Evening star., 1939-10-27
Pope
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pathy of the whole world while it
awaits the hours of resurrec-
ton in harmony with principles OF
justice and true peace
Pope Plus described his "eXpecta-
ton and conviction that each party
will respect its "plighted word in
treaties as an indispensable condi-
ton of peace.
He said peace could not be
achieved until both sides are ready
to enter into discussion and avoid
recourse to force or threats of force
in case of delays, hindrances,
changes or disputes
Urges Frank Discussions.
The Pope acknowledged that
treaties might become outdated with
the passing of time. In such cases,
he said recourse should be had to
frank discussion with a view to
modifying the treaty or making an
other in its stead
But to consider treaties on prin-
ciple as ephemeral" he declared,
land tacitly to assume the authority
of resembling them unilaterally
when they no longer are to ones
advantage would be to abolish all
mutual trust among states"
Turning from causes of the pres
ent war to prospects of more en-
during settlement at its conclusion,
the Pontlff asked whether there
would be new international order
animated by justice and by equity
toward all' or repetition of ancient
and recent errors
The hour of victory, he warned, is
'the hour of temptation" and the
danger exists that settlements and
decisions born in such condition
may be nothing else than injustice
under the cloak of Justice
The only hope for the future, the
pontiff said. was that the new order
AIiclSob VI lCotA1lS VII 4ulIhSdllCo VI
ephemeral standards that depend
only on selfish interests of groups
and individuals" should be based on
an "unshakeable foundation on the
solid rock of natural law and divine
revelation"
The Pope recalled with sorrow the
failure of his own efforts to avert
war. His Holiness said he considered
1t his his to try every means to
spare mankind and Christianity the
horrors of world confagration even
at the risk of having our intentions
and our aims misunderstood"
Our advice, if heard with respect,
was not, however, followed" he OBJ
served
The Pope expressed especially his
sorrow for Poland, saying, The
blood of countless human beings
even non-combatants, raises a pite-
ous dirge over a nation such as our
dear Poland, which, for its fidelity
to the church, for its services in the
defense of Christian civilization
written in indelible characters in the
annals of history, has the right to
generous, brotherly sympathy of the
whole world" The pontiff promised
to do all in his power to hasten re-
turn of peace. He would continue
his efforts, he said, trusting in
those statesmen who before the out
break of war nobly toiled to avert
such a scourge from their peoples
trusting in millions of souls in all
countries of every sphere who call
not for justice alone, but for love
and mercy
The Pope said it was the function
of the state to direct private in
dividual activities toward the COM
mon good.
That good can neither be defined
according to arbitrary ideas nor car
1t accept for its standard primarily
the material prosperity of society,
he continued.
ITO consider the state something
ultimate to which everything else
should be subordinated and directed
can not fail to harm the true lasting
prosperity of nations.
This can happen either when un'
restricted dominion comes to be con-
ferred on the state as having man.
date from the nation, the people OF
even a social class or when the state
arrogates such dominion to itself as
absolute master deSpotically without
any mandate whatsoever"
His holiness expressed concern
over the education of youth problem
which occasionally has brought the
church into conflict with the state
as in the controversy with Italy ovel
Catholic action.
1t is dangerous, the Pope said, fol
a family group to be considered
from the narrow standpoint of ma
tional power
In such circumstances. he de.
clared, the education of the new
generation would not aim at a bal.
anced development of physical pow.
ers and all intellectual and mora
qualities, but would be a one-sidee
forma ton of the civic picture con
sidered necessary in attaining politi
cal success"