davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1936-11-15

1t was my job to be scared. The or
ganization end of the show could be
satisfied that the election was in the
bag. but the publicity department had
to proceed on the theory that am
bushes lurked and forays threatened
until the votes were in the ballot
boxes.
How did I know how much effect
there would be in $1,000. 900 worth of
billboard advertising that vote for
Landon meant vote for job-when
/ did not have q dollar to match the
billboards?
Then they came along with their
social security and job insurance drive.
With the Republican National Com
mittee sending big establishments
millions Of pay roll envelopes-bear-
ing a message that implied the Gov
eminent was taking a piece out OF
every weekly wage. and that it was
doubtful If the employe would ever
get any of 1t back-there was con-
Germ at Democratic headquarters.
When from all over the country
there came from indignant and
alarmed work folks these envelopes
showing that they were being dis
tributed by dozens in huge factories
and mefcantile establishments, and
reached the employe with Enclosures
of Republican campaign arguments
and the covert suggestion that 1t
~ Ill ,ke prpSouA1f
that concern became acute. From
thousands of districts came urgent
appeals for a counter ATTACK; and
warnings of the serious effect OF the
drive the leaders were noting. Some
thing had to be done in hurry.
Week to Meet Attack.
Fortunately, We had a week to
meet this attack, and the mails were
flooded with our replies, exposing the
disingeniousness, to put 1t mildly,
of the Republican messages. That
tottering radio budget looked like the
tower of the Alcazar after the bonn
bardment when we paid for all the
time consumed in assuring employees
that the insurance was sound and
that the employer paid his share.
Our counter-propaganda worked
or something else debut the scare
was not over until Chicago news
paper friend polled the workers in
the shops where the pay roll enyel-
opes were most used. The employees
were interviewed as they came OH
shift, and the tally showed that
resentment and not fear was the pre-
vailing sentiment and that they meant
to vote for Roosevelt just the same.
The message conveying the infor-
nation was most welcome, but 1t did
not come in time to head on my
blowing in about $4,000, which ]
did not have, for newspaper adver-
Using.
That last item Is, I think. my one
poignant regret.
Prediction by Farley.
Some wonderment has been ex-
pressed over the perfect accuracy OF
the election forecast made by Chair
man Farley of the Democratic Ma
tional Committee.
In the face of all the straw votes,
he adhered to his declaration that
Gov. Landon would get only two
States-vernont and Maine.
Some Of the attempts TO read the
CONTINUED on Eighth Page.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1936-11-15
Estonia Lack of Iron
Is Blamed on Vikings

NEW YORK R-seeking to ex.
plain the absence of iron in the
meteoric craters of Estonia, DR.. Clyde
Fisher, curator Of the Hayden Plane
tarium here, thinks the metal was
carted OF by the early vikings for
their swords and shields.
AS is well known" he writes In
Natural History. iron was priced by
the vikings; and tt Danes, who were
the founders of this Baltic province
tEstonia), had no iron In their home
country.
In support Of this theory, it is also
known that the Eskimos pounded OF
with tough rocks fragments Of the
Cape York neteorites, which Peary
brought from Greenland, for the pur-
pose Of making knives"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1936-11-15
Liechtenstein, Province of Peace,
Now Is Battling Political Troubles

VADUZ. Liechtenstein (P.-Liech-
tepstein, the fairyland principality
which peacemakers forgot, is having
her troubles.
She lies-all SIS square miles of her
between Switzerland and Austria on
the upper Rhine. In 1866 her army
Of 81 men helped Austria against Italy
and Prussia. Because she was for
gotten in subsequent peace treaties,
she still technically is at war with
both those foes.
Today Liechtenstein is. perhaps, the
last intact remnant of Charlemagne s
Holy Roman Empire.
But membership in the Swiss. Gus
toms Union and centuries-old cultural
relations with Austria mean that re-
Gently heightened political currents
In both those countries have become
strong enough to reach her quiet pas
lures.
Youth Movement Growing.
A youth movement, too, is growing,
and there is conflict between old and
new ideas, anti-Semitisn, nationalisrn,
national socialism, and money
troubles.
These concomitants of modernity
seem strange in Liechtenstein, whose
1880 residents are mainly agricul-
turists much of whose public revenue
comes from postage stamp issues, and
whose capital, vaduz, has no night
telephone service.
The 83-year-old reigning Prince
Francis I-who belongs to one Of Eu-
ropes oldest ruling families-has had
the policy of get along with our
neighbors, but keep out Of their
troubles" The story is told that a
deputation of farmers called on him
and demanded the establishment of a
republic.
Certainly" he is said to have re-
piled, you may have republic. But
remember that under a republic you'll
not get funds from me; you'll have to
pay taxes"
Decided Against Republic.
The farmers thought it over, and
decided they didn't want q republic.
For years the two main parties were
swayed by few outside influences. Now
there are opponents Of Austrian and
Swiss ideas. In addition. a movement
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1936-11-15

We were hard up most of the time.
The radio had to be paid on the nail.
This was doubtless because in the 80
campaign we wound up several hun
bred thousands OF dollars in debt to
the broadcasting chains and were a
long time paying it of. So my fire.
quent job was to confront Treasurer
Forbes Morgan-he with an accusing
finger pointing to the memorable pub
licity balance sheet. which was kept
UP to date with fiendish bookkeeping
assiduity. I had to convince him that
the world would come to an end I'm
less I could have five or ten thousand
more to fire into the air.
Gov. Landon's acceptance speech
put us somewhat on the spot. 1t did
not seem fitting hat the President
should answer it-for he could not
take a defensive attitude. We finally
decided on an hours program in
which q chain of four Democratic
Governors participated, Ginning in,
each from his own State House. This
involved vast amount of telegraphing
and telephoning to insure against
monotony, but the project clicked
perfectly, with each Governor taking
for his text q different angle Of the
Republican nominees speech.
incidentally, except for the Pres
ident's speeches, there were more calls
for copies of that joint address than
any single bit of literature we sent
out. And how much literature did
we send out? I should guess that
100 ,0o0, 900 pamphlets, fy-sheets and
other pieces of paper would be o
modest estimate. go.
I have been asked frequently about
the colored vote. The Negroes had
an efficient organization to get our
stuff into their newspapers. Early
in the campaign had a meeting
with the district leaders Of the seven
Harlem wards, where the greater part
of the New York colored population
lives. I told them that I wanted
their help to get our literature into
the homes.
Promises IS Per Cent.
"Well," said the first of them, "I
viii have the brightest black boy
and the brightest black girl in my
district 60 to every family and leave
your booklets-and I'll promise you
95 per cent Of the vote"
turned to the next leader-and
this episode was q shock to the
Importance had attributed to cam
paign texts-for he said:
1--WE got some pretty smart boys
and girls up there. and, If you wish,
I'll do the same thing and give you
95 per cent. But" he added, II know
that those books cost money and it's
none too plentiful here, 50 you really
dent need send me any-and I
promise you IS per cent anyhow"
incidentally this episode was q suf-
icient answer for me to the tales that
Tammany meant to knife the Presi-
dent in the election.
We started out with the theory that
we had the votes, and that our prob
lem was less to increase what we felt
sure Of than to make certain that we
held on to what we had. That meant
guarding against mistakes rather than
thinking up new schemes Of publicity,
and I think that vetoing publicity
projects was the biggest work Of the
tail end Of the campaign.
Was ! ever scared' I'll say ! was.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1936-11-15

compelled him TO run for Governor
both for his first term and for his
re-election-on New Deal platform.
So it was primary politics to dig up
his gubernatorial speeches. and so.
I believe, we got across the idea that
here was man, who, granting all
his good qualities, either had no
definite views on the great problems
of the time, or was willing to adopt
any position that he, or his advisers,
thought might attract votes. e..
Naturally, his publicity people
sought to avoid comparisons. There
fore they took as their targets
Chairman Farley and Rex Tugwell;
they invoked the communism idea
on the basis of q New York Demo-
cratic elector.
Farley was not constituencies
villain; Tugwell was not Socialist
gone mad. and Dubinsky was not a
Communist, but, If they could get
us arguing on such points, they had
a better chance than if the battle
line remained straight. So Farley
took it on the chin, and we made no
replies to the collateral assaults.
They had the advantage of the
support of a majority of the, big
newspapers, so the stories along that
line got wide publicity. But this
advantage was more apparent than
real. There were 1000 small dailies
and weeklies that took our clip sheets,
printed our cartoons and most of
them used what went out to them
articles that were modestly headed
editorial suggestion"
Use in Rural Papers.
don't know how deeply they were
impressed by the matter of these
articles, but I did know that an
overworked country editor welcomes
something that will save him time
and labor, and those editorial sug-
gestions had wide circulation. Even
hostile newspapers gave them space
often under such headlines as: This
is the kind of rot the Democrats want
you to believe"
Then we had an even break on the
radio, with the best radio voice in
the world, which. added to the pres
tige of the presidency, his gift Of
phrases and the quality Of his
speeches. insured him audiences larger
than even the opposing candidate
could hope for. have sometimes
thought-and have my, doubts even
now-that we might have dispensed
with all radio speeches and programs
except those Of the President without
diminishing the majority that elected
him. However, 1t was up to US to take
nothing for granted.
So doubtless we spent q lot more
money than was necessary. In view OF
the outcome. But the President could
not very well praise himself or boast
of what he had done in his high ONCE,
so the cabinet officers, the Senators
and Representatives and other orators
had to have their share Of radio time.
Toward the end the problem was
not whom we could get to speak b,f
whom we could keep on the air with
out afironting these important party
figures, and with some respect Tor our
relatively small budget. AT that we
spent about $4,000 more than the
publicity's radio allowance Of $500, 600.
It q Ut such times that the publicity
man has to become . diplomat.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1936-11-15
Everlasting Flowers"
Are Boon to Farmers

MONTANA. Calf. tP.-Farmers Of
this little coastal area have found a
unique answer to agricultural prob
lens in the raising of everlasting
flowers"
Every night trucks lumber out of
the peat lands here, once devoted al
most exclusively to artichokes, bear
ing cargoes of small chrysanthe-
mum that never willis.
There is only brief three-month
season in the Fall but during that
period about 100000 flowers are
exported. Most Of the sales are in
the East.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1936-11-15
BY CHARLES NICHOLSON.

agency, contrary, perhaps, to
the general impression, is
u neither inspirational nor deeply
subtle. It Is wholly opportunistic,
hence no all-embracing rules can be
laid down, for every campaign pre-
sents q different front, and that front
is likely to change from day to day.
In the recent campaign. for ex-
ample, my department of the Demo-
cratic organization began with the
theory that the correct strategy
dating from the convention at Phila-
delphia-was to insure, if possible,
that the then unnamed candidate of
the opposition should not be built
UP to an inspiring figure.
It was simple, by the processes Of
elimination. to determine that Gov.
Landon of Kansas would be the
Republican choice. With q party so
divided between liberal thought in the
West and conservatism in the East,
and the necessity of presenting q
candidate who might appeal tor,
at least, would not antagonize-either
Oh bllCCC tWo CACllICkAVcs- xSoA aAA
was eliminated, Col. Knox had neither
political background nor popular fol-
lowing, ex-president Hoover would not
do, for obvious reasons. So it must
be the Governor Of "a typical prairie
State"
Denies Phrase Satirical.
That phrase, by the way, was
anything but satirical or invidious.
It had no more of derogation than
would have been a preference to
typical mountain State, or a charac-
teristic New England State. When
Chairman Farley of our National
Committee, used it, however, he was
assailed as sneering at Kansas and
the whole farm area. The innocent
phrase was distorted. transferred and
lifted out Of its context.
This explanation could have been
made then, of course. but to have
done 50 would have involved us in a
side controversy and have spoiled our
plan of keeping, rs the one issue Of
the campaign, the relative fitness OF
President Roosevelt and Gov. Landon
to handle the big national and inter-
national questions that must be faced
by the man In the White House.
Really, the publicity battle of the
campaign was q succession of efforts
to defect the struggle into side issues,
and, on our part, TO keep the line
close to the vital question on which
we wanted the electorate to vote.
This was, 1t seems to me, intelligent
strategy on the part Of my Immediate
opponents. We had presented, accord
ing to our ability. the inexperience
OF the Republican candidate for the
Presidency. $50.
The exigencies It politics had
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1936-11-15

The inside story Of Democratic
campaign strategy. ,Dhich resulted
in a record breaking landslide Uote
for President Roosevelt, is told here
by ,pell-knoDn editor and Driter
pho has been publicity director for
the Democratic National Commit
tee since 1929. He has been credited
Uith ,Dritino many OF the speeches
made by Democratic leaders during
the campaign. He ,oas formerly
Washington correspondent OF the
NeD York World.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1936-11-15

AS0DOA OuO1AA AA@NC u "a"
Labor has large part in the prep
aration Of a tariff bill In Congress,
and, it Is felt, it should also be rep
resented in the work Of modifying
tariffs.
In expanding the reciprocity pro-
gram the principle Of chief supplier."
whereby reductions are confined as
much as possible to those countries
which lead in supplying a particular
commodity to this country, might well
be modified to permit reductions to
secondary suppliers in cases where an
agreement Is impossible with the chief
supplier
This would widen measurably the
range of possibility for negotiations
with countries which otherwise might
be eliminated because they are not
chief suppliers Of any commodities to
the United States. although they may
offer good prospects for enhanced
American exports.
La gaceta., 1936-02-18

consideramos que ell celibe es
un papel importance y cumple
una mission en- la sociedad.
En- primer lugar, y acaso no
sea 6sta su function menps trans
cendental, Ocupa sitio prefe-
rente en- las listas de sOciedad.
Hallanse siempre a la DISPOSE
ci6n de las damas or~ganizado-
ras de fiestas sociales y benefit
cas-. Siempre esta disponible
para hacer ell cuarta en- ell
bridge o para oOmprar los Glti-
mos billetes de la t6mbola, pOr-
que no tiene nj la impedimen-
ia de una esposa delicada o sim
plemente celosa, que lie excusan
de contribuir a las obraS de Ca
ridad.
Sin embargo, 10 de que no
|tiene familia es una de las tan
tas leyendas q. sObre 81 pesan,
Porque sabido es que a quien
Dios no da hijos, ell diable da
sobrinos iy parientes! TOdas
las hermanas y hermanos Sc
La gaceta., 1936-02-18

Green con derecho a meter ma
no a su bolsillo. Aquellas consi-
deran POGO menos que obligato-
rio que ell hermaHo soltero cos
tee la carrera de su milo o que
pague ell trosseGu de su hija. Y
estos Green que e ell llamado a
pagarles la hipoteca de la casa o
una letra que esta por veneer.
Els algo asi como ell ~prestamR-
ta-Aunque sin cobrar interes
Y a menudo Obtener la devolu-
ci6n-de toda la p%arentela. Y
TODD clio por la raz6n unica de
ser soltero.
Ash pues, al fin y a la postre,
ell soltero resulta ser la vfctima
de la familia y de la sociedad.
Y por 81 fuera POGO, 10 es ahOra
de los GObiernOs, que han dado
en- la moda de gravar su llber-
tad.
La gaceta., 1936-02-18

Por 10 que a los demas hom-
bres respecta, acaso la reaccion
que semejante actitud egoista
despierta sea de envidia. Ell ce-
'libe ha sido mas astuto; no Sc
ha dejado coger en- las redes del
amor, ha sabido escapar a las
restricciones que consigo lleva
ell matrimonio; librarse de la
pesada carga de Una familia...
Y de rencor tambien, cuando lie
contemplan gastar Ell dinero
en- diversiOnes Y capricnoS,
mientras que a ellos no les al
CANA nj para cigarrillos ,por-
que 81 no son las a~misdalas de
la mayorcita, es la denticion del
pequenin o una nueva bendi-
ci6n que Dios dispense a la es-
posa, 10 que Sc lleva todos los
ingresos. Y asi Sc vengan los
padres de familia del infeliz los
tero ,vptando ell impuesto sobre
ell celibato, que es como poner
grilletes a la libertad del celibe.
Tambien las mu6eres tienen
declarada la guerra al solteron;
pero sus motives son diferen-
ties, como tambien es distinta la
tactica que emplean para com
batirle. Consideran estas que el
hombre, por ell hecho de resis-
tirse al m%atrimonio, priva a
una mujer de su mas sagrada
mission en- ell mundo, como es la
de ser esposa y madre.
Su plan de ataque consiste en-
tenderle una celada ltras otra,
para que caiga en- ell matrimo-
MO. Hay algo en- ell hOmbre sol
tero que aqua los instintos ca
samenteros de toda mujer y lie
hace poner en- juego toda su as
lucia para cazarlo. En- cambio,
jamas Sc da ell case de que pom
ga ningGn empeno en- casar a
una solterona.
En- honor a la justicia, veni-
mos aqui a poner nuestra plu-
ma en- servicio y defensa del
perseguido y acosado solter6n.
Contra la opinion general,
La gaceta., 1936-02-18
UN NUEVO AVON DE LA
PAN AMERICAN PARA LA
RUTA DEL

Listo para salir hacia Sur
America y adentrarse en- ell CO.
raz6n del vasto Continnete, Sc
halla en- Miami ell primer avi6n
anfibio Fairchild de alta velo-
cidad, que Sc internara 1000
millas en- ell rio Amazonas arri-
ba, desde Para, y 5000 millas
desde New York. Disenado es-
pecialmente para cubrir rutas
en- los grandes rios, como ell
Amazonas, en- Sur America, O
ell Yangtse, en- China, ell peque
no Clipper ACADIA de terminar
una gran serie de pruebas en-
la planta de Fairchild, en- Ma
ryland.
En- esa prueba este anfibio
marco I'm record de alta velo-
cidad a raz6n de 1872 millas
por bora. Usando solamente ell
IA por ciento de su cahallaje
la velocidad de crucero es de
154 millas por bora. A esa We
locidad puede transporter ocho
pasajeros, dos tripulantes, y
1000 libras de correo y EXPIRE
so, con I'm radio de acci6n de
$50 millas.
Este avi6n es TODD de metal,
tipo monoplano, de alas atlas,
con dos poderosos motores
Pratt A Whitney Hornet" de
$50 caballos de fuerza. La ca
bina esta dividida en- dos COM
partimientos Separates por una
mampara a prueba de aqua y
su tren de aterrizaje es retrac-
table, introduciendose las rue
das en- las alas.
La gaceta., 1936-02-18
PARA LA MUJER
Un Impuesto a los Solteros

que ell hombre venga a Sacarla
del celibato, va que la tradicion
lie veda dar ell primer paso en-
las cueStiones del amor y, por 10
mismo, declararse y hacer pro-
posiciones matrimoniales a un
hombre. Els esta una prerroga-
tiva MASCULINE.
Por tanto, toda mujer que
no Sc ha casado eS al Greer de
la genie, porque no tha encon-
trado un hombre que Sc enamo-
re de ella. En- otras palabras:
no tiene Ser-dppeGL. Lo cual,
forzosamente, despierta la COM
passion humana, incluso la de
los Legislatures, que mientras
votan impuestos punitiWs para
ell hombre soltero, Sc compade-
cen de la desgraciada solterona,
relegada al divide por los hom'
bres Y condenada a llevar una
vida de abandono y soledad.
No SOLO es que la Humankind
Sc compadece de la mujer cell
be, sino que, ademas de sentir
cierta ternura hacia ella, la a.
dorna con todas las virtudes de
la generosidad la cOnsidera ca
ritativa y abnegada, con la mi
sion en- la terra de pertenecer
a tOdas las Sociedades benefit
cas- y de REAR luego al CielO por
la salvation del genera humane.
En- Gambia, ell hombre sOlte-
no es mirado como la esencia
del egoismo con todos los de-
mas vicios que a este acompa-
nan. ST no Sc ha cascade es,
pues, pOr no renunciar a su CO
modidad material, por no tener
que cOmpartir sus ingresOs, por
no dar nj amor nj ternura a ma
die.
La gaceta., 1936-02-18

81 1ltimo Estado, tras otros
varios, en- establecer un impues
to sobre ell celibato ha sido ell
de la libre Irlanda.
Cuando un pals Sc We en- un
apuro de dinero Y necesita au-
mentar de algun modo sus in
gresos y no puede estrujar va
mas a las clases trabajadoras,
recurre a La estratagema de gra
var ell "lujO", entendiendo por
lujo aquello que sc lie antOje.
Entire los lujos, ell mas lujoso
de todos, al parecer, en- estos
tiempos, es ell celibato. Ell cell
bato masculine, exclusivamen-
te.
Els algo curioso la diferente
reacci6n que producer ell hon.
bre celibe o la mujer celibe.
Mientras que ell soltero es obje-
to de la abominaci6n general,
la soltera ,por ell %contrariO, deS-
pierta un sentimiento de COM
passion en- ell coraz6n de la gen.
tie.
LacauSa de tan Opuesta acti-
tud hacia ell unO y La otra pro-
viene de la creencia cOm1n de
que ell hOmbre que no sc casa es
porque no quiere, y que 81 no 10
hace es Gnicamente pDr motives
egoistas. En- tanto que la mujer
que no esta casada, 81 no 10 es-
ia es en- contra de su voluntad.
No sc concibe que una mujer
permanezca soltera por gusto.
Y ell origen de seme5ante
creencia acaso pudiera hallarse
en- ell mismo prejuicio que re-
cientemente comentabamOs en-
estas paginas, cuando deciamos
que la mujer ha de esperar a
La gaceta., 1936-02-18
WEAK and SKINNY
MEN, WOMEN
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You simply must try MeCoy's a. ones.
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