davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1935-03-12

of American merchant shipping for
auxiliary work. Even then this arm
of our national defense would be far
short Of our requirements. Our ma
tional defense would be seriously en-
dangered by lack OF certain types of
merchant vessels which naval author
tiles declare are absolutely essential
to the waging Of successful warfare.
President Roosevelt, in a recent
message to Congress. has called atten-
ton to our inadequate merchant ma
rine facilities and urged remedial ac-
ton during the present session of
Congress. Senators and Representa-
tives already are studying the problem
attentively, and am urging all citi-
zens who believe in a strong line of
national defense to vigorously support
the administration program for an
adequate merchant marine.
The President, In addressing Con-
gress. presented outstanding and i'm
perative reasons for an adequate mer-
chant feet, as follows:
ITO me there are three reasons for
answering the question in the afirma-
1--WE. Inc nISJ Is LIldC IN LlLne OF
peace subsidies granted by other ma
tionS, shipping combines and other re-
strictive or rebating methods. may
well be used to the detriment of Amer
ican shippers. The maintenance Of
fair competition alone calls for Amer
ican flag ships of sufficient tonnage to
carry a reasonable portion of our for
eign commerce.
War Would Take Ships.
Second, in the event of a major
war in which the United States is not
involved, our commerce, in the ab-
sence of an adequate American mer-
chant marine, might find itself seri-
ously crippled because of its inability
to secure bottoms for neutral peaceful
foreign trade.
Third. in the event Of war in
which the United States itself might
be engaged, American flag ships are
obviously needed, not only for naval
Evening star., 1935-03-12

auxiliaries, but also for the main
tenance of reasonable and necessary
commercial intercourse with other ma
tions. We should remember lessons
learned in the last war"
The American merchant marine
problem Is not political question. It
Is a patriotic question. 1t is one of
economics, as well as military defense.
Presidents of the United States, begin
ming with George Washington, have
recognized 1t as such. All Of them
have stressed the urgent need OF a
strong merchant fleet
Up to the period prior to 1860. the
Nation recognized the need for pos
sessing and maintaining a merchant
fleet strong enough at all times to
cope with fleets Of other nations.
In the days Of sailing vessels. the
United States held a strong position
in world shipping. My own State of
Massachusetts, was rich in maritime
history during the clipper-ship period.
Prior to 1860 we carried over three
quarters of our foreign commerce in
Ameican bottoms. Since that time
other nations have been permitted to
wrest commercial sea supremacy from
us. In 1910 we reached the low point
in our shipping activities, carrying less
than 9 per cent of our foreign COM
merce under the American flag. And
today, despite the fact that exigencies
caused by the World War compelled
US to spend more than $4,000, 900, 900
in rehabilitating our merchant fleet.
we are actually carrying only a third
Of our foreign trade.
Short -Sightedness Costly.
Our short-sightedness compelled us
to spend in 20 months for an emer-
gency feet an amount twice the sum
of the value of the ocean-going fleets
Of the world before the war, and even
this stupendous expenditure only
served during the emergency and did
not provide an adequate, competitive
merchant marine for the United
States. Practically 80 per cent of this
expenditure was lost so far as provid-
ing for a permanent merchant marine
This experience is painful illustra-
ton of the cost Of our lack of pre-
paredness.
In 1888, the last year for which off,
cial figures are available, ships flying
the American flag represented only
about per cent of the total tonnage
of all countries participating in inter-
national trade.
This failure on our part to occupy a
prominent position in world shipping
is due to a gravely erroneous impress
sion. The argument is repeatedly and
regularly advanced here and abroad
that there always will be enough for
eign vessels to take care of our re-
quirements This assertion is falla-
cious and dangerous to our national
Evening star., 1935-03-12
marine SUBSIDY
URGED BY WALSH
Senator, son Radio Forum,
Advocates U. S. Grant
to Revive Fleet.

A Federal subsidy as the first es-
sential step in the revival of the
American merchant marine was urged
last night in a radio address by Sena-
tor Walsh, Democrat, of Massachu-
sets.
Speaking for the weekly Radio
Forum arranged by The Star and
broadcast over a coaSt-to-coaSt net
work by the National Broadcasting
Co., Senator Walsh praised President
Roosevelt's shipping policies as ex-
pressed in a recent message to Con-
greSS.
The speaker called attention to the
fact that he represented a State
whose early history was conspicu-
ously associated with maritime activi-
ties" and declared, II have long been
of the opinion that an adequate mer-
chant marine is one of the major
requirements of the United States"
Cites Wartime Value.
In peace time, he said. a merchant
fleet is essential to extend foreign
trade and provide adequate service
at reasonable rates." while in time of
war, whether this country or others
alone may be involved. the need for
adequate shipping facilities is even
more imperative.
"If the United States is in combat
our merchant fleet serves as an
auxiliary to our Army and Navy op-
erations
If other countries are involved,
their merchant vessels will be chiefly
in war activities and withdrawn from
American commerce In the absence
of an American merchant marine.
American products will pile up at our
terminals for lack of shipping
| facilities"
Explains Need for Subsidy.
With regard to Federal subsidies,
Walsh said:
American shipping must be sup
ported by subsidies for the obvious
reason that it costs more to build and
| operate vessels under the United
States flag than under other flags"
He called attention to the fact that
American shipping companies must
pay 1LSAlCl wages dIld
higher living standards for their
crews.
After reaching a peak in the days
of the clipper ship, Walsh said, Amer
ican shipping has gradually declined
until today the Nation ranks low on
the list and most of its ships are old.
Text of Address.
The full text of Senator Walsh's ad-
dress follows:
Representing a State whose early
history was conspicuously associated
with maritime activities, have long
been of the opinion that an adequate
merchant marine is one of the major
requirements of the United States.
In times of peace we need mer-
chant fleet, in order that our trade
The Washington times., 1935-09-11
Tugwe|| Explains
Why DR.. zeulh Was
Relieved Of Pos

DR.. William E. Zeuch was not
discharged" from the Resettle-
ment Administration, Administra-
tor Tugwell informed a protesting
group of American Federation Of
Government Employees represen-
tatives yesterday.
A dismissal with prejudice"
from the Interior Department,
however, barred DR.. Zeuch from
appointment to a permanent po-
sition in the Administration, DR..
Tugwell explained.
The action, according to Ad-
ministrator Tugwell, is in line
with the administrative practice
Of "rigidly" inspecting all appli-
cants before permanent appoint
mentS are made.
The Washington times., 1935-09-11
Ickes Hopes For Approval
Of BiIIion-DoIIar Program
International News Service

President Roosevelt today sought
to breathe new life into his vast
PWA program which has been
throttled into state Of "sus-
pended animation" by a tug-o1-
war between Secretary Of the In
terror Ickes and WPA Admins
traitor Harry P. Hopkins.
Forced once more to intervene
in the sporadic controversy of his
two aides, which now has dead
locked 1000 PWA projects involv-
ing $50 million dollars, the Presi-
dent summoned Ickes to the sum-
mer White House at Hyde Park,
N. Y, for a "heart-to-heart" talk.
Follows Hopkins Visit
The Secretary, who also serves
as PWA administrator, received
the Presidential summons a day
after Hopkins returned from a
weekend conference with the
Chief Executive.
The cruX of the disagreement
between Ickes and Hopkins lies in
the coast Of putting idle to work
on emergency projects. The aver
age amount expended for each
individual who is put to work on
PWA project approximates
$1,000 which Hopkins contends in
too high. The average perman
cost on the WPA projects is ap-
proximately $500.
Since Hopkins is one of the
three key men in the administra-
ton of the 1000 million dollar
works program by which the
President hopes to put 3,500,O00
idle to work by November /, his
opposition to the more expensive
PWA projects has caused them to
be shelved indefinitely.
On the other hand, he has
passed Loaf million dollars in
WPA projects to the allotment
board which in turn already has
transmitted nearly 700 millions
of them to the President.
Ickes Answers Hopkins
Communities throughout the
United States have applied for
1900 million dollars in loans and
grants from the PWA program &C.
cording to the latest tabulation.
Replying to another objection
raised by Hopkins-that PWA
construction requires a long time
for completion-Ickes observed
partly:
"The PWA can put up a school
house or lay a sewer just as fast
as any other organization"
1ckeS added that he did not be-
lieve Hopkins had the power to
reject any projects and that the
1000 items in his program may
still be approved.
The Washington times., 1935-09-11
Wealth
Hmted i'm Fees
OF $25O,OOO

Estimates of Senator Huey
Longs wealth, made after his
death resulting from an assasin's
bullet, run as high as $4,000, 900, it
was revealed today.
Since Senator Long believed
that a rich man was not the type
people would choose to solve their
financial difficulties, he never
gave any exact estimates of his
wealth.
However, figures recently have
been revealed that give some in
dication of the Louisiana Senator's
income.
These figures represent the per-
centage the Senator was paid as
special counsel for the Louisiana
tax commission in collecting
taxes on corporatiens property
which he declared had not been
assessed, and also his fees as at
torney for the Louisiana public
service commission in prosecuting
utility rate reductions.
Records for the six months pre-
ceding Longs death show he re-
ceived $225,000 from the tax
commission and $125,00O from
the public service commission.
This total of S350,0O0, however,
represents only a part of his in
come.
Although Federal Government
income tax investigators had been
on Longs financial trail for sew.
eral years, he was never indicted
for tax evasion as were several
Of his followers.
The Senator owned two homes
in Louisiana-an expensive man
sion in the best residential dis
trict of New Orleans and a
$4,000 home in Shreveport,
where he formerly lived.
The Washington times., 1935-09-11
COUNTY COP.
GROUPS MEET

CLARENDON, Va, Sept. 11.-A
meeting Of the Arlington County
Republican Club, the County Re-
publican Committee and party
nominees was held in Moose Hall
in Clarendon, last night.
H. S. Omohundra was named
chairman Of the precinct cam
gaign organization committee.
Miss Sophie Baker is vice chair
man.
All nominees spoke at the con-
clusion of the business meeting,
expressing confidence in their
chances for success in the i'm
pending general election, Novem-
ber 5.
Plans for an aggressive cam
paign were outlined.
The Washington times., 1935-09-11
SHUSHAN SAYS
LONG EMPIRE
WILL REMAIN
Denies Allen Will Get
Senate Post; Hands
Foes a Warning
Copyright, 1885, by International
News SerVicel

BATON ROUGE, La, Sept. II.
The political machine that an
asSassin's bullet snatched from
the strong hands of Huey Long,
its fiery founder and spectacular
leader, is in no danger Of diSSolu-
ton, now or in this generation.
This was the firm declaration
today of Abe Shushan, New
Orleans capitalist and one Of the
murdered statesman's closest
friends and advisers, to 1nterna-
tional News Service in an ex-
elusive interview. He said:
"If the opposition thinks we
haven't got leaders, they will be
sadly mistaken. We've got good
men that can take them any.
time"
ALL HOT AIR
Mr.. Shushan said the Huey
Long machine will go forward in
the traditions of its dead leader.
"Au this talk about the party
being demOralized is just some
more hot air thrown out by the
opposition.
Senator Long built strong
organization. He picked able
leaders. We are going right
along.
Senator Longs death has
been a great shock to us all.
We aren't holding any meetings.
They aren't necessary. We
know what to do. Our one
thought right now is to pay the
respect to Senator Long that is
due a great leader who has been
fOully murdered"
Asked who will lead the party
in Senator Longs place, shushan
said:
why, Governor Allen, Of
course. He is governor and the
mantle of leadership naturally
devolves on him."
Shushan said no decision has
been reached regarding the va
cancy created in the United States
Senate by Longs sudden death.
Spikes Allen Rumor
He spiked rumors that Governor
Allen plans resigning In favor of
Lieut.. Governor James A. Noe, who
in turn, as governor, would name
Allen to the Senate for the interim
appointment.
Senator Longs term would have
expired in 1886. The regular State
primary election is next January.
Asked pointedly whether Allen
would succeed Long, ShuShan re-
piled:
"NO, I don't think So"
Shushan said that the party's
course was laid down by Senator
Long.
"And we will follow it.
"The opposition is saying we
are falling to pieces because we
aren't holding any meetings.
They are mistaken and will
find it so if they make any
move.
WAIT TILL LATER
eve aren't holding any meet
ings. That's true. Why Sena-
tor Long isn't even buried yet.
His death has been such a
shock to us all that naturally we
aren't doing anything in the
way of meetings. Our duty is
to him first. Later we will see
about other things"
The Washington times., 1935-09-11
FIiers Are Rescued
After Living II Days
In Far North on Beans

EDMONTON, Alta, Sept. II
GNS).-Another grim rescue in
the frozen North was related when
radio messages announced Pilot
Con Farrell, famed Canadian Air
ways flier, and his mechanic,
Frank Hartley, missing for the
past II days, had been found by
Pilot Matt Berry.
The two fliers had run into a
terrific blizzard in a flight to
Muskox Lake.
The ship was landed on an
island so barren they could find
neither fish nor game. They ex-
listed on beans.
The Washington times., 1935-09-11
Ickes Presses Fight
Against Hopkins

Guffey was Democratic State
Chairman Lawrence.
While waiting the Ickes show
down, President and Mrs. RooSe-
velt entertained at a picnic,
staged at the Waikiki cottage.
The Washington times., 1935-09-11
Laborers on Strike
Picket NaVin Field

DETROIT, Sept. II GN.S).
Sixty-five laborers building world
series" bIeachers at Navin Field,
home of the Detroit Tigers base
ball team, walked out on strike to-
day and began picketing the ball
park.
Union leaders said sympathy
strikes" of laborers at st. Louis
and Kansas City were ordered.
They declared they had no OBJ
lection to the pay of so cents an
hour, but demanded the contractor
recognize the union.
The Washington times., 1935-09-11
FREE SPEECH
TO CONTINUE
IN SENATE
Efforts to Curb Debate
To Be Dropped With
,Huey Longs Death
International News Service

1ntofmauOnHI NcWB SeEVICO
The assassination of Senator
Huey Long will preserve freedom
of speech without limitation in
the United States Senate, it was
predicted today.
A strong movement to change
old Senate rules appeared certain
to collapse with the death of the
Louisiana Senator and his filibuS-
terS.
Had he lived the Senate would
have been the scene Of a bitter
fight over this question. And it
appeared likely that the Senate
would finally abandon the rules
which make it "the greatest delib-
erative body in the world" and
place restrictions on individual
Senators just to muzzle Long.
FiIibuSter Recalled
Immediately after the recent
session Of Congress ended in q
six-hour filibuSter by Long
against reversal of the Senate's
stand for 12-cent cotton and
wheat loans. Senator Robinson
Of Arkansas, Democratic leader,
announced that he would pro-
pose changes in the rules.
The first amendment. it was
indicated, would be to limit the
time one Senator can speak on
an appropriation bill. It was the
third deficiency bill, carrying
funds for the security program,
that Long killed by his filibuster.
So great was the Administra-
tion's resentment against the
tactics of the Senator that all
its power was to be thrown be-
hind the rules change.
Denied Killing Bill
Filibusters by individuals or
small groups, using the right Of
unlimited debate as a weapon,
have often changed the course
Of history. 1t was such a fight
that prevented the United States
from entering the League OF Ma
tionS.
Senator Long was prepared to
fight for the present rules when
the Senate reconvenes. He main
tained he did not kill the third
deficiency bill-that the Admins
tration did it. He offered to sit all
night to discuss the bill before
voting, and not adjourn until it
was passed. But the Senate al
ready had voted to adjourn and
would not rescind its action.
Longs friends pointed out that
he was taken off his feet at one
time because of an unparlia-
mentary remark. The Senate
voted overwhelmingly to let him
continue-and thus to let him
keep up the filibuster.
The Washington times., 1935-09-11
LONGS BODY
LIES IN STATE
(continued from Page -

(Continued from Page -
ing the plan, we're announced by
Seymour Weiss, one of the Sen.
ator's most intimate advisers.
State Shocked
Shocked by Longs death,
which came shortly after 4 a. m.
yesterday following a grim cour-
ageous battle against a bullet that
pierced his abdomen, the State
lay today under a pail Of tragedy.
The Senator was shot Sunday
night in a corridor Of the capitol
by DIR. Carl Weiss, jr., brilliant
but cratic eye specialist. Weiss
was slain on the spot by Senator
Longs bodyguard. his body ripped
by many bullets.
The Senator's assassination left
the political machine he con-
trolled with an iron hand, shaky
and trembling.
So absolute was Longs sway
over his organization that politi.
cal observers freely predicted it
would gradually fall to pieces Of
it's own weight, unless some strong
leader should rise Unexpectedly
to take Longs place.
For the moment there was no
one in sight.
Allen Heads Party
Gov. oscar Allen, by virtue Of
his office, became the acting
titular head of the political clan,
badly demoralized by the shock
of the tragedy that struck their
leader down.
Reports, in the face of a denial
by Allen, persisted that the gov.
ernor intends resigning his office
in favor of Lieut.. Gov. James
Noe, to fill the Senate seat left
vacant by Longs death. Noe, it
was understood. would give Allen
the interim appointment.
Administration sources, how
ever, insisted the plan is not to
fill the vacancy until the next
regular session out of respect for
the murdered Senator.
Bowed under their grief, the
Long forces gave no immediate
indication of breaking up into
rival camps in a fight for the
organizations helm.
Legislators Garry On
The legislature carried on its
special session without pause, after
Long was felled, and even yester-
day when he succumbed to his
wound. The 81 bills Long favored
to further consolidate his dictator
ship were approved by the Senate
finance committee and sent to the
house. Both bodies were to meet
again today.
Governor Allen, after a confer
ence with Longs lieutenantS, an
nounced that the Senator's poll
cies would be continued without
change. The legislature appeared
determined to clean up its work
quickly with unanimous enact
ment of the Long-sponsored legis-
lation.
Forces opposed to the Long ma
chine were believed too weak at
present to make any dent in the
well-knit organization Long built
and dominated,
The Washington times., 1935-09-11
80 STATES 0. K.
7 R |C
ADVISORS
Sec. Roper's Approval
Awaited; PWA Fund
Will Be Used

A national corps Of volunteer
traffic advisors" who will study
the nations highways to warn
motorists and pedestrians of the
perilS lurking at bad curves and
other specific danger points
seemed imminent today with the
receipt at the Department of
Commerce Of approval of the pro-
posal from 80 States.
The plan now being perfected
by traffic experts at the depart.
ment is expected to go to Secre-
tary Roper for his final sigma
ture tomorrow. BY that time,
Commerce officials believe five
more States will have Joined the
move.
The volunteers, it was learned,
are to be hired for one year and
are to be paid from PWA funds.
Their work will be purely ad.
viSory, it was explained, and no
police powers will be granted
members Of the corps.
awaits hOpefS ". H.
Application for ALLEGATION Of
the PWA funds will be made i'm.
mediately on Ropers approval.
A supporter of the plan out
lined the corps activities as fol.
lows:
"These men will be stationed
ut dangerous corners, curves
and intersections throughout
the country. They will also be
employed where special con-
structiOn projects are under.
way.
"The necessity of such protec-
tion to the public has long been
recognized, and the employment
Of these volunteers will sUbStan-
tally reduce the nations ter
rifle toll of life and limb through
accidents"
VAN DUZER BACKS 1T
District Of Columbia Traffic
Director William A. Van Duzer
placed the District Squarely
behind the proposal today with a
request that 20 Of the volunteers
be recruited here for work on
the streets and roadways of Wash.
ington.
Although the Director as
serts that he has no outstandingly
traffic spots, he told
The Times that circles, intersec-
lions and construction sites will
receive most Of the attention of
the volunteers.
The Washington times., 1935-09-11
Frederick Licenses

FREDERICK, Md, Sept. II.
The following marriage licenses
have been issued here: Robert
B. Wells, 81, and Evelyn B.
Bittle, 18, both of Washington,
D. c.: Milton o. Brill, AZ. and
Mabel C. Schmidt, IS. both OF
Washington, D. c.: Hoke Smith
Naples, %, washington, D. c.,
and Dorothy Brown, 20, Connells-
vile, Pa: Ager B. Goodman, Al,
and Dorothy A. Montgomery. "a,
both of Washington.
The Washington times., 1935-09-11
(continued from Page ~

CONTINUED from Page l.
tired, overworked men. One sug-
geStion made here today was that
both should take a vacation and
freshen up from the terrific grind
Of the past two years.
Guffey to Discuss Coal Bill
Another caller today was Sen
ator Joseph Guffey CD Of
Pennsylvania, author of the dis
puted act setting up a little NRA
in the coal industry. The Presi-
dent soon must appoint five mem
bers to the board administering
this act and it was anticipated
they would discuss the personnel
of the new board.
Pennsylvania politics also was
in for an airing. Accompanying
The Washington times., 1935-09-11
German Beauty Gets
Prison Term As Spy

BREST, France, Sept. II
I.N.SO Lydia Oswald. blonde
German beauty, who abandoned
espionage when she fell in love
with a French naval officer from
whom she sought national defense
secrets, was sentenced to nine
months in prison today on charges
Of espionage.
Lieut.. Jean de Forceville, on
whom the 28-year-old spy pinned
her affections, and Ensign Rene
Guignard, were acquitted by the
naval court which sentenced the
girl. Fraulein Oswald had asso-
ciated with both officers.
The Washington times., 1935-09-11
Six Congress Members
To Attend Funeral

Bearing a floral wreath, a spe.
cial committee of four Senators
and two Representatives will at
tend funeral services for Senator
Huey P. Long at Baton Rouge
tomorrow.
Vice President Garner desig
mated Senators John H. Overton
(D), Of Louisiana; Mrs. Hattie
w. Caraway CD, of Arkansas;
Elmer Thomas CD, Of Okla
homa, and Thomas D. Schall
(RO. of Minnesota, to attend.
Speaker ByrnS sent word he
would designate two Represents
tiveS. j.
The Washington times., 1935-09-11
Portugal Arrests
Political Leaders

LONDON, Sept. II UNSO.
Numerous prominent leaders Of
the Portuguese Conservative, Mon
archiSt and National SyndicaliSt
parties were arrested today on
charges Of planning a revolution.
ary movement, according to a
Reuter- dispatch from Lisbon,