davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1936-08-11
EXPECT AMERICANS
TO QUIT CAPITAL
Copyright 1886 United Press

MADRID, Aug. IL. (Uf)-be-
tween 80 and 40 Americans, most
Nv women and children, were
scheduled to leave Madrid for Va,
lencia last night by train to board
the American cruiser Quincy
Tuesday. They included Mrs. 5.
@. Fuqua, wife Of Military At
tache Colonel Fuqua, U. >. Con,
sui H. johnson and, family and
Commercial Attache A. f. Nu1er.
Meanwhile, loyalist aviators
brought to the capital q tri-motor-
ed Junkers airplane which was
forced to land in Badajoz PROV 70,
ince, southwest of Madrid; Inc
nIane bore the number 81. the
letters ANY and the Swastika; IL
did not carry arms. Three Ger
mans and one Spaniard, allegedly
Comprising the planes crew, were
arrested. Z
claiming the Canary islands: Span
ish Morocco and Ifni and Rio de
Orc, Spanish colonies Of the east
ern coast of Africa, war zones.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1936-08-11
Three STATES
IN PRIMARIES
Senate Veterans Seek Re-
nominations. Florida
Dems at Polls
(By UNITED PRESS)

Primaries in which two senate
veterans, Majority Leader Jos. L.
Robinson and VIM. E. Borah, OF
Idaho, are candidates for renomi-
nation, were in progress today.
Senator Borah is being opposed
by a Townsend candidate in the
Republican candidate in Idaho. In
Arkansas, Senator Robinson has
two opponents.
In Florida, Democrats were en-
gagged today in voting their choice
between Doyle Carlton, former
governor, and Charles Andrews,
one of whom will succeed the late
United States Senator Park Tram
nell.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1936-08-11
Tourists Arrange
Card Party Here

The Rendersonville All-States
Tourist club met last night at the
Ames hotel and a large number
of visitors were present.
Several recitations were given
by Miss Margaret Howell, and D..
E. Billman, of st. Petersburg, i'm
personated Major Bowes in pro-
gram in which all took part.
The next meeting of the club
will be held at the Ames hotel on
next Monday night at 7:45 o'clock.
The club will have a card party at
the Ames hotel on Friday after
noon at 3 o'clock. All summer Wis
itors are invited to attend.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1936-08-11
.PERUDS TEAMS
ANCERED,
BERLIN GAMES
Dirty Playing, Refereeing
Are Charged in Game
With Austria
GERMAN CONSULATE
AT LIMA STONED

BERLIN, Aug. II. (UP)-All
Peruvian athletes in the Olympic
games will leave Berlin tomorrow
for Paris as a result of the failure
of the international Football as
ISOLATION to settle to Peru's salts
faction the dispute arising from
the soccer game with Austria, it
was announced this morning.
Peru officially withdrew its en-
tire team from the 18th Olympic
games last night following a
squabble over soccer game which
the international Football associ-
alton ordered replaye dafter Peru
had defeated Austria.
The team will depart for Paris
tomorrow. on its way back to
South America.
The federation ordered Peru to
replay Austria because the latter
nation protested that spectators
entering the field during play on
Saturday hindered the Austrians
to a point where they were de-
feated, Az.
At Olympic village, where the
Peruvian Team remained when it
was supposed to'be replaying the
match, an official who asked that
his name be withheld said:
eve won the match against
Austria. despite dirty play, dirty
refereeing and prejudiced lines
men,"
A spokesman for officials an
nounced:
"As Peru has not obeyed the
order to play Austria, the latter
is automatically declared the win
ner and will play Poland in the
semi-fnals tomorrow"
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1936-08-11
Mrs. Means Sees
Prison Doctors

LEAVENWORTH, Kans., Aug.
.11.-CUP)-Mrs. Julia Means,
wife of CASTOR B. Means, convict
ed preparatory of the Lindbergh
baby recovery hoax, today arriv-
ed here to confer with prison ply
sicians on whether her husband
should be operated on to save his
life.
Means suffered a gall bladder
attack on Saturday. Physicians
urged an immediate operation but
he refused. They then called his
wife to ask her permission to op-
crate.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1936-08-11
s. F. Clevenger
satisfied In
|andfng OF Case
! ! he Is Pleased Over
fact Daughters Muir
derer Is Taken

Nv y Y YORK, Aug. II. CUP,-
H. !, Clevenger, whose ' Sangb-
| " 4 was murdered in Gs No.
:, \, C.! 9, last July Is, i, int mat
= Mn, night that he was c dissatis-
h WIN n the manner in Which Which
/ t5a carolina authorities han
Esr. search for his daughters
|tioa : tS of course % a great salts
(ly1 so mat the case has been 6een
taa 3sits@ and ,Dd. the murderer rot Of
pr sS,a IN his first state statema nte "
fsS t H. ., As to the manner l1l1r. i; IN
ks7e sae ca case has been n'I handled IA
sb It y and as to the ms aanare 4,
81 1 i,s1a to make sJ at tbis nave nave
Ses Late ate,Sa statement OF on thai that
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1936-08-11
Dalton Clan viii
Meet August 18th

The annual reunion of the Dali
ton family will be held at the
home of Mr.. and Mrs. Edgar B.
Barnwell, at Barnwell, on Sunday,
August 16.
The Rev. H. E. Hill, of Cincin-
natl, Ohio, will be the principal
speaker and special music will be
furnished by the Walker quartet
of Knoxville, Tenn.
All friends and relatives are
cordially invited to attend and
bring picnic baskets.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1936-08-11
TRIPLE MARRIAGE
IS HELD FOR THREE
HENDERSON COUPLES

Three Henderson county cou-
pies were, united in marriage IN
a triple ceremony at GreenVllle
on last Saturday.
Miss Eva Jane Thompson was
married to Robert Clark; Miss
Ruth Presley became the bride
of Norman Suttles, and Miss
Grace Lee was married to
Harry Hoots.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1936-08-11
Insane Hosital
Quilted By Fire

MOUNTAIN PLEASANT, Ia,
Aug. II. (UP)-One thousand in
mates of the state hospital for the
insane milled around in two small
buildings here today, the remains
of an institution which was gut
ted by fire. 49,. =.
Volunteers and handful of
officers maintained constant
watch over the ilunatics. Nearly
five thousand townspeople locked
arms in a ring around the grounds
to prevent escapes when the pa
tients were led from the burning
building. N...
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1936-08-11
KEEPS ms WORD
++-- ~ Z

CHICAGO, Aug. If S(UP)-
William Kerwer means, what he
says. A thief stoleohis fathers car
yesterday and William in report
ing to police said, "If fever catch
him I'll beat HIM to- apulp." A
few hours later Kerwer returned
with q bruised and ilasetated in
dividual, Thomas Alcock, 10. r"l
found him." said Kerwer.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1936-08-11
JURORS HARD TO GET

NEW YORK, Aug. II. W.
Federal Judge John W. CIanCy
yesterday sent so deputy U; u
marshals into the streets to ilnI
IL prospective jurors who h"u
never bought a sweepstakes tlcket;
Three panels had been exhauS'e1
over this point.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1936-08-11
STILL
STORY
4 PRISONER
|,,Id Clear Up Discrep-
',ries Before Case
Comes to Trial
LNyINCED ASSAULT
EsS NOORE'S MOTIVE
MERRILL COMPTON
D.. Staff CorresPondent

MERRILL COMPTON,
| p,.,, Staff Correspondent
/ ''sSGaEtvILE. Aug. II. (UP)
r, aS-I Moore, towering coal black
u r I head pops forward
e. we're deformed, last night
= r.riIess questioning be-
- .ss on trial in superior
Il. s.,s next Monday Cor the
-, :; ., II pretty Helen Clevenger
Bs@ery Park hotel last July
y, sv.ioot. three-inch negro,
S,r a, the hotel where the
T,i university honor stu
!. "a lain. will be questioned
~; sa,ements in his confes-
!, IA. be entered the girls
m or,y 70 rob her.
E..riif Laurence E. Brown, who
IT, Moore Saturday mid
!, and has his confession Of
murder. believes parts Of the
lesson are untrue. Brown said
BELIEVES Moore entered Miss
Eprgers room to attack her,
\ he was unable to make the
klt because the girl frighten-
n bv screaming and attempt
> telephone the hotel desk.
IIsore was slipped out of his
b floor cell in the towering
tssnbe county court house
tay before noon yesterday to
! seventh floor court room OF
Ike J. P. Kilchin. There, before
surprised crowd of 10 persons,
] negro. heavily manacled, wav-
hearing on charges of murder
\ the girI student and of bur
IL with FIRE arms. Each charge
ries mandatory punishment OF
BIZ UPON conviction.
|I15oa Kitchen ordered Moore
I without bond pending action
the grand jury, which con-
ts Monday and which Solicl-
! zeoT. NettleS said would con-
b the negroes case first so
! trial could be started imme-
(,ey.
EhomaS 4. Jones, Jr., Asheville
pney, was named counsel for
frightened boy yesterday,
b Donald Phillips, who will
pc over superior court next
probably will name another
2 70 represent Moore when
"a begins.
.sre are a number of dis
Elcies in the confession that
Gs going to check over before
Ta., Brown said.
EaFF BELIEVES ASSAULT
s MOTIVE
think Moore lied when he
he went to Miss Clevenger';
70 rob her. He tried two
before going into her room
Confession said, but | think
vent directly to her room t.
aer. He saw her twice be,
NE night of the attack. Once
" ner leaving her room 90.
9Sn the hall to her uncle,
-:fnt Brown said least of hi.
was the report anticipat
1OI ,,y from Deputy Sheriff
AeSser. Messer is in New
I" have ballistic expert.
n cartridges found in thu
continued on page :hree)
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1936-08-11
SET HOOPERS CREEK
CEMETERY CLEANING

Persons having friends or rela-
tives buried in the Hoopers Creek
cemetery are requested to JOIN IN
cleaning it up next Saturday, Au-
gust 15,
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1936-08-11
GIRL TRIPLETS BORN

MERIDIAN, Miss, Aug. H.
(UP)-Triplet girls, born to Mrs.
Duggar Lewis Lambruth of De-
Soto, yesterday were named An
nette, Marie and Cecile in honor
of three of the Dionne quintup-
lets,
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1936-08-11

bilant at it's resistance to rebel
thrusts, the government asserted
today that the end Of the rebel
lion is approaching.
WASHINGTON, Aug. II. (UP)
The state department was advised
today that the Spanish govern
ment at Madrid is attempting to
arrange with rebel leaders at Ora
NADIA for suspension of HOSTILE
ties to permit the evacuation Of
foreigners from that tourist
mecca.
Copyright 1886 United Press
Today's developments in the
Spanish revolt are:
MADRID. - The government
claims control of three-fourths of
the country and says. the end Of
the rebellion is approaching.
PoRTBoU, France.-Authentic
dispatches confirm the execution
of four Germans at Barcelona.
BARCELONA.-General Coded,
rebel chieftain, will be courtmar-
tailed today.
GIBRALTAR.-British warships
patrol territorial waters to pre-
vent violation of Gilbraltar's neu-
trality by rebels and loyalists.
LONDON.-The British admir-
atty seeks an agreement between
rebels. and 1oyaGsts to evacuate
200 foreigners, including 80 Amer
leans stranded at Granada and
now under fire of loyalist bomb
ers.
international aspects Of the
Spanish civil war were intensified
Monday with the following de-
velopments:
Great Britain sharply protested
to insurgents over the death Of
Captain Saville, yachtman, and
injuries to his wife when rebel
warship shelled Gijon.
The Vatican protested to the
Madrid government over the STAY
ing of priests and the burning Of
churches.
Spanish loyalists seized Ger
man Lufthansa plane, complicat-
ing difficulties with Germany,
which already, had protested the
killing Of seven Germans. Two
additional German torpedo boats
were ordered to Spanish waters.
France, on Germany's sugges-
ton, prepared to invite the Uni
ted States to participate in q gen.
eral international pact pledging
non-itervention in Spain.
Italy, also protesting to Spain
against the killing of three Italian
subjects, delayed her reply to the
neutrality proposal.
Great Britain, enforcing neu-
trality measures at Gibraltar,
warned that partisans of either
side in the Spanish war would be
expelled summarily from the for
tress.
Rebel and loyalist radio stations
indicated that the military stale
mate within Spain continues with
both sides awaiting outcome OF the
main insurgent drive against Ma
drid. Fighting at Owiedo, lara
GOA and other points was con-
sidered secondary to the struggle
for control of the capital.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1936-08-11
GRANADA May
TRUCE TO
Save TOURISTS
Would Permit Evacuation
of Foreigners in Mecca
for Visitors
MOST OF COUNTRY IS
UNDER CONTROL

MADRID, Aug. II. (UP).-Ju-
bilant at it's resistance to rebel
thrusts, the government asserted
today that the end of the rebel
lion is approaching.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1936-08-11
WEATHER

p,rtly sl0a .;SIv scattered thun-
.' sss..', and cooler
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1936-08-11
OODAFTERNooN

An Indian maharajah has shot
his 501st tiger, and Is open for
negotiations with any group of
dissruntled Detroit fans.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1936-10-02
REBELS DRIVE
NADRIDNARD
Declare
Communist Talk
Is Absurd

GIBRALTAR, Oct. ,. (UP).-
The Spanish nationaliSts today
thrust toward Madrid as President
Manual Azana asserted that the
loyalists would win the war in or
der TO give the country political
liberty, and not socialism or COM
muriSm.
Rcinforccmcnts today were sent
to strengthen the loyaliSt lines,
southwest Of Madrid.
Rebels reported the capture of
Mount Mijaras, 81 miles south
west Of Madrid in the GrcdoS
mountains, where the ficrccst
fighting Of recent days has been
in progress. Rebels also claimed
the capture Of city 81 miles north
east Of Madrid.
On the Toledo front, all was
quiet with the rebels organizing
for further advances.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1936-10-02

WASHINGTON, Oct. 2. (Up)'
Federal forest preserves IN the
deep south were granted heavy
extensions yesterday as the ma
tional forest reservation commits,
sion approved purchase of $92,o oZ
acres Of wooded lands as additions
to as national forest units at d
cost of S1,946.1T.
The purchases encumoeree VIZ .n
tuallv all Of the residue OF the
So 500. 900 voted by the last con-
press for such acquisitions. Ac-
cordingIy. the commission recon-
mendcd a 100000 approprla-
ton for additional acquisitions
tons during the 1888 fiscal year;
Although the purchases ranged
over reservations from Oregon to
puerto Rico, many were concen-
trated in the south.
The boundaries of the Chatta-
hoochee National forest in Geor-
gia were extended to include the
Lookout Mountain area of 1884,
600 acres and the Armuchee area
of 10000 acres situated in the
Southern Appalachians in the Ten
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1936-10-02
VAST PAPER MILL ENTERPRISE is
EXPANDING; WILL CONSUME PINE
WOOD FROM THIS, OTHER AREAS

of both blcachcd and unDleachcd
kraft pulpS from slash pine.
Details of the contemplated or
ganization were not announced III
entirety. but it was understood
the first unit of the Brunswick
enterprise would represent a ST.
100000 outlay. The plant will be
located on fillcd-in ground on the
banks of the Turtle river. First
work on the site will begin within
the next few weeks, it was an
rOunced.
Meanwhile, the Union Bag and
Paper Corp, operators of a re-
ccntly-complctcd plant mere, open
ed it's doors for public inspection.
Trained guides led curious thru
the vast establishment which will
produce 100000 paper bags
daily.
A S3.OOO,OOO addition to the
main plant, capable of doubling
its l25-tOn daily output, is under
construction. Kraft paper is well
as paper bags will be manufactur-
cd.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1936-10-02
SAYS AMERICA
FACING Crisis
Jonas Says Issue Is
Maintaining Am
erican Way

The voters Of America face u
greater crisis in the November
election than ever before in the
history of the nation, Charles A..
Jonas, Republican national com
mittccman, told an audience of
between 80 and 300 pcopl" at
the county courthouse last night.
81 came out of the 1885 lc-IS-
latme with my mind made up that
in 1886 the people would he cali
ed upon to perform the most Scri-
Gus duty ever performed, he sad.
81 desired no nomination rs | de-
sired to be free to talk freely. In
my judgment, this is no partisan
campaign, and to wage IT as such
would be a distinct diSScrYicc. /
hope that this year voters will 20
to the polls to make this nation
safe for fundamental principles.
He declared that tn" nrincip.gS
and PHILOSOPHERS Of Thomas Jei-
fcrson constituted the fundamcn-
tails of democratic government.
81 am a dcvout disciple of JET
fcrSon. was raised a Democrat.
| am a Republican for one reason
only-thc belief that the imaa-
mcntalS of jefferson had gone m.
to the discard until the advent oil
Lincoln. Jcffcrsonian democracy
and Ahc Lincoln rcpubliCanlsm
are two names for the same
thing"
Heretofore, he declared, party
issues did not concern iUnGamrh-
tai principles. This is not tru" to-
day. The one issue in this cam
paign is: Shall we continue TO
follow the American system, or
shall we change the American
system. ......
Il do not doubt The patriotism
of the President Of the Un'teu
States, but / disagree with Inn IN
his PHILOSOPHERS of government
and that of those placed IN posi-
tions of authority by him.
He declared the American S{S-
tenn was not something to be de-
stroycd in a day, or in four years
but he declared that the principles
of the administration must new.
tably lead to the abandonment OIL
the American system in favor OF
a benevolent paternalism in one
f,,,,D, "a, anntb nr
Peoples of Europe under pa
ternalistic governments may nave
economic security, but they nave
lost their freedom. "If that IS inc
ambition of the American people,
Continued on page threel
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1936-10-02
lHRONC WELLS
APPROVAL OF
SMITHS BOLT
Says New Dealers
Are Abusive Of
Dissenters
PRAISES GLASS.
OTHER DEMOS

CARNEGIE HALL. New York.
Oct ,. Up).-Alrrcd T.. Smith
broke his lifelong ties with the
Democratic ra'ty last night when
ne endorsed Gov. All NJ. Landon.
Republican candidate. for prcsi-
dent Of the United States.
81 firmly bchcre," Smith shout
cd, i'm his nasal twang, that the
remedy for all the ills We are Suf-
fcring from today is the election
Of Alfred NJ. Landon."
lie was speaking 70 m audience
Gcdccked i'm Landon sunflowcrS,
an audience that chccrcd every at
tack on the New Deal and came
out Of its chairs, yelling approval
as Smith hOltcd the Democratic
party for the first time in his long
political career.
1t was n hard-hitting speech that
spared no one. not even the prCSl-
dent of the United States, who
fol mcrly was a close political ally
and personal friend Of Smith.
Let it he noted for the rec
ord" Smith said, that the pres
cnt chief executive of the United
States whenever ne earned a dol
lar outside of his salary in the cX-
ccutive mansion, earned it as a
corporation lawyer in Wall
street =.
The man who Mr.. Roosevelt
once called "Thc Happy Warrior
was fighting mad last night as he
defended himself against charges
that ne had gone "high hat He
rippcd into the now philoSopy OF
government. and praised such
Democrats us Senator Carter
Glass, Virginia Democrat, who
have expressed differences OF
opinion with the Roosevelt admin
iStration.
Smiths reference to President
Roosevelt as "a corporation law
year" brought his listeners out OF
their seats, whistling and stamp
ing. =, ;,
A man i'm the third row yelled:
"Why did you help Roosevelt
get his start in politics. -,
"Wcll, that's broad question:
Smith replied. But I've got the
platform and Pm going to finish
After | get through you can nave
Continued on page :hree)
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1936-10-02
U,S,PATROLS
Thrown into
China ACTION
Are on Guard Duty
in Shanghai For
eign Area
BY r. II. BERKOV
Copyright by United PresD

SHANGHAI, Oct. 2.-(UP).-
American shore patrols were
thrown into action today to help
prevent bloodshed in the interna-
tional settlement, which was en-
dangcrcd by renewed tension be-
tween the Chncss and japanese.
Officers in the U. S. Fourth
Marines and the Amcrivan Naval
units stationed in the Whampoo
river here instructed all American
sailors and marines to refrain
from entering the Japanese Sec
ton of the settlement, the Hong
kew district. -,
The patrols took up posts at
bridges across Soochow creek IN
the heart Of the foreign area. halt
ing any who sought to cvadc the
order.
Thousands of Chinese fled into
the foreign sections of Shanghai
from the native city, particularly
the area known as Chapel border.
ing on Hongkew. The police lifted
ban previously enforced against
this influx, and without further
explanation permitted the panic
stricken Chinese to food the in.
ternational settlement in search OF
safety.
Tension has been increasing
steadily since the recent killing OF
a Japancsc sailor and the wound
inc of two companions. Fright
ened Chinese also drained from
the Hongkek district of the inter!
ational settlement, which
strongly Japanese.
Continued on page thrce)
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1936-10-02
FINDS TO ENLARGE PISGAH AND
NANTAHALA FORESTS ALLOTTED
YESTERDAY BY u. S. COMMISSION

nessce river basin of Georgia ana
Alabama. No land was purchased
in these additions but 1913
acres of the Chattahoochee forest
in Georgia was acquired for $45,-
Oil under a former designation.
Also ratified was recess action
on purchase of 672 acres in the
neaks of Otter tract-scenic area
along the Blue Ridge parkway
now under construction in 'Vir-
ginia.
Purchases included:
North Carolina: Pisgah 734l
acres, S40.046; Nantahala, II, 800
acres, $50,408.
Alabama: Black Warrior, 1904
acres, $28,008: Talladega, 39,308
acres, S334,101.
South Carolina: Sumter, 1912
acres, $9476; Francis Marion, 231
acres, $1369.
Florida: Osceola, 115 acres,
1923; Ocala 3450 acres, $4,000,
Choctawhatchee, 1901 , acres,
$3102.
Arkansas: Ouchita, 1000 acr-
es, $4,000.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1936-10-02
DISCLAIMER
REP0RTSCAN
FROM SLUMP
Federal Deficit Is
Cut 300 Million
In Quarter
.PAN.AMERICAN
ACCORD, GOAL

WASHINGTON, Oct. 2. (UP).
John w. O'Leary, chairman of
special committee on employment,
told the United States Chamber
of Comerce directors today that
employment of workers in indus
try and private business has in
creased seven million from the de-
prcssion's low point.
The statement was made in
preliminary report on a survey,
which has been underway for the
last four months in an effort to
determine methods by which bust
ness can cooperate with the gov
eminent in putting men back to
work.
O'Lcary said it was evident that
all estimates Of present unem-
ployment were greatly exaggerat-
ed.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1936-10-02
Wife of Senator
DisallOwed Vote

BALTIMORE, Md. Oct. 2.
(UP)--Mrs. Willard f. Tydings,
wife of the U. S. Senator, won't
get a chance to vote for her hus,
band this year, it was revealed
Yesterday. An old Maryland law
requires that persons moving into
the state must file an intention OF
becoming citizens of the state at
least one year before registering
to vote. When Mrs. Tydings tried
to register officials pointed on,
she had failed to file her inten-
ton of citizenship.