davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1938-10-07
Mae West Sued for Taxes.

NEW YORK, Oct. Z P.-A State
Tax Commission warrant for s4,01s.33
was hled yesterday In the New York
County clerks office against Mae West,
motion picture star, for the taxable
years Of 1888, inclusive.
Evening star., 1938-10-07

mgs, by national
and State Chair
man Farley, and
presumably by
Gov. Leh m a n
and s e n a t or
Wagner. Until
n o W, nothing
had leaked out
about the Pres
ident's intention
to throw the full
weight Of his
personal inhu-
ence into the
fight to keep the
Empire State in
the Democratic
Evening star., 1938-10-07

They nothing years thing
out-panfuly- this modern
world that modern government responsible for the
political administration fails
tickets forward how worthy
motives-tha administration
President Roosevelt the Deal securely
1882 Cleveland
longer
Elephant within calling distance of ALI
Hoover the kynoter Midwest Republican rally in the
Auditorium did idea of the
he had plenty.
high lights the IN the morning gathered that for the last six
degradation" American morals
period Republicans
power convinced
Evening star., 1938-10-07

rafting" and no
more name-can-
ing and no more
exagger a t / O n S
from the ranks of
induStrialists and
business men, the
impression con-
veyed is that all
such childishness
has come from
one side of our
class war. Maybe
MeSsrs. lex es,
Hopkins, Jackson
ct al really never
meant what they
said in public
Evening star., 1938-10-07

HE opinions of the ,ortters on this page their otcn
necessarily The Stars Such opinions arg presented n
readers although opinions may contradictory
themselves and directly opposed to The Star's
Evening star., 1938-10-07

has to submit to price-hxlng SO
wholesale that the prices Of literally
thousands Of articles in the Reich
are now fictitious. He must accept
the governments orders to manu-
facture synthetic foodstufis and
synthetic clothing, and to sell them.
And he has to look forward to a
very CLANCY economic future.
BY now, the internal debt of
Germany is admittedly 10000, ,000,-
Evening star., 1938-10-07
Headline Folk
and What
TheyDo
Sir John Simon Halls
Chamberlain Policy
on Four Points.
BY LEMUEL F. PARTON.

BY LEMUEL r. PARTON.
THIS department had expected to
deal today with Joe Gordon.
the glamorous Yankee rookie
u In his first world series. But
we discovered that everybody, from the
brakeman on the Erie to the waitress
Evening star., 1938-10-07

me that there will be no great
change in this sad state Of affairs
come November.
Mr.. Hoover had been speaking
for three-quArters Of An hour when
flesh and blood rebelled.
What did Mr.. Hoover say at
Kansas City?
Mr.. Hoover said "Ouch."
Querulously, often bitterly, and
at times almost sacramentally, the
ex-President Of the United States
Evening star., 1938-10-07

There were the Same Plump and
prosperous people, in Nation that
Is fundamentally neither. They were
still doing themselves very nicely
In the more refined bars and res
taurants Of this hospitable and
commodious city. They seem to
have stressed their yearning to be
. party Of the middle class, by
expanding at the waistline, or per-
haps that Is merely streamlining.
Certainly, the average Kansas
4 .,rAiah ,.ro~,,nsif,r - izhk lna hidian
Evening star., 1938-10-07
We, the People
G. O. p. Struck Out in 1892, Keeps Complaining That
Umpire Cheated, Writer Says.
Nv LAY FRANKLIN.


time to time along route through America this summer
- with serious attacks Of convention trouble
professional organizations assemble to eat
At Detroit the annual Detroit
Wenatchee the De Moa at
American Legion Salt Lake City 1t the
chiefs At City Mo, the Republicans
thought two last June.
the Landon nomination.
Evening star., 1938-10-07

To anyone accustomed to the
self-assertveness of American
business men, it seems incredible
that a national sit-down strike has
not occurred long ago in the Reich.
Senator Edward r. Burke, the
great defender of individual lib
critics." recently returned from
Berlin with the report that Hitler
was greater than Bismark, that
all Germany's problems had been
Evening star., 1938-10-07
Coffee Crop Valuable.

Nicaragua expects to receive So
100000 for coffee which will be picked
from trees in December and January.
Evening star., 1938-10-07
The Capital Parade
Only National Sit.Down Strike Seen Hating Nazis'
War Preparations Controls All.

BY JOSEPH ALSOP ROBERT KINTNER.
GAUGING ability
The chief the organization the German under
= the Nazi state.
studies Germany
quoted frankly
make predictions from their carefully collected statistics
that the ler Reich being fashion
and effect have been suspended American
Hters all his nations productivity
not be stopped sit-down strike the
Evening star., 1938-10-07

Is going on in the world of business.
When the President announces that
there ought to be no more "saber-
Evening star., 1938-10-07
Candor Vital
to Business
Inspiration
Assurance Must Pierce
Fog of Skepticism
Roosevelt Created.

BY DAVID LAWRENCE.
y RESIDENT ROOSEVELT is
y either a much misunderstood
man or he Is naive In his una
wareness of what has been and
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1938-03-03
Fred Auerb0ch Entertoins
Members OF Womon's Club

liam Bates, Louise Auxier, Guy
Carleton. P. L. cosgrove, Lii Cur
It's, Ella Curry, John CoStar, Sc
bastian Cabrera, Chester Curry.
Stephen Douglas. W. c. Duncan,
Frank Delaney, Charles Falk. G.
N. Goshorn, ]. S. Golden. Bas-
com Groons-
Mesdames w. Hunt Harris and
guest. A. NJ. Hewett. Clifford
Hicks. Haydn 1llingworth, We
sey Johnson, Wallace Kirke. o. S.
Long. Mary Langford. a d. Lue-
thi. B. c. Moreno. Dan Navarro.
Louis Pierce. Clarence Pierce.
Yates Porter. Lionel Plummer.
William Phelan. Grsyburn Pin
der.
Mesdames Arthur Pastorini.
Fred Prindle. George Reynolds.
Ralph Russell. Charles Roberts.
Jim Sullivan. Lula Seheurer. An
ME Sharpley. Susan ShourdS. B.
D. Trevor. W. R. Porter. J. ].
Trevor. Norberg Thompson
Claude Williams. VIM. White. ".
r Warren. Eva Warner. Ann Liv-
ingSton. Bernie Papy.
Misses Edna Cato, Minnie Por-
ter Harris. Eta Patterson. neen
Williams. Christine Calico.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1938-03-03

In appreciation of the good
work performed by the woman's
Club Of Key West. Fred Auer-
bach. manager of the 4lO Fleming
Street Restaurant, was host to
large gathering of the members
and their guests at the Restau-
rant Tuesday afternoon.
Mr.. Auerbach was introduced
BY Mrs. ]. J. Trevor. president of
the club. and he. in return.
spoke Of the many efforts of the
club IN the city and thanked the
ladies for their work.
With the assistance Of the clubs
Entertainment committee. the
staff of the restaurant had the
many tables attractively arranged
with floral decorations for the
luncheon.
The secretary. Miss Minnie
Porter Harris. asked that the
members and their guests 10 give
Mr.. Anerbaeh a vote Of thanks
for his hospitality.
Members and guests attending
were as follows:
MesdameS James Adams. NJ. E.
Berkowitz and guest. Ed Bayly.
Carl Bervaldi. Frank Brown. VIII
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1938-03-03
]" The Isle Of Chance" To Be
Presented Here TOMORROW Night

Of characters. it is supported by
Is follies: Lois Malone, Della Mac
Pierce. Margaret Bernal. Humble
lima Norcissa, Ella Nicolai. Bon
ME Mae Watkins. Carmen Nc
Beth, Marguerite Page. Virginis
McClanahan, Sylvia Pinder,
Louise Niles, Macy Palenzuela.
Mary Sawyer.
Junior Follies are: Lillian Rod.
riguez. Marion Solano, Claudina
Garcia; Junior Sailors are: Billy
Warner and Forrest Eugene Ar
thur: Shadows are: John Yates
Jerome Berkowitz, Jerome Saw
yer. Tom Ketchings. John Neff
and Charles Sands.
Spirits of Spring are: Margaret
Dexter, Lenora Whitaker, Susan
Roberts. Juanita Dongo, Agnes
Thompson. Lelanette Roberts, Do
lores Armayor, Dorothea Stricken.
Miss Mary Faye Mechanism is
the pianist.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1938-03-03
Mrs. Stephen Douglass Elected
To Presidency Of Wonan's Club
Ry MRS. G. N. GosHoRN)

pointed to represent the Key West
club. She will extend an invita-
ton to the state president and
ether officers to attend our
Mothers and Daughters luncheon
which viii be held in May.
The club voted to send five dol
lars to the General Federation
Club House in Washington, D. c.,
for furnishings.
The following officers were
elected to serve for the ensuing
year:
Mrs. Stephen Douglass, presi-
dent; Mrs. ]. j. Trevor, first vice
president; Mrs. A. Pastorini, Sec
end vice president; Mrs. John
Roberts, corresponding secretary;
Mrs. Mary Landlord, recording
secretary; Miss Minnie Porter
Harris, treasurer; Mrs. Dan Ma
varro, auditor; Mrs. Norberg
Thompson, Mrs. G. N. Goshorn,
directors.
It was decided to extend the
open meetings of the Club
through April. There being no
further business the meeting was
turned over to Mrs. Eva Warner,
who presented Mrs. Ann Living
ston and Miss Christine Calico,
from Jacksonville, who are here
in the interest of the recreational
division of the WPA.
Miss Calico lead the club in sew
eral group songs with Mrs. Liv-
ingston at the piano.
A solo. Sylvia, was then
sung by Miss Calico.
Mrs. Warner sang two of the
favorite Spanish songs by re-
quest after which Miss Livingston
rendered a delightful piano selec-
ton.
The meeting adjourned and the
hospitality committee served tea
and cakes.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1938-03-03

The Isle of Chance, operetta
in two acts. win be presented to-
morrow evening. BIS o'clock, UNI
der the auspices of Key West
High School Music Department.
This IS an annual event sponsored
by this group and is being direct
ed .f3y Miss Edna B. Smith. head
OF the music department.
Seine of this musical comedy
takes place on the shore of an is
land Operetta is one of the out
standing events in school year.
Play this year has attracted more
intetest than ever due to the APP
prottiste title, The Isle Of
chahcer.
Daring the intermission be-
tween Acts I and 2. Miss Florence
DilI6h win give an exhibition Of
a Ballpon Dance. Music for this
act H3ll be furnished by John
Pfitehkrd.
II sddition to the regular cast
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1938-03-03

After being entertained by Fred
Auefbach with a delightful lunch
con the members of the Key West
Woman's Club motored out to the
Library where the regular month
ly meeting of the club was held.
Mrs. J. ]. Trevor, the president.
called the meeting to order at
foufso'clock. After the club prayer
and allegiance to the Flag were
gireni in unison the minutes and
;Feasurer's report were read.
Reports of the various commit
tees were given. The member
ship committee reported three
new members as follows: Mrs.
Guy Carleton, Mrs. w. ]. Ingling
snd Mrs. z. e. Williams.
The Fine Arts Department, in
cooperating with Miss Edna
Smith, music director of the Jun
ior- Senior High School, reported
that Mr.. Jeffrey O'Hara, concert
pianist and poet, win be here for
en- evenings entertainment on
March. "a. 8 p, m, at the High
School Auditorium and requested
each member and visitor to avail
themselves of the opportunity of
hearing this artist.
Miss Smith also announced the
opefetta to be put on Friday night
by the High School Glee Club.
Mrs. o. S. Long, sponsor of
the Junior Club. announced the
recent dance as very successful
considering that another dance
washed on the same night. The
money derived from this affair
wasf turned over to the Senior
club for the purpose of buying
new books for the Library.
The president announced that
the Florida Federation of Wo-
mars Clubs would be held at
West Palm Beach this month and
Mrs. Stephen Douglass was ap-
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1938-03-03
SHOPPING Is FUN
AT DEPT. STORE

Department store shopping is
fun Hours and hours are joy
fully spent, by the women folk
and, men too, for that matter
going over wardrobes to be de-
sired, latest style garments,
shoes, clothing for children all
kinds of accessories.
Such is the experience related
by many Key West shoppers who
follow the daily advertisements
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1938-03-03

vile, Olga Ramos, Ondina Pita.
Lydia Garcia. Juliette Diaz-
Ninth Grade-Orindia Ramos,
ELISHA Moreno, Sylvia Trigillo.
Dorothy Parks, Jessie Anderson,
Ester Gonzalez. Bertha Gonzales.
Mymphia Cato, Freda Hancock,
Dulce Castro. Feldalia Vargas.
Annabelle Moffat.
Sisters Superior, Louis. Mary
Hedwedge, Julian Marie, EsteIles
and Cecilia.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1938-03-03
Convent Pupils Entertain AT
Enjoyable Social On Tuesday

Seventh Grade-Teacher. Sister
Gorgetie. Norma Nickerson. Olga
Reneio. Martha Malone. Evan
gelin Lopez. Mary Garcia. Ruth
Hancock. Catherine Yradi. Rosa
belle Bethel. Gloria Myers Ruth
Page. Norma Bzrroso. Orquides
CueSta. Migdaiin Solano. Merle
Roberts LOIS BuSto. Barbara
Sherman. Esther BezzniIla.
Eighth Grade-Orchid Lake.
Sylvia Gwynn. Madeline Lunder.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1938-03-03

IN this paper sponsored b. ms
city's only department store
and the largest store IN KEY WesL
You name the item TINS faVurise
store hasn't got. See-you sam
do il, can YOU
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1938-03-03
Sea Scouts Plan
Entertainment

The Sea Scouts of Ship No. 8
are planning to nave an amateur
contest at Bayview Park starting
Wednesday. March 9. according
to announcement made by Ralph
Thompson, mate of the ship.
The program is to consist of
home talent. Prizes are to be
given away.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1938-03-03

The Latin people are famous
for their graceful dances, es-
pecially the Rhumba and the
Bolero. Four hundred representa-
tives of the Latin Clubs of Tampa
will stage typical Latin dances at
La Verbena del Tobacco to be held
in Tampa
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1938-03-03

The TN and sth grades at the
Convent entertained the 9th
grade with a very enjoyable So
cial Tuesday afternoon from 40
til : o'clock.
Einko was played and a num-
her Of prizes were distributed.
after which the girls danced.
Delicious refreshments were
served
Those who enjoyed the after.
noon were:
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1938-03-03

Edgar Pangle, first assistant en-
gineer on the Lighthouse Tender
Ivy, returned Tuesday over the
highway from a business trip to
headquarters of the department
in Charleston, S. c.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1938-03-03

tie daughter, Daisy, and Mrs. Lo-
reno Cook. formerly Miss Lorena
Givens. who were visiting brief
ly with relatives and friends, left
over the highway this afternoon
for their homes in Tampa.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1938-03-03

Mr.. and Mrs. jacob Schneider
and Mr.. and Mrs Louis Sloan,
visitors from Detroit, Mich, who
left last week for a short visit IN
Havana, returned on the Cuba
Tuesday afternoon.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1938-03-03

DR. John Harvey kellogg MN
ton authority and protagonist of
biologic life, celebrated ms S6lh
birthday at Miami, SATURDAY.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1938-03-03

John NJ. Mccarthy, father of
Lieutenant E. r. Mccarthy, of
the Coast and Geodetic Survey,
is a visitor in Key West and the
guest of Lieutenant and Mrs. Nc
Carthy.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1938-03-03

Mrs. Frank Benjamin, who was
visiting in Key West as q guest
at the home OF MIR. and Mrs. Clar-
ence Symonette, left over the
highway this morning for Miami
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1938-03-03
NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS..
PERSONAL MENTION

Rev. John MeCreery, Sd, who
last week conducted a mission at
st. Mary's Star of the Sea church,
left on the Cuba Tuesday after
noon for St. Petersburg
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1938-03-03

Mrs. Mortimer Ellis, Mrs. Fred
Walters and Mrs. Jack Holmes,
who were spending one week in
the city. left over the highway
this morning for West Palm
Beach.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1938-03-03

Roger W. Babson. statistician
who wears his white moustache
and chin whiskers a la Buffalo
Bill". says the recession has hit
bottom and at least two good
years are beginning.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1938-03-03

George Black, director of the
camera crew of March of Time.
left over the highway this morn
ing for Miami.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1938-03-03

Mrs. Walter Eckberg, who was
before marriage Miss Alphonsine
Cleare, is guest of her parents,
Mr.. and Mrs Allan B. Cleare, Sr.,
on North Beach. She arrived
from New York several days
ago.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1938-03-03
S OCI AL / o nv
ACTIVITIES H. 1
Social Calendar
THURSDAY

THURSDAY
Concert, Hospitality Band. 8
P. NJ. Bayview Park Band
stand.
Meeting. Stephen R. Mallory
Chapter, United Daughters of
the Confederacy. 4 P. NJ.
Home of Mrs. Allan B. Cleare,
Sr., 900 North Beach.
might on the Old Plantation"
Auspices Past Pocahontas
Chapter. 8 P NJ. Harris
School Auditorium.
FRIDAY
isle of Chance, operetta- Key
West High School Glee Club
and Orchestra. BIS P. NJ.
High School Auditorium.
Meeting, Room Mothers, Harris
School Parent Teacher Asso-
citation. $3.50 P. M. Home of
Mrs. Jane Singleton, Eliza
beth street.
SATURDAY,
Annual might in Havana"
Cabaret. $50 P. NJ. Habana-
Madrid Club.
Novelty Dance, Key West
Country Club. 10 P. NJ.
Country Club.
SUNDAY
Concert, Hospitality Band. 4 P.
NJ South Beach
MONDAY
Meeting, Musical Guild. 8 P.
M. Oversee Hotel Salon.
TUESDAY,
Stone Church Service Club
weekly luncheon. 6 P. NJ.
Church Annex.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1938-03-03

Robert Givens, ST., Mr.. and
Mrs. Robert Owens, Jr., and lit
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1938-03-03

Mrs. NJ. H. Griswold, who was
visiting for several weeks at
Sarasota, Fla, was returning
passenger on the Cuba from Tam
pa this morning.
The Skyland post. [volume] (West Jefferson, N.C.) 193?-1988, 1938-06-23

products that are helping The Post
in this community undertaking. Par
ticipating in the cooking school are:
Nationally Known Firms
Kraft-Phenix Cheese Corp, Lew
'er Brothers, Pillsbury Flour Mills
Company, Fruit Dispatch Company,
Thomas j. Upton, Inc, Frigidaire
Corp, Quaker Oats Company.
West Jefferson Firms
Central Radio Company, Kraft
Phenix Cheese plant, Be1k's Dept,
Store, Smithey's Department store,
w. j. Parts Company, Rhodes Furni-
ture Company, Burgess Furniture
store, Parker Tie Company, Parker's
Store, DR.. Pepper Bottling Company,
Duncan Motor Company, Rich Hill
Farm, GRAPHICAL Drug Store, Ray
Drug Store, Northwest Carolina
Utilities, Parkway Theatre.
The Skyland post. [volume] (West Jefferson, N.C.) 193?-1988, 1938-06-23
Proper Breeding And Feeding
Stressed At Field Day Friday

Goodman, president or the Ashe
Dairymen's Association, sponsors OF
the field day.
DR.. Grinnell, director of the state
farm experiment station in Raleigh
gave an illustrated talk on feeds and
told about the results obtained Sc
far from the experiments being con-
Quoted on the Rich Hill Farm to
find out what fertilization is best
suited in Ashe and when is the best
time to cut hay here.
"Ashe county to me has one big
job and that is of producing pro-
teins, either in the form of beef or
milk. Therefore in order to pro-
duce proteins you have to feed pro-
teins to the animals" he declared.
"The experiments here show that
the best time to cut hay is when the
hay is in bloom and not wait un-
til it seeds. If you wait, the fibre
content is high and the protein con-
tent is low" he explained.
J. A. Arey, dairy extension special
list of State College, discussed the
value of breeding and feeding of
dairy cows. "The cow and pasture
is systaem of farming that checks
erosion and good pasture is the foun-
dalton of successful livestock rails
ing" he said.
He stated that the farmers Of
North Carolina are buying around
$35,OOO,OO0 worth of fertilizer each
year which indicates part of the
price we are paying for erosion.
''You can't do much about prices
you get because of the law of sup
ply and demand, but you can con-
troll the cost of production. The first
thing you need is good cows and
second, a good pasture"
To have good stock it is not nee
essary that they be registered ami
mails, he stated and said that only
3 percent of the cows in the country
are registered. "But you do
need real sires," he asserted. To
find out the value of sire it is nee
essary to keep him at least S or 6
years to determine what his daught-
ers produce.
F. r. Farnham praised the work of
the Ashe Dairymen's Association
and told about an interesting expert
ment which showed that the cow is
the greatest producer of food of any
animal.
The Skyland post. [volume] (West Jefferson, N.C.) 193?-1988, 1938-06-23
TO GIVE A RADIO AT
COOKING SCHOOL
Continued from Rage ~


Northwest Carolina Utilities Co.
The. daily prizes to be awarded
after each session are: to the first
"a ladies who enter the Parkway
theatre after the doors are opened
at 2 p. M, DR.. Pepper Bottlng Com
pany here will give an ice cold bot
tie of Dr. Pepper; five-pound pack
ages of Pillsbury Flour, packages
Of Pillsbury. SnoSheen Cake flour
and 2 packages of Farina; one gift
box from Quaker Oats Company; 2
large prizes of assorted soap pro-
ducts by Lever Brothers Company;
several new cooking utensils by
Farmers Hardware Company; basket
of groceries by Parker's Store; a
prize from Smithey's store; $1.94
Nali-Bee house dress, Belk's Dept.
store; novel flashlight, by w. j. Parts
company; attractive gifts for the
automobile, by Duncan Motor Com
pany, paint, floor wax, etc., by Park
er Tie Company, candy by Ray Drug
Company, shampoo and finger wave,
Skyland Beauty Shoppe.
The Skyland post. [volume] (West Jefferson, N.C.) 193?-1988, 1938-06-23
POSTS COOKING SCHOOL
HERE STARTS MONDAY

Continued from Page One)
son in the theatre will have large
as life, and twice as natural view
of each operation. There win be
no orchestra circle" at this enter
tainment, since the back row guests
of The Post will have an equal
chance to peer into the busy mix
ing bowl, watching the deft steps
of measuring, Dreaming, sitting, and
thorough mixing, not overlooking
the final work of baking, roasting,
French frying, Or freezing.
Not only does this picture show
new dishes, styles, and interesting
ways to serve every meal and party
feaSts, but it demonstrates how to
make intelligent use of the ingen-
iouS mechanical servants that take
the guess work out of house work.
What about recipes? Naturally
every guest of The Post will want
to test these tantalizing cures for
menu monotony. Free recipe sheets
will be distributed daily. And 9TH
er things will be given away-val-
liable gifts that will find long and
useful life in many a home.
Guests of the school will want
to meet and remember the friendly
local firms and Acknowledgements