davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1938-06-26
D. c. DOWN TO Sd
|NLN|NG COSTS
Detroit and Minneapolis
Set Pace-MobiIe Figure
Lowest in u. S.

Washington has dropped from the
most expensive city in the country in
1885, considering all-around living
costs. to third place. a study compiled
by the w. p. A. and the Bureau Of
Labor Statistics revealed yesterday.
But housing cost in the Capital
remains by far the highest.
The figures released by Relief Ad-
ministrator Harry L. Hopkins showed
the general cost of living higher in
Detroit than in any other city. Mo-
bile was the least expensive.
The study showed a manual Ia
borer's family could live for s3l7 less
in Mobile than in Detroit.
1t would cost such a family, at
maintenance level" 81 l.461 40 a year
to live in Detroit, $l,447.64 in Min
neapolis, the second most expensive
city. and 81 AL ,04 in Washington.
The Mobile figure was s1,1443l.
1857 for Housing.
Housing in Washington would cost
this family s35749. In the second
city. Detroit. lodging would amount to
S321.48: in New York, $306.92. Mo-
bile also is lowest. in housing, with
$17353.
The figures were drawn from March
IS prices in 81 cities.
Living costs will play part in the
wage-fixing that eventually will be
done under the new wage and hour
law
Mobile was the only city Of the
group studied which fell below $1,000
year. Seven other Southern cities
ranged between $1,000 and $1,000 a
year. They were Birmingham, Hous-
ton, Jacksonville, Memphis, New Or
leans. Norfolk and Richmond. At
lanta was Just across that line with
$1,306.
In other sections, the cities in which
living costs were less than 81 300 were
Denver, Indianapolis, Kansas City
and Portland, Me.
$1,3o0-S1, 400 Class.
Those in which costs ranged be-
tween $1,000 and $1,400 a year were
Philadelphia, Pittsburgh. Portland
(Oreg). st. Louis. Scranton, Balti-
more. Boston. Buffalo. Cincinnati, Los
Angeles and New York.
Other cities in which it cost between
$1.400 and $500 year to live were
Chicago. Cleveland and San Francisco.
Food costs were highest in New York
and lowest in Memphis, Tenn. Jack
sonville, Fla. was second highest in
food prices.
Expenditures for clothing were
greatest in Cleveland and lowest in
Mobile.
Minneapolis was highest in light and
fuel costs, with an average Of 3124.09,
the only city reporting more than 500
for this item Houston was lowest with
| q cost Of 1859.
Evening star., 1938-06-26

effected, it would mean a credit to
the District revenues of about $90,-
900 a year.
The fees Of these two offices are
now credited entirely to the United
States.
Maj. Donovan said he expects the
Controller General to rule that legis-
lation must be obtained to acquire this
division Of fees. adding that in that
event. he would recommend to the
Commissioners that the corporation
counsel be instructed to prepare drafts
OF bills for introduction at the next
Congress to accomplish the purpose.
Evening star., 1938-06-26
D. c. BUGLE CORPS GETS
THIRD IN COMPETITION
American Legion Festival at
Colonial Beach Today With
Beauty Contest.

Washington's American Legion Drum
and Bugle Corps placed third in
competition with other units yesterday
at an American Legion festival ut
Colonial Beach. Danville's corps took
first place and Baltimore second.
Speakers at the festival, attended
by 5000 members from the District,
Maryland and Virginia, included Bruce
T. Bair, Maryland Department COM
mander; Raleigh M. FELTON,. Virginia
commander; Wilmar O'Flatery, ma
tional executive committeeman from
Virginia; Thomas L. Hunter, news
paper columnist, and Robert Insko.
former Virginia commander.
The festival opened Friday. It will
close today with . beauty contest.
Evening star., 1938-06-26

at the Grafton
Hotel. Divin e
S C e nee was
established here
q few years ago
by the Rev. Grace
Lightfoot Patch,
who came from
the home church
and college at
Denver. Colo. The
Rev. Carrie F.
NUM- Of the Di-
vine Science Or
ganization at
Denver will de-
liver the gradua-
Evening star., 1938-06-26
'Keep.Fit' College.

Britain's first government keep fit''
college. the National College for
Physical Training. will be opened
early next year near Merstham, Eng
land.
Evening star., 1938-06-26

"Life's Challenge to You" Mr. Patch
will present diplomas to the following
graduates: Horace Aston. Gordana
Ashton. Raymond G. Faus, William
Humphreys, Grace Williams. Silvia
Wentworth. Addie Peoples, Mathilde
Rochon. Florence Frisbee. Carolyn
Mellichampe and Wilbur H. Simonson.
Evening star., 1938-06-26
PROMISES SUPPORT
Railway Labor Executives I
Back Presidents Program.

George M. Harrison, chairman Of
the Railway Labor Executives Asso-
citation, yesterday promised the sup
port Of organized railroad labor to
President Roosevelt in his program to
restore normal business activity.
Mr.. Harrison added an appeal to
railroad managers to abandon their
program Of wage cutting and economic
sabotage"
Evening star., 1938-06-26
Reports on National Convention
to Be Made Tuesday,

Reports on the recent national con-
vention Of the Communist party Of
America will be made at an open
meeting to be held Tuesday at 8 pm.
at 500 @ street NV. The meeting
IL sponsored by the Young Communist
League Of Washington. Summer plans
Of the league also viii be revealed and
there will be entertainment.
Evening star., 1938-06-26
DIVINE SCIENCES
GRADUATION SET
Diplomas Will Be Awarded at
Commencement Exercises on
Wednesday Night.

The new Divine Science College will
hold its first graduation at 8 pm.
Wednesday in the church auditorium
Evening star., 1938-06-26
COMMUNIST meeting

(See PLANS, Page B-2.)
White Bluffs spokesman. [volume] (White Bluffs, Wash.) 1907-1938, 1938-04-15
Silk Patchwork for the Guest Room

A LETTER comes from read
\ err enclosing rough sketches of
stitches from a silk patchwork
quilt. She writes, ri inherited this
quilt from a great aunt and it is
the final touch of luxury in my
guest room. 1t never occurred to
me that I could make one like it
until saw your article about
patchwork stitches in the paper.
l am following your advice about
using an old wool blanket as
foundation-only I am using the
best parts of several worn blan-
kets. ]. plan to join the blanket
sections with whipped seams and
then arrange my final patches
along the Jennings"
Depend upon a modern home
maker to figure out efficiency
methods! And here are the
stitches she sends. The many
hued silk, satin, and velvet pieces
are first pinned or basted to the
foundation with Tapped edges
turned as shown here. If you
would like to know how to make
more of the fascinating stitches
used to sew the pieces in place,
you will find them in the new
book offered below. Be among
the first of your friends to make
one of these gay quilts. 1t is the
smart thing to use one anywhere
that you would use an afghan.
Collecting and arranging the lux
urious bits of silk and inventing
new embroidery stitch combina-
tons is just about the most ex-
citing of all the new revivals of
Victorian home arts.
NOTE: Mrs. Spears latest book
on SEWING-Gifts and Embroid-
ery-is now ready. Ninety en-
broidery stitches are illustrated;
White Bluffs spokesman. [volume] (White Bluffs, Wash.) 1907-1938, 1938-04-15
Strange Facts
\ No Such Thing 7
. As a Tree Q

REEs are the, oldest things on
= earth. You have seen hun
dreds Of them. They grow in
great abundance in all but a few
sections Of the United States. Yet
there is no such thing as a tree
as a matter of scientific classifi-
cation.
This oldest living thing gives
us not only shelter, food and heat,
but such strangely wide variety
of products as clothing material,
furniture, paper, rubber, dyes,
chewing gum, rosin, turpentine
and alcohol. Because trees pro-
vide for so many of mans needs
and because they live for hun
dreds, sometimes thousands of
years trees have figured in the
folklore and religions of many ma
tons. The Algonquin Indians and
the early peoples of Scandinavia
both believed that their ancestors
were descended from an ash tree.
We use the word tree to refer
to the giant sequoias and red
woods of California, we use it to
refer to the great oaks and
beeches of America and Europe
and to the slender palm and the
little fig tree. But as matter of
scientific classification there is no
such thing as a tree because the
word may be given with equal &C
curacy to any plant ten feet tall
that grows with a singly woody
step and lives more than two
years.
g Britannica Junior.
White Bluffs spokesman. [volume] (White Bluffs, Wash.) 1907-1938, 1938-04-15

effective 80. enabling It to gently brush
away unsightly surface-stains... restor-
ing teeth to their full natural radiance.
Pepsodent with Irium is fhorough...yet
utterly SAFE. It contains NO BLEACH,
NO GRIT, NO puM1cEl Try It'll
White Bluffs spokesman. [volume] (White Bluffs, Wash.) 1907-1938, 1938-04-15
Why . an Oil PoIish7

And here, home-makers, is
why; The oil element in polish is
absolutely essential to all fine
wood! For the same reason that
we oil neutrality-suspicious. our
plants-massage cream into the
facets oil polish used! The same
principle applies-for wood def
nitely requires this attention to
keep it "alive!" The best oil pol
ish has a fine, non-greasy oil base
and it is just this-when rubbed
or massaged into the furniture
that prevents the wood from
checking, drying out, splitting or
cracking. Furniture will not do
any of these things, when cared
for-and it is the combination of
the "oip' and the rubbing" that
prevents it! For the quality oil
polish "feeds" the hungry finish
keeps the wood young! Other pol
ishes may give quick, easy-to-
achieve luster-but little time
and energy Git should not be la
bor) on the part of the housewife,
will pay dividends in the looks and
long life of her furniture and
woodwork. All experts agree that
an oil polish properly used (apply
on damp cloth-as directed) is not
only better-it is vital! And so,
home-makers, take this important
tip: Always use an oil polish-and
the best one!
White Bluffs spokesman. [volume] (White Bluffs, Wash.) 1907-1938, 1938-04-15
Indium, Rare Metal, Gives
Bearings Longer Life

New York. -Indiun, few years
ago chemical curiosity, extracted
with great difficulty from rare min.
erals, is now a full-hedged indus
trial metal, with an ever-expanding
use as an alloying agent for bear.
ing metals.
Motor bearings, resisting millions
of revolutions during the life of a
car, are now being made even
tougher. c. F. Smart, General Mo.
tors engineer, reported to the Amer.
lean Institute of Mining and Metal
lurgical Engineers here, by plating
the bearing surface with indium.
This surface coating makes the
bearing metal resistant to corrosion
by the acid oils now in common use
in motor cars.
Until recently, babbitt metal, an
alloy of tin, anthony and copper.
was used for most high-speed bear
ings. Today, bearings are lined with
misrepresentation. cadmium.
nickel, and cadmium zinc alloys,
which are later electropiated with
indiufa, increasing their resistance
to oil corrosion.
White Bluffs spokesman. [volume] (White Bluffs, Wash.) 1907-1938, 1938-04-15
@ Science service.-W Nu Service.
Pigs and Goats Are
Serious Problems
for the Hawaiiians
By DIR. FRANK THONE

BY DR.. FRANK THONE
New York. Hawaii seems
to have been a paradise that
escaped the trampling hoofs
and devouring mouths of the
Age Of Mammals almost en-
tirely until the coming of
that most troublesome of all
mammals-Man. To intro
auctions and changes wrought
by human agency are trace
able most Of the damage and
destruction to the unique
vegetation of the islands.
Some of these disturbances were
described before the North Amer.
lean Wildlife conference at its Balti-
more meeting by Samuel H. Lamb.
assistant park naturalist of Hawaii
National park. Although MIR. Lamb
confined his discussion to problems
within the national park bound
aries, he stated that in many ways
these are typical of conditions for
the countryside at large.
The only mammal that seems to
have found its own way to Hawaii
unaided by man is the bat, The
original brown-skinned immigrants
brought dogs and perhaps pigs, and
they may have carried rats and
mice as stowaways. Other students
of the problem believe that the pigs,
rats and mice date from supposed
visit by the Spaniards in the Six
teenth century. Goats were brought
by Vancouver in 1894, and other
livestock came later.
Destroy the Vegetation.
Of them all, most destructive to
Hawaiian native vegetation are
goats and pigs. escaped from do
mestication and now living as wild
animals in the rough, wild interior
in part thickly forested, in part
grassland and semi-desert lava
fields. Goats are notorious every
where as destructive feeders. Pigs
are even worse, for they root I'M
derground, devouring bulbs and
rootstocks, and breaking the ground
cover to give alien grasses and
weeds a chance to gain roothold.
Efforts to save at least part Of
the native vegetation include goat
tight fences around selected areas,
followed by concerted drives to
eliminate the feral animals within
them. In broken lands where fenc
ing cannot be carried out, the only
thing that appears practicable is to
permit and even encourage whole
sale shooting of goats and pigs.
White Bluffs spokesman. [volume] (White Bluffs, Wash.) 1907-1938, 1938-04-15

also table settings, crochet; en-
broidery designing; fabric repair
ing; novelty gifts and dress ac-
cessories. Forty-eight pages of
step-by-step directions. Available
to readers who will send name
and address and enclose Is cents
(coin preferred). Just address
Mrs. Spears, 2l0 S. Desplaines St.,
Chicago, Ill.
White Bluffs spokesman. [volume] (White Bluffs, Wash.) 1907-1938, 1938-04-15
Elevator Fee

Many apartment houses, hotels
and office buildings in European
countries charge their elevator
passengers for riding both up and
down, the fee averaging about
three cents in American money
for round trip.-Collier's Weekly.
White Bluffs spokesman. [volume] (White Bluffs, Wash.) 1907-1938, 1938-04-15
When It Hurts

Old Lady (to parachutist)-1 really
don't Know how you can hang from
that silk thing. The suspense must
be terrible.
Parachutist-No, ma'am. It's
when the suspense amt there that
it's terrible.
White Bluffs spokesman. [volume] (White Bluffs, Wash.) 1907-1938, 1938-04-15
And Keep the Change

Customer (telephoning) - Say,
three of those apples you sent me
Yesterday were rotten. I'm going to
bring 'em back.
Grocer-Thats all right, madam.
You needn't return them. Your word
is as good as the apples.
White Bluffs spokesman. [volume] (White Bluffs, Wash.) 1907-1938, 1938-04-15
Uncle Phil a.
&Y: TAM
Mature Is Kind

INQlAI = 10 t<illA
1t is said that eating dulls the
sense of hearing temporarily. Ma
lures antidote to after-dinner ora
tory?
If we could see ourselves as
others see us, the world would be
made up of many more pessi-
mists.
The worm will turn, but only to
take flight in new direction.
A Crying Need
We may not be our brothers.
keeper, but when we read the
newspapers it does seem as if he
needed one.
A cat, who has varied vocali-
cation of her own, doesn't think
much of the canary's.
Your best advice to your friend
is to tell him after he has made
up his mind that that is what YOU
would have advised.
White Bluffs spokesman. [volume] (White Bluffs, Wash.) 1907-1938, 1938-04-15
Absolutely o. X.

A boy was about to purchase a
seat for a movie in the afternoon.
The box office man asked, why
aren't you in SCHOOL,"
20. it's all right sir" said the
voungster earnestly, GIVE got mea.
sles."
White Bluffs spokesman. [volume] (White Bluffs, Wash.) 1907-1938, 1938-04-15
Iriun contained in BOTH Pepsodent Tooth Po.uder
and Pepsodent Tooth Paste

. Thank your lucky stars-that Pepso-
dent now contains remarkable lriuml
For this wonderful new cleansing agent
found only in Pepsodent - promises
your smile new beautyl
For Irium makes Pepsodent extra
White Bluffs spokesman. [volume] (White Bluffs, Wash.) 1907-1938, 1938-04-15

When the system becomes
clogged with poisons as the re-
suit Of constipation, quick re-
lief may be had by taking
Wright's Indian Vegetable
Pills. Reliable remedy for
nearly a century. Csc a box at
druggists or Wright's Pill Co.,
100 Gold ST., N. Y. City.
The times-news., 1938-12-02
NEWSPAPERS OPINIONS
MOTION OF DISMISSAL

Tudpine bv the opposition which 1t has already
encountered. with Senator Clark, of Missouri, the
most recent to voice dsapproval, Secretary of Ag-
rcrIture Wallace's latest innovation the two-prce
svsten. appears likely to die a-bOrning. S.,
Tho agricultural head is full of great and noble
;5oos however much some of them may lack of
rractical application When farm control was un-
dor consideration, Mr. Wallace broached grandi-
oso ;daa for an ever-normal granary which would
bava streamlined Josephs ancient plan for modern
utilization. Authority for such an undertaking was
a. u,a recall embodied in the farm measure; but
+bere If has subsequently, rested while the problem
which il was designed to meet has grown more and
more acute under mounting crop surpluses.
Of q similar stripe have We conceived the two
nriced idea to be from the moment of ITS sugges-
tion No one will accuse Mr.. Wallace of having
ANYTHING hut the noblest and purest of motives.
Those who were financially able would simply pay
more for their goods and commodities; those on
rerief or from the low-wage classes would be al
lowed concessions in accordance with the state o1
+ba;, rockatbook But neither the big-hearted
+o.,, Of agriculture nor any of his aides explained
Lor, s,,cb . nIan was to work. BY what tests and
s+ordards were the buyers to be classified? How
,oo s+orakeepers to know or sell their goods? How
,os tho 1orrnrice deficit to be made up? How were
bargain-hunters, who thrive just as profusely
anonost the well-to-do as amongst the more un-
for+unate to he fought off the cheaper commodi-
ties? Mr.. Wallace appeared to be inviting all va
retes of trouble for himself, his department, the
federal treasury and the nations merchandisers
upon whom the actual handling of the plan, in its
public contacts and disgruntlements, would neces-
sarily fall.
Senator Clark, prominently mentioned as Dem
ocratic presidential possibility after his overwhelm-
ing reelection early last month supplies what
should be the coup de grace for the proposal in
this much more seriously considered warning: "ln
theory it's probably all right to charge millionaire
more for farm product than the poor devil in the
street The difficulty is where to draw the line.
There could be no greater provocatlon of class
hatred" And if there is anything that this country
needs it is assuagement, rather than further fam
ming of the class consciousness and hatred which
have already been developed in its midst. Thus
motion is in order to bury Mr.. Wallace's two-price
system under that air-acstle granary which has
never been erected Greensboro News.
The times-news., 1938-12-02
COMING TO THE POINT ON IVA

At long last the congressional committee lnvestl-
eating the Tennessee Valley Authority is getting
to the question that is the nub of the inquiry. InS
is the issue of whether the IVA is or ever should
be a genuine yardstick for power rates in the rest
of the country.
This is said not because representatives OF the
electrical utility companies are now taking the
stand, but because the question raised In their
criticism and the TWAS expected answer is funda-
mental to the fairness of any competition between
government-owned hydroeectric plants and private
ly owned generating facilities. c. w. Kellogg, pres
dent Of the Edison Electric Institute asserted that
IVA is not true yardstick because it has failed
to charge itself with at least four items of cost
which enter into the operation of comparable pri-
ate projects and which in the case of IVA the
general taxpayers absorb ....
These items are: (D The full cost of navigation
Improvement except only the lock; (2) interest on
the investments CD depreciation of the structures
and (4) taxes during and after construction. A
private company building dam gets no credit for
benefits of the dam to navigation, but IN the case
of IVA large part of the total cost is allocated
to this purpose, Mr.. Kellogg points out.
AS to interest, the public project is entitled to
some benefit from the fact that the government can
borrow money at a lower interest rate than can a
corporation but utility project ought at least to
pay the rate of interest the government pays for
the money, and it would be fairer to estimate the
rate that would apply if IVA had to borrow on its
own credit. AS to taxes the amount IVA charges
itself is described merely nominal"
While the IVA is yet to put in its case, it's posi-
ton is already fairly clear from its regular reports
On the evidence at hand it appears that the cleo
trical industry has proved at least substantial
portion of its charge that the so-caled yardstck is
something less than yard long There are firm
friends of TVA who aver that from the first the
yardstick theory was falacy and misnomer that
IVA is justified other grounds than as test
for the fairness of utility rates.
In any event, iva sponsors cannot have it both
ways. If the project is to be subsidized for its So
cial benefits, it cannot honestly be described as a
yardstick If 1t is to be yardstick the costs should
be calculated on basis rigidly comparable with
those of the private electrical power industry. The
present investigation ought to bring about clari-
fcation of policy in this respect-Christian Science
Monitor
The times-news., 1938-12-02
BY JOHN T. FLYNN
NEA Service staff Correspondent

NEW YORK.-As the United
" States turns her eyes toward
South America in search of what
President Roosevelt calls Ameri-
IAN continental solidarity" there
IS one danger which seems to be
overlooked.
One of the commonest of human
irailties is found in the perversity
with which men flee from imagi-
nary perils into the arms of real
ones. At present an immense
noise fills the ears about the Ger
man menace in South America.
This is set up as giant enemy to
be met and conquered. And so
much energy is developed to meet
and overcome this ogre that we
give NO thought to the great ser
pent coiled in the bushes which is
the real danger.
The trouble in our South
American approach is to be found
in our confusion of the terms
"Nazism" and "FasciSm." Thev
are continually used interchange
ably. Hence the discussion as to
whether South America has gone
Nazi or Fascist becomes obscured
in a good deal of fog.
South America is not Nazi, is
not going Nazi and probably
never will. But South America is
going Fascist.
Fascism represents a new ap-
proach to the solution of the diff
cultieS of capitalism. 1t is a form
of social government in which the
state attempts to organize and
plan and control the economic life
of the people.
The essence of it is the division
between the economic life and the
purely political life. The latter is
still entrusted to direct state serv-
ants, political officials and even a
political legislature. The former
the economic life-iS entrusted di-
rectly to the representatives of
business organized into groups and
empowered to make rules and
regulations affecting production,
prices, competition, investment,
etc.
The times-news., 1938-12-02
9 Naval Captains,
In Line For Rank
OF Rear Admiral
79 Commanders Are Mc,
commended for Elevation
to Captaincies

WASHINGTON, Dec. .. (UP)
The navy department announced
last night that President Roose-
welt had approved recommends
tions for promotion of nine cap
tains to the rank of rear admiral
and 70 commanders to the rank
Of captain.
The promotions were recon-
mended by the navy selection
board which met here November
- under the presidency Of ,Ad-
miral Claude c. Bloch, cOmrhan-
der in chief of the fleet. O.
1t was pointed out. however,
that no promotions will actually
occur until vacancies exist.
Captains who were recommend
ed for promotion to rear admir-
al include:
John Morris Smeallie, chief Of
staff and aide to the commander
of the fleet scouting force.
Robert Lee Ghormley, office Of
the chief Of naval operations,
Washington.
William Lowndes Calhoun,
chief Of staff and aide to the
commander Of the fleet battle
force.
Russel Wilson, naval attache,