Evening star., 1935-04-07
BOLIVIA'S PROGRAM WINS
GOVERNMENTS APPROVAL
Leagues Aim to Spread Gospel of Pan
Americanism Among the Masses Gains
Important Ground by Endorsements.

own representatives, which would
guarantee their security, peace and
progress through mutual cooperation.
In other words, he advocated an
American league of nations, but a
league Of nations with teeth, practical
and obligatory.
Treaty Stands for Ideals.
Nowhere are the Bolivarian ideals
OF union and reciprocal aid better
demonstrated than in the treaty of
union, league and perpetual confed-
Grafton which the liberator inspired
and had signed at Panama by dele
gates of Gran Colombia, Central
America, Peru and Mexico Although,
later on, the many forces which were
working necessarily for separation and
disunion among the young republics
political changes. internal unrest, lack
OF unity in direction, lack of physical
contacts, personal rivalries, ETC.
prevented not only the enforcement
but even the ratification of the treaty,
its provisions and purposes constitute
a monument to the genius of Bolivar,
the statesman whose prophetic vision
pierced 200 years into the future
These are the most outstanding:
l. Intimate character of relations
among the American states members
Of the League, which any other con-
tinental nation might later join. (In-
PRODUCTION to the treaty.;
2. Permanence and inviolability of
a close friendship and union with
each and every one of its parties.
(Article ID;
3. Defensive, and, If necessary, of
fensive common support of the SOW
ereignty and independence of each of
the confederated states of America
against all foreign domination
(Article p:
4. Establishment of permanent
assembly, formed by plenipotentiaries
Of each of the parties, entrusted with
treaty-making powers, the mainte-
nance of peace and harmony among
the confederated states, and the gen.
eral conduct of their relations with
outside powers. (Articles IL to I6);
S. Impossibility of declaring war
among themselves without previous
conciliatory intervention by the as
sembly of plenipotentiaries. (Article
ID;
6. Impossibility of going to war with
nations not members of the League,
except in case of failure of the good
offices which should be requested of
the other members Of the League
(Article 18), and
z. Mutual guarantee of the terri
torial integrity of all the contracting
parties (Article 2).
Principles Desired.
It is these principles, which obvi-
ously were too far ahead of the times
in 1926, that the Bolivarian League of
International Action is endeavoring to
keep alive in Latin America. But the
directors of the League are not vision
aries. They realize that those ideals
are still ahead of our times. They do
not expect to have them adopted over
night, or even to have them tested out
at once. All they want Is to spread
the Bolivarian gospel among the
masses of Latin America, which here
tofore have lived in almost complete
ignorance of it. All they want is a
chance to explain to the people of
Latin America the wisdom and the
vast possibilities of the Bolivarian
plan. Their task is to prepare the
ground, as it were, for the time when
the minds of modern statesmen, the
interests Of individual states and the
understanding of the masses have
caught up with the vision Of Bolivar.
Returning from successful tour OF
various Central and Southern Ameri-
can nations, the head of the League,
Don A. Ramon Ruiz, has just an
nounced that the first two steps in
that direction have already been
taken; one is the establishment Of
branch organizations in each one Of
the capitals he visited, and the other,
the introduction by presidential de-
crees of the study of Bolivar's life and
ideas in the schools and colleges of
the Central American republics, where
they are least known.
Acovyr.snt. assl1