davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1937-02-15

height the
and intelligence obtained
tant positions
When finally later his identity disclosed he had become
indispensable that his arSocac birth
no longer held against him and allowed continue his brilliant
In FACT by that time former Czart officers had
taken responsible
already instead
instrument OF hands the Moscow
Tukatchevky
Voroshlov,
dashng handsome officer should
him with the position
There doubt that the field marshas activities
under close scrutiny He w trial
the prosecution has Wdter tight against him.
Germans
ing hard in the Soviet suspicion
leaders and within the ranks of the Communist
Many faxed documents the Office the public
a damnng evidence
This being done uih definite trouble Uihn
the minds OF Russians
The Germans in the conflict Russia internal
disturbances within the Soviet republics much they their
and air fleets If the Russian that
traitors
them and disturbances which would
the
ac-
Evening star., 1937-02-15

the significant quotations from Cum
mings' speech which reveal, more than
anything else, the fundamental reason
why the administration wants to pack
the Supreme Court with justices hold
ing opinions different from the JUS
tices now on the highest court in the
land:
THAT the freedom of our people
to direct their own destiny has been
hampered, especially of late, by judi
cial action is scarcely open to debate.
These limitations upon congressional
power have brought into challenge a
wide range of projects and measures
Overwhelmingly approved by our peo-
pie.
ITO confess that our institutions
are not capable of serving our needs
implies an admission we should be
reluctant to make. Questions of vast
significance are moving to their solu-
ton. The problems of America are
insistent. We are a Nation. Our
people think as Nation. They act
upon a Nationwide front. Industry
has long since spread its arms be-
yond the boundaries of a single State
indeed, beyond the seas. Labor
marches on the parade ground of a
continent. 1t is idle to say that agri-
culture is local matter or a ques-
ton for farmers alone. They know
that nature decreed it otherwise. The
winds and the dust and the drought
10 tnt4
lines They have unmistakable juris-
dictions of their own. I trust it may
not be deemed indelicate if I borrow
the quaint phrase of Mr.. Justice
Holmes and suggest that some of our
judges need education in tie OBJ
viouS.'"
Amendment Still Possible.
In the following paragraph, the
Attorney General has succintly ex-
pressed the Presidents objections to
the recent decisions of the Supreme
Court ever since nine justices, young
and old, liberal and conservative, de-
clared by unanimous opinion that the
N. r. A. was a violation of the Con-
stitution, and that if the people
Wdl4tCQ ouC4I CCO4lDAAA4C VI oOS1oI 1C-
forms they could amend the Consti-
tuition and get them.
Unfortunately, the whole tone and
spirit of the Attorney Generals
speech Is that of campaign orator
answering q campaign attack. Un-
fortunately. too, there have been
partisans in the last few days who in
attacking both the President and his
plan have used the invective of the
campaign and have in truth, as Mr..
Cummings says, tried to revive the
technique of the last political cam
paign."
But, while some of the opposition
to the plan to pack the Supreme
Court has been obviously political, the
big bulk of it is not partisan at all.
Cummings has ignored the opposition
that is coming from progressiveS and
liberals, men like Senator Hiram
johnson of California, Senator Clark
of Missouri, and Senator Burton
Wheeler of Montana, to none of whom
the Attorney General justly apply the
following paragraph of his address:
why the Supreme Court should be
Evening star., 1937-02-15

states are deSpotismS, masquerading
| under other names. Democracy is a
beleaguered island, set now in a
stormy sea Of dictatorship Day by
day the geographical areas of liberty
contract.
There is fear of war. In Edin-
! burgh the British war minister, Duff
Cooper, warned his audience that
catastrophe approaches" and a few
days ago Neville Chamberlain, cham
cellor of the exchequer, proposed to
| the House of Commons a $4,000, ,000,-
900 loan for ornaments.
We are apprehensive that in the
next four years fateful events will
occur abroad. We know that what
ever our policy may be, they will ef-
| feet us nightly. We know that in
| times of stress and chaos men tend
toward dictatorship, rushing to put
into the hands of others RESPONSE
bilities which they feel too heavy to
be borne themselves. And some of us
| think that We see, and think that We
see quite clearly, that the step which
President Roosevelt now proposes TO
take, in filling the Supreme Court
with his own appointees, is the first
fateful step toward establishing the
legal technique of dictatorship.
Freedom Is Watchful.
Liberty depends upon the mainte-
nance of its safeguards. Freedom is
.yotohful opd aalo,,c IU1,ar IL coocaS
to be so, the love of freedom is al
ready moribund. And all of history
proves that the greatest safeguard of
freedom is the independence of the
courts. This proposal is direct as
sault upon this independence. By
no stretch of sympathetic magma
ton can it be otherwise regarded.
At the very moment when the
President recommends a reorganiza-
tion of the Federal administration to
take important Offices out of the
spoils system, including the long
abused post Office. he proposes to put
the Supreme Court Of the land into
the spoils system! What would you
think of this proposal If another
man, with other purposes, sat IN tne
White House? Huey Long did just
this thing-he packed the Louisiana
courts.
What would the liberals Of this
country think Of this proposal II the
President of the United States were
the candidate of the Liberty League
or supported by the Black Legion?
Truth Emerges.
All the arguments speciously ad-
vanced at the outset have already
faded away. The docket of the Su-
preme Court is not overcrowded. Two
vacancies in the Federal courts have
been open for a year, untitled. 1t has
been impossible to establish any con-
nection between the age of the judges
and the crowding Of the dockets The
President himself has dropped the ar
gument. The truth is now apparent.
The personnel of the Supreme Court
must be supplanted because the Pres
ident and the present Congress do
Evening star., 1937-02-15

generally parachute avoiding the more tedious
system of faxed
In recent months the number
that as foreign plane snaled
police patrol takes of and follows
territory.
months There doubt
something TO do with this But the
trade IS that the world nations
products
country.
Since factories
to place orders in this products
II there demand
for the Europe and
Evening star., 1937-02-15

TITO MANY people President
Roosevelt's bombshell mes
sage regarding the judiciary
, seemed like political f1ddling
while the General Motors sit-down
strike was a burning issue and while
the great floods were tearing the
heart out Of the Mississippi Basin.
Actually, there is a connection be-
tween these catastrophes and the
way in which the Federal courts have
blocked the New Deal. 1t is not too
much to say that we are powerless to
deal with the forces OF nature-in-
cluding human nature-so long as the
courts continue to operate as q sort
OF legal extension service for the great
corporations.
For example, last June and early in
July the National Labor Relations
Board was conducting hearings on the
Walkout strike of $500 General Mo-
tors workers in the Chevrolet Fisher
Body plant at st. Louis. G. M. did
the usual of applying for an injunc-
ton in the Federal District Court
and secured stay on appeal to the
Eighth Circuit Court at Kansas CITY.
quite recently, N. L. r. B. attorneys
argued for reversal before the Cir
cult Court, but found that there was
no disposition on the part Of the tri-
bunal to relieve the Government.
while the constitutionality Of the law
itself lies before the Supreme Court.
The order affects the G. M. plant at
| Kansas City. This means that the
Governments chosen agency for set
! Ting labor disputes is completely
blocked from conducting any indus
try-wlde election or investigation of
General Motors in the aftermath of
the Flint sStrike.
Flsod Problem and Courts.
The flood problem is also entaneled
in court procedure. The most effec-
tive method of flood control is through
storage OF dams on the headwaters
and tributaries. (ReforeStation and
leVees are supplementary Big dams
are so expensive that unless they can
help pay for themselves by power pro-
duction the cost of this form of food
insurance would be prohibitive. Yet
until the litigation over T. V. AS
multiple-purpose dams-power, nav
igation and food CONTROLS settled,
1t Is sheer waste for the Government
to proceed with q unified storage
dam program.
Here the Government has an i'm
pressive bill Of particulars against the
privately owned utilities and against
their judicial allies
For instance, the Alabama Power
Co.. Commonwealth & Southern
subsidiary, signed agreements with
the T V. A. for the purchase Of
''yardstick" electricity and for ac-
| QUESTION by T. v. A of certain dis
tribution facilities, three years ago.
Not only did Alabama Power fail
to transfer properties in accordance
with its contract, but the resultant
Ashwander case revealed that instead
OF such action being instituted solely
by preferred stockholders, as stated
by opposing attorney in court, the
Edison Electric Institute (of which
Commonwealth & Southern is aneg-
| edly member) later admitted paying
$50 900 to the law firm pressing the
action. This was the same utility
organization which paid Newton D.
Baker and the late James NJ. Beck
| $4,000 for an opinion holding T. ".
AS power program unconstitutional,
though the latter was upheld by ths
Supreme Court so far as initial oper-
ations involving Wilson Dam were
concerned
tCopyright. 1871
Evening star., 1937-02-15

increase the strain on the main line
levee system.
Lower valley dwellers from Cairo
to New Orleans had new assurances
from Army engineers that there was
no cause for worry.
AT Baton Rouge, Gov. Richard w.
Leche ordered levees on the Louisiana
side Of the river in Concordia Parish
patrolled by National Guardsmen to
relieve them of the weight of thou
sands of grazing cattle and hogs
driven from lowland pastures by
backWaters.
Evening star., 1937-02-15

granted a special exemption from the
plan, no one has been able to explain.
If there were no judges on that
Court of retirement age, there would
be no substantial objection from any
responsible quarter. What, then, is
Evening star., 1937-02-15

Russia, in Ger
many a n d in
Italy. In all of
I h ese countries
civil rights and
C o n S titutional
government, rep
resenta tion Of
minoritiIsS a n d
the appeal of the
citizen against
the state have
b e e n abolished
S p a i n is in
flames. Much of
Eastern Europe
and many of the
South American
Evening star., 1937-02-15

the real objection? 1t is simply this:
Those who wish to preserve the status
quo want to retain on the bench
judges who may be relied upon to
veto progressive measures"
(Copyright, 1872
Evening star., 1937-02-15

unless three
VINO VINO are o now on 'e oeich S'oe Will Ills 0o epA'o " ~
OF the five defendants three manufacturers
line the fifth news-dispenng organization.
the bus line is the only which
clearly hown to be interstate commerce and thereby possibly sub
c the regulations Wagner Labor Board The neus serce
but the manufacturers (te Mr. Roosevelt
reach NTH his hours pan are probably not
the established precedents OF the court
the win the bus and possibly
all
process close decision
case th tm n hey MISS Perkins aod
wyzans brilliantly what argument he had did the other
him) But they
a very spot.
obviously because the pcdents of the court
hold that manufacturing is interstate commerce.
position acrity prior
goods stopped
that
refnthtng
not to fit the courts established definition.
n a
NoteThe abroad that the justices waited until i'll Justice
This be deduction without much reason There seems to
for the supposion that the judges considered
the might be closely divided.
strike settlement Ordinarily this would
be possible indication that settlement In this
however the cheering have obseured the underlying situation
uaak ond unS one hut neyeheIess od General Motors also
from gaining control of its labor
conceded Lewis slight oohod but implied he would
Murphy.
No labor authority here fooled into accepting the settlement
as ANYTHING more than truce 1t settled the strike out did not settle
begun.
One thing Michigans Murphy
the United States while he
negotiating this authorities heard ubrosa talk from
a If he able referee
developing getting killed politically will be miracle
think he be-
settle in
production statistics Ford and ch at last beginning get
practically
Evening star., 1937-02-15

not the age Of
the justices, but
their opinions.
This has been
the basis also of
the argument of
the Presidents
plan, but they
have been sur
prised today to
find direct con-
hrmatiou by the
man who, 1t Is
officially acknowl-
edged. helped the
Pre- S | d e mt in
formulating the
naLnnan Hann nro
Evening star., 1937-02-15
Intent Is Held
Revealed BY
Cummings
Radio Speech on Court
Seer as Confirmation
of Political Motive.
BY DAVID LAWRENCE.

A TTORNEY GENERAL CUM
~ MINGS, with that character
~ istic frankneSS which has al
n ways featured his addresses,
has just made radio speech in effect
telling the American people that the
true reason for the proposed enlarge
ment of the Supreme Comt is really
Evening star., 1937-02-15

THE opinions OF the 1Driters this their not
necessarily Stars Such opinions presented in
The Stars effort to all sides of questions of interest to its
readers although opinions contradictory
themselves and directly opposed to The Stars.
Evening star., 1937-02-15

Vichinsky, the public prosecutor, is
working long hours to prepare his
case.
There are persistent reports that
Marshal Tukatchevsky, the chief Of
staff Of the Red Army, will be
"among those present"
Tukatchevsky is former cavalry
officer in Czarist guard regiment.
Taken prisoner in 1915, he made
five attempts to get away from the
German camp; he succeeded the
Evening star., 1937-02-15

figures January production rs cent
January and Chryslers about IS cent
No
guess will time
organize industry five
point slightly that unless he is
stopped some unpredctabe
that he will Pittsburgh and
Evening star., 1937-02-15

among informed observers now
outlines the prospects about like
this:
Five cases are involved in the
decision, and the main question
is whether the five defendants are
in interstate commerce. 1t Is the
same old constitutional question
behind all the current court agi-
tation. and highly important in
connection with Mr.. RooSeveltS
nrnnOSed court renrpaniZatiOn
Evening star., 1937-02-15
Big Tractor Production

A single plant in Russia turned out
4l,225 tractors in 1925. considerably
more than were produced in the whole
of the United States.
Evening star., 1937-02-15
MISSISSIPPPS FLOOD
CREST FLATTENS OUT
Waters Movement Reported
slowed-Lower Valley Dwellers
Get Renewed Assurances.

By the Associated Press.
NEW ORLEANS, February 15.-The
Mississippi Rivers flood crest was
reported 'flattening out" today as it
rolled closer to Vicksburg in its jour-
ney to the Gulf of Mexico.
The "f1attening" process, Meteorolo-
gist J. T. Lindley said, would slow the
movement of the crest, but would not
Evening star., 1937-02-15
This Changing World
Soviet Planning Third Big Show in April, but Cast of
Characters Is Not Yet Complete.
BY CONSTANTINE BROWN


Is that the
third dramatic showhe trial of prominent possibly
women accused Of high
= the enemies of
list defendants public
VIII
Evening star., 1937-02-15

IIVIIItS OF al KINuS ana utScTIp-
tons in France, has Just organ
lied an air patrol which is on duty
"A hours a day. Police officers
and army officers of the counter
espionage bureau are flying in
those planes and are watching
everything from the air. In these
days. when espionage is rampant
in every country in the world,
there are many spies who land in
Ia .nonrnAN.-,n
Evening star., 1937-02-15
News Behind the News
Anti-New Deal Decision Expected on Most Inn
portant Phases of Wagner Labor Act Gases.
BY PAUL MALLON.

ANY impartial lawyer who heard the Wagner labor arguments
against
important involved They
President Roosevelt had already stacked the
with six might IS
but fair consensus
Evening star., 1937-02-15
BY DOROTHY THOMPSON.

ssTROM reading the papers Of
- the last few days, I have
almost begun to feel that
fear motivates most Of our
thought" said Mrs. Roosevelt in a
recent column.
That statement is true. Are there
not reasons for fear?
There are brutal relationships In
Evening star., 1937-02-15

nOtnmR during LNe week endlng
February 6. Previously it had
been little to brag about, but the
floods had held up Ford, and the
glass shortage hurt Chrysler, pre-
venting these competitors from
gobbling up the General Motors
deficiency. Both Ford and Chrys-
Ter got over their flood and glass
difficulties the first week in Feb
ruary and began stepping up pro-
I,tnttan
Evening star., 1937-02-15

Swedish in U. S.
There are sos 900 Swedish-born
persons living in the United States.
Evening star., 1937-02-15
JudiciaryHeld
Serving Big
Business
Courts Prevent Dealing
With Forces of
Nature.
BY JAY FRANKLIN.

MANY people President
Roosevelt's bombshell mes
sage regarding the judiciary
= seemed lilo rao1itinnl AAA1i....
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1937-02-05
N WOMAN DIES.
AT SONS HOME FEB.2

Wash, James Ferguson Of Los
Angeles. Calf, Lewis Ferguson Of
Fresno, Calf, and Ben Ferguson
Of Homestead, Alberta, Canada.
Her grandsons are Lyle and John
McDonah Of Colbert, Washington.
There are twelve other grand
children and ten great-grand-
children.
Mrs. Ferguson was a loving and
indulgent mother and a Kind
neighbor and will be greatly miss
ed by her family and a host of
friends.
The funeral will be held at the
Hardin Methodist church this Fri
day afternoon at two O'Clock, the
pastor, Rev. w. Roy Bennett, con-
Quoting the services.
The p~allbearers, all old-time
friends and neighbors, are Arthur
Randall, John Torske, Logan I.
Kingston, Weldon Clark, Ed Can
dee and William A. TRULY. Inter
ment will be in the family plot IN
the Hardin cemetery.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1937-02-05
FORMER HARDIN BOY GIVEN
PROMOTION AT BILLINGS

The Midland National bank of
Billings on Wednesday announced
the immediate operation of its
new installment loan department
under which loans ranging from
$50 to $500 may be made at 5
per cent discount, payable in IL
equal monthly installments. The
interest charge amounts to ap-
proximately 9.67 per cent. Leslie
j. Fischbach, youngest son of Mr..
and Mrs. John P. Fischbach of
Hardin, who grew up in this city
and vas graduated from the Har-
din high school with the class of
1923, and who has held a position
in the Midland National Bank the
mast IL years is in charge of the
new department. His host of
friends extend congratulations to
him or his advancement.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1937-02-05
HIGH CUNT
TRIMS RED LODGE FIVE
Locals Defeat the Carbon County
Hi School Five, Last Mite
BY 1921 Score.

The Hardin high school basket
ball team defeated the Carbon
County high school quint of Red
Lodge on the Hardin high school
gym floor, last night, by a score
of 38 to 81. Hardin started of
with a bang and at the quarter
period was leading the visitors z
to O.. At half-time the score was
is to 6 in favor of the locals and
at the three-quarters post, Har-
din led % to 10. The lineup:
Hardin-38 Red L0dge-2l
Landon, + (13) Nyack, { 90
Graf, T (10) Dimick, + ca
Pretty Weasel, c (10) Allen, c (8y
Bailey, g o. Plunkett, g az
Cook az -. - MCGUIRE, {. ~
Substitutes: Hardin@esser, for
ward; Marsh, forward; Smith,
guard; Clement, guard. Red Lodge,
Dimick, forward; Gebo, %, for
ward; Nutting, guard.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1937-02-05
LODGE GRASS DEFEATS
HARDIN HIGH 80 TO 81

At Lodge Grass, Wednesday ev-
ening, the Hardin high school
basketball team lost its first
game in many weeks, when it
was forced to bow to the fast quint
Of the reservation town by a score
of 80 to 81. On December II,
Hardin defeated this team by a
score of 80 to IS on the Hardin
floor, so that now each team has
won a game from the other. In
the game Wednesday night, the
Lodge Grass lads got off to a
flying start of l6 to 4 in the first
quarter and at the half Hardin
had cut this lead to 20 to IS, and
while the county seat team press
ed the Indians the remainder Of
the game, they we're unable to
head them. The lineup:
Lodge Grass-39 Hardin-31
F. Backbone, t (9) Landon, f(3)
w. Backbone, + (2) Graft 81
Abel, CID P. Weasel, f (l3
Byrd, G (15) Bailey, e CO..
Matthews, g (0) Cook, g (6)
Substitutes: Lodge Grass-Hol-
ley, forward ~; Stewart, center.
Hardin-March, forward, ~. Of
ficials-Hodges and Powell. Bill
ings.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1937-02-05
NEIGHBORS OF WOODCRAFT
INSTALL OFFICERS JAN. q

The Neighbors of Woodcraft met
Wednesday,, Jan. q, and installed
their newly elected officers, name
ly:
Guardian Neighbor, Rose Wick
ers; past guardian neighbor, Amel-
la Koebbe: advisor, Lois Barrows;
magician, Ina Terpening; clerk,
Rushann Schneider; manager, Lu-
cile Schoer; captain of guard, La
vaune Larsen; flag bearer, Clarice
Koebbe; musician, Pearl Snyder;
press correspondent. Martha Sla-
ter, Mesdames Wilma Kalberg
and Hattie Larsen were in charge
of the installation ceremonies,
After an evening spent inform
ally. a delicious lunch was served
by Mesdames Rose Vickers and
Ina Terpening.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1937-02-05
FOUR BALLS N COUNTY
BRING A GOODLY sum
Proceeds of Presidents Dances In
Big Horn County Go Well
Over S4O0 Mark.

J. A. Koebbe, chairman of the
general arrangements committee
for the four presidential balls Civ
en- In Big Horn county-two at
Hardin, one at Lodge Grass and
the other at st. Xavier, reports
that the proceeds are all in except
from Lodge Grass. The total re-
ceipts from the sale of dance
tickets was $278. OF this amount
1928 vas from the two dances in
Hardin, $40 from tickets sold at
Grow Agency and $21 from the
sale of tickets for the st. Xavier
dance.
The total expenses for music,
hall rent, printing and decorating
was $70.05, which was covered by
donations as follows: Ed Riebeth,
IS; ladies' lunch, $36.05; check
room, $11. so; Mission Inn, $3.50;
Safeway Store, So; Ellis jacobson.
81; Henry Pitch, 81; Clara Nc
earthly, 81; John Torske, 81; to-
tai, $70.05. These donations tax
ing care of all the expense, the
amount received from the sale of
dance tickets, $278, is all clear,
and has been divided 70% to the
Billings Orthopedic hospital.
$194.60,. and 3O% to the y
Springs Foundation, 1854
recipients OF these done I
use the money r. s
against the dreaS
ysis.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1937-02-05
LITTLE SHIRLEY JEAN
TELLER DIED SUNDAY

Shirley Jean, two-year-old
daughter Of Mr.. and Mrs. Nick
Teller. died at the Hardin General
hospital Sunday morning, follow
ing a two weeks illness Of pneu-
monia.
Funeral services were held at
the Bulls Crilly funeral parlors
Tuesday afternoon at two O'Clock,
Rev. Father C.. L. Owens, pastor
of st. Joseph's church, officiating.
The D~allbearers were Bernard and
Leonard KOerber, John and Harry
Teller, all being uncles of the lit
tie one. Interment was in the
Hardin Catholic cemetery.
Shirley Jean was born In Hardin
January IA, 1885. Her parents
reside on the old McComb farm,
20 miles northwest Of Hardin.
They have one other child, Robert
Nick, aged ten months. Besides the
parents and infant brother, Shir-
ley Jean is survived by her par
ternal and maternal grandparents,
MI. and Mrs. r. l.. Koerber and
MI. and Mrs. Mike Teller, and
several uncles and aunts.
The bereaved relatives have the
sympathy of the community in
their affliction.