davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1939-06-25

At the beginning of the nine
teenth century the battleship was
the three-deck ship of the line which
carried from "a to 110 guns and
crews of 600 to 850s men. These
ships were designed for cat and dog
fights, with guns blazing away at
close quarters. II all went we'll
the enemy succumbed; if he proved
hard nut to crack and could be
brought alongside, the boarders
swarmed aboard and victory went
to the more tenacious crew. Frig-
ates were the cruisers Of the time
and our Constitution, A-gun ship,
carried a crew of 468 men.
Guns Needed Men.
The heavy guns Of that period re-
quifed minimum crews Of six men
who, whenever possible, were supple
mented by any available men. The
large crews needed for working the
guns and handling the immense
sails and spars were terribly
crowded and life on these old ships
was far from pleasant. In hot
weather the ships were ovens; in
cold weather, ice boxes; and in wet
weather they oozed. The high
sided ships of the line were able to
keep some Of their gun-ports open at
sea except in very bad weather, but
this means Of ventilation was not
possible on the frigates and smaller
vessels. On their low decks where
hundreds Of men swung in ham,
mocks spaced from "a to 16 inches
Evening star., 1939-06-25
Ellicott were not identified by this

Ellicott were not identified by this
census.
When they took possession of their
seats on the Patapsco, we are told,
the whole valley was wilderness
covered with great trees, the growth
of centuries, including oaks of differ
ent sorts. hickory, maple, gum, ash,
chestnut, and all other varieties of
trees common to that section of the
country. Scharf says that deer and
wild turkeys were still shot on the
Patapsco at Ellicott Mills as late as
1888, "and no mans larder needed to
be empty at any time"
The traces of the Red Man were
also discernible by the great quanti-
ties of arrow points found where was
once the old depot of hte Baltimore
& Ohio Railroad. These implements
of warfare are said to have indicated
a great Indian battlefield, but rather
the conclusion would point to a
nearby quarry where the arrowheads
were made
During the American Revolution,
ElncotC City was not overlooked Dy
the French troops stationed in Bal
timore for some time during 1871,
it is said. They often extended their
rambles to Ellicott's Upper Mills"
A fine store had been built in ITS
rich silks and satins and brocades
were purchased in New York and
Philadelphia. and shipped to Elk
Ridge landing, thence to the Mills.
These officers were frequent visitors
at the store, and ladies from Balti-
more often took the trouble to ride
some II miles to make purchases,
and consider themselves well repaid
for doing so.
Had Beautiful Home.
'"The family residence at Ellicott's
Upper Mills was very beautiful,
happy home and the scene of many
family pleasures and reunions. The
plates and dishes used on the din
Evening star., 1939-06-25

The Hallow,' from it's peculiar for
nation, the work of improvement
was at once commenced, and pressed
on with so much spirit that by the
time Of harvest in 1774 house 100
feet long and of proportionate
breadth and heighth, with spacious
chambers for the storage of grain,
was finished. It contained machin-
cry combining all the prominent
inventions of Joseph, Andrew and
John Ellicott and was ready to
manufacture the finest wheat flour
as well as other brands; small viii
lage of comfortable houses had also
been raised up.
This manufactory for flour, after
years of usefulness, was destroyed by
fire in the early part of the year
1909 6. the implements used for
blasting rocks. cutting down trees.
digging out foundations and for
other laborious purposes had been
brought from Pennsylvania, where,
as in other colonies of Great Brit
ain, they were regularly imported
The only iron tools manufactured
in Baltimore County were crowbars,
which, through the favor of the pro-
prietors of Dorsey's Forge, named
Avalon, were afterward purchased
from the iron works, also situated on
the Patapsco, near Elkridge Land
ing"
An idea of the number of persons
who accompanied the Ellicott BROTH
ers to Maryland might be had, from
the First United States Census for
the State of Maryland, 1890, in
which John Ellicott, as the head of
his family was credited with having
with him, q white males over 26
years of age; two under 16; wife and
other females. OF course, this
was some time after the settlement
was made.
The names of Andrew and Joseph
Evening star., 1939-06-25
Vast Numbers Used
To Live Crowded
In Holds
By Capt. F. L. Oliver.

Five thousand, five hundred more
men for our Navy are authorized in
the naval appropriation bill re-
Gently enacted by the Congress. The
reason for this increase is obvious
the more ships, the more men re-
quired. But, the uniformed person
is inclined to ask, why do men of
war carry crews so much larger
than are required for merchant
ships of comparable size?
Merchant marine officers fire.
quently have occasion to envy a
man of war it's complement of men.
Their ships, for reason of economy,
usually are operated with the mini
mum possible number of men and
a couple of sick or disabled hands
can drive first mate to the verge
of distraction when his carefully
laid plan of ship upkeep is disrupted.
Who can blame him for begrudging
a nearby gunboat its apparently in
exhaustible supply of men, when his
ship, possibly 10 times larger, must
get along with perhaps a half to
even a third the number of men?
This anomaly is due to the fact
that the complement of man of
war is largely based on the number
of guns the ship carries. Men are
required to man these guns and
consequently a crew much larger
than necessary for actually oper-
ating the ship itself is carried. How
ever, it must not be assumed that
these men are solely occupied with
manning guns. In addition to rou-
tine ships's work, the crew OF a
man Of war does great deal more
in the way of upkeep and repairs,
than can possibly be expected from
the crew of merchant ship.
Smaller Crews Now.
Large crews for men OF war have
always existed, but, taking into con-
sideration their comparative sizes,
vessels in the navies Of today carry
relatively smaller crews than were
necessary in former years. Galleys,
Evening star., 1939-06-25

apart, the afr was simply sitting.
Windsails gave some relief when
there was q breeze, but the poor
diffusion of air restricted this re-
lief to the general vicinity Of their
outlets.
When steam began to supplant
sails. the machinery installations,
although small, required additional
men and in 1852, full-rigged Brit
ish man of war with auxiliary steam
power, is listed as carrying a crew
Of 1,100. A great number of men to
be crowded into ship 240 feet long
and 60 feet in beam. When steam
finally displaced sails and power op-
Grated guns came into use, crews be-
came relatively smaller, and at the
turn of the present century, the
U. S. s. Kearsarge, an 11,O00-ton
battleship, was manned by a crew Of
only 500 men. But, when coal-fired
steam plants Of increased power
came into use their demands for
man power stepped up the sizes Of
crews. A big armored cruiser Of Is
years ago carried q crew of over
900 men, of whom 800 belonged to
the engineer force.
Percentage Decreased.
Modern oil-fired, turbine-driven
power plants require fewer men.
Such an installation, delivering
nearly four times the power that
was available in an armored cruiser.
requires only about one-third q
Evening star., 1939-06-25
VieU of ElHcott City, Nd,
entering by 10ay OF Colesuille
pike.

the United States, not far distant
from cities now having a population
of nearly million people or more
And the Ellicotts were, indeed, brave,
courageous and resourceful to move
into this part of Maryland when
success to them would have meant
failure to others less enterprising.
We, today, have little conception
OF the difficulties under which our
pioneer ancestors labored, the OBJ
stacles they had to overcome, in
blazing their way through virgin
forests, infested at times with wild
animals. Indeed, the success of the
American settler. conquering all
difficulties, laying the foundation
for this glorious Republic, is a song
not sung too often, but alas, only
too infrequently.
Pioneers Traits.
The Ellicotts were typical Anglo
Saxon descendants - intelligent,
strong and courageous-and their
moving to the site selected for the
projects they had in mind only too
forclbly illustrates what many a
pioneer American did in order to
become established in the New
World.
OF the moving of the Ellicotts
from their home in Pennsylvania
to the place selected by them in
Maryland, which now bears their
family name, an early writer says:
"The emigration from Pennsyl-
vania was attended by many cares
and anxieties, but the brothers were
in the prime of life, of sound judg-
ment and foresight, and, seeming
to see the end from beginning,
never faltered in their enterprise.
The wagons, carts, wheelbarrows
and handbarrows, and all their
mechanical and agricultural imple-
ments, with the household goods for
the families of their uorkn,op apd
Evening star., 1939-06-25

Battleships Garry
More Men Than
Steamers

many men. However. specialties not
dreamed of in former days, such as
radio, torpedoes, flre-control, intri-
cate intercommunication systems,
aviation, ETC., demand men and al
though the huge power operated
guns need relatively fewer men than
were necessary when Drawn reigned
supreme, plenty of men are required
to handle the complicated mecha-
nisms which control the guns and
supply the ammunition.
A full crew for a modern battle
ship consists of around 1,4OO men,
a heavy cruiser needs some 600, and
a destroyer, 125 to 16O, depending on
the type. The aircraft carriers,
where crews of 1900 to 1000 men
are necessary for handling the ship
and the planes, top the list.
Comfortable Now.
The conditions under which these
men live and work can in no way be
compared with those which con-
fronted their predecessors Of only a
hundred years or so ago. Our naval
ships are seaworthy and sanitary,
ample living space is provided, the
food is excellent and the welfare of
the men IS given thought and con-
sideration. In fact, contented crew
is the keynote of an efficient ship in
our Navy.
In the days of Nelson their prede-
cessors had to endure vile food, in
sanitary living conditions and saw
age discipline, only too often MAIN
tanned by brutal captains in &C
cordance with seemingly insane
caprices which were usually held,
by biased superiors, to be within the
sketchy laws of the period. These
hardships. together with the perils
Of the sea in comparatively small
and frequently unseaworthy ships,
makes one wonder how even the
"press-gang" could have induced
men to 90 to sea.
How different today! Enlsting
$500 men will be = simple matter
for our Navy.
Evening star., 1939-06-25

the draft horses necessary for the
work they were about to commence,
were put on board vessel in the
port of Philadelphia, and taken
down the Delaware to New Castle,
and there landed.
"The wagons and carts were then
loaded with the articles brought
down in the vessel and driven across
the peninsula to the head of Elk.
where they were again embarked
on a vessel which lay waiting for
them, and which, afterward, NOV
Evening star., 1939-06-25

count Of the precipices and rocks
which rendered their way to the
site contemplated for the mills i'm
possible. Here the wagons and carts
were unloaded and their contents
carried by parties of men, on hand
barrows, to the end of the journey;
the same men, after taking the wag-
ons and carts to pieces, carried
them, in detached portions, to their
place of occupation.
Arrived in the valley, or, as the
country people called this wild place,
Evening star., 1939-06-25

ing along the Chesapeake Bay to
the Patapsco, proceeded up that
river to Elkridge Landing, which
had been laid out as q town in 1884,
and where vessels of light draft
could readily enter.
Passage Blocked.
"At this point the Ellicotts finally
discharged their cargo, the wagons
and carts were reloaded, and pass
ing over a narrow, rough country
road to within one mile Of their des-
tination, were obliged to stop on ac-
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1939-10-16
FORECLOSURE SALE.

Under and by virtue of authority
conferred in the undersigned as
trustee in a certain deed OF trust,
executed on the 18th day of Deccm-
Der, 1886, by Robert G.. Nelson and
wife Mary E. Nelson, duly recorded
in Book 1874, Page 566, in Register Of
Deeds Office Of Vance County; de-
fault having been made in the pay
ment of the debt therein secured, and
at the request of the holder Of the
note therein secured, the undersigned
trustee will on Saturday the 4th day
Of November, 1889, at the Courthouse
door in Henderson, N. c., at public
auction, at II O'clock (noon), offer
for sale to the highest bidder for cash
the following described land:
Being II acres more or less Of the
James Young land in Sandy CrccI;
Township, that was allotted to Laura
Estelle Young Moore, by the Com
missioner that divided the same at
the death Of James Young This pro-
ceedlng and report are on file in the
Register Of Deeds Office, in Vance
County, N. c. in Book 105, Page 70,
the same being share or lot No. 2.
and being the land conveyed to
Henrietta Nelson by T. S. Klttrcll,
Commissioner
This the End day of October, 1899.
r. B. CARTER, Trustee
2-9-16-23
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1939-10-16
HENDERSON, (N CO. DISPATCH MONDAY OCTOBER 49, 1889
Capital Gossip
Ry HENRY AVERILL
Daily dispatch Bur eau.
In the SIR Ma!.er Hotel

Raleigh, Oct. 16-Guilford's John
Caffey chairman Of the House APP
preparations Committee in the 1899
General Assembly, was there Satur-
day for meeting of the North Caro-
lima World Fair committee; but was
still non-committal on his choice be-
tween running for speaker Of the
1941 House and Congress from the
sixth districe.
He did indicate, however, that he
has a decided preference, though he
did not say which way.
I'm almost, but not quite like
Governor Glenn was in the days be-
fore he ran TO rthe governorship. 1t
was reported that he would be a can
didate either for the executive post
or for the United States Senate. A
reporter asked him which he eX-
pected to try for, to which the Glenn
reqly was something like this, II
haven't made up my mind yet, but
l do know which it will be-"
With no authority whatsoever
from Mr.. Caffey, this corners guess
is that John would like to run for
Congress very much but figures he
has a better chance at the speaker
ship.
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1939-10-16
Home Loan Bank In
Winston-Salem Has
S1,ll7,352 Surplus

Winston Salem, Oct 16.-The Fed
eral Home Loan Bank Of Winston
Salem, on its seventh anniversary,
has surplus and undivided profits Of
$1,117,352, after all operating eX-
penses and dividends, President O..
K. LaRoque announced today ADJ
ditional purchases of stock by its
member institutions during the year
brought its total capital to $13,211,-
900. The bank, a permanent reserve
credit institution, officially opened
for business October Is, 1882.
up to last September 80, the bank
had advanced a total of $70,301,1 1877
to its members, of which $54,244, 673
had been repaid, leaving a balance
OF SIG, O56, 1853 now outstanding" said
MI LaRoque. about 60 per cent of
the members are currently employ
ing their credit at the bank. Most of
the banks advances are on long
term basis, up to ten years, and are
amortized at a rate generally cores
ponding to the terms Of the loans
made by member institutions to their
home-owner borrowers"
The Federal Home Loan Bank of
Winston-Salem has paid regular di-
vidends totalling $788,116 to its
member institutions and the U. S.
Treasury during its seven years of
operation, Mr.. LaROque pointed out.
The Bank has assets of $2O,762, 40.
Its net income from all sources for
the first nine months Of this year
reached $295,674.
The membership Of the bank COM
prises 4C6 savings, building and loan
associations and Is insurance COM
panies Of Maryland, District Of Colum
bia, Virginia, North Carolina, South
Carolina, Georgia, Alabama and
Florida, the combined assets of which
are more than $200,000,00O. During
the first nine months of this year,
the savings, building and loan mem
bers financed an estimated total of
more than $80,0O0,OOO in home loans,
more than 40 per cent Of such loans
made by all financial institutions in
the eight states comprising this Dis
trict, according to Bank officials.
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1939-10-16
i es(hay
TODAY'S ANNIVERSARIES

1758-Noah Webster, Connecticut
teacher and photographer, author
of the dictionary, spelling and
grammar books standard for de-
Cades, born at Hartford. Died May
%, 1843.
1762-Paul Hamilton, Sou h
Carolina governor and secretary Of
the navy, born in st. Paul's Par
ish, S. c. Died June 80, 1916.
1777-Lorenzo Dow, eccentric
pioneer Methodist evangelist the
country over, pioneer of camp
meetings, born Coventry, Conn.
Died Georgetown, Md, FEB. 2,
1884.
1789-N50 years ago. William
Burton, physician, governor Of Del
aware, born in Sussex, county, Del.
Died Aug 5. 1866
1806-William P. "Fessenden,
Names noted governor, statesman
end recretary nf the treasury, born
ii Boscawen, N. H. Died Sept. s,
1869
1836-William R. Shafter, Mich
i9an officer n the Civil War, ma
joc-general IN the Spanish-Ameri-
can War, born at Galesburg, Mich.
Died Nov. II, 1906.
1847-Samuel P. Jones, popular
Georgia evangelist-preacher, born
il Chambers county, Ala. Died Oct.
IS, 1906
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1939-10-16
TODAY IN HISTORY

1786-United States Mint estab-
lished n Philadelphia.
1846-Historic first use of ether
in major operation by Dr. Will
lam T. C. Morton at the Massachu-
setts General Hospital, Boston.
1864 great Fenian meeting
begins in Philadelphia and the Irish
Republic is proclaimed
1903-Dowie, with 5000 followers
in special trains, comes to convert
New York city
19l0-Walter Wellman and five
companions take off from Atlantic
City in airship-balloOn "America"
III attempt to cross Atlantic Forced
down 375 miles off coast and all
rescued. Wireless used for first time
in history from shore to snip over
water.
191S-American soldiers included
in Allied forces invading Russia re-
pulses Bolschevists on the banks
Of The Dvina liver.
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1939-10-16
ANSWERS.

l. The vote was, for Senator Rey-
nolds, 415,316; for Frank Hancock,
197.154, giving Reynolds a majority
of 1884.
3. North Carolina did not ratify the
treaty until 1887, four years after the
end Of the Revolutionary War In
some respects the state never did
abide by some Of the provisions Of
the treaty.
8. The report Of the budget COM
mission to the last legislature shows
total administrative cost Of $476,-
G82 for the 1888 fiscal year. Three
hundred and seventy persons were
in the employ of the commission.
Estimates for next year place thee
number of employees at 500, and a
total administrative cost Of S960,623
T. The five delegates from North
Carolina were Richard DObbs Spaight
age 20; William Richardson Davis,
age 80; William Blount, age. So;
Alexander Martin, age 40; and Hugh
Williamson, age 48. The convention
convened in Philadelphia May 25
1887.
5. Reports for the fiscal year of
1888 show a total amount OF S1l6,-
ia. In the bureau handling the ad-
Vertising eight persons were employ
ed at a total salary or wage of
S14,597
6. In 1746, and for eight years fol-
lowing, the northeastern counties re-
fused to send delegates, or represen-
tatives, to the assemblies. During
this time they also refused to pay
any taxes, Southern counties then
declined to pay taxes, because their
northeastern sister counties were not
paying any. This condition arose
over policies of Governor Gabriel
Johnston.
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1939-10-16
TODAY'S BIRTHDAYS

Eugene Gladstone O'Neill, famed
American playwright, born in New
York city, 81 years ago.
Justice William O. Douglas of
the U. S. Supreme Court, born at
Maine, Mimi, Al years ago.
Vincent M. Miles, Solicitor Of
the Post Office Department, born
at 'aarlon, Va, 81 years ago.
DR.. Frank Ayedclotte, president
of SWarthmore college, Pa, born at
Sullivan, Ind, SO years ago.
Proctor F. ("Ted") Cook of
Calf, humorist, born Pontiac, Ill,
48 FEARS ago.
Lee LaWrie Of New York, noted
sculptor, born in Germany, 62
FEARS ago.
King Carol II, Of Roumania, born
As ,7carS ago.
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1939-10-16

College here, today announced a
summary Of the second annual State
All judging contest conducted for
Negro club boys.
The Warren county team scored
highest, followed by the ChOWan-
Perquimans, and CasWell-ROcl1ing-
ham teams. Other teams placed in
the following order: Arson Halifax,
Vance, Gates, Robson, Lenoir, Will
son, Orange Craven, Iredell, Neck
lenburg, Wake and Johnston.
The high individual scorers were:
Jerome Graham of Robson, first;
James w. Dickson of Warren, second;
Edward Chavis of Wake third; Mark
Harris Of the ChoWan-Perquimans
team fourth; Charles Eastman Of
Gates, fifth.
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1939-10-16
EXECUTORS NOTICE.

Having qualified as Executor I'M
der the will of r. M. Abbott, deceaS-
ed, late of Vance County, North
Carolina, this is to notify all persons
having claims against the estate of
said deceased. to exhibit them to
the undersigned at Henderson, North
Carolina, on or before the 18th day
Of October, 1910 or this notice will
be pleaded in bar Of their recovery.
All persons indebted to said estate
will please make immediate pay
ment.
This 10th day of October, 1899.
MEGA GREEN ABBOTT,
Executor r. M. Abbott, Deceased.
j. vi. Peace, Attorney
1928 1920
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1939-10-16
What Do You
Know About
North Carolina?
By FRED III. MAY

/. What was the Reynolds-Han-
cock primary vote for United States
senator in 1888?
2. How many years did North Car
DINA delay before ratifying the treaty
with England?
3. What is the total administrative
cost of the North Carolina Unem-
ployment Compensation Commits
sion?
A. What were the ages of the dele
gates North Carolina sent to the
United States constitutional conVen-
ton?
5. How much did North Carolinf
spend on advertising the last year:
6. How many years did severa
North Carolina counties refuse t(
send representatives to the leglsla-
ture?