davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Daily Alaska empire., 1939-03-15
UNITEI, STATES
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GENERAL LAND OFFICE
 District Land Office

Anchorage, Alaska.
 January 9, 1889. Notice is hereby given that George J. Bedner, has made application for homesite under the act of May 26, 1884, for tract of land situated on Tee Harbor about Is miles northwest of Juneau, Alaska Anchorage serial 0837O, U. 5. Survey No. 2266, con- tanning 4.60 acres, latitude 58' 24' 361 N. longitude 134 45' 30~ ". and it is now in the files of the U. s. Land Office Anchorage, Alaska.
 Any and all persons claiming ad- versely any of the above mentioned land should file their adverse claims in the U. s. Land Office, within the period of publication or thirty days thereafter, or they will be barred by the provisions of the Statutes.
 GEORGE A. LINGO,
 Register. First publication, Feb. l, 1859. Last publication, March %, l939.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1939-03-15
NOTICE TO CREDITORS

IN THE UNITED STATES COM MISSIONER $ (EX OFFICE PRORATE) COURT FOR THE TERRITORY OF ALASKA, JU4 NEAU COMMISSIONERS PRE- CINCT.
 In the Matter of the Estate of WILLIAM N. c. MIDDLETON. De4 ceased.
 NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN, That the undersigned was, on the 23rd day of December, 1938. duly ap- pointed administrator of the estate of WILLIAM N. c. MIDDLETON, deceased, and that letters of admin istration therefor on said day were duly issued to the undersigned.
 All persons having claims against said estate are hereby required to present the same, with proper vouchers, and duly verified. within six (6) months from the date of this Notice to the undersigned ad- ministrator at the office of his At torneys. R. E. Robertson and M. E. Monagle, at 206 Seward Building, Juneau Alaska.
 Dated at Juneau, Alaska, this 28th day of February, 1889.
 NICK SUCUI, Administrator. First publication, March 8, 1939. Last publication, March 29, 1889.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1939-03-15
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INFERIOR GENERAL LAND OFFICE
 District Land Office

Anchorage, Alaska
 September l3, 1888 Notice is hereby given that Lawr- ence Swanson, entryman, together with his witnesses William A. War wick and Gertrude Baggan, all of Juneau, Alaska, has made final proof on his homestead. Anchorage 07572, for tract of land situated on the north end of Douglas Island and the left bank of Fish Creek, en- braced in HE'S. No. 178, New Series No. 1548, containing 1883 acres, lati- tude 580 19' 45~ N. longitude 1340 35' 50~ w. and it is now in the files of the U. S. Land Office, Anchorage, Alaska, and if no protest is filed in the local land office within the period of publication or thirty days thereafter, said final proof will be accepted and final certificate issued.
 GEORGE A. LINGO,
 Register. First publication, Feb. l, 1889.
 Last publication, March 29, 1889.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1939-03-15
MRS. STEWART OPENING BOOK
 STORE, HOTEL

Irene stewart, wife of Dr. A. w. Stewart, was unpacking books today and filling the shelves of her new shop in the lower lobby of the Bar anof Hotel.
 Mrs. Stewart opens her store, for rentals and for sales, with 800 varied volume, among them some of the lest and most recent fiction.
 A brief glance at the shining cov- CTS of new books showed such vol umes as Tree of Liberty by Elizabeth Page, "Hosses" a collection of horsy tales by Zane Grey and others, Wickford Point, by J. R. Marquand (still running in the current is- sues Of the Saturday Evening PosD Action at Aquilla," by Hervey AL len, author of Anthony Adverse, Made in the U s. A." by Boake Carter, and others.
 It is the only book rental shop in Juneau. it is well planned, and fills an evident need
The Daily Alaska empire., 1939-03-15
DOUGHAS
 NEWS
DIED. OPEN HOUSE
 AFFAIR ON TONIGHT

Guests of honor at the open house entertainment arranged for tonight by the Douglas Volunteer Fire Department, will be the hon. orary firemen as well as the active members and their wives and the members of the Juneau Fire De- partment and their ladies All are ,lrged to attend
 A showing of motion pictures, starting at 8.30 o'clock, will be first on the program, to be followed by dancing and refreshments.
 An orchestra composed of Glen Edwards, piano; John Niemi, saxo phone; Martin Pedersen, accordion, and J. Bourne on the drums, will furnish music during the eve ming.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1939-03-15
NorthIand Brings 32
 To Juneau

Thirty . two passengers dlsem- parked from the motorship North land last night when that vessel arrived here from the south, II of the passengers from Seattle and 21 from Southeast Alaska ports. Ten sailed from here to Sitka.
 From Seattle passengers were Harry Ireland, Harriet Westlake. A. B. Mcbride. Merle Rhodes, Violet Maxion. Alene Sanderson, Walter Hellan, F. R. Townsend, Mrs. A. E. Mcbride, H. A. Hermanson, Mrs. Ray G, Day.
 From Southeast Alaska ports-N. l.. Freeman, George Valley, A, w.. Anderson, E. Hesketh, David Crock CT, Bue Hentze. w Gillian, P. j.. Fitzsimmons, Lizzie Bailey c. w Beveridge. Peter Runstad, Bishop J. R. Crimont, c. Gustafson, D. L. Cramer. Mrs. H. Sisson, John Greb- stad. Ss Carroll. S. Oaksmith, Jen- nie Runstad, V C. Bingham, C., Fredericksen.
 Sailing from here for Sitka were Lawrence Freeburn, Mrs. J. O. Eb- ing. Mrs. Mary Scramcher R. Lar son. F. H. McIntry, Mrs L. Sis son, c. B. Kennedy, Arthur Thom- as, Ed Shaeffer, Ethel Mcdonald.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1939-03-15
HOLDEN BUSY ON
 TUISE0UAH RUN

Ale1 Holden was to make two trips to the Polaris-Taku Mine at Tul- sequah today with the Marine Ar ways Fairchild, carrying passengers freight and air express.
 On today's first flight to the mine, passengers were Gordon Boyd, c. H. King, Joe Warga, and J. McCloud.
 Joe Brynelsen was scheduled to be the lone passenger to the mine on the second trip, erowding in with a load of eggs and fruit.
 Yesterday, Holden flew w. J. Etherington, John Gall. Axel Holm and T. Mage to the mine and brought back A. Levin, N. Towers and Pete Hamlin
The Daily Alaska empire., 1939-03-15
DART ARRIVES
 WITH } ABOARD

The motorship Dart, Capt. Herb Reaber, returned to port here yes- terday after seven days of rough weather and snow squalls, the decks well covered with ice.
 Three passengers came in. They were E. w. Christoe, from Baran- of; George Rcdmacher from Wash ington Bay, and George Rakoski, from Windham Bay
 The Dart will leave again tomor- row morning on it's short trip to Petersburg, Rake, Baranof and way ports.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1939-03-15
HERRING RUNNING
 STRONG Al S!TkA

Herring have been running strong for two weeks in Sitka's harbor, ac- cording to Dan Moller, manager of the Columbia Lumber Company's Sitka offices.
 Moller has been in town for the past few days on business and will return to Sitka tomorrow with AL. aska Air Transport pilot Shell Sim mons.
 Sitka is still booming" Moller says, and is looking forward to a busy summer"
 As for the herring, Moller said one seiner made a set directly in front of the Sitka wharves and took all the net would hold
The Daily Alaska empire., 1939-03-15
Erwin Will Open Franklin Street
 Cafe in Morning

J. w. Erwln is opening his popu- lar downtown cafe again tomor- row forenoon at II o'clock. it was announced today.
 Erwin said he would continue to serve club breakfasts and boarding house style lunches and q nners, specializing in home cooked food.
 The establishment has been closed for some time and has undergone remodeTing. with seating capacity considerably enlarged and table ar engagements varied The cafe will open as a Union house.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1939-03-15

onstration agent from the Univer- sity of Alaska, will talk to the seventh and eighth grade girls, also high school girls. next Friday af- ternoons If proper interest is mani fested in her subject. reformation of the All Club will be effected.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1939-03-15
MARINE NEWS
STEINER MOVEMENTS
. . . . !" S NORTHBOUND
10 steamer northbound.
 SCHEDULED SAILINGS


 Tongass scheduled to sail from . Seattle tonight. North Coast scheduled to sail . from Seattle March IT at 10 am . Alaska scheduled to sail from Seattle March IS at 9 am. . Princess Norah scheduled to . sail from Vancouver March 2l . . at pm. . Baranof scheduled to sail from . Seattle March g at 9 am. [ . SOUTHBOITND SAILINGS c Northland scheduled south e bound tomorrow evening. . Yukon scheduled southbound . next Monday. . LOCAL SAILINGS . Estebeth scheduled to sail every [ . Wednesday at 6 pm. for Sit e ka aud wayports. . Dart leaves every Wednesday . . at ' am. for Petersburg, Port . Alexander, Rake and way [ c ports \ 2 c
The Daily Alaska empire., 1939-03-15
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GENERAL LAND OFFICE
 District Land Office
Anchorage, Alaska .Illlv 25. 1938

Anchorage, Alaska.
 July 25, 1888 Notice is hereby given that James Henry Hewitt, has made application for aomesite under the act of May 26, 1884 t48 Stat. 809). Anchorage 08447. for tract of land situated along the Salmon River Highway about F mile N. from Hyder adjoin- ing Survey No. 1764 and Survey No. 1427, said land is embraced in Sur vey No. 2298. latitude 55 55' IF N. longitude 130 02' 15v w. containing 4.SO acres, and II is now in the files of the U. s. Land Office, Anchorage, Alaska.
 Any and all persons claiming ad- versely any Of the above mentioned land should file their adverse claims in the local land office at Anchor age, within the period of publication or thirty days thereafter, or they will be barred by the provisions of the Statutes.
 GEORGE A. LINGO, Register. First publication. Jan Is, 1889.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1939-03-15
FIELD TRIP MADE

A visit to Sully's Bakery in Ju- neau was made yesterday by the home economies class of the Doug las High School in conjunction with their study of foods and their pre- paration.
 Miss Frances Hess accompanied the girls on the trip.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1939-03-15

MISS MCDONALD TO SPEAK
 To secure funds for the purchase of table linen for use in the home economies department, members Of the class will sell home made candy at noon tomorrow at the school.
 Miss Ethel Mcdonald. home dem
The Daily Alaska empire., 1939-03-15
PUBLIC CARD PARTY

To be given by the Women of the Moose. Wednesday, at pm, in the LOOP Hall Whist, pinochle and bridge to be played Door prize
 public invited. adv.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1939-03-15
WATCHMAN IN

George Rodmacner, nnery watchman at Washington say, is an arrival in Juneau on the motor ship Dart.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1939-03-15
First publication, Feb. l. 1889.
 Last publication, March %, l9S9

Juneau, AlaSna. lAarc4l il. lyss. SPECIAL NOTICE is herspg g-Fen that the Bureau of Marine In pes ton and Navigation, Department oi Commerce. under date Of FaDeuars 28, 1899, gave authority under the Act of Feb l9, 1920. to change the name of the oil screw WOODROW to FERN II.
 Said vessel was built in 1919 .at Poulsbo, Washington; her official number is 21sO37; her gross tonnage is 27 her home port, Juneau, AL aska, owner. John Lowell, Juneau, Alaska
 JAMES J. CONNORS,
 Collector of Customs. Publication dates. March 1l-l3-l4- Is, 1939.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1939-03-15
uNI1Ep STATES
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE,INTERIOR GENERAL LAND OFFICE
 District Land Office

Anchorage, Alaska.
 January g, 1899. Notice is hereby given that Elmer Garnes. has made application for a homesite, Anchorage serial 08213, U. $. Survey No. 2256, situated in sec. 31, T. 50 s. R. 68 E. GRIM. con- taining 497 acres, latitude 570 30' N. longitude 134 34' 34~ w. and it is now in the files of the U. s. Land Office, Anchorage, Alaska.
 Any and all persons claiming ad- versely any of the above mentioned land should file their adverse claims in the U. S. Land Office, within the period of publication or thirty days thereafter, or they will be barred by the provisions of the Statutes.
 GEORGE A. LINGO.
 Register First publication, Feb. l. 1889. Last publication, March %, 1959
The Daily Alaska empire., 1939-03-15
TIDES TOMORROW

Low tide-4:13 am, 4.8 feet. High tide-10:18 am. 13.6 feet. Low tide-4:43 pm, Is feet. High tide-l1:08 pm, l38 feet.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1939-03-15

First publication, Jan. IS, 1889.
 Last publication, March Is, 1889.
The Valley settler., 1939-05-12
MAIL SERV CE
 GIL NGED

Duo to c temporary change in the boat s che dulo, the only out, going mail next week will close at 9:o.m. Monday May 18th. instead of Friday 18th.
 This informotion comes from the local Tost Offico. This change will be in effect for two weeks at which time tho regular service will Dc rcsWaed.
 No wook-ond boat for two weeks.
The Valley settler., 1939-05-12
"SOiETHING ATTEMPTED, SOMETHING
 DOME ii

Since the Co-op has taken ovor the management or the Meat Depart mont, several changes have already boon noticed. Monoger, L.C. Stock, anG Dire ctor Frank Woro pressed into Whito aprons end sopvico to assist in the mad rush to fill oroors arriving Thursday. The Sausage Kitchon, was billed high with attro ctivo cart ons to be fill cd with freshly made spicy sausage The Croonory Department also, under the management of Mr. Stock, is idering the manufacture of ot least one new product.
 Every possible offort is boing modo to cut un-no sary expense in this department. In tho future cream and oggs will be received up till l2 AIM. This arraneon1ont : allow thoso working in tho ere omo1y , timo to churn, onndlo eggs and peck produce without interrupt ion, making for better efficiency and service both to the Coop members end GUS tOmors.
The Valley settler., 1939-05-12

ACHIEVEMENT DAY BIG
 SUCCESS
 The Homemokert Is Clubs of the Matcnu8kC Valley, celebrated their annual kchiavement Day, Wednesd dry May 10, in the Cornun. - ity hall.
 Each Club cont ributed q stunt for the progren, t.7so 0 display Of the work accolaDli shed by club members during | ne year, The wonderful display Of knitting, needle work, cnd haEdic"cft WIs proof of enthus ioatic efforts. The Homemokors clubs are organ ized with the supervision and +. cooperation of | nc ExUonsion Service of he Territory Of Alaska, with Hiss TcDoncld as Home Demons trotion leader and Miss Hazel Zimmerman, District Home Demons trotion ASents ,Ir. L.Ts Oldroyd Director or Extons ion work in Agri cul tu1ae from the University of Alaska attended the celebration cnG gave ono inspiring thoughts in his tolk to the assembly,. &r. Oldroyd soid, nIhis is the fineGt .expres on of interest and most successful program which have ever attend- ed during all my years in the Extension Service. I never foil to toll other Conraunittes about the work you, as Eomomckers, are doing in the Motanuska Valley. During my re cent trip to Nash ington D. c., he'd the opportunit ty to visit with Vice President Garner end he e8pe cially ask questions about the people of the Valley and their progress" The program was one of the most amusing ever presented in this
 (oOr+ir r,1o1 oY1 1,a ro O1
The Daily Alaska empire. [volume] (Juneau, Alaska) 1926-1964, 1939-07-20
CHIR0pRA(TIC
BOARD TO HOLD
FIRST SESSION
New Territorial Board to
Organize at Meeting
Here This Week

First meeting of the newly Gre
ated Alaska Chiropractic Board will
be held in Juneau this week, DR..
M. Judson Whittier announced to-
day. Time of the meeting depends
upon the arrival from Fairbanks of
DR.. S. N. Bredlie.
The board will organize, elect Of
ficers and formulate rules for ex-
animation of applicants desiring to
practice chiropracty in the Terri
tory.
Members, recently appointed by
Gov. John w. Troy under terms Of
an act passed by the 1889 Legisla-
ture. are Whittier, for four-year
term; Bredlie, three-year term, and
DR.. August Decker of Juneau, two
year term.
The Daily Alaska empire. [volume] (Juneau, Alaska) 1926-1964, 1939-07-20
Linton Collins
Are Entertained
While in Capital

During their brief sojourn in this
city, Linton M. Collins, Special As
sistant to the Attorney General of
the United States and Mrs. Collins,
of Washington, D. c.. and Mrs. Col
Inns sister, Miss Emma Hardman
of Georgia, have been the incen-
tive for many social events.
Last evening a no-host dinner
at the George Folta summer home
on Lena Beach, complimented the
visitors. Twenty guests were asked
for the evening which was spent
informally.
This afternoon Mrs. Robert Ben
der is entertaining with a lunch
con at the Baranof Hotel honor
ing Mrs. Collins and Miss Hard
man.
Mrs. E. L. Bartlett and Mrs
Hugh j. Wade will be hostesses
this evening at the Bartlett home
on West Seventh Street. Twelve
guests have been invited for the
evening.
Guests at the Baranof Hotel, Mr.
and Mrs. Collins and Miss Hard
man will return to the States to-
morrow night on the steamer
Mount Mckinley.
The Daily Alaska empire. [volume] (Juneau, Alaska) 1926-1964, 1939-07-20
WATER SYSTEM
IS PROGRESSING
IN W. JUNEAU
Dam and Reservoir 10 Sup
ply so Homes Under
Construction

Development of pressure water
system of at leas fifty homes ca
pacity was announced today by Ev-
erett NOVEL; Of the West Juneau
Company.
The water system, which will
serve homes in the addition to Ju-
neau now being developed by the
company, is already under construc-
ton, with work progressing well on
installation of a dam and pressure
reservoir.
Source of the water supply is a
small spring fed creek which main
tains an even flow of water through
out the year. Tests of the water
have been made by sanitation di-
vision Of the Territorial Depart
ment of Health and it has been
found excellent in purity. Mr.. Now
ell stated.
The Daily Alaska empire. [volume] (Juneau, Alaska) 1926-1964, 1939-07-20
VICTOR MtLAGLEM
IS COMEDY STAR
IN COLISEUM hit

The Legion has landed and the
situation is wen out of hand
That was New York when the
American Legionnaires invaded the
big town for the most unconven-
tional convention since Broadway
belonged to the Indians Goth Cen
fury -Fox's boisterous comedy, Bat
tie of Broadway" ending tonight
at the Coliseum Theatre. is based ON
the bombardment of buffoonery per-
petrated by the ex-doughboys.
The Legion took over the city
lock, stock and beer barrel.
Victor tSez you'd McLaglen and
Brian zone punch Donlevy re-
enact much of the horseplay in
Battle of Broadway The two
toughest guys in the outfit, they
trade punches and wisecracks for
the favors of Louise Hovick. who
wreaks havic between them.
The Daily Alaska empire. [volume] (Juneau, Alaska) 1926-1964, 1939-07-20

HOLLYWOOD, Cal, July 2o.-The circus town,
circus unlike any you've before
on one of MMs back lots from all other
ccses because money wouldn't buy you
pass
Very serious business, this complete one assembled
Tor the Marx brothers to have "A Mammoth
elephants waiting in line for the swayng hyhicaly
IN the way OF elephants clowns in makeup
men and baoonvenders bareback tights fluffy
ruffes and Cossacks and white horses
tents flying remnants and midges song seeming
strut IN the way of mdgets acrobats and- acrobelles
Billy Rose? ladies of rapeze tight WIRE ana
one who walks upside down platform big top
The same and somehow different happened to
the ccses that used to tour the world
ing an event and celebration in large?
What's the matter with the circus. anyway / L.
Cronin the veteran circus charge
the picture Circus he started backyard
of the big tops bulhand
the biggest defrnct like the
What's the matter with the
Tins said Cronin, for thing And the bg-that
runs about $4,000 $4,000 The streamnng
To fit the modern Sreamlining wagons In pres
entaon Take look about here This circus we've
The Daily Alaska empire. [volume] (Juneau, Alaska) 1926-1964, 1939-07-20
STEAMSHIP LINES
ASKED TO QUOTE
RATES TO FAIRS
Reduction Requested by
Juneau, Ketehikan
Chambers
MIDNIGHT PREVTEW
high SCHOOL GIRL"
GUN LAW"
FLASH GORDON"

A request to steamship lines serv-
ing Alaska for reduced rates to
allow Alaskans to visit the Fairs at
San Francisco and New York was
made this week by the juneau
Chamber of Commerce, following
the lead of the Ketchikan Cham
Der.
The Board of Directors of the
Juneau Chamber also voted to
contribute $65 to buy uniform
Jackets for the Alaska rifle team
which will take part in the Camp
Perry matches.
At the Chamber luncheon today
r. E. Robertson presented a re-
port on the advantages of the pro-
posed dredging of the channel bar.
The report, prepared with the as
sistance of the Forest Service re-
gional office, will be given to Col.
John c. H. Lee on his return from
his present survey flight into the
Interior.
Helen Eva Yates, writer, spoke
briefly today.
Two more reels of motion pic
lures of Alaska wildlife were shown
by Trevor Davis. The Alaska Game
Commission films screened today
showed moose, black bear and
sheep.
The Daily Alaska empire. [volume] (Juneau, Alaska) 1926-1964, 1939-07-20

S4S-s.a =. ~-.~ - .s., s4as4es "a S-stfdvi'-
MIA Los Angeles and in the tam
Gus isose Bowl at Pasadena and
that the various eleyens were made
up of use. players, for the picture
has authentic atmosphere and wide
appeal to sport loversl
But since the picture is essenti-
ally comedy, certain license was
taken in the story. Various trick
plays, which ignore all football
rules, allow the butter fingered
Penner a chance to shine as a
grid star; they should delight the
audiences!
Penner, according to the story,
is a unsteady inclined college stu
dent who detests football and all
types of athletics. But his father
has promised the school a large
endowment should it make grid
iron star of the lazy young man,
and SO Penner is turned into a
football flash, in spite of himself.
In order that he will shine on the
football field, various trick plays
are. evolved by the coach to keep
Pennre from being even touched by
the opposing teams.
June Travis is cast opposite the
popular comedian as pretty CO.
ed who aids in the development of
the synthetic pigskin hero. Richard
Lane, Ben Alexander. Billy Gilbert,
Jack Carson and Alan Bruce are
also seen in important roles in the
RKA Radio comedy.
The Daily Alaska empire. [volume] (Juneau, Alaska) 1926-1964, 1939-07-20
Young Juneau
Marion Hostess
AT Bridge Party

Mrs. Robert Duckworth, nee Miss
Eta Mae Kolasa, entertained last
evening at her residence in the
Spickett Apartments, with dessert
and three tables of bridge.
Tables were individually conferred
with calendulas and California pop
pies Honors for bridge were won
by Mrs. Daniel Ross and Mrs. H. I.
Lucas.
The Daily Alaska empire. [volume] (Juneau, Alaska) 1926-1964, 1939-07-20

noon July 16). They had made the
run from Chicken in good time.
Resting for a few hours the men
again headed out, this time for
Walkers Fork.
The men appeared to be in good
spirits and are confident that they
will make their journey to New
York a success before winter sets
in. williams and Logan, who are
going by motorcycle to New York
over the proposed International
Highway route, were delayed con-
siderably by hard luck on their
trip between Healy Lake and
Chicken.
The Daily Alaska empire. [volume] (Juneau, Alaska) 1926-1964, 1939-07-20

would fill the bf could be moved could be- that
not for ne-nght stands Maybe though
Some day maybe next I'm going circus out
Take look around This streamned circus The
streamned and the tents The big roundonly POLE
in the center Audience everything And the
benches but
agerie the set in frames png the native homes Of the
different animals Showmanship And lights All modern.
and all ideas That's what's matter with the
Twenty years behind the times
But the acts Mr. Conn? Anything streamined there? How
about the clowns? they still the old trcks7
Maybe the kids the loudspeakes follow gang
busting shootemup radio serials derned sophisticated
to pop their eyes at clowns?
1.-The clowns said Cronin rate according to the stuff
they think Doubt could together company
like this here Takes studio We've top acts head
they're getting real Might think circus people
would be glad work for anything circus business being
nowadays but these getting always
Yes the circus coming backbut only when gets ITSELF
streamlned"
Neon signs chromium upo-dae clowns and no pink
nk is because Of sanitary ree
ationso It might be big hit that but would be cics7
Would be the thing the kids would get before
light just the rumble and unload? You bet
your life it would That's what cronin anyway.