davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1939-09-03

information in the steamship line
offices were Karl Koval, Mrs. Anna
Koval and Jack Sellers, all of Ap-
pleton, Wis. All they could say was
Isn't it awful?"
One boy of about IS volunteered
the information that he would lust
as soon stay.
But I'm afraid for my mother, ,
he said. She Is travelling with him
Few Garry Gas Masks.
The streets of Paris gave evidence
of continued evacuation. Those
staying behind were ordered to
carry gas masks in the streets at
all times. Only a few citizens have
complied thus far, however.
The subway was still functioninp
on restricted schedules, but buses
in the city halted.
Clerks stood with folded arms in
empty shops. Many merchants
locked their doors and screened
their windows with wire netting or
paper strips.
The crisis has been unable, how
ever, to stif1e the French sense OF
humor. A cartoon in Aux Ecoutes
de Ia Finance showed a taxpayer
heelng to the Recruiting Bureau
from taxes, rent and bills. The
caption was "The Chase Is Ended y
All seemed tranquil on the Riviera
where the United States cruiser
trenton relayed news bulletins from
Washington to Americans and
French.
Evening star., 1939-09-03
Americans
Continued From First Page )

struggled with four cases of books
he had bought here during the past
two years and bemoaned the fact he
couldn't stay to buy more. He finally
saw them loaded safely into a wait
ing taxi and headed for the st. La
zare station.
officials said that American
House would be made a base hos
pital in case of war
Meanwhile, near-record crowd
jammed the Office of the American
Express travel agency behind the
Opera House as the company stayed
open on Saturday afternoon for the
first time in several years.
Tourists Reactions Varied,
A gray-haired woman smoking a
cigarette in a long holder as she
waited for her daughter on a bench
in the agency corridor said she was
mot worried" because there isn't
going to be any war"
And BESIDES" she added, Amer
leans aren't afraid of anything"
David Wharton of San Francisco
said he was not afraid. But his
sister Eleanor added quickly:
Hes speaking only for himself. u
Those Poles can fight and I hope
they do" said Elizabeth Farwell, a
Smith College student from Moro
ton, Conn.
1t was a different story with
Emmy Stevens, a student from
Boston.
I'm not afraid of bombs" she
said, But I dread even thinking
about gas attack"
Among the travellers waiting for
Evening star., 1939-09-03
Summer Brings Progress
To Children Of j. ).

Mrs. James T. Hoffman of Cleve-
land, chairman of government and
child welfare for the National League
of Women Voters, said in state
ment issued yesterday at the organ
ization's headquarters here that the
summer of 1899 has been "a season
of extraordinary national progress
for children"
Events this summer" she said,
for children. Two forward steps
should be considered in their rela-
ton to each other, the decision on
the Child Labor Amendment, hold
ing that ratification is still in order
by the States. and the amendments
to the Social Security Act, which in
crease from third to half the
matching amount to dependent chill
dren of aid extended by the Federal
Government and which raises the
age of dependent children that may
be helped from 16 to 49,
Il am optimistic enough to hope
that the Child Labor Amendment
will be ratified when the Legisla-
lures will have had opportunity to
meet within the next two years." she
said. only eight more States now
are needed to accomplish ratifica-
ton. Opposition to ratification is
decreasing and will continue to de-
crease, as enough assistance is .ex-
tended to children so that mothers
will not need to send them off to
work to help support the family. Op-
Grafton of the Wages and Hours Act
also has decreased opposition to the
Child Labor Amendment. People
see large blocs of industries work.
ing without child labor and get the
idea that it's good thing"
Evening star., 1939-09-03

proclamations required by the lava
The presidential proclamatt6ns
would ban shipments of arms and
munitions to belligerents, forbid sale
Of their securities here, ban the
issuance of credits to them and pro-
hibit any American vessel to carry
arms, ammunition or implements of
war to or for any belligerent.
An American vessel trading with
a belligerent may not be armed.
American citizens cannot travel on
the ships of belligerents after q
period Of 80 days following the
issuance of the proclamation. II
the President wishes, he may re-
quire all foreign and American YES
sells to give bond not to deliver men
or supplies to any belligerent war
ship or supply ship.
Evening star., 1939-09-03
Broodcosts of War News

6 a.m.-Report from London on
Parliament meeting, WMAL, WRC.
6 am.-WAliam l.. Shirer from
Berlin, Edward r. Murrow from
London, WJSV.
7 a.m.-Murrow, London; Eric
Sevaried, Paris, WJSV.
7:3o am European roundup,
WMAL.
8:45 am.-Crisis bulletins, VOL.
9:45 am. European roundup,
WRC.
1o:30 am-European situation,
WRC and WMAL.
IL noon Dorothy Thompson,
WMAL.
1915 pm.-European news bulle-
tins, VOL. /
1890 pm.-Shirer, Berlin; Muir
row. London; Sevaried, Paris, and
Elmer Davis, New York, WJSV.
pm-British Broadcasting Corp.
news, VOL.
1870 p.m.-Chicago Round Table,
WRC.
LAS pm.-Shirer, Berlin; Davis,
New York.
2 pm.-Col. r. R. Mccormick,
VOL.
2:15 pm. European roundup,
WRC.
3 pm.-European news bulletins,
VOL.
4pm.-Fulton Lewis, jr, VOL.
Evening star., 1939-09-03
BY the Associated Press.


LONDON, Sept. 1.-Two questions
occupied Londoners tonight as anx-
ious crowds waited in the streets
and the city all but completed the
task OF digging in for war.
One was:
How long can the Poles hold out?"
The second was:
When will America come in?"
The fact that Britain had not yet
declared war on Germany didn't up
set the calculations of the man in
the street. He assumed I'VE are for
1t" and calmly made his prepara-
tions.
He considered the Polish Army
reviewed extensively by the press
in the last three months-fully able
to withstand the Germans for at
least half a year.
The more confident said it would
be a year and added: by that time
We will give 'em the billy-O."
Argue for U. S. Participation.
In clubs, restaurants and hotels
Americans were greeted with We'll,
when are you coming in?' and then
treated to drinks and estimates of
their country's armed strength, its
politics and scores of arguments
why the United States should
pitch in.
Everywhere were signs that the
city was ready. At Buckingham
Palace the brigade of guards who
usually walk sentry garbed in bear
skin shakos and red coats were in
Battle uniform with gas masks and
helmets.
Lord Gort. chief of the imperial
general staff, wore active service
dress and carried a gas mask.
More London school children were
being removed from the city today.
Yesterdays exodus of 100000 was
carried out without injuries or de-
lays.
Signs Reassure Parents.
Signs reading "All we'll and happy.
Letters Monday" were chalked on
blackboards outside schools all over
London to reassure anxious parents
of children removed from the city.
The name of the towns or villages
where the children were quartered
was added and mothers were told
that by Monday they would have
the childrens exact addresses.
Many Londoner walked to work
this morning. Subways and buses
were slow and uncertain and many
Evening star., 1939-09-03
U. 5. Scientists 10 Report
Advances 10 Convention

Scientific advances made by Fed.
eral laboratories will be reported by
Washington chemists at the esth
meeting of the American Chemical
Society in Boston September II TO
Is. Five thousand chemists and
industrialists are expected to attend
the meeting.
The program, announced by DR..
Charles L. Parsons, secretary, from
the national headquarters in the
Mills Building here, lists 16 Agri-
culture Department chemists, who
will give reports on research prog
ress in fertilizers, agriculture, food
and allied fields DR.. C. A. Browne,
chief of the Chemistry Division Of
the Bureau of Chemistry and Soils,
will be chairman of a symposium
on nitrogen-free extra of food.
Others from the department on
the program include Drs. Stephen
Brunauer, J. A. LIE Clerc, Max Phil.
lips, F. H. Thurber, Joseph R.
Spies, M. B. Matlack. E. Yanovsky,
w. c. Hess, William H. Ross, c. H.
Kunsman. w. o. Robinson, C. w.
Whitaker, E. E. Fleck, S. Palkin
and John T. Scanlan. From other
branches of Federal services will
be DR.. G. E. F. Lundell, chief of
the Chemistry Division of the Bu-
reau Of Standards, and these others
from the same bureau: Drs. James
I. Hoffman, F. G. Brickwedde, Rus
sell B. Scott, Harold J. Hoge. Her
bert F. Schiefer, F. w. Schwab,
Ruby K. Worner, Clement J. Rodden
and Gordon M. Kline.
Georgetown University will be
represented by DR.. w. C. Hess and
M. x. Sullivan. The National In
stitute of Health will have two
delegates. DR.. c. S. Hudson and DR..
Lyndon F. Small. DR.. F. S. Lodge Of
the National Fertilizer Association
and Dr. G. G. SWard of the Ma
tional Paint, Varnish and Lacquer
Association and DR.. Harrison E.
Howe, editor of Industrial and En-
gineering Chemistry, are among
others on the program.
Evening star., 1939-09-03
Gov. 0'Conor Calls
A|hambra Order
An Aid 10 Democracy
Existence of Such Bodies
Insure Continuance Of
U. S. Institutions, He Soy,

The continuation of America as q
democracy is assured by such or
ganizations as the Order Of the AL
hambra, Gov. Herbert O'Conor of
Maryland told members of that
body at the banquet last night.
Gov. O'Conor said that there are
two groups in the world today; one,
militaristic and determined to OBJ
tain everything 1t wants under the
doctrine that might makes right,
and the other, a group respectful of
the rights Of others and content
with what God has .given 1t, and
taking what comes without resort
to murder.
In America, he said, there also
are two groups; one, patriotic and
enjoying the privileges of demo-
cratic government under the Stars
and Stripes, and content: and the
other not so content, seeking by
subversive means to undermine the
foundations on which the Govern
ment has been built. Under these
conditions, he said, nothing is
needed more today than tolerance.
So long as Government officials
know they have back of them such
organizations as the Order of the
Alhambra, he said, they will feel
secure that the country's doctrines
cannot be undermined.
The 18th annual convention will
be concluded tomorrow at cere-
monies at st. John the Evangelist
Church at Forest Glen, Md. where
will be dedicated a memorial to
the Most Rev. John Carroll, first
Catholic Bishop of Maryland and
first Archbishop of Baltimore This
memorial, sponsored by the Alcala
Caravan of Baltimore, is to be pre-
sented by John M Miller, supreme
commander of the order, and win
be accepted by the Rev. Edward g..
McAdams of this city. The dedi-
catory address will be delivered by
Right Rev. Msgr. Eugene Conolly,
pastor of st, Peters Church of this
city. The Rev. John T. Kennedy,
pastor of st. Johns Church, also
will speak.
Officers of the organization elect
ed yesterday include: John M. Mil
Ter, Baltimore, Md, supreme COM
mander; Thomas J. Quinn, Phila-
delphia, vice supreme commander;
William F. Boyle. Springfield. Mass,
supreme scribe; Luz C. Robalin, San
Ontonio, Tex. supreme chamber
lain: Martin A. Cassidy, Albany, N.
Y, supreme organizer; Urban l..
Schaefer, Newark, N. j.. supreme
captain Of bodyguard; Rev John
T. Merrick, Patterson, N. j., honor
ary chaplain; J. M McKenna of this
city. George j. Kloepfer, Buffalo,
N. Y: Bernard J. O'Connor. Albany,
N. Y: DR.. I. P. A. Burns. Brooklyn,
N. Y, and Joseph A. Dougherty,
Wilkes-Barre, Pa, grand viziers.
Evening star., 1939-09-03
Vague Neutrality Act Wording
May Block Its Operation
Lack Of Formal Declarations of War
Gives President Loopho|e for Ignoring Law

shipment to, or for the use of, any
neutral state"
Poland has declared that a state
OF war exists on the ground that
she has been the victim of aggres-
sion. But if lack of declaration is
to be accepted as evidence that a
war does not exist" single coun-
try's declaration would not be af-
fected by an act concerning war be-
tween two or more nations.
Laws Anniversary.
Neutrality legislation of the pres
ent general type had its birthday
Thursday. That day was the fourth
anniversary of the Presidents sign
ing of the Senate resolution framed
on the basis of indignation aroused
by the Nye munitions investigation
against certain types of wartime
profit-making which the Nye Com
mittee had concluded helped involve
the United States directly in the
last war.
The administration opposed the
al o0 4NCull AMY ACl, WlllCll Ildu
palmer mandate to the President in
its direction that upon the outbreak
or during the progress of war be-
tween, or among, two or more ma
tions,' the acts various provisions
must be invoked. The President in
voked them in the Ethiopian war.
The word exist" was brought into
the act by an amendment dated
February 20, 1886. The whole act
was revised a year later, and the
revision became law May /, 1887,
just less than two months before
Japan invaded China.
The administration disapproves
the mandatory arms embargo from
a political point of view on account
of its sympathy for the interests of
the democratic France and England
and its distaste for the aspirations
of Germany and its supporting
powers; and on account of its be-
lief that the classical position ac-
corded neutrals by international law
should be held to by this country.
From the first consideration, the
administration opposes invoking the
arms embargo because it cuts off
shipments to France and England.
Geography prevents our shipping
arms to Germany when that coun-
try is at war with France and Eng
land
Proclamations Required.
When the Senate Foreign Rela-
tions Committee on July II voted
against consideration of neutrality
revision at the last session of Con-
gress, the President sent the Con-
gress brief message in which he
said in part:
1T has been abundantly clear to
me for some time that for the cause
OF peace and in the interest of
American neutrality and security, it
Is highly advisable that the Con-
gress at this session should take
certain much needed action
The action was neutrality re-
vision.
If the President should invoke the
Neutrality Act, the step would be
followed by issuance of a number of
Evening star., 1939-09-03
Londoners Speculate on U. S.
Entry and Po|und's Strenqth

buses and taxis had been requisi-
toned by the government to trans
port troops.
The people took their discomforts
in stride, making jokes about "Old
Adolf
Police, who overnight blossomed
out in blue steel helmets, handled
traffic, gave advice and directed
soldiers to depots.
ReServiStS on March.
English reservists swung down the
Strand in columns as England be-
gan what the man in the street be-
lieved would be the nations last
week end of formal peace.
1t was the first march of recruits.
but it was strictly business. There
were no bands playing, no flag wav-
ing and no cheers. People watched
the soldiers-startled a little-then
went thoughtfully on their way.
The streets rapidly took on a dull
defense makeup. One new wrinkle
was the use of transparent ad-
hesive paper on windows to prevent
Shattering. Barricades were every-
where as men, women and children
filled sandbags.
Men and boys with valises and
khaki knapsacks rushed through the
streets looking for buses to concen-
tratlon points. Well-tailored off,
GERS and reservists furnished sharp
contrast to the hastily dressed
militia.
Read Posters In Silence.
Crowds like those in every Euro
pean capital gathered silently to
read general mobilization posters in
post Office windows.
One sight England alone offered
was a husband and wife going off
to war together in their uniforms
the man in full territorial kit and
the woman in the khaki of the wom-
ems reserve.
In the driveways of the largest
business buildings were gray emer-
gency trucks for fire fighting. Door,
men at one building had changed
into air-raid protection uniforms
with boots and stood by taxi loaded
with shiny new shovels and anti
gas equipment.
The first complete blackout of the
city last night caused a run today
on flashlights and black cloth to
close cracks. Stores. however, closed
promptly at l o'clock in the after
noon, for war or no war, this was a
week end holiday.
Evening star., 1939-09-03
$1,000, 900 Heiress
Weds Third Time

TULSA, Sept. 2 (P.-Kathryn
Cornell Thompson, Tulsa oil heiress
who formerly was the Countess
Drohojowski, and Thomas Walter
Naxey, Tulsa attorney, were mar
ried here today.
The brides great uncle, Robert
Oglesby, oil operator who died in
1928, left more than 100000 to be
held in trust for her until she is
80 She is about Is now.
In 1881 she and the Polish Count
Jan Drohojowski were married.
They later were divorced and she
became the wife of H. E. M. Thomp-
son, Hollywood script writer. They
also were divorced and Thompson
recently married Rochelle Hudson
screen star.
Evening star., 1939-09-03
Inter.Americdn Action
On Neutrality Backed
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
SAN JOSE, Costa Rica, Sept. q
President Leon Cortes of Costa Rica
today seconded a suggestion made
yesterday by President Eduardo
Santos OF Colombia for inter- -Ameri-
can solidarity to preserve neutrality
of the Western Hemisphere.
A message from President Santos
was sent last night to the execu-
tives of all American countries.
DR.. Santos suggested joint action
''to guarantee our independence and
the normality of our economic de-
velopment."
LIMA, Peru, Sept. 2 R.-Presi-
dent Oscar Benavides of Peru to-
night said he firmly favored a plan
proposed by President Eduardo
Santos of Colombia for uniting
American countries to insure neu-
trality in the Western Hemisphere
LA PAZ, Bolivia, Sept. 2 (P.-
President Carlos Quintanilla of b.
livia tonight notified President
Eduardo Santos of Colombia of his
approval Of the Colombian CHIEF
executives plan for inter- American
solidarity for preserving American
neutrality.
Evening star., 1939-09-03
Hardin Becomes Head
Of Air Safety Board

Thomas o. Hardin, vice chairman
Of the Air Safety Board, Civil Aero
nautics Authority, and former air.
line pilot, yesterday assumed Office as
chairman Of the board, succeeding
Col Sumpter Smith
Col. Smith. first chairman Of the
board, will continue to serve as the
third member" Mr.. Hardin was
succeeded as vice chairman by C. B..
Allen, who joined the board this
summer after serving since last
year as chief of the c. A. A. in
formation division and as a liaison
man between the authority and he
Safety Board.
Evening star., 1939-09-03
BY BLAIR BOLLES.

The White House, State Depart
ment and Justice Department are
pondering question, the answer to
which is generally considered as
having vital bearing on a major
wars effect on the United States.
Is the wording of the Neutrality
Act so vague that even a war in
volving the whole Of the European
Continent might not be formidable
enough to force its invocation by the
President?
The acts requirements, including
the mandatory embargo on ship
ments of arms to belligerents, be-
come operative only when the
President proclaims a state of war
exists.
A high authority acquainted with
President Roosevelt's thought on
the subject said yesterday that Mr..
Roosevelt will not be "catapulted"
into making decision on invoking
the Neutrality Act. In other quar-
ters, also we'll acquainted with
White House purposes, there was
an inclination to think the lack of
formal declaration of war by the
chief powers involved in prospec-
tive conflict may leave the loophole
for ignoring the act, as it has been
ignored for two years in the Chi
nese war.
Two Courses Open.
The radio speech which the Presi-
dent will make tonight may shed
some light on his opinion about his
obligation under the act. BY that
time. too, he will have a better idea
of Great Britain's and Frances in
tentions in regard to the German
military movement against Poland.
If the general war comes, the Presi-
dent is expected to take one of two
steps:
/. Summon Congress into special
session and ask for Neutrality Act
revision, with the abandonment of
the automatic arms embargo, which
the last session of Congress refused
to approve in spite of earnest ad-
ministration efforts to obtain the
changes.
2. Conclude that the present act
gives him a free hand and wait until
the regular session of Congress for
asking the revision
Several days before the German
movement on Poland early Friday,
Assistant Secretary of State Berle
had prepared the proclamations
which the invocation of the act
would require.
OF course, it was not known then
that Germany would-as she seems
to be doing-follow the undeclared
war policy which the Kellogg
BRAND pact inspires and which
Japan has followed in China. Ger
many was one of the signers of the
pact-through DR.. Gustave Strese-
man-denouncing war as an in
strument Of national policy.
Workings Importance.
Informed persons here speculate
that it is conceivable Britain and
France can enter the hostilities
without formally declaring war.
They can resolve to support with
arms their guarantees to Poland
and join battle without admitting it
is battle
In such undeclared wars, it is a
fine question whether war" exists.
Here the wording of important
section l (a) of the Neutrality Act
enters the problem. The section
states:
Whenever the President shall
find that there exists a state of
war between, or among, two or more
foreign states, the President shall
proclaim such fact, and it shall
thereafter be unlawful to export, or
attempt to export, or cause to be
exported. arms, ammunition, or i'm
plements of war from any place in
the United States to any belligerent
state named in such proclamation,
or to any neutral state for trans.
Evening star., 1939-09-03
Viking Treasure Found

Jewelry buried with Viking chief
at Sutton Hoo, near Ipswich, Eng
land, has been found by government
Psychologists. The chief had been
buried with his boat, 50 feet long
Since the discovery police have
guarded the site where the treasure
was unearthed.
Evening star., 1939-09-03
BeIqiun Trotzkyist Held

BRUSSELS, Sept. 2 R.-The
Labor newspaper Peuple reported
tonight that the Trotzkyist leader
Walter Daugne, had been arrested
on charge of publishing posters
inviting soldiers to participate in a
social revolution.
Evening star., 1939-09-03

In oldtime baseball as played In
the l850s and 1905, 100 to so was a
good score and 1o3 to was a
trouncing.
Glacier County chief., 1939-10-13

is quite loose, the depths should be
increased an inch or so, to allow for
settling, and because of the increased
effect of frost heaving on newly turned
soil Also, late planted bulbs, which
have no opportunity to make roots
before the soil freezes, may be set
little deeper, to protect them from
frost action.
Tulips should be set to inches
deep. Narcissi need about the same
depth from the top of the bulb, but
owing to the different shape and
sometimes the much larger size, the
base of the bulbs is usually deeper
than the tulips. Snowdrops and scillas
should go down about to 3 inches.
CrocuseS should have 2 inches of soil
over them. The erythroniums need
about inches of cover. So does Fritil-
laria meleagris. Anemones for cold
frame planting need only an inch Of
soil.
The lilies need the deepest planting,
and most of them can go as deep as
Z to 10 inches with good results. The
distance apart is rather elastic, but in
general 5 inches is the closest any of
them should be planted.