davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1939-05-02
Rumuniu's Debt

Movements toward resumption OF
war debt payments to the United
States by European countries, it is
pleasant to note, are growing in the
wake of Germany's expansion and
realization across the Atlantic that
in case of war Uncle Sam could be
extremely helpful by supplying
economic resources If not actual
armed help.
1t is encouraging to see that Ru-
mania is taking concrete steps toward
resuming her payments. suspended
since the 1881 moratorium, and that
in France there is an incipient cam
paign to take up the debt question
again in Parliament.
The Bucharest government intends
to enter into negotiations here, and
is reported to have so instructed its
Minister in Washington. The total
debt is $64,0000O0, of which about
$10,000,000 is in default. If the nego-
tiations come to a successful issue
Rumania will be added to Finland
and Hungary as the only countries
meeting their governmental obliga-
tions to the United States in any
measure at all. Hungary resumed
her payments in December, 1887.
Rumania's intention to take up her
financial obligations to the American
Government and private holders Of
Rumanian bonds in the United
States may reflect her desire to
interest more and more countries in
her economic development to keep
the German grip from growing too
tight. There is safety in numbers in
international economics as well as in
love. A British economic mission is
already in Bucharest seeking to
establish closer trade relations, and
France, too, has evinced a new
interest in Rumania.
More helpful for the United States
from dollars-and-c standpoint
would be resumption by France of
payments on her billion dollar
Indebtedness.
Evening star., 1939-05-02
A Critical Week

With hardly less anxious interest
than it awaited Chancellor Hitler's
reply to President Roosevelt, Europe
now holds its breath in anticipa-
ton of what Polish Foreign Minister
Beck will say to Parliament at War
saw next Friday. Colonel Beck is
expected to give a firmly negative
answer to Hitler's demands for the
cession of Danzig and an extraterri-
torial German highway across the
Polish Corridor, linking East Prussia
to the rest of Germany.
Late reports credit the Fuehrer with
seeking a TRANSPORTATION strip Of not
less than fifteen and one-half miles
width. Such a toehold would, it goes
without saying, establish the Nazis
in the Corridor like Colossus of
Rhodes. Polish sovereignty over
what would be left on either side of
such a German wedge would be
innocuous.
Every moment that elapses before
any actual conflict between Germany
Evening star., 1939-05-02
Expresses Approval Of
Pedestrian Law.
To the Editor Of The Star:

To the Editor Of The Star:
I have been subscriber to The Star
for many years, and I have been read
Ing articles in your paper pro and con
on the pedestrian law, which was pro-
mulgated recently.
l should like to give you my personal
experience with traffic regulations while
In Miami, Fla, for four months. On
Flagler street, which is the main thor
oughfare, policemen are stationed at
the intersection Of the streets and the
people there, as well as strangers, do not
cross the street until they have the right
signal. only saw one violation OF this
law. Two young men crossed the street
on the wrong light, an officer blew his
whistle, but they kept on walking, so the
officer ran after them and said: What
do you suppose blew this whistle for?"
One OF the boys replied: II did not know
that 1t was meant for me-" "Well," said
the officer, you be more careful in the
future, or it will cost you q fine"
think that the new pedestrian law
IS good one, especially so for old
people, as so many elderly persons, as
well as children, have been killed this
year by machines.
1 always observed this new law long
before it became effective, and it was
no hardship for me to wait few min
utes for the light to change.
don't care to wake up in hospital
and have a pretty nurse smiling at me
and saying, How do you feel this
morning?" TALBOT O. PULIZZI.
Ap9t -.
Evening star., 1939-05-02
Further Study Necessary

The complexities of administration
that would result from bringing do
mestics here under the unemploy-
ment compensation provisions of the
Social Security Act make it incum-
bent upon the House District Com
mittee to weigh carefully this pro-
posal by Chairman Randolph.
The Randolph bill is in line with
the recommendation of the Social
Security Board to extend unemploy-
ment compensation and old-age in
surance nationally, both to domestics
and agricultural labor-the two
largest groups now excluded-but
against the decision of the House
Ways and Means Committee not to
recommend it in the amendments
due shortly to go to Congress.
The committee took the stand that
the administrative problem involved
is too great to permit inclusion Of
these classes at this time, and that
view likely will prevail.
The Federal Government prescribes
only minimum standards for unem-
ployment compensation, leaving the
States free to add employees of addi-
tional categories as they see fit. Idaho
and New York have brought in do
mestics. In the former, employers
of one or more persons are subject
to the law which has had but a half
year trial; in the latter, the law
which went into effect in January,
1888, is of relatively limited scope,
applying only to households with
four or more servants.
Until and unless Congress decides
that as a national policy domestics
and other excluded workers should be
covered into the social security sys-
tenn, the advisability of using the
District for testing ground is open
to question.
Evening star., 1939-05-02
"sILvER SPRING, MD.

Dear Sir:
mo doubt cardinals tendencies and
habits are the same whether they estab-
Ash their homes in Chevy Chase or in
Silver Spring (referring to your article
in The Star Of April ID.
"You may recall that last year we dis
cussed with you the two attempts Of
our mother cardinal to build her nest,
first by the side Of the porch and next
in the lilacs, only to abandon both.
This year, around March %, we no.
ticed her once more 1--WE are assuming
that she is our friend Of last year, con-
templating the use of the kudzu vine in
about the same place.
Finally one Of the girls discovered on
March q that actually operations had
started. 1t was interesting to watch the
mother bird carefully build fine twigs
upon twigs (even had a paper handker-
chief in@the nesD, shaping the inside
with her body until she had place Of
vantage so that as she was sitting only
her red bill was visible.
4 X 4
"Thus mother nature must take care
Of her own, for our mother cardinal is
not only protected from possible enemies
but also from the elements, she having
the advantage of roof
I'm the course of the construction Of
the home we failed to see our Brilliant
plumaged papa help, except in calling
attention to himself in true cardinal
style.
"On April 8, 10 and II, respectively, q
green (you say white) egg with red spots
was deposited In this new home.
Eyes, we admit a lot OF peeking and
spying was done and the five of us were
quite excited the morning following the
discovery Of the first egg, when we no.
ticed that the gentleman himself was on
the edge of the nest. probably on an
inspection tour.
"As we were observing the couple, she
was there opposite him, we saw him
turn and place his bill in hers, thus indi-
eating his approval and. no doubt, his
affection. AS she began her wifely duties
he was in the vicinity, now and then
scolding bluejay who seemed to get too
close. Lately he is seldom seen.
4
During this period We have given her
as much privacy as possible, repairing
the screen at night before the nest was
finished, using the porch only on must
occasions, and the girls do not play in
her vicinity. At the present writing,
however, she seems to sense our friendli-
ness and does not leave the nest at our
approach.
During our observation we witnessed
many interesting sights, but in our lin
tied experience We feel the following is
rather unusual: We had not seen the
male for several days when one morning
the familiar call was heard and, in try
ing to locate him, we saw it was the
female singing as she sat on the nest
Evening star., 1939-05-02
THIS AND THAT
BIZ Charles z. Trdce1ceII.
She has repeated this on a number o.

She has repeated this on q number Of
occasions.
I'VE now await the arrival Of the
family and trust the neighbors' feline
pets will be considerate.
ITO make a long note longer, have
your bluebirds started housekeeping? We
have about lost patience with our pair
this year, as the blue fellow seems to
have difficulty in interesting the more
somber companion in the old post as a
suitable abode, she apparently casting
longing glances at the neighbor's newly
painted modern house.
"The post represents the end cut from
a fence post and nailed on the grape
arbor, the flickers having originally
opened this development.
Speaking Of flickers, our Girl Scout
member saw three of them going through
some sort Of ritual, apparently discuss
ing some important feathered problem.
then swaying back and forth. Is this
customary at mating time?
VERY truly yours, H. J. H."
Cardinal eggs are basically white, bu:
sCme specimens are bluish-white or
greenish- white.
The eggs Of the song sparrow some
what resemble those Of the cardinal.
Another significant resemblance is that
the song sparrow likes much the same
sort Of location for the nest. The top
of fence heavily covered with vines
Is favorite of both.
While the cardinals nest is we'll con-
cealed, the male bird insists on calling
attention to it all day long.
Whether this is done through pride
or stupidity is question. The sharp
metallic chirp with which he greets
the advent of all animals is anything
but cautious; most of the time it seemc
absolutely unnecessary.
The male which touched his bill to
that of the female may have been
feeding her a choice worm. This is
often done at nesting time, as sort
Of reward and mark of affection, surely.
** 4+
There is little question that nesting
cardinals come to learn those friendly,
and are not so inclined to be jittery
This Is always pleasant discovery on
the part of watchers.
Female birds can sing, of course,
although they seldom do, this being
left in most species to the males, just
as the latter have the shower coats
Cats must not be trusted to let a
nest alone. 1t is instinct, but some
specimens seem to be particularly adept
at snaring young birds out of nest
Only eternal vigilance will help; human
ears must be attuned all the time to
the sharp quirk, quirk, quirk of the
danger call, if one desires to help.
Bluebirds are very difficult to suit
with man-made birdhouses Sometimes
they will spend days looking over a site,
only to fly away at last. There is
nothing to be done about it.
Evening star., 1939-05-02
New Advertising Era

Some of the largest brokerage
firms connected with the New York
Stock Exchange are about to launch
a more liberal and realistic policy in
advertising which is expected to have
far-reaching results. Governors of
the stock exchange recently voted to
allow member firms to break away
from the conservatism in vogue for
decades, which limited advertising
largely to the name of the firms and
the fact they were in the brokerage
business, while their keenest competi-
tors In finance were permitted much
greater liberties; in fact, enjoyed
very broad advertising freedom.
The new rules promulgated by the
stock exchange on member arm ad-
Evening star., 1939-05-02

and Poland is q gain for peace.
Neither country can crave war,
though Hitlers prestige is unques-
tionably at stake, after his Reichstag
speech, and he could hardly renounce
his demands on Poland without loss
of face. That is always the cardinal
danger when the Fuehrer starts out
to get more living space." He has
earned reputation among his fol-
lowers for bringing home the bacon.
A dictator can risk almost anything
but failure.
British and French diplomacy is
certain to exhaust every possibility
to effect an amicable adjustment of
Germany's demands. It is not as If
Hitler were asking for Rotterdam or
Antwerp. Danzig, a port on the
Baltic, would not approximately pre-
sent the peril to the Western powers
that German foothold on the Dutch
or Belgian coast would constitute. It
may be questioned whether there
would be much enthusiasm in either
Britain or France to plunge into a
war over an issue that only remotely
impinges upon their vital interests.
Hitler understands this perfectly
well. He knows, too, that for some
inexplicable reason the adhesion of
Soviet Russia to the grand alliance"
against aggression remains in the
discussion stage. All these conditions
are designed not only to stiffen Ger
many's resolve to impose her will on
Poland, but also to make the Warsaw
government, even though now in
adamant mood, ponder carefully be-
fore ordering into action the 100000
men it has under arms.
Evening star., 1939-05-02
Advocates Reduction
In World Population.
To the Editor Of III,


There is only one sentence in Hitler's
speech upon which we wish to comment
here, but we believe this sentence is
pertinent to world affairs today. At first
this sentence will appear of no impor-
tance, but the type of thinking behind
this statement of Hitler's has led the
world into its present muddled condi-
ton.
Speaking to President Roosevelt, Hit
Ter says: Your country is rich enough
to feed 500,00o,000." The danger to hui
man life Of this psychology, which is
shared by many Americans, is that it
may be theoretically true, but practically
disastrous. If we could in one day uti-
lie to the full all of our resources and
have perfect distribution we might be
able to feed 500,0OO,OOO persons enough
for few days to keep them alive. 1t is
this emphasis upon quantity instead of
quality Of human life that has led the
world into the mess that 1t is in. 1t has
done so repeatedly throughout history.
Although the United States might be
able to feed 500, 900 persons for a few
days or weeks under perfect conditions
Of the imagination, what standard of liv-
ing would we have? OF course, it might
be said that the expression 800, ,0OO, 900"
was just a figure of speech, and that
what was meant by Hitler and is meant
by some Of our domestic population
theorists Is that we could support great
many more people than our present num-
Der of "only 100000 900 people," to use
Dorothy Thompson's expression.
Certainly the United States can SUD-
port more people, but is quantity the OBJ
ject? Is 1t not rather quality, quality
of human beings and quality of standard
of living. The emphasis Of every su-
perior mind from the time Of Jesus to
the present day has been upon quality,
not quantity. And the interesting thing
Is that poor quality of human beings,
like bad money, drives out good quality.
Our whole psychology is to join house
to house and to lay field to field; and
now even we are beginning to feel the
woe Of 1t, as many other peoples have
felt it before us. And 1t should be re-
msmbsrsd that this country, unlike
Evening star., 1939-05-02

countries of Europe where rains are not
so torrential, is especially susceptible to
erosion.
Piles of evidence could be presented to
show that If every human being on the
earth was supported at healthful and
decent standard of living the population
of the world would have to be reduced at
least one-half, and our own United
States might have to share to some ex-
tent in this reduction of population.
But evidence Is Of no avail as long as
men continue to think like brutes, and
one would be surprised to learn how
many otherwise seemingly normal and
intelligent statesmen, businessmen and
scientists think like brutes on this SUBJ
ject of population. Yet it can be shown
them that either in time Of peace or IN
time Of war a fair-sized population OF
good quality is the most powerful ana
the most prosperous.
April 28. GUY IRVING BUROH.
Evening star., 1939-05-02
Shooting Stars
BY PH1LANDER JOHNSON.
Revenge.

Revenge.
Who says our new diplomacy
Is not refined and great?
Who says we cannot compromise;
Likewise retaliate?
Since Germany has given us
Some cause for thought profound
Well go and get Herr Hitler's pet
And put him in the pound.
We are not arrogant, of course.
Our methods are most deep.
We know that ere we learn to walk
Perchance We'll have to creep.
Until we've gained the confidence
Upon our way to jog,
Well take our new diplomacy
And try it on the dog!
Evening star., 1939-05-02
Indulging His Talents.

I'm glad Charley has worked out q
new system for playing the races" said
young Mrs. Torkins.
do you think he will win?"
mo. But it will vary the conversation
when he comes to explaining how he
lost his money"
Evening star., 1939-05-02

The individual human is funda-
mentally varying pattern OF elec-
tricity, according to a National
Academy Of Sciences speaker. Too
often he proves to be little more than
a short circuit.
Evening star., 1939-05-02

The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to
credited TO 1t or not otherwise credited In this
paper and also the local news published herein
Az rights of publication Of special dispatches
herein also are reserved.
Evening star., 1939-05-02
Embarrassed.

No springtime is this year discerned,
The fear brings CONSERVATION
That the displeasure it has earned
OF the administration!
Evening star., 1939-05-02
Writes in Defense Of
Radio Programs.
YSo TIA EAtt1- - ~. . G+.

Radio Programs.
To the Editor Of The Star:
Recently you published letter tn
which Miss Eleanor Finch complained
about the trash that streams out (of
radios) practically all day long"
It will be nice when the day arrives
that all radio programs will be artistic
perfections At present, unfortunately,
1t costs little to "go on the air" Studios
incur expenses for such trif1es as sound
proof rooms, microphones and other
technical equipment, technicians to see
that the sound waves come in and 60 out
again as they should, and other negli-
gible considerations such as buildings,
steel towers, licenses, etc.
Commercial people sometimes think it
nice If they can do little advertising
through this medium, but competition
is stiff and they can't just talk about
their products and expect any one to
listen. So they arrange for programs
which they think will catch the atten-
ton Of the listener.
Not so many years ago these merchants
thought very little about this sort of
thing; radios were scarce, and the old
battery sets were not always dependable.
For our entertainment we went to the
silent movie or perhaps the town band
concert.
Since that time, however, 1t appears
that radio entertainment has made great
strides. Today the noise and babble"
from this little instrument continues
around the clock. All Of 1t is not good;
some OF it Is terrible, but year after year
programs are better as the radio industry
grows and learns. One glance at the
radio page reveals great variety Of
subjects that are being broadcast. Edu-
cational programs for children (and
grownups), agriculture, music, art, lit
erature, drama, politics and economics
are discussed. Galaxies Of great artists
come into our living rooms from the
opera, concert, screen and stage. They
cost us the turning Of dial. In New
York or London they will cost us $3.50 a
balcony seat df we can get in). The
news is flashed to us as it happens-it
doesn't even cost us two or three cents
for newspaper.
Miss Finch may not be interested in
potato bugs; some weather beaten gen.
tleman out in Idaho may be.
Miss Finch noticed also, in her search
for something worthwhile, that many
programs overlap How could it be
otherwise? The remedy for that might
be a little selection on the part OF the
listener. We can't hear all the pro-
grams any more than we can see all the
movies in town at the same time-even
If we wanted to.
ALI things considered, would venture
to say that the radio, every day, is giving
us more and more for less and less,
whether in programs sponsored by COM
mercial interests or by the broadcast
ing companies themselves.
For those persons whose sensibilities
are offended, and who demand" some
thing besides noise and babble" from a
radio, well, as KoKo of Gilbert and Sulli-
van would say, "They never will be
missed"-and there's always that dial.
April %. NOT A SPONSOR.
Urges Rabbi to
Fight Communism.
To tho Editor Of The Star:
should like to reply to the letter Of
Rabbi Hirsch z. Glickman, which ap-
peared in The Star Of April 26.
He seems much against Fascism. Well
Evening star., 1939-05-02
Up to Date.

Il suppose your motto is, BE sure
you're right, and then 60 ahead'?"
mot in the political game" answered
Senator Sorghum. my motto is, BE
sure you're ahead and then you're all
right"
Evening star., 1939-05-02
Rejoicing

Dar's allus cause to jubilate,
An sing little song,
OATS when de possums out O. date
An chicken comes along.
Evening star., 1939-05-02

Some men," said Hi Ho, the sage Of
Chinatown, deliberately take the wrong
side of question to show how smart
they are in debate"
Evening star., 1939-05-02

"If de dollar det you has," said Uncle
Eben, was sho nuff as big as dollar,
seems when you's broke, a man wouldn'
be able to carry mon six bits in his
pocket at q TINA"
Evening star., 1939-05-02
All Other States and Csnad.
Member Of the Associated Press

Entered as second class matter post once
Washington, D c.
Evening star., 1939-05-02
Letters to the Editor

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address OF
the ,Driter, although the use OF
a pseudonyn, for publication is
permissible. Please be brief!
Evening star., 1939-05-02

Urges Rabbi to
Fight Communism.
To the Editor Of The Star:
should like to reply to the letter Of
Rabbi Hirsch z. Glickman, which ap-
peared in The Star Of April 26.
He seems much against Fascism. Well
and good--so are all real Americans. At
the same time we are learning what
brought Fascism to power-and that Is
Communism. II we are 10 get nd o6 the
Evening star., 1939-05-02
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Evening star., 1939-05-02

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Evening star., 1939-05-02
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MARYLAND and virginia
Evening star., 1939-05-02

@. Is nutria fur fabric or the fur Of
an animal?-E. H. B.
A. Nutria is the fur of the coypu,
South American beaverlike aquatic
rodent.
Evening star., 1939-05-02

@. How many people work on farms?-
E. T. r.
A. The number of workers (paid and
unpaid) on farms on April l was esti-
mated by the Bureau Of Agricultural Eco
nomics at 100000.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1939-06-28
COM. JAMES M. :.
 LYNCH IS UPHELD
State Supreme Court Backs His Decision in
 Chas. Stapf Case

In ruling that establishes legal precedent in Connecticut, Compen- sation Commissioner James M. Lynch is upheld today by the state supreme court of, errors in his find- ing on the compensation claim of Charles Stapf vs, the A. I. Savin Construction company.
 Commissioner Lynch had awarded the claimant, Stapf, compensation, amounting to half pay for 52 weeks, for specific injury to his leg. The amount of the award in total was $542.88. The claimant, through Att torney Frank w. Daley of New Ha- ven and Waterbury, contended that he was entitled to compensation for total disabilit. which would entitle him to half pay for a total of 520 weeks. The amount involved in that event would be over 5000. The question in issue was an interpreta- tion of section 5237 of the General Statutes. The supreme court in a ruling written by Justice Newell Jennings and with the other jus tices concurring holds that the statute must be interpreted strictly. If justice requirer further adjust ments," says the decision. ''it is for the General Assembly to decide"
 Award Made Jan. 5th
 Commissioner Lynch made the award January s, 1889. The claim ant appealed to the superior court. seeking an award for total disability.
 (Continued on Page 4)