davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1937-02-18
STARS, MEN AND ATOMS
Notebook of Science Progress in Field,
Laboratory and Study.
BY THOMAS r HENRY.

the leaves Of the living-rock. variety
of cactus. The sacred datura" Of the
Southwest also produced highly intoxi-
eating beverage.
Other interesting Indian food plants
listed by Mr.. Yanovsky include
A lichen growing on the bark of pine
and fir trees in the Columbia River area
which was sprinkled with water. allowed
to ferment, then rolled in large balls
and baked in an oven.
The palatable roots of the arrowhead
which were boiled or roasted by nearly
all the Indian tribes.
The annual wild rice, which still
grows In great fields along the Potomac
and was one of the most important of all
Indian cereals 1t is not a true rice,
but is almost indistinguishable from
that grain.
The CORN Of the jack-in the pulpit.
which was known as IroQuois bread root.
The sumac. whose acid fruit was used
to make cooling drinks resembling
lemonade.
The fruits of numerous wild roses
All these Indian plant foods may
constitute an important part Of the
potential food supply of the United
States. The great majority, it is likely,
will never have any commercial value,
but others may contain unknown nu-
triton values which can be determined
only by actual experiment. There is
work for nutritional experts and chem
lists for many years which promises a
high return on the investment.
Evening star., 1937-02-18

More than half Of American agri-
culture depends on plants unknown to
white men before the discovery OF the
New World.
Corn, potato, tobacco, sweet potato,
bean, squash, pepper and tomato COM
prise only q beginning of the roll call
of plants domesticated by the American
Indians and adopted and improved by
the European settlers until today they
are common the world over. But still the
resources Of the native fora are largely
untapped. The Bureau Of Chemistry and
Soils Of the Department Of Agriculture
has Just compiled o list of liz species
of plants which were used for food by the
North American aboriginals, the great
majority Of which never have been used
by white men.
Take, for example. the staff Of life
bread. The native tribes made at least
q dozen kinds Of bread, according to the
list compiled by Elias Yanovsky OF the
bureau staff, which remain unknown
beyond their immediate localities. The
North West Coast Indians make bread
from the crushed seeds of the Western
yellow pine. In Utah the seeds OF the
barnyard grass are ground into nour
and made into bread or mush. Various
varieties Of bullrush are an important
source Of bread through much OF the
Rocky Mountain region. The roots OF
the great bullrush either are eaten raw
OF pounded into -four. The plentiful
supply OF pollen also is collected and
made into bread. Over large area OF
the West the seeds Of the bush known
as lambSquarter are ground into hour.
The Cheyenne Indians use the seed OF
q water lily for the same purpose. An
important source Of -four over most OF
the country was the dried tuber of the
Indian breadroot. The pounded and
ground inner bark Of the red, silver and
sugar naples was extensively used Tor
bread over most Of the East. The seeds
of several varieties Of cactus were ma
terial for bread. The seeds OF tho
common sunflower were an obvious ana
important bread source.
Tea and coffee were unknown to the
Indians before they came into contact
with the whites, but they had great
variety Of drinks which served the same
purpose. Such were the leaves OF the
ink berry. the common holly, the winter
berry, the frost grape, wild mints, wild
bergamot, catnip, thistle sage, roots OF
the elder and roots of the larch. Many
seeds formed an acceptable substitute
for coffee.
There is considerable question as to
whether the North American tribes knew
alcohol before it was introduced by the
whites, but they were familiar with
some quite effective substitutes. Among
them was q brew of the leaves of a
certain species Of holly which is COM
mon In the Southeast. This was the
celebrated "black drink" of the Mus
kogeans, foul-tasting concoction with
q real intoxicating effect.
Through much Of the Southwest the
native tribes got deliriously intoxicated
cn so-called dry whisky"-by chewing
Evening star., 1937-02-18
The Legal Speed Limit.

In 1923 Congress established twenty
two-mile-an-hour speed limit for auto
mobiles in the District. That Is still
the legal limit. except in thirty-mile
zones. Judge Hit. in TRAFFIC Court, sug-
gests that police should not bring
motorists into court on speed charges
until they exceed twenty-eight miles an
hour. But as some other judge might
decide that twenty-five miles an hour or
thirty miles an hour is the logical limit,
it is easy to understand the resulting
confusion in the minds Of motorists and
police alike if individual opinions are to.
be substituted for the law. The police
are right In warning that they will
continue to enforce the speed limit IS
established by Congress.
Should the speed limit be increased7
Evening star., 1937-02-18
Correct the Mistake.

For the second time the Senate has
voted for unqualified repeal of the red
rider. Yesterdays debate in the Senate,
preceding the vote, was interesting be-
cause of the emphasis again placed on
the fact that the red rider should never
have been enacted in the first place. Sem
ator Glass expressed some skepticism as
to the wisdom of outright repeal, sum-
marizing his position as follows:
My position is that we should not
have enacted this legislation. y My
only fear in the matter is that if we
make an outright repeal of the Ian
guAge 1t will mean an invitation to the
teachers to teach all the communism they
may want to teach.
The position of House and Senate, as
expressed in debate in both bodies, is
that the red rider should never have
been enacted in the first place. 1t has
been constant source of annoyance, a
breeder Of ill-will and distrust, and will
remain so until repealed. 1t has con-
stituted an unfair reflection on the
patriotism and the honor of a fine body
Of American men and women who con-
stitute the Board of Education, and the
administrative and the teaching person.
mel of the schools. That reflection will re-
main as long as the red rider remains.
Why not repeal it and have done with
the business?
The only objection to outright repeal
is the fear that communism then may be
taught or advocated without hindrance.
Is that logical fear? Does our conf
dence in the Board of Education and
the teachers rest on so slim foundation
as the red rider, which should never
have been enacted in the first place?
There has been no evidence that teach
ers or school officials advocated or
sought to advocate communism before
the enactment of the red rider. There
is no evidence that they will seek to do
so after the red riders repeal The
effect of repeal, it is believed will be
exactly the opposite. There will be
greater care on every hand to guard
against inviting the attack of suspicious
individuals.
The mistake which was made in enact
Ing the red rider should be corrected by
repeating the red rider. Halfway COM
promises which leave an amended rider
on the books will not remedy that mis-
take but will perpetuate its unhappy
effects.
Evening star., 1937-02-18
New York recently established q twenty.

New York recently established q twenty.
fve-mile an .hour limit. The speed limit
in large cities varies between twenty
and twenty-five miles an hour. WASH
ington's limit was q compromise between
these two figures. Most people will
agree that twenty-five miles an hour
should be the maximum, except on
boulevards.
The speed limit here might be in
creased a few miles an hour without
danger. But until 1t 10 there should be
continued and strict enforcement Of
existing law. And before increasing
the speed limit the Districts annual
toll of accident and death should be
substantially reduced. There is a direct
connection between speed and traf1ic
death. One out Of every sixty-one acci-
dents at speed Of twenty miles an
hour is fatal; one out Of every forty
three accidents at q speed OF twenty to
twenty-nine miles an hour Is fatal; one
out of every eleven accidents at q speed
Of fifty miles an hour is fatal. Before
Washington raises the speed limit, let
there be more positive results In dimin-
ishing accidents and deaths and more
adequate enforcement of the present
law. The courts, as much as the police,
are charged with adequate enforcement.
Evening star., 1937-02-18
History Makers Who We're
Past Threescore and Ten

To the Editor OF The Star:
The Supreme Court does not stand
charged with age and incompetence. But
some Of the gentlemen composing 1t
are accused Of considering themselves
tied down to the letter of the law,
thereby impeding the march of progress.
Maybe
AS to age, history records many in
stances where men-and women-of ad-
vanced years did great work. In 1890
Emperor william II dropped the
pilot" he discharged Bismarck. The
Emperor was young, the great chancellor
quite old. After his disniSsal-in full
possession of his faculties-he lived
for another eight years. Now. 1t is
quite reasonable to surmiSe that If he
had remained in office during those
eight years, things would have turned
out differently. He might have shaped
Germany's course in such manner that
the World War and after" would have
been avoided-or else localized"
The great Marshal Moltke. aged 10.
planned and won the Franco Prussian
war OF 1870. His master, "Old King"
william, 73 years old, went along. On
several occasions the monarch exposed
himself to shot and shell. Once, in
one of the important battles around
Metz. he noted some of his troops
retreat. He speedily left headquarters.
rode out and cussed them most heartily.
Ashamed, they turned on the French
once more. BY the way, our own Phil
Sheridan, as an American military OBJ
server, was attached to the Kings
suite at the time.
In 1890 the British invaded Ireland.
and the result Of the Battle of the
Boyne made the country an English
province for nigh $50 years. The VIC
torious commander was the Duke Won
Schomberg, aged S0-15. according to
others-a former marshal Of France and
considered "the foremost soldier In
Europe"-MAcauley He fell In the battle.
As to men of learning, We could men.
ton quite q number OF graybeards-
Samuel Adams. Won Ranke, Carlyle,
Gladstone, Robert Browning, Queen
Victoria, Sir Edward Coke, Charles
Darwin, Calico, Ruskin, Bancroft. Or
take q homely example: "Old Mother
Jones'" when near 100, was still power
and an inspiration to her people. It
ID d pity that no one ever appointed
her to the court.
FRED vETTER.
Evening star., 1937-02-18
Sources of Information
About Buffalo Bill Tangle
TO the xdttor Of The Asar:

TO the Hdtter Of The ntar:
In your issue for Thursday, February
4. there was an article headed, Knew
Wild West" in which Mr.. H. w. Selah
attempts to disclose some facts in
Buffalo Bill tangle." There Is abundant
evidence by printed and written reports
from such Indian warsmen as Gen.
Philip H. Sheridan, Gen. Wesley Mer-
ritt. Gen. Charles King and many other
officers and enlisted men of the old
Army that Mr.. Selah has failed to con.
suit.
Col. Cody was in the Indian servics
in the late 1S60s, though this Yellow
Hand (or Hair episode occurred in
July, 1876, and 1t has been truly said
that Buffalo Bill reaped the brightest
laurels of his adventurous life that
morning by staying Yellow Hand. the
Indian leader, In single combat" !"
There is living today one man who
witnessed the fight, and this is Chris
to the brim with honest service as an
enlisted man In the old 5th Cavalry,
and later as peace ofhcer In Oklahoma.
In the November and December, 1884,
issues OF the winners of the West,
paper published monthly by George w.
Webb at st. Joseph, Mo-, Mr.. Madsen
gave 4 lengthy and detailed illustrated
story Of the combat. From this any
interested person can procure actualities,
and the copies are available ut the
Library of Congress.
There is at this date In Baltimore, on
a blue-lined sheet of writing paper the
story of the duel and the authority
none other than William Cody himself
in q letter written to his wife, and now
the valued possession of Mrs. Harry o.
Schloss.
The letter with Cody's spelling and
punctuation. follows:
Red Cloud Agency.
July 18th, rs.
MY Darling Lulu:
We have come in here for rations.
We have had q fight. I killed Yellow
Hand, q Cheyenne chief in single
handed fight. You will no doubt hear of
1t through the paper. I am going as
soon as reach Fort Laramie the
place we are heading for now. Sent the
war bonnet, Shield, bride, whip, arms
and his scalp to Kerngood to put up
in his window. I will write Kerngood
to bring it up to the house SO that you
can show 1t to the neighbors. We are
now ordered to join Gen Crook and will
be there in two weeks. Write me at once
to Fort Fetterman, wyoming. My health
is not very good. have worked myself to
death. Although l have shot at lots OF
Indians, have only one scalp can
call my own that fellow fought single
handed in sight of our command and
the cheers that went up when he fell was
deafening. Well, Lulu, have no more
time to write now. Will write from
Laramie to everybody and long letters.
"Goodby my Lulu. q thousand kisses
to all from your hubby.
WILLIE"
Lulu, we have lost General Carr, Gen
eral Merritt has taken command as he
ranks Carr"
WILLIAM w. NEIFERT.
Evening star., 1937-02-18
States Rights Question and
Observation-Disclosures
To the Editor of The star:

To the Editor of The Star:
There are two things don't under
stand about this Supreme Court argu-
ment:
If the people handed Franklin D.
Roosevelt an overwhelming mandate
for booze in 1882 and it took only
months land few billions in depression
patronage to get it, why is 1t held that
the still more overwhelming mandate"
Of 1896 against existing constitutional
inhibitions will take years to translate
into q constitutional amendment?
If State lines stand in the way of
adequate modern administration of
justice, why is it that the issue of
separation of executive, legislative and
judicial powers is confused with the
question of States rights? Why not
go directly to abrogation of State
sovereignty by repeating the tenth
amendment?
Why be SO subtle?
ALDEN A. POTTER.
Evening star., 1937-02-18
Approves Younger Men
On Supreme Court Bench

To the Editor Of The Star:
The Presidents desire to pack" the
Supreme Court Is q gentle hint to any
justice Of that court who has reached
10 years, or over, to retire and make
room for younger and more progressive
man; that. 1t seems to me, is as it
should be.
do not believe that a man over 10
years Of age can adapt himself to "our
times"
No injuries will come to American
justice merely because younger men
sit on the Supreme Court bench. How
ever, the President, appointing younger
men, must forget politics and make
ability and qualification the only re-
quiretnents.
FREDERICK Il. HoRsTMANN.
New York, N. Y.
Evening star., 1937-02-18

paramount deSideraturn. Whether the
Spanish people are to be governed under
republican regime of radical-communist
hue or ground under the heel OF .
Fascist-Nad dictatorship Is something
to be determined as q matter of purely
domestic concern. The situation, of
course, is not quite as innocuous as that
from the standpoint of the French. They
do not relish the prospect of being
surrounded on the east, southeast and
south by authoritarian states which hold
democracy in brutal contempt and have
given ample proof of their readiness to
make common cause against it. A sani-
tary Gordon to protect France against
anti-democratic contagion may be
Europes next problem.
Evening star., 1937-02-18
Sanitary Cordons.

Though their action savors of locking
the stable door after theft of the horse,
the European powers have at length
decided to draw a sanitary Gordon"
around Spain. Its purpose is to bring
about a cessation of civil war hostilities
by shutting off supplies of men and
munitions for both sets Of belligerents.
Essentially, the plan is dictated by self
interest of the twenty-six different
nations subscribing to it, on the theory
that the conflict will be localized and
isolated thus reducing to minimum, If
not entirely obliterating, the possibility
Of its still spreading across Spanish
borders and developing into a European
war. On its face, this belated program
purports to favor neither the Loyalist
government nor its rebel foes. 1t places
an all-around ban on volunteers, effec-
tive at midnight February co. and estab-
fishes blockade around the Iberian
peninsula, beginning March 6. Only
Portugal, ardent insurgent supporter,
has declined to ratify the scheme.
All the other countries from which
both the Spanish government and the
insurgents have notoriously been de-
irving aid and comfort, despite the
shadowy "non-intervention" pact of
London, now agree to place an embargo
on both man-power and munitions.
While Germany and Italy proclaim their
unreServed adhesion to the arrange
ment, it is strongly suspected that their
scquiescence is only Forthcoming be-
cause the Fascist relationships are salts
fed that Frances cause is now assured
of victory, thanks mainly to the un-
stinted aid already received from its
Berlin and Rome sympathizers. The
next step in the tortuous Spanish busi-
ness, which has shed anything but luster
on Old World craftsmanship, is ex-
pected to be an effort to persuade the
warning forces to seal an armistice and
arbitrate their strife.
Though it is highly questionable that
blockade of coasts and frontiers will
suffice to prevent the sending Of NUM-
tions and other war supplies into the
various battle zones, especially with
Portugal withholding cooperation, Eu-
rope has at least taken action designed
to minimize the danger of a general
Sonflagration. That, after all, Is the
Evening star., 1937-02-18

There might be advantage in a pro-
gram of well-paid retirement for radi-
oloquists who are hard worked until signs
Of asthma or even heart weakening are
audibly suggested in the breathing.
Modern spell-binding should not be per-
mitted to grow merciless in its physical
demands.
Evening star., 1937-02-18

ancient records do not fully explain
what economic provision was made for
respected law givers who are credited
with having lived to be $50 or ITS years
old. 1t may be necessary to start an
investigation in chronological investigA-
ton to explain some old figures which
have long been accepted as reliable.
Evening star., 1937-02-18
A Rhyme at Twilight
By
Gertrude Brooke Hamilton
Dreaming.

Beside my fire dream of a bed
OF hemlock branches, with overhead
The sea in the pine-tops murmuring.
AS the night winds pleasant odors bring
From the pungent needles on the ground,
Inducing slumber serene and sound.
The sea in the pines breaks on the shore.
Recurrent, musical, its low roar,
Echoing far in the forests heart.
And as my fre-log falls apart.
In the soft light of the ember's glow
Pine sleep steals over me-dreaming 90.
Evening star., 1937-02-18

A snowstorm adds to the beauty of
the landscape. but is no longer a poetic
Beautiful Snow" printed
anonymously. was once a favorite. The
only present interest in snow is the
extent to which 1t can be connected up
with q shovel to provide useful en-.
ployment.
Evening star., 1937-02-18

War destroys ethical sense along with
other valuable human assets; otherwise
1t would not be regarded as permissible
for one nation to hire spies to pry into
another's private business.
Evening star., 1937-02-18

Perhaps actuarial politics may yet de-
wise system Of x-ray photographs for
appointments to political positions 50
that the ravages Of time, If any, may be
more accurately estimated.
Evening star., 1937-02-18

A few American journalists have sue
ceeded in interviewing European dicta-
tors, but without exerting, so far as can
be observed, any profound moral i'm
preston.
Evening star., 1937-02-18
Sound Shoe Basis.

Prom the Lowell Leader.
wage dispute In Lynn's shoe industry
has been ended, thus putting labor and
0anAsement On "A aznicable footing.
Evening star., 1937-02-18

Radioloquists have referred to the
plan for enlargement of the United
States Supreme Court as "disinsenious I"
An element of public opinion regards 1t
as ingenious in the highest degree.
Evening star., 1937-02-18
Alaskan Railroading. i.

From the San Francisco Chronicle.
Moose on the right of way have be-
come q hazard of railroading in Alaska.
1t is no light thing to be struck by
through moose.
Evening star., 1937-02-18
A Disapproval.

Did you receive any valentines?"
NO." answered Miss Cayenne. And
I'm glad of it,"
Don't you approve of them?"
Not in the least. If some one insists
on sending an anonymous letter. he
should at least have the originality to
write it himself"
Evening star., 1937-02-18
just Slipped.

From the Bay City Times.
What was believed the start Of sit
down strike in q local factory turned
peel.
Evening star., 1937-02-18
Spain's POlyglot Combatants.

From the Macon (oa) telegraph
1t appears that one thing that's hold
ing back the Spanish war Is that neither
army speaks Spanish.
Evening star., 1937-02-18
Shooting Stars.
BY PHrLANDKR JOHNSON.

Adjustment.
In ages past the creatures strange,
Could they have known how life would
change,
Would have put up protest strong
And beloved, Something's going
wrong!"
Barbaric man, could he have known
OF weapons we have made our own,
Would have walled often, loud and long,
In terror, Something's going wrong!"
And yet this old world always finds
Some way to satisfy our minds.
Often the breeze will bring the song
There's nothing really going wrong"
Evening star., 1937-02-18

European eyes are still turning to the
possibilities of managing American
wealth. AS the veteran OF the musical
show might repeat. 1T is the old Army
game"
Evening star., 1937-02-18
No Streamline Passengers.

From the Kalamazoo Gazette.
The transport industry apparently has
gone in for streamlining everything but
the passengers who sit next to us in q
crowded car.
Evening star., 1937-02-18
The Racing Rage.

From the New York sun.
ANNOUNCEMENT Of an impending roll
ing chair derby at Palm Beach shows
to what the craze for speed leads.
Evening star., 1937-02-18

In tribute to early patriotism, it might
be reasonable to commemorate Ben
Franklin. Many Of his remarks are
still worth repeating.
Evening star., 1937-02-18

Some problems concerning land are
basic. The H. o. L. c. has revealed the
fact that the mortgage is one of them.
Evening star., 1937-02-18
Advice Gone AStray.

Advice Gone AStray.
The moral progress seems but small
Where men 60 to the bad.
wonder what's become of all
The good advice we've had!
Regrets but seldom we'd recall
And life would ne'er be sad,
II we had only needed &ll
The good advice we've had,
Evening star., 1937-02-18

Jud Tunkins says politeness is good
thing, but it needs discretion these days.
Anybody who stops in q crowd to
apologize is liable to get run over.
Evening star., 1937-02-18
Rate by Mail-Payable in Advance.
MARYLAND and VIRGINIA
Member Of the Associated Press.

=. The Associated Press Is exclusively entitled TO
TIE use for republication of all news dispatches
efedited to 1t or not otherwise credited in this
paper and also the local news published herein.
All rights OF publication Of special dispatches
herein are also reserved
Evening star., 1937-02-18
Professional Pride.

"Why are you 80 resentful toward
people who want to break into the
Capitol and make speeches?"
Maybe" said Senator Sorghum.
there is some spirit of professional
pride involved. We statesmen naturally
feel that we are the reliable speech.
makers and We can't be expected to
welcome amateur talent"
Evening star., 1937-02-18

Problems" said Hi Ho, the sage Of
Chinatown, ARE inevitable. If there
were none, men would not need to be
born with brains"
Evening star., 1937-02-18
Proportionate Expression. =

He said that he would speak his mind.
He did so, and we srieved to find
His mind was built in such q way
He really hadn't much to say.
Evening star., 1937-02-18

II ain superstitious," said Uncle Eben,
"'cause I amt got time to 90 down de
old road 4odgin' ghosts an automobiles
both ut oace."
Evening star., 1937-02-18

@. Does Russia have any medicinal
sprlngs?-J. r.
A. There are approximately $500
springs with medicinal properties in
different parts of the country.
Evening star., 1937-02-18

@. How many United States Senators
are 10 years old or older?-H. K.
A. Only 10 Senator's have reached the
age Of 10.