The Waterbury Democrat., 1939-10-20
|BRITONS REJOICE OVER ALLIANCE
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0QAAMA4 eeAO eAC0ey A0I A1AAk sesAAoS activity byb Britain. Turkey had been carefully nurtured as an ally. In 1888 Britain granted her $80, 0,000,- 900 in credits to develop her indus try and buy war supplies.
 Italy I'm Bad Position
 Now, it seemed, the long British preparation had fructified. Italy seemed unlikely to enter 8 war in which Turkey would be aligned against it. As Turkey does not want to- go to war with Russia and seeks it's friendship, it was regarded as possible that Russia would not want to antagonize Turkey. Turkey is the spokesman for the Balkan en- tente CTurkey, Rumania, Greece and Jugoslavia) and, in Its present position, by far the strongest ot of them and the one which could take the lead in any combined &C., tion.
 There was a tendency among dip lomats to see in article five of the new alliance the hint of an exten. sion of British and French-and Turkish-guarantees to Jugoslavla.' and perhaps even Bulgaria ana Hungary, within the framework O. new Balkan pact.
 An important side light to the new alliance, and to the posltlon o1 Turkey and Russia as old friends' was 8 written reply to questlon' given in the house of commons yes terday by R. A. Butler, parliament ary under secretary for foreign a1- fairs.
 He disclosed that Britain's guar antees to Poland against attack cov- cred only Germany and that, with the consent of Poland, Russia was excluded.
 Reports Of Situation Investigation of this situation led | to reports:
 1. That in an exchange of views last week by August zaleski, New Polish foreign minister, :nd Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain and viscount Halifax. foreign secretary, it was agreed that reconstructed Poland should not seek to reclaim territory which Russia has occupied. This territory was not part of peace treaty Poland. It was seized by Po- land from Russia after the consti- tuition of the Polish republic, as the Wilma territory was seized from Lithuania.
 2. That the agreement would be confirmed publicly when Great Britain and France decided that the time was opportune to outline their war aims.
 3. That Premier Benito Mussolini of Italy would not have criticised Britain for failing to declare war on !; Russia because of the invasion of Poland, had he known the inside. Pact More Important
 These reports, believed to repre- sent the actual situation, made the Turkish agreement even more im- portant and considerably discounted the effect of Turkeys safeguard against having to fight Russia-a safeguard to which Britain and France willingly consented.
 The implication of the Turkish and Polish situations, taken togeth- CT, might be that the Allies did not expect to have to fight Russia.
 The Daily Herald, in an Istanbul dispatch which did not conflict with other reports, purported today te give the full story of the abortive Turkish Russian negotiations.
 It said that when Sukru Saragog- lu, Turkish foreign minister, went to Moscow, the main points of a Russian Turkish pact already had been agreed upon by Russia, Tur- key, Britain and France.
 Turkey and Russia were to under take not to fight each other, and were to pledge mutual aid in event of an attack by another power in the Balkans.
 Turkey Rejects One Proposal
 When Saracoglu began his nego- tiations, 1t was said, Russia asked Turkey to recognize its new front fer in Poland and to promise to prevent foreign warships passing through the Dardanelles to the Black Sea.
 Turkey rejected these proposals, it was said, and Russia then said it would accept the original plan if Turkey agreed to remain neutral in any war between Russia and the AL lies.
 A pact on these lines was drafted Oct. 13 with the full approval of Britain and France.
 Russia Wanted More On October 16, when Saracoglu notified the Russians of his govern ment's approval of this draft, the Russians proposed startling new conditions: CD That Turkey must close the Dardanelles completely in event Russia was involved in any war; and CD that Russia must in- Sist on remaining neutral in event of war between Turkey and Ger many.
 Saracoglu consulted his govern ment and Turkey consulted Britain and France, the dispatch said, with the result that on October IT Tur- key instructed Saracoglu to reject the Russian demands and start for home.
 l Prime Minister Chamberlain sent the following message to Refik Say dam, Turkish premier 1:
 T would like to convey to your excellency 8 personal message of good wishes and congratulations on the conclusion between our two countries and France of the treaty Of mutual assistance which was signed today. welcome this addi- tional proof of the resolve of our three countries to collaborate in furthering our common interests and I took forward to continuance | of fhic nnnYaora kiAs. L.. ....-.-....- .. :