davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-01-05
.Jr. Choir Practice.

The Junior choir of the First Bap-
tist church will practice tonight at
7:3O o'clock at the church.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-01-05
Mrs. Pittman Leaves.

Mrs. T. NJ Pittman has been visit
ing Mrs. A. ]. Davis, on Charles street
and returned to her home in Raleigh
today
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-01-05
Continues Ill.

Continues Ill.
w. J. Brummitt, of Oxford, route 8,
continues to be critically ill. Mr..
Brummitt is the father of Mrs. o. B.
Mitchell, of this city.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-01-05
Guest from Newburn.

F. F. Armstrong, of Newburn, is
visiting his brother-in-law and sister
Mr.. and Mrs. S. ]. Lane, for severa
days at their home, on Young street
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-01-05
Vogler Thinks His
Absentee Bill To Pass

Continued from Page One.1
The Washington times., 1939-01-05
1910 Deficit Less

The estimated receipts for the
fiscal year 1910 amount to
SIS, ,669, 1920, 900, and the expendi-
lures for that year are estimated
at $8,995 ,663, 900, resulting in a
deficit of $3,326, ,343, 900.
RECOMME NDATIONS s
Temporary miscellaneous in
ternal-revenue taxes: I recon-
mend that the Congress take,
steps by suitable legislation to
extend the miscellaneous in
ternal-reVenue taxes which
under existing law will expire
next June and July, and also to
maintain the current rates Of
those taxes which would other
wise be reduced next June. I
consider that the revenue from
such taxes or its equivalent is
necessary for the financing OF
the budget for 1910.
. POSTAL RECEIPTS-The esti-
mates of appropriations for the
postal service included in the
. 1910 budget are predicated upon
the enactment of legislation to
provide for the continuance
during that fiscal year of the
Scent postage rate for first
class mail other than for local
delivery,
The Washington times., 1939-01-05
Operates at Loss

While the Government col
lects more than it spends on
first-class mail, the postal serv-
ice is not self-supporting be-
cause it carries other classes of
mail at less than cost.
CIVILIAN CONSERVATION
CORPS The Civilian Con-
servation Corps has demon
strated its usefulness and has
met with general public ap-
proval. 1t should be continued
beyond June 80, 1910, and I
recommend that Congress enact
during its present session the
necessary legislation to estab
lish the corps as a permanent
agency of the Government. -.
at this point the message re-
Die,Ded the fiscal policies of
1888 and 1897
FISCAL YEAR 1910. RE
CEIPTS-Revenue estimates for
the fiscal year 1910 are based
on the assumption that certain
taxes which would otherwise ex-
pire in June and July, 1899, will
be continued. The total antici-
pated receipts for the fiscal
year 1910 on this basis are S.
669, 9,32O, 900, an increase of $149.-
25O,O0O over the estimated reve-
nues for the fiscal year 1889.
The Washington times., 1939-01-05
Must Progress

On the contrary, it is to be
sought by employing every ef-
fective device we may have at
our command for promoting a
steady recovery, which means
steady progress toward the goal
of full utilization of our re-
sources. We can contribute very
materially toward that end by
a wise tax program.
I am recommending the re-
enactment of the excise taxes
which will expire in June and
July of this year, not because I
regard them as ideal compo-
nents of our tax structure, but
because their collection has been
perfected, our economy is ad-
justed to them, and we cannot
afford at this time to sacrifice
the revenue they represent. If
the Congress should at this Ses-
sion adopt new taxes more Scien-
tifically planend to care for the
defense and agricultural pro-
grams, it is quite possible that
the existence of these new taxes
will enable us in a later year to
give consideration to aboliShing
some of the present excise levies.
The revised estimate Of re-
ceipts for the fiscal year 1889 as
contained in this budget is $5,-
520,070,000, and of expenditures,
SO, ,492, ,329 900, leaving a deficit
of $3,972,259, 900.
The Washington times., 1939-01-05
RevisiOns Mapped

Furthermore, consideration is
now being given to plans for
spreading the coverage of, and
for revising sthe benefits under,
the Social Security Act. and for
improving public health facil-
tiles. These plans present major
questions of future national
policy and directly affect the
budget.
EXTRAORDINARY EXPEN-
DITURES-Beyond these ques-
tions of ordinary expenditures
are those which relate to the
incorporating or unusual costs
of government and involve ex-
traordinary expenditures that
deal more particularly with the
relationship between fiscal
policy and the economic welfare
Of the country. These 'queS-
tions concern Government loans,
capital outlays, and relief of
needy. Expenditures made under
these heads are of such a flexible
character as to provide, through
their contraction or expansion,
a partial offset for the rise or
fall in the national income.
The public has been showing
an increased interest in the
adoption by the Government of
a form of budget which would
conform more nearly to the
practice followed in commercial
business. There has been some
criticism of the Governments
practice Of including in its bud
getary expenditures, amounts
diSburSed for loans, or for self
liquidating projects, or for other
extraordinary capital outlays
which increase the wealth of
the nation.
The Washington times., 1939-01-05
UnWise to CurtGiL

May I say emphatically that
I am not suggesting an ordi-
nary budget which is always
balanced and an extraordinary
budget whis is always unbal-
anced. The ordinary expenses
of Government should continue
to be met out of current rev.
enues. But I also hope that
those revenues in times of pros
perity will provide a surplus
which can be applied against the
public debt that the Government
must incur in lean years be-
cause of extraordinary demands
upon it.
1 believe 1 am expressing the
thought of the most far-Sighted
students or our economic sys-
tenn in saying that it would
be unwise either to curtail ex-
penditureS sharply or to impose
drastic new taxes at this stage
of recovery. But in view of the
addition to our public expendi-
lures involved in the proposed
enlarged national defense pro-
gram and the program for agri-
cultural parity payments, for
The Washington times., 1939-01-05
Full Test of Presidents Budget Message
Continued U. S. Spending Held Needed
For Permanent Recovery

and the Inauguration Of the So
cial Security and agricultural
programs. Under all of these
classifications, new expenditures
have been added without cor
responding increases in taxes.
Fixed costs have also in
creased because of numerous
new appropriations for grants
and subsidies.
Another type Of expenditure
has been forced upon us in in
creasing volume by the real ne
ceSSity for expanding our ma
tional defense. We are all aware
of the grave and unSettling de-
velopments in the field of inter
national relations during the
past few years. Because of the
conditions of modern warfare,
we must now perform in ad-
vance tasks that formerly could
be postponed until war had be-
come imminent. A large part of
additional national defense ex-
penditureS should, I think, be
put in a special category on a
temporary basis.
The Washington times., 1939-01-05
Hines LQudS
Vets Care

Complete assurance of social
benefits and future security Is
provided for Americas war vet
Grams under existing laws, Brig.
Gen. Frank T. Hines, Veterans Ad-
ministrator, informed Congress
yesterday.
The twentieth anniversary Of
the World War finds the veterans
provided with pensions, insurance
and disqualification systems and
every veteran is protected fully in
his rights to secure these benefits,
General Hines declared in his re-
port.
Main problem of the Veterans
Bureau now, General Hines as
serted, is meeting the increased
demands for pensions and jobs for
veterans whose earning power is
declining as they increase in age.
A goal Of 10000 hospital beds
within 10 years to provide for vet
Grams is one of the bureaus aims,
he revealed.
AT the end of 1898, 34O,590 vet
erans were being paid compensa-
tion. The past year also saw the
greatest number of veterans ad-
mitted to hospitals, exceeding the
1892 record by 4,304.
The Washington times., 1939-01-05
Funds Available

1t should be pointed out, how
ever, that the increase in the
debt by reason of the deficit
does not mean that the Treasury
will borrow that additional sum
on the market. There will be
available during the fiscal year
for investment in special issues
of Government obligations the
net sum of approximately $780,
100000, which represents invest
mentS Of $579,O00,000 from the
old-age reserve account, $271,-
100000 from the unemployment
trust fund, and 100000, 900
from the railroad and Govern
ment employees retirement funds
and from veterans funds.
Here the message carried a
table listing gross public debt
at the end OF fiscal years 1896,
1887, and 1888, together IOith
estimates for the tuture.)
APPROPRIATIONS-The ap-
propriations recommended in
this budget, including those for
the postal service, District Of
Columbia. and probable supple
mental items, total 0,190,311,-
483. The appropriations already
made mad prospective supple
mental items for the fiscal year
1899 for the same purpose total
$40, ,928, 500 ,972. This is q de-
crease Of $738, ,298, ,489.
The Washington times., 1939-01-05
Hours Decreased

The operating expenses of the
government have also increased
because of reductions in the
hours of work of certain classes
of Federal employees, and be-
cause Of expansion of the nor
NAL functions of the govern
ment with the growth of the
country.
Among the new governmental
functions which have added to
the costs of the ordinary budget,
the farm program is outStand-
ing. Soil conservation expendi-
lures and other outlays for the
crop adjustment program which
are OF continuing nature and
produce no direct return to the
Federal Government have been
only partially covered by new
revenues.
A new, and partly self-financ-
ing, addition was made to the
ordinary expenditures when the
Social Security Act was passed
to safeguard the economic Sc
curity of a large portion of our
population. However, no pro-
vision was made. for revenues
which would pay for grants to
States for old-age assistance, for
material and child welfare, for
public health work, and for aid
to dependent children and the
blind, which expenditures in
1910 will approximate $286, ,000,-
600.
The Washington times., 1939-01-05
Outlays Regarded
AS Investment
For Future

is expected to remain at the same
figure as in 1899. The amount of
contributions under the railroad
unemployment insurance act,
which appears as q new item in
1910, will be $4,950,000. Customs
receipts are expected to show an
increase Of $68, 100000 over col
lections from this source during
the present fiscal year, and miscel-
laneouS receipts are expected to
be greater than in 1889 by
81, 7,750,000.
EXPENDITURES-The expend-
itures contemplated for the fiscal
year 1910 exclusive of expendi.
lures for debt retirement and
those payable from postal reve.
nues) total 1895, ,663, 200 which
is $496, ,666,0 900 less than the
amount estimated for 1899.
The Washington times., 1939-01-05
Real Values Bought

We have not been throwing
the taxpayers money out of the
window or into the sea. We
have been buying real values
with it. Let me repeat: The
greater part of the. budgetary
deficits that have been incurred
have gone for permanent, tan
gible additions to our national
wealth. The balance has been
an investment in the conserVa-
ton of our human resources,
and do not regard a penny OF
it as wasted.
(There 1Dds inserted at this
point table 1Dhich, the mes
SAGE said, "CledrIy ShoDS that
the greater part OF the deficits
and the larger part OF the in
crease in the public debt hGDe
gone for permanent additions
to our national 1Oealth.D
A year ago recommended an
increase in work relief, public
works, and other related ex-
penditures to check the down.
ward spiral of business. The pro
gram undertaken at that time
has contributed materially, I be-
lieve, to the existing upward
movement of business and en-
ployment; and I feel that the
business men and farmers and
workers of the country, no less
than the unemployed, are en-
titled to an assurance that this
program will not be curtailed
arbitrarily or violently.
The actual cost of work relief
and similar expenditures goes
down after jobs are found by
the workers on these rolls. A
violent contraction, before the
natural expansion Of private in
dustry is ready to take up the
slack, would mean, not only hui
man misery, but a disruptiVe
withdrawal from American in
dustry of volume of purchaS-
ing power which business needs
at this time. The necessity of in
creasing Federal expenditures
year ago to check a reces-
sion is well-known fact.
Any decision to decrease those
expenditures now that recovery
has Just started would consti-
tute a new policy which ought
not to be adopted without full
understanding of what may be
the result.
The Washington times., 1939-01-05
Defense Program

National defense expendi-
lures for 1910 will amount to
81, 1,319, $4,000. This is an in
crease of $309, ,351 900 over the
contemplated expenditures for
national defense purposes in
1889 and represents an increase
Of $99.351 900 for continuing
the current program and $780,
100000 on account of the new
$500, ,000, 900 program to be sub
mitted at a later date.
There are decreases in esti-
mated expenditures under the
agricultural adjustment pro-
gram of $13, 3,667 900; under the
Civilian Conservation Corps of
$4,000, 900; under revolving
funds of $1O1 ,949, 900; under
veterans pensions and benefits
of $1,044, 900, and under regular
supplemental items of $780,
100000.
Deficit and Public Debt-The
estimated net deficit for the fis-
cal year 1910 is 1926, ,343, 200,
or $645,916,000 less than the net
deficit for the current fiscal
year. The gross public debt on
June 80, 1910, is estimated at
$44, 4,457 ,845, ,210.
The Washington times., 1939-01-05
Former Plan Cited

recognized the merit of con-
Structive suggestions of this
nature by recommending in my
last budget message a change
in the method of financing the
requirements of the commodity
credit corporation. This RECON-
mendation provided for an an
nual appraisal of the assets and
liabilities Of the corporation,
and contemplated that any sur
plus from operations or any i'm
pairment of capital resulting
from losses be reflected as re-
ceiptS or expenditures in the an
nual budget.
Under this method the bud
get would be affected, not when
the investment or loan is made,
but in the fiscal year when the
surplus or loss occurs. Congress
approved this recommendation
in the act of March 8, 1888, and
it might well give consideration
to an extension of this principle
to other governmental corpora
tions and credit agencies, such
as:
Agencies under the Farm
Credit Administration, Electric
Home and Farm Authority, Ex-
port-Import Bank of Washing
ton, Farm Security Admins
.tration, Federal Crop Insurance
Corporation, Federal Savings
and Loan Insurance Corpora
ton, Home Owners Loan Cor
poration, Inland Waterways
Corporation. Panama railroad,
reconstruction Finance Cor
poration, Rural Identification
The Washington times., 1939-01-05
Items Listed

There are increases Of $1,046,
900 under the legislative and ju-
dicial establishments; $83, 1885,
900 for the civil departments and
agencies; $685. 900 under the
general Public Works Program;
$28, ,121 900 under the Social Sc
curity act; $74,000,0 900 for interest
on the public debt; $4,510,O00 for
refunds of taxes; and $87, OCT 900
under transfers to trust accounts.
For recovery and relief it is
estimated that $2,266, ,165, 900
will be needed, or 1921 $50, 900
less than the amount required
for this purpose in 1899. Sup
Elemental estimates OF appropri-
ationS will be submitted to
meet the requirements of the
Works Progress Administration,
the National Youth Adrninistra-
and the Farm Security Admin
istration for the fiscal year
1910.
Of the estimated expenditure
OF $2,266, ,165 900 for recovery
and relief purposes, $1,75O,0OO,
600 is the amount estimated for
expenditure by these three
agencies: $469,1 ,165,OO0 by the
Public Works Administration
and various departments from
old balances of emergency
funds, $10,000,000 by the Fed
eral Housing Administration,
and 100000 for reduction in
interest rates on farm mort
cages.
The Washington times., 1939-01-05
Other Applications

Public projects Of a self
liquidating character represent
another class of expenditures
appearing in the annual budget
as current outlays, to which this
principle might also be applied.
For example, outlays for the
Boulder Canyon project amount
ing to more than 120 million
dollars have been included in
annual budgetary expenditures
of the Government, notwith-
standing that the total cost Of
the project, including capital
lied interest during the period
of construction, will be re-
turned to the Government
within so years, with interest.
While I do not advocate that
the Government capitalize all
of it's expenditures for physical
improvements, it seems to me
that such portions of the cost
of public projects as are clearly
self-hquidating should occupy a
separate category in budgetary
reporting. Our financial state
ments, of course, should clearly
reflect, in appropriate classified
tions, the amount of Govern
ment outlays for physical i'm
provements that are not self
liouidating in character.
We must take into account
the necessity for making such
of these and other changes as
will permit the presentation to
the Congress and to the public
of more accurate and in
telligible statements of the
financial operations Of the
Government.
The Washington times., 1939-01-05

which no revenue provision has
yet been made, I think we might
safely consider moderate tax in
creases which would approx
mately meet the increased ex-
penditures on these accounts.
It should be added, however,
that it is my firm conviction
that such new taxes as may be
imposed should be most care
fully selected from the stand
point of avoiding repressive eff
fects upon purchasing power.
Sound progress toward budget
that is formally balanced is not
to be made by heavily slashing
expenditures or drasticaly in
creaSing taxes.
The Washington times., 1939-01-05
Incomes LOWer

The effect of the business re-
ceSsion which began late in 1887
will continue to be felt in in
come-tax collections during the
fiscal year 1910 and such col
lections are expected to be $1S3,-
100000 below those for 1889.
Miscellaneous internal revenue,
on the other hand will increase
$50, 400, 900 over 1889. and pay
roll taxes are expected to be
$90,250,000 higher.
The tax on unjust enrichmen
The Washington times., 1939-01-05

H.N.SJ. The tert of PreSi-
dent RooSeUelt'S budget mes
sage today tolloDS::
To the Congress of the United
States:
Pursuant to provisions Of law,
I transmit herewith the budget
of the United States Govern
ment for the fiscal year ending
June 80, 1910, together with this
message, which is an integral
part thereof. The estimates in
this budget are based upon a
continuation of all taxes now in
force and upon a careful analy-
sis Of the existing obligations
and future needs Of the Govern
ment.
I, therefore, recommend ap-
preparations for the purposes
specifically detailed in the
tables which follow.
THE BUDGET AND THE
NATIONAL INCOME - Taxa
tion yields almost all of the in
come Of the Government, leav-
ing less than S per cent to come
from miscellaneous sources.
Revenue from taxes depends
mainly on two factors: the rate
of taxation and the total Of the
national income.
This holds true not only of
direct taxes on personal and
corporate income but also Of
what are known as ad valorem
taxes or other forms of indi-
rect taxes, for the very good
reason that the volume and
value of goods produced or ar
ticleS imported vary with the
rise or fall of the nations total
income.
We can and do fix the rate of
taxation definitely by law. We
cannot by a simple legislative
act raise the level of national in
come, but our experience in the
last few years has amply dem
onstrated that through wise
fiscal policies and other acts
OF Government we can do much
to stimulate it.
The Washington times., 1939-01-05
National Defense Budget
To Set AII-Time Rcord

N.N.S.O President ROOse-
welt today placed before Con-
gresS q record peacetirne ma
tiOnaI defense budget for the
1910 fiscal year embracing
an increase of 5000 in naval
personnel, new warship con.
structiOn, additions to mill
tary aviation and enlarge
ment Of cOunter-espiOnage
facilities.
Warning that the United
States is faced with grave
and unsettling developments
in the field of International
relations" Mr.. Roosevelt
asked defense appropriations
tOtalling $1,319,55S,OOO, an
The Washington times., 1939-01-05
400 Boston Firms
Hit by Truck Strike

TON. Jan. 5 G.N.SD.
Transportation of produce and
general merchandise was crippled
In Greater Boston today when
S,700 truck drivers and helpers
went on strike for higher wages
and a 40-hour week The walk
out tied up activities of 400 truck
ing companies, but members OF
another trucking union not parti.
cipating in the strike remained
Mt work.
The Washington times., 1939-01-05

increase Of $3O9,S51,OOO over
the current year.
The President will follow
his request with a supple
mental national defense mes
sage to Congress next week
in which he expects to ask
for an additional $500, O,OOO
enlargement of the nations
military strength.
OF the $3O9,351, 600 In
crease contemplated for 194O,
about $1OO,OOO,OOO will be al
located for continuing work
on naval vessels already
under construction. The re.
mainder of this increase will
60 for new projects.
The Washington times., 1939-01-05
Would Punish All

1T is my belief" the President
continued, that improper politi-
cal practices can be eliminated
only by the imposition of rigid
statutory regulations and penal
ties by the Congress, and that
this should be done.
Such penalties should be i'm
posed not only upon persons
within the administrative organ
ization of the Works Progress
Administration, but also upon
outsiders who have in fact in
many instances been the prime
ipal offenders in this regard.
MY only reservation in this
matter is that no legislation
should be enacted which will in
any way deprive workers on the
Works Progress Administration
program of the civil rights to
which they are entitled, in COM
mon with other citizens"