davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-11-10
Minimum Wage For
Rug, Carpet Industry

Washington, d. c. (AFLWNS).-
Employees of firms furnishing wool
carpets and rugs, exclusive of rag
rugs, to the United States Government
are now required to pay their en-
ployes not less than 40 cents an hour,
or SIG week of 40 hours, to be ar
rived at either upon a time or piece
work basis, according to a minimum
wage order for the industry issued by
Secretary of Labor Frances Perkins
under authority of the Walsh-Healey
Public Contracts Act.
The minimum wage order was issued
on the recommendation of the Public
Contracts Board, which made an ex-
haustive investigation of wage condi-
tions in the wool carpet and rug in
dustry, excluding rag rugs. The in
quiry revealed that the minimum wage
rates varied from 35 cents and 37.5
cents an hour in a few plants to 40
cents an hour for a large number of
plants.
According to the 1885 Census of
Manufacturers there was an average
of 1858 wage earners in the wool
carpet and rug industry covered by the
minimum wage order. The plants were
located in New York, Pennsylvania,
Massachusetts, New Jersey, Connecti-
cut, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky,
Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, North
Carolina, OHIO, Rhode Island, Virginia
and Wisconsin.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-11-10
kLRB Orders S.
CONTINUED From PGqe One)

houses and chan-stores. In addition
to its regular business, the concern had
secured a contract from the office of
the Secretary of State for the manu-
facture of all automobile license plates
issued by the State of Illinois.
Union Members Locked Out
"ln an effort to remedy unsatisfac-
tory conditions of employment, the
workers formed a union and secured
charter from the" A. F. Of L. as Fed
eral Labor Union No. 212S4. This oc-
Cured in 1887. The Hemp concern re-
taliated in September, 1887, by lock-
ing out or discharging a number of
union members and promoting the
formation Of a company union known
as the 'Macomb Workers Alliance
The A. F. Of l.. members filed charges
against the company before the Natl
onal Labor Relations Board, alleging
unfair labor practices. a hearing was
held by the Board at Macomb from
December to p, 1887.
"On April 4, 1888, the Trial Ex-
aminer filed his intermediate Report,
deciding against the company, but
failing to provide for back pay for the
workers for time lost and immediate
reinstatement Of the workers for the
old jobs and the discharge of the com
pany union employees who succeeded
them. At this point, Attorney Car
nell was called into the case. EX-
ceptions were filed to the Trial EX-
aminer's report. The local union ap
pealed to the Peoria convention Of the
Illinois State Federation of Labor in
September, 1888, for assistance. The
convention referred the matter to the
Executive Board pending final action
by the National Labor Relations
Board"
The Labor Boards order regarding
back pay for the So employees, made
following the intervention Of the Off
cials of the Illinois State Federation
of Labor, requires Hemp and Com
pany to make whole the employees or
dered to be offered reinstatement for
any loss of pay they have suffered by
reason of their having been locked out,
by payment to each of them, re-
spectively, of sum of money equal to
that which each would normally have
earned as wages during the period
from September 10, 1887, to Decem-
ber 9, 1887, less the amount, if any,
which each has earned during that |
period" With respect to three employees
the back pay order is limited to the
dates when they refused all offer Of
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-11-10
WoIsh-HeoIeyAc+
Contract Awards
Total $634.354.372
Higher Wages and Shorter
Hours Won by Hundreds
Of Thousands

Washington, D. C.-The tremend-
ously important benefits secured for
working men and women through con-
structive legislation promoted by the
American Federation of Labor are
strikingly revealed in the announce
ment of Secretary of Labor Frances
Perkins that during the week ending
October 81, 1888, thirteen Government
agencies awarded contracts valued at
S13 ,354,675 under the Walsh-Healey
Public Contracts Act, and that since
the Act went into effect, September
%, 1886, "10,792 contracts valued at
$634 ,354,372 have been awarded to
firms throughout the United States
and it's territories which have agreed
to comply with it's stipulations."
The Walsh-Healey Act was bitterly
opposed by reactionary employers dur
ing two sessions of the United States
Congress, but the vigorous action of
the American Federation of Labor
overcame the opposition and secured
its passage during the closing days of
the second session of the 74th Con-
gress in 1886.
The Act requires that all contracts
for $4,000 or more for supplies for
the Federal Government coming un-
der the jurisdiction of the measure
shall contain provisions that the pre-
vailing rate of wages, determined by
the Secretary of Labor, shall be paid,
that employees must not work more
than eight hours in any day or forty
hours in any week, and that boy under
sixteen years of age and girls under
eighteen years. of age or convict labor
must not be employed. Sweatshops and
homework are banned
Contracts can be Cancelled if any of
the provisions of the Act are violated.
Payment on contracts can be withheld
when contractors engage in "kick-
back" practices or other violations.
Such payments are made to the Sec
retary of Labor, who returns them to
the defrauded workers.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-11-10

assessed workers earnings.
Employers liable for contributions to
the fund on any one day during a
year must continue to make quarterly
payments into the fund for the balance
of that year.
Should an employer not covered by
the law desire to protect his employees
by making regular contributions into
the fund, he may make application to
the Commission for that privilege for
a period of not less than two years.
All contributions paid by an en-
ployer are credited to his account,
which is set up under an employer
registration number. Individual wage
records, identified by the workers So
cial security number, are set up for
every employe insured under the law
to be used only when benefits are paid.
From the workers viewpoint, the in
dividual wage report is the most I'M
portant requirement of employers. An
employer should not fail to report
wages of his employees, for, although
an employer may be unable to pay his
contributions to the fund, his qualified
employees will be entitled to benefits.
1t is important that each worker in
Ohio keep a personal record Of his
earnings and the names of his employ
ers. If, in applying for benefits, he
finds that an employer has not filed
wage report for him or he has received
credit for less earnings than actually
received during his employment, he
may submit his own wage record and
ask for a hearing and adjustment.
All fines and penalties assessed
and interest on money de-
posted with the Treasurer of the
United States to the credit of the Ohio
Unemployment Compensation Com
mission are added to the unemploy-
ment fund.
No part of the contributions col
lected by the Commission for unem-
ployment compensation may be used
for any purpose other than the pay
ment of benefits. Administrative costs
are paid by the Social Security Board
in periodic grants to the Commissions
account in the State Treasury.
Next week: "Qualifying For Bene-
fits"
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-11-10
THINE AND MINE
LAURA GRAY

Mary Martins step quickened on her
way from school, as she remembered
the dainty little pink silk handkerchief
she'd won for prize at a party the
afternoon before.
Mary was seven, a younger member
of large family, and a party was
something to be remembered for life.
Hello, Jim," she called to her big
brother who was starting off on his
bicycle. 81 thought you couldn't go to
the picnic because your bicycle needed
new tire"
$50 it did, but | took one from
Joan's. She can't say anything; she
helped herself to my paints, and has
kept them at school," he speeded off
Mary danced on, glad she'd thought
of good hiding place for her darling
handkerchief, for in this family one
could never be sure that any of his
personal belongings were safe. If one
of the boys or girls wanted clean
handkerchief, or vest, or stockings and
had none of his own handy, he just
: took his brothers or sisters. Shoes,
books, treasures were all common
property.
Indoors, Mary sped to her bedroom
it was hers and Joan's-and lifted the
corner of her mattress. She'd thought
this wonderful hiding place; but the
handkerchief was gone! Accustomed
as she was to having her treasures
taken, Mary's lip quivered, tears
blurred her sight. This one handker-
chief was precious.
She opened bureau drawer and
rummaged in a mass of things belong
ing to three or four of the family.
Wasn't there something she could take,
in turn-to get even somehow? :?
Nancy's beaded purse! Nancy'd be
angry, but that couldn't be helped.
Mary pocketed the purse, shut the
drawer with a push and was going
downstairs when Aunty Jess called
from her room.
Mary went gladly; Aunty Jess was
a good friend and this motherless
home was much pleasanter when
Aunty was there. Of course there was
always Mrs. Bounce, the housekeeper.
'Look, Mary" Aunt Jess opened a
bottom drawer. "We found your pretty
handkerchief under your mattress, this
morning. Wee Bobby told us you'd
hidden it to keep anyone from using
it. It's safe here, and anything else
you want to keep you may put here,
too.'
ooh, thank you," Mary fondled the
prize happily.
She couldn't keep this delicious Sc
cret; she put Nancy's purse back and
told Nancy about the hiding place, and
soon the whole family tropped to
Aunty's room with treasures. 1t look
ed as if poor Aunty could be crowded
out.
But one day Mary was surprised to
see new bureau with one drawer for
each child, in Aunt Jess room. This
soon became sort of sanctuary,
quickly appreciated by all, and no one
ever thought of taking anything from
another's drawer.
Children brought up to respect one
another's property are pretty sure to
grow into men and women who re-
spect the property of others; but those
who don't understand in childhood the
difference between mine and thine run
a risk. It's but a step from taking a
sisters bicycle tire because you need
it, to taking your brothers money
because you need it. And, of course,
there would be no security in life for
anyone if all lived i'll this way. With
the understanding of ownership, how
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-11-10
On Capitol Hill
By GEORGE L. KNAPP

Washington, D. C. QLNS).-Nine-
teen persons out Of twenty who think
Of it at all-and this is something that
comes home to nearly every one-had
a feeling of satisfaction and progress
when the wage-hour bill went into ef-
feet. At least 100000 workers have
their wages raised from this day forth;
and twice as many have their work
week shortened Child labor under IA
years is barred in most occupations
and guarded from then till 16 years.
1t is as if the American people had
decided that future progress must
help everybody. The whole field of la
Dor is not covered-far from it, but
within these rather narrow bounds,
the weaker members of society will
not be thrown in the ditch to let the
so-called car of progress cross over
them. Before long, those boundaries
will be widened.
Of course there is growing. snarl-
ing, pinching on some parts Of the line.
The tobacco stemmeries of Winston
Salem, for instance, say they can't and
won't pay anybody % cents an hour to
stem tobacco; they'll get machines. l
have handled many hundreds of stem
mers pay envelopes in that very
town; and three-quarters of them ran
from 50 to $6 week. Decent relief
would be pleasant by comparison.
x x
A Company Union which was taken
to bankruptcy court last summer on
a s5l printing bill has won in an cleo
tion the right to bargain collectively
for the shopmen of the Pennsylvania
Railroad.
This union is called the Brotherhood
Of Railroad Shop Crafts. How many
members it had before this election
came up no one seems to know; esti-
mates ran from 5000 to 10000. But
in the election just certified by the
National Mediation Board, 32,376 men
were declared eligible to vote, and
1908 of them voted for the Broth
erhood of Railroad Shop Crafts. Seven
craft unions Of the A. F. of L. were
lined up against the Brotherhood; and
not one got majority in its own
craft.
Explanation? 1t isn't made, yet. 1t
is literally true that last August, the
union was hailed into court for not
paying a S51 bill; and in September
and October, it makes a clean sweep
on the road with the biggest shops in
America.
The BRSC will be right at home 1t
is the company's child. It's birth was
due to the shopmen's strike 16 years
ago-the last big strike in the rail
road field w. W. Atterbury, presi-
dent of the Pennsy, cut off 80 per cent
of the railroads force within a very
short time after the roads were turned
back to owners from the war period
of governmental control. The BRSC
was formed before or during the
strike; and most of its members have
been on the Pennsy ever since.
Incidentally, when the government
turned back the roads to their "own-
ers,' it guaranteed them to certain
net income for six months. They
fired lot of their own men, let re-
pairs to outside shops for what they
thought the traffic would bear-and
the ICC found the Pennsylvania let
ting out engines to be repaired at
more than $4,000 apiece when the
same repairs in the Pennsy's shops
cost less than $4,000.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-11-10
PACT ENDS STRIKE

Cleveland, o. (OLNS).-After
two-week strike, 100 employees of the
Royal Brass Manufacturing Co. re-
turned to work last week under terms
of Union contract calling for wage
increases of to 10 per cent. The
strike was called by Machinists' and
Metal Polishers' Local Unions, affili-
ated with the AFL.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-11-10

Nazi Germany offers a non-aggres-
sion pact to France. "Will you walk
into my parlor?" said the spider to
the fly.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-11-10
Home Education
"The Child's First School is the
Family"-Fr0ebel

Issued by the National Kinder
garten Association, 8 West 4Oth
Street, New York City. These arti-
cles are appearing weekly in our
columns.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-11-10
Labor In Three
More States To
Study Tdxdtion

Washington, d. c. 0LNS).-Three
more State Federations of Labor
Texas, Kansas, and Colorado-have
moved to equip themselves with tax
study committees as have twenty
seven other states.
By convention action in Texas and
Kansas, resolutions were passed as
sailing those types of taxation which
will increase living costs or affect la
bor's interests as earners and con-
sumers. Their tax committees are in
structed to make pertinent studies and
report to their executive councils.
The Colorado State Federation Ex-
ecutive Council, stirred by an unusual
ly heated campaign preceding the state
referendum to be settled election day
on the question of special store tax
alton, has just shown fresh inter-
est in the taxation problem and ex-
pressed it's desire to cooperate with
other State Federations in tax mat
terS.
Resolutions condemning the pro-
posed Patman bill to destroy corpor-
ate chain stores were adopted by
Texas and Kansas state bodies in a
form similar to that approved by the
Houston convention of the American
Federation of Labor.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-11-10

The redeemlng feature Of the pawn
shop is the ticket.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-11-10

\ man thinks he knows-but a wo-
man knows better.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-11-10

No business has ever yet run itself
and paid a profit.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-11-10
ROOM NO. /
ROOM NO. 2

Tuesday
No list
No "a. IEyOh
6 Saturday,. CmW lan nd3m Saturday.
He saints. |EvuyS
7IoalUm
% and Tuesday Rarm
TC lSunW Wnnmda
No
Hands, |Suums
Lml Union No |SM Monday
d Bird Tuesday,
Iomlr No 1S.,
No o. Other
No md 3d Monday
10 % al Tuesday SU Union .|Fmu
No. and Thursday Nc .2a
mo 1N..
Every Sunday.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-11-10
RECENT DEATH
CLAIMS PAID

Death benefits paid by the National
Brotherhood of Operative Potters from
June /, to November 4, 1888,
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-11-10

ever, children need to be taught also
to be generous and willing lenders.
The ideal attitude is the outgroWth Of
a gradual development which takes
much time and patience, but becomes
endlessly worth while.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-11-10
OFFICIAL DIRECTORY OF THE NATIONA


m hoa John ill
III ~ @ edbyh rrxpdre
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-11-10
Unemployment

From Pdge One
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1938-07-23
APPRECIATION OF THE NEGRO PRESS

Despite me many disadvantages confronting Negro
newspaper. ,o-day and Notwithstanding me many cr;
clans received steady progress j beng made ana ire
pubic becoming ana more sppreclatye
There still. large nlmbers o: our people. nos
ever ~no 90 no. yet realize what oar newspapers are e
ng Tor the rse. and iney g'e ori lite support a. slp
Scribers advertisers. Yet when ~ these
individuals find themselves cscrinnatsu agains,. pefs~
c1ted fired from obs 4sty. otherwise M
II treated ,ney publicity uhch they
get wh.s newspapers. they q1ics 70 find
- ne ot II Negro newspaper and now ike wolves
they "a 10 reeve BIZ headlines front page
gsrdess ~ me u re r3ocv rev desire.
i i not uncommon .or advertising agents q Nerso
tna trss dor 2s s;tstaetoFy re.ts from
in Negro papers THIS snmmon sn sed 81 no---.
sighted firms ia, van, p-o@c'y, o-f are 1nn.@rg q
]. or experience. ana the experience y NOS c.aer
Negro rsvspaper Publishers ma ire mos. e~-f-
establishments. regardless ~ taose
they sfte- =. Trey srow adseri-ing pays.
Sore Nsxr7ss ea boast 'aa: tney do not read ~
failure N@yro newspapers nars ;nem .sr more
than n--s ts- -rses ,sors
Soor4- .s,e- ,r=se individuals ~, s-ster .te'r
error -ssret- ara ~:.l repent, LEI rope IN.
r.s- rat - q or..- N-g@1.ne- a J~me.
Fls-,S nss r-.,sF nssnatng sr scse Emitted Ire
Emsr,tsa, Tfe Negro Press We Q.ote from .A
artiese re 1ry sgrf{aa. rafsgFaprs:
i.,s otnsr Amercar r-~.p pers. ;ne<e l,sbt~sca
~ Negroes re- ,rer ~ pspc e4nsJre Sort.res
me- ere damned me damned. !: .ney dan-
T7ef srs cr'ic'zed tor beng 70 sensational ~ zoo
7ere are some Negroes ~no pride themselves II never
seac X Negro paper ~ sn@T .aft.
Nfarly one and one-fsk milton Negro FAME. d.
ilv Nrgro newspapers every w+e. ne ard
~ trs scter ser< wang - b-y s,aee ard NJ
gro ayers rave bsen ate expand Wren Negroes
sd'sr-ss more and ~nen NeAoes READ psp~r>
rcepsrden. bit .or re SAKE 90 lin ~ro4e
said "a ~ MORAN N@gr aver ,o-saf re
asn regss,Ar. Ever sav4r.ers fre.er .are ae,ys-
paper n neat-.need one Vr.fa r+s@r ra,-. now.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1938-07-23
- '"i"HfD stts.k--
Children At Play

i'me snf tine again ne ocvi-
"iis fae' n4. b+er re-em9ha ed
~ ne police D.pss'men, hat The
r-te.'rian thar ventures mo the
vf-@' te>~~@n .n'ers~. sons has
Only hinseif q blame y no Is ~
oy psssing automobile
Es@n he Inos' careful driver.
ri'h his attention on o'he csrx.
can not n expected 70 see every
pedestrian who dar's our from he
're'r sAsked vehl, ies md dsshe-
ior ne other Cufb
yon a. an adult pedestrian AL
possible driver Viii sgsee although
sou might not ai~sys % me cor
seet or SIC hing yonfs4f White
waking hut hy al means you
should.
Safety "a hshi' thu -irGid bs
cultivated IN the minds % eyesv-
ans Noi ones own sefeiy a.one
should 'his habit he cillivs'sf
hut M ~ consideration 10 Others
lhsf suffer as The result ~ 'hsse
feciden'- For Instance When an
fCoD,inued on page le)
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1938-07-23
EDITORIAL PAGE No. ~.: :.:.,''
THE DEATH or JAMES WELDON JOHNSON
fBy Herman J. D. Carter Per FNS)

No more will hear your duleet voice.
And see that smile. so radiant and serene
Since God Your Maker. said you're His next choice
Then made you sleep
An eternal sleep.
And your pen has stroked It's last ..-..-.
No more will see your jovial strolls
And sturdy poise. suant and erect.
Since Gods eternal death-bei loudly tolled-
Calling your soul.
Your precious soul
Ard your pen has stroked its last.
For us lis grief: but you. how bright the crown,
purer than gold. and waiting at the gates.
Who an now your earthly peerless gown
With such effect;
Yes.-such effect.
Since your pen has stroked It's last-......
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1938-07-23
Where Is The Negro Heaven?
~, Nell, Miller,

len i ne ceniss q The Negro
ctnte c~hsrei and night life. Ne
rfo az music AMI poetry rsfists
ton. this c>nfer Negro authors
srd creative writers are rarely
to1nt outside ~ Harlem. where we
tsno srcs Nsfk1y coprtss Gu
len cora Hoasion Jessie Fssss'.
~ T. = DUBOIS md ne late
-emes wsidoa johnson Our hes,
iuisis-e-s output does NOT focus
!, Ha~zFd I-.acoln o. Fisk. bu, in
Harlem
Ia 1nz' sr>l,sis wherever The
hixn@st -: sssiou - genius ~ any
- op.e aSas - hon. thar viii be
heir hesven How long Vii
nesh.rxion - content 70 enda-s
'ns sel.o>ch md permit Harlem
.o .i@si af- ire and wear her
ro~nt
"A coIoREp JUDGE
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1938-07-23
EDITORS
NAIL


II7V 7E
D.-o r man.
I,s.4a Mieh.rsn
,.4n.,en4-
nav. 80 ro n.,4, sor ~.
.. 80 4s ana bsxs snund a
Is 80 r. r,4~.ss,nr ,musinx
r 4as e...<ln,nr ds,.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1938-07-23

NeRibgtars
In he ccnduc, 81 his affairs.
every person "a under legal durv %
sey wi'h care and fore,hcushr. The
breach OF this duty 10 called neg
hEenes. and Il injury results 10
another caused BY . VIOLATION ~,
This dnty. me one in fault ma Ne
h.ld secon1rsbls in an action -
is~ Hts motives or intentions are
not material II there ia an inic-v
snd a failure 10 act carefully.
Nsst Ne Pr.rlnafe Casse
No matter how serious me IN
jury Or how directly i, NAV he
Traced home 10 The defendant. ststi.
Il he exercised reasonable care TO-
ward the injured party. and his
eorduct wss that II an ordinarily
ruben, man under all the circun-
stances ne IL not liable a. all. and
~s have case Of pure seciden'. As
he law does not require anyone
10 guarantee 10 Others that no IN
jsry will ever result from hi. con-
ouc'. so before person can
n held liable. II must he found
that his negligence g. The prcxf-
mate cause Of The injury. Ths, Is
VIA, The lsv looks al. n the Law
.coked AZ remote causes. ihere
would be no place where The ll1e
OF liability could be drawn.
For instance. II IL the duty OF =
man 10 have proper brakes on nj.
automobile this IL required Nv
common law. as well - by The
sS'u'es OF nearly every state. And
u he is driving without proper
brakes and his car should pass .
led light. or jump curb and ~.
into person. the coufts will sav
ne WAS negligent in drivinr with
defective brakes. 4 il then or.v
nscesssry TO show that such neglI-
ssnes was the proximate direct,
cause ~ the injury.
Injuries Infinitely Varied
The injuries that are kno~n %
funsn experience are Infinitely
varied. ranging from loss Of nra-
i"ris 70 loss OF health. from T., T.
vre 10 deliver telegram 10 deilv-
cry OF an article which 10 known
I" be dangerous or noxions. 10 an
other person without notice OF q,
naiHrs and qualities. For example
n~glifen, preparations or labelling
OF druEs or other articles in,enisi
70 affect human life. etc.
While l realize thar In /. sin-l.
sr'icle cannot oven begin IN
name the kinds OF harm 10 another
for which person may be held
toun'abie Cor feel that the
above can 40 a considerable d,s-
lance toward enligh;enlng nj,
h+ld 81 our civilization 10 nv read
ers. The Law deals with man in al
his relations ercep, those strictly
social or religious. and Ia civiiix-
90 country. no one can live outsid
The law any more than he can out
SIDE the atmosphere SO there