davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1938-12-17
Oh. Rats

WE ARE impressed, edited and so on from time to
w time by the innate hostility almost all people have
toward new ideas, new conceptions, new anything.
... This writer being minstered tc
OctentHbc the other day by one of New York city's
Trc,,rioe;tu most expert and most eminent phys.
clans, assisted by seemingly intel-
gent and certainly comely nurse.
The writer happened to mention that the News was
substituting experiments pre-determning sex in
rats and that results date had been highly
ing and to US least instructive The eminent doctor
smiled tolerantly and said nothing The comely young
nurse said: "Oh ratswe tried that at Johns Hopkins
when in training and it can't be DONE" The in
ference that if Johns Hopkins couldn't control
tabloid newspaper certainly couldn't
This innate hostility to anything doesn't affct
doctors, scientists and alone.
We broke the first story pre-determnation
n, five weeks ago. It story whose i'm
NOI plications and of dynamic import.
R;nnIo But did any of the weekies pick it up ?
They often pick up editorial wisecracks
about Senator, mayor other politicians We're
there any dscoverable rppes in the world of science
We have yet to hear Of any such reactions.
For all that the News has been nursing along a re-
markable scientific story. Here it is in nutshell:
Sometime ago we got wind of theory that acid and
alkaline solutions, applied just prior to
AC'" ""~ mating ought to have definite effects on
Alkaline the of the resulting offspring
We didn't buy herd of rats and entrust
the experiments to of reporters and rewrite
men, to be carried in the News Building basement.
We made connections with a regularly certified and
reputable laboratory the Applied Research Laboratory
near Dayton, N ]. Ruth Reynolds and Carl Warren two
of the News most experienced reporters assigned
to the story of the experiments conducted by the
laboratory research staff.
The last time published story how
the experiments doing, II pair of rats had been
bred under the prescribed acidor-akaline conditions
and the sexes of the pups" laboratory workers
call them, had conformed to the theory in each and
every
In other words, female rats treated with alkaline
solution just before mating produced preponderance
Of male pups in each case acid solution treatment
was followed by preponderance of female pups.
More impressive than that there several
reversals-meanng that the mother rats ~ had
been treated with alkaline solutions and had pro-
duced mainly male pups; then ~ had been treated
with acid solutions prior to their next matings and
had produced mainly female pups
The experiments have been carried out with
% rat couples; and the results continue constant We
are not conceang any unsuccessful experiments. We
reporting, and shall con-
La gaceta., 1938-10-28

"Un peri6ico en- particular,
'SLa Gaceta'', cuyo fin principal
es diseminar la discordia y ell O.
dio, apelando a las pasiones del
pueblo, junto con las activida-
des del Comlte de Frente Popu-
lar (Comunista), incluye las
bien conocidas actividades de la
secci6n Femenina del Comit9,
dirigida por una tai Carmen Ra
mirez, que Sc ha jactado de que
ealos controlarian Ia vida social,
industrial y commercial del las co
munidades latinas de Tampa, Y
por Ell cual sus tacticas insidio-
sas han sido p~arcielmente logra-
das"...
"Enloquecidos de poder y sin
aparente oposici6n q 10 vista, Sc
atrevieron a poner en- efectO su
sistema de control social por me-
La gaceta., 1938-10-28
La obra de la retaguardia de Tampa

! "El Comite de Frente Pop
lar, borracho de poder, Sc NOVA
contra tcdos Jos que Sc atrevian
a levantar la voz en- Sd contra.
Estas actividades, limitadas a Ia
co onia latina, los aislaron y en-
pezaron a plastar con aparente
inmunidd. Estas tacticas in
cluian insultos y ataQues por
medic de las columnas de La Ga
ceta, por inferencia a ciertos in
dividuos, y abiertamente Sc su-
gerla boycott y sc recordaba la
necesidad del boycott
Como ahora: Boycott a los
productos japoneses, nazis y fas
cistasD
"AmenazaS de dano corporal
Sc hicieron por medic de csc Pc
nodicos contra alquellos que sc
atrevian a opinar abiertamenl-
te. Ordenes de boycott a los CO.
merciantes que Sc negaban a con
tribuir para la causa del Comite,
Sc dlctaron con amenazas de So
cial ostracismo, extrayendo ash
contribuciones a la fuerza. Has
t alos miembros de la profession
medica cayeron bajo ell dominic
del Pequeno Dictator, y aquellos
que Sc mantuvieron en- sus posi-
clones fueron duramente ataca-
los por Ga Gaceta.'
LA forma que tiene ell Peque-
no DICTATOR de retorcer la de-
mocracia reinaba supreme en-
las secciones latinas, batiendose
en- retirada todas las oposicio-
La gaceta., 1938-10-28
COMITE POPULAR
. DEMOCRATICO

Esta nOche Sc reunira, en- ell
Centre Obrero, ell Comite Popu-
lar Democratico de Socorro a
Espafa.
Suplicase la asistencia de to-
dos los Delegates.
Ell ~peri6dico "The Evening
News" persiste en- difamar al Co
mite y sus miembros, y especial
mente a nuestro director, al que
llama eel Gar de Ybor" porque
persiste, y persistira, en- defen-
der a un pueblo agredido por ell
fascismo international.
Del libelo en- question copia-
mos, y de diferentes n1meros,
los parrafos que siguen: EN- las
communicates latinas donde mu-
chos ciudadanos son espaholes,
y descenientes de e~spanoles, We
mos por medic de un aparente
6rgano Official de una facci6n,
ala Gaceta," que inmediatamen
te despues del rompimiento de
las hostilidades un cuerpo off,
cial fue organizado para pres
tar su apoyo a una facci6n. Co.
nocido con ell nombre de Comite
de Frente Popular ayud6 a ira
Ear una linea y dividir a la colo
MIA latina en- dos grupos.'
La gaceta., 1938-10-28

En- ell ndmero de octubre IL,
anterior al del %, dice:
mariana Rodriguez, un miem
bro del Ejecutivo y tambien un
miembro del Comite Popular De
mocratico, agencia de recolec-
cion para ell gobierno Rojo espa-
mol, pidi6 a los miembros que OBJ
servaran estricta diSciplina........
ademas anadi6 que Pedro Rami-
reg Moya, director del peri6dico
de la Union, habia sido suspen-
dido. los papeles de ciudada-
MIA de Moya estan en- peligro de
ser suspendidos debido a activi-
dades subversivas"...
La gaceta., 1938-10-28

mes. irdiciduos, hombres de ne
gocios y PROFESSIONALS, vfctimas
del nsidiosas propagandas, fue-
r~n forzldos a escrioir cartas a
La Gaceta (no a ningn otro pc
li6dico latino) declarandose q ST
mismos en- favor del raqueteris-
mo impuesto contra eNos. Guam
do es;as car:as fueron p1blica-
das, Ia preston" inmediatamen
tie Sc RETRO"
"Rocientemente Ell Peqreno
Dictator vic con a2onloro que
algunos padres mandaoan g sus
hijos a ciertas escuelas, en- con-
ira de sus 6rdenes. Ciertas igle-
sias fueron puestas en- la lista
de boycott por la Junta-esto en-
los Estados Unidos. I'm sistema-
tico conteo de casa en- casa Sc
hizo por Ia Secci6n Femenina
del Comite, ordenando a los ciu-
dadanos no fueran a la iglesia."
'Un PeqCeno Soviet existe en-
nuestro medic, pero el Frente
Popular y ell Pequeho Dictator
no vieron un importante factor.
Este es los Estados Unidos de
America Y nuestra Constitution,
que todavia sc ha1lan en- vigor."
Este 10 pubiic6 el eminentisi-
mo Bill, en- SD ndmero del %,
faltando a la verdad, como STEM
pre-. en- cuanto a los puntos prin-
cipaleS de su articulo.
La gaceta., 1938-10-28
do de una esrnpana contra la l.

die de una esnpaha contra la i
g,esia Cat6lica, y por sdtiles me
tcjos impidiendo a les padres e.
liar sls hijos a las escuelas
ne sd predi.ccci6n"...
Y asi tCda la hie, de Bill en-
todos los dltimos ndmeros, con-
ira nuestro director, Ia obra ge-
nerosa del Comite Popular De-
mocra..c eco e.. incitanio a la vio-
lencia en- contra de la cornuni-
dad latina.
Rueno es recordar que en- el
Comite Popular tienan repre-
sentaci6n las principles colecti
vidades de Tampa, de las que
Bill da a entender que son comu-
nistas.
La gaceta., 1938-10-28
BENEFICIO

~ GT 4C1O
Ell doingo Sc ~efectuara en- Ia
bolera de Majomia, situada Ell.
West Tampa, ell torneo de bolos
a beneficio del fondo de leche
para los ninos espanoles.
Los mejores jugadores de Ia
lccalidad han promctido asistir,
ayudando, como ayudaron en- o.
tras ocasiones, a la obra gene
rosa de socorrer a les que su-
fren.
ProbaIblemente Sc venderan
churros.
Majomfa tiene varios inven-
tos, tcdos destinados a acrecen-
tar los ingresos.
La gaceta., 1938-10-28

Otra parrafada de Bill: "Te-
nemos entendido que un p,eito
por libelo iba a ser instituido
contra "The Evening NEWS,
por los Rojos, pero fue retirado
a toda priSa-en menos de dos
horaS deSpues de haber sido CO.
menzado...
La gaceta., 1938-10-28

iCCmprenden todoS los bue-
nos dem6cratas de Tampa que
Bill esta al servicio de un CRU
pc empenado Ell destruir ell Co
mite Pcpglar Democratico de
Socorro a Espana?
La gaceta., 1938-10-28
'Localizada
en- Sulphur Springs

lie decimos q listed su pa
sado, presente y future; lie
aconsejamos en- negocios y
asuntos de amor; lie decimos
cuando Sc casara y lie damos
noticias de los amigos au-
sentes o muertos. De hecho
lie decimos TODD 10 relative
al mejoramiento de la vida.
Demos una prueba y Sc con-
vencera de nuestro maravi-
lloso trabajo. Cada lectura
es absolutamente confiden-
cial. Busque ell cartel, 912
Sitka, al final del tranvfs de
Sulphur Springs.
The Washington times., 1938-08-24
Veteron of 81 Yeors' Flying;
Hawks Had Decided to Take 1t Easy

Instead they kept him in this coun-
try as a flying instructor.
After the war he stayed in re
serve and continued mis- flying.
And like all fliers Of those days,
he had mis- eye on the prize for
the first flight across the AZ
lantic.
In fact he was making his
plans when q younger flier.
Charles A. Lindbergh, made the
crossing And then and there
Frank Hawks gave UP the idea OF
flying across the ocean.
MADE 200 RECORDS
In his experiments he managed
to pile up more than 200 aerial
records. But he never changed
from the modest, unassuming
Frank Hawks of campus days.
Only recently he said:
"I passed the 4O-year mark
the other day, and I've decided
to take it easy from now on"
So he gave up the quest OF
further speed records for the sake
of more conservative flying, only
to crash to his death, and go to
meet so many Of his companion
quiet birdmen.
The Washington times., 1938-08-24
By CARROLL PEEKE

And now the name of Frank
Hawks has been placed on that
long list of pilots who started
pushing crates back in 1917 and
have "Gone West"
For 81 years he had dared death
and finally his name came UP.
He died as he wished, at the con-
trolls Of his plane. And he died.
ironically enough, just after he
had decided to take it easy" and
give up his quest for further
speed records.
BECAME ARMY FLIER
1t was back in 1917, just before
the World War, that this writer
first knew Frank Hawks, then an
undergraduate at the University
of California.
Even then he was "air-minded." "
He had made his first flight the
year before, and he had had a
few lessons in flying.
A quiet chap, he was well-liked
on the campus. And when the
United States entered the war, he
The Washington times., 1938-08-24
Seamen's S School
Ready 10 Enroll

Enrollments in training schools
for merchant Seamen are now be-
ing accepted, according to the U.
s. Maritime Commission. Applica-
tions at present are open only to
unemployed sailors, but it is ex-
pected that eventually 5000 men
and 300 officers will receive the
training annually. The training
program, authorized at the last
session Of Congress, is designed to
obtain efficient personnel.
The Washington times., 1938-08-24

was one of the first to sign up
for the Air Corps.
Hawks was one of very few of
the flying cadets in those days
who had ever been up in a plane,
and he turned out to be a natural
flier.
So good, in fact, that it caused
one Of the big diSappointments Of
his life. He didn't get overseas
The Washington times., 1938-08-24
French Flying Boat
Hops Off for Hortd

LISBON, Portugal, Aug. "a
QN.S)-The French flying boat,
Lieut.. De Vaisseau Paris, took off
from Lisbon harbor for Horta,
Azores, today on the second leg
of its attempted transatlantic
flight from France to the United
States. The plane left Lisbon at
7:3O a. m.
The Washington times., 1938-08-24
EXPERTS STUDY
CAUSE OF CRASH
KILLING HAWKS
Wealthy Sportsman
Dies With Air Ace

BUFFALO, N. Y, Aug. "a
II.N.SO.-In the charred ruins o1
a small biplane, officials of the
U. S. Department of Commerce
and of the Gwinn Aircraft Com
pany today sought the answer for
the crash in which Commander
Frank Hawks, air ace, and j
Hazard Campbell, millionaire
sportsman, lost their lives.
Both met death when the plane
struck a high tension wire-a
hazard Hawks feared most-and
crashed at nearby East Aurora last
night.
PLANS CREMATION
While the plane experts studied
what remained Of the ship. Mrs
Hawks arrived from Hawks Nest
at Redding, Conn.,, to claim the
body of her husband and to ar
range for funeral services.
Mrs. Hawks announced her hus-
bands body would be cremated
here and the ashes taken to Red
ding. Funeral arrangements for
Campbell, father of three children,
have rot been completed.
Hawks was vice president Of the
Gwinn Company and the plane he
flew was a demonstration model
embodying new safety features.
Hawks and Campbell had taken
off from the latter's private flying
field in East Aurora.
QUIT SPEED FLYING
Holder of about 225 air records
In United States and Europe at
one time, Hawks whose name was
synonymous with speed, gave up
such daring performances year
ago to concentrate on the safety
and comfort of flying.
"Enough's enough" commented
the speed demon of the skies
after two crackups. But last night,
while demonstrating a small low
priced plane for Campbell, Hawks
OkONU0Nu104 O0A CC1 Wdo CAANCA III
a manner he did not fear Be-
fore his record-breaking flight
from Glendale, Cal, to New York
in 1929, Hawks told a close friend:
II expect I'll die in an air.
plane some day"
Eye-witnesseS of the crash eX-
pressed belief they did not see the
high tension wire until it was too
late.
Wheels Of the plane stripped
wires from the poles and the craft
dropped to earth in flames. Hawks
lived about two hours, dying in a
Buffalo hospital ahead of Camp
bell, 43-year-old brother-in-law of
Seymour Knox, international polo
star.
Evening star., 1938-08-29
DR.. LELAND NAMED
HEAD OF CONGRESS
Historical Sciences Group Is Led
by Executive of Learned
Societies Here.

The eighth Information Congress
OF Historical Sciences. meeting in
Zurich, Switzerland, today elected as
its president DR.. Waldo Clifford Leland
OF 1862 MintWood place NV, accord
ing to the Associated Press.
DR.. Leland is permanent secretary
and executive director of the American
Council of Learned Societies here
Since early spring he and his wife
Mrs. Gertrude D. Leland, have been
touring Europe In May he was made
president of the International Union
Of Academies at Brussels.
He has been guiding spirit in
many research projects, including pub
lication of the monumental Dictionary
OF American Biography, his associates
said today. From 1903 to 1882 he was
member of the historical research
staff of the Carnegie Institution. He
has acted as exchange professor in
French universities and has received
the Chevalier Legion of Honor decora
ton from France and the Chevalier
Order Of Polonia Restituta decoration
from Poland
DR.. Leland belongs to the Cosmos
Club here and the Harvard and Gen.
tury Clubs in New York. He is a
member of the National Park Service
Advisory Board and the American
National Committee on International
Intellectual Cooperation.
Evening star., 1938-08-29
COL. ROOSEVELT
BACKS0'CONNOR
Calls Candidate Patriot
Declares He Deserves
G. O. P. Support.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, Aug. 2e-Col Theo-
dore Roosevelt. former president of
the National Republican, Club and
Republican candidate for Governor
Of New York in 1924. yesterday an
nounced his support of Representative
John O'Connor for the Republican
congressional nomination in Manhat-
tan's sixteenth district.
Mr.. O'Connor the Democratic in
cumbent who has been marked for
defeat by President Roosevelt, is seek
ing both the Democratic and Re-
publican nominations in his fight for
reelection.
Col. Roosevelt announced his sup
port of Mr.. O'Connor in a letter to
Louis Davis Hopkins, the House men,
ber's Republican campaign manager,
in which he said: Il hope you will
receive the Republican Endorsement.
You deserve 1t as patriot"
Evening star., 1938-08-29
RELIGIOUS LIBERTY
vANDENBERG TOPIC
Senator Says Efforts to Put Curb
on Supreme Court Menace
Churches.
By the Associated Press.

by the Associated PreSs.
GRAND LEDGE, Mich. Aug %
Senator Arthur H. Vandenberg, Re-
publican. of Michigan. warned here
yesterday that any attempt to subject
the Supreme Court to political con-
trolls would be a potential blow at
religious liberty.
In an address prepared for delivery
before the Michigan Conference of
Seventh-Day Adventists, the senior
Michigan Senator asserted that when
the spirit of the Constitution dies
religious freedom perishes."
You have just one warrant for
religious freedom" he said AN in
violate Constitution and an inviolate
Supreme Court to give 1t voice. One
is impotent without the other"
Turning back to the hotly disputed
Supreme Court reorganization bill Of
1897, Senator Vandenberg warned that
ANY effort to submit this court to
political controls; to make it submis-
sive to the temporary gales of passion
which periodically sweep every nation:
to rob it of its supreme constitutional
jurisdiction; any such effort-no mat
ter how nobly meditated or how
persuasively argued-any such effort
is potential blow at all liberties, en-
phatically including religious liberty;
and any failure Of our people to resist
all such efforts. no matter how
plausibly urged, is freedoms suicide"
The Nation, he said, needs to re-
new its understanding that there are
things far more important than cash
registers, trade balances, cash from
Washington and purchased elections.
The character of the American
people themselves is threatened by a
corresponding drift away from SELF
reliance. Where they once ruggedly
looked to their own resources, they now
look to Washington. It is no longer
a case of the people supporting the
Government; too often it is case Of
the Government supporting the people.
This ultimately means that the citizen
ceases to be a citizen in the traditional
American sense. He becomes sub
ject of the State. He gets liberty only
by royal permission.
Evening star., 1938-08-29
We Can Hear With Our Eyes,
See With Ears, Scientists Say
Psychologists Belieue Brain Sho,on to
Be Closely Tuned to Outside World;
But Physicists Deny Claim.

the physicist can do Is to measure its
effect on something, such as the
volume OF mercury in a tube which
constitutes the basis Of ordinary ther-
mometers, the expansion of bar Of
metal or the degree of activity OF a
gas. There is no reason whatsoever,
he holds. to hold that heat has a
parallel effect on the human system
as on column Of mercury. Only very
generally, as the mercury rises one
feels warmer.
One actually determines the in
tensities Of sensations, he maintains
in his report to the British association,
by comparison with past experience. a
repression toward the normal. One
feels hot when the mercury column
rises to certain figure only partly
because something is taking place in
the outside world which affects mer-
curry in precisely that fashion. The
heat sensation is due in considerable
measure to the fact that one knows
from individual and race experience
in the past that it is normal to feel
hot under such conditions There Is
an unacceptable tendency to feel the
way one felt before under similar cir
cumstances and thus pattern is built
up which may very closely duplicate
the behavior of the mercury. and yet
the two may not be directly related.
Sound Measure Is Vague.
For vision, he stressed, actual phys
ical measurements and the sensations
evoked by the same stimuli may be
very close to identical since such a
great number of elements, such as size,
shape, color, direction, etc, are in
cluded in seeing anything. Hearing
is related much more vaguely to the
scientific measurements of acoustics
because, he said, hearing is like seeing
in thick mist in which we may per-
celve the general direction from which
light is coming but see no objects. We
are simply immersed in a nebulous
cloud of sound surrounding our heads.
But this nebulous cloud is not the SEN
sation. 1t is the objective environment
which, by virtue Of the sensation 1t
evokes, We hear just as when i'm
mersed In a translucent mist the
nebulous cloud of luminescense We see
is not our sensation but constitutes the
objective environment Of whose pres
ence We are made aware by our SEN
sations.
owing to the nebulous nature Of the
objective world as perceivable by hear
ing, it is relatively rare for US to make
any association between a sound pat
tern and unique source. unless We
know that some object is the source of
the sounds. as when We simultaneously
see and hear a person speaking or an
orchestra playing"
Because Of this paucity of sound
associations. he stressed, 1t is much
more difficult to make a correct judg-
ment OF sound intensity. corresponding
with some actual physical measure
ment than in the case of vision.
In other words, it was stressed in
the report, everybody lives in differ
ent world in which objective stimula-
tions reaching the brain are altered
profoundly in the pattern OF individual
experience.
Evening star., 1938-08-29
SMITH WILL FACE
TEST TOMORROW
A Record Registration of
422,000 Brought Out in
South Carolina.
BY the Associated Press.


COLUMBIA, S. c., Aug ga
Democratic primary which has brought
out record registration of 422 900 will
decide tomorrow the political future of
Senator E. D. Smith, veteran of five
terms, who is regarded as being on
the New Deals purge" list.
Seeking to unseat the 74-year-old
Democratic dean of the Senate. is vi
brant-voiced. 4l-year-old Gov. Olin D.
Johnston, who rose from a textile mill
worker to the Governors chair Gov
Johnston campaigned as "a 100 per
cent" New Dealer.
President Roosevelt lent his influ-
ence to the contest yesterday when, at
Hyde Park, N Y, he said South Caro-
lima voters have the responsibility OF
selecting Senator to play a part in
legislation to carry out administration
objectives.
The President was commenting, in
response to newspaper mems questions,
on the dramatic withdrawal from the
race of Edgar A. Brown of Barnwell,
who, like Gov Johnston, had stoutly
proclaimed from the stump he was a
hundred per cent" for the New Deal.
Clarifies the Issue"
Mr.. Roosevelt said that Mr.. Browns
retirement clarifies the issue" and
gave the voters choice between two
candidates representing entirely differ
ent schools of thought"
Senator Smith, chairman of the Sem
ate Agriculture Committee, issued
statement last night in which he said:
Il regret than President Roosevelt
has seen fit to inject himself into the
South Carolina senatorial campaign
in an 1lth-hour attempt to influence
voters of this State"
Mr.. Smith asserted the New Deal was
not an issue in the campaign because
l have supported over 80 per cent
OF the Presidents program.
Mr.. Brown. who announced his de-
cision Saturday night. said he was
stepping out of the race because he
knew he would run third in the three
cornered contest.
Three Other State Fights.
There are three other Statewide
contests. In the Governors race
there are eight candidates. Five Con-
gressmen face opposition. Also, there
are host of local races.
The Governors campaign has bris-
tied with debate and personalities, but
was devoid of any national issues,
as were the congressional campaigns.
Cole Blease. veteran campaigner,
who has been both Governor and Sen
ator and Col. Wyndham M. Manning
OF Sumter are again in the Governors
race. They ran second and third, re-
spectively, four years ago, when Gov
Johnston won.
The other gubernatorial candidates
are Ben E. Adams, D. T. Blackmon.
Jr,, and John Hughes Cooper of Colum-
ola; Neville Bennett, veteran State
legislator; F.. M. Earterlin of Spartan
burg and Mayor Burnet R. Maybank
of Charleston.