davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1937-07-13

the other point Of view, that OF policy,
there Is. as the Senator from Utah
has stated. a much more persuasive
reason for at all times keeping the
Supreme Court full OF able bodied
men under 10 years OF age than exists
with regard to the other Federal
courts"
Later in the debate, the Senator
from Rhode Island. Mr.. Colt, tx
pressed similar views.
Thus, from these distinguished for
mer members Of the United States
Senate we find reasoning which amply
proves and demonstrates that the same
rule should apply to the Supreme
Court, as we'll as to the lower courts.
About that, there can be no question.
No Subservient Court Wanted.
1t is argued and will continue to be
argued, as was said on the floor OF
the United States Senate just the other
day, all this talk Of aged justices is
mere camoufage and subterfuge, and
that the real purpose Of the pending
SuDSLllulc ID W IltdtC &" 'N''7'A va
judiciary. That charge is without
foundation. In my opinion, neither
| the President nor any one else wants
a subservient court.
Steadfastly, l have advocated the
adoption of an amendment to carry
out the thought contained in the Pres
jdent's message, but to safeguard II
by making a permanent plan which
no President could use for the So
called packing" of the court.
When the amendment was rejected
in the committee. l voted against the
| original bill. The amendment was
proposed when it was thought there
| was a safe majority for the origlna.
bill. Then it was I first sought tc
make the measure sound and perna-
nent program From that purpose
will not be diverted and now thai
the amendments have been accepted
I support the substitute proposal. Un-
der it, all judges will be placed or
an equal plane and appointments tc
all the courts will be made pursuant
| 10 bIldL pan anu p4oSA
In frankness, it must be said that
President Roosevelt may have more
appointments than he otherwise
would have had His power to fl
normal vacancies is not changed BY
the bill. I do not consider that ar
evil. l am not afraid to trust the
President with the selection Of any
number of judges. I know that NJ
rubber stamp" subservient Judge
will be appointed by the President
and I know no such a judge Voulc
ever be confirmed by the Senate OF
the United States. But I have always
insisted that the power TO so appoint
must not be given to obtain particu-
lar temporary end or purpose. Suct
power must come pursuant to def
mite, certain, gradual and orderly
permanent program which will apply
alike to all administrations. The
same power must be extended tc
Presidents who may follow, as vel
as to President Roosevelt. Here lies
one of the main differences between
the substitute and the original bill
While the President may have more
appointments, no person can say with
certainty that this is true. No mar
can foretell the future. Over anc
| over again, stress the fact that We
+! must never legislate to accomplish 9
Evening star., 1937-07-13

been improved by the efforts Of others.
Senators Robinson Of Arkansas. our
able and distinguished leader: Ashurst
Of Arizona, Logan Of Kentucky, McGill
OF Kansas and others have worked
long and faithfully In an honest effort
to make the measure safe. sound and
constructive. The substitute bill COM
pletely changes the potentialities Of
the origina! measure-and constitutes
merely an extension to the Supreme
Court on . sound, safe and orderly
plan, Of 4 well-known and long-recog-
nized principle which had already
been applied to the lower courts. The
proposal Is not perfect. Probably
there are defects. Legislation should
never be assumed to be perfect and
not subject to improvement.
I am q member OF the Presidents
party. I firmly believe in the high
objectives and purposes Of Franklin
D. Roosevelt. When the President
said that he wanted to meet the evil
of aged justices remaining too long
on the Federal courts and to provide
constant and systematic addition
Of younger judges. 1 believed him. l
did not accuse him Of deception.
did not doubt his word. But when
saw that the original bill had po-
| tentialities which I do not believe
he foresaw, I conceived it my duty
to help in reforming the measure
to make the bill accomplish the con-
structive thing he asked for and not
other things. We sought to build
not to destroy-either the judicial or
the executive branch Of Government.
Mr.. Sutherland Quoted.
1t has been charged. and will be
charged. that this plan may be wisely
adopted for the lower courts. but it
should not apply to the Supreme
Court. To that, I answer not in my
/ own words, but in the language of
some noted members of the United
States Senate when they were discuss
ing the similar proposal relating to
| the lower courts to which l have re-
ferred. In the year 1916, speaking
in opposition to similar measure
for the lower courts, the Senator from
Utah at that time, Mr.. Sutherland
now associate justice of the Supreme
Court OF the United States, said:
IT a judge upon the bench of the
circuit court OF appeals is incapaci-
tated, district judge may be called
to take his place and may sit upon
the Circuit Court OF Appeals; if a dis
trict Judge is incapacitated, another
district judge may be assigned to take
his place. but no such condition ex-
lists as to the Supreme Court of the
United States. Nobody else can be
called into that court SO, If there
are degrees In matter of that kind
ask the Senator from Iowa whether
he does not think the reason would
be stronger in favor OF such legisla-
ton as to the Supreme Court?"
To that observation, Senator Cum.
Minis replied:
Undoubtedly, Mr.. President. the OBJ
servation Of the Senator from Utah
has great weight, and I was about
to touch upon that phase Of the sub
ject. The remark I had made was
that, constitutionally speaking. the
Supreme Court of the United States
can be dealt with in precisely the
same way as the circuit court or the
district court can be dealt with. From
Evening star., 1937-07-13

to avail himself of the privilege Of
retiring now granted by law. that the
President be required. with the ad-
vice and consent OF the Senate, to ap-
point another Judge, who shall pre-
side over the affairs of the court and
have precedence over the older one.
This will insure. at all times. the pres
ence of judge sufficiently active to
discharge promptly and adequately
the duties OF the court"
Proposed by Mr.. McReynolds.
The Attorney General who made
thai report is today an associate JUS
tlce of the Supreme Court OF the
| United States, Mr.. Justice McReynolds.
Let me repeat, the Attorney General,
in 1913, said:
THE plan will insure, at all times,
the presence of Judge sufficiently
active to discharge promptly and ade-
quately the duties Of the court"
The present plan, as it relates to
the Supreme Court, is intended to do
the same thing for the Supreme Court,
l,e., to insure, at all times, the pres
ence OF justices sufficiently active to
discharge promptly and adequately
the duties of the court.
The suggestion of Attorney General
McReynolds was followed by Attorney
General Gregory, who made the same
recommendations to the Congress for
several succeeding years.
Following those recommendations, a
bill was introduced in the third session
OF the Sixtythird Congress which pro-
Vided IN substance exactly what At
torney General McReynolds had rec
commended That measure gave the
President of the United States power
to appoint an additional Judge for all
! judges OF the courts of the United
States below the Supreme Court who
mad attained the age of retirement
but still remained in Office, providing
only that such judge had held his
commission 10 years continuously. The
bill was referred to subcommittee of
the Senate Judiciary Committee. The
subcommittee consisted of the Senator
from Georgia, Mr.. Smith; the Senator
from Florida, Mr.. Fletcher, and the
Senator from New York, Mr.. Root
The bill was considered and reported
favorably. In report filed in Janu-
ary, 1916, on later bill embodying
substantially the same provisions, We
read:
"A bill to carry out these recon-
mendations was reported favorably bv
| th> Judiciary Committee of tho Senate
at the last session. Mr.. Root. the
senior Senator at that time from New
York, served upon the subcommittee
which reported the bill favorably and
cordially supported the measure"
Won Great Statesmen.
Any person familiar at all with the
lives, character and reputation Of
these three great Americans who
served upon this subcommittee will
know that any plan advocated and
approved by them was sound and con-
structive and that any measure which
in principle was destructive of either
the letter or the spirit of the Consti-
tuition would never have received ap-
proval at the hands of the Senator
from Georgia, Mr.. Smith, whose fame
reached throughout all the United
States, or the Senator from Florida.
Mr.. Fletcher, who served so many
years with ability and distinction in
Evening star., 1937-07-13
Nurse Finds 81 Pearls.

Miss Cara Miller, in Boston for
nurses convention, found 81 pearls
in her first order of oysters.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1937-04-18
FOREIGN EXCHANGES,

NEW YORK. April II UP.-Most for
eiGn currencies slipped q tribe lower In
terms Of the dollar today.
The British pound lost u Of a cent,
ewiss francs dropped a similar amount
and Holland guilders remained stationary;
ensagements abroad totaled SIS. 6S5. 900 in
England.
Closing rates in New York follow:
Great Britain In. dollars. others In
cents Great Britain demand, 4.91s;
demand. 4.46h; cables. 4.46M. Italy. de-
uand. 5.26A; cables. 5,2eh;,
free, 40.21; registered. 1885; travel.
gasp; Holland. 54.76; Norway, 247I;
2.17; Switzerland, 22,s3; Spain, unauoted;
Portusal AL; Greece, .!9o12: Poland.
234i Austria 1s7On; Hungary. 1880; Ru-
mania. rs; Argentina, ION; Brazil.
S.S0An: Toxic. 2S.6S; Shanghai. 1856;
Hongkons, 1885; Mexico City, 27.s5
Montreal in New York, 100.1Ola; New
York in Montreal 99.a9,..
Nominal.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1937-04-18
LONDON SECURITIES
RECOVER PARTIALLY
Mining and Commodity Shares
Remain Vulnerable-More
Adjustment Necessary.
BY LEONARD J. REID.

BY LEONARD J. REID.
~ Gable to The Star.
LONDON, April 1.-THE past week
was marked by convalescence rather
than recovery from last weeks gold
scare, certain sections of the securi-
ties market being still vulnerable,
notably the mining and commodity
shares. The necessity for further
technical adjustment is undeniable,
but, after the long spell of rising
prices, the present position is not
unexpected.
Though carryover facilities are re-
stricted, it is understood that arrange
ments are being made to assist specu-
lators recently caught overloaded.
The mining markets opend the week
nervously, the short-lived recovery
In gold mining shares giving way to
weakness due to persistent selling from
Capetown. Business later was reduced
to q small scale as liquidation dried
up. Other mines fluctuated un-
easily.
Rubber shares were overshadoWed
by the weakness in commodities. In
dustrials were patchy, with move
ments generally against holders, and
conditions were not improved by the
approach of settlement day. Though
there was little business in gilt edged
securities, prices withstood the ner-
Vousness affecting other sections.
The market is not anticipating any
startling surprises in next TUESDAYS
budget
Copyright, 1897, by the North American
Newspaper Alliance lnc)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1937-04-18
Commodity Price
Changes for Week
BY A. A. PATTON,


NEW YORK, April 17.-Plunging
downward for the second consecutive
week, commodities lost most Of the
gains chalked up during the preceding
month of rocketing prices.
Grains set the pace as the downward
picked up momentum, replacing last
weeks leader; the non-ferrous metals.
Heavy liquidation of speculative &C
counts, especially in London, plus a
drying up in demand as the result of
over buying in recent months and
some short selling, were given as rea-
sons for the setback.
The Associated Press weighed index
OF IS important wholesale commodity
prices sagged to 1926 per cent of the
1925 average from 96O8 last week and
compared with 7435 year ago.
Live. stock alone among the ma jor
groups breasted the receding tide:
hogs, cattle and lamb concurred unani-
mously in voting to continue the ex-
ploration of new high ground.
Wheat Spectacular.
Wheat and other grains were
spectacular performers. Although SUD-
plies remain scarce and stocks on hand
barely meet estimated requirements
over the next few months throughout
the world, analysts point out the time
was drawing near when new crops
would be marketed.
Recent Government reports forecast
sharply higher crops for most staples
One reason is larger planted acreage,
the other Is good moisture. The
weather Bureau yesterday stated ~
States had better than normal rain In
the first three months, only Texas.
Oklahoma, Montana, WASHINGTON
North Dakota and Michigan being
subnormal.
Corn, wheat, oats, rye and cotton
chalked up substantial losses.
Staples entering the market basket
touched new low for the year.
Sugar, coffee and butter rose, while
eggs. cocoa, flour and lard fell away.
Among industrial commodities. steel
scrap showed further weakness as
available supplies mounted steadily.
Rubber lost more than two cents
pound despite what the trade called
good consumption and inventory fig
ures for March. Turpentine and tin
also slipped with bituminous coal and
burlap Strengthening.
Textile Prices Down.
Although the textile industry oper-
ated close to the highest rate since
shortly after the World War, prices
OF wool, cotton cloth and silk crumbled
as manufacturer and dealer stock ex-
banded.
The index, with its components
based on 1925 as 100, compared as
follows:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1937-04-18
interviewer co. BOOSTS
WAGES AT MARTINSBURG
Special Dispatch to The Star.

Special Dispatch to The Star.
MARTINSBURG. W. Va, April II.
-Interwoven Stocking Co. today an
nounced pay advances, to include all
daily and hourly employees, effective as
OF April H.
No definite figure for all employees
increases is possible the statement
said, as the increase will vary in the
different departments and with the
different operations.
Some employees" the statement
added, will get larger advances than
others because some employees are now
Better paid than others. The ad-
vance, however, with one exception, is
the largest ever made in the history of
the company"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1937-04-18
WOOL MARKET QUIET
AT BOSTON IN WEEK
~ the Associated Press,

NSsUcIa FreSS.
BOSTON, April IT Omitted States
Department of Agriculture) The wool
market was mostly quiet during the
last week on domestic woods and only
moderately active on foreigns, with
quotations steady to firmer.
Business in domestic woods was con-
fined largely to mill purchases of
limited quantities for immediate re-
ouirements Of the finer grades OF
original bag territory woods.
Graded Ohio fleeces were quiet but
firmly quoted at 44-46 cents in the
grease for fine delaine, at 47-48 cents
for staple combing half-blood, 47-49
cents for combing hree-eighths blood
and 4647 cents for quarter blood.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1937-04-18
JAPANESE IMPORTS TOP
EXPORTS DURING MARCH
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, April l7.-Japan's
merchandise exports in March were
valued at s82,512OO0, leaving an i'm
port excess of s36,958,5O0, according
to cable advices received by the COM
mercial secretary of the japanese EN-
bassy.
For the first three months of the
year there was an import excess of
s92,539, $780,.
The adverse trade balance in March
was attributed by the japanese foreign
Office to increased imports Of cotton,
wool, iron, oils and machinery.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1937-04-18
u. S. OFFICIALS PROBE
DEALINGS IN WHEAT
Nv the Associated Press.


Government grain experts expressed
little surprise yesterday at the down.
ward rush of wheat prices in this
country and in world markets.
DR.. j. w. T. Duvel, chief OF the
Commodity Exchange Administration,
which enforces Federal supervision of
speculative markets, said his men were
checking to determine eff there was
any concentrated buying or selling"
Of wheat on markets in this country.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1937-04-18
KREUGER LIQUIDATORS
PLAN EARLY DIVIDEND
BY the Associated Press.

BY the ASSoclated Press.
NEW YORK, April 17.-Marine
Midland Trust Co. of New York an
nounced today receipt of word from
Stockholm that the liquidators in the
Swedish bankruptcy of Kreuger g.
Toll Co. expect to pay dividend of
rs per cett on allowed claims in about
six week..
1t was understood claim of the
secured debentures for principal and
interest has been tentatively fixed at
the equivalent of about ss75 to $500
for each $1,000 debenture.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1937-04-18
PENNSY PLANS ISSUE
TO BUY EQUIPMENT
~ the Associated Press

~ the AsSOclated PfeSS.
The Pennsylvania Railroad Co.
asked the Interstate Commerce Com
mission yesterday for authority to
issue S7,740,00O of equipment trust
certificates
The carrier said the proceeds would
be used with other funds to purchase
1850 freight cars and II electric
locomotives. estimated to cost sl0,-
100000.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1937-04-18
REICHSBANK STATEMENT.

BERLIN. April II P.-The Reichsbank
statement as of April 10 Tin thousands of
Ieichsmarks): Notes in circulation. 4,49s.-
900; decrease, $4,000: gold, 6S.O1s; in
crease, 316: foreign currency reserves. s.
067; increase, 1914: other bills of exchange
and checks. $500, 756:. decrease. 22s.19s:
othSr daily maturing obligations, 7se ,23e:
GkGase, 26.406: advances, 4Q.707: in
0eaAa S.793; Investments 1881; de-
crsase.. 12.227; ratio Of gold and foreign
eu1rencies to notes. 1.6 per cent. Rate
ofAdiscount, per cent.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1937-04-18
BALDWIN GETS ORDER
FROM R., F. & P. RAIL WAY

By the Associated Press.
RICHMOND, Va, April 1.-THE
Board of Directors of the Richmond,
Fredericksburg & Potomac Railway
has authorized the purchase of six
high-speed passenger locomotives for
delivery in November, Norman Call,
president, said today.
Baldwin Locomotive Works, of Phila-
delphia, has been given the contract
Call said the road also has ordered
5000 tons of 131-pound rails.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1937-04-18
GENERAL REFRACTORIES
ELECTS NEW PRESIDENT
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, April 17.-General
Refractories Co. of Philadelphia an
nounced yesterday the election of
Floyd L. Greene as president sue
ceeding S. M. D. Clapper, who becomes
chairman of the board.
Greene was formerly executive vice
president. The changes were made at
the request of Clapper, the company
stated.
The company's plants are located
in Southern and MidWestern regions.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1937-04-18
DISTRIBUTOR WANTED.
THE HEIGHT co

THE HEIGHT co.
The Detroit Jewel gas
range department. can use
several factory sales repre-
sentatives. See Mr.. Swonger
Monday, 10 am. Electrical
Arcade, 1st floor.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1937-04-18
AGENTS.

MYSTERIOUS disc boils water instantly
without coal gas or oil; up to $50 daily
possible; new principle; pocket size; free
offer. Write euperlux, E1khart, Ind.
AGENTS. canvassers and salesmen-Nske
cogmetics. razor blades. etc; eheapest
prices In town; price list on request. CO.
luuhte Wholesah 0undI1eS. DIT u. Z.
AZ. NV.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1937-04-18
SAlESMEN.

S~S6SNNGtN.
DISTRICT SALES MANAGER, By nation
ally known correspondence school, clean
record and ability to develop territory;
leads furnished; excellent opportunity and
suostantial yearly i,y income to hish3sype
Star ONCE
MANUFACTURERS AGENTS-Sell FEEDER
al spark plugs, iobbers only; jobbers price
PSz aere
REPUTABLE lock manufacturer has OPEN
ing for an aggressive salesman for hard
ware and industrial trade in District Of
ifcations. Address Box 400. Star ONCE
TAKE ORDERS. business stationery So Is
thousand: book matches advertising pen
ellis. shelf moulding. labels. salesbooks.
comm daily; sales portfolio free. David
Lionel Press. 312-HX. So. Hamilton. Chi
caso.
MAN WANTED for Rawleigh route OF 500
today. Rawleishs. Dept. DcD-4-sAI,
sALEsMEN--After you have seen our
proposition. II you don't think you can
tnston, don't touch 1t. Apply 351s Conn.
ave. NV.
SALESMAN. acquainted with food buyers
at the embassys and large homes. to sell
sass %ddfes ao1 Boz D!Se1s star "a oee
dealers in the District Of Columbia wants
not Necessary ss but preferred. I libe1ai
plan Of compensstion:, aiylns YOU imme..
io.sn MotoP Co. iii 18th a ST. sao direct
factory dealer.
GENERAL ELECTRIC refrigeration sales
men t2l; salary and commission. Cali at
some Appfy Me- Bfnks selns
St, Sc: between $50 and 1870 am.
UNUSUAL OPPORTUNITY for man with
car, between 30 and so years of age, for
sales work. Man who can qualify will
be trained and assured good earnings;
financial assistance. Address Box 395-T.
MEN a. between 81 and 80. to train
for routes; married men preferred. Per-
m man work good proposition for those
am. and 2 Monday. 500 llth st. sc.
SALESMEN-We are in need of four high
grade men to sell the 1887 Ford VS.. You
Eaton in a Competitive line. but our propo-
come an independent operator. When you
delivering for less than $500 is over s25.
this alone should cause you to give this
The amount AMOUNT of money one may ' derive in
this connection rests entirely with the in
dividual In replying be sure to give your
ciated with. two references and telephone
number. Address Box s Star ONCE.
DISTRIBUTOR WANTED.
Large Ohio manufacturing concern es-
tablished 81 years. with nationally adver-
tised product has opening in Washington
Tor distributor. Prefer mddle-aeed
business man who also is a capable sales
man. Customers consist of schools hos
pitfalls. churches. theaters, public institu-
tons. industrial and public utilities. all
classes OF business concerns. country estate
owners and better class Of farmers. An
exclusive patent product with more than
1000 OF Americas largest concerns as
to open his own office later on establish a
service department With man in charge.
to be shipped direct from factory. Only
small amount Of capital required for. a
stock to take care OF rush orders; Similar
try show earnings up to $4,000 $1,000 a
year and upward. Write complete details
plies kept CONFIDENTIAL. Address Genera al
Sales Director. Factory p. o. Box 9s3
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1937-04-18
MOTOR TRAVEL,


YOUNG man driving Plymouth to Miami.
reasonable. Address Box 314-S, Star Office.
YOUNG LADY DESIRES TRANSFORM
ton Tallahassee. Fla. or point near about
Emerson 1855 after pm. Miss Kirkland,
DRIVING. TO DALLAS, FORT WORTH,
North 1000. Nix. Nilsson s'lA 'A''ASs''
FOR PASSENGERS OR IF YOU PREFER
to travel with another to any part Of U. s.
b s RsD sp ae.fy f. sf1 vs. 1851 sfy1s
St: nv Potomsc o4l7. IS.
FRESNO CALF. EITHER NORTHERN OR
Southern route. 1887 Buick sedan. Can
changed address BOZ s5s-s. Star ono. is'
WILLIAMSBURG, YORKTOWN. JAMES
town, Gettysburg. Wakefield Stratford.
Monticello. Natural Bridge; private party;
subscription. Phone Emerson 1924. 1s'
COVERED WAGON TRAILER, 1885
model. for rent by week or month: low rate.
Walnut 2a74 ' ~ Is:
DRIVING IN PONTIAC SEDAN Los AN
eeles Monday. take three passengers: ex-
perienced driver; references exchanged En-
VACATION TRIP MAY Is TO JUNE IA
Via Yellowstone. Grand Canyon Dalla S
Exposition and return; gentleman wants
driving Address Box 452-T Star office
KANSAS CITY MAY list; EXCELLENT
expenses. North 6124-M Miss Smith
LADY WILL MAKE SUNDAY TRIPS TO
Skyline Drive or elsewhere; 3 or ladies
4s6-s. Star ONCE