Evening star., 1938-06-25

IuSL HtytL.
judgeships have been created in order
to expedite the trial of cases, and
greater fexibility has been added to
the Federal judicial system by allow
ing judges to be assigned to congested
districts.
Another indirect accomplishment Of
this Congress has been its response
to the devotion of the American peo-
pie to a course Of sane, consistent
liberalism. The Congress has UNDER
stood that under modern conditions
Government has q continuing re-
sponsibility to meet continuing prob
lens, and that Government cannot
take a holiday Of year, . month,
or even . day Just because . few peo-
pie are tired or frightened by the In
escapable pace OF this modern world
in which We live.
Some OF my opponents and some OF
my associates have considered that !
have mistakenly sentimental judg-
ment as to the tenacity Of purpose
and the general level Of intelligence
Of the American people.
Honest Financing and Share
For All Are Upheld.
am still convinced that the Ameri-
can people. since 1892, continue to
insist on two requisites Of private en-
terprise, and the relationship of Gov
ernment to 1t. The first Is complete
honesty at the top in looking after
the use Of other peoples money, and
in apportioning and paying individual
and corporate taxes according to
ability to pay. The second is sim
cere respect for the need Of all at
the bottom to get work-and through
work to get really fair share Of the
good things of life, and a chance to
save and rise.
After the election Of 1886 I was told,
and the Congress was told, by an
increasing number of politically-and
worldly-wise people that 1 should
coast along. enjoy an easy presidency
for four years, and not take the Demo-
cratic platform too seriously. They
told me that people were getting
weary Of reform through political
effort and would no longer oppose
that small minority which, In spite
Of its own disastrous leadership in
1929. Is always eager to resume its
control over the Government Of the
United States.
Never in our lifetime has such q
concerted campaign Of defeatism been
thrown 1T the heads Of the President
and Senators and Representatives a.
In the case of this Seventy-fifth Con-
gress. Never before have We had SC
many Copperheads-and you will re.
member that it was the Copperheads
who, in the days OF the War Between
the States, tried their best to make
Lincoln and his Congress give up the
fight. let the Nation remain split
in two and return to peace-peace at
any price.
This Congress has ended on the side
of the people. My faith in the Ameri-
can people-and their faith in them
selves-have been justified I con-
gratulate the Congress and the leader
ship thereof and I congratulate the
American people on their own staying
power.
Earning Powers Compared
In Various Years.
One word about our economic situ-
alton. 1t makes no difference to me
whether you call it recession or q
depression. In 1892 the total national
income Of all the people in the country
had reached the low point Of $38, ,00O,-
000, 900 In that year. With each sue
ceeding year it rose. Last year, 1887,
it had risen to SO. .000, ,000, ,000-despite
definitely worse business and agricuf-
tural prices in the last four months
Of that year. This year. 1898, while
it is too early to do more than give
an estimate, we hope that the national
income will not fall below $60, 900 ,000.-
600. We remember also that banking
and business and farming are not fall
ing apart like the one-hoss shay, as
they did In the terrible winter of 1882
1893.
Last year mistakes were made by the
leaders Of private enterprise, by the
leaders Of labor and by the leaders of
Governmental three.
Last year the leaders of private en-
terprise pleaded for a sudden curtail-
ment Of public spending, and said
they would take up the slack. But
they made the mistake of increasing
their inventories too fast and setting
many Of their prices too high for their
goods to sell.
Some labor leaders, goaded by dec
ades of oppression of labor, made the
mistake Of going too far. They were
not wise in using methods which
frightened many wishing people.
They asked employers not only to
bargain with them but to put up with
jurisdictional disputes at the same
time
Government, too, made mistakes-
mistakes Of optimism in assuming that
industry and labor would themselves
make no mistakes-and Government
made mistake of timing in not pass
ing q farm bill or q wage and hour
bill last year.
Hopes Capital and Labor
VIII Act Intelligently.
As result of the lessons of all these
mistakes we hope that in the future
private enterprise-capital and labor
alike-will operate more intelligently
together. and in greater cooperation
with their own Government than they
have in the past. Such cooperation
on the part Of both of them will be
very welcome to me. Certainly at this
stage there should be united stand
on the part Of both Of them to resist
wage cuts which would further reduce
purchasing power.
Today . great steel company an
nounced . reduction in prices with q
view to- stimulating business recovery,
and I WAS gratined to know that this
reduction involved no wage cut. Every
encouragement should be given to in
dustry, which accepts q large volume.
high wage policy.
Il this y done. 1t ought to result