Evening star., 1935-09-29

plicated several international situa-
tions recently. In the Saar plebiscite
and the Austrian Nazi revolt, the Ger
mans blanketed the affected regions
with daily and nightly broadcasts.
Anti-NaA refugees for while used
the Strassbourg, France, station to
plead their cause before the Saar
voters and their German brothers.
The Austrian Socialists operated ef-
fectively from Brno, CzechoSlovakia.
The DollfuSs government was helpless
before the blasts that originated in
the stations at Munich.
Today, while Mussolini RACES over
the news reports put on the air by
Geneva, Paris, London, Belgrade and
other cities, reports which tell Ital-
ians what actually Is happening out
side their country, the British and
French charge that the Italian station
at Bari is stirring up discomfort among
the native populations in their African
and Near Eastern colonies and man.
dated territories by series of broad
casts in Arabic. The Italians have
engaged such celebrated and influen-
tial Arabs as the Emir Chekib Arslan,
among others, to incite the Moslems
to revolt in Egypt, Palestine, Syria.
Transjordania, Algiers, Tunisia and
other territories, 1t is alleged. A few
well-directed radio broadcasts from
French frontier stations could con-
ceivably create serious difficulties for
the Fascists should the European cri-
sis become acute. That Mussolini is
bothered is evidenced by the subtle
attempt made by the Italian delega-
ton at Geneva to silence the Leagues
daily broadcasts. The "garbling" Of
the Ethiopian Queens appeal to the
world, presumably by an Italian sta
ton, also was an example of official
interference.
Meddling in the affairs Of other
become almost commonplace in Eu-
rope. The Communists started the
practice several years ago. Anti-Nazi
and anti-Fascist refugees and Socialist
organizations in various countries
seized upon the opportunity for sab
otage that presented itself. The
French, Dutch, Swiss. Belgian and for
mer Austrian governments were not
unSympathetic towards the activities
of the harassed refugees who poured
across their frontiers. Wildcat sta
tions appeared here and there and
caused considerable trouble until the
Nazis-in the Saar, Austrian and Dan
zig campaigns-demonst that
two could play at the same game.
Retaliations brought about an armistice
and now most governments have
agreed to control rigidly stations of
emission within their borders. But
when situations become strained, as
they now are over the Italo- Ethiopian
affair and the Memel controversy,
pledges are forgotten and the air over
Europe becomes poisonous.
Believe the Unheard.
One of Europe's most powerful
broadcasting stations is situated in
Luxembourg. 1t specializes in broad
casts in almost any language and 1t
can be herd all over the Continent.
Any one with the price can get on the
air from the principality and the sub
ject matter is of no concern to the
owners of the station. "Jumbling" the
air when embarrassing subjects are
being broadcast does not help mat
ters. Radio audiences, suspicious and
conjecturing over what they are not
permitted to hear, usually imagine the
worst. Hitler's attack on Lithuania
the other day set all Europe on edge
and will be reflected in the Memel
elections; Berlin's censorship and in
reference with dispatches and broad
casts from the Vatican always results
in increasing rather than decreasing
the antagonism Of the Catholics and
intellectuals in the third Reich.
While, as has been pointed out be-
fore, the majority of the youth of
Italy and Germany-and practically
all of the younger generation in Soviet
Russia-are deeply Influenced by the
Selective information they receive
through the controlled press of their
countries, there nevertheless is small
militant minority which reacts un-
favorably to any form of censorship.
They are usually found in the uni
versities. The Nazis are having more
trouble than they admit, or than the
outside world is aware, in directing
the political and religious thought in
the universities of Bonn, Cologne,
Aachen, Heidelberg and Freiburg. Be-
lore the wholesale burning of books,
banned by the ministry of propaganda.
look place students at Cologne and
Bonn virtually stripped the library
shelves, hiding the precious volumes
away in their dormitories or in their
homes. In most of the big UNIVERSE
ties the advanced students still refuse
to take the National Socialist Stu
dents League seriously and are keep
ing alive their traditional students
corps. Catholic corporations and
andsmannschaften.
Going on the Mussolinian theory
which II Duce borrowed from the
church-that if they can influence
the children of today they will have
with them the youth and adults of
tomorrow, the Nazis have ordered that
one day per week in the schools be
devoted to a study of National So
cialism and Hitler's "mein kampf /"
This political education is to be under
the direction of DR.. Alfred Rosenberg
leader of the anti Christian movement
IN Germany. But while Rosenberg
may have the children one day a week
In school their parents and the priests
nave them seven day. at home and in
the church.
Touched Social Funda mentaIs
The few dissenters that are deveI.
oping, although small minority. are
worth far more than the thousands
OF sheep-like acquiescers who 90 tn
make up the mass of Hitler's and
Mussolini's followers. If the Nazis had
contented themselves with censoring
and suppressing purely political news
1t Is doubtful if they would have
aroused the antagonism that has de-
veloped in university and religious cir
cles. Learning and Lutheranism. to
say nothing of Catholicism in the