davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1938-10-07

the personal responsibilities of life, leav-
ing their obligations, their duties, even
many Of their privileges to leaders who,
however devoted to the common veal,
are not omniscient.
The totalitarian theory of control may
be efficient on occasion. There have been
in centuries gone by or there may be in
centuries yet to dawn emergencies 30
compelling that dictators were or will be
necessary. But 1t is the verdict OF his
tory that the Napoleons fail in the end.
At the moment humanity has the right
to ask: Who will "take over" when the
present lords and masters of the earth
retireP Specifically. who will replace
Stain, or Hitler, or Mussolini? These
personalities represent concentrated au-
thority SO dynamic in its implications as
to be fearsome to behold. Each symbol
ICES success, each may be entitled to
gratitude from the people he leads for
work well done, each has solved prob
ASAAo ACAASNA oSy tCAAROA al Aly AAA
not solve. But how about the future?
New social patterns have been formed,
new habits OF mind cultivated in Russia,
Germany and Italy around characters
forceful and determined, yet not i'm
mortal. Sooner or later the inevitable
denouement must come. Civilization
itself will be involved in the aftermath.
Meanwhile, millions are being educated
to distrust their own capacities, their
own judgment, their own ability to
maintain their own existence. 1t is the
dogma OF the hour to be dependent on
the state, and, naturally enough, the
state depends upon its governor. How
could 1t be otherwise in the circum-
stances? Unless democracy can be rein-
vigorated, tyranny-benencent or brutal
as it may be-will reign. But only for
a while. Louis XIV was right in the
expectation as to all dictetors expressed
in the words: After us the deluge!"
Evening star., 1938-10-07
More Is Needed.

Announcement by the Civil Service
Commission that $1,000 exempt positions
have been designated for classification
in conformity with President Roosevelt's
order extending civil service is definite
step toward improving Government en-
ployment conditions, but much remains
to be done.
There are $4,000 positions, generally
in the upper brackets Of the regular civil
service agencies, whose status still is
being considered, and with but few
exceptions, these should be thrown open
to competition if Federal service is to be
a career, with those workers in the lower
grades having the fullest opportunity to
advance.
In this connection, it was significant
that as the commission made its initial
classification under the Presidents
order-affecting principally the so-caned
emergency groups-all positions were
brought in, though some few exclusions
later may be deemed desirable.
Even after the commission has passed
on these 125,0oo positions, however, and
the President has given his approval,
there still will remain about 10000 out
side of civil service by law, and these
must be included by Congress if the
system is not to be hybrid.
1t is to be hoped, too, that as the
classification of these thousands OF posi-
tions is begun, the reign of patronage is
ending. The merit system always has
travelled a rocky road, but during the
last flve years civil service employment
dropped approximately twenty per cent
in the face Of a huge increase in per-
sonnel-a record of merit system abuse
seldom equaled in the past.
President Roosevelts order was move
to end these abuses; time will test its
efficacy.
Evening star., 1938-10-07
Believes Certain Broadcasts
Deserve Retribution.


Deserve Retribution.
To the Editor Of The Star:
IN; YOUR editorial Of this date you
brilliantly present the broadcasters
case and express sympathy with broad
caster whose application for renewal OF
license will be the subject Of F. c. G.
hearing, thereby compelling the broad
caster to prove that q grant Of its re-
neWal will be in the public interest,"
May I, as q member Of the public, pre-
sent our side?
We have, through our Congress, set
aside the radio frequencies as q great
public domain for public use. We have
established as the licensing authority
the F.. c. c. and have instructed 1t by
statute to issue broadcast licenses only
after making an Affirmative finding that
such will serve the public interest. Also.
by statute, we have prohibited the broad
cast of profane and/or indecent matter
and matter pertaining to lotteries. Such
prohibition is clear in the statute ana
each broadcaster must be presumed to
know the law, and 1t should be remem-
bered that those two prohibitions are
the only statutory restrictions on broad
casting. When q broadcaster violates
the law and good taste by feeding pro-
family into the American home and f1re-
side he should not be heard to complain
when he Is called to account.
w. Z. JONES.
Evening star., 1938-10-07
Crisis in Palestine.

Her energies released by the easing of
the Czech crisis, Great Britain is losing
no time in coming to grips with the vio-
lent controversy which for months has
turned Palestine into seething cauldron
Of political unrest and armed strife.
Originating in the antipathy of the
Arabs to the influx of Zionist Jews under
Britain's protection, the situation stead
lily drifted into undeclared war between
the mandate power and the irreconcil-
able native Arab elements. Conditions
eventually forced the London govern
ment to dispatch strong naval and mill
tary reinforcements to sustain the hard
pressed Palestinian garrison. Fighting,
frequently in pitched battle, has ragged
for months. Only this week British
punitive expeditions killed an estimated
sixty Arabs in two engagements in Cali
lee. The operations ensued after rowing
guerrilla bands attacked Tiberias and
killed nineteen Jews. Sporadic sanguin-
ary riots in Jerusalem, Haifa, Tel Aviv,
Mount Tabor, Safed and other points,
with recurrent Arab, Jewish and British
victims have become chronic.
1t is this state of robbery, murder and
brigandage that required Colonial Secre-
tary Macdonald to tell Parliament on
Wednesday that the situation in Pales-
tine has shown serious deterioration"
The government has recalled Sir Harold
MacMichael, high commissioner at Jeru-
salem, for immediate discussion of new
policy. Adoption of other measures for
pacif1cation awaits commission report
on partitioning the country into Arab
and Jewish states-a recourse which
hitherto has signally failed to enlist the
enthusiasm of either party to the racial
and religious feud that has kept Pales-
tine in upheaval ever since the Balfour
Declaration established the Jewish
National Home"
With the whetted ambitions Of the
Fascist powers in the Near East-result-
ant from 1taly'S conquest OF ETHIOPIA ana
Mussolini's avowed longing to become
the grand protector Of Islam," and
Germany's revived Berlin-to-B -Bagdad
dreams-Palestine assumes a new and
grave Importance in Britain's eyes, and
in those of France, as WELL for neighbor-
ing Syria, under her mandate, is directly
affected by Arab pretensions in the Holy
Land. Because OF Nazi anti-Semitism
and II Duce's schemes to expand the
italian empire" eastward, 1t is suspected
in more than one quarter that the Ber-
lin-Rome axis has not been inactive in
condemning Britain's hold in Palestine,
a vital link in the land air route to
India and one she cannot afford to have
either severed or loosened.
Evening star., 1938-10-07
Letters to The Star
Sees Grave Shortcomings
In Munich "Surrender."


To the Editor Of The Star:
WHILE there IL almost universal ap-
plause for the four-power peace
pact, a peace bought by Czechoslovakia,
it may be well to look at some Of the
shortcomings Of this peace.
Czechoslovakia was promised guaran-
tees of her new frontiers. But the ma
tions which most threaten her territory
have not yet given these guarantees or
only with strings attached. On the other
hand, economic guarantees seem to have
been overlooked entirely. These should
include free access to the outer world,
access to raw materials, and assumption
by Germany Of part of Czechoslovakia's
national debt, commensurate with the
wealth in the ceded areas and the reve-
nues yielded therefrom. But even II
these guarantees were given, in the
light of recent experience they would be
of doubtful value.
The pact, intended ostensibly to cor
rect some Of the mistakes Of Versailles,
created situation far worse. And while
Czechoslovakia is required to yield up
her minorities other countries with even
larger minorities in some cases, minori-
ties which are not nearly 80 well treated,
are left unmolested.
EDW. WOLEsENSKY.
Evening star., 1938-10-07
Invigorated Democracy.

Thoughtful American citizens are con-
scious of a definite trend away from
democracy. 1t seems plain to them that
the tendency of many nations is toward
centralized control of government by
organized minorities. Events in Europe
during the last five years and most
notably during the last five months have
furnished evidence OF weakness in socie-
ties hitherto devoted to freedom under
codified law. Even in the United States
there has developed willingness on the
part Of great numbers Of people to avoid
Evening star., 1938-10-07
Federal Judge Vacancies.

The Judicial Conference, composed of
the senior circuit judges of the country,
meeting here under the leadership Of
Chief Justice Charles Evans Hughes Of
the United States Supreme Court, has
recommended the creation of four addi-
tional circuit and nine Federal district
court judgeships. There now are four
vacancies in circuit judgeships and ten
vacancies in district courts in various
parts of the country. These are new
positions created by the last Congress
in an effort to break up the jam in court
dockets, but the President has not made
the appointments.
The bench vacancies were created by
Congress as part of the administra-
tons program to expedite Federal court
cases, but the delay in the appointments
apparently is jamming up the dockets
further, as is evidenced by the fact that
Judges attending the conference here
have recommended that the judiciary
be further expanded to handle increased
business.
The suggestion has been made that
the appointments may be held up until
after the elections next month, and pos.
sibly until Congress convenes in Janu-
ary. In the meantime the dockets will
become further clogged. The courts
throughout the country are entering
upon their fall terms, and the prompt
filling Of the vacancies would materially
aid in relieving the strain on the jurists
who now are carrying the load.
Recess appointments would carry over
well into the winter terms, but if there
is delay in making the appointments
until Congress convenes then the nomi-
nees cannot enter upon their duties
Evening star., 1938-10-07
Twenty Years Ago
Tho World War Day by Day
October Z, 1918.

Three tremendous blows were dealt
the enemy. In the north Haig captured
Brancourt and Fremont with American
aid. Pershing attacked violently on q
7-mile front east OF the Meuse, gaining
an average Of 2 miles. Whittlesey's ia
nous Lost Battalion was rescued.
British, French and Americans in q
smashing drive tore away the last de-
fenses of the Hindenburg line on 10
mile front between Cambria and St.
Quentin, averaging miles. St. Etienne
was taken. Gouraud, with Americans,
made miles on . 4-mile front north
Of st. Etienne.
Evening star., 1938-10-07
Mr.. Hopkins Theories.


The entire Nation, 1t safely may be
presumed, is interested in the theories
of Harry Hopkins, Works Progress adj
ministrator charged by President Roose-
velt with the spending of hundreds Of
millions of dollars Of taxpayers money.
He possesses so much power that 1t is
natural for people to be concerned about
the philosophy which, for good or Ill,
he is putting into effect.
A speech delivered at Memphis re-
Gently perhaps may be taken as q fair
sample of Mr.. Hopkins point of view.
Referring to the South and specifically
addressing residents Of that part of the
country, he said: "The problem is eco
nomic. 1t is lack of purchasing power.
The problem centers in the fact that SO
much of the profits of your labor are
drained of into the hands Of absentee
owners of your factories, your lands, your
forests, your mines and even your banks"
In these words there is no recognition Of
tllC lolC WlACIl dUSCIICC
capital has played in Dixie. The speaker
chose to forget the wealth poured into
Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, Louisi-
ana and other southern States at the
invitation of local promoters to finance
manufacturing and commerce of every
conceivable kind. Neither is there any
admission of the fact that the Federal
Government finds and drastically taxes
absentee owners wherever they may
make their homes and that the several
State governments cut into the absentee
owners profits in process of accumula-
tion long before they have reached ex-
portable condition.
But more notably Mr.. Hopkins forgets
the solemn truth that the problem Of the
South is also cultural in character.
Mississippi, for instance, has an un-
schooled and impoverished Negro popu-
lation which outnumbers the white. The
w. P. A. administrator, however, does
not bother with trifles like chronological
geography. 1t is with complete disregard
for natural as well as human resources
that he argues: "The South, with one
fourth Of the population, receives one
seventh of the national income"
He forgets that the average workman
in the plantation belt labors only in the
cotton season and that tenant farmers
as class are busy only a few months
OF the year. Also, he neglects the ad-
vantage which the residents of the rural
South enjoy but which is denied to their
northern contemporaries domiciled in
cities, paying rent, needing fuel raising
no food supplies of their own. He COM
pares total per capita personal incomes"
Of 1855 in the South with $88i in the
Northeast without conceding differences
in the costs of living. Then, to crafty
sectional audience, he declares: MANY
people after lifetime Of honest toll can
look forward only to sn old age of
dependence. Diets for thousands con-
sist OF grits, greens and gravy. Houses
for more thousands are not fit for human
habitation" II the pitiful conditions 80
catalogued were peculiar to Americans
on the under side Of the Mason and
Dixon line, Mr.. Hopkins would be on
f1rmer ground in seeking to make the
condition of the South sectional issue.
Evening star., 1938-10-07
SECOND STREET Sc.


Dear Sir:
Some time ago you HAD an article on
goldfish and care or tanks when not in
use. 1t was pity for many Of us that
this article was not printed in the be-
ginning of summer instead OF the fall.
II did not realize that water should BE-
kept In tanks when not in use-after
fish were put out in 4 pond.
Il put empty tanks away-and in get
ting them out, ready to take fish in, have
found they all leak.
Nov put white lead In cracks around
glass rim where leaks were, left them
out in sun to dry, but after four days
the lead is still soft.
Please advise me what to use to stop
those leaks. OF course, another year
will leave water in tanks As per your
article in The Star.
Every truly,
White lead is about the worst thing in
the world to use as an aquarium cement.
Fortunately for our correspondents
fish, even the sun couldn't dry it.
But, as matter of fact, aquarium ce-
ment should not harden; the modern
cements largely used by manufacturers
retain their Elasticity for years.
This enables them to give, and keep in
contact with the frame and glass walls.
The semi-soft consistency also absorbs
any slight jars which may come to the
aquarium.
Just as 1t Is far cheaper to buy an
aquarium than try to build one, so 1t Is
better to purchase aquarium cement. 1t
can be found at any "five-and-dime" CT
pet store, put up ready mixed for use.
None OF 1t has any lead in 1t.
The idea Of an aquarium cement Is one
which will retain its Elasticity for long
time. Even after q tank has been used
for four or five years, the cement in it
will be soft to the touch.
In the old days of the aquarium hobby,
the ideal was cement which got as hard
as rock in few days. It never seemed
to occur to any one then that this would
make the glass liable to breakage at any
sudden jar or that small leaks would
como about more surely because the
weight of the water could not keep the
cement pressed close to frame and glass.
William T. Innes aquarium authority,
lists the following as requisites in q good
tank cement.
I. Adhesiveness.
2. Quick setting.
3. Permanent softness.
4. Water resistance.
5. Non n-poisonous
The last of these Is perhaps the most
important Of all.
Nothing should ever be used in an
aquarium cement which might injure
the fishes
Lead, in all its forms, Is extremely
harmful.
Even ornamental figures Of lead,
which have been enameled, should never
be used in the water.
Shells and stones containing lime are
highly dangerous.
It must be kept in mind that even the
Evening star., 1938-10-07

until they are confirmed by the Senate,
and this might possibly carry the yacan-
cies almost to spring.
In order that justice may be handled
with dispatch, these appointments should
be made promptly, to the end that the
dockets be brought to a current state, as
Congress intended when 1t created the
new positions.
Evening star., 1938-10-07
Hopes u. 8. viii Refuse
German Trade Agreement.

To the Editor OF Tne 0taf:
EoR 4 number Of years have been
i a daily reader Of The Evening Star
and have often admired the courageous
stand you have taken in important
questions. Allow me, therefore, to con-
gratulate you on your editorials dealing
with the recent troubles of Europe and
the crucifxion Of Czechoslovakia. Given
enough people with your ideals, such
shameful betrayals as We have recently
witnessed would be impossible.
There still remains this issue. Todays
paper informs us that Germany will
press our Government for trade treaty,
SO more Americans can be thrown out
of employment, while they dump into
our markets the goods manufactured by
the slaves Of Hitler. You who have
spoken so fearlessly in behalf OF the
Evening star., 1938-10-07

the skins-through the bars Of his cage.
Here, he bosses our President and bullies
our Statesmen
Hall, Columbial Happy land.
HOWARD PITCHER OKIx.
October I, 1e9e.
Evening star., 1938-10-07
Letters to the Editor must bear
the name and address OF the toriter,
although the use Of pseudonyn, for
publications is permissible. Please be
brieti

weak and underprivileged, feel assured,
will join in the battle to protect Amer
ican industry and the American public
from this new menace
HARRY E. KORAB.
October 3, 1888.
Evening star., 1938-10-07

General Mosely appears to be honestly
convinced that retired Army officers do
not necessarily have to be retiring in
their speech. A good many sensible
Americans will agree with him.
Evening star., 1938-10-07
Getting Mad.

Prom the Shreveport journal.
China has been pressing another ap-
peal before the League Of Nations to
have Japan declared tho assressor IN
the undeclared war between them. The
Chinese are q peculiar and . patient
people, but they're finally getting peeved.
Evening star., 1938-10-07

Installation Of 80 parking meters here
will, it is contended, have an effect on
an acute parking problem comparable to
attempts to save the blazing home with
the ice-water pitcher.
Evening star., 1938-10-07

One does not think of the District of
Columbia as an agricultural community,
yet Potomac Grange No. l is a pioneer
American farm organization.
Evening star., 1938-10-07
Member of the Associated Pres.

The Associated Press is exclusively entitled tn
the use for republication of all news dispatches
created to 1t or not otherwise credited In this
paper and also the local news published herein.
All rights OF publication of special dispatches
herein also are reserved
Evening star., 1938-10-07
Shooting Stars.
BY PHILANDER JOHNSON.
The Alternative,

The Alternative.
The rhetoricians who reprove
Mendacity's rude way
My feelings very deeply move
BY all they have to say.
My wrath has fiercely stirred anew
Whenever have heard
That some one has resorted to
The short and ugly word"
But when our talents are employed
With critical intent;
Not only should our minds avoid
The speech that's rudely meant.
The short and ugly word is bad.
But there is oft in reach
Another thing that's most as sad
The long and tiresome speech.
Method.
"It must be very difficult to make a
Speech" said the youthful aspirant.
mot necessarily" answered Senator
Sorghum. There is one method that is
always reliable. You start out by saying
something that nobody understands and
put in the rest of the time explaining
what it means"
Everybody likes to be noticed" said
Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown. MANY
men would try to be as patient as Job
If they thought they would become as
famous"
The Traveller.
The world goes swiftly spinning on
through space,
And 'mongst the passengers the lucky
chaps
Get comfortable seats, each to his place;
But most Of US are hanging to the
straps.
Pursuit.
(Which do you think brings most hap
piness, pursuit or possession?" inquired
the debater.
'I don't know" answered Mr.. Dustin
Stax. Half the fun in owning a dollar
is in watching other people pursue It,"
Gloom.
The autumnal tree, the bird song clear
But move his soul to new dismay;
He murmurs, 1--WE are drawing near
Housecleaning time or moving day!"
"The worst thing about a lazy man."
said Uncle Eben, "is dat he ain satisfied
to take life easy hissef, but insists on
comm aroun' durin'. workin' hours tellin'
stories,"
Evening star., 1938-10-07
NiEht Final Edition

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Evening star., 1938-10-07
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Evening star., 1938-10-07

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Evening star., 1938-10-07
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Evening star., 1938-10-07

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Evening star., 1938-10-07
Pursuit.

(Which do you think brings most hap
piness, pursuit or possession?" inquired
the debater.
Il don't know" answered Mr.. Dustin
Stax. Half the fun in owning dollar
is in watching other people pursue It,"
Evening star., 1938-10-07
Gloom.

The autumnal tree, the bird song clear
But move his soul to new dismay;
He murmurs, I'VE are drawing near
Housecleaning time or moving dayi"
Evening star., 1938-10-07

"The worst thing about a lazy man."
said Uncle Eben, "is dat he ain satisfied
to take life easy hisse'f, but insists on
comm aroun' durin' workin' hours tellin'
stories." - ,~ -.
Evening star., 1938-10-07

chief occupation-for one-third OF its
cost in England and for one-ffth Of
what 1t would cost in America.
This brings us to that portion Of
George Nibble's letter in which he says
that we are not concerned in European
matters. George is hydra a-headed fool.
We are as exposed to attack as is
Switzerland and much more tempting
bit of goods Unless aided by England,
we, If attacked by an Italian German
japanese combination, would lose the
Panama Canal, all Of our island pos
sessions, our cable lines and air bases
and Alaska-711, 900 miles Of territory.
Nearly one-fourth of our entire land
area. "Well," George would say, what
Of it? The old United States Is good
enough for me-" It is altogether too
good for George and his pals. But he
may not have it. We are comparatively
safe-for the present-from invasion on
three sides. But millions of armed men
can be landed on Mexican shores, and,
amid Mexican cheers, from the south
attack the Yankee robber." There Is
no Sudeten mountain range on our side
of the Rio Grande to facilitate us in
repelling invaders.
But our navy? Cannot that be stepped
up to keep pace with any Japanese, Ger
man or italian increase in battleships?
Not under present conditions. Not
without revolution. Not with q lisa
day wage and 40-hour week. Like
unfortunate France, we have an enemy
within our gates. If Germany had 4
labor leader who sought to grow rich
through the destruction Of his country's
industries he would be put in the Berlin
Zoo 80 the little Fritzes and Gretchens
could poke fun and sausage skins-5ust