davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1937-01-19
Half Year of Tragedy.

1t Is exactly six months ago today
July 10, 1936-that rebel troops in Span
ish Morocco, having risen against the
Madrid government, began their invasion
OF the peninsula, across the Straits of
Gibraltar, and plunged the republic into
civil war destined to rage with progress
sive ferocity to this day. Probably few
In either camp, Loyalists or insurgents,
expected hostilities to be prolonged for
half a year, without any prospect of early
cessation.
Despite its wholesale carnage and
brutal horrors. the Spanish war has
become one of the epic struggles Of
history. The martial virtues of tenacity
and bravery, along with that ruthlessness
inseparable from fratricidal strife, have
been displayed by the fighting men of
both armies and particularly by the
Spanish civilian population. The defense
Of Madrid, in face Of the capitals immi-
nent fall on more than one occasion, will
rate high in the annals of heroic COM
bat under siege conditions. That the
government forces have been able to
hold the shattered city against merciless
artillery fire and incessant bombing at
tack from the air is a miracle matched
only by the almost incredible circum-
stance that "the little world war" on
spain's blood-soaked soil did not long
since ramify into an international con-
fict Of major proportions.
The authority does not live who can
predict how long the nations travail is
doomed to last. IMPARTIAL Observers on
Evening star., 1937-01-19
THIS AND THAT
BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL.

Old Whitley. semi-albino English SPAR
row, mentioned here several times as
"he." turns out to be She" after all.
Hence we drop the "old." and call her
henceforth simply Whitley, which will do
nicely for a very handsome and unusual
little bird.
Whitley always stands out in her crowd.
no matter which feeding station 1t pre-
fers to patronize in the garden.
1t was only when this bird came by
herself to a feeder placed very close to
a window that the observer was able to
place the creature at once as q female
Of the species.
Her neat gray waistcoat, or vest, was
very distinct. seen at close range, where
as in the past it had not been noticeable
at so to rs feet or more.
She was fatter, too, than the average
male. a universal distinction. Even
among the small specimens of tropical
fishes usually kept in tanks. the female
Is usually fatter and more rounded.
Even the fms. in many cases. are
rounded.
Whitley, as we now call her, Is q splen-
did bird to have around, for her presence
gives the observer one particular speci-
men to watch.
Mostly the English sparrows, which
form the bulk Of the feeders at all sta
tions are indistinguishable one from an
other.
They must be viewed in the mass, as
the crowd Of sparrows. AS distinguished
Spanish writer might put it, as the mass
sparrow" the hustling, jostling group
sparrow. which seeks to find a place in
the seats Of the mighty, and which, in
this day, is finding 1t.
Birds are SO much alike that mostly
it is impossible to tell one of the same
species from another of the species.
1t is pleasant now and then, to find
one which stands out from the crowd,
and which never leaves any doubt of its
identity.
Consider the female cardinals, or red
birds, as some call them.
Occasionally there will be a specimen
which, by reason of some unusual colora-
ton. compels the steady watcher to feel
that he knows her by sight.
Just let several other females come
into the yard. however. the observer of
bird life shortly will realize that he Is
no longer sure
Even greater doubt exists as to the
personal ability to distinguish one gen.
tleman cardinal from another. These
flashy fellows are as alike as peas in pods
when seen in the garden against the
usual Wintry landscape.
+ y +
There is no doubling Whitley.
She is one English sparrow in a mil
lion. owing to her half-white wings and
tail.
AS she hops around among her COM
panionS at distance she resembles moth
ing SO much as an animated scrap of
paper.
Or bird bearing in it's bill a rather
large crust of bread.
This, Of course, from the rear view
Head-on, she seems to be just an average
sparrow, with a neat coat of brown and
light gray, not as much brown as the
males, with none of the black markings
on head and throat.
That she is. with the exception of her
white, any prettier than her sisters, one
Evening star., 1937-01-19

would be unable to say, for really they
are all very charming creatures.
1t Is only the persistent anti" propa-
ganda which has gone on against these
birds for long time which has made
many bird friends look down upon them
and withhold from them the apprecia-
tion which should be given them. In
doing this, many a bird lover has cut
himself of from one Of the most exciting
Of bird observations. for the English
sparrows, despite what may be said
against them. and some of it justly
enough, are forever putting on a fine
show in the garden Of those persons who
believe in feeding the birds which Winter
with US.
This Is "the biggest show on earth" in
the bird feeding world, because the sim
pie fact is that there are more English
sparrows than any other birds. and they
are forever squabbling and fussing
among themselves. always on the 20, al
ways something doing, as long as they
are around.
II there Is more than one feeder in
the yard. these sparrows distribute them
selves at each station. and continually
ny back and forth, from one to the
other, and to the other df there are
three or more), and all in all have such
fine time Of It, flying around, fighting
with each other, but never harming each
other, that the earnest bird watcher
comes in time to see that this is his sur
est spectacle. after all.
He realizes, after many days, that
these birds are perhaps more sinned
against than SHINING. Viewed fairly,
they turn out to be very handsome, in a
quiet way. 1t is true they lack the splen-
did coloring of the cardinals. the grace
OF the tiny chickadee, the sprightliness
OF the titmouse. English sparrows can
not vie with the d'Artagnan manners of
the bluejay, the Springlike beauty of the
bluebird. the saucy romance of the gold
finches.
Yet in their everyday dress, and espe-
cially when seen in Winter, they are
very nice little birds. much prettier than
smost persons give them credit for, and
far more interesting.
There is one particular feature of the
English sparrow which we would like to
point out, and that is the real beauty of
its mass song in Winter.
To hear this. one must put out seeds
for them to eat. establish feeding sta
ton. in other words
Then. between stufings, these birds
congregate in the shrubbery, and set up
such a singing as reminds even the least
imaginative of the tale of the four and
twenty blackbirds.
The total effect OF these chirpings is
really very pretty; shrill. but no more so
than the trumpets of our dance orches-
tras. These chirps, far from being harsh
and discordant as some of the books as
sert. blend finely to make a new sound,
gay and happy music in the general
bleakness of the Winter
The birds stop together and begin
again as one, in a very interesting man
ner. as If the group were led by some
conductor.
May We not hope that Whitley is the
leader of her sparrow band?
Maybe it is wave Of those half white
wings which sets the boys and girls to
singing away so nightly in the cold.
At any rate, it is good music, far pref
tier than some we have paid to hear and
applauded so loudly.
Evening star., 1937-01-19
Suggests That Senator Clark
Read Newton Bakers Book

To the Editor Of The Star:
Senator Clark duSts off and brings
out again the old and thoroughly dis
credited theory that munitions, loans
and banking pressure were the prin-
cipal causes of this country entering the
World War.
For the Senator's benefit I should like
to refer him to very interesting little
book recently written by Newton D.
Baker as to why we entered the war.
One would think from what some of
these self-appointed authorities put out
that President Wilson's cabinet meetings
were merely camouf1age and that he had
numberless special confldantes to whom
he barred his innermost thoughts. Does
Senator Clark claim to be one of these2
JAMES T. ROWAN.
Evening star., 1937-01-19
New Deal for the District?

Representative Ross Collins Of MiSsis-
sippi has indicated that other tasks IN
the House might be more welcome to
him than the Craftsmanship OF the Sub
committee on District Appropriations. 1t
Is, often, peculiarly thankless job, lack
ing in some of the offsetting advan-
tages of other committee assignments.
But the members of this community
appreciate the spirit in which Mr.
Collins has accepted this duty and will
be found anxious to reciprocate in
manner that will repay him, in their
respect and gratitude, for the hard work
which lies ahead. The Craftsmanship OF
this committee is fundamentally impor-
tant and whoever fills that position has
an opportunity in National Capital
building that is not shared by many. To
one who sees the opportunity the post
Is not without its rewards.
AS members of the Mapes committee
of 193O-3l, Mr.. Collins familiarized him.
self with the basic elements of the fiscal
relations issue. In view of his own refer
ences to that inquiry, it is interesting now
to recall the committees recommended
ton concerning the basis of the ma
tional contribution. The report sum-
married it as follows:
In other words, the amount of Federal
contribution toward the expenses OF the
District government should be based
largely on the difference in the amount
of revenue derived from the taxation of
properties levied on the basis of fair
and equitable tax rate, together with the
revenues derived from specific taxes, Ii
cense fees, fines, ETC., and the total
amount of money that the District needs
to conduct the District government in
manner that shall be credit to the
District and the Nation.
That is the basis of national contribu-
tion that has been suggested by many
sincere friends of the Capital City, and
as far as theory goes it is doubtless
sound. In practice, however, it runs
into the confusing field of personal
opinion, sometimes dictated by personal
prejudice, over the amount that the Dis
trict should have, not to conduct its
affairs as "a credit to the District and
the Nation" but merely to get along.
Practically speaking, the Mapes plan
for determining the amount of the Fed
eral payment-it is not contribution"
in the common meaning of the word
has prevailed ever since the substitution
of the lump sum for the sixty-forty
apportionment of Federal and District
contributions to Capital upkeep. But
the determination OF District needs
too often has been made secondary to
drastic reduction, in the direction of
studied elimination, of the Federal pay
ment. District needs were apparently
defined as those needs which might be
financed from local revenues after the
reduction of the Federal payment. Appli-
cation of the plan by unfriendly hands
has brought the District to the crisis 1t
faces today.
If appropriations for the National Cap
ttal were made on the basis of main
tanning and developing the city as "a
credit to the District and the Nation" the
plan might be demonstrated as effec-
tive. But it is yet to receive that demon
stration. Perhaps Mr.. Collins intends
. to prove that it is workable plan; that
its fair application would, in reality,
provide New Deal for the District.
Evening star., 1937-01-19
Roasting in Buses.

With thousands of Washingtonians
daily using busses and the possibility
that in the years to come this may be
the only means Of mass transportation
in the city, 1t seems fitting to voice the
hope again that some thought be given
to proper heating and ventilation.
After q Winter of roasting passengers
with drafts of hot air forced by fans,
often literally mixed with gasoline ex-
haust fumess the Public Utilities Com
Evening star., 1937-01-19
A Rhyme at Twilight
BY
Gertrude Brooke Hamilton
The Heart of Winter

The Heart of Winter.
All day it has been gray twilight;
Sleet ushers in a bitter night;
Ice-bound the town and countryside;
In hollow trees the squirrels hide;
The children, nesting in their beds,
Pull coverlets to curly heads:
And mothers pray. as hearth-fires GLOW
Al little ones may shslts9 know. |.
Evening star., 1937-01-19
Shooting Stars.
BY PHILANDER JOHNSON.
Wreckage by Words.

Wreckage by Words.
Some speech, by reminiscence clad.
In meaning proves exceeding sad
And many a man with prospects bright
On winged words saw hopes take flight.
I once beheld statesman grave
Whose speech would often miSbehave.
His grim refrain your heart would touch
I've talked too much! I've talked too
much!"
The learned man who gives his life
To hours Of scientific strife
And vainly for applause will wait
Where Ridicule crowns the debate
Will scan at last In dull regret
Some frivolous filings he'd fain forget
And say, TOO oft my fate is such.
I've talked too much! I've talked too
much!"
Men who are rated rather wise
May make too bold to criticize.
Philosophers and artists, too.
And even soldiers we may view
Along with those whose grief is strong
Because prospectuses went wrong.
They cry, and for excuses clutch
1--WE talked too muchl I've talked too
much!"
Evening star., 1937-01-19

Some of the simpler games seem to be
revived In commercial and economic
activities, such as button, who has the
button?" In T. v. A. circles the ques-
tion propounded is, who has the au-
thority?"
Evening star., 1937-01-19

Eugene ONeill is writing play. The
public may be glad this is attempted by
ONeill and not by G. Bernard Shaw.
The widest imagination could not make
life in hospital seem funny.
Evening star., 1937-01-19
Moderation Required.

"A great statesman must be learned In
political economy"
And yet" answered Senator Sor-
too profoundly on that subject when
he is out talking for votes before q
crowd"
Evening star., 1937-01-19

1t is asserted that gangsters have
political friends. but no one ventures to
offer this as a reason for ]. Edgar Hoo
ver's having political enemies.
Evening star., 1937-01-19

Occasionally, when a "Shake-up" is
demanded. there should be stipulation,
if possible, that the line be drawn at
earthquakes.
Evening star., 1937-01-19
A Hint to CrOOners.

From the Philadelphia Evening Bulletin.
In Buffalo q barking dog has been
silenced by an operation on his vocal
cords. Perhaps that treatment would
ease the pain caused by sops Of these
radio sinseYs. y
Evening star., 1937-01-19
Imposition.

Imposition.
"How did he manage to get in debt
to so many people?"
"He imposed on Crimson Gulch's
credulity," answered Cactus Joe. He
made us believe that he was related
by marriage to one Of our leading rack
eteers."
Evening star., 1937-01-19

A New Deal was promised and, Of
course, 1t may be assumed that to a
certain extent 1t implies reorganization.
Evening star., 1937-01-19
The Final Question.

The Final Question.
Mongst all the prophets and the creeds
That measure up our thoughts and
deeds,
Each will at last apply this test:
"oh, Mortal, have you done your best?"
If you have missed the Joy intense
That comes to glorious excellence,
You still will claim an honored rest
If you have simply done your best!
Jud Tunkins says he's waiting to hear
some cheerful news about a gangster
who changed the hunting program by
mistaking q deer for a man and shoot
ing the deer.
zone who seeks a reason for every
action" said HI Ho, the sage Of China
town, becomes less reliable for effort
because Of the time he devotes to re-
search"
Ambition to Boss.
Though history shows how nations
swerve
From ways laid out by politics,
Somebody always has the nerve
To think he has some brand-new
tricks.
IT still likes de old mule" said Uncle
Eben. who didn' have no trouble nndin'
parkin' space an holdin' 1t as long Is
- P~lk Nk> ,...
Evening star., 1937-01-19

The Evening Star Newspaper Company
I1tn st. and Pennsylvania Ave-
New York ONCE: no East 42nd 81.
Chicage once: 435 North Michigan Ave.
Evening star., 1937-01-19
Ambition to Boss.

Though history shows how nations
Evening star., 1937-09-19
Under Manogsment Of
n. L. RUST Company
1886 Columbia Rd.
2445 18th St. NV.

Meridian Park Apts.j
2 rooms, kitchen and bath.
Modern New Building. Res
ident Manager.
Evening star., 1937-01-07
REMINGTON NET
BELOW YEAR AGO
Eight-Month Volume Higher,
but Earnings Drop $213,-
Glib in Period.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, January 7.-Reming-
ton Rand, Inc, in a letter to stock
holders said preliminary reports for
the eight months Of the current fiscal
year up to November 80 showed an
increase in net sales of $4,i3l,l38 over
the same period last year.
Indicated net profit Of s1.239.836,
after provision for Federal income tax.
however. was a decrease of s213,618,
compared with year ago, the letter
said.
The management estimates" the
letter continued. that earnings dur
ing the six months ended November
80 have absorbed homecoming items
of approximately $1.341 900. of which
S3S4,745 was direct expense of the
labor difficulties and the balance was
unabsorbed burden due to interrupt
ton of production caused partly by
labor difficulties and partly by the
moving and abnormal expenses Incl
dent to the moving of machinery. ma
terials and the families of employees
and re-establishment of operations in
new locations"
The management was said to antici-
pate benefits from this concentration
of manufacturing operations extend
ing over many years. From an earn
ings standpoint, the letter added. the
month of December, from present in
dications. will show a complete return
to normal. The letter said labor d!fh-
culties have been completely overcome
and factory output Is now considerably
ahead of that prior to the strike.
Evening star., 1937-01-07
CHICAGO LIVE STOCK.

CHICAGO. january Z L41 United States
Department of re)--Hogs. $4,000.
including $500 direct: strong to 10 higher
than Wednesdays average: heavy butchers
up most: top, 1880: bulk good and choice
1s0-30O pounds. 10.35a55: comparable
150-175 pounds. largely 10.15a45: best
Cattle: $780, calves. 1900: better
grade fed steers and yearlings steady, such
kinds selling largely at IL so upward: top.
1885 paid for both yearlings and medium
weight steers: lower grades weak to 25
lower: all other killing classes less active
but largely steady: bulls mostly $50 down:
yealers. 12 GOAL 3 90 on weighty shipper
kinds. largely 12.00a50: lisht vealers.
10.50a11.50: stockers and feeders scarce:
drm: common kinds. 5.50a6.25: better
grades. 700 upward. with meaty feeders at
sheep 10000. including 1000 direct:
tone strong to hisher: ased sheep nrm:
lnd fed Western lambs bid 1880 and BE-
tered native i ewes. so4S5Ss 4S5sS.s5l na 0e''ef 'c.'-
=, Potatoes. 80: on track. 221: total q. g.
supplies light. demand fair. Sacked Der
hundredweight-Idaho Russet Burbanks,
%. 8, No. /, 3.25a40: fair quality heavy to
ming Bliss Triumphs partly GRADED $50:
$40: US commercial 2.15: Michisan
6psset Rurals. U. s. No. 2.3Oa35:
Florida bushel crates Bliss Triumphs.
Us. No. |, fair quality. small to medium.
1.76 crate.
Evening star., 1937-01-07
CLEAR|NGS HOLD
AT HIGHER LEVELS
Five-0ay Weeks Total Only
2.7 Per Cent Below Full
Week in 1886.
By the Associated Press.

6y tne hSSOClated frebS.
NEW YORK, January Bank
clearings in the opening week Of the
new year showed no let-down from
the heavy settlements during the
final month Of 1886.
The total for "a leading cities, al
reported to Dun & Bradstreet for the
five-day week ended January s, was
Sc, 6,538. los, 900. against $6,720,s $40, 900
in the full week Of 1885, q loss Of 81
per cent.
This contrasted with an increase
Of 1877 per cent in the same COM
parison for the period preceding.
which was for five days in both years.
Clearings this week made an ex.
ceptionally good showing. despite the
fact that there were only five days
included in the current report, which
embodied the settlements incident to
the first of the month, against six
days in 1896.
At New York City the turnover
amounted to s4,155 ,099, 900, a falling
Of of 6.2 per cent from the s4,4z7,-
$4,000 in the similar 1896 period.
Outside centers aggregated s2.3s3,-
096 900, which was SO per cent higher
than the S2,292, $685. in the CORE
spending week year ago.
Increases predominated at individ,
ual cities. The largest Of these ap-
peared at Pittsburgh. Richmond, At
lanta. New Orleans and Dallas. All OF
the losses were under 10 per cent.
Clearings rose 500, $780, 900 above
last weeks total Between the two
comparative weeks in 1885 there was
an increase of s1,717.034 900. 81.
Figures at leading cities, together
with percentage gains and losses, COM
pared with those of 1886, follow, also
daily average bank clearings for Octo-
Der, November and December:
Evening star., 1937-01-07
CURB LIST STAYS
II CLOSE T0PEAKS
Broad Midday Buying Wave
Spreads Gains Through
Market.
n the Associated Press

~ the ASSoclAted Pre6S.
NEW YORK, January 7.-Stocks
held close to peak levels of the ses-
sion in late trading on the Curb Ex-
change today after broad midday
buying wave had stretched gains
throughout the list.
Utilities swung to the forefront Of
the drive as the market gathered the
best headway on the upside seen in
some time. American Gas g. Electric.
Electric Bond & Share. American
Light g. Traction, United Gas and
Niagara Hudson moved up fraction
ally to more than a point
Among industrials, advances of
fractions to about I points were
recorded in aluminium of America,
Gulf Oil. Creole Petroleum, Pan
American Always. New Jersey Zinc
and Babcock & Wilcox.
Gold and silver shares were in
clined to lag, with Lake Shore and
Sunshine of small fractions.
Evening star., 1937-01-07
RAIL ORDERS EXPECTED.

NEW YORK, January P).-Pere
Marquette Railway was reported In
trade circles today to be inquiring, for
Is locomotives and a number of extra
tenders. The Illinois Central was said
to be in the market for 20 baggage
cars, the Louisville & Nashville for
5000 hopper cars and the Missouri
Kansas Texas for 1850 automobile
stock and gondola cars. in addition
to Is chair cars and dining cars.
Evening star., 1937-01-07
FOREIGN MARKETS.

market closed steady. although prices were
somewhat below their highs for the day.
Sentiment was more cheerful toward the
and strong and rubber and transatlantic
shares also moved higher. Brazilian Traction
rose sharply on reports Of excellent earn
ings The Industrial section was mixed.
steel shares being in demand while textile.
tobacco and silks issues sold lower, For.
eign bonds and gilt-edged securities re.
mained quiet. but steady
PARIS.-A mixed tone prevailed in the
Bourse with rail shares selling higher
and rentes finishing with net gains OF 90
to 20 centimes. Royal Dutch rose SO
francs and Bank Of France advanced 40
francs to SO7O francs. Suez Canal de-
clined 20 francs.
Evening star., 1937-01-07
FOREIGN EXCHANGES,

NEW YORK. January Z R.-Foreign
exchange steady: Great Britain in dollars.
france; demand. 4;67Hi, cables; 40! "a;
msnds~Beisium. Is .seh: Germany. free.
Holland. 64.76; Norway. 24.67: Sweden.
switzerland: 22.9s; Spain unquoted; .por.
tpssl 4:45h; 0reece; .o,eOh: Poland
1925; czechoslovakia. 3.5Qh: Yusoslavia.
sHYnsnis, o;5t; Argentine. Sc. .76n; Bra.
Henskonx; so 20, MEXICO City. % so: Mon.
Aontfsal. oe.9oN. n-NomInal.
Evening star., 1937-01-07
New Orleans Prices.

NEW ORLEANS, January : R.-Cotton
moved up briskly at the start of trading
today with options showing gains OF 4 TO
8 points. Most selling was for hedginS
May opened at 12.25. up 5 points; Oc-
tober was 4 points higher at Ills, ana
December started of at IL .S4.
Weather reports were favorable in nearly
all sections. Temperatures were near
normal. Rainfall was limited to scattered
portions OF Texas
Cottonseed oil opened steady. January.
11.olb. March. IL .09b: May. 11-20b: July,
11.23b. Bid
Evening star., 1937-01-07
NEW YORK BANK STOCKS
NEW YORK. January : uP'.-Nev Yol
Security Dealers Association:
POWER OUTPUT GAINS.

NEW YORK. January Z CPD.-Elec-
trio output of United Gas Improve
ment System companies for the week
ended January 2 totaled 88.450. .693
kilowatt hours. compared with 82.-
272, ,e6S a year ago, an increase of
rs per cent. Last week production
was e8,275,347 kilowatt hours.
Evening star., 1937-01-07
MONEY MARKET.

NEW YORK. January Z fPl.-Call
eommerciai paper. = per cent. Time
,Saas sen ssreS sseseS 6 nanFers
changed Rediscount rate. New York Re-
serve Bank. ~ Der cent.