davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1936-06-06
Business With Pleasure.

When the President accepted the
nomination in Chicago in 1882 the event
was colorful enough to get the cam
paign under way with q flying start.
The Presidents airplane dash from his
home on the Hudson to Chicago COM
bined some of the highly dramatic quail
ties of the rides of Paul Revere and
young Lochinvar, with his entry into the
convention hall and his ringing radio
speech thunderous climax.
The trouble was, however, there was
no money in it for the Democratic war
chest. That oversight has been noted,
however, and will be corrected by the
smart showmen in charge of Democratic
National Committee headquarters. When
the President accepts the nomination
at Philadelphia on the night of June n
he will address great mass aSsemblage
of loyal patriots gathered in Franklin
Field, with the one dollar price of the
admission tickets also covering the cost
of q souvenir card with Roosevelt Nomi-
MAJOR Wrltten on II. BY grace Of the
radio, similar mass meetings in every
section of the country will be similarly
addressed, with introductions by the local
Democratic chieftains and with the price
OF admission the same.
From the one-dollar 'Nominators"
enough good. hard cash Is anticipated
10 fill an otherwise large void In the
Democratic campaign chest The beauty
OF the scheme IA that II combines bust
meas with pleasure. The address Of
acceptance. which used 10 be humdrum
and poky AFFAIR, sooner sot over the
better. will again be made the occasion
tor . clarion cell 10 The faithful, sum.
monins ell good sitissns 10 the battle
Evening star., 1936-06-06
''SOusOmeter Test" Recalls
Court Case of Long Ago

The Associated Press article regarding
Lieut.. Comdr. w. w. Halls "SouSometer
Test" brings forcibly to the writer's mind
the fact that again science may isolate,
but seldom discovers anything new.
recall very vividly the relation by my
uncle, Judge Charles P. Latham of
Lynchburg, Va, of a case tried before
him in the middle 70s bearing on the
subject
The accused before the bar was one
charged with drunkenness, who had the
benefit of q defense attorney. In the
process of the trial the defense attorney
made some reference to the degree of
inebriation of the defendant. The prose-
cution arose and said, Your honor, OBJ
ject. There is no such thing as a degree
of inebriation. A man is either drunk
or he is sober" The defense attorney
replied. Your honor. there are six stages
Of inebriation. For the benefit OF the
court and the edincation of the prosecu-
ton, I gladly enumerate them First,
we have the jocose, then the verbose.
then the bellicose, then the morose, then
the lachrymose and then the comAtose
Proving that at least a. far back ~
the TOs the ak different stages we're
recognized, even though referred 70 with
diffrent nomenclature.
A. T. AnERNETHY.
Evening star., 1936-06-06
Hands OFF Nicaragua.

Secretary Hull has commercially taken
prompt occasion to set forth that the
United States has no intention of inter-
fering in the civil war now raging in
Nicaragua. At no time since its incep-
ton has there been any thought OF such
action. Nevertheless, Chile and Peru,
acting upon reports to the contrary, saw
mt to make representations at Washing
ton regarding them. While reafirming
this country's policy Of strict abstention
from meddling in the affairs of the sister
Americas, Secretary Hull demonstrated
against the launching of protests by
Chile and Peru before they had ascer-
tanned the facts. Their respective Wash
ington Ambassadors were courteouSly but
firmly reminded that if they had taken
the trouble to inquire at the State De-
partment their representations could
have been avoided. The false report
upon which they acted developed from
a suggestion circulated by a Central
American government, possibly at Presi-
dent Sacasa's behest, that the United
States be induced to tender good ofices
in the critical situation in which the
beleagured executive finds himself.
Disavowal of intervention intentions
in Nicaragua. Secretary Hull points out.
is not only in accordance with the
United States established policy" but
also with the convention on the rights
and duties of states" entered into at
the seventh inter-American conference
at Mortevideo. During the course of the
current disturbances in Nicaragua
Washington has received suggestions
from various sources that it cooperate
with the governments of certain other
American republics in an attempt to
check the revolt. But the United States
Minister at Managua was consistently
instructed to inform both the Nicaraguan
authorities and the representatives of
other American governments that in
the first place any joint tender of good
Offices must depend upon the willingness
of all political factions in Nicaragua to
unite in inviting them, and, furthermore,
that under no circumstances would
American participation in efforts to pro-
mote peace even be considered except
after consultation and in association
with other interested American nations
The policy OF diSpatching United
States Marines to Latin American coun-
tries to settle purely domestic disputes
is scrapped for keeps. Strife in Mica
ragua gives Washington a timely oppor-
tunity, on the threshold of the coming
Inter American Peace Conference, to re-
state that position in unequivocal terms
to reassure Latin America that the
United States good neighbor policy
rests upon the resolute determination
never again to use armed forces for
intervention in the purely domestic con-
Germs of the sister republics. That atti-
tude is proclaimed afresh in terms which
should contribute materially to the sue
cess of the forthcoming parley at Buenos
Aires by emphasizing that the Colossus
of the North" pursues no selfish objec-
tives in the Western Hemisphere.
Evening star., 1936-06-06
Nursing Profession Needs
More Than College Degrees
To the Editor Of The Star:

To the Editor Of The Star:
cannot help but feel resentment at
this latest trend for college graduates in
the nursing profession. Women who have
given their lives working in this field
now feel deficient because of a lack of
college education: or perhaps, having
held responsible positions, they are grad
ually pushed out, because they lack COLI
lege credits, to be replaced by women
who may not be nearly as well qualified
for the same position, but who have had
a college education.
I am greatly in favor of holding up
standards for nurses and only the finest
women should be in the profession, but
all the college degrees together do not
go in for making a good nurse. The
nurse who has given from her own small
income and extra hours of her time in
her course of work and never receives
any notice from anywhere surely is to be
far more desired than the cold college
graduate, who has gone into the pro-
fession with only the thought of holding
an executive position. My firm belief is
that nurses are born and cannot be made.
I do not think it fair for a grade "A"
training school to refuse to accept a girl
who more than likely will make a nurse
Of the highest type in every field of the
profession because she cannot financially,
or otherwise, afford to receive q college
education.
Therefore feel that this profession
Is one Of the very few where sincere un-
derstanding and intelligence is more i'm
portant than college degrees. am con-
fident. also, that the greater per cent Of
physicians will agree with me.
IRENE KELLNER GINSBERG, r. N.
Evening star., 1936-06-06

A surviving trait of primitive man,
relating perhaps to fetish and taboo. is
q love of mystery which leads him to
become what Is modernly known as q
joiner. Signs and ceremonial phrases
lend picturesqueness and promote honest
sentiment in q relationship involving
deep mutual regard. But no association
whatever Of symbols and significant
phrases is clear in moral purpose unless
its ultimate ideals can be stated to friend
and neighbor with unhesitating candor.
In order to be successful Joiner q man
must sometimes be discriminating re-
signer.
Evening star., 1936-06-06
STARS, MEN AND ATOMS
Notebook of Science Progress in Field,
Laboratory and Study.
BY THOMAS r. HENRY.

An even more remarkable example
cited by DR.. Wieland was that of the
great Red River raft of about 1850. 1t
was 13 miles long and its upper end was
built up about 2 miles a year, while
the lower end slowly receded upstream
through decay. Presumably very SIM
liar RATS were formed millions of years
ago. 1t depended on what chemical
processes took place whether they be-
came great beds of Ignite or great stone
forests, such as the petrified forest of
Arizona. Very few such forests, he be-
heves, were formed where the trees
originally stood. This sometimes hap
pens. however so that stumps of trees
are found turned to stone, but still
standing erect and with remains of their
root systems.
Such a condition, the Carnegie InSti-
tuition associate explains, might have
arisen from some such event as the great
Midwest earthquake of 1911, which
altered the course of the Mississippi
River, creating a great Sunken area
about 80 by 80 miles in diameter, which
Immediately was flooded The forest
trees were left standing, but in several
feet of water. Then the sitting process
set in, piling sand about the bases of
the trunks without disturbing their DO
Sition. Here again it would depend on
the chemical processes which took place
whether they would decay, turn to lig-
mite or turn to stone.
Study of the petrified forests scattered
over the earth, DR.. Wieland believes. will
do much to Clarity the nrohlemS of tho
origins of Towering plants, the animal
habitants of various localities and even
the former relations of continental areas
to each other. They are representative
of the flora of the period when forests
OF the modern type were beginning to
make their appearance on earth.
Evening star., 1936-06-06
Proposes "Alphabets' for
Seventeen.Year LOcusts
To the Editor of The Star:

To the Editor Of The Star:
The 17-year locusts are again in our
midst and making as much noise as
session of Congress and eating up the
foliage as fast as the brain trust boom
dogglers are eating up the taxpayers
dollars.
While on the subject Of locusts it looks
very much as though Mr.. Harry ("Too-
Damn-Dumb'o Hopkins of the w. P. A.
is overlooking boondoggling bet to get
rid of some of that billion and a half
dollars. These insect pests have endless
possibilities along those lines. Mr.. Hop
kins should organize the L. c. A. Locust
Counting Administration. He could I'LL
the woods with an army of reliefers
counting locustS. The relief boys would
really go for a job like that because the
woods are nice and shady and they could
enjoy their maps without being annoyed
by the sun. When they got all the
locuStS counted and the L. s. A. Locust
Statistics Administration compiled the
figures the information would be almost
as valuable to the country as killing the
pigs or plowing under or Passamaquoddy.
The next logical step for Mr.. Hopkins
to take would be to form the L. L. L. A.
Locust Love Life Administration. The
duties of this commission would be to
study the love life of the locustS, along
with any other personal and peculiar
characteristics of the insects.
And then-but why go on? Let Harry
use some of his own Imagination. Any
how, I imagine the only reason the
scheme has not been put into execution
is that Harry is waiting to get word from
Democratic Chairman Postmaster Cen
eral Jim Farley as to just where to begin
work" OF course, 1t will be in those
States Jim considers politically doubtful.
In other words, where the locust money
will do the most good as translated into
votes. s. h. MUMFORD.
Evening star., 1936-06-06
Shooting Stars.
BY PHnANDER JOHNSON.

Broke.
A man who goes completely broke
Resists your effort light,
No matter If you tell joke
You thought extremely bright.
For just one thought will occupy
His mind, when things go fat.
To cheer him you will vainly try,
He's Broke. And That is That.
There's no use singing ringing rhymes
Recalling splendid dreams;
No use of turning loose the chimes
On sentimental themes;
No use to show the beauteous sights,
When he has hit the mat
Where grim Misfortune fiercely fights,
He's Broke. And That is That.
The best of reasoning at hand
May carefully explain
The things affection nobly planned
But strives for, but in vain.
What good is sympathetic cheer
In phrases falling fiat
When this one simple fact is clear,
He's Broke. And That is That.
Evening star., 1936-06-06

Forests of stone are in process of for
nation today, just as in the time of the
dinosaurs.
Various stages of the process, perhaps
requiring millenniumS for its completion,
are described by DR. @. r. Wieland, re-
search associate of the Carnegie Insti-
tuition of Washington, in connection with
an intensive study of the remarkable
petrified forest of Cerro Cuadrado, in
Patagonia, where he has found some of
the missing links" of the plant king
dom.
A notable example, Dr. Wieland points
out, is afforded today at Lake Chelan,
in the State of Washington. This is a
narrow sheet of water SIS miles long
and in places nearly 1000 feet deep, I'LL
ing a Slit-like valley in the eastern
Cascades. Wild and partly Snow-covered
mountains rise precipitously on either
side. At the upper end of the lake is a
small, deltalike flood plain several miles
long and about miles wide, formed
by the Stehekin River, a rapid stream
coming down from the snow fields and
rising to flood stages when the heavy
Winter snowfall meltS.
Along the lower courses Of the stream
various hardwoodS, pines and arborvitae
thrive. Log jams are seen for long
distance up the stream, and all of its
lower course out to the lake edge is
strewn with logs on both sides. Near its
mouth the rapid, Silt-laden stream flows
through log raft. AS the lake water
deepens over the spill it is seen that the
logs are being silted in continuously.
In a relatively short time" says
Wr. Wieland, "3 or 4 miles of the
upper end of this deep lake, with its
bed below sea level, have been filled in
by sediments hundreds of feet in thick
ness. Were any subsistence to occur,
the course of tree trunk embedding would
be hastened much more than by flood
waters. Were there temporary elevation
of beds containing such silted-in stems
some of them might become lignitized
and so less liable to decay. If at any
time deeper waters containing an abun-
dant series of active forms of Silicic acid
made Yeir way up through the log RATS,
their petrification on grand scale
might ensue."
1t was in way very similar to this,
DR.. Wieland believes, that some of the
most remarkable fossil forests known
in the world were created. Curiously
enough, it would be the softwoods, such
as the pines and Spruces which would
be most likely to be perpetuated because
of the protective action of their resins
against decay causing bacteria.
X \
There have been some remarkable ex-
amples OF buried forests" which might
turn to stone in North America during
the past century, he finds. One of these
was the raft Of the Atchafalaya." The
Atchafalaya River in Louisiana caught
a large part OF the timber brought down
the Mississippi so that in about 40 years
previous to 1916. they formed a continu-
Gus raft 10 miles long. 22o yards wide
and feet deep. The whole rose
and fell with the water, yet was covered
with green bushes and trees. sometimes
In full blossom. II went on increasing
In size until about 1885. when some Of
the trees on it had grown TO height OF
90 feet. Then the state started 10 clear
away the raft and open the river To
navigation. Q job that required four
Evening star., 1936-06-06
THIS AND THAT
BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL.

A curious thing about the music of
the seventeen-year locusts Is the full
stop to which an entire tree full OF the
insects will come.
It is this sudden pause which gives
many hearers the idea Of fire siren, or
the cutting on and of Of vacuum
cleaner.
Tuesday evening the cicadas stopped
singing at 7 o'clock, and the advance
guard took up the refrain again at l:05
o'clock Wednesday morning.
The entire neighborhood Of insects
was going full blast at 3 am.
Our belief is that cicadas still are
coming up from the earth. to replenish
those which have died aloft.
The mighty waves Of sound got louder
during the week, as the days grew
warmer.
The hymn of the locusts is for the
heat Of the sun, not the light, we feel
sure, although the pretty red eyes OF
the creatures seem entirely capable OF
appreciating light, as such.
Yet it is noticeable that fine, hot
weather is the sort they love best, as
proved by their augmented chorus.
4 + 4
The sudden full stop to which the en-
tire assembly comes is extremely inter-
esting.
The hum of these insects seems un-
ending, minute after minute, hour after
hour.
1t is because of this continuity that
the full STOP ending in sort Of shrek,
as if whistle were mufied, strikes the
listener as weird.
Is there a grand leader for each tree,
a veritable orchestra conductor, who
turns it on and of as he wills?
Or is this quick dying away, and i'm
mediate resumption, merely part OF
the universal symphony of Nature,
which seems SO aimless, at times, yet
works so consistently through the ages
for purposes which elude? The siren
effect is the mating call of the males.
The females are silent.
Just as the cicadas seem to be among
the more intelligent insects, as several
observers have pointed out, SO also they
seem to be capable of making real
music with very simple instruments.
The stomach Of the male is drum.
Their scale is so extremely limited
it well may be called no scale at all, as
far as music is concerned. yet with such
: a compass they can get unusual effects.
The most striking has been mentioned,
but there are others, chief OF which is a
real difference the insects can secure In
tonal values.
While at first their music may i'm
press the listener as monotonous and
unvarying sound, or noise, they actually
vary their sound from tree to tree. and
even in the same tree from time to
time.
Probably 1t is nothing more than a
striking up OF locusts with unusually
heavy sound membranes. locusts with
exceptionally large sound chambers"
or thinner reeds" as it were. The song
of the locust is said to be the loudest
insect sound.
1t may be that the sudden quick stop,
as of an electric motor dying, is moth
ing more than the cutting out" for a
time of the shriller insects, whose eff
forts were not noticeable until they
stopped.
This is a readily understandable ef
feet, noticeable in any symphony orches-
ira.
Who does not recall the player of
timpani. whose duty, in one number. is
to stand with cymbals poised for min
utes on end, until his grand moment
comes?
Then zowie! as the comics have it.
We like to think of these locustS in
Evening star., 1936-06-06

the trees, making music all day long, as
members Of a gigantic and extended
orchestra, an orchestra within the def
initions of humanity.
Natures musicians have a fixed pur-
pose for their music, and make it usual
ly because they want to, not because
they have to or are paid to do it.
Their compulsion, of course, is in
stinct, that better knowledge. Instinct
is their have to-" but with them it
scarce can be called compulsion, be-
cause it is simply part of their very
lives, just as certain instructive re-
Sponses are with us.
We have no doubt trained musician
would be able to tell you in just which
key the locustS sing and the various
modulations they secure with infinitely
simple means
They are true musicians, these ci-
cadas, and let no one tell you differently.
Listen for yourself. Hear those
strains, insect music at its best.
For those who still do not think the
cicadas really make music, let us re-
count the old story of the German or
chestra leader who came here in the
days when the music of Wagner had to
make its way in this country.
But people here do not like Wagner"
some one protested.
Den let dem hear it until dey do like
it." he said.
The trained locust listener comes in
time to get real amusement and enter
tainment from listening for the genuine
nuances in the cicada music.
AS he walks along a road beneath
the great trees in which the hordeS are
holding forth he is able to detect the
difference between tree and tree and
colony and colony.
He discovers that the drone varies as
he walks from place to place. He listens
not only for the sound at hand, but for
that afar, because these vary from
place to place, and also from the po-
sition of the listener.
Small boys believe that 1ocusts include
both "drummers" and singers" accord
ing to the sounds made.
We would speak a word for the flu
ture kind treatment Of the locustS.
Let them alone!
The destruction of small ends of
branches by the egg-laying process is
merely Natures way Of pruning fruit
and other trees.
There seems little reason for burning
or otherwise destroying these small
ends until long after Natures purposes
with respect to locusts are over. Then,
if winds do not remove them, they may
be taken off.
No one should be willing to end the
locust drama, which is seventeen years
in the preparation. Most of us have no
more than one chance, or at the most
two, to watch these harmless insects
in the most dramatic scenes of their
lives. The writer here was living in the
city seventeen years ago. and knew
nothing of locusts. AS a small boy he
might have seen and heard them. but
remembers nothing of them. He will
count himself blessed if he is here to
see and hear them again.
Be kind to the locust. They do good,
not harm. That is good slogan. 1t
means that those who accept it land
we know that all who read here do
will be doing their part to preserve a
natural wonder. Remember the beau
tiful carrier pigeons, which once black
ened the heavens with their numbers,
now no more through the stupidity and
greed of man. Cicadas are we'll worth
preserving and the way to do it is to
leave them alone, in the hands of Ma
ture, whose wonder they are.
Evening star., 1936-06-06

against one sort of thing or another.
And many thousands of these citizens
will pay for the privilege Of hearing the
speech and getting the "Nominator"
card.
That Is selling" the President to the
people on q grand scale. And not the
least Of the Republican worries, in de-
Gliding how to beat Roosevelt, is in
thinking up ways and means to over
come the master showmanship that has
contributed to the glamour of his admin
istration. Barnum died too soon. The
G.. o. p. could use him now.