davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1938-04-07

The trip had proved that the road to
Tortosa was being defended stubbornly
and steadily and was highly defensible;
that frances forces, trying to march
down the Ebro to the sea, had ad-
vanced only S kilometers in the last
three days; that the morale of the
government troops defending Tortosa
and the Neutrality-suspicious. road was
excellent: that there was no evidence
of any kind Of panic or discourage
ment. but that the troops were very,
very tired.
All the way back toward Tarragona
We passed fresh troops, guns and
trucks loaded with munitions. going
toward the front. Make no mistake
on this, there have been break
throughS, exploited to the full by
mechanical force. Good government
troops have been flanked by enemy
troops pushing through at soft spots
in the line. Important towns and key
towns have been taken. But learning
from an officer just returned from
there that Lerida is now a sort of
no-man's land; with the government
troops still standing solidly outside
OF it across the blown-up bridge, and
seeing the fight being made for Tor
tosa, you see the extent and serious
ness OF the government resistance.
It's not over yet by long shot, and
one thing that has been learned in
this Spanish war is that anything
can happen and that the experts are
always wrong.
(Copyright, 1885 by the North American
Newspaper Alliance, Inc1
Evening star., 1938-04-07

oAiS WCSb Odllh VI Vic EJUI ". IL all
easy road to defend. protected on the
left by cliffs and ridges and on the
right by the sullen, swirling coffee
colored flood Of the Ebro. A soldier
told us part of the road was under
fire. He wasn't sure just which part.
"A little farther up" he said. but
you will be all right if you keep under
the trees and under the shelter of the
left bank"
So, wrapping the nickeled radiator
cap in rag and turning the spotlight
toward the rear so it would not reflect
the light, We worked our way along.
Machine Guns Ahead.
Stopping to ask another soldier who
was walking leisurely in the direction
OF the front where headquarters was
located, we heard machine gun fire
hammering on ahead and the noise
OF shells bursting. Then, above these
reaSsurlng sounds that meant the
front was located, came the drone of
planes and the bung. bung, bung
of bombs.
Leaving the car in the shade made
by the steep left bank, we climbed
to the top of steep, terraced ridge,
where he could see the planes. Be-
low us was the river, the title town
OF Cherta in bend between the river
and the road, and beyond, the planes
were bombing where road cut be-
tween mountains that looked as though
they had been nodded in gray papier-
mache for some fantastic stage set.
Black puffs of anti-aircraft bursts
blossomed around them and showed
they were government planes. Gov
ernment anti-aircraft bursts are white.
Then, with noise as though the sky
was being hammered to pices, more
bombers came over. Crouched against
stone wall on the ridge top, taking
advantage of the shadow cast, you saw
from the red wing tips they were
government, too
Fire Is Intensified.
AS the droning faded, the machine
gun firing intensified ahead, and. as
the shelling increased, you knew there
was an attack a little way up the road.
You climbed down from the ridge.
but before you came down you had
a chance to study the excellent defen-
sive position that runs west from
Cherta. If its heights can be held,
Tortosa can be held.
Beside the car was an Andalusian
soldier from division holding a line
up the river. He was tall and gaunt
and very cool and very tired.
You can go on past the town, but
there has had to be little retire
ment today, SO I wouldn't go too far"
he said.
He said his brigade had been sur
rounded three times since the drive
toward the sea had started, had cut It's
way out and drifted through at night
and now had rejoined the division
We've held them three days now,"
he said The Italian infantry is no
good and We drive them back when
ever we counter attack, but they've
got so much artillery and planes and
we've been fighting three weeks now
with no rest. The men are all very
tired"
On through Cherta. which had been
bombed in the morning, and along
road recently strafed by machine gun
fire. We drove until we found a motor
cycle dispatch rider dismounting under
the shelter of tree. He told us the
road was under fire ahead. so We
turned back and drove down the Ebro
to Tortosa.
Evening star., 1938-04-07

war materials to China, French off,
cials here declare that neither the
japanese threat to occupy Hainan
Island nor any other form of coercion
by Japan will cause the French to give
up their right of selling and shipping
war materials to country which has
the means Of paying for such supplies.
Business is business" said one
French authority, land we refuse to be
forced into any such legislation as the
American Neutrality Act, which, in
this case, favors the stronger of the
two belligerents.
The chief points at which war sup
plies are landing for China appear to
be Hong Kong. Haiphong (the port for
HanoD and Saigon.
Evening star., 1938-04-07
FRENCH SUPPLYING
CHINA WITH ARMS|
War Materials Pouring Into
HankoW on Rail Line
From |ndo-China.
Nv JAMES A. MILLS.

honoSihbcu 1lcoS roIc1SH SOIAcSpCHueHJ.
HANOI, French Indo-China, April
Japan has failed to stop the
shipment Of war supplies into China
by way Of French Indo-China and
other routes.
Thousands of tons of American avia-
ton gasoline, hundreds of foreign air.
planes, scores of armored tanks and
military tractors and endless numbers
of machine guns. rifles and ammuni-
ton continue to flow steadily into
HankoW and other Chinese cities by
way of the FTench-built Hanoi Yum
nan Railroad and the French-oWned
Hanoi-Caobang Railway
Thus far the japanese authorities,
apparently fearing the wrath of
France, have not attempted to bomb
the French railway carrying these sup
plies beyond the border of French
Indo-China into China proper. Nor
have they tried, up to the present, to
blockade foreign steamers carrying war
supplies to the French Indo-C China
ports of Haipong, Saigon and Tourane
Contrary to belief abroad that Japan
persuaded the French authorities to
discontinue the shipments of foreign
Evening star., 1938-04-07

plenty by getting OUR appraisal
first! Phone MAJ. 1921 or drive TO
5, 7, 9, II NEW YORK AVE. NE.
LEO ROCCA, INC, DODGE, PLYM-
OUTH DIRECT FACTORY DEALERS.
Evening star., 1938-04-07
By ERNEST HEMINGWAY.

tNANA)-Drivng between the
dynamite
| road worked the Ebro Valley
- reported taken wild
Iortosa the smashed its three
and traffic moving freely
left
Evening star., 1938-04-07
Loyalists' Morale Still High,
Tort0sa Held, Writer Finds
Traffic Is Moping Freely Bet,oeen
Valencia and Barcelona-Bridges
Are Intact.
Are Intact.

The situation behind the
drive to reach the Mediterranean described
author "FdreUeH
Not" who recently returned % Spain.
Evening star., 1938-04-07
&aer.& &AL .>>.
IKE A0ME MO RE

More for your money is OUR WATCHWORD!
Knockout prices OUR HOBBY! How do we do ii?
You serve yourseIf-ond it's fun to do it, This cuts
our operating expenses We poss these cuts oIong
to you in shorpIy lower prices. And our prices are
rock-bottom every doy in the week. Our Knockout
values have knocked the high cost Of living fot on
its back. Come eorIy-bring your friends. SAVE
DOLLARS INSTEAD OF PENNIES. a
Evening star., 1938-04-07

A lot more money
for your old cor if
you trode now on
O new 1888 Dodge
or Plymouth. Our
Used Car stock is
10 Wv e n e e d
more and we're
willing to pay for
them, You'll sove
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1938-11-18
WHY
Some Birds Are So Arrogant
Still Unexplained.

The most. conceited citizen of the
bird kingdom is the common turkey
cock. He is powerful, arrogant, ag-
gressive, ever seeking quarrel, but
usually the first combatant to run
away when fight really takes
place. Why has Nature endowed him
with such a strange medley of quail
tiles?
Why is it that the common male
barnyard fowl has been singled out
by Nature to be perpetual demon
strator of the art of politeness to
the weaker sex? AS soon as the
cockerel grows a comb and can
crow, he begins to pay marked at
tention to the opposite sex, observes
writer in London Tit-Bits Maya
zine. He tends them, hunts for
them, and declines to eat until they
have satisfied their wants. For ages
mankind has been killing off cock
erels, but the chivalry of the barn
yard fowl remains untarnished.
Pigeons have been used and
studied for ages, but who can ex-
plain by what mysterious sense the
homer sets his course? A young
bird has been sent away 100 miles
and liberated in strange surround
ings, and within a few hours has
been found safely perched in his own
loft. How did he find his way
home?
Swifts will nest year after year
under the caves of the same build
ing. In spring they cross the ocean
and take up their old abode in Eng
land. Close observers have noticed
that they return each year within a |
few days of the date of their first
arrival. How do they time a jour-
ney Of a thousand miles or more
with such uncanny accuracy?
Who, too, can say why the cuckoo |
hen deposits her eggs in the nest
of small birds and never by any
chance matches them herself?
Why are powerful birds, which |
live by killing, lacking in courage
as compared with the tiny tom-tit, |
who will tackle a bird three times |
it's own size and beat him? Birds |
of the rapacious kinds are rarely |
known to engage in combat with |
their equals in size and strength.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1938-11-18
Why Presidents Wife Is
"First Lady of the Land''

The wife of the President of the
United States has been called 'the
First Lady of the Land ever since
the establishment of the federal gov
eminent. There are two reasons for
this usage. During the Revolution
and the two decades following, the
title Lady" was applied to the wife
of any man of distinction. Mrs.
Washington was known as Lady
Washington, and an attempt was
made in society circles to give that
title to the wives of later Presidents,
but the custom was discontinued be-
cause titles smacking of English
aristocracy were distasteful to the
majority of Americans.
The Presidents wife was called
''the First Lady of the Land" be-
cause the presidency is regarded as
the highest position any man can
attain in this country and his wife
is given social precedence over all
other women. When the President
is not married the woman who pre-
sides socially over the White House
is called ''The First Lady of the
Land"
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1938-11-18
How Problem of Mirages
Ia Connected With Light

The solution of the problem of
miraees in the road is really gov
erned by one of the fundamental
laws of light. If sheet Of glass be
held vertically in front OF the eyes,
vision through it is unobstructed.
But If the top edge Of the glass IS
now tilted away from the face, until
the surface takes horizontal po-
sition Just below the level OF the
eyes, it will be seen on looking
along the upper surface that nothing
is visible through the glass because
it is acting as mirror. The angle
at which this change takes place is
called the Critical ANGLE" accord
ing to a correspondent in Pearson's
London Weekly.
In the case of the road surface,
until the critical angle is reached,
the majority of the light falling on
the road is either absorbed or scat
tered. Under certain circumstances,
however, the light is reflected into
the observers eye, giving the APP
pearance of a sheet of water or
glass.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1938-11-18
why Chimney Has Draft

Draft in chimney fiue is caused
by the difference in weight between
a volume of air on the outside and
an equal volume Of products of COM
bustion from the fire on the inside.
The higher the temperature of a
given weight Of air, the greater is
its total volume and the lighter the
weight of its unit volume. This pro-
duces a condition of unbalanced
pressure at the base of the flue.
The rising of the lighter gases with
in the chimney tends to equalize
the pressure. So long as the fire
burns this condition of unbalanced
pressure persists, the result being
draft.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1938-11-18

All previous records for the num-
Der of private jobs filed by the
Maryland State Employment Service
were broken last week when the IA
offices of this State Agency made
619 private placements.
Baltimore led the list Of the Of
fees during this record-Dreaking
week by filling SOC jobs with private
employers.
Second came Cumberland with
121 private jobs filed. Other Offices
which had good week, Frederick
where As private jobs were filed,
Hagerstown which placed A people
and Hyattsville where 80 men and
women went back to private jobs.
Other Offices in the State Service
with private jobs filled follow:
Cambridge with 10; Salisbury, 13;
Westminster, 13; Annapolis, 12;
Towson, 10; Oakland, s; and Ches-
tertown, /.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1938-11-18
OLD AGE INSURANCE

@. have lost may job, which was
covered by the old-age insurance
provisions of the Social Security Act
1 am unable to obtain other employ
ment Would it be possible for MT
to collect Social Security benefits?
A. Unless you have reached the
age of 65, you are not eligible fol
lump-sum payment under the old
age insurance provisions of the Soc
lal Security Act. 1t may be that you
are eligible for unemployment com
pensation benefits under your State
law. You could find out from youl
local Unemployment Compensation
or Employment Service Office.
@. 1 am a school teacher, but /
shall work in store during the
Christmas holidays. Will then come
under the old-age insurance provi-
sions of the Social Security Act.
A. You will, and you should get
a social security account number
Keep your account card but
show your account number to your
employer. He will need the numbei
to make his reports to the Bureau
of Internal Revenue, which is charg-
ed with collecting the taxes under
the Social Security Act.
@. / worked in shirt factory fol-
some time before reached the age
of 65; but / failed to get social
security account number. Would it
be possible for me to collect old-age
insurance benefits?
A. 1t is entirely possible. But the
claim could be filed and certified for
payment, with less delay, if you had
social security account number. Nc
payment of Old-age insurance can
be approved until claim is filed,
and proof of the claimants right TO
benefits lis submitted. AS a rule the
amount of any benefit payment
of old-age insurance is based on the
wage-record kept under the claim
ants social securiay account number.
You should go to your nearest Soc
ial Security Board field Office and
talk with someone there. However,
| if 1t is found that you are actually
entitled to old4age insurance, you
will be assigned a social security
account number and then you can
file your claim.
@. have lost my social security
account number. What should / do
about it?
A. You should so or write i'm
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1938-11-18
ITEM, NUMBER 1, IMPORTANT

Thanksgiving Day, as usual will
mark the opening of the nationwide
sale of the Christmas seals through
which much of the tuberculosis
work in this country is financed. The
allotment for this state will be dis
tributed through the Maryland Tu-
berculosis Association. The sale Will
continue until the close of the Christ
mas season.
Urging prompt and generous buy
ing of the little stickers, DR.. r. Il
Riley, Director of the State Depart
ment of Health said: "Put 'tuber-
culosis seals as Item, Number l,
Important, ct the head OF your shop
ping list. Buy early and often-and
then buy some more You can have
great satisfaction in the investment
because every seal you buy helps
provide ammunition for the fight
against this disease that hits hardest
at young people and at older ones
in the prime of life. 1t is significant
that special emphasis is laid in the
design for this years seal, with it's
tiny picture of family group, on
the protection of the home from
tuberculosis.
Every part of the State, and
every age group-young and old
benefit from the sale of the little
seals. Some of the capital derived
from your investment in the seals
1a oil MI
the counties under joint direction OF
the State Department of Health and
the Maryland tuberculosis Associa-
ton. Since the partnership was start
ed fifteen years ago, over $4,000 per-
sons-men, women and children
have had the benefit of chest exam
nations by physicians with special
experience in this field, and OF adj
vice and after care in sanatoria or
in their own homes.
sSome of the money derived from
the sale of the Christmas seals is
used for the purchase of portable
x-ray outfits and other equipment
that enable the doctors to detect the
presence of the diease before irrepar-
able damage has been done. Some OF
it Is used for educational purposes,
for training doctors and nurses in
the treatment and care of those ex-
posed to the diease or suffering from
it. The summer work at Miracle
House, where children who have
been in contact with tuberculosis are
cared for, and built up SO that they
can resist the disease is slso made
possible through the sale of the
seals.
"Underlying the whole plan of the
campaign against tuberculosis is the
idea of prevention, of checking the
disease at it's source, of discovering
it's presence when the possibility OF
cure or complete control is great
est. You will be helping to accomp-
lish these things when you invest in
the seals. The price of the seals
only a penny piece-makes it pos
sible for every body to help.
$50 let's all do our part to max
this the best seal sale we have ever
had.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1938-11-18
THE OYSTER-THE TRUE SYM.
Boil OF GOOD EATING
DR.. Lewis Radcliffe, Director
The Oyster Institute Of N. America,
Washington, d. G.

Whom the Pilgrims applied for q
charter for the Mayflower from King
James of England, they asked leave
ito worship God according to their
own conscience and to catch fish,"
At the period when the Mayflower
dropped anchor on our shores the
bays, coves and mouths of rivers
from Cape Cod north to Maine and
westward along both shores of Long
Island Sound had wealth of natural
beds of oysters. At times the early
colonists were largely dependent on
the rich resources of fish and she'll
fish and on that original Thanksgiv-
ing Day in 1921 when Governor
Bradford, of the Plymouth Colony,
appointed day for public praise
and prayer after the harvest, there
is little doubt that oysters were in
Guided among the food items.
Thanksgiving is period of heavy
eating. Oysters are particularly
adapted for use on feast days. They
are easily digested and would con-
tribute little, if anything, to the af
ter-effects of over-ea ting. In fact,
the number of oysters one may eat
at a sitting is almost beyond belief.
While exact figures are lacking as to
the number one may safely con-
sumo, is is reported of a Frenchman,
M. Laferte, at the thirty-secOnd
dozen he was just beginning to get
up an appetite. We must remember,
however, that the French oyster is
very much smaller than our Eastern
oysters. Some may recall the
statement attributed to Thackeray
who after swallowing one of oul
large oysters, upon being asked how
he felt replied Profoundly grateful,
as if 1 had swallowed small baby"
OF Diamond Jim Brady it has been
said that the first course of his meai
consisted of three dozen large Lynn
haven oysters, as big as your hand
to be followed by two Holsters or two
dozen hard-shelled crabs.
Another subject about which there
IS considerable dispute is the ques-
ton as to whether oysters should
ever be cooked. Somehow or other"
according to Schloesser there is
something persuasively and person
ally intimate in ones relations with
an oyster, or with a couple dozen
oysters for that matter. Really
good oysters are too precious to be
cooked, but should be degustated in
puris naturalibus. While many ex-
perts on the subject of oysters will
prefer theirs in their natural state as
the first course of the Thanksgiving
dinner, many others hold that the
only proper stuffing for the Thanks
giving birds, be it turkey, duck,
goose or chicken, is oyster stuffing
While there are stuffings and then,
more stuffings, and each has it's own
long list of admirers, the delicate
seafood flavor of the oyster combines
superly with the fowl such as no
other ingredient does.
LET us royster with the oyster
in the shorter days anG
moister
That are brought by brown Sept.
with it's roguish fiual r
For breakfast of for supper, OIL
the under shell or upper
OF dishes he's the daisy, and OF
shellfish he's the star"
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1938-11-18
How to Stop Floor squeaks

+. One good way of preventing floors
from squeaking is to drive wooden
wedges in-the gaps between the ends
of the boards. Care should be taken
to do a neat job. In some cases
where the boards have warped and
pulled away from the floor joists it
Is necessary to renal the boards. In
doing this, the heads of the nails
should be countersunk and the holes
filled with paste made by mixing
<<wdust and waterproof glue.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1938-11-18
How "Big Apple" Is Danced

The dance known as the "big ap-
pie" is a combination of the old
fashioned square dance and modern
swing. From four to twenty per-
sons gather in a circle on the floor
and 60 through series Of steps to
the call of leader. The steps are
a combination of the Charleston and
various drags, swing steps and
truckin'. The dance originated at
the University of South Carolina
where students saw it at a night
club and named the dance after the
club.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1938-11-18
PER CAPITA MONEY IN
CIRCULATION

The Treasury Department estimat-
ed that money in circulation averag-
ed $51.49 per person on October 81.
Do you have your share?
Although the total of money in
circulation, $6,699,5O6,572, was the
largest in history-except for the
bank holiday period of March, 1888
the Treasury said the per capita
value was exceeded in World War
days, when it reached 1921.
The population, however, was
about 100000 smaller at that
time.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1938-11-18

mediately to the nearest Social Sec
urity Board Office for another card,
submit all information which you
gave when you applied for your
social security account number, give
that. You have one social security
account number for life. To avoid
any mix-up which might give you
trouble in the future. you should
always check Immediately with the
field office of the Social Security
Board II you lost your card.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1938-11-18
Why Bands Are ON Birds Legs

Breeders of canaries put bands
on the legs Of certain birds to dis
tinguish different breeds and to pre-
vent interbreeding. Many aviarists
have discontinued their use, as legs
are frequently broken by customers
attempting to remove the bands.
Open ceHuloid bands are sometimes
used, and they are easily removed
without harm to the birds.