davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1938-08-03
manned at the governmental palaces,
taking no official notice of his arrival.
Ready tn Rerin RnIe

manned at the governmental palaces,
taking no official notice of his arrival.
Ready to Begin Role.
He went Immediately to the British
missions rooms at the Alcron Hotel,
declaring he was ready to begin at
once his role as sympathetic observer
In the minorities problem. .
As he arrived negotiations between
Hodza and committee Of Sudeten
Germans were in full swing. The
progress Of the negotiations was not
known, but one member of the British
party observed "the fact that they
are on speaking terms might be re-
garded as hopeful sign"
Runciman expressed a desire to see
all factions and indicated every minor
ity in the complicated structure of the
Czechoslovak republic should feel free
to lay its complaints before him.
He emphasized again that he re-
garded himself in no way a judge on
the various contentious and said the
British government would not neces-
sarily place its prestige or influence
behind any suggestion he might make.
Feeling Calmer.
He found feeling consistently
calmer after the exciting days of
Czechoslovak mobilization in May.
There was no fear that something
might happen tonight or tomorrow, but
the differences between the Sudetens
Evening star., 1938-08-03
JAPAN THREATENS
CHINESE AIR BASE
Reported Overcoming Big
Resistance so Miles
From Nanchang. \

BACKGROUND
japanese driving up Yangtze
Rtrer Valley to,card Hankow after
drfve from Lunghat ratl,Ddy Uas
halted by floods from breaks in yell
lou Riuer dtkes. Kiuktang fell to
inraders. opening ,oay to Nankino
orer Lake Poyang. but Chinese re-
ststance has been too strong to
permit rapid Japanese progress.
BY the Associated Press.
SHANGHAI, Aug. 3.-Japanese
troops were reported today to have
overcome do-or-die Chinese resistance
within so miles of Nancfiang, an i'm
portant Chinese air base.
Severe fighting continued. however,
along the railroad between Nanchang
and Kiukiang, strategic Yangtze River
point 1875 miles downstream from Han
kow, provisional Chinese capital.
The Japanese were thwarted in at
tempts to crack the defenders posi-
tions at Shahochen, the first town
south Of Kiukiang, despite deadly air
bombardments OF Chinese lines on
the north bank Of the Yangtze.
One Large Aerial Battle.
At least one large-scale aerial battle
was fought in that area. The Chinese
were repo rted to have cut Yangtze
dikes 125 miles below Hankow to
stop the advance toward Hankow-
thereby flooding wide farming dis
tricts and repeating their strategy
whereby they halted the Japanese
drive on Changchow, 800 miles north
Of Hankow, in June.
Japanese forces asserted, however,
they have occupied Hwangmei, IS
miles north Of Kiukiang. That town
gave the Japanese control Of the
highway to Hanlow and placed ad-
vance guards on q modern road into
the interior.
Another possible way Of advancing
toward Hankow was reported in
Chinese newspapers, which said q
Japanese aircraft carrier, planes and
uOOkc u 70 1ldO d1IlNcO hI 11oAlks
chow Bay, perhaps in preparation for
long-distance overland advance
through the coastal Chekisng Province
toward Hankow.
Troops Moved to Manchukuo.
The Chinese press also reported that
10000 Japanese troops, most Of them
withdrawn from the conflict in China.
passed through shanhaikwan, near
the border Of Chihh Province in
Northern China and Manchukuo, en-
route to Manchukuo.
A Japanese unit leaving Honan
Province, East Central China, was
said to have been cut of and attacked
near Wuchih, suffering 200 casualties.
The Chinese maintained that guerrilla
fighters were exacting . heavy toll of
deaths among other Japanese con-
tingents being withdrawn.
Evening star., 1938-08-03
BOSS WIFE DENIED VOTE
Mrs. Pendergast Hadn't Signed
Registration Affidavits.

KANSAS CITY. Aug. 3 R.-Mrs.
#. j. Pendergast, wife Of Kansas City's
Democratic party chieftain, was denied
a vote in Missouri's primary election
yesterday.
When Mrs. Pendergast called at the
polling place for a ballot, precinct
officials discovered she had forgotten
to sign the three permanent regis
tration afidavits that would have
completed her registration.
Evening star., 1938-08-03
Puts Responsibility for More Conflict
Upon japanese.

Puts Responsibility for More Conflict
Upon japanese.
MOSCOW, Aug. 3 R.-soviet Rus
sia threw on Japan's shoulders today
the responsibility for further conflict
along the Siberian border.
Even as she warned Of possible
serious consequences" If Japanese
'provocations" continued there were
indications Of her wish to reach q
peaceful settlement.
A communique, issued by Tass
(off1cial Russian news agency),
coupled this prediction with q state
ment that "since the very beginning
Of the conflict the Soviet government
has declared that it intends only to
defend territory indisputably belong
ing to the Soviet Union ="
A newspaper which reliably reflects
official opinion recalled that the gov
ernment had indicated q willingness
to redeflne the boundary separating
Siberia from Japanese Korea and
japanese protected Manchukuo.
The communique declared that Red
forces remained exclusively within
the limits of Soviet territory" and
that reports Of Russian air raids were
'emphatically refuted by competent
Soviet circles"
The communique accused Japanese
Evening star., 1938-08-03
RUNC|MAN BEGINS
MEDIATION ROLE
Greeted by Praha's Mayor
and British Envoy,
Basil c. Newton.
BY the Asscciated Press.

By the Assccisted Press.
PRAHA, Czechoslovakia, Aug. B.
Viscount Runciman, named by the
British government q unofficial ad-
wiser and mediator OF the sudeten
German problem, arrived today In the
steaming heat to "try to do something
about Czechoslovakia."
He was greeted at Wilson Station
named after the American World War
President-by Praha's Mayor, Peter
Zenkel, and British Minister Basil
Cochrane Newton.
Since it has been emphasized that
Lord Runciman's visit Is entirely un-
ofacial, President Eduard Benes and
Foreign Minister Milan Hodza re-
Evening star., 1938-08-03
Blind Girl Pleads With KING
And Kennedy to Ease Dog Bar

Guide Dogs for the Blind Association,
said Miss Hurst "regretfully declined"
to accept q British canine guide, re-
fusing to be parted from Babe.
The argument was advanced mean
while that the British law provides
the quarantine regulations could be
relaxed on Miss Hurst's behalf.
what seems to have escaped at
tention is that the law regarding the
importation Of dogs provides for quar-
antine except In the case Of perform
ing dogs, exhibition and breeding dogs
or dogs imported for other special
purposes" the News Chronicle de-
clared.
"Could not guidance Of the blind be
considered as q special purpose?" the
newspaper asked.
Evening star., 1938-08-03
by tie Associated Press.


The scene Of the present Russo
japanese fighting on the border Of
Manchukuo is an agricultural area
colonized by both Russians and jap
anese.
The National Geographic Society
pointed out today that Maritime
Province-the area on Russias side
Of the disputed border-was colonized
originally by Cossack soldiers, chosen
by lot to be farmers.
The Cossacks proved to be poor
agrarians, and many Koreans migrated
northward to work their land. The
province contains ll4,000 square miles
and has population OF about 422,000
It Is governed from Vladivostok.
Manchukuo, proclaimed independ-
ent of China with Japanese assistance
in 1882, contains approximately 505.-
0l3 square miles. Its population is
estimated at 34,2O00Oo. The residents
Evening star., 1938-08-03
Japanese to Accept
Russian CHALLENGE,
Diet Member Says
Py the Associated Press.

LOS ANGELES, Aug. 3.-If Rus
sia means business we japanese
will accept the challenge-we are
ready" Jiuji g.. Kasai, member
Of the japanese Diet and Toxic
book publisher, said here today en-
route to the inter-parliarnentary
conference at The Hague.
He expressed belief the Russo
Jap border conflict is more than
a temporary affair.
Japan does not want war
with Russia" he said, "but be-
cause of the position Russia has
taken from the time our troops
moved into North China, we have
known that the Russians may
take the aggressive sooner or
later. They evidently think this
is the opportune time"
Evening star., 1938-08-03
BOMBS SKATER
L0YAL|ST FORCE.
Hundreds of Rebel Planes
Are Reported to Have
Disorganized Lines.
BACKGROUND

THO ,peeks ago Spanish Loyalists
struck across Ebro Rtper at in
surgent forces of Gen. Francisco
Franco, nearly capturing Gandesa.
Francois headquarters. Rebels hare
had to diuert many troops from
Valencia front to meet this neW
threat In Catalonia. Valencia de-
tense forces. therefore, haze coun-
ter-attacked, making some gains.
BY the Associated Press.
HENDAYE, France, Aug. Span
ish insurgents reported today that in
cessant bombardment by hundreds Of
warplanes had halted abruptly the
governments Ebro River offensive in
Catalonia.
The air raiders curtain Of fire was
described as so intense that the militia
men were completely disorganized and
unable to reform their lines.
Although dispatches from govern
ment lines admitted slight insurgent
aerial supremacy, they insisted gov
eminent planes had been able to min
imize the effects Of insurgent bombers.
Observers with the militiamen
pointed out that the government con-
tinued pouring men, tanks and artll-
lery across the Ebro into the Gandesa
sector despite almost week of insur-
gent efforts to cut pontoon bridges
across the river and isolate govern
ment troops.
Rebel Front Line Weakened.
The governments new tactics OF
striking rapidly first in one sector and
then in another forced insurgents to
create u mobile reserve In the rear,
thus weakening front-line defenses.
These shock troops were being
moved to a position north OF Gandesa
highway junction and Insurgent
Generalissimo Francisco Frances for
mer district headquarters $50 miles
southwest of Barcelona-to thwart a
new menace against the insurgents
left flank, which the government re-
ported was ripped open with the cap
ture of the heights of Pobla de Maza-
luca.
The taking of that sun-baked hara-
let north Of Gandesa after fierce fight
ing yesterday opened the governments
way to a score Of Matarrana River
plateau villages.
LOyalists' Position Critical.
Observers with insurgent forces de-
scribed as critical the position of gov
eminent units in a pocket reached
shortly after starting the Ebro cam
paign 10 days ago. Main passes across
the river were said to have been de-
stroyed, making it extremely difficult
to bring up supplies.
Insurgents attributed the cessation
Of the enemy's attacks to heavy losses
in the past week.
Evening star., 1938-08-03

Afghanistan has a well-equipped
army OF over 100000 men.
Evening star., 1938-08-03
and the Praha government remained
profound.
Border Violation Chsrred.

BERLIN, Aug. 3 R-Violation of
the German border by two Czecho-
slovak airplanes was charged today by
D. N. B. German official news agency
In report from Glatz.
The report said the airplanes new
into Germany over Glstz, with observ-
ers photographing the town. 0latz 10
IL miles from the frontier between the
two nations.
Evening star., 1938-08-03
Lights Ordered Out.

KEIJO, Korea, Aug. 3 R.-The gov
ernment today ordered lights out at
night and air-defense measures
throughout Northern Korea, near the
disputed japanese Siberian frontier
area. Residents were evacuating some
villages in the border sector, Domei
Japanese news agency said.
MOSCOW AIMS AT PEACE.
Evening star., 1938-08-03
Far East
Russian foreign minister, Maxim
Litvinoff,
Continued From First Page.)

Russian foreign minister, Maxim
Litvinoff.
He was instructed to ask Moscow
to take immediate steps to prevent
a recurrence Of such violence" The
foreign Office spokesman said he had
some information" that the border
attacks were ordered by border COM
manders and not from Moscow. No
reply from Moscow had been received
late this afternoon.
Attack Declared Repulsed.
Today's army communique said six
divisions (number of men not stated
supported by 80 tanks, attacked Japa-
nese positions in the disputed frontier
area at am but that they were re-
pulsed with "heavy losses"
The attack followed a nightlong
aerial and artillery bombardment in
which, the Japanese asserted, "numer-
GUS civilian casualties" resulted.
Evening star., 1938-07-02

and to meet the deficiency in food sup
plies within the Reich. So Germany
comes around. Rather than fall out with
John Bull, the banker, she yields to his
demands.
With the United States the case is
different. We sell more to Germany
than she sells to us. There is no surplus
of American money going to Germany
in payment for goods which might be
stopped in order to bring pressure upon
the Berlin government to honor its Just
obligations. So repeated demands from
the United States that Germany recog-
nize the Austrian external debt held in
this country 60 unanswered. The argu-
ment of equity and legal principle carries
no weight in the Wilhelmstrasse.
What is the answer? Simply that
some way must be found to apply that
superior economic force which is the
only argument the Na1 chieftains under
stand, or else we must be content to
acquiesce in the reputation of every
decent principle of international conduct.
Evening star., 1938-07-02

Union will, of course. be affected by their
men being forced out of work.
The tragedy of the whole affair is
that the Ringing Circus was always
known as the Sunday School Show"
On no circus were men treated better
nowhere were they fed better, nowhere
were they paid higher wages. The
awful tragedy is that destruction should
come to this one institution which for
55 years has maintained the highest
standard in its relations with the public
the worker, performer and staff.
Is it not possible for those who love
the circus to here determine that this
unfair situation shall never be per-
mitted to arise again? Cannot the
National Labor Relations Board insist
that use of it's name and its power
by unscrupulous labor leaders must
cease? Can they not denounce the re-
fusal Of the right to petition. the refusal
to permit vote by ballot, all forbidden
in its name?
Is it not possible for civic organiza-
tions, those parents who love this ira
ditional form of clean amusement which
has never needed a censor to create
public sentiment in this country which
will save the circus?
Shall our children be forever denied
that one great American experience of
going to the circus and seeing unrolled
before them an entertainment detailed
by their fathers and mothers who saw
it in exactly the same manner of pres
entation in their childhood days?
The constitutional function of the
Circus Fans Association is to exert itself
to the end that the circus may exist
and continue to exist among us as
"a social, educational and creative fac
tor necessary to full, rounded and
joyous existence" To that end we
shall strive until the circus as we have
known it for generations shall be re-
stored to us.
MELVIN d. HILDRETH.
President Circus Fans Association,
Evening star., 1938-07-02

ture, almost forgotten because I saw
no fresh flowers on his tomb, nor stands
by a weeping willow to murmur with the
nocturnal breeze an amorous chant. He
that loved so much the solitude and
peace, is rewarded by humanity with the
noise and irreverence Of the trafnc that
runs day and night by Fayette street.
How I wished to see the vision of an
angel with sword OF flame throwing
back the motorized herd and command
ing silence with a finger on his lips
silence for the sleep of a man that Gre
ated world of fancy that Is living yet;
silence for respect to a man that was so
tall that very few noticed the aureola of
glory on his observation-disclosures! And
stand back, you the impious mob. that
yawn and talk and drive few feet from
this place! But you the small group
coming with flower in your hand and
a thought in your heart. step forth. I
pray, and place both gently. with ma
ternal care on the ashes Of Edgar Allan
Poe. MARIO GONZALES.
Evening star., 1938-07-02
German Debts.

The secret of how to deal with Nazi
Germany was revealed by the announce
ment in the House of Commons yester-
day that Great Britain had obtained
recognition of Germany's obligation to
pay Austrian external debts for which
Britain was a guarantor.
When faced with superior force-in
this case economic force-Germany has
shown a disposition to yield for her own
protection, but in the absence of such
superior force she insists upon fiouting
every principle Of International law and
equity that the nations have established
through the centuries.
" Great Britain has succeeded in obtain
ing assurance of payment of the
Austrian debts simply by the threatened
use Of compulsory clearing, which would
strike the Nazi government where it
would hurt most-in the pocketbook. II
the British government were to prevent
any kind of payment going to Germany
and were to confiscate the proceeds from
GGmanys exports to Great Britain in
payment of German debts to Britons the
Reich would lose one of its big sources
Of foreign exchange, which 1t needs
badly to carry on its armament program
Evening star., 1938-07-02

contract calculated to eliminate the
cause for wage controversies and to pro-
hibit work stoppages in event Of any
jurisdictional controversies.
With regard to wages, the agreement Is
that prevailing rates for all operations
should be specified at the start of prof.
ect and neither employer nor employe
should attempt by force or otherwise to
effect revision.
With regard to jurisdictional disputes.
the provision is that work should con-
tinue pending efforts of both Govern
ment and union officials to resolve the
differences.
The essence Of the double agreement.
OF course, is good faith on both sides and
. feeling Of responsibility toward terms
OF the contract. With the application
OF these qualities there is no reason to
believe that the guarantee of continuance
OF work will not result in material ad-
vantage to Government sponsors of the
projects, to the workers, and, finally, to
the public that is paying the bills.
Wider application of the same guar
antee. accompanied by equal good faith.
might likewise be found salutary.
Evening star., 1938-07-02
Appeal to Reason.

More lives have been lost celebrate
Ing national independence than were
sacrificed for its achievement. Major
General James F. Mckinley has esti-
mated the American casualties of the
Revolution, from April 10, TITS, to Janu-
ary IA, 1874, at four thousand and forty-
four-a small number as conpared with
two thousand one hundred and seven
teen Fourth Of July fatalities reported
by the Associated Press for the years
1880 to 1887, only eight of the lsl wears
of celebrations.
OF course, the contradiction between
natura! patriotic instinct and a care
less attitude toward preventable acci-
dents is too obvious to REQUIRE COM
ment. Any citizen who loves his country
will deplore the toll of death invariably
recorded in relation to the annual COM
memora alton of liberty. Logically. then.
every American man, woman and child
should be anxious to contribute toward
making the holiday safer. The Ma
tional Safety Councils appeal to reason
should have universal Endorsement.
Specifically, the Council suggests six
general rules to avert tragedy. They
are: Il. Start early on your holiday
trip. Give yourself plenty of time to
get there and back by driving mod
erately. q. Watch out for sunburn. It
creeps up on you and can be dangerous.
3. Use common sense in the water.
Waiting an hour after eating. Be sure
of the depth. Know that q lifeguard
is handy. 4. Don't use fireworks. S.
Don't drive II you drink g. Take it
easy. Get back safe and sound. Be
alive on the Fifth"
Evening star., 1938-07-02

places. Weathering soon takes away
from the staring white look.
X 4
There is one unfortunate tendency Of
pruned shrubs, and that is to grow
chubby at the top. The new growth
rushes where the cuts are, so that in
few months the whole top of the plant is
mass of green.
The only way this can be avoided is
to make a mental chart of the shrub,
before beginning with the pruning
shears.
Commonly this is never done, Just as
few amateur photographers go to the
trouble of making preliminary survey
OF the scene they are going to "shoot"
With the latter the usual result is some
thing or other in the picture which
should not be there, and which might
easily have been avoided by little fore
thought.
Calmly survey the shrub to be pruned,
and decide as well as you can which
branches are old and which new, and
especially which seem to be the key
branches, or those vital to it's growth.
Then try to visualize the shrub with
the older and less important canes cut
back severely. Try to thin the whole
shrub, not just the top, by leaving cer-
tain canes in the center as tall as ever,
so that the new shrub which is to be-in
a few weeks or months-will have GER
tain pleasing outline, and not be Just
mass OF green, like big rectangle.
X
This is not easy. Undoubtedly it takes
more study than most of us are willing
to give it.
On the other hand, proper pruning is
no way near SO difficult as one might
imagine after reading some of the books
on the subject.
A little discretion, yes, but even more
vaior Is necessary. The dread of cutting
back old bushes is very human one, but
after one has plunged in often there
arises desire to go on and on, which
must be resisted, too.
We are not trying to ruin our shrubs,
but to make them better plants, espe-
cially to make them more in harmony
with their surroundings.
There can be no escaping the fact
that time comes, in the life of every
building and grounds, when the shrub
berry becomes too large in relation to
them. Not only is the view from inside
Cue oii, puI Ille prospect from tfe out
side is not so pleasing, either
Often persons who have permitted
their shrubs to grow beyond bounds, for
one reason or another, are amazed after
ward to see how much nicer the view
from the windows is
1t is as if time itself had taken a
step backward. Suddenly one recalls
why, this is the way things were years
ago, dozen years ago, maybe Is years
ago!
Turn backward, o time, in thy
flight" 1t can be done with the
pruning shears.
Rhododendrons often frighten owners,
both as to pruning and as to pronuncia-
ton, but there is no need for it.
All one has to do is be brave, grab
the shippers and cut. They must he
good pruners, for the stalks and stems of
rhodes are tough, though brittle, and
will resist dull ones
Few ordeals give one a sense of victory
as we'll as successful wrestIe with
rhododendrons, looping and pruning,
here little, there a little. all the time
going slowly, in order to leave the bush
its proper symmetry.
After it is done it looks so we'll one
Tor the world would not confess that it
was all good fortune, and nothing else.