davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1939-04-28

with statistics showing the proportion
Of serious music being played over the
various networks. At the same time he
explained the proportions Of other kinds
OF radio programs. commercial, educa-
tional. children's programs, etc. His con-
tent1on was that the amount of classical
music played was in fair ratio to the
tastes and demands Of the radio audi
ence. According to his figures, in the
course OF day of radio broadcasting,
an average Of about two to three hours
is devoted to serious music. This time
is spread out in periods ranging from IS
minutes to an hour. but chiefly in half
hour periods. There is usually about Is
minutes OF classical music at about or
$3.50 in the morning. often earlier: a half
hour at around 2 or In the afternoon,
and half-hour or an hour in the eve
ming at about o'clock At the same
time this writer noticed that many of
these hours occur at the same time Of day
on different networks, which cuts down
the listening time by about an hour.
These figures seem appalling to one who
demands something besides noise and
babble from radio set. While confined
at home recently, by illness, tried to
amuse myself by listening to the radio,
but 1t must be confessed that the trash
that streamed out practically all day long
was too much to bear The radio was
turned of.
II might interest radio officials If they
knew the number of people who do not
use their receiving sets to any extent
simply Tor the reason that the programs
onend their sensibilities in many ways
These people are the ones who are never
vocal In their criticisms but who wait for
something worth while before tuning In
their radio SETS
April Is. ELEANOR H. FINCH.
Evening star., 1939-04-28
THIS AND THAT
By Charles E. TyacetueN.

kinds Of ahrubs or trees that attract
birds?
Sincerely. q. g."
The best single way to attract birds
is to let sl1rubbery ana vines become
overgrown.
The closer . place resembles the wild,
the better the birds like It.
They feel more at home and safer In
such . yard.
We include the various climbing roses,
especially on fences. These make q
natural state Of Affairs very much liked
by most birds. and especially the cardi-
mails and catbirds, two Of the best We
have.
Closeness to . house does not much
matter. Once birds feel at home in q
yard. proximity to house Is not Of
much moment to them.
Trees, oversrown shrubs and vines4
these attract all birds.
Hence the way to have plenty Of
birds is easy enough, in . sense:
l. Have trees.
2. Let the shrubs 60 unprlned.
3. Plant and keep plenty Of vines.
II, In addition to these. q deliberate
attempt Is made to cultivate an un-
cultivated plot, 50 much the better.
Cultivating the uncultivated area Is
more than trick with words. It means
just that. 1t means that some portion
OF the ground will be supplied with
a few fruit trees, OF the smaller types
and various bramble bushes. such as
blackberry and the like.
Such spot must be made deliberately
IN the average modern yard. where
tidiness sometimes becomes a vice.
A bird bath, either raised or simply
q shallow pan set in the ground, helps
attract birds.
A small feeder stocked with sunflower
seed, favorite OF most songsters, will
help lure 'em at all times Of the year.
In addition to these measures there
is an advice OF perfection which may
be given! Let the birds have the
garden as much as possible to them
selves.
Many of them do not mind human
company. but there can be little ques-
ton that the closer yard approaches
a modified wilderness the better the
songsters like it, especially in spring
and summer.
This means that handball, badmiu-
ton and the like are out.
Those who like gardening better than
birds will find it rather a high price
to pay for what they may consider a
theoretical addition Of bird life 1t is
difficult to prove the increase. after all.
There is a medium point between
giving up ones garden to the birds and
sharing it with them, Try for that
This column shortly will present a list
OF trees, shrubs and vines best liked by
songbirds.
Evening star., 1939-04-28
EAST FALLS CHURCH, Va.

Dear Sir:
This morning saw for the trst
time pair Of cowbirds.
The male was counting. and SUCH
antics that he went through! He would
nun out his feathers, spreading his
wings and tail at the same time and
let out prolonged squeak.
1T was very amusing The female
seemed rather Indifferent to all his
ardor. They seem to be very tame
birds. q they both new to the shrubs
by the window where We were looking
out. and just looked at us curiously.
"The other day the bobwhites were
courting. too. and enjoyed seeing them
Is they chased each other around in
circles. One time two Of them faced
each other with stretched necks, bills
almost touching. and Jumped into the
air. Whether they were making love
or lighting couldn't tell.
4
speaking Of bluebirds, We have one
pair who have inspected all but one of
the new birdhouses that I have put
up this spring. am wondering which
one will finally be their choice for their
first brood.
They are such beautiful, quiet and
devoted birds and have a bit Of vanity;
at least they preen their feathers very
often. We are lucky in having blue
birds every year. for they seem to be
rather scarce.
And our Ihockingbirds! How they
love raisins! We have two of them
now. which I lured from some one
else's yard, no doubt, for we haven't
had Knockers for several years.
Il started putting out raisins-due
to your information in your column
and one mocker came.
Il kept it up and in about two weeks
another mocker joined him or her. OF
course. they chased other birds who
came on their territory. but thought of
the future mocker music we would
have.
Now they have gotten 50 used to my
feeding them at that feeder that when
I drive into the yard after work, there
they are. waiting.
1ney eltner ny toward me and alght
close by. or futter around the empty
feeder. and wait expectantly for their
raisinS.
MY back is hardly turned when,
plop! the mocker is eating.
Now doesn't that prove that birds
are intelligent?
Il surely love my Knockers; their
lovely wings while in flight remind me
OF butterfly wings
Now the only thing that I want is
to have more devices to lure all the
kinds OF birds possible to our yard This
summer, and would like very much to
know Of your ways and means in at
tracing birds. Do you know of special
Evening star., 1939-04-28
Protests Destruction
OF Shade Trees,
To the Editor Of The Star

TO the Editor Of The Star:
Countless pubhc-spirited citizens in the
Eleventh. Thirteenth and Eighteenth
street sectors near Florida avenue NV.
deplore the ruthless chopping down Of
stately trees which have brought the
first emerald-spangled Joy Of spring to
the depressed lives of less fortunate citt-
zens who must live In these neighbor-
hoods.
As these trees grew year by year, many
persons would consciously or uncon-
sciously measure their own progress by
their wholesome growth. Growing chill
dren without Fairgrounds in these neigh
borhoods would play beneath these trees
and be happy amid a world that too
often forgets both growing children and
trees.
I readily see the need for certain pro-
gressive steps which must be taken to
facilitate the rush of trafdc bearing more
fortunate citizens to and from their spa
cious homes in outlying communities.
But fail to see one step in our much
taIked-about total civic advancement"
by the denial to other citizens Of those
little things which can be such pre-
cious bit of happiness and inspiration
though those things may be only row
upon row Of trees that have lived and
grown with these citizens through the
years! DUTTON FERGUSON.
April "a.
Evening star., 1939-04-28
Woqe-Hour PROGRESS

Encouraging indeed was the report
by Elmer F. Andrews, wages and
hours administrator, on the first six
months of accomplishments under
the Federal Fair Labor Standards
Act. Speaking over The Stars Ma
tional Radio Forum, Mr.. Andrews
pointed out that the much-discussed
act has proved to be "a strong flood
light thrown upon the dark places of
American industry" Unconscionabl
evils have been exposed and corrected
in a number of instances-sweat-
shops have been forced to close down
or reform, interruptions employers
seeking to evade the law by decep-
ton have been punished, the worker
in the lowly trades has found he Is
truly worthy of his hire.
Even more gratifying is the news
that the clark places" to which Mr..
Andrews referred are rare In Amer
lean industry. Although approx
mately eleven million employees are
covered by provisions Of the law at
present, there have been less than
twelve thousand complaints, and,
Mr.. Andrews stressed, only about
one-third of these appear to be valid.
OF the latter considerable portion
has been due to misunderstanding of
the law either by workers or employ
ers. Certainly the comparatively
small number of complaints cannot
be attributed to any lack of informa-
tion by workers as to their rights un-
der the act. As the administrator re-
marked in his radio address, the
Wage and Hour Division has "en-
couraged them to kick" The law
has been explained at great length
in the press. over the radio. on the
lecture platform. in pamphlets and
by personal interviews In the field.
Hence Mr.. Andrews conclusion that
IF any considerable number of work.
ers were not getting at least the
twenty-five cent minimum and time
and-a-half for overtime, they would
be registering kick"
During the first six months Of
operation the law has brought in
creased earnings to some SOC, 900 en-
ployes who had been receiving less
than twenty-five cents IN hour.
Evening star., 1939-04-28
Letters to the Editor
Enforcement of Present
Liquor Laws Urged.

AsAOVANCuACHs VI
Liquor Laws Urged.
TO the Editor Of The Star:
It was with a great deal of interest
that read the article favoring Govern
ment-controlled liquor stores In the Dis
trict, written by one who signs himself
Daily Reader" However, 1t seems to
me that the writer has found the hole,
but not the rat" He admits certain
evils exist in certain stores and then
he calls the wrath of the United States
Government down upon a whole legiti-
mate business.
Can the fact that whisky is sold over
the same counter as candy or other
food be blamed on the dealer or on q
faulty A. B. c. Board? Shall 300 honest
businessmen Of this city be deprived
Of their income simply because a few of
their number get away with breaking
the law?
Daily Reader" loudly proclaims that
these ''rascally" dealers have had their
chance and now all Of them must suffer.
Shall all suffer for the mistakes Of a
few? I think 1t would be much more
simple to enforce the laws that are nov
so evidently being overlooked by too
lax liquor board. If a dealer sells to a
minor why not revoke his license? Make
all dealers selling other things along with
their liquor give up either one or the
other. Let's have privately owned liquor
stores sensibly governed by board with
backbone enough to enforce their laws.
April %.
INTERESTED OBSERVER.
Evening star., 1939-04-28
Says Constitution Should
Be Let Alone.

~ ssAv ANAIV1 UA INC 6tof.
I read. with much Joy and satisfaction,
q letter in the editorial columns Of your
paper on the 18th instant, criticizng the
18th amendment to our Constitution.
The letter was signed by Corley Perry
McDament. agree with and congratu-
late the writer. also desire to add that
not only was the 18th amendment more
harmful than beneficial. but with the
exception Of the Bill Of Rights, there are
only two amendments to the Constitu-
ton that were really necessary. Those
two are the 18th and the 18th.
After the addition Of the Bill Of Rights,
the Constitution sill contained two
major defects: First. the Federal courts
were given unlimited jurisdiction In law
and equity over cases involving 4 sover-
eign State. That was Q mistake. The
18th amendment corrected that mistake.
Secondly, the evil Of slavery was per-
mitted to creep into the fundamental
law. That was . mistake. The 18th
amendment corrected that mistake.
Our Constitution is the charter of the
best system Of government in the world.
It is the product of transcendent wisdom
and mature judgment; the handiwork of
initiative genius and constructive states
manship. To improve upon it Is beyond
the range Of human possibility, and to
those chronic reformers who stand ready
to amend that eternal instrument every
time the moon changes would suggest
that their petty amendments are not
good. Let tho Constitution alone.
April 26. w. I. CHEESBORO.
Evening star., 1939-04-28
Listener Appeals for
Better Radio Programs.
To the Editor Of The Star:

The efforts being made at the present
time by the radio companies to justify
their policies in regard to their pro-
grams seem to this writer to be 30 OBJ
vious as to be slightly amusing. Recently
there have appeared, rather Unexpected
" to this hearer, what are called In ad-
vertising parlance plugs" lauding the
American radio system with its freedom
from censorship and its exponency Of the
sAmerican way" Last Sunday afternoon
Mr.. Deems Taylor regaled his audience
Evening star., 1939-04-28

Perhaps the utmost in under
statement Is the remark Of the
broadcaster when the first batter up
made home run of the first pitched
ball. Heck. there goes Smiths no.
hit camel"
Evening star., 1939-04-28

All the troubles in Germany, to-
gether with those caused by her,
could be cured with one simple
stroke. Give her the exact eQuiva-
lent. with identical status, freedom
and powers, of the American Society
Of Newspaper Editors.
Evening star., 1939-04-28
Shooting Stors
By PHuANpIR JOHNSON.
Yesterday.

Yesterday.
Long time ago-dat's yesterday
De sun has Travelled, 50 dey say,
Clean 'roun' dis earth; de stars has
shone,
An den gone out; de hours has flown
Through sleep an wakin' since de time
When dat OIL clock set out to chime
Upon de bell 80 sof' an slow.
DIS very hour-a day ago.
We's had new work, since den, to do:
We's had new trouble to get through:
Yves had new pleasures fob to make
Us overlook de old-time ache.
A time keep ravelin' roun' de track;
Oar ain no sense In t,rnin' back,
Upon de past, vii looks Of woe,
Cause yesterday-dat's long ago.
Evening star., 1939-04-28
Criticizes Remarks Of
Senator Taft

Senator Taft.
TO the Editor Of The star:
was very glad to see your editorial
on the 22d IN which you took Senator
Taft to task for his remarks relative
to Mr.. Roosevelt using the European
situation as a camoufiage to divert at
tention from conditions In United States.
When read the Senator's remarks
said to a friend, If he has evidence
to substantiate his remarks. he should
institute impeachment proceedings"
I did not believe. however, that there
was any foundation Of fact and 1t was
merely petty politics on part of the
Senator.
think any United States Senator
should be too dignihed to resort to such
tactics. W. N. JORDAN.
April -.
Evening star., 1939-04-28
Cathedral Garden

It was Francis Bacon who wrote:
God Almighty first planted a gar
den. And indeed 1t Is the purest Of
human pleasures. It is the greatest
Evening star., 1939-04-28
Member Of the A.socisted Press

Entered ~ second class matter post once.
Washington. C..
Evening star., 1939-04-28

Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address of
the iorite1, although the use OF
a pserdonyn1 for publication is
permissible. Please be brief!
Evening star., 1939-04-28

Delivered BY Carrier-City and Suburban
Regular Edition
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The Sunday Star ---6c Der CODY
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Might Final and Sunday Star ----- 75c per month
Night Final Star 6Oc Der month
each week Orders may bs sent BY mail or tele.
phone National 5000
Evening star., 1939-04-28

The Associated Press is Exclusively entitled to
the use for republication Of all news dispatches
paper and also the local news published herein.
Az rights OF publication Of special dispatches
herein also are reserved
Evening star., 1939-04-28
UP to Dad.

you never made q sound when your
father whipped you," said one small boy
NO." answered the other. Father
says it hurts him worse than 1t does
me, and If that's 20. he can do his
own hollering."
Evening star., 1939-04-28
Gnateful.

Grateful.
suppose you are proud of the ascer.
you made IN your new airplane?"
oh, no" answered the inventor. Fl
don't attach SO much Importance to the
ascent. But am rather proud of the
way IN which I got back to earth"
sometimes" said Uncle Eben. when
l says git thee behind me SATAN I
magins hyuhs or Satan answer me
oack. He say das all right. We's both
Swine dc same way anyhow an it don
make no didunee to mo which leads
Do puheess,ou."
Evening star., 1939-04-28
RAtafinn.

Each change that we have ever had
Since on its way this world first sped
From bad to good, from good to bad,
AZ reform was heralded.
Evening star., 1939-04-28

1T takes . wise man to know when
to change his mind" said Hi Ho, the
sage Of Chinatown, and q brave one to
own up to it when 1t is accomplished"
Evening star., 1939-04-28

The Evening Star Newspaper Company
New YORK Once ITO East 42nd st.
Chicago once: 435 North Nichigan Ave
Evening star., 1939-04-28
Tfue t. Form.

rs that politician popular2" asked the
visitor.
NO." replied Senator Sorghum, hes
like basebau umpire. Hes intelligent
and means well, but he's sure to be un-
popular with both sides before he gets
through talking"
Evening star., 1939-04-28

Rate by Mail-Psyable In Advance
Evening star., 1939-04-28
Huskin's Answers
To Readers Questions
Bv Frederic J. Hdskt1.

By Frederic J.. Hdsktn.
A reader can get the answe~ to any
question OF fact by tcrtttng ne Epe-
ming Star Information Bureau. Fred
eric J. Haskin, Director. Washington,
D. c. Please tnclose stamp for reply.
O. What is the Flying Hamburger?"-
r. D.
A. The Flying Hamburger" is
streamlined, high-speed Diesel train
operated by the German State Railways
between Hamburg and Berlin 1t travels
at the rate Of 17S1 miles In 40 minutes,
or 1853 miles per hour.
Q. How long has dry mustard been used
as condiment?-L. NJ. G.
A. Mustard has been used as a table
condiment from remote times, but the
idea Of grinding the seeds Of the plant
to a powder is attributed to a Mrs.
Clements Of Durham, England. who de-
vised the process In 172o. Under the
name Of Durham mustard. the product
sprang into instant popularity.
Q. Who was the first billiard cham.
pion in the United States?-W. S.
A. The first national match was played
at Detroit on April II, 1859, when John
seereiter OF that city and Michael rhelan
OF New York City we're matched for a
stake of $4,000 and the championship Of
America. Phelan won and returned to
New York, where he reigned as champion
until 1862
Evening star., 1939-04-28

All Other States and Canada
Evening star., 1939-04-28

Q. Is there booklet published with
reference to care of the feet?-L. H. M.
A. See Page AZ Of today's Star.
Evening star., 1939-04-28

@. What is ratafia?-H. M.
A. 1t is liquer or cordial favored with
peach or cherry kernels. bitter almonds
or other fruits; many varieties are made.
The same name is given to favoring
essence resembling bitter almonds and
also to light biscuit.
Montana labor news., 1939-11-30

the disgraceful spectacle of a Commission,
set up to advance the welfare of the Ameri-
can merchant marine, not only exhibiting
callous Indifference to the plight of the sea-
men but actually conspiring with shipowners
to restrict their compensation and to break
their unions.
The pamphlet entitled "The Maritime
Commission Versus The Seamen,' Just issued
by the CLIO Maritime Committee, is one of
the most devastating indictments of misuse
of government authority ever published.
It charges that the Maritime Commission
has denied to seamen employed on its ships
collective bargaining right guaranteed them
under the National Labor Relations Act; that
it has sought to undermine the union hiring
halls by r~eviving what the seamen call the
fink half; that it has tried to bring about
compulsory arbitration; that it has inaug-
urated a legislative and publicity campaign
against the seamen and their unions; that it
has encouraged shipowners in their attacks
on union conditions; and that it stepped into
the controversy on wark risk insurance and
took the lead in setting up wholly made
quate compensation.
In general, the seamen charge that the
Maritime Commission is a willing ally" Of
%anti-union shipowners in their drive against
collective bargaining and the union hiring
hall.
They declare that one of the things they
have a right not to expect is that "the sup
posedly neutral Maritime Commission. estab-
lished primarily to build up the merchant
marine, should seize upon the war situation
to hamper further the organizational efforts
Of the seamen."
The Commission appears to be fostering a
peculiar brand Of "paytriotism, under which
it expects the seamen to pay and pay, while
it fosters profteering and union-busting on
the part of the s%hipowners.
Montana labor news., 1939-11-30
A Raw Deal

Maritime workers are one of the first
groups to be seriously affected by a war stu
alton in any country.
Their lives are endangered, even though
their countries be neutral, when warfare
spreads to the seas.
Their jobs are also in jeopardy when sea
transportation is restricted on account of
war or neutrality considerations.
AS a result of the present neutrality legis-
lation, for instance, some 5000 to 10000
American seamen will lose their employ
ment, according to Chairman Joseph Curran
of the CLIO Maritime Committee.
For these and many other reasons, it might
be expected that all government agencies
would be especially concerned to see that
the seamen are properly compensated for the
risks and economic insecurity caused by the
war and by matters of national policy be-
yond their control.
But instead of this we are now witnessing
Montana labor news., 1939-11-30
OPEN FORUM
Our New Neutrality Law

Now with the final enactment OF
the new neutrality law, there is
vital need for an Enthusiastically
clear conception, both at home and
abroad, of its meanings and pur-
poses, its limitations as well as its
scope.
Most Americans believe the law
a very good one and had Congress
followed the advice of the President
last summer and passed the bill at
that time, we would not have in
CURED the enmity of the German
people, to the same extent-as we
will now, with its belated passage.
Considering all angles of the
present situation, it is hard to be-
lieve that this is the same Congress,
a majority of whom, ov%er-anxious to
discredit the administration, and
somehow or other stop another
Roosevelt boom, scuttled the lend
ing bill; destroyed the housing pro-
gram and made of the WPA bill the
most vicious attack on organized
labor that has ever been made by
Congress.
Who knows what would have
been the outcome had this new neu-
trality bill been enacted into law
last summer? 1t is quite possible
that its enactment at that time may
have averted the war. But Hitler,
believing that the American people
did not wish to lift the embargo,
decided it a good time to strike.
Despite the fact that the German
people are subjugated at the pres
ent time by their INSCRIPTIONS
leaders, they are still a great peo-
pie, as evidenced by their contribu-
tons to the arts and sciences and
when the true German people as
sert themselves, as they will some
day, their friendship for the United
States will be an asset and not a
liability. The Germans are saying
this law spells Americas early in
tervention or involvement in this
European var
They are bitterly resentful at the