davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Nome nugget., 1938-10-28
France Warned
 Stop Supplying
 Arms to China

TOKYO, Oct. 28 (Pl-A foreign office statement said Premier Prince Konoye warned France that Japan might be compelled to take measures" if the French continue to supply China with arms. It is believed that this possibly meant that the Japanese occupation of Hainan Island just off the south China coast, one of the points of the French sphere of influence, was a dagger aimed at the heart of the vast French oriental possessions.
 Prince Konoye told the French ambassador, Charles Arsene Hen ry that Japan was "gravely con- cerned with the possible devel- opment in the situation"
 The Newspaper Asahi declar- ed that the Japanese government considered unsuitable American inSistence on the continued open door trade 10 China. A new sit uation existed in the far east, be cause of Japanese advances in China, said the newspaper. It also predicted that Japan would seek to induce the U. s. govern ment to accept this thesis.
The Nome nugget., 1938-10-28

SAN FRANCISCO-After trail ing for three full periods, St, Marys College football team sud- denly came to life in Kezar Sta dium before thirty thousand fans and scored two touchdowns in the final period to defeat the Uni versity of San Francisco Dons by a score of 13 to 6. t
 In Philadelphia, Villanova scored a thirteen to six victory over Detroit University before 25,000 fans to remain one of the unbeaten and united teams in the nation.
The Nome nugget., 1938-10-28
B A s K E T B A l. l.
Kenn's Bakery vs Gold Diggers
 Nevada Nighthawks

Whaley's Whalers Monday, Oct. 31, Hi School Gym 800 o'clock Adm. 25e & 5Oe
The Nome nugget., 1938-10-28

LONDON-Viscount Craigavon Prime Minister of Northern Ire land, in an interview with the Maramauess of Donegal, publish ed recently in a Lord Rother- more's dispatch, warned civil war would follow any attempt to meet Prime Minister De Valera's manifesto for a united Ireland.
The Nome nugget., 1938-10-28
Oldest Newspaper In Alaska.
Nugget Weather Forecast.

Increasing cloudineSS and warmer tonight And Saturday
The Nome nugget., 1938-10-28

LOS ANGELES - Publisher William Randolph Hearst urged Americans last night to close their ears 10 English propaganda and soft soap if they wish to avoid being drawn by unwarrant ed sentiment into the disasters of another foreign war.
 Speaking by radio from his magnificent San Simeon ranch home, Hearst criticized Winston Churchil's recent plea to the United States to join Great Brit ain and France in a common front against the Relationships.
The Nome nugget., 1938-10-28

TOkYO-Japanese press re- ports said the Japanese govern ment's basis for Chinese-Japan- ese peace is mutual respect for sovereignty and territorial in- tegrlty coupled with guarantees there would be no repitition of the hostilities. The. reports said the fall of the Wuhan area would mark the beginning of the final stage of the Chinese-Japanese conflict.
The Nome nugget., 1938-10-28
Carnegie Medal
 Is Awarded To
 Margie Snyder

PITTSBURGH, Oct. 23 iP) - The Carnegie Hero Commission recognized the bravery of Margie Jean Snyder, aged fifteen, who lost her life, saving Eugene and Patrick, five, her younger bro ther and sister from their fam ing home at Palmer, Alaska, on July 27 of last year. The bronze medal was awarded posthumous- ly in her honor, to her father, Thomas Snyder of Palmer. She died eighteen hours after the res cue.
 Twenty seven awards were made in all parts of the United States and Canada.
The Nome nugget., 1938-10-28

PARIS, Oct.-France announc- ed extension and added strength ening of the Maginot Line of France, and facing the Siegfried Line of Germany, both of which reach practically from Switzer- land to Belgium.
The Nome nugget., 1938-10-28
SAN FRANCISCO

!, SAN FRANCISCO = About 1900 warehouse workers and 1900 office and sales forces employees went jubilantly back to work as 137 warehouses in the San Fran cisco area reopened. Work re- stunned with termination of a strike by the International Long Shoremens and Warehouse Union an affiliate of the Committee for Industrial Organization.
The Nome nugget., 1938-10-28

Are you taking advantage of six month5 paid in ad- vance subscription !?
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1938-02-05
DENIS FAVORED
RULE
TO GAG TALK
Constitutionality Of
Measure Defended
By Wagner

Colored citizens throughout the
country. as we'll rs thousands OF
liberal minded white citizens, are
disappointed over tho recent fall
ure OF the U. 8. Senate to invoke
the Cloture rule to limit debate
on the filibuster against the Anti
Lynching Bill, thereby causing
the measure TO be sidetfacked In
favor OF other pending legislation.
The Cloture was voted upon last
Thursday ana defeated, having
received but thir,y-six votes. only
one OF which was Republican
vote.
Senator Wagner reopened debate
on the bill Thursday night in de-
Tense of its coustitutionality. Sena-
tor Brown Of Michigan is expected
to speak OH the measure.
In commenting upon the ques-
ton in the Washington Evening
star of January rs. David Law
renee writes as follows:
ANY bill that ostensibl, is In
the interest OF greater power Tor
the Negro is bound TO awaken con-
,roversy as between Northern ana
Southern Democrats. In the South
,ew Negroes are allowed % vote
IN, In the Northern cities, expect
ally during the last two d-cahes'
the Negroes have becoi,e susn an
important balance OF power IN d
half dozen states that U. >. Scna-
tors listen to the petitions 81 Ne
Gro groups more than cy~r before
in our whole history.
at Is significant that III Inc
vote 10 end debate by applying
he Cloture Gag Rule. the NOT
,hern Democrats voted almost soil
dlv in favor Of forcing the DEBATE
20 come 10 an emf SO that the
measure itself could be voted up
on The Republicans played poi'-
tics by lining themselves up a.
qainst Cioture. they wanted 10 enh-
borrass the Democrats
yandenberg Makes Statement
prior 10 the vote on the Cloture
at washington Senators were de-
ured with telegram and letters
Continued on Page ~
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1938-02-05

two-thirds paid for. All officers in
the supreme body have been un-
animously elected. In the past
eighteen years. No organization OF
fraternalism among Negroes in the
United states, has reached the
heights attained by our organize
ton No salaries have been paid
anv Masonic aofficers for the pas.
eighteen years. except the assistant
secretary"
Relative to the growth OF the or
der in Detroit. DIR. Furniss stated
that he was glad Detroit had De
gun 10 take In so many new ne" !,
hers: You have the opportunity
he said, "You should overcome .n .,,
modesty. and I hope that you VIII
soon take your rightful position as
one OF the leading cities IN MA
sonry among our group. Inc OF
ganization must have n dehnite
program. The things which appeal
cd TO young people twenty-five
years ago, do not appeal TO them TO-
day. We must have a different pro,
gram to-day. II we are TO hoiu
them. Brass bands and high-sound-
ing rituals and uniforms are not
All the things needed. We must
take an interest in the home IRE
we should take an interest In
school and in the affairs OF the
Negro people, all over the wor'o'
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1938-02-05

Carlton w Canes left Detroit
early Thursday morning by plane
and arrived in Washington in time
to attend the morning session OF
the small business men in progress
there.
Gaines invitation came as di-
rect result OF proposal made by
the Rev. Horace White that the
members OF the MONDAY Luncheon
Club urge the Michigan senator's
and congressman 10 have Gaines
invited TO the conference
Members of the MONDAY Lunch
con Club wired the two Michigan
senators and two Of the Wolverine
congressman. urgeing them to use
their influnce TO have President
Franklin Delano Roosevelt ex-
tend an invitation TO a member OF
the organization TO attend the con-
ference Of small business now I'm
progress In washington.
The telegram sent to Senators
Arthur II. vandenberg and Prem.
tiss Brown, and Congressman Geo
rye O Brien and George Sadow-
ski. reads az fellows:
The Booker T. Washington
Trade Association feels negiectes
that no Negro business represen
tative has been invited TO sit n
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1938-02-05
|HEARTATTACK
KILLS JEWELER

Funeral rites for the late Eddie
Stafford, we'll known matchmaker
Of Hastings street, were held We'd
nesday at / p. m, from the Mack
Avenue Church, at st. Aubin and
Mack avenue. Elder U. <. Miller
officiated. Burial was in Memorial
Pa k Cemetery.
Mr.. Stafford, who was AZ years
of age, was born in Valdosta, Ca,
and had resided in Detroit for more
than twenty years, fifteen Of which
were spent in the jewelry business.
lie died suddenly last Friday eve
ming, at o'clock, at 4716 st. An
tome, Apt. 1S. Death was due to
heart failure.
According to X. L. Stafford, a
cousin, the deceased complained OF
pains about the heart for several
days prior to his death. He was
stricken at the corner of Forest
and st. Antoine Friday evening
and requested a friend to aid him
to the apartment at 47l6 st. An
tome, which was only a few steps
away. On reaching the apartment,
it is reported Mr.. Stafford COM
planned of feeling cold and asked
for a cup of hot coffee. The cof-
fee was hurriedly prepared and
while drinking it, the sick man col
lapsed and died before a neighbor-
ing physician, Dr. Bradshaw, could
arrive.
Surviving Mr.. Stafford are his
widow, two sons, daughter, ana
numerous other relatives.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1938-02-05
Johnson Is Assailed
By Father Daniels
By STAFF REPORTER

In militant sermon delivered
Sunday morning at st. Matthews
Episcopal Church, Father Z. w.
Daniels, the rector, took issue with
the recent speech made here by Dr.
Mordecia Johnson.
The Johnson address was deliv-
cred Sunday, January 20. at Brew
ster Community Center, under aus
pices OF the Detroit Civic Rights
Committee.
Father Daniels took as his text,
|T Am a Man Under Authority"
The minister said in part:
THE man who uttered these
words was an aristocrat. He was
simply asSctim of a prevailing sys-
|tcni2 &rajpfieved in that SYSTEM
~ Loses Patience
Zone loses patience with one who
is expected to know, but comes with
some half baked ideas. Those who
are introduced to the public, as
though Of material service, should
inform themselves" In reference
to DR.. Johnson's subject, "Our Gov.
eminent and Our Liberty" the rec.
tor said: There is nothing in that
subject to justify what was said on
it. One may be a great orator, but
e loquence is not necessarily
thoughtfulness. l do not expect
men at the head of organizations to
allow themselves to be used as pro-
pagandists."
Commenting upon DR.. Johnson's
remarks about the closing the pull
pits to him, Father Daniels shouted
"They did not come to me for the
use of this church. They know that
this is not the place to come with
that piffle. One expects more from
a university president.
Abiding to the Johnson speech,
the clergyman continued:
Commenting further upon til e
statement in the Johnson address,
~ can understand the attitude of
the captain Of industry who could
not understand why the workers
should want to organize against
him, who had always been fair to
((ContInued on Page 10)
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1938-02-05
Rent Strikers Settle With
Landlord Out OF Court

Successful termination of rent
strike which has been in progress
for approximately two weeks, was
affected last week when the strik-
ers settld with the landlord out OF
court.
The strike was led by Ben Stro-
man, of the Renters and Consum-
ers League, and was against the
proprietor OF the eight family
apartment at 2414 Brush street.
In the settlement the landlord
agreed to reduce the rent from $50
a month, TO s43.
The strike began when the land
lord served eviction notice on j.
s. Mcdonald, occupant of one OF
the apartments, for failure to pay.
Mcdonald has been living in the
apartment for five months lie is
an organizer for the SW0C.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1938-02-05
SCHUYLER TO
HERE

George S. Schuyler of New York
City, writer and world traveller and
recently appointed editor OF the
Crisis Magazine. will speak at the
ST. Antoine Y. NJ c. A. from sun
day evening. Feb 6. at 3:45 o'clock.
His subject will be Negro Leader
ship In A Changing America
A special feature OF the program
will be the introduction OF song
written by Dr. William Postles. In
appreciation Of the outstanding
work OF Rev. and Mrs william II.
Peck and Carbon w. Gaines. Mrs.
Percy Jacks will sing the song, ac-
companied by the author OF the mu-
sic and verse
Mr.. Schuyler Is we'll known to
Detroiters and his lectures here
bring capacity audiences. The pub
lie is cordially invited.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1938-02-05
Leader Makes Strong
Appeal to Young Men in Talk

That is what Scottish Rites STAND
FOR We want young men to come
into the order and make It mean
what It should
nuring the meeting, fitting tri-
butes and toasts were given III
memory OF departed member oil the
order. including James r hicn-
ards. Thaddeus ID. Warsaw. ROD
ert G. Barnes, william II. Mckin-
nov. Charles A. Campbell. John II
Harrod. Henry +. Thompson, Frank
O. bradford. James X. Nelson
Samuel w. Franklin.
Among those attending the ban
quet were; on,
Mr. and Mrs. Albert Gass. w
sewell. Mr.. and Mrs. Howard Mel
son Mrs Anna f. Thomas. Mrs
Nathaniel Garrett. Mr.. and MRS
7 r. Martin. Mrs. Louise smith,
Mrs. Mildred wallace, Mrs. Gladys
campbell. Mrs. @. l.. Ford, Mrs
barbara ortiz, Mrs. 0rdine Toll
liver. Mrs. O. II. Gilbert. Mrs
Celeste Cushing. Mr.. and MRS. JET
fries. FARRELL II. Griggs, James A.
penny. Thomas u. Strickland, o
d Toliver. Mr.. and Mrs. william
Morrison, Sim Flood. J. W. Moore
Mrs. A. Armstrong, Mr.. and MRS
saIt sye. John Battle. Rev. p. n
wright. Mr.. and Mrs. y. s. MAT
tin. York Harrison, Flint; II. eros
Confined on Page ~
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1938-02-05
TRIAL OPENS
WEDNESDAY, IN
STEMS COURT
Defendants Mother
On Stand To Tell Of
Many Beatings

Robert Dubois. 32-ycar-old fac
tory worker who is accused OF
killing his father, william Du-
bois. 50, last November, went Oh
trial in Judge Christopher H.
Stems court room Wednesday. A
jury OF nine women and three men
will hear the evidence.
Testimony was opene,i Wednes-
day morning as the state laid de-
tailed groundwork in It's effort to
prove Dubois of delihe ate and
premeditated murder 81 his sire
II Dubois is found guilty he will
spend the remainder Of his life
in one OF the state prisons. He IL
defended by Attorneys Lloyd A.
LOOMS aud william Golden of the
firm Of LOOMS, Jones, Piper and
Golden. Assistant Prosecutor Wal
lace Temple is representing the
state.
Following a march OF identifying
witnesses 10 the stand, Mrs. Pin
kie Dubois, mother OF the defen-
dant, was placed on the stand by
the prosecution.
The defendant, nattily attired in
a blue suit. kept his eyes glued on
his mother as she told her story
In soft voice. The court room
was packed TO capacity, and
large number were turned away.
Mrs Dubois said under direcf
examination that her husband
had beaten her twice ON Novem-
Der 10, the day OF the fatal shoot
ing. She stated that he had beater
her early In the day in the Blue
Bird tavern. 5021 fireman ave
nue., which was owned by thu
and later at her home OF,
avenue.
She stated that In the first figh;
she had been knocked out of the
back door OF the tavern by her
husband after he had choked her.
In the fight in the kitchen OF thu
tavern Mrs. Dubois declared tina.
she grabbed a butcher knife and
threatened her husband with Il
before she was grabbed by her nc
phew.
Later her husband, according /.
Confined on Page ~
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1938-02-05
SENATOR DICCS
DEFENDS RACE
Polio e Issuance Of
Licenses Played

At a hearing on liquor control
in Wayne County. which was held
in the chambers Of the Detroit
Common Council last Friday, Sena-
tor Charles c. Diggs criticized the
local police department for race
discrimination in issuing liquor IL
censes to Negro applicants, al
though licenses are issued to appli-
cants of other nationalities without
hesitation. Diggs contended that
il is usually necessary for a Negro
applicant to get nearly all of De-
troit to recommend him. before he
can secure a liquor license, while
such policy is not adopted In the
case Of other liquor applicants.
Councilman John Lodge asked
Senator Diggs what authority the
police department had to set aside
the Fourteenth and Fifteenth
Amendments. to which the Senator
replied that he did not know, but
reiterated that it was done.
Police Superintendent Fran
argued that II an applicant Is
turned down, he can appeal to the
Appeal Board.
Diggs replied that others were
not compelled to resort to this
course, except in rare instances,
and he further declared that If
Negroes appealed, they would not
get anywhere. He impressed upon
The members Of the Council the fact
that If the licensed beer gardens
and liquor establishments in Wayne
county were reduced from 5000 to
i'ooO as proposed, and If the police
department is permitted to use its
discriminatory tactics, he feared
mat no Negroes would be issued
liquor licenses.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1938-02-05
DUBOIS ON TRIAL
Elliottorian LUX
To Pres e mt DIR.
w. E. B. Dubois

The Elliottorian usiness
Women's Club will observe Ne
gro History Week by presenting
DR.. w. E. B. Dubois. Of Atlanta
University, as speaker Sunday,
Feb. IL, at ST. Antoine Y.M.C.A.
This club began the celebra-
ton of Negro History Week in
Detroit in 1890.
Dr. Dubois has always at
tractel large audiences in this
city, and his many previous Wis
is here have been marked by
inspiring messages.
A cordial invitation is ex-
tended to the public to attend
DR.. Dubois Lecture.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1938-02-05

ringing appeal to young men
70 JOIN the Masonic Order was
"aue Saturday night by Dr. Sum
"er A. Furniss, illustrious 49, de-
gree grand commander OF Masons,
III an address delivered at ban
quet In his honor at Lucy Thur
"an ! W. c. A. here. in the pre-
Sence Of $50 members and friends
OF the order.
Inc banquet was presided over
W W. II. Garrard. 32-degree Ma
'on, who also acted as POSTMASTER.
Inc affair was given by the VOL
VERNE Consistory No. 6.
Masterful Address
~ MS address. DR.. FurnIss said:
we have many things for which
~ w thankful to your city. Some OF
o as men who helped organize the
s Srpreme Council Body we're from
onigan AMI Detroit. We have a
n0,", "efiul order in Scottish Rite.
,ha. hing the past eighteen years.
ps.a mas never been question
Sn .'su on In the supreme council,
% oy unanimous vote"
!, ppsss ,'s Of the Masonic Temple
tlnued: '"e 'pe"he' Gun
our building In Philadelphia n
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1938-02-05
HINTON DIES
IN HOSPITAL

Funeral rites for the late Julius
Il. Hinton, 2714 st. Antoine, were
held Tuesday morning at IL
o'clock, from Scott NJ. +. Church
Rev. Z. w. Kelly, the pastor, Off
ciated.
Mr.. Hinton, a native OF Georgia
died at Grace Hospital Friday
January 2s. following major
operation. lie had resided In De
troit for the past twenty-five years
having been in business here Tor
twenty years. He was a successful
groced and owned considerable
property.
The pail bearers were j. Rice,
]. Holder. Mack Ivy, Charles Rox-
borough. A. Traylor, d. Woodson
l.. f. Hayes. DR. Powell Johnson
Surviving the deceased are his
widow. Mrs. Alma Hinton; his
mother and two sisters who reside
IN washington, ID. c.; and two bro
theirs. OF Atlanta. Ga.
Burial was in woodmere Gene
terry. The funeral was In charge OIL
Webster's Funeral Home
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1938-02-05
Gaines Now In Capital For
Small Mans Business Confab

on the small business mems COZ
ference. Use your influence indi
vidually to have President Roos,
welt extend invitation 20 Carlton
w. Gaines, representative OF this
organization which is composed Of
$4,000 Negroes which in turn com
prises combined business efforts
OF 100000"
The telegram was signed By
Louis c. Blount, chairman, and
the Revs. William IT. Peck and
Horace W. White. They had beer
selected by the chairman to ar
range and send the telegram.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1938-02-05
DR.. j. w ats on
Addresses Teachers
At L u n c h e o n

DR.. j. Watson, of the Teachers
College of Columbia University
was guest speaker at luncheon
given in his honor last Saturday
at the Detroit Leland Hotel. by the
Detroit Teachers Federation.
Wholesome Teaching Environ
ment," was the subject of DR.. Wat.
sons address, which was very in
formative.
Among the teachers in attend
ance at the luncheon were: Mrs
Bessie Morton, Mrs. Katie Pickens
Miss Beulah Cain, Mrs. Jennie
Young, Mrs. Helen Wilson, Mrs
Suzanne Gomez, Miss Mable Wind
row, Mrs. Nina Collins, Mrs. Mar
tina Bacon, Mrs. Frances Welker
and DR.. and Mrs. J. ]. McClendon.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1938-02-05
OFFICERS GET
SLAYER THUGS

Solution Of holdup murder IL
November came fast Friday wher
Detectives James Raspberry, Tho
res strickland, and Arthur Dill
ard. OF the Hamtramck Police
Department, arrested four men
and charged them with the Staying
Of Benjamin Stefanczyk.
Those arrested are Jack Smith,
Leroy Reynolds. 1925 st. Antoine
street; Garland George, SIS Ora
tiot avenue: and Charles Clark,
924 Illinois
Stefanczyk was killed during a
holdup OF his store at 7715 Jos
Campau street on the morning OF
November %. Stefanczyk resisted
the bandits when they entertd his
store.
Smith had been arrestet shortly
after the crime. but was released
Last week the detectives arrested
Smith again. and this time he con-
fessed 10 the crime. duplicating
the other three.
After obtaining Smith s COMES
sion, the three Hamtramck detec-
tives. with Sergeants OF Detectives
William Fuller and Edward White.
arrested the three men living in
Detroit.
The bandits have been identifi-
ed by the victims daughter and
Albert Burnell. cab driver The
officers have also recovered the
gun used in the Staying
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1938-02-05
Jas. Weldon johnson
Back With Fisk Staff
For Spring Semester

Nashyille-With the opening o.
the spring semester DR.. and Mrs.
James Weldon Johnson have re-
turned TO their home on the Fisk
university campus. where since
1882 he has held the Adam X.
Spence chair OF creative writing
ard literature. During the first
semester OF each year he devofes
a great deal OF HIS time TO writing
and lecturing. and he has just in-
ished the fourth season a. visiting
professor az New York university
from Fisk university.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1938-02-05
Detroit S e n i o r
Wins Honors In
u. Of D. Debate

Clarence w. Greer, 694i Hazlett
avenue, son Of Mrs. Valrie Garrett
and a senior at the University OF
Detroit Arts and Science College
won great honors as an after
dinner speaker at the annual after
dinner speech contest last Thurs
day. As second place winner he Is
now the proud possessor Of a gold
medal given him by the University
Of Detroit speech department.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1938-02-05
Skin Donor Gets His
High School Diploma
From A Hospital Cot

washington-John Melvin Bon
ner. who Is risking his life In a
"Sianese twin" operation TO aid
Clara Howard, a distant relative
disfigured by burns. received his
certificate OF graduation from cot
In Emergency Hospital. Bonner
was a student at shaw Junior high
school.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1938-02-05

MRS. ELIZA cRIG5BY, pro-
mincnt local social worker.
who recently received u promo
tIon as an assistant TO the
supervisor ut the Alfred Street
district.
Mrs. Grigsby came TO Detroit
with n wealth OF experience
In social service work. She u
n graduate OF Fisk University
and holds u degree from West
ern Reserve College. She Is
also ID member Of the Alpha
Kappa Alpha Sorority. and n
civic leader In the Detroit
community.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1938-02-05

Be sure to read the Detroit Tri'
bune. Michigan's fast growing
and popular weekly II Is circu'
lated in all parts OF the country
through paid subscriptions and OIL
news stands.