davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1939-09-22

Prominent men, both here and
abroad, are taking up the hobby of bird
watching as a relief from the strains Of
current affairs.
We could name them. but what's the
use?
One of the finest points to interest in
birds is that the least lowly and unknown
person may get as much pleasure out of
it as the greatest.
terest must be there in the first place.
At first it may be just enough interest
to look, after that it grows by the very
doing.
It can be begun any time and any
where.
You are at your office?
Look out the window. Probably there
is a pigeon or sparrow on the sill
If not, the chances are that few Sec
onds of observation will show some birds
flying off across town.
What birds are they?
In the street at lunch time there are
pigeons numbering across sidewalks, in
cutters and parks.
So it goes, the day through; and in any
location.
The housewife at her kitchen sink, the
children going to school, the boy and
girl scouts anywhere and everywhere.
Perhaps the very finest feature of this
interest is that there is absolutely no
Dragging in connection with it.
AS far as we know, it is positively the
one and only hobby of which this can
be said.
Collectors of small, exotic fishes are
the most boastful people in the world
When they meet, instead of talking
about their pets. they spend most of the
time trying to prove that they have
something the other fellow hasn't.
1t is much the same in stamp collect
ing, and in almost every other hobby
you can think Of.
~ *
1t is far different in bird observation
Here the bird is the thing
observations are so personal that
there seems to be little desire among en-
thusiasts to share them beyond a Ger
tain point.
The talk is all about the birds, not
about how many more one has seen than
the next fellow.
The marks of difference between spe-
cies, the nest-building habits, the times
of migration
These are few of the topics. with
the accent always on the species
watched.
There seems to be no jealousy among
Evening star., 1939-09-22
Children in Truffic

The opening of schools brings an
nually new traffic problem. In a
sense the problem is simplifled when
thousands of youngsters spend a
portion of their time in classrooms
and on supervised Fairgrounds. But
the hours in school account for only
about half of their active day. Dur
ing the period of heaviest traffic, in
the morning, and again in the
afternoon, just before the home
coming rush, these children are NOV
ing en- masse, and are always in q
hurry. Their presence calls for Ut
Evening star., 1939-09-22

that the additional human life
added to the crossings toll makes
the slow start on the overpass costly
in a way that can never be repaid.
It is not comforting for the chief
engineer of the State Roads Com
mission to announce that the grade
elimination task might" start dur
ing the coming winter, but the start
is mot assured" Each day the
crossing remains open a preventable
hazard to life and limb exists. The
latest tragedy should bring home to
both State and county authorities
the costliness of delay in grade
elimination programs.
Evening star., 1939-09-22
most care, not only near the schools,
but for many blocks away.

most care, not only near the schools,
but for many blocks away.
To a large extent the problem has
been met by the Schoolboy Patrol.
This excellent method has not only
earned the respect and cooperation
OF motorists, but has been one of
the strongest factors In instilling
into the children a sense of safe
conduct. Through the co-ordinating
system of the Police Department,
every patrol boy, and, through him,
every pupil, is brought into direct
contact with the idea that safety
on the streets is a citizens respon-
sibility. Flagrant violators must face
the disapproval of their fellows and
undergo the ordeal of reporting to
the co-ordinating officer at the
weekly patrol meeting. The method
has done much to make the older
children safety-conscious and has
been a direct force in reducing
accidents to children between eight
and fifteen years of age, not only
In Washington, but in the country
at large. This age group has made
the greatest strides Of all groups in
safety in the last five years.
The problem of the younger chill
dren still remains a serious one.
These small ones, hardly out of
babyhood, still uninitiated into the
mysteries of discipline, yet doing
their best to keep pace with the
activity and freedom of their
"elders," frequently have a tendency
to regard safety warnings as Just
another don't" Their experience
has not taught them the meaning
OF traffic dangers, and their memories
are notoriously short in the adven-
ture OF new joys and excitements.
The problem of these will be met
during their first few weeks in school.
Tor they show remarkable adaptable
lty. But in those few weeks, as in
the years which preceded them, the
burden of safety education, through
wise counsel, rests in the home. The
best safety lesson of all is good ex-
ample set by the adults whom these
children most respect.
Evening star., 1939-09-22
Atlantic and Pacific Held
Our Best Allies.
To the Editor Of The Star:

To the Editor Of The Star:
During all this discussion whether
neutrality" will drag us into war or keep
us out let us pause moment to con-
slider the twin Palladiums of Peace for
Uncle SAVIOUR friendly and faithful
allies-the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.
Their spacious expanse (both isolation
lists and universalists will admit, has
saved us from constant embodiment in
quarrels to the east and west-and is still
effective while the moat around England
has become insufficient to protect that
country from modern bombardment. BY
virtue of being sandwiched between these
oceans America has been able to develop
its giant strength and has saved the i'm
mense cost Of Maginot and Siegfried
lines. BON VOYAGE,
9eptembor II.
Evening star., 1939-09-22

is a member of this club even though
she may never be able 10 come to a
meeting, because the members present
know she is in sympathy with their
efforts.
Not only must these children be cared
for physically, but they should be edu-
Gated as well. Knowing this, the Board
OF Education has for four years re-
quested that home instruction be made
a permanent part of the school system.
The request is in the current budget
estimate with provision for 16 teachers.
The w. P. A. project (begun about
November, 193S) for teaching these un-
fortunate children an hour once or twice
week was very successfully carried out
this last school year. Each teacher was
especially selected to fit each child S
needs. But this project was closed June,
1885, and for some reason or other has
not been reopened. Why?
A great many of these children have
been handicapped for years because of
some physical disability. They can not
get about without great deal of help.
Others are not able to leave their beds
for long time; still others, because of
an accident from falling, or being hit
by an auto or something else, have had
to be out of school for days, weeks,
months, sometimes years. Why should
they miss all that schooling? Practically
all of them can be taught at home, and
it should be so, for there is law that
"a child must 60 to school until he is 16,
unless he has completed the eighth grade
and is working" Well, if he can't 60,
then the school should come to him.
1t has been proved that this type Of
child can be taught to earn living for
himself. Isn't that better than having
him become a charge of the city as he
probably would if those who love and
care for him are taken?
September 10. MIRIAM r. PEEIE.
Evening star., 1939-09-22
Mother Makes Plea
For Crippled Children.
To the Editor Of The Sta,

To the Editor Of The Star:
A recent meeting of the Mothers
Club'-mothers of "shut-in, handi-
capped children" was attended by 13
parents. They met to make further
plans for getting teachers to come to the
homes of these afflicted ones. They will
keep on meeting and planning, and in
between times will carry out some Of
those plans. The meetings are not large
because it is hard for most Of the
mothers to find some one to take care Of
these children.
Every mother Of . handicapped child
Evening star., 1939-09-22
Jupun's Anxiety

The Japanese government ana 1tS
officials are sparing no effort to I'M
prove relations with the United
States and to wipe out the animosi-
ties which Japan's invasion of China
produced in this country.
The recent press conference state
ment of Nippon's Ambassador in
Washington, Kensuke Horinouchi,
that Japan's truce" with Russia on
the Outer Mongolian border was in
spired simply by the desire to con-
centrate on settlement of the China
affair and that it gives no ground
for expecting a Soviet-Japanese nom
aggression pact, was only the latest
move in the direction of greater
harmony between the two great Pa
cific powers. Mr.. Horinouchi also
suggested that a new American
japanese trade treaty would be
beneficial.
Mr.. Horinouchi's statement came
almost simultaneously with aSSur-
ances by a spokesman of the Toxic
foreign office that, in fulfilling its
policy in China, the rights and in
terests of the United States would
be respected. "Japan's fundamental
policy is immutable," the spokesman
said, however. 1--WE cannot retreat
single step and our defensive eco
nomic special position in East Asia
must be fully recognized"
This country is always receptive to
any effort for better relations be-
tween nations based on international
law and morality, but it is not willing
to accept forced changes in the
status quo, particularly where the
rights and interests of this country
suffer thereby.
Mr.. Horinouchi's statement is evi-
dence OF the realization in Japan of
the deep-lying American sentiment
In favor of the European democracies
and against the totalitarian states,
and OF a desire to be dissociated
from the latter in the American
mind. His overtures for a new COM
mercial treaty indicate that Japan
does not relish the termination of
the Acknowledgements commercial
treaty next January, paving the
way as it does for more drastic ac-
tion by the United States in the
protection of it's interests.
The reform of Japan's government
and policy in response to the Ger
man-Soviet non-aggression pact and
Tokio's repeated assertions of in
tention to remain neutral in the
European war are evidences of a re-
turn to isolationism in foreign policy
and concentration on a settlement
in China. But this new isolationism
does not destroy Japan's essential
affinity with the totalitarian powers
OF Europe, in that they all are en-
gagged in revision of the territorial
status by use of force.
AS long as Japan pursues her
campaign in China to the detriment
OF the interests of Britain and
France the United States can only
fear that the foundations of its own
position are being eaten away, not
because this country has any in
separable ties with Britain and
France, but because British French
and American interests in the Far
East have a common basis-the
treaties with China and between
themselves and other governments
For that reason any attack upon the
established treaty structure is in
directly an attack upon the position
of the United States.
Evening star., 1939-09-22

Take any given air force. Sub
tract therefrom the number OF
planes the enemy claim to have shot
down. According to the figures
there should soon be none left-but
there always a1e.
Evening star., 1939-09-22
Praises Star Editorial
Stand on Neutrality.
20 the Editor Of The Star:

TO the Editor OF The Star:
Allow me to praise you for your edi-
tcrials regarding present neutrality agi-
tation. hope that you and Frederic
William Vile and others Of the same
mind can make the opposition see what
= predicament We would be In II our
friends aze beaten. @. pAlAR
Evening star., 1939-09-22
Asks Repeal Of
Arms Embargo.
tn the Editor of The 81

In our heart of hearts, we Americans
are consoled with the belief that some
benehcent angel; like Drake, Well
ington, or Pershing, will always leap
forth and vanquish the bloody enemy.
Hitler, with a series OF iconoclastic
stratagems continues to satisfy his plum
derous monomania, and continues to
make piffie OF our traditions. Shall we
be impressed with the private informa-
ton to the contrary" of Senator Borah?
or with the benign, complacency of
Senator Nye? Chamberlainian appease-
ment in concert with the supine indif-
ference Of his public has experienced
crushing blow. America need only ex-
anime these facts to judiciously repeal
the arms embargo. YOUNGBLOOD.
September 20.
Evening star., 1939-09-22

=. The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to
the use for republication of all news dispatches
credited to 1t or not otherwise credited in this
paper and also the local news published herein
All rights of publication Of special dispatches
herein also are reserved
Evening star., 1939-09-22
Letters to the Editor

Letters to the Editor must
Dear the name and address OF
the ,Driter. although the use OF
pseudonym for publication is
permissible. Please be brief!
Evening star., 1939-09-22
Rate by Mail-Payable in Advance.
Member of the Associated Press

Entered as second-class matter post ONCE.
Washington. D. c.
Evening star., 1939-09-22
WASHING TON. D. C.
FRIDAY September ~, 1899
The Evening Star Newspaper Company.

The Evening Star Newspaper Company.
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Evening star., 1939-09-22
Delivered by Carrier-City and Suburban.

Main once 11th St. and Pennsylvania Ave.
New York ONCE: 40 East 42nd St.
Chicago once: 435 North Michigan Ave
Evening star., 1939-09-22
By Dale Winters.

opera (Tschaikowskys 'Mazeppa)-such
has been the strange fate of the Cossack
Hetman Mazeppa"
Indeed, as the waning summer of 1899
marks the 230th anniversary of Mazeppa S
battle OF Poltava against foreign domina-
ton OF Ukraine, his subsequent flight into
Turkey with Charles XII, and his death
in exile the same year, it brings to mind
how vastly different Europe's history
might have been had he won that de-
cisive battle.
Perhaps today there would have been
only modest Muscovy where Commun-
ism runs riot; perhaps only a gentle
Germany where loud "Lebensraums" re-
vertebrate; perhaps a peaceful Europe
where now chaos reigns.
AS the present war goes on, the thought
occurs that perhaps out of the ruins an
other Mazeppa will come forward-one
who would successfully create an inde-
pendent Ukraine. Certainly the posi-
bility merits consideration. A national
movement as vast and united as the
Ukrainian is not without powerful lead
ership.
Equally, it would be folly to discount
the possibility of another Sweden COM
ing forward to support Ukrainian claim
to independence. 1t would be vain to
hope that international political COM
plexities may unravel sufficiently to
hazard a guess who that nation, or ma
tlons, might be, but without doubt it is
to the interest of European peace and
balance of power that Ukrainian eth
biographical state be created. Till then,
there can be no lasting peace.
Evening star., 1939-09-22

@. What animal weighs the least at
birth and which one the most?-T. P. S.
A. The opossum at birth weighs only
1/140 ounce, while a newborn whale
weighs 7 tons.
Evening star., 1939-09-22

occur while William T. Tilden was play
ing tennis?-E. B.
A. An airplane crash occurred in the
final match of the mems singles cham
pionship, September 6. 1920. between
William T. Tilden and William M. john
ston. This accident occurred at Forest
Hills, Long Island, N. Y. and resulted in
the death of news photographer and
the pilot of the airplane.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1939-05-25
RESOLUTIONS OF RESPECT

Whereas The Creator His all wise providence removed
from midst faithful members Agnes Mon
cref and
Whereas Local Union Brotherhood Oper-
Pottes the death of Monce
ber who esteemed fellow the
family devoted and faithful mother therefore be it
Resolved, the members No. Wells
vle Ohio shall long cherish kindly
pleasant sympathy esteem,
it hereby ordered that these resolutions
book, copy sent bereaved family copy
published Potes Herald that charter
mourning for a period Of thirty days.
HESTER
ORVIS REESE,
DICKEY,
Committee, |. u. %.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1939-05-25
40 Cents Minimum Pay
For Hat Makers Urged

Washington, d. C. (AFLWNS).-A
minimum wage of 40 cents an hour
for hat makers was urged by Elias
Lieberman, attorney for the United
Hatters, Cap and Millinery Workers
International Union, at the hearing
held by the minimum wage committee
for the hat-making industry. The
committee, appointed by Wage-H Hour
Administrator Elmer +. Andrews,
composed of representatives, manu-
facturers and the public, has authority
to recommend minimum wages as high
as 40 cents an hour if they are econ
omically feasible and will not essen
TALLY curtail employment. The Fair
Labor Standards Act of 1898 now calls
for rs cents minimum.
Mr.. Lieberman said that approx
mately ninety per cent of the fur felt
hat workers were receiving 40 cents
an hour and more, and that to increase
the remainder to 40 cents would mean
an increase Of only Ia per cent in pay
rolls.
The Accent -an-hour rate was op-
posed by spokesmen for the Hat In
stitute, Inc, New York City, and the
Southern and Western Hat Manufac-
turers Association.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1939-05-25

dividual, you may hire either hand
pushed or electrically driven wheel
chair.
Seventeen information booths are
located on the grounds; guides are all
over, 1000 police are wandering
around and practically all industrial
exhibits have information counters.
In other words, you will have heck
of a time getting lost.
= 4 4
Six fully equipped first aid stations
and five modern air-conditioned ambu-
lances, augmented by truck fitted
with portable X-ray apparatus and
speed boat equipped with the most
complete resuscitating machine, pro-
vide first aid and immediate medical
care to cope with any mishap. A staff
of doctors and nurses is available in
each first aid station.
x X X
If you can tear yourself away from
the potters' exhibit and the other in
dustrial displays long enough to tour
the amusement area, you will find a
park covering 280 acres, larger than
the entire 1887 Paris International
Exposition.
x X X
You can see New York as it was
in the "Gay Nineties" or an English
village of Shakespearean times. You
can stroll along the shores of the
Zuider Zee as you visit little bit Of
Holland, or you can stare at the
giraffe-necked women, Ubangi tribes
men, head hunters and fierce savages
from all over the world. Quite place.
4 4 +
Probably the real thrill in this Sec
ton is Children's World, Inc. Cover
ing six acres, this fun field for the
kiddies (both in age and hearty has
everything of interest and education
for the small ones. You can leave
your child with a guide who will see
that baby sees every nook and corner
and then place him in a huge play
ground under supervision until you
come along with your claim check.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1939-05-25
Exclusion Of Communists
From Labor Party Urged

6 New York, N. Y. (AFLWNS).-A
strongly worded demand for excluding
all Communists from the American
Labor party was made in resolution
adopted by the third annual city con-
vention Of the Social Democratic Fed
Grafton here.
Louis Waldman, chairman of a
special committee set up to make a
survey of Red activities, reported that
out of thirty Labor party clubs in
Manhattan nineteen are controlled by
Communists.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1939-05-25
British Lubor To
Be Represented BY
EIvin and Brown
Will Attend AFL Convention
In Cincinnuti Next
October

Washington, d. C. (AFLWNS).-A
communication received by the Amer
lean Federation of Labor from the
British Trade Union Congress an
nounces that H. H. Elvin and j. Brown
will serve as fraternal delegates from
the Congress to the 1889 A. F. of l..
convention in Cincinnati, Ohio, next
October.
Mr.. Elvin is vice president of the
Trades Union Congress and general
secretary of the National Union of
Clerks and Administrative Workers,
whose headquarters are at 70 st.
Georges Square, London, S. w. 1.
Mr.. Brown is member of the Gen
eral Council of the Trades Union Con-
gress and general secretary of the
Iron & Steel Trades Confederation,
whose headquarters are at Swinton
House, 324 Gray's Inn Road, London,
w. C. 1.
The exchange of fraternal delegates
between the British Trades Union Con-
gress and the American Federation of
Labor originated in 1894, when John
Burns and David Holmes presented
the greetings Of the Congress to the
American Federation of Labor conven-
ton at Denver, Colo. In 1895, Samuel
Gompers and p. J. cGuire attended the
British Trades Union Congress as the
first fraternal delegates from the
American Federation of Labor to that
organization.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1939-05-25
Thompson Hits
Coal Contract
Made Recently
Columnist Says It Is Main
Key To Kill A. F. LIS
Mine Workers

Washington, d. C.-Miss Dorothy
Thompson, we'll known columnist, in
an article on "The Coal Strike" pub
lished in the Washington Post, crit
isized strongly the agreement Of the
United Mine Workers with the bitum-
inous coal operators She said, in part:
"The soft-coal strike, which invol-
we'd 100000 miners, brought about a
curtailment of transit service in many
cities; paralyzed industrial activity
over a large area, cost the rank and
| file workers six weeks pay and is in
dangerous phase in Harlan County,
KY, wherein contrast to most of the
area-it is not settled, is not strike
of the workers against the operators
but is a strike of the United Mine
Workers., C. |. o. union having the
majority, against the Progressive
Miners of America, an affiliate of the
American Federation of Labor.
"The strike has had only one puf-
pose-to give the United Mine Work
ers a monopoly organization in the
coal mines. In order to obtain this
monopoly for Mr.. Lewis's organiza-
ton all industry and the whole public
has had to suffer.
FINALLY, the President intervened.
"Now, what was the issue? 1t was
whether the Government was to exert
it's pressure to compel industry to pre-
vent labor from changing it's mind!
"It was, therefore, violation of
the essential spirit of the labor re-
lations act, which affirms that labor
has the right, under law, to organize
itself in unions of its own choosing.
"Mr. Lewis does not want another
union in the coal mines. To prevent
another union he suggested two al
ternatives-a closed shop, or union
shop which is approximately the
same thing, or the elimination of the
penalty clause in the contract with the
operators, which, as it stands, prevents
the miners, under a cash penalty,
from striking during the life of the
contract.
"Mr. Lewis wanted the war to be
settled on his terms, against the A. F.
of L. Union, or he wanted the power
to carry it on by continued strikes
against the A. F. of l.. enemy
Having one union in the coal in
dustry and compelling everyone to