davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times., 1935-10-14
Judges and Juries
IN James T. Williams, ,Jr.


the assistance to be rendered
by him to the jury, but also
in advice upon the facts.
'Tt leaves to the jury full
discretion, after such instruc-
tiOn and advice, to decide what
the facts are, without being
controlled by the judge.
at is this power exercised
by the Judge which makes the
criminal trials in the English
courts so speedy and so salts
factory. The Judge is respOn-
SibIe for the dispatch with
which the case is disposed Of.
The judge, in the first place,
determines what facts can be
admitted in evidence, and what,
If rendered, should be rejected.
"Then the lawyers on each
side are given an opportunity
to discuss the evidence, first to
outline what each proposes TO
introduce, and second, to dis
cuss the evidence after it is
introduced.
"After each lawyer, in his
argument, has made the case
as favorable to his side as he
can, the Judge sums up the
evidence, as 1t Is called. He
dissects it. explains the reIe-
vance of each important part of
it to the issue to be decided,
and makes clear to the COM
prehensiOn Of the jury, not so
much the weight Of the evi-
dence as the bearing of it upon
the actual ISSUE"
Many State legislatures have
so restricted the Judge by legiS-
lative provision that he is pre-
vented from clarifying the case
for the jury. This opens the
way for lawyers to confuse the
issues, befuddle the jury, and
mislead the jurors into an un-
just verdict.
DEPRIVED OF POWER
It is the lawyers who betray
their responsibilities as officers
of the court who are chiefly to
blame for the enactment of
those legislative provisions
which have hamstrung judges
in State after State and de-
prived them Of the power to
function as a judge must func-
tion if equal justice under
law" is to be dispensed.
The remedy for this disgrace
full condition of affairs in State
after State lies with the people
themselves.
They can elect legislatures
pledged to restore the Judge to
his proper place in a jury trial
by providing for the same sys-
tenn of trial by jury at common
law which obtains in our Fed
eral Courts and has so recently
vindicated itself anew in the
State Of New Jersey.
Copyright, 1885. The Washington Times)
The Washington times., 1935-10-14

'1t Is always the right, and
often the duty, of a trial Judge
to comment on the evidence,
and give the jury his impress
sion Of its weight and value"
This emphatic Endorsement Of
trial by jury at common law,
is given by the New Jersey
Court of Errors and Appeals,
in its unanimous decision, up
holding the conviction and SEN
tence to death of the kidnaper
Of the Lindbergh baby.
When every State in the
Union provides for the same
system Of trial by jury at COM
mon law that obtains in New
Jersey, there will be more JUS
tice and less crime throughout
the Union; there will be more
brave and honest judges, more
fair and fearless juries; there
will be fewer criminals, fewer
crooked lawyers and fewer
crooked politicians who aid and
abet crime by protecting Grim
inals.
The only reason why trial by
jury at common law is not now
provided for in every State in
the Union was revealed by the
only American who has been
both President and Chief JUS
tlce Of the United States.
NEEDED REFORMS
Replying to the request of a
st. Louis newspaper to recon-
mend the reforms most needed
in our criminal laws, Chief
Justice Taft, shortly before
his death, cited three. OF these
three the one on which he
placed the greatest emphasis
was the extension Of the sys-
tenn Of criminal prosecution
which has long existed in New
Jersey.
"Trial by jury at common
law, as defined by the Supreme
Court of the United States"
wrote Chief Justice Taft, was
a trial by a jury of twelve men
in the presence and under the
superintendent of a Judge en-
powered to instruct them on
the law and to advise them on
the facts, and, except on ac-
quittal of criminal charge, to
set aside their verdict, if, in
his opinion, it is against the
law or the evidence.
This is the trial by jury
that is now conducted in the
English courts. 1t is the trial
by jury that is now conducted
in the Federal Courts of the
United States.
'It emphasizes the necessity
for Superintendence and guild
ance by the judge not only in
the conduct of the trial and
The Washington times., 1935-10-14

being everything we detest?
How often have you heard
those questions asked-asked
them yourself? Seen the idol
of yesterday transformed into
the enemy of today. Yet still
you don't know the answer, do
you? D. H. Lawrence gave it.
years ago, in his Sons and
Lovers"
RIGHT to- CHANGE?
Pale, cool Gertrude Coppard
has fallen in love with great,
ruddy, laughing Walter Morel.
His carefree warmth h a s
charmed her-filled some need
in her which she did not know
existed. Her fragile refinement
has fascinated him. A lady lov-
ing a coal miner! For the
glamorous moment, social bar
riers do not seem to matter-so
they marry. And, for six months,
are happy. Then
Gradually she began to sense
the gulf between them. Moth
ing new in that. It happens in
every human relationship-that
sudden realization of the deeper
differences. Usually we accept
it. Make the best of a muddled
business. But in marriage, be-
cause Of it's awful intimacy,
we're not content with that. We
60 further. Feel we must.
So Gertrude began to try to
change her husband. 1t never
occurred to her that he might
not need to be changed-that
he fitted his own limitations and
environment as he was. Nor did
she ask herself whether he
wanted to be changed nor,
least of all, whether she had a
right to change him. Being a
lady-she reasoned to herself
she was obviously much superior
to a collier. Therefore it was
up to her to make him over. E.
and up to him to be eager and
grateful for the service.
A delightful theory but, alas.
1t didn't work. And never does!
The Washington times., 1935-10-14
The Greatest Show On Earth
By John Snure, Jr.

tinue the assault on the ex-
penditures of the Raw Deal.
Although searching for other
questions on tDhich to base at.
tGckS they find that the tar
payer of the present day is
eUer ready to hedrEen to the
cry OF tDdSte.
In the recent edition Of the
Republican propaganda sheet
there is an attack on the ap-
pointment of Frederic A. Delano
as head of a Central Housing
Committee to reorganize the
eight agencies dealing with
housing.
The Republicans say that
the Presidents uncle is to head
a new "coordinating agency"
but they contend:
'But nothing will be accom-
plished. No old jobs will be
sacrificed and new ones will
be created"
The criticism goes on to say
that:
"The jobs Of no Democratic
employees Of any Of the eight
housing agencies are in dan
ger"
Strangely enough, 1t Is in
the eight housing agencies that
"deSerUing Democrats" contend
are hired most OF the RepHo-
licanS.
Judge James Crawford Biggs,
former Solicitor General of the
United States, was recently dis
The Washington times., 1935-10-14
Listen World!
By Elsie Robinson

Walter refused to be changed.
The poor fellow, indeed, had
no alternative. He was what
he was. AS a turnip is what it
is. And there was in him neither
the desire nor the ability to
change his turnipnesS into a
fruit salad. But this Gertrude
could not see. And So
There began a battle between
the husband and wife-a fear
full, bloody battle that ended only
with the death of one. She
fought to make him undertake
his own responsibilities, to make
him fulfil his obligations. But
he was too different from her,
His nature was purely sensuouS,
and she strove to make him
moral, religious. She tried to
force him to face things. He
could not endure tit drove
him out Of his mind...
"The pity was, she was too
much his opposite. She could
not be content with the little
he might be; she would have
him the much that he ought to
be. So, in seeking to make him
nobler than he could be, she
destroyed him"
She destroyed him-and cut
off the roots of her own Joy
as well. He might have meant
much to her, done much for
her, if she had been willing to
let him be. For he had what
she needed-warmth, gaiety,
responsibility. In the first
beautiful insanity of their love-
she had seen this truth and
had the courage to grasp it.
But that had passed. The old,
poisonous sense of superiority
crept through her again-the
desire to dominate. Then she
blamed him and began to pun
iSh him for what he wasn't
telling herself that he had
failed her. wronged her
THE ANSWER
He hadn't. He was just what
he always had been. He was
all he could be. And blindly
he fought against her destroy.
ing will. Bitterly she fought
back. So love died.
There, if we had the sense
to see it and the bravery to
admit it, is the secret Of nine
tenths of our married misery.
Love offers us it's shining mira
Gle. For a brief, ecstatic hour
we accept and let that miracle
lift us out of ourselves and our
petty conception of things.
Then down swoops the old ego
tism, the old greed for power,
the old spite if we are crossed.
So Love dies.
Who killed it?
You'll never find that in the
. divorce record!
Copyright, 1885. by King Features
Syndicate. Inc.)
The Washington times., 1935-10-14

D. Max Gardner He nointad
out, however, that death came
to Long at the peak of his ca
reer.
Said Gardner;
''The trouble with most men
Is that they don't know when
to make a timely demise"
AS the stock market took an
upward squirt recently, oper-
ators watched the Federal Re
serve Board to determine
whether that organization would
take advantage of its power to
control a runaway market.
AS it happened, however, the
rise of securities was not SO
great as to cause controversy
except as to the power of the
board.
Under the acts adopted By
the Congress in the recent SeS-
sion and under the Glass bank
ing act of 1888 the board t1GS
empowered to control the mar
ket BY its handling of loans to
member banks.
There is a question, however.
as to the administration of the
power.
Some operators contend that
the administrative forces of the
Federal Reserve Board are not
sufficiently acquainted with
market conditions to exercise
judicial control. Others say
that they might make wise de-
ciSionS.
Until the time, however, when
the board actually puts its
power to the test the Wall
Street crowd are debating just
how far its administration Of
ficers will go and in what
direction.
~E1..... ....o.ao = oond dicfs nm.
The Washington times., 1935-10-14
The Human Side of the News
By EdUin C.. Hill

of July 16, 1918. They had been
made prisoners at the outbreak
of the Socialist revolution in
Russia. England requested that
they be sent out of the country,
but the mild KerenSky govern
ment replied that they were in
no danger.
With the seizure Of power by
Lenin, Trotzky, and their bloody
followers, the doom of the royal
family was sealed with exile to
Siberia as the first step in their
last mile to the execution
chamber.
TEMPERAMENTAL
Counter.revolution in Russia
was frequent back in 1918, one
Of the strongest threats against
Lenin being that Of Admiral
Kolchak. When his armies ad-
vanced in the Oral region, the
Communists of Ekaterinburg
decided that the Car and his
family must be killed.
The Commissar, Yourkovsky,
demanded that order be put in
writing, and 16 Communists
signed the death warrant. That
night Yourkovsky took the
seven into the cellar of his home.
A squad of soldiery was with
him.
He read the death warrant.
and as the Car stepped forward
to humble a few words, Your
kovsky shot him through the
head. A fusillade followed, and
the father, mother and their
five children were riddled by
the bullets. The bodies were
taken out, kerosene was poured
on them and a funeral pyre
made. Anastasia Tschaikowsky
says that this is true, but for
one particular, which is, that
one escaped and that one was
she.
Her story is that she was
wounded and left for dead.
Through the loyalty of a man,
who had become a Bolshevik to
save his life, she was smuggled
out Of the death chamber,
eventually making her escape
with him to Bucharest. She
married him, they had a son
and he, Tschaikowsky, was killed
in the Rumanian capital.
The Grand Duchess Anastasia
would be "a years old today.
The woman who claims to be
Anastasia was, at last reports,
in a Sanitarium in Germany.
While in America for three
Years, she proved to be a tenn.
peramental person, given to
quarreling even with those who
befriended her. such as the
Princess .Xenia. Her departure
from America in 1881 was secret.
Perhaps she will be back to
tell her story in the courts. It
would be dramatic recital, for
whether she is the Grand
Duchess or not, Nine Tschai-
kowsky is convinced that she is
and is able to convince others.
(Copyright, 1885. King Features
Syndicate. Inc.)
The Washington times., 1935-10-14
The City's Future

Unmpaired by the recent nation wide depression the
city of Washington vigorous and growing stands today
on the threshold of of increased prosperity and
contentment.
Leader of the municipalities of the country this COM
munty occupies position of influence of stability and
of prospective development which well might make it
the envy of the world.
AS THE CENTER OF THE GOVERNMENTAL CON-
Germs OF GREAT PEOPLE THE DISTRICT OF
COLUMBIA ATTRACTS AND RETAINS THAT
WHICH IS BEST IN THE LIVES OF THOSE
PEOPLE.
The District first appears in population statistics in
the year 1800 when it had population of approximately
$4,000 and struggling village
The grOUth to its present population of more
than half million has been steady and UithOUt
interruption.
WITHOUT A SETBACK IN THE PAST THE COM
MUNITY MAY LOOK FORWARD TO FUTURE
EQUALLY SERENE.
Even though the people resident in the community
should lose their civic pride (an impossible supposon)
the great strength and the great pride and patriotism
of the Nation would carry it progressively forward.
Great changes in the population have taken place in
the past notably with each change Of the national ad
mnistraton but the changes have not altered inter
fered with the development of the city.
The same will be true to the future -admnistra-
tions will change and there will be alterations in the
population but the alterations will be merely the
face the underlying character and ability Of the people
remaining the same.
Spiritually, patriotcally and economically the COM
munity knows only one type of change-and that is
FORWARD.
The strain and pain of war, the contentment and
happiness Of peace this city has shared with the Nation
of which it is the center.
But out of each period whether Of peace war; the
National Capital has arisen greater city and better
and happier place in which to live
EACH ERA OF THE NATIONS HISTORY HAS
ADDED TO THE GLORY OF THE CITY AND AS
THE NATION MARCHES FORWARD TO RE-
NEWED AND HAPPIER PERIOD WASHINGTON
WILL BE FOUND IN THE LEAD.
The Washington times., 1935-10-14

I e d us S o
deeply a few
weeks since,
infuriate u S
so to d a y?
w h a t has
happened to
them? And
how coul d
they so de-
ceive us-hid-
ing their real
natures until
they had us
tie d ia S t,
then deliber.
ately doing
a " a rxrfhinO
The Washington times., 1935-10-14
RomanOff Survivor

hOmanOff Survivor
~ am the daughter and the
sole surOiVing heir at IaW and
next of kin of the late Nicholas
II. My father and my mother,
Empress Alexandria; my brother,
Alexis, and my three sisters,
Olga, TGtiGnG and Marie, were
killed in my presence at Ekater-
inburs, Siberia.
"ISigned)
"AnostasiG TschGikowsky."
"We hereby declare ourselOes
firmly convinced that the Wo.
man bearing the name Of Nine.
TschGikowsky is certainly not
the Grand Duchess Andstdsia
NieOLGieUnG.
(Signed)
Grand Duchess Xenf0
Grand Duchess Olga
Grand Duke Din1itri
Grand Duke Alexander"
The question now Is what
will the courts Of the State Of
New York say. Toward the
end of this month they will
hear both sides of the argu-
ment. On their decision will
hinge the disposal of $15,000.-
600, the estate here and abroad
of the late Gar Nicholas.
The property at present is in
the keeping Of the State and
has been since 1925, when
Prince Serge Georgevich Ro-
manovsky, a cousin Of the
royal family, requested that
the public administrator be ap-
pointed supervisor Of the eS-
tate.
MANY SUPPORTERS
Many persons believe that
Nine. Anastasia Tschaikowsky
is what she claims to be: the
youngest daughter Of Car
Nicholas II and the sole sur
vivor of that unSpeakable
butchery in the cellar at Ekaterin-
burg. Among these the most
prominent has been the Prin-
cess Xenia of Greece, former
wife of William B. Leeds.
She had played with the
Cars children as a little girl
and so sure was she that the
woman was the Grand Duchess
Anastasia that she had her
here as her guest in 1928.
Young Mr.. Leeds himself was
convinced of her identity and
said at the time that there
was to be no effort to prove
it or to seek the Cars estate
for her.
Another supporting her claims
was Gleb e. Botkin, son Of the
personal physician to the Rus
sian royal family. who lost his
life at the hands of the Com.
munistS about the same time as
the massacre of his patrons.
History and the Bolshevists, as
we'll as the relatives of the Gar,
dispute her claims.
The story which the world ac-
cepts is that Nicholas, his wife,
his son and his four daughters
were put to death on the night
The Washington times., 1935-10-14

amazed him. Judge Dc C' bigsS
"AnyOne can write a story
about some great event. 1t
takes a newspaperman to make
something out of nothing, how
ever"
Judge BigoS, before his reStg-
nation SeUerGl months ago t01S
interested in the presentation OF
the gold case and other matters
1Dhich many obSerUerS constd-
cred "mdkino something out OF
nothing"
1895. The Washington Times)
The Washington times., 1935-10-14

cussing t h e
work Of news
papermen of
the National
Capital.
The judge,
who has just
taken ov e r
one o + t h e
show places
of Washing
ton as h i S
r e S j d e n ce,
said t h e r e
was one phase
of newspaper
W ork which
The Washington times., 1935-10-14
Words of Wise Men

In every adversely Of fortune,
to have been happy is the most
unhappy kind of MISFORTUNE
PoethiuS.
Who best can suffer, best can
do: best reign, who first well
hath obeyed-Milton.
Let them obey that know not
how to rule.-ShakeSpearO.
The Washington times., 1935-10-14

death Of the
late Senator
H u e y P.
Long.
Big, tcbac-
co-ch ewing
Gardner. who
has held sew
eral import
ant posts in
t h e Govern
ment, a d.
mitted that
the death of
the 'Kingfish'
W a S regret
table.
The Washington times., 1935-10-14

A man should never be
ashamed to own he has been in
the wrong, which is but saying.
in other words, that he Is wiser
today than he was yesterday
Swift.
AS man is now constituted, to
be brief is almost a condition OF
being inspired. - George San
tayana.
The Washington times., 1935-10-14

o. Max Gardner, former
governor of North Carolina,
recently was discussing the
The Washington times., 1935-10-14
OLD FAVORITES

AUf WIedeTSeten james Russell LOUeL
The little gate reached at last,
Half hid in liacs down the lanes
She pushed it wide, and, she passed,
A wistful look she backward cast,
And said, "Auf wiedersehen!"
Sweet piece of bashful maiden art!
The English words had seemed too fain,
But these-they drew heart to heart,
Yet held tenderly apart; ...
She said, ''Auf wiedersehen!"
Reuders vted to send to the editor their suooes-
tions of old favores among the poems for reprtinS in
this spccsl
The Washington times., 1935-10-14

What's this dreadful change
which comes with marriage?
Why do the persons who salts
The Washington times., 1935-10-14

In Seeking to Change Love
We Destroy It
The Washington times., 1935-10-14

Still they try to force this planet
To conform to their weird theories.
Still they try to make it follow
Their befuddled instructions.
Evening star., 1935-04-17
The Guard Armory.

In their letter to Secretary of War
Dern the Commissioners call his
attention to the long-felt need here
for suitable housing for the District
National Guard-a matter emphasized
more than once by the War Depart
ment-and express the strong hope
that District armory will be in
cluded in any list of such projects
that may be authorized with public
works funds.
1t is still uncertain whether work.
relief funds will be so utilized for the
country at large. But it is comforting
to believe that the District National
Guard, at any rate, will have two
friends at court when expenditure of
such funds for guard armories comes
up for discussion. In addition to
efforts that may be made by Secretary
Dern, local guard armory is still
definitely under consideration by the
Interior Department in connection
with the plans for proper treatment
of the area at the end of East Capitol
street. these plans also including a
projected stadium, athletic and drill
field.
Last November public works grant
of $4,000 was set aside for study of
the project and a committee selected
under the craftsmanship of c. Mar
shall Finnan, superintendent of the
Office of National Parks. The COM
Uittee was authorized to engage the
Evening star., 1935-04-17

services of expert consultants, and
thus far one of three, a landscape
architect, has been chosen. The two
others, an engineer and an architect,
are expected to be appointed soon.
1t will be fortunate If the selection
of the consultants can be expedited
and the necessary preliminary surveys
made. If this project, which would
provide employment on such worth
while undertaking, is to be gotten
under way within the next year 1t
will be necessary to have the sur
veys completed within q few months.
That ought to be possible with the
early engagement of the consultants.
Evening star., 1935-04-17
Pedestrians Do Not
Always Get the Breaks
70 the Editor of The Star:

To the Editor OF The Star:
AS daily walker to business. permit
me TO state that the pedestrian does
not always get his breaks, often not
even his rights. He cannot cross some
OF the city streets with perfect safety
even though zealously obeying the
green and red light signals. The
really safest time to cross some Of the
streets seems to be during the lull just
before the red light changes to green.
BY that time the rush has gone and
no right or left hand turner's have
started.
At Scott Circle the safety of those
who would continue on Sixteenth
who, with perfect right. turn off the
circle into either of the intersecting
avenues
At Thirteenth street and Massachu-
sets avenue the green-hght safety
element is greatly minimized by the
automobiles which turn from Mas
sachusetts avenue into Thirteenth or
vice versa. OF course. turns have to
be made and pedestrians must cross
on the green light, IS We all know,
but for the subject Of consideration
have more than once been fully three
fourths across Thirteenth street when
a south bound auto would come
rapidly down Thirteenth, turn left on
MasSa achusetts avenue in front of me,
hazardous turn, giving me no op-
portunity to cross the remaining one
fourth of the crossing.
OF course. the question Is q large
one, and like all large ones presents
many angles for solution. This letter
Is not to blame any one, but only to
say that the pedestrian, even when
conscientiously obeying the signals,
has his problems, and at times can
not help crossing on the red; can
not, in fact. cross on the green. True,
when our numbers are great enough
to give us safety, such as on Satur-
day afternoons, we rebel. for We are
only human and We remember the
selfish motorists who have blocked our
right to cross, leaving us stranded in
the middle of dangerous street. We
remember the pell nell rushes of
motorists with their sudden stops
within an inch Of us, who shock us
almost as badly as they would hurt
us were We hit. We also remember
the kindly consideration of a motorist
who motions for us to go forward and
who waits for us, and We all know
that consideration begets conSidera-
ton. RILLIS K. SKILES.