davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1937-09-11

and thus add to paternal earnings by
an additional ton of coal a day.
WE NEVER saw the sun" ex-
planned Commissioner Tetlow.
for we left for the mines long before
dawn and we returned long after
dark. Mining was all and-picked' in
those days and three tons a day was
the average a miner produced. The
demands were seasonal, so there was
only part-time employment, especially
IN the Summer. Earnings were from
s1.75 to So a day. with an average far
lower.
THE coal was mined with picks and,
this being long before the augur drills,
we used churn drills. We blasted our
own coal, did our own timbering, laid
our own tracks. A miner in those DAYS
took complete charge and was re-
sponsible for his own work from be-
ginning to end. The average work
period was about 200 days a year
Evening star., 1937-09-11

Percy Tetow, Member of National Bituminous Coal
Commission, Recalls Time When Workers
Had Few Opportunities to See Sunlight

hazards that make mining the most
dangerous occupation in the world
today. He has seen and studied the
labor movement among miners of this
country, from its very birth. for he
was himself a "half-member." paying
half dues in the Knights of Labor as
early as 1890.
1T was my school," ne says. And
he took every course in the curriculum
in the years that followed In 1900
he was elected president of the
Miners Union. but even prior to that
he had represented the miners in
wage negotiations and other confer
ences. For nine years he served as
president Of the Eastern Ohio district
and was a member of the Miners Ex-
ecutiye Board.
IN 1912 he was appointed inter-
national organizer for the Miners
Union and in 1915 was appointed
Statlstlcian for the International
Union of United Miners. Upon his
return from the World War in 1919
ne became a special representative of
the United Miners and there he was
serving until his appointment, as one
OF the two members who had "previ-
ously been coal miners" to the new
National Bituminous Coal Commits
SION He knows the problems and
trials Of labor as no one else does
who has not lived through it all
from early childhood and grown up
WIN movement that was to make it
possible for miners to be heard when
they cried out at the injustice of their
lot.
The story Of the birth and develop
ment Of the labor movement in this
country, as it directly affected Ameri-
can miners, is an interesting one. as
related by such an excellent first
hand informer as Commissioner Tet-
low He has faculty for painting a
picture Of those early, bleak days of
the industry, when miners were
checked off" for everything from
food TO house rent, and saw paw day
after pay day roll around without ever
knowing what it was actually to ham
die money-their wages having been
used up entirely in the checking off,
process at stores and other centsrs
Evening star., 1937-09-11
Story Of Gradual Gains Made in Creation Of Riohts of
Miners and Days of Progress Toward Their
Ideals of Industrial Peace

Mine ventilation was largely by means
Of a furnace draft. In later years.
fans, propelled by steam. were used
to ventilate the mines. We had few
steam-driven fans in those days, but
not many.
Father got an extra mine car and
I took my place beside him. The
average age for boys to enter mining
was IS, but some graduated even
earlier from the seventh-grade school
and went right to work Rarely did
boy get a high school education in
mining towns.
From the beginning, mining was
part-time job, and intensely COM
petitive relationships existed between
producers in the marketing of coal.
Wages and standards of living were
constantly in jeopardy, because of lack
Of organization among the workers.
Miners were the victims of circum-
stances they had no way of controlling.
Mine supplies, groceries and other
merchandise were checked-off each
week from their wages by the coal
company that operated the stores
from which they bought them. In
many instances the company also
owned the homes occupied by the
miners and their families. and then
the rent, too, was checked off from
the pay envelope Rarely was an
actual payment of cash made to any
miner on pay days.
N SOME districts miners sough.
to improve their purchasing power
by cooperative stores. Older men of
experience were always advocating
unionization of the miners. At that
time interest was largely in legisla-
tlon-laws to promote safety conditions
IN the mines, make compulsory the
use OF suitable timber, improve venti-
latlon. In the early days the only
way out for the miner was for him to
organize to protect himself from the
abuses that existed and otherwise to
promote his interests.
1t was common for those who
| sought to improve conditions to be
victimlzed, blacklisted and denied
work by the mine owners. At that
time. Knights of Labor and other
unions had been established In Ohio,
Evening star., 1937-09-11

racing and the multitude of major
college games in that section cut
deeply into his patronage until last
year, with interest at its most apathetic
stage, the Washington sportsman
decided to transfer TO his home town.
What he brings is f1let mignon to
the menu Of the most rabid grid fan
Not only does he have under contract
a band of former all-America COL
legians. plus others who subsequently
have been considered the equal-if
not superior-of their higher-touted
colleagues, but in Ray Flaherty he has
one of the best coaches in the pro
game.
Flaherty likeable and smart red
headed young man slightly past 80
had quite a reputation as a player
even before he started to make his
presence felt as a coach. A native of
Spokane. Wash, Flaherty was an all
Pacific Coast end for Gonzaga Uni
Evening star., 1937-09-11

choicest seats for observation pur-
poses, is the custom, and no longer
do representatives of alien teams sneak
in the park. get themselves q secluded
seat and slump down behind an up
turned coat collar to avoid recognition.
HOW long does a pro last? On an
average about 10 years. Most of
the collegians enter the paid ranks
when they are about % and the
quitting time comes any time they
have passed 80. Rockies, unless all
Americans or highly-touted candi-
dates, usually start getting around
Sl25 a game (the salary of the lowest
paid Redskin) and it can increase to
as high as $4,000 per season, which
covers a period of little more than
three months. This year the schedule
calls for teams to play each member
Of its section twice on the home and
home basis and three intersectional
Evening star., 1937-09-11

spirit in the squad, and with only
few requirements he soon had the
team striving increasingly to perform
better than it ever did before. From
close observation you get the idea that
Flaherty is more a pal than slave
driver, but when necessary he can
apply the pressure.
Although each team plays primarily
for business reasons, with the lure of
greater financial award naturally
going to the best, such an ulterior
motive does not dim the quality of
fair-play, found to an exceptional
degree in one phase of the game.
Whereas most foot ball teams prefer
to conceal their tactics from future
opponents. drill behind closed gates
and-in unimportant games-use only
a few fundamental plays, a contrasting
system is found in pro foot ball. Here,
open scouting" whereby scouts of
other league teams are given the
Evening star., 1937-09-11

One of the results not foreseen by
the members of the band during their
hours of practice with the strange
tempos of this foreign music was that
years later they were commissioned to
tour Spain during the time of the ex-
positions in Sevilla and Barcelona.
playing chiefly the music of what had
once been New Spain" So successful
and popular were they that a command
performance was given before the king.
at which they were roundly applauded
and complimented by the brilliant
gathering of Spanish nobility.
The Navy was talked into allowing
the use of the Arlington Radio Station
for broadcasting these programs, the
General Electric Co. agreed to re-
broadcast them on short wave from
Schenectady for the benefit of foreign
stations, as did also the Westinghouse
Co. at Pittsburgh, and when there
happened to be time available, the
National and Columbia broadcasting
systems picked up part of the programs
and also put them on the air on their
chains. Later. the National Broad
casting Co. agreed to re-broadcast
part of all of the programs over q
national hook-up.
An interesting sidelight on one Of
these concerts some years ago was the
special arrangement made for re-
broadcasting it so that President
Hoover, on board United States
battleship on the high seas off the
South American coast, received the
entire program. thus in sense bring
ing the music of the Americas with
(See LATIN, Page B-3.)
Evening star., 1937-09-11
LATIN MUSIC SERIES
Concerts of Pan-American Union Grow in
Importance as Cultural Bonds Are
Formed on Continent.

RUT the dynamic and far-seeing Mr..
Adams eventually overcame all
such obstacles. Music in manuscript
form was begged, borrowed, or bought
by him from time to time, and when
ever he made journey to a Latin
American country and seemed to dis
appear, all you had to do was to make
a round Of music stores and the haunts
OF leading musicians and you'd soon
find him wheedling some native COM
poser into loaning copies of his manu-
scripts to be used in the concertsl
The pieces he was thus able TO
secure were copied and arranged for
band and orchestra. and since Adams
in his early years had been a bands
man and always interested in the
Army, what more natural than that
he should turn to the Army Band
and sell them the idea of learning how
to play such music.
Evening star., 1937-09-11

was the highest of any of its Eastern
colleagues.
MARSHALL kept the franchise in
Boston for five seasons, but dog
Evening star., 1937-09-11

(see LATIN. Page B-3.)
Evening star., 1937-09-11

See MINES Page B-3.)
Evening star., 1937-09-11

and thus add to paternal earnings by
an additional ton of coal a day.
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1937-09-23

Raleigh, Sept. 23-More than 700 in
quiries from prospective tourists, in
vestors, and home-seekers had been
received through August 16 as a re-
suit of the first two display adver-
tisements in the States promotional
campaign, one each in Time and Ma
tional Geographic Magazine, r. Bruce
Etheridge, director of the Department
of Conservation and Development.
said today.
Each of the 754 inquirers have been
supplied with copies of the new folder,
s.North Carolina-Variety Vacation
land" and other specific information
as requested. In cases where the
writer has expressed interest in a
particular section, his name and a
copy of his request has been forward
ed to nearby agencies equipped to
supply the information.
All except four of the 48 states are
represented in the inquiries, besides
the District of Columbia, the Canal
Zone, Canada, Cuba, England, Porto
Rico, and Switzerland. New York
leads the list in number of communi-
cations with 100, followed by Pennsy-
lvania with 72, Ohio with 81, and IL
linois with Ga.
Board Officials Study Procedure.
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1937-09-23

impressive facts on North Carolina
and its development.
Greatest Travel PrOmotional Event
This is the description given to a
tour to be conducted by the Depart
ment Of Conservation & Development
from October 9th to Goth which will
include as guests some IS to 80 lead
ing travel editors and councillors
from all parts of the Eastern and
Mid-western states.
Tours of travel councillors have
been conducted from several other
states since the one in 1885 sponsored
;by the Carolina Motor Club, but at no
time has any other state entertained
travel editors, and sports and recrea-
tional editors in this great a num-
Der, according to information of the
Department. Coleman w. Roberts, 4
member of the Advertising Commit
tee Of the Board of Conservation and
Development, who directed the 1885
tour. is also planning the October
event.
Guests will gather in Asheville on
Saturday, October 9, and after trip
into the Great Smoky Mountains Ma
tional Park, will circle through the
Sapphire Country and the Southern
Mountain district, thence north thro-
ugh the Little Switzerland, Linville
and Grandfather Mountain area.
Leaving the mountains. the motor
cade will visit leading communities
in the Piedmont, thence through the
Sandhills and the State Capital. Con-
tinuing, the trip will extend eastward
into Rocky Mount where it will turn
southwark to Wilmington and nearby
points of attraction. The tour will
turn northward from that point thro-
ugh New Bern, Washington, Edenton
and other towns to Elizabeth City and
Roanoke Island. The tour will ter
inmate after the return of the guests
to Elizabeth City.
Special entertainment features
have been prepared for the visitors
at virtually every stop. Bus COM
panies, hotels, chambers of commerce,
cities, and many other organizations
which will be mentioned later are CO.
operating toward making an extra
ordinary occasion of the tour.
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1937-09-23
COLORED PLANTER
LIKES SOIL PLAN

College Station, Raleigh, Sept. %
Isaac Tonkins, Negro farmer living
in Deep River erosion control area
near High Point, and first man in the
area to sign a cooperative agreement
to carry out the erosion-control pro-
gram, says that the only objection he
has to the program is that he can't
sell as much sand now as he used to
sell before coming cooperation.
Isaac became a cooperatOr in the
erosion-control program in July 1884
sfor better or worse, but it couldn't
a been much worse" as he says, and
agreed to have 35 acres of his farm
terraced.
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1937-09-23
10000 FAMILIES TO
GET SURPLUS FOOD
Include $4,000 Individuals Under
Listings as of September
for Public Aid

Raleigh, Sept. %. More than 3d.
600 families and $4,000 individuals
were certified as of September to
receive supplies from the Surplus
Commodities Division of the State
Board of Charities and Public Wei
fare, according to statement issued
Monday by A. e. -Langston, director
of the division.
The exact totals were 3O,25l faml-
lies and 129947 individuals, the Lang
ston statement disclosed. BuncomDe
county led the list with 1875 families
and 1924 persons, while Burke coun-
ty was not recorded as having even
one family or person on the surplus
commodities roster. New Hanover was
in second place with 1,164 families
and 5,268 persons.
The State is divided into four dis
tricts for the distribution OF surplus
commodities, with warehouses or
storerooms at Windsor, New Bern
Winston-Salem, Raleigh, Charlotte
Fayetteville, Ashevillea and North
Wilkesboro.
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1937-09-23
Many Inquiries For Data
About State Are ReceiDed
After First Advertising

J. L. Horne, Jr., chairman OF the
Advertising and Promotional Commit
tee of the Board of Conservation ana
Development; c. w. Roberts, mem
Der. of the Committee, and j. Q. Kill
kew. vice chairman of the Board
spent two days early this month in
Richmond. Va, and Washington, D.
c.. studying the advertising program
and State Parks of the neighboring
commonwealth. In Washington, they
conferred with various Federal Off
Gals on matters pertaining to the
two nhases of North Carolina's con-
servation program. They obtained in
formation and advice which is con-
sidered of great value to the State.
Wilbur G. Hall, chairman of the va.
State Commission on Conservation
and Development, was particularly
helpful to the group. The OFFICIALS
made the trip at their own expense.
Magazines Garry North Carolina
Stories.
The August issue of the BUICK
Magazine contains two-page article
under the title Virginia Dare Shores
This article was prepared by Cecil T..
Bell of the Department. The Buick
Magazine has circulation of more
than 100000. The Lincoln Magazine,
published by the Ford Company like
wise has. a page story describing the
Great Smoky Mountains.
Hollands Magazine. leading
Southern publication, in it's May issue
carried an instructive story entitled
ssNorth Carolina Rampant" Arthur
Coleman, associate editor of the mag
azine, who has been doing a series on
various Southern States, authored the
article and presented summary OF
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1937-09-23
RURAL STORES ARE
NOW GOING MODERN
Midwest Merchant Does
$4,000 Business After
Remodeling Store

Rosville, Ia, Sept. 23.-(AP)- The
country store has gone modern.
And in the rural midwest, the gen.
eral merchandise stores still prosper
If they keep pace with the times.
That is just what wise merchants
are doing. Old frame buildings are
being replaced by modern, fireproof
structure and salad dressing, bakery
bread and olives are stocked on shell
yes that once held calico, piece work
and corsets.
The modern country store has a
full basement, air conditioning sys-
tenn, refrigerator unit and, in many
cases, combination dance hall and
beer bar.
Time was when the typical country
store was a one-story frame building
housing disarranged stock Of house
hold and farm necessities. Water was
drawn from an outside we'll and Ian
terms furnished light. Wooden chairs
formed a semi-circle around the lone
heating stove, thanked on two sides by
cuspidors and perhaps cookie bar
rel.
Times have changed. The heating
stove has been replaced by a furnace
Clean, factory-built shelves and show
cases line either side of the interior
of the building. Electric signs adver-
tise the wares.
True, not all operators of country
stores keep pace with the times, and
those who failed found business lost
to the communities easily reached by
automobile.
However, wise merchants, like p.
F. Draws of this crossroad COM
nunity find business good as long as
they keep stocks atuned to the de-
mands of their neighborhood.
For IA years Draws operated a
store in an old frame building. When
the building burned last year, he
erected new one-story brick build
ing costing $4,000.
Draws new building is typical of
the modern crossroads store in the
middlewest.
ing system, its own water pressure
system from well and modern rest
rooms.
There is a large refrigerator unit
and steel vault. A cement walk and
steps have replaced wooden plankS
and electric lights illuminate the
front of the building. Half the struc-
ture is used as dance hall and there
is beer bar in the rear.
Automobiles and paved highways
forced operators of country stores to
modernize or quit, says Draws. Far
mers he reports, would rather buy
bulky goods, like feeds and flour at
a nearby store than haul them from
towns far away. Also, when they want
! products with nationally advertised
standard prices, they go to the near
est store instead of a city bargain
counter.
So Draws has altered his stock &C
| cordingly. He no longer keeps dresses
and piece work, but finds good de-
mand for work gloves, jackets, over
alls and similar articles.
Bakery bread, salad dressings
fancy brands of tea and coffee and
olives are among the "good sellers
| to his country trade.
There is evidence that progressive
country stores still progress and z
| final note for the skeptics.
| Draws reports he enjoyed $685.
| 600 business at the crossroads last
| YEAR
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1937-09-23
Do FALSE TEETH
Rock, Slide or. Slip

ROCK, Slide or Slip!
FASTEETH, a new, greatly inn
proved powder to be sprinkled on up
per or lower plates, holds false teeth
firm and comfortable all day. Can not
my, goeey, pasty taste or feeling be-
cause FASTEETH is alkaline. Makes
breath sweet and pleasant. Get FAS-
TEETH at any drug store. Accept no
substitute,
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1937-09-23

extends from 4Sth to 51st Street.
west of Fifth Avenue. and 'i !; just
as rockefeller Plaza. 1t is ron s,,0w w
one day year to insure con tsu Off
ownership of the land by Co,,'. uOas
University, which leases it 70 pa'aoia
Teller Center. 1'ocke-
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1937-09-23
pRTvATE STREET BARRED
no PUBLIC ONCE A YEAR

There is one street in New York
city which is closed during twelve
hours Of one day every year. It is the
only "private' street IN Mannatean'
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1937-09-23

China puts in the claim that in It's
principal city is to be found the high
est buildings outside the United
States.
Evening star., 1937-07-06

Come with me where moonbeams
Light Tahitian skies,
And the starlit waters
Linger in your eyes -"
You remember it? OF course you
must. 1t is The Pagan Love Song
from that memorable South Seas
movie The Pagan" The singing star
was Ramon Novarro, in the role of q
gallant, love-tortured native boy.
Signaled New Achievement.
Released in May, 1929, when thea
ters were cluttered with those strange
celluloid hybrids known as part
talkies," this film signaled new
achievement in sound recording and
verified for the fans a rumor that
Novarro was actually an actor pos
sessing an excellent singing voice.
Novarro's popularity reached its
apex with that song and that film
Nothing he had ever done in his IL
years as star-not even the title
role in the costly Ben Hur''-could
transcend his pagan performance.
When fans today think of Novarro,
and many of them still do, judging by
his mail, they conjure mental pic
ture of sad-eyed native in loin cloth
wandering along sandy beach, his
head raised in song. That image
dwarfs the thunderous spectacle of
Evening star., 1937-07-06

make personal appearance with
THE Gang Show" being shown at
9:l5 am. daily at the Palace Reader
wrote, directed, composed the music,
produced and plays the lead in THE
Gang Show"
Reader, for all the talents implied
in that list of accomplishments, is a
modest young man. He's English, in
tense, talks rapidly, has sense of
humor, remembers having been a
chorus man at Polls (now a triangle
at Fourteenth and the Avenue) years
ago, thinks he's been lucky and calls
every one 'bloke" The Boy Scouts,
of whom he's one even to staying at
their camp. are just thousands of
"blokes." Good ones, OF course.
Reader likes acting, but for rea-
son he, himself. calls "screwy." AS
a producer and director he has argued
with actors on business 50 much that
he enjoys being an actor and letting
some one tell him what to do. Even
when he thinks the director is crazy,
he is lamb about doing what he's
told. Knows the directors side too
we'll to do otherwise.
Evening star., 1937-07-06

to block any attempt to reveal 1t.
Before he became q successful song
and dance man on Broadway, Cagney
toured couple of seasons through
the tank towns as a vaudeville handy
man. During one lean period the
only way he could get a job was to
dress as a girl, wig and all, and take
his place in chorus OF IL dancing
ladies. A newspaper photographer
shot some pictures Of the group.
When Cagney's name began to have
a meaning to picture fans, the NOR
tifying pictures in the chorus girl get
up made their appearance. One by
one Cagney and his agents bought up
the prints.
The last one turned up about year
ago-at least Cagney thought it was
the last one. In this he seems 70
have been mistaken, for on the same
day he was told Of the forthcoming
magazine EXPOSE" courier rushed
in breathlessly with news that another
chorus girl print had been traced to a
Los Angeles collector.
tCopyright, 1887, by the North American
Newspaper Alliance IncD