davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Montana labor news., 1939-05-25
Bourbon Employers Oppose Fair Labor
Standards Act

The tWenty-slX-point program adopted by
the National Convention of the Chamber Of
Commerce of the United States, in Washing.
ton, D. c., demanded the repeal Of the Fair
Labor Standards Act of 1888 as a major
element contributing to business recovery.
In view of the fact that the Chamber Of
Commerce processes to speak for American
industr is instructive to note just what
the Fair yr Standards Act does.
1t establ hes a rock-bottom universal mini
mum wage of twenty-five cents an hour for
the first year for all workers employed in
interstate commerce. This minimum is to
be raised to thirty cents an hour in the second
year, and to forty cents an hour at the end
of six years.
The law also establishes a universal ceiling
for hours of work. 1t provides a top 44-hour
work week for the first year, a 42-hour work
week for the second year, and a 40,hOur work
week thereafter, with time and a half for
overtime for work in excess of these hours.
The Act also bans child labor. It absolute
ly prohibits the employment of children
under 16 years of age in manufacturing and
mining. In other occupations, employment
of children between the ages of IA and 16
may be permitted, but only to the extent
authorized by the Chief of the Children's
Bureau who is required to make sure that
work will not interfere with the children's
schooling or impair their health. In occupa-
ions declared to be hazardous by the Chief
of the Children's Bureau, employment Of
children under Is is prohibited.
Thus the Fair Labor Standards Act estab-
fishes a bottom limit for wages. provides a
top limit for weekly hours, and eliminates
Montana labor news., 1939-05-25
child labor by Federal regulation.

child labor by Federal regulation.
The Fair Labor Standards Act went into
effect on October "a, 1888. At that time
employers subject to the Act were paying
over 30O,0 600 workers less than twenty-five
cents an hour. Since October "a practically
all of these workers have had their wages
increased to the twenty-five cent minimum
required by the statute. And half a million
workers will receive the minimum of thirty
cents an hour when the second year under
the Act begins next October.
The minimum wage standards imposed by
the Fair Labor Standards Act are not high.
The shorter work week required by the Act
is not unreasonable.
It is, therefore, extremely regrettable that
the Chamber of Commerce of the United
States, composed of those who profess to
represent American industry and commerce,
should be persuaded to make the demand
that the constructive and socially beneficial
Fair Labor Standards Act of 1888 should be
repealed and thousands of working men and
women, and even children, consigned to the
industrial slavery which existed for them
before the Act became effective.
Montana labor news., 1939-05-25

Purchases of industrial munitions by anti
union employees is the principal cause Of
violence in labor disputes, the Senate Civil
Liberties Committee, headed by Senator
Robert M. LaFollette, declared in a report
submitted to the Senate this month.
Following two and a half years of intensive
study of industrial warfare, the committee
is sponsoring a bill in the Senate to forbid
the sale of gas or firearms to industrial con-
Germs for use in any kind of labor dispute.
The committee reported that for the years
1887 corporations purchased more gas
equipment than all law-enforcement agencies
combined.
In fact" the report stated, "the largest
purchaser Of gas equipment in the country,
the Republic Steel Company, bought four
times as much as the largest law-enforcement
purchaser"
The committee found that 20 corporations
or employer associations in the ive-year
period purchased 1878, 992 worth of gas and
gas equipment while 10 law-enforcement
agencies in the same period spent only
$183,635. The four largest industrial pur-
chasers, Republic Steel, $79,712; United
States Steel, $751; 28; Bethlehem Steel, $780,
173; and Youngstown Sheet and Tube, $685.
1856, together accounted for more than the
entire purchases Of the 10 largest public
purchasers.
Montana labor news., 1939-05-25

Perform thy promise as justly as thou
wouldst pay thy debts, for a man ought to
be more faithful than his oath.-MARcUs
AURELIUS.
Montana labor news., 1939-05-25

All of the 48 states, the District of Column
bia, Alaska and Hawaii have unemployment
compensation laws approved by the Social
Security Board.
Montana labor news., 1939-05-25

The shortest name recorded by the Social
Security Board is e" 1t is an official family
name.
Montana labor news., 1939-05-25

Every cent of the money collected by the
Montana Unemployment Compensation Com
mission is to be used exclusively for the pay
ment of benefits starting in July.
Montana labor news., 1939-05-25

More than $4,000 Montana workers have
earned some wage credits under the state
Unemployment Compensation Act.
Montana labor news., 1939-05-25

Happiness quite unshared can scarcely be
called happiness; it has not taste.-MRs. GAS
KEEL.
Montana labor news., 1939-05-25

A Fellow doesn't last long IN what he has
done. He's got to keep on delivering as he
on-CARL HUBBELL.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-09-19
FDR Speaks
Soon After
Converting
Message w i'll Be
Brief and Deal Al
m o S t, Exclusively
With United States
Neutrality; P | a n S
Being Rushed.

Washington, Sept. 19-(AP)-
President Roosevelt mas made ten
tative arrangements to address a
joint session of the Senate and
House on neutrality early Thursday
afternoon.
Stephen Early, presidential sec
retary, said Mr.. Roosevelt would
begin drafting his message today.
1t is expected to deal almost ex-
ciusively with revision Of the neu-
trality law. Early said the message
would pe very brief
Present plans call for MIR. RoOse-
welt to deliver it about 2 p. m.
Thursday.
Asked whether the brevity was
Que to the fact that the whole neu-
trality' subject had been pretty
well gone over heretofore, the Sec
retary asserted that Congress al
ready had considerable information.
Arrangements for the President
to deliver the message in person on
the opening day of the session were
completed after Early had been in
communication with Vice-President
Garner, Speaker Bankhead and
Senate Majority Leader Barkley
He was unable to reach House
Continued on Page Three)
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-09-19
Fuef1rerSavs
HeCan Fight
Seven Years
Declares Germany
Never Will Capitu-
late and Poland New
er Will Rise Again as
Set Up in Last War;
Welcomes Danzig in
to Reich.

Danzig, Sept. i3.-(AP)-
Adolf Hitler assured France
and England today that he had
mo war aims" against them,
but declared that Poland, as
created by the treaty of Ver-
sailles "never again will rise".
He warned the western pow
ers that Germany never would
"capitulate", and was prepared
for as much as seven years of
war, if necessary.
In a speech Of an hour and
IA minutes, one of his best
oratorical efforts, the German
fuehrer dwelt at length on
what he called his efforts to
"bring about friendly rela-
tions" with France and Eng
land.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-09-19
Russians Are
Gloating On
Their Gains

Moscow, Sept. 19.-(AP)-The
general staff Of the Soviet army re-
ported today that Soviet forces con-
tinued to ''eject troops of the Polish
army, and that the westward bound
Russians were approaching the Po-
lish cities of Lwow and Wilma. wilma,
in northeast Poland, is about IS miles
from the Russian frontier. Lwow, in
southeast Poland, is about 80 miles
from the Russian border.)
AS the red army advance continu-
ed, Tass, official news agency, re-
ported stirring meetings of the pop
ulation with Soviet army units, parti-
cularly in western (Polish) White
Russia, and the western (Polish)
Ukraine"
Tass reported the morale of the
Russian troops "especially high"
and said this was best shown by the
unprecedented rapid advance"
"The red army men combine ardor
and daring with confidence and
calmness and both with discipline"
the agency said.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-09-19
Britain And France
Strengthen Lines
For German Attack
Major Battle Anticipated Soon AS Nazi Troops
Are Transferred From Poland; French Co.
lonial Troops Exceed World War Totals.

Paris, Sept 1.-(AP)-France and
Britain strengthened their war line
on the western front today in antici-
patton Of a major battle as soon as
German reinforcements are rushed
back from Poland.
Entry of red armies from Russia
into war-battered Poland was view
ed here as speeding the task of Ger
man divisions in the east and making
more men and equipment available
for defense of the WestWall.
French reports said the nations
colonial troops were modified fully
and ready to bolster the French at
tack The number of colonial troops
was described as considerably in ex-
cess Of the total Of effective fighting
men called to the tri-color from the
empire during the World War.
In the regular morning communi-
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-09-19

que, the French general staff an
nounced repulse of a localized Ger
man attack launched during the
night Gin the region east of the Saar
river"
The communique did not specify
where the fighting took place, but
it was believed to have taken place
in the shell-pounded region south
of Saarbruecken.
Action along the 1OO-mile north
ern flank, where France was report
ed taking several hundred square
miles of German territory in front
Of the Siegfried line, was confined
to artillery fire and some fighting in
the air.
British troops were said to have
moved into position in the area OF
Frances Maginot line through tun-
nels to the vast defense works.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-09-19
900 Rocky Mount
Folks Sign Paper
Supporting FDR

Rocky Mount, Sept. 49,
(AP)-More than 900 Rocky
Mount residents today affixed
their signatures to statement
endorsing the stand of Presi-
dent Roosevelt for an amend
ment to the present neutrality
act.
*. ID. Battle, prominent 10
cal lawyer and former presi-
dent of the North Carolina Bar
Association, said of the petition
which he sponsored "that not
a single man to whom I showed
it entertained a different view.
The general opinion seems to
be that the best way for this
country to keep out of war is
for England and France to
win the present struggle"
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-09-19
SIG Missing
From Sunken
Plane Ship
681 Survivors Of L.
26O Aboard 7 o r.
pedoed Aircraft Car
rier Accounted For;
Two Trawlers Sunk;
Russian Move Being
Appraised.

London, Sept 19-(AP)-The Ad-
miralty announced today that ap-
proximately 681 survivors were ac-
counted for Of 1850 aboard the Brit
ish aircraft carrier Courageous, sunk
by an enemy submarine. (That would
leave 579 missing).
Meantime, an official announce
ment said two British traWiers haG
been sunk, but that three other Brit
ish merchant vessels had success
fully eluded submarine attacks. The
ministry of information said the
trawlers, Lord Mimic and Artiita, had
been sunk and their crews rescued
by third traWler.
The report did not Immediately
specify where the trawlers sank, and
did not say whether they had been
CONTINUED on Page FiVe)
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-09-19
Supreme Court Hears Vance Cases

the 1897 law applying to the entire
State was constitutional.
Around 400 residents of the Dab
ney high school section Of Vance
county were here to hear arguments
in the case involving the refusal of
the Vance County Education Board
to accept B. A. Scott as principal of
the high school. Residents of the
area sought a mandamus to compel
election of Scott after he was select
ed by the local school committee. The
county board appealed from an order
overruling its demurrer which con-
tended that citizens could not sue it.
The court will hand down opinions
tomorrow.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-09-19

tutionality of the law regulating the
dry cleaning industry, is challenged.
T. P. Gholson, of Henderson, and Ira
Julian, of Winston-Salem, lawyers
for Harris, contended the act violated
the Constitution by applying undue
restrictions to private business, and
that a 1889 amendment exempting
ID counties made the act one OF lacal
nature. The Constitution, they con-
tended, forbids regulation of trade by
local acts. John Caffey, of Green's
boro. and Attorney General Harry
MCMILLAN, argued for the State that
the law was a valid exercise of pol
ice power, and that if the 1899 act
was a local law it was invalid, but
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-09-19
Tobacco Buyers Confer
On Reopening Markets
Now Idle In The South
Ask Aid for i. S.
Girls In Glasgow

Boston, Mass, Sept. 19.-(AP)
The international Friendship
League appealed to the State
Department and the United
States Embassy today to help
eight American girls stranded
in Glasgow find means of re-
turning to the United States.
The girls, who left in June
to spend the summer in foreign
homes as adopted daughters".
intended, the league saiC;. TO re-
turn on the United States
steamer Orizaba, but were in
formed the OriZaba would carry
only survivors of the sunken
Athena. The League said the
girls included Ann WinslOw, of
TarbOro, N. C. She is the daugh-
ter of Mr.. and Mrs. f. C. Win
slow.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-09-19
Sen. Reynolds
Assails i. S.
Rescue Plans

Washington, Sept. 19.-(AP)
Senator Reynolds, Democrat,
North Carolina, asserted today
that this government had fall
len down miserably in provid-
ing transportation for Ameri-
cans seeking to return from
Europe.
Reynolds, who returned from
France on the United States
liner Manhattan yesterday,
said he planned to address a
letter to Secretary Hull, in
curing as to the number OF
aliens on the boat during its
passage.
I think it is shame and an
outrage that Americans in
Europe were refused franspOr-
'a'Ion on these ships, where
aliens were occupying berths
and cots that should have been
occupied by American citizens, :,
ne declared.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-09-19
Called in by AAA in
W a S h j n G t o n, as
" ar { h ou S e m e n,
Growers and Bankers
Arrive; All Govern
m E n t Offered in
Trade for Control.

Washington. Sept. 19.-(AP)-The
4gricul.are Department today called
T. representatives OF domestic buy
e O.. tlde-cured tobacco to discuss
,.aas tar reopening of flue-cured
auction markets in the South, closed
2, tie result of withdrawal Of Brit
.sn buyers.
j 5. Ifutson. assistant AAA .ad-
r,rs.gator. and other tobacco di-
vson officials met with American
tuver. IN closed session. A statement
was expected to be issued later in
he day
The department is formulating
..anS to bring about a reOpening of
e markets. which shut down last
mex when prices dropped to ex-
-emely low levels, through imposi-
ION Of drastic control measures for
tne 1910 crop.
Meanwhile, group of tobacco
growers. Warehousemen and bankers
came here to confer with agricul-
.ural officials on the tobacco situa-
ION. CarOlinaS tobacco markets were
shut down recently after the I'm
perial Tobacco Company of Great
Britain withdrew its buyers from the
markets Il was disclosed that sew
eral plans to relieve the problem
created by low prices had been un-
der consideration.
One Of these would be the crea-
ton of corporation to buy and store
tooacco until d profitable market can
De found. Officials pointed out, how
eyer. that none of the proposals
could be adopted unless the farmers
approve forthcoming crop control
referendum for tobacco.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-09-19
Dutch Queen
Confident Of
Neutrality

The Hague, Sept. 19-(AP)-
Queen Wilhelmina of The Neither
lands today declared in her throne
address that she mad great conf
dence in the ability of her armed
forces to assure her country's neu-
trality Her Majesty, speaking at
the Hall of Knights under what she
described as ''sombre circum-
stances, expressed hope that her
country might be saved from "the
horrors Of war"
Her pacifist efforts, taken in
conjunction with the King of Bel
gium, have met with wide acclaim,
she said, and she still retains hope
that in the end peace may pre-
vail.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-09-19
New Regime
Is Forming
For Poland
Gov rnm ent for
Much Smaller Nation
Expected to S i g n
Russo-German Peace
Immediately, r o u
manian Sources Re-
port.

Cernauti1 Rounania, Sept. 19.-
(AP)-Reports from across the Pol
ish border today said a new pro-
German, pro-Russian regime was
about to pe established IN Poland,
replacing the government Of Presi-
dent Moscicki, Foreign Minister Beck
Marshal Smigly-Rydz and other Pol
ish leaders, who now are refugees IN
Roumania.
Informed persons forecast new
Polish government would immedl-
ately sign a peace pact with Ger
many and Soviet Russia and accept
a re-drawing Of Poland's borders.
It was said the new state would
be a ''buffer" between the two great
powers. Maps mailed from Germany
showing the expected partition and
Continued on Page Five)
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-09-19
Schawb, Once
Steel Titan,
Dies In N. Y.

New York, Sept. 19.-(AP)-
Death at IT has ended the fabulous
career of Charles M. SchWab, the
81 a day stake driver who became
one of Americas steel titanS.
The White-naired one = time
g trong man Of steel" first president
of the billion dollar United States
Steel Corporation, and founder of
the Bethlehem Steel Company, died
peacefully in his Park Avenue
apartment last night of coronary
thrombosis.
At his bedside were his broth
ei, Edward, and the latter's wife.
"He just slipped away, said the
brother.
Funeral services, his brother said,
Continued on Page Three.)
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-09-19
Germans Announce
Polish Army ast
Is Disintegrating

Berlin, Sept 19.-(AP)-The
German army high command is
sued the following communique on
operations in Poland:
"Dissolution and capiJllation Of
various enemy groups encircled by
German forces continues rapidly.
The enemy, encircled south Of the
Vistu]a between Warsaw and Kut-
no. southwest of Wyzogrod, was de-
feated and in a stage of complete
dissolution. The number Of pris-
oners taken and the amount of war
material captured cannot be esti-
mated ut the present time.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-09-19

Raleigh, Sept. 19.-(AP) : The
State Supreme Court today consoli-
dated for hearing at some future date
two cases involving the hydro-elec-
trio project of the City Of High Point
on the Yadkin river.
The request for consolidation, and
for a writ of certiorari to bring the
cases before the court, made by High
Point city attorneys, was granted
from the bench after lawyers for the
opposition said there was no OBJ
lection.
The court took under advisement
an appeal by j. P. Harris, from
Vance county, in which the consti-
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-09-19
SAYS RUSSIA AND GERMANY
WILL SETTLE FOR POLAND

Danzig, Sept. 19.-(AP)-Adolf
Hitler emphasized today 1--WE have
no war intention against either Eng
land or France"
"Russia and Germany will settle
this (Polish) situation, and this will
result in the removal of the tension"
he declared.
However, he expressed a deter
mination to continue the war as long
as he was forced, saying the word
'surrender" would not be uttered.
'Nor at the end of the sixth or the
seventh year." he shouted. 'The gen.
GRAFTON of today is not the genera
ton of Bethmann-HollWeg (the 1914
German chancellor)."
Earlier he had said the Germany of
today mo longer is a country to
which ultimatum can be dictated".
Continued on Page Five)
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-09-19
A. & M COMMITTEE
TO MEET THURSDAY

Raleigh, Sept. 19.-(AP)-The
executive committee of the Allan
tic & North Carolina Railroad,
which is the State-owned line be-
tween Goldsboro and MoreHead
city, now leased by H. P. Edwards,
of Sanford, will meet in Goldsboro
Thursday to try to speed up the
liquidation Of matters hanging over
the period Of the States operation
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-09-19
EX-CHANCELLOR OF
GEORGIA u. PASSES

Athens, Ca, Sept. 19.-(AP)-
Charles Mercer Smelling, 77-year-
old chancellor emeritus and or 81
years associated with the University
Of Georgia, died today at his home
here
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-09-19
Leaf Prices
Depend Upon
Arms Repeal
Daily UIspatcn Bureau.
In fhe Sir Walter Hotel

Raleigh, Sept. 19.-There is clear
evidence in official circles here OF a
general impression that fate, and ul-
innate price, of this years tobacco
eIop depends more upon quick re-
t.Slon Of the United States neutrality
10" than upon the control election
"hlch has been tentatively set for
early in October.
II IS conceded that the control poll
l'l3 viii have a much greater effect
~ iuture marketing and upon the
Continued on Page Five>
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-09-19
Third Term
Fear To Balk
Unity Plans
BY CHARLES p. STEWART
Central Press COlumniSt

Washington, Sept. 19.-It's too soon
to guess how successful PrcSiue,lt
Roosevelt will be III MS move to wipe
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-09-19

OOI Po1 ~ Al.iS3 ~
the face ci the
present national
emergency" or
limit e d e m e r.
gency." Public op-
inion hasn't ha3
time to react con-.
vi n ci n 6 ly. The
press has barely
begun to express
itself. Professoral
radio broadcaste:'G
editorialize cry
little: they try tC
of n Iror, oOno11,
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-09-19

state facts but not to draw cOnclu-
Continued on page tWo)
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-09-19

Continued on Page Three.)
Smyrna times., 1939-12-28
Coolest Spot on Earth

At Verkhoyansk, Siberia, one OF
the coolest spots on earth. the
month Of January usually averages
about So below zero.
Smyrna times., 1939-12-28
Naval Museum Forecast;
President Supports Move

WASHINGTON.-P for a ma
tional naval museum have received
widespread attention in naval cir
cles as a result of the emphasis
placed on sea power during the Eu-
ropean crises. and the greatly ex-
panded naval defense program.
The site already has been allocat-
ed. Plans are being prepared, and
1t is believed that congress may ap-
propriate funds at this session per-
mitting early construction of the
building beside the Potomac river in
which will be moored such historic
ships as the frigate Constellation.
Admiral Dewey's flagship, the
Olympia, and Admiral Farragut's S
flagship. the Hartford
There is almost a complete lack
of naval and maritime museums in
this country. and this project, orig
inaIly sponsored by the Naval His
toricai foundation. is strongly sup
ported by President Roosevelt, who
was the first to propose such a mu-
scum when he was assistant secre-
tary Of the navy. 1t is believed the
President is anxious to see work
started on the project before the
end Of his second term.
Smyrna times., 1939-12-28
There 5 q Science
In Switching Tires

NEW YORK.-Recent research
by the Rubber Manufacturers as
sociation has led that organization
to issue advice to the public on the
best plan for alternating tires on
passenger cars. Tires should be
switched without dismounting them
from wheels.
Here is the advice: Switch the
wheel positions of tires every 5000
miles or thereabouts, changing
wheels without dismounting tires, in
this order: Right front to right rear;
right rear to left front; left front to
left rear; left rear to right front.
Gambler, caster, toe-in and turn
ing of the wheels, which are neces-
sary for steering and turning the
car, affect front tire wear. On the
other hand power transmission is a
decided factor in rear tire wear but
does not affect front tires.
High crown roads are a factor in
fast and irregular tread wear. caus-
ing tires to wear more on the inside
of the tread toward the car, than
on the outside.
Smyrna times., 1939-12-28
Latvians Adopt Cultism
To Increase Birth Rate

RIGA, LATVIA.-Once one of the
proverbially high birth rate regions
OF eastern Europe, Latvia has be-
come thoroughly westernized as far
as its birth rate is concerned during
the p years Of its existence as an
independent nation. Alarmed by the
trend, leading Latvians now are con-
sidering a ''cult of child-wealth" in
the totalitarian manner.
While there were 30.8 births for
every 1000 Latvians in the years
1897 to 1903. only 1873 per 1000 took
place in 1881 to 1885. Thus in a
period of less than 40 years the nat
ural annual increase in population
fell from 10.2 to 33 per 1000. which
puts Latvia not far ahead of her
Baltic neighbor Esthonia's Ia and
Frances 0.8-the two lowest rates
in Europe.
The majority Of Latvia's 1000, 900
inhabitants are farmers, but there
has been a marked drift to the
towns during recent years.