davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wyandotte herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1879-1943, 1939-06-09
Will Explore Submerged
City in Caribbean Sea

DETROIT.-Plans for a To-day
expedition to photograph the sunk
en- city" of st. James, off the Island
of St. Christopher, are virtually
complete.
Robert Hall, 38-year-old Detroiter
and wealthy soldier-of-fortune, will
head 25-man expedition to the.
coast of the Caribbean island. In
cluded in the party are professional
men and four university students.
Purpose of the Caribbean expedi-
ton, according to Hall, is to photo
graph the ruins Of the city of St.
James, which was destroyed by vol
canic eruption in 1880 and has since
defied photographers. The city lies
under water.
Halls expedition will carry div
ing equipment and underwater CAM
eras. Since all attempts to photo
graph it from the surface have
failed, Hall hopes to. atack it from
the ocean floor. Two professional
divers are members of the expedi-
ton.
The Wyandotte herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1879-1943, 1939-06-09
Song Birds, Game Birds Fear
Enemy of Air, Old Jim Crow

Song birds, game birds and wa
terfowl fear black enemy of the
air-Jim Crow, the thief. No sports
man ever has spoken good word
for this bird. The farmer has no
use for him. In fact, he doesn't
seem to have a friend in the world.
But why all this. murderous at
tack on old Jim Crow? Some per-
sons believe he shouldn't be killed,
for, after all, he is just one of Ma
lures "bad boys" trying to get
along. He has at least one useful
habit, destroying cutworms, white
grubs and grasshoppers. But even
the persons who plead his case have
no respect for him. He has been
caught in the act of robbing the
nests of birds and waterfowl in the
nesting season, standing by and
watching for his chance to destroy
when mother bird or duck leave for
drink or food. Jim Crow and his
flock have been accused of follow
ing the great flights of ducks on the
return to the breeding grounds of
Canada, taking an inventory" of
all nests made, and later putting on
an act Of destruction.
Jim Crows fate is in the hands of
Jury" of thousands of men. Each
holds shotgun.
The Wyandotte herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1879-1943, 1939-06-09
Optical Illusions Often
/ Cause of Superstitions

Many dangerous ancient slpersti-
tons in regard TO miracles: witch
craft, spells" and the like were
based on now easily explained phe-
nomena of vision. After vision,
which is the common name for the
lingering of visual images, is'usual-
1y the result of tired, overlooked
color nerves of the eye This eye
flag alters the true appearance of
real objects and also causes persons
to see imaginary figures and hues.
Everyone has at some time or
other experienced latter vision"
Look steadily at spot of black ink
on a white paper for about 80 Sec
onds and then quickly look up at
white or light-colored wall; the area
will seem to be dark gray with a
white patch on it. This is .because
the nerve centers previously rested
by the black have become excited
by the change in color. In the same
way, after staring at red, bright
patch, the eye focused on a white
object will see blue-green color.
Strained eyes can well be called
''Public Enemy Number Che of
the nervous system. In the same
way that society provides for the
correction of juvenile delirquents,
modern individuals should and are
learning to correct visual defects
and protect their eyes fron1 strain
by rest. continual care and the SEN
sible use of proper glasses.
The Wyandotte herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1879-1943, 1939-06-09
Only 81 Of 207 Pupils
Identify Stalk Of Wheat

CHICAGO.--The word wheat il
commonplace. Everyone - knows
what wheat is used for. Bread il
made from wheat.
But when 207 sixth, seventh! and
eighth grade pupils at the Mozart
elementary school were shown q
stalk of wheat, only 81 named il cor,
rectly. Charles p. Saunders, princi.
pal Of the school, said the test was
made at the suggestion Of Miss Mel
lie F. Ryan. q district school SUPER
intendent.
Out Of the 207 pupils, 100 admit
ted they didn't know: "a said oats,
8 thought the stalk was rye, S bar
ley, corn, and l bearded wheat.
One youngster looked at the stalk
and told Mr.. Saunders he thought il
was . corn cob.
The Wyandotte herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1879-1943, 1939-06-09
Soap Was a By-Product Of
Ancient Roman Sacrifices

Soap is as old as ancient Rome,
although it did not come into COM
mon use for many centuries there
after. Everybody knows that soap
is a cleansing agent, but to this
day there is dispute as to just how
soap cleans, says the Philadelphia
Record. The process was once be-
lieved to be chemical, but the scien-
tific theory is that soap removes the
greasy particles of dirt by emulsi-
flying the oil that holds them in
place. That is, the soap causes the
oils to separate into minute globules
which mix with the water and are
carried off by it.
In ancient Rome, when burnt Of
ferings were made on Sappo hill,
the animal fats mingled with the
sacrifcial ashes, and were washed
down the hill into the river. The
women of Rome found the river
near the foot of Sappo hill best for
washing clothes. For a long time
this was mystery, but finally
someone put two and two together,
and found that it was soap-named
for Sappo-and composed basically
of two ingredients, fat and an alkali.
Fats are either animal or vege-
table. Fat is chemical compound
of glycerin with one or more fatty
acids. The alkalies used in soap
making are either caustic potash,
which yields soft soap, or caustic
soda, which gives the ordinary hard
soap.
The Wyandotte herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1879-1943, 1939-06-09
German Mechanic Credited
With Making First Watch

Peter Henlein, a mechanic and
locksmith Of Nuremberg, Germany,
is generally credited with being the
first man to make watches. About
1900, shortly after Columbus dis
covered America, he set himself to
produce a small pocket clock. For
motive power he introduced the
main spring, and with this as a
basis produced little clocks
watches" as they came to be
known-which would fit in the peck
ct or the purse.
We call an old-fashioned watch a
"turnip' because it is so thick; but
that is nothing compared to Peter
Henlein's products. They were al
most round, and when they were
sold throughout Europe they be-
came known as Nuremberg eggs"
Soon expert mechanicians in other
countries were making them
Strengthening devices, round or
drum-shaped. with no crystal on the
face and no minute-hand, and a
Ginning apparatus to strike the
hours. They became the fashion
for the wealthy. They were not very
accurate: people still relied on sun
dials for. really; correct time; but
they were valued las jewelry-and a
watch has remained a'jewel to this
day.
Kings and queens owned them!
Queen Elizabeth, and her court Sc
lected watches as modern women
do their hats-to, match their vari-
GUS costumes.
The Wyandotte herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1879-1943, 1939-06-09
Penguin Eggs

Penguin eggs are a great deli
cacy in Cape Town and other South
African cities. Robin island in Ia
Bile bay, barren bit of land once
leper colony, serves as penguin
preserve and enough eggs are col
lected there yearly to meet the de-
mand The eggs are the size of bill
lizard balls and are exceptionally
tasty as well as having high nutri-
tive value. They must be boiled
from 20 minutes to a half hour,
which causes the blush felly en-
casing the yolk to become firm.
They are much sought after by
South African gourmetS.
The Wyandotte herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1879-1943, 1939-06-09
The Wandering Jew

References to the phrase. EVAN
dering Jew" have bee N traced back
to an English manuscript dated
1928, when the wandering Jew"
was reported to be alive. II was
published as legend in the begin
ming of the Seventeenth century as
told by Ahasuerus. This story of
the Jewish shoemaker who tainted
Jesus and was doomed. as a result,
to wander eternally, became very
popular, and scores Of versions of
it were published. In this manner
the phrase wandering Jew" be-
came commonplace. It also re-
ceived considerable impetus from
Eugene Sues novel, THE Wander
ing Jew" in which the legend is an
exciting and romantic. prelude to
the story.
The Wyandotte herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1879-1943, 1939-06-09
Gambler at Cards l. Most
Sunerstitious Of Perso,

There is no more superstitious
person than the gambler at cards.
Where skill is often at a discount
and chance at q premium, the gam
bier seeks every means to attract
to himself the fairies of fortune and
to ward off the imps of ill-luck.
Should he drop card to the floor
all the cards will run against him;
cross-eyed player at the table will
be the sole winner; he that lends
money to a fellow player will win,
but he that borrows will lose. To
sing while playing cards is to sing
away ones luck; to walk round ones
seat and then sit on a handkerchief
is to invite good fortune. o.
The gruesome superstition, widely
held at Monte Carlo, that all who
sit down to play Immediately after
some unfortunate loser has commit
ted suicide will win, stretches bsek
to heather days. when every dis
aster was supposed to be followed
by compromising piece Of good
fortune. r''
The Nine of Diamonds is called
the Curse of Scotland, and no gam
bier from north Of the Tweed likes
to find this ill-omened card in his
hand. One explanation is that it got
its name from the fact that the or
der for the massacre Of Glencoe
was signed by the earl of Stair.
whose family shield bore nine
lozenges resembling diamonds.
The Wyandotte herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1879-1943, 1939-06-09
Old MOuntie Tells
Of Early Campaign
Last of Original Troop Is
Living in London.

LONDON.-A man who was one
Of the original impurities" who es-
tablished law and order in the wild
northwest territories of the Nine
teenth century Canada has been
found living in London.
He is James H. FuIlwood, 88
years old, who believes that as ex-
trooper 160 he is the only surviving
member of the three troops of the
newly formed Northwest Mounted
Police, which on June Is, 1874,
crossed the United States border
into Alberta.
They went to externinate the
Montana ''bad men? who were ply
ing the Indians with whisky, rob
bling and numbering them and prey
ing on the few white settlers scat
tered through the territory.
So widespread had their activities
become that they were endangering
the peace Of the dominion. !
The ''mounties" had orders to
suppress them at any cost.
eve finally moved them of from
Fargo, N. D.. in a column two miles
long-horses and men, cattle, farm
implements and Red River carts
which you could hear squeaking q
mile Off" Fullwood said
eve were making for Edmonton,
Alta, at the foot Of the Rockies.
which we had to patrol. It was q
hard trip of well over a thousand
miles. It took us under five months.
ut was especially hard on the
horses and cattle. Forage was
scarce and grazing generally nom
existent. Yet day after day our
horses covered so miles. Long be-
fore we made camp at night the
men were leading them.
about halfway along our trail
we had to establish a crippled
camp for men and horses. Shortly
after that the main body, which
carried on, had plenty of meat for
the first time. We were in buffalo
country.
"Our Colonel Macleod established
his post in the Porcupine Hills. It
was the first post ever built by the
new police, and ! helped with the
construction. Today it is the town
of Macleod.
''We had little trouble with the
Indians. They soon realized that
we were there to protect them and
they became our allies in our fights
with the criminals"
The Wyandotte herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1879-1943, 1939-06-09

Noah, Of Hebrew origin, means
rest" but the original Noah didn't
have much of it. He needs no intro
duction.
Noah Webster (1758-l84S) has good
claim to be called the most eminent
Noah Of modern history. Born in
Hartford, Conn.,, he was a teacher,
lawyer, publisher and author (of
various grammatical works) before
devoting 10 years to the study Of
the English language preparatory
to the issuance in 1923 of his Amer
lean Dictionary of the English Lam
guage," since amplified and revised
innumerable times. Webster was
also one of the founders of Amherst
college.
The Wyandotte herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1879-1943, 1939-06-09
Cry Of Fire No Novelty
In Victoria, Australia

Gin Victoria, a state in southeast
Australia, region of fine timber,
mineral wealth, farm and pasture
land, the dread cry of 'Firei' is no
novelty" says the National Geo
graphic society. "The first chapter
in the history of this region as an
independent colony, around the mid
die Of the Nineteenth century, tells
of flaming disaster.
"In 1851 great bush-fire broke
oct In the unsettled tracts of grass
ard forest lands beyond Melbourne,
on the southern coast. Following a
long dry period, it laid waste to
much of the state, destroying mill
lions of dollars worth of timber and
grazing land Black Thursday the
Victorians call that day. when citi-
zens of Melbourne, choking in the
smoke and heat, fought to keep the
city, from falling victim to showers
Of embers that fell in the streets,
Another historic fre in, Victoria
was the one which burned an en-
closure about a large rabbit war
ZEN. Less extensive than the dis
aster Of Black Thursday the small
blGfe nevertheless had cofiset
quences felt to this day. Liberated
rabbits have cost Australia untold
money IN property destroyed and
in ekterTnination projects. Al
"Victcria-the smallest state on
the island continents the most
closely settled part of Australia.
This however. is not much Of q
record, isince the density is only
about 20 people to a square mile.
France, by way of comparison, has
nearly zoo. In Victoria, too. as in
the rest of Australia. the population
is largely concentrated in cities"
The Wyandotte herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1879-1943, 1939-06-09

The most extensive man hunt in
history was for the three De Autre-
mont brothers who held up a mail
train in. Oregon on October IL, 1928,
says Golfers. Not only were circu-
lars IN IA hundred languages sent
throughout the world, but special
descriptions of their teeth went to
dentists, Of their watches to jewel
erS Of their eyeglasses to oculists
and Of their literary tastes to Ii
bfarians. They were captured In
1917 after a search that cost $780,
600.
The Wyandotte herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1879-1943, 1939-06-09
People Of Israel Deemed
Leprosy Moral Affection

Leprosy, curiously enough, to the
lsraelites, was more a moral than
a physical affection. Segregation
was purely ceremonial. If the leper
was fortunate enough to have his
symptoms disappear a @'si1 offer
ing" was prescribed by tie Book
for atonement. For a poor man,
the holocaust usually consisted of
two pigeons - one pigeon being
Killed over running water Then.
according to the law the sick man
was sprinkled with the blood of the
victim before he was allowed 40
mittance into communion with the
Children of the Promise.
Historically, leprosy wass known
to the Egyptians as early as 1000
B. c. In fact, many authorities
agree that it made its firss dread
appearance in the land of the Pha-
raohs. Phny, the younger, writing
of the spread of the disease in an
Gent Rome emphatically STAKES that
leprosy was unknown to the empire
until the era Of Pompey the. Great,
when it was imported from Egypt.
Herodotus had another version link
ing leprosy with Persia where, he
writes, popular belief waii given
wide credence linking the afflicted
with those who had "sinned"
against the sun.
Few countries have been free
from the ravages of this ghoulish
disease. America is not an excep-
ton. According to well-known au-
thorities leprosy predated the arriv-
al Of Columbus, its existence being
proved by pieces of ancient pottery
representing deformitieS suggestive
of the disease.
The Wyandotte herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1879-1943, 1939-06-09
Ths Law click

The Law of LEX is . strange code
that governs the blood feuds of the
mountaineers Of Albania, asserts
Golfers. Respecting it, one never
shoots his enemy when the man has
arranged for period of truce so
he can go to town, hold a party or
gather his harvest. These feuds,
therefore, may be turned on or off,
at will so they will not interfere
with ones business or pleasure.
The Wyandotte herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1879-1943, 1939-06-09
The 1874 nin.

One of the time honorGd ques-
tions which puzzle nurnisnlatists is
what happened to the 1874 dimea
According to mint records 72,5O
dimes were struck in 1874 and only
81. 800 in 1886, yet the former date
is much harder to find, and conse-
quently, twice as vaiuable.. Many
answers have been suggested TO this
question. and one guess il as good
as another. Coin dies were once
used until worn out. so it Is. possible
that most Of the 1874 issue bore ear
lier dates. Detroit Coin club.
The Wyandotte herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1879-1943, 1939-06-09

In classical mythology the Cor.
CONS were three sisters, Stheno,
Euryale, and Medusa. the In
named alone being mortal. Each
hair was a serpent, their bodies were
scaly, their hands Of brass, their
teeth like tusks, and their glaAce
would turn b mortal TO stone.s Per.
seus was sent 10 kill Medusa end
bring back her head. This he &C
complished by watching her reneel
ton IN q mirror, thus avoiding The
deadly glance. He gave the heed %
Minerva, who wore II 90 her. shield.
turning to stone those She wished -
destroy.
The Wyandotte herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1879-1943, 1939-06-09
HOmogenized Milk

Federal food and drugs admins
traitors have defined homogenized
milk as milk that has been me-
chanically treated in such a man.
ner as to alter its physical proper
ties with particular reference to the
condition and appearance of the fat
globuleS."
The Wyandotte herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1879-1943, 1939-06-09
Alaska

The Russians held Alaska by right
OF Behring's discovery in l74l-his
explorations having been urder the
Russian fiag-and by the subsequent
settlement of the territory. In 1899
the Russian emperor, Paul VIII.
granted the land to the Russo-Amer-
lean Fur company The charter of
this corporation, an organization
like the Hudson's Bay company,
which has played so large q part
IN the history Of Canada, was re-
newed in 1889. bat finally expired
in 1853. In 1867, after a good deal
of friction and conflict of interests,
Alaska was coded to the United
States for s7,2o0, 900,
The Wyandotte herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1879-1943, 1939-06-09
The Mysterious River

The lower Saguenay, between Chi
countimi and the juncture of this
river with the majestic St. Law
renee, is a veritable ford almost
of sea level to Chicoutimi. Called
deep, mysterious river" by Indi-
ans of long ago, Jacques Cartier is
reported to have looked at the deep,
black floor that rolls out of the mar
row gorge at Tadoussac and to have
sailed away.
The Wyandotte herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1879-1943, 1939-06-09

Fractionating towers" which
separate substances having differ
ent chemical and physical proper
ties, are the very heart of petrole-
UNI refinery processing. OF the thou
sands Of them employed In the In
dustry, many allow six different
products to be withdrawn at one
time.-American Chemical society.
The Wyandotte herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1879-1943, 1939-06-09
'BOttled-in-Bond'

Bottled in bond means that the
liquor has been put in casks and
stored in government warehouse
for four or more years. The year
is usually indicated on the seal. I'm
der United States bond regulations,
no other whisky or neutral spirits
may be added during aging or be-
fore bottling.
The Wyandotte herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1879-1943, 1939-06-09
Friday the thirteenth

1t is generally believed that the
superstition IN connection with the
number "l3' has reference to the
Last Supper Of the Lord and His
disciples al which Is members
were present Friday is considered
uniucaEy b ChristiaHs 4 because il
was the day Of the Lords crueifix.
ion. There IS also q legend that II
il the day On which Adam and Eve
partook Of the Forbidden fruit. En-
day was considered unlucky among
the Bu6d6ists, Brahnalas and also
the Romans.
The Wyandotte herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1879-1943, 1939-06-09

Karlshad is one Of the celebrated
and fashionable watering places OF
Europe, situated ct the western ex-
tremity of Czechoslovakia. It is IA
NOUS for its hot mineral springs, the
daily how Of which i estimated al
1000, 900 gallons. The name means
Charles bath, Chales ~ Of France
having bathed there The city Is
also noted for porcelain manufac.
tnre.
The Wyandotte herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1879-1943, 1939-06-09
About Tea

A pound of tea averages from $50
to 200 cups, depending on whether
it is made strong or weak. Experts
say that two-thirds of an ounce of
tea to quart of water is the cor
rect proportion.
The Wyandotte herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1879-1943, 1939-06-09

The first recorded use Of German
potash by an American agricultural
experiment station was IN 1873 on
one of the experimental far1ns a.
the Pennsylvania State college, says
Industrial and Engineering Chemis-
try. For nearly IS years Germany
furnished America, az well as the
rest Of the world, practically al Of
its agricultural potash.
The Wyandotte herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1879-1943, 1939-06-09
Distance Visible at Sea

A person standing at a height of
40 feet aboard ship can see the
horizon at a distance OF. TIA nauti-
cal miles and can see the top of an
object 40 feet high at a distance of
1412 nautical miles.
The Wyandotte herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1879-1943, 1939-06-09
Water Parades

Egypt holds boat professions
family resembling the ancient boat
procession in which Egyptian Pha-
raohs attended three gods up the
Nile to Luxor.
The Wyandotte herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1879-1943, 1939-06-09
Plural of Fish

The correct plural of the word fish
is fish" when speaking of them as
an anglers catch or as food, but it's
fishes" when speaking of them as
specimens for scientific study.
The Wyandotte herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1879-1943, 1939-06-09
ErnuIphian Curse

The ernulphian curse is form
of accommodation of the Church
of Rome which will be found in the
Textus Offensis of Ernulphus, bishop
of Rochester, England Ola A. d..
The Wyandotte herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1879-1943, 1939-06-09
Seauoias Are Oldest

The Sequoias are considered the
oldest of living things, survivals of
that long ago when plants and ami
mails grew to giant size.
The Wyandotte herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1879-1943, 1939-06-09

The human jawbone is shrinking
to the point where II is becoming
too small to hold the 80 teeth ma
ture meant it to have.
The Wyandotte herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1879-1943, 1939-06-09
Noted for Oysters

Bergen-op-Zoom. an old Dutch
town, is noted for its oysters and
the sieges against it.
The Wyandotte herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1879-1943, 1939-06-09
Early Picture Book

One of the earliest printed picture
books is the Pictured World" by
John Amos Comenius, issued in 1857.
The Wyandotte herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1879-1943, 1939-06-09

The Sahara desert. at its greatest
extent, Is $500 miles long and 400
miles wide.
The Wyandotte herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1879-1943, 1939-06-09

The German word kitsch is a
slang expression meaning nonsense.
The Wyandotte herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1879-1943, 1939-06-09
Jupiter

Jupiter is bigger and heavier than
all the other planets rolled into one.
The Wyandotte herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1879-1943, 1939-06-09

The frontal sinuses are usually
larger in men than in women.