davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Telegraf. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1909-1951, 1938-04-22
WPA pofizuje index censov-
Mich zaznamHT.

Mich zaznamIH.
Pracovn1ci WPA V St. Loui-
su dokoncili prave pod dozo-
rem 1fedn1kG Censovn1ho Il
fadu Spojenych statG podrob-
ny index sc1tan1 lidu z roku
1900.
Lide, kterf hodlaj1 c~estova-
ii, dati Sc pojistiti nebo ucha-
yeti Sc O vladn1 pensi, must
nejprve dokazati svGj vek.Ne-
mohou-li Sc vykazati SWIM
krestn1m LISTEN, pax mohou
svdj vek nejl6pe dokazati z
dat, uvedenych We starych
censovn1ch Zaznamech.
Az do roku 1886 zadalo cen
sovn1 Trad o takoveto infor-
mace jenom asi 10000 lid
rocn6. Pc zavedenf zakona O
socialnfm zabezpecen1 stoupl
vsak jejich pocet ma vice neil
100000.
Kazda zadost tohoto druhu
znamenala detailn1 prohlfdku
zaznamG, nebot jm6na nebyla
uvadena v abecednim porad-
ku. Vyhledani zadanych dat
znamenalo casio dvoudennf,a al
i celotydennf praci jednoho u
redn1ka. S mnoz1c1mi Sc "a
dostmi stale Sc brzy zjevno,ze
Dude nutno nalezti rychlejsi
zpdsob zjistovan1 potrebnych
informaci.
Znalci z censovn1ho 1Tadu
vypracovali plan ma abecedn1
seTazen1 jmen a dat narozen1
vsech osob, uvedenych pTi sci
TAM lidu roku 1900 a Works
Progress Administration Wy
brala z lidl, berouc1ch podporu
We meste ST. Louis, armada
5000 drednfkd, kteff NELL u
vesti plan We skutek. PotTeb-
ne fondy byly poskytnuty
WPA. Kazdy zadatel O praci
ma tonic projektu byl podro-
ben zkousce, j1z Sc zjistilo, k
jake praci Sc nejlepe hod1.
Censovn1 knihy uvadely 76
miliond jmen. Zaznamy o &C.
lie rodine byly zaneseny ma je-
diny lfstek, doplneny l1stkem
dodatecnym, byla-li rodina ne
obycejne pocetna. Tfmto zpG-
sobem ocitla Sc jmena 10000.
900 lid ma 33 milionech l1stk1.
Kazdy lfstek byl pro jistotu
jeste jednou porovnan S pu-
vodn1mi zaznamy a byl alta
beticky zaTazen do kartotek
poole stat6 nebo obc1.
Prace S t1mto vs1m spojena
byla ovsem ohromna a byla
stezovana jeste tim, re pGvod-
nj zaznamy byly psany rucne
a musely byti v nekterych pT1-
padech lust6ny znalci p1sma.
Pres rGzne obt1ze bylo vsak &c
lie d1lo ukonceno jiz v bTeznu
1887, pc osmnactimes1cn1 pra-
ci.
Zjistovanf dine narozenf clo-
veka, uveden6ho v censu, KITE
re kdysi vyzadovalo dvou az
sesti dnG, je dnes otazkou
dvou-tr1 minut. Naklad "a
star6ho systemu pacil Sc ma
diva az pet dolarG "a osobu,
kdezto v prftomnosti nepfesa-
huje 2 Gently. Toto tedy zna-
mena, re projekt Sc behem ne
kolika let samocinne zaplat1.
Jinou dobrou strankou pro-
jektu bylo zlepsen1 pomerG
pracujfc1ch ma mem zamestnan
CT WPA. Mnoz1 z mich byli uz
diva i vice rokG bez prace; JIM
potTebovali lekaTskeho osetTe-
nj, bryli, nebo sprawl zuby.
Nemocnice a soukrom1 l6kari
mezi mimi i rGzn1 Specialist u
volili Sc pecovati O tyto "a
mestnance "a m1rny poplatek
a ma splatky. Vysledkem by
10, re zdrav1 zamestnanc1 sc
~zlepsilo a re mohli konati svou
praci lepe.
Uspech tohoto projektu ma
de vs1 pochybu dokazal, re cd
nynejska mali byti vsechny
censovnf zaznamy seradeny
tax, ably v mich bylo mono
snadno nalezti potrebna data.
Jedna skupina zamestnancG
WPA poTizuje We mest6 New
Yorku index censu z r. 1920;
s esvou cinnosti zapocala v u
noru t. r.
zeny do policejni sluzby.
Evening star., 1938-08-18
CLERK IS BLAMED
IN LASH|NC DELAY
Wife.Beater Will Receive
Whipping When Term.
Ends, Official Says.
BY q stan Correspondent OF The Star.

By q StAu correspondent OF The star.
ROCKVILLE. Md. Aug. l8.-State's
Attorney James H. Pugh declared to-
day Sheriff G. Ellington Bell acted
entirely lin accordance with the law
in turning over Brown c. Turner, ~.
of Derwood to the Maryland House Of
Correction before q sentence Of 10
lashes for wife beating was carried
out. He added that apparently the
loose handling of the commitment by
the office of the clerk Of Police Court"
resulted in delay of the whipping.
my Office will lodge the wife-beat-
ing commitment with the warden Of
the Maryland House of Correction
with instructions for him to release
Turner to the sheriff of Montgomery
County at the expiration of the term
he is serving for assaulting Policeman
William Crawford at the time of his
arrest" Mr.. Pugh said. The 10 lashes
will be administered at that time"
Mr.. Pugh had no direct connection
with Turner's prosecution, as 1t came
about in Police Court. He began
his investigation of the situation when
it became known a sentence imposed
by Judge Harold C. Smith had not
been carried out.
Examination disclosed the commit
ment papers in the beating case were
not delivered to Sheriff Bell, who
was without authority to carry out
the mandate of the court without
them, Mr.. Pugh explained. The COM
mitment in the assault case, however
for which Turner was given the Jail
sentence was given the sheriff and
the prisoner was taken to the House
of Correction Immediately, as is the
usual practice of the sherif1s ONCE
Mr.. Pugh said.
Just why the commitment calling
for the lashing OF Turner was kept
in the clerks of1ice flleS. instead oi
being given the sheriff, will be looked
into further, the States attorney said
Evening star., 1938-08-18
By the Associated Press.

CAMBRIDGE, England. Aug. 18.-
Education should swerve from the
classical to emphasis on world proc
lens in training youth Ito deal intel
ligently with existing conditions" in q
world of clashing ideologies," Prof
Thomas G. Taylor OF the University OF
Toronto told the British Association
for the Advancement of Science today
He praised the United States
where the legend that culture is i'm
possible without the classics is nearly
dead" but asserted that many schools
of the British Empire gave undue
place to classical teaching.
World Of Peace Aim.
There is no need to learn Greek to
understand Greek philosophy" Prof
Taylor told the convention.
Our immediate objective should be
q world of peace This can only b<
attained by studying world problems
especially those involving other ma
lions and cultures"
While there is no risk today in
teaching scientific fact, he continued,
there is grave danger in many circles
in stating the truth about Communism
Socialism, Judaism, Nordicism and
many other isms' which conflict with
established or dictatorial interests"
Discussing Jewry and Germany's
application of the word "Aryan,"
Prof. Taylor declared "Aryan" can be
applied only to speech and 'Nordic'
indicates breed and can be applied
only to race"
The term Jew" he said. should be
used only in connection with religion,
and the term should be Jewish cult"
rather than Jewish race"
Two Races Of Jews.
Jews, like Germans. are Of two dif-
ferent races. Taylor explained.
Evening star., 1938-08-18
Henry

CONTINUED from F1fSt faSeJ
cellulose and the like should be tried.
No one could foresee the results. In
the case of zenzene we have nitrogen.
zene, the key to tn aniline dye indus
try. In the case of glycerin, in 1876
was obtained the highly explosive
liquid called nitroglycerin. The dis.
coverer meant no harm, and in fact
his discovery lay dormant for many
years until in 1863 Nobel showed how,
by mixing glycerin with other sub
stances, solid explosives could be made
which admitted of safe handling.
Dynamite was one OF them. They
proved invaluable in the arts OF peace
for instance in mining and in making
railway tunnels. They were too long ir
use in peaceful industry for theil
misuse to be laid directly to the &C.
count Of science.
Discover Don't Foresee Uses.
During the Great War chlorine gas
was used on a large scale. I neeC
hardly insist that chlorine was mol
isolated by chemists for this purpose
1t was discovered 140 years before as
step in the inquiry into the nature
of common salt. We may take mustard
gas as typical. In an 1894 dictionary
Of chemistry there is an article oil
less than 40 words about mustard
gas under the heading of 'dichlordie.
thyl sulphide.' 1t is dismissed with
the words oil, very poisonous, ano
violently inflames the skim There
are 16 other compounds described al
comparable length on the same page
So far as know. none of them is oil
any Importance.
"A not uncommon type of critic
would probably say that the investiga-
Evening star., 1938-08-18

ton of them had been useless, the
work Of impractical dreamers who
might have been better employed. One
of these substances is quite unex-
pectedly applied to war and the pro-
duction Of it is held by the critics to be
the work not of dreamers. but Of
fiends whose activities ought to be
suppressed. Finally, at the bottom Of
the page, begins q long article or
chloroform. On the same principle
the investigator who produced it was
no doubt an angel Of mercy. The
trouble is that all the investigators
proceeded in exactly the same spirit
OF scientific curiosity, with no possi-
bility of telling whether the issue OF
their work would prove them to be
fiends or dreamers or angels"
Advice Of Science Unheeded.
One OF the terrors predicted for the
next war, he said, is the thermite in
cendiary bomb by means of which air.
planes can cause confiagrations in
great cities. Thermite Is essentially
mixture of aluminium and red oxide Of
iron, the aluminium drawing the oxy-
gen from the iron and becoming bril-
liantly incandescent in the process
He himself first heard of this material
as early as 1901, Lord Rayleigh said.
when the only use proposed for it was
in welding. Nobody then dreamed that
it would have any application in war
and its potentialities were not even
realized during the World War.
Long after the invention of the air.
plane, which now has revolutionized
warfare, Lord Rayleigh said, both Brit
ish and German military leaders did
not consider it OF any Importance in
warfare Would it be fair" he said,
ito blame the inventors for not having
realized it, and for not having stayed
their hands,"
For good or ILL.," Lord Rayleigh
concluded, 1.-The urge to explore the un-
known Is deep in the nature of some
of us and it will not be deferred by
possible contingent results which may
not be, and usually are not, apparent
until long after the death of the ex-
plorer. The world Is ready to accept
the gifts of science and to use them
for its own purposes 1t is difficult to
see any sign that it Is willing to accept
the advice Of scientific men as to what
those uses should be-"
Evening star., 1938-08-18

When difficulties are encountered or
other special circumstances arise such
earlier ambitions may reassert them
selves with very disturbing and even
disastrous results for the individual" !"
And for whatever 1t is worth or
whatever it means, here is DR..
Browns prescription for happiness
after so:
"A sound philosophy of life, prac-
tical as we'll as theoretical, harmonic
ing biological and psychological
needs, and leading up to a supra
temporal and duly co-ordinated system
of values and a serene and courageous
spiritual outlook, gives the highest
degree of unity, vigor and perma-
nence to the personality and leads to
true happiness"
Evening star., 1938-08-18
Emphasis on World Problems
Urged in Training of Youths

Dominant Jews in Europe, which in
cluded about three-fourths of the
whole body, wree broad-headed Alpines
like the rest OF mid European peoples,
he said.
"Racially German Jews are Alpines
like the South Germans and their
languages best are called Judeo-
German"
He suggested that the Nordic folk of
Germany and Scandinavia originally
spoke an Altaic language, like Finn
or Ostiak, and only in relatively recent
linguistic history learned the Aryan
tongue.
This speculation as to ancestral
tongue Of the blond overlords' is not
likely to be acceptable in Teutonic
circles" he concluded.
Evening star., 1938-08-18
White House Summer Cleaning
Begun, but Tasks Are Lighter

Executive Mansion its annual thor
ough" cleaning.
Workmen will wash all walls and
paintwork. Upholstered furniture will
be dry cleaned. The State dining room
rug and some other carpets will be
cleaned.
In September the mammoth
chandeliers in the east room will get
their turn-late enough to be glisten-
ing when the President and Mrs.
Roosevelt return. 1t takes six men a
day and q half to clean each Of the
three pieces. Only the electrician is
allowed to touch the valuable tear
drop" chandelier in the green room.
Cleaning of the silk damask walls
Evening star., 1938-08-18

BY the Associated Press.
The White House staff retufted
mattresses and washed walls today in
gay good humor
For one thing, employees were just
back from vacations, and for another.
summer cleaning tasks this year will
be much lighter than usual.
Last year the tall Monroe sconces in
the green room were regilded. Two
years ago the tall candelabra which
once graced Joseph Bonaparte's castle
in Spain were taken apart and re-
finished
Almost no special cleaning tasks are
scheduled this fall. but the staff will
be busy until October giving the
Evening star., 1938-08-18
MARTIN CHARGES FREY
SEEKS TO SMEAR c. |. o.
Ey the Associated Press.

81 the Associated Press.
DETROIT, Aug. 18.-Homer Martin,
president Of the United Automobile
Workers Of America, said last night
that IL John P. Frey, testimony before
q congressional committee Mr.. Frey
was speaking as an official of the
American Federation of Labor and
desires only to use this opportunity to
injure the Committee for Industrial
Organization"
Many of Mr.. Frey's statements are
obviously calculated to prejudice the
American people against the C. I. o."
Mr.. Martin said in statement. II
do not hesitate to say that many of
Mr.. Frey's statements are simply not
true.
If the Dies Committee subpoenaes
me, Of course will appear. However,
Evening star., 1938-08-18
GRAPE IS iNDORSED

The Cleveland Park Business Mems
Association yesterday sent a letter to
President Roosevelt indorsing Theo-
dore 8. Grape. president Of the Fed
Grafton of Business Mems Associations,
for District Commissioner. to succeed
Commissioner George E. Allen. whose
resignation is effective September l.
The resolution was passed unani-
mously at the associations last
meeting
Evening star., 1938-08-18
HABERDASHERY

9 $40 Palm Beach Robes, large sizes----h Price, $5
$3.50 Summer Robes s-----------1a Price, $3.75
81 $3.50 to $3.50 AnWool Sleeveless Sweaters,
Half Price
81 $3.50 White BroadcIoth Collar Shirts Sizes
IA to II, Sleeves 81 to 36-----------sl.95
Is $3.50 Cabardine Raincoats- 1895
"a Group of 81, $3.50 Sport Belts s---- Half Price
14S $3.50 Finest Quality Woven Madras Shirts. All
Sizes Observation-Disclosures Price, $l.75
103 $3.50 Fine Quality Silk Neckwear- Price, 7se
$3.50 Oxford Shirts white blue lue------------$1.95
81 Undershr. and Shorts, all izes----6Sc
Sse Fancy Silk Hosiery, all sizes for 81
$3.50, 50 Madras and Broadcloth Pajamas as-----$19S
$3.50, $3.50 Sports Shirts splendid assortment $l.95
$3.50 Pure Silk White SoftPleated & Plain Summer
Tuxedo Shirts, collar attached ---1A Price, $3.7S
81 Congo & Prestleys Nor-East Summer Ties ----75e
II $3.50, $3.50 Imported Foulard & Crepe Silk
Evening star., 1938-08-18
Drill in Oxygen Apparatus Use.

In an effort to reduce fatalities due
to asphyxiation aboard ships, the
Bureau of Marine Inspection and
Navigation of the Department of Com
merce is having its inspectors through
out the country instruct ships officers
and crews in the efficient upkeep and
use of the oxygen breathing apparatus,
the fresh air mask, flame safety lamp.
gas concentration detectors and
Evening star., 1938-08-18

in the blue, red and green rooms also
will be delayed until just before the
first family returns. Draperies are
being cleaned and curtains laundered
as they need it.
Linens and bedding are checked and
mended if necessary.
The finest damask napkins. en-
brOidered with ~. S." in q shield, are
not used for guests after they are
mended, however. AS in other Amerl-
can households, they are reserved for
meals when the first family is alone.
Evening star., 1938-08-18
PRE-SCHOOL CLINIC SET
p.s STAFF Correspondent of The Star.

Pa STAFF Correspondent Of The Star.
GREENBELT, Md. Aug. ia
pre-school clinic for children who will
start their studies in Greenbelt's S
schools this year will be held at the
Medical Center here from 1870 to
pm. tomorrow.
DR.. Thomas Christensen. director,
said a complete medical and dental
examination will be given children at
tending the clinic and free vaccina-
tions and inoculations for smallpox
and diphtheria will be given by the
director, with the consent of parents.
Evening star., 1938-08-18

the International Union has proceeded
to deal with the problem OF Con,
munistic activities in its own way
We do not need and do not want the
assistance Of reactionaries whose object
is to weaken the C.. I. o. and the
labor movement generally"
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1938-06-24

took follows W. W. Strode
the picked by the most perfect built athlete
William Watson Michigan captain elect of the Wolverine
ngehanded the Big Ten cham
ponsp bun Williams and Lloyd Thompson of Xavier New Or
ean products of the great Ralph Metca although
unable the trip. Ed Burke Marquette This
Allen Michigan also good high jumping Cas Walker Ohio State
N. Fred Aence and Marion Prairie View; Ben Johnson
captain Columbia the hard luck fellow
the When Johnson to the meet he the champion
the 100 Running the heat with Eerbee Friday
Qualifying day. finished ahead latter but Saturday
different The Tukegee flashed
ahead him. Now then make matters this
Johnson favorite the 220 yard dash and
ankle had yards forcing him of the
bad admit however, Johnson opinion,
still plenty fast Al Scsco Tukege handicapped by injury
during the meet
For American track nominations allow to make choice
and refer other than Dave Aon and Gil Cr These
sterling athletes really special mention for their effort
the high jump seemed though their would have to be
called because darkness Why? the boys had jumped and
jumped than After their opponents been em
mated after they had broken the record the bar raised
1884, each had three trials neither could make Had
boys the would have broken the worlds record Hence
these boys who had the champon departed the
Alma Mater victorious Yep Bs boy Eerbe turned out
tionay Bill all smiles after the OShied will enter his
two boys the A A u meet be held Buffalo July End and Srd
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1938-06-24
The Spotlight
(By Jimmy Lee)

Well, my friends, those of you who
failed to attend the National Collegiate
track meet held out at the University
of Minnesota last Friday certainly
missed a rare treat. This, the seven
teenth meet, marked the first time the
event has ever been in Minnesota. The
meet was well attended both days Fri
day and Saturday,.
Twenty colored athletes took part in
the various events. Of the twenty, six
came out as champions of their event.
The champions were as follows: John
Woodruff of Ohio State, $50 yard run,
time, 1918; Mozelle Ellerbee of Tus-
kegee, 100 yard dash-time, 81; Will
liam Lacefeld of U. C.. L. A, broad
jump-distance 25.1B; Dave Albritton
of Ohio State and Gil Cruter of Colo
RADIO tied for high jump-height, 6.8&;
Mack Robinson of Oregon, 220 yard
dash-time, 21.3.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1938-11-03

navy, called home by the death of his
mother, is remaining for short time
on furlough from his training station,
San Diego, California, where he will
return at the expiration of his furlough.
Evelyn Dyhr, '38, who went to Port
land for visit with relatives, is now
employed in a law office as secretary.
Evelyn, while in school here, won all
the awards that can be attained by a
high school student in shorthand and
tipping. She typed the Ely High Lights
last year.
Miss Esther Paciotti and Miss Mary
Louise Myers are the debate coaches
this year. The hand books for the de-
baters were given out last week at
the first meeting of those who are out
for debate this season which has be-
gun and will last until next March.
Barnetta Agnew entertained twenty
guests at hay ride party on Thursday
evening. After riding about for the
first part of the evening, the group
went to the Community Center where
games were played and a lunch was
served
SUBSCRIBE FOR THE MINER
YOUR Home Town Paper
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1938-11-03
SCHOOL NOTES

A comedy 'Norah's Mixup" was given
at the meeting of the D. A. c., Thursday
night. Those participating and who
planned the affair are Mildred Riikola,
chairman; Vienna Savola, Marie Cha
chich, Dolores Ellefsen, Evelyn Thomp-
son and Esther Tjader. In addition to
the comedy, Rotations and song num-
bers were presented by the group.
Albert Saari, class of 81 and Harry
Turula, '38, took the examination a
week ago Saturday for. entrance to
West Point Military academy. The re-
suits of the examinations have as yet
not been announced.
According to High Lights, several for
mer students are working in various
parts of the United States. Albin
Mrache, SO, has been in the navy for
one year on the ship West Virginia
cruising along the west coast. In jan
uary he will sail for New York ano
from there to foreign countries.
Ernest Cook, ST., of Winton in the
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1938-11-03
Is Tons Clam
Shells Shipped.

Pillager-As a result of an industry
that flourished on the Crow Wing river
near Pillager the past summer, about
Is tons of clam shells were shipped over
the Northern Pacific railway last week.
Otto Schneider supervised the loading
of the shipment which went to Mem
phis, Tenn, where the shells will be
made into buttons. Several men were
engaged in fishing for the clans in the
Crow Wing river here during the sum-
mer. No estimate was given as to the
value but they will undoubtedly make
several hundred dollars worth of pearl
buttons.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1938-11-03

nected with the house. Smelling smoke
she discovered that the garage was on
fire. The building and two cars inside
were blazing when Jne IRE department
arrived and a car outside the garage was
beginning to burn. Although definite
evidence was lacking, firemen believe
the fire may have been caused by a
short circuit in one of the cars and the
warning automobile horn was probably
started by a similar circumstance.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1938-11-03
Cars Queen Horn Sounds
Alarm of Garage Fire

Hastings-The loud footing of an
automobile horn appears to have saved
the home of Mr. and Mrs. Lloyd P.
Kingston early one Sunday morning
recently. Mrs Kingston was awakened
by the constant noise of an auto horn
sounding from the garage which is con-
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1938-11-03
Students Make Garments
for National Contest

Students of the sewing class, under
Miss Holmberg, are busy working on
garments to be entered in the Crown
Tested Rayon Sewing contest to end on
December IL this year. Any outer gar
ment such as a coat, suit dress or house
coat may be made. Only one entry
from this class will be sent in to COM
pete in the nationwide contest for the
ten grand prizes, the first of which
is 500. General appearance, workman
ship, individuality, becomingness and
style, all figure in the juogfng qualifi-
cations.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1938-11-03
FORMER ENGINEER VISITS.

VIM. Tracy, formerly engineer on the
D. & I. r., who now makes his home in
Minneapolis, was nthe city this week
visiting with friends and putting in
good words for the candidacy of his son,
VIM. Tracy for Judge of District Court.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1938-11-03
FRESHMEN GET REVENGE.

The Freshmen took revenge on the
Sophomore by defeating them in the
football tussle 6 to O. John Novak,
fast Freshman, at the kickoff ran the
ball back for IS yards for the only
touchdown made in the game. The
kick for extra point was blocked. The
Frosh team was composed of G.. Hook
ing, w. LeBeau, R. Lindholm, G. john
son, Clark, Brennan, Brownell, Nest
mix, Thompson, Novak and E. Grahek.
For the Sophs, Grahek, Hutar, Lundeen,
Carlson, Bunney, Handberg, Prola,
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1938-11-03

Rowe, Kalan, R. johnson and Hedloff
played in the game.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1938-11-03

SUBSCRIBE FOR THE MINER
YOUR Home Town Paper!
Evening star., 1938-01-23

"Ordinary cleansing meth
ods. which merely polish
the exposed surfaces of your
teeth. fail to remove the de-
caying food deposits in hid
den crevices between your
teeth. And these deposits,
tests indicate. are the source
of most bad breath Of
dull. dingy teeth and of
much tooth decay.
"ButColgate Dental Cream
has a special penetrating foam
which gets into these tiny