davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1938-12-25
Congress 10 Modify
Trade Restrictions,
6. H. Davis Predicts
Head Of U. S. Chamber
Urges Sacrifices to
Aid Recovery
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
George H. Davis. president of the
Chamber of Commerce of the United
States, predicted yesterday that
Congress would modify Govern
ment restrictions" on business and
called on every one to make sacri-
fees If. necessary to promote re-
covery.
In a public statement on condi-
tions at the year end, he said an
upturn was in progress and that
business activities we're definitely
better than at the emu of 1887.
But we have to remember Mr..
Davis added. that If business i'm
provement continues only at it's
'7;" it will not for IL full
months carry us again to the level of
the spring of 1887"
In other words the business
spokesman said, If more encourag-
ing conditions for business activity
cannot be brought about, we shall
at best stand ct the end of 1899
in the PARKWAY position we occu-
pied some 80 months before"
Urging an immediate. concerted
effort to accelerate the speed of
recovery, he said:
The benefits of recovery will be
so far-reaching and will mean SO
much to all our people. that We
should not wait to the end of next
year for the beginning of real re-
covery.
With the public demanding that
business be given a chance to ex-
pand and employ the idle, un-
doubtedly Congress will modify
bureaucratic Government restric-
tions and hinderances that have
destroyed business confidence, SO
every one should at once do his
part to start the processes of re-
covery, even to the point of sacri-
fee"
Evening star., 1938-12-25
Man SIoshed on Legs;
Suspect Is Held

August Noack. %. of 1901 Seven
teenth street NV. suffered knife
wounds in both legs last night when
attacked by colored man at Fourth
and K streets. he reported to police.
Police arrested Edward L. Roper,
%. colored, first block of G street
NV. near the scene of the stabbing.
He was charged with assault
Evening star., 1938-12-25
Rabbi Simon

Continued From First Page)
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-07-21
PLANNING MEDICAL SERVICE

Though the age limit has steadily mounted in
the United States since the first settlers took po
ssesson of the land for use, preventable sickness
growth of knowledge of diseases and developments
i'm medical care. The chief barrier to wider use
fulness for medical services is inability to pay
costs Yet deness increases as family incomes
reach lower and lower levels. Food, clothing
shelter and prevention of care in early stages OF
illness become less and less adequate more and
more of the family income must go for bedrock
Society has taken responsibility for dealing
with some diseases which poverty increases,
notably social menaces, such as acutey contagious
diseases, tuberculosis, syphilis, hook-WOrm, and
more recently mental diseases and cancer We
ihave made a beginning in care for the health of
mothers and infants, care of the blind and Grip
pies, and those suffering from chronic diseases
Our Public Health Service has provided more
Ihealthful environments in which our people can
live and work and has gone far in banishing
|plagues and pestilences.
With the increase in unemployment the pos
Isbility of disease increases among an increasing
IportiOn of our own population. 1t is appropriate
therefore, that the Administration has called a
conference to consider the need of national plan
ming for better medical care
Labor regrets that Senator Wagners proposal
for Congressional Commission to develop policies
Iand legislative plans was not adopted, but hopes
that early action be taken in the next session of
Congress.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-07-21
Wool Manufacturers
To Back Standards of
Wage and Hour Low

New York City GLNS).-The Natl
|onal Association of Wool Manufacture
Iers gave the first post-passage APP
proval to the Wage and Hour Act
They not only did this; but called on
members of the industry to observe
the far higher minimum wages which
wool carried over from NRA days
3212 cents an hour in the South, 35
cents an hour in the North. Both sec
tlons have a 40-hour week.
THE wage and hour law, if wisely
land properly administered, can be of
great help in freeing the local dress
market from the unmeetable competi-
ton of out-of-town, substandaro
Shops" declared Mortimer Lanzit, ex-
ecutive director of the National Dress
Manufacturers Association, and other
garment industry leaders said the
same things in somewhat different
manner.
Several of the garment trades arc
planning to put in a 4O-cent minimum
as fast as possible, as a means OF
sweating out the sweat shops.
The cloak and suit industry declared
that the labor organizations in theil
industry had can uplifting effect or
the per cent of chisellers."
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-07-21
Economic Unbdldnce
II, South Revealed
Federal Survey Given To
Conference Shows Bad
Condition

Washington, d. c.. 0LNS).-The
conference Of Southern spokesmen
here presided over by Lowell Mellett,
director of the National Emergency
Council, listened first to a very plain
spoken letter from President Roose-
welt, in which he expressed the con-
viction that the South now presents
the nations No. economic problem,
which is causing an economic unbal-
ance in the nation as whole.
The President went to some extent
into details; but a survey of facts
prepared from government sources
was placed before the conference COW
ering such subjects as population,
health, education, taxable wealth, eco
nomic resources, farm income, unem-
ployment relief, labor, credit.
Farm Income Poor
with 2S per cent of the nations
people," says this survey, "the South
has only 1G per cent of the tools with
which people make their living; with
over half the country's farmers, the
oputil IDS lCEoS liislii ollS-IiIIi. VI lIlC
nations farm implements"
Under another heading, but bearing
on the same issue, the survey goes
on to state: @.smH
although more than half of the
farm people of the country plow the
land of the South, they get one-tifth
Of the nations agricultural income as
a result of their efforts. 1t can be
stated fatty that the average South
ern farmer does not make enough out
of his farm to feed, clothe and school
his children decently."
"More than half the rural South in
1896 made less than $765. Many
thousands have incomes as low as
$500 a year."
THE Is Southern states in 1886
spent an average of $25.l1 per child
on their schools. This is less than
half as much as is spent by the
country as whole, and a little more
than one-fourth of what is spent per
child in New York State"
1t should be added that the South
spends about as high a proportion of
its total income on schools as do other
sections, though there are wide
variations on this matter IN the South.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-07-21
The Cherry Tree
Where We Hotchet Out
The Truth
q FIRST COAL FIRE
O FOUND IN 1880
. INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
O WORLDS TO CONQUER

One chilly night in the fall of 1892
an adventurer named Neccho Allen III
the hills of the Appalachians built
small camp fire and rolled up in his
blanket for a nights sleep.
In the morning when he awakened,
the fire, to his amazement, was still
burning, deep red glow; a fire from
which came an intense and unusual
heat
Allen investigated. Why, he Won
dered, had the fire burned all night,
and still burned bright and hot.
He noted that he had built his fire
beside some black rocks, and now it
was the rocks that were burning and
glowing in the mornings new light.
AS early as 1880 an English monk
had noted the finding of some black
rocks "that burned" but nothing came
of that.
Allen, the pioneer, was different. A
forward thinking man, he realized
that rocks do not burn, and that here
in these black rocks was a new and
unknown force.
Others were told of the remarkable
"black rocks" and soon it was found
that they in reality did burn.
X x X
An industrial revolution was at
hand, to change our whole way of liv-
ing.
In the next so years the tremend-
Gus unforeseen forces of anthracite,
which Allen had discovered, were har-
messed.
Man delved deep into the earth for
the "black rocks" and with the use
of them, launched the incredible
march of progress in modern civiliza-
ton.
Today from the "black rocks" comes
the purifying force that changes ore
to steel, drives mighty engines Of
transportation across the expanse of a
continent, mighty ships on the bosom
of the ocean and with the power gen.
Grated, lights the thousands of cities
and towns.
1t is 146 years since Neccho Allen
built his eventful fire in the wooded
wilderness. Today third of billion
tons of "black rocks are used every
12 months.
What new and mighty forces still
remain hidden in the hills and plains
of America? Have all of the Nations
natural resources been tapped?
That question dwindles in COM
parison with the more pertinent ques-
tion of the fullest and most competent
use of the resources that have been
uncovered.
There are still new worlds to con-
quer; worlds existing in the forces that
are in every day use now.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-07-21
A REAL COMBINATION
THAT'S HARD TO BEAT
Boss, Mayor and Judge All One
Person in Bridpeport

Bridgeport, Ala. ILNS).-This
little burg has triple personality
that can't be beaten anywhere.
There is a strike by members of
the International Molders' Union
at the Jacobs Manufacturing Co.,
which makes stoves and ranges. Mr..
Jacobs, head of the company, also
Is mayor of the town, and as such
commander of the police. Also, he
IS local judge. AS mayor, he orders
the police to arrest strikers; as
manufacturer, he complains against
them in court; and as Judge, he SEN
tences them.
Seven union members got dealt
with in this way in one day; of
them paying IS and one $40, and
all of them costs.
The Molders are protesting this
case to the State and United States
Departments of Labor, and to the
A. F. of L. and its Metal Trades
Department.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-07-21

CORNER GROCERS AND SELF
SERVICE MARKETS-All retailers
and independent grocers particularly
have been studying closely the de-
velopment of self-service stores. Cor
ner grocers not in communities where
self-service stores have been opened,
and who have had no direct expert
ence as to the effect of such markets
on their business, are finding the
answer in recent survey made by the
Progressive Grocer, trade magazine of
the grocery business. This study, con-
Quoted in northern New Jersey and
Cincinnati, disclosed that both number
and sales volume of mediums sized in
dependent stores actually have in
creased along with self-service mar
ket activity. In New Jersey, it was
found that stores with from 3 to Is
employees enjoyed about $9,OO0,OOO
more volume in 1887 than in 1885,
while self-service markets with Is or
more employees increased their sales
volume slightly less than $3,000,OOO.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-07-21

|mended by the American Federation of Labor, il
writes into public policy the principle that bus
mess on sweatshop levels is intoerable to modern
life. Exemptions materially restrict the field t(
(which this principle is applicable at the present
processing of agricultural products even canning
land freezing, making of cheese and butter, gin
|ning turpentine, retail clerks in intrastate mer
cnandisng executives, outside statesmen, etc., etc
The measure applies to goods, wares, products
articles of interstate commerce as produced and
sold. 1t provides for the fixing of maximum hours
minimum wages, and prevention of child labor
The minimum wage for the first year shall be not
less than 25 cents, nor less than 80 cents for the
next five years, after which it shall be not less
than 40 cents. During the first year of the admin
stration of this law maximum work hours during
one week shall be a; AZ for the second year; and
40 thereafter There are exceptions to these
standards. Overtime shall be paid at the rate of
time and half Employment Of persons under
16 years of age, or under 18 in hazardous indus
tries, is prohibited.
The administration of law is entrusted to an
administrator lodged in the Department of Labor,
but appointed by the President with the consent
of Congress. The Administrator shall from time
to time convene committees to consider and make
recommendations on minimum wage IOf eacll III
dustry. Such recommendations must be appc-
able to the whole industry and consider union rates
and minima voluntarily maintained. The Admin
strator may approve recommendations or dlsap-
prove and refer them again to the committee.
The Administrator shall have authority to in
vestigate and gather data on wages, hours and
other conditions of employment and shall use the
services of the bureaus and services of the Depart
ment of Labor. The Children's Bureau shall CO.
operate in the administration of the child labor
provisions which become effective 12O days after
the signing of the law
Violations of the Act include discharge or dis
crmnation against employees reporting or filing
complaint under the law Violations are subject
to fines up to $4,000 or imprisonment for g
months, or both. In addition, unpaid compensation
to employees may be required.
1t is obvious that organized workers will be
better able to take care of their interests under
this Act than the unorganized, for unions will
have the benefit Of economic counsel and statis-
tical services as we'll as experienced negotiators.
Labor must follow the administration of this
Act ntegently and thoroughly.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-07-21
OHIO CONSTRUCTION
NEWS
(By Ohio Labor News Seryice)

Il \Dy OHlo LdDOT news SerNlce)
! A three-point public building con
struction program was reported con
|templated last week by the Butler
County Commissioners, all buildings tt
be located in or near Hamilton.
I Included in the $1,5OO,OO proposed
project, which would be constructed
with PWA assistance if a bond issue
for 65 per cent of the cost is approved
| by voters, are new court house anC
county jail; new county infirmary te
Augment the present infrmary, and 9
tuberculosis sanitarium.
A $1,363,C00 building program, re.
placing one previously reported, has
been mapped out by Kent State Col
1lege and State officials, to be con-
structed with PWA assistance. An ap-
Iplication for $613,0OO grant has beer
filed with the Government agency.
The new building program includes
a new science building; additions tc
the central heating plant; alterations
to the present science building; a new
dining hall, and service extensions
The College is located in the City of
Kent, Portage county.
An $890,000 school building program
is reported contemplated by the Ham
ilton Board of Education, for which an
application for PWA assistance has
been filed and bond issue of $780,
900 will be placed before the voters
at the August 8 primaries.
The program calls for the con-
struction of new combination senior
and junior high school; a community
auditorium and athletic field house on
the present high school athletic field,
and additions and improvements to
lsix other school buildings.
Other projects costing more than
100000 reported contemplated last
week include:
Cleveland, 100000 elementary
school, Euclid. (PWA).
Cleveland, 100000 high school ad-
dtion in Garfield Hts. (PWA).
Dayton, $S50,00O for construction of
five fire stations, repairing existing
stations and extending fire signal sys-
ITEM. (PWA).
Cleveland, construction of new
Ipostoffice garage by the U. S. Treas
Jury Department at an estimated cost
of $350,000, which has been allocated.
Warren, $218,000 for Trumbull
County court house annex and county
Jail. (PWA).
Toledo, $1S5,000 postoffce garage
by the U. S. Treasury Department.
Richmondale, Ross-co. $16O, 900
school by PWA, for which no local
bond issue is necessary.
Doylestown, Summit-co., $16O,OOO
high school. (PWA).
Chillicothe, cell block and farm
buildings at the U. S. Reformatory, for
which PWA has allocated $154,OOO.
Stow, Summit-co., $146,0OO school.
(PWA). III
Mentor, Lake-co., $s7e,a44 elemen-
tary school. (PWA).
The Ohio County Board of Educa-
Ition, in which Wheeling, w. Va, is To-
Gated, was reported last week as con-
,templating a $2,000,000 school build
ing program with PWA assistance. A
bond issue of more than $1,000, 600
will be necessary.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-07-21
. COMMENT ON WORLD
EVENTS
xs.s~s.*.:..s..: -.

On December II, 1908, a man was
carried through the air in a heavier
than-air machine. He was up for &c
seconds, and travelled a little over
1,100 feet; and the age of aviation
began. &.
Nothing else, not even radio, has
shown such an outstanding speed OF
growth. The airplane was 10 and a
half years old when the World Wan
began; and everyone knows something
of the part which it played in that
contest. 1t was 16 years old when
in the person Of the NC4, U. S.
naval plane, it crossed the Atlantic
by the Azore route, in May, 1919. 1t
was only month older when John
Alcock and A. w. Brown, two British
fiers, crossed from Newfoundland to
Ireland. 1t was "a when Lindberg
flew from New York to Paris in 1927;
26 when Byrd went by air to the South
Pole and back tocamp; 2S when Wiley
Post and Harold Gatty flew around the
northern hemisphere-and now, How
ard Hughes. And all this in less than
35 years.
Around the northern hemisphere, for
you can't go round the earth until you
either follow the equator or cross it
twice on the trip.
| X X X
Man has dreamed of flying, master
full, directed flying, for untold cen
turies-from the days of the Greek
legend of how Icarus made himself a
pair of wings; but flew too close to the
sun so the wax with which he stuck
'em OH was melted. But he has had
this kind Of flying for only one gen.
Grafton.
Flying in lighter -thar-air machines
is much older, and has made much
less progress. The first flight of this
kind was that of the Montgolfier
brothers, who in 1888, sent up bal
loon filled with hot air and carrying a
sheep, a dog and rooster. Another
man, de Rozier, went up the same
year; but he, too, went where the
breeze carried him. The first dirigible
| lighter -than-air craft came in 1852;
and in 81 years-almost the same time
that the airplane has been developing
it had reached possible speed of
less than Is miles an hour.
x x
These were French devices. Later,
the German Zeppelin came; the best of
its kind. Count Zeppelin thought his
craft would win the war. Of the 67
war Zeppelins that Germany built,
were captured, II shot down, and "a
destroyed by wind, weather or acci-
dent And the record of dirigibles in
time Of peace is fairly plastered with
accidents.
Nature has developed some mar
vellous flying machines. The humming
bird is the envy of aviation engineers;
scores of soaring birds do their task
with more easy sureness than we have
yet learned. But nature has never
made strong flyer that was lighter
than air, and, so far, man hasn't
either.
Howard Hughes crossed the Allan
tic at an average speed of 21S miles
an hour. In more exact terms, he flew
at a rate Of 1868 miles minute, or
319 feet a second. Compared with the
speed of the first heavier-than-a air
planes, what does the future hold?
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-07-21
NOT so SLOW
Congress

One who gets discouraged by the slowness of
progress may get comfort from a brief summary
of the workings of the Social Security Act 1t
was signed August H. 1885. In the less than 3
years since that time:
Over 3S,O00O00 accounts for old age nsul'-
ancc have been set up and nearly S3,5OO,OOO has
been paid in benefits on this score since January
H. 1887, when this part of the law took effect.
Nearly 19,0O0,OG0 jobs are covered by the un-
employed compensation laws now in effect in all
the states, the District Of Columbia Alaska and
Hawaii. In the first 3 months of this year nearly
$50, 100000 has been paid on this And AZ 300
needy blind, $4,000 dependent children and
Il $4,000 needy aged other than those covered by
the insurance have received help.
Slow? social revolution in less than three
Years!
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-07-21
TRUTHS POWDERED WHILE
Riding at Anchor
MR.. MODESTUS
= HEMP WAS KING
. JUTE SUBSTITUTED
. THE KING is DEAD
= LOOK FOR REMY

JUTE SUBSTITUTED
. THE KING is DEAD
. LOOK FOR REMY
Hemp was King
But that was 5000 years ago
Since then have come abaca, cot
ton
And steam for power instead o.
sails
Hemp is the strongest fiber, excep
silk
But it will not float
Hemp was most common and per
haps cheapest
But it required the use of tar to pre-
serve it
Abaca, or Manila hemp, will float
1t does not need tar to make it ser
viceable-
Cotton is easier to haidle, and much
cheaper
While steam power drove the tai
masts from the seas.
x x x
Hemp was used for carpet warp
But twenty years ago jute was sub
Stituted-
In $500 B. C. a Chinese emperor
taught his subjects
How to use hemp for clothing
The Chinese also ate the seeds
Extracted an oil from the plant
In those days East Indians, Arabs
and Persians-
Were extracting drugs from it
Equivalent of our marijuana-
Used as basis of secret societies OF
thugs
When Scythians invaded Europe
They brought hemp with them
But that was $500 years ago
The north African peoples learned
the strength of it's fiber
Hemp has the strongest fiber OF
all
They put it to work on Mediterra,
mean ships
Both for cordage and for sails
Long afterwards it was taken tc
America
Puritans farmed their hemp crops
But southern planters were more
successful with it
Virginia laws promoted hemp cul-
ture-
Pennsylvania had a large hemp
region during the revolution
Now it is most largely found in Wis
consin--
But $500 acres can produce all that
is needed
X X
The King is dead
But who is the next king of fibers ?
Today the kingdom is between cot
ton and rayon-
But there is another candidate
near
Remy is a plant with fibers &c
inches long
Chemistry is looking for a solvent
for the wax that binds them
When that chemical puzzle is work
ed
There will be another king in the
fiber realms
Revolution will come, automatical-
ly-
Spinning and weaving will be
changed again
Wars may be fought over it
If the chemical solvent is national
secret
World currents of trade will be
X X X
Whitney's cotton gin brought slav-
cry in with cotton
Japan's Toyoda loom has become q
world-weapon-
Americas chemists may crash open
new door
If they can solve the wax on the
remy plant
Only one thing can we be sure Of
Whatever it may be: it will give
way to change again.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-07-21
WHAT NEXT?

The Rural ElectriiicatiOn Ad-
ministratiOn has announced an
allotment of $l5,O0O for the con-
structiOn of a locker type COM
munity refrigeration plant near
Piqua, Ohio. The allotment goes
to the Pioneer Rural Electric CO.
operative, which in turn will lend
the money to a group of 800
members and customers of the Or
ganizatiOn who will operate the
refrigeration project. The plant
will be powered by current from
the Pioneer Rural Electric CO.
operative lines. The construction
and operation of this plant, the
first to be financed with rural cleo
trifcation funds, will be closely
studied by REA as an experiment
which may lead to the widespread
use of community refrigeration
plants.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-07-21
WISDOM

| hold every man debtor to
his profession; from the which as
men Of course do seek to receive
cOuntenance and profit, so ought
they on duty to endeavOr them
selves by way of amends to be a
help and ornament thereuntO.
Francis Bacon.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-07-21

The wheat crop of the United States
this year is put at 967,O0O,OOO bush
els; the largest since 1915, when the
yield was 1,009,000,O00.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-07-21

Last year the American Bible So
ciety distributed 7,32S,550 copies of
the New Testament and other portions
Of the Bible, printed in 1877 languages
and dialects.