davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times., 1936-08-28
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Evening star., 1936-07-12
Cermany's Barter and Smuggling
By Japan Cripple U. S. Trade

first time in the history Of the world
q nation has adopted smuggling as
chief means of gaining new markets.
japanese gun boats reach Shanghai
loaded with tires. good imitation of
the American and the British prod
uct. They are unloaded on the mill
tary wharves, taken by military trucks
to warehouses protected by the Japa-
nese flag. From there they are dis
tributed-duty free-to Shanghai re-
tailers, who sell them to the public at
third below the market prices.
Japanese naval transports and cargo
boats, protected by Japanese de-
stroyers, dump thousands of tons Of
Japan's manufactured products in
Tientsin, whence they find their way
to the principal centers in Northern
China-again duty free. Fly this
method Japan follows a twofold pol
icy 1t deprives the Marking govern
ment and the foreign bond holders
of their legal revenue and also pro-
vides an adequate market for the
overproducing Japanese industries.
The main center of smuggling, how
ever, is established in Formosa, where,
under the protection of the govern
ment. a consortium with capital Of
$50 00O,0 has been established to
smuggle products of all nationalities
into Southern China. The object of
this organization, fully protected by
the Toxic government, is to make prof.
its. OF course, Japanese goods are
given preference in the smuggling
operation of that unique company.
Syndicate Profits Large.
Since last January the profits Of
| the syndicate have amounted to some
thing like slO0,000,000. There are
900 900 $50 shares, a good number of
Evening star., 1936-07-12
Continued From First Page)

moneys. Credit is not as easy as 1t
was ~ years ago and French manu-
factured goods have become expensive.
Yugoslavia. the foremost military
power in Southeastern Europe, is now
turning slowly toward the rising
power In Western Europe-Germany.
For the time being, there is no politi-
cal agreement between the two
countries. But the economic CO.
operation is getting stronger every
day. Yugoslavia produces copper and
lead-raw materials lacking in Ger
many. Yugoslavia is rich in cattle.
hogs, wheat, corn and barley. All
these products are at premium in
the Reich. The agreement was easy TO
reach. Germany undertook to de-
liver to the Belgrade government rail-
road equipment; German engineers
are preparing plans for the con-
struction Of new railways. The Krupp
works are prepared to replace the
guns produced at Frances Rochet-
Schneider. The electrical and mining
equipment the Yugoslavs need will
be provided at cut-rate prices. The
entire transaction does not exceed.
for the time being, $43, 3,750,000. But
there will be no cash exchanged be-
tween the two countries.
Bayonets and Barter.
There is no reason to believe that
while the chaotic situation In the
international exchanges continues
Germany will confine herself to these
agreements alone. The prosperity Of
the new empire Is being built on
bayonets and barter.
The japanese economic penetra-
ton in China is less ethical. For the
Evening star., 1936-07-12
THE SUNDAY WASHINGTON D 2 ess-PART TWO

which are in the hands of the po-
itical chiefs in Toxic.
The result of this unprecedented
smuggling scheme Is that the income
of. the Chinese government from i'm
port taxes has been reduced from
$500 ,000, 900 in 1884 to a little less
than 5000, ,000, 900 in 1885. OF course,
the worldwide depression and the
economic condition in China have
something to do with this spectacular
loss; but, according to H. o. Tong,
superintendent Of the Shanghai GUS
toms. at least so per cent of the loss
must be ascribed to Japan's new "for-
eign trade policy"
In Manchukuo, where the "open-
door policy" is still in existence-on
paper-the principal American firms
have folded their tents and with
drawn. The British. the French and
the Dutch firms are following suit.
How long 1t will be before the Amer
lean firms, already operating with diff
Evening star., 1936-07-12
EIGHT AND FORTY

District. of Columbia Salon Depart
mental, Eight and Forty, will hold q
combined business and social meeting
at the home Of Mrs. Howard F. Barker.
3625 Lowell street, Wednesday at
O'Clock, with Janet McRae, Edna Nc
Intosh, Emily ]. Carey and Dorothy B.
Harper the co-hostesses.
The salon will give q picnic fete
at Hains Point July Is for the Sons
Of the Legion Drum and Bugle Corps
in appreciation Of the corps cooper.
alton in giving party to the tuber.
cular children at Glenn Dale Sani-
tarium.
Le Demi Chapeau Mildred Eckles
had charge Of the salons represen-
tation on the boat ride given hos
pitalized veterans last Tuesday. when
Evening star., 1936-07-12

f1culty in other parts of China, will
have to close their counters, too, no.
body can say at the present moment.
But 1t is obvious that no private con-
cern can compete adequately with
the industry of a country which sells
its products under the protection of
its cruisers guns.
The German barter system and the
Japanese smuggling system are play
ing havoc with Americas foreign
trade. One is as old as the world, the
other Is new. But our exporters are
baffled. They are not prepared to meet
the challenge of either.
Copyright. 1850
Evening star., 1936-07-12
LIKE OUTDOOR THEATERS

STOCKHOLM, JULY 11.-Drana.
and musical comedies, concerts, vaude.
vile, cabaret and circus programs will
be offered this Summer In large and
small cities all over Sweden. They
will be staged in open-air theaters
some Of which are rustic playground,
similar to the old American village
green, while Others are fully equipped
with all modern stage mechanisms
Mostly, however, the artists will per.
form under the wide and open sky.
The Swedes, fond of outdoor life,
have developed the open-air theaters
into q national institution. AS the
sparkling sun sets behind the horizon.
leaving a fairy-like glow in the sky,
they love to watch dramatic perf0Fm-
ances enacted against a natural back
drop Of feathery birch trees, stately
pines or spreading oaks.
Evening star., 1936-07-12
The Maccabees.

National Tent, Mount Vernon Tent,
Eureke Tent-Hive and Martha Wash
ington Hive are giving their annual
outing and excursion to New Mar
shall Hall next Thursday. The
steamer City of Warrington will
leave the Seventh Street Wharf at 10
am, 2, $50 and $50 pm, the last
boat being q moonlight.
Evening star., 1936-07-12

TOO veterans were guests of the
American Legion department under
the direction Of Maj. B. P. Van Hise,
Miss Ann D. Pryde, Martin A. Dyer,
Miss Nicie Perrell and Mrs. Ellen
Louise Warren.
Evening star., 1936-07-12
Lightning Stops Cars.

When lightning put the electric car
lines in Kimberly, South Africa, out nf
commission for several hours on q re-
cent night, thousands of motion pic
ture fans had to walk home In a heavy
Thunderstorm
Evening star., 1936-07-12

Plane Passengers Increase.
Commercial aviation companies OF
Spain report q large increase In the
number Of passengers this year.
Evening star., 1936-07-12

Q Tourist Bottle Kits, 2
jars and 2 bottles in
rubber lined case----S9c
Q 69c Bath Charm, 5-lb.
cans nS------------49c
. $1.20 size 4711 Eau de
Cologne e-------------79c
. Fioret Perfumes, Chypee,
Gardenia, Orchid, Chois
Promise. Orig. $3.75 S1.00
. Bottles of Sachet; Flow
er OdorS -----25c
. Dermay busting Powder
and trial bottle of CO.
logne or Toilet Water.
Reg. soc ------------39c
Q OMY-An English Dust
ing Powder. Orig.
$3.50 0----------79c
. $1.00 size Noxzema
Cream 69c
Q 83c size Ponds Cream
and 200 sheet box Ponds
Cleansing Tissues. Dis
continued size ----55c
Evening star., 1936-07-12
RAZOR
With Fifty
Blades
49c

Gold d-platedrazor
with fifty Cosmo-
politan double-edge
razor blades.
Molla Shaving
Cream, large
size jars--49c
Evening star., 1936-06-23
closed the gates the bequest should be

closed the gates the bequest should be
paid"
Then followed a search for the un-.
known hero. Careful inquiry disclosed
that he was Sir James Mcdonnell, a
Scottish officer, whose generosity bellies
the tradition of his race. He heard the
news with surprise and acted upon it in
stantly. 'I1l tell you plain" he said,
81 was not alone in the shutting of the
gates. My sergeant, Johnnie Graham,
gave me q shove with them, and If 1t
hadn't been for his broad back they'd
never been closed. So. you should give
Johnnie half the reward"
And the five hundred pounds was
divided accordingly. No other solution
would have been Just or equitable.
The United States now has exempii-
fed like regard for elemental right
eousness. It has practiced democracy
Of recognition. The World War was
won by millions, and each contributor
to victory has been recompensed for his
services. It has been written into the
law Of the land that all were helpful,
all were brave in their devotion to their
nag and the ideals 1t symbolizes.
Evening star., 1936-06-23
Double Taxation
Is Demonstrated

From the Manchester On H) Union.
The chief of New Jerseys Inheritance
Tax Bureau is reported in the news as
having flourished check for $15,620,000
from the estate of the late DR.. John T.
Dorrance to prove that two States "can
tax mans estate and get away with
it." Pennsylvania previously had col
lected levy Of $l4,500,000. However,
since there have been other spectacular
instances illustrating the injustice OF
double taxation, such additional proof
hardly was required.
The country for long time past has
been subjected to different forms Of
the principle of double taxation. One
form is seen in the workings of the
estate tax laws, which enable both the
Federal Government and the State of
residence to impose levies. Another is
the income tax laws, under which ones
income may be twice taxed, once by the
Federal Government and once by the
State OF residence. The current tax
bill, now in congressional conference,
employs still another and more flagrant
form, under which income derived from
dividends may be taxed twice, once at
the corporation source and again by
the individual income tax, after it
reaches the recipient. Thus 1t is seen
that there is nothing new in the employ
nent ofsthe principle Of double taxation.
Evening star., 1936-06-23
STARS, MEN AND ATOMS
Notebook of Science Progress in Field,
Laboratory and Study.
BY THOMAS r. HENRY.

wavelengths of radiation rather than
entire bands is coming to be recognized.
1t has long been known that ultra violet
light, in moderate doSages, served both
as preventive and a cure for ricketS.
Drs. j. w. NJ. Bunkar and Robert S.
Harris of the Massachusetts, Institute of
Technology tested the efficacy Of five
ultra violet wavelengths on experimental
ly induced ricketts,. They found, they
reported to the National Academy. that
one line is twice as effective as two OF
the others and more than four times as
effective as the remaining two.
y X **
The amount of the rare gas helium in
rocks is proving an accurate measure OF
age, it was reported to the National
Academy by DR. William D. Urry of the
Massachusetts, Institute of Technology.
This is the first product of the disinte-
grafton of the radioactive elements. They
end at last in lead and in the past it has
been customary to estimate the age OF
very ancient rocks from the amount OF
lead contained in them. Because of the
vast spread of time necessary for the
formation of the lead, this method has
proved useless for the more recently
formed rocks.
A time scale from the Cambrian to the
Pliocene geological periods-that is, from
about 100000 to 100000 years ago
has been set up by the helium method.
which agrees very well with the ages
based on the lead accumulation and on
sediments. The helium method has the
advantage of applicability to freshly
formed rocks.
An attempt now is being made to test
the applicability of the method of the
very ancient rocks of the pre-Cambrian
geological period before any known form
of life had appeared on earth. Present
indications are that it can be used for
all but the very oldest.
Evening star., 1936-06-23

James A. Farley has preferred the old
and discredited technique Of vote-get-
ting and money raising. Similarly, he
has employed the traditional but sadly
uncharitable pattern of vilification in
his oratorical efforts and even in his
conferences with the press. Thus, he
grants no element Of sincerity or patriot
ism to those Democrats who have been
disappointed and disillusioned since
March 4, 1888. All who disagree with
him are bracketed In single epithet-
they are held up to their fellow Amer
leans as tools Of special privilege. The
very intonation of his mention of the
Liberty League is sarcastic. And the
President himself continues to preach
class war. In his appeals for the Ma
tons confidence he has pitted the
farmers against the urban communities,
labor against capital, youth against the
older generation.
These, certainly, are hard things to
say. But they should be said before it is
too late. Some Of the best friends Of
the New Deal are saying them.
Evening star., 1936-06-23
Esteem for Democratic
Government on Wane
To the Editor of The Star:

To the Editor Of The Star:
It may be said of Speaker Byrns, as
of another, that "he died at the foot
Of his work" Is 1t not pity that in
the feverish confusion and indiscriminate
criticism Of our day that the tragedy Of
death is needed to hush cynicism and
awaken an appreciation of the lives and
work of those who serve us. While few
unworthies may discredit the many, we
know that most of those we choose to
govern us carry on their tasks with
fidelity and unfailing fortitude. 1t has
become smart and fashionable to heap
criticism and even abuse on representa-
tive government. Is it any wonder then
that it is not better than it is, for as
Montesquieu said, in speaking of democ-
racy, that government is like every
thing else; to preserve it we must love
1t, for was it ever heard that monarchS
were not fond of monarchy, or despots
Of tyrannical power?" 1t is a paradoxical
commentary on American democracy
that with the growth of population, ter
ritorial domain and economic power and
complexity. representative democratic
government in America has declined in
public esteem, prestige and power, while
the representative democratic Parlia-
ment of Great Britain has grown steadily
in responsibility and power.
Amendments to and confused interpre-
tation of the constitutional charter and
the consequent conflict between Federal
and State power has reduced our repre-
sentative Federal Government to a null
ity, while in Britain, gradually through
the process of change, the acts of the
elective and democratic Parliament have
become the law Of the land. Since the
House of Lords rejected the Irish home
rule bill in 1893, with its disastrous con-
sequences to the unity of England and
Ireland the House of Lords has been
stripped of its power to nullify the acts
of the democratic representative House
Of Commons. Since 1910 bill enacted
by the House of Commons and rejected
by the House Of Lords, if passed three
times by the Commons, at the end of
two years becomes the supreme law on
assent of the Crown. which is but
formality.
We see the representative government
of democratic America reduced to a
nullity and ineffectiveness, inmeshed in
a tangled and bewildering web of juristic
construction. while imperial Britain had
the will and the wisdom to sweep aside
all those ancient distractions to the
progress of effective democratic govern
ment.
Thomas Jefferson said that "every
generation must govern itself" If a
generation be incompetent to govern
itself it cannot escape the consequences
by shifting responsibility To some mast
or future generation. Life is a continu-
ing stream which every generation must
keep clean and pure for itself and for
generations to come.
w. F. WILMOTH.
Evening star., 1936-06-23
Patriots Not Made by
Enforced Flag Salute

To the Editor OF The Star:
1t is time that something should be
done about the current salute-the-da
hysteria.
1t is an old truism that forced prayers
are not good for the soul. Forced respect
for the flag, far from being good for
patriotism, is quite the contrary.
Respect for the fag-to be genuine
must be spontaneous. Hats off and loud
cheers are not evidence of patriotism
always. Patriotism is the last refuge
Of scoundrel" OF this the Great War
furnished abundant proof even if pre-
vious history had not. It might be ex-
pected that certain of our dunder- headed
Congressman even should be aware of
this.
Salute the flag exercises in school
should be limited to one day a month.
It should be attended with ceremony
worthy the occasion. It should be re-
moved from the routine footing of call
ing the roll. Children would understand
that saluting the flag is not what many
of them now believe it to be-mere
ballyhoo. SHAUN O'DOHERTY.
Evening star., 1936-06-23
"TO the Bravest.

At the moment when the World War
veterans are receiving their adjusted
compensation" payments 1t may be Of
interest to recall an anecdote identified
with another great struggle-the Ma
poleonic contest of the early nineteenth
century in which all Europe organized
to accomplish the defeat Of the Emperor
of the French. The story merits retell-
ing because 1t illustrates basic prin-
ciple which ought not to be forgotten.
1t happened that country clergyman
had bequeathed the sum Of five hum
dred pounds to be paid from his estate,
as he stipulated, to "the bravest man in
England" The terms of the gift perhaps
were intentionally obscure. His friends
insisted that the testator deliberately
designed to stir up nationwide con-
troversy. If so, he succeeded beyond
all reasonable expectation. The debate
waxed hot and furious. Everybody had
his own idea of the right solution for
the problem. The press reported the dis
cussion at vast length. In taverns and
market places throughout Britain it was
the one theme of conversation.
At last it was decided to submit the
question to the Duke of Wellington for
adjudication. who" he was asked, "is
best entitled to this money!" The iron
dukes answer was: "The salvation Of
England depended upon the outcome Of
Waterloo; the result Of that battle
hinged upon the closing Of the gates Of
Hougomont. TO the individual who
Evening star., 1936-06-23

When a person is startled there is
definite, automatic and uncomfortable
pattern Of behavior which takes place
too rapidly to be seen by the eye, but
which can be caught on moving pictures
taken two or three times as rapidly as
is usual
This finding, which may be Of con-
siderable significance in psychological
studies of emotional states, was reported
to the National Academy of Sciences
here by Dr. William A Hunt of the
Connecticut College for Women and DR..
Carney Lands of the New York Psy-
chiatric Institute.
The pattern includes head movement,
raising and drawing in of the shoulders,
abduction of the upper arms, bending OF
the elbows, pronation of the lower arms,
clenching Of the fists, contraction of the
abdomen, bending forward of the trunk
and bending of the knees. Its facial
components include moving the head
forward and down. blinking of the eyes
and involvement of the various facial
muscles into sort of grin.
While this pattern, the two psycholo-
gistS reported. varies quantitatively for
various subjects, its course is regular.
1t cannot be inhibited voluntarily, but
is affected by habituation, by tension and
by the injection of adrenalin.
The essential difference between sleep
and the hypnotic state is demonstrated
by the differences in the recently dis
covered brain currents, or electrical po-
tentialS, which can be picked up through
the skull, it was reported to the National
Academy by Drs. E. Newton Harvey, AL
fred L. LoomiS and Garret Hobart Of
Princeton University.
Extensive records of electrical poten-
tials from the brain have been made
when the subject is asleep, awake and
during hypnosis, with special attention
to the regular 10-cycle rhythm which
was the first discovered and the easiest
to obtain. This appears in a person
resting quietly with the eyes closed, or
at rest, in the dark. Tt Is abolished by
any attempt TO see, by emotional states
and by attention. When the subject is
awake. disturbances appear which inter-
fere with the rhythm every few seconds.
In sleep the disturbances which abolish
the 10-cycle rhythm became more and
more frequent and the record changes
to random potentialS with an occasional,
short, 14-cycle burst of waves, most
marked from the top region Of the head.
The change in character from waking to
sleep is not sudden and is not coincident
with loss of consciousness, the Princeton
eXperimenters found. Sounds or other
disturbances during sleep, even though
not awakening the sleeper, bring back
the 10-cycle rhythm, which appears to
be connected with change in the gen.
eral level of brain activity.
During hypnosis the 10-cycle frequency
is slightly slower than normal, but other
wise the record is no different than that
for normal person when awake. Tfey
found no indication that this condition
was at all similar to sleep. A pin thrust
through the skin stopped the rhythm,
although there was no movement and
no evidence that pain was felt. BY Sug-
gestion that the subject could see or
could not see, the rhythm could be
stopped or started again, and this was
true whether the room was lighted or
completely dark.
= Il r.
More and more the specincity Of single