davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1935-02-26
STARS, MEN AND ATOMS
Notebook of Science Progress in Field,
Laboratory and Study.
BY THOMAS r. HENRY.

the mud. Gradually they developed
lungs which enabled them to survive
for limited periods out of the water.
There are several species of fishes
alive today with this same equipment
and some of them. jerking along on
their fins, are able to make fairly
rapid progress over mud fats.
The crossopterygii evidently went
through the same process as these
present-day fishes. Eventually they
came to spend more and more time
out Of the water and the fins changed
slowly into feet and legs. Apparently.
from this example. it was the hind
fins which changed first, while the
front ones retained their adaptation
to life in the sea.
Thus, Mr.. Willard points out, this
animal must have been developed far
beyond the most advanced fish-for
it had legs and feet. But it must
have been far behind the most primi-
tive of amphibia, because its front
fins still were in the process of trans
formation.
Some reconstruction has been made
by geologists of the upper Devonian
landscape in Susquehanna County,
Pa, where the tracks were found.
1t was an unstable period. The
sea was Withdrawing, or had lust
withdrawn, leaving behind q low, fiat
land with many shallow pools of
brackish water. The vegetable re-
mains indicate a vast swamp.
This was the sort of world In which
paramphibus, as the strange little
creature has been named, jerked and
walked-either at the bottom of the
pools or over the mud in the air. It
had to be able to do both, accord
ing to changing conditions. From the
footprints themselves can be deduced
some of the difficulties the animal
had with which to contend. Some
times the steps are crowded close to-
gether and even overlap. This was
probably when it was walking down
hill, skidded, and had to brace itself
with its tail.
Then it had to 60 uphill, a most
difficult process. Confronted with a
difficulty for which the newly mastered
art Of walking proved insufficient, it
reverted to the ancestral rowing"
using its tail as a brace to prevent
slipping backward.
Fishes, Of course, do not have to 60
uphill and downhill. That was one
Of the real difficulties of a land en-
vironment.
\ \
There Is one creature alive today,
Mr.. Willard thinks, who may some
what resemble the paramphibus. This
is the curious axolotl, found in ponds
near Mexico City. It is identical with
the larval form of a certain Mexican
salamander. but never reaches the air
living stage. 1t has the habit of
walking along the bottom mud.
The axolotl is an amphibian which
is on its way back to becoming
fish.
The paramphibus was a fish on its
way forward toward becoming an
amphibian.
The indications are that the back
ward travelling axolotl has about
reached the same stage In its journey
where the paramphibus paused on its
long, weary road out Of the sea 250,-
00,000 years ago.
Evening star., 1935-02-26
The Exiled Playboy.

Gee, I'm broke! So exclaims
James j. Walker, far better known
as Jimmy" in London as he goes
to court to answer suit for debts
owing in New York City. Thus the
one-time playboy of Broadway and
mayor of Manhattan and its ap-
purtenant boroughs explains his pre-
dicament. 1t is not surprising. 1t
is even the logical, inevitable out
come of a career which has all the
characteristics of the fabled grass
hopper. For Jimmy was always more
of q spender than an Garner, and
the day was sure to come when he
went beyond his resources. He got
a big salary as mayor of New York
and spent more than that In his
extravagances, his generositieS and
his possibly only partly conscious
contributions to grating friends. He
is a not unusual financial phenome-
non, the easy come -easy-go taker and
distributor without any notion of
financial responsibility and without
moral qualms as to the sources and
purposes of donations and opportuni-
ties for quick-return investments"
There is something pathetic about
the plight of this blithe and personally
attractive exile. He might have made
a really big man of himself, with just
a little more serious sense of respon-
sibility, or, ON the other hand, with
more of the spirit of the buccaneer.
For after all there is a certain big
ness about the political crook who
operates on large scale At no time
in the course of Walkers troubles
that eliminated in his resignation
from the mayoralty just one jump
ahead of an custer was there any
decided public rancor against him,
even on the part of his most per
sistent enemies. They knew that he
was just the tool Of those who, as a
once familiar phrase runs, knew ex-
actly what they wanted" and used
the plant playboy for their own ad-
vantage. And now, broke in London,
earning .pittance with some soon-to-
end newspaper writing and pinning
his hopes for financial rejuvenaton
upon book that he is compiling with
the aid of a ghost writer who is to
get forty per cent Of the proceeds, he
looks longingly toward these shores
and as he dreams of a possible re-
union with his one-time pals doubt
less through his mind runs the re-
frain of his single literary success. the
song that asks, "Will you love me in
December as you did in May?"
Evening star., 1935-02-26
Relief in Europe.

It is a striking coincidence that
unemployment relief Should simulta-
neously be the paramount political
issue in the United States, Great
Britain and France. In all three coun-
tries public opinion on the subject is
in ferment, and in London and Paris,
as in Washington. the government is
preoccupied with ways and means of
graphing with the grim situation
caused by widespread industrial idle
ness. AS with us, the problems per-
turbing the British and the French
concern both direct relief by the dole
and relief through jobs.
Britain has not achieved satisfactory
results from large-scale expenditures
on public works and has reverted
almost exclusively to the dole. As this
system is maintainable only at enor-
nous cost, the government has been
considering the necessity of restricting
payments by various means, only to
arouse frenzied opposition throughout
the country. At mass meeting in
Wales on Sunday workers were urged
to consider a one-day national strike
as form of protest against plans to
regulate dole stipends according to
the earning capacity of different men,
bers of a family on relief. Controversy
over the dole synchronizes with dis
cussion Of cabinet crisis in London
Despite the governments overwhelN-
ing majority in Parliament, even its
friends admit doubt whether it COM,
mands a real majority in the nation
Labor has substantially increased its
strength at by-elections. The seeth-
ing agitation over the dole enhances
the Laborites' chances of victory in a
general election.
Unemployment in France has
reached dimensions that now call for
q relief budget of $100, ,000, 900 q year.
Half a million persons, an unpre-
cedented total, are out Of work and
dependent upon the state for sus-
tenance. The number increased
forty-four per cent in 1884. In addi-
ton to direct relief, France is carry
ing out an $500. .000,00 public works
program. Amid demands in this
country for $200-a-month old-age
pensions, and security wages" Of $50
a month, or prevailing wages" for
work on Government projects, it is
Evening star., 1935-02-26

policy on the seas Is to be when the
next war breaks out between other
countries, our naval experts can tell
us what navy we will require to carry
out that policy. Until then, neither
they nor anybody else can know what
armament we need. The time to do
that thinking is now. The chief OBJ
struction to clear thinking is fuddled
sloganeering. At least. let us stop
talking nonsense, about defense
against invasion of our territory
when the only real danger of war is
of quite another Sort
The proposed Army expansion brings
this comment from the New York
Herald Tribune: There is, perhaps,
an alternative-which is frankly to
resign all idea of fighting another
major war overseas and recast our
whole military establishment strictly
along the lines of providing only for
that element of territorial defense
for which the Navy cannot certainly
provide. But no one can expect a
general public to be so clear-headed
as that in its desires and policies;
and until it becomes so this is the
kind of bill which must be met sooner
or later if the Army is to be made
remotely capable of doing what seems
to be expected of it."
Reviewing the Army proposals for
various improvements, the San An
tonic Express holds that Congress
should approve them without delay"
The Helena (Mont) Record Herald
says: Among the nations of the
world the United States ranks first
in wealth and fourth in population,
yet each Of 16 others maintains a
military establishment exceeding In
strength the aggregate of our Regular
Army, National Guard and Organized
Reserves" That paper feels that
present conditions are below the
point of safety"
THE general staff of the Army"
says the Providence Bulletin, got
from the committee practically every
thing 1t Sought-and it is recognized
that once an appropriation gets
through committee it Is well on the
way to success. The Navy supply
measure will likewise carry a stable
increase, a sum of 100000, 900 above
the largest annual appropriation since
the start Of the budget system in
1921"
Evening star., 1935-02-26

interesting to know Of the modest pro-
visions Of the French dole system. An
unmarried man or woman draws 46
cents a day: a married man, 66 cents,
and a man with a family, $1.32. de-
pendent on the number Of children,
M. Paul Poiret, once celebrated style
king" is on the dole for ten francs
(66 cents) day.
Plainly. the times are still out Of
Joint on both sides of the Atlantic. and
craftsmanship here, as well as "over
there" finds itself compelled to con-
centrate its wisdom and energy on the
herculean task of combating human
misery.
Evening star., 1935-02-26
THIS AND THAT
BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL.

Prelude to dying
Lack of appetite. of course.
This is seen and understood better
in the home aquarium than any place
else.
Life among human beings is such
a huge proposition, even the indiyi-
dual, personal life, that the student
becomes enmeshed in side issues.
In the aquarium he sees before MIN
small animals bent ON living, as we
ourselves
In the glass-walled tank they en-
gage in life's activities with a single
ness of purpose easily comprehended.
And food Is paramount.
tx
The healthy fish eats well, whether
of live or dried food.
The animal beginning to all is "off
his feed" to use the homely old ex-
preston of the barn yard.
The astute keeper will be able to
note this weeks, even months, before
the creature expires.
He may be able, by changing the
diet, perhaps by adding some live
food where before was fed only
artifically prepared sorts. to bring the
i'll fish around.
Then again he may not.
The science of fish keeping is not
an exact science. One Of the draw
backs to it is that the experienced
fancier is not able to draw up pre-
else set of rules to present to the new
conner.
Invariably the beginner expects just
that. a definite set of laws, or rules,
for the successful management OF the
home aquarium.
The more one knows the more he
realizes that there Is, can be, no such
set.
Life is more than rules.
1t transcends rules.
Rules may be laid down, and they
are, both for human life and animal
life, but in the last analysis so many
things come up to upset them.
He who attempts to live by rule
alone, especially in things physical
is going to run his head squarely
into a stone wall at last.
y X X
The aquarium fish which slacks on
its diet is ON the way to being dead
fish, and this is so we'll understood
by old hands in their management
that everything Is done to pep up" It's
appetite.
One way is to withhold food for a
time.
The hope is that when the fish gets
good and hungry" it will eat.
Another method is to transfer the
animal to another tank, much or
the theory Of human doctors when
they advise a change of scenery.
Still another method is to change
about half of the water In the
aquarium, adding fresh of the same
temperature.
Not only has this a somewhat
stimulating influence on the i'll fish
but also it tends to eliminate such
inimical substances as may have been
built up over a period Of days.
The sufferer. in most instances, Il
a weak fish to begin with.
The survival of the fitteSt Is al
work, and it is 50 easy to see it here
whereas among human beings there
are SO many unknown factors, in any
given case. that even the medical
men are often helpless.
The sick fish slacks of on its food
Evening star., 1935-02-26
) SHOOTING STARS.
BY PHILANDER. JOHNSON.
Remarkable Day.

Remarkable Day.
Uncle Silas paused to say,
Had a most remarkable day!
Sat behind the steerin' wheel
And kicked the gas in my automobile.
Found parking space to stop,
Waved my hand to the traffic cop,
Tended to my downtown cares,
Not a gunman anywheres.
Saw a show of moral pow'r,
Started home at the usual hour.
The dinner for king was fit,
Hired girl told us she wouldn't quit.
Life seldom goes this peaceful way
Had a most remarkable day!"
Evening star., 1935-02-26
A Rhyme at Twilight
By
Gertrude Brooke Hamilton
Evening Crowds

Evening CrOWds
Stand for an hour where women
throng:
A matron, a fapper, nun. hag,
A lady in sables, painted Mag.
You'll know as they pass from far and
near
That the paramount thing in woman
is fear.
Stand for awhile where men 60 by:
A banker. beggar. priest. fop,
A spectacled savant, a wide-awake
cop.
You'll know in watching them less
than an hour
That the dominant thing in man II
power.
Evening star., 1935-02-26

and what public commission is in
charge 6 supervision?
We hear a lot about improving the
service by permitting the street cars
to secure q monopoly on bus trans
portation, but for heavens sake stop
this monster from growing any larger.
Best of all, let US have municipality
owned and operated street car service
that has been success In many cities
in this country and abroad. I agree
with Philip O,Donnell. jr. Let our
District officials take a dose of their
own medicine and ride the street cars
In the rush hours.
JULIUS RADEMAKER.
Evening star., 1935-02-26
Valuations.

costs are mounting" said the man
who was figuring.
Especially in politics." said Senator
Sorghum. People have become edu-
Gated in the value of the ballot. Votes
that used to be bought for five dollars
apiece are now held on to as price
less"
Evening star., 1935-02-26
Ham.and Getting Dearer.

From the Lincoln .(Nebr) State Journal.
This country is faced with short
age Of poultry and eggs for the next
year, and the ham-and-bacon crop
will be so short that prices are now
going up. The safety order Of
strangers in a strange restaurant win
soon he out Of reach.
Evening star., 1935-02-26

There can be no doubt of a higher
educational level when there is more
excitement over Supreme Court
opinion than there is over the most
brilliant motion picture prospectus.
Evening star., 1935-02-26
Vanished ViandS.

Vanished ViandS.
To trade with nations far away
NV fond delight would be.
Yet our own products on display
Again I'd like to see.
OF fowl that come from near or far
I'd like a reed bird most.
I'd trade ton of caviar
For Just a quail on toast.
Evening star., 1935-02-26

The Prince Of Wales Is popular.
One reason for this is that he frankly
prefers having the band play Hes
a Jolly Good Fellow" instead Of the
national anthem.
Evening star., 1935-02-26

or that she was deceived by the dis
play.
Q. For whom was Buell. Park, Ariz.,
named?-B. M.
A. Arizona Place Names" says that
1t Is named for Mai. Buell., U. s. A.,
VINO commanded small post there In
Kit Carson's time.
@. How much coffee has been de-
stroyed in Brazil?-H. A.
A. Brazil destroyed l,I47,O bags OF
coHee In August, 1884, the largest
amount Tor any month since Septem-
Der, 1888. Since the beginning Of
the destruction program in June. 1881,
81 ,082. 900 bags of coffee have been
burned.
@. Who is the ruler Of Hungary
H. S.
, A. Hungary Is a kingdom which since
the World War has been ruled by a
regent, Admiral Horthy. There now
is a strong movement afoot to place
Prince Otto on the throne. Otto Is
the direct descendant of the old EN-
peror of Austria Hungary, Franz Josef.
who died during the war. Otto is now
in Belgium.
@. Is David Copperield" a story Of
Charles Dickens life?-M. K. H.
A. While David Copperfield" is re-
garded as largely photographed,
there are many digressions from
| actual fact.
@. Where was the metal mined out
of which the famous Toledo blades
were made?-E. A. P.
A. The mines in the vicinity Of To-
ledo, Spain. produced ore which con-
tanned just the right amount of
manganese, chromium and other sub
stances to produce the famous Toledo
swords.
@. When was Die Wacht am Rhein"
! written?-G. D.
| A. The words we're written in l840
and the music in 1854. It did not
become a national song until the
| Franco-Prussian War.
@. What is the tallest building IN
Washington, D. C.?-M. B.
| A. The tallest commercial building
is the Munsey Building. The dome on
| the Capitol makes this the tallest
building in the city.
| @. In what way was Livingstone,
the African explorer, related to the
pioneer missionary to Africa, Robert
Moffat?-E. z.
A David Livingstone, who was also
a missionary and succeeded Moffat in
the field, married Moffat's daughter,
Mary.
@. How long does q horse Eve?-
e. B. j.
| A. The average life span of horses
is about Is years on the farm and
about 10 years in the city. Individual
! horses have lived to much greater
ages under exceptional circumstances.
The oldest horse, the record of whose
| age can be authenticated IN this coun-
| try was a Morgan mare, Little Susie,
which was destroyed on May IS, 1914,
at Fort Fairfield, Me-, at the age OF
A years. There is story which ap-
peared IN the June 6, 1911, issue Of
| the Horseman in which it was stated
that a ''tow-path horse" on the Man.
chester Canal near Manchester. Eng.
land, died in 1882 at the "authenti-
cally known" age of 62. The skeleton
of the head of this horse is preserved
in the Museum of Natural History at
/ Manchester.
@. When did George Washington
occupy his headquarters in Morris
town, N. IA. B.
A. George Washington's headquar-
| tiers in Morristown, N. j., was in the
old Ford mansion. which is now owned
by the Washington Association. He
occupied this headquarters in 1777
from January to May and from De-
cember. 1779, to June. 1880.
@. Where did the first Rockefeller
in America come from?-H. r. z.
! A. John Peter Rockefeller came to
/ this country from Germany in 1928.
Evening star., 1935-02-26

Hitler was once . house painter.
He has many things to explain. His
previous experience is of no particular
value to him in efforts as political
Whitewater.
Evening star., 1935-02-26

Abyssinia has many powerful ad-
jacencies. A little diplomacy may
prevent it from being the scene of
mere local alteration.
Evening star., 1935-02-26

Tennessee continues to denounce
evolution. Monkeys have not enough
intelligent interest in the matter to
employ a press agent.
Evening star., 1935-02-26
Degrees.


"We are improving by degrees" said
the educator.
"All along the line" answered Miss
Cayenne, from third degrees in the
police station to all kinds Of degrees
in colleges"
"In famine" said Hi Ho, the sage
of Chinatown, "a field Of rice is better
than handful of gold which must be
concealed and cannot be eaten
secretly"
Joys That Endure.
Old things are still worth caring for,
The ak survives in work or war.
The old wheelbarrow trundles on,
The garden spade has not yet gone
In spite Of steam or vapor oil
That swiftly and securely toll. ,
II you real thrill would know
Just find a good old-fashioned snow,
A set of bells that chime SO gay.
A pair of hosses and sleigh!
Economy" said Uncle Eben, "is
what we think others ought to practice
so we won't have to stint ourselves so
much" .---.
Evening star., 1935-02-26

Night Final and Sunday Star ::oc per , month
Night Final Star; Doc per monsh ms,,
month Orders may be sent by mall or
telephone National 5000.
Evening star., 1935-02-26
The Evening Star Newspaper Company

BUSINESS IflCe.
l1th st. and Pennsylvania Ave.
New York once: 110 East 42nd 81.
Chicago Office: Lake Michigan Building.
European ONCE: 4 Regent St.. London.
ENGLAND
Evening star., 1935-02-26
Rate by Mail-Payable in Advance.
MarylanI anI VIRGINIA
All Other States and Canada.

Daily and Sunday. / yr.. $1,000; mo. s5e
Daily only ...... VI. So 90: mo- PC PC
Evening star., 1935-02-26

@. What is the tallest building IN
Washington, D. C.?-M. B.
A. The tallest commercial building
is the Munsey Building. The dome on
the Capitol makes this the tallest
building in the city.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-06
By Ben Field

They began counting our very
breaths. Ten fingers were too many
for us!" With the cry up leaps the
hunting and hunted fighting flesh
of his face. I'VE heard what they
were doing to the comrades in Linz.
When they attacked Karl Marx
with cannons, our 90 was there"
The big Belgian puts his hand
softly on the table. "All came
through"
Franz shakes his head. He doesn't
remember. The rain shells the
windows. He looks at his cigaret.
No, Five did not.
He filings up his head. He leans
over the table in his faded gym
shirt. A tremor jerks his breast
muscles.
The Yankee boy takes off his
coat He filings it around Franz S
shoulders.
For three weeks they hid from
the police and the Heimwehr after
the defeat in sewers and cellars
Then nights, the forced marches to
the frontier. The International Red
Aid helped them across into Russia
And for the first time Franz's face
lights up. They treated each one
of us here like a Dimitroff. The
whole country was flung open tc
us, We could work wherever we
wanted. l chose Charkov Some
Leningrad, scow, Stalingrad
Kiev.''
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-06
Baltimore To See Chabayep

Chapayev, the great Russian documentary film
will open at The Auditorium, in Baltimore on Fri.
day. Feb. g. This motion picture theatre is on,
of chain established by the International An
Cinema Inc, in all the large Eastern and Middle,
Western cities.
The purpose of this new chain is to make regular
shov1ngs Of the latest Soviet films available Ia
workers in other cities, where the regular com.
mercal exhibitors refuse to book pictrse from this
Soviet Union
This film was declared milestone in film
history by Esenstein, Dovjenko and Pudovkin, and
through its unprecedented success its directors
Sergei and Georgi Vasliyev have taken their place,
among the greatest Of worlds cinema directors
Chapayev is also scheduled to open at the Belasco
Theatre, in Washington D. c., another of this chain
Of theatres, on Feb 81
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-06
Rar and Revolution

Question: Why do Communists fight against
imperialist wars when 1t is from such wars that
revolutions cone2-A R., Chicago.
Answer: The Communists fight against imperi-
alist war, because workers have nothing at al TO
gain from fought in the interests Of the capital
ist class. It is not necessary for millions to die
before revolutionary struggle to overthrow capi-
tslism can be carried out
BY fighting and exposing the war aims Of the
capitalists now; by showing and convincing the
workers that the way to defeat capitalism and its
war program is to struggle against war and fas-
cism now, it is possible to rally and organize the
masses for the overthrow Of capitalism, before it
plunges the nation into war
Besides revolutions are not inevitable by-products
Of imperialst wars. To be able to turn an inn
perialst war into a revolutionary civil war, it Is
necessary to carry on anti-war work before the
actual outbreak Of war If this work is carried out
properly, then it is possible to lay the basis for
revolutionary civil war in the event that the masses
are not sufficiently reused and organized to do away
with capitalism before the beginning Of host1ites
without a constant struggle against imperiast
war there can be no successful proletaran revolu-
ton.