davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1939-09-01
Roosevelt Pledges
Every Effort 10 Keep
u. 5. Out Of War
Declines to Discuss
Neutrality Act or
Call Of Congress

President Roosevelt today pledged
every effort of his administration to
keeping the United States out Of
war.
Responding to questioning at a
press conference as to whether we
could stay out if general hostilities
develop in Europe, Mr.. Roosevelt
said:
'I not only sincerely hope so, but
I believe we can, and every effort
will be made by the administration
so to do"
Although an authoritative White
House source had let it be known
earlier this morning that the Presi-
dent does not contemplate any i'm
mediate invocation of the Neutrality
Act or any hurried call for a spe-
cial session of Congress, Mr.. Roose-
welt declined to discuss these ques-
tions in any detail at his conference.
He indicated, however, that the
period of watchful waiting of de-
velopments abroad has not yet been
replaced by one of emergency action
by this Government.
Appeals to Powers.
AS his latest effort to intervene
personally in behalf of peace, or
less horrible warfare, the President
early today addressed identical ap-
peals to five European powers to
refrain from aerial bombing of open
cities and civilians. Duck favorable
response was forthcoming from two
of the nations, France, and Great
Britain and similar replies were
hoped for from Italy, Germany and
Poland.
Great Britain's favorable reply
was handed to Secretary Hull by
Lord Lothian, new British Ambas-
sador, during conference Of nearly
a half hour.
The text of the message trans
mitted by Lord Lothian follows:
"His majesty's government well
comes the weighty and moving appeal
of the President of the United States
against the bombardment from the
air of civilian population or of un-
fortified cities.
Deeply impressed by the human
itarian consideration to which the
Presidents message refers, it was
already the settled policy Of his
majesty's government, should they
become involved in hostilities, to re-
frain from such action and to con-
fine bombardment to strictly military
objectives, upon the understanding
that these same rules will be scrup-
.(aee ROOSEVEIT Pnee A,51
Evening star., 1939-09-01
By CONSTANTINE BROWN.

The beginning of the European
war finds this country, in the
opinion of the administration Of
ficials, by far better prepared for
any emergency than in 1914.
The backbone of Americas ma
tional defense, the Navy, is in q
better shape than ever. The United
States Fleet is ready for any emer-
gency. The ships are modern, the
personnel is well trained and the
spirit after last summers war game
is described in authoritative quar-
ters as admirable
President Roosevelt and his State
Department advisers who had been
Evening star., 1939-09-01

V1l SAldAlAOCA AoAAl oCN1oAVA.
1--WE shall stand at the bar of
history knowing that the respon-
sibility for this terrible catas-
trophe rests on the shoulders Of
one man-the German Chancel-
lori"
The Prime Minister'S statement
came few hours after Poland had
called on Great Britain for help
against Germany and after King
George had signed an order for COM
plete mobilization Of the British
army, navy and air force.
Reviews Exchange of Notes.
Mr.. Chamberlain reviewed the
crisis and the notes exchanged by
Great Britain and Germany and as
serted:
"One passage from the recent
communications, dated August 80,
showed easily that the final clash
might have been avoided had there
been at least desire on the part of
the German government to arrive
at a peaceful settlement"
Mr.. Chamberlain continued: ''The
communication said, The British
government most strongly urge that
both parties should undertake dur
ing the negotiations that no aggres-
sive military movement should take
place The Polish government re-
piled instantly, on August 81, saying
that they would prepare on recipro-
cal basis to give the formal guaranty
1--WE never had any reply from the
German government to that sug-
gestion, one which, if it had been
followed, might have saved the
catastrophe which took place this
morning"
Earlier in his speech, Mr.. Cham
berlain asserted:
THE time has come when action
rather than speech is required.
Eighteen months ago I prayed
that the responsibility might not
fall on me to accept the awful ar
bitrament of war. I fear that I am
not able to avoid that RESPONSE
bility."
AS Mr.. Chamberlain spoke in the
House of Commons, Lord Halifax,
foreign secretary, spoke in the House
of Lords, where many of the peers
already were wearing their service
uniforms.
Mr.. Chamberlain, dealing with
Germany's contention that Poland
had rejected her 16 proposals for
peace, asserted: These proposals
have never been communicated by
Germany to Poland at ALL"
Only One Course Open.
Mr.. Chamberlain said "only one
course" was open now for Britain,
adding that the British and French
Ambassadors had handed a message
this morning to the German govern
ment in Berlin.
This message to the German gov
(Cen TnNnON page A-0)
Evening star., 1939-09-01
France MobiIjzino
100000; State Of
Siege Proclaimed
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press
PARIS, Sept. 1.-France today Or
dered general mobilization, decreed
a state of siege and summoned Par
Lament to meet tomorrow in quick
reaction to Germany's invasion of
Poland. ,.-
The mobilization means that ev-
cry able bodied Frenchman is called
for military service and experts esti-
mated it would put a total of 8,00O,-
600 men under arms. Mobilization
date Is tomorrow.
The state of siege was proclaimed
throughout France and Algeria by
an emergency cabinet meeting.
French official reaction was imme-
date to reports that Hitler's troops
were on the march in Poland and
that his warplanes were bombing
Polish cities.
Premier Daladier, after the cab
met meeting at Elysee Palace, went
into conference with Generalissimo
Gustave Maurice Gamelin at the
war ministry.
Naval Minister Cesar Campinchi
was called in, as was Admiral Jean
Evening star., 1939-09-01

Poznan at the Kutno station, 70
miles west of Warsaw.
The first air raid on Polish terri
tory, it said, occurred at Puck-near
Danzig-at $40 am. Q1:40 pm,
E. S. T., last night0
Anti-aircraft guns fired at the
raiders. Some German bombers ap-
peared to have fallen into the Wis
tula.
They are dropping close by us
now, two blocks from the United
States Embassy.
Three Mainland Drives.
Bombardment of Polish cities ac-
companied major drives by three
German land armies.
Until this raid, however, the clos
est the German air raiders had come
to Warsaw was 8 miles away. They
apparently were attempting to smash
Polish railway communications there.
The German warplanes had at.
(See WARSAW pace h0N
Evening star., 1939-09-01
Hitler Sends Reply
To Roosevelt Peace Plea
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
Adolf Hitler sent President Roose-
welt today his reply to the Presi-
dents appeal for peace last week..
The German Embassy forwarded
it to the State Department this
morning and the department was
expected to make it public shortly.
A well-informed person described
the reply as being very positive"
Evening star., 1939-09-01
Danes Call Parliament
For Session Tonight
By the Associated Press

By the Associated Press.
COPENHAGEN, Sept. 1.-The
Danish Parliament was called for q
meeting tonight and a declaration
of Danish neutrality in any Euro
pean conflict was expected during
the afternoon.
Of11cials indicated five army
classes, aggregating about 10000
men, would be called to the colors.
It was officially announced that
Danish currency would continue to
be based on the pound sterling.
Evening star., 1939-09-01
Reich Claims
Control Of All
Polish Air
Victories All AIona
Line Reported in
Communique
BY LOUIS p. LOCHNER,

Associated Press Foreign Correspondent.
BERLIN, Sept. 1.-Germany, at
the end of the first day of her un-
declared was on Poland. claimed
victories all along the line, but espe-
cially insisted on having c;smplete
control of Polish air"
Authorized sources insisted there
was no war-but merely that
counterblow had been struck in re-
taliation for last nights alleged
Polish attack on Gleiwitz and for
border incidents which have been
occurring for weeks.
The German attack on all Polish
fronts had begun at 5:45 am. (11:45
pm. Thursday E. S. T.) or almost a
quarter of a day before Chancellor
Hitler in an impassioned 36-minute
speech before the Reichstag once
more pleaded his case before the
nation and the world.
In that memorable session, the
Reichstag members not only unani-
mously pledged allegiance to their
Fuehrer, who now is also their war
lord, but formally annexed Danzig
to the Reich.
Soviet Mission Expected.
Hitler further declared at that
session that Germany would fight
against Poland alone.
Hitler's warm Endorsement, how
ever, of Germany's non-aggression
pact with Soviet Russia, and official
admission that a Soviet military
mission is expected soon in Berlin,
probably today, left the interpreta-
ton open that Soviet Russia may
yet join Germany. in a counter
bloc" against Poland.
Germany was speedily getting
down to q war basis. Throughout
the day the radio instructed the
populace what to do under COM
pletely altered conditions.
One of the first of many far
reaching orders was a complete
blackout of the capital ordered by
the police president. The orders,
effective at dusk, stand for an in
def1nlte period.
Fast-Moving Events.
The day was crowded with fast
moving events. Orders of the day
to the army, navy and air force
admonished the nations fighters to
do all for the fatherland. An appeal
by the Reich's women's leader, Ger
trude Scholz Klink, Wed with SINH
lar appeals for support by leaders
Of civil servants and other organiza-
tions.
The army high command issued
communique at 5:45 pm. Ql:45
am, E. 8. ID which said the Ger
man Army which advanced on
Poland from East Prussia is "deep
in Polish territory" and that the air
force is controlling Polish air."
The communique said advances OF
German troops and air force which
started from Pomerania, Silesia and
East Prussia this morning were well
under way toward their objectives.
German troops were reported ad-
vancing toward Neumark and Sucha
from Maerisch- -Ostrau. They crossed
the Osla River near Teschen, the
communique said, heading for Ka-
towicz and Czenstochowa, in Upper
Silesia.
The communique said the troops
reached the Netze River near Nakel,
in the Polish Corridor, and that q
battle was raging near Grudziacz.
The communique said the air
force is controlling Polish air.
adding that strong (aviation)
forces are retained In Western
Germany"
The army high command said
many successful air raids were re-
ported on various Polish military
objectives in the Polish Corridor,
Polish Upper Silesia and the mill
Evening star., 1939-09-01
u. S. Held Far Better Prepared
For Emergency Than in 1914

warned yesterday from London that
war was due Immediately are watch
ing the situation abroad eagerly in
the hope that an opening might be
given them to launch a new peace
effort at the right moment.
Congress will be summoned shortly
to deal not only with the neutrality
law which the President insists must
be changed at once, but with new
legislation dealing with espionage,
sabotage, propaganda and other such
matters which have played havoc
with the country during the last war
because Of lack Of stringent legisla-
hon.
While it is. Of course, premature to
(See BROWN. Page A.l,)
Evening star., 1939-09-01
Donish Exchange Closed

COPENHAGEN, Sept. / LP.-The
stock exchange was closed today.
Crowds gathered outside the news
paper on1ces reading the war news
on the bulletin boards.
Evening star., 1939-09-01
Britain and France
Ready to Garry Out
Pledges to Poland
Envoy in Berlin Instructed
To Leave if Answer Is
Not Favorable

LONDON, Sept lF) Passed by the British Cen
s0rshp.-The House of Commons today approved bill
providing ST. 900 to prosecute for defense
and for maintenance of public order.
PARIS, Sept. (P.-The French government to-
night announced that an ultimatum demanding that
Germany immediately stop all aggressive actions and
withdraw troops from Poland" would be handed the
German government at once.
LONDON, Sept 1-Great Britain and France have sent
their last warning to Germany Prime Minister Neville
Chamberlain told the British Parliament tonight.
IF the reply to this last warning is unfavorabe, and
do not suggest that it is likely to be otherwise Mr. Cham
beran aid hs maesty ambassador instructed to ask
for his passport
Both governments, Mr.. Chamberlain said, had informed
Adolf Hitler that they regard Germanys actions
ing to Poland and that this called for the mplementaton
of the Brsrench agreement to to the assistance
of Poland
Unless Germany prepared Immediately to withdraw
Its troops from Poland Great Britain would be ready 90
at once to the smaller countrys support
Hitler he sad has not hestated to plunge the world
into misery order to his senseless ambitions
Special Parliament Session
Mr. Chamberlain made the statement extraordinary
sion of Parliament.
The Prime Minister said bill would be introduced making
for military service between 18 and Al
MusSoni has been doing his BEST Mr. Chamberlain declared
began addressing the Commons at 6O4 pm. u2:04 pm
E. s. IT, and finished at $50 pm d2: 80 pm. E. 8. To-.
Evening star., 1939-09-01
Bridges Over Vistu|o
Apparent orgets Of
Roiding Squodrons
Some Attackers Shot Down:
Poles Say Women, Children
Killed as rain Is Hit

BERLIN, Sept. QF9.-A report by DNB, German
News Agency said that Polish airplanes attempted to
raid the outskirts of Beuthen in German Silesa at
am and dropped six bombs in the homestead settle
ment on H0henlinde Strasse The report said that
there were no casualties and little damage
WARSAW, Sept. 1 QP).-A corn,nunique at 1890
pm E. S. T. today asserted the Poles brought down
four German planes near Gdynia Polish port the
Baltic and three others near Krakow.
BY LLOYD LEHRBAS
Foreign Correspo ndent
WARSAW, Sept. l, 5:35 pm. O1:35 am. E. S. IT,
German warpanes swoOped Warsaw this afternoon
air attack in advance of three German armies invading
this country
am teephoning this dispatch to Budapest with the
telephone in one hand and a gas mask in the other.
From where am hear the wall of power diving
fighting ships and IA German bombers SLOWLY
steadily following the of the Vsula River Poans
outlet to the sea. =,
Apparently they attempting destroy all bridges
The raid began at about 430 pm. 80 am E. S T)
and is still continuing more than an hour later
The German air raiders now-535 pm. Q1:35 am
E. s. T) are coming back after making wide circle
They apparently heading toward government build
ngs In the center of downtown Warsaw
can see puts OF anti-aicraft fire.
Although the raid is on there is no panic
Across the street hundreds of inhabitants are watch
ing, fascinated rooftops
Explosions Shake City.
Tremendous explosions shaking the CITY and rattnp win
dows.
An-arcraft shells bursting bomber which
are coming over at an altitude of about 5000 feet.
Evening star., 1939-09-01

(See BERLIN, Page A-3.0
Evening star., 1939-09-01
GUIDE FOR READERS

Page. Page.
Amusements, Obituary A-10
B-l4-15 Radio A.l9
Comics B-22-23 Society B-3
Editorials AS Sports --A-14-16
Finance ALI Womans
Lost-Found B-10I Page 1-l0
Evening star., 1939-09-01

(See WAR, Page A-4.)
Evening star., 1939-09-01

(See PARIS, Page A-5.)
Evening star., 1939-09-01

-(see ROOSEVELT, Page Ay5)
Evening star., 1939-09-01

(see BROWN, Page A-4.)
Evening star., 1939-09-01
Weather Forecast

From the Omitted states weather Bureau report.
Fun details on PAGE Az.
Fair tonight and tomorrow; little
change in temperature. Temperatures
today-Highest, "a, at 2 pm; lowest,
66, at S am.
Evening star., 1939-09-01

(See WARSAW, Page A-2.)
Evening star., 1939-09-01

(See LONDON, Page A-2.)
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-07-13
Britain Calls
ReseryiistsTo
Fleet Drills
10000 Retired Off
GERS and Reservists to
Participate in Com
bined Naval and Air
Force Games

London, July 13-(AP)- Prime
Minister Chamberlain announced to-
day that $4,000 of the nations TO-
900 naval reservists would be called
to the colors for fleet maneuvers-
port of a program to make Britain
ready for any eventuality during the
summer period of August and Sep
tember.
He told the House Of Commons
that 10000 retired officers and other
reservists would report for duty July
81 and remain active until the end
of September, taking part in COM
bined naval and air force war games.
Foreign quarters regarded it as
significant that the maneuVers would
be in progress at the time Of the Nazi
party congress which opens Septem-
Der at Nurenburg. Many European
observers have picked that as dan
ger period.
(In Berlin, the statement was made
in informed quarters that Britains
acts represented nothing impressive
for Germany. One German source
said, eve too are exercising our re-
SerV1StS.
Britain's move marks the first
time since the CzechoslOvakia crisis
of last September that naval reser-
visits have been called up.
The reserve will take part in a vast
naval den2pnstration August 9. King
George VI will review the fleet at
Weymouth where about 130 ships of
all sizes will be concentrated.
The naval move came as the war
ministry was engaged in a series of
mass bomber flights over Southern
France, designed to give royal air
force pilots practice in long range
flying, and at the same time to de-
Britain's air power. 1t also
conceded with ALLEGATION of 40,00O,-
OG0 pounds (ab<N.t $187 ,200,00O) more
for the airports.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-07-13
Lewis Seeks
Federal Action
In Harlan Area

Washington, July 13.-(AP)-
John l.. Lewis appealed to Attorney
General Murphy. today for federal
inspection in the Harlan county
(Ky.) mine dispute where union
miners and the Kentucky national
guard clashed yesterday in a bloody
gun battle.
Lewis, head of the c. l. o. and
president Of the United Mine Work.
ers, declared in letter to Murphy
that Governor Chandler was ''vio
lating his authority and prostitut-
ing the power OF the state,' by US
ing the national guard as he had.
Chandler was trying to exact
vengeance" upon the United Mine
Union, Lewis asserted, because the
union opposed Chandler and sup
ported Senator Alben Barkley in a
contest for Barkley's senate seat in
1888.
Tie 1888 Senatorial battle, Lewis
said, was one of the two reasons for
Chandler's action in calling out the
guard.
The other reason, Lewis said, was
that Chandler wanted 'to repay po-
litical debt to a criminal band of
coal operator whose previous crimes
are spread on the sworn public rec
ords of three authoritative govern
mental agencies"
(The miners at Central Harlan
CONTINUED on Page TWO)
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-07-13
Hoey Names
Early Head
N.C.RailCo.
Henry A. Dennis, of
Henderson, Is Named
Director of State Con-
trolled Line That Is
Leased to Southern

Greensboro, July 13.-(AP) =
Elvah Early, of Ahoskie and Win
ton, today became president of the
State controlled N. c. Railroad Co.,
designated by Governor Hoey to sue
ceed D. w. Royster, of Shelby.
The governor has made it a'habit
to change officials of the railroad
yearly.
The jobs are regarded. as among
the choicest Of the political plums
in the State, as practically no work
is involved.
President Early, Clerk of Court of
Hertford county, can continue to
hold his clerkship, and will get 5000
year for his railroad post.
R. E. Price, Rutherfordton news
paperman, got the $1,000 job as Sec
retary- treasurer, succeeding r. F.
Beasley, of Monroe, and Paul Erwin,
of Charlotte, was named attorney at
pay Of $1,000 yearly, in succession to
D. N. Farnell, of Greensboro
R. O. Self, chief clerk Of the Utili-
ties Commission, represented the
governor at the annual stockholders
meeting.
The directors elected for the State
included: Royster, Early, Henry
Dennis, of Henderson.
The railroad is leased to the Sou
thern Railway System and pay of all
the officials is provided in the lease
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-07-13
Georgia Court
Upholds Levy
On Cigarettes

Atlanta, July 49, (AP) The
State Supreme Court today upheld
constitutionality Of the Georgia To-
bacco Act which last year yielded
$2,501 ,90819
Constitutionality had been ques-
toned by the Cigarette Sales Co., of
Mercy, N. c., its petition for injunc-
ton against the state revenue COM
mission had been upheld in Dekalb
county superior court.
The Supreme Court overruled the
lower courts dismissal of revenue
commissioner demurrers.
The North Carolina firm also
sought $4,000 damages, claiming. it
had built up mail cigarette sales
business in Georgia which had been
hurt by the commissions action. r
An attorney for the revenue de-
partment said the decision that seiz-
ure of unstamped cigarettes shipped
into Georgia now could proceed "full
tilt.
The tobacco tax requires ship.
ments of cigarettes into Georgia
within two hours after they "come
to rest.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-07-13
Navy Probes
Ranger Fire,
Explosion
Huge Aircraft Carrier
Hit by Blaze at Nor
folk Navy Y ard !;
Seven Men Injured,
Damage Put at $780,
600

Norfolk. Va, July 13.-(AP)-
Naval officials sought today the
cause Of an explosion and spectacular
fire which damaged the huge air
craft carrier Ranger and injured
seven enlisted men.
4 mufled roar came from the
water line amidship the 735 foot YES
sci. witnesses said, and flame swept
over the plane and flight decks for
a breadth Of 200 feet Firemen at the
Norfolk Navy yard, where the Ran
ger was docfed for repairs, battled
HE blaze for three hours before if
was brought under control late yes
terday
Captain H. E Keys, captain of the
yard, said: We do not know what
was responsible for the explosion" ;"
Other officers withheld any informa-
ton in their possession pending in
vestgation by a board of inquiry.
Unofficial reports said, however,
that gasoline being loaded on the ship
probably was touched off in some
manner.
One officer at the yard estimate
the damage to the S30,0OO,0O0 craft
at $4,000, but said that if an inspec-
ton today reveals that much Of the
expensive machinery aboard had
been harmed, the damage figure
would be considerably higher.
Conditions of the injured men were
reported as satisfactory after treat
ment for exhaustion and shock.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-07-13
Resolution Is
Aimed toHalt
Jap Materials

Washington, July 13.-(AP)-
Senator Lafollette Progressive, Wis)
representing a strategy committee Of
the Senate isolation bloc decided to-
day to demand full discussion in the
foreign relations committee of a
resolution aimed at restricting ex-
ports of war materials to Japan.
Chairman Pittman 3D., New, au-
thor Of the measure, had expressed
hope that the committee would act
quickly on it at tomOrroW's meet
ing. But Lafollette said he thought
the II members who blocked con-
sideration of neutrality legislation
last Tuesday would want to discuss
several points at length.
Senator Clark 3D., Mo- said it
was urged that either Secretary Hull
or some other representative give the
CONTINUED on Page Three)
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-07-13

Chicago, July 13.-(AP)-lndlct-
ments accusing 43 individuals and II
corporations and groups in the milk
industry of violating the anti-mono-
poly law were dismissed today in
federal court.
Leo F. Tierney, special assistant
to the attorney general, announced
the government would appeal the
ruling directly to the U. S. Supreme
Court.
The dismissal was embodied IN
Henderson daily dispatch., 1939-07-13
TOUGHEST SALVAGE JOB
IN HISTORY OF u. S. NAVY

Portsmouth, N. H.. July 13.-(AP}
The most difficult step in one of
the toughest salvage jobs in u. S.
Navy history was completed today
when the submarine Squalus and it's
macabre cargo of 26 bodies were
lifted from the ocean floor in a
cradle of ponderous pontoons.
A burst of air bubbles showing that
the pontoons were rising were sight
ed along the salvage ship Falcon at
1O:O5 a. m.
The water was literally churned
as the bubbles broke first from above
the bow of the submarine and two
minutes later bubbles began to rise
from the stern.
The whole length was not pulled
free Immediately, however, and the
pumping of high pressure air into
some of the pontoons was slowed un-
til the craft could be leveled off.
The full length of the bow first
Continued on Page Two)