davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times., 1938-03-12
HITLER DEFENDS
AUSTRIAN COUP
BY PIERRE J. HUsS

BERLIN, March IL GN.S.).
Accusing the Schuschnigg regime
Of bloody, systematic persecution
Of Germans in Austria, Reichs-
fuehrer Hitler placed his version
Of the bloodless conquest before
the world today and sent thous-
ands of troops across the border
to solidify his coup.
Utterly oblivious to the warn
ingS and protests from foreign
countries that descended in a
paper snowstorm on the Wilhelm
strasee, the Fuehrer flew to Mu-
Mich and from there issued a
lengthy proclamation justifying
his action on the grounds Schusch-
nigg had oppressed the NaziS "by
the most brutal means of terror"
PEOPLE LIBERATED"
The people of Austria have now
been liberated, he said, and as
soon as possible will have a chance
to approve or condemn his action
in a nationwide referendum. The
plebiscite planned by ousted
Chancellor Kurt Schuschnigg, he
said, was a fraud designed to
deprive the majority of Austrian
people Of their rights"
In his impassioned manifesto,
Hitler painted the Third Reich as
a savior in shining arn1or which.
appalled, by the oppression and
brutality at its doorstep. moved in
to restore justice "as any decent
nation would"
His proclamation made clear
that he and the German people
are satisfied the right thing was
done and that neither protests
nor threats from abroad will
sWerve him from his dream OF
uniting Austria and Germany. He
called it the reforging of an
eternal historical link"
STRENGTH IN NUMBERS
While nothing official was re-
vealed concerning the numerial
strength of German troops sent
into Austria, foreign military at
taches agreed Hitler would only
be asking for trouble if he sent
in less than 100000 men.
The Fuehrer dispatched Ger
man troops into Austria at the
request" of DR.. Arthur Seyss-1n'
quart his handpicked Nazi chan
cellor across the border. In Ber-
lin he left in complete charge
Field Marshal Hermann Wilhelm
Goering, second in command OF
the German armies.
The Washington times., 1938-03-12
TenSeneSs EUident EUerylUhere

Official issued that Na and Austrian flags be
displayed all the streets But delay in receiving needed
shipments of embms from the border left the city lack
ing in the carnival trappngs that Hitler had ordained
Every effort made to less normal at
mosphere but the situation everywhere
evident.
Censorship complete that every foreign correspondent had
uniformed Storm Trooper standing behind him while he
dictated telephone telegraph louder voice than
usual, overlooked only item in the Vienna
The sad old newspaper Wiener Zetung managed to reach
the stands with Schuschnigg address in it, The Zetung
triumph shortlved however All copies confiscaed
when officials learned 6f its Scoop
The Washington times., 1938-03-12
$4,000 Back Up Orders

The Hitler COUP carried out the strength of two ut
matums to President Wilhelm Mikas and backed by
$4,000 troops the Austro German border effected
suddenly that the poorer classes had time to flee
Throughout last night thousands of Jews remained in
synagogues kept close their homes fear
ing to venture the The weaher refugees lost
time in streaming to railway stations seek safety abroad
and many escaped in their own automobiles.
In the latter category Count Coudenhove Kalergi
founder and leader of the Austrian Pan European movement
Like Nine Dolfuss he Bratislava Czechoslovaka
chief haven of refuge for those unable unwilling to
Naz domination
The Washington times., 1938-03-12
Hitler BOrrOWs
Edwards Line

BERLIN, March IL u.N.SD.
"And now, at long last"
These words Of a world
familiar ring, first used by
Edward VIII in his dramatic
farewell broadcast to the peO-
PIE Of the British Empire
after his abdicatiOn, were
heard again today.
Reichsfuehrer Adolf Hitler
used them. in his prOclama-
ton ON the Liberation" Of
Austria.
'NOw, at long last" he
said, "the Austrian people
have been given q chance"
The Washington times., 1938-03-12
Nazi Flags Over Buildings

Guido Schmidt burgomaster of Vienna, who is Catholic
and saunch antiNaz resigned office Immediately after
his unceremonious departure Nz flag hoisted
roof Of the city hall and the example followed all pub
lie buildings.
For hours the Nazconroled radio stations bared the
'Horst Wesse and other Nazi exclusion of every
thing brief official bulletins Until dawn broke over the
city tens Of thousands demonstrated in the sreebu their
demonstrations all Of JOY and triumph. The dissiden
were hopeessy outnumbered fearful of punishment that
SheV did not even make appearance.
The Washington times., 1938-03-12
First Page Blank
In Vienna Paper

VIENNA, March IL (I.N.S).
The newspaper ReichspOst,
which was Chancellor Schusch-
nigg's official organ, appeared
on the streets today with its
front page a staring blank.
The assumption was that
the newspaper had seen fit to
print Schuschnigg's dramatic
farewell message in which he
told the people Of Austria he
had yielded to ''brute force"
to avoid bIOOdshed and that
the editors had run afOul Of
the strict Nazi censorship
imposed Immediately after
the occupation.
The Washington times., 1938-03-12

have confirmed the legality Of
my personal actions by the vote
of the German people.
These are the right methods.
However, the methods which
Schuschnigg thought Of using
were supposedly based on those
used in the Saar referendum.
If they actually were, then the
Saar plebiscite was nothing but
chicanery.
"AUSTRIANS AROSE"
But we are of a different
opinion. We believe we can be
proud that the Saar plebiscite
gave us such incontestable con-
fidence in the German people.
Against this unique attempt
at election fraud, the German
people of Austria arose by them
selves. If the Austrian regime
attempted simply to break down
the protest movement with
bestial force, there could only
have been a new civil war.
THE Reich will not tolerate
from now on that Germans
should be prosecuted in this ter
ritory because they belong to
our nation and profess faith in
certain ideas. Germany wants,
above all, order and calm.
II, therefore, resolved to place
the aid of the Reich at disposal
of the millions of Germans in
Austria. Since early this morn
ing soldiers Of the German de-
tense forces have been march
ing across all the German-Aus-
trian borders.
TROOPS GUARANTEE CALM
Armed troops of infantry
divisions and SIS units on the
ground and the German air
force in the azure SkieS-called
by the new Nazi government in
Vienna itself-will be a guaran-
tee that the Austrian people now
at long last have been given a
chance and will in the shortest
possible time declare its own
future in the form of a real ref
erendum.
Behind all our army units
stands the will and resolution
of the entire German nation. I
myself as Fuehrer and chancel'
lor of the German people will
be happy to be able to walk
again as a free citizen into the
country which is also my home
country.
THE world, however, may as
sure itself that the German
people in Austria are experienc.
ing in these days hours OF
greatest joy and emotion in the
arrival of their brothers, who
have come to their aid.
In them they see saviors
from o plight of deepest suffer
ing. Long live the Nazi Ger
mans Of the Reich. Long live
the Nazi Germans Of AustriA!'
The Washington times., 1938-03-12
Brutal Oppression
And Vote Fraud
Ended, He Says

MUNICH, March IL Q.N.S0.
German troops have swept into
Austria and that nation has
been rescued from a state OF
brutal oppression" Reichs-
fuehrer Hitler declared in a ma
tion-wide manifesto issued after
his arriva. here today.
The text of his proclamation
follows:
"As Germans, we have suf-
fered the fate of our racial
comrades in Austria with deep
pain for many years.
HISTORICAL LINK CITED
'An eternal historical link
which was first broken in 1866
but which was strengthened by
the World War has placed Aus
tria ever since in the community
of German people and their fate
is bound up with ours.
THE sorrow which was first
visited upon this country from
the outside and then from the
inside was felt by us to be our
own, in the same way as we
know that for millions of Ger
man AustrianS the earlier un.
happiness of our own Reich
was a cause for similar sorrow
and sympathy.
when the great nation that
is Germany once again found
a way to the proud conscious
ness Of being a great people,
thanks to victory of the Ma
tional Socialist idea, a new era
and sorest trial began for Aus
tria.
The Washington times., 1938-03-12
Text of Hitler Manifesto on Austria

Oh I11S AuSGA4 4dA 1CBA4nS GAA&V OAAS
situation was untenable in the
long run, that the increasing
resentment of the Austrian peo-
pie could not be permanently
suppressed with increased force
and that from a certain moment
onward Germany would be un-
able to watch such suppression
unconcernedly.
IF today colonial problems
are already being made de-
pendent upon the question Of
self-determination and the rights
Of minorities concerned, it is
unbearable that six and one
half million members Of an old,
great and cultured nation should
be virtually subjugated to plans
beneath their status by the
methods of such a regime.
SOUGHT EQUAL RIGHTS
by a new agreement I there
fore tried to secure that equal
rights and equal duties be as
signed to all Germans in Au-
Stria as provided in the July II
agreement.
"A few weeks after it was
signed we were reluctantly COM
PEELED to realize that members
of the former Austrian govern
ment did not consider it neces-
sary to fulfill the spirit of the
agreement and sought alibis for
continued violation Of the rights
of Austrian Germans.
1.-THE plebiscite announced by
Kurt SchuSchnigg was designed
in the final analysis to deprive
the majority Of Austrian people
of their rights. A country
which for many years has had
no elections, where all records
Of drafting and polling lists
are missing, decreed that a
plebiscite was to be effected
within three and one-half days.
There were no polling lists,
no voting tickets, no control
over how many were entitled to
vote. There was no obligatory
secrecy of voting, no guarantee
of impartial conduct Of the
polls, no guarantee the votes
would be counted fairly and so
forth.
CLAIMS NAZIS WON LEGALLY
"If such an election was to
give the character Of legality to
a regime, we NaziS in the Ger.
man Reich have only been
fooled for fifteen years. We
went through one hundred cleo.
ton campaigns and have by our
own efforts won consent Of the
German people.
I'VE were the strongest party
in Germany when President
Won Hindenburg picked me to
be chancellor. Since then I
have won and again and again
The Washington times., 1938-03-12
REGIME OF TERROR

"a regime which lacked every
legal authority tried to main
tain its existence by the most
brutal means of terror and ply
sical and economic punishment
an existence which was op-
posed by the overwhelming ma
jority of the Austrian people.
Thus we as a great nation
were witnessing more than six
million men of our own descent
being oppressed by a numeri-
cally small group which alone
knew how to obtain possession
Of the necessary power for
such an attitude.
Together with the Austrian
peoples deprivation of political
rights and their oppression went
an economic decay which was in
contrast to the booming new life
in Germany.
Who could blame these un-
happy compatriots of ours when
they looked longingly to the
Reich-to Germany with which
their ancestors had been linked
fo~ so many centuries and with
which they once fought shoulder
to shoulder in the most terrible
war of all times.
SUFFERING EMPHASIZED
"They looked toward a coun-
try whose culture was their own
culture, to which they had con-
tributed in highest measure to
so many fields Of endeavor. To
have suppressed their feelings
would have meant nothing more
than to condemn hundreds OF
thousands of people to deepest
mental suffering.
This suppression was borne
patiently for years, but the will
Of the German Reich to do away
The Washington times., 1938-03-12
rIitler SnubS Britain;
Soviet, Czech Armies
Mass Along Borders
Vienna TerrOrized by FIaunting SUastikG
AS Ndzi Secret Police Take Command
Continued from Page y

country militant disregard of heated protests from Great
Britain and France.
The invasion of Austria threatened by the Fuehrer Kurt
Schuschngg refused resign chancellor and turn his
government to so per Naz regime became reality
The Washington times., 1938-03-12

with Suppression became
stronger and stronger with the
increasing prestige Of the Reich.
During the last few years I
have tried to warn the former
authorities of Austria against
this. Only madmen could be-
lieve that peoples love for its
own people could be suppressed
permanently by oppression and
terrorism.
European history has proved
that such situations have bred
only greater fanaticism and this
fanaticism forces the oppres-
sor to even sharper methods Of
suppression. These in turn in
crease the hatred and detesta-
tion of those concerned.
COULDN'T STAND BY
"I have further tried to con-
vince the responsible authorities
of Austria that in the long run
it is impossible for a great ma
tion-because such would be un-
worthy of a great nation-to
stand by and see its people sup
pressed solely because of their
descent, their confession to be-
ing compatriots and their ad-
herence to one great idea.
More than 10000 fugitives
had been given shelter in Ger
many alone. More than 10000
others had been wandering
through prisons, jails and con-
centration camps.
In this little country, hun
dreds of thousands mad been ex-
posed to misery and paupery.
No nation Of the world would
be able to tolerate such a situa-
ton prevailing on its borders
lest she be deserted and de-
spised.
Il tried in 1886 to find some
way which might give hope to
the tragic faith Of these German
brothers. I tried to arrive at a
reconciliation in the July II
agreement. It was signed, only
to be broken again the next mo-
ment.
RIGHTS DENIED MAJORITY
THE situation was that an
overwhelming majority had been
deprived Of its right and kept
unjustly in the position of pa.
riahs. This state was not
changed in the slightest degree
during ensuing months. He who
openly confessed his German
leanings remained prosecuted,
no matter whether he was a Nazi
road worker or an old and hon
ored army leader Of the World
War.
IT made a second attempt tt
effect an understanding by try
ing to convince Representatives
The Washington times., 1938-03-12
BRITAIN LEAVES
AUSTRIA TO FATE
TO ESCAPE WAR.
Strong Protest Is Only.
Official Action
BY KINGsBURY SMITH

| LONDON, march IL N1.N.O'l. Z.
The rueful conclusion that moth
ing can be done to save Austria
from Nazi domin "a ation was
reached at a special session Of the
British cabinet today as relations
with Germany were strained al
most to the breaking point.
Belief prevailed that the only
way to stem Reichsfuehrer Hit
ler's advance into Austria would
be to declare war. Government Of
ficials expressed certainty that
public opinion would not support
such move.
1t was reported in cabinet cir
cles that the government even dis
cussed the possibility of withdraw
ing the British Ambassador, Sir
Neville Henderson, from Berlin and
leaving only a charge d'affaires in
the Berlin embassy as a protest
sSainst Hitler's coup. The govern
ment is considering a joint Anglo
French declaration regarding the
integrity of Czechoslovakia.
II Britain decides to withdraw
its ambassador, it was learned, it
will be in concert with France.
Britain is not prepared to resort
to such action alone.
BRITAIN APPREHENsIvE
In an official announcement,
however, the government made
clear its apprehension over the
situation.
Action Of the German gov.
ernment," the statement said,
sis bound to have a most dis.
turbing effect upon Anglo-Ger.
man relations"
Prepared for immediate trans.
mission to Joachim Won Ribben-
trop, German foreign minister,
who previously received from
Britain a sharp warning to keep
Glands off" Austria, the COM
munique read:
"The cabinet discussed events
in Austria. It was informed
that protest worded in the
strongest terms had been made
to, Berlin.
QUESTION CONSIDERED"
"The prime minister and for
eign secretary previously had
made similar representations
to Herr Won Ribbentrop. 1t was
felt that action of the German
government would be bound to
have the most disturbing effect
upon glo-German relations
and upon public confidence
throughout Europe.
"His majesty's government is
keeping in close touch with the
French government and giving
continuous consideration to the
situation"
Absence of definite information
from Rome concerning Italy's at
titude on Austria is causing grave
concern to the ministry, and some
cabinet members are claiming that
this is responsible for Britain's
present unwillingness to take
more definite action for the time
being. Word is still awaited from
Rome, and if, when it comes, it
proves sufficiently important the
cabinet will be summoned imme-
diately.
CZECH SEIZURE FEARED
There were indications here
that the government wants Musso-
lini to join London and Paris in
the proposed declaration regard
ing Czechoslovakia, which is
feared to be the likely next victim
of Nazi expansion.
indicative of the gravity with
which the crisis is regarded here,
Prime Minister Neville Chamber
lain instructed all his ministers to
stand by their telephones over the
week end.
The Washington times., 1938-03-12
no FEAR FELT FOR scHUscHN1ce

LONDON, March IL QNs)-The British government re-
esvsd official notification today that former Chancellor
schuschgg in protective custody No fears are felt
Cor his personal safety, it said.
Evening star., 1938-10-10

upon to win his comeback fight against
Representative George D. o'Brien.
Democrat, in the thirteenth district.
This Is . historic Republican dis
trict and Mr.. o'Brien won two years
ago By only 8 per cent. Two other
chances for Republican victories in
Michigan are seen In the fifteenth and
sixteenth districts. Archie @. Frazer,
Republican, Is opposing Representa-
tive John Lesinski, Democrat. An.
other outside chance Is given to
Charles A. Roxborough, Republican, in
the first district against Rudolph q.
Tenerowicz, Democrat, who defeated
George g. SadowsE, Democrat, for re.
nomination.
A summary of contests In other
states will be continued In the next
article in this series.
Evening star., 1938-10-10

Representative Vincent r. Harrington,
Democrat, in the ninth district. Mr.
Harrington won two years ago by a.
per cent. This is the old william
r. Green district.
While aggressive campaigns are
being waged in the seven Kansas dis
tricts the best Republican chance
seems to be In the third district, where
Representative Edward w. Patterson,
Democrat, won last time by only is
per cent. Thomas d. Winter is thu
Republican challenger in this district
formerly held for many years by such
Republicans as Philip P. Campbell,
w. H. Sproul and Harold McGugin.
In the nth district Stanley Taylor,
Republican, is expected to give q sti1
battle to Representative John M.
Houston, Democrat, who won last time
by a 10 per cent margin. This district
was long held for the Republicans by
James G. Strong.
In Maryland the Republicans are
concentrating for victory especially
on the sixth district, historically Re-
publican, where Representative David
J. Lewis withdrew to make the Presi-
Dental purge" campaign against
Senator Millard E. Tydings. william
B. Byron, Democrat, Of Williamsport
and A. Charles Stewart, Republican, of
Frostburg are the contestants. The
Republicans also see q chance to win
in the third and fourth Maryland dis
tricts
With contests in full swing in all II
Michigan districts, the Republican
hopes seem to be centered mostly in
the sixth, eleventh, twelfth and thir-
teenth districts. William w. Blackney,
Republican, sixth district, is pitted
against Representative Andrew. j.
Transue, Democrat, who held the seat
last time by IT per cent. This Is the
old Grant M. Hudson, Pat H. Kelley
and A. B. Williams district. Fred Brad
ley, Republican, is expected to defeat
Representative John Leucke. Demo-
crat, in the eleventh dstrict-the old
Bohn and Scott district which Leucke
held last time by the narrow margin
Of 30 per cent. John B. Bennett, Re-
publican, in the twelfth district is
making hard campaign against Rep
resentative Frank e. Hook. Democrat,
who won two years ago by scant 5
per cent In this old w. Frank James
district. Former Representative Clar-
ence j. Mcleod, Republican, is counted
Evening star., 1938-10-10

Reid, Chauncey W. Reed, Charles Z.
Fuller. John T. Buckbee, John G.
Mckenzie, William r. johnson, Cif-
ford Ireland, william E. Hull, Frank
H. Funk, William Il. Mason, Richard
Yates, Henry r. Rathbone and Mrs.
Ruth Hanna Mccormick.
With 10 seats from the Chicago area
several will be returned Republican
in the coming election in spite Of the
powerful Kelly-Nash machine. One
of these is likely to be Charles 8.
Dewey, in the ninth district, who feels
confident of election. Other most
likely Republican victors are: Frank
M Ramey, twenty first; Anton J..
johnson, fourteenth; r. B. Chiperfield,
fifteenth; Jessie Summers, eighteenth:
William H. Wheat, nineteenth; r. r.
Randolph, twenty fourth: r. G. Cris-
enberry, twenty-fifth, and William L.
Lawson, first.
Every district in Indiana is said to
be debatable. The Republicans are
most likely to win the tenth with Ray
mond S. Springer, Republican, over
the veteran Representative Finly H.
Gray, Democrat, in the district so
long controlled by Will r. Wood.
former chairman Of the Republican
Congressional Committee. Mr.. Gray
won out last time by only 2.6 per cent.
In the third district Robert A. Grant,
Republican, is expected to defeat
George N. Beamer, who succeeded to
the Democratic nomination when
Representative Samuel B. Pettengill
declined to run again.
George w. Gillie, Republican, is
counted upon to defeat Representative
James I. Farley, Democrat, in the
fourth district, which was held last
time by only So per cent. In the
fifth the old Everett Sanders district,
which Representative Glenn Griswold
held last time by scant 2.7 per cent,
Forest A. Harness, Republican, is ex-
pected to win. Mrs. Virginia E.
Jenckes, Democrat, has bitter fight
for reelection against former Repre-
sentative Nobel j. Johnson, Repub-
lican, seeking comeback in the sixth
district. Mrs. Jenckes won in 1896 by
81 per cent. Representative Arthur
H. Greenwood, Democrat, former whip,
has close contest with Gerald w.
Lands in the seventh district, which
Greenwood won last time with 1 per
cent of the vote-the old Merrill
Moores district. Others who are being
closely pressed are Representatives
Eugene B. Grove in the ninth, and
William H. Larrabee in the eleventh
district. Mr.. Grove won last time by
a. per cent.
Situation in Iowa.
The four Iowa districts which the
Republicans are scheduled to win are:
First, Thomas E. Martin, Republican,
over James P. Gaffney, Democrat, who
was nominated by convention after
Representative Edward c. Eicher de-
cl1ned to be a candidate after having
won the namination; third, Represent
ative John w. Gwynne, Republican, to
be reelected; fourth, H. o. Tale, Re-
publican, to defeat Representative
Fred Biermann, Democrat, who won
last time by only 90 per cent, and
Ben F. Jensen, Republican, to defeat
Roger F. Warm, Democrat, nominated
by convention when Representative
Otha D. Wearin was an unsuccessful
candidate for the Senate. There is
also chance seen for Alfred c. Muel-
Ter. Republican, to defeat Representa-
tive William S. Jacobsen. Democrat,
in the second district, and for Albert
F. Swanson, Republican, to defeat
Evening star., 1938-10-10

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