davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1939-05-26
Mystery of SquoIus Tragedy
Deepens as Survivors 7 ToIk
Comdr. EI|sbere Believes Lights Told
Prien All Valves Were Closed

had happened in the submerging
Squalus. Straight -forwardly, openly,
honestly and in his own words, each
related his own story. and while no
one man in that 300-foot- long and
much subdivided submarine was in
any position himself to see every
thing, from them all fair account
of what happened may be pieced
together. But why 1t happened re-
mains more Of a puzzle than ever.
Around Alfred G. Prien, ma
chinist's mate, second class, the
problem circles.
The Squalus, diving ahead on the
surface on her Diesel engines. pre-
pared to make test dive to a depth
Of so feet to check the time of sub
mergence required to bury tower
enough to make her invisible and
lnvulnerable to gunfire from hypo-
thetical approaching enemies. At
his operating station in the control
room before a formidable array of
valve machinery and veritable GAL
axy of indicating lights sat Prien on
whom devolved. in addition to his
job of venting and flooding the bal
last tanks in order to submerge the
boat, the very important task of
closing the two largest airvalves in
the boat. One of these, 81 inches
In diameter, feeds air from the
superstructure to the Diesel engines
aft, the other, somewhat smaller.
feeds air into every compartment
forward and aft in the boat. Both
valves are so large that special ma
chinery is required to operate them.
The diving signal came. Immedi-
ately the Diesels were stopped and
then Prien swung into swift action,
opening ballast tank vents, opening
the flood valves, showing closed the
controls for the air induction valves.
Before him, as all over the ship
valves opened or closed in obedience
to the controllers, lights began to
flash on the indicating board before
Prlen, showing the completion of
each operation. With air roaring
out the open ballast tank vents,
water rushing into them through
the opened flood valves, and the
diving rudders trimmed down, the
Squalus, rapidly losing buoyancy,
began to submerge. The air induc-
ton valve lights flashed on, show
ing Prien these valves were closed
and his major job completed.
Downplaned the Squalus. At
around Is feet on the depth. gauges,
her deck went awash and the main
Evening star., 1939-05-26
AN.Aboard Squa|us
Were Paid Up in Navy
Voluntary Relief Unit
Association to Aid
Mourning FomiIies in
Need of Funds
~ the Associated Press.

~ the Associated Press.
PORTSMOUTH, N. H., May 90
All the Navy men aboard the
stricken submarine Squalus-the
living and the dead-were paid up
100 per cent in the Navy's Voluntary
Relief Association, officials disclosed
today.
And from its funds the association
i stands ready to aid the mourning
fsu,ilies who are In need.a Such as
sistance to widows and children of
the dead would be in addition to the
regular lump payment of six months
pay, the officers asserted.
Comdr. A. E. Stone, chaplain of
the Portsmouth Navy Yard, said
several hundred dollars in voluntary
contributions had come into the re-
lief fund since the tragedy. most of
1t from naval bases throughout the
land.
Some officers said they had heard
reports from Washington that ef-
forts would be made to place the
tragedy on a wartime instead of
peacetime footing, which would en-
able Congress to vote lifetime pen
sions to the widows and orphans of
the Navy's dead.
And although the navy yards flag
remained at full-staff today prepa-
rations were under way to care for
the 26 dead.
Officers said the bodies would be
sent home at once for burial to-
gether with Navy funds to pay fu-
neral expenses.
The flag will be lowered to half
staff when the Squalus reaches port.
Evening star., 1939-05-26

would instantly have stopped, no
one aft would have drowned and,
though on the bottom, 1t. Nauuin
and his crew could soon have ex-
PEELED what water had already en-
tered and brought up their own
boat.
But with the controls in the proper
location and the indicator lights,
even with the boat sinking, showing
the valves still closed, there was
nothing he could do there. Prien,
dazed by sight he could not un-
derstand, was left staring at his
lights, while 1t. Naquin turned at
tention to his last chance, floating
up his boat by hurriedly blowing
with compressed air the ballast
water from his ballast tanks. But
unfortunately in the already water
logged boat, that failed to stop his
descent and the Squalus, stern first,
hit the bottom in 240 feet, with
water rushing in aft at terrific
Evening star., 1939-05-26
Kiinq
Continued From First Page

night at Banff National Park and
rest through the next day before
starting on to the Pacific Coast
Sunday.
They concluded their visit to
Regina last night with a dinner
given by 1t. Gov. A. P. McNab at
which for some reason UNEXPLAINED
the two royal footmen, who came
over from England to do the lob,
did not serve.
The honor fell to Norman Hudson
OF Saskatoon, of whom the chef.
Josef Bruno zeppo, declared: He
did all right" Zeppo was pleased
that the King and Queen seemed to
enjoy the food, except the King who
late the peas and new potatoes but
not the caulif1ower."
But the breast of chicken? "Yes,
all of it," and, pointing to we'll
cleaned dinner plates: "See. This is
the way all the plates come back.
It y good"
Evening star., 1939-05-26
Boy Tries to Hang
Himself by Belt in
| HyuttsviHe Jail

A IA year old boy, who
escaped from a detention home
a month ago, today attempted
to hang himself by his belt in
the Hyattsville (Md) jail.
Only the bending of a safety
pin with which he fastened his
belt to the Jail bars saved the
life Of the boy, who told DR..
w. E. Malin he would rather
die than go back to that place."
The boy was found uncon-
scious on the floor by George
Wiseman, jailer, who opened
the door just before II o'clock
to feed the prisoner. After the
boy was revived, Officer Henry
G. Briscoe placed him in the
woman's detention room, pend
ing his return to the home.
Evening star., 1939-05-26
Senator Calls for Survey
OF Navy Safety Devices

Senator Tobey, Republican, of
New Hampshire asked today a sur
vey of safety devices used by the
Navy in submarine disasters.
He proposed legislation directing
the Secretary Of the Navy to report
= the Senate on the availability Of
SDcue equipments at the time of the
onualus disaster.
The survey, he said, should deter
mine whether Congress should ap-
Dropriate additional funds for add
ing to the Navy's rescue bells, Of
which there now are four.
Evening star., 1939-05-26
Skipper Assisting SquaIus,
New Sub Is Launched

BY the Associated Press.
GROTON, Conn, May 26.-The
submarine Sealion, the latest under
seas craft built here for the United
States Navy, slid smoothly of the
ways late yesterday in a solemn set
ting and minus her prospective COM
Evening star., 1939-05-26

mander, 1t. ]. K. Morrison, jr., Of
New London, who was busy assist
ing in rescue operations at the New
Hampshire scene of the Squalus
sinking.
Evening star., 1939-05-26
Four ItuIiuns Come Home

When Count Ciano made a
please -come-home" appeal to 1,499
Italians who live in the French
department Of Loire Interieure only
4 went back.
Evening star., 1939-05-26

rate, which soon drowned all hands
aft.
What happened? Nobody really
knows yet. But apparently the men
inside the Squalus we're guilty of no
negligence. And that shifts the
eyes of all concerned to the Squalus
herself, Can it be possible that in
this highly developed submarine, a
material failure occurred?
Reles sed by United Features Syndicate
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-04-22

ed to know him from his wide ac-
tiVity in church work. He is a deacon
and a Sunday school superintendent
Prohibition is quite unlikely to be
a real issue in 1910, but the Brough-
ton reputation as vigorous, con-
scientious and yet unfanatical dry
will get him many votes in prohibit
ton quarters. On the other hand,
vets have nothing in particular "a
gainst him and he would not be an
object of odium in their sight.
On the debit side of his ledger
obvious entries.
He is of the scholarly type, rather
than of the l-fellow-Well-met
school which characterizes most out
standing politicians. He will have no
vast or outstanding appeal to the av-
erage Mr. and Mrs. Tar Heel and to
many of them will appear entirely
too up-stage to swallow. Under the
surface, the Broughton personality is
pleasant, but he isn't the mixer type
by several thousand parassangs.
Then he will be assaulted as lob
byist; and the attacks will be backed
with the obvious evidence that he
has time after time appeared before
legislative committees to plead the
cause Of special interests. The rebuff
tai that he acted in a completely
ethical way and undertook these APP
pearanceS in his professional capa-
city, just as he would accept any
other legal business, may be COM
pletely logical, but it will not erase
the bad impression from the COM
mon mind.
There is some question, too, Wheth-
err he is sufficiently we'll known
''from Manteo to Murphy" as a can
didate for governor should be in Or
ported in many quarters that the re-
action to discussion of "Broughton's
chances" is the sincere query,
"Broughton? Who's he?"
In the absence of any inkling as to
the Broughton platform and the
Broughton opponent, it would be
foolish to make anything remotely
resembling prediction of the
Broughton chances. He has ability,
personal resources and the connec-
tons necessary to insure an adequate
campaign chest.
The vital statistics: Joseph Mel
vile Broughton was born in Raleigh
November II, 1888, the son of Joseph
Melville and Sally Elizabeth (Har-
ris) Broughton He attended Raleigh
schools and Needham Broughton In
stitute before going to Wake Forest
where he received an A. B. degree in
1910 He attended Harvard law
school, 1928 In politics he has
served as chairman Wake County
Democratic committee, 1868; city
attorney 1928, and State senator,
sessions of 1927 and 1929 He is a
Mason, a Baptist and member of
the Junior Order He is married and
has four children.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-04-22
Delmocracies To Win
Out, Benes Says
Continued From Page One)

\OOnClnu0Q from Page One1
of the eventual and final collapse Of
present-day European democracy"
said DR.. Benes, 1--WE must go back
to the World War, examine first Of
all the political, economic and moral
consequences of this great catastro-
phe and take into consideration the
peace treaties and the conditions of
European political life during the
whole period of postwar European
policy until toady.
can analysis of these consequences
shows fundamental facts which give
the full explanation of the present
day troubles and caos of Europe and
the difficulties of present-day de-
mocratic regimes"
"My impression is, that politically,
morally, economically and socially
these regimes have passed today their
elimination point and the only Sec
ton of their policy which continues
to give them new force and power
is their successes in international
policy and in general European and
world power-policy.
eve have approached, therefore,
the moment when this line of evOlu-
ton of the authoritarian regime in
Europe comes to the breaking point.
81 don't deny the army mistakes
and failures of European democracy.
But see that few years OF au-
thoritarian regime in many states in
Europe are sufficient to prove to an
impartial observer that their mis-
takes and their failures are greater,
more dangerous and more fatal for
their future and therefore their out
looks today are incomparably worse.
The democracies, of course, must
learn not only from their own mis-
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-04-22
Broughton Is Expected
To Enter Governor Race
Not Later Than May 10
CONTINUED From Page One)


many quarters that the Broughton
entrance will scare off some others
who would otherwise get into the
running.
AS candidate, Mr.. Broughton is
not likely to wear the State admin
istration brand, but he can by no
stretch of the imagination be con-
sidered among the list of candidates
who would be fought to finish by
that administration. In fact, it may
develop later that he is the heir of
at least a large part of Clyde R.
Hoey's political estate.
The Broughton opposition to the
governors fiscal policy in relation to
diversion of highway funds, how
ever, is expected to incline the ad-
ministratiOn to the more active sup
port Of some other candidate, such
as Lieutenant Governor Wilkins P.
Horton, who is definitely bidding for
it and will probably not enter the
lists unless he has it,
Elements of great strength are
quite visible in the Broughton can
didacy. To begin with, he is univer-
sally acknowledged to be one of the
States ablest lawyers and a man of
outstanding character and attain
ment.
Conservative by nature and train
ing, he has not alienated the possible
support of more liberal elements. AS
a State senator he was largely re-
sponsible for enactment of North
Cardinals workman's compensation
law and for his services in that re-
spect he won the friendship of labor.
He would undoubtedly attract much
support in that element.
His religious utilization with the
Baptist church would be no handicap
whatever. Not the type of man who
would campaign on a religious issue
Or to appeal openly for support from
his fellow d. lominationalists, he
would inquest ,nably get thousands
of votes from Hose who have learn
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-04-22
Congressman Skeptical
On Replies Sent
Continued From Page One)

Continued From Page One)
ritory taken by Hitler thus far was
closely allied with Germany, Clark
said he personally felt that the Nazi
fuehrer might not have further ter
ritorial designs in Europe.
Representative Ford, Democrat,
Mississippi, said he thought the re-
plies indicated that perhaps "the
feeling of war in Europe is subsiding
a little" That, he said, els encourage
in the whole world"
Logan, an administration support
err, said he had been hopeful that
Adolf Hitler, in replying to Presi-
dent Roosevelt's world peace over
lures, might make some counter pro-
posal, which would open the road to
peaceful settlement of Europe's diff
ficulties.
Representative Fish, Republican,
New York, said: pending Hitler's
reply to President Roosevelts offer
for ten-year non-aggression pact,
I think it advisable for all Amer
leans, regardless Of party utilization,
not to muddy the waters. l think it
essential for even the bitterest critics
of the Presidents foreign polio, and
l am listed in that group, to refrain
from making comment until Hitler
has answered.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-04-22
Franco Facing Uprising,
Washington Reports Say
Continued From Page One)

of Italy under Mussolini.
The dictatorship turned out to be
a frost likewise, and the so-called
republicans gained control, disposing
of ALI and Primo, both.
These alleged republicans (the
birds who have just been abolished
by Franco and the interests back Of
him) proved to be extreme radicals
communists, outright anarchists
and assorted reds. Undoubtedly they
were guilty of various scandalous
excuses.
Finally the more rational Span
ish element rebelled. The rebels
weren't reactionary enough to suit
the ltra-conservatives, but the lat
ter joined them, having nowhere else
to go.
General Franco took charge of the
rebellion. H
The so-called republicans put up
a -and-a-half year fight, but they
were split; all the moderates had left
them. Thus divided, republicansism
lost. Franco was on the job.
But the Franco-ites? Now they're
splitting also.
Francois accused of being a mere
stooge for Mussolini and Hitler-es-
pecially of Mussolini.
Want Their Liberty.
Well, even ultra conservative
Spain never wanted to be annexed
as something in the nature of an
Italian dependency. The Spanish are
proud people. They resent the no.
ton that Franco has sold them out
to II Duce, in order, possibly to make
try-subject to Rome's orders.
Consequently nationalistic Spain
seems to be Hopping into an anti
totalitarian alignment-not radical,
but violently opposed to Franco, and
his supposed hackers, Mussolini and
Hitler.
First the middle group was in re-
bellion against what was considered
communistic. Now it shows signs
Extremely conspicuous signso of
hostility to Fascism or Nazi-ism, as
supposedly represented by General
Franco. Accordingly Francois on the
spot. He needs Italian troops to help
him-and they're a liability in his
home territory.
Maybe he can conquer Spain
with an Italian army and German
aviators!
But he's Spaniard. Can he pop
ularize himself in this fashion? You
wouldn't think so.
Anyhow, the State Departments
dope is that he already is lettering
The chances of his status make
quite difference, considering pres
ent world considerations.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-04-22
Reply From Hitler
Will Be Vicious
Continued From Page Ore1

Continued From Page One)
weekly commentary which is known
to hace close foreign office cOnnec-
tons.
'It may also be asserted. that
the fuehrer, just like Premier Mus
solini, will remind the western pow
ers that peace must not be treated
like a dead organism, but as living
task of finding just solutions from
case to case"
Government spokesman have en-
phasized that no one knows what
Hitler will say next Friday before
an extraordinary session of the Reich
stag, summoned to hear his reply to
the message Roosevelt sent to Hit
Ter and Mussolini asking for at least
ten years of peace, and inquiring if
the two statesmen would give non
aggression assurances to 81 nations.
The editorial service said thai
president Roosevelt, in the eyes OF
the German people and its leader
is a second President Woodrow Will
son." and that ''from every point OF
view, he appears unfit to play the
role Of honest broker concerning Eu-
rODean affairS'
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-04-22
Senate Is Nearing
Early Showdown On
Neutrality Garages
CONTINUED From Page One)

Continued From Page One)
country, were assessed the extra Is
percent after a ruling by the attor-
ney general that Germany's intri-
cate currency system constituted a
subsidy to stimulate German exports.
Officials predicted more farmers
would cooperate with AAA crop con-
troll and soil conservation programs
this year than in any season since
they were started in 1888. A survey
just completed indicates, officials
said, that nearly 100000 farmers
will operate their farms in accord
ance with planting, cultivation and
pasture regulations of the AAA. This
would be IS percent of all farms.
A bill to authorize the appropria-
ton of $5,O00,0O0 annually to pro-
mote marketing of farm commodities
will be introduced Monday by Sen
ator Bailey, Democrat, North Car
DINA.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-04-22

takes and failures, but also from the
experience of the authoritarian re-
gimes.
mo, Europe will not collapse, Eu-
rope is just now in a new great
fight for democracy and freedom and
this fight will finish sooner or later
in an inevitable and decisive victory
of the principles of the high, free and
democratic civilization, which has
brought to such high degree of Gull
ture, force and happiness the United
States of America"
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-04-22
Feed Prices Rise,
Strawberries Off.
Poultry Is Steady

Raleigh, April 22.-Further sharp
gains in wheat millfeed prices were
noted in the feed market during the
past week, reports the U. S. and
North Carolina Departments of Agri-
culture in the weekly market news
service review. Continued scarcity of
offerings for immediate or prompt
shipment largely accounted for the
firm situation. High protein con-
centrates were mostly firm to slightly
higher. Corn feeds remained relative
ly cheaper than oilseed cakes and
meals. The index number of whole
sale feedstuff prices advanced to
1871, the highest point since Febru-
airy 1888.
North Carolina strawberries suff-
cred price losses during the period
in New York. A week ago 24-quart
crates of various varieties whole
sailed at 16 to 20 cents per quart. This
week, however, best offerings brought
IL to Is, few 16 cents with poorer
quality as low as six to 10 cents per
quart.
:. The live poultry market during the
past week ruled about steady on fowl
Fbut easy to weak on pullets, fryers
land broilers. The demand was selec-
tive and some classes continued
sdraggy. At the periods close all sizes
of colored fowl at II to Is cents net
#. o. B. to shippers in Washington
were fully steady. In Philadelphia,
however, 31a pound up rock fryers
sand broilers were again cent lower
at 18 to 20 cents per pound.
.. Egg markets held about steady
during the past week. In, some sec
stionS buyers were storing fancy oua1-
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-04-22
NO NATION IN EUROPE NOW
SECURE. ROJJMANTA REpT TEC

London, April u (AP) The
Roumanian government, asked by
Germany whether it felt threatened
by Nazi power, was reported relia-
bly, today to have replied that "Rou-
mania does not see how any one
could feel secure in Europe at the
present time"
Roumania's first move after reply-
ing to the German QUESTIONABLE was
to pass along the answer to the Brit
ish Foreign Office, it was said. IN
til word of the Roumanian reply was
received here, it was not believed
Germany had addressed her note. to
any of Britain's new eastern Euro
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-04-22
Stock Sales
1899 Lowest

New York, April 22.-(AP)-The
stock market looked like deserted
orphan today as traders left lead
ing issues to shift alphabetically for
themselves over slightly irregular
route. Transfers of less than 100000
shares were the smallest for any SEES
sion since June 18, last. Partly in
spring speculative indifference was
the desire of both buyers and sellers
to keep commitments light over the
weekend, when, it was recalled,
things have previously happened in
Europe that iolted the market one
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-04-22
Hitler Inquiry Is
Sent to Get Data
For Reply to FDR
Continued From Page One)

Continued From Page One]
British Foreign Office.)
(Foreign Minister Erkko of Fin
land replied that Finland did not con-
slider her neutrality threatened by
Germany. The Swiss government in
formed Germany that it believed its
neutrality would be respected by its
neighbors, "who including Germany
have expressly guaranteed it,. Swift
zerland added it was determined to
fight any aggression.
(The Netherlands told Germany it
did not consider itself menaced by
the Reich. Lithuania was reported
to have referred the German gov
eminent to German
treaty Of March %, in which Ger
many pledged herself not to restort
to force or support force against
force against Lithuania.)
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-04-22
A&NC Lease Wise
Course, Hoey Thinks
Continued From Page One)


pointed out, that nothing even re-
motely approaching 100000 a year
profit could be expected under State
operation, while the Edwards lease
agreement guarantees that much.
: AS for the proposition that leasing
the road has, or will, "scare off"
steamship lines from operating into
Morehead City on regular schedule,
the governor had little to say beyond
asking the rhetorical question why
it made the slightest difference to
steamer lines whether the State or
a private operator controlled the rail
line into the port. If steamship serv-
ice is justified under the one form
of control it will be equally justified
under the other, he contends.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-04-22
Cotton Price
Badly Mixed

New York, April 22.-CAP)-Cot-
ton futures opened five points low
err for May positions and two to four
higher for other active months. May
liquidation continued. Liverpool was
a fairly active buyer, and there was
some Wall Street covering. At the
end of the first hour, active de-
liveries held gains of three to six
points, except May, which was four
lower at 8.13.
Futures closed four points lower
to nine higher; spot nominal; mid
ding 1888.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-04-22
FDR agrees To !.
J Subsidy for Cotton
Continued From Page Onel

Continued From Page Onel
quest a fund of $24O,OOO, 900 for re-
moval of surplus commodities, with
about $6OOOO,OOO to be made avail
able for the cotton program.
''The revised plan will permit the
free flow of this years cotton crop
in the normal channels of trade"
Bankhead said. 81 expect the Amer
lean price to be stabilized at around
nine cents a pound"
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-04-22

ity nearby whites and browns. At
Washington, net F. o. B. to shippers,
government graded and dated, U. S.
extras large at 81 cents ungraded
white current receipts at 1872 to II
cents per dozen were unchanged.