davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1937-07-01
Limit to Press Freedom
Good Taste and Morals of Newspapers Seen as Onlv
Hope to Avoid Clamp.

cember 2 last year, soon after the
election, a tabloid newspaper In New
York, the Daily News, printed a story
under the headline: Hoover Nav
Take a Walk-to Britain" The article
began:
Herbert Hoover, the country's only
living ex-Pl esident, was flirting last
night with an urgent invitation bv
British friends to desert his native
land. Like Charles A. Lindbergh, who
quit America year ago, Hoover was
considering going to the British Isles
for a protracted stay, to live as an
expatriate from the land that twice
repudlated his political philosophy
1t is fair to the News to add that
on the following day it printed. con-
splcuously, Mr.. Hoover's vigorous
denial:
The following telegram was re-
ceived yesterday from ex-President
Hoover. 1t referred to story printed
on page of Wednesdays News. titled
Hoover May Take Walk-to Britain
There is not a single statement or
word of truth in your statement of
this morning with respect to myself.
Will you kindly publish this? (Sipned)
Herbert Hoover We apologize TO Mr..
Hoover for the error ."
While the News printed that retrac-
ton, think every one will agree that
the original story ought not to have
been printed, and that that sort of
thing ought not to happen, either to
an ex-President, or to any one else.
Here are four persons, the President,
the Presidents wife, the ex-President,
and a recent candidate for President,
all having causes of complaint against
newspapers, complaints which, | most
persons will agree, are justified.
Different Press Standards.
In discussing this, it is necessary
to observe distinctions. Between the
extremes OF the press, as between the
extremes of most groups. there is a
wide distance. Some newspapers, es-
pecially the standard type-perhaps I
should call it the more old-fashioned
type-are so different from some other
newspapers, that almost they have
little in common other than that both
are printed with ink on paper. Yet
the press Is commonly spoken Of as
including all papers.
Many newspaper publishers and
writers are aware that their calling is
under criticism. Columnist Westbrook
Pegler recently suggested that "an
honest examination of conscience in
our business" might do some per-
manent good" And the Danburv
Comm NeWs-Times warns that the
press needs to look to its methods.
its manners and its morals" There is
searching of heart among newspapers.
and there better be. Not only for
ordinary reasons, but for one supreme
reason.
The attempt at fundamental change
in the American form of government
and society now under way can hardly
succeed unless it can restrain one of
the great safeguards of the old Ameri-
can system of individualism. Just
as the time came when it was nee
eSsary to try to make the courts sub
servient, so will the time come when it
will be necessary to try to limit free
Evening star., 1937-07-01

evaded the request by loaning a cam
era to a Congressman who was one
of the Presidents guests. The two
services say the Congressman used his
own camera.
Fundamentally what is in ques-
ton here is whether a President has
right to privacy when he is relaxing
at picnic on an island, and when
specific request has been made that
his privacy be not invaded Most
Americans, think, will say the Presi-
dent has right to privacy, in these
circumstances and in others. And
they will say that every private citi-
zen likewise has rights of privacy.
And most Americans will add that
the right of privacy is frequently
violated
Complaints Frequent
Complaints against newspapers in
this respect are frequent lately. A
complaint by the recent Republican
candidate for President was carried
by a United Press dispatch:
Topeka, Kans,, January 16.-The
metropolitan press invades too far
into the private life of political fig
ures, Alfred NJ. Landon said last night
at meeting of the Kansas Press
Association. The private life of
public figure should belong to him.
Mr.. Landon asserted. Large metro
polltan daily newspapers and big city
and press association photographers
have done much to invade the privacy
Of public figures lives. They seem
to think that the more unbecoming
pose they can catch a public figure
in, the better the reader and the man
aging editors will like it "
Charges Of invasion of privacy. and
of inaccuracy, are made against more
than the newspaper photographers.
Last Fall when the Presidents wife
was kept in Boston for some time by
the Illness of her son there, she wrote
in her newspaper column;
"Boston.-It is becoming more and
more a mystery to me how many
newspapers acquire non-exstent
news. Here I am in Boston, and I
open the morning papers, and I find
things about my own family which
have no real foundation in fact"
There is another example. On De-
Evening star., 1937-07-01

terfered with, there is a substantial
impairment of liberty in the long
established constitutional sense. The
right is as essential to the laborer as
to the capitalist, to the poor as to
the rich; for the vast majority of per-
sons have no other honest way to begin
to acquire property, save by working
for money" This quotation comes
from the well-known case of Coppage
VS.. Kansas.
Here are frequently quoted excerpts
from other opinions by the Supreme
Court of the United States which to-
day are also part of the law of the
land:
The right to work for a living in
the common occupations of the COM
munity is of the very essence of the
personal freedom and opportunity that
it was the purpose of the amendments
to secure" Truax vs. Raich.
The very idea that one man may
be compelled to hold his life. or the
means of living, or any material right
essential to the enjoyment of life, at
the mere will Of another, seems to be
intolerable in any country where free
dom prevails as being the essence of
slavery ITSELF Yickwo vs. Hopkins.
Equality of Opportunity.
THE fourteenth amendment
undoubtedly intended not only that
there should be no arbitrary depriva-
ton of life or liberty, or arbitrary
spoliation Of property, but that equal
protection and security should be given
to all under like circumstances in the
enjoyment of their personal and civil
rights; that all persons should be
equally entitled to pursue their hap
piness and acquire and enjoy prop
erty' -. Barber VS.. Connolly
These decisions have become deeply
Evening star., 1937-07-01

dom of the press. Many thoughtful
persons believe this to be inevitable
in the situation. Some Well-informed
persons say the attempt is not far
ahead.
When and if that issue arises, it is
desirable the newspapers have public
support. To have public support, they
should have clean hands. Newspapers
cannot claim. under the cloak of free
dom of the press, the right to invade
privacy as some newspapers now do,
nor the right to commit the mac
curacies that some papers now do.
Freedom of the press means free dis
cussion of public affairs, and the free
right to print accurate accounts of
the public actions Of officials It
does not mean the right to print in
Evening star., 1937-07-01

YHEN Admiral Raymond Pat.
NNi ton was appointed director
Y Of the United State. Coast
and Geodetic Survey, De-
partment Of Commerce, he became
head of the Oldest scientific bureau
in the Government.
1t goes back to President jefferson,
who conceived the idea. Congress
created the organic act in 1907 to
make survey of our coasts. Many
famous men have served on It's per-
sonnel. Its first director was Fer.
dinand Hassler, instructor In mathe-
matics at West Point It's second
was Alexander Bache. great-grandson
Of Benjamin Franklin. Admiral
Peary entered the service as
draughtsman, Alexander Aegassiz
served as an officer, Thomas Harri-
son and James Mcneil Whistler laid
the foundation of their drawing and
art expression as result of the far
away coast survey life.
Admiral Patton, appointed in 1929
its twelfth director, was born in 1882
az Sidney, Ohio, He came to the
Coast and Geodetic Survey fresh from
his graduation in 1904 at Western
Reserve University. His co-Workers
regard him highly, say that he Is a
just, able, serious man, who lives for
his work, which is wholly non-political
IN its appointments. Out of approx
imately 1900 people. in the bureau
I'll are officers, who have relative
ranks with the Navy.
A feet of u vessels constantly IA
chartlng our shore line for use by the
Navy and merchant marine. At
present one vessel is surveying tho
west coast Of Palawan. four vessels
are IN Alaska, two along the Cali.
fOrnla coast, one in the Gulf of Mex.
leo, three resurveylng the approa che,
to New York Harbor In the in
terror geodetic parties are making
graclty observations. determining fu.
ture astronomical stations, compiling
typographical maps from photographs
taken by alrplane, making tide and
current surveys and seiSmoIogical oh.
servatlons that supply data from
earthquake records for the designing
Of embarrassing structures. Through
almost a century and a half the
service has taken its officers through
out all kinds Of country and climate,
through sWamps of the South. tropical
Wllds OF the Philippine Islands and
the frozen Arctic wastes.
Admiral Patton has been through
the stress and strain from stem to
stern. He has known the lonely
motif as a junior officer on the At.
lantic and Pacific Coasts, in Alaska,
the Philippines. as lieutenant com.
mander in the Navy during the World
war. His ability was early recog-
nized, his promotions rapid. Honors
have accrued. An authority on coast
erosion, beach protection, Patton
started and is now director of the
American Shore and Beach Preserva.
ton Association. He is a past presi-
dent OF the Washington Society of
Engineers, a life trustee of the Ma.
tlonal Geographic Society, member
OF numerous technical and scientific
societies.
Evening star., 1937-07-01

lmbedded in the foundations of Ameri-
can law, and, while occasionally there
is a division of opinion among justices
as to the particular facts or circuln-
stances in given case, there has been
unanlmlty of expression by the courts
on the basic idea that the right to
work is sacred and that picketing
Which goes beyond the lawfully pre-
scrlbed methods of persuasion or in
ducement Of fellow workmen is vio-
lation not only of State laws, but Of
the guarantees to be found in the Fed
eral Constitution itself.
tCopyright, 1887
Evening star., 1937-07-01
Rockefeller Estate Closed.

DAYTONA BEACH, Fla, July l
tP1.-Ward Madison, secretary to the
late John D. Rockefeller, closed up
the deceased philanthropists Winter
home, the Easements. at Ormond
Beach, yesterday and left for Lake
wood, N. j.
Madison was expected to go to Lake
wood to close the Rockefeller estate
there. The Easements is on the mar
ket at price of sI5O.OOo.
Evening star., 1937-07-01

ranged by one OF the conservative odne
dream that the bureau
When the President told the Ounce can
m bringing up the subject OF third
little more feellngabt coaked
asked about the money we'd erilzing
We can't eat god' They might especially erled To
hep the deficit
which apparently bury under
-' N
coDyrsht 1857. by The 1nl
Evening star., 1937-07-01


The shape labor
departments notably the Treasury
Ialded OF their best legal talent by the
Now that the demand labor increased
the National
be the
Washington finding in their courses on
labor law. ~ ~
IN the huaooo OF New Deal projects which
inspection to interpreting
PROJECT under an old deal has been overlooked
1t worth looking chance you probably won't
unless have
IT'S map-nah1ng project under the sponsorship OF
Puohc Roads Tth the
project doesn't chart the geological suev
maps marks ereyting else.
IL mas the got
@ In c there 81 symbols virtually
the hand of made
some OF the made mile
ihe rival the military of
the Americans used. ~ '
The purpose Of the highway planning but
ouloers or invading Naturally Department good
Evening star., 1937-07-01
What's Back of It All
Union Movement Creates Demand for Specialists in
Labor and Labor Law.
RY H. r. RAI1KHAGE

BY H. r.. BAUKHAGE.
! invented this
| of
About county the
pennsylvania avenue IT the President had
ably could have used them all inspecting
something the
He had to get in line
just
ne assured me they take proposition
1he cyn1c Snchered "Chdlt another for
BILL boys" he shouted.
Well replied the Senator the court but Won
Know I'd sort of like to to
Evening star., 1937-07-01

but his untering allegiance in session
Specialists from the Iron Steel Institute
in the city of metropolitan
Wesnook Pger has down another
the Chicago Memorial
he is blocking intellectual traffic
Miss Dorothy Thompson to dscoUer
on the same side OF the political
bdters OF this land liberty
PRESIDENT Roosevelt has been members
OF congress on Jefferson
would be better site Representative Hamilton
o OF the New Deal noujrvpoblv
because nearly all
place young named Du Elrira
washington D. C. young Roosevelt has
SOUNDS Ike dangerous experiment an
Hhoap opJect puG most A
paper calls Presidents
Harvard boat the having conuon in nice
restrained o
european diplomacy resembles
10 explain the Ensten theory femen
Evening star., 1937-07-01

t h e Presidents
recent visit to
Jefferson Island.
The White House
had requested all
t h e photograph
services that they
take no pictures
of the President
W h lie on the
| S ! a n d. T h e
charge is that
IhlS request was
violated by the
TWO S e + V II c c S.
Apparently Mr..
E a + ly charges
that the services
Evening star., 1937-07-01

meaning under
the Federal Con-
stitution, and, as
recently as May
IS, the Supreme
c ourt of the
United States in
terpreted them
a g a n. Today,
that decision and
m a n y previous
decisions on these
same points are
the supreme law
of the land" in
Ia Dor disputes.
But the law of
the land. because
Evening star., 1937-07-01

Uern1any and Italy are preparing
to declare war again on the Span
ish government. Blum has fallen
In France. Russia has gone ursine.
Hitler is calling all bluffs except
Mussolini's and England is doing
the greatest tight-rope walking act
OF the century. The British weren't
allowed to see news reels of the
wedding Of the Duke of Windsor.
Americans were not permitted to
see neWs-reels of police killing
Evening star., 1937-07-01

accurate statements of any kind. and
1t does not include the right TO violate
privacy as a part of the press now
violates 1t. The newspapers better
watch their step.
(Copyright 1872
Evening star., 1937-07-01

IeU CI1t UIIIef DOyS De CHe SlateS-
men. I'm Just going to look after
the folks back home the best I
can"
Speaking of the Boy Scouts
and speaking always with the
proper deference-one of the in
ccnsistencies that arises to meet
the eye is the fact their big party
is called which Web
ster indellcately defines as a noisy
or unrestrained carousel or frolic;
Evening star., 1937-07-01

We exchanged scandals. Is
So The hot-ueather peroino
the to
seems TO De considerably dgitdted
there IS plenty OF trouble ahead in this uod
In other
Few OF its
90 lar we nave got on easy the obligations
Now pper-or
Evening star., 1937-07-01

customer. So ought the political
workers to be and the lightning
rod statesmen.
In carrying out the project,
surveys are now being made in
40 States-more than the Geologi-
cal Survey, the Nations chief map
maker, has been able to map. The
States match Federal funds for the
work.
A master planning job, if ever
Evening star., 1937-07-01

sun-spots Than at any time since
1870. The last two peaks in solar
blemishes occurred in 1929 and
1917. which suggests that some
thing must be popping on this
particular little planet.
Tom Girdler has seeded from
the Union, but announces his un-
faltering allegiance to the Su-
preme Court. The Supreme Court
Is not in session. John Lewis has
SoroIo1 frN,,,
Evening star., 1937-07-01

1t is contained in declarations made
at different times or because it is
not reiterated by public officials often
for the benefit of the laymen, is some
times ignored Hence it is important
at this time for the citizen. both on
the labor side and the employer side,
to read again some of the fundamen-
tails about which, by the way, there
has been relatively little difference of
opinion by the courts, both Federal
and State, over period Of many
years.
Peaceful Picketing Defined.
Thus Justice Brandeis, outstanding
liberal of the Supreme Court, IN his
May Is opinion on behalf of the
court discusses peaceful picketing"
as that term is used by many States
in their laws governing labor rela-
tons. He says: That term as used
implies not only absence of violence,
but absence of any unlawful act. 1t
preCludes the intimidation of custom
ers. 1t precludes any form of physi-
cal obstruction or interference with
the plaintiffs business (the en-
ploye)."
Justice Brands in the same opin-
lon explained the limits of peaceful
picketing by referring to a previous
case-Truax VS.. Corrigan-Wherein
the court pointed out that it was
wrong for pickets to engage in con-
duct which was not lawful persua-
sion or inducing or was not mere
appeal to the sympathetic and would
be aid of customers by simple state
ment of the fact of the strike and
the request to withhold patronage"
Right in Fourteenth Amendment.
The whole principle of the right to
work and the right not to be molested
or intimldated or coerced is to be found
in the fourteenth amendment to the
Federal Constitution, which says:
mo State shall deprive any
personal of life, liberty, or property
without due process of law; nor deny
to any person within its jurisdiction
the equal protection of the laws
Here are some of the important
precedents which the Supreme Court
has established in expounding that
particular amendment:
While this court has not attempted
to define with exactness the libery
thus guaranteed. the term has received
much consideration and some of the
included things have been definitely
stated.
Without doubt, it denotes not mere
ly freedom from bodily restraint but
also the right Of the individual to con-
tract, to engage in any of the common
occupations of life, to acquire useful
knowledge, to marry. establish a home
and bring up children, to worship
God according to the dictates of his
own conscience and generally to enjoy
those privileges long recognized at
common law as essential to the orderly
pursuit of happiness by free men,"
The quotation is from the case known
as Meyer VS.. Nebraska.
Contracts Upheld.
There is another which reads as
follows:
Included in the right of personal
liberty and the right of private prop
erty-partaking of the nature of each
is the right to make contracts for
the acquisition Of property. Chief
among such contracts is that of per-
sonal employment by which labor and
other services are exchanged for money
or other forms of property. If this
right be struck down or arbitrarily in
Evening star., 1937-07-01
We, the People
Hodgepodge of Trouble Means World Must Pay
Piper for Postwar Decade.
BY JAY FRANKLIN.

ME New Deal invading
the the anet
Jupiter while politicians
storm the size Of the United States North
Neat CLOUDS OF DUST surface OF
apparently the Martns
political campaign.
Evening star., 1937-07-01
BY MARK SULLIVAN.

Y NE OF The Presidents secre-
I taries, Stephen Early. who
has principal charge Of White
House press relations, has
disciplined two news photograph serv-
ices, the Acme and the Associated
Press The discipline takes the form
OF barring the two services from the
Presidents home, Hyde Park, during
Mr.. Roosevelt's visit to his mother.
The complaint against the two serv-
ices is based on an incident during
Evening star., 1937-07-01

THE opinions of the on this page are their on not
Th eecesary The Stars Such opinions presented IN
e ooT eDor TO g1ve all sides questions interest to its
feaaes although such opinions conradictory arono
themselves and directly opposed to The Stars S
Evening star., 1937-07-01
Right to Work
OftenUpheld
by Court
Unlawful R estraint
From Labor Is Viola
ton of Constitution.
BY DAVID LAWRENCE

HUBLIC interest of late has CEN
- tered on the right to work"
and on the right to strike"
which latter term has usually
been construed to mean also the right
by one group of workmen peacefully
to persuade other Workmen to refrain
from work.
These phrases have significant
Evening star., 1937-07-01
An American
You Should
Know
Admiral Patton Directs
Oldest u. S. Scien-
tihc Bureau.
BY DELLA PYNCHON.

yHEN Admiral Raymond Pat.
NN| ton was appointed director
Of the United States Coast
and Gaodetic S,rr,n-- IA
Evening star., 1937-07-01

(Copyrlght, 1877.
Evening star., 1937-02-14
INCREASE IN NAVAL
RESERVE Is URGED
Navy Department Asks for Three
More Men for
Division.

Efforts are being made to have Con-
gress increase the size Of the feet di-
visions of the Naval Reserve units.
The Navy Department has recon-
mended to Congress that each division
be increased by another three enlisted
men.
Provision for the increase Is con-
tained in the appropriation bill. as 1t
is provided for by an increase Of funds.
The size of the feet divisions is lin.
tied by the appropriation for pay pur-
poses, as each officer and enlisted man
receives a days pay of his rank Of
rating for each drill attended.
The department last year asked for
an increase of 20 men per division.
but Congress cut this to 10.
In the local battalion there are many
men of the volunteer class drilling
regularly with the feet divisions, purely
because of their interest in getting
the naval training. They are not re-
quired to attend drills and are not re-
quired to participate in the annual
cruises Neither are they permitted
to take the cruises. except in rare in
stances. where their presence will not
prevent a member of the Fleet Reserve
from making cruise. At other times
special opportunities to cruise are pro-
vided for these men. but they must
bear their transportation costs to and
from the port of embarkation and de-
barkation. Efforts have been made
for years to have Congress make pro-
vision for pay for cruising certain
percentage of these men each year. so
that a man can get in at least one
cruise with pay during each four-year
enlistment.
Evening star., 1937-02-14
NATIONAL UNION

A ladies' auxiliary will be formed
and delegates to the Executive Board
were instructed to secure names from
the nine councils as charter members.
The new chairman is Richard A. WAL
ker. District Manager Arthur g.
Brown announced the formation of q
class of so candidates for the initiation
the latter part of March in Pythian
Temple.
United Council will have a dance
in March
George w. Spire presided at the
meeting Of Victory Council. Louis B.
Strickrott, John G. Stewart and Sam
uel Trupp were elected trustees. AL
fred Walford and Samuel Trupp are
the additional delegates to the Execu-
tive Board.
Events this week are: Monday, Po-
tomac Council, Pythian Temple; Gen.
trail Council, Woodmen Of the World
Hall. Tuesday, Mckinley Council,
Northeast Masonic Temple: State,
War and Navy Council, room 723,
Colorado Building; Wednesday, Con-
gressional Council, Typographical
Temple. Thursday, National Union
Bowling League, Convention Hall.
Friday. United Council. Pythian Tenn
PIE.