davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1935-03-22
Including "the D. Of c."

Friends of the District in the Senate
will be on the alert lest possible am
biguities in phraseology of sections OF
the work relief bill serve to raise
questions later as to the eligibility Of
the District to share in certain bene-
fits and privileges. The possibility Of
confusion lies in the peculiar status
of the District, which is neither a
State nor a Territory. In wording
the work relief bill and its amend
ments language should be inserted to
specify that the District Of Columbia
is included-as 1t is the intent OF
Congress so to include it-among the
States and the Territories. This can
be done either by separate, clarifying
section, as in the national industrial
recovery acts paragraph (e) of sec
ton 204: AS used in this section
the term State includes the Terri
tory of Hawaii and the District Of
Columbia" or it can be done by
including the District of Columbia
with the States and Territories when
the two latter terms are used.
Senator Tydings has obtained an
amendment, the reasons for which he
expressed as follows:
On page 8, line 1S. after the word
States, I ask that there be inserted
the words and Territories" The joint
resolution is supposed to cover the
territories as we'll as the States, and
unless these words be inserted II may
be ambiguous.
The same ambiguity may arise un-
less the words District Of Columbia"
are also included Senator Glass, in
charge of the bill, is of the opinion
that the phraseology Of section 2.
The appropriation made herein shall
be available for use only in the United
States and its territories and posses
sions," covers the District of Columbia.
But it is unnecessary to risk another
Interpretation by the controller gen.
eral. AS the Senate fully intends the
benefits and privileges Of the work
relief bill to apply to the District. the
sensible precaution would be to make
the bill state that fact definitely.
Evening star., 1935-03-22
Urges Enactment of
Anti.Lynching Bill
To the Editor of The Star:

To the Editor of The Star:
As the time Is at hand when the
Wagner Costigan anti-lynch1ng bill
will be considered by the Congress,
may I, by your courtesy, call the
attention of your readers to the fact
that millions of our citizens have
registered in favor of its passage,
because its enactment will go a long
way toward checking a barbarous
practice which is a disgrace to our
Nation.
Reports of all the hideous details
of these outrages against law and de-
cency at once make copy for sensa-
tional newspapers and are reported
with exaggerated horrors In the hos
tile press of other countries, thus fos-
tering prejudice and hatred abroad.
The local Y. w. C. A., the Friends
Peace Committee and the Washington
Federation of Churches, through its
Committee on Race Relations with
the Endorsement of its Board Of Di-
rectors, have given their support to
the bill. Doubtless there are other
local organizations, as well as many
national in their scope, which have
done the same.
Power to deal with this evil must be
given to our Federal courts. State
and Federal courts working together
have greatly lessened the crime Of
kidnapping. The anti-lynching bill
will, we believe, operate in a similar
way to reduce the number Of these
brutal attacks. All friends OF the bill
should at once make known their
convictions to their Representatives In
Congress.
REV. D. BUTLER PRATT,
Chairman Committee on Race
Relations, Washington Fedora
ton 3 Churches.
Evening star., 1935-03-22
Trace of Alcohol Always
Present i'm Blood Stream
To the Editor OF The Star:

10 the Editor OF The Star:
1t Is reported in The Star Of March
IL, 1885, that certain groups are ask
ing for a blood test" as evidence Of
intoxication in cases Of trafic acci-
dents
Undoubtedly many Of the enemies
OF demon rum" would be surprised,
not to say startled, to learn that the
ordinary ethyl or grain" alcohol Is
always present as a normal and nat
ural constituent Of not only the blood.
but the brain, muscles and other It's
sues Of every human being whether
that human being ever drank alco-
holic beverages or not. This has been
definitely established in a number Of
careful, scientific Investigations which
have been carried out in recent years.
both In this country and abroad. And
not only Is this true of humans. but
1t Is also true of other animals which
do not normally imbibe fermented
liquors. Furthermore, this alcohol
does not enter the body as such, but
is formed within the body from the
food which we eat, either during the
process OF digestion or after the d.
gested food enters the blood stream,
or it may be produced in one or more
Of the numerous chemical transfor-
nations which are constantly going
on within living organisms. Finally,
the amount Of this alcohol thus nor
mally present within the human body
is several times the concentration Of
Fifteen hundredths of l per cent"
which Is sufficient Gas alleged by the
united dry forces') to produce in
toxication.
How waffle! That's another thing
to worry about. Well. we'll just have
to have law changing the course of
chemical transformations within the
human body so that no ethyl alcohol
will be formed after we have eaten
our w. C. T. U. meal.
EDWARD WOLESENSKY.
Evening star., 1935-03-22
Defense Preparations
Are a Poor Investment

To the Editor Of The Star:
It really looks as though there had
been some grand Incompetence on the
part Of the various national authori-
ties at and after the close Of the late
war-the authorities who were so furi-
Gus for national defense and for VIC
tory. Victory! Never mind right.
never mind expense, never mind suf-
fering-but victoryl
Yet Germany was allowed to become
as great n danger as ever. The people
who night wars do not have sense
enough 10 make good use Of victory.
President Wilson told them they
should accept peace without victory,
but they could not think of such a
thing. So they had their victory and
they had their ruin.
Germany's preparedness did not
save her, nor her efficiency, nor the
fact that all the world actually did
fear her, Just as they say here that we
ought to have all the world hate and
fear Uncle Sam.
Yet crushing Germany did not make
the other nations safe. Though she
was brought to nothing then, Ger
many Is even now an aching boil on
the body Of Europe, ready at any mo-
ment to break out in a new war, with
new ruin to herself as well as the
others.
Where now Is the security that was
to be secured by all that prepared
ness, all that military training, all
that ghastly butchery and all this loss
Of freedom? What good did Germany
preparedness do? What good did
Frances victory do?
National defense! National security!
BoSh! 1t Is like the rich investment
that the sucker makes when he buys
the Brooklyn Bridge.
The only security is in different
method Of international life-namely,
good will to all, consideration for other
people, even foreigners. and law in
stead Of war for settling disputes.
Every country ought to be in the
World Court and in the League of
Nations. WILLIAM C. LEE.
Evening star., 1935-03-22
Future of Recovery Set-Up
Rests With Supreme Court

but impractical But back Of price
fixing is the equally difficult knot Of
wages and hours"
OF the complex task ahead of Con-
greSs, the Kalamazoo (Mich.) Gazette
says THE problem of deciding what to
retain, what to modify, and what to
eliminate may we'll battle the best leg
iSlative minds. This problem, as every
one must realize, is certainly not sim
plifled by the recent court decisions
affecting various phases and princi-
pies of the New Deal"
obviously Mr.. Richberg expressed
the ideas of the President" in the
judgment of the New York Sun. and
that paper adds: THE administra-
tons desire to restrict the rule of
N. r. A to interstate business grows
directly out of the Federal District
Court decisions in the Weirton Steel
case and in the bituminous coal in
dustry case. In both decisions the
court insisted that the attempt of a
Federal agency to regulate the private
business involved in these suits was
unconstitutional. Seemingly the ad-
ministration fears that the Supreme
Court will uphold those decisions and
knock the N. r. A. from its base"
THE N. r. A. is on the way out:
why. therefore, prolong the agony?"
asks the San Francisco Chronicle,
which feels that "the better way is to
scrap it ALL" Somewhat similar views
are held by the Grand Rapids Press,
the Chicago Daily News, the ST. Joseph
(Mo.) News-PreSs and the San Jose
(Calif) Mercury Herald.
Belief that labor matters now under
N. B. A. could be handled by a Fed
eral Labor Board and the trade prac-
tices by the Federal Trade Commits
sion is expressed by the Baltimore Sun.
There is time for breathing spell
in which to decide what next" OBJ
serves the Louisville HeraldPoSt, and
the Milwaukee Journal concludes: "It
is easy to Snipe. but it does not help
the country. N. r. A. should be i'm
proved and helpful criticism is val
liable. But there is no value in swing
ing the ak Just for the sake Of ora
torical exercise. If there is any states
manship, now is the big chance. The
country would like to hear less criticism
from the great liberals and just one
suggestion as TO how to make things
better"
Evening star., 1935-03-22
The Struggle for Peace.

While Germany bruSquely rejects
the protests of France and Italy
against her violation of the military
clauses of the Treaty of Versailles, the
allied powers are intensifying their
efforts to prevent an undeniably grave
situation from fiaring prematurely into
a state of war. No fewer than three
separate conferences to that end are
now projected. Tomorrow, on the eve
of Sir John Simon's arrival for his
crucial conversations in Berlin, repre-
sentatives of Great Britain, France
and Italy are to hold consultation at
Paris. Following the Simon-Hitler
talks a second tri-poWer conference
is scheduled to take place in Italy.
with Premier Mussolini prospective
personal participant, Finally, the
League of Nations Council will be
convened. early in April, to consider,
at the suggestion of France, what can
be done to grapple, under Geneva's
auspices, with the problems which the
Reichs rearmament program so
acutely raises.
Most significant in these strenuous
efforts to preserve Europe from an
other war conf1agration is the hint
dropped in the House of Commons
on Thursday by Sir John Simon
regarding the conference to be held
in Italy after the British foreign
secretary's visit to Berlin. Sir John
intimated that Germanys presence at
that meeting would be welcome, and
that if she consents to attend it. 1t
might we'll presage a general Euro
pean conference to consider not only
the current crisis, but an entire new
DEAL" which would in effect take
the place of the now practically de-
funct Versailles pact. 1t is suggested
that the forthcoming conversations in
Italy shall not be confined to the
western Versailles powers, but include
Soviet Russia. Poland and the Little
Entente states-Czechoslovakia, Ru-
mania and Yugoslavia.
If so-called general settlement"
along such lines as these should event.
uate from the German rearmament
challenge Hitler's defiance may turn
out to have been a boon instead of
a blight. 1t has already served the
purpose of bringing Europe face to
face with the necessity of mutual ac-
commodation and conciliation if the
crime of 1914 is not again to be
visited upon civilization. Old World
craftsmanship is plainly alive to the
imminence of that peril and moving
with gratifying zeal to avert it while
there is still time.
In the interval Berlin's truculent
attitude toward the protests of Great
Britain, France and Italy is not de-
signed to improve matters. With
every new outburst of Hitlerite bel
ligerency British, French and Italian
determination to meet force with
force, if necessary, becomes more
apparent. Not the least insignificant
sign Of Western unreadiness to let
Germany ride roughshod over the
rights covenanted at Versailles is
Premier Laval's plan to visit Moscow.
There undoubtedly he will discuss the
feasibility of closer military co-opera-
ton between Russia and France in the
event of trouble with Germany. The
renewal of that old alliance is bound
to give pause to the NaZis' cam
paign to terrify Europe into sub
mission.
Evening star., 1935-03-22
THIS AND THAT
BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL.


Mrs. Appleroad reminds US that the
time for lining the lawn is at hand.
This is very kind of Mrs. Appleroad,
to be sure, but since she is a very
kindly lady there is nothing unusual
about 1t.
The wise gardener will do as Mrs.
Appleroad does, and let it go at that.
Lime is a time -honored addition to
the Spring lawn, but for several years
1t was under o cloud, caused by per-
fectly honest effort to convince all
and sundry that an acid soil makes
the best grass, after all.
So lime came to be condemned Tor
time until there was q revolution
in sentiment and folks everywhere
came to see that sweet-sou lawn
had its place, too.
Good Mrs. Appleroad, gardening now
as she has done for half a century.
never worried her head about fashions
in such things.
When the soil beneath her trees
grew sour, as shown by the growth OF
too much moss, she sprinkled around
lime.
That is what she did the other day.
Down the street a way there is a
yard filled with beautiful deep green
moss, so perfect that no doubt most
passers-by take it for genuine grass.
They do not observe very closely, do
they, else they would see the thick
mat of the finest moss which covers
every bit of the acid soil beneath.
This lawn of moss, If 1t may be
called such, is probably the best thing
that could be secured there under
the large oaks where 1t hourlshes.
Surely the application Of lime there
would do little good.
Average yards, with average soils,
had best stick to such grasses IS Ken
tucky blue, the so-called red-top,
mixed in with little white Dutch
clover.
The swing during the past two or
three years has been toward the for
mer, If persistent seeding is INDUCED
in Spring and Fall.
Lime is a good addition. in all such
cases. But 1t should be stressed that
lime and bone meal should never be
put on the lawn together, or even
within a short time.
The reason for this probably Is that
both contain the same elements, and
the use Of both might give an over
dose. Probably there are other rea-
sons. too, with which the writer here
is not acquainted.
70 &c IA odUiNA MT IN
use the two together. Fortunately, few
persons will be tempted. because most
of us think we have done our duty by
our lawn If We give 1t q good dose OF
lime at this time Of year.
No doubt the most widespread fail
ure in the average garden is to fer
tilize properly.
Lining, OF course, cannot be called
fertilizing, exactly, since its purpose
is otherwise There must be some
food in it, however, and even this
small amount is a great deal more
than many gardeners supply their
grass plants.
Probably II most Of us could get
firmly into our heads the idea that a
good lawn is a collection Of good
plants, veritable garden in itself, We
would be more generous to it.
The popular impression seems to
be that grass ought to be able to get
along by itself" That it does. to a
great extent, is very fortunate for
most home owners.
The spreading character Of a grass
plant colony helps fill up the bare
places by middle Summer Then pos
sible periods of drought strike first at
these bare spots, so that your average
Evening star., 1935-03-22

What shall be the future Of the
N. r. A. is believed by the press to
depend almost wholly on the attitude
Of the United States Supreme Court.
The administration, speaking through
Donald Richberg, accepts the lower
court decisions that Federal codes
cannot be applied to intrastate indus
try. Now Congress is expected to be
guided by high-court DEGREES in franz
ing the future course of the recovery
agency.
An unfavorable trend of opinion is
observed by the Dayton (Ohio) Her
aid and that paper concludes: "Since
neither the Senate nor the House is
the future of N. R. A. until the
United States Supreme Court passes
upon several cases involving the con-
stitutionality of the recovery act,
there will be plenty of time for both
sides to present their arguments in
full detail. There will be no excuse
for voting extension of the N. r. A.
without a thorough consideration,
both of experience in its operation
and of questions as to whether the
cause of recovery would not be better
served if the Government limited its
regulation of business and industry" :"
THE weekly downpour of court de-
cisions," according to the New York
Times, declaring this or that part
Of the N. r. A. unconstitutional,
must be making both Senators and
administrators wonder in their secret
hearts whether it is worth while go
ing to a great deal of intellectual and
physical pains to construct new
1885 model N. r. A. which may only
have its wheels kicked from under it
by the Supreme Court"
Both the experience and court de-
yelopments," thinks the Nashville
CTenn.) Banner, doubtless admon-
ished Mr.. Richberg of the advisability
of restricting the activities of the
N. r. A. to the field Of interstate
commerce. Repeated Federal deci-
sions have been rendered. of which
that in the Weirton case was the most
notable, holding the N. r. A. to be
unconstitutional in that Congress had
sought through it to control intra-
state business activities. Though the
act has been aSsailed from other view
points, the most frequent question
that has been raised has been directed
to the attempt of Congress to assume
jurisdiction. through an agency Gre
ated by legislation, Of local industry
and activities"
THE Federal courts are holding,
and there is every reason to believe
will continue to hold" declares the
Wichita (Kans.) Eagle, that the fixa-
tion Of hours and determination Of
wages, If a governmental function at
all, Is not interstate commerce but is
intrastate. The highest court which
has held that manufacturing is not
interstate is not likely to hold that
operations incidental to manufactur-
ing are subject to Federal regulation
under the Constitution. There seems
no disposition in Washington to at
fampt a continuation of the prices
liking provisions Of the codes. They
are deemed not only unconstitutional.
Evening star., 1935-03-22
ter. be a civil conductor. There's
more need for them"

ter. be civil COHuuCCoI' AHeieo
more need for them"
And the story was popular because
thousands Of people agreed with the
old lady. But the tendency Of average
individuals to aim too high was not
to be corrected by even so widespread
an expression of disapproval. 1t Is
part and parcel of the success fixa-
ton" of the public. Few Americans
deliberately prefer to be mere hewers
Of wood and drawers Of water. The
exuberant spirit Of the Nation is an
aspect of its glory. In the land OF
opportunity" any boy can reach the
top"-such Is the faith of the whole
population, and youngster who does
not aspire to climb the highest peaks
of attainment is considered queer"
by parents, teachers, friends and
strangers.
But DR.. Anspacher had ample rea-
son to deplore irrational overcrowd-
ing of the professions. Dozens of
other educators have been equally dis
turbed by the spectacle of the rush of
second-class minds for flrst-class
placs in the most difficult fields Of
human enterprise. Their warning,
however, requires constant repetition
lest disappointment and disaster be
multiplied to the injury of national
standards as we'll as the welfare of
large classes and a great number of
isolated individuals. The words Of
Francis Bacon should be pondered by
those in danger. There is no greater
immortality" he said, than that of
seeking to occupy position for which
one is not fitted"
Evening star., 1935-03-22
SHOOTING STARS.
BY PHILANDER JOHNSON.

Improvement Guaranteed.
Though day of darkness we may see
The world keeps on the move.
When things seem bad as they can b.
They must improve.
A dust cloud comes upon display
In a mysterious style.
1t simply blows itself away
Again we smile.
But those taxpayers on farm
To Heaven again will trust
AS they observe with new alarm
They've lost their dust.
This great existence holds, you see,
To an accustomed groove;
When things are bad as they can be
They must improve.
Evening star., 1935-03-22
All Other States and Canada.
Gilded GateWayS.


an address last night, analyzing
"gilded gateways to economic para
disc" the Townsend old-age pension
plan and the Long share -the-wealth"
plan, has done a distinct service to
the Senate exhibited to public view
the impracticability and the unsound-
ness of these schemes. He made the
explanation so clear that even the
most prejudiced should be convinced
that neither the 5000 -a-month pension
plan for those sixty years of age and
more nor the plan of the Louisiana
Senator, calling for capital levy and
the granting of home, plus radio,
etc, to every citizen, is anything more
than a crack-brain suggestion.
The Arkansas Senator called atten-
ton to the political ambitions of the
Senator from Louisiana, who has be-
come dictator-the first American die
tator-in one of the forty-eight States
Of the Union. Mr.. Long is intent
upon moving into the White House,
presumably that he may become die
tator to all the States. His platform
Is known as share the wealth" 1t
has been devised, as Senator Robinson
pointed out, to attract the many who
are discontented with their lot in
these days of depression.
The good and benevolent Senator
from Louisiana has never yet gone
into the details Of the practical work.
ing of his plan. He has never yet
put down on paper the language
Of the law which is to accomplish
q share-the-wealth program. Sen
ator Robinson said plainly that SEN
ator Long would find it utterly i'm
possible to put his plans into legis-
lative shape. His is a challenge
which the Senator from Louisiana
should accept. Why should the
country not have a glimpse at the
legislation which he would put
through to share the wealth."
Not only are homes and radios to
be provided for all the citizens, but
each home owner, under the Long
plan, is to be guaranteed an income
Of $4,000 a year. This income is to
be guaranteed, as Senator Robinson
said. 80 that they need not toll
diligently, economic or look out for
themselves" 1t does not seem pos
sible that considerable proportion
of an intelligent people would do more
than smile at the suggestion that
such a plan would work. 1t is reni-
niscent of the fairy story in which
every day became Christmas day.
The Townsend old-age plan would
call for an annual expenditure of
$19,2o0,00o,00O year for pensions to
less than seven per cent of the popu-
lation. Obviously, this huge sum
would come from the labor of the rest
Of the population. 1t could be OBJ
tained by the Government only
through taxation, or borrowing or in
hation of the currency through the
printing press route. AS Senator Rob-
1nSon pointed out, it would take the
labor of more than one person not on
the pension list each year to provide
the pension for one of the old-age
pensioners. The chances are that as
the years passed the total sum re-
quired to carry the pension load would
mount higher and higher.
The trouble with both these "gilded
gateways" is that they propose to give
something for nothing. They disre-
gard entirely the underlying principle
that men must work to produce and
to have.