Evening star., 1937-01-06
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That challenge we met. To meet
1t required unprecedented activi-
ties under Federal leadership
to end abuses-to restore . large
measure Of material prosperity-to
give new faith to millions Of our
citizens who had been traditionally
taught to expect that democracy
would provide continuously wider
opportunity and continuously
greater security In Q world where
science was continuously making
material riches more available to
man.
Errors Held Few
And Cost Cheap.
In the many methods Of attack
with which we met these problems,
you and I, by mutual understand
ing and by determination to CO.
operate, helped to make democ-
racy succeed by refusing to permit
unnecessary disagreement to arise
between two Of our branches Of
government. That spirit Of CO.
operation was able to solve diff
culties Of extraordinary magnitude
and ramification with few impor-
tant errors, and at q cost cheap
when measured by the immediate
necessities and the eventual results.
look forward to a continuance
Of that cooperation in the next
four years. look forward also to
a continuance Of the basis of that
co-operation-mutu respect for
each others proper sphere Of func-
tioning in q democracy which is
working well, and common-sense
realization of the need for play
in the joints Of the machine.
On that basis, 1t is within the
right of the Congress to determine
which Of the many new activities
shall be continued or abandoned,
increased or curtailed.
On that same basis. the President
alone has the responsibility for
their administration. find that
this task of executive management
has reached the point where
our administrative machinery needs
comprehensive overhauling. Ishall,
therefore, shortly address the
Congress more fully in regard to
modernizing and improving the
executive branch Of the Govern
ment.
That cooperation Of the past four
Iat Nd H2
President has aimed at the fulfill
ment of q two-fold policy-first,
economic recovery through many
kinds Of assistance to agriculture,
industry and banking, and, second,
deliberate improvement in the per-
sonal security and opportunity Of
the great mass Of our people.
Recalls Measures
To End Depression.
The recovery We sought was not
to be merely temporary. 1t was to
be a recovery protected from the
causes of previous disasters. With
that aim in view-to prevent fu-
ture similar crisis-you and
Joined in a series of enactments-
safe banking and sound currency,
the guarantee Of bank deposits,
protection for the investor in Sc
curities, the removal Of the threat
of agricultural surpluses, insistence
on collective bargaining, the out
lawing Of sweat shops, child labor
and unfair trade practices, and the
beginnings of security for the aged
and the worker.
Nor was the recovery We sought
merely purposeless whirring Of
machinery. It is important. of
course, that every man and woman
in the country be able to find work.
that every factory run, that busi-
ness. as a whole, earn profits. But
Government in a democratic Ma
tion does not exist solely, or even
primarily. for that purpose.
1t is not enough that the wheels
turn. They must carry us in the
direction OF a greater satisfaction
in life for the average man. The
deeper purpose Of democratic gov
ernment Is to assist as many OF
its citizens as possible-especially
those who need it most-to improve
their conditions of life, to retain
all personal liberty which does not
adversely affect their neighbors
and to pursue the happiness which
comes with security and an oppor-
tunity for recreation and culture.
Far.Reaching Problems
Still Are With Us.
Even with our present recovery
we are far from the goal of that
deeper purpose. There are far
reaching problems still with us for
which democracy must flnd soiu-
tions if it Is to consider itself sue.
ceSsful.
For example, many millions Of
Americans still live in habitations
which not only fail to provide the
physical benefits of modern civil.
zation. but breed disease and i'm
pair the health Of future genera
tions. The menace exists not only
in the slum areas Of the very large
cities, but in many smaller cities
as well. 1t exists on tens of thou
sands Of farms, in varying degrees,
in every part of the country.
Another example is the preva-
lence Of an un-American type Of
tenant farming. I do not suggest
that every farm family has the
capacity to earn q satisfactory liv-
ing on its own farm. But many
thousands Of tenant farmers-in.
deed most Of them-with some
financial assistance and with some
advice and training can be made
self-supporting on land which can
eventually belong to them. The
Nation would be wise to offer them
that chance instead Of permitting
them to 60 along as they do now.
year after year, with neither future
security as tenants nor hope Of
ownership of their homes nor ex-
pectation of bettering the lot Of
their children.
Another national problem is the
Intelligent development of our So
cial security system, the broaden
ing Of the services it renders and
practical improvement in its opera