davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-10-03

ing up of much of the money in the office of Comptroller General Mo- Carl, attempted strikes against New York projects and a flood of thou sands of applications from local communities asking for and out lining their proposed work. Projects to give work to artists, writers, musicians, and actors were set up in October, and the outline of the National Youth Administra- tion, which aimed to help boys and girls to stay in school by providing them work.
 In November, the WPA was still 2,000, 900 short of its goal of 3,500,- 900 jobs. Criticism of white col lar" projects added the word "boon- doggle" to the language. Organizers began to foment strikes among prof. ect workers in many cities, demand ing more money and other conces- Sions.
 In February the peak was reached. There were 3,800,000 men and women at work. By March the rolls began to thin out.
 The political aspect of the vast move began to appear. Director Harry Hopkins sent out blunt let ter forbidding soliciting of politi- cal funds among project workers but Senator Rush Holt demanded an investigation of political pres sure on them in West Virginia.
 
 Wages Take Slump
 Toward July, rolls were further reduced, though the mayors of 50 eastern cities united in protest Wage scales had begun to simmer down, and survey showed at this time that average pay in New York was $72.31 month; in Houston $34; in San Francisco, $64; ir Cleveland. $65; in Pittsburgh, $68.
 In April Hopkins went to Con- gress with his report. and faced g searching inquiry about WPA a! preliminary to new appropriation In a. five-hour grilling he pointed out that, of 170,00o projects, only about 150 had been specifically crit icized, and these he defended.
 Criticism began to rise that Cali fornia pea .ranchers, Colorado beet | growers, farmers generally, could
The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-10-03

People were hungry within the shadow of the very warehouses where the huge stocks of wheat and pork were stored. People with. out jobs couldn't eat cheap food When farmers quit buying, business collapsed.
 The Roosevelt administration faced the facts. It gave the farmers national farm program. It worked with the farmers themselves in re- storing prices and income. It used It's powers to meet two great emer- gencles caused by drouth. It is go- ing to keep on working with farm CTS to meet their future problems. Charges Empty Promises
 After 12 years of inaction, evasion and disaster, what does the repub- llcan party offer now? It offers an- other set of promises for 1886. They include many of the proposed pan- aceaS of the past, and some new ones. All are vague and capable of two interpretations. Every high re- publican spokesman including Gov ernor Landon has assailed the AAA The language of most of them sounds like the language used by the duPont Liberty League, its Farmers Independence council, and William Randolph Hearst, arch enemy of genuine farm progress.
 do not believe the farmers will be folled again. I think they have learned that demonstrations domi- mated by great banking houses, in- dustrialists and the utilities are un- friendly to agriculture. These in- terests are supporting the republi- can party. They are opposing Pres ldent Roosevelt. This fact shows what would happen if the republi- cans should win. It is inconceiyable that the American farmers, in the light of their experience, will ex. change solid performance for empt, promise again.
 NEXT: Representative Bertrand H. Shell, house minority leader, de. nounces Roosevelt relief administra- fion and charges playing politics with human misery"
The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-10-03

tided people through a desperate winter, stimulated purchasing pow CT, and established the principle that to get federal money relief people had to do something for it.
 In addition, road building, school improvement, and thousands of worthwhile objects were furthered.
 
 EZRA Takes Up Burden
 When CWA was demobilized in the spring. the Federal Emergency Relief Administration took its place This ran through the summer and the following winter of 1934-35, employing 2,444,000 people at its peak in Jannary and, in addition, distributing vast sums in direct re- lief. Programs for rural rehabilita- tion, land improvement, drouth re- lief Q93N, transients and self help co-operatives were developed under EZRA. ...
 At the beginning of 1885, with private employment looking up Roosevelt made his next proposal The federal government was to quit this business of relief" It would offer work to the needy un- employed who could work, and let the states take care of those who couldn't. Old age pensions and so- cial security were coming along to help the states with that burden.
 After three-month debate, con- gress passed the work program bill ito provide relief, work relief, and to increase employment by provid- ing for useful projects" which is the basis of WPA today. It appro- priated $4,S80, 100000 and divided it: so much for roads and grade cross ings, 50 much for rural rehabilita- tion and relief, so much for housing so much for identification, and the like. But it left wide discretion tc the president outside those general divisions.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-10-03
BY WILLIES THORNTON NEA Service Staff Correspondent

There by the roadside stands the red white and blue sign: "U. S. A-Work Progran1-WPA"
 There are thousands of others like it. blooming like flow at 170O0O locations throughout the country Blooming like weeds say those who do not like what they stand for
 WPA signs rapidly becoming the work of the administration under increasingly hot fire attack defense.
 public political public offer win bread and m and hope extended millions who
The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-10-03
What It Is, How It's Operated,
 And How It's Viewed By Friend And Zoe
Three Million On WPA Projects
 Today

not get emergency help to harvest their crops because workers would not desert WPA jobs, which were steady and, on the whole, abetr ' paid.
 More than 100 investigators and trouble e-shooters" were put on the job to straighten out these local situations. In some cases local WpA jobs were closed down during har- vest time. Efforts were made to make it easier to get back on WPA if you left to take temporary pti- vate job.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-10-03
What Works Program Is

What Works Program Is
 Precisely how Governor Landon would attack the problem of which WPA is an attempted solution he has not yet indicated. Nor has President Roosevelt as yet indicated what changes he plans when he re- ports on WPA to the new congress before January 10, and makes his recommendations for the future.
 Thus no exact comparison be- tween contrasting programs is pos- sible.
 This series of stories is an effort to tell just what the works program is, what it has done, both good and bad, and what it means. The works program as it exists today was provided by joint reso- lution of congress April 8, 1885; it is almost 18 months old.
 But its roots go down to 1883.
 There were then between 13 and IT million unemployed = nobody knows just how many. Private, in- stitutional, and state relief had broken down. The federal govern ment had to act.
 There were three courses:
 l. Let them Starve.
 2. Give them enough food and shelter to live (the dole).
 3. Give them work.
 
 Jobs, ROOsevelt's Choice
 Roosevelt chose to give work. Though admittedly more expensive, it was decided that to keep up self respect. morale, and skill through , work was preferable to feeding men and women in idlenesS.
 The Civilian Conservation Corps was established. The Public Works Administration followed, set up to spend $3,300,0o0,000 on permanent public works. But it soon found it could not employ many people for nearly year, because it was so hard to sift out the best and most perma- nent projects. Autumn came on. Something had to be done.
 The Civil Works Administration was hurriedly devised. And be- tween November and January more
The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-10-03

NEXT: Representative Bertrand H. Shell, house minority leader, de- nounces Roosevelt relief administra- fion and charges playing politics with human misery"
The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-10-03

admit that agricu1ture's position has improved steadily since 1882. This improvement is all the more remarkable since it took place despite the drouths of 1884 and 1886, the worst on record.
 The recovery of agriculture is strikingly told in the figures on farm income debt surpluses; in every trend. It IS told in increased farm buying power in the recovery of the nation itself
 Cash farm income rose from $4377,000O0O in 1882 to $7,2o1 ,OOC,OoO in 1885, and the estimated income for 1886 is more than $7,5OOO0OO00 Ap- proximately 500O00 farms have been saved from foreclosure. Farm indebtedness has been reduced approximately $1OO,0O000O since 1882 For the first time on record, tenancy decreased in the period from 1932 to 1885, The huge 1882 Surpluses of al- most every farm commodity have been eliminated
 For the first time, systematic national effort s
The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-10-03
Handicaps; Overcome

Summer was spent getting start ed. By August the CCC personnel had been boosted to 425, ,000 and an additional 05,o00 were at work on regular WPA projects. By Septem- Der there were 100000, despite hold
The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-10-03

@eventN.one automobile plants in nMCEigan had 272. .4el employees as Of May. IS, 1886. an increase of 1.2 per cent over the number employed on the same date last year.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-10-03
Both Good And Bad Sides of Work Relief Program, a Major Campaign Issue,
 Are Considered In Series

This is the first of stories summing collectively the and of WPA the work which political spotlight increasing frequency the presidential campaign into the home stretch.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-10-03
Assails IndustriaIists

Assails IndustriaIists
 In brief, government has given agriculture some of the protection and benefits that wealthy and pow erful industrial groups had long de- manded and received. Agriculture did not get real or lasting aid, how ever, until the special privilege groups had been driven from power by the man now occupying the White House.
 I have been member of the house agriculture committee for a number of years. I know that it is difficult to enact constructive legis- lation for agriculture under the most favorable circumstances. It is virtually impossible under an ad- ministration whose first concern is big business and big business has been the first concern of every re- publican administration since the war.
 It is, from every indication, the first concern of the present republi- can leadership which has the pow erful support of the MorganS, the duPonts, the Rockefellers and others like them. They have fought every effective farm program ever de- manded by farmers. They will de- strCy the present AAA if they can They will block any alternative They dominate the republican party I do not want to see the farmers welfare again placed in their hands
 
 Cites Republican Failures
 One of the big reasons for the de- precision was the collapse of farm prices and farm income which reached the lowest depth in 1892 Dominated by the views of Herbert Hoover and Andrew Mellon, the re- publican administration followed policies that were unfriendly to ag- riculture. President Coolidge twice vetoed the McNary-Haugen bill President Hoover promised prosper tty to the farmers. He gave them the farm board and the Smoot- Hawley tariff act. The result was paralysis of farm buying power. The price of wheat went lower than 1t had been since the days of Queen Elizabeth. Corn was so cheap that It was used as fuel. Cotton was the biggest bargain that it had been Ninra the uar hofmoaY1 fha efofac
The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-10-03
More Money for WPA

All OAAAC OSAAe9A NA1S e@6eSAAA4 eA~N>~ long investigation and debate, con- tinued WPA with an additional ap- propriation of $1,425 ,0O0, 900. The WPA lists were closed to aliens ille- gally within the country" but opened to jobless regardless of whether they were or had been on relief.
 By midsummer, rolls were still declining, and 8 scarcity of skilleu labor began to be apparent as in- dustrial employment continued to rise. Demands of organizers of WPA workers became more insist ent, and red tape in getting pay checks was frequently protested.
 As the presidential campaign neared, repeated charges of political pressure on WPA workers to get and keep their jobs were cited by critics, despite emphatic assurances by Hopkins that if any local admin- istrators were putting on any such pressure it was against his express orders.
 In a congressional investigation of campaign methods Tn PennSyl-F vania, both pressure by private en- ployers on their men, and pressure by WPA executives on theirs will be investigated.
 Today there are about 100000 men and 100000 women working for WPA on 90O0O projects. That in- cludes some 2,4o0,000 on "straight" WPA jobs, around 375,000 in the CCC, more than 350,000 in emer- gency conservation work, and thou sands more in the Youth, Electrifi- cation, and Resettlement adninis- trations.
 NEXT: Boondoggiing or wealth. building-what do all these people DO, anyway? A brief survey of ths work of the WPA.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-10-03
BOTH SIDES
 of inc CAMPAIGN
Texan Defends Roosevelt Program ] As First Genuine Farm Relief
 Provided Since World War
BY REPRESENTATIVE MARVIN JONES
 Chairman. House Committee on Arricnlfnrn

The Roosevelt administration make attempt Other administrations
The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-10-03

get them III no OCIlEr way!
 More and more clearly, that is one of the questions every voter must answer to himself before Mo- vember.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-10-03

most valuable heritage the soil the
 through the AAAs benefit payments have had loans on corn and cotton have helped to stabilize prices Steps
The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-10-03

&NEWSPApERS ! and newspaper readers wont their news of Presidential cumpoign year deliv. cred accurately. Accuracy is tradition United Press political writers never forget Through their i0euG reports 1896 political personalities promises ond platforms spe1k for themselves.
 Alert application of thot kind of foetzeportinq en- abled Lyle C. Wilson head of the United Press Wash- ington bureau. to be the first newsmun to sense the significance of Governor London's phrose The American Way"
 In on exclusive interview. more than q month before his acceptance speech. the Governor fold Wilson what he 4neont by The Americun W0Y." Gn expression hdt has ridden the front page head. lines ever since with Gs much prominence as The New Deol".
 U' E. PonuCoA rePorun9 not onX sesks 0u1 MS facts but presents them with force and clGrity.
 Dominont newspapers depend on United Press for campaign coverGgs by such widely known pc liiicol reporters as Lyle c. Wilson. Joe Alex Morris. head the Senute stoff: Frederick A. Storm White House correspondent Edwmd w. Lewis. heod ci the House stuif: Harry Ferguson. political lecture writer. They and score of others are on the firing line for the United Press setting the news pace in 1896 Presidential empaign cov.ras.. rni11ant Coverac
Evening star., 1936-12-08
MONEY MARKET.

NEW, YORK. December R.-Call
commercial paper. y Fer cent: time loans
offered; bankers acceptances UNCHANGED;
rediscount rate. N. Y. Reserve Bank. IN
per cent offered.
Evening star., 1936-12-08
C.,B.&Q.DECLARES
COMMON DIVIDEND
Payment of 81 a Share Will
Go to Northern Pacific
and Great Northern.
Rs the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, December 8-Directors
Of Chicago, Burlington g. Quincy Rail-
road Co. today declared dividend OF
81 a common share. The payment will
bring $3,320,7l6 each to the Northern
Pacific and Great Northern Railways
which own 81 per cent of the stock.
Each of the two Northern roads
owns 830,179 shares of Burlington
The last payment on the Burlington
common was So on December %, 1885
The latest dividend is payable De-
cember 10 to holders Of record De-
cember IL.
The Devoe & Reynolds Co., makers
of paints and varnishes, with plants in
Chicago, Louisville, Maiden, Mass,
and Newark, announced an extra
dividend of 25 cents a share on COM
mon stock.
At the same time a regular divi-
dend of rs cents a share was de-
clared on class A and B shares, max
ing an annual rate Of So, compared
with So previously. Payments are
due January / to holders of record
December 81.
Howe Sound Co.
Howe Sound Co.. controlling mines
in Canada and Mexico, announced an
extra dividend of rs cents a share
and a regular quarterly of the
amount, both payable December %
to holders of record December IL.
American Brake Shoe.
American Brake Shoe g. Foundry
Co. ordered an extra dividend of 81
share and the regular quarterly
payment of so cents on common
both payable December 81 to holders
Of record December IA.
Adams Express Co.
Adams Express Co., an investment
company, declared a year-end divi.
dend Of IS cents a share, payable
December % to holders of record De-
cember IA.
Barber Co., Inc.
Directors of Barber Co., Inc, for
merly General Asphalt Co.. declared q
special dividend of IS cents, payable
December % on stock of record De-
cember IS. On October a a dividend
of so cents was declared payable De-
cember 10.
Evening star., 1936-12-08
Washington Produce.

sa.hsred from wholesale dssIsss sDriess e
New YORK S on prnas. ear ao
ton C92 scorel, 36: l-pound prints. carton
(9o score), 36 H-pound prints. carton
SO scoTej. ] IS: tubs u coz scOreJ. O' SO: tubs
W MESTs.: iSSiss: s.:Scholee beef. i; calves. IS;
SO: compound: I3: lard. .l4Is.
ays has: sssif hssRs ss hhSs hSss
gaS34; roughs. oass4: calves sail; lambs.
Rss.' gsf shRRssd se. sss aos B..a %a's Of
AsEieglsural Esonomies: .
cepts ues rseeps ssssdy
81: Rennery Whites. 54a36. GoVernme mt
sraded and dated white eess. met prices
extras, large, .37l2; y. s. extras, mediums,
sai5 T. staPasrds large &c., st..dv
qnchhsnsed;, Fowl; ~ colored; heavy; l6als:
LLeghorns LtIaio,n S d0al1; & Ne Is sa1o; chickenss
Delaware crosses, i6ai7: mixed colors. IA
ais; Guineas young. . pounds and up.
,n.s 20 each; under pounds 95aso each old
hens. 20; young toms, 1s.
Fruits and VEGETABLES.
Sales in large lots by original receivers
Up APPLE@TSrss z j g. ISFss WASHINGTON arrived:
mod ssF
Bushels. U. 8. No. /: virginia. Grimes.
miniman neh minimqH stssms5s nehh inch
i;i5ai 80: a5:-inch minimum. rn i-5oai 81:
minimum. i ,46aI so: Romes 2lt-inch
inch h' mi,rum nGh 4oaf miomq% 0
Golden Delicious, 2l4 Inch minimum. 25:
3iis-inch mlnimum. l43ai so Delicious.
minimum i 5oai 95 Jonathans. 2A,ineh
minimym i'm @ l25; 81 21,jineh i minimum no. 35a 81.
linen minimnm 5as5: .,incs s0nnmf NUNS
mum. :o0aI:15: 21a;insh minimum. 1.25a
virsinia:. staymans. eombjnation sxtG5s
and and fancy T'45as g: q GRADE. /. .5oai IS:
Grimes. fancy. l.40al.65; grade. LISA
fancy. l;5Oa2 90. as to. size: Delicious,
fancy. l-65a2.25. as to size Washington,
20: zoo beiieions extra fancy. . &.55: 5 isnes is
cABBAoE-one New York. one Penn
supplies s Ilsht; demand iish.; parEst
S New si YORK and dossS 1 pi 56po12d
CARRoTs-No carlot arrivals; two
broken cars on track. Supplies light: de-
mand light; market steady. California.
Western lettuce crates, q dozen, 2.75.
CAULIFLOWER-No carlot arrivals; two
broken and one unbroken cars on track.
Supplies moderate: demand light; market
dull California crates. .50a1 go.
CELERY-Four California, two New
York arrived: six broken and eight un-
broken cars on track. Supplies moderate;
demand light: market steady.t California,
u crates. individually washed and pre-
cooled. 2.50a2 IS: New York, "a crates. in
the rough. .50a2 90.
LETTUCE-One Arizona one California
arrived: seven broken and three unbroken
cars on track. Supplies liberal; demand
slow: market weak. California. Western
crates Iceberg type. dozen. 2.50a2.75;
Florida. 11a-bushel hampers. Big Boston
type. .50a2.00.
ONIONS-One New York. one Ohio ar
rived: two broken and four unbroken cars
on track. Supplies moderate; demand
moderate: market steady: 5O-pound sacks.
q. S. No. L: Michigan. 75as5; Utah. VAL
encias, 3 inches and larger. 1.10a1. 15.
PEAS-No carlot arrivals; one broken
and one unbroken cars on track. Sup
plies moderate demand slow; market
steady. California. bushel hampers. Tele-
phones. small size. 2.25a2 .35; Florida.
bushel hampers. truck receipts. 1.75a2.00.
Evening star., 1936-12-08
GENERAL MOTORS
SALESSETR RECORD
November Volume Advances
to AH.Time High for
That Month.
~ the Associated Press.

Ey the ASSOCIATED Press.
NEW YORK, December s.-General
Motors Corp. today reported sales to
consumers in the United States in
November were 1852 units, the
highest for the month on record, and
compared with 136,s5s in November,
1885.
Total sales to dealers in the United
States and Canada, together with over
seas shipments, were 191,720 units,
which was likewise a November record.
In the same month last year total was
1872, ,754 cars and trucks.
United States consumer sales in the
first IL months of this year were the
highest on record. They totaled
/ .546, TAI units, against 1,156,798 in
the similar period last year. Amer
ican dealers bought ABS ,529 cars in
the II months, in contrast with /, 1,220,-
924 in the same period of 1885.
Sales to dealers in this country in
November also constituted record for
the month, totaling 156.40 units,
against 147,849 in November, 1895.
World sales for the II months came
to 1,798,576 units, compared with
! ,529, 800 in the similar period last
year.
Evening star., 1936-12-08
HOLDERS TO VOTE
ON HUPP CHANGES
Proposed Capital Revision
Will Be Considered at
Meeting January 7.
BY the Associated Press.

DETROIT, December 8.-Oncials
of the Hupp Motor Car Corp. an
nounced that stockholders will be
asked to vote on proposed revision
of capital at q meeting On January Z,
which, If approved, would return $500
to 1000 men to work in the plant,
closed since last March.
The revision Of capital will include
the cancellation of 193,464 shares in
the treasury and reduction of au-
thorized capital from 1000 900 shares
of $40 par value to 100000 shares
of 81 par value.
Under the plan, one new share
would be exchanged for each four
shares now held and leave unissued
670,343 shares, which would be sold.
Present stockholders would have the
right to purchase the unissued stock
on pro-rata basis.
Directors announced that if the
plans are carried out the Hupp Co.
would resume operations free of debt
The company, which has not an
nounced a 1887 car, expects to market
its product in the minimum price
field, it announced.
Evening star., 1936-12-08
Patterson Resigns
AS President OF
Life Underwriters
By the Associated Press,

By the Associated Pre6c.
PITTSBURGH, December 8.-Alex-
ander e. Patterson OF Chicago an
nounced his resignation last night as
president of the National Association
Of Life Underwriters at the fiftieth
anniversary celebration of the Pitts
burgh chapter Of the association.
The resignation became effective
today.
Patterson, who has been elected vice
president In charge Of agencies for q
Philadelphia insurance company (Penn
Mutual, will be succeeded by Theo-
dore M. Richie Of New York, past
president.
The retiring president, who began
his career IA years ago in Pittsburgh,
In an address urged wider use OF
newspapers as q medium of advertising
to help the agent In his daily solici-
tation."
Evening star., 1936-12-08

Union OIL Co. Of California-Navy
Department awarded Q fuel oil con.
tract to this company for $1,074, ,078.