Evening star., 1935-11-18

the trade between the neighboring ma
t1ons in a year or two.
On the other hand, Fred Brenck-
man, Washington representative of the
National Grange, said at Sacramento
that the treaty was cold comfort to
the American farmer"
Splits New England.
While Henry F. Merrill, chairman
of the Port of Portland (Maine)
Authority, hailed the pact as the
greatest impetus given shipping on the
Atlantic seaboard in many years"
E. H. Jones, Vermont commissioner
of agriculture, said it would mean
'inestimable loss to Vermont agri-
culture"
James D. Mooney, president of the
American Manufacturers Export As
sociation, said at New York there was
mot the slightest doubt" that trade
would broaden and that even the
people who think they will be hurt
will benefit"
The treaty, signed Friday by Secre-
tary of State Hull and Premier w. l..
Mackenzie King of Canada, is an al
most complete revamping of the tariff
structure between the two nations,
In all, more than 800 commodities are
affected by the concessions.
The United States granted cuts on
79 major articles, including reductions
of tariffs on cattle, calves, dairy cows
and cream, subject to quotas described
as narrow; on four-year-ol aged-in-
the-wood whisky, certain kinds of
lumber some fish, some minerals and
vegetables.
To Reform Valuation System.
Canada granted the United States
duty reductions on 180 articles, made
other concessions and agreed to give
American products the lowest rates
accorded to any non-British nation
The Canadian leader also promised to
move for liberalization of methods of
valuing imports which American off,
cials considered arbitrary and unrea-
sonable.
Under INSTRUMENTATION treaties
which the United States has with
other countries, all concessions granted
Canada will be given to every other
country except Germany, which has
denounced her trade treaty with
Washington.
However, Secretary Hull said coun-
tries other than Canada will obtain
relatively little benefit" because Cam
ada supplies most of the American
imports of the commodities covered
in the new pact
Government officials, forSeeing ad-
verse reaction in some quarters be-
cause of some of the sliced American
duties, sought to show the pact would
lead to greatly increased trade and
employment which would benefit the
country. The State Department also
said:
While our agriculture and our in
dustry will benefit largely from the
expansion of their Canadian sales,
the agreement leaves for both agri-
culture and industry adequate pro-
lection in the domestic market, even
though it opens to Canadian pro-
ducers larger share in that market
ITO consumers, moreover, the re-
ductionS In our duties will be of much
benefit. by checking unreasonable in
creases in prices of the consumers
commodities concerned"
President Roosevelt stressed that
while duties were lowered on Canadian
cattle. cream, seed potatoes and Ger
tain kind of lumber, quotas placed on
these articles would prevent serious
interference with the American
market.
For example, he said the quota of
100000 gallons of cream annually
was less than per cent of the Amer
ican consumption. The State Depart
ment emphasized that duties on po-
tatoes for consumption had not been
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