davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1935-11-16

the Supreme Court as it sat in that old
room for three quarters Of century. 1t
would not need to be long drawn re-
cital. 1t might be SO condensed as to
bold attention and yet cover the high
points of the legal lore given utterance
there.
Across the park in the new white
marble temple of justice where the court
now sits will in time doubtless be dis
played portraits Of the men who have
constituted the court during these years
of its great service. There is no space in
the old room for such display. The
memories of the nearly fourscore who in
the course of these years have interpreted
and sustained the Constitution in its in
tegrity will dwell in the scene of their
labors, now established for all time as
shrine.
Evening star., 1935-11-16
Observation-Disclosures"
Week Might Lift the Fog

To the Editor of The Star:
Not daring to rush in where learned
lawyers are making the fur fly over the
complexities and ramifcations and tor
tuous interpretations defining the verb
teach, We wait with bated breath and
anxious hearts for some genial soul who
will loosen the screws on nerve -racked
operatives in our hair trigger mechanism.
Why not a "Be-Kind- to- Teachers"
week?
OF course, the excited protectors of
youthful thinking were themselves
graduated when education was thought
of as a pouring-in process, when in each
class room was platform from which
Teacher" harangued by the hour on
subjects more or less interesting to
teacher, while Johnny made spitballs or
drew caricatures according to his taste,
talents and opportunities. But all that
changed long, long years ago. Teacher
now is spelled with very small IT" and
ranks only as big brother or big sister
in junior republic. and Johnny, who
realizes his oats. knows just what queS-
tions to spring when he would like to
see her" turn red in the face and say
with dignity: 1--WE will excuse Jonathan
from the room. Don't come back, please,
till you can bring your father"
A penalty for teaching" an ism that
never was in the curriculum any how
and can never by any chance get in
as a subject to be taught. is like spiking
the warning, please don't fall down this
WELL" with the baleful sanction: Fine
and imprisonment if you dol"
ANNA J. COOPER.
Evening star., 1935-11-16
Character Building and
the Community Chest

To the Editor Of The Star:
There has been considerable complaint
about the character building organiza-
tions obtaining funds from the Com
munity Chest Others think that the
Chest raises funds only for charitable
organizations. Both groups have
rightful place in the Chest, which was
employed to make one drive serve for ALL
Before the police started their boys
clubs throughout the country the train
ing schools were filled with boys. I
remember that at one time there were
over TOO boys at the school on Bladens-
burg road. have been all my life in
boy work, field organizer for the Boy
Scout movement for 81 years.
remember talking to bunch of boys
about scouting, and requesting the boys
to make buddies of their own fathers.
When was. through I noticed boy
standing beside me, his little face, hands
and legs black with dirt, but two little
marks that were white from his eyes to
his chin caused by tears. I asked him
if he cared to talk to me. "Yes, sir, Mr..
Plant. If my father was a man like
you might make buddy Of him, but
not my old man."
I put this chap in scouting In troop
in Washington. The scout master had no
children, SO he took this boy and treated
him like his own son. He called on the
boys family the next day, and as he
explained to me, it was the dirtiest place
that he had ever seen. In six months
cleanliness instead of filth prevailed
through the example Of the boy. The
father had also become the buddy Of his
own son. Is not this enough to prove
that character building should be q part
of the Chest? JOS. PLANT.
Evening star., 1935-11-16

lower pressure, can travel farther with
out being stopped by colliding with un-
charged air molecules. For this reason
the conductivity Of the air increases
with height.
TO measure the conductivity of the
atmosphere on the National Geographic
Soclety's next StratoSphere flight large
tube about foot in diameter will be
attached on the outside of the spherical
ouraIumlnum eondola and air will be
forced through it by means Of an electric
fan. AS the air passes through this tube
1t will carry ions with it. Some will be
caught on metal rod attached inside
the tube to an electrical instrument
which will measure the charge carried
by the ions.
device similar to this has been used
by DR.. Gish for measuring air conduc-
tivity near the earth's surface. The
rod inside the tube which catches the
ions ordinarily is attached to an cleo
trometer to measure the electric charge.
Mr.. Gish, in the new apparatus, has
eliminated the conventional type of
electrometer. He uses instead a small
metallic fiber which, when it becomes
charged with the ions collected by the
rod, jumps over to metal plate like bits
OF paper jump to comb which has been
electrified by rubbing against the hair.
Each jump of the metal fiber is recorded
on sheet OF paper which is rotated by
clock work. The better the conductivity
the more frequently the metal fiber be-
comes charged and the more frequent be-
come the marks on the sheet of paper.
Another advantage of the apparatus
devised by DR.. Gish is that it can be sent
up In a balloon with radio set. Each
jump OF the fiber would cause a signal
to be transmitted. thus permitting a
record OF the air conductivity to be OBJ
tanned, even though the balloon and all
Its equipment should be lost.
Evening star., 1935-11-16

seemingly small losses. The Ethiopian
resistance has been futile. The sup
posedly insurmountable natural obstacles
have been overcome with little derange-
ment Of the schedule. There have been
reports of heavy losses from disease, but
these lack confirmation. Doubtless, in
the calculations of the Italian high COM
mand as to progress, allowance was made
for this element. Otherwise the adven-
ture into Ethiopia would have been
reckless.
No superiority of mere man power,
without adequate modern equipment,
can possibly give Halle Selassie an advan-
tage in this campaign. The larger the
forces of opposition the heavier the
losses from concentrated modern weapon
attack. A greater mobility is effective
only with an equality of armament. The
Ethiopians are almost wholly lacking in
aerial weapons, in tanks and in long
range field guns. They are short OF
ammunition. They are, comparatively,
an unarmed nation seeking to resist
well organized, we'll equipped and well
directed force of sufficient size to carry
out a series of advances to succession
of positions. And whether there is q
lack in individual quality or in loyalty
or in fighting spirit, the enemys advan-
tage of armament and supply is telling
against them. Unless some now unfore-
seen turn in the tide of war comes
Ethiopia will be a beaten nation.
Evening star., 1935-11-16
Communism and Salaries.

The situation with regard to the
teaching" of communism in the public
schools is not materially changed or
affected by the ruling just made by Con-
troller General McCarl that salaries will
be paid only to teachers who sign state
ments each pay day to the effect that
they did not during the preceding pc
riod, "teach or advocate communism"
That ruling is merely statement of the
method to be followed in carrying out
the law which was enacted last June
providing that no part of any appro-
priation for the public schools shall be
available for the payment of the salary
of any person teaching or advocating
communism" The controller general,
faced with q prohibitory clause in the
law. had no alternative but to state the
conditions upon which salaries will be
paid.
AS to the question in chief, whether
there is a difference between teaching
and advocating" communism in the
course of public instruction, that remains
where it now stands, with the adoption
by the Board of Education of the ruling
by the corporation counsel that there
Is a difference, that teaching" and
"advocating" are not identical and that
"teaching" is simply exposition or state
ment, without an attempt on the part
of the expositor to create favorable
opinion on the part of the student. That
ruling, which the Board of Education has
made its own, remains subject to later
consideration by the Congress which
enacted the law with its prohibitory
clause.
Controller General McCarl does not
undertake to define teaching in con-
nection with the statement of COM
munism to students by the instructors
In the schools. He takes the words OF
the law as they stand. 1t may be that
only by the medium of test case, with
a teacher denied salary and seeking to
recover through suit in court, could such
a question be determined satisfactorily.
BuL SuCIl a leSI hOulu NC ullllSulG anu
protracted. Meanwhile, Congress will
assemble and the matter may be con-
sidered anew in that quarter and the
law be more distinctly stated, if any
prohibitory language is used.
The whole case turns upon the queS-
ton of whether there shall be any men,
ton in the course of the school cur
riculum OF communism or kindred the
ories and practices of government, as
opposed and hostile to the system of
Government in this country. The broad
view is expressed in the ruling of the
corporation counsel, which the Board OF
Education has adopted as its own, that
q statement of all forms of government
and all doctrines of rule must be stated
and expounded or explained to give the
student complete knowledge of civics
and of history. The contrary view is that
pernicious and subversive methods should
not be mentioned in the hearing of stu
dents lest they become infected with
such doctrines.
Evening star., 1935-11-16
Italy's War Progress.

1t cannot be denied that there pre-
walls sentimental partisanship in this
country for the EthiopianS, based some
what on the under-dog feeling and also
upon the belief that Italy has no jus
tifable cause for war against them. Nor
can it be denied that from the outset
the hope has been entertained over
here that the Ethiopians would admin
lister a sound beating to the invaders
of their land. And finally 1t is unde-
niable that there is a general feeling
of disappointment at the performances
of the Ethiopians thus far in the con-
flict. 1t was known that they were
wretchedly armed and that their general
supplies for warfare were far below
their needs, owing to the difficulties of
transportation, their lack of means and
the shortness of the time in which they
could prepare for war. But somehow
there was feeling that the tribesmen,
fierce and intensely patriotic, would
give much better account of them
selves than they have given so far in
the campaign. The detection of Ras
Gugsa, son-in-law of the Emperor, was
an early blow to the hopes of the par
tisans of Halle Selassie. Now 1t seems
to be symptomatic of the Indifferent
nationalistic sentiment Of the Ethiopians.
They are apparently not as unified and
loyal to their ruler as was thought.
The war has now been in progress
for six weeks and all reports indicate that
it has developed in accord with the plans
of the italian leaders. They have taken
their objsctivs.S regularly and with
Evening star., 1935-11-16

red and blue, another bright silver with
red, and so on through scale Of colora-
ton really greater than anything the
famous BETA, or fighting fish Of Siam,
knows.
When flash" Is desired in tank there
still is nothing 50 good as the old gold
fish. This Is mainly on account of its
glistening scales, whatever their colora-
ton. Among the tropical specimens there
are only a few which possess this same
metallic brilliancy. One of these Is the
so-called rosy barb. which belongs to the
carp family. Of which the goldfish Is a
charter member.
Those who honestly are interested in
the goldfish find in time that each crea-
ture in the home tank Just naturally
takes unto itself a name.
This always astonishes the uninitiated,
because to them all fish look alike.
Physical appearance is not all, how
ever, by any means. AS we have at
tempted to show, the temperament Of
each fish is distinct, and from this often
comes the individual name.
Here is one fish 50 mean that he has
been placed in small tank by himself.
Constantly he races backward and for
ward. His name is Buckaroo.
Here is a little golden fellow, not more
than an inch long, sporting a very fine
and elaborate tail.
His name is Little Companion.
He is known and spoken of as Little
Companion. How come?
1t is easy. He was purchased to 60
with Buckaroo, but the latter constantly
nibbled his fins.
HiS very email size IN q 10 the fjtIa title
Companion, appropriate, so that when
the larger and meaner fish was removed
he still went by the old name.
Such name, for a fish, is no more
queer than My Own on Time for a
champion dog.
r.
Many fanciful names OF legend and
story can be affixed to goldfish with no
stretch of the imagination. owing to their
queer patterns Of color, and shapes, vary
ing from the straight, typical fish form
OF the comets" and common goldfish to
the elaborately egg-shaped creatures Of
varied colors and google eyes.
1t is really too bad that the tropical
fish craze had to hit America just when
the goldfish fancy had elaborated the
latter to such a pitch, because it seems
W Dc pdIt OF the eAOtlc NSn fancy 10
mildly sneer at the goldfish fancier and
his fish.
Yet any one may breed guppies in a
1o-cent bowl, whereas real knowledge
and equipment are necessary to breed
the goldfish in an aquarium, although
it may be done easily enough in an out
door pool.
There are so many good points about
goldhShes however, that there seems
little question that they will enjoy a re-
vival at an early date. Then there will
be no need for thermostatic heaters,
often so essential with the tropical speci-
mems.
In fact there are many fanciers who
have never given up goldfish, but have
kept tank or two Of them along with
their dozen to hundred tanks of small
tropical specimens.
After the novelty Of fish keeping on
large scale wears of one may be con-
tent to handle just tank or two, and
when that day arrives what will be
more beautiful than a fine aquarium of
goldfish, sparsely populated to the un-
initiated eye, but just right to the ex-
perienced?
Evening star., 1935-11-16
Ending an Anomaly.

After the signing Of the Canadian
American reciprocal trade treaty at the
White House on Friday the President
observed that it places commerce be-
tween the two countries on basis of
mutual agreement for the first time since
was happy to have part in removing
this anomaly" The two great North
American democracies, he indicated, are
united by too many bonds Of friendship
and common heritage" to permit the
indefinite continuance of unnatural and
unnecessary trade barriers.
Similar sentiments were expressed by
Prime Minister Mackenzie King and
Secretary Hull as they exchanged sigma
lures which translated into international
law the give-and-take pact whereby
Canada and the United States hope
measurably to restore the volume or
trade which existed before high tariffs
and depression reduced it to present
dimensions.
From Secretary Hull's lips fell words
of special significance. They refer to
currently unsettled conditions overseas
due in large part to trade causes. while
many other parts of the world are slip
ming in the direction of economic sui
eide" the Secretary of State said, the
trade agreement between our two coun-
tries marks an outstanding step In the
direction of economic sanity" The bar
gain with Canada brings justifiable sat-
isfaction to Mr. Hull, for it typifles his
theory that economic natlonallsm Is
wholly out of place in the closely inter-
locking world of today.
Prime Minister Mackenzie King
struck yet another note in acclaiming
the conclusion of the treaty. Fore
shadowing that it will beyond question
produce a marked and prompt increase
in commerce and thus help both coun-
tries to make more rapid progress toward
recovery, the Canadian leader empha-
sized that the agreement will not benefit
North America alone. All the world, ne
contends, will gain from greater trade
on this continent. 1t is probable that
in this particular utterance Mr.. King had
Great Britain in mind. There have been
suggestions that the mother country"
looked askance, in view Of the Ottawa
empire trade agreements, at the Domln-
ions overtures for tariff alliance with
the United States. The prime minister
seems to say to Britannia that increased
Canadian prosperity, as consequence OF
more favorable opportunities in the
American market, can only result in
greater Dominion buying power for
empire wares.
Exactly what mutual tariff concessions
the new treaty contains remain TO be
disclosed. They are to be made public
Monday. Hints that the United States
has agreed to substantial reductions in
rates on Canadian lumber and dairy
products have already aroused protest
in this country. There is likely to be
little patience in the Nation at large
with remonstrances from group interests
against a program that envisions the
advantages to the American people as
whole that will accrue from new and
square economic deal with our neighbors
to the North. All concerned with its
consummation deserve the countrys
gratitude. 1t strikes blow for business
and for peace. 1t is an example which
governments far from these shores would
do we'll to emulate.
Evening star., 1935-11-16
An American Shrine.

One Of the persuasive arguments for
the legislation providing for new home
for the Supreme Court of the United
States was that the space in the Capt.
tol so long occupied by the highest tri-
bunal was needed by the Senate for
ONCE rooms and committee rooms. Now
the ALLEGATION of the space just vacated
by the court has been effected, and the
chambers, with one exception, have been
distributed among members of the
Upper House of Congress. The court
room itself has not been assigned. Nor
will it be. 1t is to be preserved as it
has appeared for years as an historic
shrine. This is appropriate. For that
room has been the scene of American
history. 1t was the arena of great legal
battles. It's walls have resounded with
the eloquence and the logic and the
augmentation of the greatest legal lights
of this country. In that chamber have
been pronounced judicial dictums of
vital consequence to the Nation. In
fact, it has seen the building of the
Nation through the Interpretation OF
statutes in their relation to the funda-
mental law, the Constitution.
To turn the old court chamber into
Senate committee room, perhaps into
several small work Offices, would be little
else than sacrilege. To leave it as it is,
without change in any manner, will not
be in any sense waste. 1t will be rather
q contribution to the American concept
of nationality, stimulus to the pride Of
the American people in the success of the
great experiment of self-government
It would be well indeed if the official
guides who escort visitors through the
Capitol and identify its features and tell
the story Of its use during these many
decades were to be especially trained in
q comprehensive and csrrect history Of
q
Evening star., 1935-11-16
A Rhyme at Twilight
By
Gertrude Brooke Hamilton
The Night 1t Rained.

The Night 1t Rained.
The preacher of q widespread rural
parish,
When asked to pray for rain in long
drought.
Promised to voice petition for his people
If they could prove faith free of all
doubt.
The evening that he set for the prayer
service
They filled the rustic temple to the
door,
To take part in the fervent supplica-
tions
They felt their earnest pastor would
outpour.
He smiled and sighed, and said to them:
MY people,
Though you have come from valley
and from hill,
I do not find in all this congregation
The faith that bade the stormy waves
be still.
you've come to ask rain Of your Heav-
emily Father.
The prayer you wish viii not be voiced
by me.
For, though you've gathered here BY
tens and hundreds
Not one urAbrella In the church see!"
Evening star., 1935-11-16
THIS AND THAT
BY CHARLES f. TRdCEWELL.

The naming by their owner Of pet
fishes seems to be the last straw to per-
sons not interested In our hnny friends
Of the aquarium.
Yet nothing Is more natural. for the
creatures almost name themselves the
very best way for names coming into
being.
Every one knows how dogs get such
q name as Spot, and cats that Of Boots,
owing to some physical popularity.
It is Just the same with fishes, especial.
ly goldfishes.
The latter, rather than their tropical
cousins, seem to come by their pet names
naturally, owing to differences Of colora-
ton, structure, etc.
There is an individuality to the gold
fish which may not appear on flrst
acquaintance.
One must keep them for several years
before realizing their worth.
Persons who become interested in
exotic, or tropical, fishes, Of which some
200 species are now available in the
United States, tend at first to look down
on the faithful goldfish.
II they keep q few of the latter. how
ever, in a separate tank, adequate for
their needs-and they need much more
water per fish than the tropicals-they
will hnd in time that their interest
grows.
For the sheer picture. one to make a
splotch Of colorful life at cool window,
there is no type of indoor aquarium to
vie with the goldfish tank.
If one observes the two main rules
keep 'em cool, and give 'em plenty Of
room, there is not much trouble expert
enced in handling goldfish, unless one
has purchased poor stock to begin with.
Even then a great deal can be done by
giving each fish sufficient water. Those
who complain that they cannot keep
goldfish" will be found. in almost every
case, to be attempting to house 5 or
fishes in gallon Of water.
One gallon of water is sufficient for
one fish one inch long. exclusive Of tail.
II this standard is checked against
average conditions it will be realized how
woefully inadequate is the amount OF
water usually afforded the average fish.
Better two gallons per inch, but that is
q standard Of perfection not often
achieved.
The ideal to be aimed at, with gold
fish, is two gallons Of water per fish,
meaning anything from an ncn 10 TWO
inches, exclusive Of tail.
1t is scarcely necessary to say that
fat, egg-shaped fish need little more
water. since their weight is greater.
If the water is kept between 60 and 10
degrees, rather than 10 and 80, and the
fish not overfed, these strict rules may
be violated within reason. At the most,
however not over four fishes ought to be
kept In an average five-gallon aquarium.
A gallon one ought to have not
more than three fishes; two would be
better.
These creatures differ in disposition so
widely that their names seem to suggest
themselves.
No two are alike.
One is greedy, another. mild, another
angry in appearance, one bold, another
very timid.
1t must be kept in mind that there are
many distinct kinds of goldfshes, differ
ing so much in appearance that one not
acquainted with the subject would scarce
ly know they are related.
Though they all are called goldfish"
one may be black. another mottled in
Evening star., 1935-11-16
Shooting Stars.
BY PHILANDER JOHNSON.
Myths Work Both Ways.

Oh, Santa Claus is nearing.
You can hear most anywhere
A whisper of the cheering
That is trembling in the air.
And again our faith we're testing,
And again we struggle with
The gossip. still unresting,
Santa Claus is just myth"
There are insinuations
That some men of evil fame
Have acquired bad regulations
When they don't deserve the blame.
And perhaps dictators soften
Now and then in kindly mood,
Being only myths when often
They are called exceeding rude.
Evening star., 1935-11-16

When aida" was produced to celebrate
the opening Of the Suez Canal there was
no astrologer present to inspire song
to anticipate the future and put in an
"Old Man River" number about the Nile.
Evening star., 1935-11-16

Current references to Senator Norris
suggest that there is certain Fnount of
palpable nonsense in the idea of mans
being due for retirement at sixty. Old
Gov. Bill Allen of Ohio used to say Use
fulness is not a question of how long a
man has lived. 1t is question OF what
is left OF him"
Evening star., 1935-11-16

As prosperity advances more govern
mental assistants show a willingness to
take their chances in private employ
ment Colleges are good training for
Government service. which in turn pro-
vides valuable training for general en-
terpriSe.