davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Arizona gleam., 1935-10-26

none boasting score Of a 13
to 7 loss. Coach Tom Lieb
Of the Lions must have whis-
pered to his a!l coastmen to
handle the cats q bit rough
and smear the tricks just as
he did swhen he made it
possible for Lubesich to push
the pigskin over the line for
the first touchdown. This
was the great AL Duval who
so nobly shot the works.
On Saturday morning the
Monarchs will journey to
Tucson for . tussle with the
Cardinals. There is much 'ri-
valry between the two teams
and points to be q natural
as Browns boys have q de-
light in playing the Cards,
because there are invariably
many damscels among the
The Arizona gleam., 1935-10-26
SPORTS
BY Webster Rideau

October 81 will be Q great
day for John Henry Lewis Of
Phoenix, the light - heavy
weight uncrowned champion
of the fistic world. On the
night of the 31st Lewis will
meet the present unpopular
champion, Bob Olin in St.
Louis for q title bout. Joe
Louis, the great Detroit Star
will second for John Henry.
Joe will most probably tell
John just when to lay his
opponent on the canvas, just
as Baer's body was, from
the batterins hands Of Louis.
From the latest authentic
news, Joe has sent his ira
iner Blackburn over to Johns
camp to get him in par shape
for his bout.
The Arizona gleam., 1935-10-26

on the cases Of Fedroe Pc
arson and Roosevelt Moon,
who are charged with the
the robbery and Staying" of
James C.. Parker. a white
mercbont. However. no Negro
has ever been selected for
grand Jury or petit service
wnere whites are accused.
The Arizona gleam., 1935-10-26

Just az I predicted: The
Loyola Lions sent the Tuc-+
SON Wildcats back to the
Sunshine Town with a few
kittens badly bruised aud Q
The Arizona gleam., 1935-10-26
First Time In The
"Memory of Man"

Clarksdale Miss For the
first time in the memory of
man a Negro was seated on
the Mississippi Grand Jury
here.
His name is H.C. Armstrong
Q school teacher, and one OF
twenty residents Of Coshoma
County.
Armstrong will sit with the
grand jury in deliberations
spectators which generally
gives Smith. Copeland and
O'neal that extra spark Of
energy.
Evening star., 1935-08-17
Water Front Improvement.

There Is cause for qualification, after
so many years, over final approval in
conference of the rivers and harbors bill
which includes authorization for i'm
provement and Identification Of the
Washington channel water front. This
project has been urged for years by the
District authorities, the planning au-
thoritieS and the local civic bodies
principally the Board of Trade. 1t has
been delayed again and again despite
the progress of deterioration which
began many years ago to destroy the
usefulness of ancient water front struc-
lures and the repeated recommended
tions from the engineers and others that
delayed improvement. not only for
utilitarian purposes but in the interest
of Capital Identification, should be
undertaken.
The rivers and harbors bill merely
authorizes the improvements, carrying
no appropriations. But the money may
be either appropriated later or grants,
under conditions imposed in the bill,
made from P. w. A. funds as one form
Of employment relief.
Another special cause for qualification
arises in connection with the terms
Evening star., 1935-08-17
The Crash i'm Alaska.

While the exact circumstances of the
plane crash in Alaska in which Will
Rogers and Wiley PoS lost their lives
may never be known, it is evident that
the disaster was due to the failure of
the motor at too low height to permit
a correction of equilibrium. The acci-
dent was witnessed only by natives, to
whom the man bird was a complete
novelty. Their version of the crash
was doubtless given in terms of COM
plete ignorance of the nature OF the
machine and the manner of its man
agement. AS they gave it to Sergeant
Morgan of the Signal Corps at Point
Barrow, fifteen miles distant, who had
been notified by runner, the plane
misfired soon after it rose from the
surface of the shallow river to which 1t
had been brought for some tinkering,
evidently found to be necessary in the
course of the flight. The pilot banked
to the right, but the ship went out OF
hand and plummeted nose first, from
height of fifty feet, diving into the edge
of the stream, where the water was
only two feet deep.
The plane was a new one, specially
built for the flight. Wiley Post was
one of Americas best qualified pilots.
He had been in many tight places and
had survived all of his perils until this
last one. He was resourceful in his
handling of his ships, daring, but always
the master of his machine. He knew
the dangers of both low flying and high
flying and the hazards of engine trouble.
The tragedy of this catastrophe is
heightened by the fact that this slip
was a minor one, from which in ordinary
circumstances escape would have been
assured. The conclusion is plain that
the engine was in bad order for some
time before the crash. The landing on
the little river was made in an emer-
gency. 1t is an infinite pity that an
attempt was made to effect readJust-
ment there. so near to place at which
more dependable correction OF the fault
might have been assured.
An airplane is only as good as its
engine. If that fails escape depends
upon the skill of the pilot in eftecting
a descent to suitable terrain. At
greater height than that from which
the plane fell in Alaska the chances of
safe landing are good. In this case
there was no margin of security. At
fifty feet the aviator is in greater peril
than at five hundred. And just be-
cause the motor in this case failed at
such a tri1ing distance from the earth
two valuable lives are lost and the coun-
try is plunged into sorrow. The hope
is that something may be learned from
this disaster, to lessen the peril of those
who, despite this shocking crash, will
continue to fly in all circumstances and
over all routes. Mans conquest of the
air is not to be denied by the Incl
dental sacrifices demanded by the
forces of Nature.
Evening star., 1935-08-17
ID. c. Boys in Camp
In PENNSYLVANIA

To the Editor Of The Star:
In these days when there are cynical
people who are wondering when any
good thing can come out OF Washing
ton (of course, excepting The Starr, It
is refreshing to have the sort OF expert
ence to report that some of us are hav-
ing here in the Blue Ridge Mountains.
refer to the fact that group of
boys from the District have come to
camp at Camp Albert C. Ritchie (the
Maryland National Guard camp. which
is in our community. These boys are
members of the Boys Clubs which are
sponsored by the Metropolitan Police of
the District of Columbia. Mr.. John P.
Meshkoff, director of this boys work,
is the director Of the camp the boys
are now enjoying.
From the position of an interested OBJ
server a bit of commendation may be
in order. My first contact with the work
came when a group Of about 80 boys
attended services IN my church. They
we're attentive and orderly, and since
that first time they have been back.
Indeed, the band an organization within
the clubs. under the leadership of Mr..
Clinton J. Brown. jr, gave an excellent
last Sunday. The band delighted us all
with its most acceptable playing.
But the most interesting fact to me-
as a minister, is that so much attention
is given to the moral development of
the boys. 1t is good, of course. that they
are given an opportunity to attend
church. But probably they are helped
more and in more lasting way through
their regular car1p activities
To have a blessing asked before each
meal is doubtless new experience for
many Of the boys. To have part in the
flag ceremonies of the camp will make
a lasting impression on many of them.
The camp fires in the evenings provide
rich experiences. At these camp fires,
the boys themselves do much of the en-
tertaining. But the leaders are in great
demand. The boys call for them and
listen thoughtfully to them. To see and
hear Mr.. Murphy of the Crime Preven-
ton Commission (the boys affectionately
call him Father" Murphy in action,
giving the boys what he calls lesson
in "ethics"-and it is just that's to
understand the measure of influence
these leaders have on the boys. There
are others; to mention only few, Mr..
Clinton j. Brown, ST.; Mr.. Lee. Mr..
Smith, Mr.. Fox. the assistant director.
The whole atmosphere of the camp is
worth while. Mr.. Meshkoff and the
police are to be congratulated on their
good work. So are the people of the
District who support it, for while other
work among boys is doubtless good, this
work reaches boys who might not be
reached otherwise. Some indication of
the truth Of this statement may be had
when I say that there were four boys
in church Sunday morning who came
barefooted. We were honored to have
them, as those who helped them are
honored to do so.
EDWARD G. CONRAD.
Blue Ridge Summit, Pa.
Evening star., 1935-08-17
One-Man Car Is Better
Than a One-Man Bus

To the Editor Of The Star:
An editorial in Thursdays Star
prompts me to put question that
has puzzled me no little as I have noted
your opposition to one-man street cars.
What is there about a one-man bus
that makes it all right while a one-man
street car is all wrong?
One of the objections you urge against
the one-man car is that it reduces the
entrance points to one. The cars it is
proposed to convert are the new So
called "streamlined" ones, and they are
already limited to entrance at the front.
AS the conductors on these cars have
very poor commodations-they cannot
sit down, and when they stand up there
is danger of humping their heads against
the fare registers-they would, no doubt,
be glad of transfer to another type of
car.
1t is immaterial to me whether a car
Is one-man or two-man; either is
preferable to one-man bus, but I would
not like that any one should lose a job
by changing the cars over to one-man
operated. That is the only objection
can see to it. ALBERT M. LEVERS.
Evening star., 1935-08-17

under which the cost of the local inn
provements would be shared between the
United States and the District of Co
lumbia The measure passed by the
House divided the expenses on fifty
fifty basis between the local and Federal
Governments. Senator Copeland, in
charge of the bill in the Senate, main
tanned that all the cost of the improve
ment should be borne by the National
Government, inasmuch as title to the
property is in the name Of the United
States; the control over the water front
would be with the United States, and
the improvements are more national in
character than local. A compromise in
conference between the House and
Senate positions resulted in a division of
cost which will be, roughly, 1926 per
cent between the United States and the
District, respectively.
Senator Copeland again merits the
hearty thanks of the community for his
stand in behelf of an equitable principle.
Evening star., 1935-08-17
washington in the Constitution as first

Washington in the Constitution as first
adopted, were ratified by a sufficient
number of the States by December
Is, 1871.
BY no stretch of the Imagination can
George Washington's observation. in his
letter to Col. Humphreys be made to
form the basis Of argument that the
first President foresaw the need of any
of the amendments which followed the
first ten. All but one Of those sub
sequently made were proposed after his
death, the eleventh having been pro-
posed in 1894 and ratified in 1898. The
poSt-Civil War amendments were, of
course, wholly beyond the range of his
imagination. Those that have come
subsequently have been due to condi-
tions developing from economic and
social changes which were wholly out
side of the scope Of his provision Of
American affairs.
No advocate of fundamental change
lessening the power and authority of
the Supreme Court to pass judgment
upon the constitutionality of congress
sional enactmentS and administrative
mandates will find in the newly dis
covered letter of George Washington,
acknowledging the immediate imper-
fections of the fundamental law, war
rant for an endeavor to change the
Constitution in respect to the safeguards
erected for its maintenance.
Evening star., 1935-08-17
STARS, MEN AND ATOMS
Notebook of Science Progress in Field,
Laboratory and Study.

BY THOMAS r. HENRY.

The 23-year climatic cycle hypothesis
advanced this week by Dr. Charles c.
Abbot. secretary of the Smithsonian In
stitution. may prove the master key to
some of the most battling secrets Of
nature.
Whatever affects the weather affects.
directly or indirectly, most phenomena
of the living world. The effect may be
immediate or delayed, slight or domi-
nant. 1t long has been observed that
many such natural phenomena progress
in cycles. The wavelike progression is
noted in such diverse fields as the
abundance of game, the fluctuations of
business. the belligerence of nations. In
most cases the cycles have defied ex-
PLANTATION or correlation with one
another.
DR.. Abbot, seeking verification of his
hypothesis, explored various wavelike
movements ranging from the numbers
Of fish in the North Atlantic to the
yearly growth of Sequoia trees 5000
years ago. In each case he found evi-
dence that the 23-year cycle was exert
ing its effect through its influence on
the weather, although at times it might
be obScured by other influences chang
ing the phases and amplitudes of the
cycles.
Many biological cycles probably are
much more complicated because less
directly dependent on the weather.
One of the most significant demon
Strations of the 23-year cycle is de-
rived from the fluctuations in the
abundance of cod and mackerel in the
North Atlantic. as reflected in the
annual catches.
DR.. Abbot analyzed the annual records
since 1904, introducing the proper cor
rectionS for the growth of the fishing
industry and the improvement Of equip
ment. 1t long has been known to fish
ermen that the numbers of these fish
f1uctuate enormously from year to year.
The reason has been unknown. OF late
years it has been possible to make en-
pirical forecasts at the start of each
season by intensive sampling.
Now ocean fishes feed largely on
plankton, the minute plant life of the
sea. Each years plankton crop is quite
sensitive to weather conditions and the
number of fish that can survive is
strictly limited by the food supply. Hence
the numbers might be expected to fiuc-
tuate with the 23-year cycle. 1t does,
DR.. Abbot found, and quite sensationally.
There was variation In the mackerel
catch Of more than two to one at regu-
larly recurring intervals of the cycles.
The same kind of f1uctuation was evi-
dent for the cod, although the differ
ences were not so marked.
y + \ \
One of the oldest available meteoro-
logical records Is that of the high and
low water stages of the Nile. Measure
ments are available since 622 AID. DR..
Abbot analyzed the figures from 735 to
1886 AID. and found that the maxima
and minima repeated themselves so
nearly throughout the interval of $50
years that the cycle could hardly differ
by as much as month from % years.
DR.. Abbot suggests that Joseph may
have had some vague awareness OF this
cycle when he predicted seven fat years
followed by seven lean years for Egypt.
Some Of the most conclusive evidence
Evening star., 1935-08-17
Constitutional Changes.

Discovery is Just announced OF q
letter written by George Washington to
q friend, Col. David Humphreys, dated
October 10, 1887, shortly after his return
to Mount Vernon from the Constitu-
tional Convention which had completed
its work of drafting the fundamental law
of the American Union. In this letter,
acknowledging Col. Humphreys accept
ance of an invitation to his former
aide de camp to visit him, the future
first President discussed the draft Of
the Constitution and expressed the hope
that the people would be wise enough
to adopt it. He said
THE Constitution that is submitted
is not free from imperfections; but
there are as few radical defects in it as
could well be expected, considering the
heterogeneous mass of which the con-
vention was composed and the diversity
of interests which were to be reconciled.
A constitutional door being opened, for
future alteration and amendments,
think it would be wise in the People
to adopt what is offered to them; but
this is hardly to be expected, because
the importance and sinister views of
too many characters will be affected
by the change"
July 26, 1888, the Constitution was
accepted by sufficient number of the
States to ratify it and on the Fourth of
March. 1789, the newly organized Gov
ernment began to function. The process
of amendment which George Washing
ton foresaw began with the submission
to the States, by the First Congress,
September Is, 1789, of the first ten
amendments, known as the bill of
rights" the absence of which had caused
most of the difficulty in securing the
ratification Of the original draft. These
amendments, which comprised the cor
rection of the imperfections seen by
Evening star., 1935-08-17

came from tree ring records. AS is well
known, the annual growth ring of
tree varies in size from year to year
dependent on growing conditions. These.
in turn, hinge upon the temperature and
precipitation.
Records for California Sequoia trees
are available practically from 1906 AID.
to the present. The problem is greatly
complicated, however, by the fact that
the growth rate of old trees with ex-
tenSive root systems depends less on
the immediate rainfall than does that
Of young trees. BY introducing proper
corrections DR.. Abbot was able to show
that tree ring widths underwent changes
during 23-year cycles ranging between
40 and 120 per cent and with such
def1niteness of gradation from low to
high and return "as seems in harmony
with the idea of periodicities of % years
in the water supply upon which the
tree growth depended"
IS **
Another source of verifcation of the
23-year cycle hypothesis comes from the
so-called glacial varveS" found over
the Northern United States. During the
ice age there was considerable melting
of the surface Of the ice, as well as
copiouS rainfall, each Summer. This
produced glacial torrents which secured
the sides Of the glacial valleys and
carried down sediment. Settling oc-
CURED in the quiet lakes which inter
rupted the torrential flow at the foot
of a glacier. The coarser particles
reached the bottom first and the finer
particles settled on top of them. In
this way each year layer of sediment
was deposited, coarser at the bottom
and finer above. Layer after layer
formed as the years succeeded each other
and the thickness of each depended
almost entirely on the amount of melt
ing and rainfall.
Many thousands of years have since
passed. There have been many varia-
tions of pressure, of exposure and of
other factors which might be expected
to effect the thickness Of the VarveS.
Nevertheless, DR.. Abbot was able to
find considerable evidence that during
the ice ages there was the same 23-year
cycle in temperature and rainfall.
** ~
Still another test of the hypothesis
was derived from the rainfall records
for Southern New England, available
from 1850. The cycle is shown quite
clearly, and with some evidence of an
additional double cycle of 46 years.
Looking ahead, the cycle hypothesis in
dicates that, unless there is decided
change of phase and amplitude, about
the years 1856 this area will have
from 10 to 20 per cent more rainfall
than in 1884.
Even more conclusive was the evi-
dence of the high and low water marks
of the Great Lakes, records of which
since 1885 are available. The water
level depends, of course, upon the pre-
cipitation over the drainage area of
the lakes. DR.. Abbot finds the 23-year
cycle plainly evident.
OF especial interest is the fact that
the cycle hypothesis would have shown
years ahead the great droughts of 1890
and 1884 The. hypothesis, however, is
not sufficiently validated to venture any
prediction for the future.
Evening star., 1935-08-17
Will Rogers Found His Way
Into the American Hearts.
To the Editor OF The Star:

To the Editor OF The Star:
In these sophisticated days to speak
of an irreparable loss sounds somewhat
trite, and yet in the passing of Will
Rogers few will deny his irreplaceable-
ness. True, the Nation goes on whether
Mckinley be dead or Theodore Roose-
welt, but who will gainsay that in the
death of Mckinley the Nation lost a
shining example of urbanity and dignity
and kindliness, hoWsoever much that
loss was made up in the StrenuouSneSS
and appeal to righteousness of his Sue
ceSSor. In times like these, when dis
treSs abounds, the Nation needs as much
as anything else a sense of humor, for a
man without job who can laugh
already has the making of at least
part of one.
To see humor in every situation was
the fine quality of Rogers. His was
not a mere play upon words, such as
the pastor told the sexton land the
sexton tolled the bell," but a more
original and strikingly deft play upon
the foibles and paradoxes of human
nature and the farcical in the course
of events. Statesmen and publicists
and business kings play their necessary
part in our lives. and the loss of any
of them is keenly felt, but few would
produce so wide and deep gap as has
been occasioned by the loss of Mark
Twain's twin brother.
That Rogers died in the clouds, so to
speak, is fitting, for there his spirit
dwelt and found its inspiration, and
there on occasions he took us troubled
mortals away from our more serious
pursuits and cares. Rogers Clark helped
discover for us the Far West, and now
Will Rogers is added to the immortals
for finding his way into our hearts and
homes and very souls.
HERMAN FELTER.
Evening star., 1935-08-17
Shooting Stars.
BY PHILANDER JOHNSON.

Watch the Professor.
Music sounds a little rough
With its improvising.
Literature develops stuff
That is most surprising.
Everybody takes a turn
At theories far reaching.
How can anybody learn
With everybody teaching?
Everybody seeks a way
To educate the masses.
Everybody has a say
In inStructing classes.
Though of wisdom I would be
Humbly a possessor.
Everybody that see
Starts in as professor"
If at golf I try a stroke
Or seek card sense clever;
If I try to make a joke
Or for art endeavor,
Or for dancing's simple glee,
Sadly I am stating,
Everywhere I turn I see
A professor waiting.