Evening star., 1935-01-20
BY SARAH BOWERMAN

vertical versus horizontal unions, COL
lective bargaining, the right to strike,
the incorporation of trade unions, in
functions in labor disputes, labor's
wage theory, the shortening of work
hours, codification Of industry, Fed
eral licensing of corporations, prices
and profits, economic planning, labor
management cooperation. monetary
imitation, unemployment and other
social insurance, prison and forced Ia
Dor competition, foreign trade, inter-
national labor movements, and labor's
championship of education.
Labor's wage theory is that "if
workers are to buy the products of
their labor, wages must increase in
proportion to productivity" Labor's
theory of hours of work is that I'VE
shall have to choose between employ
ing relatively small number of per-
sons in industry on the present hours
or larger number on shorter hours" +"
or N. r. A. codification, Mr.. Woll
says: THE pretenSe that there is
self-government in industry today
under the codes, as at present con-
Stltuted, is the sheerest nonsense.
There is control by management, in
cooperation with government. Ex-
cept for a very few codes which give
labor representation on code author
lt1es, labor, like the consumer, is ut
terly without effective voice. Yet
code authorities deal with minimum
and maximum standards Of wages
and hours and other labor relation
ships. Thus industry has been placed
IN favored position as against labor
IN the processes of codification." Who
are the lnflationiStS? So many
classes in our social organization de-
nounce imitation that we are led to
wonder who are left in support of it,
outside of few experimental econ
'omlstS. Mr.. Woll says that labor dis
trusts any kind of imitation, by what
ever name it is called. Imitation of
currency always has meant and in
evitably does mean a huge loss not
only for wage earners, but small
salary earners as well, because the
rise in prices and the cost Of living
brought about by imitation is always
more rapid than rise in wages and
salaries" Mr.. Woll's book is clearly
written, with definite ideas dispas-
slonately expressed, with only occa-
Slonal sarcasm or denunciation. II
constitutes text book on the gen.
eral philosophy and specific objec-
tlves OF organized labor, especially
the American Federation of Labor.
in the United States today.
SOUTH AMERICAN ADVENTURES
By Alice Curtis Desmond. New
York: The Macmillan Co.
FROM Peru inland, to Bolivia. over
the Andes, to Buenos Aires, across the
pampaS to Rio de Janeiro, the author
and her husband Travelled, frankly for
the purpose Of mild and pleasurable
adventure, to complete their roamings
over the world. 1t was a dillettante
Journey, but Mrs. Desmond became SO
interested in the countries and their
people that she has brought into her
narrative much of history and legend.
archaeology and economics. She speaks
Satirically of the limited knowledge of
South America possessed by the aver
age North American. who knows that
Serpents abound in the Amazon
jungles, that cattle roam the pampas,
that the Andean condor is the largest
OF birds, that morning coffee comes
from Brazil, but is ignorant of the
wealth of natural beauty and original
art which this southern half of the
American continent has to offer. The
| wrinkled rock walls of the Andes
seemed impenetrable as the South
Peruvian Railway wound tortuously
toward and then in some way over
them. but finally Mrs Desmond found
| herself at La Raya. the highest point
| of the line, the watershed dividing the
Amazon basin and Lake Titicaca, and
felt that the experience had been
worth the longer route, though travel
by plane would have saved time and
| fatigue. Imagination could not fail
to be stirred by the knowledge that
the trail across the La Raya pass was
part of the Inca highway running
south from Cuzco.
People interested Mrs. Desmond
| people of the past fixed in their places
in history and people of the present
whom she met. The Peruvian aristo-
crat she met in Lima, with his i'm
posing dowager of wife and his two
handsome, plump daughters, had
changed little since Colonial times
Each day he composed a poem and
regularly, after siesta, occupied his
table at a fashionable cafe, slipping
his pisco and watching the crowds &C
by. An American college graduate
for 20 years an electrical engineer in
a Chile mine, had annexed kitten
faced Indian girl, Chita; he wore. a
wedding ring, but she, in spite of q
barbaric love of ornament, did not
JunoeSque, middle-aged American
woman had come to Bolivia to make
a home" for her husband, mining
engineer, but wept when she found
that they would have to bunk in
with another family. A Scotch auto
mobile salesman with a bad cold was
risking pneumonia, against his doc
| tors orders, by going up to the high
altitude~of Cuzco to deliver a car, be-
cause his wife was paralyzed and he
had three children to support and
must make his commission. Mrs. Des-
mond's sympathetic interest in the af-
fairs of others Gf it is gossip, it is OF
the harmless kind gives to her mar
rative the individual effect necessary
in book of travel to make it differ
ent from others which cover the same
ground.
x X X X
LIFE A LA HENRI. BY Henri Char
pentier and Boyden Sparkes. New
York: Simon & Schuster.
TOR many years Henri's little res
= taurant at Lynbrook, Long Island
was paradise for gourmetS who knew
how to appreciate atmosphere as well
as good food. Now Henri is lord OF
the Maison Franchise at Radio City
His memoirs are those of philoso-
pher as we'll as supreme cook. He
began his career at the age of 10, as
page in the Hotel Cap Martin, on the
Riviera and in half a year had made