davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
La opinión., 1939-09-09

ZURICH, Alemania, Sept. de 1899
La primera idea de abrir un ca
nal entire ell Mediterraneo y ell Mar
1900. Pero los tiempos nc estaban
maduros para clio. Tenian que pa
sar todayia tres siglos y medic.
Fue Ell 1920 cuando el bolones Gae-
tano Ghidini demostro infundada la
tradicion de un desnivel entire los
dos mares. Otro italiano, Luigi de
Negrelli, reparo POGO despues (1S47)
en- lineas generates I'm proyecto que,
perfeccionado, logro prevalecer Ell
1856 sobre otros tres que Sc pre-
s~entaron al examen de Ia Comision
International .Asf, pues, csc pro-
veto fue ell que Sc siguio en- los
trabajos. Por 10 tanto ell Canal de
Suez es una conception plenamen-
tie italiana y Sc puso en- practica
tambien de modo preponderante. 81
no exclusive por otros i~talianos. los
cuales propagaron su utilidad (Luf-
81 Torelli y Baruff), apoyaron la
conception tecnica (Paleocapa) y
prestaron su contribution al ira
| bajo eduardo Gioja). Incluso las
obras Sc hicieron con gran numero
de obreros que llegaban ~incesante-
mente del Piamonte, de Toscana.
del Adriatico Y de Calabria. Fer
nando de Uesseps, ell tan decanta-
| do Lesseps, tuvo naturalmente una
1 no nh an,crjnro ON 10 pon1iznc iAn do
la obra. pero no era un tecnico. No
fue mas u un genial 'brasseur
de'afafires" quo supo valerse ha-
bilmente de su amistad con ell vi
rrey Said y triunfo de la hostilidad
britannica fernando en- su ventaja
personal la empresa.
NAcIMIENTo. DE LA coMPAhIA
DEL CANAL
Constituyose. pues, la "Companfa
Universal del Canal de Suez". a la
cual confiaba ell virrey Said la cons
truccion y la administration de la
obra durante 90 amos a partir de
la i Inauguration OS69). Hagamos
constar que la primera acta de con-
cesion estipulaba Que la compania
deberia estar constitufda por Ca
pitalistas de toutes les nations. y
la segunda Y definitiva (5 define
no de 1850 declaraba expresamen-
tie en- ell preambulo que debia scr
universal y Ell estatuto encomenda-
ba la administration a un consejo
de 81 miembros Representatives de
los principles pafses ~interesados
en- la empresa'. Por circunstancias
La opinión., 1939-09-09

CuANDo LEE I'D. ala OPINION"
SABE QUE LEE UN FERiODlCO
INDEPENDENTS Y HONRADO.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1939-10-26
RECOMMENDS MILLS PAY
S59,122 IN OVERTIME WAGES

New Orleans 0LNS).-A recon-
mendation that the Lane Cotton Mills
be ordered to pay to the Secretary of
Labor the sum of $59,l22.5O said to
be due in overtime wages to its en-
ployes has been made in the report
of Julian l.. Johnson, examiner of the
division of public accounts who in
vestigated the charges first brought
by the workers in December, 1887.
Johnson additionally recommends
that the mills be ordered to pay back
to the United States the sum of S21,-
43O in liquidated damages for the en-
ployment Of those under-age employees
found to be employed by them. The
case first came to light when it was
charged the mills were violating the
Walsh-Healey Act which provides that
workers engaged in filling government
contracts must be paid time and a
half for any work in excess of 40
hours week. According to the figures
in the office of the Amalgamated
Clothing Workers of America here
more than 1000 employees would share
in the sum if it is demanded by the
Department of Labor. The amounts
due the various employees range from
six cents to $279.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1939-10-26
ILO EFFECTIVE PEACE FORCE

WHAT is the most effective instrument for
w world peace?
The international Labor Organization is the
answer given by the Executive Council of the
American Federation of Labor
Endorsing the continued support given by the
United States Government to the LILO and ex-
pressing the hope that lasting peace will soon
arrive, the council told the Cincinnati A. F. of L..
Until that time, however, we should do all in
our power to encourage our government to con-
tinue it's support and to cooperate as closely as
possible with the International Labor Organiza-
ton as the most effective instrument for peace in
the world today"
John G.. Winant director of the International
Labor Office, reports that the office at Geneva is
functoning at normal, despite the war. This means
that it is continuing it's efforts for improvement
of labor and economic conditions in all nations.
Such Improvement, by removing important causes
of distrust and antagonsm between nations, is the
basis of stable peace throughout the world. Or
ganized labor is fully aware of this fact hence its
stout support of the LILO and it's work.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1939-10-26
LABOR MUST PRESS ON

GROWING opposition to the labor movement and
~ other reactionary tendencies call for ntensifi-
cation of union organization efforts the American
Federation of Labor Executive Council pointed out
in it's report to the Cincinnati convention.
"The increase in union growth during the past
year has been accompanied by increased hostility
to the labor movement. Results. obvious in
repressive labor laws in states and dismember-
ment of state departments of labor and in the fail
ure of Congress to enact needed labor legislation,
the council said.
The council emphasized that the remedy for
the situation to which it referred lies in greater
organization of the workers. eve must dedicate
our increased economic strength to the advance
ment of the welfare of the workers and mobilize
our strength and resources to secure recognition
of our rights and advancements of our interests
it declared.
In brief, the council emphasized the truth that
there is no substitute for union organization,
which is the basis of the strength and continued
growth of the American Federation of Labor.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1939-10-26
JOINT EFFORT IS NECESSARY
Nv Matthew WOll

A survey Of prices, wage COSTS production and
profits shows that business firms as a general
thing do rot determine prices with any view to
the welfare of society as a whole, or even their
own ultimate welfare. The close combination be-
tween many industrial firms enables them to fix
their prices. Monopoly and price controls offer
a problem which must be worked out before our
industrial system can start forward another
80 years Of progress.
1t is possible when production and efficiency
increase to raise wages and reduce prices. We
shall not have an expanding economy and re-
not raise the living standards in America by pay
ing to stockholders and officials the increased
value produced by workers in machine age. We
shall not prosper a nation by raising prices be-
yond the powers Of most of our citizens to buy.
The problems Of price control as we'll as all our
other pressing economic problems, must be solved
by Joint effort in which labor shall fully share.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1939-10-26
THE HAIRCUT YARDSTICK

ITO strip away the veneer and camouhage Of
governmental bookkeeping is the first stop in
achieving genuine economy-that's the opinion of
Mayor H. w. Baals of Fort Wayne Indiana
He makes the various municipal costs so plain
that the average citizen can compare them with
haircut a loaf of bread or a pack of cigarettes.
In addressing the annual conference of the
National Consumers Tax Commission in New
York, the Hoosier mayor said.
"In Fort Wayne we show that the individual
who has home assessed at $4,000 will pay AZ
cents month for police protection, or the price
of meal; for fire protection 4S cents, less than
the price of a haircut-in Fort Wayne; garbage
collections cents, less than a Sunday paper;
street cleaning 13 cents, less than gallon of gas
street repair, cents, the price of pound loaf of
Bread for parks and recreation 81 cents, the price
of a pound of steak; health department 5 cents,
the price of soft drink; payment on debt Is
cents, the price of pack of cigarettes other city
activities, including pensions and schools 27 cents,
less than movie ticket
The total is $1.96 a month for all the civil
services in Mayor Baals' city. How many other
municipalities can such yardsticks so favor
ably? g. aags
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1939-10-26
YOUTH AT THE WHEEL
(From the Washington Post)

\TIOll TIE w dSillnSCOn 1OSC)
IL is matter of common knowledge that the
public highway runs close second to the battle
ields in the matter of casualties. Anything that
essens the carnage is worth while. And the
course in safe driving to be introduced in Mary
and's high schools should be effective in that di-
'ecton.
The course will have the approval of all high
school students. 1t will also have the whole
hearted approval of the sales departments of au-
,omobile companies. For ability to drive a car
is naturally followed by desire to have a car to
drive.
And if it be conceded that it is the duty of
the state to prepare it's children for citizenship,
and further) if there should be agreement on
how far a state should go in this direction then
approval will be general.
In any case the experiment will be watched
with interest the country over. For dead citizens
have no rights, privileges. Citizens have to be
kept alive. And one way to keep them alive is to
have none but safe drivers on the highways.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1939-10-26
PROFITEERING DENOUNCED

Chicago, Ill.-Leaders of the Natl
onal Association of Manufacturers de-
nounced profteering before recent
regional meeting of more than 500
members of the Association and said
that industry wants peace "of all
forms" in its own ranks and between
nations. Howard Coonley, New York,
President, said "this is not time for
profiteering nor for the pursuit of sell
fish political detectives. American in
dustry wants peace, and that must be
the national objective. Industry's OBJ
legations are to oppose American par
ticipation in war and devote itself, as
never before, to the crusade of retain
ing and maintaining in America the
private enterprise system"
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1939-10-26
WASTE THROUGH UNEMPLO OYMENT

IFIOm The american FedeTatlOnlSt)
THE report of the National Resources Commit
tee estimates losses in national income due to
the depression at 2000O0,000,000. While this
money loss is staggering the more permanent loss
due to the damage done to human beings will
handicap now and in future generations. The
human loss from denying persons constructive
place in our economic and social structure leaves
indelbe marks on these persons. Undoubtedly
the most important problem pressing upon us for
study is use of all our resOurces-human and ma
teria-tO advance the well being of our nation. To
solve this problem without losing our freedom in
quota restrictions and bureaucratic controls and
Legislative regulations is difficult but not impos-
sibe task. 1t is task that must be dealt with if
we would preserve our democracy. All around us
we see the issues sharply drawn shortening the
time in which the question must be answered.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1939-10-26
COMMENT ON WORLD
EVENTS

The members of the former free
German trade unions now living in
Great Britain have issued a statement
reaffrming their determination to
cooperate energetically in the strug-
gle for the destruction of National
Socialism.
The best and most active fighters
for the maintenance of German de-
mocracy (says the declaration) be-
longed, in pre-Hitler Germany, to
the free trade unions. Tens of thous-
ands of them had to suffer for their
convictions. They were killed or put
in the concentration camps and per-
secuted by the terror of the Third
Reich.
Despite this, the old fighters re-
manned loyal to their ideals. Since
1888 the illegal groups have carried
on, and are still carrying on, through
their underground movement the fight
against National Socialism. In close
association with those comrades who
were forced into exile, these groups
maintain their struggle, their function
being the reconstruction of a free
Germany.
X x X
"This war has been wantonly un-
leashed by National Socialism," says
the declaration, which goes on to say:
"It is not. struggle on one people
against another, but struggle of po-
litical conviction against opportunism
for humanity against inhumanity; for
justice against the crime against the
world; for liberty against slavery.
"We, the fighters for a free Ger
many, are fighting for civilization and
the preservation of democracy; the
dignity of man, the rights Of man and
liberty; the liberation of the world
from the menace of National So
cialism. ..
"The fighters for the liberty of Ger
many are prepared to stand shoulder
to shoulder with all fighters for lib
erty.
Coward to free Europe, to free
Germanyw
"Hitler's downfall will bring peace
to the world!"
X x X
Against the background of the ter
ror which both Communists and Nazis
are scattering thruout Poland, Hun
gary's kindness to the refugees pour
ing across her frontier comes like a
breath of good, clean air.
Near where the Polish-Slovak- Hun
garian boundaries meet is the famed
Uzsok Pass thru the Carpathians.
Thru this lofty mountain gap for ages
Poles and Hungarians have gone to
each others aid in time of trial. So
now, in Poland's bitterest hour, the
Hungarians remain true to tradition.
They have not forgotten.
Thus as the long lines of hungry,
beaten and hopeless soldiers and
civilians stagger across the border,
they are finding haven in the land
of their friends of old.
A good deed never shines SO lus-
trously as in time like these, when
mans inhumanity to man is SO glar-
ingly exemplified.
Bravo, Hungary!
Washington Daily News.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1939-10-26
PROGRESSIVE STEP URGED

i ME tcdeIal Government would make progress
toward becoming model employer if it would
establish the five day and 35-hour week for Fed
eral employees and pay them minimum of $35 a
week, President William Green of the American
Federation of Labor said at a dinner of Federal
employees in Cincinnati.
There seems to be no good reason why the
shorter work week and higher pay should not be
nauGurated in the Federal service, with good re-
suits both for the workers and the Government.
With the tiVe-day week in effect, Uncle Sam
would be justified in expecting more from his en-
poyes and undoubtedly he would get it. If he
didn't, he could soon obtain greater efficiency by
raising Government pay SO as TO attract a larger
proportion Of efficient workers to Federal service
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1939-10-26
SAFETY CONGRESS MEETS

Atlantic City, N. J.-Secretary of
Labor Perkins opened the 25th Natl
onal Safety Congress with the advice
that future generations "work safely,
play safely, live securely" The Fed
eral Government, Miss Perkins said,
has entered the organized safety
movement with the establishment of
preliminary Federal Inter-Depart-
mental Safety Council" Pointing out
that there is some organized safety
regulation in many Of our industrial
plants she said nevertheless 92 per
cent of workers in mining, mechanical,
and manufacturing industries are en-
ployed by small plants, which are mot
we'll sold on effective safety pro-
grams"
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1939-10-26
WAR AND PROFITS

EAR SIGHTED business concerns realize that
after war comes deflation and cuts or eimina-
tion Of profits One of the worlds largest copper
companies, kennecott, acknowledges that alma-
ment production in Europe resulted in heavier
copper demand last year. But it points out the
other side Of the picture, which business and in
deed every element of the population, would do
well to keep in mind
"A higher standard Of living which would
gradually come about through an assured peace
would clio more to increase consumption of copper
than any temporary demand created by majol
conflict with its inevitably disastrous conse-
quences. the company commented in letter tc
stockholders.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1939-10-26
HOROSCOPES

UrOm The Chicago Daily NeWS)
n ED MARS rode across the August heavens ev-
cry night, escort to pale Diana, as Hitler is
said to have communed with his astroogers on his
Berchtesgaden hill.
He needed no more moonbeams to make him
mad. His star was already found. 1t, too, was a
red starthe five-ponted star of the Sovets.
Napoleon saw star in the Russian skies. None
of his staff could make it out when he pointed up
ward in the dark on the banks of the Niemen.
The safe rule with Russian stars would seem
to be to read them red lights at the crossroads
'lle must have a long spoon, that shall eat
with the devil"
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1939-10-26
HOW TO BE UP TO DATE

I'IiE press Is most powerful weapon in the
hands Of those who know how to use it and
keep it bright Every working man should make
it his duty to subscribe for his local labor paper
the one written in the special interest of union la
Dor and for local information about the doing OF
labor in his own city Furthermore union mem
bers should be'informed on all topics, which con.
cern the interests of the tolers.
The labor movement has far higher questions
to solve than those which are presented to oul
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1939-10-26
SIGNS UNION CONTRACT

Sioux Falls, S. D.-Bakery Workers
Local Union No. 500 has successfully
negotiated a union agreement with the
Manchester Biscuit Company, of this
city, according to statement by the
Bakery and Confectionery Workers
International Union of America. A
regulated scale of wages and hours
are included among considerable i'm
provements of working conditions for
union members.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1939-10-26
WHAT NEXT?

Some gun stocks are now be-
ing made of nodded plastics in
stead of the traditional walnut. SO
far, the plastic stocks have only
been used on shotguns but it is
expected they will soon be made
for rifles. There is d report that
Germany has already equipped
some of her military rifles with
plastic stocks.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1939-10-26
OVEROPTIMISM ON WAR ORDER
DANGEROUS, HOPKINS SAYS

Washington, D. G. 0LNS).-Secre-
tary Of Commerce Harry l.. Hopkins
has issued warning that everop-
timism of business men regarding
European war orders has endangered
the nations chances for sane, stable
business improvement.
Pointing out in statement that the
development of European orders dur
ing the World War was slow, he said
that nothing in the present outlook
Justifies an assumption that pur-
chases will be equal to or greater than
those placed in 1914-1S.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1939-10-26
WPA EMPLOYMENT RISES

Washington, D. C. 1LNS).-The
WPA announced that it was employ
ing 1,S73,91S persons as Of October
II. This was al increase of 40,062
over the previous week.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1939-10-26
DICTATORSHiPS FEAR OWN PEOPLE

(From the Electrical Workers JournaD
DEOPLE never grow unconscious Of loss of
liberty. There is plenty Of evidence that there
Is great rcStleSSness in Germany and Russia. The
frequent blood purgcs Of Stain and Hitler are ac-
curate indication that these deSpotS are fearful of
an uprising of the people.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1939-10-26
Truths Pondered While
Riding At Anchor
MIR. MODESTUS
. WHY FIGHT?
. FOUR FIGHTS-163 YEARS
= EVERYBODY LOSES IN WAR
. WHAT COULD WE SAVE

II y WHAT COULD WE SAVE
Why fight?
Why take sides in this war?
We have done some fighting
In 1776, in 1872, in 1898, and in
1917
Not counting the Indian Wars or
our Civil War
That makes four real wars, in 163
years
Or one war in about every 40
years
We could have kept out of every
one of them
By going along instead of starting
war over some tea taxes
We would just be another great
Dominion in the British Empire
Probably dominating the Empire to
great extent
George Washington might have
been Governor General.
X x x
We'd better face the question
By keeping out of the European
wars in 1872
We should have strengthened the
Empire
Keeping men like Andrew Jackson
for better purposes
In 1898 we fought the "sugar war"
starting in Cuba
Winding up straddled over the four
corners of the earth
Taking on the Philippines, which
we don't want, anyhow
And the Rough Riders could have
stayed with their cow-herding.
x X x
Nothing gained by lodging the
By keeping out of the First World
War
We should have avoided this long
detour-
Which Germany was compelled to
take
On her way to domination of Welt
Macht-
Probably changing also the course
of Russian Bolshevism-
Keeping those $11 billion dollars
which we wasted co.
By loaning to our supposed friends
Besides saving our own World War
expenses
And all the grief which came out
of the League of Nations.
x X x
All of that would have changed
greatly
Our approach to the Great Depress-
ion, World-War aftermath
With larger resources, absence of
war-debts--
This nation would have properly
dominated world-commerce--
Reaping the harvest of peaceful
trade
Facing Europe more peaceful, and
unified
With no entangling alliances
Or international commitments
X X X
Pacifst logic is just as good as it
ever was
Depending on no conditions of time
or circumstance
Answering only the single ques-
ton:
Why should we fight?
X X X
Luxembourg has not fought
Neither has Switzerland fought, not
for centuries
Must we fight, just because we are
big?
Does that give us obligations to po-
lice the world?
If so, where is our authority?
Scandinavia has kept out of war
Selling supplies to all the fighters
Why cannot we do the same as the
Swedes?
X X X
Everybody loses in war
1t is supposed that the winner al
ways saves something
What would we save, by getting
into war
With Hitler, or Stain, or both of
them?
Is England worth saving, or
France?
We know what they did at Munich
would we save our Sel1-reSpecC, or
something like that?
But suppose, by one Of the tlukes
of battle
We should lose
Bolsheviks and Nazis, together
Total up quite big set Of op-
ponents--
Besides, we are not ready
We have been busy making Profits.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1939-10-26
WISDOM
...s..**.*+t.:-:*..*.*.*..**

A canal that connects two seas,
a picture by POussin, a discovered
truth are things thousand times
more precious than all the annals
of the court, than all the mar
ratives of war.-VOltaire.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1939-10-26

views in the daily controlled press by anti-union
interests To be up-to-date and to become enabled
to understand his position as working man he
should read papers written for his interest
Bakers Journal
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1939-10-26

Men are funny creatures. They
give up peace for war to insure peace.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1939-10-26

Is Russians helping the Germans or
taking advantage of them?
The Wrangell sentinel. (Wrangell, Alaska) 1909-current, 1939-01-06
ELLAMAR MAN SHOOTS
HIMSELF ACCIDENTALLY

CORDOVA = George Paulsen, of
Ellamar, who has been visiting in
Cordova. accidentally shot himself
while picking up his gun early Sun
day morning and now lies in the
Cordova General hospital in a very
critical condition as a result of the
gunshot wound.
He bent over to pick up the gun
and in some manner the gun was dis
charged while its muzzle was point
ing at his chest The 1920 bullet
entered the upper part of the chest
through the upper part of the heart
and tore out through the side, leay-
ig a large gaping wound.
He was taken to the hospital
about three o'clock, Immediately
following the accident, and the
wound was dressed by DR.. J. e.
Young.
His recovery is doubtful.