Evening star., 1939-07-31
Southeast European
Countries Battling
Nazi Domination
Huneorions, Rumunions,
BuIeors, YugosIovs
Take Firm Steps
By ROBERT b. PARKER, Jr..

Hungary, Rumanla, Bulgaria anu
Yugoslavia-have taken firm meas
ures, individually, to counteract tne !
steady seepage of Nazi or Fascist In
fuence in their domestic affairs.
With anxious eyes they have
watched Austria, CZecho-SloVakla
and Albania disappear as nations.
In each case Germany or Italy had
obtained strong foothold in
domestic politics as a preliminary
step in absorbing the countries.
Methods of combating these at
tempts of domestic domination vary
with each country.
Hungary, probably the most ex-
posed of the four, paradoxically
enough, co-operates with Germany
in foreign policy to keep the Nazis
from attempting too much intrusion
in her internal affairs.
Premier Count Paul Teleki, geog-
rapher by profession, has formed
a powerful government organlza-
tion-the Hungarian Life party-ln
an endeavor to cut the ground out
from under six Nazi groups.
Carol Has Own Party.
In Rumania, King Carols home
made Nazi party, a one-party sys-
TEN. is regarded as an antltoXln Tor
ideas made in Germany" He has
powers equal to Hitler or Mussollnl.
Bulgarias King Boris, the real
ruler of the nation, although Parlla-
ment is in constant session, has
smashed one supported
Nationalist Socialist party. Another
party, the National and Social move
ment, is under police attention be-
cause it is sympathetic to NaN IDEAS
Yugoslavia, with Italian, German
Hungarian and Bulgarian troops on
her sparsely fortified borders, has
taken sharp police measures to curo
Nazi and Fascist propagandlsts
Meanwhile. she is endeavorlng TO
calm her domestic waters.
Back of all the uneasiness in
these little nations over the trend OF
affairs there is evidence OF more
unity and patriotism on the part OF
native leaders.
Hungary's strange position In the
picture is, perhaps, best shown by
the fact that the same day the gov
ernment signed the antl-comintern
pact. aligning the nation with Ger
many, Italy and Japan, the Nazi
Hungarist party was smashed by the
police.
Appeal to LandlesS.
Nazil appeal in Hungary is to the
large landless peasant group, the
underpaid industrial workers and
the professional middle classes, hard
hit by the economic depression.
Nazi parties promise revolutionary
land reform, higher wages and jobs
at the expense of the Jews.
Premier Teleki and his Hungarian
Life party-the members of which
wear uniforms adapted from the
national dress-have adopted milder
versions of the Nazi programs.
Laws restricting Jewish participa-
ton in business and professions have
been voted; land reforms have been
advocated.
Constitutional safeguards against
possible control of the elective lower
house of Parliament have been
passed. Regent Admiral Nicholas
Horthy, outstanding defender of
Hungary's independence, now has
the right to dissolve Parliament and
to take part in naming his success
sor. The non-elective upper house
has the same rights as the lower
assembly
Pressure on Nazis.
Constant pressure on Nazi parties
is maintained by the police Mem
bers caught wearing the forbidden
black uniform, a copy of Germany's
Black Guard outfit, are stripped by
police. There are heavy penalties
imposed for distribution of Nazi
propaganda. NaZi members of Par
lament, found to have police rec
ords, are deprived of their seats.
But on foreign policy Hungarians
appear to be generally agreed that
cooperation with the Reich is nee
essary. The military minded point
out that Nazi motorized troops could
reach Budapest in six hours from
the frontier.
Life in Rumania under the Front
OF National Rebirth'-complete with
uniforms and Roman salute-out-
wardly varies little from life in Ger
many and Italy. But, at least, say
the patriotic Rumanians, it is con-
trolled in Bucharest and not in
Berlin or Rome.
King Carol has adopted some
modified Nazi and Fascist ideas
such as national regeneration"
fve-year plan, cooperative parlia-
ment and a semi-military National
Guard" The monarch can declare
war, make peace, conclude treaties
issue decree laws, veto parliamentary
legislation. Cabinet ministers are
hired or fired by him. They are re-
sponsible only to him.
Little Hitler" Shot.
The King set up his one-party
system because of alarm over the
spread Of Nazi influence. The slogan
is "Rumania for the Rumanians."
German and italian anti-Jewish leg
islation has been copied and an in
creasing number of Jews has been
eliminated from the professions and
business.
The one-party system came into
being almost Immediately after po-
lice had shot Cornelius Codreanu
known as Rumanias s Little Hitler"
and group of his followers who had
been accused of taking orders and
cash from Berlin.
German penetration into Rumania
originally took three forms: Racial,
theological and economic.
More than half a million Saxons
Hive in Pennsylvania, organized by
Berlin-trained leaders. Codreanu's