davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Coolidge examiner., 1939-03-16

year. while Germany's moral stock
fell on the world market thanks to
Jewish persecution and the Czech
crisis. Barter trade (swapping) was
TO combat the more orthodox type of
agreement like Americas recipro-
cal program.
Among typical German signs-of-
the-timeS:
Cd Twenty-nine per cent of the
national income goes to the state
via taxes; 10 per cent more reach
the Reich's Golfers via social insur-
ance and enforced donations. OF the
basic 20 per cent, Is goes for re-
armament.
CD Total tax revenue for this
fiscal year Excluding Austria and
SudetenlanD will be SO, $50, 600, 600;
miscellaneous income, $50, 600, 600;
income via long and short term bor-
rowing. 81. 500, 600, 600; the rough to-
tai income, s14 ZOO, 900, OOO Today's
public debt stands at between 81
and "a billions, far larger in pro-
portion than the bemoaned u. S.
public debt.
I'D Minus cash, the Reich has paid
armament makers $500, 900, 900 in l.
o. US since November /. Bearing
no interest, half of them have gone
back to banks as collateral for loans.
Result: A completely artificial
credit structure which could collapse
overnight.
Chief worrier about this impossi-
bic situation has been DR.. Rudolf
Brinkman, successor as Reichsbank
president to DR.. Hjalmar Schacht.
On the job few weeks, Dr. Brink
man worried himself into a nervous
breakdown. Meanwhile develop
ments reveal that DR.. Schacht was
not kicked out Of the Reichsbank
into disfavor, but to tackle the job
Adolf Hitler had in mind when he
told the Reichstag January 80 that
Germany must export or die" A
financial wizard who has more
friends abroad than any other in
fiuential Nazi, DR.. Schacht is now in
charge of campaign to revive for
eign trade by Cd seeking new mar
kets to provide additional foreign
exchange. and 90 thawing out froz-
en- debts and credits created under
the Nazi system.
The significance of this situation
The Coolidge examiner., 1939-03-16
Religion

AS Eugenio Cardinal Pacelli. Pope
Plus XII was Vatican secretary of
state and an important mediator in
many a European squabble. His
two most notable achievements
were Cd leadership in the World
Benedict XIV and 90 contamination
Of the concordat that brought peace
between the Vatican and Italy. His
most difficult job was negotiating
treaty with Protestant Russia in
1929, a feat that won him the red
cap of cardinal when Pietro Gas
parri retired in 1929
When Pope Plus XI died last Feb
ruary 9, Secretary of State Pacelli
Immediately became camerlengo,
interim chief Of the Roman Catholic
church until the college of cardinals
could name a successor. Interna-
tionally better known than any other
potential candidate, Cardinal Pacel-
lis name was Immediately banded
about as the most likely successor.
This, despite his confessed longing
to lead the contemplative life of
monk, despite rumors that his Sc
lection would be none too welcome
by totalitarian Germany and Italy.
If Cardinal Pacelli had never ad-
mitted anti-dictator sentiments,
Italian Foreign Minister Count CT
amos newspaper. II TELEGRAPH, lost
no time pointing out that Pacelli
appointment would be unwelcome
in Rome. In Germany another
newspaper, Das Schwartz Korps.
chimed in. At the Vatican, German
Ambassador Carl-Ludwig Diego Won
Bergen told the college that his ma
ton was assisting at the elabora-
ton of new world" and that 1.-The
papacy without doubt has an essen
tial role"
Though conceivably unrelated to
these events, Cardinal Pacelli's ele-
walton to the papacy might be in
direct retaliation against two gov
ernments which saw fit to interfere
with church affairs. A further pos.
sibility is that the Rome-Berlin axis
erred automatically to such an ex-
tent that the college of cardinals
felt obliged to appoint an expert
enced statesman who could deal
with Herr Hitler and Signor Musso.
,x,
The Coolidge examiner., 1939-03-16

The spectre of two simultaneous
Spanish civil wars is unique, but
not unexpected. Since Barcelona
fell and President Manuel Azana re-
signed upon breaking with Premier
Juan Negrin, Loyalists have been
threatened by internal dissention.
On the defensive more than ever
before, conservatives sought desper-
ately to regain the Anglo-French IA
vor that was shifting to victorious
General Franco and his Insurgents.
meanwhile making sincere gestures
to end the war. Premier Negrin
and the Communist element, fear
ing the consequences of surrender
promised futile fight to the
death which would serve no pur
pose since a Franco victory was in
evitable. In the long-awaited ex-
plosion conservative Loyalists seized
the government, drove Negrin from
power and. paved the way for peace.
The Coolidge examiner., 1939-03-16
President Hoouers Plans
Wrecked by Stock Market

The course of events that has led
up to the latest development Ga de-
velopment that has both political
and economic signifcance) has been
rather wandering trail. 1t had its
headWaterS back in 1880 and 1881,
when Herbert Hoover, then Presi-
dent, sought to stem the tide of
rushing waters of depression by in
viting dozens of business leaders to
Washington for consultation. He
was seeking to restore confidence, to
encourage the country to feel safe.
Those were days, it will be recalled
when prosperity was just around
the corner" Mr.. Hoover wanted to
bring it out where it could be of
some use.
Well, Mr.. Hoover failed because
the stock market crash had so de-
stroyed the confidence of the country
in him and in his policies of govern
ment that there was no possibility
of recreating it. The folks simply
would not believe in him, nor in any
of his works at that time
Along came the elections of 1882
and Mr.. Roosevelt took over the
job in 1888. Those days need not be
reviewed, except to point out that
no man ever had the complete con-
fidence Of people as the new Presi-
dent held it. Congress did as it was
told, thereafter. Of course, there
were ups and downs but the scene
was dominated by the personality of
Mr.. Roosevelt, a condition that con-
tinued through about six years.
That brings us to the mistakes in
politics which Mr.. Roosevelt made
in 1938-reorganization of the gov
eminent, proposed expanding of the
Supreme court by appointment of
six justices of his own choosing,
charges that business leaders were
attempting to submarine the New
Deal policies and destroy the Roose-
welt administration. This was the
beginning. In quick succession,
there came important gains for the
Republicans in the 1888 elections,
fear among many old line Demo-
Gratis that their seats in congress
were being jeopardized by mistakes
of various New Deal agencies and
laws, and in general doubt that
their party should be allowed to re-
main under New Deal leadership.
The Coolidge examiner., 1939-03-16
Germany

In 1899 economic poverty can
throttle the most warlike nation, be-
cause modern conflict needs man.
power far less than gunpowder, air
planes and battleships. Moreover,
foreign trade has become a vital
weapon of diplomacy. When Adolf
Hitler first reached power he could
import and use the raw materials
Of war by capitalizing on his in
heritance from democratic govern
ment. Commodities, huge reserve
of unused capital, equipment and
unemployed labor helped build the
Third Reich's military machine.
Other millions went for costly pub
lie works to impress the world with
Germany's prowess. Meanwhile
heavy imports cut the Reich'S for
eign exchange to reported 80O,-
600. 600 marks by January l this
The Coolidge examiner., 1939-03-16
| India

Vast India is at once Great Brit
aims most precious and troublesome
colony, partly because Indians lack
the ability to rule themselves, part
ly because a few native leaders re-
alize Britain gets much more from
the provinces than she returns. Mo-
handas K. Gandhi has been tie lead
ing native agitator, winning shall
low victory when the home rule con-
stitution established 600 native SOW
ereigns who have absolute power
over their subjects but must bow to
the II provincial governors. Work
ing hopefully, Gandhi's party con-
gress now holds a meaningless ma
jority in eight provinces.
Fasting is Leader Gandhi's favor
tie means of forcing reforms. Since
September of 1882 he has tried it
six times, most recently in the ma
tive state Of Rajkot. Reason: The
29-year old Thakore of Rajkot prom
ised last December to grant new
powers to his subjects, but had not
The Coolidge examiner., 1939-03-16
Weekly News Analysis
Economic Crisis IN Germany
Forces 'NOw or Never Choice
by Joseph w. La Bine-

is that France and Britain, now
weaker than Germany in military
might, will eventually be stronger
by virtue Of superior financial re-
serves. Without batting an eyelash,
London is spending more than
So, 0OO 900, 900 for defense next year
and can continue at this pace for
several years to come. Germany
must get foreign exchange immedi-
ately or stop rearming, and Britain
is now waGing an aggressive and
successful campaign to block the
Reich's trad lie expansion plans.
One very! important reason why
observers predict European show
down this spring is that the Reich
must strike now-while her might is
still suprerne-or suffer eventual
diplomatic defeat. Moreover this
economic supremacy Of world de-
mocracies will have the same effect
on dictatorial Italy and Japan.
The Coolidge examiner., 1939-03-16
Congress Will Go SIouO on
Increasing National Debt

There are numerous signs that
congress is not going to be in any
hurry at all to pass law that will
allow an increase in the total ma
tional debt. Present law provides
that the treasury may issue notes
and bonds up to $45, 900, 000,0 900. The
current total is not so far below that
figure, and Secretary Morgenthau
has asked congress to boost the limit
to $50, 900, 10000 Congress appar-
emily is not so sure that there should
be an increase in the debt limit. It
is a type of confdence-rather,
lack of confdence-that is plainly
visible I believe the debt total will
have to be increased because there
is no provision made for enough
taxes to offset the vast spending pro-
gram for relief and national defense
upon which Mr.. Roosevelt has
launched. There is no place to get
that money, therefore, except by
borrowing. So about the only good
that can come from congressional
barking on this score is to awaken
the country as to the dangers of its
great national debt.
From all of these things, one is
pretty likely to get the hebeejeebees.
One can hardly help wondering
where we are headed. But it.seems
to me that there probably is need
for confidence that thus far has
not been mentioned in this discus
sion. This is confidence in funda-
mental America nism. The voters of
the country can compel sound gov
eminent on the part of those who
make the policies and, on the sur
face, it appears now that the voters
are telling congress what to do.
G Western Newspaper Union
The Coolidge examiner., 1939-03-16

fulfilled the promise. After four
days of fasting the aged Gandhi
was weakening fast and the Indian
viceroy expected to intervene.
But the fast held food for thought
in Britain, already busy with enough
troubles. For the first time Gand-
his party had enough strength to
precipitate major trouble through
out the state, had the marques
failed to intervene. Even if the cur
rent outbreak of nationalism is set
tied, Gandhi's followers will obvi-
ously gain strength.
The Coolidge examiner., 1939-03-16
Shows Days of Rubber
Stamp Congress Are Gone

The foreign policies of the admin
istration were dragged out onto the
floor of the senate for examination
under magnifying glass. OF course,
the senate did not force any real
change in the international relations
which Mr.. Roosevelt has estab-
lished. From long observation in
Washington, l doubt that the SEN
ates criticism of these policies was
any too sound, but it had to engage
in debate on the subject to let the
country know it was watching every
thing that was being done. 1t OBJ
viously had the effect of demonstrate
ing to the country that the days OF
the rubber stamp congress are gone,
and it constitutes another bit of evil
dence of the new Washington leader
ship.
The real demonstration of congress
sional vitality, however, came the
other day when Senator Harrison,
as chairman of the senate finance
committee, and Representative
Doughton of North Carolina, as.
chairman of the house committee on
ways and means, joined in letter
to Secretary Morgenthau, request
ing a treasury statement on tax
program. The two congressional
leaders urged new and sound tax
program and an administration re-
assurance against further heckling
of business to the end that business
would try to go ahead. What they
were asking, therefore, were some
signs which could give business,
great or small, feeling of conf
dence that the government at Wash
ington would quit pulling hair.
1t was natural request of the
treasury. The treasury always has.
provided the fundamentals of every
tax program. Capitol Hill had read
Mr. Roosevelt's announcement con-
corning mo new taxes" as mean
ing there would be no changes in
the tax structure, however, and
there were a good many legislators
who felt revision of some, and aboli-
ton of other, taxes were advisable.
The Coolidge examiner., 1939-03-16

pared budget.
So potent are economy's new
7 friends that the administration may
well find its cautious business-woo-
ing program a boomerang. Wading
half way across the pond of concilia-
ton when opinion favored a COM
plete passage, Mr.. Roosevelt has
been left behind and confronted with
charges of insincerity because Har-
ry Hopkins-the man who started
his program-~,sould need business
support to win the 1910 nomination.
The Coolidge examiner., 1939-03-16

IN another crisis.
Now 80, Marshal
Henri Petain has
been named am
baSsador to new
ly reorganized In
surgent Spain in
an obvious ges-
ture to win Gen.
Francisco Fran
co.'s friendship by
emotional appeal.
Many years ago,
The Coolidge examiner., 1939-03-16
Wright Brothers Trial Flights

In the first of the Wright brothers
four trial flights at Kitty Hawk, N.
c., in 1903, the airplane stayed up
for three and half seconds. In the
last flight, the ship defied gravity
for the amazing length of time Of
SO seconds.
The Coolidge examiner., 1939-03-16

the French war college, Mar
shall Petain instructed Spain's
new iron man, himself a famous
Twentieth century militarist.
Later, in 1925-26. Marshal Petain
joined forces with Franco in lead
ing the expedition that defeated
Add FL Krim, Riff leader in Mo-
rocco. Petain also went to Ma
drid and negotiated an agreement
with the governor of Premier
Prima de Rivera.
The Coolidge examiner., 1939-03-16

We have gone so completely Eng
ish on the subject of tweeds. There
are suits and ensembles and gowns
galore to choose from made of the
daintiest most fetching woolens that
ever you saw.
So, if your fancy turn to other
than tweed why not superbly tai
lored pencil-striped lightweight
wool crepe suit such as centers the
group pictured?
To the right in the picture, see
what white violets and frothy white
organdie do in the way of toning
a sheer black wool dress up to
fascinating degree of feminine al
lure. The draped coWl of embroid.
cred organdie with val edging as
here worn is real news as to what's
doing in the neckwear realm this
spring Top this costume with
white violet crowned hat, add
violet corsage and you couldn't look
sweeter on bright Eeaster morn.
To the left is a charming suit in
navy serge with collar and cuffs of
pique.
With greater than ever suit sea
son heralded for spring one can't
possibly have too many blouses,
and the big news in the blouse
realm is the revival of the sheer
handmade baby blouse" exquisite
ly tucked and frilled, hand-embroid-
cred and lace trimmed. See the
picture of one of the newest lingerie
blouses inset in the group below.
1t is of sef-printed organdy. Note
the new futed collar with its tiny
narrow lace-trimmed edge to add
to its sheer daintinesS.
Western Newspaper Union.
The Coolidge examiner., 1939-03-16

EDITORS NOTE-When opinions
are expressed in these columns. they
are those of the news analyst. and not
necessarily of the newspaper.
The Coolidge examiner., 1939-03-16
Congress

Most Americans do not realize
that the bulk of New Deal reform
measures have been adopted in one
form or another. But practically
everyone realizes the cost of re-
form has been tremendous, that the
public debt now stands at $40, 000,-
900. 900, that the treasury has cur
rent deficit of 81, 200, 900, 900. With re-
form achieved, President Roosevelt
is willing to join conservatives in
two mutually desired ambitions, bal
ancing the budget and helping bust
ness get back on its feet.
Chief arguments concern the
method. New Dealers, whose pro-
gram is voiced by Secretary Of Com
merce Harry Hopkins, would re-
move oppressive taxes and hope
that the resultant boom would swell
federal Golfers, balancing the budg-
ct without eliminating necessary"
activities. Most businessmen and
many congressman would take an
additional step-economy.
Total 1939-40 budget estimates are
Sc, 995, 900, 600, creating a new So, 1885,
900, 600 deficit and looming the pub
lie debt smack against its legal
debt limit of S45, 900, 600, O0O-unless
congress raises the limit. Far from
willing to raise it, or even to APP
prove the new budget, congressional
Republicans have found strong sup
port in rebellious Democrats. Their
spokesman is Mississippi's Sen. Pat
Harrison, who came out for a fiat
10 per cent budget cut and warn
ing: The country's credit is good
and don't think we have reached
the debt danger point, but the stop
look and-listen sign is up A lot
Of this emergency stuff could be cut,
and I'm in favor of cutting"
Senator Harrison has already
found support in two studies:
Bookings. Surveying the new gov
ernmental reorganization bill (to
consolidate and abolish executive
The Coolidge examiner., 1939-03-16
Are Worn
InDQshinU Shades

Your gloves must tune to the color
scheme of your costume. The shops
are showing doveskin Slipons, also
fine fabrics in all the new tones,
tints and hues. Fuchsia shades lead
and violene is also popular Very
smart are the new pink tones as
well as a range of blues.
The Coolidge examiner., 1939-03-16

Jacket costumes are having their
zig moment this spring. According
to reports more jacket suits are sell
ing than any other type. The jacket
suit presents particularly interest
ing theme in that it invites not only
intriguing color schemes but also il
affords opportunity for contrasting
materials, features which designers
are playing up most dramatically.
The clever plaid jacket pictured has
an individuality all its own in that
the arrow-shaped contrast fastenings
add an unusually interesting dec
orative note.
The Coolidge examiner., 1939-03-16
HeadIiners
MARSHAL HENRI PETAIN

The hero of Verdun" emerges
from retirement to serve France
The Coolidge examiner., 1939-03-16
Open Toes for Spring

There's nary closed toe in the
lot of smart shoes for spring.
The Coolidge examiner., 1939-03-16

Seasonal Shades
Greens and browns will be lead.
ing shades for sports clothes.
Milford chronicle., 1939-12-08
MILFORD CHRONICLE MILFORD pELAwARE. FRIDAY. DECEMBER

large part of the Flint's cargo might
accurately be called contraband, and
that she was liable to legal seizure
under international law. No one of
consequence even suggested the pos
sibility Of military reprisals. And the
main point of controversy was not
the seizure, but the technical ques-
tion of whether she could have leg
ally been taken to a neutral port.
Some feel that our neutrality may
be menaced If and when the British
and French really loose the food
gates OF propaganda--the remem-
bered how efficiently the allies rang
the bell with this weapon i'm the last
war. But il must also he remember
ed that this propaganda was ruth
le5sly exposed, and that many Am
orleans feel that we were taken for
suckers buggy ride. More and
more of us seem to think that Eu-
ropes quarrels are Europe's bust
ness, and that. hate the dictators az
we will, we must keep our hands out
of the mess. All in all. today. say
Milford chronicle., 1939-12-08
Economic Highlights
HAPPENINGS THAT AFFECT THE DHNER
PALS DIVIDEND CHICKS AND Tax
Bills on EVERY INDWrDUAL
National and IHfeTHafiOHdi Pr0bIens
IHseparabls from Local Weijars


Those who forecast that the frank
anti-dictatorship sentiment OF the
American people would rapidly lead
us into war once II broke out abroad
(and many made exactly that fore
case during the past few years. seem
to have backed losing horse. Co
ing by the hest evidence available,
the martial spirit has not Increased
a whit in this country since the war
began.
A late Fortune poll is of excep-
tional interest. According TO this
poll, only IL per cent of the people
the side OF the Allies. in Ocloaer
where 23 per cent though; We
should in September. Slightly over
/ 10 per cent thought we shoIl.l join
the Allies If il looks as If they are
getting the worst of 1t, Were 1873
I per cent approved of that course the
month before. This overwhelming
isolationist spirit obtains even
though, according to the same poll,
more than S4 per cent OF our people
want England and France and their
friends to win, and only l.3 peT cent
want Germany and her friends TO
win (the balance replied that they
favored neither side. or didn't know.
Furthermore, anti-war feeling
seems TO exist at practically a fever
level in government and official cir
cles. Men close to Washington af-
fairs have said that when war first
began, important officials feared that
we would inevitably be drawn in
Today. say the correspondents, their
outlook has undergone dramatic
change An important sldelight on
sentiment there is found in one of
Paul MalloR'S Washington dispat-
cheS, dated October y. Wrote Mr..
MallOn: mir. Roosevelt . has been
pounding the desk in confabs with
COngreasmen lately about this talk
that he will get us into the war. The
surprised legislators report they
have never seen him so aroused
about anything. The United States
government will not get into the war
at any time under any circumstances
and it is foolish and absurd for any
one 10 suggest such thing. the |
President has told at leaH three rep
individually
To pile mp more evidence in sup /
port of the argument that the Amer |
lean people really are determined |
10 stay out OF this war, some Observ-
ers nave used the City of Flint incl
dent as an example of what they re-
gard as Americas hard-headed and
realisticc attitude. Had the Germans |
seized an American ship under SINH
lar circumstances in 1915 or 1916,
they say, public feeling would have
boiled. mass meetings would have
been held. and we might have been
led headlong into war. What actu-
ally happened when the Flint was
seized was far different There was
40 great excitement. The govern
ment made strong diplomatic pro-
tests to Russia and Germany. High
admitted frankly that a
Milford chronicle., 1939-12-08

men whose business is feeling the
public pulse, Americas chances OF
remaining at peace are very good In
deed
-OOO-
There is nothing of unusual inter-
est TO report from the business front
The early war boom" has abated
to some extent. Foresighted business
men are thinking less Of possible
European orders. and more about in
ereasing their business in the vast
markets of this country and Latin
America.
The third-quarter corporation re-
ports have been drifting in. And, by
comparison with previous periods.
they are encouraging. Gross income.
net profits and dividends paid are
generally up. Some companies yOt-
ed their frs; dividends in lengthy
period Of time.
A Business Week survey shows
that white department store sales
(prime index OF consumer purchas-
ing p0w1D are running 2 per cent