davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1939-09-14
Balkan Neura Anxosy Watch Manevers Of Larger Powers

and several other parts of the de-
tense program were laid out on q
two-year basis.
$1,000 Per Soldier.
The manufacture Of Army planes
already is being expedited volun-
tarily by manufacturers.
The 100000, 900 estimate of the
annual cost Of the Army and Navy
increases which Mr.. Roosevelt or
dered is based on the rule-of- thumb
basis that it costs $1,000 a year for
the pay and subsistence Of soldier.
Because the Nays pay is higher,
officials regarded the estimate as
conservative.
In his statement, Gen. Pershing
expressed hearty support" for Mr..
Roosevelt's order to increase the
Army and Navy personnel, and said
he hoped Congress would carry the
expansion to the authorized peace
strength limit.
II feel that this is especially neces-
sary in the case Of the Army, which
had been reduced since 1921, so far
as ground forces were concerned, to
mere skeleton of the peace estab-
lishment authorized by Congress in
the National Defense Act OF 1920"
Gen. Pershing said.
Evening star., 1939-09-14
By CONSTANTINE BROWN.

A "Siegfried" line is being built in
Washington with feverish haste.
Neither steel nor concrete is being
used in the construction of this forti-
f1cation-merely flesh and blood.
The main fortresses are called Nye,
Clark, Vandenberg, Borah and La
Toilette. Besides these there are a
number of more or less reliable pill
boxes which may be swept away by
a well-aimed artillery barrage from
the White House.
The purpose of this defense Is to
resist to the bitter end the admin
istration's attack against the present
neutrality bill. The strategists who
command the American Siegfried
line claim to have sufficient am
munition and power of resistance
to prevent an early break in its de-
fense. The line is not yet fully
manned, and won't be until Septem-
ber 81, when all Senators reach
Washington. The object of the de-
fense is twofold: To prevent any
change in the present neutrality
legislation and thus facilitate
keeping America out of the Euro
pean mess" and to make difficult
the nomination of President Roose-
welt for a third term.
There are two types of heavy artil-
lery the defenders of the line will
use. One will be that the present
neutrality law is Mr.. Roosevelt's S
own baby. During the Spanish civil
war Mr.. Roosevelt sent for the men,
bers of the Munitions Investigating
Committee and urged them to intro
duce-over the head of the Senate
Foreign Affairs Committee-a bill
embodying most of the clauses of the
present neutrality legislation.
In order to avoid a rumpus with
that powerful committee, two men,
bers of the Investigating Committee
CLARK and Nye-jointly introduced
a resolution which eventually be-
came the present neutrality law. At
that time everybody was happy
about it. Later, however, some of
the strongest advocates of the bill
which was ito keep America forever
outside the European mess" turned
against it, and because they were in
sympathy with the Spanish Loyal
lists urged repeal of the law. The
White House and the State Depart
ment opposed repeal. No action was
taken.
When a European war appeared
inevitable to the President he urged
the repeal of the irksome law. It
was the isolationist group which re-
fused to act this time.
Now the isolationists are going
to throw in the face of administra-
ton spokesmen that the law was
enacted at their urging for the
obvious reason of keeping America
Evening star., 1939-09-14
First of 66 New Ships
Will Be Launched
BY the Associated Press

By the Associated Press.
OAKLAND, Calf, Sept. 14.-Em-
phasizing the return of large-scale
shipbuilding activities in California,
the 100000 Sea Arrow, 495-foot
C-3 type ship, will be launched to-
morrow.
The ship, first of Sc to be con-
structed on commission of the United
States Maritime Commission, was
built by the Moore Drydock Co.,
which will Immediately go to work
on a sister ship. The two were
awarded to Moore on bid of
s5,717,720, the largest order awarded
Pacific Coast yard since the World
War.
Evening star., 1939-09-14
EccIes Is Optimistic
Concerning Credits
BY the Associated Press.

by the Associated Press.
OGDEN, Utah, Sept. 14.-Aner.
leans need not fear credit restric-
tion because of developments in Eu-
rope, Mariner s. Eccles, chairman
Of the Federal Reserve Board, as
serted in a statement promising "the
continuation OF easy money indefi-
nitely."
I'm my opinion the country is
assured of supply Of funds far
more than adequate to meet every
credit demand that may be expected
to arise as the result Of outbreak OF
war abroad" he said.
Bank deposits and currency in
circulation are now billions Of dol
lars greater than any past totals, he
explained. Excess reserves Of the
banking system are approximately
5000, ,0O0, 900 with every prospect
that this unprecedented volume will
continue to increase"
Evening star., 1939-09-14
Movie Extrus in Crush

HOLLYWOOD, Sept. IA R).-A
bus carrying "a motion picture ex-
tras to a location set collided with
stalled truck today, injuring six
occupants-three seriously.
Truck and bus burst into flames
Men in the bus smashed windows
and rescued their woman compan-
ions. The most seriously injured
were identified as Bill (Scotty)
Brown, Bob Wilke and Oscar Cans
Evening star., 1939-09-14
Convenience for Conductors

Yugoslavia has issued more coins
of small denominations for the con-
venience of street car conductors in
Belgrade, who, because of the short
age of coins, had to give small
boxes of matches as change.
Evening star., 1939-09-14

Speeders start there. Careful
drivers get there.
Evening star., 1939-03-19
Debts Should Be Paid,
Garner Writes Texan
By the Associated Press.

NEW YORK, March 18.-The
New York Times. in q special dis
patch from washington, says Vice
President Garner wrote q Texas
clergyman yesterday that he be-
lieved IAN obligation assumed is to
be met" whether owed by an indi-
vidual. organization or nation.
The Vice President, the Times
said, had modified q 6-year r-old rule
against expressing himself on public
questions to give his views on debts
to the Rev. Paul B. Martin, pastor
Of q Wichita Falls, Tex, church, In
connection with the liquidation of
the indebtedness on q new church
building.
IF we look to good faith in the
individual, then to an equal or
greater extent should we be able to
expect good faith and honor q group
Of those individuals, whether they
be joined by economic, social or
spiritual bonds" the newspaper
quoted Mr.. Garner as writing. "As
the aggregate Of character Of the
citizens of . nation determines the
national character Of that nation,
50 does the collective character Of
the individual composing a group
determine the character Of that
group"
Mr.. Garner has maintained pri-
vately, the Times adds, that the
Federal Governments debt will
never be paid If recurring deficits
are allowed to build 1t higher and
higher."
Evening star., 1939-03-19
BY JAMES E. CHINN.

Plans for a new $55O,OOO bridge
carrying Massachusetts, avenue over
Rock Creek Parkway and construc-
ton of grade elevation that would
carry Fourteenth street over Maine
avenue S.W. in the vicinity of High
way Bridge have been tentatively
approved by the House Appropria-
tions Subcommittee in charge of the
1910 District Supply Bill, 1t was
learned last night at the District
Building.
At the same time, it was reported
at the Capitol the subcommittee
took under serious consideration a
proposal that all nonresident chill
dren attending the District public
schools be required to pay tuition.
There are now. according to infor-
nation given the subcommittee by
DR.. Frank w. Ballou. superintendent
Evening star., 1939-03-19
Dutch Officials Killed
In Crash Visited D. T.,

Peter Giulonard and A. g. Won
Baumhauer. Dutch airline oficials,
killed In the crash of a stratosphere
plane in the State of Washington
yesterday, were here last week after
short visit in New York, Count w.
van Rechteren Limpurg, counselor
Of the Netherlands Legation said
last night.
He said they came to the United
States to inspect American equip
ment for use on the K. L. M. route
from Holland to the Netherlands
East Indies. They did not visit any
Government ofacials here, he said,
their interests being confined to
commercial planes only.
SEATTLE, March 1s (R.-Presencs
Of a Dutch air mission in Seattle
was undisclosed even to the Neither
lands Consulate here. until the
deaths In q Boeing stratoliner crash
today Of the mission members.
A. Vanderspek, consul here for.
the Netherlands. said he was ad.
vised unofncially several weeks ago
that another Dutch air ministry
ohicial. G. A. F. Falkenhagen, was
coming to the United States on
important government business"
with Won Baumhauer, but that
Vanderspek had not heretofore
heard OF Guilonard.
Evening star., 1939-03-19
Second Soap Box Derby
To Be Held This Summer
Winner to Go to Finals at Akron, Ohio:
Boys 10 to IS, Inclusive Are Eligible

Calling all cars-boys' cars-for
the 1899 Soap Box Derby.
Here is the news hundreds Of boys
in Washington and nearby Mary
land and Virginia have been waiting
to hear.
Washington's second annual Soap
Box Derby will be held this summer.
1t will be sponsored again by The
Star and the District department
Of the American Legion. The win
ner, as last year, will represent the
Capital in the All-American Soap
Box Derby at Akron, Ohio.
Boys from 10 to is years old, in
elusive, who live in or near Wash
ington, are eligible for the derby.
Last year boys . years old were
eligible, but in the interest Of safety,
the low age limit this year is 10.
Read The Star carefully from now
On for derby tnformation> You viii
Evening star., 1939-03-19
Reich, Calling Home
Envoy, Spurns Two
Powers Protests
Neiehbors Of Germany
Show CONSERVATION
Over Events
hy the Associated Press,

BERLIN, March 18.-Germany
tonight promptly rejected British
and French denunciations of her
conquest of Czecho-Slovakia, declar-
ing they Lacked every political, le-
gal and moral basis"
AT the same time Chancellor Hit
Ter called nome his Ambassador to
London, TIeroert Won Ditksen, ito
make report" reciprocating action
taken by Britain yesterday in call
Ing her Berlin envoy back to Lon
don.
The government announced that
its rejection of the British and
French denunciations had been de-
livered to the British and French
Ambassadors, who earlier in the day
had presented notes charging that
Germany's course in Czecho- Slo-
vakia was illegal and violation of
the Munich agreement.
These developments occurred as
reports of CONSERVATION came from
states neighboring the expanding
Nazi empire. The foreign ofice
watched the gathering cloud of crit
icism imperturbably.
Criticisms Thrown Back.
The controlled press bitterly threw
back criticisms to the democracies.
The National Zeitung of Essen, in
which Field Marshal Hermann Will
helm Goering is interested, said in
Its Sunday edition that "examina.
ton in Prague. of certain political
documents in the last few DAYS has
demonstrated forcefully the hypoc-
risy OF the English policy in the
(Czecho-Slovak) question"
It added that Germany had SOUGHT
Britain's friendship for years and
received threats for an answer.
Therefore one should not be sur
prised in London if Germany draws
therefrom suitable conclusions.
"Out Of the entire mass of hypo-
critical attacks and political actions
which now are directed against the
Reich" the paper continued, Ger
many draws this conclusion:
Against the entirety of threats
Germany places the entirety of her
defense.
Significance in Documentx
Voelkischer Beobachter also spoke
Of documents found In Prague
which 1t said would play a "signifi-
cant role in the history of these
moving times"
It declared that pr;tist, r3,n,.~.
had supported Benes former
Czecho-S -Slovak President Eduard
Benes) In his deranged course from
May Nay to September. 1882" and
I'VE are acquainted also of letters
from Benes to important Czech per-
sonalities which indicate it was the
idea nourished by England to bring
(See BERLIN, Page A-4,)
Evening star., 1939-03-19

be given full details later. Today's
announcement is the signal to get
SET"
Rule books and entrance blanks
for the 1899 derby are not yet ready.
They are expected soon, however,
and when they arrive, there will be
q special announcement in The Star.
Boys who are already building their
1889 coaster racing cars should pro-
ceed carefully until they read and
know the 1899 rules for the ALL
American Soap Box Derby.
The time and place for this years
Washington Soap Box Derby will
be announced later. Last year the
first derby was held July q, on the
down-hill course over New Hamp-
shire avenue NE, In front of the
Eastern Star Home. It rained all
day, but 1t was still a big day In the
(eee DERBY, PAGE A-6)
Evening star., 1939-03-19
Massachusetts Avenue Bridqe
Ending 'BottIeneck Planned
Maine Avenue Project Also Gets Tentative
Approval; Nonresident Tuition Studied

OF schools. 2.400 nonresident pupils
who escape tuition charges because
their parents work in the District.
Those children whose parents are
not employed in the District must
pay tuition under schedule of rates
based on the actual cost of instruc-
ton.
DR.. Ballou in his testimony before
the subcommittee yesterday said the
cost of instruction to the District of
nonresident pupils who are not pay
ing tuition amounts to about 5000 900
year.
Both of the proposed new highway
projects are designed primarily to
eliminate bad traffic "bottlenecks'
where jams occur daily.
Construction of the Massachu-
sets avenue bridge will relieve con-
gestion along Rock Greek Parkway
(See APPROPRIATION. Page A-19
Evening star., 1939-03-19
Economy Threatens
SIum Clearance and
Housing Program
House Action Would
Force Abroeotion Of
Millions in Contracts
BY NELSON M. SHEPARD.

The Governments $500 900 900
slum clearance and low-rent urban
housing program, until recently one
OF President Roosevelt's least criti-
cized reforms, faces a crucial test in
Congress.
Democratic supporters are both
aroused and alarmed over the ac-
ton last Wednesday by House Re-
publicans that threatens to force the
abrogation of millions of dollars in
existing loan contracts for housing
in scores of cities. New York City,
with $40,000.O 900, and Washington,
with $6,6o0,000 at stake, are in
cluded.
An amendment was added to the
United States Housing Authority
section of the Interior Department
supply bill that would reduce the
5000 and $4,000 limits of dwelling
cost in large and small cities to
$500. 1t seeks to accomplish this
by restricting the annual contribu-
tions to dwellings which do not ex-
ceed this overall cost. Put through
by tellers' vote of 107 to 90, the
amendent strikes at the vitals of
the United States Housing Act, in
which approximately 155 cities al
ready are participating.
Straus Sounds Warning.
A warning was Immediately
sounded by Administrator Nathan
Straus of the U. S. H. A., who in
formed the House Appropriations
Committee the amendment would
result in abrogating $346, ,460, 900 in
Evening star., 1939-03-19
D. {. Child Welfare
Program Criticized;
S636,660 Asked
Citizens Advisory Group
And ConsuItunt
Make Report
BY DON S, WARREN.

Blunt criticisms of inadequacies
Of the Districts child care programs
were registered yesterday by a citi-
zens' advisory group and a nation
ally known consultant in a report
to the Commissioners urging sweep
ing revisions of the plan and an in
crease of roughly 60 per cent in ap-
preparations.
A budget of $3.50, $50 was recon-
mended as means of accomplishing
a minimum of improvement, includ-
ing coordination of services, ex-
pansion of personnel and physical
facilities and adoption of new
services now denied the Districts
neglected or delinquent minors.
Changes in plan, methods and legal
practices also were suggested.
The group and the consultant
found the District once was a pioneer
In methods of child care, but crypti-
cally asserted it was difficult to un-
derstand why the program has re-
malned In a static condition during
the last two decades, or longer"
Based on Kepecs Survey.
The report is based on a survey
by. Jacob Kepecs. head of the Jewish
Child Agency of Chicago, a former
president of the Child Welfare
League of America. and was adopted
by the Child Welfare Review Ad-
v1sory Committee. headed by Mark
LanSburgh. Other members of the
advisory body were: James E. Colli-
hover, Joshua Evans, Mai. Campbell
johnson. Daniel w. ODonoghue. tr.
DR.. Luther H. Reichelderfer. John
E. Laskey. John B. Colpoys, Mrs.
Spencer Gordon. Mrs. Milton W.
King. Mrs. Louis Gutenberg and
George o. Vass.
The group and the consultant
recommended. in connection with its
oudget plan, proposed centralization
OF all child care activities under a
general superintendent of an en-
larged Child Welfare Division of the
Board OF Public Welfare. and the
creation of four main divisions under
1t: The central administration. a
unit Tor protective and special serv-
ices, a child-placing unit and a unit
Tor case work services to children in
institutions.
To emphasize the size of the
present problem, the survey group
reported there were 2,003 juveniles
assigned to the Board of Public Wei.
fare for care, correction or rehabili-
tation on February is. Some 1,400
were In foster homes.
Below Accepted Standards.
The present child care program.
1t was found, is far below accepted
standards and procedures. The
stan was found to be inadequate to
conserve families when threatened
with a bre1k-up; intelligent plan
ming was held to be lacking due to
the absence of coordination of
efforts, and excessive" case loads
placed on workers were held to pre-
vent necessary vigilance and care.
1T appears that the child care
program has been treated with in
difference by authorities of the
District" the report continued. 1T
has failed to keep pace with changes
and developments, and is now con-
(sse CHILD WELFARE, Page A-is.)
Evening star., 1939-03-19
Committee Report
Asks No Age Limit
For Government Job
Prejudice Against Older
Workers Unfounded,
Miss Perkins Told

Declaring that "the prejudice
against hiring older workers ap-
pears largely on inadequate or err
roneous information" the Commit
tee on Employment Problems of
Older Workers. reporting yesterday
to Secretary of Labor Perkins, rec
commended that the Federal Govern
ment might set good example and
justifiably help meet the problem
by abolishing the entrance age limit
for Government employment.
In addition, the committee urged
private employers who have been
applying age measurement to job
applicants to discontinue this in
favor of other qualifications.
The committee, including promi-
nent industrialists, labor leaders and
educators in its membership, was
appointed year ago by the Secre-
tary Of Labor to consider the din
culties experienced by older per-
sons in finding employment, to in
duire into the basis for the apparent
prejudice against older applicants
and to suggest possible remedies.
Plight Increasingly Serious"
Without means to make original
field surveys, it used for its work
data furnished by a number of CO.
operating concerns concerning their
operating experience with employees
OF different age groups, the 1887
unemployment census and certain
studies made by the Works Progress
Administration.
Pointing out that the 1897 census
showed unemployment most extern
sive in the age group. 20-24, the re-
port said that nevertheless there is
emple evidence that the plight of
the jobless over IS is becoming "in-
creasingly serious"
while older workers are on the
whole favored by seniority rules and
general personnel policy" it added,
nevertheless when once they are
displaced-whether by lay y-off, tech
nological unemployment, mergers,
shut-downs or other impersonal
causes-they find real difficulty in
securing Unemployment. Workers
between 40 and the retiring age are
handicapped in three ways: BY to-
days general unemployment, by the
prejudices Of employers and by their
own fears"
To combat the theory that work.
ers past 40 are less desirable than
the more youthful. the committee
says that IAN examination of fac
tual data on productivity, accident,
sickness, group insurance and pen
sion plans has led us to the con-
clusion that there is little signif1-
cant relationship between age and
COSTS"
Records Back Earning Power.
Records on productivity, it was
explained, are too incomplete to
warrant any general conclusion, but
1T is however significant that none
OF the records studied derived from
several entirely different lines of
skilled work. showed q decline in
earning power with advancing age;
IN some instances the productivity
OF older workers was found to be
actually greater than that of
younger employees" 1t was agreed
that In occupations requiring
strength and physical endurance,
/0.. Y11 1~Y 800 @V7@Yr-
Evening star., 1939-03-19
5000 Truck Drivers
Called on Strike
D the Associa ted Press.

Dy the Associated Press.
BOSTON, March 18.-Three thou
sand Rhode Island truck drivers
were called out on strike tonight
after all-day conciliation conferences
with Massachusetts,, Rhode Island
and Connecticut officials here failed
to break . wage contract deadlock
involving 10000 drivers and 1900
truck owners in the three States.
Joseph 8. Prior, Providence, r. L.,
Truck Union "a. F. L. president,
said only trucks carrying perishable
food or those of owners who signed
Q proposed contract granting drivers
hourly wage increases averaging nine
cents would be allowed to operate.
Evening star., 1939-03-19
AirpIone Helps Catch
8 Escaped Convicts
By the Associat ted Press.

MONTGOMERY, Ala, March 18.
An airplane flying low over q
dense swamp aided bloodhounds and
scores of officers in retrieving seven
of eight Kilby Prison convicts who
fled amid buckshot today.
OF the seven captured, one bore
wounds from the gunflre. None was
hurt seriously.
When the first alarm was spread,
w. M. Marks, manager of the mu-
nicipal airport, joined the search,
dipping his plane at the prisoners
to guide land pursuers. Kilby war;
dens credited Marks with finding
three men.
Evening star., 1939-03-19
DictatoriaI Powers
Voted for Da|adier
By French Chamber
Carol Reported to Have
Told France He Will
Resist Hitler
BY the Associated Press

PARIS, March 18.-The Chamber
OF Deputies voted Premier Daladier
unprecedented dictatorial powers
tonight as informed quarters dis
closed a French-British move to en-
list Soviet Russia's said in a triple
front against German economic
pressure on Rumania.
The sweeping decree powers M.
Daladier demanded to enable
France to move as fast as the die
tatorships passed by vote of 321
to 264 in the Chamber. Senate ap-
proval at tomorrow's session was
considered a foregone conclusion.
In another move to put the ma
tion's defenses in order, the premier
called an emergency cabinet session
for tomorrow at which members of
Parliament said he would ask ap-
proval of DEGREES calling to the
colors specialists from a number of
military service classes.
Sources close to M. Daladier said
that the cabinet would decide how
far France and Britain could 20
IN supporting Rumania against
Hitlers Eastern drive.
Carol Willing to Resist.
French sources said, meanwhile,
that King Carol of Rumania had
advised Britain and France of his
willingness to resist Chancellor
Hitlers eastward drive if they could
provide markets for Rumanian ex-
ports Of which Germany now is the
greatest purchaser.
The Rumanian monarch was said
to have asked Paris and London
for reply within 48 hours on what
support they could give against the
Nazi drive. Thereupon the two gov
ernments, these sources said, asked
Moscow If the Soviet Union would
join them in buying from Rumania
to block Hitler. =.
Besides the far-reaching action
taken In the Chamber of Deputies,
the days swift developments In
cluded the dispatch of a denuncia-
tory note to Berlin, In concert with
Evening star., 1939-03-19

Col. Hurban is relying on the
precedent established here after the
Russian Revolution. The United
States did not recognize the Soviet
regime for IA years. During part of
this time the Russian Embassy at
11l9 Sixteenth street remained as a
symbol Of the overthrown Kerensky
government and afterward was held
In trust by the State Department