davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1937-09-10
Mamelukes in Egypt Were
Former Glass of Slaves

The Mamelukes were a former
class Of slaves in Egypt, who be-
came and continued for long time
to be the dominant race of that
country. Their name comes from
the Arab, "Mamluk," meaning
slave. AS far back as the year $50
mention is made of them, but it is
not for several centuries thereafter
that they are known as power,
states a writer in the Cleveland
Plain Dealer.
In the Twelfth century the Sultan
of Egypt bought of Genghis Khan
$4,000 Circassian, Mingrelian, Tar
tar and Turkish slaves, and in the
year 1910 Malek Sulah made them
his bodyguard, and ten years later
they killed Turan Shah and be-
came masters of Egypt. In more
modern times they played an i'm
portant part in the battle of the
Pyramids in 1898, where they were
exhibited as fine horsemen, but
where they were annihilated. The
great part of their number were
massacred by Mehemet Ali in 1911,
remnant only escaping, and for a
few years maintaining themselves
at New Dongola, but these were ex-
terminated in 1920.
The Mamelukes kept up their
numbers by the purchase of Circas-
sian and Georgian slaves; their
wives, of the same stock, and also
acquired by purchase, generally
proved childless in the climate of
Egypt, and their inheritance, there
fore, was usually from master to
slave and not from father to son.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1937-09-10
"COme to luncheon"

Words are constantly changing.
"Apple," for instance, comes from
the Anglo-Saxon "aeppel," and once
everyone in Britain called it map
ple." The word butterfly" was orig
inally "hutter by" a more appro-
pirate description. Luncheon" was
once luncheon" and, in fact, num-
cheon is still an alternative word,
though seldom used, says London
Tit-Bits Magazine. In olden times
laborers in the fields disliked work
ing in the monday heat, so they
Stunned it and came in for a meal,
which was known as "noonchion.
There are many other words in the
English language which have be-
come twisted in the course of cen.
turies-though a horse was never
ga norse," as, some would have it.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1937-09-10
Ringhals, South African Cobra

The ringhals, a South African
cobra, is an interesting member of
the numerous cobra family. This
snake is sooty black in color and
rarely exceeds five feet in length,
but it's most distinctive character
istic is it's ability to "spit" venom
when annoyed. This it can do with
amazing accuracy, and many a
man has received virulent stream
of poison square in the eye even
while standing several feet from the
snake. The mechanism of this spit
ting seems to be that by contrac-
ton of the poison glands the venom
is forced out through the fangs and
at the same time a blast of air is
violently exhaled. Although such an
external infliction of poison is not
apt to be fatal, there is great
danger of it's permanently binding
the unfortunate victim who receives
it in his eyes.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1937-09-10
WORLD ECONOMIC COOPERA-
TION

Plans for a nationwide campaign
of public education on problems of
world economic cooperation to be
carried on under the auspices of
large number of national organiza-
tions working through the National
Peace Conference, were announced
yesterday by John Nevin Sayre, pres
ident of the Conference.
The campaign will be launched at
public mass meeting to be held
on Sunday, September 10, from 400
to Sis O'Clock Eastern Daylight
Time at the Columbia Radio Theatre
No. /, at PAP West 45th Street, New
York City, with Secretary of State
Cordell Hull as the leading speaker
Secretary Hull's speech will be
broadcast to- the world over the facil-
tiles provided by the Columbia
Broadcasting System and several
foreign networks.
In his announcement Mr.. Sayre
stated that more than twenty organ
izations, having an estimated COM
bined constituency of twenty-five
million persons, were participating
in the campaign. Clark M. Eichel-
berger of the League of Nations
Association and Ray Newton of the
Emergency Peace Campaign are
directing the campaign from head
quarters at 8 West 4Oth Street, New
York City.
In outlining the purpose of the
drive to arouse the American public
to seek the solution of economic
problems now vexing the world, Mr..
Eichelberger said;
This campaign is based upon &C.
onomic and social justice. World
peace demands policies. 1t cannot be
had by mere resolution. Indeed the
slogan might we'll be the foundation
document of the International Labor
Organization which declares that
peace can be established only if
it is based upon social justice"
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1937-09-10
How to Check Nail Biting

Specialists of the American Medi-
cal association believe children bite
their finger nails as the result of a
poor state of health and that moth
ing will cure the habit but effective
health-improving measures. Nerv-
BUSINESS caused by over-excitement,
nagging, or other home irritations
and mental or physical fatigue re-
sulting from lack of sleep, too much
play or work, or too difficult school
work will often cause nail biting,
it is believed. Parents are told of
the futility of resorting to punish
ments, ETC., and are advised that
the only remedy lies in safeguard
ing and improving the child's gen.
eral health.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1937-09-10
PROGRESS IN SAFETY LEGISLA-
TION

During the 1887 legislative ses-
sions, a number of states made
material contributions to the vital
cause of traffic safety.
Nine states adopted the standard
drivers license measure-considered
by safety authorities to be an alb
solutely essential step in pl evening
accidents. Three other states adopted
license measures which, though
nop-standard, are believed worth
while. Two states revised and mod
ernized their entire motor vehicle
codes. A number of states worked
toward achieving uniform traffic leg
islation. In several states traffic pa
trolls were extended and reorgani5ed,
and improved systems of training
officers established.
As the managing director OF the
National Safety Council points out,
"The country must not make the
grave mistake of expecting too much
OF these laws in too short time.
The license law passed today cannot
save lives tomorrow. No one would
expect an army of green recruits to
rout a firmly entrenched enemy after
the first drill period. Give it time
The long view must always prevail"
However, over period Of months
and years, progress in safety legisla-
ton will save thousands of lives and
millions of dollars worth of property.
Incredible as it seems, in three
states only are chauffeurs required
to have a motor vehicle operators
license-and in two states no license
for anyone is required! We still have
a long way to go before the high
ways are made safe-only public
opinion can bring corrective action.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1937-09-10
WORKING FOR UNCLE SAM

Onlcial figures show that there
were S57, 220 persons on the Govern
ment pay roll in June to whom salar-
les totaling 9,O5O,938 were paid.
Insluded were 1882 employed in
the National Capital. The month of
June showed an increase of employees
outside of Washington of 2,O0S and
a decrease Of sos in the District of
Columbia.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1937-09-10
FREAK MARCH

What was called national job
march resulted in more than a
thousand jobless members of the
Workers Alliance showing up in
Washington before Congress adj
journed and they kept coming. Harry
L. Hopkins gave them assurance that
WPA rolls would not be reduced fur
Their before the end of next winter,
but the marchers served notice on
the, Administrator that they would
keep right on coming.
Most of them did not look like
persons who wanted to work at any
thing.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1937-09-10
How to Detect Printed Stamps

The rotary press stamps are
slightly larger than stamps printed
on dat-bed presses. They are also
perforated II by 1O1a in contrast to
hat-plate stamps, which are perfor-
ated II by II. Offset stamps are
prepared by the photographic or
some similar process, unlike regular
issues, which are printed from the
engraved plates. AS a result, the off
set stamps have a fiatter appear
ance, or a lack of depth in the de-
sign, compared with stamps printed
from engraved plates.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1937-09-10

The first session Of the 18th Con-
gress of the United States has passed
into history. AS was forecast at its
beginning, it was the scene of some
of the most bitter verbal battling
of the postwar era. It deliberated
some of the most important measures
ever laid before the legislative
branch of the government. Dominat-
ed as it was by an overwhelming
party majority, it closed amid in
creasing inter-party strife that may
revolutionize the existing two-party
system.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1937-09-10
Red Tires Soldiers

At the beginning Of the present
century, the British army learned
a great deal about the effect of
color on human beings. For one
thing, it found that on long marches
regiments in red uniform became
fatigued more quickly than those in
gray or green. A line of brightly
uniformed men tired the eyes Of
those walking behind. Moreover,
they appeared too conspicuously
against the landscape. That Is why
oiive-drab or Khaki became the col
or for fighting armies all over the
world.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1937-09-10
Extensive Food

A wafer once was something more
than the name connotes, judging by
a record of the court of claims for
the coronation of Henry v. The rec
ipe for the service of providing wa
fers for the kings table, according
to a book called Royal Westmin-
ster and the Coronation" contained
these ingredients: A pipe of flour,
thirty loaves Of sugar, twenty
pounds of almonds, two pounds of
ginger, half a pound Of saffron, a
pipe OF osey. three gallons of oil.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1937-09-10
SPEED LAW IN PENNSYLVANIA

A law Sept. 1 increased the speed
limit on Pennsylvania highways from
forty to fifty miles an hour. This
boosts the Commonwealth from the
slow-speed group of states to among
the highest.
A twenty-five or thirty-five miles
speed limit in business or residential
districts replaces the twenty-mile
limit, If 'iofficial" signs are posted.
The twenty-mile limit Is retained for
vehicles approaching within 200 feet
Of a railway grade crossing.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1937-09-10
How Fascist, Nazi Originated

The term Fascist originated in
the use of the fasces, which was a
bundle of rods, containing an ak,
carried by the lictors before the
magistrates of ancient Rome as
symbol of authority. The word Nazi
is used to describe the German Ma
tional Socialist Workers party and
from the German form of the name
Observation-Disclosures Deutsche Ar
better Partei.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1937-09-10
BLUE DUST STORMS

Astronomers are puzzled to account
for the strange haze that suddenly
cloaked the planet Mars and then
vanished abruptly. Read this in
tensly interesting scientific story in
the September 18th. issue of the
American Weekly. the big magazine
which comes every week with the
Baltimore Sunday American. On sale
at all newsstands
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1937-09-10
How Damascus Steel Was Made

Damascus steel was made by
welding together small pieces of
iron and steel of varying compost
ton and then working the composite
mass down. The inhomogeneity of
the steel produced a figured effect
on polished surface. This was usu-
ally brought out still more clearly
by etching with acid which attacked
the component materials differently.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1937-09-10
How to Make "Bone-W White"

What is termed a "bone-white"
finish is produced by tinting white
paint with very little raw sienna
and raw umber. Applying slightly
tinted glazing liquid with the same
coloring matter over a white back
ground will produce still better
effect.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1937-09-10
HOW:
TO TREAT A PATIENT FOR

TO TREAT A PATIENT FOR
HEMORRHAGE FROM NOSE
Severe bleeding is an occurrence
which usually causes alarm even
if it only comes from the nose.
In some cases nose-bleeding can
be beneficial For instance, in
those who suffer from high blood
pressure, it acts as kind OF
safety valve. Generally, hemor-
rhage from the nose is either the
result of injury or congestion of
the lining membrane.
The correct treatment is to
place the patient in a chair-sit-
ting up, not lying down-for this
latter position would increase the
flow, states a physician in Pear
sons London Weekly. The arms
should be supported so that they
do not press on the chest wall,
for that also tends to encourage
bleeding. Loosen all tight cloth
ing about the neck and upper
part of the chest and waist. In
struct the patient to breathe
through the mouth and prefera-
bly, place him near an open win
dow.
Cold should be applied to the
back of the neck and to the
bridge of the nose. The old-fash-
Toned remedy of placing large
door-key down the back of the
neck worked well enough simply
because the key remained cold
for an appreciate time-but it
had to be big key. A sponge or
towel wrung out of cold water is
better.
If these efforts do not succeed,
a doctor should be called in.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1937-09-10

AL Smith, after visiting in Italy.
says there is no doubt the Italians
are pleased with fascism, but that
NO such form of government could
obtain in the United States until.
FIRST, we have torn up the Declaration
OF independence, and second, thrown
the Constitution in the ash can.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1937-09-10
How to Remove Gum

The white of an egg will remove
gum that has stuck to clothes. Rub
egg on the gum and it may be re-
moved without leaving a spot.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1937-09-10
How RattIesnake Meat Is Used

The meat of rattlesnakes is some
times fried and in some localities
the canned meat is served as an
hors d'oeuvre with cocktails. -
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1937-09-10

The theory back lof limitededi-
lions is that mediocrity has merit
if you limit the quantity.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1937-09-10

The San Francisco earthquake was
the most disastrous in North America
during historic times.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1937-09-10

A man seldom exhibits his temper
until after he loses it.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1937-09-10

Hearts often agree where wise
heads differ.
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1937-08-12
FORD SALES SET
DECADE RECORD

Marking its greatest production
wear since 1880. Ford Motor COM
pany today manufactured the one
millionth Ford VS. TO be built in
the United States during the 1887
production season.
The million ears and trucks were
built in United States plants within
So months. the first of the 1887
series having been built in October.
1896.
The Ford VS. thus is the only a
TO reach the one-million production
mark in tire United States for the
current season. This brings the to-
tai of Ford cars built since 1903 to
more than $4,000, 600.
The one-million total did not in
clude Ford VS. production in Can
ada. nor Lincoln and Lincoln-Zephyr
production in the United States nor
the production of Ford Motor com
pany, Limited, of Dagenham, Eng
land, Matford. the French Ford
company at Asnieres, France, nor
the German Ford company at Col
ogne, Germany.
Ford-Canada production for the
current season Today totalled $500
and Lincoln and Lincoln-Zephyr pro-
duction of 1887 series cars 2S.500.
Excluding production by the Eng
fish, German and French companies,
all Independent Ford manufacturing
companies, the total of Ford VS.,
Lincoln and Lincoln-Zephyr produc-
tion in the United States and Can
ada for the current production sea
son runs TO approximately 1885,
600.
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1937-08-12
REF|NERS
HAVING BIG YEAR

With the proclamation of the
week of August / TO Z as Montana
made Gasiline week, Montana re-
timers are at the peak of the great
est season in the history of Montana
refining with Montana-made sales
already exceeding the sales OF i'm
ported gasoline in the first six
months period.
During the first six months of
the present year, Montana refiners
have manufactured 3~5,474.4S7 gal
Ions of which 7.231.34S gallons were
exported to Canada, Idaho and other
states. marketing 2S,243,039 gal
Ions to the Montana trade.
In the same period, importers
shipped in and marketed 22.567,-
S23 gallons of gasoline manufac-
tured in other states.
June sales found the gasoline In
dustry getting into summer stride,
when Montana refiners produced
~S,425.544 gallons of gasoline and
exported 2.0S7s099 gallons mark
citing 6.33S.455 gallons in Montana.
Importers in June shipped In
5,03S,42 gallons and exported 10.
PSI gallons. making Montana sales
total 5.019, 261 gallons.
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1937-08-12
COMERTOWN
Murfel Myars

Robert Mangel and Andrew Espen
spent a few days this week at the
Turtle mountains.
Oscar Clemetson, Andrew Vogt
and Arthur Hensler are now var
nishing the interior of the school
building.
Egil Strand was a P~lentywood
caller Tuesday.
Cards have been received an
%nouncing the birth of a baby girl
Marie Constance, to Mr.. and Mrs.
Laurence Human. Mr.. Human was
the upper grades teacher here last
year.
Bonnie Carson. Paul Olson and
knneth Erickson, who have been
at eastern points looking for work,
returned home Thursday.
Eda Hove of Westby is spending
a few days this week visiting with
Mildred Myars.
Muriel Myars returned home Sun
day after spending the past weeks
visiting at the Kenneth Hoist home
in Cole. Mont.
Robert Mangel and Oscar Olson
were hauling gravel for the Luther
an church building Friday.
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1937-08-12
HOMESTEAD

Clarence Johnson and Charlie
Dodge sided the north end of the
H. A. Knudtson store Thursday and
on Friday Clifford Waller applied a
coat of paint.
The All club girls accompanied
by Mr.. and Mrs. Hollie S~killingberg
drove to Sidney Thursday. They Wis
tied the pop factory at Fairview
and then the bakery. the creamery
and flour mill at Sidney.
Mrs. NJ. P. Dalby. Eunice and
Maurice Anderson returned from
New Deal Saturday. Floyd Bradsho
brought them home.
Philip Foss returned home Thurs
day after being employed at Plenty
wood for the past two or three
weeks.
Myron Waller and Glenn Bradshc
left for Billings by car Tuesday
morning to search for work. Word
has been received that Myron has
been employed as clerk in the Sears
Roebuck store at Billings.
Mrs. Hans Skillingberg enter
tanned a few ladies at a coffee party
Friday afternoon. Guests Of honor
were Mrs. G. johnson Of Cokato
Mimi, and Mrs. Halle Skillingberg
who celebrated her birthday on tina
day.
The Frank French house wal
moved out Of Homestead this week
Work was done by a Wolf Poin'
contractor.
Mr.. Dively. former Frod instruct
or. visited with Arnold Johnson thi,
week.
G. j. Pattison, Homestead's post
master, has been i'll with the ha,
fever. He went to Williston to con
suit a doctor Saturday and entered
the hospital there that evening. w,
hope for a speedy recovery. Richard
Sell is helping in the post office.
Clarence Johnson and Charli,
Dodge left Friday morning for west
ern points searching for work.
Aida Jacobson. who is employed
at Poplar, spent Sunday at her hom,
here.
Mrs. Hollie Skillingberg, Mildred
and Betty Jean helped Mrs. Stanel
celebrate her birthday Saturday
They also helped her re-upholste
a large chair.
Mr.. and Mrs. Elmer Strandlunt
and children transacted business ii
Williston Friday afternoon.
MI. and Mrs. Gilbert Bratvold an,
children motored to Grenora, N. d.
Wednesday evening.
Mrs. A. J.. Olson and daughte
Norma accompanied Mrs. Enger o
Froid on a vacation trip which will
include stops at Havre. Glacier park
Whitehsh and other cities of west
ern Montana.
G. c. Gronlie, accompanied by hi
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1937-08-12

ives. Mrs. Thompson's nephew, Ken
for a visit.
Mr.. and Mrs. l.. 0. Morgan re-
turned Thursday to Outlook after a
trip of 10 weeks. The trip included
travel through North Dakota, Min
nesota and Iowa. Mrs. Morgan is the
former Dorothy Strubeck of Plent-
ywood. Mr.. Morgan plans to teach
again this year.
A son was born to Mr.. and Mrs.
Louis Beckers July 81. He has been
named Eldon Edward.
Mrs. Oscar Storaasli and infant
son Leroy Oscar left the Benson
home Friday.
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1937-08-12
EDEN VALLEY
Mrs. George Hunter

Mr.. and Mrs. Edward Strand and
son and Mr.. and Mrs. Lyle Francis
and family were visitors 1t the Hun
ter home Monday afternoon.
Mrs. Caroline Epler, who has
spent the past two months visiting
friends here and at Antelope, left
Wednesday for Fargo. N. D., and
Ottertail, Mimi. She may decide to
locate at the latter place.
A party of neighbors consisting OF
E. V. Francis, Alfred Wibe, Geo
Hunter and son Murray, Claus
Strand and N. Nelson. gathered al
the N. B. Saxton home Tuesday fol
an old fashioned bee, to build 8
fence for Mrs. Saxton. They were
given a turkey dinner with all the
trimmings and a delicious lunch was
served during the afternoon.
Betty Jean Hanson Of Reserve
spent the week and at the Murray
Hunter home.
Herbert Saxton of Fort Peck ar.
rived Friday evening for a visit with
his mother and other relatives. He
returned to his work Monday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Magnus Aasheim oil
Belfry visited over the week end al
the Sven Aasheim and ]. L. Clark
homes.
Mrs. VIM. Hunter and daughter
Mrs. C. Krone called at the Stevens
and Hunter homes Friday evening
Mrs. Krone and son left for their
home in Los Angeles, Calf, Monday
by car.
Mr.. and Mrs. Claus Strand and
sons shopped in Plentywood Satur-
day.
Thorvil Brekke was a Wednesday
afternoon visitor at the G. Hunter
home.
Edw. Strand called at the A. Wibt
home Monday.
Mr.. and Mrs. N. E. Hunter were
visitors at the Julius Roam home II
Plentywood Saturday evening.
The many friends Of Mrs. Gus
Strand will be glad to know tina
she is steadily improving.
Mr.. and Mrs. E. V. Francis an,
daughter Verna drove to Plenty
wood Saturday to visit their so
Shirley who was injured.
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1937-08-12
BY Montana Extension Service

by Montana EAteIlSIOu SSTNiCc
Montana dairymen will be inter-
ested in a new circular just issued
by the Montana Extension service,
production of Quality Cream
Written by DR.. j. A. Nelson, head of
the dairy industry department at
Montana State college, and j. 0.
Tretsven, extension dairy specialist,
the circular takes up all phases OF
cream production from feeding and
care of the cows to delivering the
product. Copies of the circular may
be obtained from county extension
agents or by writing the Montana
Extension service. Bozeman, and
asking for Circular No. S3.
Sixty-seven percent, or more
than 283 million acres of the to-
tai crop land in the United States
was covered by applications for
grants made by farmers under the
1886 agricultural conservation
program OF the AAA.
Weeds, because Of their ability to
hold the soil in place on summer
fallow. may prove to be a valuable
aid to Montana dry land farmers
this year, says Ralph D.. Mercer. ex-
tension agronomist. Because this
year follows several years of drouth,
the soil surface in some e Ia
fluffy and contains little fibrous ma
terial to hold it in place. AS a result
blowing has been evere and it is
important that every means, includ-
ing weeds, be used to hold the soil.
He suggests allowing weeds to grow
only because of the danger Of soil
blowing. If moisture conditions i'm
prove and the fbrous material In the
soil is increased, then the usual
clean fallow should become the es-
tablished practice. However, he
points out, IL cultivation is advisable
in some areas, mo implement
! should be used that will leave a pull
verified surface"
Too many grasshoppers may be
dangerous for young turkeys,
warns Miss II. e. Cushman, ex-
tension poultry specialist.