davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1938-03-20

able one, or a financially disastrous
one, was indicated by today's be-
havior Of the stocks of the two lead
ing American companies affected.
Standard Oil of New Jersey closed on
the New York Stock Exchange today
SLIPS share higher at $4725, and
Consolidated IL cents share higher
at $875.
Nor did New York banking houses
with Mexican connections show dis
may over suspension by the Bank OF
Mexico of foreign exchange dealings.
In some quarters the suspension was
interpreted as first step in devalua-
ton of the peso, quoted yesterday at
PITS cents.
Compromise Offers Renewed.
w. S. Parish, president of Standard
Oil of New Jersey, in lengthy state
ment renewed prior offers Of COM
promise, but said, I'VE are not dis
posed to stand idly by and see that
capital confiscated."
H. F. Sinclair, executive chairman
Of Consolidated, said:
"our American employees, some OF
whom have lived there for genera
tions, have been ordered out of their
homes and threatened with violence
All access to our Offices and proper
ties is blocked by bands of workers
Mob action, rather than legal pro-
ceedings, characterized the whole pro-
gram. ="
Evening star., 1938-03-20

quent children are under the super.
vision Of the Board Of Public Welfare,
not Of the Juvenile Court, which
handles all commitments to the Ma
tional Training School In the train.
ing school, however. there are also
Federal prisoners. The institution il
supported by District tax payers.
A Problem Arises.
When DR.. Lewald took charge Of the
school last October as the successor
to DR.. Smith, he told the Appropria-
tions Committee 40 Of the inmates
had venereal diseases. Treatment for
such maladies is provided at the Con-
duit road institution, but not at two
Industrial Home schools.
Beyond the problem Of the in
adequacy of the Industrial Home
Schools and the probable consequences
of mixing incorrigibles With children
only mildly delinquent, is this poser:
The girls In the training school are
committed by the Juvenile Court.
The court would have to recomnit
| them to institutions whose inmates
are committed by the Board of Public
Welfare. If the court objects, there
is fear that the girls can all be freed
by writs Of habeas corpus.
Evening star., 1938-03-20

ever, carries this paragraph about the
school:
The number of persons committed
to this institution has decreased dur
ing recent years to point where the
committee doubted the advisability Of
continuing a separate institution.
In the first place. it was founo
that during the fiscal year 1887 the
cost of maintaining the institution was
in excess of s2,l00 per inmate. which
is far above that for similar institu-
tons.
Secondly. the District Workhouse
and Reformatory at Lorton, Va, has
constructed and is continuing to con-
struct excellent quarters for the care
of women and girls and it appears
that it will be to the advantage of the
inmates to transfer them to Lorton.
The committee, therefore, recommends
that no appropriations be made for the
National Training School for Girls and
that all persons committed thereto
be transferred to the reformatory at
Lorton."
The girls sent to the National Train
ing School are juvenile offenders un-
der II. The present population in
cludes SO colored girls and five white
girls, as we'll as three babies. with the
two races thoroughly segregated.
Population Chart.
Its capacity is 80 to 100 girls. and
the l0-year chart of its average daily
population shows that the capacity
often has been exceeded: 1923, 119:
| 1929, Ill: 1880. 119: 1881. ITO. 1882
1903; 1888. 81: 1884, 81; 1885, 81; 1896
70, and 1887. %,
The small population last year il
attributed to the fact that widespread
Improvements were being made in thu
plant with funds especially appropri
ated at the behest of Mrs. Franklin
Delano Roosevelt.
This small population and high ex
penditure naturally increased the PEI
capita cost. Besides $4,000 appro.
priated for new construction, $685. ,00(
was spent by the w. P. A. The i'm.
provements include a new cottage fol
| "1AAeS SA AH'' n AiSatiiiS pldilt. a DcGuSI
sewage system and the reconstruction
OF some of the older buildings.
The new cottage is completed. bu
has not been turned over to the insti.
tuition by the contractor. Probably
it will be put into operation a few
weeks before July /, the day the in.
stitution closes.
LortOn for Older Girls.
The Lorton Workhouse suggested b,
the committee as the new place o.
commitment for the girls is a pena
institution for older offenders, where.
as the inmates of the Training Schoo
require correctional treatment. Usual,
they are paroled at the end of a yea,
and half, If they have no infectious
disease, in custody of their families o.
their employers.
In preference to Lorton, the Distric
has chosen tentatively the Blue Plain
and Wisconsin avenue homes.
Institutions for Washington delin
Evening star., 1938-03-20
Branded Unfair.

SAN FRANCISCO, March 10 (P.-
The action of the Mexican Govern
ment in taking ovxer foreign-owned oil
companies was branded by the Stand
ard Oil Co. of California in state
ment tonight as arbitrary and wholly
unjust"
The company. subsidiaries of which
operate extensively In Mexico, stated
demands of the workers were so ex-
cessive that acceptance would mean
insolvency"
The companys statement said;
Our Mexican subsidiaries have
never had labor troubles. Rates Of
pay have been high compared to rates
in other industries, and working con-
ditions good.
THE Mexican Government has ac-
cused the oil companies Of Improper
conduct and interference with the
internal affairs of Mexico. IN fact
the oil industry has been of rrea,
aid to the Mexican Government and
the Mexican people. The industry has
not only added to the country's wealth
but on numerous occasions has ad.
vanced funds to the government, for
governmental purposes. to the ex-
tent of many millions of pesos"
Evening star., 1938-03-20
G.. o. p. Cai,, of 90 IN House
Forecast for November Polls
Elections WMPaue Way for Still Greater
Victories in 1910, Says Hamilton,
Claiming Increased Streng 9th.

Again in 1896 these huge majorities
in Congress were increased. In Janu-
ary. 1887, at the opening of the newly
elected Congress. the Democrats had,
in the House 333. the Republicans 88,
the Progressives 8. the Farmer-Labor-
ties and there was | vacancy. In
the Senate there were IS Democrats,
is Republicans. Progressive, 2 Farm
er-Labor, Independent and va
cancy
Since then, the Republicans have, in
by-elections. gained back two House
seats, making their count go. The
Democrats on the other hand. have
II Senators and the Republicans only
IS
Net even the most enthusiastic
Democrats hope for further gains as
result of the elections next fall
Indeed, it would be difficult to find
a Democrat who does not believe the
party will lose seats in the House and
probably a few in the Senate. where
only one-third of the membership is
up for reelection. But they do not
believe they will lose very much
despite the business depression which
has been under way now for half a
year and which has not as yet shown
signs of passing
How Hamilton Sees 1t.
Chairman Hamilton. in his letter to
Rudd. gives his estimate OF the situa-
ton as follows:
/ In November of 1936-when Mr..
Rocsevslt's strength was at its peak
/ the Republicans lost 129 congressional
districts by margins of 10 per cent
or less. In breaking down these 1886
figures, I find that we lost 81 districts
by per cent or less of the vote
We lost by per cent or less in 33 dis
tricts. by 7 per cent or less in %
districts and by 10 per cent or less in
AZ others.
1T is clear that 10 per cent change
in the votes this November will bring
the Republican strength in the House
up from 80 to 1870 seats.
See what has been happening re-
Gently. AS long ago as last spring We
had two by-elections that turned out
/ to be mighty interesting. They showed
a swing to us even before Mr.. Roose-
velt's recession began.
In California, in the 10th district
where a special election was held in
May. 1887, to fill vacancy. a Demo-
crat was elected. His plurality, how
ever, was less than 5000 as against a
Democratic plurality of over 10000
in the 1896 election. OF course, there
were less votes cast. but the Re-
publican voting strength increased la
per cent. Then there was a by-elec-
ton held about the same time in the
18th Pennsylvania district to fill an
unexpired term. We reelected Re-
publican and our percentage of the
total vote increased per cent.
November Contrasts.
Last November four Congressional
seats we're at stake. One of these was
in Virginia in Democratic district
1t returned Democrat to Congress
as was expected. But in the 18th
New York district the vote that elected
the Republican was Is per cent higher
than the vote our defeated candidate
had received two years earlier.
In the 25th New York district
where a Republican was elected, our
Evening star., 1938-03-20

voting strength increased 8 per cent
over 1896. And in the 9th New York
district, although the Republican per-
centage remained almost unchanged
over year earlier. our candidate re-
ceived 81 per cent of the vote Taking
these districts together. they show an
average Republican gain of per cent
in 1887 over 1885, and that was before
the recession had-according to Mr.
Roosevelt's own fgures,-put 100000
men out of work. A change hasn't
helped the Democrats any, We can
be sure.
You remember in 1885 we lost
New York State by better than a
million. Last fall we picked up all
along the line. increasing our ma jority
from a slim. single seat to a sizeable
| 20. And We captured 80 delegates
out of l68-a majority of the delegates
to the constitutional convention who
were running, by the way, on a parti-
san ticket"
G.. o. p. Regaining Strength.
Mr. Hamilton referred also to the
| fact that Gov. A. Harry Moore of New
| jersey, who had been elected to the
Senate by plurality of 231 900. won
in the gubernatorial race last fall by
only $4,000 votes.
The chairman pointed out that in
November, 1887 the total Statewide
vote in Pennsylvania for Republican
candidates was almost 100000 greater
than for Democratic candidates. He
said Philadelphia County. which was
carried by the Democrats by 2l5.OOO
in 1896, gave its local Democratic
candidates majorities of only 10000
last year. In Ohio. he said, the
G.. o. P. elected mayors in Akron and
Cleveland by good pluralities. A
Republican was reelected in Canton
by the biggest plurality in years. And
a conservative" was elected mayor
of Detroit, and another in Seattle.
During the past three months
Mr.. Hamilton continued. Il have made
three trips to the Coast and back By
different routes. have been in every
State where We Republicans have q
Chinaman's chance of getting to first
base. I found State and county chair.
Evening star., 1938-03-20
DARROW ASHES STREWN
His Secretary Consigns Them to a
Mild Chicago Park Breeze.

Chicago, March 19 (P.-The ashes
of Clarence Darrow were strewn today
in Jackson Park.
They were consigned to mild
breeze by the liberal lawyers secre-
tary George L. Whitehead. who stood
by the railing of the lagoon bridge.
Mr.. Darrow. who died last Sunday,
had admired the scene from the bay
window of his apartment. To him 1t
| was "the prettiest spot on earth"
Evening star., 1938-03-20
Closing of Training School
To Raise Problem of Inmates
Since Appropriation Bill Prorides No
Funds, WiHGirls Be Freed, or Cr0,Ud
Other Institutions?

When the District appropriation
bill becomes law the problem Of what
to do with the "a inmates of the Ma
tional Training School for Girls will
be placed squarely before the Board
of Public Welfare
The bill, already passed by the Sem
ate, fails to provide an appropriation
for this institution for girls COM
mitted by the Juvenile Court as in
corrigible, although s2O5.00O has just
been spent in improving the plant and
grounds.
The crisis in the Capitals correc-
tional and penal program raised by
this omission revolves around this
three-fold dilemma:
Will the inmates be freed on writs
OF habeas corpus when the institu-
ton to which they have been COM
mitted closed July 1?
If they are not freed and are trans
ferred. as the Board of Public We'll
fare now plans, to the Industrial
Home School on Wisconsin avenue
NV. and the Industrial Home School
for Colored Children in Blue Plains,
those two institutions will be seriously
overcrowded.
Abandonment Urged.
What is to become Of the expensive
2o-acre plant of the National Train
ing School for Girls?
AS for the colored girls, the District
Should arrange to place them in
institutions in Maryland. Virginia and
Delaware while the Blue Plains school
is developed into model institution
according to DR.. Carrie Weaver Smith
former superintendent of the National
Training School for Girls.
DR.. Smith, in an interview sun.
ported the abandonment of the
National Training School on the
ground the area in which it is located
Is becoming more and more a residen-
tlal section. and separation of the
sexes in correctional institutions is
likely to lead to Embellishments.
The plan I'm interested in" she
said, "is for the Government to ACQUIRE
additional land at Blue Plains and de.
Velop an entirely separate unit for the
girls under colored administration. DR.
Wendell P. Tucker, superintendent OF
the school. has done an excellent iot
with the boys. But the school was
planned with the idea of putting girl.
there, too. although they never have
been admitted"
No Provision Made.
However, the appropriation bill
makes no provision for this Blue Plain.
expansion and appropriates no none,
Tor the District to pay for the incar,
ceration of the girls in institution
outside the city.
Eighteen months ago the Nationa
Training School, at Conduit and Lit
tie Falls roads NV, achieved som
notoriety as the scene of repeate,
rloting among the inmates. but
report issued by the Children's Blu
reau Of the Labor Department mad
this optimistic observation:
Fortunately. this institution. whlcl
has for years been burden on tn
consciences of those who were awar
OF conditions. appears now to b
well on the way toward reconstruc
ton"
And in January of this year. a
the hearings on the District bill
Chairman Collins Of the Appropria
tions Subcommittee made this con
cession to DR.. James Lewald, new s,l
perintendent Of the National Train
ing School:
You have made an excellent star
with them" (the inmates.
The report on the hearings, how
Evening star., 1938-03-20
BY G. GOULD LINCOLN.

Republican National Chairman John
Hamilton sees turning in the long
lane of Democratic victories in con-
gressional elections next November.
Responding to inquiries regarding
Republican chances in this years
elections, Chairman Hamilton has
just written Thomas Rudd, county
chairman for Oneida County, New
York. that the prospects are for Re-
publican gain of 80 seats in the House
He backs up this claim with gains
made by Republicans in voting
strength in elections in number of
States since 1886
A gain of 80 seats in the House
would by no means give the Repub-
licans control of that body. But Mr.
Hamilton and other party leaders in
sist it would be clear indication of
still greater victories in 1910, the
presidential year.
Since the Republicans have only 90
seats in the present House, and the
Democrats have $50. such a gain as
contemplated by Chairman Hamilton
! NOulu lehSt llLc otiltOlI diS HlllA S1o
seats, a wide margin of control.
Democrats Scoff at Claims.
| Furthermore. Democratic leaders
| scoffed yesterday at the Republican
claims Publicly they insist they will
hold their own and suffer no losses
in the coming congressional elections
Privately they admit they expect some
| losses. but say these losses will be no
greater than one-half of Republican
ella ims-or not more than as House
seats.
The chain of Democratic victories
in the congressional elections Begin
ming with 1880. the first election
after the business crash of 1929, has
been little short of amazing. In each
of the four congressional elections
the Democrats increased their num-
bers in both houses.
lane of Democratic victories in Con-
In January. 1881, at the opening OF
the last short session of Congress
controlled by the Republicans, the
count in the House stood 266 Repuhli-
| CcllS, 4No DtIllpNld dC', "a I'M He''NA
3 vacancies. In the Senate, it was
So Republicans, 40 Democrats and
Farmer-Labor
But when the new Congress met in
December, 1931-chosen in the 1880
elections-the count in the House
stood 218 Democrats, 2l4 Republicans
l Farmer-Labor and vacancies. In
the Senate it was Al Democrats, Al
Republicans. Farmer-Labor and l
vacancy. Otter the Roosevelt land
slide in 1882, the count in the House
was 310 Democrats. 1T Republicans
5 Farmer-Labor and vacancies. In
the Senate 1t was go Democrats, IS
Republicans and Farmer-Labor.
Gains Made at Mid Term.
| Usually in the mid-term elections
half way through presidential term
| the party in power loses seats in Con-
gress. But despite the huge Demo-
cratic majorities in 1884. the Demo-
| Gratis made still further gains in both
House and Senate. For the count in
the House in January, 1885, stood 1872
Democrats. l02 Republicans. Pro-
gressives. Farmer-Labor and / va
cancy. In the Senate it was SO
Democrats. 25 Republicans, l Progress
! sive and l Farmer-Labor.
Evening star., 1938-03-20

"the usual maneuvers of professional
spreaders of unfounded alarm and
to give proof of the workers capacity
to prevent the populace from suffer-
ing by the change of oil administra-
ton.
An acute gasoline shortage occurred
during the morning but by afternoon
gasoline supplies became available
little by little as reserves we're tapped.
No authoritative source would say
exactly when the government would
take over the offices and other prop
erty. Many company managers
waited in their Offices till afternoon
for government representatives to take
formal control. 1t was believed that
action would not come until Monday
because of the Saturday half-holiday.
Workers May Get Properties.
The presidential decree ordered de-
livery to the department of national
economy. the treasury and the gen.
eral administration for petroleum op-
Grafton. 1t was believed by the prece-
dent of the appropriated National
Railways that the oil industry ulti-
mately would be given to the workers
to run.
Greatest difficulty facing govern
ment operation of the huge industry
was the marketing of oil abroad,
Mexico's principal market. American
and British companies were said to
control virtually all available oil
tankers.
Foreign oil men said the workers
syndicate was unprepared technically
to take over operation.
Hundreds of congratulatory tele-
grams from workers organizations
poured into the presidential palace.
Will Attack Constitutionality.
Attorneys for the companies said
they would attack constitutionality OF
the appropriation law on grounds that
it provides indemnification within q
period of 10 years." whereas the con-
stitution stipulates immediate pay.
ment.
President Cardenas promised te
compensate the companies. but die
not say how much. Neither did hi
J indicate whsther he would accept
Evening star., 1938-03-20
U. S. FIRMS PREPARE FIGHT
Will Use Every Legal Means 10
Retain PropertieS,

Will Use Every Legal Means" 70
Retain Properties.
NEW YORK, March 10 (P.-Big
American oil interests, surprised by
the unexpected Mexican weapon of
appropriation. today began preparing
a legal and diplomatic fight to regain
control of their properties as the next
step in their long controversy with the
Mexican government and Mexican la
bor
Briefs will be submitted early in the
week to Secretary of State Hull in the
hope that diplomatic moves may ease
the situation of the companies and
every legal means" will be resorted
to, a spokesman for the companies
said here today.
The American interest in Mexican
oil development, valued at more than
$500, 0,000,0 900. is little more than q
quarter. The largest American inter-
ests involved, their spokesmen said
here, are those of Standard Oil OF
New Jersey and the Consolidated Oil
Corp. (Sinclair group.
Hoped for Diplomatic Aid.
When the Supreme Court of Mexico
recently upheld Labor Board rulings
which the companies said they were
unable to meet, they were hopeful
that United States diplomatic inter.
vention might save them.
This hope was based on the fact
the United States Government
through continued purchases Of Mexi.
can silver at fixed prices has helped
Mexico through trying financia
crises.
That the present situation WAS noi
generally considered a 4nSurmeUut
Evening star., 1938-03-20
Oil
Continued From First Page }

Continued From First Page.)
which was the immediate cause of the
Mexican crisis.
The award granting wage increases
and other benefits to the industry's
$4,000 workers would have increased
operating costs s7,2o0,OOO, the labor
board held.
Oil company officials stoutly main
tanned their inability to meet the
award saying 1t would increase costs
Sl2,000.000 year. They declared
1886 profits were only $500, 900, max
Ing 1t impossible to grant the pro-
posed wages.
Talk OF currency depreciation dras-
ideally curtailed all credit operations
in the capital today, but cash business
went on almost as usual.
Nationalistic Policy Blamed.
Foreign observers believed the Pres
ident's action was attributable as
much to his Mexico for the Mexi-
cans" policy as to the exigencies of
the COHHlcG WIN Cne 1Orelgn-QOml
mated oil industry. United States
Ambassador Josephus Daniels limited
at that view in statement.
''The fact the oil companies offered
10 pay the amount stipulated In the
arbitral award on condition certain
administrative features of the labor
contract be adjusted shows they were
trying to reach an agreement by
which to carry on operations, he said
Mr.. Daniels disclosed British Min
lister st. Clair O'Malley, who calico
at the United States Embassy, shared
that view and was very disappointed
by developments.
The American envoy asserted he
had received no instructions from the
State Department, but he was sending
day by day account of the oil crisis
to Washington.
No Strike, Say Workers.
A spokesman for the workers syn.
dicate insisted their cessation of worl
was not q strike. He said the ending
OF the work stoppags was to aver
Evening star., 1938-03-20
JURY INDICTS YOUTH
IN SLAYING OF BRIDE
Manslaughter Laid to Illinois
Bankers Son After Wife Is
Shot to Death.

By the Associated Press.
PEKIN, ILL.,, March 19.-James
Crabb, 21-year-old son Of banker.
was indicted by special grand jury
today for manslaughter and perjury
in connection with the fatal shooting
March ! of his 19-year-old bride.
Betty Collision Crabb.
Circuit Judge Henry j. Ingram fixed
bail at $4,000 on the manslaughter
count and $500 on the perjury
charge.
The youths father, Willis Crabb. is
president of bank at nearby Delavan.
States Attorney Rayburn Russell
and John E. Cassidy, special attorney
general, had asked murder indict-
ment. The manslaughter charge car
ries a penalty upon conviction of to
IA years in prison.
Young Crabb confessed, Sheriff
Ralph Goar said. that he shot his wife
accidentally after a highball party.
Evening star., 1938-03-20

cial report of devaluation intentions
had been received from Mexico.
Government fiscal experts said that
in any event the Treasury was pledged
to buy Mexican silver at least to the
end of March,
Evening star., 1938-03-20
CONVENTIONS SET
Five Meetings Are Being Held
Here This Week.

Five conventions are scheduled to
be held in Washington this week The
organizations, meeting dates and con-
vention headquarters are:
American Industrial Managers Con-
ference. Monday and Tuesday, May
flower Hotel; Building Officials Con-
ference, Monday through Friday. Will
lard Hotel; National Peace Confer
ence, Wednesday through Friday.
Washington Hotel; World Economic
Cooperation Conference. Wednesday
through Friday. Washington Hotel.
and American Animal Hospital Asso-
ciation, Thursday through SATURDAY,
Mayfower Hotel.
Evening star., 1938-03-20

their $400,O00,0O0 valuation on their
properties.
There was speculation whether
President Cardenas would move next
to appropriate the foreign-operated
mining industry in Mexico.
The American Smelling & Refining
Co. last night closed it's Monterey
silver refinery employing 400 men. A
strike today confronted its Chihuahua
refinery, with pay roll of 1900 men
U. S. FIRMS PREPARE FIGHT