davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1938-04-14
Changing Money Standard
Prime Cause of Depression

To the Editor Of The Star:
Consumption goods industries Cloth
ing. food, etc. have been PROSPEROUS.
some Cotton mills. e. g., more than in
1923. Capital goods industries have
accounted for more than 70 per cent
OF unemployment. What is the differ
ence between the two industries? Prin-
cipally the element of time required in
manufacturing, which is short for con-
sumption goods so they can be financed
by short time loans by banks. which
from their nature cannot make long
time loans and others will not make
them in adequate amounts although
there Is plenty of money because the
standard unit of value, the dollar, may
be changed by the President at any time
The standard must be a constant, not
changeable. 1t was 258 grains of gold
09 fine. Now a lender cannot know
how much he will receive in repayment
of the loan, nor borrower how much
he must pay. This is one of the most
fundamental causes of the continued
depression and the law permitting it
should be repealed. Thereby the great
capital goods industries would be en-
abled to obtain necessary funds without
application to politicians and avoid the
interference of politicians in business
and temptation to graft.
EDWARD HENRY NEARY.
Port Washington, N. Y.
Evening star., 1938-04-14

posite of the preceding. which occurs in
slX-tenths of l per cent.
10. The arched. perhaps the most
beautiful form, which is found in l.3
per cent
II. The irregular. very rare. in which
no discernible pattern can be detected.
He also differentiates six types of eye
lashes as follows:
l. The long curved form, a very COM
mon but almost exclusively childish
form. Below the age of 16. DR.. Rozprym
found, it occurred in 100 per cent of his
cases. 1t gradually disappears during
the period of puberty.
2. The long, straight form. This is
just as frequent in the population at
large as the first type. but is confined
almost exclusively to adults. Notable
exceptions which retain the infantile
form into adult life are victims of tu-
berculosis
8. The short. straight form. found in
about 20 per cent of the general popula-
ton.
4. The short, curved form. with the
lashes curvlng upward, which is found
only in about per cent.
D. The downward curved form, very
rare. occurring only in about 2 per cent.
q. The hooked form. in which each
eyebrow turns up and ends in hook.
curious thing is that the color of
the eyebrows generally is the same as
that OF the hair and that both color and
form tend to be hereditary. while the
color OF the eyebrows seems to have no
relation to the color of the hair and the
form is not demonstrably hereditary.
Evening star., 1938-04-14
Pariahs of the Road.
From the Atlanta Constitution.

There is, probably, some legal prece-
dent in opposition to the proposal, made
by an Augusta City Court Judge. to re-
quire all autoists convicted of drunken
driving to paint large letter 49, upon
the rear of their cars Possibly. even, a
constitutional provision against it.
Nevertheless there can be nothing but
sympathetic approval of the plan by III
normal users of the streets and high
ways. For the greatest menace to traffic
safety of them all is, undoubtedly. the
driver who operates his car while he is
under the influence of liquor.
Such man is, unequivocally. a pariah
OF the highways and other drivers have
right to warning against him. He is
as dangerous as mad dog or a runaway
elephant. He is as great a peril to
safety and to life as is a person suf.
fering from highly contagious disease
mixing with the population.
The letter IS" on the cars of these au-
tomobiling menaces would act just as the
quarantine sign acts when hung on the
door Of home wherein is a case OF
smallpox.
1t Is hoped, and believed, with liquor
in Georgia taken out of the irresponsible
hands of the bootleggers and put under
strict legal control, the numbers of in
toxicated drivers will decrease. If, in
addition to this, the plan of the Augusta
judge could be generally adopted, the
warning IS" would result in a reduction
of the number Of accidents on the high
ways Of the State.
It is an idea worthy Of adoption by
any court handling cases Of trafnc vio- =
lators and 1t is to be hoped no legal
loophole against its use may be found.
Evening star., 1938-04-14
An Interesting Proposal.

Into the welter of airport and me-
mortal discussions has been tossed q
novel and quite fascinating proposal for
improvement of the Potomac River
Tidal Basin area through q correlated
tunnel and bridge project to be engi-
neered on a grand scale.
Colonel P. M. Anderson, local architect
and engineer, is author of the plan and
vouches for its feasibility from an en-
gineering standpoint. The plan, sub
mitted to committees of the Board of
Trade, calls for construction of a tunnel
under the river for railroad and truck
traffic, about 1000 feet south of the
present railroad bridge, and use of the
tunnel as foundation for six-lane
automobile bridge. The railroad and
highway bridges then would be torn
down.
On its face, the scheme appears to
have much in its favor. Aside from hav-
ing inherent esthetic possibilities, it
offers a solution for the increasingly
troublesome problem of traffic conges-
ton at Highway Bridge. This old bridge
long ago reached the age of obsolescence
Despite frequent reconditioning, it has
proved utterly inadequate for present.
day traffic.
Eventually Washington will see the
passing of the venerable Highway Bridge,
just as. it has seen the demise Of the
Evening star., 1938-04-14
STARS, MEN AND ATOMS
Notebook Of Science Progress in Field.
Laboratory and Study.
BY THOMAS r. HENRY.

There is science of eyebrows and
eyelashes.
1t has long been recognized, however.
subconsciously, by artists, novellsts and
beauty parlor operators that both of
these fall into definite types and that
they may tell good deal about the his
tory of the individual.
Taking a tip from the old masters. Dr..
F. Rozprym Czechoslovakian anthro-
pologist, has just published the first
ton. He finds that there are definite
sex, age and perhaps personality differ
entiations.
Thus. he points out. "in the paintings
of Da Vinci and Titan, and also in
primitive and some very old classical
art. such as the Egyptian. we see decid-
edly feminine eyebrows with very high
position and decidedly long and curved
eyelashes to give the face full feminine
and youthful expression. On the other
hand, in depicting very aged persons,
and also in decidedly masculine faces,
the artists represent deep-seating po-
sition of the eyebrows in the old and
an accentuated double form in the men.
The modern fashion of shaving eyebrows
and painting them in a high position
follows the same trend. Film actresses,
especially by artificial means. make
their eyelashes long and curved to ac-
centuate the young appearance of the
face. On the other hand, in pathological
cases, especially in those with tubercu-
losis, the occurrence of long and curved
infantile lashes in adult men and women
shows the retardation of bodily develop
ment due to the infection"
The study was made by examining 600
persons. fair sample of the population,
in one Czechoslovakian town.
DR.. Rozprym classified IL types of eye
broWs as follows:
l. The spreading type, which broaden
outward from the bridge of the nose.
This was the most prevalent form.
found in 40 per cent Of both men and
women.
2. The even form. Of one width
throughout, found in "a per cent of those
examined. but almost confined to women.
1t is, predominantly, the feminine eye
brow. The practice of shaving and
painting the eyebrows in beauty parlors,
he explains, subconsciously is to make
the subjects look more feminine. The
principle has long been recognized,
without being definitely formulated, by
artists.
3. The double form, with the upper
contour forming two arches. This was
found in IS per cent of the persons
studied, but was confined almost en-
tirely to men.
4. The narrowing type, essentially the
reverse Of type l, with the eyebrow thick
ening toward the bridge of the nose. 1t
was found in IA per cent.
S. The peaked type, the contour OF
each eyebrow forming distinct peak in
the center. 1t was present in only about
3 per cent.
6. The shedding type, in which the
hairs grow thinner with age. It is found
only among the aged.
7. The S-shaped type, present in about
three-tenths of one per cent Of both
men and women.
8. The rising type, in which the brows
are progressively higher from the bridge
of the nose outwards This also occurs
in three-tenths of one per cent.
9. The falling type. exactly the op-
Evening star., 1938-04-14

Aqueduct Bridge at Georgetown and
the Chain Bridge farther up the river.
There can be no harm in making plans
right now for an improvement that the
march Of progress makes inevitable.
The cost OF such an undertaking would
be great, of course Colonel Anderson
estimates that $18,5OO,0OO would be suffl-
cient. He has discussed the project with
Secretary Ickes, administrator of public
works. To Mr.. Ickes such a figure
should not be appalling, especially in
view Of the additional billions the ad-
ministration now proposes to spend for
recovery. 1t is claimed the program
would provide work for 5000 of WASH
ington's unemployed men over a period
of two years.
Evening star., 1938-04-14
Daladier's Green Light.

Having succeeded in deposing the Pop
ular Front, after Leon Blum's futile
attempt to give France a new deal, the
Chamber of Deputies and the Senate
have joined hands in according Edouard
Daladier, M. Blum's successor, an over
Whelming mandate to cope with the
country's chaotic conditions. Within
twenty-four hours the chamber, chief
barometer of national sentiment, gave
Premier Daladier two separate votes of
confidence. Their size, considering the
factlonal storm amid which the new
government took office, is nothing short
of phenomenal.
Tuesday night, Deputies, by an over
whelming majority. approved the emer-
gency measure clothing the cabinet with
power to govern by decree for three
months. The Senate yesterday, by the
virtually unanimous vote of 22o to l,
concurred in the action of the Lower
Chamber and Parliament then adjourned
until May 81, thus giving M. Daladier
six weeks in which to work on the ma
tlonal finances without impeachment.
This vote. together with that of 5O8 10 12
in the Chamber of Deputies, assures the
government time to proceed under
mandate which cannot now be ques-
toned.
On the face of things, democratic
France has elected. for period of ninety
days, to 60 upon basis akin to totali-
tarianism. 1t is not unlike the emer-
gency powers bestowed upon President
Roosevelt in 1888. The temporary transi-
ton differs in one important respect from
the Fascist model. Decree government
will be administered at Paris by will of
the peoples chosen representatives. In
Italy and Germany it is exercised by self
empowered dictators. The fact that the
French left parties, Socialists, Com
munists and other parliamentary groups,
virtually without exception, joined in
giving M. Daladier the green light be-
tokens eloquently that the nation has no
fear that its liberties are in danger of
becoming the pawns of Gallo Musso-
lini or Hitler.
M. Daladier was minister of defense
throughout the Popular Fronts pre-
carious regime. He gives prompt evidence
that, while the grave domestic problems
of finance, labor and living costs will be
vigorously tackled, the menacing inter-
national situation will engage the new
governments immediate and unremitting
attention. Rearmament measures. de-
spite the near $500, 100000 they call for
will be pressed. The funds will be raised
at home, if possible; by foreign loan. If
necessary. There is to be no hesitation
in calling upon the country for any sac
rifice necessary to safeguard Frances Sc
curity. The French traditionally develop
a resilient capacity for unity, despite
their passion for political division and
acrimony, whenever the issue of national
defense is at stake.
It is hopeful and salutary thing for
peace that the latest Paris cabinet crisis
was composed so speedily and under con-
ditions promising to restore France to her
old place as stabilizing factor in Europe.
Evening star., 1938-04-14
Red Cross Chairman.

Announcement of the appointment
of Norman Davis to be chairman of
the American Red Cross has been re-
ceived with satisfaction by multitude
OF friends of the humanitarian cause
which that organization represents.
Succeeding to that office which has been
so faithfully and ably filled by John
Barton Payne and Cary T. Grayson. the
new director comes to his task with equip
ment OF mind and heart as well as wide
experience similar to theirs. The tradi-
tions which his immediate predecessors
established, therefore, may be expected
to be carried on. No drastic change
OF policy is indicated.
Mr.. Davis, however, has one par
ticular qualification which merits notice
at the moment He has been the "trav-
cling ambassador" of the United States
abroad at time when mercy has not
been the distinguishing characteristic
OF European civilization. 1t follows
that he must have cultivated a con-
Vlctlon regarding the preservation of
ideals of charity and fellowship. The
altruistic aspect of democracy surely is
precious to him. For that reason, if
for no other, he enters office with a deep
CONSCIOUSNESS Of the significance of the
Red Cross. He knows profoundly the
value OF cooperative and voluntary
kindness. Something spiritually dy-
manic persuaded him to accept, at not
a little personal sacrifice, the respon-
slolllty which President Roosevelt
urged upon him. His country is CRATE
ful for his consent. 1t thanks him
sincerely.
Evening star., 1938-04-14
THIS AND THAT
BY CHARLES &. TRACEWELL.

Dear Sir: Several days ago you wrote
a column about spring, and, of course,
you gave some attention to lawns.
THAT started me wondering, why
grass?'
Some Of us seem naturally to be grass
tenders. I believe that to be grass ten
der one must feel really tender toward
grass. That let's me out. can tend
grass, but never do I feel tender toward
it. I can understand the growing Of
flowers. There is an uncertainty about
them that appeals to my gambling in
stincts.
There is as possibility of a moment
OF beauty to reward efforts spent on
flowers. But grass is frightfully unre-
warding. It furnishes no food, no fra
GRANGE, and only a monotonous color
THE strange devotion to grass must
have deep roots in our beings.
Among our. ancestors were many
farmers. The signs of their success were
wide fields of waving grain and hay.
Since we city dwellers are separated from
the ancestral acres, a well-kept lawn is
the only way we have to express a sub
conscious urge-a dubious heritage that
leads us to rake, plant, fertilize, NOW,
and sprinkle.
X X
If we cherish grass, then why do we
cut it? Grass is beautiful if it is al
lowed to mature; it has feathery heads
Of seed that sway gently in breeze.
But that must not happen. Grass on
lawns must be cut. 1t must be no longer
than 2 inches. No so-called weeds must
mar its uniformity. No dandelions with
gay flowers and delicate balls of seed.
No, no! No plantain Il don't like it,
either, so I'll pass that)
Does the mania for grass arise from
some sense of Illustration? Hardly any
of us can make what We would like to
make of our lives. Yet we can make a
little plot of grass grow as we wish it to
groW-We can triumph over it as we can't
triumph over most Of our environment.
THE grass would grow high; We keep
1t short. 1t would perhaps like to have
friends among others not of it's own kind
we eliminate those others if our energy
or money doesn't give out too soon What
can we do about controlling the business
cycle? Very little. But We can have a
patch of grass.
"A lawn can be an achievement for
every passerby to see. One may even be-
come an authority on lawns, and the
neighbors will ask respectfully just what
you did to yours to make it look so we'll.
and you will try to remember Just what
fertilizer you put on 1t, and when. You
may get delightful feeling of superiorit,
just because you have a good looking
lawn.
Yours very truly, S. NJ. D."
-
Why grass. indeed2
All one has to do to have that cues.
ton answered satisfactorily is to 90 look
at some place where grass ought to be,
but isn't.
There is downtown church, for in
stance, whose front yard has been COW
cred over with pebbles
It looks neat. Of course, but all wrong.
The perennial greening of grass-what
could be more in keeping with church's
yard?
1t ought to be there. green and grow-
ing, speaking Of the hope which springs
eternal in the human breast
One should sympathize with the strue-
Evening star., 1938-04-14
Go East, Washington!

Officials charged with planning an
orderly and esthetic development of a
greater National Capital are turning
their faces to the east-and finding
inspiration there.
The northwest section of Washington
from city planners in the past, for it
was in that direction that the growing
city spread itself most rapidly under the
stimulus of real estate promoters This
vast expansion of the business and resi-
dental areas-never envisioned to such
degree by the founding fathers-soon
threatened to encroach upon the few
remaining natural parks and Fairgrounds
In the District. Immediate action was
needed to preserve Rock Greek Valley
and the shores of the Potomac River as
recreational havens for the people.
The National Capital Park and Plan
ming Commission and cooperating
agencies, not the least of which is the
Congress, deserve high commendation
for the program of development carried
out in the face Of tremendous obstacles
in Northwest Washington.
The northwest section has about
grown up" however. The once deserted
Mall now is lined with magnificent public
buildings, the shores of the Potomac are
improved with parkways. memorials and
bridges; Rock Greek Park has become a
nationally renowned recreational spot,
and well-planned residential commu-
mites extend across the Maryland line.
Apparently the Park and Planning
Commission is convinced the time has
come to do for East Washington what
already has been done for the congested
areas north and west of. the Capitol.
An ambitious and comprehensive pro-
gram for development of the East Cap
itol street area, all the way from the
Capitol to the Anacostia River, has been
proposed by the commissions consulting
architect. Under this plan East Capitol
street would become to Northeast and
Southeast Washington what Constitution
avenue is to the section west of Capitol
Hill-a beautiful avenue flanked by i'm
posing public buildings and monuments.
The studies contemplate an armory,
huge stadium, buildings erected by the
States and possibly a great memorial
like that planned in honor of Thomas
Jefferson. In fact, a site along East
Capitol street is again being given con-
sideration by some members of the
Jefferson Memorial Commission.
East Washington has not been
neglected entirely, of course, in the past.
A fine parkway has been constructed
along the Anacostia River and Congress
has just appropriated ssS1 900 for start
on 100000 bridge to replace the old
Pennsylvania avenue structure across
that river.
The Star earnestly hopes that the
Identification of the areas to the east of
the Capitol will continue-and with re-
doubled energy-toward the well l-rounded
development that the Capital of a great
Nation requires.
Evening star., 1938-04-14

ing penalty, must estimate months in
advance of actual knowledge what their
net earnings are to be. The mere rec
objection of the startling reversal of bus
iness trends in q period of few weeks
last fall suffices to emphasize the diff
Guilty of such estimation. Unexpectedly
large profits near the year end would re-
suit almost automatically in penalty tax
alton; Unexpectedly low profits could re-
suit in distribution to point dangerous
to safe business reserves.
As for Mr. Roosevelts remarks about
the preferential treatment shown under
the House bill to corporations netting be-
low $25000 in taxable year, it must be
pointed out that the Senate measure
would give greater relief to those who
need it most, namely, the companies net
ing less than S6,5OO yearly; and that
more than 10000 of the 176,OOO small"
corporations for which the President ex-
pressed beneficent concern fall below this
$500 income level.
There are numerous other points of
debate, but as final argument of prac-
ticality, it seems the administration has
more to gain and less to lose by yielding
on this tax than by holding out for re-
tention of its principle. Business pleaders
have claimed it's removal would con-
tribute to restored confidence, Senate
consultants have estimated the proposed
fiat rate would yield added revenue, and
no complaint has been heard from
those who would pay under the Senate
schedule.
Evening star., 1938-04-14
Grateful for Evidence of
Changed Memorial Plans

| To the Editor of The Star
On April q, 1887, Mr. John j. Boylan,
speaking before the Library Committee
OF the House in defense Of his grandiose
scheme for filling up the Tidal Basin
with concrete and cement in the name
| OF memorial to Thomas jefferson, made
this statement. quote from the record
According to the L'Enfant plan car
rled out under the direction of Gen.
washington and with the help of Jeffer-
son himself there were five cardinal
points in the city where large memorial
or some great building should be erected
and of those five points might state
that one was selected for the White
House. one was selected for the Capitol,
one was selected for the Lincoln Me-
mortal and one for the WASHINGTON
Memorial. Now the fifth point was on
the Tidal Basin, where we propose to
locate the memorial to Thomas Jeffer-
son.
Let us recall that it was the west side
OF the Tidal Basin to which Mr.. Boylan
referred. Since all of this area in
L'Entant's time was under water as part
OF the Potomac River. which in those
days came up close to the south grounds
of the White House, this was a marvel
of prescience.
On Friday, April l, 1888, perhaps a
significant date as indicative of Mr.. Boy
lans faith in the gullibility and short
memories of the general public, this
statement was issued from his Office:
For the Jefferson Memorial we have
reached decision which gives jefferson
noble memorial, worthily placed in
conformity with his Importance and with
the plan of Washington. The plan is
to leave the Basin as it is at present and
to place the memorial on its south bank
x on line through the White House,
which has been regarded ever since 1901
as the proper site for a memorial of
major Importance. In relation to the
washington Monument 1t gives the jeff
erson Memorial position on the south
similar to the Lincoln Memorial on the
west and completes the great central plan
of the city, in which the Capitol and
the White House occupy the other car
d1nal points on the east and north of
the Monument"
1t will be observed that Mr.. Boylan's
axis with its cardinal points" has within
a year obligingly swung around 80 de-
grees Of the compass to move the Jeffer-
son Memorial from the west to the south
pank OF the Tidal Basin. Both loca-
tions, however, sedulously maintain one
feature. Both are on fllled-in, made
ground and so, according to technical
testimony at the above hearings, would
call for about s6,O00OO0 or $1,000, 900
additional expenditure for concrete and
cement foundations. And on the present
proposed site even these extras would,
without doubt have to be greatly in
creased for roadway alterations and con-
struction before the $3,000,000 structure
could even be started.
And may add my word of thanks to
Clifford Bergman for his recent anus
ing cartoon and to Chairman Kent E.
Keller of the Library Committee of the
House for drafting legislation which it
Is fervently hoped may prove effectual
In disposing Of this misconceived and