davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Waterbury Democrat., 1937-09-30
SKILLED HELP IS
 VERY NECESSARY
(Continued from Page D
Beneficial Point

Beneficial Point
 From the standpoint of the ap- prentice the most beneficial point in the bill Is that once an employer has made an agreement with an appren- tice he must stick to 1t or the ap- prentice may appeal to the state committee. In other words, an ap- prentice, under such agreement, has the opportunity to learn 0 trade in all its departments and under graduate scale of wages named in the agreement.
 From the employers viewpoint, the most beneficial feature is that the apprentice must live up to his part of the contract, and he must, after having gained his experience, stay with the concern a stipulated length of time by law. This does away with young men learning a trade from one concern and immediately taking their experience to another plant.
 Lack of Skilled Help
 Speaking of the present lack of skilled craftsmen apprentice help, Rep. Fitzgerald said:
 Some have said apprentices be- gan to disappear during the depres- sion. say they began to fall off 25 years ago, when what we call the machine age began.
 "This bill will do away, too, with the racket of taking on young men under the guise of learning 0 trade, exploiting them with small wages and in the end turning out e bunch of specialists Most of these have been taught just one thing in a trade. They have learned to do just one think in connection with a trade.
 Learn All Branches
 Of the trade as Q whole, they learn little. Under this bill, an ap- prentice would learn all branches of @ trade. A carpenters apprentice would learn all branches to become qualified to erect house, not just be able to pour cement in e founda- ton frame"
 The fighting representative, who began his working career as appren- tice in foundry, but who studied nights until at 27 he commanded 0 $6,0o0 @ year job, ground his fist on his desk. T told 'em down there in committee that I know this game all the way through.
 Fighting Labor Man
 "This bill will keep the bars of immigration from lowering in future years. Do you knol how many skilled immigrants were brought into this country since 1925? One and one quarter millions.
 "Today we are educating our boys to become professional men. Every June the colleges are turning loose thousands upon thousands of pro- fessionally trained men. And many are running elevators. Our manu- lecturers are calling for trained workers, men skilled In the trades. But they can't get them"
The Waterbury Democrat., 1937-09-30
GIRL SAVES HER
 YOUNG SISTER

East Rochester, N. H., Sept. 3O- UP)-A chance visit by a sister ot one of the victims probably saved the lives of two girls trapped for nearly an hour in an unused ice chest yesterday.
 Eleanor Sole, 1, and Beverly Sunderland, { 1-2, were found un- conscious in the chest by Beverly's sister Roberta,9. They had crawied inside the chest to explore 1t and were trapped when the door swung shut and locked.
 Tn their hysteria, Eleanor and Beverly had torn their hair and injured their tiny fists banging on the door in e futile attempt to summon help. Air admitted through a vent in the back of the chest pre- vented suffocation.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1937-09-30
LAWYERS ELECT
 SOME OFFICERS

Kansas City, Mo-, Sept. 30.-(UP) A-Officers elected for divisions of the American Bar Association in- clude:
 Public Utility-Councilm Wal CT s. Fenton, Rutland, Vt; Joseph r. Berry, Hartford, Conn.
 National Association of Real Es- tate Boards-secretary, James E. Rhodes II, Hartford, Conn; Vice. chairman in charge of real property division, George D. Beers, New Ha- ven, Conn.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1937-09-30
HAS POLICE GUARD

East Hampton, Conn, Sept. SO--. (UP)--John Parker, First National store manager, will have . police guard ct his place the next time he acts as toastmaster at any ban. quets.
 Five years ago, he was toaStmas- ter and someone broke into hh store and made off with SIPS.
 Last night, he was toastinaster at q Twilight Baseball League banquet and thieves broke into his store, taking GAS in merchandise.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1937-09-30

The cottage in Minsk, White Russia, which the first headquarters ef the Russian Social Democratic Labor Patty in 1898, has cen re- stored and opened as 6 museum.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1937-09-30

Abraham Lincoln was born on Feb. 12, 1909.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1937-09-30

Roses contain no nectar, % bees never make honey from them.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1937-09-30
JUSTICE BLACK
 TO MAKE ANSWER

Continued from Page D
The Waterbury Democrat., 1937-09-30
4,6S4 NAMES
 ON VOTING LIST

Continued from Page D
Evening star., 1937-08-06

Vandenberg resolution was a case in
point. A number of Democratic Sen
ators believe that the President should
fill the vacancy on the Supreme Court
while the Senate is still in session-par-
ticularly as the vacancy has existed now
for more than two months. But they
would not say it, except in few in
stances. Senator Burke Of Nebraska Is
one of the outspoken antagonists OF the
President-on this court issue. He de-
clared that If the President made recess
appointment, he would vote against con-
f1rmation when the Senate reassembleS.
The New York mayoralty fight changes
from day to day. Unless there is fur
ther shift, Senator Copeland will fight
it out in the Democratic primaries with
former Supreme Court Justice jeremiah
T. Manoney for the party nomination.
Copeland is an anti-NeW Deal, anti
administration Democrat. If he wins the
nomination in Greater New York, his
victory will be hailed as significant. That
he can do so is matter of doubt, even
though he has the backing Of Tammany.
The organizations in the other bcr-
oughs are, generally speaking, opposing
him. However Copeland has shown him
self q great vote getter In the past. Mayor
La Guardia, In the meantime, must be
enjoying the row between his potential
oppooente.
Evening star., 1937-08-06
Hitch-Hiking.

Prom the South Bend Tribune.
So far this year the anti-hitch-hiker
campaign has been extended SO that laws
against "thumbing rides" are on the
books in almost third of the States.
In a greater number Of States, twenty
four at this writing, the Legislatures
have deprived hitch-hikers Of the legal
right to sue for damages If the samari-
tans who pick them up drive them into
accidents Most Of the non-suit statutes
validate compensatory actions only on
proof that the hitch mixers injuries
were brought about by willful misconduct
by the drivers or intent to inf1ict injury.
This legislative attention to the
"thumbing" practice grows out OF the
fact that it has become q nuisance. In
some instances it has generated crime.
In others it has proved financial burden
for kindly drivers, as some courts have
returned verdicts in favor Of hitch-hik-
ers injured in accidents. Despite the
known hazards some drivers remain
soft" where hitch-hikers are concerned.
Their manifestations of sympathy tend
to nullify the local ordinances and State
laws against hitch hiking. With human
nature" operating in that manner, there
Is skepticism about success OF the laws.
Much depends on the law enforcement
system. Rigid enforcement has not de.
veloped In any State, Judging by the
scarcity es news about Arrests Of Nolatofs.
Evening star., 1937-08-06

property, and unorganized workers to
resent being separated from their jobs.
AS soon as the latter were offered police
protection they went back to work. Thin
ranks of the organized minority could not
hold against the growing sentiment STIR
red by c. l. O. attacks on law, custom
and the services on which decent living
happens to depend"
Perhaps it is not entirely true that
illegal procedures can no longer win
snap victories while complaisant officials
look the other way" but 1t will be long
time before the outraged and irritated
millions forget that altogether too many
of the twenty-three hundred strikes OF
the past seven months have been viola
tions of the commonweal, invasions of
the public welfare. The masses may not
think very deeply. Ali that is necessary
is that they should feel profoundly
enough.
Evening star., 1937-08-06
Public Opinion.

Pascal, in his provincial Letters" de-
clares that: Force and not opinion is
the queen Of the world" But the ink is
not yet dry when he adds: TT is opinion
that uses the force" Evidently the Port
Royal philosopher comprehended the
dynamic Of an aroused and militant
populace. He lived in a day when the
meekest of worms were beginning to
turn. One hundred and fifty years later
Talleyrand was to inform the peers: Il
know where there is more wisdom than
is found in Napoleon, Voltaire or all the
ministers present and to come-namely,
In public opinion"
But even now, in society linked by
education as never before since history
began, an occasional skeptic challenges
the existence, the reality, of common
mind and a common conviction John
L. Lewis, for instance, put into effect
allegedly new methods Of labor warfare;
yet, as the current Review OF Reviews
Literary Digest observes, he remained an
old-fashioned labor leader in his scorn
for public opinion" Like w. H. Wander
bilt, he declared: The public be
damned"
And that error was fatal LAS c. I. O.
engineered one inconvenience to the pub
lie after another without so much as an
expression Of regret" the Review Digest
continues, "the public soon concluded
that there might be something in what
employers and lawyers said about union
invasion of rights. Men of small property
began to think along with those OF large
Evening star., 1937-08-06

"bossed" to their own hurt. Much
WISER much more effective is the policy
Of concession which grants q voice and
vote to everybody and so correlates to
q central authority the good will of the
masses. Henry w. Nevinson, in THE
Growth Of Freedom" notes that 'the
African chiefs had their palavers, the
Redskins their pow-wows, the Homeric
kings their elders, the Indian rajahs
their durbars, the early English kings
their Witan or Witana gemot-the coun-
ell of experienced people" The same
writer cites the principle OF Justinian-
"Quod omnes tangit, alb omnibus appro-
betur" (What concerns all, must be ap-
proved by alD-as the very basis Of
democracy"
1t is to this philosophy, this ancient
practice, this primary law of civilization.
hallowed by centuries of gradual prog
ress, that the residents Of the District OF
Columbia appeal when they petition
Congress to accord them political and
fiscal equity. They want representation
because historically 1t Is demonstrated
to be necessary to social stability, justice
and civic freedom.
Evening star., 1937-08-06

One of the most important factors
which Congress must take into consld-
Grafton in all of its actions during the
closing days of the session is the fact
that election year is drawing on apace and
that, willy -nilly, considerable political ef-
feet will be eXerted as a result of con-
gressional doings between now and the
close of the present session Whether it
be a fact or not that the power of this
effect increases in direct ratio to the
proximity of elections, it is admitted by
most of the politically minded members
of Congress that they feel that way about
it. Aside from this psychological ele-
ment in the situation, however the men,
bers recognize that the remaining legis-
lation which they hope to complete be-
fore they adjourn is of great and vital
Importance both to the communities and
States of which they are part and to
the Nation at large; and that they and
their fellows will will be judged at the
polls next year to a considerable extent
on the outcome of what they do now. On
that account, while a ajority of them
are anxious to leave Washington as soon
as possible, many of them being willing
to come back for special session late in
tlC dli Cllcy dIC hcCLly uCSA OuS OCAoAS
they leave Of making a showing which
will be pleasing to their constituents.
\
One of the most active committees in
Congress during the session now draw
ing to close is the Senate Foreign Re-
lations Committee. The House Foreign
Affairs Committee also has been busy
and has transacted a large amount OF
business, chief of which was considera-
ton of the new neutrality legislation
But the Senate committee in addition
to the neutrality legislation and other
matters in which 1t acted jointly with
the House committee, also had on its
calendar number of treaties on which
Senate action alone was required. In
cluded in the last-named category were
eight of the treaties, conventions and
protocol adopted at the Pan-Amerlcan
Peace Conference at Buenos Aires last
December, which was opened by Presi-
dent Roosevelt who made the trip to
South America for the purpose OF de-
Evening star., 1937-08-06
Rate by Mail-Payable in Advance.
Member Of the Associafed PreSs
''The Better Boat

When Challenger Sopwith ran with
Endeavour 1 SO close a race for the
Americas Cup in 1884 that the match
was decided in the sixth and deciding
contest by margin Of only fifty-hve
seconds for Harold Vanderbilts Rainbow
there was general qualification on this
side of the Atlantic, mixed with SYM
pathetic disappointment for the failure
OF SO gallant an effort to lift" the
trophy of nautical supremacy. And when
sopw1th challenged again for another
race it was believed that he would i'm
prove upon his 1884 performance and
would perhaps succeed where SO many
OF his fellow countrymen have failed in
the course OF the past sixtysix years.
That belief was negatived yesterday
when Ranger, Vanderbilts newly-built
defender. ran away with the four-race
match. scoring four wins in succession,
taking the final race by a margin of
three minutes and thirty-seven seconds.
Even reckoning the time lost by the
minute for crossing the line ahead of
the signal, the last and deciding race
belonged to the defender. Ranger had
won in the fastest time on record for a
triangular course.
In a gallant spirit of acknowledge
ment Mr.. Sopwith has offered no albis
for his failure. "Endeavour went as we'll
as she ever has," he said after the race
you simply have the better boat" Nor
was there any failure on the part of
skipper or crew. Barring the misfortune
OF premature crossing of the starting
line yesterday, which proved not to af-
feet the result, there were no accidents.
Sails held, masts and spars withstood
the strain. There was no blocking of
the course by unduly enterprising sight
seeing craft The better boat" Won
Just why these successive victories of
American yachtsmen over their British
rivals have persisted during tWo-thirds
OF a century cannot be answered ex-
plcitly. The rational reason seems to
be that expressed by Mr. Sopwith yes
terday, the better boat" During the
earlier phases of this international COM
petition the British challengers were
under the handicap OF having to cross
the sea by their own sailing power,
without assistance. Therefore they had
to be built for strength and safety as
we'll as for speed. But that stipulation
has now been waived and both of the
Sopwith challengers have been brought
over in tow, thereby gaining somewhat
in racing qualities. The close match of
1884 seemed to indicate that possibly
this new condition may have been
q material factor in improving the
chances OF the challenger. But this
years contest ended in such q decisive
victory for the defender that there
would seem to have been no advantage
in the towing concession.
Despite this long series OF unbroken
failures to lift the cup ending for the
present in so sweeping victory as that
OF Ranger over Endeavour II, it may be
confidently expected that British
yachtsmen will continue to challenge
Tor the cup. Perhaps Mr.. sopwith, for
whom the American people have an
af1ectlonate regard, will carry on in the
spirit OF the late Sir Thomas Upton.
Evening star., 1937-08-06
Representation.

One of the common mistakes which
those unacquainted with history make
Is that Of supposing that the idea of
representative democracy is something
relatively new in the world. The con-
trary, as 1t happens, is true Indeed,
it is practically impossible to find any,
where in human experience a perfect
example Of absolute tyranny. Theo-
retically, instances of personal dictator
ship are many-the average individual
probably imagines himself competent to
name long list of rulers who were re-
sponsible to nobody but themselves.
Alexander the Great, Julius and Au-
gustus Caesar, Charlemagne, Jenghiz
Khan, Mohammed, William the Con-
queror, Ivan the Terrible, Charles I,
Oliver Cromwell, Louis XIV, James II,
Frederick the Great, George III, Ma
poleon, Wilhelm II, Lenin and Stain,
Mussolini and Hitler-all these are popu-
larly believed to signify unlimited, un-
hampered. uncontrolled autocracy.
But these men actually have been
dependent upon organized groups of fol-
lowers with whom it was imperatiyelv
necessary to maintain cordial relations.
None of them ever attained command
ing eminence alone, solely by isolated
effort. Each was, in sober fact, lifted
to power by contemporaries of lesser
genius who found advantage in the ele-
vation. The moment the gain was
threatened, the tie of mutual interest
imperiled, change Of sentiment ensued.
1t was the detection Of his friends that
provided the opportunity for Caesars
assassins; 1t was the failure Of his allies
that brought Napoleon to his ultimate
Waterloo.
Turning to the other side of the pic
ture, thoughtful student easily enough
discovers the elemental strength of the
democratic ideal. Durability and strength
In a government traces back TO the sup
port Of active majorities. No state,
certainly no republic, can long endure"
without the consent, the confidence and
the cooperation of all men ''' created
equal" A certain natural psychological
factor is involved: People resent being
Evening star., 1937-08-06
They Keep the Peace.

After several weeks of quiet negotia-
ton, the railroads and their non n-operat-
ing employes-such as clerks and shop
crafts-have reached new wage agree
ment under which some $50 900 or 800 900
workers will profit by about $s8,OOO,OO0
annually.
This was compromise. The employees,
represented in fourteen unions, had
asked for an increase Of 20 cents an hour.
They settled for five, which, it is esti-
mated is about 8l2 to 8sa per cent over
the present scale.
Undoubtedly, rail management made
what it was felt was the best offer posi-
BILE, considering the financial status of
the carriers as whole. The unions, in
turn, accepted these terms as being the
most advantageous they could expect.
Hailing the settlement, the National
Mediation Board, which went in when
employers and employees could not get
together, said the matter was disposed
of in reasonable, just and far-sighted
manner"
That is evident
Soon the railroads and the five train
and yard brotherhoods will start wage
conferences. Here the workers, about
250000 in number, are asking 20 per
cent increase. Undoubtedly, an amicable
agreement on give-and take basis will
eventuate, and the vast rail network will
continue to operate uninterruptedly, just
as it has for more than decade
Here is demonstration of wise leader
ship on both sides that might we'll be
taken to heart by management and labor
as whole. Incidentally, it proves the
worth of the machinery that first was set
up by the Government in 1925, and then
expanded in 1884, to end industrial war
fare on the railroads. The on-operat-'
ing unions had taken vote that was
overwhelmingly in favor Of striking if
the wage negotiations failed; the train
brotherhoods have done likewise. But
there was no fear of Walkout in the first
case, and there is none in the second, for
the simple reason that here is an indus
try voluntarily bound by legislation to
course that accepts strikes only as last
resort.
Since 1926 there have been but four
rail strikes over the whole OF the United
States Only one of these assumed any
proportions, this one occurring on the
Louisiana and Arkansas Railroad and
resulting In three months Of disorder that
brought a known death toll of half a
dozen.
1t took forty years and succession Of
failures for the railroads to progress this
far along the road Of amicable labor re-
lations. But it has been eminently worth
while.
Evening star., 1937-08-06

chine from the basement. 1t ran splen-
didly without hitch, with never a groan,
with the same excellent performance it
gave In the days when 1t had been the
very latest thing"
The new records, with wooden needles,
sounded very good, but not particularly
better than the best of the older records
At the time the radios began to function
as musical instruments, beginning with
1923, the record makers had achieved
some very fine work. BY 1928 and there
abouts the records made were excep-
tionally fine. Many OF them, although
made according to the old acoustical
methods, had roundnesS OF tone which
Is amazing, even today.
Members of this family often had said,
In the old days. that one of the real
defects of recorded music was that, once
made, record infallibly gave what was
in it, and nothing more Surprise was
gone. The same notes, the same gasps
for breath-in the case of the fat con-
tralto-the same tone, timbre, nuances,
etc.
After a listener had heard a given
record several score, several hundred,
times he might not ever want to hear it
again.
If he did hear it, he found himself
listening for the same false notes, which
sometimes occurred, the very same fail
ures, as we'll as successes in the indi-
vldual recording.
What wonderful experience it would
be-" said one, IF some time when we
put record on it, 1t suddenly did some
thing new!"
Twenty years after that statement was
made, the dreamed of something new"
really came true
Twenty years went by, long time,
by any measurement
Then the something new under the
sun" began, and functioned twice, and
never again.
Here was the way it came about:
1t wasn't the machine, it wasn't the
record, but the wooden needle which,
for two complete playings, gave taste
of something new.
And after those unusual playings, the
needle went back to it's status.
No needle before ever had done what
1t did, and probably no needle ever again
will do it. Certainly in twenty years
none had ever done it before.
What it did was to play the first two
words of each line in the verse twice,
the first time softly, but very distinctly,
just as if some one were prompting the
singer, and then loudly and normally, the
singer herself, a little French cabaret
singer, in one Of the excellent foreign
DRESSINGS.
When the listeners first heard this,
they scarce could believe their ears. Let
us say the first line went, My mother
told me-"
The way it came off the disc was
'My mother" as if whispered, then MY
mother told me-" etc. The strange fea-
ture was that the extra syllables did not
in any way interfere with the time of
the composition, or seem hurried in any
way; the record took just exactly as long
to play as ever, but no more nor less.
Explanation?
The point Of the wood needle was
slightly frayed; perhaps one tiny in
visible point tracked the side of the
groove a split second before the main
point; but why did it give only two
words-and why wasn't the playing con-
fused?
1t was really something new under
the sun. and probably never will be
heard again, as 1t never had been heard
before.
Evening star., 1937-08-06

satisfaction and they were changed q
third time. This time 1t was with sue
cess and Lieut.. Brard himself was q
passenger on the ship when she made her
record breaking crossing Of the Atlantic
last week.
Michael j. McDermott, popular chief
of the division of current information of
the State Department, has shown that
he knows much about art as well as in
ternational affairs and diplomatic doings.
Having recently secured some new fur
nishings for the press room at the State
Department, Mac" as he is known by
the hosts of newspapermen and others
at home and abroad who know him, de-
cided that some further decoration was
needed to complete the picture So
through the art project section of the
Treasury Department he obtained num-
Der of fine paintings which now hang on
the walls Of the press room. They depict
q wide variety Of subjects, including a
view Of old Trinity from Wall Street; an
'old salt" standing by pier head on a
dock looking thoughtfully out to sea- and
. scene Of the Charleston earthquake.
(Cop1riSht, 1e37)