davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1935-02-02
An Oklahoma Experiment.
From the Kansas City Times.

From the Kansas City Times.
It is impossible to withhold admira-
ton for the enthusiasm, courage and
resourcefulness with which e. w.
Marland, Governor-elect, Is planning
to make Oklahoma the proving
grounds for q great New Deal expert
ment.
His program is amazingly extensive.
It calls for public works ON large
scale, for flood control, prevention Of
soil erosion and the like; for $4,000
to 10000 subsistence homesteads on
5-acre tracts; for new industries to
manufacture cotton goods, shoes, gar
ments, furniture. The recovery pro-
gram is coupled with q fine program
for reform In taxation and for i'm
proving the efficiency and economy
Of government.
To sympathetic outsiders certain
questions must inevitably arise. Where
Is the money to come from to pay for
the public works? Many cities
among them Kansas City-have found
it impossible to develop new industries
on a large scale overnight. viii it
be practicable to proceed to the rapid
tndustrialization Of q non-industrial
State like Oklahoma, and how will
the industrializatioh be financed? Is
1t possible In this modern age for o
State to become self-sukhcient and
maintain its standard Of living? VIII
the families put on Subsistence home
steads be able to pay their way?
Perhaps the Governor-elect has or
will find answers to these questions,
for they will have to be answered II
the program is to be successful. In
any event, the Oklahoma experiment
and the measure of success 1t achieves
will be an important object lesson for
the rest of the country.
Evening star., 1935-02-02

makes Stefan Zweig's work exactly
1T GamA1iel Bradfords definition Of
"psychography" Is lacking IN the work
Of M. Nezelof. Instead he presents O
panorama Of events, from the day
when the Empress Maria Theresa Of
Austria sits at her work table looking
over state documents and nursing q
toothache few hours before the birth
Of her fifteenth child, Marie An
toinette, born On "the day Of the
dead" to the agonized frenzy Of Count
Fersen when he reads the gazette an
nouncing the execution Of the Queen
of Louis XVI. Much detail charac-
terizes the descriptions Of the happy
Life at the Petit Trianon, with Its
revcls against . playhouse background,
and Of the love Of Marie Antoinette
and Count Axel vou xefsen Of Sweden
Evening star., 1935-02-02
Mooney Decision Seen
AS Mandate for Review

as to future procedure, 1t Is more than
likely he will consider himself fortu-
nate in having so authoritative q law
yer and accept it."
The New York Times directs at
tention to the fact that ''the argument
Of the attorney general of California
that due process is withheld only when
an act Of omission by the prosecutor
keeps the defendant from presenting
evidence was called narrow by the
court" The Lincoln (Neb) Evening
Journal also comments on Chief jus
tice Hughes statement that 1.-The due
process requirements of the Constitu-
tion are not satisfied by technicali-
ties"
"It is mighty unfortunate and re-
grettable situation, even from the most
liberal point of view," comments the
Port Huron (Mich.) Times Herald. In
the view of the Ann Arbor (Mich.)
Daily News and the GAINESVILLE (Ohio)
Times Recorder, the fact that radicals
have made q martyr of the prisoner
has been a distinct liability to his
cause rather than an asset. The Akron
(Ohio) Beacon Journal declares:
"California's interest in keeping Moo
ney in prison as a sacrificial victim
Of its well known prejudice in con-
Germs related to civil liberty does not
square with. the Nations more toler-
ant attitude in the matter" It seems
to the New Orleans Tmes-Picayune,
however, that "a man who has been
unable to establish his innocence in
nearly two decades of litigation should
remain in prison as q measure Of
safety to society"
"The California Supreme Court"
says the Los Angeles Times, "has re-
peatedly asserted belief in his guilt,
and In the latest hearings on the Bill
ings case went painstakingly into a
review Of the evidence and found no
merit IN the assault upon it. The Bill
1ngs case was virtually a retrial Of
both Mooney and Billings. including a
re-examination of all the available
witnesses, by the Supreme Court itself.
Its lengthy opinion denying Billings
the right to apply for a pardon was
conclusive for most Californians as
to both the prisoners. Presumably the
case must drag its weary way through
the courts again, at additional cost to
the taxpayers"
Evening star., 1935-02-02
Traffic Consciousness,

In an effort to make Washington
"traffic conscious" in compliance with
President Roosevelts recent sugges-
ton of the urgent need of the correc-
ton of dangerous conditions through
out the country, Commissioner Hazen
Is planning campaign of admonition
and instruction in the District. The
plan comprises the designation of
speakers who will address gatherings
at schools, in the churches, at meet
ings of citizens associations and the
trade and civic groups, to emphasize
the necessity of observance of traffic
regulations. The Commissioner be-
lieves that good can be accomplished
by this means, through persistent
urging that care be exercised in the
use of the streets.
As a matter of fact, Washington
Is already thoroughly traffic con-
scious." The trouble is that that
consciousness is not persistent. Drivers
lapse into careleSsness in moments
OF haste, and pedestrians lapse like
wise when they are in a hurry. The
habit of haste is more persistent
than the habit of carefulness. Then
there are drivers who, thoroughly
aware of the risk they run in cutting
corners, In trying to overtake pre-
ceding vehicles, in speeding to make
crossings before lights change, are
constantly taking grave chances. And,
furthermore, there are drivers who
are constitutionally incompetent, who
should not be permitted to handle
cars, but who, having obtained licenses
to drive under a slack system OF
examination, are constant menace
on the streets.
There are many people who, while
fu Y aware of the danger, act i'm
pulsively at points of possible peril,
such as at loading platforms, pressing
out into the driving space while wait
ing for street cars, darting suddenly
from the curbs into the path of motor
traffic. Accidents are avoided In
Evening star., 1935-02-02
SHOOTING STARS.
BY PHILANDER JOHNSON.

Reality and Imagination.
When a feller thinks he's thinkin', he
is easy in his ways,
Not too much hurt by censure, nor too
highly pleased by praise.
He keeps a-goin' steady, doin' what
he has to do,
Not mindin' bout the glory Of the path
he may pursue.
He doesn't swell his chest an speak in
empty tones so loud;
He doesn't pose to catch the gaze Of
every passin' crowd;
But he feels an honest sympathy in
all the world about,
Though he may not be so bold in
lettin' all his feelin's out.
But it's different with the feller who
is blufin' more or less:
His manner is mysterious; he makes
you stop an guess.
He has dictionary an he uses it with
care,
Discoverin' a lot Of words you never
knew were there!
There is even somethin' pompous In
the way he'll sneeze or cough;
He stands upon his dignity an fears
he may slip of.
The man who's really thinkin' Is a
benefactor great,
But the man who thinks he's think
in'-he's in an awful stated
Evening star., 1935-02-02
Rate by Mail-Payable in Advance.
MARYLAND and Virginia.
AM Other States and Canad,
Member of the Associated Press.
Confused Salary Scales.

Controller General McCarrs ruling
that administrative promotions in the
emergency agencies of the Govern
ment have been made contrary to law
further confuses a situation that was
confused enough in the beginning, the
original mix-up resulting from the
haphazard manner in which the agen-
cies were thrown together. AS the
ruling will apply chiefly to promotions
made prior to June 80 last, the prin-
cipal effect is probably to hold dis
bursing officers who paid out the
money for the promotions responsible.
They will doubtless seek relief from
Congress and whatever action is taken
by Congress in this connection should
also clarity, once and for all, the pay
status of workers in the emergency
agencies.
Thousands of jobs were created by
Congress in the emergency agencies
without regard to the classification act.
Many of them were out of line, as far
as concerned compensation, with posi-
tions in the regular service. Some
persons in the emergency agencies
were paid more and some less for the
same type of work performed by those
in the regular classified service. To
correct, in part, the inequities result
ing from this condition the President
issued executive orders setting up sal
ary scales in the emergency agencies
comparable to the salary scales in the
classified service. But the economy
act forbade, until June 80 last, any
administrative promotions and per-
mitted administrative promotions after
that date only when they could be
paid for out of savings in other SAL
aries.
Interpreting this order, Mr.. McCarl
held that an adjustment of salary did
not mean an administrative promo
ton; that an adjustment" of salary
became an administrative promotion
when it equaled a salary step-up
within a grade, and that administra-
tive promotions were banned under
the law. A ruling was sought, how
ever, from Attorney General Cum
mings, who said, in effect, that an
adjustment of salary might mean a
salary promotion and that the Presi-
dent had ordered salary adjustments.
Controller General McCarl does not
agree with this ruling, which the At
torney General really had no au-
thority to make. AS far as the Gov
ernment's fiscal affairs are concerned,
Mr.. McCarl, and not Mr.. Cummings,
is the boss. Officers who allowed the
promotions as permitted by Mr.. Cum
mings must now take the conse-
quences of having paid out money
which Mr.. McCarl refuses to allow.
The time has come now when Con-
gress should proceed to a clarification
of salaries within the emergency
agencies of the Government and at
the same time bring these emergency
agencies into the civil service.
Evening star., 1935-02-02
Two Years of Hitlerism.

Germany embarks this month upon
the third year of the Nazi regime un-
der the dictatorship of Adolf Hitler.
In message to the nation, the
F'uehrer triumphantly proclaims, on
the second anniversary Of his acces-
sion to power, that "two-thirds" of
his four-year program has already
been accomplished-apparently a
reference to the fact that in February,
1888, there were about 100000 un-
employed in Germany, as compared to
100000 out of work now.
Apropos of the beginning of new
Nazi year, other figures are adduced
to show that the country is expert
encing regeneration. The national in
come increased 100000 900 marks in
1884. It now amounts to $1,000, ,000,-
900 marks, and the total increase dur
ing the Hitler rule totals $500, ,000, 900.
These figures are based on tax rev.
enues, which considerably exceed bud
get estimates. In consequence the
ministry of finance now holds out the
prospect of a substantial tax cut this
year. AS yet another sign of the
Reichs improving status, the govern
ment has ordered the abandonment OF
plans to collect gifts of gold and
jewelry among the people for repur-
chase of the Saar mines from France.
The authorities state that 'the
Reich is strong enough to get. along
without such emergency gifts" and
that payment for the mines can be
effected without calling on the Reichs-
banks gold or foreign exchange re-
serves.
Considering the wreckage of Ger
manys export trade, due to boycott
of her goods in some countries, her
financial showing is in many ways
remarkable. 1t has largely been made
possible by the rigid control OF i'm
ports, which are limited, under the
system introduced by DR.. Schacht. to
articles not only utterly indispensable
to German industry, but also to pur-
chases which Germany can finance
without transferring funds abroad.
The system has imposed many hard
ships, but is apparently serving its
purpose, even though Germany's for
eign creditors can generate no en-
thusiasm for many of the practices
which the Reich is now arbitrarily
pursuing. The justification for de-
laying payment of obligations abroad
is that they cannot be met until the
Reich has an export surplus.
AS the United States Government
had occasion to remind Germany
some time ago, the Reich's foreign
trade is hampered by some Of its do
mestic political policies. With modi-
fcation of those policies would un-
doubtedly come a change in the atti-
tude of many old-time customers who
are now in resentment against certain
aspects of the Nazi cult, no longer
buying things made in Germany"
Perhaps as the Reichf trade balance
tends to become chronically ucfavor-
able Hitlerism will be inclined toward
program designed to swing the bal
ance in the other direction.
Evening star., 1935-02-02
THIS AND THAT
BY CHARLES Z. TRACEWELL.

brave enough to tell himself the truth
about himself.
II you play 0 lone hand In 0
gregarious world, the chances are you
won't be very popular.
The man named SpinoZa wasn't
very popular in his own world, and he
isn't yet, but he was true to himself,
which was what counted most with
him.
Out Of this awareness Of and true
ness to himself he evolved thoughts
yet alive.
And what If one has no such
genius?
Then all the more is 1t essential
that he keep what Is his own, his
awareness Of his own individuality
and his championship thereof.
If things done for propaganda, and
not truth and justice, offend him. let
him remain sturdily offended.
Those who recognize only the sur-
face manifestations of life will not
understand him and, not understand
ing him, will make up stories Of their
own to account for the fact that he
pays no particular attention to sur
face manifestations.
Thus he will not become popular,
since popularity means numbers, and
numbers mean q great many persons
thinking exactly the same way, which
will not be his way at all.
~ II
This abstraction can be carried into
all the departments Of life, with the
same good reSult-that OF helping the
unpopular person to be content with
his unpopularity.
For every really popular person
there will be scores who either are not
popular at all, or who will be on that
neither liked nor disliked by their fel-
low men.
These are the colorless persons Of
the world, who 60 about their daily
tasks, have their pleasures, their tri-
umphs, their sorrows, without making
much Of an impression one way or
another on anybody.
Are they sorry?
Not a bit Of It'll
Mostly they are delighted with
themselves. as well they may be. since
they unknowingly miss great deal
of obnoxious prying.
They cannot on any score, be said
to be unpopular. They simply are
saved from being bothered by many
persons who ought not to bother them.
They are fortunate.
X II II
The really unpopular person may still
think well OF himself If he keeps
firmly in mind the soothing idea that
popularity, in the common sense, rests
on the solid basis of III do some
thing for you, now you do something
for me-"
It Is the old -pat-me-I I'll pat
you game, or, translated, into strictly
modern idiom, "I1l praise you, then
Of New York they have this down to
q science.
In many Of the walks of life every
where q great many astute persons
act fully and completely on this basis.
so even the most popular person must
realize that a portion of his prestige
rests on greed Of sort, although no
one should be so rude as to mention
1t, Of course.
No, popularity is not worth having
If you have to gain it by being un-
true to your own nature. II scheming
has no place in your mind or heart,
and you find popularity lacking, do
not Immediately bethink yourself to
scheme for all you are worth. for it
will not be In you. Better be un-
popular and make the most Of It.
After all, popularity is not everything.
1t Is lust one thing.
Evening star., 1935-02-02

People who cannot be popular ought
not to try to be.
What's the use?
Popularity is queer thing.
It used to be called personal mag
netism," now it is called charm, %
especially for women.
1t would be fine If all possessed 1t,
perhaps, but since plainly enough
they do not, what Is the good to
worry about It?
Yet the truth is that thousands
lament, even If in secret, their lack
of an altogether elusive quality.
y \ 4
"Be good. sweet maid, and let who
will be clever" so ran a poem that
has been laughed at a great deal
because Of its naive championship
Of ideals now sneeringly called Vie
torian.
There are fashions in all things,
however, and these ideals will come
back some day, in full force, and with
widespread appreciation.
In the meantime, let no one who
finds himself lacking in popularity,
as commonly called, lament the fact
too much.
Maybe little heart searching will
be good for him, but in the main
there is nothing much to be done
about 1t.
There Is not much reason for sor-
row. Popularity is but one facet, not
the whole thing, as some fancy.
The widespread desire for popu-
larity is just another example of the
great modern fallacy that every one
must strive for the same ends.
1t is not possible for every one to
be popular with many persons. Leav-
ing totally aside the question OF
whether popularity. as generally con-
ceived, is quite as fine a thing as
many imagine, it can be said that
popularity is not good for everybody
1t tends to bring out in certain
souls some very despicable traits
from which they would be wholly
free II they did not succumb to the
lure Of trying to attract the favor
able attention Of as many other hu-
mans as possible.
''Hew to the line, let the chips fall
where they may" so went a once
highly regarded motto. or personal
saying.
1t is highly desirable frame OF
mind for many persons. It will save
them from too much introspection-
also popularity supposed to be vastly
bad for man-and give them a some
what fatalistic viewpoint. This lat
ter also comes under the popular ban
but here. as in all things. many con-
siderations force differing values
What is good for one is not good for
the next, what may be bad for a
third may not be either goUd or bad
for another, but completely neutral
in effect.
It is about time people began con-
sidering human values as different
from metals, and the like.
Modern chemistry is showing the
elements to be vastly different from
what was supposed some years ago.
Changing views in physics are SO
tremendous that the person who has
made no particular attempt to keep
up with them simply is not in po-
sition TO know how far behind the
mental times he is.
When he attempts to argue about
such things he often puts himself
into the fools corner. but nobody
l.. IL
position.
n r X Il
Human values must be looked at a.
the scientist looks at the universe.
ONLY he who attempts to do so Is
Evening star., 1935-02-02

While refusing TO intervene In Tom
MONEYS case on the grounds that
State resources had not been ex-
hausted, the United States Supreme
Court nevertheless gave added weight
to the San Quentin prisoners plea
for freedom, in the opinion Of the
press. The severe castigation which
California Justice received at the
hands Of the Supreme Court Is re-
garded by most newspapers as vir-
tual mandate to review the Mooney
conviction.
The decision Of the Supreme
Court In the Tom Mooney habeas
corpus proceedings leaves no loophole
of escape for the State Of California"
observes the Brooklyn Times-Union.
Such an Indictment Of the judicial
processes Of o State has not been
heard in the Supreme Court for years.
II CALIFORNIA; judicial system fails to
provide the means for again trying
Mooney in o different and healthier
atmosphere, the highest court in the
land will no doubt act when
called on.
It is likewise the opinion Of the
Columbus (Ohio) Citizen that the
highest court Of the land has given
q mandate ito California courts to
give belated justice to this wronged
man." and the Roanoke (Va.) Times
characterizes the decision as a ring
ing rebuke" to California.
California may disregard what
amounts almost to q mandate to re-
view the case" thinks the Bergen
IN. j. Evening Record, but that
paper adds: 1T It does, the Supreme
Court perhaps will not again deny
Mooney the review he asks" It seems
to the Troy IN. " Record that the
long fight by Thomas J. Mooney to
gain freedom from San Quentin
Prison now appears to have had an
other setback" but the Rochester
Times Union says that there can be
little doubt that the decision sub
stantially advanced the hopes for his
ultimate release and vindication," Z"
while the La Crosse (Wis) Tribune
and Leader-Press contends Mooney
scored . moral II not q legal VIC
tory"
"If It is true, as It seems to be"
states the Manchester IN. H) Union,
that the Supreme Court went out Of
its way to give Thomas Mooney advice
Evening star., 1935-02-02

A balance sheet of Americas basic
wealth-the essential chemicals which
are the foundations of human exist
ence-is highly disconcerting as it Is
drawn up by DR.. Jacob G. Lipman,
one Of the worlds foremost soil ex-
perts and member of the National Re-
sources Board.
These basic elements are nitrogen,
phosphorus, potassium, carbon, cal
cium, magnesium and sulphur. These,
in their various chemical combina-
tions, are the essential physical ele-
ments of plant and animal life. But
more is taken out Of the soil every
year than Is put back, and the mount
ing deficit is expressed in startling
figures.
AS detailed by DR.. Lipman, the
annual spendings are: Nitrogen, 49,
100000 tons: phosphorus, 2,500, 900
tons; potassium, 36,200,000 tons; cal
cium, 53,600,000 tons; magnesium,
16,800,000 tons; sulphur, 11,300,000
tons; organic matter, 322, 900 900 tons.
Against this is redeposited: Nitrogen,
13,380,000 tons; phosphorus, 1906, 900
tons; potassium, 5,550,000 tons; cal
cium, 10,425,000 tons; magnesium,
2,630,000 tons; sulphur, 10,250, 900
tons; organic matter, 100,000,000 tons.
on the basic materials Of the organic
world to prove that "all flesh is water"
THE living human and animal
population of the world" he says, "has
total weight Of at least 1,500, 900 900
metric tons and carries about 800 ,00O-
600 metric tons Of uncombined water.
This would form a lake 80 square
miles in area and SO feet deep. There
Is an even greater amount of uncom-
bined water in living plants. It would
be represented by something like 500.-
000,00O,000 metric tons. As to the
combined oxygen and hydrogen, the
living plant population contains 262,-
600 0,000,0 900 metric tons Of the former
and $4,000, 100000 metric tons of the
latter. The animal world contains
122,000,000 metric tons Of oxygen and
81 900, 900 metric tons of hydrogen in
combined FORMS"
-
Any individuals chance of being
born was about ! in SOC, 900 ,000, ,000-
100000.
; Such is the figure cited by DR.. VIII
liam A. White, superintendent of st.
Elizabeth's Hospital, in q paper pre-
pared for the Journal of the WASH
ington Academy of Sciences.
Each one Of U.s." says DR.. White.
represented that chance when we
became ourselves. This, from q pure
ly physical point of view, gives us
some idea Of what the possibilities Of
variation are, expressed in terms Of
chromosomes and genes"
Every individual differs from every
other individual in purely hereditary
characters, due to the infinite COM
plexities of combinations of the basic
units of heredity, the invisible genes,
and their bundles, the chromosomes
If single gene was in a different
configuration the individual would be
somebody else. It might be said that
the chances are one in five hundred
million billions against two exact
duplicates being born, except In the
case of identical twins, where the
configurations are exactly the same
All this hereditary basis Of individual
difference, Of course, does not take
into account any Of the shaping inf1u-
ences Of different environments.
Another breath-taking f1gure cited
hT DR.. White - that for the number
Evening star., 1935-02-02
The Only Expert.

what are your views on the polit-
ical situation?"
when it comes to a political situ-
ation," replied Farmer Corntossel,
you'll have to talk to 81 Simlin, the
postmaster. He's the only feller
around here that ever had one"
Evening star., 1935-02-02

The attitude Of Attorney Reilly Is a
reminder that alibis may require much
time, not only because of their num-
ber, but also because of the character
witnesses necessary to make them con-
vincing.
Evening star., 1935-02-02

Dialect will creep into the most
serious occasions and only phonograph
records could show which of the Flem-
ington witnesses described themselves
as experts and which as "expoits."