davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1939-05-31
Duties of the
Oldest Child
In Family
He Must Not Have
Real Responsibility
Forced on Him
BY ANGELO PATRI.

From time immemorial the oldest
child has been elected to shoulder
the responsibility for the rest of the
| family. Perhaps this was because,
under the old law. the family in
heritance went to the oldest son and
he became the head of the house.
The reason for it is not clear to us
now, but the fact still remains to
bear down hard on good brother or
sister. You are the oldest, so you
must look out for the Others"
I agree that there ought to be a
family feeling, tie that binds, but
after seeing many young persons
life sacrificed to the other members
of the family am not so sure that
it IS right to make the eldest child
feel that it is his duty to step aside
always, to shoulder the full respon-
sibility always.
The oldest child of one family of
seven is daughter. Mother needed
help at home with the other chill
dren, so Mary had to leave school
early and help her. The other chill
dren stayed longer and longer in
school, got better education and bet
ter training. One by one they went
out into the world, making their
own ways, finally marrying and set
ting up homes for themselves. Fa-
ther died and Mary stayed on.
Mother died and Mary was left
alone. There was no money for her.
No home of her own. She had no
place to go, nobody who needed her.
The same thing happened to an
Oldest son. He stayed by father and
mother, helped to pay for the educa-
ton of his six younger brothers and
one sister. Each brother, as he
found himself fit and able, married
and set up his own home. In the
end this, the real father of the fam
lily, was alone and ailing. He had
money enough to take care of him.
self, but there was nobody to whom
he was of first Importance, nobody
to call him father, no wife to help
and comfort him. He had sacrificed
this for those younger relatives and
his reward was lonely old age.
Home ought to be a family re-
sponsibility, family partnership in
which each child takes his share as
we'll as gives it. I believe that it is
the duty of every child, married or
single, to contribute to the expenses
Of the home, to the support of father
and mother, brothers and sisters,
when that help is needed. It is a
debt of honor, an obligation of love.
No one child should be allowed,
much less forced, to assume full re-
sponsibility for the home and the old
folk in it. Share and share alike
for all is the only way to do it.
There are people inclined to per-
sonal sacrifice by nature. The un-
selfish child is in every family, and
he is not always the oldest. That
child should not be permitted to
strip himself of strength, love,
friends, family and home for the
sake of another. The family feeling
ought to prevent this instead of pro-
noting it. One for all is fine, but it
doesn't work unless the other half OF
it comes into play. All for one must
complete the one for all.
Mothers of large families must
keep this fact on their consciences
The oldest child has as much right
to fulfillment as the last one and
his mother is the one to protect that
right.
Evening star., 1939-05-31

pie jacket has three-quarter or full
length sleeves.
This is the type of ensemble you
need all summer long, for town run
about, and for travel. You can
accent it with different colors in
flowers and jewelry, so that it need
never be monotonous. In dark sheer,
small-f1gured print or linen, it will
always look cool, smart. distin-
guished.
Barbara Bell Pattern No. 1761-B
is designed for sizes "a, SO, 80, 40, 42,
A, 46 and 49, Sizes 36 dress with long
sleeves, requires 47s yards of 39-inch
material. With short sleeves, Az
yards. Jacket with long sleeves, re-
quires 23s yards. With three quarter
sleeves, 2A yards.
Send IS cents for Barbara Bells
spring and summer pattern book.
Make your own smart new frocks for
street, daytime and afternoon, with
these simple, carefully planned de-
signs! It's chic, it's easy. it's eco
| nomical, to sew your own.
Evening star., 1939-05-31

larger letter placed conspicuously on
the top of the bag.
Express luggage, the third type,
should be selected for servicabiity
AMI toughneSs. In this case, too,
the trunks need not match the
other luggage but must be able
to take hard wear.
An assortment of luggage is really
a necessity to the experienced
traveller. One bag cannot fit all
occasions, and the wise woman has
a complete set consisting of make
up box, overnight bag, party box,
hat, shoe and evening cape case,
week end bag, one week case and
two week case. The party box
is ideal if you are invited to
some dance such as an Annapolis
hop, for the box holds your evening
gown, makeup and necessities.
The hat, shoe and evening cape
case, all one article, successfully
takes care of the three most
troublesome articles when travel
ling. Never buy two pieces of lug
gage the same size, but have them
vary greatly. Thus you will have
appropriate articles for every oc-
casion. incidentally, the latest ad-
dition to the list of baggage is a
portable radio to match your other
luggage.
RaWhide in natural, sorrel or an
tlque brown shades is greatly in
favor at the moment. Indications
would seem to prove that brilliant
striped luggage is not as popular
as it was, although a great deal
is still used. One of the newest and
most unusual types of luggage is
made of metal that looks like steel.
1t is a waterproof, shiny compost
ton, said to be of the same metal
that airliners are made of, and is
welded together so that when sub
merged in water for hours, no water
is admitted even through the lock.
With unbreakable handles these
pieces are certainly unusual. There
are complete sets, and if you dent
any item it may be shipped back
to the factory and the dents ironed
out!
Other new luggage includes the
official New York Worlds Fair type,
blue with an orange stripe and little
trylons and perispheres in the
stripe. This, however, would do for
a novelty, but hardly for lifetime
selection.
There is really so much to know
about the selection of travelling
equipment that it seems a wise idea
to consult some one who has made
study of it. AS one of our in
formants put it, Travel luggage
will take you vacationing, but vaca-
ton luggage won't take you trav-
cling. You buy trips, not luggage"
All of which is another way of say
ing, be practical in your choice and
suit it to your journeys.
Evening star., 1939-05-31


tically took the form of a college
education. To be perfectly frank,
it seems that far too many of us
know nothing about correct travel
ing equipment, and most of us make
the same mistakes.
There are three types of luggage.
First, the piece that a woman car
ries; second, the cases that she gives
to the porter and, last, the luggage
that she sends by express. Travel
ers these days want the most in
efficiency and convenience, so mod
ern luggage is designed with that
idea in mind. AS one expert put it,
simplicity is progress" and this
time it takes the form of well made,
correct luggage without the worry
and fuss of gadgets.
Vacationists
Not Travellers.
Surprisingly enough, there is a
great difference between travellers
and vacationists, and this affects
the selection of travelling equip
ment. If you are vacationing in one
spot, you need not worry so much
about convenience, for you unpack
Immediately. But if you are travel
ing, you must consider the efficiency
of your luggage. Picture stopping
over one night and having to un-
pack an entire suitcase to get out a
dress at the bottom! Wise travel
ers select such facilities as the
hanger case because it does not
entail a great deal of rummaging
around.
The three types of luggage men,
toned have their own qualifications.
The piece that Milady carries her
self, usually jewel case or cos
metic box, is chosen for style be-
cause it expresses her ideas of smart
ness. This may be in any color she
likes and is always of fine leather.
One of the loveliest types is ecrase
leather fitted with cloisonne articles
and this bag is always carried with
a cover on it. But before you ask,
'Why buy beautiful luggage and
carry it covered?" the explanation
is this: Fine leather will last in
definitely If you keep the protec-
ton on it, and the fabric covers are
trimmed with the leather so that
they are smart and useful. When
you arrive at your destination, it is
a simple thing to awe your hostess
by unveiling the bag.
Canvas Luggage
Well initiated.
Luggage that the porter carries
need not match the one that you
guard personally. Usually it is can
vas, and its main requisite is dis
tinctiveness. The bags that the
porter takes must all be identical in
color and initials, so that they can
easily be distinguished. Initials are
usually done with the three letters
of your name in large type and the
initial of the surname in a much
Evening star., 1939-05-31
BY BARBARA BELL.

This jacket dress has the youth
and softness that you like, and po-
tent trick of making your figure look
slim as a girls. The gathered bodice
creates a full, rounded bustline, and
the v-neck is slenderizing. The
skirt is beautifully designed to mar
row your hips and flatten youl
diaphragm. Side belts, fastened in
the back, enable you to achieve a
smooth, slim effect without any
difficult fitting. The smartly SIM
Evening star., 1939-05-31
Vitan1ins A,C
And D Vital
To Teeth
Excess Sweets
In Children's
Diet Unwise
BY PATRICIA LINDSAY.

1t is good that the layman is now
informed which foods build strong
sound teeth. Many of our adult
tooth ailments might have been
avoided had we in infancy been fed
liberal amounts of vitamins A, C
and D. And young mothers will
dc well to learn which foods contain
these vitamins and see that they
are included in their children's
daily menus.
Milk is the best source of calcium,
phosphorus and vitamin A. From
tomatoes and citrus fruits, such as
oranges, lemons and grapefruit,
come the needed supplies of vitamin
c. 1t is difficult to get enough CAL
clum, phosphorus and vitamins A
and G without using liberal amounts
OF milk and either citrus fruits or
tomatoes.
Vitamin D is made by the body
when the skin gets enough SUM-
shine. 1t is also present in milk,
egg yolk, and in a few other foods,
but it is not found in large amounts
except in cod liver and halibut liver
preparations.
What few mothers insist upon Is
the limitation of sweets in their
chlldren's diet. An excess of sweet
foods should be avoided for two
good reasons. Sweet foods spoil the
normal appetite SO the child is
denied the more essential foods for
tooth building. They also aid in
the formation of gummy plaques
at the neckS of the teeth which en-
courage the growth of acid-forming
bacteria which destroy the teeth.
Twice a year have a thorough
mouth examination by a good den
tlst. Do not wait until a tooth ails
and drives you to him. Frequently
small inexpensive filling will save
tooth for years, whereas if YOU
permit the tooth to go until YOU
are conscious of sharp ache or a
jumping nerve you may lose it long
before you should.
Most of the larger cities have den.
tai clinics which charge minimum
fees to those unable to meet the
ordinary fees of dentists. And many
schools now offer free tooth ex-
animation to students once a year.
1t you smoke, use a cigarette
holder to prevent the nicotine from
deposlting on the inner side of your
lower teeth. If you will not use a
holder go to your dentist regularly
each month to have this deposit
removed.
OF course, it is taken for granted
that you brush your teeth daily.
But that is not sufficient to keep
them clean.
Daily mouth grooming includes
Cd a good mouth rinsing with an
antiseptic lotion, 90 dental floss to
remove food stuffs from between
the teeth, 90 brushing after each
meal with a powder or paste in the
direction in which your teeth grow
Cup and down, not from the left
to the righD, (4 it is important to
massage the gums with your brush
or with your fingers.
Your babys teeth may be kept
clean by wiping them with fresh
gauze moistened with solution of
blcarbonate of soda and boiled
water.
Adults may use common table salt
or baking soda for rinsing the mouth
and brushing the teeth.
II you wish to have list of the
foods valuable to tooth health-those
containing vitamins A, c and D,
and others containing calcium or
phosphorus-you may have it by
asking for Foods for Tooth Build
ing" and inclosing self-addressed
envelope bearing a Scent stamp.
Write me care of this paper.
Evening star., 1939-05-31

straight edge 1aiad across the top
OF glass jar this needs to be about
" inch for all vegetables except
corn, peas and lima beans. For these
starchy vegetables, which expand
more, allow l inch. In No. 2 tin
cans 5/16 inch head space is enough
for most foods. For number 3 tin
cans allow 81 to u inch. Always
cover the vegetables with hot liquid.
@. If much canning liquid is lost
from the jars during processing is
1t all right to replace some of this
liquid with water?
A. Jars should not be opened after
processing until it's time to use the
vegetables. When they are opened
they are no longer sterile and must
be reprocessed in order to keep.
Some liquid will always be lost
from glass jars, but this can be
kept to minimum by careful con-
troll OF the temperature. Maintain
a constant pressure. At the end of
the processing period take the can
ner of the fire and let it cool gradu-
ally until the pressure gage reads
zero" Then Immediately open the
petcock-gradually so that there is
no sudden rushing out of steam.
MISCELLANEOUS
@. Is it possible to can every kind
Of vegetable at home?
A. 1t is not recommended that
vegetables of the cabbage family
broccoli, brussels sprouts, cabbage
turnips, cauliflower, kohlrabi-be
canned. These vegetables contain
sulfur compounds that break down
during processing and give the food
a disagreeable taste and odor and
unsatisfactory color and texture
When eggplant is processed under
steam pressure, as 1t must be to
make it keep, it has an unattractive
color and flavor. Also it is impossible
to can corn on the cob without
special equipment.
@. Do vegetables lose any food
value during ordinary home can
ming?
A. There will be some loss OF
vitamin G and vitamin B both
OF which are destroyed by heat. II
vegetables are bleached before can
ming there will be losses of all the
water soluble vitamins-B1 C, G.
and the pellagra- preventing factor
Tomatoes, however, because OF
their acid, lose practically none OF
their vitamin G value when canned
at home the right way. They may
lose from 70 to u of it when stored
for 6 months or longer at ordinary
room temperature. But even then
they are good source OF vitamin
c in the diet.
To best preserve vitamins, can
vegetables as soon as possible after
they are gathered. Serve the cook
ing liquor because in it will be dis
solved some of the water soluble
vitamins and minerals, originally in
the vegetables.
@. How long will canned foods
keep?
A. Indefinitely. if they've been
handled properly, processed cor
rectly and stored in a cool place.
Quality is better the first year. So,
unless there's big surplus on hand,
it's better to can only one years S
supply at a time.
Evening star., 1939-05-31
WooIen Materials

Wool is now a year-around fabric
with domestic woolens improving
each season in quality and in new
textures and surfaces. Wool is
woven in 54 and 20 inch width and
thus meets the demands of our
popular silhouette. 1t is heavy and
bulky when you want it to be, and
thin and fine as gossamer for sum-
mer and for evening wear. There
are crepe woods, chiffon woods and
lace woods and it is said there are
more to come.
Evening star., 1939-05-31

turn out so we'll last season-or.
doubt about the correct method
for putting up a product that's
never been tried before.
While solutions to all these prob
lens are "in the back of the book"
somewhere, the homemaker so
!, ,perplexed may find the simple an
sWer to her particular question in
the following QUESTIONABLE. In
this, specialists of the Bureau of
Home Economics answer some of
the more common queries about
canning vegetables.
EQUIPMENT.
@. What kind of q canner Is
needed for putting up green peas
and beans?
A. Peas and beans, like practi-
cally all vegetables but tomatoes,
are non-acid foods. Non-acid foods,
If canned, should be processed in
steam pressure canner. Only
with one of these is it possible to
get temperatures of from 240 de-
grees to $50 degrees Fahrenheit
the heat necessary to steriliZe the
vegetables within reasonable
length of time.
1t is unsafe to can non-acid
vegetables in a water bath or an
oven canner, or in steam canner
without pressure, because the tenn
perature in them never gets above
the boiling point of water. At that
temperature it is impossible to kill
the dangerous botulinus bacteria
that may be in the vegetables unless
containers are processed to 10
hours, or even longer. If allowed to
live, these bacteria may produce a
toxin in the food.
@. Does 1t make any difference
what size of container Is used for
canning vegetables?
A. For most vegetables, pint or
quart glass jars and number or
tin can are the best sizes. Pint
jars and number cans are best
for tender, green peas, because they
will become overlooked and mushy
with the longer processing needed
for larger containers. If corn is
canned in quart jars or number 3
cans it should be put up whole
grain .style-cut from the cob with
out scraping. It's well to keep the
containers small because heat pene-
trates thick cream-style corn very
slowly.
@. Is 1t advisable to can corn or
red -colored vegetables in tin cans?
A. Yes, practically all vegetables
that can be canned may be canned
in tin. Different types of cans
have been developed for Ger
tain vegetables. There are special
C-enamel tins for corn, succotash,
lima, and kidney beans. For red
colored vegetables - beets and
pimientos-and for pumpkin and
squash, use R-enamel cans. These
vegetables, If canned in plain tin,
may react chemically with the metal.
Some change colors and others cor
rode the metal. These changes, al
though they may not affect the
wholesofheness of the food, do de-
tract from the appearance Picked
beets should be canned in glass.
@. Is it all right to use rubber
rings a second time?
A. No, the best policy is to buy
the rings new each year. They
should be of good quality to with
stand the temperature of processing.
A simple test is to double the ring
together and press the food with
the fingers. The rubber should not
crack. A good rubber ring will also
stretch to twice its length and snap
back into shape.
METHOD.
@. How nearly full should the
containers be packed?
A. Allow a little room at the top
head space-for expansion of food
during processing. Measured from
Evening star., 1939-05-31
Gum on Rugs

To remove chewing gum from rugs,
rub with any dry cleaning fluid. Rub
different ways on the rug and soon
the gum will loosen so that it can
be picked off. The cleaning fluid
then removes the gum stains.
Evening star., 1939-05-31
Dorothy Dix Says
Excellent Plan for Husbands and
Wives to Vacation Apart

giving their husbands perfectly
royal treat just to break the home
routine and leave them by them
selves for few days, with no one to
boss them, or tell them not to drop
cigarette ashes on the floor, or to
want to know why they didn't come
home to dinner on time.
Even when husbands and wives
are congenial and all-in-all to each
other, as the phrase goes, they are
better off for little separation now
and then. For when they come to-
gether after an absence they have
freshness and novelty for each other
and the joy of reunion that strength
ems the tie between them.
Much has been said of the selfish
ness of wives who go off on vacations
and leave their husbands at home
Perhaps they are kinder and wiser
than they know in giving them a
chance for little vacation of their
own. At any rate, it is observable
that the summer widower seems to
bear his wife's temporary absence
with great fortitude.
The moral of all of which is that
every wife should take a vacation
and give her husband one. But the
success of i is in the timing. She
should make it just long enough for
him to get tired of staying up at
night past 10 O'Clock and eating
restaurant food, and not long enough
to find out that he can get along
without her.
Evening star., 1939-05-31
Modern Traveller Demands Convenience All LUGGAGE
QUESTIONABLE on Canning
Clarifies Many Matters
Pulling to Housewife
Both Equipment and Method
Are Discussed at Length in
This Weeks Press Release

BY Bureau Of Of
When plump vine-when garden
rows yield baby bee than the family
to spareand
time.
Vegetable time
troubling questions something didn't
Evening star., 1939-05-31
Distinctive Qualifications
Are to Be Considered in
Each Of Three Types
Style, Conspicuousness or
Durability Is Featured
According to Its Use
Bx HELEN Y0GT-

Ih age OF efficiency overlooks nothing has
who these
good luggage No haphard shapes and
considerations
several expers
Evening star., 1939-05-31

Unfortunately, however, there are
wives who do not realize this and
who feel it is their duty never to
leave their husbands even for a
week end, or to take a vacation if
their husbands can't 60 along with
them. They have not perception
enough to see that they would be
Evening star., 1939-05-31

give a satisfy
the demands which keep pouring n The head Jesus set off
perfect such This
cloths
s at inches at the widest part
pattern envelope contains complete Illus
ated directions with block diagrams aid what
crochet hook and what material and how much will need
obtain this pattern inclose
coin service Address
work Editor Of The Evening Star
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1939-01-12
CHAPTER XIV

The early sun was upon the broad
main street of Inspiration as Billy
Wheeler drove Horse Dunn's tour
ing car into the little COW town. Old
Man Coffee was in the back seat,
this time without any of his dogs.
Marian, who had been doing
against Billy's shoulder, sat up and
looked at the vacant street with a
detached curiosity. 1t seemed
strange to see the street SO empty
and silent, where last they had seen
it full of knotted groups of men. No
stealthy movement in doorways this
time, no eyes covertly watching
them from under ten-gallon hats
nothing but clean horizontal sunlight
on quiet dust, as if nothing lived in
this place at all.
Marian said, "You still don't
want to tell me what you're going
to do?"
'sIt isn't that I don't want to tell
you. It's just that fists got to
come to you in another way"
''This is a dramatic thing-rather
a terrible thing" Marian said. this
coming to the end of a killers
trail"
Don't look at it that way. I
want you to think of this thing with
all the impartiality you can. You
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1939-01-12

had been rounG ueau N tic Es5
Sleep, and another at Ace Springs,
and still another at the head of a
gorge without a name.
Wheeler knew that Old Man Cof-
fees eyes were watching him, wait
ing for him to speak. He drew
deep breath and broke the silence.
Horse" he said, 1.-The whole
works has been-kind of stood on its
head, since I saw you last"
Horse Dunn's voice rumbled.
"Well, that's goodi"
Wheeler's voice was very low; he
found that he could hardly speak.
mo, Horse; it isn't good. THIS is
maybe the worst thing that any of
us have come to, ever, in all our
long trails"
Held in that sharp, hard silence
that could clamp down so suddenly
here they could feel the chill of the
walls. Wheeler was seeking way
to go on.
Marian was holding her uncle's
hand against her cheek, and now
Horse drew his hand away. Billy"
he said; and hesitated. Then,
Speak out, mani" he said at last.
"Two-three different things have
happened" Wheeler said. Marian
and found Lon Magoon dead, lit