davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Waterbury Democrat., 1937-10-16

sings as well before the camera, eliminating three years of voice study.
 "The Bride Wore Red" directed by Dorothy Arzner and produced by Joseph Mankiewicz, is the story of a waterfront waif,, who becomes a society belle for @ month by the chance of fate. It was adapted to the screen from Ferenc Molnar's stage success, "The Girl from Trieste"
 Franchot Tone in the role of Q humble postmaster wins the star for the first time in the many pie lures in which he and Miss Craw- ford have appeared together.
 Young, as the "other man." is giv- en his greatest acting opportunity in the new film as Q result of his outstanding work in the recent T Met Him in Paris"
 Dorothy Arn0er, Hollywood's only woman director, directed "The Bride Wore Red" The cast went up into the high Sierra ranges to film the
The Waterbury Democrat., 1937-10-16
JIM CARTY JOINS
 STAGE CAST HERE
Big-Time Star of Few Years Back to Appear
 With Mastersingers

Waterbury entertainment enthusi- asts will welcome the return of Jim Carty who will appear as master oi ceremonies during the annual con- cert and revue of the Mastersingers Male chorus under the direction oi Joseph H. Lezotte at Temple Hall Friday evening, November 5th. Jim Carty, a native of the city, won na- tional fame when he was one of the outstanding performers on Broad- way for 8 number of years. He ape peared with George Whites Scan- dals.
 After a long period of active per- forn1ance Jim retired and took up residence near Hartford, where he has become known as an hnkeeper During the past several years he has been host to many home town visitors. He renewed hundreds of local acquaintances a few years ago when he returned to the Brooklyn section where he was born, to serve as interlocutor with St. Patrick's minstrels at St. Joseph's hall and gave masterful renditions of "The Big Bass Viol", and Bells of the Lighthouse"
The Waterbury Democrat., 1937-10-16
In The Local
 TheNterS
STATE

A lavish musical drama taken from the pages of one of the most stirring periods in American history is High, Wide and Handsome" starring Irene Dunne, which heads a triple treat program at Warn. ers' State theater today, tomorrow and Monday.
 Back to the period in American history when Pennsylvania farmers were fighting to establish the inc dustry that has lighted the lamps of the world" went Paramount for this impressive singing saga. Using the historical facts, surrounding the first discovery of oil in the little town of Titusville in 1859, as the basis for its narrative, the picture succeeds in giving a convincing re- alism to those exciting days, with the added enchantment of songs in- terpreting the gayest spirit of the times.
 Irene Dunne, in the role of @ car- nival songstress, gives to the world the latest melodies of Oscar Ham merstein II, and Jerome Kern, in- cluding that rollicking title song everyone is already humming, High, Wide and Handsome" & couple ot romantic melodies striking for their simplicity, Can I Forget You" "rhe Things Want" and a song renlin- iscent of robust bygone days, "Alle- gheny AL" "The Folks Who Live on the Hill" is another of the quaint and appealing light operatic airs destined to last long time.
 Randolph Scott, who gave such splendid performance in "So Red the Rose" is featured with Miss Dunne, playing the role of the grim but courageous pioneer fighting to keep the oil industry free from ex- plotting capital.
 Others in the cast include Dor- othey Lamorr, Charles Bickford, Elizabeth Patterson and Alan Hale.
 Who's that lady John Trent is 50 attentive to in She's No Lady,, the comedy romance on this program2
 The third attraction is Edgar Ber- gen and Charlie Mccarthy, those radio favorites, in Charles newest comedy "Neckin' Party"
The Waterbury Democrat., 1937-10-16
POLES

Joan Crawford dances in 6 motion picture for the first time since Dancing Lady" She learned the tango and several native dances of Trieste, for her role as Anni, a cabaret entertainer, in "The Bride Wore Red" Her new starring, in which Franchot Tone and Robert Young are featured, opens today at the Loew Poll theater for four day engagement.
 Miss Crawford placed herself on a rigorous schedule of lessons and exercises, working on the dances for two hours each morning and after noon while leraning the difficult routines.
 Dancing is no novelty to the star, but in "The Bride Wore Red," she
The Waterbury Democrat., 1937-10-16

In letter Former Champ Primo writes that
 completely healed that sometime this month will his film in Italy He cCncudes hope first visit friend ing the firm intention marrying" pness lady, Elsa Maxwell snubbed Rva the river its mistress Barbara Gene H dt of the late coffee emr of the Coast and Keith Topping former Stanford American will 1t late Autumn eOpement What happened between the time
 the American Mercury advertised its October issue and the date which the published? The censored" paned that America savage censorship its October which featured artcle La Secretary Perkins, But 10 the October number and lists Perkins tain it Why?
The Waterbury Democrat., 1937-10-16

pupils gave short talks on subjects listed on the program:
 Mildred Lepone, "The Great River of China; Bernice Kavelis An Open Air Restaurant, Peiping"; Robert Kearney, Chinese Tes Shop; Fannie Cortigiano, "silk- worm Incubator; Japan: Adells Maculis, Feeding Silkworrns';' Helen Bubul, "Cocoons of Silkworrns" Eugenia Strong, "Wood Carriers Seoupl": Michael Varanelli, Jap anese Tea Gatherer."
The Waterbury Democrat., 1937-10-16
BOB GLEASON AT
 PARK TOMORROW

Hamilton park pavilion is once again proving the mecca for dance and music lovers in this vicinity with the resumption of the regular
 Sunday night dances and feature bands. Tomorrow night will witness the first New England appearance of @ young bandsman, Bob Gleason. whose rythms have been heard thrice weekly during the past sum- mer from Reads Million Dollar Casino at Asbury Park N. J. The band is comprised of IA people in- cluding @ girl vocalist. Following
The Waterbury Democrat., 1937-10-16

patrons for some time to come.
 Rated as @ great burlesque show, well-organized cast, and full of a variety of pleasant entertainment the Pleasure Mad" unit of the Hirst circuit comes to this city next week, starting with the usual Mon- day matinee. .. .,
 A great comedy team, Charles (Red) Marshall and $50 pound Harry Hyatt vie for audience ap- peal with sparkling Bubbles Yvonne while the lovely Edna Dee, @ prime local favorite will also be seen in the show.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1937-10-16

mountain wilderness for beauty of setting and background. but down in the M-G-M studio they pro- vided the stirring dramatic plot that made the original story, "rhe Girl from Trieste" noe of the greatest stage hits of all time.
 Billie Burke and Reginald Owen for ma comedy team that is incoril. parable. Lynne Carver, the Ken- lucky beauty, has e romantic role, and others in the sparkling cast are George zucco, Mary Phillips, Paul Forecast, Kickie Moore and Frank Puglia.
 "The Bride Wore Red," according to all advance indications, gives Joan Crawford her outstanding dramatic role and 1t also has c Mol rlar story with Q heart. The cofns panion feature on the program is "Dangerously Yours" with Cesar Romero and Phyllis Brooks.
 The rncas used shark teeth as
The Waterbury Democrat., 1937-10-16

at Fl Morocco Friday detective accompanying young Vtoo MussOni Arthur entering with suspicious package The dick
 atChed the bundle Browns and started to rush when Arthur convinced him by tearing off the birthday gift his wife Sportsman James Mckinley Bryant and his bride desert Manhattan for Holly Shirley final divorce Tuesday from Comedian ports gross $7OOO Jim ahals Death From 1he Sky" n COier's-and shudder-and wonder!
The Waterbury Democrat., 1937-10-16
ProttLe and TattIe!

The divorced rom each (pay- wright Fanny Todd MichelD third
 friends insist He's the Radio City Music Hall producer Starr Brock hose name buEzed the headlines when she lost spson whom most of the dispute Special tor Deweys assistant Wm Heands will the Great Experiment with Gertrude Bendhem The that teanetz and Lily Pons quietly linked ectoy Little Church Around using name of MenteS But at the rectoy denial made yey that such merger took place.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1937-10-16

Blonde Vera Milton who fled from Husband Bill Davidson Mill waukee bandead reported his alleged ce here has apparnty fled back to him. Wh here h stany with her former spouse Wm Kohm Hollywood happy the popular Arthur reconced Aside Country: po-my Charles artel edtorshp maganehs berth Topcs-and that's differently Bennett Cerf phcnng Gene Fowler reported enthusiastically the review FOws Salute Yesterday by the critic of the Buffalo News The characters fitted fecty that combines laughter irony Candde the pathetic capngs Charlie Chaplin" What?" exploded Fowler mention of Daryl Zanuck
 George Raft highpriced spent than Monday night the Cotton Club office taking reservations telephone exploding from time to tme Sorry can't hold table after midnight"
The Waterbury Democrat., 1937-10-16

Sophie Fuckers Ray at the Inena- Frank Parker hOpped te New Haven yesy inspect musical Betwen the Dev Juvenile the premiers In Man. haitian lecture bureau willing tc offer the Duke Windsor Q for lectures wky during his visit here The Engshes he's the Brooklyn Dodgers shOrsop-are ported in marital numerically orthe break H. Rogers rs the Georgia sweet Beverly King Just stray thought: Wonder happen reta Gabo makes footprints of time?
The Waterbury Democrat., 1937-10-16

George Madeline selwood peach hot Tommy Hggnses (Jua Donahue) served the bassine before Xmas Hress Gloria Speckes admitting that her with Bridge Expert Huber Boscow should take place before another full The Wm (Wan Waer) Froichs decided it's useshes off Reno
 Jack Kriender and sh Bngsey will adore this Bobby La Banche of their best figured both Club those barber upstairs trimmed downstairs may well get trimmed upstairs, toop
The Waterbury Democrat., 1937-10-16
BARNARD PUPILS
 PRESENT PROGRAM

The initial assembly program of the 1937-38 scholastic year at Barnard school was held yesterday by the pupils of the eighth grade. 'Stereoptican Views" was the title of the program and the following
The Waterbury Democrat., 1937-10-16

Weeks Top 1ndorsements The murderos thrills the Rodeo Iris Adan conception of Sadie Thompson in the rain musicazatons of Eddie Ekns and his band at the Yacht Club Julia shawel first novel; Dito Marons instructive
 How Write and Sell Film Stories The inanit of the rough steps dancing genius the Paradise Tommy Lnans husky the early hours at the Oaks
The Waterbury Democrat., 1937-10-16
/. THE VOICE OF Broadway
 By Louis SOboI

During the Illness Waiter Wincne confined to hotel apartment in Hollywood through Waterbury Democrat win Louis SObOEs column place WmcheHEditOr).
The Waterbury Democrat., 1937-10-16
JACQUES PATRONS
 IN FOR A TREAT
Bubbles YvOnne Here Next Week; Great Comedy
 Team to Appear

With @ company including 16 principals, 8 brightly costumed chorus the two act presentation will be well-remembered by burlesque
The Waterbury Democrat., 1937-10-16

Shipping Heir Lewis Luckenbach is "ange supplying the heavy dO for the forthcoming musical Right This Way shOe Shine B and Anne Paige the thrush chanting the oldest Mack "ller" giving most of the caboned about his Coast Joyce Matthews the Para mount beauty Lou HOlS the of the FrOls in the handed to him daiysad his salary out of proportion to the business being done
 Montgomery Fagg model Manners Atty Irving exciting twOsome Floral Impression of LaGuarda: wild flower growing a political stump
The Waterbury Democrat., 1937-10-16

several ballroom dates around Bos- ton, the Gleason band goes on to location at one of the Swank Bos-
 ton niteries. Dancing Sunday night at the Park gets underway at
 8:30 and continues until midnight.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1937-10-16

The company with which he ap- pears next month has been herald ed about the state as Connecticut's leading male chorrs and has been in demand during the past three years for fraternal, industrial, church organization, and radio en- tertainments. Dancing will follow the stage attraction with music by Timmie Crowe's orchestra.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1937-10-16

The 1ncas used shark teeth as surgical Instruments.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1937-02-11
New Sandy Greek
Glass in Meeting

The Everready~ Glass of New Sandy
Creek church met in the home of Mrs.
Harold uler. Friday night wi h Mrs
fuller and Mrs. w. P. Wright as
ONT hostesses. The meeting was
ale. 20 C4uer by the p4es.ue44. u44 5.
: A. Faulkner. Mrs. G. F. Ayscue
ad charge of the following program:
o~c,:-, to-- Sr-c II h-,e>,- .
How we attain the highest success"
Mrs. Harold Fuller; ana reaolng,
Big Bud Mrs. p. w. Wright.
During social hour, conducted by
Is. 4 T.. Eaul'-ner. ref-nshr> .,T@
we're served to the following: Mes
&. p,g ~. teshn''. ~ cen Faux
.cr. C. F. Ayscue, Carl Williams, Mar
vim Howell, Melvin Faulkner, Hor-
ce Fuller, G. A. Faulkner, Misses
olivia and Nellie Faulkner, Ann Will
liaI,ls, and Carl Williams, Marvin
Howell, c. F. Ayscue, D. T. Ayscue,
Melvin Faulkner A. L.. Faulkner, H
v. Faulkner, Jr., Cecil Faulkner, P.
w. Wright, L. d. Faulkner Carl
Williams, Jr., Startling Faulkner and
A. l.. Faulkner, Jr.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1937-02-11
Methodist Class
With Mrs. Robards

The Whitmort Wesley class of the
First Methodist church met Tuesday
evening at the home of Mrs Frank
Robards, on Chestnut street with Mrs.
Robards, Mrs. M. S. Fowler, Mrs. Sue
Mabry, Mrs. d. p. Coghill, and Mrs.
G. w. Furqueron as hostesses.
The meeting was presided over by
Mrs. Mary F. Green, who announced
a shower to be given for the new par
sonage dishes. The pattern was to
re chosen by a committee.
Various reports were heard from
the committee heads and plans were
made to have radios repaired at the
Scott Parker Sanitorium. Miss
Josephine Thurston requested all
members who had clothes to give
away to give them to her for some
under privileged children at North
Henderson.
A very entertaining Valentine con-
test was conducted by Mrs. J. w. San
ders. who had charge of the program.
At the close of the meeting, the
hostesses. assisted by Mrs. Robards'
son and daughter, served delicious re-
freshments to the thirty-six members.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1937-02-11
Marrow's Chapel
BY MISS EDYTHE TIPPETT.

By MISS EDYTHE TIPPETT.
The farmers have been busy prepar-
ing tobacco seed beds.
Mr.. and Mrs. r. E. Shotwell and
daughter, Miss Betsy Shotwell visit
ed Mrs. Emma Shotwell Sunday after
noon.
Visitors in the home of Mrs. F. A.
Tippett, Sunday were H. T. Shanks,
Taylor and Graves Shotwell and Mis-
Mary Shotwell. .' V
Miss Ava Woody has accepted a
position as secretary of Brentwood
hospital, Oxford.
j. H Rice had for his guests ut
a chitterling supper Saturday night.
Messrs. H. M. Robinson, E. o. Falk-
ner and D. l.. McCallum.
Mesdames Marsh and Norman
Greenway visited Miss Ellen Rice
Monday afternoon
Messrs. A. P. Hicks and F. A. Tip
petit spent while Saturday after
noon at Warrenton on business.
Mrs. Emma Shotwell is visiting re-
latives at StovaE this week.
Little Feggy Shotwell is NUM- ere'
with The sick. We wish for you 9
speedy recovery, Peggy.
So glad to report that G. H. Tip
petit continues 70 improve
There will be services at Marrow's
Sunday morning at eleven o'clock
Rev I. S. Richmond preaching. You
are cordially invited.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1937-02-11
Garden Club Will
Present Lecturer

The Henderson Garden Club will
present Mrs. Edith H. Banghart, OF
he Fellow Royal Horticultural So
ciety, of Medina, Washington, in g
lecture in this city at the First Pres
yterian church Friday afternoon
February 10.
Mrs. Eanghart will lecture on rocl
gardens, rock walls, and gardening
uitahse to our climate and her lee
ure will be Illustrated by colore(
Iides. She is a lecturer of vide fame
md is thoroughly familiar with hel
subject as she has made a life long
study of the flora of the United States
and Canada.
The local Garden Club will serve tea
following the lecture and tickets arr
now on sale and may be secured from
any mem!oer of the club.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1937-02-11
Jr. High School
P. T. A. Meeting


Founders Day was celebrated at
Teacher Association in the regular
meeting of the month yesterday aft
ernoon.
The meeting opened with the song,
God Save the King" Rev. r. E.
Brown, of the First Methodist church.
conducted the devotional exercises US
ing as the basis for some impressive
comment, a scripture reading from
Proverbs. Mrs. F. M Barnhardt and
Mrs. Bert Moore sang a duet, "I
Would Be True"
Mrs. O. L. Finch made very fitting
talk for the Founders Day occasion
discussing the purpose of the PIT A.
Mrs. Finch defined the purpose as
being "the promotion of child welfare
in the home, the school, and the
church" The following character
traits were stressed as aims in child
development toward which the home
and school sould work: obedience,
courage, truthfulneSS, self-cOntrol.
self-control, trustworthiness respon-
sibility, imagination, courtesy, self
conf dence, and thrift. Mrs. Finch
paid tribute to the founders of the or
ganization. :.
During the discussions of the bust
ness session, A. G. Hoover outlined
some of the major policies concern
ing the schools now SEEING discussed
in the legislature and pending legis-
lation. The following are outstanding
Betttr bus transportation, extension
of the schools to the twelfth grade,
restoration of teachers salaries
stricter certification laws for teach
ers, and a combination of the educa-
tional departments undtr one head,
the state superintendent. Mr.. Hoover
also gave a brief regime of educa-
tional needs in North, Carolina at the
prestnt time.
Mrs. L. D. Wall announced the
Parent-Teacher Convention to be held
in Richmond and called attention to
the special broadcasts over WPTF
of interest to parents and teachers.
A gift of three dollars was made by
the association to the Founders Day
fund. .,4
Attendance prizes for the month
were won by Miss Kittrelps seventh
grade and Mrs. Johnson's xth grade.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1937-02-11
Phllathea Class
Meeting Tuesday


The Philathea class of the First
Methodist Protestant church met in
the home of Mrs. w. E. Wilson Tues
day evening at 1880 with % members
and three visitors present. +,
Mrs. Lucius Freeman, president
presided over the session, and Mrs,
John Mundy led the devotionals
During the business session, the
minutes were read and approved, and
committee rtports were heard.
Plans were discussed for sending a
COX of clothing to girl in the Chill
dren's Home in High Point, and the
class also voted to send cards to sick
members.
During the social hour, a contest
was held in which Mrs. John Grissom
was the winntr.
Mrs. Wilson and the associate
hostesses, Miss Elizabeth Fox, Mrs.
Grissom and Mrs. John Grissom SER
we'd deliciou refreshments.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1937-02-11

New lines -. new chic -. new
frock! And you'll have all three
when you choose Pattern 9207! Where
ever there's lively gathering, an in
formal party, or a good time in pro-
gress, this 1.-the and lovely style will
be right in the center of all the festi-
vities, for it's truly success frock"!
Surplice lines are smart as can be
this season, and added to them you've
the flattery of a low V-neck. trim
yolles and the fascinating choice OF
puffed or flared sleeves. What more
could a busy woman ask-unless it's
n easy pattern that's whipped to-
-echer in, jiffy, and you can res:
.ssured that this one is! Of course
1,y now you've noticed the uprising
skirt that new as next minute. For
fabric. why not printed silk? Com
plete Diagrammed Marian Martin
Sew chart included
Pattern 9207 may be ordered only
in ST es ii Is Is 20 80 "a SO 38 40 and
~. Size 16 requires IA yards SO
inch fabric
Send FIFTEEN CEN S in coins or
stamps (coins preferrec) for EACH
MARIAN MARTIN pattern. Be sure
% write plainly. your SIZE. NAME
ADDRESS, and STYLE NUMBER.
Re an EARLY BIRD! Get YOUR
eopy of our NEW MARIAN MAR
TIN PATTERN. BOOK now! It's
hook full O. sparkling, easy-to-make
fPRING fashions-frocks for Riddles
uniors, Debs, as well as for Mother
Quill find Daytime and Sports frocks
:alore! Party fashions, too, and
mart styles for Stouts Behold the
ew-season Fabrics and ways to use
hem to best advantage! BOOK
FIFTEEN CENTS. p A r T e r N
FIFTEEN CENTS. TWENTY-FIVE
:ENTS FOR BOTH WHEN ORDER
Cd TOGETHER.
Send your order to Henderson Daily
Dispatch, Pattern Department, 232 w
9Th St.. New York, N. Y.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1937-02-11
MEMORY.

-. = once. upon a gracious day
J Sd" hall he long remembered for
the sight;
" cool winds .. -.
aI,ont's melody, one perfect note,
a Glimpse lllT and gone-but it is always
90. often when the day has been put
,,,,.h al its busy liv.ng-joy and tears
The wind-blown willow comes before
I'D with its beauty leads me into
Silence Buck Bellows.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1937-02-11
Baptist Ladies To
Join In Services
Friday Afternoon

The members of the Baptist Mis-
sionary Union, of the First Baptist
church, have been asked to join in
the World Day of Prayer for Peace,
it was announced today by Mrs. G.
w. Knott pres dent of the Union. The
day of prayer will be observed by
services at Holy Innocents Episcopal
church tomorrow afternoon at 4
o'clock.
A cordial invitation was extended
to all who'd esired to attend the SER
vice.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1937-02-11
GIRL SCOUT NEWS.

The Girl Scouts of troop two enjoy
ed a surprise Valentine party yester-
day afternoon at their headquarters
IN Garnett street.
contest was held, with Miss Annie
Dell Floyd as winner. She was award
ed box of candy. Another interesting
feature was large Valentine Jig
Saw puzzle.
Refreshments, consisting of hot
chocolate and cookies, were served
Henderson daily dispatch., 1937-02-11

of packages are sold every year. For
more than 25 years people have found
"BC" to be of gratifying value in the
relief of headache, neuralgia and
muscular aches; pain and discomfort
due to simple head colds; simple ner-
vousness, and for headache and back
ache due to functional disturbances
Try "BC" and see if it doesn't give
you relief in just few minutes. Con.
venient 10c and 25c sizes, or by the
dose at fountains (adv.)
Henderson daily dispatch., 1937-02-11
Will Observe
Prayer for Peace

The World Day of Prayer for Peace
will be observed in Henderson tomor-
row afternoon at the Holy Innocents
Episcopal church at 4 o'clock with
appropriate services, in which all
churches of the city are taking part.
A very cordial invitation was ex-
tended to all to join in making the
day one of prayer and worship.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1937-02-11
WOODLANDS
Relieve Headache and
Neuralgia the ''BC" Way

''dac are never pleasant COM
T'& go e. BIC" lend a helping
'7'' tho n2-:t time you are annoyed
e ' T0u'll like the way the
r. i7E clients in the "BC"
ta,... ''"tion for the relief of
si,,,. r aaAachcs, neralgia and
A. !" r na Of an inorganic char
ta, ~. + 2 trustworthy, prescrip-
type .'nlc ~, o. which millions
Henderson daily dispatch., 1937-02-11
SNOW.
re flakes fall on green

Snow ,oft white flakes fall on green
grass.
snow. laughter,
A note .o ~ sound of children's voices;
I Inro - children run,
9 Inrss Of joy in each STEP
s ,rn,s in rhythm
snow! Elvira B. MCGEE.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1937-02-11
In Richmond Today.

Mrs w. H. Furman, Mrs. A. J. Wat
kins, Mrs. Scott Parham, Mrs. S. H..
Watkins and Miss Sarah Copeland
spent today in Richmond, Va.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1937-02-11
Mary Falls Class.

The Mary Falls Bl lc Class of the
First Prcsby er:an church will meet
tbs evening at 1880 o'clock in the
home u Mrs. Edgar Bryan en- the OK
ford road.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1937-02-11
r. Ameri an Legion Auxiliary.

The Junior American Legion Auxi-
larv will meet Friday afternoon at 4
o'clock at the home of Miss Lucille
White On Nicholas stree
Henderson daily dispatch., 1937-02-11
Miss Harris Improved.

Miss Gertrude Harris was reported
improved today at her home on Bur-
well avenue, where she has been con-
fined for several days.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1937-02-11
With the Sick
c. L. Finch, Jr., III

c. l.. Finch, Dr., Ill.
c. L. Finch, Jr., was reported con-
fined to his home on Andrews avenue
today by illness.