davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1935-01-03
New Angles IN Elk
Rift Aired On Visit
or Chiefs To N. ].

NEWARK (UNP) On the eve
of the Elk court battle in Wash
ington, IN which Grand Exalted
Ruler J. Finley Wilson and the DC
lodges are arrayed against each
other, It was learned here Sunday
that internal feuds ia the grand ex-
allied rulers cabinet are at fever
heat.
An "insider," interviewed q Few
days after Mr.. Wilson and Judge
william C. Hueston left Newark
following a series Of conferences
to adjust affairs in the Pride ii
Newark Lodge suspension. declay.
ed that the two. who are said 70
be blood cousins, are affable en-.
Iough In public, but in private they
are at swords points, mainly be-
cause Mr.. Wilson favors Perry w.
Howard rather than Mr.. Hueston.
Can't Agree on Fund
A $4,000 Republican fund FOR
ff4-.-afas...s.1 ~ frrI..-
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1935-01-03
Honor African Member
OF French Legislature

PARIS Calandou Diuaf, full
bio6ded Africah ehief. vas honor
ed on his election 70 the Chamber
Of Deputies, by banquet recently.
His election made him the fifth
Negro who is a member Of the
Chamber.
Diuof succeeds Blaise Diange,
who for several years represented
Senegal Diange died recently.
| Speeches at the banquet were
made BY several prominent citizens
of the country. among them Miss
Paulette Nardal. the most out
standing Negro writer in French
today.
The keynote of the banquet was
closer harmony between the color
ed population Of the West Indies,
the United States and other coun-
tries.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1935-01-03
FOUR THOUSAND
TEXAS WOMEN
FIGHTING MODS

FORT WORTH, Tex. That a..
600 Southern white women have
joined the Association Of Southern
Women for the Prevention OF
Lynching, and that more than 2O0
sheriffs in Southern states have
pledged their efforts to the same
end, were stated at the meeting
here Of the state Interracial Com
mission and the Texas branch Of
the women's anti-lynching associa-
ton. It was reported that the As
ISOLATION has more than 1900 sign
ed members in the state and that
Ss Texas sheriffs and other officers
have personally signed the Associ-
atoms pledge.
It was shown that there has been
a reduction of 80 per cent in the
lynching record of Texas in the
past twenty years. from 81 for the
five years beginning In 1915 10 6
for the five-year period beginning
in 1880. The Association sets for
It's goal a lynchless year in TexIs
in 1885, and viii seek to sign up
the sheriff of every county and q
600 additional men and women. It
was reported that every candidate
for governor in the recent Demo-
cratic primary had been interro-
gated by the Association as to whe-
Their, if elected, he would do every
thing In his power to prevent mob
violence. and that all lad answered
satisfactorily.
Mrs. ]. L. Brock. of Bryan. was
elected chairman Of the Commits
sion for the coming year ana Pre-
sident w. r. Banks of the State
College for Negroes, was reelected
secretary. DR.. M. w. Dogan, pre-
sident Of wiley College, was elect
ed vice president.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1935-01-03

Pointing out that the city COM
pelled us to have automobiles In
spected at least twice yearly, ne
stated that it was much more lu-
portant to the community that peo-
pie have themselves examined as
often as we do cars.
The race, he says, loses millions
in our health differential A great
deal of the race prejudice which
keeps the group as a whole segre-
gated is because OF lower health
index. He pointed out our inahil-
ity to get insurance IS q group on
the same terms as those Of whites
as an example Of what our health
and mortality status was costing
us.
Against socIaIIzed Medicine
DR.. Lewis stated that he was ex-
pressing the sentiment Of the medi-
cal profession when he answered
q question as to his attitude to-
ward the present trend toward So
eialized medicine.
I'VE believe that medicine and
health should remain individual
matters. he stated. He stated.
however, that there was d trend IN
this direction, and that colored peo-
pie would naturally take advantage
Of anything given away free.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1935-01-03
CoIored In Dixie Lose Land
And Cash to White Crooks

woman did. along with all evidence
Of having acquired and paid for the
land. The woman left the papers
with the attorney. but did not get
q receipt. The widow later learn
ed tai she and her husband had
never Owned q foot Of the land.
Word has passed around the legal
fraternity and no other lawyer viii
help her with the case.
when | was driving through
Georgia. between Atlanta and AL
bany. stopped at q schoolhouse.
The teacher was a black woman
Of vacant stare. This teacher had
never heard Of me. the N.A.A.C.P.
or Of the Crisis.
As I was travelling from Mari
anna, Fla, scene Of the century's
worst lynching I met q typical pea
SAINT woman. Il developed that she
lived within twenty miles Of the
scene Of the lynching. but four
weeks later. the woman had never
heard Of it.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1935-01-03

Mr. Perry vas bott temporarily
and pNsmnnently enjoined frpra VI
sitting interfering with. Or moIest-
Ina 81 Ie Ar this ar Per-
- had 81 encounter with Mrs.
perrvs attorney and two other
men IN front Of her home. result
ing in bis being found guilty Of as
sault and battery N the municipal
court ana fined fifty dollars and
costs and sentenced to thirty days,
All OF which were suspended
Mr.. Perry's actions also resulted
in his being bound over BY Justice
Of the Peace Manning to the Grim
inaI Court Of Marion County, un-
der peace bond There is also
an information IL contempt on file
and pending against rim IN the
Marion Circuit Court.
Husband Sought Delays
Before the case reached a final
hearing. Nh Perry took q change
Of venue from the judge and from
the county. He later filed an af-
fidavit for a continuance to take
dispositions, but the judge overrul-
ed his motion.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1935-01-03
Says Flat Nose, Dark Skin
Give COIored Folk More TB

NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. the lar
ger flat nose and darker skin make
colored people more susceptible to
tuberculosis as a group. is the the.
DRY of DR.. Charles A. Lewis, prom
inent Philadelphia physician, he
told the Young Peoples City-Wids
Forum, Sunday evening.
DR.. Lewis. who had talked on
Health, a Leading Factor in Ra-
cial Advancement" stuck to this
theory when he was asked the d.
rect question during the discussion
period.
Gives Reason
< The physician declared that his
statement was based on the theory
that with larger nose cavities, col
ored people took in more air per
day than whites and that, with
darker pigmentation, the helpful
rays Of the sun could not as easily
penetrate their skins.
With the larger volume Of air
they took IN more germs
and were therefore more exposed
to the disease. He admitted, how
ever, that he had not submitted his
theory to such research that he
could offer figures to prove it, but
This is my story. however, and /
stick to t." be said.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1935-01-03

WASHINGTON The widening
breach between J. Finley Wilson
Grand Exalted Ruler Of Elka, and
subordinate lodges Of the order
reached a climax this week when
Mr. wilson was summoned to ap-
pear Ia the District Of Columbia
Supreme Court and show cause
Why he should not Ne restrained
from Interference with local lodg-
IS. Wilson has been head Of the
Coiored Elks for ten consecutive
years during which time he built
up q powerful clique that controlled
the I.B.P.O.n. Of W. Opposition
to wilson has developed Ia recent
years and It Is now predicted that
he win be defeated IN the next sea-
sion Of the Srand Lodge.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1935-01-03
Dixie School Invites
CoIored to Exhibition

MACON, Ga. An interesting
manifestation Of interracial courte-
sy and good win was evidenced
here last week when Wesleyan coll
Iegt. exclusive school for young
Southern white women, opened to
the colored people Of Central Geo.
rgis the million dollar xress esshtx
bit Of italian art. which had been
placed temporarily IN the halls Of
the college.
Some 1900 persons accepted the
invitation and enjoyed the exhibit.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1935-01-03
FIGHT AGAINST
FINLEY WILSON
IS INTENSIFIED

WASHINGTON = lBy Garland
Maclkey for AMP The dlssen-
sion in ELK ranks here widening
into open warfare between fhe two
local Elk lodges. Columbia and
Morning Star. threatens to develop
q breach which may loosen the
grip Of Finley wilson upon his en-
tlered herd Il the washington Hllts
are able to summon as much
strength to their support a. they
claim to be available.
The fight began last fan when
Grand Exalted Ruler Wilson ap-
pointed Or. Charles Fisher as gem
eral chairman Of tie entertainment
committee which was to have
charge Of the next grand lodge ses-
sion scheduled 70 meet here. The
lodges who were entertaining OBJ
iected to the appointment Of Or.
Fisher. The Grand Exalted Ruler
insisted
The latest development came
last week when Justice Peyton
Gordon Of the district Of coIulsIbia
Supreme Court issued an order
compelling ar. wilson to come H.
to court wednesday, snow
5..4 s. u 4.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1935-01-03
CONGRESSMAN
REPLACES FIST
BY DIPLOMACY


WASHINGTON The glove Of
diplomacy win replace the mailed
fist when congressman-eIect Arth-
ur Mitchell, Democrat Of Illinois.
takes his seat In the House Of Re
representatives. this week.
This was made clear by Mr.. Nit
chell at a banquet rendered him BY
friends at the Y.W.C.A., Tuesday.
The banquet was attended by De-
mocratic leaders Of both races.
Mr.. Mitchell, who defeated Ogcar
DePriest IN the November election
in the First Congressional District
in Chicago, stated that he would
seek to knit together the threads
Of friendship hstween the Southern
whites and coicred with q new
philosophy. The blunt-edged needle
used by Congressman DePriest
would be cast aside for one sharp
with diplomacy.
Has Local Problems
The newly elected Congressman
also asserted that he win represent
the people Of the First Congress
sional District directly and the
twelve million members Of his
group in other sections of the coun-
try indirectly. He pointed out that
there were problems Of vital inn
portance concerning the residents
Of the First Congressional District
to be considered.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1935-01-03

EDITORIALS


THIRTY ONE YEARS AGO The
wright Brothers msss sneir first
eight e 8 bsavIsS fhan air mach
~.
they fleU fron { stu-dusE pie
oaI9 TO feet. Now flying mach
h.zs sIEdle the earth.
1hey started aomethinel Most
people become interested ID some
cling after Il Is fsu grown and
successful 1hey are too simid Of
- lazg q begin something
11Iozed Americans meald Is bu5
sinsss giants were they permitted
fe s|t behind mahogany desks With
beautiful secretaries Tbs sacrific=
Is necessary to start from scratch
~ to- heavy The long years q
struggle and deprivation essential
6 The building o. s program Do
rel fiI into gheir thinking
HOST businesses bad small be-
eianinzs they are the result of
hard work careful living and plens
" 81 headkzbes
rev organization. I any, spzane
fnlI grown into being. Someone
had to start them, push them for
ward.
As the american Negro faces
1885 IS should resolve TO start
something Re mus realize that
ha must begin something Cor him
SER because other people are not
gong to permit him 70 take charge
81 what they have built
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1935-01-03
Congress TO Get Plea
OF Railway Association

CHICAGO (ANP)-The Ilterna-
tional Association Of Railway sSn-
ployees Of which Thomas I. Redo
is president and R. L. Mays, secre-
tary, win present proposed amend
ments to Congress, the purposes OF
which are to check willing of col
ored railway workers by making
any killings of men in railway SER
vice a Federal offense.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1935-01-03
African Chiefs Buy
Cay Velvet Parasols

BIRMINGHAM, England This
city boasts Of an unusual industry
making umbrellas for tribal
chiefs.
More than a dozen high chiefs
have ordered large. gayly-cosored
umbrellas tits year. The umbrellas
between seven and eight feet in IL
ameter, are made specially Of vel
vet In the various tribal colors and
are adorned with gay fringes and
tassels.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1935-01-03
1000 Colored Residents
2 Only on Relief Rolls

RICHMOND, ya.-Csn this re-
cord be equalIed anywhere in the
United States? OF a population Of
1000 Negroes in Gloucester Coun-
ty, only seven are on the relief roll
as reported by the Federal Emnr-
gency Relief Administration. Nine
ty per cent Of the Negro farmers
own the land on which they farm.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1935-01-03
Famous CoIored Male
GIee Club to Broadcast

NEW YORK A special New
Years program Of popular Negro
spirituals and folk songs win be
presented over the nationwide Co
lumbia network on Saturday, Jam
uary 5. from 1920 to 10:45 3. M,
psf BY the colored glee club Of
Lincoln University, Philadelphia.
The club, Of 50 male voices. Is rat
Cd one Of the finest III the country.
It 10 under the direction e James
II Dorsey.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1935-01-03
Pickens Sails To Haiti

NEW YORK William Pickena
field secretary Of the National As
ISOLATION for the Advancement Of
Colored People, sailed Friday for
a short visit to Haiti on the '.Col-
uubia OF the Columbian line.
while IN the Caribbean republic,
Mr.. PiclEans will meet and confer
with President Vincent and high
g0vernpdent officials.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1935-01-03
Consular Posts in w. |.
Given To White Men

WASHINGTON Wallace 2.
Moessner, Of Cushing, Okla, AM
erican consul at Manchester, Eng
land, has been appointed vice con-
sui at Trinidad, British West In
dies, according to information re-
ceived from the United States De-
partment Of State.
william NJ. Corcoran, Of Massa-
chusetts, who has been consul at
Kingston, Jamaica. has been as
signed to yigo, Spain. Both are
white.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1935-01-03
Problem on 4 ProbIem

Here IL Brain Teoer problem
y znsvsr g TIE question ~ what pFeeeons should dealer
mix 4toa with 2fo
nurs 81 Natef21 ycunge replied
a g e.sel syrup Hee1 lev parts 81 and
81
sx o. Ihat s mixture
which Is the 3ip-l!t wrong
The problem ha Is boys reasoning
The solution win be printed in next weeks Enterprise
Last weeks Brain TeaseRs answered Page
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1935-01-03

(cOntinued on Pee Threel
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1935-09-06
T. W. A. PILOT TESTS
StBSTRATOSPHERE
Flies Transport Ship at $4,000
Feet and Makes 223 Miles
Per Hour.
BY the Associated Press

BY the Associated Press.
NEWARK. N. j., September g.
D. w. Tomlinson. flying a T. w. A.
flying laboratory" transport ship,
landed at Newark Airport late yester-
day after five-hour trip from Kansas
City at attitudes up to $1,000 feet for
purposes of flight experiments in the
substratosphere. He averaged 223
miles per hour for the trip.
He took data on radio compass, en-
CINE and air-resistance operations for
incorporation in a study of high-alt
tude commercial flights. The advan-
tage of high attitudes IS increased
speed and the ability to fly over
weather which ordinarily would ground
a regular fight.
Tomlinson said he put the ship at
20 900 feet after the takeof and went
up to $1,000 by the time he reached
Columbus. At Pittsburgh he dropped
back to 10000, running into the edge
of a storm area which he estimated
to extend up as far as $4,000 feet.
1T was a wonderful sight-like q
big umbrella" Tomlinson said of the
storm. Liquid oxygen was used by the
pilots all the time.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1935-09-06

rio Rita" one of Broadway's most
successful musical comedies, will be
presented by the Beauty Box Theater
on WNlAL at 8. Francia White will
sing the title role.
The college Prom" on WMAL at
7:30, will present a fire fighters
night" program. Fire Marshal Michael
j. Corrigan of Chicago, and Smoky"
Joe Martin, retired assistant fire chief
of New York, will be the guests OF
honor. The musical background, to
be provided by Ned Nichols Orchestra
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1935-09-06
MAJOR FEATURES AND PROGRAM NOTES.

and Ruth Etting, includes "In the
Twinkling of an Eye" and You're AL
I Need"
Dramtic excerpts from "A Tale OF
Two Cities" featuring Ronald Colman
and Elizabeth Allan, will be presented
during the Hollywood Hotel" program
on WJSv at 8. Several songs from
Dick Powell's latest starring picture,
"Shipmates Forever" also are in
cluded.
forgotten Gems" . mystery
drama, will be presented BY Irene
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1935-09-06

TIME True Story Court Of Human
Relations, presenting drama
tized cases from actual life.
i with the radio audience sitting
as the jury. will begin a new Fall ana
Winter series on WRC tonight at $3.50
O'Clock.
The initial sketch will be 1.-The Man
BETRAYED" a poignant drama OF
mother love. 1t is swiftly moving
story which relates how a widowed
mother turns fugitive murderer over
to the police and uses the reward to
restore the health of her son. Later,
the son commits murder and Is SEN
fenced to 10 years in prison.
Leading parts in the drama will be
taken by Lucille Wall, Alfred Corn
and Hanley Stafford.
****
A MOTHER outstanding broadcast
on WRC tonight, at l0:l5, will
be the grand finale of the Judging
the Stars" series, which has had a
10 weeks run, featuring Washington's
professional talent.
Thirteen artists, winners in each
weeks broadcast, will compete for the
grand prize before an audience of
1000 persons in the Rialto Theater.
The winner will receive a gold cup
and a weeks engagement at the Fox
Theater at salary of 5000.
Participants in the finals will be
Helen Ault, personality singer; Vir-
GINA Strouse, blues" singer; Mar
jorie King, soprano; Marion Meitzler,
"blues" singer; Lansing Hatfield BARI
tone; Madeline Shepherd, "blueS"
singer; Ell Gary, tenor; Henry Nestor.
baritone; Joe Bruno, baritone; Paul
Munroe, entertainment; the Dixie
Earmonies Quartet; Janet Coon, en-
tertainer, and Bob Baber and his
Caroline String Snapers-
NJ B. C. has arranged to broadcast
- the opening exercises of the
convention of the Veterans of Foreign
Wars in New Orleans. September Is.
The principal addresses will be
made by Gov. Allen of Louisiana, Sem
ator Nye of North Dakota and James
E. Van Zandt, commander in chief Of
the Veterans of Foreign Wars.
"CREAT MOMENTS IN HISTORY"
a classic radio series, will return
to N. B. c. September 10.
Each broadcast will dramatic, with
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1935-09-06

Rich and her cast on WMAL at Z.
Richard Himber and his orchestra,
on WJSV at o, have arranged q
varied program which includes Il Kiss
Your Hand. Madame" You're My
Lucky Star" and II Wished on the
Moon"
Jessica Dragonette will sing my
Old Kentucky Home" as the highlight
Of her program on WRC at Z. Other
numbers on her program are "One
Night Of Love" and "Ios ojos
NeRrog,,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1935-09-06

1.-THE TWELVE ACTS to be heard on CUNrHERs IL
! STAR FINAL radio show tonight, represent the
twelve most popular radio acts selected by Washington
radio audience. from CUNTHER's JUDGING THE
STARS" Monday evening programs. All the enter
tainers you will hear tonight radio stars in their own
right All have had professional engagements on either
the stage the radio. Their radio talent has been
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1935-09-06
BUS CHANGE STUDIED
Van Duzer Examines Results OF
Traffic Alterations.

Traffic Director william A. Van
Duzer is studying changes in traffic
conditions that would result from
routing westbound buses Of the Rhode
Island avenue line off Monroe street
northeast and onto another crosstown
artery.
The change is sought by some Mon
roe street residents. The Public
Utilities Commission yesterday asked
Van DuZer for his views.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1935-09-06
the-rich" plan was designed to force

Cne.rlcn plan was ueSlsIlcu W ioiCe
Ford to sell stock in the Ford Motor
Co. to keep his plant running. The
tax law. Cameron predicted in q
speech to 500 winners Of Ford Merit
Club prizes yesterday, will not endure.
Ford's refusal to comply with the
N. r. A., Cameron said, was based on
his opposition to what he considered
its restriction on free trade. The
other principles of the New Deal,
Cameron declared, were carried out
in practice in the Ford plants before
the depression.
The Ford company took loss Of
$4,000 during the depression to keep
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1935-09-06
TRUE STORY COURT
SERIES WILL BEGIN
Cases Will Be Dramatized
From Real Life Over
a. Station WRC.

TIME True Story Court Of Human
Relations, presenting drama
tized cases from actual life.
a,,Iionoa sitting
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1935-09-06
HIKES PLANNED HERE
Hot Springs Park Naturalist Lays
Plans for Rock Creek Series.

H. R. Gregg, naturalist at the Hot
Springs, Ark, National Park, is on
duty at present in the local park
system, working out series of public
lectures, campfire meetings and ma
ture hikes in Rock Greek Park and
elsewhere. Gregg has been loaned to
the National Capital Parks for an
indefinite period.
Around October l the tentative
program is to start the Fall series,
Gregg explained. Services will be
available to club groups and for lee
ture work. he added.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1935-09-06

incidental music, an important event
in American history. A special effort
will be made to have these broadcasts
fall on or near anniversaries Of the
actual events they depict.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1935-09-06

men at work, the speaker said, adding
that Ford was opposed to charity,
both public and private, because he
considered it degrading to the giver
and the receiver.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1935-09-06
TAX PROGRAM HELD
BLOW AIMED AT FORD
Former Editor Cameron Of Dear
born Says Sale of Stock
Would Be Forced.

BY the Associated Press.
ATLANTIC CITY, N. j., September
CIV. j. Cameron of Dearborn,
Mich. former editor of the Dearborn
Independent and Ford associate, sees
the administration tax program as a
blow aimed at the financial indie
pendence of Henry Ford.
Cameron charged that the "tax-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1935-09-06
$2,502, 500, 900 Saved.

People of Britain have paid S2,502,-
100000 for national savings certif1-
Gates.
Evening star., 1935-06-02

relief officials that they feared at
least $50 persons had persisted.
Stories Of new threat Of . 6-foot
wall of water rushing down the devas-
tated area of Southwestern Nebraska
were dissipated after Mai. G. N. Hen
ninger of the Nebraska National
Guard made an inspection trip.
Maj. Henninger reported water was
receding at Cambridge and discount
ed suggestions that new flood waters
would hit the Oxford region-center
OF the food along with McCook.
Two unidentified bodies were washed
ashore at the city dump here tonight
and hope was abandoned for 10 fam
lilies seen floating down the river in
a house. The body Of q week old baby
was found at Stratton.
A minister at Trenton said that IL
storm victims were dead there, but he
could not give names or details.
At oxford tonight a score Of per-
sons witnessed helplessly one tragedy
Of the mighty river drama. when two
men and q woman-Charles and Ed
ward Morris and their sister. Mrs
Becky Askey-all elderly, were hurled
from the top of their house into the
water when the torrent rushed the
structure from its foundation. They
had waited "a hours in vain hope
that a rescue party might reach them
The first direct news from McCook
came from an airplane chartered
by the Associated Press. 1t told OF
the twin terror Of flood and Of lorna