davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1939-03-17
LO-PRICE OFFERS SERVICE
WITH A SMILE

Because of the large and con-
tinually increasing volume of bust
ness transacted through their ex-
tensive stock and nationally pop
ular brands of the finest wines,
whiskey, brandy, gin, cordials, ETC.,
and because of the efficient bust
ness methods of the firm, together
with the assurance of the quality
of products offered, the LO-Price
Liquor Store has secured for itself
in this section a reputation as one
of the leading well-stocked retail
liquor houses.
Members of the firm with
Samuel Kozberg as president and
his efficient staff are among the
class of business men of high
standing in commercial circles and
prominent in the retail liquor serv-
ice in this part of the state.
They are located at 480 Wabasha
Street in St. Paul and are doing
much to protect the public from in
ferior brands by supplying quality
at low cost. Service is always
given with smile.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1939-03-17
COpernican System of Astronomy

COpernlcan system OF astronomy
CopernicuS, whose Polish name
was Nikolaus Koppernigk, was born
at Thurn, Prussian Poland, in 1873.
He studied astronomy at the Univer-
sity Of Krakow, then spent a num-
Der Of years in Italy, studying medi-
cine and canon law. About 1900 he
lectured in Rome on mathematics
and astronomy, then in 1912 he set
tied in Frauenberg, East Prussia,
where he entered holy orders and
became canon Of the cathedral He
is said to have been devoted to the
performance Of his duties and to
have practiced medicine, giving his
services free to the poor, but it was
his discovery Of the Copernican sys.
tenn Of astronomy that made him
famous after his death. His great
work was probably completed in
1880 but was not published until
1913 when he lay dying. Dedicated
to the pope, it described the sun as
the center Of a great system, with
the earth one Of the planets revolv,
ing about it. Modern astronomy was
built on the foundation laid down
by Copernicus.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1939-03-17
qualification Process
Of Maturing Some Seeds

Seeds Of many plants require from
six months to two years in order
to terminate, Most of the Alpines,
primroSeS, wildhowers, stone fruits
and trees and shrubs in the wild
state drop their seeds into the soil
during the summer or late fall.
There they lie all winter undergoing
freezing and thawing, an experience
that bursts the outer coverings and
prepares the Utmost vital germ to
start into life. This process is known
as qualification, writes Ruth MoSher
Place in the Detroit News.
The word is used loosely to de-
scribe any method of burying seeds
indoors or out by which they are
subjected to low temperatures and
allowed to remain in darkness and
moisture until they have reached
the proper stage of maturity.
Whether the actual freezing Of the
seeds completes this process is not
definitely known. Freezing seems
necessary to the the termination Of
many Alpines and for many species
of woody plants and apparently is
part of the process under natural
conditions.
According to the old method Of
stratifying seeds, they were buried
in layers of Sawdust. Nursery prac-
tice consists in planting slow germi-
mating seeds in boxes of pure sand,
which are put six inches deep in the
ground. Sometimes wire cages are
put around the seeds to prevent
damage from rodents. Large seeds,
such as peach stones, are often
planted directly in the ground.
Very fine, choice specimens may be
kept in small fats under cover.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1939-03-17
Coffee Plantations Are
Operated by Hand Power

Coffee plantations are interesting
places, especially to Americans who
are accustomed to seeing only
American-style production Of ordi-
nary agricultural crops.
Coffee seeds are thickly sown in
carefully prepared beds. The seeds
sprout in about 40 days, showing
two small leaves.
The plants then are transferred to
the nursery plots in rows about a
foot apart. During two years in the
nursery the plants grow about two
feet. Then they are ready for trans
planting into holes as described
above.
When the roots take hold firmly
in their new location, the young
trees are bent over and clamped to
the ground by forked pins. This
breaks the skin or bark some eight
or ten inches from the ground.
From these breaks many little
sprouts shoot upward. As soon as
the healthy ones can be distin-
guished, they are pruned down to
four. This process makes for bushy
trees.
About five years later, writes
Capt M. M. Corpening, Guatemala
City correspondent in the Chicago
Tribune. the trees are ready to pro-
duce. In the meantime the soil must
be kept clean and the shade trees
at a correct foliage density. The
grown coffee tree is about eight feet
in diameter (maximum) and IL feet
high, and will last 80 to 40 years If
cared for properly.
All soil maintenance is by hand
with hoes and machetes. Plows are
taboo because they aid soil erosion.
The coffee bean when ripe is red,
and if of good grade half an inch in
diameter. The trees resemble cher
ry trees in good seasons.
The berries are hand picked by
men with baskets strapped around
their waists. This phase is piece
work, at so much per 100 pounds
picked. The harvest begins in No
vember and lasts through to Febru-
airy. There is one crop per year.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1939-03-17
Both Cobalt, Manganese
Needed in Making Steel

Cobalt is used in Steels that are
made to hold cutting edges at high
temperatures. Such steels are used
in high speed cutting tools and for
permanent magnet steel. observes
an authority in the Chicago Tribune.
The United States uses about 10
per cent Of the world production Of
cobalt. 1t produces none. Imports
come chiefly from Canada, Belgian
Africa, and Australia.
Manganese is used in small guam
titles in steel manufacturing to elm
mate gases. One to two per cent Of
manganese in steel increases the
strength of the metal Twelve per
cent manganese steel makes an ex-
tremely tough metal that is resist
ant to abrasion.
Small amounts are present in all
steels. Steel rails contain l to 2
per cent. Frogs, switches and
dredge bucket teeth are made Of
steel containing IL per cent manga
nese. The United States produces
only an insignificant amount Of man.
ganese and uses about 20 per cent
of the world output. Source of sup
plies are Russia, Africa, Brazil and
India.
Other non-ferrous metals used in
making steel include molybdenum
and vanadium.
Molybdenum is used to produce
steel that is capable Of being drawn
or hammered out without losing its
strength and toughness. 1t makes
possible a strong steel that is partic-
ularly valuable for tubing and GER
tain machinery parts.
The United States supplies 80 per
cent of the worlds molybdenum.
Domestic consumption takes about
| 30 per cent of the world supply.
Vanadium gives resiliency and
strength to steel used in tools,
springs, and machinery parts. The
United States produces about Is per
cent of the total output and supple
ments its supply with imports from
Peru and Rhodesia.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1939-03-17
Many Famous People Are
Numbered as Cat Lovers

Frederick B. Eddy in The Plant
er of the Hearth" National Geo
graphic magazine) says:
Many famous people have been
numbered among cat lovers. Among
these was Mohammed, who cut off
a piece of his cloak rather than dis
turb his pet asleep upon it. Cardi-
nal Richelieu signed his state pa
pers with a host Of kittens playing
upon his desk. Theodore Roosevelt
had several cats in the White House.
Poincare and Clemenceau both
loved cats, and the latter directed
that he be buried near his pets
which had given him so much Joy.
Mark Twain has immortalized the
cat Tom Quartz in 'Roughing It
Henry James often worked with a
cat on his shoulder. Edgar Allan
Poe loved cats, although his famous
The Black Cat hardly gives an
attractive picture. Then there are
Charles Dudley Warner, whose trib-
ute to his cat Calvin has become one
Of the classics Of American itera-
ture. Booth Harrington has a rare
understanding of cats, as his de-
scription of the belligerent, loose
living Gypsy in 'Penrod and Sam
plainly shows. Even Grabbed old
Thomas Carlyle so enjoyed cats
society that his wife complained
that his indulgence of their appe-
tites was fast running the rug be-
meath the dining room table"
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1939-03-17
Import Scots. BagpIpe Parts

Scottish bagpipes could not skirl
''The Campbells Are Coming" or
any other tune for that matter, if
Scotland's foreign trade should stop,
as practically all materials used in
modern bagpipes are imported.
Wood for them comes from Africa
or the West Indies, reeds from
Spain, ivory from Africa, bags from
Australia. Though the tartans which
cover the pipes are made In Scot
land, the silken clan ribbons for
them are usually imported from
Switzerland.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1939-03-17
CalifOrnia's First Oil Refinery

The first oil refinery was built in
California in 1876 at NewhaIl by the
Star Oil works company, which had
successfully begun commercial pro-
duction of crude oil in nearby Pico
canyon in 1875. The refinery had
daily capacity Of 20 barrels. Oil
was hauled to it in wooden barrels
from Pico canyon. In 1879 the Pa
cific Coast Oil company took over
the holdings of the former company
and a two-inch pipe line-also the
first in California-was then laid
from Pico canyon to this pioneer re-
fnery. In 1883 the refinery was
permanently shut down, and oil
from the Newhall field was shipped
by rail In tank cars to the new and
large refinery of the Pacific Coast
Oil company at Alameda, near San
Francisco.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1939-03-17
Chinaware Among Later
Table FurnishinRs Used

It was not until the Dutch East
India company began trading with
the Orient that china was introduced
into the western world.
This brought something entirely
new in table furnishings to those
who had been accustomed for gen.
erations to the dull, gray monotony
Of pewter or wooden ware. The de-
STABILITY Of this china was quickly
recognized and the bright colors and
its cleannesS brought pleasure to
those possessing it.
Delft ware was produced by the
Italians in the Fifteenth and Six
teenth centuries.
The method of covering a col
ored body with a white glaze, how
ever, was not unknown to the Ara
bians and Persians, relates Alice R.
Rollins in the Los Angeles Times.
The Dutch followed the method of
the Italians and in turn the English
copied the technique Of the Dutch.
Holland produced delft ware from
1850 to ITO, in imitation Of the i'm
portatiens from China by the Dutch
East India company, which main
tanned a port at Delft.
The Dutch potters themselves ex-
ported their products to all parts
of the world opened to them by
trade and many potters migrated
to foreign countries including Eng
land.
1t was the desire Co create a white
ware that led to the production Of
delft The colored clay body was
first fred, then dipped in a white
glaze or enamel derived from binox-
ide of tin or stannic acid.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1939-03-17
WELCOME HALL FIVE SETTLE
MENT HOUSE CHAMPS

By virtue of 57-51 victory over
Neighborhood House Saturday
night, March IL, at the Halle Q.
Brown floor, the Hall five thus be-
came the Settlement House Inter
mediate Champs. In rolling up 81
points the House League Cham
pions were able to outscore the
rivals from across the river as we'll
as set a scoring record for the
Welcome Hall teams for the cur
rent season.
The Hall men displayed a fast
breaking and passing offense
coupled with an alright defense,
which did not relinquish its hold
until the final period of the fray,
at which time the game and cham
pionship were securely tucked
away.
The Settlement House League in
its first year as an organization
was composed of the following
houses: Neighborhood House, Jew
ish Center, Christ Child Com
munity Center, Halle @. Brown,
ates, Juniors and Midgets, with
Welcome Hall and Halle Q. Brown
dominating three of the four divi-
sions throughout the season.
The members of the Welcome
Central Community Center, Wei
come Hall, st. Paul Boys Club No.
l and St. Paul Boys Club No. 2.
The League fostered the follow
ing divisions: Seniors, Intermedi-
Hall Settlement House team are:
Phil Nelson, Simeon Scroggins,
John Thomas, Chester Harris,
Capt. LaVerne Spanger, Joe Camp,
and Merle Collins.
Coaches Warren and Hall are
beaming with pride, inasmuch as
the performances of this team re-
suited in bringing to Welcome Hall
it's first championship in the his
tory of the institution. The Mu-
nicipal intermediate "a" cham
pions are idle after whipping St
Cashier, defending champions
from 1888, but swing into action
Monday night, March 20, at 6:45
on the Central High school floor
when they tangle with division "B'
champs for the city championship
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1939-03-17
Goose Hangs High Means
Favorable Sailing Ahead

The old phrase the goose hangs
high" is a picturesque expression
and a puzzling one. with only one
certainty - that when the goose
hangs high, it is a good omen. Per
haps it does not matter much wheth-
er hangs" means honk, as Amer
lean photographers contend, or
means hangs, in one of the Oxford
dictionary's definitions. In the first
instance, observes a writer in the
Indianapolis News. the phrase would
mean clear sailing ahead. bright
prospects, actually and iguratively;
in the second. that game meat has
been hung until it is high" or.
figuratively, that happy days are
just around the corner.
American dictionaries say that the
probability is that hangs" is a mis-
pronunciation Of ''honks." To sup
port this view. some students Of say
ingS and folklore in the West say
that early settlers always said hang
for honk because they talked
through their noses. That seems to
be rather far-fetched. Although
the Oxford dictionary does not refer
to the goose. it cites venison as a
meat that is permitted to hang
high" or as an American phrase
has it, to get sanctiied." In Vir-
ginia, where hunting and cooking
trace directly to England. quail and
other game birds are permitted to
season until they hang high" 1t
would seem. therefore, that the
Westerners were not mispronounc-
ing, but misunderstanding. Perhaps
those who erred were not of English
stock, and being unfamiliar with the
idiom, thought the word was honk.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1939-03-17
HALLE @. BROWN COMMU-
NIFTY HOUSE NOTES

CAMP FIRE GIRLS are cele-
brating their 9th birthday this
week. The new group of Camp
Fire Girls at Halle Q. Brown
House have paid their national
dues this week and will celebrate
at a birthday party Monday, March
20, at 400 p. m, when they will
have as their guests the Blue Birds
of the House, who are year old
this month. The Blue Bird pro-
gram is a Junior Camp Fire pro-
gram. Some of these little people
will go into Camp Fire this year.
Miss l. Myrtle Garden, our direc-
tor, and Miss Dorothy Neibel, local
executive of St. Paul Camp Fire
Girls, will also be honored guests.
On Saturday, March IS, the Camp
Fire Girls and Blue Birds of Halle
@. Brown House will be guests at
Uncle Toms Birthday party for all
Camp Fire girls in the city. The
girls, with their guardian, will at
tend.
On Monday, March 81, the regu-
lar day for the Camp Fire girls
cooking class at their guardians
home, they will have a cake baking
contest in their group. Announce
ment of the winners. will be in the
paper for the week of March q.
The Camp Fire girls receiving
their membership are: Iris Brown,
Lorraine Harper, Mary Herod,
Eloise Vassar, frankie Lee and
Jeanette Woods. Miss l. Myrtle
Garden, sponsor, Mrs. Albert But
Ter, guardian.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1939-03-17
Witchcraft In Mexico

The practice Of witchcraft occurs
in Mexico with some local flavor,
but follows the universal ancient
formulas-powders, skulls, magic,
destroying the images Of enemies,
charms, curses, cures, hcantations.
The doctors" who practice 1t have
their credulous clients sit for hours
in darkened adobe huts, with doors
and windows barred, while they
humble strange words, burn herbs
and candles. Usually the client is
asked to bring along personal be-
longing, such as q photograph or
handkerchief, Of the person on
whom he wishes to work magic.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1939-03-17
Afghan Hounds Depend on
Sight Rather Than Scent

The Afghan breed, one of the pur-
est and most ancient, is the product
Of natural development. But little
known in this country, it belongs to
the greyhound family. 1t has a long,
silky coat with especially heavy
feathering on the ear-tips, tail, legs,
and top Of the head. where it forms
a kind Of top-knot.
Early information on the breed is
very meager and the Afghans them
selves seem to have little knowledge
Of its origin. They claim with all
seriousness, however. that Noah
took a pair of these dogs on the
ark.
This statement is, perhaps, not as
fantastic as one might suppose, as
serts p Hamilton Goodsell in the
Detroit News, for the breed is I'M
doubtedly closely related to the Sa-
luki. or gazelle hound, of Egypt,
Syria and Persia which, in turn, is
known to have flourished in the Near
East from time immemorial.
1t is difficult to determine which
breed is the older, or whether the
Afghan found its way west to be-
come the Saluki or vice versa.
Suffice it to say that the type of
the Afghan hound has not changed
within the memory of man. They
have been used in their native land
for hunting for centuries, depend
ing on sight rather than scent They
are used in couples, the male at
lacking the quarry at the throat,
and the female, the hinder part.
Their game consists of deer, jackal,
fox, ETC., and they have been known
to bring down and kill leopards.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1939-03-17
Cracking the Whin

In Lincolnshire, England, are Cor
were) lands held by the following
tenure: Annually, on Palm Sunday,
the lessee comes into the local
church holding a green silk purse,
containing two shillings and silver
penny, tied at the end of a cart
whip, which he cracks three times
Just outside the church door and
then three times again over the
clergyman's head, then kneeling
throughout the sermon, he presents
the clergyman the purse as the SER
mon finishes-and the terms Of his
lease Is fulfilled
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1939-03-17
Hardest Period in Life Of Dwarfs

The hardest period in the life of
dwarfs comes with the first realiza-
ton that they will never grow more.
1t comes when they are nearing the
teens and when they find themselves
outdistanced by their companions,
cut off from games and sports of
their larger companions, and
obliged to seek their own mediums
of entertainment. The fact is that
they turn to their own methods of
entertainment and develop along ac-
robatic. musical or studious lines.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1939-03-17
RObbing Peter to Pay Paul

When we speak of robbing Peter
to pay Paul, we mean sacrificing
one interest for the benefit of an
other. But we probably do not real
ize that the original phrase was,
why rob st. Peter to pay st.
Paul?" For 10 years the Church of
st. Peter in Westminster, which,
by the way, is now Westminster abb
hey, held the status Of cathedral.
Henry VIII, however, who was a
thorn in the flesh Of the church (you
remember it was he who broke
away from Rome and established
the English church,, had other
ideas, notes a writer in PearSon'S
London Weekly. He deprived St.
Peters of its status and sold its
estates to repair st. PauPs cathe-
dral This step led to lot Of heart
burning, and for many years the
question was Indignantly asked,
why rob st. Peter to pay St.
Paul?" Later the saints" were
dropped and so we get the phrase
as we know it today.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1939-03-17
Caribs. Vanishing Race

A vanishing race are the Caribs,
Indians who made things hot for Co
lumbus when he discovered Amer
lea. Only a few hundred of them,
living on the island of Dominica, are
left today, scientists report. Dwarf
ish but fierce fighters, observes a
writer in the Washington Post, Ca
ribs came from Brazils Amazon
wilds to conquer what is now Vene-
zuela, the Guianas, Central Amer
lea, and the West Indies. Good sea-
men, they used canoes with sails. In
reporting battles with these Indians,
Columbus called them "CaribaI,"
later corrupted into "cannibal, /"
which the Caribs were. The same
people supplied a name for the Car
ibbean sea. They were finally sub
dued by Britain and French troops,
who sent them into exile. Only a
few caribs managed to get back to
Dominica later.
Evening star., 1939-12-12
{. u. Is Fearful Pifro'
Won't Be al Best
For Bowl Game
FuIIbock Still Feeling
Effects Of Injury in
st. AnseIm Clash

Growing concern over the condi-
ton of ailing Rocco Pirro, bruising
fullback, today haunted Catholic
University's coaching staff as the
Cardinals continued light workouts
in preparation for their Sun Bowl
collision with Arizona State Teach
ers' College at Ell Paso, Tex, on New
Year Day.
Pirro sustained a back injury
while the Cards were absorbing the
st. Anselm licking and he hasn't
been able to snap back to his physi-
cal peak since. He aggravated the
injury in the Loyola game and was
battered so badly that for the first
time in three years he failed to play
at least one period when the Car
dinals faced Long Island.
Coach Dutch Bergman has ordered
daily diathermy treatments for
Rocco, whose understudy, Nick Sare-
las, is nursing an infected right leg.
Center Johnny White, who had a
sprained right ankle, and Guard
Art Sabo, whose right leg was dam
aged in the Long Island game, have
informed Bergman they are ready
for heavy duty.
Bergman limited the first workout
yesterday to a lirnbering-up drill
and the practice of new formations.
No contact drill will be staged until
Thursday and Dutch doesn't intend
to drive his charges in scrimmage
sessions.
Daily drills will be held until the
team leaves for Ell Paso on Decem-
ber ~. Present plans call for the
Cards to stop off at st. Louis and
Fort Worth.
Evening star., 1939-12-12

A new era in athletics for the
Apprentice School of Newport News,
Va, and its eventual rise to a place
Of prominence among Southern
football teams was envisioned to-
day as a result of its signing of
Frank Dobson, veteran coach of 80
years. who recently resigned at the
University of Maryland
Repeatedly having turned down
two professional and two other COL
lege coaching jobs, Dobson accepted
the offer not only to coach the grid
men of one Of the country's largest
vocational and technical schools,
but also to serve as its recreational
director. It was unof1icially re-
ported that his salary will be $500.
That the Apprentice School is
serious In wishing to play major
college elevens is seen in its recent
adoption of Southern Conference
eligibility rules. Furthermore, it is
scheduled to play both William and
Mary and the University of Rich
mond next year.
Dobson will say "au revoir" to his
many friends in the District at a
testimonial banquet to be rendered
him by University of Maryland
alumni Thursday night at the
Lafayette Hotel. Nearly 200 tickets