Evening star., 1936-09-20
BRAz|L'S IMPORTS
R0MU.S.LAGG|NG
Germany Takes Lead as
Principal Source of Ma
tion's Purchases.
BY BLAIR BOLLES.

BY BLAIR BOLLES.
In year dedicated to pan.Ameri-
canism, Germany has moved ahead
Of the United States as the leading
source of exports to Brazil, . nation
which has been one Of the chief
American markets, An unpublished
Department OF Commerce report dis
closed yesterday. The value Of the
goods taken from this country by
Brazil has declined by more than half
from 1925 to the present.
Ralph w. Alderman. United States
commercial attache at Rio de Janeiro,
airmailed the department an 80-page
memorandum on THE Changing
Character Of American Exports to
Brazil" in which he made this OBJ
servation:
Until 1884, the United States was
the unchallenged leading supplier of
Brazils requirements, Great Britain
nominally ranking second and Ger
many third. During 1884 and 1885,
Germany improved its position SUBJ
stantially.
Figures on the first three months
OF 1885 disclose that the value Of
German sales to Brazil were within
per cent of the American sales and
it Is believed that figures for the first
six months Of the present year will
show that Germany Is now Braztl's
leading supplier."
Prediction Is Upheld.
Latest figures, unavailable when
Alderman sent his report, uphold his
prediction. Yesterdays news bulletin
Of the American Brazilian Associa-
ton shows imports from Germany for
the first half of 1886 amounted in
value to 3,223,451 British gold pounds,
compared with the United States
3.2l6.6s2 pounds.
This costly inroad by Germany,
made possible, according to Ackerman,
by German industrial and shipping
subsidies and by Germany's refusal
to admit imports which are not
equally balanced by exports, was re-
vealed Just q month before repre-
sentatives Of North, South and Cen
trail American countries are to gather
in Buenos Aires to effect . closer
unity among the peoples Of the West
ern Hemisphere.
Especially important in improving
the position Of Germany has been the
effect Of the indirect subsidies through
foreign exchange manipulation. that
Is. the use of the so-called 'aski'
mark" said George Wythe. chief OF
the Latin American section OF the Bu-
reau Of Foreign and Domestic Com
merce.
Brain took SOS, ,4ss, 900 worth of
United States goods in 1926, when 1t
was buying extensively as q result
of heavy international borrowing, and
only 43,617,614 worth in 1895. Acker-
man attributes much of this swift de-
cline in position to Brazil's vigorous
domestic development policy, waged
with high tariffs and subsidies to home
industries and for diversification of
agriculture.
This internal expansion resulted
from the disturbance of international
markets at the end Of the 1920s, which
proved . serious blow to Q country
so dependent on export crops as Bra
I'll. But despite this domestic indus
trialization. the second Republic Of
America still requires many commodi-
ties from abroad. The result Is q
struggle among industrial exporters,
with Germany not the only beneflci-
ary. Ackerman pointed out:
Japanese participation in the Bra
lillian market Is rapidly expanding,
and, with the improvement in the
steamship service made necessary by
growing shipments of Brazilian prod
ucts, further impetus will be given to
this movement"
Wythe commented that there has
been some recession in Japanese trade
in recent months. attributable to
Japan's disposition to sell abroad with
out buying abroad Now, however,
the eastern empire is increasing the
amount Of its imports from South
America.
Course Of Exports.
Alderman traces the course Of