The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-08-05

to wander % outcaBw through Eu' rope.
 THE BLOODY ACQUISITION
 But egged on still further by her priestiy advisors, especially by the monk Torquemada who had been her tutor in youth, Isa" bella proclaimed him chief tns quisitor under tho order of Pope Gregory TX, who had named the Dominican order his chief inBtru" ment in extirpating hereBy.
 Torquemada made himself a name loathed through all history, q synonym for systematic and heartieSs cruelty. Men and women whose beliefs were not thoBc of the Roman church were tortured with a brutal fcroCity that makes the heart sick. The fires of tor- tliro and burning lit by Torque- mada burned for 300 yearB the heat they generated B felt Tn Spain even today.
 The inquisItion was an equally implacablc foe to learning, and thousands of books were burned because it was charged that they contained hcrcsics, q custom SUI surviving in several dIctator.rld" den countries of today.
 WAR AND REVOLT NEXT
 But despite theBe horrors, Spain went forward. When Ferdinand and Isabella died, tho Spanish crown paBgcd by marriage to the Austrian HapsburgS in the person of the Emperor Charles V. He was Flemish, and to him Spain was only c part of his empire. He plunged it hsadlong into G inael. Strom of European intrigue and war. He pumped treasure out Of Spain to support his German and continental ambitions.
 Soon nc was confronted by \ bloody revolt under Padilla. But he guppreBed it, and broadened the inquIgitIon t0 include tho MoriscO6, descendants Of the Moors, when he thus tried to ChFiBtianlze by fire and sword.
 Between the expulsion Of the Jews, and the persecution Of non- cOnfOrmigls and MorlBcoB, and the continual losSeS of war, Spain was continually blcd of iW best manhood. There is an old Span" ish saying that "Castilo produces men, then wastes them"
 FRESH CRUELTIEB ADDED
 Charles, sick In body and Boiil of his effort 10 govern the patCh- work empire of which Spain was a part, retired to c monastery. He left the empire to Philip II, huB- band Of Mary Tudor of England. Philip, the dark, welI-hatcd Bov. ercign, drained Hprain further by . series of wars, lie fought with France, annexed Portugal, and Joined c coalition against the Turks in which tho Spanish fleet under Don Juan of Austria played Q great role in defeating the Turk. ish squadron in the Gulf Of Le. Danto.
 He sent his Spanish infantry to the Netherlands, and there under the Duke of Alba they made thcm- selves 6 synonym for cruelty tn BuppreSBing widespread rebellion and in carrying the torturcs Of tho spanish inquiSition into the Low Countries.
 Taxation in Spain and the flood of gold from Lne Americas paid the bill. Spain was the richest country in Europe, with the great- est spread between her rich and her poor. BRITAIN'B NAVY DEYIED
 Toward tho end of "Tho Golden Century" Spain was outwardly the most glorious country in the world. But her government was inefficient, riddled by a corrupt and hobbllng bureaucracy. It was then that England, ruled by Queen Elizabeth after the death of Mary Tudor. began to crosB Gpain's path. Her rising navy claBhed with the Spanish gea power, and there were bitter conflicts on the Spanish Main in America.
 Then Philip decided to put an end to all that. Hc made loose alliance with France, traditional enemy of England, and started building Q navy which was ex- pected to bge 70 great that 1t could easily land Q force of the Spanish infantry on the coast of England and subdue that rebellious and Protestant country.
 Tn the very course of Philips preparations, Drake swept the West Indies clean and even en- tered the harbor of Cadiz and burned merchantmen while the Armada was building.
 STAINS "GLORY" D1MB
 In 1888 Philip thought he was ready. Tn May, . splendid fleet of i3i vessels sailed from Lisbon, carrying 1000 sailors and iT.OO0 Of the flower of the Spanish army. The Duke of Medina DidOnia was its commander. The fleet was dis- persed by . storm. but raliied to- gother again.
 ElizabethA English admirals. Howard. Drake, Hawkins and Rrobishor, were experienced navy men, tried in action. Their ships