davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Montana oil and mining journal., 1939-03-04
PRODUCTION
lCnntinned dom Pare Onel

Nontlnued FTom Page Onel
January was 367.55S barrels. an
average of 13,745 barrels per day
against an average production of
16, ,069 barrels per day. Exports av-
eraged 1884 barrels per day, Civ
ing a total average market of 21.-
124 barrels per day during the
month of January.
Montana oil and mining journal., 1939-03-04
Spirits Locate Well

In the fall Of 1867, ADram
James, a spiritualist. was driving
from Pithole to Titusville, Pa with
three friends A mile south of
Pleasantville, a spirit guide" in
spired James to jump from the
carriage and over a fence into
field on the William Porter farm.
Hurrying to the north end,
James fell down, pushed penny
into the dirt. and then lay back.
pale and rigid When he recovered.
Montana oil and mining journal., 1939-03-04
Scientific Juggling

Scientific juggling or The rear
ranRement of hydrocarbons, is be
lieved to point the way to the
production of many organic COM
pounds from petroleum sources
Some experts place the number at
100000. and include hormones
nnd rritn m In ncI
Montana oil and mining journal., 1939-03-04
Lucky Breakdown

Lucky break for the youth of
Texas was the breakdown of an
old motor truck loaded with oil
well drilling machinery in Reagan
County in 1922
With the nearest garage 100
miles away, and the test site three
miles ahead there was nothing to
do but unload the machinery and
start drilling right there.
On May 2S. 1928. the first well
on the site selected by breakdown,
came in a producer. To this day
the well yields almost as much as
il did initially
This well was the beginning Of
the famous Big Lake oil field from
which much of the income of Texas
University continues to flow
For the sake Of the record il
should be added that we'll drilled
later on the original test site
proved to be a dry hole!
Montana oil and mining journal., 1939-03-04
Synthetic Rubber

Rubber companies now are eX-
perimenting with tires made from
synthetic ruI6er manufactured
from petroleum gases The cost
OF the synthetic rubber is esti-
mated at only one-third to one
half the 45c TO soc per pound cost
at which German firms are making
synthetic rubber from coal. Russia
is said to have produced 100000
tires from sYnthetic rubber in 1928
Montana oil and mining journal., 1939-03-04
Tanks

Newest liquid fuel containers
are made of cloth,
Designed for airplane use.
they're slow to leak and as easy
to repair as an inner tube. The
fabric is impregnated with a rub
ber compound. The process makes
them vibration-proof also, manu-
Montana oil and mining journal., 1939-03-04
0 | |

Standard oil rig wanted. Steel derrick
preferred Must be priced right for cash.
p o. Box 1414 Great Falls. 3-4-a
Montana oil and mining journal., 1939-03-04
MISCELLANEOUS

CAPITAL sEBKERs-Put your project
before 26O Key-men. Cost trifing
Details free AMSTER LEONARD,
Fox Theatre Building, Detroit. Michi.
gan. 9-A-f
Montana oil and mining journal., 1939-03-04
Five Miles Down.

and vitaminesl
Evening star., 1939-10-01

HEReS 'ore comero stoy-the roisine Of hummine
bird fomily. The photos token by W. Byont
TyeI photographer noturoist Of Tokomo Pork Nd The
nest found August beside creek Loure otter
Tre hod troeed the hum Of the mothers wings Sodded
ronee but Tyre and Bruce overneton fellow nouroIt
Of Loure built seofoId in the streom bed and studied
the nest regularly until the body birds left September
Tyrre hod known hummne bird to nest lote in
the seoson the third nesting Of the year.
The Coolidge examiner., 1939-04-13
Bruckart's Washington Digest
Weakness Of Unsound Legislation
Does Not Remain Concealed Long
Old NRA Is Striking Example of Careless Lawmak
ing; Now Comes Up the Unworkable Conditions of
Cuffey Law That Has Cost Coal Industry Millions.
By WILLIAM BRUCKART
WNU Service, National Press Bldg, Washington D. C.

duction costs, and the public would
not feel it.
The contract then negotiated ex-
pired recently and new one is now
being considered in the regular tug
of war that occurs between miners
and operators every two years. In
the meantime, however, things hap
pened to labor in the soft coal mines.
AS l mentioned above, there was
decline in production of coal. 1t fig
ures out at % per cent. That OBJ
vlously means that, while labor OBJ
tanned an increase Of one-tenth in
the rate of pay, it worked only four
hfthS as much time according to the
records available to me. I fail
to see where labor gained from the
law. Moreover, from the federal re-
lief authorities l learn that living
conditions and buying power among
the persons living in coal mining
areas have declined almost in direct
ratio to decline in production of coal.
With respect to the added taxation
placed upon the owners of the
mines, the surface indications and
the original declarations of support
erS Of the law have proved to be
quite misleading The law required
the industry to pay tax of one cent
a ton and to meet assessments to
cover the expenses of boards that
were set up in the various regional
areas. 1t is easy to calculate that
the one cent tax raised SO, APO, 900 on
342, 0O0,0 900 tons, produced last year.
But that figure does not show the
extra assessments that were paid to
the regional boards, nor does it re-
veal that every mine owner had to
hire extra clerks in the company
offices to take care of all of the
various and sundry reports that the
national commission and the region
al boards saw fit to require.
The Coolidge examiner., 1939-04-13
Gufey LaU Cost the Coal
Industry Many Millions

The first law so enacted was
moved down by the Supreme court
Just the same as the original and
big brother NRA. Senator Guffey
tried again. And so for two years,
or Whereabouts, there has been law
in force that applied the same prin-
ciples of RECOMMENDATION as NRA to
the coal industry, and during that
time, according to official reports,
the soft coal industry has lost mon
ey. 1t lost S37, 1000 900 in 1887, and
it lost about $50, 600, 900 last year, the
coal commission has reported.
Naturally, the coal mine owners
are not taking this loss without a
squawk 1t is not great deal more
than a chirp, however, because the
production of coal dropped from
442, 000 900 tons in 1887 to 342, 900, 900
tons in 1888 That is pretty rapid
reducing, even if the industry were
really fat.
In consequence of this, and other
conditions affecting labor and prop
erty, Representative Allen, Penn
sylvania Democrat, has introduced
in the house a bill to reconstruct the
Guffey law. His proposal would
eliminate the price fixing; it would
eliminate the special tax on the coal
industry for upkeep of the high pow
cred, but more or less futile, coal
commission, and it would place the
industry again on a basis where its
individual mines would be compet-
ing for public patronage instead of
inducing bootlegging of coal.
mentioned above that the indus
try had lost money. Well, you and
l, as buyers and consumers of coal,
not to mention the thousands of
great manufacturing plants using
coal, also lost money because of the
Guffey law. We lost money because
of the price conditions. We would
be penalized in a big way if the
coal commission could ever have
accomplished the almost insur-
mountable job of establishing a set
of federally fixed prices. 1t would
have cost us money because we
would pay the price that was fixed.
and that price would have to be
high enough to allow a profit for
the lowest grade and most ineffi-
| cient mine operator
The Coolidge examiner., 1939-04-13

WASHINGTON.-Unsounda and un-
workable laws have way of con-
cealing their weaknesses for vary
ing lengths of time. 1t seems to be
true, however, that those weak
nesses, like ones sins, will be found
out. This is especially true of writ
ten laws that are predicated upon a
formula of how things ought to be
done, rather than upon the basis OF
known acts and customs and living
conditions of the people who make
up our nation.
Take the old NRA, for example.
Its glaring weaknesses and impossl-
BILE prescriptions were discovered
rather soon by the persons and busl-
nesses who had to abide by the
terms of that law. 1t was not so
long, however, before most OF US
discovered that the artist who had
sketched the original design Of the
blue eagle had made mistake. You
will recall, of course, that the de-
sign had 13 feathers in one wing
and IL in the other. That was bound
to make the bird fly in circle, and
how true it was of the law, itself!
Even, then, there were many per-
sons who believed the law was not
given a sufficient trial before the Su-
preme court moved it down.
Among those who held a convic-
ton that NRA would work was
Senator Guffey, the Pennsylvania
New Dealer. 1t is the same Sena-
tor Guffey who attempted to de-
stroy, politically, all Democrats
who disagreed with President Roose-
velt-tried to read them out of the
party in a radio address.
Senator Guffey, with the aid of
John L. Lewis and the c. l. O.,
pushed through congress the So
called Guffey-little NRA coal law.
The coal industry was divided in
sentiment about the bill, as l re-
member the legislative battle, but
Senator Guffey won. There came
about a national bituminous coal
commission, with power to fix
prices, with power to compel lot
of other things, including the right
of punishment under other laws if
coal mine owner should commit the
horrible crime of selling below cost
in order to get rid of his coal.
The Coolidge examiner., 1939-04-13
AROUND
THE HOUSE

For Nervous Fingers.-If you
are continually breaking eggs
when trying to separate them, try
breaking the eggs one at time
into a funnel which has been
placed over a jelly tumbler. The
white will pass through the funnel,
leaving the yolk in the funnel.
When Tinting.-Before tinting or
dyeing fabrics be sure to have
them clean and free from spots
or stains which may show up
afterwards.
Peeling New POtatoes.-When
scraping new potatoes, use tin
sci pot cleaner kept especially for
the purpose instead of a knife.
When Heating Milk. - Put a
spoon or pie funnel into the sauce
pan, and when the milk boils it
will not run over the sides.
Soda for Cleaning.-Baking soda
will keep your refrigerator clean
and sweet at all times. Whether
it is an electric, oil, gas or ice re-
frigerator, clean it inside and out
with damp cloth sprinkled with
baking soda, or wash it with
baking soda solution, a handful to
a basin of water.
The Coolidge examiner., 1939-04-13
Coal Operators Are Left With
Supply in Sizes Not Needed

The 30-day limit also has had an
other effect. When a mine owner
could make a years contract or
number of such contracts, he knew
whether it was lump coal or stove
coal or slack that his customers
needed Without contract, the big
buyers naturally shop around to get
the lowest price. A mine operator,
therefore, may sell to one firm one
month and the next month, some
other mine will supply the coal, The
result is that one mine may find it.
self with hundreds of tons, or even
thousands of tons, of lump coal when
all that can be sold in given month
is slack or stove coal.
Well, it is the ordinary practice in
business that if too large stock is
on hand, prices are reduced to in
dUHe someone to buy. But not so in
the soft coal industry under the CUT
fey law. If the price is reduced be-
low the actual cost of mining, costs
approved by bunch of accountants
sitting here in Washington, the law
steps in-not the Guffey law, but two
other laws. They are the federal
trade commission act and the Rob-
inson-Patman act. Under either one
of these laws, the mine operator
who cuts prices below costs becomes
tagged as a very bad boy who must
be punished by fine or impriSon-
ment So, the unwanted coal lies in
piles beside the mine, crumbling and
becoming of less value daily as the
weather takes it's toll.
o Western Newspaper Union.
The Coolidge examiner., 1939-04-13
Another Tug of War BetWeen
Coal Miners and Operators

One of the reasons the mine own
ers lost money was because many
who supported the law were con-
Vinced it would mean increased
wages for the workers. The United
Mine Workers of America, headed
by Mr.. Lewis, believed so, and two
years ago they demanded and OBJ
tanned an increase of 10 per cent.
During the debate on the bill in con-
gress it was talked freely that the
miners could get a wage increase
and it could be passed on to the con-
sumers. This would be true, it was
said, because the coal commission
would fix the prices and the selling
price. as fixed by law, would have
to be above production costs. Ger
lain !, labnr's wage is part of pro-
The Coolidge examiner., 1939-04-13
Simply Became an Added
Expense Borne by Industry

Again, it was expected that these
costs and taxes would be absorbed
nice word for concealing the facts
from the conSumers-in the selling
price that was to be fixed. But, as
l reported earlier, the commission
never quite got around to fixing the
prices under the current law.
Hence, the hundreds of thousands of
dollars which the laws sponsors
said would be passed on simply be-
came an added expense borne by
the industry.
The law has another feature which
you and l, as individuals, do not feel
directly. 1t is another one of those
concealed things. The law specifies
that no contract can be signed be-
tween operator and consumer to last
for more than 80 days. That is to
say, no price can be quoted for
more than so days in advance. That
may not appear important, but it
is highly important.
The practice Of large users of coal
is to enter into contract for sup
ply of coal to last, for example, for
a whole years operation. Having
such contract the owner of the man.
ufacturing establishment, for in
stance, will be able to know what his
fuel costs are when calculating the
price of the goods he manufactures
and sells. Fuel costs are important,
and it therefore becomes plain that
large users of fuel have an unknown
factor in their expense item for a
years plans. What do they do?
They have to estimate that item,
and they take the maximum that
they can expect to pay for coal
and users of their product have to
pay that added amount whether in
breakfast food or harvesting ma
chinery or railroad freight rates.
That one feature of the law alone
has completely disorganized the coal
industry.
The Coolidge examiner., 1939-04-13
Weekly News Analysis
German 'Encirclement' Rushed
But Poland Fears Firm Stand
by Joseph w. La Bine-

and Memel conquests, Japan has
struck again. The victim: France,
who in 1888 laid formal claim to the
seven Spratly islands lying $50 miles
southwest of the American Philip
pines, $50 miles west of British Bor-
neo and $50 miles east of French
Indo-China.
Though discovered in 1867, the is
lands went unclaimed until Frances
declaration of sovereignty. Useful
economically only for phosphate, the
Spratly group offers japan snug
haven for seaplanes and submarines
which might disrupt French British
u. S. trade. At Tokyo the foreign
office pointed out that Japs have
worked Spratly phosphates since
1917, investing capital and establish
ing small settlements. But since
France neglected to establish ad-
ministrative jurisdiction Ga grave
oversight Japan decided to claim
the reefs Ito eliminate disadvan-
tages and inconveniences."
The expected result Of Frances
protest: Nothing.
The Coolidge examiner., 1939-04-13
Miscellany

Figured, by New York's Rep.
Bruce Barton, that the stock market
usually gains when President Roose
welt goes fishing or vacationing, usu
ally falls when he goes on a speak
ing tour.
Q Struck, $4,000 Appalachian coal
miners after eastern soft coal op
orators and United Mine Workers
representative failed to agree il
wage-hour negotiations.
0 Signed, by Russia and Japan, a
one-year pact permitting Tokyo fish
ing fleets to operate off Soviet Asiat
ic waters, thereby avoiding an al
most certain clash this month.
The Coolidge examiner., 1939-04-13
Europe

"The regime of pre-roar days had
bur one fauif-it kneIo the deuilish
plan OF encircling and attacking us,
yet IL lacked The potoer or UiH to toard
it of No pot0er in the t0Orld can
euer again force us 10 our knees"
Thus spoke Adolf Hitler at Will
helmshaven, one day after Britain's
Prime Minister Chamberlain had
shocked the world by promising to
defend Poland against Nazi aggres-
sion. Though Der Fuehrer barked
boldly. it appeared the heretofore
Intellectual Stop Hitler drive had at
The Coolidge examiner., 1939-04-13
Asia

For almost a year Japanese ag-
gression against French-British CO.
lonial interests has followed on the
heels of European dictator coups.
With London and Paris jittery after
Munich. Tokyo walked into Canton.
On February 10. just after Italian
troops helped General Franco cap
ture Barcelona and put democracies
on the run again, Japan occupied
strategic Hainan island which was
smack in the middle of the French
British sphere of interest. More
over. the seizure defied an earlier
agreement with France.
With France and Britain again jit-
terry in the wake of Hitler's Czech
The Coolidge examiner., 1939-04-13
Labor

The unhappy plight of U. S.
due either to ID the Wagner labor
relations act, or (2) American Fed
Grafton of Labor's battle with Con-
gress of Industrial organizations.
Like an impatient school teacher,
both congress and the White House
have resolved to end this squabble,
the White House by sponsoring A. F.
Of L.-C. /. o. peace talks, congress
by amending the Wagner act.
When April IL was chosen start
ing date for senate committee hear
ings on Wagner amendments, labor
peace talks were in full bloom. But
so strong are the workingman's feel
ings about the proposed changes that
many a peace advocate thought
hearings might have been delayed
until labor's warning factions either
make up or draw swords.
To amend the Wagner act, con-
gress can pick from four sets of pro-
posals, all opposed by c. l. O., three
of them submitted by coherent fac
tions with special interests:
ID BY Massachusetts Sen. David
l. Walsh, obviously favored by A. F.
Of L., which opposes all other pro-
posals: Curtail the national labor
relations boards power to invalidate
union contracts; require NLRB elec-
tions by craft rather than by in.
dustrial units; permit employer pc.
titions for elections; permit appeals
in representation cases.
(2l By Nebraska's Sen. Edward
R. Burke, and supported by the po-
tent, strike-weary National Associa.
ton of Manufacturers Require thai
NLRB have representative from la.
Dor, management and the public;
outlaw deduction of union dues from
pay envelopes; outlaw coercion"
by either employers or unions; es-
tablish code of unfair labor prac
tees" for unions as well as EN-
ployers; forbid strikes unless ma.
jority of employees approve; require
all union officials to be U. S. citi-
zens; permit transfer of unfair la.
Dor practice" charges from NLRB
to federal district court.
81 By Oregon's Sen. Rufus Hol-
man: To split NLRB's duties. Ad-
ministrative and investigatory pow
er would be vested in labor rela-
tions commissioner. Final decisions
would be made by a nine-member
labor appeals board.
a. BY Kentucky's Sen. M. M. Lo-
gan, supported by the National
Grange and other farm groups: To
extend exemption of agricultural
workers under the Wagner act to
professors and packers of farm
produce.
The Coolidge examiner., 1939-04-13

lected, it consti-
tutes a good third
of the nations
territory, a fer
tile land for ex-
pansion in days
to come. But Ger
many also seeks
to expand, and
surprised Argen-
tinians recently
read in their
newspaper Noti-
cias Grafcas the
unSubSt tantiated
The Coolidge examiner., 1939-04-13
WHO'S
NEWS
THIS
- - - @ ~
WEEK
By LEMUEL F. PARTON

NEW YORK.-Just year ago,
~ Will H. Hays noted possibly
regrettable tendency of the movies
toward 'escapism." This led to
rn suggestions that
Billy Hays NoW he was sue
A Matter of cumbing to the
Fact Eudemonist verbal enchant-
ments of the
Hollywood intelligentsia. That all
blew over, but here is Mr.. Hays
today frankly proclaiming himself a
eudemonist. Our somewhat con-
servative dictionary is bit vague
about it, but, in his rough outlines,
eudemonist seems to be one who
believes in fairies.
In his annual report as president
of the Motion Picture Producers &
Distributors of America, Mr.. Hays
cites with satisfaction the record
box-office success of Snow White
and the Seven Dwarfs," and is hap
py that there are still number of
eudemonistS left in the world"
There is no disparaging or invidious
reference to on-eudemonistS, but,
since Mr.. Hays also reports with
qualification that there are no
''isms" and no social significance"
in Snow White" it is perhaps
fair inference that such black witch
cry is the dramatic antithesis.
Practicing law in Sullivan,
Ind, the hOmespun, sagaciOus
MIR. Hays was no rising young
eudemonist. That came later. He
was, however, rising young
Republican politician and
Presbyterian elder, one of the
6eftest inner-circle technicians
of the Indiana party tourna-
ments, where professional stand
ards and scoring are high. That
led him inevitably to what
statesmen of his earlier day
used to call political prefer
ment," and, as postmaster gen.
eral in President Harding's
cabinet, he exercised political
power cf wide range and pene-
tration.
For seventeen years now, he has
headed the moving picture industry.
The Coolidge examiner., 1939-04-13

last taken small roots, and that Ger
many was indeed being encircled.
Outside of Russia, which still
SCOTS at French-British solidarity
efforts. Rumania and Poland are
eastern Europe's principal anti-Nazi
frontiers. Even as Mr.. Chamberlain
announced the new Polish guaran-
tee, France was busying herself with
Rumania. In Paris the French
agreed to double their purchase of
Rumanian oil and slash go per cent
off import duties on Rumanian farm
products. Thus will King Carols
Bucharest government be protected
from complete economic overload
ship under the new trade treaty
forced by Germany.
Within few more days other re-
suits appeared. Rumania and Po-
land, with French-British blessing,
repeatedly renovated their two
power military alliance to make it
operative against Germany as well
as Soviet Russia. At the same time
Britain apparently extended border
guarantees to Rumania.
There was good likelihood, how
ever. that scoffing Russia might be
right. En- route to London for a
three-day conference, Poland For
eign Minister Josef Beck found
chilly reception in Berlin, which
probably made him acutely aware
that he must make no rash commit
ments to the British. After strad-
ding the political fence for years,
Poland had its choice between mer-
cy at the hands of Germany or a
security" with France and Britain,
the latter meaning little in the light
of Czecho-Slovakia's experience.
A good sign Of Polish thought was
the comment in Kurjer Poranny,
semi-official newspaper: There is
no alliance or bloc the British
commitments are not in contradic-
tion to nonaggression treaties signed
by Poland with Germany and Rus
sia., =. Poland always tries to con-
form not only to the formal side of
these treaties but also to their spirit.
The Coolidge examiner., 1939-04-13

In southern Argentina lies little
known Patagonia, black section on
man on which 267. 900 square miles
live only 77,75O souls. Though neg
The Coolidge examiner., 1939-04-13

report of an outrageous plan:
Germany's Argentine embassy is
said to have advised the Berlin CO.
lonial office that Patagonia is no.
body's land and we can annex it
Argentina considers it hers on
the basis of outdated political
ideas" Another passage alegedly
said the report was submitted with
"the theoretical supposition that the
whole territory should be annexed
as field for settlement and eco
nomic activity by Germans.
While the German embassy fVmed
and denied, all departments of the
Argentine government were ordered
to start Investigations. What might
otherwise be an unimportant issue
may have great effect, for Argentina
alone among South American ma
tions has been loathe to break away
from German trade alliances. If
Patagonia is indeed threatened, Bue-
nos Aires will be quick to seek shell
ter in Pan-American solidarity.