davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1939-09-02
Shanghai S Alien Zone
Jumpy as Prospective
Enemies Rub Elbows
japanese Expected to
Be Neutral; May Repeat
Situation of 1914
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
SHANGHAI, Sept. 2-Shanghais
foreign population nervously watched
the rapidfire developments in
Europe today amid uncertainty over
the repercussions that war might
bring to the International City
where troops and citizens of pros
pectively belligerent nations rubbed
elbows.
One lone French sloop and a tiny
italian gunboat were the only for
eign war vessels left in the Whang-
poo River, normally choked with
warcraft. All the large British, Ital-
ian and French ships slipped out Of
the river during the last week
Ships of the British China Seas
fleet-heavy and light cruisers, de-
stroyers, an aircraft carrier and
submarines-were reported at vari-
GUS points along the coast between
Hong Kong and North China.
Japan May Be Neutral.
All indications here pointed to
Japan remaining neutral. Japanese
shipping schedules were continuing
without interruption and no move
had been made to evacuate large
Japanese colonies at Hong Kong
and Singapore.
Well-informed foreign sources be-
lieved. however, that only the cir
cumstances created by the German
Soviet non-aggression pact had
called of Japanese plans to occupy
the International Settlement of
Shanghai and, possibly, to attack
Hong Kong in the event of a Euro
! pean war.
| Similar to 1914.
| Meanwhile, the position of Ger
man citizens in Shanghai and
| Tientsin was considered similar to
1914 when they were interned by the
British for the duration of the war
and thereafter forcibly evacuated
from British areas in China and
| their property seized
italian and German merchant
men scurried to safety in prospec-
| tive neutral ports as the outbreak
of war became imminent Three
German passenger ships, the Scharn-
horst, Elbe and Kulmerland, were
reported tied up at Kobe. The
Italian liner Guilio Cesare re-
manned at Shanghai after canceling
/ its regular passenger sailing, but
was reported to be preparing to
! depart with 200 Italian marines,
constituting the Italian defense
| force.
| One thousand British Seaforth
Highlanders were held in readiness
! to move within "a hours and similar
instructions went to the Durham
| Regiment at Tientsin. The Dur
ham withdrawal would leave Tient-
sin without British forces as the
/ gunboat Sandwich expected SAIL
/ ing orders momentarily.
Evening star., 1939-09-02
France Starting
To Put Finances
On War Footing
$3.50 Gold Coveroee
Requirement for
Currency Suspended
BY the Associated Press,

| PARIS. Sept. 2-France started
putting her finances on a war basis
today.
A decree published in the official
journal suspended the requirement
for the Bank of France to maintain
a IS per cent coverage in gold and
! foreign exchange of banknote cir
! culation.
The last statement, as of August
"a, showed the bank held 6264 per
cent coverage as compared with
! 6535 per cent on August II, bank
note circulation having jumped from
1913 ,0O0, 100000 to 10000, O,00O, 900 in
the week.
/ The Bank of Algeria also was
authorized to issue currency up te
5000, 900 900 francs, raising the maxi.
mum from a previous top limit o1
1900, 900 900.
The same decree ordered the with
drawal from circulation of five
| franc coins in nickel and 10 and
20 franc pieces in silver.
! The Bank OF France was author
lied to issue S, 10 and 20-franc paper
notes. The franc is currently quoted
in foreign exchange at 2.435 cents.
| A later decree will set the date
at which the coins will cease to have
legal value.
A convention concluded Septem-
ber 20, 1898, between the finance
ministry and the governor of the
Bank of France also was approved
by the decree
That convention provided for just
such measures as were taken today,
but it was not put into force last
year because the crisis then ended
in the Munich settlement the next
day.
Other DEGREES also published in
the Journal provided principally
authorization for the stock market
to move from Paris: opening of a
treasury account of 100000, 900
francs (about $29,220,OOO for the
development of merchant shipping;
removal of budget limits for mill
tary expenditures on mobilization.
Finance Minister Paul Reynaud
was the first caller this morning at
Premier Daladier's Office.
Evening star., 1939-09-02
Pronouncing Polish Names
Cities Thot Appear in the News
Of Germonys UndecIored War

The English language gives no
clue to the mystery OF pronouncing
Polish words, which I'LL the news
from Europe. For the benefit of its
readers, The Star here gives a
glossary of Polish place names and
persons. identifying them and in
dicating phonetically the English
pronunciations of the words.
If the hostilities continue, an
ever-increasing number of Polish
names will figure in the news. This
first glossary refers to names al
ready mentioned in dispatches. It
will be expanded from time to time.
PLACES.
BydgosZcZ: Southermost city
population $1,000 in area of
plebiscite proposed by Herr Hitler
for the Corridor Object of Ger
man bombing in air raid which
opened the hostilities, $50 miles
northwest Of Warsaw. BID -goshch
Chojnice: City at the narrowest
point of the Corridor Q4,30O, al
most on the German border, l6O
miles northwest of Warsaw. object
of German ground troop attack.
Hoy Mise.
CzestOchOwa . Rail Center.
Czestochowa; One of the cities
bombed in the opening German air
raid. Rail center near the Ger
man border, 110 miles southwest of
Warsaw 130,00O. Ches-to -HO-va.
Dzialdowo: Town on the East
Prussian border of Poland which
with Wojnice, bounded the front
for the main German ground at
tack. Dej-yaw-DO-vo.
Gdansk: The Polish spelling OF
Danzig Gi-DAINSK.
Grodno: City south OF the Lith-
uanian border $4,000, object of air
bomb attack, 65 miles east of East
Prussia. 165 miles northeast of War
saw. GROD-no.
Gydhia: The Polish seaport on
the Gulf of Danzig at the head of
the Corridor, blockaded by Ger
many fOver 100000 One hun
dred and sixty miles by air from
Warsaw Gi-DIN-ya.
Grudziadz: Easternmost Polish
Corridor city in the area for which
Herr Hitler proposed a plebiscite
(54.200. Object of German air
bomb attack, 125 miles northwest
of Warsaw. Grood-ZI- -ohndg.
Hell Is He'll.
Hell: The Polish peninsula at the
head of the Corridor and extending
across the western part of the Gulf
Of DanZig. 1t is a barrier between
the harbor of Gdynia and the open
Baltic, ITO miles by air from War
saw. He'll
Katowice: The capital of Upper
Silesia, in Southwestern Poland
GAO miles from Warsaw, bombed
from the air and repeatedly evacu-
ated. 131,000D Kah-to-VEE-t -tse.
Krakow: The fifth city in Poland
in size 1888 ,000), bombed from the
air in the opening German raid, 14O
miles south of Warsaw, just east of
Katowice. Krakow.
LOOZ. Polish cotton manufactur-
ing city, second largest in the coun-
try 1905 500, so miles southwest of
Warsaw. A vulnerable point of at
tack Woodge.
Lublinec: Village 120 miles south
west of Warsaw by the German
tBohemian) border, object of a Ger
man infantry battalion movement.
Loo-BLEE-nets.
Lwow: The third city of Poland
t316,000>. 225 miles southeast of
Warsaw. Formerly Lemberg. Scene
of fierce World War fighting. Home
of Ambassador Potocki, Polish diplo-
matte representative in the United
States. L'v'ov.
Mlawa: City Just south of East
Prussia 09,6OO, about 65 miles
Evening star., 1939-09-02
Policeman Harris
Deuth Held Suicide

The coroner's Office late yesterday
issued a certificate of suicide in the
case of Policeman Russell A.. Harris,
%, of No. S precinct, who was found
dying of gunshot wound in the
head Thursday night in the bath
room of his home, 1414 G street
Sc. He died in Casualty Hospital
soon after his arrival.
Policeman Harris wife heard the
shot and summoned Harris fellow
officers. The coroner's office was told
that the policeman had been in i'll
health for several weeks.
Evening star., 1939-09-02
Hungary's Premier
To Ask War Powers
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
BUDAPEST. Sept. Count Paul
Teleki, premier of Hungary, ap-
pealed to Hungarian'p patriotism last
night and announced he would ask
for extraordinary powers to preserve
his country's neutrality.
Count Teleki will ask Parliament
to give him the power of censorship,
to order internment and to restrict
the rights of assembly and associa-
tion-all of which, it is interpreted,
are deemed necessary to curb in
creasingly turbulent Hungarian
Nazis.
The premier also will ask the right
to control prices, conscript raw ma
terials and regulate labor.
Evening star., 1939-09-02
Bold Eagle Children
Guin 5.42 Pounds

Children at Bald Eagle tubercu-
losis camp gained an average of $40
pounds this summer, according to
Paul Kelly, camp superintendent.
The final physical examination
given by DR.. Alexander Leonardo,
camp physician, disclosed that the
1875 boys and girls cared for during
July and August gained a total of
1872 pounds. An increase in weight,
Mr.. Kelly pointed out, was insur-
ance against disease this winter.
The camp is financed by the sale
of Christmas seals by the District
tuberculosis Association, headed by
DR.. James G. Townsend,
Evening star., 1939-09-02

this month because of the con-
flict abroad.
The State Department reported
that Great Britain and France had
replied favorably to President
Roosevelt's appeal to five European
powers against bombarding civilian
populations and unfortified cities
from the air.
Ambassador Potocki of Poland
also advised the department that
Polish military authorities had
issued orders against the bombing
of open towns and similar action
endangering civilian populations.
The Polish government pointed
out that numbers of its cities
already had been bombed. however,
and said its rules remain in force
on condition and on the under
standing that they will be also
scrupulously observed by the op-
posing party"
Text of Hitler Reply.
Hitler's reply, as transmitted from
German Foreign Minister Ribben-
trop to Mr.. Kirk, follows:
'The view expressed in the mes
sage of President Roosevelt that It
is humanitarian principle to re-
frain from the bombing of nom
military objectives under all circum-
stances in connection with military
operations, corresponds completely
with my own point of view and has
been advocated by me before. L
therefore, Internationally indorse
the proposal that the governments
taking part in the hostilities now in
progress make public a declaration
in this sense.
For my own part, I already gave
notice in my Reichstag speech of
today that the German Air Force
had received the order to restrict
its operations to military detectives
1t is a self-understood prerequisite
for the maintenance of this order
that opposing air forces adhere to
the same rule"
Italy replied to the Presidents
appeal by saying that since she
planned mot to take any initiative
in military operations" the matter
OF aerial bombing did not concern
her.
Chancellor Hitler told the Reich
stag he did not want to wage "a
battle OF women and children" but
that If an enemy resorted to conflict
OF that sort ne would answer bomb
for bomb and gas for gas"
Evening star., 1939-09-02

north or Warsaw, object of German
ground troop movement from East
Prussia. MWA-va.
Corridor Is Pomorze.
Pomorze: The Polish name for the
Corridor. In German Pomerania
Po-MOR-ze.
Poznan: Western Polish province
which formerly was the German
Posen. POZ-naihn.
Slask: Southwestern Polish prov
ince known better as Upper Silesia.
Slahshk.
Tarnowskie Cory: City in Slask
on the German border 15.80O, 100
miles southwest Of Warsaw. Object
of German troop movement. Tar
NOV-shkee-eh GOO-ry.
Tczew: City in the corridor which
was the object of a German air
raid 1900, on the southern bor-
der of the Danzig area. TCHEV.
Warszawa: The Polish name for
Warsaw, the capital of Poland and
its largest city u,178,000). Var
SHA-va.
Wilno: City in Northeastern Po-
land, former capital of Lithuania,
$50 miles from Warsaw, object of
German bombing Q96, 6,000D, between
East Prussia and Russia. VEEL-no.
Wisla: The Polish name for the
Vistula, the chief river of Poland,
which flows through the Danzig area
and past Warsaw. Pronounce
VEES-wa.
Zakopaneo: (Spelt as Zakopani
in some dispatches), city in Polish
Carpathians Q7,80O a few miles
from the Slovakian border, object
of German tank attack. Two hun
dred miles southeast of Warsaw.
Zah-ko- pa -NEH-oh.
One city which has not yet fgured
in the dispatches but which is fami-
liar to all Americans who read the
papers during the early days of the
World War is Przemysl OF all the
words in Polish, the English Ian
guage leaves the Anglo-Saxon least
prepared to pronounce this one. 1t
is Chem -EE-sel. The town, in South
Central Poland, l60 miles south of
Warsaw, with a population of 81 900
was the scene of long-drawn fight
ing between the Russians and the
Austrians from 1914 to 1915.
The town was in Austrian Poland
fortified by a ring of forts So miles
in circumference. The Russians OBJ
tanned it on March %, 1915, after
two sieges which began October s.
1914. On June 2, 1915, the Russians
relinquished it to the Austrians.
PEOPLE.
Jozef Beck, Polish Minister of
foreign affairs. YOO-zef Beck.
Tadeusz Kasprzycki, Polish min
lister of military affairs. Tah-DEH-
GOSH Kahs-per-ZYTS-kee.
Edward Kulikowski, Polish for
eign press officer. oo-lee-KOV-
ski.
Eugeniusz Kwiatkowski, Polish
minister OF finance and vice premier
Yu-ghen-EE-ush Kvee-aht-KOV-
ski.
Jozef Lipski. Polish Ambassador
to Germany. YOO-zef LEEP-ski.
Juliusz Lukasiewicz, Polish Am
bassador to France. Yoo-LEE-ush
Woo-ka -shee-EH-vich.
Ignace Moscicki, Polish President
EEG-natse Mos
jerry Potocki. Polish Ambassador
to the United States. YER-zy Po-
TOOTS-kee.
Felician Slwaj Skladkowski, presi-
dent Of the Polish Council of Min
listers. Fe-LEE-tseean SWA-yov
Skwad-KOV-ski.
Marshal Edward Smigly-Rydz, in
spector general of the army, the sec
ond person in the state. ranking i'm
mediately after the President.
SMEEG-wy Rydg.
Evening star., 1939-09-02
Simple Deduction

RUGBY, N. Oak, Sept. 2 tP.-A
transient, who said he was Lloyd
Cutler, %. meditated today on Police
Chief Clarence Rohrer's powers of
deduction.
Cutler was limping stiff -leggedly
when Rohrer noticed him and in
quired into the cause of the limp.
The chief was looking for some one
who had stolen shotgun.
The limp was caused, Chief
Rohrer said, by a shotgun inside
Cutters overall leg.
Evening star., 1939-09-02
Wunderbird Hike

The Wanderbirds will leave the
National Theater tomorrow morning
at 10 o'clock for 4-mile hike along
the Northwest Branch, starting
from Burnt Mills, Md, ending with
swim near Riggs road.
Evening star., 1939-09-02
Wheat for Crisis

Millers In Belgium have been or
dered by the government to keep q
total Of 2,204, 900 bushels of foreign
wheat stored ready for use at any
time.
Evening star., 1939-09-02
Roosevelt
Continued From First Page)

all belligerents. would chiefly bene-
fit Great Britain and France be-
cause Britain would presumably
control the seas in war time and
prevent Germany from getting
weapons here.
Hull Urges Repeal.
Secretary Hull, urging repeal last
July, argued that America could
remain neutral better without an
embargo than with one. He said
it was humanity impossible to hold
the scales exactly even between two
belligerents by enacting an embargo
or by refraining from doing so.
If President Roosevelt invoked
the Neutrality Act in the present
crisis, it is expected that one imme-
diate effect will be to stop deliveries
of military planes which Britain and
France have been buying in this
country in large numbers.
Following yesterdays cabinet
meeting, Secretary of War Woodring
reported the plans of an interde-
partmental committee to soften the
blow of the war on this country had
been completed.
Attorney General Murphy said all
his departments plans were ready
and indicated others might accrue
from conferences he planned today
He was to talk with j. Edgar Hoover
head of the Federal Bureau of In
vestigation, regarding plans to open
counter Office in Manila.
Secretary of Agriculture Wallace,
in radio address, urged farmers to
continue cooperation with Govern
ment crop-control programs, despite
increased demand that war might
bring for their products. He said the
programs could be geared to chang
ing conditions.
John J. Pelley, president of the
Association of American Railroads.
another White House caller, said
the Nations railroads were ready
''for any emergency" He did not
see the President, but was called to
the executive of1ices by Brig. Gen.
Edwin M. Watson, a presidential
secretary.
Stock Market Steady.
Securities and Exchange Com
mission ofdcials expressed gratifica-
ton over the way the stock market
withstood the first shock of the
German invasion of Poland. After
early losses, many issues closed
sharply higher. Commodity prices
were up.
Acting Secretary John w. Hanes
announced the Treasury would not
undertake any financing operations
Evening star., 1939-09-02
Americans in Warsaw
Reported Safe
BY the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
North Winship, counselor Of the
American Embassy in Warsaw, re-
ported by telephone to Secretary of
State Hull late yesterday that as far
as he knew all Americans in War
saw were safe.
State Department officials said
Mr.. Winship advised Secretary Hull
that woman members of the EN-
bassy staff had been evacuated to
point about IL miles from Warsaw.
Evening star., 1939-09-02

Unemployment is acute in the
Setubal fish canning district Of
Portugal.
Evening star., 1939-09-02

Istanbul. Turkey, has ordered all
fortune tellers of the streets.
Evening star., 1939-09-02
SPECIAL NOTICES.

c. G. SLOAN e. CO.. INC. Auctioneers.
us 18th St. NV.
Glacier County chief., 1939-03-24
Best Musk Is Produced by Male Deer of the Himalaya

Throughout the long roll of the
centuries there have been innu-
merable perfumes.
However, the bases-the fixatives
were a few natural products. the
most famous of which is musk. Sew
eral animals produce musk, but the
best comes from the male musk
deer Of the Himalayas. according to
an authority In the Philadelphia
Record.
The musk deer Is only 20 inches
high, has no antlers and its teeth
project like tusks in the male. This
tiny deer carries beneath the skin
Of his stomach . sack about the
sizs Of IN orange. In which b found
Z dark brown substance. somewhat
like wet gingerbread (found only In
the male).
This "musk" 10 about the strong
est smelling substance known, rath-
er aromatic and pleasant. The deer
b killed. the musk sack extracted
and dried. then packed By camel
caravan across Tie Immense plains
Glacier County chief., 1939-03-24
Enriehine the Blood

The blood is frequently impov-
erished by the time spring puts in
an appearance. That is not sur
prising, for in many households
the winter diet contains a prepon-
derance of carbohydrates and
fats, with far too few of the pre-
cious minerals and vitamins. II
is often deficient in iron, the min
eral that is required for the for
nation of the hemoglobin or red
pigment in the blood, and in cop
per, which is required for the
proper utilization of iron.
Inasmuch as 3 per cent Of the
blood cells are destroyed daily, IL
is obvious that unless adequate
amounts Of iron-rich foods are
available to replace them, the
number will soon become sub
normal. Moreover, It has been
found that many minor disturb
ances Of the body cause loss Of
iron, and that mild infections are
. common cause Of iron loss.
Thus, individuals who have been
consuming diet that is barely
adequate in respect to iron may
Glacier County chief., 1939-03-24

We know today why their efforts
met with little success. For we
have learned what they could not
know-that the best possible tonic
is . carefully chosen diet rich in
minerals and vitamins.
In those days, the science of
nutrition was in its infancy. Vita
minis were still undiscovered, and
there was much that we had not
learned about the role of the min
eral salts in regulating body proc
esses. No wonder mothers grasped
at any mixture that promised to
put roses back into the cheeks OF
their anemic-looking children.
How lucky we are today! For
science has taught us what we
should eat to help increase pep
and vitality, and build rich red
blood. And modern methods Of
transportation, refrigeration, food
preservation and packaging, have
made the necessary foods easily
available. It merely remains for
the homemaker to acquaint her.
self with the nutritional needs Of
cher family. &c.,
Glacier County chief., 1939-03-24

of Asia to the centers where it finds
its way into world trade.
Long before the Christian era
men were killing musk deer and
dealing in the musk they obtained
from them.
Musk is mixed with many other
ingredients, whose odors it seems
to blend into a whole. In color II
is dark purplish. in texture dry.
smooth and unctuous to the touch,
in taste bitter.
So pervading is II that the scent
remains for centuries. In 1858
Bloody" Mary Of England ordered
Lady Cecily Cholmondoley impris.
oued In the Tower Of London. The
governor Of the tower. who sympa.
thized with his fair prisoner. had
her cell perfumed with musk. The
characteristic perfume il still dis
cernible after nearly 100 years.
Chemically musk contains am
monia. cholesterin, fatty matter. Q
bitter resinous substance and other
animal principles.
Glacier County chief., 1939-03-24
SAFETY TALKS
Hou About Your Safety?

H0U About Tour S0fety!
IF YOU know all the rules about
1 wearing rubbers when it rains,
red flannel indies in the winter,
and if you don't sleep in draft,
you probably take pretty good
care of your health. But how
about your safety?
The National Safety council re-
ports that from the age of three
years to 81, accidents kill more
persons (both sexes) than any dis
ease; from the age of three years
to 40, accidents kill more males
than any disease.
Among males Of all ages only
heeft disease claims more vic
Tins than accidents-301.6 of ev-
cry 1000 males die of heart dis
ease each year while accidents
kill 1876. Among the ladies, six
diseases rank above accidents as
cause of fatalities. They are
heart disease, cancer, cerebral
hemorrhage, pneumonia and
chronic nephritis.
Glacier County chief., 1939-03-24


variety pull up alongside your rack,
grab your pitchfork and get going -
explains took them TO the mouth the machine where series
the wheat"
and the cord that holds the bundle together
get through
Sometimes we would plug the rig and the carrier would STOP
plugged thinking
and grabbed sheaf that plugging the knives and started
Gan : sudden" Howard "it let there
for yousefthe carrier with Howard board
inevitably toward the flashing knives that freed
sashng speed that made them invisible
10 worse, Howard, obliged
20 knives in order to free them
Ideally being carried closer second BY the
Sses.:, carrie; s.s s :. picked up momentum had lost when
Howard heard yen have been that yen that broke the
greedy knives reaching his
shred him death. he jumped
to the bundle rack Of his wagon!
together, ground And them
just cry looked about
The Mystery Of the Machine Owner
hurry" said had been pull
bundles through she started he looked
Il n % sss a 'sn s | sn.' as
stop and give me chance to get o. and not
up gave the myself"
this Howard can't whether that platform
Il have often wondered goes to say
his get the thing going had taken hold Of of the cross
gear whether Of saving
life limbs don't know The least could do thank him. which
week late. he the gate and have been wondering
finally got happy
but in case he goes broke again. here's ten bucks he can put
~ " 60 az copyish.-wNu serv,e.