davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-02
Personal Grudges

1T is characteristic of Dahlbergs polernica1 man
ners to single out the shortest review Philip Rahv
has written (the length of which was dictated by
the editors of Monthly Review and to abstract
phrases out of context, without considering the
specific content of the review as a whole How
would Dahlbergs writing fare under such criticism?
Suppose reviewer of his book would start out
by calling him "this Cork" and proceed to line
up a series of words taken from different pages
Dahlberg claims that not one character or story
Is mentioned in Rahvs review of Farrells Calico
Shoes. The point u.s. because of the brief space
allotted to him, Rahv was compelled to concen-
trate on the relation of Farrell's method in the
story to his method as novelist
According to Dahberg Phelps contrsdicts him
self in reviewing Joyce for the New Masses by
saying that, while Ulysses is part of our literary
heritage, It's specific method as whole cannot be
transplanted to proletarian writing This is the
one instance in Dahlbergs letter where he dis
cusses concrete MARKHAM idea and it is here
that he reveals most clearly the frivolity of his
thought. There is nothing contradictory in plac-
ing Joyce's work within our heritage as back
ground of values and In insisting that the use of
Joyces complete method in our fiction Is n1pos-
sible. Variants Of Joyce's method can of course
be used in specific parts of novels as pointed out
in the original review To take another example.
no Marxst will deny that Shakespeare is a part
Of our literary heritage but at the same time
everyone of them will deny the possibility of using
Shakespeares actual methods in our PLAYS and
poems. The contradiction that Dahlberg points
to does not exist; but there is a very real con-
tradiction between Marxisrn and Dahbergs me-
chanical conception of heritage
II there are difficulties between critics and crea-
tive writer's, they should not be discussed on the
plane of personal grudges, but on the plane of
ioesS WALLACE PHELPS
PHILIP RAHv.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-02

0.WEAF-Religion in the News
WOR-Sports Resurne-Stsn LomaX
WJZ-Jchn Herrick, Baritone
WABC-The Great White Teacher
Sketch. with Captain Peter Freu-
chen, Explorer
7:i5-WBAF-Jsck Smith, Songs
WOR-Ionians Quartet
WJz-King Orchestra
0-WEAF-Variety Musicale
WOR-The Street Singer
WJz-RUral Electriflcation-R
John e. Rankin Of Mississippi
wABC-Arden Orchestra; Gladys
Baxter Soprano; walter Preston,
Baritone; Beauty-Kay Carroll
:45-WJz-Grace Hayes, Songs
WoR-Dsnce Orchestra
300 EAF-Concert Orchestra, Sigmund
Romberg. Conductor Composer;
Bryon Warner, Tenor; Helen
Marshall. Soprano; william Lyon
Phelps. Narrator
WOR-Organ Recital
WJz-Phil Cook Show Shop
WABC-Roxy Revue; Concert Or
chestra; Mixed Chorus, soloist
si5-WoR-Vecsey Orchestra
30-WoR-Denny Orchestra
WJz-Olscn Orchestra
8;45-WABC-Mary CORTLAND. Songs. Arm
bruster Orchestra Male Quartet
-WEAF-Rose hampton Contradict
Scrappy Lambert and Billy Hill
pot, Songs: Shilkret Orchestra
WOR-Hillbilly Music
WJZ-Radio City Party, with John
B. Kennedy; Black Orchestra
WABC-Kostelanetz Orchestra: Mixed
Chorus; Richard Bonelli. Baritone
-WEAF-The Gibson Famly-Musical
Comedy. with Conrad Thihault
Baritone; Lois Bennett, Soprano
WOR-Blaine Orchestra
WJz-National Barn Dance
WABC-Himber Orchestra
WOR-Wintz Orchestra
WABC-Descciption wanamaker Mile
Run, Madison Square Garden
10:l5-WABC-Re "Reminiscences William A.
Brady Theatrical Producer
0-WEAF-Cugat. Goodman and Muir
ray Orchestra until 1870 ami
WCR-Richardson Orchestra
WJz-Coleman Orchestra
WABC-variety Musicale
45-WABC-Readings by Professor Chas.
Townsend Copeland, Harvard
-WOR-News
WJz-Dorsey Orchestra
WABC-Gray Orchestra
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-02

tory of the maturing revolution,
when the activity of the van
guard of the people is at its height,
when the vaoillations in the ranks
Of the enemies, and in the ranks
of the weak, half hearted, nm
decided friends of the revolution
are at their highest point. This
Is the third point. 1t is in point
ing out these three conditions as
the way of approaching the ques-
ton of an uprising, that Marxism
differs from Blanquisn1. C'Marzi7m
and Uprising" in Toward the
Seizure Of Power" Book l, PIP. 224-
229.)
The third Is his summary of the
art" of insurrection, drawing to-
gether the previous utterances of
Marx and Engels on this question:
II Never play at uprising, bat
once it is begun, remember firmly
that you have to go to the very
end.
~ 1t Is necessary TO gather a
great preponderance of forces in
decisive place at decisive mo-
ment, else the enemy, being in
position of better preparation and
organization, will annihilate the
insurgents.
y Once the uprising has been
begun, one must act with the
greatest decisiveness, one must
take the offensive, absolutely, and
under all circumstances. Defense
Is the death Of an armed uprising"
a. One must strive to take the
enemy by surprise, to take advan-
tage of r moment when his troops
are scattered.
81 One must try daily for at
least small successes lone may say
even hourly, when it is question
of one city, thus maintaining
under all circumstances a "moraI
superiority" ("Advice From An
Outsider" in Toward the Seiz-
ure of Power" Book II, PIP. 97-990
THESE examples are typical of the
concrete, living, simultaneously
theoretical and practical approach
of Lenin to the fundamental prob
lens Of revolution.
The leadership of Lenin ranges
over the whole DEVELOPMENT of thc
working class struggle from the
earliest stages to the direct advance
in a revolutionary situation to the
conquest of power, and to the tasks
beyond the conquest of power.
In all these fields of the working
class struggle, from the earlies
stages to beyond the conquest O.
power, Lenin leaves a legacy Of lead.
ership, of theoretical and practica
guidance, the absorption Of which
by the international working claS.
opens the way to victory.
This leadership receives its or.
ganized embodiment and collective
form in the Communist Interna.
tional, founded under the leader.
ship of Lenin in 1919, as the unior
of the revolutionary working class
on the basis Of the principles o.
Marxism and Leninism for the vic.
tory Of the world socialist revoll.
ton. Ito be continued)
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-02
Extensive Advance
Discussions Planned
By Writer'S Congress

Extensive preliminary discus
sions Of revolutionary literature
and the problems of the prole-
tartan writer are planned for
the American Writer'S Congress,
to be held May 1st. These dis
cussions are intended to prepare
the way for a genuine synthesis
of the experiences of proletarian
literature in this country.
Malcolm Cowley's Mote on
MARKHAM Criticism" and william
Rollins comment on proletarian
fiction in the current issues Of
the New Republic and the New
Masses are the first Of such arti-
cles to appear; and they tnlmedi-
ately raise the discussion to a
high literary level.
The editors of the New Masses
and of Partisan Review invite
contributions from American au-
thors dealing with the aesthetic
problems of revolutionary writ
ing, as we'll as with the eco
nomic status of the artist under
capitalism. In addition a series
of open lectures. debates, and
synposiums are planned by the
organization committee for the
Congress.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-02
POrtrays "Shrivelled
Souls of Labor
Bureaucrats
by del

agents Of the capitalists and their
government.
Strikes, strikers, unity in struggle
Of white and Negro. native and for
eign born! These Burck draws with
immense sympathy, immense pride
and with strokes that are at once
strong and tender.
High-salaried official labor lead
ers, suave or brutal. crude or cum
ming. as the case may be. Burck
draws with contempt, disgust-and
hatred-and with a pen Of corrosive
sublimate. These cartoons eat into
the heart Of the most callous Of Ia
Dor of1cialdom-but they fix them
selves also, and indeliblv, in the
hearts and minds Of the workers
labor offlcialdom betrsys by thou
sand subte-fuges, evasions and bru-
talities.
For Burck draws their methods
as well as the recognized labor
leaders" themselves. He draws their
shrivelled souls and the mechanics
of their treacheries. Workers like
Burcks cartoons. They do more
than enjoy them I know that they
study them. but that they find more
than picture of misleaders with
which they agree. They find also
how these misleaders betray them
and why.
BY this I mean that the Daily
Worker has on its staff one Of the
greatest Of proletarian cartoonists
of this epoch. judged by the hardest
Of all tests-the daily striking, cas-
lily understood and politically cor
rect depicting Of major events and
issues in the life and battles of the
working class in his chosen medium.
NOTE: The above is an excerpt
from Hunger and Revolt: Car
/ toons by Burck." This pictorial his
tory of the world crisis is pub
lished in a deluxe edition, limited
to one hundred copies autographed
by the artist. Eleven revolutionary
writer's have contributed chapter
forewo.ds. The book contains 248
pages, printed on heavy antique
paper and is bound in golden-tan
buckram attractiyely stamped .
Order from the Daily Worker; $500
postpaid.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-02
CHAPTER III.
Teachings of Lenin

DUT still more far reaching are the
- basic problems, strategical and
tactical, Of the leadership of the
mass struggle as a whole up to the
revolutionary situation and in the
revolutionary situation itself, the de-
termination Of the whole line Of
advance, stage by stage, up to the
final battle and the conquest Of
power.
Here the task Of leadership brings
to the test the whole strength of
Marxist-Leninist theory and prac-
tice: the correct estimation Of the
relation Of class forces, of the in
ternal and external situation, of the
strength and stability of the bour-
geoisie, of the degree of prepared
ness Of the proletariat, Of the role
of the intermediate STRATA the de-
termination of the slogans and
methods of struggle to mobilize the
masses on the widest possible scale,
and to win to the proletariat its
reserves of support from other
strata; the correct judgment of the
revolutionary situation, when the
cid governing forces are discredited
end in breakup, and the masses
are refusing to accept the old con-
ditions Of life: the advance to in
creasingly radical transitional slo-
gans and rising forms of struggle
and mess action; and the final de-
cision of the moment for the de-
cisive battle, and direct leadership
and organization Of the insurrec-
ton.
Lastly, the leadership Of Lenin
after 1917 opens UP the hitherto
completely untouched ground Of the
strategy and tactics of the prole-
tartan leadership after the conquest
of power.
THREE of the most famous state
ments Of Lenin on these funda-
mental questions Of revolution may
here be given.
The first is his definition Of a
revolutionary situation
The fundamental law Of revolu-
ton, confirmed by all revolutions
and particularly by the three Rus
sian ones of the twentieth cen
fury, is as fellows. 1t is not suffi-
cient fer the revolution that the
exploited and oppressed masses
understand the impossibility Of
living in the old way and demand
changes; for the revolution 1t is
necessary that the exploiters
should not be able to rule as of
old. Only when the masses do
not want the cid regime, and
when the rulers are unable to
govern as of old, then only can
the revolution succeed.
The truth may be expressed in
other words: revolution is impOs-
sibie without an all-national crisis,
affecting both the exploited and
the exploitera. It follows that for
the revolution it is essential, first,
that majority Of the workers Tor
at least majority of the con-
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-02
Music
T0scdRiHi and the
Philharmonic

THE Philharmonic Symphony Or
4 chestra was conducted in Car
negie Hall on Sunday afternoon by
Toscanini. Messrs. Piastro, Bolog-
mini and all the other excellent
musicians we're allowed to acknow-
ledge the applause of the audience;
but it was Toscanini Toscanini all
the way
The program consisted of Bruck-
ner's Seventh Symphony, "Salome's
Dance" by Strauss, and what was
described as an Orchestra Inter-
probation" by Respighi of a Bach
prelude and fugue.
If you like Bach'S counterpoint
to be obscured by a tornado of brass
noises you will like Respiehi's YER
sion Of the Prelude and Fugue in
D major But do not imagine that
it is anything more than a kind Of
double-virtuosity act-Baeh as an
organist-composer and Respighi as
an orchestra.
"SalcIne's Dance" from Strauss
opera "Salone" is. of course, a
sadly typical piece Of bourgeois
pseudo-orientalism. Always there
is the Viennese waltz, and little
Salome-fraulein trying so hard to
be sensuous, and pseudo Eastern
pseudo-pipes anyhow the per-
cussion players enjoyed themselves.
1t is difficult to write about the
Bruckner symphony. Here is q man
who was obviously sincere, to
whom composing was a deeply felt
social duty, and yet his work is
nothing more than a succession of
moments. His harmonic resources
were limited, his eountor- point that
of a fairly normal student his mel
odies on the whole undistinguished;
he was often verbose; and yet there
are singularly moving moments in
this fine symphony. And far from
being vindication Of Wagnerian
romanticism his work seems to be
opposed to 1t and. with all its faults,
a denial of it. For there was some
thinr there struggling to be born.
something which seems to belong
neither to the bourgeois person
who was Anton Bruckner nor to
| the SNUG musical vesture in which
he showed himself to the world.
The orchestra, and of course, Tos-
csniri gave fine performance,
ID. P.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-02
Cartoons are Integr
Part of Workers
Struggles
LITTLE LEFTY
By WILLIAM F. DUNE

]
THE art of Jacob Burck cannot be
separated from the revolution
airy movement, from the continual
struggle Of the working class
against robbery and oppression,
against hunger, fascism and i'm
perialist war, any more than the
Communist Party can be sepa-
rated from the working class.
Burck's cartoons depicting daily
developments, the clash of revolu-
tionary and reactionary policies in
the labor movement, strikes official
labor leaders and their sordid but
dangerous disloyalties to their dues
paying membership and the whole
working class, their obscene SER
Witty and frockcoated fawning to
and upon the representatives of the
rulers, strip these Fat gents Of their
responsibility and kick their haloa
into startling angles.
Burck and Fred Ellis are the le-
! Ultimate heirs Of the revolutionary
art of Robert Minor. They are no
longer only American artists of the
American proletariat. They are of
the international proletariat and
bearers of the revolutionary tradi-
ton that stems back to the French
/ Communicate
The Communards "stormed heav-
en-" said Marx. Jacob Burck storm7
the eitadels Of ruling class art
every day-and demohshes another
bastion with each cartoon.
1t is impossible to estimate in any
adequate terms the number OF
times a Burck cartoon has caused
that grim laughter on a mass picket
line which bosses thugs fear moro
than bullets. 1t is impossible to es-
innate the number of workers tc
whom Burck cartoon has brought
lightning insight into a difficult
question of strategy and tactics
One cannot say to how many work
ers Jacob Burck has brought new
pride and confidence in their class
and its victorious destiny. But 1t is
clear to anyone that Burck thinks
and draws in terms Of a working
class that is learning through q
thousand struggles, big and small
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-02
Change
the
World !!
By MICHAEL GOLD

THE critics Wallace Phelps and Philip
Rahv take exception to the letter from
Edward Dahlberg printed recently in this
column. It was not a good letter with
which to open the discussion for the
Writer'S Congress, they charge, in that its at
tack was not aimed at any specific ideas held
by critics, but at their presumably bad manners"
1t is true, think pointed out, that Dahl
berg lacks much of the npersonal and scientific
attitude toward literary problems that one re-
quires of MARKHAM. He brings into discussion
many of the old "feudist' habits of the bourgeois
literary world. He has not yet completely realized
the responsibilities that are placed on a revolu-
tionary writer who however much he may dis
agree with or even dislike another comrade, must
always remember that it is criminal to allow mutual
criticism within the movement to develop to the
point of self-destruetion.
Criticism of the sharpest and most scientific
nature is necessary if We are to learn from our
mistakes and make any progress. But criticism
that forgets the main objective that spreads dis
couragement and mutual suspicion, is a real
danger. To find the dividing line, however requires
a great deal of skill and experience, and perhaps
than that an ever present sense of the move
ment as a whole.
We must not become swamped in the details
Dahlberg and many other writers of fiction have
this tendency, whereas the critics tend to deal
with the genersties and to forget details.
Some writer's were invited to criticize the critics
in certain issue of the New Masses, and the result
was series of really querulous minor complaints.
This is true, and yet the fact remains that
many Of our revolutionary writer's of novels and
plays other than Dahlberg, feel an acute dis
satisfaction with our critics When such a feeling
exists, it should be thrashed out. It is not the
most important problem that will come before the
Writers Congress, and I will not turn over many
Of these columns to it.
The letter follows:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-02

Federation of Labor and the Social
list Party press Their drawings re-
fleet the attitude of continual apol-
ogy the official leadership display,
continual apology for the fact that
the labor movement. dares to exist
at all. Their best efforts look like
what they are-timid flowers wilted
by the first frosty glance from the
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-02

cemetery in which lie buried for
ever the policies Of compromise and
defeat, because of official betrayal
and the unending list of carefully
nurtured illusions that have kept
the working class in subsection.
In the Soviet Union, where pro-
letarian culture has won with the
Revolution its victory over bour-
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-02

England, in fascist Germany and
Italy, Burck's drawings are used to
show the surging tide of the class
struggle in the United States.
The Communist press, itself grow
ing out Of the revolutionary class
struggle, alone could bring forth q
Burck. He is a sturdy child of the
revolutionary struggle. His art has
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-02
NetU Pamphlets

The A S S AS TI0N OF
KlROV - Proletarian Justice
Versus White Guard Terror
by Katz. Three cents.
now DO WE RAISE THE
ISSUE OF A LABOR PARTY?
BY Earl Browder and Jack
Stachel. Includes excerpt deal
ing with the Labor Party
question from the Resolution
Of the January meeting of the
Central Committee, C.P.U.S.A.
Three cents.
OVIETS IN SPAIN. - The
Armed Uprising Against Fas-
cism--by Harry Cannes. Ten
cents.
The above pamphlets are pub
li5hed by Workers Library Pub
fishers. P. o. Box 148 Station D.
New York City. They may be
purchased at all Workers Book
shops, or from the publishers.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-02

drunk deep from the clear swift
stream of Marxisnl-Leninism and
its proletarian culture.
Take look at the pansy-bed of
cartoonists whose drawings are on
the pages of the offlcial American
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-02

geois culture, Jacob Burck is among
those at the top list among prole-
tartan artists whose pen and brush
are weapons Of the working class
and colonial peoples in the world
wide class battle line. In France,
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-02
Burck Among Greatest PrOletarian Artists
of Epoch, Says Dunno Ia Hunger and Revolt

that the road to freedom unwinds
its rough but shining length past
the political graves of those who
now fill high official positions in the
labor movement-the road that the
working class carves through the
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-02

sciOus, thinking, politically active
workers. should fully understand
the necessity of revolution and
be ready to sacrifice their lives for
it; second, that the ruling class
be in a state of governmental
crisis which attracts even the
most backward masses into poll
tics--a sign Of every real revclu-
ton is the rapid, tenfold or even
hundredf0ld increase in the num-
Der of representatives of the toll
ing and oppressed masses hereto
fore epathetic, representatives able
TO carry on the political fight
which weakens the government
and facilitates its overthrow by
the revoIutionists. cleft Wing"
Communism
To be successful, the uprising
must be based not on a conspiracy,
not on a party, but on the ad-
vaneed class. This is the first
point. The uprising must be based
on the revolutionary upsurge of
the people. This is the second
point. The uprising must be based
on the crucial point in the his
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-02
The SGar Mines

Question: To whom did the saar mines belong
before they we're transferred to France? How will
the transfer back to France be affected?-S. W.
Answer: The Scar coal mines belonged to the
Bavarian and Prussian states before the imperial
list war At the Versailles Peace Conference the
French mining interests, represented by Andre
Tardieu, now leading fascist forced the deci-
sion whereby the mines we're coded to the French
government in payment for the damages suffered
by the Northern French coal mines during the
period Of the war. This was done because the Saar
mines formed an economic geographic unit with
the iron ore mines Of Lorraine.
The transfer back to the German government
will take place under an agreement whereby the
Nazis pay the French government about s6OOOO00O
in royalties the first II 100000 tons Of coel that
are mined Although .ostensib1y at first it was
the French, and later, the German government
who are the owners, the mines are operated in the
interests Of the big steel trusts of both countries
The interests Of both trusts interlock and COM
peting groups are fighting for control Of the steel
ring The French industrialists have interests in
the German trust, and vice versa. For example,
Roechng, the leader Of the Nazi front in the saar
and head Of big steel plants is helping to fortify
the eastern line Of forts in France Similarly many
Of the German steel plants which are working
feverishly to resrm the war machine Of Germany
are tied up with the Comite des Forges-the French
steel trust