davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1936-04-28
Stock Averages
BY VICTOR EUBANK,
Associated Press Financial Writer.

NEW YORK, April 28-There were
selective recoveries of fractions TO 2
points or more in today's stock mar.
ket, but many of the recent leaders
again were in retreat.
Scattered rails and Specialties gave
the best performance. while the steels
motors and coppers were slow to rally
The close was irregular Transfer;
were around 2,250,000 shares.
The days proceedings we're marked
by sharp morning sell-off that put
the ticker tape several minutes be.
hind floor transactions for awhile.
There we're intermittent decline,
and upturns, with the latter occurring
on relatively small volumes.
The news picture was, on the whole
little changed. Sears, Roebuck an.
nounced the company's sales from
March q to April % we're the best
for this period in its history.
Among the better-a acting stocks vert
Douglas Aircraft. Johns -Manville
Loew's, Northern Pacific, New YORK
Central, Southern Pacific and Della.
ware g. Hudson.
United States Steel and Genera
Motors dropped about 2 points each
at one time, but came back near tn,
finish. Laggard shares includec
Bethlehem, National Steel. Americar
Telephone. Case, Kennecott. Interna.
Jional Nickel and Anaconda.
Bonds and commodities were mixed
The dollar held to a narrow range
in foreign currency dealings.
Evening star., 1936-04-28
Chicago Grain
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
CHICAGO, April 2S.-Helped BY
purchases for milling account both
here and at Kansas City. wheat tendes
upward today, sharply in contrast with
yesterdays dive to lower levels.
General disinclination to take thu
selling side of wheat after yesterdays
sudden setbacks of prices was mani.
fest. Some reports received toda,
stated that crops in parts of tho
Southwestern dry area were past re-
demption.
Wheat closed firm, at the same a:
yesterdays finish to l cent higher
May, $685.; July. S7ls-'l. Corr
unchanged to 3 up; May, 622s-1s
Oats unchanged to 4 of, and pro.
visions Z to 35 cents down.
Evening star., 1936-04-28

4 Holland Furnace Co-March quar-
efsr deficit was t1ss.o32.
Evening star., 1936-04-28
New Ordeans Prices.
Liverpool Quotations.

LIVERPOOL April IS lP.-Cotton
in fair demand; prices s points lower
quotations. in pence: American stric
good middling -. good middling. 6.a7
Low middling as: low middling 6.O7
strict good ordinary 5.s7: good ordinary
May. 6.i4: July ; 96: october 5 R:,: De.
cember sos: January, sos; March, 5.55
Evening star., 1936-04-28
COttOnSeed Oil.

Bleachable cottonseed oil futures
closed easy. May. 9.13; July 9l5B;
September, 915; October. s91B. Salei
148 contracts including 4 switches
Bid,
Evening star., 1936-04-28
Chicago Cash Market.

Wheat. No. red. 9s12; corn. No,
3, mixed, 62-62l2; No. 4. mixed, so:
No. 2, yellow, 64A-12; No. 3, yellow.
62A-64; No. 4, yellow, 60-611a; No. 5.
yellow, $3.50; No. 2, white, 66l2-24;
No. 8, white, 65-6512; No. 4, white.
64; No. white $780,: sample grade,
2s12-57: oats. No. 3. white, 26l2-29h;
No. 4, white, 25-25H; sample grade.
25A -261a: no rye: soy beans. track.
Chicago, No. 2. yellow. IS. nominal;
No. 4, yellow, 1872; sample yellow,
73h-75; barley, actual, S5-8S; feed.
35-48, nominal; mailing. 1898, nomi-
nal; timothy seed, 2.70-2.85 cwt;
clover seed, l475-2225 cwt.
Evening star., 1936-04-28
New York Cotton
By the Associated Press.

bN IIIb hSSOtIdICU PIeSS.
NEW YORK, April 2s.-Cotton wa,
lower today under near month liquida.
ton and increased selling of later de.
liveries promoted by reports of addi.
tional rains in Oklahoma and Texai
and the continued unsettlement of tn,
stock market.
July sold off 10 1l05 with the mid.
afternoon market showing net lossei
of about to 10 points
FUfnYeS rl0Sed gaR lamar
Evening star., 1936-04-28

Continued on Seventeenth Page)
Evening star., 1936-04-28
Liverpool Grain Prices.
SALES SET RECORD.

CHICAGO. April 20 R.-Sears,
Roebuck 81 Co. reported today sales
of the third period totaled s36,o34,l57.
the largest third period business in
the mail order company's history.
Montana labor news., 1936-02-20
A WISE RULING

Employers who have been trying to chisel
wages by propaganda designed to compel WPA
workers to accept private jobs at wage rates
lower than the already too low WPA subsistence
wages have been given what is hoped will be a
permanent knockout in the decision by Harry
L. Hopkins, Works Progress Administrator, that
persons working on WPA projects need not ac-
cept private employment at starvation wages.
The question received publicity in a statement
by Major Wilfred E. Boughton, head of the
WPA Industrial Employment Bureau in New
York City, that he encountered much difficulty
in inducing WPA workers and home relief cases
to accept private employment because in many
instances wages offered by private employers are
lower than the payment for work relief.
Mr.. Hopkins met this chiseling scheme with
the plain ruling that State and local administra-
tors need not order men off the WPA rolls I'M
less the private employment offered full-time
Jobs at a STANDARD or going rate of wages and
do not conflict with established union relation
ships"
This edict hits the nail squarely on the head.
The WPA relief worker cannot be compelled to
take work in a unionized trade at wages below
the union scale for that trade. He cannot be
compelled to accept a job at less than the pre-
vailing wage rate. He cannot be compelled to
accept a job at sweatshop wages. He cannot be
compelled to take a job as a strikebreaker.
In short, the WPA worker has won a measure
Of liberty. Of course it isn't the liberty which
the transformers of the American Liberty
League advocate. But it is the liberty to reject
a form of private economic serfdom.
Montana labor news., 1936-02-20

dents Harding, Coolidge, and Hoover the govern
ment was consistently committed to a policy OF
tax reduction for the benefit of the wealthy.
Under the leadership Of Sec. Mellon the taxes on
great wealth and huge fortunes were consis-
tently reduced. The same man who, as secre-
tary Of the treasury, SO violently opposed every
move toward the payment of the soldiers bonus
on the grounds that it would unbalance the bud
get was thus pushing forward a policy of tax re-
duotion which would have virtually the same ef-
feet, but the beneficiaries of the two policies
we're not the same. The veteran was sacrificed
in favor of wealth.
The government should have accorded its sol
diers fair economic treatment during the war,
but failing in that it should have paid the bonus
after the Armistice and promptly compensated
them for the injury they suffered. The obliga-
ton was due Immediately after the service was
rendered. The government b~elatedly recognized
the obligation in 1924 but insisted that the pay
ment should be postponed until 1945. Many vet
Grams were justified in calling this a tombstone
bonus"
1t is too late to hedge on the costs of the last
war. They should have been considered before
we entered it, for once a war is fought it must be
paid for. Bonuses and pensions are a part OF the
cost of war. The time to decide whether those
costs are to be paid or not is before we go to war,
not afterward.
A few years ago Y per cent of our regular
national expenditures went for the payment for
past wars and the preparation for future wars.
Those who are opposed to the payment Of the
bonus can make better use of their energy by
et,DDort3pr y radt,ctiOn Of COcflv ornaments thR
adoption of a strict neutrality statute, and legis-
lation to take the profit out of war instead Of
advocating the reputation of Our existing obi
cations at the expense of the World war veteran
who has already done his part.
Montana labor news., 1936-02-20
THE BONUS is DESERVED
Gan Editorial by Sen. Robert NJ. LaFollette, Jr.,

The day the United States entered the World
war, it undertook a serious obligation to the sol
diers who were called into the service. The gov
eminent required nearly four million boys to give
up their places at home and help fight the war,
and they were assured that their service would
not be forgotten.
The sacrifice those American soldiers were
asked to make cannot be estimated. Many Of
them left their families never to return. Others
came back manned and incapacitated for a useful
life.
They not only made a physical sacrifice; they
made an economic one as we'll. While profiteers
were coming fortunes at home with the help OF
wartime prices, while the jobs these soldiers lett
behind were paying others the full measure OF
wartime wages, and while business and agricul-
ture were both sharing in the prosperity" Of the
war, they were serving their country for $50 a
month.
The last war is now almost 20 years behind us,
and many people are prone to overlook the cir
cumstances on which the governments obliga-
tions to the veterans are based. 1t has always
been my contention that once the government
resorted to the plenary power of drafting men
for service in a foreign war, it became respon-
sible not only for the physical consequences to
the men indicted into service but also for their
economic handicap upon their return to civil life.
This policy was recognized in the promises made
to the veterans that nothing would be too good
for them when they came back"
The American people were morally obligated
to share the burden of the war among them as
equally as possible, and the government was like
wise obligated to do everything in its power to
discharge this responsibility. But within three
days after the first American draft contingent
departed for France the u. S. Senate in the pro-
fessed interest of the federal budget killed a pro-
posal to increase the pay of soldiers at the front
to So a day. Yet the same Senate consistently
refused to act in the interests of the budget when
it came to the question of taxing var profits and
putting the war on a "pay-as-you-go" basis.
The bonus is a belated attempt to compensate
the veteran for the economic discrimination he
suffered during the period of his war service.
Unfortunately the damage he sustained is prob
ably now far beyond any practical hope of full
compensation. The settlement outlined in the
Adjusted Compensation act of 1924 is no measure
of it; it is only a recognition of the obligation
and an attempt to meet it in part.
Since the question was first raised after the
war the bonus has always been opposed by those
who condemned it as a threat to the national
budget and the credit of the government. How
ever, throughout the administrations of Presi-
Montana labor news., 1936-02-20

Subway motto: The public be jam
Montana labor news., 1936-02-20
THE UNTCAMERAL
SYSTEM
By w. J. PRIEST

Regardless of comment made on the
the floor and in the halls of the court
house at Deer Lodge that the A C. M.
and the Montana Power favored a
Unicameral Legislature in Montana,
correspondence with Senator Norris
office proves the opposite to be true
in Nebraska. I am advised that a sum
of a quarter of a million dollars was
available to defeat this legislation. To
offset this fund and propaganda Sena-
tor Norris devoted all his time and per
sonal resources to put this unicameral
legislature into effect in the state OF
Nebraska. The redistrict OF the state
of Nebraska to provide a unicameral or
one house legislature instead OF the
bicameral or two house body which
has existed since the establishment OF
the state brings to light the interesting
fact that the state of Queensland, Aus
mtralia, controlled by the organized la
Dor movement was the first country in
recent modern times to establish the
~unicameral parliamentary system.
When the trade union movement sec
ured control of the Queensland Gov
eminent shortly after the outbreak OF
the World War, the legislature con-
sisted Of two houses. By a majority in
the lower house organized labor won
the right to initiate Legislation and ad-
minister the laws, 1t was handicapped,
however, by an upper house consisting
largely of anti-labor conservatives ap-
pointed either for life or for a long
term of years.
The Queensland Labor Government
finds that the unicameral parliment is
an efficient system for enacting legis-
%lation.
All political groups have representa-
ton in the parliment according to their
strength at the polls. Bills are dis
cussed and final decision reached by
representatives directly elected by citi-
zens to whom they must return for ap-
proval.
There is no jangling between two
houses, no dead locks Of conference
committees because these two things dc
not exist. When a bill is passed by
the one-house parliment it is the law
OF the land.
Senator George w. Norris, who is
responsible for the adoption OF the uni
cameral system in Nebraska, believes il
= will be as efficient in the state as ex-
. p%erience has shown it to be in Queens
: land. Senator Norris has proven the
greatest friend labor has ever had il
the Senate of the United States, anC
therefore beg you gentlemen to bring
in a report favoring a unicameral leg
stature in the State of Montana.
All the provinces in Canada with tn,
exception of one, have the Unicamera
Systematic, New Zealand.
The PHILIPPINE Government have als'
installed the Unicameral System instea'
of a Bi-Cameral as used in Montana
ITO Be Continued Next Week.
Montana labor news., 1936-02-20
ORGANIZED LABOR TO
SUPPORT INDICTED N.
DAKOTA FARMERS

FORTUNA, N. D.-The Defence
Mass Meeting at the Crosby Court
house December 23rd, called by a vol
untary committee in behalf of the de-
tense Of the Westby Holiday farmers
recently indicted by the Federal Grand
Jury at Minot for giving a penny sale
to the notorious Minot Credit Corpora
ton at the Victor Nelson farm near
Westby in the fall OF 1888, was attended
by a throng OF farmers from all parts
of Divide County who packed the
courtroom and corridors of the Court
house while hundreds were turned
away.
The defendants are Ed Ferguson
Victor Nelson, Alfred Helm and Vic
tor Bodine of Westby, Eric Olson OF
Comertown, Mont; Simon Swanson OF
Plentywood, Mont, and Hans Ander-
son Of Archer, Mont.
The mass meeting emphatically de-
cided that these farmers indicted on {
federal charge of ~"defrauding the
United States Government" must bt
defended to the last ditch, both legally
and morally, that their fight is GU
fight, that they must be entirely free'
of all criminal charges against them
which charges were brought for tn
purpose of intimidating farmer
everywhere so that the bl~ood-suckin
institutions of legalized fraud, like tn
infamous Minot Credit Corporation, ca
start another foreclosure drive, snothe
drive of forced sales and evictions, an
other collective drive for the banker
under the protection of the law, takin
the food and clothing and shelter fror
the mortgage ridden farmers and thei
wives and children. The whole crow
agreed that the defendants deserv
praise rather than persecution, tina
they did nothing but what all of L
should do in these times wher the
defended a fellow farmers huma
Montana labor news., 1936-02-20

The Anaconda Copper Company was
as usual the producer of rs per cent
and upwards of the silver in Montana;
the increase of its silver output in 1885
from its copper and lead-zinc properties
at Butte represented two-thirds OF the
state increase from 4,0O6,46S ounces in
1884 to 100000 ounces in 1885. Sub
s%tantial increases in silver production
were also made at the Trout, Emma,
Flathead, Comet, Quartz Hill and
Granite Bimetallic properties. The out
put Of these properties and the Ana
conda Copper Company represented
20 per cent OF the state silver total
Montana labor news., 1936-02-20

right against the plundering machina-
tions OF the Minot Credit Corporation.
The meeting was addressed by ex-
Governor William LANCER and Senator
Charles E. Taylor, editor Of the Pro-
ducers News at Plentywood Montana,
LANCER and Taylor were introduced
by Chairman Olaf Braatelien, a promi-
nent local attorney, who reviewed the
history of the case and told the pur-
pose of the meeting.
Senator Taylor said that the persecu-
lion Of these indicted farmers is the per-
~secution of every poor farmer in Divide
County as we'll as in the whole nation,
who fights for the right of the farmers
and workers to live. Their fight is
OUR fight" said Taylor, and called
upon the farmers to organize for and
raise the necessary money for defense
as there is no time to lose, for the
trial may be called shortly after New
Years. Taylor pledged the full sup
port Of the Producers News, official
organ Of the Farmers Holiday Associa-
ton of Montana, in support Of the de-
Tense.
Next on the program introduced by
Chairman Braatelien was Mr.. Hahn Of
Minot, vice-president OF the North Da-
kota Federation of Labor, who pledged
the solidarity of organized labor fol
the defense of these farmers and urgeC
all farmers to rally to the defense O
their indicted fellow farmers ant
against their %exploiters.
Governor LANCER in his address
pledged the full support of the Nortl
dakota Leader, which is the officia
organ of the North Dakota Farmer.
Holiday Association and the Non Par
ltisan League Women's Clubs, an.
called upon all to contribute to the de
%fense fund for these prosecuted farm
ers and workers. LANCER called on a
to organize together to resist the skin
! ming program Of the Minot Credit Cor
poration and their ilk, and the hiring
r of Wall Street, whether they be Judge
of the Federal Courts or any othe
, Tory Officials of the Government. H
t said that the same Tory crowd ths
/; prosecuted him was prosecuting thes
: farmer defendants, and for the sam
, reason, and thanked the farmers fo
Montana labor news., 1936-02-20
BOXING MATCH AT
FOX THEATRE ON
MONDAY, FEB. "a

The Chavez-Pine fight card to be
held at the Fox theatre Monday night
looks like it ought to be a humdinger.
1t will be remembered that Chavez
knocked out Everette Rightmire the
last time he appeared on the Butte
card. In that fight Chavez showed a
lot OF class and a lot of ability, but
Pine has a sensational record and from
all appearances is going to give the
fans a spectacular run for their money.
Matchmaker Ben Hardin already adj
vises the fight fans to get reservations
as indications point to a packed house
Extraordinary interest has also cen
tered around Hooking which had been
intensified by his thrilling victory ovel
Mustola at Anaconda. Hooking anc
| Encinas are matched in the eight
round semi-final on the card witt
Chavez and Pine. Just as much inter
est is conferred in this semi-final a!
there is in the main event, especially
as Hooking is a Butte boy.
Montana labor news., 1936-02-20


g Err THE
NEW ED
WYNN AIR COMEDY
ROLE-Kf you shOuld see
this strange individual
walking down the street
one of these days soon
don't be frightened! It's
Gulliver, the Traveller. In
the person Of Ed Wynn,
The noted comedian is
taking the role on q new
radio series Thursday
nights from $3.50 to 10
p NJ, Z, S. 7. over the
Columbia Network.
Montana labor news., 1936-02-20

their support OF him during his perse-
cution and urged all to give their full
support to the defense Of these Westby
farmers now.
The mass meeting elected from their
ranks a defense committee to take
charge Of the defense, and they met
and organized and laid out plans for
conducting the defense and raising
funds, Immediately after the meeting.
David Leininger of Fortuna was elected
Secretary of the Defense Committee,
and further information, collection lists
for the raising Of money for the de-
Tense fund, etc, can be secured by
writing him.
By the Defense Committee,
David Leininger, Sec'y.
Coulee City dispatch. [volume] (Coulee City, Wash.) 19??-19??, 1936-08-06
Horses Riding in Truck
Should Face the Right

When horses are loaded cross
wise into an open motortruck they
are safer if their heads are to-
ward the outside of the road. Re
ports to the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture tell of horses
seriously injured by passing traffic
often another truck-when they
are loaded with heads toward the
center of the road. The danger
is greatest at night.
A common practice when hauling
horses in open trucks is to load
them half and half. that is, cross
wise with every other head toward
the center of the road. The length
of the average horse from tail to
breast is about the same as the
width of the average live stock
truck. Although horses are loaded
conveniently and compactly in this
fashion, with the head and neck ex-
tended over the side of the truck,
it is safer to load them so that all
face the outside of the road.
In any event, says the bureau of
animal industry, horses in a motor
truck should have good footing
and be so secured that they are not
upset by sudden stops and starts.
Coulee City dispatch. [volume] (Coulee City, Wash.) 19??-19??, 1936-08-06
Clean Premises,
Get Rid of Flies
Eliminate Breeding Places,
First Step in Driving
Away Pest.
BY JOHN A. AREY. Extension Specialist.
North Carolina State College,
WNU Service.

BY JOHN A.. AREY. Extension Specialist.
North Carolina State College,
WNU Service.
One female fly allowed to live
and breed may leave millions of
descendants by fall. Don't give
them a chance to breed.
Flies are not only carriers of
filth and disease, but they are a
constant source of annoyance to
cattle and livestock. Cows will not
give as much milk if continually
harassed by flies.
The first step in getting rid of
this nuisance is to eliminate breed
ing places. Manure from stables
should be removed daily, if posi-
BILE.
When practical, it is best to haul
the manure direct to the fields
where it can be spread over the
least try not to leave large piles
of manure lying around for many
days at time.
Clean up the premises of the
house and barnyard. Any filth left
exposed will serve as breed
ing place for flies.
With the best of care, however, it
will be impossible to destroy all
flies in the larvae stage. There
fore, it is advisable to use traps,
poisons and sprays in fighting this
pest.
A good poison can be made by
!: mixing three quarts of skim milk
; with one-fourth quart of formalde-
: hyde and one-fourth quart of mo-
lasses. Place the mixture in shall
/ low containers where the flies are,
but where animals and poultry
cannot get at it.
A good spray is very effective.
Follow the directions given, and
! good results will be obtained.
Coulee City dispatch. [volume] (Coulee City, Wash.) 19??-19??, 1936-08-06
Weeds Here to Stav

Weeds, says a Northwestern uni-'
versity botanist, are here to stay.
Prof. Oliver Duggins. after study
of 100 common American weed
types. reached these conclusions:
Deep roots enable weeds to sur
vive cold winters; they can grow
in a wide range of soils; they have
long Towering periods and efficient
methods of distributing seeds: they
drive out neighboring plants, and
they are Indifferent to climatic con-
ditions.
Coulee City dispatch. [volume] (Coulee City, Wash.) 19??-19??, 1936-08-06
Teeth of Horse

The canine, or as they are com.
monty called the "bridle teeth" of
a horse come in and are in wear at
five years of age. However, ac-
cording to the Rural New Yorker,
mares do not normally have such
teeth; they occur commonly or
normally only in the gelding and
stallion. When mares have such
teeth they are usually non-breed-
ers; many call such sterile mares
"wolf-teeth mares" The appear
ance of such teeth in the mare is a
symptom rather than a cause of
such sterility.
Coulee City dispatch. [volume] (Coulee City, Wash.) 19??-19??, 1936-08-06
Fattening Beef Calves

Beef calves may be permitted to
run with their dams through the
summer and be fed literally on
grains by means of a creep" and
be ready for market at nine
months of age. weighing from 500
to 700 pounds. January or Febru-
airy calves may be fat enough to
market directly off the cows by
fall. Calves born in early spring
and when pasture conditions are
not favorable, may require full
feeding in a dry lot for a couple
of months before they are mar
keted
Coulee City dispatch. [volume] (Coulee City, Wash.) 19??-19??, 1936-08-06
His Problem

Into the night court they marched
man who had all the earmarks of
a professional tough guy. This chap
was as desperate looking as any 60
rilla you've ever seen.
The magistrate looked down at
the surly prisoner.
"Well," asked His Honor, equity
or not guilty."
The prisoner scowled.
Figure it out YOURSELF" he
snarled. "That's what yer gettin'
paid for!"-Mark Hellinger in New
York American.