davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1935-03-26
Business as Usual.

While European craftsmanship ex-
hausts its energies on laying founda-
tionS for the preservation of peace
and devising new political mechanisms
for prevention Of war, one ancient and
more or less dishonorable industry
the trade of espionage-goes on doing
business as usual. Not the least amaz-
ing feature of it is the fact that it
is pursued by and among nations
which are supposedly the best Of
friends or are bent upon cementing re-
lations in a spirit of mutual interest.
Because of the new crisis in Europe,
provoked by German rearmament and
defiance of the treaty of Versailles,
France is at present coquetting with
the Soviet Union for some kind of a
pact that is expected to eventuate In
another Franco Russian military alli-
ance of the sort that united the two
countries at the time of the World
War. To that end Premier Laval Is
about to proceed to Moscow for nego-
tiations with Stain and the other
masters of the Soviet. In some quar-
ters it is suspected that the Laval
Stain discussions will only place a
formal and official seal upon Franco
Russian military agreement which
already exists in all but acknowledged
form. A member of the Paris Cham
Der of Deputies during the Winter
blurted out what was regarded as an
indiscreet admission of that fact.
1t will strike the outside world rs
almost fantastic that at such a
moment France Is placing on trial
twenty-one alleged spies of Soviet
Russia, including ten women. who
are accused of traficking in French
military secrets for the benefit of the
Moscow government. An American
and his wife who have been in prison
at Paris for fifteenth months are
implicated in the reputed plot, a.
though their defense Is that they
Evening star., 1935-03-26
Propaganda by Radio a
New Force in Affairs
To the Editor of The Star:

To the Editor OF The Star:
The influence Of invention on our
social structure has never been SO
graphically illustrated as in the in
stance Of radio. The Inauguration Of
radio broadcasting presaged enter
tainment for the masses, mostly in
the form Of music. Nobody at the
beginning Of this new art envisaged
its greatest possibility, either in di-
rection or extent. Today this i'm
ponderable power is the weightiest
force that governs our social and po-
htical actions. In the form Of dis
semination of ideas and propaganda
1t has become . weapon Of over
vhelming capacity for any objective
that it Is desired to achieve. 1t can
create public opinion of great spread
and high intensity and with speed
inconceivable before this era. 1t can
inaugurate mass action for the pro-
duction Of political power, which in
turn when obtained can deprive the
masses Of any capability Of free &C
ton. Current instances Of these
potencies are readily observable in
contemporary European history.
An example Of the potency of this
agency in this country was the fate
of an administrative program in the
Senate, confidently arranged to be
carried through with little opposition,
which was utterly wrecked through
the influence Of single address over
the air. And this through the utter
nf M ivry yatrhlir life md
not responsible to any electorate or
official. Nothing as effective as this
exhibition has ever happened in q
free country in all previous history.
To change even few votes in the
United States Senate has taken
hitherto the efforts Of editorial pro-
nouncements of leaders long in the
public eye, Of tested capacity in
rendering judgment, or discussion by
chosen representatives Of the people
who reached high estate in public
estimation and have reflected ma
tured public opinion. It is manifes-
tation Of power suddenly come upon
us, with no historic parallel, and Is
cause for profound reflection.
Were that all 1t would be startling
enough. There may be an aspect Of
legitimacy in what has been so far
described. But when We confront the
abuses that have arisen out Of this
great privilege. we face q situation
of far more serious consequence. Once
an audience of millions has been
built up through radio voice sense
Of power Is felt that urges its use to
the utmost, that brooks no opposition
and confesses no errors.
The radio can give untold power to
q man of no responsibility. In time
Of stress, when its victims are ready
to listen to any false prophet, con-
scientiousless or irresponsible man
with gift of plausibility may acquire
terrible power for evil. irresponsible
power bestowed even upon a man Of
high purpose and considerable in
tellect may intoxicate its possessor
and make him danger to the state.
But when acquired by one who has
nothing but superficial mental gifts,
who may be incapable Of discussing
questions with knowledge or sincerity.
who may be reckless to the point of
ignoring all consequences, be they
ever so grave, but who possesses the
arts of persuasion and invective-
such an agency is all the more to be
dreaded in free country.
WILLIAM I. WYMAN.
Evening star., 1935-03-26
Mass Gains.

A curious social issue gradually Is
coming to the fore in the United
states-perhaps throughout the whole
world-but not many persons appear
to have thought about it. The time
will come, however, when 1t will have
to be faced, and possibly the denoue-
ment might as we'll be anticipated.
DR.. Charles Merriam, professor Of
political economy at the University
of Chicago, approached one aspect OF
the problem when he told a recent
meeting of the Town Hall of WASH
ington:
Democracy assumes that the gains
of civilization are essentially mass
gains, to be enjoyed by the people
who create them. National planning
should be directed to this end.
BY inference, he postulated two op-
posing forces-genius on the one hand,
the people on the other. And he had
abundant precedent for his state
ment of the democratic theory. It is
true that such an assumption has
been entertained by eminent expo
nents of popular rights-Karl Marx,
for example. But is the doctrine
sound? In sober fact, it may be and
should be challenged.
Appeal to history shows that the
"gains of civilization" invariably
have been achieved by individuals,
not by classes. Solon and Lycurgus
were tyrants who forced society into
obedience to their visions of law and
order; Charlemagne and Alfred the
Great crammed peace down the
throats of their subjects with swords;
Cromwell and Napoleon were dictators,
ruthless in their resistance TO the
mob; Washington created and Lin
coin preserved the American Re-
public In the face of democratic agita-
Evening star., 1935-03-26

this. Such, for example, is found
among the social insects, where the
individual seems almost non- existent
and to live entirely for the social
group. But such q creature as the
social ant probably does not recognize
any altruism in his own behavior. It
is in his biological nature to Tight for
the brood. He is expressing himself.
paradoxically enough, what seems the
acme Of unselfishness may be un-
adulterated selfishness. From his own
viewpoint-if he has any such thing
he acts for his own survival.
Again an apparent contradiction Is
found among the higher animals
reaching its highest development with
man during the past two centuries.
The individual helps his neighbor in
trouble, apparently voluntarily and
without thought Of self. He provides
food for the jobless, medical care and
medicine for the sick. He is quick
to sacrifice his own goods to help
those stricken with flood or famine.
But, DR.. Pearl pointed out, this
seems to constitute little more than
an extension of the individual will to
survive. It is enlightened self-inter-
est. The better the condition Of ones
neighbor the better ones own chances
Of survival. A typical example Is in
the field Of public health, where 1t is
decidedly disadvantageous to allow
ones neighbor to suffer Of q con-
tagious disease.
Whether this apparent contradic-
ton to the law of Selfishness con-
tinues to develop, Or. Pearl pointed
out, depends largely on whether it
proves to have real survival value.
This cannot be determined at pres
ent During the past century. at
least, the majority Of the human race
has enjoyed unprecedented easy liv.
ing. There has been enough, and to
spare, for ones neighbors. But 1t
may break down while living becomes
.did1cailt sSAtn.
Evening star., 1935-03-26
Bonuseers and Congress
Should March i'm Review
To the Editor of The Star:

To the Editor Of The Star:
In celebration of passage of the
bonus bill, I would suggest that
members of The House assemble at
the Capitol some day soon and that
the Legion and v. F. w. lobbyists
take command, form them in line and
march them at the goose-step down
the Avenue to the Treasury, before
which they should pass in review
with arms outstretched, hands open,
palms upward. SAM w. JENKS.
BROOKLYN. N, Y,
Evening star., 1935-03-26
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
BY FREDERIC ]. HASKIN,

A reader con get the dns,oer to
any question OF fact by tDrittng The
Washington Euening Star Information
Bureau, Frederic J. HdSkin, Director,
Washington, d. C. Please tnclose
stamp for reply.
@. How long ago was water-polo in
troduced In this country?-C. H. T.
A. 1t was brought to this country in
1885 by Fred Wells. Joe Ruddy,
coach Of the New York Athletic Club
team, began to play the game in 1895,
and has played for 40 years.
@. How many Boy Scouts 90 10
camp during a year?-H. L.
A. 1t is estimated that in 1884 over
400 900 Scouts spent a week or more
In camp.
@. When Is Pioneer day in Utah?-
N. A.
A. July "A, Pioneer day In Utah, Is
the anniversary day on which Brig
ham Young entered the Salt Lake
Valley.
@. If the Indians had no written
language, how is the Cherokee alpha
bet accounted form. w.
A. 1t was invented by Sequoya be-
tween 1909 and 1921. 1t was the
product of his contact with white civ
ilization. 1t was accepted by the Che
rokee nation and thousands we're soon
able to read material prepared in their
own language.
@. Why is the expression. to learn
a thing by heart" used?-R. Y.
A. Many centuries ago people be-
lieved that the emotions and functions
of the brain centered in the heart
These, Of course, included intellect
and memory. The expression grew
out Of this misconception.
O. Was Zangara an American?-
L. A. S.
A. zangara, who attempted to shoot
President Roosevelt and who did
fatally wound Mayor Cermak of Chi
cago, was an American citizen who
immigrated from Italy. Zangara be-
came a naturalized citizen in 1929.
@. Where did human beings first
live in North America?-F. E. L.
A. Recent excavations lead 10 the
belief that the Oldest habitation site
in the New World is near Folsom,
N. Mex.
@. What plants would grow if bird
seed were planted?-M w.
A. Birdseed consists OF the seed OF
canary grass. hemp, or millet, or other
small seed used for feeding cage birds
Some of this seed may be viable. and
may germinate and grow If planted.
@. How much gold has been pro-
duced in the world since America was
discovered?-G F. L.
A. The amount is estimated at
more than s4,400,0O0 troy ounces.
O. How many calories are there in
a pound Of marshmallows?-R. K.
A. There are 1,737.
@. Is the English ton heavier than
the American ton?-W. H. H.
A. The English use the long ton
containing 2,240 pounds. In America,
unless otherwise specified, the ton
contains 1000 pounds.
@. How many toy balloons are
made in the United States?-T. B.
A. Billboard says that there are
about a dozen factories turning them
out and that the total daily output
is about 100000 balloons. The
American-made article is exported to
all parts of the world.
@. Where is the Isle Of Capri
H. r.
A. Capri is an island in the Medi-
terranean at the entrance Of the Bay
Of Naples. 1t is 81 miles south Of
Naples and has an area Of 5s4 square
miles and a population Of $500. On
Evening star., 1935-03-26
A Rhyme at Twilight
By
Gertrude Brooke Hamilton.
F. ID. r.

Framed in the window Of passing car
I glimpsed the outline of a tempered
face,
A face in cameo sent my thoughts afar
Into an ideal realm of light and
space.
I felt all chaos in the world abate,
Seeing beyond my long desired goal
One who could keep amid the stress
of state
A calm serenity within his soul. :
Evening star., 1935-03-26

Plans for the distribution OF wealth
have not been devised as yet that Will
provide a scheme for keeping the
middle man from cutting in at some
point.
Evening star., 1935-03-26

The mortality rate among spies is
already heavy. 1t would be relief
If disarmament could be so established
as to leave nothing for spies to find
out
Evening star., 1935-03-26

Those who cannot afford lottery
tickets may buy q ten-cent package
of garden seed and indulge in a few
weeks of glorious expectation.
Evening star., 1935-03-26
SHOOTING STARS.
BY pHILANDER JOHNSON.

A Restraint Of Language.
Some men I've seen are mighty
mean,"
Said Hezekiah Bings.
A profit they will seek to CLEAN
From awful sorts OF things.
But one who seeks the kind Of gain
That may from war arise
I'm hesitating to explain
How him I do despise.
They never know, such reckless chaps,
How far their greed extends.
They will be shooting up perhaps
Their family and their friends.
And when a shout of boastful cheer
Such warriors lift anew
It seems but nothing to my ear
Than "cock-a-doodle dol"
The Haunting feathers on display
Denote the man who begs
For cheers, though powerless to lay
A few good honest eggs.
I say, bereft of language clean
When such ambition clings,
Some men I've seen are mighty
mean
Said Hezekiah Bings.
Evening star., 1935-03-26

The first person singular habit has
developed literary dificulty. 1t Is
seldom that sn author can present q
story hero as fascinating as himself.
Evening star., 1935-03-26
Ware the SnO0per.
Policies.

Policies.
We have to do our best to hold
A straight and level course.
But as conditions new unfold
Comes a disturbing force.
We must admit we have our faults.
We can't, we are aware,
II we keep turning somersaults.
Keep right side up with care.
"Tryin' to run away from trouble,
said Uncle Eben. ''is liable to put yor
in . frame of mind correspondent x
somethin' like athletes foot.n
Evening star., 1935-03-26

Taxpayers protest but most Of them
remain unheard because they cannot
afford to pay for radio time.
Evening star., 1935-03-26

In promoting study Of the classics
professors have not gone very far into
a political analysis of Alsmithology.
Evening star., 1935-03-26
Arabian Sportsmanship.

From the Des Moines Tribune.
An Arab tribe agrees to give the
loot back If it may continue to raid
towns. It is pleasing to feel that
sport somewhere is not grossly COM
mercial.
Evening star., 1935-03-26
Emulators.

From the Saginaw Daily News
Even II Sir Malcolm Campbell fails
to make 800 miles an hour all is not
lost. Hundreds Of grocery truck
drivers will keep on trying.
Evening star., 1935-03-26
The Evening Star Newspaper Company

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news dispatches credited to it or not other
wise ~redited in this paper and also the
local news published herein All rights OF
publication of special dispatches herein
are also reserved
Evening star., 1935-03-26

Experiment.
"Just by way of wealth distribu-
tion," said Senator Sorghum, Il gave
i've of my farm hands ten dollars
apiece"
"And then what?"
"The best poker player among them
now has it all"
Jud Tunkins says the only satisfac-
ton some women get out Of alimony
Is bein' reminded that the old man
is still broke and worried.
Sign.
Signs Of the times we read afar
When Mars is the unlucky star.
The clearest one, beyond a doubt,
Is one which simply reads Keep Out"
Ware the Snooper.
"Do you object to that pink slip
because you don't want your neighbors
to know how large your income is?"
mo-" answered Mr.. Dustin Stax,
I'm afraid they'll find out how small
it is"
Evening star., 1935-03-26

@. Will there be reprints Of the
Maryland Tercentenary or Wisconsin
Tercentenary stamp issues?-M. D.
A. There are no plans for such re-
prints.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-11-21
PEACE IN WAKE
OF STRIKE RIOTS
u. S. Labor Chief Arrives
to View Injured and
Wrecked Plant.
By United Press

BARBERTON, O., Nov. Gloon
Citation attempts in the Ohio In
sulator Co. labor battle began to-
day with arrival of Hugh D. F'riel
of the United States Department of
Labor.
Picketing strikers were quoted
with Friel's arrival after almost %
hours of continuous fighting with
steel helmeted company guards.
They still lined the streets near the
plant, but apparently were making
an effort to avoid further clash.
Friel planned to confer first with
spokesman for the company. He was
unable to locate them momentarily
and waited in a hotel in nearby
Akron.
Two observers for Adjt. Gen.
Emil F.. Marx drove slowly
through the debris-strewn streets
where from yesterday until early
today guards armed with tear and
nausea gas guns and Infatuated
club-swinging strikers clashed time
and again.
The two, Coils William L. Marlin
and George Conelly, reported local
authorities had the situation we'll in
hand.
Company guards also retired after
the pickets and sympathizers re-
treated from the main gate they had
stormed The streets to which they
moved were strewn with broken
bottles, bricks and stones, hurled in
clashes in the previous "a hours.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-11-21
COUNCIL PROBES
JAIL POISONING
Joins Four Other County
Official Groups in
Investigation.

The County Council today joined
four other investigating agencies
attempting to trace the source of
food poisoning which yesterday af-
fected a score of prisoners at the
County Jail.
Previously Sheriff Ray, Criminal
Court Judge Frank P. Baker, Coun-
ty Commissioners and Prosecutor
Herbert M. Spencer expressed a de-
poisoning. All awaited a report from
DR.. R. N. Harger, state PSYCHOLOGIST,
who is examining samples of the
food eaten at the noon meal.
Meanwhile five of the eight who
had been seriously i'll were removed
from City Hospital detention ward
and returned to the jail All prison.
ers ate their noon meal today.
Privately. DR.. Harger has reported
to the sheriff that he has found no
traces of poisoning so far and the
sheriff advances new theory.
Sheriff Ray believes, he said to-
day, that some roach powder in
some way got into the food and that
it was responsible for the wholesale
illness.
Dir. Harger probably will complete
his tests of the food samples today.
He will discover if there is any
foreign chemical in the food.
DR.. C. G.. Culbertson, bacteriolo-
giSt, will discover in tests he is max
ing if the poisoning was due to any
food Spoilage.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-11-21
c. N. VANCLEAVE
DIES IN HOSPITAL
Local Business Man Will BE-
Buried Saturday.

Charles M VanCleave, Indianap-
oils business man and one of the
founders of the Columbia Club, died
today at st. Vincent's after long
illness. Mr.. VanCleave was a.
Mr.. VanCleave had been i'll for
about a year and had resided with
his daughter, Mrs. J. B. flanagan,
523 Highlander.
For As years, Mr.. VanCleave had
been an agent for the New York
Life Insurance Co. He was pres
ident of the Nik-O-Lok Co, the
Washington and Hackley Realty
Co, and the Austin Heights Realty
Co.
Funeral services are to be an
nounced later, with burial in Craw-
louisville Saturday.
In addition to Mrs flanagan. an
other daughter, Mrs. j. r. McNutt,
survives.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-11-21
Park Board and Golfers
DO 10Th Hole for Naught

Seventy-flve Pleasant Run golfers
made a nineteenth hole out of the
Park Boards office in City Hall to-
Gay and went round and round with
the board over the proposed Pleas
ant Run-blvd extension, but Moth
ing was decided.
The Park Board greeted the golf
ers, asked them to sit down, and
then pinned up six sets of blue
prints of the proposed route on the
walls and settled back.
J. E. Perry, board engineer, eX-
planned that the sixth and last revi-
sion merely moved No. tee back
10 feet; No. 8 green back 40 feet,
and somewhat shortened No. 9 tee.
DR.. Dale Lentz, club president,
and Paul Frames, chairman of the
club grounds committee, pulled out
some blue prints of their own and
pinned them on the wall a sur
prise move.
Then the golfers said that the
plans would make them play along
the proposed boulevard and thai,
since even the best golfers hook OF
slice once in a while, all cars on
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-11-21
JAPAN DEFERS
China EMPIRE
SidetraCks Autonomy Plan
Because of Series of
Condolences
Copyright. 1895. by United Press

Copyright. 1885. by United PreSsl
PEIPING, Nov. 21.-A series Of
condolences which have caused
key Chinese leaders to visit sick
mothers, attend sudden business de-
mands, and contract galloping colds
seemed today to have delayed ia
pans long-planned formation of an
autonomous state in northern
China.
A few days ago, Maj. Gen. Kenji
Doihara, japanese chief of intelli-
gence in northern China, told Chi
nese leaders the japanese army had
II divisions of soldiers ready to in
wade China if necessary, it is I'M
derStood.
At once the formation of the
Separatist state from five provinces
nearest to Manchukuo entered what
seemed the final stage. 1t was said
authoritatively that the state would
be formed yesterday.
Today it was said on authority
here that the formation was in
definitely delayed.
That the autonomous state would
be formed seemed certain. But its
extent and the degree of its
AUTOMATICALLY of its control by
Japan as opposed to the Central
Chinese government-were not Ger
tain.
1t was said also the Chinese gov
eminent had been informed by
Japan that it's military officials had
been told to abstain from any
drastic action and that Gen
Doihara was not authorized to
speak for the government.