davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1935-05-19
Teaching Teachers to Teach
BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN.

At this season Of the year some
millions of school children, from the
very young ones, known for some OBJ
scure reason to comic strip artists
and sob writer's as kiddieS, to high
school students are worrying, cram
ming and hoping. Final examina-
tions are near for them and the is
sue will mean in so many cases
whether they will pass and go on
with their classmates to further
classes, whether they will Join in
graduation honors, or whether they
will ANONYMOUSLY fail.
Yet the minds of these striving
youngsters are not nearly so keenly
exercised as are the minds of slightly
older persons, prospective teachers,
who have been studying in normal
or teachers colleges in order to pre-
pare themselves for pedagogical work
To the younger element, a passing
mark seems important. To those in
the normal schools and teachers COL
leges a passing mark is vital. 1t
may mean a job or prospective un-
employment and unemployment today
Is a serious matter.
The day has passed when any
young man or woman with a high
school education and trying, or not,
to. work his way through college can
fill in odd time by occasionally
teaching a term at school. That plan
may still obtain in some sections of
the rural regions but not so in the
Fa H.
become, in the larger cities at least,
almost as arduous a task as prepara-
ton for the bar or medicine. Even
after the subjects of the teachers
college curriculum have been passed
there now are extra tests applied to
determine particular fitness for the
teaching profession.
Interview and Class Tests.
In the world of music, for example.
1t Is rare indeed that a great virtuoso
Is competent teacher, and by the
same token it is to be notedi that
some Of the teachers Of great mu-
sicians could not perform themselves
at all
Realizing that this is true of school
teachers. school authorities are con-
stantly devising new systems to assist
in the selection Of those best qualified
to instruct pupils. 1t might be, in
some cases, that an individual who
had inferior marks in his own studies
might still possess aptitude of special
value in the imparting of knowledge
to others
One of the ordeals dreaded by
teachers college graduates is the in
terview test. 1t is recognized that
the school teacher must be constantly
appearing before the pupils. For that
reason, personality, the personal con-
tact, has much to do with the teach
ing capability.
What is regarded as a supreme and
and especially grilling experience is
Evening star., 1935-05-19

what is known as the class test.
The candidate for a teachers position,
after passing other tests and exami-
nations, is brought face to face with
a class Of pupils ranging in age, as
rule, from l3 to II years. This Is
a somewhat mischievous age and a
decidedly restless age. The thoughts
of youth are long, long thoughts and
it requires a teacher with no little
personality to capture and hold the
attention Of such group. It Is a real
test.
Perfect Teacher Is Rare.
Youngsters between 13 and II years
are highly critical. Any affectation
alienates them. They resent patron
izing, or what might be called high
hat attitude. They are particularly
conscious of any trace of incompetence
and do all they can to bring it out.
These tests are watched by experts
who pay their attention not to the
candidate in this case but to the
children. The children are the real
judges III such a case and the Rating
Committee intently scans the faces of
the youngsters TO note their responses
TO the manner in which the candidate
teacher handles himself. II interest
lights in the faces of the young imps,
the candidate rates high, for it is
recognized that the very first prin-
ciple of pedagogy is the capture of
the pupils interest. No one can learn
if he is not interested.
There has been some criticism of
these tests. 1t is urged that the can
didate faces them in a condition of
high nervous tension and cannot do
justice to his or her actual abilities.
This objection has long been urged
against any kind Of an examination,
whether written or oral. Indeed, an
entire school of thought is developing
against the examination idea. On the
other hand, it is stated that while
such a scheme might work as to or
dinary study-hall examinations, it
would not meet the necessity for see
ing how the prospective teacher op-
crates in action. But again, it is
rejoined. that opportunity for class
tests should be provided over a period,
perhaps, of years. Class tests might
be a part Of the going curriculum
from first to last.
Peter Abelard. a teacher at the Sor-
bonne. fell under the displeasure Of
the rulers Of that great institution of
learning and was banished from his
position. He went deep into the coun-
try, intending TO become hermit He
found himself little hut in Britanny,
but had been there but a brief time
when he looked out one morning TO
find a camp of some 500 Sorbonne
students around his hermit'S cell.
They had been so enthralled with his
teaching. his ability to strike the light
Of interest and impart knowledge, that
they followed him into exile. There
are not, today, many teachers Of
that ilk
Evening star., 1935-05-19
Britain Feels Japan's
Trade Rivalry Keenly
BY A. G. GARDINER.

LONDON, May 18.-Japan bulks so
formidably in the popular imagina-
ton of the world today that any new
light on her activities, whether polit-
ical or commercial, commands atten-
ton.
Here, as elsewhere, the bogey OF
Japanese trade competition has as
sumed alarming proportions, and
there has been tendency to attrib-
ute the depression, not merely in the
cotton and other textile industries,
but in various sections Of the rubber,
engineering and electrical trades,
mainly to that factor. But it Is
clear that there has been much ex-
aggeration in this analysis of the sit
uation.
This is evident from an illumi-
mating pamphlet on the subject,
written by Prof. T. e. Gregory, which
has just been published by the As
sociation of British Chambers of
Commerce. From this investigation
the fact emerges that between 1929
and 1888 Japan,s share Of the total
exports of the world rose only from
90 per cent to 81 per cent, and
that they are still less than third
Of British exports even at the present
attenuated volume Of the latter.
While this fact puts the competi-
ton In a juster perspective, 1t does
not discount the gravity OF the rivalry
and the menace which Its intensih-
Evening star., 1935-05-19
The Drivers of Tomorrow.

The lads with bright and shining
faces, all slicked up for the parade,
who marched yesterday under the
banners Of the Boy Patrol are active
participants in a traffic safety cam
paign that has really shown results.
Why? Because they take it seriously.
Their responsibility as Boy Patrols
Is visual and tangible. They are en-
trusted during certain hours of the
day with the duty Of safeguarding
younger children at street corners.
The white cross-belts and glistening
badges worn as emblems Of Office set
them apart from other children, center
upon them q responsibility that no
Boy Patrol can dodge If he wants to
remain Boy Patrol. Most boys do.
The records Of traffic fatalities
point to the success Of the Boy Patrol
idea. While traffic fatalities among
age groups under five and over twenty
have shown a great increase since
1922, when the Boy Patrol movement
was begun, the increase in fatalities
among school children has been con-
fined to less than one per cent-an
effective demonstration of the value of
the Boy Patrols who in many cities
of the country are guarding some
100000 children daily on their way
to and from school. Any city that
lacks its Boy Patrol is behind the
times.
1t is possible that another beneficial
result may lie in the fact that most
Evening star., 1935-05-19

The other and the more difficult
way has its earnest and sincere advo-
Gates who recognize that all attain
ment is secured by those who are will
ing to pay consistent and reasonable
price for that which they seek. The
way ahead may look difficult and it
may call for self-accepted restraint
and imposed self-disciphne, it GER
tainly calls for that kind of moral
worth that is able to stand trials and,
If need be. suffering, that it may come
at length to the object Of its desire
1t is a way that is bound to develop
the strong muscles of the mind and
of the soul. Whether in our individual
or corporate life, the fork Of the road
calls for and demands decision, and
the choice we make involves not only
the kind Of highway we would fol-
low but the kind of objective we seek
ultimately to attain. Obviously, If in
this life only we have hope, if all that
it consists of is getting and spending,
leading ultimately to a dead end, then
it will not be difficult for us to make
our choice. If, on the other hand, we
believe we are put here for the pur-
pose of developing the finer things
of our nature-in fine, that we are
put here to grow a SOUL" with the
assurance that at the end of the road
larger and fuller life opens up be-
fore us-then we will carefully con-
slider the cost in the light of that
which we seek to gain.
The whole purpose of the ministry
Of Jesus was to indicate to men when
they came to the place of decision
the only way that leads ultimately to
satisfaction here and the fulfillment
of their highest hopes and aspirations
in world that lies beyond the out
most boundaries of time and place.
The Master never promised that the
way He proposed should be an easy
one. In His own life He strikingly
illustrated its difficulties and perils.
His own highest attainment was ef-
fected on the cross, but from that
cross He has laid a strong grip upon
the hearts and minds of men the
world over. He chose the hard way
and He did 1t deliberately, and in
| doing so He furnished an example to
those who, coming after Him, would
achieve life's choicest gifts and know
the peace which passeth all under
standing"
Evening star., 1935-05-19
SHOOTING STARS.
BY PH1LANDER JOHNSON.
The Big Smoke.

The Big Smoke.
A fiery orator We found
Who caused q general shout;
Quite frequently we stood around
And wished the fire was out.
He brought misty atmosphere
As he with words would stoke.
Some fiery stuff is surely near
Where there is so much smoke.
Some would applaud from day to day
While others sighed, "Oh, Fudgel'
The fiery stuff now on display
Is only just a smudge.
Evening star., 1935-05-19
Lobbyists and Propagandists Causing
Confusion i'm Governments Procedure

those groups must be recognized. The
reason is that a seat In Congress is
good for $4,000 a year, and there
are not many $40 900 jobs going beg
ging these days. To fail to heed the
demands of voters groups is danger
GUS politically.
~
What lies back of this sudden
spread of lobbying over broad front?
1t is the recognition that the Fed
eral Government can be used to ex-
tend special privileges to larger and
larger groups. Henry Wallace, Secre-
tary Of Agriculture. asserts that in
duStry and banking long have en-
Joyed these privileges. Now farmers
and unemployed and other groups are
getting a taste.
There are nearly 5000 900 families
dependent upon the Government for
their existence. Industry no longer
supports them. Then 5000 900 farm
erS have contracts with the Federal
Government guaranteeing them pay
ments in return for their cooperation
in the Federal farm program. Another
2.OOO, 600 farmers are interested in A.
A. A. marketing agreements. About
10000 city home owners have saved
their homes through the use Of Gov
ernment credit resources.
Having had a sample of the bene-
tts and privileges that Government
can extend, large masses Of voters are
expected to be ready to fight to retain
/ those benefits and privileges and to
extend them If they can. With their
votes they can command more than
industry or banking ever could. in
the view Of the politicians.
Connlctlng groups Of interests, all
looking to the Government for fayors
OF one kind or another, find that to
advance their interests they need to
gain recruits among large numbers
OF voters. They seek these recruits
oy skilled use of the radio, of news
stories where they can, and of other
agencies for reaching the people.
y y
Washington Is fully as overrun with
propaganda organizations as it is with
lobby organizations. Often the two 20
together.
Then the Federal Government, to
uphold its end Of the argument, is
forced to go farther and farther into
the propaganda business itself.
The result is that more newspaper
men are working for press agents of
various kinds and for the Government
departments than are working for
newspapers. Their services are in de-
mand as specialists in the business
OF influencing public opinion.
On one side are lined up the prop
agandists for individual industries and
for associations of various kinds, seek
ing to influence the people to &C.
cept their prescription for dealing
with naticual problems, or to lend
them assistance in seeking to defeat
the projects of other industries and
associations
On the other side are lined up the
propagandists for the Government.
They seek to influence the groups of
citizens affected by Government activ-
tiles into support for those activities.
Government interest in propaganda is
defended on the ground that it is
only through making known the OBJ
jectives of the various plans that
voters can judge results. The defense
also Is made that without skilled de-
fense against the attack of those who
oppose the New Deal programs, the
| argument naturally would be one
sided.
(Copyright. 1887
Evening star., 1935-05-19

toners and mon n-essential" industries
in order to meet the war needs fer
power
The safety and welfare of the Ma
ton, the report asserts, require care
full planning under Federal super
vision for new power plants and facii-
tiles for transmission. In the inter-
est Of a broad national policy, not
only of economic development. but
Of defense, the Federal Government,
it is declared, should proceed to select
sites for hydro or steam plants, to be
developed either by public or priva,s
agencies.
Copyright. 1850
Evening star., 1935-05-19

The District Of Columbia maintains
an orderly civic responsibility. 1t has
no vote, but its position is still more
dignified than that of communities
which have votes but do not know how
to use them.
Evening star., 1935-05-19

The attitude Of Carter Glass is con-
sistently courageous in seeking to di-
rect attention to plain kitchen stove
economics when the air is full Of fire.
works.
Evening star., 1935-05-19

Much educational attainment In
science, as in music or mechanics, de-
pends on the mastery of symbols. The
alphabet, beginning the AAA, is now
full of them.
Evening star., 1935-05-19

Gambling has its social and even
aristocratic side. Horses still repre-
sent the king Of sports quite apart
from the sordid racketeer game that
looks for nickels and dimes.
Evening star., 1935-05-19
Distinction of Terms.

Distinction Of Terms.
It's pleasant to obey the law
AS it is laid before US,
And join the general hurrah
That sounds in loyal chorus.
But when we're put upon the spot,
In serious CONSERVATION,
We may suspect that law Is not
The same as litigation.
Evening star., 1935-05-19

Germany complains Of efforts to
surround her by ring Of steel, which
permits apprehension Of developments
tending to reduce modern civilization
to scrap iron.
Evening star., 1935-05-19
First Philologies.

"Do you think the English speak
better English than Americans do?"
asked the educator.
mo, sir!" answered Senator Sorg-
hum. why, our political vocabulary
includes basic monosyllables that the
English forgot years ago."
Evening star., 1935-05-19

One of the notable triumphs Of Hit
Ter is that Of the fashion autocrat. In
the old days no one suspected that a
Charlie Chaplin mustache would ever
be taken SO seriously.
Evening star., 1935-05-19

A hungering European public can
not be expected to enthuse over
political economy that boasts of more
and cheaper torpedo boats.
Evening star., 1935-05-19

People may grow little weary Of
elephants and donkeys and welcome a
parade that introduces camels for q
change.
Evening star., 1935-05-19

japanese are vigilant and 1t Is pos
sible that they know more about de-
tails of maneuvers in the Pacific than
the American people do.
Evening star., 1935-05-19
Crime Wave.

VEINie W8F6.
A crime wave is a fearful thing.
A signal of such error
As may eventually bring
A general state of terror.
And though we tell it to behave,
As peace we try to nourish,
It says, Long may the crime wave
wave!"
And makes another flourish.
"Dis is one Of de times" said Uncle
Eben, when I ain really got nufin
to say. Like de rest Of de folks, To
jes' tryin' to keep on talkin'."
Evening star., 1935-05-19
Romance.

do you find any romance In
politics?"
"A great DEAL" answered Miss
Cayenne. "In politics, as in love-
making, whispered word may mean
far more than a public defamation. ="
'Fear must be mingled with affec-
tion." said Hi Ho. the sage of China
town. 'No affection can be sincere
unless it carries with it the fear Of
offending"
Evening star., 1935-05-19

Rate by Carrier Within the City.
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Collection made at the end Of each
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telephone National 5000
Evening star., 1935-05-19
Rate by Mail-Payable In Advance.
MARYLAND and Virginia,
All Other States and Canada.
Member of the Associated Press.

The Associated Press is exclusively en-
titled to the use for republication of all
news dispatci es credited to it or not @ otheI. ti
local news published herein All rights OF
publication Of special dispatches herein
are also reserved
Evening star., 1935-05-19
The Evening Star Newspaper Company

18th st and Pennsylvania Ave.
New York Office: 110 East 42nd st
Chicago ONCE: Lake Michigan Building.
European ONCE: IA Regent St.. London.
England
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1935-03-29
TELEPHONE REPEATERS WILL
IMPROVE r. r. DISPATCHING

Use of the telephone in train dis
patching was originated on the New
York Central Railroad in October,
1907. Its successful operation, accord
ing to the Telephone AND Telegraph
Section of the American Railroad As
ISOLATION, caused other railroads to fol-
low suit with the installation of tele
phone dispatching apparatus. The
Chicago, Burlington and Quincy was
the second railroad to follow this
method of operation. Other railroads
quickly adopted the new system so
that by 1914 about $4,000 miles of
track on 140 different railroads were
dispatched by telephone.
Efficient dispatching of trains, al
ways necessary, assumes almost para
mount Importance on the more con-
gested lines over which trains are
often run with only a few minutes in
terval between them. The telephone
has proved it's worth in this type OF
operation innumerable times and I'M
doubtedly the plans of the telephone
laboratories engineers will greatly i'm
prove the operation of the present
system.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1935-03-29

Improved telephone train dispatch
ing equipment is in prospect. Engi-
neers of the Bell Telephone Labora-
tories are working on the development
of telephone reporters which will in
sure the same high grade type of tele-
phone service on railroad dispatching
lines that is now experienced on COM
mercial telephone lines throughout the
country.
More than 60 per cent. Of the $685.
600 miles of railroad in the United
States now utilize the telephone for
train dispatching. At the present
time, according to H. D. Kelso, equip
ment engineer, in an article appearing
in the Bell Laboratories Record, the
equipping of train dispatching circuits
with telephone repeaters will not only
improve transmission, but will also
permit of lengthening the telephone
circuits. Use of this equipment will
make it possible for dispatchers to
speak directly with operators or
agents at any particular station in a
dispatching section. Telephone dis
patching sections at present are not
very long and no simplifying equip
ment is necessary.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1935-03-29
VETERANS VISIT
BALTIMORE PLANT

| Twenty-four workers, each the
veteran in point of service of one of
the "a manufacturing and assembly.
plants of the Chevrolet Motor Com
pany, will be honored with trip to
Baltimore for pre-opening inspecA
ton of the new Chevrolet assembly
plant in that city. The workers,
whose average age is II, were chosen
according to the number of years
they have been In the service OF
Chevrolet. Following tour of the
new plant; the group will make side
trips to points of historic interest in
the vicinity of Baltimore, including
Mount Vernon and the Capitol at
Washington.
The delegation Of Chevrolet en-
ployes assembled in Baltimore
March 10, coming from plants at
Oakland, CAL; Kansas City. st.
Louis, Indianapolis, Atlanta; Nor
wood, o.; Toledo; Tarrytown, N.
Y; Bloomfield, N. j.; GAINESVILLE,
Fis.; and Detroit, Saginaw, Bay City,
and Flint, Mich. During their stay
in Baltimore, they will be guests Of
Chevrolet and city officials.
The new Baltimore assembly plant,
which will supplement the present
facilities of Chevrolet's other nine
assembly plants, is the first major
plant construction in the automotive
industry since 1929. Assembly
operations will begin in Baltimore
early in April and it is estimated that
the new development will have q
yearly production of $4,000 passen-
ger cars and trucks.
Inspecting an automobile plant be-
fore the start of operations will not
be new experience to many of the
Chevrolet workers making the trip.
Some of them started with Chevrolet
when the company was in its infancy
and low-priced transportation was
still in its experimental stage.
Others have been on their jobs since
their home plants were opened by
Chevrolet. They represent the ma
jor operations that combine to form
the finished product. The foundry,
the transmission shop. gear and axle
plants. body plants, and plants
manufacturing brakes, small parts.
knee-action units, wheels and motors
are all represented by this group Of
delegates from the upper age bracket
of employees choses to receive this
special recognition for long service.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1935-03-29

And darkness hovers over all.
God will be with you to comfort and
bless;
Trust and obey, He will give you rest.
Leave it to Him when the task is
done,
And the crown of life at last is won.
Heaven with all it's joys unfold,
Safe forever within His fold.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1935-03-29
Toes A n d
To m atOes

THE serving of food requires
diplomacy. It's so easy to
tread on someone's toes, IL
one isn't careful. There's Uncle
John you should have known
doesn't eat cooked fruits yet
you served baked apple for des-
sert. There's the Jones family
who doesn't eat meat on Friday
and you served that delicious big
steak. Well, what can you be safe
in serving when there are so
many toes about, waiting to be
trod on?
Try tomatoes. Keep on hand a
list Of delicious dishes made with
tomatoes, for almost everyone
likes them. Here are some sug-
gestions for tomatoes in various
courses of the meal:
A PURGE and An omelet
Tomato and Cdalitlotoer PURGE:
Cook one medium head Of cauli-
flower until tender. Press through
a sieve. Press the contents of one
No. 2 can of tomatoes through a
sieve also, and add with the con-
tents of one can of consomme and
one cup of water to the cauli-
flower. Bring to boiling. Saute
one tablespoon of minced onion In
two tablespoons butter for a few
minutes. Add three tablespoons
-four, stir until smooth, thin with
a little of>the hot soup, and then
add the remainder of the soup and
cook until creamy. Season to
taste with salt and pepper. This
serves six persons.
Omelet 10ith Mdcdroni and To
mGt0 Sauce: Make a French
omelet with four eggs, one-half
teaspoon salt, a few grains of pep
per and four tablespoons milk.
Meanwhile make a tomato sauce
Of one tablespoon butter, one
tablespoon -four, salt and pepper
to taste, one-half teaspoon sugar,
three-fourths cup strained toma-
toes and few drops of onion
Juice. Add three-fourths cup Of
cooked macaroni, cut in one-inch
pieces, and spread over half the
omelet just before folding This
serves four persons liberally.s