davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Imperial Valley press., 1939-05-03
Junior College
Students Honor
Senior Girls

Senior girls from the Imperial,
Holtville, Calexico and El Centre
high schools, and all Junior college
girls were guests at o charming tea
given Saturday afternoon by Gen.
tral junior college women students
in the Ten Thousand club house.
Members of Delta Sigma Chi Sor-
GRITTY actea as hostesseS for the stu
dent body. DAISY RapSon. president
o. the group welcomed the guests;
Margaret Madden explained scme
q the traditions of the institution;
Guy A. Weakley, superintendent Of
schools and Central principal vel
coined the students to Central;
Irene and Hortense Taylor were
heard in a delightful duet and Mrs.
Annette Gillett Of Centrals faculty,
delivered an inspirational address.
Old and new officers of Delta Sigma
Chi were introduced.
At the conclusion of the program,
tea was served, the club house and
tea room being beautifully 0ecorat
ed with spring flowers.
Imperial Valley press., 1939-05-03
Entertains at
Nav Day Party

Sne of the prettiest parties OF
the week was that at which Mrs
Otis HinSon, 730 Ell Centre avenue,
entertained friends Tuesday night,
a delightful garden party at her
home.
A May pole with yellow and green
streamefs was the center of atten-
ton and to each streamer was at
tached an exquisite nosegay OF yell
low snapdragons for each guest.
The refreshments repeated the
color scheme and May day motif
with the yellow ice cream and the
beautiful cake which resembled a
flower filled May basket
High score prize for bridge was
won by Mrs. Adams and low by
Mrs. Maquar while the prize for
finding her partner most quickly
went to Miss Maupin.
Guests were: Mrs. Aries Adams,
Mrs. Roche Maquar, Mrs. Pat Cory,
Mrs. Roy Maupin, Mrs. Bert Lewis,
Miss Ellen Maupin, Miss Julia
Tucker
Imperial Valley press., 1939-05-03

Miss Irene Swanson, popular
member of Central's faculty whose
marriage to Frank Edward Butter
worth of Pomona will be an event
of June 25, is being feted at a num-
her of events this month by her
many friends in the city.
Tuesday night the patio Of the
John r. Robertson home, Seventh
and SandalWood was headquarters
for a delightful party honoring Miss
Swanson, a surprise shower which
served also to celebrate her birth
day. HoStesSes for the occasion
were Mrs. Robertson, Mrs. H. G.
Jones and Miss Muriel Brown.
The warm, moonlight night and
the attractive patio with its flow
ers and greenery made a beautiful
setting for the affair, attended by
some 60 friends of the guest of
honor, who received many lovely
gifts from the group.
During the evening games were
played, Miss Dorothy Wilson and
Mrs. Eugene Waterman winning the
prizes.
Later refreshments were served,
the decorations featuring a May
basket idea. The handsomely ap-
pointed buffet table had a May
pole with its pretty Streamers as a
centerpiece, and also a miniature
bride and bridegroom to carry out
the bridal theme. Mrs. Homer T.
Miller poured.
School Party
Also on Tuesday Miss Swanson's
fourth and fifth period English
Glasses SurnriSed Miss Swanson with
Imperial Valley press., 1939-05-03
Women's Council
Elects Officers

Mrs. Russell Graves is the new
president of Womens Council of
the State Street Christian church.
being elected to that office at the
meeting Tuesday at the home OF
Mrs. Wesley He'll, SAB Sandalwood
Drive.
Mrs. Taylor is the new vice
president; Mrs. Philip knights, Sec
retary; Mrs. Frost, treasurer.
The group decided to aid the
Mexicans in the community as
their project next year.
Musical numbers were presented
by a group of Douglass high school
girls under the direction of Mis-
Ruth McGregor and accompanied
by Margaret Prince: Regina Payne
Sarah Payne and Essielene Doug
lass.
Imperial Valley press., 1939-05-03

Installation of officers for the
coming year was featured at the
final meeting of the Ten Thou
sand clubs Arts and Crafts Sec
ton Tuesday in the club house.
Mrs. Earl Farris heads the sec
ton as chairman, the other Off
GERS being: Mrs. 3. o. Mitchell,
vice-preSident; Mrs. c. T. Gilkison,
secretary; Mrs. w. r. Roberts,
treasurer; Mrs. Forrest Manley,
auditor. Chairmen in charge Of
the various activities include: Mrs.
N. A. Contos wood work; Mrs. w.
A. Swerdfeger leather; Mrs. 1. N.
Hitchcock, cork; Mrs. f. B. Mason,
Jr., publicity.
Mrs. r. c. Barter, who has serv-
ed the section as chairman for the
past two years was presented with
a handsome filet lace cloth in ap-
preciation of her work for the
group.
Imperial Valley press., 1939-05-03
Amigos Circle
Elects New
Officers

Mrs. Edgar Beecher was elected
president of Amigos Circle of the
First Baptist church at the meet
ing Tuesday night at the home OF
Mrs. william Gullett, 664 Brighton
avenue.
Other officers elected are: Mrs.
Hugh Heating, president: Mrs.
Gullett, secretary, and Mrs. Sibley,
treasurer.
After the business meeting. all
entertaining group game was played
which was followed in turn by the
serving Of refreshments by Mrs.
Gullett assisted by Mrs. Frank
Brewer.
Those present we're: Mesdames
Lawrence Harris, Warren Woody
Earl Parker, Harold E. Doty, Edgar
Beecher, George Fluter, Kenneth
Hines, Ralph Sibley, O. L. Wood
Frank Brewer, Hugh Heating.
Imperial Valley press., 1939-05-03

Just what can be done with the
new electric ranges and roasters
will be demonstrated at the two
day free electric cooking school
sponsored for Thursday and Friday
afternoons Of this week by the New
Cal and the POST Press.
Miss Marian Call of FL Centre
and Miss Ellen Roe of Brawley,
Nev-Cal's expert demonstrators,
will cook complete meals on top
of the ranges, in the deep well
cookers. ovens and in the electric
ranges, also preparing refrigerator
salads and desserts.
Imperial Valley press., 1939-05-03

Music. flowers and May all seem
to belong together, to quote Mrs.
W. w McEuen in her Introductory
remarks for the May day break
fast Tuesday noon at the Metho-
dist church social hall.
Belong together they did that day
for the social hall was decorated
with a profusion of flowers which
made an ideal background for the
breakfast and for the charming mu-
sical program presented by Mrs.
Homer Nelson and Mrs Jack
Brem.
Tables were centered with small
Imperial Valley press., 1939-05-03
Miss Irene Swanson Guest
OfHonor at Parties

party and handkerchief shower
Donald w. Ketchen, vice-principal,
cooperating by calling Miss Swan
son to his office while the students
made their preparations.
When the guest of honor return
ed she was instructed to search the
room for her gifts after which
punch and birthday cakes were
served. The cake was lighted by
16 candles, the students pointing
out that an individual is only as
old as he feels.
The party concluded with an
hilarious mock wedding In which
Mary Louise Sigmon officiated as
the minister; Barbara Robertson
as the bride; Leland Ritter, as the
bridegroom and Ray Mouser, as the
flower girl.
Imperial Valley press., 1939-05-03
Union Ne Getting Of
Christian Women

Can Christians Bind the World
Together?" is the theme fer the fel-
lowship luncheon to be attended BY
all Christian women CT the city
Thursday noon. 1915. in the Meth
cdist social hall.
This meeting is planned so that
this group of women may discuss
matters OF mutual interest with
general view to the betterment of
the community.
Mrs. Charles Roland of Holtville
returned missionary, will be the
principal speaker.
Imperial Valley press., 1939-05-03
Spring Swing
ThursdayNisht

CALEXICO, May 3. - Spring
Swing" is the appropriate title
chosen for the concert and dance
program to be given Thursday night
at 8:15 o'clock in the high school
auditorium under the direction of
John E. Johnson, head of the music
department.
Proceeds from the concert will be
used in purchasing new uniforms
for the band.
The band itself and the chorus
will be presented as will be a caval-
cade of the dance, showing the
changes in dancing which have
evolved through the years.
Imperial Valley press., 1939-05-03
Braw|ey Officers
Installed

BRAWLEY, May 3.-Officers of
the Business and Professional Wom-
ems club with Mary Galpin as pres
ident were installed Tuesday night
in an impressive ceremony con-
Quoted at the Planters hotel.
Ruby Barthel of Ell Centro, coun-
ty president, was installing officer
and the service was an original one
written by Mrs. Barthel for the
occasion. The solemn ritual, the
pretty garden and the evening
gowns of the women made the scene
picturesque one.
Other officers installed were: Ell
eanor Heimark, first vice-president;
Rose Lesh, second president;
Teresa Hovley, corresponding sec
retary; Jean Ellsworth, recording
secretary; Stella Lackey, treasurer
Imperial Valley press., 1939-05-03
May Program at
Acacia School

A May pole dance program, fea-
turing the traditional crowning of
the May queen, is scheduled for
Thursday evening at 7:30 O'Clock
in the Acacia school.
All grades of the school are TAX
ing part IN the festivities, the pro-
gram being arranged by the teach
ers of the school, Mrs. Olive Garlic
ton, Mrs. Helen Walker and Miss
Laura GilStrap.
Patsy Flores is the queen of the
Nav
Imperial Valley press., 1939-05-03

Mr.. and Mrs. Fred A. Baughman
of Lakeside, Ohio, have a second
son, born within the last few days,
according to word received by
friends in Ell Centro. The Baugh-
mans formerly lived In the valley.
Mr.. Baughman being connected
with the U. S. weather bureaus
fruit-frost service.
Joe Woodbridge, former El Gen.
tran, last week was admitted to the
California state bar having sue
cessfully passed the examinations.
Mrs. Woodbridge is the former
Aileen Hartzog, daughter of Mr..
and Mrs. w. E. Hartzog. Mr.. Wool
bridge attended Central Junior col
| lege. He is connected with the
Kern County Adjustment Bureau
and, with Mrs. Woodbridge, makes
his home at Bakersfield.
Mr. and Mrs. H. Ct. Jones are
leaving Thursday for Riverside for
a brief visit, stopping at Hemet on
their return trip to attend the
Ramona pageant.
Miss Yvonne Van Der Linden
Miss Irene Van Der Linden, Mr.
and Mrs. Henry Cauza. Jake Oliv-
er, and Clarence Walters spent Sun
day at Lake Morena.
Miss Margaret MouSSeau, former
Ell Centran, has returned to the
city to live and is making her home
with Mrs. Pearl Burke.
Friends of Mrs. William J. Dick.
ey. the former Margaret EIDE Of E
Centre, will be interested in learn
ing that she is planning TO be il
the valley soCn for a brief viSi
with her parents, Mr., and Mrs. Bel
Christian. Mrs. Dickey and he
young son. Billie, will arrive in th'
valley Saturday from Watsonville
Mrs. Dickey was society editor o.
the Morning Valley Farmer.
Mrs. H. Y. Hughes, former E
Centre resident, is in the Goot
Samaritan hospital also, recuper
ating from q tonsilectomy perform
ed Monday. Mrs. Hughes was for
merly a member of Chapter AV
P. E. O.. and Mr.. Hughes was con-
nected with the Ell Centro branch
of the Security First Nationa
bank.
Mr. and Mrs. Edward Foster ant
Arthur Bouse, of Hayden, Arizona
visited Mrs. Fosters aunt, Mrs
Perta Kempland, this past week
end. Mrs. Foster is the formel
Mickey Snodgrass who has visiteo
the valley many times and who ha:
number of friends in Ell Centro
Imperial Valley press., 1939-05-03
HoitviIle Women S
Council Me cts

HCLTVILLE, May 3. - Women's
council OF the Methodist church
will have its monthly session Thurs
day at II am. in the church edu-
cational hall. A pot luck luncheon
will be served at noon and mem
berS are to bring service.
Imperial Valley press., 1939-05-03
McCabe Operetta
Thursday Night

McCabe school will present The
Pied Piper, delightful operetta
based on the famous poem by Rob
ert Browning, at o'clock Thurs
day night in the school.
Ice cream and cake will be sold
by the All club members before
and after the program.
The operetta is open to the pub
lie
Imperial Valley press., 1939-05-03
Free Electric Cooking School
Opens Thursday at Theatre

Scores of free prizes will be given
away daily, the grand prize being
an electric roaster plus the demon
stration meal cooked in it. Electric
appliances will be on display SO
that those who attend the school
may see some of the newest kitchen
aids for the housewife.
New recipes, methods of reducing
cooking costs and time spent in
the kitchen will also be featured.
Imperial Valley press., 1939-05-03
News Items About
VALLEY Residents

Mrs. Lee Taylor will represent
the Barbara Worth Rebekahs at
the sessions of the Rebekahs as
sembly.
Coulee City dispatch. [volume] (Coulee City, Wash.) 19??-19??, 1939-10-26
Sims Corner

A farewell party was given sun
day at the Grange hall, honoring Mr..
and Mrs. Carroll Pitts VINO are leav-
ing this community. Most OF their
relatives, children and grandchildren
were present, besides nearly the
whole community.
Mrs. Nola Fields visited at the
Leander home Sunday.
Miss Wanda Pitts has returned to
Wenatchee where she IS taking a
beauty course.
Mrs. Jordan, county superintendent,
visited the schools in this community.
and also at the Weimerskirch home.
Mrs. Burton, who has been visit
ing at the home of Jasper Burton,
returned to Waterville with Mrs. Jor-
Gan Wednesday.
A towel and spoon shower was
given Mrs. Jones, who lost most OF
her clothing in recent fire.
Mrs. E. w. Lemley and Mrs
Jones called on Mrs. Weimerskirch
last Saturday in Mansfield, while the
men folks attended a Grange set-up
meeting.
Bob Henry, wife and daughter Wis
tied his mother, Mrs. Jones, this week
Lloyd Mclean and family called
at. the Del Mclean home Sunday.
Ralph Mclean is taking over the
ranch of George Smith who recently
moved to Coulee City.
Miss Bernice Struntz is in Eph'
rata visiting her sister.
Coulee City dispatch. [volume] (Coulee City, Wash.) 19??-19??, 1939-10-26

Thompson, Friday, Oct. 9th, 8 a. M
to p. m. For quick repairs mai
glasses direct to DR.. Alfred p. Jones
Box 1916, Spokane. adv.
Mr.. and Mrs Milton Kirkwood and
family of Vantage were visitors here
last night. Mr.. Kirkwood was guest
of honor at a Boy Scout banquet.
Pipe for the new water mans has
| been distributed around the streets
of Coulee City, and work of installing
! it is expected to commence about the
first of the month.
Duck and goose hunters IN tins Va
cinity report fairly good results during
the first week of the migratory BIRD
season.
Ed koss, Grand Coulee clothing mer'
chant, transacted business here on
Tuesday.
Postmaster Alf Twining resumed his
work in the postoffice this week, Tor
lowing a siege of illness.
Mr.. and Mrs L. F. Rhodes, ST., ane
daughters, Mary and Anna Lou, mo
/ tored to the dam Thursday.
Mrs Harold Turner of Harrington
is visiting her mother, Mrs Myra Da
Wis, of this city.
Mr.. and Mrs. Earl Gegner an'
daughter, Carol Sue, visited relative
at Twisp, Wednesday.
| Mrs. Olsen of Lamon, M'nn,
visiting her daughter, Mrs. Leonaf
DIN.
d Coulee City Women's club met o
II Monday night with Mrs. Roy Dlerke'
The study for the year will be a
| imaginary tour through South Ame1
lea.
| FOR SALE-A few gallons 9
prestone at $3.50 per gallon, Will
Hit lasts. Last notice.-Wagoner Fu'
II Yard. one-half block west of depo
adv.
II A son was born October 2 to d
i and Mrs. Ralph Gregg of Tacoma.
II Miss Marjorie Eager, who has bee
| working out of the Grant-Dougl'
| health office here, has been tran
II ferred to Tacoma, effective Nov. L.
II SEND BROKEN GLASSES dire
II 20 DR.. Alfred e. Jones, Box l2l6 Sp
| kane for quick repairs Glasses mani
| featured by recognized dispensers. ad
II Mr.. and Mrs. r. G. Ziebarth
Long Beach were guests at II
Thompson hotel Saturday night. M
II Ziebarth is associated with the COZ
struction company which is buildir
the Bonneville-Coulee transmssio
n line.
Coulee City dispatch. [volume] (Coulee City, Wash.) 19??-19??, 1939-10-26

Mr.. and Mrs. John Howell of Ell
lensburg visited at the home of Mr.
and Mrs. John Tucker the first OF
the week.
! Mr.. and Mrs. Dewey Holcomb ana
two children returned Monday from
snohomish where they had been visit:
ing for a few days.
Ed Mizener is home after week Is
stay in Spokane.
For a Scientific examination and
Better Glasses, in Two Payments
see DIR. Alfred E. Jones at Hotel
Coulee City dispatch. [volume] (Coulee City, Wash.) 19??-19??, 1939-10-26
Jack Lewis of Seattle spent t

Jack Lewis of Seattle spent the
weekend hunting in this vicinity.
Mrs. Vina Leahy, Chelan county
school superintendent, was visitor
in town over the weekend.
FOR RENT-Anyone wishing car
ms for the winter at Blue lake sec
Mrs. Mary Mccain. adv.
Coulee City dispatch. [volume] (Coulee City, Wash.) 19??-19??, 1939-10-26
II 1850 1850 ,'1||22

Mrs. w. c. Willis is visiting rela
tives in Wenatchee.
A number of friends gathered at
the John Tucker home Monday after
noon to extend birthday greetings to
Mrs. fuckers mother, Mrs. Howell,
who was celebrating her eighty second
birthday.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1939-02-09
WILLIAM NJ. THAYER

William NJ. Thayer, aged 81 years
of Thayerville, eight miles north OF
Oakland, died ae 1870 o'clock last Fri
day morning, February 8.
He was born in Garrett county on
August 16, 1856, a son of the late Mr.
and Mrs. Wright Thayer, one of the
pioneer families of this section. His
wife, the former Miss Fannie Beck
man, died on June IA, 1888.
Mr. Thayer was a farmer and for a
number of years operated store and
was postmaster at Thayerville before
she delivery of mail by carrier from
the Oakland postoffice was estab-
Ished
Surviving are two sons, the Rev
Eugene Thayer, Stanton, Va, and
Getty Thayer, Tioga, West Va, and
&wo daughters, Misses Mae Thayer and
Irene Thayer, at home. Two brothers,
Daniel Thayer, of Deer Park, and Geo
T. Thayer, of Oakland, also survive.
Funeral services were conducted
from the Deep Creek Baptist church
at Thayerville at two o'clock Sunday
afternoon with Rev. w. B. Orndorff,
pastor, officiating. Interment was in
she Thayerville cemetery.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1939-02-09
MRS. SARAH b. BURST

Mrs. Sarah Beachy burst died at her
nome near Bittinger last Thursday af-
ternoon, February 2. Mrs. burst had
been in failing health for several years
and a heart complication caused her
death.
Mrs. burst was a daughter of John
C. and Sarah Beachy, also natives Of
this county and lived within its Dor
ders all her life. Many years ago she
married Ira burst, who with their one
foster daughter, Mrs. Irwin Beachy,
survives. Mrs. burst also leaves one
sister, Mrs. Dennis DERRICK, Bittinger,
and three brothers, Oliver Beachy, of
Bittinger; Simon Beachy, near Sails
bury, Pa, and Ernest Beachy, of near
Confluence, Pa.
Funeral services were conducted
Saturday afternoon, February A, 1889,
by Rev. A. c. Curran, pastor of the
Lutheran church, Of which the de-
ceased was a faithful member for
many years. Interment was in the
Bittinger cemetery.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1939-02-09
MRS. RACHEL ELLEN LAUGHLIN

Mrs. Rachel Ellen Laughlin, aged
SO years, widow of the late DR.. j. w
Laughlin, died Sunday morning, Feb
ruary 5, at the home of her daughter
Mrs. Bushrod Grimes, in Morgantown
West Va, following an illness of a
week
Mrs. Laughlin was the daughter of
David and Harriet Hoge and was born
at Oak Forest, Greene county, Pa.
September %, 1855. She came to Gar
rett county fifty-eight years ago with
her husband and they resided at Deer
Park and Mountain Lake Park for
many years. Mrs. Laughlin was unu-
sually active in community affairs at
Mountain Lake Park. Her husband
whose death occurred a number OF
years ago, was a Civil War veteran
and participated in the Battle of Get
tysburg as an artilleryman attached
to General Warren's battery located
on Little Round Top. He practiced
medicine until his death at both Deer
Park and Mountain Lake Park.
Mrs. Laughlin was devout Chris
tan and was a member of the Metho-
dist church at Deer Park for more than
fifty years. She spent her summers in
recent years at Mountain Lake Park
where she owned and maintained a
home. She was a regular attendant at
the sessions of the Mountain Lake
Park Camp Meeting Association for
a half century. Recently she had been
residing with her son-in-law and
daughter, Mr.. and Mrs. Bushrod
Grimes in Morgantown, West Va.
Mrs. Laughlin's remains were
brought to the Leighton Funeral Home
on Oak street, Oakland, Sunday after
noon where funeral services were con-
Quoted on Tuesday afternoon at two
o'clock with Rev. Harold W. Gamb-
lin, pastor of the Mountain-Lake Park
Methodist church, officiating. Inter
ment was made in the family plot in
the Deer Park cemetery.
Surviving are two children, Mrs.
Bushrod Grimes, Morgantown, and
Hice R. Laughlin, Cumberland, re-
tired superintendent of the Cumber-
land Division of the Baltimore and
Ohio Railroad; five grandchildren and
two brothers, P. NJ. Hoge, of Fairmont,
West Va, and Thomas Hoge, of Sacra-
mento, California.
Pallbearers were DR.. B. F. Selby,
Ralph E. Weber, H. V. Leighton, C.
V. Harvey, c. P. Martin and Donald
R. Sincell.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1939-02-09
| SEE BY The DAILIES THAT.

The Air Ministry at Londen, Eng
land announced Great Britain would
purchase $50 war planes in the United
States in addition to the 400 already
on order.
Lansdale G. Sasscer, Democrat, for
mer State Senate president, who was
unsuccessful in his bid for the Demo-
cratic nomination for Governor, re-
turned to political prominence as Con-
gressman-elect from Maryland's Fifth
District. He was named to the House
of Representatives at a special cleo
ton conducted last Friday to fill the
seat made vacant through the death of
the late Stephen w. Gambrill.
Several deaths were charged against
flood conditions over the past week
end. At Cambridge, Nd, nine men
were drowned when three vessels of an
oyster fleet capsized after being struck
by sudden high wind.
Vaccine for 100000 persons has been
rushed into 80 counties in Kentucky,
which are suffering from flood waters.
In five states 10000 families have
been affected by floods. The Ohio
reached its crest at Cincinnati at 58.2
feet.
By vote of 344 to 35 the House of
Representative authorized the Dies
committee to continue it's investiga-
ton of un-American activities until
next January. The committees wit
nesses last fell and during the winter
criticized some persons in the Wash
ington Administration and denounced
Governor Frank Murphy, of Michigan,
who is now Attorney General, for his
procedure in handling sitdown strikes
and strikers.
An improved agricultural situation
this year is assured" the Department
of Agriculture in Washington has re-
ported in forecasting an increase i'll
farm income.
The Senate rejected 72 to 9 Presi-
dent Roosevelt's nomination of Floyd
H. Roberts, to be d Virginia federal
Judge. Senators Glass and Byrd, Vir-
ginia Democrats, had objected to the
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1939-02-09
House Warming Held In Florida
For Garrett County Couple

Last Thursday evening, February z,
members of the Baptist church at
Lynn Haven, Florida, and other
friends, gathered at Bonnie Doom,
the new home of Veteran and Mrs.
George Brown, for a house warming
social. The purpose of the meeting,
according to Rev. w. l. Coburn, was
the dedication of another Christian
home in Lynn Haven and welcome
to Mr.. and Mrs. Brown, who had re-
Gently arrived there from Mountain
Lake Park.
There was group singing of hymns.
Mrs. Mary A. Bucklin, a 90year-old
pioneer of Lynn Haven, and Veteran
Brown gave a duet and Mr.. Brown also
participated in a trio in giving a num-
Der of selections. There were also short
talks. Mr.. Brown voiced his apprecia-
ton of the welcome and the friend
ships formed. Seven States were rep
resented in the group.
Lynn Haven is a town founded by
Civil War veterans as retreat during
old age. 1t is now populated by a
number of Spanish-American War and
World War veterans. A number OF
winter homes have been built there by
former soldiers of Northern States.