davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1935-02-24

his Interpretation Of the fourteenth
amendment, clearly defined in the
widely discussed grange cases. These
cases were directed against the high
rates charged by the railroads and
corporations such as the grain eleva-
tor. The Supreme Court decided that
when property was used in such
manner that it affected the commu-
nifty of people at large the owner Of
such property must submit to be con-
trolled by the public for the public
good. Thus, Chief Justice Waithe
dealt with the corporation problem in
1877.
During the following SUGGESTIONS of
Weston Fuller and Edward White to
the justiceship, from 1888 to 1921,
legal questions arose from the new
status of the United States as world
power in control Of territorial posses
sions, and the ever-continuous consti-
tutional question of State or national
supremacy of legislation.
And so down the line of great
statesmen in the Supreme Court to
William Howard Taft, who spent the
last years of his active life planning
q Supreme Court Building to be un-
rivaled in beauty and dignity by any
Government building in the world.
Some of the associate justices wished
to remain in the historic room in the
Capitol Building, for the eloquence of
Americas forefathers had echoed
against its walls. This was the scene
of Webster'S debates. There Calhoun
debated with Clay, and there sat the
Electoral Commission which decided
the presidential campaign between
Hayes and Tilden in 1877. Nonethe-
less, Mr.. Taft oyercame all opposition,
and the new building stands today, a
lasting monument of his life's greatest
work.
The original appropriation by Con-
gress for the edif1ce was s9,74O,0 900,
including the cost of foundation work.
However, the lowest bid for the super
structure was $8,3s3 900, so the appro-
priation was increased to $4,000, 600.
This edifice cost more per cubic square
foot than any other in the new build
ing program of Washington.
No building of other design could
portray to such an advantage the
lofty majesty of the highest court in
the land. 1t Is in harmony with the
Capitol and adjacent buildings occu-
pied by the legislative body, yet it
stands alone as afterglow of the
highest Ideals in ancient civilization,
and a white marble vision Of un-
faltering faith in the future.
It Is approached from the sidewalk
by inclining steps leading up to an
impressive portico. The entablature.
or roof Of the portico, is supported by
o double row of Greek columns, con-
sidered by authorities to be the most
elaborate type perfected 1000 years
Evening star., 1935-02-24
bench was simply being made an an
mex to the Federalist party.

bench was simply being made an an
mex to the Federalist party.
John Marshall was appointed Chief
Justice in 1901, and the Supreme
Court moved from Philadelphia to the
new City Of Washington. For the fol-
lowing eight years it met on the first
floor of the Capitol Building in the
Senate clerks Office. Thomas Jeffer-
son was then President, and during
JefferSon's administration the eXecu-
tive and judicial branches of the Gov
ernment were continually at extremes,
SO, between the two illustrious figures,
the Supreme Court was drawn into
the boiling caldron Of politics. Presi-
dent Jefferson eSpoused the cause of
Federal Government for protection,
In individual States rights. while Chief
Justice Marshall laid the deep founda-
tionS of centralized government, with
the letter of the Constitution superior
to State legislation.
John Marshall was Chief Justice
during the time that Americas at
tention turned from agriculture and
shipping to manufacturing, which be-
gan about the close Of the War of 1872
The questions which came before the
court involved cases on notes, bills of
exchange and insurance, and banking
questions. The second change in eco
nomic condition concerned the rise of
the corporation.
Chief Justice Marshall presided at
the term of 1880, known as Daniel
Akef4 -tr ko, yT1lz
gued on one side or the other in prac-
tically every case that was presented
to the court. WebSter's famous reply
to Hayne on the Foote resolution in
volving the right Of notification en-
bedded the dignity of the court into
the consciousness of the people and
helped to shake off the preceding JET
fersonian era Of public opposition.
In 1883 three Of the greatest states
men of the time-AndreW jackson,
Daniel Webster and John Marshall
stood in welded support of the national
Interpretation of the Constitution.
During 81 years out Of the 81 that
John Marshall sat on the bench he
had been out Of sympathy with the
political views then predominant
among the people, and yet he had from
the beginning been considered q great
jurist.
One Of Chief Justice Marshall's
greatest decisions involved the then
new problem of the corporation. The
case of Gibbons VS.. Ogden concerned
the legislative acts Of New York CIV
ing to Robert r. Livingston and Robert
Fulton exclusive rights Of navigation
upon all waters within the jurisdiction
Of that State with boats moved by
fire or steam. The Supreme Courts
decree held that this monopoly was In
collision with the acts At Congress
Evening star., 1935-02-24

Amelia, the ninth and last child, died
at the age Of 8.
NO DOUBT Henry Joseph Stier was
a man of Importance in his ma
tive city of Antwerp, but, seemingly,
little is recorded Of his activities in
America, where he probably did not
remain very long after the final over
throw Of Napoleon at the Battle of
Waterloo, June 10. 1915. Indeed. 1t
is said he was absent from the United
States when his daughter Rosalie mar
Evening star., 1935-02-24
By NJ. r. deGrafenried.

J
~ EGINNING the continuous
l. drama Of historical crises
which has marked its path,
IL the United States Supreme
Court held its first session in
the Royal Exchange Building, in 1870,
at the foot of Broad street in New
York. President Washington ap-
pointed John Jay as the first Chief
Justice to preside over the original
court of six associate justices, who were
John Blair. William Gushing, James
Wilson, Robert Hanson Harrison
James Iredell and John Rutledge. OF
this number, the youngest was 38
years Of age and the oldest ST.
A newspaper of the day wrote of
the first session, THE court room
was uncommonly crowded" though
only three of the justices were pres
ent-Jay, Wilson and Cushing They
were attired in robes of red and black.
There had been quite bit of clever
correspondence between the justices
whether they should wear the judicial
English wig along with the English
gown, but they rebelled at this idea,
uAiu ddORtCd IlIC Hldll bldIh
gown which the court wears today.
The Supreme Court held its third
session in 1871 in Philadelphia at
the City Hail. beginning long series
OF moves which VIII be climaxed by
its final move into the new Supreme
Court Building in June.
After serving four years as Chief
Justice, John Jay was appointed Am
bassador to England to negotiate the
famous Jay treaty John Rutledge
succeeded him and took the oath of
ONCE for the term just beginning
then in August, 1895 While Rutledge's S
appointment was still in the mail, he
gave q fiery speech at q town hall
meeting in Charleston, denouncing the
Jay treaty, that loved brain child of
the Federalist party. When Congress
met later in the year, the Federalists,
majority party in the Senate, refused
to ratify his appointment on the
grounds Of a rumor of intermittent at
tacks Of mental arrangement.
OLIVER ELLSWORTH was appoint
" ed in his stead to the Chief JUS
ticeship in 1895. The Federalists and
i-Federelists were at the height of
their heated diSsention. Questions OF
neutrality, Federal common law. GRIM
inal jurisdiction, the right OF expa-
triation, the constitutionality of the
alien and sedition laws, were repre-
sented in cases arising before the
courts in which the justices sat In
circuit duty, and each Of these deci-
sions was rendered in favor Of the
doctrines Of the Federalists. Later,
when President Adams appointed Mr..
Ellsworth to France. the anti-Federal-
sts became convinced that the judicial
Evening star., 1935-02-24

OcdtH eHQS our woe
And puts period to the ills OF life"
The death in 1876 Of Mrs. Charlotte
A. Calvert, relict Of Charles B. CAL
vert, the last proprietor OF the prop
erty intact and the great friend Of
Clay, neceSsitated the breaking up and
selling on Of the old homestead and
everything therein.
An account of the gathering upon
this occasion states that Washington
was represented by Gen. w. T. Sher-
man, Mrs. r. B. Hayes, wife Of the
President; Hon. Bancroft Davis, Gen.
Beale, Mrs. Waite, wife of the late
Chief Justice; Gen. H. N. Barlow,
Col. Audenreid and others. The chair
and desk Mr.. Clay used brought SIG
from Gen. Barlow, who also got for
$40 a fine old English clock, which
dated back to the sixteenth century.
A painting, "Romulus and Remus,"
by pupil of Rubens, which cost
1000, went for Sl.10 to Charles 3.
Calvert, jr. A magnificent French
dinner and tea set, in salmon and
gold, comprising 236 pieces, sold for
$3.50, and so on.
The Prodigal Son" and a garden
scene were later purchased from Gen.
Barlow by Mrs. Blaine.
A T THAT time it was stated there
was in the possession Of Mr..
Charles H. Calvert OF 1850 Corcoran
street, this city, a surviving member
Of the family and one who spent the
greater portion of his life at the old
homestead, bronze medal, dupli-
cate Of the gold one presented by
citizens of New York to Mr.. Clay in
recognition of his services to his coun-
try. The original gold medal cost
$4,000, but there being defect in the
bust, it was returned to New York TO
be recast, but in some mysterious way
was lost en- route and never recovered.
Fortunately, however, at the same
time the original was cast a few were
struck of in bronze, one of which
was given by Mr. Clay to his warm
friend and host, Mr.. Charles 3. CAL
vert of Riversdale. On one side Of the
medal was the bust of Mr.. Clay in
profile; on the other, surmounted by
wreath, vas the following inscrip-
tion:
Senate
1906.
Speaker 1911.
Client 1914
Spanish-Americ 16I6-io22.
Missouri Compromise 1921.
Greece 1924.
Secretary Of State 1925.
Panama Instructions 1928.
Tariff Compromise 1898.
Public Domain l833-ls4l.
Peace with France Preserved 1888.
Compromise 1880"
The old Calvert mansion has been
| in few hands since it left the Calvert
( family, when it was purchased by a
syndicate as before stated, one of the
principal members Of which was a
Mr.. Pickford. For a while Senator
Hiram w. johnson made the mansion
his home, and it was later purchased
by Senator Caraway, Mrs. Caraway
giving up the place after her hus-
! bands death and when she succeeded
him in the Senate.
Evening star., 1935-02-24
Death ends our woe

Let me die the death Of the righteous
And my latter end be like His.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1935-06-06

Blair, Mrs. Richardson, Silver
Spring Avenue, Mrs. Frank Smith,
Thayer Avenue, Mrs. Guy Jones, Mrs.
Kelley Mages, Easily Street; Mrs.
Kate Clark, Bonifant St.; Mrs. C. W.
Mitchell, Montgomery Avenue; Mrs.
Mehring, Oak Drive; Mrs. Hubbard,
Maple Lane; Mrs. Robert Black, Will
low Lane; Mrs. Howard Cutler, Mrs.
Mariona Clark, Maple Avenue, Mrs.
Smith.
Somerset Drummond Friendship
Heights District, Mrs. ]. E. Shillinger,
Chairman, Mrs. James C. Dulin, Mrs.
Paul Dunbar, Mrs. George w. Bryan,
Mrs. Jesse Swigart, Mrs. Wilmer
Powick.
| Takoma Park District, j. Byrne
Austin, Chairman, Mrs. Arthur L.
Reynolds, Miss Jane Austin, Frank
Troll, Mrs. Marjorie Vogel, L. v
Lampson, Mrs. W. S. Laswell, Mrs
George Titrington, Mrs. Russell B
Cole, Mrs. Mildred T. Burr, Herman
c. Heffner, Mrs. Marjorie S. Waters
Mrs. o. R. Hatch, Ralph Harries, Mrs.
%. M. Johnson, Mrs. Mary E. Gardner
Mrs. Alexander S. Fenwick, Mrs
Helen G. Cook, Mrs. Robert C. Lyd-
dane, Mrs. Grace F. Lawrence, S. E.
Bassingham, Mrs. Frederick l., Pratt
Mr.. and Mrs. Walter Pritchard, DR.
Llewellyn Jordan, Walter Griffin, Mrs
Harry Loveday, Mrs. Adeline S. Ford
Mrs. H. P. Ware, Mitchell Ware, Mrs
C. B. Osborne.
Washington Grove District, Mrs
Geo. A. Chadwick, Chairman. Mrs
William K. Pace, Mrs. Edna Reber
Mrs. Evelyn Jones.
Special Committee: Mrs. Gilbert
Grosvenor, DR.. J. w. Bird, Frederic
P. Lee, Mrs. Henry J. Finley, and, T
M. Anderson.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1935-06-06
4OOth Anniversary Of
First English Bible
Will Be Celebrated

A national committee for sponsor
ing nationwide commemoration of
the four hundredth anniversary of
the first printed English Bible has
been recently named, with DR.. John
II. Finely, Miss Martha Berry, Will
liam Allen White and Robert E.
Speer directing the plans.
DR.. Finley, speaking for the Com
mittee stated, "On October a. 1885
the first printed English Bible,
translation by Myles Coverdale. was
issued from the press. During the
four centuries since that date, it has
not only surpassed in circulation anv
other book in the world, but has pro-
toundly influenced the lives of peoples
and the ideals of governments"
Regional, state, city, and church
committees throughout the country
Will be selected at once under the
direction of the National COMMITTEES
to carry out the commemoration pro-
gram. Additional information and
material will be released by the Com
mittee as plans are developed and as
the subcommittee are organized"
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1935-06-06
Better Housing Day,
June Is Celebrated
Throughout Country

Farm representatives of the Fed
eral Housing Administration are at
tempting to make Better Housing
Day, June Is, one of Importance in
Rural communities. Although the
farmers are busy in the fields at this
season of the year, the women's div
visions of many localities are spon-
soring programs for this occasion.
National Better Housing Day is be-
ing recognized throughout the coun-
try. Well over 1000 model homes will
be constructed following ground.
breaking exercises to be held on that
day. These model homes, in most
cases, will be sold and financed
through the Mutual Mortgage In.
surance Plan of the Federal Housing
Administration.
In rural communities where model
houses are not to be erected other
celebrations will be held in recogni.
ton of the Better Housing program
Some towns will be visited by demon
stration trucks and exhibits held.
The trucks are sponsored by power
companies and building and plumbing
supply concerns, and the equipment
carried in the cars is demonstrated al
each place. One or more types Of
water sytems are exhibited. Home
lighting plants, plumbing fixtures and
a model Of septic tank are generally
carried.
Similar tours are being organized
in other sections of the country to
enable the residents of rural districts
to see the sort of improvements
which may be made to their property
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1935-06-06
THE ROAD-HOG MENACE

There may be wide difference of opinion around as
to the wisdom of slaughterng thousands of pigs year
so ago, but everybody is unit in declaring that a
paign to kill off all the road-hogs in the country would
be justified.
There has been reduction in the crop of road-hogs
in fact they seem to be increasing There will always be
those who insist both halves of the
indifferent to the rights of Others They possess belief
that the roads built for them alone they drive
sereney along in the middle of the highway, making it
dangerous for every driver approaching and hazardous for
anyone to attempt to drive around them In states
they ignored the meaning of horn until were
passed fixing penalty in where driver refuses TO
give passage when properly signaed by in the
The motoring season has brought out suf-
cent number of roadhogs decent sensible dv
ers that the is heavy ever and to them
to be their guard There is nothing do with them
unless you want TO make it personal affair and give
or two of them good licking 1t that you would be jus
fed In fact it that the only way ever rid
the road of roadhogs to offer cash prize for the fellow
who crpples the greatest number of them that they
won't be caught hOgging the highways
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1935-06-06
Swimming Pools
In State Inspected
By Health Dept
Regulations Require Permits
Be Obtained Annually

The attention of persons who make
use of public swimming pools, is
called to the sanitary regulations I'm.
der which such pools may be operated
by DR.. R. H. Riley, Director of the
State Department of Health:
With good roads all the way. and
the prospect of refreshing swim
within easy reach, the popularity of
the well-kept swimming pool is mere.
ly matter of supply and demand
and good weather. It is no longer
necessary for the devotees of the
sport to go long distances to eniov
their favorite recreation. In everv
section of the State public pools are
taking the place of the old swimming
hole.
Because the water in such places
can be easily contaminated and there
by become Carrier" of disease
germs, regulations designed to pro.
tect those who use the pools, from
avoidable hazards, have been issued
by the State Board of Health.
These regulations require that an
operating permit shall be obtained
from the State Department of Health
before the pools may be opened to the
public. Such permit is issued only
after an inspection has been made by
the Bureau of Sanitary Engineering
'of the State Department of Health,
and when the sanitary conditions of
the pool are found to be satisfactory
The construction, equipment and op-
Grafton of the pool, the source of the
water supply, methods of purifica-
ton and sanitary conveniences pro-
vlded must comply with the require
ments before the permit is granted.
Follow-up inspections are made dur
ing the operating season and if con-
ditions are found to be insanitary or
unsatisfactory, the permit is revoked
until they are corrected.
The regulations of the State Board
OF Health apply to any swimming
pool, operated in any part of Mary
land outside of Baltimore City. Pools
within the city limits are under the
sanitary supervision of the Baltimore
City Department of Health. The State
regulations apply to any swimming
pool that is used for a period of six
days or longer and that accommo-
dates ten or more persons at any one
time. A permit holds good for one
season only. 1t must be renewed an
nually. 1t is not transferable and the
operator is required to have it franz
ed and conspicuously displayed.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1935-06-06
Rebuilding Of Route 40
Is Planned For This Fall

Word was recently given out BY
DIR. Homer E. Tabler, new chairman
OF the State Roads Commission. in
hagerstown last Friday night that
the old National Highway, known as
Route 40, which passes through Eli
colt City will be rebuilt in manv
sections.
DIR. Tabler made the statement at
a meeting of the Washington County
Welfare Federation, which he attend
ed He said the work on the highway
would probably begin by September
J. and that plans call for the rebuild
ing OF the road east from the ALLIE
gany county line.
AT meeting held Tuesday with
the Mayor and Council of Harers-
town, Dr. Tabler conferred in re-
CARDS to the most feasible route for
the new highway through that city.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1935-06-06

(From the Maryland Conservationist)
We take this opportunity to APP
peal to the farmers of our State
to help conserve wildlife, especially
ground-nesting birds, by using the
flushing bar illustrated herein.
ALI that it is necessary to do is to
take a long pole and fasten across
the yoke, carrying it out opposite
the end of the mower blade, to which
pole long ropes with weights may
be attached or burlap bags in which
there are weights to bring the bot
tom of the bag down to a point
which will bend over the grain be.
fore the mower reaches it.
In this manner, ground-nestine
birds will be flushed before the
mower blade arrives at the point
where the nest is located and thou
sands of birds can be saved in thi:
manner.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1935-06-06

If the operator of mower in
flushing birds from the nest, will
stop just a minute, locate the nest,
raise the mower blade and leave a
small piece of uncut grass around
the nest, great benefit will be de-
rived.
AS hay and grain fields are ia
vorite nesting places for ground
nesting birds, especially the bob
white, the farmers can render very
valuable service in the protection
of this species Of very beneficial bird
by conforming without request.
Mr.. John P. Cormoran, manager
of the Pioneer Point Farm, Queer
Anne's County, better known as the
''Raskob Estate" has used the flush.
ing bar very successfully annually
and informed us that he saved 9
large number of bob-white nests
through this method.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1935-06-06
SCHOOLS CLOSE

The ancient Latin bard who wrote "Tempus fugit,"
time flies, spoke truly Almost before of it
a season creeps upon and is gone to give place to
another.
Spring. cold and it has been much of the time,
has slipped past rapidly approaches and two weeks
away looms the close of schools and the graduation of
seniors who take their places in the world of affairs
or to go to further education.
Hundreds of youngsters and youths will be turned
loose for the vacation and other will be graduated
and be under the necessity of seeking and finding jobs
world already several years in a struggle against
employment.
The problem of how these graduates will be absorbed
each is serious one, but gradually they find them
selves, secure work and settle themselves into the scheme
of things and lend their aid to making the wheels of the
world go round.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1935-06-06
"HIGHBROW" DISEASES

If you of those nervous folks who get upset
and frightened when the family jaw-breakng
names, just make yourself familiar with few of them
and you'll get good laugh For instance if the doctor
says the baby affected by advanced oas resulting in
lachrimaon it only that earache is MAX
ing the kid cry And here few others used by the
doctor IN hghbrow language with their meaning your
own words Cephaga that's headache odontaga is tooth
ache cosalga rib palms. meralga is pains in the thighs
Any painkier is analgesic Smallpox varioa chick
en-pox is varicela; whoopng cough is pertusss and
measles is morbi Nearsightedness is called myopia
sghtedness, presbyopia crossed eyes strabsmus and
total blindness is amaurosis So you that are
like the breed of dogs their bark than
their bite.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1935-06-06
FOLKS OR UNITS?

man living in large city was visiting in his old
home town, village of few hundred people, To little
gathering of friends he sad Gas leaving my apart
ment to come here coffin being carried out Of the
door of the apartment next to mine. I did not know
whether 1T was had no more acquaint-
ance with those nearest neghbos of mine than if they
lived in Alaska Yesterday funeral in this town,
the funeral OF ordinary neghbor And the procession
was long Here in the country you have time and
feeling for neghborness which far greater boon than
any socaed city advantage The lonelies place in the
world is in the heart of great city, particularly if you
have no money. you have money and pay your bills
promptly they let you alone If you DON'T then out you
CO. In the city you unit Out in the country,
IN town you are far than that-you are folks!