davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times., 1935-11-14

declare TO the American 1r1ends
Of the Soviet Union:
The Russian workers and peas
ants have long since come to re
gard the Stain regime rs the
enemy Of the people and the Op-
pressOr Of all the tOilers.
Instead of being q revolution
ary government, the Stain rule
has degenerated into the most
counter-revolutionary and reac-
tionary power in the world.
Instead Of being dedicated to a
policy Of true peace, the Stain
system has raised the greatest
militariStic machine on earth.
Instead Of delivering the work.
ers from exploitation, Stain has
delivered them into a state of per
petual exploitation by a ruthless
government from which there is
no escape and no appeal.
Instead of lifting the standard
of living of the great masses OF
the Russian people, the Stain
bureaucracy has reduced their
level Of existence to the lowest
depths imaginable.
Hate Government
Instead Of being enthusiastic
supporters Of the Soviet govern
ment. the Russian workers hate
it now with all-consuming hatred
was employed in the "Red
Putilov" plant in Leningrad, per
hapS the foremost industrial eS
tabliShment in Russia.
(The Putilou plant is the old
est and largest steel mdnutdctur
ing center in Russia
The Putilov plant is regarded
by Soviet historians as the cradle
Of the revolution. In March, 1917
the Putilov workers supplied the
SinewS that overthrew the czar
Again in November Of that veal
the Putilov men raised Lenin anc
TrotSky to power.
Now these Americans who still
cling to the myth of Stalinism be
ing a labor government would ge
the shock Of their lives if they
could only share the innermost
thoughts OF the $4,000 men anC
women at present employed a
the Putilov Works.
I remember what the Putilo1
workers thought when Hamilton
Fish and Matthew Woll raised ar
outcray in America against thu
penal labor system in Russia. Tht
Soviet press denounced Fish anc
Vol as enemies of the workers
as FaScistS and capitalists.
But the Putilov workers wert
gleeful and secretly hailed tht
American leaders as true friend.
Of Russian labor and as the
enemies Of their oppressors. Il
was enough for the Stalinists tc
The Washington times., 1935-11-14
u. 5. BACKS0LD
. NAVY RATIO

President Roosevelt yesterday
awaited a final draft Of the
agenda for the London naval con-
ferences, holding up selection Of
the American delegation pending
full information on scope of the
discussions.
Secretary Hull said the Ameri-
can representatives will be chosen
shortly. Secretary Swanson said
Admiral William H. Standley will
be the Navy's representative.
Hull said the delay in announc-
ing the delegation is because the
conference date has yet to be set.
AS indicated by the President
in his Armistice Day address, the
United States will insist upon the
5-5-3 nava. ratio with Britain
and Japan.
The President, 1t was learned,
is determined not to allow this
country'S naval defenses to sink
below present relative strength.
He is determined to stand on the
1912 replacement building pro-
gram set forth in the Vinson act.
In verification Of this, he re.
vealed yesterday that he has dis
cussed with Assistant Secretary
Of the Navy Henry L. Roosevelt
and with Admiral Standley, the
possibility Of including in the new
budget a provision for a battle
ship to be laid down early in
1897.
The Washington times., 1935-11-14
Article I
BY MICHAEL BURsTEIN

am q Soviet worker, q
Jew, and q recent immigrant
in this country.
Since my arrival in the
United States on November 6,
1884, after being ransomed by
my American brother from a
life of slavery in Russia,
have been obsessed by one
discovery, namely:
The American people do not
appreciate sufficiently how
kind fate has been to them
They do not prize the liberty
they possess, the democratic
system of government which
they inherited, and the ma.
terisl bounty which they en-
joy, in spite Of the depression
AS a Soviet worker, holding the
titles Of Hero Of Labor" and
Shock Brigsdier" bestowed upon
me by the Soviet authorities foI
my performance in the fiveyear
plan campaign, I am astonished
to find in this country well-mean.
ing persons who still believe that
the Stain dictatorship is gov.
ernment for workers and by work.
erS.
Enemy Of the People
AS a common metal worker, as
a soldier and commander in the
Red army under the leadership OF
Lenin and TrotSky, aS q native OF
Russia who had fought for the
Soviet revolution in its crucial bat.
ties against the white armies, I
The Washington times., 1935-11-14
RUSH TO POLLS
NBRITAINL LED
BY WOMEN

LONDON, Nov. IA GN.SO-Ap-
plication of League of Nations
sanctions Monday, tension in the
Mediterranean and Far East, a
rearmed Germany, and prospec-
tive failure of next months naval
limitations conference faced TO-
100000 voters of the United King
dom as they went to the polls to-
day in virtual plebiscite on arm
amentS.
Today's parliamentary general
election, it is conceded on all sides,
will lower the government major,
ity in the House Of Commons, but
nevertheless will return Prime
Minister Stanley Baldwin's Ma
tional" government to power for
another five years with major
ity Of around $50.
Women Vote Early
Women outnumbered men by
three to one in the early balloting.
Because the governments re-
armament program, unofficially
involving a billion, dollar loan, had
been widely supported by leaders
Of nearly all parties, and the out
come of the election seemed as.
Sured, the Laborite opposition
staged a vigorous campaign in
the three weeks since the poll was
proclaimed, and Labor is expected
to recoup some of the losses sui,
tered in the 1881 election, wher
the financial crisis brought land
slide to the coalition government
A rejuvenated Liberal Party
too, is expected to have a larger
representation in the House.
With 40 Of them unoppoSed
1,242 men and IS women stano
for election to the 615 places ir
the Mother of Parliaments," the
new session of which meets No
Vember 26.
Three -COrnered Contests
The pro-government faction ha!
665 candidates, of whom 511 arr
Conservatives, and the opposition
$50, Of whom $50 are Laborites
and 154 Liberals.
One hundred forty-eight consti
tuencies witnessed three-cornereo
fights among Conservatives, Labor
ties and Liberals, there were 342
straight clashes between ConServ
ativeS and Laborites, and q be
tween Conservatives and Liberals
There were eight four-cornered
contests.
The Washington times., 1935-11-14
New Cement Sets
In Only 20 Minutes

NEW HAVEN, Conn, Nov. IA.
"A new type concrete has
been discovered which will hard
en- in 20 minutes and is less eX-
pensive than that now used. A
demonstration was conducted at
Yale's engineering laboratories by
Karl P. Billner, nationally known
mixer,
The Washington times., 1935-11-14

course Of a battle In the old
churchyard Of Maribou, a battle
fought by one man against the
local police, supported by an in
furiated mob. The man-now
The Washington times., 1935-11-14

desperately Ill In the prison hos.
pital-is Koshanjatz, notorious
bandit Of the Balkans. The girl is
his sweetheart.
The Washington times., 1935-11-14

Michael BurSteiI1, shock brtgnder'
of the ttve-yeGr plan and formerly
commander In the Red Army, pre-
sentS In this series OF articles a
graphic picture OF the We OF a
Soviet yorker. Although not a
Communist, BuTstetn fought for
Lenin and TrotSky, supported the
Communist regime loyGlly, and
distinguished himself as metal
,Dorker at the famous "Red Putt
lov" plant IN LeniHCrGd. He tDds
ranSomed from the SoUtet Union
at the cost of $463-the fee for q
foreign paSsport-by his brother.
a Brooklyn carpenter, and GrrtUed
in this country in NoUember, 1884.
Burstein Is one of the tet0 Sovtet
citizens dllo1Ded to leGUe that
country legally. otUtnn to his er-
cellent Ddr and political record.
and his testimony is especially
vdludble on that account.
The Washington times., 1935-11-14
Battle in Graveyard

BELGRADE QNS0.-Symbol
Of death-a tombstone-saved the
life Of a beautiful girl in the
The Washington times., 1935-09-24

and the manager of the commits
sary department, prisoner Lyskin.
In 1917 Lyskin was mayor of
one of the smaller towns in the
south of Russia. The prisoners
liked him and he did not give him.
self any airs. He always readily
granted his assent to any request
of the prisoners though he hardly
ever fulfilled his promises. He
did not know how to work, the
management of his department
was neglected and his chief con-
Germ was the comfortable arrange
ment Of his personal life. He was
one of the few non-communist
prisoners who were allowed to live
beyond the barbed wire. He had
one weakness: he loved steam
baths and massage. Twice a week
the bathhouse was especially pre-
pared for him, floors covered with
fresh straw, and two prisoners,
professional steam-bath attend
ants, would wash and massage
him.
The Washington times., 1935-09-24
6-POund Girl
Is Born to
BeEgdOIIs

PHILADELPHIA, Sept. "a ON.
SO.-A six-pound, 10-ounce baby
girl was born in hospital here
today to Mrs. Grover Cleveland
Bergdoll, wife of the notorious
Philadelphia draft dodger, now in
this country seeking amnesty for
her husband.
Hospital attaches reported
both mother and daughter doing
fine" The latest addition to the
family of four Bergdoll children
arrived shortly after last mid
night. Their other children in
clude Erwin, Z; Emma, 6, and
Minna, S, now atteding a public
school here, and 11-year-old Alfred.
Mrs. Bergdoll, who has made
two unsuccessful pleas to Wash
ington for her exiled husband, is
the guest of her mother-in-law,
Mrs. Emma Bergdoll. She ar
rived from Germany last May 2.
The Washington times., 1935-09-24

great drinking orgies at his apart
ment where Finnish national
songs were sung and scenes Of the
Fatherland were recalled. In the
morning they would all return to
camp and sober up in their shop
consuming large amounts of var.
nish if no more alcohol was to be
found.
Camp Commander Monakhov
knew of these escapedes, but over,
looked them because Karjalainen
was an old friend of his while
already in the Solovetsky camp,
and they would often go on a
drinking bout together. Besides,
Karjalainen had some important
protectors in Moscow. Monakhov
himself made personal use OF
some of the alcohol allocated to
the hospital and therefore did not
bother Karjalainen about the un'
warranted consumption of the
state varnish supply.
Camp Commander Monakhov
also lived outside the barbed wire,
in town. Every morning at 8
o'clock a smartly turned out sled
with bearskin coverings would be
sent to his door from the camp.
There it awaited him, sometimes
several hours, depending on his
condition.
Usually he arrived at II o'clock
and signed the papers which were
prepared for him at the office.
After that he would Immediately
return to town for lunch. His
useful activity commenced upon
his return from town after lunch
where his nervous system was re-
inforced by vodka. Before lunch
con he was totally worn-out man
with dim, restless eyes, trembling
hands and a twitching face. After
luncheon, on the contrary, his
eyes acquired an especial sparkle
of hardness and cruelty, his
mouth would be distorted into a
grimacing smile and his paleness
became pronounced. In camp he
enjoyed an Infamous reputation
for cruelty.
The Washington times., 1935-09-24
OGPU Prison Terr0rs Mount for Kitchin
FATIGUE, COLD,
HUNGER ADD
T0STRA|N

who had lost the last vestige Of
human feeling, hungry like wolves
Upon being let out of the tents
they flung themselves upon the
barrels, elbowed and shouldered
their way through our privileged
crowd from the bathhouse, which
was just preparing to eat, and in
another minute were complete
masters Of the situation. Sur,
rounding the barrels in a tight
ring, all armed with big wooden
spoons, they ate, ate, and ate.
But how they ate! The huge
spoons filled with boiling hot
liquid were showed into hungry
wide-open mouths, the contents
were instantly swallowed, the
spoons went back into the basins
and out again. Some threadlike
shreds of substance were hanging
on the spoons and all this was
swallowed with incredible speed.
The criminals crowded around
the barrels two rows deep. Those
in the second row showed their
spoons in between those in the
front row, spilling half the con-
tents, but catching up the drip
pings somehow and licking them
from their hands ond cnoopc
The Washington times., 1935-09-24
GAS TAX SHIFT
ST|RSR0W

AS the special committee ap'
pointed by the District Commits
sioners to devise means of rails
ing additional taxes prepared to
resume it's sessions on Friday, the
city heads today received a letter
of protest against the proposal to
divert the special gasoline tax
into the general tax fund.
Declaring the gasoline tax fund
was originated exclusively for
road and street improvement and
repair, the District of Columbia
Motor Club wrote the city heads
it was vigorously opposed to such
a diversion.
The letter was signed by George
w. Offutt, chairman of the motor
clubs advisory board, who is also
chairman of the District Alcoholic
Beverage Control Board.
Commissioner George E. Allen
is the principal advocate of di-
verting the gasoline tax fund into
the general fund. Commissioner
Melvin c. Hazen leads the oppon-
ents to this view.
The letter points out that to
divert the gasoline tax to the gen.
eral fund, the present tax laws
would have to be changed by
Congress.
The Washington times., 1935-09-24
Feel Hunger

We worked slowly, the cold
penetrated my light overcoat and
low shoes. Hunger and fatigue
were becoming poignant. We were
promised dinner at S, but every
minute made it more difficult to
await it. The sentry would not ad-
NIT me back into the bathhouSe,
the storekeeper in his tiny shop
refused to sell anything without a
ration card and all my entreaties
to let me buy q piece OF bread
were unavailing.
I was slowly congealing. All
thought was directed to the one
aim Of getting something to eat
and warming myself. The pangs
of hunger were stubborn torture.
The degrading occurrence of the
morning was almost forgotten.
Now and then a thought would
flash through my brain. poor
Seryozha," and immediately it
would be superseded by another,
more tenacious ~one:
81 must get something to eat"
The group which had been de-
tailed to freeing the frozen float
of timber from ice returned to
camp at S o'clock. They presented
horrifying appearance, blue
from cold, hands swollen, eyes
watering, some with froStbitten
noses, ears or cheeks.
In another half hour the men
woh had been sent to the forest
returned. All of them were des-
perately tired, having given their
last efforts to the new, unaccus-
toned work. Since it was their
first day. they were allowed to re-
turn earlier. though many had not
completed their assignments, but
they were warned that on the
next day they would be detained
in the forest until the whole task
assigned was finished by the
group.
At 6 o'clock we were finally ad
mitted into the unheated bath
house and, in anticipation of the
dinner" we threw ourselves like
wild beasts upon the remains of
bread given us in the morning.
We had but one thought-to eat
and to warm up. For whole week
we had had no dinner, had not
washed and had not slept propar-
ly. I felt pangs in the pit of my
stomach and was so tired that I
would have thrown myself on the
The Washington times., 1935-09-24
Ousted by OGPU

He was a former checklist and
had filled a fairly important posi-
ton in the OGPU, but got caught
in a very ugly affair. Having re
leased a young woman prisoner
his Sadistic tendencies finally
drove her to suicide. Before kill
ing herself, the unhappy woman
wrote a letter to the district at
torney describing the whole af
fair in detail. 1t was all brought
to the knowledge of the OGPU
heads. He was arrested and tried
by the secret tribunal.
Thanks to influential protection,
the OGPU sentenced him to only
five years imprisonment in the
Solovetsky camp. In that camp
his good connections again aided
him in making headway, and after
serving a part of his five-year sen.
tence he became the strongest
candidate for replacing the former
commander of the KotlaS Trans
fer Station in the new Northern
camp district. He was IS years
old
He impressed one as a fairly
intelligent man, always clean,
shaven and well dressed. Gandyish
in a manner that Smacked of de-
generacy. He seemed to take bet
ter care of his outward appear
ance than you would expeHt from
a regular party Communist. BY
origin he belonged to the petty
bourgeoisie.
Monakhov's staff consisted Of
his secretary, Skryabin, convict
who was formerly prosecuting at.
torney of the Rostov OGPU; Of
the guard commander Ogloblin, a
typical soldier type who was an
out-and-out drunkard and took
little interest in anything around
him; of number of clerks chosen
from among the prisoners; of the
chief of the stations secret intel.
ligence department, Zakhariantz,
who was also a former accredited
agent of the OGPU now serving
a three-year sentence.
Then there was the warden, a
coarse, cruel man appointed from
among the prisoners; so soldiers
The Washington times., 1935-09-24
Told to Wait

More than two hours passed,
but no Semblance of a dinner.
Somebody announced that the
newly arrived prisoners would be
fed right out in the open yard,
The sentry was constantly ap.
preached by questions as to the
dinner. But the well-fed cannot
understand the famiShed. First
he pretended ignorance which
later gave way to abuse.
go to the devil, don't bother
me, you'll gObble it up all right
when it's thrown to you; wait"
After the morning lesson no
body even dared to think of max
ing any demands and we all
humbly waited.
At 8 o'clock Lyskin entered. He
told us that dinner" would be
served soon and that we would
get it in the yard.
Don't forget your spoons"
he advised.
He blamed our own selves for
not getting the morning porridge
and calmed us by a promise that
soon everything would be organ
lied, that we would stay in the
bathhouse only one more night
and that we would then be trans
ferred to the barracks, which were
warmer and roomier.
"This place here is, to be sure,
not all that it should be-" he
added, "but you understand
that after all this is penal
camp and there is nothing you
can do about it,"
Getting ready our spoons, we
waited. Time dragged slowly and
every minute sharpened our hun
ger. At last joyous cry an
nounced dinner. Pushing and SHOW
ing, the crowd noisily made for
the exit.
It was dark and cold. At the
right, near the kitchen, open fires
were blazing in the snow. Silhou"
cites of moving men could be seen
against this background. Spoons
in hand we rushed to the fires.
The architect and I were overtak-
en- by some prisoners from the
rear room of the bathhouse. Six
blazing piles of wood Illuminated
the feast. Spread upon upturned
empty barrels were large iron
washbasins filled with a hot soup
like concoction.
The Washington times., 1935-09-24
Dreams of Food

Without resorting to brute force
there was no way of squeezing
oneself up to the barrel and we
certainly could not fight them In
a few minutes the entire contents
OF the basins were devoured and
We left as empty-bellied as we had
come. 1t was evident that if there
was no change in the service of
the camp dinners" we would
have to sustain ourselves on the
half-kilogram of bread which was
our daily ration.
We returned to the bathhouse
in a very depressed state. Our
quarters were still as cold and
damp as before, there was insult
ficient light, no room to sleep;
knees gave way from fatigue ana
ones body shook all over with
cold.
On the way back mad tried
to refresh my face with snow and
noticed that the snow melted un.
usually fast and my face re.
manned as hot as ever. I was
feveriSh, which was not surpris-
ing under these circumstances.
However, as there was nothing I
could do in the way of treatment
I decided to pay no attention to
the condition of my health. I sat
down again upon my basket and
fell asleep in this strained posi-
tion.
I do not know how long I
slept. I dreamt that I was falling
into an abyss, I cried out and
awoke. The room was filled with
bodies heaped all over and across
each other. Hands, feet, faces,
were all intermingled. Men were
lying on top of each other, their
The Washington times., 1935-09-24
DRUNKEN BOSS
HOLDS SONG
ORGIES

Arrested in 1928, on trumped-
up espionage charges, the Gu-
thor, a Finn, 1oaS kept in DGrt-
Gus OGPU prisons until JulV,
1929, Uhen he tDGS sentenced to
four years. penal SerDitude and
contiScdtion of his property.
Meanwhile, his tOite and their
infant son had been GlloiDed to
moUe to Finland. Before his
arrest, Kitchin had been in
business in Russia for SeOe1l
years. After a weeks journey,
the convict train reaches the
OGPU northern camp, KotldS
Transfer Station, tDhere MonGk-
hoU, the commander, and others
quickly make clear that the
"rdbble" are not at "Guntte'S
house party" The time is De-
cember. 1929: the tDeGther. sub
zero. The prisoners are ordered
to ,Uork, the author ShoUeling
S7lOD,
The Washington times., 1935-09-24


open mouths breathed heavily,
some slept with half-open ghastly
eyes.
I perched myself on my basket
and lit a cigarette. So that Is
what is called a penal camp! How
long can a man bear up under
these conditions?
Dim visions of toothsome dishes
swan before my eyes: crystal
bowls with salads and lobster, my
favorite porterhouse steaks with
luscious lyonnaise potatoes,
salmon and meat, meat in all
forms!
Copyright. 1895 by Angman. Green &
Co. Distributed by King Syndicate. Inc.
The Washington times., 1935-09-24
20 to o. Basin

Twenty men to each basin," ex'
claimed a voice, though it was
quite evident that 20 men could
not approach one basin.
While we were thinking this
over we were almost swept off
our feet by a veritable avalanche
of running men. It was the gang
of criminals from the tents, men
The Washington times., 1935-09-24
Boss O. DrlGnkard

He was an incorrigible drunk.
ard and, as a true Finnish car.
penter, drank pure alcohol instead
of vodka. From time to time he
would detail his countrymen to
some work in town and they were
allowed to go there without escort
on his personal responsibility.
Such days always ended up with
The Washington times., 1935-09-24

dirty floor just as I was, had there
been room. But the thought of
the promised dinner overcame
even this fatigue.
We had not received the morn
ing porridge promised by Lyskin.
It appeared that it had to be
fetched from the kitchen. but
when this was made known to us
it was too late as the porridge by
that time was all eaten.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1935-03-08
RESOLUTION

WHEREAS there exists Il public
EMERGENCY which could not reason
aUlv ave been foreseen at the time
OF the making of the budget for the
present fiscal wear. in this: That the
for the present fiscal vear for the
car. OF the outside poor OF the county
has become exhausted: and
WHEREAS. it now becomes ncces-
sarv Tor the Board of County Com
m~isSionrrs OF Bic Horn County. Mon
Itana. to create an emergency budget
for the are OF the outside poor of
said county for the remainder of the
pres,n, fiscal e. in the estimated
sum of Ten Thousand Dollars
tS1O.O0O.00):
NOW. THEREFORE. BE 1T RE
SOLVED bv the unanimous vote Of
all of the members OF said Board
present at the meeting held OF said
Board on this dav that such emer-
genCv budget in said estimated sum
of money be created for the care of
the outside poor of Big Horn county.
! Montana. for the remainder OF the
present fiscal wear.
! 1T Is FURTHER ORDERED That
a public hearing be held at the Com
missioners' room in the Court House
at Hardin. Montana. on the 18th dav
of March. 1885. at ten o'clock a. M.
of said dav. where and when Obiec-
tons will be head to the creation of
said emergency budget. and that upon
the conclusion of the sold hearing
1.-THE matter of approval of said emer-
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1935-03-08
CALVIN II. ASBURY VICTIM
OF SUDDEN HEART ATTACK

Continued : from PAGE One)