davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1939-02-24
Social and Persona
o ST. PAUL @

A0JJ a CYL uoA 40S III AAOiOl VI WI D.
Maude Mitchell of Sheridan, Wyo-
ming, mother of Mr.. Elmer Harris.
Mr.. Harris was also a guest. Mrs.
Mitchell, who was in the city to at
tend the Harris recital Friday night
left Tuesday, February 81, for
home. While here she was the
house guest of Mrs. Bette Jones
of TAT St. Anthony avenue.
Mrs. ]. C. Sleet Returns
Mrs. ]. C. Sleet of 859 Aurora
avenue has returned from Daven-
port, Iowa, where she was called
on account of the death of her
brother, Walter L. Miller, who died
in that city Monday, February 6.
Surprise Party
Mrs. Leroy Lazenbury of 991 w.
Central avenue engineered a sur
prise party on her husband, Leroy,
Thursday, February 16, that was
really complete surprise. Paul
Boswell was designated to take Lee
Roy out It'll the guests had time to
gather. When Leroy walked in
and the guests yelled surprise, he
actually was so overcome he fell
out. A large array of presents
greeted him.
Sleigh Ride Party
The Third Annual Sleigh Ride
Party of the Athletic Club Girls
was given Sunday, February 10.
The party started from the home
of Mrs. Rhetta Ray of 608 st. An
thony avenue, and returned after
a two hour ride for lunch. Those
enjoying the fun were Mesdames
Marie Sykes, Margery Hopkins,
Florence Mobiley, Bessie White,
Catherine Williams, Lillian Nc
Gavock, Evalyn Houston, Irene
Jackman, Lizzie Clark, Evalyn
Howard, Billy Harper, L. Ridley,
Rhetta Ray, Aloma Farrell, Mil
bred Williams, Helen Moore, Jetta
McPheeters, Cecil Lewis, Virgilee
Washington, Maggie Jenkins, Alma
Freeman, Mae Sisson, Amy Gard
ner, the Misses Adele Graham and
Gladys Smith and Mrs. Maude
Mitchell of Sheridan, Wyoming.
Two O'clock Bridge Club
The Two O'Clock Bridge Club
will meet Saturday, February 25, at
the home of Mrs. Paul Prince Bos-
well of 953 st. Anthony avenue.
Entire Nous Contract Club
The Entire Nous Contract Club
met Wednesday,, February Is, at
the home of Mrs. Ida M. Hanna of
$40 N. Western avenue. A VAL
entine motif was used for decora-
ton. Mrs. Gladys Lewis Harris
was awarded the prize at bridge.
Mrs. Ralph Gardner and Mrs. Ollye
Gum were guests of the hostess
and were awarded beautiful guest
gifts. The next meeting will be
Wednesday, March 1.
! Twin City Maids and MatrOns
, Contract Club
Mrs. Frances w. Davenport of
991 W. Central avenue was hostess
to the Twin City Maids and Ma
irons Contract Club Saturday, Feb
ruary 18. Lunch preceded cards.
First prize at contract was won by
group and Mrs. w. A. Porter ar
Mrs. Nora McCracken, second by
Mrs. Gale P. Hilyer, and the con-
ISOLATION by Mrs. Clarence W. Wig
ington. The guest prize was award
ed to Mrs. Frank Wigington. Mrs.
Charles P. Tyler was also a guest.
The next meeting will be Wednes-
day, March /, at the home of Mrs.
Gale P. Hilyer, 300 18th avenue S.,
Minneapolis.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1939-02-24
MODERNETTES

The Modernettes held their BIZ
monthly meeting Tuesday, Febru-
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1939-04-20
High School Third
In First Track Meet

Bluffton Highs inexperienced track
team trailed Findlay and Lima
South in triangular meet at Find
lay last Saturday afternoon.
| Findlay topped the scoring with
81 points; Lima South was second
with al, and Bluffton had ID.
Bluffton tracksters captured one
second, two third and five fourth
places in the meet
Events in which local athletes
placed were: 220-yard dash, Mumma,
fourth; shot put, King, second, and
Burkholder, fourth; high jump,
Fisher, fourth; discus, King, third;
mile-run, Klassen, third; 220-yard
low hurdles, Mumma, fourth.
1t was Bluffton's first meet of the
year, and with competition staged in
a steady drizzle Of rain Coach
Dwight Diller was unable to get a
true picture of the strength of his
untried squad.
One of this years track features
will be a district Class B meet on
the Bluffton field May 6. Invitations
have been sent to Oak Harbor, Ada,
Columbus Grove, Pandora, Ottawa,
Leipsic, Sycamore and Mt. Cory
High schools.
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1939-04-20

churches discouraging dancing in the
schools.
The junior-senior banquet held dur
ing the commencement season IS the
outstanding social function of the
school year at which the juniors en-
tertain the graduating class.
Dancing previously has not been
included in the evenings program,
although it is said that numbers of
those attending the banquet in form
er years left afterward to dance out
of town.
Following the boards decision
Monday night, Supt. Of Schools A.
J. B. Longsdorf suggested that a
committee composed of parents fa-
voring dancing and those opposed be
organized to work with the program
committee of the junior class in an
effort to work out an evenings en-
tertainment which would be mutually
satisfactory.
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1939-04-20
W Ar SCHOOL
Navy Officers
Get In Swim
Al Annapolis
Prepared BY National Ceooranhic Society.
Va sk,ir..tc., = 60 =

Prepared BY National Geouraphic Society.
Washington. d. C.--WNU Service.
To b. a midshipman at the
United States Naval academy
is the ambition of many an
American youth. But it takes
dogged persistence to become
one.
From every state and terri
tory of the United States
come the young men who
aspire to commissions as
naval officers. When you ar
rive at the academy a num-
Der of your future classmates
join you - lads from Massa-
chusetts, Arkansas, Hawaii, and
even from the Philippine islands.
Before l845, midshipmen were ed
ucated solely by experience at sea
and by such "book learning" as the
individual chose to acquire, with the
aid of ship school masters. "
George Bancroft, secretary of the
navy under President Polk, early
recognized the desirability of estab-
fishing naval school ashore.
Obtained Army Fort.
Eventually Secretary Bancroft OBJ
tanned transfer to the navy depart
ment of Fort Severn, an outmoded
army fort near Annapolis, and
founded there the naval school.
Commander Franklin Buchanan,
the first superintendent, had about
40 students and instructors.
From this slender beginning, the
naval academy has gone splendidly
forward, training officers for the ma
val service. The original naval
school has disappeared, but the
present group of 16 imposing build
ings, begun in 1898, has risen on the
foundations of the old. Now there
are about 1000 midshipmen at the
academy. A graduate of the acade-
my, describing his early experience,
said:
Il had hardly slowed the mass of
gear issued to me at the midship-
mems store, and shifted to my new
white uniform, when l prevailed
upon my roommate to guide me
around the Yard. From his vast
experience of three weeks at the
academy he could explain every
thing!
eve strolled across Farragut field
to the seawall and looked out over
the bay. A Chesapeake bugeye, with
raking masts and sails glistening in
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1939-04-20
Recreation Center

BitHfton's ping pong team lost to
Lima Westinghouse players last Wed
nesday night at Lima by a score of
II to 3. Bluffton players included
Jim Miller, Gene Zuber, Bob Watkins,
James Clark, Tony Wilson and Evan
Soash. Local players lost to the
same team a week ago by a score of
5 to T.
! kIf ***
Organization Of q Bluffton Checker
club was effected-at-a meeting of 19
players from the district last Thurs
day night at the home of John Diller.
Those at the session were from Lima.
Findlay, Pandora and Bluffton. Off
GERS named by the group included
Homer O. Dorsey, Findlay, president;
John Diller, vice president, and Gene
Zuber, Bluffton, secretary treasurer.
The newly organized group will be
known as the Northwest Ohio Check
er club and a clubroom will be estab-
lished in the Albert Steiner residence.
This weeks meeting will be there on
Thursday night.
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1939-04-20

A pleasant task at annapolis.
Widshipmnn Elton L.. Knapp of
Monroe, Mich, in command of
the third com pany, receives a kiss
from Hiss Ruth Scheidinger, also
of Monroe, after she presented
him nifh The coIors, the feature
eUenf OF the annual spring dress
parade.
"Bancroft's broad corridors rang
to our voices during that all too
short summer, while we new plebes
became acquainted with the rudi-
ments of military drill, seamanship,
small arms target practice, and
physical training. Yet in those care
free days we dreaded the return of
the upper-classmen away on their
summer cruise.
"Quite naturally, a plebe comes
to the academy somewhat overim-
pressed with his own Importance.
The inevitable deflation is some
times abrupt.
Even yelt i cannot Tecau WlIn-
out shudder that first day of aca-
demic year. I was steering a prop
er course down the middle of cor
ridor when voice behind me spoke ::
Where headed for, mister?'
The midshipmen's store, SIR
Sound off,
s'I was silent for a moment. A
first classman moved around into
my field of vision.
Good Lordi' the stern voice
cried. Don't you know tssound off,
means to tell me your name and
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1939-04-20

Schools in the Western Buckeye
league, of which Bluffton High is a
member, had a fine record in 1938-39
competition with non-league schools,
according to a summary compiled by
Sidney c. Stettler, Bluffton faculty
manager of athletics.
In football play last fall with nom
league schools, the six Western
Buckeye schools scored II victories,
one tie, and had only five losses
chalked up against them. League
schools scored 314 points to their op-
ponents' 107.
Teams defeating league schools in
football were top-notch outfits in
every respect. They were Sidney
Lima Central, Lima South, Ada and
Coldwater.
In football play against non-league
teams, Van Vert, Bellefontaine, and
st. Marys ended the season with
clean records. Van Vert had five
victories, scoring 112 points anc
holding their opponents scoreless.
Basketball play against non-leagut
teams found Western Buckley,
schools scoring 26 wins and losing
25. Bellefontaine with eight vic.
tories in nine games and Blufftor
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1939-04-20
Board Decides In
Favor Of Dancing

Continued from page IL
function where dancing is included
in the program.
Results of the questionable as an
nounced by Leland Diller, clerk OF
the board were: 68 yes; Il no; 4
neutral; % not returned.
BOARDS VoTE
In reaching its decision the vote
in the board stood:
Yes-Niswander, Steinman and
Patterson.
No-Gratz and Tosh.
The majority of the board based
its position on results of the poll
! which they said indicated that par
ents of three-ffths of the two classes
were in favor of including dancing
on the program; one-ffth opposed
and one-fifth not voting. Their ac-
ton, irrespective of personal opinion
was in keeping with the wish OF the
majority of parents, they stated.
The minority, strongly dissenting
declared dancing in the schools is
wrong and should be excluded and
said they could not vote for the
measure under any circumstances
Action of the board, 4 they held
leaves the door wide open to dancing
in the schools. ! The policy Of dane
ing in the schools, if continued
might bring about his resignation
from the board, Tosh stated follow
ing the vote.
MAKES RESTRICTIONS
Conditions attached to the boards
majority decision, however, require
that dancing at the banquet be
properly supervised and that attend
ance be limited to juniors, seniors
and members of the high school
faculty No member of either class
will be permitted to invite any out
side guests.
Decision Monday night was the
first vote of record OH the question
of dancing in the Bluffton schools
to be taken by a local board of edu-
cation. The matter was brought
to a head last week when a group
of parents and officers of the two
upper classes appeared at the regu-
lar meeting of the board and asked
that dancing be included in the pro-
gram of the annual junior-senior
banquet.
A suggestion was made by the
board at that time that an express
sion of parents of the pupils be OBJ
tanned in regard to the matter and
the board agreed to hold special
meeting Monday night to again take
up the question.
PRESENT RETURNS OF POLL
Presentation of the returns was
made to the board by Ralph Short,
president of the junior class at the
opening of the meeting in the cafe
terra Monday night.
Following this, discussion contin-
ued for more than an hour on both
sides of the question. Also resolu-
tons were read from councils of the
Ebenezer and First Mennonite
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1939-04-20
FIFTY FAMOUS
FRONTIERSMEN
~ ETAfn cCnTT yuATcON


oCovERNOR of the state of Frank
~ lin: six terms governor OF
Tennessee; four times elected TO con-
gress, protector and hero of Kings
Mountain: 81 battles-35 victories; his
Indian war cry was: Here they are
Come on, boys, come on -"
Such Is the inscription on one side
and 1t sums up the career Of one of the
most romantic figures in frontier his
fory-that OF John Sewer, ''Noli-
chucky Jack"
Born in Virginia in 1744 of French
Huguenot family, Sewer emigrated to
James Robertsons Watauga settlement
In eastern Tennessee in 1773. Almost
Immediately the young virginian be-
came a leader in various forays against
hostile indians. BY his audacity and
the swiftness and unexpectedness OF
his attacks on the Indian towns, he
broke the spirit of the Cherokees and
their allies and prevented their being
used by the British in rear attack on
the colonies during the Revolution.
He used the same tactics In one OF
the most brilliant victories over the
British during that war. He was one
OF the leaders of the mountain men In
their swift dash TO trap Colonel Fer.
guson and his troops at Kings noun
tain before they could receive aid
from Cornwallis, and thus contributed
to the victory at Yorktown.
After the Revolution the Watauga
settlement became an orphan. Neither
North Carolina nor the new federal
government seemed to want 1t. So in
1854 the settlers organized the inde-
pendent state OF Franklin, a common
wealth unique in American history,
and elected "Nolichucky Jack" as their
governor When North Carolina tried
to assert its authority over the region
again, the settlers resisted. =
Their governor was singled out for
punishment, treacherously betrayed,
captured and placed on trial at Nor
gantown, N. c., for high treason. And
at once more than 1000 of the noun
tain men assembled to rescue their
beloved "Nolichucky Jack" A civil war
seemed imminent. But Sewer made q
spectacular escape from his captors
and q Short time later his people
elected him to the North Carolina Ieg-
isIature There was some protest over
seating him but eventually he was al
lowed to take Office.
From that time on he was never
long out of public life--as congress-
man from North Carolina, as the first
governor of the new state of Tennes-
see. and then repeatedly reelected,
and thrice reelected to congress. He
died as he had lived-in the harness
and In the field. The end came il 1915
in tent on a surveying expedition for
the government, surrounded by his
soldiers.
c. 1888. Western Newspaper Union
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1939-04-20

state? Well then, what did Lawrence
say?'
Il remembered Perry's battle
flag, the navy's most historic BAN
ner, preserved in Memorial hall.
Rough white letters on faded
blue background spell Captain Law
rence's last words as he lay dying
on the deck of the Chesapeake.
Don't give up the ship, SIR /
blurted out.
Well now, that's better The
voice was more kindly. What did
Dewey do?'
"sSir?'
See here, mister, you're terri
bly, ignorant of naval history and
tradition. Report to my room at
$3.50 tonight for instruction. Savvy?'
Yes, SIR
Shove off, Such was my first
encounter with an upper-classman.
Your Brace Is Terrible
SAT dinner formation, standing
stiff1y erect in the rear rank, eyes
riveted on the back of the midship-
mans neck in front, | believed I cut
a perfect military figure. But some
one growled behind me, Pull your
self together, mister. Your brace
is terrible
81 stiffened to a more rigid posi-
ton. Presently we marched off to
music played by the hell CATS as
the midshipmen drum and bugle
corps is called by the regiment.
From the regimentaI commander
came the order, 'SE-ATS!' Two
thousand chairs scraped in uni
son and roar echoed through the
huge white mess hail."
1t is a busy life. During a nor
NAL day, midshipman attends sev-
en- military formations, recites three
times, and drills once. He is in
spected frequently, both for person
al appearance and for cleanliness
of his room, for which he and his
wife" or roommate, are jointly
responsible.
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1939-04-20

the fading sunlight, came flying into
the harbor on the last of the sea
breeze. She was loaded to the gun
wales with fresh oysters.
Stroll Through Grounds.
"Facing about, Bancroft hall tow
cred above us in massive solidity.
My roommate pointed out the arm
ory, Dahlgren hall, where midship-
men keep their rifles and drill in
foul weather, and Macdonough
hall, the gymnasium, where the fu-
ture admirals do 'stoop falls
and knee bends
1--WE strolled through Thompson
stadium, scene of many a gridiron
battle, and passed under the ter
race to Stribling walk. There the
Indian chieftain intrigued me.
Who's the old gent?' / inquired.
SSH He put his finger to his
lips in mock fear. Don't let him
hear you. That's Tecumseh, god
of the rs. Don't get him down on
you, or you won't be long around
these parts
s'He explained how midshipmen
are marked in class and at exami-
nation on a basis of for perfect
equivalent to 100 per cent?, and
that 2.5 is the passing mark. Any
score below that minimum. he said,
was 'bilging,' in academy parlance.
1--WE moved down Stribling walk
from Bancroft hall past the Mexi-
can monument to the academic
group (Sampson, Maury, sherwood,
and Mahan halls). This path mid
shipmen tread thrice daily, always
in military formation, to their stud
les.
Plebes Get Debated
ssAs we strolled back across the
terrace to our room, bugle sound
ed formation and a gong clattered
in the hall. Better step out to for
nation my roommate said, and
he ran toward our company pa
rade.
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1939-04-20
Western Buckeye League Schools
Have Fine 1899 Season Record

with five victories in seven starts
headed the parade.
Among the schools that defeated
league teams were Wiltshire, Cold
water, Lima Central, Bryan, Dayton
Fairview, North Baltimore, Berne,
Ind, Fort Recovery, Defiance and
Fostoria.
Some of the schools defeated by
league teams were Sidney, Kenton,
Lima South, Ada, Urbana, Upper
Arlington, Delphos Jefferson, Miami
isburg and Ohio City.
On the basis of football and
basketball records, Stettler said Bel
lefontaine emerged as the strongest
outfit in the loop. Van Vert was a
close second.
Buttons record gave the local
school third place; Wapakoneta was
fourth; St. Marys fifth and Celina
sixth. Bluffton is the only Class B
school in the league.
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1939-04-20
OUercaSt Skies
Obscure Eclipse

Amateur Bluffton sky-gazers were
disappointed "Wednesday noon when
overcast skies depried them of the
opportunity of viewing the first
eclipse of the year.
A partial eclipse of the sun was
scheduled from 1885 a. m. to 1928
p. m. About one-fourth of the sun,
the northern quarter was covered by
the disc of the moon when the
eclipse was at its maximum.
The Golden Rule is the most use
full of all measurements.
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1939-04-20

Ohio farmers who apply both
limestone and fertilizer on soils
which have an acid reaction get
greater returns from each dollar in
vested in the combined soil treat
ment than do farmers who use fer
tilizer without first applying lime.
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1939-04-20

Disease Control on Wild Life
Disease control on wild life was
first practiced in hoof and mouth
epidemic in deer in the Stanislaus
National forest in California.
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1939-04-20

Early pasturing does not put
much fat on livestock and it reduces
the total amount of forage that a
field would produce annually if the
livestock was kept in the barn lot
until the grass had time to get a
real start.
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1939-04-20

Scientists from the United States
Department of Agriculture report a
new manufacturing process which
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1939-04-20

produces an interesting substance
from whey. The substance resembles
rubber in some ways but is trans
parent. 1t is somewhat like glass
but is softer and is flexible. There
are six billion pounds of whey avail
able annually in the United States.
The man who lets a 10-cent argu-
ment lead him into a $40 bet de-
serves to lose.
Amerikai Magyar hirlap = American Magyar journal. [volume] (Youngstown, Ohio) 1911-1942, 1939-12-07
MISEK SoRRENDJE:

MISEk SoRRENDJE:
vasarnap reggel orakor kismise an
gol predikaci6val.
10: 30-kor nagymise magyar predika-
ci6val
Hetk0znapokon mise reggel S:30-kor.
GYoNTATASoK:
Minden szombaton delutan 3-5ig es
este 7-tG.
Minden els0 pentek elotti csiit0rt0k0n
delutan 3-5-ig es este 7-t8l
Amerikai Magyar hirlap = American Magyar journal. [volume] (Youngstown, Ohio) 1911-1942, 1939-12-07

December no 12-en, kedden
magyar moziel6adas a Central
Auditoriumban.
December 17-en, vasarnap
Magyarok Nagyasszonya Hit
k0zseg jubileumi banketje a
sajat termeben.
December h6 26-an, kedden
a Campbell Polgari Kor es Ma
gyar Haz tancmulatsaga.
December no 26-an, kedden
az oreg Ref. Egyhaz karacso-
nyi tancmulatsaga a Central
|Auditoriumban.
December 31-en, vasarnap
Szilveszter est Horvathek ven-
degl6jeben.
Amerikai Magyar hirlap = American Magyar journal. [volume] (Youngstown, Ohio) 1911-1942, 1939-12-07
ELOPIzETESI
NYUCTAzAS

Bogar Karoly, Levay Gyorgy
Mrs. R. Topich, Hanna And
ras, Matyas JOSEF, Bartyik
Matyas, Kuni Janos, Jerabek
Mihaly, 10th Jozsef, Farjevics
Andras, Papp Sandor, Hauser
Ignac, Molnar Istvan, Id.
Siroki Mihaly, Bagiyn Janos,
Palinszky Janos, Nemeth O.
Jozsef, Szabados Janos, Bod
mar Janos, More Janos, Kol-
lath Lajos, Sander Istvan,
Rozsnoki Simon, Horvath Jo-
zsef, Dick Kuthy, Jozsa Victor,
Jablonkai Andras, Zoltani Fe-
reno, Nemeth Janos, 10th F.
Andras, 10th M. Lajos, Bor-
sody c. Janos, Gurzon Lajos,
Kegany Ferenc, Hon Ferenc,
Vass H. Janos, Hajdu w. Jo-
zsef, Danko Janos, Ivan San
dor, Ferency Istvan, Fabian
Sander, Balasko w. Gyorgy,
Eszenyi Istvan, Dojcsak Jo-
zsef, G0nci Andras, Csete San.
dor, Marion Pal, Bobovecz
Marion, Debroszky Andras
Horvath Istvan, Kekes Janos,
10th H. Istvan, Hauser Ig-
mac, Sluka Ferenc, Kollos Ed
mond, Szilvasy: Janos, Dudas
M. Csernyik, A. Bauer, AL
maSy Gabor, Szalay Ferenc
Mrs. A. Simonovszky, Halasz
Janos, Ifj. Sztanko Janos, Ifj
Varga Gabriel, Virag JOSEF
Lukacs Mihaly, Jakab Istvan
Mrs, A. Geresy, Kormendy AL
bert, 10th B. Lajos, KopacsJ
Pal, Szerbati Istvan, Jancsural
Janos, Mrs. Jurista, Bakos ia
nos, Drozdik Mihaly, Benye
Laszlo, Giirtler Adolf.
Amerikai Magyar hirlap = American Magyar journal. [volume] (Youngstown, Ohio) 1911-1942, 1939-12-07
SOK A BETORES

A betorok tobb helyet lato-
gattak meg hetfon ejszaka, de
atlag keves eredmennyel.
Korutjukban beneztek a
First Christian templom, Wick
es Spring St.-i irodaiba, de
nem vittek ell semmit. Maid
betoresrol tett jelentest az E.
Federal St.-i Book-cip0 uzlet
vezetoje, ahol a bet0rok lever
tex a pancelszekreny lakatjat.
de meg sem tudtak a seek
renyt kinyitni.
ANIMAL t0bb eredmenyt er-
TEX ell a Wilson Avenuei Will
son mozihelyisegben, amelynek
pancelszekrenyebol 22O dollart
vittek Ell.