davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1939-08-19
THIS AND THAT
BIZ Charles Z. Trdce1rell.

merly common resident, but Is now
very rare.
There is small flock, she says, near
Bush Hill, Fairfax County, Va. (this
book was published in 1921 and they
occur in the Bull Run Valley slightly
beyond our area.
She says further: Apparently they
remained fairly common in the wilder
sections until about 1890. The latest
definite date Of breeding within our area
was OF eggs found near Falls Church
May 3, 1908 A flock Of IL was seen
near Neabsco, Va, December 2, 1928"
Was the mourning dove left to mourn
the passenger pigeon, its relative?
Always in bird books, its place is near
that Of the turkey and Immediately
after the extinct pigeon, another great
American food bird, but even more than
that, q famous American beauty.
If we can trust the paintings Of the
passenger pigeon, 1t was one Of the most
beautiful things on wings, with its soft
srays and pink breast.
The shame Of Its extinction we will do
we'll to keep in mind, when we have an
urge to think hayshly of European peo-
pies, from time to time.
Cruelty is no possession of one race
merely, but is tait of the human spe-
cies; lack Of forethought, In handling
natural possessions, quite as much a
characteristic of Americans as others.
There was no real necessity for killing
OF all the passenger pigeons.
There were millions upon millions OF
them, to begin with, and even a tiny bit
Of conservation common sense would
have kept at least some thousands of
these fine birds in existence. But not a
one is left, although flock of a dozen
or 50 was seen in nearby MARYLAND as
late as 1889.
The shame of this extinction, so un-
necessary, should help prevent the SINH
lar slaughter Of other species. Fortu-
nately, there is much saner viewpoint
on all conservation matters today than
ever before, to balance the reckless, war
like tendencies around the world.
The crimson-eyed rose mallow as seen
by our correspondent, is another wild
beauty, belonging to q famous plant
family
These and other mallows, sometimes
called marshmallows, love to be close to
the water, and often are seen growing
luxuriantly in it.
The amazing thing is that they grow
equally we'll in dry summer garden
The rather coarse and sprawly growth of
the stalks has kept many gardeners
from trying them, but this can be over
come by planting them close to a fence,
to which they can be tied with a cord as
they grow up. The old stalks do not
bloom again. but new ones are sent up
every spring. The roots are large and
meaty, and do not winter-kill. Once
planted, they are good for years, and are
we'll worth trying in any yard.
Evening star., 1939-08-19

PHILOSOPHERS. Instead, he still re-
tains his faith In the ordinary
man" who wants to do the right
thing" He affirms without reserva-
tion: mo man is fitted for absolute
power over the wills of his fellow
men," The democracies, as he
visions them, are dedicated ITO work
In the spirit that all classes should
realize the brotherhood Of man, and
not in the grudging spirit that has
political expediency for its motive
power"
In summary, the former Prime
Minister'S message was this: II
would always stress the spiritual
rather than the political founda-
tions Of democracy. It is a recog-
milton Of the dignity Of man and OF
his individuality, and that dignity
and individuality are his as a child
Of God. There is the unbridgeable
gulf between the democracy and the
isms that are for the time being in
control Of so large a part Of Europe"
Evening star., 1939-08-19
Asks About Drivers Who
Violate Pedestrian Rights.

To the Editor Of The Star:
Recently one of your contributors sug-
gested the use of the amber light for
pedestrian safety. Suggestions have been
made by Others especially by Congress-
men who have taken a special interest
IN trafic safety, for pedestrian light.
However, the director of trafic in a
speech made at citizens association
meeting declared that the use Of pedes-
trian light would solseriously retard We
hicular traf1ic that the adoption Of such
q light is out Of the question.
1t seems to be the policy of those in
authority that vehicular trafiic must be
speeded up at all costs and to effect this
pedestrian trafic control was adopted
under the pretence that 1t was measure
designed solely in the interest of walk
ers. In your paper there is printed daily
the number of pedestrians arrested for
violating the pedestrian trafic control
law, but not the number of motorists who
violate that regulation, although the
schedule of arrests and accidents shows
the total number Of motorists arrested
for all causes.
It would be interesting to know the
number Of motorists arrested for falling
Evening star., 1939-08-19

that some Federal relief funds paid
to members of the bund may have
gone into the German winter re-
lief" basket.
Unfortunately, the committed
failed to establish definitely, during
O. brief consideration of this phase
of the inquiry, whether there actually
was such an un-American diversion
of American relief money. Certainly,
if the bund is as American as 1t
processes publicly to be, it should
devote it's fund-raising activities to
relieving the distress Of its own
members. The Nazi relief offshoot
of the Dies investigation deserves
further exploration by committee
members.
Evening star., 1939-08-19
Earl BuIdwin's Speech

The address OF Earl Baldwin be-
fore the Congress on Education for
Democracy deserves a wider reading
than it is likely to receive. But that
does not mean that the former
Prime Minister of Great Britain
journeyed to New York in vain. The
words he came to speak will have
their helpful influence upon Amer
lea, directly and indirectly, for years
to come. In one form or another
they will be repeated with growing
effect.
Earl Baldwin set forth his case for
democratic ideals against a back
ground of history common to all
the English-speaking peoples of the
world. He called to his aid a tradi-
tion confirmed in blood The free
dom which he defended was bought
with great price" and will be main
tanned without regard for the cost.
But it must never be taken for
granted. Democracy" the veteran
statesman declared, sis far ,the most
difficult form of government that has
ever existed. The success of a
democracy depends upon every one
realizing his or her responsibility to it,
thinking of his duties and forgetting
for time his rights. 80 That calls
for education and character-edu-
cation in problems domestic and
foreign so as to have material where
with to form judgment and char
acter to concentrate on the essential
and to look beyond the immediate
effect of particular action on the
fortunes of favored politician. '''
Given the man of genius who can
make the masses believe that he
alone can make the work they need
if he has free hand-if you get to
that point, you are within sight of
revolution by the Fascist"
The alleged efficiency Of "totali-
tartan practice" however, lis
achieved by paying price we cannot
pay" Earl Baldwin argued: 1.-THE
triumph of these ideas is bought by
the suppression Of the liberty of the
individual human soul, the very life
and spirit Of the ideas upon which
our conception of democracy is
based. The Bolsheviks, whose orig
inal leaders were men of great
though narrow intellectual power,
saw clearly that the greatest obstacle
to the enslaving of the human will
was the Christian faith, and made
that faith the object of their bitterest
attack from the first. Only by the
elimination of a power which in the
human heart they knew to be greater
than their own could they create a
generation malleable to their in
fluence. And it Is a terrible thing
that in the extreme Nazi teaching
you see this tendency in Germany
today"
But Earl Baldwin is not discour-
aged by the pressure Of destructive
Evening star., 1939-08-19

to give pedestrians a break when they
are entitled to it.
In falling to provide light signal for
pedestrians and intimidating them with
threats of arrest for crossing on a red
light even when no vehicles are ap-
preaching the District government places
itself in the light of favoring one class
OF taxpayers at the expense of others,
especially when motorists break the
pedestrian traffic rule and get away with
1t. Unless the authorities show fairer
spirit In this matter and motorists dis
continue disputing the right of way with
pedestrians when they are entitled to it,
the attempt to enforce the pedestrian
traffic regulation will be waste of time
and effort MARIE STEARNs
August II.
Evening star., 1939-08-19
Relief for the Nuzis

If Fritz Kuhn, leader of the Ger
man-American Bund, sees fit to raise
relief fund in the United States
for Nazis in Germany, that is his own
business. But If part of that money
should come from relief funds ap-
propriated for distressed American
citizens, then the matter properly
becomes the concern of Congress,
which made the appropriation. It
was on this theory, apparently, that
the Dies Committee investigating
n-American activities questioned
Mr.. Kuhn about a $4,000 fund for
winter relief" which he collected in
this country and turned over per-
sonally to Fuehrer Hitler in Ger
many in 1886.
The fact that people could suffer
privations under Herr Hitler's uto-
plan system of government will be
Interesting, of itself, to many persons
for Propaganda Minister Goebbels
would have the world believe that
the Nazi way of life is a guarantee
of health, happiness and general
prosperity. 1t does not fit in we'll
with that pleasant picture to envision
Mr.. Kuhn soliciting contributions
from bund members-some of whom
he admitted were unemployed-and
hurrying across the Atlantic to de-
liver the money to a grateful Hitler.
Aside from this surprise, however, is
the Jolt which comes to American
taxpayers with the strong intimation
Evening star., 1939-08-19
Refugee Club

When storm clouds loom on the
domestic horizon and the home tenn
perature drops to forty below, both
instinct and past performances warn
the veteran husband that cyclone
is about to break loose, and that
even the doghouse, to which he has
temporarily retired, may no longer
offer its dubious safety. 1t is for
such occasions that the mems club
was primarily invented.
The shelter it offers from heavy
weather in the home is unsurpassed
The moment a member crosses its
magic threshold, conditions are COM
pletely reversed. With a sigh of re-
lief, he realizes that whatever he
does is automatically right-in the
eyes Of his fellow members, because
most of them are past grand exalted
potentates in the universal lodge of
matrimony, and in the eyes of the
club servants, because that is what
they are paid to think Prominent
among the safety devices is a one
way telephone, free and unlimited to
outgoing calls, while incoming female
voices are held up at the switchboard
until the operator verifies deep sus-
picion that the party is either dead
or called suddenly away to Kam-
chatka for three months. The system
is woman-proof, and no wife has ever
yet beaten it.
Press dispatches tell the tale of a
certain Mr.. Logan, very much mar
ried, but unable to afford the luxury
Of a club. After hiding behind the
eight ball about as long as possible,
a ray of hope came to him. He re-
called that years before he had been
sent to Sing Sing for five years on
manslaughter charge and paroled
about two years later. He went to
the parole commissioner and con-
fessed that he had made a fatal
error in resigning from the Ossining
Social Reform Society. He pleaded
for reinstatement and a chance to
get in two years and ten months
more of club life which he had
carelessly thrown away. Both Logan
and his application are on file pend
ing decision, which, it is hoped, will
be favorable.
Evening star., 1939-08-19
FOURTEENTH ST. NV.

dear Sir:
THE little known fact that wild tur.
Keys may frequently be seen in Virginia
not more than some 33 miles from WASH
ington should interest the bird lovers
OF your instructive column.
"On my recent visit to the picturesque
wilderness camp Of Boy Scout Troop, No.
80, along the Potomac River at Freestone
Point, south of Woodbridge, Va, 4 tur-
key hen, With seven half-grown turkeys,
was seen crossing the automobile road
leading to the camp on July 26, and on
the previous morning soon after day.
break the writer heard the turkey calls,
and later saw tracks on the fine sandy
beach, where the turkeys had evidently
come to secure food and grit.
Nearby the lovely crimson-eyed rose
mallow hibiscus oculiroseus) was seen
IN full bloom, and in abundance, along
the line Of high tide, and in locality far
below the usual range Of Southeastern
New York and New Jersey.
THE well posted caretaker Of the
neighboring private duck hunting lodge
told the writer that recently he had en-
countered female turkey with about IS
young ones feeding near our camp.
Sincerely, T. u"
Turkeys belong to the same order and
suborder As the pheasants, but are dis
tinctive American birds.
The wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo
silvestriS was the subject Of Audubon's
most famous plate.
1t has been called variously the Amer
ican turkey, Eastern turkey, Northern
turkey. wood turkey, American wild
turkey.
DR.. T. Gilbert Pearson tells us that
the Spanish invaders Of Mexico found
the natives in possession of some large
domesticated birds which were exceed
ingly toothsome.
Some were transferred to SPAIN" he
continues, land it was found that they
would breed readily in captivity. In time
these birds were introduced into France
and England, and by and by emigrants
HAOhShL lIlCul UdCh W hIlcIlCd.
AT one time they were very abundant
In many places, and early writer's tell of
their custom of gathering in fiocks Of
hundreds and migrating on foot for long
distances in quest OF forest mast upon
which they fed extensively.
This habit Of collecting in large flocks
may still be noted in some regions, as
for example on some of the islands of
the coast Of Georgia"
4 +
The hen lays . to II eggs. usually, in a
nest on the ground and exceedingly
well concealed, partly to protect them
from the gobbler which is said to break
them If he comes upon the nest
May Thatcher Cooke, in her book on
the birds Of the Washington ID. CO. re-
gion, says that the wild turkey was for
Evening star., 1939-08-19
Germuny's Real Aim

Gradually, but with shining clarity.
Germany's ultimate objectives with
respect to Poland are being revealed,
destroying the pretense Chancellor
Hitler has maintained that the
Polish German issue could be settled
by the immediate return of Danzig
and the granting of traffic route
across the Polish Corridor.
Germany looks now to settlement
of the entire Polish question, which
includes not only Danzig and the
traffic route, but the fate of 100000 to
100000 Germans who live in the
Corridor and Polish Upper Silesia.
This is not merely a matter OF re-
adjusting political boundaries to
conform with ethnic borders, but
matter of a new partition Of Poland
and its reduction to the status Of a
minor, landlocked state.
The NaZis are now carrying out
the usual preliminaries to such
achievements "a concerted press
campaign and dissemination by
official circles of the nature Of the
settlement which Germany seeks.
AS far as Danzig is concerned, it is
indicated, Germany is willing to
negotiate not on the future status
of the Free City, but only upon the
manner In which it is to be returned
to Germany.
1t is better, perhaps, that what
Germany expects to get from Poland
be fully known now, before any
formal attempt is made at settle
ment, than afterwards, as was the
case with -Slovakia Chancel-
lor Hitler promised before Munich
that cession of Sudetenland to Ger
many is the last territorial demand
have to make in Europe. ="
Yet the following March he estab-
lished his protectorate over Bohemia
and Moravia-stultifying the Munich
agreement - absorbed Memel and
opened his campaign against Poland.
Much the same process Is evident
In the case of Poland now. Last
April Hitler offered to settle for
Danzig and the traffic route across
the Corridor, but Polish Foreign Min
lister Beck questioned the sincerity
of the proposal, and the appearance
Of the broadened German demands
is grim justification for his skep-
ticism.
The broadening of Germany's aims
to include PomorZe and Polish Upper
Silesia sustains the Poles contention
that the fundamental German pur-
pose is not to get Danzig and the
traffic route, but to recover for Ger
many everything that was German
before the war. Furthermore, it ex-
plains Polish resolve to set the first
line of defense in Danzig, which, if
united to the Reich, would only IA
cilitate German seizure of Polish
territory. Danzig, they insist, has
been but the facade of German
purpose.
1t Is no longer question of fight
Ing for Danzig, however. The real
issue is whether Germany will get
not only Danzig but all the former
German territories. If necessary,
Poland apparently intends to fight to
prevent it, and Germany's action
In taking military possession of Slo-
vakia, thus facilitating a fanking
attack on Poland's southern border,
does nothing to encourage hope that
hostilities will be averted.
Evening star., 1939-08-19
Comments on the March
Toward War.

To the Editor Of The Star:
Since the earliest conquests Of the an
cient world down to this vital, present
day. the nations seeking appeasement,
through the sacrifice of principles of
right have always fallen an easy prey
to those kingdoms whose desire was con-
quest and whose only thought was the
subjugation Of adjoining states.
The desire for peace must be backed
up by might, in order to hold and
possess. The house is not broken into
by thieves or robbers, while strong, brave
men keep the watch.
From Babylon to Rome, world empires
fell. only when the sinews Of war had
deteriorated and false sense of security
had lulled the arm Of defense into leth-
argy; then, in that careless moment,
great empires passed into total and ever
lasting eclipse. And what Of art? The
ripe fruit grown on the trees of wisdom
and knowledge OF the ages, shaken down
in a night and lost forever! Hence
forth, no man can boast himself q
historian. We know so little Of what
man has done, and the little we do know,
we know not so well. The man who es-
says to preserve line, depicting what is
gone, will in all probability be remem-
bered on account Of his inaccuracies
rather than by reason Of having perpetu-
ated truth.
Righteous thought Is the first vital
energy Of the universe. Life and liberty
are its twin heritages We desire peace
in our day, but dare not hope for it, be-
cause mems thoughts are not of peace,
but of evil What eye can pierce this
chaotic night?
Nations have but one program: The
preparation for and rehearsal of war to
come! This hideous thing could have
been nipped in the bud; but now it must
be struck through skull and bone. There
Is no turning back, as view the picture
The thought creates terror in every heart
and all but paralyzes the souls of men.
At such time as this, and there is
yet freedom of the press in America,
politics should be laid aside for the day
and an honest effort made to cast few
pearls of truth, even though some of
them fall in the midst of swine and are
trampled under the cloven hoof.
MILO ELSON EMERSON.
August 16.
Evening star., 1939-08-19
Thanksgiving Day Change
OF Date Discussed.
tn fhe Editor ~ vYSh> ot.,


As I had little influence, many years
ago, in fixing the date of Thanksgiving
for the last Thursday in November, now
make the suggestion that it should be
about the middle Of the month, that Is.
on the third Thursday. This would make
1t come between November is and q
(both inclusive), and would seem to be
seasonably, socially, economically and
religiously more suitable than the pres-
ent date, or even than that proposed by
the President. For many the date now
commonly accepted is q trifle late and
often too cold and the time between
Thanksgiving and Christmas is rather
short; and this change seems advisable.
So let us think over this suggestion-to
have Thanksgiving" come on the third
Thursday of November-and consider
whether it would be good and reason
able and satisfactory change, easily made
and generally acceptable.
August II. HERBERT p. GERALD.
Evening star., 1939-08-19
Gold in Amber

Now August sunshine dapples
The yellow sassafras,
And fragrant FURNISHED apples
Fall mellow to the grass.
The chipmunks roam the pastures
Where every sunny space
Is bright with blue wild asters
And dainty Queen Anne's lace.
The brown-eyed susans, golden,
Line the dusty road,
Where by the warmth emboldened
Hops q tiny toad.
Oh swift-flown days of summer.
With cleaning hours and rare,
All overlaid with silver
OF floating gossamer;
Would that we might preserve you
In amber's golden light,
And so in gold conserve you
To color winters night
MARION n. ADDMGToN.
Evening star., 1939-08-19

The world today feels somewhat
like man who, having had his ton
sils out in 1918, now Is suffering again
from acute tonsiutis,
Evening star., 1939-08-19

The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to
The use for republication Of all news dispatches
credited to 1t or not otherwise credited in this
paper and also the local news published herein.
All rights Of publication Of special dispatches
herein also are reserved
Evening star., 1939-08-19
Letters to the Editor

Letters to the Editor must
Dear the name and address OF
the lDrtter, although the use OF
a pseudonyn for publication is
permissible. Please be briev
Evening star., 1939-08-19
Rate by Mail-Payable in Advance.
Member Of the Associated Press.

Entered as second-class matter post once.
WASHINGTON, D. C.,
Evening star., 1939-08-19

The Evening Star Newspaper Company.
Main once: 11th st. and Pennsylvania Ave.
New York once: 110 East 42nd St
Chicago ONCE: 435 North Michigan Ave
Evening star., 1939-08-19

WASHING GTON, ID. c.
SATURDAY August 10, 1889
Evening star., 1939-06-14
UNCLE RAYS CORNER

A silver white metal with a
Slightly blue tint is known as "alumi-
mum" 1t is the most common of
) all metals, but no one was able to
take it from the earth until 115
years ago
Most metals are found in a pure,
or nearly pure, form, but not alum
mum. It is mixed with clay soil,
? with slate, with granite and with
shale rock. Although special work
is needed to take it out, there is a
great deal of it all around us.
Nearly per cent of the material
In the earth's crust is aluminium! !!
Next to it ranks iron, which makes
up about 5 per cent of the earths
crust.
A Danish scientist named Oersted
found way to use heat to obtain
aluminium from soil and rock. That
was in 1925. Two years later
German tried the same method,
but failed. Then ne tried again
using a method a little different,
and produced some of the metal
Before long the metal was offered
on the market. For a time it was
sold at s542 pound. Four wears
later the price was cut to S34 a
pound.
People were amazed by aluminium.
1t was a real metal, but was very
light, only one-fourth as heavy as
silver.
In these days, when aluminium is
used so commonly, we may smile
over little events in days when it
had a high price. The French
emperor caused a little of it to be
made into watch charm, and the
Evening star., 1939-06-14
Light Metal.

and he was studying at Oberlin.
Setting to work almost at once,
Hall carried on trials which lasted
two years. At last he used current
from an electric battery to work on
the mineral known as "cryolite." In
this way he obtained pure alum
mum, and ran to the professor cry
ing, 1--WE got it,"
At nearly the same time young
F'renchman named Heroult learned
the same facts while working In
France. Oddly enough, the French
man was just the same age as The
American. Both are honored for
what they did in giving the world
a better way Of obtaining the COM
mon but hard-to-get metal. To-
day aluminium is widely employed
In making parts for automobiles and
airplanes, and for kitchen ware. In
a recent year $500 tons of it were
made.
Cryolite is found in Greenland.
There is not nearly enough Of 1t
to take care of the worlds need for
aluminium. Today the far more
common mineral "bauxite" is the
usual source of aluminium.
(For general interest section Of your
scrapbook)
If you want free copy of the
illustrated leaflet "True Adven-
ture Stories" send me a Scent
stamped, return envelope, in care
of The Evening Star.
1A~cAe Ray
TOnorroD-Dust in the Air.