Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1938-11-02

nations can be assured fair dealing
and equality Of commercial treat
ment.
Apart from the purely economic
aspects of the Heterogeneous pro.
| gram, there Is another and ever
more profound reason for the EN-.
phasis which we have been placing
upon the need for restoring interna.
tional commerce upon a sound anC
healthy basis. Many Of our citizen.
must wonder why, being concerned
with the conduct of our country.
foreign relations, it is necessary fol
me to devote so much of my time
thought and effort to economic
problems and to questions of foreign
trade. 1t is because I know that
without economic security and we'll
being there can be no social OF
economic stability in national life
and that without economic, social
and political stability and security
within nations there can be nc
peaceful and orderly relations amonQ
nations.
Suppression of Rights.
1t Is because I know that without
expansion Of international trade
based upon fair dealing and equal
treatment for all, there can be no
stability and security either within
or among nations. 1t is because !
know that the withdrawal by a ma
ton from orderly trade relations
with the rest of the world inevitably
leads to RECOMMENDATION of all phases
OF national life, to the suppression
OF human rights-and all too fire.
quently to preparations for war and
a provocative attitude toward other
nations.
Two opposing tendencies continue
to influence the course of interna-
tlonal economic relations. One is
the effort which we and n: any other
countries are making toward plac-
ing such relations upon a sound and
constructive basis and thus enabling
trade to make its fullest possible
contribution to the economic we'll
being, stability and peace of all
countries. The other is the continu-
alton Of policies under which trade
and, therefore, economic welfare
are being sacrificed to such other
obJectlves as vast ornaments and
the supremacy of force.
In the presence of a persistent
operation of this second tendency,
it Is not difficult to fall prey to
despair. 1t is not difficult to come
to the plausible but erroneous belief
that, as a result of this tendency,
the course of world development
must be toward maximum self suffi-
cheney for each and every country:
that trade among nations is doomed
to extinction or at best to a pre-
cariouS existence subject to the ar
bitrary whim of control authorities;
that the principles upon which we
have founded our commercial policy
have been rendered antiquated and
ill-adapted by the apparent imph-
cations of the developments which
are occurring elsewhere in the world,
and that, therefore, no other course
of action is open to us than to
fall back upon a system of ever
increasing economic isolation.
Reliance on Armed Force.
AS I see the world picture, there
is no justification in fact for such
counsel of despair. The world is
at a cross roads. But its power
OF choice is not lost.
One of the roads that wind into
the future Is that of increased re-
lance upon armed force as an H.
strument Of national policy. So long
as the construction of ornaments
for such a purpose continues to he
the center of national effort in some
countries, policy of arming in
escapably becomes a universal evil
Other nations find themselves
compelled to divert to preparation
for self-defense an increasing part
of their substance and effort. All
this requires-in varying degrees,
but in all countries alike-ever
greater sacrifice of what mankind
universally has regarded as the CEN
trail objective of civilization and
progress-namely, a rising level of
national welfare and of the we'll
being of the individual.
All this imposes-again in vary
ing degrees, but in all countries alike
"a growth of autarchy, an ever
more complete RECOMMENDATION of ma
tlonal life, an impairment of per-
sonal liberty, lowering Of every
standard of material, cultural and
spiritual existence. If the nations
continue along this road, increas-
ingly StreWn with the wreckage of
civilized mans most precious DOS
sessions, they will be marching
toward the final catastrophe of a
new world war, the horror and de-
structiveness Of which pass human
imagination.
The other OF the two roads is that
OF ever-increasing reliance upon
peaceful processes and upon the
rule OF law and order in the con-
duct of relations among individuals
and among nations. AS such reli-
ance becomes more effective, the
vast productive forces with which
nature, science and technical skill
have endowed mankind, can become
released, in greater and greater
for the advancement of
the human race.
Trust in Pledged Word.
AS trust in the pledged word and
order under law replaces the doc
trine Of armed force and the prac-
tice OF lawlessness, the human mind
can turn once more to the arts of
peace, and the human soul can soar
once more to ever greater achieve
ments of the spirit.
We in this country are fortunate
beyond measure in that we are less
Immediately affected than are most
other nations by the tensions which
prevail in other parts of the world.
Yet even for US there will be no
escape from a dismal outlook if
the rest of the world
should choose the road that must