davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Morgan County Democrat. (McConnelsville, Ohio) 1886-1943, 1935-10-24
Hackney

Mr.. and Mrs. Wilbur McFerren
and Mr.. and Mrs. Harold McFerren
and son Edsell spent Sunday In
GAINESVILLE with the formers aunt,
Mrs. Mauk. The ladies aid society
of Smiths Chapel will be entertain
ed Oct 81, at the home of Mrs.
Mabel Padgett, in Waterford. Ev-
eryone welcome.--Mr. and Mrs. Val
Combs and Myrna and Dale Meier
rem were guests Sunday of Mr.. and
Mrs. Paul Rex and family Of Blue
Rock. Mr.. and Mrs. Howard Car
roll of McConnelsville were after
noon guests at the Rex home. Miss
Effie Combs spent last Thursday
with Mr. and Mrs. Val Combs and
Bernice Combs spent Thursday
night with Myrna.
Morgan County Democrat. (McConnelsville, Ohio) 1886-1943, 1935-10-24

Mrs. Gusta Lane returned home
Sunday, after several weeks visit
with her daughter, Mrs. Fred Price,
and family, of Mountville. Lowell
Geddes who underwent an operation
several days ago for removal of his
tonsils, was not able to return to
camp this week.-Mrs.. Alvin Mer-
Ger is on the sick list--Mr. and
Mrs. Will Wymer and Mr.. and Mrs
Delbert Wymer spent Sunday with
relatives at GAINESVILLE. Mrs. Earl
Scott is suffering with ear trouble.
Morgan County Democrat. (McConnelsville, Ohio) 1886-1943, 1935-10-24
Independents Discuss Old
Guard Campaign

"As Republicans, we must tell
the country what we propose to do
about it. Surely if we are against
the New Deal and call it a raw
deal' to abolish child labor, give the
farmer a place in the economic sun,
provide for the aged, the blind and
other dependents, consider human
values with property values and
give labor a square deal with cap
ital, why not say right out that all
these things are unconstitutional
and that we favor returning to the
Hoover depression by abolishing
prosperity. William Allen White
in the Emporia Gazette. (RepD
Morgan County Democrat. (McConnelsville, Ohio) 1886-1943, 1935-10-24

"The Republican candidate nam
ed must be one known to believe in
the measures and policies embodied
in the national platform and to
have fixed purpose to carry them
out San Jose Mercury Herald
(Rep.)
Morgan County Democrat. (McConnelsville, Ohio) 1886-1943, 1935-10-24

"Col. Frank Knox is for farm re-
lief without, he says, the heresies
inherent in the Triple A.; but when
he suggests something specific in
place of it, he is thrown for loss =
Springfield, Mass, Republican.
Morgan County Democrat. (McConnelsville, Ohio) 1886-1943, 1935-10-24

eff overly conservative Republi-
cans think they can carry Kansas
for either the state or national tick
ct next year with a program Of bit
ter opposition to everything the
Roosevelt administration has done,
they are pathetically wrong. The
successful Republican platform
must admit frankly the merit Of
Morgan County Democrat. (McConnelsville, Ohio) 1886-1943, 1935-10-24

''If President Roosevelt commit
ted an objectionable offense in
signing New Deal measures, was
not the conduct of Senator Borah
equally heinous in voting for
them Sacramento Bee. Gnd.)
Evening star., 1935-04-12
10000 ACTIVITIES
CREDITED TO CLUBS
Kiwanians Told Service to Under.
privileged Children Is One
of Moves.

The many clubs Of the International
Kiwanis organization carry on a total
Of 10000 activities, James M. Lynch of
Florence, s. c., told an "intercluh
Progress week meeting yesterday under
auspices of Washington Kiwanis Club
in the Mayflower Hotel.
Prominent among the activities,
Lynch said, has been service to under
privileged children and character de.
velopment work among children. The
Kiwanis organization, Lynch said
reached its peak In membership In
1880 with a total of 100000 members
In 1882, he said. the membership fell
of to about $4,000. and the present
membership totals around $4,000.
The following new members of the
local club were introduced at the
meeting: John G. Bell. vice president
of Peoples Drug Stores; Earl A.
Brown, manager of Thompson's Dairy;
Frank B. Distelhurst, Standard Oil
Co. manager, and Earl A. Nash, man.
ager of the District Motor Club of
the American Automobile Association.
Guests at the meeting included
c. Walter Cole, Towson, Md, governor
of the Capital Kiwanis district. and
so representatives from Alexandria
Arlington County, Charlottesville and
Newport News. Va. and Baltimore,
Cumberland, Frederick, Towson and
Hagerstown, Md, and Wilmington,
De1
Evening star., 1935-04-12
GOVERNORS HERE
TO MAP RELIEF
Confer With New England
Congressional Delegation
on Textile Situation.
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
Reassured by the promise Of mill
tant support from Northern mill own
ers End textile communities, the New
England congressional delegation to-
day awaited q conference with North
ern Governors to map out campaign
for relief of the cotton industry.
The Northern section of the indus
try hinted broadly yesterday that
wholesale shutdowns and court bat
ties might result from President
Roosevelt,s refusal to substitute money
from the work relief fund for the cot
ton processing tax.
Governors Confer Here.
Meanwhile. the New England Gov
ernors, headed by James M Curley Of
Massachusetts,, came here today for q
final discussion Of policy with the
New England congressional delega-
ton.
Concerned also was Right Rev.
James E. Cassidy, Bishop Of Fall
River. Mass. who told newspaper men
as he trNdged through Capitol cor
ridors that Il am here to do what ]
can to avert threatened annihilation
of an industry upon which 90 per cent
of my people are dependent"
An attack upon the Administrations
attitude toward the cotton industry
was made In a Nation wide radio ad-
dress last night by Representative
Rogers, Republican. OF Massachusetts,,
who declared the President had the
authority to provide relief and as
Evening star., 1935-04-12

measure the change
Records made a decade ago in one
State showed an average highway
speed for uninterrupted travel Of 256
miles an hour Incomplete ANALYSIS
of studies made by the Bureau of
Public Roads in Eastern Massa-
chusetts last Summer indicated an
average speed Of about 80 miles per
hour.
Drunk Test Held Need.
"The figures seem surprisingly low"
said Eliot. I'VE are accustomed to
think of travel at speeds consistently
over 40, or even so, miles an hour,
yet observation in number of States
rarely has shown averages exceeding
40 miles an hour"
From the safety standpoint. how
ever, the average speed tells only a
part of the story" he added. The
danger in the rising average is the in
crease of speed in the upper end of
the scale. There are some drivers
who try to take full advantage Of
the top speeds Of which their cars are
capable"
Eliot says that, while the obvious
Evening star., 1935-04-12
Speed and Liquor Held Chief
Factors in Auto Accidents
Economist Points to In.
creases Made by Car
Manufacturers.
Declares Strict Enforce
nae,,t of Drunken.Driu.
ing La,U Is Necessary.

By the Associated Press.
The increase in the speed capacities
of motor cars and the repeal of pro-
hibition are new factors that stand
out in a grave automobile accident sit
uation, according to William G. Eliot,
highway economist of the Bureau Of
Public Roads.
Mr.. Eliot, who has made special
study of the rising accident rate
$4,000 automobile fatalities In 1884
broke all previous records-points out
that in the last two or three years, the
lowest priced cars have been designed
for speed performance almost equal
to that of the most expensive ones.
He says that while repeal Of pro-
hibition has not had all of the dire
results predicted for it by some of its
opponents, scattered reports do indi-
cate rise in the number Of accidents
chargeable. at least, in part, to in
toxication."
Horsepower Increased.
The maximum brake horsepowers of
the 1880 models of three of the most
popular low-priced cars were 40. 46
and As respectively. For the 1888
models the corresponding figures were
IS, 65 and 10, and for the 1884 model
90, 80 and II horsepower. according to
Eliot.
This development in the cars that
make up so large proportion of
automobile sales has had controlling
effect on the general speed average"
he said. ANY one who buys a car now
can travel at speeds reserved only a
few years ago for select few"
He says raising or removing of legal
speed limits in recent years reflects
changing driving habits. but does not
Evening star., 1935-04-12

Oliphant. Mrs. Millard Thompson,
Mrs. Chester Smith and Mrs. w. H.
Trigg were elected vice presidents.
Other officers chosen were Mrs. Will
liam Henry White, recording secre-
tary; Mrs. r. B. Robinson, corre-
spending secretary, and Mrs. Martha
j. Vaughan, treasurer.
Two new members elected to the
Board Of Trustees were George r.
Williams and A. Chambers Oliphant.
The Presbyterian Home, founded in
1906 to care for needy women in the
Presbyterian churches here, accom-
modates 2S, and is always filled to
capacity.
Evening star., 1935-04-12
TRUSTEES OF HOME
ELECT DR.. PALMER
Presbyterian Pastor Succeeds Late
w. N. Terrell as Board
Head.

DR.. John G. Palmer, pastor Of the
Washington Heights Presbyterian
Church, was elected president Of the
Board Of Trustees of the Presbyterian
Home at the annual meeting last
night at the home, 1918 Newton
street. He succeeds the late William
NJ Terrell, president for three years
prior to his death last December.
Mrs. Brainard n. Warner was re-
elected president Of the Board of
Lady Managers, which consists of IL
representatives from each Presby-
terian Church. Mrs. A. Chambers
Evening star., 1935-04-12

answer to the problem Of liquor as
q factor in accidents is the strictest
enforcement of existing laws against
driving while drunk. the practical
difficulty Is to determine when man
Is actually or legally under the in
fluence."
He believes 1t Is too early to ore-
dict the result of research now under
way to develop simple physiological
tests based on alcohol content in
certain body fluids. Such tests, he
warns, must be absolutely reliable or
they will be worse than useless.
Evening star., 1935-04-12
WRITER'S TO BE GUESTS
Women's Press Club to Greet
Misses West and Sachs.

Rebecca West, novelist, essayist and
critic, who arrived in this country
from England last week, and Emanie
Sachs, author of THE Terrible
Siren" will be guests of honor Tues
day at ! pm. at the weekly luncheon
of the Women's National Press Club
in the Willard Hotel. They will come
here from New York.
Other honor guests will be Uric
Bell, president of the Gridiron Club.
and Mrs. Bell; Dr. and Mrs. John w.
Studebaker, Mrs. Richard v. Oulahan
and Miss Grace Roper.
Evening star., 1935-04-12
serted I'VE have a right to demand
that he do So"
n.s~x. ~.-s~ ns~x..->
Paints Dark Picture.

Paints Dark Picture
Mrs. Rogers, painting a dark picture
OF conditions tn the mill cities Of her
State, said the President had the
power to grant the objectives sought
by the cotton industry. She named
these as removal Of the processing tax
and protection against japanese i'm
ports, blamed for much Of the dis
tress of the cotton textile code.
THE answer lies with him." she
said. He has all the authority nec-
essary to save the industry. Congress
gave 1t to him. Now Is the time for
him to use it. We have right to de-
mand it,"
Two requests for interviews were
before the President, one for a mass
audience with the Massachusetts con-
gressional delegation and another
from the New England Democratic
bloc. Today's session with the Gov
ernors was expected to hasten a White
House response to both.
Evening star., 1935-03-24
Controlling Crab Grass.

These early Spring days are not
too late for development of good lawns
and the battle against crab grass can
well be started at this time, according
to j. T. Mulford of the Department
of Agriculture.
Crab grass being an annual has no
footing in the lawns at this time, and,
if the regular lawn grasses are prop
erly fed now. when crab grass time
arrives the present grass will be sufh-
GENTLY vigorous to discourage growth
of the crab grass. Watering during
June and the Summer months en-
occur if the other grass is well es-
tablished.
A feeding schedule in which a
pound of cottonSeed meal or similar
fertilizer is used per 20 square feet at
this time, to be followed in June and
each month thereafter by pound of
ammonium sulphate per 800 square
feet, is considered most likely to pro-
duce good grass. For second-year
feeding, bone meal is substituted for
the cotton seed meal and that alter
nation is maintained.
Mr. Mulford also advises leaving the
grass clippings on the lawn, as the
effect is to produce mulch which not
only conserves the moisture in the soil
but at the same time provides a source
of organic matter which the soil re-
quires.
When top soil is added to a lawn
to improve the ground, not more than
one-eighth of an inch should be
added in any one year.
Evening star., 1935-03-24
THE mysterious art Of gem-cutting

THE mysterious art Of m-cutting
which was born some so centuries
ago, has existed for generations with
out reference books or photography.
An art which is parent Of one Of the
worlds wealthiest trades is prac-
tically unknown in scientific litera-
ture. Not a single book about it has
ever been printed on an American
press. Creations record collection Of
books at the Congressional Library
contains neither tome. text book or
treatise concerning the fascinating
activities Of both ancient and modern
lapidists. Yelled in secrecy from its
inception, this manipulative mastery
of both gems and beautiful stones
has husbanded its mysteries to the
point where they are almost inviolate.
OF all the unknown arts, it has rated
as the most occult. Rival lapidaries
have lived and died without revealing
any of their secrets. Crimes were
committed, blood was shed. but not
even the wrath of royalty nor the
Vaccinations of the underworld were
adequate to loose anything more than
fragmentary facts about cabochon
cutting and the facetting OF precious
and semi-precious stones.
When Albert Bumstead responded
to the Establishments of Semi-precious
Evening star., 1935-03-24

Cabochon cutting is relatively SIM
pie. according to Mr.. Bumstead. who
by its application has made beautiful
cuttings of smoky quartz from New
Hampshire. lapidolite and jasper
from Maine, Amazon stone from Vir-
ginia, moss agate. from Montana. as
we'll as petrified wood. amethyst, sun
stones and many others. The other
necessary equipment includes small
motor and a line shaft with tapered
screw chuck attached to both ends.
The vertical mud wheel is a disk
of sheet iron. bronze. copper or
aluminium about II inches in dame
ter, with a tin shield above the wheel
to prevent splashing and with metal
container for the water and abrasive
so placed that from l to 2 inches
of the wheels periphery dips into the
solution at the lowest arc of its revo-
luton The stone to be cut is either
held by hand. in a sliding carriage
or by an overhead swinging arm.
Although diamond saws are available
for slicing. most amateurs eschew
their use because of the added cost.
A FTER the stone is sliced out it is
= roughed into shape on the car
borundum wheels, these grinders be-
ing kept wet with moist sponge dur
Evening star., 1935-03-24

stone cutting he enlisted In hobby
whose perplexities are almost as baf-
fling as the mathematics of a fourth
dimension. Always an admirer Of
precious stones and precise. me-
chanical work, he now dedicateS his
idle hours in his basement workshop
to the solution of the doubts" which
develop from the lack Of published
lapidary lore. When the writer
dropped in to visit Washington's only
cutter recently he told more than
little about the origin Of the two
types of cutting and how they
transform raw material into superbly
attractive stones.
For your information, it is interest
ing to note that the engraved seals
of Babylon and the scarabs OF Egypt
were the ancient progenitors Of mod
ern gem-carving. About 500 B. c.
Evening star., 1935-03-24

cutting attained It's greatest
artistry, during the days when
sapphire points and bow drills were
used. Altogether. there are now 1875
gem stones, including both precious
and semi-precious varieties which are
handled regularly in the workshops
OF professional and amateur lapi-
daries. Approximately one-half Of
these are suitable for cabochon cut
ting. but the finer and more costly
ones yield their maximum trove of
beauty only when cut facet. Cabochon
cutting or fat work involves the use
of the mud saw for splitting. Sitting
and slicing the stone, carborundum
grinding wheels for roughing and
shaping the specimen, internal grind
ers of poplar or maple for polishing
away any surface scratches and
wheels of felt for buffing purposes.
Evening star., 1935-03-24

ing that process" Mr.. Bumstead told
me. Strong hands come in handy"
he continued, where the specimen
is held in the fingers. Its position
is changed frequently to effectualize
efficient shaping. Opaque stones such
as the innumerable varieties of quartz
and colorless agates are customarily
cut cabochon to best show up their
colors. It is essential to cut the
curves in the rounded upper surface
of the stone as accurately as possible
and to continue the grinding until
all defects in curvature are elimi-
mated
Even after the carborundum grind
ing has been completed. there are
still dininutive, fiat surfaces and
angles in the stone surface which
must be removed. In order to elimi-
nate such and perfect the specimen,
it is mounted with sealing wax on the
end of a stick with the fiat face Of
the stone seated against the stick
end. After the wax hardenS the
specimen stone is smoothed out and
produces a very fine-grained surface
by polishing it on one of the internal
grinders. The stick facilitates this
process as it enables the artisan to
hold the stone in the internal grinder
under considerable pressure. This
grinding continues until all the
scratches left by the carborundum
wheel are eliminated. Every once in
so often. the stone has to be removed
from the grinder in order to examine
it under the microscope. Magnifica-
tion aids in revealing the tiny surface
blemishes which otherwise would
escape attention. but which must be
removed. The stone is then finished
on the two internal grinders, one
coarse and the other fine"
In preparing the specimen for final
polishing. the stone. stick and hands
of the artisan must be rinsed carefully
in water to remove all traces of car
! borundum grit. Then the stone is
| polished on a hard felt polishing
wheel, tin oxide in water being used
as the abrasive. The excellence OF
the finish polish depends upon the
faithfulness with which all the pre-
vious operations have been performed
The final bufhng is IN no sense a cor
rective measure which will compen-
safe for previous slack or Sighted
/ workmanship.
BY use of the axle and one whee
of a discarded model T fivver. Mr.
Bumstead has devised special hori-
zontal wheel. or lap, for polishing
large fiat surfaces. This equipment i;
linked to the line shaft by means oi
Evening star., 1935-03-24

amount of pure iron, free from sui
phur, silicon. phosphorus and the like,
in a carbon crucible with pure char
coal from sugar. Subsequently. put
one-half a pound of this iron in the
body of an electric furnace with
powerful arc Just above it between
carbon poles, utilizing current of 300
amperes at 40 volts pressure. The
iron melts rapidly and saturates it
self with carbon. After a few min
utes of heating at a temperature OF
1000 degrees Centigrade, the current
should be cut off and the dazzling,
fiery crucible plunged beneath the sur
face of cold water where it should be
held until it sinks below a red heat.
Iron increases in volume just as 1t
passes from the liquid to the solid
state The sudden cooling solidifieS
the outer layer of iron and holds the
molten mass inside of this exterior
coating. The expansion of the inner
liquid on solidifying produces stu
pendous pressure which causes the dis
solved carbon to separate out into a
transparent, dense, crystal as a dia-
mond"
All indications point to the fact that
the diamond genesis occurred in
nature at great depths under enor-
nous pressure. The explosion of large
diamonds on being brought to the
surface shows extreme tension. More
diamonds are found in fragments and
splinters than in perfect crystals and
in no case have the pieces been dis
covered which coud be fitted together
satisfactorily Some diamonds when
examined scientifically show cavities
which contain gas imprisoned at con-
siderable pressure, which probably
causes them to explode under exactly
the right conditions. The most COM
monty accepted theory of the origin
of diamonds is that they were pro-
duced from masses of molten iron
once held in the earth at extreme
depths, under great pressure and at
high temperature with supplementary
carbon which was ready to crystalline
out on cooling The many molten
masses of iron with variable contents
of carbon, different kinds of coloring
matter, solidifying at different degrees
of rapidity came in contact with water
which eroded through the rock at in
tervals throughout long periods of geo.
logical time. Terrestrial outburts and
upheavalS resulted which undoubtedly
produced the volcanic pipes, scattered
chiefly throughout the Kimberly
fields of South Africa that contain the
worlds supplies of diamonds.
Evening star., 1935-03-24
Rose Problem Solved.

Rose growers In this locality who
are bothered by the rotting of buds
at the base before they open can
overcome this difficulty in part by
spraying every 10 days with Bordeaux
mixture. The trouble usually is due
to stem canker or black spot, both
of which can be controlled by the
spray.
Certain types Of roses do not thrive
in this climate and these should be
replaced by those which do well here
in open ground.
Generally speaking the lighter coll
ored types are less likely to thrive
than those Of deeper hue.
Evening star., 1935-03-24

Top made of either poplar
being restrained in the cut-ou portion by
centrifugal cutting Center Beautiful
products of the amateur lapidays Squang
left Checking
position stone before cutting new facet Lower right
Polishing the gem a tin oxide abrasive
A final in cutting
Evening star., 1935-07-28
Border Patrol Tries Radio.

With more than 1000 miles of
border to patrol along the Canadian
and Mexican frontiers, as well as
East and West Coasts and the Gulf,
the United States immigration and
Naturalization Service is experiment.
ing with radio as means Of tighten
ing up its enforcement.
Although smuggling of aliens into
this country is not so widespread now
adays as in more prosperous years
when jobs were plentiful and America
was the land of hope to foreigners.
there still are thousands of illegal en-
tries into this country and radio
equipped border patrol is a dream
that immigration officials hope to see
materialized.
Operation of the plan would re-
semble that of police radio system,
of which there now are hundreds.
Border patrolmen stationed at posts
along the frontiers, as well as those
travelling by automobile, could be in
constant touch with Federal radio
stations. While present plans merely
include one-way transmission, with
border patrolmeu receiving messages
from a small transmitting station,
thought has been given to the estab-
lishment of two-way communication.
Thus patrolmen could send as well as
receive messages.
Present radio operations of the i'm
migration authorities are in the ex-
perimental stage and in the nature
of a "feeler," but they are expected
to provide the foundation on which a
crack patrol system can be built.
Evening star., 1935-07-28

from 8 to . pm, win be the center OF
interest over wJSv. The Tabernacle
Choir at 1890 am. and the symphonic
hour OF pm. win interest music
lovers.