davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1938-10-01
~ the Associated Press,

~ the Associated Press.
A railroad brotherhood spokesman
said today the IS per cent wage re-
duction asked by carriers was the
most untimely demand in history"
Tom Davis. counsel for the Brother
hood Of Railroad Trainmen, opened
the second days hearing OF President
Roosevelt's Emergency Board with
that statement.
Railroad labor is not responsible
for this emergency" Mr.. Davis doomed
In discussing the proposed strike of
rail workers approved by nearly 1,00,-
900 Of their number
The strike was voted after the rail-
roads ordered the IS per cent wage
cut, which was to have been effective
today. The board is trying to avert
the strike.
Railroad Bankers" Blamed.
Pointing to row of railroad presi-
dents and executives who crowded one
side Of the room. Mr.. Davis, wearing
frock coat and his gray hair long,
charged that management "and rail-
road bankers" caused the present
situation.
The insincerity of the railroads
in their effort to force a wage cut
on their workers cannot but be ap-
parent by their action" he declared
They contend that they are not
able to pay interest on their bonds
that they are not able to pay divi-
dends on their stock, yet we have
the fact staring us in the face that
railroad after railroad, some OF them
IN bankruptcy and some of them not,
have increased the salaries of their
oficials and lawyers from 5h per
cent to los per cent during The past
two years.
"One Of the most glaring examples
Of inconsistency and bad faith is
found in the record of the Chicago
& Northwestern. which is today in
the hands Of receiver. In 1885, this
bankrupt road had 16 oAicers receiv-
ing $4,000 or more per year, with 4
total salary Of $270,s9o.
Says Bracket Increased.
Still in bankruptcy. still claim
ing it cannot meet operating ex-
penses,' still willing to pauperize its
workers, it had increased the number
of officers receiving $4,000 or more
per year in 1885 from Is to 81 and
paid them $531, 100"
Mr.. Davis added that the Pennsyl-
va nia p ilrnod a rnn>pf1y hea {por>o.nA
its presidents salary $4,000 q year.
He said the wage cut us against
public policy Of this Nation and this
administration"
He quoted former President Hoover,
Alfred E. Smith and Earnest r. Weir,
steel executive, among others - op-
posed to wage reductions.
"A wage cut will throw this country
into an economic tailspin," the brother
hood lawyer said.
In concluding. Mr.. Davis quoted
President Roosevelt's statement Of last
June, after the railroads announced
the proposed cut. that there should
be . united stand" by capital and
labor ito resist wage cuts which would
further reduce purchasing power"
The board, meanwhile, strove to speed
up testimony from both employers
and labor representatives in an effort
to win more time for private study
Of the problem.
The board has until October ~
to report to the President, and in an
effort to comply, Chairman Walter
P. Stacy asked the witnesses to COM
plete their testimony 10 days earlier.
Under the law. neither the strike
nor wage cut can become effective
for 80 days after the board makes
its recommendations for settlement
Neither side Is bound, however, 70
accept the settlement.
Evening star., 1938-10-01
NEW LOAN ANNOUNCED
BY REICH GOVERNMENT
$500, ,OO0, 900 Sought to Continue
Tasks-Treasury Bills to
Bear ~ Per Cent.

p! the Associated Press.
BERLIN, Oct. 1.-The German gov
eminent today announced Notation
Of new loan Of SOC, ,000, 900 marks
$500 100000 for continuing the
tasks assumed by the Reich govern
ment."
The loan is in the form of Treasury
bills, bearing ~ per cent interest
and redeemable at par between Octo-
Der l, 1853, and 1858.
This Is the third loan Germany has
foated in 1898 and makes the govern
ment's borrowings since 1885 11,700,-
100000 marks ($4,680, 900, ,000).
1t was announced that already
100000 marks 0220, ,000. .000) Of
the new loan had been taken up by
leading financial institutions.
Evening star., 1938-10-01
Night Final Edition
Home Delivery
Price Effective October |

The first and most comprehensive reports of Euro
pean news are found in The Evening Star.
All of the latest news and Associated Press wire
photos OF the day, including World Affairs National
and Local News Sports Financial News etc. are in the
NIGHT FINAL Edition of The Star delivered after $50
pm. by special carriers throughout the city.
Subscription Price
MONTHLY
Night Final and Sunday StarI 75c
Night Final Star only- 6Oc
Telephone
Circulation DEPARTMENT. National 5000
Evening star., 1938-10-01
Czechs Quit Egerland.

EGER, Oct. (Pl.-Czechoslovakia
troops and police today withdrew from
EgerlAnd-the northwest corner Of
the Sudeten rim-though under the
Munich agreement they were not re-
quired to do 50 until Wednesday.
The German Army encamped on the
frontier in mobilized divisions re-
Trained, however, from entering the
Eyer region. the largest ceded At once
to Germany under the four-power ac-
cord. 1t was not expected to do so
until the appointed date of October 5.
The Sudeten Germans peacefully
established provisional government.
In Eyer the Fire Department, made
up Of Sudeten Germans, took over the
policing of the city. aided by volun-
teers.
The departure OF the Csechoslo-
vaks was orderly and Eyer. for months
the hot spot Of the Sudeten region,
WAS quite calm.
Thousands Of Czechoslovak troops
entered the city last night from their
military defense lines outside the city
and were packed into trains and auto
trucks for the eastward retreat.
The few remaining Czech civilians
in Eyer. mostly government employees,
went with the soldiers.
The Sudeten German populatio
warned by its leaders to make no
demonstrations, watched the depar-
ture with quiet satisfaction.
The Czechoslovak troops took with
them all railway rolling stock and
all private automobiles commandeered
during the general mobilization, pos
sibly to return them to their owners
later. There was no looting.
The last bloodshed OF the Czechoslo-
vak-Sudeten struggle in the Eyer re-
gion occurred yesterday just before
the Czechoslovaks abandoned the re-
Evening star., 1938-10-01
RAIL SLASH HELD
MOST UNT|MELY'
Brotherhood Council Hits
Demand-BIame Put
on Management.
BACKGROUND

BACKGKOUNO-.
Three-mdn fact. finding board
,Cos named BY President Roosevelt
after Nations railroads ordered IS
per cent ,odoe cut and brotherhoods
countered Nth threat OF general
Walkout II cut iods put into effect.
Carriers contend mage sldsh is
necessary to sdpe railroads from
disaster.
Evening star., 1938-10-01
BULLETIN.

Tom Davis. labor lawyer, declared
today that the attempt to cut rail-
road employe wages IS per cent was
only part and parcel of . Nation
wide conspiracy to cut the wages
OF every worker in the land, to
delay and prevent recovery and to
discredit the administration" He
addsd that banker control was the
cause Of the railroad problem.
Evening star., 1938-10-01
Summary of Today's Star

Page Page
Amusements BIS Obituary .A-S
Church News, Radio Bio
A-13-l5 Real Estate Bills
Comics --B-16-17 Short Story - BIS
Editorials A-10 Society ---A-12
Financial ---A-1S Sports ---A-16.l7
Lost & Found Bio Womans
Garden Page BIS Features --B-S
FOREIGN.
Powers may impose peace in Spain
next. Pare AZ
NATIONAL.
Rail wage cut hit as most untimely
demand in history" Page Al
Smith, "snubbed" by President, denied
larger cotton subsidies. Page Al
Experience in ONCE seen fighting
point in New York. Page Az
Observers see history repeating itself
in Moseley outburst. Page AS
Change in 40-hour week provision pre-
dicted by Burke. Page Al
Ickes says Hoover offered Bailey
G. o. p. candidacy. Page Al
WASHINGTON AND VICINITY.
Plans pushed for eighth annual Hal
loween celebration. Page At
Diphtheria immunisation Is urged by
health odaeer. Page A
Evening star., 1938-10-01
CZECHS BOW TO POLAND, AGREE
TO TRANSFER CITY TOMORROW:
REICH TAKES OVER SIJDETENT,AND
Big War Machines
Rolling Into
Territory.
es the Associated Press.

A1GEN, Germany (near the Czecho-
slovaka Frontier. Oct. Adolf
Hitler's artillery. anti-tank and anti
aircraft detachments rolled into
Czechoslovakia at dawn today, follow
ing infantry which had begun the
march of liberation" of the Sudeten-
land shortly after midnight.
The army Of occupation already
had progressed about 10 miles into
Czechoslovakia at the time this dis
patch was written (8:40 am. E. S. T)
without meeting any resistance.
The Czechoslovak army apparently
had withdrawn from the territory
the flrst of four Sudetenland zones
Germany was ceded by Czechoslovakia
after the big four" settlement at
Munich Thursday.
The Sudeten German population
everywhere welcomed the German
soldiers as 'befrier" r"-liberators-and
showered them with flowers.
Nazi 1iags few from many windows
and houses along the whole line Of
march were decorated with greenery.
Nazi nags gaily decorated houses
in all German frontier cities and towns
In this region Of Upper Austria, part
Of Greater Germany only since the
annexation Of Austria last March Is.
The German airforce was expected
to arrive this afternoon.
An engineering corps with mules
followed the German infantry into
Czechoslovakia during the morning
before the signal was given to start
the motorized column across the
border.
Evening star., 1938-10-01

(see FRENCH. Page A-s.)
Evening star., 1938-10-01
WEATHER.

70. D. weather Bureau pofsoAst.)
Fair and slightly cooler tonight; tcmcr.
row fair; gentle north winds. Tempera.
cures today-Highest, IS, 1t pm; lowe
est. 50. At 6 am. 81
Full report on page A-2.
Evening star., 1938-10-01

(See POLAND, Page AID
Evening star., 1938-10-01

(See OCCUPATION, Page All
Evening star., 1938-12-28

And What
They Do
Prof. ellison Advocates
A World Court
Of Wisdom
BY LEMUEL F, PARTON.

This is usually q sort Of 'King's
x" week on the calendar, in which
there is time out for reflection and
prophecy, and only desultory war,
politics and moneymaking. Appro-
priately the American Association
for the Advancement Of Science
meets at Richmond, Va, not only
to advance science, but to try to
get it under control. As it is an
nounced that the President will
ask for $4,000 airplanes, the scien-
lists note that man't two epochal
triumphs over space and time, the
airplane and the radio, have been
perverted to the uses Of chaos
spreading death and hatred.
1t was a quiet, aloof little man,
perhaps the worlds leading medie-
valist, who led the scientists back q
few centuries-far beyond Bacon's
"Novum Organum," shrine Of mod
ern science-for a fresh start In an
effort to understand man in society
and build world culture and civil
lization. He is Prof. Etienne ellison
OF the faculty Of medieval studies
of the University Of Paris. It was
his challenge and his activity which
led the Harvard Tercentenary Con-
ference Of Arts and Sciences, in
1886, to clear the ground for a "su-
preme court Of wisdom" which plan
has steadily progressed in England
and America in a mobilization Of in
tellect to forestall doom.
Prof. ellison expounds the "me-
dieval principle that truth, morality,
social justice and beauty are neces-
sary and universal in their own
right" He is, in a way, q modern
Erasmus, insisting on positive
knowledge and positive philosophy"
And that is one reason why he seems
to this department timely and i'm.
portant. For Erasmus and Dante
both made appeals strikingly like
those of Prof. ellison, at a time
strikingly like this. Eloquently and
prayerfully, they pleaded for a
world court of wisdom" which
would make the Holy Roman Em-
pire stable world order on which
an enduring civilization could be
based.
Just as a matter of straight news
reporting, there is vast intellectual
reconditioning and reorientation 60
ing on in countries where the hu-
manist and the scientist still are
free men. It's oozing into news
print. It is reflected in the new
"kultur kampf" in the colleges, in
every forum of the scientists. Dar-
win is taking much punishment and
Lamarck is advancing, with his
creative force" within the life cell.
Witness Stephen Leacock making a
good news story about the geranium
that got that way because it wanted
to be a geranium," and not because
of mere DEMONSTRATION.
All this is converging in a flying
wedge against our system Of educa-
ton. For years Prof. Gilson has
been trying to take us a long way
back, to start all over again. He is
getting a following.
fCopyright. 1881
Evening star., 1938-12-28
Washington Observations
Coffee Rote Dispute Gives japan
Toste Of U. S. Retaliation on CLOSED Door

brief interludes as Argentine Min
lister to the Netherlands, Denmark
and Norway.
- Il
Once again Department Of Com
merce memoranda to the White
House and other executive establish
ments will bear the magic initials of
n. H." They became famous when
Herbert Hoover was Secretary of
Commerce. and now they will be
used by Harry Hopkins. The former
w. p. A. chiefs confirmation by the
Senate Is expected in due course,
after plenty Of critical fireworks has
been shot of in the Commerce Com
mittee ana on the floor OF the
chamber. While the conviction per-
sists that q professional social
worker is out Of place in the business
portfolio Of the cabinet, agreement
is general that Hopkins is likely to
prove the most vigorous, dynamic
and purposeful administrator OF the
department since Hoover ran it.
Along with this feeling on Capitol
Hill is the equally positive belief
that as a Democratic presidential
candidate Hopkins will not get to
first base.
National geography is expected
to cut good deal Of ice in F. D. RS
selections for both the cabinet and
Supreme Court vacancies. Hopkins
is q native Iowan, but his name
will presumably be sent to the Sen
ate as q resident of New York. The
Empire State already has three rep
resentatives in the cabinet-Treas-
ury Secretary Morgenthau. Postmas-
ter General Farley and Labor Sec
retary Perkins. That gives the
Presidents home State four out Of
10 places. Should Solicitor General
Bob Jackson be appointed Attor-
ney General, New Workers would
occupy top-heavy so per cent Of
the cabinet. The geographical an
gle comes into play In connection
with the persistent talk of Felix
Frankfurter for the court. He would
make the second Massachusetts, man
on the high bench. Blandeis being
the other. New York already has
two Observation-Disclosures and Stone.
4 i
One Of the latest arrivals for the
session is Senator Alva B. Adams,
Democrat, Of Colorado, who was
triumphantly reelected for a sec
ond term last month. Although he
did not carry New Deal blessings
into the campaign-he was at one
time supposed to be on the Roose-
welt purge list-Adams was re-
elected by q majority of 80 900, COM
pared to the $4,000 by which he
won In 1882. His victory was all
the more significant because the
Democrats on November lost the
governorship, lieutenant governor
ship, secretaryship of State and
control Of the lower branch of the
legislature.
In promoting DR.. Frank p. Corri-
gan Of Ohio, now Minister to Pan
anna, to be the United States first
Ambassador to Venezuela, President
Roosevelt is taking q leaf out Of
the diplomatic code Of many Of
Evening star., 1938-12-28
Copyright. 1881

our Latin American neighbors, who
for years have been sending medi-
cal men to Washington as ENJOYS.
Ambassador designate Corrigan,
who is an inferno, pathologist and
surgeon by profession, is an asso-
ciate director for Latin America of
the American College of Surgeons.
He began his diplomatic career as
Minister to Ell Salvador In 1884, and
has been on duty in Panama for
something more than a.year.
(Copyrisht 1887
Evening star., 1938-12-28
Lowell Thomas Lecture
Is Arranged for CAPITAL

Lowell Thomas, radio commenta-
tor, will speak at Constitution Hall
February 2 under auspices Of the
Central Union Mission. MIR. Thom-
as lecture, dealing with his travels
throughout the world, will be pre-
sented as a benefit for the John 8.
Bennett Memorial Building fund.
Reservations for the lecture are
being accepted at the mission head
quarters, 613 G street NV.
Evening star., 1938-12-28

chanical ALLEGATION of wave lengths.
It has to do with the proper distri-
button of facilities and not to what
is said on the air. The phrase TN
the public interest, convenience and
necessity" has in recent years been
defined by various would-be-censors
in government as giving the Con-
gress the right to order supervision
of programs by the Federal Com
munications Commission, but the
Supreme Court Of the United States
has never passed on that particular
point; indeed one decision rather
points to the use Of that quoted
clause as defining the duty of Con-
gress solely with reference to the
ALLEGATION of physical facilities.
Radio is developing like the press
into an independent institution jeal-
GUS of its editing privileges and alert
to prevent any contingency which
will permit the Government to say
what can or cannot be spoken on
the air.
(Copyright. 193s)
Evening star., 1938-12-28

Under the circumstances there very special
little volume entitled An Economic Program
Democracy recently published by
TUFTS economists This 81 pamphlet has had exraor
dnary impact the New Deal spenders Chairman
Ecces OF the Federal Reserve Board
esed in it. It has caused other leading the
compensatory theory Its prescriptions being
read and quoted eagerly
The little volume carries the thinking logical
conclusion At the start unbalanced budgets
grounds that the destitute must be
Then temporarily unbalanced budgets positively
advocated in the doctrine compensatory spending
balance its books and its debts national
And the Harvard and Tufts economists delighted the
Deal spenders by suggesting that its balance
budget at all.
In effect the Harvard Tufts thinkers
national economy into sort Of perpetual motion machine They
one better than old Prof Irving Fisher who mentioned
nenty high plateau" back in 1929 They think
nenty rising plateau
The key to their theory the belief that capitalist
must continue to expand In order at all
adopts Of the mysteries it's widely held notion that
capitalism cannot stand STILL It either produce
more Of everything as did 1929 less and less as did
between 1929 and 1888 But the Harvard Tufts thinkers
believe that private enterprise capable Of making
capitalism produce and They the Government
must do It, And they defend their pointing the
1887 slump when 1.-The Government began withdraw
active role OF distributor and purchasing and he
nomc system went into another taspn'
Therefore, they offer unbalanced budgets national
Evening star., 1938-12-28
S. A. R. Will Give Dinner

The District Of Columbia Society,
Sons of the American Revolution,
will hold its annual ladies' night
banquet and dance Tuesday, Janu-
ary 10, at the Mayflower Hotel. A
reception at pm. will precede.
Messmere Kendall, national presi-
dent general, will head list Of
speakers, while entertainment will be
furnished by the United States Ma
rine Band Orchestra and the Or
pheus Quartet.
Evening star., 1938-12-28
on Long Trek

Their parents killed or their homes
wrecked by Japanese air raids, more
than 200 child refugees have started
a trek Of 1000 miles from China to
the far-west province of Sikong
famed as a paradise on earth" "
Peking reports say they are under
the guidance of girl teachers from
the war districts, and they will try
to earn their way" by singing and
dancing.
Evening star., 1938-12-28
Is Knoxville Youths
Visit D. .C.Y. M. G. A,

Sixteen boys from the Knoxville
CTenn) Y. M. c. A. will visit boys
of the Central Y. M. G. A. here to-
morrow, Friday and Saturday and
compete with them In athletic
events.
The senior boys of the visiting
group will play the local Y. M. c. A..
Flashes a game of basket ball at
7:3O pm. tomorrow, and the junior
boys Of the group will play the
Y. M. c. A. Eagles q basket ball
game at 4:30 pm. Friday. A SWIM
ming meet will be held Friday
evening, and Junior Gym Leaders
and the Older Boys Council of the
local "Y" will be host at banquet
for the visitors at $50 pm. Friday.
Evening star., 1938-12-28

tory powers of the commission, it
summoned the japanese to produce
their books, records and correspond
ence concerning rate-slashing in the
carrying trade, principally co1ee,
between the East coast Of South
America and the West coast Of the
United States. Our own shippers
represented to the Maritime Com
mission that the Japanese competi-
ton threatened to drive them from
the sea. The offending Far Eastern
companies some time ago resigned
from the shipping conference which
controls the route in question be-
cause they demanded an assignment
of $500 bags Of coffee per vessel
instead Of $500, and corresponding
revenue whether they carried the
larger quantity or not. The pro-
posal of the Japanese having been
rejected by the conference, they cut
tho rate from 81 to so cents q bag,
and were ready, it was understood,
to 60 to IS cents, if necessary. Be-
fore the commission hearings were
completed, the Japanese threw up
the sponge and announced their
readiness to adhere to conference
rate Of 80 cents q bag and demand
no pooling arrangement.
II Argentina, before impugning
the motives of the United States
toward the sister Americas, had
consulted her Ambassador at Wash
ington, FiNpe A. Espil. some OF the
misunderstanding at Lima last week
might have been avoided. senor
Espil has spent nearly 20 successive
years In this country. He is believed
to be the dean Of Latin Americans
on duty here. Certainly none OF
them knows US, our institutions ana
our real attitude toward the rest Of
the hemisphere more thoroughly or
sympathetically than the 5l-year-old
Argentine, native Of Buenos Aires
and husband Of a beautiful Ameri-
can. Having come to Washington
as q secretary Of embassy In 1919,
Felipe, as he is affectionately known
to 4 wide circle Of American friends
and admirers, has seen U. S.-Latin
American relations at various stages.
His early days among us conjure up
memories Of dollar diplomacy"
Marine occupations and other un-
savory events. But Espil's ambas-
sadorship, dating from 1881, covers
4 period during which Latin Amer
lea must have come to realize that
the United States genuine feelings
are typified by the good neighbor
policy. Senor Espil has served In
Warrington continuously since 1919,
with the exception Of . couple Of
Evening star., 1938-12-28

Inc Montana
Senator doesn't
want anybody to
set himself up as
. censor for any
group Of radio
stations, and Mr..
Miller would be
the last, no
doubt, to essay
such a role.
What the Ma
{ ! on a ] Associa-
ton Of Broad
casters did in
its recent meet
ing was to dis
Evening star., 1938-12-28

1887 solely to the spending in that period They
If the policies advocated here steadfasty
national expected at
rate of 81 900 900 to IS 900 O00 900 year"
while the
will richer and richer thus enabling the
the debt with
public should be financed
chiefly through This will Of
public debt And then add-the
people, perhaps people,
is terrifying"
(copsrzh,
Evening star., 1938-12-28
Both Sides
In Radio Row
HeIdCorrect
Wheeler and Miller
Talk Of Different
Aspects Of Problem
BY DAVID LAWRENCE.

Both Senator Wheeler and Neville
Miller, head of the National Associa-
ton Of Broadcasters, are right-that
Is, each is talking about different
aspects Of the same problem when
they discuss the latest controversy
over censorship of radio stations
which permit speeches melting racial
or religious hatredS.
Evening star., 1938-12-28

served 80 in the House of Representatives
years in his capacity always pay
There no sign Mr. Gamers rugged character
nabby OF the he living William
Edgar Borah of Idaho
ing region for nearly 80 complaints about his
moral fiber being weakened
checks which has watered his economic garden.
Then too know of considerable number of people in
this country who have inherited
fathers szabe fortunes which they have prudenty
exempt Government bonds They do nothing
beyond depung bank attorney coupons they
due while the compelled system under
which live work gentlemen
may get quarterly or halfyeary from the Treasury
the United States Many these kindly
and desirable citizens Only the charge them
with being disgracefu human
rugged characters being destroyed dependence on
the Government.
Why 1t considered different pay an unempoyed
1aborer bare pittance for the support family