davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1937-05-20
MAGISTRATES LEVY
Estimate to pay same for six
months period ......... $4,000

months period .......... $4,000
ORPHANS COURT
VERNE R. Smouse, Register of
wills ................... $339.45
Estimate to pay Judges for 6
months period ...... 215.O4
Total. .................. $554.49
OLD AGE RELIEF
Estimate to pay Old Age Re-
lief requirements for period
of six months ........... 100000
PUBLIC SCHOOLS
For support of the public
schools for period of six
months PAL, IoS.Jc
For salary of Agriculture
teachers O4O'O9
Payment on Loeb Lynn
Heights school building. $4,000
Total. $43, lU9.62
PHYSICIAN TO JAIL
Estimate to pay physician to
Jail for period of months $4,000
REPAIRS TO COURT HOUSE AND
COUNTY JAIL
Estimate to pay same for six
months period ........$1, 100000
PRINTING AND PUBLISHING
For printing and publishing
for period of six months. . 81 100000
REASSESSMENT LEVY
Estimate to pay expenses of
reassessment of real and
personal property .......$9,00
SUPERVISOR OF ASSESSMENTS
Estimate to pay salary of Su-
pervisor of Assessments
for six months period. .. $450.00
Estimate to pay expense of
Supervisor for six months
period 10000
Total. ................ $4,000
STATES ATTORNEYS OFFICE
Neil C. Fraley, States Attor-
ney, salary and expenses
for six months period. 60. 100000
SHERIFF'S LEVY
Estimate to pay same for six
months period ...........$2, $4,000
For new equipment. ...... 10000
Total. ................ SO, 10000
TAXES PAID IN ERROR
Estimate to pay same for the
year 1897 ............... $224.52
VITAL STATISTICS
Estimate to pay for vital sta
ti5tics for 6 months period $4,000
WITNESSES BEFORE JUSTICES
OF THE PEACE
EStinna to fn now Ixyitnoccae bo
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1937-05-20
SATURDAY, JUNE 5, 1897,

when the following will be offered:
Dressers, large and small; Beds,
double and single; mattresses and
springs; Stands, Bedroom Rockers,
Chiffonier, Sideboard, Dining Table,
Chairs, Refrigerator, Kitchen Tables,
Linoleum, Mating, Porch Rockers,
Tables, Screens, Gas Heaters, some
Dishes and other articles too numerous
to mention.
TERMS OF SALE-Cash on day of
sale.
MAY L. KING, Administrative.
advertisement 1927,
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1937-05-20
WATER LIE

WATER LEVY
Estimate to pay for water
for six months period. =. $175.OO
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1937-05-20

DEBT SERVICE
To pay Lateral Road Bonds
and interest, 6 months
period ..................S4,OO0.OO
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1937-05-20

WITNESSES BEFORE JUSTICES
OF THE PEACE
Estimate to pay witnesses be-
fore Justices of the Peace. $4,000
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1937-05-20

FOREST FIRE ACCOUNT
Estimate to pay forest fire
account for six months
period .................. $3.50.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1937-05-20

ELECTRIC LIGHTS
Estimate to pay same for six
months period .......... $25O.OC
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1937-05-20

CHILDREN'S AID SOCIETY
Estimate to pay same for six
months period 1900
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1937-05-20

FIRE DEPARTMENTS
Friendsville Fire Department
for six months period. -. $4,000
Grantsville Fire Department
for six months period. -. $4,000
Kitzmiller Fire Department
for six months period. -. 10000
Oakland Fire Department for
six months period. ...... 10000
Total. ..................$1, 100000
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1937-05-20

ORPHANS COURT
VERNE R. Smouse, Register of
wills ................... $339.45
Estimate to pay Judges for 6
months period ........ 215.O4
Total. Observation-Disclosures. $554.49
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1937-05-20

CONTINGENT LEVY
Estimates for discounts, in
solvencies, ETC.. .S15,186.75
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1937-05-20

CIRCUIT COURT JUDGES
To pay increase in salaries re-
quired by an act of the Leg
islature for the period of
months minimum. $175.OO
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1937-05-20

VITAL STATISTICS
Estimate to pay for vital sta
tiStics for 6 months period $4,000
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1937-05-20

To pay the aforegoing amounts it
was ascertained that the resources of
the county as shown by the Assess
ments Books are as follows:
Real and Tangible Personal
Property, $17,774, 400, at
$1!O0 on each $4,000
equals .............$177,744.60
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1937-05-20

COURT STENOGRAPHER
To pay salary of Court STEM
ographer for six months
period .................. $4,000
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1937-05-20

CLERK TO CIRCUIT COURT
Estimate to pay Clerk of Cir
cult Court .S1,C98.65
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1937-05-20

COURT HOUSE SUPPLIES
Estimate to pay same for six
months period 100000
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1937-05-20

CIRCUIT COURT FUND
Estimate to pay same for 6
months period ..........$1, 100000
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1937-05-20

OLD AGE RELIEF
Estimate to pay Old Age Re-
lief requirements for period
of six months 100000
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1937-05-20

TAXES PAID IN ERROR
Estimate to pay same for the
year 1887 .............. $224.52
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1937-05-20

OFFICE SUPPLIES
Corlies Macy Company, blank
books and supplies for the
various offices ........ $312.16
Evening star., 1937-02-14

original appropriation was only $780,
900 instead of the $4,000, 600 revolving
fund proposed when the l0-year time
limit was set.
In reporting to Congress the accom-
plishments since May, 1885, Mr.. Ihlder
stated that all land required for re-
development in 10 squares has been
acquired that all alley dwellings in
the 13 alleys of those 10 squares have
been demolished and that construction
Of low-cost housing projects or other
improvements have been completed
In 6 Of the 10 squares.
The director summarized the present
financial status of the Alley Dwelling
Authority in this way: "Our total
capital amounts to $690,194. We have
on hand in fixed property and other
assets, $327,000 and cash available,
alocated, but not yet under contract
of 1926, 900. making q total Of $685.
000." The overhead cost of the Au-
thority is about $35. 900 a year, which
is more than made up by profits from
the new dwellings or sale and lease
of land and structures under its super
vision.
When you demolish slum structures
you must make provision for housing
Evening star., 1937-02-14
CORONER GIVES PROFESSIONAL TINGE TO HOMICIDE HEARING
Accused Person Has Privilege of Offering Defense, but
This Formally Is Not Required After Official
Testimony Has nlrmined Facts.

appropriate. Across the room, on an
other wall shelf, is an electric fan
shrouded in sheeting. Completing the
picture are a commercial calendar, .
blackboard, an iron stove like the one
in the hall, four rows of chairs and
the "bench"-a broad desk and three
chairs on a raised platform.
Juror No. is an apple checked man
Of about 40. No. 2 is tall. handsome,
30-ish and very neatly attired.
Three, about so, wears horn-rimmed
spectacles and is bald. Four Is the
youngest and blondest. Five. black
haired and mustached, chews gum
with studied vigor. His arms are folded
across his chest. No. 6 Is conserva.
lively dressed young colored man.
The coroner takes his seat, leaning
back In his chair. His black hair is
slicked back and parted neatly. He
has Hitler mustache. AT his sade
sits one of his deputies.
The coroner reads rapidly the "in-
cidental," the foremost facts In the
case.
"Dr. JONES'" he calls.
"Dr. JONES'" an assistant repeats
through the door.
A young physician in street clothes
walks in and takes . seat IN the Wit
ness chair. Reporters poise their pen
cils. There are more here than usual.
Sometimes there are none; often only
one.
The doctor raises his right hand,
says II do" to the oath recited by the
coroner.
whats your full name, doctor?"
inquiries the coroner In 3 respectful
tone. The doctor gives it.
Attached to Sibley Hospital?"
"YeS."
"In regard to the events Of January
an-dA voi1 kraak
Evening star., 1937-02-14

istic of New York City, is still more
crowded than that metropolis in its
slum sections. In Pittsburgh the slum
f1ourishes in the family house, row on
row of poverty and wretchedness. The
row house is also the outer manifesto
ton of the slum in Philadelphia and
Baltimore. In the city of Washington
the characteristic slum is the inhab-
tied alley.
Because it is so artfully hidden from
public view and from sight, of those
who pass and repaSs our beautifully
handicapped boulevards and fine ave-
nues, it is the more repellant. When you
swing in from an avenue that is lined
by magnificent modern hotels and dip
down into an alley not 500 yards from
the liveried doorman under the hotels
marquee, to come up against the black,
gaping windows of narrow, ramshackle
buildings, leaning tipsily against one
another for support, and spewing chill
dren bundled in rags into the mud
Evening star., 1937-02-14
By Lucy Salamanca.

6 ~ II, BUT we don't have real
slums in Washington"
Fifty times or more in as
~ many cozy drawing rooms
you must have heard that SNUG asser-
ton, as have heard it. If you wish
to retain, unperturbed, the comfort
able illusion, do not read what have
to tell you. For have just returned
from more than six hours of driving
through the slums of Washington, up
one alley and down the next, climb
ing boxed-in stairways that swayed
under the tread, STOPPING to enter
habitations as dark and airless as a
rats burrow and more filthy; blinking
to catch ray Of light at midday in
buildings so appallingly devoid of ev-
cry requisite for decent living that the
worst punishment I can conceive for
owners who have the effrontery to
exact $10.50 month for human oc-
cupancy is to sentence them to a
months tenancy of their own prem
1ses.
II they survived. it would be to order
windows cut in the solid walls, bath
rooms moved indoors and plaster to
cover the exposed Stats of lathing
blackened with the grease and smoke
of years Of cooking and attempting
to heat battered interiors, open to the
elements through countless cracks, ILL
set door and window frames. broken
floors and vacant window panes
stuffed with rags.
If they survived, it would be with
the realization that. regardless of eco
nomic status. a human being is some
thing that lives and moves and feels
and suffers, quite as much as he is
something that sickens and dies.
The situation cannot be exaggerated.
When you come to bed rock and drop
several notches below that in the scale
Of human living conditions, you have
run the gamut of adjectives. Garbage
angle deep in areaways. Dark holes
2 feet square ventilated with one slit
Of a window stuffed with rags; two or
three Of these make an apartment"
that serves as home for motley as
semblages Of relatives. Streets"
.choked with salvaged junk, and
stripped Of every vestige of woodwork.
from poles and fences to window and
door frames Of untenanted houses, to
keep the unhappy humans within
doors from freezing or to serve as fuel
for cooking in their three-legged bowl
stoves. These are facts that do not
lend themselves to exaggeration. Look
In some day, If you can stand it, on
Logan's Court, or pass through Ding
mans place-and pick your own ad-
3ectiyes.
THE slum of every city is character
istic. Washington's sluns are not
confined to any one section Of the
Capital. They exist in all four quar-
ters Of its boundaries, herded in its
"west end" strung all through its
southwest and southeast sections, and
honeycombing its northeastern reaches
like diseased fingers spread through
Q sound and healthy area.
The outer manifestations of these
blighted communities are different in
every city. Boston, infested with the
tenement that y likewise character.
Evening star., 1937-02-14
Emotion Displayed by Persons Interested in Tragedy
as Inquest Proceeds to Final Decision by Jury,
After Evidence Has Been Given.

length Of the room to an iron stove
circled by cigarette butts. The floor
linoleum is worn, scratched by hum
dreds Of feet.
A T THE door to the hearing room
stands a cadaverous individual
whose appearance actually suggests
his connection with the dead. He pays
no attention to woman seated In the
front row Of hard chairs, sobbing and
wailing noisily.
The inquest is to be an important
one. and more people have come IN,
until the small front room is nearly
crowded. Seated on steps leading to
the second floor an untidy man, in
baggy suit and dirty shirt unadorned
by tie, Is twisting his hat IN his
hands. His white hair is mussed, and
his cheeks are prickly with gray
whiskers. His eyes are like those OF
some one who has Just awakened from
q Rip Van Wihkle sleep and Is trying
to find the toothbrush.
Newspaper photographers are tax
ing pictures Of the sobbing woman
in the hearing room. One has posed
his camera on the counsel table"
waiting for her to take the handker-
chief from her eyes. Their coruscat-
ing bulbs fash with little bursts OF
white light. In surprised alarm, the
woman stops her crying but does not
raise her head from the black fur OF
her coat collar.
II don't want my picture taken" she
sobbed.
I'm sorry" says photographer,
who isn't sorry at all.
All snatch the hot bulbs from fash
light barrels, reload. aim, snap again.
whip plates from cameras and stun
them in their coat pocke1.
Evening star., 1937-02-14

House Appropriations Committee, in
the first regular appropriation bill Of
this session of Congress. gave permis-
sion for the Alley Dwelling Authority
to reuse its receipts for sales and rents,
amounting to sl61,000. This is little
enough. but it is something. Since the
Alley Dwelling Authority has paid its
own way in the two years it has been
in operation, has estimated receipts
from leases amounting to s25,000 and
Evening star., 1937-02-14

Copeland Of New York has always
been greatly interested in it. Mem
bers Of the authority were appointed
by President Roosevelt in October,
1894. Since it Is an independent Fed
eral agency operating in the District
Of Columbia, the President appointed
the president Of the Board Of Com
missioners Of the District of Columbia,
the executive officer Of the National
Capital Park and Planning Commis-
sion and the director Of housing Of
the p. w. A. as its three members.
These three Offices are held by Mel
vim c. Hazen, Arno B. Cammerer and
Howard A. Gray. They, in turn, ap-
pointed John Ihlder as executive di.
rector and James Ring as administra-
tive assistant.
Mr.. Ihlder has been associated with
housing projects in one form or an
other since 1910, having started his
experience with the National Hous-
ing Associa ton in New York as field
secretary. He visited every State in
the Union with the exception of Okla
homa-which quite inadvertently he
missed-organizing housing commit
tees and inspecting housing conditions
from one end Of the United States to
the other. At one time or another
since he has served as executive in
connection with housing associations
in Pittsburgh, Philadelphia and Bos-
ton. He has been q resident Of Wash
tvSr tor 4 q hir kvnuyla1nA
Of slum conditions in the Capital Is
the result Of close study and observa-
ton on home grounds.
Mr.. Ihlder knows a great deal about
slums and slum conditions, be 1t said.
and in all his experience he has put
humanitarian aspects first, giving
financial considerations their proper
second place. Yet he Is no senti.
mentetist. Not even momentarily Is
he deluded by the dire necessity for
assistance such families require into
believing their plight is every ones
fault but their own. He recognizes
all those factors that have gone into
creating the slum and the slum area.
But that Is not his problem. His
practical eyes see only an area that
Is O menace to public health. He
sees human beings living under condi-
tions unit for the maintenance Of
human life and conducive to social
wretchedneS. And with the dis.
passionate interest with which .
physician treats Q disease without IN
quiring into its origin, he gives his
attention and his interest to eradfca.
ton Of the undesirable condition.
This, then, Is the gentleman. I
sought out, who, in answer to my own
naively expressed opinion that there
aren't any slums in Washington"
said simply. "Well. I'll show you:
that's the best way" It was, without
question, the most convincing way.
I can say this after an inspection tour
that. beginning at IL noon, remained
uncompleted by 5. Cluttered alleys,
rotting stairways, dank and dirty hail.
ways, darkness and confusion-confu-
sion Of personalities, Of smells and
sights and sounds. Crowded hu-
manity. Stale, disordered rooms.
Dispirited faces. Dead eyes. Thin.
sinking dogs. Glowering dark coun-
tenances in resentful groups. Untidy
Continued on sixth Pags.)
Evening star., 1937-02-14

the elected tenants at rents within
the very low strata Of their incomes.
although rent must be higher for good
houses than for novels, necessarily.
When you can accomplish the OBJ
jective of cleaning up the unsightly
and health-menacing areas and hous-
ing the slum element of humanity in
modest, clean, airy, sanitary, COM
Portable and attractive houses, and
accomplish all this on . self-sustain-
ing basis we say that We have no ex-
cuse as q city to tolerate slums. This
the Alley Dwelling Authority has sue
ceeded in doing in certain sections,
and will continue to do until appall-
ing conditions In the capital Of the
United States are completely era
dicated, or funds are exhausted.
CENATOR CAPPER OF Kansas spon-
sored the bill responsible for the
creation Of the Slum Reclamation Au-
thority in the District and Senator
Evening star., 1937-02-14
of Living
Neghborng
Vandal, fostering Exist.

Within the shadow of the Capitol dome work is
under way to transform the "hiddeen sums and alley
dwellings of Washington into modern heathful home
These depict the eyesores and their re.
construction. C Mccullough street and Dingman place
in the North Capitol and New Jersey area, be-
and reveals these typical alley shacks
Sixth and Seventh and and streets (s A back yard
in the slums of Bland's No. between and w
and Fourth and Fifth (4 New apartment
dwelling being built in BANDS No. l. (5) In many
parts of Washington, work like this is under to
replace unsishtly shacks with modern homes.
Star Staff Photos
Evening star., 1937-02-14

The doctor gives . brief description
Of his connection with the case-the
patients condition on arrival, etc. The
sobs of the prisoner, the woman in the
front row Of seats, grow louder. The
patient the doctor is talking about was
her daughter, fatally injured in a do
mestic accident which. police said,
caused by the mother.
THAT'S all, DOCTOR" says the cor
oner, nodding to the witness.
Has the jury any questions" None
are offered. The witness steps down.
goes to . seat in the rear Of the room.
The manner in which his testimony
was given conjured no image OF the
tense incident to which he was party
the ambulance screaming out Of the
hospital, screaming back again; that
young girl being lifted on . stretcher
into the emergency room, her hair all
burned away, her skin SO black you
couldn't tell whether she was white
or colored, both ears gone, her whole
body grisly; the doctors thinking.
"she's q gcner," even g they worked
to prevent what they were sure would
happen.
The next witness is q policeman.
He puts his cap on the desk and
crosses his legs. Emotionless, he de-
scribes in clipped syllables how he
was called to the home where the
trouble occurred and what he found.
You got no description Of the sur
roandings. but guessed. from q look at
the prisoner, that 1t was poor home.
some small apartment in q. neigh
borhood where dirt-streaked urchins
play on the sidewalks: where Windows
(Contanued On Sixth PSge.)
Evening star., 1937-02-14

from sales and unexpended balance
of $136, 900, we may look for its con-
tinued operation, although the director
warned Congress that the work Of
eliminating alley slums and replacing
them with low-cost housing projects
or other improvements, will probably
not be completed by July /, 1914. as
the original act intended. MIR. Ihlder
explained that the Authority had been
hampered at the start because the
Evening star., 1937-02-14
By William A. Bell, T.
ORONER'S inquests are lik.

)OHONERS . lnQueSCS are ike
4 plays that continue too long
after their climaxes. They
- are the warmed-over hash
of tragedy, repetitious and boring.
As a rule. every one knows 80 rer
cent of the facts, and surprises are
infrequent. Like court trials in many
respects, inquests nevertheless lack the
shocking drama. of the criminal trial,
to which they are sometimes ante
cedent.
However Indifferent may be the pro-
cedure, inquests are necessary pre-
lirninaries in the investigation of
unnatural" deaths-homicide, man
slaughter. automobile accident fatan-
ties. Cases get to the inquest stage
and no farther, or they 60 to q grand
jury or to Police Court.
Have you ever been to an inquest
here? Your taxi jounces over the
cobblestones Of lower Water street
to the entrance Of q two-story frame
building, gray painted and resembling
nothing so much as a rural church.
There is an abbreviated steeple, with
colored windows Of q pale mustard
hue. This IS the District of Columbia
Morgue. You don't cross q sidewalk
to 60 in the door-just step to the
street stones.
Inside is railing, with gate, and
several men are leaning against it.
joshing each other and exchanging
small talk. Two Of the men are po-
licemen, their uniforms covered by
greatcoats. This front room is mar
row and bare of furniture except for
q fiat-topped, oaken desk on which
are some police ''incidentals," IN ink.
well and . post once" pen. A tin
pipe overhead stretches half the
Evening star., 1937-02-14

and garbage before their front" doors,
you are as revolted as you would be
to discover a fostering sore under a
lace or velvet wrist ruff1e.
Crime breeds in alleys. This is axio-
matte. And for the same reason that
you find colorless worms under wet
stones If crime offers alluring posi-
bilities of escape from such utter
wretchedness, little wonder, say I, that
the inhabitants look to career of
crime to release them from the dark
and damp and filth and benighted
obscurity of their surroundings.
TO OUR credit be it said that in
L Washington we are doing some
thing about it. While the project of
slum reclamation Is young and its
funds are extremely limited, it has
wasted no time in buckling down
vigorously to the business it was Great
ed to do. With $500, 900, and an addi-
tional ALLEGATION Of 5000, 900, the Slum
Reclamation Authority of the District
of Columbia, under the executive di-
rection of John Ihlder, has accom-
plished little short of miracles in the
period since its creation, under an act
of Congress. Not two weeks ago, the
Evening star., 1937-02-14

A Morgue official with black mos
tache tramps downstairs and into the
hearing room.
-. Ask all witnesses in the death
Of -- to retire to the next room."
he says In o loud and rapid voice.
There Is some movement Of exit.
Evening star., 1937-02-14

THE coroner's jury Of six men files
in and takes seats in chairs on an
elevation against the south wall. From
his perch, on q wall shelf stuffed
eagle with soiled white breast feathers
glares over the heads Of the jurymen.
and you think raven would b more
Evening star., 1937-02-14

. II, BUT we don't have real
slums In Washington"
Fifty times or more in as
nanv cnzv drawing rOOrnS