davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1936-04-23
STARS, MEN AND ATOMS
Notebook of Science Progress in Field,
Laboratory and Study.
BY THOMAS r. HENRY.

Psychologists now are experimenting
on what may be focal factor of per-
Sonality-one of those intangibleS like
electricity of intelligence which can be
measured but not precisely defined.
They call it preservation" 1t is the
momentum of mental processes-the
tendency of an idea, once vividly
aroused, to persist in activity long after
the cessation of the condition to which
it originally was due and to interfere
with efficiency in a totally different task.
All human beings can be classified on
a preservation" scale. Some have a
lot of it. Others have almost none at
all. The majority fall around the aver
age line. Either great excess or great
deficiency of the quality, they claim, is
correlated with weak character.
How folks can be divided into high
perseverators and low perseveratorS, with
the strengths and defects of personality
which go with each class, is described
by Raymond B. Cattell, British pSychol-
ogist, in the current issue of the English
psychiatric journal Mental Science.
The types themselves can be easily
recognized in any average group of men
and women. DR.. Cattell himself made
his measurements and correlations with
a group of college teachers. He finds
that the strength of the preservation
faculty is so closely related to many other
fundamental personality traits that it
may be considered the most fundamental
Of all.
The development of the factor, he
holds, depends largely on early environ
ment, although there may be an hered-
itary, or even racial, tendency at work.
Whole nations tend to fall in one class
or another. Those, he says, Americans
might be considered generally as low
perseverators and Frenchmen as high
perseverators.
Here are some of the differences be-
tween the two types:
The low perseverator is prone to action
when he is dissatisfied with anything.
He isn't afraid of scene or OF hurting
anybodys feelings.
The high perseverator is resigned when
things go wrong. He often Is self-deny-
ing, but sometimes cruel and spiteful.
The low perseverator is "go-getter."
He is confident of himself and enter
prising, although any particular enter
prise may be dropped unfinished. He is
apt to be erratic.
The high perseverator lacks Initiative
in practical matters. He is conservative
and always doubtful of the success OF
any new departure. He prefers to stick
to safe channels.
The low perseverator is irritable. In
clined to drive or lead others, tends to
be ruthless, is bored by inactivity, and
is apt to be "fussy."
The high perseverator is restful, quiet,
inclined to helplessness in a new situa-
ton. He is sensitive for the feelings OF
others. He is more thoughtful and
imaginative. Actually he is more emo
tional, but doesn't show 1t.
The low perseverator has q greater
Evening star., 1936-04-23

span OF consciousness. He is more alert
and more intensely aware of his environ
ment. He suffers intensely under any
unpleasant stimulation. such as heat or
cold. He weighs more alternatives in
making decisions. He is quicker to grasp
all the implications of situation. He
is shrewd in practical affairs and more
powerful in argument.
The high perseverator is absent
minded and impressed by only one thing
at time. He drifts to his decisions by
going over problem again and again.
He is forgetful and liable to slips and
oversights. Sometimes he makes un-
balanced emotional decisions.
The low perseverator usually has good
taste, due to his greater awareness and
sensitiveneSS of the total mass of stimuli
He never is found with sloppy clothes
or furnishings.
The high perseverator lacks good
taste. His clothes are often "dowdy"
or ludicrously pretentious. He doesn't
appreciate the total effect of any
makeup.
The low perseverator is practical, OBJ
jective, interested in detail and con-
cerned chiefly with material things.
The high perseverator is dreamy, con-
templative, and inclined to be sloppy and
careless over details.
The lows are sure of themselves.
The highs are hesitant, more sensitive
and touchy in respect to their own self
esteem, are deeply wounded by chance
remarks, and are easily resentful.
The lows are fond of music and some
times are musically creative.
The highs are fonder of poetry and
drama and often have no interest in
music.
The lows are fond of alcohol and get
drunk easily.
The highs are Indifferent to it. When
they drink they seldom show the effects.
The lows are fond of sciences and
mechanical hobbies.
The highs tend to languages and lit
erature.
The lows are fond of an audience.
They do things for effect. They are
intensely loyal to persons.
The highs work better alone. They
are Indifferent to an audience. They
seldom have much loyalty to persons,
but usually are intensely loyal to prin-
clpleS. They hight Tor a cause, noI lor
a leader.
The lows are more interested in them
selves than the job they are doing. They
lay aside work easily when the day is
done and don't take things very seriously.
The highs use up the last atoms OF
their energy on the job at hand and
then take it home with them. They
are often highly opinionated fanatics.
The lows get mad easily and laugh
easily in any crisis.
The highs usually are silent and de-
pressed.
The lows display swaying moods with
short periods of intense dissatisfaction
and restlessneSs.
The highs have no sharp ups and
downs, but have gentle swings from
cheerfulness to mild melancholy.
Evening star., 1936-04-23

Declaration Of independence and the
Bill of Rights, he shows, were reaf1rma-
tions Of the Magma Charta. And the
founding fathers of the Republic of the
West were spiritual kin to Alfred the
Great, Henry II, Stephen Langton, Sir
Edward Coke, John Hampden, Sir John
Eliot, John Pym and Oliver Cromwell
the major architects Of British constitu-
tionalism.
"The mention Of those names does
not cause any emotion or even q pause
in the thought Of eighty per cent of the
Inhabitants Of America" Mr.. Swift de-
clares. Except In the higher schools,
there has never been any direct teaching
Of the history Of the foundations of our
liberties. Two-thirds of the American
youth never reach even the local high
school. Each is left to find out the
secrets Of the foundations for himself,
but few Americans and practically no
immigrants do it,"
Hence, the mistakes which distinguish
the current era of experimentation in
the United States. The matter requires
no argument. 1t is enough to ask: How
are the errors Of the past to be avoided
in the practice of the present unless
people know about them from study of
the record? How are the victories of
the past to be maintained and protected
against unwise arbitrary change unless
people educate themselves to an intimate
knowledge of such fundamentals? The
minority cannot carry the burden alone.
Indeed, some who are endowed with the
necessary learning have abandoned it in
the interest of temporary political ad-
vantage.
Evening star., 1936-04-23
Fundamental Education.

George Washington and Thomas
jefferson knew the value of fundamental
education for citizenship. Again and
again they urged the necessity of we'll
informed public opinion in democracy.
To give the ballot to ignorant, intolerant
and prejudiced millions, they insisted,
was to connive at the destruction of the
state. It was basic tenet Of their social
philosophy that the masses should be
taught the obligations and the duties
of the franchise, instructed in the his
tory and policy of government, made to
realize and to appreciate the significance
and the practical utility of laws and
institutions.
But their ideals failed within genera
ton. Andrew Jackson was elevated to
the presidency by processes of revolt
which can be explained only through
recognition Of the fact that he was the
apostle of an undisciplined mob. His
Capital like an invading army; they
wrecked the White House on Inaugura-
ton day; they demanded the spoils sys-
TEN and enforced their demand, and, in
the end, they brought on the most
devastating panic ever experienced up
to that time. The effect of their conduct
was to discredit themselves, their leader
and the principles Of civic liberty, to
which they were supposed to be pledged.
Unhappily, the shameful truth has been
obscured by a cloud Of legend, and
modern readers generally are unaware
of its meaning.
Yet q minority understands. Lucius B.
Swift, for example, has written a book
entitled "How We Got Our Liberties"
In plain and simple language he aims
to present "a picture of liberty on the
march, showing, one by one. the CAM
paigns in that long war for political and
religious freedom which the people be-
gan under the Norman kings and finally
won under our pwn Constitution" The
Evening star., 1936-04-23

II you do not have cat, and see one
digging, you are apt to think it running
everything, but the actual loss is small.
dog after the bonemeal put around
roses can cause a hundred times the
damage in a few minutes. A dog In
pool can wreck what took weeks to get
into shape.
The good the cat does In the garden
often Is overlooked.
He catches and eats mice, also moles
1t is not known generally that a cat
prefers mole, and several other small
molelike creatures, to mice.
All of these are destructive, and a cat
takes care of them for the gardener
better than he can do it for himself.
The house cat is one of the most
appreciative garden visitors. He will sit
for long time. gazing at a blossom.
Sometimes he will reach up with paw,
and then the cat hater thinks he is
about to spoil the bloom, but in most
cases he wishes only to touch it, to assure
himself that 1t is touchable. A cat is
like that.
Cats often play with flowers, but not
often do any real damage. Even if they
do, the amount is not large, in COM
parison with the tremendous damage
done by insects, blights and the like.
What We are trying to do is to show
the small amount of damage cats really
do, and how unnecessary it is for the
gardener to get red in the face over
them. Cats are sanitary engineers,
really, among the very oldest. Left to
their own devices, they take good care
of garden. Their line extends back to
the pyramids, and the country of the
pyramids where heat made necessary,
on the parts Of animals and man, a far
better system of sanitation than most
peoples of that day knew.
The real garden culprits, among all
those named above, are the insects,
worms, larvae, mildews, scales, rusts.
BLACK spots" and the like, the hundred
and one enemies of plants and fruits,
blossoms and leaves, roots and bark.
A rabbit may tear of little tree bark,
in severe Winter, to keep life in his
body. but it is small damage, at least in
this section, compared with the devasta-
tion of the japanese beetle, for instance
oe1OIe OIle 1OdHlS dJ JIle mouth over
some plainly visible creature on four
feet, let him consider calmly for
moment the huge amount of damage
done by aphids. especially the so-called
root lice. The latter alone kill millions
of aster plants every year.
Small spiders damage countless thou
sands OF chrysanthemum plants, and
others, including the nasturtiums
Beautiful moths, in the caterpillar
form, eat leaves completely off trees.
A garden is a work of protection as
we'll as building.
Sometimes the fight against garden
enemies assumes a greater proportion
than even the building thereof.
Our sole idea here is to point out that
cats, dogs, rabbits, sometimes regarded
as enemies, are mild in the extreme,
when compared with the living things
which really do the damage.
Look at the garden, in the moonlight.
All is quiet there, scarce sign of life,
as we usually think of it. A rabbit
nibbles few choice plants in the rock
garden. All, villain! But the real dirty
work is being done by the cut-worms,
unseen and mostly unknown. The rabbit
destroys three plants-and the cut
worm a hundred.
Evening star., 1936-04-23
President-elect Gomez.

Within the National Capital gate this
week there has been a welcome stranger
Dr. Miguel Mariana Gomez, President
elect of Cuba, who came to pay his re-
spects to the heads of the United States
Government prior to his Inauguration on
May 20. DR.. Gomez follows a distin-
guished father, Gen. Jose Miguel Gomez,
former chief executive, into the Havana
White House. His family has been in
timately and constructively identified
with the political life Of Cuba ever since
the establishment of her independence
and has many cordial ties here.
DR.. Gomez will be the first Cuban
President to enter Office under the new
deal consummated between the island
republic and the United States by abro-
CATION of the Platt amendment, whereby
contractual rights of American inter-
vention we're abolished. Since that long
cherished Cuban desire was gratif1ed an
other far-reaching step looking to the
nations happiness and welfare has been
taken with the conclusion of recipro-
cal trade treaty. The economic co-opera-
ton which the United States was thus
enabled to offer the Cuban government
and people became effective at a time
when our previous tariff policy had
driven them to the brink Of ruin and
chaos. Decentralization and depression
steadily gave way to financial, industrial
and social rehabilitation, which has re-
suited in cementing new and mutually
friendlier relationship between the two
countries.
few figures illustrate the benefits
which the trade agreement conferred
upon Cuba and the United States alike.
American exports to the island last year
totaled $59,847,674. as compared to only
s25.os2.ss2 in 1888. As. a result Of the
Evening star., 1936-04-23
A Fairer District Bill.

The District bill reported to the Senate
Is more equitable and more thorough
going in meeting local needs than the
bill which passed the House. The Sen
ate bill represents substantially a bal
anced local budget. The House bill
would create deficiency in local reve-
nues to be prevented only by increased
local taxation. Any increase in local
taxes, in view of the recent Parker re-
port, which showed the comparatively
high local tax burden already being
borne in the District, should be out of
the question.
There are numerous improvements in
the Senate bill over the House bill. Prac-
tically all of them are made possible by
Senate committee restoration of the lump
sum to the figure recommended by the
Budget Bureau.
This figure, SIS, 100000, is not adequate
recognition of the national obligation in
support of the National Capital. Many
will feel that the Senate committee
should have recommended a much
higher sum.
But the Senate committee apparently
put other considerations aside in de-
Gliding to stick to the budget recommen-
dation. Toward the close of a session
In which the pressure of the campaign
year adjournment rush is already max
ing itself felt the budget recommended
ton might be accepted as the fairest
compromise between those friends of the
District in the Senate who have in the
past urged higher lump sum and the
little group of men in the House who
have set out to eliminate it entirely.
But below that compromise figure the
Senate, if it approves the committee
bill, cannot go without grievous injury
to National Capital welfare. The figure
should be regarded as the irreducible
minimum. To lower it will be to distort
the carefully framed Senate bill, again
delay the improvements tardily begun in
the Senate bill and place the people OF
the District in desperate plight as far
as meeting expenses of future Capital
City needs.
AS a whole, the Senate bill follows
budget recommendations, even in the
important matter of public health
budget recommendations in that field
having been rather effectively demon
strated as being inadequate. 1t con-
tinues the increases over budget recon-
mendations approved by the House, add
ing to them certain additional increases,
such as the provision for fifty new police
men, Improvements to the National
Training School for Girls and additions
to the Deal Junior and the Woodrow
Wilson High Schools. With restoration
of drastic House cuts to budget figures
the total of the bill exceeds by about
$4,000 the total revenue availability.
But in the course of conferences between
House and Senate the excess will doubt
less be shaved down.
A special argument supports the de-
mand for new policemen. The restora-
ton of leave privileges means an accom-
panying automatic increase in police
personnel. In addition, adequate en-
forcement of traffic regulations-one of
the few effective methods of combating
the traffic menace-is impossible with
out more traffic policemen.
Evening star., 1936-04-23

land National Convention, on Tuesday.
They turned against the proposal to have
c. Wayland Brooks, the Republican NOM
inee for Governor of Illinois, made key
note speaker of the National Convention.
John Hamilton, the national committee
man for Kansas and manager OF the
Landon- for President campaign, was for
Brooks. Now the wiseacres are wonder
ing how far these old guard leaders are
willing to 20 for Landop.
Evening star., 1936-04-23

sugar quota granted Cuba and tariff
concessions on her sugar and other prod
ucts, the islands restored buying power
has found expression in vastly increased
purchases of such American wares as
hog lard, coal, rice, wheat -four, auto
mobiles and trucks, radio sets, paper,
electrical equipment. iron and steel goods
and lumber. During the 1885 trade
period American imports from Cuba were
more than double those Of the corre-
spending previous period.
President-elect Gomez's visit comedies
with the conclusion Of preliminary ar
rangements for the Inter-American Con-
ference at Buenos Aires. Nothing in the
contemporary history Of the sister Amer
icas more graphically symbolizes the
United States good-neighbor policy to-
ward Latin America than the recent
course of relations with Cuba. These are
destined to grow in intimacy and mutual
advantage under the guidance Of the
statesman who was chosen president In
January at the first free and general
expression of the Cuban electorate since
the fall of the Machado regime in 1888.
President-elect Gomez is certain to have
discovered at Washington that 1t is the
earnest desire and purpose of the Ameri-
can Government and people to solidify
our fraternity with the Pearl of the An
titles and to continue, in line with the
tradition and practice of the last thirty
eight years, to contribute to the fullest
possible extent to Cuba's progressive de-
velopment as sovereign, stable member
of the Pan-American family.
Evening star., 1936-04-23

The end Of an honored life of service
finds no unkind word lingering in men,
ory for Louis McHenry Howe. He lived
for his own ideals, chief among which
was that of being worthy of loyal and
devoted friendship.
Evening star., 1936-04-23
Pleasures of Observation.

What is your favorite gamer"
Golf" replied Senator Sorghum.
But you never play it,"
Probably that's the reason I like it.
The men whom have seen playing it
abused it terribly and didn't appear to
get any enjoyment out of the fresh air
and the scenery"
Evening star., 1936-04-23

It is not conceded that Postmaster
General Farley is soul-stirring orator.
An impression grows that his most con-
vincing expression is evident when he
scribbles something on a pad and rings
for q messenger.
Evening star., 1936-04-23

A large amount is spent on railroads
whose management appears to think that
grade crossings are in the nature of haz-
ards that recall golf by making the game
more interesting.
Evening star., 1936-04-23
A Rhyme at Twilight
By
Gertrude Brooke Hamilton
Heart Ties.

Heart Ties.
Far down in every mans being
Turks the innate desire
To be free of heart ties that bind him;
Free as some ariel flyer.
Free to seek isolate places,
Roads that have not been trod,
Under the wide, starlit heavens
Only himself-and God.
Yet he knows in his inmost being
And to the knowledge thrills
That his God given ties are enduring
As the everlasting hills. g..
Evening star., 1936-04-23

Virginia is working for stricter game
laws. In the course of time human be-
ings in the mountains will wait and
watch human beings run for safety.
Evening star., 1936-04-23

In court the plea is frequently offered,
not that lady shot her husband acci-
dentally but that she married him in
advertently.
Evening star., 1936-04-23

The D. A. r. comes with a familiar set
OF initials that everybody understands
and whose significance everybody must
respect.
Evening star., 1936-04-23
Hands Out.

From the Philadelphia INQUIRER.
Boston University dean advises stu
dents to keep your hands to yourself
when speaking to some one" This is
sage counsel. Too many persons have
their hands out all the time.
Evening star., 1936-04-23
An othe. State. ana Canada.
Member of the Associated Press.

A., The Associated Press is exclusively entitled TO
the use Tor republication of all news dispatches
credited to It or not otherwise credited In this
paper zap and also the local news published herein.
herein are also reserved
Evening star., 1936-04-23

Calling a dictator a gangster, as the
Earl of Harewood does, carries no argu-
ment in case gang can be raised big
enough to be referred to as an army.
Evening star., 1936-04-23

Despite the pleas for flaming youth
to assert itself, the wise old-timers are
the ones who continue to do the filing
in the primaries.
Evening star., 1936-04-23
Theory and Practice.

Theory and Practice.
THE simple life should make hit"
So said the busiest of men.
"It's well to rest awhile and quit
The strife with dollar, sword or pen.
I've not found time to try bit
OF simple life since Heaven knows
when;
But find time to mention it
With great approval now and then"
Jud Tunkins says man with big
voice and broad shoulders can always
get q reputation for being wise If he
doesn't insist on talking too much.
Evening star., 1936-04-23

States rights is a theme of discussion
which limited relief funds may bring into
eloquent relationship with States duties.
Evening star., 1936-04-23
Pride.

80 you don't want your son to be an
artist?"
Certainly not" replied Mrs. Cumrox.
"When we want pictures we can afford
to buy the best without using anything
homemade"
Evening star., 1936-04-23
All for the Best,

"A woman has no sense of humor." said
the man who assumes a superior pose.
did you ever watch man propose?"
asked Miss Cayenne.
mo"
"Then you don't realize that a feminine
appreciation of the humorous would
overcrowd the world with spinsters."
Evening star., 1936-04-23
Autocrat Ignored.

Oh, wherefore yearn for power vast?
The umpire's word is always last;
And yet, amid the strife so grim,
Nobody says "Hooray" for him. 81
Evening star., 1936-04-23
Something Lacking.

From the Grand Island Independent.
Without taking time to read that recipe
for depression cakes" it may be assumed
they have more flap and less jack.
Evening star., 1936-04-23
Name Ten!

From the Minneapolis Star.
Are you well informed? Well, let's
hear you name 10 members of the Lower
House of Congress.
Evening star., 1936-04-23

II don't care" said Uncle Eben. chow
good an opinion q man has Of hissef, If
hes honestly tryin' to deserve it, +
Evening star., 1936-04-23

Rate by Mail-Payable In Advance.
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