davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1939-11-03
Letters to the Editor
The Late Senator Robinson
Elected BY Legislature.
To the Editor Of The Star:

The 1Ate senator H0010000
Elected BY Legislature.
To the Editor Of The star:
There appeared In the issue Of your
paper Of the 30th ultimo Q conmunica-
ton signed by one +. H. Davis. In which
he calls your attention to . case he says
was apparently overlooked by you in
your editorial Of October II, concerning
Governors who resigned their ofdces for
the purpose Of being appointed to the
United States Senate by their successors.
He cites as such case that Of the late
Senator Joe T. Robinson Of Arkansas,
who. he states. first came to the Senate
by the method above indicated.
The statement of Mr.. Davis Is entirely
erroneous, inasmuch as Senator Robin
son was elected to the Senate In the
first instance by the Legislature of the
State of Arkansas, as was then provided
by the Constitution, the amendment for
the election Of Senators by the people
not having at that time been ratified
by the requisite number Of States.
The facts, shown by official records,
briefly are as follows:
Mr.. Robinson, while q Representative
in Congress, was elected Governor of
Arkansas in September, 1912, but was
not inaugurated until January 16. 1918,
resigning as a member Of Congress on
January IA, 1918.
On January 3, 1918, Je1f Davis, Junior
Senator from Arkansas, died. His first
term would have expired on March 3,
1918, but he had received q majority Of
the votes cast in the November election
for the six-year term beginning March
4, 1918.
On January 6, 1913, 10 days before
Gov. Joe T. Robinson was inaugu-
rated, George w. Donaghey, the then
Governor of Arkansas, appointed J. N.
Heiskell to fill the vacancy in the term
ending March 3. 1918, caused by the
death Of Senator Davis.
On January %, 1918, the Legislature,
having convened in regular session in
the meantime, duly elected w. M.
Kavanaugh as Senator to succeed Mr..
Heiskell, the appointee Of the Governor,
for the remainder of the unexpired term.
and on the same day elected Governor
Robinson as Senator for the full six-year
term beginning March 4, 1918.
Mr. Robinson served as Governor until
March 8, 1918, and on March 10. 1918,
first took the oath Of ofnce as Senator,
not by an appointment by the Governor,
but by virtue of his election by the then
duly constituted tribunal, namely, the
legislature of the State Of Arkansas.
Evening star., 1939-11-03

ITS all right In tho summer time, !"
to quote the old music-hall ballad,
but now approaches the season when
one would hate to b. an early morn.
ing radio announcer.
Evening star., 1939-11-03
Suggests Policies for
University Of Maryland
To the Editor Of The Star:

TO t0e 6ultoE % 4uS Ct88s
My attention has been called to arti-
cles which have been published about my
alma mater, the University Of Maryland,
In recent weeks.
My amazement at its mushroom
growth is only exceeded by my concern
and wonder as to how well 1t can edu-
cate each student enrolled, and how well
1t can perform the various research and
extension duties imposed upon 1t by law.
The University Of Maryland has some
loyal graduates who are patient and long
suffering about the loss Of an important
foot ball game or two. but those Of us
who have been graduated there and
have sons and daughters there to b
graduated require that certain condi-
tions exist ct the institution ct Ill times.
They are:
!. Complete academic freedom for
faculty ana students - well - for the
great research workers and the sxten-
don workers who COMPACT tie people q
Evening star., 1939-11-03

the State. Partisan politics does not
help them do their work.
2. Maryland traditions and reputation
Of thought and action should be carefully
fostered and nurtured. especially at this
period In our history.
3. Devotion of . larger proportion Of
the budget to the agricultural college, the
experiment station, the extension serv.
Ice, the research work and the sradu-
ate school, commensurate with the
heavy proportion Of taxes that rural
property owners have to pay.
I. Patrons should be allowed to read In
the press reports, provided for by law,
informing the people Of the State about
the expenditure Of funds and the results
obtained.
SYDNEY SNOWDEN STABLER, 10.
Hyattsville, Md.
Evening star., 1939-11-03

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address OF
the ,Drtter, although the use OF
a pseudonyn for publication Is
permissible. Please be brief!
Evening star., 1939-11-03

The Associated Press 10 exclusively entitled to
credited to to It or not otherwise M Credited in this
paper and also the local news published herein.
All rights Of publication Of special dispatches
herein also are reserved
Evening star., 1939-11-03
Protests Plan to Restrict
Activities Of Women.

ACtlVltle3 0l women.
To the Editor Of The Star;
recently read Q press dispatch from
Washington which stated that In the
event the United States entered the
European conflict. women, by the dictum
OF our Government, would be greatly
restricted in the part they would be per-
mitted to play In the international
drama. May express my opinion Of
this apparently all-so-kind considera-
ton for "the female of the species" and
make myself clearly understood?
To begin with, I am unalterably op-
posed to war as means Of settling
international issues: but If the con-
ttngencies Of this conflict. In which
women have no voice, do draw us into
the maelstrom, I vigorously protest
against the circumscribed sphere our
sGovernment would assign to our sex.
Always, when women have asserted their
claim to equality with men, the mascu-
line trump card has been triumphantly
tossed on the table: ''You can't shoulder
a gun and fight" despite the fact that
IN this country and in many others, in
past wars. women In unsuspected num-
bers donned mems attire and, until
wounded or killed, held their own
through thick and thin with their male
comrades. Let us not brush aside such
heroic examples as Joan of Arc, Cath
arine OF Russia, Isabella Of Spain, Molly
Pitcher and many others, regardless Of
the side on which they fought, since I
am emphasizing. not the right or wrong
OF their convictions, but their fitness to
bear their share Of the load.
The colossal sin Of men In power in
every country on the earth, therefore, Is
their refusal to give up control of the
destinies Of women. thus defraudins
humanity OF progress. Until . mighty
repentance humbles their hearts In the
sight Of God and this great wrong Il
righted, there can be no true peace for
mankind. pHARE pr,rrcH
Minneapolis, Minn.
October Z.
Cofrects Error In
Star Article.
70 the Editor Of The Star:
Referring to the Associated Press
notice In The Sunday Star on Page A-3,
under "Csecho- -slovakia's Legation cele-
brates 2ist Birthday" wish to inform
you that am not . member Of Csecho-
elovakian Legation Stan. that did not
participate in any celebrations Of Octo-
bF y, and that did not make any ~
marx mentioned In the notice.
October =. oTAXAR EADNAo.
Evening star., 1939-11-03
The Evening Star Newspaper Company
Main Once: 11th st. and Pennsylvania Ave.
New York Once 110 East 42nd at.
Chicago Once: 435 North Michigan Ave.
Member Of the Associated Press.

Entered as second-class matter post once.
WaShington. D C..
Evening star., 1939-11-03

correct IN his declaration last March
that the mass Of the Filipinos are over
whelmingly in favor of independence.
We have always promised to grant them
independence. General Douglas Mac
Arthur, field marshal of the common
wealth army at Manila, recently said:
1T has been assumed, in my opinion
enormously, that Japan covets these
islands. Strategically, possession of
these islands would introduce an element
OF weakness in the Japanese empire. It
would split that empire militarily into
two parts. separated by broad stretch Of
nearly 1000 miles Of ocean. And be-
tween the two parts Of Japan would lie
its present military enemy, China"
Japan VIII not divide its armies and
fleet to annex the Philippines. This is
because Of the danger to japan from
the nearby great Soviet Russian army,
air force, submarines and small cruisers
at the north Of Japan. In any event,
the trade Of Japan is naturally increas-
ing. because Japan Is near the Phil
tppines and their wares and merchan-
disc TOR the islands are so inexpensive.
The maxiwum number of Japanese in
the Philippines has reached about
2o.17s. Some 5000 Of these have left
the Philippines since the outbreak Of
the war In China. In concluslon, We
certainly cannot proceed to the de-
fense Of the South American countries
situated on the Atlantic Ocean II the
American deet must be held alert In
the Pactnc ready to 60 to the defense Of
the Phlhppines-7,000 miles from San
Francisco. WILLIAM @. RIVERS,
Maj. Gen. q. 8. Army (retired.
{ NV York CITY.
October 20.
Evening star., 1939-11-03

Q. How can obtain Q booklet On
proper usage Of words Of the Enslish
lAnSuAse?-M. r. r.
. A. - Paee Al Of teday's etas.
Evening star., 1939-11-03

Jemlma WILKINSON, daughter Of q Rhode
Island farmer, became imbued with re-
hgious leadership and calling herself
"the Publick Universal Friend" gained
many converts. She established COM
munities in . number Sof New England
towns and later, In 1913, founded q
colony in Yates County, New York, which
she called Jerusalem.
@. How thick is the hide Of q hippo
potamus?-W. H. B.
A. The hide Of the animal Is 11a
inches thick.
q. Who was the first short-story writer
In the United States?-G. j. M.
A. The short story, as 1t Is now defined.
had its beginning in America in the
Sketch Book" Of Washington Irving.
Before 1919 there had been an abund-
ance Of short fiction, but Irving was
the first to recognize that 1t could be
nodded into . literary form Of its own.
After Irving. the next important figure
in the history Of the short story was
Nathaniel Hawthorne. who gave It beauty
Of style and perfected for 1t an artistry
that called forth the praise Of Poe. It
was Poe who defined the short story
- one that could be read at Q sitting.
q. Do ants obtain food from other
ants bodies?-J. 7. M.
A. This peculiar feature Of ant life
Is known ~ trophallaxis. Food Is stored
in sac, distinct from the stomach, and
from this sac 1t Is regurgitated not only
for the young BY nursing workers, but
for any other ant which desires to par.
take Of It.
Q. How can I obtain Q booklet On
proper usage Of words Of the Enslish
lansuase?-N. r. T.
+. A. - Pass Al Of teday's stax.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-10-21
Injured Taken From Harding
trafalgar Day
Is Observed
By British

London, Oct 21.-(AP)-This is
Trafalgar Day and while Great Bri-
tam honors the memory Of her great
est naval hero, Lord Nelson, $50, 900
of her youngest men carry out his
famous orders, England expects that
every man will do his duty"
The estimated one-fourth million
between the ages Of 20 and % call
Cd up for service some weeks ago
must be registered by tonight for
possible duty.
While they were signing up
Wreaths were brought to the base of
the tall Nelson column in busy
Trafalgar Square commemorative
Britain's victory over the French
fleet off the coast of Spain exactly
1874 years ago.
AS England fought Napoleon then
so she fights Hitler now with the
heavy movement of the war at sea
heightening a blockade of Germany
while troops stand beside the French
in the mud of the western front
British military authorities said
(COntinuod on Page FO1lr\
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-10-21
26 Persons Taken Off
Battered Liner O n
S TT e t c h ers; Paul
johnson, Cabin Boy,
Washed Overheard!
Ship Struck By Hurri-
cane.

New York, Oct. I'll (AP) =
TWenty-six persons were removed
on stretchers from the U. S. liner
President Harding today when the
storm-battered vessel arrived after
one of the most dramatic voyages in
modern maritime annals.
Eyes were blackened, bones frac-
tured, and bodies bruised by tumb-
ling furniture and heaVing decks
when the 1860 ton liner was caught
by bowling hurricane after rescu-
ing the crew Of the torpedoed Bri-
is freighter HeronspOol
Altogether 70 passengers and crew
members were injured in the storm
all but the 26 most seriously hurt
were able to walk by the time the
ship locked.
The cabin boy, Paul Johnson, was
washed overheard and lost when a
mountainous wave broke over the
decks.
Because of his death the President
Harding's flag was at half mast when
it arrived.
The hurricane which had eluded
meteorologists as the result Of war
time restrictions on weather reports
from ships at sea struck the liner
approximately 600 miles east of
Boston Tuesday night
Passengers said most of the in
Continued on Page Three.)
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-10-21
Pledges To Be Full
filled Only in Event
of Future Develop
ments, Calling f o r
Mutual Aid; urks
Not to Fight Soviets.

Ankara, Oct Mill
tNry leaders of Britain, France, and
Turkey completed extensive plans
today for military cooperation I'M
der the tri-partite mutual assist
2rce treaty.
The plans, however, will become
effective only in the event that the
nations are called upon to fulfill
their pledges Of mutual aid by fu-
ture developments.
(These pledges do not obligate
Turkey to enter the current war be-
tween Britain, France, and Ger
many on its present basis or to
fight under any circumstances
against Soviet Russia).
one conference which began
Wednesday concluded as General
Maxine Weygand, commander in
chief of French forces in the east
ern Mediterranean and Lieut.. Gen
e1al Archibald P. Wavell, British
middle-east commander, prepared
tc return to their respective head
quarters by plane.
Marshall Fezsi Cakmack, chief Of
the Turkish army, described the re-
suits as "hghly satisfactory
The military leaders were said to
have decided on the closest coopera-
ton and coordination of their staff
in Asia Minor Britain and France
were reported to have pledged
large quantities Of fighting planes
and war equipment for quick de-
livery to Turkey as we'll as assist
ance for the Turkish navy in the
R1ack Sea
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-10-21
Turks Pact
With Allies
Is Assailed
Soviets Declare Tur-
key Drawn Into Or
bit of War by Tri-
Power Treaty; Pact
Seen AS Wedge Be-
tween Germany and
u. s. G. r.

Moscow, Oct. 21.-(AP)-The
government newspaper, Isvestia, as
sailed the new British-French-
Turkish mutual assistance pact to-
day asserting it 'threW Turkey in
TO the orbit of war" in its first COM
ment on the pact which came at
ter failure of Soviet Russia and Tur-
key to negotiate a similar pact.
Isvestia said the tri-pOWer treaty
was an unsuccessful attempt to
drive a wedge between German and
the U. S. S. R., also to draw the u.
S. S. r. into a combination which
is chiefly directed against Ger
many and eventual enemies OF
England and France in the Med
itcrranean presumably Italy,"
Disagreement, the paper con-
tinued, cannot be evaluatCd as an
instrument Of peace. 1t drew Tur-
key into the orbit Of war"
Denying Russia would lose from
such an alliance, Isvestia said the
Soviet state maintained "freedom
action which cannot be said
about Tu.key-Turkey has assumed
possibility which cannot fail to
be reflected on Turkish pollces
within the nearest future.
The newspaper declared that a
Turkish Russian agreement was
incompatible with Turkeys I'M
dertakings under the British
French-Turl<ish treaty.
Isvestia said that under this
treaty Turkey is pledged to fight
on the side of Britain and France
against Germany and Italy,.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-10-21
Russia ants
Control Of
Dardaneles
Soviets May Assume
Mastery of Strategic
Gateway and of Tur-
k e Y; Nazis Believe
Turkey to be Carved
Up.

Berlin, Oct 21.-(AP)-Informed
Nazis intmated today that Turkey
may become another Poland.
The intimatiQn-and it was no
more than that-was based on the
government newspaper in Moscow,
said Russia had no reason to re-
greet Turkish action in signing a
mutual assistance past with Great
Britain and France.
Commentators pointed out that
Russia throughout her history has
resented British attempts to control
the Dardanelles, strategic gateway
% the Black Sea.
They said that as long as Tur-
key remained neutral Russia could
be satisfied to leave the Dardanellcs
in her friends hands.
But now that Turkey definitely
has allied herself with Great Brit
am, they asserted cause was given
for Russia, herself, to assume mas
tory not only of the strategic gate
way but of Turkey.
They said they believed Turkey
probably would be carved up as
Poland was by Germany and Rus
STA.
Meanwhile, release by DNR
which said that the challenge of
Britain and France in the European
war had been accepted, was de-
scribed authoritatively as intro
ducing no new element into the
Existing situation.
Officials said it was intended
merely to combat constantly re-
(Continued on Page Three)
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-10-21
British Convoy Is
Attacked by Planes
In the North Sea

London, Oct 2l-(AP)-The all
ministry announced that German air
craft had made an attack on a Brit
ish convoy this afternoon and were
driven off by British planes and anti
aircraft fire.
The announcement said: "Oul
fighters inflicted some casualties or
the enemy"
The announcement said:
Enemy aircraft was sighted this
morning by convoy in the North
Sea.
''In response to a signal fighter
aircraft were dispatched and the
enemy made off.
''This afternoon an actual attack
was made on the convoy by enemy
aircraft The escort vessels opened
fire and our fighters inflicted cas-
ualties on the enemy"
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-10-21
81 Die When
Two British
Ships Sink

Bordeaux, France, Oct. 2l.-(AP)
AT least 81 persons lost their lives
II the sinking of two British steam
ers in the Atlantic Tuesday, au-
tllorities estimated today as they
checked the stories of some 5000
survivors landed here last night by
a rescue ship.
Officials said that 81 apparent
~ had gone Gown with the York
hire and 6 or 7 with the City Of
Mandalay The two vessels were
unk by a submarine within a half
nour about 500 miles off the Span
Sh coast.
Tales Of hardships and terror
were told by the survivors, many
Of whom were taken to hospitals
suffering severely from exposure.
All those rescued were English or
East Indian en- route to England.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-10-21
ReynoIdsNot
For Repeal
OF Embargo
Junior n. G. Senator
Charges Russia With
The Sinking of Athe-
mia; Declares Repeal
of Arms Embargo
"Unwise and D a n
gerous".

Washington, Oct. 21.-(AP)-Sen-
alton Reynolds, Democrat, North Car
b na. announcing he was opposed to
re peal Of the arms embargo, told the
Snato today that in the sinking Of
tte British liner Athena the finger
oi guilt more clearly points to Russia
Y q any other nation"
Fantastic though it may seem" =,
the North Carolinian asserted, sit is
certainly less fantastic than some Of
the other startling surprises Of the
pa several months which already
q proved beyond any question.
While at the moment most Am
cican- beiie.c that Germany sank
ire Alher u. there has not been pub
lshcd shread of concrete evidence
" prove it.
"Buf Ia the absence Of concrete
evidence" Reynolds con t inued,
there S a much stronger circum-
s'antial case against Russia than any
other nation
The North Carolinian, who had
not previously announced his posi-
ton d the administration neutral
ly Dlli aid that while he favored
many Of its provisions, he thought
fCOntinUpd on Page ThrpP1
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-10-21
Daily Dispatch Bureau,
In the Sir Walter Hotel

Raleigh, Oct. 21.-Of course the
voting is still long time off and
there's time enough for all sorts OF
changes between now and then, but
as things stand today the principal
question worrying observers Of North
Cardinals coming political campaign
isn't who will win, but whether any
pep and vinegar whatsoever can be
injected into the race.
So far the answer is an emphatlc
mo, but it was sagely observed not
so long ago by one Of the North Car
olina's editorial writer's that there
never has been a really dull guOer-
material primary where there was
any opposition whatever; and the
prediction was made that the l94O
affair will prove no exception to the
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-10-21
Complete Military Plans
Between Turks And Allies
More Planes
Seen Off England

London, Oct. 21.-(AP)-The
air ministry announced that
"tWO unidentified airplanes were
sighted off the east coast of Eng
land about 2 p. m. 6 a. m.
EST and fighter aircraft were
sent up to intercept them.
The statement did not say
whether any contacts were
made.
The cOmmunique concluded
"air raid warnings were sounded
in the Hall and Grimsby areas
at about 2:3O as the all-clear
signal was given in both areas
about half an hour later. At one
coast town the drOne of aircraft
and the sound of gun fire was
heard before warning was heard.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-10-21
Observers Wonder If ANY
Pep Can Be Injected Into
The Race For Governor

rule, which is at it may be.
Certainly no one Of the suspected
half dozen candidates can claim any
edge over the filed at present There
are those who insist that Lieutenant
Governor w. P. Horton will have
the Administration support, which
if undeniably true would put him in
a mighty fine spot; but there is no
observable evidence that the state
ments are anything except the off
spring Of the hopes of those MAX
ing them. Neither by word nor act
has Governor Hoey manifested the
slightest preference for Horton-or
anyone else for that matter-nor has
any outstanding and admitted leader
Of the predominant ''ins' put his
CONTINUED on Page Four)
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-10-21
- Are Injured In
Wilmington Wreck
OF A. c.. l.. Train

Wilmington, Oct. 81. = (AP)-
Thirty-two persons, "a of them
Negroes, were painfully but not seri-
ously injured here this morning when
the Atlantic Coast Line passenger
train from the north collided head
on with an extra freight engine and
cabOOSe.
J. w. Woodward, conductor on the
freight engine, was the only person
admitted to the hospital. His ply
sician said he received bruises and
conclusions.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-10-21
pecial to Daily Dispatch.

Especial to Daily Dispatch.)
Bahson Park, Mass, oct. 2l.-"lhe
next thirty to sixty days should give
us a much clearer picture OF what
to expect from the European war
and from American business This
was the concluding comment OF
Roger w. Babson at the 26th annual
National Business Conference which
broke up here today.
Business men from all parts OF the
limited States attended the confer
ence. They were united on one point
that their businesses have seen one
Of the most sensational advances on
record. There was sharp disagree
ment. however, as to the cause OF
the increase. Many believed that the
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-10-21
GoldsboroMan
Dies From
Knife Wounds

Raleigh, Oct. 21.-(AP)-William
Henry Monk, about 27, Of Goldaboro
was fatally stabbed and B. L. Elks,
also Of Goldsboro, suffered knife
wounds in an alteration with three
unidentified Negroes here early to-
day.
Coroner Roy NJ. Banks said:
"Monk and Elks along with X. d.
(Continued on Page Three.)
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-10-21
Finland To
Float Loan
For Defense
Firms Orders Paasi-
XVI Back to Moscow
For alks; Ask 49,
100000 for Defense;
Showdown With Rus
STA Nears.

Helsinki, Oct. 21.-(AP)-Finland
moved today to float defense loan
of 50O,000,000 markka (about $780,
OOO) as she neared a showdown in
her relations with Soviet Russia.
Apparently morally strengthened"
by the recent Stockholm conference
in which she participated with Nor
way, Denmark, and Sweden, Finland
ordered her former premier, DR.. Julio
Paasikivi, back to Moscow to resume
talks expected to reach a turning
point in two or three days.
Foreign Minister Elias Erkko said
Il believe a solution may be found
with respect to the vital interests of
CONTINUED on Page Three)