davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1936-01-31
BY HOWARD w. BLAKESLEE,
Associated Press Science Editor.


NEW YORK. January 31.-Some
new mathematical methods showing
that flying artillery is feasible, with
heavier guns than hitherto believed
possible, have just been described to
the Institute of the Aeronautical
Sciences here.
Small cannon already have been
fired from experimental planes. The
French have flown and fred "75."
the regulation field gun. One of the
serious problems is recoil.
The report showed that unexpected
stability may be looked for in air.
planes used as gun platforms. The re-
port was made by Prof. Alexander
Klemin and Benjamin RufYner of the
Guggenheim School Of Aeronautics,
New York University.
Mathematical Experiment.
1t was an entirely mathematical
experiment and prediction. 1t used
new mathematical forms which are .
short cut to solution of flying problems
usually too time-consumins for clas-
sical mathematics.
It was applied to the problem Of
mounting on . small 3,000-pound air-
plane . 81 millimeter gun, having q
recoil Of 900 pounds for two-ffths Of
. second. The problem was to find
out what would happen to accuracy Of
rapid fire If this small cannon was
mounted seven feet behind the little
ships center Of gravity and fired verti-
cally upward.
The mathematical investigation was
made for the American Armament
Corp, Hoboken N. J. They designed
the gun to weigh $50 pounds installed.
1t fires . 1-pound shell 4.400 yards
at an elevation Of As degrees.
It is intended for installation be-
hind the cockpit. on the back of the
machine, and to fire through a range
Of is degrees downward and so up
ward.
Slight Bobbing Of Plane.
The New York University mathe-
maticians found that the only dis
turbance Of the vertical recoil, al
though momentarily one-third of the
ships weight, would be q slight bob
bing up and down, as when . row.
boats nose is pushed down and re-
leased.
But their calculations showed that
the entire bobbing was over in Sec
onds. And that most of 1t WAS over in
less than that. So that. they said, the
gun could fire probably 40 shots q
minute without losing accuracy due to
instability from recoil.
And" said Ruffner, in reading the
report, 'the work shows that heavier
guns should be steady on planes"
Mechanical ears for plotting a plane
by sound alone. an entirely new prin-
ciple in aviation, were described today.
Luis De Florez of the De F1orez
Engineering Co. Of New York, who
has spent three years developing them
and flown many hours blindfolded,
gave . ground" demonstration with
the instruments.
1T Is possible, De Torez said, ''that
q blind man, with his more accurately
trained hearing, might become . better
pilot than one who can see."
Eyes Are Not Needed.
All blind" flying heretofore has
been done with the eyes watching
Evening star., 1936-01-31
.DERN TO invoke
LAW ON AIRPORT
Asks Justice Department
Act to Protect Military
Road Sovereignty.

Advised by the War epsrtm.nt
that public safety is in jeopardy, the
Department of Justice today was con-
sidering legal action to protect Army
sovereignty over the Military road
bisecting Washington Hoover Airport.
appropriate action" was requested
Of Attorney General Cummings by
Secretary Of War Dern in a letter
emphasizing gravity of airplane and
automobile traffic conditions where
the highway curves from the Highway
Bridge directly across the airport.
StOplight Forces Action.
1t Is understood the matter was
brought to a head when airport au-
thorities directed a traffic signal to
halt automobile traffic when planes
are being wheeled across the road
from one field to the other. The
War Department protested unsuc-
cessfully against erection of the sig
mails, holding that they invade mili-
tary domain and abridge military
rights.
The letter from the War Department
was being studied today by attorne-
in the Office of the Assistant Solicitor
General Department of Justice off,
cials said they have not had time to
arrive at a decision regarding the
course of action.
Would Settle Controversy.
In a formal statement, the War De-
partment said it was compelled to
refer the problem to the Department
of Justice because Of the constant
agitation for a settlement Of the con-
troversy between operators of the air.
port and military officials. The state
ment explained that since there ap-
peared no immediate prospect Of pas
sage by Congress of airport legisla-
ton, the War Department deemed it
necessary to seek relief without fur
ther delay through the legal arm Of
the Government
Evening star., 1936-01-31
GROUP CLAIMS BILL
RUNS VETO CHANCE
President Against Cutoff of Gov.
ernment's Right to
Defense.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
Congressional suggestions for a
blanket bill covering a large number
Of private claims measures brought a
frown from President Roosevelt today
and hint of a possible veto of such
step.
Asked about such legislation at his
press conference, the President re-
minded that he has vetoed a large
number of private claim bills passed
individually because the measures
eliminated the Government right of
defense before the Court Of Claims.
He said If an omnibus bill con-
tanned measures barring the Govern
ment's right of defense he would be
forced to veto such legislation.
Meanwhile, he said. specific bills,
including a long standing private
claim bill recently passed to allow
payments to a company because of
depreciation of the Russian ruble,
would be treated on their merits.
Evening star., 1936-01-31
INVENTORY SETS VALUE
|OF FARGO ESTATEAT $11O
Niece Designates a Quantity of
Stocks as desperate"
or "Worthless.

By the Associated Press.
CHICAGO, January 31.-An inven-
tory setting the value Of the late Liv-
ingston Wells Fargo's estate at $110.42
was filed in probate court yesterday
by his niece and Administrative, Mrs.
Edith Andrews Sturgis.
The inventory itemized two watches,
a diamond brooch, sl62 in cash, a
bank account Of $3.50 and quantity
of stocks designated desperate" or
worthless" Mrs. Sturgis has claim
Of $345.310 pending against the estate.
Lucille Camden Fargo, 49, has a
claim pending for a widows share Of
Fargos property or the contention
they were married in a common law
ceremony in Pennsylvania in 1906.
Fargo died November IA, 1884. He
was "A, former president of the
American Express Co.. and descend
ant of the founders Of the Fargo Ex-
press.
Evening star., 1936-01-31
BY the Associated Press.


URBANA, ILL.,, January 31.-The
most potent death ray yet devised by
man was assigned to the task Of saw
ing human lives today.
Tests of its power in this respect
were prepared In the physics lahora-
tory of the University Of Illinois.
The ray, beam Of neutrons IA
times more deadly than x-rays, was to
be shot from a scientific "gun" now be-
ing assembled under the direction OF
DR.. P. G. Kruger.
Human approach within so feet OF
the gun" was unsafe because OF the
speed with which the ray destroys the
white corpuscles Of the blood. All
shields, including those normally used
for protection against x-rays and ra-
dunn, are vulnerable to the deadly
beams. The gun must be operated
by remote control from distant
switchboard.
Experiments have shown, DR.. Kru-
ger said, that the rays reduce the
white blood count from 5000 to 800
or 400.
Evening star., 1936-01-31
Smith Threat Held Comparable
ToT.R.'sl9l2 Campaign Break
Former Governor Declared Fau0red
With T,co-Thirds Rule-Significance
of LnndOn's Speech Pointed Out.

lican party Is hopeless even with the
aid o. Democratic split. Landon's
speech was no blanket reputation Of
Roosevelt and the New Deal.
He spoke gently of each, even kindly
at times. 1t was no partisan appeal.
Whatever claims he made for his
Kansas record, and he was becom-
ingly modest about it, he was careful
to say, was the work of neither party.
He paid full tribute to the Kansas
Democrats. Eastern Republican parti-
sans would have omitted that. Lam
don placed no emhasis upon the
Constitution and left its paranoic
saviors much to desire. Landons
remarks on the farm problem must
have pleased Borah, McNary and
George Norris more than they pleased
the New York leaders of his party.
Landon's stand for old-age pensions,
for unemployment laws, for the child
labor laws Che recommended the
passage Of the amendment in Kansas
his condemnation OF the so-called
"old order" his high vision for a new
NdJt OIL tllNoC OutSANAiA6o uIuot llu'C
irked the standpatters who are hoping
for coalition with the Liberty League.
He Is about as far to the left of the
Liberty League as the President.
And the way that gathering of
simon pure Western Republican party
regulars at Topeka applauded Lam
don, ratified over the radio Wednesday
night like machine gun fire.
No conservative coalition can sur
vive that spirit in the West. So, as
Al. Smith would say, here we are,
what does it mean? The Democrats
are about to give birth to trouble.
And maybe the Republicans are pre-
pairing to deliver Siamese twins or
maybe couple Of other fellows.
(Copyright, 1886, by the North American
Newspaper Alliance, Inc)
Evening star., 1936-01-31
EXCAVATORS FIND
PAPYRUS SCROLLS
Colt Expedition in Jerusalem Re-
ports Name of Justin II Is
on Documents.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
JERUSALEM, January 3l.-Excava-
tors Of the American Colt Expedition
announced today the discovery OF
seven papyrus scrolls in good condi-
ton bearing the name of Justin, II,
East Roman emperor who reigned
from SOS to 578.
The scrolls were unearthed on the
site of the ancinet byzantine town Of
Auja Alhafir and were described as
of great archaeological interest.
Members of the expedition said this
was the first occasion of the finding Of
complete scrolls and indicated addi-
tional discoveries were expected.
Emperor Justin. II, known as the
Mad Emperor" Flavius Justinus be-
cause of his temporary fits of instantly,
succeeded his uncle. Justinian the
Great.
Most important in his reign was
the invasion of Italy by the Lombards
in 568 and subsequent domination Of
that territory by the invaders. Justin
raised Tiberius to be Caesar in STA
and retired for the remaining four
years Of his reign.
Evening star., 1936-01-31

bystander painfully kicked by an
ambulance mule. Or statistics to that
gratifying effect And next day a
postscript trickles out from Africa
that the victory was so complete the
winners only fell back about 20 miles.
OF course, in war, as in politics and
making love, nobody Is expected to
stick to the exact facts. Maybe that's
why, in odd moments, I find myself
murmuring: "Beyond the Alps hes
Italy-and lies and lies and lies"
(copyright. 1850
Evening star., 1936-01-31
MISSIONARY DIES

ALAMEDA. Calf, January 81 P).-
DR.. Harvey Hugo Guy, 66, interna-
tionally known missionary and lecturer
on Oriental subjects, died at his home
yesterday.
DR.. Guy was member of the Acade-
my Of Political Science and director Of
the Institute Of Social and Religious
Research Of China and Japan.
Evening star., 1936-01-31
Flying Artillery Is Feasible,
Mathematical Methods Sh0,v
Ne,o York University Experts Describe
Experiments With 37-MM. Fired
From Mount on Small Airplane.

instrument boards. But with me
chanical ears" the pilot flies wholly
by listening to a pair Of ear phones,
He can use them in fog, clouds, dark
ness, on any kind of plane.
The phones are connected with q
tiny propeller, set far out on the lead
ing edge of one wing. This propeller
Is the size of toy pinwheel. Like
the toy it changes speed with &C.
celeration OF the plane.
1t runs faster If the plane dips,
slower II it ascends, steady If level
The propeller drives a little generator
This generator huns in the pilots
ears.
Its tone grows shriller for dip,
lower for ascent, tells him whether
the plane is level. 1t tells him quicker
than the eye could do the same thing.
For the electric current is amplif1ed,
so that a slight deviation shrieks its
warning.
Turn Of Ship Indicated.
In the phone circuit there is small
gyroscope, set to indicate the slightest
turn Of the ship to left or right. II
the plane turns this gyro cuts of one
ear phone.
The pilot then knows he is starting
to turn toward the side on which he
still hears the hum Here, too, the
sound warning can be quicker than
the eye.
This hook-up is only one Of the
devices by which sound can be used
for plotting. De Florez predicted an
other, in which pilots may listen for
direction of distant radio stations, the
same as they would listen to and fol-
low shouted hello" on ground.
The new ears are not designed for
the blind. but for aviators who must
fly in fog, clouds and darkness.
Evening star., 1936-01-31
Bill Asks New Naval Post.

A bill to create an additional As
sistant Secretary Of the Navy for Re-
serve Affairs was introduced yesterday
by Chairman Trammel Of the Naval
Affairs Committee.
Under the BILL this ofiicial would
bs principally responsible for the de-
velopment Of Navy and Marine Re.
serve Corps. The Navy now has oue
Assistant Secretary.
Evening star., 1936-01-31
FIVE EXPRESS TRAINS
CANCELLED BY POLAND
Freezing of German Transit Debt
of $11, 100000 Hits Pomorze
Corridor Schedule,

BY the Associated Press.
WARSAW, January 31.-The Polish
government has announced it would
cancel, February 7, Eve express trains,
one local and all extra trains running
through the Pomorze Corridor be-
tween the Reich and East Prussia be-
cause of freezing of the German
transit debt Of 100000 zlotys
(about $11 100000.
The debt was said to be accruing
by 100000 Zlotys monthly.
The decree canceling the trains
was based on the Polish German
Transit Convention of 1921. During
a discussion in the Sejm Budget Com
mittee today, Deputy Mieddinski said
the decision had no political, but ex-
clusively a financial meaning.
He attacked DR.. Hjalmar Schacht,
German economic minister, declaring
Schacht should not be permitted to
try experiments at Poland's expense.
Evening star., 1936-01-31

LII tlic ulSpucu
reports sent out
from Rome, one
reads that the
white invaders
have again rout-
ed the dismayed
Ethiopians after
destroying tre-
mendous num-
bers of the black
warriors, while
casualties on the
I t a ia n side
amounted to two
infantrymen suf-
fering from fallen
arches and one
Evening star., 1936-01-31
What's What
BehindNeWs
in Capital
Liberty Leaguer's Chief
Aim Is to "Beat
Roosevelt"
BY PAUL MALLON.
BY PAUL MALLOr
L SMITH did not say where

A L SMITH did not say where
~ he would take that walk to,
~ but some Of his top confreres
4 \ in the American Liberty
League have a destination. Their
strolling plans were adopted at few
secret confahs before and after they
heard Al speak at the dinner.
It was all unofiicial, OF course. but
nonetheless definite. While It may
not now be confirmed, ofncially you
may mark it down in your memory
as the agreed charted course Of AIS
pals, II not Of AL himself.
(a) If the Republicans nominate
q conservative on a conservative plat
form, they will support him.
(bl If Senator Borah or Senator
Vandenberg Cthese two names were
mentioned specifically or ANY one
like that" is nominated, they will not
support him.
(c) If they cannot support the Re-
publican nominee, third party will
be put into the field"
You can have one guess and no
more as to the identity Of the candi-
date of that third party.
Evening star., 1936-01-31
Congress Miin Brief
=
TODAY.

Senate:
In recess.
Foreign Relations Committee con.
tinues neutrality legislation study.
Agricultural Subcommittee considers
farm situation.
House:
Continues consideration OF Interior
Department appropriations bill.
Appropriations Committee in exec
utive session on Agriculture Depart
ment supply bill.
TOMORROW.
Senate:
Will not be in session.
House:
Not expected to be in session.
Evening star., 1936-01-31
PETAIN TO HEAD u. S.
INFORMATION BUREAU
French War Hero Says Purpose
Is to Strengthen Traditional
Links Between Nations

BY the Associated Press.
PARIS, January 31-Marshal Henri
Petain, French World War hero, dis
closed yesterday he would be presi-
dent of new French bureau of in
formation" in the United States.
1t will open offices in New York and
Paris March !.
Speaking to the American Club Of
Paris the marshal said the purpose Of
the bureau is ito strengthen the ira
ditional links between the two coun-
tries, by adding understanding to
sympathy"
The bureau. he asserted, will be to
supply complete information concern
ing France without serving any
French commercial interests"
Evening star., 1936-01-31

William Allen White, distin-
ouisised editor of the Emporia.
(Kans.) Gazette, vh0 Is close to the
inner circles OF the Republican
party, discusses here the political
situation precipitated BY the speech
OF Alfred E. Smith before the
American Liberty League. Mr..
White recently returned from an
extended Disit to the Orient, ,Dhere
he attended the inauguration OF
the Philippine commonwealth.
Evening star., 1936-01-31

pulled the docu-
ments to prove Al
Smith q pusillan-
imous such and
S u c h. In the
meantime, Gov.
Landon sounded
what may be the
Western Repub-
lican keynote in
his Topeka, Kan
Sas day speech.
The three pro-
nouncements are
significant. Y e t
what AL Smith
s said about the
Now noal MI q G
Evening star., 1936-01-31

4~OCC l AAC uAAOCA ~ AAAS &AA1pVA o0AASS Va
this decision is far beyond what Al
limited. It cuts his party ties more
definitely than he did. It means that
any idea of a pre-convention fight
to prevent President Roosevelt's nomi-
nation is out the window. It precludes
the possibility Of any change which
would make Roosevelt acceptable. It
shows that the big idea Is to beat
Roosevelt and that the most practical
means of attaining that end IL to be
followed.
T. v. A. Foes Doubtful.
Shrewd anli-T. v. A. lawyers pri-
vately profess increasing doubt as to
whether the Supreme Court will de-
clare the Tennessee Valley Authority
unconstitutional. They have tipped
congressional friends that they are
not at all certain the court will con-
tinue its demolition Of the New Deal.
Chalk up as columnar error the
assertion recently made in these lines
that John Raskob's income tax for
1929 stood approved for six years. A
6O-day letter, first asserting the de-
ficiency, was mailed by the Internal
Revenue Bureau in December. 1882,
but not made public.
A contest has existed in the Board
of Tax Appeals since then.
This does not alter the fact that
the last bureau attack on Raskob was
given publicity few days after he
threatened to sue Chairman Farley
for q $25,000 loan to the Democratic
National Committee.
incidentally Farley has since
paid of Raskob. A p'aotostat OF the
check is being exhibited by Fdrleys
friends. The matter is closed, er-
cept for the expected extraction Of
about $4,000 from Mr.. Raskob By
the tar authorities.
Smiling Federal Tax Collector Guy
Helvering strolled out Of Mr.. Roose-
velt's office the other day. He told in
quiring newsEaen that he had dis
cussed with the President the Kansas
political situation.
A few hours later they asked Mr..
Roosevelt about it. He said the Kan
sas political situation had not been
discussed.
Not alone from this disparity Of an
nouncements, but from other hints.
came q rumor that Mr.. Helvering
would retire and that that was what
they discussed.
Some New Dealers want to present
less of q political front In the tax
collectors Office for the campaign.
Name Calling Stage Reached.
Politicians are getting so excited by
their own and opposition speeches
that the inner atmosphere Of WASH
ington now is as combustible as dur
ing the usual week before election.
The name-calling stage was reached
when Congress convened month ago.
With nine months to 60 before elec-
ton, it is apparent that the boys are
going to start throwing rocks soon,
or break few blood vessels.
The tension is particularly notice.
able inside the House.
Speaker Byrns wanted to pass the
innocuous Interior Department appro-
priation bill the other day. Repre-
sentative Taylor, In charge, informed
the Speaker that he had IS requests
for speaking time. Not more than
five wanted to speak about the bill.
The other so wanted to make political
campaign speeches.
That is why it required days for
the House to pass an appropriation
bill that is usually passed In q few
hours.
Evening star., 1936-01-31
PHONE EXECUTIVE SEES
WAY CUT PROFANITY
Official of Canadian Concern Says
Fewer Wrong Numbers Would
Bring Result.
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
TORONTO, January 81. Fewer
wrong numbers would mean less pro-
family, w. j. Gains, manager Of the
Bell Telephone Co. Of Canada, said
yesterday before joint session Of the
Ontario Municipal Electric Association
and the Association Of Municipal Elec-
trio Utilities.
If I could reduce the number Of
wrong connections by 100 a day." he
said, there might be such q lessen
ing in the use of profane language
that my work could easily be as
great as that Of any preachers"
Evening star., 1936-01-31
RABID DOG INVADES
SCHOOL AND BITES SIX
Two Others Are Victims Before
Animal Is Slain-Canine Quar-
antine Established.

antine Esta blished.
BY the Associated Press.
FALL RUN, W. Va, January 81
A rabid dog brought panic to a school
room yesterday, biting five children
and an adult before another man
killed 1t.
A physician reported the dog in the
last stages Of rabies. Health officers
ordered general dog quarantine.
Charles Bragg, IL; Charles Lilly,
IA, and Junior Meadows, 10, were
bitten as they sought to protect class
mates, one of whom. Genevieve
Hatcher, 10, was wounded on a shoul-
der.
Routed from the class room, the dog
injured an unidentified mail carrier
and Donald Meadows, IA.
Evening star., 1936-01-31
Irwin S. Cobb
Says:
Wars Are Won by Side
With Best Men as
Advance Agents.

HOUSTON, Tex, January 31.-
Modern wars are won by the side
with the best advance agent-at
least so far as the press notices go.
Y,, i,,cxoi~1l
Evening star., 1936-01-31
BY WILLIAM ALLEN WHITE.

The campaign Of 1896 opened for
mally this week with two stinkpots
and a whizzbang.
AL Smith called Roosevelt double
croSsin' so and so. Joe Robinson
Evening star., 1936-01-31
WYOMING CONSIDERS
SEEING A. A. A. FUND
Professors Have No Right to Tax
as Mere Collectors, Says Gov
ernor, Asking Study.

BY the Associated Press.
CHEYENNE, Wyo.. January 81
Procedure for possible seizure by the
State of processing taxes collected in
Wyoming and impounded during A. A.
A. litigation was studied last night by
the attorney general.
Gov. Leslie A. Miller requested the
study, saying he was convinced pro-
cessors had no right to the money be-
cause they acted only as collectors and
it was impossible for them to refund
the taxes to the intimate consumer in
most cases.
SPRINGFIELD, ILL.,, January 81
@.-United States District Judge J.
Earl Major yesterday denied customers
Of six firms the right to share in the
refunds Of processing taxes held in
escrow by the Government.
He released approximately 81, ,533, 1856,
the refunding of which had been or
dered held up pending disposition Of
the intervenors' petitions.
Evening star., 1936-01-31

ana enunclatl0n, Win tne range and HeXiblllty OF
. dramatic baritone. John Mccormack and John
Charles Thomas could teach him nothing.
Gov. Smiths delivery was the rugged, salty
quality Of the man himself. In his latest speech
he toned down such words as "radio," FIRST" and
third" in . way that should be more pleasing to
1882 enunciations.
Senator Robinson read his reply to the Gov
ernor in . rumbling soporinc monotone, as though
he were performing an assignment not especially
relished by him.
Senator Borah spoke with fevered vigor. But
Evening star., 1936-01-31

Senate gsaes for Possibly radio
mission
high pitched and bit srident He
could do better in = lower key.
All this nothing with what the speakers have
the opposition the New Deal required golden voice almost
urgently : sound program.
CccySght 1e3el
Evening star., 1936-01-31
The National Scene
BY ALICE ROOSEVELT LONGWORTH

GOOD radio voice be important
pan The President has immense advantage there
has the perfectly cultivated Groon infection