davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Carbon County news., 1937-10-01

dence of the white mans bad
faith, war parties from some of
the tribes resumed their raids in
Kansas and in Texas.
Even if the government had
lived up to the letter of its agree
ment, it is doubtful if peace would
have prevailed throughout the re-
gion. The authority of chiefs
over their followers was slight,
at best, and a leader who may
have wished to live at peace with
the whites could not always con-
troll his young braves who wished
to win honor on the war trail.
Then, too, as George Bird Grinnell
has pointed out in his book, ''The
Fighting Cheyennes," "the giving
of a few presents and the signing
of treaties by few chiefs would
not appease the Indians, whose
livelihood, the buffalo, was being
destroyed and driven away" The
clash of conflicting interests was
inevitable, and when it came,
nothing could restrain the Indians
from raiding the settlements and
the government could not turn a
deaf ear to the settlers demands
that military force be used against
the marauders.
Importance Of the Treaty.
So the ''peace" that was made
at Medicine Lodge proved to be
a hollow one and another ten
years was to elapse before the
Indians were finally conquered
and forced to remain within the
bounds of their reservations. How
ever, the Medicine Lodge treaty
was important because it gave the
white man a basis for his claims
to the right to settle western Kan
sas and certain parts of Colorado,
New Mexico and Arizona, and it
cleared the way for the compile
ton of the Union Pacific railroad
and building the Santa Fe.
When the "iron horse" entered
this vast empire, the buffalo was
doomed and that meant the end
of the Indian, also. Tall Bull of
the Cheyennes would lead a few
more raids against the hated
white men, then die at the Battle
of Summit Springs in Colorado
two years after he had signed the
Medicine Lodge treaty. Satanta
of the Kiowas, the Orator of the
Plains" would fight vainly
against the fate that was overtak-
ing his people and die in a Texas
prison, a suicide. Little Raven,
great chief of the Arapahoes,
would bow to the inevitable and
end his days peacefully on the
reservation allotted to him by the
"Great White Father" But be-
fore that came about, the land
over which his tribesmen had
roamed for centuries would be
coming into the Union as the new
state of Colorado and within a few
years more Arizona, New Mexico
and Oklahoma, once the hunting
grounds of the tribes who signed
at Medicine Lodge, would be Join
inc Colorado in the sisterhood of
states. ..s@5
@ Western Newspaper Union.
Carbon County news., 1937-10-01

stood at rest, waiting for the ne
gotiations to begin"
The conference and distribution
of gifts dragged along for two
weeks. Finally, after the terms
of the proposed treaty had been
fully explained to the Indians, the
Kowa, Comanche and Apache
chiefs signed it on October 81 and
the Cheyennes and Arapahoes on
October %. The Indians agreed
to accept reservations in what is
now Oklahoma, although retain
ing the privilege of hunting buff
falo in Kansas as far north as
the Arkansas river, to refrain
from further attacks on the
whites and to withdraw all oppo-
sition to the construction of rail-
roads and other roads and the
building of forts in the western
country.
In return the government SOL
emily promised to "set apart for
the undisturbed use and occupa-
tion of the tribes" the reservations
designated in the treaty, to pro-
vide certain annuities for these
tribes for a period of 80 years and
to establish agencies, schools,
etc., for their use. However, con-
gress was slow in ratifying the
treaty and it was more than a
year before some of it's provisions
were carried out. Angered by this
delay, and seeing in it another evil
Carbon County news., 1937-10-01
We Humans

In going through life we often be-
wall our misfortunes but seldom
dwell upon our blessings; the ill
ness is reckoned to a day, the bad
debt to computed to a cent, the
sleepless night is spoken of with
deep self-commiseration; but we
forget to reckon the many months
of our health; we take as a thing
of course, and not worth mention
ing, that we enjoyed hours Of calm
and refreshing sleep undisturbed
even by a dream. - Wamego
Times.
Carbon County news., 1937-10-01

1T Figbt Is . seetics1
CIT from q snsoOfh
aVersI tire; tVftb nan
ki1trOtectiots SVoss
off, Tires IN 1bis
condition are EdbLs
to 1RnetEres, klotD-
0Ets and kiddisE
Carbon County news., 1937-10-01

council. These included a herd of
beef cattle, much coffee, sugar,
flour and dried fruits and a vast
amount of blankets and clothing
which had been left over from the
Civil war and which the War de-
partment agreed to turn over to
the Indian department for distri-
button to it's charges. So for more
than month six-mule teams
were engaged in hauling this ma
terial from Fort Larned to the
treaty grounds.
As the Indians gathered there
they found Murphy on hand to
welcome them. Early in October
he reported that 431 lodges were
Carbon County news., 1937-10-01

/. How much wood will a giant
Sequoia tree yield?
2. How many persons out Of a
million will live to be one hun
dred years old?
8. Who was the first American
to receive the Nobel prize for
peace?
4. How fast can currency be
counted?
S. Where is the oldest painting
of the Virgin and Child in exist
ence?
6. Does it cost more to educate
a child in a city school than in
a rural school?
Z. When gold is hammered into
the thinnest gold leaf possible,
what color is it?
8. What is the definition of a split
infinitive?
Carbon County news., 1937-10-01
Achievement of Peace

VOU may either win your
peace or buy it; win it, by
resistance to evil; buy it, by
compromise with evil. You
may buy your peace with 81.
fenced consciences; you may
buy it with broken vows-buy
it with lying words-buy it with
base connivances-buy it with
the blood of the slain, and the
cry of the captives over hemi-
spheres of the earth, while you
sit smiling at your serene
hearths, muttering continually
to yourselves, "Peace, peace"
when there is no peace; but
only captivity and death for
you.
Carbon County news., 1937-10-01
Answers

1. A giant California Sequoia
tree yielded 5000 posts, 650,OOO
shingles and 100 cords of f1rewood.
The upper one-third and the
branches of the huge tree were not
used.
2. It is estimated about thirty
in a million will live to this ad-
vanced age.
Carbon County news., 1937-10-01
BY ELMO SCOTT WATSON


ON THE spot where red
~ men and white once held
one of the most important
councils in the history of the
Great West, white men and
red will soon be meeting to
celebrate the event which;
took place there nearly three
quarters of a century ago.
The place is in Barber coun-
ty, Kansas, where Elm creek
joins the Medicine river, and
there on October 6, Z and 8
the modern city of Medicine
Lodge is staging a pageant
which re-enacts the signing
of the Medicine Lodge peace
treaty of October, 1867.
Joining in the celebration
is a delegation of Indians
from Oklahoma-Cheyennes,
Arapahoes, Comanches, Kio-
was and Apaches, descend
ants of the red signers of the
treaty. A troop of the Sew
enth cavalry from Fort Riley,
Kan, will also be there be-
cause soldiers of this regi-
ment helped escort the white
commissioners to the treaty
ground.
This treaty was a consequence
of the new ''peace policy in
augurated during the adninistra-
tion of President Andrew Johnson.
It was more policy of necessity
than one of choice. The govern
me O. "war policy" adopted to
put an end to the Indian raids that
devastated the frontier after the
Civil war, had been failure. So
the "Great White Father" in
Washington, after his military had
failed to whip his erring red chill
dren, decided to conquer them
with kindness. At least, his ad-
visers who were advocates of the
new "peace policy" told him that
it could be done that way.
Accordingly, Col. Jesse H. Leav-
enworth, agent for the Kiowas
and Comanches, was instructed.
by Nathaniel Greene Taylor, COM
missioner of Indian affairs, to
try to bring together all the hos
tile southwestern tribes for a |
peace council. Leavenworth
called upon George Bent, the half
breed son of the founder of Bent's
Fort on the Arkansas, to use his
influence with his mothers peo-
pie, the Cheyennes, as well as. the
other tribes, to get them to as
semble at a Wichita village near
the mouth of the Little Arkansas
river. At a conference there
with some of the leading chiefs
of the five tribes, Leavenworth
told them of his orders and asked
them to name a place where they
would meet with commissioners
who were coming from Washing
ton to make a treaty. After some
delay the Indians designated the
junction of Elm creek and the
Medicine river. Here a great
grove of elm trees provided a
favorite camping place where
they could drink and bathe in the
healing waters of the Medicine
and allow their ponies to Craze
on the sweet native grasses which
carpeted the valleys.
In the meantime Thomas Muir
ply, superintendent of Indian af-
fairs for that district, had arrived
at Fort Larned where great guam
titles of supplies were being
shipped for distribution at the
Carbon County news., 1937-10-01

Red Men and White Meet Once More
on Medicine Lodges Historic Ground
Kansas Celebrates the Seventeen Anniversary the Peace Treaty That Helped
Open o Settlement AN Empire in the West
Evening star., 1937-01-20
Rock Creek Mills.

THE remodelng Of Pierce Mil in Rock Creek
Park restores an industry which once car
ried with 1t great distinction. In fact, back
In the days when Rock Greek was a turbulent
stream with ample fiow Of water, possession OF
q mill on Rock Creek set the owner Of the mill
. little apart and . little above his neighboEs.
Pierce Mill was constructed because Of this
rather than with any serious thought toward its
utilitarian value.
Isaac Pierce, builder Of the mill, constructed
1t on . plot Of ground known rs 1.-The Gift"
because 1t was given to Samuel Bealls by the
King. It changed hands once before Pierce
gained title to it.
Being . milwright, Pierce constructed the
best mill Of all located on the stream and be
cause Of this, perhaps, he enjoyed the great
est patronage while he held possession. Dur
ing its history, which dates from 1920. 1t was
operated by eight successive owners, the last to
operate it being brothers of the name Of White.
They continued it in operation for many years.
In 1917, at the time of the American entry into
the World War, the mill was taken over and
operated to produce war -four under govern
mental direction. It later was closed down
and then entered into period Of activity As
the location Of a tea house.
Evening star., 1937-01-20

A LONG the Mount Vernon Highway
n the G.. G. c. has been busy estab-
~ fishing bride paths, picnic areas
and bird sanctuarieS They have
assisted experienced tree surgeons In
forestry work that will assure the preser-
vati0n of woodland surrounding WASH
ingtOn.
In the parks Of the city, where for
lack OF taxpayers funds the lawns and
shrubbery had deteriorated to an un-
slightly extent due to the impoverished
top soil, they have laid new soil. installed
underground drainage and sprinkler sys-
TENS, set up benches and bird and squir-
rel houses, put In new lights, planted
trees and shrubbery, improved the walks
and otherwise maintained in tiptop con-
dition centers Of public pleasure that
would not have known for years such
restoration without the funds allOcated
BY the New Deal to the District.
The old flats of Anacostia, unsightly
and q menace to health In other days,
have become a restful beauty spot and
recreational center for that section of
the city.
Within this period the new Union
Square has developed to beautify North
east washington. Bounded by First and
Third streets and Pennsylvania and
Maryland avenues, 1t Is today a level
parkland. ohering a sweeping vista Of
gardens from the Capitol to Union Sta
ton where, in other days, 1T was q
clutter OF bedraggled buildings.
Within the last two years the District
mas likewise known an era OF unprece-
dented building on the part of private
interests. Families provided with new
Evening star., 1937-01-20

the Triangle 1t has changed the face Of
the Washington landscape since 1898.
Bids have already been opened for
the Apex Building which. located in the
tip Of the Federal Triangle between Sixth
and Seventh streets, will house the Fed
efal Trade Commission within $40 cal
endar days from the date the work Is
begun.
Under the New Deal other public i'm
pr0vements in parks, Fairgrounds and
over the city generally have contributed
in beautifying still further the face of
the National Capital.
Last month, alone, 1000 men were
engaged in improvement work in Wash
ington parks under the administrations
emergency work program, with the assist
Ance OF Public Works Administration
funds. Some of these were engaged in
improving or laying sidewalks In the
Mall, others in construction of the new
swimming pool in Anacostia Park. and
still another group was busy on the East
Potomac Park swimming pool project.
Landscaping and seeding have been going
the Civilian Conservation Corps has been
occupying itself in the interests Of the
District In clearing out undergrowth and
debris in nearby forested areas. These
workers have also aided in grading opera
tions at the Rock Creek and Potomac
parkways, have helped to slope and land
Scape the banks between K and T streets,
and planted them with masses Of for
sythia. They have turned their labors to
good account at the Chevy Chase and
Randall and other recreation centers.
bringing these Fairgrounds completely
mp 70 date.
Evening star., 1937-01-20


buildings are no sooner completed than
reservations are made for occupancy. The
same story is told with regard to Office
structures. An increase Of as much as
800 per cent is reported in this field,
with the building still going on and de-
mands increasing for space.
w YHME all this construction work
4 ssS !, hs sdsst,2t St y 4efsPn
of the days when financial Sc
curity made life worth living for the in
habitants of the District. The high de-
mand for office space Is reflection. the
Board of Trade asserts, of the increasing
Importance Of the Capital as the nerve
center Of the Nation for all types of busi-
ness, transportation and investments.
1.-The natural result of the concentra-
ton of many regulatory bureaus In these
fields has been steady stream OF busl-
ness men into washington. AS further
result Of Government control great
many additional trade and reform asso-
Citations have either moved their head
quarters to Washington or opened
branches here New prosperity also has
been brought to the hotels because OF the
business groups visiting Washington for
short periods in connection with these
states further.
Since the Inauguration Of President
Roosevelt on March 4, 1898, the growth
in population in the District of Columbia
has been little short Of phenomenal. At
the time of the last census in 1880 the
population Of the District of Columbia
was 486 800. In the six-year period since
then Washington has led the entire
country in percentage of population IN
crease. and according to the estimates
of the Bureau of Census on July !, 1886,
there are now $4,000 people in the Dis
trict There has been an increasingly
rapid growth in the entire metropolitan
area, which now probably contains $780,
600 people.
traceable to the agencies of the admin
istration, for it has been due to the rap
idly expanding number of Federal divi-
sions and the greatly augmented old line
forces which have been necessary TO
carry on administration policies. From
Federal employment list of little over
SO, 900 in the District Of Columbia in 1898,
expansion took place until on June 80 Of
this year there were 117,103 Federal en-
ployeS in the city.
Also in April Of this year 41s0 en-
plOyable cases were dropped from the
relief rolls-the greatest proportional re-
duction since the relief division was set
up in 1892, according to Welfare d.
rector Elwo0d Street.
All this has naturally resulted in re-
markable business expansion. Retail
trade in 1885 was more than $3.50 600 600
"a gain of SO per cent over 1888. In the
wholesale field transactions totaled $780,
0OO, 900 in 1935-a 66 per cent increase
over 1888; Postal receipts increased
le per cent over 1888: Electric output
jumped from 407,0OO, 600 to 608, 100000
kilowatt hours in the two years from
1888 to 1885.
Evening star., 1937-01-20

The number Of telephones in use has
long been an index to the economic
status of community. Washington, by
this token, is outstanding among any
city in the world Between 1888 and 1896
there were installed in the Capital ap-
proximately $4,000 additional telephones,
until today there are about 205 900 tele-
phones in daily use. Likewise considered
In the luxury" class are the automobiles
used for pleasure. There are more than
10000 Of these registered in this city
at the present time.
Evening star., 1937-01-20

~ one turns for statistics to indicate
~ the economic status of Washington
incide and tell the same story-that
this city has prospered almost as never
before, since the beginning of the RooSe-
welt regime. Surveys bring out the fact
that WaShingtonianS are more prosper
GUS on an average than their fellow citi-
study made not long ago by Dr.. Irwin
Bussing, economist, and published by the
Columbia University Press, gave indica-
tion that Washington leads In the per-
centage Of its income tax returns, the
number Of radio sets bought, the number
dividuals gainfully employed.
This city Is shown to comprise the sec
ond highest income group In the United
States by this survey, ranking just below
the average non-farm resident OF New
Another indication of the changed eco
nomic status Of the Capital under the
administration of President Roosevelt Is
q Census Bureau report that shows the
lowest per capita gross debt for this city
inhabitants. In an analysis Of three
groups of cities, based on population, a
gross debt per capita of only 81 cents was
Indicated for Washington. This compares
with a gross debt per capita Of $87.64 in
Indianapolis, the only other city out Of
asS Is r!tn sao ood population OF between 100000
In 1854 the q cent per capita debt COM
pared with an average Of $199.73 for cities
of the size Of Washington and with
$2O4.01 per capita debt in these other
cities in 1888.
while these figures are conclusive evil
dence of the increased prosperity Of the
Capital during the past three years, the
results of the fourth year under the New
Deal are more striking still. Sales in
Washington rose as much as 10 per cent
over those Of year ago at the close of
1896. It was also reported by certain
department store heads that they ex-
pected their records to show even greater
increases when final tabulations are
made on the volume of Christmas trade
that ended December "a.
Bank clearings in this city for the week
ending December % backed up the ad-
vancing trade figures. In this period
they amounted to $24 1888 ,453, as against
$16,575, ,O94 for the corresponding week
year ago.
~HAT the new beauty Of Washington
and the reflected glamour of It's re-
kindled buoyancy of spirit are at
tracing more tourists to the Cap
ital is borne out by the fact that hotels
and apartment houses accommodating
Evening star., 1937-01-20

homes showed an increase of about 500
per cent within this period while apart
ment house builders report that the
buildings are no sooner completed than
reservations are made for occupancy. The
same story is told with regard to Office
structures. An increase Of as much as
800 per cent is reported in this field,
with the building still going on and de-
mands increasing for space.
Morgan County Democrat. (McConnelsville, Ohio) 1886-1943, 1937-05-27
Hopewell

Mr.. and Mrs. w. S. Barkhurst
spent Monday at Chesterhill Mr..
and Mrs. John Wetherell and two
daughters of Bailey ridge were Sun
day guests of Mr.. and Mrs. Delbert
Able. Mr.. and Mrs. Raymond Hos
ON and children spent Saturday a.
Russell Stitt's of GAINESVILLE. Mrs.
Jessie Crawford, near Barnesville, is
assisting at A. X. Ridgley' -Myron
Miller, Ross Finley and Eva Bing-
man spent Sunday evening at Bert
Roberts Mr.. and Mrs. Clarence
Tolbert and children of Meigs were
callers at Albert Ellis, Sunday even
ing. Mrs. Emmett Scott of Hickory
ridge spent the week end with her
parents, Mr. and Mrs. w. j. Best
Eva Louise Llewellyn of Grant hos
pital, Columbus, is spending her
months vacation with her parents,
Mr. and Mrs. r. j. Newman. Mr..
and Mrs. c. F. Drake and son Carl
ton were Sunday guests of Mr.. and
Mrs. w. C. Spillman of Cloud Mr..
and Mrs c.. E. Newburn entertained
Sunday, Mr. and Mrs. w. S. Dougan
and Mr.. and Mrs. Orville Davis and
son Of Chesterhill. Mr.. and Mrs. D.
L. Wilson were callers Sunday even
ing at Carl Hosom' s.--Mrs. M. A
Wright of Malta spent Tuesday will
Morgan County Democrat. (McConnelsville, Ohio) 1886-1943, 1937-05-27
Rural Dale

All who have friends buried. OF
are interested in any way in the AL
len cemetery, are requested to meet
Saturday, May 20, for the purpose OF
moving and cleaning it. Please kee1
the date in mind Mrs Lawrence
of McConnelsyille is staying with
Mrs. Belle Buchanan, whose illness
has been noted in these items, AMI
whose improvement is very slow
John Inlay Of GAINESVILLE was a cali
er Sunday at the l. j. Miller home.
Mr.. INLAY has been seriously i'll for
several months, and is still poorly.
but we are glad to know that he is
able to be out again. THE condition
OF Finley Culver remains about the
same. His cousins, Mr. and Mrs.
Howard Smith and family of New
Concord spent Sunday with him.
Other callers at his home were Mr..
and Mrs. Harry Ellis and daughter
Doyle. and Mrs. Ellis parents, Mr.
and Mrs Morgan, all of Cumber-
land; also Charles Carpenter famil =
and A. H. Huffman Mr.. and Mrs.
Herschel Roberts and little daugh
ter Linda Lee of Lansing, Mich, are
guests of the formers parents, Mr..
and Mrs. Harlan Roberts Mrs. Elec-
ia Elliott of Malta is visiting her sis
ter, Mrs. Anna Downing Isaac
Shilling and daughter, Mrs. Pearl
Richardson of Malta, spent Sunday
with Mrs. Mary E. Hunter Mr.. and
Mrs. Lawrence Achauer of Zanes-
vile were Sunday visitors with the
latter's mother, Mrs. J. V. Riggs
Mrs. Thurman Dickson who has been
confined to her bed with a heavy
cold, is slightly better. Miss Iva
Bowers of Gaysport is helping with
the house work Mrs. Lou Frame
and son Corwin were visiting Mr..
and Mrs. Denzil Frame, of Philo,
Sunday Mr.. and Mrs Orrin Boal
of GAINESVILLE called on Mrs. L. F.
Roberts Sunday afternoon Other
callers were Mr.. and Mrs. Lawrence
Achauer. also of GAINESVILLE, Mrs