davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times., 1937-12-22
CHANGE
SAVING is seen

A saving of approximately $780,
900 is seen if Congress accepts a
reported recommendation of the
Budget Bureau to put control of
the United States District Court
and Court of Appeals under the
Department of Justice.
According to report, the bureau
has followed the Jacobs recon-
mendation that the District pay
go per cent of the cost of the
District Court and 80 per cent of
the cost of the Court of Appeals.
In this regard it is suggested that
the Department of Justice take
full control. Heretofore, the Dis
trict has paid the full cost, al
though a number of the cases
have been of a purely Federal
nature.
The new arrangement, however,
does not meet with complete ap-
proval from Chairman Ross Col
Inns, of the District subcommittee.
He is against turning over to the
Department of Justice a lump sum
of money from the District budget
without the District having some
control over it.
The Washington times., 1937-12-22
By Paul MallOn
has a good many

got down to this:
The Washington times., 1937-12-22
Burglars Bali
Bellevue InterneS
Hold 1t to RecOUp

NEW YORK, Dec. % G.N.SJ.
There wasn't a "gat" or a dark
light" in the hall although the
sign outside advertised burglars
ball" They weren't really burglars
at all-they we're internes from
Bellevue Hospital and their lady
friends.
But there was some point in the
sign at that. 1t seems that sneak
thieves have clipped the $15-per-
for some $4,000 in
clothing, money and jewelry. AS
nobody was willing to reimburse
them, they staged the burglars
ball' to recoup some part and to
turn a finger Of irony at hospital
conditions.
The Washington times., 1937-12-22

furthermore, contains a lot OF
partly employed, and unem-
ployed who cannot pay dues.
The CIO cannot drop them; the
AFL does not want them, be-
cause they are not really CIO
members in good standing, but
might be used to outvote the
, AFL.
IN addition to these concrete
1new difficulties, there has
been the concrete old one in
wolving the respective positions
Of MeSSrS. Green and Lewis. No
consolidation would be large
enough to hold them both
amicably. Lewis is personally
best fixed. He has his old mine
workers and his new steel
unions, so his position is as
sured, but Green's job rests
mainly on the continued SUI
premacy of AFL.
What this undoubtedly &C
curate insight into the affair
shows is that nothing except
personalities has been SubStan-
tial stumblingblock to agree
ment.
Best objective judgment all
along has been, consolidation is
sure to come sooner or later be-
cause the rank anG file in both
factions are insisting on it.
They know it is best for them,
If not for the leaders.
OUPREME COURT JUSTICE
- ROBERTS always recites his
opinions in full and makes a
very impressive job Of it. The
first time he failed was in de-
Nvering the new court edict
against wiretapping. He merely
eketched that one briefly.
It may require a professional
pSychiatrist to tell why, but
more than one amateur psychia-
tJist around here has an idea
Mr., Roberts may have wanted
to spare the feelings Of Justice
Black.
Mr.. Black Joined in the court
condemnation of a technique
which he himself developed to
the utmost as chairman Of a
Senate investigating committee,
seizing private telegrams, letters.
books and papers-not OF rum
runners and criminals, but OF
citizens suspected of no greater
crime than indulging in politics.
Not only from this, but from
other little hints dropped around
the Supreme Court lately, has
come a rather general expecta-
ton that Mr. Black, the judge,
may take a somewhat different
position from Senator Black, the
politician. They generally do.
TTOCKS of rumors are still
l. flying in the wake of the
wageS-hours bill defeat, as thick
as flies, and just about as sub
Stantial.
Only horsefly among them is
The Washington times., 1937-12-22
u. S. NAVY READY.
|IF War COMES.
IN FAR PACIFIC
Marines And Fleet Are
On Toes These Days
BY THEODORE HUNTLEY


Secrecy and swift action are
naval weapons as much as guns.
They are being employed as Amer
ica's Navy Is made ready for pos
sible evenualities in the Pacific.
It isn't telling all that it is doing.
San Clemente is a symbol Of the
new order, born Of recent events.
The story goes back of the Panay
sinking but not Sa very far back.
San Clemente is a little island 80
miles off Southern California, a
few miles north of Catalina.
MARINERS ADVISED
AS a piece of land it isn't much,
but if you were to approach it's
shores by day or night you would
hear a shouted Halt"
If you were to refuse to halt or
be waved away, a shot would cross
your bow. If that failed to stop
you, and you came within 300
yards Of the beach, you would
probably be shot and your boat
sunk. Every mariner in the world
has been so advised. The mariners
charts and bulletins have carried
the warning to keep out. Fisher
men have been Shooed away.
For the island belong to the
Navy. It is being used for secret
landing maneuvers and machine
gun tests. Later ON it may be for
titled. It's a mile and half long
and about a mile wide, and is dedi-
Gated to the Navy's preparations
for defense.
A fast sea sled has been de-
veloped by the Navy for use be-
tween ship and shore. 1t is being
tested for transferring tanks to
flat beaches, in landing operations.
News reels almost every week
now show the Marines or the
Navy in air maneuverS. New, big
bombers, some with two motors
and some with four, but all with
a flock of machine guns and some
with cannon, are being put in
commission. The Navy believes
them to be the most formidable
flying boats in the world, with
speed, hitting power and trained
personnel that other nations
can't touch.
1t has available now about 1000
new fighting planes, and the air
force is being constantly en-
larged.
All along the Pacific Coast. in
Alaska, the Aleutian Islands and
the South Pacific defenses are
being strengthened. If war were
to come in the Pacific, not ali Of
the islands could be held in
definitely.
MANILA MIGHT FALL
The Philippines themselves
might fall in the early stages of
war. There is plenty of naval
opinion which holds that we could
not keep our line of communica-
tions open to Manila, but the
Navy has to be shown.
Ships, men and supplies are
moving north to Alaska all the
time. The Navy is feeling it's way
in the North Pacific. 1t has held
secret maneuvers in that area.
For ship and shore defense we
have developed an anti-aircraft
miracle gun, details Of which ara
secret, which can "Stay on the
nose" of an attacking plane from
the time it comes within range
until it passes out Of sight or ex-
iStence. It belongs exclusively to
the United States.
The Washington times., 1937-12-22
Commerce Worker
Held a Suicide

Coroner A. Magruder MacDon-
aid issued a suicide certificate to-
day in connection with the death
of Miss Leslie L. Ward, 46, who
was found dead yesterday in the
gaS-filled kitchen of her apart
ment at 2115 F. st. N. w.
Her body was discovered by her
roommate, Miss Cora burst, en-
ploye of the Department of Com
merce, upon her return home from
a Christmas shopping tour. Miss
Ward also was employed at the
Commerce Department.
The Washington times., 1937-12-22

SCHOOLS AND COLLEGES
The Washington times., 1937-12-22

the one being muttered by labor
ties, questioning the wisdom and
energy of the congressional lead
erS from the South, who han
died the fight for the bill. This
may be a loose natural suspicion,
but it is a horsefly without
wings. You can prove it~
The real inside on what killed
the unwanted wages-hours bill is
simply this:
Green's AFL opposition
switched eight votes at the last
minute. Mayor Frank Hague, of
Jersey City, switched five. Four
former supporters of wages-hours
legislation just got honestly sick
I, of the overly-amended bill and
turned against it. The little
saw mill people down in east
Texas, Louisiana and Mississippi,
and the small town chambers of
commerce, burned up their dele
cations here with protests, be-
cause their businesses might be
ruined.
These switches were not all
known to the leaders. Their
final poll, made by Whip Boland
and passed on to the White
House by LiaiSon Man Charlie
West, showed a sure margin of
5 to 10 votes for the bill, when
they let it go to a vote.
Note-A newSman who ran
into Speaker Bankhead and
Floor Leader Rayburn, imme-
diately after their unexpected
defeat, found their eyes actually
flushed with tears. The result
was a blow to their prestige, al
though the original fatal error
in connection with wages-hours
was in trying to push it through
a reluctant Congress in the
midst of a business depression.
The bill would have been de-
'eated 3 to l if no Administration
pressure had been exerted.
GREATEST accomplishment Of
" this special session of Con-
greSS was the unannounced dis
covery made by baShful Repre-
sentative Sol Bloom.
A serious problem confronting
many legislators has been the
bay-window fronts developed
about their midriffs. An cpl
denic of curvature, expansion,
occasionally approximating a
horSecollar bend, has been break
ing out amidship in dozens of
congressional diaphragmS. So
expansive have some of the equa-
tors become that they danger
ouSly screen the ground upon
which the legislators tread.
Inasmuch as the New Deal
seemed diSinclined to do any
thing about it, in view of the
fact it had no social or political
angles, stricken legislators have
been crowding the House gym.
One such walked in there the
other day, took a look at his
colleagues toiling at the weights,
noticed the slight effect on their
waistlines, put on his hat and
coat and walked out again, say
ing he'd be damned if he would
waste any energy on such con-
traptionS.
Mr.. Bloom caught him at the
door and let him in on little
secret. It seems Mr.. Bloom once
suffered from a like ailment, but
now he is as Sylph-like as Venus,
or at any rate, Hercules. He
owes it all to a certain nonSag-
ging waistline supporter.
To aid one and all, Mr.. Bloom
has had a dozen varied sizes of
these male corsets sent to the
House gym. They are going as
fast as if it were a fire sale.
The House is Stream-lining
itself for the regular session.
The Washington times., 1937-12-22

young labor
newcomers in
his CIO or.
& liz alton
who would be
outranked by
Bill Green's
oldtimes in a
consolidation.
r h ey W i'll
have to be
cared for by
Mr.. Green.
The TTO
The Washington times., 1937-12-22
Times Daily Pattern

Send FIFTEEN CENTS 05c) in
coins or stamps (coins preferred
for this Anne Adams pattern.
Write plainly SIZE, NAME, AD-
DRESS and STYLE NUMBER.
NEWS FLASH! Just off the
press. the NEW ANNE ADAMS
BOOK OF SPRING PATTERNS |!
Over a hundred lovely styles!
PRICE OF BOOK FIFTEEN
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FIFTEEN CENTS. PRICE OF
BOOK AND PATTERN TO-
GETHER TWENTY-FIVE CENTS
Send your order to The Washing
ton Times Pattern Department,
243 West Seventeenth st. New
York, N. Y.
The Washington times., 1937-12-22
BCHUOLS AND COLLEGES
National University
Law School
Winter Term Begins

January 3, 1888. at $3.50 p. M.
Standard three-year course lead
ing to degrees of LIB. and id.
Graduate courses leading to de-
grees of LIN, MP.L., and SID.
AL classes held at hours con.
venient for employed students.
The Washington times., 1937-12-22
School of Economics
and Government

College courses offered in Political
Science, Government, Economics,
Psychology, History, Finance,
Accounting, Business and Ian
guageS.
Address Secretary
National 6617 818 18th St. N. w.
The Washington times., 1937-12-22

Making Fun of the Doctor. He Did
the Best He Could Down Through
the Centuries, But He Was IngOrant,
Often Did Stupid Things, People
Laughed at Him and Sometimes
Killed Him. A Page Of Queer Old
Cartoons, in The American Weekly,
with Sundays Washington Herald
Evening star., 1937-02-25

a great part in John Marshall's selec-
ton, he has been regarded for more
than 100 years as the greatest Su-
preme Court justice in our history.
The illustrious history Of the court
really begins with Marshall's ap-
pointment.
But the court did not achieve its
high position all at once. When the
Government arranget for the housing
Of its officials and departments in the
new City Of Washington. the Supreme
Court was entirely overlooked. There
was a White House for the Executive,
q stately, commodious building for the
Senate and the Representatives and
spacious quarters for the various de-
partments. Only the Supreme Court
was unprovided for and had to be
content with an insignificant room
"a by 80 feet-One If the vacant COM
mittee rooms Of the Senate, placed at
the disposal of the court through the
kindness Of the Senators.
From this humble room, after q
peripatetic ram.le from post to pillar,
the Supreme Court has climbed to the
100000 palace of justice it now
occupies-the cost being just about
one-third of what the Government
finally paid for the Louisiana Territory
some 13 States-in President Jeffer-
sons time. The building itself stands
as splendid monument to the growth
and development of the Nation since
the adoption Of the Constitution in
1889.
Copyright. 1887. by the North America,
Newspaper Alliance. Inc.J
Evening star., 1937-02-25

William Cushing, In turn. Both de-
clined, and the President named
Oliver Ellsworth. It was not long
before the new Chief Justice got into
trouble with the Federalists over his
idea of expatriation, and he was glad
to escape their wrath by going to
France on q special mission during
the administration of John Adams.
The conduct of Supreme Court JUS
tices at this time invites attention.
During the term beginning in August,
1900, only half of the justices served.
The Chief Justice was still in France
on his mission, Justice Gushing was
too i'll to attend court and Justice
Chase spent the whole period on the
stump, advocating the reelection OF
his friend, President Adams. In that
campaign Thomas Jefferson was elect.
ed President.
The Federalists, however, still con-
trolled Congress and succeeded in do
ing the best thing they ever did, so
far as the Supreme Court was con-
cerned. They passed the judiciary
act of 1901, establishing 16 new Fed
eral Circuit Courts, relieving the Su-
preme Court justices OF the onerous
duties in these courts. The Federalists
marred their good work by insisting
that the new justices must be Fed
eralists and by adding provision
that. on the death of the next member
of the court, the number Of justices
should remain at five. Justice Cush-
ing's death was imminent and the
provision was intended to prevent an
appointment by Jefferson.
Jay Declined Post.
Most opportunely for the Federal
lists. Chief Justice Ellsworth resigned
because of i'll health. President Adams
offered the post to John Jay, who
declined. The President then named
John Marshall. who, a short time be-
fore, had declined an associate JUS
ticeship. There was considerable op-
position to the confirmation of Mar
shall, but he was reluctantly con-
firmed. He was sworn into Office
February !, 1901, just one month
before Jefferson became President.
Though John Adams politics played
Evening star., 1937-02-25

dent, and also educated In England,
and James Iredell. an Englishman.
The average age Of the justices was
481a.
OF these six justices, only three
Jay, Wilson and Cushing-took the
trouble to attend the organization
ceremonies, February /, 1890, in the
old Royal Exchange at the foot Of
Broad street, New York City.
The first term Of the court ran 10
days. Its only business was to admit
lawyers to practice before it. The
second term, In August Of the same
year, was even shorter-two days
and the work was similar to that of
the first session. 1t was not until
year later that the first case was
called. And even this was a false
alarm. On taking 1t up, the court dis.
covered the writ had been issued by
the clerk Of the Circuit Court, not
the clerk Of the Supreme Court So
the Supreme Court so.emnly dismissed
the case.
Rutledge Resigned.
Justice Rutledge, who never attended
meeting Of this first court, resigned
shortly to become chief justice of
South Carolina. His nephew. Edward
Rutledge. and Charle~ Cotesworth
Pinckney, both of South Carolina, de-
clined appointment to the vacancy.
After search for another justice,
President Washington induced Thomas
johnson, a former Governor Of Mary
land, to serve. Justice johnson re-
signed in two years. He was succeeded
by William Paterson, former mer.
chant and Senator from New Jersey.
Despite the lack Of work before the
court itself, the posts were not sine
cures. A seat on the early bench was
no place for an elderly man. 1t Is
doubtful If any of the present justices
could have stood the strain Of those
early times for two years. The Chief
Justice received $4,000 a year and the
associate justices $4,000. In addition
to their duties as Supreme Court
| justices, they were obliged to serve in
the Circuit Courts located in the sew
eral States. necessitating a great deal
of travelling over country where the
roads were merely lines on the maps.
Justice Iredell, the youngest man on
the bench the was 38). complained
| bitterly that he was leading the life
of post boy"
Justice Jay early became weary of
his exacting duties, and, in 1892, with
out resigning from the bench, became
a candidate for Governor # New York.
He lost to George Clinton, but held
on to the chief justiceship. Two years
later. however, he accepted the post
of special envoy to Great Britain and
remained abroad nearly year On
his return, he was elected Governor
of New York, and he then resigned
as Chief Justice
Rutledge Succeeded Jay.
President Washington appointed
John Rutledge as jays successor, but
Rutledge only served between sessions
of Congress. He had just about time
enough to offend the Federalists by
making a speech favorable to the
French, and the Senate refused to
confirm him.
The highest post in the court was
next offered to Patrick Henry and to
Evening star., 1937-02-25

larceny cases ranging from a mini
mum of one years imprisonment to q
maximum OF five years. The penalty
prescribed for petty larceny would bs
a maximum fine of $500 or . years
imprisonment, or both.
The bill also would give the trial
justices discretionary authority to
order restitution to the value of the
property .tolen, in addition to the
penalty.
Evening star., 1937-02-25
RY WILLIAM C., McCLOY.

President Roosevelt's proposal to re-
organize the Supreme Court has To-
cused the country's attention upon
the court as nothing else has done in
the last 80 years. The Dred Scott
decision in 1857 concentrated public
attention upon the court then even
more vitally than the question OF re-
vision today-but the furor was over
o great moral question and had moth
ing to do with the structure of the
court itself.
Overnight, the court has become a
popular study. Librarian in charge
of the public libraries report that the
demand for books on the court Is
challenging the size of the demand for
detective stories. The result is bound
to be instructive for many who hereto
fore looked upon the court as toe
heavy a subject lay minds.
The origin of the Supreme Court
was natural and simple The trainers
of the Constitution realized that the
laws passed by Congress would be
variously interpreted by judges in all
sections of the country and that it was
therefore obligatory to have CEN
tralized authority free from politics
above public clamor, which would
weigh the laws dispassionately and
justly, keeping the Interpretation in
line with the written Constitution. A
half century later, Daniel Webster
summed it all up tersely by saying
without the judicial power of the
Supreme Court. the country would be
mere confederacy"
Development Fascinating.
The story of the development of the
Supreme Court from its beginning in
1889 is as fascinating as anything in
our picturesque and amazing history
No other one Of the great and essential
features of our Government began in
so lowly way
President Washington found il
rather difficult to ge. the kind of men
he wanted to serve as justices The
six men who finally were induced to
serve were all Federalists. John JaS
of New York was named as Chief
Justice. The associate justices were
John Rutledse of South Carolina
educated in England; William Cushing
of MaSsac chusetts, James Wilson, born
and reared in Scotland; John Blair of
Virginia, personal friend of the Presi-
Evening star., 1937-02-25
SUPREME COURT
LOVELY IN ORIGIN
Rise Most Fascinating of All
Institutions of U. S.
Government.

The story OF the Supreme Court
its origin, its Development and
the issues it has raised in the
history OF the United Stat@-is
told here in a series OF articles, OF
which this is the first, tDith the
object OF throwtng light on ques-
tions raised in the momentous
political battle now being tuaged tn
Washington as result OF President
Roosepelt's program for court re-
organization.
Evening star., 1937-02-25
Farm Land Taxes Rise.

A small rise in the average taxes on
farm lands in 1886 Is reported by the
Agriculture Department in a prelimi-
partment reports the national average
tax on an acre If farm land at 81
cents in l934.35, compared with the
Evening star., 1937-02-25
STIFFER LARCENY LAWS
| FOR DISTRICT PROPOSED
Measure introduced by Mrs. Nor
ton Would Increase Respec-
tive Penalties.

A series Of propose amendments to
the District code, designed primarily
to raise the maximum amount under
which petty larceny can be charged
from $50 to SIS, but increasing the
penalties for both petty and grand
larceny, are contained in bill intro
duced yesterday by Chairman Norton
Of the House District Committee.
Bearing the st mp Of approval OF
the Commissioners, the measure makes
q jail sentence mandatory in grand
Evening star., 1937-02-25

peak Of So cents in 1929. Taxes per
500 Of land value averaged S1.14 in
Evening star., 1937-02-25

1885, $1.19 in 1894, s150 in the peak
year Of 1882 and SIS cents in 1918.
Evening star., 1937-12-01

radio will perpetuate mental imma-
turity in the grown-up.
There Is danger that radio and the
movies will in time make u . M.
ton OF grown-up children. An intelli-
gence which befits child Of IL Il .
beautiful thing when found In 4
child Of IL, but not in q child Of 80"
Payne said there WAS no valid
reason why an educational program,
unless its subject were too technical,
could not be made entertaining enough
to attract large group of intelligent
people.
Development Of interesting radio
education through skilled production
methods. Payne said, would require
the overthrowing Of what appears to
be "a distinct inertia on the part of
broadcasters. But 1t can be done"
In answer to the question, What,
therefore, shall We do with radio?"
Payne said, "First, we must establish
IN practice what has been accepted in
theory and law, that the radio waves
are the inalienable property of the
public" He said he hoped the COM
mission could establish higher stand
Evening star., 1937-12-01
BOARD ANSWERS
SUITS ON z0N|NC
Counsel Asks Bond of Fritz
Be Raised to $1,000 in
Injunction Case.

ROCKVILLE, Md, Dec. 1.-The
Board of County Commissioners re-
piled today to two injunction suits
challenging the validity of the county
8oning ordinances. brought by Peter
Fritz. proprietor of the Log Cabin Inn
at Wheaton, and asked that his bond
OF $500, posted against costs in the
event he loses the case, be raised to
$1,000.
r. Barnard Welsh, board counsel,
entered a demurrer to the first suit
seeking to restrain the commissioners
from interfering with Fritz in the op-
Grafton of his business, which the COM
mlSSloners claim is in violation of the
county zoning ordinances because it is
in residential area.
In his reply Welsh asked that
States Attorney James H. Pugh and
Harold G. Smith of the Rockville Police
Court, where Fritz was slated for trial
In September, be made parties to the
case. Pugh is attorney for Fritz, but
has not participated actively in the
injunction suit, which is being handled
by Miss Vivian V. Simpson and Joseph
B. Simpson
The criminal action against Fritz
was postponed indefinitely when the
first injunction against the commits
sioners was granted in Circuit Court
late in September To a second suit.
asking the commissioners to show
cause why they should not be enioined
from spending $4,000 to defend the
first injunction suit, the board replied
that the amount was needed for re-
search and drafting work and was
not to be paid for special legal coun-
sci, as charged by Fritz.