davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1939-02-11

in homes. churches and st. Peter
square. praying for the soul of the
deceased pontiff.
His last word, murmured as ne
entered his death agony, wal
Peace
A few minutes before. as hs
fought for breath, he had said:
We still have so many things
to do
Bells Began ToIling
The bells of st. Peters and othef
churches began to toll. and special
editions of newspapers Informed
the people that a beloved spiritual
father had died. The bells were
to have pealed in rejoicing twice
this week end-tomorrow TO eele-
brate the 10th anniversary of the
lateran treaty which restored the
popes to temporal power after
nearly so years; Sunday 10 cele-
brate the 18th anniversary OF the
popes enforcement.
Arrangements were made at
once TO prepare the ceremonial
vatican throne room a. death
chamber. The pope's bod, was
taken to IL today to lie in
state.
Three cardinals were named TO
assist Cardinal Pacelli as acting
head Of the church until the cleo
ton of a new pope;
Gennaro. Cardinal Granite Pig
natelh di Belmonte. dean of the
Order of Bishops.
villa m. Cardinal O'Connell.
archbishop of Boston. Mass. dean
of the Order of Priests.
Camille. Cardinal Caccis Domin-
ioni. dean of the Order Of Deacons.
O'ConneIl Now Senior
Cardinal O'Connell. now at Mas
sau. Bahamas islands, became SEN
ior cardinal-priest Dec. "a on the
death of Cardinal De SKI bensky Of
Germany.
Speculation started al once re-
garding the man who would De
named TO succeed Pope Plus II as
the 262nd head of the church
Numerous names We're mentioned
of cardinals whom the sacred col
lege. at the solemn secret conelave
might choose 10 assume the spirit
ual leadership of more than 400
600 900 people
There had been speculation,
during the YEAR, OF the popes
failing health. whether non
Italian cardinal. possibly an
American. might be- named To
leadership. The general feel
ing vas that. A. has been Gus
tomary. an Italian would bf
named.
Pope Plus. born May 81. 1871.
and looking forward 10 celebrating
MS SIND birthday this spring SUI
fered an attack Of cardiac asthma
IN his library Monday afternoon
while reading kilograms from al
over the world congratulating nm
on the anniversary Of the historic
lsteran treaty and Of his o~n en-
thronement Yesterday Il became
apparent that his condition Was
urgently grave.
: Dr.. Giovanni ROcchi called IN
Dr.. Bianchi Cess. Three DAYS Of
PRAYER we're ordered for the pope
recovery. II was announced late
IN the afternoon that there vas
general weakening OF his condition.
Continued on Page :. Column y
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1939-02-11
/ Mercury
Down 10
y Here
Suburban Areas Get
l0-Dserss Minimum
While 3 Il Highest,
May Rain Saturday

Tacoma on Friday had its
coolest day in two years. hut
indications are Saturday will
he warmer.
The mercury shot up tn -
shortly after Z p, m. today.
after registering ~ III Ia m.
lovess aimee Jan. ~. 1897.
when III MAS recorded. High
est temperature for the -
hours ending al IA. w. wsN ~.
District. sssssi.ls ths city report.
al temperatures eon~ttt~v MY
lo,ssr thar these ~ the weather.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1939-02-11
Concluding Lateran Treaty
Was Greatest Achievement

The outstanding event which marks the pon,ifeate Of
Plus XI of the great epochs in the annals Of the
Church Of Rome the conclusion Of the Laeran treaty
the 18th day Of February the year 1929 II restored
the temporal sovereignty Of the though the territorial
domain reduced from group Of great and ancient
provinces 70 a mere lhunbs length Of ground
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1939-02-11

Baptized in 1857 as Ambrose
Damian Achille Rstti. the pontiff
rose from peasant boy in the little
Italian town of Desio to become a
powerful international figure dur
+ ing a critical period in world af-
fairs. His death was mourned by
millions Of the faithful in every
corner Of the world.
In the years after he was
crowned as Bishop Of Rome IN
1922. Pope Plus made many i'm
portant contributions 10 the his
tory of the Catholic church. but
the Lateran treaty Of 1e29-end-
ing so years of strife with the
Italian state-was probably the
most notable.
The treaty ended the voluntary
Imprisonment Of popes within the
walls of the Vatican and estsb-
lished the tiny state Of Vatican
City with 100 acres and 800 in
Ia bitsnts within its boundaries
The accord. which esta blished di-
rect diplomatic relations between
Italy and the Holy See for the first
time in history. was largely the
work Of Pope Plus and Fascist
Premier Benito Mussolini.
Alert 10 Modern Ideas
Known as missionary pope
the Holy Father was constantly
alert 10 modern ideas and trends
He mOdefuized the Vatican in
many ways. including ests blish-
ment OF great radio station. and
his official acts reflected his keen
interest IN cultural developments
throughout the world In recent
years. he frequently spoke with
sorrow Of such trends A. the Sazi
and Fascist racial programs
In the closing months u his
.eign Pope Piux N was grsvely
concerned with the rise Of polit-
ically directed snti-feligion on
many fronts
Most serious was the upsufge Of
anti Semitism IN Nazi Germany.
with concurrent attacks on both
Catholic and Protestant religious
leaders and increased stress on
what the Vatican considered the
neo-pags Of nazism
Prom the pspscy also has come
opposition 10 the appearance Of
snti-Semitism in Italy. patterned
closely upon the "Aryan- policies
Of Adolf Hitler.
The Holy Father feared the
spread OF communion from the
borders Of the Soviet Union and
spoke frequently Of the dangers 10
religion arising from Mar1ds. ma
terialism
supporter OF Franco
Together with most of the Cath
Lolie hierarchy and priesthood ne
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1939-02-11

nasa lsssss sssas1 . ~ ~.
sAs. ssktsu TsseWss~~ ~ -
fsssvs sb~tv t~esnessa sstee<.
awsiaa ~ ps~sess eee1 svea
rkes ss29s~tsa plnesag sMunll
smsssss ~ sNsait - e1s<n Weev
sssnauies Ms ~ se~A 49, -
ws~As. hsvsa 49, sspe3 ~ es~es4
W(s9a atse are twee ~ swcoou
sepses. " wss ps1see1 ~.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1939-02-11

favored the cause Of Generaiissimo
Francisco Franco IN the Spanish
civil war and was concerned with
the strife between Japan and
China both because of its possible
effect upon missionary work In the
Far East and the ultimate results
Of the wartime. alliance % Gene--
alissimo Chang kai-shek's ma
tionalist government with the
Communist armies Of Mao Tss-
tung.
These worries and the strain Of
mere routine duties and ella borste
ceremonies Of his office. taxed the
once vigorous constitution and eA-
traordinsry vitality which N his
youth had found expression Ia the
pefilous sport Of mountain climb
ing. Despite the constant urging
Of his associates. he insisted upon
fulfilling even the most routine
duties. holding that when death
came he wanted IL To find him Al
work.
This vigorous spirit Wa best eX-
emplified perhaps in the modern
izstiOn Of mis- tiny temporal en-
pire He abandoned the horse and
buggy for American automobiles.
built and used radio station.
made talking films. Instituted
American library methods and
built a railroad
Everything Made Modern
All the appointments Of Vatican
city. from the watering system 10
farm and dairy. we're brought up
10 date
He extended this modern spirit
into MS personal relationships and
those Of ms Attendants This com
binstiOn Of vitality and modern
efficiency Vas fortunate for he
reign one Of the most monen-
tous IN the history Of the papscy.
II saw the healing Of the breach
between the church and the Ifal-
ian state. which had It's origin
IN 1870 when Italian soldiers cap
tured the imperial city and
brought about loss Of the temporal
power which the popes had en-
JOyed for 100 years.
While some Of his predecessors
had been called the prisoner Of
the Vatican" Pope Plus II be-
came known a. the pope Of the
Cancellation. through tao years
Of negotiation which led up 10
signing Of the treaty. an act which
he said restored God TO Italy and
Italy TO God. q"
Entered Seminary Early
The piety which distinguished
MS reign was apparent even 10
years after his birth. on May 81.
1887. in the little Lombard town
( Continued OF Page Z Column ~
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1939-02-11
Plus Reign Noteworthy in
Craftsmanship of World

VATICAN CITY-Piux XI, the 261st pope of the Holy
Roman church and spiritual leader of 400000000 souls died
today
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1939-02-11

BANK TRANSACTIONS
Tacoma ........-....s2,3 81 900
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1939-02-11

The piety which distinguished
his reign was apparent even 10
years after his birth, on May 81.
1887. in the little Lombard town
Continued OF Page (, Column ~
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1939-02-11
supporter OF Franco

Suppoftfr OF Franco
Together with most of the Cath
Iolie hierarchy and priesthood ne
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1939-02-11
Weather Forecas,

SNOW tonight, po>s.
rain SUNDAY. High, 81
low, sun rises iss29.
SETS i::2s.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1939-02-11

Uhsn Wilson proposed his vast
naval construction program in
iis. ne Immediately spotted the
Middle Vest as trouble area.
CONTINUED on Page 6, Column 81
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1939-06-23
WILL STRESS
MUSIC STUDY
First Recital Is to
Be on June % at
First Methodist

To interest pupils and parents in
the value of music study through
the summer months the Tacoma
Music Teachers club Is sponsor
Ing a series of joint recitals and
radio programs. First Of the re-
citals will be at the First Metho-
dist church Thursday evening,
June 20. at Sis. The program has
been arranged under the direction
of Leona Mcqueen. Hostesses VIII
be Coralie Fiaskett. Dorothy Jenk-
ms. and Jeanne Farrow kimes.
Piano pupils will be from the
studios of Iona Huseby, Mona
O'Conner, Alta Mercer, Helen
Congdon, Adcline Fos Foreman,
Viola Shoemake. Leona Mcqueen,
Madge Hurd. and lara barrow.
Voice pupils are being presented
by Frank Nurding. George Mitchell
and Mary Humphrey King.
The program includes "Musette'
tBach); The Wood Thrush
tRodgers). Marilyn Spike. The
Ponv Race" tFrimD, Leo Marko-
vich. Kaleidoscope" tAlexander).
Virginia Bergman. "Arabesque
LACK, Frances NARROWER.
"sapphic' Ode" tBrahms) Aria
"Dio Possente" (Gounod). Norman
Smith. Rustic of Spring" tSind-
insl. Russian Dance" tEngle-
mani. Dona Rae Mowre. Les
Siivains" tChaminade). The But
terfly" (Lavallee), Fred Wepfer.
ships of Arcadia Head;
.'Fishers Widow" tEdward). Gene
vive Bitney. "Loreley" tsecling);
witches Dance" tMacDowelD.
Catherine Sweet "kammenoi
Ostrow" tRubinstein). Hatsuye
Kurose. "1mpromptu in c Minor
(Rhcinhold), Helen Jean Darling.
"where Fer You Walk" tHandeD;
"Rejoice Greatly" tHandeD. Nor
man Abelson. "Scherzo in B Flat |
Minor" Chopin, Maude Snyder.
Other recitals are being ar
ranged for July IS. Mason Metho-
dist church; July ~, United Pres
byterian church. Places of recitals
August 10 and ~ and September
Z will be announced. Radio pro-
grams are every Thursday at 4:45
?. m. over kMO.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1939-06-23
WATER Shut OFF IN
FARMLAND ON FRIDAY

Water service will be shut off
between s a. m. and 2 p. m. Friday
in Falkland while a new water
main is being cut in. it was an
nounced Thursday. 1t may be
possible to maintain some serv-
ices, but the pressure on these
will be low, officials of the Park
land Light and Water Co. said.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1939-06-23
H E RES MORE A BOU I
FOREIGN AFFAIRS

japanese ultimatum TO foreign
warships. It was understood today
ct London.
A British spokesman. in the
first direct threat of reprisals by
an authoritative source. said that
II Japan continued its policy. 1T
will obviously lead to counter
measures. The position can not
20 on indefinitely
The British government was be-
heved to have decided to give the
fullest support to the British navy
commanders In the Far East who,
with American navy men, defied
the japanese ultimatum.
It was indicated the prompt
action Of Admiral Yarnell in re-
jecting the Japanese ultimatum.
consider ably encouraged the
British government to xtiffen its
own position.
REHABILITATION
British naval sources said Japan
lacked any right whatever 10 order
foreign vessels out Of Chinese ter
ritorial waters.
The paralysis Of trade ut Tent
Sin affected American business
men. The United States protested.
The japanese navy refused to per-
NIT food to % to the blockaded
island Of Kulangsu. the foreign
settlement Of Annoy. Americans
were affected and the United
States again protested. The Jap
anese navy ordered all foreigners.
and al foreign warships, to get
out Of Swallow. and Admiral Var
nell promptly told the Japanese
that Americans and the Pillsbury
would not get out.
Thus, the United States and
Britain were both involved now
IN Z situation Il increasing serious
ness.
AAO4VS WA094kN0ION
Yarnell sent word to japanese
naval officials that their demand
for withdrawal Of the. Pillsbury
from Swallow had not relieved
them from the slightest degree
Of responsibility for damage or
injury" to American naval vessels
" personnel.
The Pillsbury il commanded by
Lieut.. Comdr. Alva ]. Spriggs,
Word war veteran who wears two
naval decorations.
Yarnell radioed . report on his
actions to Admiral William d.
Leahy, chief Of naval operations,
Warrington. d. c.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1939-06-23
Baseball Games Sponsored
As Part of Americanism

The Tacoma lodge of Elks. as a
part of its Americanism program
this year, will sponsor the base
ball games at Athletic park Thurs
day and Friday nights between the
Tacoma Tigers and the Spokane
Indians.
THE keynote of the Elks' pro-
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1939-06-23
Raise Pheasants
In COUNTY, Jail

PITTSFIELD, Mass. -Berkshire
county commissioners have requi-
sitioned the state conservation de-
partment for 1000 dsy-old phea-
SAINTS. They plan to continue rails
ing pheasants at the county Jail
for release next fall in coverts
throughout the state.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1939-06-23

rams will come when the spectat-
ora stand and sing God Bless
America" which has been deoica'-
Cd to the 3. p. o. Z.
Preceding each game there VIII
be a concert by the Elks' band IN
the new uniforms which the con-
tests will help pay for.
Others on the baseball commit
tee are Harry ]. Lynch, Herb Nell
son. Mike Lsvelle, Bill Wiecking'
ANDY Anderson, Ken Scott. Jack
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1939-06-23

gram this year is 'Americanism,'
said Raymond p. Tarr, general
chairman of the Elks baseball
committee. Therefore it is fit
ting that we should sponsor base
ball games. The Elks are happy
to be able to lend their support to
a sport that has been maintained
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1939-06-23
BAckAcnE,
LEG PAINS May
BE DANGER SIGN

9i.arahla. dn.t juss complain asd do sotkiso
oboak tken- Natns nay b warning ysa ths3
oeW kdnsyD - sktsafioa.
Ihe 6dneys ~ Eatus's ehik vay a sAhins
(1uD $50 I'D peisone<n waste out of tks
49, NJ peeph - 49, pints Day =
obes< , ponn<s = Uasee-
k1equeef = smnfy panaao With snartsae
- hu1iae she~u fhere may b. sonsfhine
ureag With yeu tdnees q bladdef
4 ~ - nh 4 k5dnsy tubsa asd 6lfsss
9aet y9rk -, penoeoW vss<s matter sta,s
= the No.. 1hen Deiscns nay start sssrinG
eeekschm. rbennatis .pein. lss psins. los q
- 81 e.efU. sitting " nlghn. swelling.
oulnamun1wtkeWO.k an1aekn asd dissineuaL
peut -. Az yeer drucgst Ter Doas's
IN. - eueeanfu1y By nilhons fer ever %
6 - ; zss sss AZ sa. go :, ~ se e. =
- - - hssA q n,asis IN Adv.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1939-06-23

Reese. Jerry Geehan and Hnoe"
Hurlbut.
Tickets may be obtained al IN
Flks club and downtown cigar
stores or from members OF INV
Elks.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1939-02-24
SCHOOL BUS SAFETY
REGULATIONS

Annapolis, Nd, Feb. 11-Detel-
mined to cut down to the lowest
possible minimum the traffic casual
ties among School children of the
State, Particularly in the counties,
Governor O'Conor has given his un-
qualified approval to a bill now in
the Legislature, which provides that
all vehicles must stop at least ten
feet behind any school bus that has
stopped, or is preparing to stop, to
take on or discharge children.
The proposed Legislation will
make effective throughout all the
counties Of the state statute which
up to now has been in force in only
eight counties, namely, Carroll,
Charles, Wicomico, Frederick, How,
ard, Montgomery, Talbot and Wash.
ington.
Just as the Governor prepared tc
announce his approval to the bill
news was received from Washing
ton County of an accident, forum.
ately not attended with serious
consequences, where a school bus
that had stopped was struck by q
truck from the rear, and both bus
and truck badly damaged.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1939-02-24
THE SALES TAX

Retail sales-tax advocates have
marshaled their forces preparatory
to introduction of several sales-tax
proposals in the Legislature.
Mounting dissatisfaction with the
administration revenue proposals,
cornerstone of which is a sharply in
creased State income tax, brought
the sales-tax proposals to the fore.
]. Milton Dick (Rep., Allegany)
announced that he was preparing q
mo exemptions" fiat two per cent.
retail sales tax for Maryland.
Dicks proposal would give TWEEN
ty-five per cent. of the estimated
100000 revenue from the sales
tax to the counties on pro rata
basis, ear-marked for the reduction
on real estate levies. This clause
in the Dick measure was held GER
tain to entice support from that
bloc of the Legislature committed to
reduction of real property levies.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1939-02-24
Meaning of Name Malcolm

Malcolm is a very old name of
Celtic origin with the curious mean
ng disciple of st. Columbia. This
Sixth century Irish saint (also called
Colm) with his IL disciples travelled
about on missionary work and did
great deal of good, writes Florence
A. Cowles in the Cleveland Plain
Dealer. Malcolm Macdonald was
king of Scotland in the Tenth GEN.
fury. His grandson, Malcolm Mac
Kenneth (Mac meaning "son of'')
became king in 1908 and Malcolm
MacDuncan Canmore assembled The
throne in 1854, on the death of Mac
beth, who slew Canmore's father.
Yet another Malcolm, called The
Maiden, ruled Scotland in the
Twelfth century. So the name, pop
ular in Scotland, has a long and
honorable lineage.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1939-02-24
Beer Was Known to the
Man of Stone Age DAYS

SIT is amazing the lengths to
which the human race will go to
avoid drinking water" observes an
official of the Bureau of American
Ethnology. According to this au-
thority beer has been found in late
Stone age mems. jugs, but distilling
came later. The oldest record of it
is Aristotle's reference to "burn-
ing water" All over the world these
drinks have names that mean fire
water, not because of the fiery sensa-
ton in the throat but because they
can be set aflame with light.
Speakeasies where people secretly
drank tea, coffee and chocolate were
a social problem in Europe within
recent centuries. These three drinks
were introduced into Europe during
the exploration era around 1900 A.
D. All first were used as drugs and
then as habit-forming drinks of sup
oosedly wicked powers. Chocolate,
considered the most vicious, was tbs
subject of stringent prohibition laws.
Beer gardens and bars fourished
1000 years ago. A bar with all the
'amiliar features except the foot
'ail, was unearthed in ruins of
Ostia, seaport of Rome. The bar
n Ostia has a marble top, shelves
or the stock, a storage cellar for
vines, two stone seats for casual
customers and a garden at the back
where people evidently tarried to
rink, since there were bronze hooks
IN marble slab for hanging wraps.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1939-02-24
Scales Weigh the Great

For nearly four centuries the same
scales in Berry's wine shop, st.
James street, London, have been
Weighing England's and the worlds
famous personages. The shop was
originally a coffee house and the
purpose of the scales apparently was
to satisfy whim of the proprietor
who recorded signatures and
weights of his patrons in great leath-
IT covered books that were locked
With heavy brass locks, and kept in
a vault. The books are of great his
sorical value.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1939-02-24
SAFETY-GAINS ON THE
HIGHWAYS

In reporting that there was a saw
ing of at least 5000 lives for 1888
as compared with traffic fatalities in
1887, Paul G. Hoffman, president Of
the American Safety Foundation
shows that real safety gains have
been made because a lot of "guess-
ing" has had to step aside and
learn from the experience and
knowledge Of public officials and rec
ognized authorities who have fol-
lowed the example of the man from
Missouri who stood firm on, the
policy of "show me-"
Thirty-nine states and 307 cities
made safety records equal to, and
better, in 1898 than in previous
years. Mr.. Hoffman reports on the
rate of fatalities on basis of va
hicle-miles and shows that as com.
pared with 1885 that liz, 600 fewer
lives were lost, and the injured list
decreased 100000.
The STANDARD highway safety
program" is now endorsed by thirty
national organizations Since traffic
is essentially a local problem, any
State or community may have the
degree of traffic safety its citizens
and public officials determine to
achieve. Mr.. Hoffman predicts that
by -.-tering .ttsa,'oa on the sress
which have nigh traffic deaths, and
maintaining TIE gains we rave ,i:id,,
in areas whe. the rates has been
lowered, the pia;:cl natioffa. rate
of twelve deaths per 100. 600
vehicle-miles can be reduced to six
in reasonable period of years"
The cars are built almost fool
proof. The man at the wheel is the
cause of most of the accidents.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1939-02-24
Descendants of Morgan

On the island of Jamaica lives a
family named Morgan. 1t is more
tribe or clan than a family, but
the members are all related. Every
one of them is descended from Sir
Henry Morgan, the notorious bucca-
neer. The curious thing about this
group is that while Sir Henry was
an Englishman, and while an as
tonishing number of these multi
yreat-grandchiIdren of his have the
features of his portraits, they are
black people.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1939-02-24
More And More Women

Women's place in national poll
tics, Journalism, and Government
service Is producing new force in
our national life. In Washington
there are women on the Federal
bench, in top positions in the police
department, and in many of the
highest executive positions of the
Government. There are women in
Congress. This advancement to the
places of equality" has been going
on for number of years. Women
have won their spurs and have made
good!
Therefore their influence is bound
to spread and their power increase.
So, make your bow to new order
and don't make faces, either.
Women are gradually playing a
more and more important part in
the affairs of our country.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1939-02-24
History of Elevators

The elevator dates from a plat
form hoist made by Henry Water
man of New York in 1850, this being
a very crude affair operating be-
tween two floors. At about the same
time George H. Fox & Co. of Bos-
ton were building the same type of
elevator. In 1852 Elisha Graves Otis
began the manufacture of eleva-
tors in Yonkers, N. Y, and in 1854
invented the first safety device to
keep the car platform from falling.
The first platform elevator was in
stalled by Otis in 1857 in New York.
In 1878 Charles r. Otis invented the
safety governor. The first passen-
ger elevator in an office building was
of the steam-driven type and was
installed in New York in 1869.