davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1935-09-10
STARS, MEN AND ATOMS
Notebook of Science Progress in Field,
Laboratory and Study.
RY TUOVAc r HENRY
BY THOMAS r. HENRY.

the central plains, bringing with 1t
many traits more typical Of the forest
hunting regions to the north than they
were to the prehistoric plains them
selves Given the horse, the plains with
their vast bison herds could not be re-
sisted and in the course of a century
or two a new mode of life developed,
involving many peoples that were appar-
emily relative strangers to the region.
Added to the lure of horses and
bison hunting was the gradually in
creasing pressure Of an alien culture IN
the East. While the bison herds drew
newly mounted tribes to the West, the
guns of the traders in the hands of
enemy tribes in the North and East dis
couraged lettering. Hence when the
French and American explorers entered
the region the warlike, nomadic tribes
were completely in the ascendancy and
the more advanced Semi-horticultural
villagers had already been crowded back
into a narrow strip along the Missouri"
Thus came the wild West"
The villagers probably had shown
little taste for war. With the estab-
lished homes and all their possessions
in one spot they had little to gain and
everything to lose by armed conflict.
1t was different with the newcomers
the Comanche, the Grow, the Blackfoot
and the Kiowa. They had no fixed
homes. Their way Of life demanded
that they be continually on the move,
trailing to bison. Thus they built no
permanent abodes and accumulated few
permanent possessions. They had very
little to lose and everything to gain by
war. The others had to Join them, get
out of their way and out OF the way
of anything they happened to want or
perish. Some doubtless were wiped out.
Some retired to isolated areas and clung
desperately to the remnants OF their
old culture. Some abandoned every
thing and took up the way of life Of the
newcomers so that, with the coming OF
the white men, they were indiStinguish-
able from them.
Says Dr. Strong: Taking the bare
outlines of Nebraska pre-history as a
tentative croSs-section of the plains area
generally, it appears that pure hunting
cultures dominated the region during
two main periods. The first began with
the men who hunted the ancient bison
and the mammoth and extended Tor an
indefinite period beyond. The second
began with the introduction Of the horse
and ended with the disappearance OF
the modern bison. Between these Two
periods, which mark the beginning and
the end of great plains Indian history,
it now appears there was third period
of considerable but as yet undetermined
duration when horticulture played at
least an equal part with hunting. 1t is
this stage which has either been over
looked or disregarded by the majority of
chronological theories bearing on the
region"
Evening star., 1935-09-10
BlameS Slow Traffic.

To the Editor of The Star:
I have followed with interest your
news accounts Of conditions on Defense
Highway. I know of no more abom-
Unable road in Maryland, unless 1t is the
Marlboro road.
The surprising thing to me Is that
people of Maryland suggest that the
problem of this death trap be met by
reducing the rate of travel below that
which Is either reasonable or sensible
under present day conditions.
Is Maryland a State stuck in the mud.
holding to its horse -and-buggy days and
demanding excessively slow speeds be-
cause of laziness and indifference in
road building?
had cause last Summer to go to q
camp on Chesapeake Bay each Sunday,
and traffic conditions on Defense and
Marlboro roads were almost unendur-
able. The roads were filled with loiterers
dragging along at a snail's pace and
other motorists desperately trying to get
around them in the face OF oncoming
traffic.
Taking the kinks out of Defense High
way will not solve its accident hazard.
Thes State has a speed limit law putting
speed below that of Virginia, North
Carolina and Delaware. 1t needs more
than anything else, to see that the Sum-
day loaferS-the Is and 20 mile an hour
road hogS-that clutter Defense and
Marlboro highways, the road between
Baltimore and Elkton and on the Reis-
terstown and Towson roads either drive
at reasonable speeds or take to the side
roads.
I have yet to see a State policeman
in Maryland tell an accident breeding
loafer on the main highway to get a
move on.
I do not desire to drive at excessive
speeds, and I have never been called to
account for excessive speed. but I have
no desire to go through Maryland look
ing at its rural Scenery-even If such a
thing were possible today with the con-
dition OF many of its roads.
If Virginia can build decent roads, and
North Carolina, South Carolina and
Georgia have done so through their
coastal and mountain regions, and Penn
sylvania has done it from the Delaware
to the Ohio. 1 do not understand an
official attitude in Maryland that keeps
the State in its old horSe-and- buggy
stage and says that the remedy for such
death traps and amateuriSh road build
ing as Defense Highway is in hick speeds
of vehicle operation-which is not Solu-
ton for absence of road shoulders, mar
row widths of road and inadequately
marked curves that are practically right
angle turns. B. C. CLARKE.
Evening star., 1935-09-10
Estimates for 1887.

Estimates for the next fiscal year
submitted by the various department
heads at the District Building total
$54,971 ,351-a figure which is not in itself
significant because the department heads
always overshoot the mark Intentionally
in the spirit that Chaucer suggested in
the lines: He which nothing under
taketh, nothing he acheveth."
The total assumes some significance,
however, in comparison with the similar
figure for last year-$52 ,699224. The
Commissioners last year Topped about
$8,659,866 from the department heads
estimates, and there is nothing in the
picture this year-outside of relatively
small increases in local revenue-which
indicates they can do less. They will
probably have to do more.
Last year, it may be recalled, the Com
miSsioners sent to the Budget Bureau
a local budget totaling about $44 10000
and which included their strong recon-
mendation for a Federal lump sum Of
$8,317,500, figure arrived at by aver
aging the lump sum appropriations of
the ten fiscal years between 1926 and
1885, inclusive.
This year, as last, the Commissioners
cannot expect to make a showing before
the Budget Bureau as to the real needs
of the city without counting on the
additional revenue to be furnished by
an increased lump sum. And the Com
missioners should not allow the failure
of their efforts in this direction last
year to prevent them from adopting
a similar procedure in relation to the
budget now being framed.
Next years budget should be in the
neighborhood of the forty-three and
forty-five million dollar budgets, re-
spectively, for 1882 and 1881. In those
years the lump sum of SO 500 900 repre-
sented about twenty per cent Of the
total District bill. In the current fiscal
year the Federal appropriation OF
$5,7000OO represents something less than
fifteen per cent. The remedy for reve-
nue. shortages, which is preventing
equitably balanced local budgets and
holding up necessary projects, is to read
just the division of expenses. The lump
sum should be increased.
Evening star., 1935-09-10
One Fundamental Rule.

To the Editor of The Star:
With full appreciation Of The Stars
efforts to lessen road hazards. I still
feel that we should not accept road con-
ditions as an alibi for bad driving habits.
There is one simple rule for driving. SO
elementary that it would seem 1t could
not be overlooked or ignored, which If
observed would prevent at least 80 per
cent Of all automobile accidents. 1t is
this: Drive slowly enough so that you
can stop within the space of clear road
visible ahead.
This is the basic rule. We must. Of
course, add corollarieS relating to inter-
sections where the road may be clear
as we approach, but We know that it is
likely to be blocked at any instant; and
to meeting and passing other vehicles.
especially wide buSSeS and trucks, on
narrow road, or where any vehicle is
hogging the road. in which case the
space ahead may be plenty long but SO
narrow that We are likely to slide off the
paved road Undoubtedly many roads
that were wide enough few years ago
are too narrow for safety under present
conditions. ."
I do not know that it is possible to
bring about an observance of this ele-
mentary rule of the road. One of the
commonest reasons for it's violation is
the widespread adolescent desire for
thrills, in which a dash of real danger
is involved. But there are other rea-
sons. such as urgent haste, thoughtleSs
haste, deadened inhibitions caused
either by alcohol or by genuine fatigue,
simple stupidity, bad judgment due to
inexperience, bad Judgment through
physical disability, such as poor vision;
in fact, the whole category of human
attributes and emotions are involved.
But if this rule is not observed removing
all the curves and all the intersections
from all the roads in the world will not
go very far toward reducing the number
of road accidents. w. H. HULL.
Evening star., 1935-09-10
Some Varying Views
On the Matter of Speed
To the Editor of The Star:

40 tuc EuItVN VI Auc 0tAIs
1t is time for common sense, conserva-
ton and conscience to outweigh the idea
of sport in the use of automobiles. Your
three correspondents on Saturday, the
7th. are right in saying that there should
be a general limitation Of speed. There
is no need whatever to go SO fast. Be-
fore we had automobiles we got on fast
enough for all practical purposes.
The trouble is that young people and
old folks feel it is SO glorious to go fast,
and they will think: What is the use
of having an auto If we cannot 60 flying?
1t is no fun to poke along at 40 miles
an hour" All right, then; let them do
without the fun. Such fun is on par
with that of the monarchs in the famous
proverb, War is the sport of kings"
But, besides being the sport Of kings,
war is the desolation of homes, the de-
struction of people and the disorder of
society. So (on all three countS) is this
new sport of tearing along in an auto
mobile.
I agree with H. C. Middleton that cars
ought to be shut down to 35 miles an
hour in the country and 20 miles or
lower in the city. If people have to go
faster for real needs, not just for fun, let
them go on a railroad train.
When say shut down I mean Just
that-shut down mechanically, as well
as legally. We are told 1t is now possible
to set mechanical speed limit on the
engine OF car SO that it will not be
able to 90 faster than a given limit.
This choker Il do not know the tech
nical name) is adjustable at will. But
by rights it should be made the law that
every car must have such device, sealed
on so that the owner cannot change it.
Then let it be a crime, or misdemeanor,
to be in possession Of car without it.
WILLIAM c. LEE
Evening star., 1935-09-10

The wild West" was not always wild.
The mounted, bison-hunting Indians
met by the covered wagon trails of the
pioneers and inextricably interviewer
into the picture of the great plains in
the popular imagination were relatively
recent arrivals and had surplanted
peaceful villagers Of q few centuries
earlier
Traces Of the older horticultural cul-
ture of the great plains area have been
uncovered in an intensive survey of
Nebraska archaeology by DR.. William D.
Strong, Smithsonian Institution eth
nologist, a report Of whose investiga-
tionS has just been issued. The wild
West of circuses, moving pictures, paint
ingS and romance, Dr. Strong finds, was
only the final stage of the human occu-
patton of the area before the coming
of the white settlers. There had been
two previous stages. One was that of
a hunting culture dating back nearly
to the end Of the last ice age, when
man still was pursuing the mammoth.
This must have lasted for a great many
generations, but it finally developed into,
or was supplanted by, horticultural
culture which was the one actually
found in the region by the Spaniards.
There was still some hunting, but the
main reliance was on gardening.
Then came the conquiStadores with
picture. The animals made bison hunt
ing easy, comparatively safe and pros
porous. Those adventurous Indians who
took to the saddle found means of an
easier, more abundant and more exciting
rrhnxy {lvyO fboir
conservative neighborS who stuck to
their gardens and their crude stone
farming implements.
In many cases, DR.. Strong points out,
1t is likely that the agricultural Indians
were forced into the new way of life.
The abundant food supply offered by
the bison herds brought about invasion
by less pacific tribes from the North and
East They overran the peaceful farm
erS. These had to change radically their
ways of life, suffer themselves to be
exterminated or retire to secluded areas
where they were out of the way OF the
invaders.
DR.. Strong gives abundant evidence
of the intermediate horticulture culture
of the Nebraska ares based on the
careful excavation of several typical
sites. In some cases remains of the
three cultures interpoSed upon each
other. This was true markedly at Signal
Butte, a site excavated by the Smith
sonian archeologist three years ago. The
most surprising feature of his discoveries
was the middle culture ofs the horti-
culturalists. He designates it as q
woodland culture of northeastern
Affiliations"
1t first makes its appearance on the
extreme eastern border of Nebraska.
Pottery and cultivated plants were its
distinguishing features. There were
suuashes and gourds, but so far as he
has been able to discover, no maize.
Later there appear to have been af1lia-
tions with the southeastern Indian
culture.
Says DR.. Strong: "If the present very
incomplete archaeological record is to be
trusted, the horse culture spread as q
thin and strikingly uniform veneer over
Evening star., 1935-09-10
Radio Music Change
Held SOrely Needed
To the Editor Of The Star.

To the Editor Of The Star.
May use your valuable space to voice
an appeal to the buyers of musical
talent over our radio waves to return
to the more pleasing arrangements OF
both programs and song, particularly
the songs.
Where are the songs with depth Of
meaning?
Why must we listen to eight out Of
ten songs that are colored jargon? We
surely can hear enough in our citys
various sections of that type of jungle
music"
Neither do we want an abundance OF
mountain music"
Have we gone so "frothy" that we
cannot appreciate good songs-or are we
50 afraid of life that we Historically
enjoy the blats and bleats handed out
In profusion?
I wonder what your readers think.
Q. HEATH.
Evening star., 1935-09-10

maintaining parity with the British.
Because of all these circumstances and
prospects, it is altogether gratifying that
the administration is moving substan-
TALLY in the direction of that full might
at sea assigned us by agreement and
which is so fully justified by national
requirements amid disturbed conditions
throughout the world.
Evening star., 1935-09-10

Perhaps the best color Is what COM
monty Is called blind green or curtain
green. This shade does not conflict
with Natures green in foliage and
usually grows darker with age, a good
point. Those who are afraid to use
green paint in garden work are advised
to try this tint. Dark grays, while they
have their uses in a garden. often are
as conspicuous as white and have not
the advantage of the clean look Of good
whites.
Keeping the garden trim and neat
at this season of the year is not all
stalking, however.
A careful thinning out of old plants,
from time to time as they mature, IS
definitely in order.
Often such plants. gone the way Of
ANIMALS. perhaps, long before their
mates. are never missed from the bor-
ders or bed.
A judicious selection Of these plants,
and their removal, will do a great deal
to prevent the home garden from having
that "seedy" look so often seen.
Then there is the matter of thinning
out the vines.
Vines normally begin blooming late
and some Of them continue late into
Autumn. Such should be left alone, as
far as possible, but all untidy growths,
long stringy branches which insist on
falling on the ground and going no
where-theSe might as we'll as pruned
now and got out of the way of the
better placed tendrils.
-
Recent heavy rains removed from
local gardeners minds one annual
worry, that of insufficient water for
evergreens.
1t Is almost impossible to pick up
garden book or magazine without fnd-
ing somewhere in it the old advice to
water evergreenS thoroughly in the
Autumn, preferably once at the begin
ming Of Fall and at the end, so that
the plants may go into the Winter with
plenty Of moisture at their roots.
Inattention to this is the cause of
many poor, brown and withered ever
green's seen in front of so many homes.
Such is the advice and who has not
read it?
Well, Nature has taken care Of the
first or early Fall watering; the last
one rests, unless Nature interpoSes again,
with the gardener and his trusty garden
hose.
A judicious trimming Of shrubs now
or preferably little later will help
keep a garden neat.
In this work, however, one ought to
know what one is doing, not merely
WELD pair of plant shears at every tall
cane or branch.
Some study Of pruning and its theory,
therefore, Is necessary II one is de-
termined to trim back the shrubs at
this time.
Attention to the lawn is one of the
very best ways of all of keeping the
garden neat.
Experts become more vociferous every
year as to the advantages of Autumn
lawn making. We are told and cor
rectly that it is an even better time
than Spring.
This. however, depends upon two fac
tors, getting an early Starlight now
and the sort Of weather We have in
subsequent weeks. With any sort of
fortune at all the home lawnmaker will
have every opportunity to fill in bare
patches and to grow grass again where
it did not do well in the Summer
Persistent use Of the lawnmower until
hard frost is advised. Grass plants are
hardy plants. after all. in the main,
and their cutting until as late as pos
sible is advantageous. especially in re-
gard to a neat garden.
Evening star., 1935-09-10
A Rhyme at Twilight
By
Gertrude Brooke Hamilton
A Vivid Dream

A Vivid Dream
held a mirror up to life.
In the mercurial glass
I saw a swift professional
OF men and women pass
Women and men in every guise-
Then in my looking glass
met your laughing eyesl
The mirror clattered from my hand.
Over its fragments bright
I swept out to the living throng,
Into the Autumn night.
And in the crowded market place
I looked into the light
OF your unmirrored face.
I touched your joyous eyes, your brow,
A trace of silver there.
Your fingers closed about my wrist,
You kissed my amber hair.
In throngs where happiness was rife
We walked devoid OF care,
Our pulses high with life.
10 real, 80 glorious II seemed!
Hard to believe only dreamed.
Evening star., 1935-09-10
Toward the Treaty NAVY.

With the authorized construction OF
twenty-three more ships for the Navy,
just announced, the United States takes
another long stride toward building the
fleet to full treaty proportions. Included
in the authorization are a 1O000-ton
cruiser, destroyers, submarines and an
aircraft carrier. In letting a contract
for another carrier the Navy provides
for fourth vessel of that ultra-modern
type. When it is in commission the
United States will possess a quartet of
the greatest and newest aircraft car
riers in the world.
Contracts for the additional treaty
warShips are about evenly divided be-
tween Government and private yards.
Twelve, to cost $50 225 500, have been
given to private companies, and eleven,
representing approximately as large a
sum, are assigned to Government yards.
The Navy itself, at the New York Yard,
will build the 10,000-ton cruiser. The
vessels now to be laid down are part and
parcel Of the program authorized by
Congress, the completion of which by
1912, in accordance with the plan of
spreading expenditures over several
years, will eventually supply the United
States with the full naval strength per-
mitted this country under the London
treaty of 1880.
In several important respects Amer
ica's partners in that pact, Great Britain
and Japan, have availed themselves of
their building rights at more rapid
and regular pace than we have. The
Navy Department, with the cordial
approval of a sea-minded President and
the whole-hearted support Of a Congress
commercially conscious of preparedness
and national defense needs, is now en-
abled to proceed steadily and sys-
tematically toward the creation of the
fully rounded fleet to which the United
States is entitled.
How long the present levels of treaty
strength will be maintained depends
upon several factors beyond American
control. Japan's abrogation of the
5-5-3 ratio and her demand for parity
with the respective navies of Great
Britain and the United States very
definitely threaten to upset the existing
balance. Unless at another limitation
conference Japan can be appeased
under commonly acceptable conditions,
another competition in building seems
inevitable. Neither the British nor our
selves have so far revealed any enthu-
siasm for Japan's naval equality ambi-
tions. American expert opinion inclines
firmly to the view that the United States
position as a Pacific power requires
maintenance of that margin of strength
at sea now assured by the 5-5-3 ratio.
Germanys re-entry into the ranks of
f1rst-class naval powers also conjures up
an incalculable situation. Hitler is
building, under recent agreement with
London, fleet eventually to be thirty
five per cent as strong as the British
Navy. If to meet the coming German
challenge the French and italian fleets
are expanded, Britain is sure to lay
down more ships. That, in turn, will
require the United States to contemplate
increased construction, for American
sentiment Is irrevocably In favor Of
Evening star., 1935-09-10
Shooting Stars.
BY PHILANDER JOHNSON.
Mad Miracles.

Mad Miracles.
The miracles that men perform
Unto themselves unknown may be.
Their hasty deeds may bring storm
Fiercer than those that lash the sea.
The earth Is kind with sunshine bright
And songs await in gentlest cheer.
Yet some mad moment swift and slight
OF impulse leaves but chaos here.
Evening star., 1935-09-10

Questions Of mercenary advantage may
figure SO largely in the Ethiopian situ-
alton that the League of Nations will
feel called on to figure more or less as
q board of trade.
Evening star., 1935-09-10

In order to enhance the gloom which
hangs over the world, undertakers and
embalmers are again called into session
tb discuss the phase of political influence
relating to Lenin.
Evening star., 1935-09-10
Rate by Mail-Payable in Advance.
All Other States and Canada.
Member of the Associated Press.

The Associated Press is exclusively entitled 70
the use for republication of all news dispatches
credited to it or not otherwise credited in this
paper and also the local news published hereln.
All rights of publication of special dispatches
herein are also reserved.
Evening star., 1935-09-10

Reports Of no progress in Geneva in
dicate at least a delay that is hopeful
and which assists in making actual war
fare appear more pitifully undignifed.
Evening star., 1935-09-10

Radio news often comes with such
shock that a listener does not really
care much what kind of hair tonic or
other merchandise he uses.
Evening star., 1935-09-10
Keeping Cash in Circulation.

Keeping Lash IN LIrcuIdlIoH'
From the Oklahoma City Guardian.
Don't belittIe the New Deals farm re-
lief! Think of the fun farmers had
carrying the checks across the street to
the tax collector and the mortgage com.
Evening star., 1935-09-10
The earth is kind with sunshine brigh
Evading Study.

Evading Study.
Johnny" said the teacher, spell
'Abyssinia.
"Never took the trouble to learn how.
According to Mr.. Mussolini, in a few
years there won't be any such word"
Evening star., 1935-09-10

There is dangerous mud in Ethiopia,
aside from that which may be flung in
Geneva.
Evening star., 1935-09-10

Jud Tunkins says we are still luxu-
rious Natien. There may be beefsteak
shortage, but there are enough COWS 10
keep the ice cream freezers going.
Evening star., 1935-09-10
Gloom of the Perfunctory.

Gloom of the Perfunctory.
We make involuntary fun
Although we may endeavor
a wise and serious course to run,
Pretending to be clever.
We are pathetic when we see
A duty, willy-nilly,
That seems to call on us to be
Intentionally silly.