Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1938-03-10
|PAN,AMER|CAP PLAN
BACKS SANCTIONS
Proposal to Create League
in Hemisphere Offers
Aggressor Check
BY CRESTON b. MULLINS.

Aggressor Check
BY CRESTON b. MULLINS.
Aggressors in the Western Hemis-
phere would be quarantined under
sanctions proposed to enforce the
covenant of an American Association
Of Nations submitted In draft form
to the Pan-American Union early
this month.
The text of the joint Colombian
Dominican Republic project was
made public yesterday by the govern
ing board of the Union in adopting
the agenda for the Eighth Inter-
American Conference at Lima, Peru,
next December.
The two governments, acting on
resolution Of the Buenos Aires Peace
Conference, combined in single draft
projects for an American league which
they submitted at Buenos Aires
Is months ago. The subject has
been included in the agenda for the
Lima conference.
Designates Aggressor.
Although collective military action
and maritime blockade against agrees
sors by the members of the association
is noticeably absent, the draft treaty
does provide that II any member of
the association should make an at
tempt in any form against the ter
ritorial integrity of one Or more men,
bers," or resort to the use of force
for the purpose Of settling any in
ternational conflict" the Pan-Ameri-
can Congress shall designate the ag-
gressor and apply all or some of the
following sanctions:
Withdrawal Of chiefs Of diplomatic
missions;
Rupture Of diplomatic relations:
Rupture Of consular relations;
Rupture Of postal, Geographic, tele-
phonic, and radio-telephonic rela-
tons;
Stopping Of all commercial expor-
tations to and importations from the
aggressor country;
Prohibition of all market Quota
tons Of the money and securities of
the aggreSsor state;
Embargo Of all ships and cargoes
destined 70 the aggressor state or to
its nationals, which are found in the
ports OF the other members Of the
association.
The aggressor is defined as any State
| which may be responsible for one or
several Of the following acts:
Improper crossing by armed forces
OF the land, maritime, or air from
tiers of other states. This act covers
the invasion of a state by irregular
bands supported directly or indirectly
by another state;
intervention in a unilateral and
illegal manner in the internal or ex-
ternal affairs of another state;
Refusal to comply with a legally
given arbitral decision or sentence
OF international justice.
Although the members of the as
ISOLATION would be required to de-
nounce treaties which are incom-
patible In any degree with the stipu-
lations Of the American League cove
nant, "a bond of regular and per-
manent collaboration" would be es-
tablished by mutual agreement with
the League of Nations at Geneva.
Reciprocal Pledges.
|. Other provisions of the draft treaty
recognize tho Jurisdiction Of the
World Court over members of the
American association, obligate them
to employ exclusively The procedure
Of investigation, eonciliiation, arbi-
tration and international. justice in
setting all international conflicts. and
pledges them reciproca!ly to guar
antee the respect ior their present
territorial integrity and for their DO
litical independence"
Important for the United States is
the remuneration of neutrality in con-
nectlon with all wars Of aggression
and the obligation of all member
states to make common and SOLITARY
cause with tie victim of aggression.
once the congress has determined the
aggressor.
The agenda Of the Lima conference.
which goes now to the various gov
ernments for approval, includes three
other subjects for the organization of
peace: An inter-Americau court, CO.
ordination Of inter-American peace
instruments, and declaration against
recognition Of acquisition of territory
by force.
Other matters for consideration
have been grouped undec the follow
ing headings:
International law codification.
recognition Of belligerency, national
ity OF juristic persons, uniformity and
perfection of methods of drafting
multilateral treaties and means to IA
cilitate ratification. and uniformity
OF principles that govern acquisition
OF territorial sovereignty.
Economic problems - commercial
policy, Pan-American highway and
other communication facilities, uni
formlty OF commercial and civil lsw,
immigration, and creation of An inter-
American Institute of Economics and
Finance.
Women's Rights Included.
Political and civil rights of women.
Social problems Of la
Dor legislation and the status of In
dian and rural populations.
Intellectual cooperation and moral
observation-disclosures of promotion,
project of convention on intellectual
property and conservation and pres
ervation Of natural regions ard his
toric sites.
Pan-American and international
conferences of American States
functions and cooperation with
other international entities, and fu-
ture conferences.
Reports-status of treaties and
conventions signed at previous con-
faronnAc onA ros,lfe ~