davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1936-03-19
RURAL TEACHERS SALARIES
(The St. Paul Pioneer Press)

I IC 81. TIOllccI TIcSSJ
1t was predicted early in the de-
preston that the ill effects of the
economic situation would be felt in
the educational field for a long time.
The truth of this statement is par
ticularly apparent in the rural schools
where recovery does not yet seem to
have shown it's face.
In the recent issued study of teach
ers' salaries in Minnesota by the State
Department of Education there is WV
idly set forth the plight of the coun-
try school teacher There are over
5000 ungraded elementary school
teachers in Minnesota. Nearly a thou
sand of these receive a salary below
$50 a month at the present time.
Back in 1882, the so-called depth of
the depression, there were none in
this low paid category. But as the
financial situation of the commun-
titles grew worse the number of less
than-S5O month salaries increased.
In 1888 there were 1875; by 1894 there
were 1,256; by the 1856 term there
were only 902, the beginning, it is
hoped, of a trend back to normal.
The great majority of the rural
salaries are under $50, about three
fourths of them. Back in 1882, the
majority were getting between $50
and 500, but today only few hun
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1936-03-19
CLOVERDALE

Paul Pearson of Mora, spent the
weekend at the home of his mother.
Miss Christine Kahleppel was a Sat-
urday evening visitor at the Redeem
home
Only three of the club ladies' turned
out for the meeting Friday at Fair
view.
Mrs. Walter Soderquist and Betty
called at the Redeem home Saturday
forenoon.
Visitors at Fairview Tuesday of last
week were Jean Chollett, Dorothy
Abrahamson, Gerald and Geraldine
Wolf, Goodrich Peterson and Doris
and Gladys Carlson.
Mr.. and Mrs. Leslie Kofoed Of
Hinckley, spent Tuesday at the VOL
ter home.
Mr.. and Mrs. Walter Orr spent We'd
nesday afternoon of last week with
Mrs. Pearson.
Mrs. Hanna Redeem spent several
days last week at the Emery Wolter
home.
Mr.. and Mrs. Walfred Nelson and
family have moved to Minneapolis
where Mr.. Nelson has employment.
Miss Eileen Coyne visited several of
the neighborhood families Sunday aft
ernoOn ...-...
Mr. and Mrs. Walter Soderquist and
Betty Ruth visited Sunday afternoon
at the E. J. Norlander home.
Mr.. and Mrs. Dewey Carlson and
Doris and Gladys spent Sunday aft
ernoon at the Pearson home.
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1936-03-19
Locomotive Whistle Has
Language All Its Own

Locomotives started learning to talk
more than 100 years ago, says Popular
Mechanics Magazine. At first they
could only whistle warning to the
fellow on the track ahead. Then they
began to talk to each other, to their
brakemen back in the cabOOse, to train
men in sidings and yards.
Every railroad has whistles made to
its individual specifications, their dis
tinctive tones varying with the diam.
eter and length Of the tubes.
RailrOaders who know locomotive
talk sometimes spend restless nights
back in the sleepers. conscious Of every
signal blast. succession Of short.
sharp tOOts tells them there's some OBJ
stacle on the track just ahead. A
single short whistle precedes applica-
ton of brakes, and two medium blasts
mean brakes are being released. A
medium and three short notes send the
fiagman back to protect the rear Of a
stalled train.
To call him back. the engineer sounds
four medium whistles If the train is
eastbOund and five If 1t Is westbOund.
One long whistle salutes a station
ahead, and two medium and a short
blast signal the approach to railway
crossing. One short and one medium
whistle direct the crew to inspect a
leaking train line. and three medium
blasts should worry any wakeful rail-
readers aboard; 1t is the signal that a
car has broken loose from the train.
Railway whistles at first were just
tin post horns borrowed from stage
coach days. The engineer blew his own
horn. But in 1882 farmer driving his
egg cart across the Notwithstanding
ton railroad tracks in England ignored
the engineers frantic toOts and, al
though he escaped alive, his eggs were
scrambled. So the railroad hitched the
post horn to steam and created the
steam trumpet. Then, in 1885, 1t adopt
ed the steam whistle. Since then end
less research has adapted whistles to
the peculiar conditions Of the railroad.
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1936-03-19
MARKVILLE

Carl Shultz and daughter left We'd
nesday of last week for st. Paul.
Mrs. Anna Benson of Kingsdale, Wis
tied in Markville between trains We'd
nesday of last week.
Carl Nelson of Kingsdale, called in
Markville Wednesday of last week.
Dorothy and Marcella Brow of Wis
consin, are visiting at the Herman
BabcOck home.
Miss Mae Howard spent the week
end at Danbury.
Mr. Anderson of Superior, spent the
weekend in Markville.
Miss Dorothy Brow left recently for
Superior, after visiting a week in
Markville with friends.
Mrs. Geo. Pennison spent a day in
Superior last week.
Miss Ruth Peterson left Saturday
for Washburn to accept a position
with DR.. Taylor.
Mr.. Austin of ClOverton, visited in
Markville Saturday between trains.
Mrs. B. Rutherford and son; Jim,
went to Cloverton Saturday.
MT. anu. MIS-. -. EnInke spent the
weekend in Willow River.
Katherine Haines went to Duluth
Sunday.
Miss Joan Quinn, daughter of Mr..
and Mrs. A. Quinn, has been quite ill
at her home.
Mrs. Geo. Pennison and Miss Verda
Wright visited Mr.. and Mrs. Ed Stein
bring and Miss Ruth Lundgren Sun
day.
Miss Verda Wright spent Sunday
evening in Danbury and Webster.
Mrs. Sherm Goodell returned home
recently after working in Superior.
Mrs. Ericsson left Monday for st.
Paul.
Mrs. Geo. Peterson of Rosemount,
is visiting her sister, Mrs. Tony Mel
son.
Mrs. Rutherford went to Danbury
Tuesday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Steinhouse went to st.
Paul Tuesday.
Mrs. Jerome Beastrom, formerly
Hildegard Dunbar, is critically i'll in
Braham hospital. Mrs. Beastrom
spent the summer of 1881 at the home
of Mr.. and Mrs. Ed Steinbring.
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1936-03-19
BRUNO

Dorothy Halvorson spent the week
end at the Stafford home.
Miss Ada Miller is spending some
time with her brother and his wife,
Mr.. and Mrs. Hosmer Miller.
Mr.. and Mrs. Ernest Bliss of near
Rush City, and formerly of Bruno, are
happy over the recent arrival of d
boy.
Carl Enstad attended the Land
O'Lakes convention at Minneapolis
last Thursday and returned home the
next day.
Mrs. Geo. Ryberg and Ann returned
to their home in Minneapolis Friday
Ted Dobozenski of Duluth, called
in town Friday.
Clarence Johnson and Arbutus Lord
were married in Willow River Friday
Their many friends wish them long
and happy welded life.
Mr.. and Mrs. Abe Markus and sons
and Bert Rose drove to Sandstone
Monday night.
Mr.. and Mrs. Harold Plaisted and
son returned to Duluth Friday after
noon.
Roads are again open for the mail
carriers and most of the school
routes. Much shoveling has been
done.
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1936-03-19
Lundy Island Given Its
Name by Cruel Vikings

Lundy island. q tiny speck, three
and one-half miles long by one-half
mile wide, in the Bristol channel. IL
miles off the coast Of Devon, has no
traditions handed down by word Of
mouth as might be expected OF a
place inhabited from prehistoric times,
since no population until recently had
been able to maintain itself more than
a few generations before being VIC
lently superseded by another. The
remains of bases Of round towers SIM
liar to those archaeological enigmas in
Ireland are reminders Of an early
Celtic habitation. The name Lundy.
meaning Putin island in the Morse
language, was given it by the Vikings
who used it as a base for their sea
raids.
After the Norman Conquest 1t fell
to the Marisco family, younger
branch of the Plantagenets, who main
tanned themselves there for some two
centuries in a huge stone castle with
walls nine feet thick, considerable
part of which is standing, and which
on its high headland location is visible
for miles around. The MariscOs were
a troublesome lot and twice were or
dered off and the island given to the
knights Templar, but neither time
did the Knights actually obtain pos
session. Several members of the fam
lily were plain pirates. One was
hanged for participation in a plot to
assassinate Henry III. and the last Of
the line was beheaded for being on
the wrong side in the BarOns' war
which resulted in the deposng of Ed
ward II.
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1936-03-19

of nations is in existence. 1t wasn't
in 1914 when the nations acted hasti-
ly in order to be ready. The league,
pro-French and British as it may be,
is yet an international agency which
offers any nation a chance to defer
drastic military action without loss
of face. France has now appealed to
it and a hearing has been set for Fri
day.
This delay is important under the
circumstances. 1t will give statesmen
time to cool off.
There is, of course, the danger that
two armies confronting each other on
a frontier will commit some act which
will lead to war. But even such a
situation has to have the backing of
some one higher up.
1t is our opinion again that Hitler
does not want war but carried out his
latest treaty scrapping to win favor
at home (where he needs it badly,
reasonably secure in the knowledge
that nothing more would come OF it
than happened after he announced to
the world that Germany had rearmed
in violation of the same treaty.
This, of course, does not dispose OF
the future. Broken pacts form a
wobbly foundation for peace so that
the old protective alliances and big
ger armies and navies will now be
the resort of France and other nations
against the German menace.
War may come ultimately unless
some way can be found to curb these
dictators whose stock in trade when
the going becomes rough at home is
to rattle the scabbard.
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1936-03-19
THE ROOSEVELT TAX PLANS
(South Dakota News)

There isn't any hurry.
That's the way Republicans and
Democrats in Washington feel about
Roosevelts proposal to tax undivided
corporation profits.
What about Roosevelt? He isn't in
a hurry, either.
President Roosevelt's tax message
was a concession to the millions OF
common people who have been de-
manding that the multi-milliOnaire
kings of finance and industry be
really taxed.
The past record and the present
circumstances raise serious doubts as
to whether this last speech was more
than words.
Last June 10th Roosevelt sent a
tax message to Congress which was
even more radically worded than the
present one. What happened? Roose-
velt's henchmen in Congress moved
heaven and earth to prevent it from
being adopted. Quarterback Roose-
welt, calling signals, gave remark
able exhibition of running with the
tax ball-to the other goal
When the tax bill came through the
wringer, it had been squeezed down
to a mere $250,000,O00 annually.
Compare that to the one billion
dollars that the people have already
paid in processing taxes
The present tax proposal has the
same fishy look.
Tho noon1o wont tho rich fayaH on
the basis of ability to pay. Roose-
welt has been leased about the unbal-
-anced budget. Also the proposal will
increase the golden flow of dividends
the election is only eight months
off. Neat, isn't it?
There is one part of Roosevelt S
tax program which the rails have
been creased to pass. That is the
proposal to enact new processing
taxes on the peoples food.
There is another danger in the
New Deal game-the danger that the
Roosevelt magic may convert the ''tax
the rich program into a sales tax on
the people. This is being talked over
by the administration.
IL Is time IOr the people 10 nave
their say on the tax question. 1t is
time to make Roosevelt live up to a
few of his promises.
1t is time, too, to get behind a real
tax the rich program. Not one that
will merely scratch the surface of the
fabulous wealth of the robber bar
ons-which has been squeezed cut of
the people. The people want a pro-
gram that would provide from the
wealth of our wealthiest country, de-
cent food, clothing and shelter for
every man woman and child in Amer
lea.
The best way to show that we mean
business is to build a party that will
fight for real tax the rich program
"a Farmer-Labor Party. Elect Farm
er-Labor candidates to city, county,
state and national offices in 1886.
We're making start in South Da-
kota.
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1936-03-19
Porto Rico's Ancient Roads

More than two centuries before the
arrival Of the Pilgrims. Porto Rico was
the center Of SPANS western civiliza-
ton. It's massive old fortresses abound
with historic lore, successfully resist
ing many a desperate onslaught. A
network Of marvelously constructed
roads traverses Porto Rico in every
direction Included in the system are
highways built centuries ago, notably
the Military highway, on which con-
quering legions once marched. 1t is
lined with waving trees. touches rivers
and smaller streams. goes through val
leys covered with sugar cane, tobacco,
cotton, bananas and oranges.
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1936-03-19
DUXBURY

Archie Schmidt left last week to trap
rabbits near the Canadian line.
Norman MatsOn left on a business
trip to Minneapolis Sunday, and on
Monday night returned home.
r. J. Shute and Francis Ludwig
were Pine City visitors Monday.
Mrs. Erwin Anderson and son and
Mrs. Norman Matson and children
spent Sunday evening at the C. Glen
Ike home.
James Matson went to Racine, Wis.
Saturday for a weeks visit with rela-
tiveS.
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1936-03-19
Cuileless Goldsmith

Oliver GOldsmith's publisher gave
the lovable but thriftless author a note
for 100 guineas for the Deserted VIII
lage," and a friend meeting him a
few hours later observed that it was
Torrance. Goldsmith agreed with him,
returned the money, leaving 1t entirely
to the publisher to pay him according
to the profits produced by the forth
coming book.
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1936-03-19
Switzerland Vineyards

Vineyards in Switzerland extend over
1920 hectares $4,000 acres). AS there
is a great deal Of foreign competition
in this field, the grape and wine in
dustry has been rather on the decline
in recent decades. The principal wine
i growing regions are the sunny shores
of Lake Geneva and the RhOne valley.
The western shores Of the lakes Of
Neuchatel and Bienne, as well as GER
tain districts of eastern Switzerland.
are also famous for their vineyards.
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1936-03-19
HAY CREEK
Near Markville)

The party which was to take place
Saturday was postponed on account
of the bad roads and will be held at a
later date.
Mrs Florence Seifkas had dinner
with her mother, Mrs. Lucy Shew,
Tuesday. She also called on Mrs.
Berg and Mrs. Phinn in the afternoon.
Clarence Berg has his house shin
gled now.
Eugene and Erma to the dentist re-
Gently to have some dental work done.
The storm Thursday blocked all the
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1936-03-19
SOUTH OF BRUNO

Mrs. Clarey Jensen spent Sunday at
the Fred Saastad home.
Mr.. Bull is spending the week in
Iowa. Mrs. Evan Hammer is stay
ing with Mrs. Bull and Mr.. Hammer
is doing the chores during his alb
sence.
Mrs. Eugene Gagnon of Minneapolis,
sister of Tom Bowe, came Wednesday
of last week to spend two weeks at
the latter's home, but while here re-
ceived word that their mother was
very i'll at Winona, so returned on
Saturday. At this writing Mrs. Bowe
is very much improved.
Mrs. Tom Bowe has been very i'll
the past week with tonsilitis, but is
better now. Her mother, Mrs. Lund,
has been assisting in caring for her.
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1936-03-19
Shepherds of Palestine

The shepherds of Palestine do not
drive their flocks, as shepherds in Eu-
rope and America do, but lead them.
says II. V. Morton in "In the Steps Of
the Master" These men speak to their
sheep in loud sing-song voice, using
a weird language unlike anything ever
heard, and when they utter a laughing
kind Of whinny. their fiOcks come rum
ming to them. .-.
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1936-03-19
ECZEMA
(From Another Correspondent
Contest Held in District SO.

The declamatory contest held at the
school in District No. SO for the rural
pupils from this section proved quite
a success Monday evening. The win
ners for the serious section were as
follows: Alice Linehan, District No
116, first; Doris Mi1house, District No.
112, second; Ruth Kramer, District
No. 1913, third; and Dorothy Abraham
son, District No. 80, fourth. The re-
suits in the humorous division were
as follows. Donald Kramer, District
No. 1913, first; Hilma Rasmussen, Dis
trict No. SO, second; Inez Robertson,
District No. III, third; and Kenneth
Anderson, District No. 116, fourth.
For the lower grades in serious
Wanda Jebe, District No. III, won
first place, and in humorous, George
York, District No. SO won first.
Mrs. Perkins of Pine City, acted as
judge. The pupils taking part are to
be complimented on their work.
The musical numbers given by the
Frye boys and Hazel Orr and Mar
ion Ford from District No. SO, and
also the musical number by Myrland
Ramsdell, were enjoyed.
Mrs. E. Bostrom and children vfsi-
ted at the Ramsdell home Sunday eve
ming.
Mr.. and Mrs. Lester Thieling and
Cecil visited at the Pike home Tues
day evening.
Mr.. and Mrs. Delmar Benson and
Georgia Ann and Nellie Benson WISH
ted at the Swan home Sunday after
noon.
Corrine and Alice Linehan spent
Wednesday evening of last week at
the Chris Hanson home.
Mrs. Lester Theiling is spending
this week with her mother and fam
lily while her father is on the jury.
Merle and Kenneth Beaufeaux spent
Friday at the Tom Ryan home.
Mrs. H. Swan and Mel and Beat
rice spent Sunday evening at the Cur
tbs Lyon home.
Miss Beatrice Swan spent Tuesday
at her home.
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1936-03-19

Rudolph and Wendal Carlson, Art
Rasmussen, Viola, Darwin and Waldo
Carlson and Vernon Mattson helped
Mr.. and Mrs. Ed Houde of near Be-
roun celebrate their birthdays Friday
night. Mr.. and Mrs. Emil Olson and
Grace, Herbert Strokirch and Ernie
Chalupnik of Beroun, were also pres
ent.
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1936-03-19

St. Paul's Ev. Lutheran, Bruno.
missouri Synod)
Sunday, March 22-Divine worship
at 2:3O p. M, (English); Sunday
school at $3.50.
E. G. HALLSTEIN, Pastor.
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1936-03-19
EXPERT of the Family,

Jackson-Ever pick a quarrel with
your wife?
Johnson-No; 1 leave that to her,
she picks better ones.-Stray Stories
Magazine.
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1936-03-19

STATE OF MINNESOTA
County of Pine 3D.
We. Abe Markus vice president. and w. M.
Englund. cashier of the above named bank. do
solemnly swear that the above statement is true
to the best of our knowledge and belief.
ABE MARKUS, Vice President.
w. M. ENGLUND. Cashier.
Correct Attest: J. H. Lingren
1.-TWO directors) Hiram Walsh
Subscribed and sworn to before me this 18th
day of March. 1886.
j. H. Lngren
(Seall Notary Public. Pine County. MINI.
My commission expires Aug. /. 1912.
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1936-03-19

dred are in this once usual classifica-
ton. When recovery catches up with
the agricultural districts the country
school teacher will no doubt get her
former wages.
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1936-03-19

Statement of the condition of
STATE BANK OF BRUNO
Bruno Minnesota
Bank No. 1893
as of March 4th. 1886.
RESOURCES
Loans and discounts Observation-Disclosures. 1872, 944.15
Overdrafts. Observation-Disclosures. Is
Bonds and securities .......... 55.217.25
Banking house. furniture and fixtures $4,000
Checks and drafts in transit . 1,312.99
Due from other banks and cash on
hand .......................... 2s.634aO
Cash items and checks ........... 1858
Total. .S121. 74452
LIABILITIES
Capital stock s10,OOOO0
Surplus fund ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. 100000
Undivided profits. net ................. 2.42l27
Other reserves OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES. 2.5OO0O
Deposits subject to check ............. 51.99469
Cashiers checks. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. 2,96495
Savings deposits. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. 33.91857
Time certificates Observation-Disclosures. 11.94504
Total. .s121. 744.52
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1936-03-19

Keep Informed by reading the
American.
The Washington times., 1936-02-06
i. ). MAY SAVE
TAX REFUNDS
Continued from Page II
ye rabegan July 1, l94S, and ends
June 30, 1896.

Continued from Page II
We rabegan July 1, l94S, and ends
June 30, 1896.
Might Save Rig Refunds
Retroactive enactment Of the
processing taxes for this year, in
the opinion of some Government
fiscal experts. would remove most
of the danger of huge Treasury
refunds of the taxes outlaWed by
the Supreme Court.
Under this ruling, Congress
could reenact the $500, ,0O0,0 Of
impounded processing taxes which
were freed by the decision Of the
Supreme Court in the rice millers
case.
The legislation, however, would
not cover all the 81! 900, ,OOO, 900
processing taxes paid into the
Treasury in the two and one-nalf
years operation Of the AAA
scheme.
Probably not more than three
hundred million to four hundred
million dollars could be retroac-
lively enacted, it was estimated.
Must Prove Losses
Under present law. professors.
to obtain refunds, must prove that
they did not pass the tax to the
consumer, or take it out Of the
producer.
ConStitutionality of this provi-
sion is still to be decided by the
Supreme Court. Should it be
knocked out the Government
would be forced to return hun
dreds of millions of dollars Of
taxes.
Congress could, legal experts
say. withdraw consent of the Gov
eminent to be sued. Efforts to en-
act such a drastic bill failed in the
last session of Congress.
The Washington times., 1936-02-06
STORY
AIDS FAMILY

ALEXANDRIA, Va. Feb. 8.
Immediate response to a story in
The Washington Times yesterday
of the plight Of O family Of five in
Alexandria who had been forced
to take shelter in an old blacksmith
shop. was evident today as con-
tributions Of food. clothing and
furniture poured in.
Informed of the condition of the
family of Clinton InScore, one Of
whom is a T-monthS-old baby, by
Sergt. George Everly. of the Alex
andria police department, The
Times sent a photographer to
picture conditions. Hardly had
the first edition of The Times
appeared on the streets when
phone calls offering assistance
came into police headquarters.
Although immediate needs have
been supplied, the two men in
the family want work. Besides
Mr.. InScore, q 55-year-old cabinet
worker, there is his Son-in-law.
ElEy HiSe, 50, q mechanic. Both
declared they would accept relief
only rs q necessity
The other two members of the
little family who have made a
home out Of a flo0rleSs, open
windowed. one-room shack are
Hise's wife, who is 10 years old,
and Clinton mSc0re, tr., 9.
The Washington times., 1936-02-06
Washington Wig,
Lewis Gift, Now
At Kenmore

FREDERICKSBURG, Va, Feb.
GA wig which George Washing
ton once gave to his brother-in-
law. Fielding Lewis, of this city,
has been returned to Kenmore, the
old Lewis home here where it
originally came as a gift.
The wig, according to its his
tory, which has been authenti-
eally traced was presented to Cap
tain Remington by Colonel Lewis.
From Captain Remington it came
down to Miss Ann Potter, Of Po.
hick; Fairfax county, and then on
to Peter Pulliam. Of Cameron
Run. Fairfa.;;. From the latter it
eventually passed TO DR.. ]. Henry
Hoffman, of Baltimore, from
whom it was procured for Ken
more. which has been preserved
as n national shrine.