davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1939-02-18

located in a confined space so that the
gases which result from its ignition can
mot readily escape.
To confirm this statement I may say
that have ignited cotton or lamp black
cartridges soaked with liquid oxygen
which had burned with great intensity
in the open air, but have caused no ex-
plosion for the simple reason that the
resulting gases are not confined.
do not know the details of this dis
covery mentioned in your article, but
would assume that it corresponds to i'm
provements made in commercial explo-
sives which render them quite safe to
handle unless and until they are ignited
or fired by method of ignition found
only in decorating or priming caps, which
usually combine both heating and i'm
pact.
might say for your general informa-
ton that the term explosion" is fire.
quently misunderstood. All explosions
are the result of combination of chem
ical elements or an accumulation of one
SA~AAASAAo AAA ScoSoAo 4OlllA uoudl1y CdhulS
place In an instant, but occasionally over
period of time in which the gas pressure
rises to such intensity or rises so sud-
denly that the confning vessel or sur
rounding inclosure is burst or blown aside
to permit the gases to escape. If you
keep this definition in mind you will
understand why boiler failure or explo-
sion can be just as destructive as the ig-
milton of substantial quantity of gun
powder.
In common with other manufacturers
Of chemical materials, always dislike to
see reference to our product which leads
people to believe that 1t is dangerous to
handle. In case Of doubt on technical
matters. it is our feeling that the news
papers should call any one Of the many
sources of information in Washington
which could prevent such errors as are
found in many technical news notes
printed in our papers today
r. B. SWOPE.
President Southern Oxygen Co.
February 10.
Evening star., 1939-02-18
TODD PLACE NE.

Dear Sir:
II read your column, This and That. in
The Star every day and have received
much valuable information as well as
entertainment from your observations.
II am especially interested in your re-
marks on redbirds, as there are a pair
that have fed in my yard for over a year.
They nested and brought their young to
feed there also. They have become yery
important to my whole family now and
we watch them come and 60 as though
they were children.
Lately, however, there has been a
mockingbird hanging around close by,
who frequents our yard often.
"He doesn't eat the seeds that are put
out for the redbirds, and lately he has
developed habit of swooping down on
the reubirds and driving them away
every time they come to feed.
"He sits close by and watches and as
soon as they come to the yard he scares
them away.
I'VE have tried to make him leave, but
that only frightens the redbirds. too, so
now we've decided to ask some one who
studies the habits Of birds.
Have you any ideas as to what we
can do to make him leave the redbirds
alone?
There are two big blue jays that come
to feed every day. too but he never both
ers them. But he has made life miser-
able for every startling, sparrow and our
own beautiful redbirds in this neiehbor-
hood.
I'VE would certainly appreciate receiv-
ing any advice you could give.
Sincerely yours, B.HB,"
The mockingbird problem is becoming
acute.
No finer bird than this, and no greater
nuisance when it scares away other de-
slrable songsters, as it SO often does,
This is problem in which the bird
books offer no help.
They tell you all about its powers of
song, how it is welcome as wonderful
singer, how 1t protects its young, and will
fight animals and even man in defense
of them
But what is the lone bird lover to do
with his lone mockingbird, which seems
to specialize in being an old "meanie," as
the phrase has it?
There is, of course, an unthinkable
solution.
No one, We feel sure, would have re-
course to it.
So the thing to do is to sit tight and
hope the mocker will go away.
One thing which may be done is to re-
frain from putting out such foodstuffs as
mockingbirds are fond of.
Doughnuts, for instance.
Mockers fairly dote on doughnuts. No
Evening star., 1939-02-18
Nuzi Bad Tuste

How the College of Cardinals elect
ing successor to Pope Plus XII could
be free from all those temporal con-
siderations which determine the
position of the Catholic Church in a
lawless and unruly world is difficult
to see, but that cannot justify the
deliberate and open governmental
attempts now being made to coerce
the cardinals.
Shortly after the death of the
Pope of Peace" Chancellor Hitler's
newspaper, Voelkischer Beobachter.
launched an attack upon him and
demanded that the new pontiff be
pro-Nazi.
Now the German envoy to the Holy
See, DR.. Carl-Ludwig Diego Won Ber-
gen, presenting condolences for the
entire diplomatic corps at the Vati-
can, uses the occasion to impress
Their Eminences with the impor-
tance of selecting Pope friendly to
the new world" now being created.
The shape of this "new world"
OF which DR.. Won Bergen speaks is
crystal clear. For a Nazi Ambassa-
dor can mean only one thing when
he speaks of 1.-THE Nazi-Fascist
edlfice being raised out of slavery, op-
preston, intolerance and aggression.
The Nazi emissary displayed ex-
ceedingly bad taste in using his posi-
ton as dean of the diplomatic corps
for such purpose. The attempt to
dictate the election of Pope in such
a spirit of ill-intent is amazing in a
modern day, although such activities
have not been unknown in the dis
tant past. In some cases the pressure
was deleterous, as recorded of the
few simoniacle Popes, most of whom
eventually were deposed. In some
cases, as under Medici and Borgia
influence during the Renaissance.
the pressure was for purely political
purposes in time when the temporal
rule of the papacy was dominant. In
the case of Saint Gregory, known as
the pope-maker," the influence
exerted was of the gratest value to
the spiritual life of the church.
Constant pressure on the cardinals
before they enter the election con-
clave is to be expected-because of
the Importance of the result to every
government on earth. It is precisely
because of these anticipated blan-
dlshments that the prelates are i'm
prisoned during their deliberations
and all approaches to their place of
confinement closely guarded.
For the most part, these influences
keep carefully under cover because
of the odium that attaches to them.
But not so the Nazi emissary.
In spite of the intensity of lobby
ing now going on in Vatican City, the
world is confident that the cardinals
will make their selection fearlessly
for the good OF the church and
the world.
Evening star., 1939-02-18
Letters to The Star
Discusses Problem Of
Nicaraguan Canal.


Nicaraguan Canal.
To the Editor of The Star:
The Star of last Sunday contains an
article entitled Canal Vital to First Line
of Defense" written by Joseph H. Baird.
This article contains the following amaz-
ing statement:
THE Nicaraguan Canal possesses at
least one great advantage over the alter
nate plan of expanding the Panama
Canal 1t would follow a sea-level route
and would have no locks which foreign
bombers might wreck"
The most striking physical feature of
the country is the chain of two great
lakes-Managua, SO by 16 miles, and
Nicaragua, 100 by As miles-lying within
II miles of the Pacific, but draining to
the Caribbean through the San Juan
River. Studies for an interoceanic
waterway in Nicaragua began in the
early part of the 18th century. The
United States first became actively
interested in 1926. Many surveys have
been made, the most recent by the
United States Army Interoceanic Canal
Board from 1929 to 1881, the field work
being under Col. mow Maj. Gem Dan
I. Sultan. Its report was published in
1882, and is designated House Document
No. 139. 72nd Congress, first session.
(Now out of printD
These various reports and plans differ
in many respects, but every one of them
proposed to use Lake Nicaragua as the
summit level. The present plan proposes
to regulate the lake between los and ITO
feet above sea level, using total of IL
locks-three double locks at each end
to overcome the difference in elevation.
The summit-level section, including
Lake Nicaragua has an area of 1925
square miles, which m axes an exceedingly
valuable reserve supply of water, as well
as an equally valuable area for the stor-
age of the water coming in at time of
flood from the nearly $4,000 square miles
of land which drains into it. OF course,
with the canal cut down to sea level, there
would be no need to store water for times
of drouth; but with cash 173 miles long
and from $50 to 400 feet deep carved into
the face of the country, taking care of
the water which would pour in during
the rainy season would be a difficult
and costly proposition. A sea-level canal
in Nicaragua is both physical and
financial impossibility.
The board reported that it would be
possible to convert the Panama Canal
into a sea-level canal, but that it would
cost billion or more dollars; that be-
cause of the necessity of doing the work
without interrupting traffic, it would
take from Is to 80 years; and that, be-
cause of the difference in the tides in
the Atlantic and the Pacific, tidal locks
would be necessary at each end.
February Is. S. A. THOMPSON.
Evening star., 1939-02-18
The Golden West

An average American this summer
has only two directions in which to
seek new wonders on his annual
vacation. There is no longer North
nor South. There is only East and
West. Very few indeed will be those
fortunate enough to enjoy the spec
tacles prepared for them in both the
New York Worlds Fair and the
Golden Gate International Exposi-
tion. Those Of the majority who
Evening star., 1939-02-18
Tolerance Must Be
Mutual and Reciprocal.
To the Editor of The Star:

10 the Editor Of The Star:
The article of Messrs. Alsop and Kint-
ner in The Star of February II relates
how fear Of the sleeping beast of racial
intolerance in this country influenced q
number of appointments to public office.
The difficulty of realizing such ideals
as tolerance and democracy is encounter
ing the same old obstacle: Human nature.
1t is so easy to forget that tolerance must
be mutual and reciprocal. It does not
suffice merely to suffer those who differ
from ourselves only in minor details.
The real test of tolerance comes when
differ radically from our own. We readily
agree that religious liberty means the
right of every one to worship in his own
way, but how many recognize that it also
includes the right not to worship, If that
is ones desire and conviction?
We have recently had more than the
usual number of appeals for tolerance
and democracy. Obviously we need fire.
quent reminders of the requirements of
life in contented community. Yet in
the midst of these appeals there came
call for Crusade" a sort of holy war
against those who do not believe as do
the would-be crusaders.
Campaigns of hatred based on differ
ences of opinion do not serve democracy.
Independent thinking cannot be sup
pressed except at the cost of thinking
itself. And those who would lead "holy
crusades" might well reflect, in the light
Of our experience with Ku Kluxisrn and
anti-Semitism, on the possible effects of
stirring up blind passions and prejudices.
EDW. WOLESENSKY.
Arlington, Va.
Evening star., 1939-02-18
cannot are bound to miss something
rauo rA1occ ~ thu Ic %I>o1v %oI

cannot are bound to miss something
regardless OF the roads they take.
The Golden Gate fair, a stupendous
artistic achievement on man-made
island in San Francisco Bay, opens
It's gates today. Scores of magnificent
architectural gems, modern as the
morning sun, yet rejecting the
beauty Of the lost civilizations Of
the Aztecs and the Far East, are
ready. Comparison with the exposi-
ton in New York is impossible except
insofar as they both prove that the
loveliness of yesterday, today and
tomorrow can be combined into an
esthetic whole.
In preparation for the formal
opening, San Francisco's streets
have been thronged with bewhisk-
cred citizens in prospectors' garb,
pack mule trains and stage coaches.
The city has decided to "cut daisy"
the vernacular for throwing dignity
to the winds. It is reliving the
heritage of which it is most proud,
and rightly so. The San Franciscans
celebrating now are but generation
removed from the Empire Builders.
The spirit of the West is boisterous.
It is realistic and wholesome. It may
lack at times the dignity demanded
elsewhere, but it never merits the
designation of stuffed shirt" 1t is
essentially the indigenous American
spirit.
The Gateway to the Pacific merits
congratulations and best wishes for
the success of its big show.
Evening star., 1939-02-18
Shooting Stors
BY PHILANDER JOHNSON.
The Specialist.

A joinin' in when things look blue
To help along the mournful song
That rises from the doubling throng.
There's always people DRAWN nigh
To show a pretext fur sigh.
The ones who need some help are thos'
That's tryin' to forget their woes.
These days, you see, the kicker's part
Has got to be real art;
You must be entered in the lists
OF cynics or of pessimists,
Sos you can have your little say,
An do it in an expert way.
When kickin's to be tended to,
There amt no show for me and you.
Evening star., 1939-02-18
Marine Memorial

The House Committee on the IL
brary has voted favorable report to
the House on the Izac bill author
izing completion by the Federal Gov
ernment Of the Navy and Marine
Memorial on Columbia Island. This
is worthy measure and it is to be
hoped that it may be enacted and
the necessary appropriation of $780,
634 made during the present session.
Contributions of more than two
million school children and teachers,
donations in memory of husbands,
fathers and sons lost at sea and the
offerings of officers and men of the
Navy, Coast Guard and merchant
marine in remembrance of lost ship
mates have gone into the memorial,
but they have not been sufficient to
finish the work, which has stood
more than four years in an unsightly
state of partial completion.
The early history of the United
States was written on the seven seas.
This was originally a maritime Ma
ton and it's existence is due to early
sea victories, especially during the
War of 1872. Yet there is no ade-
quate memorial anywhere to the gall
lantry of those who have given their
lives in their country's service at sea.
Completion of the Navy and Marine
Memorial not only will be an act of
grateful tribute; it will be a keeping
OF faith with all those, humble and
great, who have made their contribu-
tions to this cause.
Evening star., 1939-02-18
Liquid Oxygen Alone
Held Non on-Explosive.
w. 49, rA,%n, NH ak>ps


In the home edition Of your paper of
Wednesday evening, February is, I no.
ticed an article reported to you by the
Associated Press entitled premature Ex-
plosion Danger Taken From Liquid Oxy-
gen" I venture to make some comments
on the subject matter of that article.
My sole purpose in writing this letter
Is to correct q misstatement in the fourth
paragraph Of your article, which states,
"As long as the oxygen Is in liquid form,
it is terrific explosive and has been
dangerous because the slightest spark
would set it off," This is not true. Liquid
oxygen will not explode under any con-
ditions unless 1t is mixed with some form
Of carbon or other inflammable material
and even then Is not explosive unless
Evening star., 1939-02-18
Financial Caution.

what is your idea of comfortable
fortune?" asked the ambitious youth.
"One," answered Senator Sorghum,
that is big enough to buy everything
you want and not big enough to attract
the attention of the grand jury"
Evening star., 1939-02-18
A Discreet Ambassador

Hugh Wilson, our Ambassador to
Germany, now on indefinite recall in
Washington, declined to answer GER
tain questions asked him yesterday
at a socalled secret session of the
Senate Military Affairs Committee.
His silence does him credit. Whether
1t sprang from that discretion which
is the trained diplomats supreme
quality, or from recent evidence that
revelation before a congressional
committee, even when members are
pledged to the President of the United
States not to disclose it, does not long
remain off the record, Mr.. Wilson'S
reticence was wholesome, proper and
useful. He is reported to have said
that any replies by him might disturb
international conditions and impair
his own usefulness. They would, of
course
The Ambassador was asked, for ex-
ample, about Germany's air strength.
His evasion of that poser was astute,
even though it may have been what
was once termed in the House of Com
mons archaeological inexactitude. )"
Mr.. Wilson said an Ambassador
would have much difficulty in OBJ
tanning such information" The in
formation is, of course, on file in
Washington. The Senate Military
Affairs Committee knows exactly
where to get 1t. 1t has only to apply
to the Navy Departments Office of
Naval Intelligence or to CO." its
equally well-informed opposite num-
ber in the War Department. An
Ambassador in Washington under the
highly delicate circumstances in
which Mr.. Wilson finds himself
should not be third-degreed by states
men who themselves inhabit no tower
of silence.
Senator Bridges of New Hampshire,
who has assumed the role of first
violin in the orchestra of congress
sional discomfort with the admins
tration's foreign policy, hazards the
hint that Ambassador Wilson'S "views
on the European situation are quite
different" from those expressed to a
joint "confidentiap session of the
two congressional committees on
military affairs last month. Mr..
Bridges was referring to the supposed
prophecies of Ambassadors Kennedy
and Bullitt that war is a mere matter
OF months.
If inquisitive and inquisitorial
members of Congress want first
hand, authoritative light on Europe,
let them read the remarkable ad-
dress broadcast on February II from
New York by DR.. Eduard Benes, for
mer President of -Slovakia.
1t gives as graphic a picture OF con-
ditions as any American Ambassador
could possibly draw, and obviously a
franker one, because DR.. Benes has
no job to go back to. He does not
need to use language as means of
concealing thought.
He says that the peace of Munich"
has postponed, not averted, war. He
points out, what should be apparent
to any American statesman who
surveys the international situation
through eyes unblinded by a passion
for domestic partisan advantage,
that the totalitarian powers, far
from being appeased, have just begun
to f1ght-not, as yet, with armies,
navies and air fleets, but with all the
force OF bluff, propaganda and in
timidatory assertion of which they
are capable. But Senator Bridges
can hardly expect our Ambassador
to the Nazi capital to make such a
statement to that whispering gallery
called Capitol Hill.
Evening star., 1939-02-18
Appreciating His Position.

$50 you want more wages" said the
warden Of the penitentiary.
That's what do," answered the cook.
'"This talk of Furnishing big business
magnates is getting me more nervous
every day. If I've got to learn to cook
terrapin and lobster la Newburg, I
want more pay. And what's more want
to be called chef"
Evening star., 1939-02-18
True Worth.

The hens modest sort of bird,
Whose voice in song is seldom heard.
She sings not like small feathered fowl.
Nor is she solemn like the owl.
But luckily for most of us,
She's vastly more industrious.
Evening star., 1939-02-18

'The influence of song is hard to
understand" said Hi Ho the sage of
Chinatown, when men stay out until
2 or o'clock in the morning singing
Home, Sweet Home"
Evening star., 1939-02-18
From Day to Day.

It doth perplex poor mortal man
The weather's change to note.
One minute he requires q fan
And next an overcoat.
Evening star., 1939-02-18
Rate by MailHPayablO in Advance
All Other States and Canadz
Member of the Associated Press

=. The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to
the use for republication of all news dispatches
credited to It or not otherwise credited in this
paper and also the local news published herein.
All rights Of publication OF special dispatches
herein also are reserved
Evening star., 1939-02-18

Letters to the Editor must
Dear the name and address of
the Urlter, although the use OF
a pseudonyna for publication is
permissible. Please be briet!
Evening star., 1939-02-18
Says Uncle Eben.

I wisht I was q Congressman,
A-stayin' up O. nights:
A-gettin' up some great big plan
Or showin' folks tho Sights.
Evening star., 1939-02-18

Night Final and Sunday star-----75c per month
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Collection made at the end Of each month or
each week Orders may be sent by mail or tele-
phone National 5000.
Evening star., 1939-02-18

The Evening Star Newspaper Company
Main ONCE: l1ch st and PENNSYLVANIA Ave.
New York Office: ITO East 42nd st.
Chicago Office: 435 North Michigan Ave.
Evening star., 1939-02-18
Delivered by Carrier-City and Suburban
Nisht Final Edition

Evening and Sunday 65c per mo. or 15c per week
The Evening Star---45c per mo. or l0c per week
The Sunday sc per copy
Evening star., 1939-02-18

@. What was the date of the transport
U. S. S. President Lincoln's first trip to
France and when was she torpedoed?-
j. G.
A. The U. S. S. President Lincoln
troop transport sailed from Hoboken,
N. j., on October 18, 1917, on its first
transport voyage, carrying 1888 passen-
gers. This vessel was operated by the
Navy for the War Department.. It was
sunk by German submarine on May 81,
1918, on the return voyage of the fifth
trip. The vessel at the time 1t was tor
pedoed by the U-90 was 800 miles of the
French coast. Twenty-six lives were lost
The officer in charge at the time of the
sinking was Comdr. Percy w. Foote,
U. N.
@. Please give an account of Lydia
Darrah, Revolutionary War heroine
J.K
A. Lydia Darrah lived in Philadel-
phia in 1777. While some British officers
were lodged in her home, she overheard
their plans to surprise Washington's
Army. Under pretense Of leaving her
home to purchase flour, she walked 8
miles through the snow and informed
one Of Washingtons officers Of the plan.
Washington prepared for the attack and
the British expedition proved failure.
@. What is the monetary unit In Hun
gary and how much Is 1t worth?--C. j. H.
A. The monetary unit is the pengo and
in July, 1898, it was worth 19.701 cents In
American money.
:.
@. Where does Simon Lake, the in.,
ventor of the submarine, live?-A. T.
A. Mr.. Lake lives at Milford, Conn.
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1939-07-15
LeWistOWn
Group Drilling

Lewistown Syndicafe-SOiberg No.
1, in Sc SEX NWA 2O-S5-3w, has
rig up. Sid Porter has the drilling
contract. This firm is a new en-
trant into the field. The location
is in the Rimrock pool, near the
well drilled by Nepstad and Van
derpas several years ago. The lat
ter well had considerable gas and
oil but never produced in CONNER
cial quantities. That was before
the technique Of handling Rimrock
pool wells had been perfected.
w f. Rice is spudding his Rice
Kearns No. 4, NE NE 4 SEA 1895
wv. at so feet. This well is 1890
feet north OF the south line and
100 feet west of the east line of
the section. II is IN the vicinity OF
the CunderBon pool.
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1939-07-15
STARTS TEST
TOFIND OIL
IN FLATHEAD

KALISPELLs- first oil test
in Flathead valley has been spud-
ded on the John Sullivan farm, one
and a half miles east of the Their
riault ferry, by G. G. Barnhill,
formerly of the Baker-Barnhill-Cor-
ey syndicate of Kelvin.
A keystone drilling rig is being
used, starting an S-inch hole. Gas
or oil is expected at 500 feet or less.
Gas has been reported in shallow
wells drilled in the lower valley
district, between FIathead lake and
Four Corners, west of Flathead riv-
er, and east from the Holt church
to the steel bridge.
A small topping plant at Poison,
on the south end of the lake, is
being repaired and Barnhill ex-
poets to find a ready market for
his oil.