davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1938-10-12
New Minority Concessions,

PRAGUE, Czechoslovakia, Oct. IL
R.-The Czechoslovak government
granted new minority concessions to-
day and an autonomous regime for
Carpathian Russians, and took steps to
ease a staggering refugee problem.
Several truck loads left Prague for
near frontiers this morning, starting
the return of thousands of Sudeten
Germans to Sudeten areas occupied by
Germany.
The cost of caring for Czechoslovak
refugees Is so great a strain on the
national economy, Czechoslovaks said,
that few Sudetens will be permitted to
remain here.
A parliamentary deputy, Andrew
Brody, was appointed Prime Minister
Of the Carpathian Russian (Ruthen-
ian) autonomous state, similar to that
permitted the republics Slovak minor
ity after Sudetenland was ceded to
Germany.
Senator Edmund Bacinsky and
Deputy Julian Revay were appointed
ministers, and Msgr. Augustine Volisin
and DR.. Ivan Pjestak were named
state secretaries.
Bacinsky is to represent Carpahtian
interests in the negotiations with
Hungary over that nations demands
for territory. A minister plenipotenti-
ary. Stefan Fencik, was named to ne
gotiate boundary settlement with the
Slovaks.
The sudeten refugees. most OF them
without funds were ordered to register
by noon today. Eight hundred Aus
trians who settled at Brno after Ger
many annexed Austria were oeoereo
to leave the country within eight days.
Evening star., 1938-10-12

mediate contact with 1t was described
by DR.. Walter B. Lancaster of Boston
The attractive power of a magnet,
DR.. Lancaster explained, decreases
enormously over very short distances.
Failure to recognize this fully has re-
suited in many failures In magnet
operations to draw bits of metal both
from the eye and the brain in the
past. To draw a little silver Of steel
from the interior of the eye to point
under the cornea from which 1t can be
removed by an incision. he said, re-
quires a magnetic force OF from so
to 1000 times gravity, depending on
the distance it must be pulled and
the nature Of the medium through
which 1t must pass.
Taking a foreign body out of the eye
with q magnet, he said, does far less
damage to the eye tissue than any
other method known to surgery. The
steel or iron fragment is always turned
lengthwise toward the pole Of the
magnet and drawn forward in a
straight line. In this way, he said,
there is very little tearing, although
some permanent damage is almost in
escapable.
Unrecognized Joint Disease.
A hitherto unrecognized disease,
the mandibular joint syndrome, was
described by DR.. J. B. Costen of st.
Louis.
The mandibular joint is the hinge"
by which the lower jaw is attached.
When teeth are missing or out Of
line this joint Is likely to pinch a
branch Of the fifth nerve, which sup
plies sensation to the face. The re-
suit is likely to be headache which
would often be mistaken for sinus
headache, because the pain is refer
red to some other portion Of the face
served by the same nerve. Another
symptom is burning tongue. In
rare cases there Is partial deafness.
Until the actual cause is recognized.
Dr. Casten said, nothing can be done
for the malady. In the past useless
operations on the sinus may have
been performed to relieve it. When
there is correct diagnosis 1t can be
cleared up almost Immediately by .
dentist.
Evening star., 1938-10-12
NORTH CAROLINA DANCE

The North Carolina Democratic Club
of Washington will hold its first dance
of the fall season in the Raleigh Hotel
ballroom Saturday night. Plans for
the clubs prediction rally will be
announced at the dance.
Young NJ Smith, president. said the
club will act as clearing house for
absentee ballots Of North Carolinians
residing here and voting in the States
general election next month.
Evening star., 1938-10-12
IHLDER SPEAKS

John Ihlder, executive officer OF the
Alley Dwelling Authority, discussed
slum clearance activities in Washing
ton and urged cooperation OF local
business men at meeting last night OF
the Northern Seventh Street Business
Mems Association at the Immaculate
Conception School. TIL N street NV.
Association members considered
plans for their newspaper advertising
campaign, in which the association
will sponsor full page Of advertising
once a week in The Evening Star.
Eight weekly issues are planned and
three have been scheduled for october
IA, October 81 and November Is. Dates
for the other issues will be planned
later.
Evening star., 1938-10-12
Surgeon
Continued From First Page.)

geon would be to join up perfectly at
least a majority of the 100000 nerve
fibers which make up the optic nerve.
All these separate flbers are invisible.
Even if they could be seen the surgeon
would be working in the dark. Even if
he was not working in the dark it
Would require months to fit an appre-
ciable number of these nerve endings
together.
But even then, he said, the proba-
~bilities are that the operation would
be a complete failure. The optic nerve
is not like any other nerve, but is an
actual extension of the brain with cells
similar to those making up the brain.
Brain cells, the most advanced and
highly specialized in the body, do not
regenerate once they are destroyed.
New Eyes May Be Grown.
A very dim possibility of the distant
future, DR.. Castroviejo said, is that
new eyes may be grown successfully in
tissue cultures by the method devel-
oped by DR.. Alex Carrel and Col.
Charles A. Lindbergh, and that I'M
predictable advances in the surgeons
art will overcome most of the operative
difficulties. There is little likelihood,
he said, of such eye CRAFTS in the life
time of this generation.
The corneal window operation, he
said, is applicable only in a limited
number of cases where the cornea
before the lens has been clouded,
usually as the result of some acci-
dent. This condition results when
the eyeballs are scared by fire or
when lime gets in the eyes. 1t also
may result from some disease proc
esses. All the rest of the eye should
be functioning perfectly, especially the
retina, which is the actual seat OF
the optic nerve endings.
1t then is only necessary to get
light into the lens through the cornea
This has been recognized by surgeons
for years, but up to a few years ago
attempts to graft in clear bits of other
eorneas always have failed because
Evening star., 1938-10-12
$7,545,892 GIVEN
TO HOUSING UNITS
Straus Predicts 5000 Families a
Month Will Quit Slums Starting
Next Year,
By the Associated Press.

by the Associated PreSS.
Nathan Straus, administrator of the
United States Housing Authority, ex-
poets 5000 families month to
''emigrate" from American slums, be-
ginning early next year.
Making that forecast today, he re-
ported that s7.545,892 has been ad-
vanced by the U. S. H. A. to % local
housing authorities for more than
5000 dwelling units now under con-
struction.
The anticipated rate of slum clear
ance, Mr.. Straus said, will require
s20,000,OC0 to s30O0O,0o0 of construc-
ton every month Advances to date
barely have nicked either the $780,
100000 which U. S. H. A. has for
slum- clearance and low-cost housing
loans or its 100000, 900 for local sub
sidies
However many mayors, notably
those of New York, Detroit and San
Francisco, have asked for more money
than can be granted under the present
program, Mr.. Straus said.
Evening star., 1938-10-12
LAUDS EDUCATION
Schools Are Democracy Bulwark,

Schools Are Democracy's Bulwark,
President Asserts.
President Roosevelt declared last
night that the real safeguard" OF
democracy is education.
Democracy cannot succeed unless
those who express their choice are
prepared to choose wisely" he said
in an open letter, occasioned by the
observance of American education
week November 6-l2.
The Chief Executive observed that
"the conflict is still sharpening
throughout the world" between the
democratic political system which
represents government by freedom OF
choice exercised by the individual
citizens" and the opposing system, in
which individual freedom and initia-
tive are all made subordinate to the
totalitarian state"
Evening star., 1938-10-12

the graft would not knit together.
This has been overcome by DR.. Cas-
troviejo's own method in which per-
feet fit is made and no stitches are
taken in the graft itself or the i'm
mediately surrounding eye tissue. In
stead the graft is held in place by
crossed threads drawn above it.
Good for Four or Five Crafts.
Dead mems eyes are about as those
from living persons, he explained. SO
long as the diseased was suffering from
no eye malady and there is not too
great a delay. The corneal tissue
is about the last part of the body to
die. Eyes can be kept in refrigerator
just above the freezing point for at
least three days and perhaps longer.
Only small bit of the corneal tissue
is used in any one operation, From
a single eye bequeathed in a will, DR..
Castroviejo said, it is possible to OBJ
tain material for four or five such
gratis.
The smaller the clouded area, he
stressed, the greater the hopes of sue
cess. All the damaged portion must be
replaced in order for the graft to have
surrounding area with good circula-
ton.
DR.. Castroviejo told the surgeons
yesterday of new eye tattooing opera
ton in which new pupil Is made for
blinded eyes which have been repul-
sively whitened or clouded. It is, he
said, purely intended to improve the
appearance and could be attempted
only when an eye is useless for seeing.
The thin outer covering of the eye
over the pupil is pealed away and q
pupil painted on with gold or platinum
chloride. This is then fixed" by 9
bath Of tannic acid or hydrazine hy-
drate. The result is dark pupil which
is essentially indistinguishable from. a
natural one.
| The chemical process, DR.. Castro
viejo said, gets the gold or platinum
inextricable into the tissues just as
would be the case if a tattooing needle
were used on the skin.
Use Of Magnet Described.
Drawing bits of metal out of the
back OF the eye with q large magnet
capable OF lifting . ton Of iron in Inn
Evening star., 1938-10-12

street NV, have been residents Of
Washington for 38 years.
The Conways were married at Slip
perry Rock, Pa, at the home of Mrs.
Conways parents. Mr. and Mrs. David
Mckee Mr.. Mckee formerly was
a representative in the Pennsylvania
Legislature.
Mr. Conway. a retired postal in
spector, is active in church work and
Mrs. Conway is honorary president
of the Metropolitan Presbyterian Mis-
sionary Society. Mr.. Conway was
born in Concord Township, Butler
County, Pa. The couple have one son.
David P. Conway of Erie, Pa.
Evening star., 1938-10-12
STUDY NIGHT PLANNED

The Gordon Junior High School Par
ent-Teacher Association will hold its
annual back-to-school night at the
school, Thirty-f1fth and T streets NV,
tonight at 7:45 o'clock.
Parents will follow the school pro-
gram followed by their children on
some day in the week. This will in
clude an assembly, classes in English,
mathematics, language. geography,
history, science, art, shop, physical
education and music
Instead of 45-minute periods, how
ever, the parents will only have 7
minutes in each class.
Evening star., 1938-10-12
TW0:PR|CEDF FARM
SYSTEM URGED
Vandenberg Counse|s open
Minds in Congress on
Legislation.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
WICHITA, Kans., Oct. 127Sena-
tor Arthur Vandenburg, Republican,
OF Michigan advocated last night a
two-price system for American agri-
culture-"an- American price for
American consumption and the world
price for unrestricted surplus"
Senator Vandenberg, who has been
mentioned as Republican presiden-
tial possibility in 1910, said in an
address prepared for Republican
rally, the American farmer is en-
titled to complete and non-competi-
tive control of the domestic consump-
ton.
''T'he starting point, to deal with the
farm problem, is less the size of the
crop than the assurance that the por-
ton intended for domestic consump-
ton shall be sold at an American
price, commensurate with other Amer
ican prices, and not under pressure OF
foreign competition and world prices"
With'the American farmer given the
domestic market, he said, I'VE may
then hope to develop the two-price
system for agriculture"
"Open Minds" Are Urged.
Admitting there are many IA
vorable features of the existing law"
Senator Vandenberg said the need is
for open minds in Congress-not
closed minds to which only Mr.. Henry
Wallace and his vast army of police
men hold the key"
He questioned the advisability of a
farm program which stressed surplus
This everlasting emphasis upon the
menace of big crops produces an
inevitable psychology which invites
depressed prices the moment a big
crop is in sight Yet big
crops are not always fatal Abund-
ance is not yet an automatic sin"
The Michigan Senator reviewed
President Roosevelt's court reorganiza-
ton proposal and said, This raid upon
the American system of government
was halted by an independent Con-
gress."
'Thereupon President Roosevelt
asked the country to destroy the
other and last entrenchment. He
asked for his own yes men in the
House and Senate. Theirs not to
reason why, theirs but to do or die.
He is still asking for them today,
men responsive to his con-
ception of personal government by
executive decree for our United States"
"War on Business" Hit.
Criticizing concentration of executive
authority he said IF we are to remain
a democracy. this is more power than
8 good man should want or dangerous
man should have"
Senator Vandenberg assailed what
he called the administration war on
business"
THE American system of free en-
terprise has been throttled in its own
house. And that is one of the chief
reasons why We still have more than
100000 unemployed"
He called for a stop to "jitterbug
arithmetic and said, You cannot
make a silk purse out of a sow's ear,
even with the benefit of fireside chat.
and you can't build solvent prosperity
around an insolvent Treasury
Evening star., 1938-10-12
POLLUTION FUNDS
ALLOTTED BY P.W. A.
$160,00O Provided for Abatement
Program for Potomac and
Nearby Streams.

Py the Associated Press.
The Public Works Administration
announced today President Roosevelt
had approved a sl6O,OOO allotment for
sewage treatment work at three Fed
eral establishments as a part of a
pollution abatement program for the
Potomac River and. nearby streams
The allotments included sl25,000 for
sewage treatment works at the Marine
Barracks, Quantico, Va. and 100000
and $4,000, respectively. for similar
works at the Naval Air Station Ut
Anacostia and the Naval Magazine u
Bellevue, both in the District OF Co.
lumbia.
Evening star., 1938-10-12
CHILD LABOR ACTS
RATIFICATION BACKED
Brief by Wisconsin Attorney
Defends Procedure in Two
States.

BY the Associated Press.
MADISON. Wis, Oct l2.-Attorney
General Orland S. Loomis filed brief
with the United States Supreme Court
today, in behalf of the State of Wis
consin, defending the procedure by
which the child labor amendment to
the Federal Constitution was ratified
in Kansas and Kentucky
Validity of the amendment has been
questioned in an action filed by three
Kansas and two Kentucky residents
Wisconsin was one of the first States
to ratify it in 1925. Thirty-six States
must approve the amendment before
it becomes part of the Constitution
Loomis contended that lapse Of time
between submission and ratification of
the amendment did not affect its
validity and that the rejection by one
Legislature did not prevent a subse-
quent Legislature from reversing the
decision.
Evening star., 1938-10-12
Hungary
Continued From First Page.)

losses to Germany, would prefer to
fight against any new concessions.
Negotiations Continue.
Hungarian -Czechoslovak negotiators
meeting at Komarom, on the frontier,
continued their negotiations at noon
today. Huge maps were carried into
the conference hall, which observers
interpreted as a good sign that nego-
tiations would not be broken of as had
been feared in some quarters.
After three-hour session, the con-
ference recessed formally until tomor-
row. but military and economic ex-
perts of the two nations continued
their studies in the conference hall.
When it became apparent they
could reach no agreement yesterday
the negotiators adjourned their session
until today.
This gave each government time
to receive reports from its delegation
and the Hungarian regent, Admiral
Horthy, conferred until midnight with
Premier Bella Imredi and Foreign Min
ister Koloman Won Kanya.
Possible Compromise.
One Hungarian delegate to the
Komarom conference held out hope
a compromise might be reached along
this line:
First, Hungary to receive imme-
diately purely Hungarian populated
territories. Figures given here are
100000 population living in ~4,200-
square area.
Second, q new border to begin from
6 miles east Of Bratislava, to run in
an easterly direction miles south
of Mira, then continue northeast to
miles north of Kassa, thence east
above Ungvar and finally connect with
the present border southeast of the
town Of Munkacs, which under this
plan also would come to Hungary.
Bratislava Stays Czech.
Third, the city Of Bratislava would
remain Czechoslovak, because it is that
country's only outlet to the Danube
now remaining, and is claimed Is the
capital BY the slovaks GRANTED a
Evening star., 1938-10-12
AIR ORDER REVISED
Civilian Planes May Use Certain
Space at Aberdeen,

President Roosevelt revised yester-
day nine year-old executive order
to permit civilian aircraft, under GER
tain conditions, to pass through the
south section Of the air space reserva-
ton over Aberdeen Proving Ground
and other military areas in Maryland.
Formerly private planes were barred
entirely from the reservation. But
henceforth, the Civil Aeronautics Au-
thority said. they might fly through
the space when the Army was not
using it for bombing practice.
Evening star., 1938-10-12

autonomous regime by the Prague
government).
Hungary also wants the Czecho-
slovaks to guarantee Slovakia will be
permitted to become fully self-govern-
ing, hoping. Hungarian spokesman
indicated, that the Slovaks even
tually would prefer to associate with
this nation.
Hungarians want autonomy also for
Ruthenians Of Czechoslovakia, hoping
they too would then want to join
Hungary.
Evening star., 1938-10-12
JOHNSON TAKES OVER
NEW ATLANTIC FLEET
Navy Officials Say He Outranked
Admiral Todd, Who at First
Was in Command.

Bv the Associated Press.
Rear Admiral A. w. johnson has
taken command of the new Atlantic
Squadron. created in August and more
than doubled in size since by COM
bining with it the Navy Training De-
tachment.
Navy officials said yesterday Admiral
johnson, as commander Of the train
ing force, outranked Rear Admiral
Ford A. Todd, who first was put in
charge Of the new East Coast unit.
Originally composed of seven TO-
000-ton light cruisers and seven de-
stroyers, the Atlantic Squadron now
includes also the battleships and IA
destroyers of the training detachment
and three cruisers. the Concord, Tren-
ton and Cincinnati, which are en- route
to the East Coast from their San
Diego, Calf, base.
Evening star., 1938-10-12

FRIENDS GREET COUPLE,
MARRIED FOR so YEARS
Conways, Who Wed at Slippery
Rock, Pa, Have Resided in
d. c. for SO Years.

Mr.. and Mrs. George P. Conway
were congratulated by their many
friends last night as they celebrated
their 6oth wedding anniversary. The
couple, who live at 1401 Sixteenth
Evening star., 1938-10-12
POWER STUDY FUND
Defense Project Gets 100000
P. W. A. Allotment.

by the Associated Press.
P w. A. Administrator Harold L.
Ickes allotted 100000 today to finance
a national defense power study by the
War Department.
The study, Mr.. Ickes said, would
include research into engineering and
economic problems, preparation of
cost estimates, operating and admin
istrative expenses and methods OF
financing.
AN important phase of the survey
will be the peace-time benefits of such
a power program based primarily on
construction for national Defense" he
added
Evening star., 1938-10-12

started dealing with these poolrooms
with an ak, his men have raided 26s
times. They have hacked up the
boards and gambling devices with real
axes much to the grief Of the owners
and operators.
Lashing out against Gov. Horner at
a Freeport meeting. Lyons labeled him
"the most politically dishonest man
that ever sat in the Governors chair
in Illinois" He based this charge on
Gov Eorner's action in making peace
with Kelly and Nash after the attacks
he made against them in the primary
campaign.
Raps New Deal Farm Program.
The Republican senatorial candidate
has graphic way of attacking the
New Deals farm program when he
travels in the rural sections. He says,
for example: For each head of cattle
imported during the Republican ad-
ministration in 1882, five were brought
in during 1887. For each hog i'm
ported in 1884 800 were imported in
1887" And again: During the past
year the cattle shipped into the United
States, if placed head to tail, would
reach from Galena to Cairo and from
Quincy to Danville-a total of 673
miles. There we're 13,250000 hogs
shipped into the United States in 1887
Standing head to tail, this stream Of
hogs would reach more than 10000
miles, or distance as great as that
which Howard Hughes covered in his
fight around the world"
Mr. Lyons bears down at this point
on the idea that American markets
should be preserved for American
farmers. This slap-dash kind of argu-
ment, the Republicans say, is having
its effect.
For months now Mr.. Lyons has been
trying to get Mr.. Lucas to agree to
meet him in joint debate-but without
success. Last week Knox College held
a celebration of the 80th anniversary
of the Lincoln-Douglas debate at
Galesburg The college asked both
Lyons and Lucas to speak and thought
joint debate would be right in keep
ing with the celebration.
Stages Mock Debate.
Lucas agreed to speak from the same
platform-but not to debate. SO the
speeches were made, with Lucas in
sisting that nothing partisan should be
included in their addresses. So the
next night. unable to prevail upon his
opponent to meet him in person in
debate, Lyons at Monmouth placed a
chair on the stage alongside of him,
and put a coat in the chair. He
addressed the chair as Mr. Lucas
and put on a one-man debate. asking
and answering all the questions him
self.
Lyons has huge white trailer which
he attaches to coupe and uses for
his trips all over the State. The
trailer is % feet long and Lyons calls
the contraption the galloping bill
board" The usual domestic arrange
ments in trailer have been elimi-
mated and in their place have been
installed large amplifying device, a
typewriter, phonograph, etc.
Not for years has candidate for a
major Office held street corner OPEN
air meetings in the great city of Chi
cago. But Lyons began weeks ago and
drew huge crowds. He and his CAM
paign managers say they haven't the
money to hire halls, and anyway the
open-air meetings are just as good.
Evening star., 1938-10-12
If You Are Troubled With
Rheumatism

To help relieve the tortures Of rheuma-
tism. arthritis and neuritis pains, drink
Mountain Valley Mineral Water. direct
from famous Hot Springs, Arkansas.
Mildly alkaline. Deeply satisfying. In
dOrsed by physicians for over 80 years.
Phone Me. 1862 for booklet.
Mountain Valley Mineral Water
MET. 1862 1905 X St. NV.
Evening star., 1938-10-12
Statues Unidentified.

London is trying to identify two Of
its $50 statues, but can find no
record of them.
Evening star., 1938-10-12

Manchukuo May Get Cars.
Four thousand trolley cars and 800
trailers, retired from service in Paris,
may be sent to Manchukuo to be
operated again.
Morgan County Democrat. (McConnelsville, Ohio) 1886-1943, 1938-12-15
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Adolph Hitler German Chancellor,
bas conferred the "Order Of Merit
of the Eagle" upon Dr. William A.
Cooper, who is a native of Caldwell
Dr. Cooper is president emeritus Of
Alto, Calf His father, the late A.
C. Cooper. was at one time postmas-
ter at Caldwell. DR.. Cooper is a
graduate of Caldwell high school
and of Marietta college, When a
young man he taught school in
Washington county. He spent some
time in Germany doing research
work, and it was his transactions
during this period, that won for
Hitler.