davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Coolidge examiner., 1938-12-01
Transportation

When President Roosevelt's rail-
road fact-fnding committee refused
carriers request for IS per cent
wage reduction, it became apparent
that congress must find some solu-
ton to the nations perplexing trans
portation problem. Not only are
railroads now handicapped by du-
plicating lines and truck competi-
ton, but their expenses are being
boosted $40, 900, 900 this year by the
railroad retirement act of 1887.
Most suggested remedial legisla-
ton calls for Cd government subSi-
dies under the guise Of national de-
fense, and (2) government loans to
help railroads modernize equipment
and extend their lines. Bills along
these lines will probably be intro
duced by Montana'S Sen. Burton K.
Wheeler, chairman of the senate's
committee on interstate commerce
and the railroad finance committee.
Mr.. WheelerS two proposed laws
would:
/. Empower railroads, even if
they are in the process of reorgani-
zation, to obtain government loans
by creating obligations prior to
those now in existence.
2. Establish standards for finan-
cial reorganization, including provi-
The Coolidge examiner., 1938-12-01
Bruckarts Washington Digest
Danger of Jewish Problem for
United States in German Purge
Resentment of American People Aroused by Hitler's
Harshness; Opening of Gates to Refugees Might
Introduce Disturbing Influence.
BY WILLIAM BRUCKART
WNU Service, National Press Bldg, Washington, d. C.

the case of a racial question, es-
pecially with regard to the Jewish
race.
We ought not kid ourselves. There
are many persons swearing ale
glance to the United States who do
not like Jews. Those persons may
be otherwise good citizens, but they
diStrust Jew because he is Jew,
making no distinction between in
dividuals 1t is stating nothing new
to say that there has been almost
steady undercurrent of criticism of
Mr.. Roosevelt from certain quarters
because Jews have been given
prominent places in the New Deal.
l think it is not stretching the imag-
ination at all, therefore, to point to
the Jewish problem as one that may
become involved in politics at some
future time. although 1 hope it nev-
er does.
Mr.. Roosevelt has proposed re-
moval of some of the immigration
restrictions as a means of bringing
into this country more German Jews
than our immigration laws now per-
NIT. In so doing, he verged on poll
tics himself. Any one familiar with
the debates on immigration policies
in the early 1920s must recall the
severity of that battle. The issue
was whether we, as a nation, were
going to be haven for all comers and
just hope that they would do things
the American way, or whether we
should restrict the number coming
here to live to a number which could
be absorbed into our national life.
Labor unions and most employers
favored the restrictions, and when
we think of the number of unem-
ployed in the last five or six years
people fed and clothed by the fed
eral governmental appears that
we allowed too many to come in. 1t
seems we could have excluded all of
them to advantage.
The Coolidge examiner., 1938-12-01
Domestic

Under Secretary of State Corden
Hull, the u. S. has consummated 20
reciprocal trade agreements Gn-
Guiding two with Canada) as au-
thoriZed by the trade agreements
act of 1884 Carried on aggressive
ly, Mr.. Hulls program now covers
three-ffths of all American exports
and imports. Behind the treaties
is the 'most-favored-nation" prin-
ciple, under which contracting ma
tons agree to discriminatory
treatment in the fixing of quotas. In
each treaty. both signatory nations
pledge not to impose internal taxes
on imported articles higher than
those imposed on similar articles
of domestic or other origin.
Keystone and climax to this pro-
gram is the reciprocal trade treaty
just signed with Great Britain, in
cluding the dovetailing second
treaty with Canada. Since a uni
lateral principle applies to Mr..
Hulls treaties, the benefits of this
U. S-British agreement are now
open to all other nations with which
the u. s. has commercial treaties.
Principal non-participants are Eu-
ropes dictator nations. The even
tual aim of idealistic Mr.. Hull is
abandonment of international trade
barriers and the idea of artificial
self-sufficiency, and a more stabi-
lized world currency.
Chief arguments against the
Anglo-American pact come from
business interests who claim their
domestic sales are injured by Brit
ish competition. Arguments in IA
vor of the treaty will maintain that
while British competition is in
creased on some domestically.
manufactured items, a great many
more items can now be exported tc
the United Kingdom, since most
The Coolidge examiner., 1938-12-01
Penalized for That
Which Was Unavoidable

w. B. Maxwell tells a story
about the venerable Lord Halls
bury, whose caddie had forced the
famous lord chancellor to count a
second stroke after his ball had
been pulled out from under bush.
ga harsh decision" soliloquized
the jurist, land I cannot but
strongly urge that if the ball was
playable in law it was not play
able in fact. Then how can one
equitably be penalized as if COM
mitting a misdemeanor, when only
doing that which is unavoidable
and inevitable? l would submit
that if golf be really a game of
skill, and not merely a game of
chance :" he went on until the
green was reached.
The Coolidge examiner., 1938-12-01
international

By prosecuting Jews and subdu-
ing Christianity in favor of Nazi
ideology. Germany tells the world
that a triumphant political philos-
ophy is worth more to her than the
worlds good will. What Germany
apparently fails to realize is that
the resultant international resent
ment will ruin the Reich's export
trade, thereby creating internal
economic chaos. This pressure is
already felt in Sudetenland and Aus
tria, the recently annexed terri
tories whose manufac ctured items
must now bear the mark, Made in
Germany" Both areas find world
anti-Nazi sentiment a serious threat
to their once hourishing export busi-
ness.
Meanwhile international plans to
help German Jews are meeting in
evitable opposition. Since most
countries already have unemploy-
ment problems, few are willing to
increase this burden by accepting
new immigrants. They also realize
that Jews are predominantly trades
men and therefore fear their estab-
lished business men would suffer
from this new competition.
In the u. S., President Roosevelt
has granted a six-month extension
to German visitors rather than re-
turn them to the hostile Reich. He
The Coolidge examiner., 1938-12-01
Foreign

After Czechoslovakia made peace
with Germany by ceding Sudeten
border areas to the Reich, Poland
and Hungary jumped in with simi-
lar claims. Poland was pacified
when war-lost Teschen was re-
turned. To Hungary went the south
ern portion of Slovakia and small
corner Of Ruthenia (see striped por-
ton Of map. settlement arranged
jointly by Germany and Italy. But
the bulk of little Ruthenia was re-
tanned by Czechoslovakia on Ger
many's insistence, much to the sor-
row of Poland and Hungary who
wanted a common border.
Smart Adolf Hitler has two rea-
sons for demanding Ruthenia'S au-
tonomy. First, his economic policy
has made Czechoslovakia a vassal
state and at some future date Ger
many intends to march through that
country into the Russian Ukraine
and other parts of southeastern Eu-
rope. Should Hungary get Ruthenia
and turn hostile to Germany, the
march to the east would be blocked.
Second, Ruthenia has immense
value as a nucleus for Nazi propa-
gandizing in the Ukraine and neigh
boring Rumania.
Meanwhile Czechoslovakia is in no
position to defend herself from the
band of wolves barking around her
entire frontier. Not only is she un-
der Germany's thumb, but Slovakia
and Ruthenia have now been grant
ed autonomy which makes them
largely independent of the central
Prague government.
The result has been two unpubli-
cized wars in which covetous Po-
land and Hungary have been inter-
esting themselves under the expla-
nation of police action" The first
centers in Ruthenia's Carpathian
mountains, where Hungary has won
a substantial portion of the natives
to her cause. In the ensuing civil
war between pro-Czech and pro-
Hungarian Ruthenians, Polish and
Hungarian border troops have in
tervened.
The other war is centered along
Slovakia's Polish frontier, where
Czech and Polish border troops have
been fighting. Though none of the
three concerned governments has
spoken officially, it is quite obvious
that Poland has agreed to help Hun
gary capture Ruthenia if Hungary
will help Poland grab the rest of
Slovakia This would leave Czecho-
slovakia with nothing but western
Bohemia and Moravia, located en-
tirely within Germany's mouth. :"
1t is doubtful that Germany would
tolerate this threat to her proposed
eastward expansion, but her oppo-
sition might aid the cause of anti
Nazi forces by arousing the ire of
both Hungary and Poland.
The Coolidge examiner., 1938-12-01
Only Congress Can Let
Down immigration Bars

Behind the scenes of the immi-
grafton restriction also was a deter
mination on the part of Senator
David A. Reed of Pennsylvania,
then a senate power, to prevent in
PRODUCTION into the United States of
all kinds of ''isms" The senator
foresaw the spread of radicalism by
means of entry of the European
backwash and rubbish. There was
not much discussion Of this phase
because our government did not
want to offend any foreign nation.
1t was a basic reason, however, and
it is too bad that it was not given
more public consideration.
Fortunately, there can be no
change in the number of foreigners
admitted from any nation without
action by congress. The United
States can take only so many
something like 10000 a year-of
those purged Jews, unless congress
amends the law. And when I say it
is fortunate that there must be ac-
ton by congress before there can
be a change in policy, l mean no
inferences.
I believe Mr.. Roosevelt is emf
nently correct when he says that
there must be a ''homeland' estab-
liShed for the Jews. The British
tried to make Palestine that sort of
a base, it will be remembered, but
they failed because Arabs don't like
Jews. This experience then would
seem to point to the necessity for
the Jews being colonized quite
alone If the United States can eX-
tend help in doing that job, there
ought to be no criticism of the
course, even if it involves financial
assistance. 1t would be a charity
worthwhile, and charity that would
not involve us later on. repeat that
l believe there is real danger in let
ting down the fioodgates for immi-
grafton whereas the other method
would seem to be a humanitarian
action again demonstrating our ma
tional sympathy for a downtroddep
peODle
The Coolidge examiner., 1938-12-01
Purge of German JeUs an
Exposition of Mad Power

l suppose there are very few per-
sons in the United States who do
not believe that Hitler's purge" Of
German Jews constitutes a blot
upon modern civilization. l know
that leading Germans in the United
States wish there were ways and
means to stop the action. There
can be no defense of the outright
seizure of $4OO 100000 of money
from the Jews of Germany under
the guise Of a fine" although there
is a lesson of warning in it. Like
wise, none can convince me that
Hitler has kept his underlings free
of graft and corruption in this or
other dictatorial actions. Those in
power in Germany are garnering
the gold for themselves-or else we
are witnessing the activities of
angels whose purposes we, as hu-
man beings, are unable yet to un-
derstand l do not believe they are
angels The purge" of German
Jews, therefore, must be accepted
as the exposition of mad power.
Some weeks ago, l had occasion
in these columns to talk about the
so-called peace of Munich" l said
then that Hitler was not through;
that there would be further eXhibi-
tions as he and his henchmen
maneuvered this way and that in
order to maintain the iron grip of a
dictator. The drive on the Jews is
a part of that general scheme, a
movement to maintain support for
the dictatorship, for, it is known,
should Hitler's grasp be broken at
any place or at any time, there
would be a bloody revolt in Ger
many again.
Those causes, however, do not
help us in the solution of the Jewish
problem. The unwanted race is SIM
ply the victim and a knowledge Of
how its members have had the suffer
ings brought upon them adds little or
nothing to the search for a method
to protect their lives. Where are
they to go? That is the real ques-
ton. Hitler doesn't care where they
go or what happens to them. Some
one else has to lead the way. Our
nation has joined in that leadership,
and rightly so. But we have policies
and principles and traditions which
must be respected. If, in our eager
ness to help the German Jews, we
should transgress those established
principles, then we, as well as the
Jews, will have to pay a penalty.
The Coolidge examiner., 1938-12-01

WASHINGTON. - Press service
wires and cables and radio from
abroad have been clogged for sew
eral weeks with hundreds Of thou
sands of words about the plight of
the Jews in Germany; about the
abuses visited upon the Jewish race
by the European madman, Hitler,
and his camp followers; about the
humanitarian pleas of our own Pres
ident, Mr.. Roosevelt, for appease-
ment of the conditions. There has
been what l believe to be one of the
greatest waves of emotion, waves OF
resentful national sentiment, that
this country ever has known. l re-
call none like it, none as overWhelm-
ing, none as deep-seated as that
through which we have been pass
ing, and in my opinion our nation
should have resented such outrages.
While no one with heart can fail
to grieve to a greater or less extent
about the indescribable harshness,
the unforgivable meanness of Hitler,
it occurs to me that we should begin
to temper these waves of emotion
somewhat. There are other factors
to be considered, factors and conse-
quences of the thing that is now
called "the Jewish problem" that
require calm reasoning. In other
words, let us say that America is
and must remain for Americans,
and charity, while it is sweet, can
not be exploited, or carried to ex-
tremes simply because we feel a
sadness for a group upon whom an
injustice has been sent. Like mil
lions of other Americans, l am hope
full that some way will be found to
aid the Jews who are being driven
out of Germany, but l am unwilling
that we, as a nation, shall create
additional and unwarranted difficult
ties for ourselves by extending
helping hand. Therefore, the United
States must not be the goat.
1t is one thing to render aid. 1t is
quite another thing to inject into our
own bloodstream of national life ad-
ditional elements without knowing
what those elements are. After all.
the damage is something that we
did not cause; the injured are peo-
pie who have no knowledge of our
way Of doing things and may never
cooperate with US, and we must
prevent being dragged into the 9TH
er fellows fist fight.
The Coolidge examiner., 1938-12-01
Never give your children unknown
"Bargain" remedies to take un-
less you ask your doctor.

A mother may save few pennies
giving her children unknown prep
arations. But child's life is pre-
cious beyond pennies. So-ASk your
doctor before you give any remedy
you don't know all about.
And when giving the common
children's remedy, milk of mag
nesia, always ask for Phillips"
Milk of Magnesia.
Because for three generations
Phillips has been favored by many
physicians as a standard, reliable
and proved preparation = marvel
ously gentle for youngsters.
Many children like Phillips in
the newer form - tiny peppermint
favored tablets that chew like
candy. Each tablet contains the
equivalent of one teaspoonful of the
liquid Phillips 25f for big box.
A bottle of Phillips liquid Milk
of Magnesia costs but 25f. So-dny-
one can afford the genuine. Careful
mothers ask for it by its full name
phillips Milk of MagneSia. " -
PHILLIPS MILK OF MAGNESlA
KIN LIQUID OR TABLET FORM
The Coolidge examiner., 1938-12-01
Var

Any attempt to apply to the cOndi-
tiOns OF today and TOMORROW the indp-
plicable ideas and principles OF the past
neither wOuld contribute to establish.
ment OF real peace in east Asid nor
solUe the immediate issues"
With the above statement, Japan
has rejected a United States protest
claiming invasion Of American
rights in China. The answer denies
every charge made by the United
States concerning japanese viola
ton of the "open door" to China
and asks Washington to take into
consideration the new situation in
east Asia"
Although Japan courts maintain
that a contract is invalidated by
changing circumstances, the United
States cannot agree that a strictly
japanese legal tenet should be ap-
piled to international law. The an
swer makes no mention of the 1922
nine power pact guaranteeing
China's territorial integrity, but un-
der Japan's new changing condi-
tons" philosophy it would seem that
all previous international commit
ments have been thrown overheard.
Consequently there appears to be no
American recourse other than to
accept Japan's domination of China.
While this battle of diplomacy
RACES, courageous China is making
desperate last-ditch stand west
of Hankow. Current Jap operations
are directed at cutting Chinese sup
ply connections with Siberia and
Indo-China, a campaign which re-
lies chiefly on bombing. Yangtze
river traffic between Shanghai and
Marking has been closed to foreign
ers under the guise of protection
against Chinese guerrilla warfare.
Actually, observers believe, the
Japs want to keep Yangtze traffic
exclusively for themselves.
The Coolidge examiner., 1938-12-01

duty payments have been slashed.
The state department expects U.
S. agriculture will derive important
benefits from the United Kingdom
treaty, which grants concessions on
many farm products. All duties on
American wheat are removed, while
on other items the duty is substan-
TALLY reduced But the new treaty
with Canada fails to remedy many
objections which featured the pre-
vious agreement with that dominion,
since important concessions are still
granted on livestock, cheese, eggs
and many grains.
The Coolidge examiner., 1938-12-01
'JeUish Problem for United
States Might Be Result

The whole situation is one which
may contain "a Jewish problem"
for the United States. 1t is one out
of which political issue may grow.
1t is to be remembered that religion
became an issue in a presidential
election not so many years ago.
That shows that such things can
sprout even in the United States.
If it happened in the case of the
Catholic religion, it can happen in
The Coolidge examiner., 1938-12-01
NERVOUS?

Do you feel so nervous you want to screanI
Are you cross and irritable? Do you scold
those dearest to you?
If your nerves are on edge and you feel
you need a good general system tonic, try
Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound,
made especially for wonlen.
For over 60 years one woman has told an
other how to go Smiling thru with reliable
Pinkham's Compound. 1t helps nature build
up more physical resistance and thus helps
calm quivering nerves and lessen discomforts
from annoying symptoms which often ac-
company female functional disorders.
Why not give it chance to help YOU?
Over one million women have written in
reporting wonderful benefits from Pinkham's
Compound.
The Coolidge examiner., 1938-12-01

sions to expedite the procedure" in
these cases.
The second bills purpose, Mr..
Wheeler points out, is to permit re-
organization without "strait-jack-
eting' the railroad and depriving
existing bondholders of their just
share in company earnings. This
will probably win popular favor, but
railroad executives are not likely to
look upon new government loans as
a cure for their ailment. At best,
borrowing will only provide tenn
porary cure, piling up additional
obligations without attempting to
solve basic transportation problems.
The Coolidge examiner., 1938-12-01

NEW YORK.-In Europe, few
IN years ago, this writer met a
friend who had just interviewed
Gen. Ismet Inonu, who is today Tur-
keys new dicta-
Dictator Inonu tor, succeeding
An Iron Man, Kemal Ataturk,
Yet a Diplomat VINO dieq recent
smartest hombre I ever met" said
my friend. He talked to me for
two hours, frank and honest, look
ing me right in the eye and never
holding out on anything. He was
charming and brilliant and he didn't
ask me not to print anything. l
thought l had a great story. But,
when / started to write it, there
was just nothing there. l saw him
several times after that, and real
lied that he was master in heart
to-heart talk which left no commit
ments whatsoever. saw cagey dip
lomats kissed off just as had been.
The man is a marvel of brains and
ingenuity
The small, fragile, deaf, ingratiat-
ing General Inonu is the hero of
the Turkish army, premier until a
year ago, when he was mysteriously
benched by Kemal Ataturk. There
were rumors that he was engaged
in international negotiations of such
subtlety that he found it necessary
to keep out of office and off-stage.
1t was in 1920 that young
Colonel Ismet joined Mustafa
Kemal in Anatolia. BY 1922, he
had driven the Greeks out of
AnatOlia and Smyrna and in
this period and thereafter he
was Kemal Ataturk's chief mill
tary aide. He added to his lau-
rels, when, at the 1923 Lausanne
conference, he ran rings around
British and Italian diplomats
and won for Turkey virtually
its demands.
He was one of few men who re-
tanned the confidence of Ataturk to
the end. He was a firm and exact
ing and, at times, ruthless ruler of
the army. and is said to lack none Of
the traditional specifications Of the
iron man.
1t is apparent that Ismet Inonu is
intent on keeping Turkey diplomat
ically liquid, that he fully realizes
the bargaining power of Turkeys S
hegemony over the Moslem bloc,
and that he probably will use this
and other strategic assets in max
ing some shrewd bargains.
The Coolidge examiner., 1938-12-01
PHILLIPS MILK OF MAGNESlA
KIN LIQUID OR TABLET FORM
Two Necessities

The highest effect of eloquence
requires an loquent speaker and
an eloquent hearer.-Shedd.
The Coolidge examiner., 1938-12-01
Trend
HOtU the Wind Is BIOlUing


WORLD WORRIES-The U. S.
public health service predicts one
out of every 20 babies born this
year will be committed to a men,
tai hospital at some time during
its life, after surveying the in
creasing population of such insti-
tutions.
1898 MODEL TURKEY-U. S. ex-
perimental farms have developed
new small size turkey with
shorter legs, a broader back and
plumper body to meet require
ments of small families.
TROUBLE ON WHEELS-Since
U. S. automobile traffic will be
doubled by 1860, officials predict
the nation must build 1000 miles
of multiple-lane highways a year
during the next % years.
DOPE UPSET-In 1888, only two
of every 10000 Americans use
narcotics, compared with one out
of every ], 1000 in 1924.
The Coolidge examiner., 1938-12-01

EUROPES FATE LIE IN RUTHENIA? (SEE FOREIGN)
Ruthena, uhich Hungary
Poland the balance S Czech aboUe
ohich land ceded Hngay The deal bring
Germany blocking the Rchs outheastOard
The Coolidge examiner., 1938-12-01
Laughing at
Despair Gets
'Donat Fame

he met hard luck and was all but
desperate, as something always
went wrong. One day, in what he
was sure would be his last try, the
director told him to register despair
The irony of his merely initiating
despair sent him into demoniac
laughter. Alexander Korda, in an
other room, heard him.
"Sign that man up, whoever
he is" said Korda. That's a
great performance" He had
what it took, and they routed
him right through to fame and
riches. He won by challenging
q homily-"Do not despair"
g Consolidated News Features.
WNU Service.
The Coolidge examiner., 1938-12-01

TALL, austere Sumner Welles,
l. deft precisionist in career diplo-
macy. is merely undersecretary of
state, but off-stage he's the key-man
The Coolidge examiner., 1938-12-01
&4;4!44!'3|;3 I
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