davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-09-29

ton involving demands on time and experience. In
practice this means that in every State the State
Federation of Labor should appoint an advisory
committee with supplementary committees for
trade and industry, the distributive trades and
home economics.
In turn every central labor union should in
sist upon a general advisory committee with advis-
ory committees for each industry or calling in
cuded in the vocational educational program for
the locality. The State and local employment ser
vices should be represented on the advisory COM
mittees for the state and localities.
1t is important that such committee systems
be inaugurated as quickly as possible for funds
available for vocational training have been nearly
doubled for the current year. If this tremendous
increase in program is to be done wisely it will tax
the wisdom and experience of workers. employers
and teachers Advice of workers and employers
is necessary to keep training programs abreast of
changes in industry and work. The training Of
fered in the new field of distributve trades is by
law required to be for the benefit of the worker
and not his exploitation by teacher and employer
This requirement was made necessary by abuses
and practices developed to provide "cheap'' labor
at the request of employers.
Labor feels that public education should bel
under public control and in the general interests
Every central labor union and state federation is
urged to do it's part in the program and to estab-
lish the practice of advisory committees even I'M
advance of it's requirement by law which is pend 1
INC.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-09-29
P. w. A. Funds For
Highway Department

A program involving approximately
15 million dollars for widening and re-
State highways-not Federal
roads-is being worked out between
P. w. A. and the State Highway De-
Ipartment Of Ohio. This will mean ap-
'proXimately $6,35O, 100000 additional
funds for the Highway Department for
maintenance and betterments-or the
of more than one-half cent
per gallon gasoline tax.
This program will be contracted for
this year, but most of the work will
not be completed until some time in
1889. In addition to this, the State
Highway Department is arranging a
very large W. p. A. program for
southeastern Ohio in order to prepare
the State Highways in that section for
permanent maintenance work next
year.
These two programs will go long
WAY toward bringing the States
highway program up to date and
should be the means of eliminating any
urge for an increase in the gasoline
tax. This is the first time that the
Estate Highway Department has had
Iany cooperation with w. P. A. or T.
wv. A.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-09-29
Recession" Renders
Public Service

Even PROFESSIONS" have silver Innings
occasionally. The one from which the
country seems to be currently emerg-
ing should lay bare to the public gaze
one grave fact, namely the rising ex-
penditures of the federal government.
Until recently record tax receipts
tended to narrow the spread between
income and outgo, creating an illusion
of decreased expenditures. For eX-
ample, fiscal 1888 showed federal
deficit of only about a billion and a
half, compared with record deficit of
nearly four and half billions in 1886.
This led many persons to believe that
the bureaucrats were actually prac-
ticing some of the economies that they
constantly preach-all of which was
just so much hot air.
Expenditures have risen steadily for
the past eight or nine years. Today
the regular annual budget of the fed
eral government is periously close to
$4,000, 100000. What the recession
with it's consequent falling off of tax
receipts, together with new "emer-
gency spending reveals, IS an eStl-
mated deficit for 1889 of at least
$4,000, 100000. By the end of this fiscal
year the federal debt will touch an
other of its periodical "all time highs"
of more than $40,5OO,OOO,00O.
The experts" differ as to just how
big a debt burden the country can
stand without suffering a chaotic col
lapse. But most of them agree on two
scores. 1t is doubtful whether repre-
sentative government can survive natl
onal bankruptcy, and the public debt
is nearing the danger point.
If the recession awakens the saver
age citizen" to the true state of the
nations fiscal affairs, it will have in
deed rendered a public service.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-09-29
MILLIONS OF FARMS LACK
ELECTRICITY

NESPITE the commendabe efforts of the
l. Rural Electrifcation Administration estab-
lshed by the Government to provide electric light
and power at reasonable rates for farmers outside
the areas served by private utility companies, s.
7l9,637 farms in the United States are still de-
prived of this fundamental element in agricultural
activity, according to statement by Representa-
tive John f. Rankin of Mississippi in support of
his proposed amendment to the three billion dollar
spending lending bill providing for the ALLEGATION
of $2OO,000,000 for rural electrification appor-
toned among the various States.
In an instructive summary of the equitable
reasons for the ALLEGATION, Mr. Rankin brought out
the fact that rural electrification in the United
States is far more limited than in many European
countries, where a large portion of the farmers
have the benefits of electric light and power.
1--WE are asking for nothing but common JUS
tice for the people in the agricultural States" Mr.
Rankin said. "Even if we spent $20O,000,00O ev-
cry year on rural eectriication, it would take
something like ten years to bring this country up
to the standard. Only about 10 per cent of our
farmers have electricity in their homes Look at
other countries and note the difference Practically
every country in Europe has at least 80 per cent
of it's farms electrified. That is true in France,
Germany, Norway, Sweden and Denmark In Hol-
land and Switzerland they have practically 100 per
cent Of their farms electrified, and France and
Germany are making strenuous efforts now to
bring theirs up to that point. Even Japan has 80
per cent of her farms electrified
"'This is an agricultural country the greatest
agricultural country in the world and yet we are
tagging behind the other leading nations of the
worl in rural electrifcaton'
Turning to the justice of his 5000, 600, 600 pro-
posal and its effect on the unemployment situation,
Mr.. Rankin continued:
1--WE want these funds allocated through the
Rural Electrifcation Administration and advanced
to the farmers of the Nation or their cooperative
and non-proit associations on the same loan and
grant basis as that employed by the Public Works
Administration in aocating funds for municipal
improvements. This will enable us to reach hun
dreds Of thousands Of farmers that never can be
reached under the present program. We want to
electhfy every farm home in America at the low
est possible rates.
This will not only benefit the farmers in ev-
cry State, but it will also aid employment in every
0e"'e' sssgas
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-09-29
ADVISORY COMMITTEES

THE places where vocational educational pro-
grams have been satisfactorily developed and
maintained have used the practice Of advisory
committees. These advisory committees consist
of equal representatives for employees and en-
ployers and should be as many as the program
may require variety of experience, with a general
committee to serve us a unfying center The gen
eral committee would advise the school executive
responsible for the whole vocational program with
supplementary committees responsible for special
programs, as printing, automobile repairs, needle
trades, ct cetra.
The committee responsible for the industry or
calling would see to it that labor and educational
standards recommended by similar Federal or
State committees incorporated in the program
and carried out in the educational undertaking.
Such committee responsibility is serious obllga-
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-09-29
DRIVE TO ORGANIZE
WPA OPENED BY AFL

New York, N. Y.-The American
Federation of Labor has started an
undertaking to organize workers on
Works Progress Administration white
collar and arts projects, in the New
York City area.
This forward step was disclosed in
an announcement by Hubert Malkus,
chairman of the Federal Project Work
ers, that his group had been establish
ed as separate section for WPA en-
ployes in the American Federation of
Labor Bookkeepers, Stenographers and
Accountants Union, Local 20940.
In outlining the scope of the new
unit, Mr.. Malkus, an employe of the
Federal Art Project and a former
member of the Workers Alliance, said
the founders of his organization were
all from the five arts projects, but that
the group had been authorized to ac-
cept members from any division of the
WPA. The only restriction, he said,
was that workers coming within the
jurisdiction of established A. F. of l..
unions could not be enrolled without
the consent of the unions affected
The executive committee of the
Federal Project Workers declared that
it's aim is "to unite the unorganized
WPA employees and the many groups
and branches that have recently split
off from the Workers Alliance"
A statement issued by Mr.. Malkus
in the name of the executive commit
tee said:
"The Workers Alliance does not rep
resent the ideals of many project
workers. In the face of widespread
accusations that the Workers Alliance
is under the domination of Commu-
mist leaders and has confused functions
of trade union with political activi-
ties, the need has been emphasized
for labor organization that will con-
centrate OH the matter of wages and
working conditions on WPA projects"
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-09-29
PART-TIME UNEMPLOYMENT
COMPENSATION

THE first six months of payments of unempoy-
ment compensation in % states and since 1886
IN Wisconsin have made number of things very
plain. First, the laws complicated that the
majority of the workers do not know when they
are entitled to benefits, what their benefits should
be or how long they may receive benefits. Second
waiting periods are too long. Third-impossi-
bity of getting decisions checks from local ad-
ministrators. Fourth-because workers do not un-
derstand this law they do not make proper appeals
from administrative decisions. Fifth-workers
have no records showing their equities under the
law.
A neglected field is compensation for partial
unemployment. All but seven states provide for
the payment of benefits for partial unemployment
and three of the seven direct the administration to
study partial unemployment In Wisconsin where
benefits have been paid since January 1886 there
were nearly many checks for partial as for full
time unemployment-25 percent of all benefits
were expended for part-time unemployment.
Part-time unemployment such as prevails dur
walls during depresson-it is now 20 percent
among union workers-makes serious inroads in
to annual income. The whole problem of partial
benefits is difficult, for employers take advantage
of such provisions, but unless there is such a pro-
vision workers may be reduced to starvation
though not eligible for benefits because not totally
unemployed.
Twenty-three states provide that partial ben
efts in addition to earnings shall equal total unenl-
plOyment plus One-sixth of earnings; thirteen
states provide benefits which added to earnings
bring weekly income up to So more than weekly
benefit for total unemployment One state, Mich
igan provides that monthly earnings plus partial
benefits equal five times weekly benefits for total
unemployment
Obviously the Michigan law is administrative
ly simpler than the others Part time would be
estimated only once month and the cumuated
payment would seem of greater Importance to the
recipient. These formulas make plain why wage
earners may not be pressing their claims and why
administration is slow
Here is place where the union can render a
service to it's members Designate some member
to find out all the details in the partial unempIoy-
ment provision of your state law so that he can ex-
plain to your union members what your formula
is and how each union member can know when he
is entitled to part-time benefits. If the menber
designated for this service deems it wise he may
get a representative of unemployment compensa-
tion administration to explain the law to the union.
But some one in the union should be reSpon-
Sible for advising union members on this point
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-09-29

Our objectves are in line with democratic
ideals for we seek equal opportunity for all men
and women. We realize that we must build lad
der round upon round, making it possible for all
to mount to the plane of equal opportunity AS
we build and mount, we fit ourselves for wider
opportunities. The American Federation of Labor
believes that American labor can promote it's own
welfare within American institutions-and that
progress for labor is inseparabe from progress for
all.-Labor Day message, William Green
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-09-29
SAVE THE SOIL

The agricultural marketing cooper
atives can do much for their member
ship if they will stress the need for
balanced, diversified farming. Some of
the leading co-ops have long done this,
with excellent results.
One-crop farming, which exhausts
the lands, has been responsible for a
great many of agriculture's ills. Soil
can be worn out like machine, and
left barren and useless. More and
more farmers are learning this-and
their cooperatives are the logical in
struments for advancing the immense
ly important cause of proper soil util-
izatlon.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-09-29
On Capitol Hill
By GEORGE L. KNAPP

Washington, D. C. (ILNS).-In al
lthe stories about increased relief, how
Ioften have you seen the audit educa
|tion work of the Works Progress Ad
mentioned?
| have seen it mentioned just once
Yet since it started that work, WPA
has taught literally hundreds o1
thousands of grown men and womer
to read and write; and one of the very
few good things one can say about the
is that schooling goes uI
as jobs go down. All over the coun.
try-this means all parts of the coun.
try which do not want their people
to go ignorant-the teaching force OF
the WPA has been increased since the
recession of last year started.
New York, Of course, deals in big
numbers. The teaching staff of the
WPA in that city is being lifted from
5000 to 10000. But the proportion
ate increase is just as big in some
backwood counties.
x X X
There is one county in a near by
southern state where two years ago
there were 1856 grown men and
women who could not read or write
Today, there are &c. And those who
have taken the schooling have been
taught great deal more than the
ability to write their own names
which used to be the goal with this
home missionary work. They can read
and reasonably simple
books; and the women, especially, can
put their household budgets down on
paper, instead of carrying them in
their heads.
Several southern states are calling
for more help in this line-and get
ting it.
The International Management Con-
gress just finished in Washington is
the seventh gathering of the kind, and
the first and only one in which the
government of the country where the
gathering took place had no part in
it. The United States Chamber of
Commerce took charge of everything.
A few words from one Of the speakers,
A. w. Robertson Of the Westinghouse
Co., will show the general tenor of this
meeting S M
Management acts as steward and
trustee for all-investor, laborer, con-
sumer. The results are astonishing.
The laborer has received the highest
wages for the shortest hours. He has
at last found leisure and become a
consumer. He now knows comfort and
has luxury. :. This is true, even
though there are 100000 persons
unemployed in the United States. The
today is better off than
was his brother of former ages when
employed"
The gall, the ignorance, and the
stupidity of this outpouring certainly
rank high. A week before Mr.. Rob-
ertson spoke, 700 men in New York
waited all night and more than 5000
assembled in early morning to get a
handful Of jobs paying $40 week.
And management was such perfect
steward and truStee-with no inter
ference from government-tha from
1929 to early 1888, it ruined millions
of small investors, closed practically
every bank in the United States, and
threw 15,O00,OOO persons out Of work.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-09-29

There is no method through which greater
prosperity can come to America than through the
buying of union label products. This will keep our
money in America. 1t will increase employment
1t will raise wages. 1t will better the conditions
Of every worker. 1t will increase purchasing
power. 1t will reduce taxation for relief purposes
In general, it will bring us permanent prosperity
i. NJ. Ornburn
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-09-29
The Cherry Tree
Where We Hdtchet Out
The Truth
q AMERICAN EMBARGO
q DEFEND RUSSIA
o $4,000 HOUSES
o NON-UNION HITCH-H1KER

An American embargo on German
imports to show our opposition to Hit
ler's ruthless Czechoslovakian policy
has been asked by the American
League for Peace and Democracy, an
organization with strong Communist
guidance.
Apparently the league wants to
draw us into the European mess.
That would in all probability be the
effect of the proposed embargo.
The league was formerly known as
the American League Against War
and Fascism. For reasons of policy
it's name was changed.
Why not another change, to make
it the American League for War and
Communism
That would be more in keeping with
it's character.
Communists and their puppet organ
izations do not oppose war when it
works for the advantage of Soviet
Russia.
They do not want war between
the democracies, but they are per-
fectly willing to have the democ-
racies make war if they fight FOR
Russia AGAINST Germany.
Part of their worldwide strategy
now is to line up the democratic
nations against Germany in what they
regard as the inevitable clash between
the Reich and Russia.
"The main aim of the Communist
party now is to defend Russia's inter-
national position," says one observer,
who adds:
"In so doing it is seeking as many
friends as possible by playing down
extremist measures and it's ultimate
program, and by advocating as many
specific reform measures as possible
which others favor"
The ultimate program" of course
is dictatorship and terrorist rule, as in
Communist Russia.
X X X
Building industry is reported about
to put a $4,000 house on the market.
House can be paid for at rate of $50
a month, it is said, putting it within
the reach of the man with 81 1900 an
nual income.
This would tap a new market for
houses.
Nothing is said about the effect of
the house on building employment.
If much of the house is factory built,
as seems likely, it will not give jobs
to many building workers per house.
If the new house should be success
full in opening up a big and hitherto
largely untouched market, it might in
crease total building employment.
Plans for the house are part of a
world, in which only
time can tell the effect of the changes
on the workers.
X X X
Small boys hanging on the rear end
of street cars and automobiles are
much like non-union men riding along
at the expense of union men.
The union scale fixes the rate for
all in many an industry. The nom
union man is nothing but hitch
hiker, riding on union gasoline at the
expense of those who keep unions go
ing, paying dues and attending meet
going on strike when neces-
sary.
There goes the non-union worker,
hitch hiking his way along to higher
wages, better working conditions and
shorter hours, free to desert and run
away when any effort is required to
maintain the benefits he gets.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-09-29
WHAT NEXT?

A new tooth brush has syn
thctic bristles, which are made Of
a plastic material eXtruded
through holes of the desired size.
The bristles can be made of vir-
tually any length. 1t is said they
are not softened by water or
saliva and stiffness can be accur-
ately controlled.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-09-29
WISDOM

No one knows where he who in
vented the plow was born, nor
where he died; yet he has done
more for humanity than the whole
race of heroes who have drenched
the earth with blood and whose
deeds have been handed down with
precision prOportionate only to
the mischief they wrought.
Caleb Cotton.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-09-29
TRUTHS POWDERED WHILE
Riding at Anchor
MR.. MODESTUS
. DEMOCRACIES
= TREATIES
= GERMAN PAINTER
= HIS LONG WEEPING

RLA
| . GERMAN PAINTER
. HIS LONG WEEPING
Democracies
What democracies?
Or, what price democracy?
Democracy, of a kind that will be
safe
If it takes every Bohemian in Cen
trail Europe!
Treaties?
10 you mean agreements
Such as the Nine-Power Pact
Which democracies tore up after
Manchukuo?
Or the League Covenant, which they
WEIGHED on
When Mussolini's boys went rabbit
hunting in Abyssinia-
Or the Non-intervention agreement,
which protected Spain
Even when British freighters were
bombed by Italians?
x X x
You may have heard of Cannossa-
Where German King went bare
footed
Kneeling in the snow to envoy of a
pope
Well, German painter moved
Cannossa to Berchtesgaden-
To receive the premier of the British
Empire
While a British king trembled and
sweated at home
Shades of Drake and Nelson Of
Wellington and Kitchener
Watched the British lion cringe be-
fore dachshund-
Kipling turning his face, to write
another Recessional.
X X x
Robbers at large!
Yes, but they are only stealing the
neighbors' chickens
Besides, they have guns, and can
shoot
They might kill policeman
1t you disturb them, they'll get our
chickens too
Make them promise to let us alone
IT we let them take our neighbor's
stuff
Anyhow, it is only Bohemian chick
ems being taken
And we set those Bohemians up in
business, ourselves.
x x x
Thrown to the dogs! the Schwein-
hunde!
Along with solemn pledges, and fu-
ture honor
By tory gang of women, and some
male heirs of British blood
Who hope to escape the taste of
castor oil
Which they expect will be fed to
Benes-
And the other children of Masaryk-
White spirit of Joan of Arc
Have you stopped looking at
While the Lavals and Daladiers-
Joined with the Hoares and Hen
dersons-
Led by the chamberlain of house
painter?
There was Bear
Which tried to walk like man
Copied his ships, his weapons, and
his tools
Fumbled his philosophy, garbled
some of his words
Even fell into the age-old traps of
his diplomacy
Until it, too, could not tell the mean
ing of democracy
Keeping the while the cold ferocity
of the Bear
So there parades your European
barnyard-
Dachshund and rooster, lion and
bear
On the same old dunghill of the dip
lomats-
Scratching in the muck, gnawing the
bones
Snarling at the world, and each
other
While History, weeping
Writes FiniS on another mage
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-09-29

The chairman of an electrical COM
pany has told the world that govern
ment is the great enemy of initiative"
Forgetting that Congress put up the
money for the first telegraph line
when private capital was leary of
such new tangled things.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-09-29

Once in lifetime you see a girl at
a beach who looks like an ADVERTISE
ment for bathing suit.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-09-29

a friend III need is surprise indeed