davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1937-10-12

how it happened. They are equally
puzzled over the nature of sex itself
and what is responsible for the differ
entiation which seems to permeate the
whole pattern of the individual organism
The paramecium. like other protozoa,
reproduces itself by splitting in two
When a sinSle animal is isolated the
race will go on in this way interminably
When Heterogeneous mass of para
mecia are placed together, however
there is pronounced tendency for two
individuals to unite and remain together
essentially as one animal for some hours
before splitting into fours. The two
partners to such a union are anatomic-
ally indistinguishable but, DR.. Some
born's observations show, there is some
subtle difference destined to become sex
in higher forms.
Thus. he found, the descendants of
single isolated paramecium never united
Obviously, since both of a pair would
be exact duplicates of the parent animal,
there could be no natural differentiation
of any sort between them. Nor could
there be any differentiation for as many
generations as one wanted to continue
the observations. Members of a pair
which joined together before splitting,
it was determined. were always derived
from family strain which had two
ancestors originally or were the direct
descendants of two different individuals.
Once mating takes place, however, the
splits" are distributed in varying pro-
portions between both sexes.
Male" and female" disappear in DR..
Sonneborn's report, just published in
the Journal of the National Academy,
into the mathematical terminology of
Sex 1" and Sex H." There is differ
ence which cannot be defined. 1t re-
suits in an intangible but irresistible
attraction between two microscopic in
dividuals, which in turn results in ex-
changes of genes, perhaps the ultimate
units of life, so that the offspring of
both may inherit some of the char
acteristics of both. Thus an individual
of Sex after the mating may split into
individuals of Sex II and vice versa
In sense it is the beginning both of
love and death in the world, for after
such mating both partners cease to
exist as the same individuals.
Before A simply became "a. Now the
two halves of the split are something
different from the original animal as
it existed before the mating.
This sex, DR.. Sonneborn determines,
exists In the nuclei of the cell.
Evening star., 1937-10-12
STARS, MEN AND ATOMS
Notebook of Science Progress in Field,
Laboratory and Study.
BY THOMAS r. HENRY,

Discovery of what may be the starting
pointer something very close to it-of
love and death in the world has just
been announced to the National Acad-
emy of Sciences here.
A mysterious differentiation into two
groups-destined in higher forms of
life to become male and female-exists
among certain families of microscopic,
single-celled animals, it is reported in
the National Academy's Journal by DR..
T. M. Sonneborn of Johns Hopkins Uni
versity in Baltimore.
The animals are paramecia. They be-
long to the great group of the protozoa,
of which they are among the largest.
They are relatively easy to observe and
hence are used in most biological labora-
tories for studies of unicellular animal
life. The body of the paramecium con-
sists of single cell made up of nucleus
surrounded by transparent, semi-fluid
cytoplasm The bodies of all higher
animals, including man. are made up
of billions of just such single cells, each
potentially an individual animal living
in a rigidly ruled corporate state"
The paramecium is quite close to the
bottom of the tree of animal life, as
it is known today. But it apparently
has made, or is in the process of making,
an enormous step toward higher forms,
Dr. Sonneborn's findings show.
Usually a single-celled animal at
fairly regular intervals, nutrition, tenn
perature, ETC.. being kept constant,
splits in two. Each half is new animal.
The halves grow to full size and in
turn split in twos. The process goes
TL,,c iul, ho coJd
single protozoan is immortal.
It never dies in the sense that man
or rat dies. 1t just splits in two and
goes on living.
But there can never be any progress
or variation. The halves of a proto-
Zoan are exact duplicates of each other,
and grow to exact duplicates of the
original animal Thus it goes on for
ever. Without any variation there can
beat least according to the Darwinian
hypothesis-no evolution.
Higher forms of life have sacrificed
individual Immortality for the sake of
this variation which has made possible
the progress upward from paramecium
to man. This has been accomplished
through the medium Of "sex" in which
two individuals-more and more sharply
differentiated anatomically the higher
they are in the scale of life-are essen
tial for the continuation of the race.
Under this arrangement the individuals
die after their allotted life spans, but
the race goes on, changes in its char
acteristics, and is able to adapt itself
through the medium of variation to
changes in its environment Each on
spring inherits some of the character
tstics of each parent. The result is an
infinite variety of individuals.
The coming of sex differentiation was
perhaps the most significant event in
the history of life, but biologists never
have been able to determine when and
Evening star., 1937-10-12
DemOcratizing Art.

Art comes from the people and ought
to return to them. Such was the phi
losophy of Andrew w. Mellon. It moved
him to the gift Of his magnificent COL
lection of old masters to his country.
The intent Of his philanthropy was to
democratize the cultural and esthetic
values which his treasures possess. He
simply was not satisfied to have his
pictures remain in private hands, how
ever worthy they might be. 1t was his
purpose to exhibit them for public
appreciation.
Similarly, The Star today launches
an effort in art education which it sin
cerely hopes may be well and favorably
received by its readers. It makes avail
able to every home in Washington and
nearby Maryland and Virginia . selected
Evening star., 1937-10-12
THIS AND THAT
Second Street Northeast.
BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL.

Second Street Northeast.
Dear Sir: Having just read This
and That in The Star newspaper, I write
to tell you that your thoughts have
helped me in my struggle to appreciate
(understand) music by symphony or
chestra.
After reading Damrosch's MY
Musical Life Lees ON Listening to
Music, Mason's Orchestral Instru-
ments,' Sousa's Marching Along,
Whiteman's Jazz and biography of
Victor Herbert I am still unable to
appreciate or feel rightly toward SYM
phonic music.
Il have lived in Washington twenty
seven years and have visited very often
the concerts of the Marine Band and
occasionally the other service bands. I
am not equipped with musical discern
ment to apprehend the sequence of
melodies or themes.
THE only feeling I experience in try
ing to listen to purely symphonic num-
bers offered on these programs is be-
wilderment chills, skittishness.
my feeling regarding these musical
inventions is that the composers are
irrational; they seem to me to be RAM
bling far beyond the bounds of all
other human experience and bringing
back unspeakable things, which it is not
lawful for man to utter.
IF there are, indeed, melodies, tunes,
in these symphonic works, they should
be SO played by some instrument appro-
pirate thereto, so that the tune would
be perceivable to the human ear
Your citing the fox-trot tune and
t,ly llat lyr
the symphonies is not fair; 1t is as if
there weren't in the range between
those wide extremes wealth of musical
achievement which much larger num-
Der OF folk are able to enjoy truly with
out pretending or straining to get the
main musical ideas.
Song patterns that are so complex
are beyond the power of more than a
small percentage of the people to appre-
hend.
Il disclaim that there is a real melody
in the average symphonic work. With
out consulting dictionary, my own
idea is that melody and a symphony
are diametrically opposite. and that the
composers are not necessarily aiming
at melody or harmony or rhythm. Very
respectfully, j. S. G."
II
Our correspondent would do better to
read little book which costs a dollar.
1t is Great Symphonies" by Sigmund
Spaeth.
Prof Spaeth has attempted to SIM
plify the symphonies. Some have felt
that he has rather overdone the idea,
but careful perusal will show that he
accomplished what he set out to do.
He gives the main themes. or melodies.
OF many symphonies so that any one
who can pick out tune on the piano
can rap them out for himself.
This is, of course, simplification to
the famous nth" degree, but it is ex-
cusable if it does no more than to
convince the great average listener that
symphonies do have tunes.
Yes, they do-the reason many lis
teners think they do not is because they
simply do not catch" them.
Music is movement. That is one way
of putting it. Music is many things. but
one thing 1t is, surely is movement.
Music, in any of its rhythms accept
able to the Occidental ear-after all.
1t is merely matter of habit-moves
right along; that is the sense of motion
comes from the flow of the music.
We want to move our hands. or feet.
or even get up and dance. The old
Evening star., 1937-10-12
Why Is Snow White?
And Other Queries

The answers to these as we'll as a
great many other questions are con-
tanned in an attractive 4S-page booklet
EVERYDAY SCIENCE. The stories Of
the sciences told in this book do not
attempt to cover the field fully, but they
do point out the high lights They
should interest all who wish to UNDER
stand the ordinary happenings Of every
day life. Every boy and girl and the
grownups will find the booklet most in
teresting. Order your copy now. Inclose
10 cents to cover cost and handling.
Evening star., 1937-10-12

round dances, the sort Of thing you still
hear from the hill-billies, almost compel
physical movement.
Now the reason many persons fail to
"catch" the symphony tunes, melodies,
themes. songs, call 'em what one will, is
that they pass so quickly along over the
underlying basis of great tone of all
the instruments.
1t Is not here question Of some one
instrument playing a tune" for us
listeners, but rather matter of melo-
dies creeping in and out, playing hide
and seek with each other on the great
floor of tonal quality.
We have not only tune, or melody,
but great basic quantities, as we'll as
qualities, of harmony, as we'll as rhythm.
We have not only these, in the great
symphonies, but SO much other musical
matter that we cannot "get" it all, unless
we have heard the work many times, or
are gifted that way.
Some persons are, ,of course. The
child Mozart knew more about music
at the age of years than most humans
would ever possess were they to live a
thousand lives.
These song patterns, with some ex-
ceptions, are not SO complex we cannot
appreciate them.
Let us cite the second movement from
one Of the great Beethoven's finest
works, the Second Symphony"
1t is not played often, but may be
heard by any one who can get hold of the
recordings.
This second movement is simply a
slow hymn tune, which has been slightly
modified and accepted as one of the
hymns of the Church of England.
Several sets Of words have been put
to it, notably by Keble and Isaac Watts.
Thousands of persons have sung this
sweet melody over the years without
having the slightest idea that they were
singing melody from a symphony!
Perhaps it is just as well, for there are
many persons who really get stampeded
at the very idea of symphony music,
mostly, one may feel, because they have
not listened for the melodies, as they
occur; they have expected to be dunn
founded and to find nothing they can
understand" and SO get what they ex-
pect-puzzlement, amaZement, disap-
pointment.
<AiA liiC IiiliC biiCy lldNc DttH lASleIl4llS
to real tunes. which they would love,
but have missed them in the whole
tonal structure before them
They might better close their eyes and
imagine they are watching a motion
picture screen, ON which the music is
shown" Then they would catch the
little melodies slipping gayly along,
with majestic movements like battalions
vending their way to death.
1t is just another case, perhaps, of
failing to see the woods because of the
trees
The melodies are there; it is up to
the listener to find them.
Some of the books are helpful, others
are not. The Sigmund Spaeth volume,
while elementary, is very good because it
does little else except talk about these
symphonic melodies
May we state that no brass band. how
ever good, or orchestra made by its
musicians, can produce quite the same
effect as great symphony orchestra
built up for the sole purpose of playing
the works of the great masters.
When listening to these, either in con-
cert hall or via phonograph or radio,
the necessary thing is to catch those
melodies as they fly.
Prof. Spaeths primer will help.
Evening star., 1937-10-12

Fears that civilization is failing are
expressed. Such fears were freely enter
tanned when the Tower of Babel was
erected and speech was overwhelmed by
dialects. The original idea was to make
1T means of general improvement, but
more power asserted itself than could
be intelligently managed. Civilization
did not fail but the conditions under
which 1t was to operate called for some
new figures in order to get back to basic
principles.
Evening star., 1937-10-12

After saving her aviator husbands
life by an appeal to Spanish authority,
Edith Rogers Dahl now announces that
she will be able to get employment in
motion pictures for herself. A personal
biography would appear to be about all
the scenario required.
Evening star., 1937-10-12

Spots of war in Europe, in Asia and
in Africa are about all the warning
this Western Hemisphere needs to
manage its intellectual, physical and
moral resources in a strictly practical
manner.
Evening star., 1937-10-12

A slight difference in terminology
may be heard with concern. The U. S. A.
would appreciate the privilege of end
ing war in this world but must first
study the situation and avoid creating
confusion by speaking out of turn.
Evening star., 1937-10-12

The idea of sending fighting forces to
Asia is earnestly deplored by Mr.. Henry
Cabot Lodge, who recalls that what he
lesents is equally obnoxious to many
citizens. Yet the avoidance of an evil
requires a direct maintenance of a
unanimous opinion not always congenial
to an atmosphere of small politics.
Evening star., 1937-10-12

tioyA Philadelphia, Chicago Boston and
many other cities have had their local
"Tammanies." La Guardia's admins
tration in New York has been far cleaner
and more honest. The election will be
a test of public sentiment-even though
Mahoney may have all the virtues of
Mayor La Guardia and some more. He
beaxs tha stamp Of tho machine.
Evening star., 1937-10-12
Statistics and Statesmanship.

From the Helena (Mont) Independent.
Government employees who make up
huge tables of statistics are really doing
the statesmen an injustice. If 1t were
not for the official figures each states
man would make up his own statistics
as he goes along.
Evening star., 1937-10-12

1t remains for Japan to challenge this
nations sincere effort to maintain peace
as definite action OF hostility.
Evening star., 1937-10-12
Dirt in the Air.

Prom the Kalamazoo Gazette.
Tons of dirt circulate In the air In our
big cities-but only the scandal mongers
listen to It.
Evening star., 1937-10-12

Mathematics and Morals.
My personal purpose was honest. vow,
When figuring debts and taxation,
Yet often question comes up as to how
My course will avoid condemnation.
From nabobs who pay for a retinue
grand
To poets who dwell in their attics,
We drift toward the somewhat in
tangible line
Where morals become mathematics.
We run down column of figures with
care,
The answers continue to differ;
We balance the cash 'gainst the bills
that declare
That prices are still growing sitter.
And yet we are threatened with fines
or with jail
The prospect is truly pathetic
If we, though we'll meaning enough,
chance to fail
In these various tasks arithmetic.
Evening star., 1937-10-12
Cuessers.

OUeSScrSe
From the Indianapolis News.
Politics is getting into such a general
state Of confusion that it must be ex-
tremely trying on the nerves OF those
statesmen who make . speciality Of
always guessing right.
Evening star., 1937-10-12

Un-Modern.
Would you marry for wealth."
NO" replied Miss Cayenne, Il still
have a little old-fashioned sentiment
that resents regarding matrimony
merely as a get-rich- quick scheme"
I'VE become weary OF the friend who
irritates u.s." said Hi Ho, the sage Of
Chinatown, "and trust ourselves to .
stranger who betrays us"
Evening star., 1937-10-12
Changing Geography.

From the Battle Creek Enquirer-News.
And another school year opens with
geography classes having to appoint
committees to keep the maps up to date.
Evening star., 1937-10-12
Complimentary Custom.

What though erratic be my way,
And at my record folk may chaff,
OF me know they'll speak some day
With kindness in my epitaph.
Evening star., 1937-10-12
Arms and the Man,

Arms and the Man.
We often ask who's right or wrong
In taking a position.
Another question sounds more strong:
who has the ammunition"
IAN envious man." said Uncle Eben,
"neglects his own affairs and spends ID
hours day studyin' de business OF some
one else"
Evening star., 1937-10-12
Terms.

Terms.
"You have been sent to the Senate
many times"
Il have" answered Senator Sorghum.
And I am proud of the fact 1t is
always an honor to serve a term In the
Senate when so many are threatened
with a term in the penitentiary."
Jud Tunkins says an inferiority COM
plex is what makes man lay down
the winning hand in a poker game.
Evening star., 1937-10-12
Shooting Stars.
Mathematics and Morals.

BY PHILANDER JOHNSON.
Evening star., 1937-10-12
ANSWERS TO
QUESTIONS
BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN.

A reader can get the dnswer to anu
question OF fact by ,oriting The Euentng
Star Information Bureau, Frederic J.
Hosktn, Director, Washington, D. c.
Please inclose stamp for reply.
Evening star., 1937-10-12

conservative voters against him because
of the backing which has been given
the Mayor.
Since La Guardia has supported Presi-
dent Roosevelt and his New Deal pol
icies, his reelection could scarcely be
characterized as blow at the Roosevelt
administration. Even so La Guardia has
the Republican nomination and the Re-
publicans will claim some credit if he is
reelected. The Democratic leaders in
New York, those who are heart and
soul with Roosevelt, have taken the
measure of Tammany, which has been
in the main hostile to Roosevelt in the
past. 1t would be asking great deal
for the Roosevelt administration in
Washington to give even moral support
to the candidacy of La Guardia under
all the circumstances.
Xxx X X
Usually, with only Fusion candi-
date in the field against Democratic
nominee for Mayor, 1t would not be
difficult to predict the outcome Of the
New York mayoralty election. The
situation today, however, makes the
coming election very much of a puzzle.
La Guardia won in three-cornered
race when he was elected four years
ago. He had two Democratic opponents,
one backed by Tammany, the regular
Democratic nominee, and one backed by
Jim" Farley, chairman of the Demo-
cratic National Committee. They di-
vided the Democratic vote and La
Guardia was elected by plurality but
not majority.
II La Guardia wins, 1t will be tri-
umph for the forces which are seeking
to stamp out machine rule in that great
city, as well as In others. Municipal
government OF the great cities in this
country has not bean Q thing Of admira-
Evening star., 1937-10-12
WASHINGTON, D. C.
TUESDAY October IL, 1887

The Evening Star Newspaper Company
Main once: l1th st. and Pennsylvania Ave.
New York ONCE: ITO East 42nd st.
Chicago ONCE: 435 North Michisan Ave.
The Washington times., 1937-03-04

'Chauffeuring her was her nice
husband, and for company they
had Duke" their cocker span
iel, whose coat exactly matches
the car.
The former Governor Of In.
diana, Paul V. McNutt, who has
been made United States High
Commissioner to the Philippine
Islands, will be joined on Sun,
day by Mrs. McNutt and their
subdeb daughter, Louise. They
will be at the Mayflower dur
ing their stay in Washington
and a number of small informa.
parties already have beer
planned for this very charming
lady.
The Washington times., 1937-03-04

Among the hosts were the Secre-
tary of State and his charming
wife, Mrs. Cordell Hull. She was
wearing a delightful frock Of
starched black net with gilt
tering gold thread running through
it and a very bouffant skirt. The
Secretary of the Treasury and Mrs.
Henry A. Morgenthau we're there.
1t was blond Mrs. Harry H.
Woodring's debut" last night as
she has a baby, three weeks old
yesterday, Cooper Coolidge Wood
ring. Mrs. Woodring, who was ac-
companied by her husband, the
Secretary of War. might have been
a debutante, she made such a
lovely picture. Her gown was of
white net with a band of turquoise
velvet about the bottom of the
skirt and the neckline. In her
beautiful hair she wore a cluster of
brilliant turqoise feathers.
Others among the "hosts" were
the Secretary of the Interior, Mr.
Harold Ickes; the Secretary of
Commerce and Mrs. Daniel C..
Roper, she in a violet lame frock;
the Secretary of Labor, Nine. Per
kins, who wore chic black crepe
dinner gown, and the Secretary of
Agriculture and Mrs. Henry A.
Wallace. She wore a white satin
frock.
James ROOseveltS Guests
The guests included Mr.. and
Mrs. James Roosevelt, jr., Rear
Admiral and Mrs. Cary T. Gray
son, Mr.. and Mrs. Frank C. Wal
ker, Mrs. Louis Nc. Henry Howe,
Mr.. and Mrs. Marvin H. Nc
Intyre, Mr.. and Mrs. Stephen
The Washington times., 1937-03-04
Congressional
Club Meets

The Women's Congressional
Club will have Mrs. Sallie V. H.
Pickett as guest speaker at the
usual weekly meeting tomorrow
afternoon. Her subject will be
People Met in Passing"
A tea will follow the lecture,
and pouring at the table will be
Mrs. Samuel w. Beakes, Mrs. Fred
Bierman, Mrs. Richard ]. WEIGH
and Mrs. Dudley A. White.
Those who will assist are Mrs,
Robert Earle, Miss Reba Dough
ton, Mrs. Frank Kloeb, Mrs. AL
bert E. Carter, Mrs. Milton A.
Romjue and Mrs. Dow w. Harter.
X Il
Mrs. Fred w. Clarke, Jr., and
Miss Catherine Thummel have ar
rived from Omaha, Neb., for a
visit of several days and will be
at Wardman Park Hotel.
The Washington times., 1937-03-04
NuptiaIs at Church

Mrs. Sara Elizabeth Rountree,
daughter of Mrs. Clyde B. Roun-
tree, of this city and Atlanta, Ca,
and Mr.. Homer C. Thomason, son
of Mr.. and Mrs. John D. Thorn
ason, of Cairo, Ca, were married
Wednesday evening, February "a,
at the National Baptist Memorial
Church, DR.. Cove G. johnson Of
ficiating.
Attending the bride were Mrs.
Claude M. Reeves and Mrs. Will
liam H. Roberts, sisters of the
bride, and Miss Mary Lou Hayes,
Of Atlanta, Ga: Miss Ruth Gary
and Miss Mildred Berman, of this
city.
Mr.. Val Hogue was best man,
and the ushers were Mr.. William
M. Rountree, brother of the bride;
Mr.. c. Ermon Thomason, Mr..
Francis Perkins and Mrs. Earle
Day.
Following the ceremony a recep-
ton was given for the bridal
party at Wardman Park Hotel.
The young couple will make
their home in Washington.
The Washington times., 1937-03-04
.erriomsHosts
At Dinner

Mr.. and Mrs. Lee Cutler, of San
Francisco, who are spending some
time in Washington, were the
guests of honor for whom Mr.. and
Mrs. Carroll B. Merriam enter
tanned at a dinner at the Shore
ham last night. Mr.. Cutler is
president of the forthcoming ex-
position in San Francisco.
Other guests were Senator and
Mrs. George L. Radcliffe, the Gov
ernor of the Federal Reserve
Board and Mrs. Mariner S. &c.
cles, the chairman of the Recon
struction Finance Corporation and
Mrs. Jesse Jones, Mr.. and Mrs.
Frederick Taber and former Gov
ernor and Mrs. Charles B. Hen.
derSon.
FREE. 200 opening game guest tick
cts for Federal Employees. Watch fol
the Lucky Baseball Rings Monday In
! The WashiRgtOn Times.