davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1937-04-26

vorable attention than would those
who are presumed TO be better
equipped to deal with monetary ques-
tionS.
The Senator's bill proposes to con-
vert the Board of Governors of the
Federal Reserve System into a None
tary Authority charged with the re-
sponsibility of controlling the price
level. Then he proposes that the
Board shall raise the price level
without delay" to that of 1926. Next.
he says that pending" the raising of
the price level, which he previously
said was 10 be done without delay"
the Board is to investigate what The
price level should be. Then he says
that the price level shall not be low
err than that of 1926. Finally. be says
that tie plice level shall be an equi-
librium price level Although no one
can possibly know where an equilib-
rum price level is until it is reached.
Senator Thomas presumes to know
that it is above the 1926 average.
Prices in 1926 have peculiar sa-
credness to the Senator. In his speech
he said 1T is because of the regula-
ton and Sterilization of the value OF
the dollar at 100 cents in 1926 that
that year has been designated as the
most satisfactory to consider as the
norm or standard" That statement is
quite inaccurate. In 1926, when the
year 1918 was used as 100 per cent.
the price level was approximately
$50 per cent. The chief reasons for
adopting a new base and index num-
Der Tin October. 1920 were to pro-
vide a postwar rather than prewar
base. to increase the number of COM
modities from 404 to $50. and to in
troduce new and important ones. Nor
was the value of the dollar stabilized
at 100 in 1926 as the Senator assert
ed. The Federal Reserve Bulletin for
October, 1927, said: by the spring OF
1926 the downward movement
of prices, which in some groups, no
tably farm products. had begun about
the. middle of 1925. had become gen.
eral. and indexes for all groups, ex-
cept fuels, were lower at the end OF
1926 than a year earlier" -
address questions to the al
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1937-04-26
You and Your
Nations Affairs
The New Thomas Bill
By WALTER E. SPAHR
Professor of Economics, Ne,U York University

The Senator does not specify in his
bill the means by which the price
level can be stabilized He merely as
sumes that it can be done. Nor does
he indicate whether or not the weight
of the dollar is to be juggled: he mere
ly SAYS there shall be an adequate
supply of sound" money. and that
sufficient supply of properly val
ued" money shall be put into circula-
ton. One may well be suspicious Of
the Senator's conception of what is a
sound" or properly valued" money.
The Senator continued to insist. in
correctly. that the provision in the
Constitution giving Congress the pow
er ito coin money. regulate the value
thereof. and of foreign coin" means
that Congress is charged with the
power to regulate the price level That
sentence had no such meaning to the
trainers of the Constitution. 1t re-
| ferred to the fixing Of the weight.
fineneSs, and denominations of the
currency. If the Senator would study
the Federalist Papers and other perth
nent literature of that period. he
would discover his error. If value Of
money" meant then what the Sena-
tor says il does. how could Congress
regulate the value of foreign coli"
That would involve regulating for
eign price levelsi
Although the expression value of
money" refers to ratio between
money and credit spent and goods
and services sold. the Senator per-
sists in insisting that it is the value
of money that changes. One may say
with equal truth that it is the value
of goods that changes. Both state
mentS mean precisely the same thing.
BY unjustifiably concentrating his at
tention on the money side of the
equation, the Senator also incorrectly
makes money the sole causal factor
| in a changing price level The causal
| factor can be either goods, money.
or a combination of both. Money can
be the chief causal factor when 1t IS
inflated or otherwise made unsound.
In his speech the Senator blamed
President Harding for the crisis OF
1920-192l. The recession in prices be-
gan in June, 1920; Mr.. Harding was
| inaugurated on March 4. 1921. The
Senator apparently does not know
| that in 1920 the reserves of the Fed
eral Reserve banks were down near
| the legal limit: that in fact eight OF
! them paid tax penalties for deficient
reserves in 1920; and that rediscount
rates had to be raised and credit
curbed or the country would exhaust
it's reserves and the banking structure
would collapse: that people were COM
planning of and conducting drives
aaginst high prices; and that Presi-
dent Harding. in October. 1922. spoke
of "the mistaken program of drastic
defiation adopted by those who were
then in control of government pol
| icies." There is no iustifable basis for
attempting to lay the recession of 1920
at the door of either political party.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1937-04-26
Who KNOWS?

/. Will the Social Security
Board pay old age benefits thi.
year.
2. How fast can fox run?
3. What was the wage loss
during the recent strikes in the
automotive industry?
A. How much does the Navy
cost each year?
5. How does the American
Bar Association stand on the Pres
ident's Court reform proposals?
6. How much will the propos-
ed Thomas Jefferson Memorial in
Washington cost?
7. How much does it cost to
build a modern battleship?
8. Where was Senator Rob
ert f. Wecner of New York
born?
8. Who owns the Associated
Press?
10. How much does our an
nual trade with the Philippines
amount to?
ANSWERS on Page FOur)
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1937-04-26

Scolding Key West and Monroe coun-
ties for their failure TO merge city and
county governments i'm accordance with
The enabling referendum of last fall, The
key West Citizen declares: 1.-The Citizen
learns that city government in Florida is
the most efficient, the state comes next and
the counties last There are exceptions to
this rule, and Key " est is one of them.
Here the county commission is the most eff
fieient body. while the city administration
is not highly thought Of In fact, the city
and county govern .ents should be merged
al a considerable saving to the taxpayers.
but our local politicians are shying from
the proposition as if it were a contagious
disease" 1t is noteworthy that the Mon
roe county exception to The Citizens rule
on relative efficiency of city and county
governments also applies to Dade. The
main point. however, econol and eff
cheney by mergers of local governments,
remains goal that Florida will be driven
Ia seek more and more IS time progresses
Miami Daily News.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1937-04-26

(Till 7:30 p. M, Tuesday,
Key West and Vicinity: Cen
orally fair tonight and Tuesday
lite change in temperature; mod
crate northerly winds.
Florida: Fair and continued
COO tonight and Tuesday.
Jacksonville to Florida Straits:
Moderate west and northwest
winds, and partly overcast wealth
er tonight and Tuesday.
East Gulf: Moderate west and
northwest winds, and generally
fair weather tonight and Tues
day.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1937-04-26

q III q q Z ~ =
S p eech. T h e
Senator asked
that his bill be
referred 20 the
mmittee on
Agric ulture
and Fore try
rather than TO
the Committee
on Banking and
Currency. One
may suppose
tn at since the
bill Is imitation
airy, the Senator
thinks the Agri-
culturalists will
rive II more "a
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1937-04-26

Plans are being made in Ho.
pei, North China, to build net
work of canals linking all the riv-
ers of the province with the Grand
Canal to expand cheap transpor'
tation facilities.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1937-04-26
SAVE THIS COUPON

and two others appearing in
Tuesdays and Wednesdays
CITIZEN of this week and
bring them to ''
South Florida Contracting
& Engineering Company
on THURSDAY with S9c and
receive one 16-piece set
Mount Vernon Dinnerware
Set consists of four plates;
four cups and saucers and four
cereal dE.hes. Or bring $1.19
and receive oversize Dinner
Plates instead of standard
size.
This offer is good only until
present stock is gone. The first
to be on hand Thursday will be
sure Of getting their set.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1937-04-26

An educational movement to
Undue and familiarize Italian
youth with the elemental phases
of aeronautics is being carried on
throughout Italy.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1937-04-26

The Florida Racing Commission found
not guilty a trainer accused of doping race
horses. and then suspended him for go
days, probably for being foolish enough to
be caught in the act.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1937-04-26
IMPROVEMENTS FOR KEY WEST
ADVOCATED BY THE CITIZEN

!. Water aud Sewerage.
Bridgea 10 eonplete Road TO Main
lard
free Port
e. hoiels and Apartments.
8 Rathina Pavilion.
8. A pvfrs Land and Sea.
:. Consolation Of County and City
Governments.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1937-04-26

Thomas Paine, the Anglo
American philosopher and author,
died in 1909. He was born i'm 1877
at Theatford in Norfolk, Eng.
land.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1937-04-26

The Citizen is at all times DESTROYS to
contribute 10 the success of all worthwhile
undertakings but those conducted for pro-
III are expected 10 pay for the contribu-
lion.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1937-04-26

The village whistle sounds 8
p. m. curfew at Plain City, Ohio,
for ali youths under Is. Mayor c.
ID. Perkins said the curfew would
be enforced r;gidly.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1937-04-26

A Congress that can regulate wages
and hours for the benefit of labor can also
regulate them for the benefit of the en-
ployer. II should be a $3.50 proposition.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1937-04-26

Advertising must be good thing !;
there are 20 many successful business
mcr who say Sc.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1937-04-26

The radiant young things that you
see nowadays will be the June brides of
1897.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1937-04-26

Senator Elmer Thomas Of Okla
homa has introduced an amazing bill
providing for a commodity dollar
scheme. and in doing so made an
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1937-04-26

Because candy makers and florists
have things TO sell, many will remember
mothers or Sunday in May.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1937-04-26

In the winter time Key West enjoy.
heaithiul summers sun.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1937-04-26

Economy at Tallahassee seems to be
gaining friends.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1937-04-26

4 newspaper may be public servant
la Il takes private funds to keep it go
lnR.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1937-04-26

IS65--John Wilkes 3ooth, LIN.
coins assassin. died by bellet-
barn in whiel he had been hiding
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1937-04-26

fs19-First Odd Fellows lodge
founded BY five men in Balti
more.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1937-04-26
ooooooeoD
Today In History


1607-Engiish colonists bound
for Virginia entered Chesapeake
Bay.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1937-04-26

address questions the author OF this nespaper)
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1937-04-26
WEATHER FORECAST

barometer 8 a. m. today:
Sea level, 1886.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1937-04-26

ANSWERS on Page Four)
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1937-09-24

The Montana Power company's dam
and power house on the Flathead river
near Poison. will be completed and in
operation 10 months from now or
sooner. The engineers estimate that
the work is already IS percent COM
pleted.
Under the discerning eye of Supt.
G. H. TornquiSt of Phoenix Engineering
corporation, nearly thousand workers,
diligently. No less than 40 kinds of
employment appear on the payroll.
Almost as many different racial eX-
fractions are represented.
Most picturesque are the Indians.
In the terms of the license issued
words: In hiring laborerS watchmen,
mechanics, truck drivers, clerks and
other employees. preference shall be
given to the members of the Confed-
Grated SaliSh and KoOtenai tribes of
the Flathead reservation who are prop
erly qualified for the work." That's
why some 200 redmen cash pay checks
The Poison project is located within
the Flathead Indian reservation. For
this reason, the United States govern
ment has recognized the proprietary
interest of the Indians in the power
site The license issued to the power
COLupdlly COuIduiS IeI LIS anu CoaiolCloAIo
which mean substantial benefits, not
only to the Indians but to all other
settlers in the Flathead irrigation area.
For example, in addition to putting
Indians on the payroll, the company
is obligated to pay into the Confeder-
ated tribal funds approximately 3d.
100000 within the next II years as
has already been paid, some OF it as
far back as 1880. After 1854, the agree.
ment is to pay an annua! rental OF
S175,O00. with an opportunity Tor re-
adjustment of the terms If the occasion
demands.
AS additional rental, the company
must deliver 5000 horsepower OF cleo
rate of one mill per kilowatt hour. The
delivery at a % mill rate of an adj
ditional 5000 horsepower, to be ap-
piled to all project and farm uses and
for resale is also stipulated in the
contract.
When it came to his attention, Sen;
ator Norris Of Nebraska pronounced
this "the best contract we have ever
made with power company.
Under these terms 1t is obvious that
the Indian wards of Uncle Sam will
fare very well. In addition, the. in
crease in irrigation and other farm
and home activities over a wide area,
power, is being hailed as a veritable
icon to all the jewellers in the dis
trict both white and red.
Increase Power and Storage Capacities
The tying-in within year of the
F1athead development with the inter-
connected system of the Montana
Power company will add $1,000 to the
present $4,000 kilowatts of installed
capacity. bringing the total to $4,000
kilowattS
Also, by danlming the river, and
of F'lathead lake, with its $50 miles
of shore line, into vast reservoir the
companys Poison plant will be backed
up by 100000 acre feet of stored
water-one of the largest reservoirs
for hydroelectric use in the world.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1937-09-24
North Montana Fair Praised
by Show World Publication

and rides during the six days than did
the United Shows of America which
played the lot last year :. Appearance
of the Goodman Wonder Show was
notable in that not one complaint con-
corning its operation was received
either by the fair management or peace
officers, in sharp contrast to the ex-
perience of many fairs this year . :.
The $4,000 in premiums offered in
the Hereford department and the
$4,000 in other departments proved
magnet that drew exhibitors from
throughout the nation and in many
instances necessitated the construction
of emergency pens or structures to
house the overflow.
More than 400 horses from all parts
of the nation were entered for the "A
races which were major feature of
the program each afternoon. All Of the
3O4 stalls on the grounds were filled,
necessitating the hiring of additional
space in nearby livestock yards AS
high as three dozen horses were en-
tered in some of the claiming races,
a factor which led the fair manage
ment to run extra races to accommo-
date horsemen whose mounts would
otherwise have been denied partici-
patton in the meet. Mutuel play was
nearly double that of any previous
year."
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1937-09-24

The North Montana State fair
rated" one of the seven banner lines
accorded stories in recent issue of
Billboard, showman's magazine, to re-
cord the triumph of the 1887 exposi-
ton at Great Falls that set attendance
and cash receipts records.
The banner line read Great Falls
Great Draw expressing in the show
industrys own language the fact a
city with population Of only 10000
and a county with population Of
$4,000 can produce a show that will
draw more than 215,000 admissions to
a fair.
Growing this years success" the
article continues, directors Of the
American Hereford association, headed
by R. J. Kinzer of Kansas City, asso-
citation secretary, met in executive
session and unanimously awarded the
fair the national Hereford show for
1885, which will bring the show to
Great Falls for the fourth successive
year
believed to be unique record in
American carnival annals, the Good
man show, born only six months ago,
crossed 81 percent greater on shows
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1937-09-24
MONTANA'S CROPS.
WELL ABOVE 1886.
TREASURE STATE FARMERS WILL
HARVEST BIGGER CROPS
THIS YEAR
Most Crops Slightly Under Five-Year
Average of 1928-32; Sugar Beets and
Seed Peas Over Average; Apple
Production Increased.

Montana farmers will, generally
speaking, harvest bigger crops this
year than in 1886. The federal bu-
reau of agricultural economics, in
its Sept. l crop report issued re-
Gently, said crop production in the
Treasure state would be better this
year than in the drOuth year of
1886 in almost all cases.
In only two cases, however, the re-
port pointed out, will this years har-
vest exceed the five-year Q928-3O
average. Sugar beet and seed pea pro-
duction will exceed the average.
Irrigated Crops Good
THE 1887 harvest in Montana pre-
sents picture of widely varying yields
from complete failure in the north
eastern counties to very favorable re-
turns in the south central counties.
I'm the case of irrigated crops, eX-
cept in limited areas where water sup
plies were short, yields have been prac-
tically up to average" the report added.
Hardest hit among the crops in
Montana, this year is spring wheat, the
principal crop IN the drouth areas Of
northeastern and east central Montana,
where it is almost complete failure"
Corn Production Doubles
Corn production, more than double
that of last year, will still be only 81
percent of an average crop; oats pro-
duction, likewise more than twice that
of 1886 will represent but 10 percent
of the 1886 harvest, while barley pro-
duction of more than three times the
size Of the 1896 harvest, will equal but
81 percent of the average.
Hay 26 Percent Larger
In the case of tame hay, large
part of which is irrigated alfalfa, the
1887 crop will be about 26 percent larger
than that of 1886 and SO percent of an
average crop. Sugar beet acreage, which
has been expanding during recent years,
set new high production of 5000
tons an increase of 10 percent over
the five-year average. A seed pea crop
of $4,000 bushels, well above average,
and an apple crop of 533 900 bushels,
almost equal to average, make up the
bright spots in the 1887 crop picture"
Total 24,33O,OOO Bushels
The states estimated total wheat
production Sept. was 24,330, 900
bushels, a little more than half the
f1ve-year average, but well ahead of
1886
August. normally month of low
rainfall was drier than usual this year,
with just about half of normal rainfall.
Despite this deficiency in moisture, es-
although ranges and pastures suffered,
the report said.
Lack of rain in August held back
preparations for seeding winter wheat
and rye, but good early September rains
have since relieved the dry conditions
over much of the winter grain area
and improved prospects for fall grass
in the central and northwestern Sec
tons of the state.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1937-09-24
BULLS
GRAVE IS FOUND
NEGLECTED BURIAL SPOT MAY
BE INCORPORATED IN A
NEW PARK

The neglected, unmarked grave
of Sitting Bull, famous chief of
the once mighty Uncpapa Sioux
nation, today lies hidden by rank
weed growth a stones throw from
the highway-obscured from tour
lists who visit the Standing Rock
Indian reservation.
A white concrete slab and four
wrought iron posts which once formed
part of the grill of the old army gar
riSon Jail are all that mark the last
resting place of the pagan Napoleon"
Sitting Bull.
In sharp contrast to the forgotten
grave is the monument on the hill
erected to loyalty and bravery" of five
Indian police slain that cold December
day Al years ago when Sitting Bull
fell on the Grand river reservation.
Lieutenant Bullhead, Sergeant Shave
head and Privates Warriors-Fears-
Him, Broken Arm and Hawk Man, all
former braves of Sitting Bull, who
allied with United States Indian police,
we're buried by a priest in the Little
Elk butte Catholic cemetery at Fort
Yates.
No prayer to the white mans God
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1937-09-24

Montana but the Sitting Bull grave
remained untouched, aone and for
gotten.
Efforts are being made by Russell
Reid, superintendent Of the state his
torical society and director of North
Dakota parks, to get tile to land on
which the grave is heated. Frank
Yates settler, is working with Reid
in the effort to get the lite designated
as a state park.
Sitting Bull was a patriot, a shrewd
military general and respected by most
of his people," Reid asserted.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1937-09-24
OLD AGE PENSIONERS

Montana's list Of old age pension eligibles
is growing steadily and the state welfare
department is faced with a serious problem
in providing sufficient funds. members OF the
board have stated. The board is also invest.
eating complaints that persons with means
adequate enough to maintain themselves are
being certified to for pensions by some county
boards.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1937-09-24

and placed in pine box before it was
lowered into a grave in the far corner
Of the military burying ground.
In later years bodies of soldiers who
lay near the chief were eXhumed and
removed to the Custer Battlefield
cemetery on the Little Big Horn in
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1937-09-24
INFANTnE PARALYSIS

The state health department has issued q
warning to parents to continue to observe
the usual precautions in order to prevent the
spread of infantile paralysis in Montana.
There were three new cases reported last
DR.. B. K. Kilbourne, state epidemiologist says
Is about normal
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1937-09-24
SCHOOL CHARACTERIZATION

For the first semester Of last year the
state has paid to IS counties total Of
s36.s6s as its share Of the cost Of transport
ing rural pupils to schools. according to State
Auditor John J. Holmes Under board Of ed
ucation regulations the state may reimburse
counties for so percent Of the cost of trans
porting pupils between their homes and
schools.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1937-09-24
REFERENDUM ATTEMPTS FAIL

Efforts to obtain referendum votes on the
law creating an appointive state liquor board
and that giving the governor the power to re-
move appointive state officers, have failed.
The petitions filed asking for the referen-
dums lacked sufficient signatures when the
time limit for filing expired.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1937-09-24

Organized group excursions are q new
feature for foreign tourists in the Soviet