davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Western news. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1933-current, 1937-07-29

level OF production and consumption
equal to that OF 1929. The results OF the
survey OF the situation In the fields OF
housing and other forms OK durable
goods, steam railroads, public utilities,
Industrial enterprises, etc. are strik-
Ing 1t would be necessary to produce
such durable goods at the rate OF ap-
proximately SO billion dollars annually
from 1887 through 1941. as compared
with actual production Of only III bill
lions In 1886, and OF rs billions annually
In the boom period between 1895 and
1929.
In other words, to make up for what
1t did not produce In depression years.
and 10 provide for the needs OF an e1-
panding population, the nation would
have to produce annually so per cent
more durable goods than In 1896. Three
times as much housing construction
would be necessary. In the field OF
non-durable. consumption goods which
are such things as food. clothes. and
amnsements, such a large expansion
would not be needed.
Labor Shortage Might Result
The production program required In
the field OF durable goods would ne
cessitate-at present working hours
the employment of from 5 to ? million
additional laborers. Making allowance
for additional workers needed to pro-
duce consumption goods, 1t appears GER
tain that unless working hours were
heightened, there would be shortages
of both skilled and unskilled labor.
Since standards OF living cannot be
restored to former levels unleRs pro-
ductive output Ia restored. any further
shortening OF the working week will
restrain the expansion OF output and
thus restrict the raising OF standards
OF living. It should be borne tn mind
that working hours have been reduced
since 1929 by approximately 20 per
cent, as compared with only Ii per
cent In the preceding 80 years.
The present recovery movement has
been marked by steadily increasing
wage rates as compared with prices
and this has increased purchasing
power among the masses. The employ
ment OF more workers as production
has expanded has increased the flow
of money to the working population
and at the same time those already
employed have been able to buy mors
with their wages. During the same
period, profits have been greatly In
creased from low depression levels al
result OF the expansion OF output ant
an increase of efficiency. This eff
cheney increase has been about In pro
portion to wage rates.
The Western news. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1933-current, 1937-07-29

WASHINGTON - Recovery In the
United States has gone far. but 1t has
been marked BY two striking charAc-
teristlcs-slownes of the gains In the
durable goods industries and the per-
sistenco Of 4 great volume OF unem-
ployment. At the Brookings lnstitu-
ton, We have made comprehensive
analysis of the American situation
which included 4 detailed study OF the
production requirements for full re-
covery. The production task ahead--f
standards of living are to be restored
even to their former levels found to
be as follows.
1. To make good the actual detertord-
hon of plant and equipment sustained
during the dcpYesston.
Z. To increase productive capital In
Hne 10Th the Crototh OF population.
5. To expand the output Of consImp-
tton ooods IN accordance Nth thts
oropth of population.
The study was made under a grant
from the Falk Foundation OF Pitts
burgh. In 1t, we sought to estimate how
great An increase In output would be
required to restore by ls41 per cdpito
The Western news. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1933-current, 1937-07-29
A New Thought Touching Labor
and Management.

Here is a thought that will be new
to many of us. 1t is found IN the
closing paragraphs of an address de-
livered by w. ]. Cameron, of the
Ford Motor company. before the
convention of the National Editorial
Association in Detroit on July FL
Mr. Cameron, who for many years
was a newspaper man himself, was
speaking on the subject, .Newspa-
pers and Labor Troubles. t. His
closing paragraphs follow.
The history of labor and manage
ment shows. that every improvement
of industrial conditions, every ad-
vance in industrial justice, origi-
mates with management. | have nc
doubt that practically every man we
meet believes that improved condl-
tons in industry have come through
outside compulsion, through strikes
aroused public opinion, legislation
and the like-in brief, that every
advance of social justice in indus
try is a victory of society over in
dustry. The fact, however, the his
tory, is just the opposite Every
such advance originated with anc
was brought into practice by indus
try itself, often as the result of
victory of industry over the mora
inertia of society--as, for example
the first English Factory Acts which
were the creation of the British mil
owners. No labor leader has eve
The Western news. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1933-current, 1937-07-29
Food OF Beavers

The food of beavers includes
nearly every plant growing in the
range inhabited by the animal, ac-
cording to a writer in the Detroit
Free Press. Aspen, maple and will
low seem to be preferred in the
order named. The animals seem to
have a tendency to eat aquatic
plants in the summer time, when
tree cutting Is at minimum. Beav-
ers in the wild cut on an average OF
two trees every three days. A small
aspen, one inch in diameter, is
enough food for a beaver for day.
Beavers are not sagacious wood cut
ters. They-Waste- much timber
The Western news. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1933-current, 1937-07-29
BYearsAgOI nLibby


(From files of The Western News
The Misses Ketridge, Miss Keller,
Fred Keller and Jack Ketridge went
to Granite lake Sunday on fish
ing trip and have been spending
the week there. They were taken
in. over the trail by Frank Upham.
After considerable delay in get
ting machinery fixed. William Lam
ey. who has a contract for run
ming 100 feet of tunnel for the Vic
tor Empire mining company, has re-
sumed operations and is making
good progress.
Chester A. Adams, cashier of the
First National Bank at Libby, has
received the money for the roads
and bridges which the people voted
last fall. There is now in the bank
here something like Sl32,400 of the
peoples money for the purpose of
! roads and bridges.
The board of county commission
ers on Monday of this week paid
the Coast Bridge company $4,000
on account of bridge construction
of the concrete piers at Libby and
for the payment of steel which has
been cut and is now ready to be
/, fabricated for the Libby bridge.
On account of the large increase
in the number of residences in sew
eral sections of the city, the Libby
water and light company has made
an appropriation of $4,000 which is
now being expended in main line
extensions.
Mr.. and Mrs. Dave Good, Mrs.
Boyle, P. L. Lee and N. Boleus re-
turned Sunday from a trip to the
West Fisher country, where they
spent five days in fishing and pick
ing huckleberries.
/ Miss Elsie Buenger, daughter of
Rev. Theo. Bunger. rector of Con-
cordia college in st. Paul, and Paul
Neils, son of Mr.. and Mrs. J. T. B.
Neils of Cass Lake, Mimi, were
married on Tuesday, July 16, at the
home of the brides parents in St.
Paul. The ceremony was performed
by the brides father in the presence
of relatives of the contracting par
ties. Mr.. and Mrs Neils arrived in
Libby on Sunday and will make
this their future home, occupying
their beautiful new residence on
Louisiana avenue.
Mr. and Mrs. r. T. Fleek enter
tanned a number of friends Off Mon
day evening in honor of DR. f. H
Davis of Broadhead, Wis, who has
been visiting here.
| Mrs. Ed. Carleton and son Eddie
left on Monday for Edmonton, Can
where they have gone to join MIR
Carleton, who Is one of the big con-
tractors on railroad work In thai
section.
M. w. Paine has accepted posi-.
ton as bookkeeper in the First Ma
tional bank
| Thos. Handley, the sage of Rex.
ford, was in Libby ON Tuesday or
business at the court house.
Deputy u. S. Marshall ]. w. Haig
tier Of Helena was in Libby this weel
looking over his farm just west o
the city.
Mrs. <. I. Cresswell, mother O
Logan CressWell left last Frida,
for visit with friends and relative.
in Seattle.
John Heffron returned to LIB,
last Thursday from Troy Mr.. Hef
from has been helping Henry Schrei
her build a bridge near that town
Clifford Clay, Bud Wood, Harr,
Baker and Earl Price of Troy signes
up with the Boomers Ferry baseball
team for series of games this weel
with q team at Cranbrook.
Bert w. Mcguire and Hugo A
Peters last week bought the Cit.
Transfer business of Howe Bros.
The Western news. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1933-current, 1937-07-29
Spanish Explorers
Saw a Great Flood
on the Mississippi
Vividly Described by
Carcilaso de la Vega

Washington. - Great floods
on Americas great rivers are
no new thing under the sun.
They are recorded by the earli-
est Spanish explorers, who
found that the Indians had
adapted themselves to the flood
problem by building great
mounds as artificial hills of ref
uge for emergencies.
The chronicle of the expedition Of
fernando de Soto, who discovered
the Mississippi, tells OF terrific
flood on the lower river, near Mem
phis. which lasted from mid-March
until the end of May. In the year
1543. De Soto and his men had
landed at Tampa Bay, Fla. trav-
ersed the states OF Florida. Geor-
gia, the Carolinas, and Alabama.
Then they discovered and crossed
the Mississippi, which De Soto
called the Great river. After ex-
ploring Arkansas and Louisiana. the
Spaniards again came back to the
Great river, where their leader fell
sick and died and was buried in its
waters so that hostile Indians might
not find and dishonor his body.
Described by De La Vega.
It was during their sojourn on the
river that they were given the first
view OF a Mississippi flood that
white mems eyes had ever beheld,
Here is how the chronicler, Gar
cilaso de la Vega, was impressed
'eThen God, our Lord, hindered
the work with a mighty food OF the
Great river, which, at that time
about the eighth or tenth OF March
began to come down with an enor-
NOUS increase of water: which ir
the beginning overflowed the wide
level ground between the river anc
the cliffs; then little by little Il rost
to the top OF the cliffs. Soon !
began to flow over the fields In az
immense flood, and as the land wa
level without any hills there wal
nothing to stop the inundation.
Beautiful to Look Upon.
1.-THE flood was 40 days in reach
ing its greatest height, which wa.
the twentieth OF April, and 1t was {
beautiful thing to look upon ths
sea where there had been fields
for on each side of the river thu
water extended over 20 leagues o
land and all of this area was navi
gated by canoes, and nothing wal
seen but the tops Of the TALES
| trees.
ION account of these inundation'
of the river the people build theil
houses on the high land, and wher'
there is none, they raise mounds
by hand, especially for the house
| of the chiefs; the houses are con
structed three or four stages allow
the ground, on thick posts that serv'
! as uprights and between upright
they lay beams for the floors, ant
above these floors which are 0
wood, they make the roof, with gal
leries around the four sides of tn
house where they store their foo
and other supplies, and here the.
take refuge from the great foods.
The Western news. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1933-current, 1937-07-29
CORRUPTION
BY Clayton Rand

Political corruption is sin confined to no one party
it is common to new-dealers and drtydealers alike
It's like faint in the blood.
Political graft is something that either comes by in
stinct or once learned is never forgotten.
It's like learning to swim milk cow-once mas
tered never forgets the art and science of it
it's not like golf which fellow has to learn over
every day.
The most useful citizens those neither rockribbed
nor dyed-n-the-wool- they the balance-of-poWer
ones who create the political urnovers that keep both
parties half decent for while
tcopyrghD
The Western news. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1933-current, 1937-07-29

Member: National Editorial Associa-
ton and Montana State Press As
ISOLATION.
The Western news. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1933-current, 1937-07-29

The author of Home, Sweet
Home" made his debut as an actor
in New York City in 1909 and was
successful for 80 years. He also
wrote several plays, Of which "Bru-
tus." Charles II" and "Clari'
are the best known. The song Home
Sweet Home" was introduced in
"Clari" which was produced as an
opera In London.
The Western news. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1933-current, 1937-07-29
CAPITAL Of Uruguay

The capital OF Uruguay Is known
as the South American Lido. 1t
has a population OF two-thirds OF a
million. 1t takes its name from the
cerro behind it. A sailor, who cs-
pied it in l726, cried out: Monte
videol" Il see a mountain.) 1t ID
one OF the most beautiful capitals
in the western hemisphere. It Is \
city OF wealth
The Western news. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1933-current, 1937-07-29
Greatly Expanded Production
REQUIRED for Full Recovery
By HAROLD G.. MOULTON
President, The BrookinEs Instisuti0s

The recovery movement between
1894 and 1885 was thus soundiy based.
Production was steadily mounting, nur-
chasing power was being spread broad
ly among tho masses. speculation Vas
not excessive, business men had not
stocked up with heavy supplies OF
goods, and the general balance b.
tween production and consumption was
satisfactory.
AT the end OF 1886. therefore. the
stage seemed set for q period OF great
expansion. Production requirements
we're adequate to absorb all the unem-
ployed The recovery movement was
steadily broadening; the economic sys-
tenn as a whole was In reasonably good
balance, and at the same time the possi-
bllity OF the government balancing Its
budget appeared somewhat brighter.
Further Expansion Threatened
In recent months. particularly since
February, the situation has changed tn
one vitality important respect. Rapid In
creases In raw material prices and In
wages have laid the basis for IN old
time vicious spiral OF imitation. While
the particular labor groups who receive
higher wages may stand to gain for =
The Western news. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1933-current, 1937-07-29

Many Species Of Oak Trees
There are about 300 species OF
oak trees scattered over the north
ern hemisphere, except in the ex-
IRENE north and in tropical Africa
and South America.
The Western news. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1933-current, 1937-07-29
INDEX NUMBERS
INDEX NUMBERS

In reA hourly earnings
u possible
buy Noticeable tia recovery
that the number
On Ae ssns
h.n and services
scd In the 81
The Republican., 1937-02-25
therefore necessary.

therefore necessary.
Oakland, recognized as town of
pleasing appearance, with energetic
and courteous merchants and other
business and professional men, and as
a town up to date in every respect,
must maintain its position by having
an efficient governing body.
Just at present there are many
problems that confront the mayor and
city council. The construction of a
reservoir to better conserve the towns
water supply; the proposed golf course
which is calculated to draw the tour
ist trade to this section, are only two.
The Oakland council needs members
who will serve the community well, and
it is the duty of every citizen to see
that representative list of candidates
is selected.
Attendance upon the meeting would
be evidence of a personal and active
interest that is needed among all
citizens of Oakland. Oakland is a
good town, respected by its neighbors.
1t is to the interest of every resident
to keep it so.
The Republican., 1937-02-25

Court. The allegation was generally
ignored or waved aside by the New
Deal orators themselves. So the Presi-
dent was not on record before the
election for enlarging the Supreme
Court and there is no indication or evil
dence that the voters "asked for it."
Although there is no way of obtaining
the facts it is pretty good guess that
many thousands of voters who sup
ported the New Deal in November
1886, had on belief or expectation that
the President would advocate the in
crease in the Supreme Court. Any
such intention was publicized no more
in the 1886 campaign than were the
New Deal theories of centralize gov
ernment exploited in the campaign of
1882.
Perhaps the most serious charge
against the message of Mr.. Roosevelt
on the question Of changing court pro-
cedure and enlarging the courts is that
while the message purports to recon-
mend the proposed legislation in order
to expedite litigation and do some
thing more to eliminate "the laws
delay" it is carefully concealed effort
to "pack the Supreme Court" with
judges who will look with more favor
on the legislation desired by the New
Deal, than have the nine judges up
to this time. And one newspaper very
friendly to the President said edi-
tcrially the other night, this appears
smart but gives one the impression
that it may be just a little too smart.
Just how smart it is remains to be
seen.
There is unquestionably a sentiment
in the country, among lawyers and
laymen both, for increasing the eff
cheney of the courts and curtailing the
laws delay. But critics of the Presi-
dents message point out that so far as
the Supreme Court is concerned it has
been Caught up" with its duties since
the days of Chief Justice Taft. New
The Republican., 1937-02-25
THEY DIDN'T ASK FOR IT

A repl: ften heard, from critics of
the administration, when they are
asked what they think of the Presi-
dents recommendations regarding the
enlargement of the Supreme Court is
something like this: "Well, the people
voted for him, didn't they? They asked
for it, and are getting just what they
might have expected"
The reply, however, is not entirely
comprehensive and convincing. In
creasing the number of the Supreme
Court Justices was not exactly an issue
in the campaign. Certain critics of the
New Deal, like former Senator Reed
of Missouri, charged Mr.. Roosevelt
with intent to change the basic thought
of the Supreme Court by enlarging the
The Republican., 1937-02-25

Federal courts should be created, they
admit, but they point out that if the
lower courts are behind it may be due
in part to the fact that there have been
for months many vacancies which
could be filled now by the President
in the interest of speed.
In respect to delay Senator Reed de-
clares: "In every instance which has
come to my knowledge in recent
months the Government could have Sc
cured speedy hearing. 1t has not
done SO. 1t has purposely delayed the
lodgment of these cases in the Supreme
Court.
There are, of course, many other
angles to the present nationwide
argument over the courts. 1t is of
course true that many men past the
age of seventy are in better physical
and mental condition than many men
years under that age. There are con-
gressmen, senators, governors, and
even pollce cmefS over seventy VINO are
doing pretty good job, while there
are many youngsters in public life who
are not doing to well.
But, after all, the most serious
charge against the proposed New Deal
legislation is that it seeks to "pack"
sne Supreme Court in the interest of
proposed legislation. That is the real
question. AS Senator Hiram johnson
said of the proposals on his return
from Florida the other day:
"The implications of this are so
grave and far reaching 1 can do but one
thing, and that is, to the limit of my
ability, oppose this extraordinary
legislation"
The Republican., 1937-02-25
YOUR INTEREST NEEDED

During the coming week, probably
Tuesday evening, citizens of Oakland
will be called together to select a list
of candidates for the positions of town
councilmen, soon to be vacant.
Three councilmen and also a city
treasurer will be chosen at the annual
municipal election on Monday, March
8, and list of several, from whom the
voters can make their selection, should
be named.
Interest in government is fundamen-
tai. Beginning with organization with
in town, and from there through
city, state and Federal government, it
is the duty of every citizen to main
tain interest. Locally, any measures
that might be passed by the towns
governing body, might affect each
citizen vitality. An active interest is
The Republican., 1937-02-25

chancel-the altar all afire with fow
ers of the tropics; all these sights and
sounds greeted one in this Holy pIs.a
yesterday.
l have written these things that von
might more readily anticipate 4.
great festival we are planning for NJ
Lake this summer. The Festival bo'
enjoyed the presence of musical calo
brities from its very beginning, Tbi.
season leading composers, choral and
orchestral directors will be at the pa,,.
The Festival is presenting sometbrn
entirely new in liturgical worsbir
Many clergymen of all denominations
will be present also. The presence Of
DR.. John Finley Williamson is sniff
cient warrant of its history-mak;ro
significance.
1 am anxious that the friends and
enthusiasts of the Festival deyelon
initiative and enterprise together with
generous support between now and
July 18. l am counting heavily on Won
this year, as pressure is being brought
to bear from other quarters to movs
the Festival. I have no intention Of
moving the Festival. In fact I am
planning for a more protracted uro.
gram at the Park at the earliest ON.
portunity.
The family is enjoying lite in Prince
ton. We have beautiful home, and
very convenient location. Ny work il
full of challenge in putting across Soma
new ideas in the field of religious edr.
cation and the arts. l make nv frs,
address this morning (Washington's
Birthday in the Chapel before the en-.
tire student body and many visitors
If the Park ever had chance to ba
again in the limelight it has this sum.
mer. DR.. Williamson is rated the most
effective choral director living TODAY
Wishing you Gods abundant bless.
ing, / remain.
Your native son,
FELIX G. ROBINSON
The Republican., 1937-02-25
To the Editor of The Republican:

To the Editor of The Republican:
I must try to describe Cathedral
service that 1 witnessed yesterday, be-
cause at Mt. Lake Park July 18th, this
year the leaders of this inspiring SER
vice will also lead in the Mountain
Choir Festival.
A reverent audience which filled the
nave of Princeton Cathedral heard a
service of Choral Vespers that trans
ported one and all to heavenly places.
This Cathedral is as large as any in
the country with the exception of st.
John The Divine, New York. The grey
sky outside did not apparently dimin-
ish the radiance of the stained-glass
windows above the apse and encircling
the clerestory. The deep blues and
reds, lent the granite pillars and vaul-
ted ceiling an intimate warmth-and
carried the vision above and beyond
stone and glass. 1t was the singing
of the great Westminster Choir of 100
voices. They snag program of Negro
Spirituals. 1 have heard spirituals all
my life, but never did / hear them so
full of enchantment, and the romance
of heaven, as 1 did yesterday. The
choral tone was so pure and lofty at
times that it seemed of its own momen-
tum to detach itself from the singers
and float off into infinite space. Their
white silk surplices and maroon cas-
soks-the solemn procession in the
The Republican., 1937-02-25

tor will preach on the subject, "Jesus
of Nazareth in the Shop" the third OF
a series of Lenten sermons on the
general theme of the humanity of the
Saviour.
Epworth League at 6:45 p. M, even
ing service at 1880.
Junior League every Wednesday
afternoon at 3:45.
The Republican., 1937-02-25

Miss Isabel Hamill will entertain
members of her bridge club at her
home this evening.
The Republican., 1937-02-25
Subscribe for The Republican.
st. PauI's Methodist Church

The Rev. w. S. Patterson, Minister.
Sunday, February % (Third Sun
day in Lent) Sunday school at 9:30 a.
M, public Worship at 10:45. The Pas