davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Amerikai Magyar hirlap = American Magyar journal. [volume] (Youngstown, Ohio) 1911-1942, 1935-10-24

vannak esZk0zei testveri szere-
ereztetesere, vannak eszk0zei a
kilengesek megtorlasara is.
A verhovay Haz felepitese
mex es felavatasanak esene-
nye maris ereztetni kezdi ha-
tasat azzal, hogy k6selebb hoz-
"a a 14-ik eSs102-ik fiok osz-
szeolvadasat, ami uj fejl6desi
lehet6segeknek utjat nyitja
meg es egyetemes k0zerdekb6l
nagyon kivanatos.
Amerikai Magyar hirlap = American Magyar journal. [volume] (Youngstown, Ohio) 1911-1942, 1935-10-24

Az iden a campbelli repub-
likanusok jel0ltje John M.
Roper, egy horvat szarmazasu,
mem idos, derek ember,.. aki
mar eddig is szepa szerepet
jatNott Campbell Yaros elete-
ben. So. 81. at.
Roper, aki ket evvel ezel6tt
alig par szavazattal maradt
Gordon polgarmester mog0tt,
az el6valasztason, ket9 a4 evig
szolgalta a varost mint varosi
tanAcsos .es ezalatt az lido
alatt levagta a varos kiada-
satt. Mindig harcolt parkok-
ert es jatsz6 helyekert es ala
csonyabb gaz-dijakert. Mint a
campbelli iskolaszek eln0ke az
8 ideje alatt tortent meg el6-
szor, hogy az iskolak az evet
81 ezer dollar felesleggel zar-
TAX. Segitett $4,000 erteku
PWA munka elnyereseben Is
az iskolakat kitiino penziigyi
helyzetbe hozta.
Az iden Roper a republika-
nus polgarmester-jel0l es mint
ilyen keri a magyar szarma-
zasu szavazok partolasat.
Amerikai Magyar hirlap = American Magyar journal. [volume] (Youngstown, Ohio) 1911-1942, 1935-10-24

konvenci6t akarna.
A keriileti gyiiles targysoro-
zata ezzel kimeriilt Is ha AIT
megse fejeztek be mar. ekkor,
annak Okla AZ volt. hogy meg
jelent a teremben Darag6 J6-
zsef kozponti eln0k, Nemeth
Kalman. igazgat6sagi tag, Ne
menyi MikI6s Emo szerkeszt6,
az utols6 konvenci6 jegyz6je,
akiket a keriileti gyiiles dele
gatusai meleg tisztelettI TO-
gadtak. Darag6 J6zsef eln0k
meghatott elfogultsaggal meg
razo ereju beszedben fordult
az ifiusaghoz, amelynek kul0-
n0sen vegs6 szavai keltettek
hatast.
- Fiaim. mondotta Da-
rago J6zsef. - bocsassak meg
nekem, Greg embernek, apa-
max es nagyapanak, hogy eler-
zekenyedtem, de az elmul6
nemzedek elmul6 e1nbere gy0-
ny0rkodott 0nok lattara alb.
ban, hogy nem mulik ell veg
leg, hanem tovabb el utodai-
ban.
Az ora mutatoja szerint pom
tosan So percet vett igenybe
a gyiiles, amelynek bezarasa
utan a targyalas meltosaganak
kotelekeit6l felszabadulva tiize-
sebb, melegebb szeretettel kap-
csolta onmagahoz a fiatalsag
a Verhoyay Greg tagjait.
A kerlileti gyulest k0vette a
cleveland Verhovay Haz fel-
avatasa. Az impozans, minden
tekintetben megfelel6 epilet
nagy terme mem tudta befo-
gadni a temerdek vendeget. A
mellekhelyisegekben es ter
mekbea is teritettek szazak re-
szere cs azoknal az asztalok-
nal f6leg a 14-ik fiok tagjai
foglaltak helyet, hogy a mas
varosokb6l kaprazatos szam-.
ban erke76 Verhovay tagok a
nagy teremben foglalhassanak
helyet. K0zeli es tavoli Verho-
way fiokok, Youngstown, Lo-
rain, Elyria, Canton, Akron,
Barberton es Detroit, a penn
keruleti gyiiles kimondotta,
sylvaniai New Castle es Sha-
ron varosok nem egyesevel, ha-
mem tizevel kiildtek Verhovay
tagjaikat a. cleveland Verho-
way Haz felavatasara. Nagyon
talal6an jegyezte meg valaki:
= Olyan sok konvencios de-
legatus van lit, hogy akar
midjart meg is lehetne tarta-
nj ait a rendkiviili konven-
ciot, amt eppen ez a fiok
akarna.
A k0zpont r6szer6l oft volt
Darago Jozsef eln0k, Korosfoy
Janos aleln0k, Bencze Janos
fotitkar, Varga J Mihaly f6-
penztarnok, Revesz Kalman
f6szamvev6. DR.. Gomory Sa-
muel foorvos. A konvencios de-
legatusok k6zil megjelent Ne
meth Kalman, az utolso kon-
venci6 gyllesvezcto elnoke,
akivel szemben Nemenyi Mix
los Emo szerkeszt6, a konven-
clio jegyzoje foglalt helyet. Sza-
lay J6zsef es Bozsvay Janos,
Marczis Jozsef ellenor, Homo
Iva Istvan, Pinter Ferenc,
Bumbulucz Jozsef, Tokey San
dor, Mikula Janos. Balogh La
jos, Takach Bella, Rigo Jozsef
Lukacs Istvan, Bessenyey
Agoston, Brogley Ferenc es
/! masok tuntek fel a "kis kon-
vencion".
Mem a mi feladatunk az,
hogy a felavato bankett kro-
nikasai legyunk. A felavatas
nagysikeru volt es komoly ia
nulsaggal szolgalhatna a 14-ik
fi6knak. A minden oldalrol
|
Evening star., 1935-12-15
Huge Telescope Mirror Still Faces Many Hazards
Three-Year Period for
Grinding Also Holds
Dark Prospects.

used, one within the other, to reduce
to a minimum the danger of any
rough handling on the way West.
Because of the size Of the glass and
its crates, it was necessary to plot
course across the country with great
care, to assure that all bridges over
which the disc must pass and all tun-
nels through which it must go are
of sufficient height to permit the
precious freight to be carried safely.
Once the disc reaches the West
Coast it will be unloaded, laid fiat
on huge motor truck similar to those
used to carry the huge sections Of
the Boulder Dam diversion tunnels
and taken to the optical works, where
it will be prepared for its eventual
purpose.
The room in which the glass is
to be housed will be air conditioned
and temperature controlled during the
entire stay of three years the glass
is being ground down.
Eventually it will be ready for the
back coating which will make it a
huge reflector. Usually quicksilver is
used for this purpose, but those
charged with the preparation Of the
reflector will employ aluminium paint
on this occasion.
Astronomers have been specific in
stating that what they desire of the
glass is not magnifying power, but
greater light concentration with much
brighter and clearer images resulting.
IT is expected that the new mirror
will condense the light from dis
tant stars to an extent that light 10
times brighter than that now obtained
will result for Photographic purposes.
The astronomers hope to add great
ly to their knowledge and to obtain
also definite proof of, or the fallaey
of, the theory of the expanding uni
verse. There is no desire, no tnten-
ton Of trying to see whether any one
lives on Mars or how they live If the
planet is inhabited. Rather the as
stronomers seek TO perfect the knowl-
edge they now have concerning the
universe.
When their disc is ready to be
placed in the telescope it will be 201
inches in diameter and 2S inches
thick. It will mark the greatest en-
gineering feat In the history Of the
glass industry. a
Evening star., 1935-12-15

and its contents taken to the sorter
who separates mail for the West ac-
cordint to States and several OF the
larger cities. Minneapolis falling In
the latter class, your card goes into
a bag containing mail for only this
city. About 1890 this sack is placed
on an electric depot truck and trun-
died to the adjoining railroad station,
to be loaded into a storage car con-
tanning mail for points west of Chi
oago This train leaves at midnight.
Arriving in Chicago at Sis pm.
next day, sacks from this car are
sorted by Railway Mail Service en-
ployes and transferred to the proper
trains. The next Minneapolis train
does not leave until pm, but two
hours earlier the sack is heaved into
a railway post office car, in which
half a dozen clerks already are busy.
AS THE sacks are handed up one
= clerk reads the label aloud as
he tosses the heavy bag to one of
his mates. Our sacb going to the
end of the run. is placed in the bottom
of the pile and forgotten for the time
being. Two of the clerks are opening
sacks labeled Milwaukee" and are
sorting letters for the carrier routes
of that city A third is sorting first
class mail for stations and connecting
lines between Chicago and Portage.
Every few minutes, after the train
gets under way, one clerk opens the
door and tosses out sack or two on
station platform as the through
train speeds by. Another clerk at the
other door lowers a lever that swings
the mail-catching device outward. The
arm catches sack suspended on the
mail crane beside the track and, as
contact is made, he releases the lever,
permitting the pickup sack to drop
through the door of its own weight.
This bag is at once opened-more grist
for the sorting clerks.
After the train leaves Milwaukee the
sacks marked "St. Paul" and Mime
sofa" are opened. and their contents
sorted direct to the carriers of those
cities The train arrives in Mime
apolis at 8 a.m.-too late for the first
delivery, but already sorted and ready
for the carriers on their second trip.
Your card has been delivered, in spite
of the Christmas rush, 40 hours after
it was mailed.
Those parcel-post packages take
longer to reach their destination, not
because they are permitted to lie
around, but because they are harder to
handle The greatest time-saving ele-
ment with first-class mail is the sort |
ing en- route in railway post Offices.
Evening star., 1935-12-15

with wonder at its beauty and charm.
Utterly oblivious OF their parents
standing in the doorway they drop
quickly to the floor and begin to peep
into the big packages that lie piled
around its snowy" base. Toy SantaS,
dolls. reindeer and sleigh, a popgun
and books with great big letters, me-
chanical toys, games, skates.
Where do they come from? Where
does Santa gather up for the joyous
Christmastide of the American house
hold the thousand and one playthings
which delight the children and even
grown-upS.
Down from the Northland comes
Santa with his reindeer and sleigh
loaded with all Christmas thing, says
the legend. But the modern Santa
Claus is even more Of a cosmopolite.
Many lands scattered over the earth
contribute to our happy Christmas OF
toys and playthings for the children
of books and dolls, of mechanical
trains and games, of tinsel and COL
ored ornaments that simmer on the
garlanded and festooned trees.
Japan leads all the world in making
Christmas dolls Itself a sort OF
fairyland of children and trees and
miniature things, it sends to America
each year millions of toy people to
make happy the youngsters. Most OF
these are of the cheaper variety that
can be tossed here and there by little
hands without harm. Then there are
other kinds, those that have porcelain
heads and china eyes.
Germany also is doll land for chill
dren of the world But not so much
as Japan. Things that please little
boys mostly c1me from Germany, such
things as mechanical toys of every
description, toy guns and skates and
the like Germany also is a great
country for the making of those deco
rations that go to make the Christmas
tree such a vital, living thing All
manner Of tree ornaments, such as
the beautifully colored tree decora-
tions that shine and dance in the fire
light. Too, comes from Germany the
metal snow" that hangs down from
the Christmas tree in great festoons
and give it the appearance of silver
pyramid
Evening star., 1935-12-15

been subjected to internal strain which
would greatly reduce its light-gather-
ing possibilities. The test was made
by passing polarized light through the
glass. Strain is indicated by what Is
known as birefringence.
Polarized light, which is used in the
test, is obtained by passing light
through a Nicol prism which takes out
the vibrations Of light in certain
planes. To complete the test second
Nicol prism is employed. the latter
being known as the analyzer. One
was placed on one side Of the disc and
one on the other. In the absence Of
strain, the analyzer shows black.
Where some strain has occurred the
pattern is black and white, while If
severe strain occurs the effect is that
of rainbow. Tests have progressed
sufficiently far to indicate that the
glass will serve its purpose.
THE Grating of the lense for ship
= nnent will be matter Of great
concern, two crates, In fact. being
Evening star., 1935-12-15
Transportation of ZOO Inch
Lens to Pacific Coast
Fraught With Danger.
By HOward P. Bailey.

Bv HOward p. Bailey.
TINE spectacular pouring of the
huge 200-inch telescope mir
ror at Corning, N. Y, and the
year-long process of annealing
have been brought to successful con-
clusion.
Soon another spectacular undertak-
ing will be started, the long, round
about trip to California, where the
lens is eventually to be mounted, not
to give greater magnifcation, as might
be thought, but to give a far greater
concentration Of light than Is now
possible with existing mirrors.
The public has been well informed
on the complicated career OF the lens
to date and no doubt will be fully ap-
prised of the later steps when the
huge disk starts West.
After this next hazard Is safely
passed, however, will ensue many
months Of painstaking and tedious
work as the mass of rough glass Is
polished down into the concave disc,
which is expected to add wonderfully
to mans knowledge of his universe.
Grinding of the glass Is not only
a matter of smoothing of the surface
and Transforming the fiat disc into the
shape of a saucer. Always before the
grinders will be the problem of avoid
ing the development of heat under the
friction to an extent that undue stress
win develop from the surface tempera-
ture. Only a comparatively small
amount of the work can be under
taken during o single day. Experts
estimate that at least three years of
painstaking labor will be required be-
fore the glass Is finally brought down
to the thickness and shape desired.
When the glass first was poured
numerous posts or cores of ceramic
brick we're placed within the mold,
which was made of ceramic brick and
steel bands. These cores served q
double purpose, providing o ready
means of handing the glass after it
had cooled and providing also q
method of mounting the mirror once
it is ready to be mounted In the tele-
scope. They served also, when re-
moved, to provide hollow spaces, which
have lightened the weight consider
ably.
Evening star., 1935-12-15

THE glass disk and its mold, when
the glass had solidified but while
it was still glowing hot, were placed
within a huge annealer lined with
electric heating units much after the
fashion of some giants bread toaster.
In this for IL months, the glass was
allowed TO come down slowly, a degree
or two day, until finally room tenn
perature was attained. Last Sunday
the glass was removed from the an
nealer, the operation being accom-
plished by means of giant jack-screws
which permitted the mold, the disk
and the bottom Of the annealer TO
sink into the space beneath the an
nealer known as the cave. When SUI
ficiently down the disk and its mold
were carried lateraliy until place
was reached permitting it to be placed
on edge for the removal of the ceramic
cores. These cores were taken out by
sand blasting.
The next step was the testing Of
the disk to determine whether during
the annealing process the glass had
Evening star., 1935-12-15
By Charles Norman.
NEW YORK.

ANSW Mum
YOHN REGAIN is a forgotten
man" IL months of the year,
but today he is royalty receiving
homage from thousands Of
children in his tinsel and toy realm.
For John Regan is Santa Claus,
from November rs to December IS.
This is his sixth year as the stellar
attraction of the Christmas season at
one OF New York's largest department
stores.
When he comes to work he carries
under his arm long white beard
wrapped in tissue paper. One moment
he is on the street, one of the teeming
millions. obscure, unprepoSsessing, 81,
an actor by profession. The next he
is striding into the vast emporium with
q buoyant step and lift to his heart,
to play the role of his life.
Even before the whiskers are on his
chin ana the shiny boots on his feet,
he is receiving the greetings OF old
employees. The transformation Is
quickly accomplished garbed. padded
and whiskered, he enters the throne
room.
Then the tumult and shouting be-
gin.
IRON 9 to 6, children by the thou
L sands step up to the booth where
Santa Claus sits, shake hands, whisper
in his ear. yank at his whiskers, laugh
happily or stare skeptically. aloof, with
the detachment Of a child.
Occasionally q little boy or little
girl will stand there pugnaciously and
blurt out: Dat amt Sanity Claus"
But most Of them, Regan says, are
eager to get as close as they can, TO
Whisper their Christmas desires, to lin
Evening star., 1935-12-15
BUDGET PROBLEM SIMPLTFIED
Danish Fear of Deficits by Giving Proper
Attention to Surplus Fund Account.

divided by IL and one-twelfth set
down for each month.
Another item which can be as
signed column is the installment on
any deferred-payment accounts.
The question of food and household
service should be all handled in one
lump definite amount set aside
and the expenditures kept within that
figure. If the month starts with tur-
key and the funds run low toward the
end of the month. the type of food
purchased must conform to the short
age of money.
WITH the fixed charges all deter
mined and allowances made for
household expense, which includes the
food, for the breadwinner's spending
money" and so on surplus should
be left over.
This monthly surplus is the elastic
account which takes care of clothes,
doctors bills. entertainment, new furs
niture and other on-predictable ex.
penses.
With the schedule worked out on
the first double page, following pages
should be assigned to each individual
account, with provision for IL monthly
entries. For instance, the fuel ac-
count receives a page. Starting from
scratch, it is evident that this ac-
count will promptly go in the red, for
fuel expenditures in January will ex-
ceed the monthly allotment The
deficit must be made up out Of the
surplus account. On the fuel page
will be the allotment, the actual
amount spent and the status of the
balance. In Summer, when fuel Is
not purchased, the surplus account
can be reimbursed. If the expendi-
ture has been slightly overestimated
for the year, at the end of the year
q carry-over surplus in this account
will help to start the next year.
The same thing holds true OF the
gas, electricity and other such ac-
counts. When a surplus accrues, it
should be segregated from the regular
funds and accumulated to meet
deficits in the seasons of heavier ex-
penditure.
The surplus account, Of course,
Continued on Sixth Page)
Evening star., 1935-12-15
Speed Rules Huge Task
Every Second Counts in Day of Force Which
Reaches Total of 100000 Employees Dur
ing Year-End Mail Volume Increase.
Bv Bob Gordon.

the carriers who work from that
office. At 6 o'clock next morning
the carrier arrives, picks up his shsfr
of the mail and sorts Il Ecording
to street and number, in Sne manner
that will be most convenient for
making deliveries. At O'Clock the
postman rings the bell and hands the
card to your neighbor. Your 2-cent
stamp has commanded the services of
10 men.
Let us suppose your card was mailed
in Washington In the late evening to
a friend in Minneapolis. Collection
at your corner box was made at Sis
pm. After the first sorting 1t finds
itself in the rack marked West" In
few minutes 49, rack is er'H''o1
Evening star., 1935-12-15
FORGOTTEN MAN is KING NOW
John Regan Becomes Monarch of Manhattan
Isle as Children's Favorite Santa Claus.

ger as long as possible. Their ages
range all the way up to IA.
One little girl sat in his lap and
whispered: II don't believe in Santa
Claus, but I like to come and see you"
He gave her kiss.
The work has made Regan a philos-
opher. He likes to size up the par
ents, will not shake hands with little
tykeS whose hands are dirty-"itis only
fair to the Others" he explains-and
has learned to catch the signals of
anxious fathers and mothers regarding
what they can afford to give.
Every parent thinks his or her
child is the only one in the world, he
says. "And they stick around for
getting there are others who have
come to see me-"
IT'S hard work, too, shaking hands
all day, talking every minute,
chucking children under the chin, and
handing out the little book which is a
free gift of the store. Sometimes it Is
his turn to receive presents, when en-
thusiastic fathers proffer a cigar or
children eager to please offer him a
bite Of their chocolate or hold out q
bag Of peanuts.
Actor Since He Was 2. :,
Regan says he looks forward to Mo-
vember 25, when his job as Santa
Claus begins, though he takes what
stage work there is to be had the rest
of the year. He has been an actor since
he was 2 years old. Once he had his
own stock company, he says.
On December Is, when he takes on
his whiskers and calls it q year, he
goes home to his wife for his own
holiday.
christmas Is quite . day with u"
he says.
kThe Regans have no children.
Evening star., 1935-12-15

Minnesota towns. 1t would be sorted
out there and sent downstairs to the
Minneapolis post office, where it would
be resorted to the various branch post
Offices, and there to the parcel post
delivery trucks. Mailed at the same
time as the card, it would be delivered
one or perhaps two days later.
Evening star., 1935-12-15

it is sorted according to States. 1t is
then dispatched in storage cars to the
terminal serving that territory. A
package from Washington to Mime
apolis would not be worked on the
train out of Chicago, but would go in
storage to the Minneapolis terminal
along with packages bound for other
Evening star., 1935-12-15

Contrary to general belief the ham
ding Of mail is slowed down very lit
tie, If at all. It is an unvarying rule
that all mail entering post Office or
mail car must be cleared before that
day or that trip is finished. and this
rule is adhered to during the rush.
All of the mail might not make the
first train but it would catch the next.
Nearly 100000 employees take care Of
the mail during normal times, but this
force is augmented by 10000 extra
employees. who average five days work
during the holiday rush. This army,
working at $1,000 post Offices and on
$50 railway post Office routes, enables
Santa Claus to reach 130.000.000 ex-
pectant persons on time each year.
Evening star., 1935-12-15
By II. p. b.

~ UDGET-MAKING time has ar
- rived and for the average
householder it is a time OF
49, nightmare. as he seeks to
make his fixed charges work out ac-
cording to an arbitrary set of per-
centages contained in prepared budget
books.
Where most of the difficulty is met
is in the percentage which should be
allotted for rent or shelter. as the
budgets often describe it. A person
renting a house or buying one on
the installment plan may find that
his payments, in this locality at any
rate, are out of proportion, and it
becomes a considerable task to make
the rest of the income match the
percentages usually assigned
. However, budget-making is not a
difhcult matter. A scent note book,
a little scrap paper for figuring and
the work Is easily brought to a con-
clusion.
A plan was outlined to the writer
years ago by small town banker.
TO START with, the average person
knows in advance what the in
come Is to be. That is a definite
figure, within which the expenditures
must be kept.
A double page in the note book
serves to start the budget. 1t should
be ruled horizontally, in such man.
ner as to permit space for each budget
classification, the II months Of the
year, and the totals at the bottom.
The number of vertical columns de-
pends upon the number Of fixed
charges to be made. In the first
column, of course, goes the income.
The amount paid, either in rent or
on home-purchaSe account, is fixed
monthly, and that figure can be set
down. Other fixed charges which
can be determined easily are insurance
payments, taxes, gifts to church and
charity, average telephone bill, gas,
electricity, fuel oil, coal or heating
gas, automobile tags and tax and
other such items.
With the fixed charges determined,
the years total for each should be
Evening star., 1935-12-15
Bv John L. COOntx.

Ut IS the dark just before dawn on
Christmas morn. Little Johnny
and sister Sue steal softly out of
L their beds and slip gently dCwn
the stairway, their breaths bated. their
eyes sharper than kittens. Peeping
around the corner of the living room
they behold the miracle-the Christ
mas tree softly aglow against the
embers of the fireplace.
Little shadows dance all over its
sparkling dress. Little balls of fire,
blue, yellow. green. red and orange
reflect in its green branches. And over
the whole tall fir, shining like white
mountain in the dark is a coat of sill
yer mail. The children are speechless