davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1936-10-22

the amazing amount Of other tax
misinfofmation-which has been
turned loose in this political
campaign.
Majority Of Taxes
Not National.
People tell you there are So taxes
on a loaf Of bread, or So taxes on
lady's coat. But stop, look and
listen. You will find what the
propagandists do not tell you--that
only two or three Of all Of them
are Federal taxes imposed by the
National Government. All the rest
are imposed by local, town, county,
city, district and State govern
ments. Two-thirds of all the taxes
paid in America are State and local
taxes-not Federal taxes.
This Administration has had
something to do with these local
taxes. 1t has made them easier to
bear. At the request Of local and
State governments, for whom the
local burden had become too heavy,
we assumed the cost Of paying in
greater part for work for the needy
unemployed. And, by a National
fiscal policy aimed at reducing in
terest rates we have greatly light
ened the burden Of carrying local
government debts-helping those
of you who own homes and farms
or who pay rent.
I want to say q word also to the
vage-earners who are finding prop
aganda about the security tax in
their pay envelopes. want to re-
mind them that the security law
was designed for them-for the
greater safety of their homes and
families. The fund necessary to
provide that security is not COL
lected solely from workers. The
employer. too. pays an equal share.
And both shares-yoHs and the
empIoyers-are being held for the
sole benefit Of the workers.
I have spoken in Chicago and
elsewhere of the simple fact that
the overwhelming majority Of
business men are like the rest of
us. Most Of us. whether we earn
wages, run farms or run businesses,
are in one sense business men. All
they seek and all We seek Is fair
play based on the greater good of
the greater number-fair plays on
the part Of the Government in
levying taxes on us and fair play
on the part Of Government in
protecting us against abuses.
Once more this year we must
choose between democracy in tax
alton and special privilege in tax
alton. Are you willing to turn the
control of the Nations taxes back
to special privilege? I know the
American answer to that question.
Your pay envelope may be loaded
with suggestions Of fear and your
dividend letter may be filled with
propaganda, but the American peo-
pie will neither be bluffed nor
bludgeoned.
Evening star., 1936-10-22
Text of Roosevelt Speech in Worcester
Procaims Principle of Democracy in Taxation Claiming
Cuts for Individuals and Small Corporations

benefits, because 1t did not want
to pay q fair share of their cost.
That was the lineup in 1776.
That Is the lineup in this CAM
paign. And I am confident that
once more-in 1936-democracy in
taxation will win.
Urges Taxes According
To Ability to Pay.
Here Is my principle: Taxes
shall be levied according to ability
to pay. That is the only American
principle.
Before this great war against
the depression we fought the
World War, and 1t cost us $25 5.000,-
100000 In three years to win 1t.
We borrowed to fight that war.
Then, as now, q Democratic ad-
ministration provided sufficient
taxes to pay of the entire war
. debt within 10 or Is years.
Those taxes had been levied ac-
cording to ability to pay. But
the succeeding Republican admins
tration did not believe in that
principle. There was q reason.
They had political debts to those
who sat at their elbows. To pay
those political debts, they reduced
the taxes of their friends in the
higher brackets and left the ma
tional debt to be paid by later
generations. Because they evaded
their obligations, because they re-
garded the political debt as more
important than the national debt.
The depression in 1929 started with
$4,000, 0,OOO, ,000- handicap on us
and our children.
Now. let's keep this little drama
straight. The actors are the same.
But the act is different. Today
their role calls for stage tears about
the next generation. But in the
days after the World War they
played a different part.
The moral of the play is clear.
They got out from under then
they would get out from under now
If their friends could get back
into power and they Gould get back
to the drivers seat. But neither
you nor think that they are going
to get back.
But, as in the World War, We
have again created tax structure
to yield revenues adequate to pay
the cost of this war against depres-
sion in this generation and not in
the next.
New or increased taxes are not
needed to enable us to balance the
Federal budget and to begin very
soon a rapid reduction of the Ma
tional debt. Recovery is with us.
Evening star., 1936-10-22

duced these indirect taxes to SO
cents out Of every dollar.
How else have we improved and
Americanized the tax structure?
First, we gave credit to earned
income-that is income from per-
sonal work or service--thus sub
stantially reducing taxes paid by
the working citizen. Wasn't that
the American thing to do?
Small Corporation
Tax Rate Slashed.
Second, we decreased the tax
rates on small corporations. Wasn't
that the American thing to do?
Third, we increased the taxes
paid by individuals in the higher
brackets-those Of incomes over
S50,000 year. Wasn't that the
American thing to do?
Fourth, we increased still fur
ther the taxes paid by individuals
in the highest brackets-those with
incomes over $1,000, 900 a year.
Wasn't that the American thing
to do?
Fifth, we increased the tax on
very large estates. Wasn't that
the American thing to do?
Finally, this year we had to
find new revenues to meet the
immediate bonus payments and to
take the place of the processing
taxes. This new tax-called the
undistributed profits tax-is merely
an extension Of the individual in
come tax law and plugging-up
of the loopholes in it. Loopholes
which could be used only by men
OF very large incomes.
want to say word to you
average investors and stockholders
who are being flooded by propa-
ganda about this tax-propaganda,
incidentally, paid for by your
money. 1t is being disseminated
by those who have used corpo-
rations in the past to build up
their own economic power, who
seek, by holding back your divi-
dends, to keep down their taxes.
1t Is q fact that 98l2 per cent
of all American corporations will
pay q smaller normal corporation
tax under the new law.
1t Is a fact that the law permits
corporations to expand and build
up adequate reserves.
But for the first time it gives
the Stockholder q practical chance
to determine for himself whether
or not to keep his earnings in the
corporation for expansion pur-
poses. He is now the one to choose
between using his dividends for
something else and reinvesting
them in stock Of the corporation.
What we are concerned with pri.
marily is principle-and the prin-
ciple Of the law is sound.
If in its application, imperfec-
tions are discovered, they must be
corrected for the good Of American
business.
am certain that the average OF
our citizenship is not taken in by
Evening star., 1936-10-22

Federal revenues are increasing:
emergency expenditures are de-
creasing. A balanced budget Is on
the way. Does that sound like
bankruptcy to you?
Why this increase In Govern
ment revenues? Because the tax
payer earns more money and
spends more smoney. Though he
pays more money in taxes, he has
more money left for himself and
for his family.
Individual Income
Tax Reduced.
For the average American we
have reduced the individual income
tax. Any family head who earns
an income of less than $4,000 a
year paid q smaller income tax in
1886 than he paid for 1882. That
means that less than per cent Of
the heads of American families pay
more than they did; and more than
90 per cent pay less than they did,
for more than 90 per cent earn less
than $26, 900 per year. II you want
the answer to this talk about high
taxes under this administration
there 1t Is. Taxes are higher for
those who can afford to pay high
taxes. They are lower for those
who can afford to pay less. That
is getting back again to the Amer
lean principle-taxation according
to ability to pay.
You would think. to hear some
people talk, that those good people
who live at the top of our eco
nomic pyramid are being taxed
into rags and tatters. What Is the
fact? The fact is that they are
much farther away from the poor
house than they were in 1892.
You and 1 know that as mat
ter Of personal observation.
A number of my friends who be-
long In these upper brackets have
SuSSeSlcQ W liiC, hiOiS AA coAAo"
than in anger. that II am re-
elected they will have to move to
some other nation because Of high
taxes here.
I will miss them very much. but
II they go they will soon come back.
For q year or two Of paying taxes
in almost any other country in
the world will make them yearn
once more for the good old taxes
In the United States.
One more word on recent history.
I inherited from the previous ad-
ministration q tax structure which
not only imposed an unfair tax
burden on the low-income groups
of this country-but which i'm
posed an unfair burden upon the
average American by long list
of taxes on purchases and con-
Sumption-hidden taxes.
In 1888, when we came into
Office, So cents out of every dollar
Of Federal revenue came from hid
den taxes. Leaving out Of ac-
count the liquor tax-for liquor
was illegal in 1933-we have re-
Evening star., 1936-10-22
Dy the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
WORCESTER, MASS. october 70.
The text of President Rooseveits
lpeech here last night follows:
am glad to be in New England
New England. from which have
come most of my forebears. In
recent weeks I have Travelled
through q great part of the United
States. I have spoken about
farming, mining and livestock,
about business big and little, about
the wage Garner, about the ma
tionai debt, about drought and
flood, about work for the needy
unemployed and security-security
for our people and for their homes.
7 have found q Nation more
greatly prosperous, more definitely
on the highway to complete recOv-
cry than at any time in the past
seven years. I have seen the
record of what we have done In
the faces of the. people have met
We have banished old man gloom.
It has taken only one day In
driving through Rhode Island and
Massachusetts, to prove to me that
New England Is in step and on
march with the rest of the Nation.
I have seen things today even
more welcome to me than your
lovely Autumn foliage. I have seen
the smoke from factOries-which
three and a half years ago were
smokeless. I have heard the sound
of mills-which three and half
years ago were silent. I have seen
men at work who three and a half
years ago We're jobless. I have seen
women and children who-after
long years of fear-have begun to
live and hope again.
Three and a half years ago We
declared war on the depression.
You and I know today that that
war is being won.
But now comes that familiar
figure-the well-upholstered hind
sight critic. He tells us that our
strategy was wrong-that the cost
was too great-that something else
won the war. That is an argument
as old as the remorse Of those who
had their chance and muffed 1t.
It Is as recent as the claims OF
those who say that they could
have done it better.
Not Held Too High ..
For Victory.
You may remember the first
battle of the Marine. Almost
everybody thought that Marshal
Joffre had won it. But some re-
fused to agree. One day a news
paper man appealed to Marshal
Joffre: will you tell me who did
win the Battle of the Marne?"
"I can't answer that" said the
marshal. But can tell you that
If the Battle of the Marne had
been lost the blame would have
been on me-"
Our war, too, had to be won.
No price, we were told then. was
too high to pay to win 1t. We did
count the cost. But In the bar
rage we laid down against the de-
preston We could not stop firing to
haggle about the price Of every
shell. We kept on fighting. The
important thing is that the war is
being won.
Without that victory we cannot
have the kind OF an America we
know and love and want our chill
dren to live in. e-.-.
New England-as one OF the
senior partners in the company Of
the States-has always stood for
two of the fundamentals Of Amer
ican nberty-the town meeting,
with its essential inSistence on local
control over local affairs-and the
doctrine for which Sam Adams and
his friends were willing to fight
the doctrine of Democracy in tax
alton. While do not happen to
Evening star., 1936-10-22

be q cousin of the distinguished
Adams family, I consider myself.
politically, lineal descendent OF
old Sam.
In ITS the fight was for Democ-
racy in taxation. In 1896 that Is
still the fight. Mr.. Justice Oliver
Wendell Holmes once said: "Taxes
are the price we pay for civilized
society" One sure way to deter
mine the social conscience Of .
government Is to examine the way
taxes are collected and how they
are spent. And one sure way to
determine the social conscience OF
an individual is to get his tax
reaction.
Taxes, after all. are the dues We
pay for the privileges Of member
ship in an organized society.
As society becomes more civil
Iized, government-National. State
and local government-is called on
to assume more obligations to its
citizens. The privileges of MEM
bership In a civilized society have
vastly increased in modern times.
But am afraid We have many who
still do not recognize their ad-
vantages and want to avoid paying
their dues.
Most Developments
In Last Generations.
1t is only in the last two genera
tions that most local communi-
ties have paved and lighted their
streets, put in town sewers. pro-
vided town water supplies, Or
ganized fire departments. estab-
lished high schools and public
libraries, created parks and play
grounds-undertake in short. all
kinds Of necessary new activities
which, perforce, had to be paid
for out of local taxes.
And let me at this point note
that in this most amazing Of cam
paigns, I found sections Of the
Nation where Republican leaders
were actually whispering the word
to the owners of homes and farms
that the present Federal admins
tration proposed to make a cash
levy on local real estate to pay OF
the national debt.
They know that the Federal
Government does not tax real
estate-that it cannot tax real
estate. If they do not know that.
suggest they read the ConStitu-
tion of the United States to find
out.
New obligations to their citizens
have also been assumed by the
several States and by the Federal
Government to their citizens
obligations unknown century and
a half ago, but made necessary by
new inventions and by constantly
growing social conscience.
The easiest way to summarize
the reason for this extension Of
government functions, local, State
and National, is to use the words
of Abraham Lincoln: "The legiti-
mate object Of Government is to
do for the people what needs to
be done, but which they cannot
by individual effort do at all, or
do so well for themselves"
Taxes are the price we all pay
collectively to get those things
done.
To divide fairly among the peo-
pie the obligation to pay for these
benefits has been major part OF
our struggle to maintain democracy
in America.
Ever since 1776 that struggle
has been between two forces. On
the one hand there has been the
vast majority Of our citizens who
believed that the benefits Of
democracy should be extended and
who were willing to pay their fair
share to extend them. On the
other hand, there has been q
small but powerful group which
has fought the extension Of those
Evening star., 1936-10-22

have no superiors. There they
have no masters-save their own
minds and consciences. There they
are sovereign American citizens.
There on November they will not
fear to exercise that sovereignty.
Evening star., 1936-10-22

The seeds Of fear cannot bear
fruit in the polling booth.
Inside the polling booth every
American man and woman stands
as the equal Of every other Ameri-
can man and woman. There they
Evening star., 1936-05-02
CARLYLE Ended Discussion.

The great Carlyle, once at table. was
bored by the trend of conversation
affirming that political theories make
no difference to practice" After listen
ing for while in silence he growled
out, there was once a man called
Rousseau, he printed book Of political
theories, and the mobiles of that land
laughed, but the next edition was
bound in their skins"
Evening star., 1936-05-02

each spell the
called for opposite
the word you you correctly
will
Evening star., 1936-05-02

!. Crowns.
5. Chatter.
10. Ordinary.
IA. Univalent hydrocarbon radical.
IS. Keenly desirous.
Is. Axis.
~. Extremely.
18. Woody plants.
l9. Period.
20. Beverage.
81. The years of youth.
%. Feasted.
%. Chinese weight.
"a. The universe.
IS. Hobby.
26. Fruit Of palm.
%. japanese magnolia.
30. Except.
S3. Brazilian macaws.
B6. Disflgure.
81. Domino.
S8. Emitting.
60. Usual.
d.. Settlement in Greenland.
43. Sea bird.
as. Colorless crystalline hydrocarbon.
46. Obstinate.
II. Prepared for resistance.
G9. Stern.
30. Short poem.
81. Picture puzzle.
81. Pronoun.
65. Raised bank.
sS. Ventures.
6a. Timely.
so. Charity.
81. Semi-solid organic substance.
81. Detest.
So. Outer garment.
81. Existent.
65. Above.
Evening star., 1936-05-02

| 66. Jog.
| 81. Dogma.
68. Espouses.
/. Professions of persons on horse
back.
q Improve.
g. Funeral pile.
4. Crafty.
5. Masculine name.
g. Seldom.
z. Thing to be done.
8. Small mounds.
9. The bitter vetch.
10. Matched.
II. Egress.
IL. Egyptian female musical enter
tainer.
13. Exigency.
81. Proposition.
%. Instrument for cooling.
"a. Excellence.
rs. Lived.
81. Twenty-fourth part.
20. Linger.
80. Anger.
81. Dull.
80. Instruments for measuring dis
tance of object from observer.
"a. Three-toed sloth.
IS. Trap.
81. Great masses of ice.
80. Plant emulation.
Al. Greek letter.
A. Homocerebrin.
AZ. Sum up.
48. Obtain by descent.
so. Assault.
So. Insnare.
So. Pronoun.
SIS. Market.
Sc. Genus of swans.
81. Boss of a shield.
| So. Cancel.
So. Prepare.
81. Rodent.
81. In what manner.
The Nome daily nugget., 1936-01-21
Weather Today (U. s. Weather Bureau)

A deep centered and ex- tensive area of low baro- meter covers Alaska and the north Pacific Ocean; the lowest barometer read ings are reported from St.. Paul Island where 28.24 in- ches is observed. This con- dition is attended by snow storms in western Alaska and heavy rains along the Gulf and in southeastern Alaska; Cordova reported 4 46 inches, Juneau 1.34 in- ches and Ketchikan 2.78 in- ches of rainfall during the past 24 hours. It is warm
The Nome daily nugget., 1936-01-21

Duncan Macdonald, dated
 at Seattle, Jan.20, in which
 he states he arrived there
 last night after a stormy trip by steamer, MT. Mac donald also states that he is at Friedlanders Sanitar- ium and that his feet are improved and his general health much better. He wishes to be remembered to his old friends in Nome and Candle.
The Nome daily nugget., 1936-01-21
PATIENT FOUND
 IN ROAD DITCH
(By The Associated Press)

N1J AiA> kAoSoSAoSSa -ooJ
 Lewiston, Utah, Jan. 21st An escaped patient from the Utah State hospital for the Insane was found in an obscure ditch where she had lain seven days, with out food and water.
 She is Mrs. Bertha Mar Ter, aged 55, who escaped last Tuesday.
 With her clothes frozen to her body she could see people passing as she lay helpless. Police officers and CCC workers had been searching for a week.
 She was fed hot milk un- til the hospital attaches ar rived. Physicians say that she has an even chance for recovery.
 It was her second escape. Last May she was found in a junk heap where she had hidden four days.
The Nome daily nugget., 1936-01-21

CT in southeastern Alaska this morning while above zero temperatures are the rule in central and western Alaska. Strong to fresh winds continue over Sew ard Peninsula mostly from the north and northeast.
 Airway conditions at ' AM. were as follows: Nome, showing, temp. 15 Solomon. cloudy, 2 above. GoloVin, showing, 15 Nulato, showing, 12 Kaltag, cloudy, 10 Unalakleet, cloudy, 12 Ruby, cloudy, 10 Flat, cloudy, 20 Fairbanks. Pt. Cldy, 10 Nenana, cloudy, 8 Panama, cloudy, 8 Hot Springs, cloudy, 8 Kotzebue, clear, 5 Anchorage, sleeting, 34
The Nome daily nugget., 1936-01-21
THE NOME DAILY NUGGET NOME ALASKA
Howard Cawn
 Dead Following
 Operation Fair.

The starting news of the
 death of his son Howard,
 was received by his father,
 Al Gawn, early this morn
 ing from Fairbanks, follow
 ing an operation a week
 ago today for appendicitis.
 Howard, aged 22 years
 and 10 months, was born in
 Nome. He left for Fair
 banks shortly before the first of the year to take up
 a position as an airplane mechanic in the shops of the Pacific Alaska AirWays He had worked there only a couple of weeks when he went to the hospital and was operated on for appen- dicitis.
 Improvement was noted up until Sunday when a re- lapse was suffered. Anoth CT telegram to Al Gawn re- quested him to leave i'm mediately for Fairbanks.
 Death occurred at , AM. today according to the ear ly news this morning recei- we'd by Mir. Gawn, who has been trying for the past 3 days to get to Fairbanks by plane, but adverse weather prevented this.
 It was understood today that Mir. GaWn intends fly ing to Fairbanks as soon as permits, and will have the body of his son taken care of there until such time as he is relieved by another electrician in his position as electrician in charge for the Northern Light and Power Co.,, here. He intends to return and await the arrival of a man to take his place, and will then take the body from Fairbanks to Vassar, Mich gan, where interment will be made.
 The news of the death of this outstanding young cleo trician & mechanic, known to nearly everyone inNome came as a distinct shock to his host of friends here. While in Nome, during the past number of years How ard Gawn was employed by the Northern Light and Power Co. as an engineer at its plant here, and also served as general electric ian and linesman in the city. His passing is deeply regretted, and his sorrow inp friends offer their SVm-
The Nome daily nugget., 1936-01-21

Word to the MiroW Air Service stated that Pilot Hans Mirow and his mech anic w. F. Barber, are held at St. Michael today, en- route from Fairbanks to Nome, on account of bad weather along the coast.
The Nome daily nugget., 1936-01-21
Airplane News
 Nome Airport

The Pacific Alaska Air ways Monday plane is still held at Nulato on its flight to Nome, by adverse Wea- ther conditions, the Nome office of the PAA reports today.
The Nome daily nugget., 1936-01-21
PIONEERS ATTENTION

All members requested to attend meeting St. Jos eph's Hall, Wed., Jan. P, at 7:3O P. M. Nomination of officers, card party and re- treatments at 9 P. M. for members, Lady Pioneers, and families, and invited lady friend or gentlemen escort.
The Nome daily nugget., 1936-01-21
LOCAL ITEMS

Edwin Ulricksen, filed for Representative on the Dem ocratic ticket, today, accord ing to the office of the Dis trict Clerk.
The Nome daily nugget., 1936-01-21

Dr. Chartaris is in receipt of another telegram from
The Nome daily nugget., 1936-01-21

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