The Waterbury Democrat., 1939-11-11
BY BRUCE CAPTION


 BY BRUCE CATION
 NEA Service Staff Correspondent
 Washington, Nov. 11--Of all the variegated Hobbies and pressure groups that agitate in behalf of par- ticular interests ir national affairs, there are but two groups conducting active, day-to-day lobbying work for the most important movement to the country today -peace.
 Peace societies in the United States are almost i1lnumerable; but the active campaigns for peace simmer down to few which are clearly defined and make broad survey of the peace movement fairly simple.
 The two tone groups aggres- sively fighting with active lobbies at the national capital are the National Council for the Preven- ton of War, and the Women's In- ternational League for Peace and Freedom.
 The National Council is com- posed of number of national groups, ranging all the way from the American Federation. of Teachers and the Board of Chris tian Education of the Church of the Brethren to the Peace Asso- citation of Friends in America.
 It is financed by voluntary con- tributions, which come mostly from individuals rather than from the participating groups. Its na- tional executive staff is directed by Frederick J. Libby, executive secretary.
 FOUGHT TO KEEP
 ARMS EMBARGO
 During the neutrality debate the council worked actively to retain the arms embargo, proceeding through personal contacts with congress mad through an energetic educational campaign across the country. Its headquarters, oddly enough, is hous- ed in an ancient Washington build ing which during the latter part of the Civil War served as General U. s. Grants headquarters.
 Equally energetic is the Women's International League. Founded in 1915 by Jane Addams, 1t was until comparatively recently a federation of other women'S organizations; during the last two years, however, 1t has taken in individual members. It has no endowment and is sup ported largely by dues from its members.
 It's Washington lobbying is in the hands of Miss Dorothy Detzer, national secretary. It also main- tains offices in Philadelphia, New York, Boston and Chicago, and has an organization of volunteer com mitteeS in other leading cities to conduct its educational work. Like the National Council, 1t fought &C., lively against repeal of the arms embargo this fall.
 MAKE UP U. s.
 PEACE BLOC
 Thesetwo organizations, together with three others which operate out of New York city, are commonly referred to as the "pacifist associa- tions," or "the peace bloc" The other three are World Peaceways, the Fellowship of Reconciliation and the Keep America Out of War com- mittee.
 world Peaceways confines its efforts to advertisements and radio broadcasts. It has been given advertising space in various publications and number of top- flight advertising men = among them, Bruce Barton have do- mated their help; as a result 1t has carried on 6 striking and forceful anti-war campaign. Head of the organization is Dr. Max Weis.
 The Fellowship of Reconcilia- ton was organized during the World War to preach the doctrine of Christian brotherhood. It is in- ternational in scope and in the United States operates under the direction of Nevin Sayre, executive secretary.
 DIRECT EFFORTS
 AT YOUNG PEOPLE
 The Keep America Out of War Committee was organized in Wash- ington a year ago, largely through the efforts of the National Council for the Prevention of War. whose leaderS felt that the peace move- ment lacked an organization that could work directly with labor and young peoples groups. Its chair man is Dr. John Lapp, and it has an energetic youth section headed by Alvaine Hollister.
 In addition to these organiza- tions there is the National Peace Council, supported by the National Council, the Women's Interna- tional League, the Fellowship of Reconciliation, and score or more of other groups which range all the way from the American Association of University Women to the National Federation of Business and Professional Womens Clubs.
 It backs a six-point program to keep America out of war procure just peace and work for / permanent worl d government. Executive secretary of the National Peace Council is Dr. Walter Van Kirk.
 Wealthiest of the peace groups is the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, organized in 1910. Its president is Dr. Nicholas Murray Butler and 1t maintains a Washington office under the direc-
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