davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1937-01-10
Spain
Continued From First Page)

mite proposals for control of Spanish
frontiers.
The belief had grown that Britain
and France were preparing effectively"
to intervene in the Spanish civil war,
fearful Of German activity in Spanish
Morocco.
The foreign Office was ordered on
week end duty to study the new prob
lem, regarded as menace to Britain's
Gibraltar naval base and to French
Moroccan tranquility.
The cabinet met for an hour today,
after an emergency session last night,
presumably to discuss the German
Invasion knowledge Of which was
denied officially in Berlin) and the
reported construction of elaborate
Notifications under Nazi direction
across from Gibraltar.
Formal Denial Made.
The Nazi government issued formal
denial tonight that German troops
were penetrating" Morocco or that
German troops were in either Spain
or Spanish Morocco.
The statement was issued by the
official German news agency for use
abroad and was not published in Ger
many.
I'm view of reports abroad about
alleged German penstration in Span
ish Morocco, the German news agency
Is authorized to state there are no
German troops in Spain or Spanish
Morocco" the statement read.
Reports in France and Britain are
described as renewed attempt at the
worst kind Of poisoning Of nterna-
Evening star., 1937-01-10
France and Germany at Odds
Ouer Morocco Rule Since 1904
Famous "Agadir Incident in 1911 Al.
most Brought World Var Three
Years in Advance.

That year brought a new Franco
German incident. Six deserters from
the French Foreign Legion-three of
whom were Germans-were arrested
by French officers. They had safe
conduct passes from the German
consul
Germany demanded an expression of
regret from France. The case went
to The Hague Court of Arbitration,
which rendered a decision generally
favorable to France.
Again the two countries reached an
agreement recognizing Frances spe-
cial political interests and continuance
Of economic equality.
Then came a new revolt of Moroc-
can tribesmen, who finally beseiged
Fee In March, 1911. Foreign consuls
and the Sultan himself asked for help.
A French detachment raised the siege
and Spain occupied new territory by
force.
Suddenly the bomb exploded. The
German gunboat Panther arrived be-
fore the town Of Agadir TO protect
German interests" That was the
famous "Agadir incident"
Britain Backs France.
Germany and France appeared to be
on the brink of war But powerful
Great Britain again lined up with
France against the granting OF any
political rights to Germany in Mo-
rocco.
France and Germany finally signed
a new treaty November 4, 1911. Ger
many recognized Frances right to oc-
cupy some points, by agreement with
the Sultan's regime, and to act as the
Sultan's medium in foreign relations.
The treaty amounted to the estab-
lishment Of French protectorate
over Morocco, with the exception of
the Spanish zone. In exchange. Ger
many got large piece of the French
Congo in tropical Africa.
When the World War came Germany
conducted propaganda against the
French protectorate from the Spanish
zone. and Moroccan chiefs reported to
have been in German pay battled un-
successfully against French domina-
ton.
Evening star., 1937-01-10
LOST.

LOST.
COACH DoG; puppy; male; white, black
tail, D. c. tag 7s44; lost Friday pm. on
klns si1 St. Alex Liberia! rewaTd Notify
Aisxanfrla h police sd.WE or fs t43 Illinois ave.
DOG. Doberman Pinscher, black body bob
tailed. Milwaukee tags. Reward. 6SO5
Laurel st. NV. Georcia 1890
ENGLISH SETTER. black and white an
5wers Ssn,s to nams pal has eolsT With
GLASSES. rim!ess. white gold; Edmonds
18th 18th snsi,s snd Eye sIsn snd 4"o 9Th st. Miss
GOLD PIN with diamond in center. around
18th and G. sts. NV. Friday afternoon
sift of dead mother. Cleveland 2a3s.
HANDBooKs black brief case and cloth
Ing; lost from car on 9th at G SITS. ne.
Thursday night, Communicate $50 9th
st. ne. Reward.
Keys KEY % on chain THURSDAY evening at
Building
KEYS in Old House Office Bldg. on Fri
gay; " W. Ball. n 9TH st. ne. Allan
TGcnity cs afpTH Potomae eaneF S eGataner Apl ST
Sunday after nm.
NOTARY sEAL-.Thursday evening. Re-
Sssrd' ssGd or E;l,.ic Same s cosimano. Adams
POCKETBOOK-Blsck patent leather on H
St; NV. between 18th and 10Th containing
billfold identification card. Rouse Re-
ward. Lincoln a115.
PRICE BOOK. leather-covered about SKIS.
3 rings, gold and black label on cover.
1877 Crittenden st. NV
PUPPY; part Spitz. black and gray: NEIGH
borhood 18th and You NV, Reward.
1919 You st. NV. North 35S1.
envelopes with articles of sentimental
value. diplomatic Identification card and
money between the Carlton and Shoreham
money. Reward Mr. Takase. japanese
PURSE small brown: vicinity 14th and
Goi; I'd; bills and key. Reward. 1912
SCOTCH TERRIER, black. no tag We'd
nesday evening Chevy Chase. Md Re
ward. Call Wisconsin 569..
sCoTT1E DOG wearing plaid collar and
Reward Robert W. 4. Rod Rodger' Ssneare care Of
Ge9rse Edelin,. Investment Bldg. wash,
SHEEP DOG tshort-nosed colliel. Dec: %:
faWn. with white collar, chest. feet, tip of
tail: small black streak on top of tail:
children heartbroken. 3634 Jocelyn st.
NV. Cleveland :3342. Wore harness and
d. c. tag.
SLIDE RULE. in taxicab Reward. North
O935. Ext 401.
WRIST WATcHEEMan,s Movado: corner
.S5th and Macomb sts. W. early Satul day
morning Reward. Clev. 4a1S
WRIST WATCH, lady's Hamilton. vicinity
14th TO 10Th. Spring rd. TO Park rd NV.
reward. Apt. Ala $500 14th st. NV.
Adams 5"90-J
WRIST WATCH diamond platinum. be-
tween "1st and 23rd. on Pa ave NV. Fri
cay noon Liberal reward. Phone Met 1922
Evening star., 1937-01-10
25,0)O NAz|S HELD :
FIGHTING IN SPAIN
Hitler Also Has Spent $780,
100000 on War, Private
Sources Say.
By the Associated Press.

oy tne hSSOClateQ ITeSS.
BERLIN, January 9.-Chancellor
Adolf Hitler. hoping for colonies and
raw materials. has dispatched $4,000
to $4,000 volunteers to aid Spanish
Fascists and spent Sl80000,00O on
the civil war, private advices said to-
night.
There were official denials of Ger
man assistance to Fascist Gen. Fran
cisco Franco, and Berlin spokesmen
declared no knowledge of reported
military and commercial activity In
Spanish Morocco.
But private German sources de-
clared Hitler had advised Franco to
hasten and capture Madrid by jan
uary Is, and that his detectives in
the war we're return Of World War
lost colonies. mining concessions in
Spain or its possessions. and eco
nomic aid from other European
powers.
Numerous assertions were heard
privately that at least $4,000 men
have gone to the Fascist front, these
assertions broken only by usually re-
liable informants who placed the fig
ure at $4,000 men.
One reliable person, close to au-
thoritative sources of information,
placed the cost of the civil war to
Germany at 100000 900 marks. which
he said was approved when Nazi
leaders saw a good chance of Fascist
victory.
About 10000 of the German volun-
teers were said to be regular Reich
soldiers. the rest labor and youth or
ganizers, and miners dispatched to
work in mines in Morocco and Spain.
Franco has asked a minimum OF
10000 men. informed persons said,
and Gen. Wilhelm Faupel Nazi Am.
bassador to the Spanish Fascist gov
eminent, was reported reliably to
have estimated the force necessary at
10000 men.
Evening star., 1937-01-10
U.S.PEACE EFFORTS
PRAISED BY S|BLEY
Head of U. S. Chamber
Lauds Work of Roosevelt
and Hull.
Hy the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
ALBANY. N Y. January 9~Harper
Sibley of Rochester, president OF the
Chamber of Commerce of the United
States. paid tribute in an address
here tonight to the real contribu-
ton of leadership of President Roose-
welt and Secretary of State Hull to
promote peace.
Speaking at the annual dinner Of
the Albany Chamber of Commerce.
Sibley said that at the memorable
conference at Beunos Aires" which he
attended ''the American republics
have given the world a demonstra-
ton of deep-seated insistence on peace.
Here was no group of suspicious
statesmen of Latin descent on the
one hand, and of imperially minded
Anglo-Saxon representatives of
colossus of the North on the other
he continued, but rather syma-
thetic, single -purposed gathering Of
statesmen from the whole sweep of
countries in North and South and
Central America and the Caribbean,
seriously and Loyalty working to
constructive end"
Evening star., 1937-01-10
5000 NAZIS TO LAND.
France Learns Troops Will Reach
Morocco Today.

morocco TOday.
PARIS. January 9 (Pl.-A new con-
tingent of 5000 German troops will
land tomorrow. France heard tonight
in Spanish Morocco, focal point Of
European war fears
Alarmed by the reports and deter
mined to invoke military action against
German activity in Morocco If neces-
sary. officials sought formal confirma-
tion of the movement of troops which
we're said to be from Munich barracks
and aboard Nszi transport ships.
The French Atlantic fleet moved
into Moroccan waters. The cruiser
Colbert. "in the Western Mediter-
ranean," carried Naval Minister AL
phonse Gasnier-du Pare and Vice Ad-
miral Jean Darlan. chief of the navy
general staff, on inspection duty.
In French Morocco, Resident Gen.
August Nogues took over command of
100000 troops. ready for any emer-
gency"
Native workmen. reports reaching
Paris said, were working feverishly
to throw up barracks at Ceuta for the
expected German detachment.
The workers were said to be as
sembling large quantities of food and
general stores. Ten German officers
of high rank, the reports added. in
Spected the frontier bordering French
Morocco and returned to Tetuan as
guests of the Spanish Fascist COM
mand.
Convinced diplomatic protests to
Fascist insurgents will not halt re-
ported incursion of the Spanish Mo-
roccan zone by German troops and
Nazi commercial interests. a foreign
Office spokesman said France would go
to any length to protect her adjacent
North African territory.
Both French and Spanish Socialist
spokesmen declared here the Valencia
government would put no obstacle in
the road to Intervention should Ger
many attempt to land larger bodies
of troops in Morocco.
THE Valencia government would
be only too pleased" both French and
Spanish spokesmen said.
France Holds Protectorate.
A resume of treaties in force, issued
by the foreign Office, said France was
given protectorate Of the whole
farmer Rif11an empire in an accord
with the Sultan of Morocco in 1912.
During the same year France signed
an accord with Spain. giving Spain a
"zOne of influence" in the African
territory.
This accord stipulated Spain could
not ALLEVIATE or cede in any form,
even temporary, her rights in all or
part Of the territory comprising her
zone of influence"
Both French and Spanish Socialist
interpretations were that the reported
Evening star., 1937-01-10

women and children must leave the
city Immediately.
Government planes sought to ham,
per the insurgent advance by bomb
ing Fascist positions near Casa de
Campo Park, just across the Man.
zanares River to the west Of Madrid.
and the town Of Aravaca, Z miles to
the northwest.
(The Fascist high command an
nounced capture of Aravaca by an in
surgent force pressing toward Madrid
from Las Rozas. Government de-
tenders lost heavily in the fight, the
Fascist statement said.
(The conquest of the town was be-
lieved to have brought relief to the
two insurgent forces nearer Madrid
in University City and in the Casa
de Campo-as government artillery
men in Aravaca had been shelling
those besiegers.
(Fascist estimates placed the gov
ernment dead at more than 1000 in
the last week Of fighting along the Ell
Escorial Highway, on which Aravaca
Is situated)
Cruiser Bombed.
Reports from Bilbao said govern
ment airplanes dropped several bombs
on the insurgent cruiser Canarias.
Bilbao also reported clash at sea be-
tween number of Socialist gunboats
and the inSurpent cruiser Valasco ond
an insurgent gunboat. After several
shots had been exchanged the Fascist
ships fed.
The defenders of Madrid were
heartened by the results of today,s
fighting. which they said had stopped
any further Fascist advance on the
Aravaca front. In the Guadarrama
sector the insurgent artillery shelled
Algora. Socialist artillery retaliated
by shelling Cerro and San Cristobal.
ESCADr SIIRMADVNE
Evening star., 1937-01-10
BY the Associated Press.

The clash of German and French
interests in Morocco-the scene Of
present reported activity by German
troops and warships-almost brought
on the World War three years in ad-
vance.
The story goes back at least to 1904,
when France "disinterested" herself
In Egypt and Great Britain gave up
any thought Of Intervention In Mo-
rocco.
At that time France declared the
Moroccan government recognized
Frances right to "see to the tram
quality Of the country and to lend 1t
her assistance for all the admins
trative, financial and military reforms
1t is in need Of
Then France and Spain signed a
treaty recognizing the special rights"
OF each other in two zones Of Mo-
rocco.
Germany was left out, although she
claimed special interests in the North
African region.
Germany Steps In.
Russia and Japan were fighting in
the Far East and Germany took ad-
vantage Of the opportunity Kaiser
Wilhelm lat the wish Of Chancellor
Prince Bernhard Won Bulow-landed
at Tangier. Morocco. March 81. 1905,
and informed the Sultan's representa-
tive Germany considered the country
completely independent
That action brought about the Alge-
ciras conference of 1906, with Britain
supporting France and Austria sec
onding Germany. The delegates
agreed on the economic International
ization Of Morocco. under the Sultan s
rule. with commercial equality for
all-but Germany recognized Frances
special position"
Even during the parley Germany
won from the Sultan the concession
to build up the port of Tangier. which
earlier had been promised to French
company.
The killing Of a French citizen in
1907 caused French troops to rush to
Morocco and then nine European
workmen were slain at Casablanca.
There was heavy fighting between
French and Moroccan troops, but quiet
was restored in 1908.
Evening star., 1937-01-10
Ei,stein's Crauitati0n analysis
Nav ExpIai, Ne,v atomic Force

these atomic gravitational waves close
to their center.
Radiation Form Different.
The Einstein gravitation waves are
conceived to be entirely different from
any present known form of radiation
are electromagnetic waves, and all Of
them travel with the speed of light.
Light itself is an electro magnetic
wave, the lengths of its waves ranging
from a twenty-five thousandth of an
inch for red light down to around to
sixty-five thousandth for violet light.
Radiant heat Is made of similar
electromagnetic waves, all longer
than light rays or waves. Among
these heat waves, the infra-red rays
act like light in being able to produce
Photographic images.
Longer than heat waves. beginning
at something under half an inch long,
are radio waves. These, too, are
electro and the longest in
regular use are about 10000 miles
each.
Snorter tnan ngnt ray waves are
X-rays, down to a few -millionths
of an inch each, radium waves and
shortest of all-cosmic rays. But
without exception all are electro
magnetic.
Began Work in 1917.
Prof. Einstein for years has been
trying to figure out mathematically
the nature of gravitation. He began
this work around 191.. Nearly 10
years ago he published papers showing
that there Is probably some connection
between electro-magnetism and gravi-
tation.
But his gravitational waves as now
described are not due to electro-mag-
netism in any direct way. They are
due to the mass. of the object or
substance which radiateS-. them. .-.
Evening star., 1937-01-10
ITALY ADDS 15PCT. !
|. TO MILITARY FUND.
Budget Adopted by Cabinet
Creating Deficit of $685..
100000.
By the Associated Press,


ROME, January 9-An increase Of
Is per cent in military appropriations
was approved today by the cabinet,
which adopted budget creating
deficit of about sl68, 100000.
Italy's military expenditure for the
fiscal year beginning next July was
set at 100000 lire-more than
S293, ,000 000-an increase of more
than 700000,0O0 lire over the current
years figure, fixed while the Italo-
Ethiopian war was at its height.
The air force, on which Premier
given the major share of the increase,
amounting to nearly 80 per cent.
The whole budget totaled 23,769,-
SAT ,l58 lire-about S1.260 900, 900. Re-
ceipts we're estimated at 20,596,595,-
AIS lire-about 1902 .000, 900.
Over Fifth of Budget.
The total for military expenses was
more than one-fifth of the whole
budget. divided as follows:
Army ,491 100000 lire (about
sl32, 900 ,OO0D.
Navy-1,7s2 900 900 lire (about ss4.-
100000.
Air force-1,25o, 100000 lire (about
66,25o,OOO.
The colonial budget was nearly
quadrupled following Italy's Ethio-
plan conquest. 1t was set at 1914
333 ,954 lire, compared with 408, ,344,-
400 lire for the current year.
The military and colonial increases
accounted for two-thirds of the esti-
mated deficit of 3,172,95l.743 lire
(about 100000.
Last years budget showed slight
surplus and the cabinet stated that
gradual business recovery" probably
would bring about increased receipts
to take care of part of the deficit.
Racial Purity Law.
Premier Mussolini's determination
that colonization of Ethiopia shall not
produce a race of half-breed Italo-
Ethiopians was reflected in a law ap-
proved by the ministers providing
penalties for Italians convicted Of hav-
ing intimate relations with Ehiopians
The law spoke of the undeniable
necessity of protecting the race from
the promiscuity to which 1t might be
subjected as consequence Of coloni-
cation"
Another cabinet-approved law en-
powered the government to issue de-
crees for the conduct of war and the
maintenance of neutrality"
Grain Purchases Necessary.
Well-informed persons predicted the
budget deficit may be made more seri-
GUS because of a wheat shortage which
will necessitate purchase of the grain
from abroad.
Although Italy has begun increased
sowing of wheat. agricultural experts
predicted the quantity this year would
be about 80 per cent below the average
of the last three years and would be
of poorer quality.
The shortage will amount to about
100000 tons, these sources said The
annual consumption is about $500 900
tons.
Evening star., 1937-01-10
ARMY FLYING SUBJECT
Air Corps Reserve Officers Discus
sion Tuesday Night.

Modern military aircraft will be dis
cusSed at the January conference Of
local Army Air Corps Reserve officers
at 8 pm Tuesday in the Air Corps
projection room, Munitions Building.
There will be an informal discus
sion of the subject following a pres
entation by Capt. Jack c. Hodgson.
Air Corps. operations officer at Boiling
Field, who will act as instructor.
Evening star., 1937-01-10

tional relations and a product of
overexcited imaginations.
These reports are apparently the
work of certain circles who now re-
gard it their task to circumvent i'm
provement of the Spanish question.
for which the way has been prepared
by the German and Italian notes (ex-
pressing willingness to ban volunteer
enlistments If other nations did also).
1T would be interesting to estab-
lish who these men behind the scenes
are-who won't halt at any methods
or expense to disturb Europes peace"
The denial used the term German
troops" and did not mention vol
unteers."
Evening star., 1937-01-10
FATHER OF D. c. WOMAN
DIES IN NEW JERSEY
A. W. Strong, 81, Was Civil En-
gineer in Chicago-Had
Lived Here Recently.

Asahel Whitman Strong. 81. a civil
engineer in Chicago for most of his life.
died Friday at the home of his son,
Paul A. Strong. in Haddonfield. N. j.
Mr. Strong had been living here re-
Gently with his daughter. DR.. Helen M.
Strong. 3l33 Connecticut avenue, for
merly geographer of the Bureau Of
Foreign and Domestic Commerce and
lately with the National Resources
Committee and the Soil Conservation
Committee.
Mr. Strong also leaves another
daughter. Ethel Strong Bliss. OF Port
land, Greg. and another son. Arthur
P. Strong, of Oak Park. III. Funeral
services will be held tomorrow in Pill
grim Congregational Church. Oak Park,
followed by interment there.
Evening star., 1937-01-10
ESCAPE SUBMARINE.
To Socialist Merchantmen Fired on
on Mediterranean Coast.


VALENCIA, Spain, January 8 (P.-
Two Spanish merchant vessels flying
the flag of the Socialist regime today
narrowly escaped being torpedoed by q
submarine of the Mediterranean
coast, the ministry of marine an
nounced tonight.
Both ships were carrying foodstuffs
from Marseille to Alicante. The Villa
Madrid encountered the submarine of
Culera. The submersible fired one
torpedo, which narrowly missed. The
steamer changed her course and
docked at Valencia.
The new motorship Ciudad de
Barcelona reported meeting sum-
marine at almost the same place. Two
torpedoes were fired, but both went
wide. The motorship continued at
full speed and reached Alicante.
The crews of two steams said they
did not know the nationality of the
submarine. but believed it was Of
type which the insurgents were not
known to possssh
Evening star., 1937-01-10
Claims Record for Travel.

MAGAZINE, Ark. P1.-Dr. o. O.
Ewing says he is entitled to some sort
of record for attending meetings. He
travels 90 miles each time he attends
a meeting of De Rosey c. Cabell
Camp. No. s. Spanish War Veterans.
in Fort Smith. He missed only one
last year.
Evening star., 1937-01-10
Inaugural Dance Planned.

Plans for an inaugural dance to be
held in the Raleigh Hotel January 20
by Pi Psi Chapter of Delta Sigma
Fraternity are being made by Thomas
Colachicco, chairman, it was an
nounced.
Evening star., 1937-01-10
Head of Pen Women Coming Here,

Phyllis Fergus Hoyt, national presi-
dent of the Less que of American Pen
Women. will come TO Washington
Wednesday for a special meeting OF
the national board of the league az
the Willard Hotel.