davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1939-03-08
5|ovak Independence
Hopes Fade Before
German Opposition
Clumor Seen Continuing,
However, Until Reich
Abondons Program

By the Associated Press.
PRAGUE, Czecho- Slovakia, March
Amy immediate hope Of some
Slovak political factions for an in
dependent Slovakia has vanished In
the face Of German disinclination
to take on q new economic burden,
informed sources believe.
However, autonomous Slovakia,
with Its recurrent demand for full
independence. will remain q major
problem for the diminished second
republic OF Czecho- -Slovakia, 1t was
felt by these sources, unless Ger
many abandons her program in
Eastern Europe.
The swift developments which fol-
lowed dismemberment OF Czecho-
Slovakia after the September war
scare gave Slovakia and Carpatho-
Ukraine autonomous governments,
but they did not quiet the clamor
in some Slovak circles for complete
independence.
The Slovak cabinet, headed by DR..
Joseph Tiso, has been split on the
question. Tiso, leader OF the Slovak
Peoples party, has advocated re-
naming within the republic. Sep
aratist movements were led by Min
lister of Economics Ferdinand Dur
chansky and Sano Mach, director
OF the propaganda department.
The matter came to a head last
week when the central Czecho-Slo-
yak government accused the Slovak
regional government at Bratislava
OF arbitrary action" and called the
Slovak Ministers to Prague for dis
cussiOns. Another meeting was
scheduled late this week.
Durchansky and Finance Minister
Jan Pruzinsky made a trip to Ber-
lin, presumably to see what the
Reich would do in the way of fos-
tering an independent Slovakia
which has a budget deficit Of 80O,-
600 1000 Czech crowns. CThe crown
currently Is worth 3.4 cents.)
The answer apparently was not
very promising, political observers
here believed. An announcement
soon came from Bratislava that
the Slovaks intended to settle their
troubles within the framework of
the autonomous governments con-
StitutiOn.
Evening star., 1939-03-08
London
Continued From First Page.)

nor upon any theory of limited LA
bility.
conversations between ourselves
and the French concern always
plans for defense and not aggres-
sion"
He added that home defense
would remain the chief considera-
ton Of his department.
In the past IL months, he went on,
officers and men of anti-aircraft
units have been doubled, gun en-
placements have been increased and
store and mobilization centers built.
This year, he disclosed, the anti
aircraft corps will be increased from
five to seven divisions.
The minister declared that a start
already had been made in strength
ening outlying empire military
posts, wherever possible by the en-
listment of native soldiers, in order
to make the regular army units
available elsewhere He gave as an
example the recruiting of ! 100 men
for garrison service In Malta and
said the same principle was being
followed In Cyprus, Singapore, Hong
Kong and Ceylon.
Britain will discard the old system
OF having a single strategic reserve
in the United Kingdom for the
whole empire. he said. adding that
an additional reserve would be es-
tablished in the Middle East. part
Of which would be formed by two
divisions now in Palestine, for use
anywhere in that area. Exact ar
rangements await results of a de-
Tense survey in India.
Evening star., 1939-03-08
Defense
Continued From First PageD

tCOntln(eQ from tIfSC PaRe.)
to start without delay two record
size battleships of possibly $4,000
tons came from Admiral William D.
Leahy. He said We probably will
discuss this with the House Appro-
priations Committee" when hear
ings open this month on the Navys
$700, 100000 budget for the next year.
After testimony that Japan
planned or had started battleships
larger than the $4,000 tons per-
mitted by now defunct treaties. Con-
gress last year authorized three adj
ditional capital craft of $4,000 tons.
The President was empowered to
decide whether they should be built
to match developments abroad.
Would Match Japan.
Admiral Leahy indicated at a
press conference yesterday that
Japan's announcement of intention
to expand its fleet within six years
to match either the American or
British sea strength would result in
recommendations that the Navy's
ship-building program be speeded up
proportionately.
The present authorized program
enviSons 18 modern under age" bat
tleships within the next eight or
nine years, aside from almost as
many too outmoded for a first-line
position
In approving the Army expansion
bill, the Senate authorized total
of 5000 planes for the Army Air
Corps. The House had voted for
limit of $500.
Another Senate change would
limit to 10 per cent the profits to
manufacturers who benefit from the
measure. and third would deny
contracts to manufacturers who re-
strain collective bargaining by their
employees.
$4,000. 900 for Planes.
The bill authorizes $4,000, 900 for
new planes. $13O 900 900 for aviation
personnel and equipment, s34, ,5OO,-
600 for orders designed to educate
manufacturers regarding Army
needs and $23 100000 for improving
Panama Canal defenseS.
On final passage of the Senate
bill, 81 Democrats. II Republicans,
one Progressive, one Farmer-Labor-
ite and one independent voted
AYE"
The eight who voted against the
bill were from six inland States:
Senators Clark of Idaho, Clark OF
Missouri and King of Utah. Demo-
Gratis; Borah of Idaho. Capper of
Kansas, Nye and Frazier of North
Dakota, Republicans, and Shipstead
OF Minnesota. Farmer-Labor. In ad-
dition. Senator Reed. Republican,
Kansas, was paired against the bill
Evening star., 1939-03-08
D. {. Woman Permitted
To Cancel University Gift
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press
MADISON, Wis, March 8.-The
decision of Miss Clara Opper of
Washington, D. c., to withdraw a
gift of $500 and the proceeds OF
IS 900 insurance policy was approved
unanimously today by the University
OF Wisconsin Board of Regents.
The bequest. which provided the
funds be used for loans to Christian,
Protestant, white women enrolled at
the university. precipitated an up
roar at the February board meeting.
and reverberations were heard later
in the State Legislature.
Regents and legislators opposed
to acceptance argued the gift would
make the university a party to
racial issue. inasmuch as it excluded
Jews. Catholics and Negroes from
benefits.
Evening star., 1939-03-08
Police Hurl Tear Gas
To Disperse Pickets
Al Pro-Franco Rally
Several Hurt in Fighting
Outside Los Angeles
CothoIic Meeting
By the Associated lYess,

By the Associated iIsss.
LOS ANGELES, March s.-Police
tear gas, hurled as at least half
q dozen persons were hurt in street
fighting, broke up . belligerent line
Of radical pickets last night at
Catholic-sponsored meeting which
praised the Franco regime In Spain.
The riotous demonstration oc-
Cured in front Of the Wiltshire
Ebell Club Theater, where Aileen
OBrien, formerly e nurse with the
Spanish Nationalist army, spoke
under the auspices Of the Catholic
Theater Guild with the authorize
ton Of Archbishop John J. Can't
we'll.
Two police officers suffered eye
burns from the gas bombs, some
Of which were thrown back at po-
lice by the 200 or more pickets.
Jostled as they tried to leave the
meeting, John Ganey, 26, was struck
In. the forehead with a stick and
Miss Marily O'Brien, II, not related
to the nurse, was knocked down
and suffered a sprained knee.
Brandished to the accompaniment
OF booes and Misses were banners
reading, "Franco's Child Welfare
Program: Bombarding Orphans"
and Franco Will Destroy Religious
Liberty"
The first clash, police said, started
when Catholic students and others
tried to open up entrances through
the picket line. Ignoring a police
demand to disperse. the demonstra-
ton continued. Officers replied with
tear gas.
Evening star., 1939-03-08
Presidents Ship
Sunk by Enemy
| In War Games
Ay fbr Aeeaoiotad praee

BY the Associated Press.
Admiral William D. Leahy, chief
OF naval operations, disclosed yes
terday that the cruiser Houston
with President Roosevelt aboard,
was theoretically sunk by an EN-
emy" submarine in the war games
In the Caribbean.
The Houston. Admiral Leahy said
was entering the harbor of Char
lotte Amalie. Virgin Islands, to take
aboard mail for the President. The
submarine attacked just outside the
harbor, firing an imaginary torpedo.
1T sank us very effectively" AM
Evening star., 1939-03-08
House Probe Of Rings
Smuggling Aliens
Recommended
Action Clears Way
For Early Vote on
Investigation

81 the Associated Press.
"A Congressional investigation OF
well organized rings" said to be
smuggling aliens into this country
was recommended yesterday by the
House Rules Committee.
The committee cleared the way for
early House consideration OF legis-
lation to authorize the inquiry after
hearing testimony that many of the
aliens are smuggled in as bogus"
members Of steamship crews.
Chairman Dickstein of the House
Immigration Committee declared
that "for a price" ship captains and
other officers signed foreigners as
members of their crews and that the
aliens disappeared as soon as they
reached the United States.
The immigration Committee
would conduct the inquiry.
Representative Schultz. Democrat,
Of Indiana, author of the resolution
calling for the inquiry. told news
men the committee would prove "a
ring" operates in Cuba which
dumps" Europeans into Florida. A
similar ring dealing in Asiatics op-
crates In San Francisco, he said.
ALIENS are coming across the Ca
madam and Mexican borders with
no one trying to stop them" Repre-
sentative Schultz added.
In addition to the smuggling ques-
ton. the resolution would authorize
the immigration Committee to study
the need and feasibility of revising
and codifying all the immigration
and naturalization laws with a view
to simplifying the enforcement task;
The question of dual nationality and
all other phases Of the immigration
problem.
Evening star., 1939-03-08

miral Leahy said. "The first we
knew Of it was signal
The Houston, part of the defend
ing force, would not have entered
the harbor except to get the Pres
ident's mail, and SO the war games
umpire ruled that she could 60 back
into the games again.
Asked about the sinking" at his
press conference, Mr.. Roosevelt said
the warship was torpedoed not once
but twice.
Evening star., 1939-03-08
Dr.. Rowe to Discuss Lima

DR.. L. S. Rowe, director general
of the .Pan-American Union, will
discuss "The Larger Significance of
the Lima Conference" Friday night
at the University of Pennsylvania in
Philadelphia.
Evening star., 1939-11-02
The Hartford Courunt

On Sunday the Hartford Courant
published an edition Of two hundred
twenty-six pages, commemorating
the completion of one hundred sew
enty-five years of continuous pub
lication. In this respect it is the
oldest paper in the United States.
Founded in the year Of world turmoil
which intervened between the close
of the French and Indian War and
the Stamp Act Congress, the Courant
has held steadily to its position Of
leadership in public opinion through
the great peaks and valleys of the
Nations history.
Its external tradition is note
worthy. The first issue devoted a
major portion Of its space to the
war Of nerves" which then involved
most Of Europe, particularly Spain,
Austria, France and England, and
which led eventually to the first par
tition Of Poland. The Courant
covered" the causes Of the Revolu-
ton, General Israel Putnam was one
Of its war correspondents, It pub
nshed the Declaration Of Indepeud-
Evening star., 1939-11-02
Saints in Silver

I wonder If the saints in silver vesture,
So pure and shining in eternal light,
Remember tattered robes long, long
discarded,
And su1erings which heaven can scarce
requite.
I wonder If the saints who tread the
pavements 2
OF crystal bordered by the damask rose
Remember dusty roads Of ancient cities
Or how the humble violet's blossom
grows.
I wonder If the saints in azure dawnings,
For whom each morn Is resurrection day,
Remember old-tirne horrors Of awak' ming
To torture, they the mad arenas prey. !,
I wonder II sweet Mary, dear, beloved, /.
Folded In fairest, finest robe Of blue, I
Still sees the cloak upon the SKULL like
hilltop, 3
And dice the callous Roman soldier.
threw. eoPHRONIA FULLER.
Evening star., 1939-11-02

divided by the park. The demand is
a reasonable one from the point Of
need for such service, particularly at
certain hours Of the day, but 1t in
wolves q problem which is not to be
solved simply.
At present networks Of main street.
car and bus lines connect each of the
sections with the business district,
and series Of short routes act as
feeders on each side of the park.
But the only way to cross the barrier,
which is the park, at least by means
Of public transportation, is to make q
long journey nearly to the shopping
district and transfer back.
On the other side Of the picture is
the position of the transit company.
The potential revenue from cross
town traffic is speculative, and the
question of whether or not the COM
pany should be required to operate
such a service at a loss involves not
only public convenience and neces-
sity, but public interest. Thousands
have signed petitions asking for
such service, but whether they were
probable daily users of such service,
or occasional passengers, or mere Pc
tition s.gners, naturally cannot be
determined.
Undoubtedly many individuals
would be benefited every day and
thousands more occasionally. Per-
haps a clue to the exact possibilities
will be revealed in the tabulation of
the hundred thousand questionnaires
which were circulated in September
to determine the traffic and trans
portation needs of the city.
Evening star., 1939-11-02
Equal Pay for Fire
Department Urged.
To the Editor af Tn lGas.
TO the Editor Of The Star:


May ask the cooperation of your
valuable paper toward having Congress
enact legislation placing the captains,
heutenants and sergeants Of the District
Fire Department on an equal pay basis
with the same graded and ranking odi-
GERS Of the Police Department? The
men Of the Fire Department have to
assume the same responsibilities as do
those Of the Police Department. They
are also subjected to punishment and
criticism for any errors or mistakes
made while performing IRE duty. Hence
my insistence that they be paid equally.
In my opinion 1t is unfair to discrimi-
nate against the Fire Department. AL
other members Of both Police and Fire
Departments receive an equal pay base
annually. trust your paper. the Com
missioners, al business and citizens as
sociations, civic groups and other bodies,
together with the citizens and property
owners of the District Of Columbia win
unite and advocate that Congress enact
the legislation requested. It's worthy
and just cause and should meet with
the approval Of Congress.
octobsr -. HENRY =. ASH.
Evening star., 1939-11-02

while encouraging its colonial expansion.
Thus engaged in these far-flung enter
prises, she was harmless to Germany,
besides spending blood and treasure
which otherwise might have become
available for a German war.
Statesmen, even great statesmen, al
ways hew to the line, not of abstract
justice, but of present necessity. He who
was harmless yesterday may be danger
today, or possibly tomorrow. This of
course, is old-time stun and of interest
only to some. The great majority wants
plenty Of battle, murder and sudden
DEATH" Well, right now they have their
wish. FRED VETTER.
November
Evening star., 1939-11-02
THIS AND THAT
By Charles =. Traceaoell.

Suburban correspondent informs u
that friend with sick turtle had been
told by the Bureau Of Fisheries that
bit Of halibut or cod liver oil would
help 1t.
Turtles eyes had closed" says the
letter. Became well and has not been
sick since. Was also advised diet SINH
lar to your article. Your advice more
complete regarding diet, and varied"
Oils containing concentrated vitamins
A and d are worth trying on Ill aquatic
creatures.
Not many cases, however, viii turn
out as fortunately.
Mostly, the results are exactly noth-
ing at all.
Did you ever try prying q turtles
jaw open and pouring cod liver oil down
its throat?
It's worse attempting to dose . hsh.
The slippery creature is grasped In
a net, by the wiggling hind portion, then
the medicine dropper is poked In the
animals mouth, whether or no.
In the general excitement few drops,
heaven knows how many, are put down
its throat.
After soaring the fish nearly to death,
the doctor" throws 1t back into the
tank, where 1t covers behind the plants
for the rest Of the day.
Any fish, sick or not, II consulted
about this process, would affirm its >un-
dying hatred Of it.
1t would be right, too, for the chances
of the dose doing it any good are ex-
tremely small.
Some enthusiasts have even advo-
Gated pouring repeated doses of oil into
the water, In the belief that the fish, in
drinking" would get its daily shot Of
vitamins
The trouble with all such dosage lies
In the fact that few keepers of pet
aquatic animals have any real idea in
the world what is wrong when one of
the creatures becomes Ill.
II turtles are still eating, bits Of meat
might have drop of oil placed on
them, but since the tortoises eat only
In water, the chances are that the oil
will be washed of before 1t Is swal-
lowed.
Then, as to the dose-who is the
human who really knows how many
drops to give . sick turtle, and how
often?
It must be shotgun treatment, at the
best.
OF course, 1t may turn out, as our
correspondent says, that success will
crown the effort.
At least 1t is worth trying. But do
not be too disappointed If nothing comes
Of it.
Think of all the treatments that are
given sick tropical fishes. and how few
times they really do any good
About the only standard remedy for
Evening star., 1939-11-02
Replies to Correspondent
On Bismarck and France.
ro tna Editor of Tha Atar.

70 the Editor Of The Star:
Bismarck's considerate treatment of q
defeated France 187) is the topic of a
letter to The Star by Mr.. w. K. That
writer quotes chapter and verse, and I
accept his statements, but subject to
some reservations.
Bismarck had what he wanted (Alsace-
Lorraine), and SO, as Mr.. w. z. says, he
permitted France to work out its internal
problems in its own fashion. This was
in 1871. But he kept his eye on her.
Noting that country's miraculous recov-
cry in q short time, he saw 0ermany's
security threatened once more and, &C
cording to diplomatic reports Of the time.
he planned as early as 1875 to provoke
hoetilties once more, to conduct
"blitzkrieg" and to remove the republic
for all time from the concert Of the
great powers.
note: In 1878 the Due de Decaxes,
then French foreign minister, showed
to Mr.. De Blowitz (then Paris corre-
spondent Of the London Times) . corn.
dental dispatch from the French Ann
b6ssador in Berlin In which the latter
warned his government that an attack
on France was being contemplated.
Then, quoting from memory now, the
British government, informed by the
Times, made representations to Berlin
and the matter was dropped. "0ood
Queen Vic" had objected.
Nevertheless, the Chancellor. taking
into account Frances dsstre for future
revenge, isolated the republic IN Europe,
Evening star., 1939-11-02

fresh-water fishes Is some addition Of
salt. with very mild antiseptic added.
This, with the raising of the tenn
perature Of the water, usually clears up
white-spot, so-called, and q few other
diseases.
Plain salt water will sometimes re-
ueve constipation.
The addition Of mercurochrome Is be-
neved by some to be helpful in certain
afntctions, but extreme care must be
taken in its use, and there Is no GER
tainty that the mixture will do more
than q plain salt solution.
Salt solution should never be tried on
turtles.
Nor should tnercurochrome, or other
antiseptics, even in the usual proportion
Of drops to the gallon.
Aquatic creatures suffer from many
ailments similar to those Of mankind,
but the treatments often cannot be the
same, for q variety of reasons.
Most often by the time the symptoms
are manifest to the eye, the fish or
other aquatic animal is too far gone
to help.
The more experience one has with
the aquarium the more he will realize
the truth Of this statement, we believe.
Often the most aid can be given by
simply withholding food.
Man is the only animal which in
sists in eating when it is really sick,
but he is not the only one-far from
(which will eat when Just a little
on the Ill side.
No, fishes eat when they shouldn't,
too. II no food is placed for them,
they will conserve all their energies
on the healing process.
The keeper should not imagine for
an instant that withholding food will
kill them.
In most cases they can go for weeks,
or even months. without food. This
is exactly what happens in nature, in
many seasons. Only one species of fish
can dry up In the mud and come to
life" years later, but all Of them are
so made by nature that they can live
for remarkably long periods without
food.
If turtles are plainly suffering from
lack Of raw or live food, this can be
remedied. Exposure to sunlight some
times Is helpful.
A few drops Of cod liver oil, or some
Of the concentrates, might be tried.
There is wide field for experimental
ton here. Even the medical men are
not willing to say that vitamins A and
D, for instance, will help prevent colds.
When vitamin concentrates work, they
work wonders, but in many cases only
disappointment is the result. This is
particularly true of treating aquatic
animals, whose exact states of illness
are seldom known. Sometimes vitamin
treatment is given credit which should
go to the withholding of food.
Evening star., 1939-11-02

ence ss . news item, and George
Washington was regular subscriber.
It has grown up, likewise, with the
newspaper profession. From hand
press to the Introduction Of steam
power and eventually to modern
multiple high-speed rotary machines;
from circulation confined principally
to the tables Of taverns to fast deliv-
cry into the majority of the homes
Of its trading ares; from the ro-
mantle, though not always depend
able, craftsman who set type by hand
to the batteries Of DISQUALIFICATION
brains" which turn out many times
more perfectly set lines, and, most
important, from tavern gossip and
personal letters to the gathering of
news by trained writer's and observ-
ers in all corners Of the world. All
these changes the Courant has wit
messed through the eyes of a partici-
pant, changes which have affected
not only the business of publishing
newspapers, but the lives of the ma
tions Of the world, because they have
made possible the rapid, complete
collection, selection and dissemina-
tion Of news.
All these are mere externals. The
true tradition of the Courant is re.
fiected in its anniversary edition and.
as well, in its regular daily editions.
That is the position of leadership it
has held so securely for a hundred
and seventy-flve years as reflected
in the confidence placed in it by its
advertisers and subscribers, The
basic standard Of journalistic quality
Is leadership through confidence.
There is only one test for this-yol-
ume Of advertising and the propor-
tion and type Of homes to which It is
welcomed.