davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Waterbury Democrat., 1935-02-13

Plans for a social event in the near future are expected to be made at a meeting of Lord Kitch- ener post, British War Veterans, at the American Legion home on Holmes avenue tomorrow night. The entertainment committee will be given the assignment of decid- ing on the kind of event to be held. All members are urged to at- tend. Lieutenant David H. Craig will preside.
 William Tinsley conducted a re- hearsal of the Little Symphony last night in Moose hall in preparation for the second annual concert of the orchestra to be given in Buck ingham hall on February IA. C1ar- ence Loveridge is chairman of the committee on arrangements, assist ed by Joseph Schafer, Dr H. W. Stevens, George Rempfer and Les ter Wheeler.
 Election of officers of the Park Road A. c. will be held Friday night at the Park Road school. The meeting will begin at 8 o'clock. Members of the club include AL bert Perriello, Charles Evenson, Alfred Ricciardi, James Overton, Michael Pierro, William Joy, Fred erick Lashe, Edward Kirley and John Johnson.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1935-02-13

WaGerbury's "HOlIywOOd" Is is a Mecca of poverty, filth and animaI.like existence for homeless humans. It is Q port of ''frlendless'' men, of deFc- Ilcts, forgotten mcn". "HOlly- wood" Is the old Golf Lots, where men battle for susten- ance by playing the role of, scavengers. A Democrat reporter describes his experi- ence on a recent visit.
 Less than a miles from the center of the city stands a rude collection of huts and shacks, sprawled about over several hundred square yards of mud flats, which at this time of the year are covered with ice and snow; some shell ter from the wind is afforded by the huge ash pile of and adjoining dump, but there are wide sweeps up which the wind whistles; everywhere are piles of rubbish cinders, abandoned cars, bottles and hundreds of thousands of tin cans; the shacks themselves are roughly put together, par tial protection from the win ter cold being given by old pieces of metal and blocks of wood which are piled against the sides and even on the roofs of the huts.
 Squatters' Colony
 Such is the first view of the Golf Lots squatters' colony, which one or two, with a sar- donically grim sense of humor, have christened Hollywood-by- the-Naugatuck. There, the year round, live 50 men, struggling to eke out even an existence, all of them crowding into some 15 shacks; making a few cents now and then by finding and selling some scrap copper in the dump, getting most of their tobacco, some of them, in the gutters of the city's cen- tral streets. There, just few minutes drive from Exchange place, are squalor and filth and misery almost unbeliev- able. There exist conditions that would prove a shock even to matter-of-fact social work CTS, conditions that even your reporter would not have be- lieved possible in this so-called civilization of ours had he not seen and studied them for him. self during the past week.
 Poisoned Cocktail
 There are a few empty shacks at Hollywood this week, one of them that will never be occupied again by its for mer tenant. Last week, four of the squatters sat down togeth- CT to drink homemade con- coction of grain alcohol, wa- ter and charcoal, a beverage that has been a favorite there in more or less the same form for many months. Two days later, one of the four was dead, and the other three were at Waterbury hospital where doc tors battled to save their sight.
 That was just another inoi- dent to the rest of the squat ters, and they shook their heads indifferently as they talked about it. They have grown used, these men, to hav- ing sickness, death and vio- lence with them many days in the year. What is death, or blindness, their shoulder shrugs seem to ask, when all year long each of them must fight against gnawing hunger sometimes real starvation.
 Recent Battle
 To newspapermen, the wood alcohol incident was just an-
The Waterbury Democrat., 1935-02-13
Club Activities

Officers of the Ladies' Auxiliary of the Ancient Order of Hibernians were installed last night at Hi bernian hall, with Mrs Mary Hail. gan of New Haven, county presi- dent, conducting the ceremonies. Mrs Haligan was assisted by Mrs Mary Shanley of New Haven and Mrs Elizabeth Savage of this city. Officers installed include: President, Mrs Sara A. Lynch; vice-president, Mrs Hannah Sullivan; recording secretary, Mrs E. B. Peters; finan- cial secretary, Miss Inez Kelly; treasurer, Mrs Margaret Tenny; standing committee, Miss Ellen Ryan; Irish history, Miss Nellie Mccarthy; mistress at arms, Miss Catherine Etensin; seminal, Miss Anna Hoey; guardian of degree team, Mrs B. Rafferty.
 Angelia Santoro is in charge of arrangements for the organization of the auxiliary lodge of the Sicil- ian society, which will be com- pleted at a meeting in Liberty hall Sunday afternoon at o'clock.
 Arrangements have been com pleted for a card party to be spon- sored by Santa Maria circle, Daugh- ters of Isabella in Hibernian hall February 20. Bea Shea is chairman of the committee in charge.
 The central district of the Con- necticut Optometric society was held last evening at the Hotel El- ton. The members discussed as the chief topic, "Bifocal Glasses to Re- tard the Progress of Near-Sighted- ness" Dr Leon Phaneuf read a pa- per on "Presbyopia." Dr Edward F. Hyland was chairman of the meet inp
The Waterbury Democrat., 1935-02-13
COURT DISCHARGES
 LOUIS CALABRESE
No duplicating Evidence in Counterfeit Bill
 Passing

Louis Calabrese, 33, of 1OS0 North Main street, held by police since Friday, went free today when he was granted a discharge by Judge John F. McGrath in city court on a charge of passing coun- terfeit money. The court accepted Calabrese's story that he found the bogus bill on South Main street and did not know that it was counterfeit.
 The North Main street man was arrested Friday night after a wo- man had passed the fake bill in a store and it was discovered to be counterfeit.
 Edward Mehmel, 20, of South ington, received nolle on a breach of the peace charge.
 Continuance till the 26th was given Frank Vaccarelli, 23, of Union City, who was arrested on charges of violating the rules of the road.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1935-02-13
Local Hollywood"
 Mecca Of Misery
Human DereIicts, SCavengers, aBtte for Sustenance
 in Squalid Sector of "OId Golf LOts''

other of the regular stories that the Golf Lots provides. Only q while ago, three of them were in the hospital af- ter a wild battle, one of them with part of his finger bitten off. Many times a year that happens. Regularly in city court, there shuffle in one or more of the squatters, some- times still "foggy" from drink ing the lethal smoke" some- times having been arrested on purpose in hopes of being sent to the comparative warmth and comfort of Brook side or the county jail.
 To police, too, Hollywood is an old story. Almost rou- tine have grown the trips there to pick up some victim after fight; of regular oc- currence have grown the ar- rests of the squatters about the city as they seek to beg money or panhandle food, or perhaps, half-crazed by smoke" they cause 8 disturb- ance. Nearly all the inhabit- ants of the colony are known at police headquarters, for they have been there often, sometimes under arrest, some times to beg a jail cell for the night.
 Happiness Rides By
 Hundnreds of cars pass by Hollywood every day, for 1t is little more than a hundred yards off the much -traveled Thomaston avenue highway, but few drivers or their pas sengers realize what lies be- low the bank near the river over which they see an occa- sional wisp of smoke curling up. Few of them, riding by, can imagine, the lives being lived in the colony.
 Tin cans, all rusted and many of them crawling with vermin drawn by a scrap or two of vegetable or meat left inside the container, cover much of the colony. They are all over the bank of the dump, they are behind the huts and at the sides, forming by far the major part of the scenic background. But they are not all-there are old auto parts, crushed lenders and bumpers, bedsprings of many eras, wood scrap, metal scrap and a whole sea of bottles.
 Underfoot was snow the past week, but Hollywood is a mass of thick slimy mud most of the year; tin cans and litter have to be avoided at almost every step. And the rats - it's a bit cold for them at this time of year, so they have retreated nearer to the banks of the adjacent Nauga- tuck river, but with spring they will be out again, run- ming loose about the colony, under and inside the shacks, in the tin can and rubbish piles carrying with them germs and disease.
 Such is Hollywood, but only at a casual glance.
 (Another article in this series, with more revealing photographs, will appear in tomorrow's editions of The Democrat.)
The Waterbury Democrat., 1935-02-13
PREFERS HORSE TO WIFE

Boston, ((UP)-A man applied for an ERA job because he needed money to buy his wife and horse food. George D. Morse, secretary to the State ERA administrator told him that the horse was a luxury and he had better trade it before he came looking for work. 'If have to trade one of the two in order to get an ERA job, I'll trade my wife," he said. "I like my horse"
The Waterbury Democrat., 1935-02-13
ESCAPING STEAM
 CAUSE OF ALARM

A broken pipe in the hot water heating sytem at the home of Mr and Mrs William O. Taylor of 108 Nelson avenue at 10 o'clock this morning brought out three com- panies of firemen. Steam from the pipe flooded the cellar and seeped upstairs, leading Mrs Taylor to tell ephone an alarm.
 Bremen found that there was no blaze when they arrived and that plumber was needed instead.
 The chief railroad center of Latin America is Buenos Aires.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1935-02-13
REV VIM. DE BERRY
 AT SUNDAY FORUM

This coming Sunday Forum at central Y. M. c. A. brings Rev Will liam N. DeBerry of Springfield, Mass, before the microphone. pr De Berry Is known throughout the country as one of the outstanding leaders of the negro race. He is an orator with few equals and has travelled extensively championing the cause of his people.
 Dr DeBerry will speak Sunday on 'The Larger Freedom of the Negro"
 The Thousand Islands really numbered 1892.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1935-02-13
FIGHTING SOLON

Concord, N.H.-UP)-The New Hampshire house of representa- tives has 8 fighting member. He is Patrick (Patsy) Joseph Sweeney, of Manchester. Patsy formerly was claimant of the New England welterweight championship.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1935-02-13
NOT PINNED, DOWN

Johnston City, Tenn, (UP)- Joan, 1S-month-o old daughter of MT and Mrs Rustic Lancaster was rushed to a hospital after having presumably swallowed a pin. Fast and extensive operations were made for an immediate operation. Just then the telephone rang. We found the pin here at home," a relative told the father.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1935-02-13

SOCONY MEN PITCH IN WITH AwILL...w when your car needs clearing of snow! Your wind- shield will be clean when you drive out of the station. A small service. :. but it sh0wsa Friendly interest in your car!
The Waterbury Democrat., 1935-02-13
Friendly Service .'
 ,phenever you need U

~n,s KEEN a tough Winter for mo'O,lSss smnw. bl;zzards. .record-breaklns Sh0" falls, impossible roads, chin,
 p,,t at least it has proved one ;a ."1 ..o1
 Iis that ts socony Friendly Service ,1;+h T; 0a a . .h. ;ob" se5 days year ;:. ;:. WILL hsIp;ng I hand when you need It.
 ct.n inside and warm up. Let ' the en of ,.rt %I socony service-man take cSle Cbeck % p t'ourcar He'lllook atyour chainsI1S Is wour yo,r tires, test the anti-ireezes; ,s. s1 n tSat. sear sears are stiff he can quickly ia 'iI', o of
 You'll get good gasoline .n ana ;rstsut o,t, mt oonrse. socony Mobilgas TOT ' and stsrt;np and smooth power .: nro- stal, Saah;ia;, Arctic for perfect engne, , pio tsct;on. hsIi Stop at the Sign Of the the f''"s Red Horse. There's one nearby STANDARD OIL OF NEW YORK K. INC n,.,,.ssn s.Ae of socoNY.vAcuuM OIL Co., 'So'
The Waterbury Democrat., 1935-02-13

South Africa's summer, which is just passing, was the wettest ever known, and resulted in great flood damage to crops, railways and roads.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1935-06-02
Of Personal Interest
Miss Fest Visits Capital Country Club
Dance-Other Notes. I'LL. !.

sister, Mrs. Sarah Levy OF Wardmka
Park Hotel. Is now visiting her son
and daughter.in-law, MI. and Mrs.
Milford Levy In Baltimore.
A card party and fashion show Tor
the benefit Of under privileged chill
dren to be sent to nearby camps will
be held at the Willard Hotel on Tues
day night at 8 o'clock. Mrs. Harry
Walsky is sponsoring the affair, as
sisted by Mrs. Charles A. Goldsmith.
Bridge and bingo viii be played.
Mrs. Joseph Millenson, Mrs. Louis
Krupsaw, Mrs. Martin Mendelsohn.
Mrs. Morris Gewirz, Mrs. Sherry Stein,
Mrs. Abel Saks, Mrs. Samuel Ruben
stein, Mrs. ]. z. Levenson, Mrs. Jack
Kotz, Mrs. Joseph Freedman, Mrs.
Max Shapiro. Mrs. Charles Pilzer, Mrs.
William Levy and Mrs. Nathan Wal
lack are assisting.
= Mrs. Isadore Kahn has returned to
her home on 18TH street from . two
weeks visit with her son-in-law and
daughter. Mr.. and Mrs. Irving Stanley
Posner. in Boston.
Miss Charlotte Kahn, who Il attend
ing the University Of Michigan, win
return home later In the month.
The Alumni Chapter Of the Alpha
Epsilon Phi Sorority will meet ut the
home Of Mrs. Samuel M. Becker, 3547
Sixteenth street, tomorrow evening at
8 O'Clock.
Flora Ann Fischer. daughter of Mr.
and Mrs. Norman Fischer, entertained
the Teens Club of II young girls and
their escorts ut q party last night al
her home in Cathedral Mansions 70
celebrate her 14th birthday ami
versary.
Mrs. Samuel Furman, Mr.. John
Furman, Mrs. Albert jacobson and
josephine jacobson Of Philadelphis
were guests the past week end Of
Mr.. and Mrs. Edward G. Furman
Later in June Mr.. and Mrs. Furmar
and their young son Sydney Ronald
will occupy their bungalow ut Bowie
Md.
Mrs. Joseph r. ralkin has beer
Spending the past 10 days IN Pitts.
burgh. visiting her mother, Mrs. Harry
Hollander, and her brother -in-law and
sister, Mr.. and Mrs. White.
Mr.. and Mrs. Mark Keller LEFT
yesterday for Atlantic City, where
they will remain until the first veel
in August. when they will san fol
London. England and the Continent
They will return to Washington Octo-
Der IS.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1935-06-02
Moores at Abingdon
Assistant Secretary of State
Delivers Address.

FAIRFAX, Va, June 1.-The As
sistant Secretary Of State, Mr.. r.
Walton Moore, and his sisters, the
Misses Moore, motored to Abingdon,
the birthplace Of Nellie Gusts. this
afternoon. where Mr.. Moore gave an
address on Abingdon and the Gusts
family.
Mrs. William 8. Gaillard of Eutaw,
8. c., Is visiting her brother-in-law
and sister, Rev. and Mrs. Herbert A.
Donovan, in the Episcopal rectory in
Fairfax. Mrs. Gaillard motored to
Fairfax with Mrs. Charles Robertson,
who has gone on to New York.
Mr.. Dan Cooper Of New York Is
in Fairfax with his parents, Mr.. and
Mrs. Samuel r. Cooper, at their home,
Aspen Hill.
Miss Nancy McCandlish, q student
at Sweet Brier College, and Mr..
SHIELD McCandlish of the Episcopal
High School, will arrive in Fairfax
early next week to spend the Sum-
mer with their mother, Mrs. Fairfax
SHIELD McCandlish.
Miss Randolph Richardson, daugh-
ter Of Mr.. and Mrs. Frederick Dawson
Richardson, has issued invitations for
a dance Saturday, June 8, at VIII
lard Hall, in Fairfax.
Miss Anne Hooe Rust, daughter Of
State Senator and Mrs. John Warwick
Rust, will leave Monday for Fish
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1935-06-02

burne Military Academy, at Waynes-
boro, Va, to attend the final ex-
ercises and dances.
Miss Ida Hooe Jones had as her
dinner guests last evening Mr.. and
Mrs. Charles Henry Smith of Alex
andria and Mr.. and Mrs. Wallace
Robinson of Gloucester, Va.
Miss Marye Grove. daughter Of DR..
and Mrs. Burnam o. Grove Of Roa-
noke, will arrive today to spend some
time with her br0ther-in.law and
sister. Mr.. and Mrs. Walter Tensill
Oliver. jr.
Miss Frances Smith Of Fairfax Is
spending this week end with her
mother, Mrs. 3. d. Smith, In Hanover
County, Va.
Mrs. Albert Mack and her daughter,
Mrs. william Clark, sailed Thursday
aboard the 8. 8. Berengaria for South
ampton and from there will 60 to
London to visit relatives. They ex-
pect to visit In Scotland. where Mrs.
Mack lived until her family moved
to Virginia.
Miss Julia Crump Of Alexandria Is
In Fairfax this week end with Mr..
and Mrs. N. Peyton Young and their
daughter, Miss Charlotte Young.
Mrs. James M. Henderson and her
young son, James, IT,, spent last week
with Miss Florence Larocque In Bal
timore.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1935-06-02
DIONNES WILL FIGHT
TO REGAIN BABIES
Law Action for ouintuplets and
100000 Fortune May
Develop Soon.

CALENDER, Ontario. June / Up.
An action ct law to challenge the
state rule" of the Dionne quintuplets
may be the next act In the strange
drama being enacted against the back
drop Of the Callander- CoEbeil country
side.
Neither the Dionnes nor Leo Kervin,
their manager, Is ready to say what
form the court action will take or
when 1t will be filed. They are de-
termined. however. to make every ef-
fort to regain custody Of the infants.
At stake for the Dionnes Is not only
the right TO take back control Of their
five famous babies, now in their second
year, but also q fortune steadily
mounting toward 100000. This sum
has accrued to the quintuplets by the
sale Of various privileges.
It IL the contention of the parents
that the Ontario government went be-
yond its rights In legislating Itself
into guardianship Of the babies. The
attitude Of the government Is that
both the quintuplets and the parents,
as well as the other five children, are
benefiting under the guardianship to
q degree that would have been inpos-
sible had the government failed TO
act As IL did,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1935-06-02

MiY Frances Fest Of New York
and Deal, N. j., whose engagement
was recently announced to Mr.. Marx
q. Kaufman Of this city and Balti-
more, spent Q short time here last
week visiting relatives, and before re-
turning attended the Suburban Club
dance in Baltimore on Wednesday
night. She will spend this week end
ut Deal with her mother, and Mr..
Kaufman will be their guest. Miss
Marjorie Fest spent the past week ut
National Park Seminary to attend
the graduating exercises. Both she
and her sister are graduates Of the
seminary.
The Woodmont Country Club is
giving q dinner dance tonight at the
club house near Bethesda, Md. Thurs
day, Decoration day, the club gave .
Decoration day dance, preceded by
several dinner parties in the evening.
Mrs. Blanche l.. Singer Of New York
has been the guest Of her brother in
law and sister, Mr.. and Mrs. Charles
A. Goldsmith of the Westminster, for
. week, and ID returning to her home
this evening. accompanied by Mr.. and
Mrs. Harry M. Gutman. the latter
formerly Miss Elizabeth Kohner, who
are spending the day here from
White Sulphur Springs, w. Va.
Mrs. Leo 8. Schoenthal Ii return
ing tomorrow from Miami, Fla, where
she has been spending the past two
months.
The Junior Hadassah will hold their
annual donor banquet on the Shore
ham Terrace Wednesday evening,
June 5, at 2 O'Clock, and will be
joined at 10 o'clock by their escorts
for dancing.
DR.. and Mrs. George Nordlinger
are now occupying their new apart
ment In the Portsmouth. Their young
daughter, Joan. is spending the Sum-
mer with her grandparents, Mr.. and
Mrs. Leonard Hecht. in Baltimore.
Mrs. Phil May Of Charleston, w. Va,
spent the week at the Shoreham.
Mr.. and Mrs. Louis Marks returned
to their home in Reading. Pa. Thurs
day by motor. Mrs. Marks spent two
Estell Nordlinger, Of Woodley Park
Towers.
The confirmation exercises Of the
Eighth Street Temple will take place
on Friday morning. June 7. at 1890
O'Clock. The class of % boys and girls
with their parents will hold q joint
reception in the vestry rooms on Sat-
urday evening. June 8, from Q to
IL o'clock.
Mrs. Rebecca Young was hostess on
Thursday at her apartment. 1868 Co
lumbia road, at luncheon and bridge
Covers were laid for eight.
Mrs. Max Rich, Mr. and Mrs. Sam
uel Hirshfeld and Mrs. Herbert Rich
have returned from a week end motor
trip to Williamsburg. Va.
Mrs. Edwin Behrend has returned
to her home on Biltmore street after
visit to her two daughters, the
Misses Elsie and Louise Behrend, who
are studying in New York.
Mr. and Mrs. John Grand of Will
mington, Del, were the week end
guests of their son-in-law and daugh-
ter, Mr.. and Mrs. Harold Jaffee Of
Woodley Park Towers.
Miss Charlotte Revness Of New York
Is motoring here today with friends
and will be the guest of Miss Helen
Lehman for q week, going TO Annap-
oils to attend the graduation exercises
The Friday Bridge Club was enter
tanned at luncheon and cards last
week at the Beacon Inn. two Of its
members acting as hostesses.
Mrs. Henrietta Levy of Tallahassee
Fla, who was the recent guest Of her
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1935-06-02
STREET EMPLOYELOSES
JOB FOR REFUSING OATH
Tells City Clerk He Cannot Swear
Fealty to Georgia State
Constitution.
BY the Associate tad Press.

BY the Associated Press.
VALDOSTA, Ga, June IA colored
employe Of the city street department,
John Priester, lost his Job today be-
cause he refused to sign an oath to
support the constitution Of the State
Of Georgia.
The State Legislature recently passed
an act, requiring the pledge from en-
ployes Of the State and its political
subdivisions.
City Clerk John Chisholm was ad.
ministering the oath to o group Of en-
ployes today, Priester asked to see Q
copy of it. After reading 1t, he handed
1t back to the clerk and said:
Il can't sign that"
Chisholm previously had been au-
thorized to discharge al employees who
failed to comply.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1935-06-02

the wedding of Miss Cyrene Buchanan
Duncan, daughter of Mr. and Mrs.
Cameron Duncan, and Mr.. Milton
Pierpoint Warner, son of Mr.. and Mrs
Milton ]. Warner of Pine Orchard,
Conn, and Lake Wales, Fla, which
took place last Saturday afternoon in
st. Paul's Episcopal Church. Mr..
Gray will spend the. Summer with his
parents, DR.. and Mrs. Benjamin F.
Gray in their country home, Mingle-
stream, near Richmond.
Mr. and Mrs. Walter Berkeley Eshle-
man and Walter 3. Eshleman. jr.. Of
Santa Monica. Calf, are guests Of
Mrs. Esnleman's mother, Mrs. Egbert
Thompson.
Mrs. Anna Bender gave a surprise
party Monday evening to celebrate the
18th birthday anniversary Of her
daughter, Miss Virginia Bender. Mrs.
Caroline Thomas and Miss Ruth
Thomas, grandmother and aunt Of
the guest Of honor, assisted Mrs.
Bender.
Mr.. Benjamin H. Greenwood an
nounces the marriage OF his daughter
Doris. to Mr. Emmett A. Powell We'd
nesday. May l, in Washington. Rev.
John C. Ball officiating.
Mrs. I. ]. Golf of Cleveland. who has
been the guest Of Mr.. and Mrs. M. C.
Apperson. has left for Birmingham.
Ala, where she is visiting her parents
Mr.. and Mrs. Isaac Price. Miss Lee
Price Golf. who also was the guest of
Mr.. and Mrs. Apperson, has returned
to her home in New York City.
Mr.. and Mrs. c. Booker Powell have
returned from a visit to the formers
parents. Mr.. and Mrs. Harry'B. Powell
in Keysville, Va.
Mr.. A. H. Tinkle and his son. Mr.
Warren Tinkle have left for visit to
relatives in Indianapolis.
Mrs. B. r. Skinner has returned
from a visit to her sister, Mrs. Daniel
R. Kite in Culpeper.
Mrs Marvin Warner and her young
son of Tarrytown, N. Y, are guests Of
her parents, Mr.. and Mrs. r. o. Allen.
Mr.. Raymond Jones spent last week
end with his grandparents. Mr.. and
Mrs A. L. Blame, in Middleburg.
Mrs. GaiuS Allen arrived home this
week after spending six months in
Asheville. N. c.
Mr.. and Mrs. James A. Cappe Of
Cleveland, Ohio, were guests this week
of Mr. and Mrs. Elmer Dietrich.