davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1937-04-04
The Diplomatic Service.

Current shifts in the foreign service
afford fresh evidence of the admins
tration's devotion to the career principle
in the bestowal of diplomatic appoint
ments All five transfers so far an
nounced, including an Ambassador and
four Ministers, affect men with protract-
ed records of duty. No objection Will
be raised to the exception about to be
made in the case OF Mrs j. Borden
Hartman of Washington, Minister
designate to Norway. The Democratic
national committeeWoman for the Dis
trict of Columbia is deserving in all re-
spects of the distinction of being the
second American woman sent to dip
lomatic post, the precedent having been
set when the former Ruth Bryan Owen
blazed the distaff trail by becoming
Minister to Denmark in 1888. OF out
standing social and cultural back
ground, and experienced alike in public
service and practical politics. Mrs. Har-
riman is equipped in every way worthily
to represent the American people at the
friendly capital of OSLO
Facts recently submitted to the House
Appropriations Committee indicate that
Uncle Sam, unobtrusively but steadily,
is creating a professional foreign service
worthy to rank with those Of countries
which long have maintained che career
o;o1o Am.
bassadors and Ministers, twenty EIGHT
are now career appointees - men who
have grown up in the service from Its
humblest ranks Nine have attained
ambassadorial status; nineteen are Min
listers. Our Latin American ENJOYS are
almost exclusively career officials. To-
day only twenty-seven, or fewer than
half the total of heads of missions are
political appointees-menw who owe their
jobs in most cases merely 70 the tact
that they were deserving" partisans,
with sufficient influence to land plums
which have long rated as the choicest
pickings in the patronage orchard, no
matter which party happens to be in
power.
The peak percentage of career dip
lomatic officials is all the more notable
in light of the incessant pressure from
place-hunters with no claims but party
pull" or the fact that they contributed
campaign funds. 1t is because successive
Presidents and Secretaries of State have
realized the wisdom of manning foreign
posts with trained people that the
service now contains many who have
been in it from twenty-five to forty
years, and more. The dean is Julius G..
Lay, Minister to Uruguay, veteran OF
forty-two years of duty. Hoffman
Phillip Ambassador to Chile, and
Charles S. Wilson, Minister to Yugo-
slavia, have each served thirty-six years;
Ambassador Grew in Japan and Am
bassador johnson in China, thirty-three
and thirty years, respectively.
These men and score of others are
gratifying symbols that the United
States is dedicated to the principle Of
speaking abroad, at this highly critical
international juncture, through repre-
sentatives trained in the profession
charged with the supreme task Of pre-
serving world peace.
Evening star., 1937-04-04
Boom Control Plans.

AS a statement of policy regarding the
future activities of the Public Works
Administration, the Presidents refer
ences to continued purchases OF material
In the durable goods" industries is plain
enough There is no doubt that recov-
cry has lessened the need OF Govern
ment spending on permanent improve
ments, fostered through P. w. A., al
though P. W. A. should be retained, in
skeleton form, so that it may be brought
into the picture again as the need may
arise.
But as a statement of economic policy
In controlling budding boom, the Presl-
dents remarks invite confusion. Prices
in some of the durable goods industries
have been rising too fast. This Is due to
number of things. but 1t is to be doubted
Evening star., 1937-04-04

Arts of studied oratory are invariably
admired. The eloquence Of William
Jennings Bryan is still remembered,
though nobody inquiries what became of
Professor Scopes, who taught evolution,
or offers even casual inquiry as to what
happened to Coins Financial School"
Coin was an elfin figure supposed to give
the world instruction as to metallic values
in connection with currency. Memory
does not give him anything like the
respect shown a college professor in a
brain trust.
Evening star., 1937-04-04
Shooting Stars.
BY PH1LANDER JOHNSON.
As Time Passes.

As Time Passes.
I know that over yonder, jes' beyond
the cloud so gray.
A bird is sweetly singin of the April
an the May,
With the rainbow lightly playin' when
the silver showers drop
Keep a tickin', Mr.. Clock-an don't
you dare, to stop!
l know that over yonder, jes' beyond
the leafless tree,
A garden filled with blossoms tempts
the butterfly and bee,
With the perfume Of the moonfow +
breathin' out silent song
Keep a tickin', Mr.. Clock. The journeys
not 50 long.
Evening star., 1937-04-04

American history has proceeded step
by step from one presidential admins
tration to the next. President Roosevelt
denies any aspirations to another term.
The point need hardly become one Tor
national anxiety. 1t was pretty thor
oughly threshed out when U. S. Grant
was at the pinnacle Of prestige as q mill
tary hero.
Evening star., 1937-04-04

stress is on increased production IN order
to fill food deficiencies.
X X
Today's biggest problems are found
in fields over which the Supreme Court
exercises no veto power
Taxation, spending for purposes OF
relief and of income redistribution,
money control, foreign trade, all are
problems for the solution of which the
President and Congress hold unlimited
authority.
Yet President Roosevelt hesitates to
tackle those problems in search OF an
swers. Several of his important ad-
visers, highly confused at the moment,
now are holding out in the hope that an
end to the battle over the Supreme Court
will find the President ready to look for
answers to the questions they are rais-
ing.
(copyrisht. 1e37J
Evening star., 1937-04-04

The advance literature of the attack
on the present system of United States
Government got off to bad start with a
picture representing the Supreme Court
justices as riding hobby horses in a
side show. 1t carried no apparent sig
nificance beyond an effort, perhaps, to
offer a moment of kindly encourage
ment to w. P. A. art"
Evening star., 1937-04-04

Duels are no longer fought over po-
iitical auarrels. The tendency is to
abandon ideas of rugged individualism"
and seek some kind of emotional stimu-
lation that may lead to mass killing.
Evening star., 1937-04-04

modern science. There can be no excuse
for theory that the airplane was intro
duced into the eternal scheme Of things
for the purpose of testing out the rela-
tive merits Of fascism and communism.
Evening star., 1937-04-04

Applause awaits Amelia Earharts
public description Of her achievement.
When woman earns high position in
public attention, her place is on the
lecture platform.
Evening star., 1937-04-04
Publicity.

Publicity.
"A statesman must rely a great deal
on publicity" said the young man who
is learning politics.
"Yes,' replied Senator Sorghum, but
it must be carefully managed. His sue
cess may depend largely on getting what
he says into print and keeping what he
thinks out
Evening star., 1937-04-04

"War stocks are mentioned in profess
sional trading If the next war" is as
terrible as promised there will be no
stocks, for want of people to purchase
them.
Evening star., 1937-04-04
Smile and Sheer.

Smile and Sheer.
A smile is like blossom tossed
Upon the path of Spring;
A sneer is like the sudden frost
That leaves it whitening.
Evening star., 1937-04-04

Jud Tunkins says the affection OF
dog for a man is beautiful and it's
shame the way many a person fools
the dog.
Evening star., 1937-04-04
Land and Water.

Soon will the season come to term!
With all that heart could wish.
The ground is full O. f1shin' worms;
The rivers full o fish.
Evening star., 1937-04-04

When a man heaves sigh and says
he has done his best, he is usually try
ing to fool his conscience.
Evening star., 1937-04-04

"A man dat kin smile and act pleasant
all de time" said Uncle Eben, "ain't
necessarily good natured. But he's en-
titled to some applause fob bein' .
good actor" -. ... e.
Evening star., 1937-04-04
A Gloomy Forecaster.

A Gloomy Forecaster.
Don't you want to see the world a
place of complete peace and harmony"
mo" replied Mr.. Growcher. Just as
soon as you get the world peaceful and
harmonious, lot Of people will arise
eliminated"
Evening star., 1937-04-04
Censorship.

Censorship.
Our facts we cannot pick and choose
Nor hide them altogether.
We might suppress the weather news
1t wouldn't change the weather.
Evening star., 1937-04-04

Esht sht Final FINAL asa stara sunuas per month
Collection made at the end Of each month or
each week Orders may be sent by mail or tele-
phone National 5000
Evening star., 1937-04-04

The Evening Star Newspaper Company.
I1th St and Pennsylvania Ave.
New York ONCE ] 10 East 42nd St
Chicago once: 435 North Michigan ave-
Evening star., 1937-04-04

that grows from the unemployment
problem
At another point, Reserve Board
Chairman Eccles cautiously raises a
question about John L. Lewis and the
stirring in the ranks of labor. He would
like to know how wages can be raised
and hours of work shortened unless
those moves are based on labor's in
creased productivity There is an i'm
plication that some of the leading New
Dealers are wondering whether new
N. R. A. drive to spread work by short>
ening hours may not force industrial
prices still higher and lead to the sort
of collapse that came after the 1888
price rise.
Mr.. Roosevelt is not offering answers
If he has them-to the increasingly
insistent questioning of his advisers In
that labor field.
His attention and energies are devoted
in large measure to the single task OF
outmaneuvering the justices Of the Su-
preme Court, and in bringing about q
change in the attitude OF that branch
of the Government.
But what If Congress agrees to the
court changes that President Roosevelt
seeks?
Some of those who now are asking
questions say that there no longer would
be an excuse for delaying answers. They
find that nearly all questions now are
resolved by insisting that the Federal
Government lacks power to deal with
present day problems.
Yet, actually, revival Of N. r. A. and
confro1S WOULD ho oYroctad hv
the Presidents own advisers to have
little practical effect during the present
year at least. The reason is that wages
in industry have moved ahead of the
code minimums except In some few IN.
dustries, and A. A. A. controls are not
necessary In q year when the omcial
Evening star., 1937-03-27
us. SHIP REPORTED
SINKING OFF JAPAN
Nearest Vessel Is Expected
to Reach Distressed
Freighter Tonight.
BY the Associated Press.

SAN FRANCISCO, March a.
Carrying a crew Of about 40, the
American freighter Volunteer flashed
an S O S today as her pumps failed and
water gained in her hold The Brit
ish carrier Fresno City. 240 miles
away, steamed to her assistance at
IL knots.
The Volunteer reported she was $40
miles from Yokohama, Japan. It was
estimated the Fresno City would reach
the stricken craft about 8 pm, Pacific
standard time.
Ship Reported Listing.
Coast Guard headquarters in Seattle
heard the Volunteer was listing.
Word of the Volunteers plight was
received by Globe Wireless here in \
relayed message from the liner Presi-
dent Harrison The freighter said
water was "out Of control" in No.
hold and the pumps not functioning
properly.
The message also was picked up by
the Empress of Canada, sailing west
from Japan. The Canadian liner held
to her course after learning the Fresno
City was the nearest ship
Two Messages Received.
The first distress message from the
Volunteer was flashed at 1890 am.
At 2:05 am. Pacific standard time)
came another that the Volunteer had
hove too" and would await arrival
Of help.
Globe Wireless said the Volunteer
probably was damaged in a mile-a-
minute gale which swept the Pacific
Ocean two days ago
The Volunteer left New Orleans
February Z and cleared Honolulu
March Is for Kobe and Osaka. Owned
by the United States Shipping Board,
she is a ship Of 7,7l7 gross tons and
40 feet long. She was built at Ala
media, Calf, in 1918, by the Bethlehem
Shipbuilding Corp.
Evening star., 1937-03-27
Murphy Speeds Negotiations
For Pre.Easter Strike Peace
''Not a Great Deal" Separates Le,ois and
Chrysler, He Says, From accord
for Work Monday.

Chrysler, chairman Of the corporation,
and John l.. Lewis, bushy-browed labor
leader, withheld comment on prospects
for an early settlement
Gov. Murphy. appearing as mediator
in the motor car industry's second
major strike, greeted the conferees
apparently refreshed by a nights sleep
after yesterdays long session.
He said last night that mot a great
deal" separates the opposing sides from
an agreement which it is believed
would permit resumption of production
Monday.
The conference-seeking satisfac-
tory answer to the unions demand for
recognition AS the sole bargaining
agency for the corporations $1,000
employes-was scheduled for three
or four day adjournment at noon yes
terday
Instead, it continued nine hours be-
yond that time and then adjourned
only overnight. 1t was recalled into
session at 10 am. (E. S. To.
Gov Murphy. who reported prog
ress was made" yesterday, declined to
say that the change of adjournment
plans to extend the parley day and
half meant a settlement was i'm
minent.
He did say, however, Both sides are
striving earnestly to reach settle
ment."
Neither Chrysler nor Lewis, ranking
(See STRIKES, Page A-3)
Evening star., 1937-03-27

MOSCOW, March 27 (P.-Norman
Thomas, Americas No. Socialist, may
visit Soviet Russia with the approval
of Joseph Stains government
The Soviet foreign Office without
explanation, said today that Mr.
Thomas had been granted visa a
week ago"
tFrom Chicago yesterday, the Social
list party issued a statement saying
Thomas had thus far" been refused
visa to visit Russia this Summer)
Evening star., 1937-03-27
z DIE, | WOUNDED
|NGUNF|RE BURST
GaIax, Va, Civic Leader and
Fellow EmpIoye Killed
in Fiqht at Store.

BY the Associated Press.
GALAX, Va, March 27.-Two men
were killed and third was critically
wounded in shooting here today.
The cause Of the shooting was not
learned Immediately.
Swift Waugh, widely known In
Southwest Virginia for his work with
civic clubs and church organizations,
was killed, together with fellow en-
ploye of Belk's department store
named Suthpin.
Thomas Nail owner of the building
in which the department store is To-
Gated, was critically wounded.
An inquest was called Immediately
in the store, and police sought to de-
termine cause Of the trouble.
Evening star., 1937-03-27
TAFT MAY CAMPAIGN
AGAINST BULKLEY
Son of Late President Is Consid-
ering Becoming Candidate
for Senate.
By the Associated Press,

BS the Associated Press,
CLEVELAND, March 27.-Robert A.
Taft of Cincinnati, son Of the late
President and Chief Justice. William
Howard Taft, said here yesterday he
was seriously considering becoming a
candidate" for the United States Sen
ate in 1888
Il came TO Cleveland" said Taft,
40 discuss the possibility Of my cam
didacy with Republican leaders. But
1t is long time ahead, and l do not
intend to decide the matter at the
moment"
Taft was Ohios "favorite son" cam
didate for the Republican presidential
nomination last Fall
Taft is interested in the senior Sem
ate seat now held by Robert j, Bulkley
Of Cleveland, the Cleveland News said
He offered definite indication that
his campaign against Bulkley will in
slude the issue of the Supreme Court
and Senator Bulkley's support of Presi-
dent Roosevelt in the judicial reor-
Ranization campaign" the News said
Evening star., 1937-03-27
Gold Stolen From HOmestdke
Believed Hidden IN Hill Homes

hidden in fish bowls and other re-
ceptables of many tiny Black Hills
homes.
Secret Service investigation has re-
suited in the arrests Of five men in
connection with thefts some estimates
have placed as high as $l,000,000.
Mine officials place the figure much
lower.
States Attorney Alex Rentto con-
flrmed reports of the investigators and
predicted more arrests would be
made for NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS.
rich ores-from the mine.
Officers said they had learned some
OF the company's 1000 employees re-
Gently borrowed money on sacks Of
high-grade ore. This ore, they charged,
had been taken from the lower levels
of the mine-nearly 5000 feet under
ground.
Other thefts were OF gold amalgam-
(See GOLD, Page A-2)
Evening star., 1937-03-27
TWO BOYS SNATCHED
FROM DEATH BY GAS
Mother Hears Means in Basement
and Finds Son and Playmate
Unconscious.

BY staff Correspondent o. rhe Star.
BETHESDA, Md, March 27.-Two
Alta Vista boys, Billy Lehr, 6, and
Mark Halter. 8, narrowly missed death
by asphyxiation shortly before noon
today when they were overcome BY
coal gas in the basement of the for
mer's home, 400 Sonoma road.
The means Of Mark as he lapsed
into unconsciousness attracted Billy's
mother, Mrs. H. F. Lehr, and his nurse,
Mrs. Fora Carter, who were upstairs
in the bed room.
Billy showed no signs Of life, and
Mark was barely conscious when Mrs.
Lehr and the nurse reached them.
Billy's father gave the boys artificial
respiration, but neither was revived
until the Bethesda rescue squad
reached the scene and brought the
inhalator into play. Both boys are
expected to recover.
Lehr told Montgomery County police
he had just put fresh coal on the fire
and gone upstairs when the boys, who
had been playing in the yard, went
down to the basement without his
knowledge. An automatic blower, de-
signed to increase the draft in the
furnace, Is believed to have forced the
coal gas out into the basement instead
of up the flue.
Evening star., 1937-03-27
PAY INCREASE GRANTED
BY GENERAL ELECTRIC
Boost Will Approximate 5 PEI
Cent Increase in Pay Roll and
Amount to $1,000, 900.

BY the Associated Press.
SCHENECTADY, N. Y, March q.
The General Electric Co. has an
nounced pay increases which it esti-
mates will amount to 100000 an
nually to employees in all its plants,
effective April /.
Announcements of the increase in
a statement issued yesterday came on
the eve of a conference in New York
with representatives of an affiliate OF
the Committee for Industrial Organi-
zation on Bargaining throughout the
company's plants.
In addition to the increase, the
company said that all hourly rated
employees of one years service would
receive a weeks vacation with pay
and employees of more than 10 years
service would receive two weeks vaca-
ton.
The statement said the company
was granting the increase "as a re-
suit of recent survey and in
accordance with its policy of paying
wages equal to or higher than wage
rates paid in community industries
for comparable work requiring the
same skill and efficiency ' = This
adjustment will approximate S per
cent increase in the pay roll.'
Evening star., 1937-03-27
Shooting of Boy by Chum Held
accidental by Coroner's Jury
u. S. Doctors SO, Killed
at Play in Home
of Ham.

Thirteen-year-o Richard Ham,
who last night shot and killed his
playmate, Robert Mcfarland Russell,
IL, was exonerated by coroner's jury
today after he had testified he didn't
know the revolver was loaded"
Did you often point guns at peo-
ple?" one of the jurors asked.
YES" the curly-haired boy replied.
Did your parents know that?" the
juror asked.
When Richard replied in the affirma-
tive, his mother, Mrs. William F..
Ham, cried out in protest, but her de-
NAL went unnoticed.
Mother Heard Report.
Mrs. Ham, nervously lingering her
pocketbook, told the jury she heard
a "muff1ed report and ran upstairs
to find Robert slumped across the bed,
She said she didn't know who loaded
the gun.
I'VE had rule" she explained, that
(See SHOOTING, Page A-2)
Evening star., 1937-03-27
REFUSAL EXPECTED HERE.
16-inch Guns Favored as Japan De-
clines to Agree.

Naval officers learned without sur
prise today of the Japanese govern
ment's formal refusal to participate
with the United States, Great Britain
and France in limitation of battle
ship gun calibers.
That action had been expected for
some time in official circles, and the
Navy Department has made its own
plans accordingly.
Although no formal comment was
Forthcoming Immediately, well-informed
persons said they expected that To-
inch guns would be adopted for the
two new United States battleships to
be laid down this Summer.
The Navy Department was repre-
sented as being willing to conflne the
size of its future big guns to IA inch,
provided Japan agreed to such limi-
tation. Without such a restriction,
however, Navy ordnance engineers
and construction experts were said to
favor l6-inch rifles.
On the other hand, the British navy
already has announced it intends to
install 14-inch caliber guns in the
five new battleships on which 1t will
begin construction this year.
Evening star., 1937-03-27
MEXICO CATHOLICS
!. GET PLEA OF POPE
Pontiff Calls for Spiritual
Aid for Worker and Care
for Student.
BACKGROUND

BACKGROUND
Catholic conflict NTH MEXICAN
government, turning steadily towdrd
socialism and n,ateridlism, has
gro,Dn in intensity in recent years,
highspotted by frequent closing OF
churches and eviction OF priests
from Merico.
Vatican has conducted ceaseless
efforts to pin back by diplomacy
the rights OF the church, although
there are indications that the
Mexican government, particularly
in the states, is relenttng partially
in its drastic suppression.
BY the Associated Press.
VATICAN CITY, March 27.-
Pope Plus XII carried his fight for q
return to the Christian life" to the
Western Hemisphere today in AZ
Easter encyclical letter addressed tc
the clergy and laity of Mexico.
Non-controversial in tone, the thire
to issue from the Pontiff's pen vithir
nine days, the encyclical urged mate
rial as well as spiritual aid for thu
Mexican worker and pleaded for great
care" to safeguard school children ane
university students from dangers II
their faith"
He counseled against violent chang
es" in the application of principles
Of justice and charity, although hi
words reflected his sadness at "ths
condition of the afflicted church ir
| Mexico
(The closing of churches and the re.
| strictions on numbers of priests per.
mitted to conduct service, coupled with
Mexico's more recent program O.
socialistic education, have been OBJ
jects of deep concern to Catholics
Recently Catholics in some portionl
Of Mexico opened long closed churche,
by force.)
Deals With Education.
OF education in Mexico, the Pontif
said:
An integral Christian education
is required for the success q
all other activities If Catholics are t.
contribute to the prosperity of the ma
ton"
Following as it did his encyclical
excoriating communism and assailini
what he called anti-Christian activi
ties of the German Nazis, the lette
was direct pastoral appeal to Mexi
can Catholics to work together 40
the greater intensification of tn
Christian life" so that they might OBJ
tain true peace and prosperity"
He said that in every country, tn
secret of true peace and prosperit
is the Christian life, carried on in it
multiple works
This is true in Mexico, the Pop
stated, saying that therefore tn
clergy and the people should strive t.
render ever more intense and effec
(See POPE Page Any