davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1937-02-01

For information concerning items
mentioned in this column call Ma
tional 5000, Extension 395, between
10 and IL Am.
Evening star., 1937-02-01

Mr.. Patri will give personal atten-
ton to inquiries from parents and
school teachers on the care and de-
velopment of children. Write him in
care of this paper, enclosing a three
cent stamped, self-addressed envelope
for reply.
(Copyright. 1877
La gaceta., 1937-01-28
LESIONADOS TRES JEFES
OBREROS EN- DETROIT

Detroit, snero 28.-Han In
gresado en- un hospital, grave
mente lesionados, tres lfderes
obreros organizadores de la so-
ciedad Obreros Unidos del Au-
tom6vil.
Pertenecen los tres a un CRU
pc de cinco organizadores de
Flint que realizan propaganda
entire los obreros de la General
Motors. Uno de ellOs, John Ma
yo, de P~ittsburg, desapareci6
mientras luchaba con un grupo
hostil. Robert Travis, otro jefs
obrero, expresa inquietud por la
seguridad de Mayo.
Contra ell autom6vil de los je-
fes obreros Sc lanz6 deliberada-
mente otro sOche, segdH la off
Gina del sheriff.
La gaceta., 1937-01-28

no volvere a ponermela mas.
Camaradas, companeroS, a.
migos mics del alma: bien sc
que mi sotana estara bien guar
dada y defendida por vosotros,
porque os he amado con TODD ell
coragon.
Pero hay lobos con piel de O.
veja qeu tienen odio Y rencor a
esta sotana y Ia reducirfan a ce-
nizas como al cyra que la ha
vestido,
ST los cobardes y traidores
me asesinan, sabed desde hoy,
como un testamento p1Iblico,
que os lego mi sotana. Esta i'm
pregnada de azahares de los
huertos valencianos cuando fuf
a Ia reconquista de la Repdbli-
ca; en- mi sotana Sc huelen los
aromas que despiden los monies
asturianos; mi sotana guarda
adn ell olor que Sc lie pogo de los
jardines de Andalucia; mi scta-
ma tiene todavia las huellas de
los brazos v las manos de la ma
yoria de los mineros y campesi-
nos de Espaia.
Camaradas: No puedo lega-
ros otra joya. En- mi casa no en-
eontrareis nj I'm centimo, por-
que vivido toda la vida empe-
hado. 81 yo que no he podido
ahorrar nj un maravedis jamas.
ihubiera tenido esos millones
que Sc encuenran con gran a.
sombro milo en- los palacios epis-
copales, hubiera sido TODD para
remediar ell hambre Y la nece-
sidad que habeis padecido du-
rante siglo.
Yo n COS puedo legar mas que
mi humflde sotana que tiene
ana historic.
Juan Garcia Morales.
La gaceta., 1937-01-28
LA CfUDAD ESTA ABASTE-
CiENDO DE GASOLINE A
LAS ESTAcIoNES QUE 10
PIDEN

La huelga de los gasoline.
ros" sigue declinando. Cum
pliendo un acuerdo de la ciu-
dad de Tampa, la policia sir
We gasolina, desde la tarde de
aver, a las estaciones que la pi-
den.
A las cuatro de la tarde de
aver la ciudad habia echado
va en- los tanques de varias es-
t%aciones, NADIA menos que $500
gaiones.
Anteayer la compania Fire
stone vendi6 5000 galones y
sup6nese que la venta aver pa
So de 5000.
Mas de 10000 galones Sc
ran repartidos por la pelicfa,
segun ell calcuto del jefe Woo
druff, en- ell dia de hoy.
De la estaci6n de polfcia sa-
li6 en- la manana de hoy, a ha-
Ger lie reparto, I'm tanqus con
ESQ galones.
Tampa, dice ell alcalde
Chancey. tendra toda la gaso-
lima Que necesite."
La compafia Standard Oil
ha convenido en- vender a la ciu
dad toda la gasofina que necs-
site
La gaceta., 1937-01-28
SIC LIE HA coNFIADo
TAREA DE r =
BIERNO AL GENERAL VI
GAKI t4
Ell Emperador en- DesGdaa 10
con los Oticiales del Ej6rctto

Toxic, enero 28.-El empe-
rador Hirohito ha confiado la
tarea de formar gobierno al ge-
neral Kazushige Ugaki, exgo-
berEador general de la Coca.
LIE recomend6 para Ell puesto vi
principe Saicnji, Ell mas viejo
de los consejeros del Empera-
dor.
UaAki visitaraasn demora al
general Juichi Terarchi, minis
tro de la guerra en- Ell ga5inete
renunciate.
Les jefes y offtiaies del ejsr-
cite c parecen de acuerdo con
la selection he2ha y han entire
gado lrW<e'lo to-
madcs al central princM Kan
In ,jefe del estado mayor gene
raj. Asegura Ell p~eri6dico 'Nichi
Mich" ore los jefes del ejerci-
to acordaron oponerse al nom
bramiento de Ugaki.
No Sc sabe 81 los militares lie
varans 81 cposici6n hasta ell pun
to de negarse a nombrar I'm mi
nistro de Ia guerra. 81 los militia
res nc llevan su oposici6n a ess
extreme, ell nuevo ministro de
la guerra 10 sera el general Su-
guyana, Inspector general de Ia
education militar.
Tiene ell nuevo primer minis
tro 68 amos de edad y es active
y vigoroso.
La gaceta., 1937-01-28
Daile de los Rst0diantes

Dale de los Est&diantes
Los estudiantes de segunda
ensenanza del Institute Nues-
ira Sonora de la MERGED daran
I'm Script Dance, en- los salones
de la sociedad italia, Ell dia
5 de febrero.
Seran madrinas de la fiesta
las senoritas Georgia Garcia, A
nita Caron, Lily Greco, Demo-
sab Bowers.
Tocara la orquesta de Bob
Portion, reqientemente reorga-
nizada.
Empezara ell bale a las $50
Y durar6 hasta horas de la ma
drugada.
TUdo ell dinero que Sc recall
de sc destinara a "enSanchar'
las actividades del team" de
Basketball.
La gaceta., 1937-01-28
NOTAS SOCIALE

La pelodo en- Ell Circulo c~bano
Esta noche Sc efectuafa, en- el
Circulo Guiana, la velada para
conmemorar ell nacimiento del
ap6stol Marti.
Acto organizado por la direc-
tiva del Circulo en- cooperation
con las secciones Ee recreo y tea
tro.
Presidira ell acto ell Sr. Paqui-
to Garcia, presidente de la So
ciedad, en- compania de varios
invitados Y los directories.
Haran uso de la palabra un
Representative de los Emigra-
dos Revolucionarios Cubanos,
ell DR.. Carlos PRO Socarras, DR..
Jorge Lopez Y el Sr. Victoriano
Mante;ga, nuestro director.
Pertenecen los oradores a la
jryentud que lacba por una Gu
b2 nueva.
Velia Martinez, la graciosa
HWedette", tomara parte en- ell
programa, en- compania de o.
tros a~rtistas.
FL teatro del Circulo ha sido
engalanado para la OCCASION.
La gaceta., 1937-01-28
| Carroza del Colunbia

CdrrOzG del COluHlbia
En- las fiestas de Gasparilla J
en- Ia Verbena del Tabaco pom
dra una carroza de mucho gusto
ar istico el restaurant "Colum-
bia", propiedad de nuestro que
rido amigo Casimiro Herman
DEE Y Manuel Garcia.
Don Quijote y los Molinos de
Viento, sera ell titulo de la ca
rroza.
Una obra artistica que Sc en-
cargara de ejecutar ell Sr. Gas
thoff.
Esa carroza sera mandada
tambien a las grandes fiestas
de st. Petersburg, Plant City y
otras ciudades.
La nueva sala del Columbia
una obra de merito, lleva el
La gaceta., 1937-01-28
HSTEMA LIMPIO
PIEL LIMPIA


Debe librarse listed del estrsni-
miento para tener una piel liAY95ia
y sana. ST no Sc elimina debida-
mente, los ~sobrantes de la diges-
ton producer venenos Y la piel de-
be hacer algo mas que su parte pa
ra librarse de ellos.
Ash que para una piel saludabIe
y limpia recnerde la importancia
de la r~egularidad Intestinal. All
primer sintoma de estnenimiento
tome Black-D raught-el laxantc
puramente vegetal.
Produce alivio y tiende a deiar
que los fntestinos actden regular
nnente ha-ta cue alguna futura
perturbation surja.
UN BT1FN LAXANTE
La gaceta., 1937-01-28
r DEL PARRCCO DE
LA IGLESIA DE NUESTRA
SEEoRA DE LA MERGED
LA Gaceta"
Estimado Senior Redactor.
N NEws wEEK

Tenga la bondad de publ
car en- su muy leido peri6dico
la siguiente noticia:
En- estos 1ltimos dias pasa-
dos ACADIA de derribarse la an
tigua Iglesia de Nuestra Seno-
ra de la MERGED de Ybor City
para poderse construir en- su
lugar otra de ladrillog QUe dara
frente a la Avenida IL, esqui-
ma a la Gale IT.
Los seryicios religiosos de
|'costumbre no han, por esta ra-
ION, de ser interrmpidos,
pues en- ell espacioso Salon de
Actos de la Escuela Parroquial
de Ybor sc ha eregido ell altar
y Sc han colocado asientos y
demas requisites para las devr
clones. FL presente local sc
presta esplendidamente para
fines de una iglesia provisio-
nal. Pueden los fieles entrar
por la puerta principal situa-
da en- la esquina de la avenida
10 y Ia Gale Is, o por los por-
tenes qRe las avenidas II Y 10
dan entrada a la escuela pa
rroquial.
Las horas de Misas los do
mingos seran las mismas como
ante, a saber: las z, 8, 8, 10
icon sermon en- espanol) Y IL.
En- los dfas de trabajo las Mi
sas seran a las 7 Y 8.
Queremos anunciar por me
dio de estas lineas que ell pro
ximo lunes IL de Febrero esta-
ra en- esta Parroquia ell Ilustri.
sine Senior Obispo Patsicio
Barry, D. d. de esta Di6cesis
de San Agustln para admins
trar ell Sacramento de Confir-
maci6n. Este acto tendra lu-
gar a las 7 y media de la no
che. Esperamos que n~uestros
feligreses Sc aprovecharan de
este como demas actos ac0s-
tumbrados de la Parroquia pa
ra demostrar 10 arraigade que
este la fe Cat6lica en- sus al
mas.
Con gracias anticipates,
queda de ustedes S. S. en- Girls
to,
Rev. john J. Hosey C.SS.R.
Parroco.
La gaceta., 1937-01-28
UN ARTICULO DEL PRESBI-
TERO JUAN G. MORALES
MDL9R N5otana
Camaradas: Vosotros la
defendeis

tiene an tinte de allosa, m;
compahera de siempre, mi her
mana, mi amigo, esta colgada
hoy de la percha.
Me he despedido de la sofa
ma llorando, y os ruego Qut
Greats en- mi sinceridad: despc
dirme de mi sotana para no pc
nermela mas, es como despe-
dirme de Espaha.
Porqus va sin sotana soy un
seglar cualquiera, y con sofa
ma soy un Representative de Je
~sucrigto en- la terra.
En- mi yieja sotana han pues
to sus ojos las muchedumbres.
He paseado mi sotana por to-
dos los pueblos y ciuGades de
Espana. Con mi sotana he en-
trado en- las Casas del Pueblo
Y en- los centres comunistas y
sindicalistas. ESos tigres- que
tienen mejores entrafas que
todos los cat6licos juntos-han
respectable mi sotana. Eses tt
gres, como lebreles, han veni-
do a lamerme la mano.
No es tan fiero ell leon como
10 pintan,...
Yo tengo una fe eiega en-
Dios Y ereo firmemente que las
derechas espanolas, lobos cen
piel de oveia, tienen que ser
ahora duramente castigadas
por la Providencia.
Mi pobre sotana tiene, ade-
mas, el recuerds de miles de
besos ~estampados en- ella por
labios de j6venes y ancianas
proletarias que vefan en- Ia So
tana ell simbolo de la paz v de
la defensa de sus legitimos in
tereses.
Y ssta sotana raida, LENA de
manchas y lamparones, es CO.
mo una bandera que a favor
de los humildes ha paseado
tr~iunfante por los pueblos y.
ciudades de Espana.
Y asf como hay muehas So
tanas, sotanas de amigos mics
queridisimos que no nombro
por no dejar en- divide a mu-
chos, que estan tambien colga-
das y que orgullosas podrfan
manifestarse por todas parties.
Sotanas henradas que han
estado v estan al lado de la
Republica y han defendido al,
pueblo contra sus opresores.
lila sotana! Hay sotanas que |
quemarse. Esas sofa
mas que Sc han puesto al lado de
los rebeldes y en- contra de los
poderes legitimos constituidos..
Esas sotanas que azuzan Y agi-
tan la guerra Y van directamen-
tie a asesinar al pueblo.
Pero hay sotanas verdosas
por los amos, sucias Y viejas, Y
estas sotanas debieran conser-
varse en- las vitrinas de los mu-
secs como un recuerdo de la es-
pantosa hecatombe; porque en-
esas sotanas hay besos, suspi-
ros, lagrimas y aspiraciones de
la plebe.
He colgado mi sotana; no he
tenido mas remedio. La sotana
no Sc estila. Ell cura, por la fe-
roz intransigencia de los mis-
mos curas tienen que vsstir de
seglar.
AL despedirme de mi sotana
he dorado como un niio... va
La gaceta., 1937-01-28
GradMado ell j60en
Mario Garcia

AA w ~ y
En- las ceremonies de gradua-
ci6n celebradas en- la noche de
aver, en- Ell Auditorio del Cole
gio Hillsborouh, recibi6 su di-
ploma Ell correcto y simpatico
j6ven Mario Garcia, hijo de los
esposos Maria Y Manuel Gar
cfa, del 1907 de la avenida II.
Justo premio a su dedication e
intelfgeacia.
TTabaja sl amable j6ven en-
la tfenda de Fernandez Y Gar
cia Mems Shop. AL congratu-
larlo hacemos Ia f~elicitaci6n ok
tensiva a sus queridos padres.
La gaceta., 1937-01-28
LISTOS DOCE AEROPLA-
NOS PARA UN VUELO So
BRE Ell PACIFTCO

San Diego, California, enere
28.-Doce hidroaviones de los
Estados Unidos salieron a las.
diez de la manana de hoy en- un
vuelo de 1858 millas.
Manda la escuadrilla ell te-
niente w. H. McDade, a quien
acompanaran 80 offaiales.
Esperan llegar a Pearl Har-
Dor en- un plazo de 20 horas.
La gaceta., 1937-01-28
La Protection de AuriIio

La Protection de AuriliO
La Seeci6n de Protection y
Auxilio del Centre Espahol Sc
reunira manana en- ell edificio
de Ybor City, a las $3.50 de la
n0che.
Ell secretario pide la asisten-
cia del mayor n1mero possible
de miembros, por ser de gran
importancia los asuntos que
han de tratarse.
Don Juan Sanchez es el secre
tario de Ia secci6n.
La gaceta., 1937-01-28
Ell DE MANA.
MA EN- LA FERIA

A las 900 de la mafana sc
ADRIAN las puertas; $50, las
puertas de la giorieta Sc abri-
ran; 1:30, atracciones en- la glo
rieta; 4:40, espectaculos de la
Royal American Shows; 800,
Ernie Young, "Follie de 1897:
$50, fuegos artificiales.
La gaceta., 1937-01-28
c~asimsrito en- 81 Hegar

CGsinp5rito en- su HegGr
BESIDE Ell domingo Sc encuen-
ira en- su domicilio ell niho CAST
nitric Hernandez, hijo de Lo-
renzo Hernandez, ell active juez
de paz del distrito de Ybor Ci-
ty.
LIE oper6 Y atendi6 el ilustre
cirujano DR.. Winton.
La gaceta., 1937-01-28

Premiddo ell jovencito AteG
Acadia de graduarse en- ell
institute Hillsborough, con las
mas atlas notas, al jovencito
La gaceta., 1937-01-28
Toma de Possession

T0ma de Possession
La nueva junta directiva del
Centre Espanol, la parts reno
vada, tomara possession el vier-
mes por la noche.
Una sen, lila ceremonial sc We
rificara en- ell palacio de Ybor
City.
Las elecciones Sc eActuaron
ell lrnes, poniendose dos urnas,
una en- West Tampa y otra en-
Ybor.
La gaceta., 1937-01-28
Sigue ~enfernao

StgNe enfeTTno
Centinda recluido en- Ell sana-
torio del Centric Asturiano nues
tro querido amigo ell Sr. Azure
ho Prado.
Sc halla en- Was de complete
restablecimiento.
La gaceta., 1937-01-28

Raymond Alea, hijo de un ami
go de nuesbro companero Ar
turo Capablanca. c
Raymond 'ha obtenido las
mas atlas califieaciones Y ha si-
do muy congratulate. y
Sus padres, los Vsposos Jose
ia y Ramon lea, residen en- Ia
casa n1mero TIA de la avenida
Henderson,.
La gaceta., 1937-01-28

Alfredo p. Sloan, Jr., presi-
dente de La General Motors,
que no quiere reconocer la po-
tenca de la Union de John L.
Lewis.
La gaceta., 1937-01-28

nombre del "Patio Don Quito
te".
Evening star., 1937-03-13
COOK TO Be HOST
TO 4 GREATEST"
Prima Donna and Auto
WreckerS on Varied List
for Broadcast,

TOE COOK has rounded up four
guests, each OF whom is a
worlds greatest" for his broad
cast over WRC and other N.
B. c. stations at $50 O'Clock tonight.
The guests include Lotte Lehman
OF the Metropolitan Opera Co., world's
greatest singer of German lieder; Earl
M. lucky Teter, worlds greatest
automobile wrecker; Capt. C. w. r.
Knight. worlds greatest trainer and
authority on falcons, and Ross Cor
man. worlds greatest saxophonist.
The program also includes a short
drama in which Aline MacMahon of
the movies will have the leading role.
DUKE ELLINGTON, colored COM
poser, pianist and orchestra lead
er, will conduct the Saturday Night
Swing Club" in lam session" on
WJSv at 7. Only the compositions
of Ellington will be played
GHEILA BARRETT, radio mimic,
~ and Prof. Walter B. Pitkin. who
insists that life begins at 40," will
be the guests OF Floyd Gibbons during
his "Speedshow" on WJSV at 9. Vim
cent Lopez and his orchestra will pro-
vide the music for the broadcast.
DOLLY MORAN of the movies will
attend Jimmy Melton's Saturday
Night Party" on WRC at 8. Lucia
Evening star., 1937-03-13
Protecting Minorities
Supreme Court Ruling in Oregon School Case
Upset Will of Majority.

Synod. 1t was an appeal against a
law passed by the Nebraska legisla-
ture which decreed that. under penalty
OF fine or imprisonment or both, mo
person, individually or as a teacher,
shall in any private, UNCONVENTIONAL,
parochial or public school -" teach
any subject to any person in any lam
guage other than English" In another
case from Nebraska a teacher named
Meyer had been found guilty OF
charge that on May Is, 1920, while
an instructor in Zion Parochial School,
he unlawfully taught the subject of
reading in the German language to
Raymond Parpart, child Of 10 years
- a collection of Biblical stories be-
ing used therefor" There were similar
cases from Iowa and Ohio.
In the Supreme Court the cases
were treated as subject to the same
principles and as covered by the same
provisions OF the Constitution.
The decisions in all the cases were
written by Mr.. Justice McReynolds,
who Is still on the court. All the stat
utes from all the States were found
unconstitutional; all the private
schools and teachers were upheld.
Among other things, Justice Mercy
nolds said:
1--WE think it entirely plain that the
act unreaSonably interferes with the
liberty of parents and guardians to
direct the upbringing and education
of children The child is not the
mere creature Of the state"
Destroyed Property Rights.
In part, the schools and teachers
were upheld on the ground that the
laws were an unconstitutional impair
ment Of property rights. 1t was held
that the laws prevented parents from
sending their children to private
schools, and thereby, in effect, de-
stroyed the schools as properties, and
destroyed the occupation of the
teachers.
With Justice McReynolds, six other
justices united in holding the laws
unconstitutional. There was dissent
by two justices, strangely assorted.
One was the late Mr.. Justice Holmes
considered an outstanding liberal; the
other was Mr.. Justice Sutherland, con-
sidered a strong conservative.
Between those school cases of the
early l920s, and the situation today,
the analogy is obvious. Today, Presi-
dent Roosevelt says that certain things
are desired by majority Of the peo-
pie, and that therefore the Supreme
Court ought to be changed, so that it
will declare constitutional those things
which majority of the people desire
Let us now apply Mr.. Roosevelt's
present contention to the situation in
1922. At that time majority of the
people Of Oregon and other States de-
sired to take steps which would destroy
all religious and other private schools.
The majority was prevented from so
doing by the Supreme Court.
If Mr.. Roosevelt's present position
is sound, those 1922 majorities in
Oregon and other States would have
been justified in saying that the Su-
preme Court should be changed so as
to find constitutional the laws which
those ma jorities wanted.
Copyright, 1877
Evening star., 1937-03-13

years SITS 900, 900 900 of currency and
bonds have been printed This does
not include approximately 100000
postage stamps, 100000 900 revenue
stamps and $40 100000 currency notes
Mr. Hall says paper for currency notes
il laid end to end would stretch
around the world Az times" Or
again. "the years production of post
age stamps would make a string from
here to the moon"
There is little attempt to walk Off
with old greenbacks among the $500
employees. Each bill is counted by
hand and machine about IS times.
Since 1924 Mr. Hall says. thefts have
not exceeded $4,000. The deficit is
made good by the employees.
Alvin Hall, reticent. calm, fortnight.
with level blue eyes, that twinkle
humorously, or grow penetrating when
talking big figures" was born in the
coal mining region of Harleigh, Pa
1T requires big map to find so small
a place" he said. He lived there for
80 years, becoming auditor for power
corporation. In 1918 he came to the
War Department as an accountant
| (early training Of many executives) =.
| transferred in 1919 to the independent
Bureau Of Efficiency (now obeolete) he
was detailed to make a study of the
Bureau Of Engraving and Printing.
He was appointed its director in 1924.
Snapshot impressions of engraving
and printing are clear-cut, kaleido-
scopic. Alvin Hall responsible, dis
tinguished, in stately office. lined
with framed money and stamps in
geometric designs. Whirring hands
and machines. nearly human, turning
out millions upon millions of green
backs and stamps. Two Thousand
women (55 per cent are women here)
counting $1oo to 100000 bills with
. sound Of wind blowing through
dry Autumn leaves. Two human
sponges wiping of the ink film with
hands, as fast as machines can print
Vats OF glue like taffy candy. Pals
OF vari-hued gummy ink looking like
smears on an artists palette. Imper.
feet money having holes punched in
it, and leaving a confetti-strewed floor,
Good negotiable money being rolled
into vault, with 13-ton door, at the
rate OF $574,850,000 a day.
Evening star., 1937-03-13

long debate has
that he himself has
method than has suggested
ing 10 the hope They make little
hg along this line explains
House of Representatives
lhey nope they never will have
Naturally will be nothing
snort the Presidents
the fight. 20 -
At the same time, those friends looking
the situation in the
as court packing cannot be
o"S V oppo1tion certain
sary tor the success OF
connection the
Ills proposal
same TO the
-
Furthermore the
uo ne arrived at 1t only by the elimination
moments SAID have confessed
may not do the job he to do
lnerefore some who know him best
oness this light becomes
ge MS 1ch
New Maritime
at the White House the
substantially: ~ ~
Gosh did not read this law
was appointed I hope
Nevertheless he will be- Kennedy
mas
the President wanted law is
Evening star., 1937-03-13


kind. whether a religious body or any
other school of thought.
Following the Great War there was
throughout America a tide of suSpi-
cion against aliens in America. Ac-
companying it, and partly resulting
from it, arose the ku-Klux klan, with
a special suspicion not only against
aliens but also against Catholics, Jews
and Negroes. At that time there ex-
listed against some religious and racial
groups the same kind of prejudice
that Is now being fomented against
an economic group, the so-called eco
nomic royalists"
Ma jority Oppressed Minority.
About 1920 the combined influences
Of anti-alien sentiment and the Klan
was able, in 2l States, to build up
majorities. These majorities passed
la&s against minority groups which
they did not like. They passed State
laws which in effect outlawed all re-
ligious and other private schools, and
other laws which outlaWed the teach
ing of foreign languages in any public
or private school of primary grade
The latter laws were defended on the
ground that they were necessary tc
prevent the teaching of disloyalty and
subversive radicalism or bolshevism. ,
In 1922 Oregon enacted the COM
pulsory education act. 1t was by di-
rect vote of the people, through the
popular initiative, which is part OF
Oregon's law making machinery
Hence the law expressed the direct
conscious purpose Of a majority OF
the voters The vote was 1886 in
favor to 1o3 ,6s5 against.
Accomplished by Indirection.
The law did not directly make
church schools illegal. 1t achieved
its purpose indirectly. 1t required
that every citizen must send his chill.
dren to public schools, under threat
of penalty. The law (here condensed)
read.
ANY parent having control Of 6
child under the age of l6 years, wht
shall fail to send such child to &
public school, shall be guilty Of Z
misdemeanor. Each days failure
shall constitute separate offense
and shall be subject to fine of no
more than $l00 or to Imprisonment
for not more than 80 days, or both"
The law. of course, would completely
destroy not only church schools but al
private schools. Two Oregon school!
united in contesting the law in thu
courts. One was Catholic, the Societ,
of Sisters The other was the Hi
Military Academy, an ordinary non
| denominational private school.
In the lower courts the schools lost
They appealed to the United State
Supreme Court. In the Supreme
! Court, three additional church or
! ganizations, realizing the threat t.
all religion and all religious teaching
filed briefs against the law. The,
were the American Jewish Committee
| the Seventh Day Adventists and tn
Missionary Society of the Protestan
Episcopal Church
Nebraska Case Arises.
About the time the Oregon cas-
reached the Supreme Court, numbe
OF similar cases came up from othe
States One, from Nebraska, came a
an appeal by the Evangelical Lutheran