davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1935-09-06

ica's desire for peace. Experience
clearly teaches the need for such q
program and policy. The record now
uncovered by the Munitions Investi-
eating Committee Is SO positive a
warning that America ought to con-
slider its problem No. l that of how
| to keep out Of the wars of other peo-
pie. With our economic structure
completely broken down by the last
such war: with death, despair, debt
and destruction our reward for par
ticipation in 1t, how can we consider
any problem more important than
that Of keeping out Of another war?
After the last war was over, Presi-
dent Wilson told us about its causes
Speaking in 1919, he cast aside the
beautiful phrases about making the
world safe for democracy and ending
war, and bluntly declared that the
war was "a commercial and industrial
war;" and mot political war" It
will be necessary to look to the record
to know of some Of the things which
caused Wilson to speak as he did, to
face some cold, cruel facts which have
been buried in darkness all too long,
to be frank with ourselves before an
other war, as Wilson was frank after
the last one. Facts, however cruel
they may be, ought to help us avoid,
another time, that selfishneSs which
had 120,000,000 people offering their
all to insure security for the invest
ments of a few.
To state that America went into the
last war to help American commercial
and banking interests Is in itself
too bold a statement to command q
hearing. It is necessary to 60 further
and state the step-by-step course
through which these commercial and
banking interests led us to war.
Dates From Sarajevo.
In listening to experience we first
of all bark back to Sarajevo, which
was not wholly different from the
present Italian-Ethiopian mess. Then
we see all Europe plunged into war,
just as she might very easily be again
by what is now an engagement alone
between two nations. one strong. one
weak. We recall how this titanic
conflict in 1914 and 1915 at once
created a new market for American
munitions. The record now shows
that our Government, seriously bent
upon maintaining neutrality, gave
thought to the matter of these NUM-
lions sales and financing. The State
Department, confronted by the fact
that the British blockade was pre-
venting American supplies getting to
Germany, observed the tremendous
growth of trade with the Allies and
then pronounced to the world:
"A neutral government is not COM
PEELED to prevent these sales to q
belligerent. Such sales " = . do not
in the least affect the neutrality OF
the United States"
Naturally, since the Central Powers
could not get supplies from us, such
neutrality as we were showing caused
CONSERVATION and strained relations
Ambassador Girard from Germany
advised Washington by cable as fol-
| lows:
! Universal, very bitter, and in
creaSing feeling in Germany because
of reported sale by Americans of mu-
nitions to Allies"
But America, seeing its trade with
the Allies increased 800 per cent
couldn't think of altering its neutral
ity policy however bitter the Central
Powers might be- Besides. it was main
| tanned, if we were to change our
policy then it would constitute an
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1935-09-06

and q cablegram by our Ambassador
at London to his Government in WASH
ington. I should like to read them in
their entirety, but my time for this
broadcast will not permit.
Helplcssness Pleaded.
When Germany protested our ship
ments and help to the Allies and
urged an embargo on arms to all the
belligerents, our State Department
pleaded Its helplessneSs by answering
Germany as follows:
1.-The placing of an embargo on the
trade in arms at the present time
would constitute a direct VIOLA
ton Of the neutrality of the United
States"
ALI because we had no neutrality
policy before the war broke. AS it
was, to be truly neutral after the war
came was an unneutral act in itself.
Preposterous! It ought to be suffi-
Gent warning to us to see to 1t that
we have a genuine neutrality policy
before Europe blows up again.
1t ought here to be pointed out that
our business with the Allies during
those so-called neutral days was actu-
ally making us part of the Allied
cause. Andre Tardied, premier OF
France, later wrote, concerning our
loans and credits to the Allies, and I
quote him:
From that time on, whether de-
sired or not, the victory Of the Allies
became essential to the United States, p"
The letter by Secretary Lansing. of
which have spoken, addressed &c the
President, is dated September 6, 1915.
It indicates so clearly what We must
now do If We would avoid our expe-
rience of then again. In it the
Secretary points out the considered
necessity of floating Government loans
for the Allies. He feels this is neces-
Sary If we are to avoid a serious
financial situation. He states the
splendid trade balance coming to us
from the Allies; declares that balance
to be $4,000. 100000. then he points
out that
IF the European countries cannot
find means to pay" this trade balance,
they will have to stop buying and
our present export trade will shrink
proportionately. The result would
be restriction of outputs. industrial
depression, idle capital and idle labor.
numerous failures, financial demorali-
1ofior opd oaporol ,,nract opd emf
fering among the laboring classes"
Wanted to Wink at Policy.
Secretary Lansing evidently forgot
that if We did lose this war trade we
would only be having to 60 back to
what year before was a normal
trade. But he goes on in his letter
to say that the only way to meet
the emergency is to wink at our pro-
nounced neutrality policy about loans
and permit the Allies to float large
bond issues in America. 1.-The result,
he said, would be maintenance of
the credit of the borrowing nations. -
He goes on in his letter:
I'm October, 1884, after a con-
ference with you, I gave my impress
sionS' to certain New York bankers
in reference to credit loans"
| All, now we begin to see how closely
Morgan kept to the thinking Of those
who were providing our neutrality in
those hours. But back to the letter
Lansing points out that the declara-
ton against loans is now "a source
of embarrassment" Embarrassment
to whom? Why. to those who were
| drinking profits from Europe's flow
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1935-09-06

trenches was Of far less consequence
than panic would be, for some few
people, I suppose.
munications and you will find therein
not one word of solicitation about
the men who would have to sacrifice
their lives; about the homes that
would be broken; about the debt that
war would bring to the masses. All
you will find therein is worry about
gold, commerce, loans and profits.
They were the things that were NOV
ing us in those days.
Commerce Lesser Consideration.
Combine this knowledge with that
concerning the trouble which Ameri-
cans put US in by insisting upon trav-
cling on the vessels of nations at war
the Lusitania, for example. and 1t
seems to me we have something of q
picture of what might be at work to
draw us into another war. It was
these things which our committee
had in mind in offering its program
of neutrality which I have spoken OF
tonight. We were convinced that II
America really wanted to stay out OF
the next European war 1t would will
ingly sacrifice commerce, and that
when commerce and neutrality were
in conflict America would abandon
the commerce. In that spirit we pre-
sented the neutrality program. 1t was
becoming increasingly evident that
leaders hoped to escape this issue. 1t
at no time was placed upon the So
called must" program.
A threatened filibuster brought
forth compromise and accomplished
the passage of a resolution meeting
the munitions export, the sailing upon
belligerent vessels and the munitions
licensing issues. This was not enough,
but it was the best that could be had
for now. The compromise left I'M
touched the issue of loans and credits,
commerce in contraband, and makes
the munitions export feature manda-
tory only until next March.
But I can say to those who are
interested that we shall be returning
to Congress In January with the high
est resolve to enlarge upon the exist
ing neutrality program and to make
its mandatory features permanent. In
the meantime, let us rejoice that some
progress has been made, new policy
inaugurated A splendid foundation
is now afforded to build upon.
Critics Already at Work.
But, already neutrality critics are
at work seeking to discredit the pro-
gram. They are saying that neutral
ity should be left to the Executive;
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1935-09-06
NYE ASKS PEOPLE
TO AID NEUTRALITY
Senator Traces Steps That
Led to World War and
that sucked us into the last European
AsSaiIS Adviser
(Continued From Eighth Page.)

that sucked us into the last European
war.
For years our State Department
has been striving to work out policy
of neutrality. 1t has been prevented
from accomplishing acceptable re-
suits because of its determination to
make the policy one enabling the
President first to determine who was
the aggressor in a foreign conflict
and then to let that policy operate
against the aggressor. The Senate
committee investigating the munitions
industry about year ago set to the
task of working out a neutrality pol
icy, taking as its base the experience
revealed as entering into the Step-by-
step program leading America into
the World War. We did not under
take to do more than draft a pro.
gram for consideration by the Foreign
Affairs Committee of the Senate.
Four Legislative Proposals.
This general neutrality program
was covered by four legislative pro-
posals as follows:
Senate joint resolution SO proposed
to withhold passports from Americans
travelling in war zones, and forbid
Americans to sail upon the vessels Of
nations at war. It would constitute
a warning that Americans who risk
their lives in war trade can expect no
greater support from their fellow
countrymen than those adventurous
souls who risk their lives by joining
the foreign legions.
Senate joint resolution 100 pro-
posed an embargo on all loans and
credits to nations at war, a step which
would at once notify our Morgans
and other bankers that if they must
have a hand in another European
war they will have to enlist personally
in the foreign legion.
Senate joint resolution 100 carried
two distinct proposals. First, it pro-
vided a positive embargo on the ex-
portation of munitions of war to a
belligerent nation. Second, the reso-
luton provided that, in that larger
field of commodities not classified as
munitions, but considered as contra
band of war, while American exporta-
ton is permitted, the buyer of it is
under requirement to accomplish de-
livery of his purchases himself and
not with the use of American ships
or the American flag.
Licenses for Manufacturers.
A fourth and final proposal by the
committee was a bill providing for an
extensive program of licensing NUM-
tons manufacturers and exporters,
and for larger publicity and knowl-
edge of the activities of these forces.
This program, taken together, some
of us considered a well-rounded-out
program to avoid some of the dangers
which experience reveals to be con-
stantly lurking in the path of Amer
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1935-09-06
British Warship Arrives.

GIBRALTAR, September R.-
The newly modernized battleship Bar
ham. which recently left England for
service in the Mediterranean, arrived
today a day ahead of schedule. It
was announced the man-of-war will
remain here four weeks.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1935-09-06

that Congress cannot cope with for
eign relations and the emergencies of
war. when We know that We left our
ago.
They are saying that legislation like
this Is pressure in advance which
causes embarrassment to the State
Department In the present world
emergency, while we observe American
corporations entering into contracts
for oil concessions in Ethiopia in the
very face of warnings to Americans
by that same department to get out
and stay out of Ethiopia.
These critics point out that if we
had denied munitions to England dur
ing the World War, think Of what
our good neighbors, the Canadians,
would have thought of US. And then
they would go q step further and
fashion dreams about Canada or Mex
leo being attacked by foreign foe.
OF course such critics are not going
to believe that Congress could, and in
all probability would, alter its policy
in such an event.
1T Is impossible to foresee situa-
tons which might arise" say these
critics, land we ought, therefore. to
leave a neutrality policy discretionary
with the President and not manda-
tory upon him" Have they forgotten
that a President, and well-meaning
one, had all this discretionary power
during those years when the world
was last at war and We wanted to
be neutral?
Congress Can Alter Policy.
When we hear these critics let us
be constantly reminded that If Con-
gress does continue its program of
providing a mandatory neutrality
policy, the same Congress can alter
that policy to met unforeseen. emer-
gencies when they arise, and that it is
probably we'll that all the people
should have a voice In determining
courses that mean war or peace and
that the only way for them to enjoy
that voice is through their elected
representatives in Congress.
Members of Congress have been
hearing from the American people
upon this question. My mail is but
a sample of what others have had.
1t reveals a determination to keep
America out of other peoples wars.
It comes from business and profess
sional leaders, from educators, from
scholars, from fathers and from
mothers. 1t comes not alone from
isolationists and pacifists. Those who
urge a strong mandatory neutrality
policy are for the most part those
who would gladly give of their full
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1935-09-06

At the college clubs-in
the Iobbies Of the best
hofels-on the Stock En-
change-at Southampton.
Newport, at the Clare.
mont on Riverside Drive
suhe~ever iVeH-dressed
men gather, apporel-ideas
,oere noted and incorpor.
ated in the clothes for
this event!
The Fort Peck press., 1935-01-31
Wheeler Streets are Numbered

T. H. Lee, sign painter is numb
ering the houses of Wheeler this
week, also putting the streets and
avenues names on each corper
Every 80 # lot receives a plumber
nicely painted on galvanized
iron for which Mr. Lee receives 25f
He donates the Street and Avenue
signs.
Following are some of the names
of the streets selected by the town.
site people on account of being
first settlers: johnson Ave, Frazer
Ave, Shell & Flint Ave, Miller Ave
Wood Ave, Miles City Ave, Norman
Ave and Wheeler Ave.
The streets are numbered 1, 2, 8,
S, etc.
Frazer and Smell avenues come
together at the triangle.
The Fort Peck press., 1935-01-31
SCHOOL NEWS.

The sixth grade has had a new
pupil, Friedrich Anderson.
Many pupils have been absent thi.
week from the 4, 5, 6 grades:
Margaret CLARK, Lois Weisner, Jos.
ephine Leuko, Evelyn Griner, Lee
Roy Dickinson, Betty White, Sally
Stanley, Florence Paus, Jules Wen
ger, Betty Dickinson, Gerald Gibney
and Robert Burns.
Norris Scherrer, Carol Purkey
and Mildrid Chaffin returned this
week after a long absence.
Donald Kluth of rhe 4th grade
has withdrawn from school.
Those having been ill are: Jerry
Holiday, Bobby Taylor, Brooks
Smiley. James Sitter, Melvin Wynn
koop, John Stanley, Geraldine Ed
sail, Lora Lee Stanley, Royal Paus,
Marie jacobson and Margaret
Smith.
Those abeent because of cold
weather were: .Jerald White, Dan
Frostey, Ternie Kinney and Irene
Akres.
lst and End grades have been
studying about Eskimos for Lang
uage.
Absent from 9th grade.
Dexter Barley, Pearl Harbottle,
Everett Wynkoop and Clifford
Sundahl.
Absent from 9TH grade: Merl
Winger and Song Hou Jue.
The 7th & 9th grades have lately
acquired four seats and as soon
as the weather moderates we are
promised the balance within a
short time.
The 9th grade English class has
been having dictionary study. The
corrections in pronunciation on a
commonly used words
has been most interesting, but a
welI-formed habit is hard to break
altho we are all going to make a
real attemt to watch ourselves and
try to better our speech in this
respect.
The 9TH grade History Glass has
ust finished studying that period
If history when the Colonies we're
governed by the articles of Confed-
We are now making a
comparison of the Constitution
md Articles of confederation.
Here's one for you: Which is the
more important date in American
1istory-1776 or 1889?
The Fort Peck press., 1935-01-31

Orville Linaberry and H. O. Eg-
glestOn of New Deal were Wheeler
visitors Monday. This office &C.
knowledges a pleasant call. Orville
is one of the three Mason & Walsh
workmen who we're hurt by a cave
in last October and had IN inches
of the splintered bone removed
from his left arm, making that
arm shorter than the other.
The Fort Peck press., 1935-01-31
BIRTHS
Born-To Mrs. Mrs Donald Wolf
of McCone City, q daughter on Jan
"a at Glasgow hospital
REPORT

Every thing was closed down on
the Spillway for about 2 weeks on
account of 80 below weather from
Jan. IL to "a.
Did you notice. then, the wealth
er since the first of the year has
been divided into just 2 periods
or blocs of IL days each-the chin
COX or thawing period Jan. 1 to IL
I the freezing 80 below period from
Jan. IL to "a.
Uncle Sam wasn't long in wir-
ing from Washington to the Spill
way contractors & others who had
shut down to open up within "a
hours as families were starving.
This order was obeyed last Sat.
morning, the Goth, when we under
stand the Spillway put 500 men
back to work & Frazier. Davis cut
off wall, etal, a similar number.
We were told that 1900 people
were put on relief here & in Glas-
gov during the shutdown, which
was the fly in the ointment that
brot the hasty double-quick order
from Washington. Of course this
1000 men affected by the cold is
only a drop in the bucket to the
other a. or 5000 men in the tun-
nels. the woods. boatyards, etc, who
worked under all weather condi-
lions.
With 5O72 persons on the pay
rolls, the employment figures show
for January is a slight increase
over Dec. 81, 1871 persons were en-
plOyed.
The Fort Peck press., 1935-01-31
Win a $500 Cash Prize

C. C. Hendrix & Tim Mccoy have
bot out the White House Cafe and
had a grand opening Sat. the IL.
See them & get a chance to win
the $500 cash prize or a SIS meal
ticket on Feb. 2 by proposing a
new name for their Cafe. Any Sc
purchase entities you to a guess.
Duplicate suggestions, if used,
the prize goes to the person first
suggesting said name. being dated.
The Fort Peck press., 1935-01-31
Bus depot-P Police station Ope

Bus depot-P Police station Ope
H. A. Peck & Earl Virgins have
just completed the new Bus Depot
and Police Station on the hiway
here in Wheeler. They want it
known they are Union Carpenters,
also that a Union Mason, Winston
Harris built the chimney. The bus
company and the townsiters are
So SO on the expense and our
business men are asked to take an
advertising square which is to be
painted on the wall at $500 per
year.
The Fort Peck press., 1935-01-31

The Calumet district In northern
Indiana and Illinois ls between the
Calumet river and Lake Michigan.
Originally the region was mostly sand
ridges and marshes. 1t is now an in
dustrial district. including such cities
as Hammond. Gary, Fast Chicago,
Whiting and Indiana I1arbor. Some
times the entire region around the
southern shore Of Lake Michigan 10
spoken of as the Calumet district.
The Fort Peck press., 1935-01-31

Mr. and Mrs C. E. Rickel of west
Wheeler are enjoying a visit from
their son Clarence who is attending
Hi at Center, N. D., also a son.in-
law, Harold Barchenger who will
take his wife their daughter home
She has been here since the first
of the year.
The Fort Peck press., 1935-01-31
@ NEWS TENS
By Mrs. Tracy Huffman

Bill Lands two little girls have
been in bed sick with their arms
since thew were vaccinated, bu,
are getting better.
Deane Edsall has been home
from school with ear ache.
Dickie Huffman was sent home
from school with a bad cold to st&y
until he is better.
Mrs Fred Halstead called on
Mrs G. Edsall this week.
Marge Watchall had a nice long
visit with her mother over the tele-
phone from Bismarck, N. D. Sunday
morning at the drug store.
Charles Crabtree of wheeler is
sick in the hospital at Scobey.
Norman Johnson of wheeler has
spent the last week in Scobey with
friends.
MI and Mrs Ray McNurlin and
Mr. and Mrs H. Sund spent Friday
evening with the Jim Noble family.
Mr. and Mrs Albert KnutSon took
in a show at Glasgow this week.
Mrs Rev. Burns was called home
as her father was very sick but
got news he was better.
Mr. and Mrs Dasher entertained
friends Sunday evening.
Louis Brown of Delano Heights
was here on business Sat. morning.
Clyde Edsall has returned to his
job on the Spill-way this week.
Mr. and Mrs Wick and daughter
Of Park Grove visited Miss Rachel
Rasmussen Monday.
Miss Lillian Ellison visited her
brother at the Jondahl Store and
also called on Miss r. Rasmussen.
Mr. Alvord of GLASGOW was out
10 his store here to see his son this
week.
Mr. Stair of Bill MilIer's cabins
look his wife to Glasgow to the
hospital Monday.
Willis Lands has been helping
put up ice this week for Roger and
Rogers new ice house just west of
Wheeler.
Mrs Wiley and daughter we're out
on friends Monday.
Miss Berg of the Ladies to wear
store had Mr. and Mrs BERG Of Wolf
Point call on her this week.
Brownie of the North West store
'pent Sunday in Glasgow.
All the people of Wheeler that
,uy Spring water from the trucks,
lot a notice that it is two cents a
'alIon instead of one this week.
The Fort Peck press., 1935-01-31

Miss Gwendolyn Peterman came
from Sherwood, N. D., for an ex-
tended visit at the Comfy Cafe last
Friday morning. She is a daughter
of Mrs J.. Peterman, proprietor of
the cafe.
The Fort Peck press., 1935-01-31

The Wheeler Cafe is under new
management, Mr. P. E. Haugen of
Nashua having taken charge on Jan.
Z. Mrs Haugen had an order of
meal tickets printed at Fort Peck
Press office & gives $3.50 worth
of meals for S.,
The Fort Peck press., 1935-01-31

The Woods Auto Electric Co. here
in Wheeler is back on the job again
now after the whole Wood family
taking a dose of the flu by turns.
They report business is brisk-more
than they can do. See their ad
herein,
The Fort Peck press., 1935-01-31
The CITY Market. G. T. GaIlaehe.

The City Market, G. T. Gallagher
prop. is one of the firms here in
Wheeler under new management
recently and are enjoying a good
business. They are stocking up
with groceries, fresh vegetables.
fruits. etc. and solicit your trade.
See their ad.
The Fort Peck press., 1935-01-31

Reopening of the First Chance,
under new mgr. Friday, Feb. l..
One mile East of Wheeler on Fort
Peck hi-way. Good music and a
good time for all.
The Fort Peck press., 1935-01-31

Dave DuClos who has been ser
iOusly i'll at his home in Wheeler
with double pneumonia is able to
set up and hopes to be able to get
around soon.
The Fort Peck press., 1935-01-31
ADDITIONAL NEWS ITEMS
BY MRS WyncoOl

BY MRS Wyncoop
Mr. Jake Arndt injured his left
hand Saturday.
Arch Ryberg made a business
trip to Fort Peck Tuesday.
Water prices advanced in Wheel
er, guess it is getting scarce.
Mr. A. L. Hammer is up and out
again.
Mr. Roy Odonnel is in the store
building game. No store too small
or large for him.
The Fort Peck press., 1935-01-31
Roosevelt Town Snowbound

F. o. Bacon of Roosevelt was q
Wheeler visitor Monday on his re-
turn from a trip to Glasgow. Mr.
Bacon says they have been showed
in at his town for the last couple
weeks, but are glad to get out again.
He said he was wondering when
he stopped in Wheeler where he
would find the Gamble Store and
would suggest that they adver-
tise.
The Fort Peck press., 1935-01-31

Mrs Dolly Whitman of the Paris
Beauty Parlor, Great Falls will ar
rive here in Wheeler next Sunday
Feb. 3 to accept her former posi-
ton in the Leach Beauty Parlor
which she held at Chinook next
door to the editor of this newspap-
or
The Fort Peck press., 1935-01-31

Artesian Well for Wheeler
An artesian we'll is to be drilled
in Wheeler, to be started at least
by March l, costing around $500
The business men and townsite Co.
are digging right down in their
pockets by subscriptions.