davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1939-12-18
Hull Issues Reiorf
ToMcNay's Blast
Al Trade Pacts
Says Evidence Is on
Par With Support Of
HowIey-Smoot Tariff

The debate over the value of the
administrations reciprocal trade
agreement program had expanded
today to include reply from Secre-
tary Of State Hull to Senate Minor,
ity Leader McNary Of Oregon, who
in a letter to Mr.. Hull criticized the
program. The administrations au-
thority to make reciprocal trade
agreements expires in June unless
Congress votes to extend it.
"The evidence you now adduce in
support Of your assertions that trade
agreements have imposed hardships
on our domestic producers" Mr.. Hull
wrote Senator McNary, "is on par
with the evidence trumpeted
throughout the country 10 years ago
by the sponsors of the Hawley-
Smoot tariff, in support of their
reckless assertions that tariff en-
bargoes would give our agriculture
and industry permanent and re-
splendent prosperity.
1--WE all know that the operation
of the Hawley-Smoot tariff did not
prevent, but was largely responsible
for, the worst economic disaster
which has ever struck our country"
Secretary HUI. replied to letter
from Senator McNary which the
Secretary said related to the effect
upon United States foreign trade of
wartime currency depreciations. Mr..
Hull said Senator McNary claimed
that "our country has suffered so
serious an injury as result of the
depreciation of those currencies that
we should Immediately invoke the
exchange rate provisions in our trade
agreements for the purpose Of mod
flying or cancelling the agreements
themselves"
The Secretary added that Senator
McNary's sole evidence of injury"
was the Citation of a theory that
when one country depreciates its
currency unit. another country,
whose currency remains at the old
level, inevitably finds its exports to
the depreciated-currency country
retarded and its imports from that
country stimulated"
Secretary Hull replied that United
States exports to Canada, Great
Britain and France during the first
two months of the war had increased
$45 PAL 900 over the same period
year ago, compared with an increase
in imports of $20,139, 900.
Evening star., 1939-12-18
City News in Brief

1ODA1.
Meeting, Federal Bar Association,
Mayflower Hotel, pm.
Dinner. Southern Railroad, La
fayette Hotel, $50 pm.
Meeting, Woodbridge Stamp Club,
Taft Junior High School, pm.
Meeting, Alpha Chapter. Kappa
Gamma Sorority, Raleigh Hotel,
tbs pm.
Meeting, Knights of Columbus,
Fourth Degree, Mayflower Hotel,
8 pm.
Executive Board meeting, Wom-
ems American Ort, Jewish Com
munity Center. 8 pm.
Meeting, Senators Club Alumni
Of Catholic u, Wardman Park
Hotel, 8 pm.
Meeting, Washington Chapter,
Evening star., 1939-12-18

Gamma Sorority, Raleigh Hotel,
7:30 pm.
Meeting, Gold Star Mothers,
Raleigh Hotel, 1:30 pm.
Meeting, Womens s Bar Association,
Mayhower Hotel, pm.
Meeting, Bon Vivants Club, La
fayette Hotel, 6 pm.
Dinner, Graphic Arts Club, An
napolis Hotel, $50 pm.
Dinner, Washington Board Of
Trade, Raleigh Hotel, 7 pm.
Social meeting, District Chapter,
Catholic Daughters of America, Will
lard Hotel, 7:30 pm.
Meeting, Power Engineers. Ra-
leigh Hotel, 7:30 pm.
Meeting, Zeta Beta Chi, May
flower Hotel, 8 pm.
Meeting, Washington Chapter,
American Red Cross, Wardman
Park Hotel, 8 pm.
Meeting, Phi Epsilon Pi Frater-
nifty, Wardman Park Hotel, 8 pm.
Meeting, Sigma Delta Kappa Fra
ternity, Carlton Hotel, 8 pm.
Meeting, Syrian Washingtonian
Club, Willard Hotel, $50 pm.
Dance, Willard employees, Willard
Hotel, 10 pm.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1939-12-30

was indicated by Mrs. Lucy M. Nit
chell high official of the Boston Psi
Omega chapter of the sorority, that
efforts are now underway to win equal
opportunity for colored girls in other
than the civil service fields. In the
civil service, Mrs. Mitchell, whose hus-
band is a prominent South End at
torney, finds an encouraging sign in
the fact that Greater Boston alone now
employs some so colored school teach
ers of very high caibre, who are
banded together in a club of their own.
One of the outstanding personalities
at the convention is a former Boston
woman, Mrs. Charlotte Hawkins
Brown, who achieved amazing success
with the Palmer Institute in Sedalia,
N. c., which she created as a finishing
school for colored girls, the only school
Continued on Page a.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1939-12-30
.R. III. WHITE
WORKERS WIN

The elevator operators of the r. H.
White Department Store are jubilant
over having won a years battle with
the store union, to have the Building
Service Employers Union Local 80 of
the American Federation of Labor be
their collective bargaining agency of
the craft of employees in which they
are included. As a result of the victory
on Dec. IS, a contract for closed shop
was signed with the management and
with increases of three and four dol
lars in salary for the operators.
1t is regrettable that several of the
operators refused to join Local 80 and
tried to defeat the purpose of the union
though they are now enjoying all bene-
fits derived.
Much credit is due Miss Viola L.
Dickinson, who ably and fearlessly
represented the operators before the
State Labor Board and the store man
agement. Miss Dickinson was unani-
mOusly elected recording secretary at
a recent election of officers of Local 30.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1939-12-30
THREE
DURING 1880

TUSKEGEE, Ala.-Three persons
were lynched in 1899 according to re
ports compiled in the Tuskegee Insti-
tute's department of records and re-
search.
This is three less than the number
six for the year 1888; five less than
the number eight for each of the years
1887 and 1886; and II less than the
number 20 for the year 1885. Two of
the persons lynched were taken from
the hands of the law-one from the
jail and the other from an officer of
the law outside of Jail.
There were IS reports of instances
in which officers of the law prevent
lynchings. All of these instances re
ported were in the southern states. In
all instances, the persons were removed
or the guards augmented or other pre-
cautions taken. A total number of 25
persons, five white men and 20 colored
men, were thus saved from the hands
of mobs.
OF the persons lynched, two were
colored and one was white. The often
SEES charged were: Murder, |; fatal in
jury to boy in automobile accident. |:
alteration with man, l.
The states in which Iynchings occur
red and the number in each state are
as follows; Florida, ?; Mississippi, /.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1939-12-30
XMAS TREE IN
MADISON PARK

Several hundred South End children
were made happy with gifts of mittens,
stockings and other presents at Christ
mas tree exercises Tuesday night in
Madison Park.
The affair was sponsored by the
Greater Boston Trade Association,
Leon Lomax president and the House
wives League, Mrs. Mayme cambridge,
president. DR.. W. 0. Taylor chorister
of Zion Church was present with a
group of carol singers. DR.. c. n. Gar
land presided
The bitter cold weather tended to
shorten the elaborate program ar
ranged by the committee. The iubilant
Youngsters unmindful of the cold were
out in large numbers and greatly en-
joyed their outdoor party.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1939-12-30
I'M CROW ON
WASHINGTON
AROUSES FANS

los ANGELES, Calf, (C.N.A.D-
Im~- Of picketing and boycott were
heard his week as popular anger
Wo"N."0 at the discriminatory barring
q. ho4uy Washington, great colored
INLA halfback, from the annual
>mlne East-West game at the Kezar
Stadium on New Years Day. The re-
Eu~al Of the tive-man committee headed
hE Coach Babe HolIingberry to name
Washington TO the All-Star West team
h1 caused great repercussions among
) uthem California football fans.
While Washington modestly with
l".d comment, irate fans and sports ex-
htrts gutfawed at the committees
ram that it had selected the % best
football players available on the Paci-
liz Coast.
Although Christmas vacation has
empticd the UCLA campus of its thou
sands of students, 300 remaining mem
beers teIographed the committee thew
would urge a boycott of the game be-
cause of discrimination against Wash
'HgIm and Woodrow Wilson STROBE.
star coIorcd USCA end, who was also
ignored
Ihc students, mostly residents of
continued on Page 81
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1939-12-30
OPEN HOUSE AT
18th M. E. CHURCH
PARSONAGE

The Fourth Methodist Church, Rev.
S. M. Riley, Jr., energetic pastor, will
celebrate the successful purchase of a
ten room parsonage at l Cleveland
Park, Roxbury, from 100 pm. until
1000 pm. New Years Day, January
l, 1910.
The public is cordially invited to
participate in this affair The interest
of the entire community in the success
of this church accomplishment will
cause hundreds to pass through this
lovely ten room mansion, located at l
Cleveland Park, off Cleveland Street,
between Winthrop and Moreland SITS.
There will be registration of all who
Continued on Page 81
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1939-12-30
New CoIored Exodus From South Forecast
Lynhngs in 1899 Kenny Washington Soon Meets Jim
22ND AKA BOULE GREAT SUCCESS

Nearly two hundred college women
from all over the country invaded
Boston this week for the 22nd Annual
Boule of the Alpha Kappa Alpha
Sorority. Their broad program sought
the advancement of college women and
the race in general. Sessions began
Wednesday and carried through to
Saturday. The Robert Gould Shaw
House being the headquarters. A lobby
is supported by the sorority in Wash
ington and a health project in Missis-
sippi together with scholarships are the
means by which these talented women
seek their ends.
For Boston and Massachusetts girls
the discussion showed, great opportu-
mites rest in civil service jobs, rather
than in private employment either by
mercantile establishments or larger
companies and corporations. But it
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1939-12-30
YOUNG PASTOR
ORDAINED

On Dec. II, at an impressive service,
Rev. William c. Robinson was or
dained into the Baptist ministry at
Twelfth Baptist Church. At the same
service the Twelfth Baptist Church was
welcomed as a member of the Baptist
Boston West Association.
Rev. Frank Valdina, moderator of
the Baptist Boston West Association
was master of ceremonies. The min
utes of the Ordination Council held
ON Dec. D, were read by Rev. Chellis
Smith of Hyde Park, clerk of the coun-
il and also former instructor of Mr..
Robinson while the latter was student
Continued on Page 81
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1939-12-30
NEW EXODUS
LOOMS FROM
THE SOUTH

SAN FRANCISCO, Dec. ga mi
grafton Of Colored from the Southern
cotton fields much more terrible than
that from the dust bowl" was predicted
this week at the LaFollette civil liber-
ties committee probe of civil rights vio-
lations.
Professor John B. Canning of the
Stanford University economics depart
ment said it will come when harvesting
is mechanical to compete with new
irrigated cotton-growing lands in South
America, the Soviet Union and Africa.
"When-not if-the migration out
Of the cotton-growing South begins"
Continued on Page 81
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1939-12-30
A. p. RANDOLPH
BACK FROM
PACIFIC COAST

NEW YORK CITY-After an ex-
tended trip which carried A. Philip
Randolph through the great North
west to the Pacific Coast, speaking to
large audiences in public mass meet
ings in st. Paul, Minnesota, Seattle,
Washington, Portland, Oakland and
Los Angeles, California, Salt Lake
City, Denver, Colorado and Omaha,
Nebraska, the International President
of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car
Porters is now back East in New York
City at the international Headquarters
of the Union.
Mr.. Randolph states that the Bro
Continued on Page s.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1939-12-30
Joint Recital
Jan. Is, 1910

A musical treat will be presented
Thursday. Jan. Is, 1910 when four
renowned concert artists will appear
in a joint recital at Lincoln Halls, 1873
West Springfield Street Paul Plan
con, concert manager.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1939-12-30
DUNBAR EXPLAINS
HOLIDAY MIXUP

Due to a new city ordinance which
denied the operation of Bathrooms
Christmas Eve, the Dunbar Associates
were unable to present Ella Fitzgerald
and her orchestra and want to thank
their many patrons of Greater Boston,
Providence, Bangor, and other distant
cities, for their willingness to cooperate
with them. On Jan. y, at the Rose
land State Ballroom the music of Cab
Galloway and his orchestra positively
will be heard.
Evening star., 1939-04-05
Ba||ou Emphasizes
Benefits Gained
From Swimming
Head of D. G. Schools
Indorses Campaign
Of Star and Y. N. c. A.

Advantages OF swimming from
standpoints Of sport and physical
development were emphasized yes
terday by DR.. Frank w. Ballou,
superintendent Of schools, In In
dorsing the boys "learn-to-swim
campaign" to be conducted April
10 to IS by the Central Young Mems
Christian Association in co-opera-
ton with The Star.
DR.. Ballou said:
1T is a pleasure to indorse and
encourage the annual learn-to-swim
campaign sponsored by the Y. M.
G. A. and The Evening Star.
I'm addition to the safety and
sport element which swimming af-
fords consideration should be given
to the physical benefits to be OBJ
tanned. Tests conducted by num-
Der of colleges have shown that
Of all the activities offered by physi-
cal education departments SWIM
ming made the largest and most
lasting contribution to the improve
ment of posture and the develop
ment of a well-proportioned body.
II extend my congratulations to
the Y. M. C. A. and The Evening
Star for their far-sighted policy in
Offering without cost sport which
can and will contribute to the en-
joyment, safety and physical devel-
opment of boys"
Arrangements have been made to
provide instruction for $50 boys in
the boys Y NJ. C. A. Building, 1882
G street NV. Colored boys will be
taught at the Twelfth Street Branch
Y. M. c. A., 1916 Twelfth street
NV.
Evening star., 1939-04-05
Police Seek Two Boys
As Purse Snutchers

Two boys in knee pants were
hunted by police today as the pair
who snatched pocketbook contain
ing $50 cash and postal certifi-
Gates froen Dorothy Alarid, 1920
Seventeenth street NV.
The theft was reported last night.
The victim told police that the boys,
both colored, had seized her purse
as she walked on Pennsylvania ave-
nue. between Twenty-fourth and
Twenty-fifth streets NV
Catherine Griffith. 644 A street
Sc. reported that her purse con-
tanning SIG in cash was snatched
from her hand by colored boy as
she walked on Seventh street be-
tween A and B streets Sc. last
night.
Mrs. Roscoe C. Holmes, 1885 L
street NV, told police that her
purse. containing keys and papers,
was Snatched as she walked on L
street between Fifteenth and Six
teenth streets NV.
Evening star., 1939-04-05
Mrs. Ida M. Sanford
Dies After Illness

Mrs. Ida M. Sanford, "a, died
Monday at her residence at $50 Dale
drive. Silver Spring, Md, after a
short Illness.
A native of Washington, Mrs. San
ford was educated in the schools of
this city. She was the daughter of
Mrs. Catherine WEIGH.
For more than half a century she
lived at Templeman's Cross Roads,
Va, where her husband, the late
Oscar L. Sanford was farmer and
operated a large cannery. She was
an active worker in the Nomini
Baptist Church there and for more
than 20 years served as president
of the Missionary Society of the
church.
Besides her son. Emmons NJ. San
ford, with whom she had rrade
Evening star., 1939-04-05
Fireman Hurt in Fall

Pvt. John Daily, 43, of Engine Com
pany 20 is inf Emergency Hospital
with a shoulder injury received last
night while fighting a fire at 1881
Forty fourth street NV. He fell
two stories from a ladder. The fire
destroyed tbs roof of the house,
which was occupied by j. G. Brad
shaw and family.
Evening star., 1939-04-05

her home for the past six months,
she is survived by a brother, John
M. Welch of Washington and two
grandchildren, Dolores and Emmons
Sanford, ir,
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1939-05-23
MUSIC UNIT TO
MEET ON FRIDAY
SUPERVISOR OF PROJECT
CALLS SESSION TO BE
HELD AT Art CENTER

George Mills White, supervisor
of the local unit of the Federal
Muse Project, who is managing
the symphony concert to be held
here on June 8, has called a
meeting for Friday night at 8
O'Clock to be held at the Key
West Art Center.
This meeting will be devoted
to organizing a local sponsoring
committee. All persons interest
ed in music and, the promotion
work necessary to make such
concerts a success, are invited to
attend this meeting The spon-
sors will assist in the general pro-
motion work.
The first symphony concert in
Key West is included in a tour
of the orchestra through several
cities i'm South Florida. The or
chcStra was organized with the
idea of bringing to the cities of
the state the best in music. With
the success of this first concert,
Key West may be assured of be-
ing included in several tours
planned for the fall and winter
seasons.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1939-05-23
UNIONISM, GAINS AND LOSSES
By BERNARR MACFADDEN in Liberty Magazine


Der of miners may have to look
for other jobs.
l called attention previously to
a personal experience in which
unionism in our own organization
caused five hundred employees to
lose their jobs.
They had been employed by us
for seven years. A wage reduc-
ton would have kept their jobs,
and even with such a reduction
they would have been paid three
times what they would have re
ceived on the dole or for WPA
work.
Looking back to the beginning
of the depression, the Macfadden
Publications officials were com
PEELED to make one 10-percent
wage reduction and shortly
thereafter a 25-percent reduction.
If our offices had been national
ly unionized we would not have
been able to make this reduction
and our business would have be-
come bankrupt. All our employees
would have looked for other
jobs.
The main fault with some
union leaders is their failure to
differentiate between employers.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1939-05-23
SCOUT TROOP
HOLDS SESSION
PLAN FOUR-DAY ENCAMP-
MENT IN NEAR
FUTURE

Boy Scouts of Troop 81 held
their regular troop meeting last
night in the Wesley Hall. Senior
Patrol Leader Russell Hyman
opened the session with the Scout
Oath and Law, followed by the
Lords Prayer.
A report was made on the
Green Bar meeting and also a dis
cussion was held on plans for a
boxing match to be staged in the
near future. A report of the
troops treasurer was made and
the boys were well pleased with
the figures given.
Scouts of the troop were very
enthused over the mention of a
trip over the water, which may
be taken during the early part
of June, with expectations of a
fourday encampment.
The meeting was called with
the Scoutmaster's Benediction
after which few boxing match
es were held. Frank Papy won
a decision over Gilbert Hall in
the first match. Scouts enjoyed
the exhibition very much.
There were about twenty four
members present. Eugene Berko-
WITT is the troops scribe.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1939-05-23

Because of my frank and SYM
pathetic criticism \of labor. pub
locations devoted to union inter-
ests have declared | am an enc
my of unions.
That statement is false, abso-
lutely!
But l believe in Americanism
to the nth degree. That means,
if a worker wants to join a union
he should have that right; but If
he desires to depend on his own
efforts and does not want to join
union, he should have that
privilege.
Before the Wagner Act there
were less than three and half
million workers organized. This
law enabled unions to more than
double their membership. There
are now more than eight million
organized workers. But two and
half times that numbcr-tWen-
ty millionaire still unorganized.
There are other factors besides
higher wages that should be con-
sidercd when workers are pom
dering the binding tie of union
ism. Will it assist or hinder the
organization in which they are
employed? Whenever their con-
ditions can be improved finan-
cially or otherwise through
unionism, they should not hest
tate.
But there are many instances
where the urWise decisions of
union leaders have placed their
followers on the dole or on WPA
charity jobs. Thousands, millions
undoubtedly, have had to accept
that fate in the innumerable
strikes during the depression.
Take the coal strikes Oil was
not used for heating until strikes
made it difficult to secure coal.
Lack of heat in winter becomes
tragedy in cities, and oil-burn-
ing furnaces were contrived. Now
oil is keen competitor of coal,
and if the coal supply continues
to be unstable, still larger num-
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1939-05-23

There are employers who give
workers every consideration-pay
them wages as nigh as they can
and still conduct a stable bust
ness. But there are others who
squeeze employees to the limit,
who are greedy and grasping.
For employers of this type unions
are absolutely essential. They
should be forced to pay a fair
wage. But why hamper and re-
strict employers who are dealing
fairly with their workers?
Why should Ford's employees
be compelled TO unlonize? Their
working conditions and wages
are said to be better than those
of any unionized organization.
Ford was the employer who Gre
ated a sensation by paying five
dollars d day tor ordinary labor
when the prevailing wage was
one dollar and u halt 10 two dol
lars.
Unlonism, when it is sympa-
thetlc and lntcIngent and really
strives tor the interests of the
workers, Is certainly commend
able. That KIND OF uulonlSm has
increased wages and raised the
living standard. But unioniSm
that rulhlcssIy destroys jobs of
the workers, that attacks and
wrecks the business in which the
workers are employed that is
controlled by leadership that
cares nothing about the future
stability of the business, is a foul
blot upon the name of unionism.
AND the difficulties with which
business has had To struggle III
recent years and in which the
employer is made the goat III
fight bctWcen opposing unions
has made that kind Of unlOniSm
smell to high heaven.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1939-05-23
Junior Club To
Meet Thursday

Miss Susan LaKin, president of
the Junior Woman's Club, an
nounced a social meeting of the
club for Thursday afternoon at 5
o'clock in the home of the Key
West Woman's Club on Division
street.
AS is the regular custom card
games will furnish the enter
tainment for those in attendance
during the afternoon and a deli
cious refreshmcnt course will be
served.
HostesSes who will be in
charge Of the affair are Miss
Louisa Delaney and Miss Frances
Ellsworth.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1939-05-23

of other American colonial leaders
and, shortly after his arrival, estab-
lished a brew-houSe, the product of
which became famous for its quality
Other parts of the brew-house were
used as bakery and laundry.
j. Thomas Scharf and Thompson
Westcott reported in their History
of Philadelphia" that the last of the
manor buildings-the brew-house-
was still standing in 1884. They pub
lished drawing of it at the time. Old
time drawings of the manor are in
existence and architects have been