davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-08-14
UNITED STATES
 GIVES WARNING
All Americans Ordered Out of Madrid-Embassy
 Will Be Closed Up
By IRVING PFLAUM

tCopyrlght, 103O, by United StateS)
 Madrid, August l4-(UP)-The American government today warned all It's citizens Co leave Madrid at once or to remain on their own rec sponsihility. Americans who elect to remain must leave tho embassy, where some Of them have been shol. tered. Embassy bfiiciais were aus thorised to close the building enc tlrcly # the situation became Sufii. ciently grave. The crack United States cruiser, Quincy, has been ors dered to call ct Alicante Sunday to avacuate any Americans who leave. Today's warning came without no- tice, but after reports from oil Spain that indicated c state approaching chaos was near,
 Notice Posted
 The embassy posted tho following notice on the building: "Instruc. tons have just been received from the government at Washington for the evacuation of all American I1a. tionais from Madrid immediately unless they are prepared no longer to seek refuge In the embassy and { oremain in Madrid oil their own responsibility. "The State Depart ment authorizes tho closing Of the embassy should the situation war' rant,
 "Tto U. 8. quincy will call at
 fFA -
 (Cjontinued on Page 4.)
The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-08-14
Mighty Huskies S1Uept UpFron1 Third Position
 To Defeat Crev OfItaLy
Catholic Law1en May Start MoUe Against Acts or Father CoughLin

Boston, Aug 4-UP)A movement is underway among csth aymen against activities of tho Rev. Charles E COughn Detroit radio priest according Q former Congressman Joseph A. Conry Conry acting assistant attorney for Set nnen claims against said he ultimate sim COughn class dSCOnent and fan tho flames of religious blgotry"
 "Dcccnt Americans" said, Feca with chagrn the Smith campaign 1928 candidate for the democratic party for samefuy assaed of hs religious faith The assault led by Bishop Cannon appealing to that portion Of the p0pulace nOued bg0try religion Healthy America haS repetition of 1928 whether the agitation led by Protestant bishop Catholic priest Bishop Cannon engaged n methods which peculiar Co himself Father COughn prefers other tactics In either the result the same"
 COnry discussed Father COughllns activities with both Catholic clergy against him had received strong approval he organization essentially n tended combine Catholic which dlsapprOVe of Father Cougns behaviour Conry sah W would welcome She members Of a denominations which share this VIew"
The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-08-14
CEOCHAN CALLED
 BY GOV. LEHMAN

Albany, ". Y, Aug. i4-(UP)- William ?. x. deoghan, democratic district attorney of Kings county. constituting the populous borough Of Brooklyn in New York city, was summoned today to a public hearing before Gov. Herbert H. Lehman on demands for his removal on the grounds of negligence in ofiice.
 The hearing will be held by the governor on August %.
 Removal of Geoghan from office was asked by q special grand jury as the aftermath of routine mur- der case. Geoghan's ofiice failed to obtain any indictments in the slay- ing of Samuel Drukman, q trucking company employe. Later c special prosecutor appointed by Lehman obtained the convictions of three men on second-deg murder charges and of five men on charges of conspiring to obStruct justice.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-08-14
BROWN WILL BE
 COP, NOMINEE
"In the Bag" for Him Is Opinion of Former Gov.
 ernOr of State
BY GEORGE R. MORRIS. JR. United Press Stan COrroSp0nden ]

BY GEORGE R. MORRIS, JR. United Press stan CorreSpondentI
 Hartford Conn, Aug, i4,-(UP) With major party state conven- tons less than c month away, ip- dlcations today were that States Attorney Arthur M. Brown, Jcwett City, would be selected to oppose 0oW Wilbur L. Cross In tho guber- material campaign.
 Although reports were rife that the former Yale dean would not seek reelection, those close 10 him Said he has given no indication of . withdrawal. Democratic leaders, Nd- mittedly worried over t!.e prospect were inclined to attribute the re- ports to republican propagaada'"
 "IM the Bag" For Brown
 Sentiment at tho recent confer ence of the republican state nen tral committee, when 1t choSA thu partys convention date, was toLnd overwhelmingly in favor of Brown to head the ticket. A former gov- crnor remarked: its in the bag"
 Brown, returning from . Maine fishing trip, appeared undisturbed over efforts of Hartford countys state Attorney Hugh M. Acorn Sufiield, candidate for governor two years ago, toward nomination this year, or of those supporters Of for-
 (Continued on Page 4)
The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-08-14
DRINKING BOUT
 BEFORE DEATHS

Fremont, Neb, Aug. i4-tUP-A drinking party preceded the deaths Wednesday of Dr. c. Ranier Dun- kel, 90, brilliant scholar, and his beautiful bride, the former Rachel Wentworth LowndeS of Marblehead' Mass, County Attorney William Lamme announced today.
 The couple were married at Mar" blehead two months ago.
 Lamme said no third party was involved and no inquest would be held, though the medical examiner reported they died of cyanide pio- soning.
 "It was either e suicide pact or 0 murder and suicide" Lamme said
 He made public a note found in the Dunkel home. It was a pro. fane tumble of words, ending: You all can go to hell by jeese, and the whole damn world can 90 there, too For I don't give damn what you do. Nobody loves me. Oh, hell".
 Mrs. Dunkel was a niece of Muni- cipal Judge Frank Deland of Bos- ton.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-08-14

 whether his signature on that set- clement was in good faith or not. The petition. filed as Q friend ot the court, also will ask whether Roland Rich Woolley, lawyer for Miss AStor and also for Ann Hard- ing in q similar child custody dis pute was in contempt of court In preparing Q statement to the press about the settlement before the agreement had been signed and finally approved by both parties, no said.
 Judge Knight Firm
 Judge Goodwin Knight, who heard tho case, was In court on another matter when he learned of Ander- sons plans,
 "What said early today Still stAnds," said Judge Knight, This case Is closed and will not Do re- opened"
 Anderson's ire was aroused by Q statement from Miss Astor through her attorney declaring tho legal fight was instituted ito liberate" the star and her daughter from this complete bondage".'
 (Continued on Pag0 SO
The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-08-14

@8SNN@ ' Smith were reported in conference early this afternoon, discussing party strategy.
 Following the adjournment of the session Chairman John If. Crary announced that everything was ser. enc and contrary to reports and expectations of some there was little or no possibility of any contests developing. "As fas as can see at tho present time there will Dc but one ticket presented tonight at tho committees meeting.
 The meeting will Do in session from 6 to 0 o'clock tonight to receive primary tickets. Should only one ticket Dc presented, tho voting Will be held ct party headquarters on Monday night. Should more than one ticket be offered tonight, the voting will be by districts at tho usual polling places, with balloting beginning ct 4:30 3. iiiu Monday and closing at 0;30 D. m.
 Other Dates Later
 Sept. Q and 10 have beon set as the dates for tho state convention, which will bc held at Eastern Point. Dates for the other conventions VIII be set at q later date. Delegates from oil cities and towns ii the
 (Continued on Page A
The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-08-14
Father Coughlin ls Given Grand Ouation
Roaring Thunder of Cheers Greeted Him as He En. tered Cleveland Convention tiall-Wild Scenes
 as He Tried to Get Business Started
BY LYLE c. WILSON

Limited Press Stan C0rrosp0ndenO
 Public Hall. Cleveland, Aug. l4-- (Upl-TAther Charles E, Coughlin's National Union for Social Justice met today in its first convention to organize It's asserted e,0oo,000 sym pathiSers on c national permanent basis and to invade the leS0 pres- idOntlal campaign In behalf of Will liam Lemke, Union party candidate.
 4 roaring thunder of cheers, tho screaming enthusiasm of women and hoarse shouts of men greeted the priest when he hurried smiling down the center aisle almost an hour after the convention was to begin, Temporary Chairman Mar tn l.. Sweeney, insurgent Ohio democrat, called the convention to order,
 Two Thirds Full
 The hall, which seats l0,22l, was more than two.thirds full when the priest arrived, Some persons be- iieVed that President RooSeVelt's presence here today had detraoted from the opening day crowd.
 Delegates wore sharply reminded of Mir. RooseVelts unexpected ap- pearance here when Frank O, Wal lene, Cleveland director of public utilities, delivered tho city's address of welcome to the convention.
 That honor had been conferred on Mayor Harold II. Burton, but Father Coughlin announced yester- day that the mayor had visited him and reported he had received Q tel- ephone call from the White House requesting his presence M the Roosevelt welcoming party,
 tContinued on Page AJ
The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-08-14
BOSSY CILLS IS
 AGAIN BUSY MAN
Enters Race for Congress on Democrat Ticket; He
 Gives Reasons
BY HOMER JENKs


 United Press Stan C0rrespondent)
 Newburyport, Mass, Aug i4-U' P0-Mayor eosSy dillis, weary of playing the strong silent man of Newburyport politics, prepared today to campaign for congress in the Tip- snorting manner that first won him nationwide publicity. On the bal- lot September IS, Andrew Joseph Gillis will be listed as e candidate for the democratic nomination for congress in the sixth district. The post was vacated by death of Con- gressman A. Piatt Andrew of Glou. cester, Cornered in the faded green. shingled garage where he markets gasoline at seven gallons for a dol- lar, Bossy promised that things were going to be different than a year ago when he was returned to the mayors chair after Q campaign of forcibly- Imposed silence and at least outward dignity.
 Got To Make Noise
 "Ya can't conduct a campaign for congress that way" exploded the red d-headed ex-gob, waving a ruler for emphasis. You've gotta make a lot of noise if you want to go to Washington. And I'm the man that can do it." To make sure no one will even attempt to keep him quiet, Bossy is going to be his own cam paign manager. Solemn T. Francis Kelleher, who with Mrs. 0illis wire tually gagged BosSy during the 1885 campaign, is too busy with his own campaign for state repre- sentative to mix in Bossy's affairs.
 Wife Out Of It
 As to Mrs. Giilis: well, the wife
 tC,Ontinued on Page lO.'
The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-08-14
Democrat Committee Meets This Evening
Will Assemble Tonight to Receive States of Tickets for Primaries-No Opposition Ticket Will
 Be Put in Field

The democratic town committee will meet tonight at party headquarters fl East Main street. for the purpose Of
 receiving states of delegates to be voted in the party primaries which will De held Monday. At the primary election the ctyS democratic voters will name delegates to conyentons Town Chairman John H. Crary, Controller nane fearv State Central Committee Chairman J. Francis
The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-08-14
MANAGER RATES
 DIES SUDDENLY

Silver Creek, N. F., Aug. l4-(UPl Roy Rates, 60. general manager Of the Gannett newspapers in RocheS. ter, N. Y., died in his summer home here today.
 The newspaper executive slumped to the floor in his vacation residence and died before . doctor could be summoned. He had been i'll for three months.
 His wife. Helen, and daughter. Mary, were with him when he col- laps.d. Another daughter, Mrs. J.t Crate Isarkin, Buffalo, and a son frederick Ward Bates St. Louis arc enroI'te here.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-08-14
ASTOR, THORPE
 CASE IS SETTLED
Judge Knight Informs Them His Order Stands
 Whether Liked or Not
BY RONALD WAdoNER

Copyright 1O5O by United PFess)
 Los Angeles, Aug. i4--judge Goodwin J. Knight Squeiched 6 new outbreak Of bitter recrirination between Mary Astor and her dIVor- ced husband, pr. Franklin Thorpe, today, soon after nc awarded them joint custody of their four sycar-oid daughter under the strict superViSs ion of the court. lie announced that his order would stand, whether they liked it or not
 Neither Liked It
 Neither liked Judge Knights order, which, after expressing some very plain opinions Of the parents and their litigation. gave possession Of little Mariiyn Thorpe to Miss Astor nine months of the year and Co Dr. Thorpe the remaining three months. Half an hour after the opinion was read. pr. Thorpe's at- torncy, John Anderson, announced that he would attempt to reopen the case.
 You may say for me-" Judge Knight told the United Press, that the Thorpe -Astor case was closed when l stepped of the bench and
 (Continued on Page 4,)
The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-08-14

Plymouth, Vt, Aug. l4-tuP)-A delegation of American Legionnaires visited the village cemetery here to- day and placed q wreath on the hillside grave O. former President Calvin Coolidge.
 Among the legionEaires were Col onel Chester Paul Wolfe c. Indiana and Peter IT, Henley of Montreal, They are attending the legion's state convention at Burlington. .. ,
The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-08-14
MAY, DECEMBER
 ROMANCE DIES

Boston, Aug i4. (UP)-The May December romance of a 79.year cold one-time scenery painter and the 22-year-old domestic he said was "deeded" to him by her father was stalemated today.
 The prospective bridegroom. white-haired Charles H. Davis, was given 6 three-month jail sentence, and his fiancee, Brunette Bertha Mcleod, was sent to 6 psychopathic hospital for observation.
 Davis told police "Bertha vas given" him by her father before the latter lett for Nova Scotia in 1852. Miss McLend confirmed the "deed."
The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-08-14
COST OF CRIME

Boston. Aug. l4-(UP)-Annual cost of crime in Massachusetts to- day was estir1ated at s20O. coo. 900 or approximately thiee times the cost of the state government. Tine cS- timate was in the annual report of Correction Commissioner Arthur q. fNnIan
The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-08-14
WAS
 IN CLEVELAND
Greeted By Good Crowds as He Passed Through
 on Way to Airport
BY FREDERICK A. STORM United Press White House
 Correspondent

Cleveland, Aug. l4,-(UP).-presi- dent Roosevelt arrived In CleVe- land aboard his special train at 0:2& a. n. EST. today,
 A crowd estimated by police at between 200o and 5000 gathered at an outlying station to welcome the president,
 The procession on route to munic. ipal airport travelled down Euclid avenue, Cleveland'S main thorough. fare. AS 1t entered the business district, clerks left their work and lined eurhlngs to wave and shout their welcome to the nations chief executive, Ticker tape Guttered from oitloe buildings,
 The presidents car stopped brief. ly at Public Square where he re. oeiVed another ovation. It then pro. oeeded to the airport where Mir Roosevelt view a sa,Soo,ooo wPA Nothing Political
 The presidents stan adhered to statements tat nothing about Mir, RooseVelt'S survey of the area of last springs great flood. has polit- ieal significance, but tho prospect that his trip to Cleveland would DC q oounter.attraetion to the N. U. s, J. meeting was unacceptable,
 Mfr. Roosevelt met Gov. Martin DaVey and other Ohio democratic leaders, paraded informally by mo. tor through the Cleveland business section, lunehed at tho Great Lakes exposition and spoke extemporane- ously there. He will leave after four hours of activity for May. vile, N. F., from where he will mos tor to ChautauquR to speak tonight on foreign affairs,
 (Continued on Page A)
The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-08-14
Final Nel,s Flashes
POLICEMAN WAS FREED

Boston, Aug. l4.-(UP)-A district court judge today cleared Matthew J. Flaherty, 27 reserve Metropolitan policeman, of manslaugh- ter charge growing out of the fatal shooting of his bride, whom he mistook for burglar. "l am fully satisfied that it was very unfortunate af- fair and find no probable cause to hold him." ruled Judge Thomas H. Connolly. Mrs. Eleanor Flaherty, 26, died at hospital Aug. two hours after she had been wounded by her husband, who was searching for a supposed burglar.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-08-14

Mountain City. Ncv. Aug. l4--(U. workers entered the gas filled Mountain City Copper CofIl- pany mine today in an attempt to And six miners whom they believe have been aSphyxiated by poison fumes.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-08-14
Attorneys For Dr.
 Thorpe Attempt To Restart Case
Claim Contempt of Court Against Attorney for Mary AstOr-Judge Knight Again Reiterates Case
 Will Not Be Re0pened

Los Angeles, August 14 - (UP) - Attorneys for pr. Franklyn Thorpe announced they would go into court today and start legal action that may reopen his contro versy with his divorced wife over custody of their four year-old daughter,
 Joseph Anderson counsel for the film actress divorced husband announced he would file petition asking that Miss Astors counsel be called into court 0to explain
The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-08-14
SCHOOLBOY MADE
 ANOTHER RECORD
Adolf Keller, Was Born in Germany; Captures 100
 Meters BackstrOke
BY STUART CAMERON (Vlnlted Press Sports Edltor)

olympic Swimming Stadium Berlin, August l4. - (UP) - Wiry Adolf Kiefer, i8.year-old Chicago schoolboy, born il. Germany, today set a new world record in winning the 100 meters backstroke final 10 give the United States swimming
 (Continued on Page 4)
The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-08-14
LONERCAN CALLS FOR REPORTS

Washington, Aug. 14.-lUP1-Sen. Augus- tine Lonergan, d., Conn.,, chairman of the senate campaign expenditures committee, today ad- vised all presidential, vce-presdential and sena- torial candidates to file periodic reports of cam paipn expenditures with his committee. Loner- gan refused comment on reports that the com mittee had received complaints of improper activities in three states and declined to say whether committee investigators were active in any locality.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-08-14
University of Washington Sturdy Oarsmen Went
 Over With Thrill QUARTER LENGTH IN
 FRONT OF ITALIANS 800 Meters From End Americans Had Dropped
 to Third Position C
BY VIRGIL PINKLEY United Press Rtsf COrrespOndentJ

NOHAVDS AVbH OvgAb SOHAOSK~HN~~~~Nf
 oruenau, Germany, Aug. fl - The University ot Washington's mighty crew won the eight-oared feature final of the Olympic regatta today, giving the United States itS fifth straight vic. tory in this blue-ribbof1 event. of international rowing.
 Italy finished second.
 Lifting their cedar "husky clips per" over Dc Lange See with mighty strokes Of their whitestipped caFss the Washington oafgSnen coveFee the 2,000 meters in c minutes 2eA seconds.
 Germany was third.
 The Washington crew came from behind to win this classic after otle
 (Continued 0f1 Page eJ
The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-08-14
TREASURY BALANCE

Washington, Aug. tl--CUP)-ooV. eFnmCnt expenses and receipts TOT the RuFFent fiscal year to Aug IE' us compared with q year ago; ThIs YrRF Expenses Last tegp s6S2, ,OOO, ,125.6O S0s0,670,3I720
 Receipts S4O2, ,2S2.ISOOS -. 1IShs4s,3oO'Sc siOO,s27,g4Au SSs4,SsI.O .OISOs
 Cash Balance S2,fO2, ,355,7S Si,S34,2O7, ,666.7s
The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-08-14
NAVY AIRPLANE CRASHED

Balboa, c. Q, AuG 14.-(UP)-A U. s: navy airplane crashed ipto the Panama Canal today and sank. First reports said that all oc- cupants perished.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-08-14
1hs Matkss

Probably Showses To-
 night. Saturday Full Weather nspogt Pago A
The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-08-14

Final Edition
 CIceing Stocks Late Nows FTashes
The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-08-14
RIx MINERN ENTOMBED

(Continued on Page AJ
The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-08-14

(Continued on Page 4.)
The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-08-14

tContinued on Page iO.'
The Waterbury Democrat., 1936-08-14
REMEMBERED COOLIDGE

tContinued on Page A)
Evening star., 1936-02-29

Across.
I. Distend.
8. Continuable sound.
Is. Obliteration.
16. Custodian.
II. Symbol for Xenon.
1S. Cherishes.
20. The editor.
Il. Sailor.
%. Vexed.
~. Oorial.
IS. Glacial ridges.
~. Wild dog Of India.
26. Let it stand!
20. Knots.
81. Female sheep.
81. Lean
%. Dram: slang.
S5. Imagined.
~. Nimbus. = 81
%. Shrill bark.
20. Sheds. ~-..~ '.t.-:
42. Lover Of Melisande.
Is. Portrayed.
Is. Certified. public accountant: abbr
4s. Part Of the Pentateuch.
20. Character.
30. Out. -....s
81. Act.
53. Cunning. ~
a. Unbeliever.
IS. Assume.
~. Short for Henry.
68. Primal.
go. French article.
81. Loosely woven fabric.
63. Stoats.
65. characterized.
66. Reiterates.
Il Down.
!. Church under officers,
:. Betrayal.
Evening star., 1936-02-29
Chicks 1t 10 Below.

CHANA, III. R.-oeorge Ander-
sons problem now Is how to heat the
chicken coop during the next cold
snap. One Of his hens Matched il
Barred Rock sses during. the last one.
with the temperature ct 10 below.
Evening star., 1936-02-29
GUTTER ALIBI SUCCEEDS
Judge Finds Man Arrested for
Drunkenness Was Not in Public.

REIDSvILLE, N. g. @.-Municipal
Judge 2. II. Wrenn took legal cogni-
zance Of the premise that Q ditch
might be . place Of concealment
rather than . public" place and freed
Cleve Durham, 81, who had been ar.
rested and charged with public
drunkenness" He had been arrested
in . ditch.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1936-01-17
he -
Ct CASE
.4JUL1AC =; :. !!
Continued from page three)
h Nsrd Jones

say: "Not quite yet. But you're
coming along" 80 .,
"You mean II won't do?"
I'm afraid that's it." He look
ed at her seriously 1t's a tough
racket, anyhow, grille. Why don't
YOU forget it?"s
Stammering her thanks. her
ewes filming with tears of humili-
alton. Julia rushed from the plat
form. She was almost Out, me
door when she remembered she
had left her hat upstairs. She ran
for it, hoping she wouldn't con-
front Henri Lamb again. ,
Beside her hat on his Uttered
desk she saw the half-open letter
which Peter Kemp had written to
Lamb. Peter had typed it out IN
clear capitals which even her
glance could not miss. 1t said !:
DEAR HENRI-THIS IS JULIA
CRAIG WHO WANTS TO SING
IN YOUR CLUB. BUT WHEN
YOU GIVE HER A TRY-OUT: :!
WISH YOU'D REMEMBER I'M
IN LOVE WITH HER AND
DON'T WANT HER TO BE A
SINGER.
ITO be continued)
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1936-01-17
BLACK-DRAUGHI
Next Time You
Need a Laxative

For constipation, take a dose OF
black-Draught as soon as you re-
alize the condition you are IN. .,
"If I am bilious, have headache or
q cold, take q dose Of Black
Draught at night" writes Mrs. r. D.
Thaxton, Of Lexington, Ga. III !!
have a bad feeling after meals, !
take Just q pinch Of Black-Draught.
It relieves me. Irecommelld 1t very
highly.-a good family medicine. I
give my children Syrup Of Black
Draught. , I find both good"
Black-Draught paves the way for
the relief Of many such symptoms as
those mentioned above. when con-
stipation Is at the bottom OF the
trouble. ,':..sa...
Just try It'll. Follow the directions
carefully and you'll probably learn
Univ Black rauRht Is so popular
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1936-01-17
NEW ITALIAN CRUISER

GENOA, Jan. II. (UP)-The
Ansaldo shipyards yesterday deli
vered new cruiser, the Eugenio
Sayoia, to the Italian navy.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1936-01-17
PERSONAL
PARAGRAPHS

Mrs. R. L. Fielder left on We'd
nesday for Cincinnati, Ohio,
where she will join her son, Mr..
Charles Fielder. and his wife on
a motor trip to visit relatives in
Los Angeles and Hollywood, CAL,
for a few weeks.
Mr.. E. o. Holtzclaw,. who has
been i'll at his home on the Ashe-
vile road for several days, is
somewhat improved; his daugh-
ter, Mrs. Fuller McLain, of Gaff-
ney, S. c., was called here on &C
count of his illness. ....
Miss Vera Orr, who had the
misfortune to fracture her knee
cap some days ago. is improving
now at her home.
Miss Katherine Shitle, stu
dent at the Asheville Normal. who
underwent an operation for a
ruptured appendix at the Mission
hospital, Asheville, five weeks ago,
may return to her home here in
about a week. Mrs. W. S. Shitle,
her mother, was given this infor-
nation when there yesterday.