davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times., 1938-10-04
Aha! Women Worst
OfTraffic VioIators

Bus drivers and the two most magned groups
whose rushhour add the of living accord
ing to Washingtons motorcycle cops
And just shatter another Illusion the buecoats who baw
perfectly innocent male motorist urryng home to din
ner, think truck drivers are the safest in the city.
The Washington times., 1938-10-04
z BOYS INJURED.
BY YCARS;WOMAN|
HIT BY TROLLEY.

Two 1O-year-old boys were in
jured last night by automobiles.
Charles Ellis, 635 1 st. N. w.,
was taken to Emergency Hospital
with a fractured wrist and cuts
received when he was hit while
crossing Street near his home
on q scooter.
THIGH INJURED
The other boy, Clayton Wash
ington, colored, 1925 Dean Ave. N.
E., suffered a fractured left thigh
and cuts and bruises. He was
taken to Freedmen'S Hospital.
Mildred Game, 38, of 1901 M
st. N. W., received a possible brain
conclusion anu severe bruises late
yesterday when struck by street
car at the loop in Rosslyn, Va.
She was taken to Georgetown Hos
pital.
HURT AT CAR BARNS
Austin Penn, 81, Of 634 Mclean
Ave. s. W., an employe at the Cap
tai Transit car barns at Maine
Ave. and o Street Southwest, re-
ceived a fractured hip and lacera'
tions late yesterday when he was
pinned against a plow rack by q
street car. He was taken to
Emergency Hospital.
The Washington times., 1938-10-04
Washington Times staff Photo

But Dr. William Mann director of the Zoo ism of these
His institution nesting in the queude of Rock Creek Park
really has potenaes of being just about the nosiest spot
The Washington times., 1938-10-04
3 TEAMS COMPETE

Three teams representing Wash.
ington, Virginia and Maryland
are competing for the handsome
Herald-Times trophy which will be
awarded later today.
This trophy was won the two
preceding years by the Metropoli-
tan team, which hoped to repeat
the performance today and thus
take it out Of competition.
Members of the Virginia State
Police group are as follows: Lieut..
w. C. Thomas, captain; Sergt w.
w. Blythe, Sergt. H. B. Flippen,
and PvtS. H. B. Adams, R. A. Fai-
son, c. Johnstone, c. D. Reynolds
and Leroy Woody.
WASHINGTON TEAM
The Washington team is conf
posed of Sergt. s. r. Mckee, cap
tain, and Pvts. G. M. Stewart, M.
I. Bridges, J. N. Layton. c. F.
Thompson, B, F. Bean and R. B.
Mahill
Maryland competitors are Capt.
Edward NICK. Johnson, captain:
Corpl. C. Dillinger and Pvet1 j.
R. Buckwarth, John Perutka, B.
C. Mason and C. Schleuter and
H. S. SchultheiSe.
Although six members comprise
each of the teams in the Times
Trophy event, only the five best
scores are counted in reckoning
the winner.
The Washington times., 1938-10-04
AnyLOGy, It's Gay:
NICE, QUIET PLACE.
THE ZOO-OH, YES!
Gibbons Voice Can Garry Miles,
The Biggest Noise in the Park

Most people don't like noise. It CRATES their know
gives them headache result in numerous other
physiological manifestations that dagreeable.
The Washington times., 1938-10-04
ESQ MARKSMEN
VIE FOR HONORS.
IN POLICE SHOOT
BucshoItz Trophy Won
By White House Team

More than $50 police from
Washington, Maryland and Vir-
ginia gathered at the Park Police
Pistol Range on the Mt. Vernon
Boulevard today to participate in
the opening events of the Third
Annual Pistol Match sponsored
by the Metropolitan and Park
Police.
The first match on the schedule
was for the Fred Bucholtz trophy
which was open only to members
of the three police divisions in
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS, Park
and White House.
Eugee Mitchelln, executive Off
Ger of the match; Lieut.. H. w.
Baldwi. chief range officer, and
Howard Crawford, chief clerk of
the Metropolitan Police served as
officials for this event.
16 TEAMS ENTER
Sixteen pistol teams consisting
of five men each, participated in
the Bucholt match which, &C.
cording to unofficial scoring, was
won y the White House team.
To become the permanent pos
session of any team the trophy,
like the Washington Herald-iTmes
Trophy, must be won three con.
secutive times. The hopes Of the
First Precinct to gain possession
of the trophy by winning today ap-
peared blasted.
Members of the winning White
House team and their scores were:
Ira L. Law, 284; Frank F. Nc
Laughlin, 276; w. L. Lasham, 293;
A. L. Keith, 289; L. A. Schultz
269, making team score totalling
1,411.
The Washington times., 1938-10-04
WINTER WORK

Sometime this month, as soon
as the weather turns cold, winter
preparations will begin at the
Zoo.
The preparations will be under
Evening star., 1938-08-11

weekly meeting Of the Washington
Lions Club at the Mayflower Hotel
yesterday. He dealt particularly with
fair trade practice conferences con-
Quoted by numerous industries in re-
cent years under commission auspices.
r. L. Polio was presented with .
birthday gift by the members. H. M.
Brundage. jr., president, presided at
the meeting.
Evening star., 1938-08-11
NEW TABLE SPROUTS

PAHOKEE, Fla. R)7J. r. Miller
doesn't know whether to use piece of
furniture he has in his living room
as table or as an ornamental shrub.
Miller looked at the table two days
after he had purchased it at Ocala
and discovered leaves sprouting from
the legs. The sprouts some two inches
long. have pushed their way through
the Varnish
Evening star., 1938-08-11
ARMY-NAVY STAMPS
TO BE WITHDRAWN
1867 Commemorative Series
Will Be Taken From
Circulation Soon.

The Post ONCE Department advised
stamp collectors today that 10 stamps
comprising the commemorative Army
Navy series of 1867 will be with.
drawn from circulation soon. The
stamps range in denomination from
to 5 cents
The olive-colored, Scent Van Buren,,
one of the presidential series, will go
on sale tomorrow for the first time.
Evening star., 1938-08-11

terday. several hours after being
found on the bathroom floor 1T her
home, 30s Sixth street NV.
A partially-1illed bottle Of poison
was found lying beside her. She
was the proprietor Of . lunchroom at
the Sixth street address.
Evening star., 1938-08-11

Four letters of George Washington
were sold recently in London for 81
385, one relating to his retirement
from public life bringing $l,050.
Evening star., 1938-08-11

Tax revisions are halting the busi-
ness advance in Brazil.
Evening star., 1938-08-11
SOUTHWEST SPAIN
NEW BATTLE AREA
insurgents Open 2-Pronged
Attack Against Rich
Mining Section.
D the Associated Press.

th9 ASSOClAtc0 FTeSS.
HENDAYE, France, Aug. ia
two-pronged insurgent attack bit today
at the Almaden mining country in
Southwestern Spain, one Of the Span
ish governments wealthiest areas, and
the worlds richest mercury-yielding
region.
One column, driving northeast, re-
ported it captured Almorchon, giving
insurgents control of a railroad from
Almaden ~ miles west to Castuera
and a branch line from Almorchon
south toward Belmez in Cordoba.
Another column operating farther
north along the Guadiana River VAL
ley said it made seven-mile advance
In IL hours and captured six small
towns.
Battle in East Obscured
Conflicting reports obscured the
progress Of battle in Eastern Spain
along the Ebro and Segre Rivers,
where insurgents said they were clean
ing up rapidly the gains made in a
government offensive the past two
weeks.
An official government communique
said all insurgent counter attacks
south Of the Balaguer Bridgehead
across the Segre, In Western Cata-
lonia, and about 80 miles from BARGE
Iona. were repulsed.
Other dispatches from Barcelona,
provisional government capital, said
government troops continued their
advance and widened a breach in
insurgent lines.
Insurgent bulletins said Insurgent
Generalissimo Francisco Franco was
beginning to put pressure on the
Gandesa Pocket, about 50 miles to
the south, by attacking south from
Fayon.
Front Bing Strengthened.
These advices said a general drive
the Barcelona peoples army" was
not yet under way, although the front
was being Strengthened out with little
effort.
Insurgents said they advanced 10
miles along the 25-mile front south
west Of Almaden, IS miles north Of
Cordoba in the Estremadura region,
winning crops and cattle and gaining
defense advantages west and south
Of Almaden in the rugged Tiros Noun
tains.
Other insurgent dispatches from
Zaragoza said Gen. Frances troops
had killed or captured all government
soldiers who crossed the Segre south
Of Balaguer Monday night in a sur
prise offensive which government
bulletins declared had accomplished
its purpose of drawing insurgent units
from other points.
Evening star., 1938-08-11
Cool Crinkle Crepe
Mems Shirts yl.s; Ms;; S IS

Smart and easy to and cool through hout the Sum-
ner They do not wilt or wrinkle, for they do not
require ironing after woshing Made Of good quality
cotton in becoming coorottoched STYLE Select from at
toctve blues tons and Whites and pin stripes Of blue,
tan, or gray white Men find this low price to pay
for shirt smart to wear this Summer.
1Ndrssro EcoNp
Evening star., 1938-08-11
Wedge in Rebel Line.
~ Radio to The Star.

BARCELONA, Aug. 1.-THE 3-mile
wedge driven into the rebel line mid
way between Lerida and Balaguer by
the Loyalists Monday, when they
crossed the Segre River at two points,
was still intact last night, according
to official information.
Though a small thing in itself, the
Loyalists' river crossing may ulti-
mately be of considerable value. For
the moment its importance is mostly
Its nuisance value, like thorn which
may or may not cause an infection.
The Republicans crossed the Segre
at two points, between Villaneuva de
Ia Barca and Termens, after taking two
towns on the right bank, Torrelameo
and Manargunes, and pressed inward
almost to the key town Of Albesa, US
ing the River Ribagorzana as cover
for their left flank. Some of the pris-
oners taken were said to be Ger
mans.
copyright, 1888. by Chicago Daily News,
Inc)
Evening star., 1938-08-11
Rebel. Fire on British Shin.

MADRID, Aug. II R).-The British
ship Stanlake was struck by machine
gun bullets today in an insurgent air
raid on Valencia's harbor district, the
Spanish (governmenD press agency
reported.
1t said the ship was not struck by
bombs and there were no casualties
aboard. Fifty bombs fell along the
waterfront, but caused no injuries.
Evening star., 1938-08-11
Bombing Prober on Job.

TOULOSE. France, Aug. IL P.-
British Capt Smyth Piggott arrived
here today, ready to investigate, on
the demand Of either faction in Spain,
any bombardments of civilian centers.
Capt. Piggott said he would report
his findings to the British government
and the League of Nations. He said
he would be joined later by other ex-
perts from neutral countries making
up the long planned neutral investi-
eating commission.
Evening star., 1938-08-11
DEATH HELD SUICIDE
Coroner Probes Sudden Illness Of
Mrs. zannucci.

Coroner A. Magruder Macdonald
has issued a certificate Of suicide in
the death Of Mrs. Rose Iannucci, ~,
who died at Providence Hospital yes,
Evening star., 1938-08-11
LIONS CLUB MEETS
r. e. Treer of Trade Commission
Speaker at Session.

Administration Of laws affecting
business men was explained by r. E.
Freer, member of the Federal Trade
Commission, in an address at the
Evening star., 1938-04-25

Of State, county and municipal
employees. Nor do the States, un-
der existing decisions, levy income
taxes on the salaries of the hun
dreds Of thousands Of Federal en-
ployes. Justice In a great de-
mocracy should treat those who
earn livelihood from government
In the same way as 1t treats those
who earn their livelihood in private
employ.
I recommend, therefore, that the
Congress enact legislation ending
tax exemption on Government
salaries of all kinds, comforting
powers on the States with respect
to Federal salaries and powers to
the Federal Government with re-
spect to State and local govern
ment salaries.
Such legislation can, believe,
be enacted by short and simple
statute. 1t would subject all future
State and local bonds to existing
Federal taxes; and it would confer
similar powers on States in rela-
ton to future Federal issues.
At the same time, such a statute
would subject State and local en-
ployes to existing Federal income
taxes, and confer on the States the
equivalent power to tax the SAL
aries Of Federal employees.
The ending Of tax exemption, be
1t OF Government securities or of
Government salaries, is a matter,
not of politics, but of principle.
Evening star., 1938-04-25

curlties temptation to men of great
wealth to lock up substantial portions
of their funds in tax-exempt securi-
ties" These are the men, he pointed
out. who are best able to assume
business risks" yet their wealth is not
employed in an expansion of busi-
ness.
The President emphatically told
Congress that fair and effective
progressive income tax and huge per-
petual reserve of tax-exempt bonds
cannot exist side by side" He also
registered his disapproval of seeking to
cure the situation by the constitutional
amendment route. which he called
that cumbersome and uncertain
remedy
His request that Congress pass law
ending reciprocal tax exemptions for
Government bonds and securities and
trust to the courts to uphold it as
constitutional recalled to some of the
legislators the Presidents letter to
former Representative Hill of Wash
ington at the time the Guffey coal bill
was up for consideration. In that
letter he urged members of Congress
to support the coal bill even if they
had doubts as to its constitutionality.
If the Presidents recommendations
are to be written into a new bill, the
House Ways and Means Committee
will be the first to take charge of it.
1t has been estimated that there
are s54,489. 100000 Federal, State and
municipal bonds outstanding TODAY.
yielding approximately $4,000 900
in interest annually wholly or par
TALLY exempt from taxation. These
are figures presented by Senator Byrd
in support of his constitutional amend
ment. He has also said there are
100000 persons on the Federal pay
roll, paid at the rate Of 81 SOC, ,O00, 900
a year, whose salaries are exempt from
State taxation. This list does not in
clude legislative. judicial, military,
relief or pension rolls He has esti-
mated that there are 1000, 900 persons
on State and municipal pay rolls, re-
ceiving about $4,000. 100000 a year,
and their salaries are exempt from
Federal income taxes.
Senator Byrd said today he was
perfectly willing to go along with the
President in his recommendation for
a statute providing for reciprocal tax
alton of Government securities and
salaries. He added. however, that he
believed Congress should also perfect
a constitutional amendment provid-
ing for such taxation and have it
ready in. the event the Supreme Court
should hold the statute invalid.
Evening star., 1938-04-25

immunity accorded to income
derived from their respective obli-
cations and ofIices.
A similar problem is created by
the exemption from State or Fed
eral taxation Of a great army OF
State and Federal officers and en-
ployes. The number Of persons on
the pay rolls OF both State and
Federal Government has increased
In recent years. Tax exemptions
claimed by such officers and
empoyes-once an inequity OF rela-
lively slight importance-has be-
come a most serious defect in the
fiscal systems of the States and the
Nation, for they rely increasingly
upon graduated income taxes for
their revenues.
1t is difficult to defend today
the continuation Of either OF these
rapidly expanding areas OF tax
exemption. Fundamentally our tax
laws are intended to apply to all
citizens equally. That does not
mean that the same rate of in
come tax should apply to the very
rich man and to the very poor
man. Long ago the United States,
through the Congress, accepted the
principle that citizens should pay
in accordance with their ability to
pay, and that identical tax rates
on the rich and on the poor actu-
ally worked an injustice to the
poor Hence the origin of pro-
eressive surtaxes on personal in
come as the individual personal
income increases.
Adva ntage Seen
TO Large Incomes.
Tax exemptions through the
ownership of Government securi-
ties OF many kinds-Federal, State
and local-have operated against
the fair or effective collection Of
progressive surtaxes. Indeed, l
think 1t is fair to say that these
exemptions have violated the spirit
of the tax law itself by actually
giving greater advantage to those
with large incomes than to those
with small incomes.
Men with great means, best able
Evening star., 1938-04-25

to assume business risks, have
been encouraged to lock up sub
stantial portions OF their funds in
tax-exempt securities. Men with
little means, who should be en-
couraged to hold the secure obli-
cations OF the Federal and State
Governments, have been obliged to
pay 4 relatively higher price for
those securities than the very rich
because the tax-immunity is of
much less value to them than to
those whose incomes fall in the
higher brackets.
For more than 20 years Secre-
taries of the Treasury have report
ed to the Congress the growing
evils of these tax exemptions. Econ
omists generally have regarded
them as wholly inconsistent with
any rational system of progressive
taxation
Therefore, I lay before the Con-
gress the statement that a fair and
effective progressive income tax and
a huge perpetual reserve of tax
exempt bonds cannot exist side by
side.
The desirability OF this recon-
mendation has been apparent for
some time, but heretofore it has
been assumed that the Congress
was obliged to wait upon that cum
berSOme and uncertain remedy-a
constitutional Observation-Disclosures
taking action. Today, however, ex-
pressions in recent judicial opinions
lead us to hope that the assump-
ton underlying these doctrines are
being questioned by the court itself
and that these tax immunities are
not memorable requirements under
the Constitution itself, but are the
result of judicial decision. There
fore, it Is not unreasonable to hope
that judicial decision may find it
possible to correct it. The doctrine
was originally evolved out of q
totally different set of economic
circumstances from those which
now exist. 1t is a familiar prin-
ciple Of law that decisions lose their
binding force when the reasons
supporting them no longer are
pertinent.
Asks Effective Action
To Stop Exemptions.
l. therefore, recommend to the
Congress that effective action be
promptly taken to terminate these
tax exemptions for the future. The
legislation should confer the same
powers on the States with respect
to the taxation Of Federal bonds
hereafter issued as Is granted to
the Federal Government with re-
spect to State and municipal bonds
hereafter issued.
The same principles Of just tax
alton apply to tax exemptions OF
official salaries. The Federal Gov
ernment does not now levy income
taxes on the hundreds of thousands
Evening star., 1938-04-25
Exemptions
Continued From First Page J

and municipal governments in the
past, and which for the most part are
tax exempt It applies only to future
Issues. However. as all Government
securities have stated periods to run
and must either be paid off or con-
tinued by the process of new issues. it
is clear that e"entually there will be
no tax-exempt securities if the Presi-
dents plan is adopted
There is no more reason for exempt
Ing the salaries of Government en-
ployes from income taxes than there
Is for exempting the interest on Gov
eminent securities, the President in
sisted. "A great army" of Federal,
State and municipal employees exists in
the country today. Federal income
taxes are not levied against the salaries
paid to the State and municipal en-
ploves, and vice versa, State income
taxes are not levied against the SAL
aries paid the Federal employees.
When the number of Government
employees. Federal. State and munich
pal, was small. this tax exemption
Was not a material matter, but today
the picture Is very different.
The President saw in the exemp-
ton from taxes of Government Sc
Evening star., 1938-04-25
Tax Exemptions Text
Roosevelt Message Points Out Many inequalities
in System of Levy-Free Bonds and Salaries
in Separate Political Division.

The text OF President Roosevelt's
to Congress on removing ia,
from governmental securi.
ties and salaries.
The Sixteenth Amendment to the
Constitution of the United States,
approved in 1918, expressly author
lied the Congress Ito lay and collect
taxes on incomes, from whatever
source derived" That is plain
language. Fairly construed this
language would seem to authorize
taxation OF income derived from
State and municipal, as we'll as
Federal bonds, and also income de-
rived from State and municipal As
well as Federal Offices.
This seemingly obvious construc-
ton Of the Sixteenth Amendment,
however. was not followed in ju-
dicial decisions by the courts. In
stead a policy of reciprocal tax i'm
munity was read into the Sixteenth
Amendment. This resulted in eX-
>AHPtAAiS lAiC ihlSoHlC AIOIu TSdSld
bonds from State taxation and ex-
empting the income from State
bonds from Federal taxation.
Whatever advantages this recip-
rocal immunity may have had in
the early days of this Nation have
long ago disappeared. Today it has
created vast reservoir of tax
exempt securities in the hands of
the very persons who equitably
should not be relieved of taxes on
their income. This reservoir now
constitutes serious menace to
the fiscal systems of both the States
and the Nation because for years
both the Federal Government and
the States have come to rely in
creasingly upon graduated income
taxes for their revenues.
States and Nation
''Deprived of Revenue"
Both the States and the Nation
are deprived of revenues which
could be raised from those best
able to supply them. Neither the
Federal Government nor the States
receive any adequate. compensating
advantage for the reciprocal tax