davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1937-05-02


OWNER. CLEVELAND 714S.
MOST ELIGIBLE HOME SITE: 6s FEET
wide close to Episcopal Cathedral, adjoin-
1ne corner Mass ave: all improvements:
choice residential section: low price.
$3.50; title ready immediate closing.
Two 40-foot lots on Rittenhouse street.
Chevy Chase. D: G.: all improvements at
the low price of $1,000; another 45-foot
Chevy Chase. D. c., lot, with trees, for
ST $50: can close sale Immediately.
Four level lots each over 40 feet wide
American University Park area; water ard
sewer: homes here find ready sale $12.500
to S16,50O: title ready; can close sale
Immediately at bargain price.
Four beautiful row house lots near
corner 10th and Newton streets northwest;
built-up intown section; side and rear
alley: all improvements look at price,
orly $4,000 for. all: title ready; can close
sale within As hours.
lots on Quackenboss street and Blair
road northwest: water and sewer: all for
S3,376:, title ready; can close i'm
Three choice lots on beautiful New
paved street. water and sewer; very low
price. $4,000 all.
CALL MIR. BEALL,
ADAMS 1914.
BEALL. TURNER & CO., 11o1 vermontAve.
Evening star., 1937-05-02
LEROY GADDIS.
101 z ky, CT NJ VIZ Nail

4l2 ES-S50O-TERMS.
young truck farm. a place where you
can enjoy life. Elec phone. good roads
schools. churches. A place where children
cost you less and get more out of life.
Evening star., 1937-05-02

CHEVY CHASE. D. c.. ON IMPROVED
street; lot 5.1o0 So. II. for 81, 80; a!so
corner lot on 32nd ST. for 50 500; 18th
. and K SITS. Sc. 250-ft. street frontage,
2nc fl low houses or flats Met t4S. !.
Montana labor news., 1937-01-14
MI550ULA UNIONS
SHOW PROGRESS

MISSOULA.-The Missoula Mer-
camille Company has leased the i'm
plement shop to the foreman, and
this shop is now operating under an
agreement with the Auto Mechanics
union. It employs all union help.
The unions feel quite satisfied over
the new arrangement.
Union organizations are still grow
ing in western Montana, a charter
having been secured recently for the
Milk Drivers and Creamery En-
ployes union.
The truck drivers and laborers
have entered into an agreement with
the Montana Power Company quite
similar to that which prevails in
Butte and Anaconda. The one sore
spot with organized labor in Missoula
is the Bitter Root Market which is
still unfair and which is still being
patronized by many people in spite
OF the banner and the efforts of the
unions to induce this firm to comply
with union regulations.
Montana labor news., 1937-01-14
LEGISLATIVE HEADQUARTERS FOUNDED
NOT STOP
THIS SLAUGHTER!

Millions of American school chill
dren pledge allegiance to a nation
zone and indivisible."
Millions of their fathers are forced
to pledge allegiance to thousands of
industrial kings, dukes, lords and as
sorted economic r%oyalists."
The power of the United States
Government is vested in the will of
the people and the force of the Army
and Navy.
But Independent of any Govern
ment authority exist private ARMED
tyrannies maintained by industrial
princes. Their power rests not on
the will of their workers but on the
MIGHT of their PRIVATE armies.
Such an economic tyrant is John
G. Pew, baron of Chester, Pa, mas
ter of scores of armed private guards,
keeper of a private arsenal, lord of
barbed-wire entanglements sur
rounding his industrial domain.
Pew's workers want unionism. The
National Government declares
unionism to be the proper form of
labor relationship. The Governor of
Pennsylvania places his authority
behind the desire of Pew's workers.
But all that didn't help James l..
Young, 65~-year-old Sun Shipbuild-
ing employee, beaten and trampled
to death in a fink-inspired riot in
front of the Chester plant. Over his
body swarmed the hired minions of
John G. Pew, bought-and-paid-fo
mercenaries, provoking riot, blood
shed and slaughter.
All this happened in eastern Penn
sylvania, so close to Philadelphia
that Pew's tear gas fumes might
have been waited over the City of
Brotherly Love. In the western part
of the Keystone State, in those
famed Black Valleys you'll also find
dozens of industrial despotisms, each
Boosting its own army, its own arse
nal, its own electric charged barbed
wire entanglements, SIS own live
steam hose squad, all intended for
use against the enemy.
What enemy? The employees of
these industrial princes, citizens of
the United States.
The time has come to OUTLAW
private armies, whether they are
Ford-financed Black Legionnaires,
wild Policy Silver Shirts or the pri-
vate gangsters of Liberty Lacquer
Pew and respectable U. S. Steel.
All power to the LaFollette Sen
ate committee on civil liberties, now
engaged on turning the spotlight on
this fostering sore on the American
body politicl
Montana labor news., 1937-01-14
MINERS UNION TO BE
INFORMATION BUREAU
FOR UNION MEASURES
Silver Bow Trades and Labor
Council Authorizes Miners I'm
ion Office As Clearing House.

One of the most important actions
taken by the Silver Bow Trades and
Labor Council in its history occurred
at its session last Tuesday when the
Miners union at 82k E. Park Street
was authorized by the Silver Bow
Trades and Labor Council to be the
headquarters of all legislative activ-
ity relating to the unions of Silver
Bow County. Every union that is
interested in any proposed measure
that is now or shall be introduced at
Helena is requested to notify the
Miners union and to leave names,
addresses and telephone numbers of
officers and lobbyists so that they
can be notified by the Miners union
of all pending legislation in their
interest. The Women's Protective
union, Cooks and Walters, Musicians,
Teachers, Transfers and Miners or
CARNATIONS have drawn up measures
that will be introduced some time
during the session. These organiza-
tons particularly should submit all
necessary information.
Legislators Requested to Take Notice
Members of the House and Senate,
who are sympathetic to the aspira-
tons of the trade union movement
and the working people of the state
of Montana should take notice of the
action taken by the unions of Silver
Bow County in establishing this
headquarters. The Legislators and
senators are requested to commune
cate with the Miners union in respect
to all legislation of interest to the
union movement.
The Miners union should be in
formed of dates of all committee
hearings and also the introduction
of bills bearing on industry where
the unions are involved. The propo-
sition was brought on the floor by
Mundy of the Miners and was sug-
gested to him by Sam Spiegel, a
member of the Theatrical Workers
union and also a member of the Leg
islature, together with Commissioner
O'Byrne and Mike Mulholland, an
other member of the legislature of
Silver Bow County.
Montana labor news., 1937-01-14
EIGHT-H0UR DAY
INTERPRETED BY
STATE OFFICIAL

Attorney General Harrison J..
Freebourn today issued an opinion
directed to County Attorney J. H..
McAlear of Chester, interpreting the
eight-hour law as applicable to
highway work, and held that the
employment by a contractor, holding
a contract from the state for high
way construction, of a man for Is
hours continuously, eight hours in
one calendar day and eight hours in
the next such day, is in violation of
Montana laws.
The opinion contained the follow
ing Interpretation of sections of the
statute bearing on the eight-hour
question:
TN section 3078, relating to the
working Of females, the legislature
used the phrase "any day of twenty
four hours" In section 3081, relating
to railway employees the phrase 'in
any twenty-four hour period is
used. The 'twenty-four hour period
is mentioned in section 1908, relating
to the hours of employment Of hoist
ing engineers; in sections 3069.1 and
3069.2, relating to the hours of work
for drivers and attendants of motor
buses; in section 1910, relating to the
hours Of employment of telephone
operators.
"In the absence of any language
in the statute indicating that the leg
islature intended a day to be a cal
endar day, such construction should
be given to the statute which is in
harmony with other statutes and
with the purpose and spirit of laws
limiting the hours of work of en-
ployes. The purpose of such laws is
related to the health, morals or well
fare of the public $50 c. ]. 56). This
is no doubt one of the main objects
of the law even where the state apart
from considerations of the police
power, acting in its inherent power,
determines the number of hours
which will constitute a days labor
for all those employed by or in be-
half of the state or by contractors
who contract with the state.
ut is my opinion, therefore, that
"a day as used in section 3079 means
a period of time consisting of any
twenty-four hours and not a calendar
day from midnight to midnight and
that such employment of a man con-
%tinuously for sixteen hours, eight
hours being in n calendar day and
ending at midnight and eight hours
in the next calendar day, is in vio-
lation of the law."-Montana Record
Herald.
Montana labor news., 1937-01-14
German Jew Extradited
and Murdered

NEW YORK.-Fritz Badrian, 27-
year-old German Jew, who fled to
Czechoslovakia from his home in
Gleiwitz in September, 1885, and
was later extradited by the Nazi
government, has been murdered by
the Gestapo, according to informa-
ton received here by the American
Committee for Protection of Foreign
Born.
(Facing charges of defiling the
race through relations with a Cath
Ole girl, Badrian sought refuge in
Czechoslovakia. Late in September,
1886, Badrian was arrested and
handed owe to the Nazi authorities
at the frontier post of Oderberg.)
Recently, Badrian's family in Glei-
witt was informed by the Gestapo
that he had hanged himself" The
members of his family on appearing
to identify Badrian's body were hor-
rified to find that the face of the
dead man was nothing but an open
wound, still covered with blood.
Montana labor news., 1937-01-14
HEARSTLINGS JOIN
GUILD; BOSS RESTORE
5-DAY 4O-HOUR WEEK

CHICAGO.-(FP) - Alarmed be-
cause over so of its editorial en-
ployes joined the Chicago Newspaper
Guild, Hearst's Herald & Examiner
bulletined a notice that the 5-day
40-hour week would be restored Jan.
!. 1t also set $65 a week minimum
pay for rewrite men, $50 for copy
readers and $50 for reporters with
three years experience on metropoli-
tan papers. Photographers and
artists get a $40 minimum, junior
editors $50 and copy boys $40 after
three years, with no copyboy getting
less than SIS at the start. Also vaca-
tons with pay and dismissal bonuses.
Whereupon % additional employees
Joined the guild.
Montana labor news., 1937-01-14
\. GRIMES RETRE
As SECRETARY OF
TRADES COUNCIL

1t was with extreme regret that
the delegates of the Silver Bow
Trades and Labor Council heard
Harry Grimes, who has been its sec
rotary for the past five years, an
nounce that he was declining the
nomination for reelection.
Mr.. Grimes has been a very COM
petent secretary and has made many
friends there in his long term of of
flee. His thorough familiarity with
the work and his loyalty to all phases
of the Trades and Labor Council has
been one of the factors in enhancing
the power of the trade union move
ment in Butte during the recent past.
In speaking upon the subject of IN
ion organizations, Grimes called at
tention to some of the accomplish
ments during the time of his stew
ardship. He pictured some of the
vicissitudes that organized labor has
passed through here during that time
and particularly made reference to
the struggle of the Montana Labor
News to survive the depression. Mr..
Grimes wished the new officers sue
cess in the coming year.
Sam Farabee, who enjoys the al
most universal confidence of every
member of the Trades and Labor
Council, asked that Grimes be given
a vote of thanks for his services,
which was done. In talking upon
this motion, Delegate Farabee men
toned the fidelity and efficiency of
Secretary Grimes.
Montana labor news., 1937-01-14
new CONSTRUCTION
WORK PROGRESSING

HELENA, Jan. IA. - Montana's
building program for 1897 will pro-
vide the state with 1000 to $500
dwelling units, in the opinion OF
Barclay Craighead, state director OF
the Federal Housing Administration,
after an analysis of 1886 develop
ments and of the prospects for 1887
construction operations.
This will include new homes and
apartment houses, conversion of
existing structures into apartments
or multi-family houses, the erection
of tourist cabins and other develop
ments of a housing nature.
Mr.. Craighead bases his estimate
upon the progress in home expansion
made during the past year, upon in
quiries received from prospective
home builders as to methods of fl
nancing construction, upon the gen
orally improved financial condition
of the state as a whole and upon the
existing housing shortage resulting
from a BODYBUILDING respite dur
ing the several depression years.
In the year just ended approx
mately 700 homes were erected in
Montana, said Mr.. Craighead, of
which $50 were built in the four
cities of Billings, Helena, Missoula
and Great Falls. At what he be-
lieves to be a very conservative esti-
mate, at least $50 homes were erect
ed in other towns and cities of the
state, making a total of 700 home
structures added during the year to
the states permanent residential re-
sources.
Some of these were duplex or
fourplex buildings furnishing living
quarters for two to four families
each. In addition several apartment
houses were put up, quite a number
of large one-family houses and other
types of structures were converted
into apartments, and several hun
dred tourist cabins were erected, all
of which r finding ready and con-
slant family %occupancies during the
non-tourist season.
Taking these various types of
structures into consideration, Mr..
Craighead is of the opinion that not
less than 1900 family units were
provided during the 1886 season,
either by erection or conversion, and
that 1887 will witness an even great
er expansion in housing activities.
Montana labor news., 1937-01-14
What's Happening
in The Unions

The Carpenters union announced
that all difficulty with the Milwau-
kee Railroad has been adjusted sat
isfactorily.
Some time ago a dispute arose over
the construction of a warehouse at
the Milwaukee depot, and this news
from the union definitely removes
any faint of objection to the railroad
company. This incident may have
become troublesome owing to the
fact that many of the merchants in
Silver Bow County were using the
Milwaukee warehouse for storage
purposes. A sigh of relief was ex-
pressed when the news of settlement
was officially given out.
Montana labor news., 1937-01-14
500 BILLIONS
FOR WAR!

1.-THE days of inexpensive war
making are gone forever; at the
height of the World War, the COM
Blatant nations were spending $113,-
100000 a day in cash. 1t cost $25, 600
to take a life in the World War-and
a total of 5000, 900 lives were taken.
By the time the nations of the world
settle the last bill incurred in the
Great War, they will have paid (if
they ever do pay it, the fantastic
and dumb-founding sum of $500, 000,-
900, OO0."
Thus writes Henry Morton Robin
son in a recent issue of The Rotarian
magazine, published by Rotary In
te%rnational. Investigating the cash
cost of war to u country, this for
mer naval gunner declares: Stating
the case in large fractions we can
say that IS per cent of Americas
national income is spent in paying
for old wars, 20 per cent preparing
for new ones, thus leaving a tiny
remnant of IS per cent to be spent
on civil departments, law enforce
ment, education, public health, and
the like"
Mr.. Robinson states that 'at the
end of June, 1886, the direct cash
cost of the World War to the United
States-not including such indirect
costs as the Wars share in causing
the depression-was $45, 900, 900, 900.
Next year this figure will have to
be revised upward again by $1,000
000, 000, and in 1888 still another ST.
600, 900, 600 will be added. A half
century from now Americans will
still be paying at the rate of $1,000
000,0 600 annually"
"One of the most persistent fea-
lures of war is the long wake of
veterans churned up behind it." he
points out. Citing America as a
typical example," he says: Next
to interest charges on the national
debt, the Veterans Administration
usually claims the largest annual
share of the taxpayers dollar. This
Bureau has already spent l 7,0OO,-
000, 1000 Last year it expended $780,
600, 000-and this sum does not in
clude a single penny of the bonus
money, either"
Concluding, the author asks:
Merely as a cash register PROPOSE
ton, can anyone deny that war is
the most futile, expensive, and fan
ta~stically unproductive enterprise
that v e engaged the energies of
MANI" And then he calls on bust
ness men who stand to lose from war
to crystalline in their thinking and
actions "a will to ease tensions that
threaten peace and to promote the
goodwill that bubbles through the
soil of intelligent understanding of
neighbors across national frontiers
National Council for Prevention of
War.
Montana labor news., 1937-01-14
FRANK Shea IS
MADE NATIONAL
UNION ORGANIZER

Frank Shea, president of the Butte
Clerks union, was appointed general
organizer for Montana for the Retail
Clerks International Protective AS
ISOLATION through an action taken by
the Board at a meeting at the K. P.
Hall Tuesday night.
The Butte Clerks union under the
guidance of Frank Shea as president
and Andy Gunther as business agent
has reached the enviable distinction
of being one of the largest if not the
largest retail clerks union in the
United States. Sam Mitchell, who is
now Secretary of State, must also be
given credit for the phenomenal
growth of this organization. The la
Dor unions extend hearty congratu-
lations to Frank Shea. For years he
has represented the Clerks in the
Central Labor Council and has been
chairman of its Grievance Committee
for many years. His judgment on
that board has been unexcelled.
Sam IRWIN Also Honored
Sam IRWIN who was at one time
president of the Missoula County
Trades and Labor Assembly and an
officer of the Clerks union in Mis-
soula was unanimously endorsed as
candidate for fifth vice president of
the Retail Clerks International Pro-
tective Association. Mr.. IRWIN is an
executive board member of the Mon
tana Federation of Labor. IRWIN was
sent East by his national office to
do organizing work and reports sent
into Montana show that he has been
making excellent progress. The last
two sessions of the State Federation
of Labor has missed the congenial
personality and competent advice of
Mr.. IRWIN. 1t is hoped that Mr..
Rivin's duties in the future will per-
nit him to attend the Federation
meetings.
Montana labor news., 1937-01-14
PAT WHALEN ENDORSED

The Silver Bow Trades and Labor
Council has endorsed Pat Whalen
for the position of state boiler in
spector. Mr.. Whalen is serving in
that capacity at the present time, he
having been appointed to the posi-
ton by the late Governor Cooney.
When he applied for the position in
the beginning he was endorsed by
the Council. @
In a communication received Tues
day night, he thanked the delegates
for their assistance in the past and
gave his assurances of loyalty to
union institutions. Mr.. Whalen be-
longs to the Engineers union and has
been a member of that organization
for IS years according to a letter
that was sent to the secretary.
DR.. Mondloch, who was recently
appointed Silver Bow County physi-
Continued to Page g
Montana labor news., 1937-01-14
UNIONS, TAKE NOTICE
GRAHAM INFORMS
ABOUT MEASURES

President James Graham of the
Montana Federation of Labor, who
is keeping the unions informed of
all legislative activities, announced
that the committee on capital and
labor has fixed a hearing on the
wage guarantee bill for Friday after
noon at 2:30 o'clock. Many of the
unions are interested in this bill,
especially the Miners and Oil Work
ers. The measure is designed to pre-
vent irresponsible companies from
cheating employees out of their
wages. It's a very important mea-
sure.
The same committee has recon-
mended for passage the bill relating
to the creation of a Department of
Labor separate from the Depart
ment of Labor, Industry and Agri-
culture, which is the setup at the
present time. Should this bill carry,
it will provide a Department of La
Ebor and Industrial Relations. 1t is
sponsored by the State Federation
of Labor, the local unions of the state
and also the central labor bodies and
all progressive individuals.
The committee on workmen's COM
| ~pensation has set a hearing for the
repeal of plan 2 of the compensation
law for Monday evening at 1880 at
the State Capitol. There will be a
hearing also Thursday night, Jan.
l4th, at 800 o'clock at the Placer
Hotel on the milk control bill. Team
sters organization please take notice.
y 4
The Montana Labor News will
conduct a box score on votes cast
for all legislation by representa-
Montana labor news., 1937-01-14

ST. PAUL.-(FP)-Harry H. Pet
erson, thrice elected Farmer-Labor
encouragement of Minnesota, has
been appointed by Gov. Hjalmer
Petersen to the state supreme court.
He is the first Farmer-Laborite to
sit in the high court. AS attorney
general he helped frame the mort
gage moratorium law, the state in
come tax law, the chain store tax
measure and the homestead exemp-
ton law.
Montana labor news., 1937-01-14
SILVER BOW TRADES AND LABOR
COUNCIL ELECTS new OFFICERS FOR 1887

AT the Tuesday citing of the
Central Labor Coz If Silver Bow
County, the unioI 5 sgates elected
new officers of 8 parent body.
James Comba, n IT of the Engi-
union, wa :. ted without OPP
position to the ; on Of chairman.
Mr.. Comba hasS 4 serving in the
capacity of pre- It of the Council
for the past tal months. He
makes a very officer.
Charles Da the Teachers un-
ion vas elet without opposition
to the position of vice president. Jim
ME Leary of the Miners union had
been nominated as vice president of
the Trades and Labor Council but
declined. In his speech of declination
he stated that he was withdrawing
from the list in Difference to some
of the other union organizations. He
called attention to the fact that a
member of the Miners union, Mr..
Kennedy, was in the race for secre-
tary of the Council and he felt that
it would be a little selfish for the
Miners to try and monopolize all Of
fees of the Council.
Owing to other duties, Comba is
quite frequently absent from the ses-
sions of the Trades Council so that
the burden of conducting the meet
ings has been placed largely upon
the vice president. In assuming the
chair last Tuesday, Davis remarked
that he didn't have a wealth of ex-
perience in the new office but hopes
to improve rapidly.
The important position of secre-
tary of the Trades and Labor Coun-
Gil was won by Tom Kennedy, a
member of the Butte Miners union.
His opponent was Leonard Ripper
and the race was very close. At the
conclusion of the ~balloting for this
office Ripper extended his c~ongratu-
lations to Mr.. Kennedy and pledged
his loyal support. Kennedy then
made a talk in reply and thanked
the delegates for their confidence as
indicated in their vote.
Joe Cappa, the popular sergeant
alarms, a reelected. He is a
member of the Structural Iron
Workers union and has served in his
present capacity in the central labor
body for a number of years.
Sarah johnson was elected to the
position of statistician. She belongs
to the Women's Protective union and
had nc opposition. Miss Johnson has
served in her present capacity for a
number of years and is thoroughly
familiar with the work and is a COM
petent official.
A feeling of confidence and opti-
mism pervaded the session and many
complimentary speeches were made
both by the officers and delegates.
Moore of the Musicians called atten-
ton to the value of the Montana La
Dor News to the trade union move
ment. This sentiment was corrobor-
ated by Miss Thomas of the Teachers
organization, who remarked to the
assembled delegates of the essential
part played by the union paper in
the struggle of the teachers organ
ization.
Sam Farabee, a member of the
Blacksmiths union and past president
of the Trades and Labor Council,
acted as installing officer.
Montana labor news., 1937-01-14
WHEN GREAT MEN GET
TOGETHER

Over Maj. Bowes amateur hour
the other night:
Walter Chrysler: 81 have known
Charley Schwab for many years. In
my opinion he is n of the greatest
men this country has produced"
Charles Schwab; 81 have known
Walter Chrysler for many years. In
my opinion he is one of the greatest
men this country has produced"