davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1938-10-06
1888
PROCLAMATION OF THE GOV
ERNOR OF MARYLAND
STATEWIDE REFERENDUM

WHEREAS, at the January 1887
session of the General Assembly OF
an Act was passed known
as Chapter 81, fixing the time within
which marriage license may be is
sued; in words and figures as follows:
Char Err VI
AN ACT to repeal and re-enact with
amendments Section Of Article 81 Of
the Annotated Code Of Maryland 1924
EDITION., title Marriages. to fix the
time within which marriage license r1ay
be issued.
Section /. Be II enacted by the General
Assembly Of Maryland. That Section s Of
Article 81 Of the Annotated Code Of Mary
land 1924 Edition), title Marriage. be
and It 10 hereby repealed and re-enacted
with amendments to read ~ follows:
g. Before the Clerk Of any Of the Courts
Aforesaid shall issue any license he shall
examine one OF the contracting parties to
the marriage, under oath. who shall appear
personally before the Clerk and make ap-
plication for the same, and the Clerk shall
ascertain: frst, the full name Of the par
ties; second. their place Of residence;
third, their age; fourth their color; fifth.
whether married or single; sixth, whether
related or not, II so, In which degree OF
relationship; seventh. IL ever divorced:
which facts upon the payment OF one dol
lar ($1.00) as an application fee shall be
set out In printed form to be signed by
the person making the application, and NO
such license to marry shall be delivered
by the Clerk until after the expiration Of
Forty -eight (4S) hours from the time ap-
plication 10 made therefor; provided, how
ever, that any judge OF the Circuit Court
Of the county In which the application IL
IL t. nolkf ikxy
Judge Of the Court Of Common Pleas, for
good and sufficient cause shown, may, by
an order In writing signed by him, au-
thorlze the Clerk to deliver such license
1t shall be unlawful for the clerks Of any
Of the courts aforesaid to make public the
fact Of an application for a marriage IL
cense until such License shall have been
Issued.
Sec 2. And be It further enacted, That
this Act shall take effect June /. 1887.
Approved: March %, 1887.
NOW, THEREFORE,, l. HARRY
w. NICE, GOVERNOR OF THE
STATE OF MARYLAND, pursuant
to the authority and direction contin-
ed in Section 5 (a) of Article 16 of
the Constitution of Maryland, do
hereby order and direct that this
Proclamation containing a full, true
and correct copy of Chapter 81 of
the Acts of the General Assembly
of Maryland of 1887 be published in
at least two newspapers in each of
the Counties of the State where so
many may be published and where
not more than one may be published
then in that newspaper, and in three
newspapers published in the City of
Baltimore, one of which shall be
published in the German language, in
such manner and for such time as is
provided in Section 1 of Article ID
of the Constitution of Maryland
GIVEN UNDER MY HAND AND
THE GREAT SEAL OF THE
STATE OF MARYLAND. DONE AT
THE CITY OF ANNAPOLIS, THIS
10Th DAY OF JULY, IN THE
YEAR OF OUR LORD, ONE
THOUSAND NINE HUNDRED
AND THIRTY-EIGHT.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1938-01-07

them-but to burn Nevada and Vir-
ginia City and wreck the sluice ways
and fumes of the miners.
The brigands had their stools dis
tributed all over the district-such as
George Lane, the shoemaker The Wig
ilantes organized an investigation
committee which dug up facts regarding
stools" dug up facts regarding the
identity of the Vigilantes.
Met in Pfouts' Store
On the night of Jan. ID. 1864, this
Investigating committee met with the
executive committee in Pfouts' store
Pfouts was president of the Vigilantes
and submitted the record. The names
of the six Virginia City criminals were
turned in. The sixth was Bill Hunter
Hunter made his escape. to be captured
and executed a little later.
While the Vigilantes were consider
ing the record, the accused men were
pursuing their usual custom when about
town. Gallagher and Lyons, it is said.
were at the gambling house known as
THE Shades" Gallagher was 'bucking
the tiger" in more senses than one,
placed his bets on the faro layout, said:
while We are sitting here making Dull
bets those strangling Vigilantes -
- are passing sentence on us" DimS-
dale says it was the only time Gallagher
eve told the truth. and on that oc-
casion it was purely accidental.
Encircled Town
The Vigilantes went about their work
in a methodical manner They threw
a Gordon of guards about the city and
waited for dawn. In the darkness Bill
Hunter crawled down a gully and passed
through the guard line. Meanwhile. re-
inforcementS were marching in from
surrounding towns to strengthen the
Vigilante ranks and clamp down tight
on Virginia City arrivals or departures
A group of Vigilante pistol men at
mornings dawn started the roundup
OF the wanted men. Parish was arrested
in n of the stores, George Lane or
his Shoemaker's bench in Dance &
Stuart'S place, Boone Helm in front OF
the Virginia hotel, Jack Gallagher
asleep in 1.-THE Shades" and HAYES
Lyons in a miners cabin cooking him.
self a breakfast of flapjacks.
w want you; come along and ask
no questions" was the greeting each
robber received from the stern-faced
men who, with drawn pistols, demanded
their surrender. They went-and died
for their crimes.
They were buried on Boot Hill with
out collins; their bodies were wrapped
in blankets and the grave pit was COW
cred with boards. And so was written
a bloody ending to the lives of men
who were declared to be in their day
as unprincipled a band of scoundrels
as even disgraced a nation.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1938-01-07
Paris Gibson
FHyt CHiefT
H~00Igy0zvery
ORGANIZATION WAS STARTED AT
FORT BENTON MEETING
JAN. IL, 1888
Annual Convention This Year Will Be
Held at Great Falls, Jan. 1918, Which
Will Be the 55th Meeting of the
Pioneer Organization.

When the Montana Woolgrowers as
sOclatlon holds its annual convention
at Great Falls Jan. 1918, the 55th an
nlversary of the starting of the organi-
cation will be observed and the meet
ing Will be in the city of Paris Gibson,
founder of Great Falls.
Montana WoolgroWers associa-
ton was organized Jan. II, 1883, at Fort
Benton. IN addition to Gibson, officers
were t. E.. Collins. vice president: j. II
Rice, treasurer. and L. w. Peck, secre-
tary., J. E. Morris and Collins were
members OF the executive committee.
Inc tlrst tranScontinental railroad
had just been completed through Mon
tan and large numbers of sheep were
Shlpped into the state from California.
Oregon and Washington. These sheen
were unloaded for rest and grazed in
different parts of the territory and in
consequence Scab became quite preva-
lent among the flocks of Montana. be-
ing a parasitic disease which easily
spread throughout the territory by the
exchange of rams and otherwise. Severe
losses we're sustained by lack of en-
1orcement of laws on the territorial
statutes. and the organization was
formed to secure an amendment and
enforcement of the scab law. which had
been enacted by the territorial legis-
lature.
c. Fl. Williams of Deer Lodge sue
ceedcd Gibson as president during the
Years that followed and April 20. 1921.
the present Montana WoolgroWers as
Soci9tion became Incorporated under
the laws of Montana, retaining Will
lians in that office.
From 1921 the association continued
to function under the leadership O.
Williams with H. H. Pigott acting as
part.tlme secretary. Jan. 9. 1926, a
small group of Woolgrowers met in
Helena and r~eorganized the old asso-
citation. feeling that the organization
would not grow unless someone were
employed to devote his entire time and
attention contracting the sheepmen, So
Letting their support and calling to
their attention the various problems
before them.
Leader in Industry
At this meeting. Williams was again
retained as president. in which office
he continued until 1881. Williams served
as president of the Montana Wool
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1938-01-07

en- freely of their time and expense to
attend meetings representing the aSSo-
citation and its activities, not only in
the state, but in various parts of the
United States.
The Montana association is affiliated
with the National W~oolgroWers associ-
alton. with headquarters at Salt Lake.
During the session of congress it is
necessary to have the sheep industry
represented, not only by the national
but often by the state association. The
office is maintained in Helena, where
inquiries and suggestions in regard to
the association are welcomely received.
A monthly publication is issued. the aim
of which is to serve its readers by pro-
viding information regarding market
conditions on lambs and wool, both
foreign and domestic, and a special en-
deavor is made. by timely articles, to
keep the readers advised on all matters
of interest to the general livestock in
duStry.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1938-01-07

growers association for 26 years, giving
much of his time, a great deal of at
tention and financial support in behalf
of the sheep industry, not only of
Montana, but of the United States.
At the annual convention held in
of Dillon was appointed to succeed
Williams and j. H.. Carmichael of Au-
gusta was appointed vice president. In
February of that year, SelWay died sud-
denly and Carmichael became president.
which office he also filled during 1882.
At the convention in BoZeman in
1882, the late Henry Sieben was elected
annual convention in Great Falls in
1888. Williams was again appointed
president, with his distinct understand
ing, however, that he would serve only
for n year. At the convention in Bill
lings in 1884, Williams was made hon-
of Dillon became president. and at the
convention in Butte in 1885. he was
again appointed to that office.
At the convention in BOZeman in
1886, H. A. Snyder of Billings became
president and at Billings in January,
1887, he was selected to lead the Or
ganization for another year. AT, that
B. c. White. now of Los Angeles, were
also elected honorary presidents for
life.
Service Organization
The Montana Woolgrowers associa-
ton is strictly a service organization.
During the years of its service, it has
worked on many problems confronting
the industry, such as tariff. taxation,
freight rates, stockyards and transpor-
tation, grazing fees. emergency freight
rates. and legislation to protect and
benefit the interest of those engaged or
connected either directly or indirectly
with the production Of sneep.
The association is. maintained
through dues contributed by its men,
bers on the basis of a cent a head on
the number of sheep which they run.
The only paid officer is the secretary
treasurer. The officers have always CIV
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1938-01-07
Coming Execution OF Frank Robideau Jan. IS
Recalls Hanging of Fiue Eorly-Dny Bod Men ON
Viqiluntes' "Oriqinal Gullo1us'' ut Virginia City

Saltwater county officials have made
preparations to carry out Judgment of
the court which recently sentenced
Frank Robideau, At, alias Joseph L.
Liberty, to hang Jan Is for the murder
; of Mike Kuntz. Wheat Basin elevator
operator.
Undersheriff Jack Benjamin said his
office would secure one of Montanas
two sets of portable galloWs" for the
execution.
been established over Robideau al
though he did not think the confessed
slayer was the type of man Who would
attempt to take his own life.
Robideau, who told the officers he
had been sentenced under the name OF
Liberty to serve from 20 years to life
for second degree murder in New
state. remarked: L think the judge did
the right thing" as he was being led
back to his cell III the county Jail,
Benjamin said.
Robideau said he escaped after serv-
Judge Ben HARDWOOD. who passed SEN
tence, reviewed the history of the case
and said there was no doubt IN his
mind as to the magnitude OF the crime
and there appeared to be no eXtenu-
ating circumstances. The courtroom
and halls Of the small courthouse were
crowded with spectators who were ON
plimented on their orderly manner by
the court.
kuntz and his wife were killed in
an automobile near Columbus the night
of. Nov. 26. Their f~ive-ycar-old boy,
Larry, although severely beaten. re-
covered and identified Robldcau as the
slayer Of his parents.
Robideau. in a confession to officers.
admitted the double Staying and said
he and Kuntz had quarreled over the
ownership of some wheat and had gone
to "shoot it out.
When arraigned he pleaded guilty to
the murder Of kuntz and pleaded in
nocent to the charge of numbering Mrs.
KuntZ
RobIdeau is the father of three child
ren. a girl six, a boy three. 4 SRI IA
months old.
Benjamin said it was planned to
build an enclosure between the jail
and courthouse for the execution.
Butte'S detachable and portable hang
mans apparatus has not been in service
for many months. 1t was last used for
carrying out the death sentence on a
murder in Choteau.
The coming execution in Saltwater
county, and the borrowing of portable
galloWs recalls the story of the Wig
ilantes hanging of five scoundrels at
Virginia City. Jan. IA. 1864. on Mon
tana's original gallows.'
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1938-01-07
"Hangman'S Building. 1864.
See the original gaIlOws used
by the VigilanteS. 3-7-77."

This is the sign across the front Of
a little frame one-Story building on
Main street in Virginia City, the build
ing in which five Infamous s%coundrels
met their deaths in 1864, Jan: "A, at
the hands of the Vigilantes. A beam
extends from the roof out over the
sidewalk, but this is merely to attract
attention. The gallows used in the exc
cution was one of the o o beams OF
the little house, which was under con-
Struction, but still roofless, when the
Vigilantes started their grand purge.
but in rotation. This was because the
Vigilantes feared that the combined
weight of the five raScalS would be too
much for the little beam to support.
George Lane was the first. Then came
Jack Gallagher. Plummer's deputy
those whom he had sworn to protect:
Boon Helm who admitted that he had
acted as a cannibal on at least two
occasions; Frank Parish and Hayes
Lyons.
Lane stood next to the eastern wall.
Gallagher was next to him. Parish was
next the west wall. Boon Helm wa
next to. Parish and Hayes Lyons was
in the middle.
Helm, who swore on the Bible that
he was an innocent = later
admitted: I'VE have all done enough
W Scllu Us W llSl1 LII q RoAS lAhAS,
kept up his nerve to the last. Jack
Gallagher weakened when he learned
that an associate had confessed but
regained his nerve at the finish. Gal
lagher drew a knife and threatened to
cut his own throat in preference to
being hanged-and then dropped his
weapon when Vigilante Capt. Henry
Williams, whose blue eyes turned to
black and became hard as steel when
he was aroused, threatened to shoot
unless Gallagher complied with his
order. Gallagher apparently feared the
bullet more than the rope. George Lane
'Clubfoot George asked W B. Dance
in whose store he ran a shoemaker'S
shop, to pray for him. Hayes Lyons
wanted to see his mistress. a m
of the town, before he died.
On their way to the galloWS Helm
shouted to an acquaintance that he
was ION the way to heaven" Gallagher,
after mounting the box under the scat
fold, wanted to know how he looked
in a necktie."
When the V~igilantes started their
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1938-01-07
HAPPY RELIEF
FROM PAINFUL
BACkACHE
Caused by Tired Kidneys

Many Of those gnawing. ~nagging. painful
backaches people blame on colds or strains
are often caused by tired kidneysrand may
be relieved when treated in the right way.
Thekidneys are N ature's chief way of taking
excess acids and poisonous waste out Of the
blood. Most people pass about 3 pints q day or
about 3 pounds of waste.
If the Is miles of kidney tubes and hlte1
don't work well. poisonous waste matter stays
In the blood. These poisons may start nagging
backaches. rheumatic pains, loss of pep and
energy. getting up nights. swelling, puffinesa
under the eyes, headaches and dizziness.
Don't waiti Ask your druggist for Doan's
Pills. used successfully by millions for over 40
years. They give happy relief and will help the
Is miles Of kidney tubes flush out poisonous
waste from the blood. Get Doan's Pills.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1938-01-07
EROSION CONTROL
IS GAINING FAVOR
PHILLIPS COUNTY FARMERS HAVE
SHOWN CONTINUED INTER-
EST IN PAST YEAR

Phillips county farmers have
shown a continued interest in ero-
sion control during the past year,
according to II. M. Oefstos. county
extension agent, and as a result
much new acreage was put n
strip farming to prevent wind dam
age, and under bikes Or check dams
to control runoff water.
A total of $50 farmers in the six pr1n-
cipal soil blowing areas carried out
strip farming practices under the 9
agricultural conservation program, Cef-
stos said. Of these, 80 were assisted by
the extension agent in planning their
strip systems. For the county as a
whole, the total r strip farmed totals
a little more than 10000 acres, or about
four times as much as a year ago.
Planting of caragana in strips to con-
troll wind erosion. is another practice
that shows promise, Oefstos said. Dur
ing 1887 three farmers in the North
Bench community started the practice
and planted a total Of $500 trees.
The construction of dikes and check
dams to control runoff water and pre-
vent soil washing was done by Is far
mers and the completed systems in
volye a total of 1,O37 acres.
Dad +ho Cla cSified Advertisements
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1938-01-07

One odd diet led to another for Neal
Welch Jr., IL. of South Bend, Ind. He
swallowed a pin. The doctor fed him
sterile cotton to protect his stomach.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1938-01-07
Hunters Kill 70
Extra Elk in One
Day at Gardiner

The ~carcasses of rs elk, killed illegally
or accidentally on the firing line in
Park county during heavy shooting n
day recently were auctioned by the
state fish and game department, State
Game Warden James A. Weaver said
a few days ago.
Heavy SHOWS drove large bands of
northern Yellowstone park elk into
the gunshot range of scores of hunters
in the open territory north of Gardiner
and between 200 and 225 animals were
killed. When the smoke had cleared
away there were 70 more than
there were hunters.
Deputies of the game department
brought in the animals and cleaned
them.
About 1000 elk have been taken out
of Park county since the animals began
to move out of the park onto their
winter feeding grounds. The herd must
be reduced by 1000 head to bring it
within the range carrying capacity.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1938-01-07

Read the Classified Advertisements
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1938-01-07
Gullibility and Bad
Checks on Increase

Gullibility reached a new high at
Missoula during the past two months,
sheriff's officers said recently. During
that time the flood of bad checks,
which only a short time ago caused
much concern in Missoula, kept on a
steady increase and business men were
on the losing end.
One business house turned over II
worthless checks which had been taken
in, it was stated, during the past three
weeks. Amounts range from So to $40.
we have asked again and again
that business men be sure of their
customers before accepting checks"
said Sheriff James r. Thompson. I'VE
realize that during the holiday season
this is especially difficult, but it is a
time when the check passer works the
hardest. The holiday rush is likely to
provide a green pasture to the check
artist, but we ask that business men,
for their own protection, verify a check
before they accept it-not afterward."
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1938-01-07

roundup of Helm. Gallagher, ct al, the
robber band in Virginia City was feeling
cocky. Reports had come III that Wig
ilantes had hanged Henry Plummer.
Ned Ray and Buck StlnsoN at Bannack
but they didn't believe it. They knew
there was a Vigilante organization and
are said to have succeeded IN learning
the identity of the men who had exc
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1938-01-07
CASE WORKERS NAMED

Otto Hansen has been named case workers
supervisor for the state board of public welfar!
in Valley county. and Mrs. Gertrude Vor
Kuster to the same capacity in Sheridan
county. 1t has been announced by I. M. Brand.
been senior case workers in their respective
counties.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1938-01-07

Gallagher, Helm and their associates
seemed to be fatalists who were con-
WINGED hat such a thing as lynching
couldn't happen to US They had
ample time to leave the camp but
failed to avail themselves of their OPP
portunity. They stayed and made
threats not only to murder the Wig
~ilantes-"the Strangers" they called
The Washington times., 1938-10-07
MARTHA RAVE
Film COn1edienne
Free to Wed
Tomorrow

! HOLLYWOOD, Oct. 7 GN.S0
The famous cavernous mouth Of
film comedienne Martha Raye
was a big smile today.
Tomorrow she and David Rose
composer, will leave for Ensenada
Mexico, where they will be mar.
ried, thus eliminating a romance
of several months.
Miss Raye's divorce from Buddy
WeStmore of the Hollywood make
up family became final Septem-
ber 20.
The comedienne also had an
other reason to be happy. She
announced that legal difficulties
between her and her father, Peter
F. Reed, had been settled ami
cably. Reed recently sued for an
accounting and share of his
daughters $2,500-a-week income,
but dropped the action yesterday
The Washington times., 1938-10-07
Plans Visits
To MQSOnS

Grand Master Leonard P. Steu-
art will open his series of annual
visitationS to all of the Masonic
lodges within his Jurisdiction to-
night when he will make a joint
visitation to Columbia Lodge No.
3, of which Walter w. Marlowe is
master, and to Lebanon Lodge No.
Z, of which Arthur M. Robinson is
master.
Accompanying the grand master
on his visitationS will be all the
officers of the Grand Lodge. Re
ports on the work of the individual
lodges will be made following the
visitation tonight and refresh
ments will be served during a
social hour.
The schedule Of visitations will
run through November %, on
which evening the grand master
will officially visit his own lodge,
Washington Centennial No. IA.
The Washington times., 1938-10-07
Georgia Leases
Federal Projects

The Agriculture Department an
nounced last night that Secretary
of Agriculture Henry A. Wallace
has signed a lease with Georgia
officials completing negotiations
for future management by the
State of the departments first
submarginal land projects in the
South,