davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Coolidge examiner., 1937-06-03

VINO, StdrtlnS WllH d
$3.50 a week job, fought his way to
the very top of the financial world,
created the vast Standard Oil trust
and built up one of the biggest pri-
vate fortunes ever recorded. At the
age of twenty-six he was beginning
to be prominent in the then young
petroleum industry, and in 1870 was
formed the Standard Oil company
which, by methods that were con-
sidered ruthless, gained control OF
three-fourths of the country's oil
output. For 40 years Rockefeller
and his associates we're bitterly at
tackled through the courts and in
every other way possible, and fl
nally, in 1902, the Standard Oil trust
was ordered by the Supreme court
dissolved into its component parts.
But its business went on and the
Rockefeller millions continued to in
crease until the family fortune was
estimated at about two and half
billions. At the height of his ca
reer John DIS income was between
so and 80 million dollars.
Disturbed by i'll health, John D.
retired from active business in 1911.
Some time before that he had
switched from accumulating wealth
to giving it away. The giving was
done Systematically, and represent
atives of the family interests esti-
mate that his own benefactions be-
tween the years 1885 and 1884, both
inclusive, totaled $3.50, ,853, ,632. At the
top of the long list of gifts are the
Rockefeller Foundation, which re-
ceived S132, ,851, ,480, and the Gen.
eral Education board, which was
given $129, 209, ,167. For years the
University of Chicago was pet OF
his, and he gave it in all $78, ,440, 4O7.
Numerous educational and religious
institutions and organizations were
given large sums, and in times Of
great disasters Mr.. Rockefeller do
mated generously to the relief funds.
Mr.. Rockefeller's body was taken
from Ormond Beach to his estate
at Pocantico Hills,- Tarrytown, N.
Y, and there the funeral rites were
conducted by DR.. Harry Emerson
Fosdick of New York city. Next
day the oil king was laid to rest in
Lake View cemetery, Cleveland, be-
side his wife who died % years ago.
Only two of Mr.. Rockefeller's chill
dren survive him. They are John
D. Rockefeller, Jr, head of the busi-
ness since the father retired, and
Alta, wife of E. Parmalee Prentice.
There are eight grandsons and five
granddaughter.
The Coolidge examiner., 1937-06-03

to carry out the proposals of the
President. The measure had been
agreed upon in conferences at the
White House and was promptly re-
ferred to committees with prospect
of quick action. It had been ap-
proved by John L. Lewis, head of
the c. l. O., but since laws setting
minimum wages for men have al
ways been opposed by leaders of
the American Federation of Labor, it
was considered probable that orga-
nization would not like the bill.
The twin bills originally had pro-
posed forty hour maximum week
and 40 cents an hour minimum
wage. But, at the last moment,
these limits were eliminated and
spaces in the measures left blank
for congress to fill.
By its main provisions the meas
ure will:
Apply to all strictly interstate in
dustries, thus excluding such enter
prlSeS as the service trades, hotel
business and aher purely intrastate
fields.
Establish a fve-man administra-
tive board.
Supplement the administrative
board by advisory boards in indus
tries where thought necessary.
Provide that the work week can
not be reduced below 35 hours in
any industry but that employers in
certain businesses affected by sea-
sonal variations may work their la
Dor more than 40 hours, paying time
and half for overtime.
Establish $1,000 a year as the
The Coolidge examiner., 1937-06-03
Russia Will Have Air Base
Close to North Pole

COVIET Russia is planning to es-
- tablish regular airplane connec-
ton with the United States by way
of the Arctic ocean, and in pur-
suance of the plan is building an air
base on the ice within a few miles
of the North pole. Four scientists
have been landed there from plane
which first flew over the pole, and
they will remain on the foe for
year, keeping in connection with
the world by a powerful radio. They
have named the floating ice field
'Comrade Stalin's Land" The con-
templated air route will be from
Moscow to San Francisco.
Though Admiral Peary presum-
ably planted the United States flag
at the North pole, neithcc this nor
any other nation has claimed SOW
ereignty over the region.
The Coolidge examiner., 1937-06-03
Paris Exposition Opened
by President Lebrun

WITH considerable ceremony
w the Paris exposition of 1887
was opened to the public, more than
three weeks late because of labor
troubles. President Albert Lebrun
led long procession of government
members, diplomats of all nations
and distinguished guests on tour
of the grounds, which lie along the
Seine.
The fair was said to be about 80
per cent complete on the opening
day, but many of the buildings were
still in process of erection. These
included the pavilions of the United
States and Great Britain. France
expects many hundreds of thou
sands of visitors during the sum-
mer, and those fortunate enough to
60 there will see a wonderful dis
play of the science, industries and
art of nearly all nations.
The Coolidge examiner., 1937-06-03


Justice Cardozo wrote the two ma
jority opinions, and, as it CHANGED,
delivered them on his sixty-seventh
birthday. Administration leaders
declared they completely justified
the Presidents broad Interpretation
of the general welfare clause of the
Constitution and his policy of ex-
tending federal power, and it would
seem that this is true. Justice Car
dozo's opinion on the unemployment
insurance said:
1T is too late today for the argu-
ment to be heard with tolerance
that in a crisis SO extreme the use
of moneys of the nation to relieve
the unemployed and their depend
ents is a use for any purpose mar
rover than the promotion of general
welfare.
''At times taxpayers have con-
tended that the congress is without
power to lay an excise on the en-
joyment of privilege created by
state law. The contention has been
put aside as baseless.
1.-THE power to tax the activities
and relations that constitute call
ing considered as a unit is the power
to tax any of them"
Concerning the old age pension
provisions he said the scheme of
benefits created by them is not in
contravention to the limitations of
the tenth amendment, and: Nor is
the concept of the general welfare
static. Needs that were narrow or
parochial a century ago may be
interviewer in our day with the we'll
being of the nation. What is critical
or urgent changes with the times. "
In another to 4 decision the
court upheld the Alabama state un-
employment insurance act, declar-
ing the relief of unemployment a
valid state function.
Yet another opinion was handed
down by five of the justices, up
holding Wisconsin's law prohibiting
injunctions against peaceful picket
ing in labor disputes.
The general view of neutrals in
Washington was that the days opin-
ions effectually put an end to the
chances of passage of the Presi-
dents bill to enlarge the Supreme
court
The Coolidge examiner., 1937-06-03

gram is SettleO.
Speculation as to Justice Van De-
vanter's successor began at once
and it was generally agreed that
Joseph Robinson, Democratic lead
er of the senate, had the best chance
for the appointment. 1t was be-
lieved he had been promised the
place at the first opportunity some
time ago. and his many friends in
both parties were quick to ex-
tend their best wishes. OF course
there was talk of his ineligibility be-
cause of the recently enacted statute
permitting Supreme court justices to
retire on full pay for life. The Con-
stitution provides that mo senator
or representative shall, during the
time for which he was elected, be
appointed to any civil office under
the authority of the United States
which shall have been created or
the emoluments whereof shall have
been increased during such time"
But several authorities declared this
would not apply in the present case.
President Roosevelt was reported
to be desirous of being relieved from
his promise to name Robinson, who
is sixty-five years old and also in
reality a conservative. But the SEN
ator's Democratic friends in con-
greSS were said to have let it be
known that if he were not given
the place they certainly would de-
feat the Presidents court enlarge.
ment bill.
The Coolidge examiner., 1937-06-03

Her first flight away from the home
studio will be at Selznick-Interna-
tional where she will play in Moth
ing Sacred opposite Fredric March.
All of us who could not get to-
London for the coronation can COM
fort ourselves by watching the long
ago coronation scenes in 1.-THE
Prince and the Pauper." This is a
most likable and refreshing picture
and very exciting too. The Mauch
twins are a grand addition to the
ranks of young players.
x
Some weeks ago, you may recall,
Gloria Swanson's return to the
screen was all set. She was going
to make "Mazie Kenyon" for
M-G-M. And then when Gloria ar
rived at the studio all ready to 60
to work, the director looked at her
horror stricken. She wouldn't do at.
all; she looked too young. Dashing
over to London to coronation festivi-
ties to forget her disappointment,
Gloria had about decided that her
future lay in radio work, when Co
lumbia pictures got her on the
transatlantic phone and told her to
hurry home, they had found the per-
feet story for her. 1t sounds like a
wonderful break for Gloria.
In spite of her outstanding sue
cess in "Valiant Is the Word for
Carrie" and the forthcoming "They
Gave Him Gun" which is said
to be even better, Gladys George
looks on herself as just novice at
screen acting. So intent is she on
becoming as skilled player on the
screen as she was on the stage,
that she spends all of her spare
time studying movies. The players
she admires most are GarbO, Spen-
Ger Tracy, and Merle OberOn.
Social life and cafe-hopping were
at low ebb during the weeks when
The Coolidge examiner., 1937-06-03

bench Immediately
after the summer
adjournment Of the
court on June l. and
there were rumors
in Washington that
his example would
be followed by Chief
Justice Hughes and
associate Justices
Sutherland a n d
Brandeis when the
C o n t e S t over the
Presidents urt
enlargement pro-
The Coolidge examiner., 1937-06-03
Sumner Welles Is Made
Undersecretarv of State

ID RESIDENT ROOSEVELT sent W
the senate number of State
department appointments. Assistant
Secretary of State Sumner Welles
was nominated for the post of un-
dersecretary of state. Assistant Sec
retary R. Walton Moore. who We'd
with Welles for the post of under.
secretary. was nominated for the
newly created Office of counsellor
of the Department of State.
John Cudahy. former ambassador
to Poland. was nominated as min
lister to the Irish Free State; Alvin
Mansfield OWsley of Texas as min
lister to Norway. and Edwin l.. Ne.
vile of Ohio as minister to Siam
The Coolidge examiner., 1937-06-03

and bit players, for they were bat
ting to improve their pay and work
ing conditions, not their own. Ev-
eryone is relieved that no strike
was necessary. These leaders raj
lied the support of their fellow-play-
ers so quickly and thoroughly that
the producers gave in to their de-
mands without struggle.
ODDS AND ENDS-Holly1Uood UiH
throw a grand party soon in honor of
Weber and Fields and the fttieth an
nipersary of their stage debut as q
team. limitations of their act iUiI be
pltt on by Jack Benny and George
Burns, Eddie Cantor and George Jes-
sci, and tlUo motion picture producers
Joan Cratotord is teaching Mrs.
Gary Cooper to crochet and Gary is
threatening to buy them old-tashioned
rocking chairs Betty Dauis neuer
gets the least bit nervous in front of q
camera or a micrOphOne, but tOaiting
betUeen scenes giues her the jitters. She
Gains dozen by slipping tomato juice
bettUeen scenes .. Joe E. BrOUn, Jr.,
is the envy of all his pals because he
takes Dixie Dunbar, the cutest little
trick in goth Century-Fox pictures, to
his fraternity dances James Dunn
has bought an dirpLane so that he can
fly around the country to big sports
euentS uheneuer he has fe,0 days be-
tUeen pictures Whenever the X.
K.O studio tUantS to reach Ginger Rog-
ers on day lchen she is not toorking,
they call the hospital tOhere James
StetCart is undergoing treatment for
artf1ritis Paul NUM- has rebelled
against boards and tUeird makeup.
G Western Newspaper Union.
The Coolidge examiner., 1937-06-03
X x X X X X ~ X
(; !G4XXz&zyzt 4zzz7424yE &05NH
IN REVIEW
BIZ GdUu/1d W Pickd/1d
G Western Newspaper Union.

wage above which a board regulat-
ing wages and hours would have no
control; set 80 cents an hour-or
double time-as the largest mini
mum wage.
Provide a series of gradations
in apprenticeships.
Prohibit industrial homework, a
new feature.
Exclude employers of less than
Is workers from the bills provi-
sions.
Bar from transportation or sale in
interstate commerce goods manu-
factured in violation of these stand
ards or by workers less than sixteen
years old.
The Coolidge examiner., 1937-06-03
STAR
DUST
Movie Radio
Xxx BY VIRGINIA VALE%*k

**tBy VIRGINIA VALEt*k
THE President of the Unit
l. ed States, no less, is the
new diction coach at the
Selznick-International STU
dios in Hollywood. Whenever
President Roosevelt makes
an address over the RADIO.
David Selznick has it record
ed, and these records are
used daily in training actors
for voice tests.
Players memorize his speeches,
then play the records over and over
following his every intonation until
they have mastered the art of per-
feet phrasing. Considering the great
charm of the First Lady's recent
broadcastS, studios might do we'll to
get records of her talks.
In recent weeks Carole Lombard
has been the busiest young woman
I~11 L
The Coolidge examiner., 1937-06-03
Gotham Fair Appropriation
Vetoed by President

NEW YORK asked and obtained
from congress an appropria-
tion of SIS, 900, 600 for its worlds fair,
with the provision that the money
was to be spent by the fair COM
mission. But President Roosevelt
vetoed the measure; and in his mes
sage he rebuked congress for IAN
unconstitutional invasion of the
province of the executive" in setting
up commission to direct the ex-
penditure.
When the message was read in
the house the Republicans roared
with laughter and the Democrats,
or some of them, ragged.
The Coolidge examiner., 1937-06-03

maticaly would be called that" It
was taken for granted that Mr..
Rogers would not have said that
without the approval of the duke.
This widens the breach between
Edward on one side and the British
cabinet and Anglican churchmen on
the other. The dukes friends as.
sert that Prime Minister Baldwin
and his associates have broken a
pre-abdication promise concerning
the marriage.
The Coolidge examiner., 1937-06-03

Beach. T h e n he
went to bed, soon
fell into a coma, and
a few hours later
passed away, peace
fully and painlessly.
His wish to live to
be ne hundred
years old was not
fulfilled, b u t he
would have been
ninety-eight on July
8 next.
Thus died the man
The Coolidge examiner., 1937-06-03
Third Son Born to
the Lindberghs

COL. CHARLES A. LINDBERGH
" telephoned to the American en-
bassy that third son had been born
to Mrs. Lindbergh on May IL, coro-
nation day. The news had been kept
secret for nearly two weeks. Mrs.
Dwight Morrow wrote to relatives
in Cleveland that her daughter and
the infant were both doing nicely"
The Coolidge examiner., 1937-06-03

cause her Para
mount contract al
lows her to make
one picture for an
other company each
year, and all the
companies h a v e
been sending scripts
over to her house
for her approval.
There were su C h
grand stories in the
10 t t h a t Carole
wants to make at
xI. r. Al
The Coolidge examiner., 1937-06-03

there was LdLk Ill
the air of a strike of
the Screen Actors
guild which counts
all the great in its
r a n k S, but the
homes of Robert
Montgomery, Jim
c a G n e y, Fredric
March and a few
other leaders were
cont i n u al mob
scenes. These men
won the undying
gratitude Of pytrac
The Coolidge examiner., 1937-06-03

de Cande, near
Monts, France. But
whether she will be
her royal high
ness" is at this writ
ing still a disputed
question. Edward,
through his Ameri-
can friend Herman
L. Rogers, has vir-
tually told the world
that she will, the
New Yorker saying
to correspondents:
The Coolidge examiner., 1937-06-03

ulating the hours of
work, the wages and
the employment of
children. Immedi-
ately after it was
read. Chairman HUI
60 L. Black of the
senate labor COM
mittee and Chair.
man William r.
G o nm cry of the
house labor commit.
tee introduced iden.
tical bills designed
The Coolidge examiner., 1937-06-03

1ty Oh Lne Suprellle
court. The unem-
ployment insurance
provisions of the law
were upheld by five
of the justices, Van
Devanter, Butler,
McReynolds a n d
Sutherland dissent
ing. The old age
pension provisions
were declared con-
stitutional by all the
justices except Suth-
erland and Van De-
The Coolidge examiner., 1937-06-03
Windsor-Warheld Wedding
Takes Place Tune 3

XXIALLIS WAKEFIELD will be-
w come the duchess of Windsor
when she is married to Edward,
the duke, on June 3 at the Chateau
The Coolidge examiner., 1937-06-03
Social Security Act
Is Declared Valid

THE social security act, which
l. President Roosevelt considers
the soul OF the New Deal, is consti-
tutional, in the opinion of major
The Coolidge examiner., 1937-06-03
Wage and Hour Measure
Offered in Congress

DRESIDENT ROOSEVELT in a
special message asked congress
to enact a new law for the benefit of
workers in interstate industries, reg
The Coolidge examiner., 1937-06-03
John D. Rockefeller, Sr., Dies
in His Florida Home

I" AM very tired" said John D.
Rockefeller, Sr., to his secre-
tary as he sat in the garden of his
Florida winter home at Ormond
The Coolidge examiner., 1937-06-03
Justice Van Devanter Quita
the Supreme Court

tIIc 0UPI cIIIt OOuIC
a SSOCIATE JUSTICE WILLIS
"A VAN DEVANTER notified
President Roosevelt that he would
retire from the Supreme court
The Coolidge examiner., 1937-06-03

Social life and cafe-hopping were
at low ebb during the weeks when
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1937-06-22
BACK
SALES TAX

Selective sales tax for the Dis
trict, instead Of income, business
license or increased real estate
taxes, Is by far the most equitable
plan for raising local revenues, it
was decided yesterday by 5000
women through their representa-
tives in the District of Columbia
Federation Of Women's, Clubs.
Pointing out that other revenue
raising measures, which exempt
certain ''sojourners" here, have
been the object Of court attack in
the past because of favoritism,
Mrs. Harvey w. Wiley, past presi-
dent and District director of the
federation, said:
1--WE think q sales tax would
hit the Congressman, their Sec
retarieS, convention visitors,
tourists and everyone else who
derives benefits from the city,"
The federation adopted a reso-
luton urging Congress to pass q
sales tax, pointing out that sim.
liar laws were effective in %
States. The measure already has
been endorsed by the Federation
Of Citizens Associations, the Board
Of Trade and the District Com
naisSionerS.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1937-06-22
END
ON WAGE BILL

Hearings on President RooSe-
velt's wage and hour bill will be
closed today by the joint Senate
and House Labor committees in
an effort to speed passage.
A main prop Of the revamped
New Deal program, the bill has
been subject to a fire Of antago-
nism but its Senate and House
sponsors expect to report it favor
ably, with a few minor changes,
next Monday.
In present form the bill would
set minimum pay and maximum
hours of interstate industries and
outlaw strike breaking, use Of labor
spies and ban child labor.
It would create a labor stand
ards board with power to raise
and lower standards set by Con-
greSS.
The foundation stone Of the
measure is expected to be q 40
hour week and 40 cents an hour
wage.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1937-06-22

NEW YORK, June % G.N.S).
DeSpairing william H. Parsons
waited in vain today for an an
swer to his 48-hour uItimatum to
kidnapers who have demanded
$25, 900 ransom for his missing
wife, Alice Parsons.
When the time limit expires
Thursday noon. Inspector Earl
J. Connolly, in charge Of Omen
on the case, indicated he would
spare no efforts to capture those
responsible for the disappearance
Of the 3S-year-old society heiress.
He would not comment on the
receipt of a mysterious package
at his headquarters near the
Stony Brook estate Of the Parsons
family. Nor would ne shed any
light on the case other than to in
innate the public did not know all
the details Of the first ransom
note.
The mysterious package was de.
Nvered by a postman. Immedi-
ately thereafter, several cars
loaded with Omen dashed from
the scene. Each took a different
direction.
To discourage "chiselers" posing
as the person who demanded the
ransom, District Attorney Hill dis
closed the original note had a def.
mite identifying symbol.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1937-06-22
MANY IN HOUSE
BACKAIR BILL .

Stressing the necessity Of a
strengthened air defense for the
United States, members of the
House Military Affairs Committee
today Endorsed the Mccormack
bill for increasing the Air Reserve
and adding to the number Of SerV-
ice airplaneS.
Representative Andrew EdmiS-
ton Cd, of West Virginia, de-
claring himself heartily in favor"
of the measure, stated that an ade-
quate' air service is the cheapest
national defense and the best"
He pointed to the revolution in
Spain as an example Of the in
creasing Importance Of airplaneS
in war time declaring:
'HThe air is being used more
and more for both attack and
defense. In every future war,
all countries will be more de.
pendent on their air CORPS"
Representative Edmiston also
pointed out that the flight Of the
three Russian filters from Moscow
to the United States is q demon
stration of what can be done IN
long distance nonstop flights,
adding:
eff the Russians can do 1t, the
japanese can"
The Mccormack measure also
was Endorsed by Representative
Maury Maverick CD, Of Texas,
who declared that he prefers
strengthening Of the air force
rather than an increase in battle
ships. He stated:
81 want the United States to
have the best air service In the
world for defense purposes.
am not interested in the attack
phases Of STRENGTHENING the serv.
ice, but I do want this country
to have an adequate defense"
The bill, introduced by Repre-
sentative John w. Mccormack
CD, Of Massachusetts,, provides
for an increase Of 100, 900 in the
air reserve Of the Army, Navy, Ma
rine Corps, Coast and National
Guard.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1937-06-22
CALLS
FARLEY IN
MAIL PROBE
International News Service

lnteFmat1OnaA NeWB SeEVlco
Claiming the Administration has
shown favoritism in the steel
strike, Senator Bridges (R.) OF
New Hampshire today summoned
Postmaster General Farley before
the Senate Post office Committee
to explain nondelivery OF certain
mails to the picketed plants OF the
Republic Steel Corporation in Ohio
cities.
Bridges, outlining legislation
which would force the delivery
of mails in any industrial contro-
versy, questioned the authority OF
postmaSters at Niles, youngstown
and Warren to suspend delivery
of packages containing food, cloth
ing and medicine to workers In
side the strike-bound plants. He
said:
'The Post Office officials ap-
pearing before the committee
have testified that the reason
they allowed the mails to be
suspended Is because they did
not wish to take sides in the
controversy, but it looks to me
like instead Of not taking sides
in the controversy they have
definitely aligne d themselves
with the strikers cause.
"The job Of the postal Off
cials Is to see that the mails
60 through regardless Of the
issue involved, and 1t Is o dis
grace to the country that in
this instance the Administration
has allowed the mails to be held
up in the strike localities. It
very definitely shows that the
steel strikers have thrown down
a challenge to the Government
that it cannot afford to over
look"
Bridges said he was particularly
anxious to question Farley regard
ing the department regulation
which permits postmasters to stop
delivery of all UNUSUAL" mail in
emergencies. =