Evening star., 1938-11-18
Ang|o-Ameritan Pad
Is Signed Affecting
$2,o00,000, 900 Trade
Concessions on 2,250
Products Given in
White House Rite

Products Given in
White House Rite
Summary of Ang1o-American Trade
Agreement, Page BIS.
List OF Major Concessions in
Agreement, Pages BIZ and 1S.
BACKGROUND
The principle of treer fop of
international trade by reciprocal
lo1Dering of tariff barriers has
been a chief tenet OF NetD Deal
policy. Its most ardent advocate,
Secretary OF State Hull, breaches
trade dccordS as instruments of
peace as uell as of internal
prosperity. The lessening of auorld
tension last year after a strained
period Was credited by many to
Mr.. HuHS trade accord program.
The pacts are possible under a
NeW Deal act enabling the Presi-
dent 10 adjust tariffs up or do,Dn
bv 50fo OF the duty on any CON-
modify.
BY the Associated Press.
The three greatest merchant ma
tionS-Great Britain. Canada and
the United States-offered one an
other far-reaching tariff reductions
today in the expressed hope of in
creasing foreign trade and thereby
preserving world peace.
Historic commercial agreements,
giving concessions on more than
1850 products. were signed late yes
terday in the mirrored east room
Of the White House.
Prime Minister Mackenzie King
Of Canada and Sir Ronald Lindsay,
British Ambassador, joined Secre-
tary OF State Hull in predicting that
better international understanding
and cooperation would result.
But from some quarters came as
sertions tina: the agreements would
place certain American producers
IN an unfair competitive position.
Cows. Aiken of Vermont and Bar
rows OF Maine. both Republicans,
declared that the tariff concessions
Disseminated against New England
John D. Battle. executive secretary
Of the National Coal Association
said the industry's hopes for sub
stantial relief from the Canadian
tariff barriers against American coal
had not been realized.
Hailed as Aid to Trade.
On the other hand, Thomas J.
Watson. president of the Interna-
tional Chamber of Commerce, called
the documents timely aid to in
ternational trade" Kenneth J.
Campbell of the National Asso-
citation of Credit Men. asserted that
commerce with the United King
dom should increase both in VOL
ume and value.
Federal officials estimated that be-
tween sl500000.0 900 and $4,000 ,0O0.-
600 in trade Is directly or indi-
rectly affected by the two agree
ments. which bring the total such
accords to 10.
The principal concessions received
by the United States from Great
Britain were on agricultural prod
ucts. All customs duties on Amer
scan wheat, lard, canned grapefruit
and some fruit juices were removed;
duties on rice. apples, pears and
some canned fruits were substan-
tally reduced; the quota on Amer
lean hams was increased; duties on
ham and some other pork products.
corn and cotton were bound" that
Is, guaranteed to remain at the pres
ent rate.
The removal of the 6-cents-a-
bushel duty on American wheat,
officials said, should prove a boon
to American railroads, ports and
shipping. Canadian wheat, which
formerly had to move from a Can
adam port in order to enjoy prefer
entail treatment, now can 60 out
through American ports.
+. Broadens Farm Markets.
Experts of the Agriculture De-
partment said that in general the
treaties should broaden the market
for American farm products. but
would not solve the problem of
wheat and cotton surpluses.
The United Kingdom gave the
United States concessions on
variety of manufactured products,
including office and electrical ma
chinery and appliances. automobiles,
chemicals and silk stockings.
=,
Britain substantial concessions aver
aging Is per cent duty reductions
on textiles, whether of cotton, flax,
hemp, jute or wool. The duty on
whisky, which is Britain's largest
export to the United States, was
''bound" at $3.50 gallon. Britain
also got concessions on leather and
leather manufactures and pottery.
In some cases concessions made
by or to the United States were
balanced by concessions in the agree
ment with Canada. This was the
reason for signing both agreements
at the same time.
Canada made her major tariff
cuts on American fruits and vege-
tables, nsh, paper, wood, chemicals,
heavy iron and steel products, ma
chinery, aircraft and engines and
textiles. She also eliminated the
3 per cent special import tax hith-
erto imposed on all the items men,
toned in the agreement.
Extended to Most Nations.
United States concessions to Can
ada centered in live cattle, hogs
and pork products. cheese, eggs,
grains. other than wheat; grain by
products. maple sugar. potatoes, fish,
acetic acid, brick, nickel, aluminium,
zinc, cadmium, cast-iron products,
paper and sflver-fox furs.
All the tariff concessions made
by the United States in the two
treaties are extended automatically
to all countries enjoying most
favored nation treatment" here. Vir-
tually the only country not enjoy