davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
, 1935-01-08
Cent. Esst.

PACIFIC EOAST-kEO XII XIV komo
shq kfsd ktar kgu kp6
Cent. East.
$50 5:3o-Rooster Gazette, Serial
a:45- 5:45-Rhymes OF the Nursery
500 6:oo-xavier Cusat's Orchestra
sis 6:t5-Weekly Hym2al Singing
$50 6:3o-Press. Radio News Period
5:35- 6:35-Mary Small & Her Songs
SIS 6;45-5iIly Bachelors Sketch
500 7:00-The King Guard Quartet
6:15- 7:t5-HaI kemp'S Orchestra
$50 7:3o-You & Your Government
100 s:oo-Leo Reisman's Orchestra
100 a:3o-Wayne Kings Orchestra
500 9:00-Ben Bernie and the Lads
$50 e:3o-Ed Wynn and Graham
9:0o-fo:o0-LiGht Opera Shove to c
1:00-t1 :0o-Grummits & "Sen." Ford
l:f5-ff:f5-Voice OF Romance. Songs
'0:3o-1f:30-Don 6estor g. Orchestra
MISUNDERSTANDING & Orchestra
if:3o-12:3o-Anson Weeks & orches.
cBS-WA5c NETWORK
6ASIc-East: wabc wade woke wcao
waab wnac wgr wkbw wkrc Wink cklw
wdrc wcau Was wean wfbl wspd wjsv
wmas Wins: Midwest: wbbm wfbm
kmbc knox wowo whas
EAST-wpg whip wlbw whec wlbz wfea
wore wicc cfrb ckac wibx
Di<lE-wgst VISTA wbrc wqam wdod
klra wrec wlac wdsu wtoc krld wrr
ktrh ktsa waco koma wdbo wbt wdae
wbig wdbJ VIVA wmbg wsjS wmbr
wala ktul kgko wcoa wdnx wnox kwkh
MiDWEST-wcah wgi wmt wmbd wish
wibw kfh kfab wkbn wcco wsbt kscj
wnax voc
MouNTAIN-kvor klz koh ksl
COAST - XIII koin kfrc kol kfpy xvi
kfbk kmJ kwg kern kdb kgmb kgb
Cent. East.
$50 5:3o-Jack Armstrong - east
only: Milton Charles. Oraan-west
t:45- 5:45-Patti Chaplin e. Her Songs
500 600 - Buck Rogers, Sketch
east; Pianist-west: Sonus-Dixie
S:t5- 6:15-6obby Benson east:
Three o~ctaves-Dixie: Sis MirandY
west: Skippy-repeat for midw
$50 $50 - Understanding Music
basic. Russell Brown-west: Jack
Armstrong, sketeh-midwest rpt
Evening star., 1935-05-07

himself he has come to know men
and how to handle them. Firm, but
courteous, he knows the military game
from the ground up. and the enlisted
men know that they cannot put any
thing over" on Col. Vogel.
He graduated from the Marine
Corps Schools and took a post
graduate course in law. Now on duty
In the adjutant and inspectors de-
partment at Marine Corps headquar-
tiers, as Gen. Porter,s right-hand man,
Col. Vogel is taking a leading part in
maintaining discipline in an organi-
zation that is renowned for its esprit
de corps. The Marine Corps has many
officers who are former enlisted men,
both from its own organization and
the Army and Navy, but Col. Vogel is
believed to be the first. in recent years
at least, to be chosen for the imp0r-
tant post Of brigadier general.
Evening star., 1935-05-07
JAMESTOWN ISLAND
FINDS TO BE TOLD
illustrated Lecture for Arts Club
to Show Progress of Archie
illogical Work.

B. Floyd Flickinger, superintendent
Of the Colonial National Monument
at Yorktown, Va, will deliver an
illustrated lecture this evening be-
fore the Arts Club of Washington,
explaining the archaeological work on
jamestown Island, Va. and the
restoration of the Revolutionary War
battlefields at Yorktown, Va.
Verne Chatelaine, chief historian
Of the National Park Service, will in
troduce Mr.. Flickinger The salvage
of old British warships from the
York River will be emphasized by the
park superintendent. Valuable his
torical objects from these ancient
craft are being placed in the mu-
scum at Yorktown.
The old-style guns and defensive
wooden fOrtifications are being repro
duced by the Federal Government at
the eXcavated and restored sites on
the battlefield.
Scholars sre particularly interested
In the pottery, metal and other OBJ
jects. rejecting the life of the first
century of English colonization in
Evening star., 1935-05-07
BOARD THREATENS
STRIKING PUPILS
"Drastic Disciplinary Action
Promised 1 900 Who Protested
Dismissal of Teachers.
b. the Associated Press.

Ev the Associated Press.
sTRUTHERS. Ohio. May THE
Board of Education, in meeting last
night. promised drastic disciplinary
action" if the 1000 high school pupils
who walked out at noon yesterday in
protest of the dismissal Of four teach
ers do not return to their classes i'm
mediately.
All five of the board members voted
to uphold Supt. H. E. Zuber in his
efforts ito punish teachers for lack
of cooperation"
w. A. Strain, president of the
Struthers Chapter of the Ohio Teach
ers Federation. an A. F. of l.. affiliate,
said he would investigate whether the
dismissals had any connection with
the teachers membership in the fed
Grafton. Supt. Zuber said it did not.
Evening star., 1935-05-07
From Private to General
Col. Clayton B. Vogel Wins Promotion
After Years With Marines.

IRON enlisted man in the Army
to general in the Marine Corps
Is the career in brief Of Col.
i Clayton B. Vogel.
The Marines recently decided
that Col. Vogel, who made an out
standing name for himself In recent
years in Haiti. should be placed on the
list for promotion to brigadier general.
He is slated to succeed Brig. Gen.
David D. Porter, the adjutant and
inspector of the famous fighting outfit,
who is a scion of an old Navy family.
Gen. Porter's grandfather was the
noted Admiral David D. Porter. while
his great-grandfather was Commodore
David Porter.
Col Vogel. who's Washington resi-
dence is at 37l4 IngOmar street. played
a prominent part in the recent evac-
uation of the Marines from Haiti.
In that West Indian republic he
was commanding officer of the Garde
d'Haiti, the native constasulary. I'm
der his tutelage the erstwhile ragged
natives were transformed into an
efficient military unit and war
college was nurtured until Haiti had
a combined army and police force
that was a credit to the Marine Corps
that fathered it.
The prospective new general Of the
Marine Corps was born in Philadel-
phia. Pa, on September IS, 1882. He
was an enlisted man in the U. S.
Army from April. 1902. until dis
charged at Fort Myer, Va, as a cor
poral in the Signal Corps on March
Is, 1904. Four months later Col. VOgel
came into the Marine Corps as a
second lieutenant. Since then he has
had an illustrious career in various
parts of the world.
Peking, China. Panama, the Philip
pine Islands, Cuba, Haiti and Mica
ragua have known this chunky. red
faced man. who is deemed one of the
best soldiers in an outfit that has dis
tinguished itself for its military re-
nown. He has served aboard the U.
S. S. Pompey, Dixie, Nebraska, Illinois
and in 1923 was feet marine officer
of the Scouting Fleet.
The campaigns over the world in
which he has participated are re-
f1ected in the multi-colored ribbons he
wears on his uniform-the Mexican
campaign, expeditionary ribbons. the
Victory Medal. the second Nicaraguan
campaign and the Medal of Merit. the
last bestowed by the Nicaraguan gov
| ernment.
Col. Vogel's tact and diplomacy
have won for him high regard in his
Evening star., 1935-05-07
WHITE HOUSE FORCE
INCREASE is VOTED
Representatives Approve 55 Po-
lice Guards for Executive
Mansion.

A bill increasing the size OF the
White House police force from " TO
SIS privates was passed yesterday by
the House.
During debate on the measure. Rep
resentative Wolcott, Republican. OF
Michigan severely condemned trail
fic conditions in Washington He
pointed out that the White House
had borrowed seven members of the
Metropolitan police force and he was
in favor of returning them to the
Washington department so that trail
fic could be better regulated.
Traffic in the District of Column
bia." he declared, lis the worst regu-
lated than any city in which have
ever driven"
The bill was proposed by Secre-
tary of Treasury Morgenthau, who
explained that the existing force of
a. privates is inadequate to provide
the necessary protection for the
White House and new and enlarged
executive offices. Morgenthau said it
was imperative that additional posts
be established"
Evening star., 1935-05-07
6,675 SEEK Jobs
IN WORKS AGENCY
Applicants Jam F Street
Store-Every State Is
Represented.
~ the Associated Press.

ey the Associated Press.
Lured by the hope of job some
where in the top organizations that
will run the $4,000.000,000 works
procram, 6,675 persons had filled out
a blue personal history statement
today.
Most of the applicants were white
collar" workers. They jammed an
F. street storeroom rented for the pur-
nose of receiving applications after
a horde of job hunters paralyzed ac-
tivity in offices of the National Emer-
gency Council
Keep 25 Busy.
More than 25 clerks, intervieWers
and stenographers are busy all DAY
with the applicants. About one-tnlro
of the Job hunters have a letter from
a member of Congress or the Demo-
cratic chairman back home
Applications accompanied by a let
Ter from a Senator or Representa-
tive are segregated. These applicants
also oct an interview in addition 10
filling out the form-if it is de-
manded.
A check today on the first 5000 ap.
plications received revealed each OF
the 48 States is represented, whlle
two hopefuls listed Alaska as home
and one Puerto Rico.
Demand Quick Action.
l.o y,a
Most of them explain they nave
to have a job right away" an inter-
viewer said. They say they have
taken temporary quarters in some ho-
tel. Every few minutes some Repre-
sentative calls about the girl from
his home town.
First classification of the job seek
ers reveals half a hundred protes-
sions. There are doctors, lawyers
accountants. nurses and half dozen
kinds of engineers.
Evening star., 1935-05-07

America, secured in the excavations
at jamestown Island. Nathaniel
Bacon burned the town in 1875, his
torians recall, and 1t was never en-
tirely rebuilt. and an accidental fire
In the 1905 brought about the re-
moval Of the capital of the Old Do
minion to Williamsburg, Va, which is
being restored to its pre-Revolutionary
greatness.
Evening star., 1935-05-07

obtained $4,000 in less than q year
for worthless insurance policies.
The three pleaded guilty to using
the mails to defraud James w.
Perryman, president, was fined 81 900
and sentenced to seven years in the
Chillicothe Federal Reformatory.
Harvey j. Lander, nominal secretary,
Evening star., 1935-05-07

drew three-year sentence, and Alex
ander T. Horton. jr., Of Houston. Tex.
q two-year term.
The company issued Memberships
promising to pay UP to $1,000 for
death benefits, and q minimum Of
$40 a month in sick benefits. Mem.
bers paid an original IS fee,
Evening star., 1935-05-07
FAKE POLICY SELLERS
GET TERMS IN PRISON

By the Associated Press.
INDIANAPOLIS, May 7.-Federal
Judge Eobert c. Baltzell imposed pris-
on sentences yesterday on three ON
GERS OF the defunct State Protective
Corp. after he heard charges the firm
Evening star., 1935-05-07
GUILD HEAD CHOSEN
Mrs. Walter T. Weaver and 9th.
ers Elected at Mclean, Va.

MCLEAN, Va, May 7 (SpeciaD
Mrs. Walter T. Weaver has been re-
elected president of the Guild of st
Johns Episcopal Church. Other OFF,
GERS elected include Mrs. Bruno Wit
tig, vice president; Mrs. Henry Mac
kali, treasurer; Mrs J. D. K. Smott
recording secretary, and Mrs. Ruby
Thompson Healy, corresponding secre.
tary. Plans for a benefit rummage
sale during the latter part Of the
month. and a card party in the parish
hall in June, are being arranged by
the guild,
Montgomery County sentinel., 1935-08-15
First Loan For
Farm Property
Purchase Made
Large Number Of Applications
In Second Farm Credit
District

The first loan in the Second Farm
Credit Administration District made
under provisions of the Farm Credit
Act of 1885 which authorizes the
Land Bank Commissioner to loan
money for the purchase of farm
property was completed Saturday.
Raymond Webster, a 24-year-old
farmer of Secretary, Nd, has been
granted a loan of $4,000, to COM
plete the purchase OF 9O-acre truck
farm at East New Market, in Dor
chester County on Maryland's East
ern Shore.
After the appraisal and necessary
details, two loans were granted, one
for $4,000 through the association at
4 per cent and the other for 81 900
from the Land Bank Commissioners
funds at 5 per cent. The balance of
5000 is being carried by the father.
No principal payments are due for
3 years.
A large number of applications
for similar loans are being made at
Offices of National Farm Loan As
sociations in this district, including
Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland,
Virginia and West Virginia. County
Agents and offices of Emergency
Crop and Feed Loans have reported
numerous instances of tenant farm
ers applying for information relative
to farm purchases.
The increased interest in farm
buying began with the passage of
the Farm Credit Act Of 1885, which
made possible the granting of loans
by the Land Bank Commissioner for
the purchase Of farms by farmers,
Montgomery County sentinel., 1935-08-15
WHEN THE SUPREME COURT
MOVES

Soon the Supreme Court of the
United States will move from under
the dome of the Capitol into its mag
nifcent new home, marble temple.
patterned after the ancient Greek, a
fitting shrine for august traditions.
The court will move at a time when
the eyes Of the Nation are riveted
upon it. For there are movements
afoot, theories abroad in the land
that run far ahead of the day. The
story of the Supreme Court, what it
has accomplished, and what it faces,
and the story of the palatial new
quarters in which history-making de-
cisions are soon to be rendered, will
be told in full-page illustrated fea-
ture article in The Washington Star
next Sunday, August 18.
Montgomery County sentinel., 1935-08-15
Extra Prizes For
4-H Meat Animal
Winners At Shows
County Members Eligible To
Compete For County, State
And National HOnors

County All Club boys and girls
in meat animal projects are again
eligible to compete for the splendid
county, state, sectional and national
awards given in the sixth annual
meat animal contest sponsored by
Thomas e. Wilson, Chicago meat
packer and chairman of the National
Committee on Boys and Girls Club
Work.
These prizes supplement handsome
ly those offered in the years live
stock exhibitions for All animals and
are an extra incentive to club mem
bers to complete their projects in the
best possible manner.
County winners, who are to be
chosen by extension agents, receive
a beautiful embossed gold medal,
while state champions win a 17-jewel
gold watch on which their name is
engraved. Four sectional winners
each receive trip with all expenses
to the forthcoming National Club
Congress to be held in connection
with the International Live Stock
Exposition the first week in Decem-
Der. Three cash college scholarships
of $500, 5000 and 500 go to ma
tional winners. Contestants are re-
quired to fill out forms available
from the county agent.
Three $500 cash scholarships also
are provided by Mr.. Wilson for
livestock club members showing in
the Al International Show in con-
nection with their meat animal prof.
ects. Scholarship awards are an
announced after the Show.
Scholarship and sectional winners
last year were Max Skinner, La
Ind.,; Dwight H. Skaggs,
Lewisburg, w. Va; Chris Starr,
Anity, Ore; James L. Westfahl,
Homestead, Okla; Max H. Gerard,
Minneapolis, Mimi; Donald L. Rim
ner, Noble, Iowa; and Thos. K. Par
kinson, Francesville, Ind.
Montgomery County sentinel., 1935-08-15

tenant-farmers and prospective farm
ers. Under provisions of the rou.
law Commissioners loans NAV nom
be made for the purchase of land fou
agricultural uses; for the purcb.,o
of equipment, fertilizer, and Iivestoc,
necessary for the proper operation
of the farm; to provide buildino,
and for the improvement of land n
refnance any Indebtedness secured b,,
a lien on any part of the farm pron
erty owned by the applicant evar
though he is not personally liable
for the Indebtedness; and to provido
the owner of Land with funds 70,
general agricultural uses.
Loans of this type may be mada
to extend over a period Of from 10.
to "a years. They are made on tha.
basis of rs per cent of the appraised
normal value of the land and i'm.
provements and bear interest at the
rate of 5 per cent. No principal
is required for the first
three years of the loan.
Montgomery County sentinel., 1935-08-15

Arabs and Berber tribesmen in re-
mote parts of northern Africa re-
mind me of actions fought by mar
ines under somewhat similar circum-
stances.
"Of course the comparison ends
there, as their terms of enlistment,
pay and personnel are in no way
similar to ours. In addition, they
have no sea duties. Perhaps the
most marked difference lies in the
fact that citizens of many nations
comprise their forces, while all Of
our men are American citizens.
MANY persons forget that when
ohe Worcld War was over the mar
ines did not lay aside their rifles for
an indefinite period. In subsequent
years they have had some lively
clashes with bandits in. Nicaragua,
and often have lived under warlike
conditions in China, even though they
have had no armed conflicts with
troops in that country.
Montgomery County sentinel., 1935-08-15
Marines Often
Compared To French
LegiOnnaires
Battles At Isolated OutpOsts
Mark Forces In Campaigns
Abroad

Comparison of the U. s. Marines
with the romantic Foreign Legion
of France, perhaps the worlds most
glamorous body of fighting men, has
often been made, according to Cap
tain John P. McCann, of the Marine
Corps. Captain McCann believes
chat when it comes to fighting
against odds in some isolated outpost
the comparison is not overdrawn.
Several years Of service have made
Captain McCann well qualified to
point out the adventurous life of
Uncle Sans soldiers of the sea to
young men who make inquiries about
the Marine Corps at the Post Office
Building, Calvert and Fayette Sts.,
Baltimore, Md.
eve are proud to be compared
with that foreign fighting force" /"
says Captain Mccain, (which has
added some of the most brilliant
chapters to the military history Of
France. The Legion's clashes with
Montgomery County sentinel., 1935-08-15
Maryland All Club Week
Closes At College Park;
$50 Members In Attendance

Approximately $50 Maryland All
Club members attended their annual
All Club week at the. University of
Maryland. The opening session was
held on Friday, August 8. Sessions
closed Monday of this week. Mont
gomery County took first place in
number Of registrations with total
of so members. Prince Georges Coun-
ty was second with total of 40.
The group was divided into two
Nations" and Beatrice Cissel of How
ard County was selected to head the
Algonquin Nation. Lee Howes of
Montgomery County was chosen to
head the Iroquois Nation.
Montgomery County sentinel., 1935-08-15
Knockouts

The term knockout is generally un-
derstood to imply that the fighter has
been knocked out" and is unconscious
or unable to get up. Sometimes a
fighter gets into such condition from
repeated blows that he is practically
unconscious while still on his feet.
When this occurs 1t is very easy to
render him entirely unconscious In
these circumstances a fighter Is so lit
tie able to defend himself that a blow
would perhaps cause severe injury
When such condition comes about
the fight is generally ended by the
referee or the Judge, or both, declar-
ing a technical knockout.
Montgomery County sentinel., 1935-08-15

LEGISLATURE
STATE SENATOR
Stedman Prescott -. Rockville
Montgomery County sentinel., 1935-08-15

A drouth is commonly conceived to
be protracted period of deficient
rainfall, but this conception Is rather
misleading, because. the harmful ef-
fects that make the event of practical
Importance are really due to a scare
ity OF water in the soil, and the rela-
tlon between rainfall and soil mois-
ture is far from constant. The soil
is moistened by rain and snow, and 1t
Is dried by drainage and evaporation.
The latter process includes evapora-
tion directly from the soil to the air
and evaporation through plants, the
latter process being distinguished as
Transportation"
Montgomery County sentinel., 1935-08-15
LuHa I. a Gourd

A luffa is gourd commonly called
rag-gourd, dishrag gourd, and vegetable
sponge. The young fruit is cooked like
squash and eaten in soups or stews
Sometimes 1t Is sliced and dried. In
this country, luffas are grown mostly
for curios and ornaments. The fibrous
interior of the dried fruit, when
bleached and prepared, Is used as
sponge for the bath and for scrubbing
Montgomery County sentinel., 1935-08-15
BOARD OF EDUCATION
President

Thomas c. Darby, Dawsonville
Mrs. Daniel C. Walser, Chevy Chase
Julius p. Stadler. :. Silver Spring
Mrs. Julian B. Waters, Germantown
George w. Davis. .Eilver Spring
DR.. Il. p. KOhmer. i. . .BstAesdA
Montgomery County sentinel., 1935-08-15

COUNTY SURVEYOR
Charles J. Maddox (old courthouse)
Montgomery County sentinel., 1935-08-15
HEALTH OFFICER

SUPERVISOR Of COUNTY AID
p. Ray SOuder, ...... Damascus
Montgomery County sentinel., 1935-08-15
MEMBERs or THE HOUSE

OF DELEGATES
Montgomery County sentinel., 1935-08-15
MONTGOMERY COUNTY
PUBLIC OFFICIAL DIRECTORY

COUNTY COMMISSIONERS
Frank H. Karn, President Rockville
Charles E. King. 80. Clarksburg
Paul M. Coughlan, Silver Spring
Richard L. Lansdale, Sandy Spring
Robert D. Hagner -. Bethesda
Clerk
Ira c. Whitacre Woodside
Deputy Clerk
James G. Christopher ). Bethesda
Counsel
Edward Peter.
The Board of County Commits
sioners will be in session on each
Tuesday from 1 P. M. to 2:30 P.
M, and on each Thursday from
2:30 P. M. to $3.50 P. M, in their
Office in the new Court House.
These sessions are for the purpose
of holding public hearings.
The Commissioners will be in
session on each Tuesday from 10
A. M. TO l P. M. for the purpose
of examining accounts and tran
sacting other routine business.
Montgomery County sentinel., 1935-08-15
Music They Can't Hear

Deaf and dumb people can dance in
time to music by watching the steps
of other couples whose hearing is
normal.
Montgomery County sentinel., 1935-08-15
CIRCUIT COURT
Chief Judge

SAAACA SA06O
Hammond Urner 80. Frederick.
Associate Judge
Charles W. Woodward Poolesville
Associate Judge
Arthur D. Willard . =. !. Frederick
Clerk
Clayton X. Watkins.
Terms of Circuit Court-Third
Monday of January, non-jury term;
third Monday Of March, grand and
petit jury term; first Monday Of
June, non-jury term; second Mon
day of November grand and petit
jury terms.
ORPHANS COURT
Chief Judge
Washington Waters.
Associate Judges
Lewis F. Hobbs, Thomas C. Kelley.
Register
Hanson G. Cashell 49,. Redland
Terms of Orphans Court-Regu-
lar Terms, second Tuesday of Feb
ruary, April, June, August, October
and December. Court is in session
every Tuesday and Wednesday.
POLICE COURT
Justice
Harold C. Smith Rockville
Clerk
Harry M. Williams =. Poolesville
Chief of Police
]. VIM. Garrett, Telephone Rock
vile 1876
Sub-Station
Bethesda, Telephone Bradley 500.
Sub-StatiOn
Silver Spring, Telephone Silver
Spring 500.
JUVENILE COURT
Sits every Saturday morning at
the Court House, Judge Thomas NJ.
Anderson, Rockville.
STATES ATTORNEY
James H. Pugh. 80. Rockville
SHERIFF
G. Eddington Bell. ..... Potomac
COUNTY TREASURER
J. Forest Walker
Assistant Treasurer,
John r. Lewis.
SUPERVISOR OF
EASEMENTS
William Aud ....... (courthouse)
COUNTY SURVEYOR
Charles J. Maddox (old courthouse)
HEALTH OFFICER
Dr.. v. L. Elllcott. I. :. (courthcuse)
SUPERVISOR Of COUNTY AID
-
The Waterbury Democrat., 1935-10-23
HOPEVILLE CLASS
 ASSEMBLIES OPEN
Grades } and 4 Present Entertainment Program
 Yesterday

The first assembly of the fall school term was held yesterday at Hcpeville school, with pupils of grades 3 and { presenting an enter- tainment program. Following is the complete program:
 "A Table of Time" room G. George Bentley, Marie Buckley, How- ard Mcintyre, Lois Dingwell, James Clark. Angeline D'Abraino. Thomas sevigney.
 "A Railroad Journey" room G. Walter Ahrens, Jeanne Kinney, James Pickett, Betty Molleur, George Patrick, Barbara Meehan, Clifford Major, Lois Baker, Richard Mayer, Jean Horan, Thomas Fruin, Lillian Asselin, Mary Lou Pagan.
 Recitation-"America." room 6.
 Play-The Truthful Mirror" ;" room 6-by the entire class.
 Poefn--"Jack- Lantern" annex 1 -by Margaret Gaudiose.
 S0ng-"When I Grow Up," annex l--Helen Corcoran. Margaret Gau. diose, Eugenia Ianneruberta, Robert Loomis. Emmett Nichols. Alexander Denorfla.
 Harnonica selection-annex 1--by Herbert Taller.
 Poem-"If I Were a Jack -I.an- tern"--annex 1--by Virginia Roger,
 Dance--annex 1--by Mary Hart.