davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Imperial Valley press., 1936-08-23
Experts Declare That In The Event OF
Another War In Europe, England Could i
Not Maintain Grip On India =

rVEN his own Liberal friend,
= Sir Tel Sapru, grew exasper-
perated with him, feeling, no
doubt, that his badly expressed
demands were playing into the
hands of the diehards. On com.
munal problems he was equivocal
and unhelnful Gandhi's failure
was not altogether his fault. In
London he was always tired
man His routine life. reasonable
enough in the steamy heat of
Ahmedahad. was quite unsuitable
for a raw English autumn. Gandhi
in London never had sufficient
sleep. Very often he would not
get to bed until the early hours
of the morning. and then, accord
ing to his invoilable rule, he
would be reused at 8 a. m. for an
hour of prayer, and even after
that he would refuse to sleep
later than 5 a. m. The result was
that at important conferences he
could hardly keep his eyes open.
His personal vanity was also
responsible in part for his failure
in constructive suggestions He
loved to be in the public eye. and
he wasted many precious hours
in his efforts to keep in it. At a
critical moment of the conference
he gave up an evening to talk
with Charlie Chaplin in the pres
ence of a whole battery of press
photographers. He would go off
for long weekend tours of indus
trial districts complete with his
picturesque encourage.
Gandhi was quick to detect any
Sights. From the first he thought
that the Prime Minister was not
paying him sufficient attention
Indeed, one of the disasters of
the conference was theffailure of
Gandhi and the Prime Minister
to hit it off.
But however the Mahatma may
have failed in the Council Cham
ber he was very real success
Imperial Valley press., 1936-08-23

silence which greeted the rising
of the Prime Minister to give a
direct answer to one of Mr.
Churchill's haunting questions. l
was more and more uneasy about
the result of the fateful division
on the Governments policy. But
an old Parliamentary hand whis-
pered to me: Fifty supporters
can make a great deal of noise
when they start cheering to-
gether. Winston is beaten. And
so he was. When the vote was
taken, all that Mr.. Churchill had
carried with him was a handful
of aging ex-civil servants and old
army field officers.
Bernays gives Lord Irwin much
of the credit for the coup, stating
that India's triumph would not
have been possible without the
long conversations in the Vice
roy's study nine months before in
the cold winter sunlight of
Delhi. six thousand miles from
Westminster, which resulted in
the Civil Disobedience movement
being called off and Mahatma
Gandhi being induced to go to
London.
Admittedly in many respects
the Mahatma's S visit was a fail
ure. His lack of constructive
craftsmanship was only too evil
dent. In council he was wayward
and obscure His English col
leagues at the table found him
problem passing all understand
ing. One of the conferees said of
Mr.. Gandhi:
ITO understand Gan dhi's
speeches we ought to be provided
with a Gandhi dictionary of the
English language. Words mean
something quite different to him
to what they do to us. I am be-
ginning to realize that when he
talks about complete indepen-
dence he does not mean it, and
rha. his use of the phrase full
control of the army and of f.
nance by Indians means to his
mind something far less revolu-
uonary than 1t denotes to us."
Imperial Valley press., 1936-08-23
BY John Richard Finch

is Mahatma Gandhi only the
half naked faquir' of Winston
Churchills vivid Imagination, or
will he go down in history as one
of the great men of the world in
the class of Mahomet or st.
Paul? Has England's latest at
tempt to negotiate with the In
dians a constitution only proved
that there is 10 alternative be-
tween Imperialism and indepen-
dence, repression and surrender?
These are the pertinent questions
that strike the student of world
politics as Mr.. Gandhi once more
steps to the forefront of Indian
affairs after more than three
years of quiet seclusion.
In Robert Bernays' book, NAKED
Faquir,n published by Henry Holt
and Company, the author init
mates that it is impossible for
Great Britain, even if she desired
It, to hold India in a permanent
position of inferiority. He re-
counts discussing the question
from a military point of view
with a distinguished general dur
ing a recent visit to India, a man
who by temperament is an ex-
treme conservative. Bernays states
that the general told him that
Winston Churchill's policy of the
iron hand in India was lunacy,
stating that England did not
Imperial Valley press., 1936-08-23

have the troops to carry it out.
He said in part:
"The army in India has TWO
thousand miles of communica-
ton to guard between the from
tier and it's base at Bombay.
How could it keep them clear
with all India flaming into rebel
lion behind it? We could not be
RESPONSIBLE, with our existing
troops. for the defense of India
under those circumstances. We
should have to ask for the re-
serves from home. Would the
British voter ever agree to that?
And then, supposing that there
were another war in Europe, the
nosition of Britain with a rebel
iious India in the center of her
Empire would be an Impossible
one"
IS statement of military
u consequences of Mr.. Church
ilrs policy. it indeed seems un-
enswerable. On the other hand,
Lord Irwin, Viceroy of India, con-
servative though he was, grasped
the fact that the only alternative
To military domination was
hold extension of self-govern-
nent. He elevated this policy of
cancellation into a new concep-
ton of Empire. 1t was the Pc
cu1iar task of the British people
to assist, at any sacrifice to
themselves, in making democracy
safe for India.
At first, this new conception of
England's position in India made
very heavy weather with the Con-
servative Party. Few Viceroys
have received a greater send off
from India or have been well
coined at home more shabbily by
their old political friends than
Lord Irwin. The radicals show
cred him with honors. On recon-
mendation of the Prime Minister,
the King decorated him with the
Order of the Garter. The Liberal
and Labor parties competed in in
viting him to address their party
meetings. But the Conservatives
pAog poUH-A
Imperial Valley press., 1936-08-23
Is Mahatma Gandhi Faquir' or Second Mahomet?

can be no permanent settlement
of Indian problems which does
not receive the support of the In
dian Congress whose plenipoten-
tiary Gandhi was. The problem
of constitution building Is like
that of a iig-saw puzzle. There
are all sorts of diverse pieces
that have to be fitted in before
the picture is complete - Mos
lens, Sikhs, Christians, Euro
peans, Anglo Indians. But by far
the most important thing is the
Indian Congress, which is the
voice of Hindu political India.
FOLLOWING the third Round
Table Conference. plan was
submitted in October, 1884, for
provincial autonomy and an ALL
Indian Federation. which granted
responsibilities with safeguards.
Finance. policing, and national
protection through the army and
navy were to be retained by Eng
land. This plan, while not yet
law, has been experimental with
in the provinces. and has worked
out fairly successfully.
Lord Irwin has retired from
the scene and a new Viceroy now
sits in India No rumblings from
Winston Churchill or the Conser-
vatives have been heard of late.
although the new Indian policy,
which seems inevitable, sets
badly with them. On the other
hand the Liberals in India resent
any compromise and are not sat
isfied with the British plan. Many
accuse Gandhi of conservatism.
And SO the hodge-podge of Anglo
Indian affairs goes on.
Robert Bernays, in his book,
does one thing above all else,
however. He very definitely proves
to his readers that Gandhi is not
the Naked Faquir" Mr.. Churchill
intimates, but a most outstanding
disciple of all that is genuine in
not only his fight for Indian
liberty, but in his religious fervor
which involves the remuneration
of all wordliness and mortal
qualification.
Naked Faquir" is rich In
descriptive insight into the life of
the Mahatma, and brings the
reader to clear and intimate
understanding of the Lamb OF
India" who is in truth a lion.
Imperial Valley press., 1936-08-23

outside it. His most remarkable
success was with the Secretary
of State for India at that time,
Sir Samuel Hoare, who, with his
precise and formal manner and
rather irritating governing class
voice, is almost caricature of the
type of English politician who re-
CARDS himself by birth and train
inG as a natural ruler of society
Hoare has, however, the great
gift of frankness, which Gandhi
loves He told him, with disarm-
ing candor, that many of his de-
Imperial Valley press., 1936-08-23

were noticeably silent and hostile.
Though the Conservative Party
never forgave him, it has adopted
his policy. 1t is nonsense to re-
gard the Round Table Conference
as a failure. AS a result a Ma
tional government has expressed
its unalterable determination to
push on with self-government at
the center. where the Labor
Party left off. That is a very big
advance on anything that has
been done.
L Ar. BERNAYS, in his book,
MI recounts an interesting in
cident not without its humor,
which transpired in the House of
Commons during the time of the
heated discussion on the India
self-government question He
says:
81 was sitting behind M.
Churchill in the House of Com
mons when he was making his
last effort on Indian policy to
rally the forces of reaction. 1t
was one of his greatest Parlia-
mentary performances. With all
the arts of being grave and gay
by turns = which is the peculiar
fascinating quality of this great
English Parliamentary oratory :
he held a packed House of Com
mons enthralled. Again and again
cheering broke out all over the
Chamber. The enthusiasm was in
marked contrast to the sullen
Imperial Valley press., 1936-08-23

and his shawl were not just
theatrical properties. They did
convey to him something of the
swarming millions of peasants
whom no Hindu lawyer in his
sleek morning coat and striped
trousers or bejeweled Maharajah
could ever claim to represent.
In a word, as a result of his
visit to England, Gandhi is prob
ably more sympathetic to Eng
land and England is more sympa-
thetic to Gandhi. That is the
enormous Importance, for there
Imperial Valley press., 1936-08-23

mands were quite impossible of
fulfillment
There is something in Gandhi
of the masochist. He always
seems to like those who have al
ready put him into prison or have
power to do so. It is not without
significance that his two greatest
friends in the Empire are General
Smuts and Lord Irwin, both of
whom sent him to gaol.
The man in the street began
to recognize that his loin cloth
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1936-04-20
LIKE A TIDAL WAVE

All over North Carolina, rising like tidal wave,
is a sentiment among various communities for local
school tax experimentation
At the rate such districts are now voting this
additional tax upon themselves, the time is only a
little way off when practically every urban center
of size and Importance will have elected to add to
it's revenues from the States for its public schools.
This is as it should be.
If public education is to be more generously IL
nanced in North Carolina, the money in the future
must come from the pockets of the citizens Of the
local communities
The State has probably reached near the limit
of what it will be able 20 do in this field.
And when the State guarantees every child of
North Carolina rich poor, in every district. pop
uluus or remote urban or rural, weak of strong,
the benefit of an eight months TEN, who is it TO
charge that the commonwealth is doing too little?
More than this TO which the State, as political
unit has undertaken to guarantee and underwritc.
ought to be Forthcoming from local patronage
which. taking the States standard a minimum
and only as minimum, is unwilling to accept it as
sufficient-CharOtte.O Observer.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1936-04-20
NEWSPAPERS OPINION
WE'D RATHER SEE SHIRLEY

II was back in May. 1898, that callers, at the
residence of the David Lamsons in Palo Aalto,
california, found the master the household burn
inc rubbish in the backyard. Excusng himself. he
wont into the house only to rush out moment later
CRYING. "My God! my wife has been murdered!'
vino. over a. hathtub inside they found her body,
tho back of the head knocked in, blood spattered
rrofnselv over her and the tub. A little later, the
no,;ce discovered in the rubbish that the young
man had been burning a dscolored iron pipe.
T. Whether David LamsOn killed his wife or wheth-
or she fell and was killed, the State of California
k,s never been able to prove beyond a reasonable
doubt. The first jury which heard the case agreed
that be had and condemned him to DEATH but the
State Supreme Court ordered a new trial lwo
.otber iuries subsequently, couldn't decide one way
a., tho other. and finally Lamson, either murder
-, o tbo victim Of a cruel and specous hypothesis
was set free.
r,,.;ro, his thru, years on condemned row, the
,o,rr Stanford University employee wrote book
We Who Are About To Die. Now mas mas Deeh
opcagcd TO adapt the book for the MOVIES and IN
dine course the picture will be produced
Rut here and now even if the cast of characters
IF this movie includes the best actors and actresses
in Hollywood we promise ourselves not TO see IT,
rhoro < roo much doubt of the innocence OF the
too much of question that ne Is not
oxnIoitinp his part in gruesome crime after har-
ing ESCAPED retributlOn for 1t. me comO'iatioh
Of q dramatization of his experiences is too much
for any finicky stomach. Well stick to Shirley
News
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1936-04-20
1T POURS

Ii We think the recent rains in these parts have
been severe imagine what the Italian soldiers in
Ethiopia must put up with during the coming
months.
The "little rains start the first of April. The
big rains start in the latter part of June and last
until md-September.
An Italian officer who previously has ign-
ed in Ethiopia declares:
Here on the pleateau in summer it rains so hard
man can't walk. the water comes down in tor
rents and with such force that one staggers and
covers and gasps for breath Mules and horses
sink to their bellies in the mud and suffer almost
as much as human beings do. If you hold an EN-
PITY tumbler. between yonr thumb and forefinger
the rain will fill it in few seconds and then turn
it in your hand no matter how firmly you hold it
until. it is upside down.
| In the hours between transforms the world of
insects to life of those insects that live and
flourish for one day They all contribute to ones
| misery. Some bring disease In the valleys the
| malaria mosquito comes into his own Dampness
| and mldew prevade everything Oh
server. t.....,
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1936-04-20
THE SIMPLER PROBLEM

- Sherwood Eddy $ :, O0O-acre cooperative farm in
Mississippi. which is to be operated with twenty
four families of sharecroppers evietsds from their
former holdings is an interesting experiment, but
not necessarily an important one. Sam Franklin
Eddy's assistant, chose the workers and, according
to the; story, .... .. ....,-... .....
Mr. Franklin selected workers from among
esicted families of attested ability and health.
Right there he sidestepped the larger problems
A'pretty dull man can figure out something to do
with families fattested ability and health" What
drives Southern leaders into the filters is trying to
figure out something to do with families composed
of moronS with hookworm. ....... -.
:. II Mr.. Eddy can supply an answer to this prob
lem, he will confer upon the South boon. only
less, valuable than the one conferred on it by DR.
Charles w. Stiles, who started the heokworm-eradt
cation work'-Baltimore Evening Sun
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1936-04-20
Keeping The Record Straight
By WICKEy WAMBOLDT

the commission allowed the insti-
tuition to remain open and not
only receive deposits but go al
ter them with d dragnct. Was
that done to give the "hoys" the
chance to get the last dollar? For
It's faithfulncss to its public trust,
the North Carolina Banking COM
mission was indicted by the Bun
combc county grand jury acting
under the pressure of public in
dignation. But certain "influ-
cnccs" had the indictment trans
fcrrcd to another county. And
that was that.
The complete pillaging of the
community was made easier by a
law Sncakcd through a helpful
state legislature by the delega-
ton from Buncombc county. This
law, which was so concealed in
another bill that it was not dis
covered until long afterward, cX-
cmpted BuncOmbc county Off
Gals from complying with the
statewide law requiring banks
acting as repositories of public
funds to put up sufficient state
or national bonds to protect such
funds. Thus when the bank crash
cd. it carried down more than
eight million dollars in public
funds.
The mayor Of AshcvilIe, deceiv-
ed into using the last penny of
the city'S credit to pour funds in
to the tottcring Central Bank
and Trust company, was found
shot to death shortly after the
bank failed. 1t was said he COM
mittcd suicide. His passing was
an unfortunate break for justice,
for had he gone to the witness
stand and told all he said he was
going to tell. d sizeablc group of
AShcvillc and Buncombc county
politicians would, think, have
kept Colonel Lea company in the
state pcnitcntiary. As it is, not
one Of the Buncombe county pol
iticians guilty of plundcring the
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1936-04-20

Central Bank and Trust company,
OF looting the city, county and
school board treasures, of pillag-
ING the city and county credit to
the last penny, was punished for
anv OF those crimes, although
! more than forty indictments were
returned by the grand jury.
Had the assault on the proper
ty and human rights of the peo-
pie of Asheville and Buncombe
county been confined to the sum
represented by the banks deal
ings with Colonel Lea however
iIlegitimate they were-the Cen
trial Bank and Trust company
would today be solvent and thou
sands Of persons now pennlless
and miserable. would have a SUI
, ficiency.
The foregoing case illustrates
wildly the assertion / continually
make:
That municipal government,
as commonly practiced IN the
United States, is not only a dis
grace to civilization but to the
lowest type of barbarism.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1936-04-20
BEHIND THE SCENES
IN WASHINGTON
BY RODNEY BUTCHER.

correct that. because its local rep
respntativcs usually are plantation
owners.
Under the new AhA soil pro.
gram. owners are supposed to give
SharccrOppcrS. about - per cent Of
federal payments and no one here
is prepared to say how many cviC-
tons or eyasions may he expected.
There, has been constant conflict
within AAA ranks as TO what
should be- done 10 protect troopers
and tenants. tho plantation own.
crS' side being upheld Ivy Gully
Cobb. chief Of the AAh cotton sec.
item. Choppers actually have beer
receiving II to L. per cent OF benc
fl payments. officials say.
Meanwhile, the threat Of the
Rust brothers cotton picker hangs
heavy over tho whole situation.
ALSO into the picture comes Mr.
- Oscar G Johnston. manager Oi
the federal cotton pool and man
ager OF the British.controllcd Delta
and Pine Land Co. which received
the third largest cotton payment.
Johnston has in time past been
virtual boss Of the cotton program
It was he who damned through the
governments cotton loan policy
and especially the 12-cenf loan rate
over the original objection Of Sec
rotary Wallace and many others.
The loan policy loaded the gov
eminent with 5.0O0.0O0 bales OF
cotton and. according to experts
caused a large decrease in cotton
consumptioD-cspecially in foreign
markets. since cotton owners who
could get IL cents n pound from
the government naturally didn'i
care to export nj lower prices
A Brookings institution report CT
AAA cotton control asserts that by
the. fall OF 1895 the AAA was
financing the holding Of nearly
twice as much cotton as the much
abused old Federal Farm Board. in
spite Of marked reductions in the
amount Of cotton produced.
Copyright. 1886. NEA Service. Incl
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1936-04-20

company. together with its aiflli-
ates, failed for about seventy
FIVE million dollars. They were de-
stroyed not, by Colonel Lea whose
dealings with the institution to-
tailed less than two million dollars,
but by the Vaccinations of the
political ring of Buncombe coun-
ty in which Ashevillc is situated.
The deposits of the bank were
plundered, its sacred trust funds
were looted: while local public of
ficials borrowed on the city'S and
county's credit millions upon mil
lions of dollars which were pour
cd into the bank and drawn out
and never repaid by members,
friends and associates of the pO-
litical ring. So thoroughly was the
bank dly-cleaned that the rank
and file of its 10000 depoSitors
will never get dime.
The North Carolina Banking
commission knew two years be-
fore the bank failed and long be-
fore Colonel Lea had any dealings
with it, that it was insolvent; yet,
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1936-04-20

Judging from the number of new. and almost un-
hsard.of organizations that the Congressional in
vestigators are, unearthing and which are in the
field either quietly or noisily stirling up opporsi
ton to The New Deal, the multmillionares of the
country are rather gullible lot.
These mushrooms sprouts of new associations
that have lust come into being are supposedly fl
hanged M large measure by the weaIthier citizens
and corporations Of the country.
On the basis of what has so fer been developed.
| almost anybody can get a hearing and wad from
the big vaults who proposes to start a movement
under some impressive title to shoot the works
against the. New Deal,r--Charlotte Observer,