davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1936-04-08

group Of IA largest Southern cities,
despite the fact its burden consists Of
city taxes only.
That with State taxes included
Washington still ranks third in per
capita tax burden per white inhabi-
tant.
That Washington is exceptional in
having high tax burden and no an
nual interest charge, since almost all
cities with a high tax burden have
high annual interest charges.
Mr.. Parker explained that in the
category of taxes I'VE include prop
erty taxes, franchise taxes. poll taxes,
licenses and permits and all other
receipts which can properly be termed
taxes. We do not include special as
sessments, fines and forfeitures, in
terest receipts, earnings from public
service enterprises, etc"
In our opinion" the report con-
tinued, "a comparison of the tax
burden Is more representative than a
comparison of individual taxes. How
the tax burden is to be most equit-
ably distributed is matter which is
a local problem to be determined by
an examination of the facts and con-
ditions in each locality. For instance,
because one State levies a 7-cent-per-
gallon gasoline tax, 1t does not fol-
low that every State should levy q
7-cent gasoline tax"
d. c. Third in Per Capita Burden.
In analyzing the table, which shows
Washington in third place among the
A cities, on the basis of city and
county taxes, the report points out:
That the cities with a greater burden
have a greater population; that
Washington is third in per capita tax
burden, although only fourteenth in
population; that, regardless of popu-
lation, cities in Massachusetts, and
New York State, have a heavy tax
burden; that Newark and Jersey City
rank higher in tax burden than in
population, due to proximity to New
York City, and that Southern cities
rank uniformly lower in tax burden
than in population.
For example" the report con-
tinues, Baltimore ranks twenty-first
in tax burden and eighth in popula-
tion; New Orleans ranks thirtieth in
tax burden and sixteenth in popula-
ton, and Birmingham forty-fourth in
tax burden and thiry-fourth in popu-
lation."
From the above, the report observes,
it seems fair to conclude that popula-
ton is a factor in the per capita tax
burden, but that it is not the only
factor. The report then goes on to
other tabulations based on geograph-
ical location, density of population
and character of population.
In explaining why geographical To-
cation affects expenditures, and hence
Evening star., 1936-04-08

from the proper authorities in Con.
greSs, established an Office in the Mum
sey Building. appointed a staff and
proceeded to embark upon the sur
vey, the result of which, after many
months of work, fortunately proves the
case Of the District of Columbia re-
garding the adequacy Of the existing
tax burden.
I'm addition to the conduct of the
survey under the direction of Mr..
Parker, the figures used therein are
those compiled by the United States
Government through the Bureau of
the Census. Thus, the officers and
directors of the Washington Board Of
Trade felt that they had not estab-
lished their own figures but had ac-
cepted the figures Of the Government
as the basis for the statistical data
and that the survey itself has been
conducted by man whose impartiality
and ability cannot be questioned.
Following the completion of the
survey it was presented to a special
subcommittee of the Municipal
| Finance Committee of the Board of
| Trade to determine whether or not it
was advantageous to the people Of
| Washington. 1t proves the Districts
case beyond doubt and the subcom-
mittee went ahead and studied the
compilations with a view to assisting
Edward F. Colladay, second vice
president of the board and chairman
of its Municipal Finance Committee,
in the compilation of his data for
argument, which was presented today
before the Senate subcommittee John
Saul, president of the Board of Trade:
Robert v. Fleming, immediate past
president Of the board, and Robert j.
Cottrell, executive secretary, assisted
Mr.. Colladay in the digest of data and
the presentation of facts contained
therein.
''Mr. Parker, with the permission of
the Appropriations Committee, was
present, not to give argument in favor
Of the District of Columbia but
simply to explain the technical details
of various data contained in the survey
if necessary.
1T is the hope Of the Board of
Trade that in the presentation of this
unbiased survey the very force Of the
data and the figures themselves will
indicate the justice Of the cause which
it has advocated for nearly half a
century. Not only will the data be
presented to the Senate subcommittee
but it will be forwarded to others in
authority and disseminated through
out the District of Columbia as the
true and factual picture of the exist
ing status of Washington's tax burden
and the equity of the cause of a more
liberal fiscal arrangement between
the Federal Government and the
Capital City"
Evening star., 1936-04-08
Taxes
Continued From First Page.)

might be secured from local reports. "
The figures used are for the year 1888.
Mr.. Parker takes the view of many
other tax authorities in saying "it is
not believed that comparisons OF
the tax rates in various cities is
sufficiently accurate to deserve great
weight In any event, as already
stated, the total tax burden would
seem a much more representative
basis for comparison, as the distribu-
ton of that burden should be made
in the light of local conditions"
Inasmuch as the standard of assess
ment in Washington has been at
tackled in the House by Representa-
tive Blanton of Texas, who has
charged that 1t Is as low as so per
cent of full value, Mr.. Parker's state
ments of fact regarding the assess
ments in Washington are significant.
"It will be noted" he says, "that
Washington has increased more per
capita In the estimated true value of
property than is the case with any
of the cities except Chicago and Syra-
cuse. That is rather surprising as Is
also the great variation In the per-
centage of increase in the other cities.
1t is evident that too much weight
cannot be given to these estimates"
Assessments Higher Here.
Finding that Washington and larger
Baltimore, only 40 miles away, are
both listed by the Detroit Bureau of
Governmental Research as cities which
assess at true value, Mr.. Parker COM
pares the real property, personal prop
erty and total property assessments of
the two cities, finding that Washing
tons real property assessment is per
cent higher than that Of Baltimore.
the personal property assessment 3
per cent higher and the total property
assessment per cent higher.
Says the report, in this connection:
1T should be noted that the gross
area of Baltimore is 50,38l acres,
while that of Washington is only
39,680 acres. The park area Of Balti-
more has been estimated at 3.440
acres and in Washington at 3.753
acres. The United States Govern
ment property in Washington, in ad-
dition to the park areas totals 6,438
acres, not including city streets run
ming through such property or lega-
ton, church and similar property
which is tax exempt In other words,
Baltimore has taxable land area SO
per cent greater than Washington,
IN spite of the fact that the assess
able real estate in Washington is eSti-
mated to be worth 9 per cent more
than that of Baltimore. AS to the
Evening star., 1936-04-08

Inc following points may be observed
from an examination of the above
table:
% In general, cities with a large
per capita annual interest charge have
heavy per capita tax burden.
(2) Washington, ID. c., and Wor-
cester. Mass, are exceptional in this
respect, having a high tax burden
with no interest charges, or very small
interest charges.
(3) Large cities, like Detroit and Los
Angeles, which have a comparatively
low annual per capita interest charge,
have a per capita tax burden lower
than cities of comparable size.
a. Increase in Per Capita Tax Burden.
The increase in the combined city,
county and State per capita tax burden
of the forty-four largest cities in the
United States will next be shown for
the period 1922 to 1888. The table,
which is comparable with Table z,
Part I, follows:
TABLE Is.
INCREASE IN COMBINED CITY. COUNTY
AND STATE PER CAPITA TAX BUR-
CITIES IN THE UNITED STATES.
4
Evening star., 1936-04-08

The following points may be OBJ
served from the data given in the
above table:
Q) The per capita tax burden Of
Washington has increased more in
the last IL years than has the COM
bined city, county and State per capita
tax burden for any Of the A largest
cities in the United States during the
same period.
(2) The per capita tax burden In
Washington has increased more than
twice as much rs the combined tax
burden in Buffalo, N. Y, although
that city ranks second to Washington
In percentage of increase.
Evening star., 1936-04-08
Trade Board
Continued From First Page.)

technical tax expert for the House
and Senate Joint Committee, and re-
half of the Board of Trade, with the
feeling in mind that survey by Mr..
Parker would be impartial and the
results obtained would be emphasized
by the impartiality of his procedure
and the confidence reposed in him by
the members Of Congress.
Mr.. Parker obtained permission
Evening star., 1936-04-08

Names r Chs-'eston County, s. O.,
places are derived from three sources
English, Indian and pioneer Charles
tonianA
Evening star., 1936-04-08
Text
Continued From Page A-10.)

and State annual interest payments
for the Al largest cities in the United
States. The table follows:
TABLE IA.
COMPARISON OF COMBINED CITY,
COUNTY AND STATE ANNUAL INTER-
EST PAYMENTS. WITH PER CAPITA
TAX BURDEN Getty. 1898; STATE.
1892. Al LARGEST CITIES
IN THE UNITED STATES.
(Arranged in Order Of Per Capita Interest
PaymentS)
Evening star., 1936-04-08

Lost for five years in the city's
se-er syc !, an earring has been
returned to Mrs. Nicholas Weismuller
Of Danville, KY.
The Washington times., 1936-03-05

Doctors and nurses recommend the
steady, even heat to quickly and effec-
lively relieve many everyday ills. There's
q soft, downy, long-wearing cover
it's the full IL by 15-inch size. Costs
about u cent an hour to operate it.
The Washington times., 1936-03-05

Big sticks of hard pep
permint candy, filled
with creamy pepper
mint and coated
with rich chocolate.
So good!
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1936-02-04

was pretty tense, because the
vigilante committee was not there.
Mr.. Ravens, however, was up TO
the crisis and with evangelistic
fervor, "subjugated" the leader.
Later, Samuel Merrill, who for
years was the leading capitalist of
the city by virtue of having ar
rived there with $4,000 in cash,
whipped the leader within an
inch of his life" The gang
promptly disintegrated.
At this camp meeting, 100 lex
perienced religion"
CHORTLY thereafter the city
- was rocked with an explosion
of such severity that citizens were
awakened from slumbers, donned
overalls and hats and ran out into
the muddy streets. 1t was found
that Frederick Smith, general
store operator, deliberately had
sat on key of powder in his store,
and lighted it with match. He
was hurt.
There were other than one-man
booms in the year. too The Legis-
lature, pressed by the inactivity
of business, awarded 100000 for
building roads. and passed an In
ternal Improvement Bill. This
law undertook with state funds
several great works" and ex-
tended aid to private firms also
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1936-02-04

undertaking general improve
ments.
Most of these were supposed to
lead to Indianapolis, and property
values Immediately rose in the
city. The citizens got together the
evening of Jan. Is and had a
great series of bonfires, which
promptly set some Of the houses
afire and wound up with a minor
Geplacement) building boom.
Everyone, the historians say,
had money. There was to be the
Central Canal and several rail-
roads, one of which, The Madi-
son, almost was completed.
Irishmen were employed on the
canal, and once a gang of Cork
descent erraged gang of "far-
downers" IN a bitter battle with
spades at the edge of Indian
apolis. The battle ragged all day
and caused the more timid citi-
zens to take refuge.
A BOUT this time, too, Capt.
L n John, an Algonquin Indian,
was supposed to be bad medi-
cine" and lived in a hollow syca-
more stump. He made forays into
the woods occasionally, and
brought back venison which he
sold for 1919 cents a loin. Every
one agreed he was dangerous, but
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1936-02-04
OMAN DEFENDS
u. S. DEMOCRACY
Church Must Resist Forces
Which Threaten 1t
Clergy Told.

DR.. G. Bromley Oman, De Pauw
University president, today told the
Indiana Pastors Convention here
that the "cnurch must resist the
forces which threaten democracy"
Speaking before an audience of
more than 300 in the First Baptist
Church, DR.. OMAN said: I'VE can
not cultivate democracy through the
use of MODS and machine guns, and
relationships and communism seek
the end of democracy upon which
the thinking and future of the
church depends"
UNCONVENTIONAL group luncheons
were scheduled for noon today. Bap-
lists and Presbyterians were to meet
at the Y. w. c. A.; Congregational
Christian members at the First Con-
gregational Church; Friends at the
Y. M. c. A., and Methodist-Protest-
ants at Victory Memorial M. E.
Church.
The afternoon session featured
commission meetings. Race prob
lens, industrial and international
relations and problems of city and
rural religious education were to be
discussed
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1936-02-04
London Without Meat
BIZ United Press

BIZ Cntted Press
LONDON, Feb. 4.-Butchers dis
patched fast motor trucks and pas
senger cars throughout the country
today to search villages and farms
for meat, while 100000 people in
the London area faced a meat FAM
ing because of strike by 5000 men
in Smithfield Market.
Supplies of fresh meat in London
butcher shops already were exhaust
ed, and most I,ondoners, who had
meat at all, had it from cans.
Ships from the Argentine, Aus
tralia and New Zealand lay with
their holds filled with beef and
mutton at the docks.
Men on strike are the pitchers"
who handle the meat as it arrives
at Snnithfield Market, which serves
a 100-mile area around London, and
the inside men" who work in the
market proper. The inside men want
minimum wage of $40 week, q
40-hour week, higher pay for over
time and weeks holiday with pay
year. The pitchers are striking
in sympathy.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1936-02-04
SAUNDERS WIDOW WINS
SUIT AGAINST ESTATE
Wabash Court Transfers Title to
B. Il L. Certificates.

Wabash Court Transfers Title to
B. Il L. Certificates.
BIZ United Press
WABASH. Ind. Feb. ALI claim
of the estate of GAYLORD v.
Saunders, slain Wabash Methodist
minister, to stock in the First Rural
Loan and Savings Association. Mum
Gle. was set aside today in Circuit
Court,
The court acted on a petition of
Victor r. Jose Jr, Indianapolis. adj
ministrator, which sought authority
to transfer ownership of the stock
to Saunders wife, Neoma.
The stock had been owned by
Saunders and his wife. The petit
ton set out that Mrs. Saunders and
William Haines, foster father of the
slain minister, needed the proceeds
of the certificates.
Mrs. Saunders, tried and &C
quilted on an indictment for first
degree murder in connection with
the death of her husband, lives with
her two sons and Mr.. Haines at Al
bany.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1936-02-04
Nuptial Note

Mrs. Ella Coy, ST, Upton,
formerly of 1854 Kelly-st, to-
day has a fourth husband in
Henry H. Cradle, IA, of Glezen,
Ind, Mr.. Cradle his sixth wife
and Leander Wheat, of the
Kelly-st address, a new house
keeper.
The November December
wedding occurred yesterday
afternoon in the Wheat home
when the Rev. Charles Rich
ards. brother of the bride,
united the couple.
A motor trip to Upton was
the honeymoon.
The former Mrs. Coy had
been housekeeper for Mr..
Wheat and his father, James
Wheat. Today her sisters, Mrs.
Alice Graham, formerly of Tip
ton. took her place at the
Wheat's kitchen range.
And we're hoping she
won't follow in her sisters
footsteps" chorus the Wheats.
Not a chance" averred Mrs.
Graham.
Death separated Mr.. Cradle,
a farmer, from two wives while
the divorce courts severed the
matrimonial bonds on three
other occasions. Two of Mrs.
CRADLES former husbands died
and one was divorced.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1936-02-04
BATTLE FACES
HOFFMAN over
SCHWARzKOPF
Legislative Bloc Opens
Fight to Save Job
of Police Chief.
By United Press

By United Press
TRENTON, N. j., Feb. 4.-The
long expected political repercussions
from Gov. Harold G. Hoffman's re-
prieve of Bruno Richard Haupt-
mann reverberated in the capital
today. A legislative bloc opened
its fight to save the job of Col. H
Norman Schwarzkopf, commandant
of the state police, who, because of
his leadership of the hunt for the
Lindbergh kidnapers, is one of the
most publicized of police executives.
A bill introduced in the assembly
last night would hold Col. Schwarz-
kopf in his job when his term ex-
pires in the spring, until Gov. Hoff-
man has nominated successor and
the successor has been confirmed in
the Senate. 1t was reported that
another bill soon would be intro
duced transferring the appointing
power from Gov. Hoffman to the
Legislature.
There have been persistent re-
ports that Gov. Hoffman planned to
slide Cor Schwarzkopf out of the
public service when his term ex-
pires. While no legislator wished
to be quoted, there were some who
believed that Gov. Hoffmans re-
prieve of Hauptmann and his re-
opening of the Lindbergh case might
be aimed at discrediting the soft
spoken West Point disciplinarian.
Colonelcy Is Political Plum
Gov. Hoffman is a Republican.
Col. Schwarzkopf was appointed by
his Democratic predecessor. While
the state police are depolicalized,
the superintendency is an important
political plum.
Gov. Hoffman already has ordered
Col. SchWarzkopf to reopen the
Lindbergh investigation and find the
'accomplices" of Bruno Richard
Hauptmann. He emphasized that
he had no new evidence, but wished
a shifting of the evidence which
Col. Schwarzkopf's men had gath
cred ana, presumably, rejected. Gov.
Hoffman inferred that much of the
evidence was contradictory and he
asked many unanswered questions.
Several Senators, who would not
permit the use of their names, said
they had notified Gov. Hoffman that
they would sponsor a bill to deprive
him of the appointive power if he
did not renominate Col. Schwarz-
kopf.
Suspect" Not Yet Named
Meanwhile, Gov. Honmans inten-
ton of naming a suspect" an
nounced by his friends, had not
horne fruit. His friends insisted he
this week would name the suspect
the man with the handkerchief
whom Col. Lindbergh saw the night
at st. Raymond Cemetery when DR.
John F. Condor paid the $4,000.
Gov. Hoffmans reprieve expires in
II days. Justice Thomas w. Trench
ard then will resentence Haupt-
mann to die in mot less than four
weeks or more than eight weeks"
1t was believed that unless Gov.
Hoffman granted another reprieve,
Hauptmann would die in approx
mately six weeks.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1936-02-04
16 NOTABLES NAMED
FOR PRISON INQUIRY
Sanford Bates and LaWes
Head Horner's List.
By United Press

By United Press
SPRINGFIELD, Ill, Feb. 4.-Six-
teen nationally known civic, church
and prison authorities today were
asked by Gov. Henry Horner to
serve on commission to investigate
the Illinois prison system.
Since Richard Loeb, wealthy
young slayer of Bobby Franks, was
slashed to death by a fellow convict
at Statewide Prison last week, nu-
merous charges of laxity and
favoritism have been made, Gov
Horner declared. He said a
thorough and impartial investiga-
ton appeared necessary.
Heading the list of those asked to
serve were Sanford Bates, director
of Federal prisons, and Lewis Lawes,
warden of Sing Sing Prison, New
York.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1936-02-04

Mrs. Kenny is the mother of IL
children, all except two born since
Charles Vance Millar, sportsman
and lawyer, died in 1925, leaving the
residue of his estate. valued at over
100000, to "the Toronto mother
giving birth to the greatest number
Of children within 10 years after my
DEATH"
Her new son weighed six and one
half pounds at birth. Mrs. Kenny
refused her physicians advice to 90
to a hospital and remained in her
small, frame home. Both mother
and child are doing we'll"
Deadline for the strange contest
Is Oct. 81, 1886.
Mrs. Kenny now is the leader.
Mrs. Grace Bagnato, 40, Italian
court interpreter, and Mrs. John
Maggie, 30, youngest of the competing
mothers. are tied in second place,
each with nine children since pro-
bate of the will.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1936-02-04
Vigilantes Backed Up City's First Laws;
Leaders Radical Speech Routs 'Riffraff'

for every man to follow our ex-
ample and dance with his wife;
those of you who are so unfor-
tunate as to have none can dance
with the gals"
Everything went on smoothly
after that, they say.
II
A BOUT this time, also, the
L n first travelling acting COM
pany came here from Louisville.
The company was Mr.. and Mrs.
Smith. and they played two plays,
The Jealous Lovers" and Lord,
What Snow Storm in May and
Jure," whatever that could have
been, Mrs. Smith also danced
a hornpipe among eggs blind
folded"
What aroused the citizens most
was that Mr.. and Mrs. Smith
were So and 81 years old, respec-
lively, and even though the ad-
mission was only 25 cents a per-
son, they were given unani-
nous cold shoulder when they
returned the next year.
The Statehouse had only re-
Gently been completed and the
Legislature met for the more or
less express purpose of ordering
20 fire buckets and ladders that
reached to the roof"
That made the city fire. preven-
ton conscious, and the trustees
were called upon to levy a fire
and public we'll tax.
This it did, and bought the
"Old Marion "boX-han brake"
fire engine, in Philadelphia for
$1,000, 1t was at first housed in
one-story log cabin, but later
was removed to two-story log
structure on the Circle, which
also served as a meeting place for
the trustees.
The whole. works burned down
in 1851.
With the purchase of the en-
CINE, the Marion Fire and Hose
Protection Co. was organized. 1t
found competition in the Marion
Fire Co., which later bought "The'
Good Intent" another engine.
Later on both succumbed when
the city put in it's own fire de-
partment.
n II
MOST of this happened IA
1V1 years before jeremiah John
son decided to marry Miss Jane
Reagan and found he had to
walk to Connersville to get a Ii
cense-which he did. When he
returned they staged the wedding
and then two-day celebration.
The first day of the celebration
was at the brides home and the
second at the groom's. Much corn
whisky flowed. Mr.. Johnson, the
records say, never quite got over
the celebration. He was noted for
being the best whisky drinker in
the area and developed quite a
following for his whisky inspired
smart cracks.
His best appears to be about the
telegraph line put down Washing
ton-st in 1848-at least it's the
only one recorded. At that mo-
mentous time he tipped this:
There! They're driving light
ening down the road, with a single
line, at that"
He lived to ripe old age.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1936-02-04
Chile Fears Revolt
By United Pre- IS

By United Press
SANTIAGO, Chile, Feb. 4.-Mili-
tary forces were put on war basis
today as striking state railway work.
ers tore up rails, derailed trains and
cut telegraph and telephone wires.
Col. Manuel Campos. named emer-
gency head of the National Railways
demanded in an ultimatum that the
men return to work today or face
courts-martial.
Government leaders charged the
strike was of Communist origin and
suspected it might be the opening
move in a revolt.