davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1939-05-27
Dwarf Foreground Flowers
Enhance Garden Beauty

shaped blue and scarlet flowers. 1t
likes a sunny place and blooms
freely, making a delightful edging
plant.
Virginia stock, a dainty little plant
in pink and rose shares, makes a
great sheet of bloom but its chief
weakness is that its season of bloom
is rather short.
Gilia tricolor is another rare and
handsome little edging plant. Its
tiny cups produced in great profu-
sion are pale lilac, shading to yellow
I in the center with five purple spots.
1t grows only inches tall.
A tiny marigold. Tagetes signata
pumila, bearing myriads OF brilliant
orange flowers above fernlike sweet
scented foliage, is handsome bor-
der plant making a solid miniature
| Towering hedge.
For colored foliage, the Golden
Ball feverfew gives brilliant effect
with the dusty millers for gray con-
trasts. The tufted pansies or bed
ding violas are used lavishly in Eng
lish gardens as edging plants or car
peting plants and are coming into
great popularity here.
Evening star., 1939-05-27
Geraniums Grow
Best in Heavy
Tight Soils

When warm weather is assured
the geraniums can be planted
outdoors. In every section of the
country they are popular as bedding
plants. Their magnificent trusses
Of single, semi-double or fully dou-
BILE flowers, atop wealth of bright
green decorative foliage, never fail
to gain appreciation for this plant
For all this geraniums demand lit
tie. Their continuous bloom devel-
ops profusely when they are planted
in poor, tight soil.
Most plants demand a well-pre-
pared, loosely made soil, which has
been enriched to the point of maxi
mum, food concentration. Gerani-
msc,on the other hand, grow bet
ter in heavy, tight soils. such as
sticky clay, than they do in the
best of prepared soils Watering is
also a point in which they differ
from the general run Of plants.
Geraniums should be watered only
when the soil in which they are
growing is definitely dry and just at
the point where it is ready to be-
come hard as rock. Then water
should be applied, but do a thorough
job and do not be satisfied with
surface watering. Water must pen
citrate to depth of at least 6
inches.
The ability to grow and shame
us, despite seeming neglect, has
made the geranium flower of first
rank for window boxes. Here the
beautiful whites, rose, salmon pink
red and crimson blooms develop de-
spite neglect and the beating ravs
of MONDAY sun.
Evening star., 1939-05-27

bears a small comb, and this
makes this celosia excellent cut
flower material. Dries we'll for
winter use. Foliage is very at
tractive, too.
Marigold. GOLDEN GLOW. Odor-
less foliage Flowers strongly re-
semble in color and form the old
favorite Rudbeckia, commonly
called Golden Glow"
Petunia, APPLE BLOSSOM. A Jap
anese variety with very double and
frilled blooms; pink. Is a real
addition to the garden.
Scabiosa, BLUE MOON. Flowers
are lavender-blue, large and bee
hive shaped, without the pin -cush-
ion effect so common in scabiosas.
Zinnia, WHITE LIGHT. Fantasy
type. AS near a white zinnia as
has been produced to date and will
be liked by all who like the Fan
tasy zinnias.
Evening star., 1939-05-27

Free use of small flowered, dwarf
growing, free blooming ANIMALS as
edgings adds much to the attrac-
tiveness OF the flower garden or bor-
der.
OF these plants the sweet alyssum
is deservedly the most popular, for
it's snowy sheets of sweet-scented
flowers are constant delight.
Dwarf ageratums and lobelias make
bushy plants covered with blue -lav-
ender flowers which combine with
all other colors and enhance their
beauty. The English daisies (bellis
pernnis) are double flowers of white,
red and pink borne on bushy 8-inch
plants.
The dainty blue, rose and white
daisies of the Swan River Daisy are
material for a beautiful border for
most robust plants and this little
annual is deserving Of wider use.
The dwarf candytufts are rivals of
the alyssum for snowy whiteness as
well as giving beautiful shades of
lilac and carmine.
Anagallis or pimpernell is q
spreading plant which bears star
Evening star., 1939-05-27
Shade and Soil Problems
Attend the Creation Of
Garden in the Woods
Study of Wild Plants in Their
Natural Habitat Helps One
To Understand Their Needs
BY GLADYS MOON.

When the city bringing
CIVILIZATION OF sewer and gas pipe, what do?
Build home
That what Mr. and Mrs Vernon
Richard followed out nest at the of their
mao been way out in the country and built
trees No problems
nave chaterng singing birds bremphng
harmless little snakes and andcapng problems
years work the worst Of the steep slopes clay granite
wichuaana
latter blooming in profuson of luscious
Will companoned
Nothing but these
Because the house is set down hi
what can be done with the clay bank
kitchen and dining windows? The Richards everything
roots OF the
logs horizontally the with spikes
and wcke At last they had Richard
Evening star., 1939-05-27
What Does the Average Person Mean When He Says Just Iris
Classification Does Not
Seem to Include Even
inexpensive Species
Such a Generalization Would
Give Rise to Suspicion That
Some Growers Lack Interest
BY w. H. YOUNGMAN.

What kind of iris grow?
ust iris this another
them? they
course,
mtroduion garden
they mean?
Take San Francisco giant bluewhch
cornfoWe
yeloWS
earlier
cheap
through the color continue picking fine Towering
that hold their
Evening star., 1939-05-27

UOi0 MedaI award.
Red morning glory, SCARLETT
OHARA. Its 3l2-inch wine-red
flowers appear early and plants
will bloom until frost. Has un-
usual foliage that adds much to
the appearance of the plant
Flowers remain open longer than
is the case with other morning
glories.
Silver Medal Awards.
Aster, EARLY GIANT WILT-RE-
SISTANT LIGHT BLUE. Disease
resistant China aster, large shag-
gy flowers of light lavender blue.
Curled petals. Excellent keeper
as cut flower. Early bloomer.
Annualhollyhock, INDIAN SPRING.
A new strain of annual Towering
hollyhocks that will bloom five
months from time seed is sown.
This quality, together with its
beautifully fringed blooms Of a
lovely shade of pink and Its
dwarfness, point toward extreme
popularity for this introduction.
Petunia HOLLYWOOD STAR. Dis
tinctive. star-shaped flowers of
deep pink. white creamy throat.
Foliage is very different from most
petunias. Compact, dwarf, blooms
right up to frost.
Phlox Drummondi, SALMO N
GLORY. Rich salmon pink with
cream-white eye. Has very large
fiorets, which give immense clus-
ters. Long blooming season.
Bronze Medal Awards.
Antirrhinum. UINEA GOLD.
Dwarf and bushy, flower spikes
compact. long season of bloom.
Cynoglossum. PERMANENT. Dwarf
free-blooming, long season of
bloom. Flowers are bright indigo
blue.
Marigold, EARLY HINE
Lemon-yellow blooms that resem-
BILE pompon chrysanthemums
This variety is an early Dixie Sun
shine, blooming a month earlier
than Dixie Sunshine and thus
overcoming Dixie SunShlne'S fault
of late maturity, particularly in
the North.
Petunia, LADYBIRD. A brilliant
pink, SO deep as to be called red
by some observers. Recommended
for its outstanding color and
dwarf, compact habit.
Petunio, VELVET BALL. A dwarf
mahogany red.
Verbena, BLUE SENTINEL. Plants
are dwarf, compact and erect
growing, so that they do not break
apart and appear bare in the CEN
ter. Flower heads are round, deep
and well-formed, the individual
florets being very large. Navy
blue self-color. Holds its color
we'll. Pleasing fragrance.
Honorable Mention.
Cockscomb, ROYAL VELVET. In
Stead of one large con1h oach cfepo
Evening star., 1939-05-27

some attention to cultivation. I
have never had any success when
the grass and weeds crowded them.
Cultural requirements of iris are
relatively simple and should not de-
ter any one from having these color
full, fragrant flowers in their gardens
unless it is because of shade. Iris
do need Sunlight-at least a good
half of the day. They cannot stand
being in damp, wet place. But
even If your garden is damp and wet
it is easy to raise bed a few inches
to provide the necessary drainage.
usually plant my iris on a slight
ridge even though the soil is well
drained. But before talking of plant
ing let us consider soil preparation.
First of all. the question of soil acid
ity. Iris do not require sweet soil,
but they cannot thrive in one that
is exceedingly acid. A number of
iris specialists recommend that the
soil be slightly acid. and admit that
the rainbow flower" will grow in
soils that range from medium acid
to quite alkaline.
II the soil is rather poor a gener-
Gus supply of very well-rotted ma
nure and bone meal, or compost and
bone meal may be placed in a
trench. This should be covered with
or 5 inches of clean soil upon
which the iris shoots are planted.
Avoid any plant food that contains
more than a very small percentage
of nitrogen.
Tuck Feeder Roots
Into Soil.
Tuck the old feeder roots we'll
down into the soil and cover the
rhlzome with more soil to helm
anchor the plant until the roots
become established. The rhizome.
however, will soon be on top of the
ground, but do not let this cause
concern, for that is the wav they
grow. Either before planting or
after cut back the top at least half
Iris can be transplanted ANYTIME
from the first of June until frost.
Right after the Towering season is
past is best, since that gives new
| plants ample time to become estab-
lshed. Plants set out late in the
summer seldom flower the following
| spring, while roots set out in June
normally flower the next spring.
The list of varieties. as mentioned
above, is endless. New varieties of
iris are easily raised from seed and
a great many gardeners are con-
Stantly at work trying to produce
newer and finer flowers. Every
gardener has his or her preference
as to varieties-hence it is best
to visit local gardens and see the
varieties being grown. Select va
rietles for color. form, fragrance
and substance. The range of colors
and shades are endless and the
gardener should be guided by his
likes and dislikeS. In form, how
ever, it is well to choose varieties
having the flowers well placed on
the Towering stalk.
An iris is delicate flower at
best, but there are some varieties
that have more substance to the
petals than others and hence have
greater lasting qualities And don't
overlook the fragrance. There is
a wide variation in the fragrance
Of the different varieties. Some
have delicate fragrance that is
pleasing to all, while in others it
is so heavy that it is Objectionable
to some.
Evening star., 1939-05-27
Leaves From
The Garden
Notebook
Examine Shrub and
Flower Border to
Note Deficiencies

The recent dry spell" calls to mind
few remarks heard about the gar
dener who liked to sit and exercise
the garden hose each evening. FIRE.
quent sprinkling is of little value
and is often harmful to plants. 1t is
far better to thoroughly soak the
lawn or flower beds at intervals of
a week or 10 days. When applying
the water let it run on slowly SO
that it can penetrate the soil to q
depth of or 8 inches.
Some gardeners buy new or differ
ent plants whenever given the op-
portunity. That practice, however
seldom helps to take care Of def
ciencies in the borders. 1t Is better
to critically examine the flower and
shrub borders at intervals to note
how complete, how satisfactory In
appearance and color, and If there
is an adequate supply of cutting ma
terial. This applies to the shrub bor-
der as well as to the flower border.
One border noted recently had
several kinds of blue flowers but
nothing else. The blue flowers
needed other colors, especially some
white kinds for contrast.
Noting the deficiencies, it is an easy
matter to select the right kinds to
improve the appearance and the
usefulness of the borders.
In these days of high-powered
salesmanship, it is we'll to visit other
gardens and the flower shows to see
how the newer varieties compare
with the older ones and how they
grow in local gardens. This is espe-
cially true of roses. Many new va
rieties are offered to the gardener
each year. 1t is no exaggeration te
say that some of them will not prove
successful here. To avoid disap.
pointment then it is we'll to look
about before buying. The spring
rose shows and the gardens of our
friends are always worth seeing
Make notes of the varieties which are
outstanding as to.vigor, disease re-
sistance, colors, etc.
If your yard is too shady for the
tall-bearded iris (German) then you
might try japanese iris. While the
"Japs" are not considered to be
shade-loving, they will tolerate con-
siderable shade. Their require
ments are almost the opposite Of
their earlier blooming relatives
While the tall-bearded iris like 8
well-drained' fairly sweet soil with
no manure, the Japanese need mois.
ture and thrives in a well-manured
soil. The Japanese iris bloom ir
June and July. so it may be desir-
able to add them to your collection
to prolong the iris season.
The Camassia, or Quamash, Is
rarely seen in local gardens and YET
it Is a hardy, free Towering dubious
plant of easy culture. The dwarf
form, c. esculenta is suitable for the
rock garden. The others, C. leichtlini
and c. quamash, are taller, growing
2 to 8 feet. Their bulbs should be
planted 3 or 4 inches apart in groups
OF 6 to IL. The colors vary some
what, but in general they can be
said to come in white and shades OF
blue.
Evening star., 1939-05-27
Definition of
Terms Used
For Iris
Names Are Taken
From Botany, but
Forgotten Often

To the uninitiated the terminoloev
used in describing flowers often
sounds like Greek until one hears
the terms defined. For the most
part the names used are taken from
botany, but few of us remember our
high school courses that well.
The terms used in describing the
flower Of the iris include standards,
falls, beard and haft. The stand
ards are the three upper petals
which usually form a dome; some
times these petals do not touch.
Good form DEGREES that thev come
together, however, and form a firm.
closed arch.
The three lower petals are termed
the falls" In some varieties the
falls stand out in a horizontal plane.
Among many of the older varieties
the falls grew straight down and,
IN some cases, Rugged the stem. To-
day the fashion has it that the falls
flare out, but not quite in hori-
zontal plane.
The beard is the term applied to
the hairs on the falls, which often
times add materially to the appear
ance of the flower. Especially is this
true Of the yellow beard on white
and on blue varieties. Usually the
beard is quite Snowy.
The haft is that part of the falls
which forms the center of the flower.
1t often has distinctive markings
usually veinous. The haft of the
petals may be narrow or wide, al
though wide haft is considered the
better form.
Color terminology of the iris is
even more confusing to the begin
ner than the parts of the flower. The
show schedules list self, blend, bi-
color, variegata, amoena and plicata
color groups. A self-colored variety
is one having the same color on both
the standards and the falls. A blend
is a combination of two or more
colors, while bi-color is a variety
having two colors. A variegata has
yellow standards with red or brown
falls. A plicata was formerly thought
of as white with a blue or purple
margin, but today we have plicatas
with a yellow ground color and the
edging brown or lavender.
The texture of flower refers to
the sheen or finish of the petals
Some have the appearance of crepe
paper, while others appear waxy
Texture and substance are usually
mentioned together. The substance
relates to the thickness or weight Of
the petals. A flower of good sub
stance, therefore, should be more
resistant to wind and rain damage
A flower of light substance is hard
to handle, as the petals are easily
injured.
Evening star., 1939-05-27
Why Results
OF Sowing
Are Poor
Fault May Lie With
Gardener and Not
Quality of Seeds

Oftentimes we blame seeds for
failure to germinate and make
proper growth after termination,
when in reality it is not the quality
of the seeds that is at fault, but
the gardener himself.
A prominent seed firm gives the
following reasons for failure of seeds
to come up: (These include failure
to germinate and also cases where
the seed terminates but the tiny
Seeding dies before it appears above
groundD
l. Seed may be covered too deep.
2. The weather may be too hot
8. The seed bed may contain too
little moisture. (Moisture is
commonly the limiting factor in
the termination of seeds Too
much moisture is just as harm
full, perhaps more so, than q
lack of moisture Too much
moisture tends to increase the
possibility of rot and "damping-
off" of seedlings that have
started growthD
4. A hard crust may have formed
on top of the soil which pre-
vents the tiny plants from
bursting through after germi-
nation takes place.
3. Mice, birds or insects may de-
YOUR the seeds or tiny young
plants.
Another reason that young plants
do not thrive, even after they have
terminated and made reasonable
growth above the surface, is that
there may be an inadequate supply
of complete, balanced available
plant food in the soil. In preparing
all seed beds, whether for flower or
vegetable seeds, apply evenly to the
surface of the prepared seed bed
one rounded tablespoonful of COM
plete plant food per square foot of
space equal to an application of
four pounds per 100 square feet for
large areas. Work this well into
the surface soil before sowing the
seed. If convenient, it is best to dc
this day or so before the seed is
sown, but if the plant food is well
mixed with the soil, there is nc
harm in sowing the seed the same
day the plant food is applied.
Evening star., 1939-05-27
Perennial Seeds

Sterilizing the soil before planting
seeds Of slow growing perennials is
good garden practice. In unsteril-
lied soil weeds often smother the
seedlings before they get started.
Evening star., 1939-05-27
Planting Azaleas

When you plant the Easter aza-
leas remember that they will do
well In sun or shade. If planted
In the shade, however, the flower
ing season is materially longer than
when they are planted in full sun
Evening star., 1939-05-27

Recently I thumbed through the
catalog of an iris specialist who an
nually lists the 100 best varieties
according to his appraisaD. OF
the 100 varieties listed, I am sure
that more than 25 of them can be
purchased at 25 cents each or less.
So if you want to grow Just iris"
grow good ones.
While the above relate to iris va
rieties, I sometimes wonder if one of
the reasons for having Just iris"
may not be due to failure to give
Evening star., 1939-05-27
uick.Growing Flower

The quickest annual flower to
bloom is leptosyne stillmanii, which
will bear flowers in five weeks from
seed. The plant grows 18 inches
tall and the flowers are yellow
daisies, borne for long season.
Evening star., 1939-05-27
BY MARGARET NOVEL;.

This week is iris time The delicate
slender bladike leaf
syzed
"
The sketch shows blue
bud with white These
lain bowl with low straight sides Nothing should break the
of
serve the double of accenng
the base OF the stems the holder One golden pansy
added to this for color -' -
Evening star., 1939-05-27
When to Spray

Spraying to protect your garden
should begin before insect or fun
gus damage is apparent. After the
damage is done it is too late. You
can count on the same enemies that
attacked the garden last year.
Evening star., 1939-05-27
All>America Selections
Brief Sketches of Flowers That
Received Awards in 1899
BY THE MASTER GARDENER.

The catalogues proudly
all America selections of flowers
beauties
Evening star., 1939-05-27
GardenCiub
Activities
Listed
Over Two Hundred
Flower Entries
In First Show
BY FRANCESA MCKINNEY.

The Neighborhood Garden Club
of Gaithersburg Washington Grove
held its first annual flower show in
the firehouse on Tuesday with 48 ex-
hibitors and over 200 entries. Mrs
J. P. Engle was the winner of the
sweepstake prize, with Mrs. Edwin
Frye and Mrs. Lewis Reed tieing
for second place.
Following members were in charge
Of the show: Mrs. Sprigg Ward
chairman of general arrangements
Mrs. Lewis Reed. co-chairman: Mrs
Lawson King. staging; Mrs. w. D
Robertson. entries: Mrs. Yates Bar
Der, classiication: Mrs. Merle Jacobs
publicity, and Mrs Henry Becraft
refreshments.
Annual plant exchange sale of the
Takoma Horticultural Club will be
held at the home of Mrs Henry E
Ewing. 228 Willow avenue, Takoma
Park, Md, chairman of the sale, to-
day from 8 o'clock in the morning
until 8 o'clock this evening
Members of the Exchange Com
mittee include Mrs. Albert F. Lingle
vice chairman: Mrs. Ivan H. Rich
mond, Mrs. Joseph Sazama. Miss
Mae Simpson and Miss Agnes
Carleton.
DR.. Whiteman Cross famous rose
garden will be the scene of the rose
fete, to be held for the benefit oi
the Potomac Rose Society this aft
ernoon and tomorrow afternoon
This garden, at 101 East Kirke street
Chevy Chase, Md, will be open tt
the public on both days from 2 unit
o'clock.
Among the new rose varieties
produced by DR.. Cross in this gar
den, to be on display for the first
time, is ''Nanjemoy," which won the
gold medal certificate of the Ameri-
can Rose Society in 1928; THE Hon.
orable Lady Lindsay" and Chevy
Chase" the striking new climbing
variety, which will be introduced
next year on a country wide basis.
At 4 o'clock on both afternoon,
demonstration of how rose hybrid
izing will be given. Guides also are
provided to enable visitors to be-
come familiar with the many fine
varieties in this large garden.
DR.. Cross was the founder of the
Potomac Rose Society, which ha:
done so much to further the cause
of the rose in this area, and Is now
its honorary president.
Mrs. Cross is serving her seconc
term as president of the society
Home gardeners and flower lover.
are invited to attend the rose fete
Admission will be so cents.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1939-10-17
eeessesssssossssssesssse
Today's Birthdays

Rear Admiral Christian j. Peo-
pies, director of the Procurement
Division of the Treasury Dept,
born in Iowa, SO years ago.
Judge William c. Coleman of
the U. S. District Court of Bal
timore, born at Louisville, KY,
So years ago.
James r. Garfield of Cleveland,
ex-secretary of the interior. son
of President, born at Hiram
Ohio, "a years ago.
DIR. James S. Montgomery
Me. clergyman, chaplain of the
US. House of Representatives
born at Mt. Carmel, Ind. rs
years ago.
DR.. David A Robertson, presi-
dent of Goucher College, Balti-
more, born in Chicago, SO years
ago.
Prof. Edwin Borchard of Yale,
noted teacher of law, born in
New York. SIS years ago.
Jean Arthur, actress, born in
New York City, "a years ago.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1939-10-17
THE MAGINOT LINE

To the Imagination and good sense of
former first sergeant in the World War
the republic of France owes her great
Maginot Line, stretching $50 miles along
the border facing Germany, which is the
strongest defensive military wall ever con-
structed by man.
Andre Maginot was the sergeant, who
rose to be minister of war in the French
cabinet and for whom the completed sys-
tenn of Notifications was named. He con-
ceived the plan, which was adopted after
funds for extraordinary measures of mill
tary preparation were voted in 1928.
The Maginot Line consists of con-
tinuous Notifications, including 800 mighty
forts, and cost about $50 million dollars.
It is considered impregnable, so far as at
tacks by land are concerned, and it is be-
lieved that little damage could be done to
it by air raids, as much of the defensive
works and equipment are underground.
Steam and electric transportation sys-
TENS, supply bases and communication
lines ary all protected in tunnels deep in
the earth Troops, equipment, food and
all manner of supplies for the line can be
brought to the front by trains operating
wholly underground and million men
can be garrisoned under its protection.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1939-10-17
"MoRE THAN AN EVEN BREAK"

In contrast to most men who make
what the world considers Outstanding sue
cesses'' the late Charles M. Schwab main
tanned that there is certainly something
that gives some men more than an even
break
Mr.. Schwab called himself lone of
those proverbial jacks-of-all trade who
are. usually failures and declared, why
am not, can't tell you" He believed in
luck, opportunity, chance-call it what
you will'' but he was also, in his day, a
hard worker, which might go long ways
to explain his success as steel man.