davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1936-09-25

due in large measure to the con.
fused and destructive policies Of
the administration. With the most
intelligent and capable farm popu.
lation In the world. and with I'm.
surpassed resources, We are now
one of the largest importers not
only Of those thinss we do mot
produce. but ~ those We are
adapted TO produce. This u .
scandalous situationi
Now why have the reciprocal
trade agreements Of this admins
tration had such destructive 70.
suits? There are various reasons.
One Il the selection Of countries
with which the agreements have
been made. A. said earlier, It Is
. basic principle Of reciprocity. that
such treaties be used to handle only
those situations which cannot be
met satisfactorily In the general
tarin program! This means that
reciprocity u valuable only when
non-competing commodities are to
be exchanged between two nations
concerned!
Reciprocity Principle
Properly Used.
That Is, each country by means
Of such treaties makes 1t easier to
trade the commodity Of which it
has . surplus. for something it
needs from the other country. 1t
never Is . question, when the reci-
!. procity principle Is properly used.
Of making agreements on compel.
ing commodities.
This administration has followed
quite . different policy. Its most
important agreement. that with
Canada, Is largely concerned with
commodities In which our producers
are in competition with Canadian
producers. It Is inevitable, there
fore. that the effect Of the agree
ment should be, not an increased
trade on non competing articles,
but . reduction of tariffs on articles
on which We do compete.
II an agreement Is on non-com.
peting articles, there is the possi-
bility Of mutual advantage. But
when 1t Is made with . competitor.
one side or the other Is almost cer-
tain to lose.
Had the administration been in
terested In using the principle OF
reciprocity in its proper manner 1t
would have made agreements only
with our customers. It wouldn't
have made an agreement on agri-
cultural products with our very
good friend Canada, which in this
field Is . competitor. not . Gus
tomeri
It Is for this reason that the Re-
publican platform pledges Ito fur.
nish Government assistance in dis.
posing Of surpluses In foreign trade
by bargaining for foreign markets
selectively by countries. both as TO
exports and imports. We strenu-
ously oppose so-called reciprocal
treaties which trade OF the Ameri-
can farmer" To do this intelli-
gently, we must know at oil times
the exact status of our trade with
every nation-in other words, how
we stand on the books 20 far as both
consumers and competitors are
concerned.
Another further major shortcom-
ing Of the trade program Of this ad-
ministration Is the method by which
the agreements are made. It Is
regular star-chamber proceeding.
Those producers whose products
Evening star., 1936-09-25
Landon Speech at Minneapolis
American Application of Favored Nation Tariff Principle
Not Reciprocity but Charity, Says Governor

ket.. It fell from II cents to 12h
cents o pound In the hrst four
months Of the agreement. q this
what the present administration
meant when It said that the Amer
lean farmer would get . better
price for his products? Il seems
to mo that the farmer would DO
better to trust the Republican
party. We are pledged in our
platform TO protect the American
farmer against the imports Of all
live stock, dairy and agricultural
products - which will depress
Amarican prices"
This Is not the, only example
Of damage done the dairy farmer.
After long and painstaking effort
the dairy industry got protection
against the tropical oils and fats
that compete with butter. But un-
der the Brazilian agreement . new
jungle product-babassu nuts and
oils-is permitted to come into
this. country In direct competition
with American dairy products.
The administration has not only
placed the product On the free List,
but also agreed that 1t will b
exempt from any taxation.
This last point-exempting .
product from taxation under .
trade 1sreement-l want you to
note with special care. 1t u IN
amazing provision, because 1t
sfRns away one of the most i'm
portant powers Of Congress-the
power Of taxation. In my opinion,
there Is no justification for the
Chief Executive 20 limiting the
legislative branch Of our Govern
mens. .
Sanitary Requirements
In Dairy industries.
Now I. want to touch on one
point that belongs In any discus
sion of the problems Of dairy and
live stock producers, although 1t
has no direct relation to recipro-
cal trade agreements. I refer to
the sanitary requirements cover.
ing these industriesl Our Fed
eral and State Government, -
well - the dairymen, have
spent enormous sums in the eradi.
cation Of contagious diseases OF
cattle. In addition We impose
rigid standards for the care OF
barns and stock. Only one other
country has made equal progress
In this field. As . result Of our
standards, consumers can always
rest assured Of the quality and
purity Of the products Of American
dairy farms.
Unfortunately the same stand
ards are not imposed on imported
products. To correct this situation
the Republican party is pledged ITO
impose effective quarantine against
imported live stock. dairy and other
farm products from countries
which do not impose health and
sanitary regulations fully equal
to those required Of our own pro-
ducers."
Live stock producers and feeders
Evening star., 1936-09-25

may be covered by the agreements
are given no real chance to make IN
effective presentation Of their views.
Hearings ore held, 1t b true. but
from the point Of view Of producers
they amount to little. They amount
to little for the simple reason that
the administration refuses to d.
vulse what commodities are under
consideration. AL the potential
witness knows b that an agreement
is being considered. Any one Of
Thousands Of commodities may be
the subject Of negotiation. The
witness has to take his chance. II
he Is interested In only On commod-
tty his job II easy. In testifyins, he
may be wasting bis time, since that
commodity may not be under con-
alteration at al, but at least his
case u presented. II he Is inter-
ested In . hundred commodities the
situatidn Is different. He must, II
be wants his views considered. pre-
sent . brief on each Of the hundred.
Little Fellew One
Vine Gets Stuck.
OF course, In actual practice the
producer interested in . large
number Of commodities does not
present . brief on all Of them. He
knows In the 11rst place that there
Is little chance they will be read.
Besides there Is IN easier way to
handle the situation. This Is to
have his foreign correspondent
find out from the foreign govern
ment With which the agreement Is
being negotiated what commodities
are under discussion. The little
fellow, unable to Afford . foreign
representative, Is the one who gets
stuck. This Is still another one Of
those millstones that this admins.
tration has placed around the
necks of our small producers.
Another major shortcoming Of
these agreements Is the use OF the
unconditional most favored nation
principle. This principle when
widely followed by the leading COM
mercial nations Is . proper and
wholesome way Of promoting in
ternational trade. But today, most
nations have ceased to use the
principle. In consequence, when
we apply 1t We are making . con-
cession to foreign nations without
getting anything in return. This
Is not reciprocity. 1t Is charity
paid for by American producers.
One more point on the making
Of these agreements: This Is the
question Of whether it was wise
for Congress to give 70 the Presi-
dent such sweeping powers. Under
our Constitution, If these agree
ments are commercial treaties. they
should be ratified by . two-thirds
Evening star., 1936-09-25

have Jared just - badly ~ the
dairyman under the reciprocal
trade agreements. In the Canadian
agreement the tart6 WAS reduced
by one-third ON . sliding quota oe
cattle weighing TOO pounds Or
more. On calves there was an
even greater cut!
Consider the contradictions in
this policy. The administration
WIS trying to hold down the Ma.
'tion's supply Of meat BY restricting
the production Of hogs. Last fall
It was warning live stock men that
there would be increased supplies
Of cattle on the market this
Spring. And yet It proceeded to
make concessions On Canadian cat
tie that would bring more Of them
into this countryl
Such . program Just doesnt
make sense.
What happened? The Canadian
agreement went into effect Janu-
ary /. Canadian cattle were
rushed in and naturally prices
fell. Here Is the record. The first
Of January the average good grade
steer Of 900 to 1,100 pounds was
selling on the South st. Paul mar
ket ct $o.75 . hundredweight. By
June the price was down to t7.2s
. hundredweight. On every occa-
sion the biggest drop IN prices fol.
lowed the heaviest receipts Of O..
madam cattle. -
Cattle Markets E
Reflect Decline. 4a
This price decline was reflected
In the cattle markets throughout
the country. It wiped out the hope
Of any profit for Thousands Of cat.
tie feeders in our Middle Western
States.
In short, % . result Of the
policies Of this administrat ton
there has been added to the
drought and the depression an
other burden for the American
farmer to carry-foreisn competi-
tion. In spite Of its promises. the
present administration has given
American farmers the short end
Of the deal.
have discussed only two Of the
casualties Of the trade policies
Of this administration. Numerous
others might be listed. The Florida
growers Of early vegetables had
their markets turned over to the
cheap-labor products Of Cuba. The
growers OF cigar wrapper tobacco
In the Connecticut Valley lost out
In the agreement with the Neither.
lands. as did the bulb industry In
the Pacific Northwest. And the
hope Of increased domestic produce
ton Of corn and potato starches
was destroyed In the same agree
ment because tapioca and sago
were found on the free list!
Now let US look at some general
results. Eight Of these agreements
have been in force long enough for
Us to see the results. In these cases
the imports Of farm products have
increased "a per cent over . cor.
responding period prior to the
agreements. Exports Of farm prod
ucts increased only IS per cent. In
other words, under these eight
agreements our imports increased
more than three times as fast -
our exports.
Today the exports Of our farm
products represent the smallest
proportion Of our foreign trade in
the history of the Nation. This Il
Evening star., 1936-09-25

ins . situation. The Republican
party recognizes this In It's plat
form. It does not condemn tho
principle Of reciprocity. It con-
demns only the kind of trade
agreements now being made. It
condemns them because they are
injurious TO American citizens and
offensive to American principles.
The second point I want to make
clear is that I am opposed to
policy Of isolation. I want to
see . prosperous world as well as
Q prosperous America. A healthy
international trade Is essential to
world prosperity. And even more
than this, world prosperity Is good
insurance against war.
I am convinced, too. that rea.
sonable protection, which Is % es-
tention to our own bell-being, II not
detrimental to world prosperity.
At . time like the present, when
economic nationAlism Is rampant.
We cannot afford to scrap our eco
nomic defenses. We can be . good
neighbor without giving away the
latchkey to our door.
The great enemy of world trade
today IS not the fair protection
Of efncient American producers
and laborers. It d the war-in-
spired doctrine of isolation and
its resulting demands for self
sumciency. From this we get en-
bargoes, exchange restrictions and
trade quotas. These are the real
hindrances to q healthy exchange
Of goods between nations. We
must not Join In this kind Of
madness. II we are to maintain
our standard Of living the cham
nels Of world trade must remain
open.
Reciprocal Trade
Agreements' Effects.
Now let us consider some Of the
effects Of the reciprocal trade pro-
gram Of the present administra.
ton.
The dairy industry Is . good
example Of how these agreements
have injured the farmer. One Of
the important commodities de.
veloped by this industry Is cheese.
In one trade agreement after an.
other the tariff has been lowered
on cheese and our markets open
to foreign products.
Under the Canadian agreement,
for instance, the tariff rate on
cheddar cheese-known to most Of
US as American cheese-was low
cred from to cents q pound.
No limit was placed on the amount
that might come In at this re-
duced rate.
Now what was the result Of this
agreement? Whereas IN the first
six months of 1885 we imported
only half . million pounds OF
Canadian cheese, in the first six
months of 1896 we imported nearly
four million pounds. This was an
increase of over TOO per cent.
do not have to tell the dairy
farmer what happened. Down went
! the price on the American mar
Evening star., 1936-09-25
NJ the Associat,d Press.

~ tn8 Ab1oCloUp0 SIeoSs
MINNEAPOLIS, September 24.-1he
ext Of Gov. All M. Landons cam
,aign address:
I am most happy to be with you
here In the great Northwest. Many
Of your achievements stand as an
inspiration to the rest Of the coun-
try. You have developed to an
unusual degree . system OF COM
bining dairying and general farm
ing In such q way that It provides
. year-round income and at the
same time conserves the soil.
You have proved that farmer
owned and farmer-controlled Or
ganizations are an effective way
for helping the income Of the pro-
ducer. The success Of farm CO.
operation in Minnesota, Wisconsin
and neighborinx States is an epic
chapter In American agriculture.
Tonight am going to discuss
the reciprocal trade program Of the
present administration. am going
to discuss 1t from the point Of
view Of the American farmer.
When this program was intro
duced by the present administra-
ton our farmers were led to be-
lieve that It would be Of particular
benefit to them. They were told
1t was the only feasible way by
which this country could regain its
lost foreign markets. They were
assured that 1t meant greater sales
ct better prices.
We have had only two years Of
this program. But within even
that short time certain conclusions
have been proved beyond all ques-
ton. The reciprocal trade agree
ments made by this administration
have not benefited our farmers:
they have hurt our farmers. they
have not regained his markets for
him: they have taken more Of his
markets away, both at home and
abroad. They have not caused him
to get better prices for his prod
ucts; they have prevented him
from getting - good prices - hs
otherwise would.
Farmer Recovery
Delayed BY Program
In Q word, the reciprocal trade
program Of the present administra-
ton has delayed recovery for our
farmers. It has sold the Ameri.
can farmer down the river.
I want to present the record Of
this destructive policy to you in
some detail. Before doing 30, how
ever, there are two points that I
want 70 make clear. ....
The 1irst Of these is that I am
not opposed to reciprocal trade
agreements. The general principle
unaerlying them Is simple. Under
certain conditions it Is to the
mutual advantage Of two countries
70 lift various commodities out Of
their general tariff program for
special treatment. Both countries
make concessions: both countries
benefit. This Is sound doc
trine. In some cases It may be the
only satisfactory method Of meet
Evening star., 1936-09-25
Celebrating in Our New CHILDRENS SHOE SHOP.
SALE OF FITzWELL SHOES

No need to worry obout cromped feet when you
outfit the youngsters in these shoes there's yeors
Of study and experience behind them ond they're
fitted by the x-Roy mochine thot insures perfect
fit! f.
NLTlEs. perforated, shork tip or moccossin oxfords
for school Weor Potents strops, or blucher ofords
for dress-up occasions Sizes 8h to 3.
CHmDRxrs SHOE DEPT-sEcoND xIooR
Evening star., 1936-06-12
Burnett Is Favorite.

THREE miles away. at Five Farms, a
round half-dozen Washingtonians
were to play in the first flight Of the
mid-Atlantic mems title tourney, with
two Of them claShing in the first round,
Bobby Brownell, l7-year -old Manor
star, shot "A yesterday in the medal
round and was to meet Levi Yoder Of
Kenwood today in the opening match.
Yoder shot II medal.
Just getting in under the wire as a
heavy storm broke over the course,
Maury Fitzgerald of Kenwood, victor
in a play-off which saw Bernie Hal
lock, a clubmate. eliminated on the
first hole, was to play Spencer Over
ton. the sour-faced guy from Rolling
Road, who won the medal yesterday
with a card of II, one above par.
Maury shot 79 and won spot in the
play-off when Hallock 4-putted the
first green.
Billy Dettwiler. Congressional ace,
Evening star., 1936-06-12
PoppingOff

Continued From First Page.)
him for IS runs the other day, is
taking one of the worst editorial
beatings any big league manager ever
has sustained.
New York sports writers, al
most to a man, are throwing
the hooks into Willyum .
One wrote:
'The Spanish Inquisitors could not
have been more heartless :. Terry's
tactics, no matter what the purpose,
were contemplate I'm afraid
Mr. Terry is a big league manager
in name only"
The Cincinnati Reds, who
played their second night game
last night, used white cotton
suits instead of the customary
flannel habiIiment.
And shortly, when the weather gets
hotter, couple Southern League
clubs will follow suit in going cotton.
Tony Piet Of the White Sox seems
to be threat to personally and lit
orally boot the Nationals into the
American League depths 1t was
in a collision with Piet's knee that
Catcher Cliff Bolton was severely
shaken up in Chicago last month . d.
Yesterday Johnny Stone, sliding into
second base, contacted Tony's foot
Evening star., 1936-06-12
Minor Leagues

International.
Newark. 8; Toronto, o.
Montreal, 4; Albany, 0.
American Association.
Kansas City, 5-3: Toledo. IA.
Louisville, 0; Minneapolis, /.
Indianapolis, 7; st. Paul, 5.
Southern Association.
Birmingham, 4; Memphis, 3.
Atlanta, 7; Chattanooga. 0.
Knoxville, 4-lo; Nashville, IA.
New orleans. 9; Little Rock, 4.
Pacific Coast.
Seattle, 3; Oakland. /.
San Diego. 5; San Francisco, 4.
Portland, 9; Sacramento, 3.
Missions, 6; Los Angeles, 3.
Texas.
Dallas. !; San Antonio. 4.
Fort Worth. 8; Beaumont, 3 Ctit
darkness).
Piedmont.
Durham. /: Norfolk. 0.
Rocky Mount, II; Asheville, 8.
Sally.
Columbus, 9: Macon, 8.
Evening star., 1936-06-12
BY w. r. McCALLUM,

SLdH Va uC SbnAs
~ ALTIMORE. June 12.-With
- six Washington lads in the
first flight of the Middle At
- lantic championship at Balti-
more Country Clubs Five Farms and
two women from that city in the last
four in the Maryland State champion
ship at Suburban Club, the boys and
girls from the Naional Capital were
not doing so badly today as two Of the
major championships Of this sector
moved toward their climax.
The six lads from the Capital who
qualified for the mid-Atlantic won't
be so many tonight, for most of them
are in the top half of the draw. but
there is more than an outside chance
that the gals from Washington will
make it an all-WaShington final in
the State event tomorrow.
Victor in another Of those matches
which have involved them three times
over the last six months, Betty Meek
ley of Indian Spring. defending cham
pion, whipped Helen Dettweiler OF
Congressional in the second round
yesterday, and today was 10 meet Mrs
Louise Bell, a former mid-Atlantic
title holder. in semi-final. Mrs
Meckley beat Miss Dettwiler by : and
/. the same score by which she wor
over this opponent in the District
championship week ago.
Mrs. Leo Walper. wife of thu
Bethesda driving course pro. downec
Mrs. Jack Scott Of Kenwood on the
eighteenth green. and today was tc
clash with Mrs. w. H. Hurst of Elk
ridge. one Of Baltimore's steady vet
erans. Both Washington women were
favored to win.
Evening star., 1936-06-12
Major Leaders
By the Associated Press.


American League.
Batting-SuIlivan. Indians. All;
Gehrig. Yankees, 1888.
81, Runs-Gehrig. Yankees, SS;
aGehringer, Tigers, S..
Runs batted in-Goslin, Tigers,
81: Foxx, Red Sox, 55.
Hits-Gehringer, Tigers, 81;
Gehrig, Yankees, and Goslin,
Tigers, 73 each.
Doubles-Gehringer. Tigers, 2l;
Rolfe, Yankees, 20.
Triples-Gehringer, Tigers, q;
Cliff, Browns, 8. -.
Home runs-Foxx, Red Sox, IA:
Trosky, Indians, l3. -
Stolen bases-Powell, Senators.
IL; Piet, White Sox, 10. ---
,Pitching-Grove, Red Sox. 81;
Malone, Yankees, and Sorrell,
Tigers, 5-1.
National League.
Batting-S. Martin. Cardinals,
1896; Terry, Giants, 1896.
Runs. Martln, Caro1naS, ana
Vaughan, Pirates, 46.
Runs batted in-Medwick, Car
dinals, So; OFT, Giants, 40.
Historian, Bees, 70; Moore,
Giants, rs.
Doubles-Herman, Cubs, "a;
Medwick, Cardinals, 18.
Triples-Camilli, Phillies, 9;
Riggs and Goodman. Reds, Z.
Home runs-Ott, Giants, II; ].
Moore, Phillies, 9.
Stolen bases-J. Martin, Cardi-
nails, 10; S. Martin, Cardinals, and
Galan, Cubs, 8.
Pitching. Dean, Cardinals,
1l-2; Hollingsworth, Reds, 7-2.
Evening star., 1936-06-12
'CARTHY MOANS
OVER MOUND DEAL
Licked in Trading De Shong
for HadIey-Cubs Move
Up in N. L. Race.
BY SID FEDER,
Associated Press STAFF Writer.


F. HE'S not doing so yet, Marse Joe
| Mccarthy probably will be moan
ing low" before this American
L League race gets much older over
the deal by which his New York Yam
KEGS parted company with Pitcher
Jimmy De Shong.
The one thing the Yanks apparently
will need in the stretch is pitching
They have batting power to spare.
Their defensive fielding is up to par.
But their mound staff, from all 1ndi-
cations, may be the difference between
a pennant and second place-just as
it was last year.
Last January the Yanks gave up
De Shong and Jesse Hill to Washing
ton in exchange for Bump Hadley and
Roy johnson. To date, De Shong Is
taking his regular turn on the mound
for the Mats, and has chalked up seven
wins against three losses. Hadley is
Just another guy named Joe" so far
as the Yanks' starting mound staff Is
concerned.
Evening star., 1936-06-12
GOLFER FA[TERS
AT TER ACE SHOT.
Eaton Takes Skies on Next
Two ToIeS-71 Ones Are
Made Within Week.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
n YEW YORK, June l2.-You don't
M have to be just lucky duffel
to score a hole-in-one.
As II more aces were re-
ported during the last week to swell
the membership of the Associated Press
National Hole-in-One Club to 526, sew
eral well known golf stars banged one
shooters under pressure in tournament
play.
Heading the list Of the prominent
shotmakers was Zell Eaton, Oklahoma
City professional, who sank a 158-yarc
mashie shot on the tenth hole in the
national open championship.
Eaton couldn't stand prosperity
however. taking a pair Of 6s on the
next two holes.
Quai Dickman of Tampa, Fla, scored
an ace on the seventeenth hole to wir
his quarter final match against Arnold
Calm. defending titleholder, in the
Airport tourney at Tampa. Over al
Atlanta, E. T. Barnes sank one from
162 yards and the ace helped him tc
win the qualifying medal in a tourna-
ment.
Loses Despite an Ace.
POBBY MORRIS Of Fort Worth
Tex, scored an ace in the semi
final round Of an invitation tourna-
ment and posted fine II. only to lose
his match to Donald Lehman, who
shot SO.
Texas kept its lead in the inter-
State race for aces with a total of 81
reporting seven new members, includ-
ing Lee Hubby, Big Spring hotel &C.
countant who has scored three aces or
the 147-yard sixth at the Big Spring
municipal course this year. Hubby
used a six iron for each of his prize
shots. becoming the ace Of aces.
Fort Worth and Indianapolis went
into tie for first place in the inter
city race for aces. Fort Worth reported
five and Indianapolis three during the
week to run their totals to 16 each.
D. L. Lee of Dexter, N. Mex, and
P. NJ. Oddo Of Cleveland shot the
longest aces-265 yarders.
Several southpaws came up with
aces. Charles Grotz Of Ottumwa. Iowa
scored an ace on the 187-yard thir-
teenth at Ottumwa's municipal course
winning accrued interest on a $500
Liberty bond.