davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-10-27
More Equal Work Distribution Held
Only Redl Remedy For Unemployment

laration submitted by the Committee
on the Executive Councils Report, of
which Harry c. Bates, president of the
Bricklayers, Masons and Plasterers
International Union of America, was
chairman:
"While there is encouragement to be
drawn from reported increases in en-
ployment statistics there is no COM
fort to be found in those records for
the remaining millions of unemployed
workers and until every man and
woman willing and able to work has
been placed in employment the prob
lem of unemployment cannot be re-
garded as solved nor our obligations
fulfilled.
unemployment is not the problem
of the unemployed worker alone, it is
the problem of every man regardless
of his station in life.
Government spending and the pay
ment of the unemployment benefits
from whatever source are but meas
ures of temporary relief.
"The fact that members of trade
unions were in position of advantage
as compared with employees in indus
try generally during the period Of de-
clining employment is no justification
for US to pause even for a moment in
driving forward our efforts for an eff
fective and complete solution Of this
serious problem. -
Distribute Work More Equally
There is but one solution for the
abolition of unemployment and that is
a more equal distribution of available
employment through the reduction Of
Continued on Page Two)
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-10-27
Reorganization Of
Pon-Americun F.
of 1. Is Planned
A. F. L. Takes Initiative In
Effort To Promote
Labor Unity

(AFLWNS).-Defin plans for re-
organizing the Pan-American Fedora
tion of Labor, originally established
under the leadership of the American
Federation of Labor in 1918, were in
itiated by the recent annual conven-
tion of the A. F. Of L. in Houston,
Texas.
The action of the convention was
taken by the adoption of the report of
the Executive Council on the desira-
bility Of raising the living standards
of the toilers in Latin American coun-
tries to the American level, which the
Council believes could best be accom-
plished by the extension of the princi-
piles of the A. F. of L. to the labor
movements of Central America and
South America. j
The report of the Executive Council,
which the convention adopted, said:
"We should consider the immediate
advisability of reorganizing the Pan
American Federation of Labor as an
instrumentality of labor unity and best
understanding among the peoples Of
the Western Hemisphere.
Workers Denied Right to Organize
MANY of the so-called free govern
ments of Central and South America
deny the laboring man freedom to or
ganize and better his working condi-
tions. Indeed these governments can
claim very little of freedom and democ-
racy, and in fact are no less oppressive
than military relationships.
at is therefore imperative and neces-
sary that the experience in labor prob
lens, the principles and methods of the
American Federation of Labor, be ex-
tended to our less fortunate brothers
below the Rio Grande, even in those
countries utterly revolutionary or re-
dictionary.
Importance of Free Labor Movement
"Free labor movements cannot be
distinguished by correspondence alone
Continued on Page Three)
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-10-27
Morrison Stresses
A. F. L. Progress
Membership Hos Increased
Rapidly. Says A. F. Of L.
SecretdrY-Treasurer
SEES C.I. Q. DEATH
c.. l. O. Will Soon Become
Dream And q Memory.
SdYs O&cidl
BY President James M. Duffy, First
Vice President E. L. Wheatley and
William Watkin

Vice President E. L. Wheatley and
William Watkin
When the delegates to the recent an
nual convention of the American Fed
Grafton of Labor at Houston, Texas,
unanimously reelected Frank Morri-
son as secretary-treasurer of the Fed
Grafton, it was the forty-third consecu-
tive time he was chosen to fill a high
position in the A. F. of L.
First elected secretary Of the Amer
lean Federation of Labor in 1896, Mr..
Morrison was reelected every year
until 1885, when the Atlantic City
convention, following the combinations
of the Offices of secretary and treas
urer, unanimously chose him for the
newly-created office of secretary
treasurer. Subsequent conventions
have reelected him to that office every
year.
Nominated by Delegate George
At the Houston convention Mr.. Nor
rison was nominated for secretary
treasurer by Delegate Leo E. George,
president of the National Federation
of Post Office Clerks.
81 rise to nominate a man who is
probably the best known man in the
United States in the labor movement"
Mr.. George said.
"The man ! am going to nominate
is known to practically every one in
the American Federation of Labor,
and nearly every one has gone to him
at some time for guidance and for
assistance, and has never found him
wanting. p.
"Forty-two years ago you elected
him Secretary of the American Fed
Grafton of Labor. He has served ably,
honestly and capably. deem it a per-.
sonal honor to have the privilege of
placing in nomination the name of
Frank Morrison for reelection"
The delegates all arose and ap-
plauded the nomination of Mr.. Nor
rison.
The nomination of Mr.. Morrison was
seconded by Delegate William H. Har-
ris of the International Typographical
Union, who said:
II believe i only fitting, in view of
the most profound indulgence the con-
vention extended to the delegation of
the International Typographical Union
earlier in the sessions of the conven-
tion, and it becomes the duty Of
member of Mr.. Morrison's union, to
assume the duty of seconding his nom-
ination.
II therefore move that nominations
close and that the President cast the
unanimous ballot of the convention for
the election of Frank Morrison for the
Continued on Page Three)
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-10-27
Pofters Take Radio Audience Through
Huge PIont, Describing Work They Do
6 Workers. Brotherhood and
Plant Ohciuls Heard
From Newell
WORK DRAMAT1ZED
Americans At Work" Pro
gram Reviews History
Of Industry

Potters were on the air last night
speaking to between two and three
million listeners of the Americans at
Work" program, rated as the number
one educational feature in the United
States.
Speaking from the Homer Laugh
lin plant No. 4, President James
M. Duffy and Secretary-Treasurer
John D. McGillivray of the National
Brotherhood of Operative Potters, Jo-
seph M. Wells and Arthur Wells of the
Homer Laughlin China Co. manage
ment, and six workers, Eighth Vice
President Joshua Chadwick, L. U. l2;
William Magill, L. U. 10; Jack
O'Malley, L. U. 4; Thomas Cartwright,
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-10-27
Labor Non-Purtisun
League Hit By AFL
Nothing More Than C. l. O.
Agency. Is Opinion Of
Convention
OPPOSED TOLABOR
Best Interests Of American
Labor Not Served By
CLIO. Leaders
BY President James NJ. Duffy, First
Vice President E. L. Wheatley and
William Watkin

The delegates to the annual conven-
tion of the American Federation of
Labor in Houston, Texas, re-affrmed
the Federation's condemnation of La
bor's Non-Partisan League, the body
representing John L. Lewis's Commit
tee for Industrial Organization in the
political field, as dual organization
set up in opposition to the Non-Parti-
san Political Policy of the American
Federation of Labor
The matter came before the conven-
tion in the form of resolution intro
duced by the delegates of the Hotel
and Restaurant Employees Interna-
tional Alliance and Bartenders Inter
national League of America urging
the Executive Council of the A. F. Of
L. to rescind it's opposition to Labor's
Non-Partisan League and arrange a
conference with the League for the
purpose of working out a joint pro-
gram of political action.
The convention adopted the report
Of the Resolutions Committee recon-
mending non-concurrence with the res
olution, which, the Committee said,
questions "the validity of the Nom
Partisan Political Policy heretofore
followed by the American Federation
Of Labor" adding:
ION this subject your committee
calls attention to the urgent necessity
that our trade union movement keep
itself free from partisan political COM
mitments or alliance with any outside
political body, no matter what its
character may be. Your committee is
of the opinion that Labor's Non-Parti-
san League is as dual to the nonpar-
tisan policy of the American Fedora
tion of Labor as the Committee for
Industrial Organization is dual to our
movement"
The convention also approved the
general letter of March 21, 1888, sent
by the Executive Council of the A. F.
of L. to the officers of affiliated
unions relative to the status and ac-
tivity of Labor's Non-Partisan League
The letter contained the following
statement:
81. The League is nothing more than
a c. l. o. agency, ventriloquist's
dummy for the c. l. o. leaders. When
the League speaks, it is with the voice
of the C. l. O. leaders. When it acts,
it is the C. l. o. leaders who pull the
strings.
"2. 1t is opposed to the best inter-
~
should be opposed by the American
Federation of Labor.
(Continued on Page Three)
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-10-27
Over Two Million
Aided Dy New Act
Wages Increased for 10000
And Hours Shortened
For l,500.00O
TO KEEP DATA
Employers Directed To File
Data On IL. 600. 900 Men
And Women

Washington, D. C.-The Fair Labor
Standards Act of 1888 popularity called
the Wages and Hours Act, which went
into effect on October "a, Immediately
brought shorter hours for approx
mately 100000 toilers and increased
the pay of 75O,Oc0 according to esti-
mates made public by Elmer F. An
drews, Administrator of the Act, SIM
ultaneously with the issuance of regu-
lations covering records to be kept by
the employers of the 100000 OF
more workers who eventually will be
covered by provisions of the new law
The Fair Labor Standards Act
elicits renewed interest by working
men and women relative to the ma
jor provisions included in the meas
ure, with emphasis placed on those
large groups of toilers upon whom
employers have hitherto imposed long
hours Of work and sweatshop wages
and working conditions.
Minimum Wages and Maximum Hours
Prescribed
The Act marks the first endeavor of
the United States Government to es-
tablish a universal nationwide mini
mum hourly rate Of pay and a uni
versal nationwide maximum work
week for employees in industries en-
gagged in interstate commerce, and
makes it unlawful for employers to
impose wage rates below the minimum
or hours above the maximum.
The Act prescribes that all en-
ployes within its scope shall be paid
not less than Is cents an hour from
October "a, 1888, isyh October p,
1899, and not less thxn 80 cents an
hour from October "a, 1889, through
October %, 1945, after which date, a
minimum wage of 40 cents an hour
will apply nationally unless in the
an order has been entered by
the Administrator of the Act for q
specific industry or classification pre-
scribing different rate, which cannot
be less than rs cents an hour during
the first year of the operation Of the
Act nor less than 80 cents an hour
thereafter.
2 With regard to the work week the
Act fixes a maximum of a. hours for
the first year, az for the second year
and 40 thereafter. Overtime is per-
but for any work in excess of
Continued on Page ,Two)
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-10-27
Colour Week Paramount Objectivezon y
Of American Federation Of Ldbo1

that unemployment would have reach
ed were is not for this average re-
duction of labor hours during the last
10 years. In this regard we APPROX
ingly quote from the report of the Ex-
ecutive Council as follows:
To those who argue that work
week below forty-four hours would
curtail production we would cite rec
ords of the United States Department
of Labor which show that in manu-
featuring industries the hours actually
worked per week when part time is
included have averaged thirty-nine or
less in each year since 1881 t
"Your committee in concluding this
report desires to again emphasize the
continued increase on a steadily as
cending scale of production per. unit
of worker through new means and
methods of multiplied machine refine
ments. t...~ -- ...;..." .,-.
"This constant expansion of produc-
tive efficiency is. the big fact of our
time. 1t confronts us wherever we
turn. 7-. >,-r
'To master the machine and make
it serve the public welfare is now the
supreme challenge confronting. so-
ciety. aEs - i:.4.,l. III.
"Its accomplishment will make for
a larger life and soften the struggle
for existence of all workers to de-
gree surprising all that has gone be-
fore. To this end we should devote
our best efforts. ~ rayGt s,aL
"In the light of the foregoing sur
vey, it appears plain to your commits
tee that the American Federation of
Continued on Page Two)1iAa ~
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-10-27
PRESIDENTS IMPRESSION

Asked to make a statement on
last nights broadcast, President
James M. Duffy said, "Our broad
cast of last night, without question,
proved to be most fascinating and
interesting story to the radio audi
ence as to ware making. All those
participating performed very well.
However, l was keenly disappointed
in that our collective bargaining
was not featured as originally in
tended and represented to us. Nat
urally, am very much displeased
and dissatisfied because the Colum-
bia Broadcasting System did not
permit that for which we specifical-
ly contracted"
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-10-27

The distribution of available work
more equitably by the reduction of the
length of the work week was stressed
as the sole solution of the unemploy-
ment problem by the recent convention
Of the American Federation of Labor
at Houston, Texas.
The matter was brought to the at
tention of the convention by the A. F..
of l.. Executive Council which report
ed that the number of unemployed
had increased from $4,000 in Sep
tember, 1887, to 11,445,000 by June,
1898, and that today, with employment
slightly rising, the army of the job
less still is in excess Of 100000.
Young Persons Are Victimized
One important tragedy of the un-
employment situation, the Council said,
is found in the fact that "there has
been no increase in jobs to provide for
the young persons who came of work.
ing age" since September, 1887, and
that "these boys and girls add about
475,OOO more to the total number to
be employed"
The Council declared that the per-
sistence of the army of unemployed
numbering many millions "is testi-
mony enough to the need for shorter
work hours" and insisted that "indus-
try is able to make this adjustment by
steady and progressive reduction of
the work week until the 30-hour level
is reached"
=, Jobs Must Be Provided For All
...: Workers
In acting on this alarming picture
of the unemployment situation the
convention adopted the following dec
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-10-27
Cooperation From
Workers Expected
In Checking Hours
President Duffy Promises
u. S. P. A. Assistance
From Members

President James M. Duffy received
letter yesterday from Joseph M.
Wells, chairman of the U. S. P. A.'s
Labor Committee, stating the associ-
alton expected all workers to cooper
ate with the management in holding
weekly hours to AZ in conformance
with the Wage-Hour law.
President Duffy assured the Associ-
alton, in reply to Mr.. Wells, that the
N. B. of O. P. would cooperate one
hundred per cent.
Newell, w. Va.
October 26, 1888
National Brotherhood
of Operative Potters
East Liverpool, Ohio
Attention: James M. Duffy
Dear Mr.. Duffy:
1t is the intention of the members
of the United States Potters Associ-
alton to carefully observe all the pro-
visions of the Fair Labor Standards
Act. We expect all our employees to
assist us in avoiding any violations.
However, since we have found in the
past there are few of the members
of your organization who for selfish
reasons, have shown an inclination to
violate certain provisions of our wage
agreement, we desire to inform you
Continued on Page Five)
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-10-27
Green Aids Fight
In Western Stutes
Anti Union Measures Must
Be Defeated In Three :,
StQteS
FUNDS ARE NEEDED
Bills Designed To Cripple
Right To. Strike; Other 4
Union Activities

Washington, D. C.-The American
Federation of Labor is very deeply
concerned with the grave threat to the
future of the organized labor move
ment contained in the initiative meas
ures to curb trade union activities
which. will be voted upon next month
in California, Oregon and Washington.
The California measure, known as
Initiative No. L." prohibits effective
picketing and thus interferes with the
(Continued on Puqe Two)
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-10-27

(Continued on Page Three
Evening star., 1938-05-08
Rows in Hollywood Fold
Presage Better Stories
Continued From Page F-l.)

new plays developed playing
and the artcte the
truth and sincerity and naturalm
plumber an Irish farmer played Irish farmer they
eurs and each member Of the
evening because
the sincere compliment
ABBEY was the 1heaer Guild It,
It.
but they
Wndsthe
are still working for a acting
Few the Civic 1heate
fashion OF quoting their glorious
And acting
company made of amateurs
There however
parallels similar phase in the Abbey Ther
brilliant
which the
been similar in their technique yellow
depended upon special Of acting
'nhny Johnson the
hon Now busy with third
opportunity for large to act with
Like the Abbey Players beginning
own style which not copied from existing
necessity
valng style of the commercial theaer Washington
Whether to
Hollywood remains
mand the loyalty of permanent
group be formed will revealed
washington with
Theater able those
Broadway and Londons
Sincerely.
Of Nation but
Evening star., 1938-05-08
Swing Music
Is of Four
Varieties
'Harlemites' Are
No Friends of
'Chicagoans.'

LTHOUGH the average person
~ is inclined to lump all bands
~ that play loud and fast under
4 a the label swing" the swing
musicians themselves are keenly jeal-
Gus Of each other and are fervent
opponents Of one style or another. And
what is stranger. the musician who
plays 'DiXieland" looks down on the
one who plays Chicago" style and
"vice versa.
Probably the most familiar style is
the jazz that is full of strong, pounding
rhythm and blaring brass arrange
ments. This is the way Benny Good
man and Bunny Berigan play, but the
type Of mn~..~ was developed by the
Negro and has its origin back in the
Congo drums. 1t is sometimes called
Harlem style" Duke Ellington, Cab
Galloway. Jimmie Lunceford, Chick
Webb, all play Harlem" All of
them, and the Goodmans and Beri-
gans, go in for violent drumnastics,
and rhythm is the basic element in
their arrangements.
At the opposite extreme is Chicago. "
1t is slower. relaxed with gentle,
easy method of phrasing the melody.
This is the way Tommy Dorsey plays.
Dorsey has taught his men to take
their solos softly He instructs his
drummers not to accent every beat in
a measure there are four beats In
dance tempo). but to be content with
hitting the first and third beats.
A MOTHER great exponent of Chi
cago" is Maestro Red Norvo, the
greatest swing virtuoso on xylophone.
Norvo believes that swing should be
suave and subtle. and not assault the
eardrums. He tries to get the lift"
that is so essential to swing. by "tic-
king" melody rather than brow
beating it. Drummer George Wettling,
with Norvo's band. received his tym-
panic education in the great period of
jazz, l927-3l. in Chicago, during the
era of Blk Beiderbecke and Frank
Teschmaker. Wettling's smooth drum
ming helps Norvo get in the Chicago
groove.
The third important school in mod
ern swing is the "Dixieland" Once
1t was the most popular variety of Jazz,
and all bands played "Dixieland" rag
time. Today. except for a few bands,
the art has been lost, but Bob Crosby's
band still plays it in an adapted form.
Bob's New Orleans drummer, Ray
Bauduc. who got his training in pre-
war parade bands, sets the completely
different tempo for Crosbys band;
accentuating the offbeats second and
fourth). Their special numbers, like
South Rampant Street Parade" and
"Dogtown Blues" have a quaint flavor
that no other band on the air can
boast of. Louis Prima's band also
plays 'DiXieland" style. Prima. the
trumpeter-leader, was born in New
Orleans and brought the style up with
him to Broadway. He has added a
strain of sophisticated satire to Dixie
land" swing,
Finally, there is the descriptive style
of swing. which tries to make you see
picture. This style originated when
Raymond Scott began to play his
queerly-titled tunes like War Dance
. for Wooden Indians" and Twilight
in Turkey"
Evening star., 1938-05-08
Is
Not Gadget
To Some
Ballentine Comes
To Defense of
Instrument.

II OsT people don't deliberately
M cultivate the harmonica,
wv They look upon it as an
a amusing little gadget with
which they may, with luck, pick out
few wheezy tunes. But don't inti-
mate that to Bob Ballentine, the
young fellow who plays the harmonica
with the Hayloft Band on the
National Barn Dance" broadcast
over N. B. c. He takes his harmon
ica seriously.
Bob learned that harmonica tech
nique he displays by hard study and
diligent practice, and he is one Of the
few real harmonica teachers in the
country today. In addition to that,
he has made his harmonica take him
many places. When ne was 16 he
made l0,000-mile chautauqua tour.
during which he played his harmonica
during the afternoon show and took
part in "Skidding," a dramatic pro-
duction. in the evening.
He has worked in vaudeville, hotels,
night clubs and several stage circuits.
He has performed at numerous fairs,
with several name orchestras, includ-
ing Rudy Vallee, Benny Meroff, Hal
Stokes. Harry Hogan and Walter
O'Keefe
When his studies at Northwestern
University were cut short few years
ago because of the illness of his
mother. he almost gave up the idea
OF further study. but now he's at it
again. this time at the American
Conservatory of Music, under the
famous organist, Leo Sowerley.