davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1939-10-18
Fighting
Continued From First Page)

pillboxes and minefelds. Before re-
treating it was said, they laid out
mines of their own to impede Ger
man operations.
Behind their new line of defense,
the French have drawn up heavy
tanks in large numbers. French
military men believe these monsters,
designed for use in counterattacks
and liaison work, are the most
powerful weapons of their kind in
the world
They carry crews of at least four
men each, and their armament in
cludes machine guns and smaller
caliber cannons. Heavily armored
and equipped with radio. the tanks
have a maximum speed of about Is
miles per hour
Defense Campaign Seen.
Observers expected that the
French. having withdrawn to appar-
emily strong positions. would content
themselves with waging a defensive
campaign, attempting to inflict as
many losses as possible upon the
Germans while keeping the war off
French soil.
Winter weather was expected
within a few weeks to thwart any
German offensive ambitions on the
western front, while the naval block
ade was relied upon to undermine
German morale during the months
of enforced inactivity ahead
The French meanwhile closely
watched Soviet Russian negotiations
with Finland and Turkey to deter
mine how much of a role Adolf
Hitler is playing behind the scenes.
The French felt the Fuehrer was far
from finished with his peace often
sive."
On the home front, Minister of
Agriculture Henri Queuille ordered
all butcher shops in France closed
on Mondays and banned sale Of
Evening star., 1939-10-18
German Drive Expected
Near Middle of Border

BASEL, Switzerland, Oct. l8 (F).
Rear areas on both sides of the
western front seethed with activity
today in the wake of German
th1usts which Swiss observers be-
lieved were intended to divert at
tention from preparations for a
bigger push.
These observers said the often
sive, when it comes, probably will
be directed against the Wissem-
bourg- Rhine triangle
near the middle of the German
French frontier.
For the third successive day and
night, 1t was reported, the Ger
mans continued to concentrate
troops and offensive material at
Karlsruhe and other points in the
strategic Lauterbourg sector.
The concentration movement was
said to have been in no way af-
fected by assaults which the Ger
mans have been making on the
northeastern end of the front. near
the Moselle River and east of the
Saar.
The French, dispatches indicated,
have been matching the German
concentration with their own REIN
forcements
The Germans were reported to
have assembled large numbers Of
tanks in the first line of the Sieg-
fried Notifications near the Lauter
River. These would be of no use
Evening star., 1939-10-18

Foreign Minister Sukru Saracoglu
left for home shortly after midnight
today. Bands blared and Soviet Of
ficials expressed formal best wishes
for Turkey, but they still were with
out Turkish-R Russian pact.
Tass, the official news agency,
commented that Saracoglu's visit
had provided the occasion for
comprehensive exchange of views"
and said the exchange took place in'
a cordial atmosphere"
The Tass announcement added
that the confereees had decided it
was desirable ito maintain contact
also in the future for joint discus
sion of questions of interest to the
Soviet Union and the Turkish re-
public"
French and British quarters,
which had remained in close contact
with the Turks during the long par
ley here, appeared satisfied at the
turn of events. It was reported that
the British and French desired no
rupture between the Russians and
Turks. The allies were said to fear
that an open break might drive Rus
sia into closer cooperation with
Germany.
A more optimistic attitude toward
the Finnish Russian relations was
apparent in foreign circles. There
was growing hope for peaceful set
tlement of any issues between Rus
sia and Finland, once a Russian
grand duchy.
With the Russian-Turkish talks
halted and negotiations with Fin
land in a state of suspense the
kremlin opened conversations with
a German delegation on the repatri-
alton of German minorities in the
Baltic states and former Polish ter
ritory.
Evening star., 1939-10-18
Russia's Demands
Frowned Upon by
Turkish Minister
Proposals incompatible
With French-British
Pledges, Says Soydom
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
ISTANBUL, Oct. 18.-The pos
sibility Of Soviet Russian pact with
Turkey dimmed today in the wake
Of Prime Minister Refik Saydam's s
assertion that Russian demands had
proved contrary to Turkish policy in
the Dardanelles.
Reporting to a parliamentary
group Of the Republican Peoples
Party, Saydam declared at Ankara
last night that three weeks of dis
cussion In Moscow had proved
fruitless.
The prime minister said that
Russian proposals were contrary to
Turkish security, failed to COM
pensate her for obligations she was
asked to assume and were in
compatible with Turkeys previous
commitments to Great Britain and
France.
He added, however, that despite
the breakdown of negotiations, rela-
tions between Turkey and Russia
remained friendly Tending to con-
firm this statement were dispatches
from Moscow telling of the hearty
sendoff given Turkish Foreign Minis
ter Sukru Saracoglu as he departed
for home.
Meanwhile it was reported that
formal signing of a Turkish pact
with Britain might be expected this
week-possibly Thursday or Friday.
The agreement would find Turkey
and Britain to fight together in
event of war in the Mediterranean.
There is similar agreement with
France, whereby Turkey obtained
the 0O-square mile area of the
Hatay Republic, formerly a part Of
Frances Syrian mandate. This pact
was signed June %. The prelimi-
nary exchange of British Turkish
pledges was made on May IL.
A Turkish military mission has
been in London awaiting the out
come of the Moscow talks.
Saydam's announcement did not
disclose the nature of the Russian
demands TO which he referred. 1t
was widely reported here, however
that the Soviet sought an agreement
to bar all foreign warships save her
own from passage through the
Observation-Disclosures to the Black
Sea.
1t also was reported on good au-
thority that Foreign Minister Sara
coglu had rejected three other Rus
sian proposals-recognit of the
partition of Poland, formation of a
neutral block in the Balkans under
German Russian influence and Rus
sian and Bulgarian expansion at the
expense of Rumania.
At the time the talks in Moscow
were initiated, Turkish officials said
they saw no inconsistency in their
commitments to France and Britain
and pact with Russia, with whom
Turkey has maintained consistently
close relations.
Evening star., 1939-10-18
Pennsylvania Blamed
For River Pact Delay
BY the Associated Press

BY the Associated Press.
PITTSBURGH, Oct. 18.-Pennsyl-
vania was held up today as the
principal stumbling block in the way
of an interstate agreement for puri-
fication OF the Ohio River.
Delegates to a nine-State con-
ference on the Ohio River Valley
water sanitation compact declared
that if this State would cooper
ate the way would be cleared toward
mitigation of the serious menace to
public health caused by discharge of
millions of gallons of sewage and
industrial wastes daily into the
Ohio and its tributaries
Indiana, New York, Illinois, West
Virginia and Ohio have ratified the
pact with Kentucky, Virginia and
Tennessee Legislatures expected to
act at their next sessions A rati-
fication bill passed the Pennsylvania
House at its last session, but died
in a Senate committee.
The conference adopted a resolu-
ton empowering the PENNSYLVANIA
Commission on Interstate Commerce
to name a committee for devising
ways and means of obtaining the
States cooperation in the move
Evening star., 1939-10-18
Satisfaction Over Stand
Voiced by British
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
LONDON, Oct. 18-British salts
faction with the statement Of Tur-
keys Prime Minister on that coun-
try's discussions with Soviet Russia
was described today by a diplomatic
correspondent of Reuters, British
news agency.
He wrote: ut is clear from the
statement that the Soviet govern
ment endeavored to persuade Tur-
keys Foreign Minister Saracoglu
that Turkey as guardian of the
straits CDardanelles) should close
them to all powers. although by the
treaty of Montreux she had agreed
to allow a passage of naval ton
Evening star., 1939-10-18
Balkans Refusing
To Show Favoritism
In War Supplies
Germun Trade Mission
FuiIs to Gain Increase
After Month Of Work
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
BUDAPEST, Oct. 18.-The little
nations Of Southeastern Europe are
maintaining their independent spirit
by refusing to favor any belligerent
country economically, survey indi-
Gated today.
A striking instance Of this inde-
pendence was seen in failure of q
German trade mission to obtain any
great increase in vitality needed war
materials from this section, which
she considers one Of her natural
trade areas.
Experts from Berlin spent more
than a month III the capitals OF
Hungary, Rumania. Bulgaria and
Yugoslavia. They sought oil for the
Nazi war machines and food for Nazi
soldiers, and it was no secret that
they also hoped to close this area as
much as possible to Great Britain
and France by purchasing the bulk
of all the supplies the little nations
could export.
Peacetlme Ratio Kept.
The net result of the missions
strenuous negotiations is that Ger
many is to get no more goods, re"
gardless of her needs, than she did
in peacetime. This is the way things
turned out in the little nations:
YUGOSLAVIA.-A new agreement
leaves the old trade volume UNI
changed but provides that Germany
must greatly increase her shipments
to settle large clearing house deficits
or run the risk of losing Yugoslav
contracts. Statistics just issued show
that Yugoslav exports to Germany
dropped from $23 900 900 in the first
eight months of 1888 to S15,000000
ir similar period this year.
BULGARIA.-The prices Germany
must pay for all goods are raised by
a new agreement which provides
payments largely in oil and the rest
in gold
| Oil Export Unchanged.
| RUMANIA.-The export of oil
greatest need of Germanys mechan-
lied army-ls left unchanged by the
new trade pact, but regardless of the
agreement, statistics from the OIL
producing areas of Rumania indi-
cate decline in shipments to Ger
many because of difficulties of pay
ing for transportation.
HUNGARY-Becau of her new
common frontier with Germany,
Hungary was counted on to ship the
Reich vast quantities of fats, which
are scarce in many parts of Ger
many. But when the German ex-
perts came to Budapest, the ques-
/ ton of payments was raised, for
Germany already owes Hungary
$4,000 600 The German mission
found the Hungarian attitude to be
that trade increases were no good
if the profit was a paper one.
Turkey-Several weeks ago. when
a German trade agreement expired,
Turkey served notice she would not
negotiate a new one.
Evening star., 1939-10-18

beefsteaks on Tuesdays. The rea-
son for the action. he said, was an
over-supply of veal, pork and NUT
ton.
The United States Lines an
nounced, effective Thursday, an in
crease of 1888 per cent in all pass
erger fares from Europe to New
York The same increase previously
had been ordered on all eastbound
fares.
Evening star., 1939-10-18
Berlin Silent on Policy
OF Soviet in Baltic

BERLIN, Oct. 18 LR-Germany
will not move a finger to influence
Soviet Russia's relations with the
Nordic and Baltic states one way
or another, authoritative sources
said today.
They said it was up to these states
to make their own arrangements as
best they can, just as Germany has
made her terms with Russia.
German sources vigorously deny
that Germans have a moral or other
responsibility for the fate of the
Nordic or Baltic states. Germany's
relations with these states, they
point out, have always been cor
rect, normal and decent, but the
Nordic states themselves always in
sisted this relationship must not 60
beyond that point.
Evening star., 1939-10-18

the raids didn't represent a much
more vigorous effort on the part
of the Germans. 1t would almost
seem that the Nazis were pulling
rabbits out. of the hat to astound
the world. without intending to do
much more than that. Had they
employed the much advertised waves
of planes in great numbers the
story might have been a very diff
ferent one.
Evening star., 1939-10-18

mage equal to the strength of the
Russian fleet in the Black Sea.
ut is not known what compensa-
ton was offered to Turkey to vio-
late her signature to the treaty, but
the Turkish government has set a
striking example in her determina-
ton to uphold what is one of the
chief war aims of the allies, name
ly the respect of undertakings free
ly entered into"
Evening star., 1939-10-18
NIGHT Owl

MILWAUKEE, Oct. 18 (P)-Nine
patrons were lined up at a tavern
bar when tenth popped ina large
owl which perched itself on the oar
looked around and, as owls do. said,
Who? Who?"
But nobody was buying, since all
the customers had ducked for cover
and called the police. They took
the wise one to the station.
Evening star., 1939-10-18
Russia Plans to Resume
Talks With Finland

MOSCOW. Oct 18 R,.-Soviet
Russia turned today from her at
least temporarily snagged negotia-
tions with Turkey to preparations
for resumption of talks with Fin
land within the next few days.
After three weeks here Turkish
Evening star., 1939-10-18

for offensive purposes, however, the
Swiss said, until infantry and en-
gineers succeeded in crossing the
Lauter and spanning the rain-swol-
len stream with pontoon bridges.
In this connection the French
noted that pontoons from Austrian
factories which recently passed
through Baden were reported to
have been sent farther north.
Evening star., 1939-10-18

ancient naval training ship Iron
Duke the raids had little material
effect.
What the moral effect may have
been doesn't appear, but the appear
ance of raiders more than once
over naval bases certainly is some
thing to cause the British author
tiles at least to check up on their
defenses.
One still wonders, however, why
Evening star., 1939-10-18
scandinavian
Continued From First Page.)

Gustaf yesterday by the Swedish
National League Of Youth.
Evening star., 1939-10-18

The German air raiads over the
Scapa Flow naval base, in the Ork-
ney Islands just north of Scotland,
were carried out by just few planes
and not by the huge waves of bomb
ers with which the Nazi military
authorities have been threatening
the allies. It would appear that
apart from some damage to the
The Key West citizen., 1939-02-01
ARGUMENT FOR ARMAMENT

The argument for increased Amer
lean armament rests upon the following
grounds:
That there are powerful nations in
the world today, devoid of all sense of de-
ceney in regards to their relations with
other powers.
That regardless of the moral rights
involved, these powers would ruthlessly
take, by force of arms, that which belongs
to other peoples.
That while these powers are not, per-
haps, today ready to attack the United
States, they are preparing for war upon
such scale that tomorrow they may be
anxious to do so in the hope of greater
spoils.
That no nation can wait upon the be-
ginning of hostilities to begin to prepare
for war. 1t requires years to secure the
necessary material and equipment for
modern armies and navies
Facing an uncertain future, not know
ing what group of powers will be domi-
nant in the world few years hence, the
United States, to play safe, must be pre-
pared to defend itself against possible
combination of ruthless and unprincipled
aggressors.
The Key West citizen., 1939-02-01
THE ISLAND CITY
A t re S e n t

KEY VESTS NEEDY are ex-
pected soon to be benefited from
another direction. Aid is to be ex-
tended colored folk by the W.P.A.
Housekeeping Aid Center. Very
few realize the good a social well
fare group does. "Oh, they only
give out some groceries and sparse
words of advice, most people
think. In reality this group is
preaching the sound program of
a balanced diet with the neces-
sary vitamins to insure proper
nutrition. A trip to some of the
poorer districts of the city reveal
woeful lack of vitamin diets.
Cleanliness is also stressed and
this is great help to mothers
who in many cases must support
themselves and children and are
too tifed even to brush a little
with a broom at night. Bodily
cleanliness is also emphasized.
This important problem of Key
West, which can be traced right
back to unemployment, is Key
Vests No. l problem. From lack
of money comes immortality, filth,
disease, crime. Colored folk, in
the city have evinced an interest
in the service of the Aide Cen
ter.
The Key West citizen., 1939-02-01
EXTENDS THANKS
FOR PAMPHLET

Mother Tranquilla, MISC, of
the Missionary Sisters of the
Sacred Heart in New Orleans,
La. has written Rev. A. L. Mau-
reau thanking him for the Cham
Der of Commerce pamphlet he
sent her.
The letter follows:
Many thanks for your card
and most interesting Chamber of
Commerce pamphlet. Just a
glance at the table of contents
is sufficient to entice a person.
Judging from the literature in the
pamphlet, Key West must be an
ideal place in which to live.
The Key West citizen., 1939-02-01
WHO KNOWS?
tSee THE Answer" on Page a
eeseeessseeeeaeseeeessee

l. Is the Mona Lisa" known
by another pane?
2. What was the given name
of Voltaire?
3. What is ''tongue-twister"?
4. What is the world price of
cotton, based on the old gold dol
lar?
5. Who was the Republican
candidate for Vice President in
1886?
6. Is employment in private
industry increasing?
z. Can the Federal Government
tax the salaries of state and local
government employees?
8. What is the population of
Mexico?
8. What was the Block Town
explosion?
10. How large is Guam?
The Key West citizen., 1939-02-01

Congress slashed $15O,OO0,O0O from
the relief bill asked by the President.
That amount can be saved if aliens, chisel.
ers and malingerers are eliminated from
the rolls. At the same time, the bill con-
tains two mitigating provsos; one is that
the President can ask for additional relief
funds if an emergency develops, the other
limits February and March dismissals from
relief rolls to 5 per cent of the total. Fur
ther amendments impose heavy penalties
on relief officials and employees if caught
in taking part in politics. The bill also
bars the use of WPA money to establish
factories in competition with private in
dustry, and bars from the relief rolls all
aliens illegally in this country.
The Key West citizen., 1939-02-01
KEY WEST IN
DAYS GONE BY
Happenings Here Just 10 Years
Ago Today As Taken From
The Files of The Citizen

Sheriff Cleveland Niles has
given until February Is for Mon
roe county automobile owners to
secure 1929 license plates, he an
nounced this morning. The sher-
iff is in receipt of a letter from
Governor Doyle Carlton showing
that this year there will be only
five automobile license inspec-
tors as compared with 19 hereto
fore. The communication states
that these inspectors are to flnc-
ton through the offices of the
sheriffs of the respective counties
and gives the traffic officer the
right to arrest for any violations
of the traffic laws. A number of
people, Sheriff Niles states, have
to him they are unable
to secure their licenses because of
some trivial technicality at the Ii
cense bureau, and hopes the bu-
reau will cooperate with him in
the enforcement of the law in
connection with the sales of the
tags by making efforts to clear
up any little differences so that
those who are ready and want to
buy the tags will do so as soon
as possible.
The Key West citizen., 1939-02-01
T E S T YOU r
KIN OWL ED G E
Can you answer seven OF these
test questions? Turn TO
Page 4 for the answers

l. Name the capital of Missis-
sippi.
2. What is another name for
the Malay Archipelago?
3. How many centimeters are
in one meter?
4. What is the lowest noncom-
missioned rank in the u.
S. Army?
S. Name the large island that
lies to the south of Greece
6. For whom was the State of
Washington named?
7. Who invented the rotary
printing press?
8. Into what river does the
Arkansas river flow?
9. What is the native country
of the bird known as the
emu?
10. Name the author of plain
Tales From the Hills.
The Key West citizen., 1939-02-01
KEY WEST. MANY SAY. does

KEY WEST. MANY SAY. does
not kick" enough about its con-
dition. A notable instance is in
harbor development. Miami,
with harbor that caves in regu-
larly, is always shouting about its
harbor needs. Key West, which
needs mostly PARKWAY develop
ment of the inside waterway and
a little more channel develop
ment to allow larger boats into
certain parts of the inner harbor,
is never heard on the subject.
Calda Channel has a bad obstruc-
ton at its outer mouth, which has
wrecked many small launches.
And although the main ship chan
mel of Key West Island / has! a
depth of 80 feet throughout Gf a
skillful pilot is employed,; boats
at two of the docks find only "a
feet ten inches and "a feet six
inches. Why the U. S. Engineers
do not aid in dredging the inner
harbor to a mean 30-foot depth is
The Key West citizen., 1939-02-01
HELPING KEY VESTS CAUSE

among the SeVefal Candidates VINO
appeared in Key West last year was Pat
Cannon, Miamian seeking the congress
sional seat then about to be vacated by J.
Mark Wilcox. Like all the other candi-
dates Pat Cannon promised the voters of
Key West that if elected, he would do all
he could to help the good people of Key
West. Election day came and went and
Pat Cannon was elected to the office to
which he aspired-and his election was
virtually decided in Monroe county which
gave him humping vote. The people
of the county and city seemed to have
taken great liking TO Pat Cannon.
1t is customary for some candidates to
forget their prediction promises. Pat
Cannon did not forget. He took his seat
in Congress and the first thing the people
Of Key West knew he was championing
the cause of Key West in connection with
the effort to locate a naval seaplane base
in this area. Then, just yesterday, the
wires from Washington carried the infor-
nation that Pat Cannon had announced
there that he would offer an amendment to
the pending Vinson navy base bill author
iZing the mOdernzation of the Key West
navy yard as a reserve submarine base.
That's what might be called a real
service to this community. Pat Cannon
told the newspapermen at Washington
that he was not satisfied with the status of
the Key West naval station as defined in
Admiral Hepburn's report which inspired
the Vinson $65, 100000 navy base measure
now before Congress- Pat Cannon told
the newspapermen that the testimony of
naval officers, offered in previous con-
crosses, indicated the navy would find use
for the Key West navy facilities when the
navy building program, such as that now
under way, was authorized by Congress.
Pat Cannon said he intended to make use
of this previously recorded testimony to
substantiate his request for modernization
of the naval station submarine facilities
here.
In offering it's thanks for this service
to Pat Cannon, The Citizen also wishes to
congratulate the members of the county
commission, the city officials and the Of
ficers of various civic organizations for
their messages of congratulation to our
representative in Congress and for their
efforts to bring about rehabilitation of the
Key West naval station and the military
establishment in this city.
One of the most comprehensive let
ters that has been forwarded to Washing
ton is that sent by William R. Porter, who
has just retired as county commissioner
after 80 years in the public service. Mr.
Porter substantiates Pat Cannon's state
ment to the effect that previously pre-
sented testimony gave Key West prom
inent place in the national defense pro-
gram. Mr. Porter sets forth that during
the World war a distinguished member of
congress said:
ANY plans of the government looking
to national preparedness that do not en-
brace Key West and the Florida Straits
would be, in the judgment of all thinking
people, fatally defective"
So say we all of us-and more power
to Pat Cannon and his fight to restore Key
Vests once important naval station to ac-
tive status
The Key West citizen., 1939-02-01

prison, and after a few small stunts
around some of the west coast cities he
dropped from the front pages and almost
out of sight. People of this day and time
are not much interested in Tom Mooney.
q He is just another ex-convict to lots of peo-
pie, and the longer he stays off the front
page the better it suits us.-The Florida
Advocate. Same here.