Evening star., 1935-11-24

| pdoSl1lB Ol DOIIl IuS ulOLIleT anu IFS
brother Tom. Andrew himself was
stricken with typhoid fever and almost
died. He regained his health at last
and, released from his pledge to his
mother that he would not marry While
she lived, looked about him for bride.
He was So when he married Louise
Whitfield, %, of an old Connecticut
family. They had one child, Margaret,
now Mrs. Roswell Miller.
With the death of Tom, Carnegie
was bound more closely to Frick, al
though dispute over labor policies
almost parted them in 1887. Frick
added the great, modern Duquesre
steel plant to the Carnegie holdings
and a new and better steel-making
process, the open hearth. The Car-
negie Steel Co., Ltd, was formed in
1892 with a capitalization of S25,000.-
900 after Frick had run annual profivS
beyond the S5,00O,OOO mark.
Then came the bloody Homestead
industrial war. Demands Of the Anal
gamated Association of Steel and Iron
Workers having been rejected, several
hundred Finkerton guards were i'm
ported in an effort to dislodge the
strikers, who were in possession of the
mills. When the 'Pinks" arrived by
boat from Ohio they were met by al
infuriated mob and before sunset thai
night, July 6, 1892, several had been
killed on both sides and scores wound
ed. Troops finally brought some SEM
blance of order, but not before world
attention was focused on the Strugg e..
While this was going on Carnegie
was far from the battle front, in Scot
land, and bitter criticism of his re-.
tusal to interfere in the strike broke
out all over the United States. The
labor war ended in November, but not
before it had played part in the elec-
ton OF Grover Cleveland to the presi-
dency.
In the meantime, rescued from be-
hind the counter in a grocery stol e,
Charles NJ. Schwab had entered the
Carnegie ranks to become one of the
inronmaster'S most important lieu
tenants. He survived in favor, even
! exposure of the naval armor plate
scaldal Of 1894, in which Cleveland
decided the Government had been oe-
frauded by the Carnegie company.
Before the turn Of the century the
J annual profits of the Carnegie COM
! pany exceeded s20,000,000, but bad
feeling was growing between Frick,
now chairman of the board. and the
Laird of Skibo, the designation Car
negie had won through acquisition Of
the Scottish castle of that name The
row had its genesis in Carnegie's de-
mand that the Frick company sell the
Carnegie company coke at a lower
price.
Despite the efforts Of Schwab and
Henry PhippS to heal the breach it
broke into the open and Carnegie,
holding the whiphand, forced Frick
out of his Craftsmanship.
A titanic and malodorous legal
battle menaced Carnegie when he
moved to obtain Frick's stock holdings
at his own figure and was averted
only when an agreement was reached
merging the steel and coke COM
panies with a capitalization of $780,
100000.
At the time this was accomplished
the iron and steel industry was in
the midst of great upheavals. Large
combinations of companies were being
effected, which, with new processes,
were threatening Carnegie's pre-
eminence, already shaken by loss Of
Frick's business genius. and he cast
about for way in which to liqui-
date with the utmost advantage to
himself. Carnegie set the sage care
fully, filling the public ear with tales
OF vast expansions he planned. The
game worked and eventually j. P.
Morgan, sr, who had already become
a rival power in the world of steel,
and his associates became the pro-
spective customer. At length a period
of adroit maneuvering was climaxed
by the world record purchase of all
time, acquisition by the Morgan
group of the Carnegie company to
form the United States Steel Corp at
the equivalent of half a billion dol
lars,
This stupendous transaction left
estimated as high at s4O0,000,00O
Before the eyes of an aStounded
world he began a systematic distribu-
ton of almost all the enormous riches
he had piled up Before he was
through his benefactions totaled more
than s350.OOO0OO.
His first large philanthropy was
! crea tion of q Cd mn nm mansion, f,,,,d
for his workmen. Soon he became en-
crossed in the possibilities of helping
great masses Of men, women and chill
dren by building libraries, by which
he is most universally remembered. He
began by giving New York City more
than S5,000,000 for this purpose and
before he finished the name Carnegie
was carved on the facades of nearly
5000 libraries that dot this and other
lands.
In quick succession Carnegie spent
S22 100000 founding the Carnegie In
stltution of Washington, which ex-
ploreS many important fields Of SCI
ence; nearly S27,OOO,0O0 on the Car
negie Institute of Technology in
Pittsburgh; slO,OOO,OOO to endow the
Carnegie Hero Fund: s30OOO,O0O on
the Carnegie Foundation for the Ad-
vancement of Teaching to ameliorate
the condition of low-salaried profess
sors; $1,500,000 to build the Palace Of
Peace at The Hague, and $10,O00,O00
70 found the Carnegie Endowment for
International Peace.
Toward the end of 1915 as he turned
MS goth year. Carnegie's health began
10 fa1l, nut he so carefully husbanded
ms strength he lived until August
II. 1919. The end came at his
estate in the Berkshire Hills of Massa-
chuSetts and he was buried in Sleepy
Hollow Cemetery, Tarrytown, N. Y.
/ n,