Evening star., 1938-04-02
BIOLOGISTS TOLD
!. OF NEW V|TAM|NS
Discovery of Hormone Which
Aids Digestion Also
Reported.
By the Associated Press,

By the Associated Press.
BALTIMORE, April 2.-The dis
covery of two new vitamins, one Of
which may prove important in hu-
man nutrition. and a new hormone
which aids digestion were reported to-
day before the Federated Biological
Societies in one Of its closing sessions.
DR.. Charles E. Bills of Evansville
Ind, declared that the human nutri-
ton vitamin is a new fraction OF
vitamin D from cod liver oil. The
Evansville scientist distilled two tons
Of cod liver oil and the part which
distilled last was broken in two parts
One of these yielded the new vitamin
In preliminary tests he added. il
has not proved as effective in growing
bones in chicks, but further work
may place it as an important factor
in growth of humans and animals.
Vitamin Cures Paralysis.
DR.. Thomas H. Junkes and Sidney
of Agriculture announced that they
had found new vitamin, yet un.
named. in alfalfa meal. They first
found a paralysis developing in chick
ems and, after trying other vitaInins
in an effort to correct it, finally made
an extract of alfalfa meal which both
cured and forestalled the paralysis In
other chickens.
The new hormone was announced
by DR.. S. A. Kamarov of McGill Uni
versity, Montreal, Canada. Known
as "gastrin,'' it is secreted from the
inner lining of the lower end of the
stomach and controls the output OF
hydrochloric acid, one of the principa,
digestive juices, into the stomach.
Control of the secretion of this hor-
none may lead to a new treatment
for ulcers of the stomach, which are
sometimes caused by over-secretion ot
hydrocholoric acid which eats into
the stomach membranes.
Judgment Is Impaired.
Flying in the future, either by pilots
or passengers, will have to be much
more rigidly supervised by medical
men, DR.. Ross A. Mcfarland of Har-
ward University and DR.. Harry G
Armstrong of the Army Medical Corps
declared in symposium on the effect.
OF lack of oxygen.
Dr.. Mcfarland declared that wher
pilots fly at attitudes above $4,000
feet they suffer distinct impairment
OF judgment, memory and ability tt
see.' They also experience difficulty
in writing and great loss of ability
to spell very simple words.
Oxygen deficiency becomes a danger
at even 5000 to 5000 feet, DR.. Arm.
strong added, and changes may occur
in the pilots ability to analyze diff
cult flying situations and to judge
them correctly. The present regu.
| lations concerning oxygen equipmen
/ in alrplanes are far too lenient," ht
/ added, and the day is fast approach
/ ing when most flying will be dont
at heights above 10000 feet, Will
both piolts and passengers in pres
sure-sealed cabins breathing oxygel
carried as part of the regular equip
ment of the airplane.
Pigs Carry Influenza.
Pigs are still pigs, DR.. R. E. Shop
of the Rockefeller Institute for Medica
Research at Princeton, N. j., told tn
biologists, but they are also a reservoi
for the virus which causes humal
influenza. In testing the blood O
pigs which lived during a recen
flu epidemic, he found that they ha,
the disease. while pigs born sine
the epidemic showed no signs of it.
Lemon and lime drop candies ar
very definitely causes of tooth decay
reported DR.. Edward S. West ant
Dr.. Frederick r. Judy of the Univer
city of Oregon. They exposed teet
mounted in rubber to solutions of linn
and lemon drops and found that tn
citric acid of these candies replace,
the phosphate in the enamel an
caused the teeth to disintegrate.