davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1938-05-27
Servant Problem Solved?

The Senate Committee on Appropria-
tions, in reporting the new work relief
bill, recommended that the provision
for educational and cultural purposes
also be made available for domestic
service projects"
This item is a novelty in the Govern
ment's spending program, but apparently
one we'll worth while. It was included
at the request of Mr.. Edgar A. Brown,
president of the United Government
Employees, Inc. He told the committee
that there are 400 900 positions in Ameri-
can homes awaiting competent cooks
and other domestic workers. despite the
fact that great number Of women
willing and eager to Ill such places are
on relief.
The answer Is simple, according to
Mr. Brown. Domestic workers, espe-
cially cooks, must be highly skilled, and
there never are anything like enough
culinary experts to meet the demand.
He proposes Federal projects, or schools,
with courses in cooking, dietetics,
marketing and other household arts. At
the end Of perhaps six months students
would receive certificates attesting not
only their ability but their health. Thus,
within short time, there would be an
ample supply Of trained servants, free
from communicable diseases, and many
thousands Of women would be taken OF
relief.
A household-service demonstration
project, financed by voluntary aid, al
ready is in progress in Washington, Mr..
Brown explained. Thirty-one colored
women from the w. p. A. rolls are being
trained in home economics for domestic
work, marketing and management OF
modern American homes equipped with
the inventions and appliances Of tech
nical age"
That cooking is an art and science
no one with the slightest gastronomic
discrimination will dispute. And house.
wives are almost equally insistent on
obtaining experienced and competent
help for other phases of employment in
the home. 1t seems reasonable to sup
pose, as Mr.. Brown testified, that there
are new and unexplored horizons for
those schooled in the gentle art and
divine service Of homemaking."
Evening star., 1938-05-27
Shooting Stars.
By PHILANDER JOHNSON.
Safety First.

Safety First.
The water wagon is cart
Most primitively furnished.
1t is no choo choo work of art
With brass so highly FURNISHED.
No softly cushioned seats it shows;
It has no shining leather.
And rough may be the way it goes
And turbulent the weather.
But it is well worth while to roam
Despite its agitation,
For that old spot called Home, swee,
Home"
Will mark its destination.
That wagon may seem crude, indeed
With wheels that creak and wabble
The old nag, Conscience, may proceed
As II 1t wore q hobble.
But if you stick, you'll find a way
To render smooth its movement.
The vehicle will soon display
A wonderful improvement.
SO, here's to those who stoutly smile
And shun the foaming fiagon.
The only Joy ride worth the while
Is on the water wagon.
Evening star., 1938-05-27

oratorical outburst u lot Of drivel." It
is reported. and proceeded to picture Mr..
Hines in q role anything but angelic.
He charged that Mr.. Hines was sinister
mobster who conspired to intimidate
and control prosecutors and judges in
the interest of the policy racket.
There is no doubt that Mr.. Hines Is
an. angel" to thousands Of New Workers.
He has been the administrations chief
dispenser Of patronage In that area. ac-
cording to reliable reports. His pole rs
a job finder for his friends was disclosed
during the famous seabury investiga-
ton.
In attempting to clip the angels"
wings, Mr.. Dewey has taken upon him
self large task. He has dared to pros
ecute a person who, he charges, has
demonstrated ability in the past to "con-
troll" prosecutors and judges.
The situation thus presented is one
that will be watched with keen interest
not only by New Workers. but by citizens
elsewhere. One thing seems fairly Ger
tain to all who have watched the course
of law enforcement under District At
torney Dewey. II Mr.. Hines is acquitted
Of the charges brought against him in
the current indictment, it will not be
because there was any fixing" or intimi-
dation of the prosecutor.
Evening star., 1938-05-27
"Pou.Pri1ning."

Senator Rush D. Holt Of West Virginia
is well within his rights when he COM
plains against ''poll-priming" with tax
payers money. Any bystander in Phila-
delphia on November 3, 1886, might
testify for him with regard to the
political significance Of w. p. A. It was
openly charged and never denied that
relief workers were TAXED around the
City Of Brotherly Love in Government
trucks to vote. Also, 1t was generally
understood that some Of the more ardent
New Deal adherents, anxious to please
Administrator Harry Hopkins, exercised
the franchise in New Jersey and Dela-
ware q well q In Pennsylvania. In.
vestigatton was promised. but forgotten
Evening star., 1938-05-27
Dewey Strikes Again.

Racket Buster Thomas Dewey is on
the warpath again. Once more he has
trained his guns toward Tammany Hall
and New York wonders If another red
skin will bite the dust.
Having already forced the resignation
Of such powerful Tammany figures as
Charles A. Schneider and Albert Mari
nelli, Mr.. Dewey now is concentrating
IRE on James J. Hines, known as the
behind the scenes, unofficial leader Of
Tammany Hall. Mr.. Hines, naturally,
has a rather formidable reputation as a
political car, but the indomitable Mr..
Dewey refuses to be awed. He has had
Mr.. Hines indicted as lottery racketeer
and official "fixer" of the late Dutch
Schultz mob.
When the veteran politician was ar
raigned in court his attorney, with a
show Of emotion, lauded Mr. Hines as
an "angel" with thousands Of friends
who, at the drop of hat would raise
as much as $1,000 900 bail, II necessary.
Mr.. Dewey. unimpressed. called thu
Evening star., 1938-05-27
Behind the Figures.
From the Kansas City Star.
The annual nllhlic accounting in


The annual public accounting in con-
nection with the William Rockhill Nelson
Trust shows that approximately four and
a half million dollars now have been
spent on the art collection housed In the
Nelson Gallery. This expenditure, it is
further disclosed. has been made entirely
out of income and the capital, amount-
ing to nearly II million dollars, remains
untouched. Legally such an accounting
for a public trust is indispensable. But
an important fact lies beyond it.
In reality, it is quite impossible to COM
pute the value of the Nelson collection.
The major part of the collection was
assembled under highly favorable condl-
tions. The trustees found themselves
in possession of large amount OF accu-
mulated income at a time when there
was much distress selling Of art objects
and relatively few buyers to compete.
AS a result, they were able to purchase
works of art that normally would have
commanded several times the price they
paid. But under any circumstances the
monetary quotation for such commodl-
ties is an extremely unreliable index OF
their real value. That is something that
can be measured only in terms Of public
satisfaction.
In a few years the trustees acting
through their representatives, have built
one of the great art collections OF the
country. It has become an integral part
Of our civic life, affording pleasure regu-
larly to thousands Of persons, helping
to form the tastes Of q generation OF
school children, bringing visitors from
the great territory that looks to this city
for its metropolitan facilities and con-
ferring an international distinction upon
the community. These are assets that
no accounting system can calculate.
Evening star., 1938-05-27
FULL INVESTIGATION OF VA.
is DEMANDED BY THE PRESS
Renewed Activity Aspects of Controversy Over
Government Agency Considered Likely to
Result in Important Developments.

privilege of presenting his statement to
the committee entirely without inter-
ruption.' Here is evidence that most Of
the committeeman. at least, are anxious
to get at the truth Of the controversy"
Discussing the action of the Supreme
Court, the st. Paul Pioneer Press be-
lieves that there is ''only the possibility
Of a reversal of the lower court"
Recognition of the rights of investors"
is considered by the Baltimore Sun. with
the statement: The agreement under
which the T. " A. and the city of Knox
vile will buy the properties of the
Tennessee Public Service Co.. an Electric
Bond & Share subsidiary serving the
Knoxville area. brings to an amicable
and not unsatisfactory conclusion one
of the bitterest and most complicated
conflicts to which Government enter
prise in the power industry has given
rise"
~ -
With a statement of doubt as to any
thing Of value coming out of the investi-
CATION, the Philadelphia Evening Ledger
declares: "The circumstances surround
ing the inception of this inquiry give
some assurance that there will be no
attempt at a 'whitewash. The country
favors modicum of hostility in such
matters. And, if it turns out that sus-
picions are unwarranted, that the T. ".
A., in spite of the bitter quarrels within
the directorate. has been honestly and
efficiently attending to it's business-it
will be so much better for all concerned.
There is, however, considerable skepti-
cism about the whole business, including
the inquiry"
ITO have denied the former chairman
access to the T. v. A. records would have
been to add insult to injury" thinks the
Knoxville Journal, while the Nashville
Banner feels that the public demands
"an impartial, firm and fair investi-
cation"
Evening star., 1938-05-27
THIS AND THAT
B, CHARLES E. TRACEWELL.

vanced as to the why Of 1t. and still
nobody, not even tie greatest scientist,
is sure Of his own theory.
All they know is that the birds do
migrate. The astounding journeys OF
our feathered friends have never been
written about enough, despite the huge
amount of writing upon the subject.
A properly sensitive person will stand
amazed, even thrilled, the more he looks
into this wonder.
All the instincts of the religious life
are stirred by the contemplation Of this
mighty movement Of the birds Of the
world, in response to an unseen and
irresistible command.
do the same birds, the very same
birds, come to my garden each year?"
This is a question often asked. and 1t
may be answered In the Affirmative, even
without the proof of the band on the
leg.
Banding, of course. is the only scien-
tif1c way. We read recently of cow
bird which outflew some homing pigeons,
and landed at the home roost before
they did.
This instinct for the "home base" Is
IlOt IIclu oolcly Wy PlSCOAlo, cuI ooCAi'
to belong, in more or less degree, to all
birds.
Those who greet tiny pair of wrens
in their garden one spring, may feel
quite sure that the pair in the yard next
year is the same pair.
This takes the mighty subject of mi
grafton out Of the air and makes it a
very personal thing in ones own back
yard.
Probably the bulk of the robins. cat
birds, wrens, to name but three, which
are in any garden at this time were here
last season.
No doubt some of them are new. It
is impossible to believe that the roster
Of any one garden and surroundings is
invariably the same, year after year. II
conditions have been good to the birds.
over winter and during the migration
North, there will be many more birds
in any yard than in years when condi-
tions were inimical.
Evidently bird life was at its best all
during 1887, SO that today in our gardens
we have many more birds of all types
than we had year ago.
1t is pleasant to think that some Of
the birds are old friends, some Of them
new friends.
X X X X
Our belief is that if birds lead happy
life in nesting place. and are not beset
with sorrow, they will come back to the
same spot.
Surely that would be no more mysteri-
Gus than that they come at all.
We are dealing here with instincts and
urges which are mysterious beyond
mystery. The very secret of life and
its destination lies in bird migration.
1t has never been studied enough.
The swallows have come back to their
garage, modern equivalent Of barn.
They are home, if ever.
1t Is pleasant to have them. interesting
to watch them, profitable to think of the
wonder of their coming.
Evening star., 1938-05-27
The barn swallows are back.
The same pair?

The barn swallows are back.
The same pair?
Only banding, as practiced by experts,
would prove 1t, but the owners CT the
garage are sure they are the same.
Last year they nested on the south
wall. This year they have chosen the
north side over the door.
1.-THE saucy Little Bird on Nellie's
Hat" as posed by a popular song OF
yesteryear, probably was barn swallow.
Fortunately, those days are gone. This
use OF wonderful creature for millinery
purposes was abandoned shortly after
1885, when George Bird Grinnel wrote
an editorial in Forest and Stream pro-
testing against 1t.
The editorial also led to the founding
of the flrst Audubon Society.
The barn swallow sometimes is called
the fork tailed swallow, a designation
which describes neatly its most easily
noted feature.
This swallow is one of the tamest Of
all birds.
People may go in and out the garage
without any interference from them,
and the birds, In their turn, are not
worried over necessary intruSions.
The eggs, white with red, green and
lavender spots, are laid, and the swal-
lows hatch them out, but even during
this momentouS time they do not mind
people coming to look at them.
1t will be realized that this is a very
fine bird.
One Of the reasons given for its de-
clining numbers in recent years is the
related decline in the number OF barns.
Barns. with their animals and manure,
made for insect life.
And insects, of course, are the natural
food Of the swallows.
Their skimming fight is for the pur-
pose of taking insects "on the wing"
Sometimes they come close to the
ground to catch moths which do not go
very high.
This puts them open to the attacks
Of one Of their many enemies, the house
cat. Other enemies include sparrows.
which try to drive them out of their
nests, and rats and mice, which eat their
eggs and even young.
It may be seen that the life Of barn
swallow is no sinecure.
4
when the Swallows Homeward Fly"
Who has not heard Of that song, or
maybe even sung tt2
1t has a poetic sound, but the scien-
fists say 1t is poor ornithology.
The home Of any bird, II bird can
be said to have a home, is certainly
where its nest is, and where its young are
raised, they assert.
Swallows. along with most BIRDS fly
North to nest.
When they fly South in the fall. well,
they are simply flying South. not home. !"
It's pretty. say the scientists but it
isn't ornithology, and of course they are
right.
X i X
Migration, that great bird mystery and
fact. is mighty appealing subject.
All sorts Of theories have been adj.
Evening star., 1938-05-27
OF the Making of Laws.
Prom the New York Times.

STom the new 1orK IlneS
A statistician attached to the Council
Of State Governments has been at work
on the output of American State Legisla-
lures during 1887. He finds that 1856
State Senators and Representatives
passed 1874 new laws, an average Of
about two and one-half laws apiece.
They tried unsuccessfully to pass $1,000
other bills, an average of about five
apiece. They were paid total salary
Of $4,660 900, so that their services cost
only $3.50 for each new law passed, with
the bills that failed thrown in for moth
ing. The average State Legislature en-
acted about one-third of all the bills in
troduced. New York was more conserva-
tive. It enacted only about one-fifth OF
the bills introduced.
The gods may laugh at this spectacle
Of legislation run wild, and so may some
mortals. Yet we must be reasonable.
The new laws did not create 1874 new
crimes. Many Of them were necessary to
enable administrative agencies to keep
up with our hard-riding civilization.
Many were trivial. Many, after being
tried out, will either be repealed or quiet
ly forgotten. Few will be eflcaciously
enforced unless there is public opinion
behind them. Quite number Of sump-
tuary laws were passed during the pro-
hibition era. Were they enforced? And
what became Of them?
Our legislators reflect our folkways.
They pass laws that some Of us ask for
and that they fondly hope most Of us,
II we hear about them, will accept. They
can't order us about. They can't bully
us. They can't 60 counter to the Con-
stitution and the Bill Of Rights-not for
long. On the whole, our multitude OF
laws does not rest heavily on our shoul-
ders Certainly they beat the mandates
Of dictators. which are also numerous,
ali hollow.
Evening star., 1938-05-27

Revival Of interest in the Tennessee
Valley Authority Is noted in editorial
comments as result of the Supreme
Courts decision to review litigation in
volving the Authority the concessions
made by the congressional committee to
the deposed chairman, Arthur E.
Morgan, and the prospect Of COM
promise between the Government agency
and the power interests which are af-
fected by Government competition.
THE decision of the Supreme Court
to review litigation brought by eighteen
utility companies" says the Los Angeles
Times. means that the question whether
the Federal Government may engage
directly in the power business Is at last
to be decided. The court, in taking the
case on review, does not, Of course. there
by indicate how 1t will rule. 1t does.
however, indicate it considers open to
argument the decision of the three Judge
United States District Court which held
that T. v. A. is engaging In lawful COM
petition"
1T is dificult," concludes the Sioux
City Tribune, Ito visualize what would
happen II the act were found to be
invalid. At any rate the properties can
not be torn down by the justices. They
will remain whatever the court may find.
Nor is it likely that Congress would fail
to authorize the completion Of work
under way"
X
1.-THE joint congressional COMMITTEES
appointed to investigate T. v. A." ac-
cording to the New York Herald Tribune,
may have seemed bit slow in launch
ing its inquiry, but 1t has made at last
permit DR.. Arthur E. Morgan full and
free access to the T. v. A. files, and ON
the motion Of Republican member it
has voted that Dr.. Morgan and his two
fellow commissioners shall each have the
Evening star., 1938-05-27

Notable weddings are bringing to at
tention some sartorial features which for
ordinary people were falling into neglect.
The necktie resumes Importance as a
masculine decoration and is really worth
while as a full-face variation from the
attenuated string tie or four-in-hand
50 often used for establishment. Though
doubts arise in connection with public
demonstrations it is a pleasure to note
that the necktie is still capable Of suit
able adjustment for the most formal
occasions.
Evening star., 1938-05-27
Handwriting on the Wall.

Probably in Toxic itself there is no
attempt to disguise the true inwardness
OF the latest cabinet shakeup. Eleva-
ton of powerful generals to the port
folios of foreign affairs and education
can only mean the tightening OF the
army's grip on the government and cor
respondingly more vigorous prosecution
of the war in China. Replacement OF Mr..
Hirota at the foreign Office by General
Ugaki, former governor general OF Korea,
transfers its conduct to an out-and-out
militarist, just as General Arakis success
sion to the ministry of education gives
cabinet rank to one Nippons rabid war
lords. Araki received principal credit for
plunging Japan into the Manchurian ad-
venture of 1881 He it is who long has
preached the doctrine of necessary war
with Russia.
Apart from strengthened army control,
which the cabinet shifts denote, their
no less significant aspect is the trans
parent confession that the situation in
China despite the costly Soochow VIC
tory, is far from satisfactory. Betokening
that fact is the fall of War Minister Cen
eral Sugiyama, who Is supplanted by
General Itagaki, one of the outstanding
commanders in China. Eloquent as well
is the appointment of Seihin 1keda, for
mer governor of the Bank of Japan, as
minister of finance The 1tagaki and
Ikeda assignments clearly reveal the dis
content rampant in both exalted and
popular japanese quarters with the trend
of the war and it's cumulative effect upon
the undermined japanese economic
structure.
Over and above all these developments
looms the conversion of the government
into a Fascist totalitarian regime. Ever
since the armys fortunes in China
began going from bad to worse, the
miltarists have been crowding Premier
Konoye to enforce the new mobilization
law which provides for a military die
tatorship over all forms OF national life.
After the major reverse at Taierhch-
wang, the drastic statute was partially
put in operation. With the army now
in the saddle, the way is paved for COM
plete military overlordship.
Whether a disillusioned people and
baffed army under the spur OF mill
tary-dominated government, will more
speedily or ever achieve the conquest OF
China, time alone will tell The in
vasion has already cost Japan an esti-
mated 100000 battle casualties, and re-
ouired the mobilization Of an army OF
more than 100000 men. National
economic resources are not exhausted,
but they are strained to the breaking
point. Ten months of relentless war
against a despised foe whom she ex-
pected to subjugate in as many weeks
find Japan still far from her goal. That
q mere change in the government high
command will suffice to weaken the will
or crush the resistance of a people
whom foreign aggression has welded into
militant national unity is more than
problematical. The more highly prob
able effect will be to convince the Chinese
that the foe is now pursuing the counsels
Of desperation and augment their
resolve to fight to the bitter end.
Evening star., 1938-05-27

In the excitement Of . victory which
gave President Roosevelt everything ex-
cept Vermont and Maine-two common
wealths in which there did not seem to
be enough stabilized poverty" at the
moment.
OF course. Mr.. Holt is handicapped in
proving his charges. People on w. P. A.
rolls are afraid to talk; their neighbors
are familiar with conditions, but too
timid to furnish evidence which might
be viewed as hearsay. The West Virginia
Senator, therefore, must rely upon logic
to support his case-the pure mathe-
mates Of New Deal quid pro quo. Is 1t
reasonable to suppose that the admins
tration desires its critics in Congress to
be reelected? No! Is it reasonable to
suppose that Mr.. Hopkins is not loyal
to the power that made him what he is?
No! Is it reasonable to suppose that
voters to whom local w. p. A. officials
grant employment are not faithful to the
system In which they have at least a
temporary economic stake? No! What
efficiency is there, then, in any attempt
to deny that relief funds have a political
connotation? Even II the money were
spent under the management of BIZ
partisan commission, 1t still would inf1u-
ence election results.
Mr.. Holt could do worse than cite the
record of history. Never in human ex-
perience has turbulent proletariat been
fed, clothed or housed gratis without
danger to society as whole. The
Roman emperors who provided dread
and circuses" free to the mob wrecked
civilization by their concessions.