davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1936-03-26
s'COllective Bargaining.''

What does the right OF collective bar
gaining, as provided in the national
labor relations act, mean?
To Judge John P. Barnes in Federal
District Court at Chicago it means fore
ing the closed shop on an employer, with
no IFS" lands" or butts" about it. It
does not mean employer -employe dis
cussion of the advantages or disadvan-
tages Of the closed shop. It does not
mean the give-and- commonly un-
derstood in bargaining" To Judge
Barnes it means all the giving is on the
side of the employer, all the taking on
the side of the employe. And this, he
holds in the most sweeping decision so
far rendered on this question, Is un-
constitutional, depriving the employer
of property rights in violation of the
nth amendment.
!, Judge Barnes reasons as follows: After
majority vote of employees has deter
mined the bargaining unit (either q
company union or q branch Of ma
tional union) the employer must bar
gain collectively" with that unit con-
cerning "an agreement" with the unit
ITO require as condition Of employment
membership" in the unit-in other words.
the closed shop. If the employer has no
intention of granting the closed shop.
Judge Barnes holds he Is not bargain
ing" Says the Judge, illustrating his
Evening star., 1936-03-26
THIS AND THAT
BY CHARLES e. TRAcEWELL.

Some one reminds US that We haven't
written about the guppy for almost q
year.
Well. that will never do!
The place Of the guppy in the aquarium
Is too well established to be neglected
Even those who have no guppies maybe
win, some day, SO 1t is well to be pre-
pared.
The very fact that this very small fish
requires the least preparation often &C
counts for the fact that 1t Is very much
abused.
Because scores Of them can exist In q
very small tank is still no reason why
they should be made to do 50.
Let those who contemplate guppies,
and more guppies, therefore, get firmly
placed in their minds the desirability Of
giving these animals an even break.
Confning go Of them in two gallons Of
water. as many have been guilty of do
ing, is not playing square with your
guppies.
Nor is an all-dry diet to their well-be-
ing.
Let it be admitted that they will do
nicely, thank you, in extremely small
quarters.
And that they will swim vigorously on
prepared foods as their only ration.
But as the generations come along
they will become weaker and weaker, so
that at the end of three. and certainly
four, generations, there will be many
with bent backs and hollow stomachs,
and many to die sad animal death.
Any one who contemplates beginning
a tropical aquarium with this "beginner's s
fish" should keep well in mind the ne
cessity for fewer and better guppies,
mostly secured by large tank and some
live food.
A little of the history of this fish will
help the beginner, especially to pro-
nounce its name correctly.
1t was discovered" many years ago by
an Englishman, Lechemere Guppy, Esq.
The name is pronounced with the III"
sound as in the word cup" and the ac-
cent is on the first syllable.
At the British Museum, where the
specimens were sent. it was named "Gi-
rardinus guppyi," meaning the Girardi-
nus of Guppy. (Girard was q scientist
who determined the genus, subsequently
named after him.
This was the old name, and why many
persons today insist on calling the small
fish "guppyi," which is hard to spell and
to say, and there is no reason for it any
more. because the name no longer
exists.
We have heard heated arguments, as
to whether "guppyi" is singular or plural
when all the time it is misnomer.
The name was changed. scientists
often do, and today the proper scientific
name of the creature is "Lebistes reticu-
latis."
The popular name, however, still re-
mains 'guppy" The plural is guppies.
The ~" is definitely out, having neither
standing nor need when the scientific
name was changed.
Why many persons want to stick to the
cumbersome Latin form, when the whole
reason for being Of popular name is
that it is a getting away from the scien-
tiflc Latin, Is something of mystery.
No doubt N goes back to something in
human mai ure, which compels many
persons. Sc .mingly, to "show off, the
little such knowledge they have, even
when incol ect.
: The new standard for guppy culture
Evening star., 1936-03-26

requires q gallon of water to each adult
animal.
This will mean that 10, or certainly not
over IL, guppies, should 60 into 10
gallon aquarium.
This win seem tremendously under
populated, but only for a time. Soon
there will be more guppies in the tank
than it ought to hold.
The inclination of many beginners is
TO keep the newborn and give away the
parents. This Is q mistake. 1t should
be just the other way around.
Keep the oldsters and give away the
babies. Sch them, If so inclined, and
it can be done. But at any rate do not
keep very many Of them, for 1t Is the
surplus population which in time tends
to spoil the guppy aquarium.
This business of having q whole lot
Of fish," even little ones, In one tank. is
the bane of all fish keeping in the home.
That it can be done, under certain cir
cumstances, does not prove that 1t should
be done.
A little fish, such as the guppy, can
suffer as much from overcrowding as a
larger animal. 1t simply will not show
1t rs much to the unframed eye. To
the experienced eye, however, the fishes
in two small tank will appear just as
overcrowded, no matter how little they
are.
Most Of the problems Of fish keeping
come to those who, thoughtlessly or pur-
posely, overcrowd the tanks.
Ten guppies, for instance, in 10-gal-
lon aquarium, would give their keeper
so little trouble that he actually could
live up to the theoretical statement, so
often heard, "Oh, never have to change
the water, or do anything!"
Often this statement is Just so much
"blah," made by persons who have kept
aquarium fishes for all of three months,
and who have no animals over six
months of age.
1t is not until the individual fishes at
tain the ripe old age for an aquarium
Of three years or over that one can
understand the real vigils necessary to
keep them alive and healthy.
Older fishes are dirtier in every way.
Tank walls, due to long exposure to
chemical changes in the water, and re-
peated layers of green algae growing on
them, tend in time to become more diff
ficult to manage.
Nothing Is more messy-looking than
the aquarium, guppy or otherwise, which
the owner is quite determined shall run
year or two without change"
With good water, as hereaboutS there
is no reason at all for this insistence on
theory. when all too often actuality calls
for cleaning-up process.
If just q few guppies are purchased
at first and the tank population severely
limited, there Is no aquarium that will
need less management. no one which
will give so much pleasure to so many
persons.
The guppy has suffered. as all popular
things do. from being so common and SO
cheap, but it is, after all, mighty fine
little fish, and one well worth keeping,
not only by the beginner but by every
one interested in Nature. A well-estab-
lished guppy tank, with plants and water
and fishes doing nicely, is a real slice of
nature. and an ornament to the home.
Only remember: Not more than one
fish to gallon. Don't let anybody fool
you by saying, "Oh, I keep two dozen
in gallon, and they get along SWELL"
Have heart, and give the guppies a
chance.
Evening star., 1936-03-26

point: zone cannot be said to bargain
for the purchase of house If he has q
settled determination never to buy q
house on any terms" The law. in the
judges opinion, requires the employer
to bargain in good faith with intent to
enter into some sort of closed-shop
agreement" That means the employer
must agree to a closed shop, which the
Judge says is the intent of the act of
Congress. Furthermore, says the court,
the act applies compulsion to only one Of
the contracting parties-the employer.
Thus the employer has been deprived, in
reality, Of his right to bargain at all.
All the bargaining is done by one side
the employe.
The Judge holds other objections to
the act. Manufacturing. he says, is not
commerce, and therefore not subject to
the regulation imposed under the act.
Despite Judge Barnes decision, the
Government is still ahead in the legal
tests of the labor relations act. Three
decisions have held it constitutional,
two have held 1t unconstitutional. In
fourteen out of twenty-five cases, courts
have refused to grant injunctions re-
straining the labor board from holding
further hearings. The board has been
upheld in both Of the cases so far reach
ing circuit courts of appeal. Twenty-one
other cases are pending in various parts
of the country.
Judge Barnes decision, in addition to
being one of the most sweeping. is also
one of the most important. The final
battle over validity of the act will doubt
less be fought along the lines he marks.
Evening star., 1936-03-26
Shooting Stars.
BY PHILANDER JOHNSON.
The Book.

The Book.
Now is this not a picture book!
A page each day unfolding
On which with pleasure we may look.
Fair promise each is holding,
AS here and there it shows a song
With such a pleasant greeting.
We're sure that as we read along
Good news we will be meeting.
We've had the ogres who conspire
To harm or only frighten:
We've seen the witches stir the fire,
The potency to heighten
OF hateful brewS. But once again,
With splendid execution,
Goodfellow Robin plies a pen
To make his contribution.
Evening star., 1936-03-26
Watch and Wait.

The House Appropriations Committee
report accompanying its quickly ap-
proved recommendation for an increase
over budget figures of the supplemental
relief appropriation is a candid preSen-
tation of the local relief problem and
an equally candid admission that the
committee does not have the least idea
how that problem is going to be solved.
It is a report of national, as well as
local, Importance
What the report says, in effect, is that
there are some nine thousand eases" de-
pendent on local relief funds. The money
asked by the Commissioners would have
supported these cases at present relief
standards for. the remainder of the cur
rent fiscal year. The Budget Bureau cut
the request more than half which would
eliminate, automatically, large num-
ber of people from the rolls. The COM
mittee is willing to grant more than the
Budget Bureau asked, but still far less
than the Commissioners asked. The
result is that large number of people
will be cut from the relief rolls. That is
bad. But if some start on reducing the
relief burden is not gradually undertaken
now, when will it ever be undertaken?
What is to become of those people cut
from the relief rolls the committee has
no way of knowing The committee eX-
presses the rather pious hope that some
employment may be found here or some
where else as Summer approaches. 1t
expresses the opinion that gifts to pri
vate charity-the Community Chest
ought to be higher than ever before;
sound theory, perhaps, but not fact.
What is going to happen to the people
dropped from relief rolls? The commit
tee does not know, the relief authorities
do not know, the community does not
know Well, why not find out? Ever
since public relief was begun the relief
load has grown heavier. In Washington,
as the committee pointed out, this has
taken place in the face of recognized
improvement in employment and busi-
ness conditions. The relief authorities
local as well as Federal-have main
tained that the need exists. The congress
sional committees dealing with local ap-
propriations have maintained that the
needs we're exaggerated. Why not find
out who is right?
Relief expenditures in the District
Federal and local-will amount to SILL
100000 in this fiscal year, about fourth
OF the District budget. Local expendi-
lures, from local tax revenues, amount
only to about twenty per cent of this
amount. Next year the Federal Gov
ernment plans to shift higher per-
centage to the District government. Yet,
on the basis of the District bill just
passed by the House, the same Situa-
ton now prevailing for the remainder Of
this fiscal year will continue, p magni-
fed form, during the next fiscal year.
The Federal relief policy, applied to
the District of Columbia under direc-
ton of the Federal authorities, has DEM
onstrated that the greater the relief ex-
penditure the greater the demand for
relief. The experiment now is to see if
the rule works both ways; to see if the
demand for relief diminishes with the
expenditures. 1t may not be logical, but
1t is apparently the only thing left
to try.
Evening star., 1936-03-26

AS a personal participant in flood re-
lief Mr.. Harry Hopkins shows the kind
Of courage that faces quinine capsule
with as much fortitude as soldier faces
a bomb. Regardless of differences as to
theory, individual bravery is always to
be admired, and the malaria germ is
never a foe to be despised.
Evening star., 1936-03-26

1t may take the reports from food
or fire disaster to call attention to how
much value suburban community had
to be destroyed. Rebuilding is always
conducted on lines of improvement, and
misfortune may prove blessing in dis
guise because of its renewed impulse for
development of natural resources.
Evening star., 1936-03-26
Change Of Mind.

do you ever change your mind?"
Now and then," answered Senator
Sorghum.
do you ever apologize for doing SOP"
Certainly not. In my opinion man
who never changes his mind is likely to
be one of those chaps who are capable
of having only one idea in lifetime"
Evening star., 1936-03-26
A Rhyme at Twilight
By
Gertrude Brooke Hamilton
The Call.

Fair Spring, with her own soft caress,
Has blown the frost away,
Bidding her flowers, in loveliness,
Drink of the sunlight gay.
Her birds are singing golden time,
Holding high holiday;
She calls them from the far South cline
Away, away, away.
And we who found the Winter cold,
We, too, her call obey;
Fen frozen hearts to love unfold
Under her gentle sway.
Evening star., 1936-03-26

AS Russia discusses communism" it
assumes to define little beyond series
of experiments the results of which are
still to be ascertained.
Evening star., 1936-03-26
Viewpoint.

Viewpoint.
you must feel very comfortable, with
so much wealth"
Comfortable! returned MIR. Dustin
stax. why, can't even enjoy beau
tiful sunrise without feeling that the
world has started another day by get
ting into the red"
Evening star., 1936-03-26

Challenges as to how far citizen can
throw dollar continue. The average
taxpayer still offers the prologue. "First
catch your dollar"
Evening star., 1936-03-26

An impatient world is awaiting news
from Ethiopia Of an adjustment of bones
and tamborine in proper subordination
to the music of Verdi.
Evening star., 1936-03-26

Confidence is expressed that congress
sional flood of oratory can be controlled
without sandbagging.
Evening star., 1936-03-26

Out Of the Spotlight.
From the Cheyenne CwyoJ State Tribune.
If Russia and Japan fight, and Ger
many and France, what will the Duce
do to attract attention..
Evening star., 1936-03-26
Not REQUIRED Now.

moi required NOW.
Prom the Sacramento Bee.
Radio mechanics have invented q de-
vice for producing artificial fever over
the air, but II probably will be unneces.
sary until the coming season Of radio
campaign speeches Is over.
Evening star., 1936-03-26
Hitlers PHILOSOPHY.

From the indianapolis Star.
Hitler's foreign policy Is founded on
the belief that one good bluff deserves
another.
Evening star., 1936-03-26
All Welcome.

From thes Albuquerque journal.
A political party Is about the only
place where anybody always is welcome.
Evening star., 1936-03-26
Rate by MaiI-Payable I'm Advance.
Member Of the Associated Press.

The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to
the use for republication of all news dispatches
credited to 1t or not otherwise credited in this
paper and also the local news published herein.
herein are also reserved.
Evening star., 1936-03-26

mo matter which come FIRST" said
Uncle Eben. 1T was lucky fob de chicken
business dat it didn't arrive whar folks
VIII hastv appetites would see it,
Evening star., 1936-03-26
PeriShable Products.

Vanished are good intentions deemed
So noble and so clever.
Those New Year resolutions seemed
Less durable than ever.
Evening star., 1936-03-26
Comrades ut Last.

The farmer to the speculator said,
"Why should you seem to be
BY Fate through primrose paths Of dal-
lance led
While I few pleasures see?"
The speculator turned away and sighed,
1.-THE courses we pursue
Bring neither one to comfortable pride.
I'm broke, the same as you."
Jud Tunkins says the farmer might be
q little better of if some of the high
grade paint on the roadside advertising
could be put on the barns.
mo one is 50 often and so easily de-
ceived," said Hi Ho, the sage of China
town, "as one who makes it q rule to
believe nothing"
Evening star., 1936-03-26


and Cleveland, 1t is not expected that
any of these States will leave their DEM
ocratic mooringS this year. Had Huey
Long lived and had he persisted in his
opposition to the reelection Of Presi-
dent Roosevelt. he might have caused
some real trouble for the President in
Louisiana, Mississippi and Arkansas.
Gov. Talmadge of Georgia has sought
to stir up trouble for the President in
his own State and in other States OF the
South, but it looks as though his efforts
had been a fash in the pan.
The Republican National Convention
in Cleveland next June will be composed
of 1901 delegates. 1t viii, therefore. take
a minimum Of Sol delegate votes to iloni-
nate the candidates for President and
Vice President. Unless there should be
q much greater crystallization Of senti-
ment than now seems likely, it does not
appear that any of the foremost candi-
dates for the presidential nomination
will 60 into the convention with as many
delegates as that supporting him. Lam
don Of Kansas now seems to be in the
lead. Borah and Knox will have their
quotas, with Borah having, in all proba-
bility, many of the delegates from the
northern tier of western States-the
Dakotas, idaho, Oregon. Wisconsin, and
perhaps Minnesota. The most promis.
ing dark horse of the presidential race,
should the convention be unable to
nominate on the first or second ballot,
seems to be Senator vandenberg of Mich
igan. He might well inherit some of the
Borah strength, and he has friends in
many parts of the country. Borah, who
at one time might have been very
friendly to the Landon candidacy, seems
bent on eliminating the Kansas Gov.
ernor II that can bs done.
Evening star., 1936-03-26

@. What is stereotype metal?-A. H. +.
A. This is an alloy composed OF lead,
81 parts; tin, II parts; antimony Is
parts. It is used in the printing trades
for casting stereotype plates from which
daily newspapers and sometimes books
are printed.
Evening star., 1936-10-02
l975-b

q shantung. linen, cotton or q col
legiate print. The shirtwaister in
fluence dominates the style with clever
patch pockets, front and back yoke
and Q generous flare to the divided
skirt, contributing their share toward
comfort and ease. Have your way
about the sleeves-the pattern offers
both long and short versions.
Barbara Bell pattern No. 1s75-B Is
available for sizes IL, "A, l6, l8 and
20. Corresponding bust measures, 80.
30, "a, SO and SO. Size II (32) re-
quires 31s yards of 54-inch material.
Send Is cents for the Fall Barbara
Bell Pattern Book. Make yourself at
tractive, practical and becoming
clothes, selecting designs from the
Barbara Bell well planned, easy-to-
make patterns. Interesting and ex-
elusive fashions for little children ano
the difficult junior age, slenderizing
well-cut patterns for the mature fig
ure, afternoon dresses for the mos
particular young women and matrons
and other patterns for special occa-
sions are all to be found in the Bar
bara Bell Pattern Book.
tcopyrisht. 1850
Evening star., 1936-10-02

ago. It's hexibility, both in foil and
in heavier form, has added immeas-
urably to its usefulness; when sheets
Of tin are bent they produce weird.
creaking noise, called "the cry Of tins"
THE art Of food preservation ad-
vanced slowly from the earlier
days when man FIRST sought to keep
the treasures of the feast for the days
Of famine. At first the only method
known was to change the form of
the food itself-such as making cheese
from milk-then came smoking, pick
ling. drying and sailing. These four
were generally used for centuries, and
further advance in keeping" foods
was not definitely observed until about
1910, when an attempt was made to
preserve meat by placing it in a
sealed container. This was not en-
inently satisfactory. and it took the
great strides made in chemistry, bac-
teriology and medicine to arrive at
the almost perfect conditions which
exist today.
That tin can which you open 50
quickly, and discard 80 casually, has
come a long. long way to reach your
kitchen. From the slopes Of the tow
ering Andes, or from some far-ofi
Eastern country, 1t has been brought,
over miles upon miles Of rails. to ships
waiting to bear it across the ocean TO
the great works and plants where 1t
Is converted into usable material.
From there it sails more seas, UNDER
goes more shaping and polishing; then
it travels again, to the great factory
where 1t is filled with delicacies, often
unheard of In the mines from which
1t has come. Packed, shipped-more
travelling; finally by truck, car, or
what have you. it reaches the grocer's
shelves. And then to you and your
can opener.
The next time you want dinner In
hurry. with no trouble or fuss" CT
preparation, think just . moment
about that tin that rests under your
hand. So ordinary, SO much q fea-
ture of our daily lives that we never
notice 1t until we need it. 1t has a
story that might almost be IN the
Arabian Nights"
A far cry from the immensity Of
the Andes to q goats muzzle!
Evening star., 1936-10-02
Dorothy Dix Says
Marriage Never Turns Out to Be as Good
as Anticipated.

alas, no sooner had the wedding bells
ceased to ring than I discovered that
my husband was like all the rest. He
wouldn't stand for the truth, couldn't
bear the truth. He wanted me to
caiole him and yes-yes him and rub
his fur the right way. AS soon as I
discovered that most of the wives who
are Truthful James were sitting at
home wondering where Is my wander
ing boy tonight joined the ranks Of
the wives who manage their husbands
in the good old tactful way"
Said another man: MY big dis
appointment in marriage has been
that my wife has been all mother and
no wife. Since our frst baby was
born I have been nothing but good
provider. She has never considered
my pleasure or happiness or conven-
ience. She has never tried to en-
tertain or amuse me. I have been
nothing to her except a cash register
for the children to punch"
So say these. What has been your
great disappointment in marriage?
Evening star., 1936-10-02

Coming downtown the other
must have geam the
she began talking about her job at
She likes crochet but she can't work ANYTHING big She wanted
CLOTH hit
putting
hcuarly
dinner cloth bed these attractive motifs for though they
shape together
The pattern contains complete illustrated
directions with material
wi
pattern.
Editor
Of The Evening