Evening star., 1938-11-22
By ANDRUE BERDING,
Associated Press StaiI Writer.

Associated Press Stan Writer.
A Pan-American pact of peace,
linking the nations of the Western
Hemisphere, may develop at the
Pan-American Conference at Lima,
Peru.
Secretary of State Hull and other
members of the American delegation
will discuss project to unity all the
inter- American peace instruments
now existing and to weld them into
q coherent unit.
President Roosevelt's idea of
continental defense scheme, embrace
Ing Canada and the 81 American
republics, gives added point to the
discussion.
Our next-door neighbor, Mexico,
has prepared peace code which ex-
perts are now studying, and will sub
NIT 1t to the Lima conference. Copies
have already been sent to all the
American republics for examination.
The Mexican Ambassador to the
United States, Francisco Castillo Ma
jera. will be at Lima, as chairman
Of the Mexican delegation, to push
the project. He is believed to have
the sympathy of the American dele
cation with regard to a great major
ity Of the points in the code.
Sanctions Procedure.
The Mexican peace code aims to
include in single document all the
elements capable of promoting peace,
such as conciliation, arbitration and
international justice. It also con-
tains q definition of the aggressor
and a procedure for applying sane
tons.
Application of sanctions, in the
event OF an attack by an outside
power on any Latin American coun-
try. would enable the american
states to help the United States in
enforcing the Monroe Doctrine.
II the Lima conference agrees on
. definition of the aggresSor and
on application of sanctions, it will
have gone further than any previous
Pan-American conference. Signifl-
cantly, both Brazil and Bolivia also
have submitted methods for ascer-
tanning who is the aggressor in a
conflict between nations, and def
milton is also contained in the pro-
posal for a league of American ma
tons submitted by Colombia and
tho Dominican Republic.
Stronger Bond Seen.
Bolivia, Colombia and the Domin-
ican Republic have also advanced
proposals for diplomatic and eco
nomic sanctions against an aggres-
sor, hence these two points will have
considerable support, provided the
minor variations existing among the
various proposals can be ironed out.
The conference may unite the
PAn-American States even more, If
agreement is reached on the creation
OF an 1nter-American Court of In
ternational Justice and on declara-
ton with regard to the non-recogni-
ton Of territory acquired by force.
The Court Of International Justice,
. kind Of Pan-American Supreme
Court, has been discussed at the last
four Pan-American Conferences. The
Lima Conference will have before it
projects from Mexico, Panama and
Peru, and the idea of the court is
contained in the Colombian and
Dominican proposal.
The Central American States of
Costa Rica, Salvador, Guatemala
and Nicaragua have signed declar-
alton Of intention to back every
effort to found such court.
Nom n-Recognition.
The declaration refusing to recog-
nize territory taken by force would
seek to embrace and codify the sew
eral agreements already reached on
this point among the American
States.
A convention reached at the last
Pan-American Conference at Mon
tevideo in 1888 provided for nom
recognition not only of territory
acquired by force but also of terri
tory obtained through threat or any
other effective coercive measure.
The United States has a consid-
cradle interest in this point because
she has not recognized Japan's
conquest of Manchukuo or Italy's
conquest of Ethiopia and is not rec
ognizing the puppet states Japan is
setting up in China. In view of the
fact that Europe's democracies,
Great Britain and France, have
recognized Italian Ethiopia. discus
sion of non-recognition at this time
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