davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1939-08-27

Right An emphotic pipe smoker is
Stonley Baldwin. former British Prime
Minister. The comero cotches him with
two in hond as he pouses for q drink
otter addressing the Congress on Edu-
cotton for Democracy in New York.
Coulee City dispatch. [volume] (Coulee City, Wash.) 19??-19??, 1939-02-23
FIFTY YEARS AGO

App opriately, the natal day of
George Washington has been selected
for the first formal observance of the
Golden Jubilee of statehood which res
idents of this state celebrate this year.
Though that American who was
- rst in wa, first in peace, and first
III the hearts of his countrymen, was
born 2O7 years ago today (Wednes-
day., it was only SO years ago that
this state was admitted into the Union
bearing the name of the nations first
President. The resolution creating the
state was passed by the congress on
Washington's birthday, but it was not
signed by President Benjamin Harri-
son until the following November H.,
ending Sc years as territory.
When the territorial bill was pend
ing in the congress back in 1853, the
birthday of Washington was respons-
ible for the adoption of an amendment
changing the name from Columbia,
the original designation Of the area
created out of the old Oregon terri,
tory. When this bill was under con-
sideration sc years ago this month, a
patriotic representative from KEN
lucky substituted the name of Wash
Coulee City dispatch. [volume] (Coulee City, Wash.) 19??-19??, 1939-02-23
ington for Columbia, and on March 2

ington for Columbia, and on March 2,
1853, it was adopted.
That was the year President Frank
lin Pierce was inaugurated and Vice
President William R. King took Office,
after whom the two principle counties
in western Washington were named.
In the celebration of the festivities
.memorating SO years of statehood,
it IS fitting that our citizens should
recall the early history of this region.
Those hardy pioneers who laid the
foundations for this state we know
today were men an+ women of cour-
age and determination. From them we
should derive inspiration to carry Oh
the task they began.
Spokesman Review
Coulee City dispatch. [volume] (Coulee City, Wash.) 19??-19??, 1939-02-23
DEMOCRATIC NEWS LETTER

OLYMPIA-With social security
problems still vexing the legislature,
it was the opinion of Democratic lead
ers of the senate and house that
Gov. Clarence D. Martin three stop
gap bills to protect federal matching
funds for old age assistance would be
thrown into "free conference com
mittee" this week.
With the senate and house of rep
resentatives reported at variance on
certain points of the bills, the dead
line for arriving at compromise is
Friday (Feb. 24). 1t was pointed out
that unless the Washington statutes
were amended by that time to conform
with federal government requirements
there would be federal assistance
for the states aged and needy during
March.
Hence the rush to draft legislation
acceptable to all interests.
A "free conference committee is
composed of senators appointed by the
president of the senate, and represent
atives appointed by the speaker OF
the house. This procedure is followed
where one branch of the legislature
cannot concur in amendments voted
by the other branch. A compromise
usually is effected.
Coulee City dispatch. [volume] (Coulee City, Wash.) 19??-19??, 1939-02-23
BIDS OPENED FOR THREE
BONNEVILLE TRANSFORMERS

Transformers, which will reduce
the voltage of Bonneville power in the
Eugene area, will cost about $4,000.
Bids for the construction and deliv-
cry of the three 40O0kv-a units, open
ed at the Bonneville offices Saturday,
ranged from $42,525, Offered by the
American Transformer Company, to
$4S,042 by the Westinghouse Electric
Company. Other bidders were the Gen.
eral Electric Company, $45,S97, and
Allis Chalmers Manufacturing Company
$46,950. Prices are fob. shipping
point.
Coulee City dispatch. [volume] (Coulee City, Wash.) 19??-19??, 1939-02-23
Sylvester, Senator Pearl A. Wanamak-
er, Senator David E. Mcmillan, and
Representative J. Howard Payne.

Simplification of certain of the
state g election laws is the aim of a
joint elections committee which will
submit proposed changes for the 194l
legislature. Members pointed out that
December is usually month with a
variety of uncoordinated elections,
such as schools, utility districts, cities,
and others. The proposed codification
would simplify this alleged confusion
probably resulting In 'pooling" of
the elections on one certain day, it
was said.
The committee will also consider
several other technical amendments to
election laws proposed recently by the
Democratic state executive committee.
Coulee City dispatch. [volume] (Coulee City, Wash.) 19??-19??, 1939-02-23

The erroneous announcement made
to the senate and house last week
that U. s. Senator Lewis Schwellen-
bach of Washington had been appoint
ed by President Roosevelt to fill the
vacancy cause by the resignation OF
Justice Brandeis caused no little fury
of excitement among legislators.
Although it was later shown the
report was only rumor, speculation
was rife as to the possibilities of SEN
ator Schwellenbach IS ultimate ap'
pointment. No less conversation was
devoted to representations as to
whom Governor Martin would appoint
as Schwellenbach 8 successor.
Democrats were united in theil
views that if vacancy actually oc
ours in the United States senatorshiI
from this state, Governor Martin
would probably appoint a man who
would be strict party adherent.
Coulee City dispatch. [volume] (Coulee City, Wash.) 19??-19??, 1939-02-23

Golden Jubilee exercises held by
the Legislature on Wednesday (Feb.
22) formally launched Washington s
all-state celebration of it's fiftieth an
niversary of statehood. Speakers who
traced Washington g growth from ter
ritorial days to the present included
Gov. Clarence D. Martin, Lieut.. Gov.
Victor A. Meyers, Speaker John N.
Coulee City dispatch. [volume] (Coulee City, Wash.) 19??-19??, 1939-02-23

Representative Julia Butler of
Cathlamet, who introduced the $50
SO" bill giving women equal repre-
sentation on the state and county
committees of the two major parties
has been the subject of considerable
Kidding" by her fellow legislators.
"Women's place is in the home,"
some Of the male members chided.
Others asserted that "there's moth
ing $3.50 about it. A women's idea
of $3.50 is 100 percent for her and
nothing for the men,
Snapped back Miss Butler, cham
pion of women's rights: Some of
you 'dandies' have always claimed
you had the women's vote in your
pocket, now's your chance to prove
your earnestness.'
Coulee City dispatch. [volume] (Coulee City, Wash.) 19??-19??, 1939-02-23
COULER CITY DIsRATGH
I. W. {BLs) Hu.solG, Edisoe

Suffered at the postoffice at Ceules
City. WASH, as second-class matter.
Coulee City dispatch. [volume] (Coulee City, Wash.) 19??-19??, 1939-02-23

Films Developed 25c
glossy neverfade 'Paratone Prints
and two SKI lightweight profess
sional engagements 25c CON-
Reprints &c Each--Fast Service
PARAMOUNT STUDIOS
Box 1915 San Francisco, Calf
Coulee City dispatch. [volume] (Coulee City, Wash.) 19??-19??, 1939-02-23

uhlsehsG E-ery Thursday Morning
. tue Interest II Couiee CITY and
the Nei@hboring Vicinity.
Evening star., 1939-09-22

promising: his language was "vio-
lent and exaggerated both as re-
CARDS England and Poland" Herr
Hitler observed, in reply to his ma
jesty's Ambassadors repeated warm
ings that direct action against Po-
land would mean war with Great
Britain, that Germany had Moth
ing to lose, and Great Britain much;
that he did not desire war, but
would not shrink from it if it was
necessary, and that his people were
much more behind him than last
September"
Herr Hitler was calmer at q Sec
ond talk but no less uncompromis-
ing. He put the whole responsible
ity for war on Great Britain and
maintained that Great Britain was
determined to destroy and exter-
inmate Germany. He was, he said,
so years old, he preferred war now
to when he would be SIS or co." He
said that England was fighting for
lesser races, whereas he was fight
ing only for Germany"
The German reply to the Prime
Minister'S letter was given to his
majesty's Ambassador on August %.
Herr Hitler stated that the British
promise to assist Poland would make
no difference to the determination
of the Reich to safeguard German
interests, and that the precautionary
British military measures announced
in the Prime Minister'S letter of
August 20 would be followed by the
mobilization of the German forces.
CText Of the the German-Soviet
non-aggression pact, August 23)
Evening star., 1939-09-22

At tbs pm. on August 20 Sir
Neville Henderson received from
Herr Hitler the German answer that
the German government was pre-
pared to accept the British propos-
ais for direct German-Polish nego-
tiations, but counted on the arrival
of a Polish plenipotentiary by Au-
gust 30. The British Ambassador
remarked that the latter demand
sounded like an ultimatum," but,
after some heated remarks, both
Herr Hitler and Herr Won Ribben-
trop assured the Ambassador that
it was only intended to stress the
urgency of the moment" The in
terview was "of stormy character" I"
Sir Neville Henderson thought that
Herr Hitler was "far less reason
able" than on August %.
At 4 am. on August 80 Sir Neville
Henderson, on instructions from his
majesty's government, informed the
German government that it would
be unreasonable to expect the Brit
ish government to produce a Polish
representative In Berlin by August
30," and that "the German govern
ment must not expect this"
Evening star., 1939-09-22
British Attitude Towards De.
velopments in Danzig.
July 10-15, 1880

tJuly 1U-lo, 1881
On July 10, while the situation at
Danzig appeared to be becoming
critical, the Prime Minister defined
the British attitude towards the
Danzig problem in statement in
the House of Commons. He pointed
out that 1t was before Poland had
received any guarantee from Great
Britain that the Polish government.
fearing to be faced with unilateral
German action, had replied to the
German proposals, by putting for
ward certain counter proposals, and
that the cause of the Polish refusal
to accept the German proposals was
to be found in the character of these
proposals and in the manner and
timing of their presentation and
not in the British guarantee of
Poland.
On July IA Sir Neville Henderson
discussed with Baron Won Weiz-
sacker, German state secretary at
the ministry for foreign affairs, a
statement by one of the German
undersecretaries that Herr Hitler
was convinced that England would
never fight over Danzig" Sir Neville
Henderson repeated the affirmation
already made by his majestys gov
eminent that, in the event of Ger
man aggression, Great Britain
would support Poland in resisting
force by force.
Evening star., 1939-09-22
Developments Leading Immedi-
ately to the Outbreak of Hos
tilities Between Great Britain
and Germany.
The Prime Minister'S Letter to
Herr Hitler august 22) and
Herr Hitler's Interview With
Sir Neville Henderson august
23),
august 24-September 81

On August %, after the publica-
ton OF the news of Herr Won Rib
bentrop's visit to Moscow to sign a
non aggression pact with the U. S.
S. r., the Prime Minister sent q
personal letter to Herr Hitler. Mr..
Chamberlain once again gave a clear
statement of the British obligations
to Poland, and stated that what
ever may prove to be the nature of
the German-Soviet agreement, it
cannot alter Great Britain's obliga-
tion." He added that 1T has been
alleged that, If his majesty's gov
ernment had made their position
more clear in 1914, the great catas-
trophe would have been avoided.
Whether or not there is any force in
that allegation, his majesty's govern
ment are resolved that on this oc-
casion there shall be no such tragic
misunderstanding"
On August % Sir Neville Hender-
son reported his first interview with
Herr Hitler earlier in the day. Eerr
Hitler was "excitable and uncom-
Evening star., 1939-09-22
German Polish Relations From
January, 1884, to January, 1899.

The governing factor in the re-
lations between Germany and
Poland during this period was the
German-Polish agreement of jan
uary 26, 1884 This agreement,
which was valid for 10 years, pro-
vided that in no circumstances
would either party proceed to the
application of force for the purpose
of reacing a decision" in any dis
pute between them.
In the five years after the sigma
ture of this pact Herr Hitler made
a number of speeches friendly to
Poland. Poland was the home OF a
great nationally conscious people.
CMay 81, 1889
It would be unreasonable and
impossible" so Herr Hitler acknowl-
edged, ''to deny a state OF such a
size as this any outlet to the sea-
March 7, 1850
The agreement "has worked out
to the advantage of both sides.
(January 30, 1879
Evening star., 1939-09-22

On August % Viscount Halifax
informed the Polish government
through Sir H. Kennafd that in the
British reply to Herr Hitler "a clear
distinction" would be drawn between
"the method of reaching agreement
on German-Polish differences and
the nature Of the solution to be
arrived at. AS to the method, we
(his majesty's governmenD wish to
express our clear view that direct
discussion on equal. terms between
the parties is the proper means"
The reply OF his majesty's gov
ernment. suggesting direct discus
sion between the German and Pol
ish governments, was presented to
Herr Hitler by Sir N. Henderson
on August %. His majesty's gov
ernment stated they had already
received a definite assurance from
the Polish government that they are
Evening star., 1939-09-22
Hitler Not Overenthusiustic
On Soviet Pact, Says Henderson

that day, Henderson gave Hitler
Prime Minister Chamberlain letter
suggesting truce to permit direct
discussions between Poland and
Germany in regard to minority pop
ulations.
Hitler's reply, the Blue Book said,
was that Germany had nothing to
lose, and Great Britain much; that
he did not desire war, but would
not shrink from it II it was neces-
sary, and that his people were much
more behind him than last Sep
tember," the time Of the Czecho-
Slovak crisis.
At the second Henderson, Hitler
meeting that day the Fuehrer placed
the blame for war on Britain, de-
claring she was determined to de-
stroy and exterminate Germany"
1t was then that he referred to war
In relation to his age.
"On the 25th of August" the Blue
Book continued, Herr Hitler sent
for Sir Neville Henderson and asked
him to fly to London to put the case
to His Majesty's government. The
case, which included an offer of
friendship with Great Britain, once
the Polish question had been solved,
was contained in q verbal commu-
nication made to His Majesty's Am
bassador.
Hitler Delays Answer.
Britain's reply to Hitler's message
was made on August 20. It said
Poland was willing to negotiate and
that If an agreement resulted the
way would be open to the negotia-
ton Of that wider and more complete
understanding between Great Brit
ain and Germany which both coun-
tries desire"
Hitler, who said his army was
ready and eager for battle" de-
layed his answer until the evening
of August 20. Henderson, interview
with Der Fuehrer was described as
"of a stormy character"
Hitler said that he was prepared
to accept the British proposals for
direct German-Polish negotiations,
but that a Polish plenipotentiary
must be in Berlin by August 30.
Poland and Britain felt, however
that it was wholly unreasonable"
to expect compliance and at mid
night on the 30th-31st Henderson
again called on Hitler and Won Rib
bentrop. The latter produced "a
lengthy document which he had read
out in German aloud at top speed"
When Henderson asked for the
text of the proposals in the docu-
ment, the Blue Book said, he was
told that 1t was now too late" as
Polish representative had not ar
rived by the deadline.
German troops entered Poland
several hours later.
Evening star., 1939-09-22

to inform the German government
OF the representations which the
British government had made in
Warsaw for the avoidance Of all
frontier incidents and urged the
German government to reciprocate.
They repeated at $50 pm, in view
OF the German insistence on the
point, that it was wholly unreason-
able" for the German government
to insist upon the arrival In Berlin
OF a Polish representative with full
powers to receive German proposals,
and that they could not advise the
Polish government In this sense.
They suggested the normal proce-
dure OF giving the Polish Ambassa-
dor the German proposals for trans
mission to Warsaw.
AT midnight on August 3O-31 Sir
N. Henderson handed to Herr Won
Ribbentrop the full British reply to
the German letter Of August 20.
The reply noted the German gov
ernment's acceptance Of the British
proposal for direct German-Polish
discussions, and Of the position of
his majesty's government as to Po-
lands vital interests and inde-
pendence." The reply also noted
that the German government ac-
cepted 'in principle the condition
that any settlement should be made
the subject of an international guar
antee." His majesty's government
stated that they were informing the
Polish government of the German
governments reply. THE method
of contact and arrangements for
discussions must obviously be agreed
with all urgency between the Ger
man and Polish governments" but
in his majesty's governments view
it would be impracticable to estab-
lish contact so early as today de.
August 30).
The British reply was also tele-
graphed to the Polish government
and Viscount Halifax hoped that
provided the method and general
arrangement for discussions can be
satisfactorily agreed" the Polish
government, which had authorized
his majesty's government to say that
they were prepared to enter into
direct discussions, would be ready
to do so without delay.
In his interview at midnight Au-
(See Ri IJE BOOK TEXT PAGE A.s1
Evening star., 1939-09-22

prepared to enter INTO discussions"
and that, II such direct discussion
led, as they hoped, to agreement,
'"the way would be open to the ne
gotiation Of that wider and more
complete understanding between
Great Britain and Germany which
both countries desire" In his in
terview Of August % with Herr Hit
Ter, Sir N. Henderson repeated the
British readiness to reach an Anglo
German understanding, "but only
on the basis Of peaceful and freely
negotiated solution Of the Polish
question" Sir Neville Henderson
pointed out to Herr Hitler that lit
lay with him Herr Hitler as to
whether he preferred q unilateral
solution which would mean war as
regards Poland or British friend
ship" Herr Hitler, who said that
"his army was ready and eager for
battle" would not answer at once
whether he would negotiate di-
rectly with Poland.
On August 20 the Prime Minister
once more explained in the House
Of Commons the British standpoint.
Evening star., 1939-09-22

nard that he considered the situa-
ton most grave" and that he had
asked the Polish Ambassador in
Berlin to seek an immediate inter-
view with the German state secre-
tary. This interview could not,
however, be arranged, since Baron
Won Weizsacker was at Berchtesga-
den, but the Polish Ambassador had
an interview In the afternoon Of
the 24th of August with Field Mar
shal Goering. The field marshal
regretted that "his policy of main
tanning friendly relations with
Poland should have come to nought,
and admitted that he no longer had
influence to do much in the matter" i"
The field marshal limited that
Poland should abandon her alliance
with Great Britain, and left the
Polish government with the i'm
preston th.t Germany was aiming
at free hand In Eastern Europe.
Evening star., 1939-09-22

The position after the German
occupation of Czecho- -Slovakia was
summarized in speeches by the
Prime Minister at Birmingham on
March II and by Viscount Halifax,
secretary of state for foreign affairs,
in the House of Lords on March 70,
1899. Mr.. Chamberlain described
the German occupation as in COM
piete disregard of the principles
laid down by the German govern
ment ITSELF" and asked: rs this the
end of an old adventure, or is it the
beginning of a new? Is this the
last attack upon a small state, or is
it to be followed by others?" LORD
Halifax stated that the action OF
the German government was "a
complete reputation OF the Munich
agreement and denial of the spirit
in which the negotiators OF that
agreement bound themselves to CO.
operate for a peaceful settlement.
On March % the Prime Minister
stated in the House of Commons
that his majesty's government,
while not wishing ito stand in the
way of any reasonable efforts on
the part of Germany to expand her
export trade" was resolved "by all
means in our power" to oppose a
procedure under which independ-
ent states are subjected to such
pressure under threat of force as to
be obliged to yield up their indie
pendence." In a conversation OF
May q between Sir Neville Hender-
son. his majesty's Ambassador in
Berlin, and Field Marshal Goering,
the Ambassador warned the field
marshal that Great Britain and
France would be involved in war
with Germany if Germany at
tempted to settle German-Pollsh
differences "by unilateral action
such as would compel the Poles to
resort to arms to safeguard their
Hn6ependence
Evening star., 1939-09-22
Interview Between Sir N. Hen.
ders0n and Herr Hitler and
German verbal COmmunica.
ton" of August rs.

On August Is Herr Hitler sent
for Sir Neville Henderson and asked
him to fly to London to put the
case" to his majesty's government.
The "case," which included an offer
of friendship with Great Britain,
once the Polish question had been
solved, was contained in a verbal
communication made to his majes-
tvs Ambassador. During the dis
cussion with Herr Hitler, Sir Neville
Henderson stated once more that
Great Britain could not go back
on her word to Poland" and would
insist upon settlement by negoti-
alton. Herr Hitler refused to
guarantee negotiated settlement
on the ground that Polish provoca-
ton might at any moment render
German Intervention to protect
German nationals inevitable"