davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1935-05-25
Soil Erosion and
Farm Mortgages
70 the Editor Of The Star:

70 the Editor Of The Star:
Secretary Ickes has said that soil
erosion is one of the worst problems
In this country. He promises TO
speed up control projects to Offset
part of the damage caused by dust
storms and unabSorbed rainfall.
A member of Congress from Missouri
has been quoted as saying: We soon
won't have any farm land left If cor
rective measures are not promptly
taken"
Many millions of dollars are being
spent and more appropriated to con-
serve this basic natural resource. upon
which all plant and animal life de-
pends.
President Roosevelt has surrounded
himself with a very intelligent set Of
advisers who are well qualified to
handle his numerous programs.
spend long idle nights at home
wondering how that intelligent crew
ever expects to solve this soil erosion
problem without determining the real
cause for eroded soils.
successful farmer Is not neces-
sarily one who has a bank balance,
but the one who leaves his farm in a
more productive condition than when
he acquired it.
To achieve this goal one must re-
place the plant food and humus that
Is extracted from the soil by cultivated
and growing crops. This can be
accomplished only through proper cul-
tural methods, the proper rotation of
crops and the growing of legumes
Proper cultural methods can be ad-
hered to only by the farmers who are
IN position to buy lime. adapted grass
seed and fertilizer when needed.
The farmers of this country are
intelligent enough to conserve their
soils. But we are laboring under a
mental and financial strain that is
overpowering us. We watch our pro-
ouctive acres leach and wash away,
with no funds on hand to check this
loss, because every penny left after
our meager living expenses are paid
Tor must be turned over to the mort
gage holders.
The mortgage holders who demand
their pound of flesh and a quart Of
blood, in drought years and depression
years, under threat of foreclosure are
responsible for soil erosion, but that
versatile crew around the President
has taken no steps to curb the real
menace that is undermining agricul-
ture.
President Roosevelt's advisers have
data at their disposal to show the sad
plight of the farmer today, and q
mighty sad plight 1t is.
The programs advanced by them will
eventually enable the rural popula-
ton to take advantage of the fuller
life that the President desires us to
adopt.
But unless President Roosevelt de-
crees that an emergency exists among
the farmers of the United States ana
declares a moratorium on farm mort
cages, very few of us will be owners
Of farms at the end Of this year.
Farming under present financial re-
turns is q heart-rending task at its
best. In spite of this fact, we want
to continue doing our best. But we
cannot do justice to our soil unless
the unscrupulous mortgage holders,
the human leeches, who are sucking
the lite blood out of agriculture, are
checked. MORRIS GUREvICH.
Travilah, Md.
Evening star., 1935-05-25

ton Of armaments in the Dardanelles
awakes painful memories Of the ILL
starred Gallipoli campaign. in which
the Turks, under German leadership.
inflicted upon Great Britain and
France one of the major disasters OF
the World War. While building the
new Turkey along tra-modernistic
lines of progress in the peaceful fields
of commerce and education, Kemal
Ataturk has developed q formidable
army. strategically situated at II
points, on land as well as by sea. he is
equipped, and doubtless determined,
if need be, to put up a strong fight
for the fertilization of the ancient
strait at the junction Of the Aarmora
and Aegean Seas.
Evening star., 1935-05-25
Italy Yields to the League.

It is welcome news that comes from
Geneva TO the effect that Italy has
yielded to the persuasion of the League,
and to the representations of Great
Britain and France in particular and
agreed to arbitrate her quarrel with
AbysSinia. Three days of feverish
negotiation in the League Council,
curing which it frequently looked as
II pacific efforts were doomed to fail,
finally ended with adoption of reso-
lutions which had NIuSsolini's ap-
proval. II Duce recognizes the League S
jurisdiction over his controversy with
the Ethiopians and pledges himself to
settle it without recourse to war.
The result is a notable victory for
the cause Of peace and rehabilitates
the prestige of the League of Nations
at a moment when its fortunes were
once again critically at stake. Mus
solini will gain in world esteem by
his acceptance of an arbltral settle
nent with Abyssinia after having
launched elaborate preparations TO
enforce his will, if necessary, through
a military campaign. The Italians
now undertake to deal with Emperor
Halle Selassie under the arbitration
Tfal hi q n
treaty, which definitely bans the use
of force. In the event that final
understanding through arbitrators has
not been reached by July 25, the
League Council will be assembled on
August 26 for further consideration OF
the dispute. On the face Of this agree
ment the League three months hence
will be empowered to take over the
whole situation in case Rome and
Adds Ababa meantime fail to bury
the hatchet.
There appears still TO be a differ
ence of opinion as to whether the
arbitration agreement requires Italy
to cease further dispatch of troops TO
Africa. The Ethiopians think that
it does; also that it implies that
Mussolini will make no use of the
troops he already has modified near
Abysslnia. These are minor points
compared to the paramount decision
that Fascist military might shall not
be invoked Internationally to bring
the Ethiopians to terms. Italy has
been forced to admit League jurisdic-
ton, thus saving Genevas face, but
Britain and France, as the price OF
that acquiescence, were compelled to
grant Italy's demand that she deal
alone with Abyssinia, at least for the
time being.
Compromises at Geneva have not
always turned out to be all that was
hoped for when made. Mussolini has
a formidable army in East Africa
ready for action. incidents" will
always be possible during the cooling
of period just arranged for. II Duce
continues to kindle the martial fervor
of his people with militant speeches.
His colonial expansion ambitions have
not been suppressed. But statesman
ship and diplomacy have ample time
before them, in advance of the period
when the end of the rainy season
would permit military operations
against Abyssinia, and the prospects
now are favorable that war will be
averted.
Evening star., 1935-05-25

Comments on the radio address Of
Secretary Morgenthau Of the Treasury
Department on the monetary policies
Of the present administration agree as
to the need Of leadership in seeking
the international stabilization of cur
rencies, suggested by the speaker.
Some editors interpret his words as
notice to the world that the United
| States is prepared to cooperate with
other nations in stabilizng, while
others view the address as merely a
defense of the policies Of the admins
! tration.
"The Secretary informs other ma
tionS that the United States is ready
and willing to cooperate" as under
stood by the Buffalo Evening News,
while the Milwaukee Journal suggests
that he has plainly intimated an
| opening for others to approach us
with proposal to stabilize currencies
on something like the present ratios" :"
The address contained much to
enlighten the American people" states
the Birmingham (Ala) News. 1T
was one of the clearest explanations
NCb HIduC VI oul NOAA o. AA SOAAAe OAA
the gold standard and revaluing the
dollar. 1t was an able defense of
American policy. But the significant
thing about the speech was itSindirect
| invitation to the rest of the world to
join the United States in move
toward international currency Stabil-
ization. If the implied invitation is
in, fojf will hp
| justified in feeling that the world is
on the threshold of the greatest ad-
vance yet made out of the depression. Z"
Strong revival Of commerce" Is
viewed by the Providence Journal as
possibility, and that paper COM
ments on the present situation: Sec
retary Hull'S prompt commendation
Of Secretary Morgenthau's remarks on
the need for sterilization of cur
rencies may properly be construed as
another Official intimation from the
American Government that it will
welcome a genuine move by other
governments looking toward actual
stabilization."
The Eureka (Calif) Humboldt
Times calls the address "encourag-
ing," and the Louisville Courier
Journal concludes: when the nations
are ready the United States will put
no obstacles in their way, but it will
not sacrifice its hard-won financial
and economic victories as the price
of an international agreement" Sim
liar views are held by the Rochester
Times Union, the Hamilton (Ohio)
Journal and the Akron Beacon Jour-
nal. The Tulsa (Okla) World feels
that "there will be deep and general
satisfaction that the United States
will not tackle the currency question
alone"
1T is reassuring," says the New
York Times, ito find the Secretary
recognizing the fsllacy Of the gold
scarcity idea and the indispensable
service of gold in effecting interna-
tional exchanges. II European gov
ernments were to use as basis for an
other conference his assurance Of our
Governments attitude toward inter-
national stabilization, som e h ing
might be accomplished"
who will lead the way out Of the
world labyrinth?" asks the Wall Street
Journal. The youngstown (Ohio)
vindicator is critical because "the
Secretary did not say that this coun-
try will take the leadership" The
Rockford Ill) Morning Star argues:
Some interpret the address as feeler
to zee whether other world nations are
Evening star., 1935-05-25
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN,

A reader can get the dns1Ger to
any question OF fact by 11ritino The
Washington Epening Star Information
Bureau, Frederic J. Hdskin, Director,
Washington, d. c. Please tnclose
stamp for reply.
@. What proportion Of the horses
running on the race tracks in the
United States are fillies?-H. H. z.
A. Approximately rs per cent of the
| thoroughbred racing horses are colts
or geldings. The remaining rs per
cent are fillies.
Q. Are men and women often re-
jected for life insurance because they
are overweight?-H. H. B.
A. Overweight is the outstanding
cause for rejecting applicants for
standard insurance. In a study OF one
companay's experience in 1881 26.6
per 1000 applicants were rejected be-
cause of overweight. Practically all Of
them were eligible for substandard in
surance. Women are much more often
refused standard insurance because Of
overweight, the rejection rate for them
being 397 per 1000. compared with
2l.l for males.
@. How long has Robin Lee, who
won the national junior skating title,
been skating?-D. B.
A. He Is now Is and began to skate
under his fathers instruction six years
ago.
O. When was the National Editorial
| Association established?-E. G.
| A. The National Editorial Associa-
ton was founded in 1885 at New Or
leans As a federation Of State press
associations. 1t was designed TO form
a closer bond Of union between edi-
tors and publishers throughout the
United States, to broaden the views Of
members Of the profession who were
equally interested in the development
of the Nation, and to increase their
knowledge OF and interest in every
section.
@. Does heavy water look like ordi-
nary water? Does it freeze and boil
at like temperatures?-F. M. s.
! A. 1t looks like ordinary water. The
freezing point is So c. higher than
ordinary water and the boiling point
1922 higher.
@. What is meant by mill privi-
lege?-T. P
A BY mill privilege is meant the
right TO draw as much water from a
pond or stream as is required for the
operation Of the mill or factory.
@. What is the highest price for
which a seat on the New York Stock
Exchange has sold?-T. H.
A. The peak was $685. 900 in 1929.
This was paid, however. before the
number Of seats was increased, each
holder receiving one-fourth of a new
seat as a dividend. That makes the
S625 900 price really s5oO000 Lately
seat has sold for s65 900. Member
ships now number 1875.
@. Who is to succeed DR.. Notion
as president of Tuskegee? &C. M
A. Frederick Douglass Patterson
will succeed him upon his retirement,
in June. President-elect Patterson
was born in Washington, D. c., "a
years ago. He received his education
at Prairie View College. Texas; Uni
versity of Iowa and Cornell.
@. To what name has Tsarskoye
Selo been changed?-M. c.
A. 1t is now called DetSkoye Selo,
or Children'S Village.
@. For how much did Millets
"Angelus" sell in ls90?-A. A
! A. This work sold for $3.50 900.
/ @. Where is the headquarters of
| the Navajo Reservation?-W. L.
A. The United Navajo Reservation
, has its new central administrative
headquarters at Nee Alneeng, Ariz.
Evening star., 1935-05-25

Chester E. Faris is general superin-
tendent. About $4,000 full-blood In
dians are in this Jurisdiction.
Q. How long has the term refor-
estation been used?-D. T. w.
A. 1t came into active use for re
planting with trees" about 1880.
Q. How tan was Henry clay?-B s.
A. He was feet / inch In height
and exceptionally we'll proportioned.
Q. When was the old calis. aph
patented?-A. T. M.
A. 1t was patented In 1887.
G. What does unwritten law mean?
r. @.
A. The expression has two mean
ings. 1t refers to the law not COM
mitted to writing at its origtr, but
originated in custom or 9th grwise
than as formally made and declared
by the sovereign legislative power as
the common law. In its other sense
it Is used to refer to the assumed
rule or custom that q measure of
immunity shall be given TO those
guilty Of certain criminal acts of
revenge, especially in avenging an
injury TO family honor arising from
seduction or adultery. In this sense
it is often referred TO as existing in
communities where persons guilty OF
such acts escape punishment by rea-
son Of public sentiment justifying
their acts.
Q. Where was the redows first
danced?-M. z z.
A. In Bohemia. 1t was introduced
in Paris and London about 1s46.
Q. Is the devotional magazine.
Today, confined TO one denomination?
W. o.
A. II has been a Presbyterian mag
azine, but, beginning with the May
issue, it appears in Federal Council
edition. and its circulation is being
furthered among all denominations
by the Federal Councils Department
of Evangelism.
@. When was the Iron Cross frst
given as a reward Of merit?-N. T.
A. This PruSsian order was insti-
tuted in 1913 by Frederick William
III to be conferred for distinguished
services in war.
@. Please give some information
about the movie stylst known as
Lillian.-E. L.
A. Lillian Templeton was born at
Eagle Grove, Iowa, and studied de-
signing at Iowa State College. After
moving 10 Hollywood she designed
clothes for her friends and later
opened shop of her own. To get a
start in the movies she became Ann
Hardings secretary. incidentally plan
ming some Of her gowns Their orizi-
nality Of design led to a movie con-
tract as studio stylist.
Q. What is meant by the reporter
plan of the Womans Democratic
Club?-H r.
A. 1t is plan recently inaugurated
to get out information relative 10 New
Deal activities. Under the plan, every
county organization of Democratic
women appoints women in every com
munity TO serve as reporters of each
Federal agency. Each woman Is sup
posed to follow the work Of her par
ticular agency, understand It's local
application, and be ready TO impart
her information to others.
Q. have several fine mulberry trees
Is there anthing can do to prevent
their bearing fruit?-V T. G.
A. The Bureau Of Plant Industry
SAYS that there is no satisfactory
method of preventing mulberry tree
from bearing which would not per
maEently injure the tree.
O. What other name is given 10 the
shepherds pipe?-H z. c.
A. 1t is also known as the pastoral
oboe or nusette.
Evening star., 1935-05-25

Exotic Aquarium Fishes" by Will
liam T. Innes OF Philadelphia, is the
answer to the fish fancier's dream.
Mr.. Innes has written it. illustrated
it and published 1t.
The result Is beautiful volume,
whose excellent, sensible text is sup
plemented by some of the most beau
tiful color photographs ever taken OF
live fishes.
Each one of these plates cost several
hundred dollars.
Each one Of them Is the personal
work of the author, who has spent
many years developing his skill as an
amateur photographer of note.
The keeping Of small aquarium
fishes and the photographing Of them
in color have been this mans hobbies.
Printing Is his business.
4 y
Mr.. Innes worked for three years
upon this book, biding his time while
other works we're rushed into print TO
catch the crest of the wave Of public
interest in the so-called "tropicals.
those interesting small denizens of the
warmer waters Of the entire world.
The result is a work of which the
entire fancy" may be proud, book
which will take its place as the
standard work in the English language
on these small exotic" creatures.
Although Mr.. Innes has devoted his
life to love and care Of fishes, begin
ming many years ago with goldfish
when Philadelphia was the center OF
that hobby, he makes no claim TO be
an ichythologist, but his book Is as
accurate as II he were, for he has had
the assistance of DR.. George S. Myers
of the New National Museum, inter
nationally known authority. and OF
the National Geographic Society. DR..
Myers aided Mr.. Innes in establish
ing the families OF fishes discussed,
and in proper pronunciation Of scien-
tific names. The National Geographic
Society helped with the maps of the
Western and Eastern worlds which
constitute the Innings to the front
and back covers.
This is Mr.. InneS' book from first
to last. however.
Over it he has spent three years
of his life, based upon many prior
years as amateur fish culturist and
! student.
Only man with this experience
could put into such work the love
of it which shines through every page,
every photograph, many Of them in
exquisite color; every detail of physical
construction.
This is the first time in any book
I that the reader, by aid OF the larger
maps. may accurately place the nat
ural habitat of any of the scores OF
/ fishes treated.
Also there are small maps for every
( family OF fishes, showing accurately
where the small creatures which swim
/ in home aquaria really live in Nature.
A feature of this book which an
/ sWers the fish fans" prayer, as well
as makes his dream come true. is
! the pronunciation of every scientific
name.
! These Latin names, so essential,
yet so hard to pronounce, are here
both pronounced and their meanings
! made plain.
y
The order in which the several
hundred varieties. including the So
| called live bearers" and egg layers,
are considered in the book is unique
among books for the layman. Fish
families are placed in the book ac-
cording to the scheme of their relative
! places as developed creatures. from
/ lowest to highest. Thus, for the first
/ time the average keeper of aquarium
/ fishes will be introduced 10 ichthyol-
Evening star., 1935-05-25

A gallery of portraits Of men now
making history would have to include
so many canvases that the amount
of time consumed in sitting for paint
ers would be of incalculable value.
Evening star., 1935-05-25

Some impressions are to the effect
that a new deal cannot relieve the
same old taxpayers of the RESPONSE
bility of building up the jack pot.
Evening star., 1935-05-25
Byrd's Vacation.

From the Detroit News.
Admiral Byrd, after two years of
battling with the snow and ice and
cold of the Antarctic, announces that
he thinks he will go up into Maine
where he can cool of.
Evening star., 1935-05-25
A Rhyme at Twilight
By
Gertrude Brooke Hamilton.
Dusk Lure

Green paths would beckon me and
lead my feet astray,
Out to vagrant bypaths, away, away,
away.
Cooling springs to drink from, for
gotten all things tame,
Warm winds to blow my hair to
strands Of amber fame.
Love, in restless twilights when all
the toll is through
And the green trail calls me to seek
the falling dew.
In your arms enfold me, 70 snare the
dusk with you.
Evening star., 1935-05-25
Heat in Africa and Italy.

From the Louisville rier-Journal.
Italian troops in East Africa are
suffering. from the heat. which seems
to be thS trouble with Premier Mus
solini In his present war preparations.
Evening star., 1935-05-25

Considering the injuries their feel
ings have TO suffer. jurors are entitled
to protest that they are underpaid
They might even demand heart balm
for injured faith in humanity.
Evening star., 1935-05-25

Statesmen are mentioned whose po-
litical course leaves them doomed to
oblivion. There are already more for
gotten men than the economic sys-
tenn can comfortably take care of.
Evening star., 1935-05-25
Capitalized Ouints.

From the Philadelphis Evening Bulletin.
Under government ownership d.
onne, Inc, capital has risen to $175,-
600. Rugged individualism could have
done no better.
Evening star., 1935-05-25

Pro Bono Publico is an old motto
Politics at present is modifying it so
as to suggest line-ups as between pro-
bonus and anti-bonus.
Evening star., 1935-05-25

Frequent demands are made that
the United States Senate adjourn and
leave the President unhindered. And
yet there are times when it comes in
very handy.
Evening star., 1935-05-25
Plenty of Room,

From the Mansfield tohio, News-Journal.
All who believe they are being paid
too much Amoney for the work they
are doing Sould hold a mass meeting
In Q telephone booth.
Evening star., 1935-05-25
Real Fortune Producers.

From the williamsport (Pa) Sun.
These dime chain letters can never
hope to equal, as producers of reve-
nue., collection Of love letters In the
possession of the gold-digger.
Evening star., 1935-05-25

1t is pretty we'll understood that
there can be as many new vetos as
there are new bonus bills.
Evening star., 1935-05-25
Next War.

From the Shreveport Ns) Journal
The next war will be fought In the
air, according to army men, while
the diplomats continue on the theory
1t will be fought on paper.
Evening star., 1935-05-25
Exaggerated Statement.

my great-grandfather could have
bought this whole township for a
song" remarked the man from town.
'I've heard them stories," replied
Farmer Corntossel. "If they was all
true there wouldn't be anybody ownin'
real estate except musicians"
Evening star., 1935-05-25
Member of the Associated Press.

titled TO the use for republication of all
news dispatcl es credited to it or not other
wise credited IN this paper and also the
local news published herein All rights of
publication of special dispatches herein
are also reserved
Evening star., 1935-05-25
Base Ball and Business.

The rule is very much the same
Throughout affairs today.
The many sit and watch the game
Which just a few men play.
Evening star., 1935-05-25

Sometimes" said Uncle Eben,
you sees a reform shouter dat's like
lawn mower out O. repair. 1t kin
make a racket dat wakes up de
neighborhood. but 1t don't cut no
grass"
Evening star., 1935-05-25
SHOOTING STARS.
BY PHILANDER JOHNSON.
Versatility.

Versatility.
Is done mos ev'y kim o. work:
useter drive a dray;
An once I done KEEP shovelin' coal
clean through de blessed day.
Is lookin' foh experience, Is waitin'
foh to git
A chance at sumpin' what I nebber
amt attempted yit.
rs follered up mule along de
towpath day by day;
rs druv truck an rassled wifi de
baggage on a dray:
But dar's jes' one occupation dat
thinks would suit my style
I'd like to try job O. millionairin'
foh awhile.
Dey tells me dat's about de hardes'
labor dat dar is
But I bet it ain sufficient to give me
no rheumatic.
I been a-cuttin' corn so much ]
reckons 'twould be strange
If couldn' stan de strain o. cuttin'
coupons foh change.
I doesn' ask foh idleness, I only wants
to try
My han at every kim O. work dat
comes a-passin' by.
I merely names my preffunce, an 1t
ain no cause to smile
I'd like to try job o. millionairin'
fob awhile.
A Voice From the Grandstand.
HE says he wants a square deal"
eyes" replied Senator Sorghum.
"Yet I'm not sure that his real object
isn't round Of applause"
The Weapon Wielders.
And as we pause the dire results to
see
OF friendships that have suddenly
exploded,
The spear that knows no brother
proves to be
Worse than the gun we didn't know
was loaded
Evening star., 1935-05-25
American Pacific Enterprise.

From the Philadelphia Inquirer.
If the Japanese have misgivings
about the United States Navy in the
Pacific, what must they think of
Amelia Earhart?