davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1938-06-14
Liberal Court.
From the Cleveland Plain Dealer.

From the Cleveland Plain Dealer.
The United States Supreme Court has
concluded its 1878 term, during which
1t has upheld the New Deal in virtually
every issue brought to its attention. Last
year President Roosevelt lost his fight
for legislation to revamp the court. This
year-including In the courts year"
the three final months of 1937-he has
seen 1t, in case after case, sustain ad-
ministration policy, frequently overruling
adverse decisions by lower Federal
tribunals.
This record prompts two reflections
Partlsans OF the President may declare
quite reasonably that while losing the
form he won the substance in his court
battle. On the other hand, those who
deplore the court fight can point to the
record as an indication that If Mr.. Roose-
velt had been q bit more patient, he
might have achieved his aims without
attacking the organization of the Ma
tion's highest tribunal.
In any event, the attitude of the court
has changed. And to most liberals,
whether or not they are consistent New
Dealers, the change is welcome. This
trend was discernible in the latter part
OF the 1867 term. It has been much
more marked in the term Just ended.
during which two Roosevelt-appointed
justices, Black and Reed, have shared
its work.
1t may be beyond the function or ca
pacity OF layman to appraise the legal
reasons for changing attitude, which
in some cases amounts to a definite
about-face. Nor does the approval of a.
law by the court necessarily mean that
the law is right. But the resulting sit
uatlon is accurately described by one OBJ
server who notes that for the first time
IN several decades. the Nations highest
tribunal is controlled by its liberal mem
bers, believers in broad judicial inter-
probation OF the Constitution"
AS 1t has worked out in the past term
the old Sd or 6-3 conservatiye-liberal
division which marked the court of two
years and more ago has become a TO
lineup with the liberals in the majority.
un many instances, because of Justice
Cardozos long illness, the division has
been to 3D. This means, of course. that
the liberals, Black and Reed, have re-
placed two retired conservatives, Van
Devanter and Sutherland. Justice Rob-
erts, the middle man" two years ago.
has shown an increasing tendency to
join his liberal colleagues, Brandeis and
Stone, as has also Chief Justice Hughes.
Ihls has left only Justices McReynolds
and Butler as consistent conservatives
They have been exactly that during the
past term. Up to mid-May Justice Nc
Reynolds had disagreed with. ma aioritv
views in u cases and Butler in 21. Jus
tlce Blacks dissents, which number Is.
have attracted more attention because
while often agreeing with the conclusion
OF his fellow liberals, he has expressed
vigorous opposition to several long-ac-
cepted judicial Standards
The net result of the years work of
this llberal-dominated tribunal has been
greatly to extend Federal governmental
powers in three major fields-public
utilities, labor relations and taxation.
Evening star., 1938-06-14

proposed by Mr.. Hazen, there is much
room for debate over which should be
constructed first and how they can be
financed. Mr.. Hazen concludes that $25,-
100000 Is needed, and suggests bond
issue, while Traffic Director Van Duzer
has proposed one-cent additional gasc-
line tax to carry any bonds authorized.
Many citizens will find both ideas un-
pleasant TO contemplate, but SO is the
prospect presented by the current traf1ic
congestion trend and by existing condi-
tions that moved the head of the local
government to call the city "piker."
Evening star., 1938-06-14

posted there as if they never had existed
Some OF these which for months and
even years may appear to have been for
gotten are Surcharged with such emo
tlonal content that an outlet is inevitable
and they will escape in the form of dis
gulsed and distorted dreams or through
pSychotlc and neurotic reactions"
RepresSed anxiety never lies dormant,
he explained, and if not released in
exaggerated emotional forms it may ap-
pear In the form of disturbances that
resemble actual organic disease In so far
as these reactions relieve the inner ten
sion they forestall an actual psychosis
or be the means Of escape from suicidal
impulses.
Chronic cystic mastitis, a disease of
the breast sometimes thought to be a
forerunner of cancer, may be due to dis
turbances in glands of internal secretion,
1t was reported by DR.. Dean Lewis OF
Johns Hopkins University.
This disease appears in diverse FORMS
he said. One form is characterized by
the formation of many cysts, or sacs
containing fluid. In another form tissue
changes result in the formation of small
nodules or Jumps, sometimes so or more
Investigators working with rats at
the Johns Hopkins laboratory have re-
Gently found, he reported. that admin
istration of remale sex hormones cause a
variety of similar changes. On the other
hand, when hormones which operate to
bring about conditions accompanying
pregnancy are given the nodules dis
appear. It has been frequently observed
that cases of this disease often are no.
tably improved after childbirth.
Thus, DR.. Lewis said, there is reason
to believe that the condition can be
treated successfully with ovarian hor-
mones. He insisted that statistics do
not bear out the impression that the dis
ease Is forerunner Of cancer.
Evening star., 1938-06-14
Shooting Stars.
By PHILANDER JOHNSON.
The Modern Gal.

An oratrix was billed to speak
Her modern measure at our town.
We men folks trembled for a week
At thought of her forbidding frown,
But just the same we gaily went
In our de-mothballed best arrayed
To listen to the argument
And show that we were not afraid.
That modern gal came out to talk,
Her style was dainty and serene;
True grace was present in her walk.
To sum it up, she was a queen.
We don't remember what she said
Her hair was like glorious wreath;
We liked to watch her shake her head
And smile and show her pretty teeth.
The general tone of her address
Was reassuring, kind and pat.
The men folks would be grumbling less
If all the girls would talk like that.
And at the finish did we cheer?
We simply rent the roof in two
And yelled with sentiment sincere
Lead on, and we will follow you'll"
Evening star., 1938-06-14
Showdown at Prague.

President Benes of Czechoslovakia is
expected today to initiate negotiations
with Konrad Henlein's Sudeten German
Nazis designed either to pave the way
to settlement of their demands for
autonomy or disclose that these cannot
be appeased without resort to war. For
the past three Sundays in succession
Czechoslovakia has been the scene of
democratic elections for municipal Offices.
Although the critical national issue
raised by the Sudetens-local autonomy
within the republic or a form of inde-
pendence which sooner or later would
mean annexation by Germany-was not
at stake, the communal pollings gave
untrammeled opportunity to the Hen
lein- Hitler element to signalize and
symbolic their unity and Nazi-minded-
ness. No barriers were placed in the way
of the 3,500,000 citizens who inhabit the
preponderantly German border regions.
The result, as expected, was an over
whelming registration of solidarity"
vote in many districts. In other parts
of the country, where Czechs or Slovaks
predominant, evidence of loyalty to an
indivisible republic was Forthcoming in
proportions no less impressive.
DR.. Benes and his sturdy coadjutors-
Premier Hodza and Foreign Minister
Krofta-fortified in their position, and
having vastly enhanced their country's
prestige both at home and abroad by
last months show of force in response
to Nazi armed threats across the Czecho-
slovak border, are apparently ready now
for a showdown with Hitler and his
Charley Mccarthy. Henlein. To that
end, new nationality statute will be
submitted to Parliament It makes far
reaching concessions to Sudeten ma
tionalistic longings, but resolutely stops
short of widening them to the point of
separating Nazi Czechoslovaka from the
rest OF the Union. Autonomy" attempts
of that hue will constitute secession.
They would be suppressed by force as
acts of civil war; whether Henlein and
his cohorts fought alone, or a la Franco
with the aid of theological" allies across
the Bavarian- Saxon Austrian frontiers.
In France on Sunday Premier Daladier
took opportunity to reaffirm French
readiness to mobilize and give the
Czechoslovaks armed support in case of
German attack. At almost the same
moment former Foreign Secretary Eden,
breaking silence for the first time since
he left the Chamberlain cabinet in Feb
ruary, renewed his attack on the un-
wisdom of any British concessions to
violence"
Despite many indications that the
Czechs' firmness and military prepared
ness, plus signs of Anglo-French will
tngness to assist them, have visibly
chastened Hitler's lust for war, most
European chancellories think that Ger
many, snakelike, has only recoiled for
the purpose of striking later in the year,
when both her harvest and military con-
ditions and more favorable Fascist war
fortunes in Spain and China, would
make campaign in Central Europe less
Of gamble.
Evening star., 1938-06-14
Cause to Rejoice.

washington has cause to rejoice today
that Congress, in its rush to complete
urgent national legislation and adjourn,
took time out to pass two of the most i'm
portant local bills to claim its attention
at this session-the District p. w. A..
loan measure and the alley dwelling law
amendments.
Both measures are designed to enable
Federal agencies to cooperate with the
Nations Capital, as they are doing with
other cities, in financing worthy prof.
ects that will serve the dual purpose Of
relieving unemployment and at the same
time provide permanent civic improve
ments.
The merit in the bills was beyond
question. Nevertheless, with adjourn
ment SO near, they might have been
swept away by the tide of last-minute
business. For that reason, commenda-
tion is due Representative Palmisano of
Maryland, Senator King of Utah and
other members of the two District Com
mittees for moving these measures safely
through the last-minute jam.
The p. w. A. bill authorizes the Com
missioners to apply for needed municipal
buildings, up to limit of $18,150, ,0OO on
the same ratio of As per cent grant, SIS
per cent loan, available to all other
cities. Washington for several years has
been required to repay 10 per cent of its
P. w. A. allotments and at the rate Of
100000 year, under a special act Of
Congress. The new bill gives the city
twenty-five years to repay the loan por-
ton of the cost of its projects,
The other bill will make it possible for
the Alley Dwelling Authority to obtain
loans from the U. S. Housing Authority
and reimbursable advances from the
Treasury to push ahead more rapidly the
excellent job 1t is already doing with
limited funds in rebuilding the inhabited
alleys. Some of these alleys are in areas
not well suited for new housing de-
velopment. The bill is broad enough to
permit the new housing units to be To-
Gated elsewhere as well as in the squares
in which the alleys exist.
Great strides in the improvement of
the National Capital are possible under
these two pieces of legislation. Only
the signature Of President Roosevelt is
needed to make them laws.
Evening star., 1938-06-14
The War That Will Not End.

from the New York Herald Tribune
When Gen. Franco in a radio address
on April 10 declared that the Spanish
war was Won there were few to dispute
him. His troops had reached the Medi-
terranean at Vinaroz four days before
LoyaIlst Spain was severed, some of it's
best units were shattered and the re-
malnder were apparently without ability
to stay the Nationalist advance Perhans
not many would care to dispute Gen.
Franco even today. Yet one notes al
most with surprise that it is now over a
month since the radio address was made.
and there has been no decisive change in
the situation since then.
1t took Franco only about two weeks
In February to free the Teruel road and
recapture Teruel itself. The great mo-
torlzed offensive opened on March 9
crumbled the whole Aragon front in a
lew days, and within month had swept
all the way from Huesca and the neigh
borhood OF Saragossa to Tremp to Lerida
and to the gateway of the coast range at
Gandesa. But to reach the coast took
week or more; in the meanwhile the
Loyallsts had stabilized their whole line
from the sea to the French border in
strong defensive positions, and Franco
turned away from Barcelona to drive
southwark. In the month of fighting
since then he has pinched out the Loyal
lst salient between Teruel and the coast
and has continued to win local successes
but ne has failed to destroy Loyalist re-
slstance, and the great impetus seems to
have been lost
The greater difficulty of the terrain, the
more CONSTRUCTED front, lessening the op-
portun1ties for the swift flanking ma
neuvers that have been so conspicuous in
nationalist tactics, and the bad weather,
which has reduced the advantages of air
and mechanical superiority, have doubt
less contributed to this slowing up. Per-
haps Franco still has the power to re-
sumo at the former pace with the coming
OF better conditions. All the same, one
can't quite forget the great German
western front offensives in 1918, which
began so brilliantly, but, failing to de-
stroy the Allied armies, overreached
themselves in the end. The Loyalist
armies are still in being; if, moreover,
they could regain the offensive the Ma
tionalists might find themselves in a
dangerous position.
1t is under these circumstances that
fresh streams of armament are said to be
pouring in from France to the Loyalist
side, while answering flights of fresh air.
planes are repeatedly observed to be ar
irving from Italy. So it is possible that
the war is not over after all; that it will
drag on to bring new competitive inter-
ventions from abroad, and that the long
drawn agony OF Spain will continue to
feed still more powerful poisons into the
European body polite.
Evening star., 1938-06-14
Washington a sPiker.'

Washingtonians who have motored
around New York City cannot help
agreeing with Commissioner Melvin c.
Hazen in his conclusion that the District
OF Columbia has been "piker" in traffic
control expenditures. The suggestions
he has made upon his return from an in
spection of what has been done to al
leviate conditions in the metropolis are
worthy of careful consideration.
There can be little dispute over the
desirability of the many projects being
planned by Mr.. Hazen and his associates,
such as bridge over the Potomac from
Alexandria to Shepherds Landing, by
passes around the eastern section of the
city and in Georgetown, grade elimina-
ton structures and dual highways
Perhaps the most striking indication
OF Washington's failure to keep up with
other large Eastern cities is the lack of
an adequate bypass for through truck
and passenger traffic. Mr.. Hazen enyi-
sions the Potomac span as key structure
in bypass that would skirt the SOUTH
eastern and northeastern sections of the
city-a proposal which would require the
cooperation of Maryland and Virginia.
Those States as well as the Federal Gov
ernment might logically be called upon
to share the cost of the span with the
District.
In addition to Mr.. Hazen's bridge and
bypass plans, local authorities are con-
templating numerous other proposals of
merit-grade separation structures at
Fourteenth and Water streets S.W., New
York and Florida avenues NE, Thir-
teenth street and Florida avenue NV,
and in Rock Greek Park; new roadways
through Rock Creek and Potomac Park
ways. and several widening and tunnel
ling projects.
AS aptly pointed out by Capt. H. c.
Whitehurst, director of highways, prop
erly designed grade separation structures
add materially to the beauty of section
as well as solving trafac problem.
While there probably will be little de-
bate on the desirability Of the plans
Evening star., 1938-06-14
STARS, MEN AND ATOMS
Notebook of Science Progress in Field,
Laboratory and Study.
BY THOMAS r. HENRY.

The American Medical Association,
meeting in San Francisco yesterday,
gave a qualified Endorsement to spinach
and at the same time condemned shot
gun doses" of vitamins.
Spinach, it was reported by the asso-
cations Council on Foods, after an ex-
haustive study, is wholesome and valu-
able food, rich source of vitamin A,
a medium source of vitamin G, and a
contributor Of iron and roughage to the
diet. The evidence showed, however,
that the iron is not digestible in suffi-
cient amounts by infants and that the
calcium content cannot be utilized.
The council found that adding vitamin
D to cereals was pure nonsense and that
dextrose, one form of sugar much ad-
vertised for children, had no special
advantages over other carbohydrates as
food.
The practice Of packing all the vita
Minis in one pill was characterized as "an
insult to the intelligence of the American
people"
Air-conditioning of homes and office
buildings received quite qualified in
dorsement from a special committee
Wy C1lC dScONldClOll W oGuUy GllS
problem from the medical point of view
Commercial installations, the committee
decided, may be injurious to health
principally because Of too great differ
enceS between the outside air and the
ratus.
A trend for the better is apparent, the
committee found, and reported that the
conditioning companies themselves
may be depended upon to make the
necessary changes.
A growing practice Of renting radium
to doctors for use in cancer treatments
was condemned. The stuff is too power
full, the council decided, to be entrusted
indiscriminately in the hands of ply
sicians who may not be especially trained
in its use. Patients needing radium
treatments, it was concluded, should 60
to some center where it can be given
by skilled men.
The council also condemned members
of the medical profession who cooperate
with medical cultiStS, such as naturopathS
or chiropractors. This Is allowable, 1t
was concluded, only in cases of emer-
gency when the cult doctor throws up
his hands and asks for help. Voluntary
cooperation at other times is simply
assisting the other fellow Ito establish
himself as competent and with the same
basis Of medical knowledge as a doctor
of medicine"
Every normal person is little bit crazy
and every crazy person is a little bit
sane, according to paper presented yes
terday by DR.. William E. Gardner Of
Louisville.
DR.. Gardner defined the term "psy-
choneuroses," meaning those conditions
which are just on the borderline Of
definite insanity, as conditions in which
a person reacts to an unhappy or threat
ening situation by symptoms based on
instinct rather than reason. These symp-
toms are manifested in reactions differ
ent from those Of the rest Of the popula-
ton who, able to face similar situations
more frankly, behave normally"
I'm our effort to escape the painful
and still preserve our self esteem" DR..
Gardner said, many unhappy inner ex-
periences are sometimes relegated to
the realm Of thA unconscious and de-.
Evening star., 1938-06-14
UNDERWOOD ST.

-
Dear Sir: I have been reading This
and That for long time, and have been
interested in your articles on birds.
ent problem.
"Ten days ago, after a series Of heavy
rains, the robins nest in my neighbor's
know that the best thing to do is let the
parents care for their young, but we
have a number of cats in the neighbor-
hood, and against my better Judgment T
brought the one that came to our yard
in out Of the rain. Two days later we
found the feathers OF one Of the others.
I do hope the parents saved the other
baby.
Il put my baby in an empty 8-gallon
aquarium covered with piece of broken
glass and there he has been ever since.
His diet has been Strawberries, bananas,
worms, and a bit Of raw hamburger when
worms were scarce.
~ 4
He has thrived and grown into quite a
bird. His tail, which hardly showed at
all, is now over inches long, and he is
full feathered.
II will have to keep him a few days
longer until he can fly, because l let him
have the freedom Of the kitchen today
and was amazed that such capable -ap-
pearing wings were Of SO little use.
This is my problem. Where do you
think will be the best place to free him?
He is quite tame, and flies to me instead
of away from me, landing on my head
or hand or dress and then sits there
contentedly twittering.
HE seems happy to sit in my hand
and doesn't want to fly. I worry about
what will happen to him when he is on
his own.
He can pick up worms and eat them,
but prefers to be fed.
Have I done a wrong instead Of a
kindness?
with no mother to show him how to
find worms and teach him about the
dangers that surround a young bird,
added to this touching trust he has in
people apparently what chance has he?
OF course he Is only little robin, but
after 10 days Of constant care he has be-
come quite important to me. Because
of the difficulty of obtaining worms I
can't keep him indefinitely and 1 have
found no adequate substitute
IF you have time to give this matter
any attention I would greatly appre-
ciate it. Sincerely, D. D."
*+A
This is a problem which faces an
astonishingly large number of kind
hearted persons.
1t seems that young robins are always
falling out of trees. and being rescued,
and creating problem as to the best
thing to be done with them.
Not only are they difficult to feed-al-
though hamburger is liked by most robin
babies-but above all they bring up the
perplexing problem of their disposal
What shall be done with the fluffy bit
OF life to which one has become very at
tached in a few days?
The robin is notorious builder of poor
nests.
1t seems to select the worst possible
place to build, then to construct the nest
so loosely that it often blows away at
the first heavy rainstorm.
4
There are the young robins in the
yard, exposed to the assaults of their
natural enemies.
II they are not able to fly, the parents
have no method of getting them back