davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1938-08-21
New Theory of Evolution Seen;
Is at Variance With Dar,vin's
Changes From Inside Rather Thar,
From Environment Indicated-May
Cause Extinction of Races.

in nature comparable to those brought
about by the use of X-rays on fruit
flies in laboratories, producing new
forms, rare instances of which are
better suited to cope with changing
conditions.
The evidence OF something more, ac-
cording to paper presented by Prof.
A. E. Trueman, Cambridge biologist,
comes from psychologists studying
lines OF plant and animal life which
have endured for scores of millions
of years and then. sometimes quite
abruptly. have become extinct. With
the whole picture of the life of a
race at hand, there are numerous cases
in which type can be seen evolving
steadily in certain direction in op-
position to the pressure of nature
from the outside.
Complete histories available to SCI
ence are such creatures as the crab
like trilobites, who lived approximately
500000,000 years ago and were the
tSee SCIENTISTS, Page A-6)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1938-08-21
TYD|NCS ANSWERS
NEW DEAL TONIGHT
Every Broadcast Station in
State to Carry Speech.
Lewis to Reply.

New repercuSsions from President
Roosevelt's purge" campaign against
anti-New Deal Democrats are expected
on the political front this week. begin
ming with a radio broadside this
evening by Senator Tydings, Demo-
GRAFT, of Maryland.
The Maryland Senator, whose oppo-
nent in the primary race for the SEN
atorial nomination, Representative
Lewis, has received spoken approval
Of the President. has engaged every
radio sta ton in his State and WRC in
this city to broadcast his reply to
Mr. Roosevelt. The address. entitled
Recent Developments in My Cam
paign in Maryland will 60 on the
air at $50 pm.
Representative Lewis will broa dcast
a reply to his opponent from $50 to
10 pm
Representative OConnor. Democrat
OF New York, who, like Senator Tyd
lngs, was named in the President
purge" statement at last weeks press
conference, already has made response
over the radio, and Senator George,
Democrat, of Georgia, placed on the
blacklist" during the presidential
march through Georgia" recently
also has accepted the challenge"
Warning Follows Dunlap Custer.
The Georgia situation, inciden-
tally, continued to attract national
attention, due largely to the forced
resignation from the Reconstruction
Finance Corp. of Edgar B. Dunlap
one OF its attorneys. for his campaign
activities in behalf of Senator George,
On the heels of the Dunlap resigna
ton came general warning from the
r. F. c. yesterday against political
activity by any of its employees.
Jesse H. Jones, chairman of the
r. F. c. Board, in a letter to all
managers of r. F. c. loan agencies.
declared the organization is "bi-par-
tisan." Employees. regardless of their
politics, he said, should take no part
in the coming primaries or the fall
elections aside from voting their
convictions"
This applies to candidates seeking
nomination by the same political
party, as we'll as to nominees opposing
each other in the general elections. ~
the letter said.
Mississippi Votes Tuesday.
Among remaining primaries holding
public interest are those in Mississippi
next Tuesday. in which no Senator
ships are involved; in California
August 30, when Senator McAdoo will
seek denomination; in South Carolina
on August 80, when Senator Smith
will be up for denomination; in Mary
land on September r. when the
LeWis-Tydings battle will reach its
climax; in Georgia on September IA,
when Senator George opposes Dis
trict Attorney Lawrence Camp for
the senatorial nomination, and in New
York on September 20, when the out
come of Representative O'Connor's
battle against the odds of presidential
diSfavor will be settled. Two sena-
torial nominees also will be chosen in
New York.
The extent TO which Senator Tyd-
inss will 60 in answering the Presi-
dents joint criticism of him and Rep
resentative OConnor for their voting
records on New Deal legislation has
been a matter of speculation among
political observers because Senator
Radcliffe. his fellow Marylander in
(See PURGE, Page A-6)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1938-08-21
MAN SHOT TO DEATH
ENTERING HIS HOME.
Victim Is Said to Have Been
Mistaken for Burglar Went
in by Window.

Said to have been mistaken for
burglar, Andrew Mcdowell. 80. colored.
was shot to death early today in or
near his home at IS Myrtle street
N. T.. Police were told he was seen
to enter the premises through a win
dow shortly before the shooting
started.
Howard Royal, "a, colored. same ad-
dress, was held for questioning. It
was said that six shots were fired
at Mcdowell from SO caliber revol-
yer. The man was pronounced dead
shortly after arrival at Casualty
Hospital.
One version Of the shooting was
that Mcdowell was seen to enter a
ground floor room and to 90 from
the building into an area way before
An occupant Of the house began to
fire at him.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1938-08-21
DICTATOR ASKED
FORAUT0UN|ON
insurgents Foes of Martin,
Call or Lewis to Name
Administrator.
BY TIE Associated Press.

BY ire Associated Press.
DETROIT. Aug 20.-A few hours
after President Homer Martin under
took to consolidate his position in the
United Automobile Workers OF Amer
lea 4 meeting OF the opposition faction
adopted tonight a resolution asking
John L. Lewis to appoint an admins
trative director for the internationa
union.
The action by the rebels" meeting
in Toledo at the call Of four interna-
tional officers who were expelled
recently. virtually would place the
U. A. w. under a dictator designa ted
by and responsible to the chairman
Of the Committee for Industrial Or
ganization.
Fears for Union.
Wyndham Mortimer, one Of the
deposed officers, in urging adoption
OF the resolution. said unless We have
an administrator this union will be
dead before the next convention, :"
which is scheduled for August. 1899
BY the time the opposition gathering
in Toledo had begun to consider reso-
iutions some persons who had at
tended an earlier meeting in Detroit
called by Mr.. Martin had reached the
Ohio city. Mr.. Martins session ad-
Journed several hours sooner than had
been expected.
constructive Meeting" Says Martin.
Mr.. Martin said the meeting here
was one Of the most constructive in
the history of the union" and that
there was no factionalism" Some
leaders of the opposition, he said, at
tended the meeting of officers from los
Michigan locals
The principal action Of the admin
istration forces was to adopt resolu-
tons calling for organization of the
aircraft industry. with the ultimate
goal of closed shop; intensification OF
the drive to organize Ford Motor Co.
workers and those in automotive plants
competing with ones having U. A. w.
contracts. and Endorsement OF Gov.
Frank Murphy Of Michigan for re-
election.
The Martinites also favored contin-
uation Of the drive to organize w. P.
A. workers, and called upon locals to
institute "modernized financial sys-
TENS" and curtail expenses SO that re-
serves for future emergencies can
be built up.
REBELS CLAIM LEWIS AID,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1938-08-21
Ey the Associated Press.

Z the ASSOClAte0 fTeSS.
. LOS ANGELES, Aug. 20.-Repre-
sentative Jerry O'Connell, Democrat,
Of Montana told the California Com
mittee for Industrial Organization
Convention today he hoped the day
would come when we will appropriate
the oil industry in this country also"
He made the statement In = speech
after Guillermo Ybarra Of the Confed-
Grafton Of Mexican Workers had de-
clared his governments appropriation
Of foreign oil holdings expressed q will
to liberate the working classes Of
Mexico"
ION and the other natural resources
were not placed here for the benefit
Of the Rockefellers and Morgans." Rep
resentative O'Connell said. Instead.
they ought to be used for the best good
Of the common people"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1938-08-21
INSURGENTS SHIFT
COUNTER-DR|VE AS
ONE ATTACK FAILS
so Tanks and 100 Planes
Back Franco Infantry
North of Gandesa.
OFFENSIVE is STOPPED
IN PANDOS MOUNTAINS
Rebels Focus Assault on Villaba
de los Arcos-Change Little
in Week of Fighting.
BACKGROUND

BACKGROUND
Course OF Spanish ciuh War, APP
pdrently near end, Das altered seD-
eral weeks ago bv Loyaltst offensive
across Ebro and Segre Riuers on
Cdtdlonidn front. At about same
time rebels opened attack in South
Destern Spain, but it has reached
stalemate in face of strong Loydlist
resistance. Rebels haze not re-
gained territory lost to Loyalists in
Eastern Spain.
81 the Associated Press.
HENDAYE, France. Aug. 20.-The
Spanish insurgent command today
focused its Ebro River counter of1en-
sive on Villalba de los Arcos hoping
that it was the weak spot in the gov
ernment's South Catalonia line.
Fifty tanks and 100 planes support
ed by furiously attacking infantry
pounded at the town. now little more
than a mass OF debris scanned with
trenches, about S miles north of
Gandesa.
The attack was shifted to the north
Of Gandesa after insurgent failure to
break through the government line in
the Pandos Mountains on Gandesa' S
south.
Seven Rebel Ships Downed.
A government air feet was reported
to have surprised an insurgent squad
ron today over the Ebro valley. Dis
patches from Barcelona said seven
new Insurgent craft were shot down
and that all government planes re-
turned to their base.
Government advices this morning
was not single foot" of ground
had been yielded to the north of Can
desa where the government had seized
positions In fierce counter conquest
Of July rs.
Insurgent dispatches said hundreds
OF government soldiers had been killed
and much material captured, but made
no mention OF other gains.
At the end OF one Of the most active
weeks OF fighting in months, Spanish
war fronts had been little altered
Several of the Pandos hills, south of
Gandesa, changed hands but the gov
eminent held its foothold west OF the
Ebro River.
Mine Area Drive Stopped.
Much the same thing was true Of
the Segre River front. about so miles
north of Gandesa Even the strong
insurgent offensive in Southern Spain
against the Almaden mercury mining
region had been stopped
The government counterattacked
on the Almaden front and at the
close of the week the insurgents had
been thrown back to point IS miles
from the Almaden mines.
Two British officers investigating to
determine whether insurgent air at
tacks on the eastern coast were di-
rected at civilians or military objec-
tives were caught in the thick of two
attacks
Col. Ruscombe Smyth-Pigott and an
aide flew from Toulouse, France, to
Barcelona on a survey trip and were
there when the government capital
was bombed yesterday. They no SOON
er had arrived at Alicante today when
that city was bombed.
The two investigators took shelter
In an air raid refuge, while six planes
dumped so bombs. There were no
casualties.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1938-08-21
Rep. OConneU Voices Hope
U.S.. Will Seize Oil Lands

The Montanan referred to the Dies
Investigating Committee, now holding
hearings in Washington, rs the Dies
Lies Committee" and praised Harry
Bridges, Western regional director Of
the c. I. o. This committee has heard
testimony intended to show that Mr..
Bridges was an active Communist,
which Mr.. Bridges denied.
Mr.. Bridges himself told the con-
vention:
I'VE have no use for those who re-
sort to Red-baiting when they can't
supply logical argument. on 4 ques-
ton"
John Brophy. national director Of
the G. I. O., declared II the organiza-
ton IL Communistic, then every pro-
gressive Democratic organization that
has ever existed in this country Is
Communistic."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1938-08-21
M0UNTAINEERS SEE
FIRST TALKING MOVIES
Carolina Theater Host to Large
Crowd of Blue Ridge
Dwellers.
Ply the Associated Press.

~ Inc Associated Press.
BLOWING ROCK. N. c.. Aug. 90
THE first timers" in
years, few old-timers-came down
out Of the Blue Ridge Mountains to-
night to see motion picture that talks
They came by invitation only, and
before an invitation was issued, the
prospective recipient had to sign an
afidavit that he had never in his life
seen a talking motion picture.
They damned the village theater for
the performance of the picture
Spawn Of the North" advertised As
its world premier. First they were
served with supper, on the municipal
lawn,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1938-08-21
REBELS CLAIM LEWIS AID.
Mortimer Says C. /. O. Chief to Speak
Out for Insurgents.'

Out IOF 1nSuTScntS.
TOLEDO, Ohio, Aug. 20 (R).-Wynd-
ham Mortimer, expelled vice president
Of the United Auto Workers Union,
declared today that John L. Lewis
would give his support to the lin
surgent" bloc OF the union.
Mr.. Mortimer, swho conferred this
week in Washington with the c. I. O.
chairman, addressed = convention
here OF 1000 delegates, who said they
represented "a, 900 U. A. w. members
opposed to the union purge" in which
President Homer Martin expelled Mr..
Mortimer and other oficers
You can rest assured Mr.. Lewis is
going to speak, and when he speaks
I think this thing is going to be Just
about over" Mr.. Mortimer said.
I'VE have taken no steps in this
controversy without first consulting the
C. I. o. and you can rest assured that
at the proper time the C. I. o. will
give US the guiding hand we need"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1938-08-21
W. p. A. Workers
Asked for $4,000
To Elect Friends
Ply the Associated Press.

fS the Associated Press.
NEW YORK. Aug. 20.-The
Workers Alliance, an organization
OF w. P. A. workers and relief
recipients, tonight announced a
campaign to raise $4,000 to elect
legislators pledged to expansion
Of the w. p. A., higher w. P. A.
wages and bigger relief allowances.
I'VE intend to 60 straight to
the w. p. A. workers themselves
for the money! the alliance
executive board said.
The organization urged support
Of the American labor party as
the best way Of accomplishing
their aims, and demanded the de-
feat of Representative John J.
O'Connor. Democrat on President
Roosevelt's purge list.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1938-08-21
CHISEL IN HIS HEAD.
MAN HELD SUICIDE
But Police Unable to Decide
Whether Carpenter Could
Have Killed Self,
y the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
RALEIGH. N. c., Aug. 2o.-Police
debated tonight whether 1t was phys
ically possible for a man to kill him.
self by driving a chisel into his head.
Their problem arose when the body
OF w. G. OConnell, 81, unemployed
carpenter. was found in a small
woodshed near his home at Cary.
Driven three and one-half inches in
to the top Of his head was a chisel
Nearby lay a small Ratchet, which
Sheriff Numa +. Turner said appar.
emily had been used to drive the
chieel.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1938-08-21
Submarine Launched.

GROTON, Conn.,, Aug. 20 tR.-No.
IL in a series of submarines being
built for the United States Navy, the
black-hulled <Saury slid smoothly down
the Electric Boat Co.'S ways late to-
day for her maiden dip in New London
HarbOr
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1938-08-21

Alfred Landon, defeated
presidential candidate, thinks
IT over and decides that he
is Just as we'll satisfied. His
first article-three others will
1ollow-appears today on page
one OF the Editorial Section.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1938-08-21
East Washington

William T. Partridge, con-
sulting architect, National
Capitol Park and Planning
Commission, writes the second
IN his series of Sunday Star
articles on the proposed treat
ment Of East Capitol street.
Page AT.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1938-08-21
POPE VIEWS SOUGHT
Progressives Sound Sentiment for
Place on Ticket.

TIACS on T1CKeL.
BOISE, Idaho, Aug. 20 P.-M. l.
Alsup, executive secretary Of the Idaho
Progressive Association, said today his
organization was sounding out senti-
ment on . proposal to offer place
on its ticket to Senator James p. Pope.
Senator Pope. q New Deal stalwart,
was defeated in the Idaho primary
for the Democratic denomination by
Representative d. Worth Clark, self
styled conservative.
The Progressive Association IL linked
with the national party launched BY
the Wisconsin La Follettes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1938-08-21

Total -------------$3 7 ,929, 1858 O3
The board found that the "histori-
cal' cost Of the two branches of the
Water Department for properties used
(See WATER, Page A-5.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1938-08-21

Radio Programs, Page F-3.
Complete Index, Page Az
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1938-08-21
The Landon Series

See UN-AMERICAN. Page A-3)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1938-08-21

(See PURGE, Page A-6.)
Evening star., 1938-03-27
Chapter Celebrates
Anniversary.

The Col James Mccall Chapter, D.
A. r., will hold a tea this afternoon
In celebration of the 23d anniversary
Of the founding of the chapter at the
home Of their regent, Mrs. Claude
Allen Cook. in Silver Springs, Md. In
the receiving line will be Mrs. Claude
Allen Cook. regent; Mrs. Ella Marcus
Bull, founder; Miss Catherine j. Hill,
vice regent; Miss Ophelia Kerley.
chaplain: Mrs. Margaret Linn Woolf
recording secretary; Mrs. John H.
Nicholson corresponding secretary:
| Mrs. Joseph S. Lemmo, treasurer, and
Mrs. Warren S. Shantz, registrar. Mrs.
John F. Little, Miss Sarah w. john
ston, Mrs. Paul Wuttke, Mrs H. c,
Linn. Mrs. Flora E. Ballard and Mrs.
Flora B. Miller will preside at the
tea table. The other members of the
chapter will assist throughout the
afternoon. The Misses Nancy Lee
shantz, Dolly sapp, Joan Keagle and
Jeanne Nicholson, young daughters of
some of the members will attend the
door and help to serve.
The musical entertainment will be
furnished by Miss Maxwell Galloway
one OF the chapter members: and Miss
Margaret. Miller, who will sing and
play.
Evening star., 1938-03-27
Miss Elizabeth Rees
Feted at Parties.

Miss Elizabeth Ann Rees of Clar-
endon, who will be married April is
to Mr.. Ross Sterling Shearer Of Texas
Is the guest in whose honor many
parties are being given.
Yesterday afternoon she was the
guest in whose honor Miss EVELYN
Kerr and Miss Marion Boyle of WASH
ington entertained at a bridge tea.
The party was held at the home of
Miss Boyle in Takoma Park and the
guests were mostly former classmates
OF the bride-elect at George Washing
ton University, OF which she Is an
alumna.
Friday Mrs. Walter P. Hudeins,
sister-in-law Of the bridegroom ELECT
gave an evening bridge party at her
apartment In the Buckingham Com
munity for Miss Rees, to which several
out-of-town guests were invited
Among these were the Misses Olivits
and Lenore Thomas of Remington,
Va; Miss Eleanor Studebaker OF
Luray. Miss Mary Jess Richmond OF
Jonesville, Va; Miss Kathryn Fire
baugh Of Harrisonburg, all Of whom
reside In Arlington during the school
session.
Friday Mrs. J. H. Criswell and her
daughter, DR.. Marion Criswell, re-
Gently retkrned from China, enter
tanned at luncheon for the popular
bride-elect.
Evening star., 1938-03-27
Alexandrians
Make.Hones
Tour Plans
16 Historic Houses
Will Be Opened
To the Public.
LEXANDRIA residents wi

A LEXANDRIA residents will
n shortly open Is old and his
~ toric houses to the pubic.
4 a Saturday, April 16, from II to
5 o'clock. the Alexandria Association
will sponsor its annual tour. Tickets
may be purchased at the A. A. A. in
Washington, the George Mason Hotel
IN Alexandria, or at the first house
visited. Tea will be served free Of
charge to the patrons Of the tour at
the famous hostelry, Gadsby's Tavern,
from to o'clock.
An attractive program with an 18th
century cover design and map show
ing the route Of the tour Is the work
Of Mr.. William Woodville, who de-
signed and gave to the Alexandria
Association the posters used as ad-
vertisements for the tour as we'll as
the program covers.
Many interesting houses will be
shown this year. Several never be-
fore opened to the public. Among
them Is the house at 428 North Wash
ington street, the home of Mr.. and
Mrs. Franklin Korell. The best type
OF 18th century town mansion, it con-
tains much virgin woodwork and the
best collection of ancient locks and
latcheS in Alexandria. It was built
by Edmond I. Lee in 1871 as his town
house. 1t Is furnished throughout
with old family furniture. The wood
work in the dining room is from the
Jerome Bonaporte house. The door
OF this home is original and a per-
feet example Of Georgian architecture
Another house to be opened is that
OF Mr.. and Mrs. Richard Royal Baker
at lis South st. Asaph street. The
house was conveyed to Peter Wise in
l779.
Maj and Mrs Herbert E. Marsh
burn. will open their house OF 209-ll
North Fairfax street. This property
was purchased at the first auction Of
lots in 1749 by John Dalton. 1t is
included expressly for visiting archi-
tects. There is unique Adams
loggia in the rear and an English wine
cellar in the basement.
Miss Blondell Malone will open her
studio. The house was built by An
drew Wales about ITO. 1t contains
much original woodwork.
Mrs. w. B. McGroarty will open
her home at 1872 South Fairfax
street. which was also built about
1880, probably by Jonah Thompson.
Evening star., 1938-03-27
| Brilliant Audience
To Attend Concert
Wednesday.

THE National Symphony Orchestra's s
final concert in the midweek Sc
ries Of the 1878 season, scheduled
for Wednesday night at $50 o'clock,
in Constitution Hall, is expected to at
tract large audience that will include
a representation of leaders Of the dip
lomatic corps and in residential and
artistic circles.
DR.. Hans Kinder, regular conductor
Of the National Symphony, which re-
turns today from its second Southern
tour Of the present season, will con-
duct Wednesdays concert, and Rich
ard Crooks, tenor of the Metropolitan
Opera Association, will be the soloist.
Among the members of the diplo-
matte corps who have reserved boxes
for Wednesdays concert are the AM
bassador of the Union of Soviet So
cialist Republics and Nine. Troyan-
ovsky, the Countess van der Straten-
Ponthoz, wife of the Belgian Ambas-
sador: the the Italian Ambassador and
Donna Matilde de Suvich; the German
Ambassador, Herr Hans Dieckhoff, and
Nine. Saito, wife of the japanese AM
bassador.
Other boxholders include Mrs. Anne
Archbold, Mr.. and Mrs. Hugh Auchin-
Gloss, Mrs. William A. Becker. Mrs.
Robert Woods Bliss, Mrs. Chester c.
Bolton. Mr. Howard Booher, Miss Alice
]. Clapp. Mrs. Bancroft Davis, Mrs.
M. Webster Dawley, Mrs. Tracy Dows.
Mrs. Carl A. Droop, Mrs. James Glenn
ent Dunn, Mrs. Lewis Emery. jr.: Mrs
Christian Heurich, Mrs. Beale r.
Howard, Mrs. Walter Bruce Howe,
Mrs. Frederic Keep, Mrs Hans Kind
Ter, Mrs. Charles Lea, Mr.. and Mrs
Reeve Lewis. DR.. and Mrs. William
Mcclellan, Mrs. Eugene Meyer. Mrs.
Edwin B. Parker, Miss Elizabeth Pat
terson, Mrs. Edward C. Potter, Mr.. and
Mrs. c. c. Schif1eler, Mrs. Henry Alvah
Strong. Mr.. and Mrs L. Corrin Strong.
Mrs. Wayne Chatf1eld Taylor, Mrs.
Lawrence Townsend, Mrs. Walter
Tuckerman, Mrs. Edwin c. Watson
and Mrs. Ralph Worthington.
The final concert of the season will
be given next Sunday afternoon at 4
o'clock, when DR.. Kinder will conduct
the annual request program.
Evening star., 1938-03-27
Mrs. Mary E. Maus
TO Be HOnored.

Mrs. John Stanley Higgins of 66o5
Lee boulevard, Falls Church, Va, and
Mrs. Egbert E. Corwin of Washing
ton will entertain at tea this after
noon from 4 to Z o'clock at the home
OF Mrs. Higgins in honor Of their
mother, Mrs. Mary E. Maus, who is
observing her 10th birthday anniver-
sary and is retiring from the Govern
ment service. Guests will include
friends and associates of the Division
OF Loans and Currency, Treasury De-
partment, from which offfee Mrs. Mans
Is retiring this month, and friends and
relatives from Virginia, Maryland and
Washington.
Assisting in the dining room will be
Mrs. Robert Cooksey Of Baltimore,
Miss Edith Maus Higgins of Fails
Church and Miss Margaret E. Cross of
Washington. granddaughters of the
honored guest.