davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1939-09-16

force. Neither policy was followed.
Europe wavered back and forth be-
tween the two. AS a result an
other war has begun, war which
is likely to be far more prostrating
than the last, a war which will
again kill off the youth of Europe,
a war which may even lead to the
end of our Western civilization.
We must not permit our senti-
ment, our pity or our personal feel
ings of sympathy to obscure the
issue to affect our children's lives
We must be as impersonal as a
surgeon with his knift. Let us make
no mistake about the cost of enter
ing this war. If We take part sue
ceSsfully we must throw the re-
sources of our entire Nation into
the conflict. Munitions alone will
not be enough. We cannot count on
victory merely by shipping abroad
several thousand airplanes and can
non. We are likely to lose a mil
lion men, possibly several million
the best of American youth. We
will be staggering under the burden
of recovery during the rest of our
lives And our children will be for
tunate If they see the end in their
Evening star., 1939-09-16

war, if we turn the course of peace
over to the greed, the fear and the
intrigue Of European nations. We
must either keep out of European
wars entirely or stay in European
affairs permanently.
No Defense Against Invasion.
In making our decision this point
should be clear: These wars in Eu-
rope are not wars in which our
civilization is defending itself
against some Asiatic intruder.
There is no Genghis Kahn or
Xerxes marching against our West
ern nations. This is not question
of banding together to defend the
white race against foreign invasion.
This is simply one more of those
age-old quarrels within our own
family of nations-a quarrel arising
from the errors of the last war
from the failure of the victors of
that war to follow consistent
policy either of fairness or of force
Arbitrary boundaries can only be
maintained by strength of arms.
The Treaty of Versailles either had
to be revised as time passed or Eng
land and France, to be successful,
had to keep Germany weak by
Evening star., 1939-09-16
Nieuw Amsterdam Released,
Reaches Home Port

ROTTERDAM, Sept. Is (P.-The
Holland-America liner Nieuw ANS
terdam arrived last night with $50
passengers from New York after be-
ing released by the British admi-
rally, which held the vessel for three
days in the Downs, off the Southeast
English Coast.
Capt. Byl reported that the Brit
ish removed three German passen-
gers and 16 German crew members
for further investigation. Fifty Ger
man passengers were allowed to re-
main aboard.
Inspection for contraband showed
the cargo in order.
The Nieuw Amsterdam, booked to
take 1900 passengers back to New
York, is expected to sail Monday or
Tuesday. The Netherlands freighter
Zaandam is to sail for New YORK
Sunday with 125 or more passen-
gers.
Evening star., 1939-09-16
Hoover Urges Civilian
Treatment in War
Be Investigated
BeIIieerents Should
Let keutroIs Report
Facts, He Declares
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, Sept. 16.-Former
President Herbert Hoover proposed
yesterday that North European neu-
trail countries create an international
commission to observe and report"
facts concerning incidents Of war
fare upon civilian populations.
He said ''the belligerent countries
should be asked to give agents Of
this commission free movement
within their borders"
1.-The purpose of this commission
through these agents would be to
determine where, and when. and
whether these undertakings not to
war on innocent men and women
and children have been intention
ally violated"
In his formal statement, he sug-
gested the commission could well
be organized by the Northern Euro
pean neutral nations-Sweden, Nor
way, Denmark, Finland, Holland
and Belgium. I believe 1t would
be accepted by the countries at war.
I believe it would be supported by
all the other neutral countries"
Elimination Of propaganda and
presentation of facts, he believed,
would laid in keeping other nations
out of this war" He termed the
commission a protection" to gov
ernments whose intentions are
honestly carried out within the
limits Of human fallibility."
"Of far more Importance" he
added, "such independent inspection
will be a real deterrent on deliberate
infraction of this undertaking. Such
a determination of guilt would carry
final conviction to the neutral world"
Evening star., 1939-09-16
Eight Passengers Aboard
Sunken BeIqion Ship

NEW YORK, Sept. is (R).-The
Alex Van Opstal, Belgian motorship
sunk in the English Channel near
Weymouth, left New York Septem-
ber for Antwerp with eight pas
sengers and 3,400 tons of grain.
j. A. Nash & Co., agents here for
the Belgian Line, said the follow
ing passengers were aboard:
Miss Germaine Fulchiron, Tena-
fly, N. j.; Marcel Harpe, an Esto-
nian living in New York; Jules
Derodeck, Armand Rotsaert, Mr.
and Mrs. August Andre and Mrs
Youri Smirnow, all Belgian tourists
and Patrick Droughton, British
tourist.
London reports said the passen-
gers and crew were rescued by a
Greek steamer and taken to the
southern coast of Ireland.
The Belgian vessel, regularly in
cargo service between New York and
Antwerp, with occasional calls at
Albany, N. Y, carried crew of 60
In addition to the grain, she car
ried 1000 tons of general cargo.
Evening star., 1939-09-16

British seamen under a junior Of
ficer. Two gray British escort ships
lay anchored at strategic points
among the merchantmen.
Patroling the roadstead were two
slim British destroyers and one of
Frances powerful new gungoats. At
an 8-knot speed, the patrols steamed
steadily back and forth in front of
the detained ships.
The patrol, it was explained, was
keeping lookout for enemy sub
marines as well as guarding against
possible getaway by any of the
captive" merchantmen.
Out in the channel, yet within
sight of the gray chalk cliffs of
Calais, other British warships stand
guard to protect the vital sea lane
to France. Fencing the lane is a
barrier of mine fields,
Evening star., 1939-09-16

agreed to protest to Mr.. Kennedy
the tone of the message.
Mr.. Kennedy replied that he was
sorry he had caused any alarm, but
that he felt constrained to warn the
passengers.
Six Leave Ship.
Sir Ashley Sparks, resident direc-
tor in New York of the Cunard
White Star Line, said he thought
the Ambassador message was per-
fectly all right from the Ambassa-
doris point of view, but I certainly
think it disturbed the people who
had to sail"
He said he believed only six pas
sengers left the ship after the mes
sage was read.
Meanwhile the departure of three
American ships, ordered by the
State Department to pick up
stranded Americans in Europe, was
held up by a strike of seamen de-
manding a cash bonus for entering
war zones.
The ships affected were the Scan
states of the American-Scantic Line,
and the United States liners Ameri-
can Traveller and the American
Evening star., 1939-09-16
DuIodier Bors Raising
Of Prices by Business

Specia! Dispatch to The Star.
PARIS, Sept. l6,-A decree by
Premier Daladier today prohibited
raising wholesale or retail prices
on merchandise or foodstuffs DUR
ing the war without official au-
Irritation.
The law provided penalties Of 100
francs (s2@19) to 10000 francs S19)
for infractions of the wholesale re-
strictions and from Is francs (35
cents to 500 francs SID for re-
tailers.
Requests for price increases must
be submitted in advance to the
government.
Evening star., 1939-09-16
Berlin
Continued From First page0

sources say German has scored tell
ing points by persuading Rumania
to remain neutral, by the seeming
reluctance of Turkey to become in
yolved in the conflict and by arous-
ing the smaller neutrals to protest
against the sweeping character OF
Britain's blockade.
Another diplomatic triumph from
the German viewpoint was the ap-
parently increasing friendliness Of
Soviet Russia.
Talk of possible peace efforts by
Premier Mussolini was given impetus
by the return to Berlin of the Italian
Ambassador, Bernardo Attolico, who
earlier in the week made flying
visit to Rome after conferring with
Nazi State Secretary Baron Ernest
Won WeiZsaecker.
While official quarters made no
comment, the informed news serv-
ice, Dienst Aus Deutschland, said
Berlin political circles are noting
with interest the fact that the inter-
national press is again discussing the
possibility of peace
Some diplomats expressed belief
something was in the wind" but
saw small hope for success OF any
peace move at the present time.
On Economic Front.
On the economic front the Reich
was taking energetic measures to
offset the British blockade. Some
military leaders said fatty the
blockade is licked" They argued
that with the acquisition of the
Polish mining region Germany be-
comes Europe's greatest coal pro-
ducer and in the whole world is ex-
ceeded only by the United States.
With Polish naval resistance shat
tered, they said, the Baltic was fast
becoming a German lake over which
essential ores might be brought in
from the northern states and the
blockade. consequently, could be no
major disaster
Vast reorganization is under way
at Hamburg, Germany's world port,
to replace by trade with the Baltic
states and the east the traffic being
held out of Germany by the British
Navy.
1t was indicated Russia would
provide land outlet for commerce
vital to Germany. That shippers
regarded this outlet safe was indi-
Gated by the fact that insurance
rates which were raised at the
outset of the war to l per cent Of
the value of cargoes were slashed
today to one-fourth of / per cent.
On Propaganda Front.
On the propaganda front a mighty
effort to keep on good terms with
the United States and persuade all
independent nations of the Western
Hemisphere to remain neutral was
apparent.
Newspapers have been playing up
Senator William E. Borah's stand
against change in the United States
neutrality law. Reports of polls in
the United States indicating a senti-
ment for neutrality attracted wide
interest and pleased comment.
What is in the mind of the Ger
man public and what it is talking
about Is best shown by the con-
trolled press.
Hitler's Voelkischer Beobachter
today printed on page picture
of German troops entering Gdynia
and photograph of Winston
Churchill, British first lord of the
admiralty. smoking cigar, accom-
panied by q blistering article on his
political career.
Evening star., 1939-09-16
international PorIey
Seeks Bomb-Sofe Zones
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
GENEVA, Sept. 16.-The Inter
national Committee of white zones
met with International Red Cross
officials today to discuss their plans
for neutral areas in all belligerent
nations where women, the aged,
infirm and children might be con-
centrated under a guarantee against
bombing.
Red Cross officials said they had
agreed to support the plans by ask
ing national Red Cross units to
establish headquarters in the pro-
posed zones.
Evening star., 1939-09-16
in Britain's favor. The following
reasons were cited:

in Britain's favor. The following
reasons were cited:
l. Britain's drive against sub
marines has been much more ef-
fective than during the first
two weeks of the World War,
when only one U-boat was sunk.
q Britain already has driven
virtually all German shipping
off the seas and during the first
week of the war seized more
than $4,000 tons of contraband
cargo bound for Germany on
neutral vessels.
These experts said losses of Brit
ish vessels would diminish rapidly
after the convoy system came fully
into operation and that German
submarines should not be serious
threat to British shipping.
Press Seeks More News.
The British press gave prominence
to the announcement that "a num-
Der of U-boats" had been destroyed
by the navy, but commented editori-
ally the government still was toe
grudging in giving out news of its
operations.
This is the first time that the
authorities have alluded publicly to
the success of operations against
the submarine menace" the Daily
Sketch said. Even now the claim
is modest enough, but reading be-
tween the lines we can see that al
ready within a fortnight from the
beginning of the war, the U-boat as
a weapon has been paralyzed."
The Daily Mail said: THE ad-
miralty at last admits what Fleet
Street has known for some time
"A number Of German U-boats have
been destroyed Even now the an
nouncement is grudging in charac-
ter. We are not told how many"
The Daily Telegraph described the
announcement as "a laconic but
cheering message" and said that
"for the first time a positive re-
sponse has been officially made to
public concern with this question:
Only Sketchy News Released.
The pressure of the press and the
opposition leaders in Parliament
however, still has failed to bring
from the ministry of information
anything but the scantiest of news
on the activities of the army and
air force.
So far, all that has been an
nounced officially is that British
troops have landed in France and
that the air force is operating from
French soil.
1t is known, however, that thous-
ands of British troops already have
taken positions on the western
front and military experts expect
them to join Immediately in the
French drive against Germanys
Siegfried Line
The Ministry of Information dis
closed that military organization
was progressing much faster
than in 1914 and that mobiliza-
ton OF the nations industries for
long war was proceeding rapidly.
70 Vessels Under Guard.
1t also was disclosed, in line
with Britains war time policy of
OBTAINING merchant ships to search
for contraband cargo, that 70 ves-
sells we're being held under guard
off the southeast coast.
Nearly every maritime nation In
the world was represented in the
fleet of detained vessels riding at
anchor in a wide arc from Broad
stairs to Dover
Aboard each ship was a guard OF
Evening star., 1939-09-16
Polish Officials Plan
Flight 10 Paris and
Continuance Of Efforts
Object to Offered Refuge
In Rumonio, Guarded
To Stop Their Activities
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
CERNAUTI, Rumania, Sept. Is.
Diplomatic circles reported today
that Polish government oficials
plan to circle to Paris, If they are
forced to flee from their country,
rather than remain in Rumania
and halt all political activity. Some
minor officials were said to be al
ready on the way.
Most of the officials were ex-
pected to remain in Poland as
long as possible. Permission would
be sought to travel across Ru-
mania.
Polish President Ignace Mosckicki
and other officials were notified they
must remain under surveillance and
stay at selected places if they en-
tered Rumania. Even then they
would be urged to leave the coun-
try as quickly as possible.
Foreign Diplomats Go Back.
Many of the officials were re-
ported residing in q little village
just across the Dniester River from
tAAS AASAltACAs
At the same time, many foreign
diplomats who came here last night
with their families and staffs, in
cluding United States Ambassador
Anthony j. Drexel Biddle, jr., re-
turned to the Polish government seat
at Zaleszczyki, presumably for the
day only.
The Rumanian ENJOYS were in
structed to tell Polish officials that
Polish children and wounded would
be given shelter upon crossing the
border. Polish troops will be dis
armed and placed in internment
camps for the duration of the war.
Those who have political occupa-
tions," the order said, will be bound
TO occupy guarded domiciles and
agree to shun politics"
Many Child Refugees Arrive.
Large numbers OF Polish child
refugees arrived here under supervi-
sion of Polish diplomatic authorities.
An unconfirmed report persisted
here, despite denials from the Polish
Legation, that Moscicki already had
crossed the frontier secretly, but
there were no signs of such fight.
Another report was circulated that
the British government asked Ru-
mania to allow $4,000 Polish Jews to
pass through the country to Pales-
tine. This report said the British
had agreed to allow them to enter
Palestine. 1t could not be verified
innmp6i ia tely
Evening star., 1939-09-16

OTTAWA, Sept. 16 canadian
Press .-Canada's new minister to
the United States, Loring C. Chris
tie, will proceed at once to Wash
ington to take over the Canadian
Legation.
The 54-year-old Mr.. Christie was
named last night by Prime Minister
w. L. Mackenzie King to succeed
Sir Herbert Marler, who resigned
earlier in the week because of i'll
health. Mr.. Christie has been serv-
ing as counselor to the external
affairs department and will take
over his new duties at once, the
Prime Minister announced.
Evening star., 1939-09-16
Holt, Back in u. S., Hits
Neutrality Revision

PORTLAND, Me-, Sept. 16 (R).-
With the assertion "a vote for revi-
sion of the United States neutrality
law is vote for war" Senator Holt,
Democrat, of West Virginia reached
this port today on the American mo-
torship Mormachawk, carrying 126
passengers from war-torn Europe.
Senator Holt, an anti-New Dealer,
declared the administrations neu-
trality policy will lead us directly
into war;" and added there are
those in Europe who want us in
volved and would be glad to see such
revision of the present law" The
Senator attended an international
conference at Oslo, Norway.
Evening star., 1939-09-16
Skunk Caused Trouble

MOUNT CARROLL, Ill, Sept. 1e
(P.-The mercury scared into the
upper COS, the boys and girls wished
vacation time were here again, and
yesterday was the 125th anniversary
of the composition of the Star
Spangled Banner
But none of these was the reason
why Mount Carroll pupils enjoyed a
vacation.
A skunk crawled into the school
building ventilator-and classes were
dismissed for the day.
Evening star., 1939-09-16
London
(Cnntinued From First Pagl

. Greek steamer Atlanticos and
brought ashore on the south coast
of England.
One of the passengers, an uniden-
tilted woman from New York, was
taken to hotel with several ribs
broken, he said.
Two Other British Ships Sunk.
The other British vessels sunk were
the 5,2O0-ton cargo boat Fanad Head
and the 291-ton traWler Davara.
They were the nineteenth and twen-
tieth British ships sunk since Brit
ain declared war on Germany two
weeks ago tomorrow.
Seven nations have felt the eff
= feet of sea warfare. Besides Brit
aims 81 lost ships, France has lost
one and Germany nine, not includ-
ing the submarines Britain says has
been destroyed.
Among neutrals, the Netherlands
has lost two vessels and Finland,
Greece and Belgium one each, max
ing the total number of ships lost
so far 36.
The latest sinkings followed by a
few hours a government announce
ment that "a number of U-boats'
had been destroyed by war vessels
and planes and that the British
were stepping up preparations for a
protracted war.
Enemy Violation Claimed.
The ministry of information said
the Alex Van Opstal was either
'torpedoed or, as her master be-
lieves, struck mine.
The statement argued that the
mine-if that was the cause of the
sinking-must have been laid by the
enemy because of the assertion that
at no time have the British laid
mines in the vicinity of the sinking
The communique said "by either
method of sinking the enemy has
violated international law"
IF the cause of the sinking was
a mine" it continued, "the mine
field had not been notified, and if 6
torpedo, the act was an infractior
of the submarine protocol to which
Germany had adhered"
No Panic, Woman Says.
One of the vessels passengers, an
American-born Frenchwomen who
said she was going to France as a
nurse, declared she was thrown of
her feet by the explosion.
There was no panic" she said
"The lifeboats were lowered without
delay and we were taken aboard the
Atlanticos. The captain and
the officers were keeping sharp
lookout and we we're on the normal
shipping route
British naval experts said their
losses at sea were not exceedingly
great in view of the large number
OF unprotected British vessels on
the seas when war was declared.
On the whole, they said, naval
activity SO far has been heavily
Evening star., 1939-09-16

Trader with 80 and SO passengers,
respectively, most of them Britons.
The last two liners were scheduled
to sail last night for English ports,
and the Scanstates for Oslo and
Copenhagen.
Gangplanks had been pulled in
and the crew demanded q bonus Of
$3.50 man for running through
submarine infested waters.
Rex Brings 1920.
The italian liner Rex first Italian
vessel to sail into New York Har-
Dor since the war began, arrived
carrying 1920 passengers, 1,454 OF
them Americans.
Among the passengers were James
H. r. Cromwell and his wife, the
former Doris Duke; Archbishop
Joseph Schrembs of Cleveland;
Giovanni Martinelli, the operate
tenor; Monsignor Alexander Syski,
a professor at the Polish Seminary,
orchard Lakes, Mich, and II
Chester Hale girls-members of a
dancing troupe which was stranded
for a while on the Riviera.
The Rex sailed from Genoa Sep
tember and from Naples the fol-
lowing day. Many of the passengers
complained about the increased
travel rates. Cromwell said he
figured he paid almost the double
rate, paying about $4,000 for ac-
comodations of two rooms for him
self, his wife, and her maid.
Cromwell said he thought "the
United States will be dragged into
war"
I'VE haven't missed yet" he said.
"We have to carry on our COM
merce with the rest of the world,
and T don't see how that can be
done without running afoul of Ger
man submarines"
Evening star., 1939-09-16
Germany Denies Dropping
Bombs on BiddIe's Villa

BERLIN, Sept. Is LP.-The semi
official commentary Deutsche Dienst
last night ridiculed reports by An
thony j. D. Biddle, jr.. United States
Ambassador to Poland, that German
planes dropped bombs near his War
saw home
Mr.. Biddle reported German
plane bombed the vicinity of his
villa September 3.
The fact is the German air force
aims at objects of military signifi-
canoe, not the fair head of the young
Ambassador" said the commentary.
Evening star., 1939-09-16
Mrs. Walter Sues in Reno

Among the divorce suits filed yes
terday in Reno, New, was that of
Mary S. Walter against Ferdinand
E. Walter of Washington, according
to the Associated Press. They were
married in Ellicott City, Md, No
vember 81, 1881. The charges are
cruelty.
Evening star., 1939-09-16
New Stamp to Garry
Relief Map of States

By the Associated Press.
A relief map of North Dakota
South Dakota, Montana and Wash
ington will be the central design
of a Scent stamp to be issued this
fall in commemoration of the 50th
anniversary of admission OF the
four States to the Union.
The Postoffice Department an
nounced the central design yester-
day, but said the date and place OF
first-day sale of the stamp had not
been decided.
Evening star., 1939-09-16
Drill at Lincoln Memorial

The Drum and Bugle Corps and
Drill Team of the James Reese
Europe Post, No. 5, American
Legion, will perform at the Lincoln
Memorial tomorrow at pm, 1t
was announced yesterday. There
will also be an inspection Of the
groups in their new uniforms.