davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Imperial Valley press., 1939-03-03
ST. PAUL'S ,Episcopal)
5th and Orange StS.

Sunday services, 7:30 and III am.
Church school, 10 am.
Junior Y.P.F., First Sunday eve
ming, 7:30.
Senior Y.P.F.. Third Sunday eve
ming, 7:3o.
Imperial Valley press., 1939-03-03
FOURSQUARE CHURCH
NVI' oIII anu OTdHSt
ReVS. j. o. and Mable Kirk past

Revs. j. o. and Mable Kirk pastors
9;45 a.m.-Sunday school for all
ages.
IL a.m.-Morning worship, Rev.
Kirk, preaching.
$50 p.m.-Crusader Junior Cru
sader and Watchman service.
7:3O pm. - Illustrated sermon,
The Great Windmill of The Cos
pel".
Tuesday and Thursday midweek
service.
Imperial Valley press., 1939-03-03
FIRST METHODIST EPISCOPAL
Eighth and Olive Streets
EIayd CfaS Johnson minister

Sunday school, GAS am; Robert
Armstrong, superintendent.
Morning worship at HOO; sermon
theme, Where Were You Then?";
soprano solo. Georgiana Sones and
Anthem by the Vested Choir.
Epworth League, 6:15 pm.
Evening service at 7:30; sermon
theme, Can We Hinder God?";
tenor solo by Joe HalliWell.
Imperial Valley press., 1939-03-03
SALVATION ARMY
S35 Broadway

Adj. Lee Montgomery in charge.
Jail service, 9 am, county jail.
Sunday school. 10 am.
Holiness service. IL am.
Young people, $50 pm.
Open air service, Z pm.
Indoor service, 7:45.
THURSDAY
Open air service, pm.
Indoor service, 7:45.
SATURDAY
Open air service, 6 pm.
Indoor service, Z pm.
Juniors and Young People, 6:3C
pm.
Imperial Valley press., 1939-03-03
FIRST PRESBYTERIAN
9th and Orange
George w. ThoI

George W. Thomas, DID, pastor
Church school, GAS am. A. j.
Smaller, Supt.
Morning worship. II o'clock. Ser
mon topic: "Are You The Salt OF
the Earth'P" Third Lenten Ser
Imperial Valley press., 1939-03-03
The Following Churches Inv tie Attendance

mon on the Teachings of Jesus.
Special music: Anthem, choir.
Young Peoples Societies: Chris
tian Endeavor, $50 pm.
Imperial Valley press., 1939-03-03
FIRST BAPTIST
Orange Ave at Seventh st.


Harold E. Doty, B.Th., pastor
Church school GAS. A. A. Moody,
Supt.
Morning worship, II. Junior
church and nursery at same hour
Sermon topic, THE Enabling
Christ" Communion service. -.
Special music, Anthem by vested
Choir.
Young Peoples Societies: B.Y.P.u.
four groups, $50 pm.
Evening worship, 7:30. Sermon
topic: What Is The Gospel"
Special music: Chorus Choir and
folk songs by Ethelyn Mills Gillespie.
Imperial Valley press., 1939-03-03
ST. MARY'S CATHOLIC
Fifth and Orange

Rev. J. A. c. Van Veggel, Pastor
Masses. Sunday, 8 and 10 a. m.
Week days, $3.50 a. M;
Catechism instruction, Saturday,
10 a. m.
Imperial Valley press., 1939-03-03
FIRST METHODIST EPISCOPAL
HOltyille

John Wesley Grarde, pastor
Church school, Gas am; Phil
Griffin, superintendent.
Morning worship, 11:00 sermon
topic, The Inspiration of The
Bible; Anthem by Choir, Verne S.
Harrison, director; Girls quartet,
Frances Rae Thompson, Frances
Gilliland, Marcia Mercereau. Mary
Gideon.
Junior Hi and Senior Epworth
Leagues, $50 pm.
Evening worship, 7:3O; sermon
topic, The Lords Prayer, Part III.
Imperial Valley press., 1939-03-03
STATE STREET CHRISTIAN
State and Fifth
Thomas L. Massie, pastor

InOmaS L.. MaSSie, pastor
Church school. 9:30 am; Miss
Ethel Maupin, superintendent.
Morning worship. 10:45; sermon
topic. I'VE Get Our Hands Soiled";
special music, James B. Fisher, Or
ganist ana choir director.
Four c. E. societies, $50 pm.
Evening worship, 1880; sermon
topic, Christians Facing Liquor
Facts.
Imperial Valley press., 1939-03-03

Allen C. E. League, 6 pm.
Evening worship, 7:45; sermon
topic, "Self-Denial'.
Imperial Valley press., 1939-03-03
Announc ements
Of Ne etinss

Chapter AV, P.E.O, will meet
Monday for o'clock luncheon at
the home of Mrs. Allen p. Nuffer,
572 Len Rey avenue.
Present Day club members will
be the guests of Judge and Mrs.
Vaughn N. Thompson Saturday
night, meeting at their home west
of Ell Centre at $50 o'clock for
dinner, a program and game of
| bridge.
Imperial Valley press., 1939-03-03

Mrs. Leona Jacobs, Deputy coun-
ty probation officer who recently
underwent an operation for appen-
dicitis, is recuperating at home,
making rapid improvement in
health.
Imperial Valley press., 1939-03-03

OF LATTER DAY SAINTS
tMORMONS)
Veterans Memorial Hall,
Tenth and State
Priesthood, $50 am.
Sunday school, 1920.
Relief Society, 3:45 pm. Tuesday
FUNDAMENTAL BIBLE
FORUM
BlenkirOn Bldg.
r. Nj. Entrikin, director
Meeting at 2:30 pm. Sunday.
Nom denominations Bible teach
ing.
Imperial Valley press., 1939-03-03
ST. PAUL A.M.E.
North j St., Imperial
Rev. William K. Rutledge. pastor

Church school, GAS am; A. l.,
Robertson, superintendent.
Morning worship, 11:l5; sermon
topic, The Dedication of Jesus to
His Life Vocation.
Imperial Valley press., 1939-03-03

Mrs. Ross T. HickcoX left Thurs
day for a brief visit on the coast.
Imperial Valley press., 1939-03-03
News Items About
Valley Residents

Mr.. and Mrs. Frank Morgan OF
Durango, Colorado. have been visit
ing Mr.. and Mrs. I. w. McGreW,
enjoying a respite from the severe
winter in that state.
Imperial Valley press., 1939-03-03

enjoying TtSpIUt IIOIII UIIe ooVofc
winter in that state.
Mr.. and Mrs. Al G. Smith of Los
Angeles are spending this week in
the valley at the Hotel de ANA,
Calexico, Mr.. Smith having come
down both for business and for
the Barbara Worth golf clubs an
nual tournament. During their stay
they have been entertained infor-
mally by their friends, having din
ner Tuesday with Mr.. and Mrs.
Cal D. Rector. Mr. Smith is for
mer resident and still retains his
business interests in the city.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1939-03-01
UNIFIED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INFERIOR GENERAL LAND OFFICE
 District Land Office
Anchorage, Alaska.

Anchorage, Alaska
 January 9, 1939 Notice is hereby given that Elmer Garnes, has made application for a homesite, Anchorage serial 03218, U. S. Survey No 2256, situated in sec. 31, T. 50 s. R. 68 F. GRIM. con- taining 4.97 acres, latitude 57' 30' N. longitude 134o 34' 34~ w. and it is now in the files of the U. s. Land Office, Anchorage, Alaska.
 Any and all persons claiming ad- versely any of the above mentioned land should file their adverse claims in the U. S. Land Office, within the period of publication or thirty days thereafter, or they will be barred by the provisions of the Statutes.
 GEORGE A. LINGO,
 Register. First publication, Feb. l, 1889. Last publication, March 29, 1889.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1939-03-01
GRAFT HERE ON
 WAY 10 SEATTLE
 FROM ALEUTIANS

Strange boat tc Juneau haroor, the motorship Martha. which plys on a year round schedule in the Aleu- tian Islands, has arrived in port for a short stop here enroute to Seattle for a complete overhaul.
 Under the command of Skipper Dan Pickard and First Mate Mrs. Dan Pickard, the stury 65-foot yes sel carries a cargo of some l,500 blue fox and platinum fox skins. These pelts, representing approximately $75,000 cash value, constitute ap- proximately 90 percent of the sea- sons fur output for the Aleutian Islands.
 Serving as the only convoy boat between Unalaska and Attu. run of some 800 miles, the ship is sole transportation medium for the half hundred trappers who work the Is land country. It can carry a crew of four and twelve passengers.
 When these trappers. mostly na- tive. travel to the site of their win ter activities, the wife and family and all household goods go along. Naturally in this far north section the skipper has a ringside seat at performances odd to city habitues.
 Native Mother
 One of my trips last December, " Pickard said, was hurry call to pull the mailboat Fern off the rocks at False Pass. Arriving at the scene two days before Christmas, we weren't able to budge the boat so we took the mail load and continued on with it to the ports to Unalaska. We delivered it in good shape, spending our planned holiday cele- bration bucking heavy seas. After New Years we started out on the regular trip picking up trappers
The Daily Alaska empire., 1939-03-01
YUKON DEPARTS IN EARLY DAWN;
 HAS B ABOARD

Leaving from the Al dock at 3:30 o'clock this morning, the steamer Yukon sailed for the Vest ward with g passengers aboard from Juneau.
 Passengers for Seward are A. A. Shonbeck, Mrs. A A. Shonbeck, J. s. Jeffries. Mrs. J. s. Jeffries, Jack Gucker, s. B Landrum, Maxine Olson, Herb Dundap. B. F. Kane.
 J. Oualins, John Slater. A. H. Gregory. Henry Warnos. Thomas Judson, w. J. Neine
 For Cordova-R. s. Cunningham, Robert Lawson.
 For Kcdiak-Mrs L. c. Stakes, II. R. Sarber.
 For Valdez-H A. Gerstman.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1939-03-01

cruises of that old trading veteran.
 They purchased the Martha in San Francisco three years ago and have used it since, where it travels a route extending beyond that served by the far-north mailboat Fern.
 In the winter months it is the lone vessel between Attu and Unalaska
 Isolated Run
 Flying the flag of the Aleutian Fur Company, the vessel in reality transports practically all trappers and their catch around the island area from Unalaska west of Unimak Pass to Attu, TOO miles removed from the northernmost tip of the Japa- nese Archipelago.
 Native trappers in the village of Attu operate on a communal basis and all proceeds are divided propor- tionately among the residents The income this year for the village was approximately $15.00o, which meant in the neighborhood of $450 for each yillager.
 What I like about Juneau is the trees, Mrs. Pickard declares, up in our country the only trees on the whole stretch is a small bunch of about seven evergreens near Una laska'
 F-f. .fI leave for Seattle tomorrow.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1939-03-01

The dangerous tse-tse fly of Africa has been largely controlled by use or screen traps.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1939-03-01
Empire State Still Tops
 ill Tax-Paying and Height
Empire Stale Building =. retains its rank
 By Central Press

NEW YORK-The Empire State Building-102 stories high-retains its rating this year as the highest tax-paying single privately-owneo building in America. And no struc. ture to surpass it in height is looked for in New York for some years to come.
 Tentative New York tax assess. ment figures for 1939-40 place the valuation of Empire State at ST., 750,000, unchanged from the previ- ous year
 But Rockefeller Center buildings as a group, are in first place with $65, 100000. This will be consider ably higher next year, as four more buildings will go into the assess ment when completed.
 Then there are the Metropolitan Life Insurance home office buildings at Madison Square. They are down on the 1889 valuation list for S25, 250,000. But an additional $13,000,- 900 building will be completed next year.
 Among the hotels, the Waldorf takes top rank with $22,000,000- down $500,000 from last year. Next ranking hotel in valuation is the Commodore-at 3,500,00O.
 The Chrysler building still holds second place in height in New York (and America) TIT stories, 1,046 feet high. The Empire State is 1,248 feet high. Third tallest build. ing is 60 Wall Tower, which is not in Wall Street, but Pine Street
The Daily Alaska empire., 1939-03-01

from Unalaska to Attu. We got iced down and pulled into Atka to chop out We got out of there and pro- ceeded on to Agattu to pick up other trappers.
 Tn this load, which we picked up at 4 o'clock in the afternoon, was a l5-year-old native girl. At 8 o'clock that evening this same girl gave birth to healthy son while we were on the open sea. She weathered the ordeal much better than I did, as she sat up the balance of the night drinking coffee and the next morn ing boarded a dory, carrying her new baby, and walked off onto the shore"
 Never Been Outside
 Deckhand on the boat is Mike Borenin. Mike is 43 years old and was born and raised in the barren Aleutians. During all his life the only four wheeled vehicle Mike has seen is an old one-ton truck out of Attu. He has never been outside his birthplace. Town here just like what I see in movies, he claims Mikes biggest trouble is crossing the street he says, T not fast enough for cars that go like hell"
 Mrs. Pickard has travelled on boats with her husband since their mar riage. She holds an operators license and stands her watch on the Mar tha. Her sea career started while her husband was chief engineer of the ill-fated motorship Patterson and she joined him on the trading
The Daily Alaska empire., 1939-03-01
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GENERAL LAND OFFICE
 District Land Office

Anchorage. Alaska.
 January g, 1889. Notice is hereby given that R. L.. Stewart, has made application for a soldiers additional homestead, under Sec. 2306 R. s. Anchorage serial 08549, situated approximately l mile northwest of the Juneau Douglas bridge on the east shore of Douglas Island, embraced in U. s. Survey No. 2335, containing PIT acres. Latitude 58' 18' 45" N Longitude 1340 26' w. and it is now in the files of the U. s. Land Office, Anchorage. AL aska.
 Any and all persons claiming ad-
The Daily Alaska empire., 1939-03-01

The American Bible society has issued nearly 300,000,0O0 Bibles since it's founding in 1916.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1939-03-01
MARINE NEWS
STEINER MOVEMENTS
NORTHROUND

 NORTHROUND ( c Northland due Friday. o Princess Norah scheduled to ar . rive Friday afternoon or ev- | Q ening. Should have two days
 mail SCHEDULED SAILfNGS 0 Tongass scheduled to sail from . Seattle tonight.
 North Coast scheduled 10 sail q
 from Seattel March 3 at 10
 c am.
 Alaska scheduled to sail from ( Seattle March at am. . SOUTHBOUND SAYINGS . . Baranof scheduled southbound c . Friday night or Saturday. She'd q uled to sail from Seward at (
 4 pm. today . Yukon scheduled southbound q next Monday. c LOCAL SAILINGS (
 Estebeth scheduled to sail every . . Wednesday at pm. for Sit . ka and wayportS. Dart leaves every Wednesday ( at 2 am. for Petersburg, Port { . Alexander, Rake and way ( . ports = (
The Daily Alaska empire., 1939-03-01

The nearest star except the sun is 300000 times as far from the earth as the sun is.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1939-03-01

versely any of the above mentioned land should file their adverse claim in the District Land Office, within the period of publication or thirty days thereafter or they will be barred by the Statutes.
 GEORGE A. LINGO,
 Register. First publication, Feb. 8, 1939. Last publication, April 5, 1899.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1939-03-01

ALASKANA. By Marle Drake. soc
The Daily Alaska empire., 1939-03-01
TIDES TOMORROW

Low tide-3::57 am. 37 feet. High tide-10:00 am, 162 feet. Low tide-4:37 pm, 10 feet, High tide-l1:00 pm, 15.2 feet.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1939-03-01
TORRANCE HERE;
 BRINGS 60 MEN

Army tender Torrance arrived from Chilkoot Barracks late last night with 60 enlisted men aboard under Capt. Clarence w. Hardy
 The ship is tied up at Govern ment dock and is scheduled to1 re- main in port until Friday.
 A basketball game originally card ed between the Haida and the Army quintets was postponed indefinitely due to previous occupancy of the High School gymnasium.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1939-03-01
BARAN0F CHEF
 ARRIVES HERE

Ray Harrington. Chef for the new Baranof Hotel, arrived on the steam CT Yukon with his wife and child to make his permanent home in Ju- neau.
 A former Juneau man, MT. Har- rington has of recent years been associated with the New Washing tcn and Mayflower Hotels in &c., attle.
Imperial Valley press., 1939-08-25

SAN FRANCISCO. Aug. rs. (UP)
The Associated Farmers of Cali
fornia, through its executive coun-
Gil. announced today 1t would do
everything possible to tell the pub
lie that John Steinbeck's Grapes
of Wrath" a novel of California
migratory labor conditions, cannot
be accepted as fact
Holmes Bishop, of Orange, pres
ident of the association, said the
Associated Farmers were not seek
ing to have the book banned or
suppressed but they feel that the
book creates antagonism and class
hatred" and instead of trying to
solve the migrant problem merely
harasses those who are working to-
ward that solution.
He commended however, such in
dividual counties as Kern county
which has barred the book from
the shelves OF it's public libraries.
mo one says that the thousands
OF families who were starving. be-
Imperial Valley press., 1939-08-25

scathingly attacked President Roose-'
velt's peace message to the fuehrer,
anti aircraft guns manned by full
crews were mounted on the roofs of
the war ministry and other big
buildings along the Inter Den Lin
den in the heart of Berlin.
Hitler after only three hours sleep
following last nights war council,
returned to his desk this morning
and telephoned to Albert Forster,
who was elevated yesterday to be
head of the Danzig state in what
some sources considered the first
move toward actual reunion of the
free city with Germany. Then the
fuehrer saw his foreign minister,
Joachim Won Ribbentrop. and COM
manders of the armed forces.
Authoritative Nazi sources out
lined the progress toward a show
down as follows.
l. The Nazi war of nerves will
be intensified against Poland, as
demonstrated by charges in the
press today that eight Germans
were shot dead and seven others
wounded by Polish police.
2. The peace plea from Presi-
dent Roosevelt will be treated
just about as the American presi-
dents earlier message was treated
rejected publicly or ignored
without a direct answer.
3. Hitler will attempt to COM
plete negotiations to swing Tur-
key away from the British-French
security front if possible as
result of the new German Soviet
pact.
4. Hitler probably will delay
precipitate action until his speech
on Sunday at Tannenberg. near
the Polish frontier.
With Nazis circles openly talking
of their success in making it "im-
possible" for Britain or France to
Continued on Page 6; Col. p
Imperial Valley press., 1939-08-25

sedrly lnurSudy.
Mrs. Van Eman, the last person
to hear her husbands voice. quoted
him in a statement read at an
inquest Friday into Van Eman's
suicide.
She refused to testify at the in
quest but remained in seclusion in
her room in an Ell Centre hotel.
In her statement, taken by Depu-
ty Coroner Herbert Hughes, Mrs.
Van Eman repeatedly denied that
she heard the shot which ended
her estranged husbands life.
Didn't Hear Shot
She said again and again that
she placed the telephone back on
the hook Immediately after she
heard the physician command her
to Listen. She declared she did
not hear the shot Van Eman fired
into the ceiling of his office or the
one he sent crashing into his head.
Mrs. Van Eman was quoted as
saying she did not believe he would
carry out his threat as he had made
similar threats to her in the last
four or five years.
Her statement, testimony of the
physicians brother, Walter Van
Eman of Pasadena, DR.. F. w. Peter
son, autopsy surgeon, and Ell Cen
tro police officers, and three friends
of Van Eman, concluded the evi-
dence placed before the coroners
jury by Deputy District Attorney
r. 1. French and Hughes.
The jury found that the physi-
clan met death by a self inflicted
Continued on Page 6, Col. y
Imperial Valley press., 1939-08-25
Expert Arrives
To Aid Valley
In Hopper War
Largest Insect Invasion
In HistOry-RecOrd Set
In Poison Bait

While valley farmers con-
tinued their fight against one
of the largest summer grass
hopper invasions in history
by distributing a record
amount of poison bait, Stewart
Lockwood, entomologist from Ber-
kelley in charge of state grasshopper
control, started survey of the hop
per situation in Imperial county
Friday.
Llockwood's survey followed issu-
ance of a warning from Agricultural
Commissioner B. A. Harrigan TO val
ley farmers. that action must be
taken to wipe out the pest in order
that next springs infestation will
not cause tremendous losses TO al
falfa growers.
While damage this summer has
not been. great because thousands
of acres of alfalfa land has re-
NAMED idle, Harrigan pointed out
that failure to combat the pest now
would result in a record infestation
in the spring when alfalfa harvests
reach a peak.
Lockwood planned to complete his
survey Friday night.
Imperial Valley press., 1939-08-25
Germany Seeks
Copper in U.S..

NEW YORK. Aug. 25 up
German interests are seeking to
purchase substantial amounts OF
copper in the United States be-
cause Of the, ban by, the British
board of trade on shipments OF
the metal to the Reich. it was re-
ported today. '..l...t
No commitments have yet been
made, as far as can be learned.
Approximately 5000 tons of copper
destined for shipment from London
to Germany we're halted by the
British board of trade ban.
Imperial Valley press., 1939-08-25
Turks Firmly
Behind Britain

PARIS. Aug. 25 CUP)-An author
itative source said tonight that Tur-
key had informed France she
would stand firmly behind her al
legiance to the British-French Sc
curity front.
The position of Turkey is par
ticularly important because of her
dominance of the Dardanelles which
provide. the only gateway through
which Britain and France might
send big supplies to Poland in event
of an emergency.
Imperial Valley press., 1939-08-25
Associated Farmers Plan Campaign
To Inform Public Grapes ofwrath
Cannot Be Accepted as Fact

fore they came to California were
not in need" Bishop said, But
we do want to tell the people that
the farmers are not responsible for
that condition.
THE Associated Farmers don't
believe the cities, counties, and AM
erican Legion are acting the mon
sters as they are painted in the
book. -.
"We don't believe the farmers
should be blamed for this condition
when neither Steinbeck nor any
of his ilk have done as much for
these migrants as have the farmers. 3"
Other speakers at the executive
council meeting condemned Grapes
of Wrath" as -the most damnable
outrage ever perpetrated on Cali
fornia" and as a "fantastically un-
true picture of the states migrant
problem" They linked it with
Carey McWilliams Factory in The
Fields" which recommends collec-
tive farming.
Imperial Valley press., 1939-08-25

Warsaw protests were made as
Poland brought her army to full
strength and men and women were
digging air raid shelters and trench
es in parks and outskirts of cities
and towns.
President Ignace Moscicki mean
while, responding to the peace ap-
peal of King Leopold of Belgium,
declared that Poland believed "di-
rect negotiations on equal terms
the best guarantee of freedom.
The communique announcing the
protest said five frontier incidents
had occurred today as compared
with three yesterday.
The communique charged that;
/. A German bomber was sighted
over Gdynia.
2. At Szozy on the Polish-Ger-
man frontier a band of Germans
penetrated 400 meters into Poland,
fired on a Polish guard house ana
threw four hand grenades
8. In the town of ChwalaJcice
Imperial Valley press., 1939-08-25
Vet Will Recruit
u. s. Volunteers

PARIS, Aug 25. (UP) - Col.
Charles Sweeney, American World
War veteran, announced today that
he had completed arrangements to
recruit in American division Of vol
unteers from the United States to
fight with the French army If
war comes.
Sweeney is a World War veteran
of the Lafayette Escadrille and
also fought in the Moroccan war.
He was decorated many times for
Imperial Valley press., 1939-08-25
NAZ|S ATTACK ROOSEVELT PEACE plan
Today in Europe

BERLIN-Adolf Hitler speeds up campaign against
Poland anti-arcraft guns mounted all over Berlin;
redoubes charges of Polish plans to attack Ger
many reports eight Germans shot dead by Polish police
LONDON-Britain and Poland conclude mutual
aid pact; fears of showdown when Hitler speaks Sun
day at Tennenberg Mount rejection of Roosevelt
message expected.
DANZIG-Nazis report two Polish soldiers shot
dead after they crossed Danzg frontier
observation-disclosures of German Nazis flee;
British troops
Imperial Valley press., 1939-08-25
British Navy
Twice Nazis'
BY United Press

The combined strength of the
British and French navies would
at the outset of war be twice
that of Germany and Italy but this
advantage is limited by the far
flung protective distribution of the
''ceace front" fleets.
In terms of tonnage. Britain's
powers at sen today is about twice
that of the, axis powers-Germany
and Italy-combined.
There are, however, two qualifying
factors in that alignment: first,
the extent of impregnability OF
British naval bases at home to
close range aerial attacks by Ger
mn bombers; and the necessity
for wide distribution of British
ships to patrol the thousands of
miles of waterlanes that criss-cross
the British empire.