davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1935-01-26
A Rich State Nearly Broke.

From the Springfield (Mass) Republican.
Gov. Pinchot of Pennsylvania has
left Office with one of the richest
States in the Union as nearly broke
as it could be without actually going
into receivership. He pointed out
that the new State government. which
has Democratic Governor for the
first time in A years and a Demo-
cratic House for the first time in half
a century, must raise new revenues
amounting to $72,000, 900 aside from
relief requirements Of $5,000,000 a
month. For q time Pennsylvania
depended on Washington largely for
its relief funds, but was finally forced
to do its share" as Mr.. Hopkins,
Federal relief commissioner, put it.
Since then the financial problems
of the State have not grown simpler
or easier to solve. The new Governors
own financial experts now advise him
that Gov. Pinchot's estimates were too
low by far. and that unless emer-
gency measures are promptly adopted
the new administration will be unable
to meet current pay rolls and other
obligations"
The States constitution was made
by people who sought to prevent the
accumulation of public debt. Borrow
ing capacity is constitutionally limited
to 100000. The pay-as-you-go
plan of financing, however, is handi-
capped by constitutional prohibition
of certain forms of taxation, including
a graded income tax. The constitu-
ton, consequently, creates difficulties
for Pennsylvania in these times. For
example, real estate Is too heavily
burdened. A revision Of the constitu-
ton by a convention is contemplated
during the present year.
Evening star., 1935-01-26

nominated by the state. In all assem-
blies, federal and provincial, q quota
of seats Is assured to various minor
tiles. No group is to be without its
spokesman.
While 1t is q foregone conclusion
that Parliament will pass the India
bill by overwhelming majorities, Lon
don is anxious over the reluctance OF
the Indian princes to accept the
scheme. The entire project is de.
pendent upon their approval. They
represent half Of the 10000 900 people
of the native states which would hold
SO OF the 125 seats in the federal
upper house. The princes, absolute
monarchs within their own domains
are reluctant to surrender any Of theiI
sovereignty to a parliamentary system
yet Britain Is loath to coerce them
beca,tue they form the principal bull
wark against the Gandhi independ-
ence movement.
The controlling Tory influence in
Great. Britain resolutely opposes the
extension of further-reaChing liberties
to India than the present bill offers
1t is frankly compromise. 1t speaks
of th2 gradual development of self
governing institutions, with view to
the progressive realization Of respon-
sible self-government by India as an
integral part of the empire" That is
a faf cry from what the Mahatma
and mis- fanatical followers demand,
but obviously it is all they can hope for
at this stage. Time and future COM
promises will perhaps bring independ-
ence nearer.
Evening star., 1935-01-26
Art Is Old.

The instinct toward creative ex-
preston In forms of plastic art, 1t
seems, is as old as the human race.
Something innate in mankind is
manifested in the universally Of de-
sign. The humblest savage craftsman
is related to the most highly de-
veloped genius by the bond Of appre-
citation of color and form-the poor
BLACK boy" Of the north coast of
Australia, for example, with Michel
angelo and Raphael. And, strangely
enough, perhaps, the same methods,
materials and symbols are employed
by both extremes of the social scale.
The jungle warrior who decorates his
body with stripes of azure blue or
flaming crimson uses for that purpose
much the same pigments as Correggio
and Botticelli apply to their precious
canvasses. Stars, the sun, crosses,
whorE, double axes" the swastika
are familiar ornamentations in Egypt,
Greece, Mexico and the South Sea
Evening star., 1935-01-26
Miss Perkins Is Commended
For Fighting Townsend Plan

the Birmingham Age-Herald, would
do well to ponder this phenomenon.
They have found Roosevelt remedies
Objectionable, and they do not like
the form of some of his fresh pro-
posals. But they should bear in mind
how the distress of the country must
have affected the thinking of vast
bodies of men and women. who are
letting thei1 miseries and fears give
to futile impossibilities the effect of
mama in the desert There is a
menace in this situation which no
sensible person can fail to realize"
Twenty States have enacted
old-age pensions in some FORM" says
the Portland Oregonian, but in in
stances, as in Oregon, available reve-
nues fall short of providing the op-
ttonal maximum pension, and in other
instances are so surrounded by restric-
tionS as to provide no more than a
bare and humiliating existence. One
suggestion made is that Congress pre-
scribe what is an acceptable State
old-age pension plan and then con-
tribute Federal funds to its support. A
bill on that order passed the Senate in
the last Congress, but was defeated on
reconsideration. Other proposals that
the Federal Government assume the
whole responsibility are made. Solu-
ton of the INDECENT old-age problem
should and no doubt will be attempted
by Congress"
The Scriptures. with their out
worn law that man must obtain his
bread by the sweat of his brow" re-
marks the Topeka Daily Capital, "are
ld-faShioned The ancient writers
never thought how much RESPONSE
bility government can take off the in
dividual. They would be dumfounded
by the credit of Uncle Sam in this
enlightened century, even though they
had a conception of a millennium to
come"
Evening star., 1935-01-26

not met by tourists stopping a few
days at the ports. Most of his expert
ences were medical, while he attempt
ed to bring scientific treatment, often
unwelcome and vigorously opposed,
to the natives of the province for their
ills, but he made acquaintances among
the prosperous classes and through
them learned much about their social
and domestic life and their ideas re-
garding the old traditions and the new
usages in China. Yu-Chin-Pan, silk
merchant Of the Lan-ta-kai, due to his
marked prediction for good food,
rice, wine, rich meats and spiced con-
diments," was obliged to call in the
doctor rather often, and so the doctor,
whether he cured him of his gluttony
or not, received from him many con-
fidences, probably more freely given
because Of the doctors sympathy with
the hedenistic philosophy of Mr.. Yu.
DR. Gervais relates his experiences
with realistic detail and ironical
humog.
Evening star., 1935-01-26

Secretary Of Labor Perkins state
ments branding the Townsend old
age pension plan as unsound find
echo in the press comments on the
plan. It Is believed by many obServ-
ers, however, that some more moderate
pension system, as suggested by the
President, might find approval in the
country.
In the face Of the fact that
Townsend plan clubs are being or
ganized very extensively" says the
Rock Island Argus, Secretary Per-
kins is emphatically as ainst the pay
ment of 5000 a month TO all old peo-
pie. She favors old-age pensions OF
about $45 a month, but insists that
no age limit can be provided, and
that the amount of the pension must
vary according to conditions and geo.
graphical location" The Milwaukee
Sentinel suggests that "it would be
well for the thinking majority, who
can work out a sum in simple null
tiplication, to do some active work to
offset this crusade"
Making allowance for the 10000
900 new unemployed" according to
the Buffalo Evening News, 'and ac-
cepting DR.. Townsends estimate that
the national income has risen to
S48, ,000, 100000, We find that the in
come of the average actual worker
is $1,000. This undoubtedly is a
liberal estimate. These 40,000,000
workers, therefore, would be called
upon to pay out of their $1,000 in
comes $50 month, or $500 a year
for the upkeep Of the pension plan.
This would mean for the average
worker what would amount to cut
in wages of exactly so per cent. For
the millions Of workers who are max
ing less than the average of $1,000 a
year 1t can readily be seen that the
yearly contribution of $500 would
mean a living standard so reduced as
to bring most of them to the level
of actual want"
Miss Perkins is right" thinks the
Troy IN. " Record, when she
maintains the plan is socially un-
sound. 1t would develop a state Of
laissez- -faire on a scale unmatched by
any legislative act and tend to stunt
the years Of achievement which In
some individuals are at their highest
peak between 60 and TO-" Pointing
out that there would be a steady
decrease in the country's wealth"
the Madison (WiS) State Journal
warns that "the plan would wreck
itself before long, even If nobody
wrecked 1t sooner"
Critics of the New Deal" advises
Evening star., 1935-01-26
STARS, MEN AND ATOMS
Notebook of Science Progress in Field,
Laboratory and Study.
BY THOMAS r. HENRY.

above the averages for the country as
a whole.
The divorce rate from those mar
riages has shown about the same pre-
ponderance, according to a study re-
ported to the Journal of Social Psy-
choiogy by Calvin Hall of the Univer-
sity of California. They seem to have
been much less stable than unions
contracted in more normal times.
There may be two predominant rea-
sons, as Mr.. Hall views the situation.
First, the marriages took place hur-
riedly, soon after the men got home.
Second, the soldiers themselves under
went various personality changes
under the stress of war, so that they
came back quite different fellows
from those from whom the girls had
accepted engagement rings.
Evening star., 1935-01-26
Home Rule for India.

Great Britain's unprotected plan
for granting India measure of self
government has just been laid before
Parliament and will be the principal
bone of political contention in London
for the rest of the Winter. While the
bill purports to grant India home
rule" it falls far short Of the inde-
pendence aspirations of Mr.. Gandhi
and his All-India Congress. It even
refrains from mentioning that the
vast realm of the rajahs may one
day hope to attain dominion status
that is, that degree of sovereignty
which Canada, Australia, New zea-
land and South Africa enjoy within
the framework of the British COM
monwealth.
About all that the British now offer
to India is a federal constitution pro-
viding for q series of parliamentS in
the provinces with legislative authority
over local affairs and Federal Upper
House. A federation of the states will
deal with such matters as currency
and tariffs, which concern India as
a whole Defense, foreign relations
and ecclesiastical affairs will remain
the direct responsibility of the Viceroy
Each of the provinces will have g
directly elected legislative assembly,
and in five provinces there will be ar
upper as well as a lower house. The
federation's parliament will also con-
sist of two chambers, in part indi-
rectly elected by the provinces and In
part consisting of representatives
Evening star., 1935-01-26

would not not riding in a sleigh
be being true to HIMSELF"
Templeton jones grinned as he
evolved the above question.
1t sounded Gertrude Steinish, but
it expressed precisely what he WA
thinking, and that, after all, is what
language Is for.
Jones was watching a sleigh slide
down the road through the glistenine
landscape.
Although he had been born ant
brought up in small country town
he had never ridden in a sleigh.
Might it not be a good thing, hi
thought to himself, to hire one anc
take q ride, just for fun2
It was then he put his queer ques'
ton to himself:
Would not not riding In sleigh bt
being true to himself?
Wouldn't not riding in sleigh, lie.
not doing something he had never
done, be being true to his not doingF
Well, he rather thought 1t would!
You can easily see how Miss Stein
gets all involved with words.
1t all depends on how you beginl
y II r n
Templeton Jones wondered how II
ever came about he never once root
in sleigh.
Such a typically small town and
country sport, and he small-townel
of small towns, but never in sleigh
Somehow 1t did not seem right
at all.
He should have been besieged with
memories at the sight Of the one-horse
sleigh going down the road, the bell:
tinkling merrily.
Folks who had never even seen one
before turned their heads to look.
Jones looked at it. too, but with the
light Of memory in his eyes.
%**
He had seen grand affairs, even tc
the extent Of the famous Russian
troica, or three-horse sleigh.
How well he remembered Rachmani-
noff's playing of "Troika en- traineau,
famous number by Tschaikowsky.
He had the record in the garage
now.
Somehow music and snow and
sleighs seemed all mixed up today.
What had a sleigh to do with 9
record in a garage? How did the
transcription get into garage?
Jones again grinned to himself. Qt
was bright, happy morning, although
very cold, just made for grinning, II
one were reasonably warm)
1t was this way. a way many a
family could duplicate, no doubt:
When the radio came along. the old
family phonograph had first been as
signed a quiet corner in the living
room, then a dark corner in the hall
and finally an honored place in the
garage.
Carefully it had been covered, and
its records, several hundred in num-
Der, stored away against that distant
moment when one would want to &c
back to them all, as one promised
them.
Jones thought rather regretfully o.
his many fine records. No doubt they
failed Of perfection, especially as COM
Evening star., 1935-01-26

Islands-they may be found on pagan
temples and on Christian cathedrals,
in the battered remnants Of Knossos
and on the walls of the new Supreme
Court Building.
A series of illustrations recently
published by the University Prints
organization, Boston, makes available
in inexpensive practical fashion some
Of the most interesting specimens Of
the so-called Aurignacian and Mag
dalenian periods of primitive painting
and sculpture. No one knows who the
sponsors were; no one can say ex-
actly when they lived. But their
work, as preserved in the Font de
Gaume and other caves In France, and
particularly in the Altamira Caves in
Spain. demonstrates their right to be
considered individuals of surprising
esthetic skill. The woolly rhinoceros
the cave bear. the Lion, t.le wild boar,
the bison, the reindeer and the horse
were their themes-contempor in
habitants of Southern Europe. Thou
sands Of years have passed since the
artists departed, but their monuments
remain and their spiritual heirs cur
rently are studying in the ateliers of
Paris, London, New York and Wash
ington.
Natural, then, as well as exceedingly
ancient, is the inner compulsion which
differentiates humanity from dumb
brutes. 1t, therefore, follows without
argument that art should be protected
and artists given opportunity to serve
the ideal ends to which they are
dedicated. Especially in an era Of
economic stress, a public conscience
in such matters is needed. What
may appear at casual glance to be
indefensible luxury really may be
fundamentally imperative. A nation
unmindful Of art would be a nation
doomed to death.
Evening star., 1935-01-26
SHOOTING STARS.
BY PHILANDER JOHNSON.

Not So Remarkable.
When weather men tell
What is cruelty true
We VOW that we dwell
In a chill that is new.
Of a blizzard despised
Harsh things we will say;
Yet why are we surprised?
They are always that way.
We help the wind howl
In a desolate tone.
These billiards that prowl
Ought to let us alone.
But wherefore make free
With such frivolous chat,
Since we have to agree
They are always like that.
Evening star., 1935-01-26

A reader con get the GnsUer to
any question OF fact by irritino The
Warrington Euentr0 Star Information
Bureau, Frederic J. HasIctn, Director,
Washington, d. C. Please inclose
stamp TOR reply.
@. What Is the center Of population
Of Chicago?-A. r.
A. According to computations based
on the 1880 census returns, Hull
Gated on the southwest corner Of Polk
and Halsted streets, Is the center Of
population Of Chicago.
@. How many kinds Of canned food
are available?-H. M.
A. A survey made In 1888 showed
that there were 244 kinds available to
consumers.
@. What do the initials, A. 8. c.
after a photographers name mean?-
r. r. 3.
A. They mean that he belongs to
the American Society Of Cinematog-
raphers.
@. What was the last year in which
the United States budget was bal
anced?-W. j. C.
A. The last year was 1890 Receipts
were $4,177,941, ,702 and expenditures
amounted to $3,994,152, ,487.
@. What is the Almanac de Gotha?
r. r. F.
A. 1t is primarily a genealogy of the
royal and princely families. The Al
manac de Gotha was first published
in 1853 1t gives a particular account
of all the royal and princely families
of Europe and ample details concern
ing the administration and statistics
Of the different states of the world.
@. Who was DR.. Greenwood who
lived in Colonial days?-R. S.
A. DR.. John Greenwood was we'll
known dentist whose most distin-
guished patient was George Washing
ton. The latter relied upon DR..
Greenwood's ability up to the day Of
his death. Two sets of artificial teeth
which DR.. Greenwood made for Wash
ington are still in existence and are
remarkable examples of dental skill.
Porcelain teeth were introduced about
1785. This was largely through the
efforts of DR.. Greenwood.
@. What is the origin of the name,
Ozark?-S. B.
A. Ozark seems to have been a form
Of aux aves, said to refer to the bends
in the White River, and to have been
applied to the Ozark Mountains,
through which the river pursues a
wandering course.
@. What is loftsman in the ship
business?-T. M. L.
A. He is a man who lays down the
lines of ship in a shipbuilding loft.
@. When was the Invalides estab-
lished?-M S. M.
A. The Hotel des Invalides was
founded by Louis XIV in 1671-74 as
home for disabled soldiers, the first
Of its kind, and at one time housed
as many as 5000 and even 1000 pen
sioners. At the outbreak of the Great
War there were only about 20 inmates,
but since then their number has in
creased enormously. Built from the
designs of Liberal Bruant, whose work
was continued by Mansart, the In
valides was restored under Napoleon I
and Napoleon III and now covers an
area of about 81 acres.
@. What is the origin of the Scotch
terrier breed?-V. H. B.
A. Few, If any, authentic data are
available. 1t has been assumed by
some that the Scottie is one of several
native breeds of terriers which have
sprung from q common foundation
stock, the Highland terrier; but
whether this is correct is a matter of
Evening star., 1935-01-26
Municipal Center Plans.

At a public hearing some time ago
the Commissioners received general
Endorsement from the representatives
of citizens organizations of Commits
sioner Hazen's plan to reduce the size
Of the Municipal Center project. Mr..
Hazen suggested the possibility Of dis
posing, by sale to the National Gov
ernment, Of two of the four squares
of land which have been bought for
the proposed group Of buildings and Of
using the proceeds to cover partial
cost at least of one new building. The
Commissioners have decided to press
for congressional approval Of this
plan.
The plan now favored is practically
the same as that which was originally
advanced by the Commissioners In
1929, when they were notified to look
around for new quarters to house mu-
nicipal activities in preparation for the
National Governments taking over of
the present Municipal Building. The
Commissioners decided then that two
squares-those which face the court
house-would be sufficient for their
needs, and with the surplus revenues
then in hand, and an allowance, es-
timated at $5,O0o,oo0, for the present
Municipal Building, to be taken over
by the National Government, could
have bought the land and erected
the buildings with little if any ex-
penditure from current revenues. But
Congress increased the scope of the
plan and with the additional land
bought the project represents an in
vestment of about $6,OO0,0O0 of munic-
ipal funds, which is yielding prac-
tically no return.
There have been several other pro-
ponents, in addition to the present
Board of Commissioners, of the plan
to scale down the size of the munich
pal center to fit the local pocketbook.
The Park and Planning Commission
proposed such a plan more than a
year ago and some work was done
with preliminary designs for a new
arrangement. Certainly the continued
absence of any guarantee from Con-
gress that the National Government
plans to carry out its implied agree
ment to share generously in the
financing of the expensive municipal
center group as planned justifies the
Commissioners in making this new
proposal.
If the National Government does
not now need the land which the
Commissioners propose to transfer,
the need will make itself felt later on.
The District, on the other hand, is
faced with a long-standing demand
for proper housing of its lower court
activities. The Commissioners are
now discussing the possibility of
placing one or more of the minor
courts in Judiciary Square and util-
izing the Municipal Center land for
an administration and other build
ings. This would change the original
scheme somewhat by making further
use of Judiciary Square as building
site for the accommodation of certain
courts. Perhaps the first consideration
should be the willingness of the Ma
tional Government either to purchase
the two lower squares or else to suggest
some other financing arrangement
that will enable the District to begin
its long-delayed building develop
ment.
Evening star., 1935-01-26
Flowers or Trade?

From the st. Louis Globe Democrat.
Some men might find it rather diff
cult to understand just how they
should participate in celebration Of
business women's week, which has
been set for March 1923 by Gov.
Park. Should they say it with flowers
or with more business2