The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-08-13
WRITER PASSED
 THROUGH SPAIN
Describes Conditions as He Saw Them Under
 Guard of LOyaIists
BY RALPH HEINZEN (COpyrIght 1886 By United Press)

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 San Sebastian, Spain, Aug. l3- (U.P9-Battle lines are distinctly drawn in this war of 6paniards-- right against left--but there is no truth in the belief that the right means fascism and the left com- lnunism. Government as 6 national institution has been supplanted by correlated governments. In Barce- Iona, in the northeast, Q syndicalist- communist anarchist Catalonian workers committee really rules, though the Generalidad, the semi- autonomous Catalonlan government still stands.
 Real Militia Ruler
 Tn Madrid the Marxist militia has allowed the cabinet to keep its poe sition but the red front militia real- ly rules, for there are two reds under arms in the capital for every national soldier or civil guardsman. In Valencia, on the east coast, 0 red Junta-the Junta De LeVante- rules with iron hand and autono- nous powers delegated by the Ma drid government. This junta took Albacete for the government, thus opening full communication with Madrid. Here in San Sebastian and at Santander and Bilboa to the west the civil governors still rule, as usual, in the name of the Madrid government. But In each city Q popular front war emergency cofn- mittee really is in power.
 Controls Here as Well
 Throughout that part of Spain which has been kept out of the hands of the insurgents the red militia--the real force in Spain to- day - holds commerce, industry, shipping in It's hands. The red flag hys over churches and convents, and armed guards as the doors of private palaces or clubs warn that oil have been seized in the name of labor. Workers juntas run the rail- roads. Workers committees operate certain essential factories. It is only Q question of how soon this control by workers committees will Do extended to public utilities gen- orally and perhaps to banks. There is another question, seldom asked but always in the forefront: VIII labor give them back2
 Labelled by Unions
 Everything which has been seized has been labelled by and for one of the major labor unions. That labor means to keep It's gains is almost certain. Only Q strong gov- ernment of labor itself can hope to convince the unions to turn back what they have taken. No govern- ment can hope to depend upon force to conquer organized Spanish labor. The labor militia outnum- bers better than two to one oil of the states regular armed forces. As 0 matter of face, the Madrid cabinet, taking stock of the situa- ton after four weeks of civil war must come to the frank conclusion that without the militia, Spain to- day would have been conquered by tho rebels. When the insurgent generals of the Spanish military union made their plans to take by force what they were unable to get by ballot in the spring elections they apparently overlooked the pos- sibility of the labor militia rising overnight and being armed by the government.
 Militia Is Mighty
 The militia with only lts own secret arms would have been f1oth- ing to cause the insurgents trouble. But the militia today armed by the government with the best of It's ma terials is mightier than the regular army.
 The regular army is really in. existent divided about equally In the two hostile camps. The civil