davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Imperial Valley press., 1939-09-11
Poles Halt Fast
Advance of Nazis
In MajoLB
Continued from Page y

(COntlnucQ from rage -
rivers remained to be seen, but
for the time being the terrific mo-
mentum of the Nazi war machine
had been slowed down and the first
major battles of the war were in
progress.
On the west front, the French
continued cautious in their preli-
minary attacks on the German
WestWall nimes) Notifications but
they reported that they had firm
footing in the Saar sector, tHrned
back the first Nazi counter often
sive and forced the German hign
command to send reinforcements
which might otherwise be used in
Poland
How long it might be before
major French British attempt is
made to crack the German main
line was a matter of increasing
speculation and in London the Eve
ming Standard, owned by Lord
Beaverbrook, cauStically asked,
What kind of a war is this?" the
newspaper urged Britain to act
more swiftly to aid the Poles
The critical tone of the London
newspaper conceded with reports
from Berlin that Premier Benito
Mussolini of Italy, might soon ad-
dress a message to Britain and
France through the Italian ambas-
sadors
There was intense diplomatic &C
tivity in Berlin, with the Italian
ambassador playing an important
part and some new peace move
seemed possible despite the ao-
vance declaration of British and
French newspapers that their gov
ernments were in the war to fight
to the end.
German war communicates ad-
mitted that fighting was on a major
scale in Poland but said that the
Nazis would soon force decision,
having trapped hundreds of thou
sands of Poles west of the Vistula
Although allied sources reported
that Germany had been compelled
to raise her total of men in the
Polish campaign from $4,000 to
100000, the Germans insisted that
they had the main Polish armies
trapped south and west of Warsaw
and that, as Marshall Hermann
Goering predicted, the task" in
the east would be mainly ended by
next weekend.
The Germans claimed that large
parts of the Polish army were sur
rendering and that the Nazis had
crossed the NareW and San rivers.
Adolf Hitler made a long air
plane flight over the Polish front,
going close to Warsaw and watch
ing severe fighting south of the
Polish capital. The Nazis reported
that their prison camps in Poland
were crowded by tens of thousands
of prisoners, including three Pol
ish generals, and said that the
German navy, using landing par
ties, was battering down the de-
fenses of Gdynia, the Polish sea-
port on the Baltic.
Nazis felt confident that they
would still be able to end the Polish
fighting and turn their full atten-
tion to the Rhineland front before
Britain and France can achieve
any important gains in the west.
They already have sent reinforce
ments into the Rhineland fortifi-
cations, but as long as the Poles
can hold out as an organized army
in the east the Nazi military oper-
ations are necessarily handicapped
in the west. To date, the Polish
army has taken a severe beating
but allied experts believed that it
would be far from finished even If
Warsaw were lost.
Imperial Valley press., 1939-09-11
Train Hits Coupe.
Killing Five

FAIRFIELD. Calf. Sept Il. CUP
"A Southern Pacific mail train
struck a coupe on the Rio Vista
crossing today, killing five persons
Only two of the victims, all oe-
cupants of the coupe, were identi-
fled They were John Carol, Car
away. Ark, and William H. Sher-
rill 20. Tulare.
The bodies of the others, two
men and woman, were brought
to funeral parlor here.
The train, No. 9, in charge of En-
gineer George Carpenter, Alameda,
was travelling westward and the
coupe was proceeding in the same
direction.
Imperial Valley press., 1939-09-11

until alleys are cleaned up. He
estimated it would take two or
three days for complete service,
Bristol also urged merchants to
avoid sweeping refuse into street
cutters in the. mornings.
Bodies of bugs and crickets, ly-
ing in cutters all day, present a
menace to public health" he said,
He suggested cleaning up sidewalk
refuse and putting it in a container
in alleys so that it will be picked
up later by trash and garbage men.
Imperial Valley press., 1939-09-11

ment. officials were informed.
Hens was arrested Aug. 81 a few
moments after he crossed the bor-
der at Calexico. He later paid a
1000 peso fine for operating as an
,dertaker in Mexico without a
license He was re-arrested as soon
as released supposedly for viola
ton of the immigration law and
disrespect TO an officer.
Imperial Valley press., 1939-09-11
Squa|us Salvage
Near Success

PORTSMOUTH, N. H., Sept. Il.
tUP)-Weather permitting, the fl
nal lift-tow of the sunken submar-
inc Squalus and its cargo of 26
dead will be attempted tomorrow,
navy salvagers said today.
All four pontoons to be used in
the final step were in position.
Imperial Valley press., 1939-09-11
SHERIFF HUNTING
DANGEROUS THUG

BAKERSFIELD, Cal, Sept. Il.
(UP)-Kern county and Los An
geles officers today sought a Bak-
ersfield man described by Under
sheriff Jack Huston as dangerous"
and "the most wanted man In
California
Imperial Valley press., 1939-09-11

tling a dispute as to proper pro-
cedure. Mexicali immigration Of
ficials were said to refuse to take
action until the federal labor de-
partment tells them whether they
should simply release him or de-
port him officially.
Action on the case would have
to take its regular order with other
business before the labor depart
Imperial Valley press., 1939-09-11
DAUGHTER BORN
TO LEWIS BENTLEYS

Mr.. and Mrs. Lewis Bentley an
nounced the birth Of a daughter in
San Diego hospital at 10 am.
Sunday.
Imperial Valley press., 1939-09-11
R|TISH CLOSE IN With SEA BLOCKADE
/. v. Und dertoker
Remains in Jail

A. R. Hens, Ell Centre and Calexico undertaken, Mon
day served his twelfth day Mexicali jail prisoner with
at Mexico City.
His release said to hinge on federal order set
Imperial Valley press., 1939-09-11
Subs Sink Four
English Vessels:
Conveys Boosted

LONDON, Sept. i. (UP)-Great Britain frightened her
control OF the sea today and dug in for a long war
The British and French navies working in close cooper
alton were laying heavy mine fields in the North sea and
the English Channel closing in the blockade on Germany
Imperial Valley press., 1939-09-11
Storm Bound Trash Trucks
Begin Rounds Again When
FL Centro Alleys Dry Up

First garbage and trash collections in than a
week started in Ell Centre residential districts Monday
alleys dried out sufficiently to permit travel of garbage
trucks
Grant Bristol health Inspector. assured residents that
The Waterbury Democrat., 1939-08-15
GOV. BALDWIN IS
 STILL YER YBUSY

San Francisco, Aug. Is = (U.P0 - Governor Baldwin of Connecticut, mentioned as presidential or vice. presidential possibility in Republican party circles, came before the Com monwealth Club today to tell the club, composed of San Francisco business, financial and professional men, about the "Connecticut Way" His speech before the Common wealth Club was entitled "A pro- gram for America, No substitute for a good job."
 It was understood he would be in- troduced by former President Herb ert Hoover.
 Hoover entertained Baldwin at dinner last night after the governor had participated in Connecticut Day" ceremonies at the Golden Gate International Exposition. In a press interview Baldwin de- clared for a program which would put people back to work "at good johs." 2.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1939-08-15

said. Unless prosecution started within five years after the with. drawal from the conspiracy, prose- cution is barred" he said.
 Two things are necessary for with drawal, lie said. There must be an actual intent in the mind of the man to withdraw and there must have
 been an expression of intent by woro or deed to reasonably indicate his intention to withdraw.
 In the first place. he said, in part, 1t is alleged that the ultimate plir- pose of the combination was to cheat and defraud the City of Wa terbury, and the residents and tax. payers thereof; and was for the pur- pose of promoting the personal ad- vancement of Hayes. Leary and Kelly. and for the purpose of de- ceiving and defrauding the public community of Waterbury and the residents and taxpayers thereof, and for the purpose of appropriating and using for their own use, money. funds and property belonging to the City of Waterbury. That in the main is the summary of the in- formation alleged to have been the ultimate purpose of the claimed combination of the accused.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1939-08-15

combination or confederation to ac- complish an unlawful purpose or a lawful purpose by unlawful means. Another way of putting 1t is that it is combination formed or carried on, for the purpose of committing an unlawful act or unlawful acts. That is to, say 1t is not necessary that it appear that both the ulti- mate purpose and the acts by which it is expected to accomplish that purpose are unlawful, It is not pec- essary even that it appear that all of the purposes to be accomplished or all of the acts to be done in the accomplishment of the purpose be unlawful acts. It is sufficient if either some one of the purposes to be accomplished by the confedera- tion is unlawful or that some one o fthe acts by which 1t is planned to accomplish the purpose of the combination is unlawful. However, a mere combination which is formed to accomplish some lawful purpose and to do 1t by lawful means is not a criminal conspiracy. In order to make a combination of two or more persons g criminal conspiracy 1t must be either that the ultimate pur- poses of the combination are unlaw- full or that the means to be used by the combination to accomplish its purposes, or some of them, are un- lawful.
 (Not necessarily criminal). When we use the word unlawful in the definition of the crime of conspiracy we do not necessarily mean crim- inal. That is to say it is not essen tial to a criminal conspiracy that either the ultimate purpose to be accomplished or the acts to be one to accomplish the purpose taken by themselves, be criminal acts in the sense that they are forbidden by law under pain of penalty im- posed by law. You can see that, in many situations, a group or com- bination of persons each playing in- to the others hands may be able to do more harm to the public than any of the number working indivi- dually could. For that reason, when a number a persons combine to do things it may well be that the harm to be done the public is great enough So that the conspiracy ought to be held to be criminal even though the separate acts done in pursuance of the conspiracy would not be crimes if they were done by any one of the group acting separately and inde- pendently of the others of the group.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1939-08-15
YOUTHS TELL OF
 TRAIN WRECKINC

Wickford, R. l., Aug. 15-(UP)- Two 16-year-old North Kingston youths who confessed placing g heavy iron plate on New Haven railroad tracks which severely iolted" 8 work train were ques- toned further by state and rail road police today.
 The work train was moving slow ly when 1t struck the plate at slocum yesterday while proceeding to Providence. A faster-movine passenger train which was due to pass the spot IS minutes later would have been wrecked, railroad off cials said.
 The youths told investigators they did 1t or a dare"
 The plate was six inches long, five inches wide, and an inch thick.
 The boys were held at Wickford barracks until late last night when they were released in custody oi ones father.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1939-08-15
ACTORS DISPUTE
 MAY BE SETTLED

Atlantic City, N. J., Aug. 15- (UP)-An arbitration committee of the American Federation of Labor was expected to report late today on a plan for settling the dispute in the actors union which has threat ened to paralyze the entertainment industry with a strike.
 William Green, AFL president, said the arbitrators were consider ing only one of three suggestions made; that they were attempting to reconcile two groups of actors and were not considering the dispute as between actors and stagehands.
 The Associated Actors and Ar tists of America, parent body for all movie, radio. stage, concert ana other performers, has suspended the American Federation of Actors. composed of night club, vaudeville and circus performers, and the AFA has been given a charter by the h. ternational Alliance of Theatrical Stage Employees, the parent union for Stagehands.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1939-08-15

know what the complete conspiracy consists of, but 1t is enough to know that a conspiracy exists and what he is doing is in pursuance of 1t. It is not necessary for a conspirator to know all the persons in the con- spiracy, he continued.
 Single Conspiracy Question
 Judge Inglis said that the infor- nation charges single conspiracy and not a number. The question for the jury to decide, he said, is wheth- CT there was a single conspiracy, or separate unconnected conspiracies.
 It is possible, he said, to have a single conspiracy, operating through a series of branches, and that is the type of conspiracy alleged in this case. It would not cease to be a single conspiracy because of a di- vision of the conspirators into sev- eral groups.
 If each of several groups act with no privity and not toward the same end, 1t would not constitute 8 single conspiracy. but several conspiracies, he continued.
 What State Contends
 The state contends that the con- spiracy was like a tree, with Hayes, Leary, Kelly, Olsen and Kingsley as the trunk, an dthe others as the branches.
 If you find it to be @ fact that, although the defendants were part of several separate conspiracies. and there was no privity, then the state has not proved its case and your verdict must be not guilty, the judge said. It is not necessary for the state to prove that all the men knew what all the others were do- ing. or even to know them.
 Judge Inglis pointed out that the state must prove that the acts were done within the law of limitNtions provided in conspiracy case.
 Five years C tbe limitation, he
The Waterbury Democrat., 1939-08-15
Must Disclose

Although, as l have Just said, @ man does not ordinarily become a guilty member of a conspiracy sim ply because he knows that others have conSpired and are doing un- lawful acts and does nothing about 1t. If, however, he is in a position where the law imposes on him the duty to disclose his knowledge of the operation of the conspiracy, and he does not disclose 1t, then he is guilty of positive act of conceal
 ment and that may be enough to constitute him a member of the conspiracy. For instance, in the case Of a conspiracy to defraud 1t is commonly essential to the purposes of the conspiracy that the acts of fraud be concealed both so that the conspirators may SO on with the commission of other similar acts and also so that they may escape detection and punishment. 1T, therefore, an auditor retained by Q corboration to make an investiga. ton uf its books, tn the process Of the books. should discov- nr that the corporation was being
The Waterbury Democrat., 1939-08-15


 The crime of conspiracy may be and generally is a continuing of fense. Most crimes are made up of a single act or at least a group Of acts all committed at about the same time. Conspiracy is generally made up of a series of acts extend- ing sometimes over long period. Even ip the most simple conspira- cies, 1t starts with the original for nnation of the combination between two or more persons whereby they join forces to accomplish . single unlawful purpose and carries through until the purpose ts ac- complained. In the more compla- cafed conspiracies where the com bination s made for the purpose of accomplishing . long series of unlawful acts it starts with the formation ef the confederation and continues until the completion oi the iast overt oct which is done In pursuspcs and furshersnce of the
The Waterbury Democrat., 1939-08-15
Nature, Types Of Conspiracies Explained Today By Judge Inglis In His Jury Charge

I the conspiracy withdrew, I must tell you what constitutes a withdrawal A withdrawal from a. conspiracy is made up, of two elements. There must first be an actual intention ir the mind of the conspiFstor to with draw and then second there must have been an expression of that in- tent either by word or deed which would reasonably indicate the in- tention. It is not enough that the conSpirator simply had the inten- ton to pull out of the conspiracy In addition to that he must have said something or done something which to a reasonable man would indicate that he had formed the in- tention to abandon the conspiracy Accordingly, if you should find as regards any of the defendants that at one time he had been a member of the conspiracy but that later he had formed in his mind the inten- ton of withdrawing therefrom and while he had that intention had said something or done something which to a reasonable man would indicate that he had such an in- tention then you would conclude that he had withdrawn from the conspiracy as of the date when he so, expressed that intention.
 Some time ago in this charge told you that before the State was entitled to verdict against any one of these accused it had to prove two things. It must prove first that he participated in the confederation or combination charged and second that the purpose of the combination was either to accomplish the un- lawful purpose charged or to accom- plish a purpose which might have been lawful, but by some of the un- lawful means charged. Since that point in the charge, have been discussing the principles of law which govern you in deciding whether the state has proved the first element of the case, namely whether the accused or any of them participated in confederation or combination. Now I must direct your attention to the second element of the case, namely the question as to whether if you find that any of these defendants participated in such a combination or confederation as is charged, then was the purpose of that confederation to do any of the unlawful acts charged in the information.
 The definition of a criminal con- spiracy is, as you will remember, a
The Waterbury Democrat., 1939-08-15
MRS. MCCORMICK DIES

Chicago, Aug. 14-(UP)-Funeral services will be held tomorrow for Mrs. Amy Irwin Mccormick, wife of Col. Robert R. Mccormick, pub fisher of the Chicago Tribune. She died late yesterday from pneumonia at Passavant hospital.
 She was born in 1880, the daugh- ter of Gen. B. J. D. Irwin, Indian fighter who was known as the Fighting Doctor" and was the first American to be awarded the con- gressional medal of honor. She and Col. Mccormick were married in London in 1915.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1939-08-15
Wlthdrsvsl

Because t is possible, therefore, that you may have to decide wheth- or scmee . who was . member Of
The Waterbury Democrat., 1939-08-15
Hayes Act Not Illegal

The aldermanic vote empowering the mayor to enter into contracts lo effect reductions in lighting rates was not illegal. Judge 1nglis charged the jury. state claims that the moe
The Daily Alaska empire., 1939-11-25
By PRESTON GROVER

WASHINGTON, Nov. 25. = Hol- lands danger in this world war arises out of the fact that areonau- tical ingenuity has not devised a combat plane that will fly the round trip from Germany to England and back.
 A combat plane is one of those campact little one-man fighters which are easily maneuvered and are death to awkward bombers, but are themselves helpless when con- fronted by long distances.
 Strategists say one reason h e smashing German Blitzkrieg planned for England has been held up is because these little combat planes cannot fly along and protect the Nazi bombers from British combat and interceptor planes. It is not the only reason the strategists give. An- other important one is that Germany seems not too certain that Blitz- krieg through the air will work.
 There is a third important reason which we will take up further along.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1939-11-25
SUSPECT IN BEER
 HALL BOMBING IS
 REPORTED AZ spy
More Details of EIser Ar. rest Released by
 Secret Police

BERLIN, Nov. 25.-The German secret police have published more details of the arrest of the suspected Munich bomber, George Elser, indi- eating that he had a pocketful of discriminating evidence when he fled toward the Swiss frontier.
 According to the police, Elser had fifteen documents in his possession when he was searched at the Swiss border on the night that a bomb narrowly missed Chancellor Hitler in the beer cellar.
 These documents are said by the secret police to include information concerning German ammunition de- pots, munitions factories ammuni- tion transport lines. and floor plan sketch of the Munich beer hall where the bomb explosion killed eight of the Nazis Old Guard.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1939-11-25
BAY REGION STRIKE NOW
 AT IMpASSE
Bridges Is Condemned by Rossi as Trying fo Wipe
 Out Private Business

SAN FRANCISCO, Cal, Nov. 25. Hope dwindles for any quick and amicable settlement of two strikes which have tied up the major part of waterborne commerce in San Francisco Bay.
 Expressions of mutual blame grow bitter between employers and CIO unioniSts.
 Negotiations, resumed Wednes- day, appeared broken off again while representatives of business and farm groups from interior val leys flocked here to press for open ing of the port.
 Before a large representation of Chambers of Commerce from North ern California, Mayor Rossi of San Francisco charged that Harry Brid- ges. California CIO director, and other Communist leaders of water front unions are engaged in a def mlJe program to Wlpe out pllVdtc business"
 Maritime prospects for peace are dinner here than they have been in many days, with Harry Bridges blaming waterfront employers on the other hand for the new impasse in negotiations between striking ships clerks and dock checkers with the employers association.
 Bridges said yesterdays meeting Of $50 Chamber of Commerce rep resentatives from Northern Cali fornia cities was merely move to WOO support for an open shop cam paign.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1939-11-25
GERMANY NEEDS BASES

The danger to Holland, as Strate- gistS here see it. is that Germany must get bases closer to England from which to launch her air attack if she is determined to do it. The few reconnaissance and "sampling' tests made by Germany on British naval and supply centers have shown them that the defense is tough. It includes not only the anti-aircraft guns, but more important still, the fast flying little interceptor planes that can get off the ground in a split second, climb 10000 feet to be on a level with the bombers, then swarm on them with as many as four machine guns blazing from each plane.
 If the German bombers could have an escort of fleet of Nazi combat planes, these little fighters could take on the British intercep- tors and leave the bombers free to accomplish their mission. Losses that way would be cut to minimum.
 But the combat planes can't make the flight. It is 300 miles or more from the nearest German air bases to the British industrial centers. Combat planes can fly only about $50 miles on the fuel they carry. Even the best Yankee fighters can carry no more. With 300 miles to go to England and 300 miles to get back home, only 50 miles is left. More than 50 miles would be eaten up in first-class "dog-fight." Then the plane could not get home.
 If Germany overran Holland, she could have air bases within much easier flying distances of Eng land. Her combat planes could fly with the bombers and air attacks could be launched with good chances of success.