davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1939-06-29

An article appeared few days ago
in the peoples column of Twin City
daily. purporting to bring out in a
simple way how great deal of pub
lie and private Indebtedness can be
wiped out in this country. The arti-
Gle follows:
1T was reported the other day that
the grand total of U. S. government
and private debt is about 100 billion
dollars-of which about 40 billion is
Federal government debt.
THE peculiar thing about the debt
total of over 1870 million people is that
the same dollar can be added any,
where from twice to ten times, or
over. For instance, some time ago
Peter borrowed $40 from Paul. Peter
could not pay back right away, so
Paul borrowed $40 from Harry. Harry
borrowed $40 from John, and John
from Jim, until finally 10 men had
borrowed $40 each.
The total indebtedness of this
community of men then was S100.
But look what happened. Peter fin
ally goes to the bank to show that his
prospects are not bad, and explains
to the banker why he wants to bor-
row $40, namely to pay off his $40
of old debt, and to have new $40
of re-financed cash capital to go on.
The banker chuckleS and makes the
$50 loan to Peter
Peter goes out and gives the $40
back to Paul. Paul hands the $40
to Harry, Harry to John, John to
Jim, until finally the same $40 reaches
the tenth lender. He takes a look
at it, owes it to nobody, so he puts
it in the bank.
at all started from an urgent need
of $40, but in the end S10O of indebt-
edness is cleaned up, ending in $40
of bank-loan and rise of $40 in bank
deposits"
This all sounds easy and simple. If
the Indebtedness was between Peter,
Paul, Harry, John, Jim and all 9TH
ers of a like status in the economic
life Of nation, it would be simple.
However, it is not one worker that
is indebted to the other so much, and
II 10 ilOl OlIC 1dllllSI VIII Is llluSDlSu
to another, but the laborers, the farm
ers and others of modest means are
indebted too much to one person rath-
er than the many. In other words,
it is not 10 people or hundred people
who owe one another, but rather the
one hundred who are indebted to the
one wealthy individual. When the
few have too much, the many do not
have enough.
Solving, or at least to some extent
remedying the employment situation,
and proper taxation will do much
toward alleviating the economic stu
alton. The wheels of industry must
be put into motion, and with an atti-
tude of give and take, live and let
live, and desire and determination
to do the right thing, the chances for
a better economic and social life
would be greatly enhanced.
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1939-06-29

There was man who lived by the
side of the road =. and he sold
hot dogs.
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1939-06-29

Well, come to think of it, the Re-
publicans will have to have some
kind of a liberal program so they
might be interested. They might find
one which couldn't bring them so
many votes.
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1939-06-29

He increased his meat and bun
orders. He bought bigger stove
to take care of his trade. He finally
got his son home from college to
help him.
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1939-06-29

one QeSlre IOr prOuC!
Those deaths can be attributed to
selfishness and greed just as surely
as we can charge the sacrifice of life
in the World war to that conflict.
Tom Mooney, Little Minister OF
Peace" as he calls himself, made a
statement recently to the effect that
labor leaders who cannot agree should
be locked up as are juries when at
tempting to arrive at verdict. He
opined that if they are locked up for
that purpose they will certainly ar
rive at some form of agreement. BY
golly, them are my sentiments and
l would add that if they couldn't
agree then, they might be kept locked
up so that the rank and file of labor
could work in peace.
It is learned that Hitler has decided
to wait until after the Nazi congress
in September to call for showdown
on Danzig. Well, how in the dickens
could a fellow decide anything over
there right now with all of royalty
visiting in this country.
Someone wisely said that con-
fidence has great deal to do with
any undertaking :. even unto bust
ness. Lack of confidence has, accord
ing to some authorities, had much to
do with the prolonging of the depres-
sion. The lowly hot dog has come
in for its share of abuse but it is
herewith brought in as an example
of what aids in causing depressions
Next paragraph, please!
There was man who lived by the
side of the road . and he sold
hot dogs.
He was hard of hearing, so he had
no radio.
He had trouble with his eyes, so
he read no newspapers.
But he sold good hot dogs. He put
signs up on the highway, telling how
SOOo tlSy "ClC
He stood on the side of the road
and cried, Buy hot dog, mister?'
and people bought.
He increased his meat and bun
orders. He bought bigger stove
to take care of his trade. He finally
got his son home from college to
help him.
But then something happened. His
son said, Father haven't you been
listening to the radio? Haven't you
been reading the newspapers? There's
big depression on. The European
situation is terrible. The domestic
situation is worse. Everything is
going to pot"
Whereupon the father thought
'Well, my sons been to college, he
reads the newspapers and he listens
to the radio, and he ought to know
So the father cut down on his
tQNCl SlSliS, llO lOllSCI OOtllSl GU
to stand out on the highway to sell
his hot dogs and cut down on
his meat and bun orders =. and his
hot dog sales fell off almost over
night.
"You' re right son." the father said
to his boy. eve certainly are in the
middle of a great depression"
l see where the Townsendites are
considering the formation of a new
national political party. By golly,
winning national election by that
group shouldn't be any more difficult
than getting their pension plan
through. But shucks, if they can't
get the New Deal group interested in
the small sum they're talking about,
who else would be interested in them?
Well, come to think of it, the Re-
publicans will have to have some
kind of a liberal program so they
might be interested. They might find
one which couldn't bring them so
many votes.
From Exchanges
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1939-06-29
| Would Say
By A. w. CONAWAY

By no stretch of the Imagination
can I attribute to the warmakers so
tender thought as would attach
to them the responsibility of the ire
mendous loss of young manhood
which has been sustained in the three
recent submarine disasters.
But you and 1, dear readers, GER
tainly see that there is responsibility
attached to them. Why in the name
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1939-06-29

of common sense must we have peo-
pie swimming the depths of the ocean
like fishes if it isn't because of some
ones desire for profit?
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1939-06-29

Those deaths can be attributed to
selfishness and greed just as surely
as we can charge the sacrifice of life
in the World war to that conflict.
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1939-06-29

It is learned that Hitler has decided
to wait until after the Nazi congress!
in September to call for showdown
on Danzig. Well, how in the dicken:
could a fellow decide anything ovel
there right now with all of royalty
visiting in this country.
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1939-05-25
Convention Plans
Continued from page one)

Continued from page one)
Mrs. Einar Gulbrandson of Albert
Lea, president of the state feder-
alton, whose subject will be ''The
Tomorrow.
Musical numbers will be solos
by Mrs. Victor Anderson of Wal
nut Grove, duets for two pianos
by Phyllis Rudberg of Redwood
Falls and Marvin Berg of Wabas-
SO, vocal solos by Reid Straub of
Tyler and scenes from the life of
Beethoven by members of the
Woman's club here. A drive
through Ramsey park will follow
a short business meeting, during
which officers will be elected.
Plan Massed Chorus
Headlining the evenings pro-
gram, which will follow a $3.50
banquet in the Lincoln auditor
ium, will be Rabbi Albert I.
Gordon of Minneapolis whose adj
dress will be present Day Chal-
lenges to Democracy" Included
also will be songs by a Lamber-
ton male quartet, A. E. Anderson,
Alvor Ronstad, Fred Helgeson and
Ben FredrickSon; the Brown
county chorus, directed by Mrs.
Roger Schmid and the Redwood
county group with Mrs. E. A.
Johnson as leader, will sing. Mrs.
Johnson will also direct a massed
chorus in the singing of "How
Green the Groves, and 'Halle-
lujah Chorus from the Messiah. ("
Jeanne Beckstrand will be the
accompanist
Mrs. C.. w. Michaels of Excel
sior, state institute chairman,
will lead a discussion on club in
stitutes after a presidents break
fast at 7 a. m. Friday at Hotel
Ramsey.
Returning to the auditorium, at
8 a. m. the morning program will
begin with business session
which will include reports of COM
mittee chairmen, presentation of
new officers, an address on "Suc-
cessful Mothers and Their Rela-
tionships to the Community" by
Rev. Godfrey O'SulliVan, songs
by group of Milroy fifth grade
girls, directed by Mrs. Earl Smith,
a Minnesota Artists show by Mrs.
E.. L. Munckler of Bull, state art
chairman assisted by Mrs. F. H.
Anthony of the Twentieth Cent
ury club here and a memory hour
conducted by Mrs. Oscar Heigh
of Worthington, second vice presi-
dent of the district.
Mrs. Gulbrandson, state presi-
dent, will preside at a Grand
mothers club luncheon at Hotel
Ramsey and the afternoons pro-
gram will begin at LAS with
three numbers by the Shook Trio
of Minneapolis. Rolf w. Stage
berg, state parole agent, will talk
on "What Price Retribution." In
cluded also will be three piano
solos by Elizabeth Cruzens, violin
and cello solos by Marian Shook
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1939-05-25
Slot Machines Ousted
Continued from page one)

(1OIlIlIlueu lIOiH page OHe)
devices and all gambling ma
chimes and devices owned and
operated by or in the possession
of any person or persons in Rem
vile county, must be removed and
permanently taken down by Sat-
urday, May the 9th, 1899.
"After the 9th day of May,
1899, any and all slot machines or
gambling devices of any kind or
nature whatsoever, found in the
possession of any persons or in
any place of business, will be con-
fiscated and destroyed, and the
person or persons in whose pos
session such slot machines, pin
ball machines or gambling devices
are found, will be made emenable
to the law pertaining thereto upon
written complaint filed in this Of
flee. The sheriff's office has a
copy of this order and will follow
it up, Selling and destroying any
and all slot machines, pinball ma
chimes, or any gambling devices
whatsoever found being used or
operated in any place of business
in Renville county after May the
9th 1899.
''This Order applies to all gam
bling devices or machines of any
kind or nature, regardless of
whether the same has been per-
mitted to operate under a license
by the council of any municipality
in the county.
Dated at Bird Island, Minneso-
ia, this 22nd day of May, 1899.
RUSSELL l.. FRAZEE,
County Attorney"
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1939-05-25
News of4-H
99ebczuBs

Oak Grove All club was re-
presented by nine members at the
Delhi Presbyterian church Sun
day in observance of National All
Sunday. One 4-H'er who takes
part in club work individually
joined the group. Rev. Hender-
sons sermon was especially ap-
propriate for the occasion. Two
All boys acted as ushers and
three others took up the offering.
All members of the Busy Bees
Ali club met with other county
All girls at meeting in the
court house Saturday afternoon.
Amy Vessel, club agent gave "a
talk on clothing and those attend
ing had their pictures taken on
the court house lawn, according
to a report by the club reporter
Ruth jacobson. The Busy Bees
with the Oak Grove group from
Swedes Forest observed All Sun
day at the Presbyterian church at
Delhi.
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1939-05-25
$40 In County Take
Wheat Insurance

Redwood county farmers were
issued $40 policies on the 1899
wheat crop about 1000 acres, by
the Federal Crop Insurance cor
poration through May IL, accord
ing to a report by Charles w.
Stickney, chairman of the Min
nesota AAA committee. The states
total was 8,100 policies.
Both spring and winter wheat
grown in all sections of the state
and under various conditions are
covered by insurance under the
plan," Stickney said. SIN its first
year of operation the number of
policies in force will give farm
ers a chance to see how crop in
surance protects their wheat in
come"
The chairman pointed out that
approximately 100000 acres of
wheat in Minnesota were insured.
Wheat growers could apply for
either so or IS per cent coverage
on their average yield. Insurance
protects them against all unavoid-
able, risks such as drouth, flood,
hail, disease and grasshoppers. A
total of 10000 farmers in 80
states have taken out insurance.
More than 80 per cent of the
policies insure rs per cent of the
average yield.
Stickney already has received
reports stating that growers eX-
perienced a partial or complete
loss. Most of the losses were on
winter wheat acreages, but a
number of spring wheat growers
report damage.
Where crop is only partially
damaged, no loss adjustment will
be made by the corporation until
after harvest. Where the loss of
wheat paintings is complete, adj
justment will be made as soon as
possible to allow the grower to
make other use of his land.
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1939-05-25
Authorities Seek
Window Breakers

Vandals who broke three wiz
dows in the district los school
house near Clements during the
weekend are being sought by
Sheriff l.. j. Kise. A rock was
through the glass.
Dolores Rams, teacher, discov-
cred the wreckage when she
opened the school Monday morn
ing. There had been no attempt
to enter the building.
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1939-05-25
PLANE HAS LANDING GEAR
FOR ANY OCCASION

Wichita, Kas.- Up = Landing
conditions will have to be pretty
, unusual before this plane has
anything but happy landings:
|, 1t has three types of landing
wheels. Plus pontoons for water.
Plus skis for snow and ice.
It's being built by a Wichita
plane manufacturer for a Cana
dian customer.
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1939-05-25
ENGLISH AIR HOSTESSES
GET .PRIMP UP ORDERS

Amsterdam-(P)- Air-hoStesS-
.es of the Royal Dutch Airllnes-
kim. planes have been instruct
ed by the management to have a
well-groomed and ladylike APP
pearance.
They were told that the face
should be well cared for, moo
crate use of rouge and lipstlck
was recommended, hands should
be manicured and nail varnish De
white or nature-colored only.
Shoes should have heels one
and a half to two inches high.
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1939-05-25
May % June l 8
ORDER FOR HEARING ON PETI-
TION FOR ADMINISTRATIVE


ORDER FOR HEARING ON PETI-
TIoN FOR ADMINISTRATION,
LIMITING TIME TO FILE CLAIMS
AND FOR HEARING THEREON.
State of Minnesota, County of Red
wood S. In Probate Court
In Re Estate of Otto Meier Decd
ent
Minnie Meier having filed herein a
petition for general administration
stating that said decedent died inte-
state and praying that she, Minnie
Meier be appointed administrator;
1T is ORDERED, That the hearing
thereof be had on June 10th, 1899. at
ten o'clock a. M. before this Court
in the probate court room in the
court house in Redwood Falls, Min
nesota that the time within which
creditors of said decedent may file
their claims be limited to four months
from the date hereof, and that the
claims so filed be heard on October
fore this Court in the probate court
room in the court house in Redwood
Falls, Minnesota, and that notice
hereof be given by publication of this
order in the Redwood Gazette and by
mailed notice as provided by law.
Dated May oath, 1899.
court SeaD
ROBERT v. OCHS,
Probate Judge.
GEORGE A. BARNES,
Attorney for Petitioner.
Redwood Falls, Minnesota. 48-3ts
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1939-05-25
RADIO IN ASIA

Rangoon = R) = T x. Tseng,
Chinese foreign vice-minister, and
Hsieh Fungcheng, envoy of the
communications department, are
in Burma arranging for wireless
communications between Rangoon
and Chinese points.
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1939-05-25
Sentenced at Olivia

Found guilty of using a truck
without the owners permission,
Henry Eastman of North Red
wood was given an indeterminate
sentence in the st. Cloud re-
formatory after trial before a
Renville county district court jury
last week. John Fossland pleaded
guilty to assaulting young
woman at a Fairfax hotel and re-
ceived a sentence of six years at
Saltwater.
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1939-05-25

and Esther Haggquist and a sec
ond appearance of the trio which
will use at its closing numbers,
sLiebestraum" and the pastel
Minuet." Resolutions, invitation
and credentials committees will
report before adjournment.
The public in invited to all the
meetings and is especially urged
to attend the Thursday evening
program at which Rabbi Gordon
will speak.
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1939-05-25
MAY 25-June 1-S)
ORDER FOR HEARING ON FINAL
ACCOUNT AND FOR DISTRiBU-

TON.
Estate of Helen Lechner
State of Minnesota. County of Red
wood, IS. IN PROBATE COURT
In the Matter of the Estate of Hell
en- Lechner, Decedent;
The State of Minnesota to all per-
sons interested in the final account
and distribution of the estate of said
decedent: The representatives of the
above named. decedent, having filed
in this court their final account of
the administration of the estate of
said decedent together with their
petition praying for the adjnstme IT
and allowance of said final account
and for distribution of the residue of
said estate to the persons thereunto
entitled.
THEREFORE, YOU, AND EACH
OF YOU, are hereby cited and re-
quired to show cause, if any you have,
before this court at the Probate
Court Rooms in the Court House in
the City of Redwood Falls, in the
sofa. on the fifth day of July 1899,
at 10 o'clock a. M, why said petition
should not be granted
Let this order be served by publica-
ton thereof in the Redwood Gazette
according to law.
WITNESS, the Judge of said Court,
and the Seal of said Court, this oath
day of May, 1899.
ROBERT ". OCHSia
tCourt SeaD Probate Judge.
Thos. F. Reed, Jr.,
Attorney for Petitioner. 48-3ts
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1939-05-25
WELCOMING BELLS

Sydney, N. S. W.-(P)-Chimes
of a carlton soon may welcome
ships entering Sydney harbor. W..
N. Nolan, Sydney dentist, left the
residue of his estate to erect the
carlton at the harbor entrance.
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1939-05-25
SAINTS WIN 14-9

Paxton - Two Redwood Falls
teams played here Wednesday
night, st. GATHERINGS team de-
feating the va ten IA to 9. The
Morgan Juniors outscored the
Paxton Juniors 10 to g.
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1939-05-25
FARM MACHINERY

FOR SALE-One used Model tCC'
Case Tractor ON tires; One INC
Power Corn Shelter; One 28-inch
Case Thresher. All priced to sell.
Also reduced prices on One Min
ute washing machines. Kruse-
mark and Palmer, Tel. 482, Red
wood Falls. AL
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1939-05-25

SMASH-BANG-WOW - Down
go chick prices. AA chicks as
low as $500 per 100. Triple A
little higher. Remember we
guarantee our chicks and hatch
cry free from all poultry and
chick diseases. Hatches every
Monday and Thursday. Get some
of our Triple A chicks for build
ing up your flock. Custom Hatch
ing taken in any day of the week.
Remedies on hand at all times.
We have the famous DR.. Salisbury
Chick Remedies. Try some of it.
Minnesota Hatcery, Revere, Min
neSota. 48-tf
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1939-05-25
ROPE TRICK. TELEVISED

London = Up Champion spa
ghetti-eater of London is Natalie
Manzi, whose dexterity with the
rope delicacy was televised for
the benefit and amusement Of
those less deXterouS.
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1939-05-25
Luxury For CAT

Edinburgh-(P) = ''Desiree" is
the name of cat in an Edin-
burgh nursing home whose COM
fort has been assured through a
$4,000 bequest left by Miss Ganet
Bell.
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1939-05-25

OF INTEREST TO POULTRY
RAISERS = Have installed new
modern machine for cracking any
kind of grain like wheat, corn,
barley and hulled oats. Any size
for baby chick up to old hens.
Our new process removes all
meal and chaff without waste.
Give us trial and be convinced.
Paul Voss & Son, Redwood Mill
ing Co., 48-2
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1939-05-25
POULTRY

SPECIALIZE weeks old white
leghorn pullets now $50 hundred.
Larger type. Also weeks old
June delivery $25 per hundred.
Kruger Poultry Farms, North
Branch, Minnesota. 48-2
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1939-05-25

FOR SALE = Registered Muley
white faced bull, months old.
One Red Shorthorn cow, fresh 3
months. A. L. Britton, Telephone
308, Redwood Falls. 48p
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1939-05-25

FOR SALE-One used F-20 Nc
Cormick-Deering rubber front
with cultivator. Bargain. Olson
Service, Lamberton. 48p
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1939-05-25

BABY CHICK PRICES RE-
DUCED-Final price reduction on
Baby Chicks. Heavy and light
breeds are now $3.50 per 100.
Heavy mixed at $500. Order your
chicks now. Springfield Chick
Hatchery. Alt
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1939-05-25

WANTED TO BUY-Gentle rid
ing ponies around 800 or 900 lbs
Write r care of Gazette. 48-tf
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1939-05-25

Front tenders of an English
mans car are wings" the rear
tenders are "mudguards."
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1939-05-25
HORSES, LIVESTOCK

FOR SALE-Red Poll bulls to
IL months old. Bangs tested. c.
w. CORES, Wanda, MINI. 47-2p
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1939-05-25
EMPLOYMENT
LOST and FOUND

LOST-One sack of wool on the
road between highway II and the
Art McCordell farm, 21a miles
south. Will give just reward to
the finder or for any information
as to who picked it up. Call John
Stoutland, Redwood Falls or call
Gazette office. Asp
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1939-05-25

WANTED-Cattle to pasture. Ar
lie Petersen, Delhi, MINI. Asp
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1939-05-25

FOR SALE = 1884 Oldsmobile
sedan, with hot water heater. In
good condition. Will sacrifice for
quick sale. Call SOL, Redwood
Falls. 45-tf
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1939-05-25

SAVE your baby chicks and
chickens with our COCCIDIOS-
SIS POWDER used in drinking
water. Guarantee satisfaction, soc
or $1.00 boxes. Mail order. We
pay postage. Bulowski Drug
Store, Marshall, MINI. 45-3
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1939-05-25

FOUND - Pair of gold trimmed
glasses Owner may have same by
identification and paying for ad
lat Gazette office. 1t
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1939-05-25

FOR SALE-240 acres, good land,
has buildings. $4,000. Terms.
See Duea Insurance Agency,
Redwood Falls. 46-<f
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1939-05-25

FARM LOANS-are snow avail
able at 4A% on conservative
loans. The State Bank of Red
wood Falls. 43-ti
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1939-05-25

ORDER YOUR BABY CHICKS
NOW. Call Art Arndt, corner of
Washington and Wyoming street,
Redwood Falls, Tel. 361. 45-tf