davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Imperial Valley press., 1936-07-14
Forester wins
Celebrate First
Anniversary Here

Virginia and Billy Forester, twin
children of Mr.. and Mrs. Elmer For
roster. celebrated the first anniver-
sary of their birth Monday at a
family dinner at the Forester home
A birthday cake graced with one
tiny candle occupied the center OF
attraction on the dinner table. Mr.
and Mrs. George Austin, uncle ano
aunt of the twins, joined the For
rester family in the celebration.
Imperial Valley press., 1936-07-14
Today's Horoscope

Persons born on this day are apt
to be domestic, loving and sympa-
theic. They seldom turn down a
friend who is in need, nor turn
their backs on any real suffering
without doing something to allevi-
ate it.
Imperial Valley press., 1936-07-14

barbered. Immediately clothed and
brimming with smiles. Their psy-
chology is of cheer and it pays.
Some say it's a poor day they cannot
pick up SIS and an average is $40.
They have no prop pack of pencils
or chewing gum. More do they seem
to say: "A tough break but I'm
smiling through"
Imperial Valley press., 1936-07-14
GRAB BAG
One-Minut,e Test

One Minute Test
|. Name the two u. S. senator's
from Michigan.
2. Rio de Janeiro is the capital Of
what country?
3. What is a lapidary?
Imperial Valley press., 1936-07-14
New York Day by Day
By 9. O. Mcintyre

I fans a break. I've always Wlhceo
at snootiness toward fans = for
movie stars are stars because OF
the spaniel-like devotion o1 thoSe
who dog their paths.
90
No state has such a natural ana
free gratis" press agent as IeXaS
in the author, j. Frank Doble. he
knows almost every inch OF the PAM
pas and seems to write of nothing
but Texas and its wonders. Nobody,
I believe, can visit Texas without
catching what is called Texas few
er" No other state, to me, has ltS
brand of breezy but natural cordial
ity. There is an old adage, Texas
is fine for men and dogs but neil
on women and horses" Yet Earl
Carroll tells me that, in all his beau
ty picking the girls from Texas al
WAYS had a way of standing out aus
piciously. And, of course, that most
memorable of the show girl eyetuls,
Jessie Reed, was a native OF san
Antonio. And Ginger Rogers was
once a bright eyed redhead IN a
Texas village.
Beekman Place seems definitely
to have taken its place as Manhat-
tan's most exclusive strip. 1t has
the small town residential coziness
with snow-white lintels, pleasant
stoops, lantern door lights foot
scrapers and such. And it has its
lah- de dah River House apartment
at whose river entrance tenants
may tie up their yachts. Fancy!
From a feature story: Mcintyre
has been married ten years" Ten
years my eye! we've been married
long enough to go on tour.
Imperial Valley press., 1936-07-14
Hints on Etiauette

When visiting friends, don't ask
to use their telephone unless it is
absolutely necessary and never use
it for long distance calls unless you
pay for them.
Imperial Valley press., 1936-07-14
Words of Wisdom

Can there be a more horrible OBJ
ject in existence than an eloquent
man not speaking the truth?-Car
lyle.
Imperial Valley press., 1936-07-14
One-Minute Test Answers

/. Senator James Couzens and
Senator Arthur H Vandenberg.
g. Brazil.
3. One who cuts, engraveS and
polishes stones and gems.
Imperial Valley press., 1936-07-14

at are a shame how radio are keeping persons
from attending at Church." Are what | hearing
lady spoke. "No please" quoth the Minister Radio
are more better for our church because money
arriving to in bigger Jumps. And besides if the
radio sermon listener can falling asleep and cannot
hear him snore =. so it not bother me-" "And every
mail carrier are usher and the gver of five
cents will not feeling cheap because nobody hear
ing it drop the plate "Oh yes Sister radio are
more better" Construe the minister. SO walking
away feeling educated
Thank you please.
Imperial Valley press., 1936-07-14


After General PerShing's annual
cure" at Tucson some weeks ago,
he stopped off in Hollywood where
Hank Wales, former European cor
respondent, took him incognito to
studio On the lot, they visited the
arsenal where the war effects and
military paraphernalia, from field
guns to potato masher grenadeS, are
kept for war sequence in pictures.
The General got wallop out OF the
detailed explanations of brisk and
talkative sprig in charge of the ar
senal who explained with amusing
flourishes war equipment and war
maneuvers. And was full of wrong
saluteS.
Robert Young is reputed to have
been the most agreeable OF the visit
ing handsome movie devils. He bill
leted at the Waldorf and made no
efforts to sift his telephone calls and
talk to only Those Who Mattered.
While in his room, he answered ev-
cry ring with courtesy. He took no
secret elevators-there are two for
such purpoSes-to avoid the auto
graph circles. He permitted them
to surround him and signed them
all. Naturally, he is young in the
game and the constant attacks will
likely wear him down but, at least
in the first lap, he is giving his
Imperial Valley press., 1936-07-14
(SEAL)


20 is 90 3O-Jy 7 IA 81 28-A 4.
Evening star., 1936-09-13

tration. prevention of violation, en-
forcement.
The Customs Patrol, save in a few
instances, is only a picked body of
uniformed men who have had police
or military training. Here and there,
however, in the patrol are to be found
individuals who have had training
and excellent training-above the
physical requirements of their posi-
tions-training along the line Of pre-
vention and enforcement. These men,
at some time or other. came in con-
tact with superior who had . vision
for the service. He gave them in
struction that made them efhcient
administrators of the law. But, by
and large. these men, operating in
small units under 40 different heads,
patroling the land areas between
coastal ports Of the Nation and our
land borders, have been neglected as
Evening star., 1936-09-13
WIDER FARM OWNERSHIP /
HELD BASIC NEED In i. S.
Sections Where Tenancy Is Smallest Are
Most Conservative, Observer Says.
: Cites Dangers in Absentee Control.

, with" So far as Iowa tends toward
radicalism in politics, the reason Is
plain: A farming State in which more
than half the farms are owned by
absentee landlords is not a soundly
organized unit of society.
That this is true, and that some-
thing needs to be done about It, Is
realized in Iowa. One of the most en-
lightened newspapers in America, one
of the most enlightened institutions
of any kind. the Des Moines Register,
printed during July a series of seven
editorials on The Farmer and the
Land" Those editorials we're largely
the inspiration of what Is here written.
Without pushing too far the rela.
tion between farm tenancy and poll
tics, I think statement could be
made which would not be too fantas-
tic. Thus, in 1880, the proportion of
farm tenants in Iowa was not ex-
cessive-23.8 per cent. And in 1880
Iowa was conservative State which
sent able and conservative men to the
Senate.
BY 1910 the proportion Of farm
tenants in Iowa had increased to
37.8 per cent. That was getting
high. And Iowa began to send to
the Senate men who were able but
were very mild radicals, the so-called
Progressive Republicans, Senators
Cummins and Dolliver.
BY 1880 the percentage of farm
tenants in Iowa had grown to 473.
That was too large-and Iowa was
sending Brookhart to the Senate.
BY 1882 the percentage of absentee
landlordship had increased still fur
ther-and Iowa went Democratic the
first time since the Civil War.
Degree Of Tenacy.
1t Is always possible to push a
point too far. And in what I am
about to say. I hope the reader will
| understand there are many qualifica-
tions. Especially are there qualifi-
| cations having to do with the pres
ence or absence Of cities in the vari-
| GUS States.
I can make a list of the States in
which farm tenancy has decreased
since 1880 and is now low. And those
States are the Safes that are most
likely to 90 Republican in the coming
election. They include-I gave the
present percentage of farm tenancy
Evening star., 1936-09-13
BY GASTON NERvAL.

-OR nearly two months now
l. newspaper readers have been
learning, in front-page dis
L patches, of the safe evacuation
of hundreds of United States citizens
from war-torn Spain.
Since the start of the fierce politi-
cal strife, the State Department,
through the embassy in Madrid and
the consulates in various Spanish
cities, demanded all Americans who
did not feel secure under existing con-
ditions to withdraw from the country
and seek refuge in the vessels of the
United States Navy, which had been
directed for that purpose to the Span
ish coast.
Almost daily, the reports Of the
evacuation have been coming regu-
larly, telling q story of order. pre-
caution and safety where there could
have been one Of constant danger.
abuse and possible tragedy, involving
grave international complications.
Confirms Change in Policy.
This Is, from the viewpoint Of inter-
national relations, one Of the most
novel and impressive developments
in the Spanish crisis, for it definitely
confirms q change in the foreign poll
cies of. the State Department equally
as important as that with reference
to nom interference, which we dis
cussed in q previous article.
It was only few years ago, as
students of inter-American relations
will remember, that the United States
Government was insisting energeti-
cally upon its right to protect by
force its nationals abroad, even If this
meant the landing of Marines on
foreign shores and their becoming
embroiled in the domestic quarrels
of other countries. Not only the lives,
but the property as well, Of United
States citizens endangered by inter-
nal disturbances In some Of the Carib-
bean nations were being assured the
protection of the armed forces Of
this country.
President Coolidge had proclaimed
his famous theory of unlimited pro-
lection, asserting that "the persoh
and property Of q citizen are a part
of the general domain Of the Ma
ton. even when abroad" The State
Department, through one of its high
est officers, Reuben Clark, had
admitted: mo nation, it would seem,
has with more frequency than has
this Government used its military
forces for the purpose Of occupying
temporarily parts of foreign countries
in order to secure adequate protec-
ton for its citizens and their prop
erty." :.
Traditional Attitude.
With little deviation, under Re-
publican and Democratic admins
trations alike, that had been the al
most traditional attitude Of the WASH
ington statesmen, at least when the
country where protection was al
legged to be needed happened to be
one Of the smaller Latin American
republics. One Chief Executive Of
the United States, Theodore Roose-
welt, Of ''big stick" fame, had even
gone 30 far as to claim that the
armed forces Of this country should
afford projection. IN periods Of civil
Evening star., 1936-09-13
WV Premier Objected.

Pointed bonnets, the style IN the
'8Os, recalls the evaporation felt by
Britain's premier when his Queen re-
ceived important visitors from the
East wearing the latest style bonnet.
1.-THE symbol that unites this empire" !"
he protests fretfully to friend, lis
a crown and not bonnet"
Evening star., 1936-09-13
CANADA DECISIONS BLOCK
NEW DEAL LAWS AS In y. S.
Strain and Stress of Social and Eco.
nomic Change in Dominion Present
Striking Parallel to Conditions Here

EldtlVe authority over the criminal
law. To the provinces it gives con-
troll. among other local matters, of
property and civil rights in the
province"-a power which technically
is wide enough to cover nearly all
legislation outside Of pure criminal
law.
1t Is apparent that the powers of
the federal Parliament are broader,
and yet the courts have made the
specified provincial control over prop
erty and civil rights the effective
residuary clause Of the constitution.
They have relegated the residuary
powers of the Dominion to q reserve
position for use only In national
emergencies, such as war. They up
held legislation fixing prices and con-
trolling industries during the World
War as being necessary for the ma
tional safety, even if it encroached
upon provincial jurisdiction. But In
the absence of national emergency
the whole field of social legislation
and the regulation of economic activ-
ity in general have been held to fall
within the jurisdiction of the prov
inces. This jurisdiction has been de-
clared to extend even to trade and
commerce in so far as local trade
within a province is concerned.
Constitutional Background.
1t was against this constitutional
background-and under the impetus
OF President Roosevelt's measures
that the Dominion Parliament. en-
acted the new deal legislation pro-
posed by the Bennett government.
Mr.. Bennett, like Mr.. Roosevelt, pro-
ceeded rapidly and rather spectacu-
larly. In support Of some of his social
measures he relied upon the hitherto
neglected federal power to perform
the obligations arising under treaties.
He attempted to leap the hurdle Of
provincial Jurisdiction over property
and civil rights" by calling upon Par
Lament to ratify conventions of the
International Labor Office and then
proposing legislation to carry out the
newly assumed obligations, In sup
port Of other measures he asserted
the broad federal powers over trade
and commerce, taxation, crime and
residual matters.
The validity of the legislation was
questioned. Accordingly, following
MIR. Bennett's defeat in 1885, the
government Of Mackenzie King re-
ferred the legislation to the Su-
preme Court. The court has now
spoken.
Broadly speaking. 1t dealt with two
classes Of legislation, the one regulat-
ing economic activity and the other
enacting social reform. In the former
class was the most radical Of Canada's
new deal measures, the natural prod
ucts marketing act-an agricultural N.
r. A. It established q Dominion
Board and authorized groups Of pro-
ducers in any particular district to set
up local board with powers to license
such producers, to regulate the mar
keting Of their product, and the quail
ity and quantity to be marketed. and
with power to prohibit the marketing
Of any regulated product. Provided .
certain majority Of the producers
CONTINUED on Nshth Pase.)
Evening star., 1936-09-13

The generalization is true in place
and in time. Where farm tenancy IS
small, radicalism in politics is slight.
When farm tenancy increases radical
ISM in politics increases. As the
Des Moines Register puts it:
"A better brake on too-impetuous
action than the Supreme Court or any
other device Of government Is the
preservation of a relatively individual
ist farm-owning population of actual
farmers. 1t is far better guarantor
of the rights of man 1t is the citi-
zen whose life revolves about per-
manent establishment called home to
whom the concept of an ordinary
mans house as his inviolable castls
really has meaning. The farmer (who
owns his farm will pull with us; 1t Is
in line with his instinct. -. eve must
work. conserving the kind of rural
population which would continue to
make for social stability and for the
workability Of self-government."
Ways to Remedy Situation.
How to reduce the quantity of farm
tenancy, of absentee landlordship; how
to increase the number of farmers who
own the acres that they plough? 1t has
been done in other countries. In Ire
land the government bought the land
from the landlords and sold it in small
lots to farmers. with payments spread
over a long series of years, and at q
very low rate of interest.
Something might be accomplished
through voluntary action by absentee
land owners. Prof. Schulz of Iowa
State College points out that the
equivalent of II of Iowa's 80 counties
is owned by corporations in Other
States. I presume many of these ABB
sentee owners are insurance companies
which have taken over the farms by
foreclosure of mortgages. Presumably
the insurance companies would prefer
not to hold the land permanently.
They might help themselves and make
a contribution toward keeping America
stable if they would offer those farms
for sale at a price. and keep lowering
the price until they find farmers able
and willing to buy.
(Copyright. 193o.)
Evening star., 1936-09-13
Towns Two Doctors Ill.

GREENVILLE, Mo. LP).-For the
first time in its lit years this town
of TOO found itself without the serv-
ices of q resident physician. Both
doctors were i'll and in a hospital.
The same day they became Ill two new
business establishments located here
both undertakers.
Evening star., 1936-09-13
BY H. CARL GOLDENBERG,


)ANADA'S new deal has at last
reached the courts, and has
met with but a little more
kindly fate than that, of its
American predecessor. In small part
it has been maintained; in larger part
it has been invalidated, and the re-
mainder is still in a state of indecision.
The end is not yet, but thus far the
situation presents interesting paral-
lels to that of the United States.
The strain and stress of social and
economic change have subjected all
federal constitutions to severe tests in
recent years-and both Canada and
the United States are federal systems.
In each the powers of government are
distributed between the federal and
the State or provincial authorities, and
the courts are frequently called upon
to delimit their respective jurisdic-
tions. In each the courts may invali-
date legislation enacted by any unit OF
government in excess of its powers
And yet in both countries the increas-
ing complexity OF economic develop
ment transcends State and provincial
boundaries and calls for more uniform
legislation on a national scale.
The resultant difficulties are greater
in the United States than in Canada
The American Constitution is almost
a hundred years older, and formally
guarantees certain basic liberties, in
cluding freedom Of speech, press and
religion. It provides also that no per-
son is to "be deprived Of life, liberty
or property without due process OF
law" Acts of Congress and Of the
State Legislatures, including much
social legislation, have at various
times been invalidated as infringe
ments upon the liberty or property
rights OF the citizens.
Measures Invalidated.
This view contributed to the recent
invalidation of some Federal New Deal
measures, Of the railroad retirement
act and the New York State minimum
wage law by the United State Supreme
Court. In effect, there are certain
matters beyond the competence Of
both Congress and the State Legis-
latures.
There is no such problem in Canada.
It's constitution, the British North
America act, became law in 1867. 1t
contains no formal guarantees of lib
critics of the subject or of rights of
property or of freedom of contract.
The due process" clause does not exist
nor are there any residuary powers re-
served to the people. The Dominion
Parliament and the provincial legis-
latures may, between them, generally
speaking, legislate on all matters with
In Canada. All is within their compe-
tence. Difficulties arise only from con-
flicts Of Jurisdiction.
The Canadian constitution confers
upon the Dominion Parliament the
power to legislate "for the peace, Or
der and good government Of Canada"
in relation TO all matters not as
signed to the provincial Legislatures
and, among other broad powers, "the
regulation Of trade and commerce,
"the raising Of money by any mode or
system Of TAXATION" md exclusive leg
Evening star., 1936-09-13

missioner German. German is also
head of the customs agents of the
Customs Service, that secret body Of
men at home and abroad whose duty
it is to investigate fraud. smuggling.
differentiation and other violations
of the customs law.
Thus, under one man In Washington,
becomes centered the investigative
agents of customs and the enforcement
agents. The net result, anticipated, is
administrative efficiency. a co-ordi-
mated customs machine for the detec-
ton and apprehension of smugglers
and other customs law violators.
In addition. for the forthcoming
battle against boder smuggling, a
school for instruction of border patrol
men has been set up in customs. This
school. conducted by q special agent
of the bureau, covers instruction in
every phase of customs law-adminis-
Evening star., 1936-09-13

CONTRABAND LIQUOR BE.
ING UNLOADED AT A FED.
ERAL DOCK BY CUSTOMS EN-.
PLOYES.
to instruction in the law they served
and uniformity in its application.
The training laid out for these
border patrol men Is an intensive one.
1t is divided into two parts: O educa-
tional, through the school in WASH
ington: t2) practical, through train
ing on the ground by experts.
In this school training all customs
law has been divided into 40 different
parts-40 different subjects Of major
character. These range from the
entry Of vessels to the liquidation of
interest. These subjects are material
for lesson papers with accompanying
quizzes. For example, enforcement:
There are four or five papers on this
subject, covering every phase of en-
forcement of the law and protection
of the revenue.
Ora0uate Is Expert IN Law.
These lessons are sent out by the
school officials" in Washington to all
border patrol men, and others. A
given length of time is allowed for
study, after which follows the quiz.
Each quiz paper is graded and record
made of the grades. A graduate
patrol man thus becomes an expert
in customs law procedure and enforce
ment.
The removal Of the patrol from the
jurisdiction of the collectors and the
placing of them under the jurisdiction
OF deputy commissioner in Wash
ington is but one more step In the
reorganization Of the law enforcement
personnel Of the Treasury Department
Continued on Eighth Page.)
Evening star., 1936-09-13
New and Ancient Nix,

The great steel works ct Hanyang,
China, is q strange mixture Of Chinese
progressiveness and superstition. When
constructed it contained what was for
that time the latest and best ma
chinery, yet It was located at the di.
rection of OWNERS, and distant from
more suitable places.
Evening star., 1936-09-13
Freud Amazed at u. S. Courtesy

To understand fully the position
of the cultured and highly educated
Jew in Europe, even before Nazi Ger
many days, listen to the surprise ex-
pressed by Sigmund Freud, the famed
Vienna physician professor, when he
visited the United States. Why" he
says, Gin Europe felt like an out
law, but here I found myself looked
upon as an equal by the finest peo-
ple!" He actually could not believe
his eyes and ears when he came here
for in this queer country he vas
body Stunned him, or spat when he
passed!