davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1937-02-11
Substitution of Evils.

The bill to repeal the so-called mar
riage clause shows how far We must go
before there can be any noteworthy or
permanent strengthening of the merit
system. For the underlying philosophy
Of this repeater bill is that a Govern
ment job is created and held primarily
for the benefit of the job-holder. The
merit system will never be perfected
until this conception is changed, and
Government service is recognized as per-
formed primarily for the employing
government, with the job holders bene-
fits purely incidental.
The bill just reported from the House
Civil Service Committee repeals the So
called marriage clause. But why could
it not have stopped with that COM
mendable reform? Instead, it substitutes
a provision under which the combined
same family-in future Government en-
ployment-cannot exceed $4,000 year.
The marriage clause provided that
when separations from the service were
necessary, the first affected would be
the man or woman whose wife or hus-
band was also in Government employ
That clause was repugnant to the merit
principle because it injected wholly
irrelevant consideration. Under the
merit system principle, appointment to
Government Office or retention in Gov
ernment service should depend on merit
alone. Marital status, veteran status,
place of residence-all of these are ex-
traneous. If man and wife are superior
to two other individuals in their per-
formance of Government service, their
claim to Government positions should be
unassailable. For it is the employing
Government, not the individual, whose
interests are at stake.
The repeater bill substitutes a principle
as repugnant as the marriage clause.
How absurd it is to disqualify one
brother from Government service because
the salary of the other brother amounts
to $4,000 a year! If John Smith,
skilled lawyer, is needed for Government
service and qualities by competitive
examination for a position, where is the
logic in disqualifying him because his
brother Tom is Government scientist?
The jobs are not created for John
Smith and his brother Tom, or for
the patronage opportunities represented
in their jobs. The jobs are created for
the performance of governmental serv-
ice and if John and Tom Smith are
the best qualified applicants, other con-
siderations are beside the point.
The marriage clause has been con-
demned more for the principle it repre-
sents than for the actual hardship its
enforcement has caused. Likewise, the
$4,000 job limitation is more important
in principle than it is apt to be in
practice. The marriage clause repre-
sented a woeful misconception of Gov
ernment service which is perpetuated in
the substitute. That conception must
be changed before there can be any
real strengthening of the merit system.
Evening star., 1937-02-11
Statute to Compel Unions
To Incorporate Needed
To the Editor of The Star:

To the Editor of The Star:
have frequently said that if we
could get few statesmen in Congress
instead of a lot of political vote chasers
the matter of such men as John l..
Lewis and his lawleSs tactics could soon
be solved.
Any outfit able to put up $500,000 cash
for the sole purpose of interfering with
the other fellows business should be
amenable to the same laws that govern
the fellow they are after. Whenever
the country gets on the statute books q
law compelling unions to incorporate
and assume responsibility for their acts,
there will be less of the tendency to do
just what is being done now. Without
some such action, I fear that we are
much nearer fascism or some other
ism than we would care to acknowledge.
Your paper, and other papers, can
help the situation by bringing these un-
lawful acts before the public and at the
same time, turn the light of publicity on
our Representatives on Capitol Hill.
There are some people in high places
who need to realize that there are two
sides to every question-always.
N. G. SHEROUSE.
Evening star., 1937-02-11
War Lords on Top.

Because of the sudden illness-which
may or may not be of the diplomatic"
type of indisposition which frequently
overtakes statesmen in times of political
stress-General Nakamura, who became
war minister in the new Hayashi cabinet
at Toxic, has been succeeded by General
Sugiyama, the militarist whom the army
from the first desired to place in the war
portfolio. Sugiyama gives way as in
spector general of military education
to General Count Terauchi, deposed as
war minister when the Hirota cabinet
fell at the end of January Thus after
q mere interlude of ten days and an
upheaval which was supposed to have
broken their grip on the Japanese gov
ernment, the war lords find themselves
on top again and in position to continue
their domination of both internal and
foreign policies.
The Sugiyama- -Terauchi exchange Of
posts maintains in power the so-called
fright of Center army group which
has ruled the rooSt under the slogan OF
"Unity and Discipline" since the revolt
of February, 1896. While Premier Haya-
shi's cabinet is now strengthened by
inclusion of one of the arny's most
potent leaders, the process is accom-
plished at the cost of admitting mas
terful personality thoroughly imbued
with militant ideas of national renova-
tion." General Sugiyama commands
greater army support than any other
officer and is considered the most capable
Of translating militarist aspirations into
cabinet policy. By no stretch of the
imagination can his accession be re-
garded as anything but an omen of un-
diminished aggression in China and q
Evening star., 1937-02-11
Artisans Error May Be
Cause of Motto Puzzle

To the Editor Of The Star:
The fact that the Department Of Jus
tice, as described in The Evening Star
of the 7th, Is puzzled about its own motto,
Is another proof that we Americans love
to use whatever may come to us from
the past without giving it proper study
and consideration.
No matter how subtly the wording Of
this motto may be translated, 1t remains
obviously related to a feminine value.
Granting that the motto would 60 back
only to the days Of Queen Elizabeth,
there does not appear to be serious his
torical evidence that the Queen tried at
any time to usurp the functions Of god
desS, as the little story related in The
Star would lead us to believe. With due
respect to those who have already delved
into this apparent mystery, 1t is evident
that the circumstantial evidence brought
forth to explain the origin and meaning
of the motto is too weak to be admitted.
"Errare humanum est" A real study
of the facts involved here cannot fail
been to try to use DONNA" instead Of
"dominus" in connection with Justice" !"
While it is true that justice was rendered
1Oi CclltuIlcS pdSG III IIle IldIIe Ol LQc
king, kings never failed to admit that
they in turn were only acting as servants
Of God and not in the name Of a goddess.
Thus the French would say, "Laissez pas
ser la justice de Dieu"-"Make way for
Gods justice" At no time do we find
indeed any deviation from this under
standing, whether in one nation or an
other, even though the French Revolu-
tlon tried to create goddess called
Reason" to supplant God.
The present motto of the Department
OF Justice has no more sense than would
our national motto if it were made to
read "E pluribus una" 1t is plausible
enough that when it was first adopted,
some facetious or negligent artisan en-
graved the word "domina" instead Of
"dominus," mistakes of this nature being
often recorded throughout the Middle
Ages and other historical periods. AS
matters now stand, it behooves the
learned attorneys of our Department Of
Justice to put an end to the use of an
error. and either have the motto discarded
entirely for better one, such as Jus
tice for all" the fine motto of st. Louis
of France, or correct the present motto
to read "Qui pro dominus justitia Sc
quitor"-"Who renders justice in the
name of God" HENRY BURR.
Evening star., 1937-02-11
THIS AND THAT
BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL.

A man who kept o fruit orchard ought
to know II starlings are harmful. Let
us see what he has to say:
Dear sir: Your comments on the
startling prompt me to say few words
in commendation of your vigorous
friend.
1T was in 1923 that my attention
was called to a new bird when over
head in a big oak tree "a tree some 6
or more feet in diameter), heard some
Of the sweetest notes that I ever had
heard
1T was whistle and came very clear
and fiute-like from what I mistook for
a purple grackle. When I saw them
clearly supposed they were the startling
that had been reading about, and SO
they proved to be.
They were nesting in a hollow limb
Of the oak. had heard the startling
would do a great deal Of damage to
the fruit. then was in charge of the -
Orchards at -. We never suffered any
loss from them and do not know of
any damage that they do.
They have become a nuisance in
some English ivy at my sisters up in
Montgomery County, where they come
10 rOoSt every evening.
- X
when wrote you in November,
think it was, they had not come to our
feeder yet. But the very next morning
there were a dozen or more around our
incinerator, some 100 feet from the
feeder
Soon they began to visit the feeder.
Yesterday one spent 20 or more minutes
eating Suet in the feeder. 1t would eat
a little while and then look all around
tour feeder is 10 feet from the grounO
and then eat some more.
'One time it dropped a small piece
OF Suet on the ground, and soon a
downy woodpecker, not being able to
get in the feeder, saw the suet on the
ground and went to it.
For five minutes the woodpecker sat
on the ground and ate suet. 1 had never
before seen a woodpecker feed on the
ground. Once it stopped feeding and lit
on the pole holding the feeder, then
went back to the suet. wondered if
it was tired of feeding in the unusual
situation and went back to the pole
to rest.
THE way the starlings all look in
the same or nearly the same direction
when they light in tree has been an
interesting sight to me. I have also
observed in their flight their synchronous
action. They or the English sparrows
ate some of our peas last Summer, but
I have forgiven them for that. Sincerely,
j. P. b.
Such observations as these are the life
of amateur bird watching.
That is why every watcher must make
sure his own eyes can stand the strain.
Undoubtedly this strain results from
staring too long at one bird.
The attention should be changed from
bird to bird, and not kept too long on
one specimen.
This is something to keep in mind, for
the temptation is to look fxedly at the
same creature for as long as it interests
the observer.
Keeping the eyes in motion, one may
feel, does great deal to take away the
effort of seeing Just looking, as healthy
young people do. is past for a great
many persons. Usually this occurs in
the forties There is strain, and there is
difficulty of seeing The eyes are not
what they used to be! Well, what to
do? Glasses may or may not solve the
problem. Most people think they will,
because they have been brought up to
think they will Actually they may not,
for a variety of reasons.
A little common sense here, too Will
Evening star., 1937-02-11
David Lawrence Corrected
On Zimmerman Note
To the Editor of The Star:

To the Editor of The Star:
1.-The Zimmerman note" 091D re-
ferred to by Mr.. David Lawrence in his
in memoriam to the late C. I. Probert,
distinguished news writer, was not ad-
dressed to Mr.. Zimmerman, German
Minister to Mexico. It was sent from
Berlin by DIR. Zimmerman, German
secretary for the foreign Office. The re-
cipient was Baron Eckardt Co, German
envoy to Mexico.
The thing, proposing an anti-American
alliance of Germany, Mexico and Japan,
leaked out. 1t produced much commotion
here, and, as Mr.. Lawrence says, it did
its bit to bring the United States into
the war on the allied side.
It was great news only 20 years ago,
and now we are already mixed up on 1t.
The front page of today is the morgue
Of tomorrow. Such Is fame!
FRED vETTER.
Evening star., 1937-02-11
Voluntary Retirement.

4IIClC SCClllo llO SOOu 4CdoOlI WHY Juo-
tices of the Supreme Court of the United
States should not long ago have been
accorded the right to retire on full pay
after reaching seventy years of age and
after completing ten years service on the
bench. Other Federal judges, both district
and circuit have been accorded this privi-
lege. The House of Representatives appar-
emily had this opinion when yesterday
1t passed by vote of 3l5 to rs bill to
grant the retirement privilege to the
members of the Supreme Court. 1t is
vastly different proposition from that
advanced by President Roosevelt in his
bill for the reorganization of the judi
ciary. For the President, while he would
grant the retirement privilege to the
justices of the Supreme Court, goes
further. He asks the power to appoint
an additional justice to the court when
ever Supreme Court justice fails to
retire at the age of seventy years and
six months.
The vote by which the voluntary re-
tirement bill passed the House is not to
be considered a test of strength on the
Presidents plan with reference to the
Supreme Court. Many of the bitterest
foes of the Presidents plan supported
the bill. Some of them did so in the
hope that if the voluntary retirement
bill becomes law the Presidents de-
mand for authority to increase the size
Of the court will be checkmated. This
Is an end which many Americans will
devoutly pray may be achieved.
President Roosevelt, however, will not
be satisfied with any such milk-and-
water measure as voluntary retirement
bill for the justices of Supreme Court.
This would leave it entirely in the hands
Of the present members of the court, deo
volente, when the personnel of the high
est tribunal is to be changed. What the
President wants is authority in his own
further delay, so that he will be able, as
he believes, to obtain more liberal inter-
pretations of the Constitution and the
validating of his New Deal laws.
Not only does the Presidents reorgani-
cation plan permit him to add new men,
bers to the Supreme Bench when recall
citrant justices fail to retire at seventy
and onehaf years, but once he has by
this device increased the size of the
Supreme Court, the increase remains
permanent. 1t is plainly so stated in
the bill which the President transmitted
to the Congress.
If the Senate now passes the House
bill for voluntary retirement of justices
Of the Supreme Court, how many of
them today would avail themselves of
the opportunity? There are six of the
nine members of the court who are up
wards of seventy years of age. With
one or two exceptions, the President
would be glad to see them all retire.
It is because he fears that they will not
30 retire that he wishes the power to
nullify their opinions by the appoint
ment of new and additional justices.
Under ordinary circumstances, perhaps
several of the justices would seek retire.
ment. Under fire, perhaps none of them
would do so.
Evening star., 1937-02-11

If Felix Frankfurter is restored to
political attention, libraries may as well
prepare to provide research men with
his remarks on the Sacco-Vanzetti case.
AS vaguely recalled they were erudite
and not without consequences in the
technique of molding public opinion.
Evening star., 1937-02-11
A Rhyme at Twilight
BY
Gertrude Brooke Hamilton
Riffs.

n1ILSs
A cloudy dusk obScureS the sunset fires,
Black shadows lie along the window
sills,
Smoke from the city chimneys wreathes
the spires,
/ Misty and toneless are the distant hills.
The night falls drearily;
The heart sighs YEARLY.
From out the North q strong, fine wind
sets free
The heavy mists, and the smoke drifts
afar;
While, as the darkness deepens, suddenly
From out the riven clouds there shines
o star.
So when life saddens US
Come riffs to gladden. ua.
Evening star., 1937-02-11

As an analyst and an observer, Col.
House might be worth unshelving to
assist in explaining to the American
public just what is happening. The op-
portunity to base valuable ideas on per-
sonal observations of past events was
never more conspicuously in evidence.
Evening star., 1937-02-11

Admiration must go to the manner
in which Mr.. Farley kept the Post Office
Department and a campaign running
simultaneously. In cabinet authority the
Postmaster General should at least stand
as high as the Secretary OF Agriculture.
Evening star., 1937-02-11

Clarence Darrow is, actuarialy speak
ing, man of advanced years, but there
might be some way of retaining him in
an advisory capacity in case 1t should be
desired to equip the Government with
a bureau of psychoanalysis.
Evening star., 1937-02-11

Some New York boys rebelled when
their parents insisted on their being
home at 3 am. They struck for am.
"Curfew shall not ring tonight" was a
good recitation in its day, but the idea
is being overdone.
Evening star., 1937-02-11

French history provides examples of
fortitude in emergency. If Woodrow
Wilson could tolerate the unceremonious
attacks Of Clemenceau, the Supreme
Court should be able to be patient in
situation which looks little like plan
for general eviction without notice.
Evening star., 1937-02-11

One of the discordant discoveries in a
nearby State is marahuana patch near
an airfeld. Narcotic Officer Auslinger
may yet feel called upon to interpose a
word on safety first for aviation.
Evening star., 1937-02-11

Maine is not following the administra-
ton in its policies toward the Nations
judiciary. Other States show signs of
reviving the aphorism. as Maine goes, so
goes the Union.
Evening star., 1937-02-11

1t might be easy to teach communism"
if person could be found to define it
with explicit intelligence. At present it
is word implying a strange variance
between announced purposes and social
results.
Evening star., 1937-02-11
Thirty to One.

From the Asheville Times.
The reported average American ex-
penditure of $50 on chewing gum to 81
for books shows that the people still
believe in exercising the jawbone more
than the brain cells.
Evening star., 1937-02-11
Metropolitan Peril Escaped.

MtCrUpOIItdH ftTH CSCdpeus
Josh has been in town for six months, !"
said Mrs. Corntossel, "and he's as fiat
broke as when he left home"
I'm proud of the lad" declared her
husband. His record shows at least
that he's no racketeer."
Evening star., 1937-02-11

AS veteran jurist, Justice Brandeis
claims no special courtesy beyond the
privilege of attending to his appointed
task and staying away from midnight
parties.
Evening star., 1937-02-11
Businesses.

Businesses.
do you think we need more busi-
ness men in politics."
YES" answered Senator Sorghum.
But we ought to discriminate. Before
getting 'em into politics it would be well
to ascertain what kind of business they
have been customarily engaged in"
Evening star., 1937-02-11
A Champion.

From the worcester Gazette.
The champion diehard of all die
hards has been located. He's the fellow
who is planning to exhibit sunflowers In
Q coming garden show.
Evening star., 1937-02-11
Shooting Stars.
BY PHILANDER JOHNSON.
The Eternal Conflict.

The parting brings mankind regret.
And yet they may make way, we know,
For men who will prove greater yet.
The wicked go. The wicked come.
Their ways with sorrow we must view.
Still they make up a useful sum
OF work that good men have to do.
Evening star., 1937-02-11
Safe Substitute.

From the San Jose tCslif) Mercury Herald
It's about time for the annual warning
are mushrooms or toadstools, onions are
q very good substitute on steak.
Evening star., 1937-02-11
First Strike Sitter.

From the Paducah (Ky) Sun-Democrat.
The original sit-down strike was staged
by the wallfower who decided to take
q personality course.
Evening star., 1937-02-11
Universal Peril.

On earth the reckless motors fly;
The airplane is rover
Who even makes the birds on high
Afraid they'll get run over.
Evening star., 1937-02-11
Rate by Mail-Payable in Advance.
All Other States ana Canada.
Member Of the Associated Press.

:. The Associated Press IS exclusively entitled to
TIE use for republication of all news dispatches
credited to it not otherwise credited in this
paper and also the local news published herein.
All rigbts of publication Of special dispatches
herein are also reserved
Evening star., 1937-02-11

In connection with personality studies
of great jurists, Albert Beveridges life
of John Marshall should still be read.
Evening star., 1937-02-11

Fifteen judges could provide an 8-to-7
decision and demand even more time
for the study of dissenting opinions.
Evening star., 1937-02-11
PerniciOus Influence.

From the Manchester IN. H.) Union.
Spinach is believed to be OF Persian
origin. There's that confounded foreign
influence aaainl
Evening star., 1937-02-11

Jud Tunkins says If you try to sell a
useful article you have to ring door bells,
but gold-brick faker has people run
MIN after him.
Evening star., 1937-02-11
Mental Consideration.

Mental Consideration.
The rural voter tells anew
The politician what to do.
The politician, with great charm,
Informs the farmer how to farm.
They speak as brother unto brother,
They've learned how much they need
each other.
Evening star., 1937-02-11

"when de preacher tells me what
ought to do," said Uncle Eben, ''he means
well, but he ain got near as much first
hand information on de subject as my
immejit family"
Evening star., 1937-02-11

at is often better to suffer in silence"
said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, than
to utter protest which cannot be pro-
ceeded with except in conflict with some
one more expert in quarrels."
Evening star., 1937-02-11
Modern Fascination.

Modern Fascination.
MY Radio! My Radio!
I feel your spell too soon.
Aside my Shakespeare I will throw
To hear somebody Groom"
Evening star., 1937-02-11
Night Final Edition.

Nisnt FINAL and Sunday star----7oc per month
Nght Final the and NJ esc per onf5 Pndn on
each week. Orders may be sent BY mail or tele-
phone National 5000
The Waterbury Democrat., 1937-10-06
STRAND

A grand festival of topnotch sing sational musical comedy, "You Can't Have Everything" began a four-day engagement at Warner Brothers Strand theater this afternoon. Fea- turing Alice Faye, Hitting to new hi- de-heights; the Ritz Brothers, triple threats to gloom; Don Ameche, heart-throb and star of radios big gest show; Charley Winniger, radios "Cap'n ' Henry; Louise Hovick, bringing new personality to the screen; Rubinoff and his violin; and Tony Martin, romantic rave of the airwaves, Daryl F. zanuck's new est hit surpasses his famous "Sing Baby, Sing" "Onea In 8 Million" "On the Avenue, ,"V"Wake Up and Live" and other musical smashes.
 Other amusement experts in the cast include Arthur Preacher, one l-o-n-g laugh; Phyllis Brooks, sweet est of tomorrow'S stars: Tip Tap and Toe, rhythmic as rain on the roof; Louis Prima and his band, the trumpet king at his hottest; and Tyler Brooke. x The companion feature is Lon don by Night" with George Murphy and Rita Johnson. Romance rubs shoulders with mystery while the Man of Thousand Faces strikes terror into the hearts of fog bound London! Try and solve the murder of "the man who never existed!" Thrill to the sensation of the screens first triple role portrayed by the greatest charac- ter 'find" since Lon Chaney.