davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1935-05-08

Bronson Cuttings death robs Con-
gress of the member who inherited
Henry Cabot Lodges mantle as the
scholar of the Senate. Devoted to
politics and public affairs as he was,
the New Mexican's talents and pre-
dilections were essentially of the in
tellectual order. He was an omniv-
orous student, especially of the
classics, and. as an accomplished
linguist, delved into them in several
languages. Senator Cuttings last
constructive activity had to do with
educational affairs. 1t was due to his
pressure that some $40 10000 was
earmarked in the S4,880, ,000,0 work
relief bill for keeping public schools
open in several States which no longer
had funds for that purpose. Cuttings
cultural hobbies included anthr0-
pology and archaeology. His Senate
colleagues agreed that no member Of
that body faced a more promising
political career than the Long Island
aristocrat. who, equipped with a
Groton and Harvard education, sought
the wide open spaces of the Southwest
as a field OF activity from which he
emerged into national prominence
Reputedly offered the secretaryship of
the Interior in the Roosevelt cabinet,
Cutting preferred to remain in Con-
gress and in an Independent position
which was destined. his friends be-
lieved. to take him far as a leader of
the liberal movement.
X + +
Former Representative Dennis Cha
vez, Democrat who is scheduled to
inherit the Cutting seat, was born at
almost the same time as the late
Senator. Chavez was Al last month
and Cutting would have been Al in
June. The incoming New Mexico
member will return to familiar haunts,
for he was clerk of the Senate in
1918. After that service at the
Capitol Mr.. Chavez took law degree
at Georgetown University and entered
practice at Albuquerque, later becom-
ing a member of the State Legisla-
ture He was elected to the Seventy
second Congress and served two terms
in the House of Representatives. With
Mr.. Chavez's arrival in the Senate the
Democrats will marshal total Of 20
seats and thus be within two of con-
trolling the Upper House by a three
quarters majority. the largest held by
any party since the Civil War The
Republican roster will register new
low of "a seats.
Federal air authorities don't expect
that the plane crash that cost Sen
ator Cutting his life will seriously
affect air passenger travel, which is
steadily on the increase throughout
the country The disaster will prob
ably tend to restrict reservations,
especially for long-diStance trips, for
the time being. That is a normally
psychological result but one that is
generally of only ephemeral conse-
ouence. Steamship navigation and
railroading went through precisely
the same experiences in their devel-
opment stages. American air travel
has a confidence-inspiring safety rec
ord and Uncle Sans air -mindedness
will not be curbed by such tragedies
as the one that has just shocked the
country.
When Secretary Morgenthau is
broadcasting next Monday night on
the subject of 1.-THE American Dollar"
Evening star., 1935-05-08

The introduction of the submarine
menace makes it look little like the
same old war in spite of armistice as
Surances.
Evening star., 1935-05-08

More pensions mean more taxes,
and the idea loses some of its philan-
thropic aspect as it becomes another
of those problems of distribution.
Evening star., 1935-05-08

Gen. Hugh johnson, Senator Huey
Long, Father Couehlin, DIR. Townsend,
Upton Sinclair and others currently
in the public eye.
(Copyrtght. 1880
Evening star., 1935-05-08

Jud Tunkins says sinners used to
walk in darkness, but the underworld
now dances IN electric lights.
Evening star., 1935-05-08

A Plow.Under Need.
From the South Bend Tribune.
What this country needs Is an
A. A. A. dandelion control campaign.
Evening star., 1935-05-08

In the process of cracking down old
friend Ultimate Consumer is again ex-
periencing a series of dull thuds.
Evening star., 1935-05-08
Necessarily in the Neighborho0d.

Necessarily in the Neighborhood.
do you think this country would
get into another warp"
IF there is another war;" said Miss
Cayenne, well be in it to some ex-
tent. Well at least try to manage our
selves so as to remain safely on the
same earth with it,
Evening star., 1935-05-08

Appearances.
A stately Office building white
With uniforms Is filled.
The desks and carpets make sight
BY which the eye is thrilled.
Yet, while all faithfully we try
To wait and feel secure,
You cannot judge a statesman by
His Office furniture.
Evening star., 1935-05-08
Pocket Plenty.

Pocket Plenty.
From the Pontiac (Mich.) Daily Press.
With the way the price of silver II
mounting any rattle in the pocket II
going to sound like opulence.
Evening star., 1935-05-08
Stormy Weather

Stormy Weather.
The duststorm and rainstorm
Come threatening to view.
The hog storm and the grain storm
Bid farmers pause anew.
The loss storm and the gain storm
In commerce we'll subdue,
But once you start q brain storm
It may never more be throughi
when dey puts gangster in jail,
said Uncle Eben, "it sometimes DOM
seem to do no more dan make hi
friends on de outside show q meanel
disposition dan ever"
Evening star., 1935-05-08

When Secretary Morgenthau is
broadcasting next Monday night on
the subject of 1.-THE American Dollar"
the hour will be ripe for him to dis
cuss the Treasury steps that will be
necessary If the Pstman bonus bill
were to become law either with or
without the Presidents signature.
Evening star., 1935-05-08
Member of the Associated Press.

titled to the for republication of all
news dispatches credited to it or not other
wise. credited in this paper and also the
publication of special dispatches herein
are also reserved
Evening star., 1935-05-08
The Evening Star Newspaper Company

11th st and Pennsylvania Ave.
New York ONCE: 10 East 42nd st.
Chica 90 once: Lake Michigan Building
European ONCE: IA Regent ST.. London.
England
Evening star., 1935-05-08

'The American Messiahs," by the
anonymous "Unofacial Observer" who
wrote 1.-The New Dealers" in 1884. Is
the name of book to be published at
the end Of May. It viii be devoted to
Evening star., 1935-05-08

Rate by Mail-Payablei in Advance.
MARYLAND and virginia.
Evening star., 1935-05-08
Rate by Carrier Within the City.
RnOular EAifior

KA0CC Uy OdTTTCI VVIIHIu V11C CIGys
Regular Edition.
The Evening Star . .45c per month
The Evening ana Sunday Star
(when SundayS) 60c per month
The Evening and Sunday Star
fwhen 5 sundays .65c per month
The Sunday Star ar.........5 &c per COPY
Night Final Edition.
Night Final and Sunday Star zoe per month
Collection made at the end OF each
month. Orders may be sent by mail or
telephone National 5000.
Evening star., 1935-05-08

@. Whose efforts were referred to as
dollar diplomacy?-M. r.
A. The attempt of Philander Chase
Knox to use the influence of the State
Department to encourage and extend
American financial and commercial
interests. especially in Latin America.
Evening star., 1935-05-08

@. When was the trudgen stroke
invented in swimming?-R. j. P.
A. ]. Trudgen made this stroke
prominent in England in 1873, but
the stroke had been discovered by
elias. a writer on swimming, in 1925.
1t was then referred to as a thrust.
Evening star., 1935-05-08

@. Since the earth is not a perfect
sphere, what term describes its
shape?-G. E. C.
A. 1t is approximately an oblate
spheroid.
Evening star., 1935-05-08

@. How long has agricultural drain
tile been used in this country?-C. N.
A. 1t was introduced in 1885, when
John Johnston imported some from
Scotland and installed it on his farm
near Geneva, N. Y,
Evening star., 1935-05-08

@. Please give a description of Ju-
Illus CaeSar.-B. j.
A Caesar was tall and rather thin,
with a thoughtful, pale face. His eyes
were black, he wore no beard, and in
the latter part of his life he was bald.
Evening star., 1935-12-29

New Year eve fancy dress party among
the artists and writers at the Five Arts
Club. The group in the foreground
comprises Mr.. Art Snorer, whose 30
foot nude entitled "Bedevilment" won
the Eliza Snodgrass prize last year; Mrs.
Sarah Beebe Bugby, author of "The
Pussy Winkie Series" for children, and
Mr.. Paul Finnegan Maybe, author of the
farce (unproduced) Little Miss Plaster
of Paris"
Evening star., 1935-12-29

A SAILORS LIFE. Even
In December these California
sailorettes enjoy the thrill of
a tugging sheet in a practice
spin for the holiday regatta
at Newport Harbor, Calf.
@ Associated Press Photo.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1935-03-28

my tie Associated Press)
Dallas -lIingfish Lcvinsky, 2M.
Chicago, oatpointed Babe Hunt.
~. Ponca City, Okla. (10).
r Iarcql0na, spain-Freddie Mil
n, l2ok, Cincinnati. outpointed
Ouadrinl ~, italy. d0j.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1935-03-28
HEAVYWEIGHT FIGHT SITUATION
GROWS INCREASINGLY COMPLEX

closed the 1888 campaign with IN
American League average Of $40.
Travis hit .3l0 In 1894, despite .
beaning by Thornton Lee Of the In
dams in early May that put him out
for several weeks. and . leg injury
suffered later.
Rookie Gardeners Can HIT
But Travis isn't the only player
Harris has in camp over whom he
can wax joyful. He has q couple Of
rookie outfielders who can clout the
apple in big league fashion.
One is Jake Powell. who hit .356
with Albany last season, and the
other Is Fred Sington, the former Al
ALBANIA All-America football player,
who compiled an average Of .326 with
the same club.
Both youngsters are pretty sure to
stick around to help out Manush,
Fred Schultz, and Johnny Stone with
outfield duties.
The infield will be made up Of Joe
Kuhel at first. II his ankle. broken
last year. is sound: Buddy Myer at
second, and Lyn Larry at short. Larry
, has big task to fill In replacing Joe
Cronin, but he has assured Harris he
can turn the trick.
Cliff Bottoms job as first-string
catcher is endangered by Jim Hol-
brook, and Jack Redmond, = couple
Of rockies. The former comes from
Chattanooga and the latter from
Birmingham.
Pitching will be handled by Earl
Whitehill. ace Of the staff: Walter
Stewart. Leon Petit, q rookie, Ray
Prim, and Bob Burke, left-handers;
Bumps Hadley, obtained from the
/ Browns. Monte Weaver, Ed Linke,
Jack Russell, and AL Thomas, right
handlers.
Prim Is likely to be returned to the
minors, as his record with the Sen.
ators and Albany last season was far
from impressive.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1935-03-28
CINCINNATI ROOKIE
HURLERS WIN FIRST
RANK ASSIGNMENTS
Work Of Hollingsworth, Schott
and Herman Buoy Pitch
ing Prospects
FIRST BASE is PROBLEM
Kid InfieId Finds kampouris
at Second. Myers at Short,
Riggs at Third

Tampa, Fla, March 28.-ta0-In
sharp but interesting contrast TO the
Boston Braves dramatic experiment
with glorified age. just across the bay
the Cincinnati Reds are concentrate
ing almost exclusively on the develop
ment of youthful baseball talent OF
the Grade "a" or IA" variety, with
an ear to the ground and an eye for
the future.
The Reds will find it extremely diff
ficult to fight their way out of the
National League cellar. while they
have been kicking around for the past
four years, despite the new spirit and
enthusiasm generated under the lead
ership of Charlie Dresser.
The work of AL Hollingsworth and
Gene Schott, both obtained from To-
ronto, and Leroy Herman. right
handler who wen q games for San
Francisco last season. has been SUI
ficientlv note-w worthy TO clinch regular
jobs for them and buoy the pitching
prospects.
All of which means that the FINGERS
who figure to have the preference on
past performances, including Paul
Derringer, ST johnson, Danny Mac
Fayden. Tony Freitas and Bonnie
Frey, will have to hustle to keep from
being elbowed out Of the list of start
ing pitchers.
Mizc Is Problem
The one problem still unsolved by
Manager Dresser is whether Johnny
Mize will be lit to handle the regular
first base job.
If Mize is turned back. the veteran
Jim Bottomley will be restored to &C
tive duty.
The Reds are satisfied with the rest
Of their kid i2field including Alex
Kampouris at second base, the SEN
sational Billy Myers at short and Lew
Riggs on third. with Tony Piet and
Gordon Slade rs utility men.
The outfield will combine expert
ence and the teams main hopes OF
batting punch with Chick Hafey in
left. Sam Byrd in center and the
Rochester rookie. Wal Goodman, il
right. Harlin Pool and Adam Comor-
Sky will DE in reserve.
Bill Campbell, now recovered from
Influenza. looks fit and capable o!
sharing the backstopping with Ernie
lombard. booming hitter.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1935-03-28
Arena Girls Quint
Wins Cage Honors
Defeat Wing in Championship
Game for Consolidated
High School Title

Sterling. N. D.. March 2s.-Arena
girls won the championship of the
first Burleigh county consolidated
girls basketball tournament defeating
Wing. % to l3. in tie final game.
Sterlng's second team quint turned
back Mckenzie. % to IA: Arena and
Sterling's first string tied with Arena
winning in the playoff. 10 to IA. and
Criscoll turned back Menoken, 26 to
7. in the first round.
Second round games found Wing
scoring 80 TO % victory over the
Sterling second team. Sterling con-
quering Menoken. SO to 8; Arena de-
feating Drjscoll. q to Is: Sterling's
first team beating Mckenzie. SO to IA:
Menoken outsccring Mckenzie. and
Eriscoll downing the Sterling second
team. Al to e.
The championship trophy was pre-
sented to Elsie Eide. captain Of the
Arena team Three consecutive VIC
tories will give school permanent
possession of tho trophy Wing took
second place. Drisooll. third: Ster-
ling second team. fourth: Sterling
first team. fifth. Menoken. sixth and
Mckenzie, seventh.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1935-03-28
Latest Rumors Say 6aer Will
Defend Title Against SchmeI-
ing in Europe

New York, March 28.-(R-A flock
Of more or less conflicting stories
added . little more confusion Thurs
day to the heavyweight boxing situa-
ton. which already has become too
complicated for most fight fans to
follow.
According to one story negotiations
between Walter Rothenberg, German
promoter, and Ancil Hoffman. man
ager Of champion Max Baer, had
progressed to the point where Roth
enberg's representative was on his
way to New York with contracts that
would give Baer $250, 900 to meet Max
Schmeling in Europe this summer.
Meanwhile Jimmy Braddock. left
out Of consideration by the Garden.
signed with Mike Jacobs Twentieth
Century Sporting club. He probably
will be matched with the winner Of
the Primo Ca-nera-Joe Louis fight
under Jacobs promotion in June.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1935-03-28
Il Steeplechasers
Groomed for Rae.
Irish Sweepstakes Winners Wi u
Be Known After Grand
National Friday

London. Eng, March 28.-(Pl-With
distribution of more than eight million
dollars Ringing on the outcome.
twenty-seven horses, five Of them
hmerican-owneo,. went through their
final workouts Thursday in prepara-
ton for the grand national steeple-
chase at Aintree Friday.
The prize to the winner is not great.
only about $4,000. but to the IA hold
ers OF the tickets on the winner in
the Irish Hospital Sweepstakes will
60 more than s15o.000 each. These
holding tickets on the second and
third horses will receive smaller for
tunes.
Experts believe the race lies among
Dorothy Pagat.s Golden Miller. last
years winner and top-veight of the
field Will, the assignment of ITS
pounds: John Hay Whitney's Amer
ican-owned Thomond End. third In
the 1884 running: and F. E. Peek's
Tapnoise. lightly weighted, French
bred jumper.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1935-03-28

The oc-chemical impulses by
which nerves carry messages from
one part of the body to another have
been found to travel at the rate of
400 feet q second.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1935-03-28
Imps' Record Is Good

aHpo keCNUtU ~ OUOU
Revealing some fine material which
will be pressed into service when the
call is sounded for the first basketball
practice next year. the Imps, Bis
marck high school reserves. outsco, ed
their opponents in 10 of the is games
played
Bob Tavls vas the leading scorer
for the Imps with 66 points as the
Demon second team piled up 29O
points to their opponents 256 total.
Helmuth Clausnitzer came second
with 81. Raymond Yeasley counted A.
John Abbott %. James Burckhardt
Is, Elferd Elofson "a. Melvin Peterson
-, Arlen Schultz and Lester Kelly.
two each. Two other members OF the
Imp squad We're Bob Brandenburg
and Jack Bowers.
The seasons summary:
Imps Is, Hebron 6.
Imps 20. Wilton %.
| Imps II. Hebron 8.
Imps 20. Papooses IL.
Imps l8. Steele 8.
Imps Is. Saints 10.
Imps IL, Dawson rs.
/, Imps 81, Steele is.
Imps Is, Wilton TO-
ImpS 10, Hazelton 81.
Imps "a. C.Wson 20.
| Imps 81, Saints Is.
! Imps q, Hazelton 81
Imps 10, Proposes 16.
Imps Is, Saints 20.
/ Imps 8, State Training School IS.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1935-03-28
YOUTHFUL MANAGER
ENTHUSIASTIC over
HITTING Of ROCKIES
Powell and Sington Ready to
Help Out Manush, Schultz,
Stone in 0utfield
CATCHERS SHOW PROMISE
Joe kuhel to Take Over First,
Buddy Myer, Second and
Lyn Larry, Short

Biloxi. Miss. March 28.-tNEA)--
Joe Engel certainly can dig 'em up"
remarked Bucxy Harris. as the rangy
Cecil Travis shot a three-base hit in
to right field.
Harris. happy in his new-old assign
ment as manager of the Washington
Americans, says the 22-year-old Ira
Wis is just catching up with major
league pitching.
"And when Travis does eaten up
with it. what shellacking it is going
to take" smiles Harris. If Travis
pulls consistently, he'll be 400 hit
ter"
Yes. Joe Enyel certainly can dig
EN- up.
Not yet 81. and with only season
and half of professional experience,
Travis beat Ossie Bluege, one Of the
finest third basemen in baseball, out
Of his Job with the Senators.
Engel paid Kid Elberfield $500 for
Travis in the spring of 1881. Clark
Griffith asserts that he wouldn't take
SIPS 900 for the young Georgian now.
but there's never any way Of telling
what the Old Fox might do. Grit
fith's only regret is that he had but
one son-in- law. Joe Cronin. to sell to
the Boston Red SoX at $250,000 a
crack.
But getting back to Joe Engel -
My Pop Choe' certainly can dig EN-
up. The Washington scout not only
knows ball player when he sees one,
but has the happy faculty Of being on
the ground when one arrives.
Engcl stumbled into Elberfields
baseball school at Atlanta four years
ago on the morning that a gangling
kid In blue overalls and tennis shoes
hoped off an old truck and sought
admittance. His name was Cecil
Travis and he came from the cotton
fields around Riverdale, GA.
| Hits Three Homcruns
Travis didn't have to be in uniform
to look like ball player. He hi
three home runs in his blue overalls
and tennis shoes the first day. anc
became the property of the Chatta-
nooga club Of the Southern Associa-
ton. Of which Engel finds time to bt
president while carrying on his foxy
| foraging.
Engel sent Travis TO the Newport
Tenn, club, member Of a semi-pro-
fessional circuit. with which the cot.
ton picker hit .430. Travis reported
to the Chattanooga club in Septem.
Der, and compiled an average OF AN
for its remaining games.
Travis helped bat Chattanooga t.
a Southern Association pennant with
a mark of 1862 in 1882.
Cecil trained with the Senators a
Biloxi in 1893. and hit .352 when re-
turned to Chattanooga.
Washington recalled Travis in mid
season of that remnant winning year
and in the first big league game tn
young man ever saw he made five hit!
in five times 4. bat against Oral Hill
debrand. star Of the Cleveland In
dams. Travis has been Washington
No. third sacker ever since. HI
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1935-03-28
Comet Cagers Elect
Schwartz C0-Captain

Mayville, n D., March 28.-August
Schwartz OF Bismarck and Joe Aasen
Of Hatton were chosen co-captains Of
the 1856 Comet basketball teams
at the annual banquet which wound
up the season at the Mayville State
Teachers college.
Coach Levy Lee was toastmaster.
He discussed plans for new ath.
letic field and stadium. schwartz
and Aasen responded with toaSts.
Short talks also were made by Pres.
10. G. Swain and the members Of the
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1935-03-28
Crippled Giants
GET Bad Breaks
Stout's AiIment Diagnosed as
Measles; Moore's Charley
Horse Is Worse
tBy the Associated Press

Mobile, Ala.--The New York Giants
rripples are having their troubles
Mel OFT. Who had a sore right heel
hit himself on the toe With a bat
ted ball; Joe Moore's charley horse
was aggravated Wednesday when he
got in front OF a pitched ball. and
Allyn Stout, his ailnent having been
diagnosed as German measles, has
been severed from the squad until
he RECEIVERS.
Orlando, F1a--Now that it's too
late to do anything. the Dodgers have
begun to wonder how Pat Malone
got out of the National league. Man
ager Casey STENCIL said he didn't
agree to waiver and Business Man.
ager Bob Quinn. who revealed that
Brooklyn had refused to waive on
Malone last winter. said he didn.
know how 1t happened. Both agreed
the big hurler might have come in
handy had he been claimed from st.
Louis.
Chattanooga T'enn.-Connie Mack S
Athletics meet Chattanooga Thurs
day in their tour Of the southern
conference.
Sarasota, Fla.-The Red Sox left
early for winter haven to visit the
Phillies. Walberg or Hockette will
start, Manager Joe Cronin says, but
the interest here is in Fridays bat
terry, not Thursdays. For on Friday
Lefty Grove, the Red Sox enigma
will greet the Phillies here, in re.
turn game.
Bradenton. Fla.-A month ago the
Cardinals were the cockiest team il
baseball: Thursday they were thu
most subdued. Detroit put the fin.
ishing touches to debating their ego
falling on the Deans for IL hits ane
q Is to 8 victory Wednesday.
Biloxi. Miss.-The Washington
Senator's were packing Thursda.
primed for q transforming tour be-
fore entering the seasons seriou
baseball wars.
Phoenix, Ariz.-Al Simmons, VIII
hasn't failed to hit 800 or better II
q regulation season since he came VI
70 the American league. is on his wa,
to new low In spring hitting. An
other Of his specialties. The hart
hitting White Sox outfielder .ha
cracked out only two hits In q time
IT hat 20 tar.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1935-03-28
Saints Lead Twin City
Hockey PlayOff Seri es

st. Paul, March 28.-lF)-St. Paul
took two game to one lead in the
Central League hockey playoffs by
defeating Minneapolis here Wedlles-
day night. s-3. and advanced to
position where it can clinch the
championship by winning the next
game at Minneapolis Friday night.
The play. pushed into high speed at
the very outset when Emory Han son
scored on combination play fter
less than mirutc end half OF play,
continued at torrid pace until the
Millers scored their final marker with
the final session tlrec-quarters gone
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1935-03-28
DEMONS AVERAGE Is POINTS
EACH GAME in CAGE SEASON

athletic board, A. C. Berg and H. E.
Murphy.
Schwartz is a graduate OF Bismarck
high school where he won letters in
football basketball and track. He
played center on the basketball squad.
end on the football team and placed
first one year in the high jump at
the state track and field meet held
at the University.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1935-03-28
BAER WILL GO EAST

Sacramento, CAL, March 28.-R-
Max Baer will leave for the east
Thursday night to talk some more
about where. when and against whom
he viii defend his heavyweight box.
ing crown.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1935-03-28
Seven Taylor Cagers
Given Letter Awards
(SpeCial TO the Tribune)

Taylor, N. D., March 28.-(Re
Seven basketball lettermen were
named at Taylor high school follow
ing Q season in which the local quint
suffered only one setback.
Lettermen named are Halvorsor,
Ingold, Gabe. Helmer, Fuchs, Erb-
stroesser and Hutchinson. Three Of
these, Gabe. Helmer and Hutchinson,
will be lost by graduation leaving four
cagers as q nucleus for the 1855
quint.
Taylor annexed two trophies dur
ing the season, defeating New Salem
in the Slope Conference finals and