davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Skyland post. [volume] (West Jefferson, N.C.) 193?-1988, 1937-02-18
Lespedeza Regarded
as Valuable Legume

Lespedeza is recognized as one of
the best crops farmer can grow to
conserve moisture, check erosion
and add nitrogen and organic mat
ter to the soil.
Lespedeza fields also may be
counted in a farmers soil-conserv-
ing acreage, and they will help him
earn soil-building payments under
the soil-conservation program.
February is the best time to sow
Common, Tennessee rs, and Koke
lespedeza seed, said E. G.. Blair, ex-
tension agronomist at State College.
The best method to SOW these va
rieties is to drill the seed in on top
of small grain, he said, with the seed
not being drilled in too deep.
Around $50 to 200 pounds of Is
per cent superphosphate to the acre
should be drilled in with the seed.
When drilling, 20 to Is pounds of
seed is adequate for an acre, but if
the seed is broadcast, 40 to so
pounds will be needed to produce a
good stand, Bair added.
When lespedeza is sown broadcast,
the ground should be narrowed
lightly either just before or just aft
er the seed is soWn.
Blair explained that when lespe-
deza is sown on land from which
soil-depleting crops such as small
The Skyland post. [volume] (West Jefferson, N.C.) 193?-1988, 1937-02-18
Says Farm Manure Is
Valuable Fertilizer

An estimated $12,000,000 worth of
plant food is contain in the 100000
tons Of farm manure produced in
North Carolina every year.
Yet much of this plant food goes
to waste because the manure is not
cared for and utilized properly, said
w. w. Woodhouse, Jr., assistant
agronomist at the N. c. Agricultural
Experiment Station.
Basing his estimate on the value of
plant food in commercial fertilizer,
Woodhouse said the manure produc-
ed annually on the average farm in
this State is worth $43.
But by valuing the manure ac-
cording to the increased crop yields
it could produce, he added, it is
worth more than three times that
amount. On this basis, the total ma
nure poduction of the State is worth
about $40,000,000.
Properly cared for and utilized,
enough manure would be available
to apply three tons on every acre Of
corn grown in the State, he said.
The experiment station has found
that in corn, wheat, and clover
crop rotation, an application of three
tons of manure every three years
produced an increased crop valua-
ton valued at $4.78 for each ton
that was applied.
A large part of the nitrogen and
potash in manure is water soluble,
Woodhouse pointed out, and it is
easily lost through teaching. When
manure is allowed to decompose in
storage, large amounts of nitrogen
are given off and lost an ammonia.
He suggested that to get the best
results, barns and lots should be
cleaned often, and the manure
should be spread on the fields as
soon as possible.
Sufficient bedding should be pro-
vided in stables to absorb all liquids,
as the liquids contain most of the
nitrogen.
Although manure is valuable,
Woodhouse added, it is not in itself
complete fertilizer, and it should
be supplemented by other fertilizing
materials.
The Skyland post. [volume] (West Jefferson, N.C.) 193?-1988, 1937-02-18
Soil Conserving Crops
Check Soil Losses

On a state experiment station
farm, soil was lost 500 times faster
from and lying fallow than from
land planted to grass or alfalfa
Every year, waite erosion alone re-
moves 5000, 100000 tons of soil,most-
ly good topsoil, from United States
lands. This year, due to the flood
on the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers,
the loss will be much greater. To
carry three billion tons of topsoil in
a freight train, enough cars would
be needed to make a train 475,00O
miles long. Such train would reach
10 times around the earth at the
equator. Most of this erosion can be
stopped by taking better care of the
land, growing more grassy of le-
guminous crops, and keeping more
and better forests growing over the
country, said Dean I. o. Schaub, of
State College.
The Skyland post. [volume] (West Jefferson, N.C.) 193?-1988, 1937-02-18
MRS. OLIVER ENTERTAINS

The w. M. U. of the West Jeffer-
son Baptist Church met Thursday
afternoon at the home of Mrs. Geo.
Oliver with Is members and three
visitors present.
The program opened with devo-
tionals by Mrs. Frank Lewis, follow
ed by an interesting discussion about
the Jewish race and customs by Mrs.
Wilmington.
During the business hour, the
buying of new piano for the
church was discussed. It was decided
that each member give some money
and use their talent to raise more
money to go toward paying for the
piano.
A committee was appointed to
sponsor a play to be given soon.
New subscriptions were taken for
the Royal Service and three new
members were added to the society.
During the social hour, Mrs. Oliver
seved delicious refreshments.
The Skyland post. [volume] (West Jefferson, N.C.) 193?-1988, 1937-02-18

depicting and as soil-conserving.
Land not used for producing eth
er depicting or conserving crops, and
devoted to the following purposes,
is classified as neutral:
Vineyards, tree fuits, small fruits,
bush fruits, nut trees, and nursery
stock not interplanted. Any portion
OF such areas as are interplanted
will be counted as the actual acreage
OF such interplanted crop.
Idle crop land, cultivated land 1y-
ing fallow, waste land, roads, lanes,
OTIS, yards, and other similar non-crop
land, and woodland not planted to
forest trees since January l, 1884.
The Skyland post. [volume] (West Jefferson, N.C.) 193?-1988, 1937-02-18
F AR M II EW S

grain are harvested this year, the
acreage will be counted so per cent
soil-conserving.
But when lespedeza is grown on
land where no soil-depleting crops
are harvested, each acre of lespedeza
will count as full acre of soil-con-
serving crops in determining a
growers allowance.
The soilbuilding allowance is the
maximum amount of soil-building
payments a farmer will be eligible
to earn. In most cases it will be 81
for the normal acreage of soil-con-
serving crops on a farm, plus the
number of acres shifted from depict
ing to conserving crops.
The Skyland post. [volume] (West Jefferson, N.C.) 193?-1988, 1937-02-18

January Is. In the mountains the
earliest safe dae is March 1. This
hardy group will stand hard frosts
and may be planted in the open six
to eight weeks before danger from
killing frost is over.
Question: What is the best fertiliz-
er mixture for tobacco when grown
in rotation with cotton and corn?
Answer: When tobacco is preceded
by either corn or cotton, it should be
fortified with from 800 to 1000
pounds of a 1876 tobacco fertilizer.
The nitrogen should be made from
one-fourth nitrate nitrogen, one
fourth ammonium nitrogen, one
fourth organic nitrogen such as
blood, tankage of fish, land one-fourth
from organic nitrogen derived from
cotton sed meal. The phosphate
should be deived from Is per cent
superphosphate or its equivalent,
and the potash from muriate, sui
phate, or sulphate of potash mag
nesia. Where the tobacco normally
grows too large the nitrogen should
be reduced and where the tips of the
leaves show a reddish color in the
field the potash in sulphate form
should be increased.
Question: What soils will give the
greatest yield of lespedeza?
Answer: This legume grows best
on medium to heavy bottom land
but satisfactory yields may be OBJ
tanned on most uplands. The Com
mon, Tennessee 76, and Koke varie-
ties grow well in all soils of lower
altitude in the mountain section, and
on the slate, sandy loans, blackjack
lands, and red clay soils of the pied
mont section. Low-lying, moderately
heavy soils, river bottoms, and sandy
loans are best in the coastal plains.
The Korean variety is especially
adapted for the mountains because
of its earliness and it will produce
we'll on practically all the better
sois. Neither variety is of much
value when seeded on very acid or
sandy soils.
Question: How much codliver oil
should be used when fed on the
scratch feed?
Answer: Cod-liver oil should be
leu at the rate Oh one anu OIl0-nall
pounds to each 100 pounds of scratch
feed. The best way to : ED this oil
is to weigh out Is pour r.; of scratch
feed and thoroughly M. six ounces
of codliver oil with tl1;s amount.
This should then be used until en-
tirely consumed before another lot
is mixed. 1t is also advisable to keep
feed that is mixed with codliver oil
in some container that can be close
ed so that it will not be exposed to
the direct rays of the sun as this
exposure would detract from the
feeding value and also cause the
feed to sour.
Question: Should eggs be candled
after they are placed in the incu-
bator?
Answer: Yes. All eggs should be
candled on the seventh day and the
dead germs and infertiles removed.
A homemade GAMBLER may be made
by placing a lamp in box that has
four inch opening at the top. A
one and one-half inch hole should
be cut in the side of the box and on
a level with the flame In Gambling
place the large end of the egg in the
side opening and remove all those
showing clear with the yolk slightly
visible. Gambling should be done in a
dark room or at night.
The Skyland post. [volume] (West Jefferson, N.C.) 193?-1988, 1937-02-18
Timely Farme Questions
Answered at College

Question: Is it too early to put
cabbage plants in the field?
Answer: This, of course, depends
upon the section in which the cab
bage are to be grown. In the eastern
and central section of North Caro-
lima, hardy vegetables such as cab
bage, kale, mustard, onions, and
spinach may be put in the field as
early as February Is and in the ex-
IRENE eastern section as early as
The Skyland post. [volume] (West Jefferson, N.C.) 193?-1988, 1937-02-18
J. F. Criswell Gives
Crop Consultations

ClaSSificationS of Soil-conSerVing
and soil-depleting crops for the 1887
soil-conservation program in North
Carolina have been announced by
J. F. Criswell, of State College.
Crops to be counted as depicting
are:
Corn, cotton, tobacco, peanuts har-
vested for nuts, boom corn, sorg-
hum when harvested, and truck and
vegetable crops, including melons,
Strawberries, and Irish and sweet
potatoes.
Wheat, oats, barley, rye, buck
wheat, and grain mixtures when cut
for gain or hay. Sudan, millet, and
Italian rye grass harvested for hay
or seed.
Bulbs and Flowers
The following crops which help
build up or improve the soil are to
be counted. s:soil- conserving:
Sweet, red, alsike, white, and
mamoth clovers. Alfalfa, kudzu, and
sericea. Soybeans, velvet beans,
field peas, and cowpeas. Vetch, Aus
trian winter peas, bur and crimson
clover, crotalaria, and annual varie-
ties. of lespedeza.
Peanuts when pastured. Sudan,
millet, and Italian rye grass not har-
vested for hay or seed. Bluegrass,
Dallis, redtop, timothy, orchard
grass, Bermuda, carpet grass, and
mixtures of these.
Rye, oats, barley, wheat, buck
wheat, and grain mixtures not cut
for. grain or hay, provided a good
growth is left on the land
Forest trees planted on crop land
since January l, 1884, and sweet
sorghum that is not harvested.
New Provisions
When land is used to grow both
depicting and conserving crops, the
entire acreage will be counted once
as soil.depleting, and part or all of
the same acreage will also be count
ed as -soil-conserving.
When summer legumes are grown
in combination with depicting row
crops, the entire acreage will be
counted once as soil-depleting, and
half of the same acearge will also be
counted as soil-conserving, provided
the legmues occupy at least one-half
the land and good growth has been
attained.
This means, Criswell explained,
that in figuring the general soil-de-
pleting base for a farm, the entire
acreage of these mixed crops will be
counted in. And in determining the
soil-conserving acreage, one-half Of
the same mixed acres" will be
counted.
The entire acreage on which mix
lures of legumes and depicting
crops (winter 1egumes and small
grains, or summer legumes and an
nual grasses) are harvested together
shall be classified as soil-depleting
One-half of the same land will be
counted in the soil conserving acre
age it at least so per cent of the total
growth harvested consists of le-
gumes.
When depicting crop is harvest
ed and Immediately followed by
conserving legumes or perennial
grasses the same year, the full acre
age will be soil-depleting. One-half
of the same acreage will also be
counted as Soil-conserving If the le-
gume is an annual winter variety,
the entire acreage will be counted
conserving as well as depicting.
When specified crops are plowed
under as green manure after at least
two months normal growth on land
from which a commercial vegetable
is harvested the same year, the en-
tire acreage will be. counted as soil
Evening star., 1937-05-30
Classics Redivivus.

Reading advertisements In the news
papers Of half dozen American cities,
not excluding Washington, q lover Of
the literary classics has been encouraged
to find that department stores think it
worth while to tell the public that they
are selling books which have stood the
test OF time. Apparently, at least one
publishing house has visioned the COM
mercial possibilities Of such theoretically
forgotten volumes. 1t also Is indicated
that there already has been sufficient
popular response to justify the expense
Of the enterprise. Printers would not
manufacture nor merchants undertake to
market publications not wanted by the
people.
But what is the explanation? How
does 1t happen that such titles as Thack-
erays Vanity Fair" and Charlotte
Brontes Jane Eyre" are again listed
among the best sellers? The problem
merits examination. Indeed, it demands
analysis. Contemporary novelists may
claim vested interest" in the circum-
stances. They would be well within their
natural rights If they complained about
the competition of writer's dead and sup
posedly out-moded half q century ago.
1t must move them to wrath to see GUS
toners buying Charles Dtckeus' David
Evening star., 1937-05-30

Copperheld" when they might spend
their money, If they chose, for the latest
sizzler hot and still smoking from the
press. When they think OF hard cash
cheerfully paid down for James Boswell's
"Hebrides" in an era in which the Grand
Cham should be as defunct as the dodo,
they must froth at the mouth with rage.
Yet the fact cannot be contradicted.
Some thousands, perhaps some millions
Of citizens, 1t Is demonstrated, deliber-
ately prefer the classics. Possibly an ele-
ment Of logic is involved. The crowd
may be weary Of realism, exhausted by
the din of current controversy In the
world, lied up" on sex and sociology
and disguised with radical propaganda
tricked out In flctional rags. II so, it is
a good sign. Returning sanity could
have no better manifestation-becau
it is true, incontrovertibly, that las man
thtnketh. 50 shall he be-"
Evening star., 1937-05-30
those enduring principles upon which the
Poplh1ic {c h,,f1JoJ

those enduring principles upon which the
Republic is buflded
We are being reminded in this wear
In which we are thinking of the fathers
who gave us the Constitution, that they
were motivated by deep spiritual ideals
and that the Nation they brought into
being was builded upon Christian foun-
dation. We shall honor our heroes most
by maintaining and defending those
ideals that moved them to give their all.
They were preserving something other
than vast physical property or bound
less estate. Men have lost their property
and gone down to seeming defeat and
yet have maintained the high things of
their character.
We have been compelled in these re-
cent years to think over much of what
we have and hold of material values and
it may be that in our effort to preserve
Christian ideals that have been vitally
and Immediately related to our we'll
being.
Memorial Day should be day of hal
lowed remembrances. 1t is more than a
holiday; it is holy day. To strew flow
ers on the graves of our beloved dead
is fitting service and symbolic of our
unfailing affection for them This we
will do, but if we would render a more
costly service and one more adequate,
let us reaffirm and rededicate ourselves
to those Christian ideals and principles
that are the sure warrants of our Sc
curity and our permanence.
The strength of this Nation is not in
its accumulated wealth, its vast area,
its known and unknown resources. 1t
Is in the stable character of it's citizens.
A fine word to remember at this time
is the one given by the Hungarian
patriot Louis Kossuth: IF your Ship of
State Is ever lost the rock upon which it
will split will be the devotion of your
citizens to their private interests at the
expense OF the state Loyalty to our
honored dead implies loyalty to the Re-
public for which they died.
Evening star., 1937-05-30
Britain's New Pilot.

It Is to singularly colorless but un-
mistakably firm hands that the plotting
of the British ship Of state is now trans
ferred. To that circumstance perhaps
may be mainly attributed the conspicu-
Gus calm which accompanies Neville
Chamberlain's succession to the prime
ministership as the heir Of Stanley
Baldwin. The government will continue
the same proportionate sprinkling OF
Conservatives, National Liberals and
Laborites. though as under Baldwin, the
cabinet remains preponderantly Tory IN
hue with the new Prime Minister as Its
complete personification.
On the verge Of his SEVENTEEN year,
Neville Chamberlain attains the supreme
political goal denied in turn to his
father, the great imperialist, Joseph
Chamberlain, and to his late brother,
Sir Austen, the architect OF Locarno
The incoming leaders temperament and
record combine to assure Great Britain
and the empire an unexciting but strong
regime. Having acquired his fame chief
ly in the administration OF national
finances as chancellor Of the exchequer
during the past six years, at least the
early stages Of Mr.. Chamberlain's rule
are expected to be distinguished by
specialization in the fiscal and economic
fields As the one directly responsible
for the recent national defense con-
tribution" budget required for execu-
ton Of the f1,5o0,ooo00o rearmament
scheme, he is called upon at once to
carry through the burdensome tax pro-
gram which it imposes.
In light OF his uncompromising pro-
tectionist views, the United States chief
immediate interest in Mr.. Chamberlain s
policies is his attitude toward recipro-
cal trade pact. AS he Is said to regard the
Ottawa inter empire agreements as the
master achievement Of his career. it may
need vigorous pressure from the Do
minions and at home to goad the prime
uluLSICl AAltO d dppA cIAAIAAA Vic Vdluc Vi
reciprocity with this country. He has
never revealed any enthusiasm for
adjustment Of the American war debt.
In the broad field Of foreign politics Mr..
Chamberlain ranks as an exponent Of a
resolute British attitude toward Ger
many, of preservation Of the entente
with France and Of close links with
other democratic nations.
His predecessor at No. 10 Downing
street bequeathes to Neville Chamber
lain the heritage Of Britain well In
trenched at home as the result OF
economic recovery and newly fortified
In its international relations. As 4
leader addicted to conscientious meth
DDS, tinctured with courage and realism,
the undramatic, fortnight personality
who now takes the helm is certain to
carry on" in the effective spirit that
marked the conduct OF empire affairs
during the eventful era which brought
him to power.
Evening star., 1937-05-30
A DAY OF REMEMBRANCE
BY THE RIGHT REV JAMES E. FREEMAN D. d. H. D. n e H.
BISHOP WASHINGTON

This day shall be unto you for q
memorial"
AS individuals we have days in the
calendar that have = deep and sacred
significance. In the main they recall
personalities and epochal events that
have had determining influence upon
our life. In our corporate life there are
like days in the calendar when we re-
member the deeds of the good and the
great, or some event in our national life
that has large historic significance.
Today is Memorial Day, day in which
we are called upon to remember with
grateful praise those who in critical times
sacriflcially served the Nation. In the
main, they were the youth of the Re-
public. They represented the ideals, the
faith and the hope Of the Nation, and
while we cherish their memory we lament
that conditions arose that took them from
their just inheritance Apart from any
contribution they made to the veal of
the Nation they served, we are bound
to believe that, costly as was their sacri-
fee, they furnished an ideal of service
and devotion 10 duty that nave given
inspiration to those that have followed
them. 1t may be that their service,
heroically rendered, may contribute
nightly to the increase of the spirit OF
peace and good will among men.
Whatever our later conception OF the
justification of war may be, we are bound
to reverence those who, responding to a
great cause gave to 1t the last full meas
ure Of devotion" II we would worthily
remember our honored dead, If we would
make Memorial Sunday what 1t should
be to our country, it ought to be a day
Of increased devotion to those ideals, pur-
poses and institutions for the preserva-
ton OF which men gladly laid down their
lives. We may not forget that patriotism
Of the right sort rises above self interest
and acquisition; 1t is the selfless express
sion OF utter and complete devotion to
Evening star., 1937-05-30
the owners. Both Of these concessions
were made long ago in Britain and on the
continent.


were made long ago in Britain and on the
continent.
Minimum wages for city workers and
what amounts to guaranteed income
for farmers are part of the same scheme.
These latter experiments. Just being
offered to Congress, have yet to receive
Supreme Court approval Yet that ap-
proval is confidently expected at the
White House.
The craftsmanship of Chief Justice
Hughes has resulted in maneuvers that
remove the court from the path of the
New Deal but, at the same time, leave
its power and prestige undiminished for
future use to check any abuse of the
broader power now lodged in the hands
OF the President and of Congress. The
sensational clash between the executive
and the judiciary apparently will end in
a peace without victory for either side,
but leaving the way open for a new New
Deal.
Strangely, as if to refute the argument
that bachelors in government service are
necessarily radical and irresponsible, the
two poles OF opposite viewpoint on the
court are represented by bachelors I'm
married Justice James c. McReynolds is
proud of a batting average of an un-
broken thousand" In opposition to the
Presidents experiments. Unmarried JUS
tice Benjamin N. Cardozo, who just
wrote the decisions validating the social
security act, is the possessor of batting
average almost as high in support of the
Presidents experiments.
!, The New Deal obviously must be *.
planned In other terms.
<coDgrtsht, 1oe1sI
Evening star., 1937-05-30

appeal on Decoration day, but they may
comprehend it better on Tuesday, when
the press Of every city in the land sor-
rowfully will record the traffic tragedies
of sixty hours OF relief from routine
sixty hours of accelerated motoring. DR..
Lowe is not irreverent. or unpatriotic.
Rather. he is endeavoring to pay prac-
tical homage TO those who made the
ultimate sacrifice" It Is his conviction
that the prevailing "wanton disregard of
life" is kind Of treason to the honored
martyrs for whom Memorial day origi-
nally was established.
for more than quarter century, COM
mends DR.. Loves appeal. It does so in
the faith that It's readers share Its
anxiety to protect human existence from
unnecessary danger. The fatalistic no
ton that nothing can be done about it"
is unreasonable. Something must be
done. People are too precious, to their
own dear ones and =, the community
at large, to be slaughtered IN the streets
without protest at their destruction. The
Nation owes 1t to itself to solve the prob
lem. Intelligence is not lacking, facilities
may be devised. All that Is wanted is
the dynamic Of a common determination.
The Star echoes DR.. Lowe In the plea:
"On Memorial day let us memorable
the dead by mobilizing the living to pre-
vent DEATH"