davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1935-09-01
MYSTERY SHIELDS
EXPLOITING FIRM
Incorporators Refuse to
Disclose Interests Be-
hind Plan.
Nv the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, August 31.-An air OF
nelodramatic mystery enveloped the
New York headquarters OF the Az
rican Development Exploration co.
today following announcement in Ad-
dis Ababa that the firm had obtained
exploitation rights directly in the path
of Italys projected march through
Ethiopia.
Investigation of the company's brief
history disclosed it was incorporated
at Dover, Del, on July IL, 1885. by
the United States Corporation Co., a
firm which specializes in obtaining
charters for ether interests.
The incorporators were listed as
Alfred w. Britten, Edward S. Will
liams and Vincent w. Westrup, who
were found at the offices of the
United States Corporation Co., at $50
Broadway, which also serves as head
quarters" of the African development
firm.
Insist Upon Secrecy.
None of the three would discuss the
real hackers of the African firm, as
serting their clients had insisted on
the utmost secrecy at the time OF
the incorporation.
The firms charter authorizes it to
drill for oil, seek out precious stones,
gold, silver and asphalt, and to en-
gage in the work of general develop
ment. 1t was incorporated with a
capital stock of 5000 shares of par
value of S100 a share
Francis M. Rickett, the British pro-
moter who negotiated the deal, sale
in Adds Ababa that the concern wa;
controlled by the Standard Oil Co., but
up until tonight none of the various
Standard Oil groups had come for.
ward to claim affiliation.
w. F. Parish, chairman of the
Standard Oil Co. of New jersey said
it had no connection with his com.
pany. While many of the officers ot
the Socony-Vacuum Oil Co. were away
for the week end, those who coulc
be reached said they had not beer
advised of any link between their group
and the African company. Socony.
Vacuum handles foreign operations oi
Standard Oil of New York.
Area Held Without Oil.
Further interest was added by the
statement of DR.. Barnum Brown, as.
sistant curator of the American Mu-
scum of Natural History, that Ethi-
0nia is barren of oil
DR.. Brown said he had spent one
year in the African kingdom study
ing it's oil development possibilities fol
subsidiary of the Standard Oil Co
LAS a result of my surveys for the
Anglo-American Oil Co., a subsidiary
OF the Standard Oil Co." he said
'the field was turned down by the
company entirely. The Anglo-Ameri-
can would not even consider it."
DR.. Brown said he had reported
that while Ethiopia probably had pc
troleum deposits many centuries ago
its oil cap had been shattered long
since and the deposits had evaporated
Evening star., 1935-09-01

Continued From First Page.)
s125, 5,00O) in gold coin or bullion, or
its equivalent, and a royalty of one
shilling six pence per ton of oil pro-
duced for the first Is years. Then
the royalty would be increased.
AS soon as a pipeline is considered
commercially justifiable, the company
shall begin construction of a pipe
line, provided a suitable port for
loading tank vessels is made available.
ethiopia is landlocked)
If a pipeline is not placed within
four years after access to a port, the
company shall abandon all rights.
In the vent of a state of emergency.
of which the government shall be
the sole judge, the company must
attempt to fill all the government S
petroleum and similar needs. The gov
ernment also may use the company's
communications systems.
Evening star., 1935-09-01
PLAN MALTA DEFENSE

VALETTA, MALTA, August 81 Up.
An official announcement said today
a boom defense would be laid across
the entrance to Grand Harbor here
next week as a further bolstering of
island defenses.
AS the announcement was made the
bulk of the Mediterranean feet was
drawing in around the Suez Canal for
what has been announced as routine"
maneuvers. Stevedores and soldiers
labored at Southampton loading arma-
ments to bring Malta's defenses up
to their full schedule.
Evening star., 1935-09-01
CONCENTRATING TROOPS

DJIBOUTI, FRENCH SOMALI-
LAND, August 81 (P).-Great Britain
is concentrating important military
and aerial forces on the frontier of
British Somaliland and is building a
new airdrome.
The French are expected to send
military forces into Ethiopia along the
line of the Djibouti-Addis Ababa rail-
road to protect the right of way, in
formed quarters reported.
Evening star., 1935-09-01

AS lcng as Selassie had no money
the Italians, it is said, did not con-
template proclaiming a blockade OF
Abyssinia. 1t would have opened
possibilities of international compli-
cations, which Mussolini seeks to
avoid, and he was not worried about
the few rifles and machine guns Sc
lassie coud have purchased abroad.
Evening star., 1935-09-01

FOR many IlOIlCIlS AUySSlilldll ull'
official representatives in this coun.
try have been knocking at the dool
of practically every banker in Nev
York to obtain a loan of $4,000 00(
for Selassie's depleted treasury.
They offered as security every.
thing from the gold teeth of the
Empress to the custom receipts O.
the empire.
They Dere met everywhere NTH
the same sdrdonic dnstGer:: And
Dhdt triH happen to those custom
receipts Of yours if the Italians
| occupy your country?" There UlS
no ansWer to such an argument.
Some more adventurous bankers N.
quired at the State Department Gnout
the advisability of such a loan. The
State Department does not interfere
with the bankers business. But un'
officially. privately and of the record
the bankers were told that any suCn
a loan would have to be given at The
risk and responsibility of the lender
Anu LIldL was enough.
X X X y
OF course, a paltry s2,0oO,0o0 was
net worth taking chance. But when
hundreds of millions of dollars are
involved the picture changes and the
Standard Oil Co. and its British as
sociates have taken that chance by
obtaining from Halle Selassie what is
considered the most important con-
cessions given a group of Western ma
tions during this century.
The Standard OIL Co. and its
British associates haze taken a
chance because they are about 80
years behind the time.
They do not realize that the
rules OF the international game
hare been changed"
X X X
AS long as the Abyssinians were
threatened with invasion by a greedy
Western power, the sentiment of SO
per cent of the American people was
in favor of Abyssinia. Any coercive
measure the administration had
deemed advisable to take against
Mussolini would have been heartily
indorsed by the bulk of the Nation.
But the people of this country will
never fight for oil. We have plenty.
But the eleventh hour concessions
obtained by this Anglo American
company we're so earmarked as politi-
cal that even the man in the street,
usually considered as dumb-bell by
high finance. could see through it.
1t is possible that the British people,
confined in their small island, might
think it worth while fighting for raw
materials. But it is cinch that the
American people won't. And in this
lies the psychological error of the
Standard Oil Co.
OF course, this ntoDe iDds in
tended to open Ddst field OF
international complications.
Under the terms OF the trans
actions Selassie ,oas to receiue
handsome amount of cold cash.
This mould haze enabled him to
start purchasing t1dr material
abroad in large quantities.
Selassie instead of obtaining gold,
would have been given large credits
for purchases at Krupps, Vickers-
Armstrong, Skoda, Schneider and
other important ammunition manu-
featuring companies.
The war materials were to be taken
to Abyssinia in foreign bottoms and
through large portion Of the italian
feet. already concentrated in the
Eastern Mediterranean.
Evening star., 1935-09-01

but he never discussed his business
undertakings with me or the family.
II do not think my husband Is able
TO speak Amharic (the language of
Ethiopia). but he has happy knack
of dealing with foreign people, gen.
orally getting what he wants from
them"
One of Ricketts, friends said the
promoter, who is master of hounds
of the Craven Hunt in Berkshire
is man of tremendously big ideas,
who has carried out negotiations for
big undertakings in many parts of
Europe and the Near East"
Evening star., 1935-09-01
British Statesman, Declares
U.S.. Can Aidin Keeping Peace
Lord ParmOOr Believes
People Opposed
to Conflict.
Thinks II Duce Facing
Loss of His Poauer
in african Crisis.

Mote: In the follotDing article the
82-year-old Baron Pdrmoor of
Frieth, one OF Britain's teto remain
ing elder statesmen, appeals for
america and Britain to join TO-
gether as neutrals to stop this
Ethiopian business" Baron Pdrnloor
is a former lord president OF council,
former leader OF the House OF Lords
and tods a friend of former Presi-
dents Taft and Wilson,
Evening star., 1935-09-01

intricate matters of finance affecting
mobilization and maintenance of
field armies, as well as supervision of
general government revenues. He
frequently works 20 hours a day, di-
wiling his time between the palace,
where L. confers at length with the
Emperor, and the dual office of the
ministry of foreign affairs and finance.
The short time that he has away from
his duties he spends with his wife in
their small bungalow on an obscure
street of Adds Ababa, surrounded by
native huts.
Evening star., 1935-09-01
OHIOAN NAMED HEAD
OF DELTA TAU DELTA

observation-disclosures Cho-
sen 1887 Convention City.
BY the Associated Press.
MEMPHIS, Tenn, August 31.-N,
Ray Carroll of Cleveland, Ohio, was
elected president of Delta Tau Delta,
college social fraternity, at its ma
tional convention here today. Pitts
burgh was selected as the 1887 conven-
ton city. The convention is held every
two years.
Carroll succeeds Harold Tharp of
Indianapolis. Other officers elected:
j. c. Creary, Palo Alto, Calf, vice
president; Owen c. Orr, New York
City, alumni secretary; Roscoe G.
Groves, Kansas City, treasurer; Har-
old D. Myer, Chapel Hill, N. c., secre-
tary, and F. Darrell Moore, Troy, N.
Y. supervisor of scholarship.
Evening star., 1935-09-01
STAR ATHLETE WEEDS
LORETTA TURNBUL
Speedboat Queen Becomes Br;
of Thomas Richert in Cali
fornia Church Ceremony.

BY the Associated Press.
SAN DIEGO, Calf, August 81
Loretta Turnbull. %, speedboat queen
and Thomas Richert, 25, star athlete
were married today at quiet cere-
mony in St James-by-the-Sea, pictur
esque Episcopal Church in suburban
La Jolla.
Only members Of the two families
and a few close friends we're present
After a short reception the couple
went aboard the Turnbull yacht for a
brief honeymoon cruise through local
waters. They will motor East in time
for Richert to resume his medical
studies at McGill University, Mon
treal, September IS.
Evening star., 1935-09-01

The Senators. both members of the
Foreign Relations Committee and
''isolationists" in their viewpoint on
foreign affairs, insisted they were
merely saying good-by before de-
parting on vacations.
Borah, who Friday night called the
Ethiopian grant buying an interest
in war" said he had discussed neu-
trality with the President, but de-
clined further comment.
Others Insist on Peace.
Other members of Congress joined
that American commercial exploita-
ton in the troubled African nation
might lead to trouble
Senator Thomas. Democrat, of Utah
said the grant ought not to be a
danger with the neutrality resolution
in effect. Chairman McReynolds,
Democrat, of Tennessee of the House
Foreign Affairs Committee, observed
sharply: Were not going to let some
big corporation go over to a place
where war is apparently coming and
then draw us in with II"
The State Department received dis
patches outlining the Ethiopian trans
action yesterday from Cornelius H.
Van Engert, American charge d'Af-
faires in Adds Ababa.
Secretary Hull would not comment
officially until he could study the dis
patches and obtain further informa-
t1on, but in response to questions, he
said any private American transaction
in Ethiopia presented no more question
than it had or would in any other part
Of the world.
Policy, Not individuals.
Americans are interested in COM
mercial enterprises everywhere, he
said and the Government is not
formulating policies with respect to
the status of any individual interest.
Hull declined to give a definite in
depreciation of the present admins
tion's policy with respect to protection
OF American interest abroad. To a
specific question, he said it was not
the policy for the State Department to
be consulted by private interests before
such transactions as the Ethiopian
grant were negotiated.
The State Secretary explained that
his department deals with policy
rather than individual projects, and
that consideration is given to each
problem on its merits as it arises.
He added that the United States
does not undertake to follow every
American wherever he goes in foreign
countries, oversee what he does or ad-
wise him as to what he should or
should not do in private business deal
3ngs.
President Given Discretion.
In addition to the temporary manda-
tory arms embargo, the new law also
seeks to prevent any future American
ENHANCEMENT in foreign wars by au-
thorizing the President, at his dis
cretion:
To prohibit American vessels from
carrying war munitions to belligerent
countries:
To warn Americans against travel
ing on ships of belligerent nations or
entering danger zones.
To prohibit submarines from enter
ing American ports.
To require bonds from American
ships against their providing men.
fuel. ammunition or supplies to war
or supply ships of any belligerent ma
ton.
A national munitions control board
also is set up to oversee the manufac-
ture and export of munitions under a
system of licenses.
Evening star., 1935-09-01

The Tavarish of the Third Inter.
rationale must be licking their chops
at this most important news.
What a marvellous field for propa
ganda they have, playing on the old
tune of capitalist greed" "ammuni-
ton makers war" and the other cries
which have been used for the last
i8 years.
Evening star., 1935-09-01

But the day it is positively known
that the Abyssinians are going to be
supplied with war material in large
quantities it is likely Italy will block
ade Abyssinia and enforce that block
ade. And what will happen when
italian cruisers stop French or Brit
ish merchantmen-we are out of the
picture the moment the President
signs the neutrality bill-is dificult
to conceive.
A British fleet is already con-
centrated at the mouth of the Suez
Canal. The Italians are concen-
trdted in Sicily. Mussolinfs hope OF
terminating the campaign against
Abyssinid lies chiefly in the fact
that the AbysSinians are unarmed.
II he sees possibility that the
struggle tCiu be protrdcted by
SelaSSie obtaining war material in
large quantities he will not hesitate
to apply all the rules OF the udr
and make the blockade effective.
Evening star., 1935-09-01
Neutrality

Continued From First Page.)
Evening star., 1935-09-01
London

Continued From First Page)
Evening star., 1935-09-01
Ethiopia

Continued From First Page)
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1935-05-17
AT THE
STATE HOUSE
(By Our Helena Correspondent
MUST PAY INCOME TAX

HELENA-Neither public officers o
federal employees are exempt from pay
ment Of hi state income tax, the Mon
tana supreme court has decided. The
test regarding the salaries of public
officers came in an action instituted
by the administrator of the estate of
the late Judge W.. H. Poorman of Hell
ena. That affecting federal employees
came in an action brought by v. w.
Pomeroy. an employe Of the Recon-
structiOn Finance corporation, ques-
tioning the right of the state to a
the income of an emplOye of a federal
agency.
In the Poorman case the state supreme
court reverses the majority opinion OF
the United States supreme court. con-
curing in the dissenting opinion Of Jus
tice Brandeis, which said that Ito re-
quire a man to pay the taxes that all
other men have to pay cannot possibly
be made an instrument to attack the
independence of a Judge"
In the Pomeroy case h court held
that employees Of federal agencies such as
the Reconstruction Finance corporation.
are employees Of the corporation Of which
the United States is the stockholder. and
as in other corporations privately own
ed. are employees Of the corporation and
not Of the stockholders. and therefore
are not exempt from payment Of the
state income tax.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1935-05-17
LAW HELD IMPERATIVE

The law passed by the recent session
of the legislature providing for the pay
ment of delinquent taxes in installments,
is held imperative and void in an opin-
ion rendered by Attorney General Maggie.
on the ground that it violates portions
Of both the state and federal constitu-
lions. The attorney general cites article
S Of section SO CT the state constitution,
which says that no obligation or liabil-
ity heid or owned by the state. or
ever be exchanged, transferred, RENTED.
released or postponed or in any way
diminished by the legislative assembly
nor e~xtinguished except by pay
ment thereof into the proper treasury" It
is also stated that in the view OF the
attorney general the law violates section
l of the 18th amendment to the federal
constitution, in that it denies to some
taxpayers the equal protection Of the
laws ...."
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1935-05-17
RECOMMENDS CLEMENCY

Acting Gov. Holt a Recommended
communication Of the sentence of Joseph
Manner, convicted from Lincoln county
of an assault upon his own daughter,
and given a term Of from 20 to 40 years
in the penitentiary. Because the prisoner
is afflicted with a malignant disease from
which he will die If he is retained in
prison, the governor has recommended to
the board Of pardons n paroles that
the sentence be cut to 10 years, thus
making him eligible for parole. Another
daughter of Manners, living in the east,
has promised to give her father a home
If he is released. Manner has been in
prison about six months.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1935-05-17
MONTANA SAFETY WEEK

Gov. Frank H.. Cooney has designated
the week OF May 10 to 10 as Safety week
Montana. The occasion Is coinciden-
tai with h beginning Of operations OF
the Montana highway patrol. as three
motorcycle patrolmen will begin work in
the Helena area at that time. In his proc
lamation the governor urges that during
this period every citizen who owns or
operates a motor vehicle thoroughly ia
miliarize himself with the rules which
must be observed in highway driving: let
him make sure that he is the possessor
OF the requisite vehicle and drivers
license; let him resolve that the rules
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1935-05-17
CHAUFFEURs SAVE MONEY

The new auto drivers license authoriz-
ed by the recent legislature replaces the
chauffeurs' license provided for by a law
enacted in 1921, according to an opinion
rendered by Attorney General Nagle at
the request of l.. J. Croonenberghs.
chairman of the highway patrol board.
Which means that chauffeurs will save
s1.50 apiece by operation of the new
law.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1935-05-17

and their own clearance the old school
room saw: Round and round the rug
ged rocks the ragged rascal ran" Or to
repeat quickly three times: Methodist
Episcopal" Or he may be required to
withstand the Romberg test, which is to
stand straight, heels and toes together,
head thrown back. eyes closed. and try
not to wabble or sway. The suspect may
also be asked to hold a ruler n up on
the ground with his right hand place his
left hand under his right arm and grab
his right ear and then without loosing
any holds circles the ruler three times.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1935-05-17
REER TAX TOTAL MOUNTS

During the two years in which the
sale OF beer has been legal in Montana
the state tax collected from it has pour
ed more than a million dollars into the
state treasury. according to figures re-
leased by the state board of equaliza-
ton. Indications are that the state in
come from that source will maintain a
steady increase. The total collected this
year to May l is $780, OTIS. Reports to the
board are to the effect that Montana
breweries are increasing their sales both
within and without the state. April re-
ceipts, based on March consumption
show that Montana brewerles sold 60
percent Of all beer consumed in the
state during that period.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1935-05-17

80 miles Of road and the construction of
several bridges. hi commission has an
nounced that the contractors will be
required to pay a minimum of go cents
an hour for unskilled labor. rs cents
an hour for the lowest c~lassifications OF
intermediate grade labor and a minimum
of 81 an hour for skilled labor.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1935-05-17

DR.. Dimon Of Poison was called to the
Swan axe country recently and while
driving along the east shore OF Swan
lake from he Kelly and Evans place to
the Covington lodge counted over 40
deer along the way. He said they all
looked as though they had wintered well.
number OF deer in a stretch OF
miles would tend to prove that the
deer population is increasing.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1935-05-17
TO IMPROVE CREAM STANDARDS

B. F. Thrailkill, head Of the diary di-
vision of the state department Of agricul-
ture, will discuss with federal inspectors
plans for a campaign to raise the stand
ards Of cream offered by the dairymen
end farmers Of Montana. Figures re-
oeived by Thrailkill from the American
Association OF Creamery Butter Manu-
facturers show the states production Of
butterfat during the first three months
OF 1885 was 11.62 under the production
OF the same period Of the year before.
The decrease Is attributed to the destruc-
ton Of drouth affected dairy stock.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1935-05-17
HIGHWAY PATROL EQUIPMENT

State Purchasing Agent T. J. Collins
has awarded 81, 200 in contracts for the
materials needed for the initial uniform
equipment of the 26 Montana highway
patrolmen. The Symons store OF Butte
will supply the coats. blouses, breaches
and trousers. Boosters store Of Helena
the Sam Browne belts. holsters, cartridge
cases and other equipment. and Arnolds,
Inc, Of Helena, the shirts boots.
The patrolmen will be required. however,
to paw for their own uniforms.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1935-05-17
MAY RUILD LIQUOR WAREHOUSE

The State liquor control board Is con-
sidering the advisability Of erecting its
own warehouse as a PWA project. 1t is
stated that warehouse facilities are at a
premium in Helena. Discussing the mat
ter the board considered the erection OF
a building to cost $4,000 which would
it to obtain a PWA loan Of $685.
COO. Definite action has not been taken
in the matter.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1935-05-17
DRUNK DRIVING TESTS

Montana highway patrolmen now at
tending q school OF instruction under the
dome are being given the fine
in methods Of detecting drunken
Autoists who start out for a
spin after having a snort" should.
therefore, be prepared to repeat for the
OF the guardian Of the law
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1935-05-17
Advance G. Force
Now at Beaver Creek

Moving to their campsite on Beaver
creek. the advance contingent Of Geo
youths, numbering 20, in charge Of Lieu
tenant Oglesby, spent one day recently
pitching tents and getting temporary
quarters in place. Permanent buildings
Of wood will be constructed as soon a.
possible to house the 2o6 men and three
officers who will be at the camp for SIX
months.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1935-05-17
TAX TOTAL

State gasoline tax collections for April
totalled S31O,81O.s1. Presenting that the
monthly totals will increase markedly
during the next few months OF summer
tourist travel, it is estimated that Mon
tana,s 1885 income from that source
alone will approximate more than s4,-
600, 900.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1935-05-17

On May II the Montana state highway
commission will award construction con.
approximately S450.000. The projects,
located for the most part In the western
and northern part Of the state. will en-
brace the surfSctng and grading OF about