davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1939-02-23
Crusaders Castles Dot
Early Syrian Districts

Wonderful monuments of bygone
civilizations with their amazing di.
versity Of architectural styles are
gifts Of Beirut to the world.
Extending from Beirut as ancient
and modern gateway to Asia and
seaport city for Syria and Lebanon
are countless exhibits of human mi
grations and ambitions of early CEN
turtles. notes correspondent in the
Los Angeles Times.
Beside the waves yawn the burial
chambers Of Phoenician metropolis;
further inland astride the first spurs
of the mountains frown the walls Of
Crusaders castles, with the splen-
dor that was Rome to be found on
the desert plains Of Palmyre.
The tiny corner of the world is the
birthplace Of three great religions.
From Beirut, which dominates the
maritime horizon and displays the
tops of the Lebanon mountains, are
the famous grove Of cedars, from
which Solomon built his temple in
Jerusalem, with the so giant trees
preserved as a shrine commemorate
ing this biblical occasion.
At Tripoli is the famous castle
erected by the counts Of Toulouse,
maritime masters Of Tripoli at the
time Of the Crusades. Beyond the
century-old orchards is the famous
white spot known to the ancient as
Ell Nina, the port.
The Castle of Massyaf is known
as the largest castle built by the
crusaders and covers an area Of 60
acres. Near the famous castle are
the small castles, abodes Of the
Latin knights. Following the route
founded by the first Macedonian
kings entry is made to the ancient
city of Latakia, famed for its early
Gothic architecture as built by the
architects who came from Chartres.
Antiochia, one Of the three great
est cities Of the Roman world. has
its relics Of pagan days by its
Byzantine architecture exhibited in
mosques with the high pointed
minarets suggestive of Turkey.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1939-02-23
London Bridge Situated
At Head of Navigation

London bridge is the first or far
thest down of the bridges across
the Thames at London. 1t is situ-
ated at the head of navigation, about
a half mile above the Tower Of Lon
don.
But the present London bridge Is
not the one celebrated in the nurs-
cry song, nor in the proverb to the
effect that London bridge was
made for wise men to pass over
and fools to pass under" That IA
nous old bridge. which stood for
more than 900 years, was finally de-
molished more than a century ago,
observes a writer in the Cleveland
Plain Dealer.
The site has probably been the
location of bridge from very early
times in London's history. But the
earliest bridge in this location is
not mentioned until the Eleventh
century. 1t was a woodeA struc-
ture which was destroyed by a
storm and high tide November 16.
1901.
The first stone bridge, the famous
bridge spoken Of above, was built
between 1176 and 1909 on a wooden
foundation. 1t consisted of 20
arches. The roadway was 926 feet
long, go feet above the water and
40 feet wide. Houses were built
upon the bridge, and in the course Of
time it became a continuous street
with three openings on each side Of
the river.
The buildings on the bridge were
repeatedly devastated by fire, most
notably in the great fire Of 1866.
The eleventh span from the South
wark end formed a drawbridge
fanked by a tower built in 1926,
and on top of which were stuck the
heads Of persons executed for trea-
son. All the super-structures were
removed in 1757. In 1882 the old
bridge itself was torn down, the
new and present London bridge hav-
ing been opened the year before.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1939-02-23
Summary of Annual Report of the
Northwestern Bell Telephone Com
pany and Subsidiaries for Year 1898

Summary of Annual Report Of the
Northwestern Bell Telephone Com
pany and Subsidiaries for Year 1898
The annual report of the North
western Bell Telephone Company,
released by President A. A. Low
man at the annual meeting of di-
rectors February 8, revealed that
the Company and its subsidiaries at
at the end of 1888 owned and oper-
ated 821, 900 telephones in the states
of Iowa, Minnesota, Nebraska,
South Dakota and North Dakota.
There was a net gain of 20, 459 tele-
phones, or about rs per cent during
the year. Calls averaged five mil
lion daily. OF this daily average
about 100000 were long distance
calls. The figures include those of
the Tri-State Telephone & Tele-
graph Company, and the Dakota
Central Telephone Company, sub
salaries Of the Northwestern Bell
Telephone Company.
Construction and other improve
ments during the year further in
creased the dependability of tele-
phone service, but the report state,
net earnings for 1888, as for 1887.
were unsatisfactory, due chiefly to
increases in taxes and wage levels.
Taxes assignable to operations of
the Northwestern Bell Company
and it's subsidiaries for 1888
amounted to $5,228,965, an increase
Of more than 80 per cent compared
with 1886 and an increase of 81
per cent compared with 1885. The
report adds that if business volume
were equal to that preceding the
depression these companies still
would not be on a satisfactory earn
ings basis.
For the three companies COM
posite net telephone earnings to
average telephone plant for the
year 1888 were 4.37 per cent. The
Dakota Central Company operated
at deficit. The Northwestern Bell
Company paid dividends of IS per
share on it's stock, but neither the
Tri-State Company nor the Dakota
Central Company paid any divid-
ends during the year.
The report expresses appreciation
to the public for its increased use
of telephone service during the year
and to the companies 12,O42 en-
ployees for their efficiency and 10y
alty.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1939-02-23
Answers to
Question Box

Cd William Jennings Bryan ran
for president on three tickets at
once in 1896-Democratic, Populist
and Free Silver.
(2) The first worlds fair was held
in the Crystal Palace in London
in 1851.
90 Scientists believe a dog bur-
les a bone in order to obtain salt
and minerals absorbed from the soil
which are necessary to maintain
life.
(4) Mrs. Victoria Claflin Wood
hull was nominated for president
of the U. c. in 1872 by the Equal
Rights party.
90 If the larva of a house-fly
all lived, one fly would have about
1000, 900 descendants in 40 days.
co Columbus first sailed on his
adventure from Palos, Spain, on
Friday, discovered America on Fri
day, got back to Spain on Friday
and saw South America on Friday.
The Pilgrims landed on Friday,
Washington was born on Friday,
both Burgoyne and CORVALLIS sur
rended on Friday and the Declare
ton of Independence was signed on
Friday-a fair refutation that Fri
day is unlucky.
y Nine. They are Philadelphia,
New York, Baltimore, Trenton,
York, (Pa) Lancaster, Pa), Ger
mantown, Princeton and Washing
ton.
(8) Julius Caesar put 81 days in
his birth month and 80 in the fol-
lowing one but Augustus Caesar,
who was born in that month, would
not be outdone by Julius and so he
put another day on his natal month
and called it August. He took 1t
from Feb.
(9) Nitroglycerine is a recognized
medicine for certain heart ailments.
(1O) The Bureau of Standards
says that an inward dent in a pail
reduces its capacity.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1939-02-23
Foot Has Two Arches

Because Of its design the foot has
long been recognized as a special.
lied organ for mans upright car
riage Of his body. In construction
the normal foot is a finely designed
and highly efficient structure per-
fectly planned for its function of
weight bearing, shock absorption
and locomotion. II only q single
block Of bone were positioned be-
meath each leg to serve as a foot
walking would be very much Of q
peg-legged performance. But ma
ture. as in many other ways. has
adapted the organ to meet mans
needs. It is Of extreme importance.
therefore. that measures be taken to
protect and preserve this most nec-
essary and efficient structure from
mechanical defects and disabling in
fections.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1939-02-23
Strychnine Is Obtained
From Poison.Nut Seeds

Strychnine is one of the oldest
poisons known to man, and is none
other than the Kuruchilla of the an
cient Hindus, according to a writ
er in London Tit-Bits Magazine. In
Europe it was described as having
no medicinal value as late as A. D.
1910, but in India it was used CEN
turtles before in the treatment of
dysentery, fevers and dyspepsia.
The drug is obtained from the
seeds Of the Strychnos Nux Vomica,
or poison-nut tree, which grows in
the East Indies. They are broad,
fat, about an inch in diameter, COW
cred with tiny. downy hairs, and
very bitter when tasted.
The seeds are also commonly
known in various parts as dog but
TONS" Quaker buttons" and rats
bane," and are contained in fruit
which closely resembles an orange
in shape and color.
Strychnine is a cruelty violent poi
son, causing agonizing commissions.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1939-02-23
CHAMPION SEED PRODUCED
IN NORTHERN MINNESOTA

When Minnesota farmers select
legume seed to use in meeting
their soil-building goals under the
provisions of the 1899 Agricultural
Conservation Program, they will
want to make certain the seed
they obtain is adapted to the
state.
Like past programs, the regula-
tions of the program state that
seed must be adapted in order to
qualify for the soil-building allow
ance. Alfalfa, sweet clover, red
clover and alsike clover are con-
sidered as non-depleting when
used for any purpose such as for
seed, hay or pasture, providing
the land Is not classified as soil
depicting for other reasons.
r. f. Grim, extension agronom-
list, University Farm, st. Paul, says
that growers will find some excel
lent legume seed in Minnesota.
Two northern Minnesota growers
in an area where some of the best
seed is produced, won information
al honors on alfalfa and alsike
clover seed exhibited at the recent
International Hay and Grain
Show in Chicago. Jim Ramsey,
Baudette, Lake of the Woods
county, was named champion al
falfa grower of North America
and took the grand championship
for all grass seed exhibits. r. F.
Taur, also of Baudette, was NAM
ed champion alsike grower of
North America. Other farmers in
that area also won awards of seed
exhibited at the international
show.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1939-02-23
ICE SHOW SPECIAL TRAIN

Alexandria Chamber Of Com
merce announces a special train
from that city to Minneapolis to
the Ice Show on March 10th. This
train will stop at Sank Centre and
the fare from this city will be two
dollars and thirty-five cents round
trip. One-half fare is offered to
youngsters from five to twelve
years old. Alexandria would like
to have from twenty-five to seven
ty-five people from Sank Centre
make the trip to Minneapolis with
them. The Chamber Of Commerce
has had a large box of seats set
aside for them. Further informa-
ton can be obtained from Walt
Gritzmacher, at the Model, where
those from Sank Centre and COM
munity may register If they wish
to take in this event.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1939-02-23
Use Of the Long s.

The long IS" which resembled
the H." was generally used for all
but the final So from the earliest
days Of printing in the Fifteenth CEN
fury to the end Of the Eighteenth
century. about the year 1900. John
Bell Of London. publisher Of the
British Theater," printed in ITS,
is claimed to have been the first to
discard the long $50 and Benjamin
Franklin wrote in 1875 that the
'.round s. begins to be the mode.
and in nice printing the long s. is
rejected entirely" Oswald's History
of Printing reproduces a proclama.
ton of Governor Claiborne of the
Mississippi territory in 1904, in three
languages. The French and Span
ish versions have the long IS" while
the English version has only the
small IS"
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1939-02-23
Eighteenth Century Ice Cream

The famous Josiah Wedgwood,
English ceramic maker of the
Eighteenth century, listed "ice
cream cups" again and again on
his price cards, showing that even
in that day this dessert was known.
In fact. a recipe for making it was
dated 1869. Fruits, sugar, and
cream combined were placed in an
earthen pot, packed with ice and
much SALT" and frozen, much as
we freeze ice cream. Washington,
Jefferson, and Madison are known
to have served it at social functions
in this country by the end Of the
Eighteenth century.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1939-02-23
Meaning of Name Antonio

Antonio is the feminine form Of the
Latin name Antony or Anthony and
has the same meaning-"praise-
worthy, or beyond praise" 1t is
attractive and dignified, but not
common, notes Florence A. Cowles
in the Cleveland Plain Dealer. An
toinette is a French diminutive of
Antonio and so might be interpret
ed as little praiseworthy one." Ma
RE Antoinette of Austria Q755-93),
queen Of France, was too gay as a
girl, unframed for her job and too
headstrong later, but she met death
by the guillotine bravely.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1939-02-23
PATROL AIDS 1905 JANUARY
MOTORISTS, COLLECTS $18,264

The Safety Patrol of the Min
nesota state highway department
travelled $4,000 miles in the per-
Torrance of it's public duty during
the month of January; gave aid
to 1905 motorists and collected a
total of $1S,264.S9 in penalties and
license correction receipts.
The patrolmen stopped nearly
10000 vehicles to test lights,
brakes and equipment, and check
6,427 drivers licenses during the
23,205 hours they spent on patrol
duty. They also gave traffic d.
rection to motorists in 1928 veh-
icles and warned 1882 lesser vio-
lators whose infractions were of
a minor nature, such as improper
parking, signaling, inadequate
equipment, or overriding the CEN
terlinel
A total of La tags were issued
for illegal equipment on motor
vehicles such as improper brakes
or lights, faulty steering gear, or
other defects endangering traffic
on the highway.
Improper license tags were cor
rected on 1926 vehicles and 293
violators were arrested.
Chief among the offenses noted
were 10 cases of dangerously i'm
proper equipment, SO violations Of
stop sign requirements, "a of care
less driving, "a of excessive speed,
and IS arrests for driving while
intoxicated.
The latter charge resulted in
fines totalling $1,105, while care
less driving violations netted 1856
during the month, and excessive
speed another S232.50.
In the category of aid given to
motorists, Highway patrolmen
pulled 1913 vehicles out of bitches,
made minor adjustments or re-
pairs on 1857 cars, delivered gaso-
line to 132, and in 10 instances
gave first aid to injured.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1939-02-23
CHANGES MADE IN
HIGHWAY DISTRICTS

Several shifts in district engine
ers of the State Highway Depart
ment, and a rearrangment of ter
ritory which restores the eight
trunk highway supervisory dis
tricts and 16 maintenance dis
tricts to virtually the same areas
they comprised prior to last Sept.
%, were announced today, effec-
tive Immediately, by M. j. Hoff-
mann, state commissioner OF
Highways.
At the same time, Commissioner
Hoffman, announced the appoint
ment of o. L. Kipp, construction
engineer, as acting chief engineer
during the leave of absence Of ].
T. Ellison.
A. o. Torgerson of Detroit
Lakes, former district engineer of
the department, has been reap
pointed to his former position as
district engineer of District 4,
comprising the Detroit Lakes and
Morris areas, Maintenance districts
6 and 8, H. E. Chard of st. Paul,
who has been district engineer in
District 8, comprised Of Mainten-
ance districts 10 at Willmar and 10
at Marshall has been appointed
to the vacancy in District 5, COM
prising maintenance district and
II, with headguarter respectively
in Hopkins and st. Paul Park and
including the st. Paul and Mime
polls areas. The Minneapolis Main
tenance district, No. 8, is restored
to its former area comprising Hen
nepin, Anoka, Carver and Scott
Counties. st. Paul Maintenance
district IL Is also restored to Its
former area, composed Of Ramsey
Chisago, Washington and Dakota
counties.
A. w. Moulster remains as dis
trict engineer Of District 3, which
since September has comprised
maintenance district 4 and {
(Brainerd and Detroit Lakes re
gions.) Mr.. Monsters district
however, is restored to its old ter
ritory, comprising maintenance
districts 4 and Z, Brainerd and st
Cloud regions.
c. ]. Swift who has been dis
trict engineer in district 4, com
prising Maintenance district z ant
s will take charge Of district 8
comprising Maintenance district:
| 10 and IS, or the Willmar ant
Marshall areas.
District Engineer p. d. Mold o.
district No. of Duluth; A. M
Graves of No. 2, Bemidji; ]. c
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1939-02-23
Socrates and the Hereafter

Plato ascribes to Socrates a very
definite view as to future retribu-
ton. I'm truth" said Socrates, IF
I did not expect to find in another
life gods at once good and wise, and
men better than those Of this life, it
would be foolish Of me not to be
disturbed by the approach Of death.
But I know that I look to finding
myself among just men. I do not
fear to die because am confident
that something still remains after
this life, and that, according to the
old belief. the good will be treated
better than the bad"
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1939-02-23

Robbers OF No. 8, Rochester; and
r. d. Minium of No. z, Mankato,
all remain at their present posts.
Mr.. Hoffman, also announced
the reassignment Of F. o. Nelson
to his former post as district main
tenance engineer Of District 10.
with headquarters at Marshall.
For more than a year past he has
been assistant administrative en-
gineer in the st. Paul Central Of
flee, Maintenance Division. He
will succeed G. M. Woodbeck, who
will return to the st. Paul Central
office as an engineer in the Con-
struction Division.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1939-02-23
Term Purge 10 Traced
Back to the Year 1649

The term purge" dates back, to
be precise. to the year l649, and to
an event in the Cromwellian revolu-
ton. which was destined to be far
more closely connected with the
foundations Of our own country than
any continental European event
was, according to an editorial in the
Washington Star.
In 1913 the Parliamentary troops
occupied London, and King Charles
I was placed under restraint The
house Of commons was the only au-
thority which could act, and its
membership included many avowed
royalists or royalist sympathizers.
Hence the dominant faction, repre-
senting the will Of the country as
against the pretensions Of the crown.
decided to take steps to insure har-
monious action. On December Col.
Thomas Pride was ordered to place
his regiment in front Of the house.
He himself took post at the door,
with list Of the Objectionable men,
bers in his hand. One by one, about
a hundred members were forcibly
excluded. This proceeding, which
came to be known as "Pride's
Purge" having been completed, the
Rump, or sitting part of the parlia-
ment, laid charges against Charles
for treason; adopted resolution as
sorting it's sole right to govern the
kingdom, without concurrence Of the
crown or the lords; and appointed
a trial court. BY sentence Of this
court Charles was put to death on
the scaffold in Whitehall on January
30, 1649.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1939-02-23
C0ckroach Old-Timer

The lowly cockroach has existed
in its present form a long time.
There are four different types Of
cockroach-the Croton bug, first
found in New York; the proper cock
roach Of the East; the American
cockroach, which probably came
from tropical America. and the Aus
tralian cockroach, which Is much
like the large, reddish-brown Amer
lean cockroach except that 1t is a
trifie smaller. There are said to be
225 fossil species Of the pest.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1939-02-23
The Battle Of the Skagerrak

The Battle of Jutland was called
the Battle of the Skagerrak by the
Germans. It was fought in the North
sea between the British Grand feet,
under Admiral Sir ]. r. Jellicoe,
and the German High Seas feet,
under Admiral Reinhard Scheer, on
May 81. 1916. The encounter is men,
orable as being the only occasion
throughout the World war on which
the rival battle fleets met, also for
the fact that it left the British feet
undisputed master Of the German
one up to the day Of the latters'
surrender.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1939-02-23
Ingredients in Iron-Makins

Three Of the main ingredients In
the iron-making process are iron
ore. limestone. and coke. The fourth
is frequently forgotten. 1t is air.
Yet to make a ton Of iron 1t is neces.
sary to use about $500 pounds Of
ore. TOO pounds Of stone. 1000
pounds Of coke. and 1000 pounds
Of air. The products Of the reac-
tior, are roughly 1000 pounds of
iron. 200 pounds Of Stag. $50 pounds
Of dust, and $3.50 pounds Of blast
urnace gas.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1939-02-23
Naming walla walla, Wash.

Walla Walla Is the second oldest
city in Washington. some fur trad
ers having settled at Vancouver be-
fore Lewis & Clark first viewed the
district DR.. Marcus Whitman and
his wife were Protestant missiona-
ries who located about 6 miles from
the present site Of Walla Walla In
1896. and their daughter, Alice Cla.
rissa Whitman. was the first Ameri-
can white child born west Of the
Rocky mountains. There Is a say
ing that the early settlers liked the
place so well they named 1t twice"
because Walla Walla Is an Indian
expression meaning many wa.
ters."
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1939-02-23
CARD OF THANKS

We wish to thank our many
friends for the floral offerings and
words Of sympathy extended to us
in the death of our mother, Mrs.
William Stark.
Mr.. and Mrs. c. A. Paquin
Mr.. and Mrs. Stanley Gardner
Miss Hazel McKellip
adpd. Mrs. Willis Clizbe.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1939-02-23
Decorations for Wedding Dav

On the island Of Papua Cor New
GuineO the natives decorate them.
selves gayly on their wedding day,
using bright-colored feathers. bone
ornaments, shells and beads. The
main part Of the wedding Is a sim
pie action-the groom goes to the
brides home, takes her by the hand
and leads her to the new home he
has made ready.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1939-02-23

Tiny diamonds have been found
embedded in the meteorites OF
Meteor Crater, Ariz.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1939-02-23

SUBSCRIBE 10 THE HERALD
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1939-02-23

SUBSCRIBE TO THE HERALD
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1939-02-23

Id SUBSCRIBE TO THE HERALD