davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Waterbury Democrat., 1939-02-06
CROSBY BEATEN

Torrlngton, Feb. 6-Connie Dona. hue's Torrington high cagers exper. fenced little trouble in disposing ei Crosby high of Waterbury in e league tilt Saturday night at the arinory. 44-23. Over 300 saw the locals come through with flying col- ors. The Donahuemen held q I6- point lead at the half.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1939-02-06
BLUE MERMEN WIN

. Meriden, Feb. 6-J. P. Manherz's Crosby high natators registered their sixth consecutive victory here Sat. urday night defeating Meriden highs splashers, 66-ie, as Jusalla set q new pool records in the 22o- yard free style, completing 1t in 2:3l.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1939-02-06

This weeks schedule; Tuesday, Toronto at Boston; Chicago at Americans; Thursday-American at Montreal; Boston at Rangers; De- trcit at Chicago. Saturday--Cana- diens at Toronto, Sunday-Toronto at Montreal; Detroit at Americans; Rangers ct Bston.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1939-02-06
MOUNT CARMEL WINS

The Mount Carmel basketball team piled up all early lead to de- feat the Oakville Dukes. g to 25, at the Brooklyn Y Saturday afternoon. Lacilla scored l2 points for the wia- ners while Gaughn annexed 10 for the Dukes. The Bethlehem Girls beat the Mount Carmel lassies in the prelim, 18-12.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1939-02-06
Ibes Stud Baseball Dinner
DOUOHBOY BOWLERS
 IN RARE FORM SUNDAY

The Reymond bakery bowling team took three straight from Henry's Tavern in . special match yesterday at the Mattatuck alleys. Not one member Of the winners fail. cd to bowl less than 100 in any of the three contests.
 The scores,
The Waterbury Democrat., 1939-02-06
EAGLES BOW AGAIN

New Haven, Conn.,, Feb G. U.P) The Springfield Indians defeated the New Haven Eagles, Bel, In an International American Hockey League game here last night.
 Springfield scored twice in the final period to clirch the game after Q see-saw battle.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1939-02-06
CADETS BOW TO STAMFORD 1925

Stamford, Feb. g. The highly touted Boys Club Cadets Of Water. bury dropped % to 26 decision to the local Boys Club Saturday night n a i've minute overtime period. The locals traiied at the half by three points. The box score:
 Ala aRanA na.ral GaI..A
The Waterbury Democrat., 1939-02-06
HOCKEY GAME TONIGHT

St. Apn's Flying Frepchmen. ratsS one of the best hockey teams in the city. will play the Hartford Hockey Club this evening at St. Ann's rink at 8:i5 o'clock.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1939-02-06
Waterbury Cadets

6OTc py pcTlOdb' Stamford Boys c. 6 2Ii s b-2o Waterbury Cadets 2 { 2 6 i--25
 Referee: Mott. Time: Four i0- minute periods and one 5-minute overtime period.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1939-02-06
Eve just joined the anti-billboard movement"
Merchandise
Musical Instruments

NoW-Demonstrating latest model Selmer Clarinet, No obligation. Mecca Music Go, 2o3 Bank St. 4-i422,
The Waterbury Democrat., 1939-02-06
Legal Notices
LIQUOR PERMIT NOTICE OF APPLICATION

This Is to give notice that !. St" ,Waterville, Conn, have filed an application dated Jan. .7th, 1859, with ths hiaaor Control d.S,', G9mmlssISSn 9n. sale of alcoholic llguor on the premlses, iii.ile Willow s., Wa ierbury, Conn. The business is own. cd by The Fulton Markets, ine., of 996 East Aurora St.. Waterbury, GGonP9, end VIII be eendsstsa , gS sin,,, ey Y St., WHterville, Conn., as permlttee.
 DANIEL NJ. SULLIVAN, JR,
 Dated Jan, 21th, 1889, is3o-9.G
The Waterbury Democrat., 1939-02-06
For Rent Real Estate

D Apartments and Tsnemen.s
The Waterbury Democrat., 1939-02-06

HEATED APARTMENT Srd floor at 2S2 Willow st. Reasonable. Dial 3.207t.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1939-02-06
When You Need Domestic Or Clerical Help,s Dial 4-212l And Place A "Hep Wanted" Ad Here
Rooms, Board, Hoteis
ssss.s sna ss.ra

BOYs' CLUB, Cottage Place Nice roOmA UwlmminR uuoL an hume cooking Reception rcona Mod. crate priceR
The Waterbury Democrat., 1939-02-06

( RMS.--Heated $S0. Store suitable for Beauty Parlor, Tailor, Cleaner, etc. Dial S.2eei.
Evening star., 1939-07-17

Charge 1t. Nothing Down
Pay $4.95 Monthly for ; Months

The best buy in town.
Genuine tropical
worsteds, beautifully
tailored and trimmed.
Rich new greys,
greens, blues, browns,
plain and sport mod
els. Save $500 on
every suit.
White Suits
Reduced to $l4.85
Evening star., 1939-07-17
| Stone Hurled
At Man, so,
| And Bride, Is
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, July TIA stone
hurled through the windowpane of
a third-floor apartment interrupted
the wedding breakfast today of 60
year-old Carmelo Locapira and his
16-year-old bride after police and
f1remen checked a crowd of 100
shouting men and women who tried
to break up their marriage ceremony
last night.
An hour after the stone throwing
episode, while Mr.. Locapira was still
trying to calm his sobbing young
wife, the former Torsilla Minich-
ieli, man Mr.. Locapira identified
as his first wife's brother, raised q
row outside their door.
The gray-haired bridegroom told
police his brother -in-law, Joe Ba-
nacci, banged on the door and shout
ed at him to vacate the apartment,
asserting the furniture belonged to
his late sister.
Neighbors called police. BY the
time six policemen arrived the man
disappeared. A crowd of $50 persons
in front of the building vehemently
argued the pros and cons Of the
marriage.
Mr.. Locapira barricaded himself
and his bride behind locked doors
once more, tersely announcing:
'There'll be no honeymoon. Thing
are exciting enough already"
Evening star., 1939-07-17

cradle extra expense. Urged by
warehousemen in the interior part Of
the Cotton Belt-where virtually all
the surplus cotton is stored-the
amendment would require that cot
ton to be delivered to Great Britain
be classed and graded where it is
now located.
Administration spokesmen explain
the agreement requires that such
grading be done at Gulf of Mexico
and Atlantic coast seaports from
which 1t is to be shipped. They say
the British government would not
accept grading done elsewhere.
It has been the governments plan
to move 1000, 900 bales of the loan
cotton from interior warehouses to
seaports, where 100000 bales OF the
class and grade requested by Great
Britain would be selected. The
balance would be retained at the
ports for possible disposal under
other agreements that might be
made.
Interior warehousemen were said
to oppose this plan because 1t would
deprive them Of storage revenue
now being received on the cotton
1t has been costing the government
about $45,000,0 a year for storage
Of loan stocks which now total about
II ,250,000 bales.
Congressional leaders said that If
the House adopted the proposed
amendment, there might be a dead
lock with the Senate, with the result
that nothing would be done at this
session.
Evening star., 1939-07-17
Coffon-Rubber Barter
With Britishk May
Face Delay
Committee Studies
Amendment to Grade
Boles at Present Sites
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
Fulfillment Of the agreement be-
tween the United States and Great
Britain for exchange of cotton and
rubber for war reserves may be de-
layed indefinitely, If proposal being
considered in Congress is adopted,
some congressional leaders declared
today.
The agreement, signed in London
June %, provides for exchange Of
100000 bales of surplus American
cotton for about 100000 pounds
Of British rubber.
The American government cannot
carry out its end of the bargain un-
til Congress authorizes the disposal
Of surplus cotton now held under
loans made to growers. Legislation
granting such authority, passed by
the Senate, is pending before the
House Banking Committee.
That committee is considering an
amendment which, congressional
leaders declare, would not permit the
Government to meet terms of the
barter agreement except at consid-
Evening star., 1939-07-17
-Four Groups Simultaneously
Report Viton1in K Synthesis
Substance, Which Stops Internal
Bleeding, Will Save Thousands Annually

oil containing the vitamin. After
working out this fractional formula,
they found an easy source of the
vital material existed in class Of
chemical compounds known as
napthaquinones. That is to say,
without knowing it, chemists for
years have had the essence Of this
vitamin in stock bottles standing
on their shelves.
The simultaneous synthesis in
four laboratories was announced
in the Journal of the American
Chemical Society. The four were
group Of seven chemists at Har-
ward University, with three at
Northwestern University, two from
the Squibb Institute for Medical
Research, New Brunswick, N. j.; two
at the University of California and
five from the st. Louis University
School of Medicine. The Merck Lab
oratories also did some work.
Vitamin K was discovered six
years ago by DR.. H. Dam, a biolog-
ical chemist working in Copenhagen,
Denmark. Its life-saving values
have come forward with a rush dur
ing the last two years. Only last
week the proceedings of the Mayo
Clinic described several troubles,
usually after operations, which for
years had mystified the doctors at
the clinic and which now are usually
relieved quickly by vitamin K.
These troubles previously all had
high death rate.
The vitamin stops internal bleed
ing, helping the human body to
produce prothrombin, the substance
which clots blood. Experiments with
the vitamin have revealed that when
the body lacks this essential, it is
possible for internal hemorrhages
to start with but slight apparent
cause.
To such hemorrhages are attrib-
uted Is per cent of all birth injuries
Of babies. Blood may ooze in the
skull cavity due to compression dur
ing birth. The new vitamin can
be given to babies by mouth and
brings up their blood-clotting quick
ly to normal. In may babies, in
the first day after birth, scarcely
any vitamin K can be found. 1t
begins to show up quickly after they
first suckle.
Humans Are BeneficiarieS.
This had led doctors to suspect
that bacteria manufacture this vita
min. Probably this is for the germs
own use, but the humans benefit.
Further evidence of the bacteria
being makers is the fact decaying
fish produce vitamin X. The de-
cay is due to germs.
Among edibles, spinach and al
falfa are the principal known
sources of the vitamin.
In addition to babies thousands
of adults suffer from internal
hemorrhages which have been found
preventable in high degree by vita
min K. Principal of these is the
surgical condition known as OBJ
structive jaundice. Tumors and
other surgically removable causes
obstruct the flow of bile and jaun-
dice is the result. Frequently suf-
ferers lack vitamin K, with the re-
suit that surgeons do not dare op-
crate because of the high fatality of
| hemorrhage in such cases. BY the
new synthetic process, the Squibb
laboratories already have made sew
eral pounds of vitamin K. One
milligram day is enough for an
adult, and half a milligram for a
baby so that these few pounds alone
are sufficient for one dose apiece
| for hundreds of thousands.
Evening star., 1939-07-17
BY HOWARD w. BLAKESLEE.
BY the Associated Press

NEW YORK, July 17.-In one Of
the greatest scientific feats ever
recorded, four groups Of chemists,
working independently, reported
simultaneously today the synthesis
OF vitamin K, the new vitamin that
stops internal bleeding.
This means thousands Of lives will
be saved annually, for the synthesis
makes the vitamin, which has been
difficult to extract from natural sub
stances, available in unlimited guam
titles.
Although hemophilia, the royal
curse" type of bleeding, is not much
affected by the vitamin, it stops
bleeding in a large number of less
spectacular but far more numerous
and more frequently fatal diseases.
The vitamin previously was ex-
tracted from alfalfa. The chemists
made it from coal tar. To the great
surprise Of the scientific world, the
artificial vitamin has four times the
potency of natural vitamin K. Hard
ly ever is a synthetic chemical so
much better than the natural one.
Help From tuberculosis.
The "tip" which set four groups
of scientists simultaneously on the
trail of the synthesis is even more
unusual than the unprecedented
fact of four sets of workers all suc-
ceeding at the same time on chem
ical Job that usually takes years.
The clue came from tuberculosis
germs.
From the bodies of these germs,
at Yale University a few years ago,
was extracted yellow, oily, pre-
viously unknown substance. It was
named phthiocol. Recently it was
discovered that this oil contained
something, a chemical made by the
bacteria, which had vitamin K ac-
tivity.
Chemists already knew the for
mula Of the tuberculosis oil. That
made it comparatively simple for
them to identify the portion of the
Evening star., 1939-07-17
Theft Of Baby Buggy
And Flowers CHARGED

AT 4 am. last Wednesday a man
was pushing a baby carriage in the
400 block of M street NV, loading
1t with pots of flowers picked up
along the way.
At a filling station at New Jer-
sey and New York avenues NV.
the man tried to sell the entire lot
for 81. The police were called.
In Police Court today, Robert Co
ings, 21, colored, Of the first block
Of De Frees street NV, was charged
with stealing the carriage and flow-
ers. He demanded jury trial after
pleading innocent and Judge John
p. McMahon set bond ct $500.
Evening star., 1939-07-17
Union of Geodesy
To Meet in Capital

Members Of the Interna tional
Union of Geodesy and Geophysics
will convene here September 4 for
a 12-day session in the first meeting
the organization has ever held in
the United States.
DR.. C. G.. Abbot, secretary of the
Smithsonian Institution; L. B. AID
rich, assistant director of the Astro-
physical Observatory, and DR.. Waldo
l.. Schmitt, a curator of the United
States National Museum, have been
appointed as delegates to represent
the Smithsonian Institution at the
assembly.
Evening star., 1939-07-17
Keneipp to Speak

George Keneipp, manager of the
keystone Automobile Club, will be
the guest speaker at the luncheon of
the American Business Club at the
Hay-Adams House Wednesday at
1890 pm.
Evening star., 1939-07-17

The continental shelf around
Japan is one of the worlds great
est fishing grounds.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1939-02-11
Gilt Toppers
Trim Dupont

One of the Commercial Basket
ball league divisions is settled as
far as the title is concerned.
That's the B division. which saw
Roy Archers fast quintet storm
over B'Nsi Birth. 40 to IS. last
night at Stadium to win the sec.
ond straight playoff battle and the
title.
In A division playoff. Dupont, :
With one victory in the bag, bowed.
to the Gilt Toppers in the second
of a three game series. The third
and deciding game will be played
Thursday night At Stadium gym,
9 o'clock.
Community House won third
place in B division by defeating
Burnett Brothers. ~ to Is. Oak
land upset American Lake. so the
teams will play again Thursday
night at 80 at Stadium for fifth
place.
Other A division games saw
South Tacoma fail to field a quint
and forfeited to Valleys On the
night of the first game in the
series it was Valleys who forfeited.
Rybins kept fifth place by beat
ing Reese's BARRIERS, 80 to 90.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1939-02-11
Lincoln Tankers
Oppose huskies

Lincoln's swimming team will
seek to crash into the win column
again when they face the univer-
sity of Washington freshmen tank
squad Saturday afternoon in the
new Husky pool.
Those making the trip are Bud
Solum and Chuck Rohrs, 50-yard
dash; Leonard Hoveland and Tom
Brotherton, 100-yard backstroke;
Don Ellis and Joe Dowsett. 220-
yard freestyle, Bert Barber and
Bud Ford breaststroke; Kenny
Platter and Wallace Tuckey, 100
yard freestyle; John kruttilla and
Bob Cole. diving: HOMELAND. Ford
and Bill Rohrs, 150-yard medley:
Solum, Platter, c. Rohrs, and
Barber, 20o-yard relay.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1939-02-11
Ski Weather

Paradise: Temperature, Is de-
grees; four inches new snow; total,
1857 inches; dry, powdery snow:
showing lightly. skiing good.
eQual mie bowl (Hyak> I:
Cloudy, calm; temperature. 10 de-
grees; total snow, 10 inches; ski
ing excellent.
Stampede Ski howl: One inch
new SNOW: total. IS inches. light
east wind; clear; dry snow: ski
ing excellent.
Monad lake: Temperature, two
below; two inches new snow; total,
20 inches. northwest wind; clear !;
dry, powdery snow; skiing excel
lent.
Martin lodge: Temperature. 1;
two inches new snow. total. 72
inches: light northwest wind; part
cloudy; snow Is fast and dry; ski
ing excellent.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1939-02-11

pert was bluffing. but up went
Yankee stadium right across the
way.
Colonel Rupert did more than
build the games greatest empire.
He put the American league
over in a large way after it was
made possible by the original fl
nancing of Charley Somers and
Byron Bancroft Johnson's daring
asgressiveness and ability as an
organizer.
Rupert played plenty Of second
base as a youngster. He knew
ball players realized the true
value of his hirelings per-
sonally secuted the great Joe
Di Maggie.
There have been :. and are
other tremendously wealthy men
in baseball. but none com bined all
the qualities that made Colonel
Rupert the perfect owner.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1939-02-11
Forest OF Fame
Is Good Idea, But
Not in Outfield
MOUNT VERNON. Wis,

MOUNT VERNON, Wis. A
Forest OF Fame" fostered by
John Donald, former Wisconsin
secretary Of state. Is beautiful in
sight and sentiment. but the
Mount Vernon baseball team is
inclined TO believe the thing has
gone far enough.
The forest is a group Of 80 trees
brought from the birthplace of
famous persons to the local park.
Players maintain the trees have
no place in the outfield of any
baseball field. and the planting Of
more would seriously interfere
with the progress Of the game.
Among the trees are those from
the birthplaces OF Joan Of Arc,
Robin Hood. Gen. John J. Pershing.
Charles A Lindhergh and Robert
n. LaFollette.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1939-02-11
Pro Cridmen Want No Board

don't want governing commits.
sioner at any price.
In the first session of their
four day conference. they
shelyed talk of player trades
and reelected President Joe
r. Carr of Columbus. o.. for
l0-year period. The long
appointment was said TO be
their answer 10 talk of high
commissioner.
Carr and Carl Storck of Dayton.
o.. the vice president and treas
urer of the league. both were re-
elected in the only piece of official
business ground out in the first Of
four days the professional officials
are scheduled 10 meet.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1939-02-11
Times Trophy
Is Chief Prize

E r. pat Cardin. general
chairman of the Tacoma Winter
Sports carnival. today announced
the list Of prizes which will be
awarded 10 winners and next three
placers in each Of the three races
Sunday. Harold Johns was prize
5mmittee chairman. assisted by
Orville Stewart.
To the winner of the mems
slalom will go The Tacoma
Times trophy and l5-jewei
wrist watch, also from The
Times. Runner-up will get a
pair of ski pants from the
Tacoma Marine Supply Co.,
third. a SIS merchandise certifi-
cate from Sears, Roebuck and
Co.. and fourth, a hood and
sweater from klopfenstein's.
The Rhodes Brothers trophy
and bracelet viii go to the win
ner of the women's slalom. Second
prize will be a parka from the
Washington Hardware Co, third,
a pair of ski poles from Richard
sons Ski shop. and, fourth, sox
and mitts from Cooks Tacoma
Trunk Co
The junior downhill race winner
will receive the Sverre Grimstead
trophy and a s. merchandise GER
tificate from the ]. c. Penney Co.
Second prize Is a pen set from
Pioneer, Inc. third. pair of heel
springs from Jim Collins Ski shop,
and, fourth, a pair of mitts from
Din Howells Sporting Goods store.
Cardin stated that numbers for
the race would be drawn and en-
tries received at o'clock Sunday
morning in Paradise inn
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1939-02-11
Michigan Coaches,
Cridders to Meet
In Hockey Game

Ann ARB0R. Mich Bitten
by the hockey bug. Michigan
football coaches have issued a
challenge 10 their gridiron pro-
teges for a battle on skates.
Earl Msrtinesu. baekfield men
tor. is recruiting a team from
the varsity coaching staff.
while Quarterback Forest Eva
shevski Is rounding up his foot
ball teammates.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1939-02-11
Simple Method
To Halt Habit

WINDSOR. Ont. Police
picketed dozen horse race
bookies today.
Instead of raiding the hand
books. authorities stationed an
officer in uniform at the door of
each establishment.
Even the bookies' hest Gus
toners passed hurriedly by. and
embarrassed operators refused.
to take bets from the few who
had courage TO enter.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1939-02-11

Results of the matches were: Sher-
Win-W illiams 4. Washington Hard
ware 0: News-Tribune 8, Triple X
5 5a,1 /, Myers Curb Service 4. Alt
South Tacoma Boosters o; CITY
Light 8, Reese's Barber Shop /: Daless
Service 8, Russ Michael's Service /;
Johnny's Tavern 4. crystalike 0:
Hatters 2; De Luxe Beer 2. Marges
Lunch 2: Tacoma MIX Producers a.
Carlson McCallum 2.
Iryfon Hatters. though winning
only two points, retained its lead in
the SECOND half championship race.
numerous high single game
scores. In addition 10 those
rolled by the 600 scorers. there
was PA b, George Hutchin-
son. 22s b., Al Loska. 23e by
Hank >polaric. 232 b, Fred SWAN
son, 227 by Billy Ruehle. 22i by .
Lyons.
Johnny's Tavern turned in the best
team performance. Two of the 500
totals. Fijalka's 6l8 and Hurlbuts
6o5, aided the team in piling up A
three-game total of 2ois. The Tay-
ern men started off with a 1920 sin
gle which was one OF the top team
single scores
Tacoma's Glass A bowlers are sched-
AANA W bldftl u ADeTdfen SUNDAY
Tor an open tournament that is being
staged on Walter Castles alleys.
Three local teams will shoot for the
prize money.
Pacific Match and Pioneer Beer
are listed for play at the Broad
wa. alleys saturday night at \
O'Clock to roll off postponed !,
City league match of lat We'd >
nesday. -
One special match IS charted for
Sunday on the local drives Ice De-
livery company pinmen OF the Com
mercial league viii play Carlsons
Service Of Olympia at 8 O'Clock.
The 1899 City associat ton tourna-
ment will be the largest ever staged
by the local pin organization Five
more entries Thursday brought the
number OF teams entered 10 as ex-
ceeding the IS which were entered
IN the meet last year Teams enter
ing Thursday included Russ Michael's
Service, Johnny's Tavern Marge's
Lunch. Jordans Bread and Power
Department OF the City EmployeS
league Entries will be accepted by
Secretary Vance Mcclure UP TO. and
including Saturday The tournament
starts two weeks from Saturday. on
February IS 81
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1939-02-11
BOWLING

Chef Wiksten, captain of the
observation-disclosures team, rolled
645 total in the Class B CITY
league matches at the Broadway
alleys Thursday night to lead the
100 bowlers of that league in its
weekly scoring.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1939-02-11
On the Lam
With ..
Elliott Metcalf

OOk for Vancouver places in WI league baseball at
tendance this season
AT least that's the word of Andy Moran the Coast Ice
Hockey league whistle tooter and also WI baseball umpire
Andy dropped into townlet yesterday morning. look
ing we'll feeling better. he admitted
Listen To Andy anent Vancouver:
blossom baseball
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1939-02-11
Bells Playing
Ranger Hoopmen

Bellarmine once again takes to
the road to meet St. Martins to-
night at Lacey at T:30. A game
to follow viii be between Mount
Angel and the ST. Martin college.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1939-02-11
COLONEL A PERFECT OWNER;
HAD MONEY, UNDERSTOOD

WEISS explained that he pro-
" posed making a first base
man of a young pitcher named
Collins. assigned to the Bingham
ton club.
Are you sure he can play first
base and can't pitch - inquired
the colonel.
Colonel Rupert had spent
$4,000 600 for players since he pur-
chased the Yankees.
The colonel told the late
Charles A. StOneham that he
would build a park unless the
Yankees were given a more
equitable rental at the Polo
Grounds.
Stoneham believed Colonel Rup-