Carolina watchman. [volume] (Salisbury, N.C.) 1871-1937, 1936-03-06

who have devoted years to the
of material that might
prove to include indications ON
which to base at least a tentative
The views put forward by
the natural scientists have been
summarized by Prof. DR.. Walter
Krickeberg of the Berlin Ethnolo-
gical Museum, who has published
the substance of their arguments
and conclusions.
The theory is generally admitted
by European ethnologists that Am
erica was originally peopled mainly
by overland incursions by way of
the Boring Straits, and not from
one of the two can 1t is also
assumed by the majority of the
ethnologists who have studied the
question that the old Asiatic cul-
ture was carried by immigrants
from the north to the southern
point of America.
Erland Nordenskiold, the Swed-
ish ethnologist, showed that num-
erous marks of civilization r dis
covered among the Indian tribes
of southern South America Tin the
highlands of BOLIVIA, Chile, Gran
Chaco, Patagonia and Terra del
Fuego) that are essential and typi-
cal constituent parts of the ancient
North American hunting communl-
ty. Among these are screen tents
and underground dwellings, leg
gins and moccasins, material for
striking fire, the earth oven, the
suction reed, from which the to-
bacco pipe developed, the culver
made of hide, boats made of bar,
leather round boats, games with
balls, such as hockey and battle
dore, and various religious rites and
myths.
These objects, the present-day
ethnologists agree, were not the
common property of early mankind
but were strictly the possession of
a certain ace whose w~anderings
they accompanied. Furthermore,
it was only on the Pacific side of
America that the Indians possessed
a higher type Of boat, correspond
ing with the double boats and the
sailing boats with double masts of
the South Sea islanders.
A report has, the investigators
ascertained, been handed down in
several forms Of a landing by sea-
farers of a foreign ace at the
Punta de Santa Elena, on the south
coast of Ecuador. Only men, ira
dition says, arrived, and they were
finally Tiled by the native popu-
lation on account of their canni-
balistic customs. Professor Kricke-
berg points out that it is obvious
that these invaders came from the
South Seas, for the reports agree
in the detail that "the strangers
dug deep springs through the rock
of the coast until the underground
water was reached. AS a matter
of fact the professor observes, there
was nc question of springs, the
wanderers merely worked the IT.
face soil as they had done at home,
where the upper, unfertile strata
of the soil was removed until the
underground water level was reach
ed. This form of cultivation, the
ethnologists believe, exists in Am
erica today only on the arid Peru
Wan coast, and in their opinion it
was brought there by those immi-
grants from the South Seas.
The ethnologists see also an
"Asiatic type in Central America.
especially in the forms taen by
art, in the symbols, and in sacred
functions.
The idea Of the worldly and
heavenly mountain and its earthly
naturalization, the temple pyramid,
the earthly-heavenly. dualism, in
corporated in the fight between the
eagle and the snake, and the chief
subjects of the ornamentation Of
the facades of the ancient temples,
are all considered by the investi-
gators to connect Mexico and the
Maya realm with the Indian Gull
ture of Southern and South East
ern Asia.
The ethnologists conclude from
all the indications now available
that the old stream of Asiatic cul-
ture did not cross the Pacific, but
followed down the Pacific coast,
gradually reaching Central Ameri-
ca.
This conclusion is regarded by