davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1938-12-05
Japanese Reported
5he||ine Pakhoi
Near |ndo-China
.Attuck Presoses New
Landing by Troops
On South coost
BACKGROUND

sAckGRotND-
JapanesS troops, inpuding South
China IN October. Quickly cap
twed Casfon and later entered
HamkosO, propisionaI capital far
up Yanqtk Riucr. Since then
japanese 0'my has been fighting
,Dest OF C6,ton and along Can
ton -Hankor Rsil,pay tn effort to
~~itc so1hevn aud southern
forces.
- the Assoeisl leA 1fsss.
SHANGHAI, Dee. s-Chinese re-
ports todaydeclared japanese war
ships massd in the Gulf Of Tong
king were. thelIing Pakhoi. 10 miles
east Of the French Indo- China bor-
der. possibly presasing = new jap
Anese larx1ins In South China.
Invasios Of Kwangd Province, ly-
ing between Canton and the French
colony, is expected by Chinese mill
tary authorities who believe the
japanese thus Will attempt to out
flank ChtDa's defense forces.
Pakloi 12o miles south Of Nam
ming, the capital Of Kwangsi, and
is that psovince's rail outlet to the
sea.
Fighting in West River Region.
Severe fighting occurred today in
the West River region which is ex-
pected 10 be the route OF an over
land attack on Kwangsi northwest
from Canton.
The first important city along that
route Is Wushan, just within the
Kwangd border, where several
Americans are stationed. They in
clude Or. and Mrs. Robert Beddoe,
Dallas, Tex; w. l.. Wallace, Knox
vile, Tenn, and Ray Rex. White
wright, Tex.
Chinese authorities ordered the
evacuation of Pakhoi and nearby
Luaichow in expectation of a Japa-
nese landing, and rushed reinforce
ments to defend the area.
U. 8. Gunboat Leaves Hankow.
The United States gunboat Luzon,
flagship of the American Yangtze
River patrol, sailed from Hankow
early today as the first foreign war
ship permitted by the Japanese to
use the river since they gained con-
troll Of the waterway.
Japanese naval ships provided an
escort for the 585- mile journey. 1t
was announced the gunboat Monoc-
acy, which also has been bottled up
in the river, would remain at Kiu-
kiang pending efforts to remove "a
Americans marooned at Kuling. l30
miles southeast of Hankow, since
midsummer by warfare in the vicin-
ity.
The French sloop Admiral Char
ner was slated to sail from Hankow
and it was expected four British
guuboats would follow soon.
Evening star., 1938-12-05
Court
CONTINUED From First Page.)

>O~HASssAASN SAAA = ~ ot o6NI
action does not 60 so far as to con-
fer 4 punitive jurisdiction enabling
the board to inf1ict upon the en-
ployer any penalty it may choose
because he Is engaged in unfair
labor practices, even though the
board be OF the opinion that the
policies of the act might be efIectu-
ated by such an order"
The majority opinion also said
that the American Federation of
Labor afnliate and its locals "hav-
ing valuable and beneficial interests
in the contracts were entitled to
notice and hearing before they could
be set aside"
1t added that the Brotherhood
had not been given notice that the
validity Of the contracts were under
attack.
Entitled to Organize.
'The employees of the companies, )"
Mr.. Hughes said, are entitled to
self organizatio to join labor Or
ganiza tions and to bargain collec-
lively through representatives of
their own choosing.
The 80 per cent of the employees
who were members of the Brother
hood and its locals had that right
They had the right to choose the
Brotherhood as their representative
for collective bargaining and to have
contracts made as the result of that
bargaining.
Nothing that the employers had
done deprived them of that right
Nor did the contracts make the
brotherhood and its locals exclusive
representatives for collective bar
gaining. On this point the contracts
speak for themselves. They simply
constitute the brotherhood the COL
lective bargaining agency for those
employees who are its members. The
board by its order did not direct
an election to ascertain who should
represent the employees for collective
bargaining.
Right to Make Own Choice.
Upon this record there is nothing
10 show that the employees selection
as indicated by the brotherhood con-
tracts has been superseded by any
other selection by majority of en-
ployes of the companies so as to
create an exclusive agency for bar
gaining under the statute, and in the
absence of such an exclusive agency
the employees represented by the
brotherhood, even if they were a
minority, clearly had the right to
make their own choice.
Moreover, the fundamental pur-
pose of the act is to protect inter-
state and foreign commerce from in
terruptions and distractions caused
Evening star., 1938-12-05
Compensation
Continued From First PaRe.)

Jewel Tea Co. sustained loss of
81, ,l80 900 in 1920 on sales totaling
$500, 900. In 1924. he said, the
company instituted q profit sharing
plan and since then its profits have
dropped under the 81 900 900 mark
only in 1888, when the profit was
1909, 900.
He explained that the company
shares 20 per cent of all profits
above base earning figure Of s77O,-
600, which equals about $2.75 a
share on its common stock. AS this
stock Is selling for $40 on the market
this represents q 4 per cent return
on capital investment, he said.
Mr.. Friedlander said the company
was instituting q new profit sharing
plan by which employees would con-
tribute 81 to 81 q week out of their
salary, matched by a company con-
tribution, the total to 90 into a
trust fund to be paid the employees
on retirement.
Evening star., 1938-12-05

by industrial strife. This purpose
appears to be served by these con-
tracts in an important degree"
In another decision today the
Supreme Court approved the plan
OF the California insurance COM
missioner for rehabilitating the busi-
ness Of the Pacific Mutual Life In
surance Co. Of California by organiz-
ing new concern called the Pacific
Mutual Life Insurance Co.
William H. Neblett. Los Angeles
attorney, and three other policy
holders challenged the proposal, but
the reorganization was upheld by
the State Supreme Court.
Evening star., 1938-12-05
.Viroiniun Dies

PORTSMOUTH, Va, Dec. 5 LP.-
James R. Stewart, IS, former presi-
dent Of the Virginia Federation OF
Labor, died at a hospital here Sum-
day.
Funeral services will be held at
3 pm. tomorrow at the home.
Mr.. Stewart, also a former men,
ber of the Portsmouth City Council,
was we'll known throughout Virginia
Evening star., 1938-12-05

Argentina has authorized fixinx
OF wheat, corn and linseed prices.
Evening star., 1938-12-05
Ulster Council Sends
Roosevelt MESSAGE
By tha Associated Prsss

BELFAST, Dec. 5.-The Ulster
Anti-Partition Council sent Presi.
dent Roosevelt, Prime Minister
Chamberlain and Canadian and
Australian Premiers a warning yes.
terday that the North ireland situa.
ton was "fraught with grave dam
gers"
The council, which wishes to see
the six Northern counties Ulster)
Joined with 1relard, said recent Dor I.
der explosions showed there exists
disciplined and numerous body
Of men ready to risk their lives to
protest against the partition evil"
Evening star., 1938-12-05
Pope Plus Outdoors
First Time Since Illness

y The Associated Press.
VATICAN CITY, Dec. 5.-Pope
Plus XII went outdoors yesterday for
the f1rst time since he suffered q
heart attack November Is.
He spent an hour in the afternoon
riding In his automobile In the
Vatican gardens, his favorite recre.
alton.
There vAs 4 warm sun.
Evening star., 1938-12-05
Share in Peace Offered
kwonQsi by Joponese

kWEILIN, Kwangsi Province,
China, Dec. 4 Delayed (P).-This
southern province was offered q
share in "the peace OF East Asia"
today by Japanese propaganda leaf
let's dropped from the air after. q
Evening star., 1938-12-05
Some Type Uniforms

Uniforms Of the new Civic Air
Guard In Britain are Of the same
type for men End women.
Evening star., 1938-12-05
Kent Takes Lessons

: The Duke OF Kent IL taking lessons
In speech delivery to prepare HIM
self for his duties q governor gen.
eral Of Australia.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1938-09-03

your family income must he euf-
heient ~ pay the rem, and vet pro-
vide for other living expenses. ON
The other hand. your income must
MOI exceed Ave times The rent OF
the dwelling you propose TO oc-
cupy. Further, you must be In need
Of housing.
III you need home and II your
total fsmIlys are from $3.50 TO
$500 per week. APPLY now for
q dwelling In Brewster Home<.
You 10 not have 10 buy all new
furniture. nor will the lights be
turned out All tenants will have
the same civil and political rights
they posses in private buildings. II
IL not the intention OF the project
to make lot OF restrictions Which
would tend 10 Inconvenience the
tenants.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1938-09-03

roi' one man operation OF the
isfss type ~ csrs heing u-ed ne ?
would no very dangerous II would
also cause many transportation
men who have served their city
Faithfully fof many Years 10 lose
their iops
The presen, -y.,eAA seniority
nov in effect. which will he de-
s'royed by This amendment II pass
ed has been called The faircs, in
fores on .uy railway system in The
country II gives 10 every man a
choics ~ working on either coach
or slreet,ar dependent on his abil-
lily 70 qualify ana hi- length II
service.
The y. $. X. is the property Of
the citizens ~ Detroit n any losses
are Incurred through change OF
fare they must eventually he paid
by he taxpayers.
The msnagemeni ~ the u. :. Y.
he entire Detroit riiv Council. IN
daily DeiroIf papers The Detroil
'nizene' League all Labor orea
nizaiions and msnv experts on mu
nicfpsl matters have agreed sha,
'hs proposed amendment il viriou.
In ia form and i's objective. 1t
is urged Ina, this question be sci-
lied for all time by a decisive "NO'
vote.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1938-09-03

Hamtramck and the Crosse Pointe
communities like former editions.
and continuing the minimum list
ing age OF eighteen, the directory
carries S90.S40 names, which COM
pares with s50.96s In the 1885 d.
rectory and 910.592 In the 1887 book
according TO the publishers re-
cords. on the basis OF the number
OF names listed In the directory, the
publishers estimate the total pop
ulatIon OF the directory area at
1.904.17O. and that OF Detroit pro-
per at 1.749.255. The corresponding
estimated for 1895 were 1885
and 1.67l.61O. and for 1897, 1896
$3.50 and 1.7ss.69s.
The variety OF ite enterprises.
Detroit has lost only nineteen
groups during the past year. There
are now 1861 different kinds OF
commercial. Industrial and profess
isonal establishments and miscei-
laneous institutions, ranging al
phabetically from "Absttoirs" to
Geological Gardens" in the direc-
tory classified.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1938-09-03
MAKE YOUR VOTES COUNT

Large numbers of local colored citizens registered at
the CITY Hall before deadne last week in order TO be
qualified the primaries on Tuesday september
10.
Vital issues at stake in the election, and among
The numerous candidates seeking office some deserve TO
10 elected while others do not deserve our support
We shall not presume how other citizens snouid
r should not vote That decision which every voter
has right 10 make for himself and we have no patience
With that type individual of any race who tries 10 coerce
or vheede other people to vote the way ne wants them
q -
There many self-seeking politicians and sell
nponted leaders in midst, who doing our people
great harm by trying 10 convince unwary candidates
hat they carry their vest pockets and thar
they can deliver those votes to the highest bidder
There are of these socalled vest-pocket vote
arrers who 60 far TO tell office seekers that
not them advertise in Negro newspapers
AZ election time This not and candidates who act
mon the suggestions Of such individuals usually find out
their mistake. when il is too late.
The colored voters of Detroit and other cities OF
Michigan are not only determined that their votes shall
cunt they them al the polls but also that their
representative newspapers such as the Detroit Tribune
Shall he recognized and reckoned with.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1938-09-03
"No' Vote Urged
On Amendment |


Amendment 80. I - appssr IN
'hs hslio' A. 'hs coming PRIMARY
elsctior, sds' sepismner iGrn,
rs-apresrance NJ ne n. { n.
ssniori'v question in new form
T. :, bur another attempt nv a
mall minociiy group ~ deprive
our trans porfsiion operators ~
ius' seniority rights acquired
through wears ~ servics Twice
hsfers ms same pfoposa has been
,o'od npou and bo'h tims~ has
Neen rejected
This referendum IL not frank
presentation ~ me fare question
Il j. heinz nsed merely as bsi,
20 irsp Tho minimizing voter This
amendment seis flat rate for
street car fares that can't he
hanged II also compells the S'res;
Railroad Department ~ pay all
fail expenses oui ~ rail revenue
This mesns~~Jhs' u Insufficient
funds uers received from street
ar fsrss ei'hsr coaches would
have 70 replace stree csrs A. =
hizher rate NJ fare M me transfer
from car In coach 10 car would
nave 70 be abolished.
According 10 transportation er-
perts. one man operation would
slow down service on most lines
rom Ten 10 twenty minutes trip.
owning 10 The heavy traffic In De.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1938-09-03

anti-American than Negroes assum-
ing the resent the general treat
ment Of them by Jews. Congress-
man Dies committee could do we'll
To investigate the exploitation OF
and the Anti-Negro attitude OF his
Texas and general southern breth-
rem. Negroes have always been vic
Tins OF un-American treatment In
this country. | think II Is his reli-
gions duty. both 10 his country and
10 himself 10 begin al least 10 nm
derstand who are his friends and
who are not. and not to be fooled
by the propaganda OF FascIsm.
whether II he In Germany, Italy or
America. He owes II to America TO
make America safe for all people.
and II the Jew stands in the way
~ this. he should at least let the
world know that they do stand In
The way. know from experience
and actual contact. and from scien-
tihc investigation that most all
Jews disrespect most all Negroes
and are willing al any time without
apology to exploit Negroes
This rs not playing into The hand
Of Fascism. II IL plain common
sense. The Negro must stand ready
to fight the Nazis or the Fascist II
they be Hitler or Mussolini or any
one else that Is an enemy 10 the
realization OF American ideals. The
ideals are embodied In the declara-
ton OF rights and In the Constitu-
tion Of the United States. Negroes
have never enjoyed the benefits OF
these ideals. Let the Congressional
Committee prove It's sincerity by
seeing to II that the more than ten
million Negroes OF the South are
guaranteed citizenship rights and II
will strike at the root OF Fascism
and n-Americanism"
IA coLORED JUDGE
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1938-09-03
Minister Flags


upon them by the Christian church
from he early centuries Of The
christian era 10 this day. Imme-
diaicly following the adoption of
hris,ianity "a the state religion of
the Roman Empire. the Christian
church forced the Jew away from
The God ~ The Christians 10 de-
pendence upon types ~ scheming
FOR survival, which made him the
master of The world Of commerce
and The dominant force in world
banking So. the dollar became his
god and whoever does not respect
That god does not have the respect
OF me lew. Negroes IN general do
not know he power and Importance
~ money in capitalisfic civilization
Whenever and wherever the Jew
deals with Negroes. he exploits
him. have lived and pastored on
Hastings street In Detroit for six
wears. We have made several soci-
olosical surveys ~ our community.
Most all OF the stores on Hastings
Street. running for miles through
out the heart OF the city of Detroit.
are owned by Jews. a7,s Of tho
money spent on Hastings Street a
.pent nv Negroes. The Negro has
not shown sufficient aptitude TO
even get respectable jobs In these
stores. 10 say nothing about build
ing M competitive institutions In
the community. The Jew knows
that the Negro can he fooled with
inferior goods and that he will rent
and pay high prices for dilapidated
houses. and 60 the Jew goes on
bruislly using the Negro 10 advance
economic interests.
Certainly there are outstanding
Jews like julius RosenwaId who
have done fine things for the Ne
gro and for our country at large.
hui, such men do not represent the
general attitude OF the Jews toward
Negroes. Negroes must cease to
fool themselves in matters Of this
kind They must understand that
their destiny IL in their own hands.
The Negro has always been treat
ed as thing apart In America. He
need not he the tool OF Fascism be-
cause he expresses his attitude
against exploitation by any people.
There are a great many things
which the congressional committee
can investigate that are far more
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1938-09-03
THE SOCIAL WORKERS CONFERENCE

The fact that leaders OF the in social welfare
work are keenly alive the vital problems confronting
our people throughout the nation to-day is clearly ndca
cd bv the topics be discussed the Of the
forthcoming annual conference Of the National Urban
sue which will be held Green Pastures Camp. Sept
through Sept. s.. with the Detroit Urban League and
John G. Dancy hosts.
Outstanding social workers from nineteen different
will he attendance including such notabes
Eugene kinkle Jones' Lester Granger Jesse O. Thomas
Mrs Mary Mcleod Bethune. Elmer Carter and many
others
Among the topics to he discussed will be The South
ern Outlook Planning For Personal Efficiency, Coord
mating Public Service Job-Getting Through Pressure and
Cooperation and Employment and Shelter In the Federal
Housing Program.
Green Pastures Camp is an ideal place for holding
uch conference il generally recognized of
best-equipped efficiently managed camps Of
's kind in The country.
Under the leadership Of John Dancy and his able
taft of co-workers. it without saving pains Will be
pared to make the visitors threedays at Green Pas
lures Camp both pleasant and profitable
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1938-09-03

The following letters were re-
ceived by Congressman George G..
| Sadowski from Congressman
Arthur W. Mitchell Of ILL.,, and
Joseph A. Gavsgsn OF New York.
The congressman from III. and
New York praised Congressman
sadowski for his untiring efforts
and support given the Anti-Lynch-
Ing Bill when that bill was before
the House.
Congressman Sadowski is seek
ing reelection 10 Congress from
the Fret District on his past re-
cord and on a platform OF Preser-
walton OF American Democracy and
equality OF opportunity for all re-
gardless OF race. creed or color.
The Congressman was one Of the
strong advocates OF the wage and
hour Law and strongly opposed an.
differenfial in wages because OF
color.
The letters on the Anti-Lynching
Bills are as follows:
House OF representatives,
washington. d. c.,
June Is. 1898.
Hon. George G.. Sadowski.
House Of representatives.
Dear George. Before the adjourn
ment 81 the Sevenfy-hfth Congress
l wish 10 express 10 YOU my deep
appreciation for the splendid assis-
lance yon gave me in signing the
discharge petition on the Gavagan
anii-lynching bill III. r. 1907. and
for your loyal support and vote in
favor Of The bill when IL was An
ally enacted by the House on April
Is. 1897.
! know il Is matter Of regret
that this hill WAS not favorably
acted upon by the Senate. The tac-
tics Of that body in respect 10 this
legislation were deplorahle and are
q sad commentary npon constitu-
lional democratic legislative pro-
cedure Nevertheless. We who sup
ported The bill in the House may
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1938-09-03
A NON PARTISAN
NEWSPAPER
Pabst Beer Company Brewed
First Lager IS Years Ago

In 1851 the founding fathers Of
the Premier-Pabst Corporation
opened a new chapter in American
brewing history. They produced
the first bottom fermentation beer.
the first tremendously smooth,
true lager ever brewed In MIL
waukee.
The yeast used In making this
first Milwaukee lager was shipped
from brewery IN Bavaria.
The story is told by Max Fueger
German immigrant who had
learned the trade In the old coun-
try and who was assistant to Philip
Best. then serving as brewmaster
for his father, Jacob Best, founder
Of the Pabst Breweriee and great
grandfather OF the present Fred
Pabst.
Philip decided that he would
make the attempt to brew lag
er beer. II the yeast were good
enough to warrant the effort.
Finally the yesst came. 1t was
packed in strong wooden box
about a foot and a half square.
The yeast was packed In a.sort
OF sawdust, around which were
wound several folds Of hop
sacking. The wrapping was
carefully taken Off. and 10 the
astonishment OF all OF ne, the
yeast was found 10 be in good
condition. We took II 10 the top
OF the main building and allow
ed II TO dry out thoroughly.
Then we dissolved the whole
mass In pail and allowed 1t
10 run through sieve. which
held the sawdust and permitted
the yeast to pass into proper
receptacle below.
The capacity OF our ket-
tie in those adys was just
was just eighteen barrels, and
we calculated that yeast we
had was just about enough for
one brew. Neither Philip nor
slept very much while we were
trying the new yeast. hut II was
success. although we made
better lager after six months
than we did the first time. After
our first trial. we brewed top
fermentation beer at one brew
and the next brew was bot
tom fermentation beer"
Acting In the pioneering spirit,
thus exemplified by its founding
fathers way back In 1851, the Pre-
mier-Pabst Corporation has since
then again and again taken the in
itiative in leading the brewing
industry forward. Adv.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1938-09-03
Brewster Project
continued from Pare y

Continued from Pare -
when m. occupant paws his
rent there are no other bills un-
lees he puts " a telephone
we have prepared table Of
minimum incomes for fsmiliess-o OF
The lowest combinations which In
lcudes rent and living allowance
for a year. Two persons In two
rooms at Brewster. income OF $40
year Three persona 10 three
rooms At Brewster. income Of ss4s
A year; four persons Ia four rooms
A. Brewster, si.oss; Ave persons In
four rooms At Brewster. sf.1s5; ak
persons in Ave rooms at Brewster,
1880: ann seven persons in Ave
rooms ct Brewster. 1890
TT rent q home In Brewst>r.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1938-09-03
Congressman Sad0Uski
Praised By Congressman GaUagdn And
Mitchell for his UOrk on Anti-Lynch Bill

return To our homes proud OF our
service and confident that ultimate
ly the American people will demand
the final enactment Of this lesisla-
tion.
May again express to you my
deep appreciation and sincere hope
that we shall all meet again at the
converting OF the. Sevensy-sixth
Congress. .s-,
sincerely yours,
Joseph A. Gavsgsn
Member OF Congress. Twenty
first District Of New York.
House Of Representatives
Washington ID. c.
April II. 1887.
Hon. George G. Sadowski.
House Of Representatives.
Washington. ID. C.
NV Dear Colleague: This letter
is sent especially to- thank you for
the support and assistance you gave
In helping me in an effort to bring
before the House for consideration
my anti-lynching bill (H. r. 2251)
while many Democrats who had
promised me their support were
overcome BY spurious propaganda
ny an obnoxious association numer-
ically small. but which makes
more noise that the nearly 15.000.-
oo0Negroes who do not belong to II.
In analyzlng the vote I find that
by far the largest number OF De-
mocrats from the North voted with
me. l take this as tribute. COM
ing from colleagues for whom /
have the deepest admiration. l wish
TO assure you that | appreciate,
far more than / can express, your
support. II at any time In the future
| can be OF service TO you. you have
only 10 command me.
Again thanking you from the
very depths Of my heart. i am.
Cordially and gratefully yours
Arthur W. Mitchell
Member OF Congress. First
District OF Illinois.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1938-09-03
Housing in Tipperary

Work is proceeding apace in the
forty-two workmen's buildings in
the course OF erection under the
Tipperary Urban Councils scheme
at Bohercrowe, County Tipperary,
on the western end Of the town.
The site is an ideally healthy one,
on one OF the highest eminences
Of the town. At the present rapid
rate Of progress the houses should
before long be completed.