davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1938-10-14
A Barometer Rises.

Reports OF accelerated unemployment
in the, automobile industry are most
encouraging, particularly in conjunction
with other indications of improving
business conditions for the winter season.
For this giant Of Americas industrial
family not only is a major employer of
men by itself but is also an extremely
sensitive barometer of the economic
weather In other quarters. In simplest
terms, the automobile manufacturers
make cars only when they have reason
able assurance that q ready market
exists, a condition dependent, Of course,
upon employment in general.
Six months ago the manufacturers
saw only market glutted with second
hand cars, many of them repossessed or
sold when owners became jobless. The
result was a rapid deceleration in pro-
duction to a point Of almost complete
inactivity for an industry essential to
the countrys prosperity. With q huge
reservoir of unused mileage existing in
these used cars and in the millions of
others already in service there was ade-
quate reason to fear an extended shut
down for the whole important industry
But just as they were quick to feel the
showdown in other lines and to contrib
ute to the condition by their own cur
tailment so the car manufacturers have
been alert to . quickening Of market
conditions. In this instance, according
10 STATISTICS, the results take the form
Evening star., 1938-10-14
CrOss-TOwn.

A detailed study of the need for cross
town bus service from the general vicinity
Of Chevy Chase to the far northeastern
section Of the city has been undertaken
by the Public Utilities Commission. The
action results from the inability of the
transit company and various civic organ
izations to agree on routes and service,
and follows 4 petition for such 4 line
signed by some ten thousand citizens.
The traction company says such line
would operate at loss of $l31 900 q
year. Regardless Of the responsibility
OF the company to furnish transportation
to residents and businesses of all sections,
such an Improbable route should not
be forced upon 1t without the most careful
investigation. There is always the danger
that existing necessary service would be
impaired by efforts to absorb the loss.
On the other hand, a thorough investi-
cation of tho possible need for either a
system Of cross-town or OF shuttle serv-
ices should be made. Roughly, the transit
routes Of the city spread out fan-wise
from the congested business section. This
leaves large sections in the outer alpha
BETS lying in islands between the transit
lines. The matter was Of less Importance
until very recent years when these Sec
tions have been built up to near capacity.
But today the demand for more diver
sified routes has grown. To travel from
one section to another, although they
may be comparatively close, frequently
requires riding buses or street cars far
toward the center Of the city and trans
ferring back. Rock Creek alone has
acted as transit barrier to communica-
tion between Chevy Chase and Cleveland
Park and the more eastern sections of
the city.
There is no doubt 4 need for such
service exists. A thorough study of all
the possibilities would reveal the extent
Of such necessity and the advisability Of
satisfying it.
Evening star., 1938-10-14

Among the toll taken in New England
by the recent hurricane must be reck.
oned thousands Of historical trees, many
Of them centuries old.
No census Of the exact damage In this
respect as yet has been made. but enough
IL now known to make tree lovers the
country over mourn.
Horticultural New England suffered an
irreparable loss, not only in the fall Of
these giants Of the forest, but also In the
destruction Of many famous gardens.
Every good tree left standing Will be
loved all the more. and a. . reflex every
good tree everywhere will be treasured
more than ever.
The National Capital has been fortu-
nate in its trees, SO far.
Even progress, which Is not an un-
mixed blessing, evidently. has left us
thousands of fine trees, although it must
be admitted that hundreds Of them have
hard time of 1t trying to live sur.
rounded by concrete and gasoline fumes.
Washington still remains q powered
city, surrounded by suburban areas In
which every tree has been treasured by
far-seetng builders and owners.
Not all Is rosy, however, in this re.
spect; the culture Of trees requires exact
knowledge, as does the raising of other
living things.
A family recently purchased home In
Northwest suburban community.
One Of the influencing factors In their
selection was the row Of great trees along
brook in the backyard.
The stream bed had been changed.
and to achieve this result the trees were
covered with earth 4 certain distance up
the trunk.
In two months time the great trees all
were dead. to the despair of the new
home owners. The ofhcial reason for the
deaths was given as gas which collected
in the ground as the result OF the change
in the stream, but many will feel that
the cutting OF of air from the roots was
the prime factor.
1t is not generally realized, perhaps,
that trees breathe, even as we do Each
species has certain depth of earth,
above the roots, which is suitable to 1t.
What will kill one species will not
harm another. It all depends upon the
tree, its habits of growth, and It's root
system.
Love Of trees is 4 part Of the mental
life of most of US.
Maybe it Is veritable part Of the
physical life, too, since the forests were
part and parcel of humanity's early
years. those vast formative cons Of all
of US.
Then. too. forests played an intimate
part in the life of early Americans.
Maybe we remember that, too.
Early homes mostly were hewed out
of the solid forest.
The ring of a woodsman's AK often
was the only sound to break the stiffness
Of the forest, with the exception OF the
Evening star., 1938-10-14

garian Foreign Minister Kanya an
nounced that his government would
hand over its claims to . four-power
conference for decision. It was not indi-
Gated which countries would constitute
the quartet, but 1t is believed they will
be the Munich powers-G Germany, Great
Britain, France and Italy-which Or
dained the dismemberment Of Czecho-
slovakia In the first place.
Thus, once again q war scare evap-
Grated almost as soon as 1t developed.
Hungary's last-moment readiness to SUBJ
init her claims to four-power arbitra-
ment may have been promoted by re-
vived suggestions that Czechoslovakia's s
Little Entente partners, Rumania and
Yugoslavia, would come to her assistance
If she were invaded by the Hungarians.
But that was ages ago, measured by the
dizzy tempo of the last month, and alli-
ances today are not quite what they were
supposed to be in mid-september. II
the sad history written since September
18 is any criterion the surgeons Of Mu-
Mich are likely to order Czechoslovakia
back to the operating table for amputa-
ton of her southeasternmost limb.
Hungary was sorely despoiled of terri
tory by the Treaty of Trianon. Not only
Czechoslovakia, but Rumania and Yugo-
slavia, profited handsomely by her dis
memberment. Naturally the Hungarians
have for nineteen years been in the FORE
front Of the "revisionist" movement. It
was hardly to be expected they would
fail to make hay in the sun that has
recently been shining In central Europe
for nearly everybody but the Czechs.
Internal political conditions, moreover.
were ripe for either a NaN or possibly
another Communist coup at Budapest.
It is not surprising that the Imredy
government acted promptly and vigor-
ously to obtain Hungary's share OF the
Czechoslovak swag while the going was
good.
Evening star., 1938-10-14
THIS AND THAT
3, CHARLES Z. TRAcEHELL.

cries Of the birds and the peculiar low
hum which seems . part Of tho forest
life.
Care Of trees in q city means, hrst Of
all. IN intellectual understanding Of
some Of the problems they face in such
. distorted life.
Tho modern tendency has been to
make streets wider and wider, thus cut.
ting down on the amount Of sidewalk
and parking. In turn reducing the
amount Of bare earth and sod around
each tree.
There IL very little which can be done
about the perpetual bath Of fumes in
which city trees are forced to live their
lives, thanks to modern inventive genius.
No forest tree has to contend With
anything remotely resembling 1t.
Hence, city trees are pioneers, trying
their best to establish themselves under
inimical conditions. Not only are their
leafy systems enveloped in strange gases,
but their water and food are cut OF.
That they live - well ~ they do.
under such circumstances, 10 q tribute to
natures powers.
AA4&
But that IL not all.
Insect, and fungus pests try their best
to kill them.
Various diseases attack them. In this
way some species, such ~ chestnuts,
have been all but wiped out.
AZ for watering, feeding and spraying
public trees, this must bs left to the
authorities. which do . good Job of It,.
all things considered. This IL attested
by Washington's many magnificent trees,
70 widespread that most Of us simply
take them ~ matter Of course.
All motorists may help in q good work
by taking care not to bark the trunks
. Of trees, nor to park too close to them.
Those who insist on burning autumn
leaves In the streets may help trees by
putting the mounds OF leaves well away
from the trunks, and even far from
under the spread Of the leaves. Owners
OF trees should never permit employees
Of public utilities to touch their trees.
but should find out in what way they
may be interfering with the best func-
tioning OF said utilities, and then hire
their own tree expert to do whatever
work may be necessary.
Fortunately, the cost Of tree work has
fallen In recent years.
The old idea was that only God could
make . tree, and only Z millionaire
afford to have any work done on one.
Today there are any number of enter
prising young men who use both brains
and muscle in treating and caring for
trees.
They will do anything from saving of
. limb to rescuing the family pet cat,
and their charges for such services are
reasonable. (They make no charge for
getting clawed in line Of duty)
Trees are worth 4 great deal; the pri-
vate owner has both the privilege and
duty Of taking care Of his own.
Evening star., 1938-10-14
Defensive Rearmament.

With Weather-eye cooked toward the
still rumbling war clouds of Europe, the
United States is pressing forward with
a formidable program of protection
against every possible menace-now or
later-on the international horizon. That
there has been no relaxation In the Gov
ernments preparedness policy-a policy
born Of sad experience in World War
days-is evidenced by announcement Of
plans for big boost in naval appropria-
tions next year.
President Roosevelt has disclosed that
the budget for national defense will be
increased by at least $150,0O0, 900
to facilitate construction of warships
authorized under the billion-dollar de-
fense expansion program approved by
the last Congress. A start on this ten
year building program will be made next
year, when two new battleships, four
cruisers, eight destroyers and half
dozen or more submarines will be laid
down. Two battleships already are under
construction and more are planned.
There is nothing incongruous in Presi-
dent Roosevelt's announcement of naval
expansion plans and War Secretary
Woodring's statement on the same day
limiting at the possibility OF an arms
conference. Mr.. Woodring expressed
hope. specifically, for an international
agreement to rid all aircraft of bomb
racks and other implements Of war. This
country carries no chip on its shoulder.
It abhors war and war-makers, but the
American policy Of minding ones own
business does not connote a lack of back
bone when danger threatens our shores.
There is no suggestion Of turbulence in
. national policy calling for a vigorous
defense, and the time to prepare for such
q defense is certainly at hand.
Britain's Prime Minister Chamberlain
told the House OF Commons recently that
. weakness in armed strength means a
weak diplomacy" A nation strongly
armed, in other words, is in a position
to speak in strong terms and to command
respect. With every other major power
apparently engaged in race to build
armaments of unprecedented strength
and indications are that not all of this
might Is Of the non-aggressive variety
1t would be perilous for this country to
be lulled into sense of false security by
those who preach that 1T cannot happen
here"
Evening star., 1938-10-14
Planned Economy?

Senator O,Mahoney, chairman Of the
committee of Congressman and admin
istrative officers who will investigate
monopolistic practices, has asked group
of New York businessmen to submit to
the committee their own formula for the
elimination of the evils Of destructive
competition. The invitation was accom-
panied by the plain implication that the
alternative to discovery Of such for
mula is the imposition upon industry Of
"a planned economy under public
authority"
The Senator from Wyoming did not
elaborate on what he meant by planned
economy, but there can be little doubt
that he had in mind much more ex-
tensive and detailed supervision Of busi-
ness than now prevails.
Senator OMahoney is no Eyes man"
for the New Deal. Considered one Of the
more able members Of the Senate, he has
demonstrated his independence on sew
eral occasions, notably in the decisive
stand he took against the Supreme Court
bill. But Mr.. .OMahoney is. neverthe-
less, an enemy of big business" If that
term can be applied to what he considers
the evils inherent in vast corporate
enterprises not owned and operated by
the same individuals. In the past he has
repeatedly urged enactment Of legisla-
ton giving the Federal Government a
licensing power over all corporations
doing an interstate business proposal
that was fought by spokesmen for indus
try-and it may be that he envisions
something Of that sort in the future
unless a more desirable substitute can
be found.
1t is obvious, Of course, that Senator
OMahoney cannot speak for the COM
mittee or for Congress. At the same
time, however, 1t should be realized that
he is capable and indefatigable worker.
and probably will play very important
part in shaping the conclusions of the
committee he heads
It would seem, therefore, that it will
be to the advantage Of businessmen and
industry as q whole to accept his invita-
ton at its face value. He has promised
them 4 full hearing and 1t may be
assumed that he means what he says,
for Senator OMahoney has never been
one to bait prominent witness with one
eye on the newspaper headlines and the
other on his constituents back home.
Most businessmen would prefer not
more, but less governmental regulation.
If they can make 4 convincing case to
that effect they should submit it, but if
not, they should certainly make the most
of this opportunity to present their own
formula for reform. A failure to do 80
will result only in strengthening the
position of those in Congress and the
New Deal who view an anti-monopoly
crusade as sure-flre political ammuni-
ton.
Evening star., 1938-10-14

Of increased production schedules and
extensive unemployment.
Such q trend, incidentally, should
eliminate the need Of recourse to the
generally unsatisfactory and usually ex-
pensive expedient Of sharing the work
through undue reduction OF hours In .
work week.
And II the automobile industry can
bring itself back In the coming few weeks
to its own normal" level Of employ
ment. the rest of the country may well
feel both grateful and optimistic.
Evening star., 1938-10-14
Agrees With Argument On
Quality of Population.

I agree with your correspondent Cyrus
H. Eshleman that we have some worries
about the quality Of our population even
II the trend in the quantity is In the
right direction.
The experts tell us that in about thirty
years the descendants Of people on relief
and near relief will be about twice as
numerous as the descendants of comfort
ably situated people.
Now because q man is poor or on relief
u no sign he is Of poor biological quality,
or because 4 man has little money is
no sign he y very Intelligent. But dare
say thS men with the money on the aver
age would rate higher biologically ana
intellectually than the average for the
reliefers. But even II this were not 10 1t
ID dangerous business economically for
the poor to have twice as many children
- their more fortunate neighborS.
October 10, 1885. SAM BURNS.
Evening star., 1938-10-14
Says Secretary Hull
Erred In Protest.
To the Dditor Of The

10 tne Bdltof OF The Dtar:
Lazaro Cardenas, President of Mexico,
issued a decree confiscating petroleum
latent in Mexicos subsoil. As per Juris-
prudential Americana, the subsoil Is the
nations patrimony. not to be sold or
leased; for 1t Is high treason to dispose
Of the mother land. President Cardenas
blundered by not discriminating between
the machinery, ETC., used for pumping
and refining oil, and the oil itself, which
Is the product Of the nations patrimony,
its subsoil. If the governors Of oil-pro-
ducing states sold or leased the subsoil
Of their respective states they are trail
tors, and the Mexican Congress is right
in repeating any such concessions, but
the product of the subsoil can be dis
posed Of In accordance with the nations
exploitation laws.
But when Secretary of State Cordell
Hull, on behalf of the United States,
protested to Mexico against the Aconfls-
cation of oil held by United States citi-
zens he erred because he cited interna-
tional law, which does not exist, and
lacked morale, because his own Govern
ment has and is confiscating gold, which
Is not even . product Of the subsoil Of
the United States but m imported COM
modify, not needed by the Government,
and hence not subject to confiscatio
de jure.
Citation-Mrs. Anna Goldman of Phil
adelphia horded $3.50 worth Of United
States gold notes, which came rightfully
into her possession. The Federal Gov
ernment confiscated her gold notes in
violation Of the Constitution, which per-
mits appropriations or seizures only for
public use. And the Supreme Court stul-
titled itself by ruling In favor Of gold
seizures, which are not used but horded
by the Government.
Cordell Hull sees the straw in Mexico's
eye, but not the beam In Uncle Sans
eye. FEDERICO g. DIA0O.
October II, 1898.
Evening star., 1938-10-14
Shooting Stars.
BY PHILANDkR JOHNSON.
Inevitable.

Inevitable.
What e'er the enterprise you start
That CLEANS with roseate hopes 80 ray,
Some mercenary plays 4 part
And coldly calls on you to pay.
The glow Of poetic soul
Must pale and flicker, fade and fit
Unless he has the price Of coal.
This is the finish: please remit"
In hours Of grief or friendly cheer.
And cen midst heroisms thrill,
Some heartless one is lowering near
In waiting to present = bill.
Though We quote maxims sagely bland.
Though we extol the man Of wit,
King Midas wields the scepter and,
This Is the finish: please remit"
Evening star., 1938-10-14
The Drama Of Old Age.

It is not the ugly wrinkles nor faded,
whitened hair,
Nor yet the isolation Of having place
nowhere,
Nor perhaps q hardened eardrum, nor
eyesight DINNER grown,
Not even the experience Of being left
p. alone;
But the thinking back to happiness.
Bright though the pictures be
They vivify q past that's dead-there
Nee the trAtsdy.
-oagtHadA Aoa1o NoQDla1oA,
Evening star., 1938-10-14
Hungary Asks Her Slice.

It was a foregone conclusion that,
when Europe stood by as Hitler helped
himself to sudeten Czechoslovakia, other
powers with minority" claims would lose
no time in asserting them. Indeed, on
the day Chamberlain paid his first visit
to the Fuehrer at Berchtesgaden septem-
Der 20, high officials of Poland and Hun
gary turned up there to warn all con-
cerned that they, too, demanded slice
Of the cake which was about to be cut.
Their presence at the NaA throne in
the guise Of suppliants carried clear evi-
dence that they expected Hitler's support.
Matters have moved rapidly and deci-
Evely in the intervening three weeks.
The Poles effected military occupation
Of the Teschen area even before the
swastika had been planted throughout
the Sudeten country. Mere diplomatic
negotiations between Warsaw and
Prague, accompanied by Polish saber-
rafting At psychological moments,
bloodlessly accomplished Polands pur-
pose. Hungarys claims, being far more
spacious, did not prove 80 susceptible Of
adjustment.
They reached a climactic and critical
stage yesterday, when q Czechoslovak-
Hungarian conference at Komarom, on
the border Of the disputed area, came
to deadlock. Budapest demanded about
5000 square miles, Prague was willing to
oede only 1000. The Hungarians, evi-
IDENTIFY persuaded that decimated
Czechoslovakia, which IS also bereft of
powerful allies, could not resist pressure
to satisfy Hungary's claims in full, SUBJ
mitted An ultimatum which expired at
six o'clock last evening. If by that time
Prague had not yielded, Budapest init
mated that the Hungarians would
march. Moderate counsels appear to
have prevailed, for, after declaring tho
Komarom negotiations broken "a, Hun
Evening star., 1938-10-14
Injustice to Park Bank
Depositofs Protested.
To the Editor Of The Star:

Those Park Bank depositors who re-
ceived q jolt five years ago when head
lines screamed Of that banks debacle
had q pleasanter surprise in this weeks
headlines. That is, some Of them did.
For the directors, held liable for part Of
the missing funds. the news IS decidedly
unpleasant. For numbers Of elderly de-
positors the announcement comes too
late. While not quite in the class with
the proverbial Jaundice versus Jaundice
case, ive years is long time to destitute
aged-some could not wait.
But there is a third group. Relief
was denied (by the COURT those making
deposits after the expiration date on the
theory they should have known the
charter had expired and were victims OF
their own negligence in failing to ascer-
tain that fact" We were among those
negligent" ones and 80 are denied
redress.
What irony! When we moved to Wash
ington, just before the aforementioned
expiration date" and opened an ac-
count at the Park Bank. It did not occur
to US to ask there, Has your charter
expired?" It did not occur to us that
a hourishing bank with thousands Of
depositors in the heart Of the Nations
Capital was doing business illegally! We
were new to Washington and patriotic
then. So for four years We passed our
hard learned savings, for which We sacri-
feed with q cherished end in view,
through the window to those We are now
told we should have known were 0nqual-
ified to receive them. Had any doubts
assailed u.s. the fine, big bronze plate at
the bank door would have treasured us,
naive that we were. 1t read: This bank
is under the supervision Of the United
States Treasury"
Later, the only person indicted for the
huge embezzlement, besides q young
cashier, was an official In the Treasury,
accused of tipping of" the vice presi-
dent, Stunz, whenever bank examiners
were due. This man, with high Official
connections In the Capital was never
brought to justice, though date for his
trial was At first set and then ignored
at various times. His doctor said he was
too Ill to appear. On one occasion when
4 date was set for his trial, Judge ODon-
oghue Of this city proclaimed IN eject:
Better that one man should die than
that the people should lose faith IN the
justice Of the courts" Thank Heaven,
we cried, "a champion has arisen to de-
fend the name of justicel" But that Is
the last we have heard Of the matter.
Justice. 1t is an awesome word. I
contemplate 1t every time pass the
magnificent new palace Of justice in this
magnificent Capital of the New World.
OF course, we are victims of our own
negligence" We should have known
what the supervision Of the United
States Treasury" meant. We know now.
LARRY OROURKE.
October II, 1885, -
Evening star., 1938-10-14
Twenty Years Ago
The World War Day by Day,
October II, 1918.

In Belgium, British, French and Bel
sians broke through on . twenty
front for 4 fve-mile ADVANCE They car
ried Roulers, thereby driving A deep
wedge in the enemy's positions covering
Zeebrugge and Ostend. They got within
four miles Of Courtrai. 80
In the Champagne, the enemy con-
tinued to fee north and east. Gourauds
men crossed the Aisne and prepared to
push on to Mesieres, twenty-five miles
distant. French and Americans con-
tinued to push down the Meuse Valley
and took Cunel. >