Evening star., 1935-12-15
BOLIVAR DEAD los YEARS.
BUT IDEALS STILL LIVE
Six Nations to Observe Passing Tues
day of LiEerator, First to Fight
for Pan-America.

Colombia to be written into the an.
mails of history. Afterward he formed
"Gran Colombia" with the territory
which now constitutes the republics
of Venezuela, Colombia, Panama and
Ecuador, and, with the pride of a
creator. called himself a Colombian.
Later he gave freedom to Peru and
upper Peru, now Bolivia, and became
the leader in the liberation of a whole
continent. When, finally, that conti-
nent was free, Bolivar dreamed OF q
strong and united America which
would present itself to the world with
an unexampled aspect of majesty and
grandeur"
Dreamed of Vast Union.
The plan of Bolivar was that of
confederation of American republics
in which all of them, retaining their
internal sovereignty, would voluntarily
sacrifice something of their external
freedom to supreme power, made
up Of their own representatives. This
Assembly of Plenipotentiaries" would
guarantee their security, peace and
progress through mutual cooperation.
In other words, he advocated an
American league of nations, but a
league of nations with teeth, practical
and obligatory.
The Bolivarian ideals of union and
reciprocal aid are best demonstrated
in the Treaty of Union, League and
Perpetual Confederation" which the
Liberator inspired and had signed
at Panama by delegates of Mexico,
Gran Colombia to-day Venezuela,
Panama, Colombia and Ecuador),
Central America to-day Guatemala.
Honduras, Nicaragua, FL Salvador and
Costa Rica) and Peru.
Although, in later years, the many
forces which we're working inces-
sanity for separation and disunion
among the young republics-political
change, internal unrest, lack Of unity
in direction, absence of material con.
facts, personal rivalries, etc.-pre-
vented not only the enforcement, but
even the ratification of the treaty, its
provisions and purposes constitute a
monument to the genius of Bolivar,
the statesman whose prophetic vision
pierced some 200 years into the future.
Sought Common Bond.
Among the outstanding of such pro-
visions we may cite, once more, the
following: Permanence and in
violability of a close friendship and
union with each and every one of
the states members of the league;
defensive and, If necessary, offensive
common support of the sovereignty
and independence of each of the con-
federated nations of America against
all attempts of foreign domination;
establishment of permanent assem-.
bly,. formed by plenipotentiaries of the
contracting parties, intrusted with
treaty making powers, the mainte.
nance of peace and harmony among
the league members and the general
conduct of their relations with outside
powers; outlawry of war among the
contederated states; mutual guarantee
OF their territorial integrity, and BAN
ming of their going to war with out
side powers before the good Offices
of the other members of the league
had been tried and exhausted.
AS can be easily seen, in the spirit
and the letter Of the Bolivarian pro-
poSals are embodied most of the in.
novations in international law which
only today are being tried out in
other parts of the world, such as the
Society of Nations, the Kellogg.
BRAND pact. the compulsory srbi.
tration treaties. the systems Of con.
ciliation, the theory of non-recogni.
tion of territorial gains by force, and
so on. II Bolivar had done nothing
else, his pioneering efforts in this
direction would have been sufficient
in themselves to gain him the place
in history to which he is entitled on
so many counts.
tcopyriRht, 1850