davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1939-04-09
AIbonions Prepare
For Guerrilla Warfare

T1RANA. Albania, April LP.-
The armed forces of Fascism i'm
posed Italian rule in Tirana tonight
as thousands of soldiers pushed fur
ther into Albania to crush remain
ing resistance and complete occu-
patton of the country.
Fierce Albanian warriors fled be-
fore the invaders, mechanical and
replete with the most modern equip
ment of war. to take positions in the
mountains for the guerrilla warfare
which is their speciality.
Italian Foreign Minister Count
Galeazzo Ciano came from Italy by
airplane and Immediately took up
headquarters in the Italian Legation
1t was widely reported that Pre-
mier Mussolini would follow his SON.
in-law tomorrow This could not
be confirmed here. but the Italians
were on edge in expectation that II
Duce would appear.
After Count Ciano arrived scores
of Italian planes landed at Tirana,
Evening star., 1939-04-09
Music
Continued From First Page.)

compositions by the great German
composer, the master of them all"
to their collections of symphonic
recordings.
The four previous offerings Of
The Stars program also will con-
tinue to be available at the booth.
These are Franz Schubert's Sym
phony No. in B Minor" tthe I'm
f1nishedD: Ludwig van Beethoven S
"Symphony No in C Minor: Wolf
gang Mozart's 'Symphony No. 40 in
G Minor" and Richard Wagner's
preludes to the great operas. Die
Meistersinger" and "Parsifal."
The six Bradenburg Concertos
written by Bach are considered
among the finest of this form of mu-
sical composition. In these, the
composer demonstrates his supreme
musicianship and deep under
standing.
The Bach family was of impor-
tance in the history of music for
nearly 200 years. Four generations
of it were known at the beginning
of the 18th century. and Johann
Sebastian Bach, who lived from
1885 to 1850. had some so musical
relatives in his family.
Throughout his life Bach worked
strenuously-so hard in fact that he
was stricken with blindness later
in life. When he died of apoplexy, in
1850. his loss was deplored as that
of one of the greatest organists
and clavier players of his time. OF
his compositions little was known
outside the circle of his family and
pupils. At his death his musical
works were divided among his sons,
and many of them have been ire
coverably lost.
AS the sixth week of the music
appreciation campaign came to a
close last night checkup dis
closed that more than $500 sets of
recordings of the Wagner preludes
were obtained by music lovers dur
ing the last six days.
The total number of record groups
distributed since the campaign was
launched is more than $4,000.
Evening star., 1939-04-09
Hull
Continued From First Page.)

'COIltIIlueu rIOIIl rllSl TdRc.l
provision for an embargo on ship
ment of war materials The act
was invoked in the Ethiopian
conflict.
Reports Bluff" to Be Called.
An informant said the reports
which have alarmed officials here
were to the effect that Germany
and Italy had decided definitely to
call as "a monumental bluff
Britain's pledge to protect the inde-
pendence of Poland.
The official, who declined to be
quoted directly, said this interpre-
tation was borne out by last week S
German and Italian military staff
conference.
Administration officials interpret
Britain's commitments as including
Danzig and the Polish Corridor.
Mr. Hull said the State Depart
ment had received numerous reports
and rumors from various points in
Europe as to the import of Italy's
action and that government views
but had heard nothing officially
from the Fascist regime.
The Secretary received Fli1ay a
formal protest against Italy's action
from Faik KonitZa, the Albanian
Minister here, but ltaly's Ambas-
sador has not asked ali appoint
ment.
A decision was deferred Oil tie
question of recognizing the new
status in Albania and also on
whether to continue the Ameri-
can Legation at Tirana or turn it
into a consulate, as was done in
Prague and Vienna after the Ger
man coups.
Americans in the Albanian cap
ital apparently are safe. A report
from Hugh G.. Grant. American
Minister. received after Italian
troops marched in, said about a
dozen Americans and four British
subjects had moved to the legation
to avoid any peril.
Evening star., 1939-04-09

bringing various Fascist personages.
including Gen. Guzzoni, head of the
expeditionary forces in Albania, who
came from Durazzo, ON the coast.
The former regent of Albania.
Zhaper Yapi, was on hand at the
airport with group of Albanians
to welcome Count Cianc lin the
name of the Albanian people
Ciano Heads Parade.
Italian troops in the capital lined
the streets and stood at attention
as an automobile parade headed by
Count Ciano passed by. The foreign
minister stopped at Tiranas city
hall to be greeted by some of the
officials there before proceeding to
the Italian Legation.
Count Ciano donated 100000 lire
(about IS 5000, to the poor of Tirana
shortly after installing himself at
the Italian Legation.
The vanguard of Bersaglieri-
feathers flying from their steel he'll
mets-arrived in Tirana on motor
cycles at $50 am. $3.50 am, E. S.
t.. under the command of Gen.
Muty.
United States Minister Hugh G.
Grant sheltered the American col
ony yesterday and last night in the
American Legation.
King Zog and his government left
yesterday and early last night mobs
ran through the streets, shooting
and looting.
1t was only late in the night that
gendarmes got the situation in hand
by going through the streets and
shooting at real OF supposed looters.
Tanks thundered through the
principal square and then came
Gen. Masse. commander Of the COL
umn which had thrust through from
DuraZzo.
A large part of the population
which remained in the capital well
coined the italians with cheers.
Though the Italian flag f1oated
over Tirana and order was rapidly
imposed on the apparently docile
people, observers believed fighting
would continue in the hills for some
time.
Evening star., 1939-04-09
Britain Pressing
Balkans 10 Join
'Stop-Hit|er' Bloc
Chamberlain Returning
To London Today to
Consult Cabinet
Nv the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
LONDON. April 8.-The British
government alarmed by the swift
italian invasion of Albania. is press
Ing to get Ruman:a quickly into a
European defensive alliance and
also hopes to conclude secret agree
ments with smaller Balkan states,
diplomatic informants said tonight.
Prime Minister Chamberlain
abandoned a vacation in Scotland
and will arrive in London tomorrow
for consultation with his ministers.
Ten members of the cabinet met
In emergency session with Mr..
Chamberlain participating by tele-
phone from Aberdeen, after which
statement was issued that the
Albanian situation was still OBJ
scure in regard to number OF i'm
portant factors"
Parliament Call Undecided.
This was taken to mean no de-
cision was reached to accede to
opposition demands for the recall
of Parliament. which is in Easter
-ecess until April 18. Mr.. Chamber
.ain may decide tomorrow.
1t was believed that Britain would
condemn the Italian invasion of
= Albania in strong diplomatic Ian
guage, but that other action would
be directed toward bringing the
Balkan countries into the British
French-Polish alliance against ag-
gression.
ct
Foreign Secretary Viscount Halifax,
but it was believed he received no
support for suggestion that Brit
ain intervene in the Italian-Alban-
Ian dispute.
Formal Alliance Proposed.
The proposed alliance with Ru-
mania would be formal Diplomatic
quarters said. however. that it was
planned to try for secret agreements
with the smaller Balkan powers
Yugoslavia. Turkey and Greece
said to be wary of offending Italy
and Germany by joining the anti
aggression bloc.
The French Ambassador, Charles
Corbin. called at the foreign Office
this afternoon to discuss with Lord
Halifax ways of eXpediting the Ru-
manian pact. The American AM
. bassador, Joseph P. Kennedy. also
called to inquire about Anglo
French intentions.
One informant said that the first
reaction by Mr. Chamberlain TO the
italian invasion was Save Ru-
mania"
Pressure on YugOSlavs Looms.
The foreign office also was keeping
we'll informed of the situation in
Yugoslavia. Bottled in the Adriat-
ic, flanked on the north by Ger
many and in the south by Italian
occupied Albania. and with Ger
man minority population, Yugo-
slavia was thought here to be in
line for pres ure from the Rome
Berlin axis.
British official quarters freely dis
cussed the possibility of quick
German coup without even the
knowledge of Italy. Germany, it Is
we'll known, would like to have an
outlet to the Adriatic. Italy. how
ever. official sources here said, has
no desire to have Germany occupy
territory which Fascists contend is
within the Italian sphere Of inter-
Evening star., 1939-04-09
Concertos Bach at His Best
Six Written for Young Noblemon
Splendid Monument to Name

works in this particular idiom and
form.
In the Brandenburg Concerto No
3. as often. Bach used part OF this
concerto (the first movement) in q
slightly different form for the Sin
fonia' or opening section OF one OF
his cantatas, showing that he con-
sidered it to be one Of his best
efforts-which indeed it is. both be-
cause of its rhythmic and melodic
inspiration, and of what was done
with it." Besides being melodically
vigorous, it is musical architecture
of the first rank.
For those more directly interested
in this latter aspect Of music, be it
said that the first movement con-
sists of developments of different
portions of the first theme: for ex-
ample, the motive of the very first
measure is used with new figure
in opposition; measures 4, 5 and
6 are contrapuntally treated. Ca
dences and half cadences introduce
the working out of motives as we'll
as new episodes. Later the different
voices alternate in double counter
point, and the movement ends with
a complete repetition of the chief
theme. In the original score there
is. instead of the usual adagio, just
one transitional measure "Adagio
A." consisting of two big chords.
Lnoup as "phrypian cadence The
finale has again a gay main theme,
which is started by the f1ddles in
close imitation. 1t is then developed
elaborately and followed by other
figures. which contend with the
chief theme until the very end. All
in all, it is a happy work, and shows
Bach las does the other concerto)
at the same time in a joyous mood
and at his instrumental best.
Evening star., 1939-04-09
Roosevelt
Continued From First Page.)

the way to his last vacation swim
in the Warm Springs Foundation
pool before leaving tomorrow for
Washington. the President said he
had talked by telephone with lln-
named officials in Europe and was
informed of the capture Of Albania S
capital. Tirana. by Italian forces and
other developments.
He said he also talked with Secre-
tary of State Hull and gave his full
approval to Hull's statement the
"forcible and violent invasion OF
Albania is unquestionably an addi-
tional threat to the peace of the
world"
Declining further formal COM
ment, he said the statement spoke
for itself.
Refers to Presidents Talk.
On the world trade angle, the
White House source carried reports
back to the time of the President S
secret meeting several months ago
with the Senate Military Committee
This was the meeting that touched
of violent debate on foreign affairs
in Congress and forced Mr. Roosevelt
eventually to deny he had told the
Senators Americas frontier is on
the Rhine.
What the President actually told
the group-and the invasion OF Al
bania again brings it into sharp
focus-the source said. was that the
continued political economic and
social independence of every small
nation does have an effect on the
safety and prosperity of the United
States.
AS each small independent nation
disappears. it was said, it weakens
American safety and prosperity
Going into detail in summing up
official reaction to the Albanian
seizure, the high official source de-
clared one result of successful
military aggression by any nation
or group of nations was the control
of commerce Of the nations taken
over.
If such military domination were
to keep expanding, it was said the
influence would be felt in trade all
over the world for the simple rea-
son the aggressor nations would be
expanding their barter system.
Face Three Alternatives.
Therefore, this source said, the
non-barter nations were faced with
three alternatives:
/. Erecting Chinese wall and
giving up all world trade by trying
to live within themselves.
2. Lowering their own standards
of living and trying to compete in
world markets by reducing wages
and increasing hours of work.
8. Subsidizing exports as a ma
tional policy.
The result of the first method
the President was said to feel
would be to reduce the national
income because the United States
and other nations in the non-barter
group would be unable to export any
Of their surplus goods.
There was no further comment
on the second method. but it was
indicated this was just as objec-
tionable as the first alternative.
AS for the third. it was said The
whole cost of subsidizing exports
would have to be borne by the Fed
eral Treasury. Once begun with
half a dozen products having a
strong group backing in Congress
the plan would log-roll to the point
where all American products would
have to be similarly aided.
Evening star., 1939-04-09
Speakers Announced

Representative Stephen Bolles of
Wisconsin and Arthur L. Schoen-
thai, vice president of the WASH
ington Building Trades Council Am
erican Federation of Labor, will
speak at 8 pm. Wednesday at an
open meeting of the Citizens Com
mittee for Fair Taxation at the
Friends Meeting House, 2111 Flor
ida avenue NV.
Evening star., 1939-04-09

BALKANS BREW NEW CROP OF TROUBLE-European states
night kept eyes potential trouble spots
Italy continued occupation of Albania Topping weekend
speculation Bulgaria French experts
represented worried the possibility the Italian move
through the Sofia to make
The City OF Danzg remained as NO.
danger spot newspapers continued to fire blasts at
negotiating alliance with Britain Map locates
the high the days developments and indicates now the
Italian urthers the reported pincher
the RomeBerlin axis apply against the Balkan
countries. A. P. Wirephoto.
Evening star., 1939-04-09
Rome
Continued From First Page.

deeper into the Balkans and espe-
cially stressed her friendship for
Yugoslavia, Albania S northern neigh
Dor.
MuSSolini it was announced, sent
special message to the Yugoslav
government. delivered through the
Italian minister at Belgrade. eX-
pressing the appreciation of the
Fascist government for the attitude
of Yusoslavia in the present crisis
of the Albanian situation" From
the start. the Yugoslav government
has held to strict handsoff policy
in the Adriatic crisis.
The Yugoslav legation in Rome
issued statement saying the
Yugoslav government is in continual
contact with the Italian govern
ment." and that "the Italian gov
ernment is ready to assure Yugoslav
interests" The statement added:
The desire of Yugoslavia is to see
the conflict ended as soon as possi-
BILE. All Yugoslav views are based
on the Yugoslav-1talian accords
and Yugoslavia has not thought of
receding from these accords.''
Other sections of the Fascist press
reiterated charges that Zog was
plotting an aggressive action against
Yugoslavia and limited that France
had a hand in it. This. the news
papers said. compelled Italy to step
in for defense of peace and order
in the Balkans"
Although extra editions of Italian
newspapers proclaimed "Tirana oc-
cup!edl" in their boldest type, the
news was received here without eX-
element
In Tirana however, Italian COM
muniques said the populace rejoiced
at the arrival of the dusty Italian
columns as deliverers from Zog's
rule
Looting of Palace Reported.
They said looting and disorders
broke out in the capital after zog's
departure and that during Friday
night the royal palace and the pal
ace of one of King Zog's sisters were
robbed of important loot
Order was said to have been re-
stored. however. with a small group
of Italian military officers and Al
banian gendarmes in control and a
provisional government in process
Of organization.
Reliable Fascist circles said Italy
probably would put Albania under
an italian governor although per-
haps permitting Albsnians a meas
ure of local autonomy within the
Fascist framework.
Hundreds of Italian refugees
reached Italy at Brindisi, an Adri-
at4c port. aboard airplanes and war
ships ferrylng them from Albania.
They said pro-Italian counter
revolution" had been launched
against Zog in Northwestern Albania
and predicted that Prince John of
Merdita. tribal chieftain in that
region. probably would be installed
as puppet head of new Albanian
regime if Italy did not name an Ital-
ian governor.
Italians in Elbasan.
Official Italian advices from Ti-
rama late last night said Italian
troops had occupied Elbasan. the
mountain town Is miles south of
the capital in which King Zog and
his government had spent Friday
night before fleeing to Greece.
The dispatches said the population
rose "as one man. to greet the
Italians.
Other dispatches said that Al
panian soldiers who first had retreat
ed into the mountains as the Italians
approached now were returning to
Tirana and offering their services to
1to1v
Evening star., 1939-04-09
U. 5. Envoy 10 Albania
Witnessing Invasion
BY the Associated Press

BY the Associated Press
Hugh Gladway Grant. 51-yeaf ~old
slight partly bald Alabaman. is re-
ceiving his diplomatic baptism - OF
fire as American Minister to in
vaded Albania.
Mr.. Grant was at his post in IT.
rama, the State Department was no
tilted, when italian troops occu-
pied the Albanian capital early
yesterday. A dozen American Cit
zens and four British subjects took
refuge at the legation. he reported
The Americans presumably in
cluded Mrs. Grant, but a 17-year-
Evening star., 1939-04-09
King zog and Queen
Reunited in Greece
After Two Flights
Fleeing Albanian Rulers
Leave Border Village
For 9oIoniku Today
BY the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
FLORINA, Greece, April Beau.
tiful 23-year-old Geraldine-Wlfe,
Queen and mother in less than a
year-and her husband, King Zog,
were united here tonight after sep-
arates flights from their Italian
occupied Albanian capital.
The Hungarian-Ameri Geral-
dine had made her way to tiny
inn at this Greek mountain village
with her 3-day-old son. Crown
Prince Skander, by Albanian Red
Cross ambulance.
The journey over rough, danger
Gus, mountainous roads took IA
hours and she was preparing YEARLY
to go on when zog appeared, having
followed few hours later. after his
monarchy started to topple yes
terday
Will Go on to SaIOnika.
The Albanian Premier Koco Kotta,
who accompanied Zog, said the royal
family and their suite would leave
tomorrow for Salonika. to which two
of the Kings sisters previously
had gone.
1t was reported that Zog had de-
clded to stay in Greece until the
Queen recovered her strength fully
and then take up residence some
where abroad.
From Salonika they expected 10
60 to the summer resort. Portarla.
near Volos. The Queen Withstood
the ordeal well, although she was
greatly upset. Her Austrian pllvsI-
clan said she was strong enough TO
travel, but would be unable TO walk
for several weeks.
The Queen and her child reached
Florina. 10 miles across the Albanian
border, last night.
Where finally the Queen. daughter
OF Hungarian count and the for
mer Gladys Virginia Stewart Of Ner'
York, and her husband would reside
was uncertain.
Urged People to Resist.
Zog had urged his people by proc
lamation to defend Albania Ito tho
last drop of their blood. but there
was no further indication he would
risist the Italian occupation.
A Mohammedan. son of A ruling
tribal family who fought his way 10
the kingship Zog. 43. was married
to Geraldine, the Countess Apponyl,
last April 81.
Until she went to Tirana 10 share
the royal palace with Zog. she had
worked as an Office girl in the Hun
garian National Museum in Buda-
pest. Hungarian authorities were
concerned tonight over the posi-
billty she might return to Hungary,
where she was born. The question
was raised whether giving her
asylum there would offend Italy,
political ally of Hungary.
In her own story of the fight from
Tirana. Queen Geraldine told the
Star, London evening newspaper,
that she hoped world public opinion
is shocked into action by this in
yaslon against my tragic little Coun-
try The story was dictated to her
( grandmother, Madame d'Estrale
d'Ekna. who repeated it by tele-
phone to London.
Geraldine said she left her hus-
I band leading his troops-his poor,
insignificant little army-into bat
tie" but what could Albania Go
against such armed might? :"
The grandmother added that tn"
Queen did not want to leave: she
pleaded with her husband to stay.
but he was adamant,' he ordered
her to go.
Evening star., 1939-04-09
raZZo, Albania.

old daughter. Louise, was believed to
be in school in Paris.
Mr.. Grant, a former newspaper
man. Army offlcer and teacher, at
one time was secretary to Senator
Black of Alabama-now q Supreme
Court justice After two years serv-
ice in the State Department he was
made Minister to Albania in 1885.
Born in Birmingham. Ala. in 1888,
Mr.. Grant holds degrees from How
ard College. Harvard and George
Washington. His parents, Mr.. and
Mrs. w. C. Grant, live at Peters,
burg, Va.
Evening star., 1939-04-09

>lThis is the fifth OF a series OF
articles by Dr.. Hans Kinder, con-
ductor OF the National Symphony
Orchestra, on the 10 MASTERPIECES
included in recordings being n,ade
available by The Star in ITS
Music Appreciation Campaign.
The Phoenix index., 1939-11-18

from one pay da yto the other and
get in an awful jam each month
before pay day. What is the trou-
BILE?
Ans: A man, with family and
with the income that you receive,
has no business with a CAR. 1t is
very expensive to operate a car and
drive it fifteen miles a day and it is
indicated to me that you will be
forced to sell. the car or get a job
making more money.
S. o. TT was framed up in
some trouble and I want to know
if 1 can get out of it or not?
Ans: Not very easily. for there
is so much evidence against you.
Continue TO try to prove your in
nocence and in time you will be
freed from this trouble. In the fu-
ture, you should choose your conn.,
parry little more carefully and
you won't be the victim of some.
one else's wrong doing.
j. P.--I am waiting no longer to
write you. Where 1 live here in this
city don't seem to be getting very
far ahead. Now am planning on
making a change and wonder If 1t
would be the best thing for me?
Ans: The change you are con-
templating would be to your ad-
vantage as your wife's people will
help you two to get work and will
be happy to do so. Neither of YOU
are satisfied where you are now
The Phoenix index., 1939-11-18

lished at the close of the present
year. and then apply to the office
nearest their home for blanks and
general information concerning
employment. The opening of each
local office will be announced in
the newspapers.
The selection Of District Super
visors to direct the work of the
$50 district offices is now under
way. Applications for positions OF
this type, and for administrative
positions in the washington
Office, should be addressed to the
Director of the Census, Washing
ington. D. C. Only those who are
exceptionally we'll prepared for the
work to be done will be accepted
for appointment.
Men and women will be eligible
for Census work on equal terms,
Mr.. Miles said. War veterans OF
their widows will be given special
preference when equally we'll
qualified with others.