davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1937-07-25

expected repatriation OF French capital
remain, at this writing, still largely
in the form of rumor
In fact. it is doubtful whether they
can halt the flight of capital And if
it continues, the gold reserve OF the
Bank Of France will be gradually
Whitfield down to a smaller size. To-
day that gold reserve. which in 1881
reached the high peak of SO billion
francs. has fallen TO the level of 81
billions Of "Auriol' francs or 48 billions
Of "PolnCare' francs This is slightly
less than what is barely required to
enable the French nation to wage
the European war it may have 10 face
at any moment. For France must act
on the principle that henceforward
even in the most tragic emergency,
international borrowing would be out
OF the question. and the most favor
able attitude upon which We can rely
on the part of the United States. for
instance. corresponds to what has been
labeled the "cash-and-ca carry policy.
Mr.. Blum and socialist friends were
vehement in their denunciation Of a
plot of all investors, led by the banks.
The socialist ministers complained
that instead of turning over their
moneys to the government; the capi-
tahsts were vying with each other in
having them transferred into dollars
and sterling. They cast covetous eyes
upon the so or so billions of francs
which have found their way beyond
the frontiers and exclaimed:
IF only these funds could be
brought back within the circle of
French economy, the problem which
so sorely tries us would vanish and
our wonderful schemes of national
rehabilitation could be easily financed.
Then. large share of prosperity and
happiness would become available for
ALL
1t is very dangerous indeed for
ministers to think that it is within
their power to work miracles. that
past experience must not be taken as
guide-that they can turn this
dreary world Of ours into a paradise.
In their enthusiasm they will be IL
resistibly inclined to treat as public
enemies all who criticize or oppose
them-and even people who only strive
to safeguard their own possessions.
Being convinced that they were
confronted by plot. that money
wall had really been built up in order
to compel them to an early abject
surrender, Mr.. Blum and his Finance
Minister. Mr.. Auriol, were about to
devise DEGREES which, indirectly at any
rate, were intended to work more or
less like the famous Mussolinian de-
crees OF 1856 about the reQuisition
of Italian holdings in foreign lands
They were intent upon throwing a net
around the so or 60 billions of French
investments abroad. If the Senate
had not interposed with its veto about
the middle of June, it is hard to see
| whittier these rigorous measures would
have led the nation.
Let us not forget that. to enfoYe
ordinances of an analogous nature
Germany's Hitlerian government last
year had to go so far as to threaten
defaulters with capital punishment
Despite the Anglo -American-F French
monetary agreement of last October
and despite Mr.. Blum's well known
Evening star., 1937-07-25
BY GASTON NERVAL.
ATTN AMERICAN statesmen,

ATTN AMERICAN statesmen
who are cooperating with the
United States in building up
the peace machinery of this
tide OF the world. have welcomed Sec
fetary Hull's restatement of the posi-
zion OF the United States in the field
Of foreign affairs.
However. those who have played up
the second part of the secretary's
declaration OF policies-that part pro-
Tossing respect for international COM
pacts, repudiating force and indors-
ing peaceful, diplomatic means in the
solution Of external controversies
have missed the main significance of
the pronouncement.
There is nothing new in the asser-
sion that the United States believes
In the sanctity of treaties and that
II abhors war in the settlement OF
international differences. What is
more. there would be nothing new in
the repetition of similar pledges bv
any other country All civilized
nations are committed, with more or
less sincerity, to the observance of
written agreements and obligations
regulating their relations with one
smother. Even the most ambitious
governments, today. pretend to cover
their aggreSsions with renewed assur-
ances OF respect for international
treaties and for the rules of the law
OF the nations, which they interpret
TO suit their own purposes.
No Doubt About Claim.
In the case OF the United States
those assurances are sincere. at the
present moment probably more sincere
than those OF any other country, but
precisely because they are so, they
lose novelty. After four years of good
nelenoor' policy, after four wears of
practical demonstrations of the fact
that the United States has actually
become good neighbor in the Ameri-
can family of nations-"the neiphbor "
as President Roosevelt said on that
historic March 4th, who resolutelv
respects himself and because he does
80 respects the rights of others. the
nelghbOr who respects his obligations
ana respects the sanctity of his
agreements in and with world of
pelghbors $40 one could still doubt
the position of the United States in
the matter OF treaty observance,
The important part of the Secretary
III states pronouncement. rather than
this reiteration of policies already
known, was that in which he stated ;:
Any situation in which armed
hostlllties are in progress or are
threatened Is situation wherein
rights and interests of all nations
either are or may be seriously affected.
mere can be no serious hostilities
anywhere in the world which will not
one way or another affect interests or
rights or obligations of this country"
coming at time when the cries of
isolation are loudest in the United
States; when large section of public
opinion IN this country has already
been sold on the Illusion that it is
possible TO preserve the neutrality of
the worlds creditor in a ma ior armed
conflict outside this continent. and
when political leaders and editorial
orlters carry to extremes OF absurdity
their demands Of complete abstinence
OF even commercial relations with
torelgn countries at war, Secretary
Evening star., 1937-07-25
Nationwide 7. Y. AS Nearer

the hands Of the Federal Government
Use OF the method expressly pro-
Vlded in the Constitution for handling
situations and problems common tn
several States by agreements or COM
pacts has been urged by the chamber
III connection with flood control and
prevention Of stream pollution. It
rests upon recognition of the soveritn
capacities OF the States and the wis
dom of enabling them to conduct
JOINT activities Of local concern after
per1ectlng compacts in which they deal
directly with Congress. Under the
provisions Of these bills, however
there would be wide departure from
that method.
Not Timely Nor Justified"
The Tennessee Valley Authority was
avoWedly set up as an experiment.
Three hundred million dollars is the
cost to the public for the experiment
tnus far. The results have not vet
been demonstrated. It would appear
that the extension OF the experiment to
SIX more similar authorities spread
over the entire country is neither
timely nor justified"
And the Committee of Utility Ex-
ecutlves charges the whole idea "is
patiently plan to TVAize the nation.
1t further develops the broad outline
OF plan to destroy and displace the
private electric power industry by
subsidized competition"
Other critics charge that the estab-
hshment of the seven authorities
would result in public control of indus
try or of agriculture or both.
Wlthout hope Of effective argument
IL would seem that all these criticisms
contain fair degree of accuracy but
all OF them pass by the question Of
whether the greatest good to tn.
greatest number may not be served
oest by some such approach to 4
socialistic preservation and develon-
ment OF the oountrys natural re-
sources.
The alternatives are private develop
ment, frequently monopolistic condi-
tlon That is highly profitable to =
1ew and highly expensive to manv:
development by States, or outright
weste and neglect.
Many pros and cons already have
neen aired on the wisdom of priyate
control OF natural resources, and At
ene present time 1t has become more
political than a practical issue. Tc
escape the political, let US pass thi,
alternative.
States Unable to Handle II.
For a different reason, namely thu,
there is only one side to the ole.t,o,
we may ignore the alternative Of neg.
lectlng our natural resources
1here Is, then. the possibility q,
leaving such development to tn,
States.
The unwisdom Of such dependence !,
noted by the Technical Committee or
Regional Planning which points f,rs,
10 the arbitrary 'lasL on which Stat,
lines originally were drawn and thei,
total disregard Of aracteristics a
nature thus embraced. For instance
state boundaries along the Eastern
seaboard were determined by thu
early land patents and grants. In tn,
river valleys OF the central part O.
the continent, river bank communitie
were united into States when they be.
came numerous enough. In the far,
ther West, boundaries were hid ou
Evening star., 1937-07-25
Continued From First Page J

Continued From First Page)
fifth, the basins of the Arkansas, Red
and Rio Grande Rivers; sixth, the
basins OF the Colorado River and
others flowing into the Pacific south
Of the Oregon California boundary,
hnd seventh, the Columbia River basin.
Use Is Different.
1t Is In their contemplated utiliza-
tion OF the seven regions that the
House and Senate bills differ.
The former, in brief, provides for the
creation Of regional planning agen-
rles with power to make studies and
surveys, to coordinate the work of
Federal, State and local government
agencies within their areas, and to
recommend development projects to
the President and Congress. The
regional agencies would not have the
power themselves to undertake actual
development work
The Mansfield bill handles the power
development potentialities by author
l2lng the President, whenever in his
judgment the national public interest
or the interests of economy and eff
cheney will be served thereby" to ere.
ate regional power authorities to de-
Velop and sell electric power
Senator Norris, always a champion
OF public power development, combines
The planning and power schemes by
authorizing the seven administrative
authorities to proceed with power de-
velopment programs rather than
await appointment OF a separate
agency.
While this difference might easily
prove to be nothing more than aca-
demic. some supporters of the theory
of regional development feel very
strongly that the separation as pro-
vided in the House bill is desirable
since 1t places first emphasis on con-
servation and development of re-
sources and careful planning, whereas
the Norris bill might lead to hasty
efforts to extend the Governments s
participation in the power business.
Commerce Unit Hits Plan.
That this major difference in the
two bills Is not enough to appease
critics Of the whole scheme is obvious
from some Of the comment which
greeted introduction Of the measures
For instance, the United States
Chamber of Commerce sees in the two
proposals "the amazing extent tc
which the administration Is ready te
go In seizing for the Federal Govern.
ment control OF the country's natura
resources.
Although they differ somewhat ir
methods, both bills would abandon
principles Of national policy which thu
chambers membership has approved
THE flood control act enacted b,
Congress in 1886 incorporates princi
piles which the chamber supports
These principles include Federal Lead.
ership and continued use Of the Army
Engineers for surveys and execution
The legislation now proposed for new
regional Federal agencies would Gu
across these principles and turn ovel
to the new agencies functions nov
performed by the engineers.
The chambers membership ha
stood for the principle that control O
stream pollution is primarily for tn.
States and interested communities.
''The proposed legislation, however
would place the authority for handln,
this important problem directly II
Evening star., 1937-07-25
Colorado for Goa.

DENVER (Pl. - Biologists have
estimated that during the past IS
years nearly 37O.Ooo,OOO tons of coal
were mined in Colorado with value
of s785,0o0 900. or s4o,oo0,0O0 more
than the value of gold produced tn
the State during the same period.
Evening star., 1937-07-25


note in the Spanish situation. AS a
result, the inference was drawn in
London that the time had come to
resume negotiations with Adolf Hitler
with high hopes Of achieving a Euro
pean settlement. But. suddenly. in
June, it turned out that the moderat-
ing influence of Baron Won Neurath
was on the wane in Berlin, and that the
hotheads Of National Socialism were
in the ascendant. How shall we
account for that change, which indi-
Gates that Germany S more conciliatory
attitude on the international plane is
merely superficial and of tactical
nature?
Three factors are cited as the reason
for Der rFuehrers changed attitude :
The crisis of Stains dictatorship
which is supposed to imply weaken
ing of Soviet power. the governmental
monetary and social difficulties with
which the French have had to con-
tend; the capture Of Bilbao by the
Italian expeditionary corps under
Gen. Franco
Probably the developments in France
must rank first in that list AS long
Evening star., 1937-07-25
Balanced Budget Needed.

BY the fifth OF last March the gov
eminent at last was forced to realize
that it must decree a pause or q
"breathlng space ce'-that is. the in
definite postponement of additional
social legislation which could only
make the financial and monetary
problem more insoluble than ever
1t had been advised to show its deter
mination to balance the budget within
one or two years. But all the hopes
that arose from the initiation of that
conservative policy were crushed with
in a few weeks. by the intemperate
public speeches of some ministers.
Put in nutshell. the question
comes to this: Can a socialist reform
of society and the maintenance of the
capitalist structure be coupled TO-
gether? Except in the case of the
mild and adulterated socialism of Mr.
Ramsay Macdonald, the answer is in
the negative. They are exclusive of
each other. They cannot be more
easily mixed up than fire and water.
Therefore, the pretense of carrying
out true socialist reform of society
with the help and good will OF the
capitalist structure is an empty dream.
II that socialist reform of society has
to be translated into concrete deeds,
the capitalist structure has to be
pulled down and dictato torial methods
must be resorted to- Socialism cannot
get in like thief in the dark To win
it must behave as an ironclad warrior
On the whole, there is hardly any
alternative to the course of action
followed by Lenin, Mussolini and Hit
ler. Against the wall Of money"
a majority of votes will prove helpless
more often than not.
Chautemps' Task.
OF course, if the private investor
had not the opportunity to transfer
his funds into foreign currencies,
things would go differently. Then
the national sovereignty upon every
form of capital in the possession of
Frenchmen could be enforced at will.
Hitherto, it has been enforced only
in so much as it was welded by
ministers who could be regarded as
fairly respectful of the principle of
private ownership, within reasonable
bounds.
When it is said that the country
has been losing gold" that phrase
must be understood in relative sense
1t is strictly true only for the period
when financial. economic and budget
ary conditions hardly to be reconciled
with the continuation Of the capitalist
society are seen to obtain, or where
no minimum margin Of profit is
allowed to survive. The so to so
billion francs that have gone away
will be repatriated in the long run-As
soon as q national government which
knows how to do its job proves that
it Is determined to do away with old
abuses. The Chautemps cabinet, now
IN ONCE, may or may not prove to be
Evening star., 1937-07-25

and sincere determination TO remain
in the closest political and moral
association with Great Britain and
the United States, a first step would
have been taken in France toward the
creation OF totalitarian state. And
this step necessarily would have been
followed by many other steps. After
all, in Germany the mild dictatorship
OF BruninR paved the way for the thor
ough-going dictatorship of Adolf
Hitler. Exchange control marks the
initiation of the process.
The history of French finance and
Of French economy since last Autumn
fully accounts for the abstention of
the investors. as far as state borrow
ing Is concerned. In the first place.
production costs, notwithstanding the
devaluation Of the currency. have
again become higher than in England
and America. owing to the introduce
ton of the 40-hour week in an ex-
tensive manner. without any heed paid
TO the special conditions of each
particular industry. AS the outcome
OF continuous social unrest and of the
exclusive competence claimed by the
general confederation OF labor in the
| discussion of all problems which affect
employment, the productivity of the
average workman has been restricted
rather than expanded. This fact can
not but accentuate the all-round rise
OF prices and make the reforms still
more indlgestible by the economic
body.
No wonder that in those circum-
stances the theory OF the increased
purchasing power Of the masses
which, not without some justifca ton,
had been invoked in the preceding
Summer-When substantial additions
were made to the then low salaries in
existence-has broken down. On the
top OF that failure too often inexpert
financial management has consistently
discouraged the return of capital funds
! to France-those capital funds so
badly needed. state borrowing left
apart, to transform industrial plants
so as TO make them able to withstand
the impact of the reduction of working
hours and to recover their margin of
profit.
The Valley settler., 1937-12-23
lECHAII GAL EQUIPl.ENT FOR
 CLEARING BEING OVERHaULED

At the present tiuc tic nechani cs at tie garage are working on the mechanical equipment, including cats and bu1ldo gers, getting then n shape for tho large amount of cloerina; that is expected to be done this sumner.
 Tl.o f.ora-o advises that tley do not ox- poet to do any work until about June whom the frost will be cut of the ground. Tley Lave ocoi ved requests to use the 6ulldozors for stuaping this vi ntor but they feel this is inadvi s'.blo as tt is not very practi cal. If s jumps ire renewed during the VT ntcr months, it means nany Of th0 roots gro left ia the 1round. This means Q lot aoro picking up to be done in tLo spring 0nd great .IanJ noro blows broken. "AtoGoth thor," " sn,-s Bob Laurie, "winter oul13ozin1 is unsati sfactory both frcn tic standpoint Of tic faruor's extra work and tLo life of the nocilcni col oquipaont. To want t. rivo tLc farmers as good jo6 VIC possi bly can ct the least expcn so.H
The Valley settler., 1937-12-23
GARAGE LAYOUT WILL BE CHANGED NEXT L.ONTE

CHANGED NEXT LONTE Ri ght after the first Of the year, tho garage proaises Q change in it's layout Thi ch is designed to give greater service to the customer, according to Robert Laurie, manager of tho garage. At the present tino t!.oro is only room fer two c0rs to be ropairdd at enc tine in thc snail portion of tho building on tllo souti, sido wl.ich is now being uso6 for thct york The GaraGo management is nou planning to re-orran 70 tke building so that all mechanical equipment and the repair service will be on tho north end 0f tl.o building where thoro is considerably nero room. It vi Il then Do possi bio to scrvi ce four cars at ono tine.
 Tho south side of tho building will ten De devoted to 9 now retail 3opartlent. Counters will be placed in tho front of the building end Q full line Of tires end tubes, Eastern Oil cnd Pyroil. and auto Iobilo equipment will De hondl cd fer the retail trade. Thoy expect to be able to speed up service at the gasoline pump inasnuch as thcro vi Il be sonc enc n the retail department close to tho pump. T!4o Gorclse expects to conclude crraHsgo- nents early next month to havo on a-oacy for ErestOnc products.
The Valley settler., 1937-12-23
Fl Lih-QualitL loat..or

Don't forget to turn in the money for the Chris tIlcs Seals sent you before the first Of tl.c yoar.
The Valley settler., 1937-12-23
HATCHEnT A,.LOUUCES CHICK
 ORDERS TA1EI NEXT A!OUTH

J-lI-Ilo LIAllL.- l'llAL NlU4.IIl In limo vi th the plan to deliver clicks to tic fan4ors oarlior this sear, Lax Sl.crrod, ger cf tho hatchery, wants all t.-osc interested in eli cl1s this conin3 year to si n up for the nunoor tLoy want and the delivery. He will be roads- to take tt.eso orders bof~inninC cn M-ndny, JnlIuary IT, and expects tko first let f custon. !.atchodchi cgls will be roady for do1ivory--9 days olG--obcrt the aidd1o Of March. He su Yests that any enc want ing eli c1s s..cu' {, plan to cone to tllo hatchery office on CT after January F to si n up.
 TE SEE THAT tIc grocery department of the Trading Post has ins stalled sono sprays to keep tho vegetables iron dryin{y cut.
The Valley settler., 1937-12-23

ANDY tolls us t would bo rood idea f. all chicken growers to mako . practi co using Black Loaf-4O occasional ly on the roosts. This will kill lice or mites fa help to keep chickens heal thy.
  QUo4ATIoNs TO F4lFl-ERs are unchanged tAi: week.
The producers news. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1918-1937, 1937-02-26
Farm LIE Decays Because
OF Choppers and Tenants

WASHINGTON - (FP) - Re
sources of the entire social order
are being Slapped by the prevalence
of farm tenancy and the operation
of the share-cropping system, the
Presidents committee on arm tn
ancy reported here.
President Roosevelt submitted 20
Congress the report and asked that
action be taken. lie failed t. sub.
nit any recommendation 0. h
own, saying, "Most American be
lieve that our form OF government
does not prohibit action on behalf
of those who need help"
Four lines of action are outlined
in the report of the committee
They are ~ opening OF the doors
of ownership to tenants, co loan-
to tenants for land purchase and
replacement of other loans, CT
retirement by public agencies Of
land unsuited for farming and, Cd
cooperation with state ard lo,a
governments to improve the gen
eral leasing system.
In speaking Of the standards o
living of sharecroppers and faTE
tenants, the Presidents co1lmittc
reported, "The extreme poverty o
one-fifth to one-fourth OF the far
population reflects itself in
standard of living below any levc
of decency.
| Large families of tenants o
The producers news. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1918-1937, 1937-02-26

disease and malnutrition are the
common lot of many sharecroppers
and tenant farmers in the south.
A committee has studied the
matter, it has made report to the
President and the President has
sent a message to Congress about
farm tenancy. Whether the mat
ter will rest there remains to be
seen but a great many people are
going to go around for the next
weeks and months praising the
great humanitarian administra-
ton for it's efforts on behalf OF
the sharecroppers and tenant Tar
mers.
Until the tenant farmers and
sharecroppers organized and rails
ed hell no one paid any attention
to them. The incident furnishes 9
good lesson for labor. Until labor
organizes and raises hell for high
er wages and shorter hours, no on'
is going to pay any attention tC
it, either.
The producers news. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1918-1937, 1937-02-26

The COMMITTEES roeomn.,..,
that states guarantees ~ -.
groups and enforce The rigA,. -
peaceful assembly and o. orS..,.
cation to achieve their lsritln...
Objectives." The eommitts. 49,.
cOntended that landlords 49,
times have grievances and 49,
mended that committees o. $40
tration be called upon 70 aas.i.
disputes.
w. L. Blackstone. representa-,
the Southern Tenant Farmsa -
ion on the committee, dlgssat.a
from the report arguing. amor
other things, that the civil Ina
ties section was not strong enonvb
"As those who have been beat.0
and terrorized-and some Of y.
forced to flee for our Gves-in-ou,
struggle to pull ourselves up v
Of our slough Of misery. We kaSv
that a few words from FespOnsihl.
federal officials on behalf Of On,
constitutional civil rights WOald
have helped in our past hattlss
and will help In the ones We kaSw
are yet to come. The problem
should not be passed over TO TIE
states 80 lightly" he said.
Edw. A. O'Neal, president 0,
the Farm Bureau Federation, Oh
jected in committee to th inclusion
Of the civil liberties section Of u,
report, It was learned.