davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Waterbury Democrat., 1939-04-06

mission, be retired by said con- mission upon not less than one- half of his previous compensa- tion per annum; provided no such member retired under the pro- visions of this section shall re- ceive less than one thousand { ol- lars per annum, payable in sub- stantially equal monthly install ments, irrespective of whether he was retired prior to the passage of this act or subsequent thereto.
 b. Each pension granted under this section shall be for the nat ural life of the pensioner, and shall not be revoked, repealed or diminished provided no member having a right to retire on pen sion at the time this act shall take effect shall be deprived of such right by reason of his remaining an employe of the city or town.
 c. Upon the death of any en- ploye of the city or town, except the teaching department of the department of education, who shall have served continuously as an employe of the city or town for at least thirty years, the widow of such employe shall receive, until her death or remarriage, out of the General Fund of the city, monthly sum equa1 to one-half of the compensation received by such employe at the time of his death, if in active service, or a monthly sum equal to one-half of the pen sion received by such employe at the time of his death, if retired.
 Effective March l, 1889
 The provisions of this section shall take effect as of March 1, 1889.
 Any sections of the charter in conflict with this section are here by amended or repealed.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1939-09-29
EXCELLENT QUALITY

Gen. Sibley has shown a great
deal of good sense in availing
himself of the excellent quality of
Drawn and muscle .iIIcn mas Deen
placed at his disposal in the per-
sons of the numerous refugees
from slavery who have thronged
into the lines of the Union Army.
Between 8 or 4 hundred of these
contrabands sent upon his requisi-
ton from st. Louis have already
arrived and more are coming
to serve as transfers, cooks, ETC.,
for the little army of the N. w.
. We happen to know from
personal observation that in agri-
cultural occupations, as indeed in
many others, hired Negro labor is,
on the whole, more efficient q.
than the class of white labor which
is usually available for such pur-
poses. =.
The Negro contrabands who have
recently arrived here, furnished an
other proof of their superiority
over their Kilkenny prosecutors by
the favorable contrast of their
quiet, civil and inoffensive manners
with the brutal insolence of the
savages who assaulted them with in
suits and even bodily violence.-St.
Paul Daily Press, May 16, 1863.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1939-09-29
FRED DOUGLAS

The next lecture before the Athe-
naeum association will be delivered
by Fred Douglas, on Saturday eve
ming, the 18th, at Pence Opera
House. This is the second visit to
this place of this celebrated repre-
sentative of the colored race and
we presume there is no doubt but
what there will be a greater cur
iosity than ever to see and hear
him since the right of suffrage has
been extended to his brethren in
this state Mpls. Tribune, March
2, 1869.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1939-09-29

with the family or Christian name
of Bonga. One of them married an
Indian woman and a son was born
to them. This son became fur
trader and was a frequent visitor
to the region around St. Anthony
Falls. This Bonga the fur trader
became the hero in 1886 in the
pursuit and capture of the MUIR
derer of Alfred Aitkin, son of VIM.
Aitkin, a prominent fur trader at
Cass Lake. The trial and convic-
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1939-09-29

The house has passed a bill to
continue the Freedmen's Bureau
another year. The Bureau may be
necessary to protect the blacks, but
still, it seems that they ought by
this time, with the assistance of the
military, to be able to take care of
themselves. - Tribune, March 81,
1868.
There are ten Baptist churches
in Minnesota, three composed of
Swedes, three composed of Danes,
three of Germans and one of Afri-
cans.-Mpls. Tribune, Nov. Is, 1868.
The Steamer Davenport brought
up from ST. Louis last night 218
more contrabands, 100 of whom
were women and children. They
are in charge of Chaplain ]. B.
White and were guarded by Com
pany c, 37th Iowa.
"The go Irish swarmed on the
boat as she lay at the levee and
endeavored to brighten the Negroes
with harum scarum stories of the
treatment they were about to re-
ceived, cursed them for not staying
south, etc. :" We conversed with
several of the contrabands and
found all contented and happy.
They said they liked to work for
Uncle Sam, that he was the best
master they ever had and that they
were willing to go wherever they
could help him. Most of them had
been slaves in Missouri, though a
few were free.-St. Paul Daily
Press, May Is, 1868.
A petition is being circulated
about the streets praying the legis-
lature to pass an act submitting
to the people an amendment to the
constitution prohibiting the immi-
grafton of Negroes into the State.
st. Paul Daily Press, Feb. 8,
1863.
DRIED SCOTT
The first Negro of prominence
in Minnesota was bred Scott
around which the famous Supreme
Court decision conferred. He lived
in Minneapolis in 1886 for a short
time.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1939-09-29
TO TEACH FREEDOM

1t is a pleasure to be able to
state, that many of the towns and
cities of Minnesota are still
ready to respond nobly to the
calls of patriotism and humanity by
aiding in the education and eleva-
ton of the colored race.
The City of st. Anthony has Sc
lected Miss Elizabeth Stoneman
(white), a teacher in the public
schools, to go south as a teacher
of the freedmen.-Mpls. Tribune,
June 10, 1869.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1939-09-29
BAPTISM

Five colored females, converts in
Rev. Hedgeman's colored church,
st. Anthony, were immersed in the
pond below the mills opposite the
paper mill in st. Anthony on Sun
day afternoon. Those whites who
were present making light OF the
proceedings should have been ar
rested and dealt with according to
the law.-Mpls. Tribune, May 10,
1870.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1939-09-29


ton of the culprit in this Staying
marked the first criminal action
for crime in Minnesota. The
story of Bonga's daring exploits
is related by Merle Potter in his
collection of "1O1 Best Stories of
Minnesota"
Bonga has been described by a
contemporary as:
"A thorough gentleman in both
feeling and department and the
blacklist man ever seen. He was
large in frame and in heart, intelli-
gent, and an agreeable talker."
Bonga was born in the vicinity
of Duluth of Negro and Indian
parentage.
Stories have also been told of
runaway Negro slaves who came to
the site of Minneapolis by way of
the underground railway on their
way to Canada and freedom.
The history of Fort Smelling
mentions the fact that as early as
1920 Negroes were brought to the
fort as slaves by officers sta
toned there. In 1884 DR.. Emer-
son brought to Fort Smelling his
slave, bred Scott, who Is years
later won national publicity in the
famous "Dred Scott Decision"
Eight Families Came
The first group of free Negroes
who came to Minneapolis for the
purpose of settling and establish
ing homes for themselves were
eight families who came up the
Mississippi River from Missouri,
Arkansas, and Illinois, and settled
just above st. Anthony Falls. There
were no houses to be rented and
they were housed in the basement
of the "Old Winslow House" and
at Fort Smelling until they could
erect homes. During the ten years
(1857-1S67) this small settlement
of Negroes was augmented from
time to time by others. Some of
the free Negroes who were work.
ing on Mississippi River steam
boats built or purchased homes and
sent for their families.
Many of the Negroes, who had
deserted the Southern Confederate
army and joined the Minnesota
regiments, came to Fort Smelling
with the troops for discharge from
war and some of them settled at
st. Anthony Falls.
There were also barge-loads of
Negroes who came to st. Anthony
Falls as "Contrabands of War"
under the colonization plan Of
President Abraham Lincoln in
which he endeavored to alleviate
the distress of homeless freed
slaves.
In this way the little settlement
of Negroes at st. Anthony Falls
grew rapidly and by 1867 the
Negro population was approx
mately 200.
Is Years of Adjustment
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1939-09-29

of Rights the Negroes permit to
sell his labor in the open market.
The results achieved by them dur
ing the so years Immediately fol-
lowing its adoption is sufficient
proof that they drove a good bar
gain.
Some of the outstanding Negroes
of the late nineties and early goth
century were:
w. NJ. Smith, who came to Min
neapolis from Ohio and became the
first Negro Supervisor in the Min
neapolis post office.
Mayme and Harriet Weir, two
brilliant colored women, who taught
in the Minneapolis public schools
from the early COS until 1914.
Queenie Harper, who taught in
Minneapolis schools from 1906 I'M
til 1910.
Mrs. Anna Morris, who taught
as a substitute in Minneapolis pub
lie schools from 1902 until 1917.
James L. Titus, who owned his
own drug store and also taught in
the Pharmaceutical Department of
the Free Dispensary of the Univer-
sity of Minnesota Hospital.
Chas. Saunders came. to Mime
apohs in the COS with William L.
Harris, the founder of the New
England Furniture Co. For a num-
Der of years he was in charge of
the Carpet Department of that
store. He started the first riding
school in Minneapolis and owned a
valuable string of thoroughbred
horses.
In 1898, R. S. Brown, MD, be-
gan the practice of medicine in
Minnesota, and continued tn
practice until his death in 1926.
DR.. ]. R. Redd, MD, was also a
practicing physician in Minneapolis
from 1908 until his death in 1926.
DR.. R. J. C. Brown, MD, and
DR.. W. D. Brown, MD, sons of
r. S. Brown, MD, are at present
the only Negro physicians in Min
neapolis.
DR.. w. S. Wright, DDS, came
to Minneapolis in 1912 and is still
engaged in the practice of his pro-
fession of dentistry.
Other dentists: W. E. Burton,
1917-1935; M. ]. Richardson, 1928
1884.
Besides ]. S. Titus, who owned
a drug store in the COS, there
have been several other druggists.
Geo. Nelson owned a drug store
from 1897 until 1908.
Raymond and Miles o. Cannon
owned and operated a drug store
from 1916 until 1880.
Lawyers
There have been a long success
sion of attorneys in Minneapolis
since Frank Wheaton graduated
from the U. of MINI. law school in
1890.
In 1891 VIM. R. Morris began
practice; Harvey Burk in 1906;
B. S. Smith, 1907; A. R. Skinner,
-; Gale P. Hilyer, 1916; Geo,
DeVaughnn, Harvey L. Scott, 1915;
Miss L. o. Smith, 1920; Glesne1
Fowler, 1920; Homer Cannon, 1928
and Raymond Cannon, 1881.
VIM. Simmons has been engaged
in the restaurant business in Min,
neapolis for the past % years. Fol
many years he had a restaurant
on the southwest corner of Fourth
Ave. S. and Fifth st. and many
of the city's prominent politica
figures ate in his place.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1939-09-29
DRIED SCOTT
HAVE PARTICIPATED IN
THREE WARS

Veterans of three wars are found
among the Minneapolis Negro pop
ulation. This does not include three
veterans who saw service in the
Indian campaigns. Civil War,
Spanish-American and World War
vets who live here, have played
prominent parts in the city's his
tory.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1939-09-29
EDITORS NOTE:

1t was humanity impossible to Sc
cure and publish the names of each
individual or family which figured
in early Mill City history. With
limited time and space this news
paper did the best job it could with
all things considered.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1939-09-29
RAISING MONEY

The newly enfranchised colored
citizens are circulating a subscrip-
ton paper for the purpose of rails
ing money to defray the expenses
of their proposed celebration in st.
Paul.-Mpls. Tribune, Dec. 20, 1862.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1939-09-29
FIRST JUROR

The st. Paul papers chronicle the
first enpanelment of Negro juniors
in Minnesota. On Friday in the
court of common pleas of Ramsey
County Willis A. Harris, a colored
man, was brought to trial for burg
larry, and of the IL jurors who sat
on the case five were colored. Their
names are R. ]. Stockton, M. Jerne-
gan, Henry Moffit, Thos. A. Jack
son, and Robert Heckman.-Trib-
une, March 20, 1869.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1939-09-29
Excerpts from the
Press of Early DAYS

The following excerpts from
early newspapers will give some
idea Of the extent to which the
Negroes participated in the civic
and social life of Minneapolis:
An old landmark of two years
standing in st. Anthony-the old
Baptist church-was torn down
yesterday, preparatory to removal
to st. Paul, where it will be re-
built as a church for the colored
Baptist society of that city. 1t was
built in 1850, the second church in
the State
-Mpls. Tribune, Jan. %,
1871.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1939-09-29

The colored people of the city
have made application to the Good
Templar to rent their Lodge room
in Concert Hall in order to hold
religious services once or twice
week, etc.-St. Paul Daily Press,
Nov. 7, 1863.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1939-09-29
Negroes Were Residents Of
Minneapolis Prior To 1886;
Trader Captured Murderer
By MILDRED STRADER

Just when the first Negro the section of the
Territory which known Minneapolis has been
from documentary evidence available because according
which forced the advent region
preceded regular recorded history by nearly
BOnga
According story told by Chippewa Indians
slaves Wisconsin Territory minnesota part
land which prior the century
Territory in the latter half of the 18th
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1939-09-29

whose ages are from 6 to IA, both
boys and girls. Any person want
ing one or more of said children
can learn full particulars by in
curing of the Boarding House and
Employment Committee of the Y.
NJ. C. A. of Minneapolis.-Tribune,
Feb. 16, 1868.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1939-09-29

Wanted-to find homes for a few
colored children who are orphans
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1939-09-29

The youngest person on the
above picture is now known as
Fannie Pierre Lewis, churc h
worker, volunteer social worker,
and good saint to many unfortu-
nate inmates in state institutions.
She is shown with her father,
Richard Burke, seated with her
mother, Elizabeth. Standing is her
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1939-09-16
Tony Galento
Batters Nova

Philadelphia, Sept. 16. -(AP)-
In as CORY and bloody spectacle
as any slaughterhouse ever wit
messed, pudgy Tony Galento, the
little fat fellow who was supposed
to run out Of gas after Is minutes,
cut young Lou Nova down in ID
rounds last night to qualify for
another chance at Joe Louis heavy
weight championship.
With both fighters smcared with
blood and his own shirt splattered
from collar to waist, Referee
George Blake stepped in and
stopped the fight at minutes, A
second of the 18th round of left
hand slugging and awarded Two
Ton Tony technical knockout vic
tory.
Not in the widest nightmares had
any one expected what took place
last night in this same ring in which
Gene Tunney dethroned cack
Dempsey Is years ago. The tight
wasn't supposed to last more than
five rounds, because either Galen-
tO'3 hand bomb or Nova's cutting
jabs would force a halt by then.
Yet, for not quite IA full rounds,
the 224 1-2 pound barkeeper from
New Jersey and the 2O7 pound
california Kid" slugged and
mauled, rushed n and clinched, put
mostly they just fired left hand:
and watched the blood squirt.
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1939-09-16
Drive Will
Precede Vote
On Tobacco
College Station, Raleigh, Sept II

College Station, Raleigh, Sept Is.
I-E. Y. Floyd, AAA executive Of
ficer at State College, announced to-
day that thorough educational COM
paign to acquaint farmers with the
1910 AAA program would be staged
over the State before growers voted
in the coming tobacco referendum.
Following the closing of ware
houses in the flue-cured tobacco
belts as a result of the withdrawal
of British interests from the market,
la referendum was deemed wise be-
fore the markets reopened.
When growers vote on tobacco
quotas for 1910 this year, they will
be voting on acreage allotments in
stead of poundage allotments, as has
been the case in the other two ref
BRENDA.
AS yet no definite date has been
set for the coming balloting In
Washington this week, those con-
nected with the tobacco industry met
with Secretary of Agriculture Wal
lace and recommended that the vote
be held not earlier than September
80 and not later than October 7.
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1939-09-16
Take License
OF Is Minors
Daily Dispatch Bureau.
In the Sir Walter Hotel.

Raleigh, Sept 16.-This weeks list
of 1852 driver license revOcations in
cludeS the names of Is minors who
lost their right to operate motor We
|hicles on North Carolina highways.
Which makes the total for the past
three weeks 43 minors out Of 391
revocations, indicating that almost
exactly II per cent Zone out of nine)
of those losing their licenses are be-.
low the age Of Fl.
The grand total of North Caro-
lima revocations rose to 1868 as the
result of the weeks activities in the
Highway Safety Division which is
charged with the announcement of
|automotic revocation upon conviction
of certain specified offenses.
AS usual drunken driving was the
preponderant cause for revocation.
OF the Is minors whose licenses
were taken away for a period of a
year, II had been convicted of
drunken driving; one losts his permit
eOr a second Offense of reckless driv-
ing. In the general list, ISL were for
an automobile; three for two offenses
drunken driving; six for larceny of
of reckless driving; one each for hit
run driving; and for driving after
license had previously been revoked.
Of the 10 minors, two (both con-
victed of drunken drivinS) were of
the minimum age at which a permit
to drive can be issued, Is.
The minors who drove while
drunk were convicted, as to prohibit
ton status of counties in which the
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1939-09-16
Line Averages l65 Lbs:
Backs Tip Scales At l52

OF any member Of the squad, al
though he weighs out 1913 bounds.
Other members Of the squad that
Stow promise are Gerald Hooks.
center; Willard Edwards, Hunter
Dunn Dunn and William Mitchell, guards;
MalVn Gupton, tackle; Walter Az
stone and Ashton Warwick. ends:
Iernen Turner, Billy Neathery,
Jerry Falkner, Davada Loughlin
and William Daniel, backs.
Warwick played in many games
last year, but hasn't showed the
coaches the work he should. Dunn.
Falkner and Daniel had been out
much with slight injuries.
All OF those who have been out
with ailments during the past week
are expected to be on hand Mon
Gay IN tip top shape for a hard
week of blocking and tackling.
The Bulldogs open with Roanoke
RapldS Two weeks hence.
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1939-09-16
Citadel To Play Several
Tar Heels Against U. N. {.

seasoned and proven veteran.
Bob David, who plays the other
end, and the triple threat Edwards
rank with the best passing COM
binations in Dixie. Their duel with
Cardinals Stirnweiss to Mallory
and Lalanne to SEVERN combina-
items should produce plenty OF
aerial fireworks.
The tackles are big and strong,
the starters being Henry Kennedy,
1876, and King Kong Shealy, 100.
John Stewart, IT'S, and Suster
Deschamps, 1876, will be the
guards.
The backfietl will have John
Howard at quarter, elmer Brown
ng and Edwards at the halves, and
Dan Stubs at full. The latter is
also North Carolina boy, beng
rom Lenoir.
This quartet isn't so heavy, but
IFS experienced, fast, shifty, and
tricky. And Deke Bracket, the
former Tennessee star, has taught
them Ill the tricks.
Coach Gressette also has good
second backfield composed of Jim
my Leach, Sim, Hank Foster, and
Don Mcintyre, all are experienced
under fire, and Sim and Foster can
both pass and punt
The Citadel won six games and
lost five on suicidal schedule last
year. They're playing another this
season-Carolina, Georgia, Tenn
essee but that's enough. These
Cadets are scrappers, fast and
tricky, noted for surprising the big
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1939-09-16
Strength Of Bulldogs Remains An Unknown Quantity

ing other peoples money is steal
ing"
Honeycutt openly warned that
there will be fight in the next leg
islature to take the game and fish
division away from the Conserva-
ton. Department and set it up as an
independent unit He minced no
words in saying he'd help in such a
fight
Nor was he appeased to any de-
gree with suggestion of cOmprom-
Use agreement with the committee
"A gentlemans agreement isn't
worth tinker's dam in bunch OF
lawyers, he said.
Boiled down, it seemed that the al
legged diversion has set the stage for
an intensification of a fight to take
the game unit away from the De-
partment, fight which has been in
progress off and on for a decade The
prOtestants view the game-fish Ii
cense as sacred" and to be used on
ly to propagate game in the state
They also contended that diversion
is illegal under the. Federal Pittman-
Robertson act which appropriates
certain Federal funds for use along
with state game money.
The Departments view is that di-
version is not only necessary but is
fully justified because preservation
and protection of forests is largely
matter of protection for game The
legislature authorized it and there is
nothing in the Robertson act
it is contended, which prohibits di-
version Of state funds act APP
plies only to Federal money APP
prOpriated under it.
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1939-09-16

Floyd said this would give those
who will conduct the educational
campaign at least two weeks and
not more than three to acquaint
farmers with the tobacco privisiOns
of the 1910 farm program.
AS in the other two referenda, a
two-t thirds majority of those voting
will be necessary to carry the bal
loting. If fewer than two-thirds ia
vor crop control for next year, un-
limited production, such as was the
case this year, will be in order.
Growers accepted crop control on
their 1888 crop through a referen-
dunn, but rejected restrictions on
their 1889 crop through the same