davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times., 1935-10-26
TOnGL Quality

The tonal quality Of the in
StrumentS Of the orchestra Of this
age were doubtless so different
from the tone Of present-day in
StrumentS as to render the tone
Of the older instruments almost
unrecognizable to the modern ear.
If the modern jazz orchestra
leader, ever in search of different
noises. should go back and ap-
propriate the use of many of
these old instruments, he would
surely give his listeners a thrill.
Most Of these instruments now
repose in glass cases in museums
where the jazz orchestra will prob
ably find its final resting place.
Composers Of the Eighteenth
century perio. were more con-
cerned with the melody and the
bass parts, usually leaving the
other orchestra parts to be filled
in by less experienced hands.
While the taste Of the period
asked Of an orchestra the ability
to represent a thunder storm, the
song Of a bird or the murmur of
a brook, it was done in q re-
strained and dignified manner
that required a stretch Of the
imagination to guess what was
meant.
Bach and Handel used the
harpSichord, on which sustained
tones were impossible, with the
result that the instrumental
music Of both composers is char
acterized by almost continuous
movement. Music was written
for the then crude flute and
trumpet that can scarcely be
played by present-day performers.
How these parts were performed,
If ever, remains a mystery.
Gluck, who was influenced by
Handel, in adding two clarinets
completed the general outline OF
the symphony orchestra. With a
more complete range Of tonal
color at his disposal, Gluck dis
covered the emotional side Of the
orchestra, interpreting dramatic
action along with the singers in
opera. He also emphasized the
Importance Of the overture.
Previous to the time of Gluck,
it was the general practice for
the leader of the orchestra to play
the harpsichord. AS the leaders
instrument was easily overpow-
cred by the other instruments, the
string and wind players frequently
took delight in drowning out the
harpsichord. Gluck abolished
the hardsichord from the orches-
ira.
Up to this time, Italy contrib
uted little to the orchestra, but
greatly encouraged individual
technic in virtuoso playing. Thus
it was that the greater technical
ability of southern Europe was in
preparation for the greater de-
mandS that were being made upon
the orchestra.
Composers began to reach out
The Washington times., 1935-10-26
Violin Family
First To Be
Developed
BY THE MUSIC EDITOR

The modern symphony orches-
ira beginning with the time in the
Sixteenth century when a per
Torrance was a free-for-all with
the audience and the musicians
amusing themselves by singing ano
playing out of time and tune, has
made the most rapid advancement
in the last so years.
When the early orchestra was
welded to the first forms Of what
we call opera, the result was de-
Scribed as q fracaS-the most ex
penSive form Of noises.
Just how the term orchestra"
crept into musical language as
applying to an instrumental en-
Semble cannot be explained. The
word originating with the ancient
Greeks was used to denote that
portion Of the theater situated be-
tween the audience and the stage.
This space was used by dancers
and vocal choruseS.
But the connection between this
space in front Of the theater foot
lights and the regular position Of
the instrumental ensemble was
not q matter Of regular practice
until about IS years ago. In 1871
the Theater Francois and q little
later, Wagner at Bayreuth, placed
the orchestra in pit.
For several centuries prior to
the middle Nineteenth century,
the term orchestra as applied
to an instrumental ensemble was
in common use. When an or
chestra was used in a theatrical
performance, it played some
times on the stage, sometimes
behind the scenery, sometimes be
hind the audience, and sometimes
before the footlights.
AS early as the time Of Edward
" Of England in the Fourteenth
century, there are records of an
orchestra composed Of trumpetS,
luteS, trombones, violS, cornemuse,
flutes, virginalS and drums. BY
the Sixteenth century, orcheStraS
were common in France and per-
formed for all court occasions.
The French practice was to
maintain two ensembles: an or
chestra composed Of string instru-
mentS for the more dignified
court music, and a larger orches.
ira for dances adding to the
strings, oboes, flutes, trumpetS,
trombones and drums.
Henry VIII of England boasted
an orchestra made up Of Ga string
and 215 wind instruments to-
gether with many forms Of key.
board instruments. In italy, the
Duke Of Ferrara maintained an
orchestra from which Is handed
down the first reference Of q
conductor using a baton.
The Washington times., 1935-10-26
Early Records

In this Sixteenth century period
there developed a practice from
which the modern form Of con-
trapuntal orchestration had its be
ginnings. In the practice called
at the time, counterpart ALA
menta," a theme was given out;
each singer and instrumentaliSt
embroidered it to suit his fancy.
After a number Of years the idea
was not funny any more and it
died out.
In 1878. Garzian, a composer
suggested that instrumentaliStS
might improviSe on the themes he
played with the result that herein
was the serious beginning Of mod.
ern orchestration in counterpoint
form. The beginnings Of the pres
ent jazz orchestra gave like oppor-
tunity for each individual must
clan to improviSe and evolve
"dirt" choruSes.
Queen Elizabeth Of England was
q performer Of note and main
tanned an orchestra Of 40 players.
There was up to this time a great
variety Of Instrumentation in the
various orcheStras. Each orches.
ira leader was compelled to use
the means at hand, with the re-
suit that musical scores arranged
for one orchestra could seldom be
played by others.
The modern orchestra is built
around the string section because
the violin family was the first to
be developed into a uniform and
playable form. Players became
more advanced in the technic of
the string instruments than it was
possible for players on the early
forms Of the wind instruments.
Composers were more occupied
with the construction Of their
themes than how to best express
their ideas by using various SEQ
The Washington times., 1935-10-26
Story Of Its Progress

THIS is the Introductory
Il article Of q series by Carl
L. Bemies, music editor Of
The Washington Times, on
the modern symphony Orches-
ira. In this installment Mr..
Bemies traces the growth
and development Of the su-
perb orchestra as we know it
today, showing how it grad
ualIy evolved from haphaz-
ard and ill-defined musical
organizations Of earlier times.
In subsequent articles the
author will describe the vari-
Gus instruments, their ranges,
purposes and possibilities. He
will show how each is used to
express the m mOOds and
thoughts Of the composer
and how the player handles
his instrument to interpret
the composers will.
This series will be Of ines
timable value to music lovers
both those already cOndi-
toned to an appreciation Of
symphonic music and those
who wish to be.
The Washington times., 1935-10-26
The Best
Sellers
FICTION

= ~ 4VN
BUTTERFIELD," by John
O'Hara; HarcOurt, Brace.
VEIN OF IRON" by Ellen
Glasgow: Harcourt, Brace.
WITHOUT ARMOR," by
James Hilton; MORO.
"VOICE OF BUCLE ANN, I"
by MacKinIey KantOr; Cow.
ard, McCann.
"THE STARS LOOK
DOWN." by A. J. CrOnin;
Little, Brown.
GOLDEN APPLES" by
Marjorie X. Rawlings; Scrib-
neP.
NON-FICTION
"COLUMBIA ENCYCLO-
PEDIA," Published by COlum-
bia U. Press.
"SEVEN PILLARS OF
WISDOM" by T. E. Law
renee; Doubleday, Doran.
NORTH TO THE ORR
ENT," by Anne Morrow Lind
bergh; HarcOurt, Brace.
'MAN THE UNKNOWN, "
by Alexis Carrell; Harper.
DWIGHT MORROW" by
John X. Winkler; ReynaI
q Hitchcock.
The Washington times., 1935-10-26

tionS of the chestra for tonal
color. They were content to
think Of the orchestra almost ex.
clusively in terms of the strings
to the neglect Of the wind in
StrumentS.
In spite Of this seeming neg
lect, the makers Of wind inStru-
ments were progressing slowly in
perfecting he tonal and me-
chanical qualities; and by the
middle Of the Eighteenth century
the combination c. music, players
and instruments were sufficiently
advanced and perfected to make
the setting possible for such com.
poserS as GooSec, Haydn, and
Bach.
The Washington times., 1935-10-26

SEATING ARRANGEMENT OF MA,
DR.. HANS KINDLER's organization has
been somewhat augmented since this pho
tograph was made. It is now made up of
The Washington times., 1935-10-26
For Book
LOOeH:S

Looking far ahead Farrar and
Rinehart announces that Hervey
Allen has been travelling around
in the historic Cherry Valley coun-
try collecting material for his new
novel which will be published
June 26, 1887.
katharine Brush is busy writing
a series Of short stories which she
will complete before starting an
other novel to follow Don't Ever
Leave Me-"
Appleton-C Century has published
"Jane Addams," an authorized
biography by James Weber Linn.
Kathleen Norris newest IS
Shining Widows" with a Cali
fornia setting.
H. G. Wells says that in a
hundred years from now their
will be no COLDS, no broKen glass
and no laundries. We shall have
conditioned air even in the
streets. Glass will bend instead
of breaking and clothes will last
week and then be thrown
away. He predicts all this in
Things to Come" to be pub
lished october 20 by the Mac
MILAN Company.
''War and Wages" another
opinion on why we go to war
and what we get out of it is
being published this month by
the Primrose Publishing Corpora
ton. It is from the pen Of
Robert E. Adams, former major
in the United States Marine
Corps.
The Washington times., 1935-10-26

love for painting the chubby faces
Of children.
OF the portraits in oil on eX-
hibition, perhaps the two most
attractive are those which failed
to take prizes. In one of them,
entitled Carrots" Miss Belcher
proves that she is a master of
light and shadow. Her portrait
of ~. c. B." is alive and colorful.
One Of her paintings has al
ready been given two prizes. 1t
is her Portrait by Night" a pre-
liminary sketch, which has taken
the Proctor Prize Of the National
Academy of Design, 1881, and the
Lippincott Prize Of the Pennsyl-
vania Academy Of Fine Arts, 1882.
"The Bouncing Baby" a de-
lightfuI study of infancy in which
the artist displays her predilec-
ton for painting cherubic faces
with big, round baby eyes, took
the Alexander H. Hudnut Prize
Of the American Water Color
Society.
The D. ]. Mccarthy prize Of the
Second National Exhibition at the
Palm Beach Art Center, 1884, was
given for Miss Belcher'S apple
Johns Daughter" a forlorn little
girl against a background of
apples.
Newark's Arts Club gave its por-
trait prize to the artists portait
Of Stephen Paterson Belcher.
In addition to the oils, Miss
Belcher has several water colorS
on exhibition, which reveal her as
a follower in the impreSSioniStic
school.
GroteSque figures symbolizing
events. from modern life charac-
terize the greater number Of her
water colorS. There are, for in
stance, studies on a radio amateur
night, a revivaliSt meeting and
kindred subjects.
The Washington times., 1935-10-26

and ink drawings by Mary King
Porter, a Washington artist.
Miss Porter'S water colorS are
resplendent in lovely color, with a
profuSion Of sunlight, and in both
her water colors and pen and ink
sketches, she displays a fine sense
for composition.
She is a member Of both the
Washington Water Club and the
Arts Club of Washington.
Both exhibitions will remain at
the Arts Club through NoVen'
ber 3. y"
The Washington times., 1935-10-26
Exhibit illustrates Trend
In Portrait Painting

What is the trend in American portrait painting?
Perhaps trip to the Arts Club Of Washington will answer
the question.
On exhibition there is the work Of Hda Belcher of New
York city and Vermont portrait painter Of the hyodd
paintings exhibited four prizewin
a
The Washington times., 1935-10-26
MARY KING PORTER

The Arts Club Is also exhibiting
a number Of water colorS and pen
The Washington times., 1935-10-26

Miss Belcher shows a remark
able ability to use brilliant color
in her portraits, and q certain
, 1935-09-08

ings for flowers for the Mid-win-
ter Fair was held and also a discus
sion OF the city-wide Identification
contest which the Garden club Is
sponsoring. Detailed announcements
Of the contest will be made at an
early date. Committees at work on
the project include Mrs. w. @.
Fields, Mrs. N. 3. Lakeland. Mrs
II. M. Dunnaway.
Mr.. and Mrs. Charles Phillips,
Mrs. r. N. McCreery and daughter,
Mary Frances. left recently for their
homes In Houston following a visit
here with Judge and Mrs. Will 9.
Fields.
Mr.. and Mrs. n. H. Schander and
children returned Wednesday from
J~onesboro where they attended a
family reunion Ct the LOvelace fam
lily. relatives of Mrs. Schander.
Mr.. N. "A. Lovelace Of Houston was
the guest Thursday and FRIDAY OF
his niece. Mrs. n. II. Schander.
A large delegation Of young people
from the Harlingen Methodist
church are expected TO attend the
Valley-wide meeting OF Methodist
Young Peoples Union 70 be held
Sunday at the Methodist church in
Brownsville. Rex Patterson Of Har-
lingen will be the speaker CT the
Sunday School period.
, 1935-09-08
Meu,s Items
GSebastiar
isneciai 70 The Heraldl

SEBASTIAN. Sept. 7.-Mr. and
MRS. Riley Morris left wednesday
Tor San Angelo to spend two weeks
with their son. Harry Morris and
Mrs. Morris.
Lee Clements returned home this
week from east Texas where he has
oil interests. He was accompanied
by John Praeter, Of Lyford.
Miss Betty Gwen Barlowe left Fri
day for Edinburg where she viii an
ter Junior college there.
Miss Ada Bess StauingS will leave
"A the near future for Denton
where she win enter c. ]. A. as q
freshman
Mr.. and MRS. Robert Ray spent
last week at Port Isabel.
Mr.. and Mrs. Harvey Klemann and
small daughter, Ramona, and MI.
and Mrs. Ewing. Of Donna, were re-
cent guests OF Mr. Klemann's moth
or. and other relatives.
Miss nellie SprauSe and Miss Lois
Wilson arrived Friday from Woods
boro. They were accompanied by
Newton Klemann who has been
spending the summer with his grand
parents. Mr.. and Mrs. j. r. Sprause
at woodsboro, and his uncle, Ar
thur Sprause near George West.
Mrs Alice wilson. and son, Rex
ford and daughters, Mrs. Perry
Lokey and Miss Lois Wilson. ac-
companied by Misses Media Nc
Cflothlin and nellie Sprause were
Mercedes visitors the latter part OF
the week.
M. 3. Bourne was an Edinburg
visitor Thursday.
l.. r. McLennon and daughter.
Johanna. were visiting Mercedes rel
etives wednesday.
Among those from here attend
ing the teachers meeting in Ray
mondville Tuesday were l. r. Nc
Lennon. MeSdames Perry Lokey.
Henry Paulmeyer. Misses Belle VII
liams. Cleo Ballard, Lois Wilson.
Melba McGlothlin. nellie Sprause
and Mr.. Cecil YeaRer.
, 1935-09-08

With an afternoon party thiS week
for her little sister. Julia. the Co
casion being her eighth birthday.
Miss Mary Rosalind Saladino as-
sisted In entertaining.
The following were present: John
Reynolds, Bertha Jane NebenzAhL
louise Hauff. Evelyn Gcrnenu.
Peegy Johnson. Pauline and Jerry
laws, Billy Brooks, Virginia Boiling.
Miss Dorothy j. Pattee, daughter
of Mr.. and Mrs. w. Pattee OF Port
Isabel. and Mr.. Ernest Drawe. son
OF Mr.. and Mrs. L. 4. Drawe OF this
city. were married Wednesday night
at the Mercedes Presbyterian mAnyg,
with Rev. Fred Clark. pastor of tho
church. officiating. The announce
ment came as O pleasant surprise
tc friends OF the young couple. botn
OF who are popular members of
younger social circles I'm the Valley.
Mr.. Drawe has been living I'm Port
IS3bel for the past few months.
where he is manager OF the Port
label branch OF the Drawe Dairy.
MI. and Mrs. Louis Erwin OF
Chicago, have purchased rs acres
OF land one mile north on .Aercedes.
on Baseline road. The residence on
the property has been remodeled
a7o furnished by the new owners
into Kitchen apartments for rcnL
Mr.. ana Mrs. Erwin plan 10 spend
to spend the winters I'm Mercedes.
and eventually. expect to locate
here
, 1935-09-08

talk BY Miss Shirley Burke accom-
panied by Miss Norma Britton.
Mrs. + G. White entertained the
Tuesday Bridge club this week.
Bobbie. Billy and Virginia Mountz
entertained with a lawn party
Thursday evening. "A number Of out
door games and contests we're en-
Joyed until a late hour. Mrs. Weems
the children'S grandmother assist
ed by Mrs. Bill Gulledge, served re-
freshments to 10 little guests.
Mrs. Swanson Reynolds Of Corpus
Christi spent this week in Pharr at
the home Of her parents. Mr.. and
Mrs. Z. G.. White.
Mr.. and Mrs Stanley Melton
and daughters, Catherine and Ella
Beth and Miss Onata Klossner re-
turned Monday night from Los An
geles. California.
Mrs. r. r. Doyle and children of
Mission were guests OF Mrs. G. ".
Tanner Tuesday.
Mrs. w. L. Moses and Miss Mary
Alice Moses CT Alice and Mr.. and
Mrs. Fred Seitz OF Uvalde spent the
weekend in the home OF Mr.. and
Mrs. "A. A. Kelley.
Mrs. X. J. Scots and sons. John
Tti, Kinney and Bobbie returned
this week from q short visit in Dali
las with relatives and friends.
Mr.. and Mrs. r. M. Schmuck and
Miss Laura Schmuck OF McAller
we're the guests CT Mr.. and Mrs Rog-
ers Frazier on Thursday.
Mrs. o. r. Newcomer and Mis-
Virginia Newcomer have returned
from Chicago where they had spent
the summer with relatives.
, 1935-09-08
San Benito
Personals

GAN bENIlOs sept. I.-MlS MARY
Frances Meadows who has been q
guest over the summer In the home
OF MI. and Mrs. w. p. Drake has
returned TO her home in San An
tcnio.
Rev. and Mrs. c. S. Dunn will
have as their guests during the next
two weeks their daughters, Misses
Margaret and Norine Of Nashville,
Tennessee.
Among San Benito visitors at Del
Mar during the week were DR.. and
Mrs. Hugh Robertson and children,
Joan and Edward: Mr.. and Mrs
Peirce Dominy, Mrs W. w. House
wright and sen, Upton and Mrs. r,
B., GoolSby and daughter, Charlene
Miss Earle Dawson who has beer
IN the Valley as the guest Of her
father, w. X. Dawson and her sis
ter, Mrs. M. F. Orr of Los FresnoS
has returned to her home in San
Antonio.
Mr.. and Mrs Adolphe Thomae and
children. Adolphe, Jr., and Ed have
returned to San Benito after visit.
ing in Mississippi, Alabama anc
Tennessee.
Miss Laura Brandon Is on a vaca.
ton trip in Galveston and Houston
Mrs. j. L. Perkins has gene Il
Louisiana where she was called By
the Illness OF her mother who wa:
injured in an automobile accident
Mr. and Mrs. l. II. WarburtoT
end children have returned from q
vacation spent in Monterrey, Mex.
leo.
Mrs. 3. Fl Mimms and son. Bob
bic have returned from a trip q
west Texas where they visited with
relatives.
3. 3. Grove VINO - engaged II
construction work In Three River:
visited In the city for several days
this week with his family. He wa:
accompanied on the trip to the Val.
ley BY his daughter, Sally Grove who
has been enjoying a vacation with
her father and visiting in San An
tonic.
r. B. Temple Is In Waco where he
was called by the serious illness o
his wife.
Mary Helen Dimmick who ha;
been the guest of her aunt, Mrs. Car.
Swanson in Austin has returned tc
San Benitc.
Mr. and Mrs. Pete Smith will re-
turn TO the city Sunday evening aft.
er a visit In Longview as the guests
Of Mrs. Smiths parents. Mr.. anc
Mrs. Hamvasy.
Miss Grace Mcmillan has gone
TO Del Rio where she VIII teach agair
this winter In the Del Rio High
School. She is the daughter of Mr.
and Mrs. Arthur Mcmillan Of thii
city.
Miss Ina wilds spent Monday o.
this week IN San Antonio.
Mr.. and Mrs. r Bendixon are TIT
parents Of a daughter born at theii
home Setember 5th.
Mr.. and Mrs Sam Sparks anC
daughter. Anabel and Ruth are home
after spending some time in Alpine
Miss Anabel will return within TIT
next few DAYS 70 enter SUI Rosl
State Teachers College.
Misses Mary Agar and Dolly Vim
SAINT are in San Antonio where thel
are the guests OF Mrs. J. T. Wilcox
Mrs. John Novotny is seriously II
AT her home on North Reagan Street
Mr.. and Mrs. w. B. Boston WHIT
have spent the first part Of TIT
summer In east Texas and Tennes.
see have gone on TO Lewiston. Utaf
where they will remain until Octo.
Der.
, 1935-09-08
Annual School
HedforPTA
Membership
Especial % The Heralal

Especial 70 a Heraldl
HARLINGEN, Sept. More than
10 officers and committee mem.
berS OF the Parent Teacher associa-
ton attended the annual school CT
instruction Tor all local units of the
organization, held Friday at the high.
school.
Attendance prize was awarded to.
the William B. Travis PTA which.
was represented by IS members
present.
Mrs. w. B. Shaw, chairman Of the
committee for the school Of instruc-
ton, presided, assisted by Mrs. j..
w. Rollins and Mrs. j. X. Fair
BARN. other members Of the commit
tee.
Mrs. II. H. Schander. president CT.
the PTA council opened the all-day
session with a statement of the pur-
pose Of the school. Mrs W.. G. Adams.
Mrs. j. w. Rollins and Mrs. Synder
OF Santa Rosa discussed the Re-
latlcnshlp OF National. State and
District Congress to Congress Unit.
Superintendent <. c. Deering was
a speaker OF the morning session
and committee work was discussed
by the chairmen as follows: Histcr-
ian. Mrs. Jewsie K. Liddell, parlia-
m~entarian. Mrs. S. r. Ewing: pub
licity. Mrs. r. II. Wallace: program.
Mrs. John Wood. hospitality, Mrs.
Larry Powers: membership. j. w.
Fitzpatrick; finance. Mrs. Ketchum
Of Santa Rosa: child welfare. Mrs.
w. r. McLemOre.
a covered dish luncheon was serv-
ed al the noon hour and w. @. Black
led the group singing Of Texas
songs.
Speakers for the afternoon session
were Mrs j. G. FairbaiIn. Mrs. r. r..
Utley. Mrs. r. B. Hamilton, Mrs.
Tom Yates, Mrs. M. A. Tennison.
Mrs. S. d. Grant and Mrs. p. II.
Maxwell. Mrs. J. w. Rollins was in
charge OF the uuestiCnaires.
II was announced that the coun-
ty school OF instruction will be held
September p at Santa Rosa.
A delightful hospitality CT the
week was the luncheon AMI bridge
given Thursday honoring Mrs. B. A.
McLarrv ana Mrs. II. n. Schander
in celebration OF their Joint birth
day anniversaries The group Of
friends planning the enjoyable af-
fair met al the Schander home and
served a covered dish luncheon.
Mrs. N. Chenault. Miss Lulu Lock-
hart and Mrs. Walter Iyerson we're
awarded trophies for scores made.
Present were Mesdames Herman
Watson. Joe r. wood. Gaylord Ken
ney. y. u Swami. "A. G.. Hipp. Tom
Crochet. Lew Williams Of san Ben
ito. N. Chenault, Miss Lulu Lock
hart. Mrs. Walter Iverson and the
honorees, Mrs. McLarry and Mrs
Schander.
The monthly Educational program
Of the Methodist Missionary Sec
iety will be held Tuesday afternoon
az the church with Mrs. Joe Frank
Wood as director Of the program.
The topic Of the afternoon will be
a study Of hospitals and medical
work Of the Methodist Missions in
Korea. Mrs. Nathan Powell will
lead the devotional.
The Harlingen Public Library
Board will held the regular month
~ meeting Friday $50 a. m. az the
library.
The Garden club met Thursday
afternoon at the Woman's building
for the first meeting Of the fall sea-
son with the president, Mrs. Charles
H. Simmons In charge.
No formal program was planned
for the initial meeting and a round
table discussion Of immediate plant
, 1935-09-08

Miss Esther swirce entertained
, 1935-09-08
MOVE TO DALLAS

HARLINGEN. Sept. 7.-Mr. and
Mrs. Bruce Stevenson and daugh-
tiers have moved 70 Dallas. Miss
Elna Stevenson was office secre-
tary for the Junior Chamber Of
Commerce for several months and
her place is being taken by Miss
Annie Stockton.