davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1936-10-10
Roosevelt's Speech on Trade Treaties
President Tells Minnesotans That Commerce
Must Be COOPERATIVE.

of this movement at home. But
let us remember that the same
spirit OF cooperation Is an essen
tial part of our relations with the
other nations of the world. It Is
this realistic appreciation Of the
benefit; of cooperation that lies
behind our efforts to re-establish
foreign markets for our farm prod
ucts.
In the Spring of 1888 our for
eign trade had fallen of To about
a third OF its former value. That
was what I inherited.
Foreign Imports
Necessary for Exports.
The very word trade" means ar.
ticles of commerce flowing in two
directions. It is not a one-way
street. At last we understand this
in our domestic trade. No single
State can produce either crops or
merchandise and continue indefi-
nitely to sell them to other States
for money alone. Eventually, they
have to be paid for in other prod
ucts.
Foreign trade is just like that.
There cannot be revival of for
eign exports without a revival of
foreign imports-unless, OF course.
we do as we did between 1920 and
1930-lend our money to foreign
nations to enable them to buy our
own farm and industrial products.
But America has learned her
lesson once and for all about that
kind of frenzied finance.
The Secretary of State of the
United States has spoken in Min
nesota clearly and unequivocally
in regard to the trade agreements
that have been made with IA for
eign countries for mutual trade
advantage. He pointed out to you
the chapter and verse Of the sta
tistical record which shows what
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1936-10-10

splendid progress has been made
in giving q greater stability to
foreign exchange. Within that
same time there have been lifted
many quotas and embargoes, in.
Guiding those on important Ameri-
can agricultural export products.
But. my friends, the increasing
restoration Of trade. Of industry
and Of employment serve more
than a mere economic end. For
three years we have had faith
that 1t would turn us and other
nations away from the paths Of
economic strife, which lead to war,
and toward economic cooperation,
which leads to international pace.
Peace Must be
Based on Golden Rule.
Peace cannot be attained merely
by getting sentimental about 1t.
Peace depends upon the accept
ance of the principle of practice Of
the good neighbor. That practice
Is founded on the Golden Rule
and must be fortified by corpora
ton of every kind between ma
tions.
Peace makes money; peace saves
money for everybody. A prosper
Gus world has no permanent room
In it for dictatorship or for war. In
striving for peace, I am confident
that the American people seek 1t
with their hearts and their heads
as well. Enlightened self-interest
is justification for what we do.
Confident in the practical wis
dom of the ends we seek, with full
faith that it will serve in a practi-
cal way for peace. on earth and
good will between men and ma
tons. we shall continue on our
way.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1936-10-10

alive idea, and called to Washing
ton representatives Of the great
co-operatives and other farm or.
carnations to work out program
with US.
The Triple A itself had, as Its
foundation and its essence, the CO.
operative idea. Administered To-
cally by community committees,
selected by the farmers themselves.
1t was q picture Of economic de-
mocracy in action.
Support Is Pledged
To Cooperative Ideal.
pay my tribute-with the rest
of the Nation-to the patriotic zeal
of the committees Of farmers who
did so much through their earnest
cooperation for our adjustment
and conservation program. The
farmers of America will not forget
what they have done, and what
they are doing.
This administration from the
very start, came to the support Of
the cooperative ideal by vigorous
action. That support has contin-
ued. That support will continue.
1t established a central bank for
co-operatives with IL regional
banks to aid in marketing and pur-
chasing.
It held out the helping hand OF
credit to production credit asso-
Citations to enable farmers to
finance production through their
own banks.
The Triple A has worked directly
with the co-operatives in their
marketing agreement program. BY
loans to co-operatives we have
helped to bring the comforts OF
electricity to many farms of the
Nation.
We did not stop at merely lend
ing money. When farm prices were
threatened, the administration held
them up by purchasing surplus
products through farm co-opera.
tives for distribution to hundreds
of thousands of families faced with
hunger in our great cities.
People Themselves
Must Foster Principle.
Nevertheless, while the Govern
ment can help through its re-
sources, we in Washington have
recognized that cooperation and
co-operatives must come from the
people themselves. Government can
see to it that the rules of the game
are fair as between cooperative
enterprise and other enterprise.
But the initiative, the management
itself must spring from and carry
on from, the bottom up rather than
from the top down.
This administration is deter
mined to continue in active sup
port of the ever-growing farm CO.
operative movement.
lam happy in the strengthening
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1936-10-10
~ the Associated Press.

~ the Associated Press.
! ST. PAUL, October 10.-Followinl
Is the text of President Roosevelt.
speech here last night at the Capito
Building:
As you know. had planned to
visit Minnesota on my trip OF
inspection to the drought areas
the end of August. The untimely
death of the Secretary OF War
kept me away. 1t was at that time
also that this State suffered a
very great loss in the passing Of
q virile and magnetic American
leader, Floyd Olson. He had been
my friend for many years. I miss
him greatly today.
Much water has run over the
dam since Floyd Olson presided
at the great gathering to which I
spoke in the Spring of 1882. Dur
ing these more than four years,
one of our most important ma
tional achievements has been the
. strides we have made everywhere
in thinking in national terms.
Never before has America been
so united.
We have come to understand
that the agricultural prosperity of
the Northwest is directly affected
by the agricultural prosperity Of the
rest of the country. Georgia will
buy Minnesota flour If Georgia
gets a decent price for its cotton.
Minnesota will buy overalls made
of Georgia cotton If Minnesota
gets decent price for its wheat.
Years Show Usefulness
OF the Cooperative Ideal.
People in the manufacturing
cities will find more employment
at better wages if the farm families
of the Nation have the wherewithal
. to purchase manufactured goods.
And the farmers of the Nation
. will sell larger crops at better
prices II the industrial workers in
the cities have more money to buy
dairy products, vegetables, fruit.
pork and beef.
In our local and sectional re-
Observation-Disclosures between
the various farm regions and be-
tween city and country-we have in
: these four years come to recognize
the closeness of the interdepend-
ence and the usefulness of the CO.
operative ideal.
Minnesota is a good place to
talk about farm co-operatives. Here
dairy and live stock farmers have
pioneered and pointed the way.
Here and in Wisconsin have been
built the greatest cooperative or
CARNATIONS in the Nation for pro-
cessing and marketing dairy prod
ucts.
When in 1888 this administration
I undertook to meet the desperate
! and long neglected needs of agri-
culture, we turned to the Cooper
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1936-10-10

these agreements have accom-.
plished to increase the trade and
income not only Of the industrial
workers, but of the farmers Of the
Nation.
U. s. Exports Increase
Under Mutual Policy.
It was not q question Of winning
or losing any treaty. Mutual adj
vantage has been the successful
objective, and our exports during
the first half of this year. as COM
pared with last year, have increased
by $780,. 100000.
To Canada, our neighbor on the
North, the $24,0o0.ooo Of our in
creased exports during the first
six months have included not only
exports Of manufactured articles.
but also agricultural exports.
American industry and American
agriculture are both benefting by
increased general trade. The fig-
ures prove it. and our growing
consumption and better farm prices
prove 1t.
Every American-city dweller
and farmer alike-ought to fasten
this home truth in his memory:
When the nations of the world. in.
GLIDING America. had lacked their
tariffs to the highest point and
enacted embargoes and imposed
quotas-in those days farm prices
throughout the world were at their
lowest, and world trade had al
most ceased to exist.
World Has Begun
to Recognize This Truth.
Today, under the leadership of
the United States, other nations
of the world are coming to recog-
nize that home truth. Back in
1882, although there was a tariff
on wheat of AZ cents a bushel, you
all know that the wheat which you
produced up here in the North
west was selling as low as 80
cents per bushel. There were no
farm imports then to worry about.
but low prices were plenty to
worry about.
Within the past two weeks
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1936-10-10
HEARINGS ON FLOOD
CONTROL SLATED
Data on Potomac to Be Gathered
in Communities to Map
Program.

Dates for q series of public hearings
at communities in the upper basin of
the Potomac River, to aid in formu-
lating flood control program for pre-
sentation to Congress, were announced
today by First Lieut.. William ]. Mat-
teson, acting District engineer for the
War Department for the Washington
area.
Locations and dates Of the hearings
follow: Paw Paw. w. Va, Wednesday
at pm; Petersburg, w. Va, Thurs
day at 10 am; Cumberland, Md, City
Hall auditorium, Monday, October 10
pm. and at the Devon Club at Luke
Md. Tuesday, October 20. at 10 am.
Later, hearings will be held at Han.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1936-10-10

cock and Frederick, Md, and Stras-
burg, Va, and in Washington to Sc
cure additional information.
Omcials are seeking data on the
nature and extent of flood damages,
when floods occurred, estimates Of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1936-10-10

property values affected by the floods
and recommendations as to the kind,
extent. and location Of the structures
or works required to protect areas
from floods"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1936-10-10
Missouri Suffrage Cradle.

Missouri claims the honor Of the
first woman suffrage association.
founded May 8, 1867, to have for its
sole object the political emancipation
Of women; other organizations in
cluded 1t among other reforms.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1936-10-10
ADVERTISEMENT. ..... ADvERTISENHNT
Colds Should Be Treated Internally
Science Proves Value of
Father Johns Medicine

When you have a cold. you feel sick This Is
~ because the common cold internal disease
such must be treated internally.
Doctors treat colds with medicines which strengthen
natural resistance and help the body to fight Of the
that colds Whether your cold will last only
IS a week or longer, is mostly to you.
nt6e by Dr. Frederic Damrau of New York prove that
10 colds treated with Father Johns Medicine clear
explains why has
to colds Be preparedkeep Father Johns Medicine hand
The Daily Alaska empire., 1936-06-03

CUSIN BAROMETER
 MdY 20. 1936 The total amount of business reported to date by private fi- nancial institutions under pro- visions of the National Housing Act is as follows: Number of insured
 m 10 derniz ation
 loans - 1,045 ,685
 Amount ............ $377,425, ,036 Number of h 0 me
 mortgages accept
 ed for insurance. {. 70,378
 Amount ..A,...... $283, STA, 406
The Daily Alaska empire., 1936-06-03

This is the $12Oo to $500 house designed by the Fed erai Housing Administrations In this house living accom-
 odations to the barest minimum consistent with decent living. The combination living foomdining kitchen has it's component parts we'll separated that no interferes with another The bedrooms are of ample The simple clapboard Bhlngle elevation with the plain pitched roof is inexpensive, and at the same time it's honest simplicity gives it attracon that is sstisng should be reproduced at cost ranging from $0o to $500. sA~ < ssst
Evening star., 1936-09-13

Becky looked up and whined. I ran
around the house. Nobody scampered
away at my steps. Nobody squealed
and giggled in the shadows. It was
all very still.
began to feel a little foolish.
Finally, after waiting for some time.
I hurried back to the typewriter and
began to work once more.
Hardly had started before the
knocker went again. This time I
went to the window directly over the
front door. I raised it very, very
softly and leaned out. In minute
flashed the light downward.
And that solved the mystery Of the
ghost knocks" There, on the steps,
reared up on her hind legs, was
Rebecca, the doberman. Her nose
was under the grip of the knocker and
Just as the light went on, Becky
tipped the old brass handle with her
head, withdrew her nose and let it
bang down.
She had learned the trick all by her
self. I think 1t is pretty cute, but
I was surely scared-just a little
the first time she tried it. Now
Becky knocks regularly when she
wants to come in.
Evening star., 1936-09-13

and experimenting with his own crea-
tions. Near his home at Beechurst,
Long Island, he had a large magical
workshop where new tricks and illu-
sions were planned and constructed
A story is told Of one of Mr.. Thurs
tons most unusual performances,
which was given in 1925, when he and
his company appeared before Presi-
dent Coolidge in the White House.
On that occasion Mr. Thurston bor-
rowed the Presidents watch and ap-
parently pounded it to pieces. Later,
however, the timepiece was found, un-
injured, In a loaf of bread brought
from the White House kitchen. Be-
cause of a mistake on the part of one
Of the assistants, the trick came very
close to an unfortunate ending that
would have ruined the valuable watch
beyond repair-even beyond the aid
of Thurston's magic. Fortunately,
however, Mr.. Thurston discovered the
mistake in the nick of time, and
through his presence of mind brought
the trick to a happy conclusion.
Evening star., 1936-09-13
.k5zlZlE1,QEEQ.lDp
%llC0cCCEECCEEZc,b

points about his structure that might
be worth mentioning.
His mouth is on the under side Of
the first segment (or ring) of the body.
and although it has two prominent
lips, there are no teeth. Earthworms
are totally blind, having not even the
smallest trace Of eyes. Along each
side of the body arranged in two dou-
Bile rows, are a series Of short, rough
bristles. technically called setae (pro-
nounced see-tee). 1t is with the aid
of these setae that the worm is en-
abled to move about, and with them
he can even climb up the side Of a
building.
Earthworms are most active in the
Spring of the year. In warm weather,
especially on rainy nights, they come
up to the surface Of the ground, while
in the Winter they retire deep down
below the frost level.
Young earthworms are Matched from
eggs, the eggs being inclosed in
cocoons. When Matched the young,
although much smaller, look exactly
like their parents.
What good is an earthworm? Al
most any country boy can answer that
by pointing out that he has often used
them as bait when he went fishing.
Then, too, they serve as food for birds,
moles and small animals. However,
the most important service the earth
worm renders to humanity is that
which was first discussed by the great
naturalist Charles Darwin in his book
Formation of Vegetable Mold by Ac-
ton of Earthworms."
As the animal burrows through the
soil he swallows the earth he goes
through instead of pushing it out of
the way after the manner of other
burrowing animals. AS the earth
thus swallowed passes through the
earthworm's stomach, any decaying
vegetable matter that may be present
Is digested, while the rest passes
through and is deposited in the form
of little pellets. known as castings.
Small piles of these castings may be
seen on the surface of the ground.
BY working through the soil in this
manner, the worm leaves passages
through which air and water can PEN
citrate easily. The castings that they
deposit around the roots of grass
serve the same purpose as fertilizer.
Thus the earthworm acts as living
cultivator, and the good he does in the
course of his daily activities Is much
greater than one may suspect.
Evening star., 1936-09-13
MR.. THURsToN always regarded

MR.. THURSTON always regarded
" his performance at the White
House as one of the outstanding
triumphs of his long career. As q
memento Of the important occasion
he possessed large photograph Of ths
President, upon which was written:
ITO Howard Thurston, in behalf Of
his daughter Jane-Calvin Coolidge"
Every one who witnessed the
Thurston snow marveled at the
smoothness and regularity with which
one new mystery followed another.
This was due to careful planning and
exhaustive practice before new
illusion was presented on the stage
before an audience. Every moment Of
Thurston's performance was adjusted
to clockwork precision, and required
an infinite amount of attention to
detail and absolute co-ordinated
action on the part of his many as
sistants. Only through great care was
Howard Thurston able to win and
maintain his high place In public
favor and esteem.
Evening star., 1936-09-13

three girls present. Ordinarily Jed
would have scowled at that, but to-
night he was glad to see them. The
more people who witnessed Carolines
gymnastics, the better he would like it.
After waiting a while for two of the
fellows who had promised to be
present, Hoops and Jed decided that
they weren't coming, and the crowd
moved quietly up the street toward
the new house. A couple of the men,
bers wanted to explore it at once, but
Jed stopped that, pointing out that
they would merely alarm the persons
or thing!-that was making the
nightly visits.
So instead, they found comfortable
seats on a bank across the street,
where they had fair view Of the
house, and settled down to wait as
quietly and patiently as possible.
A HALF hour passed and nothing
happened Two of the boys and
one of the girls then left, having had
definite instructions from their par
ents as to what time they should
be home. Other members of the ex-
pedition began to get restless and as
the house remained dark. they started
making pointed remarks about wild
goose chases and fellows who imagined
they saw things when they didn't.
"Just you wait" Jed urged Maybe
it won't happen until a little later
tonight. You'll Just have to wait and
see"
We'll" said Hoops, I'VE sure are
wasting lot of valuable time
Just then an automobile came down
the street, and Jed's heart took
sudden nose dive into his shoes. 1t
was the Twill automobile, and riding
in the back seat was Caroline. There
would be no mysterious visitor to the
new house tonight!
"Of course" said Jed rather lamely,
at may not happen every night.
Maybe this is one of the nights 1t
doesn't happen. Maybe we ought to
call it of tonight and try some other
night"
HOOPS regarded him suspiciously.
You change your mind pretty
quick" he said. II just hope you
haven't been feeding us all lot Of
tripe. I sure hope that. because 1t
wouldn't be real healthy for you"
Jed assured Hoops and the rest OF
Evening star., 1936-09-13

Ihe HgnL.
somebody were hurriedly pounding for
admission. Just single bang of
the old brass knocker that has felt
the hands of people now dead for
over a century and a half.
stopped short and listened for a
moment. All was still. Over across
the fields the street lights glowed. A
lonesome automobile flashed by. Far
of, over the creek, came the whistle
of a freight train at Buffers Crossing.
I thought had been hearing things
and went back to work.
knock" went the door again!
laid down my pipe, uncoiled my
legs from the chair rungs and went
downstairs quietly. I opened the
door. Nobody was there except Re-
becca, my doberman pinscher. She
whined and nuzzled my hand and
wanted to come in. But thought
she had better stay out to bark If
any one knocked at the door again.
went back to my typewriter. Soon
LIl6 k1lOCkcT oOu1luCA aed44A. 4444o eAn4C
q second rap followed the first.
Kids were probably trying to play
a joke ON me, thought. Well, they'd
be fooled at their own game!
Feeling very pleased with myself at
my smartness, I slipped down the
back stairs with fiashlight. The third
stair from the top creaked loudly. just
as it used to do when I was a boy.
And just as I reached the back hall
the knocker banged again!
Out the back door I tiptoec, and
around the side Of the house. !
waited at the corner until the very
second when a fresh knock came
from the door. Then hustled quietly
around the shrubbery and flashed on
the light.
Nobody was there. Only the dog
Evening star., 1936-09-13
Blind EarthwOrm
Benefits Farmer
By Breaking Soil

THE earthworm is one of the most
unassuming neighbors that could
possibly be imagined. Perhaps that is
the reason We scarcely give him a
thought except when we want to go
fishing. All of us know about the
early bird, but we are apt to be trifle
vague on the subject of the poor old
early worm.
The earthworm is found the world
over, with a few of the drier regions
of the globe excepted. Different spe-
cies are found in different places, but
the family resemblance Is unmistak-
able. The general appearance Of the
earthworm is too well known to need
description, but there are one or two
Evening star., 1936-09-13
Riddles

TEDDY HOPPER recently sent the
Riddle Man IL tricky questions
dealing with various States Of the
Union. Thanks a lot. Teddy. We are
printing six Of the riddles below and
will print the others in the near
future.
/. Which Is the best State for fresh
pork?
2. In what State should laundry
men prosper?
3. In which should surgeons dwell?
4. In which do impudent people
dwell.
S. Which State Is best for deer
hunting?
6. Which is best for locksmith?
ANSWERS.
/. New ham, sure. 2. Washing done.
3. Connect cut. 4. Can sass. 5. Collar
q doe. 6. New brass key.
Evening star., 1936-09-13

the crowd that he had actually seen
something in the new house. His
earnest manner temporarily convinced
them once more, but they decided
that they had done enough watching
for one night.
Jed was almost gnashing his teeth
with chagrin and disappointment as
he went home. OF course, his plan
would have to go wrong Just be-
cause Caroline didn't choose to prac-
tice her dancing on that particular
night. Well, he told himself doggedly,
he'd get her yet. And when he did,
he'd get her good!
(To Be Continued Next Sunday,