davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1937-04-27
HARLAN TERRORIST
RULE IN 1887 TOLD
Assassination Threats and
Bribery Attempts Related
by Union Workers.
BACKGROUND

BACKGROUND
After months OF probing habits OF
espionage practtced BY some OF
Nations great industries, Senate
Ciuil Liberties Committee turned
attention to status Of human rights
in notorious Harlan County. Ky,
home of some OF Dorld's richest soft
coal fields. Charges OF strono-arm
rule through collusion betUeen coal
operators and law enforcement
agencies haue been numerous and
retuted only in small part.
Evening star., 1937-04-27
BROADCAST.

Seems he caught local short-wave
flend in conversation with a fellow
ham" out in Nebraska. The local
lad happened to mention the thought
that he could do with a nice mess Of
oysters, then found himself using up
the next hour trying to tell the Ne
braskan, who'd never seen one, Just
what Is an oyster and why it's good
to eat.
Try it yourself sometime-explain
ing an oyster.
COLOR.
THE austere simplicity Of the monu-
mental edifice which now houses
Secretary Harold B. Ickes and the De-
partment OF the Interior has been
frightened by spread OF by 9
rubber mats at all the street level
entrances. These mats are modern
in construction, but purely Indian in
color and design. Sporting all the
primary colors and showing the geo.
metric designs favored by the Indians,
they make cheerful contrast to the
val, ~lAllC nlo lSilU SIds Va llAC wnlAo
and floors and are reminder that
the Indians had distinctive ideas con-
cerning art, either with Or without 4
capital A.
The story back Of the selection Of
these designs is an interesting one, aS
the nine patterns were chosen in a
contest open to the students of the
five Indian schools maintained by
the Government Sixy-four designs
we're submitted, and the nine selected
were by students OF Haskell Institute,
in Kansas. But the selections repre-
sent the ideas Of students of eight
different tribes-Sioux, Blackfoot.
Chippewa, Seneca, Cheyenne, Kicka-
poo, Cherokee and Potawatomi.
The designs are very similar to
those seen on Indian rugs and blan-
kets, but each tells q separate story,
the inspiration for which il associated
with tribal history Of the country in
which the tribe roamed In nomad days.
X
SOUR.
THERE'S young local marine who 6
much sadder these days because
his lip wasn't up to normal early on .
recent morning.
He's a bugler and he WAS all set to
make the junket to London to be one
Of the ofncial marine buglers at the
coronation-he was all set until the
other morning. Then, as he was blow
ing reveille, or some such thing, he
struck slightly sour note
Evening star., 1937-04-27
INCREASED DEFICIT
SEEN IN CONGRESS
Smell and Byrd Believe Fig
ures Will Far Exceed Presi.
dents Estimate.
BACKGROUND

BACKGROUND
Powerful drive tor economy in
government has developed in past
tep weeks as tar repenues tell
short OF expected totals and various
special groups increased pressure
for costly legislation.
In Senate. economy f0ht is being
led by Byrd OF Virginia, Uho tapors
reorganization OF departmental set-
up as best means OF cutting costs.
In House, f0ht Uas touched OF
by Republicans NTH proposal that
appropriation bills be slashed fat
10 per cent.
Evening star., 1937-04-27
Judiciary

Continued From First Page.)
Evening star., 1937-04-27
Taxes

Continued From FIRST Page.)
Evening star., 1937-04-27
Parking

Continued Prom First Page.)
Evening star., 1937-04-27
ARMY BILL TOPS
BUDGET ESTIMATE
Military Establis hme t
Measure S25,OOO,OO0
Over Current Cost.
BACKGROUND,

BACKGROUND
Traditional War Department dp-
preparation bill is thing OF past. 1t
has been dipided into t,uo measures.
Today the House Appropriations
Committee is reporting first OF neW
bills, for military establishments.
Other supply bill, for non military
establishments, is to be handled
separdtely Procedure is designed
to correct false impressions as to
cost OF Army by separating such
activities as riuerS and hdrborS and
food control work of Corps OF Army
Engineers and other non military
projects.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1937-10-02
Al SMITH MUM
ON BLACK TALK

NEW YORK, Oct. 2 GN.S).
Former Governor Alfred E. Smith
was "out for a ride in the ccun-
try today and there was none
to say whether he joined the
American radio audience which
last night listened to Justice Hugo
Blacks exposition of his relation
to the Ku Klux Khan.
Justice Blacks reference to the
campaign of 1928 brought Smith
directly into the proceedings but
at his office today it was reported
that he had made no statement
and in fact, no one could say that
he even listened to the broadcast.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1937-10-02
Wrong House
Mrs. Black Enters
Adjoining Home

G.N.S) Supreme Court Justice
Hugo L. Black may have been
very calm" when he reached
Claude Hamilton's home last night
for his history.making radio ad-
dress to the nation-but not so
with his wife.
Arriving at the normally quiet
home five minutes after her hus-
band had eluded the press by en-
tering through the cellar door,
Mrs. Black, Fastening through the
crowd milling about outside,
walked into the wrong house.
Unfamiliar with the neighbor-
hood, the car which brought her
dropped her off at the house next
to the Hamilton'S. She assembled
the steps, opened the door and
walked in. Not until she was in
side did she discover her mistake.
Apologizing profusely, she beat a
haSty retreat, crossed the lawn
and entered the Hamilton home.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1937-10-02
Future Deeds Born
In Past, Says Black

G.N.SO What a man has done
in the past he will do in the fu-
ture, Justice Hugo L. Black once
told the Senate. In fighting con-
firmation Of Huge M. Tate as COM
missioner Of the Interstate Com
merce Commission on the ground
of railroad connections, Black, as
Senator, said on February 49,
1880: SHOW me the kind OF
steps a man made in the
sand five years ago and I'll show
you the kind Of steps he Is likely
to make in the sand five years
hence"
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1937-10-02
Lieut.. Gov. Kelley
Asks Black Custer

BOSTON, Oct. 2 0N.SD.-A
resignation demand by President
Roosevelt, or impeachment by
Congress of Supreme Court
Justice Hugo L. Black. "for the
safety of the people of the great
United States" was urged today
by Lieut.. Gov. Francis E. Kelly.
Kelly charged Blacks address
was IAN insult to the intelligence
of the American people" He
added: why did not Justice
Black tell why he joined the Ku
Klux Klan?"
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1937-10-02
ALL. Chiefs Silent
On Black Speech

DENVER, Oct. 2 GN.s).-The
radio address Of Supreme Court
Justice Hugo Lafayette Black Of
Alabama, admitting he was once a
member of the Ku Klux Khan at
tracted intense interest among
American Federation Of Labor
convention delegates here, but
they did not comment.
William Green, A. F. Of L. pres
ident, said he did not hear the
speech, and before he retired read
newspaper accounts only sketch
lily. He added he would have moth
ing to say.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1937-10-02
Comment Of Press
On Black Defense
EAST
Times, New York, Ind. Dem:

Times, New YORK, IND. Dem.:
If Mr.. Justice Black had been
able to deny his earlier asSocia-
ton with the Ku Klux Khan, a
simple statement of few words
would have been sufficient for the
purpose. That statement could
have been made in Paris weeks
ago. It could have been made
promptly, as soon as the 'lestion
was raised by newspaper articles
alleging his Khan membership;
for before even a word of news
about those charges appeared in
print Mr.. Black was offered an
opportunity to deny them. He re-
jected that opportunity, as he re-
jected subsequent opportunities.
The simple statement of denial OF
past membership in the Khan was
never made. 1t is now clear why
it was never made. The charge
was true.
We do not believe for moment
that Mr.. Black would have been
nominated by the President for
the high office he now holds, or
confirmed in that office by the
Senate, if either the President or
the Senate had known what they
know now.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1937-10-02

animation.
1t was youthful and attractive
Mrs. Claude Hamilton, whose
modest, suburban home was the
scene of Blacks precedent-shatter-
ing address to radio listeners.
RESTORES ORDER
Packing off her five-year-old
daughter, julie, to kindergarten,
Mrs. Hamilton worked busily to
restore order in her disturbed
household affairs.
Last night as Black talked to
the nation from the Hamilton'S
comfortable living room, the nor
mally quiet street outside the red
brick Colonial house seethed with
excited neighbors who came to
observe history in the making.
With the exception of the radio
men, only nine persons watched
the Justice face the microphone.
They were Claude Hamilton and
his wife; Mrs. Black; Mr.. and
Mrs. Sterling Foster and Mr.. and
Mrs. C. ]. Durr, relatives Of the
Blacks, and Miss Anne Celeste
Butt, secretary to the Justice.
Little julie was allowed to stay
up with her elders on this mo-
mentous occasion and sat perched
at the head Of the stairs.
AS a mark of respect to Black,
all the women wore semi-formal
evening dress. Mrs. Black was at
tired in a black velvet dinner gown
while her hostess wore a white
satin evening dress. None of the
men was attired formally.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1937-10-02
Blacks Address
Held Court Bar

CHICAGO, Oct. 2 Q.N.s0.-Tho
Church League of America today
distributed letters to its members,
terming the radio speech Of Su.
preme Court Justice Hugo L. Black
a stunt" and sufficient reason
for him to be barred from the
court.
It stated in part:
1--WE assert that an associate
justice of the Supreme Court
who feels called upon to perform
such a stunt to explain himself
to the country is thereby alone,
disqualified for such an ex.
allied judicial position"
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1937-10-02

Herald Tribune, New York,
Ind. Rep:
Mr.. Justice Blacks whole con-
duct since the charges Of Khan
membership were brought against
him has been that of a coward.
Faced by repeated opportunities
to tell the truth as he saw it, he
has skulked and lodged and run
away.
He has now added the vice OF
hypocrisy to his record Of evasion.
In his fireside chat he has pro-
tested his tolerance and his devo-
ticn to the Klan's enemies and at
the same time sought to minimize,
while admitting, his Klan's mem
bership.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1937-10-02
COrcOran Advised
Black on Address

G.N.SJ Thomas Corcoran, con-
fidant of the Administration and
its ace trouble shooter" advised
Justice Hugo L. Black in the prepao
ration Of the Justices radio ad.
dress.
At least three other lawyers in
the RFC aided Black, and it was
reported that the editor Of lib.
eral magazine also advised him.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1937-10-02

=; 80. ss;s:.' &HMES
ma gAOtTAl'0
ReTO@
aa0ooA0aA

Published daily at 1917 II st.
N. W.. Washington. D. c.
Editor and Publisher.
Mrs. Eleanor Patterson
Associate Publisher,
William C. Shelton
Entered as second-claSs matter
Saturday, october 2. 1887. at the
Post Office at Washington. D. C.
The Washington Times win be
sent to any subscriber in the
United States. postpaid. at the
following rates:
I month. e so 8 months. $3.50
9 months. 1875 year. 80. 500
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1937-10-02
FAR WEST
Times, Los Angeles, Ind. Rep:

Times, Los Angeles, Ind. Rep:
He uttered words in conflict
with established fact. And. he
managed to contradict himself
damningly. His predatory state
ment concerning the Importance
Of religious freedom and the in.
vincibility Of the guarantees in the
Bill Of Rights was well enough,
and could be considered fortnight
and proper If his sincerity was
not open to question.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1937-10-02
Boston Herald, Rep.

If we assume that Mr.. Black
spoke the truth last night when he
fervently protested his own broad
mindedness-and it is impossible
to believe otherwise of a member
of the Supreme Court-we are
forced to the bitter conclusion that
for four years he hoodwinked his
acknowledgements and exploited
their provincialisms and passions
to his personal advantages.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1937-10-02
MalOney Refuses
To Aid Intolerance

M E RIDEN, Conn, Oct. 2
0N.SO.-United States Senator
Francis T. Maloney CD with
held comment today on the
speech Of Supreme Court Justice
Hugo L. Black.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1937-10-02
STEEL WAGES UP

NEW YORK, Oct. 2 (C.TP.s0.
More than 5000 employees were
on the pay roll of the steel in
dustry during August, compared
with $4,000 employees in July, &C
cording to a report of the Ameri-
can Iron & Steel Institute today.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1937-10-02
BAHAMA ISLAND
GOVERNOR HERE,
TOURISTS
Briton Seeks U. S.
Visitors and Trade

There is a lean and lanky Brit.
Usher In town today who can al.
most break your heart.
With winter coming on, he con
conjure before you visions Of sum
bathed coral islands washed by
summer seas, and whispering Q
song Of solitude and peace.
But back Of it all, with the prac.
tibilty Of his race, the mind Of
Acting Governor ]. H. Jarrett Of
the Bahama Islands-for it is he
who speaks-is set on such things
as trade and tourists, visible and
invisible balances and out-island
communication by plane.
FROM NEW YORK
Here for the day, Governor Jar.
rett, a youthful-looking colonial
administrator with a background
of "a years in the service Of his
government, including II years in
Africa, four in the West Indies
and army duty during the war,
made the Mayflower Hotel his
base and the British Embassy and
State Department his principal
ports Of call. He is on his way
back to Nassau after several days
in New York interviewing hotel
managers, the tourist and steam.
ship agencies, and officials of
Pan-American Always.
I'VE need trade and we need
an out-island plane service in
the Bahamas" the governor said
between telephone calls which
kept him on the jump. Last
winter we had the biggest tour.
ist season in our history, and
we look for a better season this
year.
In addition to the two lines
which regularly make Nassau q
port Of call, one Of them with a
weekly and the other a fort.
nightly service, we will be visited
this winter by IS cruise ships, in,
Guiding the Normandie. But
most Of the winter visitors and
those who have winter homes in
Nassau or on other islands of
the group come by way of Miami
and take the boat or plane from
there. 1t only takes an hour and
three-quarterS to fly over from
Miami. By boat 1t Is an ever.
nigth trip-about IS hours.
you can get down there over.
night from New York or Wash.
ington.
HAVE STOCK TICKER
zone Of the things / was par.
ticularly concerned with in New
York was making sure that We
Will have a stock ticker in Mas.
sau this winter as we had last
year. That has all been ar.
ranged. Americans who come
down during the winter can
keep in intimate touch with
what is going on up here and.
II necessary, can get back in .
hurry. They can leave Nassau
at $3.50 in the afternoon and be
in New York at 6 o'clock the
next morning. We have radio
telephone service to the United
States and England.
I'VE are trying now to work
out an out-island plane service
which will make some of the
other islands more readily &C.
cessible to visitors. There are
800 sizeable islands and 5000
small islands in the Bahama
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1937-10-02

such operators before noon.
Five county policemen secured
Lee Highway as far south as War
renton, Va, issuing tickets against
offending motorists. At the sale
time, Sheriff Howard B. Fields
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1937-10-02
Ledger, Newark, N. J., Ind:

Ledger, Newark, N. j., Ind:
Hugo L. Black made just as Seri-
Gus a mistake when he Joined the
Supreme Court as when he Joined
the Ku Klux Khan. He resigned
from the Khan to maintain an ap-
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1937-10-02
FOES TO PRESS
FIGHT ON BLACK

CONTINUED from Page u
membership Of any kind in the
Ku Klux Khan"
3. Denied present Khan mem
bership and denounced all forms
of religious and racial intoler-
ance.
4. Asserted his record as a
Senator "refuted every implica-
ton of intolerance; charging "a
concerted campaign" was under
way "to create racial and re-
ligious hatred"
5. Declared his willingness to
shatter precedents in order to
avert such a catastrophe in
this land dedicated to tolerance
and freedom"
ISSUES FIGHT NOTICE
6. Served notice he planned to
take his Supreme Court seat
Monday and fight all efforts to
remove HIM.
Justice Black declared this was
his final word on the issue and
appealed TO the American people
"to close the subject"
There were number of things
on which the Justice was silent.
He did not explain why he:
/. Failed to inform the Presi-
dent of his past membership in
the Khan.
2. Permitted friends to tell
the Senate during the fight over
his confirmation that he had
never been a member c. the
Khan.
3. Joined the Khan.
4. Resigned from the Khan.
5. After his resignation, &C.
copied Khan support in 1925
when he was first elected to the
Senate.
6. After his election, accepted
the grand gold passport, EN-.
blematic OF life membership in
the Khan.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1937-10-02
epearance Of decency. He should
resign from the Supreme Court to
attain the substance Of decency.

Telegram, Worcester, Mass, Rep:
Hugo L. Black, newly created
Justice Of the United States Su-
preme Court, last night made per-
haps as good a plea in his own
defense as could be made under
the circumstances. But it remains
the plea of a man who was caught
with the goods.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1937-10-02
Post. PittsburEh)

IA USS-O0AGSSOD ANSSVA8AJ
Mr.. Black himself supplied fit
ting comment for the situation
when, on the floor of the Senate in
1890, he said, "Show me the steps
a man made in the sand five years
ago and I will show you the steps
he is likely to make in the same
sand five years hence"
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1937-10-02
Black s Talk
Splits u. S.
Leaders

|
The precedent-shattering address
Of Justice Hugo L. Black, admit
ting former membership in the
Ku Klux Khan but denying re-
ligious or racial prejudice, last
night stirred divided sentiment.
John L. Lewis, chairman Of the
Committee for Industrial organ
isation, termed the speech a def
milton of the creed of all Amer
leans. He called 1t a powerful
and straightforward statement"
MAS ATTITUDE
1t will not halt ANY move
toward his impeachment and
might cause it to spread" Repre-
sentative Melvin :. Mas CRJ, Of
Minnesota, announced.
Other comments follow:
SENATOR WILLIAM Fl.
SMATHERS CD Of New Jersey:
II think the speech leaves no
body in America in any doubt as
to Justice Blacks ability to serve
the nation on the Supreme Court.
The speech will put an end to
talk Of impeachment"
"oNE.ACT PLAY"
REPRESENTATIv TIVE SOL
BLOOM 3D. of New York:
"It was just a one-act play. I
am just Is much in q fog now
as ever was. He didn't discuss
the issue at all.
Personally, he laid himself
kopen to further attack. He said
the issue was closed as far as he
was concerned, but I don't think
it is"
SENATOR GLASS CD, vir.
ginia: II voted against his con.
firmation before the Khan issue
was raised, and I don't think that
his address throws any different
light on the subject"
REP. FRED A. HARTLEY, JR
(RJ, Of N. j., who condemned
Blacks Khan affiliation, said:
His denials Of religious and
racial prejudice would come with
better grace were 1t not for his
record Of opposing antilynching
legislation even since he entered
the Senate and up to the day he
was nominated for the Supreme
Court"
CLEAR STATEMENT"
SEN. Ebert d. THOMAS.
(D.), Of Utah, a Black supporter
said:
"A clear statement and a clear
cut Interpretation Of the Constitu'
ton and the First Amendment. /"
~ExONERATED HIM"
REPRESENTATIVE J. W. ROB.
ENSoS Cd, Of Utah: 1T com.
pletely exonerated him and shows
that anyone born in the South
and reared under the same cir
cumStances likely would have had
the same experience"
SENATOR RUSH d. HOLT
Cd, of West Virginia-"What can
be said? He pleads guilty"
SENATOR ROBERT REY-
NOLDS DO, Of North Carolina
THE radio address of Justice Black
offers new evidence Of his great
ability and his record for toler-
ance. It was an effective answer
to charges Of intolerance leveled
against him"
81 AM SATISFIED"
REPRESENTATIVE LEMK E
(R.), North Dakota: after listen
ing to Justice Black I feel he will
protect and defend the Constitu.
ton, including the Bill of Rights.
against all enemies, foreign and
domestic"
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1937-10-02

of Arlington county announced
that if these drivers purchase
Virginia tags before they are
scheduled to appear in court,
charges against them will be
dropped.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1937-10-02
PRESIDENT FAILS
TO HEAR BLACKS
KHAN ADMISSION
Gives Impression Radio
Avoided PurpoSeIy
BY GEORGE DURNO

ABOARD PRESIDENTIAL SPE
CIAL EN- ROUTE TO GRAND
CoULEE DAM, Oct. 2 Q.N.s0.
President Roosevelt was aware to-
day that Hugo L. Black, his first
appointee to the Supreme Court,
had once been a Klansman-but
for the moment at least he was
withholding comment.
Details of Justice Blacks un-
precedented radio defense of his
K. K. K. background were con-
veyed to Mr.. Roosevelt aboard his
special train last night by third
parties and kilograms from Wash
ington. -.
SPEECH IS MISSED Y
The President himself did not
hear the address. At the time
Black was speaking, Mr.. Roosevelt
was receiving military salutes and
watching an Illuminated aerial dis
play at Camp Lewis, 16 miles out
side of Tacoma, Wash.
BY the time Justice Black had
finished his history-making talk,
the President was still miles from
the radio on the private car Of his
special train. There was one in
the closed automobile he drove
toward Olympia. capital Of Wash
ington, but he shifted to his open
car on the outskirts.
Those accompanying the PreSi-
dent on his transcontinental lin
spection" swing got the impress
sion the Chief Executive was de-
liberately keeping himself aloof
from the Black broadcast.
JAMES HEARS ADDRESS
The first word the President re-
ceived came from his son and
White House secretary. James
Roosevelt. Son James had a radio
in his car tuned in on the former
Alabama Senator.
Senator Lewis Schwellenbach Of
Washington, New Deal supporter
who is accompanying the party
temporarily, said he had heard the
speech on an automobile radio.
II thought it was fine-con-
sidering the fact he admitted
he was once a member Of the
Khan" said Schwellenbach.
TO INSPECT DAM
Today, the Presidential Special
will halt at Ephrata, Wash, dur
ing the breakfast hour and at 9
a. m. P.S.T.) Mr.. Roosevelt will
disembark to motor to Grand
Coulee Dam, one Of the New
Deals ambitious reclamation and
power projects in the Northwest.
He will arrive at the dam at
IL o'clock for a brief inspection
tour and an impromptu address,
after which he will return to
Ephrata to reboard his special
train so he may visit Fort Peck
Dam in Montana on Sunday.
The Executives first nationally
broadcast speech on the homeward
journey will come at st. Paul on
Monday night from the back plat
form of the 10-car special. Be
cause this speech has been in
jected into the Presidential timer
airy since Justice Black decided
to take to the air in his own de-
tense, it is possible Mr.. Roosevelt
may seize that opportunity to
break his silence on Blacks Khan
connection.
REACTION AWAITED
The second nationally broadcast
address comes Tuesday at Chicago
at the dedication of the Outer
Drive Link Bridge, where the
President may report to the coun-
try his reaction to his intake"
trip.
At Olympia and Tacoma yester-
day cheering throngs pressed over
curbS toward his motorcade as it
swung down from the wilderness
Of the Olympic peninsula.
M /&A~