davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Montana labor news., 1938-09-01

they cannot meet operating ex-
penses," still willing to pauperize
their workers, they increased the
number of officers receiving $4,000
or more a year in 1885 from sixteen
officers to thirty-two officers in 1887,
and paid them 1881, 720. This is
what the bankrupt railroad proposes
to do to the railroad workers. If
they cannot meet operating expenses
why should they double the number
of men who draw these princely
salaries, and why should they nearly
double their salaries?
What this bankrupt railroad is do
ing is only typical of what many
other railroads in the nation are at
tempting to put across on the rail
road workers. Many of them have
increased the salaries of their Off
GERS and attorneys, and although
these men may say they are willing
to take a Is per cent cut, even then
they would wind up in a net gain
in salary ranging as high as 40 per
cent.
Don't forget this-that every off
Ger, every lawyer, every public re-
lations counsel, and every writer for
railroad magazines who is trying to
convince the public and the railroad
Montana labor news., 1938-09-01
Central Union Adopts Recon-
mendation to Establish Ma
chinery to Build Homes Under
Federal Government Loans.

The planning board set up recently
by the joint action of the city, coun-
ty and labor organizations together
with the Works Progress Admins
tration, has recommended that a
Housing Authority be established in
Silver Bow County which would
consist of a commission of five. In
order to get the proposition accepted
it is necessary that petitions be
signed by rs residents. These petit
tons are now located in some of the
business houses. AS soon as the
necessary names have been secured
the city council will set a time for
hearing in order to show that the
need exists here for construction of
homes. The federal government re-
Gently made a survey and it was
shown in the report that Butte was
in dire need of modern dwellings.
Under the terms of the federal act,
Butte will be required to put up 10
per cent of the cost of the construc-
ton.
Mr.. Pat Deloughery of the Engi-
neers Union represents the labor
organizations on the planning board.
Montana labor news., 1938-09-01
No. I0834
ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE

In the District Court of the Second Ju-
dicial District of the State of Montana,
In and for the County of Silver Bow.
In the Matter Of the Estate of PATRICK
FOREN, Deceased.
Mary Walsh, the administrators OF the
estate of Patrick Foren, deceased, having
filed her verified petition herein, praying
Tor an order of this court directing all
persons interested in the said estate to
appear before the court or judge, at a
tine and place specltled, NOT less imam
fifteen (15) nor more than thirty 800 days
from the time of making such order, TO
show cause why an order should not pc
granted to the administrators to sell all
of the real estate OF the Salu estate ana
And it appearing to the court from such
petition that it is necessary and 1t Will be
Tor the advantage, benefit, and best in
terests OF the said estate ana those inter-
ested therein to sell the whole of the real
estate mentioned in said petition, and for
the reasons and purposes mentioned IN
said petition, and Tor the reason that II Is
necessary to pay the costs OF admlnlstra-
ton and the claims against the said estate
and that the administration OF SAID
estate cannot be brought to a close With
out a sale OF said real and personal prop
IT is THEREFORE, ORDERED AND
DIRECTED that all persons interested in
the said estate appear before the court
and judge on the 10th day of September,
1888, at the hour of $3.50 A. NJ at the
Court House, in Dept. No. One of the
above entitled court, in the City Of Butte,
County of Silver Bow, State of Montana,
then and there to show cause why an
order should not be made and granted
to the said Administrative to sell said real
estate, or so much thereof as is necessary.
1t is further ordered that this order to
show cause be published for two con-
secutiVe weeks in the Montana Labor
News, a newspaper published weekly in
the City of Butte, Silver Bow County,
Montana.
Dated this 23rd day of August, 1888.
T. E. DOWNEY, Judge.
First publication September l, 1938.-2T.
Montana labor news., 1938-09-01

some of the many thousands of rail-
way men now out of service"
1t just isn't SO, Sammy" The
railroads fooled us in 1882. They
told the railroad workers and they
told the people and pledged the Ad-
ministration that if the railroad men
would take a 10 per cent deduction
they would put thousands of men
back to work. No sooner had they
obtained the wage deduction than
there began a reduction in the num-
Der of men employed, until in Au-
gust, 1882, there were 1884 FEW
Err MEN EMPLOYED than there
were in January, 1882, when the
wage deduction was agreed to. In
January, 1882, the payroll of the
employees was S149, 1929 when the
railroads had a gross income of $275,-
370,628. In September of 1882, after
they had obtained the wage deduc-
ton and promised to put more men
back to work, there were 98,251
fewer men employed than in Janu-
airy, 1882, when the wage cut went
into effect. In September of 1882
the railroads had a gross income of
$272,473,364, or practically the same
as in January, 1882, and yet their
payroll had dWindled by more than
10000 0Ol
The railroads and their henchmen
are not going to fool the railroad
workers again. You must remember
that when the wage cut was agreed
to in 1882 for a period of one year,
the railroads forgot their promise
and for 38 months kept the wage cut
in force.
During that time they put thou
sands of men out of work and onto
the breadlines. They did not in
crease employment; they did not in
crease their purchasing of equipment,
but this is what they did-they paid
hundreds of millions to the bond
holders, $500, 900, 900 of which they
took out of the pockets of the rail
road workers. They will do that
again if they can get away with a
wage cut.
In the last two years these rail
roads have raised the salaries of
many of their officials and attorneys
all the way from 10 per cent to sc 2-3
per cent. No honest or sane bust
nessman would do this and at the
same time ask his employees to take
a wage cut.
There has been called to our at
tention a pamphlet issued by the
Chicago & North Western Railway
Company and placed in the pay en-
velope of every one of their en-
ployees in an effort to psychologist
them to take a pay cut. It is filled
with the meanings and groanings of
this railway which is in bankruptcy.
In its plea to its employees, which
is neatly tucked into their pay en-
velopes, they tell them they have
have in bankruptcy since June l,
1885. And yet since that time up to
December 81, 1887, they have in
creased the salaries of seven of their
officers by more than Al
per cent.
In 1885 this bankrupt road had
sixteen officers receiving $4,000 or
more per year, or a total of 1910, 800.
Still in bankruptcy, still claiming
Montana labor news., 1938-09-01
Railroad Union Officers
Defend Their Refusal
To Accept Reduction
CONTINUED from Page ID

railroads owe the duty of giving that
service should realize that the at
tempt to cut the wages of the rail
road workers is nothing more nor
less than an attempt to give them
less than a bare living wage.
In Mr.. Dunn's article he makes
the statement that the average earn
ings per week of railroad workers is
$34.72 when as a fact their actual
wage is $31.13 as compared with
$32.62 in 1929.
You, of course, realize that railroad
workers r not paid a guaranteed
annual wage, and this is particularly
true of the transportation groups.
Unlike the presidents, lawyers and
high salaried officials of these roads,
they do not receive from $4,000 to
$4,000 a year regardless of business
conditions, but their compensation is
based upon the amount of work they
do.
These wage slashers are deceiving
the public by referring to the "hour-
ly wage of the railroad workers.
There is no such a thing as an hourly
wage as the basis or standard of the
compensation given to me in the
transportation groups. Some men
may work 26 days a month; some
do work 20 days a month; some work
only 10 days a month, and thousands
Of them on the payroll work as little
as one to two days a month.
In an effort to mislead the public
the railroads in figuring the COM
%pensation paid these men assume the
false premise that they all work 26
days a month. They know this is
not true, but nevertheless they be-
lieve that by repeating such state
ments they can induce the public to
believe that the railroad workers are.
overpaid.
Again they seek to mislead the
public by a system Of crooked COM
putation with reference to the aver
age weekly pay of their workers.
The deception is apparent. We give
you a simple example:
A railroad company has working
for it during the six days of the week
four section-men as follows:
Monday.....2 Men-Murphy and
O'Brien
Tuesday ..-...3 Men-Murphy, o.
Brien and Brady
Wednesdays Men-Murphy, o.
Brien, Brady and Sullivan
Thursday.....3 Men-Murphy and
Brady and Sullivan
Friday..-...-..2 Men-Murphy and
Brady.
Saturday.-.....1 Man-Murphy
The actual daily wage paid these
men is S. per day, but you must re-
member that Murphy worked six
days; Brady worked four days;
O'Brien worked three days and Sulli-
van worked only two days. The
actual earnings of these men is as
follows:
Murphy, 6 days q S. per day...-~.$SO
Brady, 4 days a SIS per day. 20
O'Brien, 8 days q SIS per day. Is
Montana labor news., 1938-09-01

This makes a total of fifteen mer
working ONE day of the week, which
divided by the six days makes {
false average of two and one-hali
men working EACH of the six days
instead of the correct number of foui
men who actually worked various
number of days. The total pay fol-
the week is SIS and being divided by
two and one-half Ga false number Of
employee) it produces an average
weekly wage of $50 for each man.
when in fact only one man earned
this much. The actual average earn
ings per man were $18.75, a differ
ence of SLIPS.
This is just what the railroads are
doing in figuring out the average
weekly wage of their workers when
they want to deceive the public, but
when they pay off their men, they
figure it on the average of $18.75
a week!
The men in railroad work in run
ming the trains, moving the freight
from one end of this country to the
other, r in a dangerous occupation
oftentimes working with defective
equipment and always dependent
upon the care and diligence of their
fellow workers.
In 1886 the average earnings of a
freight brakeman was only $137 a
month. In 1887, due to the wage
increase, it was $141, or a raise OF
81 a month. IN THE FIRST FOUR
MONTHS OF 1888 THE AVERAGE
EARNINGS OF A FREIGHT
BRAKEMAN WAS $135 a month.
Bear in mind that the freight
brakeman on a through freight has
to spend practically th%ree-fourths OF
his time away from home, and this
costs him on an average Of $35 a
month, and based on the first four
months of 1888 that brakeman re-
ceived only 500 a month.
Sam Dunn and his ilk would cut
and slash that brakeman's wages is
per cent, or $2O.25 a month, which
would leave him only $79.75 for a
months work. Now let us ask the
question of the people of this coun-
try-is the effort to slash these
wages "in the public INTEREST,""
Sam Dunn says if it is not, they
should not be reduced. We agree
with him.
In a final effort to bamboozle the
public as well as the workers, Sam
Dunn makes this statement:
'The railways undoubtedly would
use part of this money to re-employ
Montana labor news., 1938-09-01
CASCADE DEMOCRATS
OPPOSE NEW MARSHAL

At a special meeting in Great Falls
the Cascade County Democratic cen
trail committee denounced President
Roosevelt's action in appointing w.
w. Crawford of Great Falls to be
U. S. Marshal for Montana in the
place of Sid Willis, also a resident
of the Electric city.
The group adopted a motion by
Dominic Spogen, formerly mayor of
Belt and at one time Montana legis-
lator, condemning the appointment,
and urging Montana senator's to op-
pose confirmation. Spogen said the
action vas necessary to preserve
'clean politics."
Montana labor news., 1938-09-01
ii NEWS OF THE
TRADES COUNCIL

Charles Davis, president of the
Trades and Labor Council who has
been attending the summer school
at Greeley, Colorado, was in the
chair last Tuesday evening. He gave
a summary of his travels, and his
work at Greeley. Mr.. Davis will act
as chairman of the Labor Day cele-
bration at the Columbia Gardens.
A request from Mr.. Crawford for
the endorsement of the Trades and
Labor Council to the position of
United States marshal was referred
to the legislative committee. Similar
action was taken on a request by
DR.. Thorkelson for endorsement.
4
Some time ago requests came
from the Bozeman unions asking
Butte to help them organize cereal
workers at Belgrade. The flour mills
in that district are owned by the
Gallatin Valley Milling Company
which operates the mill at Belgrade.
1t is a subsidiary of the Fisher Flour
Mills at Seattle. Word was received
from the Council of Grain Professors
which is a national union, expressing
optimism that men at Belgrade
would soon be organized and the
difficulty settled.
Montana labor news., 1938-09-01

Sullivan, 2 days q SIS per day. 10
FOUR DIFFERENT MEN worked
during the week and their total
compensation" for that week is SIS.
What was the average pay of these
four men? You simply divide SIS
by four and the result is $18.75 which
is the average weekly wage of these
four men.
The railroads attempt to convince
the public that the average weekly
compensation" of each of these men
is $50. They do it in this way:
Rr r H--I---
Montana labor news., 1938-09-01
ANACONDA TO HAVE
STREETS IMPROVED

President Roosevelt has signed and
approved a WPA project application
for Anaconda street improvements,
according to Congressman Jerry ].
O'Connell. Senator Wheeler also
mentioned that the same project had
been approved.
Montana labor news., 1938-09-01

workers that a cut in wages should
be made, is receiving a salary which
is far more than a living wage and
which enables him to live in COM
fort and in luxury; to educate his
children and to live on a scale far
different than the men who have to
run their engines and their trains.
Railroad officials should be the last
men in the world to favor a wage
cut, and not one of them contend
that the railroad workers of this
country are receiving today more
than a bare living wage.
Montana labor news., 1938-09-01
SILVER BOW TRADES AND LABOR COUNCIL
APPROVES HOUSING AUTHORITY PROJECT
LEGAL NOTICES
No. 1876
NOTICE OF TIME APPOINTED FOR
PROVING VIII. Etc.

In the District Court of the Second Ju-
dicial District of the State of Montana,
In and for the County of Silver Bow.
In the Matter of the Estate of MARY
HERAK, Deceased.
Pursuant to an order of said District
Court, made on the 3lst day of August,
1888, notice is hereby given that Saturday,
the 18th day of September, 1888, at $50
o'clock A. M. of said day at the Court
Room of said Court in Department One
thereof at the City Of Butte in the said
County of Silver Bow, State of Montana,
nave been appointed as the time and place
for proving the VIII of said Mary Herak,
deceased, and for hearing the petition OF
Helen Herak for the issuance to her of
Letters -Testamentary, when and where
any person interested nay appear and con-
test the same, and show cause, If any he
has, why said petition should not be
granted.
Dated August 31st, 1888.
ELMER SHEA, Clerk of the Court
By ID. F. HOLLAND, Deputy Clerk.
COURT SEAL)
First publication September l, 1s3s.-3T.
Montana labor news., 1938-09-01

Next to debt, nothing is harder to
get out of than a warm bed on a
cold morning.
Montana labor news., 1938-09-01

Today is the tomorrow you worried
about yesterday.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1938-02-15
RussiaSeeks
T'OBeLeader
InArnsRace
Soviets Set Goal of
Outstripping All
Other Nations In
Building Program

Moscow, Feb. IS (APD Soviet
Russia has set herself the ambitious
task of outstripping all other nations
in the naval armament race.
The announcement that bigger ships
would be built as sU6 as shipyards
were equipped to turn them out, tend
ed to confirm reports abroad that
Russia had been baked in her efforts
to order battleships abroad, includ-
ing the United States, and was buying
machinery to build her own battle
ships These reports spoke of possible
35,O0O-ton craft.
Foreign experts agreed that Sovie.
Russia still had far to go to match
the navies of the great powers 1t was
indicated that the U. S. S r. was try
ing to outstrip her potential enemies
among the naval powers-Japen, Ger
many and Italy.
Russia's present naval strength
like her planned strength, is close
iy-guarded secret.
The Soviet naval needs are as com
plex as those of almost any Other
country. It's fleet must be scattered In
the Pacific ocean, the Black Sea, the
Baltic and the Arctic, with great dis
tances separating them.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1938-02-15

anyway. We had filibusterers, running
arms to the rebels and getting fired
on. Sometimes the wrong American
ships were shot at. There was the
everlasting danger of complications.
The situation was pest, in short.
/ suppose Spanish rule was oppres-
sive. True, I myself was too young
to have had much idea Of the true
merits of the case. In any event, we
had the instinct of liberty and indie
pendence, here in the u. S. A., very
strongly in those days. Liberty was
what the Cubans said they were fight
ing for, and we sympathized with
them.
Finally Spain sent General Weyler
to Cuba, to try to squelch the rebel
lion.
Weyler soon was referred to as the
butcher" Weyler "atrocity stories"
began to fill our newspapers.
1 am prepared to believe that Gen.
Weyler was an iron-handed militarist.
Nevertheless, visiting Spain decade
and a half later, was .astonished to
learn that, at home, Weyler was class
ed as an advanced political liberal.
He was captain-gen eral of Catalonia
at that juncture, and | had an inter
view with him at Barcelona. Bar
celon was a hotbed of radicalism, and
Weyler told me that he regarded it,
in principle, with a kindly eye
though he had to keep order. The
radicals themselves anarchists and
all sorts of "reds') spoke rather well
of him.
But to return to Havana.
Maine to Cuba.
Fearful of disorders, which might
ieopardize the lives and properties of
Can't led on Page Five,
Henderson daily dispatch., 1938-02-15
Illinois Scion Says Nation
Has Right To Enact Leg
,islation To Protect
People
HE SPEAKS AFTER
THREAT BY GARNER
Vice Presidents Ruling
Comes While Senator Ell
lender Has Floor, and Is
Menaced by Loss of His
Right To Continue Attack
On Measure

Washington, Feb. 15-(AF)- The
Senate heard the anti-lynching bill
defended as constitutional by Senator
Lewis. Democrat, Illinois today short
ly after a ruling by Vice-Presiden+
Garner threatened to keep proponents
from speaking.
The bewildered Illinois speaker ar
gued that the proposed legislation
was within the right of a govern
ment to protect it's people" under au-
thority of the Constitution.
Senator Ellender, Democrat, Louisl-
ana. opponent of the measure, gave
I'D the floor to Lewis under an agree
ment to yield to supporters of the
measure who desired to talk before
the vote on a debate limitation mo-
ton at 1 p. M, eastern standard time,
tomorrow.
Earlier the Louisiana senator had
refused to yield the floor when Vice
President Garner pronounced un-
animous consent agreement to wh1ct-
Ellender objected.
Angered, Garner ruled that if Ell
lender welded, except for question,
he would lose his right to continue
speaking.
When Garner left the chair, the
Senate agreed unanimously that Ell
lender could follow Lewis.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1938-02-15
Gives John Morris Company
Ten Days To Withdraw
Their Machines from
District
ASSAMS CHILDLIKE
PROHIBITIVE PLATE
Order Against Successive
Plays Called Absurd, and
Declares Machines Would
Be Stale and Flat If Gamb-
ling inducements Were
Removed

Elizabeth City, Feb. Is (AP)-Judge
I. M. Meekins today handed down a
decision terming the silent salesman"
a gambling machine and dissolving
his previous injunction against con-
fiscating the machines in Pasquotank
county.
The John Morris CORRECTION Com
pany is granted until February 25 as
ten days "of grace" to remove all his
machines from the eastern district
of North Carolina" without threat Of
confiscation by officers of the law.
Morris during these days of grace,
however, must not permit the mach
ines (any one of them) to be operated
between now and the 25th day of Feb
ruary, 1888, other than to sell candy
minis exclusive of and apart from the
vending tokens redeemable in merchan
disc or otherwise in connection with
such sales"
Counsel for John Morris, pointed
out Judge Meekins, "concede that if
successive plays of the machine were
not prohibited by the copyrighted
plate attached thereon, the machine
would be a gambling device.
ITO argue that the inherently evil
character of the machine or device is
cured by the instruction prohibiting
successive plays is as childlike and
bland as the smile Of SIM"
"Set up the silent salesman solely to
vend candy minis, strip it of POSSIBLE
ity to win tokens, and the result would
be as stale, flat and Improbable as
fishing with bear hook"
He further described the plate pro-
hi5iting successive plays as an attempt
to obscure the mischief, and ian eff
fort to have the tail wag the dog"
Todays opinion dissolves the order
of November 16 prohibiting the con-
fiscation of the machines in Pasquo-
tank county. 1t grants the petition
filed by Solicitor James Powers, pro-
scouting Attorney J. F. Wooten, She
riff r. F. Churchill and Chief of Po-
lice j. I. Brown, all of Kinston.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1938-02-15
House Appropriations Com
mittee Reports Roosevelt
Request for Large
New Sum
SEES NO PROBABLY
EARLY IMPROVEMENT
New Money Would Sustain
100000 Persons on Re-
lief Rolls Next Few
Months; WPA Rosters In
crease Over 100000 In
Last Four Months Time

Washington, Feb. 15.-(AP)- Tho
House Appropriations Committee ask
ed the House today to approve i'm
mediately a $3.50, 100000 emergency re-
lief appropriation for the next four
months.
It suggested quick action because
of the drastic change which has
taken place in private employment"
since last September, and indications
that the situation will not improve i'm
mediately.
The appropriation, if approved,
would he used to keep at least 2O00-
900 persons on relief rolls the next
few months. Without it, Works Pro-
gress Administration officials said,
about 100000 persons would have to
be denied help and 100000 now on
the rolls would be laid off.
The committee said that WPA ros-
tiers increased from 1,464000 in DC.
tober to 100000 today. The entire
$25O,0OO,O0O would be earmarked for
WPA.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1938-02-15
Advance Patrol Is on North
Rank of Yellow River
Opposite Lunghai
Rail Point
TRYING TO SEVER
GREAT RAIL LINE
Is Feeder Route for Chinese
ARMY of 400, 900 Resisting
Advance of Japanese In
vaders in Central China;
Naval Planes lombard
Chengchow

chorobai Feb. 15.-(AP)-The van
,'ord Of a Japanese army fighting its
80, into central China was reported
."dov TO be only ten miles north o.
Cbina's lifeline railway, the Lunghal.
Tho advance patrol was said to be
- tho north bank of the Yellow river
onnosite Kaifeng, Lunghai railway
noint nearly 300 miles inland from
China's eastern coast.
Iananese columns from north ana
south have been fighting to cut the
1unqhai and bottle up Chinese army
Of 4OOOOO deployed along the Lung
hal corridor which separates Japan
ase-conduered portions of north China
and the Yangtze river valley.
Captl1re of Kaifeng would choke of
The railway and give japanese a base
for a drive southwark 300 miles t.
uankow temporary Chinese capital
The advance guard was part Of ia
nanese army of 10000 men which
pushed across the plains OF north
China to reach Fengkiu just north
of the Yellow river.
Fifty miles to the west another ia
nanese column threatened Slnslang,
A. miles north of Chengchow, impor-
tant junction of the Peiping-Hankow
railway with the Lunghai.
A japanese naval spokesman an
nounced that navy planes had bonn
harded Chengchow, damaging the
railway station, Chinese military
headouarters and a number of freight
cars The Southern Baptist Mission
received word that one of its hospitals
was damaged in the Oombardment.
No Americans or other foreigners
were reported injured.