davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1939-09-02
THIS AND THAT
BY Charles Z. TrncetueN.

Which facts do one the most good,
those learned to answer other peoples
questions or those acquired to answer
ones own7
The difference between juvenile and
adult education lies right there.
Memorizing In order to answer ques-
tions, or acquiring because one wants to
know something?
There can be no perfect line Of de-
marcation, but in the main these two
kinds Of knowledge may be divided 80.
The adult will feel that he has much
the better Of the bargain.
A boy making an intensive study of
birds, let us say, in order to be able to
pass an "exam" on them has one sort
OF learning and knowledge.
The householder, watching the birds
for his own pleasure. has distinctly
another.
The child's facts have no particular
relation to need.
He will find that he forgets them as
quickly as he learns them.
The bird observer who takes to his
books to find out (which bird is that
gets facts which stick to him.
+Ak y
But education, one may say, Is merely
a sampling at best, and this is true.
There is no reason to expect a mass
Of quickly acquired facts to remain in
the memory long.
Nobody ever has satisfactorily ex-
planned the exact relation of memory to
education, anyway. At one time educa-
tional authorities-and these included
was simply mass of facts drilled into
the memory. This process tended, at its
worst, to evolve veritable walking en-
cyclopedias," at its best men and women
who forgot as quickly as they could all
the book larnin'" they had acquired.
The swing from this sort of education
to the modern type has been going on a
good while now; today children are ex-
posed to as many activities as possible,
in their classroom work, and in addition
they are afforded list of extracurricular
activities which positively stagger the
older person who may remember his own
school day.
The modern theory seems to be the
good idea of giving a child an acquain-
tance with everything, and letting him
do his own selecting, sort of natural
adoption. This is merely broadening
Of what had been done before by the
pupil himself, but in a secret sort of way.
In the old days II boy admired blood
andthunder" fiction, he had to read it
between the covers of his geography
book. Now they make course" out OF
them.
Collecting clubs of all sorts. beginning
in school days. have brought the good
hobbies of mankind into the open, SO
that even little children get the collect
ing habit Here again, children always
Evening star., 1939-09-02
Asks Curb on
Auto Horns.

Asks Curb on
Auto Horns.
To the Editor of The Star:
Now that the pedestrian law is being
so closely enforced think the almost
incessant and unnecessary blowing of
horns should be punished, and also the
careless motorist in parked cars in front
of homes throwing papers and Ice cream
cups all over the sidewalks. Why can't
our beautiful Nations Capital be kept
as clean as smaller cities? am not con-
demning our police, for I think we
have the finest in the world In our little
city Of woodbridge, D. c.
August 81. JUST A CITIZEN.
Evening star., 1939-09-02
Alaska for REFUGEES

Suggestions to the effect that
Alaska might serve as a haven for
refugees from Europe have been
heard from time to time for many
months; but no definite move toward
their reception was made until Sec
Evening star., 1939-09-02

Illustration of the ebullient Italian
spirit: For years Red Russia has been
the villain of the piece; now, lined
up with the axis, she becomes ad-
mired as the Powerful Katrinka.
Evening star., 1939-09-02

Astronomers have listed no fewer
than $1,000 variable stars" not
counting those out In Hollywood,
where the average of variability runs
exceptionally high.
Evening star., 1939-09-02

=. The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to
credited to it or not otherwise credited in this
paper and also the local news published herein
All rights of publication of special dispatches
herein also reserved
Evening star., 1939-09-02
Letters to the Editor

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address OF
the ,Driter, although the use OF
a pseudonyn for publication is
permissible. Please be brief!
Evening star., 1939-09-02
Rate by Mail-Payable in Advance.
Member of the ASsOcia ted Press.

Entered as second-class matter post ONCE,
Washington D. c.
Evening star., 1939-09-02
WASHING TON, d. C.
SATURDAY September 2, 1899

The Evening Star Newspaper Company.
Main Once: tn St. and Pennsylvania Ave.
New York once: 110 East 42nd st.
CHICAGO once: 435 North Michigan Ave.
Evening star., 1939-09-02


A. The godfathers of George Wash
ington were Beverly Whiting and Capt.
Christopher Brooks. His godmother was
Mildred Gregory, his fathers sister.
Q. How much water does tree alb
sorb through its leaves?-M. L. w.
A. A large tree may absorb and dis
charge through its leaves as much as 80
gallons of water on single hot day.
Transportation one of the vital processes
taking place in all green things, literally
pours water in vapor form through the
leaf pores all summer long. Unless the
root system is able to provide for this
process, the leaves dry up, and are un-
able to manufacture food necessary for
the growth and vitality of the organism.
@. How long has Walt Disney been
making cartoons?-W. B. r.
A. Walt Disney started cartooninp
In Kansas City in 1921 when he made the
Laugh-O-Gram series. In October, 1923,
he and his brother Roy went to Holly
wood and produced the Alice Cartoons.
The first Mickey Mouse was Steamboat
Willie" 1928. The first Silly Symphony
was "The Skeleton Dance" 1929. The
first Silly Symphony in color was Flow
ers and Trees" 1892.
@. Please give the legend of the En-
chanted Mesa in New Mexico-J. H.
A. The Enchanted Mesa is called
Katzimo (the accursed) by Acoma In
dians. According to tradition, their an.
cestors, who had gone to their fields In
the plains, were prevented from return
ing to their high mesa home by terrific
storm which destroyed their rock ladder.
leaving three women, two to die Of star
vation and one to commit suicide In
despair.
Evening star., 1939-09-02

September !
Greenbelt cooperator. (Greenbelt, Md.) 1937-1954, 1939-08-17
O'BRTEN WILL COMMAND
AMERICAN LEGION POST

New officers of the local Ameri can Legion Post
were elected at a meeting in the post home
Thursday, August 3.
George o'Brien selected as commander Other
officers are:
Leon G. Benefiel, first vice commander; Lambert
hezina, second vice commander; Harry L. Bell, ad-
jutant; DR.. J. W. McCarl, service officer; David R.
Ste1nle, finance officer; Carl T. Day, hstorian;
Elmer Alion, chaplain; Earl Mathers, sergeant at
arms; Harry Stewart, George Berkelew ard Char les
Lowe, color bearers Bart j. Finn, George Bryant and
Mr.. Bell, delegates.
ALL officers will for the ensuing year.
Installation Of the leaders Will be held Thurs
day, August II at the post home. There will be re-
fresments and entertai meat, at this session. which
Will be open to all rel atives and friends Of the
Legion members. The services will begin at Pm.
Greenbelt cooperator. (Greenbelt, Md.) 1937-1954, 1939-08-17
PooSH ZEN UP
To the Editors


Elsewhere in the columns of the CooPERAToR is the
happy that our local stores have earned
$2,A5s2o for the quarter ended June 30, 1882 which
added to profit of 81 OH SO for the first quarter
constitutes accumulated earning of 3,l58.l2 for
the first half Of the current year. These earnings
Will to the benefit Of cooperative and
when it is finally formed.
The fact that Greenbelt Consumer Services, Inc.
has enjoyed two successive quarters Of earnings com
bined with the fact that earnings increasing
an accelerated rate, to indicate quite con-
clusively that the period of losses normally expected
in connection with the establi sment Of businesses
such has been definitely shortened. Granted
efficient management and proper support,
stores are now in position to substantial
goods to them at prices in line with those charged
by most efficient chain stores.
On August l., the books Of the Treasurer of the
Cooperative OrgaZ ing Comm ttee indicated that sos
had subscribed for SIC shares in the ooper
tive, with 43 dwelling units represented. g., 1850
Of the $4,000 subscribed had been received and
deposited in the bank.
Now, obviously 1872 represents pretty good
half yearly return S., 10000 Of stock any
Company. Yet, in the face Of this fact and with full
knowledge that all organic rational ground work look
ing towards the formation Of cooperative
accopli shed and is but marking time pending payment
Of subscribers shares, only 30 per cent have
fully paid share to their credit. q per cent have
paid only their initial dollar, the rest varying
amounts between two and nine dollars.
Unless we all take very definite steps to pay up
our shares, the tentative organization date Of
October may have to be again po stponed. IF
want the cooperative have indicated by
subscriptions to shares, why not play fair with
those who have backed their convictions with their
cash, take Of obligations and put this
thing across without delay.
Greenbelt cooperator. (Greenbelt, Md.) 1937-1954, 1939-08-17
~ yeap AGO

(Fron the CooPRAToR of August II, 1887
New officers elected for the CoOpERAToR
staff and for the journalistic Club. .........
Council authorized three weeks annual leave for
town employees..........
VI. R. Poole, former CoOPERATOR editor, left
Greenbelt for better position In Georgia........
Snob Hill outplayed the Bees and won a thril ing
ball game, to l....s.....
Little Virginia McGuckin was operated on for
acute appendix itis..........
Finance Officer j. W. Rabbit represented Green
belt at the convention of the NUM- pal Finance
Officers Association in St. Paul, Minnesota August
1518ss........
Evening star., 1939-02-11
Chicago Grain
BY the Associated Press.

BY the ASSOCIATED fTeSS.
CHICAGO, Feb. 11-Wheat prices
averaged minor fractions lower to-
day. influenced by weaker foreign
markets and prospects of more fa-
vorable weather in the domestic
grain belt.
The market was slow. however,
and traders were not inclined to
venture far, although there was
some bearish sentiment because of
the improved weather outlook. A
little precipitation fell overnight.
Fair and warmer weather was indi-
Gated for the North Central States
tonight and tomorrow and more
precipitation the latter part of next
week was forecast for parts of the
area.
Other domestic markets reflected
the lower trend here. Minneapolis
was off 14-@s early and Kansas City
was 1s-l4 off. Winnipeg opened
Is lower
Theretwas no export demand for
North American grains overnight.
Corn started steady to a shade
higher, but eased slightly under
small liquidating selling and some
local pressure. Continued weakness
of the Buenos Aires market, which
closed unchanged to a lower, also
depressed the market. Heavier feed
ing of live stock was expected in
some of the corn belt States because
of colder weather.
The Commodity Credit Corp. an
nounced that loans made on corn
through February 9 under the 1885,
80 corn loan program now aggregate
$81 ,454 $50 on 143 OIL ,4O3 bushels, an
increase of II 1,188,010 bushels for the
week
The Liverpool wheat market, due
unchanged to "a lower. closed 14-ss
off under pressure of moderate SELL
ing that reflected slow inquiry for
cash wheat and prospects of large
shipments this week. Rotterdam
wheat closed Ia to cents lower.
Oats and rye markets had little
activity and prices averaged slightly
lower with wheat and corn. Lard
was about steady.
Around midsession wheat was un-
changed to "a higher, compared with
yesterdays finish. May and July,
675s; and corn was unchanged to 1s
down, May, 4S1s; July, 49$s.
Evening star., 1939-02-11
Nv the Associated Press.

BY the Associated PreSS.
NEW YORK, Feb. 11-A better
demand was in evidence for rail and
utility issues in today's bond market,
lifting many fractions to more than
point. Other groups were inclined
to stand still along with United
States Governments.
Missouri ri-Kansas-TeXas IS of 81
and Pennsylvania general 4i2s of
'65 were lively performers on the
tape, the former gaining around IL
points as the session went into the
final hour and the latter up
nearly p.
Others noted in the recovery
column included Southern Rail
way As, Baltimore & Ohio Alps,
Chesapeake & Ohio 4l2s, Illinois
Central 434s International Hydro
electric IS and International Tele-
phone SIS.
The general run of industrials did
little either way. Studebaker IS
were up nearly point and slight
improvement was shown by Ana
conda Copper 4i2s and Armour of
Delaware As Bethlehem Steel 4L4s
and Texas Corp. 3l2s were slightly
lower.
United States Governments re-
fected pre-holiday apathy. Gains
of 1-32d to 3-32d of a point were
In the majority. Only handful of
issues changed hands.
Foreign government bonds showed
some improvement. There was
good demand for Australian IS and
German SIPS.
Evening star., 1939-02-11
Larger Orange Production
Is Recorded for 1888
Rx the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
The Federal Crop Reporting Board
Yesterday estimated 1888 production
of oranges at 80,93l 900 boxes, COM
pared with 74.476,O00 in 1887 and
Asst 900 averaged in the 926-l936
period.
Production of grapefruit was esti-
mated at 4O996000 boxes in 1888,
81 O93 900 in 1887 and l6,772,000 for
the 10-year average.
The California lemon crop was
estimated at 11.234O00 boxes, COM
pared with 9,355000 in 1887 and
7,487,OOO for the 1O-year average.
The production of each of these
crops set a new record. the board
said.
Production of Florida lines was
estimated at $4,000 boxes. compared
with 10000 in 1887 and 10000 for
the 10-year average.
Orange production by major pro-
ducing States: California. 47,7l0,00O
boxes; Florida, 29,9OOO0O; Texas,
100000
Production of grapefruit by major
States Florida. 2l000000; Califor-
mia. 1,896,0OO: Texas, 15,000000, and
Arizona, 100000.
Evening star., 1939-02-11
Your Income Tax
No. 13-
DEDUCTIONS FOR PROFESS
SIONAL EXPENSES.

A professional man may deduct all
necessary expenses incurred in the
pursuit of his profession. These in
clude the cost of supplies used in his
practice, office rent, cost of light,
water, fuel and telephone in his
office, the hire of Office assistants
and expenses paid in the operation
and repair of an automobile, based
upon the proportion of time it is
used in making professional calls or
for other professional purposes.
Many physicians use their resi-
dences both as their Offices and their
homes In such instance the phySl-
clan may deduct as business ex-
pense the rental value of the rooms
occupied for Office purposes If he
actually pays rent. and also the cost
of light and heat furnished these
rooms. Also, he may deduct por-
ton of the wages paid domestic
servants whose time is partly occu-
pied in caring for these rooms.
Membership dues in professional
societies are deductible. Physicians
and dentists who keep in their
waiting rooms current magazines
and newspapers for the benefit of
their patients may deduct this item
as business expense. The cost of
professional journals for the tax
payers own use Is also a deductible
item.
The cost of technical books is not
a deductible item, being a capital
expenditure, but proportionate
amount for each years depreciation
Of the books may be deducted. De-
probation may also be taken on
office furniture and equipment. In
surance premiums on Office or other
professional equipment and liability
insurance may be deducted. A pre-
MUM paid for automobile liability
insurance should be apportioned and
that part of the premium attribu-
table to business may be deducted
as business expense.
Evening star., 1939-02-11
January Construction
Increases Sharply
In 215Cities
ControseosonoI Upturn
Carries Volume to
$94,720,0l9 Mark
BY the Associated Press.


NEW YORK, Feb. l1.-Building
permits issued during January for
new residential and non-residential
construction in 215 cities in the
United States advanced against sea-
sonal expectations to $94, ,720,019, the
highest January total-with the ex-
ception of last January-since 1881,
Dun e. Bradstreet reported.
The value of December permits
amounted to $89,582,20 A year
ago they totaled $146,8661 125.
The cost of permits in all cities
except New York amounted to S70,-
O58 1893, which compared with the
December figure of SGT 7,3l9,756. New
York permits expanded to S24 ,661 ,62l
from S22 2,262,447.
A new building code put into ef-
feet in New York in the 1888 month
caused rush of file permits.
All major sections, except Middle
Atlantic and mountain regions,
showed gains over the 1888 month.
In the South Atlantic the total OF
S9.935,755 compared with S5,168,012
last year. In East Central States
January permits amounted to s10,-
649,865, compared with S8042,027.
The Pacific Coast total was Sl4,946,-
839, compared with $l1,953, 3,343 in
the 1888 period.
Evening star., 1939-02-11
New York Produce

NEW YORK: Feb. i ,P'.-.EsGss; ,Issss; 15,lla;
Iak k-2Ola; standards; 10: ,flrsts. ,1sA;
seconds .versse msdiuns sbscki III al5tIss
Refrieerator. firsts 17A.
Whites resale of premium marks, 90
o. Nearby. premium marks. 24-25.
Nearby and Midwestern. exchange specials.
IS, Midwestern. exchange STANDARDS; II Y.
Nearby, fancy mediums 2l-24. Nearby
and Midwestern; exchange STANDARDS, 70,
Pacific Coast. Jumbo and premiums. 2sss-
81: specials 27-27s4 standards. 25-25A;
mediums, 23-23la
Browns extra fancy 21-22A: Nearby
and Western, xchange specials. 20s4
Nearby exchange mediums, IA
Duck eggs, fancy to extra fancy, 1895.
Butter s51.16li weak. Cream1eer'y 1e' high
2s.2sLt; flIsts, 'ss-sn' 24'a-2e: seconds
Cheese. 13s5ao. quiet. Prices un-
changed. ..
Live poultry. by freight, dull and easy
Fowls, colored. 1919. Leghorn. l7-1s.
By express. nominal, no sales,
Evening star., 1939-02-11
Foreign Exchanges
(Reported by Smith,

NEW YORK, Feb, ! lP,.--The Neither
dollar today FoioWins 1Hf y yesterdays % shsre
drop the Dutch money lost only .o2 Of a
cording to banking sources, reflected q
further drift of foreign-held capital out Of
Amsterdam.
Sterling. the French franc and Swiss
francs were UNCHANGED. The belga was
narrowly down.
Late rates follow: Great Britain in
dolsTs ass eoGsv Shsr hs In centS Gsa Britain
ttreal in New YORK 80 81 z. New York in in
Czecho: :siovakia. 3 42a4; Denmark. 20.a2;
Finland EOS; France. 2.64A: Germany.
Greece. .s6; Hungary. 1885: italy. 526h;
YugoslaSyia 2 .33: NetherlandSs- SO. 70: Nor
4:2sh: Rumania; Is: Spain % ounnauoteed
City 90. Ion; Japan. 2733; Hong Kong.
291s: Shanghai, 1910. Rates in spot
cables unless otherwise indicated.
Nominal.
Evening star., 1939-02-11
Boston Wool Prices Hold
Very Firm in Week
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
BOSTON. Feb, 1.-THE Com
mercial Bulletin today says:
Demand for wool continues fair
ly good. Stocks of wool are getting
we'll picked over and selections are
not always easy to secure Prices
are very firm and the trend is
against the buyer. Nearly all de-
scriptions are in demand but worsted
types are chiefly sought.
Foreign markets are firm to bit
stronger, Australia being up penny
clean this week, while New Zealand
was 12-cent stronger and European
markets are responding to the pri-
mary market strength.
The tone of the piece goods mar
kets is better and tropical worsteds
have been advanced again this week
to about 1212 cents a yard over
opening prices.
western operations have been
light of necessity with the holders
of what woods are left very firm in
their prices.
"Mohair is quiet but steady
Evening star., 1939-02-11
Pittmon to Address
Baltimore Realtors
Special Dispatch to The Star.

Special Dispatch to The Star.
BALTIMORE, Feb. l1.-Several
hundred persons are expected to
attend the annual dinner of the
Real Estate Board of Baltimore at
the Lord Baltimore Hotel tonight
The principal speaker will be Sen
ator Pittman. Gov. O'Conor and
Mayor Howard w. Jackson of Balti-
more also will speak Senator Tyd-
ings of Maryland will act as toast
master and Senator Radcliffe will
be among the guests.
Another speaker will be E. L.
Ostendorf, president of the National
Association of Real Estate Boards.
Almost all the Maryland Repre-
sentatives in the House are expected
to attend.
Evening star., 1939-02-11
Livestock Markets
Resist Efforts 10
Depress Prices
Light Steers Maintain
Levels Because of
Relative Scarcity

The tolloWing reDieU OF the
livestock market UdS prepared
for the Associated Press by the
United States Department OF
Agriculture:
CHICAGO, Feb. Undetermined
efforts to bring steer and yearling
prices into closer relationship with
wholesale returns succeeded only in
the case of weighty steers and the
advantage gained in this quarter
was little more than 25 cents.
Meanwhile yearlings and light steers
changed little, due principally to
relative scarcity. Pressure applied
to the hog market was equally futile
in so far as major price changes
were concerned and fat lamb mar
kets closed with a weak to lower
undertone in force
Prices Recover Quickly.
Early in the week fed steers and
yearlings sold off at Chicago. but
ccme back quickly later in the Pc
17od. Cows and heifers also re-
gained lost price ground and only
Weighty steers and vealers uncov-
cred definite losses. Top of $3.50
was paid for 1,300-pound bullocks.
with S13.25 next in line. Yearlings
topped at s1275, while the rank
and file of short-fed medium
weights turned at S925-S975. Up to
Sll.75 was paid for l,0l8-pound heii-
ers of kosher type and most of tho
lightweight quota sold at 81 50-s9.5C
Professors insisted emphaticallf
that live costs of all species wer2
measurably out of line with whole
sale markets and that adjustments
were imperative. However, numbers
favored the selling side and only
minor declines appeared in any
branch of the trade. But the under
/ tone remained basically weak, sug-
gesting that further pressure may
be applied when and If supplies are
materially increased. Movement Of
fresh meats into consumer channels
Jagged enough to discourage aggres-
slve action and more professor
complain more of small volume than
net returns.
Hog Values Maintained.
Apathetlc wholesale pork market
were reflected in the demand fc
hogs at Chicago. but buyers who in
sisted on lower live costs were face,
with moderate to meager SupplieS
and gained little advantage. To)
dropped to s790 on Tuesday, bu.
came back to peak of S8 10 at mid
week and held that position later
in the period.
After fluctuating within marrow
limits, prices at other major mar
kets reflected net changes of les
than 25 cents for the period. In
dianapolis had late top of $500:
st. Louis, So: Omaha s765. and Kar
sas City. $3.50 Late sales of goo. /
and choice -350-pound average
at Chicago ranged from s740-s8l0,
mostly s7.5O-s9.
After selling up to 1925. fat lambs
dropped to 500 at Chicago, lowest
since January 20. and closed at So i5
downward. Furthermore. the late
undertone at other important CEN
tiers was fundamentally weak. con-
flrming the relative high price posi-
ton maintained in the face of
gradually slipping wholesale lamb
markets.
Evening star., 1939-02-11
Utility Spending Aids
Canadian Prosperity
Special Dispatch to The Star.

HpeClal DlSpdlCn 10 Inc StdE.
MONTREAL, Feb. 11-At the
4lst annual general meeting Of
the Shawinigan Water and Power
Co., J. E. Aldred, chairman of the
board in his remarks to the share
holders said the SITS 100000 tha'
has been used in the operation and
development of the company has
contributed materially to the pros
perity of Canada as a whole and
the Province of Quebec il, particu-
lar.
This element of constructive
work is something that all of the
shareholders and the management
of the company and its directors
can take a good deal of satisfac-
tions FROM" he Slid.
Evening star., 1939-02-11
New CopperweId Steel
Stock to Be Traded
slscial Dispatch to The Star.

Slecial Dispatch to The Star.
PHILADELPHIA, Feb. 11.-Cop-
perweld Steel Co., Glassport, Pa
announces that trading in its new
split-up common stock of S. par
value will begin February IS.
Listing of the new stock, totaling
431,714 outstanding shares, has
been approved by the New York
Curb Exchange in substitution of
215,S57 listed shares of $40 par
stock.