davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times., 1937-07-24
Down at Heel
Homes Scarce
Abroad
Manufacturer Urq e S
Low-Cost Projects
In United States

NEW YORK, July 24.-The ira
dition that the average American
working class family is much bet
ter housed than similar families
in Europe received a rude shock
today, when American housing
was compared with housing de-
veloped for low-income groups in
many northern and central Euro
pean countries.
This is the conclusion reached
by B. G. Dahlberg, president OF
the Celotex Corporation, after a
six-week study Of housing and con-
Struction conditions abroad.
Dahlberg's observations were
made with an eye trained for
building details during 100 years
of close association with the con
Struction industry. Housing made
available to the poorer families IN
many countries of Europe, he told
the press on returning to the
United States, shows progress far
beyond our own and should serve
as q challenge to builders here.
He said:
VISITED SLUMS
"Everywhere / went, in Aus
tria, Germany, Holland, Dem
mark, Sweden, in every large
city that I visited, my first
request was, Take me to your
slumS, where your lOweSt-paid
workers Eve.' In city after city
I saw lOw-rent housing projects
in operation that compared
favOrabIy with some of our sub
urban developments for relative
~ well-tO-dO Americans.
Because the cost per unit
can be reduced, the movement
toward multiple housing is adj
vanced for those we would class
as very poor. Developments for
the middle-claSs white collar
worker are about evenly divided
between large multiple family
units and the smaller detached
multiple units which house
from one to four families.
POOLS INCLUDED
you will find very few down
at the heel houses wherever
you 60 in Sweden. And very
nearly the same condition ap-
piled to Holland, Germany and
Austria. In model housing prof
ects that / inspected in these
north and central European
countries children were at play,
not in traffic endangered streets
but in Fairgrounds attached to
their homes SD - >ss
swim m ing pools on the
grounds were the accepted thing
in many of the projects. I saw
not merely occasional model de-
velOpmentS. but mile after mile
Of such houses giving their &C.
cupants the elements Of happi-
ness-the air, the grass, the
flowers, the trees and many Of
the comforts which we in Amer
lea, in theory at least, consider
essential.
81 also felt that all Of US
Americans who have been point
ing with pride, while we do have
plenty to be proud Of, might
do less pointing and more build.
ing. OF what real use is all
our reputed progress if our
families cannot live BEAUTIFULLY
and Comfortably"
The Washington times., 1937-07-24

PROOF of the sound con-
struction entering into the
new residence offered by
Modern Housing Of Washing
ton, Inc, at Hilltop, Md, Is
the fact visitors may see them
in any stage of building at
any time. Three of the re-
Gently completed dwellings
are shown above at right.
Each represents such careful
planning that even every
piece of equipment-such as
a refrigerator or a pipe-iS
designed to function properly
with everything else in the
house. Inspection is invited
today and tomorrow by Mod
ern Housing of Washington,
Inc.
The Washington times., 1937-07-24

MODERN COMFORT characterizes the dwelling shown
Immediately above Built by the Gardiner Construction Com
pany Barey Brothers, nc it has been sold to Miss Val
erie A. Miller through the office of A. s. Gardiner 1t is To-
Gated 1902 Bayard Boulevard n w. Other homes
available nearby through Gardiner
Evening star., 1937-07-01

ago, when no one appeared at the
hearings in favor Of it, while many
witnesses appeared in opposition.
The committee will make every ef-
fort to take final action on the bill
this afternoon, because District ON
cials have informed them that not
later than July is, District employees
should begin making up the volumi-
nous real estate tax ledgers from
which bills are prepared for the Sep
tember tax payment. These ledgers
cannot be started, however, until the
Commissioners know what the real es-
tate rate Is to be, and this depends
on the pending revenue measure.
Even II the committee finishes work
Evening star., 1937-07-01

pie, the per cent levy would be SO
additional tax, but such 4 lot would
already be paying SIS on the $3.50
general tax rate, or . total of $25.
All indications are that the Senate
committee will restore the provision
knocked out in the House to allow
the Commissioners to obtain advances
from tho Treasury to meet municipal
operating expenses early in the year,
to be repaid As local revenues come in.
1t Is likely also that the Senate
Dill VIII contain authority for the
Commissioners to have 4 comprehen-
slve survey made of the entire Dis
trlct tax structure before the next
session conyenes. In view of the
Evening star., 1937-07-01

taxes, 100000; increase from IA to
per lin the net premium tax on
insurance companies, and the 2O-cent
increase on real estate and tangible
personal property, from $3.50 to $1.70
per hundred.
Before the committee completes
action on the bill Senator McCarran,
Democrat, OF Nevada, Is expected to
present his proposal for an additional
land tax Of per cent on the assessed
value, but this plan is believed to
have been weakened by the testimony
OF District officials that, since 1t
would raise $5,0O0,0O0 1t would be, in
reality. an increase OF 80 per cent in
the total real estate levy Of
$l7,325 900.
66 Per Cent Increase In Land Tax.
1t was further pointed out today
that while 1t would add 80 per cent
to the present total tax levy, it would
be a 66 per cent increase in the tax
on land, alone, in individual cases.
On lot valued at 81 900, for exam
Evening star., 1937-07-01

signed to divorce the Free State from
Great Britain.
The question Of the dynamic presi-
dents majority, however, was un-
certain. Huge rallies addressed by
De Valera and his chief opponent
former President William Cosgrave
last night ended the quietest and most
orderly election campaign in Irish
history.
Although interest was evident on
every side, the poll was expected to
be light. Voting is on the proportional
representation system and first results
were not expected before late Friday
The final result is not likely to be
known until next week.
1873 Seats to BE Filled.
There are 1873 seats to be filled for
the new parliament under the govern
ment-sponsored constitution which
would make the country 4 republic
in all but name.
1t Is on the governments effort
to divorce the Free State as far As
possible from England that De Valera
has made his appeal for renewal
Of confidence.
Cosgrave and his colleagues have
concentrated on bread and butter"
campaign. They contend the Free
States ills are economic and that
De Valera's constitution with its
appeal to national natriotjSn, ix sirop,y
for. the purpose of taking the minds
Evening star., 1937-07-01

speed with which Congress must put
through the pending bill, Senate COM
mittee members recognize the de-
STABILITY of having more thoroughly
considered data on the tax situation
available for next year.
Business Tax In Balance.
Although the fate OF the gross re-
ceiptS business privilege levy still
hangs in the balance Is the commit
tee convenes today, it already has
decided to kill the special chain store
tax that was added to this section on
the floor of the House. This tax,
which would have amounted to $3.50
per store in the larger chains, vir-
tually was eliminated several days
Evening star., 1937-07-01

still would have the final say as to
which items should be enacted into
law.
Senate committee discussion today
Is expected to center around substi-
tutes for or modification of the gross
receipts levy. Other features OF the
House bill that are not expected to be
drastically changed include:
Tightening the methods Of collect
ing personal taxes, estimated to yield
81 100000: weight tax on motor
vehicles, $l,5o0,O0O, to go into special
highway fund; inheritance and estate
Evening star., 1937-07-01

today, the bill probably would not
be through the Senate and into con.
ference before next week.
If the committee should decide TO
combine the sales and income levies,
1t Is more than likely the rates would
be lower than If one or the other
alone was adopted. On the other
hand, leeway might be left for ADJUST
ment OF the rates in conference.
Evening star., 1937-07-01
Of the people OF their economic ills.

Of the people OF their economic Ills
Assails "Sham and Hypocrisy"
In a rally at Cork last night, Cos
grave assailed the government party
for sham and hypocrisy" which he
charged had led to rising unemploy-
ment and costs OF living.
De Valera told his supporters in
rally on College Green, at the end
Of a swing through the country, he
was confident of getting back to
power for another five years"
I'VE need that time" he said, ito
carry out the work that remains to
be done"
Evening star., 1937-07-01

Two Rice Crops Z Year.
On an experimental tract a Japa-
nese farmer has raised two ,lce crops
In a year.
Evening star., 1937-07-01

1y the Associated Press.
= DUBLIN, July 1.-Political observers
Get the odds in favor of President
, Eamon de Valera's return to power
Is Ireland balloted today on a new
: parliament and q constitution de-
Evening star., 1937-07-01
IRISH VOTE TODAY
ON CONSTITUTION
New Parliament to Be
Named-De Valera Regime
Expected to Win.

6ACh hGROUND-
Constitution recently proposed BY
NeD York-born President Eamon
de Valera OF Irish Free State pro-
t1des nnion OF whole country.
It also proposes separation from
Great Britain as far as possible and
changing country'S name to Fire.
Chief opposition to proposal is in
North ireland, ,ohere majority OF
people haze remained loyal to King.
Evening star., 1937-07-01
Taxes

Continued From First Page.)
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1937-04-09
Public Employment Offices
Report Big Placement Gain

Albany, n \ (ILNS)-A steadily
increasing number of persons going
back to work in private industry is
again indicated in the report Of the
activities of the public employment
offices in New York state for Feb
ruary Industrial Commissioner Ell
mer F. Andrews released the reports
Of the New York State Employment
Service and National Unemployment
Service. which showed total of 12,-
518 February placements in private
industry. This is an increase of 36.6
per cent over the number placed in
private industry during February,
1886. The usual decline in February
private placement figures was shown
this year with 14.9 per cent drop
from the private placements made in
January
SO far this year 27,221 jobs in pri-
vate industry have been filled by the
public employment offices. There has
been a steady rise in the first two
months placement figures for the past
four years. This years figure topped
by SIT per cent the figure for 1929.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1937-04-09
Tobacco Co. Signs
Pact With Union

Washington, D. G. (ILNS)-Liggett
& Myers, one of the Big Four tobacco
group, has signed contract with the
Tobacco Workers Union for two
plants, those at Richmond, Virginia,
and Durham, North Carolina At
these two plants, the Tobacco Work
ers' Union will be the sole agency for
collective bargaining for those eligible
to membership.
This is far from being the closed
shop and the union label; but it repre-
sents considerable advance And
Liggett & Myers never has been quite
SO hostile to labor as the rest of the
Big Four; though, as Huck Finn woulc
say, that amt no fattery, neither.
A pay raise in the two plants
named accompanied the signing of tht
contract.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1937-04-09
UNION LABEL
ESSAY CONTEST

Parkersburg, W. Va, The Central
Trades and Labor c ouncil Of this city
is holding an essay contest in senior
and junior high schools of Wood coun-
ty for the best essay on the subject,
why We Should Buy Union Label
Products" For the best four essays
submitted, prizes amounting to S12o
will be awarded.
The proposal was made to 1000
students through the school superin-
tendents who are cooperating with
the labor unions in promoting the con-
test. The prize essay will be made one
of the compulsory subjects in the
school courses.
This is the first time the union label
has been made a topic for essays in
the schools, 1t has a two-fold pur-
pose One is to increase interest in
labor unions among the children and
the other is to arouse the interest Of
parents in an intensive organizing
campaign for the union label, shop
card, and button.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1937-04-09

Before issuing the order, Director
Chapman expressed the belief that
the decision of the u S. Supreme
Court upholding the constitutionality
of the Washington minimum wage
law would apply also to the Ohio law.
Service employees in cities of 100000
or more population will receive a
minimum wage of $3.50 for 48-hour
work week, or a basic rate of 1852
cents per hour; in cities of 5000 to
100000 population the weekly rate is
81, or 14.58 per hour; in towns of less
than 5000 population the rate is $6.25
weekly, or 1902 cents per hour.
Non-service (no-tipping) employees
in cities of 100000 or more will re-
ceive 5000 per week, or 21.875 cents
per hour; in cities of 5000 to 100000,
SO per week or 1875 cents per hour;
in cities under 5000, So per week or
1866 per hour.
The mandatory order carries penal
ties ranging from $25 to 5000 for vio-
lations, and takes the place of direc-
tory order, which has been described
by division officials as almost unen-
forceable.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1937-04-09
SHORTS

When passing round the haloes for
the supreme courts upholding of the
Washington minimum wage law, don't
forget that Mr.. Justice Roberts voted
to kill the New York minimum wage
law less than a year ago.
In the matter of minimum wages
for women, the constitution is what
one juge says it is; and when that
one Judge changed his mind, he
amended the constitution.
Did the makers of the constitution
ever intend to inflict on the country
such a judgeocracy as that? They
did not. They fatty rejected the vast
ly milder proposal to give the su-
preme court a suspensory veto, which
would hold up law unless and until
congress repassed it by two-thirds
majority The courts power over
legislation is just piece of squattel
sovereignty, nothing else.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1937-04-09
WHAT NEXT?

An impossible burglar barrier of
black" light, which spreads a net Of
invisible light rays over large area
by means of tiny hidden mirrors and
sets of alarms in distant places with
out intruders being aware of it, was
demonstrated in New York recently
The new trap of black light, OF
intra red rays, in addition to ringing
alarms and switching on lights, also
automatically telephones to the police
and the telephone company. 1t car
make several phone calls to different
places and tell, by means of phono-
graph records, the exact location
where the help of the police is needed
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1937-04-09
NLRB Attorney
To Broadcast

Columbus, Ohio (OLNs)-Phillip
G. Phillips, Cincinnati regional legal
representative for the National La
Dor Relations Board and attorney for
the La Toilette civil liberties investi-
eating committee, will be the next
speaker on the weekly radio broadcast
of the Ohio State Federation Of Labor.
Mr.. Phillips will be heard Monday
evening, April II, at 5 p. M, over
Radio Station WHKC (64o kilocycles)
Columbus He will have as his topic,
"The Work Of the National Labor Re
lations Board"
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1937-04-09

a specimen as the white blackbird.
And in two states, laws establishing
minimum wages for men are likely
to be introduced and passed.
And all these activities on an ex-
tremely important social question
came in half week after the supreme
court, by the perilous vote of to 4,
had removed from the stream of So
cial progress the vicious, inexcusable
dam thrown across it IA years ago by
the Adkins decision. The evil that men
do not only lives after them, but
spreads far beyond their vision.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1937-04-09
New Mexico Labor Fights
Low Wages on Road Work

Albuquerque, New Mexico (AFLNS)
Claiming that the wage scales for
workers employed on various forest
park and highway projects in New
Mexico submitted by j. A. Elliott, dis
trict engineer of the Bureau of Public
Roads, U. s. Department Of Agricul-
ture, were in some cases 40 per cent
lower than the prevailing scales OF
various local unions of Albuquerque
the New Mexico Building Trades As
sociation submitted the union scales
prescribed by the various building
crafts with the request that they be
adopted.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1937-04-09
Braid Co. Lengthens Hours
No Increase in Weekly Pay
BY A. F. of L. News Service.

By A. F. of L. News Service.
Low wages and long hours imposed
upon its employees by the Hill-LaCross
Braid Manufacturing Company Of
East Greenwich, Rhode Island, caused
the textile workers to declare a
strike, which was reported to be 10C
per cent effective, all of the 122 en-
ployes leaving the plant.
Representatives Of the strikers
claimed that because of an alleged
decrease in business the company in.
creased hours from 40 to AS weekly
leading the workers to believe that
the old schedule would be restored
when business improved. But the
company heightened hours and KEEP
wages at $13 per week.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1937-04-09
MORE ON MINIMUM WAGES

Representative Of eight states met
recently in Washington to consult to-
gether on minimum wage legislation.
In the New York legislature, plans
are taking shape to base the forth
coming law on living costs, instead Of
both living costs and the fair value Of
the service rendered. It is pointed out
by those championing this change
that the employer who pays more than
the service is worth is almost as rare
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1937-04-09
Blind Workers Planning
National Organization

Pittsburgh (ILNs)-A settlement
Of "sit-down" strike of 1o7 blind
employees Of the Pennsylvania Asso-
citation for the Blind was hailed by
the workers as a moral victory" as
they laid plans for national associa-
tion to protect their interests.
Settlement Of the strike, which be-
gan March / when association off
cials refused demands for higher
wages and better working conditions,
was announced March 20. The work
ers agreed to return to their posts at
the same rate Of pay received before
the strike began.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1937-04-09
A. Il. OF L. ORGANIZES
UNION AMONG STRIKERS

West Point, Mass. (ILNS)-The
American Federation of Labor has
organized local among strikers of
the Knickerbocker Manufacturing
Co., here, defeating organization
efforts of the G. |. 0. for the second
time. Workers, on strike for higher
wages and shorter hours, voted almost
unanimously to join with the United
Garment Workers Of America. an A.
F. of L. affiliate.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1937-04-09

he following reports OF corpora
tion profits in 1886 as compared to
those Of the same companies in 1885
are taken from a single issue March
31-of the New York Times:
Standard Oil
1886 1885
of Indiana. SAG, $4,000 $30,l8o,0oo
American
Roll. Mills. 6,412,oOO 4,3lo,oOo
Inland Steel. 12,8o0,oOo 9,418,Ooo
seaboard Oil. 2,486,ooo 1,671 600
Associated
Drygoods G. 1,7o1,0O0 1926 900
Profits like these, and more espe-
cially the rapid increase in profits are
danger signal that ought to be heed
ed in practical fashion. They are plain
proof that all the wage increases of
the past year have fallen far short of
the gain in profits. Wages mean con
sumner buying power. Profits, investor
producing power The lack Of balance
between the two, the concentration Of
a huge share Of the national income
in the hands of a few thousand indi-
yiduals. was the prime cause of the
depression, and another depression
is headed this way if we let such con-
centration of profits go on.
We have not, to be sure, reached
the 1929 levels, when stocks listed on
the New York Exchange gained more
than S22 ,ooo,0 100000 in market value"
in 8 months; when SO men with their
combined net income could have paid
the years wages Of 425,000 cotton
mill workers and still had almost a
million dollars apiece left to buy Choir
ines and old masters; when less than
$4,000 persons in the United States
had combined net income-note that
word net more than $30o,00o,oOO
greater than the total revenues of the
United States government the same
year.
We have not reached that point
but we are on the way. The quicker
corporation taxes, excess profits taxes,
higher bracket income taxes and in
heritance taxes are lacked up to the
very limit, the better chance the coun-
try will have of escaping worse dis
aster than that which began with the
stock market crash of October, 1929
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1937-04-09
Company Recognizes
Electrical Workers

New Orleans (ILNS)- Settlement
of the dispute between the Celotex
Company and the international
Brotherhood of Electrical Workers,
Local No. 1870, through the company's
agreement to recognize union cleo
tricians in all construction work was
announced recently by Charles H.
Logan, district director Of the Ma
tional Labor Relations Board. Charges
had been filed with the board alleging
that the company had discharged six
linen for union activity.