davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Carolina watchman. [volume] (Salisbury, N.C.) 1871-1937, 1936-03-06

NOTICE OF SALE OF REAL
ESTATE
NORTH CAROLINA:
COUNTY:
Under and by virtue of the pow
er and authority contained in that
certain deed of trust executed by
W. F. McC anless, to the under
signed trustee, which said deed of
trust is dated the first day of July,
1888, and recorded in Book 1913,
at page %, of the Rowan County
Registry, default having been made
in the payment of the idebtedness
thereby secured and in the condi-
tons therein secured, the undersign-
ed trustee will, on Thursday, March
20, 1886, at or about twelve o'clock
Noon, at the courthouse at Sails
bury, North Carolina, offer for
sale and sell to the highest bidder
for cash the following described
property:
All that certain tract of land ly-
ing and being in Rowan County,
State of North Carolina, in Locke
Township, and more particularly
described and defined as follows:
Beginning at a stake in a public
road, corner of Lot No. 3, Lippert's
corner, and runs thence North 2
degrees West 1889 feet with Lip
pert's line to a stake in Halls line;
thence with Halls lire, Northwest
303 feet to a stone; thence with
Halls line North 16 degrees West
ITO feet to a stone pile; thence
West $40 feet to a sweetgum in
Halls line; thence West 500 feet to
two birch trees on the bank of a
creek, corner to Gaskey's lands;
thence South with Gaskey's line
1920 feet to a water oak; thence
West 420 feet to a stone; thence
with Gaskey's line South l degree
West 1853 feet to a stone in the
public road; thence about East with
said road 766 feet to a stake, Beav-
er's corner; thence with said road
southeast 845 feet to a stake;
thence with said road Southeast S41
feet to the beginning, containing
two hundred two and eighty one
hundredths (2o2.So) acres, and be-
ing Lots Nos. Four ~, Five 50,
Six (6) and Seven ~ as shown
upon the plat and survey of the
James R. Crawford lands as made
by S. W. Laughlin, Surveyor, on
June IS, 1920.
SAVE AND EXCEPT forty one
(41) acres released to R. M. Leon
ard and wife Laura L. Leonard and
sold to the City of Salisbury, and
described as follows:
at a point on the boundary line be-
tween the Leonard tract and the
Dorsett and Doughton tract, 775.S
feet South 3 degrees 40 minutes
East from the extreme northwest
corner of the Dorsett and Dough-
ton tract, and runs thence South Sc
degrees 20 minutes 1872 seconds
West 100 feet to a stake; thence
South ; degrees 50 minutes 40.S
seconds East 1880 feet to a
stake; thence North sc degrees 20
minutes 1872 sec. East 100 feet
to a stake in the boundary line be-
tween the Dorsett and Doughton
tract and the Leonard tract; thence
with the said boundary line North
3 degrees 80 minutes 40.S sec. West
1880 feet to the beginning cor
ner, containing forty one (41)
acres more or less.
Terms of sale cash and trustee
will require deposit Of 1919 Of the
amount bid as his evidence of good
faith.
This the twenty-fourth day of
February, 1886.
c.. E. FLEMING, TRUSTEE.
Robert Weinstein, Attorney,
Raleigh, N. c..
F-28-M-20
Carolina watchman. [volume] (Salisbury, N.C.) 1871-1937, 1936-03-06

AT THE YELLOW label
on the front page of your paper.
If your subscription has expired
it is important that you send in
your renewal promptly. THF
CAROLINA WATcHMAN.
Carolina watchman. [volume] (Salisbury, N.C.) 1871-1937, 1936-03-06

Low prices of coffee are forcing
growers of Brazil to plant other
crops.
Carolina watchman. [volume] (Salisbury, N.C.) 1871-1937, 1936-03-06
R CAROLINA,
ROWAN COUNTY.

IN THE SUPERIOR COURT
Elsie Lee Robinson, Plaintiff
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1936-05-24
TW0R|DESADDED
TO HORSE SHOW
Musical Drill and Rodeo Fea.
ture Included in Char
ity Program.

A musical drill by Troop E and a
rodeo ride by Troop r, both of the
Sd Cavalry will be added attractions
at the annual charity horse show at
Fort Myer Gardens Saturday, 1t was
announced yesterday by Col. Kenyon
Joyce, post commander.
For the musical ride. Troop E will
be costumed as Spanish vaqueros.
Conventional cowboy costumes will
be worn by the Troop F riders in
their exhibition of trick riding.
The Fort Myer horse show teams
famous jumping string will include
Clipped Wings, recent winner of the
$1,000 jumping stake and jumper
championship at the Atlantic City
horse show and Maj. James T. Dukes
gray gelding. Hats Of, one Of the
most sensational jumpers ever de-
Veloped by that experienced horseman.
Proceeds of the show will be turned
over to the Army Relief Society, a ma
tional organization devoted to the
welfare and relief of widows and or
phans of soldiers Reservations are
In charge of the post adjutant.
The new turf show ring in the nat
ural smphitheater just west of the
Arlington Memorial Bridge has been
put in condition to provide excellent
footing. Boxes seating eight have
been constructed in the grove of To-
Gust trees on the south side of the
ring to insure abundant shade.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1936-05-24
PLAN HYMN FESTIVAL
Methodist Home Managers Spon-
sor Event Friday.

Based on the new Methodist hymnal.
compiled by the three branches of
Methodisrn, q hymn festival will be
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1936-05-24
lection Of the courts, violate all codes

lection of the courts, violate all codes
OF legal ethics" is tTa
Representative Cannon expresses the
opinion that - great many OF our
courts and bar associations permit
such nefarious practices, because they
are awed by the gigantic money
powers" He asserts that by means
Of their vast money power the in
surance companies are able to pass
egislation"-aud that az q result
Justice Is prostituted and venalities
Of insurance companies triumph over
the rights OF the poor people" He
expresses the opinion that "a great
many of these insurance companies
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1936-05-24
INSURANCE PROBE
URGED BY CANNON
Joint Congressional Inquiry
Into abuses" Asked in !.
Resolution.

Investigation Of the. "crying abuses
prevalent in the insurance business In
the United. States by, . joint con-
gressional- committee Is proposed In q
joint resolution. introduced by Repre-
sentative Cannon. Republican. of Wis
consin. He would have this COM
mittee propose to Congress such regu-
latory legislation as Is necessary and
such standard policy laws for the
various forms Of insurance as will
provide honest and effective insur-
ance" for the people Of the United
States.
Representative Cannon emphasizes
that "all forms Of insurance have
become q prime necessity to millions
of people: that vast aggregations of
capital are invested In the business !"
He charges that principally life. &C.
cident and health companies through
skillful attorneys issue insurance
policies containing many tricky
clauses-for the purpose of defraud-
ing" He asserts that large numbers
OF our people are annually defrauded
and cheated; that the insurance
companies maintain large crews OF
ambulance chasers to defeat policy
holders and beneficiaries OF just re-
coveries and openly. with the pro-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1936-05-24

given by the board of managers Of
swartsell Methodist Home for Chill
dren, at Calvary Methodist Episcopal
Church, 1853 Columbia road, Friday
night.
Choir and instrumental numbers
will be given with congregational
singing and presentation Of children's
h:mns by inmates of swartzeli Home.
Bishop Edwin Holt Hughes and DR..
Joseph, M. M. Gray. chancellor Of
American University. will speak.
Ministers and congrega tons of Meth
odist churches throughout the city
have been invited, and the meeting Is
open to the public. ,L~.g q.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1936-05-24
DEFENSE STUDIED.

Interstate Commerce Commission
officials said yesterday I. c. C. attor-
neys already had begun q preliminary
study of the defense they will employ
against suit by group of Eastern
railroads seeking to invalidate COM
mission order cutting passenger fares.
The suit was filed in New York
yesterday. but the Eastern roads
served notice several weeks ago that
the reduction would be challenged
They filed rates in conformity with
the order under protest" and with
out prejudice to their right to insti-
tute a court attack
Commission officials said Patrick J.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1936-05-24
Relief
CONTINUED From First Page)

States and municipalities for public
works construction loans BY increas-
Ing the fund and permitting its use
10 make grants up to IS per cent of
the cost of a project. it is estimated
that Mfr 1ckes could put into effect
program of approximately $3.50, o00, 600.
So effective have been. the negotia-
tions in the subcommittee on this
compromise proposal that it is under
stood that Representative Alfred r.
Better. Democrat. of New York. who
led the P. w A. forces in the House,
has withdrawn his request to appear
before the Senate Committee tomor-
row, and Senator Carl Hayden, Demo-
crat of Arizona has virtually aban.
doned his intention of offering a $780,.
100000 P. w. A. amendment in the
Senate.
P. w. A. announced yesterday that
It's profit from the bond eales thus far
accrued through the r. F. C.s sales of
P. w. A. bonds amounted to $780,, 099
This, added to the s13.55e ,O16 interest
collected from bonds by P. w. A. up
10 May 10. represents the total of SAL
45lll5. Profit from the bond sales
goes into the P. w. A. revolving fund
and is available for making loans to
expand the p w. A. program. Only
leans can be made from this fund.
Grants must come from other sources.
The interest paid p w. A. by mu-
inequalities and other political subdi-
Visions goes directly into the Treasury.
Bonds Purchased by r. w. A..
sP. w. A. has to date purchased
$s43. ,734 worth of bonds from the
various political subdivisions which
have obtained P. w. A. allotments
Bonds sold to the r. F. c. total s406,-
1851 Sales to third parties, ma
turtles and grant cancellations total
IS, 389,435. This leaves bonds still held
BY the P. w. A. totaling $130, 1891 1877.
Although the P. w. A. has actually
purchased only $543,764,734 worth of
bonds, it has obligated itself through
contracts with local. county and State
governments for purchases of $685.
047,864 worth of bonds The balance
of the purchases will be made as con-
struction progresses on community
projects.
Senator Alva B. Adams. Democrat.
OF Colorado, chairman of the subcom-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1936-05-24
PULLMANS CHEAPER.

CHICAGO. May % R.-D. A.
Crawford, president of the Pullman
Co, said today recent elimination Of
the pullman surcharge on Eastern rail-
roads would result in reductions OF
one-third or more In Pullman fares,
starting June !.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1936-05-24

could not have maintained their exist
ence during the depression without
the aid OF the Federal Government"
and that stupid and corrupt Legisla-
lures are the ready tools of these dis
honest insurance companies"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1936-05-24
Railroads
CONTINUED From First Page.)

its jurisdiction Ito meet the -competi-
ton of other means of transportation"
Experienced trafic executives were
described as convinced that lower
fares would not stimulate enough new
business to compensate for the reye-
nue. loss.
The commissions findings we're held
to be predicated on a "surmise or
prophecy" that lower rates would 80
stimulate passenger travel as not only
to Offset direct loss resulting from the
reductions. and the additional ex-
penses Of handling increased traffic.
but also to yield additional revenue"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1936-05-24

mittee on the deficiency bill, was Opti-
mistic today regarding an early report.
He hoped, he said. to conclude the ses-
sicns tomorrow and get action in the
full committee Tuesday or Wednesday.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1936-05-24
WOODEN Mills Close.

The growth of import restrictions
throughout the world has caused the
closing Of many wooden mills in the
Roubaix- Turcoing district near Lille,
France.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1936-05-24

missioner had been. selected TO head
the commissions defense counsel
Farrell is a veteran OF numerous rate
cases.
Evening star., 1936-09-22
FUTURE VETERANS =
QUERY CANDIDATES
HWere You In Favor of Bonus p
Heads List of Questions
Mailed to Five.
By the Associated Press,

BY the Associated Press.
PRINCETON, N. j., September 22.-
The National Council Of the Veterans
OF Future Wars yesterday mailed out
TO the five candidates for the presi-
dency Of the United States q set of
seven questions headed by, Were you
in favor of the bonus?"
Declaring that the bloc rule of or
ganized minorities is the great threat
to the American system of Govern
ment. the letter which accompanied
the QUESTIONABLE stated:
I'VE cannot regard money-grabbing
minorities as anything but a threat
to our future security. We are re-
solved to throw our strength to those
who will stand against that wanton
squandering of our future opportuni-
ties"
President Roosevelt, Gov. Alfred M.
iandon, Norman Thomas, william
Lemke and Earl Browder are the five
candidates to whom the questionnaire
was mailed.
The questions asked were: "Were
you in favor of the bonus?" "Are you
in favor of an increase in pensions
for widows and orphans of those veter-
ans who died in the WARP" Are you
in favor of general dependent and in
dividual pensions for all veterans?"
"Are you in favor Of veterans prefer
ence?" Are you in favor Of the draft
in time of war?" "Are you in favor OF
CONSUMPTION Of capital in time of
war?" "Are you in favor Of conscrip-
ton Of labor in time of WARP"
Evening star., 1936-09-22
ADDITIONAL MEN

This advertisement is your INVITATION
TO visit the showing Of Q new mechanical
market for years to come
The OBJECT Of this invitation Is to rive
few men an opportunity to make an nm
usual income for themselves plus taking
care Of our need for distributors caused
by vacancies created by promotions and
new fields opening up.
We will print the names and earnings
OF Q few men on the sales of this new
product. to give you an idea what you
may expect to earn: M Humphrey, last
and week before that S156. q. Simons. Sin
isst ssa oo week; $Io5;o ;oQ: week before that.
week before. $1,000. The above are only
2 few OF the earnings made right in this
territory, on profit sharing and per-
centage basis. When we say this tyne
product Is new. We mean 1t has only been
for sale for thirty days.
Your former experience Is not as i'm
portant as your earnest desire to connect
with progressive company and to better
your present standing and income. We
viii accept applications from men up to
Do years Of age who have o car and whose
appearance and integrity viii warrant our
investment. You win be shown our prod
vet ;,,,t. Ct tie time you nls your Application:
lI5 p m. Wednesday. BY Factory Repre-
sentative at Room 229. Annapolis Hotel,
11th and Il sts. NV. Washtn1ton. p. @.
Evening star., 1936-09-22

Caravan program on WJSV at $50.
Madeleine Carroll and Herbert Mar
shall will play the leading roles. Alice
Faye will sing several numbers from
her current picture. Sing, Baby
Sing" as one of the musical features
of the program.
A story of how a British naval off,
Ger, alone on lightship, was shelled
by his own battle cruiser, will be
dramatized as the "three-minute
thrill" during Leo Reisman's program
on WRC at 7.
Henry Busse and his orchestra will
present the Portraits of Harmony"
program on WMAL at $50. A pro-
tege of Sophie Tucker, 22-year-old
Harriet De Goff, will be the soloist.
Harry Richman and Dick Merrill,
who piloted him across the Atlantic
and back, will relate some of their
experiences during Ken Murray's pro-
gram on WJSV at 7:30.
Evening star., 1936-09-22
HOPKINS DENIES RELIEF
TO JOBLESS is CHARITY
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
PHONENIx, Ariz., September a.
Harry L. Hopkins, Works Progress
administrator, declared yesterday "re-
lief unemployment is q matter Of
right and not of charity" in an ad-
dress dedicating the 100000 grand
stand at the Arizona State fair
grounds.
"This is boondoggling project No.
/ that you are looking at," he ssid
This is what they say is waste Of
money.
II have seen 300 projects in my trip
through the West, and I haven't seen
one that wasn't good"
Declaring that I'VE are going to
have some unemployment for long
time" Hopkins said it "is time we
developed q permanent program for
the relief of unemployment"
II don't think we are ever going
Evening star., 1936-09-22

A ringside description Of the Joe
Louis-Al Ettore fight in the Sesqui-
centennial Stadium in Philadelphia
will be carried by WMAL, starting at
$50.
Fred Astaire, aided by Comedian
Charles Butterworth, will burlesque
radios latest fad, the community
sing, during their program over WRC
at $50. Astaire's song and dance
high light will be a revival Of his
famous TOP Hat" number.
Beverly Bayne, star Of the silent
films; Bessie Wynn, singing actress
of the original Babes in Toyland,"
and Ivan Izantzof, first tenor Of the
Musical Art of Russia, will contribute
to the Hammerstein Music Hall pro-
gram on WJSV at Z.
An Americanized version Of A. A.
Mines play, Michael and Mary"
will be the dramatic high light Of the
Evening star., 1936-09-22

Gov. Landon's campaign speech in
Des Moines will be broadcast by WRC
at $50.
The Washington Board Of Trade
program on WMAL at 1915 will in
clude a discussion of the Presidents
Cup Regatta by Thomas E. Lodge,
president of the Federation of Citi-
zens' Associations and chairman Of
the Night Pageant Committee.
Evening star., 1936-09-22
ERLEBACHER. INC,
1910 F ST. NV,

lZ1U r 81. NV,
Require the services Of Is
additional experienced sales
women for their Coat, Suit,
Dress and Millinery depart
ments. We are prepared to
make advantageous terms
for a permanent position
with salary and commission
to those who qualify. If by
virtue of your background,
fashion knowledge and GUS
toner following you consider
yourself capable of becoming
one of our happy personnel.
apply before 10 am. Wednes-
day morning to Mr.. Herman
Becker, 3rd floor.
Evening star., 1936-09-22
SOMEWHERE IN WASHINGTON

Is an experienced real estate salesman
VINO knows how to sell homes This man
Is s.hla hilntellisent. ambitious and an indefati-
Eaoie Eaoie WORKER ana is what is known as q
on salary and commission basis to
Work with statesmen and assist in MANAGE
houses to cover and. Q general brokerage
business t This is fine opportunity for
For appointment, address Box 405-T. Star
Evening star., 1936-09-22
HELP-WOMEN.

tC0uunucu.D
sdnrIT MsAMIGURlsT rstIclsss Nth doyntcEn SsT
ggssnH ggss noy s work n,,, Confidential. Address Boz
ary. Sl2 week Phone Walnut 7o7s;.
sEAMsrRsss ssnsgrR: SsEUeFieGesd lsdiss and
STENCIL CUTTER, experienced; must be
accurate and speedy; permanent position;
G9o s14 i4th if4s st. Hcss ns sssYfss sd aor Dm
STENOGRAPdER who is also experienced
N handling once switchboard. Action Fuel
Co. Inc. 1881 Half st. Sc.
sTENOGRAPHER AND TYPIsT. experi-
Contracting Co. 913 New York ave. n.w.23s
sTENOGRAPHER in real estate once $40
ger p. week to start. Address Box 1so-H.
MATTRESSES, wanted, Experienced. Apply
Rainbow Grill. 1912 18th st. NV.
WAITRESSES+Must be experienced; lS
to rs years Of age. Kings Restaurant.
WOMAN. white. for housekeeper and do
semi invalid; hours: $50 80 am. 'G Until alter fs
$500 between q and 5. " "N -''''A
WOMEN. settled. willing to work and abso-
lutely honest. Must have some refinement
rTer fnn psNI AdPp Mrs
Highway.
WOMEN ttwQl. over 25, to fill vacancies
viii, nationally known grocery company.
Willing to work for good. steady income.
Experience not necessary. We train YOU.
Apply BIB X st. NV.
YOUNG GIRL, white. to keep house no
e9oking. Apply between and 9. $500
YOUNG LADY, clerk in confectionery and
catering business: typlng experience: ref
erences. Apply 3412 14th st. NV.
YOUNG WHITE GIRL for general house,
Call hensington 2l2 Wednesday between
AMAZING, new Christmas cards; sender
i've. personal. Sell "EmbosSo" assortment
pront-,up to S. daily spare time: extra
casn Donus; premiums: other aSsts SOC
ap aappo Free sample offer; Friendship Studios.
SHOE SALESWOMAN,
Thoroughly. experienced: part-time and
sSessI.ar9ynd year. Saturday work. A. S. Beck
STENOGRAPHER, experi-
enced, preferably with Office
experience in retail credit
establishment. Address Box
175-H, Star Office.
CLERICAL POSITIONS open
in retail credit establishment.
Address Box 174-H, Star
office.
Evening star., 1936-09-22
TWO MEN.

Due to promotions in our organizstion.
we nave openings for two men In electrical
dept, permanent position paid weekly:
neat appearing married men; must have
car Cau Potomac 1877. after pm,
Evening star., 1936-09-22
3 AUTOMOBILE
SALESMEN.


Highest commissions paid.
Experienced, live-wire men
can make substantial sala-
ries. Biggest floor play in
town. Demonstrators fur
nished. Apply in person to
Mr.. Rosenthal, Ourism a n
Chevrolet Sales Co., 14th st.
Branch, 1901 14th street NV,
between 10 and IL am.
MAN CAPABLE OF INTER
VIEWING CUSTOMERS
FOR LARGE INSTALL
MENT HOUSE. MUST BE
EN- ERGETIC AND NOT
AFRAID OF HARD WORK;
SPLENDID OPPORTUNITY
FOR THE ONE QUALIFY
ING. STATE AGE AND REF
ERENCES. ADDRESS BOX
188-H, STAR OFFICE.
Evening star., 1936-09-22
Raleigh Haberdasher Needs
EXPERIENCED
MILLINERY
SALESWOMAN

We have an opening for a
capable person thoroughly ex-
perienced in selling millinery.
Permanent position; good salary.
If you have the qualifications,
apply any morning before II
am. to Raleigh Haberdasher,
Personnel Dept, Room 204. 1920
F ST
Evening star., 1936-09-22

back to the dole" he added, "and ]
don't think there is any reason why
any one should live in poverty"
Evening star., 1936-09-22

HELP-WOMEN.
ADVERTISING SOLICITORS, experienced
tor weekly ps salary yoar, and
ALL-AROUND OPERATOR. experienced;
must be good finger waver Apply Rose
Marie Beauty Salon. 127 18th ST. ne.
ALTERATION HAND. experienced. 3514
Conn. ave.
BEAUTY OPERATOR. experienced; must
Steady position. Address Box 154-H. Star
% Sork Appiy iAe at he Charm arm iSe Beauty sSop
fourth floor. 1917 st. NV.
CHILD'S NURSE, white, refined, for A.
year-old girl; 5S upstairs work. 1929 s st.
handling high-ciass ciientele; permanent: :
profitable. Address Box 2S9-E. Star ofhce:
DEMONSTRATORS with department store
housewares experience. Part or full time
dress Box 3OO-G. Star ONCE.
DEMONSTRATORS to demonstrate WASH
ington'S newest non-competitlve food prod
s Ss oS State adsss snd sar By
EXTRA HELP wanted in ladies' ready-to-
wear store. Experienced only. 925 H
st. ne.
GIRL. white. INTELLIGENT 20 to ,35. to col
Iect Pack WORK shd p.T ponth
Phone Severna Park 165.
GIRLS (3), for pleasant outdoor work.
Paid while learning. Apply 8 am. sharp.
ready for work. 1410 II st. NV. Room
LADIES two), Intelligent, good person.
Atty. for dignified appointment sales work;
paying immediate income. Apply Room 205'
1927 Eye st. NV.
LADIES (2). dept. store or sales exper-
fence: must be neat and give good refer
ence; pay discussed at interview. Mr
Cooper 403 Adams Bldg. 26s
LADIESIChristmas cards. Big commits
sions selling personal Christmas cards. sta
tionery and sensational assortments.
Special low-priced humorous personaIl
cards. Free samples: Wallace Brown. 22o
FiftN ave, Dept WS. New York.
MARRIED WOMEN, neat. young. for once:
SIS to start; experience not necessary. The
Paragon" 1907 Eye st, NV.
Evening star., 1936-09-22
TUNES RESTRICTED
T0LEAD|NG BANDS
Lesser 0rchestras Turn to
Old Hits as New Ones
Are Cornered.

w YITH the boards going up for
AA/ the Winter at the Summer
wv dance spots, the bandsmen
are back in New York get
Evening star., 1936-09-22

CLERICAL POSITIONS open
in retail credit establishment.
Address Box 174-H, Star
Office.
Evening star., 1936-09-22
INSTRUCTION COURSES.

method. Try q lesson free. Emerson 5752
BE p. B. x telephone switchboard) op-
orator; easily learned with brief typing
course, 2 wks.. 9-3 daily. only Sl5 PER-