davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1935-07-07
Living Costs Soar.
THE Consumers Guide, issued by tn

THE Consumers Guide, issued by the
l. Agricultural Adjustment Admin
istration, gives some illuminating fig-
ures on the subject Of the increased
cost of living.
Taking May as date for COM
parison with May of the previous
year, the figures issued show every
food listed, with the one exception
of leg of lamb, increased over last
year. The greatest increase is in
chuck roast, which was up 4s.7 per
cent, going from l6.l cents pound
to 24.1 cents. The largest increase
occurred in lard, which, while it is a
food, is not, of course. eaten as lard.
The essential to cooking rose from
10,l cents per pound to 1873 cents,
an increase of S6 per cent.
Other startling increases included
those in the price Of eggs, which rose
IS per cent; round steak, which was
I'D So per cent; rib roast, up 40 per
cent; pork chops, up 40 per cent;
whole ham. up AIS per cent, and
butter, up 10 per cent.
Leg of lamb was of IL per cent,
but other types. Of lamb were up as
high as 1877 per cent.
Evening star., 1935-07-07

Moreover, the owner must be thor
oughly engrossed in his tiny subjects,
indeed must have a sincere love for
them. Otherwise he is sure to fail"
Can bees tell time? If bee were 10
try scheduled flight from New York
to San Francisco he probably could
arrive within a second Of the time at
which he wanted to get there. This
would not be fantastic, in view OF the
discovery Of DR.. Karl Frisch of the
Geological Institute at Munich. Ger
many. of a remarkable time sense
possessed by bees. s.t..
The accuracy of the time-tening
mechanism within a bees brain was
tested by an ingenious experiment.
Dishes of sugar and other attractive
foods were set out at certain hour
each day. Bees that visited the mini
ature banquet were caught and
marked with tiny spots Of red paint.
Each day new visitors were caught and
removed, so that only a definite group
of bees could acquire the habit OF
coming regularly to the meal. After
a certain length of time timekeeper
was stationed to record the arrivals of
the insects. A large majority were
found to arrive at almost precisely the
time at which the food had been. regu-
larly set out.
Evening star., 1935-07-07
L4bonty Experts Dnco0o Fascinating Secrets Abom the
W@Nj 1loH Important Insect, Including H050 and N>hyH
Dances Ho7v Bees Are Abk to '7alk" Win One another;
and Hitherto Unkuo7m Facts 1Abom Bee ShngS.

Upper, eft Screened cage used nursery for
virgin queen The adult bees feed and for the queen
through the wire She kept in the cage until
old enough to be arcally mated Second PICTURE top
row: The modern beehive, with its many compart-
ents is far cry from the skep, the only home
provided for honeybees. Top, insert: package bees
from the South to the North early in the Mem
bers of the northern apary to be strengthened by the
southern bees light the screening that forms sides
of the compartment Top, right: Sef.recordng instru.
ment that indicates hourly when weather conditions
proper permit bees to fly into the fields Center: A
Federal apcuuralist ". j. Nolan, is shown art6ciay
disseminating a queen bee and intimate view, mag.
nihed about 10 times, of Mrs. Honeybee, mans best
friend among the insects Lower, eft A time-clock
automatically records the hour that bees fly in
the morning and when they stop in the evening 1t also
records the total flight activity any particular day.
Lower right: Festoon of Caucasian bees hanging DUR
ing comb building '...,
Evening star., 1935-07-07
By Randolph Roberts.

numerous hitherto unknown facts
about bee stings. However, more about
these later.
For the time being let's visit a
while with James !. Hambleton, big
chief of the Federal laboratory. A
slim, dark-haired chap, probably in
his late 30s, he is anxious first of all
to clear up few silly notions about
his favorite insect:
Although beekeepjrg is one of the
oldest agricultural Industries, it is one
about which the average person knows
almost nothing. One reason for this
is that the honey5ee is all too well
known for the facIle Use of its sting.
The mere fact that hcneybees sting
although they do so only in self-de-
fense-has kept the average person
from becoming too inqulsitive or from
evincing too much interest in bee,
beehive or an apiary When strang-
ers can be induced to come close to a
bee apartment mouse it is common to
hear them remark that the insects
have particular sntIpsthy for them
that they like bees, but that they
just cannot navigate around them
without getting stUng. But If you'll
pardon a bit of personal opinion
the matter of everyday courage does
not enter into such explanations.
TT is commonly believed that q
man who handles bees with apparent
impunity does so because the insects
know their master. As a matter of
fact. this idea is on the face of it
absurd. for the life of the worker bee
Is only scant SIX weeks. However,
one thing is certain, that in order to
handle or keep bees successfully the
master must thoroughly know his sub
ject."
You ask Mr.. Eamhleton how many
bees there are in tine United States.
He figures that at the height OF the
honey season odr honeybee pupula-
ton is about 280 pillicr. Since there
are about 125 milliol. people in the
United States, that makes about 20 900
bees for every one of U.s.
1t is matter Ct astonishment to
learn that in gathering single pound
of honey a bee may ny 100000 miles.
That would pe equal to II times
around the world at the Equator.
During the nursing season q. bee
brings in about S0U rniiligrams oi nee
tar, or about eight-tenths of a gram.
Surplus honey Is produced only about
six weeks of the year. Bees 60 to
work early in the n.C1ning-sbout
O'Clock If the suns fairly bright. BY
9 o'clock they're all out,
Not so long ago. Mr.. Hamtaeton
says, group OF FIoeral specialists
learned that Dee will sometimes fly
as much as 8 miles and return with
its minute load rirder sucn cir
cunstances a single pound of honey
would represent approximately 10000
trips of rs miles each OF nearly 300,-
900 miles of flight.
TN A locality in wyoming where ir-
l rigated alfalfa is virtually the only
source of honey. the experts placed
some. hives 8 miles frcm the nearest
Evening star., 1935-07-07
Tomato Growers Hit.

THE depression hit the tomato grow
er about as heavy blow as any
type of farmer. Back in 1929. pro-
duction stood around 1000 900 900
pounds. In 1888, the production was
down to 5000, ,0oo. 900 pounds with the
income of the farmer cut As per cent
instead Of IS per cent as was produc-
ton. Last year there was consider
able recovery with the raisers taking
in. about $3s. 100000. still 20 per cent
below the 1929 Jewel ....-a
Evening star., 1935-07-07
How the Dollar Goes.
SURVEY carried on at Manche.


- ter, N. H. indicates that the ay-
erage family receiving less than $500
a year income went into the red for
the year to the extent of sss. Those
in the 81 500 class broke even, while
those making $4,000 managed to lay
aside SPOT for the year. .
On the basis of this survey, out OF
every dollar spent, 81 cents went for
food. Housing and house operation
took "a cent?. Clothing claimed -13
cents. Seven cents went for trans
portation. Newspapers. cigarettes. cos
metics and other incidentals require
cents A nickel went for recreation
and the same amount for furniture
and 3 cents for medical care.
II you can work out q budget on
that basis, there are the figures for
an average community.
Evening star., 1935-07-07

scout bee. In this way the scout bee
tells of the pollen she has discovered.
After talking with Mr.. Hambleton
for an hour or so and looking at some
of the queer looking gadgets he uses
in his research work, you decide: The
busy bee," which is held up as a
shining example of industry and en-
thusiasm to all humanity isn't always
deserving of the credit she evokes.
She is given to her periods of laZiness,
and evn when sehe is going about the
business of gathering honey under
normal conditions, she makes no more
than four or five trips day. She
won't work in the rain or on cloudy
days. She dislikes the cold and stays
home when the temperature is low;
and if it's too hot, well, she takes a
day off just like any human sluggard.
Oddly enough the Federal scientists
have set the bee to work with time
clock device which works simply but
ingeniously. 1t consists of delicate,
balanced tube leading from the out
doors into the hive. The bees travel
along this back and forth to their
work. The weight of the bee in this
tube depresses it until an electrical
contact is made, which registers on a
counting machine in remote room.
When all the worker bees are out of
the hive and storm comes up, there
is a wholesale registering by the auto
matte counter. The bees are returning
home with their loads of pollen or
nectar.
The hive is set on a weighing scale
so that its weight at any time of the
day indicates how many bees are in
and how many are out. Thus are
statistics afforded as to how many are
loaflng.
OTHER devices used in the apiary
are for determining the degree of
bees sensitiveness to color, and
whether it works by instinct or CO.
ordination.
It has already been discovered by
means of the time clock that the
warmer the weather the SINNER the
hour, so to speak-the harder the
bees work. The insect will not work
under temperature under As degrees.
Bees have definite sense of color;
which settles long-disputed question.
Mr.. Hambleton and his colleagues
also study the bees by means of a
unique. glass-inclosed hive The hive
Is built into black box with a single
opening Illuminated by the light of a
mirror rejecting a Await lamp. Here
the bees may be watched in all their
activities-their building, policing and
other important social maneuvers.
There are groups working in their
own tiny boxes. Some mold the shape
Of the wax In the erection Of the PAL
ace, moistening now AND then the
Evening star., 1935-07-07

T ONG ago the world was told
"how the busy little bee i'm
proves each shining hour But
- Federal scientists in Washing
ton want to obtain quite bit more
information than that she gathers
honey all the day from every opening
flower" From an chronological stand
point Mrs. Busy Bee has been made
q subject of exhaustive study. And
why not? without her aid the Ma
tion,s annual fruit crop would be
pitifnl, indeed.
Right now at the Department of
Agricultures experimental laboratory
At Somerset, Nd, just outside the
District, Uncle Sans experts, armed
with half dozen different kinds of
novel gadgets and contraptions, are
working on the blue prints of a new
model Of bee.
Although the honey bee has been
longer in mans service than most
any Of the domestic animals and has
served faithfully and well, it has been
decided by the specialists that her
fuselage is too small and her wing
spread insufficient, that her cargo
SPACE Is not large enough and her
storage capacity for pay load is in
adequate, considering the distance she
often is called upon to travel for sup
plies of nectar.
Then, too, her tongue is too short
for the most efficient work in securing
ali of the honey making material that
may be contained in the deepest
welled flower petals. Nor Is her dis
position all that Is desired by those
who have to work with her in COM
mercial way. A model with a larger
thorax is wanted to permit longer,
sturdier and better wings so the in
acct may travel farther and under
more adverse conditions of weather.
Yes, q, super-bee than can be de-
pended upon to do her work in cooler
climates than heretofore. She must
reproduce rapidly and not swarm ex-
cessively. And the ideal model would
be immune to contagious diseases that
take such a heavy toll of the Nations s
bee population.
Finally, Mrs. Busy Bee really ought
70 be weatherproof high flyer in
order to stand up in the face Of the
most adverse cool and cloudy weather
during the blooming period. For the
truth Is that most fruit growers SIM
ply cannot achieve profitable crop
without the help Of bees no matter
how well pruned, sprayed and cared
for. Coming down to the immediate
present you wouldn't be able to smack
yeur lips over a delicious melon these
bright Summer mornings If 1t weren't
for your little-appreciated friend, the
honey bee. ..
"A LREADY the learned scientists
have discovered almost innumer-
able fascinating facts about the worlds
most important insect. including how
and why she performs her peculiar
dances, how bees are able to talk"
with one another by means Of q
stfangs language Of scents" besides
Evening star., 1935-07-07

structure on which they are working.
carry up bricks. The sculptors do the
designing. Royal cells are perfected,
the cells for princesses and for queens.
Everything is worked out to a truly
marvellous accuracy.
The queen Of the hive PAGES back
and forth with her servants, who
guard her constantly. She fills the
cradle cells with eggs. working very
fast, laying as many as 2,o00 eggs a
day.
There are bee guards, too. that
touch every bee that comes in with
their antennae before permitting it to
enter.
Few people realize that like the
mythical story of the Flood of the
Gods" the queen bee is developed by
special food after the egg has been
Matched as an ordinary worker
This special care is given only In
case the colony of bees becomes
queenless or in case the present queen
shows signs Of failing. Unique to say
the least. is the workers method of
remedying the situation. They select
an egg or a newly-hatched larva as
the object of their special attention.
They enlarge its cell and feed the
youngster a stimulating food known
as royal jelly which causes 1t to
become larger and longer than the or
dinary worker.
COME types Of bees swarm more
frequently than others and these
often would rear many queens were
they not prevented from doing SO by
the bee keeper.
At night the colony workers keep
their wings in constant motion to fan
out the surplus water from nectar,
and 1t Is estimated that rs per cent of
the nectar gathered must be famed
out. In other words, Mr.. Hambleton
says, bees must gather from 200 to
400 pounds of honey to get 100
pounds of the finished product.
There are from $4,000 to $4,000 bees
In each strong hive Of bees, and the
average life Of each individual worker
is only about six weeks.
Is it true that a bee sting on the
temple or the knee will prove fatal?
Ridiculous, says Mr.. Hambleton. He
explains: Some individuals have this
popularity, single sting. no matter
where inflicted, might prove very Sc
rious. However. in the case of 80
out of a hundred persons, any kind
of bee sting is only annoying for an
hour or So"
If ever you get stung you may pre-.
vent much of the pain and swelling If
you know how, explains Mr.. Hamble-
ton.
when q bee prods its victim" he
says, cit tears itself f5em it's sting.
, 1935-01-16
New Bread Wrapper
Bought By La Perla

La Perla bakery, which last year
was re-modeled and made n OF
the most modern bakeries operating
in south Texas. recently has pur-
chased a new Hayssen bread wrap
ping machine which will wrap 1000
loaves Of bread hourly.
The new machine is In line with
new, sanitary machinery that has
been installed throughout the bak-
cry. and automatic mixers, modern
ovens. electric slicers and the new
wrapping machine ipsure absolute
sanitation In handling OF bread
from the stage where II Is mixed
until 1t is opened In the consum-
er's home. Human hands do not
touch the bread In a single phase
Of the process from mixing until
sou open 1t yourself. The new ma
chine was installed at a cost OF ST.
900.
In Perla bakery is located al 1923
18th street.
, 1935-01-16
jews PREPARE
TO QUIT SAAR

tC0pyr1Ght, 1885, by n Af1
gAARBRUECKEN. Saar Basin
Territory. JAN lS-Three thousand
Jews are anxious to leave the Saar.
leading Jewish residents said We'd
nesday. as Saarlanders continued a
noisy celebration ever their decision
TO join Nazi Germany.
The holiday spirit Of liberation
day" still gripped Eaarbruecken.
Groups OF shouting and singing
Nazis thronged the streets.
Police l0rries occasionally passed
by, sirens shrilling, but officials
reported conditions were orderly.
Spokesman for the Jews said
frankly. I'VE do not know which
way TO turn"
Jewish business men said they
were being boycotted and their
children In school had already re-
ported they felt their playmateS
were stunning them"
Two hundred Hebrews who were
active In the anti-nazt campaign
are likely To be the first 10 emigrate.
"A general movement Is not expect
ed for some weeks. but preparations
already are being made and some
already have gone.
Jews constitute a very small pro-
portion Of the population, approx
imately liz of ] per cent OF the
Saar's 100000 residents. Many Of
them are merchants Berlin has
agreed with Rome, II In understood,
not to apply the Nazi aryan clause
until after q lapse OF II months.
Jews were advised TO remain In
the Saar by Bruno Well, famous
international lawyer and leader or
the German Jewish organization.
| We'll. a former S~aarlander, who
came here from Berlin to vote. told
them 10 stay "in the fatherland
and G the battle through"
Some 30 persons. most OF them
communists, were reported under
arrest as Nazis virtually took control
OF the territory.
, 1935-01-16
Sc Complete
Their Junior
High Studies

F1fty-six students OF the Browns
vile Junior high school viii grad
uate to high school work for the
new semester. 1t was announced
Wednesday BY Superintendent Z g.
Eodd
Graduating exercises have been
planned for Thursday. January IL,
at o q. m. at the college auditorium.
The program follows:
Professional: song, Have You
Ever Been to Texas In the Spring.
BY graduating class: The Origin OF
the Blueb0nnet," by Isaac Flores
first honor student; Texas. the
Bluebonnet Land" by Felicitas de IA
Cara, second honor student; song,
Texas. Our Texas" by graduates;
remarks and presentation OF class,
BY Superintendent Dodd: ~presenta-
ton Of diplomas, by DR.. o. ". Law
renee, president Of the school board;
presentation Of class to senior high
school. by Mrs. r. l.. Stel, junior
high school principal: acceptance OF
class. by =. E. Bortle, high school
principal; Junior high school song
by the class; occasional.
Music will be directed by Mrs.
James Z. Towle, accompanied by
Mrs. John Carr Sewell.
The following win receive dfplo-
mas:
Armenia Adams. Bernice Alreol
Maria Louisa Bali. Diega Barron,
Ernestine Alice Boye, Hortencia Cas-
tro, Juan NJ. Cavazns, Ofelia Cava-
zos, Emma Patrice Clark, Aurors
Correa. Mary Collins. Victoria Helen
Dufault, Russell Davila. Maria Ali
cia Farias. Isaac Flores. Candida
Maria Garcia, Fidela Garcia, Alicia
Cara, Felicitas de la Cara. Fidela
Gavito, Maxine Gillette. Amelia
Gomez, Hilda Gutierrez. Jack Ham
linck, Andrew Harry. Havre. Ed Il.
Helms. Jr., Sammy Hernandez. Eva
Lug Herrera. Robert @. Hinojosa,
Edwardo Lucio. Margot Mancias'
Cesar Masc0rro. Jose Moreno. James
Porter, Marie Price. Janice Riven-
bark, Anita Rodriques. Ruth z. Sa-
botke, Mike M. Saldana. Ralf Gin
ton Schmeling. Mary Margaret
Shanahan. Rose Shull. Ramiro Ser
IA, Warren III. Smith. Silvia sgd
ney Sommers. Fred Starck. Mary
Blanch Stout. Joan E. Stuesser,
Goro Tanamachi. Willie Tanamachi,
Herlinda Trevino. Ethel wallace
Trimble. Ramiro Villarreal. Rebec-
ca Villarreal. Trinity villegas, BY
ron Edgar walter.
, 1935-01-16


HARLTNGEN, Jan. 16s=Fewer
licenses to sell beer are being isued
BY the City OF Harlingen every year
but 1885 Is young.
TO date, only six establishments,
five retail and one wholesale. have
taken out licenses. To date last year.
IA had been issued. There we're %
licenses issued in 1888 and licens-
ing did not become legal until
October that year. Last year there
were only II Licenses.
The permits issued TO date are:
Hi-Way Inn. Sunshine Cafe &C. r.
Bollier), Appleby a. Houston. p. ID.
whitley Johnson Cafe. Pridgen-
Kline. all retail. and Harlingen Bot
Ting Works. wholesale.
, 1935-01-16
MISCELLANEOUS DATA
WEATHER SUMMARY

Barometric pressure was moder-
ately low to low from the extreme
northwestern states southeastward
to Texas and the central states
Wednesday morning. and relatively
high over the far Southwest and
over the far eastern states. AS a re-
suit the weather was cloudy and
unsettled over most OF the country
az the morning observation, and
airly general precipitation occurred
in the northern half of the country
during the last "a hours An addi-
tional rise in temperatures over
much Of the country has resulted
In rather high readings In the
southern states Wednesday morn
ing.
Brownsville 8 a. m. CEST sea-
level pressure 29.e4 inches.
, 1935-01-16

1RoRtRI lee STAIeA

January 16. 193s.-William Bar
rett Travis and II. willis Nibbs for
med q law partnership for the prac-
tice OF their profession In San Felipe
and Columbia. A card announcing
the opening OF their offices was ap-
pearing In the Texas Republican.
Travis was born I'm Edgefield c0un-
ty, South Carolina, In 1909. He came
TO Texas TO acquire the Spanish
language and practice law. Immed-
lately on arrival. he applied for land
In Austin's colony. being once des-
ignated as a widower and once as q
bachelor-from which fact those
curious about peoples private lives
may conclude that ne had az one
time been a married man and that
he and his wife had decided upon
a permanent separation. Travis
stood SIX feet in height and weigh
ed about IT'S pounds. His features
we're round, complexion fair. hair
light colored with a reddish tinge
and his eyes blue-grey. He was q
well proportional. fine looking man,
whose appearance and bearing al
ways prompted q second look. All
Of his acts and utterances marked
him as a man who believed that
liberty was q God-giyen heritage
which only the sloathful and indo-
lent ever forfeited. Born TO the
music of freedom and equal rights.
the stars In their courses guided
Travis to Texas. where he was 10
play a part unequalled IN valor and
pass away with the strains OF the
deguello (the music OF hatred In
his ears. leaving 10 Texans a rev.
cred memory and adding an Illus
trious name TO historv's lovers Of
pure and lofty patriotism.
, 1935-01-16
VALLEY LIONS
PLAN MEETING

Every effort M being made 10
make the V~alley-wide meeting or
Lions clubs. 70 5e held In Harlln-
gen jan "A. the best OF It's type
r. t. Cob Baker on Harrington told
the Brownsville Lions at their reg
ular meeting Tuesday noon.
The entertainment program. with
numbers being supplied by each
Valley club. Ia one OF the strongest
yet lined lid for a Valley meeting
OF Lions. the speaker said. The
Brownsville number on the program
Will be a dance by 9onya K0walSki.
according 10 present plans
The Richard Shannon orchestra,
d 1z-piece dance band which came
no the Valley recently after an
engagement at the Rice hotel In
Houston, has been engaged for the
Jan. Gath session, Baker said
IN addition 70 speaking on the
Valley-wide meeting, Baker initiated
~. w. Perry and IT, T. Borst as
cubs. a. MI. KrebS was promoted
from cub 70 Lon
The visitors for the day included
IN. T. Barron. II. WV. Downing, Jas
Durham. Bertram Combe and Mrs
Helen Seabury of Brownsville: IA
a. Wllkle, Jr, of San Benito: IA
". Baker. q. " Henderson. w. ~
Williams and d. y. Plougmon Of
Harrington.
Two mimeographed house org
ans" The Border Lion edited By
lem III MrcNnlliEtnr and Tha Inns
, 1935-01-16

HARLNGEN. Jan. 16.-Ldeuten-
ant Governor Roger Robinson OF
RaymondviIe was honor guest nc
the Tuesday meeting OF the Kiwanis
club here. The Riwanis district Of
ficial stressed membership In his
address.
Mrs. III M. Dace presented N wo-
lin solo accompanied by Mrs
Charles Huntley.
Police captains of the HarlinEen
Junior police were guests OF the club
at its luncheon. The Kiwanis club
sponsored the organization on the
junior police at Harrington. Captains
present were Walter williams, Jes-
us Rodriguez. Neil Medley. Ramiro
Rodriguez. Robert Scott Taylor. wv.
ID. Flags. Jr.. and Richard Weed.
The club went on record ms fav-
oring closing OF Laglrna Madre TO
sefnes.
, 1935-01-16

McALLEN, Jan. 16.-Funeral SER
vices viii be held here Thursday
morning at Kreidler Chapel for
Mrs. Laura T. Holderbaum. "A. Of
Pharr. who died here Tuesday. The
family had resided In the valley for
the past IS years. Mr.. Holderbaum
having operated n tourist camp near
Edinburg until his death about
three years ago.
Surviving are two daughters. Miss
Jean and Grace Holderbaum of
Pharr and Mrs. Gerald Gilbert Of
McAllen.