davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-05-15
TWO BADLY INJURED
IN SOUTH SIDE CRASH
Brakes Lock and Automobile
SmaSheS Into Garage.

SmaSheS Into Garage.
Two persons we're injured seriously
today when the brakes of the auto
in which they were riding locked,
causing the car to smash into a
garage at S, Meridian and Bake
meyer-stS.
Hillard Houchins. 81, of 234 Bake
meyer-st, the driver, and Mrs.
Bertha Houchins, his wife, we're sent
to City Hospital Mr.. Houchins had
several deep gashes and Mrs. Houch-
ms jaw was broken by the acct
dent.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-05-15
FRANCE BACKS TREATY
FOR EASTERN EUROPE

Laval ana Stain Read RECORD IN
Moscow Farley.
By Upsced Press
MOSCOW. May 15.-The full dip
lonati weight of France was
thrown behind a proposed Eastern
European nonaggression pact to-
night at conclusion of a conference
between French Foreign Minister
Pierre Laval and Josef v. Stain
Laval, ending the three-day con-
ference, said that France would sup
port the proposed treaty for consul
tation in event Of war threats, to be
supplemented by treaty of mutual
assistance among the members.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-05-15
JUNIOR AVIATORS

Get your models ready for
the indoor contest to be held
in Butler Fieldhouse next
Saturday. Watch for the
starting time TO be announced
later.
Contest is open to all indoor
models built from plans that
have appeared on the weekly
Junior Aviation page Of The
Times.
This includes the Baby Flyer
published on March and 9,
the endurance r. o. @. pub
lished on March IS and %,
and the Baby Pusher pub
lished on March 80.
Prizes for the best flights.
In the event of rain, the
Fieldhouse will not be avail
able and the CONTEST WILL
BE HELD ON A LATER
DATE.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-05-15
Huge Gain in State Aid
for Schools Is Revealed
Filing of Erroneous Claims Aggregatng More Than
$65OOOO Also Disclosed

Huge Indiana township school units state aid and filing
claims than $60000 revealed
afternoon the State Board Accounts
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-05-15
T0DAY'S WEATHER

Sunrise today. 4:29. sunset. 6:54.
Evening star., 1935-12-31

ing of the changes in administration
policy whereby F. E. r. A. and P. w. A.
assistance is being shut off. They prob
ably intend to petition Congress for
grant in aid of the workless multitude.
But they have no assurance that they will
be accommodated. And thus the circle
would be completed and the voteless and
voiceless residents of the Nations Capt.
tai once more appear in the role OF
helots-slaves to a system which violates
and contradicts the basic principle OF
American freedom.
But let there be no mistake about it.
The money exists and the Commission
ers are not asking aims. Taxes collected
from the District are in the Federal
Treasury; loans if necessary, could be
arranged. 1t is vital that the Commis-
sionerS recognize their unquestionable
responsibilities and, upon the opening OF
Congress, go promptly to Capitol Hill
with so strong an array of facts amply
available as to carry the day and save
thousands of Washingtonians from
stark tragedy.
Evening star., 1935-12-31
Special Privilege and
Prophets of Progress
To the Editor of The Star.

TO the Editor OF The star:
Mr.. Raynor. in your issue of December
26, seems to be puzzled by the fact that
mankind persecutes and kills its prophets
of righteousness. Possibly the explana-
ton is that the prophets Of social and
ethical progress threaten the profits Of
intrenched special privilege-dynastic,
ecclesiastical, industrial, etc-based on
the status quo of ignorance and fear.
History shows that the heresy that is
most quickly and ferociously prosecuted
is the one that threatens the system Of
exploitation current at the time. In the
Dark Ages. when men were exploited by
means of superstition, theological heresy
represented the major menace to the ex-
plotting group; in our age of industrial
exploitation, economic hereSy is the un-
pardonable sin. In most cases the ex-
plotting group has been able, by means
of bribery, threats and misrepresentation,
to induce the populace to destroy those
who would be its Saviors. After new
system of exploitation has evolved, the
martyrs of a former system, being no
longer a menace to the exploiting group,
may receive recognition and praise from
that group, but care is taken to distort
and disguise the social import of their
teaching. PAUL r. BIRGE.
Evening star., 1935-12-31
As the Year Wanes.

The last few ticks of the clock at the
of lost opportunities, to others Of ac-
complishmentS during the period near
ing its close. The division of time into
years is not artificial, but is in accord
ance with the laws of nature. The year
is a fixed yardstick of measurement of
human life. The average person sur
wives about seventy of them, and each
of those seventy years is in itself span
of development, learning, action, achieve
ment. To some they are years of failure,
of Illustration of hopes and purposes.
The years that have passed cannot be
recalled. Life within this span cannot
be relived.
To those who live from day to day
with no other objective than mere sub
sistance the passing of year holds no
especial significance. To those, how
ever, who work upon pattern OF per-
formance, who build upon their past
experiences to effect the perfect struc-
ture of their lives, the passing OF the
year entails a reckoning, a survey in
retrospection as the final hours of the
period slip past to the end of the annual
sequence.
The good resolution is but re-
affirmation, usually some thought or
wish, some plan or project, moral or
material, that has not quite fully been
successful in the past. The hope OF
moral or physical betterment is inherent
in man. 1t is that which difterentiateS
him from the lower orders OF life. And
these annual occasions of stock taking,
of retrospect and of renewed courage and
faith in self are tokens Of that higher
existence.
1t is better to have wished and strlVen
in vain than not to have sought at all
for advancement. Those who can build
their lives upon their failures advance
as surely as those who merely continue
their successes.
Evening star., 1935-12-31
Bring America Back TO
The Character Standard

To the Editor of The Star:
At last there rises over radio, in press,
isolated notes declaring that this Nation
has Shelved the old middle class morality
ande gone underworld" And now it rs
reaping the world-Wind!
For a hundred years there was a mid
die class, somewhat Puritan morality
constantly pushing back the wide-open
town desired by underworlds. 1t was at
heart the Anglo-SaXon purge for char
acter and social betterment. 1t rose from
plantation, prairie and everlasting hills.
Gradually. however, after-war demor-
alization and depression broke down this
moral bloc. The country leveled itself to
the beWildered sidewalks of big Cities too
often ruled by an upper-crust, lower
crust coalition wanting to make money
out of that which debauches the people
and hating the moral bloc in politics be-
cause it divides the votes.
America went underworld, believing it
could drink and gamble itself into pros
perity Old-faShioned self discipline,
thrift, hard work, sobriety, became drug
in the market, and men and women went
through the land shouting. You can't
make men good by law" This latter is
the philosophy that releases the under
world!
The great problem of America is to put
back the old, middle class morality, the
responsible voice" that H. G. Wells says
has gone silent in this country, the buffer
between decent America and its under
worlds. j. T. HOWES,
Quincy, Mass.
Evening star., 1935-12-31
Flags ut Public Meetings.

Several weeks ago the Board Of Alder
men of New York City adopted an ordi-
nance to compel the display of the
American flag at gatherings of fifteen
or more persons discussing political or
public questions. The purpose was to
assure patriotic behavior and express
sions at such meetings. Mayor La
Guardia has vetoed the ordinance,
although without his approval it would
have become ineffective at midnight to-
night. He did this on the ground that
such a rule would be likely to accom-
plish exactly the opposite" result from
that intended. Patriotism, he says, must
be spontaneous and not legislated. The
presence of the flag at such meetings,
he holds, would in no way change the
style of the discussions.
AS he says, patriotism can be no more
inStilled into disloyal person by the
forced presence of the flag than can the
love Of God be put into the heart of an
atheist by placing Bible in his hand"
Rather would the requirement Of the
display of the flag tend to provoke insults
to it. For of such is the spirit of criti-
cism Of established order.
A seditious meeting held in defiance
of the law may be treated as such under
the law, whether the symbol of Govern
ment is displayed or not. The flag is
the token of the American system and
its use is to be expected upon all occa-
sions when subjects relating to that sys-
TEN are discussed. If it is not present
the gathering will be no less menacing to
peace and security than if it were pres
ent. The words spoken at such a meet
ing and the spirit in which they are
spoken, and not the decorations or SYM
bols displayed, are the tests of loyalty.
Apart from the difficulties Of enforce
ment Of such rule as that proposed by
Evening star., 1935-12-31
THIS AND THAT
BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL.

We would advise all young persons
taking up photography at this time
and a great many are, thanks to Santa
ClauS-to keep an album Of their earliest
efforts.
Nothing in later years will interest
them more whether they continue with
picture taking as hobby or a profess
sion, or whether they drop the activity
after few delightful months spent in it.
There are no figures to show just how
long the intense interest of the average
amateur continues, but it may be from
one to three years.
After that, with the average person,
photography SINNERS down to the use
of the camera to take special family
groups, at reunions and the like, mostly
in the good old Summertime.
Many homes have cameras dating back
20 years or more, which speaks very well
for the quality of the materials used
in the construction of both box and
folding types of instruments.
Il X
At this point one may speak a good
word for all Photographic equipment.
Recently we used tube of developer
which to our knowledge was at least five
years old.
The liquid had a slightly purpliSh
tinge, but did its work as well as If 1t
had just come from the dealers, and
left no stain whatever on the film.
The same solution was used for
prints, in defiance of good technique,
with excellent results. The time neces-
Sary for development of both negatives
and prints was slightly longer than
usual, but not enough to be material
and the work done was quite as good
as if the liquid had been fresh.
1t may be seen, from this recollec-
tion, that the materials used, including
papers, films, developers, and especially
the cameras themselves, If they may be
called such, are precision made in every
sense.
They are good, to begin with, and
properly handled give results which are
good for an indefinite time.
That is where our admonition to keep
all early work comes in; what is de-
veloped and printed, if these jobs are
time, especially if the prints are kept in
albums.
There is nothing quite like looking
ONtI GIlc O4u pICIuICS Ldhch AL OLlC .
youth.
We came across a few specimens of
our handiwork the other day, just
enough of them to make us extremely
sorry we had not somehow managed TO
keep the rest of them we remembered
so well.
The prints that we had not lost, how
ever, had a great interest, all the more
so because they were as fresh and bright
as the day they were dried so long ago.
There was one photograph of No. 8
Engine Co., horse e-drawn, coming out Of
the station house on U street.
The beasts were properly prancing;
the photograph was clear and simple in
detail with no eXtraneous figures to draw
the attention away from the main
subject.
There was another print of the polar
bear cage at the Zoo which was very
good for child to have taken.
The only fault with it was the shadow
of the bars and this. of course, is one
to be seen in many professional photo
Evening star., 1935-12-31

has disapproved, the ordinance was Ill
conceived and its formal veto will upon
serious reflection be generally indorsed.
In all likelihood the incident will have
the effect of reminding all who organize
and attend meetings of the character
described in the vetoed ordinance that
they should, out of respect for the privi-
leges of American citizenship, display
the flag, not because of any compulsion
of law. but because it is, after all, the
token of their liberties of thought and
expression.
Evening star., 1935-12-31

graphs of Gagged animals. After all, it
is in no sense a detraction, in our view,
but rather adds point to the creatures
captivity. Only ZOOS without bars ought
to have pictures taken not showing any.
Bars ought to show in photographs taken
in orthodox geological gardens for the
simple reason that they are there.
Another print which interested us was
one showing repaving job on Sixteenth
street below T street, probably about the
year 1908.
This was good picture, particularly
good of the tar wagon, with its glistening
contents.
One fancied the aroma of the hot
tar could almost be sensed. Some people
like the smell Of tar and others do not.
However that may be, the odor is un-
forgettable.
These and a few others are the only
samples left of our childhood excursions
into the realm of photography, but they
are enough to prove that with careful
attention to washing both negatives and
prints, the resulting photographs will
last for many years.
The only excuse for sighting proper
washing of film and prints comes some
times in hurried newspaper photography,
but many amateurs unnecessarily slight
this detail, with the result that their
negatives and positives, or prints, will
diScolor and often fade out within a
few years.
The real reason for this sighting of
really significant detail of photography
is not so much laZiness or Indifference
as failure to comprehend the chemistry
of the process.
Some study, therefore, is urged upon
all beginners in this delightful hobby.
Photography is, from beginning to end,
a chemical process. in the main. To
know something of its chemistry is to
add to its delights. as well as to do
better work in it, because chemistry, as
science in general, cannot stand for
SlipShod work.
The necessity for thorough rinSing Of
all work process by process, to remove
all traces of developers, fixing salts, ETC.,
is borne home TO one on eXaming some
of the old prints one often sees which,
even in albums, have discolored so badly
that faces are not to be recognized.
All of these would have remained in
good condition had the young photog-
rapherS taken the trouble to follow the
directions, which then, as now, called for
thorough washing.
The tendency to slight this detail IS
natural, but ought to be kept in mind at
all times for that very reason. for surely
it is a nuisance, especially in amateur
work, which often forces one to use the
family wash basin for the purpose, much
to the disgust of the remainder Of the
household.
We wonder if there is any photog-
rapher, young or old. amateur or pro-
fessional, who has not permitted the
basin to overflow, at some time or other
in his career.
This one accident unites us all, good,
bad, or indifferent photographers though
we may be. 1t is a good sign. for it
means that this detail, at least, has been
attended to properly.
If that important chemical combina-
ton, water, is used enough, and an
album cherished of ones earliest efforts,
in the years to come many persons will
yet arise to call us blessed.
Evening star., 1935-12-31
lust Invitations.

The deadly White House invitation
or -inyitation-once again nutters
the hearts and set the tongues a-clacking
Mrs. Roosevelt, out of the Kindness OF
her heart, sent an invitation to that
former Governor of New York and former
candidate for the presidency, Mr.. Alfred
E. Smith, to make the Executive Mansion
his home while in Washington on the
business of the American Liberty League.
Immediately a crisis arises. There is
stir in political, social and business
circles. The ripples of excitement spread
to the entire Nation and into the hum
blest' 'home-through press conferences.
Indeed, one of the first requisites for
happy-at least comparatively happy
four years in the White House is an
accurate and perhaps an intuitive knowl-
edge when to invite and when not to
invite. Who can forget another of these
crises which arose in an earlier admin
istraton, in that of Herbert Hoover, when
invitations to members of the Senate
Foreign Relations Committee were sent
out and the name of Senator Hiram
johnson was omitted. The reverbera-
tions of that failure to invite still are
heard throughout the land.
There are occasions when it may be
more embarrassing to receive an in
vitation to the White House than not
to receive one. For when an invitation
is received, Immediately there arises
another question of major Importance
can it be declined? In a republic, as
far divorced from royalty as is the
United States. why on earth should 1t
be a matter of embarrassment to de-
cline a White House invitation? II
there has grown up in this country the
idea that an invitation to the White
House is tantamount to a command, it
is due in part to feeling that Amer
leans should always come to the aid
of the head of their government. In
other part, it is due to the effort to
make of the occupants of the White
House the arbiters of society, spelled
with big and meaning, of course, the
upper crust. To decline a White House
invitation becomes under such inter-
pretation merely a case of lese majestic.
Lese majeste or no. Mr.. Smith has de-
clined the invitation to spend a day or
two at the White House with the Presi-
dent and Mrs. Roosevelt. Perhaps Mr..
Smith would have been more embarrassed
to accept this hospitality and to break
bread with the President than to decline.
For Mr.. Smiths advertised appearance
in Washington on that occasion is to
speak to that most bitter of anti-Roose-
velt groups, the American Liberty
League, of which Mr.. Smith is himself
most prominent member.
There were days in the past when it
was Frank" and al" when a Smith
spoke to a Roosevelt and a Roosevelt
spoke to Smith. Undoubtedly Mrs.
Roosevelt's hospitable gesture was made
in the light Of the memory of those
happier days. That it should have Gre
ated so much excitement at time when
threats of world war are hovering and
millions of Americans are still out OF
work is a travesty-of publicity. There
is a lack of balance and sense of values
abroad. 1t would be relief if the coun-
try would agree, as Mrs. Roosevelt has
apparently indicated, that invitations,
even to the White House, are just
invitations.
Evening star., 1935-12-31
Responsibility for Relief.

Nothing could better dramatic the
helpless condition of the people of the
District of Columbia under congressional
control than the present plight of twenty
two thousand families whose members
are facing starvation for the lack Of
practical way to finance relief.
The problem is one about which it is
difficult to be mildly philosophical. 1t
represents the desperate need of human
beings-men, women and children who
are guilty of no particular fault deserve
no punishment, merit no neglect; and
the SOBER undeniable and pitiful fact is
that they are destitute, powerleSs to do
anything about their condition and suf-
fering not only current ills, but, in antici-
patton, worse to come.
Normally, in city like New York, for
Instance, the municipal authorities could
and gladly would do something adequate
for them. In Washington, however, there
is no natural remedy machinery
promptly to do what is wanted simply
does not exist, cannot exist and will not
exist until the city is permitted to man
age its own community affairs or at least
be allowed to have its own spokesmen in
the national Legislature. The Com
munity Chest and its associated agencies,
Of course, might have temporarily met
the prevailing emergency had the ap-
peal for extra funds in the recent cam
paign met with response. But since the
T1u.ley was not voluntarily contributed
and the Chest could not enlist sufficient
support for its ordinary and essential
budget, it cannot assume the RESPONSE
bilities of the emergency.
The District Commissioners, presum-
ably, have not failed to realize the mean
Evening star., 1935-12-31
Shooting Stars.
BY PHILANDER JOHNSON.
New Year Eve,

New Year Eve.
Again we'll wait on New Year morn
For that same little boy
The words of greeting to adorn
With pictorial JOY.
Each New Year eve has brought to view
A chap who knows his way,
Where paths Of dalliance led him to
Fill many New Year day.
We see no rosy little elf
In innocent delight,
But an old boy who pleased himself
BY staying out all night.
Evening star., 1935-12-31
Mussolini SIGNALS a Halt.


During the World War it was favor
!te device of the German stall, when
things were not going well, to announce
that operations were being halted, in
accordance with program" for the pur-
pose of consolidating previously pre-
pared positions" or words to that ell
feet. Retreats before allied offensives
were commonly explained away in more
or less similar terms
Developments in East Africa have ap-
parently impelled Mussolini to take
leaf out of the Hindenburg- -LudendorH
note book. In a cabinet council on Mon
day the premier found himself called
upon to calm rising Italian impatlence
over the inability of the army to make
substantial progress, to say nothing OF
conouering Ethiopia. The invasion has
lamentably failed to proceed accordlng
to schedule. At the end of twelve weeks
the Fascists have advanced mere hun
dred miles from the Eritrean frontier.
For two months, barring inconsequen-
tial fighting, the troops have remained
stationary.
II Duce now frankly comedies the diff
culties which impede further success
Halle Selassie's main forces have reso-
lutelv evaded a major conflict with the
italians. meanwhile harrying them Win
ambush and guerrilla warfare which has
disrupted the enemy'S basic strategic
nlans. MuSsolni states that MarShal
Badoglio will spare no efforts to come to
crins with the Ethiopians decisively, but
gives no hint that another forward drive
is likely ir the near future. II DuceS S
entire attitude, in face of the conditions
confronting his generals SavorS OF an
indefinite moratorium on the campaign
on which he so confidently embarked.
Rome has come suddenly to the grim
realization that the Ethiopian terralnS
natural hazards, plus the resistance Of
fered by SelaSSie's warriors, confront
Italy with totally unexpected situation.
1t is inconceivable that it will be eaSed
before another rainy season sets IN, at
the end of April. Mussolini accordingly
must contemplate long war, extending
through most of 1886. The outlook now
is for a succession of slow advances in
the North, with extended delays for
consolidation" of occupied territory and
bringing up of supplies.
Somewhat less battling conditions pre-
vail in the South, but the insufficient
Fascist divisions there have also been
condemned to protracted inactivity, be-
sides which an immense Ethiopian force
is massed for the attack in the hills
around Jijiga and Harar. Viewing the
entire theater of war, II Duce discloses
that point akin to stalemate has been
reached. To that realization in Rome is
due an increased receptivity for peace
offers. Although the dictator brands the
abortive nglo-French proposals as hav-
ing been inadequate, he hints that terms
guaranteeing the security of Italys pres
ent African possessions and colonial sub
:ects are what chiefly appeal to him. 1t
is an entirely new tone that is now
manifest
With the added knowledge that the
economic siege of Italy will endure in
definitely and is having progressively
irksome effect on the country's life and
finances, the Fascist regime obviously
enters the new year in chastened mood.
Peace prospects are correspondingly
h,-irr