davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1937-10-03

The SIS bill displays the features of
Abraham Lincoln.
The $40 bill features the face of
Alexander Hamilton, the first Secretary
Of the Treasury.
The $40 bill is dedicated to the
memory of "Old Hickory"-Andrew
Jackson.
FROM then on, Of course, the notes
become rarer-and more difficult
to remember. But just for the sake
Of the record, here is the way they
line up:
The $50 bill has picture Of Ulysses
S. Grant. Benjamin Franklin is on
the $1o0 bill, Mckinley on the $500
and Cleveland on the $1,000 bill.
James Madison has the honor to
grace the $4,000 bill. Then comes the
last note. This is the $4,000 bill that
bears the picture of Samuel Chase.
How the selection OF these portraits
came about not even the Treasury
authorities can explain, but it prob
ably happened this way:
When the old bills were in force,
from the days Of the "shin plasters"
up to the time of those large, elongated
bills that were used prior to 1929, all
sorts Of pictures werc placed on the
face of currency. This made it rather
easy for the counterfeiters. 1t hap
pened, sometimes, that five or six
Presidents of the United States had
their pictures on notes of the same
nomination-bank notes and certifi-
Gates, ETC., so that man might have
pictures of different Presidents on
several pieces of the same value cur
rency, also pictures of Secretaries of
the Treasury.
In 1928, when it was decided 10
make all our paper money on a smaller
scale, some genius in the Treasury
Department-and here the Secret
|. Service stands up and takes a bow
suggested that the counterfeiters
would have a harder time to put over
their bad bills if all Of Uncle Sans
notes bore distinctive portraits-and
a. oAAS cSAAAAV fOACA aus WClC uScQ O1l dll
sorts OF notes Of the same denomina-
tions. Thus If Federal Reserve note
was OF IS value it would contain the
picture Of Lincoln. So would a IS
Treasury note. So would any note Of
that denomination sanctioned by the
Government. That was the first big
stumbling block ever placed in the
way of the counterfeiter.
There are II denominations; and
each one carries standard identifying
portrait. Irrespective of the other
Identifying characteristics on a note,
any note should be recognized merely
by the portrait it bears. So II q man
sets a $40 note bearing the portrait
Of Washington he should know in
stantly that he has 81 silver Ger
tificate altered to represent a $40
bill. Washington's portrait appears
only on the 81 bills and Jackson's
features only on the 20s. That Is
lesson number one in safeguarding
your money.
Evening star., 1937-10-03
Secret Service Expert Advises Public to
Learn Whose Faces Appear on What Bills
as Safeguard Against Phonies.
Two bankers knew the answer-two
bankers out Of 500 in attendance.

Two bankers knew the answer-two
bankers out Of 500 in attendance.
AS FOR that $4,000 bill, no one
could tell the name Of the man
whose picture is engraved on the
face-and it happens to be one of
the least known of our statesmen.
The $4,000 bill carries the picture
Of Samuel Chase, a former Secretary
OF the Treasury and later q justice of
the Supreme Court. All but three of
the portraits on bill faces are those
of Presidents Of the United States.
Benjamin Franklin is honored on the
500 bill and Alexander Hamilton on
the SO bill.
Now, II bankers do not know all
there is to know about the currency
OF America, and cannot tell offhand
what Presidents portrait adorns any
one particular bill, the average man
may be excused for his ignorance
even though his ignorance, in this
instance, may some day cause a direct
loss. For the counterfeiters will get
you if yeu don't watch out.
With the idea Of enlightening the
bankers, getting them more interested
in the details Of currency, and in turn
educating the general public, the
Treasury Department has been CO.
operating with the various financial
organizations
Ace Of all the speakers who 60
out from Washington from time to
time is Julian T. Baber, one Oh the
executive officers Of the Secret Service
and skilled operative.
Mr.. Baber recently delivered an
address before the Virginia Bankers
Association in convention at Mountain
Lake, Va. After serious discussion
Of what he terms the most deliberate
Of all criminals, the counterfeiter, the
Secret Service man put the monied
men on the spot by asking that slight
ly embarrassing question, Whose pic
ture is on the $40 bill?" and all the
others that 60 with it. This is no
place, Of course, to divulge the result
OF the examination. All you have to
DO Is ask your own banker some time
when you catch him out of the bank,
In an unguarded moment Ask him
whose picture is on the $1,000 bill.
On behalf of the bankers, 1t should
be said that while many Of them can
not tell you, ol1hand, just which Pres
1dent's picture is on the face Of $50
bill. the average counterfeiter would
have great diniculty in putting over
queer money on the average banker.
The reasons are simple and yet dim
cult to explain, but Mr.. Baber ex-s
plains them In his lecture. q
Through long experience In han !
ding money" he says, W
Evening star., 1937-10-03

become more or less expert in their
ability to appraise the funds which
pass through their hands. They possess
an intuitive sense which guides them
in their decisions. They instinctively
know a counterfeit when they see one.
They know what few people know.
That is, the character and quality of
our currency and coinage"
FEW people, it is explained by this
expert, know that our currency
notes are printed from steel plates;
that these steel plates originally are
engraved by hand; that the men who
perform this work are the finest en-
gravers in the United States, if not
in the world.
AS Mr.. Baber explains it, Except
for the serial numbering and Treasury
seal, every line on each note stands up
clearly and distinctly. The composite
design represents q challenge to the
finest engraving exhibited in any art
gallery.
Genuine notes are printed on high
grade distinctive paper impregnated
with tiny red and blue silk fiber.
These threads are perhaps difficult
to discern at first glance. They are
placed in the paper to increase its
tensile strength and durability, and
not as a protective feature, as some
people imagine. The lettering on your
engraved personal or business card
shows an appraised surface. Each note
issued by the Government is similarly
made.
Unfortunately, the public does not
take time to study our currency in
terms Of serious consideration. A man
calls at his favorite cigar store and
purchases a box of panetelas He
hands the clerk q $40 note The clerk
gives him in change $75O-a IS bill,
two 81 bills, and a 50-cent coin.
This man, unless he is a better
student than most, does not know for
a fact that his $40 bill is genuine.
Nor does he know that the three bills
he receives in exchange from the
clerk are genuine.
Usually, manor woman-merely
glances at the corner numerals on
each note. Each party to the average
money deal, having glanced at the
corners Of the notes, assumes that
the business transaction is regular in
every aspect" >&
That is where knowing the pictures
comes in handy. Some day somebody
is going to get fooled, just from looking
at the corner Of bill That somebody
will bewail the fact tt 4 he or she was
not more observaD' Too late, such
persons learn to N all their money
and take partir Ar care to look be-
yond the corr numerals. After all,
It's rethe - interesting. study-if
you shav ~ ne time and the money.
Each bill Is . masterpiece in
itseF nd each bill has distinctive
~ 81 bill carries the picture of
IHge Washington.
The 81 bill has the portrait Of
GThomas Jefferson.
Evening star., 1937-10-03

IN THE old days, say 80 years ago,
with the high, wide and handsome
method of turning out Government
currency, there was always danger Of
getting bad note AS the Secret
Service man explains it, Counter
felt notes during the old days were
printed from hand-engraved plates of
excellent workmanship. During that
period-at the end of the Gay Nine
ties-some of the productions were 50
dangerous that the banks throughout
the country were, kept in a state of
feverish excitement. Even experienced
tellers found 1t difficult at times to
detect spurious issues. But with the
simplif1cation Of the modern processes
Of printing and engraving, while the
hand-touch is absent, it has become
easier for the counterfeiter to practice
his art on the grand scale-and the
work Of the Secret Service has in
creased correspondingly.
"The average counterfeit note of
today cannot be compared with the
productions which circulated many
years ago. Notwithstanding this fact,
current counterfeits - sometimes no
better in appearance than cigar store
coupOns-are passed with comparative
ease"
1t was only the other day that
washington woman, 28-year-old
brunette, was arrested for a rank
amateur counterfeiting job. With no
experience whatsoever, she succeeded
in passing of a 81 bill for a ten,
having raised the numeral herself
and in very crude way. Whoever
took that bill, had he remembered
the fact that George Washington's
portrait Is only on the 81 bill, would
have been saved a loss. A $40 bill
without the portrait of Alexander
Hamilton Is worthless. 1t is true, of
course, that expert counterfeiters try
to duplicate the portraiture turned out
at the Bureau Of Engraving and Print
ing-but that has been found to be
an impossibility.
To raise a 81 bill to a $40 bill re-
Quires the making of George WASH
ington into Abraham Lincoln-and
the two men did not look alike from
any angle. To raise $40 bill to q
500 bill means that an artist would
have to make Alexander Hamilton
into Benjamin Franklin.
When the boys set out to make the
real article, OF course-or close prox-
unity to it-that is . different story.
And you'd be surprised to know what
crude material gets by. From his long
experience in dealing with counterfeit
money Mr.. Baber cites some interest,"
ing cases. There was, for instance,
the Missouri school teacher who exer-
cised her talent for drawing by max
ing several $40 notes on q nlimeo-
Evening star., 1937-10-03
By John Jay DAILY.

1AKE, for instance, $1,000 bill.
Or, if you want to go into
the big money, $4,000 bill.
L Better yet, take $4,000 bill,
the biggest of the bills that Uncle
Sam makes. With these three
musketeers, approach any good friend
and ask simple question:
Whose picture is on a $40 bill?"
Chances are the friend will tumble
around for awhile, sputter, and ac-
knowledge that all he ever noticed
about $40 bill, when he saw one, was
the denominational mark.
AS for those /, and 10 thousand
dollars bills. even Treasury of1cials
seldom see them.
"All right" you say, in a chal-
lenging voice, whose picture is on
a IS bill?"
you got me there" he's apt to
admit; call know is that the picture
Of George Washington is on the
81 bill"
And that makes your friend an
average American, for it has recently
come to light that even the bankers
are not familiar with the features
OF all the Presidents who grace the
currency of the United States. Nor of
the other three States then given
similar honors.
This secret is let out by the United
States Secret Service.
Tho Corrof Car1,ioo ,,1,,
the bankers OF this country have 4
common interest in preserving the
integrity of the currency and coinage
of the United States.
If banker doesn't know a good
$40 bill when he sees one, It's Just
too bad for the bank. Or, il, q
banker lets anybody PLAN on 4 500
bill on him, that's 10 times worse.
OF course, it's mighty hard to fool
a banker on dollar bills, but recent
experience has shown that even the
bankers are not quite as familiar
with our currency as they should be.
So this state of affairs led the bank
ers, in their various conventions, to
the conclusion that it would be a
good thing to have Secret Service
men go out on the lecture platform
and tell all about money-especially
how counterfeiters operate, since the
detection of counterfeit is one Of
the prime jobs of the Secret Service.
\ At one bankers convention, after
a Secret Service man had told many
tricks of the trade, he asked how
many men present could tell him
whose picture was on the 81 1000 bill.
Five hands went up in the air.
How many know whose picture Is
on the five-thousand- dollar bill7"
Evening star., 1937-10-03

Many of their builders had experience
during the World War in turning out
the U-boats.
Today's submarine scare in the
Mediterranean has many interesting
angles in international law. For, OBJ
servers point out. the irregular craft
can work at night and by daybreak
Evening star., 1937-10-03
Mediterranean Also Was Theaer of Much Undersea Activity
Conflict 20 Years Ago-Uned States Now Leads World in
Numerical Subm arine Strength

Italy has II submarines, totaling
55,195 tons, that are in tip-top shape;
eight, of 3,235 tons, that are over age,
and ~ are being constructed by the
Mussolini government-totaling a.
036 tons.
GERMANY, which lost all her sub
marines at the close OF the World
War, after writing thrilling chapter
in the history of the seas with her
famed U-boats that came to the very
doors OF America, today has So sub
marines, totaling l2,424 tons displace-
ment, under age. Thanks to the allied
scrapping of her U-boats after the
armistice, the fatherland today pos
sesses not a single over-age craft.
They are all modern and of the latest
design. Some ii submarines, total
ing $500 tons, are now being con-
structed by Hitler.
Russia is said to have SO or more
submarines. A number of new craft
of small coast defense caliber are rep
resented as being stationed at Vladi-
voStok. All told, it is believed that
Red Russia has around so submarines
in active service. The Soviets have
the former British submarine L-55,
which has had an unusual history.
She was lost in the Baltic in 1919, but
salvaged in 1923, reconditioned and
placed back in service. She was sunk
again in October, 1881. but she is now
again in service for training officers
and men.
Spain has about IA submarines. but
just how these are divided between
Franco and the Valencia government
is not known, although the rebel COM
mander has much Of the navy. Some
OF the Spanish submarines have a
displacement of l,050 to 1875 tons.
The cruising radius on the surface is
placed at 5000 miles.
Evening star., 1937-10-03

be back in her own harbor-wherever
that may be.
Although modern navies possess
listening devices for detecting the pres
ence of submarine, when her en-
gines are running, these can be cir
cumvented. 1t is said that during the
World War the German submarines
used to shut of their engines and
Evening star., 1937-10-03

a MEXICAN submarines of today are
vastly different from the war days.
when the tender Tonopah tied up
with her pig boats" at Ponta Del
gada in the Azores. For the pigmy
subs Of yesterday have given way to
the large. roomy craft Of today
larger than the wartime destroyers
Some of these newest submarines of
Evening star., 1937-10-03

drift from the Atlantic into the Medi-
terranean-or vice versa-With the
swift current, defying the artificial
ears of the Allies. The airplane has
extended the eyes of the submarine
searchers, but by lying on the bottom
the undersea craft can clothe herself
with a protecting cloak of water.
Evening star., 1937-10-03

The newest types Of submarines in
Italy have displacement OF 1858
tons. Most Of these are designed for
deep diving and have very strong con-
struction. They are credited with
high safety factors and ease in ma
neuvering. In five and half months
in 1884 the Toti and Sciesa cruised all
around Africa, some $4,000 miles.
The diving limit of the new Ger
man submarines is reported to be so
fathoms. They are built by the
Deutsche Werke at Kiel, by Germania
at Kiel and by Deschimag at Bremen
Evening star., 1937-10-03

the United States have put in, from
time to time, at the Washington Navy
Yard To see the roomy craft, with
newly baked pies on the well-scrubbed
tables awaiting lunch. must make
any sailor man of the days of the
K-boats scoff that the Navy is be-
coming SO effeminate.
The II submarines of the United
The Waterbury Democrat., 1937-10-23
Defective Lights
 Second Principal
 Cause Of Failures
Conditions Here-Crew Three Days Ahead of Schedule Cooperation Greatly Appreciated

4so are expected to return for re checks.
 Ahead of Schedule
 Motor Vehicle Commissioner Mi- chael A. Connor has informed the local lane ofncials that they are three days ahead of schedule. But for the rainy spell encountered m the weather of the past week even more favorable record might have been established. Drivers of cars which were checked and rejected more than five days ago, and have not returned for Q re-check will re- ceive Q card warning that the re- check must be made,
 Reasons Cited
 The usual reasons for rejects are seen in the figures released by MT, Lumpkin. Faulty brakes caused 1,725 rejects; lights, 64S; wheel alignment, l2l; and miscellaneous, 309. Ofacials are most enthusiastic about the response Waterbury mos torists have given their appeal to have cars checked before the cold weather sets in.
 In one way, however, the motor ists have not responded, and that Is to the request that old stickers be removed before appearing for the latest inspection. Inspectors must refuse to pass out new dry stlckerS, but must see them placed on the windshield of the checked car be-. fore 1t leaves the lane.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1937-10-23
ROACH DISCUSSES
 SAFETY CAMP AICN
Reports of Fatal Accidents and Life Injuries Fail to
 Impress Some People

Highway Safety Week, which has been the reason for numerous radio broadcasts on the subject of safer driving, was discussed today by eupt. of Police William J. Roach.
 He stated: "The carnage resulting from motor vehicle accidents has become Q dilemma to all those working for the interests of high- way safety. This reason is why dov- ernor Gross and his highway safety commission have set aside this week to bring to all the people of this state safety Ideas and thoughts that they will carry with them always for the purpose of protecting their own lives and the lives of others; also to reduce fatalities and acci- dents in the state of Connecticut.
 Unfortunately the reiteration of tine records Of deaths and accidents, after c while, become very common place and loses It's effectiveness. I will say, however, that the citizens of Waterbury are developing e safety consciousness and from many sources we are getting demands for increased activity in our work. This is the type of cooperation we need and the type that is necessary for us to continue our outstanding work in accident reduction and preven- tiOn."
The Waterbury Democrat., 1937-10-23
Purse Snatcher

Claiming to be 10 years of age, . yOungster looking more like . youngstcr half that age, was ar- raigned before Judge John Y. Mc- Grath today on . charge of theft. The case was continued two weeks to allow the probation Of. flee to conduct c check-up on the boys associates.
 The lad admitted snatchlng . purse from the hand of Mrs. Da- yid Coleman of 10 Irion street as she walked on Walnut street, the evening of october 10. The purse, containing Sll of the original COn- tents of SIS, has been recovered. ROchOn was arrested by Detective Lieut.. John Calvin and Detective Anthony Mariana.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1937-10-23
-WHY l LIVE IN CONNECTICUT

J. Mortimer Lichtenauer, famed painter of murals and portraits, who lives in Westport gave the State Publicity Commission these reasons why he lives in Connecticut:
 "Many years ago, as youthful New York art stu dent wondered if would be so fortunate as to live in Connecticut. Twenty0ne years later in 1918 built our present home and studio in Westp0rt, the ter of possibly the most interesting community in the Eas Fortunately there is nothing selfconscious about Westport. Each person is permitted all the rights of cut and it's towns-if one generalize-are well gov erned. The taxes less burdensome than in negh- boring states. Although our travels have taken US lands, found nothing to match the subtle charm of the State of Connecticut That is why this artist, like countless others, chose to live in Connecticut"
 -J. MORTIMER LICHTENAUER. ~
The Waterbury Democrat., 1937-10-23

The gang has been extremely ac- tive during the past few months, but their efforts have not resulted in any sensational hauls. Six breaks have netted them approximately $2,o00 and another was unsuccess- full.
 Series of Breaks
 Activities in the safe-cracking business of this city started with a job at the Spencer Hay and Grain Company on East Main street. It was followed in succession then by breaks at Brown Brothers on North Main street, where the greatest haul, $i,600 was made; Miller & Peck's; Ballantines local brewery agency; an attempt at the National Biscuit Company on West Liberty street: and o previous attempt at the Coca Cola works when 1t was located on Sperry street. The latter was frustrated by members Of the motor patrol. The gang was suc- cessful in the break when the cofl1- pany moved to Jefferson street, however.
 Protected
 In the majority of cases the losses were covered by insurance, Although the local situation is tense asi re- suit of the breaks New Haven Is experiencing a far more difficult ex- perience. Safe-breaks in that city have been e matter of particular routine to the police department.
 Practically all the breaks in this city have been completed in the same way. In three of the cases the safes were removed from the office and cracked at 0 far-away spot. In two of such cases the company's own truck was used for the carting purposes.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1937-10-23
Druggists Of State
 Honor Governor Cross
Vote Honorary Membership to Chief Executive-Re' ception Planned for Tuesday Night at Annual Dinner

Lieut.. Gov Frank Hayes. Members
 of the state board Of pharmacy,
 William J. Dunphy, Waterbury, Ed. ward J. Murphy, Manchester, and Hugh P. Beirne, secretary, New Ha- ven; George Blackall, Bristol; Charles Gustafson, Hartford: nlerl- bers of the Connecticut Pharmaceu- ticai association, of which MT. Dun phy Is president, including first vice president Frank Gross, Glenbrook; Thomas Nugent, second vice pres- ident, New Haven; Frank Landy, third vice president, Bridgeport, and Alice Esther darvin, secretary, New Haven: Felix Blanc, inspector, Hart ford; Arthur Rivard, narcotic inc spector, Hartford; Frank J. Green secretary, Waterbury Chamber of Commerce and members of the Connecticut Fair Trade Committee, drug division, including John L. Sehl, treasurer, Hartford; Joseph A. Murphy, Middletown and William II. Meyer, secretary, Hartford,
The Waterbury Democrat., 1937-10-23
Doric Chapter

Walter Forrest was named to the post of master councillor Of Doric chapter, Order of DeMolay, ct Q session held last evening in Masonic temple. Installation will take place Tuesday evening.
 Other officers chosen follow: Senior councillor, Harry Norman; junior councillor, Ellie Davenport; chaplain, John Tripp; senior dea- con, Henry Book; junior deacon, Ted Wilson; treasurer, Peter Da- wis; scribe, Ned Wilson; Senioi steward, William Carew; junior steward, William North; sentinel, Leonard Havana; almoncr, Alex dalbraith; standard bearer, Lou- iS Wenzel; marshal, John Line- burgh; organist, Robert Mills; preceptors. Robert MilleN Mort Tracey, Robert Sullivan, Robert Hills, Charles Crandall. Samuel Mcdiil and Louis Stanley.
 Daughters Of Italy
 Mrs. Mary Deschno is chair man in charge of arrangements for the annual dinner-dance of the Daughters of Italy Circle, Companions Of the Forest, which will Do held at Waverly Inn on December 3. Final plans are being made at the present time. The members of the committee are listed as follows: Mrs. Louise Luc- caro, Mrs. 7lvira Neclerio, Mrs. Samuel Pinto, Mrs. Anna Santa siera, Miss Josephine Vanni, Miss Carmella Petricone and Miss Olga Pioia.