davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1938-02-26

Why is it that certain American citi-
zens are so favored that they have a
fortune in oil beneath their land?
This question finds answer in the old
homestead laws. Before 1919 a person
could file on $40 acres of agricultural
land or GAO acres of grazing land of
the unentered public domain and secure
title by living on the land for three
years and making certain improvements
thereon.
The hOmesteader who complied with
these requirements was given title to
the land, including all minerals, re-
ceiving "a patent signed by the presi-
dent of the United States. Such patent
is the basis of all titles in Montana.
The minerals were included in ali
hOmesteads until 1919 when the govern
ment withdrew the mineral rights and
anyone who now files a homestead gets
the surface rights only. The mineral
rights so withheld by the government
can be obtained under a lease but the
government retains the landowners share
of the oil which IL ordinarily 12k bar
rels out of every 100 produced and saved.
So it would appear that the early
settlers of Montana were favored" when
they were allowed to get the mineral
rights beneath their lands Bat there
is grave doubt whether they did not pay
high price for what they received.
With the exception of Cat Creek, where
the hOmesteaders had a pretty good idea
that they were getting oil land, there
are few hOmesteads where the original
owners had any idea that oil might be
present. The filing fee was, as we recall,
about $40 and many people thought that
figure the cost of a homestead. They
found the error once they tried to live for
three years on the average homestead.
The oil districts, oddly enough, are usually
i'm badland country. So the man who
lived for three years on such a tract had
to get money from outside sources,
rather than from the land, in order to
prove up"
1t was necessary to build a home on
the homestead Many of the early day
shacks were pretty bad However, they
were in regions where lumber had to
be hauled in great distances and where
other supplies were scarce and expen-
sive. The hOmestSader had to break at
least 40 acres of his ground and put il
into cultivation. This involved inve T.
ment in a team and pillow and other Farm
implements. He also had to fence his
ground With no material at hand, IL
was necessary to buy posts and wire.
Then it was necessary to get money to
buy necessities of life while living" ON
the homestead. This involved 81 900 a
year for a man with a family. Home
steaders used 10 borrow from all their
friends and relatives, in addition TO get
ting part time jobs, I'm order to survive.
At the end of the three years, when
patent was received, many "A hOmesteader
had to turn the property over to his
creditors.
The average person among us would
not go through the hardships and Prtva-
tiOns of the early-day hOmesteaders of
Montana. Few would be- willing to live
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1938-02-26

Little boy. why aren't you in
schoOl?"
Hell, lady. 1 amt four years
old yet"
why, what are you crying so
for, Sonny" asked Dad OF his
five-year-old heir.
Il heard you telling somebody
you were going to get a new baby,
and I suppose that means you are
going to trade me in on it," he
sobbed.
Old Lady-Isn't it wonderful
how these filling station people
know exactly where to set up a
pump and get gas!
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1938-02-26
NO GOVERNMENT AID

A bill to require observance of
the National Labor Relations Act
by those receiving the benefits of
Government contracts. loans or
grants has been offered by Senator
Robert F. Wagner, of New York, S.
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1938-02-26

1890. In his statement made on the
floor of the Senate when he intro
duced this bill, Senator Wagner
said. ut is contrary to all sound
principles for the Government it.
self to give effective aid to those
violating the law of the land"
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1938-12-29

protect not only his own territory
but also that of all the other Amer
icas; likewise, the American delega-
tons at Lima-that is, the delega-
tons from all the countries of the
ives tern hemisphere-had been
worked into state of what looked
like approaching hysteria because of
alleged attempts to spread nazism
and fascism on this side of the At
lantic. Those two ideologies are to
be resisted, as one result of the Lima
parleys.
Of course, many other happenings
characterized the year of 1888, but
here, at least, some of the high lights
have been emphasized, and in the
hope that nothing worse will happen
very soon than what has already
happened, your commentator silences
his typewriter for this year by wish
ing all the readers of the Askov
American very
HAPPY NEW YEAR
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1938-12-29
Pleasant Hill

Wishing one and all happy New
Year
Mr.. and Mrs. Paul Kvasnicka and
children and Frank Mach, ST., spent
Christmas eve at the Mary Kvasnicka
home.
Mr.. and Mrs. Erick lack and chill
dren spent Christmas day at the Hager
home.
Mrs. Kvasnicka and Carl and Frank
Mach, Sr., had dinner at the Paul
Kvasnicka home Christmas day.
Mr.. and Mrs. Fredoline Martinez
and sons spent Christmas day with
relatives near Askov.
Frank Mach, ST., called at the Emil
Olson home recently.
Mrs. Kvasnicka and Paul and Carl
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1938-12-29
INTERNATIONAL
NEWS REVIEW
CONTINUED from Page y


tinued but, one sensed, with less in
tensity than before; toward the end
of 1888 there were reports that the
rebel armies had started what their
leader, Francisco Franco, hoped to
make a decisive offensive against
the government troops. But, other
wise, the two armies were deadlocked
for many months, and generally
speaking, the picture of the war situa-
ton did not greatly change during
the twelvemonth, except that foreign
assistance appears to have been les
Sened to some extent as the result
of certain agreements according to
which some thousands of foreign VOL
unteers were to be withdrawn from
the Spanish scene of war.
Oriental Conflict.
At the same time the japanese
armies won victory after victory and
conquered city after city in China;
quite recently there has not been any
important military activity, and the
Japanese maintain that they are vic
torious to such an extent that they
feel powerful enough to try to exclude
from China all the influence hitherto
exerted by the western powers, while
the Chinese government optimistical-
ly declares it will never yield to the
invader but will continue to fight until
he has been driven out. 1t is gen.
orally thought that while the world S
sympathy is overwhelmingly on the
side of China, its faith in the coun-
try's ability to win the war is not
so strong
Russian Enigma.
Aside from the fact that clashes
took part between Japanese and Rus
sian soldiers in Manchukuo, the Sow
let republics have remained rather
tacit observers of the events of the
world, evidently waiting for an OPP
portunity to prove how mighty they
are-and how effectively they will
react if other nations step on the Rus
sian toes. There seems to be de-
termined intention on the part of
other powers to ignore the Soviets,
but in the long run that attitude can,
of course, not be sustained. Russia
is too powerful to be ignored, and one
during the year often has been amazed
at the naive thought of certain other
great powers that they can preserve
European peace without including the
Soviets in their agreements. 1t SIM
ply can't be done.
Pax Americans.
Peace in the American nations,
never seriously jeopardized, is thought
to have become even more secure
than before as the result of agree
ments reached at the Pan-American
conference at Lima, Peru. The United
States government appears to feel that
since Great Britain in connection with
the Czechoslovak crisis proved its in
ability or unwillingness co help other
nations, it is up to Uncle Sam to
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1938-12-29

Mr.. and Mrs. Edmund Rix were in
Tyler to spend Christmas at the home
of his parents.
Mr.. and Mrs. Ernest Madsen came
from Minneapolis for Christmas visit
at the H. r. Buck home. AS
Miss Valborg Flint left yesterday
for Minneapolis after spending Christ
mas at the home of her parents, Mr..
and Mrs. c. Flint.
Miss Alva Fogt, who teaches near
Pine City, is spending the Christmas
vacation at the home of her parents,
Mr.. and Mrs Emil j. Fogt.
Miss June Kilstofte, University stu
dent, Minneapolis, is spending the
Christmas vacation at the home of
her mother, Mrs. H. B. Kilstofte.
Miss Idamae Danielson, school fac
ulty member at Wright, is spending
the holiday vacation at the home of
her parents, Mr.. and Mrs A. G. Dam
ielson.
Waldo Carlson came from Ames,
Iowa, to join Mrs. Carlson in Christ
mas visit at the home of her parents,
Mr.. and Mrs. A. Gravesen. They plan
to return home today.
j. MariuS Petersen, who has been
employed at the Ferndale Nursery,
left Tuesday for Fergus Falls, where
he will go into partnership with Sid
ney Peterson in small nursery.
George Lindegaard, student at
Grand View college, Des Moines,
Iowa, came Saturday to spend the
holiday vacation at the home of his
parents, Mr.. and Mrs. Georg Linde-
gard.
Holger B. Kilstofte came from Port
age, Wis, to spend Christmas at home.
Howard Kilstofte came along from
Winona. They left again the first
of the week for Portage where How
ard will be bookkeeper ION the con-
Struction job there.
A number of parents attended the
Christmas programs at the school
Friday. The institution is now closed
for the Christmas holiday vacation
and the various nonresident instruc-
tors left during the weekend for
their respective homes.
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1938-12-29

Friday and Saturday, Dec. 3O-31
NEW YEARS EVE SPECIAL!
LAUGH, THRILL TO the cream
of the country's cowboy champs
in the greatest RODEO ever
filmed. Here's action, folks
Thrills and laughs with Warner
Brothers ace stars
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1938-12-29
,ere callers at the Chas. Kunz home

were callers at the Chas. Kunz home.
recently.
Some of the people from this vi
cinity attended the midnight Mass
in Kerrick Christmas eve.
Mr.. and Mrs. Livers and son spent
Christmas day at the George Kalafut
home.
Mr.. and Mrs. Jerry Sostak and sons
spent Christmas day with their par
ents near Willow River
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1938-12-29

A man should propose marriage
before offering ring. In fact, many
authorities regard it in bad taste to
propose and offer the ring at the
same time, since this suggests to the
woman that the man was probably
too confident.
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1938-12-29

WILL TRADE-Birds-eye maple ban
jo-mandolin for piano-board &C
Gordon or banjo.-Otto Behrman,
Finlayson. 25w16-1t*
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1938-12-29

John D. Rockefeller says that the
first money he ever earned was made
by raising turkeys when he was seven
years old.
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1938-12-29

Most sandwiches are held in the
fingers. In the case of a club sand
witch or a large chicken sandwich a
fork is used and a knife is also en-
ployed if necessary.
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1938-12-29
ASKOV
Special Conservation Club Meetin,

A special meeting of the Partridge
Conservation club has been set for
Tuesday night, January 3, at the
home of Albert Juhl south of town
Special business for the meeting will
be a discussion of the rifle range
and team. All members and others
interested in joining are urged to be
present.
During the past several days sew
eral men have installed range in
the basement of the D. B. S. hall.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1938-10-06
CABIN JOHN

Mr.. and Mrs. C. H. Godbold OF
Fourth Street have motored to the
West and California to visit with
their daughter Mrs. Alice Bonney-
vile of Los Angeles. They plan ia
be away about a month.
Mrs. Sara Scott of Fifth Street
has been appointed Chairman of the
Republican Committee for this pre-
cinct. Their first meeting was held
at the Cabin John Glen Echo
School on Thursday and was very
successful.
Mr.. and Mrs. F. G. Westcamp
were dinner guests Of Mr.. and Mrs.
Harvey Holcombe of Cedar Lane on
Sunday. il
Mr.. Kermit Mohn of -Four
Gables" visited with his parents over
the weekend at Myerstown, Penna.
Mrs. w. B. Patser, Mrs. Kendall
King and Mrs. Sara Scott of Fifth
Street are attending the Sewing.
School of the Home Demonstration
Club at Rockville for the next three
days.
Mrs. James Lowe gave an attrac-
tive stork shower for her sister-in-
law, Mrs. Thomas Guillot of Silver
Spring on Wednesday evening. Their
guests numbered about fifteen.
Mr.. and Mrs. j. Mahlon Selby Of
Second Street are receiving congrat-
ulations ON the arrival of son,
Thomas Mahlon, born on Tuesday.
Miss Sara Allen of Cedar Lane
spent the past few days with Mr..
and Mrs. Robert Long. of Washing
ton.
Miss Catherine Jenkins is now
making her home in Baltimore.
Mr.. John Lynch of PersimmorI
Tree Road motored to Buffalo I'd
spend the next week with his SISTED
and brother-in-law, Mr.. and Mrs.
Joseph Cartwright.
Mr.. and Mrs. Arthur Selby had
as dinner guests on Wednesday, Mr..
and Mrs. w. Robert Prodigy and
sons, John and Thomas, Of Bethesda.
Other guests during the week were
Mr.. and Mrs. Winfield LANCER OF
Washington and Mr.. and Mrs. Carl
Sullivan, Of Main Street.
Mr.. and Mrs. Leo Day of Conduit
Road and Sixth Street are receiving
congratulations on the birth of 9
daughter on Mondag.
| Mrs. David Ricketts, and Mrs. r
W. Waldron, who have been quite
i'll, are much improved.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1938-10-06
CEDAR GROVE

Mr.. and Mrs. Jessie Barkar, of
Bethesda, were the guests of Mr.. and
Mrs. Arnold Maine, on Sunday.
Mr.. and Mrs. William Bean and
family, Mr.. and Mrs. Wilson Duvall,
Mr.. and Mrs. Talmage Watkins, Mr..
and Mrs. Cecil Allnutt, of Cedar
Grove, and Miss Mary Johnson, of
Glenburnie Md, were the guests of
Mrs. Minnie Watkins on Sunday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Willard Shry, of
Poolesville, and Mr.. and Mrs. Walter
Kemp, of Baltimore, spent Sunday
with Mrs. Sally Purdum.
Miss Cara Nehause was the week.
end guest of her parents, Mr.. and
Mrs. Nehause.
Mr.. and Mrs. Talmage Watkins en-
tertained at a birthday dinner for
Mrs. Wilson Duvall at Mrs. Snyder's
Inn on Sunday.
Mrs. Leah Iglehart entertained on
Sunday, Mr.. and Mrs. Frank DuBoir
and daughter, June, of Silver Spring,
Mrs. Myra Walker and daughter,
Helen, of Washington.
Mrs. Charlie Barbar, who has been
sick, is improving.
Mrs. Gerald Arnold was the guest
of Mrs. Clifton Burroughs Monday.
Miss Emma Bowman had as her
guest Tuesday, her brother and his
wife, Mr.. and Mrs. Charlie Bowman
of Germantown.
The Cedar Grove Homemakers Club
will meet on Monday with Mrs. Ruth
Watkins, with Miss Velma Ray as
joint hostess.
Mr.. and Mrs. Talmage Watkins
were the dinner guests Thursday Of
Mr.. and Mrs. Wilson Duvall Of Wood
field.
The Social Club of Salem M. E
Church will meet Monday evening.
Mr.. and Mrs. Milton Stabler have
as their house guest, Mrs. Eta Tablel
and friend.
The Ladies Aid met on Wednesday
with Mrs. Jessie Nicholson, Mrs. Flor
ence Nicholson and Mrs. John Purdun
as joint hostesses. Over five dollar!
was taken in on the luncheons.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1938-10-06
IZAAK WALTON NOTES

expenses of holding over another
hundred at the game farm.
We know of several men who have
been successful this year in raising
both bob-white and pheasants.
The Rockville Chapter will be host
to- the Regional Council of the Izaak
Walton League for Maryland, Virgin
ia and the District of Columbia at its
fall meeting. The meeting will be
held all day Sunday, October 16, at
Violet's Lock. An attractive program
for the day is being worked out, and
all county Waltonites should plan to
attend.
Those interested in the out-of-daars
or concerned about the health of the
community, particularly of the chill
dren, continue to hope for clean
streams in the county.
The Twin Cities of Minnesota and
Saint Paul have recently put into OPP
Grafton the largest modern sewage
treatment plant in the world. The
total project will be financed, includ-
ing operation, maintenance, interest
and retirement of bonds, at a cost of
less than one-third of cent per per-
son per day. 80 per cent of the con-
struction cost was a P. w. A. grant.
Local towns and agencies can get
As per cent.
What type of project could possibly
be conceived that better answers the
demand for giving employment and
stimulating business generally while
at the same time a dangerous public
nuisance in and around the nations
capital?
Here's a date to remember:
Saturday, October 20
Mark it on your calendar now. This
is the date set by the Rockville Chap
ter for its annual trapshoot and oys-
ter roast. Everyone should plan to be
there. Details will be given later.
President Benn is anxious for all
members, and any others interested,
to be present at the Silver Spring
meeting on the 18th to help work out
the plans for the fall and winter pro-
gram.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1938-10-06
c. & O. CANAL

We cannot know how soon the Park
Service will actually begin work on
the C. & o. Canal. Residents of the
county should evidence an active in
terest in the nature of the develop
ment. We believe the Park Service
will make sincere effort to meet the
wishes of the majority. 1t would be a
mistake to assume that such develop
ment must be continuation of the
suburban park system. In 1872 Con-
gress, in establishing Yellowstone Ma
tional Park, made it the duty of the
secretary of Interior to provide "for
the preservation, from injury or
spoilation, of all timber, mineral de-
posits, natural curiosities or wonders
within said park, and their retention
in the natural conditions, thereby Sc
curing a corner of America in its
wild state for Americans.
Suburban development in Montgom-
cry county will continue. Will not a
time come when, tired of streets
and cars, of hustle and people, yes,
and even of formal picnic grounds
with their stone fire places, swings,
and like comforts of Rock Creek
Park, we will appreciate strip along
the river preserved for us in as nearly
natural state as possible.
May we not come in time more and
more to look for recreation away
from the crowd; and feel that bad
road is blessing?
What is it worth to know that the
Wood Duck nests in the cover along
the river bank? Do you enjoy look
ing for rare ferns, or wild flowers in
natures setting?
We hope that the Park Service will
consider this angle. Primitive areas
are easily destroyed. Their worth for
study, relaxation, and the wilderness
type of recreation may be more than
for motoring and picnicking. Any
such areas near growing centers of
population should be carefully pre-
served.
The Rockville Chapter of the Izaak
Walton League has authorized COM
mittee to wait upon Mr.. c. Marshall
Finnan, superintendent of the ma
tional Capitol Parks and to seek his
cooperation in this respect. We would
be glad to cooperate with other or
CARNATIONS that are interested.
Give our children love of the out
doors, our woods, streams and wild
life, and an opportunity to enjoy it,
and we need not worry over how they
spend their leisure time.
The Junior Chapter at Montgomery
Blair High School is planning to CO.
operate with the student council in
program for improving the school
grounds. They would be glad to re-
ceive gifts of shrubs and bushes for
fall planting.
The Izaak Walton League of
America is carrying on the fight for
conservation throughout the nation,
and is attracting enthusiastic support
to it's efforts to preserve r woods,
waters and wild life. The chapters in
Montgomery county are pledged to
this service, and invite all who love
the outdoors to share It with them.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1938-10-06
Coming MEETINGS.

OOMAIS NASCtAuSS
Oct. Injecting of the Washington
Chapter at the Raleigh Hotel.
Oct. 10 - Meeting of the Bethesda
Chevy Chase Chapter at National
Capital Field Trials Club House.
Oct. 26-Meeting of the Silver Spring
Chapter at the Liquor Dispensary
Building.
Oct. 16 - Meeting of the Regional
Council at the Rockville Chapters
House at Violet's Lock.
While politics has occupied the
stage, and this column has waited for
the Juror to die down a little before
continuing, activities of the League
in the county have entered the fall
rush period.
Not least in the program is the
Junior Chapter movement. Last year
approximately three hundred junior
members carried on organized con-
servation study and work. This year
there should be nearer five hundred
The chapters of the League will be
glad to help any school in the county
high or elementary, in organizing and
carrying out its conservation club
program.
Those interested in propagation Of
game will find it worth while to visit
the State Game Farm just north OF
Gaithersburg on Seneca Greek. Mrs
King, the manager, has had a very
successful year with ducks, pleas
ants and bob-whites.
The Conservation Department ha:
released, through the League, more
than 200 mallards- along the river this
year. A number of quail and pleas
ants have also been liberated in scat
tered areas throughout the country.
The Department, due to lack Of
funds, is unable to carry bob-white
over the winter. Those liberated this
fall, however, have comparatively
little chance of surviving.
The country chapters of the League
are making plans to carry over a.
many as possible for spring liberia
ton. We understand that the Silvel
Spring Chapter plans to hold 10(
birds over the winter. At its las
meeting the Rockville chapter appro
priated one hundred dollars to defra!
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1938-10-06
Black Woodpecker Strong

The great black woodpecker has
been seen to cut through two inches
of frozen hemlock. It commonly
will cut two grooves in tree trunk
and pry out the intervening section.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1938-10-06
Language and Deeds

II admire good vocabulary"
said Hi Ho, the sage Of Chinatown,
but ] mourn a tendency to make
beautiful language take the place of
simple and honorable deeds"
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1938-10-06

Swimming Helps Cure Ills
Swimming, which develops near
ly all muscles, has helped cure va
ried ills.