davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1937-05-15

Thursday Is Tenth Anniver-
sary of Flyers Fa.
nous Feat.

Every now and then the Smithso-
man gets some new Lindbergh mate
rial. For instance, the wheels now on
"The Spirit of St. Louis" are not those
with which the plane was equipped for
the Paris hop. Those wheels were
taken off in Minneapolis during the
aviator's Nationwide tour and new
wheels were installed. Discovering the
wheels sometime later, airport officials
asked Lindbergh whether he wanted
them. He replied in the Affirmative
and sent them on to the Smithsonian.
However, he said he thought it would
be appropriate to keep the present
wheels on because they we're in use
when the ship went into the museum.
At the time the plane was turned
over to the Smithsonian there was an
outcry that it was "a shame to put
The Spirit Of st. Louis into a dusty
museum" and the opinion was voiced
in some quarters that the ship should
keep on flying until 1t fell apart. Such
a contention seems incredibly Short
sighted now, but 1t was made, and
very seriously, too.
In order to carry out the idea Of
flight, the Smithsonian officials have
suspended ''The Spirit Of st. Louis"
from the ceiling at the entrance to the
exhibit hall. A huge glass case had been
considered, but this was abandoned as
impractical. Also abandoned was q
plan to build ramp up which visitors
could walk for q closeup inspection Of
the cockpit. This was not considered
feasible for several reasons, one Of
which was the ever-present menace
Of that strange and ineradicable crea-
ture, the vandal souvenir hunter.
Evening star., 1937-05-15

May, 1923, just a year after the New
York-Paris flight, The Spirit of St.
Louis" was placed on display in Wash
ington. On the day the plane went on
view the largest crowd in the history
Of the Smithsonian was recorded.
And ever since the ship has been the
ranking exhibit in point Of public in
terest.
IN DIRECT charge of the plane is
Paul Edward CARRIER, assistant
curator Of engineering in charge Of
aeronautics. CARRIER was mail pilot
on the New York washington run at
the time Lindbergh was carrying the
mails in the Middle West. Although
they did not meet before the Paris
flight, they since have become friends.
1t is CARRIER himself who inspects
and supervises the cleaning Of THE
Spirit Of st. Louis" He says the plane
is still in splendid condition and that
its life as an exhibit will be virtually
unlimited. "1t's good for hundreds Of
years." he says.
Evening star., 1937-05-15

building OF American ships with the
cost to foreign nations of operating
and building their merchant marine
under the subsidy plan effective in all
important nations of the world that
engage in shipping Many such for
elgn governments provide liberal sub
sides for private shipping interests of
their own nations. In addition, it
costs less to build foreign ships and
it costs less to maintain and operate
them than it costs to build and
operate American ships. This is due
to the American high standard of
living that is reflected in costs Of con-
struction and OF operating a vessel
To adjust this differential that exists
between American-built ships and
foreign-built ships, the commission is
now called upon to establish outright
subsidies for the first time in our
national history.
In setting up adequate subsidies for
American shipping, one of the first
considerations of the new commission
has been to wipe out the old mail con-
tracts, some of which were stablished
on a l0-year-period basis and some
OF which have, variously from 3 to S
years to run. When these are an
nounced, they will be adequate to
cover the three differentials between
American and foreign shipping costs.
Congress has formerly provided sub
sides disguised under various other
terms, in the interests of American
shipping. In recent years, this aid
took the form of loans at low rates Of
interest to American shipping compa- :
nles, for the purpose of building new
ships for foreign trade. The practice
has proved to be failure, since few
ships were built and difficulties arose
over repayment of the loans. Under
this new deal in shipping the old
abuses will be impossible and, in addi-
ton, American shipping companies
will be called upon to maintain a
replacement program that will assure
the continuation of our maritime
position
THIS ship-replacement program is
another necessity with which Mr..
Evening star., 1937-05-15
11OSl SHIPS TO BE BANISE1ED BY NATIONS NEW MARINE
Small Force Of Postal Inspectors Has High Batting Average
Obtaining Convictions Against Fraudulent Users of the
Mails Who Prey the Guible.

use all the tricks OF the sleuthing
trade.
Sometimes he deals with gunner
and gangsters, and at other times
with educated directors of gigantic
business enterprises who hold respect
ed places in communities until dis
honesty is exposed by the inspectors
work against overwhelming odds. Pic
lures OF some who have been brought
to justice by the Postal Inspection
Service might be thought by the cas-
ual observer to be the members of
a bank or hospital directing board
They look prosperous. They look
smart. They know their way about
in the world.
On the other hand, the inspector
investigating the hold-up and rob-
berry Of a mail train or post Office
truck must deal with the shrewd and
oftimes politically entrenched under
world gangster, reckless Of human life
and represented by able and unscru-
pulous members OF the legal pro-
fession.
An inspector investigating the mail
ing Of an internal machine must cope
with the vagaries Of mind stimulated
Evening star., 1937-05-15

Kennedy's commission will have to
wrestle. So far. they have no definite
plans, which is not to be wondered
at, at this early date. That it is an
essential factor in any merchant ma
rines permanency they are all agreed
Each operating service, under such a
program, maintains a percentage of
modern tonnage that will allow 1t to
compete with similar services OF other
nations. To maintain its present posi-
ton in carrying world trade, the
United States must replace at least
100000 gross tons of vessels annually.
However, under an enlarged merchant
marine, many more than this would
have to be replaced.
Our present status, as matter of
cold fact, is not an enviable one. Nor
is it one suited to our power as a
Nation nor our prestige as an essen
TALLY commercial Nation. We are
behind every other principal mari
time nation in the percentage of our
merchant fleet, represented by modern
tonnage. We are far behind other
principal maritime nations in the per-
Evening star., 1937-05-15
Esprit Of St. Louis" |
Smithsonian'S No, |
Attraction.
By Herbert H0llander.

TNEN years ago next Thursday
at 4:22 pm. Eastern standard
time, May 81. 1927-Charles
Augustus Lindbergh set down
"The SPIRIT of st. Louis" on lie Bour-
get Field, France, concluding perfectly
the first nonstop flight between the
United States and the continent OF
Europe.
Today Col. Lindbergh is a volun-
tary exile from his homeland and the
years between 1927 and the present
have been filled with events which
range from the highest aeronautical
and scientific achievement to the
deepest personal tragedy.
But while the great aviator may
have temporarily and reluctantly for
saken this country for reasons which
must draw the sympathy and under
standing of his compatriots, it does
not follow that Americans have for
gotten Lindbergh and his remarkable
accomplishments.
In fact, just the contrary Is true.
In the Smithsonian Institution his
plane, THE Spirit Of st. Louis" along
with an exhibit of the equipment used
by Lindbergh on his South American
flight, is, next to the cherry blossom
display, the most popular single point
of interest in the National Capital.
OF the countless thousands who come
to Washington each year, more want
to see THE Spirit of st. Louis" than
any other historical exhibit.
Not long ago survey among thou
sands of school children throughout
the country revealed that Of all the
Capitals countless points Of interest.
Evening star., 1937-05-15

"The Spirit Of ST. Louis" and the
Washington Monument were placed
first.
It is clear that Lindberghs fame Is
secure and permanent and that, not
able as his other achievements have
been. 1t is the glorious New York
Paris flight that the public finds un-
forgettable.
THE perfect execution Of the hop.
the high drama of the dangerous
one-man flight of $500 miles in 331a
hours, the disarming naivete OF the
slim, fair-haired youth who introduced
himself at lie Bourget as though the
whole world did not know who he was,
his remarkable lf-possession In the
face Of acclamation beside which a
Roman triumph was a puny thing
all of these have combined to make the
event Of May 20-21 true classic.
At the Smithsonian the crowds re-
live that epic. As they gaze up at
"The Spirit Of st. Louis" suspended
Evening star., 1937-05-15
REAL SUBSIDIES TO BE GIVEN
Chairman Kennedy of Maritime Commission Dynamo of Public
Service Commissioned to Put America High Seas and
Establish Fleet to Meet All Needs.

on within, staff of attorneys from
the P. w. A., r. F. c. and 40 LAWYERS
and experts borrowed from the Interior
and Post Office Departments are at
work on liquidation of the existing
mail contracts and preparation of the
new operating subsidy schedules which
will go into effect July l under the
requirements of the merchant marine
act of 1896.
The fixing of new subsidies presents
one of the major problems before this
corps OF experts 1t is also an historical
event, marking the first time that
Congress has spoken the word right
out in meeting and called subsidy
by its right name. This, of course,
was at the behest of the President,
who stated, Il propose that we end
this subterfuge," and added, IF the
Congress decides that it will maintain
a reasonably adequate American mer-
chant marine, believe that it can
well afford honestly to call subsidy
by its right name"
THE subsidies to be granted Amer
ican vessels will be designed to
balance the cost of operation and
Evening star., 1937-05-15

to ingenuity through malice inspired
by some real or fancied grievance.
In investigation of the embezzlement
of Government funds and mail mat
ter, the inspector is concerned with
postal employees, sometimes old ac-
quaintances, who, yielding to tempta-
ton, have fallen into habits of dis
honesty which cost them their stand
ing in their communities and bring
disaster to their families.
IN RARE instances, Of course, the
miscreant who violates rules for
using the postage stamp proceeds with
out any apparent basis of hope Of
success, as in the recent suit against
Clark Gable, in which a woman at
tempted to defraud him by threatening
him in letters Investigation in this
case was initiated by the Postal In
spection Service.
At least twice since mail began to
fly ghoulsh thefts of registered mail
have taken place at the scene Of
wrecked mail planes with bodies still
in the wreckage before officials ar
rived at the scene Of the crash. Once
after a crash diamonds and other
precious gems from burst package in
a registered mail sack were scattered
all over the terrain and the post
Office inspector rushed to the scene
and had to put men to work sitting
the surrounding dirt to recover val
liable jewels.
Although so few inspectors attend
to myriad duties, the thousands of
persons employed by the Post Office
Department are constantly pressed
into service to assist them. Even the
tiniest post Offices in remote spots
receive circulars and letters constantly
about watching certain mails when
known criminal is being sought.
Who Is his mother? His wife? His
sweetheart? He will probably write
to her eventually. A clew to his where
abouts, if not his actual address, often
will be found.
The general delivery window is
"hot spot" when the man presiding
there on routine duties has seen a
fugitive's picture or his description,
and no number of aliases can protect
Evening star., 1937-05-15

trade OF 1919, amounting to more
than 100000 gross tonnage. Since
1900 Great Britain has launched halt
Of the tonnage launched throughout
the world
Prior to the establishment of the
present Maritime Committee the
President caused to be appointed an
interdepartmental committee known
as the Committee on Shipping Pol
ICY" which recommended many new
provisions designed to rehabilitate the
merchant marine and correct exist
ing evils. In part many OF these sug-
gestions will be carried out, it is con-
sidered likely, by the present COM
mission, as they are directly in line
with the expressed desire of the Presi-
dent and with the recommendations
made by the Postmaster General after
the investigation of ocean mail con-
tracts.
One primary consideration, Of
course, in establishing a moderin feet
will be its conversion to military pur-
poses in time of war.
In the event of a major war"
remarked President Roosevelt in his
message to Congress, commenting
upon the necessity for an adequate
merchant marine, 'in which the
United States is not involved, our
commerce, in the absence OF an ade-
quate merchant marine, might find
itself seriously crippled because of its
inability to secure bottoms for neu-
trail, peaceful foreign trade.
In the event OF q war in which the
United States itself might be engaged,
American hagships are obviously
needed not only for naval auxiliaries
but also for the maintenance OF rea-
sonable and necessary commercial in
tercourse with other nations. We
should remember lessons learned in
the last war"
WE MIGHT, indeed, remember"
those lessons! We needed ships
then not only to move our commerce
but for use as naval transports and
auxiliaries. The Nation comman-
deered, seized, purchased, requisi-
toned and chartered ships wherever
Evening star., 1937-05-15

centage Of our cargo fleet, which has
been built during the last IL years.
Great Britain's merchant feet is
No. in tonnage, speed and age, while
the United States stands second in
tonnage, fifth in speed and eighth In
age
The age Of our merchant marine is,
as matter Of fact, one of our greatest
naval weaknesses. Since practically
all OF our vessels were rushed through
construction during the World War.
by the end Of l94l nearly 80 per cent
OF our foreign trade fleet will be more
than 20 years old. Congress has set
the age Of obsolescence of vessel at
20 years, SO if we are to carry out the
replacement program necessary for
the establishment and maintenance OF
permanently powerful merchant
marine, it is apparent we must imme-
diately embark upon definite plan
for replacement of this vast amount
OF tonnage. Except in the case of
tanker requirements, OF which about
25 are now under construction in
American yards, nothing has as yet
been done to accomplish this end.
TONNAGE under construction in
creased gradually in the United
States during 1929, 1890 and 1881, be-
cause of the merchant marine act
of 1923. But since 1881 merchant
ship construction has declined in this
country to the vanishing point. We
now stand ninth among principal
maritime nations in the tonnage un-
der construction.
The position Of other world powers
with respect to our own position on
the high seas, as measured by num-
ber of vessels engaged in maritime
commerce, may be interesting. Great
Britain is, in fact as we'll as poetry,
the ruler of the waves" when it
comes to her fleet. She heads the
list with 2,695 vessels. United States
comes next with 1859 vessels. Then,
in turn, Japan, with 624 vessels; Nor
way, 594; Germany, 498; France. SIG;
Italy, 444; Netherlands, 400. and
other nations, 1889 This gives a
total of vessels in the worlds ocean
Evening star., 1937-05-15

profits from oil wells located in
swamps or inclosing fake lottery tick
cts. Working quietly and preserving
anonymity as much as possible, $50
postal inspectors, stationed all over
the United States, have achieved as
tonishing results.
The figures speak for themselves.
During the fiscal year 1886, for ex-
ample, 3,459 convictions were secured
from 3,477 indictments out Of 1904
arrests on charges Of violating the
postal laWs-a phenomenal average
for an investigating body Of any kind
Postal inspectors are called the
cream" Of the whole postal service
and are selected from any branch of
the Post Office Department when they
have proved themselves men of initia-
tive, ready to take responsibility and
act with speed in emergencies. They
seldom carry guns, although they
may at their own discretion. They
use the resources of every investigat-
ing and law-enforcing body in the
country, as we'll as their own. They
may not be appointed inspectors when
younger than Is or older than 40,
but are chosen primarily from the 30s
INVESTIGATION of crimes such as
mail robbery and fraudulent use
Of the mails is only a part Of post
office inspectors duty. In addition
he is an executive who bargains for
leasing post Offices and supervises all
matters concerning organization, rout-
ing and personnel 1t is his duty to
see that postcards, letters and news
papers are delivered as promptly as
possible, at the lowest practical cost.
to all parts of the United States and
as far away as the Island Of Guam.
In fact. IS per cent OF the postal in
spector's work has nothing to do with
crime.
But when the postal inspector Is
on the trail Of man who must be
disciplined to respect the United
States mails, whether carried by dog
teams over hundreds Of unpopulated
miles in Alaska or by the airmail,
steamer, train or rural carrier along
country roads, he is q sleuth ready to
Evening star., 1937-05-15
By Vesfa Cum mingS.

Ut ISN'T the highwaymen and bur-
glars who reach deepest into their
countrymen's pockets each year
L it's the suave folk who talk their
fellow men out Of millions Of dollars
annually.
In only 81 out of 3,643 mail fraud
cases investigated during the fiscal
year 1886 more than $36 100000 was
flched from victims OF schemes rang
ing from stock and insurance rackets
to cures" for cancer and promises
Of increasing height in adults.
So say the postal inspectors Of
the United States, whose sworn duty
to keep the postage stamp honest leads
them TO adroit criminals, living ele-
gantly in splendid homes and hotel
suites. and swindling schemes that
would challenge the credence Of the
simple stick-up man.
At that. considering the record Of
convictions secured through the postal
inspection service, headed by Kildroy
P. Aldrich, chief inspector, only an
tndiscreet tongue today licks a postage
stamp intended for letter promising
Evening star., 1937-05-15

Continued on Page BID
Evening star., 1937-05-15

Continued on Page Bad
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1937-07-02
; ARE KILLED
BY FIREWORKS

NAMPA, Idaho, July 2 G.N.S0.
Authorities today blamed a lighted
firecracker, carelessly tossed aside,
for the explosion of drug store
window bin filled with fireworks
which brought death to three per-
sons and burns and injuries to
IL others.
Those killed by the terrific blast
were Mrs. Helen Daniels, 20;
Ardeice Povek, 9, and Katherine
Miller, 4.
Pelted and burned by fragments
of exploding firecrackers, roman
candles and SkyrocketS, a score of
customers ran screaming through
the barrage to the street.
The explosion late yesterday
wrecked the front of the store,
owned by E. Drake, and set fire
to an adjoining structure, where
patrons of a beauty shop jumped
to safey in firemen'S life nets.
Police held crowds back from
the danger zoEe of exploding fire
works until the blaze was eXtin-
guiShed.
A suffering firecracker, prob
ably tossed into the window dis
play by a child, was believed to
have caused the explosion.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1937-07-02
BY JOSEPHINE TIGHE

AT double long last something
has been found that is funnier
than a frog.
1t is a six weeks old grounding,
squatting on the pavement of one
of the busiest thoroughfares in
Washington and gobbling straw
berry ice-cream cone when it isn't
boiling a banana.
If you doubt the truth of this
statement, follow the crowds to
the HOO block of Fifteenth Street
and watch the performance. For
next door to the Episcopal Eye,
Ear and Throat Hospital, is the
small, basement delicatessan store
where Billy" the weat her
prophet, resides. He is owned by
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1937-07-02

'DG dI1IlOuIlCGO IdUS JOudy Ny bklC
nonintervention committee, it was
learned.
A definite rift developed when
italy and Germany turned down
q proposal that the British and
French alone patrol the Spanish
coast, and the two democratic ma.
tons rejected a new Fascist plan
which would abolish the naval
patrol entirely.
Call Situation Hopeless
The British, it was stated au-
thoritatively, have decided it is
hopeless to try to reach a compro-
mise, with the Germans and
Italians standing pat on their
plan, and the French, British and
Russians likewise refusing to
bulge.
The purpose of the meeting
called for this afternoon is merely
to draft a communique announc-
ing failure to agree. It is possible
that the British, at the last min
ute, may suggest that all sides
consider the situation for a few
more days and meet again before
formally abandoning the non-iu.
tervention pact.
Otherwise, Britain Immediately
will reserve freedom of action"
and issue a declaration of neu-
trality soon.
Russia OutspOken
With Britain already opposed to
granting belligerent rights, a step
which would permit creation of
naval blockadeS to the disadvan-
tage Of the loyaliSt government,
British and French members Of
the committee told Italy and Ger
many the principle of naval con-
troll must remain an integral part
Of non-intervention.
Russia was more outSpoken III
its opposition, its delegate, Ivan
Maisky, stating:
"The ItaIO- German plan Is
definitely unacceptable to the
SOvietS."
Fascist Powers Warned
Italy and Germany have been
warned bluntly that If non-inter-
vention breaks down, there is
more than a possibility France
will send a strong force to aid
the Valencia government.
Stiffening of the British atti-
tude in the past "a hours was
prompted by Premier Mussolini's
defiant notice to the world that
he would not withdraw Italian
volunteers from Spain, coupled
with Hitler's public admission
that Germany wanted British ore
sources in Spain.
SALAMANCA, Spain, July 2
QN.S0.-Still further insurge..t
successes in northern Spain were
reported today in an insurgent
ccmmuniQue.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1937-07-02

; Marvin H. Mcintyre, his secre-
tary, said the President had no
set engagements, leaving the Chief
Executive to explore his property,
swim in the pool at the Waikiki
cottage and entertain his neigh
borS.
BOettigers Off to West
Mr.. and Mrs. John Boettiger,
the Presidents Son.in-law and
daughter, motored to New York
today, ending their first visit East
in months. They will fly back to
Seattle late in the day. Mrs.
Roosevelt, the wives Of James and
Elliott Roosevelt, and John, young
est son, remained at the Hyde
Park house.
AS a guest of John, 21-year-old
Harvard undergraduate, was Miss
Ann Clark, of Providence, r. 1.
Rumor has it that this is the final
romance of the White House
family.
Joins With Tweedsmuir
Last night, the President joined
with Lord Tweedsmuir, governor
general Of Canada, in a radio
celebration of the SEVENTEEN an
niversary of Canadian confedera-
ton. Speaking over the radio
from his Hyde Park study, the
President called to 5000 miles of
unprotected border between the
two countries and asserted:
"This friendship between our
two peoples is secure from every
hazard Of destruction or mis-
understanding because 1t is
based upon a common aspira-
ton to maintain, to defend, and
to perpetuate the democratic
form Of constitutional repre-
sentative government"
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1937-07-02
MISS DEL RIO
SAVESCH|LD /

HOLLYWOOD, July 2 G.N.S).
Actress Dolores Del Rio was
credited today with diving in her
swimming pool and saving
Dolores Ellsworth. 2, daughter Of
the actress Stand-in, from drown
ing.
The child was standing beside
the swimming pool with Miss
Del Rio when she toppled in
while the actress had turned
away for a minute.
Hearing the splash, Miss Del
Rio dived in, brought the baby
to shore and then applied arti.
fetal resuscitation measures until
a doctor arrived.