The times-news., 1938-11-07

to demand it's return. But after
five years of non-use or misuse,
there would be little value remain
ing. r.'
The antagonism sof the govern
ment and it's officers toward capi-
talistic control of industry is
everywhere apparent. President
Cardenas in expropriating the
Mexican National Railways said
"Whereas, the enterprise is an or
ganization of the capitalistic type
prominently a proft-making or
ganization, and whereas the eX-
preparation will eliminate all its
proft-making characteristics .
the property is hereby conveyed
to the government on grounds of
public utility"
While the Expropriation Law is
used to destroy free private en-
terprise, the Mexican Labor Law
is almost equally effective. 1t en-
ables the Federal government to
create a labor squeeze" which
eliminates private profits until
workers cooperatives" can take
over industrial plants. " " I,
Since this program has been ap-
proved as model for both North
and South America as "hberaP
instrument for destroying free
private enterprise and the profit
system, the provisions of the Mex
lean Labor Law become of gen.
eral interest. The law is enforced
by both national and local author
tiles. Among its provisions are:
The rights of workers are
held to be infringed whenever
an attempt is made to replace a
workman or whenever a dis
missed workman is replaced
prior to his case having been
decided by the Federal Board
of Cancellation and Arbitration,
or whenever a workman, upon
returning to, work, is denied the
right to fill the same position he
left due to sickness, force ma
jeure or leave of absence.
The rights of society are held
to be violated if strikers are
replaced by other workers, or
if a minority attempt to work
after majority have engaged
in legal strike.
All employers must sign COL
lective contracts with unions at
their request. The collective
control, applies to all persons
except managers.
Collective contracts entered
into ,by, two-thirds of the en-
ployers of a given branch of
industry in a region become
binding upon all employers and
workmen if decreed by the Fed
eral Executive. ~ a-.-
Employers. responsibilities un-
der the law include giving pref
erencer to union workers; pro-
viding workers with comfort
able, and hygienic dwellings;
establishing and maintaining
schools for workers. children,
in which instructors follow the
Federal teaching policies; al
lowing workers time off to work
for the union or the govern
Notwithstanding from Hill-treat-
ing workers by word or deed;
deducting from pay envelopes
the dues of the unions and union
cooperative societies and saw
ings funds. --.5
Employers of 400 to 1900
permanent workers must pay
the" expenses of one worker or 3,
the SON of one of theinvorkers
at national or foreign educa-
tional center. Employers of
more than 1000 permanent
workers must provide three
scholarships. ~ o.. ...
Employers are forbidden to
maintain company stores, op-
pose, unions, carry Spn political
or religious propaganda in the
factory, carry arms in plants
without permits, or appear in
shop or factory while intoxi-
Gated. Co., g..
The Mexican Labor Law pro-
vides for conscience decisions"
to replace Legislative judicial
interpretations" The Labor
Courts are required to discard
all precedents and to follow
their conscience" only.
The law is based on a theory
that equilibrium" can be Main
tanned by the courts betEeen
labor and capital. When "Aqui-
librium" is distributed in favoEof
employers, it is the duty of he
Labor Court to adjust wap$s,
hours and working conditions