davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-02

the union as to whether for the
sake of safety Negro and white
should meet together, it was voted
almost unanimously to preserve at
all costs the common unity of Ne
gro and white that has been es-
tsblished.
Last Tuesday, delegation headed
by Lucien Kloch was sent by the
union to the county relief head
quarters in Harrisburg The mat
ter Of securing relief is one of major
importance since many of the
union members have been discrim-
mated against. The evicted fam
lilies in some cases are on the border
of starvation. Men who wish to
get on the relief rolls must walk
twenty-five miles to the relief Of
fee.
The delegation was received
coldly by relief administrator BATHS,
who refused their demands because
Of expenses involved in setting up
other relief stations. He denied the
existence of discrimination, al
though Rodgers, who was a member
of the delegation, declared that he
could secure a score of affidavits.
When the delegation reported
back to the council meeting in
Marked Tree, plans were made for
the hunger march on Saturday and
Sunday, Feb. 9 and 10, a twenty five
mile trek.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-02

diSrupting but that it is correct for
the A. w. P. to form fractions
wherever possible in the unions.
Against U. S. S. r.
AS member of the A. w. P.
was to declare myself staunch de-
fender of the Soviet Union. espe-
cially from its greatest enemy the
Communist Party of the U. S. S. r.
Inasmuch as the Communist Party
is the guiding spirit in the Soviet
Union, it developed that any hint
or sign of confusion or failure in
the Soviet Union should logically
give me a feeling of satisfaction in
stead of alarm. This seemed incom-
patible with being member of a
revolutionary party.
At last was forced to face this
honestly when I read Oliver Carl
sons review of Stains THE State
of the Soviet Union" in the October
LIST issue of Labor Action. He ridi-
culed with the most scathing venom
the report of the progress of the
industrialization program in the So
Wet Union, AS a member of the
A. w. P. I, too, was to sneer with
impotent envy at the accomplish
ments of the Five Year Plan under
the direction of the Communist
Party, In my letter of resignation,
l specifically mentioned this article
as proof that the A. w. P. was an
enemy Of the Soviet Union.
Against United Front
Previously I had received another
shock when I read in Labor Action
an editorial on the united front in
France. The A. w. P, in it's denun-
citation of the Communist Party, had
made a great issue Of the failure to
achieve united front, yet in the
accomplishment of the united front
in France on the minimum basis
acceptable to the French Socialist
Party, Labor Action saw evidence of
the bankruptcy of the Third Inter
national. It was impossible to over
look the obvious conclusion that any
action on the part of the Commu-
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-02

Against War and Fascism. Our
criticism is not that anti-war prop
uganda is put over on unsuspecting
liberals, or even that rabbis and left
wing dentists are drawn into the
fight against war. Rather, we crit
icize the false policy of the C. P.
in so watering down its fight
against war that bourgeois liberals
and pacifists can Join the fight
Fundamentally, and that the fight
against war takes on a pacifist
character.
"A pacifist program aaginst war is
not a step in the right direction,
rather it is snare and delusion.
Finally, the G. P. has gone to the
ridiculous length of hiding itself in
this new united front organization
to the extent that G. P. and Y. c..
L. members run around saying, Join
the League Against War and Fas-
cism, the only organization that
fights against war and fascism' In
my opinion, the Workers Party is
the organization in the fight against
war and fascism, and in the C. P.
members opinion, the c, P. ought
to occupy that role"
Against Office Workers Union
Now is it clear that if initially
the A. w. P. endorsed and partici-
pated in the League, they now
consider it in this light solely be-
cause the Communist Party is the
only group which has continued to
support the important work Of the
League, 1 do not believe it is nee
essery to anaiyze for your readers
the fallacy of the reasoning ex-
pressed in this letter, not to men,
ton the unsavory reference to un-
suspecting liberals" and "left-wing
dentists"
In answer to my criticism of a
project for organizing office workers
into another union when there was
an active left-wing union in the
field, the Office Workers Union,
Larry Cohen wrote, You felt that
it was incorrect for us to talk of
organizing a new union of office
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-02
Karl LOckner
Class Struggle
Veteran at 20

CHICAGO, ILL.,, Feb. l. - Karl
Lockner, the Communist candidate
for Mayor of Chicago, belongs to
that ever-growing, worldwide army
Of militant youth in the world today
who are in the vanguard of the
working class struggle for Soviet
power.
This twenty-Six year old youth Is
a native of Wisconsin. While he
was in the university he became in
terested in Communism as result
of reading Lenins works. He
found the address of the Young
Communist League on a leafet and
became active in the Leagues work
He came to Chicago to work as
a chemical engineer. News of the
Haitian massacres at the hands of
the American marines led him to
reestablish the Young Communist
League in Chicago.
His ability and his bravery were
put to good use. He was soon an
active part in the working class
struggles of Chicago. He became a
leader of Chicago's unemployed. In
1882 he led the hunger march which
restored to the workers of Chicago
a fifty per cent relief cut. A year
later, he led the march of the
unemployed on Springfield while the
legislature was in session, in a de-
mand for unemployment insurance.
Steeled by experience to real
Bolshevik adherence to the work
ing class, Lockner kept on fighting.
Since February, 1880, he has been
arrested more than twenty times
in demonstrations for relief, for
rent payment, for unemployment
insurance, for G. w. A. Jobs, in
anti-war demonstrations, for past
ing posters and distributing leaf
lets, for walking down the street,
for supporting teachers in their
fight for back pay and for dem
onstrating against the Ueabody Coal
Company and Governor Horner's
use of troops against striking
miners.
I'm accepting the honor of the
nomination for Mayor on the Com
munist Party ticket" said Karl
Lockner, II shall continue the fight
for real unemployment insurance,
for decent wages and working
conditions, for the day when the
government of Morgan and Hearst
will be smashed, for the setting up
of a workers and farmers gov
eminent in America government
of workers and farmers councils
a Soviet Socialist America"
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-02

doubt that their prime purpose Is
to withhold forces under their in
fluence from participating in Joint
action on any specific issue where
the mastering of large forces is vital
to the interests of the working class,
both employed and unemployed
alike, if the call is either issued or
supported by the Communist Party,
A large part of their service to
the working class Of America is to
ridicule and SANDER the activities
Of the Communists, Louis Breier
used to keep a column in Labor
Action for the special purpose of
distorting and subjecting to the
most obscene ridicule, the state
ments of Communists and intel
lectuals-writers and artists-sym-
pathetic to the work of the Com
munist Party.
Against Working Class
I never belonged to any political
party before joined the A. w. P.
and I joined in the honest belief
that it was organized in the inter
ests of the working class. For the
sake of party discipline, I honestly
tried to believe what my better
Judgment told me was false, and
finally when I saw how their policy
only resulted in bitterly estranging
the workers who came under their
influence. few though they were,
from their class brothers struggling
for the same things, I knew had
made a great mistake. Based on
the premise that the Communist
Party cannot be correct, they are
compelled to tactics and acts nee
essarily counter revolutionary. I am
sure any earnest workers who go
into the Workers Party under the
same circumstances as I did will
see their mistake. Essentially the
A. w. P. is designed for renegades
of all shades. Fresh recruits who
come to them for revolutionary
guidance must soon discover they
are in the ranks of enemies of the
working class.
L. BARON.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-02

organization meeting called here by
the League Against FasciSm for the
formation of a local anti-fascist
united front.
John w. Beardsley of the Amer
lean Civil Liberties Union was at
tackled by the reactionsries as a
"seditious" speaker, following an
nouncement that he would address
the meeting on THE Menace to
Civil Liberties"
Called Dangerous"
Big business and its fascist group
lets considered this dangerous
topic at this time when there is a
concerted attack throughout the
country, centering especially in Cali
fornia, On the civil rights of the
toiling population. A campaign fos-
tered by the Chamber of Commerce
was launched to bar the meeting
from Miles Memorial Hall a city,
owned auditorium, and at the same
time to mobilize Legionaires and
vigilantes to prevent the holding of
the meeting in any other hall
Commissioner Hal Clark Sanborne,
locally known as the Little Hitler"
led the attack on the meeting in the
City Council, where he openly en-
gagged in Indictment to terrorist ac-
ton by American Legion officials
and others against the anti-fascist
movement here. At the same meet
ing, Mayor Carter let the cat out of
the bag on the close tie-up between
the city officials and the fascist
forces by stating that he had in
structed Police Chief Webb to "as-
sign at least one policeman to be
present at every meeting Of the
anti-fascist organization"
Scott Meets Attack
The anti-fascist movement here
is sponsored by j. Lander Scott, an
ex-minister. former president Of the
Santa Monica Open Forum, and one
of the most highly respected resi-
dents in the community. Scott met
the fascist attack with written in
vitation to Mayor Carter to attend
the anti-fascist meeting. Enclosing
2 draft of the proposed constitution
and by laws of the local branch
of the League Against Fascism,
Scott asked the mayor to point out
Just wherein the projects organiza-
ton was "seditious" or "un-Amer-
lean
Scott told the mayor the meeting
wclld be held despite the inter
ference by the police and fascist
bands. It was. The hall was packed
to the doors and standing room was
at premium. About twenty
Legionaires, accompanied by Com
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-02
WOrkerS'EnemieS
Exposed

JOSEPH BILLUPS, a Negro auto
worker of Detroit, Mich, who has
occupied leading posts in the rev.
dictionary movement, has been eX-
PEELED from the Communist Party
for working hand-in- hand with
Negro refOrmist politicians and
serving as their tool in the ranks
of the Party, also for drinking and
personal degeneracy.
The District Committee of the
Party established that on a num-
Der of occasions Billups took money
belonging to the Party and to work.
erS mass organizations. He even
collected funds under the pretense
that he was going South to visit
the Scottsboro boys and then using
it for getting himself drunk.
He was warned several times
about his personal conduct which
discredited the Party and revolu-
tionary working class movement,
but he continued on the path which
leads away from this movement.
By associating himself with the
Negro reformist politicians he has
been doing their work in trying to
keep the Negro masses tied to the
capitalist parties which are the
parties of the lynchers of the Negro
people. Particularly at this time,
when the capitalist class is using
the Negro reformist politicians in
order to revive their declining in
fuence among the Negro masses,
support to the Negro bourgeois
politicians means support to the
capitalist exploiters. BY trying to
build up the prestige of the re-
formist leaders, such as Bledso,
Roxborough and Dr. Sweet, Billups
has worked against the Communist
Party, against the only organiza =
ton that is ready to carry on the
liberation struggle of the Negro
people to the very end, that fights
courageously for the freedom Of the
Scottsboro boys and against the OPP
preston Of the Negro masses, which
stood in the forefront Of the de-
Tense of James Victory and won
his freedom, which fights in the
Unemployed Councils for the rights
of the Negro peoples.
1t is significant that after his ex-
pulsion from the Communist Party
Billups quickly was given a job in
the Ford plant.
The expulsion of Billups has been
endorsed and fully approved by
Commu nist Party membership
meeting of Section / in Detroit. In
a statement accepted by that meet
ing it is stated, in part, that: Bill
lups is not only guilty of not carry
ing on a fight against Negro re-
formists, but he associated with
them and gave information con-
corning the work and attitude of
other Negro comrades, Along with
this he tried to cover up his con-
nections and support of the Negro
reformist politicians by trying to
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-02

mist Party would be interpreted by
them in the most distorted manner
so as to yield the conclusion that
such action was incorrect and futile.
When I saw in the Daily Worker
report that delegates from the
Unemployed Councils were excluded
from the National Unemployed
League Convention through the
Vaccinations of the leadership.
which is under the influence of mem
bers of the AW,P., as per formula I
confidently believed it a lie, and
turned to Labor Action for a true
report, There to my CONSERVATION
1 found an article by A. j. Music
on the convention, in which he re-
ported with great satisfaction that
the delegates from the Unemployed
Councils were excluded, inasmuch
as they were disruptionists and
splitters. I began to have an uncom-
Portable feeling after all these evil
dences of strange behavior for a
revolutionary party
Against Anti-War League
The A. w. P. did not send a dele
gate to the Congress Against War
held in Chicago last September. I
also called this to the attention Of
the New York organizer when 1
gave my reasons for resigning
knew that initially Muste's group
had agreed that it was important
to organize people who could be
drawn in on the basis of fight
against war and fascisn, and had
participated actively in organizing
the American League Against War
and Faseism. AS a matter Of fact
A. j. Music was the chairman of
the Resolutions Committee at the
first convention of the League, held
in New York City.
The following Is the reply I re-
ceived from Larry Cohen, formerly
New York organizer for the A. w
P, in answer to this complaint:
you criticize also what you char
acterize as our sectarian and super
ctlious attitude toward the League
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-02

laying plans Tor a twenty-five mile
hunger march for relief. Rodgers
is a member of the State Com
mittee of the Socialist Party.
Following his arrest, the sheriff
broke into the room of Ward Rod
gers and stole letters from friends.
These letters mention the united
action between Socialists and Com
munists, and are being seized upon
by the Memphis Commercial
Appeal, a newspaper completely dom
mated by the planters to drag a
red scare across the path of the
sharecroppers' unity,
Rodgers at the time of his ar
rest was teaching adult classes of
sharecroppers under the F. E. R. A.,
but since his arrest and convic-
ton, although out on bail, has re-
ceived notice that he has been
fired.
One thousand sharecroppers at
tended a mass meeting here last
Saturday as the fight against evic-
tons is being continued. Lucien
Koch of Commonwealth College,
Alley Delaney and Bob Reed spoke
to the sharecroppers who were
fringed by armed deputy sheriffs
awaiting the chance to railroad
some other sharecropper or day
laborer to Jail on the trumped-up
charge of anarchy" on which they
seized Rodgers.
When the question came UP in
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-02
State Pardon Board
To Consider Case
OF Phil Frankfeld
CDaily Worker Pittsburgh Bureau

ADaAAg MHEEEA EAtA5NuENn huEEaWl
PITTSBURGH, Pa, Feb. l.
The Pennsylvania State Pardons
Board today notified the Frank
field Liberation Committee that
the Board will consider pardon
applications in the cases of Phil
Frankfeld, Emma Brletic and
Dan Benning on Feb. 20, and
that the result Of their CON
sideration' will be announced by
Feb. %.
The letter states that in case
hearings are granted on the petit
tons these will not take place
until March 20.
The defense committee is OPEN
ing an intensive drive, especially
conferred in the trade unions, Of
mass protests to the Pardons
Board. which now includes
Thomas Kennedy, International
Secretary of the United Mine
Workers, now Lieutenant-G Gov
ernor of Pennsylvania.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-02
$4,000 Sign
ToPlace Sugar
On B allOt

DETROIT. Feb. 1. - Maurice
Sugar, labor's candidate for Judge
Of Recorders Court, today filed ap-
proximately 25.0OO signatures to
place his name on the ballot. Only
10000 are required by law.
The filing of $4,000 signatures, all
of them gathered by volunteer
workers and labor organizations,
constitutes a major step toward
electing Michigan'S foremost labor
attorney to Office. Sugars candi-
dacy is actively supported by nearly
every section of the Detroit labor
movement, including the Detroit
and Wayne County Federation of
Labor "a. F. of L., the Mechanics
Educational Society of America, the
Society of Designing Engineers, the
Trade Union Unity League, Inter
national Labor Defense, and the
Communist Party.
The primary election will be held
March 4, and the final elections
on April l.
A banquet in honor of Sugar is
being given this Sunday at 6 p. M,
under the auspices of the Interna-
tional Workers Order and the
Maurice Sugar Campaign Commit
tee. The banquet will take place at
the Deutsches Haus, 1900 Mack
Ave, corner Maxwell.
Next Saturday, Feb. 9, Sugar will
be the chief speaker at city-Wide
mass meeting in Northern High
School, woodward and Claremont
Avenues, at 8 p. m
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-02

January 26, 1885
To the Editor of the Daily Worker:
have been inspired by Joseph
lacks articles on why he left the
Communist Party to tell why I re-
signed from the American Workers
Party (now Workers Party of the
U. S. Al, in which it appears he has
found the true reyolutionist's haven.
When 1 joined the American
Workers Party, I had been per-
suaded that the Communist Party
had failed in reaching the American
working class and that only the
American Workers Party had the
proper program to accomplish the
revolutionizing of the masses. After
I was in the A. w. p, discovered I
was also committed to the following
beliefs: that the Communist Party
of the U. S. S. R. is the greatest
obstacle to the accomplishment of
socialism in the Soviet Union; that
the Communist Party of the U. S,
S. R. is indisputably responsible for
the failure to accomplish a revolu-
ton in Germany and therefore re-
sponsible for Hitler's coming to
power; that it is impossible for the
Communists to initiate any correct
action among the masses and there
fore any action initiated or par
ticipated in by Communists must be
incorrect and against the interests
of the working class; that any forces
under the influence Of the A. w. P
must be kept from joining with and
participating in any mass action so
tainted as before mentioned; that
Communist fractions in the unions
ere for the purpose of splitting and
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-02

I workers, with the Office Workers
Union already in the field. 1 think
this is a mechanical way of view
ing the question. In an immediate
sense, the office Workers Union ex-
lists, but we are convinced from our
previous experience with other out
fits controlled by the G. P. that the
Office Workers Union cannot exist
for long, and above all that, we
would be given no chance to func-
ton as minority in it," This
speaks for itself-if there is a left
wing union it is not the duty of
the A.W.P. to support it, but rather
to form another union and pray for
the first union to go out of bust
ness.
Apart from consideration of this
from the standpoint of revolution
airy logic, it is well to recall the old
cry of the A. w. P. of dual union
ism" against the Communist Party.
1t is significant that they would
never recognize that the Commu-
mist Party ever had any justifica-
ton for forming dual unions in GER
tain industries, while they can jus
tify the formation of triple union
in a situation making the formation
of such a union utterly unnecessary
and futile.
Against Workers Bill
Since I have left the A. W. P,
they have kept the Unemployed
League from sending delegates to
the Congress for Social and Unem-
ployment Insurance held recently in
Washington. Arnold johnson, ma
tional secretary Of the National I'm
employed League and a member Of
the Workers Party, wrote in the
New Militant, Another assemblage
at Washington which deserves only
suspicion from the unemployed is
the so-called Congress for Unem-
ployment and Social Insurance,
which is in reality a masquerade
preliminary to the second annual
convention of the discredited IN
employment Councils of the Com
munist Party" There can be no
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-02

missioner Sanborne, a member of
the Legion, occupied a block of seats
in the rear of the hall, but were
deferred from creating any disturb
ance by the militant enthusiasm Of
the audience. Chief Webb and his
daughter, Fay Webb Vallee with
Rudy Vallee and several lieutenants
and stool pigeons were present, as
was Morton Anderson, president of
the Chamber of Commerce.
After Beardsley's talk, a prelimi-
nary organization of the League
Against Fascism was effected, with
executive representatives nominated
from the Epics, Utopians, Techno-
Gratis, churches, labor unions and
other mass organizations.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-02
AmalgamatiOn
Urged to Aid
Furniture Men

The amalgamation of all unions
in the furniture industry, regardless
Of their present utilization, into one
union was proposed in a statement
issued yesterday by the General
Executive Board of the National
Furniture Workers Industrial
Union to all its locals.
Reviewing the conditions in the
industry, the statement points to
increasingly bad conditions as be-
ing largely caused by the fact that
the majority of the workers are
unorganized and that the small
percentage that is organized is
divided into numerous rival unions.
This condition, the union points
out, plays into the hands of the
manufacturers and encourages
them to cut wages. increase the
speed-up and further lower the
standard Of living of the workers.
The unemployment in the furni-
ture industry" the statement read
in part, is now greater than ever
before.
Analysing all this, the General
Executive Board came to the con-
clusion that in order to materialize
the slogan of one union in the fur
niture industry a conference of all
International and Independent
Unions and the NF.WI.U. should
be called in the near future; that
at this conference the question of
amalgamating all existing unions
into one powerful union shall be
the main issue; that if we can sue
coed in amalgamating all the
unions into union with full demo-
cratic rights for all its members,
and the freedom Of the rank and
file to fight for a militant policy,
then the question Of the name or
sffihstion shall not be an obstacle
to this smalgamation as far as the
N. F. W. I. U, is concerned"