davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1935-10-01
upon the powers of Congress and of the

upon the powers of Congress and of the
executive branch of the Government.
In the four months that have passed
since these words were spoken at the
White House the Constitution has been
discussed as on few former occasions in
the Nations history. The prevailing re-
action of the country has been unmis-
takably unfavorable to the administra-
ton. Now it has come to be recognized
by the supporters of the New Deal that
there is danger in too much talk about
amendments. This feeling was mani
tested Sunday night by Postmaster Gen.
eral Farley-who is also chairman Of the
National Democratic Committee-in a
radio address on Nationwide hook-up.
After painting vivid word picture of
national recovery, as indicated by the
bank clearings and the market reports,
he charged interested critics" Of the
administration with exaggeration and
Misrepresentation in respect to the Presi-
dents attitude toward the Constitution.
He said:
Because President Roosevelt pointed
out the effects of Supreme Court deci-
sion that invalidated an important factor
in the emergency legislation, he has been
pictured as rebel against the authority
of the highest court. So far as know,
President Roosevelt has never declared
his purpose of seeking an amendment
to the Constitution limiting the great
tribunals capacity, but suppose he had
or has such a program in mind. The
only way the Constitution can be
amended is by two-thirds vote of both
houses of Congress and a ratification of
their action by three-fourths of the
States"
1t is somewhat reassuring to have this
specific evidence of knowledge on the
part of an administration representative
of the manner-the only manner-in
which the fundamental law can be
changed. But it will take more than
it to catch up with the unhappy horse
and buggy days" remark or to eradicate
the impression on the public mind that
there is strong desire at the White
House for such a change as would
prevent judicial interference in the con-
centration of power in a strong Executive
and subservient Congress.
Evening star., 1935-10-01
STARS, MEN AND ATOMS
Notebook of Science Progress in Field.
Laboratory and Study.
BY THOMAS r. HENRY.

demon with heart of ice whose favor
ite food is little children.
y *x
Miss Flannery found some children's
games unduplicated anywhere else. The
most curious was the fire game of the
Cree girls 1t ends in vigorous wres-
tling contest between the two biggest
girls in the game. They become expert
wreStlers and are so fond of the sport
that wrestling contests sometimes are
held between old women.
Most OF the games. she found, are
based on the way of life of the people.
The favorite game of the boys is an
imitation duck hunt, one child playing
the part OF the duck and all the others
Tipping pellets at him.
The Cree children have their charac-
teristic fairy tales. About the lodge fires
their fathers tell them stories of their
adventures with the mischievouS memeg-
wecioS. the ugly. flat-nosed little fairies
who paddle about in stone canoes and
steal fish from their nets. They always
escape the angry fishermen because
they can paddle these canoes straight
into stone cliffs. Many have given chase,
only to hear their triumphant laughter
when they are safe inside a rock.
Then the children Solemnly are warned
against the skeleton demon who comes
floating in on the north wind Many
have seen him drifting along on the
furry of snow. If he catches child
or man. for that matter-in the open,
there is no hope. 1t will tickle the vic
tim in the ribs until he laughs himself
n r1J1 Of htIcI
is a sure refuge. and many a Cree has
saved his life by finding such shelter.
The idea is that the demon can move
only when the wind is blowing. He gets
caught on the branches when he comes
down after his prey and the next gust of
wind picks him up and carries him off.
Then one can run home.
Cree marriages usually are arranged
by the parents of the bride. although
strong-minded girl sometimes takes
matters in her own hands.
Miss Flannery made special effort to
find out whether these marriages turned
out happily, but on this point, it ap-
pears, the Cree social system has no
advantage over any other. There was
about the same medley of happy and
unhappy couples. she found, as in any
society, and it made little difference
whether a girls mate was picked for her
by her father or was man of her own
selection.
Some old couples, she found had lived
in almost perfect harmony for as long
as so years. Others were continuously
pickering, despite the rather rigid pro-
hibition of public opinion against either
sex interfering in the activities of the
other.
One thing, she found, the Cree hus-
band never does. Gambling is prac-
tically unknown among these Arctic
people, although most Indians are in
veterate gamblers. Here again is one
Of those things that "just isn't done"
There are many resemblances, Miss
F1annery found. between the domestic
Evening star., 1935-10-01

Children never fight.
Wives never try to wheedle anything
out of their husbands.
Scandal is taboo.
Such is the condition found among the
Cree Indians on the western shore OF
Hudson's Bay by Miss Regina Flannery.
Catholic University anthropologist. who
passed most of the Summer among
those most primitive of North American
aboriginalS.
Miss Flannery. interested especially in
the domestic culture of the Crees, Wis
tied some groups never before contacted
by an anthropologist. She studied the
household Set-upS, the family relation
ships, the games of children and the
child-training methods. Despite all the
good points in this aboriginal culture,
she found social life is far from ideal
among the Crees.
The great restraining force is public
opinion. For example, a wife and hus-
band both have their prescribed duties.
which they attend to without question.
He is the hunter, bound to provide meat
for his family. But once he returns
from a hunt he throws the game down
on the floor and is done with it. Hence
forth it is entirely the concern OF the
wife She retains as much as she thinks
can be eaten by her own family and
divides the rest among neighboring
women. It never would enter the hus-
bands mind to question her disposition
of it, 1t is simply one of those things
that isn't done-among Crees.
Miss Flannery had been told that
there was no such thing as 'gold-dig
ging" in Cree families. She listened and
watched intently all Summer for the
slightest evidence of it and failed to
find any. If the Cree woman wants
new dress. an ornament, or anything of.
the sort from the trading station, the
last thing that she would think of would
be to ask her husband for the money
to purchase it, or for goods to trade in
exchange for it. He would be so as
founded by such an unwomanly request
that he might be generous, but she
would lose caste. Again it is one of those
things that isn't done.
1t is socially unforgivable to lose ones
temper. Man, woman or child who gives
way to a fit of anger is avoided, because
the Crees say "only babies get mad"
When a little boy tries to fight the
other children point their fingers at
him in scorn and cry "baby"-just the
reverse of the practice among most other
peoples. So children don't fight. 1t is
another of those things that lust isn't
done"
The tale bearer is ostracized. Here
alone, perhaps of ali places on earth, the
person with a juicy bit of scandal can
find nobody to listen. 1t isn't done.
The Cree children, Miss Flannery
found, are exceptionally well behaved,
although they seldom are punished. A
father or mother who uses switch on
a child is ostracized There is nothing
to prevent frightening the little ones
with threats that the "witigo" will get
them, and this is one of the chief means
Of discipline. The witigo is terrible
Evening star., 1935-10-01
Shooting Stars.
BY PH1LANDER JOHNSON.
Oracle.

oracle.
A grave philosopher will write
About the human race
There's just one prophet now in sight
Who's worth his time and space.
If of ball game you would hear
Or if war you'd plan
In reverential mood draw near
And ask the weather man.
Will some big airplane crash or fly?
Will ships be safe at sea-?
If as farmer you should sigh
What will the harvest be?"
If for residence secure
The map you pause to scan
Turn to the friend who's always sure
And ask the weather man.
Evening star., 1935-10-01
Constitution Changing.

Shortly after the Supreme Court rem
dered its unanimous decision in the
Schechter case, invalidating the N. R. A.
legislation, President Roosevelt at press
conference at the White House expressed
his disappointment and said that this
ruling had carried the country back to
comparatively primitive times-to the
horse and buggy days." was his manner
of eXpression-and that it raised the
question of whether the Constitution
should not be changed to permit Federal
Government control over national eco
nomic and social conditions. When asked
if the issue did not point directly to a
constitutional amendment to empower
Congress to deal with national COM
mercial conditions, he said mot neces-
sarily," which was at the time interpreted
as indicating the hope that by explora-
ton of possibilities a way might be
found to reach New Deal objectives by
laws that would be upheld by the highest
court.
The general impression made by these
remarks was that the President felt that
the time had come, failing effective
alternative expedients, for the amend
ment of the Constitution to enlarge the
powers of the Federal Government, at
the expense of those of the States. Par
ticularly potent in creating this impress
sion was the phrase "horse and buggy
days." which became Immediately a
slogan of the political opposition to the
present administration. 1t was conceded
by many administration supporters to
have been an inept and unwise express
sion, indicative of impatience with the
restrictions imposed by the Constitution.
as interpreted by the Supreme Court,
Evening star., 1935-10-01
.Jitters.

IL IS general and highly dangerous
state of jitters into which the Italo-
Ethiopian conflict and the associated
Anglo-Italian situation have now drifted,
while the League at Geneva continues
its tenuous efforts for peace. Over it all
hangs a pail of gunpowder, reeking with
possibilities of incidents capable of pro-
ducing an explosion without warning.
At Adds Ababa the war drums of
Halle Selassie are waiting to rumble at
the word of command which would mo-
bilize approximately two million eager
and fanatical tribesmen already under
such arms as they possess and practi-
. cally on a war footing. Across Ethi-
opias borders Mussolini's vast army,
estimated to number well over quarter
of million troops, stands ready for
instant action. Italy and Ethiopia by
turn accuse each other of mobilization"
and consequent provocation, with the
result that feelings and fears are aroused
to such a pitch that guns may go off
on either side without waiting for Or
ders whereupon the fat of war would
be in the fire. Indeed. irresponsible
rumors, born of nervous tension. are
current that Italy has in fact opened
hostiGties on the Eritrean front and
that Fascist planes are flying over Ethi-
opian territory. Rome reports Italy
reodv RI march this uenk
Not only in the threatened disaster OF
war in Africa are alarms and anxieties
rampant. Mighty Great Britain herself,
with 100000 tons of war craft holding
watch and ward in the Mediterranean
from Gibraltar to the Suez, has appar-
emily succumbed to them. 1t is circum-
Stantially asserted, though neither con-
frmed nor denied officially. that the
London government has conf1dentially
asked France what she would do in
case of an unprovoked attack on the
British navy in the great middle sea,
where it is faced by Mussolini's armada
in all but battle array From Malta,
pivotal but vulnerable mid-Mediterra-
mean British baSe four prominent Ital-
ians have been deported. Others have
been forbidden to return. The island
fortress, containing large Italian pop
ulation, has long seethed with anti
British agitation. which at the present
overwrought moment it is evidently
deemed wise to suppress with an iron
hand.
In Paris, too, there are jitters. While
the Quai d'OrSay intimates that the
French would not hesitate to aid Great
Britain if the latter's fleet were to be
attacked by Italy while the British were
enforcing League sanctions, there is
distinct mental reservation on Frances
part. 1t springs from the British refusal,
just proclaimed, to pledge help to the
French without question against Ger
man aggression, especially in Austria.
Says the Paris Journal, significantly:
The British attitude appears insufficient
to fix our own in certain circumstances
which might occur" What sends cold
chills chasing down French spines is
that drastic League measures against
Italy may drive Mussolini into the
arms of Hitler. That is contingency
Paris hesitates to consider without that
British assurance which London is dis
inclined to give.
Altogether state of affairs has come
about in which almost anything, any
where, at any moment, can happen.
Evening star., 1935-10-01
School Teacher Loyalty
to /. S. Constitution

To the Editor OF The Star:
The National Capital has so many
new residents that some may detect
defect in Mr.. w. E. Ryan's recent letter.
He gives no reasons why school teachers
should take the oath of allegiance.
When you are part of an organization
you are required to be loyal to it; to
defend it, to protect it; especially to give
no aid and encouragement to any who
are trying to undermine it or to over
throw it. That loyalty is natural
obligation. No one should object to
asserting it or practicing it.
Like other Government employees re-
quired to uphold the Constitution of the
United States, school teachers are pub
lie servants, paid with money raised
under our form of government supported
by the people. Such teachers are dis
loyal to the people if they accept public
money and then irresponSibly injure the
Government that maintains them. If
any give utterance to mania to tell
school children how to overthrow our
form of government, they should be re-
moved from the public pay roll.
For it is a cowardly act to nurture dis
loyalty or to ram it into immature
susceptible minds of children in a school
room. The children cannot walk out"
on the teacher; they must remain and
hear what is said. Any sensible teacher
ought to realize that the Government is
not furnishing him hall and an audi
ence as propagating means for un-
godliness and despotism. He should
realize, too, that subversive things are
made known for others to practice.
If Congress had declared, for an in
stance, that biology should not be taught
in District public schools, the biology
course would be discontinued at once
without question and the subject would
never be mentioned. But when Con-
greSs ordered that communism shall not
be taught or advocated in our public
schools the Board of Education envelops
itself in a fog as to its meaning and
the corporation counsel weaves for them
a legalistic maze that may encourage
somebody to believe that the teacher
can make known what communism is
without teaching it. Mr.. John Public
will be watchfully waiting to see how the
teacher can accomplish that feat.
The teachers salary is to be cut of
if he violates the prohibitions of con-
greSsional law. He should therefore
consult a reliable dictionary and be
taught how wide and various are the
meanings of the word teach"
He will not then further be misled.
He will learn that ito communicate to
others knowledge of which they were
before ignorant" is to teach; that Ito
make known" is to teach" And such
meanings will be used against teacher,
If occasion require, despite all mental
gymnastics of any legal officer who may
delude himself into advising, with con-
jectural superficiality, that teacher is
not teaching communism when. by au-
thoritative definition, he really Is
teaching" 1t.
JOSEPH W. CHEYNEY.
Evening star., 1935-10-01

culture of the Crees, northerrmost Of
Indians, and the Fuegians of the SOUTH
ern tip Of South America, the southern
most. Both live in similar environ-
ment and many thousands OF miles
apart, have adopted similar devices to
solve the problems of existence in their
desolate habitatS.
But outstanding in the Cree system.
Miss Flannery found, was the force of
public opinion. There is no need of
policemen to enforce the simple taboos.
There is no need to spank the children
for blacking each others eyes. Nobody
ever dreams of doing those things which
simply are not done" There is too
great a force of tradition behind the
prohibitions-a tradition which itself is
based upon the exigencies of life in the
northern wastes where a quarrel might
well have meant disaster for a whole
community. A
Evening star., 1935-10-01
Boulder Dam.

In his speech at the dedication of
Boulder Canyon Dam President Roose-
Welt seemingly arrogates to the public
works program of his administration
that great project. He uses it as an
example of what is being done to give
employment to the workers of the coun-
try through Government expenditures.
1t has, he points out, given employment
to four thousand men directly and to
many other thousands employed in the
manufacture o. materials. The man,
moth dam is a sample, according to the
President, of the public works program
of the Federal Government, which has
been accelerated during the last two
years because of the unemployment Sit
uation. No mention is made by the
President in his address of the fact that
the act authorizing the creation of this
dam was signed by the late President
Coolidge or that the work on the project
was begun during the administration of
former President Hoover. 1t has be-
come, it appears, part of the New Deal.
No longer is it to be called the Hoover
Dam, the name given it by the for
mer Secretary of the Interior, Ray
Lyman Wilbur
President Roosevelt took this occa-
sion to enter upon general defense of
the administrations public works ex-
penditures. reaching into the billions of
dollars. He insisted that expenditures
for small projects are justified as well
as those for large projects of the Boul-
der Dam type. A tiny dam across the
headwaters of an arroyo or a little
wooden school house are worthy to be
included in the public works program.
They give actual employment and at
the same time are of use. So far, SO
good. The President did not, except
by implication, discuss the advantages
of the work-relief program, including
"boondoggling.
The economic system of the past
generation" came in for comment by
the Chief Executive. He mentioned its
complexities and lack of thought" as
having been responsible for huge un-
employment in this country. And yet.
before the President had completed this
speech, he called upon private industry
what we call private industry"-to
take over the job of speeding re-em-
ployment Is it possible that under the
new economic theory there is some doubt
as to whether private industry is private
industry? But whether there is or
not, the Chief Executive has once more
reminded private business that the job
of taking the idle off the relief rolls
belongs to it.
Now that private business is to have,
graciously, breathing SPELL at the
hands of the administration, perhaps it
will be more ready to go forward with
greater freedom and more opportunity
of employment. There seems to be
doubt as to what business may expect
when the breathing SPELL has been COM
pleted. The period of duration of the
SpcA1 dlSo ID pIoDIeiiidIICd1 114EdGe
business has demanded the right to go
ahead unhampered by ever-increasing
Government control, without increasing
competition from the Federal Govern
ment in all kinds of services and produc-
ton, and free from the fear of further
tampering with the currency. Why
should the administration withhold such
assurances?
Evening star., 1935-10-01

Notice that gambling house was to
be raided revealed only luncheon party
to the invading police. The reform was
complete, even though not guaranteed
to last.
Evening star., 1935-10-01

1t is proposed to put wire hazards
underground in the vicinity of airports.
In the meantime a number of reckless
young men and innocent bystanders may
have to be buried.
Evening star., 1935-10-01
Inevitable.

My radio! My radio!
The things do not wish to know
You boldly tell, because lack
Facilities for talking back.
Hence from my comfortable home
In desperation would roam,
But when I go, no matter where,
I know that you will still be there.
Talk can't take de place of thinkin',"
said Uncle Eben. What dis country
needs is more brain fag and less sore
throat"
Evening star., 1935-10-01

The League of Nations has done we'll
in its efforts to instruct the world in
the ways of peace. But there may be
differences even in a board of edu-
cation.
Evening star., 1935-10-01

Motor manufacturers produce the
means of killing people in peacetime.
The disasters are impressively numerous
without waiting for war.
Evening star., 1935-10-01

Russia is becoming so rigid in govern
mental restraint as to set an example of
drastic methods in dealing with Com
munists.
Evening star., 1935-10-01

Rain makes difference in Ethiopian
warfare. In addition to gas masks, SOL
diers must be cautioned to wear their
overshoes.
Evening star., 1935-10-01

A prize fight that can be ended by a
referee without going on to a coroner's
jury is regarded as more or less a Sue
cess.
Evening star., 1935-10-01

Too much dole cannot be expected to
produce mass public of discerning and
accurate budget balancers.
Evening star., 1935-10-01
Helen.

HeIen.
Helen of Troy was very fine gal.
She proved good wife, but a rather
poor pal.
She was not very witty and not very
wise,
But in each beauty contest she took the
first prize.
She liked the contention that she could
promote,
Although she would not take the trouble
to vote.
She said, on beholding the strife and
distress,
"As woman in politics I'm a success"
Evening star., 1935-10-01

The United States Constitution pro-
tects citizens from seizure of property,
but this means nothing to gangsters.
Evening star., 1935-10-01
On With the Loud Noise.

Silence is golden" said the ready
made philosopher.
Yes" said Senator Sorghum, but
under our present financial system,
what's the good of gold?"
Evening star., 1935-10-01
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herein are also reserved
Evening star., 1935-10-01
In the Gulch.

In the Gulch.
81 hear some gang men came around
last night"
"Yes," answered Mesa Bill. "They
caused serious disappointment. When
we held 'em up, there wasn't eleven
dollars in the crowd"
"I shall one day journey in an air.
plane" said Hi Ho, the sage of China
town, "but not until the years remain
ing represent only small change, little
worth considering"
Evening star., 1935-10-01

@. For whom was the spinning jenny
named?-W. L.
A. 1t was patented IN England in
ITO by James Hargreaves, who named
it for his daughter.
Evening star., 1935-10-01
ANSWERS TO
QUESTIONS
BY Frederic ]. Haskin.

A reader can get the dnswer TO am
question OF fact by writing The Washing
ton EUeniny Star Information Bureau,
Frederic J. Hdsktn, Director, Washing
ton, D. C. Please inclose stamp for reply.
Evening star., 1935-10-01

@. How long did it take the Eskimo
to run to Point Barrow to report the
deaths of Will Rogers and Wiley Post?
S. P. w.
A. The Eskimo, Clair Oakpeha. COW
cred the IS miles between the scene of
the crash and Point Barrow in three
hours.
Evening star., 1935-10-01

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