davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1936-07-02

upon our rights and liberties, and
inhumanly shed the blood of Amer
lean patriots at Lexington
Resolved, That we do hereby de-
clare ourselves a free and independ-
emit people; are, and of right ought
TO be, a sovereign and self-governing
association, under control of no
power other than that of our God.
and the general Government of the
Congress; to the maintenance of
which independence we soIemnly
pledge to each other our mutual CO.
operation, our lives, our fortunes and
our most sacred honor.
Resolved, That as we now ac-
knowledge the existence and control
of no law or legal officers, civil or
military, within this country, we do
hereby ordain and adopt as a rule
of life all, each, and every of our
former laws; wherein, nevertheless,
the Crown of Great Britain never
can be considered as holding rights,
privileges, immunities or authorities
therein.
Resolved, That it is further de-
creed that all, each, and every mill
tary officer on this county is hereby
reinstated in his former command
and authority, he acting conform
ably to these regulations; and that
every member present of this dele
cation shall henceforth be a civil
officer. viz: Justice of the Peace
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1936-07-02
HERALDS OF FREEDOM ', 7s19 2s se9H

April last, and the dread of insur-
rections :. E. are causes sufficient to
drive an oppressed people to arms.
We, inhabitants of South Carolina
thoroughly convinced that I'M
der our present distressed circum-
stances we shall be justified before
God and man in resisting force by
force, do associate as a band
in her defense against every foe;
hereby solemnly engaging that,
whenever our continental or provin-
cial councils shall deem it neces-
sary, we will go forth and be ready
to sacrifice our lives and fortunes
to secure her freedom and safety"
In December, 1775, the English
parliament passed the Prohibitory
Act which forbade all nations to
trade with America, and made YES
sells so trading lawful prizes of war.
at makes US independent in spite Of
our suppIications and entreaties,"
exclaimed John Adams. In a land
ripe for separation from the mother
country were now sown seeds which
would soon terminate into a wide
spread demand for independence.
Those seeds were the burning words
of Thomas Paine, the ''Firebrand of
the Revolution"
On January 10, 1776, was pub
lished his Common Sense" Within
a few weeks 100000 copies had been
sold. 1t became the Bible of the
Revolution, found in the hand Of
every patriot. 1t called for absolute
independence without fear and with
out apologies. Casting off the lam
guage of loyalty and humility which
the colonists had used in framing
their petitions to the king and
brushing aside the lawyers pleas
for chartered rights of Englishmen,
Paine boldly challenged not only
the king and his ministers. but the
British constitution and the policies
Of the British government.
V is Tepu9Hent 10 reason, 10
the inward order of things, to sup
pose that this continent can long,
er remain subject to any exter-
nal power. The utmost stretch of
human wisdom cannot at this time
compass a plan short of separa-
tion!" he declared in his ringing
plea for independence.
From that time events moved to
swift climax. On May 5, 1776, a
provincial convention met in Vir-
ginia to frame a new constitution.
On May Is resolutions were adopted
asking congress to declare separa-
ton from Great Britain. These reso-
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1936-07-02

cialIy Jefferson, all of whom were
regarded as the radicals" of the
congress, urged its adoption. But
the ''mOdeTates," led by John Dick
inS0n Of po~DSv1v"-@'@ -~------ ~
the congress to postpone action for a
little Wine. nUH (, q, Lut .,.>----.--,
did prevail upon the congress to APP
point a committee TO draft a declara-
ton of independence, "lest any time
be lost in case the congress agree to
the resolution"
Four of this cOmmittee-Jefferson
Franklin, John Adams and Roger
Sherman-were radicals" and the
f"moderates" were represented on it
by only one man, Robert Livingston
of New York. Far1v in fhoir down
erations the committee assigned to
Jefferson the task OF preparing the
draft of the document. Thus il
was that he became the author"
of the charter of American liberties.
As such, the great Virginian is
entitled to all the honor that has
been paid him. But ii does not de-
tract from his fame to pay tribute
10 some of the other heralds of free
dom whose work was a necessary
preliminary to his. For that rea-
son, Americans should be more IA
miliar than most of them are with
the names of four Englishmen-
John Locke (1632-17O4). Algernon
Sidney 1622- So, James Harring-
ton (1611-77) and Thomas Paine
37-1S09)-whose political philos-
ophy was embodied in the Declara-
ton of Independence.
OF that document. Jefferson later
said: Neither aiming at original
ity OF principle or sentiment, nor
vet copied from any particular or
previous writings, it was intended
to be an expression of the American
mind. and TO give to that expression
the proper tone and spirit called for
by the occasion" So even though
he did not copy from any particu-
lar or previous writings" his famil-
iarity with Harrington's ''Oceana"
(1656), Locke's Two Treatises on
Government (16S9), Sidney's dis
courses Concerning Government"
(169S) and Paine's Common Sense"
1776) undoubtedly was reflected
either in his writing.
Americans should be more famil-
lar also with the names of two other
yirginians, Edmund Pendleton and
George Mason, authors" of a docu-
ment which was a direct ancestor of
the Jefferson masterpiece. In fact,
fully two years before he drafted
his declaration the idea of separa-
ton from the Mother Country had
been gaining strength in the col
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1936-07-02
First Woman to Fly Was
More Courageous Than Men

The first recorded airwoman was
a Madame Tibe, native of Lyons,
France.
Hearing of the encouragement Of
the balloonist Fleurant at his repeat
ed failures to obtain a male compan-
ion for his flights, she volunteered to
accompany him. This she did on July
4. 1884, in a balloon called the Gus
tave," which assembled at Lyons in
the presence of royalty.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1936-07-02
Population Of World a Bit
Over Two Billion People

Figures based on latest census re-
tons show that the total population
of the world is 2,222, O14,902. This
number is divided as follows: Africa,
56,576,7S9; Asia, LAT, 707 ,455; En-
rope, 574,274,495 North America,
174,375, 279; Oceania, S1,6S2, $50, and
South America, S7,39S,o25.-Phila-
delphia Inquirer.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1936-07-02
New Version of Shirtwaist Frock
That's Attractive and Serviceable

inch material. Send 10 cents in coin
for the pattern.
The Summer Pattern Book con-
tanning 100 Barbara Bell well.planned.
easy-to-make patterns is ready. Send
10 cents in coin for your copy.
Send your order to The Sewing
Circle Pattern Dept, 367 w. Adams
St. Chicago, Ill.
G Bell Syndicate.-wNC Service.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1936-07-02

No American would think of dis
putting any of those statements, for
the part which Jefferson played in
writing the immortal document
whose anniversary we celebrate on
July is too well known TO cast any
doubt on his right to call himself
the author" of il. OF course, he
had the aid of Benjamin Franklin
and John Adams in preparing that
statement of the wrongs which the
American colonies had suffered at
the hands of their king and of their
determination TO be free and indie
pendent states" JeffersOn's hand
written draft of the Declaration of
Independence, which is preserved in
the Library of Congress, shows a
number of phrases marked out and
on the margin: Doctor Franklin's
handwriting" or "Mr. Adams hand
writing"
Not only was Thomas Jefferson
the author" of the Declaration OF
Independence in the fact of writing
ii. but he was also the author" in
the spirit in which ii was conceived.
When Richard Henry Lee of Vir-
ginia on June 7, 1915, introduced in
the Continental congress his reSolu-
ton declaring that these United
Colonies are, and of right ought TO
be, free and independent states" he
soon found that other delegates were
not yet ready TO go so far as to
sever the bonds Of the colonies with
the Mother Country.
So his resolution was referred the
next day to the congress, sitting as
a committee of the whole, where it
was vigorously debated. Lee, Sam
uel Adams, John Adams and espe-
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1936-07-02
Business Is Master

Make thy recreation servant to
thy business, lest thou become a
slave to thy Observation-Disclosures.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1936-07-02

\ THE Jefferson family
burying ground at Month
cello, Va, stands a stone
upon which is engraved:
Here lies buried Thomas
Jefferson, Author of the
Declaration of Independ-
ence, of the Statute of Vir-
ginia for Religious Free
dom, and Father of the
University of Virginia"
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1936-07-02
Let's Live Up to Il

The most outstanding trait in
Americans is said to be an insist
ence on fair play.
The times-news., 1936-12-03
BONE SURGERY
FOR
BROKEN NECKS
New Method Promotes Sue
cessful Healing for
l9 Patients

OAKI AND. Cal. Dec. 3. (UP)
Application Of a new technique to
save victims with broken necks
has resulted successfully in all of
70 cases in which the method was
used. it is revealed here.
Two patients at the Alameda
County hospital here are the
latest to survive under the new
treatment. which is the discovery
of DR.. Thomas ]. Hoen, of Mon
trcal. Like other experimental
methods in surgery and medicine,
il has been a lay secret until the
technique was applied successful
" to the two Alameda cases.
The two victims ever Paul
Rcgamonti, a CCC worker, whose
neck was broken when an auto
mobile overturned, and William
Lawrence, who suffered his injury
in falling down stairs.
Both had been treated by the
old-time method of placing the
head and neck in rigid brace
before it was decided to under
take the new surgical technique
developed by DR.. Hoen.
Under DR.. Hocn's method, the
scalp is anacsthctiZcd, four holes
are drilled into the skull, two on
each side, and wires strung con
Meeting the broken vertebrae with
a pulley and weights. At first 25,-
The times-news., 1936-12-03

! production.
Then the United States will
have to adjust cotton production
to the increasing domestic de-
mand, he added.
Aside from the trend toward
increased cotton prod t j n
abroad there is another danger
looming" he continued. "In spite
of the Sedative denialS of experts
it il alarming news for the south
that the quality of German syn
thetic staple fiber is improving
and ut an unexpected pace. Since
cotton substitutes made from eel
luloSe are a product of factories
directly related to the gunpowder
industry they will enjoy all the
benefits of Super-prOduction aud
subsidy.
"A glance ut American cconom-
ic history can only strengthen
doubts about the possibilities of
rcgaining the export markets for
American cotton and in that way
avoiding the necessary reforms. !"
DIR. Brandt cOntcnded the pres
ent situation in the south is a
national heritage from early col
onial days. He said that one of
the best opportunities to reor-
ganize general reformative con
ditiOnS lies in the field Of financ-
ing.
ANY revival of the south and
any attempt to lift the poverty
stricken part of the national
economy implies the necessity to
transfer large amounts of capi-
tai from other parts of the cOun-
try into the south"
lie added that nothing should
be done To interfere with the mi
gration of cotton cultivation to-
ward the west or with the ten
dcncy To mechanic cotton cult
vatiOn.
Mechanization of cotton cul-
ture would mean that industrial
manufacture would have to alb
sor bpart Of the farm labor, he
pointed out. Such industries open
TO decentralization are manufac-
turcd leather goods, toys, furnl-
ture. baskets. ceramics, earthen-
ware. hosiery, knit goods, um-
brellaS, gloves, paper, cardboard,
electrical appliances, plumbing
materials and secondary materials
of the building trades.
He cOntended that farm labor
offers all types of men and wo-
men who acquire the necessary
skill in industry rather quickly.
1.-The fear of New England
states that new industries in the
south will make severe inroads on
their own industrial wealth seems
justified only if the new factor
les should invade the same mar
kctS.
"The underlying thesis of the
foregoing suggestion, however, is
that any new developments tax
ing place in southern industry are
20 be built on the rising purchaS-
ing power of the farmers.
But there still remains the
vast stumbling block of the rest
The times-news., 1936-12-03

nance its activities.
Today neither of these condi-
tions holds. The oil industry is
emerging from a series OF lean
years and the state government Is
faced with expanding activities.
Thus the legislature, forced to
seek new sources of revenue, is
face to face with the problem of
increasing taxes on its greatest in
dustry. Proponents of higher taxa
ton point out that oil is a natural
resource; that it will some day be
exhausted; and that in Oklahoma
alone it poured more than $500
100000 into the pockets of those
discovered, produced and sold it.
The industry, on the other hand,
argues that oil is no more a nat
ural resource than land, buildings
or other real property; that there
is plenty of oil in sight for many
years to come; and that only a
small part Of the total value of OF.
produced remained as net profit TO
corporations.
But despite these arguments, the
question of where to find addi-
tional taxes to meet the rising cost
of state government remains.
The times-news., 1936-12-03
Has Drawbridge
Design To Avoid
Future Accidents

KECOUGHTAN, Va, Dec. 3.
(UP)-James w. Fox, Ga. Kc-
couehtan, has patents on draw
bridge design which he contends
would prevent repetition of acci-
dents similar to the one in which
bus plunged into the ApnOmatoX
river last December, killing Ia
persons.
The Hopcwcll accident occur
red December %, 1875. The driv-
cr of the bus was unable to stop
his machine and it crashed thru
the bridges safety gate.
Fox, who said the tragedy in
spircd him to design drawbridgc
which would remove possibility Of
such accidents, has working
model Of his patented approach to
n swinging draw. Fox's design has
been approved by several highway
engineers, but has not been adopt
cd yet for use on any highway.
FoX's design provides that,
when the draw is opened, a pOr-
ton of the roadway on both APP
proachcs rises about five feet
above the road level, blocking the
entire width of the highway. Fox
said such an obstacle would pre-
vent any vehicle from passing as
the rising parts Of the highway
would be equivalent to solid walls
barring approaches to an open
bridge.
The times-news., 1936-12-03

Of the tenant population that will
not be absorbed by industries.
"The only way to raise the ma
jority of the hypothetical remain
ing 20 per cent into moderate
well-being seems to lie in re-
organization of specialized CASH
crop agriculture and in u drastic
reorganization of farm labor"
A shift toward food Sclf-Suf-
ficiency in the south would make
necessary adjustment in other
parts of the country. Demands
for the products of the middle
west would be decreased by .aS
much rs the south produces it
self.
DR.. Brandt said that transfer
of food and feed production to
the rural south would benefit the
entire nation because Of the im-
proved purchasing power Of the
masses of tenants.
"But all these cnvirOnmcntal
changes cannot be expected to
move things with the desirable
vigOr. They are merely consider
ed auxiliary assistance. What has
to be achieved within one gener-
alton is the transformation of the
majority of share troopers into
an advanced type Of cash tenants,
or, more preferably, into owners
and the tenants to owners.
This would be the central part
of the reform. The fundamental
change OF the legal status of the
majority of the farm population
will clear the way toward the ne
ccsSity reShaping of farming it.
self into a rotation system of di-
versified crops and animal hus-
banGry.
"Such q change is the only sat
iSfactory solution for the prob
lem of social security of the farm
or in the south"
He also recommended creation
of cooperative marketing associa-
tions among southern farmers,
that the government should assist
share croppers in buying land,
and that landlords who continue
to operate with tenants should
improve the condition Of con-
tracts. 90
The times-news., 1936-12-03

New Zealand demand for cleo
trio rcfrigcrators is growing rap
idly.
The times-news., 1936-12-03
AAU FACING
STORMY MEET
and ELECTION
Houston To Be Scene Of
Bitter Fight Over Brun-
dage's Successor
By ROY J. FORREST
United Press Staff Correspondent

HOUSTON, Texas, Dec. s.
(UP).-Quareling leaders and a
dissenting membership of the Ma
tional Amateur Athletic Union
promise a heated three-day con-
vention opening here Dec. 4.
Hottest controversy probably
will be over the selection of a
new president to succeed Avery
Brundage, Chicago, who has been
under fire since the Olympic
Games in Berlin last summer.
Handling of the American
Olympic team, some observers be-
lieve, merely will provide fuel for
the dispute over leadership and
squabbles among union members.
Possibility of a definite split in
the organization as result of the
dissension also was seen. Brun-
dage, having served seven terms
as president within the past eight
years, has indicated he would not
be a candidate for reelection.
TWO NEW WORKERS RIVALS
Jeremiah T. Mahoney, New
York jurist and former president,
and Major Patrick J. Walsh, New
York, who resigned as union head
when he failed to swing an Amer
lean boycott against the Berlin
games, also will figure in the
coming battle.
Both New Workers. are candi-
dates for the presidency. Maho-
ney has been outspoken in his
opposition to Walsh and indicat-
ed he would fight any moves to
elevate Walsh to the leadership
of the union.
Ousting Of Mrs. Eleanor Holm
Jarrett. the United States lead
ING woman swimmer, from the
Olympic team en- route to Berlin
because Of her taste for cham
pagne, and the suspension of Jesse
Owens, negro sprinter, were al
most sure to be convention battle
points.
Another factor in the dispute
will be Jack II. Rafferty,, Hous-
ton, who was responsible largely
for obtaining the convention for
his city.
BRUNDAGE GROUP ACCUSED
Rafferty, said the "Brundage
gang" would be his target because
Of efforts to shift the convention
to Chicago after it had been
awarded to Houston.
Daniel J. Ferris, New York,
Secretary-treasurer Of the union,
notified the membership last Sep
tember that seven executive COM
mittecmen and 22 members Of the
board of governors had decided
against holding the convention in
The times-news., 1936-12-03
PARIS FASHIONS
BY MARY FENTRESS
United Press Staff Correspondent

OnlteQ EfetS StdtI SofISsPoheS"s
PARIS, Dec. 3. (UP)-Black
velvet remains the smartcst ma
terial for u dressy winter suit for
afternoon wear. Many of these
ensembles are of Directoire in
fluence with fitted jackets that
flare out in back into full
basqueS.
This sleek material is used to
advantage in u silver fox trim
med suit that is made with a
straight mid-calf length skirt.
The coat, also Of black velvet, is
made with a double breasted front
that comes to a few inches below
the normal waiStline. The back
of the coat Swoops downward IN
to a flaring basque while the high
neck is trimmed with q large col
lar of silver fox fur. This after
noon or cocktail suit is worn with
blouse of white satin that is
made with a high neckline that
ends in q pierrette ruff of white
satin that shows above the silver
fox collar of the jacket.
Ensembles in black velvet
consisting of an afternoon dress
and three-quarter length coat
also are smart. These gowns are
made on a general pattern and
usually have a severely high
neck line, long, tight sleeves that
push up in fulness above the nor
NAL shoulder line, fitted waist
and a slightly flaring skirt. The
accompanying coats are made
with identical sleeves, fitted waist
lines and a high neck finished in
large silver fox collar.
Black velvet is combined with
pale gray astrakhan for an
other afternoon ensemble. The
dress is tailored and simple and
is worn with an astrakhan-
trimmed jacket and a tall gray
astrakhan Russian toque.
TODAY'S FASHION TIP
Black velvet is used chiefly for
| afternoon wear.
The times-news., 1936-12-03
OIL TAX ISSUE
TO BE FACED
BY OKLAHOMA
Industry Is on Defensive as
Move for Higher Levy
Is Backed
BY LOUIS II. GERTEIS
United Press Staff Correspondent

TULSA, Okla, Dec. 3. (UP)-
The fabulous oil industry of Okla
homa, which since 1897 has pro-
duced nearly 4,000,000.000 bar
rels of oil, is on the defensive
against increased taxation.
Although the industry's leaders
charge they are unjustly and ex-
horbitantly taxed now, it is be-
lieved the state legislature will
consider imposing additional levies
when it convenes in January.
The first production of any con-
sequence was discovered in Okla
homa near Bartlesville 80 years
ago. Since then, according to esti-
mates of n. b. Fell, executive vice
president of the independent Pc
trolcum Association of America,
Oklahoma has produced about B.
902, 900. 900 barrels Of oil.
$5,3oO,0Oo,0oo IN WEALTH
The average price for this oil
over the 39-year period is $l.36 Il
barrel, according to Fell. Thus
the total wealth produced by oil in
this state is estimated at $5,3OO,-
600, 900.
How much money the industry
has paid in taxes TO the state is
impossible to determine because
of the different city and county
taxes on various phases of produc-
ing, refining and marketing, and
because the major companies are
organized not on a state but ma
tiOn-widc basis.
The base tax today is the !. per
cent gross production levy on
crude oil, assessed by the state in
lieu Of an ad valOrcm tax on
known oil reserves. Another tax
which is resented b ythc industry
is the A-ccnt state levy on retail
gasoline sales. Although this tax
is paid by the consumer, oil men
oppose it on the ground that it in
creaSeS the price of their product
and thus reduces sales.
ISSUE OF RECENT ORIGIN
Until few years ago taxation
was not nreSSin" problem for the
oil industry. This was true be-
cause the industry was piling up
profits and secondly, because the
state had adequate revenue to IL
The times-news., 1936-12-03

pound weights are used to pull
end hold the vetcbrac in place.
So swift is the healing action that
the fracture is reduced in pc
Rod of six hours. After that g.
pound weights are sufficient to
keep the broken vertebrae in place
until it is completely healed, usu-
ally within six weeks.
In all the 10 cases on which the
new technique has been employed
complete cures have been effected.
Benjamin Black, superintendent
of the Alameda County hospital,
reports broken necks occur chief
~ in these accidents:
Divers who hit the bottom with
their head because the water is
too shallow. football players, per;
sons who fall down stairs, and
automobile accidents.
The times-news., 1936-12-03
TRANSLATING BOOK
INTO JAPANESE

DURHAM, Dec. 3.-UP)-A
new volume by DR.. A. S. Pearce'
Duke university zoologist, is Pc
ing translated into Japanese 1or
use in the Tohoku Imperial UNI
versity. 49,
DIR. Tametake Nagano, OF tne
Japanese schools Biological msti-
tute, obtained permission from
the Duke University Press 10 Is
sue a Nipponese edition OIL the
book, "The Migrations OF ahmaiS
from Sea to Land"
The times-news., 1936-12-03
LA GRANGE POLICE TO
HAVE RADIO PHONES

IA GRANGE. Ca. Dec. B.
(UP)-Thc Ia Grange police de-
partmcnt today awaited a license
from the Federal Communications
commission so that it could put
into operation its two-way radio
telephones.
This small industrial town is
one Of the smallest in the country
to become equipped with such IA
cilitics. The police department.
took it on itself TO raise the mon
cy when the city council said its
budget would not allow purchase
of the radio.
Funds from an amateur enter
tainmcnt were used to buy the
cullipmcnt.