davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1938-11-05
Stock Averages
BY VICTOR EUBANK.

=
NEW YORK, Nov. 5.-The stock
market loafed in a prediction fog
today and gains and losses, except
IN scattered instances, were so mar
row they were hardly discernible
in the apathetic haze.
Business news was still a bolster
Ing factor but, with the exchange
closed Tuesday and Friday of next
week, most traders inclined to keep
commitments light either way.
Motors and steels were supported
as mounting production in these
helds was forecast for the near
future.
A little buying cropped up in cop-
pers near the finish on reports the
new Chilean government, which
comes into power next month, was
expected to maintain a friendly at
tltude toward American interests.
Anaconda and Kennecott, with i'm
portant holdings in Chile. tilted
upward, along with Phelps Dodge
and American Smelling. The copper
group has been notably laggard
recently.
With the ticker tape frequently
nodding, transfers for the two-hour
proceedings were around 100000
shares.
Relatively good performers in
cluded United States Steel. Beth
lehem, General Motors, Chrysler.
United States Rubber, American
Telephone, Westinghouse, Southern
Pacific, Santa Fe, Union Carbide
and General Electric.
Utilities did little, still being
somewhat depressed by yesterdays
antitrust suit filed by the Govern
ment against Columbia Gas.
Rails held to a slim groove. al
though hopes here were sustained
by contra-seasonal traffic expan-
sion and prospects of legislative
relief for ailing roads following
withdrawal of wage cut demand.
on recommendation of the Presi-
dents Fact-Ftnding Committee.
In view of the more Cheerful, out
look for the automobile makers.
there was considerable guessing
regarding next weeks meetings of
General Motors directors. Possibili-
ties OF dividend ranging from so
cents to SIPS were voiced, despite
the fact the company paid out
more than it earned in the first
nine months.
Evening star., 1938-11-05
Foreign Exchanges

NEW YORK. Nov s Hs. Narrow
changes in terms Of the dollar predomi-
natsd nat: in today's foreisn EXCHANGE deal
:, Sterling held. even. the French franc
OF Of cent. The beIas declined .ooM q
Q cent. while the Swiss franc advanced .
similar amount.
Late morning rates follow:
cents. Great Britain, 4.Ss:: eo:dsy bilis. IS.
9o.2sh: New York In Montreal. loo. II u:
Belgium, 16.9lH: Csechoslovakia. 3.44h:
Denmark. 21.26: Finland 2.12: france
gary. 1885; Italy. 5:26H: Yusoslavia,
Poland. 1884: Portugal. 4.32A: Rumania.
:75: Spain. unauoted: Sweden. 24.53:
switserland. 22,68h: Argentina 81 73n;
Japan, 27.79; Hong Kong, 20. .8b: Shang-
hal. 1900; Rates on spot cables unless
otherwise indicated.
n Nominal,
Evening star., 1938-11-05
American Cyonomid
To Open New Plant
Special Dispatch to The Star,


NORFOLK, Va, Nov. 5.-Making
an important contribution to the
wave of industrialization along the
line Of the Seaboard Railway, the
American Cyanamid & Chemical
Corp. has purchased land and
buildings for the establishment of
a chemical works at GEORGETOWN.
S. c., it was announced today by
Warren T. White, Seaboard general
industrial agent.
Situated on the Sampit River,
the property, which, consists of a
72-acre tract, complete with plant,
has dock facilities for vessels of
30-foot draft. The land has been
acquired from the Seaboard Rail-
way and the plant, comprising
large manufacturing buildings,
boiler house and Office building
has hitherto belonged to the Allan
tic Coast Lumber Co.
Evening star., 1938-11-05
Wholesalers Disclose
Beer Demand Logs
b the Associated Press.

PHILADELPHIA, Nov. 5.-Ths
Philadelphia office of the United
States Census Bureau reported that
dollar sales of 464 representative
beer wholesalers declined 7.6 per
cent in the second quarter Of 1898,
compared with the same months
last year.
The 1888 second quarter sales
were 81 per cent above the first
quarter figures.
Dollar sales Of oil well supply
wholesalers declined 10 per cent
in the second quarter of 1898 "a
compared with the first three months
of the year. The second quarter
figures were "a per cent under those
for the same period last year.
Evening star., 1938-11-05
Hodekin Is Director
Of Wurrenton Bank
Special Dispatch to The Star.

opSClel AHSpaCcn 70 Inc star.
WARRENTON, Va. Nov. 5.-Dr.
William Newton Hodgkin was elect
ed a director of the Fauquier Ma
tional Bank, Warrenton's two-mil-
lion-dollar institution, to succeed
the late Amos F. Payne, at a meet
ing OF the board yesterday.
DR.. Hodgkin is member of the
State Board of Dental Examiners,
q past president and secretary, Of
the Virginia Dental Association,
and vice president of the Amer
ican College of Dentists. He also is
ranking member of the American
Dental Association, having recently
been appointed to the important
Historical Committee.
Evening star., 1938-11-05
U. S. Treasury Position
b the Associated Press.

The position Of the Treasury November
S2S.68O, 5000; net baalnce, 81. .669 $3.50.
1855, including 81 $3.50. .3O4. .519.9l work.
ing balance; customs receipts for the
month. $3.216,817.27.
Receipts for the fiscal year (since July
u. $l,918.1S3,18 81; expenditures, S3.-
O96.744,28938. including S9S2,917,47O 80
penditures, S1.177 .561 ,O99 81; gross debt,
S3S.465.527, ,265.31, an increase Of S295ss
341 .46 over the previous day; sold assetk
Evening star., 1938-11-05
Treasury Bill Price
Increases Slightly
~ the Associated Press,

~ thk ASG0cl6Ced PfeS8.
The Treasury said yesterday that
the price paid for its weekly offering
of $100, ,000, 900 of 91-day Treasury
bills increased slightly to 99.994,
equivalent to borrowing at .022 per
cent. Last weeks offering brought
an average price of 9s.993, equivalent
to OPT per cent.
Evening star., 1938-11-05
Metal Market

NEW YORK. Nov. 8 lR,.-Copper steady;
eiectrolytic. spot, 11.25: export, IL 10. Tin
46.40 Lead steady. spot, New York. So
16; East st. Louis. 1876. Zinc steady; Fast
81; Louis. ; spot and forward. 6:0b. Ptg IRON,
and Chinese wolframite UNCHANGED.
Evening star., 1938-11-05
1,175 Tons Of Leud Sold

NEW YORK, Nov. S LR.-St. Jos
eph Lead Co. reports SO tons Of
Southeast Missouri pig lead sold
yesterday at $495 per 100 pounds
East st. Louis, LOIS tons at S5.15
New York and 100 tons at the New
Kork average.
Evening star., 1938-11-05
Z5-Cent Extra Ordered
BY Creole Directors
3y the Associated Press.

NEW YORK, Nov. 5.-Directors of
Creole Petroleum Corp. yesterday
declared an extra dividend of Is
cents q share and a dividend of Is
cents a share on common stock,
both payable December Is to holders
OF record November 30. On June
10 last similar amounts were paid.
Evening star., 1938-11-05

Approximate Soles of Stocks the NJ T. Stock Exchonoe
11:0O AN 100000 1900 Noon .---- 43O 900
Unit Of trading shares
in bankruptcy recevershp under
Bankruptcy Act or securities assumed
Rates Of dividend disburss-
pased
cluded
I'd Ex dividend. . extras
share Of 81 preerenee stock 25
Declared paid IN
last Cash stock dividend paid Or de.
Evening star., 1938-11-05
Frederick Christmas
Club Fund Larger
BY the Associated Press.
Stock and
- a

FREDERICK, Md, Nov. 5.-Four
banks carrying Christmas club
funds announced payments to mem
bers approximate $l5l 500, an 8 per
cent gain over year ago and the
largest sum to be distributed here
In years. Checks will be mailed to
members about December l.
Evening star., 1938-11-05
Tobacco Markets

Danville warehouses repuorted sales
auctionins at that old belt tobacco market.
Sales for the week ending Thursday aggre-
gated 6,O68,O27 pounds.
Poundage and. price averages reported
for Virginia markets follow:
Evening star., 1938-11-05

Drivers OF old automobiles which
delay trafhc are being fined in Ireland.
Evening star., 1938-11-05
MISCELLANEOUS
Elk dividend

EX dividend
tPlus extras e2% extra febc. e..
ira. 75c extra eS14 extra paid Nc
vember 80. 1887 3Oc extra. m S3 extr.
o Soc paid September 90 1888
Evening star., 1938-11-05
Washington Exchange
,ALES-AFTER CALL.

L Ie
American Security g. Trust Co.
S at 247, S at 247.
Notice--This Exchange will be
closed Tuesday next, Election Day.
Evening star., 1938-11-05
Chicago Stock Market

CHICAGO. Nov. AN-Followinz Is the
complete list OF transactions on the Chi
cago Stock Exchange today:
Sales STOCKS. High. Low Close.
Evening star., 1938-11-05
New York Bank Stocks

NEW YORK. Nov. 8 R.-Investment
Bankers Conference, Inc.
Evening star., 1938-03-22
Little Troublers.

Americans once believed that small
nations had q natural interest in the
preservation of peace. The examples
Of The Netherlands and Denmark,
Belgium and Switzerland probably
affected their judgment Especially
during the years between 1914 and 1918
there developed In the United States
. considerable sentiment in support Of
the principle Of self-government for
ninorities hitherto neglected in the
contest Of empires. President Wilson
was the apostle Of the movement. His
influence had much to do with the
granting Of independence to half .
dozen different little countries, among
which Poland and Lithuania were
included.
But the redrawing Of the map Of
Europe at Versailles and Paris in 1919
did not put stop to conflict. Instead,
it now seems evident, nationalism, how
ever diminutive, is provocative force.
Both Lithuania and Poland may be cited
TO prove the point. Neither has been
tolerant nor liberal toward the other
Rather, relations between the two gov
efnments have been unfriendly from
the start. At present, resort to arms is
Threatened. II th9 peril should b
Evening star., 1938-03-22
1t Might Happen to You.

Are speeding or reckless driving or try
ing to escape arrest for speeding and
reckless driving offenses for which /
citizen must pay with his life, be shot
down by officers of the law whose trigger
fingers are more nimble than their wits1
On the face of it, the fatal shooting
Of the Washington motorist by two
young Falls Church policemen Is inde-
fensible. Even II the man tried to run
over the ofacers-as they say he did
they had no excuse to shoot him down.
And the explanation, I'VE aimed at the
tires" is as hollow as the old story
Il didn't know it was loaded"
The case is important because it is
significant. Citizens who read of the
incident will realize, with horror,
that the same thing might have hap
pened to any one of them. The tragic
part of it is that the dead man can
never tell his side of the story. Perhaps
he was guilty Of reckless driving. Per-
haps he responded to a foolish impulse
and tried to crowd the officers OF the
road and make his escape. Perhaps
he failed to recognize his pursusrs as
officers Of the law. Whatever he did,
he has paid for it with his lite ut the
hands Of two young policemen whose
lack Of experience, training and fitness
for responsibility were shown al too
clearly by their conduct.
Evening star., 1938-03-22
STARS, MEN AND ATOMS
Notebook of Science Progress in Field,
Laboratory and Study.
BY THOMAS r. HENRY.
There are $4,000 suicides in the United

There are $4,000 suicides in the United
States every year.
Most of them, when the circumstances
are analyzed, seem extremely paradoxi-
cal. Specifically the reasons for killing
the self might seem obvious enough. For
some reason or other the pains of life
outweigh its satisfactions. A person, for
example, is suffering from painful
and incurable disease. or has met with
reverses in fortune and cannot endure
the thought of starting all over again
from the bottom.
But actually very few suicides actually
occur under such circumstances. During
the depression it was popularity supposed
that many killed themselves when their
fortunes were wiped out. Actually there
were few such cases. The suicide rate
went up very slightly. It looked big
because every self murder in that period
was attributed to financial reverses.
Perhaps most of the victims had suf-
everybody else.
The explanation apparently must be
sought by delving under the surface
circumstances. Five years ago some
body gave the late Dr. William A. White,
SupCI1uttIlOcIlb u oC. GAAdOCtllS . 11Oo.
pital, $2,50O to finance a study of the
underlying reasons DR.. White turned
the subsidy over to DR.. Karl A. Men
ninger of Topeka, Kans. DR.. Menninger
has just published the results of his
study in book, Man Against Himself"
which penetrates very deeply into the
strange depths of human nature and
the paradoxical wilderness of the human
mind.
Briefly DR.. Menninger's thesis, sup
ported by an imposing array of evi-
dence, is as follows:
An individual develops a great hate,
a murderous hate, against somebody else.
Very often it Is one or both Of the par
ents whose discipline is resented by the
child. But the actual murder, for vast
number Of reasons, cannot be carried out.
Fear of the obvious consequences prob
ably is very minor element. The in
dlvldual is born into q culture pattern
In which there are enormous religions,
moral and social inhibitions against such
an act. 1t is too horrible to be thought
OF. Moreover this hate is balanced by
equally great love. But balancing hate
does not destroy 1t.
Ihere Is one way, however, Of mur-
dering the parent. or whoever else is
the object of the great hate. It can be
done by relatively easy, subconscious
psychological subterfuge. The. hated
one can be identified with the self. Then
the objective can be accomplished by
Evening star., 1938-03-22
Shooting Stars.
By pHuANpER JoHNsoN.

By pHuAANDER JOHNSON.
Faith.
Friend Mocking Bird, out on the fence
You've fingered since the fall.
Perhaps you have lot Of sense
' Or maybe none at all.
Although the snowdrifts gather white
Upon the frozen ground,
When other birds have taken flight,
You still keep hansin' round.
You seem to sense the flowers bright y
That soon will bloom, once more,
When stars, upon 4 balmy night,
viii shine. just as before.
And 70, when sorrows rise anew
To bring me grief profound,
Friend Mocking Bird, I'll think of you
And just keep hangin' round.
Evening star., 1938-03-22
THIS AND THAT
By CHARLES E. TRAcEWELL.

musical and pathological knowledge,
but also because Of the vast love Of Ma
ture which suffuses its pages.
The songs Of most Of our birds are
set down therein to piano accompani-
ment, which, Of course, Is not exactly
natural, but done for q purpose, 80 that
the reader and player will come In the
end to have . higher conception of the
songs Of the birds as real music.
The piano is selected because 1t is so
universal, or, at least was when DR..
Mathews wrote. Fortunately, the piano
is coming into its own again.
No bird plays a piano accompaniment,
either for itself or any comrade.
The accompaniments do, however, en-
force on the human mind just how
closely the bird songs come to being mu-
sic as we know 1t.
DR.. Mathews was trying to get away,
as best he could, from the popular con-
ception that such songs not only are
words, but commonly have the meanings
OF those words.
A word, as our correspondent points
out, Is any sound or combination of
sounds (or It's written or printed SYMBOL
recognized as part Of speech, con-
veying m idea.
One may hesitate, on this basis, to
believe that the famous whip-poor- will
is really attempting to deliver to the
world any idea that some one named
Will should be whipped.
The bird actually knows no Will, nor
has the slightest conception OF whip,
as an instrument of punishment.
Since 1t has not, 1t cannot possibly be
intending to advise the use Of said in
strument on the NEUROLOGICAL Will afore-
said.
1t has no idea, in other words.
A word is not a word, and sentence
IS not q sentence, unless 1t means some
thing.
But who, of course, is to put in the
meanings? Is It permissible to say that
beth the person using word and the
hearer must know what It means" be-
fore it actually is a word?
Even the great Charles Dickens liked
to play with words. At one time in his
life he made up language of his own,
by adding examinations such as "er" to
common words.
Such words, spoken rapidly, gave a
certain effect which was branded as
hog Latin. Dickens was not the origina-
tor Of this fun, of course, but he seems
to have worked it out little better
than most.
Every schoolboy has found out that
words can be made up. and also made
to mean what one says they mean, so
long as some one else is in the know" /"
X +
John Burroughs. true Nature friend,
preferred to give his own meanings to
the birds songs, rather than make them
"say words"
The song of that beautiful singer, the
song sparrow, whose middle name, ap-
propriately enough. is Melodia. made
him think Of simple faith and trust"
And who that has seen this little bird,
poised with its head up, pouring out its
happiness in simple living, but will be
willing to believe in such a meaning?
This Is the best way to think of bird
songs.
Let us observe the birds, admire them.
see how they live. and then try to find
a meaning in their songs which fits in
with their daily lives and ambitions as
birds, and ours as humans, rather than
be content with such senseless phrases
as old Sam Peabody -body-body
"Whip-poor-wiu' and the like. which
express no real ideas either to birds or
to us.
Evening star., 1938-03-22

topics holding the spotlight. Besides
sorely-needed coordination OF existing
peace machinery-pacts Of investigation,
mediation. Cancellation, arbitration and
consultation-the- questions Of an inter-
American court and an American
League Of Nations will claim first
attention.
One need not be . cynic to doubt the
likelihood Of immediate creation of such
regional agencies Is IN American court
and m American league, but the mere
fact that they are being considered is
evidence Of the objection in which
Latin American statesmen are thinking.
The failure Of world agencies to pro-
vide adequate security to small nations
has well-nish destroyed the theory that
world peace is indivisible, and has
forced the weaker countries to seek
protection In regional systems. The
trend in the American continents is
only . reflection Of the trend in Europe.
The Dominican Colombian project for
an American association Of nations
with its quarantine" for aggressors may
provide the basis for . stronger union
between the twenty-one American re-
publics. The obvious defects In the
draft treaty should not deter the search
for . foundation on which the two
continents can fortify their peace by
closer afilis tion.
Evening star., 1938-03-22
Pan.American Peace.

Careful limitation of the tasks ~
before leaders Of the Americas vhsa
they meet next December in Lima WIN
% long way In making possible con-
crete advances toward achievement Of
inter-American solidarity.
With some twenty-five topics prepared
for them by the governing board Of
the Pan-American Union, the delegates
from North. Central and South America
should be able to do noteworthy work
in completing the job, begun at Butnos
Aires fifteen months ago, Of assuring
peace in the Americas. The agenda, ~
1t goes to the member governments for
final approval, Is in striking contrast to
the ambitious programs Of. previous
conferences.
Although the usual matters Of inter.
national law, economic and social prob
lens, and Intellectual cooperation have
been retained, the greatest efforts at
Lima will Be directed toward organiza.
ton ot psacf with four clsax-cat sub
Evening star., 1938-03-22

numbering the self There Is about the
same phenomenon of Identification as
that OF the small boy with the gangster
hero OF motion picture or of the
high school girl with the motion picture
actress only it is much stronger.
With this thesis such suicides as many
OF those which took place after the 1929
stock market crash did take on quite
different aspect. Men did not jump from
once building windows because they
had lost their money and couldn't stand
the prospect Of starting life over again.
Such a man, in some cases at least,
blamed his broker for his reverses. He
hated the broker and wanted to murder
him. That would have been against the
law. It would have been against the
moral and emotional laws which are
So he satisfied his murderous hate by
numbering the broker by proxy-that
proxy being himself.
This, Of course, is a rather expensive
way of murder. Is there not anything
of the self left which does not enter into
the identification. which is still too
precious to be destroyed? There often
is. DR.. Menninger points out in present.
ing perhaps the strangest paradox OF
suicide. Frequently person who ap-
parently has gone to great lengths to
take his own life and failed will plead
desperately with the doctor to save him.
That is, very often the suicide doesn't
want to die and never did want to die. He
didn't want to kill himself Life was just
as precious as ever. He only wanted to
kill the hated person identified with
himself.
In some cases, however, the hate is
actually for the self, per Sc. The self
has failed to live~up to the obligations
set upon 1t by the super-ego, Of con-
science, and becomes detested. In any
event. there probably are few cases of
suicide, DR.. Menninger holds, which
are not activated by murderous hate
either for the self or for somebody else
identified with the self.
This hate may not be sufficiently in
tense to call for murder. It may require
for its satisfaction only q severe man
handling Of the hated person. Or the
moral and social inhibitions against ac-
tual suicide may be in balance with the
similar inhibitions against murder. This
is not an unsurmountable bar to car
rying out the impulse. There are any
number Of psychological tricks by which
one can get out Of the difficulty without
going to the ultimate extreme. Conse-
quently there are all degrees of suicide
from such childish habit as f1ngernail
biting to the attempted suicide which
was not actually intended to be sue
cessful. One may commit such q proxy
murder by identifying the hated object
with some part Of ones own body and
then killing that"
Still another way Is to play dead and
shut the self Oh from the world, . DOS
sible explanation for the behavior Of
some Of the most celebrated hermits.
Still another way Is through the mental
gymnastics as the dementia precox pa
tient who effectively kills his larger self,
the real world around him. Hypochondri-
acs-folks who are sick" all the time
without any sufficient organic reasons
have hit upon another way of partial
suicide. Some persons, 1t is well known,
are far more prone than others to acci-
dents. They are forever being injured
mare q lee severely, although they are
Evening star., 1938-03-22

realized, the cause Of democracy would
be subjected to another beating. Amer
ican veterans Of the struggle of two
decades ago must wonder what delusion
prompted them to think that they were
saving freedom. The liberty they helped
to establish has been too frequently
abused,
Perhaps the method was mistaken. It
may be that civilization cannot be
coerced. The pragmatic philosopher who
expects nothing Of organized society
appears to be JUSTIFIED by the history
Of the past quarter Of century. Yet
there must be some sanity among men,
there must be some escape from the
vicious circle of repetitious violence.
Surely, good will Is not sterile power.
Poland and Lithuania should be re-
minded of the fact that the undefended
boundary Of the United States and
Canada has not been crossed by 4
hostile battalion In more than hundred
years. The mutual respect which has
maintained peace in North America
might be initiated. II it is feasible in
the Western Hemisphere. it ought snot
to be altogether impossible in th9
Eastern. Why not try arbitration before
1t is too later
Evening star., 1938-03-22

rectly charged to take care that the laws
be faithfully executed" He added that
he had been confronted for some time
with threat to the continued success
ful functioning Of the Tennessee Valley
Authority, because Of the failure Of DR..
Morgan and the other members Of the
board to agree. He insisted that If this
law was to be faithfully executed" Dr..
Morgan must be removed, or words to
that effect. He apparently is basing
his right Of removal in the Morgan case
on this general direction he finds in the
Constitution.
If DR.. Morgan remains firm in his
stand, and the President removes him, .
very pretty row will develop-and its
repercussions will 30 far beyond the con.
dues of WaShiugton. = $3.50