davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Waterbury Democrat., 1938-05-06

The new Apex, among other things, keeps foods better. keeps them longer, eliminates covered dishes. reduces de iroAllng, and greatly increns- cs Strikes n new note In beauty and convenience. too
The Waterbury Democrat., 1938-05-06

Beautiful deep, luxurious diyan, big lounge chair, lamps. and all the occasional pieces lo make up a marYclOuaIy complete living room. Every piece is lIadlcy Qunlity-Tcalcd.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1938-05-06

Your old furniture is worth real money to you right now
 we'll give you an extra liberal trade-in allowance for it on the purchase of smart new Quality Tested furni- turc!
The Waterbury Democrat., 1938-12-17
WILLARD

JACK MlLLEc6'S Waterbury Motor Service 4OO West Main St. Tel. 3-4I07
Evening star., 1938-02-20
FOREIGN EXCHANGES
TURN DOWNWARD
Sharp Rise Of European Currencies
Against Dollar Followed by
Quick Slump.
Ne ~. Assorfstsd pr...

By the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, Feb. 19.-Ieadinr
European currencies, swelled along by
imitation talk and rumors of further
devaluation Of the dollar, advanced
sharply during the week to new highs
for 1s38-but it didn't last.
On Wednesday sterling reached
sos 9-16, In terms of the dollar. The
Netherlands guilder at 56.l5 cents and
Belgian belgas at 1.03 were likewise
at new highs for this year.
These advances represented an ac-
celerAtion Of the flight of foreign bal
ances held in this country. On Thurs
day the advances were halted by profit
taking and conversion Of profits into
gold. with the result that the demand
for bullion In London was the heaviest
for some time.
On President Roosevelt's discussion
Of price levels Friday, and his remark
that no further devaluation of the
dollar was being considered, sterling,
Swiss and French francs, guilders and
be!gas Immediately tended lower in
terms Of the dollar.
The demand for gold In London was
rejected also In the absence of any
gold engagements abroad for shipment
to New York. It was the third con.
secuttvs week without any engage.
menAa.
Evening star., 1938-02-20
TRADE RECESSION
SLOWS IN JANUARY
Further Ground Lost, but Rate
Slackens, According to
Annalist Writer.
Special Dispatch to The Star.


NEW YORK, Feb. 19.-Economit
activity in the United States LOST
further ground in January, bu,
the rate of recession slackened sharp
ly. according to the monthly review OF
domestic business conditions by H. E.
Hansen in the current issue of the
Annalist.
Industrial production was only
slightly lower than in D cemb-r. Fac
tory employment and pay rolls showed
more substantial declines. but the
factory worker was aided by a further
cut in the cost of living.
The dollar volume of retail trade
declined moderately, partly because
of decrease in retail prices. De-
partment store sales. however, ad-
vanced. The construction industry
again made a favorable showing,
awards declining by less than the
usual seasonal amount.
The character of the present decline
in retail trade is much the same a
that for previous business recessions.
Heavy goods and luxury items are the
hardest hit. Demand for these and
other products which are largely pur-
chased on installment plans are very
sensitive to changes in consumer in
come. Sales of necessities, of course
are always fairly stable, although de.
mand shifts to goods of lower unit
price.
Evening star., 1938-02-20
BRITISH WORRIED
BYGERMANM0VES
London Markets Depressed.
Hitler Statement Awaited
AnxiousIy.
BY LEONARD J. REID.
av Wireless tn The Star

BY wireless to The Star
LONDON, Feb. ia dismal week
in the London markets ends with a
slightly better tone, but with external
factors in complete control The finan-
cial district, overshadowed by Austro-
German events, and with the markets
interpreting the weeks developments
as seriously complicating the Euro
pean situation, is now anxiously await
ing Chancellor Hitlers Sunday state
ment to the Reichstag.
Although there was no really heavy
selling in the securities market. the
respondent tone caused steady sag
ging of prices throughout the list, in
cluding gilt-edged issues, whose recent
residence is now exhausted and which
were unable to resist the profit taking
which developed in midweek.
While Wednesdays issue of f2,000,-
900 johannesburg 31as. priced at 991s,
was oversubscribed, the scrip is now
quoted at an appreciable discount, as
also are other recent issues.
The absence Of buyers in all other
sections, coupled with the reluctance
Of dealers to add to their books, caused
a marked downward tendency in
quotations, which was only checked
toward the end of the week by bear
covering following Thursdays rally in
Wall Street.
The decline was slightly less pro-
nounced in gold mining shares, the
market presumably arguing that Sec
retary Of the Treasury Morgenthau's
statement practically precludes the
possibly Of a fall in the price OF gold.
The commodity markets here are
inclined to respond to Secretary Nor
genthau's announcement and Presi-
dent Roosevelt's declaration that COM
modify prices are too low, and London
is cautiously raising prices.
(Copyrisht. 1888. By the North Amerisan
Newspaper Alliance. Inc.)
Evening star., 1938-02-20
VALSPAR HOLDERS VOTE
DECENTRALIZATION PLAN

sIecial Dispatch to The Star.
NEW YORK, Feb. 19.-Stockholders
of the valspar Corp, at a special
meeting held yesterday at Wilmington,
Del, approved q recapitalization plan
providing for the funding Of fixed
bank indebtedness and also for the
discharge Of accumulated dividends on
the present preferred stock through
exchange for new preferred and addi-
tional common shares.
More than . majority in number
Of the holders of preferred and com
mon shares, representing over three.
fourths of the outstanding preferred
and common stock, voted in favor af
the plan. I'd
Upon consummation Of the plan.
the ,Valspar Corp. will have outstandn.
ing $2.40l,1S4 Of unsecured ~ per,
cent notes, due November 80, 1871:
30.444 shares of 81 cumulative con-
.yertible preferred stock, IS par value,
and 3S5. .342 shares Of common stock,
81 par value.
Evening star., 1938-02-20
ACTIVITY REEVES
At COTTON MILLS
January Rate at 93.5 Per
Cent, Against 90 Per
Cent in December,
BY the Associated Press.


The Census Bureau reported yes.
terday the cotton spinning industry
operated during January at 93.5 pei
cent of capacity, on a single shift
basis, compared with 90 per cent ir
December and 1869 per cent In Janu-
ary last year.
Spinning spindles in place January
81 totaled 26, 500, of which % 1927.
444 were active at some time during
the month. compared with 26,704, ,47e
and 22.328,472 for December and 27,-
288,050 and 24,364,S02 for January
last year.
Active spindle hours for January
totaled 5.682.452. .696. or an average OF
214 hours per spindle in place, com.
pared with s,726,O20.185 and 2l4 fol
December, and 1856, ,958,938 and 31s
for January last year.
Spinning spindfes in place in cotton
growing States January 3lsnumbered
1882 .744, of which l6,897,958 were
activeat some time during the month
compared with l8,798,330 and 1920
348 for December. and 1890, 100 and
l7,662,922 for January last year.
Active spindle hours for January
IN c2tton-growing States totaled L.
554,72O, 1913, OF an average of 242 hours
per spindle in place, compared with
4,646.5O7 1892 and 247 for December
and 6,568,244.608 and 346 for Janu-
ary last year.
Evening star., 1938-02-20
UTILITY PREFERRED DOWN.
tResistered United states Patent once !,

NEW YORK, Feb. 10 Especially
Utility operating company preferred
stock prices declined during the last
two weeks, according 10 Distributors
Evening star., 1938-02-20
COCOA FUTURES,

lures closed 1920 higher. Sales, 4.l27
tons. March 8.14n: Nav. CTS July,
6.1Sn; September, 6.21. n Nominal
Evening star., 1938-02-20
INVESTMENT COMPANY
STOCK AVERAGES GAIN
Special Dispatch to The Star.

Special Dispatch to The Star.
NEW YORK, Feb. 19.-Investment
companies common, stock prices rose
slightly last week, according to the
averages compiled by Distributors
Group, Inc.
The average for the common stocks
for 10 leading management companies
influenced by the leverage factor stood
at l0.40 at the close OF February IL,
compared with 1920 on February II.
The average Of i've mutual type In
vestment funds closed at 1911 on Feb
ruary 70. compared with 1880 On Feb-
T1azy II.
Evening star., 1938-02-20
BOND EXTENSION SOUGHT.

The Carlton & Coast Railroad
Co. Of Oregon applied to the Interstate
Commerce Commission yesterday for
permission to extend to May /, 194l.
the maturity date Of $468.377 first
mortgage per cent bonds. Tho
bonds are held q collateral by the
Reconstruction Finance Corp.
Evening star., 1938-02-20
q. s. FILMS IN LEAD.

An important exporter Of American
merchandise Is Hollywood. Seventy
Per cent Of the films shown in 72.097
theaters in 90 foreign countries last
year were American made. according
70 the Department Of oommerce.
Evening star., 1938-02-20
ESTATE TAXES RISING.

NEW YORK, Feb. 10 Especially "A
$5,000,000 estate In 1881 would have
been taxed $490,140, but seven years
later. in 1888, the tax would be $2,-
0O0,l00. according to the Guaranty
Trust Co. of New York.
Evening star., 1938-02-20
Weekly Financial High Lights

Group, Inc, index Of 80 stocks. The
index closed on February 10 at 6s.7S
compared with e7.37 on February 1.
The high for 1897 was s0.7S, the low,
0o.oo.
Evening star., 1938-02-20
Earnings
BY the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
NEW YORK. Feb. 19.-Corporate
earnings reports issued during the
week showing profits per common
share included:
December ~ Dun rteP
The Daily Alaska empire., 1938-02-19
GRAND OFFICERS OF BROTHERHOOD ID VISIT CAMPS
ANB Itinerary Calls for Delegation to Leave Ju-
 neau on March 22

Grand Officers of the Alaska Ma tive Brotherhood will pay a visit to the various camps of Southeast AL aska during March and April it is announced. Those making the trip will be Cyril zubSff, President; Da- vld Howard, Grand Vice. President Don Miller, Treasurer; Ralph Young, Executive Committeeman; Frank Johnson, Prank Booth, AL bert White, attorney; Mrs. Bessie Miller, President of the Sisterhood Mrs. Anna zuboff, Secretary, and Mrs. Mabel Willard, President
 The tentative itinerary announced by the officers follows:
 March 22, leave Juneau; March 23, Haines; March 24, Klukwan; March 9, skagway; March %, 27 Hocnah; March 2s, Tenakee; March 29, Angoon; March %, Kill1snoo; March 30, Sitka.
 April l. 2. Sitka: April 3, Rake. April {, Klawock: April 5, Craig, April 6 ', Hydaburg; April 8, T Ketchikan, April 10, Saxman. April II, Metkatla; April l2, Kasaan; April l3 H. Wrangell; April IS, l6
The Daily Alaska empire., 1938-02-19
MOOSE NOMINATING
 COMMITTEE NAMED;.
 MEETING IS HELD

Ten members were named on the nominating committee for the Loyal Order of Moose at the meeting of the organization last night in the I.O.O.F. Hall.
 J. Giovanetti, w Bergstrand, R. Reischl, c. H. MacSpadden, Ed Ro- denberg, E. Eskeson, J. Carlson, w. Seston, R. Sullivan, and Val Poor were appointed. The nominating committee will meet on March 4.
 Al Raynor was a visiting member at last nights gathering, discussing the care and education of children at Mooseheart, and the farms and buildings surrounding the institu- tion.
 Refreshments were served fol- lowing the meeting
The Daily Alaska empire., 1938-02-19
Flowers to Play Al Brunswick in
 Spring Tourney
Schedule Is Announced for Women S Bowling
 Matches

Eight women bowling teams are lined up for Spring Flower Tour nament at the Brunswick alleys, play to begin Feb. 21, next Mon day
 Teams and schedule are as fol- lows:
 ORCHIDS Emily Schmitz, Mrs. Duncan, Mabel Battello, Buddy. CAMELLIASL-Mary Rhodes, Mrs. Light, Mildred McKinnon VIOLETS-Kay Hahn, Etta Bring dale, Clara Carpenter, Mildred
 Apland ASTERS-Mary Reynolds, Florence
 Holmquist, Merle Milhan. TULIPS-Bess Lavenik, Ruby El-
 stad, Tillie Hoffman GARDENIAS = Dolly Kaufman
 Margaret Burke, Ruby Fitzpat-
 rick.
 MORNING GLORIES-F Faye Weber
 Pearl Geeds, Dorothy Green. FORGET -ME-NOTS - Hazel Pet
 rich, Edith Kyler, Ethel Ander-
 son.
 Schedule
 Feb. 21, 7:30 D. m-Camellias vs Violets; 8:30 D. m.--Asters vs. Tu- lips
 Feb. B, 7:3o p. m.-Orchids vs Morning Glories; 2:30 D. m,-Gar- denias vs. Forget-Me-Nots.
 Feb. 28-7:3o p. m-Tulips vs Gardenias; 8:3O p. m, Asters vs Violets.
 March 2, 730 D m, Camellias vs Morning Glories; 8:30 D. m.-Tulips vs. Forget Me -Nots.
 March T, 7:30 D. m-Orchids vs Asters; 8:3o D. m., Violets vs. Gar denias,
 March 9, 7:30 p. m.-Violets vs Morning Glories; 8:30 p. m.-Camel lias vs. Forget Mel -Nots.
 March IA, 7:3O p. Camelias vs Tulips; 8:3O D. m., Orchids vs. For get-M -Me-Nots.
 March 16, 7:30 D. m.,-Asters vs Morning Glories; 8:3O D. m.,-Vio- lets vs. Tulips.
 March 21, 73O D. m. = Morning Glories vs. Forget Me -Nots; 8::30 D m.--Camellias vs. Gardenias.
 March g 7.30 D. m.-Tulips ys Morning Glories; 3:30 p. m, Asters vs. Forget Me-Nots
 March 28, 7:30 D. m-Orchids vs Gardenias; 8:30 p. m--Violets ys Forget -Me-Nots.
 March 30, 7;30 D. m.-Gardenias vs. Morning Glories; 8:30 D. m.- Asters vs. Gardenias.
 March 31, 7:30 D. m.-Orchids vs. Tulips; 8:30 p. m, Camellias vs. As- ters.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1938-02-19
FIREMEN WIN
 TWO OF THREE
 AT ELKS' CLUB

The Bremen won two cut of three games from the Engineers on the Elks alleys last night, copping total pin honors. Oddly enough, the two games they won, were won by tallies of 509 each time.
 The Conductors took the measure of the Brakemen in the second ElkS contest of the evening with Boggan doing all the rolling for the Con- ductors, winning but one game of the three, however.
 SWitchmen beat Photographers two out of three and total pins. Ken Ky lers 556 was high total of the eve ming.
 Tonight's games are Lackawanna and Pennsylvania and Reading and Baltimore and Ohio.
 Scores last night were as follows
The Daily Alaska empire., 1938-02-19
YOUR INCOME:
 TAX
DEDUCTION
 FOR CONTRIBUTIONS

Chari table contributions and gifts made by an individual are de- ducible within Limitations provided by the revenue act.
 The organization to which the gift IS made must meet several tests The corporation, trust, community chest fund, or foundation must be operated exclusively fer religious charitable, scientific, literary, or educational purposes, or for the prevention of cruelty to children O. animals; and if substantial part of it's activities is carrying on pre- paganda or otherwise attempting to influence legislation, it fails to pass the tests.
 No part of the organizations in- come may inure to the benefit of any private stockholder or indi- vidual.
 Contributions made to mission ary fund, church building fund. and for the benefit of other activities of the church are deductible. Pew rents, assessments, and dues paid to churches are regarded as contri- buttons. Gifts to a corporation or association organized or devoted tO the advancement of learning are deductible.
 Gifts to an individual are not de- ductible, but if made to a charitable organization, as defined by the reve- nue act, may be deducted even though the organization distributes funds among the individual bene- ficiarieS
 Contributions made to the United States, any State or Territory or po- lltical subdivision thereof, such as a city or town, or the District of Co., lumbla, for exclusively public pur- poses, are deductible; for example, gift of real estate to a city to be used perpetually as a public park is deductible.
 Also allowable are contributions to the special fund for vocational rehabilitation, to posts or organiza- v tons of war veterans and their auxiliaries in the United States, and to lodges, if used for religious. sci entfic, educational, literary, O. charitable purposes.
 In general, the deduction is limit cd to Is percent of the net income. exclusive of the contributions.
 Corporate contributions are de- ductible when made to or for the use of a domestic corporation. do- mestic trust, or domestic community chest. fund, or foundation which meets the same tests as those made for recipients of individual contri- buttons or gifts to a trust, chest. fund, or foundation, only if the contributions or gifts are to be used within the United States. Deduction of corporate contributions is limit ed to 5 percent of the net income, exclusive of the contributions.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1938-02-19
CARD PARTY TO BE GIVEN WEDNESDAY
 BY TRINITY GUILD

With Mrs. William Jarman pre- siding as President, and Mrs. Sam- uel Feldon in charge as hostess, the regular meeting of the Trinity Guild was held yesterday afternoon.
 Plans were made for public pi- nochle and bridge card party to be held next Wednesday evening, be- ginning at o'clock in the Parish Hall. Mrs. E. M Policy and Mrs. John Jones are in charge of the card committee, and on the kitchen committee are Mrs. c. E. Rice. Mrs. J w. Hickey and Mrs. Frank Boyle.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1938-02-19
SKI TOURNAMENT TOMORROW

the Treadwell ditch, three-quarters of a mile from the finish.
 With the trail expected to be in excellent condition, speeds of forty miles per hour will be made over the lower part of the trail. Deputy Marshals will police the trail in an effort to prevent injuries among spectators and racers.
 The following officials have been appointed: Burr Johnson, Mems Race starter; Peter Hautala, start CT of other races; J. Irvine Noble, course setter; Norman Banfield, tin.ekeeper; Henry Harmon, record CT; Gene Rhode and Warren Ev- land, gatekeepers; Bud Foster, an- nouncer; Jim MattoX, judge.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1938-02-19
PRESBYTERIAN SKI SERVICES
 WILL BE HELD

Special worship services are sched- uled for a. m tomorrow at the Northern Light Presbyterian church in order to accommodate the large number of Juneau residents who are to be participants or spectators in the Juneau Ski Club tournament tomorrow.
 Those attending the services are expected to come dressed TOT ski ing and will leave ski equipment in the church parlors during the ser vice.
 The worship is to be a regular service and not Sunday School session, although children who are present will be given credit for Sunday School attendance.
 Scheduled to last 45 minutes, the service does not replace the regular II o'clock worship or Sunday school, the Rev. John A. Classe announc- es.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1938-02-19
IS0L ATI0N IS
 DEAD POLICY,
 ). (. [. IS TOLD
National Defense Is Topic of Speaker at Week.
 ly Luncheon

"The world knows our policy of isolation is dead" declared Milton Lagergren, city engineer, who was the guest speaker at the Friday luncheon of the Junior Chamber of Commerce held in the high school.
 There are four schools of thought on national defense" continued the speaker, the ardent militarist, the militant pacifist, the mild pacifist, and the extreme pacifist.
 The ardent militarists are those who would fight at the least pretext, and consist of persons who fight for adventure, for the glory of war, and for the lust to kill At the other extreme there is the extreme paci- fist who would not fight at any pro vocation. He is the Casper Milque- toast who prefers to turn the other cheek.
 The mild pacifists are those who believe that war should only be re- sorted to in the case of active in vasion of this country .. they be- lieve this country is impregnable.
 The reserve officers of the Unit ed States believe in peace with pre- paredness. We believe in strong national defense inferior to none We believe that by being an unsur- mountable threat to foreign nations we will command their respect :. We will thus be able to contribute to the cause of world peace and to the progress of civilization.
 New members to be initiated were Griffith Nordling, Harold Bloom- quist, Paul Dapcevich, and Jack Bulger.
 Fred Sorri won the prize for the best report on Spain and Jack New marker took the best-joke award. Rumania will be reported on at the next meeting.
 Plans for JC.C. Photo Club were announced by Griff Nordling, who was named chairman at the previous meeting. Bob Phillips and Fred Sorri will assist in the organization of the club.
 Perfect in Quiz
 Ned Zenger prepared the quiz of the week. Perfect scores were re- ceived by George Walmsley, Erling Osward, Malcolm Faulkner, Simpson MacKinnon, Harold Bloomquist, Joe Render, Cyril zuboff, John Tal- mage, Billy Osborne, Dick Clithero, and Walter Fukuyama
 It was also announced that a Washington-Lincoln Program will De presented by the club Monday afternoon in the grade school audi torium.
 By unanimous decision of all members present, it was decided that personal fingerprint records be made of each club member.
 Raymond Reaber reported that the map of the city of Juneau has been, completed and will be sent to the Western Engraving and Col ortype Company of Seattle on the next boat south.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1938-02-19
ADAMICK GETS
 DECISION IN
 THOMAS SCRAP
Youthful Detroiter Piles Up Big Lead to Beat
 Final Rally

NEW YORK, Feb. 19. - Jimmy Adamiok, youthful Detroit heavy weight, carried off the decision last night over 11arry Thomas of Eagle Bend, AIinn., but nearly came to grief in the tenth round.
 Adamick's Eig margin of points offset the veteran Thomas furious closing rally.
 Thomas weighed l88l2 pounds and Adamick 189 pounds.
 Adamick will probably get a chance at Joe Louis on April as the champion promised bout with the winner of the contest.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1938-02-19
SHRINE DANCE TO
 BE HELD TUESDAY

The annual Shrine dance will be an event of next week, when on Washington's birthday scores of Ju- neau and Douglas residents will ga- ther at the Scottish Rite Temple for the main affair of the Shrine dance series.
 Clarence Bands and his orches- tra will play for the occasion, and J. w. Leivers is chairman.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1938-02-19
bR0UILLARD TECHNICALLY
 KNOCKED OUT
Former Champion Is Best ed by Tiger Jack Fox
 of Spokane

BOSTON. Mass, Feb. 19.-Tiger Jack Fox, weighing 175, of Spo- kane, Wash, gained technical knockout last night over Lou Brou- illard, 167 pounder, of Worcester Massachusetts.
 The technical knockout came in the seventh of a scheduled ten rounder and was the first time that the former middleweight and well terweight champion had been knocked out-even technically.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1938-02-19
CABARET DANCE OF
 ELKS SET TONIGHT

Members of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks are en- tertaining tonight at cabaret dance to be given in the Elks ball room with Wesley Barrett and his orchestra playing.
 Herb Redman is chairman of the dance committee.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1938-02-19
Basketball Scores
 Coast Conference

The following are scores in bas- ketball games played last night in the Coast Conferenee
 Southern California 52; UCLA 33 Montana 46 Washington State 53 Idaho 34; Oregon State 32.
 California 39: Stanford Al.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1938-02-19
SEX SLAYER IS CARRIED
 TO GALLONS
Holdup Killer Also Pays Penalty in San
 Quentin

SAN QUENTIN PRISON, Cal. Feb. 19. - Roy Leon Lighthouse, sex slayer, and Lee Goodwin, hold up killer, were hanged simultan- eously early today.
 Lighthouse. killer of Elma Estep a nurse, collapsed and had to be carried to the galloWs.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1938-02-19

 FOUND SLAIN
Authorities Are Undecided Whether Murder or
 Murder-Suicide

WALLA WALLA, Wash, Feb. l9. -J. Harlan Vale, 26. Walla Walla farmer, and Tom Healy, hired man, both Pendleton roundup perform CTS, were found dead today from bullet wounds, in tfle kitchen of the Vale farmhouse.
 The authorities are undecided whether it is a case of murder or and suicide.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1938-02-19
EDWARD POOLES NAME CHILD BEVERLY JOAN

MT and Mrs Edward (Buster) Poole have chosen Beverly Joan as the name for their daughter, born On February l8 at St. Ann's Hos pital by the light of kerosene lamp
 The child arrived while the elec- tricity was off at 5:30 a. m. We'd nesday She is the second daugh- ter of MT. and Mrs. Poole.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1938-02-19
COLUMBIA
 ACE HANGS
 UP 629 TALLY

In the Commercial League games at the Brunswick last night, Car negie bowled over 629 pins to lead the lists and the Columbia ti.o to victory over Alaska Laundry
 Rainier won three straight from Stubbies, with the final tallies l424 to 1923.
 Games tonight are Arctic vs. Hei- delberg and Snow White and North Transfer; tomorrow, Alaska Laun- dry vs. Brunswick, and American Meat vS. Columbia