davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1939-04-28
THE SOCIAL SECURITY ACg

@. Who is entitled to EeceiYa
unemployment benefts2 4
A. Benefits are paid to unenl-
ployed workers who are able and
willing to work but cannot find Jobs.
provided that during the year or two
before they became unemployed
they had certain amount OF work
in jobs which came under their
State unemployment compensation
laws. !,
@. What kinds of Jobs are COW
cred by unemployment compensa-.
ton? Il.
A. Most of the jobs In factories,
mines, mills, shops, offices, stores,
and almost all other places Of in-
dustry, business, or commerce are
protected by the State unempl0y-
ment compensation laws.
@. Does unemployment compen-
sation cover workers in small con-
Germs as well as large ones2
Most of the State laws apply only
to concerns where eight or more
workers are employed, for at
least 20 weeks a year, on jobs that
are covered by the laws. Such Is the
case in North Carolina, Virginia,
and West Virginia. In the District OF
Columbia the law applies to COM
mercial companies and industrial
plants having one or more employ
ees; in Maryland, to concerns hav-
ing four or more employees.
@. Do l lose my employment
compensation benefit rights in a
State If l leave it in order to take
a job in some other State?
A. Most States are cooperating
in an interstate benefit-payment
plan so that the worker who has
benefit rights may register for work
and file his claim at an employment
Office in another state. His benefits
will then be forwarded to him from
the State where he has benefit cred-
it's. You can find out at your en-
ployment office whether or not your
State is among those taking part In
the interstate benefit-payment plan.
There are of course, a certain NUM-
Der of workers who move from State
to State SO often that they do not
qualify for benefits under any State
law even though all their work to-
gether, if it had been done In one
State, would be enough to qualify
them.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1939-04-28
- ----l-----7---
Streams Flow Inland In
One Part of Australia

Australia is land Of paradoxes,
Of scentless flowers and songless
birds, and one Of its oddities Is riv-
ers which flow almost from the
coastline into the heart Of the con-
tinent, relates Quentin Pope In the
Chicago Tribune.
Notable among these Is the Goul-
burn, which winds through Victoria
to the north, turning Its back on the
waters of Bass strait and flowing on
to join the Murray, Australia's Fa-
Their of Waters, which for much of
its 1000 miles is the border between
Victoria. and New South Wales.
The Goulburn has made possible
one of the richest developments in
the country. Victoria spent millions
on the work of irrigating the Goul-
burn valley, creating thousands Of
acres of fertile land through a
system of more than 5000 miles Of
channeling.
The Eildon weir, Swallowed by
softly-rounded hills, and the Waran-
ga basin together hold and distrib-
ute nearly 100000 acre feet of the
Goulburn river that once flowed into
the Murray. The Goulburn irrigates
more areas than any three other
rivers in the country could supply.
Early explorers reported the coun-
try south of the parallel of "a de-
grees as "uninhabitable and useless
for the purpose of civilized man."
They could find no trace of any river
falling into the sea between Cape
Otway and Spencer's gulf, and thus
wrote off the territory as waterless.
The odd trick of the Goulburn of
flowing away from the sea to join
the Murray had fooled them. It was
only the determination of a COVER
nor who sent off another expedition
to the unknown country to exhaust
all possibilities Of water existing,
that started this region on the way
to prosperity.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1939-04-28

Cat Out of the Bag,

Many OF the phrases we use in
popular speech are similar in mean
ing and in origin. For instance,
''letting the cat out of the bag"
and "buying pig in a poke" both
came from the same source, though
they have different meanings, says
Pearson's London Weekly. To let
the cat out of the bag is to dis
close or give away some secret; to
buy pig in a poke is to clinch a
presumed bargain without taking
the necessary steps to make sure
that the transaction is all it is
claimed to be. Long, long ago, UNI
scrupulous persons would take cat
tied up in bag Cor poke) to market
and there try to sell it, saying that
the bag contained a pig. Wise pur-
chasers, however, would take the
precaution of looking inside to YER
ify the fact, an act that often ''let
the cat out of the bag" Those not
so wise-well, they bought pig
in poke"
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1939-04-28
CHRISTIAN SCIENCE SERVICES

Everlasting Punishment" will be
the subject Of the lesson-Sermon In
all Churches of Christ. Scientist, on
Sunday, April 80.
The Golden Text will be from
Gen. 1925, "Shall not the Judge Of
all the Earth do right?"
Among the citations comprising
the Lesson-Sermon will be the fol-
lowing from the Bible, lisa. 40:1:l
Comfort ye, comfort ye, my people.
saith your God"
The Lesson-Sermon also viii In
clude passages from the Christian
Science textbook, Science and
Health with Key to the Scriptures"
by Mary Baker Eddy. among which
is the following. page 329. "The
pardon of divine mercy u the das
etraetion Of sEEoEA.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1939-04-28

An electrical device which, under
control of an operator at a keyboard,
actually creates speech was demon
stratad recently at the Franklin In
stitute, Philadelphia. Known as
PEDRO, the Voder," it is a develop
ment Of the Bell Telephone Labo-
ratories as scientific novelty to make
an interesting educational exhibit for
the Bell Systems displays at the
Golden Gate international Exposition
at San Francisco and at the Worlds
Fair in New York.
The device is an electrical arrange
ment which corresponds to the
mechanism of human speech in all the
essentials of kinds of sounds and of
the completeness of their control, Ex-
cept for q keyboard it is built entirely
Of apparatus used in modern every
day telephone service, But it is not
a telephone, nor does IT talk with the
aid of monograph records or sound
film, or any form of voice record. 1t
ID the first machine in the world to
create speech.
The last part of the name "Pedro,
the Voder," comes from the key let
ters of the words, s'yoice operation
dsmonstrator," because it Is device
which shows electrically the operation
Of ire human voice. The first part Is
taken from the name Of Dom Pedro,
the Emperor of Brazil, who 50 prompt
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1939-04-28

ly recognized the marvels of Alexan-
der Graham Bells speaking tele-
phone" when first exhibited at the
Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia
in 1876.
Seated at keyboard which looks
much like that Of an old-fashioned
parlor organ, a specially trained oper-
ator presses keys singly or in combina-
ton. These operations control the
buzzing and kissing sounds produced
by two vacuum tubes, and can be made
to simulate the sounds of the human
vocal cords almost perfectly. There
are fourteen keys and foot pedal,
and under the deft manipulation of
these, twenty-three different sounds
can be produced and formed into
words. With the foot pedal the opera
tor can vary the accent or emphasis,
giving the same word many different
infections. By turning a knob, she
can make the "Voder" sound like
either man or a woman. The ma
chine can also initiate animals and
birds,
The young women who will operate
the "Voder" at the San Francisco and
New York Worlds Fairs were selected
from more than three hundred tele-
phone operators, and through long
practice they have acquired a voca-
bulary sufficient to converse on ordi-
nary subjects.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1939-04-28
PLANT FOREST TREES In THE
SPRING

Many forest plantations fail be-
cause the trees are planted at the
wrong time in the year, according
to c. F. Winslow, specialist in For
estry for the University Of Maryland
Extension Service. He says that for
most species of forest trees the best
time for planting is in the spring.
just before the buds start to burst.
This usually runs from March /. on
the Eastern Shore to April /, for
the Western part OF the State, ale
though this year, because Of the
colder weather, planting may take
place little later. The planting
season for the State usually lasts
about one month.
In addition to observing the
proper date, Mr.. Winslow en-
phasizes that it is equally import
ant to select correct planting stock
and use good planting technique.
For example, trees vary consid-
erably in their moisture require
ments and such trees as white ash
and black Walnut require q great
deal of water, which pitch and short
leaf pine need little water. On the
other hand, tulip popular and white
pine like moist soil but require
adequate drainage at the same time.
Care should be taken to- see that
the roots of the tree do not die be-
fore it is planted. To insure that
they do not die the young trees
should be "heeled" in as soon az
they are received from the nursery.
This consists of digging shallow.
trench and spreading the trees on
the ground with their roots in the
trench. Loose, moist earth 10 then
thrown over the roots.
Mr.. Winslow points out that this
method of protecting the trees will
keep them fresh for about ten days
during the planting season. Its
greatest advantage lies in the fact
that it will keep the roots moist
while the other trees are being
planted. Only a few trees at time
should be removed from the "heeled
in" trench while the trees are being
planted and even then they should
be kept in a bucket filed with mud
and water. This bucket can be car
ried to each hole before the tree Is
planted.
Trees should be planted In q ma
tural position, erect, and with roots
spread out naturally in the ground.
The top-most roots should not be
covered with more than one-halt
inch of soil.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1939-04-28
Azerbaijan Largely Moslem

Azerbaijan is country, largely
Moslem, consisting of most of the
former Russian provinces of Baku
and Yelisavetpol. It has sneighhors
which do not agree to its territorial
claims, but its boundaries are the
Caspian sea on the east; Daghestan,
Northern Caucasia and Georgia ON
the north; Georgia and Armenia on
the west and Persia on the south.
The capital of Azerbaijan is Baku, a
city of $4,000, the center of the
great oil district Of the Caucasus.
In 1917 Azerbaijan united with Ar
menia, Georgia and Transcaucasia
in federal republic. Disagree
ments arose and the federation
broke up, Azerbaijan declaring itself
independent in 1918.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1939-04-28
APRIL CHEVROLET sALEs

Chevrolet dealers retail sales of
new cars an dtrucks reached 21,74S
units in the first 10 days of April.
IA per cent above the total for the
same period last year. 1t was an
nounced here today.
This brings Chevrolet's year-to-
date sale total to 213.427 units. q
gain of 22.6 per cent over the 1884,
697 sold through April 10, 1888.
Used car sales in the same period
totaled 41,482 units, gain of A.
$50 over the sales one month ago,
making an aggregate new and used
car total of 63,225 for the period,
the announcement said
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1939-04-28
Farmers First Meat Packers

The first meat packers in the
United States were farmers, accord
ing to a correspondent in the Wis
consin Agriculturist. More than 300
years ago these farmer packers be-
gan to salt down pork, beef, venison
and bear meat. It wasn't long be-
fore the New Englanders began to
take share Of the English trade in
meats with the West Indies. Later,
thousands of meat animals were
driven in on foot to Boston, New
York, Baltimore and other sea port
towns, from the outlying farms and
from adjoining colonies or states.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1939-04-28
Entering Strange Caves

None but the bravest people care
to enter strange caves. They may
get hopelessly lost, drop into pit,
slide over a dangerous precipice,
or drown in rushing, hidden river.
Land caves usually occur in lime
stone, a porous rock, notes a writer
in the Washington Post. Rain trick
les into cracks, ''eats" away part
Of the lime, and eventually carves
out huge underground holes. Tiny
raipdrops made Kentucky's famed
Mammoth cave this way. II
sprawls 5000 square miles under
the earth's surface.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1939-04-28
The Law of LEX

The Law Of LEX is strange code
that governs the blood feuds of the
mountaineers of Albania. Respect
ing it, says Golfers Weekly, one
never shoots his enemy when the
man has arranged for a period of
truce so he can 60 to town, hold
a party or gather his harvest.
These feuds, therefore, may be
turned on or off, at will so they
win not interfere with ones busi-
ness or pleasure.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1939-04-28

Montreal Telephone service Is
now available to Newfoundland, the
service having been opened recently
with appropriate ceremony at Mon
treal, Canada, by conversations between
the Governor General of Canada and
the Governor of Newfoundland. New
foundland has thus become the
venty-eighth country or territory to
which Bell System subscribers may be
connected. The circuit will be main
tanned by the Bell Telephone Company
Of Canada, the Avalon Telephone Com
pany of Newfoundland and the Can
adian Marconi Company. Calls be-
tween Newfoundland, Canada, and all
world points will be routed through
Montreal.
Copenhagen -. The Jutland Tele-
phone Company will install the first
dial telephone exchange in Denmark.
The cost of the project will be 81, 4O7,-
900. The work is to commence in the
spring Of 1899 and it will take three
years to complete the project.
New York Nowhere else in the
world are public telephones or pay sta
lions as widely used as in the United
States. New York state itself has
about $4,000 public telephones, more
than sixth of the nearly 100000 in
the nationwide Bell System. In the
G. and P. area there are about II 300,
5000 of which are in Washington,
$500 in Maryland, 2,450 in Virginia
and $50 in West Virginia. The
number Of public telephones in this
country is greater than the number Of
all kinds Of telephones in the whole of
Italy, or in the entire continent Of
Australia.
Stockholm "A rapid advance in
the number Of telephone subscribers
during the last three years has been
reported in Sweden. During this
period approximately 100000 new tele-
phones have been installed, represent
ing an increase of 25 per cent since
the end of 1885. There are now in
operation about 100000 telephones,
or roughly 1875 per 1000 inhabitants,
against 118 per 1000 inhabitants at
the end Of 1887. The major portion
of the increase is represented by SUBJ
scriptions from private individuals,
such as farmers, workmen, small bust
ness men, ETC., rather than by large
enterprises.
Baltimore =. A telephone call from
an unidentified neighbor saved the
home of Eli J. Hackerman, Baltimore,
Nd, from destruction by fire, accord
ing to the Baltimore Evening Sun.
Firemeh were able to confne the blaze
to one room.
Hearing the telephone bell ring,
Hackerman picked up the receiver and
heard voice say "This is neighbor.
Your house is on fire. Shall / call the
fire Department." Hackerman waited
at the telephone long enough to tell
his neighbor to summon firemen and
then dashed upstairs to arouse his
wife and son.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1939-04-28
LAUNDERING BLANKETS

Hang up laundered wooden blan-
kets while they're dripping, and
fasten them with many clothes pins,
placed close together. This will help
them to dry straight. When they are
nearly dry, brush the nap up with
a stiff brush. Fluffy blankets give
more warmth than those with a fat
nap.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1939-04-28
Meaning Of Name Gratia

The name Gratia is a contraction
of the Latin Gratiana, meaning "of
exceeding grace" The Latin root
of the word may mean not only
"grace" but "divine favor" "es-
teem," blindness or "thankful-
ness" The Italian forms Graziosa,
gracious" and Graziella, "thank.
full" come from the same root, and
Gracienne means ''little graceful
one.' 1t will be observed that
"grace" may have both a physical
and spiritual Interpretation. st.
Gratia was an early virgin martyr,
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1939-04-28

Japanese silk is world-famous.
This minute the Land of the Rising
Sun is producing over 1880 pounds
Of it.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1939-04-28

The earth is whirling around on
its axis at the equator at speed
u ~ miles z minute!
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1939-04-28

The first telephone exchange in the
state Of West Virginia was opened
fifty-nine years ago in Wheeling, on
May IL, 1880.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1939-04-28

Next time you blow a fuse, re-
member tht every minute, in Amer
lea, 200 electric fuses are manufac-
tured.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1939-04-28

1t rained mud for a while In st..
Louis the other day. Just like q
political campaign,
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1939-04-28

From an Indians point of view
it's America for everybody but the
Americans.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1939-04-28

L IT,: A n
operator at the
"V o d e r." the
mechanism de-
signed By the
Bell Telephone
L a b r a tories,
" h icb creates
speech, In the
background is
the loud speaker
from which the
words issue.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1939-04-28
"MACHlNE THAT TALKS LIKE A MAN" DEVELOPED
BY The BELL TELEPHONE LABORATORIES
"Pedro, the Voder" Is First Completely Mechanical
Speaking Device; On Display at Worlds Fairs

Right: he
K g q board of
t h e "Voder"
showing the
ten keys and
the arm sOiteh
controlled By
the operator.
Evening star., 1939-10-30
Flagship SkysIeeper'
Service Will Stort

American Airlines will start a
new overnight Flagship Skysleeper"
service between Washington and
Los Angeles Wednesday, Herbert D.
Ford, district sales manager, an
nounced today. Planes will leave
Washington at 7:25 pm. and arrive
at 1888 am. on the West Coast.
The added schedule gives Wash
ington passengers four daily flights
on American Airlines to the West
Coast and provides a new service
to South Texas, New Orleans and
Mexico City. The new flight On
Evening star., 1939-10-30

was taken by the Engineers team
with an average Of 81.
The 65 omcers who comprised the
l3 teams in the contest fired over
an Army ID" course which Is COM
posed Of 10 shots, slow fire and rapid
fire at Is yards, 10 shots rapid fire
at Is yards and Is shots, time fire,
at bobbing target.
Medals were presented by Col.
Wetheriu. Infantry. to the 10 ofncers
with the highest score, who were: l.
Capt. E. c. Moore. Infantry; 2, Capt.
M. w. Van Scoyce, Field Artillery:
3. 1t. T. N. BURDEN, Infantry; 1,
Capt. G.. L. Hart, Field Artillery: S,
Capt. Preston Grover. Field Artil-
lery; 6, 1t. s. J. Marsdan, Infantry:
Evening star., 1939-10-30
Club Advisers Named
At Fuirfox Hiqh
Special Dispatch to The Star.

Special Dispatch to The Star.
FAIRFAX, Va, Oct. 30.-Organi-
zation of q number of clubs and ap-
pointment of faculty advisers at
Fairfax High School for the current
session has been announced.
Clubs and sponsors include: Glee
Club, Miss Jeanne johnson, adviser:
Dramatic Club, Harry J. Stanley,
adviser; Pep Club. Ralph E. Buck
ley, adviser; Needlecraft. Miss Sadie
Bird, Miss Mary Leigh Hubbard and
Miss Frances Bates, advisers; Photo
graphy, w. j. Dowling, adviser:
Evening star., 1939-10-30

7. 1t. A. c. Schieck, Infantry; 8,
Capt. N. c. Seewald, Engineers; 8,
1t. NJ. J. Schaub, Quartermaster;
10, 1t. A. H. Jackman, Field Artillery.
Other medals we're presented to
the members Of the first, second and
third place teams. The shoot was
held under the direction of Capt.
Edmund Malczewski. Infantry, chief
range and statistical oficer.
Evening star., 1939-10-30

Journalism. Miss Mary Burgess. ad-
wiser: Radio, Carl Levin, adviser;
Scientific, Mrs. Dorcas Lawson and
Carroll Iden, advisers; Future Farm
ers of America, Ralph E. Buckley,
adviser; Home Arts, Mrs. Harriet
e. Gordon, adviser; Library, Miss
Betty Lou Peck, adviser; Industrial
Arts, j. Wilson Johnston, adviser;
Commercial, Miss Sarah c. Smoot
and Mrs. Margaret Swetnam, ad-
visers; Aviation, Karl Stutsman, ad-
wiser, and Band, Harry j. Stanley.
Evening star., 1939-10-30
Forum Told of Lutin
Social and Labor Lows

Many Latin American countries
had national social and labor laws
before the United States, Beatrice
Newhall, assistant editor Of the
Bulletin of the Pan-American
Union yesterday told the Adult
Forum of the Universalist National
Memorial Church.
'Low-cost housing has interested
Evening star., 1939-10-30

many governments" she said. "Th(
first low-cost housing commission
in Argentina, for example. was es1
tablished in october, 1915, and I'M
terest in this subject has growl
throughout America with the yeara
The first Pan-American Low-CosI
Housing Congress was held In Ar
gentina early this month"
Evening star., 1939-10-30
Field Artillery Officers
Win Small Arms Trophy

Yesterday, for the third consecu-
tive year. the Col, Richard Weth-
erill Small Arms Trophy was won at
. team of Field Artillery officers at
the National Guard range in a COM
petition with other reserve Officers
Of the District.
Using the standard As caliber
Army automatic. the Field Artillery
team nosed out the second-place
Infantry team with score Of 949
10 the Infantry's 945. Third place
Evening star., 1939-10-30
Open House at School

An open house for students an
parents will be held at 5 pm. Thurs
day in the Anacostia High Schoa
Various classes and shops will be 4
operation and students will act 1
guides for tours of inspection.
Evening star., 1939-10-30

American Airlines will serve Nash
vile, Memphis, Dallas, Ell Paso, Tue
son and Phoenix on the Washing
ton-Los Angeles flight.
Evening star., 1939-10-30
Hindus Mustn't GombIe

Gambling in Calcutta's Chinatown
has been restricted to the Chinese,
since the wives of Hindus COM
planned their husbands spent all
their money at the gaming tables.
Evening star., 1939-10-30

The famous baths Of ancient Rome
were without one item we consider
neceSSity-SOaD,