davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times., 1936-03-09

LUCKETT, REBECCA ANN-on Sunday,
March g. 1886, at her home. Frsnconia.
Va, REBECCA ANN LUCKETT, wife of
Frank Luckett. in the fifty-fifth year of
her age. Remains resting at the Cunning
ham funeral home 800 Cameron Street.
Alexandria, Va, until Wednesday at
l 80 p. m.
Funeral services will be held from the
Beulah Baptist Church, Franconia, Va,
Wednesday, March IL. 1885. at 2 D. N,
Intermpnt in Bhnlah CemeterY. Va
The Washington times., 1936-03-09

MULLINGs, JOHN HENRY-On Sunday,
March 2, 1885 at his residence. a2S
Spring Road Northwest. JOHN HENRY
MULLINGS. aged 81 years beloved hus-
band of GeorEeanna Mullings.
Funeral services from the Temple Bsp-
tist Church, Tenth and Streets North
west, on Tuesday, March 10, at 2 D. m.
Evening star., 1936-09-22

the normal student-the salute is worth.
less. educationally and psychologist
to the unwilling child.
The Ludkes' refusal Is based on certain
tenets of the Jehovah's Witnesses re-
ligious sect. Their action is obviously
founded on . peculiar Interpretation Of
the spirit Of the biblical commandment:
Thou shalt have no other gods before
Me-" Their action is colored with the
fallacies Of fanaticism, but there is no
evidence that the Ludkes are not per-
fectly acceptable American citizens. The
father Is q war veteran. There is no
record of any subversive activity by any
members of the family. The children
are merely engaging in . form OF mis-
placed zealotry.
Instead of quietly ignoring the situa-
ton, as the school principal did for
several months, the, County Board OF
Education chose to make an issue OF
the matter. An unimportant incident
has become an embodiment OF attacks
and counter attacks on the Ludkes, the
school oficials, religious tenets and pa
triotic principles. The Ludkes have been
made martyrs to cause. Martyrdom is
a powerful force. 1t has in no way
furthered patriotism among American
school children.
Evening star., 1936-09-22
Funds for Lorton.

A comprehensive series OF articles
printed recently in The Star has served
tospresent to the attention Of the COM
munity the needs of the District OF
Columbia Reformatory at Lorton. But
the significance of those needs requires
to be pointed out. In brief, it amounts
to this: The establishment constitutes
a peril, and money perforce must be
spent to correct the danger.
There are many angles from which
the problem might be discussed with
relation to the risks which it represents.
For example, the place is sorely lacking
In proper flre-fighting equipment. One
piece OF apparatus cannot be SUFFICIENT
10 provide protection for buildings scat
tered over twenty seven hundred acres
1t territory and housing nearly three
thousand prisoners.
Again, under prevailing conditions, q
health hazard exists. tuberculosis is q
plague that spreads insidiously from VIC
tim to victim, unrealized and only tardily
detected. Its cure depends upon i'm
provement of environment as much rs
upon medical treatment. Yet at Lorton
consumptive inmates are but ine6ectively
isolated and inadequately sheltered.
Restoration to health simply Is not
Evening star., 1936-09-22
The Flag Salute.

When August A. Ludke's six children
were expelled from Prince Georges
County schools in nearby Maryland, an
issue of religious freedom versus COM
pulsory patriotism was created. But
that issue was not born Of the young
sters' refusal to salute the American
flag at the Oxon Hill Schools daily
Oath of Allegiance ceremonies. It was
actually prompted by the local Educa-
ton Boards disbarment order.
Whether that ruling is an infringe
ment of State constitutional rights must
be determined by the courts; whether
the children's action was disavowal OF
their love of country must certainly be
answered in the negative.
The nag salute is mark Of respect
for American standards. As . heartfelt
expression of reverence for those demo-
cratic principles, 1t is Of tremendous
tutorial and psychological value. As .
voluntary, spontaneous manifestation of
patriotic feeling, the Oath OF Allegiance
plays an important role In tho American
school system.
But as an enforced gesture, made by
the child against his will, the salute is
nothing more than lip service to the
Stars and Stripes. Made under conn
pulsion-and the routine Of daily pa
triotic exercises is not compulsion to
Evening star., 1936-09-22
Declares Charge Against
J. Ed gar Hoover Untrue
To the Editor OF The Star:

To the Editor OF The Star:
Your paper has published articles re-
Gently pertaining to the controversy
arising from the allegation that the
Federal Bureau of Investigation, under
the leadership of Mr.. John Edgar Hoover,
has caused hardships to its employees,
made demands on their time and created
sweatshop conditions.
The very nature of the work requires
long training and yet it is so intriguingly
interesting that the employees become SO
engrossed in it that they quite forget
hours and outside affairs. have been
in the Federal Bureau of Investigation
for q period of four years. I started In
q clerical capacity with limited educa-
tions Mr.. Hoover made provisions SO
that I attended to my regular duties and
resumed my studies. This privilege is
accorded every male employe in the
organization who wishes to take advan-
tage of it. As became better equipped
for added responsibility, was advanced
accordingly. My experience in this con-
nection Is only one of the numerous
like cases which indicate that no IA
voritism Is shown.
Mr.. Hoover Is o hard worker and O
great leader. He does not make unrea-
sonable demands for overtime. His in
domitable leadership spurs one on to do
big things If only 1t falls upon o recep-
tive mind. It would be unfair to listen
to q few disgruntled people who are
chronic kickers without also listening to
one who has gone through the mill and
knows the facts to have been distorted
and believes the vicious allegation TO
have been born Of malicious intent with
Evening star., 1936-09-22
Shooting Stars.
BY PHnANDER JOHNSON.
The Explanation Man.

The Explanation Man.
Oh, de explanation man, he come around
a-talkin' strong;
De words he uses soun's like dey was
five or six feet long.
He talks so ornamental dat you has q
great desire
To drop yoh daily work an stan an
listen an admire.
You kin ak i'm any question dat YOU
chance to have on hand;
His answer will be mos too fine fob
you to understand.
He will tell you bout de taxes an de
cost of what you eat
An bout de wars dat fill de world Wit
sorrow 50 complete.
But VIII all dis conversation, bout de
mos dat he can say
Is dat men jes' keep on nghtin' an
deys got de tax to pay.
Though he's very informatious an he
does de bes' he can,
You never gets much comfort FUN de
explanation man.
Evening star., 1936-09-22
STARS, MEN AND ATOMS
Notebook of Science Progress in Field,
Laboratory and Study.
BY THOMAS X. HENRY.

Why cold waves?
Aviators soaring twice daily into the
chill depths Of the upper atmosphere
this Winter will secure data which Gov
ernment meteorologists hope will shed
light on some of the most perplexing
problems of Winter weather prediction.
The program will continue from Sep
tember to March at specially equipped
stations at Fairbanks, Alaska, and
Fargo. N. Oak. At Fairbanks, airplanes
operating under contract with the Gov
ernment, will carry aerometeorgraphs-
instruments that automatically record
temperature, humidity and pressure in
the air through which they pass-ap-
proximately 8 miles above the earth
twice q day. The object is to obtain q
clear idea of the structure OF polar con-
tinental air which cools the United
States. 1t Is part Of air mass analysis,
first developed in Europe, by which
meteorologists hope to cut down by .
large amount the factor of error in their
predictions.
Snow surface temperatures also will
be recorded and. the radiation of heat
from the earth at night will be meas
ured by pyrgeometers, terrestrial radia-
ton measuring instruments, installed at
Fairbanks and Fargo. The value Of the
new investigations. says w. r. Gregg,
chief of the United States Weather Bu-
reau, will be greatly increased by q
simultaneous plan of the Canadian
meteorological service to establish an air
plane observing station at Fort Smith.
in the Mackenzie River Basin of the
Northwest Territory.
This Mackenzie Basin has figured
prominently in American meteorological
news in the last few years. All cold comes
originally from the Arctic. The cold air
masses pile up above the polar sea until
they spill over, like water spilling over
the edge of q tub, and move southwark.
Naturally, they spill over first at the
points of least resistance. The Mac
Kenzie River, flowing to the Arctic east
of the Canadian Rockies, is about the
most convenient path for them to follow.
Hence this river channel is one Of the
two most important paths for the cold
waves which strike the United States.
The cold air flows south, across Mon
tana and the Dakotas, until it meets
masses of warm air from the Gulf region
and is turned eastward, eventually pass
ing out over the Atlantic. A vital part
of Winter weather prediction for the
City of Washington is the close observa-
ton of the progress of these Mackenzie
Valley cold waves. Unfortunately for
the uniform prediction Of Winter
weather conditions in the past, the most
significant developments in the move
ments of air masses take place at great
heights. Observations at the surface
may be only delayed results of something
that has taken place miles up.
Now it will be possible to study the air
masses as . whole and learn what Is
responsible for some of their unpre-
dictable behavior. From vertical cross
sections Of the upper atmosphere at .
few places meteorologists can plot and
Evening star., 1936-09-22

feasible in the infirmary now in service.
and while the disease proceeds to its
logical tragic termination each individual
patient is a potential source Of infection.
A separate modern hospital is imperative
In the interest of sick and well alike.
Further, additional guards are wanted.
In the event of a general outbreak, a
state of war would ensue, and the rebels
many OF them "hard-boiled" felons
who could be counted upon to stop at
nothing-might have the better chance
of winning such . battle. The result,
incontrovertibly, would be numerous es-
capes-with all the aftermath Of preda-
tory violence against peaceable society
natural in the circumstances.
But Lorton's case ought not to be
argued negatively. Instead, even in a
time of economic depression and hard
ship. the community should regard the
place as . responsibility comparable with
that of public schools. The reformatory
should be financed in line with the
meaning Of its name. Offenders sent
there are human. They may deserve
punishment, but they likewise are en-
titled to a chance to turn over q new
leaf" to make fresh start in the world.
Captain M. M. Barnard, general superin-
tendent, is famous for his genius in re
constructing" character His GRADUATES"
have a good record. And the practical
idealism which he has manifested 50
successfully should be remembered when
he appeals for funds for the continuance
and especially for the development of his
work.
Evening star., 1936-09-22

chart conditions over q very wide area
Such charts. Mr.. Gregg says, help to
complete the forecaster's picture of the
air masses that make weather.
Il
Cultures of ancient India and Meso-
potamia have been linked by the finding
Of q representation of q bumped bull,
an Indian animal, on a Sumerian work
of art of about 5000 Be, Prof. Henri
Frankfurt, field director of the Iraq
expedition Of the University Of Chicago,
reported Monday.
The bumped bull was not in MeSo-
potamia at that time, but was commonly
depicted In Indian art It was found
on q fragment Of q cylindrical vase at
Tell Agrab, Sumerian city excavated by
the expedition last season.
At present the two regions are sepa-
rated by the great deserts of Baluchistan
and Southern Persia. This region must
have been much more fertile 5000 years
ago. Prof. Frankfurt says, because re-
Gently extensive ruins Of settlements have
been found in territory now virtually un-
inhabited. 1t Is probable that there
was much Travelled land route between
India and Mesopotamia
In excavations at another site in Irau
the University Of Chicago expedition
found q representation of a cyclops,
the one-eyed man familiar in Greek
mythology. from the period Of about 21OO
BIC. This indicates that there must
have been borrowing Of ideas between
Mesopotamia and Greece. The ruins of
Tell Agrab apparently cover the three
earliest prehistoric periods in Mesopo-
tamia. One temple excavated yielded
numerous objects, including stone
statues and amulets, found in a con-
cealed sacristy. The statues represent
worshiperS, except for two copper fig
urines which were used to hold offer
ings to the gods. More than 400 mace
heads of various kinds of stone. and q
group of stone vases with rustic scenes
also were uncovered in the temple
At another site excavated was found
curiously decorated pottery with fig
ures of animals, fish and plants which
may have had magical significance.
Evening star., 1936-09-22
Labor Relations Act a
Guarantee of Justice

To the Editor Of The Star:
Mr.. A. 8. Lanier writes that the de-
cision of the National Labor Relations
Board calling for the reinstatement of
Morris Watson makes his blood boil
with righteous indignation. The order,
based on a decision by a special exam
liner, Dean Charles E. Clark of the Yale
Law School, was handed down last May
and was sustained by q unanimous vote
of the Circuit Court of Appeals in New
York in July. Apparently Dean Clark
and the judges of the Court of Appeals
found nothing utterly unconstitutional,
damnable and communistic" in the law.
The facts of this famous case are we'll
known to any one who cares to read
them. Morris Watson was for seven
years "admittedly one OF A. P.'s ablest
reporters" thine, June 20, 1896, p. 33) .
He never had any trouble with his
employer until 1888, when he organized
and headed in New York a unit of the
American Newspaper Guild. Shortly
after he began his activities in behalf
OF labor in the newspaper industry he
was denoted by being put in charge OF
the Southern wire" routine desk job.
After vacation forced by illness. he was
ster trick" at the A. Ps desk He was
still faithfully performing his duties
when he was discharged by A. P.s gen.
eral manager.
The writer, for one, is thankful that
Congress enacted the national labor re-
lations act. Congress correctly under
stood the life and death influence which
the large employers of today WELD over
their employees. 1t fully understood that
a man, unjustly discharged, may be
irreparably injured through the mere
whim Of q yindictive or prejudiced en-
ployer. While making no attempt to
regulate the conduct Of q business. it
did wisely provide. so far as possible,
for q redress OF the grievances of one
unjustly treated. Orderly procedure for
such redress is provided by hearing be-
fore an impartial tribunal at which each
side has the fullest opportunity to pre-
sent its case. How can any one see in
such law an attempt Ito sovietize the
business and industries of American" If
the employer has just cause for his
conduct, he should be able to convince
q board of fair, impartial and intelligent
men. If the employees position Is cor
rect. it Is q mere act Of justice to give
him redress.
1t is typically reactionary attitude to
condemn as unconstitutional" and
"communistic" any law which we do not
happen to like, but any law which fits
justice to the peculiar conditions of q
modern industrial world certainly can
not be 50 termed. ARTHUR w. DEW.
Evening star., 1936-09-22
Joint Action Might Secure
Subway Line for District

To the Editor Of The Star:
No matter how much one advocates
In favor of an underground railway
system for the District, there are OBJ
stacles to overcome. District people are
denied the right to vote. Proper repre-
sentation and recognition by Congress
might help. but even then one wonders
II the District government would run
up against q snag when the time came
to ask for q Federal grant to erect q
subway system here. 1t would be .
splendid public move II the Capital
Transit Co. and the Federal and District
Committee joined hands-the Capital
Transit Co. seeking Federal aid to help
1t to build an underground railway route
A subway could be installed through
Thirteenth street from the District line
to Water street. 1t could be q two-way.
two-track thoroughfare, with provision
made so that in case OF necessity in
later years two other tracks could be
added. The first unit would comprise q
local railway. If In later years increased
District population demanded increased
subway facilities, express tracks and ex-
press cars could be added to the system
After the construction of the Thir-
teenth street subway, second unit OF
two-track subway could be built under
H street. running from Georgetown to
the Seventeenth street southeast area.
This unit could be built to connect with
the Thirteenth street subway. thus al
lowing passengers on either train of
cars to transfer at a terminus to either
line.
Let's assume that q Thirteenth street
underground railway system could be
built at a cost Of 100000. And that
the H street unit could be added at a
cost of $12000,000, making a total
amount needed of $4,000, ,OOO Assume
that the Federal Government were to
grant 5000 900 as its share and the Dis
tricts share. would 1t be too much to
ask Capital Transit Co. to contribute
the remaining 100000? Were this
done one may feel safe in predicting that
Capital Transit would be able to pay of
any Indebtedness incurred within five
years. From then on it should be a
profitable adventure, whether the fare is
a nickel or a dime
Building the subways in the streets
mentioned would not interfere with
Federal Government structures like the
Treasury Building, the War Department,
the White House and the Capitol Build
ing. all of which should be safeguarded
from any underground development.
1t is likely that busses will replace
most Of the surface cars in the future.
Some streets will have to have surface
cars. Those without them will give the
motorist a wider road on which to
travel. OF course, people will have to
cross streets. but perhaps by then under
ground ramps or plazas may be in use
Anyway. when that Utopian time arrives
here trafdc congestion will be a memory.
FREDERIC G. FROST.
Evening star., 1936-09-22
Germany and Hungary.

Having patched up an arrangement
which for all practical purposes brings
Austria under the Nazi yoke, German
diplomacy is now "cultivating' the other
half of the defunct dual monarchy,
the Magyar kingdom OF Hungary. To
that end Baron Won Neurath, Reich
foreign minister, has just arrived at
Budapest. AS currently happens. when
Hitler's emissaries honor neighboring
lands with visits, the present tour OF
the head of the Berlin foreign office Is
disguised as a hunting trip" But in
stead of shooting wild game, there are
plentiful indications that Baron Won
Neurath has really gone cunning in
Hungary to persuade that country to
enter the orbit Of political, military and
economic forces, which Germany Is
steadily organizing, with a view to max
ing herself once again the dominant
influence in Central Europe. The Ger
man minister Is to confer with Admiral
Horthy, regent of Hungary, who recently
called on Hitler in Bavaria. Obviously
business of magnitude is on their agenda.
The German Hungarian confabula-
tions assume special significance, COM
ing on the heels of the Fuehrer's hints
of a war Of conquest on the Soviet
Union, in order that the Reich may some
day swim in plenty from the riches OF
the Siberian forests, the mines Of the
Urals and the grainfields OF the Ukraine.
General Won Blomberg, chief of the
Reichswehr, works in closest collabora-
ton with the German foreign offce. AS
few of Baron Won Neurath's moves on
the European chessboard are made with
out consultation with the army, military
matters undoubtedly come within the
scope of the Budapest conversations.
Hungary would not lie directly in the
path of q Nad advance against Russia,
but a German-Austro-H Hungarian-R
manian combination would encircle a
possibly hostile Poland and Czechoslo-
vakia and immensely facilitate both Of
fensive and defensive operations against
"our old adversary" as Hitler pillories
the U. S. 8. r. Following Germanys
example, Hungary has indicated her in
tention of denouncing the military
clauses of the treaty of Trianon and re-
establishing her army. Hungary also
Graves peace treaty revisions which would
restore to her war-lost territory now in
corporated in Rumania and Czechoslo-
vakia. Baron Won Neurath may have
flea or two to put in Budapests ears on
both those scores, in the form OF assur-
ances OF German support in return for
Hungarian aid in certain European
eventualities.
In the course Of his recent Central
European trip on behalf of German trade
and exchange, Reichsbank President DR..
Schacht visited Budapest. This weeks
arrivals there also include DR.. Goebbels.
NaA propaganda minister. Altogether,
there is an accumulation Of proof that
Germany has big things afoot in Hun
gary and has set about the business Of
putting them in tangible shape.
Evening star., 1936-09-22

California students who investigated
the evolutionary relation Of the primor-
dial protoplasm to cerebral cortex are
analyzing straw votes without coming
to a decision as to which Is in the lead,
plasm or cortex. It may be necessary
to forget the nervous system and study
farm figures to ascertain the authority
exercised over the social system by the
alimentary tract.
Evening star., 1936-09-22

While there is a tendency to fierce
ness" in campaigning, certain discreet
restraint is manifest which makes refer
ence to more or less anonymous iniqui-
ties. When Capulets and Montagues
quarreled one Of the truculent retainers
said, ,"I do not bite my thumb at you,
SIR, but do bite my thumb, sir!"