davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1939-12-31

The Governor of South Carolina
makes Banks" McFadden, stellar
back on the Clemson College team, a
lieutenant colonel on his staf "be-
cause of distinguished service to
South Carolina" On that basis, old
Jim Thorpe, once a ward of the Ma
ton, ought to be at least major
general in the Regular Army.
Evening star., 1939-12-31

A New York banker testif1es that
his family "owns, but does not exer-
else control" of an investment bank
ing firm. This is also true of num-
Der of ladies and their motor cars.
Evening star., 1939-12-31

4. The Associated Press is e<slusvely entitled to
ths use for republication of al news dispatches
credited to it or not otherwiss credited in this
aper and also the local news nublished herein.
All rights of publication of special dispatches
herein also are reserved.
Evening star., 1939-12-31
Rate bv Mail-Payable in Advance.
Member of the Associated Press.

Entered as second -class natter post once,
Washington. D. c.
Evening star., 1939-12-31

Though censors closely examine mall
coming from and going to all countries
in wartime, and scrutinize with special
care the mail Of persons suspected in the
remotest degree, messages constantly are
slipping through. The examination OF
mail is q stupendous task at best and 1t
is hardly to be expected that the postage
stamp on every letter will be removed.
especially If there is no reason to suspect
the missive. Yet 1t has been found that
spies have written messages. in invisible
ink, on the small space to be covered by
the stamp.
Spies are eminently clever and coun-
ter-spies must be even more so to be sue
cessful. The secret services Of all prin-
cipal European nations boast many ex-
perts and the game goes now to one side,
now to the other. In time Of war there
Is almost universal suspicion, most OF 1t
misplaced as against the suspected indi-
viduals, and yet there is no doubling the
existence Of many secret agents.
Evening star., 1939-12-31


products that Japan has to have in her
present situation.
The fact of the matter is that Amer
ican diplomats, for the first time in q
long while, are in a position to enjoy
the thrill Of having turned the tables
on another nation that tried to get the
better of the United States. The discom-
fort on the part of Japan is fully appre-
ciated.
It is the use c1 the economic weapon
that lies at the bottom of present Amer
ican foreign policy.
This Nation is immensely powerful in
an economic way. That power gradually
Is being aligned on one side Of the Euro
pean struggle and could be aligned on
one side In the Far East. Those nations
that can draw upon the economic
strength Of the United States possess q
great advantage in long war.
A realization Of this fact lies back of
the gradually extended use Of the
moral embargo"
Through that extralegal weapon, a
word from President Roosevelt can serve
to shut oil key military supplies to Japan
and Russia and indirectly to Germany
At present, airplanes and airplane parts
are denied these countries. Recently Mr.
Roosevelt with word, shut OIL re-export
of rubber to Russia. Then, with another
word, he shut of export Of oil refining
equipment to the same nation.
There are signs that the Germans had
counted on using Russia as purchasing
agent in this country, In order to have
access to vital supplies. This plan u
! effectively scotched.
Evening star., 1939-05-10
Ban on Windsor's
Speech Scored.

To the Editor Of The Star:
England is free country, yet the Brit
ish Broadcasting Corp, government
monopoly. prevented English men and
women from hearing the former King
Edward VIII, the present Duke of Wind
sor, broadcast AN appeal to reason in
the light of world conditions"
Perhaps the Duke ought not to have
spoken; perhaps what he had to say was
not helpful. But 1t is difficult to believe
that his address was not intended to be
useful to his country. Many people in
Great Britain, remembering his quarter
century of service, would have liked to
have heard him speak. They were for
hidden the privilege.
Hitler Mussolini or Stain might have
been expencted to commit such crime
against liberty. The present government
of England has not strengthened itself
by initiating them. Democracy ought
not to be afraid of any voice on the air.
If the British throne and the British
commonwealth of nations are so un-
stable that they must be defended by
methods symptomatic of tyranny, the
cause of freedom would seem to be lost.
know, Of course, that 1t will be argued
that in time of trouble democracy can
not be allowed to function. But that
contention is no compliment to democ-
racy. The only variety Of liberty worth
fighting and dying for is the kind that
is valid in any crisis. ALDEN WARD.
May 8.
Evening star., 1939-05-10
Cadet Drill

The annual drill of the High School
Cadets of Washington is spectacle
well worth seeing, we'll worth think
Ing about. Company H of the Fourth
Regiment at Western, commanded by
Captain Allen Burdett, won this
years first honors; but the gallery
appeared to be agreed that every
contingent deserved a prize. Pro-
fessional judges, it seemed, might
experience no difficulty in deciding
which group was most entitled to
special recognition; yet the average
witness Of Mondays and yesterdays
maneuvers would have found the
task of discrimination impossible.
All of the twenty-one hundred boys
participating merited the cheers
they received.
Credit likewise is due to an excel
lent tradition. The average youth
of the District of Columbia is dis
tinctively American. When he
essays the manual of arms, he does
not forget that he is a volunteer. He
enlists In the cadets because he
chooses to; he makes of himself
good citizen soldier because it is his
personal wish so to do. There is
nothing to compel him to join in
military exercises; no dictator COM
Evening star., 1939-05-10

mands him; he Is not prepared for
aggressive action against any peace
full neighbor; no philosophy of "ex-
pansion" governs his thought; he
is not a cog in a machine designed
for conquest, but, rather, lover of
freedom and justice, learning how to
defend a democratic civilization as
a civilian in uniform.
The audience understands these
things. Hence its delight and pride
in the cadets and in their patriotic
aspiration. Any foreign critic who
vainly imagines that the people of
the United States are incapable of
protecting themselves and their
legitimate interests would learn
valuable lesson from such demon
stration as that staged in the Griffith
Stadium during the past two days.
Evening star., 1939-05-10
THIS AND THAT
BIZ Charles Z. Trace1peU,

There seems to be q great deal Of un-
necessary perturbation among home gar
deners as to the sort of bath to provide
feathered guests.
The matter to worry about, however, is
keeping the bath filed after one has ac-
quired 1t.
The artistic standards involved are
minor, after all.
There are bowls on tall pedestals, bowls
on short pedestals, bowls with no pedes-
tails at all, but one and all the baths
please the birds.
So the selection, as far as an art prob
lem is involved, is a matter of price and
preference.
The birds won't mind In the least II the
affair is small or unsightly, but it might
as well be good looking.
The point is that the birds are after
water.
Ask an average gardener to draw pic
ture Of bird bath, the chances are that
he will picture wide bowl on q standard.
The container for the water is all that
is necessary.
This may be pan, Of granite or glass,
set in the earth level.
Old tiles, If not too deep, make excel
lent baths.
There can be little question that birds,
as group, prefer the shallow bath.
Yet there have been many instances
of them using tubs and the like. Prob
ably it is question of necessity, in some
instances. There are cases Of birds
choosing deep tub to properly made
official bath on q pedestal.
Man does not know very much about
bird life, after all, despite the extended
studies which have been made in recent
years. Here is a devoted woman scien-
tist who spends all year watching pair
of song sparrows, and another year writ
ing a large book She would be the last
one to say she knew much about spar
rows!
Birds will not always use bath when
1t is put out.
Some times they may wait an entire
year before using it.
So let no one be disappointed II the
songsters seem immune to the blandish-
ments of the bird-loving gardener whose
sole aim is to please them.
+
There may be another bath in the i'm
mediate neighborhood which they prefer,
and go to whenever thirsty or feeling In
need Of q bath.
Wait patiently. and they at last will
Evening star., 1939-05-10

olic countries. Apart from the Vati-
cans special interest in the avoid
ance Of conflict between two nations
made up so largely Of adherents OF
the Church of Rome, Plus contem-
plates, with the horror that fills men
everywhere, the possibility Of a war
that would probably embroil half of
the world and administer twentieth
century civilization a devastating
blow.
1t is fer all these reasons that the
Pope has directed his nuncios in
London, Paris, Berlin and Warsaw to
convey to the heads OF the govern
ments to which they are respectively
accredited his holiness ardent de-
sire for peace" The papal delegates
are instructed to communicate "the
prayers Of the Holy See that peace
not be compromised, and that pend
ing questions be solved by the peace
full means to which all concerned,
after all, say they are disposed"
The kernel of Plus appeal is con-
tained in the phrase ito which all
concerned, after all, say they are
disposed" In those words, the Pope
in effect asks that dictators and
democracies alike eschew lip service
to peace and proceed to make
it. Hitler is eloquence itself in as
serting Germanys pacific purposes.
He wound up his now celebrated re
ply" to President Roosevelt on April
% with profession of concern" for
"the justice, well-being, progress and
peace of the whole human COM
munity."
A Pax Germanica is the only sort
Of peace the Fuehrer hitherto has
been interested in sealing. He has
achieved it by intimidation and the
threat Of force. The Pope has given
Hitler a chance to convert his fine
words into worthy deeds. Danzig
and the Polish Corridor offer him an
acid test of sincerity.
Evening star., 1939-05-10
Challenge to Education

A hitherto unknown Yugoslavian
has recently crashed the gates Of
fame by an extraordinary CASTRO
nomic feat. He devours newspapers,
not in the figurative fashion so
ardently desired by publishers and
advertisers, but literally and truly.
After a preliminary course of train
Ing on tabloidS, he has now worked
up to full and nourishing meals of
forty-tWo page Sunday editions. His
technique consists first in finding
victim who has never heard of his
proWess and Turing him into bet.
When the money is up, he tears the
paper into strips, and eats it like
spaghetti. Breathing easily, he comes
in under double wraps, pockets the
purse, and goes hunting for another
client.
1t must be remembered, however,
that no one knows what he can do
in competition. This Yugoslavian, all
puffed up with pride and newsprint,
may be what is known on the turf as
a morning glory-one who can do
well enough in morning workouts,
but fails in real contest. And yet,
with terror tactics reminiscent of
Hitler, he defies the world, and in
particular must imply that the
higher education of America is a
wasted effort, a snare, and delusion.
1t is indeed all too true that until
his bluff is called, our universities
will be on trial, so to speak. Let
them not shrink from their task.
1t is the obvious patriotic duty of all
students who have passed courses
in goldfish gastronomy to buckle
down to serious work in their Junior
year, and take up pulp gulping. If
their training is conducted wisely
surely some Johnstown will emerge
from the ruck, who can overtake this
Yugoslavian braggart in thedstretch,
along about page thirty-six, and
coast home easily on a dessert of
Moon Mullins, while his rival is still
houndering In the want ads.
Evening star., 1939-05-10
The Senute Retreats

The fact that the Senate on Mon
day added $33S,OOOOOO to the farm
bill to finance parity payments and
marketing of crop surpluses-sub-
sides to be paid through more gov
ernmental borrowings disturbing,
but far less so than the circumstances
under which these extra items were
approved.
For some months past the country
has heard repeated warnings from
men like Senators Taft, Byrd, Harri-
son and Bridges that the New Deals
policy of continually spending in ex-
cess of its income carried a grave
threat of impending fiscal disaster.
In view of these previous excellent
statements it was only reasonable to
suppose that some or all of these
Senators would have raised their
voices in protest against the farm
bloc's new raid on the Treasury, even
though realizing the enlarged ap-
preparation would be passed over
their opposition.
But such was not the case. A
reading of the Congressional Record
for Monday reveals the astonishing
fact that not single Senator-Re-
publican or Democrat, ECONOMY
minded" or otherwise-made the
slightest objection to this contem-
plated addition to the national debt.
1t is true that Senator King, sup
ported by Senators Vandenberg, Cap
per and Holman, criticized the ad-
ministration's fiscal policies in a
general way, but even they made it
clear that their remarks were not
directed to the farm bill. In the face
of the record, 1t is difficult to arrive
at any other conclusion than that
the Senate, in respect to this bill,
at least, has tossed economy to the
political wolves.
On other occasions when the issue
of Government spending has been to
the fore the economy minded SEN
ators have urged that the President
should take the lead in cutting ex-
penseS. But that argument can af-
ford them small comfort now. for
not only were the parity payment
and crop surplus items defeated in
the House, but the President and Sec
retary Morgenthau have openly op-
posed their adoption by the Senate
unless accompanied by new taxes to
offset the increased appropriation.
If the House now accepts the in
crease, as appears probable in view
OF the Senates action, the President,
assuming Congress will not incur
the political risk of providing new
taxes, will have little choice but to
sign the bill and boost the debt &C
cordingly.
In the course of the debate on the
measure Senator Vandenberg re-
newed his demand that the Presi-
dent be given power to veto indi-
vidual items in appropriation bills.
But even if the President had such
power and cared to exercise it in this
instance, the Senate would not be
exculpated of having shirked its own
responsibility.
Evening star., 1939-05-10
AirmuiI Pickup

A new chapter in airmail history
is to begin Friday when the Post
Office Department will inaugurate
the first regular airmail pickup serv-,
ice in history.
For years the railroads have de-
posted and picked up mail from
moving trains as means of saving
time. The airmail pickup service,
though operating in the same way,
is even more important. It will per-
NIT direct airmail service to COM
munities which, because they can
not afford to construct airports, have
not had ready access to airmail IA
cilities.
Following the inaugural Friday,
on limited scale in West Virginia
and Ohio, the service will be ex-
tended a little at time until, by
July 4, two routes will be in opera
tion serving f1fty-nine communities,
most of which never have had the
service, in Pennsylvania, Delaware,
West Virginia and Ohio. When it is
considered that all of the existing
airmail routes in the United States
provide direct service to only 18O
cities, the scope of the new service
may be appreciated.
The pickup device to be used has
been in process of development over
period of twelve years, part of the
work having been done here at
Washington Airport. 1t now is re-
garded as perfected and it's use has
been approved by the Civil Aero
nauticS Authority
Evening star., 1939-05-10

use the vessel you 80 thoughtfully put
out
-
And the show is worth waiting for.
Perhaps personal experience may
give an intimate picture Of what to ex-
pect and what not to expect.
Most gardeners have pretty picture
in their mind to this effect:
That bird bath will bring the crea-
lures in flocks, all Tapping their wings
and splashing water.
1t doesn't always work out that way. A
much patronized bird bath was an old
tile, about 2 inches deep, sunk into the
ground.
This was always patronized.
We thought that q similar tile would
do equally well in our own garden, but
it didn't.
An entire year passed, as a matter Of
fact, before q single bird visited it, al
though hundreds Of them fed at feed
ing station within feet of 1t.
Figure this out, If you can. We never
could.
But wait q moment!
This spring all this changed.
The birds at the feeder took to the
bath with one accord.
There was scarcely minute of the
day when one or more of them could
not be seen drinking or splashing.
The robins, in particular, have seemed
to love 1t.
A robin will spend as long as five
minutes splashing in evident pleasure.
He will be followed by song SPAR
row, which will turn first one side and
then the other, into the water.
~
Rainfall has been sufficient so far this
spring to keep shallow bath pretty we'll
filled, but later on it must not be de-
pended upon.
Once bird bath is in full swing it is
necessary to see to 1t that 1t is never
low.
A hot day in summer will dry up a
few inches of water in no time
The gardener must have some sys-
tematic plan of action, so that he thinks
OF the matter when it is necessary to
think of it.
Careful survey of bird baths show
that most of them are empty.
So why have them? They are a dis
appointment to the birds and not much
OF garden ornament without them.
Even If a bath has exceptional lines
and perfect placement, 1t is so much
better looking with few real, live birds
In and around it that the extra effort
to keep it filled at all times is very much
worth while.
Evening star., 1939-05-10
The Pope's Peace Move

In his first public statement after
ascending the papal throne a few
weeks ago, Plus XII indicated that
he looks upon world peace as one of
the cardinal ideals to which he de-
sires to attune his reign. Since that
pronouncement European conditions
have drifted from bad to worse, so it
is not surprising to find the Holy
Father in mood to weld his corona
ton sentiments into practical action
at moment when peace seems again
to hang perilously in the balance.
Both Germany and Poland, whose
difficulties are responsible for the
latest threat OF war. are great Cath
Evening star., 1939-05-10
Freedom of Action
For President Urqed
Majority Of Editors Oppose
Restrictive Neutrality
Legislation

Expiration Of the provision Of the Neu-
trality Act giving the President discre-
tionary power to apply the cash.and-
carry plan in time Of war, and congress
sional hearings on neutrality legislation
have evoked new discussion In the press
on what should be the policy of the
United States.
While there is far from unanimity Of
opinion, considerable number Of the
commenting newspapers think there
should be some form Of cash-and-carry
legislation. Others are of the opinion
that this country should return to the
classical form of neutrality which pre-
vailed before 1914, waiting until the out
break OF war to take steps, II necessary,
to legislate neutrality.
Advocating that the President be given
back freedom of action under the rules
of international law, the Manchester IN.
H. Union says that the trouble with the
present neutrality problem is that 1T has
to deal with unpredictable situations
that in each case presents different de-
mands."
"A policy adjusted to one situation"
states the Union, might prove imprac-
tical or injurious when applied to an
other. So the reasonable course would
seem to be to abandon the attempt to
provide ready-made legislation to meet
all cases and deal with each emergency
as it arises"
The Baltimore Sun, arguing against
mandatory embargo provisions, says they
hamper and restrict the President in
the conduct Of our affairs in any criti-
cal emergency that may arise" "The
expiration of the cash-and-carry pro-
Visions" the Sun thinks, leaves the
President freer hand in the conduct of
our interchanges with other nations in
time of crisis. But until the embargo
provisions are repealed or modified, he
will not enjoy full discretion for which
critical contingencies in world affairs al
ways call"
The st. Louis Post-Dispatch believes
the -andcarry plan proposed by the
Pittman bill would restore to Great Brit
ain and France assets which they had
before the Neutrality Act was adopted.
1T is not question of whether we will
do something which pleases Great Brit
ain and France" comments the Post
Dispatch. 1T is question of whether
we will undo something which unfairly
and in violation of international prece-
dent strengthens Berlin and Rome"
I'VE are not neutral in thought, but
we can be neutral as a government" !"
thinks the Bremerton (Wash) Daily
News Searchlight 1T ought to be pos
sible to devise a neutrality law that will
keep us neutral so long as we desire to
visions, will not plunge us willy-nilly into
war. And the decision for or against war
should remain in Congress, where the
Constitution vests it."
Evening star., 1939-05-10

ties of Great Britain and her vast pos
sessions, self-determination for all Ger
mans everywhere, an extension of the
good-neighbor policy to all dictators, our
own domestic shortcomings. and the
Christian philosophy in general may
prove tragically beside the point
More Light" will surely find more
light in those parts of the new German
Bible that have been deliberately with
held from the non-German world And
to disseminate it would be a public
service, not "a build-up of international
hate" R.D. MILLER.
Nav &