davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1939-06-10
Following Simple Rules
Keeps Flowers Fresher

tea. Some use a teaspoon of cane
sugar to each quart of water to
make asters keep longer. Others
believe that boric acid added to
the water in which carnations are
placed will prove effective. There
are chemicals recommended for such
purposes.
OF course daily change of water
is desirable. When changing the
water cut off quarter of an inch
of the stem-the old edges often
break down and restrict the abb
sorption of moisture-a fresh cut
will keep the veins open.
And now some special treatments
for certain flowers.
Cut roses in the bud after the
color begins to show. Cut iris as
the first bud begins to open, but cut
gladiolus when the second flower
on the spike opens. Keep the spent
blossoms of both iris and "glads" re-
moved.
After cutting chrysanthemums
and peonies split the stem ends
up 8 or inches.
Oriental poppies should be cut
in the bud to nearly half open. Put
at least one-half of the stem in
hot water Gust below the boiling
point) and leave them so until the
water cools. Drop little paraff1n
around the base of the stamens of
a water lily and a little gelatin into
the heart of poppies to prevent the
petals falling.
Last but not least, in cutting
branches from Towering shrubs or
trees peel the bark of for an inch
or two and split the ends so that
they may absorb more water.
Evening star., 1939-06-10
Keep a Memory Book
Of Your Gardening
"GARDEN DOTS" Rv Mariori,

GARDEN DOTS" BY Marjorie
JoSselyn Colt Press, San Fran
cisco. 1925.
Marjorie Josselyn has noted that
Time began in a garden" and in
this book of hers she suggests that
you jot down on its dotted pages
record of your time there.
Garden Dots" is a large, COM
Portable portfolio put together with
clips-a new, original and refresh
ing idea in garden books. 1t con-
tains four excellent garden plans
by Marie Harbeck which are useful
in themselves and also illustrate
how you may draw your. own plans
on the dotted pages by what Miss
Josselyn calls her kindergarten"
method.
This is book that every woman
gardener will love to own. Though
Miss Josselyn is a famous gardener
and thoroughly understands the
value of scientific methods in gar
dening, she also knows that no
woman wishes to spoil the joy of
her garden with technicalities
Down in her heart she feels very
sure that she can accomplish as
good results with her green thumb"
and loving care as her fellow gar
dener across the fence will get with
all his regimented methods.
Her book is useful, simple to use,
and will become over the years a
memory book of the happy hours
you have worked in your own
garden. M. N.
Evening star., 1939-06-10

Sometimes we cut fowers-really
choice things as they appear in the
garden-which are soon sorry-look-
ing specimens. A few simple pre-
cautions will aid in extending the
life of your cut flowers materially.
There are a few flowers, however,
which require special treatment.
First of all, it is best to cut
flowers in the early morning before
the dew is off, for then stems are
sitter, the fragrance more delight
full and the lasting qualities greater.
1t is better to make clean, slant
wise cut with sharp knife than to
use scissors or to break the flowers
of. After cutting Immediately
plunge flowers up to their necks
in cold water. Do not crowd them
bruised foliage or petals do not
add to the appearance of bouquet.
Strip of many of the lower leaves
to lessen the fouling of the water.
1t Is best to leave the flowers in
the cold water from 2 to IL hours.
Cut flowers will keep better If
not placed in a draft-strong air
currents increase evaporation and
because of the limited ability to
take up moisture, soon cause the
flowers to wilt. If the vases of
cut flowers are put in a cool place
at night they will last much longer.
Be sure to keep the containers
clean by scalding each time after
using them.
Some people add salt or aspirin
to the water to increase the length
of time q flower will remain fresh.
This is controversial question. The
Japanese sometimes add wine or
Evening star., 1939-06-10

ordinary garden soil and situation.
They do, however, we'll repay care.
For best results they need sunshine
water and fairly well fertilized soil
1t is not too late to SOW seed or
set out plants of ANIMALS. Plants
will bloom much earlier than seed
llngS, but if the flowers are not
needed until late summer or early
fall, seedlings will probably be bet
ter.
Many of the summer Towering
bulbs can still be planted and bloom
satisfactorily. Gladiolus. cannas.
dahlias, Ismene lily, etc, can be
planted any time up to the first of
July.
The flower shows are about over
for the season and we cannot re-
frain from commenting on the eX-
cellence of material and manage
ment observed. 1t has seemed to us
that the schedules had been pre-
pared more carefully, that the COM
mittees were better organized, and
that better specimens had been en-
tered than in the past. Of course,
We should progress-improve from
year to year, but with the constant
shifting of personnel of show COM
mittees and the lack of criticism, We
tend to drift along in the same old
rut. But our shows are improving
and serving a very useful purpose
The lily show of the Garden Club
of Virginia is scheduled for June
IA and IS at Fredericksburg, Va.
\
In an effort to hide the dying
foliage of spring Towering bulbs.
many gardeners set out plants of
ANIMALS. Dwarf zinnias, annual
phlox, dwarf marigolds, calliopsis,
etc, make useful cutting flowers and
hide the dried-up foliage Very ef-
fectively. These shallow rooted an
nuals in no way harm the dormant
bulbs, and add materially to the
colorful appearance of the summer
border.
Evening star., 1939-06-10
Blue Balances
Color Scale
InGarden
Bachelor Buttons
Have Ever Been
Great FavOrites
Star STAFF Photo.

Blue is fayorite color in the gar
den, and pure blue one of the rarest
tones of nature. The annual border
needs its blues to balance the COL
or scale and TO add a cool touch
during the hot months of summer.
We have an excellent blue in the
Chinese forget-me-not, cynoglossum
amablle, listed as a biennial but
blooming as an annual from SOW
ing early outdoors. II has deep and
intense blue floWery clusters pro-
duced in great profusion, making a
brilliant patch in the garden as we'll
as fine subject for cutting.
1t much resembles the Anchusa
ltallca, a favorite in the perennial
border for its intense blue. but is of
lower growth and has much fine
foliage. This is a real addition to
the blue ANIMALS.
An old standby is the bachelor
button or centaurea -cyanus which
has fringed flowers produced in
great protusion with good stems for
cutting.
The annual larkspurs give some
fine blues although all have more
or less purple in them. They are
one OF the most valuable of the an
nuals. They must be sown where
they are to bloom and then be
thinned, as they are difficult to
transplant
Another beautiful blue annual not
enough used is the broWallia. 1t has
intense blue flowers freely produced
and is easily grown. Although this
is an excellent garden annual it is
more frequently seen as pot plant.
The rich blue spikes of the annu-
al lupins with their pea shaped
blooms add to the list of handsome
blue ANIMALS for the blue portion of
the border, and for the edges there
are the gorgeous depts of the To-
bellas and the velvet Of the blue
toned pansies. The blue section of
the border needs the planting of
groups of pinks. pale yellow and
white, to give the blues their best
effects and to avoid monotony.
The blue-toned ten-weeks stocks
and asters give solidity to the blue
border and have their own pinks,
whites and creams by way of har-
mony. The blue portion of the an
nual border is most effective if in
partial shade. All these ANIMALS
may be easily raised from seed
planted in an outdoor seedbed when
the soil is workable, or directly
where they are to grow.
Evening star., 1939-06-10
Magnificent
to
Be Open
Greenhouses Filled
With Foreign and
Native Plants
BY FRANCESCA MCKINNEY

Washington and Baltimore gar
den lovers will have the opportu-
nifty to view Longwood. the beautiful
estate of Pierre S. du Pont, near
Wilmington, Del, on Sunday, June
18. This l,200-acre place was ac-
quired by Mr.. du Pont in 1906, and
since then he has converted it into
a veritable fairyland that rich and
poor alike may enjoy
Eight hundred of these acres are
under cultivation, while the rest is
in natural woods. These magnifi-
cent gardens are second to none in
the world
Villa Gamberaia, near Florence,
Italy, was the inspiration for the
beautiful water gardens of Long
wood, which include numerous and
ingeniously arranged waterfalls,
fountains, pools and cascades.
The tremendous Conservatives on
this estate cover three acres and
are the answer to every gardeners
dream, as they have an elaborate
system of heating and air-condi-
tioning apparatus, with thermal
control instruments so these green
houses may defy the changing
seasons.
When you enter the sunny rooms
from the terrace overlooking the
formal gardens, the huge tree ferns
which tower overhead are dwarfed
in comparison with the size and
height Of the conservatory. These
glass rooms house many varieties
Of native and foreign flowers, fruit
trees, plants and shrubs.
An all-expense trip to see Long
wood, in which the general public is
invited to join, is being offered by
the Baltimore e. Ohio Railroad.
This will include also a visit to the
Rocks, the landing place of the early
Swedish settlers, as we'll as to the
beautiful Valley Gardens and the
Amstel House. Further information
on the trip and its cost may be OBJ
tained through D. L. Norman, 1903
H street, District $500.
Sligo Hills Garden Club will hold
its June meeting on Monday evening
at 8 o'clock at the home of Mr..
and Mrs Stuart M. Armstrong, BIT
Park Crest drive.
The Garden Club of Chevy Chase,
Md, held it's annual meeting on
Wednesday at the home Of Mrs.
Henry Parsons Erwin, when the
election of officers for the coming
year took place.
Mrs. Robert Ash was elected presi-
dent. Mrs. Chester Welles first vice
president, Mrs. j. w. Murphy second
vice president, Mrs. Joseph C. Green
recording secretary, Mrs. F. w. Con-
molly corresponding secretary and
Miss Beatrice Goodwin treasurer.
Evening star., 1939-06-10
Ground Ivy
Substitute
Pachysandra and
PeriWinkle Also
Good Covers
BY EDITH HOTGH.

The grounds Of many houses have
situations where grass substitutes.
Such as ground ivy and pachysan-
dra' Will grow better and appear
more attractive than grass. In
small city yards and beside tall
buildings that cut off the SUM-
light. such plants may cover en-
tire lawns. They are excellent for
all heavily shaded and semi-bar-
rem areas, as around the bases ot
large trees where grass will grow
only sparsely. They are useful in
gardens. as carpet for borders and
as an underplanting in fern beds
and IN rhododendron beds where
the stems are long and leafess.
Ground covers have many ad-
vantages over grass in hardness
and beauty. They do not need
moving and wedding They remain
fresh throughout hot and dry sum-
merS. their thick foliage retaining
moisture IN the soil. MANY. as Eng
llsh ivy, perWinkle, pachySandra and
Wlntercreeper, are evergreen The
HN~--S - Ci''' Nt4l4No. lI4OSNllllA ann
many others bear flowers and still
others, as bunchberry and ground
yeW, bear fruit. These form
thick mat over the ground and pat
tern it with color.
Most of these plants are adaptcd
to certain conditions of soil and
shade. PeriWinkle and pachysan-
ara Will grow in light soil with lit
tie moisture and little sunlight.
Candytutt, japanese evergreen ivy,
creeping SpeedWeu and trailing ar
butuS are suited to moist places.
Maiden pink, stonecrops and tunica
thrive IN dry. sunny places OF sandy
soil. Extreme shade is most favor
able to ground yew and wake robin.
For these, the soil should be loos-
ened and enriched with rotten leaves
or peat and kept moist in dry spells.
OXaIs is one of the more un-
common plants suited to shaded
ground. 1t rapidly covers a wide.
area with heart-shaped leaves and
bears large pink flowers. The CLOS
Sy green ajuga is also fond Of
shade.
On embankments. japanese hon.
eysuckle or yelloWroot will cover
any bare ground or rocks. They
should be watered for some time
after first being planted, particu-
larly if the soil is very dry and
sandy with extreme drainage. Such
varieties as rose moss and verbena
Will increase the beauty of rose
gardens.
Evening star., 1939-06-10
Spirit of Sunny Italy Lives
Again in a Lovely Garden
Here in Our Washington
Banana and Fig Trees Among
Plants Grown in Pots by
MIR. and Mrs. Cuniberti
BY GLADYS MOON.

lemon
monkeys green ur hanging the
prds restaurant tall marble the birds bath
bzane oapnal fountain, symbolay
scene of the nativity. 0 ~ ~ ' '0
Where is this
~ ay M lou dou hundred miles nearer the Equator than Bologna Italy
where te lelh monkeys from
spirit is right here at 1924 District of Com-
pa lere two giant boxVood
ana make setting
and Mrs Fernando i ' ~ ' "a NN'
In the
@ e e crown OF thons the lemon
above border OF p Oriental poppe and many oheT
dar oeoog plants In the winter
the f' o. NP'''i4'' 1''o
Much use is made of potted plants garden The bopanviea
Evening star., 1939-06-10

drons, azaleas and dogwoods are
commonly grown shrubs that should
not be cultivated at any time. Give
them a mulch of rotted leaves in
the spring and fall. Pull the weeds
and grass from around them by
hand.
Protection From
Insects and Disease.
Having taken care of the growth
needs, the next item on the list is
the protection of the plants from
insects and diseases. Careful spray
ing with any of the standard spray
materials is all that is necessary.
Regular applications and thorough
coverage are more important than
the brand of material used. Sprays
are preventives, and not cures.
To be effective, therefore, they must
be present to prevent infection or
lnfestation. And to do a good Job
they must be on all of the foliage.
Rapid growing plants need spraying
more often than slow-groWing ones.
Spring is a period of rapid growth.
1t slows down greatly in midsum-
mer. and hence we spray more fire.
quently in the spring than during
the summer.
The above items make up the
regular garden maintenance pro-
gram. Then there are a few Jobs,
such as lifting and dividing iris
June August. spring Towering
perennials June and July) and
few of the bulbs during the sum-
mer (June). In late summer
august and September) there is
the planting of poppies, madonna
lilies and peonies. These we will
take up later. but want to mention
one other activity that few of us
ever take. time for That is to
watch the garden throughout the
season and to analyze its appear
ance. Does it always have sufficient
bloom for effect, sufficient flowers
for cutting, and are the colors salts
factory? Ask yourself these ques-
tions as you watch it, and if it is
lacking in one or more respects, try
to supply them.
A vigorous. growing garden that
is well supplied with flowers is
pleasure to the owner and one that
he delights in sharing with his
friends. Thus we should have the
desired combination of plants to
give us all-season bloom. and we
should care for them throughout
the summer with regular program
of feeding and cultivation.
Evening star., 1939-06-10
Shelter Your
Seed
Summer

A sheltered seed bed is even more
useful for summer than for spring
seed sowing. Advanced gardeners
will find it valuable through the
garden year, for the more difficult
propagating tasks.
Select a position sheltered from
the full force of wind and sun if
possible. In making such selec-
ton. bear in mind that directly I'M
der the branches OF trees is not a
good location, for the drip from the
branches during transforms is likely
to wash seeds out of the ground.
Spade the soil thoroughly, taking
great care to make the top soil, in
which the seed is to be soWn. very
fine. 1t is an excellent plan if the
soil breaks up with difficulty to run
1t through a sieve for the top layer.
II the soil is heavy tighten it by
working in torpedo or silver sand.
Heavy soil that crusts easily is a poor
medium for seed sowing. 1t should
be easily penetrated by the tiny root
striking downward and the tiny
iNo'No pdoiAiliS up"diu W Vic 1lSIlJ
and air.
If the seed bed necessarily is ex-
posed to the full sweep of wind and
sun it is an easy matter to erect a
temporary fence or shelter to break
the force of the wind and also an
easy matter to improvise a lath
screen to set over it to break the
full force of the sun on hot days. To
break the force of driving rains
which might wash seeds out of the
row, an old window screen may be
laid over the bed. Burlap may be
laid over the bed until the seeds
start terminating to serve the same
purpose and also to prevent too
rapid evaporation of the soil.
With the seed bed carefully pre-
pared, make it point not to SOW
the seed SO thickly that the plants
will come up in punches. Sow thinly
and in the case of seed so fine that
it is difficult to handle, mix with
twice or three times its bulk of fine
sand to make thin sowing easier.
Space the big seeds so that the
plants will not touch when they ger
inmate.
Evening star., 1939-06-10
Garden Failures Due
10 Bad Guesswork

AS years of gardening experiences
pile up on our shoulders We begin
10 realize that We creep along in
the dark, so far as knowing what
must be added to our particular
soil in order that we can meet the
1000 requirements of the plants We
desire to grow. We do the best
we can, but, eventually. we concede
that our successes or failures were
brought about by poor guessing.
Many of us have undoubtedly
guessed wrong in connection with
the crops grown from seeds this
year. We added manure, if OBJ
talnable, or use the organic SUBJ
stltuteS called fertilizers in pre-
scribed proportions and still our
plants may have stunted appear
ance. Immediately we know that
nitrogen has been added in insult
flcient quantities. or. if sufficient was.
present, 1t passed off into the al
mosphere before it could be taken
up by the plants.
Fortunately, this condition, when 4
ocoSlfSu, Sdll NC lflP
quickest corrective results are OBJ
tanned along this line by using
nitrate of soda. A level tablespoon
full of nitrate of soda is dissolved
in five gallons of water and this
solution sprinkled around the plants.
A fine nozzle on a sprinkling can
is fine for this purpose. This auan-
tity is sufficient to pep up plants
in a space feet square. Follow
the application of this material b.
thorough watering.
The treatment can be repeated
about once every two weeks for
about two months, after which 1t
should stop. Continued use of this
application would produce plants
carrying far too much foliage and
too few blooms. ..
Evening star., 1939-06-10
Coming of Hot Weather Should Not Bring Cessation of Garde
Plants That Have Finished
Blooming Still Growing;
Need Feeding and Care
Constant Warfare Must Be
Waged Against Insects and
Other Destructive Forces
Bv w. H. YOUNGMAN.

With the hot
interest
why should same
Maybe the
member those plants through gardens
thrive bloom pofuSey
neglected during the summer They need food and
will
struggle along is true but they produce
from starved
the
pleted their growth and age
While
ferVor in the early
his plants regularly
fertilizer produces startling results the time but
than
weeks This tends
Evening star., 1939-06-10

~''AA ~ 'AANNii Why ~ Jill tiit pIdlltS III
the outside rows. Allow for growth
when planting.
Climbing roses should be pruned
now that the Towering season is
past. Remove a third to a fifth of
the canes each year, cutting them off
the ground. The best blooms are on
the f1rst-year canes, although the
flowers on 2-year old wood are very
good. After the third year the quail
ity of the bloom declines. Also, the
older wood tends to harbor disease.
A regular pruning program for
climbers will keep the bushes within
bounds, produce good quality flowers
and tend to check disease. This ap-
plies to the larger fiowered climbers.
Ramblers are normally cut back
each year following the period of
Towering. Everblooming climbers
are pruned in the spring at the same
time we prune the hybrid tea (bush)
roses.
Chrysanthemums need more spac-
ing than is customarily given them.
A bushy plant should have a spread
of IS to "a inches. Then, too, the
chrysanthemum nematode, the pest
that causes the leaves to dry up,
spreads by crawling from leaf to leaf.
To keep the nematode from spread
ing and to allow for growth the
plants should be spaced not less
than 18 inches and "a inches apart
is better.
X
The recent hot weather empha-
sizes the Importance of having early
Towering varieties of peonies. The
early Towering varieties can be de-
pended upon in this area for a good
display of flowers. Midseason va
rieties do we'll in most years, while
the late Towering varieties frequent
ly have their flowers ruined by hot
weather.
Cannas are one of the easiest to
grow of the so-called summer flow
ering bulbs. They will grow in any
Evening star., 1939-06-10

NSAh
helps to keep the garden interesting.
Then, too, plants need to be kept
growing. A plant that for some
reason has had its growth checked
is difficult to start and usually has
a stunted appearance.
Regular feeding of spring bloomerS
Is quite important in that they are
springs flowers. If you are to have
a good display it is important that
the development of those buds be
aided Most of our spring Towering
shrubs develop new branches fol-
lowing the Towering season and if
this new growth is to be strong and
vigorous, feeding is almost essential.
I say almost" because some shrubs
such as the forsythia produce their
blossoms at the nodes. Rapid growth
means long nodes and scattered
flowers. Short nodes bring the
flowers closer together and the color
display is better.
Watering Most
Important.
Watering is perhaps more i'm
portant than fertilizlng in this area.
Sometimes rains are frequent and
no watering is necessary. Often,
however, there are periods of
drought, and some watering is i'm
portant each summer to keep the
flowers and shrubs growing vigor-
ouSly. Too frequent watering is as
bad as not watering at all Plants
that receive frequent sprinklings
tend to have shallow root systems
and really suffer during drough.
period when neglected. It is far
better to water thoroughly at inter-
walls of week or 10 days. When the
soil is adequately prepared before
planting and the plant has become
we'll established it is feasible to omit
supplemental watering. The plant
is then deep-rooted and the soil con-
talnS sufficient moisture to carry it
through ordinary dry spells. How
ever, 1t is not safe to abruptly dis
continue sprinkling once it is begun.
Since there is often occasion for
the gardener to be away from his
garden for some time during the
summer he should make provision
for care and watering during that
time. Returning from a vacation
to find the garden dried up and full
of weeds is. indeed, discouraging
Some gardeners depend upon their
neighbors and friends. Others sim
ply leave their gardens and hope
for the best. One solution is to give
the garden thorough soaking and
then to mulch with peat moss. grass
clippings or whatever material is
available. Mulching works very we'll
when applied in sufficient depth G.
to 4 inches) and after the ground
has been soaked to depth of 8 to
10 inches One advantage of a
mulch is that it keeps the weeds
down.
The fourth step in the garden
program is cultivation. Of course,
If you mulch, that ends it, but most
of us do not mulch for one reason
or other, and frequent cultivation
is needed to'keep the weeds under
control; to keep the soil aerated,
and to conserve moisture. Some
shrubs are so shalloW-rooted that
cultivation is injurious. Rhododen-
Evening star., 1939-06-10
Growing Dahlias

Two strains of bedding dahlias
may be grown from seed as easily
as zinnias, and will give flowers
from midsummer to frost in great
abundance. They are the Coltness,
single, and the Unwin, double,
strains. The flowers are attractive
in the border and fine for arrange
ments indoors.
Evening star., 1939-06-10
Healthy Asters

Florists who grow asters outdoors
for cut flowers find that plants
started from seed outdoors and
never transplanted flower sooner
and have more vigor than those
started indoors and transplanted
Flowering may begin somewhat
later, but the crop is larger and re-
sistance to disease is greater.