davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Waterbury Democrat., 1935-10-08
PRESIDENT HAS BUILT DEFENSE
 AGAINST WARS
May Avert Repetition of Disaster That Occurred
 in World Battle
BY HOBART c. MONTEE rr.tt~A wwm~~ GAa~ f,m~rnumnv.Anv,t


 Washington, Oct. 8 - CUP) - Tn contrast to 1914, President Roosevelt was considered by officials today to have built an almost in- pregnable defense against war-as far as the United States is concern ed-at the very outset of the Italo- Ethiopian conflict.
 They believed that the series of neutrality edicts issued by the president over the weekend would avert a repetition of the situation which developed in this country be- tween 1914 and 1917, and which finally drew America into the World War. The present situation in this country is almost exactly the re- verse of the position existing soon after the World War began.
 Took Safest Course
 Ihereas in 1914 this government took the position that Americans were entitled to trade with either or any of the belligerents, and finally went to war itself to main- tain that right, President Roosevelt has taken the position at the out set of the present conflict that the safest course is to have no business whatever with any nation at war.
 He also warned Americans that they should stay away from ships of belligerent nations. In this case the warning applied only to Italian ships, inasmuch as Ethiopia has neither ports nor ships.
 The Johnson act forbidding the fotation of credits or loans in this country by governments which are in default on their debts to the off Isalian government credit in this country. Ethiopia has no established credit here, 50 far as could be as- certained from state department records.
 Faults of Old War
 rn the 1914-17 period the activi- ties most directly responsible for pl-hing the United States into the World War were:
 1. American sale of arms, muni- tions and supplies of all kinds to the allied government.
 2. Financial transactions by American banks with the allied governments.
 :. Insistence by the American gover nment on its neutrality rights" particularly the right of ships to carry supplies otl.er than those considered actual munitions" to tee allied countries.
 4. Insistence by this government on the right of American nationals to travel on the ships of any na- tion, so long as those ships were not actually transporting munitions.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1935-10-08
Registration for Adult Education Classes Disappointing

cans from control of the Taxpayers League.
 Vets in tn Lead
 On the question of liquor sales, bone drys won out at Trlmbull and Chaplin and vets chalked up 12 towns, in addition to Kent and Woodbridge which voted for beer only.
 The defeat of democratic Mayor Joseph H. Duton, seeking his sixth term at Bristol, was hailed as one of the most encouraging republican victories, indicating the city trend. The successful candidate Joseph w. Harding, boiled a majority greater than given President Coolidge in 1924.
 The Young Republican movement, recently organized, was credited with making the most gains. The democratic younger element has not yet reached the same basis of or- ganization and independent, labor and socialist movements mainly were directed against that party.
 Big Cities Vote To-day
 The first of the big cities went to the polls to-day at Waterbury, where Lieutenant-G Governor Frank Hayes, democrat, seeks reelection and is opposed by a republican and independent democratic ticket. The other cities, Hartford, New Haven, Meriden and Bridgeport, will cast their ballots in November.
 The Waterbury election cropped up as one of the most bitter in the state. John M. Burrall, 8 manufac- turer, is the republican candidate and Roger V. Connor the independ-
The Waterbury Democrat., 1935-10-08

Registration for the adult educa-. ton classes at the headquarters in Crosby High school was reported to be somewhat less than had been ex- pected to-day. The office, was open from g to 12 o'clock this morning and from 2 to 5 o'clock in the after noon for the registration of pros- pective students in the educational program sponsored by the WPA.
 Most of those registering this morning were students in the class es last year, according"to Miss Edna Harmon, assistant director of the To- cal WPA educational program, A
The Waterbury Democrat., 1935-10-08
Interest In Election Day Takes Spotlight
 In Public's Interest
Reports of Local Representatives of WPA Staff ln' dicate Temporary Lack of Interest Community
 Groups Show Appreciation of Opportunities

number of community groups which had organized classes last year have again registered. Miss Harmon said. Registration was believed to have been considerably retared be- cause of the election.
 The office will be open to pros- pective students each day this week at the same hours. Registrations may also be made by telephone. The majority of the courses will be given in school buildings, but class es will also be conducted in com- munity buildings and in some cases in private homes. The program will begin Monday night.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1935-10-08

Trial of the 10000 civil action of Victoria MohrhuSen of Forest Hills, L. l., against Laube Interstate, Inc, of Waterbury got undnerway before Judge Newell Jennings and jury of Il men in superior court to-day. The eleven-man jury was accept able to counsel for both sides when the panel was exhausted.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1935-10-08

undertake to subject the aggressor nation immediately to severance of all trade or financial relations, to prohibit all intercourse by their na- tions with nations of the aggressor, to prevent all financial, commercial or personal intercourse not only be- tween their own nations and those of the aggressor but between the covenant breaking state and nation als of any other state, members or not-such as the United States, Japan, Germany and Brazil.
 Many delegates favored an agree ment, for a start, not to buy any goods from Italy. This would grad ually deprive her of foreign ex- change-already 8 problem--and prevent her, ultimately, from buy ing raw materials in sufficient na- tions cooperated.
 The thirteen nations who voted in the council to declare Italy an ag- gressor bound themselves by the vote to join in penalties. They are Argentina, Australia. Chile, Dem mark, Ecuador, France, Great Bri- tain, Poland, Portugal, Rumania, Spain, Turkey and Russia.
 Penalty Committee
 The big penalties committee to be appointed by the assembly will operate under an assembly resolu- tion of 1921. Providing the steps to be taken to insure cooperation of non-member states. Therefore the league may seek the support of the United States Japan, Germany and Brazil.
 The first step toward seeking this cooperation was taken last night, immediately after the council vote, when the United States government was notified that the text of the committee, reports on which the council acted, and the minutes Of its own meeting, would be broad cast on the leagues wireless. and was asked to pick up the broadcast on the governments station at An napolis, as was done during the Manchurian crisis.
 It was believed that similar noti- fications were addressed to other non-league states.
 As for the United States, league leaders believe that President Roosevelt by his neutrality proc lamations already has taken the most effective penalties against Italy, in establishing an arms en1- bargo and foregoing the right to protect United States citizens who trade with Italy,
The Waterbury Democrat., 1935-10-08
TOWNS PLOTTED
 BACK,THIS YEAR

Continued from Page l.)
The Waterbury Democrat., 1935-10-08
SHOE STORE OWNED 70 YEARS

Concord, Mass. (UP) - Frank Pierce, 85, recently celebrated his roth anniversary as proprietor of a shoe store in Concord's business district. He and his wife observed their golden wedding anniversary not long ago.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1935-10-08
ITALY HAS ONLY CONTEMPT FOR
 PENALTY PLAN
Five More Shipb0ards of Men and Materials on
 Way Is Her Answer
By STEWART BROWN (COpyright 1895 by United Press

Rome, Oct. -(UPl--- Official spokesmen declared their contemp- tuous indifference today to the sanctions of the League of Nations Five additional shiplcads of men and material were ordered to Africa immediately.
 The action and the words seemed to dispel the last hope that Benito Mussolini would be satisfied witt. capture of Aduwa, where 10000 Ital- ians were routed by Philippians 39 years ago, and heed the advice of the rest of the world to seek peace.
 The foreign office spokesman (Mussolini is his own foregn minis- ter) refused to comment on the declaration by the League of Na- tions' concil that Italy has outlawed itself by treaty violation. He said Mussolini stated the country's atti- tude toward league action definitely and finally last Wednesday. He re- ferred, apparently, to the declara- tion:
 ITO economic sanctions we shall answer with our discipline, our spirit of sacrifice, our obedience. To military sanctions we shall answer with militarism.. To acts of war we shall answer with acts of war"
 The martial temper of the coun- try was unmistakably evidenced to- day in assembly of 30,000 young Fascists for review by Mussolini in celebration of an anniversary of founding of the Fascist regime. Streets of Rome were filled until late in the night by shouting, marching, singing merrymakers still celebrating the fall of Aduwa.
 Scores of improvised floats carried caricatures of Emperor Halle Selassi of Ethiopia in undignified positions, youths and girls waved cardboard placards carrying the words Rome ---Aduwa---Addis Ababa!"
 Loaded Ships Start
 AS the demonstrants shouted and laughed, five ships, loaded with men, livestock and materials of war slip- ped out of Naples for Eritrea and Italian Somaliland. It was perhaps significant, in view of rumors of pestilence among African troops, that 8 large part of the men de- parting today were of the sanitation corps.
 The foreign office awaited calmly amid the popular excitement for an official transcription of the anti Italian report adopted unanimously last night by the league council.
 Economic sanctions, the foreign office spokesman said. will have no effect. Unanimous world action in such situation is impossible. he said, and Italy expects no difficulty in buying essential goods from friendly nations. He would not specify what nations he expected to be friendly.
 Financial sanctions, he said, have for practical purposes been opera tive a considerable time because of the alarm of investors at the proS- pect of war. He said Italy is able to finance itself internally and does not fear international action.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1935-10-08

ent democratic candidate.
 While Connor"s vote was not ex- pected to be heavy, both parties were wary of the effect he might have on their majorities. Fairly heavy voting was reported early in the day.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1935-10-08

(COntinued from Page IJ 6pfague, Southington, Stonington, Eaot Lyme. Putnam, Norwich. Kill ingly. Killingsworth, Bristol, Morris, Durham. Cornwall. West Haven. Litchlicld, Beacon Falls, 0laston- bury, Milford. and Brooklyn.
 Danbury was wrested by republic
, 1935-08-28
" WILLING FOR
ITALY TO INVADE

PARIS, Aug. 28. R-The French
cabinet Wednesday empow ar "a
Premier Laval 10 oppose the pH-
cation OF sanctions by the League
OF Nations against Italy I'm Its con-
flict with Ethiopia.
In q four-hour session, the cab
met heard LAval's plan 20 induce
the league council TO regard am
Italian war against Ethiopia as n
colonial" expedition.
The premier. 10 was learned from
a responsible source, has been Civ
en- q virtually free hand to nego-
tiate the settlement at Geneva,
the ministers were reported agreed
that II was imperative for France
to retain the friendship OF both
Italy and Great Britain. but that
III was important To save the league
from n loss or prestige by attempt
ing q program which French au.
thorittes said they thought was i'm
possible.
The premier, II was understood.
told the cabinet that England was
less determined to act drastically
and realizes the danger OF the
Italian stand that sanctions mean
war"
Hope for a solution. Laval was
said 10 have told the ministers. was
frightened by II Duce's agreement
TO present the case nc Geneva. in
di>ating IN desire 10 avoid IN break
with the league or the big powers.
, 1935-08-28
TAXPAYERS TO
Save $4,000
Valuations Slice Lightens
Load Although County
Levy Increased

II the s~tate-county tax rate re-
mains at s1B4ls. m increase OF
gla cents over this year. as tenta-
lively approved by the commission
ers' court Monday afternoon, Cam
eron county property owners VIII
pay approximately $4,000 less In
state-c0unty taxes than they were
assessed this year.
The reduced taxes In the face OF
en- increased rate result from q
slice OF approximately 100000 In
county valuations.
With N SITS st~ate-county rate
and valuations Of s34.828.o00 this
year, taxes Of 1881 ,007 were assess
ed. with the new sl64i5 rate and
valuations OF s3l.5O0.O00 they viii
be assessed approximately $568,825.
The state tax rate has been cut
to cents from w to 81. and indi-
cations are that the county rate
will he increased 24h cents from
SO To $l.224.
The commissioners court has
found 1t necessary to raise the in
terest and sinking fund levy from
As cents To 70A, but this figure Is
still subject 70 approval OF Austin
officials. This hike OF 24h cents
was necessary to provide an addi-
tional $4,000 on the county's
bonded debt. This was caused by
the interest rate going back to five
percent from three under the re-
funding agreement entered into
three years ago.
TIE maintenance and operation
levy was held at 81 cents after a
heated debate IN the commission
ers' court. County Auditor l..
O'Bryan recommended shat the
figure be set nc 81 cents, while
County Judge o. g. Dancy and
Commissioner j. F. Baughn Of
Harrington commended for a levy of
SO cents. The rate was finally set
at SO cents, the same as last year.
but Il will raise less in taxes due
to reductions In valuations.
There has been some indication
that the So per cent rate win be
changed to 524. and the 7o5 cent
interest and sinking fund levy still
lacks final approval OF the state
board Of county road bond indebt-
ednesS.
The slight reduction I'm the tax
burden was effected through slicing
the valuations on irrigated lands
20 percent and valuations ON other
land 10 percent. 10 is expected
that the valuations viii be s3l $780,
600 as compared to $34,628.000.
, 1935-08-28
Especial to The Herald)

AUSTIN, Aug. 20. 49, The sec
ond honorary degree ever award
ed by the University Of Texas wa
conferred on John Nance Car
ner, vice president OF the United
States, at the eighteenth annual
summer commencement OF that
institution Monday, August 20.
The degree was that OF doctor OF
laws, and was conferred on the
vice president in absentia- In
1928 the honorary doctor Of laws
degree was conferred on r. T..
Vinson, who has Just resigned as
president Of the University.
In comforting the degree, ID.
r. Y. Benedict, president OF the
university eulogized the vice
president as follows:
"At their last meeting, the re-
gents Of the University OF Texas
departed from a fixed custom Of
the university and unanimously
voted TO confer the honorary de-
rec OF doctor OF laws upon John
Nance Garner, Of Uvalde, Texas,
and Washington. ID. g. Because
they did not wish either 70 in
terrupt his work at this particu-
lar juncture or to postpone the
conferring OF this degree, the re-
gents stnl further departed from
, 1935-08-28
John Garner Gets Honorary
Degree of Doctor of Laws

general custom by voting unani-
mously to confer the degree In
absentia nc this commencement.
He Is particularly Texan, by
birth and by nature, and his
highly intelligent modesty. COM
bined with q very unusual sup
ply Of common sense, ripened by
years OF congressional experience,
has resulted successfully and de-
servedly IN his election to the
speakership Of the house Of rep
resentatives and to the vice
presidency or the United States.
These high offices he has filled
SO well that he is now being re-
warded by q nationwide and
rapidly increasing confidence and
esteem,
without exceeding the powers
or this office, by virtue OF his in
trinsic merit and strength. he has
shown us how very useful that Of
flee can be &C N critical time when
difficult and vitality important leg
islation Is under consideration by
the congress Of the United States.
For this reason he amply deserves
the honorary degree OF doctor OF
laws, which. departing from the
custom OF this institution. I now
confer upon him In absentia by
authority OF the board Of regentS.r
, 1935-08-28
Kidnaper Escapes

HUNTSVILLE, Aug. %. Up
Jack Ravens, 81. kidnaper and rob-
Der. escaped from the Darlington
prison farm Tuesday, prison OFF,
Gals revealed wednesday.
Lee Simmons. general manager OF
the prison system. said he was un-
able to give details Of Ravens es-
cape. as the report made to him was
meager, but that he thought II
possible that he ran from q cons
truction gang"
Ravens, originally from winches-
ter, Ill. was under sentence OF
IS wars IN eight cases from Nc
Lehman. Tarrant and Parker coun-
ties. He had served but four months
The cases included kidnapping for
extortion. kidnapping. robbery. rob-
berry with fire arms and theft over
$50.
, 1935-08-28
3 LII OF FIR <
#. ~ ~ W. NJ
HITS AND ROLLS
" NJ # AZ ~
HIGHWAY

one OF the queerest freaks TX
nature. a ball OF fire. was viz
messed during the thunder Showuf
end electrical disturbance Mon
cay BY a Pan-American passenger
truck driver.
The driver. Enrique Hernandez.
had Just turned onto the Boca
Chica highway from l4th street
when he heard q loud report from
thunder, and saw IN ball Of fise
roll across the highway In front
OF him.
The fire, Hernandez told air.
part authorities, rolled across the
highway and struck a palm tree.
where 1t exploded and burst into
fAanIes. The palm was badly burn
eel. and the result was similar To
the effect OF a lightning strike.
Weather Observer w. ]. Sch
nLrbusch could not be reached at
his office Tuesday afternoon for
d. explanation OF the freak.
, 1935-08-28
Selassie Attempting To
. = y = y = = = =
Teach Natiues Gas Masks
y
Are Not Faces of Devils

resulting from the heavy drop Of
the thaler amidst preparations for
the impending hostilities. the en-
peror arose Wednesday before dawn
TO consult his brain trust" headed
by Everett Andrew Colson, shrewd,
tirtiess, taciturn Maine Yankee.
Colson Is generally credited witn
having inspired the well-balanced
restrained policy OF the emperor II
not provoking Italy during the
mounting crisis and also in calming
the fiery tribal chiefs who are
clamortng for action
Colson came here In 1880 prtmar-
ily as financial adviser to the gov
eminent after such exps-e2ce I'm
the Philippines and Haiti. The
emperor was so impressed by his
ability, judgment and tact that his
position has since been greatly
trUadened.
In addition 70 dealing with the
intricate matters OF finance affecs-
ing mobilization and maintenance
Cf field armies as well as super
vision.
, 1935-08-28
MARKETS
NEW O r STOCKS

NEW YORK. Aug. 2S.-R- The
stock market still felt the weight or
profit taking and selling Wednes-
day but found enough support on
dips TO keep fluctuations within q
narrow range.
With the exception Of q few spe-
c!aities that moved in a wider area,
active shares settled down to a
ouIet backing and filling pace with
IN striking distance either way or
Tuesdays finals, after recovering
from q sinking spell during the first
hour that sent leaders a point or
more lower under heavy offering.
The commodity trend followed the
same general pattern. Wheat ana
other grains edged forward for srnau
gains at the opening but slipped
back later. Cotton conceded most
OF its early modest Improvement
bit also displayed no disposition 70
get out Of hand.
Corporate bonds leaned backward
but u. s. governments showed some
Improvement Foreign exchanges
were quiet
Stocks that found support when
under pressure wednesday includ-
ed a long List OF industrials. utilities
and metals that were prominent IN
the break Of Tuesday. Among these
were N. s. Steel, Bethlehem, Otis
Steel, American Telephone, Con-
sclidated Gas. western Union. New
York Central. Santa Fe, Chrysler,
General Motors and J. ]. Case.
Lacking concrete news to account
for the behavior OF the list. tech
nscians still chung to the theory
that II was q corrective movement:
long overdue.
, 1935-08-28
GOLD suit BAN

Continued from Page CEej
existing situation. BY the time
congress meets again, ne said. the
situation would be changed and
therefore everything Is all right.
He did express a little disappoint-
ment that the resolution failed to
include any power over loans to
warning countries.
The president said he also wous:
sign shortly the Guffey bill to e.
tablish NRA wage and hour stand
ards in the bituminous industry.
He agreed with information IN
Official quarters Tuesday that II
would not be possible to distribute
now any Of the benefit payments
provided by the defeated deficiency
appropriation bill carrying funds
for the social security program.
He was hopeful Of setting I'D the
administrative machinery TO put
this vast undertaking in operation
as soon as congress can authorize
the money In January.
However, after consultation with
Comptroller General McCarl anu
congressional leaders, he said no
legal way had been found 50 far 70
make the intended benefit pay
ments for crippled children. depend
ent widows and the Old age pensions.
, 1935-08-28
Nuevo Laredo Mayor
Is Back In Saddle

LAREDO, Aug. 81. Up Nuevo
Laredo, across the Rio Grande from
here, had only n city administra-
ton Tuesday.
For the past month the Mexican
town had operated under two. one
pro and the other aati-Rafael
VilIareal, the governor Of the
state OF Tamaulipas. who resigned
recently. Tuesday. the opposition TO
Mayor Martin Herrera collapsed
with his recognition by the new
governor, Enrique Canseco.
Herrera named a full slate Of new
CITY officials. Governor Canseco
changed district attorneys.
, 1935-08-28
Sir Malcolm Arrives
With Mind On War

NEW YORK. Aug. ~. --VPp- Sir
Malcolm Campbell. British automo-
bile speedster. arrived Tuesday on
the liner Majestic. locking for a 300
m. d. n. record. but deeply perturb-
ed about Britain's infringement In
the possible Italo- Ethiopian war.
He feels SO strongly about the
situation ne said he didn't know
whether he had the right 10 come
over here In quest Of a record fast
CIR than 276.8l6 III. p. H. He drove
his 2.500 horse power Bluebird over
the sands Of Daytona Beach, Fla
last February. AT any rate. he's
anxious to get back home.
, 1935-08-28
Fishing Good
Especial 20 The Heraldl

DEL MAR. Aug. %. - Spanish
mackerel. speckled trout, and tar
pom, were cought off the south Jet
ties and some reddish were caught
in the surf Tuesday. according &c
reports made by anglers here.
Many persons fishing on the Jet
ties lost bats and lines 70 tarpcn
which were present In considerable
numbers. Three Of them were land
ed.
Glenn Dennis Ct Brownsville land
ed a 6-foot 5-inch tarpon from
the lefty. This is the largest tarpon
reported landed in coastal waters
this season. Dennis also caught Il
Spanish mackerel.
Mack CANNON and Ted Lam
dern Of McAllen also caught a tar
pom each.
Other catches reported we're BOZ
Crow OF Brownsville, 16 specklec
trout; Tex Brown Of Jettyville, one
Jewish; willard West and Barber
Todd OF Brownsville, rs specklec
trout and Spanish mackerel; A
Benny and party. q Spanish mack
erel: Gerald Adams OF Browns
Vile, % speckled trout.
The water is clear and light
northeast wind blowing.
, 1935-08-28
Hurricanes Cause
Told BY Johnson

A general explanation Ct the
cause and behavior OF hurricanes
was made at the Lions clubs weekly
luncheon-meeting at the Hotel FL
Jardin Tuesday by q. w. johnson,
In charge Of the accounting depart
ment OF Pan-American Always.
Mr.. Johnson explained the cause
Of storms, why they travel In q
general northeasterly direction and
their circular movement. He also
explained barometric preSsures In
areas near the path Of the disturb
ance.
Commander Slaymaker presented
two numbers On the accordion.
Members OF the club we're urged
to attend the group meeting Thurs
day night at San Benito.