davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1937-04-28
WAYS TO CHECK
PRICE RISE SOUGHT
Administration Takes Cue
From RooseVeIt-Wars
on Monopo|ies.
BACKGROUND

BACKGROUND
Antitrust laus, first enacted tn
1890 and later expanded as Amer
tcdn business Sho11ed pronounced
trend to bigness, make it criminal
Ofense for companies in interstate
competition to establish nonopolies
or fiji prices.
Recently, Government considered
antitrust action against steel COM
pdnies submitting identical bids on
P. W. A. projects, but prosecution
uas not attempted.
Tydings-Miller bill nould reldr
antitrust ldHs to extent OF sane
tioning resale contracts in States
nhere leoalised. Purpose OF con-
tracts is to preuent undertaking by
large retail organizations.
By the Associated Press.
Administration authorities. guided
by restatement of President Roose-
velt's views. cast about today for new
means to check climbing prices and
prevent monopoly.
The President, before leaving on Z
Southern fishing trip, expressed his
views in three ways:
l. He advised against speculation in
the stock market
2 He made public . report from
Attorney General Cummings saying
revision of antitrust laws was de-
sirable "in the face of the present
tendency to increase prices"
g. He wrote Vice President Garner
OF the present hazard of undue ad.
vances in prices voicing opposition
to a bill by Senator Tydings, Demo.
crat. of Maryland, to legalize certain
price maintenance understandings.
Mr.. Roosevelts statement on stocl
market speculation came as an after.
math to his recent request that Gov
ernment workers should avoid securi.
ties gambling.
Same Views "Since 1927"
Asked whether this advice also wa!
good for the general public, he replied
he had been saying so since 1927.
Mr.. Roosevelt cited small New
York town in which most of the resi-
dents lost their savings by playing thu
(See PRICES, Page A-4)
Evening star., 1937-04-28
BY WILL P. KENNEDY.

ID L
After testimony showing that while
the Thomas Jefferson Memorial struc-
ture and terraces can be erected for
So, ,000, 900 at the Tidal Basin site, in
order to get proper development
OF the surroundings, the cost may
run up to an additional $6,50o,o00.
Chairman Keller of the House Lii
brary Committee declared today he
felt it his duty to report this to the
House for action
Representative Secrest, Democrat OF
Ohio moved that before this was done
Keller and the ranking Republican
member, Representative Treadway Of
Massachusetts, confer with John Rus
sell Pope, the architect, and report
back to the committee. When the
committee adjourned, no appoint-
ment had been made with Pope. The
hearing u to be resumed tomorrow.
Evening star., 1937-04-28
WORKERS DESERT
PLANT AMID H00TS
Ignore U. A. W. A. Pickets'
Cry for Closed Shop in
Indiana Rioting.
BY the Associated Press,


CONNERSVILLE Ind, April 2s-
Eyes blood-shot from lack of sleep.
approximately 600 workmen marched
from the Rex Manufacturing Co. S
plant here today amid hootS and cat
calls of more than 300 United Auto
mobile Workers of America who had
patrolled outside of the building.
Shouts of We want closed shop"
came from U. A. w. A. pickets.
The exodus from the plant was in
decided contrast to the hand-to-hand
combat last night, in which three men
suffered injuries requiring medical at
tention. Dozens of other workmen were
cut and bruised in the rioting which
followed the calling of U. A. w. A.
strike Black eyes and bloody noses
were numerous.
Elmer Davis, U. A. w. A. organizer,
(See STRIKE, Page A-4)
Evening star., 1937-04-28
RETAIL FOOD COSTS
HIGHEST IN SIX YEARS
Trend to Continue Upward Dur
ing May, Agriculture Records
Show.

BY the Associated Press.
Federal food experts predicted today
the average family will need a little
more money in the next few weeks to
pay the grocer, butcher and baker.
Agriculture Department surveys
showed the general level Of retail food
costs recently has been the highest
in six years. The economists said
the general trend will continue
slightly upward during May and re-
main above last years level"
Supplies Of many food products are
smaller than year ago, the econo-
mists said, chiefly because Of the 1886
drought.
The survey said retail food costs
are per cent above last year. Only
eggs showed q downward trend.
Evening star., 1937-04-28
President Goes
TONeu Orleans
On Fishing Trip
viii Board Potomac
Tomorrow Night
After Day in City.
By the Associated Press.

By The Associated Press.
ABOARD ROOSEVELT TRAIN EN-
ROUTE TO NEW ORLEANS, April
28 - President Roosevelt travelled
across rain-sWept Virginia and the
Carolinas today toward the warm wa
ters of the Gulf of Mexico and his
long planned rendezvous with tarpon.
He will embark on the u S. S. Po-
tomac at New Orleans late Thursday
for 10 days Of angling off Louisiana
and Texas. He will return to WASH
ington May l3.
The President told his associates he
(See ROOSEVELT. Page A-4.)
Evening star., 1937-04-28
Bow. in Box. Hurt BY Car.

PHILADELPHIA, April % Op). -
Seven-year-o old John johnson was in
jured seriously by an automobile that
struck a cardboard box in which ths
boy was sitting in the street yesterday.
The driver said he thought the, box
was empty.
Evening star., 1937-04-28
QUEZON SAILS
President Of Philippines Will
Visit in Europe

HTesloenC Oh fn1llpplneS Will
Visit in Europe.
NEW YORK, April % (P.-Presi-
dent Manuel Quezon of the Philippine
Commonwealth sailed today on the
rope, accompanied by Mrs Quezon and
his two daughters.
He plans to study cooperative farm
ing in Denmark and land tenancy in
Ireland.
President Quezon begged off on any
interview, saying everything has been
said before and I haven't anything
new to talk about"
He will return to the United States
late in May.
Evening star., 1937-04-28
NJ 'CARRAN HITS
COURT PROPOSAL,
INDICATING DEFEAT
Lineup Likely to Be 10 to 8
Against Measure to En-
large Bench.
SENATE GROUP DECIDES
TO VOTE ON MAY 18
Unanimous Consent Given for
Comprehensive Ballot on Bill
With All Amendments.
BULLETIN,

Senator McCarran, Democrat,
of Nevada, the "balance-wheel"
member on the Senate Judiciary
Committee, announced opposition
today to the Presidents court bill.
His action virtually assured an
unfavorable report to the Senate
on the measure, those close to the
committee said.
Previously. checks of the COM
mittee membership had showed it
stood 8 to 8 on the bill. McCarran
made the tenth adverse vote and
assured a report against the bill,
provided no one should change.
Evening star., 1937-04-28
Summary of Today's Star

Editorials --A-1o Short Story B-6
Financial A-17 Sports --A-14-16
Lost e. Found A-3 Woman's Pg. B-12
Obituary ---A-12
FOREIGN.
Basque forces at Durango fall back
before rebels. Page Al
NATIONAL.
Senate committee to vote on judiciary
bill May l8. Page Al
Killing of Musick boy described to
Senate group. Page Al
Administration. leaders seeking ways
to curb prices. Page Al
Roosevelt heads for New Orleans and
fishing trip. Page Al
McGrady asks trial for Wagner act be-
fore change is sought. Page Al
Adjustable" economy measure gets
bureau approval. Page Al
Presidents economy move held bar to
flood control projects. Page Al
Denhardt to tell story Of tryst from
stand. rage A-S
Jury ry-tampering charge slows up Park
er trial Page AS
Ohio River Valley flood crest leveling
off. Page AS
Federal corporation licensing bill in
dorsed by two witnesses. Page AS
WASHINGTON AND VICINITY.
Keller to inform House Jefferson Me-
mortal to cost $5,500,000 Page Al
Gambling indictments sought against
100 persons. Page Al
Man missing, two saved in attempt to
rescue sheep in flood. Page Al
Flood crest passes, further danger
unlikely. Page Al
First trial under s. E. c. act scheduled
here. Page Az
Three Prince Georges areas reflooded
by Potomac's backwash. Page Az
Byrd lieutenant honored at National
Geographic ceremony. Page AS
Prominent persons attend Bishop Nc
Dowell rites. Page Ala
Dogs devotion to her master brings
near distaster. Page B-l
Capital Auditorium Commission to
NEST Friday. PAge B-1
Evening star., 1937-04-28
Sandbag Brigade Is Halted
When Waters Fail to
Reach Expected Depth.
Trio Rescued in River.
WORK AT NAVY YARD
HALTED BY PRECAUTIONS
Air Travel Suspended as Field
Is Covered by Water-Homes
in Chain Bridge Area Escape
Destruction - Highways Still
Open.

A t1lll page OF pictures OF flood
scenes Uill be found on Page
Al.
Evening star., 1937-04-28
WEATHER.

20. 3. Weather Bureau ForecAst.)
Mostly cloudy tonight, showers tomor-
row; not much change in temperature:
gentle, shifting winds, becoming moderate
southeast. emperatures-Highest. "a, at
$3.50 pm. yesterday; lowest, 43. at $50
am. today. Full report on page A-l9.
Evening star., 1937-04-28
BY the Associated Press.

(See SPAIN, Page A-4.)
Evening star., 1937-04-28

(See JUDICIARY, Page A-2.)
Evening star., 1937-04-28

See RIVER, Page A-2.)
Evening star., 1937-05-30
U. S. Business Man Virtually Barred
From Operating Within Russia

endeavoring to prevail upon Amer.
lean Arms to sign foreign trade con-
tracts in the Soviet Union, the gov.
ernment does not in general encour.
age these firms to maintain repre-
sentatives here. The government pre-
fers to admit representatives on tenn
porary visas which are not renewed
unless they expire during the course
Of actual negotiations.
No foreigner is permitted to buy
or sell anything here directly to or
from the consuming or producing
agency, trust or combine. All foreign
trade Is channelized through 20 ex.
port, import, export import and trans.
port combines functioning under the
commissariat of foreign trade.
All imports are handled by II COM
bines, each bearing unusual combina.
ton names. Most purchases from
the United States come through only
two of these combines, mashinoim.
port, which imports heavy machinery,
mining, metallurgical and transport
equipments, ships, diesel engines and
power equiment, and technoproim-
port, which imports machinery for
the chemical, food and light indus.
tries, road machinery. precision In.
struments and apparatus, laboratory
equipment, ball and roller bearings,
automobiles, tractors and spare parts
thereof.
Evening star., 1937-05-30
LATIN AMERICA is HELD
BLAMELESS in DEFAULTS
Fall in Prices and Shrinkage of Foreign
Trade Left Them Unable to Pay
Debts to Bankers.

With very few exceptions, the
Latin American are countries depend
ing almost exclusively on one or two
single products. The tremendous
fall in prices which was the major
characteristic of the world crisis.
therefore, intensified by the evils Of
overproduction, upset the economic
structure OF nearly every one of them,
by cutting down to half, or third,
the price Of the particular commodity
which constituted the bulk Of its
exports.
Counting largely on their exports to
cover their expenditures and meet
their foreign obligations, the Latin
American governments were forced,
by this uncomfortable decline in
values, to cut down their budgets,
create new taxes, and even compro-
mise their credit abroad.
Even more: As q result of the COL
lapse OF their buying power, they
found their foreign obligations sud
denly doubled or tripled. For they
were compelled to sell two or three
times as much Of their main products
to secure the money required for the
service OF those obligations And,
there's the rub, they could not sell
that much, because there was no de-
mand that large.
Trade Lull to Blame.
Obviously, the governments them
selves cannot be blamed for a crisis
Of this kind, unless the whole eco
nomic system which produced 1t went
out Of existence. Truly, governmental
inefiiciency and extravagances might
have added to the seriousness of the
situation in certain and well known
instances, but In the main 1t is clear
the Latin American countries are the
victims Of an economic phenomenon
beyond their contdol
The most rigorous taxation and the
most drastic domestic economies will
not produce foreign exchange, that is,
international money, unless it becomes
available through the avenues of
foreign trade, foreign investments or
foreign loans. Even If the Latin
American countries could improve
their position in relation to foreign
exchange through curtailment OF i'm
ports, the payment OF their foreign
debts would continue to be difncult
until other countries were able to
receive Latin American products In
, 6enanuod % Page DID
Evening star., 1937-05-30

grade OF workmanship during the
years of economic pressure have re-
suited in spotty distribution OF the
more highly skilled craftsmen
In like manner. the comparative
permanence OF public jobs such as
those OF the w. P. A. frequently in
fluences the less skilled workers in
hesitating to cut OF sure sustenance
in favor Of private employment OF un-
certain duration.
On long-range basis. the answer
would seem to be wo-fold; first, the
application Of apprentice training pro-
grams in the industries requiring
skilled craftsmanship and, second, the
establishment Of wage levels and work.
Evening star., 1937-05-30

ing standards for such work at planes
sufficiently attractive to make up for
the time and patience necessary to
learn a trade.
In the meantime, a partial solution
may be sought through operation Of
such an agency as the United States
Employment Service.
Created by the Wagner-Peyser act,
the service began operation on July l,
1888, and now blankets the country
either through its own agencies or
through co-ordinated effort with state
services set up during the past few
years.
Designed to bring the job to the
worker and the worker to the Job,
Evening star., 1937-05-30
~ OSCOW (P). - The Soviet
M government virtually has
wv slammed the door shut on
1 4 the American business men.


There are exactly four resident
American business men left in Mos
COW today, and the length Of their
stay is extremely problematical, mas
much as they all must renew their
resident visas every few months, and
each time the renewal is harder to
obtain.
Those left are scarcely to be Ia
beled statesmen" but rather act as
observers of economic. and political
conditions, or As technical advisers to
soyiet organizations using American
machinery and methods.
Although the Soviets some time ago
l..ade 1t obligatory for all foreign busi-
ness representatives here to register
With the peoples commissariat Of
l..lance, insofar as can be ascertained
l.y American or other foreign firm has
vt arranged to maintain registered
representatives here.
The reasons for this are not always
the same, but in general arise out Of
the peculiarities Of Soviet foreign
trade, which Is . complete monopoly
Of the State, conducted under the
supervision Of the peoples commits
sariat for foreign trade.
Although the government now b
Evening star., 1937-05-30
Huge Waterways Link
Completed bv Soviet

MOSCOW. - The opening Of the
new Moscow-Volga Canal will COM
plete the second link In the huge
Soviet waterway system. The canal
proper is 80 miles long and has five
locks, raising the waters OF the Volea
270 feet to the level Of the Moscow
River.
North Of Moscow the huge Moscow
Sea" has been created and acting as
key to the control of the Volga
water. The entire system Is con-
trolled by single dispatcher station,
while the smaller stations are oper-
ated automatically without personnel,
Evening star., 1937-05-30
Memorial Is Planned
For DIR. Sun Yat.Sen

SAN FRANCISCO (R.-This city,
once the home of DR.. Sun Yat-sen,
Chinese revolutionist and one-time
President Of the Chinese Republic,
will honor him with q statue.
A 14-foot image of stainless steel
will be erected in st. Anne's Square,
where Sun Yat-sen often studied
while planning his revolt against the
Chinese imperial house. The memo
rial Is to be the gift Of the local Kuo-
mintang, or Chinese NationAlist party.
Evening star., 1937-05-30
BY GASTON NERVAL,
\HE Securities and Exchange
Commission has forwarded to
Congress a report based on its


study Of protective committees
and agencies for holders OF defaulted
foreign governmental bonds, together
with recommendations for legislative
and other action.
In view of the fact that many Of
the Latin American government bonds
fall into that category, the recon-
mendations made to Congress will be
OF great interest to the republics on
the other side of the Rio Grande.
They will be particularly so because
they are further confirmation Of
the definite passing of dollar diplo-
macy" The commission observes that
the use OF armed force In collection
OF bondholders' claims Is incompatible
with national policy, and especially
with the present attitude of the United
States toward Latin America; that
under existing international law and
practice formal diplomatic interven-
ton in default situation, except in
such cases where the borrowing nation
Is discriminating against specific bond
holders, Is not in favor: and that the
use Of economic sanctions, such as
trade clearing agreements, from q
long range point Of view carry de-
trilnental effects which may over
balance any immediate benefit to
bondholders.
Accordingly, the commission states
that in the general run of cases the
responsibility for negotiating foreign
debt readjustments should be lodged
in capable private agencies receiving
the informal aid and cooperation Of
the Government. Such informal as
sistance in initiating and facilitat-
ing the negotiations Is frequently
rendered at present, as acknowledged
by the commission.
Most Are Unable to Pay.
The members Of Congress who will
study these recommendations and con-
slider the legislation suggested are, Of
course, already conversant with the
facts which led to the present defaults,
but 1t may help public understand
ing OF the position of the Latin Ameri-
can Governments to add, once more,
few considerations as to their will
ingness but real inability to resume
paymsnts now.
Evening star., 1937-05-30
BY JOHN C. HENRY.

~OAAA~ W
7 MM1NENCE Of wage and hour
law which will seek to impose a
maximum work week of 40 hours
L or less upon most Of American
industry focuses attention anew upon
the widely conflicting declarations Of
industry and labor on the issue Of
availability OF skilled labor.
From the beginning one Of TIE
arguments Of proponents Of the pend
ing legislation has been that the
shorter work week would help materi-
ally In reducing the unemployed rolls,
generally estimated at some 100000
persons. 1t is upon this argument
and their dogged reference to the
unemployment estimate that the forces
of labor indorsed the Black-Connery
30-hour bill and unquestionably will
press for the lowest obtainable hour
figure in the pending bill.
Spokesmen for industry, such as the
National Association of Manufacturers,
answer this contention by a positive
one of their own, namely, that there
IS q severe shortage OF skilled labor
becoming more apparent month by
month" in such occupations as the
building trades and the Woodworking
industries.
To back up their contention, they
cite April employment In the manu-
featuring industries OF some II ,0O0,O
persons, approximately the number
employed in the glad days Of 1929.
The association relies further upon
recent survey conducted by the
National Industrial Conference Board
among 404 companies in the metal
working industries. OF this number
of concerns 214 per cent reported
to be the board that they felt no
shortage Of skilled labor, 26.5 per cent
indicated that scarcity Of such labor
had been noticed and 52.5 per cent
reported that they were unable to
secure competent craftsmen to fill
jobs that were open. This last CLASH
flcation, comprising 211 companies,
declared they had jobs for 7.l58
skilled workers II they could find the
men.
Labor spokesmen, suspicious that
industry merely is attempting to drive
wages down by working up an over
supply Of labor, points again to the
unemployment rolls and denies in
sweeping terms the existence Of any
untitled demand for workers.
Within the week, for instance, M.
r NEcno~o,,rh ~ocrof c,1ror ~
the Building and Construction Trades
Department of the A. F. of L., in
formed Congress through a letter to
Representative Better, democrat Of
New York, that for the country as q
whole "at least 40 per cent of the
skilled building trades workers are
without employment" In support, he
submitted estimates from councils Of
the department scattered throughout
the country, the approximations Of
unemployment In their membership
ranging as high as so per cent in
Tampa, Fla, and In one county Of
Ohio.
Spotty Distribution.
Brushing aside for the moment the
complaints, counter complaints and
even the statistical estimates, 1t is an
obvious fact that the almost complete
Abandonment of apprentice training
during the depression, the shifting
OF occupations occurring when skilled
workers lost their trade jobs and
finally became settled in some new
position where compensation might
have been less but stability greater, the
curtailment of supply through death
and incapacity Of craftsmen, and the
willingness Of both labor and industry
Evening star., 1937-05-30

Continued on pAee DID
Evening star., 1937-05-30
FAILURE OF COUP D'ETAT
PUTS PRESIDENT In Jam
Court Plan Is Held Attempted Coup De-
spite Absence of Force; Scheme
Was Too Clever

try as whole has come first to have
uneasy suspicious and then to under.
stand the incredible audacity that has
been attempted.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1937-08-20
Ship Firms Set Up
China Embargo

PHILADELPHIA. Aug. 20.-Eight
steamship lines, carrying cargo
from Philadelphia to the Far East,
have declared an embargo on all
merchandise shipped to Shanghai,
according to the Maritime Elk
change.
Some ships are en- route to the
beleaguered city with cargoes, but
these were advised by radio to dis
charge their contents at Manila or
Hong Kong. The lines affected
are the o-s-K., the Mitsui, N-Y-K,
Bank, Prince, American Pioneer,
Blu Funnel and Ishrantdsen.Mol
Ter connnanN. Inc.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1937-08-20

which plans were made to put all
Japan on a war footing, that Nip
pom was marching into a war of
long duration and decisive out
come for all time.
Huge naval bombers, carrying
100-pound shells, roared over
Marking before dawn and dropped
10 bombs on the headquarters
buildings of the nationalist army
general staff. Ten more were
loosed over the military academy.
and as the airmen flew back to
their bases they saw flames lick
ing UP into the sky over a wide
expanSe.
Tremendous damage and an un-
known number Of deaths were
caused in Hankow when bombs
were dropped on airportS, MUM
tons factories and military posts.
PLOT PROVINCE SEIZURE
Seizure of two North China
provinces, with a population OF
40 million, is being plotted by
Japanese continental military com
manders, dispatches from Peiping
indicated.
Suspension Of the Japanese
dominated political council in
Shahar and Hopei provinces, strad
ding the great wall, will be fol
lowed Immediately by their disso
luton. Then Japanese appointees
actually will take in hand the
reins Of government.
The great metropolitan areas OF
Peiping and Tientsin already are
under Japanese subsection, and
today 100000 Japanese soldiers
were reported in semiofficial tele
grams to be crashing far up the
Nankow Pass toward the great
wall gateway into Chahar.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1937-08-20
Japanese BOnlbers
Set Capital Afire
By JAMES R. YOUNG

TOKYO, Aug. 20 Q.N.S0.
China'S capital blazed today
when Japanese bombers staged
their fourth and most destruc-
tive raid on Marking, and an
other squadron spread renewed
havoc in the river Metropolis of
Hankow.
Extension of japanese aerial
and military activity conceded
with flat announcement by
Premier Prince Fumimaro Ko-
noye that Japan was abandon
ing her policy Of non-aggression.
FOREIGN POWERS WARNED
Bidding foreign powers to keep
their hands off, the Premier made
1t clear, after a cabinet meeting at