davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Montana labor news., 1938-04-14
Nichols and Greenman
Address T~ownsendiies

Townsend Club No. 2 met in
Lowell Ave. Church last Monday
with G. w. Swift in the chair and
David E. Hooking as secretary.
Mr.. Ed Nichols district chairman)
Ed Greenman, both of Deer Lodge,
paid us a brief call and spoke on the
Townsend Plan. The other speakers
were: VIM. B. Frame and E. E,
Cretors.
Chas. Killian was elected as chair
man to the membership committee
and, on the suggestion of the adj
visory board, a motion was passed
limiting speaking to l5-minute per-
iods, in order to more quickly speed
up business in hand. A rising vote
of thanks" was rendered Mrs. G. w.
Swift (chairwoman social commit
tee), Mrs. Lee Dougherty center
tainment committee), and Mrs,
Sarah hilbert (finance committee)
as well as the other committee men,
Montana labor news., 1938-04-14
VISITS BUTTE
UNIONS


Bruce Steinmetz, president of the
Cascade Trades and Labor Assem-
bly,, gave ar interesting talk about
the action of the Cascade Trades and
Labor Assembly in sending out reso-
lutions condemning the Telephone
Company for submitting two differ
ent sets of figures in regard to valu-
alton of their properties. He flayed
the Associated Industries of Mon
tana and particularly one branch of
this organization which he alleged
had sent a letter to President Roose-
welt laying the blame on the workers
for the present adverse economic
conditions. Mr.. Steinmetz said that
in the constitution of the Associated
Industries is the section which pro-
hibits the employer from accepting
the closed shop. He thought the
Associated Industries could be
brought before the National Labor
Relations Board and either COM
PEELED to revise their constitution or
accept the collective bargaining
phases of the Wagner Act. He con-
demned members of organized labor
who were ready to sell themselves
to Associated Industries and other
capitalist bodies for the sake of a
better job.
Montana labor news., 1938-04-14
MARKETS UNFAIR

The Trades and Labor Council,
acting under recommendations of
the Butchers organization No. 1893,
has placed the following markets
unfair:
Eclipse Markets, 1645 Harrison
Avenue, 125 L. Park; 412 S. Mon
tana, and 318 N. Main Street; Sue
cess Market, TAI East Park; West
ern Meat Market, 1875 E. Park;
Better Meat Market, 203 S. Main;
Rainier Market, 1851 Harrison Ave
nue.; Girard Market, POI South
Arizona.
The reason assigned by the
Trades Council for taking this ac-
ton is that these markets are not
hiring members Of the Butchers
Union.
Montana labor news., 1938-04-14
No. 1904
NOTICE OF ADMINIsTRAToR,s SALE

NOTICE OIL ADMINISTRATORS SALE
OF REAL ESTATE AT PRIVATE SALE
In the District Cour of the Second Ju-
dicial District of the State of Montana,
In and for the County of Silver Bow.
In the Matter of the Estate of OSCAR
AUER, Deceased.
Notice is hereby given that in pursuance
Of an Order Of the above entitled court
| made on the 18th day of March, 1898, in
the Matter of the Estate of Oscar Auer,
deceased, the undersigned, the Admins
deceased, will sell, at private sale, in
parcel, to the highest bidder, upon the
terms and conditions hereinafter men
toned, and subject to confirmation Of
said court, on or after Saturday, the 30th
day of April. 1898, all the right, title, and
interest and estate of the said Oscar Auer,
deceased. at the time of death. that the
said estate has, by operation Of law, or
otherwise acquired, other than or in add1-
ton to that of said deceased at the time
of his death, or in and to those certain
lots, pieces or parcels of land situated,
lying and being in the City of Butte,
County of Silver Bow, State of Montana,
and more particularly described as fol-
lows:
That certain lots, pieces or parcels
of land lying and being in said County
of Silver Bow, State of Montana, and
more particularly described as fol-
lows, tO-W1t
Lots Eleven az, Twelve az and
Thirteen (13), Block Twenty-nine (29),
of the Grand Avenue Addition to the
City of Butte, according TO the offlclal
plat and survey of said addition on
file and of record in the office of the
County Clerk and Recorder of Silver
Bow County. Montana. Together with
all improvements, and together with
all of the tenements, Entertainments,
and appurtenances whatsoever to the
same belonging or in anywise apper-
tanning.
Terms and conditions of sale, Cash, in
lawful money of the United States. 1870
of the purchase price to be paid at the
time of the sale, and the balance on con-
firmation of said sale, or bid can be made
with payments in installments, said final
payment to be made not later than One
Year from date of sale.
All bids must be in writing, and may
be left at the office of Geo. w. Howard,
558 Phoenix Block, Butte, Montana, which
is the place of business of said Estate, or
may be delivered to the said AdminiStra-
trix personally, or may be filed in the
office of the Clerk of this court at any
time after the first publication or posting
of this Notice, and before the making of
the sale.
Dated April 18th, 1888.
JOSEPHINE BLAKE, Administrative
of the Estate of Oscar Auer, De-
ceased.
GEO. w. HOWARD,
Attorney for ADMINISTRATIVE
First publication April IA. 1938.-2T.
Montana labor news., 1938-04-14
SHERIFF'S SALE UNDER ORDER
OE CAIE

SHERIFF'S SALE UNDER ORDER
OF SALE
HOME OWNERS LOAN CORPORATION,
a Corporation, Plaintiff,
VS.
MARY WALSH, Public Administrator, as
Administrative of the Estate of Q. J.
OLSON, Deceased, and TILLIE OLSON,
Defendants.
TO BE SOLD AT SHERIFF'S SALE on
the 9Th day of May, A. D. 1888, at 2:15
o'clock, P. M, at the front door Of the
County Court House. City of Butte, Coun-
ty of Silver Bow, State of Montana, the
following described REAL property, to-
wit:
All of Lots numbered Twenty-Five 1927
and Twenty-three 1881 in Block Six (6l of
the West End Addition to the City OF
Butte, County of Silver Bow, State OF
Montana, according to the plat thereof
now on file and of record in the office OF
the Clerk and Recorder in and for the
County of Silver Bow, State of Montana.
LAWRENCE WEIR, Sheriff Silver
Bow County, Montana.
By WILLIAM HOLLAND, Deputy
Sheriff.
Dated April 10, A. D. 1898.
First publication April IA, 1938.-T.
Montana labor news., 1938-04-14
sHERIFF,s SALE uNDER oRDER
HOME OWNERS LOAN CORPORATION
a Corporation, Plaintiff,

HOME OWNERS LOAN CORPORATION
a Corporation, Plaintiff,
THOMAS W. WEIR and GLADYS M
WEIR, husband and wife, Defendants.
TO BE SOLD AT SHERIFF'S SALE or
the 9Th day of May, A. D. 1898, at 200
o'clock, P. M, at the front door of the
County Court House, City of Butte, Coun-
ty of Silver Bow, State of Montana, the
following described REAL property, to-
wit:
All Of Lot Seventeen q7) and the West
Ten (10) Feet of Lot Eighteen (18) in
Block Forty-Six (46) of the Hamilton Ad-
dition to the City of Butte, County Of
Silver Bow, State of Montana, according
to the plat thereof now IN file and Of
record in the office of the Clerk and Re
corder in and for the County of Silver
Bow, State of Montana.
LAWRENCE WEIR, Sheriff Silver
Bow County, Montana.
BY WILLIAM HOLLAND, Deputy
Sheriff.
Dated April 10, A. D. 1888.
First publication April IA, 1938-4T.
Montana labor news., 1938-04-14
LEGAL NOTICES
SHERIFF's SALE UNDER DECREE OF
FORECLOSURE AND ORDER OF SALE
CON LOWNEY, Plaintiff,

JAMES NJ. CoFFEY, Defendant.
TO BE SOLD AT SHERIFF'S SALE on
the 9th day of May, A. d. 1888, at 2:3O
o'clock, p. M. at the front door of the
County Court House, City of Butte, Coun-
ty of Silver Bow, State of Montana, all
the right, title and interest of the de-
PENDANT in n to the following described
REAL property, to-wit:
Lots numbered Seventeen 17 and
Eighteen (18) in Block numbered forty
five (45) of the Hamilton Addition to the
City of Butte, Silver Bow County, Mon
tana, according to the official plat and
survey of said Addition now on file and
of record in the office of the County
Clerk and Recorder of said Silver Bow
County.
Together with all and singular, the tene-
ments, Entertainments and appurtenances
thereto belonging or in anywise apper-
tanning.
LAWRENCE WEIR, Sheriff Silver
Bow County, Montana.
By WILLIAM HOLLAND, Deputy
Sheriff.
Dated April Is, A. D. 1898.
First publication April IA, 1938.-4T.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1938-05-10
Martin Denotes
Frankensteen To
Quell Rebellion

DETROIT, May 10.-(UP)-
Homer Martin, youthful president
of the United Automobile Work
ers union, yesterday put down Il
revolt against his leadership and
stripped Richard T. Frankensteen
of power as assistant president.
Opposition to Martin in the
form of coalition of radicals and
conservatives allcgedly headed by
Frankensteen evaporatcd when
the unions executive board CON
vened for the first meeting of a
crucial session.
Assured of victory, Martin I'M
mediately denoted Frankensteen
from the post of assistant prcsi-
dent, a job he had created for his
one-time protcge by executive de-
cree. Martins order, subject to
almost certain approval by the
board, left Frankenstcen on Il par
with the unions four other vice
presidents.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1938-05-10
SHIPS SAIL TO TAKE !,
AMERICANS ABOARD

CONTINUED from page one)
king area, the japanese pushed
forward or both banks of the
Yangtse river above Wuhu and
were within l75 miles of Hankow.
This drive was intended to clear
out scattered Chinese units which
might harass Japanese communi-
cations line along the southern
section of the Tl2ntSin-Pukow
(Nanking) railway.
3. North of Marking japanese
columns drove toward Suchow-fu.
SPREADING out in fan-like forma-
ton along line about $50 miles
wide. the eastern column was
nearing the Lung-hai railway at
point so miles east of Suchow-
flu. while the western column was
hearing the same railway just east
of Kweiteh.
i Northeast of Suchow-fu, on
the border dividing kiangsu and
Shantung provinces. Japanese col
umns were slowly moving south
ward toward the eastern section
of the Lung-hai line. These col
umns are scheduled 20 meet those
pushing. northward from the Nan
king area.
5. Two hundred miles to the
west Japanese forces operating
north of the Yellow river in south
east Shansi province again had
cleared out Chinese in the Pu-
chow-fu area and brought the
Lung-hai railway, near Tung-
kwan, under bombardment.
G.. In the Peiping area huge Chi
nese guerilla forces, which invad-
ed this district last week, appar-
emily had retired.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1938-05-10
INQUIRY DROPPED
IN REPUTED PLOT
TO KIDNAP F.D.R.
(Continued from page onel

(Continued from page onel
kidnapping angle but admitted ne
had talked about abducting the
late Andrew w. Mellon, former
secretary of the treasury, secret
service agents said. But no fed
eral charges were preferred
against him and officials said they
believed that none would be.
He is being held by local police,
however, and probably will face
forgery charges in district court:
Kennedy. who is as, has lived
in this section for some time, po-
lice said. He recently left the
roadhouse where he was employed
after getting into difficulties over
a bad check, they added.
The local "check" squad had
been requested to keep lookout
and picked him up in his automo-
bile Saturday.
According to secret service in
vestigators, the complaint in the
forgery case said he had heard of
the alleged plot from another per-
son who in turn had heard of it
gfom one of kennedy'S former
business partners.
Police who discussed the mat
ter with several of Kennedy'S &C
ouaintances said they had decided
"therc was little to it"
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1938-05-10
TRIAL FLIGHT
AI0C lMpARES COPYRIGHT 1880 " Ma
COPYRIGHT, 1905, BY sEA SERVICE. INC.

Porcr'S flight, Evelyn mad gone
,beod with her plans for Il big
ra,tv a dinner and dance will
nyrr = hundred guests. 1t would
he bad enough anyway, but II
Porcr did not show up, 1t would
be farce. ~,
why don't you come. too"
1,cLic asked on sudden impulse
addressing Mrs. Melrosc. She
would show Roger that she did
mot care how much time he spent
with some other girl. 1--WE would
like very much to have you,' she
added, trying to make her voice
sound as though she really meant
il She hated women who had
tha, sleek, acknowledgements
air about them. >.
nd like very much TO come,
Bcryl Mclrose returned promptly
in her smooth, ctfortlesS way. Her
dark eyes, looking into Jackie s.
seemed, however, to see through
the Younger girls prctense. ut is
indeed nice of you TO invite me. ~
THAT'S SWELL" Roger said
heartily. But he looked from one
70 the other of them i'll Il sort of
puzzlcd masculine way. Perhaps
he felt the undercurrcnt in the
air. You'll be glad to know, -
he said to Jackie, THAT every
thing is Observation-Disclosures to
Bcrvl." His smile now was Just
for her. Pm to make a few eX-
detrimental trial flights for altl-
tude first right here. Then Beryl
and | will 60 out to the coast
that's so | can have tall-wind--
and then for the flight. | hope to
do $50 miles at least. Therell be
a sealed Paragraph Installed, OF
course. for recording. The seal
will not be broken until | deliver
il at Washington. Doesn't 1t sound
pretty thrilling? Jackie" Aren't
YOU pleased as punch
1t sounded as though everything
was very definite. Entirely too
definite for anyone to put a stop
to, even if he wished. And Bcryl
Melrose was to accompany Roger
TO the coast. While Jackie sat
homc-doing nothing. st sounds
good" Jackie admitted. but try as
she might she could not make her
voice sound as though she really
meant it now. "Of course I'm
pleased" she made another at
tempt. What on earth was wrong
with her? Anyone would think
she didn't want Roger to have his
big chance, Il think it's wonder
full" she ended, but somewhat
lamely.
1t would have been, if for some
unknown reason Beryl Melrose
had not taken all the JOY out of it.
Ito be continued
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1938-05-10
LAWMAKING PLANS
ARE STREAMLINED

WASHINGTON, May III. (lI)'
\ bill embracing President lsooSc-
yclt'S new S2,3l9. i23.000 spend
ing-lending recovery program was
introduced in the house late Mon
dav. six hours after the senate
had approved in five minutes the
aid-to-buSineSs revenue measure.
The legislative pace quIcken"G
yesterday after the president h"G
conferred with his congressional
aides following his return from Il
weeks cruise. There were lndlca-
tons attcrward that the Leader
shin will StrcamlinC the Legislative
PROGRAM TO the recovery bill
wayrs-hourS legislation, the tax
revision bill and then the two
houses will quit.
House leaders plan TO bring the
deficiency appropriation bill up
today and hope to dispose OF inc
conference report on the tax Dill
on Wednesday. The admlniSlra'
tons tax and monopoly reforms,
however, were Sidetrackcd ycSter-
day in the hcadlong plunge ion
sine die adjournment by md
June.
The notwithstanding bill intro
duced by Chairman Edward ]
Taylor. d.. Colo, Of the house aP'
preparations committee, author
ICES an outlay Of S3,054 ,l23, OON
but actually appropriatcs only 81.
5l9.425. 900 for use in the recov
cry drive. Likewise. unlike prcVl
Gus New Deal anti-dcprcSslol
funds. the new measure allocatc'
the money to individual agcncIe'
ard not in blank check form t'
the White House.
Mr.. Roosevelt had been told b!
his congressional leaders carllr'
yesterday that there would be NJ
tie opposition to the program pro
vided the money was car-marke'
and he made no objections. The
chief executive still will Target!
control the fund, however, since
most of it will be dispensed bA
agencies responsible to the White
House.
The bill appropriateS Sl'2oo;
100000 to the works progress al
ministration for use in the frs
seven months of the 1899 tiSca
year; 1868. 100000 to the pubIl'
works administration; continue
the $5OO,0OO,OO0 PWA revolvn:
fund and allocates $50, 0O0,Oe'
for federal buildings.
The WPA fund was ear:mark
ed in this manner: Sl25, O0O.OoI
for roads, $575,OO0,000 for mis-
ccllaneous relief projects an'
$25O,OO0,OOO for white collar
workers relief. WPA was glVe'
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1938-05-10
Explosion At Ford
Plant Kills One
Is Others Hurt; Cause OF
Blast Not Assigned

DEARBORN, Mich, May TO-,
(UP).-Explosion of a chemical
tank at the Ford Motor company $
River Roge plant yesterday killed
one man and injured IS others
The blast blew hole IN the
roof and showered the workers
with acid and debris,
Edward Kawisewski, So, was
killed. He had worked for the
Ford company for Is years.
Officials said the tank was
used in the process of Eliminating
safety glass. H.
The injured were taken to the
Ford emergency hospital and the
six most seriously hurt were later
removed to Henry Ford hospital
in Detroit. =.
Preliminary investigation did
not disclose cause of the blast.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1938-05-10
Foes Of Church
Merger Charter
AS Loyal Group

ATLANTA. GA. May 10. 0'Pl
First direct action against mcr-
Ger. of the three branches of
MethodiSm was taken yesterday
by group of Georgia. citizens
who incorporated themselves as
1.-The loyal Southern NcthodiSts.'
The charter set forth that tn"
organization would be supported
by fees and contributions and
would maintain headquarters in
Atlanta, with the right to cStab-
liSh branches elsewhere.
Detectives were set forth as
"prcserving the purity of til"
white race and Installing the prin-
ciplcS of Christian gospel. To eX-
pose the frauds. wrongs. ISLANDERS
and libels committed on the south
and it's history. and t" support the
preservation Of spiritual unity Of
the south and its institutions in
order that it may do its share to-
Wdlu DIcSCl hlIS WV ~ -
the United States constitution.
Incorporators are G. Seals Ak
en-. Mr.. and Mrs. J. Il. Robbins,
William W. Brcwton. Mrs. l.. o.
Kimberly, Jr.. Sam T. Allen, Mrs.
G. E. Aiken and Mrs. Andrew
Shells. all Of Fulton county, and
Mrs. J. A. Starr of Greene coun-
ty. :,
The Southern church voted
overwhelmingly for union with
the Methodist Episcopal North
ernl and Methodist Protestant
branches. Southern opponents Of
the merger have Threatened to
take the issue to civil courts for
ruling.
Merger of the three Methodist
denominations was assured at the
uuadrennial conference of the
Methodist Episcopal church South
in birmingham, Ala, last week.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1938-05-10
MOVE TO SPEED UP
WAGE.HOUR ACTION

CONTINUED f-om n%%e onc)
appropriations Of more than tw"
and a half billion dollars for the
Presidents $4,000, 100000 pro-
gram.
In addition to jobs under the
pcnding bill the committee sal"
the CCC. which already has its
1882 funds in hand, will employ
100000 youths, and the federal
program for public roads, parks
flood control and similar work Is
to provide employment for an
other 100000, MAXIM grand to,
tai of 1926, 900 persons who VIII
receive jobs in the next fiscal
wear.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1938-05-10
Sparks Comedies
Dixon S Election

EUFAULA, Ala, May To-
CUP)-Chauncey Sparks today
conceded the Democratic nominal
ton for governor of Alabama -
tantamount to election-to Frank
Dixon, a Birmingham attorney.
Sparks trailed Dixon by O,OOO
votes in last weeks primary. He
announced today he would not OPP
pose the Birmingham candidate
in runoff June ID.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1938-05-10

raise their right hands, he said.
In the midst or complete ST.
lence, each hand was raised.
DR.. Colan, the baOy's father,
also raised his hand.
Physicians have said that even
with the operation, Helaine S
chances for recovery are SLIM.
They said the generous growth
already may be progressing into
the brain. If that is the case moth
ing can save her.
Surgery will do all it can Dr..
Hershman said, but it still is in
the hands of God"
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1938-05-10
LOCAL MEN ARE On
u. S. GRAND |

Several from here or nd
Immediate section ~ SER
the federal grand Jury 10
court was convened Mono
Ashcvillc. Included N tn
Der are i. L. jackson and !.
Miller. Of TTcndor>onTI''"; ;
Barnett. Of Horse Sf"c;
Cathcy. of Fletcher. ana !
Lcdbcttcr. Of Arden. Al. !,
ing on the grand jury are v
ton Jackson. Of Mill SrI!.
county. and II. 7. Sharp "
drum.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1938-05-10
C0LAN INFANT IS ~,
RECOVERING TODAY

Continued from rage onel
brain.
Within an hour after the vote,
the brain, eye and X-ray special
lists gathered about an operating
table in Garfield Park hospital
where the operation was perform
ed.
A hospital bulletin issued short
ly before 6 p. m. (C.S.TD said
the baby slept from 4 to 5 p. m.
and had taken nouriShmcnt. The
temperature, which was 99.4 i'm
mediately after the operation,
was falling slightly and pulse and
respiration were good, the hospi-
tai said. ...
Dr.. Henry l.. Coutard of the
Curie Institute in Paris, one of
the worlds most noted authori-
ties on cancer, participated in the
! conference.
"The baby stood the operation
in fine shape" DR.. Robert H.
Good, who performed the surgery,
said.
I'VE took out the left eyeball
and a half-inch of optic nerve as
it leads from back of the eye to
the foramen (opening) into the
spheroid bone. The eyeball was
considerably enlarged, indicating
presence of tumor. The baby is
! in good condition"
He said the eye would be plac-
ed in fixing solution for two
days before he examines it with
his scalpel and microscope.
A conference of eight x-ray
specialists then will decide wheth-
er the right eye also is affected
and whether it should be remov-
ed. ...
The 10 specialists upon whom
the life or death decision rested,
conferred yesterday for an hour
and Is minutes at. the Midwest
Athletic club, Just around the cor
ner from the hospital.
They were invited into the case
after days of anguished indeci,
sion on the part of the young par
ents, DR.. Herman Colan, 80, and
his pretty wife, EStelle, %.
The mother was in a state of
collapse at the home of a friend
while the fateful decision was be,
ing reached today. She had plead,
! ed with physicians to take heI
eyes and give them to her baby
an impossible request. DR.. Morris
l.. Hershman, maternal grandfath,
er of the baby, feared for her rea.
son and even her life.
! DR.. Irving S. Cutler, dean OF
Northwestern Medical school
presided at the conference, which
also was attended by two rabbis
DR.. Colan and DR.. and Mrs
Hershman.
The rabbis, A. E. Abramowiti
and Saul Silbert, were called tC
. present the moral side of the case
and to interpret the stand of thu
Talmudic law.
"The family is far from veal
, thy" DR.. Hershman told the jury
"If the child lives, she may neeC
costly attention. Worry over tn,
child might blight the parents
lives. 1t might even affect the ia
/ theirs earning capacity. Then
too, we must consider the possibl,
depressing effect on the child
sister, Charleen, who is nov
three"
Then the medical men studio,
| x-rays and passed from hand t.
hand charts Of the case. They dis
1 cussed similar cases, many o
which have resulted in death
: Shortly before noon, Dr.. Cutie
= called for decision.
/ Those faYOring surgery wi
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1938-05-10

Britain was wise in giving us
back our ports" declared Ea-
mon de Valera, Prime Minister
of Fire, in a two-hour speech
before the Dali Eireann which
approved. with but enc dissent
ing voice, the new pact of
friendship with Great Britain.
He is pictured above leaving
10 Downing Street after sign
ing the historic treaty ending
the ancient Anglo-lrish fcud.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1938-05-10
NO AUTOS WITH RELIEF

MONROE, n. Y. (UP)-Auto-
mobiles for relief clients have
been barred by welfare board
ruling. Hereafter, applicants for
relief will be obliged to surrender
their auto license plates.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1938-05-10

buckingham palace, one of the
residences of Britain's king, was
built in 1925 at a cost of nearly
$5,000,000,
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1938-05-10

Rain has broken the drought
lasting more than year in Piura
Valley of Peru.