davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1935-03-25
FOREIGN EXCHANGES.

NEW YORK. March % Hn n-Foreisn
exchange irregular Great Britain in
dollars. others in cents:
Great Britain--Demand. AS; cables,
AS, 6G-dsy bills. 40: 40 Francs1De-
pemand $50: cables. s.e3.
Demands; Belsium 22;6l: Germany:
sweden. "A. Denmark, 21.32; Fin
land. 21ola: Switzerland. 3".37; Spain.
1857: Portugal. 4.34a4; Greece. O.93ss.
Poland 1880; CZechoslovakia. AIS;
Yusoslavia. 3.o7Ia: Austria. 1S.s5n: Hun
gary. 20 son; Rumania, LOLA; Argentina
81 S5n Brazil s.5Sl2: Toxic. $500;
City Isilver peso) 27S5; Montreal in New
York 9937Ea: New York in Montreal.
100 62i2 Nominal.
Evening star., 1935-03-25
ANACONDA EARNS
S1,95O,093| IN YEAR
Copper Output Increases 80
Per Cent-Bank Loans
Reduced Sharply.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, March 25.-Anaconda
Copper Mining Co. in its annual re-
port shows net income for 1884 OF
S196O,O9 compared with a net loss
in 1888 of S6,822. lis.
Copper production from its own and
subsidiary mines of 1894 was 393,643,-
635 pounds, an increase of 80 per cent
over the previous year, and produc-
tion of electrolytic zinc was l38,447.- =
352 pounds, decrease of II per cent
from 1888.
A substantial reduction in the
amount of bank loans outstanding was
recorded with the end of 1884 total
at S59,549.l20 against S69,S98,O0O a
year earlier.
Evening star., 1935-03-25
Funded Debt Cut
$2,OOO,OOO in Year
By Pure Oil Co.
Special Dispa tch to The Star.

Special Dispatch to The Star.
NEW YORK, March 25.-The report
of the Pure Oil Co. and Its subsidiaries
for the fiscal year 1884 shows re-
duction of 100000 in funded debt
and approximately 100000 in bank
loans and notes payable. The net
working capital was $l2,175,502, in
cluding 1884, ,486 cash.
Profits applicable to interest charges
on the gold notes and depreciation
Evening star., 1935-03-25
Estimates Again Decline.

NEW YORK, March rs R.-steel
operating schedules for the current
week were today estimated by the
American Iron 81 Steel Institute at
46l per cent Of capacity, o decline
of q of percentage point from the
previous week.
The current rate, as estimated, is
nearly 2 points below the average
of o month ago, but is about "a point
above ratio for the corresponding
period last year.
Evening star., 1935-03-25
U. S. TREASURY POSITION.
BY the Associated Press,

By the Associated Press.
The position Of the Treasury OF March
90 was: Receipts. $50. ,9U4: expendi-
lures. S63. $50; balance. 50 $40, ,728, =
go; customs receipts for the month. $23.-
Receipts for the fscal year tsince July
u, 81; 79s, 845, ,037; expenditures 81. .97s-
4Io SOg uncludine $2.562.269.966 of
psnditures; oS2.17s,77O.472; sold assets.
BILE date last year,, S27, ,323.3l3; eXpendi-
lures; S15. 1884: net balance. S4. .804. :
ss34.yI9; customs receipts for the month,
- Receipts for the fiscal year, 50 ..6o .517..
Eoo expenditures. S4.672 .432 .37l. includ-
ing ing % nOi i..l6, ,231 Of emergency expendi-
I1res LYLE. excess OF expenditures. S2.409.9l5,-
lO3; gold assets. $3.50. .o93. .O36.
Evening star., 1935-03-25
TIRE SHIPMENTS RISE
SHARPLY IN JANUARY
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, March 25.-Shipments
of rheumatic castings during January
amounted to 3,662,6l5 against 3,l06.-
$50 in December and 3,222,398 In
January. 1884, the Rubber Manufac-
turers Associated reported today. Pro-
duction for the month was 1925, ,473
units compared with 3,778,4l8 in De-
cember and 3 1921 ,587 last year. Stocks
in the hands of manufacturers on jan
uary 81 totaled 1896, ,667 units against
8, 9,454,985 in the previous month and
1854, ,389 at the same date last year.
Evening star., 1935-03-25
LESS U. s. COTTON USED.

NEW YORK, March Is CD.-World
consumption Of American cotton dur,
ing February totaled approximately
958, 900 bales, compared with I,lI6,OOO
bales for the same month a year ago,
according to the Cotton Exchange
Service.
Evening star., 1935-03-25
DYESTUFFS HOLD LEVELS.

NEW YORK, March Is R.-A
good tone is said to prevail in the
textile dyestuffs market despite
gradual slackening of activity in some
sections of the market.
Evening star., 1935-06-06
tain absolutely essential" additions

tain absolutely essential" additions
to the District bill necessary.
The upshot of the matter was an
addition of $ll7.363 by the Senate
for the Health Departmental fair
start toward sound public health
program for the District. But when
the bill went to conference, only ST.
1863 of this increase was saved. Items
for necessary public health work total
ing a hundred thousand dollars were
thrown out.
So the Health Department is prac-
tically back where it started. The
evidence of doctors as to the great
need for more expenditure on public
health protection is discarded. A
better public health program is
halted before it is fairly started
Lives which might have been saved
may be loSt-through the inability
of the community to extend protec-
tion to those most in need of it. The
Congress of the United States has
the exclusive power of appropriation
for the District. The responsibility
it assumes in Withholding necessary
funds for public health work is q
rather grave one.
Evening star., 1935-06-06
London and Washington Traffic

Greater London, which comprises
the wide area centering upon the
British capital, with total population
Of nearly eight million, is about to be
the scene of broad program of rapid
transit improvement. The chancellor
of the exchequer has informed the
House of Commons that the govern
ment will guarantee a loan of f35,-
900 0000-roundly SITS. 900 ,0O0-for a
five-year program of development
which will comprise the building of
twelve miles of new subways, the cleo
trifcation of forty-four miles of sub
urban railways, the doubling and
electrification of twelve and a half
miles of other lines and the substi-
tuition of trolley buses for street cars
I,on 148 route miles. Nearly half Of
the present 337 miles of tramways in
Greater London will be abandoned
and the tracks, which have greatly
impeded traffic in the congested areas,
will be removed.
Thus on a considerably larger scale
than in Washington the British cap
ital is to be revamped in respect to its
/ local transportation. The abandon
ment of tracks, proposed here, will be
vital feature of the change. 1t is,
! however, to be noted that the buses
proposed as requirements for the
| tracked lines will be of the trolley
style, electric vehicles operated from
overhead wires, similar to system
which is in use in Chicago. These
bus lines, once established, cannot be
as readily changed as in the case of
independent motor busses. The sole
| advantage in the substitution will lie
in the removal of the tracks from the
street surface.
| Greater London covers an area of
about 693 square miles and the prob
lem of transportation within it has
in the past half century become A
serious one. Shallow underground
lines were opened IN 1853. with steam
engines In operation. The tmposst-
Evening star., 1935-06-06
Demand for Rigid Regulation
OF Tennessee Valley Spending

More rigid regulation Of eXpendi-
lures by the Tennessee Valley Author
ity in the development Of its great
project is demanded BY most Of the
newspaper comment on the recent
audit by Controller Of the Treasury
McCarl.
THE official Treasury watchdog finds
,llegalities or irregularities in more
than Sl.00OO0O worth Of contracts" "
states the Chicago Daily News, and
the Portland Oregonian predicts stern
steps to prevent repetition" The
Bloomington Ill) Paragraph feels
that the term "haphazard" should be
applied 10 the business phase Of the
work.
The list of irregularities" the Ma
con tGaD Telegraph says. presents
strong indictment of T V. A. and
yet it is but small part of the record
as drawn up by Mr. McCarl. 1t is
said most of these apparent irregu-
iaritieS can be explained. and much is
said about engineering requirements,
but the average man will require
something more definite than all this.
What possible excuse could there be.
for example, for paying more rent for
land than similar land could be bought
for outright?"
Concerning the criticisms" accord
ing to the New York Sun. DIR. Arthur
e. Morgan, chairman of the authority,
is quoted as having said that they
boil down to a question as to whose
Judgment shall determine issues on
the job-that of the engineers or that
of the auditors. A better answer than
that will be necessary if the T " A.
vardstiCk is ever to be regarded with
respect by that portion of the Ameri-
can public which is reasonably skillful
in reading balance sheets"
Noting that the authority was shown
to have made commitments for s25.-
900 900 in excess of the amount which
Congress had tacitly agreed to when
the scheme was approved" the Lynch
burg CVa) Advance argues: 1T is a
dangerous custom for Federal agencies
to assume they have the privilege of
far exceeding their budgets in the ex-
pectation that Congress will come TO
the rescue and vote additional funds.
While there is nothing criminal in
this practice, so long as all expendi-
ture is honestly accounted for" OBJ
serves the Greensboro Daily News,
the practice is wrong and Congress
should put an end to it. If they begin
on the T. v. A. the authority must
admit it invited the attack. Govern
ment expenditures should not be per-
mitted that have not been approved
in advance. There are cases in which
the amount was short at the outset
and after getting the work under way
it is realized that what was intended
cannot be done for the allotment. In
such case the matter should be laid
before a committee Of Congress. Plan
ming to spend more than is in imme-
diate sight, with the expectation that
Congress will put up. piles up the
spending to an unreasonable amount" :"
Observing with satisfaction that,
"for the present the proposed legisla-
tion To enlarge the powers and opera
tionS of the Valley Authority has been
sidetracked," the Charleston IS. c.
Evening Post declares: Instead Of
Evening star., 1935-06-06

enlarging the operations Of the T. V.
A. Congress would do we'll to restrict
them. 1t promises to compete on q
tremendous scale with private business
in the larger part of the South. to the
great detriment Of investments and
the injury of investors who, in good
faith. have riSked their money IN the
Improvement and development Of this
part of the country. 1t will be used
for experiments in governmental OPP
Grafton Of business and TO furnish eX-
amples and precedents for similar
operations in other regions. BY many
it is regarded as the most objection
able feature of the administration
program"
The Buffalo Times, however, pro-
tests against the action of the House
Military Affairs Committee in voting
l3 to u, TO pigeonhole the Norris
McSWain amendments to the T. V. A"
and adds: The Senate passed the
Norris -McSwain amendments, 3 to l.
The House. We believe. will eventually
approve them by an equal margin, and
for the same reaScn-because the
American people will tolerate no sabo-
tage of the Governments great expert
ment in the Tennessee Valley"
While maintaining that the author
ity should be called from time to time
TO justify itself" the Milwaukee Jour
nal says in defense of the project:
The attack on the Tennessee Valley
Authority, made under cover OF an
audit by Controller General McCarl.
turns out TO be a personal or at least
an interested Interpretation by those
who are fighting the public utility bill
Thus We are face TO face with more
of the propaganda that has been food
ing this country. McCarl. 1t is true,
does not like some of the practices Of
the T. " A. in letting contracts. He
calls these practices 'haphazard' He
holds to the regular plan of letting
contracts to the lowest bidder The
T. V. A. did not always find it pos
Sible to follow that practice. 1t is do
ing pioneer work, and that includes an
element of research in quest of both
materials and workmanship. It In
easy to see that the usefulness of the
material may be as important as the
price"
Evening star., 1935-06-06

bility of proper ventilation led to ex-
periments with electric power in 1900
and six years later complete electric
traction was installed. Now the ma jor
part of the traffic load is borne by
these underground lines or tubes" :"
which have been extended far into the
former suburbs, now definitely in
cluded in the urban area.
Subway proposals have been ad-
vanced in Washington from time to
time for some years past but have
never received favorable consideration.
Meanwhile the traffic problem here
has been greatly complicated by the
development Of individual tranSporta-
tion by motor car, which has thrown
an enormous burden upon the streets,
which are much wider than those of
London. In the British capital, how
ever, parking is not permitted and the
comparatively narrow thoroughfares
are more free for the accommodation
of vehicles in motion than those here
The population of Greater London
is about seven and a half times that
of the urban and suburban area of
Washington, including the immedi-
ately outlying residential sections of
Maryland and Virginia. Yet with all
its complexities Londons transporta-
ton problem is not as difficult as that
which presents itself in the American
Capital If Washington had one
tenth of the underground service that
is now in operation in London it would
be better accommodated.
Evening star., 1935-06-06
Another Health Program Lost.

Public health, the doctors agree, is
largely purci1asable. The community
which is willing to spend the money
can purchase certain amount of in
surance against disease. Safeguard
Ing the public health is a rather
practical undertaking which requires
the expenditure of money for sde-
ouate personnel and hospital facil-
ities, There is not a great deal of
mystery about it.
AS start toward the greater pub
lie health program which he hopes
to obtain for the District, DR.. Ruh-
land, the new public health officer,
hoped to secure sufficient funds for
the next fiscal year to enlarge the
staff of doctors and nurses and pro-
vide for a greater amount of follow
up" work in the homes of those who
need 1t. The Senate committee which
BbuQleO' Iue OISlLICI UilA llCdAd CNA-
dence from the Health Department
and from private physicians relating
to some of the greater needs in safe
guarding the public health in the
District. The Senators, judging from
their comments in the record of hear
InpS uere shocked to learn that
money was not even available for
purchase of diphtherial toxin for i'm
nunization of school children; that
when there was some danger Of a
scarlet fever epidemic last Winter
the health officer lacked the funds to
hire two additional doctors for scarlet
fever work and that there were cer-
Evening star., 1935-06-06

preceding l849 resulted in its almost
complete disappearance. Then fol-
lowed nearly 80 years during which
the rainfall filled the lake basin.
Within the past decade the arid con-
ditionS Of lS49 have returned and the
size of the lake again has been greatly
reduced
Similar reduction in rainfall has
been responsible for the drying up
of several lakes which I listed in
the Cobb Desert in 1925. TSagan
NOr-White Lake in the Language of
the Mongol-had an area of square
miles when 1t was first visited by the
Central Asiatic Expedition in 1922.
Three years later in June it had sunk
to a third of that size and by the
middle Of July the water was gone
leaving fiat of mud white with salt
An old Mongol who had lived near
the lake all his life reported that so
years before it had been dry. This
was about the time of the earlier
drying up of Goose Lake in Califor-
MIA.
1T is clear that recurrent climatic
changes have reduced the size of
lakes in the more arid portions of
Asia and North America during the
past century and it may be supposed
that similar changes occurred n tie
past. With the consequent destruction
of the aquatic plants it came about,
many millions of years ago, that the
gradual extinction Of the race Of
strangely built elephants took place
The only evidence of their having
lived at all is the finding of their
petritied bones buried in the muds
and sands of the ancient lakes Of
Asia and North America. This record
of fossil plants of aquatic types. which
appear to have served as their food,
completes the picture
No aquatic plants have yet been
found in the same deposits with the
skeletons Of the shovel-tuskers. 1t is
rare ever to find fossil bones and
plants together. 1t may be that if
these elephants could have become
fossils before, instead of after, eating,
there might have remained in the
rocks of Central Asia more of the
pond lilies which seem to have made
possible their existence in the deserts
of the past"
Evening star., 1935-06-06
Anglo-Irish Peace ?

Dublin press dispatches foreShadow
that one Of the results of the current
reconstruction of the British cabinet
is likely to be a impeachment be-
tween Great Britain and the Irish
Free State. Various concrete devel-
opments Of the recent past promise
more progress in that direction than
at any time since the outbreak of
the controversy over The land annui-
ties three years ago.
Observers scent a prospect of re-
conciliation in the unequivoCal decla-
ratien by President de Valera that
the Free State would not allow Ire
land to be used AS a base for hostile
attacks against Great Britain or the
Dominions. A conciliatory speech in
reply by British Dominions SeCre-
tary Thomas was favorably received
in Dublin. Mr.. de Vdlera's pledge
has timely interest because of the
recrudeScence of German sea power.
In pre-war times it was one Of the
day dreams of the KaiSer'S naval
strategiStS that, with Irish Connlv-
ance. the Emerald Isle could be made
to serve the purpose OF facilitating
a German invasion Of Great Britain.
Yet another straw indicating how
the wind is blowing was President
de Valeras refusal, under prodding by
his parliamentary opposition, to de-
clare that his policy is definite sepa-
ration from Britain and the establish
ment of republic. He categorically
asserted that no such program will
be attempted during the life Of the
present administration though ap-
parently he does not foreclose the
possibility Of such step on some later
occasion, If the Irish people. in a
popular referendum, should vote for it.
The astute head of the Free State
government is said to have taken the
stand that he is not prepared to dis
cuSs any settlement with the British
except on the basis of united Ire
land-that is, the return Of the
northern counties now comprising the
government of Ulster to the domain
and Jurisdiction of the Free State.
The issues at stake between John
Bull and his "other island provide
ample material for compromise and
mutual concessions. The British, for
example, are reported ready to waive
their land annuities claim if the Free
State accepts responsibility for other
outstanding debts. Each country has
need for extended opportunities in
the others market. Last year prof
liable deal was concluded whereby
the Irish undertook to buy more Brit
ish coal in return for larger British
purchases of Irish cattle. Now there
is talk of Irish readiness to buy more
machinery and manufactured goods if
Britain will increase her purchases Of
Irish blooded stock
The prospect of Stanley Baldwin's
resumption of the British premier
ship is regarded as hopeful factor for
Anglo-Irish peace. He ranks as more
conciliatory to the Free State than
Ramsay Macdonald, who is about to
relinquiSh the helm at No. 10 Down.
ing street.
Evening star., 1935-06-06
THIS AND THAT
BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL.

Perhaps it is not so well known that
this bird also has many other notes
He can COO as well as any 'cooing
dove" without the lugubrious quality
of the latter.
He can set up series of notes. long
continued. which, If not exactly a
song. at least border closely on it.
The catbird is sort OF futurlstlc
singer, whose notes are arranged in
no easily recognized pattern, but
which easily may be classified as song.
What a happy world the bird
world is!
Everything is theirs, everything is
for their use.
The green moved lawns Of town and
country, the fields, the forests, alike
unroll for their benefit.
Owing to their powers of flight, they
are comparatively safe from most Of
their enemies.
That curious anomaly, the thrush,
which is from the woods, yet perfectly
at home around the homes Of men,
can leave the ground a foot or so in
front of a whirring mower without
the slightest fear or danger.
The world of the birds comes very
near to being that perfect thing man
kind always has enviSiOned.
Birds cannot help thinking. II they
think at all, that all is made for
their use
There are worms in the grass. ber-
ries on the shrubs, insects and glains
everywhere.
There is the bird bath recently set
out in a suburban fence corner.
The hopeful owner has been spying
on it for several days, but no bird had
taken a bath in it.
1t was too deep. some one told him.
Should be but half an inch or so.
Birds do not like to take baths in
deep water.
The owner obligingly filled the bot
tom with nice white sand to A depth
of not more than one-half inch.
Then he waited around the corner
Of the garage TO see the fun.
The first bird that came along was
a robin.
This fat fellow had just partaken OF
several nice worms II is worth the
price Of admission any time to see a
robin snake a fshin' worm out of
the grass.
! To the onlooker It seems as II It
yanks the worm right from among
the blades. but it reaches with It's
hard bill into the earth itself
This robin hoped along. came to
the path leading behind the garage,
proceeded to the bath with fine dis
dan for the stepping stones.
Surely he would plunge in. the
owner thought. keeping discreet watch.
while above him the trees rustled. the
branches Of the beebalm waved slightly
below.
/ Admiringlv the robin contemplated
his reflection.
/ Some one said OF his pool. 'I see
my sunset twice" and II was an ad-
mirable statement. Large or small,
a pool does just that.
The robin stood for several minutes
/ looking down.
Surely he would plunge in
After few minutes more Of gazing
! the bird carefully skirted the tiny pool
! leaving the ground a few feet on the
other side of il
The owner had but one hope now
I He would wait for the catbird whose
( intelligent head peered at him from
lilac.