Evening star., 1936-01-06

methods designed to make the tariff
effective for farmers and raise the
farmers world price for surplus crops.
They are the old export debenture
plan, the equalization fee vetoed twice
by President Coolidge and the Demo-
cratic allotment plan.
None Of these requires processing
taxes, acreage control or benefit pay
ments and all are constitutional" he
said.
Justice Roberts delivered the first
opinion before the session was under
way 10 minutes.
After reviewing the history of the
case, Roberts said the processing tax
was inseparable from the rest of the
| act, and the Hoosac Mills Corp. of
Massachusetts, had the right to chal-
lenge the entire statute.
Noting that the Government relied
on its power to tax for the general
welfare, he said:
"The clause does no more than pro-
vide for taxes for general welfare"
There never had been a direct
ruling on this disputed clause.
We agree Congress has the power
to collect money for the general wei
fare" Roberts proceeded gravely.
If Congress may tax for general
welfare it may appropriate.
Otherwise the law would be nuga-
tory"
Power Not Unlimited.
1T doesn't follow that the power Is
unlimited.
There is limit to the power.
1T must be exercised for the Ma
tion-not local-welfare"
The brilliant indirect lighting over
the heads of the solemn justices af-
forded an eerie contrast to the dreary,
misty day outside.
Long before the court met the cor
ridors outside the stately chamber in
the $11 100000 marble palace were
filled with spectators. Many could
not get in because of the limited space.
Justices Wives in Court.
William NJ Butler, former Massa-
chusetts Republican Senator and re-
ceiver of the Hoosac Mills, took a
front-row seat more than an hour
ahead of time.
The early arrival Of wives of the
justices aroused expectations that sew
eral of the big decisions might be
handed down. Mrs. Roberts accom-
panied Mrs. Sutherland.
1t was recalled that the wives of
the Supreme Court members had at
tended last years big decision days.
Court attaches buzzed around to tind
seats for members of the bar, friends
and notables.
Frank B. Kellogg, former Secretary
OF State and co-author of the Kellogg
BRAND peace pact, and former Rep
representative Black. Democrat, of
New York were up front. Senator Glib
son, Republican. of Vermont walked in
later.
Representative Rankin. Democrat,
and chatted with the former cabinet
officer while waiting. Senator George,
Democrat, Of Georgia had a back seat.
Solicitor General Reed, who argued
some of the cases for the Government,
was out of town.
Ruling Scrambles Budget.
Due to the verdicts going against
the New Deal, the congressional ses-
sion may stretch out long beyond the
three or four months first contem-
plated.
Even the estimates of Government
expenditures and receipts for the 1887
fiscal year beginning next July i
figures which President Roosevelt
sent along to Congress today in his
annual budget message - now are
scramblG.
For example, the administration in
dicated some time ago that If the
processing taxes which A. A. A. levies
to finance payments to farmers were
ruled out, 1t would seek new taxation.
II the whole A. A. A. goes overheard
1t is considered certain that there will
be wild rush in Congress by various
groups seeking to enact their own
farm relief plans.
New Taxes Indicated.
President Roosevelt said recently
that If the legislation were invalidated
1--WE will have to face the problem Of
financing existing contracts for ben
eft payments out Of some form Of new
taxes"
Great gang plows which nearly 20
years ago threw up earth from mil
lions Of acres of new Western land,
creating more fields to feed Q world at
war, led indirectly to A. A. AS Gre
alton.
Proponents argued that production
had been stepped up beyond peace
time needs and that A. AA.,ss through
rental and benefit payments. afforded