davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-11-10
COMMENT ON WORLD
EVENTS

Adolf Hitler has offered to France
and Britain a. no-war treaty for from
10 to 25 years Chamberlain seems
to be considering the idea with favor,
though in France, even the tories are
baking at it.
1t is clear that neither France nor
Britain will get anything from such a
treaty, except a doubtful guarantee
of peace which no civilized govern
ment of Germany would break. Hitler,
on the other hand, will get free hand
to carry out his long-held plan of Mid
die Europe. Berlin will be-if Hitler
can make it so-the real capital not
only of an enlarged Germany; but of
Poland, Hungary, all the Balkan
states, and as much of western Russia
as can be conquered.
Draw line on the map of Europe
from the North Sea at the border be-
tween the Netherlands and Germany
to the Mediterranean at the border
between Italy and France. Draw an
other line from the eastern end of the
Baltic Sea to the middle of the Black
Sea. Hitler, avowedly and openly
means to rule everything between
those lines, and he is trying to stave
off trouble in western Europe until
this empire is established.
x x X
1t makes no difference whether any
one in any other country believes he
can do this. He believes it-he put ii
in his book, "Mein Kampf;" and nc
official in Germany is allowed to be.
lieve anything else, witness the re-
tirement of German generals who op.
posed the raids on Austria and Czecho-
slovakia. Believing this, he is likely
to try it, whether France and Britain
agree to stand off or not.
Look now at a larger map, mar
of the Eastern Hemisphere, and sec
if you can imagine how Britain anc
France can sign up to allow this, OF
Italy can consent to be party to it.
Hitler as Lord of Middle Europe
can smash or capture the Suez Cana
whenever he wishes. He is right across
the track to British India, with al
easy march to the Red Sea and the
Persian Gulf He is much closer te
India, South Africa, Australia ant
New Zealand than Britain is. He car
block Italy and Ethiopia with single
bomb at Suez, and crush France b!
sheer numbers.
Hitler believes he can do these
things; and has made no small prog
ress in doing them. Keep that in mint
in reading foreign news.
X X x
The British National Council of La
Dor, the joint body of the Trades Uniol
Congress, Labor Party and Parlia
mentary Labor Party, has passed ;
resolution which reminds the govern
ments which gave their agreement t.
the cession of the Sudeten German
districts Of their moral duty to pro
tect the Czechoslovakian people
against acts of tyranny, agains
spoliation and injustice. The resolu
ton also demands the release from
German prisons of the political prison
ers and hostages from the Sudetel
German districts.
The National Council Of Labor ha
also made an immediate start on th'
practical work of helping those wh'
are paying for the Munich agreement
A collection has been opened, to whicl
all sections of the population are urge'
to contribute. The money is bein,
sent to the Czechoslovakian Relic
Fund of the International Federation
, of Trade Unions.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-11-10

The question of wages is fundamental 1t is
useless to talk of individual liberty, free institu
tons and equal opportunities for all, so long as it
is possible for employers, moved by greed, to de-
stroy the economic balance between production
and wages which is essential to national pros
perity.-John p. Frey.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-11-10
WHAT NEXT?

Windows that can be raised or
lowered electrically by pressing
button may be household con-
venience of the near future, ac-
cording to John ID. Biggers, presi-
dent of Libbey-Owens Ford Glass
Company.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-11-10
THREE YEARS WITH THE NLRB

Washington, ID. C.-The accumu-
lative record of the National Labor Re-
lations Board of three years of active
operation, which ended in October,
shows that 4,0Sl,l91 workers were in
volved in the 1857 unfair labor prac-
tice and representation cases filed with
the Board during that period, accord
ing to recent statement by the
Board
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-11-10
WILL BE HELD SOON

Washington, d. C.-Public hearings
on numerous applications already re-
ceived for exemptions for learners
from the wage provisions of the Fair
Labor Standards Act will be held soon,
Administrator Andrews stated recent
w.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-11-10
TRUTHS POWDERED WHILE
Riding at, Anchor
MR.. MODESTUS
. WORKERS GLAD
= BIG NAVIES
= MADE IN JAPAN
. CLAIMING OF DEMOCRACY

. MADE IN JAPAN
. CLAIMING OF DEMOCRACY
Are American workers glad
To be building the Biggest Navy" ?
Are we happy, when we find upon
our counters
Goods labelled "Made in Germany? ?
Did it please US, when Japan sank
U. S. gunboat Panay?
Are we amused, when Mussolini
spits on democratic ideals?
None of these things are exactly en-
tertaining-
But some folks only say: $50
whatv'-
Building Big Navies might increase
employment
But what about effect on standards
of living
If all those billions go into powder
and steels-
Instead Of into bread, and cloth, and
lumber for houses?
What is probable effect upon labor
union movement
If we march right on, with open
eyes
Getting prepared for a major mill
tary effort
Which we openly anticipate?
x X X
Prices on these things marked
"Made in Germany"-
Or in Czechoslovakia, or in Japan
Are not just simply cheap prices
Index of nice bargains.fo the house.
wife--These prices are holes where
the sappers are digging
Undermining American standards Of
labor and life
Cutting foundations from unde,
trade union agreements
Acceptance of Oriental prices
Is acceptance of Oriental levels OF
living
For American workers working ir
the same industries
X X X
This slamming shut of the Oper
Door to the Orient
Is it matter of Indifference to the
American workers?
1t might be so, if those who are
closing the door
Themselves had clear intention OF
staying there themselves
But this slogan of "Asia for the
Asatics"-
Has too clearly the same sound
AS "Italy for the Italians
Which now reaches out for a whole
ancient Roman Empire
Or, Germany for the Germans
Expanding all too soon to include
Czechoslovakia-
While pointing directly and openly
If deliberately
Toward Persian Bagdad, Soutl
American Brazil
Or who knows what other center o:
German ambition
Marked hitherto, all innocently, b.
a German brewery
X X X
Are Free Trade Unions to perisl
from the earth?
They have been doomed, of late
From all but the western fringes o
Europe
In all Asia, there are none, nor like
ly to be
Few and weak are they in Soutl
America
How they shall meet the presen
! test in Britain
What shall be their fate in France
May be something done, under tn
threat of Hitler
Dictator in fact, now giving order
to British democracy
X X X
These things are happening all o.
far-of shores
You say SO; yet, it was but few
nights ago
We listened intent enough to whisp
ers across the long waves
To the enthralling story of tn
Claiming of Democracy.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-11-10

The British are beginning to think that the
Japanese in Canton are too close neighborS to
Hong Kong to be friendly. They should have
thought of that before Chamberlain went to
kow tow to Hitler.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-11-10

WISDOM

When besieged by ambitious
tyrants find means of offense and
defense in order to preserve the
chief gift of Nature, which is lib
erty.-LeOnard da Vinci.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-11-10

Pecans don't taste so good when you know
that the folks who prepare them get 10 cents an
hour.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-11-10
A SPY AROUND THE CORNER
(FrOm the Journal of Labor, Atlanta, Ga

There is d spy around the corner if we may
judge by what we read in the papers. Evidently,
we shall all have to take up the practice Of looking
Twin-City herald., 1938-12-03

nCAL LIIuO YOU T9
In that predicament plan to have
Jellied Southern Cole Slaw. It's
the best possible balance to the
main dish, and will complete the
meal perfectly.
JeIIied southern Cole Siaw
package lemon-Aavored gsla.
tin, l cup hot water; N cup can.
ned pineapple juice; 3 tablespoons
vinegar: Y teaspoon salt; z1s cups
finely shredded cabbage. " cup
cream, whipped; l tablespoon diced
pimiento.
Dissolve gelatin in hot water,
add pineapple juice, tablespoon
vinegar, and " teaspoon salt. Chill.
Season cabbage with remaining
tablespoon vinegar and Y teaspoon
salt When gelatin is slightly
thickened, place in bowl Of cracked
Ice or ice water and whip with ro.
tary egg beater until FUZZY and
thick like whipped cream Fold tn
whipped cream, cabbage, and pk
miento. Turn into mold. Chill untf,
firm Unmold on crisp lettuce. Ger
ush with mayonnaise. Serves 9.
Twin-City herald., 1938-12-03

season with o
good old fash.
ioned oyste r
stew But meal
p | q n n ers are
sometimes hard
put to 1t to know
st " at to
serve with an oy.
.ster stew The
nAYf fimA x1Nn'rA
Twin-City herald., 1938-12-03
Calyin's Newspaper Service
TESTED RECIPE
By ErHaess Les Ekzkos

A LII lovers OF oysters-ard their
"A name il legion = like to eeIe-
brate the opening of the oyster
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-07-14
NO TIME FOR WAGE CUTS

The American Federation of Labor, in it's cur
rent survey of business sounds an emphatic warn
ing against wage cuts, which industry will do well
to heed. Quite likely with the railroads attempt
to slash wages in mind, the Federation warns par
ticuarly against wage reductions by some large
industry which might be the beginning of dis
astrous movement.
ut is clear the Federation says, "that an
increase in industrial production is the nations
chief economic need equally clear that production
cannot increase if buying power is cut away. With
rising production unit costs will be reduced the
danger of widespread wage cutting will fade out
Jas business improves.
But there is still the possibility that some
Industry employing a large number of workers
might cut wages and start off series of wage
cuts throughout industry. If this happens it would
have strong deflationary effect to offset the
beginnings of improvement and start business in
Ito further decline"
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-07-14
PROFITS OUT OF POISONS

The New York State Labor Department has
uncovered another of those devices which produce
industrial profits at the price of human sickness.
1t is called the Fused collar" really, non-wilting
collar, that does not require any starch. But to
this substance into the collar it was necessary to
use "monomethyl ether of ethylene glyco;" which
lis poison that gives bad result when forming
only 25 parts to a million parts of air.
Two boys, one with only a months work at
the factory, were SO sick and doped that they
could scarcely understand what was said to them
One man hod not fully recovered after years re-
spite.
The last question that too many business men
ASK about new scheme is whether it is danger
Gus to the workers. cracking fine for the use
of dangerous substances, or, better STILL stiff
jail sentence for damaging anyones health with
such stuff would tend to breed a little more hu.
Imane attitude.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-07-14
PRICE FIXING AND DEPRESSIONS

Thurman Arnold, the new Assistant Attorney
General of the United States, told the Advertising
Federation of America the other day:
"In order to keep prices up, industry is chok-
ing off it's own avenues of distribution, and de-
creasng employment.
'"rhe shock of the business recession in the
steel industry is not reflected in reduced prices.
But steel payrolls have declined 55 per cent in
the past year."
Mr. Arnold has directed attention to one of
the worst things about monopolistic control. In
dustries like steel and cement, where handful of
and much smaller handful Of bankers
dictate industrial policy, fix their prices and hold
them to the limit. If the public cannot buy at
these prices, the plants close; but the prices do
not drop A world wide bumper crop of wheat
means cheaper wheat-though not, in this coun-
try, cheaper bread. But the equivalent of bump
er crop in steel does not mean cheaper steel. 1t
merely means idle and hungry steel workers.
'"The power to fix prices without public respon-
sibility is the same as the power to tax without
said Mr. Arnold again; and again
he is right. If the present antitrust laws cannot
stop this extortion other laws must he found.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-07-14
4 + 4 4 + i j. + 4 = 4 + = 4 4
IN TIE NEWS
4 + + + f T. 4 w#******s + + + !

Leon Henderson, one of the eco
nomists on the monopoly inquiry, is a
man of good eight-though his six
foot, four colleague thinks him short.
He has heavy shoulders, large head,
hazel eyes. He was born in New
Jersey; graduated from the Quaker
college of Swathmore in Pennsylvania
working his way through; and solemn
ly asserts that he had Ia regular and
irregular sources of income while about
it. He went to the war; but didn't get
over. He has been an associate profess
of of economics at the Carnegie Insti-
tute for nine years with the Russell
Foundation, and for nearly two years
was director of the Research and
Planning Division Of the NRA.
1t was while he occupied this last
place that he did the work which con-
|tributed to his selection for the staff
of the monopoly quiz. Leon Hender-
son turned out report on the auto
mobile industry that is a classic
among social studies. Here are few
almost chance chosen sentences:
"Many of the parts companies have
in fact been the sweatshops of the au-
tomobile industry"
"The uncertainty of employment is
the spectre which is shaunting the
automobile worker today and which
has been haunting him for years."
"Favoritism and direct financial
demands on the workers by the fore
men seem to have been common"
among the 500 single wage-earn-
er families in Detroit in the automo-
bile industry was sample of "a wage
earners who worked less than IL weeks
in the reporting establishment .
(and) sample of 1877 wage-earners
working II weeks and less than "a
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-07-14

In addition there is a drastic prohibition
against the willful discharge or discrimination
against any employe for having any complaint
charging violation of the Act or for testifying in
any case under the Act
All of these and other violations are prohibited
under Section Is. The penalties for violations are
set forth in Section 16, the first subsection OF
which reads as follows:
"Any person who willfully violates any of the
provisions of Section Is shall, upon conviction
thereof, be subject to fine Of not than $1O,
900, or to Imprisonment of not more than six
months, or both. No persons shall be imprisoned
under this subsection except for an offense COM
mitted after the conviction of such persons for a
prior offense under this subsection"
In addition the penalties section stipulates that
any employer who violates the minimum wages
section of the Act ''shall be liable to the employe
or employees affected in the amount, as determined
by the Administrator, of their unpaid minimum
wages or their unpaid compensation as the case
may be and in an additional equal amount as liqui-
dated damages"
Evidently Section 16 will exercise compre-
hensive influence in deterring low-wage and long
hour employers from jumping the traces of the
Federal Wages and Hours Act.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-07-14

SENATOR BAILEY SHOULD GO TO SCHOOL

In final blast against the wage-hour bill, SEN
ator Bailey Of North Carolina delivered himself
of this choice gem:
81 do not think it can be said that the differ
ence between 25 cents an hour and 20 cents an
hour, or the difference between 20 cents an hour
and so cents an hour is matter of health, or is
related to health that health is related to it. >"
DR.. Jessamne Whitney and her trained staff
dug out of the u. S. Census reports of 1880 the
fact that death rates are primarily governed by
income. They proved that in proportion to num-
bers, sickness and death are practically twice as
frequent among the lowest incomes as among
those a few grades higher. They proved that un-
skilled workers have three times as much tuber-
culosis and seven times as much pneumonia-again
in proportion to numbers, as do the professional
groups and they clnched a fact which every ex-
perenced and worthwhile doctor already knew
from his own experience that new born baby s
chances of dying before his first birthday depend
largely on his fathers income The lower the in
come, the greater the probability of a small
funeral.
And even the difference between 20 cents and
80 cents hour--which works out at full time
to the difference between $157 60 year to 81 Id
year-counts in health and life.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-07-14
RAILROADS GET PERMISSION
TO RAISE COACH FARES

Washington, D. C. QLNS).-The
Interstate Commerce Commission has
allowed the Eastern railroads to raise
their coach passenger fares to 21a
cents mile, from the present level
of cents. In April, the same ap-
plication of the same roads was re-
jected.
The real basis of the action this
time was the view that Commissioners
Eastman put into his dissent the other
time. He said that he did not believe
an increase in fares would help the
roads at all; in fact, that it was more
likely to hurt them; but that the de-
cision was one which the management
ought to make, rather than the regu-
lating body.
Commissioner Claude R. Porter en-
tered vigorous dissent, pointing out
that the roads, with traffic at very
low level and tremendous competition
from bus lines and private cars, was
raising it's fares rs per cent.
'No other industry" said Porter,
''in the throes of depression and in
the face of vigorous competition, seeks
to raise the price of what it sells to
the public. 1t may be that the rail-
roads are immune from ordinary
economic laws. / doubt it."
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-07-14
UNSELFISHNESS

The National Brotherhood of Operative Pot
ters once again proved why it is recognized as a
distinguished leader in the trade union field. The
Forty-Sixth Annual Convention came to a close
last Friday after ten days of deliberating on the
problems confronting the various crafts and the
organization as whole.
While it is human nature for us to fight for
advantages for ourselves the delegates never lost
sight of the welfare of the Brotherhood and they
were always willing to study the problems of
crafts far removed from their own. President
Duffy and members of the Executive Board were
looked upon for guidance at times and never failed
to offer workable solution.
The chailmen of the various committees had
nothing but praise for the serious work done in
the morning meeting and it is worth noting that
in a vacation city, where distractions may be ex-
pected from every side, the delegates were always
prompt in their attendance at both committee
meetings and the regular sessions.
The organization is constantly growing both
IN numbers and in the estimation of the public The
Brotherhood's record is the reason for this, but
the record depends upon the unselfishness and
clear thinking of it's members, as displayed in con-
venton.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-07-14
! COMMENT ON WORLD !
EVENTS !

Two world events make one wonder
whether. the world has lost it's col
lective mind, or perhaps whether it
ever had one.
One is gathering of delegates
from 32 nations at Evian in France,
They are meeting to consider the prob
lem of distributing and settling the
refugees who have been driven and are
being driven out of Germany and Aus
tria. Their expulsion is due to two
things; they do not like Hitler's form
of government; or they are Jews
Mostly, they are the latter.
Persecution of the Jews has been
rampant since the first rise of Nazism
but it is going ahead with extra saw
agery now. Nazi authorities are open
ly saying that they will have all Jews
out Of all German industry within a
few months. Suicides of Jews in
Austria appear to be numbered by
thousands. Sigmund Freud, world ia
nous and 80 years old, was literally
ransomed by Jews in other countries
after everything he had at home was
confiscated.
| We think of such things as relics OF
the dark ages. They are among the
compelling events of today.
X X x
The other world event is that the
British government is pushing for
ward and other nations are agreeing
to a plan for Withdrawal" of all
foreign troops from both sides in
Spain.
No one can trust either Hitler OF
Mussolini on anything, and Mussolini
in particular has violated his pledges
dozen times on the Spanish case al
ready.
This is supposed to be an enlighten-
ed age. Enlightment means tolerance
absence of persecution, war only from
grim necessity. Yet intolerance, say,
age persecution, and war as wanton as
the raids of the West India buccaneers
three centuries ago form large part
of our news.
x X X
Denmark is the latest European
nation to give holidays with pay to its
industrial workers, the Danish Par
Lament having recently passed an Act
of Holidays with Pay, which will bene-
fit half a million workers. The act
goes partially in effect this month ano
will be completely in force in 1910.
This act, which lays down maxi
mum claim of twelve holiday days, ap-
plies to all manual and non-manual
workers in all industries, except in
those cases in which workers already
enjoy holidays with pay owing tc
other statutory provisions (civil ser.
wants, apprentices).
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1938-07-14
PENALTIES FOR VIOLATING THE THE
WAGE AND HOUR ACT

If sizabe financial penalties plus jail terms for
violation Of Federal labor laws are influential in
persuadng employers to obey them the Govern
ment of the United States will not be required to
prosecute many people for violation of the Fed
eraI Wages and Hours Act.
The Act prohibits employers in industries COM
ing under It's scope from paying employees less than
% cents an hour for the first year after it be-
comes effective and less than 80 cents an hour
for subsequent years with the minimum wage
reaching 40 cents an hour by at least 1945 The
maximum hours are fixed at al per week for the
first year, AZ for the second year and 40 hours
thereafter
There is also provision barring the shipment
in commerce Of any goods in the production OF
which children under 16 years of age are employed