davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1935-03-13
A Japanese-Soviet Accord.

Arrangements just completed at
Toxic for sale of the Russian section
OF the Chinese Eastern Railway to
Manchoukuo materially strengthen the
prospects Of peace in the Far East. Ever
since japanese occupation Of Man
churia. possession of the once vitality
strategic line across that province
has been a bone of contention that
threatened an armed conflict between
the Soviet Union and Japan. Twenty
months of negotiation and haggling
over terms have finally resulted in an
agreement whereby the Russians sur
render all right and title to the rail-
way to Manchoukuo for 100000, 900
yen, or roundly, the equivalent OF
$400OO,000.
The property embraces 1.072 miles
Qf main Line. sos miles Of sidings and
Evening star., 1935-03-13
WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS
BY FREDERIC WILLIAM VILE.

revealed that in the early days Of the
Republic Congress authorized a lot
terry to raise funds for erection of
a town hall in what Is now the Dis
trict of Columbia. Representative
Kenney has come into possession of
what he believes to be the only lot
terry ticket issued under the act of
Congress now extant and exhibited
it on the floor Of the House.
4
diplomatic memoranda at the State
Department with lead pencils pro-
duced in his home State. It appears
that the procurement division asks for
quarterly bids for Uncle Sans lead
pencil supply. The contract for the
current quarter was awarded to o con-
cern which proudly emblazons upon
its pencils the fact that they come
from Shelbyville, Tenn.
Thousands Of income taxpayers have
not waited for Congress to take action
on pink slip publicity. but filed their
returns, as usual, in advance Of
March IS, with the controversial OBJ
long form filled out and attached. If
Congress eventually abolishes publicity,
the slips will become waste paper in
the Bureau Of Internal Revenue and
eventually be destroyed, without eny-
body being the wiserf or any official
record in that particular form. Even
if the Senate should not concur in
repeal until after March IS, congress
sional action would become effective
in time to prevent publicity, because
1t has not been planned that the in
formation would be made available
before the end of the Summer. Under
the new White House press conference
rule not to discuss pending legislation,
there has been no public indication Of
the Presidents attitude on the pink
slip issue.
President General Edith Scott
Magma of the Daughters of the Amer
ican Revolution is hopeful that next
months Continental Congress Of the
Daughters IN Washington will be
made notable by the complete success
of the "last roundup" to raise the
$3.50, 900 balance of the debt on Con-
stitution Hall and $3.50 accrued in
terest. During Mrs. Magna's admin
istration the former debt balance of
S566,5O0 was more than cut in two.
Throughout her nine years as finance
chairman she has concentrated on
efforts to wipe out the building deficit.
The president general announces in
the current D. A. r. Magazine that
"in spite Of the worst three years Of
the depression" the Daughters treas
ury has at all times been on the
right side Of the ledger"
Copyright. 1887
Evening star., 1935-03-13
Press Appraises Progress
In Two Years of Roosevelt

Estimates Of the achievements of
the first two years of the Roosevelt
administration are published by the
press, with a majority recording pub
lie confidence in the Executive Sup
porters hold that he has made prog
ress and that the experience of the
first two years will be valuable In
meeting the difficulties which are
recognized. Opposition is based on
the charge that business has not ade-
quately responded and that confusion
exists in the plans Of the admins
tration.
Legislative and otherwise" says
the Newark Evening News, 'the Presi-
dent Is at q critical turn. His prob
lem is as critical as any he has faced
since early 1898. At that time. as
fresh figure on the scene, he had more
prestige and more power than he
commands today. To win the bat
tie he is now in he must fight as he
never did before"
"The political leadership Of the
Nation" according to the Charlotte
IN. c. Observer, continues to work
manfully with its patient. Perhaps
it is not using the right medicines, but
it at least Is using some medicines. and
those who are most hostile to the
treatment and most critical Of the
method for a cure which is being used
are notoriously empty-handed when
it comes to proposing different way"
"He is now realizing" declares the
Tampa Fla.) Daily Times, what
many other Presidents before him have
learned-that he holds the worlds
hardest man-kiling job, and, despite
a host of personally chosen advisers,
in the last analysis he can rely only
on his own judgment to steer the right
course"
That the public maintains conf
dence in his leadership is the conclu-
sion Of most of the commentators.
The Oklahoma News states: I'VE can
be thankful for the progress made so
far if we can hope for even more in
the next two years. The real test Of
President Roosevelt, as of every
leader, is his staying power"
ION the constructive side" 1t Is
pointed out by the Indianapolis News,
IllC xtCOOlAoSA uNOtOA wi =.
has maintained a good record. Thou
sands of farms and city homes have
been refinanced by Government cor
porations, the volume of business in
many lines is growing, faith in the
Presidents ability and willingness to
move quickly and in the right direc-
ton still is general, and the people
approve the drift toward fairer in
terest in the plight of the aged, the
infirm and the unemployed"
"The administration" says the As
bury Park IN. J0 Evening Press, has
been much less successful In relieving
unemployment than in increasing in
dustrial production. Figures recently
released by the National Emergency
Council indicate that 1881, 900 were
Evening star., 1935-03-13
DR.. Michael I. Pupin.

DR.. Michael I. Pupin, celebrated
physicist and philosopher, died yes
terday, and the whole world, endowed
by his genius and his labors, joins in
mourning his passing. He was seventy
seven years Of age and had been retired
from active work since 1881, but his
interest in human welfare and progress
had experienced no decline, and literal
ly thousands Of younger men, struggling
onward in paths it had been his priv
ilege to blaze, found inspiration in
the fact that he was watching them,
still concerned with their problems
and anxious to give such help ss he
could to their erdeavors. Govern
ments, universities, colleges and
learned societies had showered honors
on him, but the reward which be ap-
preciated most was the respect which
an international public of humble and
unpretending men and women mani
tested for him.
An autobiography, published In New
York in 1928, and subsequently trans
lated into French. German, Serbian,
Swedish and Japanese, established
once and forever the basic democracy
of DR.. Pupin's career. 1t reaff1rmed
his own view of himself and was ac-
certed as a truthful portrait. Destiny
had ruled that he should be born
peasant, close to the earth, and by
deliberate choice he preferred to re-
main within that unassuming role.
He loved the masses and the main
objective of his mind was their service.
The memory Of the poverty Of his
youth drove him forward even after
he had acquired great wealth through
the employment of his talents in
such practical inventions as the IA
nous Pupin coil. His pragmatism was
a form of capital which he preserved
from first to last and which brought
dividends to mankind in general.
But DR.. Pupin also maintained an
idealistic attitude toward the uni
verse. The mysteries Of electro-tech-
MICS, x-ray, wireless telegraphy and
telephony confirmed him in q primi-
tive faith in spiritual values. He be-
lieved in powers which cannot be ex-
amined in a test tube, powers which
rule the cosmos, govern every soul
and yet are not to be measured,
weighed nor analyzed by finite in
telligence. The last message from
his pen was one Of optimism and re-
assurance designed to strengthen those
who, in an era of trial and suffering,
were distressed by the riddle Of ex-
istence.
Serbia bore the child and America
gave opportunity to the man, and thus
there was personif1ed in DR.. Pupin
the old and the new, the small and
the great. the strife and the victory
which are the distinguishing charac-
teristics Of a planet dedicated to
human aspiration and achievement.
His example, it follows, will endure
and prosper and his memory will be a
source of courage and comfort to
his race.
Evening star., 1935-03-13

unemployed in March, 1898, and that
the number in December, 1884. was
10,830,000. The indicated increase in
employment was only 20 per cent.
However. if the increase in population
during this period of 100000 be dis
regarded. the New Deal has produced
jobs for 26 per cent Of those unem-
ployed when President Roosevelt took
Office. Moreover, there were probably
at least 2,500,000 unemployed when
the depression began"
The New York Sun holds that 'in
the two years the President has had
many triumphs and few defeats
while the New York Times feels that
"he still has the great opportunity to
show himself q man of answering
will and true leader of the people"
Voicing opposition to the policies Of
the Government. the Columbus (Ohio)
Dispatch argues: 'The New Deal, at
the end of its second year, has run
into obstacles, many of them Of its
own making and others caused by
collision of its policies with the laws
Of nature, which have left it ineffec-
tive so far as reducing unemployment
Is concerned, and at loss apparently
to offer anything more than the same
thing it has tried for so long on a
larger scale"
so long as American business IS
dealt with by the Government as an
unconvicted criminal" asserts the Los
Angeles Times. ''it is idle to expect
that it can make substantial progress
toward recovery" The New York
Herald Tribune also criticizes threats
to business, to investors, to the tax
payer. to the dollar" The Chicago
Journal Of Commerce asks: What of
an administration which, when it finds
that admitted experiments will not
work. moves further and further
toward dictatorial regimen"
The Philadelphia Evening Bulletin
observes: There has been relief and
some measure Of reconstruction, but /
recovery has not been accomplished.
Meanwhile, a Congress that for two
years has been obedient shows inclina-
ton to exercise its own mind, or to-
reflect the pressure of a national mind
which, in one phase or another, Is be-
coming more critical of the adminis1
tration and. in one direction or an1
other, Is actually divergent"
The country" in the opinion Of
the st. Joseph (Mo.) News-Press. "i
showing signs of turning away from
planned economy and Of viewing its
problems realistically, with regard for
natural laws and measures that have
proved their worth" The Columbia
Is. c. Record sees confusion" in
methods, the Topeka (Kans.) Daily 7
Capital records public "disappoint-
ment," and the Tulsa (Okla.) Tribune
AYERS that "the living standard Of
the people has been lowered"
Evening star., 1935-03-13
SHOOTING STARS.
BY PHLANDER JOHNSON.

Counting the Missing.
Oh, General! The fight was hard
And cruel words brought pain.
The leader of q mob Ill starred
Made prayers to sound in vain.
But Is we pause to count the cost
OF this historic fray
We find no arms or legs are lost,
Though heads have gone astray.
Oh, Generall We're sadly led
'Mongst darkening fears to grope.
II good old Sense of Humor's dead
What is there left to hopel
Evening star., 1935-03-13

of the millions Of innocent investors"
The rule Of caveat emptor-buyer be-
ware-must apply in any csse. Fur
thermore, u Is better to have the in
vesting public protected in the future
from the kind Of thing that Samuel
insult and his companies did to 1t
than to permit a situation to continue
under which such transactions may be
carried on with impunity.
Particular attack is directed against
the Rayburn- Wheeler bill for the con-
troll Of holding companies. According
to the opponents Of regulation, this bill
Is especially Objectionable. Probably
any other bill which proposed regula-
ton of those companies by the Gov
ernment would be the subject Of at
tack from the same sources. The
claim is made by public utility execu-
tives and others interested in these
holding companies that the holding
company has made possible great
achievements in every major indus
try. Great achievements had been
acco nplished in American industries
before the holding company put its
throttling grip on them. 1t was be-
cause Of these achievements that big
aggregations Of capital have been able
to organize. And these organizations
have too often been set up for the
purpose Of wringing more gains from
the local companies. They have been
made attractive to the investor and
the holder of stock IN the local COM
panies by the issuance Of additional
stock, stock issued upon the theory
that the bigger financing arrange
ments and the concentration of con-
troll over many companies would
make for greater gains. These gains,
however, have to come out of the same
consumers.
The utility executives say that they
do not object to fair and construc-
tive bill for Government regulation
Of holding companies. Any law which
Is passed should be both fair and con-
structive. If changes are necessary
in the Rayburn-Wheeler bill to make
that measure fair and constructive,
let them be made. But in the hurly-
burly row over the provisions Of this
particular bill the necessity of enact
ing legislation should not be forgot
| ten.
Evening star., 1935-03-13
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN.

naturally followed. During the reign
of Louis XIV the wigs assumed mon
umental proportions, and about 1860
even ecclesiastics began to wear them.
Toward the end Of the eighteenth
century they began to be superseded
by the queue with hair powder.
@. How many countries have Y. w.
G. A.'S?-H. A. D.
A. There are organizations in fifty
countries which affiliate with the
Worlds Council Of Y. w. C. A., which
has headquarters in Geneva, Switzer-
land.
@. For what purpose did Daddy
Browning leave large benefaction?-
T. s.
A. In his will, Edward West Brown
ing left 100000 trust fund for the
treatment Of crippled and siling chill
dren through the Hospital for Joint
Diseases.
O. When a President Of the United
States is impeached, who presides at
the trial?-N. NJ. T.
A. The Senate tries the case, with
the Chief Justice of the United States
Supreme Court presiding.
@. Who first taught law in an
American college?-G. N.
A. George Wythe was the first pro-
fessor to offer law course. In his
house in historic Williamsburg. Va,
George Washington made his head
quarters before the siege Of York
town.
@. Why does the rubber tree bleed
only in the morning?-J. L. P.
A. The Bureau of Plant Industry
says that rubber trees bleed more
freely in the morning than at other
times because the bark pressure is
higher. This is due to the fact that
Transportation is cut down during the
night. The tree will bleed to some
extent at any time.
@. What are the Latin names for
the three fateS?-C. T.
A. They are Clotho, who presided
over birth and drew from her distaf
the thread Of life; Lachesis, who spun
the thread of Life, and AtropoS, who
presided over death and cut the thread
of life.
@. How many States were repre-
sented in the first Continental Con-
gress?-W. w.
A. Twelve. OF the thirteen orig
inal States, Georgia was not rep
resented.
@. Are there fish in the Sea of CAL
lice now?-V. N.
A. Fish are plentiful and are caught
with nets by guild of fishermen.
@. What were the three greatest
railroad disasters?-T. M.
A. Two occurred during the World
War-one at Modane, France, and
one at Gretna Green, Scotland. At
Modane, December IL, 1917. between
500 and 900 soldiers lost their lives
and about $50 were injured. At
Gretna Green, May %, 1915, about
| 230 people were killed and $50 in
| jured. The third of the greatest ac-
cidents of this kind was the wreck, at
Lagny, France, December "a, 1888, in
which 200 lost their lives and 800
were injured.
| @. What is the purpose Of the Ma
| tional Institute of Social Sciences?-
C. r.
A. The principal objects Of this
corporation are to promote study Of
the social sciences and research there
in and to reward distinguished serv-
ices rendered to humanity, either by
election to membership or by be-
stowal of honor medals, or other in
sigma. Qualification for membership
is some notable achievement in the
field of social science or services per-
formed for the bentfit Of mankind.
Evening star., 1935-03-13

Of such chair, however, this good
sitting posture would not be at all
easy, and no doubt the business world
would be presented with the common
home sight, that Of q gentleman prac-
tically lying down in q chair.
Good posture in sitting calls for
the use of such fitting chairs when
ever possible.
Even the best of chairs, however.
Is not so good when sat In inter-
ruptedly, hence 1t will be found good
practice to take o turn around the
corridor, every now and then, II for
no more than q drink at the water
fountain.
This is a bit Of advice commonly
acted on by all who are not held
down as economic slaves or by work
which demands a slavish attention,
but the truth is that great many
persons do not yet realize the neces-
sity for this walking around bit, and
feel somewhat ashamed of it. No
real sitting, however, can be put into
effect until this truth Is realized and
acted on.
Too much fitting, too much sitting
in any one position, is bad, SO that
the best office practice calls for vari-
ations from time to time.
All these rules, unconSciously put
into practice by most persons at
desks, mean that the mental and
physical side of the art have some
chance.
In speaking Of the mental side, we
speak not of work done so much as
of the mental approach to work and
the treatment Of visitors of all sorts
The mentality Of good desk sitting Is
a thing which flowers as the result
OF comfort.
No doubt many Of the roff1ce
grouches" of the world can be traced
TO home troubles, and, shall we say.
other illnesses, but surely part of
them are the result of plain failure
to realize the necessity for comfort
at a desk, Towering into good men,
tai approach to the days work, the
latter including right greeting to
callers.
There are some things the man
or woman at the desk should not
do: there are some things callers
should not do.
One of the most common faults Of
the desk man, one found everywhere,
is the placement OF the callers chair
where he must look directly into the
light.
This is q piece of discourtesy which
has never received the attention it
should. No matter what the reasons
for it, and they are very real. it is
impolitneSs carried to the last degree.
1t offends against the Golden Rule.
1t may drive an obnoxious visitor out
more quickly, but it often upsets the
good caller, too. There is little real
excuse for 1t.
One of the common faults Of the
caller is to attempt to act too free
and easy, as the saying is. He should
not fool with articles on another's s
desk, nor actually seat himself on a
corner therof. Nothing is more COM
mon or more obnoxious than this last.
The victim feels impelled to give the
fellow a shove. but seldom yields to
the urge. The unmentionable habit
of o caller placing his feet on mans
desk is not unknown, though it ought
to be.
Light and ventilation are prob
lens Of management. but much de-
pendS upon individuals, too. Good
desk sitters will not be so inclined to
fuss and fume. but will be able to
cooperate. instead of kick. He who
knows how to sit at a desk will be
a better worker than ono who does
not know.
Evening star., 1935-03-13

John Lillibud, successful, pitiless and
merciless financier, changes spas
medically In character and in appear
ance into Richard Wilmington, q
handsome and struggling author, who
eventually attains recognition and
popularity. As Lillibud he is hated
by all, and the change in character
when he becomes Wilmington makes
him hate himself. In the latter role
he Is kindly, sympathetic and charm
ing. winning admiration and affection
and even devotion. But it is not
lovely story, and not one to be re-
membered with any degree Of salts,
action, @
Evening star., 1935-03-13

A reader can get the anSUer to
any question OF fact by ,Driting The
Washington EDening Star Information
Bureau, Frederic J. Hdskin, Director,
Washington, D. c. Please tnclose
stamp for reply.
@. How long has there been COM
mercial telephone service between
New York and London?-V. B. E.
A. The service was opened in 1927.
The first words were Hello, Lon
don," sent by Walter g. Clifford, pres
ident Of the American Telephone &
Telegraph Co., to Sir G. Evelyn P.
Murray, secretary Of the British
Postal Service. Thirty-one CONNER
ciaI calls were made on the first day.
@. What is the value of the South
ern mountaineer industry of making
candlewick bedspreads?-W. T.
A. In 1888 it amounted to at least
81 100000 and gave employment to
more than 10000 persons, chiefly
women.
@. Why did so many old buildings
have gargoyles at the roof hne?-
w. F.
A. They were used to drain the
water from the roof. The water
spurted from their open mouths.
Drain pipes have almost entirely
superseded them.
@. To whom do the ruins at Stone
henge belong?-A. r.
A. They were given to England
by Sir H. Chubb, who died last year.
@. Why are the minutes Of a meet
ing so called?-B. G.
A. The expression is very old. 1t
came from the use of the word
meaning to minute down, or make
note of. The first published use
we find Of this expression was as
early as 164S-"All which minuted
by Louis de Longueville was at last
thus fully concluded"
@. What do the words Allegheny
and Monongahela mean?-E. G. T.
A Allegheny Is corruption of the
Delaware Indian name meaning lost.
Monongahela is a similar corruption
for the word meaning river with
sliding banks.
@. What kind Of armor was gamble
Son?-G. M.
A. Gambeson, or wambais, Is the
most ancient of armor and was used
by the Egyptians. 1t consisted of
layers Of cloth, tow, or similar ma
terial, and was quilted on a lining
canvas or leather. In the Middle
Ages it was worn by infantry as their
only defense and by knights under
their mail shirts.
@. How many school teachers are
there in the United States?-J. B.
A. There are approximately ,063,00
teachers in all types of schools in the
United States. About Toe, 900 Of these
are in elementary schools, about
250, 900 in secondary schools and about
10000 in colleges.
@. Does Switzerland publish many
| newspapers?-C. G.
A. With a population Of only 4,000.-
900, Switzerland publishes nearly SOC
daily newspapers.
@. Was Adam furniture made b!
| the Adam brothers?-M. P.
A. The Adams were architects wht
designed, but did not execute, fur
niture.
@. When did wigs become the fash
ion in France?-M. G.
A. In the latter half Of the six
teenth century the fashion became
much in vogue in France, Italy anc
England. In 1860 no lady appeared
in the Fernch court without a blonC
wig. Louis XIII set the fashion
wearing a wig of long curls, being
himself bald, and the courtier!
Evening star., 1935-03-13

Archeologists discover SO many
primitive weapons as to create the
impression that munitions making de-
serves to be classed with music as
one of the oldest professions on earth.
Evening star., 1935-03-13

Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes be-
queathed most of his unoSentatious
fortune to the United States Of
America; not heavy legacy in value,
but a deep and abiding reminder Of
affection.
Evening star., 1935-03-13

Russia once fought the Japanese
without success. As the occasion Is
dimly recalled, the Russians took
along more champagne than ammu-
milton and ballet dancers instead of
soldiers.
Evening star., 1935-03-13

Although Controller General McCarl
appeared to be functioning with health
full accuracy it seems necessary at
last to turn him over to the business
doctors.
Evening star., 1935-03-13

George Washington surveyed the
C. & o. Railroad, but this historic
fact does not quite account for the
manner in which Ohio has linked it.
self with Washington, D. c., in mat
ters of national politics.
Evening star., 1935-03-13

Communists are charged with get
ting into the school books. They can
do little harm so long as students
continue to read the newspapers.
Evening star., 1935-03-13

Figures keep mounting until they
hold out hope of attaining q mathe-
matical stratosphere which will mean
easy fiscal sailing.