Evening star., 1938-09-25

More, the machinery OF the State De-
partment and the United States Foreign
Service themselves was running far from
smoothly. Down the corridor from Mr.. Hull
sat Raymond Moley, then "key man" Of the
Presidents brain trust" who, as Assistant
Secretary OF State, was q thorn in the Sec
retary's side. As White House aide, Mr..
Moley showed little respect for the Secre-
tary's authority. On at least one occasion,
Mr.. Moley publicly took issue with policies
advocated by the Secretary. His visit to
London during the World Economic Confer
ence as special ambassador" Of the Presi-
dent was extremely embarrassing to the
head Of the American delegation. The
State Department personnel was dividing
itself into Hull and Moley factions.
It was, however, the termination of what
came to be known in Europe as 'Taffaire
Moley," which definitely established Mr.
Hulls authority and set him on the road
toward positive accomplishment. Just what
Mr.. Hull said to the President on this sub
ject probably will never be known outside
inner official circles, but the result was that
Mr.. Moley left the State Department very
suddenly and Mr. Hull remained The
effect on the State Department and Foreign
Service personnel was electric. The "Moley
faction" dissolved overnight.
The Secretary then turned to constructive
work.
Finding disarmament and war debts dead
issues because Of political conditions in Eu-
rope, Mr.. Hull turned to the United States
own back yard-Latin America-in an
attempt to safeguard peace and better eco
nomic conditions in the Western Hemi-
sphere. At the Montevideo Conference Of
1884 and the Buenos Aires Conference of
1885 he succeeded in breaking down the
fear and hatred Of the COLOSSUS OF the
North" which had been built up during
decades Of dollar diplomacy"
Series Of Agreements.
From these conferences came q series Of
agreements for the legal settlement of dis
putes, cultural and economic collaboration
between the nations of the West and the
firm establishment Of the good neighbor"
policy throughout Latin America.
simultaneously Mr. Hull, under the au-
thority of Congress, began negotiation of a
series of reciprocal trade agreements de-
signed to promote the flow of trade between
the United States and foreign countries by
mutual lowering of tariffs.
m
the modern era. Upon them he blames not
only the world depression, but also good
share of the worlds political headaches.
Dictatorships, he reasons, arise from the
sufferings of people made desperate by un-
employment, hunger and want. These, in
turn, he believes, result from the sitting Of
trade. The answer: Restore trade and you
restore prosperity and the chances in all
countries for happy, free democratic life
Thus far Mr. Hull has concluded trade
treaties with 18 countries An agreement
with Great Britain-the most ambitious Of
all his negotiations probably will be con-
cluded within the next two months. Mean
while, the Secretary has had the satisfac-
ton Of seeing United States foreign trade
mount steadily from its depression low.
Dangerous Foreign Problem.
The Far East has been and-aside from
European threats Of war-continues to be
Secretary Hull's most dangerous and
dynamic foreign problem. When, last sum
mer, Japan marched into China, violating
both the Kellogg treaty and the nine-power
pact and showing IN utter disresard for
Americas lous-standins extraterrttorial