davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-01-25
Engels Appraises
Marks Theories
In F erb

Karl Marks formulation of the
materiaist conception of history
the theory which put the revolution
a-y labor movement on scientific
footing by insisting that "the mode
Of production in material life deter
mines the social political and in
tellectual life processes in general
cannot be considered as a theoretical
discovery only, Frederick Engels
shows in the latest edition of his
book "Feuerbach."
Not only :or economics, but for
all historical sciences (and all sci
ences which are not natural SCI
ences are historicap, a revolutionary
discovery is made with this PROPOSE
ton" Engels writes in an appendix
to the book, just released in an
authentic translation by Interna-
tional Publishers. "This proposition
involves highly revolutionary con-
sequences, not only for theory but
also for practice" he writes.
Quoting from Marks preface to
"The Critique of Political Economy"
Engels traces the development of
capitalist society to the stage when
"the material forces of production
In society come in conflict with the
existing relations of production or
what is but legal expression for
the same thing-with the property
relations within which they had
been at work before. From forms of
development of the forces of pro-
duction these relations turn into
their letters. Then comes a period
Of social revolution. With the change
of the economic foundation the en-
tire immense superstructure is more
or less rapidly transformed. -.
"As we pursue our materialist
thesis further and apply it to the
present, the perspective of a ire
mendous revolution, indeed the most
tremendous revolution of all time,
therefore Immediately unfolds itself
before us"
Engels' article appears under the
title: Frederick Engels on the Ma
terialiSm and Dialectics of Marx"
1t was originally written as review
Of Marks "Critique of Political
Economy" and appeared in the
German periodical "Das Volk" in
London in 1859.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-01-25

Lenin. Lenin was a dialectical
materialist. His thought and action
in every problem and in every re-
lation of life, in the aims he set
himself, and in the methods of their
achievement, were completely gov
erned by this basic understanding CT
existence and life, of the role of
human beings, Of the laws of his
torical development, Of the neces-
sary forms and methods of advance
within the conditions of class So
ciety, and of the future world order
to be achieved of associated hui
manity in control of its destiny.
This gave him his strength
against the shortSighted, interest
ridden and illusion soaked states
man and theorists of the bourgeois
order The achievement of his life
was powerful demonstration of
the correctness and efficacy Of
dialectical materialism.
But dialectical materialism is no
closed metaphysical systemic
become out-of date, as all systems
inevitably must. Dialectical mate
Tialism, as Engels pointed out, re-
quires to be constantly renewed in
every age, with every advance OF
science and of concrete knowledge.
This task, also, Lenin carried out,
especially in his Materialism and
Empiro- Criticism. Here he carried
forward the understanding of dia-
lectical materialism in relation to
the new problems of science of the
twentieth century, and fought the
reactionary idealist mystical-relig-
ious tendencies which weer increas-
ingly creeping in under the protec-
ton of many bourgeois scientists.
IN the one hand, Lenin brought to
" new clesrness the understanding
of materialism as the necessary
basis Of the scientific outlook. He
fought without mercy religion and
all the allies of religion: all the
subjective religious and semi--eli-
gious "idealist" outlooks and i~I-
sions which enslave the mind and
are, in fact, as he insisted, even in
their most modern" and pseudo
scientific trappings, nothing but
forms of "clericalism" is, of
apologetics of the existing order as
divinely and mysteriously ordained,
of servitude, and pre-
venting Of clear thinking and facing
Ct reality.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-01-25
T MING IN

7:00-WEAF-Robert Burns
Anniversary Program.
woR-sports Resume-stan
Lomax
wJz-Amos m Andy
wABC-Myrt and Marge-
T:15-WEAF-Stories Of the
Black Chamber-5ecret
Ink
wOR-Lum and Abner--
wJz-Plsntation Echoes:
Robson Orchestra; South
ernsires quartet
WABC-Just Plain Bill
WEAF-Hirsch Orch.
wOR-Mystery Sketch
WJz-Red Davis-Sketoh
wABC-The O'Neills-Sketch
7:45-wEAF-Uncle Ezra
WOR-Front Page Drama
WJz-Dangerous Paradise
WABC-Boake Carter, Com
mentator
co-wEAF-Bourdon Orch;
Jessica Dragonette, So
prano; Male Quartet
WOR-Lone Ranger-Sketch
wJZ-Dramatic Sketch, with
Irene Rich. Actress
WABC-Variety Musicale
Leibert. Or
gan; Armbruster and
Kraus, Piano; Mary
Courtlandt. Songs; Male
Quartet
wABC-Edwin C. Hill, Com
mentator
s:30-WOR-Katzman Orch:
Lucille Peterson, Songs;
Choristers Quartet
wJZ-Goodman Orchestra,
Jane Fronan. Gangs; Bob
Hope, Comedian
wABC-Court Of Human
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-01-25

Relations
9:00-WEAF-Lyman Orch;
Viyienne Segal, Songs
Frank Mum, Tenor;
WOR-Hillbilly Music
WJz-Beatrice Lille. Com
edienne; Perrin Orchestra
Cavaliers Quartet
WABC-March of Time
9:30-WEAF-Bonime Orch;
Pic and Pat, Comedians
WOR-Al and Lee Reiser.
WJZ-Phil Baker. Comedian
Gabrielle de Lys, Songs;
Belesco Orchestra
WABC-Hollywood Hotel -
Sketch with Dick Powell.
Jane williams, Tel Flo
Rita Orchestra, Others;
Dunno
9:45-WOR-Singin' Sam
1000 wEAF-Dramatic Sketch
WOR-Elaine Jordan, Songs
WJz-The Third Ingredient
10:15-wOR-CurrerE Events
H. Z. Read
1890 WEAF-Symphony Orch.
Frank Black, Conductor
WOR-Pasternack Orchestra;
Mixed Chorus
WJZ-Fact5 About the Jew
ish People-Rabbi Barnett
r. Brickner
WABC-The O'Flynn-Mus-
ical Drama
HOO WEAF-Talk = George
Holmes, Chief Washington
Bureau, ms
WOR-News
WJz-Dance Orchestra
Nelson Orchestra
Observation-Disclosures Or
chestra
WoR-Moonbeams Trio
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-01-25
News of Short
W ave r. adiO
Clubs in u. S

THE Short Wave Radio Club of
Manhattan is still minus full
time headquarters, which fact
should bring home forcibly the
truth that it is not enough for the
club members to understand the
necessity for club room; such I'M
Outstanding has existed ever since
and even before the XIV. xmitter
was obtained.
In contrast to the SWROM, we
get report from Brooklyn, N. Y.
saying that at their last weeks
meeting six enthusiastic members
showed up and made an outline of
work for the next two months.
At the next meeting, tonight, to
be held at pm. at the home of
M. Starkopp, Apt. DID,, 80 Bay 25th
Street, the Brooklyn club will hear
a lecture on Fundamental Prin-
ciples of Electricity" by a member
ham.
The lecture at the Manhattan
club tonight az Union Square, is
by Albert West on "a Modern ANA
teur Phone Xmitter." The full
evening schedule follows: 730, code
practice; 9, business meeting; 10,
lecture; 1890, discussion; II, adj
iournment, rag chew till midnight.
HERE'S an interesting field of re-
III search for advanced hams. Some
day it may prove useful.
In the so-called "scrambler," the
voice frequencies are inverted (the
low tones are made to sound high
and vice versa with the resulting
unintelligible speech as received on
an ordinary radio set. To under
stand the speech, an "un5crambler"
is necessary Ito invert the frequen-
cies once more. Another method
of making the voice unintslligible
used by the A. T. g. t., and called
intelligence, consists in dividing
the voice frequencies into four
bands and then manipulating each
band. Only fourteen unintelligible
combinations are claimed (other
combinations being more or less in
telligible). The latest development
not yet ready-is to change the
fourteen intelligence combinations
several times a minute according to
a prearranged schedule. At present,
the intelligence combinations are
changed only about once every half
hour.
Clvlnd, pse week up ct snd us a
rprt.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-01-25

the
World!
By MICHAEL GOLD

TT is TRUE, as Edward Dahlberg pointed
OFT in this column several days ago. that
the literary criticism of Granville Hicks
and others of our MARKHAM critics. occa-
sionally gives off the musty smell of the
pedagogue
This is a flavor that also Dervades some of the
revolutionary writing and speaking, in the political
field. Many Of us are familiar, no doubt, with
Communist propsgandists who are forever talking
down to their audience. They know so much and
the masses know so little, it seems. It amazes
them that so few people have ever heard of Karl
Marx and his theories. It is difficult for them to
be patient with uniformed What you have
never heard of surplus value? of with your head
Or at least, take the foot of the class. And if you
have heard of it, it has not been along the cor
rect lines. We can only give you passing mark
on that
No such pedagogue can really be good MARKHAM
for he has divorced theory and practise, theory
and life. He has lost sight of the dynamic and
irregular development of life. In this connection
the anecdote told by John Reed in his Ten Days"
has significance.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-01-25
Soviet Educational Exhibit Is Glowing Tribute
10 Extraordinary Cultural Advances in U.S.SR.
Exhibit Now On View
AT n. Y. Museum of
Natural History
Little Lefty
By OAKLEY Johnson


THE first exhibit ever to be shown
in America portraying education
in the Soviet Union is aow on view
at the Museum Of Natural History
at 77th Street and Central Park
West. The large Maxwell Hall on
the ground floor is packed full of
the most varied charts, maps out
lines, pictures, models and samples
Of school work that have ever been
assembled. AS Professor George S.
Counts of Teachers College says.
I'm the field of educational devel-
opment the Soviet Union has set
record unparalleled in history"
The exhibit was prepared in the
Soviet Union by V.OKS. Society
for Cultural Relations with Foreign
Countries and the Peoples Com
missariat for Education. 1t is shown
in the United States by the Ameri-
can Russian Institute for Cultural
Relations with the Soviet Union,
with offices at Sc West 45th Street.
This is the same organization that
sponsors the Soviet Art Exhibition
now showing in Philadelphia. which
has received high praise from all
critics.
The Soviet Education Exhibition
in New York, on view daily until
February %, is Of broader scope
and even greater significance than
the Soviet Art Exhibit in Philadel-
phia. 1t gives complete survey of
the whole educational system, with
the chief emphasis upon the schools
for young and adolescent children.
A special and more detailed section
! Is devoted to education in the
Ukraine, as q sample Of the educa-
tional systems in each of the con-
stituent republics of the Soviet
Union.
Broad Unified System
Soviet education is revealed as a
broad unified system. bringing into
its scope not only the schools but
all cultural institutions-the
museums, libraries, etc. The Soviet
plan has, as DR.. Stephen P. Duggan
says, linked education and scientific
research to the economic, social and
/ cultural life of the nation in a
fashion that has aroused the in
terest of scientists the world over"
Even the New York Times Jan.
16, 1880, in discussing the exhibit
ton, was forced to caption its re-
port, Soviet Education Wins Praise
Here" Many prominent people
made speeches at the opening of the
exhibition on January Is, including
F. Trubee Dawson, president of the
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-01-25
By r. PAINE DUTT

which you have thought out your
selves, something which FERNS the
inevitable conclusion from the
point of view of modern educa-
ticn.
In the same way he wrote with
reference to the controversy on
"proletarian culture:
Marxism won its world historic
significance as the theology Of the
revolutionary proletariat, because
it did not reject out and out the
most valuable achievements of
the bourgeois epoch, but on the
contrary made its own and
worked over anew all that was Of
value in the more than two
thousand years of development of
human thought. ("Draft Resolu-
tion on Proletarian Culture"
192O.)
I ENIN thus saw in Marxism, not
L. some special system" of dog
mas, but the elimination of the
many streams OF previous human
thought, development and advance
to a scientific outlook. Marxism
brought for the first time the conf
pletely scientific, simultaneously
theoretical and practical, approach,
not merely to one or two isolated
departments Of knowledge, but 10
the whole of life and existence.
The outlook of MarXism is the
outlook of dialectical materialism
Of which something has been said
in the first chapter on the Epoch Of
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-01-25
CHAPTER III.
Teachings of Lenin

WITH Lenin, as with Marx, the
W immediate revolutionary outlook
and practice in relation to the par
ticular period in which each lived
was based on a fully thought tout
wider general world outlook and
understanding.
Lenin constantly insisted that
communism cannot be regarded as a
special body of doctrines or dogmas,
or "ready-made conclusions" to be
learned from textbooks, but can
only be understood as the outcome
of the whole human science and
culture, on the basis of an exact
study of all that previous ages, in
GLIDING especially capitalist society,
had achieved. Speaking to the
Third Congress of the Communist
Youth in Russia in 1920, he said:
1t would be serious mistake to
suppose that one can become a
Communist without making ones
own the treasures of human
knowledge. 1t would be mistaken
to imagine that it is enough to
adopt the Communist formulate
and conclusions Of Communist
science without mastering that
sum-total Of different branches
of knowledge, the final outcome
of which is communism.
Communism becomes an empty
phrase, mere facade, and the
Communist a mere buffer, if he
has not worked over in his cons
oiousness the whole inheritance
Of human Knowledge.
Therefore he urged the youth
to acquire the whole sum of
human knowledge and to ac-
quire it in such way that COM
munisrn will not be something
learned by heart, but something
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-01-25
Book of Br4rck'S Powerful
Cartoons Is Void Record
OF FiVe Years of Crisis

m FEBRUARY I, the Daily Worker will publish
Hunger and Revolt: Cartoons by Burck, in
limited edition of hundred autographed capies.
This beautiful deluxe edition is a pictorial history
Of the world crisis, as revealed in the powerful
drawings Of one Of Americas outstanding revolt
tonary artists.
Covering 248 pages, Hunger and Revolt con-
tains the following chapters: Unemployment; The
Socialist Party, The N. R. A. and the New Deal"
The Farmer; Strikes and Labor Leaders; Politics
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-01-25
r e or d Unparalleled
In History, Says
Prof. Counts
BY del

the first is Development Of descrip-
tive creativeness Of the child and
habits OF illustrative work. We see.
therefore, in the child drawings and
paintings, a high degree Of skill and
sensitivity Crayon drawings by
young children aged six or seven
range in subject matter from but
terflies to the mausoleum Of Lenin.
A five ear-old child has a drawing
called War in China" with much
shooting. A -year-old boy has
a drawing of a "Kulak,' a bearded
peasant standing. feet apart, hands
in pockets, truculent and pompous.
A nine-year-old has a pen and ink
drawing entitled "Bolshevist Spring. 3"
The exhibition makes it clear that
there are children's theatres and
children's libraries in the land of
Soviets. The text books are attrac-
tive and varied, and are based on
real life. Those for young children
deal with such things as how te,e-
phones work. how mittans are made.
how to plant trees. IT is noteworthy
| that toy manufacture occupies a
high place in the Soviet Union. The
Toy Institute in Moscow. for ex-
ample, designs experimentally new
types and kinds of children's TOYS
In the exhibition we see sophisti-
Gated designs Of animals and TOW
machines right alongside the tradi-
tional doll toys that are made in
the old way.
Health and Pleasure
The health of children and youth
is Of paramount concern in Soviet
schools. They have play, fresh air.
swimming. sun baths. In the Soviet
view, children are entitled to health
and pleasure. and every guarantee
is given that both will be achieved
But skill and understanding remain
always the central aim. For the
construction Of socialism," said
Lenin-the quotation looms large
among the slogans of this educa-
tlonal exhibition-"it is necessary
to master knowledge, technique.
culture"
The New York Sun Jan. ID OBJ
serves casually that there is a not
able absence of direct propaganda
Tor socialism, but the Suns re-
porter must have been either a
liberal" or Trotskyite. The whole
exhibit is a tribute to socialist Gull
tural advance. Moreover, a prom
lnent slogan declares to all who
wish to read: Our route is the five
year plan, our compass is the ALL
Union Communist Party Bolsheviks. .
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-01-25
Life and Teachings of Lenin

The Daily Worker is printing
serially the extremely valuable
and popular booklet by r. Paine
Dutt, Life and Teachings of
V. 1. Lenin," published by Inter
national Publishers.
January Fl was the eleventh
anniversary of the death of Lenin.
During these ten years the teach
ings of Lenin have spread to ever
wider sections of the globe, inspir-
ing the workers and oppressed to
greater assaults on capitalism.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-01-25
There Are Two Classes

IT SEEMS that a big raw Russian peasant boy,
sailor, on guard at the bridge that led to
the Winter Palace. The Bolsheviks were just TAX
ing it from Kerensky and his white guard officers
Some Of the Socialist revolutionares were trying to
get to the scene, to die with Kerensky." But the
Red sailors wouldn't let them be heroes it seems.
So this imposing Socialist intellectual with his
portfolio and pince-nez stood on the bridge and
argued with the peasant boy in uniform
DO you really know what this fight is all about9"
he shrieked at the sailor. Have you ever read
Marx? Look at me, have studied Marx for twenty
years I am a veteran of the social revolution I
have been in jail and exile And now you come
slong-I repeat, have you read Marx2"
mo" the big sailor stammered his face turn
ing red. II very ignorant have never read
Marx But have learned there are two classes"
"Aha!" crowed the intellectual, "you see You
have read nothing. You know nothing. And you
try to tell us how to a revolution"
There are two classes" muttered the sailor
Never mind that" shouted the intellectual
what do you know about historic determinism?
Have you ever read Value Price and Profit?
have read them all, and more, besides. Let me
through"
Eyes. you MARKHAM" the sailor muttered
scratching his head "but you see, there are two
classes"
II know all that shouted the intellectual 'I
knew it twenty years sgo The important thing is
to let me through"
There are two classes" the sailor went on dog
gedly, "and belong to the working class, and you
can't get through" s-
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-01-25

Help the Daily Wicker drive for
10000 new daily and $4,000 new
Saturday subs, Write to 50 East
18th St.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-01-25
Straw Boss Critics

EVERY Communist must be a teacher, but more
important, he must be leader. No real leader
ever talks down to the Masses for he is able to
understand them better than they do themselves
He knows the background out of which they come,
and the forces that hold them back from emanci-
patton. He wins them over by his ability to point
out their weakness to them, and to convince them
that his tactics superior. He is a strong and
trustworthy friend, not dictator. He is an elder
brother, a conrade. not the straw boss of gang
Workers resent the sort Of Communist who acts
as II everyone ought to have known Marxism in
his cradle
And writer's resent the sort of critic who takes
no account of their struggles to achieve MARKHAM
clarity and wisdom, who patronizes them or thinks
because he has mastered the theory of Marxst
criticism, he car tell them how to write
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-01-25
Wholesale Blasting

GRANVILLE HICKS of course, is not one of these
He happens to De the master of firm and
scholarly style, and to date, the critic who has
worked the hardest and gained the most respect
of the writer's. He grinds axes and he knows
American literature His book, "the Great Tradi-
ton" is the finest summary in the field
It may be true that he lapses into the pedagogic
at times, and seems of the living struggle
and chaos and pain in which books born. He
shares with many critics the tendency to perform
scientific auopses cadaver, instead of diagnos-
ing the ailments Of vital human being.
But disagree with Dahbergs wholesale criticism
of the critic Granville Hicks This kind of blast
seems to me, is cure that is worse than the dis
ease. We must all learn to be more responsible
and comradely to each other and to point out
each others faults with trace of personal feel
ing All Of us are in the same fight; don't have
to love each other certainly, but we must learn
that we need each other.
The difficult relation between critic and crea-
tive writer will be one of the problems hope that
our Writers Congress in May will help clarity
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-01-25

TO Be Continued
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-01-25

This department appears daily on the feature
page. All questions should be addressed to CUES
tions and Answers" co Daily Worker, 50 East
18th Street, New York City.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-01-25

Clvlnd, pse week up ct snd us a
rprt.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-01-25

Question: Why has not point Thirteen Of the
for admission into the Communist In
reen carrisd out in the Communist
Party Of the United States?
The Nespelem tribune. [volume] (Nespelem, Wash.) 1934-1936, 1935-09-11
TEACHERS MUCH IN DEMAND
THIS YEAR REPORTS SHOW

WASHINGTON STATE COL
LEGE, Pullman, Sept. SIT looks
like a good year for school teachers.
N. j. Aiken. director of the place
ment bureau at the State College
of Washington reports the biggest
demand for teacners In years. This,
coupled with a general increase of
from 10 to Is per cent in salaries,
makes the teachers outlook decid-
eddy optimistic.
The Nespelem tribune. [volume] (Nespelem, Wash.) 1934-1936, 1935-09-11

troll the Columbia was underway
Tuesday, adding another front" to
the ,many-front activity at the dam
site. Construction here now is cen
tered in six main phases. They are ::
l. West side eXcavatiOn-Eart
or common overburden excavation
is RAPIDLY being brought to a close
and jackhammer men are mfeSting
the granite abutment like flies, cut
ting away the rock.
2. East side excavation l-Three big
shovels are feeding fleet of trac-
tor-drawn trailers which are dump
ing their load into the river crossing
conveyor. The overburden is being
dumped into Rattlesrlake canyon.
No rock work is underway there.
8. Gravel plant Tuning up of
this system delayed for several
weeks due to the non-shipment by
a small contractor for small panel
of steel needed in the layout, is
now scheduled to take place within
week.
Build Two Towers
4. Tower conStructio1l-Two big
towers are going up like Sky7rocketS
Both have reached the top of the
steel frame and derrick is being
moved into place for the placing OF
steel on the third tower directly be-
low the dam site highway.
S. Cofferdam work-Two steam
hammers are delivering their
mighty blows ON the sheet piling
which will form the rectangle in
which the first concrete will be
poured. Two big circular cells are
now being built to connect onto the
blocks of concrete. Later the other
portions of the cofferdam will be
torn out and the water diverted
around the cells now being built.
6. Engineers townSite collstruc-
tion-CCC boys under Ruben Sinex
and work1nen under the force
account banner of the u. S. bureau
of reclamation are putting on fin
ishing touches to Administration