Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1937-05-09

- AN Id CoilcCLlVe Peace man ne
will forbid American ships to trans
port certain specified goods-which
would be essential war materials
when the sanctioning states have the
sea power to preserve their own trade
IN these goods with the United States,
and to cut OIL the trade of their op-
ponents, and will require all trade
with belligerents to be cash when the
sanctionists have the financial re-
sources to pay cash for all purchases
Of any kind in this country.
Example Of Operation.
A concrete example may be some
thing like this: Germany and Japan
60 to war against Russia and are de-
clared aggressors by the League of
Nations-or its moving spirits-and
sanctions are voted Germany and
Japan, defying sanctions, evoke mill
tary measures by the sanctionists. The
President then must determine the
advlsability OF extending the neu-
trality act provisions to the latter and
forbidding American ships carrying
essential war materials such as oil,
cotton, copper, scrap iron
The League would rely upon the
naval force of Great Britain to enforce
sanctions. The British empire, being
virtually self sufficient in all war ma
terias. would not find the restrictions
onerous. But Germany and Japan,
probably cut OF from the American
market by British sea power, and in
any event finding it practically i'm
possible to pay cash for these mate
rails from America, would suffer a
body blow. Thus. American resources
would remain available-for cash-to
Great Britain and her sanctionist
allies but would be denied to their
enemies.
Discretionary neutrality legislation
conceivably can inspire reasonable
charges OF Immortality by virtue Of
the unequal operation OF regulations
applied after war begins. but the
theory of the school which supports
the discretionary law is that If peace
can be kept only by giving up neu-
trality, such surrender is advisable.
In other words, peace is higher obli-
cation Of the Government to its citi-
Gems than is neutrality to other gov
ernments. II pressing for strict neu-
trality rights is likely to lead to war
those rights are better neglected.
The determination to keep the
United States at peace finds further
expression in q concerted campaign
for removal Of those hates and dis
trusts nourished by Latin Americans
for the COLOSSUS Of the north" The
good neighbor" policy has been i'm
plemented by numerous acts testifying
to the good faith Of the United States.
Chief among these was renunciatio
OF intervention as corner stone Of
American policy in Latin America
American foreign policy chiefs never
cease repeating that the United States
is done with interference in other
New World governments. The cut for
this campaign was given by Mr. Roose-
welt at Wilson day dinner in 1888
when he renowned armed interven-
ton as function Of foreign policy.
His statement that 1.-The mainte-
nance Of constitutional government in
other nations is not sacred obliga-
ton devolving upon the United States
alone inaugurated long series Of
steps out OF the internal concerns Of
other nations. Thus. we killed the
Plat amendment and rescinded the
Panama treaty, both OF which carried
certain rights OF intervention: with
drew our Marines from Haiti and
Nicaragua, and last year refused to
intervene again in the latter country
at time of grave domestic crisis
there; and at the Seventh Pan-Ameri-
can Congress at Montevideo in 1888
Secretary Hull unequivocally pledged
to Latin Americans security Of their
domestic affairs from the United
States.
Reciprocal Trade Aids Latins.
On top of this the reciprocal trade
program has embraced eight Latin
American countries. bringing sharp
upturns in economic conditions, par
ticularly in Cuba, where geographical
proximity gives the United States
special reason for apprehension over
unrest.
In the Far East American peace
policy manifests itself in withdrawal
from the Philippines, a balm for the
sore spot in Japanese-American re-
lations. BY 1945, when the Philippines
become independent, American po-
litical commitments in the Far East
will be virtually wiped out. With re-
spect to Japan, too, it has been signifi-
cant that during the past four years
there has been precious little reafir-
nation Of the Stimson doctrine OF
non-recognition OF Japan's conquest
of Manchuria. Although we do moi
yet recognize Manchukuo We are not
pressing the point and hint OF our
future course may be found in tacit
recognition lent Italy's conquest Of
Ethiopia.
If such broad policy of peace pro-
motion fails to keep the United State.
out OF foreign wars and to forestall
aggression against the United States
we have under preparation a nationa
defense force which will soon be capa.
bic Of meeting any emergency. Resto.
ration Of the armer strength of tn,
United States is one OUTSTANDING
achievement Of the administrat TO,
1t has been above all the personal in.
terest Of the Chief Executive which
has led Congress to greater and great.
er appropriations for the Army anc
Navy. With program of nava
building designed to attain treat,
limits by 1912. and with the Arm,
receiving 40 per cent more personne
than 1t had two years ago, we ar,
mending our fences like any goot
neighbor would.
Treaty Tonnage Retained.
Sono after March 4, 1888, Mr.. Roose
welt expressed the determination II
see the Navy built up to standard
prescribed in the Washington an,
London naval treaties. Although boil
have expired, their basic tonnage fig
ures have been retained as our imme
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