davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Omaha guide., 1937-07-03

Mr.. and Mrs. Harold Gray Of
Kansas City, Kas., and Mrs. B. +
Cummings Of Chicago 7 the
guests Of Mr.. and Mrs. Goode Of
2S20 No. 25th street.
The Omaha guide., 1937-07-03
CLUBS
For Quick Sale

3 rooms all modern in the heart
of the business district near oath
and Lake streets. Newly decorated
and painted. Price, $2,75O. Cash
$500. Payments to suit. Call AT
1926 or for further information
call at Guide office, ask for C. C.
Galloway.
The Omaha guide., 1937-07-03
NOTICE

Due to Monday, July 9th, being
q holiday, there will be no music
classes at the Urban League.
Henryetta Makins, directories
The Omaha guide., 1937-07-03

Hrs. Lovay Young has just ne
turned home aftf visiting relatives
ard friends IN St. Paul, Mimi.
The Omaha guide., 1937-07-03

Mr.. Edward ". Killingsworth re.
turned Friday from Paris, Teas,
where his father was very i'll. IL
stopped over on his way back in
Muskogee, Okla, where he was the
guest Of Mr.. and Mrs. Albert Har-
rison, parents of Miss Ethel f.
Brown. He also visited Atty Chan
der, formerly Of Omaha. Mr.. Kill
ingsworth reported a pleasant vi
sit and that his father is improv-
ing.
The Omaha guide., 1937-07-03

Mrs 0phelia Watson, the sister
of Mrs. Willie Howard Of OFT No.
25th street, is making her home
with Mrs. Howard. Mrs. Watson IS
from New Orleans, La.
The Omaha guide., 1937-07-03

Pleats are once O coming INTO
their own, and promise to be lead
ing summer progresses.
The frock illustrated on the left
is of tan linen with red horizon
tai stripes in jacket with 1-pece
dress of %all-around side-pleated
skirt.
The other depicts an interesting
border print in spun rayon, IN dan
brown on white. Note the fullness
of the skirt.
The Omaha guide., 1937-07-03
Society

Mrs. Ida Crew Monroe Of Chi
cago, a cousin to Mrs. Ella Long,
.2517 Lake street, will be the house
guest of Mr.. and Mrs. Long. Mrs.
Long has been a shut-i4 f,r over
a year, and we hope that she will
soon be able TO be up again.
The Omaha guide., 1937-07-03

Mrs. +. NJ. Moore has returned
from Dallas. Texas.
The Omaha guide., 1937-07-03
Atty. Charles f. Davis
RIM. | Tuchman Bldg. gath & LAX
PROBATE NOTICE

IKOBAIE NOil0E
In the matter Of the estate o
Lula r. Thomas, deceased.
Notice Is hereby given:
That the creditors Of said de-
ceased win meet the exeeutrix Of
said estate, before me, County
Judge Of Douglas County, Nebras-
IA. at the County Court Room, IL
said 1n the 2Srd day q
Au on The 23rd deg
Of oet Ser lee7. at Q o'clock a. n
eacl day, fer he purpose Of pre-
sentine their claims for examine
lion, adjustment ana allowance.
Three months are allowed for the
creditors to present their claims,
from the 23rd day Of July 1897.
Bryce Crawford
County Judge
Be. FEN. TIT 1887
The Omaha guide., 1937-07-03

Mr.. and Mrs. S. Sanford Of 954
No. 2Sth avenue, have just returned
from California where they spent
q delightful thirty days vacation,
visiting relatives and friends. They
enjoyed a wonderful trip.
The Omaha guide., 1937-07-03

Mr.. anw Mrs. Paul Barnett rele-
brated their first wedding anniver-
sary at their home, 1928 Binney
street, June 10th.
The fete was a Cocktail party, at
which rs guests were entertained.
The ewing was very pleasantly
spent with various sort of amuse-
ments. The guests complimented
Mrs. Barnett, as beng a very love
~ hostess.
The Omaha guide., 1937-07-03
AZ Your Best!

Nothing beats a clean system
for healthl SO at the first sign
of constipation, take purely vege-
table Black-D raught for prompt
relief. Many have said Black
Draught brings such refreshing
relief BY its cleansing action,
poisonous effects Of constipation
are driven out; you soon feel bet
ter and more efficient. And TO
be rid of constipation or Sluggish
ness puts you in better trim for
recreation after work hours and
on days off duty.
It costs less than most other
laxatives.
DRAUCHT
For Constipation
The Omaha guide., 1937-07-03
ATIONAi
CHURCH
Rev. Irving, Pastor
Abner Irving. Reporter

Services were good all day Sun
day. The sermon dealt with fai h,
and it was clearly shown that to
please God you must believe Him.
Rev. Sanders preached the evening
sermon, subject, True Greatness.
Services sunday morning and
night. Everybody is welcome.
Evening star., 1937-10-19

but two purposes. Either they ara
intended to build up false public ans
tagonism to the coal act or they ara
harbingers of plan by chiselers to
impose undue prices upon the domes.
tic consumer. AS have said, the Ma
tional Bituminous Coal Commission
does not have the force of law to stop
such unfair practices, but it will havs
the force of public opinion, and to that
bar We will not hesitate to turn.
Act Bears on Coal Cost.
Under the coal act of 1887, our
commission is vested with a power
which bears vitality not only upon the
future of ouT industry, but also upon
the cost of coal to the consumer. The
commission has authority 10 intervene
in any case before the Interstate Com
merce Commission in which freight
rates on bituminous coal are under
| consideration. 1t is the first time in
history that an agency of the Federal
Government has been clothed with
authority to protect producers and
consumers of coal against unreason-
able transportation charges. We cam
not, and would not, deny the right OF
the carriers TO fair rates for trans
porting coal, but we do insist that
upon coal ha. fallen an undue share
of the transportation burden, burden
that is entirely out of proportion TO
(See FORUM, Page A-20)
Evening star., 1937-10-19

dealers. The commission will super
wise the opertion Of wholesale distrib-
utors, but beyond that point. the power
Of the national Government does not
extend.
News stories have appeared in the
press which give all Of us cause for
deep concern. Recently / read that
a retail coal dealer blamed on the
coal act an increase of $3.50 per ton
in the price OF bituminous coal to
domestic consumers And within the
past few days read another article
which quoted a spokesman for a
retail coal organization as predicting
general rise in tine price of coal
to the householder, because, he said
Of Government price fixing, labor
costs and higher freight rates"
I say to you, with all the emphasis
at my command, that the National
Bituminous Coal Commission has
taken 10 action which warrants such
statements or an increase in the price
of COAL The bituminous coal indus
try was not brought to its present
state by the prices which domestic
consumers have paid; in a measure
the domestic market has helped to
carry the burden of losses sustained
by coal producers through price cut
ting and dumping in industrial mar
kets.
Obviously such statements can have
Evening star., 1937-10-19

to administer this law? Congress Gre
ated the National Bituminous Coal
Commission consisting Of seven men,
appointed by the President and con-
flrmed by the Senate Of the United
States; two Of whom must have had
previous experience as producers in
the industry, two more Of whom shall
have had experience as miners Of coal,
with the remaining three selected
without reference to industry expert
ence. None of the members of the
commission are permitted to have any
interest either in the coal industry or
in any competitive fuel industry. Thus,
this board of seven men sits as an i'm
partial administrative body
Supplementing the commission, Con-
gress divided the coal-producing areas
of the country into % districts, in each
of which is created q board Of coal
producers. elected by the coal industry
itself, with one representative Of labor
on each board. These district boards
are vested with administrative and
advisory powers under the general
supervision of the commission. In this
way the coal industry takes an active
part in the administration Of the law.
1t is happy combination of co-opera-
tive industry action and governmental
supervision.
Many Of my audience naturally are
concerned about what effect this pro-
gram will have upon coal prices.
have heard wild reports and unsup-
ported predictions that coal prices
would be increased as much as 50
per ton. Common sense should tell
us that there is no justification for
years, and in too many cases, btu
minous coal has been sold at prices
below cost, and there have been
entirely too many instances where
industry buyers have been able to
obtain most advantageous prices at
the expense of other consumers. That
condition can and must be remedied.
Such buyers of coal will experience a
substantial increase in coal prices.
And why should they not?
1t is my judgment, and think that
my view is shared by my fellow
commissioners, that these price inc
qualities must not be permitted to
continue, and 1 personally look for
fairer distribution of the cost Of coal
among consumers than ever before.
Power Limited Under Law.
However, there is a limit to our
power under the law. The commission
cannot govern retail prices of coal to
domestic consumers. but certainly We
will lend our moral support to every
effort to maintain reasonable prices
and fair trade practices among retail
Evening star., 1937-10-19

law is the elimination OF indscrimi-
nate price cutting or dumping. The
National Bituminous Coal Commis-
sion is required to establish minimum
prices for all bituminous coal. In
other words, it does not fix the price
at which coal is to be sold by the pro-
ducer but it does establish a minimum
price below which a producer may not
60 in his effort to secure business.
think it is universal rule of sound
business, and certainly it is plain
common sense, that any man engaged
in business cannot continue to sell his
commodity at less than production
cost and expect to survive
Obviously conditions In the industry
could not be permanently corrected if
we merely decided that each indi-
vidual producer should not sell coal
below his particular costs. That would
cause an immediate scramble to re-
duce production costs; and with labor
accounting for so per cent of the total
cost, wage slashes would be the first
step and strikes the inevitable result.
Nor would it be fair merely to take
some groups of mines and use their
costs as a basis. That would only en-
courage more bitter competition be-
tween producing fields and producing
States.
10 Price Areas Created.
After studying all of the conditions
nf RI tcfr
gress divided the coal producing areas
Of the United States into 10 minimum
price areas, each price area embracing
those producing fields which have
common production and marketing
characteristics. The law requires all
producers to file complete statistical
data as to costs Of production, and
from these the commission will deter
mine weighted average cost for each
price area. Upon this average cost it
will base minimum prices.
We must remember also that We are
dealing with an industry that has built
up channels of distribution which
cannot be reconstructed in a single
day. Therefore, the commission is
vested with discretionary power in its
determination of minimum prices in
order that it may give full considera-
ton to such factors as transportation
costs, the competition Of other fuels.
and the necessity of affording the
members of the coal industry proper
opportunity to find markets for their
product. The law recognizes the prac-
tical problems Of the industry and
gives the commission authority to re-
wise minimum prices in order TO meet
changing market needs.
Naturally the question arises. who Is
Evening star., 1937-10-19
C. F. HOSFORD, J.

this. On the contrary they have rea-
son to welcome it."
At last your Government has gone
beyond fact-finding and publicity. 1t
has enacted a law which will trans
late recommendations into terms of
affirmative action and progress.
am we'll aware that heated con-
troversies have continued over the
wisdom of having the Federal Gov
ernment exercise its power in behalf
of the coal industry. Those who are
honestly, but none the less blindly, Op-
posed to exercise of governmental au-
thority see in the bituminous coal act
of 1887 a dangerous precedent for the
future Some consumers of coal. OBJ
viously misunderstanding the purposes
of the law, express premature opposi-
ton because of fear of drastic in
creases in fuel costs. Others view the
law as an opportunity for the coal
industry to exploit itself at public ex-
pense and thereby reap inordinate
profits. A few opponents seem to in
Evening star., 1937-10-19

terpret the law as an effort to place
control of the industry in the hands
Of labor And within the coal indus
try itself q small minority, insignifi-
cant in numbers, but most powerful
in wealth and influence, has openly
expressed It's vigorous opposition to
any action by the Government which
would tend to deprive them OF their
self-asserted power to rule or ruin the
industry under the hypnotic doctrine
that is known as free and unrestrict-
ed competition"
Attacks Misconceptions.
In this brief talk I will try to clear
away some of these misconceptions OF
the law and outline its true philoso-
ply and purpose. Let me sum up
these purposes as follows:
The conservation of bituminous coal
as an essential national resource by
discouraging waSteful mining prac-
tices; the restoration and mainte-
nance of fair competition in the mar
keting of coal by banishing unfair
trade practices; the establishment Of
sound business conditions in the in
dustry by doing away with ruinous
price cutting; the preservation. OF
proper relationships between employers
and labor in the industry by assuring
coal prices to producers which will
enable them to maintain reasonably
safe working conditions and wages
commensurate with American stand
ards of living; the maintenance OF fair
relationships between producers and
distributors of coal; safeguarding con-
sumers' interests by Stabilization OF
production and distribution, and. last
but not least, bringing the members
Of the coal industry to better under
standing of their obligations to each
other to labor in the industry and to
the consuming public-all to the end
that they may eventually attain the
ability to govern their own affairs.
How does the bituminous coal act
Of 1887 propose to carry these pur-
poses into effect?
This act has been referred to as a
price law, and the small minor
ity that would like to destroy it has
painted a picture Of producers and
consumers of coal bound in the future
to accept and pay prices rigidly estab-
lished by arbitrary determination OF q
Government agency. Only in one in
stance under the law is the coal COM
mission vested with such power, and
that is in the event OF an emergency
which creates a shortage OF coal ac-
companied by an excessive price rise
to consumers. Under such conditions.
the commission may prescribe and
enforce maximum prices.
One OF the major objectives Of this
Evening star., 1937-10-19

today wastes, in the process of mining,
one third of the tonnage of coal it
produces, or approximately 100000 900
tons every year In terms OF energy,
this is equivalent to twice the produc-
ton of natural gas in the United
States. We have an industry where,
in past years, attempted wage slashing
occasioned by cut-throat competition,
led to strikes with consequent blood
shed, financial losses and interruption
of coal supplies to the consumers.
Small wonder, then. that your Govern
ment, acting in the public interest,
finally interviewed to stabilize this
industry which. after years of futile
attempts at self-government. despe-
the Government
Program Not UnStudied.
The present program for stabiliza-
ton of the bituminous coal industry
by Federal enactment came not as an
unstudied or hasty measure. Since
shortly after the close of the World
War the subject of legislation for the
industry has almost constantly been
before the Congress and innumerable
plans and proposals have been sub
mitted by men familiar with its con-
ditions. through years of study and
of practical experience. Let us under
stand at the outset, therefore, that
the coal act of 1887 is neither political
in origin nor the product of an ideal
istic theory. AS early as 1928 John
Hays Hammond, one of the ablest
engineers of our time and chairman
of the National Coal Commission ap-
pointed by President Harding. in re-
porting the findings of his commission
to Congress said:
The Government must go beyond
continuous fact-finding and publicity
important and elementary as these
functions are. The Government
can act only through administrative
agencies and it is clear that if any
thing is to be done at all commensu-
rate with the gravity of the problem,
an executive agency. with sufficient
funds, experience and power at its
disposal must be charged with the
direct responsibility for such regula-
ton and supervision as is necessary.
Honest and efficient coal operators
and dealers have nothing to fear from
Evening star., 1937-10-19
COAL BODY'S HEAD
TELLS FUNCTIONS.
Hosford Tells Forum Listen
ers No Commission Act
JuStifies Price Rise.

G. r. Hosford jr., chairman of the
National Bituminous Coal Commission,
told a Nation wide radio audience
last night that the commission has
taken no action warranting an in
crease in the price of coal to do
mestic consumers.
Speaking in the National Radio
Forum, sponsored by The Evening
Star and the National Broadcasting
Co, Mr.. Hosford explained that the
commission has no authority to govern
retail prices of coal, but would lend
its moral support to every effort to
maintain reasonable prices and fair
trade practices among retail dealers"
He said the commission was created
by the bituminous coal act of 1887
to attempt to stabilize the coal in
dustry, in which utter demoraliza-
ton has prevailed for two decades. "
by enforcing fair trade practices and
minimum price levels to eliminate cut
throat competition.
The program should remove inequi-
ties in coal prices, he said, resulting
In substantial increases to industry
buyers, whom he charged in the past
too often had been able TO buy coal
below cost at the expense of other
consumers.
He explained objectives of the coal
act in detail. in an effort to clear
misconceptions.
Text of HosfOrd Address.
The text of Mr.. Hosford's address
follows:
To thousands of my radio audience,
"bituminous coal' signifies fuel for
use in homes and industries. To the
economist, coal is a great natural re-
source upon which the industries of
our Nation must depend for their
power and energy now and in future
generations. To the chemist, the
term coal" denotes mineral from
which comes raw materials for count
less products essential to our health
and comshrt. But to 10000 coal pro-
ducers scattered throughout the Ma
ton, to $4,000 more distributors of coal,
to 100000 miners, and to hundreds of
communities in our % coal-producing
States. bituninous coal means pros
perity or starvation, comfort or want.
need not recite at length the his
tory OF this great national industry
during the past 20 years. Studies OF
economists, the records Of our courts,
the reports of public and private agen-
cies, including more than 20 commit
tees of Congress. depict only too clearly
the utter demoraliza ton which has
prevailed for more than two decades.
Coal producers. men of the highest
intelligence and ability, have unsuc-
cessfully devoted their time and energy
to the production of coal in an effort
to acquire competency. Indiscrimi-
nate price cutting and unfair trade
practices utterly destroyed their hopes
and caused a breakdown of business
morale Communities dependent upon
the industry have undergone prolonged
periods of gaunt depression. The min
erS have too frequently received bare
starvation wages We have here an
industry representing an investment of
more than three and one-half billions
of dollars. yet this industry regularly
and constantly reports heavy annual
losses. We have an industry which
Twin-City herald. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1927-1940, 1937-12-25
THANKS BE UNTO GOD FOR
HIS UNSPEAKABLE GIFT
BY Rev. E. G. Harris

More than nineteen hundred year.
ago God gave to man the greatest gil,
the world has ever known, Gift tina,
is greater than the value of rubies and
diamonds.
The Topas OF Ethiopia does not
equal this Gift, neither shall it be
valued with pure gold.
The Prophets by inspiration spoke
OF this great Gilt, saying the day
would come when a Saviour would
come into the world A virgin shall
conceive and bear a son, and shall call
his name lmmanuel; Isaiah said, the
Lord shall give You sign OF his birth.
and when the time came a strange star
appeared in the East Ballan said.
there shall come a star out of Jacob
This day, the 25eh OF December is
the day given as the birth OF our Lord
Twin-City herald. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1927-1940, 1937-12-25
YOUTH PREFERS BULLET
TO RETURN TO CHAIN
GANG

PATERSON, N. J., Dec. (CNA)-
Don't send me back-put bullet
through my head first" Fleming Mix,
l9-year-old youth facing extradition to
South Carolina chain gang, pleaded
with New Jersey officials this week
Il was only Is when they put ME
on that chain gang" Mix sobbed, IL
was beaten. terribly beaten, twice and
sometimes three times week until |
couldn't stand it. After sever months
of those beatings and that hell on earth
| decided that death could rot be as
bad as ten years of that torture.
81 knew that If | tried to escape, |
would be shot at. But | decided it
was worth it. l made the break for
freedom, the guards shot at me and
missed"
Mix, a trusted employee of the Crown
Motor Plate Co., of Paterson, his par
Twin-City herald. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1927-1940, 1937-12-25

ents, two brothers and three sisters,
live at 81 Bridge Street, Paterson. His
family is highly respected in the COM
munity
Herbert Roessler, Mix's white en-
ployer, praised the youths honesty
and retained the law firm of Green
berg and Fineberg for his defense.
I'm going to fight to the limit for
him." Roessler said. "He is honest.
He has guarded silk worth up to
100000. He has had access to our
pay roll money. South Carolina will
never get him back on that chain
gang without fight to the finish ir
New Jersey"
Arrangements have been made fol
a hearing before Governor Hoffman
by Oscar r. Wilensky, majority lead
er of next years General Assembly
and one Of Mix's attorneys.
Twin-City herald. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1927-1940, 1937-12-25
ITALY ADMITS THAT ETH
OPIA FIGHTS ON

ROME, Dec. (CNA).-The first Of
fetal admission that the Philippians
were continuing their armed struggle
against the fascist invaders of their
country was contained in report is
sued here this week. The report des-
cribed the use of airplanes in aiding
Italian military posts, otherwise cat
off by bands of Ethiopian guerrilla
fighters.
Twin-City herald. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1927-1940, 1937-12-25
IL BILLIONS FOR ARMS

GENEVA, Dec. (CNA).-The year
book of the League of Nations reports
that armament expenditures of the
Powers have reached the record tota
of $,100,000000 in old gold dollars, OIL
$l2, 000,00O,000 at the present exchange
rate. These figures far exceed the
previous record of $5,800000,000 in old
gold dollars in 1886. The book further
shows S,500,000 men permanently I'M
der arms today, as compared to 6,000,-
900 in 1913.
Twin-City herald. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1927-1940, 1937-12-25

heard as they formed choir in the
air and sang Glory to God in the
highest Peace on earth. good will
toward men,"
Let us continue to sing his praises
and walk in the Light that our Christ
brought to light up every man that be-
lieves in Him! In Him was life, and
the life was the light of men.
Twin-City herald. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1927-1940, 1937-12-25

and is the day the strange star appear
ed. The wise men came from the
east to Jerusalem, saying, where is he
that is born King of the Jews, for we
have seen his star in the East, and are
come to worship him.
The wise men, the Magi or Eastern
sages who came to do homage to the
new born King, were men that studied
the stars and could tell the nature Of
the visible heavens.
The word Christmas came from the
word Christ. His star, the sign under
which he was born An angel appear
ed unto the shepherds and as he was
talking with them a heavenly host was
Twin-City herald. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1927-1940, 1937-12-25

absolutely unstoppable. You forgot he
was black, he was no color at all, he
was simply great athlete"