davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-05-25
MAY 25, 1885

duced TO day laborers and paid a
minimum wage Of IS TO rs cents
a day for the actual days they labor,
and nothing for the days they can't
work.
Form Union, Then Thown Out
Their condition has thus been
made worse than that Of sharecrop-
pers. The government subsidy has
provided the planter with the cash
to pa. wages. and although cotton
is up. wages on the farm so down.
We give a concrete example OF its
working. A certain landlord had
1000 acres cultivated in cotton. BY
the cotton reduction contract, his
cotton acreage was cut 40 per cent.
for which the government paid him
$1,000. BY this reduction about l35
families were adversely affected;
among these were the best men on
the farm and some who had been
there for years.
Some Of them thought they were
entitled to a part of the money
paid By the government for the re-
duction of their crops and wrote
about it to the Secretary of Agri-
culture. Some organized a union to
secure their rights. These men we're
all removed from this farm.
If any one fact Of this situation
is more certain than any other, 1t
is this: That Federal aid to agri-
culture has not relieved, but has
sorely aggravated the most pressing
problem of the cotton states.
Tomorrow: A remedy suggested.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-05-25
CALIFORNIAN IS RANKED
NO. | u. S. RACING PILOT
Has Won Seven of Speed Evants;
Turner Next.

Lee Miles, a native Of California,
is the No. racing pilot in the
United States today, according 70
the annual ranking OF the National
Aeronautic ASSOCIATION. In II
speed events in which he has raced.
he has won seven. placed second
twice and third also twice. Col.
Roscoe Turner is ranked as No. 2
racing pilot with Roy Minor No. 3.
Harold Neumann- No. and Ralph
Bushey No. 5.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-05-25

deserted houses and barns. Still
others have moved to neighboring
towns to become charges on charity.
Congress passed the Agricultural
Adjustment Act to aid agriculture.
We all thought this act was in
tended to aid all classes-the plant
err, the managing share tenant. the
sharecropper and the day laborer.
Most Of us wanted to believe and
did believe that it was intended 70
aid most those who needed aid worst;
but the opposite has happened.
AS soon as the first reduction con-
tract was made the planters began
to maneuver to get all the money
paid by the government. New con-
tracts. between landlord and tenant,
were at once entered into, by which
the landlords secured all the money
paid by the government.
Defeats Own Purpose
SO we have the situation Of a
noble movement on the part Of the
government for the benefit Of agri-
culture so perverted and manipu-
lated as to defeat its main purpose.
Managing share-tenants who stood
up for their rights have been dis
charged, and other tenants obtained
who would agree for the landlord
to have all the rental. Since Negroes
are more submissive. many a white
sharecropper and renter who de-
manded his rights under the gov
eminent contract has been removed
to see his place filled by Negro.
But even this is not the saddest
part Of the story. Small renters
and sharecroppers have been re-
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-05-25
chief Of Air Service.


7 WROTE once before about the
l. various expressions which avia-
ton has developed and which are
peculiar to the conditions of flying.
There are scores of such expressions
and they usually sound freak
ish TO the uninitiated.
Well. see now that some Of this
aviation jargon is being used as
trade names. For instance. not long
ago a manufacturer wanted an I'M
usual name for his product. He
consulted an airline pilot about it
and the result was that the
word CAVU was chosen. CAVU
simply means in aviation, ceiling
and visibility unlimited"
All YOU Junior Aviators should
know the meaning of the phrases
and words used by pilots. Probably
YOU do know most of them but
here are some OF the more common
ones:
~Soupy" means lowering visibility.
Cans" are individual cylinders of
radial engines. such as are used on
practically all planes today. To
give her the gun means 10 adj
vance the throttle. To mush' IS
to descend slowly and fatty. over
the top means flying up in clear
sunshine with the earth covered by
an expanSe of clouds.
To zoom" is TO give the ship
power and climb steeply Incl
dentally a plane never ICONS"
down =. but always up. A "souped-
UP" engine is one in which the pow
er has been increased. A dead
stick landing" is made when the mo-
tor stops and the propeller is idle.
When a ship ground loops" 1t
doesn't loop Just above the ground
il simply swings around when
the brake on one wheel catches and
the other doesn't. for example.
Drag" and drift" are forces
which oppose : planes forward mo-
ton. Tho ~burble point" is the
point At which a curved wing is in
clineG 70 make it lose its efficiency.
Balancing surfaces" are the con-
t-Oi surfaces. The fire wall" is a
bulkheod 50 set as to isolate the en-
CINE compartment from the other
parts Of the plane.
QUESTION-What are barrage
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-05-25
BY c. T. CARPENTER
written For The indianapolis Times

MARKED TREE, Ark, May rs
The effect Of the Agricultural Ad-
justment Act on She sharecropper
system is exactly what might have
been expected.
Before its passage most Of the
plantations of the south were heav-
lily mortgaged. It was freely pro-
phesied that the plantation system
was breaking down under its own
weight and that the great planta-
tions would soon BIZ broken up into
small farms, owned by the people
who cultivate them.
If only this could have happened,
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-05-25
Even in Australia
they want %.

Manager; pub co.. land ST.
214-z7IEn aianspo9lA''
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-05-25
SHAREHOLDERS
HURT BY AAA,
WRITER CLAIMS
Benefit Payments Fiven to
Landlords, Who EViCt
Tenants. Is CHARGE.

Editors Note: This is the fourth Of
Ave articles bv Mr.. Carpenter. an at
torney of Market Tree and a graduate
Of the University OF Kentucky. who
has been repeatedly threatened with
violence for aiding the sharecroppers
He is attorney for the Cotton Tenant
Farmers Tniou
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-05-25

Tomorrow: A remedy suggested.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-05-25
TAIL UNIT.
o. 5. Has f'Sstest Air Liners

Air lines in the United States are
carrying air mail and passengers on
an average Of 80 miles per hour
faster tnan the air lines in Europe.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-05-25

SIR, ,us copies OF 3y I1s motor rs0'
last year vou would asSeaway souve
y: s4s. ;.'SlS' ''
ed1t t ccoratton pay covering sxp'"''
enclosed p'S' .
H.J Bryant [N NV
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-05-25

Pangborn Plans Nonstop Flight
Clyde PangbOrn is planning a
nonstop flight around the world. He
expects to accomplish it in the rec
ord breaking time of ia hours.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-05-25
MATERIALS:


neers IN trials.
MATERIALS:
Two pieces Of balsa isxl-l6Xl8
inches for wing and landing gear.
One piece of Is inch square by Is
inches balsa for trailing edge OF
wing
one piece of balsa 1-32x2xl8
inches for wing ribs.
Seven pieces OF balsa 1-i6-inch
square by Is inches for fuselage and
tail units.
one piece of balsa 116X2xl8
inches for wing tips, etc.
one foot of No. O20 music wire
for landing gear. front and rear rub
Der hooks and tail skid.
One sheet of japanese tissue.
one sheet OF CellOphane.
one small bottle of cement.
One small bottle Of banana oil or
tissue cement.
Two balsa wheels, inch in diam
eter and 5-16 inches wide.
one propeller block ssxlx6 inches.
one nose plug block saX'axss
inches.
one rear plug block lxlS-l6x%
inches.
Four feet Of is-inch flat rubber
for motor.
FUSELAGE
The fuselage Is constructed en-
hQAEl
Build the two sides first and when
they are completed cement the
croSspieces in the proper positions
forming width of fuSelage. The
nose and rear plugs are cut out next
from A block of medium-weignt
balsa. On the nose plug marx the
center point and drill or force a
hole for the propeller shaft. Like
wise mark the rear plug but IN
drilling or forcing the hole, note
that IL is slightly of center. The
Is 70 afford the propeller the proper
torque.
Now cover the fuselage with Ja-
panese tissue applying the tissue 10
one side at a time Not that the
upper part Of the fuSelage. or he
cabin windows. are covered with
cellcphane. Apply this as YOU would
tissue.
LANDING GEAR
This gear on this model is of very
simple construction. The details
are very clearly shown in the dla-
cram. The axle for The wheels also
acts as a reinforcement for the
main strut. being cemented the :ull
length on the interSi6e. The gear
Is cemented directly TO the under
side OF the fuselage. The wheels
are one inch in diameter and 5-l6
inch thick and are made from balSa.
PROPELLER
This is carved from medium
balsa block. 5-sx6 inches. Mark the
diaronals on the block and follow
the methods given in previous in
Strucuon sheets 10 carve he pro-
peller. Allow a slight Gambler on the
blades as shown in the top fuselage
view. and cut them 70 shape as
shown IN the side fuselsge view
Give the prop a light coat OF dope
or banana oil 10 strengthen II for
outdoor flying. Balance Il during al
stages Of carving. Don't forget that
the hook must be bent after he plug
is on the shaft. A few washers be-
tween the noSa plug and the prop
viii eliminate friction.
TAIL UNIT.
Next cut the Stabilizer and rud-
de-. pieces which are made Of i-l6-
inch square bslSa stripping, except
ing the curved psrts which are cut
20 shap from l-I6-incn fiat balSa
Build them as separate units and
mount in position afterward. The
rsa- plug is morticed 10 receive the
stabilher.
The r,dder IS mounted on the
sCarsst5er. Zach unit is covered on
both sitcS.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-05-25

QUESTION-What are barrage
balloons?
Barrage balloons were small cap
tive balloons used Curing the war
10 support wires or nets intended as
q protection againgt aircraft.
Evening star., 1935-08-10

pleasant odor or harm to the surface,
accounted for 40 per cent increase
in sales Of wall paper to hotels and
apartment houses in 1884 over 1888.
Evening star., 1935-08-10
Building and Loan Disbursals
ShOU Normal Balance Sheet
in First Six Months of 1895
Paid $3.50, ,OOO,O 900, With Mortgage
Loans Leading.

Reports to the United States Build
ing and Loan League show member
associations disbursed $3.50, 100000 to
their shareholders during the first
six months of 1885, according to
Morton Bodflsh, executive vice presi-
dent of the league, who embarked
today for the fifth international con-
gress of business in Salzburg, Austria.
The money changed hands from the
associations to the shareholders in
four different ways, he reported Loans
on residential properties for new con-
structiOn, repairing, purchase of
homes or refinancing existing obliga-
tions accounted for an estimated
1852, 900 900 of the January through
June outlay. Dividends paid and
credited on shareholders accounts
were placed at S133,000,000. Cash
loans to members on security of their
shares in the associations added S35,-
100000 to the disbursals. About
S250,000,000 was used to repurchaSe
the maturing shares of members or
to meet the applications for purchase
from those not maturing their shares
but faced with a need for their saw
ingS at this time.
Particularly encouraging in this
breakdown of association disbursals
is the fact that mortgage loans this
year constitute the largest single block
of outlay just as they used to in
normal times" said Mr.. Bodfish. In
the like period last year mortgage
loans totaIed around SITS, 100000,
while maturities and repurchases
amounted to $500 100000 Cash
loans on shares show a definite de-
crease this year from the SIS, 900 900
so allocated the first half of 1894.
The dividend total for the 1885 Pc
riod is lower than last years, not as
a result of decreased rates so much
as because of the decrease in savings
and loan assets which was an I'M
avoidable result of the defiation pc
riod. The record for the six months
of 1885 would indicate that the defla-
ton period is probably ended"
The league official said the statisti-
cal evidence of improvement in the
savings and loan sphere is borne out
by comments from the managers of
associations from one coast to the
other.
While our associations as a group
were always doing substantial lend
Evening star., 1935-08-10
HOTEL MONOTONY
IN STANDARDIZATION
Cuts Design and Construction
Costs, but Fails to Please
Travellers.

Standardization of design and con-
struction cuts building and operating
costs for the hotel or apartment house
operator-but it tends to produce
pconotony. The travelling and renting
public likes charm and individuality
II hostelries as well as at home.
Nationally known operators realize
this and achieve individuality in spite
OF the hundreds Of rooms in each
hotel. They use the modern washable
wall papers securing variety Of several
different colors of each of a number
Of different wallpaper patterns.
Apartment operators find that by
hanging wall papers of designs suited
to the architecture of the building and
the history Of the region they secure
that most favorable Of all tenant reac-
tions-the willingness to pay profit
carrying rent.
The advent Of absolute colorfast-
nessfollowed by the much appreciated
instability feature has increased the
usefulness Of wall paper. Added to
the fact that wall paper can be hung
in the morning and the rooms occu-
pied the same day without fear of un-
Evening star., 1935-08-10

ing business in comparison with the
practical stoppage Of credit from
some types of private financial in
stitutionS in the worst years, there
were, Of course. many Of our institu-
tions which virtually stopped lend
ing for while and thousands which
had to curtail their lending opera
tions by so and rs per cent" he con-
tinued. Against this background II
is most encouraging to see that be-
tween so and rs per cent Of all the
associations in the country are def
nitely looking for loans today, using
up rapidly all Of the new savings
from the public which come into
their shares, and increasing their de-
mands upon the Federal Home Loan
Bank System, their reserve institu-
ton"
Mr.. Bodfish said that maturing
shares this year, wherever the State
laws permit it. are seeking reinvest-
ment in the association in a large
percentage of cases. This tendency
is increasing the available mortgage
money. he pointed out, and likewise
demonstrates the subsiding of the
emergency which forced thousands tc
live up the cash from maturing
shares.
Evening star., 1935-08-10
Used in Making Sausage.

Skins made Of the same material
as artificial silk are being used In the
manufacture Of Sausages in Germany.
Evening star., 1935-08-10
MAKING KITCHENS
MODERN JUSTIFIED
Hundreds of u. S. Families
Take Advantage of
Credit Plan.

Modernization of the kitchen has
proved in hundreds of instances to
more than justify the expenditure.
Since the beginning of the opera
tion Of the modernization credit plan
hundreds OF American families have
taken advantage Of the credit made
possible by the plan for remodeling
and improving kitchens. The general
trend has been toward an economy of
space in an effort to minimize the
time required to prepare meal, as
well as to save as many steps for the
housewife as possible. At the same
time the moderniZation credit plan
has made it possible for many house.
wives to replace much of the old and
outmoded kitchen equipment with
modern kitchen equipment now on
the market. The conservation Of time
and energy made possible in kitchens
by the plan has been considered to
more than compensate for the cost
Of such improvements.
More Ventilation Trend.
Considering the kitchen as a room,
improvement possibilities are many.
The modern trend has been toward
more adequate ventilation and in
creased window space. Numerous ma
terials have also been developed for
cailings, walls and floors which give
AIDED efficiency to kitchen as a whole.
These materials are either washable,
insulating, fireproof or impervious to
dampness. Inclusion Of any of these
in the kitchen repair project mini
mizes the problems Of cleanliness or
discomfort.
There are also new kinds Of equip
ment available on the present-day
market which materially add to the
convenience and efficiency of a
kitchen. In many homes it has been
found desirable to install rotary fans
placed in a wall so that the hot air
and fumes from the kitchen may be
rapidly disseminated. Frequently CELL
ing fans are installed. There has also
been vast improvement in kitchen
illumination. In many repair projects
owners have found 1t advisable to
completely rewire the room with out
lets located at points convenient to
electrical appliances.
A wide variety Of sinks, ranges,
cabinets, shelves, and the like are
now on the market, which make
kitchen duties a pleasure rather than
drudgery. Until April /, 1886, mod
ernization credit in amounts up to
$4,000 may be obtained from private
lending institutions holding housing
administration insurance contracts.
The owner Of a home may be given
five years to repay such an obliga-
tion in monthly installments. Such
credit advances are made strictly on
character basis with no collateral
being required.
The borrower must be able to sat-
isfy the lending institution Of his
financial responsibility and give as
surance of his ability to repay the
sum advanced within the time speci-
fed.
Evening star., 1935-08-10
TAX RATE BASE SLASH
SEEN FOR BALTIMORE
1900 Petitions For Lowered
Assessments Pending Be-
fore Bureau.

BALTIMORE, August 1o.-With
1900 petitions for lower assessments
pending before the Bureau of Assess
ments, the real estate portion Of the
taxable basis for 1895 will be appre-
ciably lower than the figure for the
current year, city officials predict.
The taxable basis, including real
estate, personal property and securi-
ties, has been dropping annually
since the 1881 all-time peak of s2,-
225, ,091, 1876.
While the securities portion Of the
tax basis for next year will be higher,
it will not make up for the loss in
real estate revenue, according to
Thomas w. Hall, head of the bureau,
who pointed out that while real estate
was taxed $3.50 on $100 this year,
securities are assessed 30 cents per
500.
The personal property rate is the
same as the tax against real estate.
Evening star., 1935-08-10
Remedy for Water Dripping.

The dripping Of water which con-
denses on the cold water pipes in the
basement may be prevented by cover
ing the pipes with an absorbent mate
rial. This covering performs the triple
service of preventing the formation of
condensation, conserving the heat in
the Winter and improving the appear
ance. The covering may be painted
to harmonic with the decorative
scheme of the basement.
Evening star., 1935-08-10
Buying Radiator on Time

A modern radiator heating system
may be installed during the Summer
months with the first payment post
poned to Fall Nothing adds so much
to the convenience and comfort of the
home as good radiator heating
system.
Evening star., 1935-08-10
Radiator Check Advised.

A check of the radiator shut-off
valves as well as the air valves on
steam radiators is advised during the
Summer months. Careful attention
to these details by competent heat
ing contractor will insure the trouble
free performance of the heating sys-
tenn in tho Winter
Evening star., 1935-08-10
TREND UP IS SEEN
IN REALTY BONDS
Housekeeping Apartment
Types Make Biggest
Advance in July.

An indication Of the favorable in
vestment opinion regarding real estate
conditions along the Atlantic seaboard
is provided by statistics on the market
movements of 200 typical realty bond
issues which are being distributed by
Amott, Baker g. Co., Inc, Of New
York. Based on dealer to dealer bids,
the Amott-Baker averages show a
consistent upward trend for issues OF
all types with housekeeping apart
ments making the largest percentage
advance during July. Since the close
Of 1884 the average bid price Of the
bonds considered in the averages has
advanced al per cent. During July
housekeeping apartment issues gained
4.3 per cent, bringing the total ad-
vance for the year for this type Of
issue to Alt per cent.
Shortage Is Seen.
In the opinion of Amott- Baker
executives the gains being made in
housekeeping apartment issues are
resulting from belief that a residen-
tial shortage is developing as well as
from recognition of profit opportuni-
ties in the realty security field.
I'm view of the fact that doubling
up was practiced extensively during
the depths Of the depression, as a
temporary means Of cutting expenses,
it is reasonable to assume that i'm
proved business conditions will he
followed by an increased demand for
apartment and residential accommo-
dations," H. r. Amott, president of
Amott, Baker & Co., said.
1T is difficult. of course, to predict
where and when this demand will
make itself felt" Mr.. Amott con-
tinued. "but it seems perfectly evi-
dent that occupancies Of the last two
or three years are not representative
numerically Of the requirements dur
ing a period of improving economic
conditions. In consequence there are
grounds for optimism about the real
estate outlook from both operating
and investing points of view"
Comparisons of Gains.
Comparisons of percentage gains
and present values of the various
types of issues making up the Amott-
Baker averages follow:
% Increase
Property. 7mos. 1885.
Housekeeping apartments--- Alt
Evening star., 1935-08-10
Radiators Increase Values.

A modern radiator heating plant
adds much to the convenience and
healthfulness of living and increases
the value of the property. Heating
plants may be installed under the
easy-payment plan of the Govern
ment. with the first payment post
poned until the beginning of the heat
ing season in the Fall
Evening star., 1935-08-10
Moisture Blisters Paint.

Excess moisture in wood, which Is
drawn to the surface by heat-either
from the suns rays or other sources,
causes paint to blister. Always be
sure that the surface to be painted is
thoroughly dry before work is begun
Evening star., 1935-08-10
Time to Change Radiators.

Summer is the ideal time for the
replacement of older types Of radi-
ators with either the exposed slender
tube type or the newer recessed or
concealed models.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1935-02-12
BURMA MISSIONARY. DINNER SPEAKER
Lay Members of Baptist Churches of Vicinity to
 Attend Meeting

The Rev o. IT. Slsson, former missionary in Burma and now an official of the national denomina- ton, will address a dinner meeting of Baptist laymen of Waterbury and nearby towns Tuesday evening, February 10, in the First Baptist churc hof this city. Dr Sisson, who was born in New London, has since his return from the Baptist mission field in Burma, served as associate secretary of the Ameri-i can Baptist Foreign Missionary so- ciety. &
 The dinner meeting, which is be- lug arranged by a committee of Baptist laymen representing churches in this vicinity. is one of thirteen gatherings to be held simultaneously throughout the state. It is expected that fully 1,- 500 men will attend these dinners, planned by the Baptist Mems state council to promote fellowship and to stimulate interest in the state, national and worldwide activities of the denomination.
 In addition to the meeting here there will be Baptist laymen's din- ners in Stamford, Bridgeport, New Haven, Meriden, New Britain, Hartford, Torrington, Willimantic, Putnam, Norwich, New London and Mystic.