davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Montana labor news., 1936-03-05
Scraps of Paper"

Japanese representatives signed the Nine
Power Treaty at Washington in 1922" says
Prof. Scott Nearing in the Federated Press.
"They agreed, in this treaty, to respect the in
tegrity of China and to preserve an open door
in Manchuria for the trade of their imperial
rivals.
Japanese representatives, during the years
since 1922, have consistently violated the spirit
and the letter of the Nine Power Treaty. They
have grabbed off portions of China. They have
established trade monopolies in Manchuria. AT
the present moment they are busy with diplo-
matte intrigue and military operations that will
bring additional Chinese provinces within the
economic and political frontiers Of the J~apenese
empire.
Japanese representatives signed the Wash
ington Treaty when it seemed the wise thing to
do. They violated the treaty when treaty viola
ton seemed expedient.
1.-THE representatives of the japanese ruling
class are not alone in treating treaties as scrapes
of paper. They have plenty c. first class i'm
perial company.
German representatives, in 1919 agreed not
to re-arm. Despite these treaty provisions, the
German government has one of the most highly
trained Of modern armies and is busy building a
navy. The naval building program has the of
fetal sanction of Great Britain. All of the sign
ers of the 1919 Treaty have now accepted Ger
man rearmament, in violation of the treaty, as
a matter of course.
Representatives of the great European pow
ers signed a League of Nations covenant that
required them to disarm ITO the lowest point
consistent with domestic safety" After dodg-
ing the issue and passing the buck for Is years,
they called a conference on disarmament in Feb
ruary 1882. The conference played about with
the disarmament issue for three years, and then
was blotted out by an arms race in which each
of the great powers is busy e%quipping its army,
navy and air force for the next war.
Representatives of Italy voted, a decade ago,
to admit Ethiopia into the League Of Nations.
They had already agreed in the League coven-
ant, not to resort to war. They agreed again
in the Kellogg Pact to renounce war. In Octob-
er, 1885, the representative of the Italian ruling
class began a war of conquest against Ethiopia,
a fellow League member. Representatives of
the French ruling class had agreed to give Italy
a free hand in this act of international brigand-
age.
"The British rulers were equally complacent
at the outset. Then, feeling that their Medi-
terranean and East African interests were threat
end, they began to cry: stop thief" All at
once they faced about and in combination with
France, offered to assist Italy in the rape OF
Ethiopia provided they could have a share Of the
spoils.
Treaties, pacts and covenants between ruling
class representatives are scraps Of paper. AS
surances, promises, laws and constitutions are
no better. All are upheld while they further
ruling class ends. When they interfere with rul-
ing class policy, they are torn up and thrown
aside like any other scraps of paper.
Montana labor news., 1936-03-05

complaint is the revelation that though
it is all right to kidnap and beat up
Communists, it is very wrong of the
Communists to resent it. Cairns and
Campbell complain that said group of
Communists became embittered against
plaintiffs, and ever since said time said
Communists have declined to p%atronize
or otherwise deal with plaintiffs" and,
worst of all, many Of said Commun-
lists" and potential customers
have removed from the said county
of Sonoma to parts unknown to plain
tiffs," All of which means that plain
tiffs want $500 from said Commun-
lists" for not taking the raids lying
down and saying thank you.
The northern California branch of
the American Civil Liberties Union,
which is defending Green and Nitz-
berg, points out that this emphasizes
the need for a public investigation Of
the Santa Rosa outrage. If those per-
ennial Investigators, Dist. Atty. Cowan
of Sonoma county, and Atty.-Gen. U.
S. Webb, had had the courage to pro-
secute the guilty persons, the present
outrageous and ridiculous suit would
never have been filed"
81 suppose" commented Director
Ernest Besig, well have a suit next
for damages because one of the vigil
antes hurt his hand while beating
Green and Nitzberg, or because he was
injured while applying the tar and
feathers"
Montana labor news., 1936-03-05
California Vigilantes
viii Sue Victims!

SANTA ROSA, Cal.-FP)-Beat a
man up, tar and feather him, and then
sue him for assault.
Little wonder Jack Green and Sol
Nitzberg, two victims of Santa Rosa
vigilantes last August, find themselves
perplexed. Fred Cairns, alien Cham
Der OF Commerce head OF Healdsburg,
who is defendant in Green's $4,000
damage suit, and Harold G. Campbell,
a member of the vigilante mob from
Petaluma, have brought suit against
Green and Nitzberg for $500 damages.
The complaint, sworn out in Novem-
Der, has just been served.
A masterpiece of unconscious satire,
it states that Cairns and Campbell "in
pursuance of their rights, duties and
obligations" as residents of Sonoma
county, went upon the public streets
and highways for the lawful purpose
Of detecting and apprehending such
persons as might in plaintiffs pres
ence be engaged in the commission OF
crimes and offenses;" that while they
were so engaged Green and Nitzbere
did pull, push, jerk, justle and strike
plaintiffs - to say nothing OF shoot
ing at them with a double-barreled
shotgun which nobody ever heard OF
before.
In consequence, the unfortunate Wig
lantes were rendered tired, sore and
lame, and each Of them suffered and
sustained severe shock and injuries to
their nervous systems"
Another interesting feature OF the
Montana labor news., 1936-03-05
Commissioner Asks
Opinion Of Maggie
On State Law

Commissioner of Labor, Edward
O'Byrne, has asked Attorney General
Ray Maggie to give an opinion in re-
gard to certain phases of the Eight
Hour Store law.
This article includes both the ques-
lions that were asked by Mr.. O'Byrne
of the Attorney General and the opin-
ion of the latter to the questions ask
ed by the commissioner. It will be
noticed that Mr.. Maggie feels that the
eight hour act applies to the officers
and stockholders of a corporation.
Other expressions by the Attorney Cen
eral are very interesting and informa-
tive especially to the clerks working in
establishments, in cities and towns
whether they are organized in a trade
union or not.
Montana labor news., 1936-03-05
REPEAL OF GAG RULE ON
TEACHERS STUDIED BY
CONGRESSMAN

WASHINGTON.- FfP)-Congress-
men are learning a great deal about
the teaching of communism these days.
First they passed an amendment to
the District of Columbia appropriation
bill providing that no public school
employee could receive a paycheck I'M
til a statement, to the effect that moth
ing had been mentioned about Russia
or communism, had been signed.
Next they defeated, after some de-
bate, a similar rider on an %appropria-
ton bill for Alaska and the Aleutian
Islands declaring that no teacher could
receive the monthly check until a state
ment saying the doctrines Of the Amer
lean Liberty League had not been
taught or mentioned in the schools for
the Esquima ux and Aleutians.
Now they are holding hearings upon
the proposal Of Cong. Sisson Cd, N.
" to repeal the red rider for Wash
ington, D. c. schools.
First to appear at the hearings were
members OF the District of Columbia
school board. Their arguments were
that the rider should be repealed be-
cause:
l.. 1t is unnecessary and ineffective
and is not accomplishing its purpose.
2. 1t has produced an unwholesome
relationship between teacher and pupil
3. It has deprived the school board
of a vital part OF its authority.
4. 1t has fostered and stimulated
interest in communism throughout the
whole country.
S.. 1t has resulted in considerable ex-
pense and unnecessary clerical work
on the part of the school board EN-
ployees.
Montana labor news., 1936-03-05
Child Labor Continues
WESTERN PRESS COMMITTEE
Under Direction of
rT EJ Gu

WESTERN PRESS COMMITTEE
Under Direction of
American Humane Education Society
$40 Hamilton Avenue,
Palo Alto, California
January rs, 20, u, 1896
Office OF Secretary
Open Letter;
Child labor continues and the annual
January reminder of National Child
Labor Days, Jan. Is, %, u, is again
necessary. The hope hat the presi-
dent and certain officials in Washing
ton had ended the ancient atrocity in
a day" has failed. Child labor revert
ed in May, 1888, to 4S kinds of state
laws, good, bad and indifferent.
The hopeful aspect is that "a state
legislatures having voted for the fed
eral amendment f~orbidding child la
Dor, the number will grow to the nee
essary SO. In the mean time too many
young children are working and are
losing their only chance for education.
growth and pleasure. An increase in
child labor was reported by state de-
partments of labor during the last hall
of 1885.
Again the contrast is marked between
adults unemployed and on the dole, and
children working when they should be
in school and playground.
Again the National Child Labor Com
nittee appoints national child labor
days. Again the press and public are
urged to "end the ancient atrocity.'
Better state laws now and II more
states to ratify the federal amendment.
Yours for children's freedom,
ALICE PARK, Secretary.
Montana labor news., 1936-03-05

uIation Of twenty-five hundred
(250O), or over, for all persons en-
ployed in retail stores, and in all
leased businesses where the lessor
dictates the price, also kind of mer-
chandise that is sold, and the hours
and conditions Of operation Of the
business, all persons employed in
delivering goods sold in such stores,
all persons employed in wholesale
warehouses used for supplying re-
tail establishments with goods, and
all persons employed in delivering
goods to retail establishments from
such wholesale warehouses"
Since the Act is broad enough to
cover all persons employed in retail
stores" and no exception is made for
Officers and stockholders of a cor
poration, it is my opinion that all Of
ficers and stockholders employed in
any tanner specified in Section 1
above quoted, come within its provi-
sions; although they are officers and
stockholders they are also employees
of the corporation, 1t is my opinion,
therefore, that the Act applies to the
employment of officers and stockhold-
ers of the corporation.
2. Without knowing more Of the
facts, we would be unable to pass an
opinion on this question. If a partner
ship in good faith is actually establish
ed by which all the persons employed
are the actual partners and share the
profits, as well as the losses, then it
would seem that the relation of EN-
ployer and employee does not exist.
The law, however, will look beyond the
form or name and consider the sub
stance. If in fact the relation of en-
ployer and employee exists, and the
partnership is one in form only and for
the purpose of evading the law, then
there would be a violation of the stat
ute.
3. The fact that employees are paid
in bonuses or commissions instead of,
or in addition to their wages or sal
airy, would not, in my opinion, take
them without the law. The form and
manner of payment is immaterial if
the relation of employer and employee
exists and the employer would be
liable under the terms of the Act.
4. On the facts you have stated, the
truck driver does not appear to be
employed either in or by a retail or
wholesale establishment. He appears
to be an independent contractor so
far as the facts disclose, but as the
Act is worded, this does moi seem to
make any difference. The act covers
all persons employed in delivering
goods sold in such stores and "all per-
sons employed in delivering goods to
retail establishments from such whole
sale warehouses" It does not cover
persons employed in making deliveries
between wholesale houses, and there
fore time so spent could not be count
ed.
S. If these facts can be proved, it
is possible that both merchants might
be convicted OF conspiring and acting
together to violate the law. The facts
are too meagre upon which to express
a d%efenite opinion. l suggest that all
the facts in all these cases be laid be-
fore the respective county attorneys
for their investigation and determine
ton.
Montana labor news., 1936-03-05
WE PAUSE IN PASSING

One OF the questions American youth
wants discussed in public forums, re-
ports the Department of the Interior,
is whether operas should be sung in
English.
Montana labor news., 1936-03-05

They say money talks" Why not
make it speak" for the Union Label,
Shop Card and Button1
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1936-09-15
By DEWITT MACKENZIE

New York, Sept. 15.-(AP)-Eu-
ropes next political sensation is like
~ to be the compulsory retirement of
Britian's conservative premier, Stan
ley Baldwin, if young progressives in
his own ranks are successful in the
fierce attacks they have been direct
ing against him.
Inc summer recess of parliament
has proved a breathing spell in the
warfare to unseac Baldwin, but the
insurgents are bent on purging the
party of what they call the reaction
airy Old Tory guard, in which thew
accord Mr.. Baldwin a high place.
An important aspect of the situa-
ton is the statement circulated in
high quarters in England that young
King Edward does not regard Mr..
Baldwin with high favor. A ruler is
not supposed to mix in politics in
democratic Britain, but his private
views have a strong influence.
Report No Surprise
Those who have watched the rela-
tionship between Edward and his
portly premier over long period are
not surprised to hear the king lacks
any deep affection for Farmer Bald
win, who is said to have set himself
up long ago as mentor of the then
Prince Of Wales
Mr.. Baldwin is credited with hav-
ing compelled the Prince to abandon
his favorite pastime of riding to
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1936-09-15
CHOICEST OF MEATS
AT SANITARY MARKET
FRESH and Cured Meats and HEAVY
and Fancy Groceries Handled
for Growing Trade

Sanitary Market, located on South
Garrett street, is one of Henderson's
leading markets, carrying at all times
a complete stock of fresh and cured
meats, as well as heavy and fancy
groceries.
This market has served this COM
m'lnity most creditably over a period
or years, and looks forward to the
fall season with even better service
with n complete stock.
Sanitary refrigerators are installed
throughout the market, assuring ut
most protection to those who pur-
chase their choice meat cuts there.
Seafood is carried in season, the
market being supplied at all times
with fresh fish
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1936-09-15
Old Friction With King
May Help Gust Baldwin

hounds in 1929 on the grounds that
the heir to the throne was endanger-
ing his life. The premier also is said
to have been one of those who tried
to induce the Prince to marry against
his will
Debt Settlement Criticized.
Young conservatives long have
charged that Baldwin is non-progres-
sive and lacking in ideas and initi-
alive The handling of the Italo-Ethi-
opian problem all but brought his poll
teal house down about his ears. But
there have been many other things
dating from the World War debt set
tlement which Baldwin effected in
Washington in 1923 as chancellor of
the exchequer. Britons have said he
allowed the Yankees then to take him
for a ride.
Apropos of the charge of lack of
initiative, Baldwin once remarked to
me that secrets were safe in his keep
ing ard added
when people try to quiz me T put
on stOlid expression. The result is
that some of them get the idea I am
stupid, but I had rather be consid-
cred stupid than have to give away
secrets"
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1936-09-15
ALLEN BARBER SHOP
HAS BIG PATRONAGE
Under Ownership and Management
of G. ID. Allen, 1t Has Attract
ed Many Customers

Aliens Barber Shop is one of Hen
derson's most popular barber shops,
and it has enjoyed steady growth I'M
der the efficient and courteous man
agement of C. D. Allen.
There are six registered BARRIERS to
serve you-Jack Collins, Cliff Rem,
Jesse Finch, Johnny Grissom, Char
lie Edwards and G. .. Allen, and they
extend a cordial invitation to their
many friends throughout this section
to visit them at all times for their
barber work, assuring the very latest
and best in the barber field.
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1936-09-15

market sell for a price that is reas-
enable to both producer and consum-
er and giving the producer a reason
able profit. Second, the Soil Conser-
walton Program will encorage grow
ers to plant their most productive
fields that are free from diseases. It
will also aid them in improving the
less productive soils and at the same
time follow a rotation that will con-
serve the soil and promote disease
control that is so needed in eastern
Carolina. The tobacco soils of this
area infested with diseases known as
root knot, sore shank, Southern root
rot and the leaf spot disease And
last but not least. organic matter
from the legumes will build up the
nitrogen supply and also the water
holding capacity of the soil, which
Will be of the greatest benefit to plant
growth in unusually dry seasons.
Organic matte rwill also improve the
physical condition of the soil, thereby
giving better aeration which is i'm
portant and very necessary to plant
growth. Commercial fertilizers will
respond more readily in soils that
have plenty of organic matter com
pared with soils with no organic mat
ter, or very little.
In summing up all the of the re-
suits that can be obtained under the
Soil Conservation Program, including
the flexibility of the porgram, there
is a possibility of serving more people
and at the same time accomplishing
greater results over a long period,
than any other program offered the
growers of eastern North Carolina un
to the present time. Every farmer
who is interested in the welfare of
his own family and building up the
community should cooperate in max
ing this program a success.
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1936-09-15
Says New Farm Program
Need OF East Carolina
3,15O887 Acres Planted In Crops in 1885, E. Y. Floyd
States, With Base Acreag for Tobacco 469,O43
Cotton 994,46O; CT ties Soil Program
mount of payments.

amount of payments.
The general depicting base was not
established under the Triple-A con-
tracts and at this time it Will be
impossible to determine tie amount
of acres that will be diverted. Truck.
corn. and other crops that are grown
in excess of home consumption may
be diverted to the point of Is per
cent OF the base established under the
Soil Conservation Program and the
rate of payment for the United States
is $1,000 an acre.
Each county will have rate based
on the productivity of the County, as
it compares with the United States;
then. it is broken down ulther 20
each individual farm. If All individ-
lal farmer normally grows crops spe-
Gifted in the general depicting bases
he may divert and receive payment,
and his payments would be determin-
ed by the productivity or the yield
per acre of the general depicting
base on his farm as it compares with
the county yield.
Other Payments
There are other payments under
the Soil Conservation Program which
are known as the soil building pay
ment. This payment is made for
carrying out soil building practices
and the total amount of payment thay
can be received by any individua!
grower will be determined by the
amount of conserving acreage that he
has on his farm. Soil building prac-
tees are adjusted to meet the needs
of almost every farmer in eastern
Carolina. This means that n addi-
ton to receiving what is known as
the conserving payment for divert
ing acres from tobacco, cotton and
peanuts to an acreage of hay crops,
or legume crops to be turned to the
soil or left on the soil, an additional
payment will be made for carrying
out soil building practices on the
farm.
The above mentioned payments are
minor when two other important fac
tors are considered. One, the diver
sion of depicting crops, of which there
is a surplus, Thereby making that por-
ton of the crop that is grown TO!
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1936-09-15
(Rv Il. Y. FLOYD. Extension Tobacco
Specialist, North Carolina state
College)

To establish a boundary line Tor
the tobacco section of North Carolina
tho counties of Warren, Franklin,
Wake Lee. Moore and Richmond are
included with the counties IN east
ern North Carolina. The reason 1or
including these is that large por-
ton of the soil types in these SIX ooun
darv counties are the same as that III
eastern Carolina. However, there Is
some Piedmont soil in the northwest
ern part of each of the six counties.
According TO the 1885 census re-
port 3150.SS7 acres Were planted IN
crops that were harvested in 1885 in
eastern North Carolina. The base
acreage in this area for cotton tobac-
co. and peanuts, according to Triple
A contracts is as follows cotton. 994,-
400 acres: tobacco, 1863 043, and the
peanut base. 21S,S93 acres. Crops
harvested in 1885 other than the three
crops mentioned above, according to
the 1885 census figure, were from l.
46S.591 acres.
The maximum payments for divert
ing cotton is 5 cents pound for the
WELD per acre established under the
T1iple-A. If all of the growers take
advantage Of this opportunity and di-
vert the maximum amount of cotton,
the payment for eastern Carolina
will be pproXimately S4,263.747.25.
On tobacco. the maximum that could
be diverted and receive payment
would be 80 percent of the base. The
rate of payment is 8 cents pound
on the yield per acre established un-
der the Triple-A contracts, which
would amount to approximately S.
579, 27045 On peanuts the maximum
acreage that could be diverted and
receive payment is 20 percent of the
base The poundage established on
the production given under the Triple
A contracts at l Ia cents per pound
would amount 10 approximately $685.
3S976.
For the three crops, therefore, the
total amount is S10,452 407 46 The
average weighted yield for eastern
Carolina was used in determining the
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1936-09-15
RUNNING FOR CONGRESS-
HELD BAD AS SPFFDIN,

Dallas, Texas, Sept hap a
man charged with speeding protested
in city court to Judge King William.
son:
Il might just as well have been A..
cused of running for Congress as
speeding"
The judge nodded sympatheticanv
Running for congress or being sc.
cused of it would be terrible" he said
Cease dismissed"
Judge Williamson had just returned
to his duties on the bench after AN
unsuccessful campaign for congress
for this district
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1936-09-15
S. HAYES GROCERY
OLD CONCERN HERE
Operated by Sol Hayes, Son of the
Founder, and Has Had Steady
Growth Through Years

One of Henderson's oldest and best
known grocery stores is the S. Hayes
Grocery on South Garnett street.
which is operated by Sol Hayes, son
OF the founder, and through his court
eous treatment and fair dealings with
ms customers, the steady growth of
this store has been one of it's outz
standing features. !,
< Mr.. HayesFcatries i complete stock
OF heavy and fancy groceries as well
as cured meats and fresh vegetables
and fruits, and one can always find
what he is seeking in the food line at
THIS popular establishment.
"A truck delivery rushes telephone
orders to Henderson housewives with
out the least delay.
Henderson daily dispatch. (Henderson, N.C.) 1914-1995, 1936-09-15
Worlds Biggest
White Oak Tree
Is Dying OF Age

WILLIAMSON, w. Va, Sept. 15.-
(AP)-Old age-7OO years of it's
creeping up on the Great White
Oak of MingO.
State Forester ID. N. Griffin fig
ures the 145-fOOt forest veteran
the worlds biggest white oaks
about at the end. He took some
behring's and dianOsed:
There's nothing wrong with it
i mean in the way of plant dis
ease. 1t is just dying of old age"
The Great Oak was a sturdy
sapling in what is now Mingo
county about the time of the Cru
sades, according to Griffin's fig
ures. If it had acted like other
white oaks it would have died 400
years ago.
"And now he's going" said Crit
fin. There's only 80 feet of mer-
charitable timber left in that old
trunk, 145 feet high and nine feet
through the middle"