davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1937-02-26
NEW TRADE PACTS=.
EXPECTED SOON
Senate Approval Sends Ex-
tension Bill to Write
House.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
Extension OF the Presidents power
to make reciprocal trade agreements
cleared the way today for seeking
pacts with Great Britain. Australia
and other nations.
Senate approval. SO to "a, sent a
three-year extension of the trade
agreements law to the White House
last night for signature. The original
grant Of power would have ended in
June.
Among the IS nations which signed
trade agreements with the United
States during the last three years are
Canada, Cuba, Brazil, France. Bel
gium, the Netherlands, Switzerland
and Sweden.
State Department officials hope to
negotiate possibly dozen more agree
ments this year.
Walter Runciman, president Of the
British Board Of Trade, talked with
President Roosevelt in January about
trade relations.
Australian Pact Seen.
Observers saw hopes for a trade
understanding between the United
States and Australia in the assign
ment of an Australian diplomatic
representative to Washington.
The act gives the President power
to cut the levies imposed by the
Hawley-Smoot tariff act of 1880 as
much as so per cent in exchange for
equivalent reductions by other nations.
This policy, which Secretary Hull
urged to stimulate world trade for the
United States, became an issue during
the 1885 presidential campaign.
Campaign arguments were heard
again in the three-day Republican at
tack on the bill in the Senate. OPP
ponents called the trade pacts detri-
mental to American agriculture and an
unconstitutional delegation of con-
gressional powers to the President.
A group of Southern and Western
Democrats, led by Pepper and Andrews
of Florida and Ellender and Overton
Of Louisiana, tried to amend the bill
to prevent cutting farm tariffs below a
level which would protect Americans
against lower cost of production
abroad.
The amendment was adopted Al to
SO. but was rejected on a second vote,
42 to SO.
Evening star., 1937-02-26
Bar Leader Again Hits Plan.

ST. PAUL, February 26 tP).-Fred-
erick H. Stinchfleld of Minneapolis,
president of the American Bar Asso-
citation, yesterday emphasized his pre-
vious assertion that President Roose-
velt's proposal to reorganize the Su-
preme Court would result in destruc-
ton of the Supreme Court and the
change of the fundamental principles
of the Constitution"
Speaking before members OF the
Minnesota Federation OF Women's
Clubs in their mid-Winter meeting
here, Stinchfield defended the legal
profession against charges Of "con-
servatism."
People charge we are conservative,
that We cling to the past" he said.
Perhaps it would be well for those
who make such charges to wonder
what there is in the world that is
really new. and whether it isn't often
true that, as to many of the pro-
posals made generation after gen.
Grafton, what is good is not new, and
what is new Is not good"
Evening star., 1937-02-26
.BORAH'S PROPOSAL
GOES BACK TO 1868.
Would Revive Philosophy of
Due Process That Died
Shortly After.

Senator Borah's proposal to restrict
the application of the due process of
law clause Of the fourteenth amend
ment to matters Of procedure would
revive a judicial philosophy that ex-
pired with the business boom after
the Civil War.
Should his proposed amendment be
adopted, a State law could not be
declared unconstitutional under the
due process clause so long as the pro-
cedural requirements of adequate
notice and a fair trial were safe
guarded Originally this was the legal
concept of the meaning of due process
of law, but in this country there
gradually developed a philosophy that
the meaning Of the phrase applied as
well to the substance Of legislation.
The recent. Supreme Court decision
invalidating the New York minimum
wage law for women Is a case in
point.
Contract Right Held Injured.
In a five-to-four decision. the JUS
tices upheld lower court ruling that
the statute, requiring that women be
paid a living wage commensurate with
the value Of their services, violated
the due process clause Of the four
teenth amendment because it de-
prived women of the right to contract
freely with employers The right to
contract is a property right, and the
amendment says no State shall de-
prive any person of life. liberty or
property without due process OF law.
The courts examined the substance
of the law and decided the abridge-
ment of the freedom Of contract
violated the meaning of due process.
Under Senator Borah's amendment,
they could not have examined the
substance of the act. but could only
have made sure the offending employer
was given adequate notice and a falr
trial after the violation.
Originally, the fourteenth amend
ment was adopted in 1858 to protect
newly freed Southern slaves. But its
original purpose was all but forgotten
in the expansion Of business activity
after the war.
Used Much by Corporations.
It was used extensively by attorneys
for corporations and other business
concerns as a weapon to strike down
State laws to which their clients were
opposed.
The "due process" provision Of the
fourteenth amendment is the same
that is in the fifth amendment, one Of
the 10 adopted in 1871 to protect the
rights of the people. The fifth amend
ment was a restriction on the Federal
Government, while the fourteenth ap-
piled only to States.
What constitutes "due process Of
low" has never been defined exactly
except as specific cases have come
before the courts One authority
called it the "law Of the land"
due process" is one of the prime
issues in the litigation now before the
court involving constitutionality OF
the national labor relations act. Thai
is a Federal law, however.
Evening star., 1937-02-26
PUSHES
SOFT COAL ACTION
Must Be Done
About Industry This
Session, He Says.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
President Roosevelt said today
something had to be done about the
soft coal industry at this session Of
Congress.
He said he had not seen the new
Guffey bill to stabilize the industry
but in response to questions at a press
conference said action on some plan
was essential soon.
He reiterated that low-cost housing
legislation should be passed this ses-
sion and that the Wagner bill, al
ready introduced, was the subject Of
conferences going ON between con-
gressional leaders and various depart
mental experts.
Asked about reports that radical
changes are being considered in his
executive reorganization program, the
President said he had not heard Of
them and had not discussed the de-
partmental reorganization questions
with any one for three weeks.
Senator Nicely, Democrat, Of West
Virginia, chairman of Senate Inter-
state Commerce Subcommittee, said
today his group probably would report
favorably the Guffey-Vins coal con-
troll bill to the full committee by
March 6
Neely's comment conceded with al
assertion by Representative Casey,
Democrat, Of Massachusetts,, that the
bill would ruin the coal industry"
Casey, who has introduced bill to
create Federal coal trade commits
sion, contended the Guffey-Vinson
measure was unconstitutional" He
said passage of the bill would be a
prelude to Government price-fixing
in all commercial fields"
Another coal bill was introduced
yesterday by Representative Sauthoff,
Progressive, of Wisconsin, who pro-
posed naturalization of the indus
try. Sauthoff described his bill as
designed to better the economic con-
dition Of the miners, over the price
of coal to consumers and stabilize
the industry generally.
His bill would provide for acquisition
Of coal properties by contract, If pos
sible, otherwise by condemnation.
Evening star., 1937-02-26
Congress in Brief
TODAY.

Senate:
4 Takes up bill to permit voluntary
retirement of Supreme Court justices
ut TO-
:, Agriculture Subcommittee continues
hearings on crop insurance bill.
House:
In recess.
Merchant Marine Committee holds
hearings on radio sea safety devices.
Rivers and Harbors Committee con-
siders Michigan, Connecticut and
Maryland projects.
TOMORROW.
Senate: s-..
. Is not expected to be in session.
House:
-, VIII not be in session.
Subcommittee on appropriations In
charge Of District supply bill resumes
hearings at 10 am. e.. - ~.
Evening star., 1937-02-26
MRS. NELLIE SCHR0TH
FUNERAL RITES HELD
Requiem Mass Held in st. Joseph's
Church-Burial Was in Mount
Olivet Cemetery.

Funeral services of Mrs. Nellie
Schroth, 70, who died Wednesday at
her home, 702 Maryland avenue
northeast, were held at her former
residence this morning. Requiem
mass was also held in st. Joseph's
Church, followed by burial in Mount
Olivet Cemetery.
Mrs. Schroth, widow of the late
Anton T. Schroth, prominent business
man here. failed to rally from q
seven-week illness.
Surviving are two sons, John and
Norman c.; a daughter, Elizabeth; a
sister, Mrs. Marguerite McDershott;
three grandchildren and a great
grandson, al Of this city, and q Sec
ond sister. Mrs. Elizabeth Mckay OF
San Diego, Calf. >.
Evening star., 1937-02-26
DOUGLAS STRIKERS IN JAIL,
Pickets Recruited to Garry on" Fight
Against Plane Plant.

Against Plane Plant.
LOS ANGELES, February 2e (P.-
Union organizers recruited pickets to-
day SO the strike will go on" as 341
sit-down strikers were fingerprinted in
Jail here after being led by gun-armed
police from the Douglas aircraft plant
at Santa Monica.
The pickets will be cat all the
gates" declared James Carter, the
strikers attorney.
Singing and shouting, the sit-down
group gave up its three-day possession
of the plant yesterday, insisting they
did so only because they had been as
sured their cases would be heard
quickly.
Previously some had declared they
were ready to die" rather than
give up.
THE strike will go on until we force
Douglas to abide by the law in recog-
nizing our union UNITED Automobile
Workers Of AmericaD and granting our
| just demands" for union recognition,
wage and hour changes" strike leaders
said.
Asserting he had not been notified
Of any demands. Donald w. Douglas,
president of the worlds largest air
craft plant, announced willingness to
meet ANY legitimate labor group"
Pickets Organized.
William Busick and Andrew Schmold-
er, organizers for the United Automo-
bile Workers, aircraft division, OBJ
tanned release late last night on 81 1000
bonds and today organized pickets.
The sit-down strikers surrendered
after q tense afternoon in which vio-
lence at times seemed inevitable.
More than 300 peace officers, armed
with machine guns, tear gas bombs,
clubs and pistols, surrounded the plant.
They held warrants charging the
strikers with conspiracy to violate
California laws against forcible entry
and trespassing. The warrants were
issued on county grand jury indict-
ments.
Inside the plant the strikers stacked
ordinary gas pipe, Is inches or so in
length. Then they opened tins Of
| gasoline and set the fuel near alrplane
| framework. The order came to dis
mount fire extinguishers.
Whats the idea starting fire if
we're going to put it out?" one man
asked.
These amt for the fire, hammer
head; these are to squirt in the cops
faces" another replied.
Labor Board Aide Heard.
DR.. Towne Nylander, director of the
Federal Regional Labor Board, ad-
dressed them shortly after shout
was heard from inside.
We'll die rather than leave"
Carter said in q statement Nylander
assured the men that not later than
March s . hearing would consider
their charges the Douglas COM
! pany discharged union men, refused
Evening star., 1937-02-26

about May Is and to report at Max
well Field, Montgomery. Ala, about
September Z as a student in the
Air Corps Tactical School for the
1878 course.
The son Of Bishop John Chanler
White, Springfield, Ill. and a de-
Scendant of Gen. Francis Marion,
Swamp Fox of Revolutionary fame,
and of John C. Calhoun, Capt. White
is we'll known here. He served two
tours of duty at Boiling Field and
married the former Miss Rebekah
Blaine LipScomb of this city, .
granddaughter Of the late James G.
Blaine
Evening star., 1937-02-26
FIERCE BATTLE AT WAUKEGAN.
Officers Use Trojan Horse" 10 Force
Strikers Out.

CtrlkeTS Out.
WAUKEGAN, ILL.,, February 26 (R.-
Sheriff's deputies stormed the Fansteel
Metallurgical Co.'S plants today and
evicted 81 sit-down striker in bat
tie Of tear gas ana missiles that lasted
an hour and half.
They leaped in a surprise attack at
windows of the two buildings in North
Chicago which the sit-downers had
held for 10 days. They peppered hun
dreds of tear gas shells into the shat
tered windows. beat at nailed doors
and then stepped back while the
strikers scrambled outside, coughing
and weeping.
It was the first forcible ousting of
sit-downers in Illinois. one of the first
in the Nation.
Only a week ago the sit-downers
had repulsed an army Of 1875 deputies,
beating them of with volleys Of acid,
bolts, pulleys and other missiles.
Officers Strategy.
Better strategy, personnel and equip
ment turned the tide of today's attack
If favor of so men led by Sheriff l.. A..
Doolittle.
In contrast to the rambling group
of hastily recruited special deputies
which was beaten off last Friday.
Sheriff Doolittle led a picked group of
uniformed regular deputies and police
men in today's onslaught.
They struck swiftly before dawn.
They caught the sleeping sit-downers
off guard. They stormed both build
ings-No. and No. simultaneously.
But what swung the tide Of battle
was a makeshift Trojan horse
an 18-foot battle" tower of wood and
composition boards mounted on q
truck.
On each of its two landings stood
three deputies, firing tear gas guns
through portfolios. The truck drove
in close to No. 3 and from the level
of the windows the marksmen opened
fire behind their protective shield.
The cartridges knocked down card
board which the strikers had placed
over windows shattered in last weeks
assault.
Gas Grenades Hurled.
In the background. other officers
threw gas grenades until a cloud OF
gas billowed into the plant and over
the factory grounds.
Shortly the doors Of plant No. 3
were thrown open and the strikers
emerged pellmell. They fed to the
fence gates and disappeared. The
wooden horse" moved on to plant
No. S and the procedure was repeated.
Defenders of No. dashed out, wip-
ing their eyes, and disappeared in
the darkness.
Off1cers made no attempt to stop
them. Sheriff Doolittle threw guards
around the property, then gave his
deputies q list of 81 men who were
in the plant al the start of the sit
down February II.
The sheriff ordered them rounded
up for appearances before Circuit
Judge Ralph ]. Dady, who issued q
temporary injunction against the sit
downers and followed it with attach.
ments for their arrest after they de-
clined to vacuate.
Max swiren, company counsel, said
an attachment had also been issued,
Evening star., 1937-02-26
ANTIQUES
FOUR AND SIX-POUND
ROASTING CHICKENS

olsA.
ANTIQUES
FOUR AND SIX-POUND
ROASTING CHICKENS
X
PASTIME.
A SOMEWHAT effeminate ladies'
tailor in Washington was talking
the other day with a client about a
prominent Government official who
was brought up in the Middle West
by several aunts and who learned to
tat when he was II or l2. The tailor
paused in the midst of fitting to ex-
plain, But, you know, know naval
officer who does beautiful embroidery
and he isn't bit sissy either"
y X x
ONWARD AND UPWARD.
MISS ANNA REH works for the
Government, so she couldn't say
much when the Government needed
the Mayfair Apartments for offices and
dispossessed all the tenants. She
found herself another home up near
Nineteenth and Eye streets. Funny
thing, though. The insurance agent
for the Prudential Co. with which
she deals, was Mr. Moore when she
lived down at Twenty-f1rst and C
streets. The one who comes to see
her now about her policies Is Mr.
Muchmore.
Evening star., 1937-02-26
Proposal Is Opposed.

SYRACUSE, N Y, February 26 up.
The Associated Industries of New
York, Inc, through its directors and
advisory council, went on record yes
terday in opposition to President
Roosevelt's Supreme Court proposals.
The resolution, while it did not OBJ
ject to more Supreme Court justices.
objected to the Presidents plan for in
creaSing the number.
Evening star., 1937-02-26
D. c. JAIL WAGE BOOST
FAVORED BY CITIZENS
Repeal of Red Rider Also Asked
by Dahlgren Group in
Executive Meeting.

Repeal of the "red rider" and a
five-and-one-half-day week, with
substantial increase in wages for en-
ployes of the District Jail, were voted
in two resolutions passed at an execu-
tive meeting OF the Dahlgren Terrace
Citizens Association last night in the
home of the president, John P. Ca
hill, 1886 Tenth street northeast.
In indorsing the jail resolution the
organization asked that hours and
wages of employees be brought up TO
the same standard as Federal penal
institutions
The committee also heard reports on
the membership drive and plans for
card party to be held March IL in
Crosby Noyes School.
Evening star., 1937-02-26
To Attend League Session.

BERKELEY, Calf, February 26 t4l
DIR. Henry F. Grady, University Of
California College Of Commerce dean.
was en- route to New York today
where he will sail for Geneva, Switzer-
land, to attend a session of the. League
of Nations Raw Materials Committee
on which he is the only American rep
resentative.
Evening star., 1937-02-26
SODA CLERK DIES
Youth Told Hospital Physicians
He Took Poison Tablets

Woodrow Barnes, %, 1870 Harvard
street, who went to Emergency Hos
pltal in taxicab early Monday and
informed physicians that he had taken
Is poison tablets, died today in GAL
Iinger Hospital, where he had been
transferred.
Barnes was soda clerk in a store
at Fourteenth and F streets. He had
been in Washington about six months.
His body will be taken to his home at
Wilson, N. c., for burial.
Evening star., 1937-02-26
Farmers Support Urged.


RALEIGH. N c., February 26 tP.-
Claude T. Hall of Person County,
chairman OF the Tobacco Growers Ad-
visory Committee, urged farmers last
night to support President Roosevelt's
Supreme Court reorganization plan as
q means of Federal crop control.
Asserting that tobacco compact
legislation had failed because the
Georgia and South Carolina Legisla-
lures had refused to pass production
agreements, Hall said "the only thing
left for us at this time, therefore. Is
to turn our attention to washington
and put forth our best efforts to
obtain some sort of Federal control"
In an open letter to members OF
his committee Hall said it was impor-
tant for farmers to "get in touch with
their CongreSSmen and urge their
support of the Presidents judiciary
reform plan"
Last November you voted in no
uncertain terms your approval OF
President Roosevelt's New Deal poll
cies to help place agriculture on a
sounder economic basis" Hall wrote.
THE President, having interpreted
this mandate from the people to pur-
she further his policies, is now en-
gagged in a life-and-death battle to
remove some legal barriers which
stand between success and prosperity
on one hand and individual competi-
ton and servitude on the other"
Evening star., 1937-02-26

his pay to be cut. Senator Robinson
insisted that members of the Supreme
Court who have served to ripe old
age ought not to be forced to take
the chance Of having their salaries
cut after they have resigned.
Evening star., 1937-02-26

two years as :
sistant milit
attache and ;
s:stant NIL.
alta che for {
- Italy and
assistant a mill.c
attache for :
to Greece. /
was the (
Army represe2t =
tive to rea !
Moscow in II
years when he
reported there in
January. 1884,
Capt White Is
Evening star., 1937-02-26
TAFT'S SON CALLS
FOR AMENDMENT.
Opposes Presidents Court
Plan to Accomplish
"Necessary Ends"
~ the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
NEW ORLEANS, February 26.-
Charles P. Taft. I'd. lawyer, Of Gin
cinnati and son of the late President
Taft. said here yesterday he was op-
posed to President Roosevelt's Supreme
Court reorganization plan.
1.-THE issues" Taft said, "are social
insurance, minimum wages, maximum
hours and the control of the produc-
ton Of certain natural resources. prin-
cipally agricultural.
Il favor the passage Of q fairly
specific amendment to the Constitu-
ton to accomplish the desired and
necessary ends.
But am opposed to the Presidents s
method to pack the Supreme Court.
The Presidents proposal, If
adopted, would accomplish no lasting
purpose. All prior attempts to pack
the Supreme Court have failed"
Evening star., 1937-02-26
OFFICER ORDERED
BACK FROM ITALY
Capt. White, Army Air Corrc,
Served Diplomatic Posts
Abroad.

Capt. Thomas Dresser White, Arm
Air Corps, first assistant military
attache to Russia after diplomatic re-
lations were resumed, has been c.
dered back TO the United States frlrl
Rome, the War Department a
nounced today.
Evening star., 1937-02-26
LEGION EXERCISES
Fort Stevens Post Meets at Paul
Junior High.

Fort Stevens Post. No. 80, of the
American Legion held its third an
nual community patriotic exercises at
the Paul Junior High School last
night.
Pennsylvania addressed the group.
Medals were presented to student
winners of the recent essay contest
in the II northwest graded and paro-
chial schools.
Evening star., 1937-02-26

Whether or not her apartment rent
corresponds with these changes in
designation, she doesn't say.
X X X X
EMERGENCY.
Out in front OF q house in George
toWn-bet,Deen Thtrty-third and
Thirty-t fourth, on 20" to be enact
there stand tuo permanent "Emer-
gency-No Parking" signs. No,D
some of the residents are just pon-
dering Dhether Jimmie Roosevelt is
the "energency."
Evening star., 1937-02-26
ART EXHIBIT TODAY
Lecture to Accompany Display Of

Young Washingtonians.
A private lecture and exhibit of
water colors by young Washington
artists has been arranged at the Carl
ton Hotel at S pm. today by Eric F.
Menke, who recently exhibited the
collection at Frankfort-on-the-Main,
Germany.
Among artists whose works will be
shown are Rowland Lyon, Phil Bell,
who has worked on q number of
murals for Federal buildings; Mitchell
Jamison, now painting in the Virgin
Islands, and r. A. Jansen.
Evening star., 1937-02-26
First Book on New York.

The first book in English on the
province of New Yor,'. was "A Brief
Description of New York" written by
Daniel Denton, a planter, in 1910.
Evening star., 1937-02-26
EXPLAINED.
OPERATIVE 13 has been doing scr1e

research on Thomas Jefferson,
and discovers that T. j. was Cd much
annoyed at the editing done on the
Declaration of Independence by the
Continental Congress and CD much
amused at the reason why the states
men didn't demand more changes than
they did. This reason being that the
Congress was meeting in building
which was next door to livery stable
and the flies were so troublesome
biting silk-stockinged legs that the
gentlemen were anxious to get through
with the business.
Evening star., 1937-02-26
\ X * X
SPEAKER.

Huron Clego, the Cleog part OF it
is right anyho,D, is a research spe-
ciulist of the Social Security Board
and q big man in local University OF
Wisconsin alumni circles.
He Uas dotUn for a speech at the
last banquet OF the group here and
If you think he was good, you
should haue heard the one he uould
haze made. The reason he did not
make the better speech ,Uas that he
could not find his jokes. Wouldn't
trust his secretary tctth them but
kept them himself instead. When
it came time to make the speech,
he could not find the Jokes.
Evening star., 1937-02-26
Washington
Wayside
Tales
Random Observations
Of Interesting Events
and Things.
BEAUTY.
YENNIE GOODMA !, whose ma

YENNIE GOODMA' whose name
has appeared in this column
so often that, through sheer
- boredom, we are going to start
misspelling it, called up yesterd- J
to report on the war between physi-
clans and cosmeticianS.
One of her doctors, q skin specialist,
recently told her about people in the
cosmetic trade; told her, she says,
that the latter are his better GUS
toners.
They come here" she quotes the
specialist, Ito get their compilations
fixed up so they can cite themselves
as perfect products Of their own
lotions, etc."
Evening star., 1937-02-26
TRUTH.

7 P. CHITTENDEN says he has
discovered farmer who prob
ably tells the truth in his advertising.
While motoring on a Virginia road
Evening star., 1937-08-15
GLOVER PARK.

Located on the highest section over
looking the city and Potomac River All
brick, u rooms. colorful baths, recrea-
non room. :!-car brick garage. Large,
altIacuve Kitchen with breakfast nook
Automatic gas heat, and many other
features that can be appreciated only by
an inspection. Call Cley 4444 for ap-
pOintment