davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1937-09-18
DRUG CAUSED DEATH
Of MISS WARBURTON
Narcotic Derivative Responsible.
Analysis Shows-Reducing
Tablets Not to Blame.

b. the Associated Press.
NEW YORK. September ia.-Dr.
Thomas A. Gonzales, chief medical
examiner. announced Yesterday an
overdose of narcotic dervative
caused the death Of Mary Brown
Wsrburton, az. granddaughter Of John
Wanamaker. pioneer merchant prince.
and daughter Of Bradley Harding
Wsrburton.
Miss Warburton died soon after she
was found unconscious on the bath
room floor Of her Park avenue apart
ment last Tuesday
A box of reducing tablets Law near
the body of the lo0-pound socially
prominent woman. who worried about
her weight. but DR. Gonzales dis
counted the theory that reducing
treatments might have fatally af-
fected her heart
DR. Gonzales said the report of
Chief Toxicologist Alexander o. Get
tier showed heavy concentration in
the stomach and other organs.
This discovery, Dr. Gonzales said,
eliminated the possibility that the
narcotic was part of the reducing
tablets Miss Wsrburton had been
taking
Additional chemical tests will be
made to determine its exact nature
Evening star., 1937-09-18
Bitterness and Black
Roosevelt Declared to Have Chosen New Justice
Dominated BY Anger at Court and Senate

| Mr.. Roosevelt set about filing the
vacancy on the Supreme Court In
the state of emotion that dominated
him his wish was to name an ap-
pointee who would be irritating both
to the court and to the Senate
Mr.. Roosevelt had good reason to feel
that the Senate would scrutinize very
carefully whomever he should name
to the court vacancy.
In his apprehension about Senate
scrutiny of his appointment, Mr.
Roosevelt had a happy thought. He
would escape Senate scrutiny by the
device of appointing some one from
the Senate-for it was well known
that the Senate is disposed to confirm
promptly any one chosen from its
own body. Mr.. Roosevelt's task then
became to choose that member of the
Senate whose appointment to the
court would be most irritating and
dismayine at once to the Senate it.
self and to the Supreme Court.
Held "Vengeful Impulse"
That this was the spirit in which
Mr.. Roosevelt chose Mr. Black is gen.
orally understood. Mr.. Arthur Krock
OF the New York Times. who is very
fair to the President, and who prop
erly defends Mr.. Roosevelt against
having himself any religious or racial
lntolerance-Mr. Krock says the ap-
pointment of Mr.. Black was the result
OF "vengeful impulse" And Gen.
Hugh Johnson. who knows the Presi-
dent well. says the President was
"smarting with resentment" Gen
johnson says, The appointment of
Mr.. Black was gesture Of derision
toward the pretensions of the Supreme
Court to the highest dignity and re-
spect 1t argued contempt for
their pretentions to high impartialitv
because the appointee was a dopmatic
partisan. 1t WAS contempt for the
courts supposed judicial restraint be-
cause the appointee was q notorious
heckler and proud Of it,"
That Mr.. Black would be offensive
TO the court, not only inherently Of
fensive but actively and deliberately
offensive, was surmised by Mr.. Will
liam Allen White who, on August ID.
wrote:
Potentially Mr.. Blacks appoint-
ment will do lot toward forcing
Justices Sutherland and Butler to get
of the bench. For Mr.. Black, who
Is the criminal-lawver type. can. if he
chooses, snarl and snap and show his
teeth at the Supreme Court reaction
aries and make life a burden for
them"
So what does Mr.. Roosevelt find
now? In his bitterness he appointed
TO the court man whose own traits
include bitterness, one who. in Gen.
Johnson's words, "is born witch
burner narrow, prejudiced and class
conscious bigot" Seeking an
appointee who had intolerance for one
purpose. Mr.. Roosevelt now discovers
that intolerance in any individual is
likely to be universal. He finds THAI
Mr.. Black is not only intolerant in
the way Mr.. Roosevelt wants him to
be intolerant, but also apparently was
intolerant about religion and race.
(Copyright 1872
Evening star., 1937-09-18

Second the profit" the
devalaton of
cent yone the
the reason for this that
advances made the
10 De used to suchn
France peH the United regulate exchange
But government officials closely
wondering whether not if the military
japanese
'" "h u no longer
"h oe necessary to stop efforts stabilize
men h suggested If the
from the faozation fund the floating
yer" tconyisht
Evening star., 1937-09-18

The history of the Black matter
may we'll begin with a passage from
an article in the current Saturday
Evening Post by Messrs. Joseph Alsop
and Turner Catledge. They are speak
ing Of the state of mind Of President
Roosevelt his state of mind about the
court fight as whole:
ITO understand the Presidents
dealings with the court you must
understand the President himself
=. He is insistent on having his
own way without interference. and
after so much success, interference
in.uriates him"
That trait Of Mr. Roosevelt is at the
bottom of the Black matter. 1t Is at
the bottom of much besides and it is
condition which, to persons who
understand 1t, causes the gravest pos
sible concern for the country.
Mr.. Roosevelt, about the first of
July last, had two major infuriations.
He was furious at the Supreme Court.
and had been for some time. To his
infuriation against the court was now
added infuriation against the Senate.
Increase Was Manifold.
The history Of Mr.. Roosevelt's
double fury began some time ago.
He began his infuriation against the
court when they declared some of his
measures unconstitutional. To give
vent to his anger against the court
he proposed to change it by adding
six members. Had Mr. Roosevelt been
enabled to do this his anger against
the court might have been satisfied.
But the Senate refused TO give him
the power to change the court. There
upon Mr.. Roosevelt had second cause
for anger. He was angry at both the
court and the Senate. And when
anger is directed at two objects. it is
not divided. On the contrary each
anger reinforces the other and the
sum Of infuriation is increased mani
fold.
1t was in this state Of mind that
Evening star., 1937-09-18

raw material for herman sculptor.
He is a renaissance man. who likes 4
bold, cosmic sweep in politics. govern
ment. art or whatever interests him.
His Presidents, standing up. would be
465 feet tall. He's happy and tri-
umphant with steam shovel for a
chisel and truckload of dynamite
for a mallet.
He Tricked RUBY Bob"
He has been and mostly still II an
amateur pugilist. a politician, an en-
sineer, an orator, writer a painter
and sculptor. He and Ruby Bob"
Fitzsimmons once started a friendly
clouting match in his studio with the
gloves on. 1t was all in fun at first.
but became serious as they warmed no.
and Mr.. Borglum. by accident or de-
sign, landed = Furnishing blow. ritz
was coming IN like q Bengal tiger
when the thumb of Mr.. Borglum's
glove punched a wall button. A trick
door swung open for second. Borslum
jumped through and the bewildered
Fltz found that his opponent had van
ished. Borglum later said installing
that sliding door was one Of the hap
-piest thoughts he ever had.
In his early years he rode the eide
tracked cyclone of agrarjan revolt on
the plains. When Theodore Roose-
velt and Charles Evans Hughes were
lockeying for the pole in 1915. he
was with Roosevelt, liaison between
the Bull Moose remnants and the
stand-pat Republicans. His parsici-
patton in that episode Of American
political history would make an epic.
If one had Black Hills mountainside
to write 1t on. Although he had at
tackled Woodrow Wilson, the wartime
President set him 10 Investigating
aircraft muddling, which he did with
Characteristic energy and boldness.
Educated In Nebraska.
This is not his nrst attempt At
Qragantuan mountain carving. His
work on the Confederate Memorial at
Stone Mountain. Georgia. ended In =
row. in which models and plans were
destroyed.
TIE Was Dorm In IdanO, educated IN
Fremont and Omaha. Nebr., and
studied art in San Francisco and
Paris, painter in his early career
He strews imposing monumental
sculpture around the country. . mas
terful and distinguished artist, still
going strong. Years ago, 1 mushed
through the Nevada chsparral with
his brother. He said Gutson prob
ably would do we'll If he learned To
control his temper. He said he was
going to write him about 1t. His
temper seems to be sll right now II
politicians don't bother him. Just
the mention of politician h apt to
make him swear.
tCcpyrisht. 1877
Evening star., 1937-09-18


Oh dollars the United States Treasury
us borrowings And the bright
oeot more than family discernibe the horizon
me oher shodou the high
aV dapofed for tDo First
etopeo had
70 heip the consumer Bumper cotton vegetables
turned the donnm
lhey say the japanese
ed the
some lou per cent thereby
s25oO00OOo - ~ w e''""'' u
apparently this
the TACT
10 Che united States of
received $3.50 100000 from Japan
shortly wa '' ""1
Inc dollar
Oh materials other
are being sold to England for purpose
Back of the
the ~ i' "a
Japan went of the in
Inc assumed purpose of gathering
the which
about 20 cents During accumulation no we'll
DEFINED financial policy
In April 1884 Japan attempted a
After holding its gold
nent suddenly reversed its policy
abroad - . 49," 'N
rms step American Officials beheDe xast the of
Hdr-chea policy indicating that the financial
uath me mtfdrt their
'nud shipments necessary order finance from
Evening star., 1937-09-18
Wagner Labor Rels tiore Act
Overruled ObjectorS.

That great senatorial constitutional
authority of his day. Senator Evarts.
issued solemn warning that the pro-
posed interstate commerce act and
the Federal regulation of railway
rates which the farmers demanded
would be unconstitutional But both
the Senate and the Supreme Court
overruled him
Less than two years ago So of the
highest-priced lawyers in the land
gave the Nation (witholIt cost to the
Nation) solemn and formal opinion
that the Wagner labor relations act
was unconstitutional And in a few
months, first a national election and
later the Supreme Court, overruled
them.
For 90 years the odd man on the
Supreme Court refused to admit that
State minimum wage laws for women
were constitutional. A few months
ago, after my message to the Con-
gress on the reiuvenation of the iu-
dietary, the odd man admitted that
the court had been wrong-for all
those 20 years-and overruled him.
self.
In this constant struggle the law
yers Of no political perty-mine or
any other-have had consistent or
unblemished record. But the Law rank
and file of political parties has had
consistent record.
Laymen Have Demanded Only
Unlike some lawyers. they have re-
spected as sacred all branches of their
Government They have seen MOTH
ing more sacred about one branch
than about either of the others. They
have considered as most sacred the
concrete welfare of the generation of
the day. And with laymen's common
sense Of what government is for. thev
nave demanded that all three branches
be efficient-that all three be inter-
dependent as we'll AS independent
and that all three work together to
meet the living generations expecta-
tion Of government.
That lay rank and file can take
cheer from the historic fact that
every effort to construe the Consti-
tuition AS lawyers contract rather
than layman's charter has uti-
mately failed. Whenever legalistic in
depreciation has clashed with con-
temporary sense on great questions of
broad national policy. ultimately the
people and the Congress have fhad
their way.
But that word ultimately" covers
a terrible cost.
1t cost a Civil War to gain recogni-
ton of the constitutional power of
the Congress to legislate for the
Territories.
1t cost 20 years of taxation on those
least able to pay to recognize the
constitutional power Of the Congress
to levy taxes on those most able to
pay.
1t cost 20 years of exploitation of
"omens labor to recognize the con-
stitutional power Of the States to
pass minimum wage laws for their
protection.
IL has cost 40 years already-and
no one knows how many more are
10 come-to obtain a constitutional
Interpretation that will let the Ma
ton regulate the shipment in national
commerce OF goods sweeted from the
labor of little children.
Evening star., 1937-09-18

down strike last Winter. General Mo-
tors contended that no less than 200
sit-down strikes or walkouts of va
rious kinds had occurred, notwith-
standing the pledge of the union that
there would be no interruption of
work pending a settlement of griev
ances through tribunals especially set
up for that purpose.
When 1t came TO revising the contract.
the General Motors officials stood pat.
President Knudsen said that the con-
tract of the United Automobile Work
ers wasn't worth revising because the
original pact had not been kept. Then
the discussion turned to the question
Of guarantees and assurances. Gen.
eral Motors stipulated that the union
should not only agree to discipline per-
sons participating in what the unions
called unauthorized" strikes, but that
the employer should not be held to
be violating the law If he dismissed
from his employ any of those persons
responsible for wildcat" strikes.
Insisted on Guarantees.
Homer Martin. president of the u.
A. w. endesvored to promise that
unauthorized strikes would not con-
tinue and an era OF relative peace
really WAS ushered in. But the Cen
eral Motors Co. was adamant and
insisted that substantial guarantees
be given. These were embodied in
proposed agreement whereby the u. A.
w. now agrees to discipline its men,
hers il they participate in "unauthor-
lied" strikes, but the employer has
the right to dismiss and TO refuse to
rehire men of that type A machinery
of an impartial character to deter
mine the guilt or innocence of persons
engaging in wildcat strikes is to be
provided.
The meeting OF minds on this diff
cult and delicate point was not arrived
at without considerable dissession be-
hind the u. A. w. lines But while 1t
was q bitter pill to swallow in some
respects. ii was the acid test Of whether
the G. I. O. union was really in earnest
In It's desire to protect the processes
of production from arbitrary inter-
ruption. something which is of large
importance in An industry where one
plant operation is so directly related
to another.
Sit-Downs Abolished.
Incidentally. this week the United
Rubber Workers-another c. !. o.
union-which was indeed the pioneer
In the sit-down strike in America,
agreed In it's convention to abolish sit
down strikes This step. of course. is
In conformity with the latest legal de-
cisions but it is significant that the
union leaders in an industry where the
sit-down has caused considerable
havoc now are formally recognizing
the unwisdom as we'll as the illegality
of the step.
The negotiations in the General
Motors situation are by no means con-
cluded. There are many important
points yet to be negotiated in the re-
vision Of the existing contract. but the
y. A. w. is endeavorina TO preserve
its position with General Motors. espe-
cislly in view of the bad record that
IT made after the original contract
was signed.
The precedent established in the
General Motors negotiation will be of
value in other situations and no doubt
the language Of the agreement will be
copied in other contracts where the
question Of Furnishing irresponsible
individuals who start strikes without
authorization has come up from time
to time.
(copyrisht 1872
Evening star., 1937-09-18
ROBERT E. NEFF HEADS
HOSPITAL ASSOCIATION
Named at Atlantic City Session.
Richmond Doctor Elected
Vice President.
3, the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
ATLANTIC CITY, N. j. Septen,b Der
1S,-The American Hospital Associ-
alton wound up its annual conven-
ton yesterday with the election of
Robert E. Neff of Iowa City. Iowa, as
president. He succeeds DR.. Claude W.
Munger of New York City.
DIR. G.. Harvey Agnew of Toronto
was tentatively chosen 10 succeed
Neff a year hence
Asa S. Bacon OF Chicago was elected
treasurer and the following were
chosen as vice presidents: Mrs. Josie
M. Roberts of Houston, Tex. Rev.
John w, Barrett of Chicago and DR..
Lewis E. Barrett of Richmond. Va.
The organization adopted a revised
constitution and set OF bylaws pro-
viding for an internal governing BODY
to be known as the House of DELE
gates-the same name borne by the
American Medical Associations roy-
erning body.
Another provision in the new bv-
laws Is for creation OF six councils To
inteQrate the work Of existing COM
munities.
Evening star., 1937-09-18

III0II tdIHP IFNHIUdIIOn III qn
effort to increase the size of the
chest.
Financial authorities direct at
tention to two things in the Jap
anse financial situation not evident
to the casual observer.
First, the rapidly weakening
financial condition, which will be
considerably increased if the pres
ent nostilities extend over longer
period than TOXIC eYpects
Evening star., 1937-09-18


Bnt the Mem Deal hos
O Of
their the
Who, then, is selling America shor
1t the
trust Wall Street
There billion
of nternaionchiehy
stock market About this
welnfomed
spectators had in their
Al the time he worried lest
Roosevelt administration the
90 not wish subscribe the theory
America This grotpFrench.
interested making
of
uprush ticker
and seasoned SPECTATORS and there
which financial
As I say here plot operations
equivalent another
Old
edSe Bay 1T Is plane NTH OF
desired the
deots At That time the
he money America in
OF the
nun know exactly what is
about It, With the indicated
" 1879 America has largely
men foreign politics basis for business
mas sno"n that
the thinking of the Old But the Old World
Evening star., 1937-09-18

from the Treasury except after ap-
preparation by law With almost
equal definiteness they detailed the
Bill Of Rights.
But when they considered the
fundamental powers Of the new ma
tional Government they used gen.
erality, implication and statement of
mere objectives, as intentional phrases
which flexible craftsmanship of the
future. within the Constitution. could
adapt to time and circumstance. For
instance, the trainers used broad and
general language capable of meeting
evolution and change when they re-
ferred to commerce between the
States, the taxing power and the
general welfare.
Even the Supreme Court was treated
with that purposeful lack of specifi
cation. Contrary to the belief of
many Americans, the Constitution
says nothing about any power of the
court to declare legislation uncon-
stitutIonal, nor does it mention the
number of judges for the court. Again
and again the convention voted down
proposals to give justices Of the court
q veto over legislation. Clearly a ma
Jority of the delegates believed that
the relation of the court to the Con-
gress and the Executive. like the
other subjects treated In general terms
would work itself out by evolution
and change over the years.
Struggle Against Broad
Constitution Has Been Unendirg.
But for $50 years we have had an
unendlng struggle between those who
would preserve this original broad
concept Of the Constitution as law
mems instrument of government and
those who would shrivel the Consti-
tuition into a lawyers contract.
Those of us who really believe in
the enduring wisdom of the Consti-
tuition hold no rancor against those
who professionally or politically talk
and think In purely legalis phrases
We cannot seriously be alarmed when
they cry "unconstitutional" at every
effort to better the condition of our
people.
Such cries have always been with
us-and ultimately they have always
been overruled
: Lawyers distinguished in 1887 in
sisted that the Constitution itself WAS
unconstitutional under the Articles of
confederation. But the ratifyine con-
ventions overruled them.
Lawyers distinguished in their day
warned Washington and Hamilton
that the protective tariff was uncon-
stitutional-warned jefferson that the
Louisiana Purchase was unconstitu-
tional-warned Monroe that to open
up roads across the Alleghenies was
unconstitutional. But the Executive
and the Congress overruled them.
Lawyers distinguished in their day
persuaded a divided Supreme Court
that the Congress had no power to
govern slavery in the territories. that.
the long-standing Missouri Compro-
mise WAS unconstitutional. But war
between the States overruled them.
Lawyers distinguished in their day
persuaded the odd man on the Su-
preme Court that the methods of
financing the Civil War were un-
constitutional But q new odd man
overruled them.
Evening star., 1937-09-18
Rat Runs Off With Trap.

SLYVANIA. Ga. September Is m.
G. l.. Mobley, sr told one today about
the rat that caught the trap.
The trap he explained. was set IN
the Mohley home to catch the rat. but
both disappeared together and for
several dys the rat and trap ,ould
oe heard bouncing around between
the walls
Mobley advertised for something 10
catch the trap and the rat. A ras
old the work. The rat Mobley sa d.
was IL inches Ions and on It's left hind
foot was the trap 1T had carried away.
Evening star., 1937-09-18
BLACKS COURT ROBES
READY MONDAY; COST $50
Justices Regalia, Made Of Pine
French Silk, Is Almost
Completed.
By the Associated Press.

Hy If'F NrEOtIstfd Pffsk.
ALBANY, N. Y, September Ia
Justice Hugo l.. Blacks Supreme
Court robes will be ready for him next
Monday.
o. James Hoppner. general mana
ger OF the company here which makes
academic costumes and judicial robes,
said yesterday MIR. Blacks fine French
silk robes will be delivered to Wash
ington on that date.
Mr.. Blacks robes will cost approxi-
mately 500" Hoppner said. I'VE re-
ceived the order late in August and
the robes will be delivered on septem.
ber 20."