davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1936-05-30
Interstate Commerce and
The Sovereignty of States

To the Editor OF The Star:
What is interstate commerce?"
The Constitution does not define It.
Those two words are both too broad and
too small to do anything more than only
suggest its meaning.
Why cannot Congress define it, or at
least declare what shall be or may be
interstate commerce"
Is gold mining, coal mining, banking
business, whose intra-State business is
also interstate business, a matter Of fact
for Congress to decide, or must our Su-
preme Court dig into those two words
of the Constitution to decide it?
Does the Constitution, written $50
years ago. determine it?
And who put the idea Of State SOW
ereignty in the Constitution? Is 1t so
good to have 48 sovereign States, each
sovereign over itself, in so many respects,
as State-righters would have us believe?
Did England put this State sover-
eighty" into our Constitution because
she did not like to see one great SOW
ereign power rival herself over here?
She preferred us to be 13 sovereign,
lighting, jealous nations, instead of one
great, powerful one. Was not that her
policy?
England had much influence over
here in that very Constitutional Conven-
ton. She knew what she wanted, and
She knew how to handle our orators and
make them shout for home rule, SOW
ereign rights and all that stuff, which
only sounds good and may be as weak
ening as it is strong.
Was 1t not State sovereignty which
almost broke us up in the sixties? -.
Is that what may break us up again
II the State or one individual of that
State can hold back congressional legis-
lation which may be essential to our
existence, and to all those prophetic ut
terances which appear In the preamble
OF our great Constitution-"to promote
the general welfare of the people of the
United States" ETC.?
State sovereignty within a sovereignty
is too impossible for language to prop
erly define. If the law has no leeway in
these interpretations, State sovereignty
may block as well as preserve that gen.
eral welfare and the blessings that 20
with 1t.
1t is time We wake up and examine
our Constitution in the light of this day.
l believe Justice Cardozo is showing
the way. SAM HEINELICH.
Evening star., 1936-05-30

the administration has gone crazy over
Government spending and has adopted
the view Of Chief spender Hopkins when
he said half billion dollars is "only
chicken feed"
Only black-hearted Republican would
suggest that the big sums being made
available for expenditure after July l
happen to fall in a national political
campaign year, a campaign that cul-
inmates next November. Yet think OF
what is going on. Almost two billion
and half dollars on April remained
to be expended for relief and public
works. Only two months before the
beginning of the new fiscal year. On
the beginning of the fiscal year vast
amount of this money will still be un-
expended, and yet the administration Is
demanding - and getting - another
81 500 100000 to be used for relief"
While this appropriation is being
showed through Congress by the admin
istration, charges of waste and political
corruption in many States, growing out
of the Works Progress Administration
are coming to the fore. These charges
are rife in Pennsylvania-andh have been
for long time. They come from Mis-
souri, and West Virginia and many other
States. So far there has been no of1cial
investigation of these charges-unless
the repeated declarations by Mr.. Hopkins
that everything is lovely can be con-
sidered an answer to the charges. 1t is
time the country was permitted to know
the truth about this situation.
Evening star., 1936-05-30
Townsend Investigation
Merely a Smoke Scree,

To the Editor OF The Star
The Townsend investigation is simply
a smoke screen to cover I'D the waste
and inef1ciency of the Roosevelt admin
istration. 1t seems to me that most peo-
pie will admit the 'impossibility of the
Townsend pension plan; however, Dr.
Townsend's plan" is just another racket,
no worse than the one Mr.. Farley car
ries on and no worse than any other po-
litical racket
Because the Roosevelt administration
and the entire "set-up" under it is a
farce" the Townsend movement was
conceived and carried thus far; had the
New Deal given adequate and honest
relief to those who really deserve 1t,
without political favor, there would have
been no need for the Townsend plan.
Let the United States Senate inves-
tigate the P. w. A. and Mr.. Farley S
activities and see what will happen. The
Senate doesn't dare, because the out
come Of such an investigation will reveal
Mr.. Farley's racket and the utter use
lessness of Franklin D. Roosevelts ad-
miniStration.
FREDERICK E. HORSTMANN.
New York City.
Evening star., 1936-05-30

1t so happens that the snails along
the shores of the Potomac near Wash
ington are Of different species than
those along the brooks emptying into the
river.
They constitute two different faunaS-
yet there is no physical barrier keeping
the two apart. Yet they are as distinct
as if there were a high wall between
them.
This apparently insignificant fact
attracted the attention of DR.. Paul
Bartsch, now curator of mollusks at the
United States National Museum, 40 years
ago when he first came to Washington
and was making an intensive study of
the molluscan life of the District of
Columbia area
Today it constitutes the basis of the
method by which millions of persons on
the other side Of the world may be
rescued from q debilitating and often
fatal illness.
After an intensive study Dr. BartSch
hit upon the reason for the exclusiveneSs
of the snails. The Potomac was slightly
alkaline. Its tributary brooks in Mary
land and Virginia were acid. Some kinds
of snails could live only in an alkaline
environment. Some kinds could live only
in an acid environment. There was a
chemical life-and-death wall between
the two molluscan faunas. This was
long before the now familiar Phi effects,
or effects of hydrogen ion concentra-
ton, had been much investigated in
biology.
Superficially 1t appeared only an in
teresting observation, Of importance only
to specialists in snails. DR.. Paul BartSch,
now curator Of mollusks of the Smith
sonian Institution, recorded 1t in his
note book and thought little more about
it for the time being.
Meanwhile, on the other side of the
world, 200 0000,0 900 persons were suffering
from the strange disease. Often 1t was
fatal. Always it resulted in a pro-
nounced loss Of energy and efficiency.
1t extended through large areas of China,
Japan, Formosa and the Philippines.
Medical specialists studied the malady-
schistomiasis. 1t was due, they found,
to tiny worm. one Of the blood flukes,
which bored into the body and swan
around in the blood stream. Where did
1t come from?
Japanese investigators finally solved
the problem. The blood fluke passed
through an invariable life history. It's
larvae, In order to survive, must bore
into the body or . certain kind of snail,
where it underwent a series of meta
morphoses and finally emerged in the
form In which it was ready to attack
human beings, dogs, cats, cattle and
rats 1t bored through the skin into
the body and started its parasitic exist
ence in the blood stream. 1t was espe-
cially likely to attack workers in the rice
paddles, who wade with bare feet. 1t
would have been miracle, in fact. If
such o person should escape. Few did.
Schistomiasis was one of the great
scourges of mankind-comparable in i'm
portance In the Orient with such q
Evening star., 1936-05-30
Mr.. Byrd Is Astonished.

Senator Harry Flood Byrd of Virginia
is "astonished to discover" that the
Roosevelt administration is planning to
spend $500, 900 900 more for ordinary gov
ernmental expenses and'for relief in the
next fiscal year than it is spending for
the present fiscal year, which ends June
80. The Roosevelt administration,
which claims that the country is on the
road to recovery. is not advertising the
fact that it is to continue with its
enormous spending program even on a
larger scale. That, perhaps, is the rea-
son why the Virginia Senator is now
surprised. He dug up the facts in the
case himself. when he wrote to the
director of the budget and asked him
several specific and perhaps embarrassing
questions.
From the director of the budget Sen
ator Byrd learned, too, that on April 80
of this year the Government had on
hand unexpended balances for relief and
public works amounting to 81, ,488, 900 900,
and of this amount $75O,00o,o0O had not
even been obligated. This apparently
was another surprise for the Senator.
for he comments on the fact that Con-
gress is being asked to pass another
heavy relief bill, amounting to almost
1850, 600 900 for the next fiscal year.
Why is it that the administration
wishes to spend nearly 100000, 900
more in the fiscal year beginning July
1 than it expended in 1885. and s3,o0o,-
100000 more than it expended in 1882
It's orators ere shouting from the house
tops that conditions are better; that
employment is increasing. that business
Is on the upgrade everywhere. and that
labor and the farmers are better of. OF
course, the whole thing does not make
sense. Eithet conditions are worse or
Evening star., 1936-05-30
A Rhyme at Twilight
By
..a
Gertrude Brooke Hamilton

Life's Looms.
Down In Georgia, one sunny day.
went through a cotton mill. eli.
With incessant roar the mighty looms
Are never O second still.
From loft TO bin
The weavers spin
With sound like Q giant drill.
A thread is broken. And, suddenly,
There In the busy noon,
Silent as tombs
Are the looms.
One taread has stilled the tune.
A broken thread n save ms pause
fhsxorabls a lifet stern laval
Evening star., 1936-05-30
Toy Makers and Movie
Houses Also Responsible
To the Editor of The Star:

To the Editor Of The Star: a
The article "Neglectful Parents Pro-
duce Criminals" in The Evening Star
of May 16, quotes Mr.. J. Edgar Hoover
as saying that the attack on crime must
begin with "a reconstruction of the
American viewpoint toward better pa
rental discipline and a greater sense Of
law abidance beginning in the home"
concluding with the statement that
this Is SO undeniably true as to be self.
evident. Yet 1t Is the one step we usu-
ally overlook when we talk about wiping
out the underworld"
II 'neglectful parents" are the cradle
IN which crime Is reared then tho cradle
mattress. the pernicious manufacture Of
all kinds Of imitation firearms for chill
Evening star., 1936-05-30
Purpose of Promises.

"You have made many promises"
without hesitation,' answered SEN
ator Sorghum.
You must have known that they
couldn't all be fulfilled
I'm politics, my friend, o promise
cannot be offered as a positive predic-
ton. Many of them are expected to
accomplish no more than tosshow that
your heart is in the right place"
Evening star., 1936-05-30
New Tension i'm China.

Chronically strained Sino-Japanese re-
lations are aggravated afresh by both
economic and military developments.
Chinese resentment of Japan's action
in strengthening her garrisons in the
Tientsin and Peiping regions has been
intensified by the smuggling operations
In North China whereby japanese goods
are brought from Manchukuo into the
so-called autonomous Province of Hopei,
with the connivance of the regime set
up there under Tokios protection. These
imports enter the country under condi-
tions that not only deprive the central
government of legitimate customs reve-
nue., but make it impossible for other
foreign trading nations, like the United
States and Great Britain to meet Jap
anese competition. In representations
at Toxic, Great Britain has made vigor-
ous objections to this contraband COM
merce. British loans to the Chinese
republic are secured by customs receipts
and London has a correspondingly
direct interest in checking the smuggling
scheme American interests in China,
especially oil companies are also expert
encing serious effects from the illicit
traffic.
Meantime Chinese student elements
are organizing patriotic riots and calling
upon all China to rise against the latest
manifestations of "the japanese inva-
sion" Their demonstrations are aimed
ct the military reinforcement program
and the smuggling transactions Sorely
pressed Marking has protested to Toxic
on both scores, but so far without avail.
The powerful Southwest government of
Canton has joined in the Nationalist
Administrations remonstrance
A typical touch. illustrating the cha
otic and demoralized state of affairs
resultant from the latest turmoil, is the
report that Japanese agents supplied
riotsng Chinese students with anti
Japsasse posters. hoping thereby 10 pre-
cipitate an incident. Similar reports
credit the Japanese military authorities
at rentsin with an intention OF using
troops 10 disperse demonstrators and
later To Ssis contrcl Of that great port
Evening star., 1936-05-30

Circumstances do not permit any guar
antee Of indemnity to District citizens
against losses created by few visiting
statesmen whose agitation takes the form
of a desire to smash motor cars or wreck
parlor furniture.
Evening star., 1936-05-30

Sweepstakes drawings figure into such
high sums that those who engage in small
social gambling are referred to as "bingo
sports" In every phase of human activ-
ity there is an inevitable effort to intro
duce class distinctions,
Evening star., 1936-05-30
Melody ObScured.

The charm of music, held SO dear,
Is liable to cease
If lusty voices, far and near,
Keep calling the police.
The underworld each day brings doubt.
The songs of Joy and peace
We fain would sing are all drowned out
BY calls for the police!
"A man dat's allus thinkin' bout his
self" said Uncle Eben, sis sooner or
later eineter spread de notion dat he
ain got 50 very much on his mind"
Evening star., 1936-05-30

Sound pictures" are expected from
both Cleveland and Philadelphia. They
will not be arranged with sufficient in
genuity to eliminate charges of unsound
argument.
Evening star., 1936-05-30

Vienna used to be regarded by musi-
clans as the home of the waltz. Poll
ticianS who attempt military marches
find themselves with a lingering ten
dency to run in circles.
Evening star., 1936-05-30

The student who has to stop and think
about whether or not he will salute the
American flag is not in frame of mind
to compose a graduation essay that will
be a help to civic purposes.
Evening star., 1936-05-30

Department rulings as to the right OF
a husband and wife to draw Govern
ment wages may yet call for court of
domestic relations in connection with
Uncle Sans pay roll.
Evening star., 1936-05-30

Mussolinis victory appears to have the
touch of completion because he is obvi-
ously in control of news facilities re-
lating to the Ethiopian war.
Evening star., 1936-05-30

AS general game the old New Deal
has lost following, although some po-
litical financiers find interest in riff1ing
the pack and playing solitaire.
Evening star., 1936-05-30
Rate BY Mail-PayabIe in Advance.
All Other State. and Canau
Member Of the Associated Press.

The Associated Press is exclusively entitled TO
the use for republication Of all news dispatches
credited to 1t or not otherwise credited in his
paper and also the local news published herein.
All rights of publication of special dispat: t:hes
herein are also reserved
Evening star., 1936-05-30

Foreign financiers are evidently fig
uring on whether Uncle Sam has by this
time saved up enough to pay an initia-
ton fee to a new League of Nations.
Evening star., 1936-05-30

dren. Is In dire need Of renovation. and
the cradle spread. the abominable Friday
night blood and thunder movies the
night most children go) needs q thor
ough airing In the suRn
Evening star., 1936-05-30

Campaign orators take chances. Much
of the effect of speakers talk depends
on what radio announcer he follows.
Evening star., 1936-05-30
Mental Attitude.

Il wouldn't marry the best man on
EARTH said the irate young woman.
And if you did," said Miss Cayenne,
you'd never believe it."
Evening star., 1936-05-30
Unstable.

From the Toledo Blade. a.
MuSsolinls proposed statue, weighing
500 tens, would be pretty heavy TO serup
on o nalcony. u
Evening star., 1936-05-30

Jud Tunkins says when things are
goin smooth, everybody wants to be
boss. When they're goin' wrong, most
anybody can have the job.
Evening star., 1936-05-30

ITO be sure your words will be re-
peated," said Hi Ho, the sage of China
town, SAY that what you tell is so sig
nificant that it must be held in deep
confidence"
Evening star., 1936-05-30
Both Sides.

Now let us hear the other side,
And when it has been told
The first side cannot be denied
The right to be retold.
Evening star., 1936-05-30

And so it seems ridiculous,
Or else it is sublime,
To hold mankinds attention thus,
Side-stepping all the time.
Evening star., 1936-05-30

Q. Were white horses ever held sacred?
S. NJ
A. They were in early Persia, Greece,
Rome. Arabia and Germany. Caesars
chariot was drawn by white horses.
Evening star., 1936-05-30

Q. Please give list of noted dress de-
Slgners here and abroad.-S. M.
A. A partial list includes Mainbocher.
Schiaparelli, Vionnet, Lanvin, Augusta
bernard, Molyneux, Hattie Carnegie.
Clarepotter, Milgrim, Elizabeth Hawes,
Muriel King and Helen Cookman.
Evening star., 1936-05-30

Q. What is the mesh or fineness OF
common table salt?-M M.
A. The International Salt Co. says that
there is no fixed rule, but most producers
put out salt which will pass a 2o-mesh
United States standard screen, with very
little passing 60-mesh screen.
Evening star., 1936-05-30

Night Final STAR ar--------------DOc ptI nIUIiI
Collection made at the end OF each mont
Orders may be sent by mail or telephone Nj
tional 5000
Evening star., 1936-05-30

Q. How much grass should a dairy
COW eat daily?-J. F.
A. A dairy cow that weighs approxi-
mately 1,20O pounds and produces 35
pounds of milk should eat about l20
pounds of grass each day.
Evening star., 1936-01-15

Three good-looking pieces; solid
maple kidney-shaped dressing table
(size of top 17l2X3312) with large
drawer and arms for drapes, and
bench with shaped back rest to
match. The mirror is the three-way
style with center 1434 inches high.
Neatly framed.
Evening star., 1936-01-15

100 tables to sell at this re-
duction so hurry. They're of
clear wood, sanded for paint
with shaped leaves and nodded
edges. Screw and bolt con-
struction. Size closed, 1934X33
inches; open, 33x37 inches.
Milford chronicle., 1936-02-07
U. OF D. ALUMNI PLANS
REUNION FEBRUARY 22
Annual Mid-Year Reunion 70 Be
Held In Old College

The annual mid-year reunion and
dinner Of the alumni Of the Univer-
sity Of Delaware will be held N Old
College Hall, Newark, Saturday
night, February % Milton Draper.
chairman of the dinner committee.
is in charge Of arrangements.
The university has invited the
graduates to visit the college Friday
night and stay for an inspection Of
the classes Saturday morning. Five
groups Of graduates have been spe-
cially invited to visit the different
departments. three in different
schools Of the arts and science de-
partments, one in engineering and
one in agriculture.
The program will include: inspec-
lion Of class rooms and Iaborator-
les in the morning. lunch at 1
o'clock with short address BY Pres
dent Huilihen, Dean Dutt0n, Dean
and Dean McCue; visits to
he Memorial Library, Mitchell
Hall. Evans and Wolf Hall. the
lTRrs 70 Rsge 2, Pieasel
Milford chronicle., 1936-02-07
Plans Complete For
Hospital Card Part1
Affair wiz Be Held III the Milford Community Build
ing Next Tuesday, February IL; Fiftu Prizes VIII
Be GiUen 10 High Scorers; Refreshments SerCed


The Ladies' Auxiliary Of the Nil.
ford Emergency Hospital have com.
pieted plans for what viii probably
be the largest and most elaborate
benefit card party ever given IN Del
aware. There are two reasons,
equal in importance, for this being
done on such q grand scale. First.
this being the first time this winter
the Auxiliary has appealed for aid,
i IS hoped that enough money viii
be made so as not to make It nee
essary to ask again; and second, in
terest and ideas have grown By
leaps and bounds 10 such an extent
60 as to make It impossible not TO
carry them ont.
Many prizes have been sent By
firms, interested "a our
project. About half the stores in
Milford we're solicited for prizes, re-
serving the other half for another
line. These merchants appreciate
he efforts Of the Auxiliary and
ihoOse the best from their shelves. /
These gifts are on display, in BarrOs
md Simon's window. There are fifty |
'rizes to be given away, Tuesday /
Milford chronicle., 1936-02-07
Commission Further Reports That Work Has Been
Carried On With Efficiency And With As Lon a
Percentage of Administrative Costs As Possible;
Average Grant Per Person A Month, S9.87.

A tendency upon the part of some
DelaWareans to apply for old axe
pension assistance on the theory
that they might just as well GET
their share Of public funds" is out
lined in the annual report Of the
State Old Age Welfare Commission
to Governor Buck, made public on
Tuesday.
Other features of the report in
elude a growing pension waiting list
believed to be largely the result Of
the enactment Of the Federal secur-
ity act, providing for State partici-
patton, and an unusually low oper-
ating cost Of 0472 of a 5000 O0O
fund for the past wear.
In extenuatiOn Of the tendency to
rush for pension aid, the Commits
sion's report states'
I'VE should not blame them alto
gether for It seems as If such /
would be the inevitable result Of all |
this nation wide demand for old
age assistance, public grants. etc.
L is presenting. a very serious and
iificult problem to the State and
he Commission"
The commission reported further
hat its work had been carried on
With efficiency and with as low a
Milford chronicle., 1936-02-07
TOTAL RESOURCES
OF STATE BANKS
OVER S20O;D,OD0.
Largest Am0 mt Ever Re-.
ported BY These Insti-
tutiOns.
COMPLETE REPORT


Abstract Of stafemenfs 81 ar
tiou az banks n pelawale
ee'nber 81. 1885, aoWs total
sources Of sos 5S which IA
the largest a lin ever reported BY
these institutions.
There appears below a eonsolidat-
ed statement Of resources and liza
bilities OF the flfty-seven banks in
the State. consisting Of sixteen Ma
tional banks and forty-one State
banks and trust companies; also a
comparative abstract OF resources
and liabilities in State Banking In
stitutiOns on December 81, 1885 and
December 81, 1894.
The resources Of national banks
were s22,095. .94s.25 and those of
State banking institutions were
$1S4.537. 1923. OF the latter amount
s36. 1856. .307.05 was in mutual say.
ings banks. Demand deposits in all
Of these banks at the end Of last
year were sS0.462, ,600.98 and time
deposits were $6s.792,275.3S, or total
Turn 10 Page 10. Please
Milford chronicle., 1936-02-07
ccc DRIVERS JOIN
IN SAFETY CAMPAIGN
Delaware eCC Camps Have Led
Corps Area In Safety

Truck drivers in Delaware CCC
mosquito control camps are enroll
ing 100 per cent in the safe driving
campaign now being waged through
out the state, it was announced this
week from the executive Office Of the
Delaware Mosquito Control Commits
sion.
Early in the week a supply Of safe
driving pledges and windshield stick
ers were sent each camp superinten-
dent, along with instructions to have
each driver sign the pledge at once
and return them. 100 per cent COM
pieted, to the executive Office in
Lewes. Immediately upon each
driver signing the pledge, sticker
was placed on the lower left corner
Of the windshield Of his truck. Each
superintendent assembled their driv-
ers at special meeting and explain
ed 70 them the gravity of their re-
sponsibility in promoting highway
safety in Delaware.
In point Of safety rating. Delaware
Turn to Page 2, Pieasel