Evening star., 1937-01-05
Congress
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In Nebraska today, where the new
unicameral legislature-a one-house
legislature-opened yesterday for the
first time. The Nebraska Senator was
the chief sponsor Of the change in the
form Of the State Legislature and
forced through constitutional
amendment in 1884 election.
In the House Representative Sam
Rayburn Of Texas, the choice of the
Democratic caucus for floor leader.
was congratulated on all sides on his
victory. John O'Connor of New York.
his defeated opponent. took the re-
verse in good spirit. The contest for
the floor leadership-regarded as q
stepping stone to the Speakership
whenever q vacancy in the latter office
occurs-was bitter, however. Whether
this battle within the ranks of the
House Democrats will leave scars and
cause trouble in the future only time
will tell.
Many Important Decisions.
The opening Of the new Congress is
virtually the beginning Of the Roose-
welt second administration, although
the President will not be formally in
augurated until January 20 for his
new term Of ONCE.
It was the first time in history that
new Congress came into being be-
fore the Inauguration of the newly
elected President. The lame duck"
amendment to the Constitution, doing
away with the old short sessions of
the Congress, made the change neces-
sary.
The ever-increasing interest in what
the administration plans to do about
legislation controlling hours and wages
OF labor in industry was manifest at
the Capitol today. With strikes un-
derway and threatening in many
places. the question Of industrial peace
became as important as world peace.
So many issues, 50 much legislation
must be handled by the Congress as
sembling today that the session is ex-
pected to run far into the Summer
or even to the Fall.
Candidates Presented.
Three candidates for Speaker Of the
House were presented, Speaker Bank
head of Alabama, the nominee Of the
Democrats: Representative Smell OF
New York, Republican, and Repre-
sentative George J. Schneider Of Wis
consin, who was put forward by the
handful Of Progressive and Farmer
Labor congressman.
Schneider issued . statement in
which he expressed qualification at
being selected by the Progressives as q
candidate for Speaker.
Il deem it an honor" he said, ito
be one Of the two minority candidates
and to stand for Progressive prin-
ciples, principles which are being in
creasingly accepted not only in Wis
consin and Minnesota but through
out this land. We may sum up these
fundamental principles In two
| words: Industrial Democracy.
The Progressive and Farmer
Labor group realizes that the Supreme
Court and its Interpretation Of Ger
tain phases Of the Constitution Is an
obstacle in the path Of the realization
OF our program. The Seventy fifth
Congress will be called upon to meet
this problem Of the Supreme Courts
Interpretation of the Constitution.
Will the majority party face it? We
Progressives believe that it must and
should be squarely met"
Spectators Come Early.
An hour before time for convening
House and Senate galleries began
filling.
Newsreel, radio and camera men
spent the morning arranging equip
ment and installing row Of food
lights across the ceiling In the House.
Senator Bridges, Republican, Of New
Hampshire was the first new member
to reach the Senate. Dressed In q
frock coat. he was accompanied by
Senator Vandenberg. Republican. Of
Michigan.
Senator Borah, Republican, Of
Idaho, one Of the last to arrive, went
straight to Senator Glass. Democrat
Of Virginia to congratulate the Vir-
ginian on his 10th birthday anniver-
sary yesterday.
Promptly at noon Vice President
Garner walked in and raped fol
order.
The House was called to order by
South Trimble, its clerk. The reading
Of the long roll of members was i'm.
mediately begun to develop . quorum
Floor Leader Rayburn sat In the
bench usually occupied by the ma.
| jority leader. Across the aisle from
him was Representative Doughton Of
North Carolina, chairman Of the i'm
portsnt Ways and Means Committee
In the same row was Representative
SABBATH Of Illinois, . veteran Of the
House.
G. O. r. Ranks Reduced.
On the Republican side Of the aisle
were the much reduced ranks OF the
q. o. p. Outstanding among them
was Smell Of New York, the Repub-
lican leader; Treadway and Martin OF
Massachusetts,, Bacon Of New York
and Mapes and woodruff Of Michigan
Mrs. Edith Nourse Rogers Of Massa-
chusetts, who has served . dozen
years in the House and who was re-
elected by q big majority. was one OF
the few women on the House floor to-
day. Two former Republican members
Of the House, absent from the last
Congress, were present today, both
vatarans Roherk IaIce Of MaAgaEhus
setts and Oadus DoWell Of Iowa.
] Frank Hsvsnnsr q oa,foeniA. yEe-