davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times., 1937-02-11
HANEY s::: : : os 5.:.5 S:i;:: 1'S::s T a:5:; En-;
BY LEWIS HANEY
If Economics, New York University

There have been good many evidences that the prices of
high grade bonds have about high they 60
During The few months several issues have proved
The Washington times., 1937-02-11
EGGS AND LIVE POULTRY
Prices paid Shippers-\et fob.
Washington.
BY the L. $. Bureau of Agricultural
- T1UIF FUW Ut IT TIVWTTW
Economies

EgGs-Msrket just about steady at
unchanged prices. Most lots being
bought at inside quotations. 'urrent re-
CeIpts. y to u &c, henner> whites. u J..
10 &c. Government graded and dated
white eggs met pr.res pad shippers,
T 30. WashIngtonb. l.. :. Extras. large,
. i.c; l. :. ENlrds, medium. 2oc, |. ;.
Sta ndaIds large. &c.
Live PnuItrN-Maroet steady At Nm
changed pr,es. Fowl. COlored. hea y.
l6h lsc, Leghprns, lo41-o Chickens
NTElnl4 Rocks, hro!ers and 'rye's. 4
n -lC. Delaware Crosses go zoo Coin
cas-, young. .Ds and up, 4"c each. IN
der lbs. IS q gp, each, old GI.nssS.
20 a tic ea,.. Turkeys Young Hens.
l1n -ue. Young Toms. under IT, .n-. 5
~ -oc. % Jos and oyer 's.. so $.
l-c. Old Hens. lie. Ola Toms sc.
The Washington times., 1937-02-11

The most important question raised by this
condition concerns the trend Of long-term in
terest rates. The weld of bonds is the interest
on invested capital. If high grade bond prices
arc trendng down. 1Len bond Eelds are trend-
The Washington times., 1937-02-11
NEW YORK STOCK EXCHANGE QUOTATIONS
Volume Yesterday
100000 Shares

Net
High Dividend Rate High 10" 1850 IN g
Evening star., 1937-09-12

all other patriotic citizens, end among
these Is the part taken by . number
of its members in framing and Sign
ing this precious document and IN
defending and preserving 1t during
the intervening years since then.
A list Of the Deputies to the Con-
stitutional Convention. which the
writer has before him, who had re-
ceived the Masonic degrees, includes
such names as Abraham Baldwin,
Cunning Bedford, jr.; John Blair,
William Blount, David Brearley, Will
liam Richardson Davie, Jonathan
Dayton, John Dickinson, Oliver Ellis
worth, Benjamin Franklin, Elbridge
Gerry, Alexander Hamilton, William
Houston, William Samuel johnson,
Rufus King, John Langdon, John
Lansing. jr.; James McClurg, James
McHenry, Alexander Martin, Robert
Morris, William Paterson, William
Pierce, Charles Pinckney. Edmund
Randolph, George Read, Roger Sher-
man, George Walton, George Wash
ington and George Wythe.
OF these all were native-born ex-
eept James McHenry and William
Paterson, who were born in Ireland,
and Pierce Butler and Thomas Fitz-
Simons, not listed as Masons, were
also from the "Old Sod"
Robert Morris was born in England,
James Wilson, not mentioned in the
Masonic list, was born in Scotland,
and Alexander Hamilton was born
on the Island of Nevis, British West
Indies. But whatever may have been
their origin or creed, they were all
Americans and a fine set of men to
look up to.
Evening star., 1937-09-12

to sell at public auction that mos
fertile and valuable tract of land
known as Holmes Island or more
recently as Jackson City, lying in
the said county of Alexandria, bor-
dering upon the Potomac River, i'm
mediately opposite to the city of
Washington, and containing, as was
computed by its late proprietor, about
500 acres, more or less"
Benjain B. French, a well-known
public official, was grand master when
the corner stone of the Smithsonian
Institution was laid on May /, 1847.
In speaking of this event, the press
of that period said:
Early in the morning the banners
in front of the City Hall and at other
public places gave indication of a
holy day and day Of public rejoicing.
At 9 O'Clock the volunteer companies,
under the command of Capt. Tucker
and Lieut.. Tate, we're formed at their
respective parade grounds, near the
City Hall. At about the same hour
the cars arrived from Baltimore, bring
ing hither large delegation of the
Free MasonS of Baltimore and Phila-
delphia, TO unite with their honored
brethren in this District in the grand
and interesting ceremonies of laying
the foundation of an institution whose
Evening star., 1937-09-12

object is the increase and diffusion
OF knowledge among men,
"At 10 o'clock the members OF the
various lodges of Free and Accepted
Masons Of the District united with the
delegations from Maryland and Penn
sylvania and took the station assigned
them in the order of the procession by
the marshal in chief. Beverly Ran
dolph, Esq, appeared, as most of the
assistant marshals, in appropriate
badges. The Masonic part of the pro-
cession was unusually grand. We never
witnessed so numerous turnout in
this city of that ancient and respect
able fraternity, who embrace in their
body persons Of every condition Of life
and of all countries. The Philadelphia
delegation, headed by Col. James Page,
grand master Of Pennsylvania; the
Baltimore delegation, headed by
Charles Gilman, esq. grand master of
Maryland, and the Washington,
Georgetown and Alexandria delega-
tions, headed by B. B. French, esq,
the popular grand master Of the Dis
trict of Columbia; all these function
aries and several other officials whose
names we do not know, with the long
line of members in full regalia, with
their splendid banners and emblems,
presenting very interesting and i'm
posing spectacle"
FOLLOWING this, one of the great
est incidents in the Nations life
occurred, when on July 4, 1848, the
corner stone of the Washington Monu-
ment was Masonically laid, as has
been said, under bright sky, in the
presence Of the President and Vice
President of the United States" etc.
Benjamin B. French was still grand
master at this time and he delivered
an appropriate address, after which
he performed the Masonic ceremonies
in laying the stone. The dedication
Of the Monument on February al,
1885, was also participated in by the
Grand Lodge, of which Myron M.
Parker was grand master
The Grand Lodge and the con-
stitutent lodges also turned out at the
laying of the corner stone of the Cap
itol extension in 1851 and at the dedi-
cation of the statue to Gen. Washing
ton in Washington Circle, at Twenty
third street and Pennsylvania avenue,
and had quite parade in connection
with the laying of the corner stone
of the Masonic Hall, Ninth and F
streets northwest, May 20, 1868. Upon
this occasion President Andrew john
son marched over the entire route of
Evening star., 1937-09-12

Four Months Given by Delegates From States to Strug
gle With Problem of Establishing Great
Document Basic Law of Republic

New Hampshire and Rhode Island had
appointed deputies to attend. The
deputies of the Granite State were
well under way, but Little Rhody
steadfastly refused to take part.
Although the convention was sup
posed to start May IA, comparatively
few delegates were on hand, and it
was not until Friday, the 23d, that
seven States, constituting a majority.
were represented. Those who an
swered roll call at that time we're &:
New York, Alexander Hamilton and
Robert Yates; New Jersey, David
Brearley, William Churchill Houston
and William Paterson; Pennsylvania
Robert Morris, Thomas Fitzsimons,
James Wilson and Gouveneur Morris
Delaware, George Read, Richard Bas-
sett and Jacob Broom; Virginia,
George Washington, Edmund Ran
dolph, George Wythe, George Mason,
James Madison, John Blair and James
McClurg; North Carolina. Alexander
Martin, William Richardson Davie,
Richard Dobbs Spaight and Hugh
Williamson; South Carolina, John
Rutledge, Charles Cotesworth Pinck-
ney. Charles Pinckney and Pierce
Butler.
The principal business of the first
session was selection of a president
of the convention. Upon motion by
Robert Morris and by unanimous vote,
this honor was conferred upon Gen
Washington. When seated, according
| to the notes of the secret debates of
the convention taken by Robert Yates,
the hero of the Revolutionary War
declared that, as he had never been
in such situation, he felt embar-
rassed; that he hoped his errors, as
they would be unintentional, would be
excused"
There were several candidates for
secretary of the convention, one a
nephew of the venerable Benjamin
Franklin, but the appointment was
given to Maj. William Jackson, a vet
eran of the war and later Assistant
Secretary of War.
After the appointment of a door
keeper and messengers, adjournment
was taken until the following Mon
day. On that day the delegates of
Massachusetts, Nathaniel Gorham and
Rufus King, and of Connecticut Will
liam Samuel johnson and Roger Sher-
man, arrived, and the convention oc-
cupied itself with formulating rules
OF procedure.
The question Of State representation
Evening star., 1937-09-12
Now Reached Its Sesquicentennial Observance
With Ceremonies Throughout Nation.

clared "the whole human race will
be affected by the proceedings of
this convention" and when it was
over he elaborated: After the lapse
of 5000 years since the creation of
the world, America now presents the
first instance of a people assembled
to weigh deliberately and calmly and
to abide leisurely and peaceably upon
the form of government by which
they will bind themselves and their
posterity."
With the convention duly organized,
Virginia, which had taken the lead in
bringing it about, took the initiative
also in suggesting plan of action.
In long and elaborate speech, Gov.
Randolph enumerated the deficien-
cies in the existing government, as
serting the Confederation unequal 10
meeting the crisis. He then proposed
Is resolutions, the Virginia plan,
which, amended and expanded, be-
came the basis Of the Constitution.
TT WAS in these resolutions that
there was proposed the keystone
of national government, the system Of
checks and balances brought about
by separation of the legislative, ex-
ecutive and judicial branches. De-
bate of the Randolph Madison propos-
ais lasted fortnight, during which
Charles Pinckney offered an alterna-
tive plan. Finally the Virginia plan,
as amended, was reported back to the
convention with the approval of the
committee of the whole, June 13, the
small States lining up against the
large in opposition.
Increasing apprehension Of the
smaller States that they were in dan
ger Of being gobbled up by their
larger neighbors paved the way for
introduction by Paterson of the New
Jersey plan, embodying amendments
to the Articles OF Confederation and
in sharp contrast to the Virginia plan.
Weeks were then consumed in
wrangling over the States propor-
tionate representation in Congress.
Out of it grew the great compromise
of the convention and of the Constitu-
ton adopted July is. It's important
features were that in the upper house
of Congress there should be equal rep
resentation, with the lower house
membership based on population as
certained by census every 10 years.
The Connecticut delega ton u general
~ credited with having engineered the
Evening star., 1937-09-12

soon brought a division among the
delegates. Pennsylvania urged that
the large States should unite in firmly
refusing to the small States an equal
vote, as unreasonable and as enabling
the small States to negative every good
system of government" Virginia sue
ceeded in averting discrimination for
fear it might beget fatal alterations
between the large and small States"
A T THE very outset, also, so mo-
mentous was the occasion it was
considered essential that the dele
gates should be protected from all
Evening star., 1937-09-12
By William S. OdHn.

~ ARTLOAD after CARLOAD of
earth was spread on all side
walks within earshot of the
- State House, in Philadelphia,
Evening star., 1937-09-12

~ ARTLOAD after CARLOAD of
earth was spread on all side
walks within earshot of the
State House, in Philadelphia,
that the footballs of passersby might
not disturb the deliberations Of 27 men
gathered within. For they were draft
ing what William Gladstone was to
call the greatest political instrument
ever struck off on a single occasion by
the minds OF men"-the Constitution
Of the United States.
For nearly four months these men,
joined by few more from other
States, struggled with the problem of
what to do ito form a more perfect
Union. establish justice, insure domes-
tic tranquility promote the general
welfare and secure the blessings of
liberty to ourselves and our poster
ity"
Then, on September II, 1887, ex-
actly $50 years ago Friday. the Con-
stitution there drafted was adopted
That climactic event, of the highest
historic and human Importance this
week will be marked throughout the
land. Adopted by the Constitutional
Convention, the Constitution was rati-
fed separately by each State and went
into effect March 4, 1889.
The convention was the outgrowth
Of gathering of commissioners of five
! States at Annapolis in September,
| 1886, TO consider the state Of the Con-
| federation, and particularly the mud
died condition of the infant Nations
trade. The sparse attendance at An
napolis precluded it from doing any
thing of itself. but the commissioners
finally did suggest that their respective
States should use their endeavors to
! procure the concurrence of the other
States in the appointment of commits
sioners, to meet at Philadelphia on the
second Monday in May next, TO take
into consideration the situation of the
United States, to devise such further
provisions as shall appear to them nee
essary to render the Constitution of
the Federal Government adequate TO
the eXigencies of the Union, and to
report for such an act for the purpose
of the United States in Congress as
sembled, as when agreed to by them
and afterward confirmed by the Jegis-
latures of every State will effectually
provide for the same"
RY THE time set for the Philadel-
phia convention all States except
Evening star., 1937-09-12

THE next procession of note was
formed on September 1e, 1926,
when the Masons laid the corner
stone of their own building at the
southwest corner of John Marshall
place and D street, which is still
standing.
Then came the notable parade of
January II. 1886, when the fra
ternity wended its way to the south
end of the old Long Bridge, near
where Is now the Highway Bridge,
for the purpose of laying the corner
stone of town to be known as
jackson City, in honor of Andrew
Jackson, who was then President.
But with the exception of a few
gambling houses, we'll known TO a
former generation, the city never de-
veloped, and the ground hereabout is
even deemed by some at this date as
being unsuitable for even a flying
field.
Perhaps you have often heard of
Lemon City; well, this town was
similarly referred to except that it
was facetiously called "Humbug City"
However. the enthusiasm incident
to the laying of the corner stone was
there, nevertheless, for in addition to
Andrew Jackson being President he
was also a past grand master of
Tennessee.
The procession formed at Browns
Hotel, on the north side of Pennsyl-
vania avenue between Sixth and
Seventh streets, and Old Hickory
joined 1t at the north side of the
bridge, and to use a common ex-
preston it was some parade. First
came the Marine Band, then the
Jackson City Association, the Grand
Lodge OF Masons, the Odd Fellows,
orator, heads of departments, men,
bers of Congress and others.
HE corner stone was laid. but the
life of Jackson City was brief,
for IL years later there appeared in
the National Intelligencer the fol-
lowing advertisement.
valuable Real Estate for Sale
BY authority of deed of trust executed
to me by the late Richard B. Mason,
deceased, on the 28th day of August,
184l, and also of a decree of the Cir
cult Superior Court of Law and Chan
Gerry of the County Of Alexandria,
Virginia, rendered at the last June
term of said court. shall, on Friday,
the 18th day of October next, if fair,
otherwise, the next fair day, proceed,
at IL o'clock M, upon the premises,
Evening star., 1937-09-12

compromise. The compromise by
which the smaller States had equal
voice in the upper house with the
larger evoked their support of strong
national government.
On July 26 the convention took e
recess, intrusting to a committee of
detail the task of drafting an actual
Constitution carrying out the con-
vention's ideas. The committee, COM
prising Rutledge. Randolph, Gorham.
Ellsworth and Wilson, was given until
August to prepare it's report, and
from that time until September 10
the delegates debated the draft, try
ing, wearisome job. The delegates
were further harassed by the weather,
there being only five cool days dur
ing that interval. 1t is little wonder,
therefore, that before the end many
of the delegates became impatient
with sticklers for what they deemed
trivialities, and large majority in
consequence rode rough-shod over the
minority.
Discussion of how Presidents of the
United States were to be elected oc-
cupied much of the time of the dele
gates.
To James Madison historians ac-
cord the laurel of having been the
master builder of the Constitution, in
marked contrast to Alexander Ham
ilton, regarded as stronger man
intellectually. 1t is explained that
Hamilton was out Of touch, being
aristocratic rather than democratic.
1t is worthy of note that while he
took virtually no part in the debates,
Washington exerted his influence in
support Of Madison's efforts.
The average age of the Constitu-
tional Convention delegates was 43.
which, as the late Senator Henry
Cabot Lodge observed, "is not an ex-
treme senectitude"
Calling attention to the fact that the
convention was composed of men of
the world, men of affairs, soldiers, law
yers, statesmen, diplomatists and those
versed in history, Senator Lodge de-
clared. Il think that without an undue
or slavish reverence for the past or
for the men Of former generation,
we may fairly say that in patriotism
and in intellect, in knowledge, expert
ence and calmness OF judgment, these
trainers of the Constitution compare
not unfavorably with the prophets and
thinkers Of today"
Evening star., 1937-09-12
Hearts Desire.

The earliest of Miss Jennie,s men,
ories was that of express trains racing
over the meadows. For 40 years she
had watched them emerge from one
horizon and disappear into another.
Though she never had seen . time
table, she knew that the clock might
be set by the sound of rushing wheels
and the flash of flying color. Indeed,
her life was adjusted to the railroad
schedule.
Local trains did not matter. 1t
was the coming and going OF the
laundering expresses that separated
the hours for Miss Jennie. II by
chance one was a moment late she
was restless with wonder at the delay
Dimly. unconsciously almost, the
rhythm of her existence was related
to the vast and mysterious transpor-
tation system whose main line crossed
her farm. She felt it, even II she
could not explain it.
And dining cars especially intrigued
her imagination. AS girl and woman
she was fascinated by the spectacle
of people at breakfast, luncheon or
supper while travelling. Glimpses of
snowy linen, bright silver, shining
glass through the windows stirred In
her mind curious wish to examine
them close at hand. The men at
those tables we're her ideals Of man
hood, the women her models Of fash
ion. In brief, she yearned for intimate
acquaintance with the mobile other
world to which trains and their pas-
sepgers belonged.
Reason told her not to hope. but
some equally compelling instinct made
it impossible for her to abandon the
dream. Indeed, through seemingly
endless succession of months of
routine labor in kitchen, barn and
field Miss Jennie nursed the vision
of an escape from monotony into the
romance and glamour of a railroad
heaven. But fate did not seem to
care.
Then, at last, appeared the agent
for the gasoline company. His arm,
he said, would pay a thousand dollars
for site for storage station on
the side lane. Would Miss Jennie
sell? Her answer was: Why didn't
you ask that long ago?"
Evening star., 1937-09-12

pressure of public opinion and shield
ed from criticism. Accordingly, the
greatest secrecy surrounded the pro-
ceedings. Yeas and nays of the va
rious votes were not individually re-
corded. 1t was also ordered that no
copy be made of any entry in the
journal without leave.
All this was but symptomatic of
the sense of the Importance of their
work which weighed upon the dele
gates. Madison and Hamilton agreed
that the delegates were now to de-
eide forever the fate Of republican
government" Gouverneur Morris de-
Evening star., 1937-09-12

the parade in the simple character OF
master Mason.
One of the more recent and out
standing epochs in local Masonic
history occurred on November /, 1928,
when the Grand Lodge joined with
the other Grand Lodges of the United
States at Alexandria, Va, in laying
the corner stone of the George Wash
ington Memorial, later dedicated with
pomp as a shrine to Washington as
the foremost of Masons.
The exercises at Constitution Hall
on September is, when Senator Borah
will deliver the address, will be broad
cast from coast to coast by the Ma
tional Broadcasting Co., and the fol-
lowing day President Roosevelt, him.
self a master Mason, will speak to
millions of listeners-in over the radio
on matters relating to the Constitu-
ton.
There are many reasons why the
Masonic bodies will be foremost in
celebrating this occasion, along with
Evening star., 1937-09-12

shall astonish the world and invite
even the savage of the wilderness to
take shelter under its roof
HE company partook of some re-
freshments and then returned
to the place whence they came, where
g. number of toasts were drunk and
the following was delivered by the
master of the lodge CDR. Dick, and
was received with every token of ap-
probation:
Brethren and Gentlemen: May
Jealousy, that green-eyed monster, be
buried deep under the work which we
have this day completed, never to rise
again within the Federal District"
In addition to the lodge officers
mentioned the following persons are
included among the names of those
also present:
John Allison, Joseph Greenway.
Benjamin A. Hamp, Michael Madden,
Col. Dennis Ramsay. Col. Charles
Simms, Thomas West, Jesse Taylor,
jr; John Harper, Peter Waggoner,
James Taylor, Capt. John Hawkins,
Jonathan Swift, Robert McCrea, Will
liam Hodgson, John Dunlap, William
Herbert, Robert Sanford, William
Hunter, sr.; Edward Harper, William
Hunter, jr.; Charles Turner and
Michael Gretter"
Incidentally, the Daniel Carroll here
referred to was one of the first COM
missioners appointed by George Wash
ington to look after the Governments
affairs in the Federal Capital. He was
known as Daniel Carroll of Rock
Greek and was delegate from Mary
land and signer of the Constitution
and brother of Archbishop John
Carroll.
TWO YEARS after this event, on
September 18, 1898, the Masons
of the District of Columbia marched
to another corner stone laying of
national importance-the laying of
the corner stone of the Federal Capt.
tol. Especially significant and his
toric is this occasion because the
President, George Washington, turned
out with his brethren, and though
not entitled to the chief position in
line, yet he was accorded this honor
as matter of courtesy.
The exercises at the Capitol site
were under the exclusive control OF
Joseph Clark, worshipful master of
Lodge No. IL, of Annapolis, Md, act
ing as grand master Again. we find
that few accoClts of the actual pro-
ceedings that took place were pub
lished, the most complete one appear
ing in the Columbian Mirror and
Alexandria Gazette of September %,
1893 In part this states:
The procession marched two
abreast in the greatest solemn dig
nifty, with music playing, drums beat
ing, colors flying and spectators re-
loicing, from the Presidents square
to the Capitol in the City of Washing
Worcester Democrat and the ledger-enterprise. (Pocomoke City, Md.) 1921-1953, 1937-02-19

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Worcester Democrat and the ledger-enterprise. (Pocomoke City, Md.) 1921-1953, 1937-02-19

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