davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1936-11-04

Roosevelt proclaimed liquor taxes.
December 81 President Roosevelt
ordered the purchase Of newly
mined silver ut new high prices.
1884.
January 3i-Consress granted the
President's request and he reduced
the gold value Of the dollar TO about
50 cents.
February e-President Roosevelt cam
celed ell airman contracts.
March 24-Congress passed and Pres
ident Roosevelt signed the bill CIV
Ing Independence to the Philippine
Islands.
April 2i-President Roosevelt signed
the Bankhead bill for compulsory
restriction Of cotton acreage.
May 10-The worst drought in the
Nations history became serious,
continuing until late Fall. The
Government applied extensive re-
lief measures. ,..-
June 6-Presi6ent Roosevelt signed
the act regulating stock exchanges.
June l2-President Roosevelt signed
the reciprocal tariff bill.
June 20-President Roosevelt signed
the communications bill providing
control over radio. wireless, tele-
graph and telephone.
October 1-oen. Hugh 8. johnson re-
signed q N. r. A. administrator.
November Gin Congressional elec-
tions the Democratic party gained
nine seats each Ia the Senate and
the House.
1885.
January 3-The Seventy fourth Con-
gress convened to hear President
Roosevelt declare that public works
jobs mist be substituted for relief
payments.
Evening star., 1936-11-04

for all ordinary and relief EXPENSE Of
the Government: In other words. TO
balance the budget"
Roosevelt and Landon both spoke
In the Middle West on October .. the
former indorsing farm co-operatives
and reciprocal trade treaties at st.
Paul. and the latter reiterating his
objections TO New Deal financing and
bureaucracy" at Chicago.
Landon promised . balanced budget
by cutting out waste and extrava-
gance. by putting an end to the use
Of public funds for political purposes.
by restoring hard-working. painstak-
ing, common sense administration.
He cited the New Deals several prom.
ises to balance the budget and its fail
ure 10 do 20. He objected to the Treas.
ury's "double-bookkeeping" as "jug-
Cling" the figures. He said the ordi-
nary cost OF government has increased
80 per cent instead Of being decreased
the IS per cent he said was promised
by Roosevelt prior to his Inauguration.
Accepts Base Ball Analogy.
Accepting the Presidents base ball
analogy at Pittsburgh. Landon said
the bali score" was "25 billions spent.
- billions added TO the public debt,
Is millions Of unemployed left on
base"
Heading into Nebraska, the Presi-
dent made . plea the next day at
Omaha for reelection Of Senator
George Norris. Republican progress
sive. and held forth . four-point farm
program: ], soil conservation; Z, In.
creased consumption: ), abolishment
Of the farm tenancy evil: I, crop in
surance.
While Landon was iamhasting pres
ent relief policies at Cleveland on Oc-
tober IL, Roosevelt defended them at
Denver.
"Washingtoa did not originate the
projects" the President told his Col.
orado audience. you did. - Today
1t Is . pitiful spectacle 10 see Re.
publican leaders call this great pro.
gram waste and extravasance, for
they are the same leaders who, when
their own State or city or county was
involved. were the first to run TO
Washington pleading for Federal
aid"
To this Landon eountersd in Ohio
with:
Money intended for the relief Of
human suffering is being diverted to
the building up Of shameless polit-
ical machine. ~.
After three years Il must Be OBJ.
vious to every one that waste and
extravagance do not make Jobs.
Cracking down on business and arous.
ing class hatreds do not restore en-.
ployment."
Everybody knows there Is too much
politics In relief. This has become
. national scandal"
Our people want to stand on their
own feet"
Asks Federal Aid Grants.
He pleaded for return Of relief ad-
minStration TO the States, with Fed.
Evening star., 1936-11-04

address, he asserted that condition.
consenial to communism were being
bred and fostered throughout this Ma.
ton up to the very day Of March 1,
1881"
The previous administration" he
said, "bewildered, did nothing. In
their speeches they deplored 1t. but
by their actions they encouraged It.
Predicts Balanced Budget.
The President took direct cosni.
zance Of issues raised by his opponents
when he spoke before q huge crowd
IN Forbes Field, Pittsburgh. on Oc-
tober !. Giving his audience some
"scoreboard arithmetic" on Federal
finances. he defended his budget,
spending and taxation policies and
concluded with q prediction that, II
prosperity continues. he would bal
anoe the budget within = year or
two"
I'VE had TO balance the budget OF
the American people before we could
balance the budget Of the National
Government" Roosevelt said at Pitts
burgh. That makes common sense,
doesn't it,"
He said that "in these dark days,
between US and . balanced budget
stood millions of needy Americans" !"
and that TO balance the budget in
1888 or 1884 or 1888 would have been
. crime against the American people"
A. for spending, he claimed 1t was
An investment in the future Of
America" He said Hoover's admin.
Btration had increased the national
debt by $4,000. 900. 900 in three de-
preston years and there was moth
Ing to show for It," while the New
Deal had increased the debt by about
$4,000, ,ooo, 900 and there Is much TO
Show for It,"
His statement in the same speech
that "over . billion and . half went
for payment Of the World War veter-
ans bonus this year instead Of lslS,
and that payment Is now out Of the
way and 10 no longer . future OBJ
legation OF the Government" was dis.
puted warmly by subsequent Republic
an speakers who claimed the Govern
ment merely borrowed money with
which to pay the bonus and this debt
must be paid eventually.
Cites Results Of Spending.
"As for the other 6h billions OF the
defcit." the President explained, I'VE
didn't just spend the money, We spent
It for something. America got some-
thing for what We spent-conserva-
tton Of human resources through G. G.
c. camps and work relief, eonserva ton
Of natural resources OF water, soil and
forest; billions for security and q
better life"
He described the foolish fear" about
the crushing load the debt viii i'm
pose upon your children and mine" Z"
denying that the burden would be
borne by Oppressive taxation on fu.
ture generations.
1T h going to be paid out OF an
increased national income and indi-
vidual income produced by increasing
National prosperity" he declared, add.
ing: If the National income keeps
on rising at the present rate, a. am
confident 1t will, the receipts within
. year or two will be sufneient to care
Evening star., 1936-11-04
1879.
March 4-Mr. Roosevelt inausurated
1883.

1879.
March 4-Mr. Roosevelt insusurated
as President.
March E-President Roosevelt pro-
claimed national bank and market
holiday. prohibited gold exports ex-
cept under license, summoned q
special session OF the Seventy third
Congress.
March o-Congress assembled and
voted the President dictatorial pow
ers over transactions In credit. cur
rency. gold and silver In domestic OF
foreign exchange. Gold boarding
and exporting were forbidden.
March i4-Wine and beer we're legal
lied by Congress.
March 27-President Roosevelt abol-
ished the Federal Farm Board and
consolidated oil Federal farm credit
agencies.
March 3i-President Roosevelt signed
. bill creating the Civilian conser-
avtion Corps.
April ie-Embargo on gold shipments
abroad ordered by President Roose-
welt.
April 2i-Premier Macdonald Of Eng
land, ex-Premier Herriot Of France
and Premier Bennett of Canada be-
gan conferences with President
Roosevelt on world economic condi-
tionS.
May l2-President Roosevelt signed
the agricultural adjustment act
which carried an imitation rider, and
signed the $500. o.oo0, 900 unemploy-
ment relief bill.
May l6-President Roosevelt proposed
to 81 nations an agreement to begin
disarmament and abide by treaty
restrictions.
May l7-President Roosevelt signed
Evening star., 1936-11-04

January THE Supreme Court held.
8 to !, that the oil production con-
troll provisions Of N. r. A. were
unconstitutional.
January 2e-The Senate defeated the
President's proposal to enter the
World Court.
February l8-The Supreme Court up
held Congress in abrogating the
gold clause in private contracts.
April S-President Roosevelt signed .
bill providing s4.Sso. 100000 for
works relief.
May 6-The Supreme Court held the
railroad retirement act unconstitu.
tional.
May 22-President Roosevelt delivered
personally to Congress his veto mes
sage on the Patman bonus bill.
May 27-The Supreme Court held the
national industrial recovery act and
the farm mortgage moratorium act
unconstitutional.
June le-President Roosevelt proposed
to Congress enactment Of higher
taxes on inheritances and gifts and
. graduated scale Of tax rates on
corporations.
July S-President Roosevelt signed the
Wagner labor relations bill.
August e-President Roosevelt signed
the social security bill providing
benefits to an estimated $4,000, 900
persons.
August 26-The President signed the
death sentence" bill amending the
utility holding company control act.
August 2s-President Roosevelt signed
the new railroad pension bill and
. companion measure to raise PEN
sion money by taxes on the rail-
ways; also . new farm mortgage
moratorium bill.
Evening star., 1936-11-04
NEW DEAL PHILOSOPHY SWEEPS NATION FOR ROOSE

Lsndon old groups at Los Anr.,..
anu FnoeNix. Ariz.. that the main issue
Oh the eahpaign remained "the form
OF government" preferred by the peo-
PIE. Az L Angeles he said he did
not neneve tthat q temporary depres-
sion Is adeqate reason for chanrtnr
our whole fem of government" At
Oklahoma Cty he appealed for sup
port OF Democratic "bolters," at Tulsa
ne defended himself against malicious
charges" to tip effect he had ham
pered education in Kansas, and At
indianapolis he Advocated mediation
and arbitration II international dis
putes' but opposed he World Court.
The day that Laadon spoke In In
dianapolis, Presiden Roosevelt, in an
address to q series " business mems
dinners, declared: mo one In the
United States beliees more firmly
than I in the system of private busi-
ness. private prosperity and private
prof1t." and I'VE are resolved to keep
politics out OF business"
The Republican drive on social se-
curity taxes was becoming more in
cessant, and the President took an
other slam at employers who were
spreading half-truths about the So
cial security law"
Shortly thereafter. In q brief ad-
dress at Baltimore, Gov. Landon re-
sumed his charges that tae New Deal
was expressing business. he said busi-
ness slumped after administration
measures became operative and re-
covered "only when the Supreme
Court knocked on some Of Its shackles
by holding the N. r. A. unconstitu.
tional." He amplified his list Of the
issues thus: "Debauching o, the civil
service" alliance with corrupt city
machines" Farley methods In ad-
ministration Of the w. p. A." and "il-
legal use OF the taxpayers money to
build up class hatred and entrench
the New Deal in power"
Prepares Final Appeal.
While the President secluded him
sell In the White House to prepare his
fnal campaign appeal TO the elector-
ate In New York. Pennsylvania, New
Jersey and Delaware, Gov. Landon
already was delivering a series of ora
torical outbursts against the New Deal
In that section Of the country.
AT Philadelphia, on October 20. he
declared the New Deal Yields the
same ak which has destroyed the lib
critics OF SO much of the old world"
and charged his opponents with open
and impudent" use of public funds
for political purposes. At Pittsburgh
tne following evening he accused the
New Deal Of the most open, the most
crude and the most brutal use Of the
spoils system this country has ever
known"
In his last press conference prior
70 election, on October AZ, the Presi-
oent eVaded q query as To whether he
intended to revive the N. r. A.
Shortly thereafter he started out on
his trip to New York and several States
en- route.
While the President was rededicat.
ing the Statue Of Liberty in New
York Harbor. on October 10. Landon
(See COLLIER, Page Aid
Evening star., 1936-11-04

Is dead-but its spirit lives on" and
pointed out that the President haa
never repudiated the N. r. A.
That speech definitely injected the
N. r. A. into the campaign. There
after the Republican high command
continued to bait" the Democratic
candidate in an effort to obtain q
commitment on the N. r. A. and tt
proposed revival.
In the Portland address Landon
attacked planned economy" and de-
clared the people are being taken
down the road which leads to . cen
tralized government OF unlimited
power"
Let me restate the issues" Gov
Landon said. DO we want the Gov
ernment prying into every little detail
of our business lives? DO We want the
Government forbidding US to plant
what we want in our fields? Or do
we want TO be free 10 plan our future?
DO we want free government In
American"
Landon then made q swing through
the Midwest, while the President bided
his time for launching his own speak
ing tour. The Kansas Governor At
Dcs Moines and Minneapolis aSsailed
the New Deal farm program. and.
replying to Roosevelt's defense, At
Quebec. Of reciprocal trade agree.
ments, claimed the Canadian pact has
"hurt the American market" He
advocated crop insurance, drought re-
lief, soil conservation, increased crops
to meet increased demands created by
recovery.
Security Act Criticized.
The social security act entered the
campaign q an issue on September
2e, when Landon, before . Milwaukee
audience, criticized the new law as
unjust. unavoidable, stupidity drafted
and wastefully financed" In its stead
he proposed economy, living PEN
sion and such security M can be
provided by q generous people"
through q pay as you 60" security
plan. nnanced by . direct, visible.
widely distributed tax"
Tnefe arose ABOUT TINS Time, elSO,
another "ixsue"-communisn. 1t was
brought into the open by william
Randolph Hearst In series Of news
paper articles. charging "red" support
of the President. Anticipating the
blast, the White House issued . press
statement, severely criticising the ex-
pected attack by - notorious pub
Usher"
At the very outset Of his political
speaking campaign, at Syracuse. N.
Y, on September 40. the President
referred to many false issues" and
"red herrings," and said:
Desperate in mood, angry at fall
ure, cunning in purpose, individuals
and groups are seeking to make COM
munism IN issue In an election where
communism Is not q controversy be-
tween the two major parties.
Here and now, once and for all,
let us bury that red herring and
destroy that false issue. - have not
sought, I do not seek, repudiate, the
support Of any advocate Of commun-
ism or Of any other alien ISM which
would by fair means or foul change
our American democracy"
Taking the offensive in that same
Evening star., 1936-11-04

August 30-The President signed the
ou6ey coal bill establishing wages
and prices for the soft coal In
dustry.
August 3i-The President signed q
Senate resolution forbidding ship
ment Of arms to belligerent ma
tions.
October S-Shipment Of arms and am
munitions to either italy or Ethiopia
was banned by President Roosevelt.
November 2S-The Supreme Court en-
Joined collection Of rice processing
taxes pending the A. A. A. deci-
sion.
January S-The Supreme Court held
the agricultural adjustment act un-
constitutional.
February 1.-THE Supreme Court
ruled that the T. v. A. could pur-
chase transmission lines from the
Alabama Power Co.
May IS-The Gufiey coal bill was de-
clared unconstitutional by the su-
preme Court.
June Speaker Of the House Joseph
w. Byrns died: Representative w.
B. Bankhead of Alabama was elect
ed speaker. President signed Q
record $S26,00o, 900 naval bill.
June l2-Roosevelt says Nation q
"world-minded." but will confine
itself to moral help" Of danger
beset nations.
June 20-President signs Robinson.
Patman chain store bill designed to
protect independent merchants from
unfair price determinations.
June 2l-Second Roosevelt Congress
comes to an end-substitute GufYey
coal bill killed In filibuster by SEN
Evening star., 1936-11-04

tSee COLLIER, Page Aid
Evening star., 1936-07-06
N. |. R. B. CERTIFIES
NEWSPAPER GUILD
Union Recognized as Exclusive
Representative for Editorial
Employees of A. P.
Bv the Associated Press.

ASh 1AS HScoS4StSo AOSS'
The National Labor Relations Board
announced today it had certified the
American Newspaper Guild as the "ex-
elusive representative" Of editorial en-
ployes of the Associated Press in New
York City for collective bargaining
with the management.
BY order of the boards regional
director, that body said, an election
was conducted among the employees
by secret ballot between May IS
and May 20.
"A majority Of those eligible voted !;
a majority of those voting, though less
than majority of those eligible. voted
for the American Newspaper Guild" !"
the board added.
I'm certifying the guild. We are fol-
lowing the rule established ny the Cir
cult Court of Appeals for the Fourth
Circuit in Virginian Railway Co. VS..
System Federation No. 40 ="
In that case. said the board, the
court decided that where a majority
of the eligibles voted, a majority of
those voting, though less than a
majority of those eligible, determined
the representative"
The board added it was in entire
accord" with the reasons set forth
by the court, saying:
"The parallel language in the ma
tional labor relations act: Representa-
tives designated or selected by
the majority of the employees in a unit
differs slightly. but not materially from
that in the railway labor act and re-
quires the same construction
Evening star., 1936-07-06
POETRY IS HELD
L|NKEDTODRAMA
New Alliance Between Two
Is Prophesied by Percy
MaCKaye.
BY the Associated Press.

D1 NAic hoSOtAabca EAcoS-
NEW YORK, July GA new alli-
ance between poetry and the drama,
such as existed when Shakespeare
produced his masterpieces, was pro-
phesied yesterday by Percy MacKaye,
poet and dramatist, attending the
congress Of American poets here.
Poetry he defined as "a rhythmic
expression of the human imagina-
tion," as such necessarily linked with
the drama, which serves a similar end.
THE separation between poets and
the people Of the theater which has
existed for so many years cannot go
on indefinitely" MacKaye said.
II make this prediction not so much
from observation Of the contemporary
theater as from knowledge of the fun
damental impulses of human nature" 4"
He cited as examples of appreciation
OF the importance Of rhythm" In
stage productions the work OF Max
well Anderson, Norman Bel pGeddes,
Robert Edmond Jones and Eugene
O'Neill.
"In time OF depression. people turn
to poetry" the 6l-year-old writer and
producer remarked, asserting that IL
brary statistics show that since 1929
poetry has led all other fields of liter
ature in popularity.
While not claiming for poetry the
qualities of panacea for world strife,
he termed it "the finest instrumental
fty of human cooperation" and said
that emotional instincts underlying
future international amity will be akin
to those underlying poetry.
Evening star., 1936-07-06
BRITANNIA SOON
TO BE SCUTTLED
Famous Racing Yacht of King
George to Be Sunk
Secretly.
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press
COWES, England, July 6.-British
Navy officials awaited only the right
kind of conditions last night for the
secret scuttling of the proud Britain
mia, King Georges racing cutter.
Under cover Of darkness, away from
prying eyes, the craft-one of the
best-known racing yachts in marine
history-will be decently inferred be-
meath the waters Of the English
Channel.
Orders to this effect, it has been an
nounced, have been given by King
Edward and transmitted to officials
here by Sir Philip Hunloke. King
Georges sailing master.
BY terms of King Georges will the
gallant yacht, which has more than
200 victories to her credit, was left to
King Edward with the proviso that if
the new King did not want her she
was to be offered to the other sons of
the late monarch.
In the event no one wanted the
yacht, the will expressly stipulated,
she was to be broken up or otherwise
destroyed, but not sold.
The fact King Edward has no par
ticular interest in yachting, coupled
with the age of the Britannia-she
was launched in 1893-means the end,
therefore, of the yacht in which King
George found pleasure and excite
ment.
Originally built for the present
Kings grandfather, King Edward the
Seventh, then Prince of Wales, the
Brittania made history for a new
yacht during her first seasons racing,
easily beating all competitors.
The following year Britannia was
challenged by the successful Americas
Cup defender, Vigilant. The yachts
met on no fewer. than IT occasions.
Brittania won II first prizes and Vigi-
liant only S.
Altogether during her arst five
years racing, Britannia won 1872
frsts and Is other prizes in 2s9 starts.
In her 43 years Of racing she started
in 625 races and won 231 firsts and
l29 other prizes.
During his reign King George had
the Brittania reconditioned six times.
More than $4,000 was spent on her
in one form or another. In many of
the races King George himself was a
member Of the crew.
Evening star., 1936-07-06
RUTH BRYAN OWEN
HOME TO CAMPAIGN
Ambassador to Denmark Sure of
Victory for President
Roosevelt"
~ the Associated Press,

~ the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, July 6.-Mrs. Ruth
Bryan Owen. American Minister to
Denmark, came home yesterday to
campaign for the Democratic national
ticket and to announce for the rec
ord" that II am sure of victory for
President Roosevelt"
Tact and diplomacy cloaked the
conversation as the daughter of the
late William Jennings Bryan dis
cussed the part she would take In the
campaign. Asserting her speaking
plans would be held in allegiance, she
said
That's up to the Democratic Com
n1ittee. am at their disposal. in
tend first to take a vacation and then
start on a speaking tour"
She answered questions about the
Republican presidential candidate and
the new party with a smile, and
looked out of cabin window of the
motor liner Pilsudski.
Minister to Denmark for a little
more than three years, Mrs. Owen OBJ
eCl hCu IlldL ElcSlucllG ILUUSSN6ll
good neighbor" policy and Ibis re-
ciprocal treaties" have produced a
helpful reaction in foreign countries.
OF Denmark she said:
Denmark has solved her agricul-
tural problem by farm co-operatives.
Denmark is serving as laboratory for
study; the old-age pension and un-
employment insurance systems are
successful.
1T does not minimize her success
TO say these systems work simpler
there than they would in the United
States"
The woman known as Madam
Minister" to associates spoke eau
tiously of the possibility of a woman
candidate for the vice presidency in
1910.
What has sex to do with it?" she
said. Appropriateness of the candi-
date is what counts. Let us always
analyze the requirements of the post"
Evening star., 1936-07-06
MUSIC is FEATURE
OF "CHAUTAUQUA"
President Bestor Announces Aim
to Become Summer Music
Capital of America"
Ry the Associated Press.

EN tHt ASSOCldIcu ITcSS.
CHAUTAUQUA, N. Y, July e.
Chautauqua began new season yes
terday with the "Chautauqua idea"
definitely changed to make music.
once only sideline, the feature Of its
program.
President Arthur E. Bestor an
nounced Chautauqua aimed to become
"the Summer music capital Of Amer
ica," filling place somewhat like
Beyreuth in Germany.
"Chautauqua will become the Bey-
reuth Of America, II indeed it has not
already become So" he said. "Our
Summer music festival during July
and August now far outshines any
other offerings in America.
The music festival idea was tried
out last Summer, and Chautauqua
had its most successful season in
years, although operating in bank
ruptcy. This year the music program
was further expanded.
Gov. ALT M. Landon of Kansas, the
Republican presidential candidate, has
written Dr.. Bestor he hoped very
much" to speak at Chautauqua this
Summer. Mrs. Franklin D. Roose!:
.yelt, an annual visitor for many years,
Is expected to speak again.