davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1938-05-13
Northwest Territory Was
Under Ordinance of 1887

The Ordinance of 1887" was an
ordinance under which the North
west Territory was organized as a
territory of the United States.
Northwest Territory was the name
given to the region west of Pennsyl-
vania, east of the Mississippi river,
north of the Ohio river, and south of
Canada. The greater part of this
territory belonged to France prior
to 1868, when it was coded by treaty
to Great Britain, which, at the close
of the Revolution, coded it to the
United States. For several years,
lowing to conflicting claims, of Mass
achusetts, New York, Virginia, and
Connecticut, its exact status was
uncertain, says writer in the In
dianapolis News, but at length these
disputes were settled, and the re-
gicn was organized as territory of
the United States under the ordi-
nance of 1887.
The ordinance prohibited slavery;
provided that not less than three nor
more than five states were to be
formed; that state was to be ad-
mitted to the Union when it should
have a population of 100000; and
that a general assembly was to be
organized for the territory as soon
as the population should have
reached 5000. The ordinance con-
tanned bill of rights, secured free
dom of worship, the benefits of the
writ of habeas corpus, and exemp-
ton from cruel and unusual pun
ishments, and encouraged education
and good faith toward the Indians.
The authorship of the ordinance
has been disputed, but the credit
probably belongs jointly to Nathan
Dane and Manasseh Cutler. In the
main it served as the model upon
which subsequent territories were
organized, except as regards slav-
cry restriction.
The Northwest Territory was gov
erned as such from 1888 to 1902,
Arthur st. Clair being governor;
and from it were created the states
of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan
and Wisconsin.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1938-05-13
A NEW PARTY

Governor and Senator LaFollette
remember very we'll the experiences
of their father in launching third
party. The Country wasn't ready
for it" was the verdict then. Is the
country ready now? The LaFol-
lettes are very able politicians and
usually look before they leap.
In the hot-bed of Washington one
answer is that the New Deal is a
new party, since most of the old
time conservatives of the Democratic
party are not included in the leader
ship of the Administration. The La
Follettes' have been New Deal assets
up to now.
cat the end of ten years." says
Governor LaFollette, 1--WE still have
not solved the fundamental under
lying problems that caused the de-
preston"
The LaFollettes will need to make
their appeals to progressive" vot-
ers. most of whom are sailing under
the New Deal colors.
If the Roosevelt leadership is re-
pudiated by Congress and needs a
receiver, Senator LaFollette may be
a Presidential candidate. Is that the
foundation of this idea Of third
party?
The LaFollettes appear to be turn
ing on the heat to prove the pres
emit Administration is running down
There will have to be something
q little more tangible from the La
Follettes than we have up to date
to be able to follow what they
have in mind" about this third
party.
But, there is something big in the
wind-at least it appears so. Save
your guesses, and maybe you'll be
surprised.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1938-05-13
Pennsylvania, Kentucky,
Once Set Up as a State
And to think

Pennsylvania embraced a little
more than half the area of Kentucky
the middle section-and extended
to Tennessee. 1t was set up in the
Cherokee country in ITS by Richard
Henderson of North Carolina.
1t was Henderson's aim, accord
ing to a writer in the Cleveland
Plain Dealer, to establish beyond
the Alleghenies proprietary gov
eminent like that of William Penn.
With eight associates, he bought
title from the Indians in March,
IT'S, and soon afterward brought
about 200 settlers into the territory.
There was conflict at once with the
government of Virginia, which
claimed jurisdiction over the region
and had already made grants of
some parts of it.
Henderson and his co-proprietors
proceeded, however, with the organ
ization of their domain. In May,
TITS, they gave the community
constitution, guaranteeing annual
legislatures elected by the people,
and establishing courts.
The disputes over jurisdiction
were carried to the Continental con-
gress, which disposed of Henderson's
claims by referring the whole mat
ter to the Virginia convention of
ITS. This convention insisted on
Virginia's jurisdiction over all of
the territory of Pennsylvania, and
the latter, as an independent colony,
came to an end. The Pennsylvania
proprietors, however, were granted
a compensation of 100000 acres of
land,
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1938-05-13
Horseshoe and Good Luck

According to Brewers Dictionary
of Phrase and Fable the legend that
horseshoe brings good luck is sup
posed to have originated with st.
Dunstan, who was noted for his skill
in shoeing horses. One day Satan
himself is said to have appeared
and demanded that his "single
hoof'' should be shod. st. Dunstan,
recognizing his customer, tied him
rightly to the wall and proceeded to
do as he was bid, but purposely in
fiicted so much pain that his Sa-
tanic Majesty begged for mercy.
Thereupon St. Dunstan released his
captive after having extracted from
him a promise that he would never
enter a place where a horseshoe
was displayed. Thus reads the leg
end. And so, for many centuries,
observes a writer il, the New York
Herald Tribune, the horseshoe has
been looked upon as a charm
against evil and a bringer of good
fortune. At one .ime it was affixed
to the front door of the house as a
protection against witches. Lord
Nelson caused one to be nailed to
the mast of his flagship the Victory
and, today, we still find this emblem
of good luck installed in many
homes.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1938-05-13

The daze that besets the Republi-
can party in relation to program
or platform seems to have spread to
the field of practical politics.
DR.. Glenn Frank, in his numerous
speeches and proclamations, has
with great clarity pointed out that
something has got to be done and
that President Roosevelt was once a
good man and statesman-like lead
er but isn't any more and that there
fore the Republican party. in it's eff
forts at self-resuscitation, must do
something VITAL drastic and impress
sive, but is strangely reticent as to
what this something ought to be.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1938-05-13
Jenolan Caves Created
bv UNDERGROUND Rivers

Among Australia's sights are the
Jenolan caves, a series OF caverns
in the valleys of the Great Dividing
range. The caves were created by
underground rivers and are decorat-
ed with limestone formations.
There are ten of these caves,
which have been decorated by the
ceaseless dripping of water through
the limestone belts above them.
The Grand arch is natural
bridge 470 feet long and 40 to 30
feet high with a varying width of
from so to 227 feet. Just below it is
he willow bordered blue lake. Car
Donate of lime colors the water. This
lake is the confluence of three riv-
ers, two of which flow underground,
and the third through the Grand
arch. There is another natural
bridge high above the Grand arch.
It is Carlotta arch and is 60 feet
high and 40 feet wide. The River
cave, through which flows the river
Styx, has a depth of Is feet.
The caves were discovered in 1888
by a Charles Whelan, while he was
following the tracks of stolen cattle.
But an outlaw named McKeowan
had been there before him. His
camp was found by Whelan. The
river flowing through the Grand
arch is known as McKeowan's
creek. Jenolan is an aboriginal word
and means q high mountain.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1938-05-13
INVESTIGATING WELFARE
CASES
CASES

Baltimore, May 10-In coopera-
ton with the Federal Works Pro-
gress Administration and the Board
of State Aid and Charities, of which
The Baltimore Department Of We'll
fare is part, the Maryland Unem-
ployment Compensation Board has
in recent weeks disposed of nearly
1000 cases of individuals who have
applied for public work or relief and
whose status has been questioned.
Investigation of cases brought to the
Boards attention by these agencies
is still in progress and will continue
indefinitely, the current rate being
about 200 a week.
This cooperation in effort has
been found very beneficial not only
to all charitable agencies and the
WPA but also to the Compensation
Board itself in that it has brought
to light. number of instances of tax
lodging by liable employers and also
shown that many employees have
been handicapped by lack of know
ledge Of the laws requirements con-
corning the filing of claims and OBJ
tanning Social Security registration
numbers before benefits can be paid.
While the WPA for Maryland has
charge of employment on its own
projects, it can hire only the able
bodied. The Board of State Aid and
Charities has supervision over all
State charities and in addition CO.
operates with private relief agencies
so vital in the exchange of confident
ial information necessary to the
work now so vital. This interchange
is for the purpose of obviating du-
plication of effort and expenditure
of funds none too plentiful.
This system Of interchanging in
formation has resulted in the pre-
vention of chiseling. concerning
which evil there has been complaint
in other States where unemployment
laws are in effect.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1938-05-13

Safety On the highway and in
creased business are the dominant
themes in National Tire Safety
Week, May 14-21, launched by tire
manufacturers, distributors and
dealers throughout the country.
Sponsors of the movement point
out the hazards of driving on
smooth, worn tires and the foolish
ness of attempting to get the last
few miles out of set of worn tires.
In addition, a vast purchasing move
meat would be created and employ
ment would be accelerated, not only
in the tire industry itself, but in the
many affiliated and contributing in
dustries.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1938-05-13
FREEDOM OF THE PRESS IN
PRINCIPLE

Communities considering the Ill
starred Green River" ordinance will
do well to- study the recent decision
of the United States Supreme Court
in the Griffin, Georgia handful case.
The high court held unanimously
that the right to distribute printed
matter from house-to-house was
guaranteed under the Constitutional
safeguard Of "freedom of the press.
Chief Justice Hughes, in reading the
decision, especially stressed the mat
ter of distribution, holding that cir
culation was a necessary adjunct to
publication.
The Green River ordinance, 1t
will he remembered, brands any call
by an unlimited salesman a nuis-
ance. Soliciting newspaper subscrip-
tions. taking orders for merchan-
disc, and other forms of direct-sell-
ing are therefore banned in cities
and towns having this ordinance.
Now comes the highest judicial trl-
bunal in the land to declare 1t Is
the inalienable right of men and
women to go from home to home
with printed matter. And there is
qualification as to what this printed
material shall be so as it is not
obscene or offensive to public NOR
ais. The implication is plain. While
not directed at the "Green River
measure, it draws the teeth OF that
law when it maintains that persons
with printed matter to distribute
cannot be forbidden the premises.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1938-05-13
WHY WORKERS HAVE SOCIAL
SECURITY ACCOUNT
NUMBERS

More than 541,f5e men and
women in Maryland now have Soc
ial Security account numbers.
A few workers who could qualify
for old-age insurance and who have
not as yet secured their Social Sec
urity account numbers, remain in
this State.
Each worker in covered employ
ment should have an account num-
Der whether he is the only employee,
or is one of hundred. Workers in
small establishments such as barber
shops, bootblack parlor, bakeries,
drug, grocery, or general merchan
disc stores, service stations, as well
as employees of doctors, dentists,
lawyers and of other professional
people, are included.
Each wage-earner must have an
account number in order that his
Social Security account may not be
confused with any other. Employers
must know the account number of
each and every person on their pay
rolls, because they must give those
numbers when they make their wage
reports to the Government. The
amount of each employees wages is
credited to the Social Security &C.
count bearing his number. His wages
are posted on this ledger.
The total amount of wages receiv-
ed by an employee on jobs covered
by the Social Security Act, from the
last day of 1886 until he is IS years
old, will be used in calculating the
amount of his old-age insurance pay
ments when such benefits fall due.
Application blanks for employees
account numbers can be obtained
from any post Office or from any
Office of the Social Security Board.
Questions concerning old-age in
surance may be sent to this paper or
to Mr.. Luther Becker, Manager of
the Social Security Board Office at
100 Hopkins Place. Answers will ap-
pear in this paper.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1938-05-13
Gainsborough, Society Painter

Thomas Gainsborough (1727-1788),
the first Of the distinctly English
school of painting, was the most eel
ebrated society painter of all time.
His procedure was to have his sitter
patiently wait while he painted the
most attractive woman he could
imagine. After that he began to
work down to a point that ap-
preached the appearance of the
lady in question. When she began
to see resemblance, he quit. He
confessed to George III that he pre-
ferred to paint landscapes, his
works of which as art rank as high
or higher than his portraits, but his
wife's extravagant demands made
him turn to the more lucrative por-
trait painting. Gainsborough por-
traits are in clear and transparent
tones of blue and green.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1938-05-13
FARMERS AIDED BY CHEMISTRY

Chemistry's aid to farmers-in
using raw materials and improving
crops-was described over the "Cav-
alcade of America" program by l..
F. Livingston, manager Of the Du-
Pont Company's agricultural extern
sion division.
Mr.. Livingston traced chemical
efforts to control pests taking six
billion dollar toll each year, develop
ment of dust and sprays to protect
crops, fertilizers, paints, ultraviolet
window material for poultry houses.
and dynamite.
He declared Chemistry is one of
the American farmers best custo-
mers," taking more and more crops
for industrial uses.
"The farmer, in turn, looks to the
chemist for new products to help
him improve his crops and make a
better livelihood from farming The
Dupont agricultural extension divi-
sion brings the farmer and the Du-
Point chemist closer together.
Thus the farmer benefits, indus
try benefits, and above all. the con-
sumer gets better quality at lower
cost"
The program dramatized the All
movement and the benefits derived
from it by more than 1000. 900
farm boys and girls.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1938-05-13
A DEFICIENCY OF NEW BUS.
MESS CAPITAL
]. E. Jones

Washington, d. c., May, 10--Wash-
ington is alive to the fact that a
main trouble of the country is found
in a deficiency of new business cap
ital, which is one of the reasons for
business stagnation and unemploy-
ment of millions of workers. Big in
dustries and their help are hard
pressed.
A long procession of business men
and competent advisers who are not
swayed by political conditions have
been making Roadway in the efforts
to improve conditions by Govern
ment action. The House and Senate
appear to have compromised Their
taxation measure so that everybod;y
is partly satisfied.
The restrictions placed on the is
suing of new securities have slowed
down the investing markets. Ofic-
ial Washington is told that under
investment is one of the reasons for
The present recession" Since all
phases of these problems are being
considered it might seem as though
policies of Federal regulation of the
Exchanges might come in for revis-
ions. Unfortunately, prosperity ha:,
dangerous corners still to turn
The ancient practice that to the
victor belongs the spells is still in
full operation. There has always
been disposition in the national
capital to take care of political fav-
critics outside the Civil Service. The
high-salaried positions in Washing
ton are given to the faithful ones.
Chairman Farley has not attempt
ed any denials along these lines. On
the contrary he justif1es the pro-
ceedure on the grounds of expedi-
ency.
The result is that the party in
power has spread its favor over a
broad base and the Civil Service
is broken down. What's being done
about it? Nothing!
No one in Washington has the
slightest fear of war, and yet money
is so cheap and so easy with our
Government that vast new arma-
ments will be provided for in ap-
preparations.
The compromise on the tax bill
was brought about by give-and
take truce between the President,
Senate and House leaders.
The dream Of an adjournment of
Congress in early May has passed.
So, likely, 1t will be June before the
lawmakers get away.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1938-05-13
Salt Spring on Prairie

A few yards from main road in
Kansas, salt water trickles out of
the ground. Indian legends attri-
butte the Waconda springs to for
gotten arm of the Pacific ocean, left
there when the Great Father ordered
the ocean to leave its beautiful con-
tinental basin. The Ocean God, how
ever, only agreed to depart on con-
dition that he was allowed to leave
his representative behind him. The
spring is one Of the few bottom
less" pits in the world, and though
many have tried, no one has been
able to find exactly how deep it Is.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1938-05-13
PRIVATE INFORMATION
SERVICE

Would you like to see the
kind of Private Information
Service from Washington. D. G.
that leading business executives
and busy men subscribe for, in
order that they may get q quick
and clear insight into affairs Of
the Government each week. En-
close ten cents for copy of
THE j. E. Jones Letter." A
private letter-not for publica-
ton.
Address:
U. S. Press Association
Transportation Bldg.
Washington, d. C.
The ]. E. Jones Letter Is ac-
curate, definite, brief, straight to
the point. 1t concerns the high
spots in the relations between
government and the welfare OF
13O,0O0,0O0 people. 1t is BIG
in it's plan and execution.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1938-05-13
Willard E. rydings, who is seek

Willard E. Tydings, who is seek
ing reelection as Maryland's senior
Senator, will keep hands off the
Democratic primary contest for the
Gubernatorial nomination in his
State, he has announced.
Believing that some of his friends
and supporters are divided on the
question Of the Governorship, the
Senator intends to refrain from TAX
ing sides and will treat all candi-
dates for that office alike, he said.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1938-05-13

The last agricultural census in
the State of Maryland showed chat
Dorchester county, with more than
10000 acres. has the largest tomato
acreage of any county in the state.
The same county ranks second in
watermelons with an acreage of
more than 500.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1938-05-13
CaterpiIlars Can Hear

This statement has been made be-
cause experiments have shown that
these insects have the ability to
hear; for certain sounds result in
sudden movements of the body.
Hairs that absorb sound are pro-
vided in place Of ears. In experi-
ments, when these hairs were coat
ed with shellac and noises were
made, the caterpillar did not re-.
spond.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1938-05-13

Rain water, caught directly from
the air in an earthenware or glass
dish, is satisfactory for use in stor-
age batteries, according to Ray w.
Carpenter, Agricultural Engineer for
the University of Maryland Extern
sion Service.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1938-05-13

Impatience turns an ague into a
fever, fever to the plague. fear
into despair, anger into rage, loss
into madness and sorrow to amaze
ment.-Jeremy Taylor.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1938-05-13

But If the big industrialist and
the big shot in washington should
changes places, each would think as
the other now does.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1938-05-13
Used Cave for Glass Work

The first glass maker in Scotland
was George Hay (l566-l625). He
took advantage of a peculiarly
formed cave at Wemyss on the Fife
coast, and set up his furnace there
In.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1938-05-13

Hindus battle in the sacred Ganges
river because they believe 1t rises
from the feet Of Braham.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1938-05-13

The Mississippi river annually de-
posts 4O6,25O,OOO tons of eroded
material In the Gulf Of Mexico.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1938-05-13

The race Is not always to the swift.
and It Is never TO the loatsE,
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1938-05-13

Some mems only bad habit Is
boosting Of their good habits.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1938-05-13

The dream of an adjournment OF
Congress in early May has passed
So, likely, 1t will be June before the
lawmakers get away.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1938-05-13

The compromise ON the tax bill
was brought about by a give-and
take truce between the President
Senate and House leaders.
Greenbelt cooperator. (Greenbelt, Md.) 1937-1954, 1938-08-10
an ICE-CREl.I RECIPE

acc croa1l recipe these sumner days? hero
is ono thot is both ocsy to mako and worry
economical. It is already very popular
olorG 10 Ridge Road.
l cup sugar l snail can Coop
3 bis tbsp. cocoa ovaporatod milk
tbsp. butter l tell con Coop
l tspe vanilla ovaporotod mi
Opon tall can ovcporotod milk, place
in freezing pan to chill. Put sugar,
cocoa in heavy pan skillet low
fire, blond in buttor ith back OF spoon,
stirring constantly. Lixtaros should
become crlulbly but should not rolt. i'd
small OF ovaporotod X, stirring
constantly, end bring to rapid boil.
Whom becomes smooth and thickons,
remove from fire, add vanilla and cool.
Now ronovo ovoporatod milk from
froozinG tray, turn into Good-sizod
bowl, end whip. The stronger tho boator
the bottor the results. Add chocolate
sauce to whipped milk and put in frooz-
inG pcls. FIoozo. No stirring is
Csscry.
Ruth ay1or
DO YOU WANT il NIGHT SCHOOL?
Tho night school quosti onnoiros arc
being returned worry slowly, tho Educo-
ton Committee reports. IF you have
not answered yours, please do so, end
drop it in the box ct the food store
or the bus station, not lator than
August 18TH If you hcvo lost yours,
cddi tio nal copies available at
both tho food store and tho bus sto-
ion.
Since these quosti onllairos Givo the
committee its only knowledge OF what
Groonbolt wants in night sxhool, any
cotton by tho corlli ttoo r1ust wait
tho return and analysis Of those quos-
tio1lalroG. Tabulotion Of the first
returns shows uido rcngo Of Groon-
bolt interests, including law, polit-
icc1 science, ErG1ich, and handicroft.
Interest IL coIT1crcial subjects sooms