davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1937-05-06
STARS, MEN AND ATOMS
Notebook of Science Progress in Field,
Laboratory and Study.
BY THOMAS R. HENRY

A rich bed of fossil bones of ancient
animals, one of the most significant yet
found in the Western Hemisphere, has
been uncovered In Southern Brazil by two
Harvard University paleontologists,
Llewellyn I. Price and Theodore E.
White.
The deposit, probably due to the trap
ping Of the primitive creatures in quick
sand, dates from the Triassic geological
period, early in the age Of dinosaurs.
The gigantic, hesh-eating reptiles Of
nightmares still were far in the future.
The reptile race was In the process Of
phibians, represented today by the frogs
and toads.
Out OF the reptiles, after millions Of
years, came the warm-blooded mammals
and, eventually, man. But from the
beginning Of the reptile race, there is
reason to believe, certain forms had 4
mammalian trend. Their feet were set
in the paths Of higher evolution, just
as the way of other forms was pre-
destined toward becoming birds, snakes
hllO 4llCl1 1CuldulS S1lOulO 1dfC
been present from the beginning.
The South American discoveries tie
into an exhaustive program carried on
for several years by the Harvard Museum
in searching for and studying the earliest
traces OF land animals in the Americas.
AS part Of this plan Price and White
already had made extensive excavations
in red clay beds in North Texas where
frAy 4%1 Tvs
the worlds oldest fossil egg.
The Triassic Immediately followed the
Permian geological epoch, which was
the hey-day of the great amphibians,
the earliest creatures to conquer the
dry land. Developed from the harder
amphibians, the Triassic reptiles were
the frst forms Of life able to live and
rear their young entirely removed from
the water. For millions of years the
descendants OF these pioneer land forms
In the gigantic dinousaurs. Then the
reptile regime abruptly ended, there
was long gap In the story Of life. and
the ascendancy.
The paleontologists were on an espe-
cial lookout for any mammal-like rep
VIC AOSSas. Ic COlu-UlOOUcQ AIlCcSLOT8
Of man and the other mammals which
were somehow equipped to survive the
conditions that eliminated most OF their
fellow reptiles, left relatively little evil
dence Of their progress on earth.
The Harvard scientists obtained some
Of the finest specimens yet secured Of
the cynodonts-one of the early off,
shoots OF the line which led to the
mammals. These were small, doglike
fiesh-eating reptiles. They also OBJ
tanned many specimens Of another
mammal-like family-the two tuskers, or
dicynodonts. These were peaceful liz
ards, about six feet long. They were
among the commonest reptiles Of the
Triassic period, but were rapidly killed
of, probably by their hesh-eating cyno-
don't relatives.
Many of the fossils brought back from
Brazil are of general type never be-
fore seen by man. One OF these, deli
cately boned lizard about is inches long,
belongs to the order of thecodonts, whose
evolution developed some Of the greatest
dinousaurs. Another specimen, m oddly
crushed reptile skull, is believed to have
belonged to q chasmatosaurid, . flesh.
eating alligator about II feet long.
Anothoe feature 6 tho aarvaSd col.
Evening star., 1937-05-06
Two Hundred a Month for
Those Fifty Years Old
To the Editor of The Star:

To the Editor OF The Star:
I am in Washington in the capacity
OF an American in the interest of the
American people and not as a partisan
In any sense. l feel in times like these
we should all be real Americans with the
interests of all at heart.
My home is in Covina, Calf, but I
have travelled around the United States
six times within the past year, studying
the wants and needs of the American
people.
At this particular time I am interview
ing the various Senators and Represent
atlVes IN Congress, or, rather, expressing
to them my ideas of the things l feel
should be done at this time to relieve in
many instances the intolerable condi-
tions we f1nd
In my opinion this is a very simple
matter if Congress will only see fit to
act
The merchants want to sell their goods
and the people want to buy them and
the only reason they don't buy them is
because they do not have the money.
Since the merchant cannot sell his
goods he will not buy more from the
manufacturer, and since the manufac-
turer cannot sell to the merchant he
slows up or stops his machinery. This
causes stagnation all along the line.
Now what can we do about it? We can
do the one simple thing to start the
wheels humming indefinitely, namely,
supply the only thing needed, which is
the wherewithal to buy. In other words,
the money.
am wanting the Government to issue
to every citizen so years of age and over
5000 a month as long as such citizen
shall live.
This money should be dated, and after
so days begin to depreciate, until it be-
comes worthless. Every one would alb
sorb the depreciation each day and it
would never be noticed
This would cause the money to circu-
late, prevent its boarding and stabilize
the American dollar as to volume and
value. Just imagine what it would mean
tomorrow II we found that every person
so years Of age and over possessed 5000
worth OF money that they had to spend.
I feel that we could then maintain
the highest standard Of living ever
known to man. ROLAND c. CASAD.
Covina, Calf.
Evening star., 1937-05-06
Judiciary Reform Plan
Not Unconstitutional

To the Editor Of The Star:
1t Is general knowledge that a vast
majority Of the American people are of
the opinion that corrective measure of
some kind is in order, now, for judiciary
reform, whether by increasing the men,
bers of the court or by amendments to
the Constitution.
The President is charged by the Con-
stltutlon with important legislative
duties, including the duty to advise the
Congress from time to time" of such
measures as he shall judge necessary
and expedient." 1t is clearly within the
scope of his Office to make such recon-
mendations which, in his judgment, will
advance the general welfare. The
Nation looks to him for leadership
az leader OF party, leader OF the Con-
gress and leader of people.
What does the President propose? An
enlargement OF the number of Supreme
Court members up to Is, but not more
than one for each justice remaining on
the bench after he has reached 70 years
Of age.
The intent being in principle to pro-
vide men of more vigorous health and
vigor, who are more abreast of the times
and conditions and therefore able to see,
read and understand the Constitution
and interpret the laws in keeping with
and in the light of present events.
John H. Clarke, only living retired
United States Supreme Court justice,
has stated that the judiciary reform
proposal Of the President is plainly with
in the powers granted to the Congress
and therefore constitutional So no
constitutional question is raised or in
volved in this case and many precedents
have been established heretofore for in
creasing the membership of the court.
WILLIAM E. WALTER.
Evening star., 1937-05-06
Condemnation of Medical
Profession Unwarranted
To the Editor Of The Star:

To the Editor Of The Star:
Periodically it appears that the Don
Qulxotes of the dog pound get their red
f1annels OF inspiration out of moth
balls and tallyho off on fox hunt. Such
Is their inalienable birthright and privi-
lege. l merely venture to protest that
the medical profession is tired Of being
their fox
With the dog exemption bill pending
before Congress, the public is bombarded
With urgent invitations to join the hue
ana cry. Under the guise of professed
love OF animals, many sadists sublimate
their masochistic urges in castigating
the medical profession for inhumane
practices OF which no fair-minded Jury
could f1nd them guilty.
Admittedly there is in our past histor-
1cal evidence to prove that there was
once need to arouse public sentiment
against the thoughtless and needless
cruelties of animal vivsection; but so
lar as modern, scientific medicine is
concerned, this issue is as dead and as
unworthy Of the scandal -monger's res.r-
rection as grave robbing," bleeding"
and "purging." Our history, like that OF
any other human ministry which strives
oo""N ESAASStAoAA CAAOuku GIlc SdCTl.
ficial ritual OF trial and error, is not free
OF dlsnguring scars. Our past gives manv
unfortunate and regretted evidences Of
grievous error, for which we are sincerely
sorry and which we are striving with
equal honesty and sincerity to remedy
and propitiate. These are demonstrable
facts we would be most foolish to DENY.
Yet II society, after generations of crit
1cal observation, still trusts the medical
profession with the sacred and fragile
lives of its children, is in presumption on
our part to ask society to trust us with
the discipline and the probity of our own
professional households? Will it not in
fair-minded justice credit our profession
with a moral integrity and spiritual
Wholesomeness equal to your own? Is it
unreasonable to beg of you to cease
generallzing and cite time and place Of
these alleged atrocities? You cry for
justice and vengeance, yet the very word
and tenor Of your petition is reproach
to even the most primitive concept of
equity and fair play. After all, doctors
love animals too, and we are Just as
sensitive to the inhumanity of cruelty.
and just as quick to enjoin it as you ever
thought of being.
THOMAS E. MATT1NGLY, M. D.
Evening star., 1937-05-06
The Fascist Alliance.

1talo-German relations, embedded in
common ldeology and ambitions, have
been strengthened by this weeks con-
ferences between Premier Mussolini and
Foreign Minister Won Neurath. They
agreed upon intensified collaboration
between the Fascist relationships in the
political, military, economic and cultural
fields. The understanding is to be ex-
tended to Austria and Hungary, already
semi-allied with Italy by the Rome
protocols of 1884. There is thus in
process of formation a solid bloc of
states, all under dictatorial rule in
one form or another, stretching from
the North Sea straight across Gen.
tral Europe to the Mediterranean.
Though such a purpose will be stoutly
denied, the formidable grouping has all
the earmarks of an answer alike to
British rearmament and to the combina-
ton of force and interests represented
by Britain, France and Russia. France
has special cause for anxiety respecting
communication with her eastern allies,
Czechoslovakia and the Soviet Union,
while two members of the pro-French
Little Entente, Yugoslavia and Rumania,
under agreements completed or in pros
pect, show signs of gravitating toward
Italy.
Current discussion between the Fascist
powers can hardly have ignored the
Spanish war. They are said not to see
eye to eye about it. Germany inclines
to believe that compromise is desirable,
with a view to letting Frances allies get
out OF the mess as soon as possible and
with minimum loss of dignity. Mussolini
is credited with holding that the rebels
must win at least one smashing victory
before they can afford to quit. Appar-
emily the decision is to await the in
surgents' next great effort. If it fails,
they will be advised to seek the best
terms obtainable. Franco is expected
to launch his supreme drive before the
end Of May. Italo-German investment
in his cause has failed to produce antici-
pated dividends. There is no likelihood
that either Mussolini or Hitler bankers
to prolong the speculation.
By coincidence or design, the puppet
Italian Parliament signalized the entente
with Germany by approving a record
national defense budget of 5,5O0,0O0 900
lire. The navy spokesman declared that
the Fascist fleet henceforth would be
an "ocean-going navy" rather than one
confined to the Mediterranean. The
military representative added that Italy
Is building an army designed to paralyze
an enenly's advance and win the war
In the shortest possible time"
1t is now clear that the Fascist auto
Gratis have determined to grid their joint
loins for action and prepare themselves
by expansion of their military, naval and
political power to present an iron front
against the elements that stand for
democracy and liberalism, as opposed to
the totalitarian cult. Europe assumes,
IN consequence, more than ever the
aspect Of an armed camp and house
tmplacably divided against itself.
Evening star., 1937-05-06
THIS AND THAT
BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL.

Some good peoples idea Of nature
study seems to be to note all the pathetic
and cruel happenings to the exclusion
OF anything else.
II their notes concern animals, they
are filled with accounts of cruelty thereto;
II birds, Of baby birds lost and devoured;
II fishes, Of the many ailments these
creatures msy have, and accounts Of their
last moments.
All these things form one side OF Ma
ture, 1t is true, but to devote more time
to them than to the happy sides is to
run the risk Of many newspaper, which
SO fills It's columns with war, blood and
crime that casual reader might get the
impression that nothing else exists in
this world.
In regard to bird life, in particular, the
happy moments seem so far to outnum-
ber the unhappy that the observer may
feel that he is being strictly honest In
accenting them.
This Is well; for there is no happier
appearing thing than bird, none whose
bright covering so suggests happiness.
Let the trained ornithologist observe
the facts of life.
1t is his business.
Let him put them all down truthfully,
because he must.
Let amateur observers be pleased that
nothing demands they should put all
down.
Their pleasant duty is to cherish the
beauty, the grace, the happy elements Of
bird life, and be glad that so few OF the
other elements will be found.
1t is really an amazing thing how few
instances of illness, death, cruelty one
will meet in years observations Of our
feathered friends
They are so few and far between, in
fact, that one almost gets the idea that
these creatures are immune to the CON-
mon frailties Of life.
This is the inspiring way to look at
birds, and it is the way the sensible anna
teur intends to keep on looking at them.
He will find, If he does so, that real
fortitude for the inevitable in human
life is built up. that he becomes philos-
opher, in little, stole, one who is able
to get faith and refreshment from crea-
lures which do both toll and spin. yet
somehow manage to convey that theirs
is different life and fate than ours.
We seldom see them Ill, unless we cage
eA1SAAA' NAAASAA VIC 1lCFCl SIiOuIu uO, IL we
can help it. Even then the cage should
be as large as possible. And there is
much to commend in the plan of the pro-
lessor who allows his canary friends the
complete freedom Of his home. Not feas-
lble, perhaps, in the average home but
how wonderful for the birds, if it we're!
Not only do birds at large seem immune
to illness. but they strike the average
observer a immortal
This feeling, OF course, is based mostly
on incomplete observation, due to the
plain fact that few wild birds of the same
species are distinguishable one from the
other.
This is soothing thing to the OBJ
server who likes to cherish the belief that
somehow they represent the world of life
as 1t ought to be. rather than as it is.
A dozen male cardinals are In the
garden today, and if there are a dozen
there tomorrow, the observer cannot be
sure that they are, or that they are not,
the same birds.
He must accept the life of his bird
friends as he finds It,
This life brings them, as specimens, to
Evening star., 1937-05-06
MIR. Huff's APPOINTMENT,

The selection Of Ray L. Huff to be
superintendent of District penal insti-
tutions represents the result of long
and painstaking search by the Board
OF Public Welfare and the Commissioners
for the man best qualified by training
and experience for an exacting Job. The
appointment thus represents an appli-
cation of the merit principle for which
the Commissioners are to be commended.
Many able candidates have been con-
sidered and some Of them have possessed
influential backing. The appointment OF
Mr.. HUH was not the easiest way out
OF tight race, but 1t was governed On.
tirely, one may believe, By the ComuaiS-
Evening star., 1937-05-06

his grass, his trees, his bird houses, his
feeding stations, but they do not appear
as specimens, but as group.
This, no doubt, is the secret.
That is why feeding the birds, not
only through stations provided for them,
but also through the use OF berried
shrubs, Is the one best procedure, since
1t brings to the garden birds, not bird.
The observer sees the community Of
birds, not just one bird here, another
bird there; he learns, at least In this
little, to look beyond the individual to
the tribe; he finds the best part Of
communal living, not the worst part; he
saves himself from the tragedy of the
little by watching the triumph Of the
large
Is that not what dictator does, saving
himself at the expense of his people?
Only the scientist will 60 to the trouble,
for a very definite purpose, OF banding
his birds.
Unless one does so one never will
recognize the same bird twice with this
exception-that the specimen have some
particular individuality, either In song or
marking.
A good instance Of the latter is the
English sparrow, called here. from time
to time, by the name of Whitley.
II we shall see Whitley no longer, we
snail lament, but she turns up every now
and then to sample seed on the driveway
beneath the maple and to make us sure
that birds life, at least, is never ending.
How long do birds live In the wild?
We have seen statements ranging all
Vro fr0v -
our honest belief is that nobody really
knows how long they live.
1t is the same with fishes How long
Will fish live In an aquarium? One
authority says the specimens in one great
public aquarium live, on the average,
about 18 months. That is cross section,
merely, of all the specimens.
Many home aquarium enthusiast has
had an individual specimen, say of the
three-spot Gourami, which has lived
peacefully and happily for at least five
years.
Bird life undoubtedly strikes an OBJ
server as peculiarly happy because he Is
saved from the knowledge Of individual
specimens.
In addition, he actually will see few In
stances of illness, death and cruelty
among the birds
Unless of course, he is unfortunate, or
possesses the type Of mind which cher
ishes such things.
1t Is the same with the aquarium.
People who have little interest in fishes,
who know nothing about their handling
in the tank, invariably spot the one dead
fish, and point 1t out, both visibly and
audibly, although there may be a thou
sand beautiful live ones swimming
around.
This nettles the owner of a fine bat
terry of tanks, specimen aquariums which
merit all the applause and attention in
the world, but which are passed over by
the amateur observer for one dead fish
left behind plant.
Bird life, in the open, under the
heavens. has so much of happiness in it,
and so much more OF seeming happiness,
that he is somewhat blinded person
who will cherish the few unhappy things
he may observe, and not keep in mind
gratefully all the fine songs, the beauty.
the light and love of the everyday life Of
his feathered friends.
Evening star., 1937-05-06
The Juvenile Court Bill.

Few local bills in recent years have
undergone more careful scrutiny at the
hands OF committees OF Congress than
the bill to modernize the Juvenile Court,
on which the Senate District Committee
has just ordered favorable report. AS
the bill has passed the House and is now
on the Senate calendar, the prospects
for its enactment at this session are
bright. While this represents some
thing Of victory for the men and
women who have advanced the merits
OF the legislation at every opportunity
and defended it against 50 much un-
informed criticism, it is believed that the
real victory has been won by many boys
and girls OF the future who through its
provisions, may escape the stigma Of
"juvenile delinquent"
1t Is time that such q victory were
won. There have been too many "juve-
nile delinquents" marked for life, per-
haps led into crime instead Of out OF it,
by bungling treatment OF the super
flcial symptoms Of juvenile delinquency
rather than discovery OF the cause and
careful attempt to remove it.
Six years ago Mayor Hague Of Jersey
City was shocked and then righteously
angered by his discovery that about
600 children in his city were being sent
every year to correctional institutions by
the antiquated machinery then existing.
Each one OF these children, it is certain,
was protected to the fullest as far as
constitutional rights" were concerned.
But, just the same, they were being
branded as young criminals and many
Of them were forced by circumstance to
live up their regulations.
Last year less than thirty-six children
Evening star., 1937-05-06
Flood Danger Is Greater
Than the Hazard of Fire
To the Editor of The star:

To the Editor of The Star:
Shortly the Forestry Service and the
Soil Conservation Bureau will engage in
an argument. The former will want to
eliminate all loose leaves brush, rotting
and decayed trees, etc. The latter will
want to conserve these leavings Of
nature rs means Of absorbing and i'm
pounding water to prevent erosion. Both
sides have logical arguments, but 1t
would seem that the nood damage and
danger would outweigh that OF fre.
Mount Holly, W..
MARK 8. WILLING.
Evening star., 1937-05-06
COatless Musicians During
Summer Band Concerts
To the Editor of The Star:

To the Editor of The Star:
Now that the Summer concerts are
about to start, why not move to let
these splendid musicians discard their
coats during the hot weather. 1t is a
sin and shame that these fine musicians
have to sit and swelter in their coats
tight around their necks while the
listeners are uncomfortably hot without
their coats. Some years back they wore
q white duck uniform, but now they wear
those heavy coats that they wear during
the cool weather all Summer. am sure
the audience would enjoy the concerts
noeo, toa g. ]. WILKINSON.
Evening star., 1937-05-06

Fishing has been a sort of rite since
the days of Egypts mythical man fish,
Dagon. AS soon as the waters subside,
the small boy may expect to resume his
Springtime quest of catfish in the Tidal
Basin undisturbed by contractors with
sand barges seeking to coin patriotism
into speculative dollars.
Evening star., 1937-05-06

1t is feared that Gear" Hays will
have the problem Of his life on hand if
a Hollywood strike goes so far as to call
OH lipstick rehearsals and require screen
beauties to introduce note of novelty
by being themselves once In q while,
Evening star., 1937-05-06

In short time some Of the worlds s
most eminent college professors will be
too busy marking examination papers
to give full-time attention to supervi-
sion of the United States Government.
Some of those commencement essays
are worth examining. They may contain
the ideas on which future campaign
platforms will be based.
Evening star., 1937-05-06

While Homer Cummings is having his
court troubles in this country, he may
envy the dignity, secure and serene, with
which court presentations are conducted
abroad.
Evening star., 1937-05-06
Willing to Try.

Prom the Illinois state journal.
Civilizations which develop leisure
can't survive, declares Prof. J. B. Nash
OF New York University. At that, there
are times when we would like to see the
experiment given . tryout
Evening star., 1937-05-06
Endarment.

Have you endeared yourself to the
people?"
I'm one sense Of the word" answered
Senator Sorghum, I'm afraid I have
Some folks out home are saying that
legislation have helped to put through
Evening star., 1937-05-06

It has been suggested that Aviatrix
Earhart is some sort OF psychic" but
not to an extent to divert her attention
to crystal globe when she ought to be
observing the instrument board.
Evening star., 1937-05-06

More discipline is limited at for i'm
petuous youth, even to the extent of
reviving sessions in the wood shed for
benefits OF the old-fashioned strap tease.
Evening star., 1937-05-06

A congressional conference may at
times have to be approached with less
genial assurance than 4 press confer
ence as to what is said OF the record.
Evening star., 1937-05-06
Urban Refuse.

From the Battle Greek Enauirsr-Nevs.
A skeleton was found on 4 New York
street. Well, it's Spring housekeeping
time and quite number of closets are
undoubtedly being cleaned out.