davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-12-22
SIX LYNCHINGS IN SIX MONTHS
(FrOm the Richmond, Va, Times
Dispatch)

Is lynching in the South "dying
|out," as we are so often assured by
apologists for this practice? Maybe
$50, but there have been six such muir
ders in the region in the past six
months. If lynching among us is
moribund, we should like to have adj
ditional evidence of the fact.
Another point we should like to
stress is that four of the six lynchings
which have occurred since June, took
place in Mississippi, home of the blow
torch technique of fragrant memory
Perhaps we should give thanks for the
latest exhibition of savagery there
for the sheriff of the county where
the crime occurred assures the public
that the victim was merely hanged
and "the mob did not shoot into the
Negroes body or burn him."
Now that wour men have been
lynched in Mississippi since June, we
should be only too happy to hear from
Senator Bilbo, who had such an i'm
posing part in the filibuster against
the Federal anti-lynching bill earlier
this year. We should also like to hear
from some of the other officials of
that state, who let it be known that
the Mississippi Legislature would
pass effective legislation last winter
to stop these barbarities, and that con-
sequently no Federal act was needed
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-12-22
AFL Union Aids Colored
Employees Of Government

Washington, d. c. (AFLWNS).-
Charles |. Stengle, president of the
American Federation of Government
Employees, affiliated with the Ameri-
can Federation of Labor, outlined
plans to aid colored employees of the
Federal and District of Columbia gov
ernments at a meeting in Odd Eel
lows Auditorium here.
Declaring there had been eXploita-
tion of the colored workers by organ
izations which could do them no good
Mr.. Stengle explained that the A. F.
G. E. had opened an office where
their problems could be handled. The
work is being directed by Andrew
Wicketts, president of Lodge No. 466
James C. O'Brien of the U. S. Civil
Service Commission, recommended
that colored employees equip them
selves to rise in Government service
He said the competitive promotion
system inaugurated by President
Roosevelt offered an opportunity in
this direction.
The cooperation of the American
Federation of Government Employees
was praised by Charles A. Peters and
Bert C. Gardner of the National Park
Service.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-12-22
CHRISTMAS

NEARLY two thousand years ago, in a lonely
~ stable at Bethlehem, warmed only by the
heavy breathing of the beasts the Christ Chile
was born while the rays of His Star pointed out
the way to the Wise Men and the celestial strains
of"Peace on Earth, Good Will Toward Men, echoed
throughout the land.
Today the Star has been supplanted by ma
chine guns and the Wise Men by British Tommes
who patrol the streets of this city, halloweo
throughout Christendom as the birthplace of the
Saviour.
One of the most touching scenes ever seen on
stage or screen was that in Green Pastures,
when "de Lawd," peering down on the old world
appointment and remarked, "My children have
forgotten me-
AS we think of all the consuming lust for
power, the hatred in the hearts of men, the bitter
struggles of class against class the sitting of re-
lgous freedom, the graft and dishonesty, we
cannot help but Christ looking down upon us
sadly shaking His head.
Are not insincere when we gayly deck our
homes with holly wreaths, light Christmas candles
and exchange gifts in the name of Him, whom a
great portion of the world has openly denied or
forgotten?
AS the wise men entered the stable to lay gifts
at the feet of Christ, they told Mary and Joseph,
eve have seen His Star from afar and have come
to worship Him.
If, through all the heavy clouds of doubt,
violence and unrest, we can only glimpse faint
gleam of that Star from afar," and recognize it
for what it is, then We too, can follow in the steps
of the Wise Men, and Christmas of 1888 will hold
for us deeper and truer significance.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-12-22
OHIO CONSTRUCTION
NEWS ....

Metropolitan Housing Authorities in
four Ohio cities reported last week
that they had received approval of
housing projects or had been allocated
additional funds by the United States
Housing Authority.
An additional $3,OOO,O00 has been
allotted to the Cincinnati Authority,
bringing the total ALLEGATION for that
district to $13,500,00O for four pro-
jects, one of which is for negroes, to
be located in the West End.
Work is expected to start shortly
after the first of the year on a S3,-
100000 project at Dayton, $2,SO0,000
project at Cleveland, and $1,499,O0O
project at GAINESVILLE reports state.
A shopping center consisting of
three buildings and costing an esti-
mated $250,0O0 is reported contem-
plated on the .XEst Side Of Columbus
by Shopping Center, Inc.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-12-22
i j. i j. 4 4 = = 4 i = 4 4 = = q 4
: IN THE news f.
! HERMAN OLIPHANT !
i j. + J. i \ - j. j. j. + y y = 4 q 4

Herman Oliphant, who is asking
about 55 per cent Of the worthwhile
Questions of persons appearing be-
fore the Monopoly Committee, is a
lawyer whose head is shrewdly packed
with facts that most lawyers never
learn, or forget when the case is over.
"A Washington newspaper man men,
toned that he was shocked to learn
that in 1929, little over so per cent
of the commercial deposits were held
by the 100 largest banks.
90, that proportion is higher than
that now," said Mr.. Oliphant. He
called for the records, and showed
that in April, 1888, those 100 banks
held 52.6 per cent.
That shows the quality which makes
him such searching-and enlighten-
ing-questioner.
Herman Oliphant was born in In
diana, August 81, 1884. He is not,
therefore, one of the new Deals
younger men; but there is nothing at
all decrepit about him. He is about
5 feet, 10, straight backed, no round
ing of the shoulders, no fat, rather
sharp, clean cut features, blue eyes
and shock Of gray hair. He grad
uated first in the schools and higher
institutions Of his native state. He
has been professor Of law in the Uni
versity Of Chicago, in Columbia Uni
versity, in the Institute of Law at
Johns Hopkins. He has held several
legal positions with the U. S. gov
ernment; and it now general counsel
to the Secretary of the Treasury.
The fact that he knew the reporters
figures on bank deposits were out Of
date, but gave no figures Of his own
until he had consulted the record is
rather Illuminating.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-12-22
MERIT RATING

INDUSTRIES as yet have not found ways to elm
mate the peaks and valleys in business activity.
Nor can industry alone solve this problem for there
are forces involved beyond the control of single in
dustries or even the whole economic fabric. In the
final analysis buSlneSS-prOductlOn and dlStrIbu-
ton of goods and serviceS-eXists for the service
of Society. Under the laws that govern Society,
men and women must earn the means to pay for
their livelihood. 1t follows that those denied an
opportunity of income earning become a charge
upon social income and the only sure way yet de-
vised to take care Of them is unemployment insur-
ance.
Unemployment insurance is possible by spread
ing the risk over the widest possible basis and de-
fnlng risk terms of the life of all lnduStrleS-the
pooled fund reserve
Unfortunately in the first steps of setting up
unemployment compensation laws, some wanted to
restrict the base to one employer or induStry-the
individual reserve plan, and a compromise was
made in some laws providing the so-called merit
rating. There appeared to be an analogy between
unemployment compensation and wOrkmen'S COM
pensatlOn which was deceptive to those who did
not consider the difference between an employers
control over accident prevention and unempOy-
ment prevention. The ways to accident and Occu-
pational disease prevention are fairly we'll known
and the effects Of the preventive programs Gu
mulatlve, whereas StablzatlOn of employment in
one plant or industry merely shifts unemployment
elsewhere, and the decline of the industry may up
set all plans. There is no fair basis for reducing
the payments for one establishment or an industry
without endangering the security of all
Some Of our state laws provide for automatic
merit rating while others provide for study Of the
proposal. The basic principle in merit rating is, of
course, at variance with the principle of pooling all
funds to provide the maximum of security at the
minimum of costs Merit rating would add enol-
mously to administrative costs for it involves sep
arate accounts for individuals and the calculation
of individual tax rates. The administration Of un-
employment compensation is already overburdened
beyond safety because of the present complexities
of the provisions of our laws and this additional
burden might easily result in chaos. The expense
of administration is already large but we hope can
be reduced by experience if additional burdens arc
not added.
Our experience with the payment of unem-
ployInent pensation--though limited---W oulo
not warrant decreasing the funds paid into the
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-12-22

pool. A steadily increasing proportion of funds
available has been paid out in benefits 1t is obvl-
Gus that special favors in the form of tax diff
ferential can be granted to any favored group
without increasing the rates of those not favored
"a provision that would multiply administrative
From the first the American Federation of La
bor opposed the merit rating principle in unem.
ployment compensation and state declarations OF
labor are urged now to lead the campaign to elm
inate such provisions from their state laws. This
is first and fundamental step in smpifcation OF
unemployment compensation laws.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-12-22
! COMMENT ON WORLD :
EVENTS

Four recent things have reused
the American people to the horrors
and dangers Of Nazism-and three of
them directly affect this country.
They are:
The Nazi assault on the Jews, un-
matched in organized savagery for
three centuries.
The organization of a League for
Human Rights, Freedom and Demo-
cracy of which Matthew Woll of the
A. F. of L. is the chief, and which
appeals to all walks of life.
The conviction of four Nazi spies
in Federal court, and the fact that
a considerably larger number are
waiting trial.
The practically unanimous report
from Lima that Nazi spies are busy
throughout Latin America, trying to
bring the Pan American conference
to a snarl.
Now comes a fifth event: Rev. l..
NJ. Birkhead, pastor Of all Souls
Unitarian Church at Kansas City and
a delegate to the gathering in New
York of the Institute for Analysis of
Propaganda, declares that since Hit
Ter came into power in Germany, 800
organizations have been formed in this
country for the purpose Of spreading
anti-Semitism and undermining de-
mocracy-and that a large part of
these organizations are receiving di-
rect subsidies from Hitler.
If this last, or even half Of it, can
be proved beyond cavil, it will hit
Nazism a body blow. The spy con-
victions point that way, and Rev.
Birkhead claims to have the proof.
x X X
Labor has received a slap in the face
from the United States Circuit Court
of the Third Judicial Circuit, the one
up in Pennsylvania which years ago
earned it's nickname of the "Methu-
saleh Court"
An injunction was granted by the
Federal District Court, forbidding
Mayor Hague and his police to harass
the pickets or run sympathizers out
of town in two strikes then being con-
Quoted by two A. F. of l.. unions; the
Boot and Shoe Workers and the Up
holsterers, Carpet and Linoleum Me-
chanics.
This injunction was granted in
March, 1887. Note that date. Ar
gument in the Circuit Court was not
heard until April, 193S-13 months.
The decision vacating the injunction
was not announced until the middle
of December, 1882 months after
the injunction was granted. The de-
cision was reached by 2 to 1 vote;
Judges J. Warren Davis and Joseph
Burlington, the last 83 years old and
since retired-and summoned to serve
again in another labor case!
x x x
Judge John Biggs dissented sharp
ly. He declared that the delay had
been so long that one Of the COM
panies in question had settled with
the strikers, and that the other COM
pany had gone out of business. But
the injunction, Judge Biggs pointed
out, went farther than the strike, and
protected the basic civil rights of
citizens; and that part should have
been passed on favorably.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-12-22
LABOR AND NATIONAL DEFENSE
(From the American Federationist)

\iIOii tIic tAIucTICdu
AS preparedness for national de-
fense becomes a paramount issue, the
American Federation of Labor re-
affirms its devotion to the ideals of
our republic in peace or in war.
Whether in peace or in war we de-
mand the right to represen wage
earners against the forces that would
curtail our power and against those
who would subordinate human rights
to special interests.
We demand the right to participate
in national service on equal footing
with all other citizens. We do not
believe that national emergencies are
signals to overthrow all standards and
practices that have been found pro-
ductive of human betterment. We are
especially apprehensive because of
proposals for hasty and inadequate
training of workers for making air.
planes, anti-aircraft defense and NUM-
tions industries. We will protest with
all our power against any such pro-
posal for turning out partly trained
craftsmen who would be menace to
both war and peace-production.
There are in the ranks of industry
and among the unemployed an ade-
quate supply of craftsmen for de-
fense program, and in the meantime
we should be training additional
craftsmen under proper safeguard
and in accord with standards de-
veloped out of production experience.
The Army and the Navy are under
obligations to consult representatives
of labor before undertaking programs
that concern labor.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-12-22
The Cherry Tree
Where We Hdtchet Out
The Truth
. THE TOM TOMS BEAT
. "WAR FOR DEMOCRACY"
. A GOOD TRICK
. "WAR WILL NOT COME"

Great beating of left wing toni
toms to herald the American Con-
gress for Peace and Democracy" in
Washington January 6 to 8.
American League for Peace and
Democracy is calling the congress"
This is the crowd that formerly
called itself the American League
Against War and Fascism.
The promoters, among whom are
many Communists and near-Com-
munists, decided they were not doing
so we'll under the old name and
changed it for policy's sake.
Past performance Of the organiza-
tion point unerringly to future per-
formance, including action at the
Washington congress.
x x 4
The congress" will yell Justify for
opposition to Nazi-ism and Fascism.
Dictatorship will be loudly denounced,
EXCEPT the Russian Communist
brand.
Under one proposed course of action
or another, the league works to line
up the United States in militant op-
position to Germany, Italy and Japan.
1t seeks American cooperation with
the democracies Of Europe, plus So
Wet Russia, in fighting Germany.
The Communists are working tooth
and nail to get this aid for Russia, in
what they see as the inevitable clash
with Hitler.
The game is to get U. S. interven-
tion in Europe's never-ending quar-
rels.
Another "war for democracy" is the
goal.
X X X
League has already outlined a ere
lief plan" for prosecuted Jews in Ger
many that would be comic if it did
not contain so many potencies for
tragedy.
"Plan" includes an attempt to make
Germany pay for the initial setting up
of new homes for the Jewish refugees.
The costs would be charged to the
Germany government and if Hitler
balked, each government participating
in the resettlement plan would for
bid all exports, loans and credits to
Germany and all imports from Ger
many.
Good trick, if it could be worked.
Trouble is, any attempt to put it
into operation would threaten all Jews
in Germany with massacre.
Nazis have already served notice
any attempts at retaliation for their
policy of persecution will virtually
mean the determination of the Jews.
Scheme would harm Germany, yes,
but it harms the Jews infinitely more.
X X x
Another part of the leagues plan is
for strikes to stop shipments of goods
and arms to Germany.
Proposal is not stated so frankly.
Here is how it is put:
"That organized labor take steps to
meet it's responsibility for partici-
pating in the shipment of goods to
Germany, especially war supplies"
If that is not a masterpiece of cir
cumlocution, you tell us.
Plan blithely ignores the fact that
AT of l. has declared against any
such proposed strikes as impracticable.
Silence on the plan by the CIO in
dicates it holds same view as AT of
L.
X X X
Old year ends with no European
war, despite all the oceans of alarm
list talk in every month.
Well known American labor man
associated with international cooper
alton wrote ILNS last June:
"While there are great rumors of
war, especially in the United States,
want to make the prediction that
war will not come"
His prediction has confounded the
eminent prophets of evil throughout
the globe.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-12-22
WHAT NEXT?

Chocolate bars" made out of
coal tar and sold in Berlin con-
fectionery stores show the desper-
ate efforts of German industry
under the Nazi regime to provide
substitutes for scarce natural
products. The bars look like soap
but are said to taste like chOcO-
late. There was no attempt by
manufacturers of synthetic food
to color the bars brown.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-12-22
TRUTHS poNDERED WHILE
Riding at Anchor
MR.. MODESTUS
. THE SHORTEST DAY
. TEMPLES OF OUR TIME
= THE POWER OF THE SUN
. AND so WE WORSHIP
The shortest

The shortest day
Is one hinge of the year
Just as the longest day is the other
hinge
These mark the cycle of days,
seasons, years
Cycle measured and set down CEN
turies ago by Egyptian priests
Whose special interest therein con-
nected with the Nile
River of Plenty whose annual floods
depended
Upon melting SHOWS in the far
heights of Abyssinia-
And that depended upon the earth's
orbit and declination-
So they set up their obelisks on the
sands
Built labyrinths within their pyr-
amids-
Which received direct rays of sun
and stars
At predetermined points of astron-
onical processes
Discovered variations in the paths
of heavenly bodies
Unravelled strands of time, which
pointed to eternity
Set up their civilizations on corner
stones of grain
Claimed family relationships with
the sun
Worshipped eternal bull and cow,
sources of fecundity-
Whose fountains lay in some far
off height
Related also to the central source of
light
Thus relating their daily living by
a religion
To mysterious forces but dimly un-
derstood-
X X X
In the vast temples Of our time
Our lower hierarchies time their
offerings of socks
Of wool instead of cotton, or gar
ments light or heavy
BY the same swing Of the ecliptic
line
From south to north, releasing sur
plus heat or cold
Having regard also, from time to
time
To the vast cycle whose pendulum
swings
About the golden center of the
profit line
Famine and plenty, grief and joy
Came to Egyptians always from the
Nile
Which drew it's fountains from the
suns power
Today, another cult has intervened-
Fields burdened with harvests have
no necessary consequence
In an abundance of bread or meat
Heaped harvests of cotton bolls, or
woolen fleeces-
those whose toll
Brought these potential treasures
to the market place
Hinges of Spring, or thrust of hu-
man effort
Are subjected to some inner and re-
mote control
Within our Pyramids of Plenty the
light of joy
Shines only when our high-priests
of Investments smile
X X x
And so we worship
We bow down, bringing our sacri-,
fees
Willing or unwilling, we make
obeisance and wait
Restraining as best we may our in
ner resurgences--
Waiting with hopes that are dead
Fearing the coming of some shorter
day
Unknowing whether endurance will
be long enough
TO carry over to the following
prank
Of the irresponsible cycle of
profits
Or to the swinging of some far-off
hinge
Dim-hidden in the Time-to- be
Opening doors through which may
come, hand -in-h hand
CTA To Ali
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-12-22
AND NO HANGOVER

"Poor Danny! He died from drink
ing shellac.'
cat least he had a fine finish"
EMS columns.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-12-22

AS soon as man gets a job where
he's paid for time off his common colds
develop into sinus trouble.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-12-22

WISDOM

At Christmas play and make
good cheer,
For Christmas comes but once Il
year.-ThOmas Tusser.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1938-11-08
Fear Heavy Toll Among Civilians In Next Conflict

Recognition of a probable heavy toll among non- -combatants in any future war was given by the International Conference on the classification of causes of death, recently held in Paris, when the designations poison gas", and wounds in bombardmentS" were added to more commonplace items such as heart disease, cancer, "tuberculosis-al forms, diseases of the coronary arteries, etc., as causes of death recognized throughout the civilized world.
 Countries represented at the Interna tional Conference were the United States, France, Germany, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Great Britain, Australia, New Zealand, Hungary, Italy, Norway, Paraguay, Netherlands. Rumania, Turkey, Venezuela and Algeria. In addi- tion there were delegates from the International Labor Bureau and the league of nations.
 In reviewing the proceedings of the conference, the current issue of the Statistical Bulletin of the Metropolitan Life Insurance com- pany says in part;
 ''It was decided that hereafter, in timelo of war, it will be neces- sary, in classifying mortality, to take account separately of the number of deaths from poison gas and from wounds arising out of war, not only among persons in the military service, but also among civilians. It was the con- sensus of opinion among the vital statiSticianS present that in the future, war will take far greater toll among civilian populations than ever before, and that large numbers of deaths among civilians will result from wounds in bom- bardments and from poison gas"
The Waterbury Democrat., 1938-11-08

Conforming to tradition, the Democratic candidates voiced their final messages to the voters before the ballotting today at O'oDnnell's veranda down near the Bridge. Attorney Patrick Healey, candidate for judge of probate on the Demo- cartic ticket, received an ovation on 'The Hill" when he recalled that he was born right around the corner from the rally site.
 Labor Legislation
 Congressman J. Joseph Smith re- marked on the labor legislation passed under the Democratic ad- ministration and, at the Republican rally Lieutenant Colonel Roy E.. Rice, opycsing Congressman Smith for the Congressional seat, said that working men want jobs in private industry.
 Both factions of the Independent Democratic Club were very promi- nently represented at all rallies.
 High Sheriff J. Edward Slavin remarked that someone in the camp of his opponent, Michael D. McGov- ern. of New Haven, had sent out cir- culars showing how to vote the straight Democratic tiocket but to "cut" Sheriff Slavin. He said that he wouldn't ask anyone to vote for him unless the voter votes the straight Democratic ticket.
 James A. Phelan was chairman at the first rally of the Democrats at Duggan School, Vincent A. Scully presided at Washington and South streets, and Raymond J. Fitzpatrick at O'Donnell's verandA. The candi- dates included also Representative Daniel J. Mahaney, Edward P. Egan and Hugo L. Guastaferri.
 Sturges for COP.
 The Republican rally found Fran cis P. Sheehan as chairman, and saw Roger Connor, Independent Club president, urging Democrats to vote the Republican ticket, as did Rober: Fitzpatrick and Frank Sturges,