davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1937-01-15
Democratic Luncheon Today.

The Democratic League Of Colum-
bia was to have its weekly luncheon
meeting today at 1880 pm. at the
Burlington Hotel. with Frederick Tay-
lor Wilson, historian and lecturer, as
its guest speaker. Arthur Clarendon
Smith, president Of the league, was
to preside.
Evening star., 1937-01-15
Auto Strike to Be Topic.

Current aspects Of the automobile
industry strike will be discussed by
Benedict Wolf, secretary Of the Ma
tional Labor Relations Board, before
the Womans Trade Union League at
8 o'clock tonight at the Y. w. C. A.,
Seventeenth and K streets.
Evening star., 1937-01-15
TWO SEEK CADETSHIPS
o. c. Foote, Jr., and E. F. Harding,
Jr., Presidential Appointees.

Two Washingtonians are among
candidates designated for the March
2 entrance examinations for admission
to the United States Military Academy
at West Point, the War Department
announced today.
They are Ovid Clemmons Foote, jr..
SIP Connecticut avenue. and Edwin
Forrest Harding, jr., 3007 Albemarle
street. Both were designated as presi-
dental appointments from the United
States at large. They will take the
examination July !.
Evening star., 1937-01-15

Belgium will encourage collective
wage agreements.
Evening star., 1937-03-31
HEAR
c. j. VICE RECTOR
Right Rev. Patrick McCor.
mick Sees Some Teaching
Obstacle to Religion.
BY tie Associated Press.

0J lf-e AS8OClALed PfeN.
LOUISVILLE, KY, March 3l-As-
serting that university teaching "often
offers obstacles to the spread Of re-
ligion," the Right Rev. Patrick J.
Mccormack, vice rector Of Catholic
University. Washington, expressed In
q sermon today the opinion that "our
country needs the leavening influence
Of Catholic education more than ever
before"
He preached to large congregation,
including high church dignitaries, at
the pontiflcial mass opening the
thirty-fourth annual convention Of
the National Catholic Education Asso-
citation. Bishop Francis w. Howard,
Covington, KY, celebrated the mass.
How different is the status Of the
American university today whose pro-
fessors often proclaim that they pro-
fess no religious belief unless it be the
creed of materialism, agnosticism or
atheism" Msgr. Mccormick declared.
Instead of being help to the church,
only too often university teaching
offers the most serious obstacles to the
spread Of religion and the promotion
Of morality
"We are not" he continued, "un-
American in promoting our religious
schools, but rather the perpetrators Of
the best American tradition that re-
garded the school as a necessity ad-
junct Of the church in the dissemina-
ton of Christian truth"
Evening star., 1937-03-31

ofncial-particularly when new
model is being placed on the market.
At other times it slows down.
The workers claim it is speeded up
beyond the endurance Of the human
nervous system, that 1t is a vicious
thing that breaks beyond repair the
minds and bodies of men and women.
The U. A. w. A. has put out boot on
it. Naturally enough, the General
Motors official denied that it was as
bad as all that. Increased production.
he maintained, has been attended by
progressively less physical labor on the
part Of the men ION the line"
But, as occasionally happens. an
automobile worker sometimes drinks
too much whisky of an evening and
comes to work with the we'll known
big head" There's no question but
that such a man goes through hell
on earth the next day That Is an
obvious case 1t doesn't have to be
too much whisky, the General Motors
official says. He may have had a
row with his wife. He may have been
up all night with a sick baby He
may have a bad cold. On an indi-
vidual job however skilled or impor-
tant. it wouldn't make so much diff
ference. He could stall" If the
foreman was a decent fellow he would
make allowances. But ION the line"
there can be no allowances The man
is part Of the machine
Subject for Psychology.
Moreover. there are rhythms, as yet
not understood by psychologists, in a
mans capacity. There are days when
a fellow just isn't up to scratch and
days when, he can set the world on
ire without half trying. A lot of
honest experimentation must be done
before the speed-up is fitted to human
capacities. The point of the execu-
tive is that the problem must be
solved in the psychological labora-
tory-not by the sit-down strike. The
strikers seek relief by slowing up the
process. Industry seeks to solve it
by determining exactly what Is the
trouble.
I'VE will not be placed in the posi-
ton of coercing anybody to join any
particular union" says the General
Motors executive. In almost any
plant you will find about 20 per cent
Of the men who are enthusiastic
unionists. Another 20 per cent will
be just as strongly opposed to any
union. It's not that they have any
more loyalty to the employer, or any,
thing like that. Why should they
have? It's up to them to get as much
as they can for their labor and they
think they can get more by being out
of the union than in it. Then you
will find about so per cent who aren t
particularly enthusiastic either way.
They are ready to jump whichever
way they think is most profitable to
them. Now We are asked deliberately
to coerce this so per cent to join
one union. We haven't consented to
it-all Misrepresentation to the con-
trary. We never will consent to it.
We don't care what organization our
employees belong to-"
Beyond this, Of course. is the clash
Of fundamental hilosophies-about as
hopeless to argue over as whether
the chicken or the egg comes first. Is
wealth created by labor? Is labor
created by wealth and the personal
profit motive?
It is the question OF the Sphinx.
Evening star., 1937-03-31

meant political equality somewhat,
and the demand for racial equality
before the law gave the abolitionists
their issue. Since the Civil War, the
desire for equality in the American
heart has turned upon the desire to
remove the deeply fundamental eco
nomic contrasts, the very rich and
the very poor, from our industrial
order.
The phrase. "the equitable distd-
button of wealth." which has been
common and fairly respectable In
American politics since Bryans day,
40 years ago. Is the basis Of the
present-day desire for equality. In
the last campaign we called 1t security
social security. In the first Roose-
velt campaign, it was known as
social and industrial justice" but
the aspiration for equality, as it has
clashed with the ancient urge for lib
erty in this country, means today
some sort of economic security.
Equality Was Issue.
Last years campaign turned largely
upon the issue OF equality. Both par
ties demanded old age pensions and
job insurance. Both parties clamored
for regulation Of wages for women
and children in industry. Both par
ties agreed that agriculture must be
in some way subsidized or equalized
in the contest with industry for rising
prices. Indeed last Fall, in practically
every phase OF American political ex-
preston when the campaign touched
economic problems equality was the
and equality in last years campaign
meant an extension Of the privileges
and immunities common to the middle
class to the stratum industrially and
economically just below the middle
class.
It may be taken as automatic that
Lewis group. and to an extent those
who follow Mr.. Green and the A. F.
OF L., would be willing, if they were
sure Of not being cheated, to trade
considerable portion of their liber-
ties for a small package Of equality,
sight unseen. A hundred years ago
De Toqueville, wise old Frenchman
who toured this country and wrote
about us, detected, for all our brave
hurrah for liberty, that We had a
sneaking partiality in our American
hearts for equality when 1t was op-
posed by liberty. He predicted that
the time might come in America when
the clash between liberty and equality
might turn this land to the support
OF tyrant.
Time for Trade May Come.
Unless we can check the tendencies
OF the time, unless we can straighten
out the economic injustices which
make the crowds gather and listen
to the rabble-rousers on the streets
OF the great cities, the time to negoti-
ate that trade of liberty for equality
may be approaching. 1t is dangerous
to see dozen Communists in thou
Evening star., 1937-03-31

sand giving direction to q movement
that had no Communist inception and
little real Communist aim. But the
maladjustment Of the times furnishes
nourishment for the louise In the social
cholera and in industrial bubonic
plague and in our economic typhus.
They are spread by the louse only
when the economic body = not strong
and healthy.
In the meantime the great masses
of Americans are still on solid ground.
The dominant middle class is keeping
the wheels OF industry going. Seven
tenths Of the people are well fed,
we'll clad and well housed. They are
functioning mentally, morally. politi-
cally, and, for the most part, eco
nomically as they have been for =
generation.
Danger Signal Winks.
The department stores are filled.
The movies are crowded. Radios and
electric refrigerators are moving into
10000 homes a day. We have 26,-
600 900 motor cars and the appliances
and appurtenances thereunto apper-
tanning, including money to pay for
good roads. Stream Lined trains hurry
across the land, crowded to the upper
berth. In the smallest grocery store
in the country town 100 pounds Of
exotic foods, shipped from 500 to
1000 miles, tempt wayfarers in the
store windows. Some one eats those
foods, some one wears the fine clothes
flashed in the newspaper advertise
ments, some one whose name is legion
buys all the gadgets and curlicues that
indicate a commercially well-placed
population.
And yet, in Michigan, in California,
in Ohio, in every great industrial State
the danger signal is winking. Hun
dreds Of thousands OF men are restless,
temporarily jobless strikers, partly
from their own choice, seeking to
better their jobs. And fate, the old
auctioneer who has equality to trade
for liberty, is ballyhooing his wares
to the restless millions who are think
ing about their bid
(Copyright, 1887, by the North American
Newspaper Alliance Inc)
Evening star., 1937-03-31
NO HARD FEELINGS,
STRIKERS DECLARE
Rayon Workers ''Firm but
Friendly" on Stay.In,
Mays Declares.
9y the Associated Press.

COV1NGTON, Va. March 31.-l
kit-down strike which a union heat
said was friendly" though the strik
ers stood firm" continued today Il
keep the Industrial Rayon Corp. PLAN
here idle.
There are no hard feelings" Lloyc
Mays, president of Local 2214 of the
Synthetic Yarn Federation, said
lust friendly strike"
Charles Dasher, plant manager, de.
clined to comment, saying any state.
ment would have to come from off.
cials at Cleveland, Ohio, headquarters
OF the company.
William Craighead, member OF q
union committee that recently dead
locked In negotiations with the COM
pany, said the immediate cause OF
the strike was discrimination" against
union members in promotions in the
twisting department.
To Prosecute Demands.
He said, however, that the striking
workers would prosecute their de-
mands for acceptance of l2-point
program discussed during the previous
negotiations.
John Peel and William F. Kelly, rep
resentatives of the Committee for In
dustrial Organization, and Robert
Gaffney, union organizer, were expect
ed to come here. strike leaders said, to
direct" the strike.
State Labor Commissioner John
Hopkins Hall, jr, said in Richmond
yesterday that S. A. Minter, depart
ment inspector, advised him from Gov
ington that the strikers we're quiet and
the company was pursuing policy of
"non-resistance"
Estimate 1000 Striking.
Strike leaders estimated 400 workers
were in the plant, while corporation
spokesmen set the figure at $50. Hall
said Minter reported there were $50
workers on company property.
Mays declared there were about
1000 striking in ALL" The plant has
1900 employees.
Mays said appointment of three
girls as inspectors in the twisting de-
partment lnStlgated the stay-ln.
We are not sure whether they are
members of the union or not" he
said. but they had been heard to re-
mark before they went to work in their
new capacity they were going to run
union people.
I'VE felt in this the company was
trying to break the morale OF the
union.
I'VE would not have struck at this
time had it not been for this. We
have our demands made and strike
vote had been taken We were going
to stay in at least to the end of the
week"
Evening star., 1937-03-31
RADICAL FORCES
! CHALLENGE LEWIS
Communists Activities in
Strikes May Force Liberty
Equality Swap.

This is the fourth OF a series OF
articles By Mr.. White on the
changing industrial scene in the
United States. The 1Driter has talk
ed Uith many leaders of labor and
industry in gathering material for
this series, subsequent articles of
Dhich ,DM appear in The Euening
Star.
Evening star., 1937-03-31

be unable to rally the middle class
so long as his alliance with Lewis
was even implicit by his silence.
Two Currents in United States.
Yet it is not all quite so simple as
that From the beginning, We have
had two currents in American life,
which sometimes run counter to each
other: The desire for liberty and the
desire for equality. Equality has
meant many things in this country.
Before and Immediately after the
American Revolution, equality meant
more or less social equality. "One man
is as good as another!" "All men are
born equal" The constitutional pro-
hibition of titles revealed that phase
Of equality.
One hundred years ago, equality
Evening star., 1937-03-31

articles By Mr.. White on the
changing industrial scene in the
United States. The 1Driter has talk
ed ,Dith many leaders of labor and
industry in gathering material for
this series, subsequent articles OF
tDhich ,DiH appear in The EDening
Star.
BY WILLIAM ALLEN WHITE.
Developments in the last few days
prove that a radical element, more
radical than John L. Lewis, is trying
to control and direct the labor unrest
in this country.
Any labor unrest is the meat and
drink OF the Communist. The Com
munist ordinarily is negligible in
American politics and in American
life. But communism Is like cholera
or bubonic plague; it is symptom OF
malnutrition and Is louise disease.
Nevertheless, some times 1t IS danger
Gus. And it is dangerous, not because
OF communism, but because Of the
social and economic maladjustment
upon which communism feeds.
Ten or a dozen Communists to the
thousand can make lot Of trouble
in strike. Possibly few Commu-
nists are stirring up outlaw strikes
today. 1t may be this l per cent
OF communism in this C. 1. o. that
has been moving this sit-down strike
faster and more radically than Lewis
would lead it left to his own resources.
In the end, the radical leadership will
defeat Lewis unless he can check 1t.
The general strike, with the rabble
and the rabble rouser in the vicinity
Of labor dispute, frequently. indeed
nearly always, arouses middle-class
fear, turns sentiment from the strikers
and makes medicine for the boss.
Middle Class Is Arbiter.
In this country, as in England and
in the Scandinavian countries, there
is distribution of this worlds goods
sufficiently equitable to make the mid
die class the final arbiter of every
dispute, economic, industrial and po-
litical. The middle class pretty gen.
orally turned to Roosevelt In the
campaign, driven to him by fear
that Landon's supporters leaned too
heavily toward a plutocracy. But,
as the heat of this dispute rises, 1t
becomes more and more evident that
labor, under Lewis leadership, is
taking short cuts to its objective. If
his own strike Is getting out of hand,
and the mobs assemble and court
orders are ignored, and If Governors
hesitate while the President is silent,
it takes no keen political observer to
realize that the middle class may be
on the march.
1t could leave the President over
night. 1t would go if he permitted,
without protest. the strikers to organ
ize and militantly oppose tn. forces
of law and order Let few Commu-
nists-if any-l per cent in thou
sand, begin yelling in a mob, let
them lead the mob toward the police
or the militia, threatening an actual
breach of the peace, and the Ameri-
can middle class would quickly forget
its fear of a plutocracy.
In that hour the President would
Evening star., 1937-03-31


ton we try to remedy it. This union
called our attention to q few things
which we could and did remedy. We
would have done the same for any
organized group Of employees. 1t didn't
require a strike"
The fact remains that General
Motors did not yield on perhaps the
most vital point at issue-the recogni-
ton of the U. A. w. A. as the sole
bargaining agency OF its workers. It
maintained its position Of meeting any
representative group Of its workers
craft union, vertical union, or any
other kind of union.
The difficulty here is that corpora
ton can organize union Of its own
to present the sort of demands 1t
wants to make. Such union may not
actually be representative Of anybody
except the company itself.
Accepts Murphy's Rulings.
To meet this criticism General
Motors agreed that for the next six
months it would except the ruling Of
the Governor of Michigan on the va
lidity as a representative body of any
group of employees with which. it
entered into negotiations.
1t is perhaps futile at this stage to
enter into a discussion of who won
what, for claims are conflicting and
confusing. But this particular Gen.
eral Motors official happens to be a
quite liberal-minded man who Is
honestly trying to think through the
capital-labor problem to his own satis-
faction For one thing he has quite
high opinion of some of the U. A. w. A.
leaders, although, naturally, he be-
lieves they are misguided.
Don't let anybody tell you this Is
a Communist movement" he says.
There are very few Communists in
this group. I think they have used
Communist methods. It's the kind Of
thing they teach at Brookwood and
Commonwealth. But using Communist
methods and being Communist are two
altogether different things"
The names of these two labor COL
leges, by the way, come up time and
time again in any discussion with
either side. Brookwood in New York
and Commonwealth in Arkansas are
the West Point and Annapolis of the
new labor movement. From their clas-
sic halls come the new leaders, trained
in all the techniques. motivated by
evangelical fervor, able to take the
crude, spontaneous sit-down strike OF
two or three years ago lid forge 1t
into the keen weapon of industrial
warfare it has become.
Speed up Discussed.
Then the General Motors official,
frankly admitting that it was a prob
lem, went on to discuss the one thing
that union man becomes most elo-
quent over-the speed-up. 1t so hap
pens that most operations in An auto
mobile plant are "on the line" That
is, parts pass from one workman to
another, each required to do a certain
job on them, at regular rate per
hour. Such an operation is depend
ent on the teamwork Of everybody
engaged on it. A man has to work at
a certain steady pace. If he doesn't he
probably throws the whole operation
out of kilter and there's the devil to
pay.
Now almost any of these operations
can be speeded up to the capacity Of
the human beings engaged in it. At
certain times OF the year its must be
speeded up, says the General Motors
Evening star., 1937-03-31
VIRGINIA CALLS 1900
TO CRIME CONFERENCE
Mem bers of Educational, Medical
and Religious Organization to
Attend April 8.
the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
RICHMOND. Va. March 31.-More
than $500 invitations were issued to-
day to members of educational, medical
and religious organizations throughout
the State to attend the Old Dominion S
first conference on crime, to be held
here April 8. The conference is spon-
sored by the Virginia Welfare Council.
William H. Schwarzschild, chairman
Of the Welfare Council, said that the
purpose of the conference is to bring
before Virginians the seriousness of
the crime situation in the State. and
to discuss ways and means to control it.
Gov. Peery will welcome the dele
gates and ask their support in any
program that might be worked out for
. reduction of crime in the State.
Evening star., 1937-03-31
Autos Crowd Highways.

TALLAHASSEE, Fla. tP).- Asher
Frank, State safety director, says that
in February, peak month Of Winter
travel, there were from ll0 to 12O
automobiles to the mile on Florida
highways.
Evening star., 1937-03-31
General Motors Denies Claims
That 1t Surrendered to Union
Refusal to Yield on Exclusive Rec0g-
milton Issue Is Cited to Disproue
Assertions by u. H. ".
ot ot article. nm IN. tr,l.
This Is the fourth OF series of articles o,
BY THOMAS r. HENRY.
etad Correspondent Of The Star.

March 3The United
outs boast OF having brought naughty General Motors knees
That Goliath Of American industry
that spoiled
kneeling
What about
The Waterbury Democrat., 1937-11-03

delegates from all cities and states which already have their housing authorities.
 2--A later meeting of delegates from states which do not yet have their own housing authorities.
 3-Announcemen that the U. s. II. A. will not entertain new applica- tons for federal grants and loans for 60 days because i've want to get started slowly and get our policies set"
 4--fmmediate flXation of rent lev. els on projects now completed un- der the old PWA housing division.
 5--insistence that the new homes to be built under the Wagner act will be for the lowest income group only"
 straus said that the maximum rent levels in such cities as New York, Chicago and Detroit would be kept between $D and s6.2D e room. At the same time, President Roose- veit, by executive order, transferred all projects and assets of the hots- lng authority of PWA to Straus' do- main, thus implemonting the new authority to 70 ahead with its work The Wagner act stipulates that the authority must operate SO that cities themselves conceive projects and plan them, Their management will remain in the hnbds Of the munici- palities themselves.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1937-11-03
City Housing Officials To Meet With Nathan Straus

Washington, Nov. 3-(UP)-Na- than Straus, administrator of the new U. s. housing authority, today called a meeting of municipal hous- ing officials. Straus who assumed office today under the provisions of the Wagner -Steagall housing act called the conference for November 22, in Washington. He said the fneet- ing, being held under the auspices of the U. s. Federation of Housing Authorities, will discuss distribution of the Sb26,000,000 allotted under the act for loans and grants to en- courage slun clearance.
 straus said that he estimated the total number of stun dwellers iil this country approximated President Roosevelts guess that lone third of the population is Ill housed" He said that If bat 1000 per cent we can theoretically build enough new apartments to care for between l00,- GOO and l20,000 families with oui present funds. However" he said. "l do not think we can do that we'll Criticizing the United States as "thC most backward country in the civi- lized world on the question of de- stroying It's sluns," StratB an. nounced c program for the newest federal agency.
 The program:
 ] l--Convocation Of . meeting oi
The Waterbury Democrat., 1937-11-03

New York, Nov. S.-(UP)-That loud noise in the early hours of to- day was Secretary of the Treasury Henry Morgenthau, Jr.. still laugh- ing at the tap dance that President Franklin D. Roosevelt" did last night on the stage of the Alvin the- ater. Morgenthau. was on both sides of. the footlights when the ctir- tain went up on I'd Rather Be Right" in which George M. COhan played the role of the president of the United States. On the stage was q Morgenthau played by Taylor Holmes--a Morgenthau who sang song "A Baby Bond For Baby" and fretted all evening about balancing the budget. In an orchestra seat was Morgenthau himself, chuckltng at his double and telling the world between acts: T am certainly erl- toying this"
 It was a bold, witty show that probably could not have been pre- sented in any other country in the world without bringing the hand of the government down hard oil George s. Kaufman and Moss Hart, the authors. No high ofiicial in the New Deal was spared when things began rolling.
 Cummings, take a law" said President Roosevelt" to Arl actor who looked startlingly like Attorney General Homer Cummings, and out from behind q bush jumped Chief Justice Charles Evans Hughes' in