davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1937-12-16

Ouer at Mckinley High School the club has
this entertaining and instructive gadget. The
idea is to drop a steel ball In the hole on the
right representing the right ans,Der to the
question and numbered ans1Uers on the left.
The right anS,Der giDeS a green light; the
1orong ans,Oer, the gong. Doris Graham and
Ted Vial, president OF the traf1club, are shown
taking the test.
Star Staff PhOtOs
Evening star., 1937-12-16

Here Richard Ham of the A. A. A. explains the
0rake reaction detonator to Jane Thoma and
Mdrte-Gay O1Uen at Roosevelt High With the
car moving, the tester presses a button and one
gun goes OF shooting red lead on the ground
Immediately on hearing the shot, the driuer
lead on the ground. The distance bet1ueen the
t'oo marks sho1os the driver's speed of reaction
ana the distance from the brake gun mark to
the point the car stops ho,D good the brakes are.
Evening star., 1937-12-16
TAXI STRIKE VOTED ON
General Walkout Of New York's
$4,000 Drivers Looms.

NEW YORK, Dec. 16 (R.-Threat
OF q general strike Of the city's $4,000
taxicab drivers grew today Is $500
employees of the Terminal, Bell and
Town taxicab systems prepared to
vote on q walkout. The men are
members of the Transport Workers
Union &C. /. o..
Drivers of the Sunshine Radio,
Atlas-Liberty and Parmelee cab sys-
TENS have authorized strikes, while 200
drivers Of the Grand City Transports
ton Co. are already on strike because
OF alleged company contract VIOLA
tions. Strike Of 100 men has tied up
cabs Of the Statler Cab Co.
Evening star., 1937-12-16
OIL YMPIC GROUP DENIES
UNCERTAINTY IN GAMES
Terms False Report in Toxic
Newspaper Japan Cannot Give
Definite Answer on 40 Fete.

By the Associated Press. ~/
TOXIC, Dec. 16.-The Olympic Or
ganizing Committee today denied Q
report in the newspaper Asahi that
Japan Is unable to give . definite
answer regarding its ability to stage
the Olympic games in 1s4o.
The paper says that the war with
China has delayed Olympic prepare
tions to such an extent that whether
the government will continue TO sup
port the games is problematical. It's
attitude will be based on conditions"
Members Of the Organising Com
mittee told the Associated Press that
the report Is entirely false. The gov
ernment is supporting the games fully
and preparations are proceedings on
schedule"
Evening star., 1937-12-16
Bandits Pursue Soldiers.

MANILA, Philippine Islands, Dec.
le R).-Philippine soldiers chasing
Moro outlaws in LAnao provinces were
chased By the outlaws today Tor the
fourth time Ia two weeks. -Four times
the soldiers have driven the Mores
from their fort ct. TAraka aud four
times the Moros recaptured 1t
Evening star., 1937-12-16

Pressure continues low east of New
s. s,sb s seGanma Gr.sn,ln ge1s Inches: and Juiiane
turbance is moving rapidly eastward over
the northern Appalachian region. Burling-
ton: Vt; 29.74 inches, while a disturbance
Is developing over the West Gulf States
Corpus, Christi Tex. 297S inches. An
ether disturbance is moving eastward over
Northern Manitoba, Churchill % 80
inches. and pressure is low over Alaska
ana southwestern Canada. Kodiak, Alaska
29.12 inches. Pressure is high between
Bermuda and the South Atlantic coast,
Charleston, s: c., 30.1S inches, and it is
bib and rising over the Plateau region
Winnemucca, New, 30.26 inches. During
the last "a hours there has been rather
general precipitation in the West Gulf
States the Lake region and in portions Of
the Central Valleys and the North At
lantic States Rains or SHOWS occurred
also in portions of the North Pacific States
and the Northern Plateau region. Tenn
peratures have risen considerably in por-
tions of the Ohio Valley and the Middle
Atlantic States.
River Report.
Potomac and Shenandoah Rivers clear
at Harpers Ferry: clear At Great Falls
today.
Report for Last "A Hours.
Evening star., 1937-12-16
$3.50, 900 TYPH0ON AID
Quezon Signs Philippine Bill
After Three Storms

MANILA tP).-Commonwealth Pres
ident Manuel L. Quezon signed a bill
creating q $250,000 typhoon relief
fund after three storms spread death
and destruction across the Central
Philippines.
The fund was in addition to $780,
900 appropriated by the National As
sembly previously for relief of victims
Of other calamaties,
Evening star., 1937-12-16
Draws the Line at Bum"

MARSHALLTOWN, Iowa, Dec. 16
R.-Deward Jack Rogers, 10, said
he didn't mind being called knight
OF the road" or . "hoater," but he
drew the line at bum"
When . policeman used that word
In addressing him, Rogers struck him
in the face.
His address for the next 30 days:
MarshAlltown Jail.
Evening star., 1937-12-16
THE WEATHER REPORT


northwest winds becoming
Maryland
tonight. ~
West vnginiaoccasnal tomorrow slightly colder
in northeast tonight '' "
Evening star., 1937-12-16
Tires Built on Core.

Some tires, particularly larger sizes,
are built upon q core which has the
shape Of the tire. Made in this way,
tires do not need to be shaped" later.
Evening star., 1937-12-16

Record for Last "a Hours.
: (From noon yesterday to noon todayD
Nighest. -3s. 7:1o an. Year ago, As.
Lowest, SO. 7:10 pm. Year ago, 81.
Record Temperatures This Year.
Highest 81, on August 20
Lowest. II. on December IL.
Humidity fer Last "a Heurs.
(From noon yesterday to noon today)
Hishest, 20 per cent, at am.
Lowest. IS per cent, At 1890 pm. yes
terdAy.
Precipitation.
Monthly precipitation In inches in the
Evening star., 1937-12-16
Racing Results
Charles Town

\notIeS IoW0-
FIRST RACE-Purse, S4OO, fer 2-year.
cid maiden selts and geldings, Charles
IeWn eoufse-
Mentoya (Hoot) ESQ $50 2.40
facomaker (KilEore) 800 2.2O
Sse Boy (vesseli) ESQ
Time. 1:10H.
Aored. TIVE Aces.
SECOND RACE-Rurss, SEQ; elaimins,
Fell Perrst (Garrett) 1a.SO 7.so $50
1etee LAD WARD go 4.o0
8uAAlng water (Dunbaf) $40
Tine, 1:2f.
AIse seq--LaAy Cissk, ShsfiA Eugens,
KeAne!. CAo&ee deo1, EliasS0Tk rarIey.
Coetee Gee4 won. bat was dlsgualiAsl.
Evening star., 1937-12-16

Driving this completely dual control car,
one OF the t1Oo OF its kind in the country
according to American Automobile Associa-
tton officials, is fun, but its intended use is
IN the field OF driuer training. Here Mrs.
Mary Buts, teacher at the Richard Montqon1-
cry High School, in Rockville Md, is dem
onstrating the machine for Jean Parent,
STUDENT The safe driving course there car
ries full academic credit
Evening star., 1937-12-16

Report for Last "A Hours.
The Hagerstown globe. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1936-1943, 1937-12-10
HEALTH SERVICE
In PUBLIC SCHOOLS
DR.. Riley, State Depart.
ment of Health, Gives
Plans for Year

the counties by the County health
officers under the joint auspices
of the State Department of Health
and the State Board of Education
was started soon after the schools
opened for the fall season. Dental
clinics have also been resumed.
In announcing the arrange
ments for the school year, Dr.. r.
H. Riley, Director of the State
Department of Health, said: .sThe
plan of concentrating on the chill
dren in the lower grades, with re
examinations Of those in the up
per grades, was started several
years ago, and is being continued
in the majority of the schools. In
some of the smaller schools all of
the children will be examined.
Particular attention is paid to the
general health and development
of the child; symptoms of good
or faulty nutrition; to the throat,
nose, teeth, condition Of the skin,
CuSnl NOAlu1IlOllo, VlolOu, uGdIIIS
and to the child's posture.
''The object of the examination
is two-fold; F'idst to detect con-
ditions that might lead to illness
later on or that might develop
into a permanent handicap if /
allowed to run on. Second, to
bring such conditions to the
attention of the parents, so that
they may be attended to, prompt
ly
"The younger children are
selected for the examination so
that unfayorable conditions may
be discovered while they are in
the early stages when they can
be corrected most readily. Parents
are always welcome and in some /
of the schools special arrange
ments are made for them to be
present.
Largely through the activities
of the parent-teacher association,
and the work of the public health
nurses, more interest is taken
each year in following up the ex-
aminations and in seeing that
conditions in need of correction,
are attended to. The service
clubs have been a great help, also,
in providing the necessary funds
for glasses and in arranging for
other special services.
"The schools are kept under
constant supervision to prevent
the spread Of communicable dis
eases among the children. Medi-
cal inspections of the children, no
matter what grade they are in,
who have been exposed to scarlet
fever, diphtheria, measles, whoop-
ing cough, or to any of the other
diseases that are passed readily
from person to person, by the
health officer and the public
health nurse Of the district, CON
stitute very important part Of
the health department service in
the schools. Inspections are made
daily, if necessary, when there is
danger of an outbreak Of any of
these diseases.
Last year, over 41,OOO children
had the benefit of the complete
physical examinations; over 49,
200 inspections were made to pre-
vent the spread of communicable
diseases and nearly $4,000 follow
up visits were made to the homes
by the public health nurses in
connection with these activities"
The Hagerstown globe. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1936-1943, 1937-12-10

The Great Wall of China was
built 228 years B. C.
The Hagerstown globe. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1936-1943, 1937-12-10
FRANKLIN, JR., FINED

Franklin d. Roosevelt, Jr., was
fined $1.5O for double parking in
Charlottesville, Va, according to
Chief of Police Maurice Greever,
of that place.
The Hagerstown globe. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1936-1943, 1937-12-10

The Caspian Sea was three feet
lower last summer than it was 100
years ago.
The Hagerstown globe. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1936-1943, 1937-12-10

Box was pen name once used
by Charles Dickens.
The Hagerstown globe. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1936-1943, 1937-12-10

Watch The Globe Grow!
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1937-09-17

cred up and incorporated by Jefferson
in the Declaration Of Independence
and finally came to majestic COM
pleteness in the Constitution. No in
stitution of ours has its roots deeper
down in the elemental passions of
free people.
We enjoy in this country what
distinguished churchman has called
"a modern miracle" Men Of all races
gian. Irish, Greek and all, with their
varied and conflicting views and ways
of thinking and living. representing
all faiths, all creeds and all religions,
Protestant, Catholic, Jew, Scientist,
and those with no belief-all living in
peace and security under one flag.
1t seems no less than miracle when
we recall rivers running red with hui
man blood shed in racial and religious
warfare, and when we now look abroad
and see great nations tortured with
racial and religious controversies, torn
with internecine strife, visiting on each
other cruelties which find few paral-
lels in all the history of prosecutions.
Let us pause in our service this eve
ming and make inquiry why it is we
are so richly blessed.
We shall find it is not because
Divine Providence has sought us out
for special favor, for He hath made
of one blood all nations of men,; not
because we are altogether different
from other peoples in our likes and
dislikes, our prejudices and our pas
sions. We shall find that our pecu-
liarly good fortune and our rare bless
ings are due primarily to the fact that
we have had Constitution guaran-
teeing liberty and protection under
the law to all, and a. Supreme Court
which for $50 years has never, when
appealed to, permitted that guarantee
to be disregarded.
Courts Have Found Strength
In Rock of Constitution.
There have been times when politi-
cal forces have sought to disregard
some, or all, of the guarantees of the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1937-09-17

our government in any manner which
seems to the people proper and wise.
The means and method are always at
hand to adjust the power of govern
ment to the tasks of government, not
the powers which individuals, or
groups, may insist the government
should have. but the powers which
all the people may determine the gov
eminent shall have. And therein lies
the whole difference between democ-
racy and autocracy.
Constitution Is Binding
Until People Change 1t.
Until the people speak, until the
people make known their desire, the
Constitution is sacredly binding upon
the people, upon officials, upon the
Congress, the Executive, and the
courts. In the language of the Father
of our Country, THE basis of our
political systems is the right of the
people to make and to alter their
constitutions of government-but the
constitution which at any time ex-
lists, until changed by an explicit and
authentic act of the whole people, is
sacredly obligatory upon all"
Certainly it must be so regarded
by all who take a solemn oath to
maintain and support it. 1t is sacred
against the right or power of Congress
or the Executive or the courts, or Of
all combined, to change or modify it
through unwarranted, forced or
strained constructions. Such changes
are usurpations-nonetheless vicious
because not openly avowed. If that
were not true, constitutional govern
ment would be mere trap with which
to ensnare the peoples support to &C
complish their own enslavement.
VIII those who contend that the
Constitution is not sacred go so far
as to say that the right of the people
to determine the form of government
under which they live is not sacred,
that liberty is not sacred, that to be
free from arbitrary arrests and the
torture chamber is not sacred. that
the right to live your faith and wor-
ship your God unmolested is not sa-
cred? If they will not 60 so far as
to say these things are not sacred,
then let us remember that upon the
exclusive power of the people to make
their constitution and to keep it as
they make it, or amend it, as they
choose, all these sacred things depend.
When the people lose control of their
constitution they have already lost
control of their government! 1t is
an old story that when the people lose
power they lose liberty.
Defines Sacred" in Terms
OF Fruits II Constitution.
I may have wrong conception of
the word sacred. But / feel that an
instrument of government, purchased
by years of sacrifice and bloodshed
upon the field, by weeks and months
of arduous effort in council, which
has held together people of all chimes,
races and faiths in ordered liberty,
which gives freedom to all who come
within its jurisdiction, which makes
the people sovereign and public OIL
Gals their agents, is sacred by every
rule which measures the worth OF
human progress or human freedom.
Mr.. Chairman, it has often been
stated there was not much new, or
original, in the Constitution of the
United States. Its simplicity and its
strength and durability lie in the fact
that the trainers were content to be
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1937-09-17

here the words Of Thomas Jefferson:
AN elective despotism vas not the
government We fought for. but one
which should not only be founded on
free principles, but in which the pow
ers of government be so divided and
balanced among several bodies, -
that no one could transcend their
legal limits without being odectually
checked and restrained by the others
Since the Great War the world has
seemed more or less topsy turvy. That
event came near banishing moral
forces from public affairs. Consciously
or unconsciously, leaders and peoples
alike have ever since felt the baneful
influence of the theory that force is
the sole. as well as the supreme.
arbiter in all matters, domestic or
foreign. touching the affairs of gov
eminent. Logically, therefore. before
the wounded were hardly off the field
and while the hospitals in practically
all countries were hardly of the field
and while the hospitals in practically
all countries were crowded with the
MANNED and the insane, preparations
were begun for other wars. Huge
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1937-09-17

Gle" Of ours is constitutional govern
ment with its checks and balances. its
laws and courts, in practical opera
ton. 1t is democracy working.
The marvel of those men who stood
about the birth of this Nation is not
that they met the exigencies of the
immediate hour-other leaders in
other times had done that only to see
their work perish with them--but that
they could, and did. outline principles
of government applicable to all times.
They saw in their clear vision a great
republic deriving all power from the
people and designed solely to serve the
people. They were familiar with the
tragic efforts Of the people in the past
to set up such a government, and
they could see. or thought they could
see, some of the vicissitudes of the
future, and they built not for their
own day, but for all time. They I'M
derstood well that occasions would
arise when the people themselves, as
well as their leaders, might grow rest
less under those constitutional re-
straints upon which all the rights OF
the people rest, and they sought to
guard against that day. May I quote
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1937-09-17

or disregarding its terms, then there
must somewhere be set UP an umpire,
impartial and final, to judge between
the people and their agents and SER
wants. No one familiar with the
history of the Constitutional Conven-
ton or familiar with the thought of
the day outside of the convention will
doubt that the trainers, without divi-
sion, recognized the necessity of Gre
ating such an umpire. And they will
have no doubt that this idea met
with the approval of the people of
those times. Looking upon the pure
and impartial administration of
justice as the highest achievement of
government and the surest bond of
national union, they, with practically
one accord, sought to set up a tribunal
OF justice free and apart from the
storms of politics.
Necessity of Free Court Realized
Through Trials of the Poor.
In this vital matter the trainers
were working again by the light of
experience, for the idea of an indie
pendent tribunal of justice did not
originate, in the first instance, in the
councils of state or among those of
great influence. 1t had originated
with the humble and prosecuted. with
those who had suffered from political
opinions or religious beliefs, and the
sanctity of whose homes and the Sc
curity Of whose families had often
been violated by those in power. The
demand for tribunals, uninfluenced by
and unafraid of political power, came
from the people of Old England, was
carried across the sea by those seeking
security in a new world, was kept
alive throughout the Colonies, gath
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1937-09-17

guided by experience and to place in
our scheme of government no more
than experience has revealed as ex-
pedient and wise. 1t may well be-
indeed. one might say, it must be
that, in dealing with new problems,
experience will again call for such
changes as may be deemed expedient
and wise. Widespread poverty in the
midst of wealth, the concentration of
economic power, the unquenchable
thirst of a progressive people for the
better things of life, have brought,
and will continue to bring, to the
Government matters for consideration
And the people. as 1 have already
said, have the power, and I doubt not
will have the intelligence and patri-
otism. to meet all such exigencies and
to grant to the Government whatever
powers are necessary
But some of the experiences en-
bodied in our framework of govern
ment had been so bitter and searching,
so unerring in the truths revealed, so
profoundly a part of the scheme of
freedom, that they can never be
changed without a surrender of the
whole scheme Of freedom itself. In
the way of Illustration, no one will
contend that the right of the people
to amend the Constitution should
ever be taken away from the people
or that through subterfuge they
should be cheated of that right. And
it seems equally beyond question that,
If the people are to write the funda-
mental law, Incorporating therein the
pledges and guarantees which keep
them free, and to prescribe the limits
beyond which their agents and SER
wants may not go, in interfering with
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1937-09-17

Constitution freedom Of speech. If
the press, freedom from arbitrary ar
rests. freedom of priest, OF minister,
to administer to his people. And there
have been times when political forces
have sought to close the courts. But
when national feeling has run high
as national feeling at times inevitably
will-when great leaders have swayed
with the storm-as great leaders
sometimes do-the supreme tribunal
created by the fathers has remembered
the Constitution and thrown its shield
about all who sought its protection.
When in the haste or zeal of some
great effort those in control of the
political forces of the Nation have
looked upon the Bill of Rights as an
obstacle to their aims, the court has
proved to be, as James Madison ex-
pressed the hope and belief 1t would
prove, IAN impenetrable bulwark
against every assumption of power in
the Legislature or the Executive" and
has furthermore resisted every en-
croachment upon the rights" which
the people had stipulated in the Con-
stitution should never be disregarded
or surrendered. This modern mira
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1937-09-17
Text of Senator Borahs Address on the Constitution
1dahoan o PeopCh

The full text of last nights addres:
BY Senator Borah, Republican, Of
Idaho at the Constitution day program
sponsored by Master Masons of the
District follows:
Ladies and Gentleman: It some
times seems to make but little diff
ference to those so fortunate as to
possess influence or to enjoy power
economical or political, what kind of
q government you have. 1t may be a
matter of some Importance to them,
but it is not vital. They fare rea-
sonably we'll under any kind of gov
eminent. The industrial leaders in
two Of the most despotic governments
Of Europe are said to be entirely con-
tent with their security and salts
ded with their profits.
But no kind of government has yet
been devised, and both reason and
experience teach none can be de-
vised-which offers opportunity and
fnsures liberty to the average man
or woman, which preserves and pro-
tects the rights and privileges of
those whom Lincoln called the COM
mon people, except government of
law with independent tribunals of
Justice. There is no such thing as
security for the masses or protection
for minority groups, political, racial,
or religious, never has been. and in
the nature of things never can be-
under any form of government save
government where the people through
their representatives make the laws
and uncontrolled courts construe
them.
This is the kind of government for
which the Declaration of Independ-
ence declared and for which Amer
lean patriots waged a seven years
war. This is the kind of government
which on September II, 1867, was
submitted to the people for approval.
Story of Freedom Needs
Retelling Again and Again.
The story of the writing of the
Constitution, its submission and its
adoption and, finally, the launching
OF free nation, needs to be reread
and retold again and again. The
boldness of that enterprise, the over
mastering spirit with which it was
carried forward, the unselflsh devo-
ton Of the leaders to the cause of
human liberty. and above all, the
comforts and the blessings which this
plan of government has brought to
the average man or woman, lifts the
story into the realm OF sacred his
tory. Perhaps you would expect me
to retell that story tonight, but have
other things which it seems I ought
TO discuss. Before doing so, however,
let me pause for one observation
which seems relevant in connection
with the adoption of the Constitution
and relevant to the happenings and
duties of our own immediate time.
1t Is often said in recent years that
che Constitution of the United States
Is not sacred document. This is
one Of the assumptions constantly
advanced by those who would change
the Constitution as you would change
= statute, bend 1t or twist it to every
political breeze, or tear it up alto
gether. OF course, the Constitution,
as it exists at any particular time, is
not sacred as against the right and
power Of the people to amend it in
the manner provided in the Consti-
tuition. The people may make over