davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1936-06-28
BIG PROBLEM
In NEW LEAGUE SESSION
Reception of Negus and Recognition
of Italian Gains i'm Ethiopia
Are to Be Settled.

italy will not be represented at this
fateful meeting of the Council and
Assembly. Premier Mussolini with.
drew his representative, Baron POM
peo Aloisi, a the last meeting of the
Council and let it be clearly UNDER
stood that Italy will take no further
part in the League until Geneva has
dropped the sanctions.
ii Duce's Demands Rise.
But will II Duce be satisfied with
this concession? Certain signs seem
to show that Mussolini's demands are
going up and that he may not only
insist on the Leagues recognizing his
conquest of Ethiopia. but also that it
recant its judicial error" in pro-
nouncing Italy the aggressor Musso-
lini knows that both Great Britain and
France. who are becoming increasingly
alarmed by the rapid and massive re-
armament of the Reich, want his CO.
operation in resisting a possible future
NaZi aggression, and that this fear OF
Germany-aS speeches of Sir Austen
Chamberlain and Winston Churchill
testify-are the principal reason why
the British and French governments
are willing to go to CanoSsa" by re-
voking the sanctions. II Duce, realize
ing this is not averSe to little f1irta-
tion with Berlin. Or must the visit Of
the Countess Ciano, Mussolini's daugh-
ter and wife of the Italian foreign
minister, to Berlin and now the trip
Of Gen. Giuseppe Vale. the UNDER
secretary of Italian aviation. to the
that Europe's two Fascist dictators are
on the point of becoming politically
affianced? That is the question Lon
don and Paris are anxiously asking
these days.
The other dictator, Adolf Hitler, also
knows the value of the playing policy
of wait and see." That is what his
clever diplomatic adviser. the late
Bernard Won Buelow of the German
foreign office, who died only recently,
never tired of dinning in Der Fuehrer's
ears. 1t has paid Hitler to date to
procrastinate and never to give def
mite answer to proposals from the
other side. So the Nazi chancellor
keeps on postponing his answer to the
British QUESTIONABLE and certainly
will not reply to it until after the
Geneva meeting. Hitler will find out
first whether Great Britain or Italy
will bid higher for his assistance. just
as Mussolini is seeking to find out
whether Italy has more to gain by
joining the old Stresa front Of the
satiated powers or participating in the
mooted German, Italian, Polish and
Hungarian bloc, "the hungry states"
An important chapter in Europe's
diplomatic history that may determine
the political alignment of this conti-
nent for the next decade may be writ
ten in the next few days at Geneva.
(copyright, 1861
Evening star., 1936-06-28
Florida Fossil Shows
Island Once Existed

BOYNTON, Fla. (P).-Discovery of
a lone fossil land shell in Palm Beach
County, Fla, is considered by scien-
lists partly to counteract the belief
that Southern Florida once was sub
merged.
DR.. Carlos de la Tore reported the
find at recent meeting Of the South
Florida branch Of the American AS
sociation for the Advancement Of
Science.
Heretofore only fossil sea shells
have been taken from the South Flor
ida beds and their abundance and
wide distribution indicated the section
once was under water, he pointed out.
DR.. de la Tore, noted Cuban scien-
tist, expressed the possibility an island
existed near here millions of years
ago.
He said this conclusion was reached
because such snail as inhabited the
shell could live only on dry land. It's
closest relative today is found on the
Island Of Haiti, he said.
Thomas L. McGinty, curator of the
McGinty collection, collected the spec.
linen.
Evening star., 1936-06-28
Father Elevated i'm Soviet Scheme
AS Value to State Is RecOenized

MOSCOW.-The father as a neces-
sary and useful institution is emerg-
ing for the first time as an important
element in the Soviet Union. Until
recently it has seemed that, in all dis
cussions about the need of more sta
BILE family life, the protection of moth
ers and children was emphasized and
the participation of the father was
passed over in silence.
To be strictly accurate, the father
was not completely omitted from the
proposed new law on the subject but
$ the only mention he did get was a
. provision raising the price of divorce
: and fixing the amounts he should pay
: for the maintenance of the children
or the penalties If he failed to pay.
=. His liabilities for maintenance were
fixed as one-third of his salary for
one child, so per cent for two and so
per cent for three children.
90 Other Provisions Of Law.
The other provisions Of. the law
which would prohibit illegal separa-
tions and greatly increase state bene-
fits for mothers and children, have
been discussed with so much more in
terest that the father has been de-
! cidedly in the background. Lately he
has begun to come somewhat into his
own-or at least to get more public
encouragement. He also, it is now
pointed out, has an important func-
ton to fulfill in producing and edu-
eating the children of the Socialist
state.
Public education under the state,
no matter how widely developed on the
Socialist basis, is not supposed to free
the children from parental educa-
tion. In this parental education the
father has as much part to play as
the mother. Merely paying the main
Evening star., 1936-06-28

pursuits. His New Conversation OF
Goethe With Eckermann" makes de-
lightful reading. He strove to be ap-
pointed literary critic of the leading
newspaper, LIE Temps, but failed quite
undeservedly, and resented it.
Changed by War.
Then the war broke out. The sight
of bleeding Europe brought out the
sentimentalist and the Jewish prophet
in him. These sides of his character
had previously been awakened by the
Dreyfus case, at the end of the last
century. Now, with the war. they
asserted themselves tremendously. In
the charming old house he still oc-
cupies ON st. Louis Island at the
back of Notre Dame, he no longer
wrote about Stendhal. He no longer
attempted to apply to the present
time the Goethian spirit OF sublime
knowledge and detachment. He no
longer sought to explore the recesses
of the human heart.
He, the scion Of fairly wealthy
family of industrialistS. made up his
mind to lend a hand in the reform
of society, to support the orthodox
Socialists. openly-that is, to become
a modern Pythagorus to the French
Evening star., 1936-06-28
TAKES LEAD
BY STAND AGAINST ITALY
Saavedra Lamas Anti-War Pact Justifies
Non-Recognition in Ethiopia and Af-
fOrds Geneva Difficult Situation.

the more specific, and much more
widely accepted, doctrine of today.
Ever since Bolivar's time. nearly
every new effort on behalf Of Amer
lean peace-and there have been many
has stressed the necessity Of outlaw
ing force as a means of settling terri
torial differences. At the First Inter-
national Conference Of American
States, which met at Washington In
1889, this common desire was expressed
in a resolution suggesting: 81. That
the principle Of conquest shall not
be recognized as admissible un-
der American public law; 2. That al
cessions of territory - shall be void
II made under threats Of war or the
presence of an armed force; 8. Any
nation from which such cessions shall
be exacted may demand that the va
lidity of the cessions SO made shall be
submitted to arbitration Similar
resolutions, though in language less
concerned with the spoils Of war than
with the prevention of war itself, were
passed by later Pan-American confer
ences, specially those Of Buenos Aires,
Santiago and Havana. while, in the
meantime, series Of treaties Of peace
and arbitration were committing the
American republics to the defense Of
such principles.
Declaration in 1882.
Finally, on August 8, 1882, the dip
lomatic representatives of 19 American
nations signed at Washington a decla-
ration specifically pledging their coun-
tries to recognize no acquisition of ter
ritory brought about by force Of arms.
BY that time the non-recognition
theory had already been elaborated
and called to the attention Of the great
world powers by the Secretary Of State
of the United States. When Secretary
Stimson, in emphatic terms. warned
the Japanese government, after the in
vasion of Manchuria, that Washington
would not recognize any new territorial
arrangement In the Far East in VIOLA
ton Of existing treaties or coming as
the result Of war, the principle of nom
recognition Of territorial gains by
force took its place amid the doc
trines Of modern international law.
It was In this sense that the coun-
tries Of the Western Hemisphere ac-
cepted it and proclaimed it to the
world in August. 1888. as their own
conception of the most urgent re-
quirement for the preservation Of in
ternational peace. The immediate oc-
casion for this histolical pronounce
y,1ayot woS the war then ro OirO hn-
tween Bolivia and Paraguay over the
Chaco Boreal, and it is significant that
the peace agreement which ended that
war. In June Of 1885. solemnly re-
iterated the adherence Of both par
ties to the Washington declaration and
their binding duty to solve their terri
torial differences by legal ways, IRE
spective Of the positions Of their
armies.
This. however. was not the only
CONTINUED On Third Pase.) J1
Evening star., 1936-06-28
Soviet Will Restore
All Bells to Churches

MOSCOW.-The bells Of the Rus
sian churches and monaSteries which,
If not melted, were silenced after ths
revolution. will ring again.
The Soviet government has sent O
special committee on a countrywide
tour to report on the number of bells
left in each place of worship with a
view to resumption Of the practice
Of bell ringing. which was one Of the
most picturesque features Of czarist
Russia. All bells which have been
confiscated and have not been melted
will be returned to their respective
churches without delay. Moreover, the
government intends to advance credits
for the purchase Of new bells to re-
place those which have been re-
moved or have become cracked.
tcepyright. 1850
Evening star., 1936-06-28

section of the Workers International.
Nobody seems farther removed from
the common type of labor leader"
than the aristocrat. How can one ex-
plain the impulse which moved that
supercritical mind to mingle with the
common people, with the rough multi
tude? Was it because as wandering
intellect always on the lookout for
new acquisitions he family imagined
that he would find among them what
he. perhaps does not possess-a con-
tinuity and strength Of purpose, SIN
cere and unshakable conviction?
Does he bring a will of his own to
the Socialist party or does he expect,
more or less consciously, to borrow
from it will power and-what he has
never been able to secure-popularity?
Has he shut himself up in the Socialist
party as a monk in monastery or has
he joined the party as leader Of men
who is determined to leave his mark
upon history?
We shall learn the answers to these
questions before long, because the pre-
miership, especially in today's circum-
stances. supplies a decisive and speedy
test. In the Chamber of Deputies he
has uttered phrases which his foes
Evening star., 1936-06-28
BY JOHN ELLIOTT.

DARIS-The latest session Of the
- Council and Assembly of the
League of Nations bids fair to
- establish an important prece-
dent. Is Geneva going to recognize
''le fait accompli" and the right Of
conquest of Italy in the Ethiopian dis
pute or is it going to take its stand
on the principle that might does not
make right?
The question of sanctions is already
settled. The British government, which
took the lead in imposing financial
and economic measures against Italy,
has announced that it is prepared to
assume the initiative in revoking them
and France has stated that she will
support this move. There can be no
doubt but that the great majority of
the other nations will fall in line with
this decision.
But this action will not dispose Of
the question whether the League will
recognize Premier Benito MuSsolini's S
conquest in Ethiopia. The issue will
come up when Emperor Halle Selassie,
now in Geneva, demands that he be
heard by the League. Will the Coun-
Gil and Assembly refuse him a hearing
on the ground that he has abandoned
the field and that no real Ethiopian
government exists today? Or will the
League take the position that the
Negus is still the rightful ruler of
Ethiopia, just as King Albert Of the
Belgians was after the Germans had
driven him from all but a paltry cor
ner of his kingdom during the World
War?
Negus TO Demand Money.
1t is difficult to see how the League
can refuse to grant the Negus hear
ing without running counter to its
own principles. And if the Negus Is
permitted to speak he will undoubt-
edly demand that the League con-
tinue its support of his country S
cause by granting him financial as
sistance as well as munitions. He
will endeavor to convince the 50-odd
nations represented at Geneva that
Ills 10 SLIll dSAAlO"lCOSCO AL
Western Ethiopia.
In any case the League Of Ma
tions will have to pass on the Ar
gentine proposition opposing the rec
oenition of any territorial gain ef-
fected by force This will bring the
Stimson doctrine before the League
for its approval or rejection. The
Argentine has always been strong for
this principle and has embodied it in
a treaty to which both the United
States and Italy are signatories. II
will be difficult for the League to
s-repudiate the Stimson doctrine For
if it does, it will no longer have any
reason for refusing to recognize the
validity of Japans subjugation Of
| Manchukuo.
Evening star., 1936-06-28

~ the leaQerSnlp at IeueVd III
~ urging the non-recognition OF
4 n the Italian conquest Of Ethi-
opia. Coming after the collapse OF
Halle Selassie's rule, the failure OF the
League sanctions and the recent
about-face of Great Britain. the chan
celleries of the big European powers
have not concealed their surprise and
concern over the attitude of the South
American republic.
Yet, in demanding the non-recog-
milton of Italian sovereignty over
Ethiopia Argentina is merely being
consistent with itself and with the
traditions of what has been termed
an American international law. The
Saavedra Lamas anti-war pact,
drafted by the Argentine minister Of
foreign affairs, signed originally by
a number of American nations through
the efforts of Argentine diplomacy,
and-what is even more significant
later adhered to by Italy at the invi-
tation of the Argentine government,
leaves no other choice to the Buenos
Aires foreign office.
Article 2 of the Saavedra Lamas
pact reads as follows: They (the sig
natory nations) declare that as be-
tween the high contracting parties
territorial questions are not to be
settled by violence, and that they will
not recognize any territorial settle
ment which is not effected by pacific
means, nor the validity of occupation
or acquisition of territories which may
be accomplished by force of arms"
The nation which sponsored such a
pledge and which was instrumental in
giving it, for the first time, definite
and contractual form could hardly be
expected to acquiesce without protest
in the outright annexation Of Ethi-
opia. But in registering such protest,
and in bravely endeavoring to rally
the public opinion of the world behind
it. Argentina Is championing cause
dear not only to herself but to all
the republics of the Western Hemis-
phere. For the principle at stake
the non-recognition Of territorial
gains by force-is one OF the main
contributions of the New World to the
advancement of international law.
Bolivar's Famous Doctrine.
AS early as, the first quarter Of the
past century we find the first pioneer
Ing efforts in this direction in Boil
vars famous doctrine of the status
quo" and in his premature attempts
at continental union and territorial
guarantees in the Congress Of Panama.
BY his adoption of the existing terri
torial divisions inherited from the
Spanish colonial administration as the
permanent boundaries of the newly
born independent republics Of the
American continent, and by his in
sistence at Panama on mutual
pledge Of inviolability of their respec-
tive frontiers, the South American
liberator laid down the foundations for
Evening star., 1936-06-28

III SS1E-4LL 1llS vast O441NC IA NLAC
- Palazzo Chigi, where Premier
N Benito Mussolini had his
4 headquarters for many years.
Count Galeazzo Ciano, Italy's 33-year-
old minister of foreign affairs, is
busily preparing himself and his coun-
try for a period of extremely active
diplomatic exchanges bound to follow
the coming League of Nations session.
No one doubts in Italy now that the
sanctions will be abolished quite soon,
perhaps by the middle of July. This
will be sign for the resumption of all
the diplomatic talks which have been
suspended during the Ethiopian con-
fiict. After having abstained from any
international conferences so long as
the sanctions were in force. the italian
government is now ready to revise the
whole situation to re-enter European
politics.
All Pacts' Revision Urged.
In addition it is believed here that
after the League has closed the Italian
case and taken some decision about
the revision of the covenant, Germany
may answer the British questionnaire
and agree to discuss some system of
European security. italian statesmen
consider that the whole existing organ
ization of pacts or agreements must be
entirely restudied and in many cases
revised Just as commercial treaties are
bound to be re-examined.
Before the sanctions came to dis
turb Europe's status, Italy was bound
BY various international agreements;
there were the Locarno, Italo-French
pact, the Stresa agreement and the
Italian treaties with Austria and Hun
gary. The Palazzo Chigi considers
these pacts and treaties still stand
ing, but some Of them must neces-
sarily be revised, while others should
be signed.
The situation has changed during
the past Winter. Italy has acquired
new territories at the cost OF friend
ships. Although Great Britain has
decided to take the initiative in lift
ing the sanctions, an atmosphere of
diffidence and hostility between her
and Italy is not yet diSipated. Some
i'll feeling will probably prevail for
some time. The question OF an Anglo
Italian arrangement in the Mediter-
ranean has become essential. and
talks regarding the balance of Italian
and British forces in this sea are seen
to stand in the center of future nego-
tiations.
Some reports have appeared in the
press to the effect that an Italo-Brit-
ish Mediterranean pact Is already
under way. This information seems
very premature even II the subject
has been approached by Anthony
Eden and Dino Grand in London.
No technical point has yet been dis
cussed and it Is felt in Rome that
the conversations will be long and
laborious.
As II Duce indicated in his press In
teryiews, Italy will not show any mega
lomania by claiming superiority in
what she has often called Mare Nos
trum." She Is not prepared at present
to challenge Great Britain in the Med
iterranean and will accept any reason
able agreement But she will not for
get during the negotiations that some
months ago Great Britain tried and
partly succeeded in raising against her
league of Mediterranean nations
when Eden lined up France, Spain,
Turkey and Greece in an anti-Italian
mutual agreement assistance pact
based on the enforcement Of the
sanctions.
Evening star., 1936-06-28
Plane TRANSPORTS Hotel.

Just opened at Wau, mining town
In New Guinea, a hotel was built in
sections in Port Moresby and carried
so miles by airplane to Its present site.
Evening star., 1936-06-28
BY GASTON NERVAL.

A RGENT1NA has openly taken
~ the leadership at Geneva in
~ urging the non-recognition Of
4 the Italian conquest Of Ethi-
Evening star., 1936-06-28
BY SONIA TOMERA.

~ OME.-In his vast Office in the
- Palazzo Chigi, where Premier
N Benito Mussolini had his
IL n L. L - e..
The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-09-15

Fire attributed to c defective oil burner completely destroyed Q two story, ono family house owned and occupied by MT. and Mrs. Dennis Masley on East Mountain road yes- terday afternoon, despite efforts of pilots of 6 United States army plane to attract attention to the blaze.
 Sweeping low about the house and adjoining fields, the flyers fin- ally caught the attention of the Masleys, who were working in a field some distance from their home. Mrs. Masley ran to the nearby home of Harry D. Sanderson and tele- phoned on alarm to headquarters shortly before two o'clock.
 Engines q and 10, the chemical engine, and truck 3 under the de rection of Acting Deputy Chief Martin J. Campion responded to the alarm. The plane hovered low above them as they drove out East Moufi- tain road, directing them to the ire Flames had gained great headway by the time firernefl arrived how- ever, and they were further hannp- cred by the absence of on accessible supply of water.
 The chemical engine was used on the barn and outbuiidings to pro- tect them from tho flames. David Hays, golf course ernploye, and others attracted by the planes maii- euvers, went to the burning house and tried to aid MT. Masley in sav- ing some of the household goods, but little could be salvaged. The
The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-09-15

Editor Tall Tower Topics Galivantng round the country for the last week vacation No. 2 swell
 tme hot weather, everywhere, will the cool ever come way? Plenty travelling Labor Day. roads filled to capacity with gas charots of all descriptions and vim tages. Trains filled and standing at premium North and South Boston Railway Stations black with folk hardly to breathe The 2cent mile must be paying swell Manchester N. H., pretty dead place since the Arnoskeag Mills shut down throwing thousands out of work There hopes the horizon of starting again. Iris blow to the folks at present Concord N H. busy and clean ever very attractive place and well worth visit This time set the grip down at Contoo cook, N. H.. some call 1t Sleepy Hollow" Plenty of changes there since last visit The old covered bridge no more, handsome stone structure takes its place Good thing went the floods would have washed 1t away 1t the river running over the top of the stone bridge The & M Railway covered bridge be- low the stone structure turned turtle but replaced later Quite few walked the Purple Corridors during the winter Fools are born, not made. Sometime ago big feeling, know-a guy decided to stage thrilling ad- venture. He thought to make big name for himself jumping 12 foot dam in river The water was high at the time, below the dam rock strewn area with eddes and whpoos galore The gent went up the river some distance in motor boat, turned around and set full speed for the dam As the boat neared the dam the motor went dead he lost his head, jumped into the water and only rescued with great difficulty, saved his
 life by the skin of his teeth false otherwise The world would likely have been minus superfool had he gone Such madness would be hard to find even among lunatcs By their fruits ye shall know them Everywhere one goes S politics the air is pregnant with them Relief comes in November Overhead in a Beer Tavern A volube bartender placed the nectar of the gods down in front of two thirsty pilgrims and remarked1t looks
 like rain" Yeah, replied of the thirsty as he slipped the amber lquid and 1t tastes like ran too Speaking of Beer makes thirsty we'll be seeing ye again later on-A c. Cosshan.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-09-15
FIRST OF THREE ARTICLES Model Girls
POSING. STARTS GLAMOR BEAUTIES ON WAY
 TO FILM STARDOM, SUCCESS AND MARRIAGE
Anita COunlhan

When you glance at the girl-
 in-the-advertlsement, you may ask yourself; ':Where have I
 seen her before?v The answer
 is that you probably have seen her In ANOTHER adyertibe- ment- --and another, and an. other. For Che girl with Che
 features and pcr5onallty to Do . professional photographic
 model is much il demand. And if she is much In demand; the
 chances are very good that she
 will be under contract with
 John Robert Powers, who has described his glaKi0rous btHsl- ness, and the beautiful girls in .it, In . series of three articles written for The Waterbury Democrat. This is the first.