davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1939-02-10
Caribbean Fleet Problem
Will Begin On Monday
British, French Fleets Man
euver At Same Time In
Mediterranean; Station
At Key West Ready
NY Associated Prcss)

tby Associated PrcSS)
WASHINGTON. Feb. l0.-The
War Department today announc-
ed that over lao surface vessels
of the United States fleets will
engage in a fleet problem Mon
day in which one part of the
fleet will attempt to land a base
on the Gulf coast while the other
section of the fleet will attempt
70 defend il.
1t is significant that at the same
time of the United States maneu-
vers, the fleets of Britain and
France will engage in similar
maneuvers. The British navy's
maneuverS will take place in the
Mediterranean, while the French
will maneuver just off north All
RIGA where their important colo
ny of TuniSia is located.
The triple national maneuvers
are believed to be a significant
move against Germany and Italy,
which are building huge arma-
ments at present, to show them
the power of the three democratic
countries.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1939-02-10
Did Many Unusual Acts

In smaller things, too, this char.
acteristie of Plus XII was empha-
sized. 1t was unusual for the
head of the church to appear as an
author of secular works and he
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1939-02-10
WOULD HAVE CELEBRATED HIS SEVENTEENTH
ANNIVERSARY OF CORONATION
THIS SUNDAY
Longest Reign Since Leo XIII
EXPECTED TO CELEBRATE TENTH ANNTVER-
SARY OF CONCORD OF LATERAN TREATY
WITH ITALIAN GOVERNMENT TOMOR-
ROW
ny Associated Press)

by Assocat Press)
VATICAN CITY, Feb. 1O.-Pope Plus XI, the "Pope
of peace" who 261st head of the Roman Catholic
Church spiritual sovereign 35OOO0O0O followers
of the faith died shortly before dawn today the
of 81.
The JUNCTION had been administered half
hour before his heart weakened by years of illness,
stopped its flutter 5:31 I'll 80 p EST Thurs
day.. DR.. Aminta Man announced death as the pom
tffs nephew, Count Franco Ratti and few cardinals
and prelates kne at the bedside in prayer.
The interim ruler of the church, Cardinal Eugeno
Pace wearing his violet mozzetta and mantle the
pope stl lived, performed the traditional rite of
ncuncement.
He drew back tbe white veil that covered the pom
tff's face and in Pickering light from dozens of
candles called the Christian of the pope in
voice shaken with emotion
"Achile!"
There came no answer.
"The pope" said Cardinal Pacelli, sis truly dead"
Soon the mournful bells of ST. Peters olled the
O the world.
Plus XI died quietly. Just before death he
breathed few words which could not be understood by
those at his bedside. Two Swiss guards at the door
points of their swords the floor sign
of mourning sst,
The funeral will be held in ST. Peters probably the
Feb S. Burial by popes desire, will be
in the grottoes Peters, far from the tombs of his
predecessors
Peter Funeral and requiem services last
ing nine days begin the morning of the 18th.
The body will be borne today to the throne room and
tomorrow, in solemn procession, to St. Peters,
Plus would have celebrated the seventeenth anniver-
sary his coronation next Sunday. He enjoyed the
longest reign any pontff since Leo XIII who died in
1903. -~.
He had expected to celebrate the tenth anniversary
of the Concordat Lateran treaty with the Italian
Saturday-the treaty which released him as the
prisoner of the Vatican"
The conclave of cardinals to select will
start ~ days after Plus DEATH
FIRST FUNERAL SERVICE SUNDAY
His fra body, wasted by illness and with features
shrunken in the afternoon to the reddraped
Century Sistine Chapel where the ponf will
be elected, lie in state for homage of dignitaries
Tomorrow the body will be taken to St. Peters
where the first of funeral services will be
held Sunday. Burial will be Feb. 18th in St. Peters,
Death of the pontiff, nearly g. marked interregnum
administration of the church which Eugenio Cardinal
Pacel will fill chamberlain of Holy Roman Church
until a pope is elected.
Conclave of cardinals may convene Feb. Is though
called late Feb g. to choose successor to
Plus XII Three United States cardinals expected to
leave New York attend the assembly for the
first time $ a group
pope will be elected by two-thirds majority OF
those cf sixty cardinals who attend the conclave.
Time of his coronation will depend on how quickly
the baIoting Is ended.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1939-02-10
MAKES SURRENDER

CAMDEN, N. declaring
that he was sought for a jewelry
theft, and that it was preying on
his mind, James Bennett sur
rendered to police. They found
he was wanted for larceny of
$4,000 in jewelry and 500 in
cash.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1939-02-10

Key West, Florida, has the
most equable climate in the
country; with an average
range of only IA Fahrenheit
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1939-02-10

Although Commander Virgil C..
Griffin, under War Department
orders, will give no information
regarding the present defense of
the coast, it is possible that part
of the theoretical attack may be
directed near the Key West sta
ton. Last of the 18 planes sta
toned here has reported. They
have engaged in machine gun
and bombing gunnery and night
flying during the past few weeks.
The destroyer Childs has engaged
in maneuvers. Also here is the
Nairplane tender Owl. The theo-
retical attack is not only to be
directed against the Gulf Coast
but also the Panama Canal.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1939-01-06
Why City of Washington
Has No ]. X. Y or z SITS.

Many visitors to the national cap
ital cannot quite get over the fact
that there is no 81" street. They
travel on &C." "H'' and 81" but
the next one is ''K." What hap
pened to "J?" Official records show
no reason for this sighting of the
letter 81"
Some persons claim that letter
was left out of the street alphabet
because in the old days the letter
"I' was written very much like a
81" and the latter was left out to
avoid confusion. Anyway there new
err has been "J'' street in the
capital, although there is a clay"
street, named after John Jay, first
chief justice of the United States
Supreme court.
AS a matter of fact, says Path
finder Magazine, there are no x, Y
and z streets in Washington. Vari-
Gus reasons are offered to explain
why these three letters of the alpha
bet were skipped in naming streets.
Some claim it was because these
letters were too closely identified
with mathematics, especially the UNI
known quantity. But whatever the
reason, the fact remains that even
in the second, third and fourth al
phabets of streets are only two Of
these three letters recognized-X in
Xenia street and Y in Yuma street.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1939-01-06
new WAY OF BUILDING DAIRY
RATION LETS COW GET MORE
0UTOFFEED FOR MAKING MILK

Anyone knowing feedstuffs will read
lily agree that alfalfa hay is much
better feed for dairy cattle than corn
cobs. Yet on total digestible nutrient
IT. D. Nd basis, the long recognized
standard for judging feed values, there
appears to be little difference. In 100
lbs. of alfalfa hay there are SO lbs. of
digestible nutrients, while 100 lbs. of
corn cobs contain 1862 lbs. of digest
ible nutrients.
According to T. D. N. measurement,
then, the difference between alfalfa
hay and corn ccbs is less than 4 lbs.
to the hundred, even though the pro-
ducing ability of the one is known to be
far greater than the other. This simple
comparison is one of many that caused
scientists to decide that the existing
T. D. N. basis for judging the produc-
tive capacity of feeds and roughages
needed to be revised and replaced by
more accurate methods, according to
Meade Summers, head of the dairy de-
partment of Purina Mills.
Many men in the dairy business
today can remember when the first
so-called balanced rations were intro
duced," says Summers. college pro-
fessors, feed manufacturers and dairy
men began talking about proteins and
carbohydrates and how they should
be balanced -. and well-bred, we'll
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1939-01-06

practically equal in total digestible
nutrients. So much energy is burned
up by the cow in digesting the corn
cobs that only 1872 therms of net pro-
ductive energy remain out of the 1862
lbs. of digestible material in 100 lbs.
of cob. On the other hand, the alfalfa
hay is so much more easily digested
that far less energy is used up in the
process of digestion and assimilations,
leaving 38 therms of net energy from
SO lbs. of digestible material in 100 lbs.
eaten. That means that alfalfa hay
has practically three times the feeding
value of corn cobs.
Recently Professor G. S. Frapps of
the University of Texas, one of the
outstanding dairymen of the nation,
came to the front with a statement cor
roborating these tests" says Summers.
Traps said that all dairy feeds were
being figured on the wrong basis and
that productive energy values should
replace the use of total digestible nu-
trients as it had done in Europe many
years ago.
"Of course, it is still very important
to have properly balanced ration.
And it is also important that the ra-
ton be high in total digestible nu-
trients. However, it is most important
of all to go one step farther and see
that today's ration is rich in therms
of net energy, for producing milk after
the cow has digested the feed.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1939-01-06
why Stockings Have "Runs'

The bane of woman's existence
seems to be "runs' that occur in
stockings. If a single thread is
caught and broken the damage is
not confined to that spot but extends
upward and downward the full
length of the stocking, unless some
kind of an adhesive is quickly APP
piled to both ends of the run, but as
rule the damage is done too quick
ly to permit the application of any
rem edial measures. The reason for
the run is apparent if one studies
the fabric under the microscope. A
photograph of what is seen under
the magnifying glass is a good SUBJ
stitute.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1939-01-06
WHY-
Corn and Some Other Plants
Grow Faster at Night.

Other things being equal, corn
probably grows most rapidly on
warm nights. Many plants, includ-
ing corn or maize, continue to grow
after dark, notwithstanding the fact
that photosynthesis takes place only
while the plants are receiving sum
light.
The rate of growth in plants, says
the United States bureau of plant in
dustry, is influenced by many fac
tors other than the formation of
food materials through photosynthe-
sis, and the photosynthetic products
themselves may require further
change before being utilized in
growth. Thus it happens that some
plants not only continue to grow aft
er nightfall, but grow more rapidly
at night under ordinary conditions
than they do during the day. APP
parently, however, this is not true
of all plants.
There is no particular period in
the course of "a hours of the day
during which all plants grow most
rapidly. Even among those that
reach their maximum rate of growth
in the night, the period of most
rapid growth in some species seems
to begin in the early part of the
night, while in other species it does
not begin until after midnight. Ger
tain plants will continue to elongate
rapidly even in prolonged darkness,
but in such cases the type of growth
differs materially from that which
takes place when the plants are ex-
posed to sunlight.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1939-01-06
HOW THE COW RAISED THE
FARM INCOME

The prices of farm products drop
ped about $50 in the first half of
1898. Cash farm income including
Government payments to farmers
In 1898 will be about $1,000, 0O0,-
900 less than the corresponding
combined totals for 1897, which
will lower the total of the farmers
cash income for this year about
1917. The Secretary of Agriculture
reveals the foregoing facts in his
annual export, fresh off the presses
from the Government Printing Of
fee. Mr.. Wallace says that oil the
important farm products shared In
the decline with wheat and cotton
suffering the greatest drops
Farmers often seem to be more
concerned about prices than about
income, and to get more satisfac-
ton, for example, out of selling one
dozen eggs at so cents than two
dozen at 40 cents a dozen,' is an
observation by Secretary Wallace
That human interest sentence prov
es that he still has the "editoral-
swing" of words. Thus eggs from
the hen-house are mentioned tC
furnish a side light on farmers
practices by the topman in Amer
lean agriculture.
1t is a coincidence that the report
of the Department and report o.
National Dairy Products Corpora
ton to stockholders were issued at
almost the same time. The latter un-
official communication shows the
bright side of some of the gloomy
facts that are recorded in the Of
fical review.
"As in the past, the COW proved
to be the chief support of farm
purchasing" says president Thomas
H. McInnerney, of National Dairy,
and he tells the record of the clos
ing year in which amidst general
decline, milk has continued to poul
cash into farmers pockets, dndimin-
ished in amount from last year. In
fact" he relates, Through October
of 1898 milk had returned farmers
l,Z40 HllliOu uOiIdIS COAuPolOu "ieh
1,241 million dollars the year be-
fore. Not without reason has milk
been called the mainstay OF farm
purchasing power" observes Mr..
McInnerney, and he adds: "But milk
can be a mainstay only to the ex-
tent that day in and day out mar
ket is provided for the output OF
the nations 25,OOO,OO0 cows. Fac
tories, sales organizations large
financial resources and trained per-
sonnet are required to provide that
market which converts milk in the
pail to dollar in the farmers pocket.
Milk and dairy product companies
are justly entitled to measure OF
credit for this accomplishment.
During 1888 the retail prices OF
dairy products declined along with
other foods. PROBABLY the chief fac,
tor in bolstering dairy farmers in
come amidst the general decline In
farm income as whole has beer
the public acceptance of milk, but,
ter, cheese and other dairy products
ar low cost, health giving foods fol
the daily diet.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1939-01-06
Why Silk Dress Has Electricity

Silk, when dry, is an excellent in
sulator of electricity. The rubbing
of dress against other garments
produces electric charges by fric-
ton which cannot leak off and pro-
duces the effects noted. Silk is much
more likely to show these effects
than rayon, linen or cotton. Such
effects are noted in summer because
the normal humid air makes even
silk a partial conductor of cleo
tricity. The air of a heated house
is very dry in winter.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1939-01-06
Total DieestibIe Nutrients 5oIbs
Net Ener9y......... s. Therms

fed cows began to step up production
to almost unbelievable amounts COM
pared to what they had been producing.
DigestibiIity Is Big Factor
Later, scientists working in labora-
tories discovered that proteins and car
bohydrates were not the whole story
that feed must have, digestibility as
well. It was found that the more feed
a COW could digest and make use of,
the more milk she would produce. The
discovery of digestible nutrients was a
big step forward in the dairy industry"
Summers says.
But in laboratories and on expert
mental farms there were research
workers who we're not entirely salts
fled with the progress made. They felt
that total digestible nutrients did not
tell the whole story. They were the
hunger fighters of the dairy industry
who realized that dairy breeding was
still far ahead of dairy feeding-that
the American COW was capable Of pro-
ducing lot more milk if they could
find the feed that would bring 1t out
of her.
Among them were two dairy scien-
lists at Pennsylvania State College,
who received notice for their work with
machine that showed exactly what
happened to each pound of feed when
it passed through cow. They put a
living animal inside the machine and
made their tests. They discovered, as
many scientists and advanced dairy
men had believed they would, that total
digestible nutrients was not the final
measure of feed. This machine mea-
sured the energy used in digesting feed
They found more energy was used in
digesting some feeds than others.
Net Energy Values
Their findings explain why alfalfa
hay is a better dairy feed than corn
cobs. even though the two products are
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1939-01-06
-FOUR BILLIONS FOR TRUCK
DRIVERS!

How big business highwa!
Transportation has become in the
United States may be realized from
the fact that truck drivers alone
earn and spend over four billion
dollars annually
According to information releas
ed by the Automobile Manufactur
ers Association, there are 3,1O9.5Oe
truck drivers in the Unite. States
based on an estimate of one full
time driver per truck exclusive OF
farm trucks. AS number OF larg,
farms regularly employ truck drlv-
ers and many trucks carry two drlv-
ers this is on the conservative side
The infant giant has far outstripped
it's older rival, the railway.
According to the records of the
Interstate Commerce Commission at
the end of 1886, there were 1,O86,
4O5 railroad employees. The num-
Der of truck drivers in the United
States exceeds the total number OIL
railway employees on a ratio OF al
most 8 to l. The average railway
employee including executives re
ceived at the end of 1886, $1,734,79
per year. During that year railway
employees earned $1,S73.813 393.
Based on an average earning
power of $1,000 per year the truck
drivers of the United States earned
$4,042, 360,4OO.
This figure, of course, does not
include anything at all on the tire
mendous personnel behind the driv
ers employed in maintaining the We
hicles, drivers helpers which are
necessary on many types OF runs
and suppliers of fuel oil, ETC., along
the route.
An analysis of all of those dir
ectly and indirectly employed in the
business of highway transportation
gives an interesting viewpoint on
the Importance in our national life
of the motor truck. All Of this has
come about during the last thirty
years and has radically Influenced
our mode of living and the actual
geographic distribution of our pop
ulation. Many communities depend
on highway transportation alone for
all of their food as well as other
supplies.
In no other country in ths world
has such a complete system been
built.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1939-01-06
RULES OF THE ROAD FOR
BICYCLES

With accidents involving bicycles
climbing in the past few years, the
Keystone Automobile Club advises
that children who received bicycles
for Christmas be instructed in the
rules of the road"
Many children who have never
before ridden bikes will be riding
them during and after the holidays,
it is pointed out. Unless properly
coached by their elders, the boys
and girls will have no conception
of their responsibilities on streets
and highways.
Parents may save themselves
much grief" said George e. Ken
eipp,, Manager of the Club, ''if they
spend some time teaching children
with newly-acQuired bicycles the
fundamentals of safe opera tom in
respect to traffic hazards.
1.-The tremendous increase In
death and injury accidents involving
bicycles shows that great many
youthful cyclers lack this knowl-
edge.
SIMPLE information such as wait
ing for traffic lights, slowing down
at intersections. making turns prop
erly, staying in one lane of traffic,
.obeying stop signs. riding with lights
at night, and other elementary fac
tors for safety may prevent death
or pAinful injury to children.
IAN increase in bicycle accidents
conservatiyely estimated at so per
cent for the last four years and a
fatality rate much greater than that
OF automobile accidents should i'm
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1939-01-06
INCOME TAX FOR MD. LOOMS
IN LEGISLATURE

Adoption of an income tax plar
instead of the reenactment OF
gross-receipts tax will be slmos'
unanimously favored by the 1888
General Assembly according to
survey by the Associated Press Of
legislative opinions.
The income tax has been vigorous
ly urged by the Maryland Farm Blu
reau and other farm organizations.
The legislators, the survey indi.
Gated. also will. seek to change the
present setup of the State Conserva'
ton Commission, and will propably
come to Annapolis of a mind to re-
duce the relief program now in
effect.
Furthermore, there will be those
who will favor increased real-estate
taxes, increased personal-property
taxes and consumers sales tax
as the answer to the financial prob
lem that will confront Governor
elect OConor's incoming admins
tration.
When it first was instituted short
ly after election returns were IN
the survey found no sentiment fol
any of these three latter fiscal
measurers. The final checkup showed
the legislators should stand about
five to two against them.
The voters in November refused
to permit the state to levy a grad
uated income tax like the federal
tax. But the Constitution allows q
fat state income tax, and there al,
ready is one on the books. The
present one-half of one per cent
tax will be rasied, if the income
tax proponents have their say at
Annapolis.
The gross receipts tax was tried
a few years ago. amid a storm OF
protest, to raise relief funds. II
raised the funds, but proved so I'M
popular the solons droppe! it like
a hot coal when the law creating
it expired.
At the last special session for re-
lief, there was much talk about
raising of real estate levy, but moth
ing came of it, largely due to the
opposition of county legislators. Per-
sonal property taxes never have
figured very largely in discussion in
the state house.
But the sale tax has been a
major bone of contention. It is pos
sible the state would have enacted
it during the periods it was seeking
relief revenues, had it not been for
the fact that legislators represent
ing counties bordering other states,
or the District of Columbia, were
among the ADLER members of the
assembly, and forestalled it.
1t undoubtedly is gaining in favor,
as the survey indicates. Persons
who are against larger income taxes
almost invariably propose sales
tax as the solution, arguing that it
has not proved too onerous in other
states in which it has been tried.
The Associated Press survey
showed legislators voting to in
favor of financing relief through
local tax levies. They favored,
about to 5, the return of the
county lateral roads to the control
of the counties.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1939-01-06

First of an exciting new series
of articles, illustrated in color. tell
ing of the mysteries, sorceries and
savage vengeances of the dark for
est. Read this story in the Janu-
airy 18th issue of The Baltimore
Weekly, the big magazine distri-
buted with the BalAmore Sunday
American. On sale at all newsstands.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1939-01-06
Why Flower Pots Need Soaking

New seed pans or flower pots are
extremely porous and, if not SUBJ
jected to a prolonged immersion in
water previous to use, they rob the
soil Of large quantities of water. This
treatment also removes dangerous
impurities that formed during fir
ing of the pot. After several days
of soaking, let them dry out for a
day or two before planting.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1939-01-06
Why ARMY used TWO Tests

The two army tests, the Alpha and
Beta, are both intelligence tests.
The Alpha test was devised for those
men who could read English. The
Beta test was given to illiterates
and foreigners who could not read
English.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1939-01-06
Why Dogs Shed Hair

The majority of authorities are of
the opinion that the excessive she'd
ding of hair by dogs is due to i'm
proper diet. The color of the hair
may be responsible for the idea
that white dogs shed more than dogs
of any other color.