davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Montana labor news., 1937-06-17
The Supreme Courts Decision
UNFOLDING Picketing

In its opinion upholding the constitutional
validity of the Wisconsin Labor Code, which
authorizes giving publicity in labor disputes,
declares peaceful picketing and patrolling
lawful, and denies to judges the right to grant
iniunctions against these activities, the Su-
preme Court of the United States gave judi
cial sanction to a method long practiced by
American trade unions.
The case was brought to the Supreme
Court by Paul Sem, who operates a small
tile-laying concern in Milwaukee.
The Milwaukee Tile Layers Union has a
rule providing that no individual or corpora
ton covered by a union agreement shall work
with tile laying tools or act as helper, but that
the installation of all materials shall be done
by members of the union.
The union undertook to induce Sem to
become a union contractor. He said he would
do so if this rule was omitted from the con-
tract. The union said it was impossible to
eliminate the rule, which was held essential
to the unions interests in maintaining wage
standards and spreading work among union
members.
Sem refused to accept the union agreement
with the Objectionable rule included, The
UIuOll LilGI6uPO1 plChCbCQ LID p1dIC VI bHo
ness. Pickets carried a banner with inscrip-
lions charging that Sem was unfair to the
Tile Layers Union and urging people to 'let
the union tile layer install your tile work.
The Supreme Court of Wisconsin upheld
the validity of the sections of the Labor Code
challenged by Sem, who appealed the deci-
sion to the United States Supreme Court on
the ground that the Wisconsin law took away
his liberty and property and deprived him of
the equal protection of the laws guaranteed
by the Fourteenth Amendment to the Fed
eral Constitution. Specifically he c%ontended
that the right to work in his business with
his own hands is a right guaranteed by the
Fourteenth Amendment and that the State of
Wisconsin cannot by law authorize union to
employ publicity and picketing to induce him
to refrain from exercising that right.
On these points, Justice Brandeis, who
wrote the opinion of the Court, said:
"ClearIy the means aDhich the statute au-
thorizes-picketing and p~ubIicity-are not
prohibited BIZ the Fourteenth Amendment.
Members of a union might, lOithout special
statutory authorization by a State, make
knoaon the facts Of a labor dispute, for free
dom of speech is guaranteed by the Federal
Constitution. The State mag, IN the exercise
of its police po1Der, regulate the methods and
means OF publicity as weIl as the use Of pub
lie streets.
"If the end sought by the unions is not for
hidden By the Federal Constitution the State
mag authorize working men to seek to attain
it By combining as pickets, gust as 1t permits
capitalists and employers to combine IN other
auays to attain their desired economic ends"
After reciting that the Wisconsin law stipu-
lates that picketing must be peaceful and
without intimidation or coercion" that Gus
toners must not be intimidated, and forbids
the secondary boycott" the opinion de-
clared:
"InherentIy, the means authorized are
clearly unobjectionable. In declaring such
Montana labor news., 1937-06-17
Money for P~rospectOrs

Montana, one of the richest mineral states
in the Union, should follow in the footsteps
of our neighbor-the State of Oregon passed
a bill appropriating $780, O0.0 90 for the crea-
ton of State Mining Bureau and to grub
stake %prospectors!
Evening star., 1937-06-11
''CrOwing Public Menace -

Everybody except the responsible
Congress has recognized the growing
public menace" alluded to by Associate
Justice Groner of the United States
Court of Appeals which results from
the absence of proper regulations re-
quiring the assumption of financial re-
sponsibility by operators of taxicabs in
the District of Columbia.
In 1929 the Public Utilities Commission
promulgated a regulation requiring a
showing of financial responsibility as a
condition precedent to obtaining public
hackers license. That regulation was
thrown out by the courts, however, with
in year, the courts taking the view
that such regulation could be author
lied only by specific legislation of Con-
gress. Since that time the Public Utili-
ties Commission has sought the legisla-
tion every year. A bill has been passed
by the Senate at least once, but blocked
in the House on the general contention
that as taxicab drivers are not economic
royalists they have the right to main,
cripple or kill their passengers without
any financial responsibility to their VIC
tins.
Under existing law the chief benef1ci-
aries OF this lack Of regulation are not
Evening star., 1937-06-11

liam Kittle for this position, the Com
missioners have chosen woman whose
past experience and standing in the
community readily attest the wisdom of
their choice.
Since coming to Washington about
seven years ago Mrs. Kittle has identi-
fled herself prominently with the in
terests of the community and has served
as president of the District of Columbia
Voteless League of Women Voters. She
is also vice president of the Council of
Social Agencies and chairman of the Set
tlement Council of the District. AS resi-
dent of Madison, Wis, she served as an
elected member of the Board of Educa-
ton, and represented the public on nu-
merous occasions before the Wisconsin
State Industrial Commission. She
served in other capacities in proceed
ings before that commission, and was for
five years president of the Wisconsin
Consumers League.
1Iooe VIII hllo" MIS-. hlIlle are SIdIl-
fed over an appointment that will bring
to the new Minimum Wage Board
wealth of experience and a tempera-
ment peculiarly well fitted for the semi
judicial nature of much of the boards
work, especially in those proceedings
where the representative of the public
may hold the balance Of power in ques-
tions at odds between employer and
employe
Evening star., 1937-06-11

the taxi drivers themselves, however, but
the owners. The driver of cab against
whom judgment is obtained must
satisfy the judgment or lose his operat-
ing permit. But the owner, especially
II ne hides behind maze of corporate
and individual associations" such as
mentioned by Justice Groner and which
even the courts cannot untangle, escapes
all responsibility.
There Is no justification under the
sun for condition which permits the
operation of public carriers on the
streets without the assumption of finan-
clal responsibility, and Congress should
correct that condition now.
Evening star., 1937-06-11
THIS AND THAT
BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL,

A leaf sent for identification is that of
the old-fashioned bittersweet, or woody
nightshade, whose scientific name is
Solanum dulcamara.
This must not be confused with the So
called wax-work, or bitterSweet, Celastrus
scandens, now so popular as climber.
This latter has orange berries in Autumn,
whereas the nightshade has red berries.
Solanum dulcamara belongs to one of
the most famous and interesting OF plant
bership such things as the potato, the
tomato, and the egg -plant-and the
famous deadly nightshade.
The deadly nightshade bears jet-black
berries. Warning should be given against
attempts to eat any of these berries
whatever their color, although scientific
research in recent years tends to show
them not as deadly as once feared.
The bittersWeet of old times (Solanum
dulcamara) is climbing perennial with
flowers about one-half inch broad, purple
with yellow center, in clusters. Some OF
the leaves have two ears at the base.
The species derives its name from
dulcls, sweet, and amaras, bitter, re-
terrlng to the taste Of the juice
The genus name comes from Solamen
meaning solace, or consolation It has
no direct reference to our old bittersWeet
vine, for the word refers to the narcotic
properties of some of the other members
of the family, notably the belladonna.
The prettiest thing about our climber
is the dropping cyme, as it is called, of
red berries, which attract many birds
and which are eaten by them with
impunity.
| soft and green, but which grows woody
with the advancing season, has an ex-
| ceptionally soft pretty leaf
1t is heart-shaped, with some of the
larger ones bearing two leaflets, or ears
| which jut out Just below the bottom
| round of the heart.
These ears are pretty good identifca-
| tion for Solanum dulcamara.
1t will be noted that the second, OF
| species, name, is really backward, read
| ing sWeetbitter, rather than bittersWeet
An older form in use centuries age
gave Latin word which wast better
formed to denote "bittersweet."
Today We have bittersWeet chocolate
| and other edibles so-called when the de-
| sire is to denote bitter taste along with
! sweet taste.
Indeed, this very idea, as given in the
| Latin, Of solid mixture of bitter and
| sweet, both tasted at once, is a very OLD
| idea with humanity
1t has a philosophical conotation, as OF
| life, itself, in which much Of bitter must
| come with some of sweetness.
The more one surveys life, the more
one is likely to be grateful for such a
| word as bittersWeet. and to keep it ir
mind, especially when things do not run
| as one desires.
Life is bittersWeet. Our living is but q
| preparation for other things: If we keer
| in mind that into each life some rair
must fall, as Longfellow told us, If We
remember that along with the sweet mus,
come some bitter, we will have a better
chance to keep our mentality sane, and
| let us hope, sweet.
The vines, as class, have beer
Evening star., 1937-06-11

neglected In modern gardening. Perhaps
this comes about because they are rather
messy at times, and their necessary prun-
ing is likely to be difficult.
They are d-feshioned, ore in the
average imagination with old-fashioned
houses, the dormer window houses, with
cupulos, and wide verandahs, of the
famous gay '90s.
Still another factor against the use Of
vines is the modern home, which is likely
to be more trim than old-time residences
While this country has seen no modern
architecture, so-called, such as may be
found in parts of Berlin, the tendency
today is toward certain Journalism,
which demands more severe treatment in
| foundation planting.
Hence If vines are found at all around
the modern home, they are likely to be
| such things as English Ivy, with few
rose vines.
The Celastrus Scandens, mentioned
| previously, is a tremendous grower, which
in five or six years will go completely to
| the top of a locust so or go feet tall.
This height is attained with a very
| dense growth, SO that in the time given
| the trunk is almost completely hidden
| by the vine, which spreads itself out from
to 6 feet, SO that the effect is of a tree
with trunk that much in diameter
The woody nightshade is no such
| climber as this, but prefers to twine
among barberries, and in hedgerows of all
| types, where its red berries make pleas
| ing note.
This nightshade (Solanum dulcamara)
| Is good climber which deserves to be
kept in mind by modern home gardeners
more than it is, for it is not rampant,
and will not take the place" as so many
| OF the wilder vines do.
Clematis paniculata is another nice
little vine which will not grow too ram
| PANTY, SO making it good for garages,
| porches and other places where too much
| vine and leaf are not wanted
The old idea of huge great vine to
cover an entire porch, and a large one,
too, has more or less gone out, with
the partial disappearance of porches
from the American scene.
The idea OF the moment is for vines
of medium growth For one thing, old
| sprawly vines which cut of too much
sun are no longer regarded as fitting
in with the modern ideals of sanitation.
| For another thing, the undoubted in
crease Of all sorts of plant insects and
| fungi within the past 20 years, or even
less, has made many persons who other
wise like big vines see that they are
likely to be a hiding place for plant
| enemies.
The present-day vogue for sunshine
has many applications.
1t is coming to be seen that If we
want to get rid of many plant pests, we
must have as much sanitation as pos
| sible.
Sunshine, one of our best killers of
germ life. will do as much for us. let
us hope, in regard to pests which aflct
plants.
Old messy vines are likely to harbor
bugs and crawling things galore. Per-
haps it is just as we'll If we stick to vines
OF lesser growth, to give the yard some
OF the soft shadows it demands, but not
| too much.
The old bittersweet is an ideal vine
! for this purpose.
Evening star., 1937-06-11
Americans and Spain.

DR.. Fernando de los Rios, Spanish
Ambassador to the United States before
sailing this week to attend Valencia
meeting of his government Ambassa-
doris and Ministers accredited to for
eign capitals, expressed the view that
public opinion in this country favors
the Loyalist cause There is much to
justify DR.. de los Rios in so reporting,
though naturally it is difficult to sup
ply chapter and verse evidence
Officially, the Washington Govern
ment, speaking for the Nation at large,
maintains an attitude of complete neu-
trality, but there can be no doubt that
wide sections of the American people,
especially during the latter stage of the
nearly one-y -year-old conflict, have come
to sympathize with the aims and trials
of the duly constituted Spanish gov
ernment. There has been progressive
realization that it is conducting a gal
liant fight to save the republic and pre-
serve democratic institutions against
ideals of fascism and military dictator
ship for which the insurgents under
General Franco are stubbornly battling.
The pro-Loyalist sentiments of many of
our people do not, it goes without say
ing, denote any semblance of identifca-
ton with Communist or other radical
theology supposed to permeate the
Loyalist group.
Undoubtedly the aspect of the situa-
ton, which has contributed more than
any other single factor to create pro-
government feeling here, is the fact that
the campaign long since ceased to be
merely Spanish affair and became a con-
test in which the Spanish government
virtually found itself in state of I'M
declared war waged against it by Italy
and Germany
The Fascist relationships did not con-
ceal their active adhesion to the insur-
gent cause. Early in the fray they rec
ognized the independence of the Burgos
government and appointed Ambassadors
to it, Eventually, tens of thousands of
Italian and German troops-notably
1tallans-were fighting in insurgent
ranks as volunteers" Without their
help, it is notorious that Francois for
tunes would long ago have collapsed.
American sympathies for the Loyalists
were aroused afresh by the recent savage
bombing of Guernica by German air.
craft. When Nazi warships ruthlessly
shelled and destroyed Almeria, resent
ment of Italo-German intervention was
intensified. Those events strengthened
the suspicion that Mussolini and Hitler
are fishing in troubled waters and seek
to exploit the Spanish national calamity
for selfish purposes
There can be no question, of course,
OF opinion in the United States ever
reaching a point where there would be
any public sentiment for aiding the
Loyalists in a military sense or in the
form OF financial or economic sinews.
Hands off Spain" must and will con-
tinue to be Uncle Sans watchword
But that does not, and cannot, prevent
llberty-loving people here, as elsewhere,
from holding prayerful thoughts for
those Spaniards who, against tremendous
odds, are bleeding themselves white in
one OF historys epic struggles for the
rights of free men as against the things
that Fascist and Nazi represent.
Evening star., 1937-06-11

The erratic moon is, according to
astronomers, four seconds out of its
way. In this connection may be recalled
the long-ago yarn of candidate taking
civil service examination who was asked
its distance from the earth. "I do not
know the precise number of miles" he
wrote, but it is plenty far enough away
SO that it will not interfere with my
keeping my mind on this job if I get it,"
He got it.
Evening star., 1937-06-11

With four OF the greatest nations
Britain, Germany, France and Italy
patrolllng her coasts, Spain has not been
SO much in the international limelight
since the Duke of Wellington and Bona
parties outstanding marshals were using
her as an arena more than a century
ago. The naughty child always gets no.
ticed.
Evening star., 1937-06-11
A Rhyme at Twilight
By
Gertrude Brooke Hamilton.
Then Comes the Even

I like to study your calm face
After day in town.
And find within quiet space
Respite in eyes of brown;
Eyes that have never failed me yet
In triumph or defeat;
Eyes that are loveliest when wet,
And always warm and sweet.
I like to ease my tired brain
BY looking at your hair,
And tracing, sweetheart, once again
The lights and shadows there.
The contour of your brow and cheek,
The cool tilt of your chin,
Give me the quietude I seek;
The tortitude to win,
Evening star., 1937-06-11

Speaking of iron lungs" one needs
pair II compelled TO drive for few blocks
behind Washington bus. Just what
1t is that is combusted in those contrap-
tlons is mystery, but it smells like a
combination of the very cheapest gas,
rubber in solution and dash of
aSafetida.
Evening star., 1937-06-11

Britain's rearmament policy, it Is
stated on high Italian economic au-
thority, is hurting Italy industrially. OF
course, If poor laundering John Bull
realized that he would call the whole
thing off.
Evening star., 1937-06-11
A Good Appointment.

There is logic in the selection of
woman to represent the public on the
Minimum Wage Board, for the busi-
ness of the board principally concerns
the conditions of work and the wages
OF women. And in selecting Mrs. VIII
Evening star., 1937-06-11

OF all the innocent sounding crimes
spiracy' seems about the mildest. What
title for the creator of the late Sher-
lock Holmes!
Evening star., 1937-06-11

1t is wonderful how movie queen can
play British duchess, a cockney, a
grande dame Of Dublin, a Vermont
school ma'am, or a Georgia ante -bellum
belle, all with the same reverberating
Iowa accent.
Evening star., 1937-06-11

Science has had to wait 1900 years
Tor solar eclipse as long as the one
just observed in the South Pacific. It's
devotees may feel as Herbert Hoover
does about fishing: Too long between
bites
Evening star., 1937-06-11
Invisible Sales Tax.

Invisible Sales Tax.
The credit system is refined,
And yet the borrowers inclined
Confused to be, at times, to see
The bill collectors heavy fee,
Which he must pay from day to day
To keep the sheriff's man at bay.
Still more It's pocketbook it cramps
To pay for checks and postage stamps
Which must, with honesty and skill,
At last be figured in the bill.
Existence easier would be,
If it were run plain C. o. d.
Some folks can't believe all dey
say" said Uncle Eben, cause dey don't
understand it deirselves."
Evening star., 1937-06-11
Rate by Mail-Payable in Advance.
Maryland and Virginia.
All Other States and Canada
Member of the Associated Press.

=, The Associated Press is exclusively entitled TO
the use for republication of all news dispatches
created to it or not otherwise credited in this
paper and also the local news published herein.
All rights OF publication of special dispatches
herein are also reserved
Evening star., 1937-06-11

-Four U. S. S. R. scientists are settled
at the North Pole. Well, they have a
good day for it-one six months long,
Evening star., 1937-06-11
ImprOYinQ.

From the Knoxville Journal
Washington reports say that relief
labor Is one-third efncient. Must be
allowing soma Improvement
Evening star., 1937-06-11
The Bachelors Share.

From the Fort Wayne News-Sentnel.
Women control TO per cent of the
wealth of the country. That leaves 80
per cent Of the Nations wealth owned
hY bachelors. 4
Evening star., 1937-06-11
Descriptive.

Descriptive.
Don't you think that motion picture
lady with the prominent smile is
dainty?"
"Not dainty" precisely answered Miss
Cayenne, "but certainly toothsome."
Evening star., 1937-06-11
Shooting Stars.
BY PHILANDER JOHNSON
Conservatism.

Conservatism.
A wise man sought to WOO a lass.
He talked to her of history;
Told how some things had come to pass
Which had been wrapped in mystery.
He showed her what mistakes and crimes
Had tempted nations, furious,
To needless strife in ancient times.
She smiled and said, How curious!"
To his great mind he sought to prove
That nothing was irscrutable
He told her how the planets moved
BY schedules quite immutable.
He showed the consolidated sky.
Where pictures astronomical
In mighty pageantry passed by
She simply said, How conical!"
He told her then her starlike eyes
Might tempt him to hostilities,
Like those of old, were she the prize
This and such civilities
Which swains have used since days
long past,
With purpose most ostensible,
He offered her. Quote she, cat last
l find you talking sensible"
Evening star., 1937-06-11
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each weef, Orders may be sent by mail or tele
phone Natioral 5000.
Evening star., 1937-06-11
AvOirdupOis and Finance.

Sixteen ounces make pound,
And yet in sadness we proclaim
We don't know as each day comes round
How many dollars do the same.
Evening star., 1937-06-11

Teaching children" said Hi Ho, the
sage of Chinatown, "is not one-sided
benefit. If you can encourage them to
speak without fear, you may learn much
that will surprise you.'
Evening star., 1937-06-11
Rate by Carrier-City and Suburban.
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Evening star., 1937-06-11
An Exaggerated Comparison.


what makes you think that man is
necessarily a great statesman" asked
Senator Sorghum.
Because he is a clever lawyer"
my dear sir, to assume that clever
lawyer is necessarily great statesman
is the same as taking it for granted
that numismatician is f1nancier"
Jud Tunkins says he hates to admit
being superstitious but what history he
has read doesn't show that the word
communism" has ever been lucky for
anybody.
Evening star., 1937-06-11
The Evening Star Newspaper Company.

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New York Office: ! 10 East 42nd st.
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Evening star., 1937-06-11
ANSWERS TO
QUESTIONS
BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN.

reader can get the dnsmer to any
question OF fact BY wrtting The Eueninp
Star Information Bureau Frederic J.
Hcsk1n, Director, Washington. D. C.
Please incloSe stamp for reply.