davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1938-01-09
.L0YAL|STSF|N|SH
7ERUEL CONQUEST
1000 More Rebels Yield to
Government-C0nvent
Refuge 18 Days.

BACKGROUND
Spanish loyalists captured stra-
tegic city of Ternel on Lo,uer Ara
0On front in December after in
surgents had held it for II months
as spearhead OF their driue to sea
to cut Valencia from Barcelona.
Rebels counter-oGensiue to rescue
Seueral thousand troops and SYM
pathizers entrenched in three
strongholds 1Dithin city failed, and
Friday 1000 surrendered. Activity
on other fronts stalled as opposing
forces concentrate upon Teruel
battle as possible crucial test of
ciuil Udr.
b. the Associated Press.
MADRID, Jan. 8 Sunday Final
and complete subjugation of Teruel
was announced by the government to-
day following the surrender of 5000
insureent soldiers and civilians who
had held out against government at
tacks within the city for ls days.
In an extraordinary war COM
nunique. which conveyed the graft
tude of the government to the army
for its achievement, Minister of Ma
tional Defense Indalecio Prieto an
nounced the surrender of more than
1000 soldiers and 1000 civilians who
had barricaded themselves in the
shell-shattered buildings of the Santa
Clara Convent
Exhausted and disheartened by the
surrender of 1000 of their comrades
In the Asuncion Hospital Friday, the
last remaining defenders left the con-
vent last night after small groups had
quit the buildings at intervals
throughout the day.
In q recapitulation of the prisoners
taken. the government listed 40 army
officers. $50 soldiers, TOO wounded
and 1000 civilians taken from the
hospital and approximately 1000 per-
sons taken from the ruins of the con-
vent.
These figures greatly exceeded
previous estimates based upon incom-
plete information gathered from pris-
oners.
Among the military prisoners were
Lieut.. Col. Rey d'Harcourt, Coils
Barba and Gasca. and eight other
high insurgent chiefs. One of the
officers taken was the son of Admiral
Magaz, a minister of the old Rivera
government.
The Bishop of Teruel was reported
among the civilians who surrendered
Evening star., 1938-01-09
Liue Bald Eagle
Buffers Gift as
Marine Mascot
Bird May Be "Coach
Dog for Airplanes,''
Donor Says.
BY the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
NEWTOWN SQUARE, Pa, Jan. 8.
A live American bald eagle was de-
livered to Maj. Gen. Smedley D. But
Ter, retired, of the United States Ma
rine Corps, tonight and was turned
over almost Immediately by the gen.
eral to the marine base at Quantico,
Va, for a mascot.
The eagle was presented to Gen.
Butler by the Veterans Of Foreign
Wars of Scottsbluff, Nebr Gen. But
Ter said the veterans promised to find
a suitable bird for him when he Wis
tied them four years ago.
I'm giving it to the marines as a
mascot because the eagle SO fully
typifies marine-a high flyer and
afraid of nothing Gen. Butler said.
Gen. James Breckinridge, COM
mander Of the Quantico base, has sug-
gested that the bird should be made
a coach dog for the marine air
planes"
Evening star., 1938-01-09
ASTEROID NEAR EARTH
Eros to Approach Within 90, ,OOO,.
600 Miles January 20.
BY G. GOULD LINCOLN.

CAMBRIDGE, Mass, Jan. 8 (R-
Harvard Observatory officials today
announced mother earth would en-
terrain the asteroid Eros, at the socia-
bic distance Of only 100000 900 miles,
ut the end of this month.
On or about January 20, ofIicials
said. the asteroid would make its
closest swing to the earth In many
yeaSs. However, In 1898 1t approached
within 100000 miles.
Evening star., 1938-01-09
NEW DEAL CHIEFS
HIT MONOPOL|ES
Warn of Fight in Jackson
Dinner Address Over
Nation.

SHARPLY Worded warnings that the
New Deal will press its fight against
the minority of business men en-
gagged in monopolistic practices to the
detriment of the country as whole
were the dominant theme of jackson
Day dinner addresses of administra-
ton leaders in widely scattered sec
tions OF the Nation.
The most vigorous talks of this char
acter were made by Secretary of In
terror Ickes at Nashville Tenn; At
torney' General Cummings, in Chi
cago: and Assistant Attorney General
Robert. H.. jackson, in New York.
Contrasting with their remarks were
more temperate addresses by Solicitor
General Stanley Reed, at Detroit;
Secretary of War Woodring, in Den
YER; Assistant Attorney General Brien
Mcmahon, at Louisville, Ky: Secre-
tary of Commerce at Columbus, Ohio,
and Secretary of Agriculture Wallace
in Des Moines. Iowa.
Take Lead in Thrusts,
Secretary Ickes and Mr. Jackson
apparently have taken the lead in the
administration thrusts at big busi-
ness" although their attacks were to
some extent offset by the relatively
conciliatory tone of Mr.. Roosevelt's
message at the opening session of
Congress last week.
James Roosevelt, son and secretary
of President Roosevelt, called on "all
fair-minded citizens" to join in u fight
on a small group which is sowing
seeds of disunion'' in an attempt to
return to power" over 10000 people
Young Roosevelt sounded his plea
for united effort" at Boston's Jack
son Day dinner at which Senator
Walsh, Democrat, of Massachusetts
declared the Nations economic recov-
cry and social progress lis in jeop-
| ardy.' Senator Walsh also urged
Democrats to work together for "our
countrys welfare"
Renews His Assault.
Addressing his Nashville audience,
Secretary 1ckes renewed his assault
on concentrated wealth with the asser-
ton it has power to bring on panic
I'm order to force acceptance of its
ungenerous and onerous terms"
viii monopolistic wealth resort to
such an extreme?" he asked. Not
If the people themselves are vigilant;
not if they know the issues that
are involved; not If they are pre-
pared to defend their economic liber-
ties at whatever cost may be neces-
sary. -
He would be dwelling in a fools
paradise who permitted himself to
think for minute that monopolistic
wealth. accustomed as it was to con-
troll America prior to 1893, will will
ingly' give up that control"
Mr.. Ickes said President Roosevelt
was modern Andrew Jackson, tilt
ing his lance against the dragon of
Wall Street and carrying on a fight
for economic liberty which jackson
| began against Nicholas Biddle of
Philadelphia and his Bank OF the
United States.
"The hydra headed economic mon
ster OF 1898 is stronger, more cunning
and more resourceful than the de-
bonair gentleman who ruled the finan-
cial world of America from Philadel-
phia in the time of Andrew jackson" !"
the Interior Secretary declared. ~.
Subject Of Hymn Of Hate.
Mr.. 1ckes asserted that the Presi-
dent, like "Old Hickory" had been
made the subject ''of hymn of hate
(See AIDES, Page A-6.)
Evening star., 1938-01-09
Lynch BILLS FOES
HINT At BLOCKING
|ENT|RE PROGRAM
Housing and Farm Meas.
ures Due to Provide Show.
down in Fight.
ACTION JUSTIFIABLE,
SENATOR SMITH SAYS
Passage of Measure Would "Hu.
initiate Section of Country,
South Carolinian Holds.


For many years bitter fight has
been Waged intermittently in Con-
gresS Ouer the issue of Federal
laU to curb lynching. Advocated
by Northern members uith large
Negro constituencies, it has been
fought by the Southern bloc. A
lynching bill Was passed by the
House in the first session of the
Seuenty-ftth Congress and made
the unfinished business for the
Senate, Uhere it was taken up at
the special session and led to q
fhbnster. 1t wds laid aside for
the farm bill and noU has been
taken up again.
Evening star., 1938-01-09
Rome Coated With Ice.

ROME, Jan. 8 R)-Ice-a rare
thing for Romans-coated the Italian
capital today, as the temperature fell
to rs degrees. A score or more of
persons were injured, most of them
pedestrians who lost their footing.
Evening star., 1938-01-09
WEATHER.

u. g. Weather Bureau Forecast)
Fair and slightly colder today; tomorrow
fair and slowly rising temperature: gentle
northwest winds. Temperatures yester-
day-Highest 38, at pm. lowest 20, st
10 pm.
Full report on. page AZ
Evening star., 1938-01-09
LEGISLATIVE CURBS
TO MERIT PLAN HIT.
Civil Service Commission
Tells President Trend Vio-
Iates Pledges.
BACKGROUND

BACKGROUND-
The fUe years OF present Demo-
cratic administration hare been
marked by unparalleled number OF
patronage appointments. President
Roosevelt has attempted Uuinly to
check tide, and year ago urged
on Congress legislation to effect
reform. Supreme Court fight de-
layed action, and, in meantime,
system has persisted.
Evening star., 1938-01-09
|NSTALLMENTPLAN
AID TO $1OO DINERS
Federal Employees Starting
From $4,000 Pay High
for Tickets.

The Jackson Day dinners last night
took a bite out of the pay of Federal
employees over a coast -to-coast net
worr ... .,,,-
Evening star., 1938-01-09
BY ]. A. FOX.

by J. A. FOA.
The Civil Service Commission last
night told President Roosevelt that
the growing tendency to introduce
legislation in Congress exempting po-
sitions from the civil service is mat
ter of grave public concern" and vio-
lates "the solemn pledges of political
parties and their leaders"
The commissions Condemnation Of
the continued inroads that patronage
is making in the Federal Government
was include in its report, which re-
iterated previous recommendations
that postmasters Of the first. second
and third class and all other but
policy-forming positions be brought
under civil service-a principle Pres
ident Roosevelt also has urged on
Congress.
Declaring that public interest in the
merit system Is at its highest point
since the Civil Service Act was passed,
just IS years ago, the commission
said:
Legislation has not been responsive
to this popular acclaim of the merit
principle. There has been no inn
portant extension of the civil serv-
ice during the fiscal year. On the
contrary, bills introduced to create
new agencies included 146 which
exempted all personnel from the pro-
visions Of the Civil Service Act and
rules and numerous others which pro-
posed partial exemptions. OF these
measures, 2l providing for total ex-
emptions have been enacted into law
Wholesale Tendency Seen.
"These exemptions no doubt reflect
in = measure the tendency to permit
wholesale exemptions in emergency
agencies created during the early
stages Of recovery from the financial
depression. At that time, however, the
Government faced the necessity Of
placing large groups Of employees al
work in an extremely limited period
moreover, those agencies then seemed
to be temporary"
Continuing, the commission empha-
sized that civil service rather than
political employment increases ef-
flciency, tends toward economy and
holsters morale, then concluded:
"The unanimity OF opinion with re-
gard to promotion Of the merit system
would appear to guarantee legislative
support for its extension and prin-
ciples. No debate should be necessary
in connection with legislatio to deter
mine the procedure to be followed in
selecting public employees. It should
be taken for granted that appoint
(eee CIVIL SERVICE, Page AID
Evening star., 1938-06-25
Tunnel Under
Thomas Circle Opposed.

To the Editor Of The Star:
HOPE the plan to construct a street
car tunnel under Thomas Circle is
still tentative, so we may give it further
consideration. Surely no person Of ex-
perience and good judgment. If familiar
with the pertinent facts would approve
of this useless tunnel.
The wide streets and avenues converg-
ing at the circle furnish ample space
for cars and automobiles to pass side by
side. Usually the tracks are clear before
the green lights are out. Thus it will
be seen that the street cars are not
impeding or delaying traffic one second
Furthermore, the approaches to the
tunnel would take up considerable street
space. At present passengers may board
cars near the circle, but these con-
venient stops would have to be discon-
tinued to make room for approaches to
the tunnel
If the old stopping places are con-
tinued they would have to be reached
by stairways to the tunnel, the entrance
to which would take up additional street
space. Then think Of the hardship in
ascending the steps to the street. No
favors would be shown here. All would
have to climb the stairs-old persons
who could scarcely move one foot before
the other-tired mothers with babes in
their arms would have to face the ordeal.
If you are interested inspect traffic con-
ditions at Thomas Circle during rush
hours and be convinced that there is
no traffic jam.
EDWARD B. BLIZZARD.
Evening star., 1938-06-25
Shooting Stars.
BY PHILANDER JOHNSON.

Warning to Airplanes.
Our President said as he glanced at the
sky,
AN airship see which my patience
will try.
III show it space where no more it
can roam
And shatter the peace of my own Home,
Sweet Home"
1t may be dream or it may be fact
That limits its travel to regions exact;
But a home on the range will be due
for change
If airplanes persist in their antics so
strange.
Oh wandering airplane, we see you afar;
You ride or you flop, with a lamp like
star.
You may shatter each dwelling as on
ward you roam,
But please keep away from our Presi-
dents home.
Evening star., 1938-06-25
New Tax Study.

AS John ID. c. Taxpayer is about to
be wheeled into the congressional oper-
ating room again for what is becoming
perennial diagnosis of his tax system,
it is gratifying to find Chairman King
of the Senate District Committee sug-
gesting that the patient be represented
by an advisory committee from his local
household to follow the progress of the
consultation.
Appointment of such a group, repre-
senting, as Senator King suggests, busi-
ness, labor and citizens generally, would
be proper and desirable step in any
District tax study. At best such a COM
mittee can do no more than recon-
mend and then rely on Congress for a
fair decision.
In this particular instance the fact
that the law requires the survey to be
made under the direction of the Joint
congressional committee in charge of
national tax problems is an added rea-
son why the local community should
have some channel through which to
keep in touch with the diagnosis and
furnish data to the experts.
This joint congressional group and its
technical staff are concerned primarily
with the more complex Nation wide tax
structure, although it includes two
members with long experience on the
District Committee Senators King Of
Utah and Capper Of Kansas. And, even
though hearings arc held next January
Evening star., 1938-06-25

on the final recommendations, the task
Of legislating at that time would be
easier, with more likelihood of an
equitable result, II those In charge of
the inquiry have the benefit of con-
structive local suggestions and informa-
ton as the study proceeds. After all,
District residents will have to take the
remedy, once 1t is prescribed by the
next Congress.
OF equal, If not greater, Importance is
another suggestion Senator King made
when he mentioned the continuing
growth in amount of the Federal Gov
ernment's non-taxable property as a
pertinent factor to be considered. This
factor is one of the main reasons why
the present 100000 lump sum is a
wholly inadequate Federal payment
toward a District budget that for next
year exceeds $4,000, 900. And this lop-
sided ratio of Federal-Dis payments
is the real ailment that has thrown the
local tax system out of balance. 1t is
what makes necessary temporary one
year remedies, such as the gross receipts
business tax and the boost in the realty
rate.
The forthcoming survey may produce
an improved tax program, but If it
merely. rearranges sources of local reve-
nue. without going to the root of the
trouble-the fiscal relations problem-it
will be only another flrst-aid treatment.
If Congress goes on indefinitely on the
theory that s5,0O0,O0o year is all the
Federal Government should pay no mat
ter how high the total of the bill goes
and regardless Of how much more prop
erty passes of the tax books by Govern
ment purchase, the tax system will con-
tinue to relapse and more tax studies
will be needed to seek new palliatives.
Why not cure the basic cause of the
disease by returning to fair, systematic
basis OF fiscal relationship? Even while
the lump sum remains at $5,0O0,OO0 it
becomes diminishing percentage every
time the total cost Of running the city
increases.
Evening star., 1938-06-25
threat of an unduly long stoppage OF
operations appears to have vanished.

threat of an unduly long stoppage OF
operations appears to have vanished.
For explanation Of the improved
prospects. even though they are not
very robust as yet, one may consider sew
eral factors. One is the decrease in
topheavy inventories which was partly
responsible for the sudden slackening
last fall. Another is the resumption of
heavy Government expenditures on pub
lie works and work relief projects. al
though whatever beneficial effect may
result from this policy will not become
apparent in actuality until the money
can be disbursed.
A third factor may prove to be the
pending liberalization and simpliflcation
of regulations bearing upon the lending
and investment operations Of CONNER
cial banks.
In seeking to take an optimistic posi-
ton, the fact is not being overlooked
that many major distractions stand in
the path of true economic health for the
Nation. Such a circumstance is not
unique, however and only by the process
of experimentation, trial and error, may
this complex economic structure be ex-
pected to function. The result probably
will be periods of fluctuating fortune,
just as inevitable as the weather and
more unpredictable.
Evening star., 1938-06-25
Business Tides.

Although it is not by any means an
infallible barometer, the consistent up
ward trend of security prices quoted on
the Nations stock exchanges this week
may be accurate indication that we
have "scraped the bottom" of the cur
rent depression and are heading back to
a level of greater economic activity.
Several other reasonably important
portents in the past week or two have
lent strength to the hope of improving
conditions, among them an upward
trend in steel operations, slight in
crease in freight loadings, an increase
In textile orders and a lift in prices Of
metal scrap. Also, although the. auto
mobile plants are planning a longer
summer shutdown than in 1887, the
Evening star., 1938-06-25
p. W. A. and WASHINGTON.

Fears that the District OF Columbia
was to be treated like stepchild in the
cutting of Uncle Sans latest public
works cake have been dispelled COM
pletely by Administrator Ickes.
The fears, which grew to large pro-
portions in the absence from Washing
ton of Mr.. Ickes, were the outgrowth of
the congressional ban on use of any
P. w. A. money for purely Federal prof.
ectS here. Congress, Of course, had no
intention of tabooing allotments by the
P. w. A. for buildings of municipal
nature, and the best evidence of this is
the fact that 1t passed bill placing the
District on parity with the States In
borrowing from the P. w. A. till.
Mr.. 1ckes put it succinctly when he
declared that the fact that fine Federal
buildings are being built here does not
and will not have any bearing on the
P. w. A. program for the District"
There is no relation between the two
fields of construction. The Federal
Government needs new facilities for
itself, and the District government needs
other facilities for the wholly unrelated
purposes of municipal administration.
Both needs are urgent and should be
given prompt, parallel treatment.
Three of the local projects already
have received technical P. w. A. approval
and therefore, Mr.. Ickes indicated. are
in position to be given immediate ad-
ministrative consideration. They are
the proposed Municipal and Juvenile
Court buildings and the expansion pro-
gram at Gallinger Hospital There are
13 projects, to cost s18,150OOO, on the
Commissioners list of favored items, and
Mr.. Ickes says he sees no reason why
all Of them should not be approved,
eventually. The 13 projects recommend
ed by the Commissioners were culled
from a selected list of desirable" local
Improvements that would require total
allotment of nearly $32 ,0O00, 900 of P. w.
A. funds.
In giving assurance of his support in
making possible now the more essential
projects, Mr.. 1ckes again has shown his
friendly interest in the Nations Capital
and his sympathetic understanding of
its peculiar problems.
Mr.. Ickes is quoted as saying he "wel-
comes" the District of Columbia as
prospective recipient of P. w. A. funds
The District, in turn, welcomes Mr..
Ickes as prospective sponsor of much
needed local mprovements-and, Incl
dentally, as suburban neighbor with
a home-owner interest in the develop
ment of the whole metropolitan area.
Evening star., 1938-06-25
THIS AND THAT
By CHARLES E. TRACEWELL.

phony. Some listeners profess to find
similar befuddlement in the older LON
don symphony" whose introduction Is
one of the noblest pieces Of instru-
mental writing we know.
The single sympkony-to date-of the
young Englishman, William Walton,
whose name you cannot even find in
some of the latest musical diction-
aries," will leave the listener gasping
slightly on first hearing.
Yet only few repetitions are needed
to convince even the most severe critic
of modern music that the composer has
something there"
OF all the stories we have heard about
great composers, we know none more
appealing than that of Franck, and the
way he took the playing of his great
work.
The musicians were all experts, and
not q one of them liked the work-and
said so. The conductor, however, did,
and insisted that they practice it well
and play 1t well. He saw to BOTH
Picture the mild, beautiful character
we know today by his name-Cesar
Franck-and by his one symphony, Sit
first time, even as you and 1, to his
creation, the work of his heart and
mind.
The slow, subtle opening strains.
reminiscent of the organ of which he
was master; the working out of the
long first movement, with its sad ques-
tioning, as some one has put it, Must
1t be?"
The second movement is really two
movements. played together, SO the work
has the conventional four movements,
after all, in very good sense.
Then comes the glorious third-and
last-or fourth, if one prefers. with its
sunshine and light, answering Tor all,
1T need not be-"
Picture the composer arriving at home,
and his family, none too keen. as we
say today, on his venture into the SYM
phonic field, asking him, We'll, how
did it go?'
The symphony. as a venture, was a
failure. Nobody liked it, they could not
understand" it on first hearing
Franck knew this, but he was not con-
cerned.
A smile lit his sensitive face.
TT was wonderful" he said. at
sounded just the way knew it would
sound"
That is the spirit in which we will
listen to all music. If we are wise
The record collector, in particular, will
feel that he understands this just little
better than the concert goer.
He builds his collection on the great
composers. but he tries to be broad
minded about it; he knows that there
is many a "jazz" masterpiece which
Beethoven would have been proud to
call his own.
Our correspondent is right. in select
ing only great music. if he wants moth
ing else, but we think few lighter num-
bers would not come amiss in any
collection.
For they show, as nothing else can
the great underlying structure of rhythm
which is the very basis and heart beat,
as it were, of all music Listen to the
African savages, the great gamelon music
of Bali, the "metronome' movement of
Beethoven's eighth symphony, to Benny
Goodman, and you hear under them all
the mighty swing of beat, tempo
rhythm. movement, motion. call it what
you will. If there is anything which
makes music the universal language. it is
this. and the more one knows about
music, the less inclined he is to be
ashamed of it.