The Waterbury Democrat., 1935-11-18
telling the distance to various points.

Erect Monuments
 Springs and water holes are be- ing trimmed with stone and con- duits are being built. All round the roads regiments have erected carv- ed stone monuments commemorate ing their stay. At one point stone head of Premier Benito Mussolints has been erected.
 Large permanent stone ware- houses and permanent telegraph lines are being built.
 Increase produce from the United States is evident. There are hun- dreds of new American motor trucks and some German ones. l hear that the arrival of American gasoline ct Massawa, the chief port, has been increased importantly.
 Italians here are enforcing their own penalties against Great Brit- ain. Scotch whiskey and British gin, popular among the officers, are on the boycott list.
 Officers Not Interested
 Ofacers generally seem little In. terested in the leagues penalties.
 l have learned the news that Marshal Emilio De Bono, coninan- der in chief is to be supplanted by Marshal Pietro Badoglio.
 It is my purely personal opinion that the change will be followed by an alteration of method in con- ducting the campaign.
 l believe that in future much wider use will be made of the Ynechanized superiority, especially as regards airplanes, including the bombers, and light tanks.
 I believe that the Makale and Aksun air fields will become air bases for a much more considerable use of the air arm than hereto fore. A new bombing squadron has been sent already to Aksutn, and Makale field is being prepared hes. tily 90 1t will be suitable for land- ing the heavy Caproni bombers. Many new improved types of bombers are arriving ct Massawa from Italy.
 I believe that in future opera tons are likely to be more enter- prising and more rapid, more in the nature of usual colonial opera tions than hitherto.
 May Change Advance
 Marshal De Bono has been rflov- ing with ultra-caution with heavy bodies which have formed solid bases for the lighter columns, nov. ing quickly with the cooperation of flea tanks, scout planes and borMbers.
 I believe that Marshal Badoglio will take advantage of this situa. ton to move with less heavy and less numerous columns.
 Thus far movements have been made in great strength and weight, obviously for reasons of prestige. the commander could not afford to take chances. But now the met- tie of the troops and the qualities of their endurance have been tried and the situation can be alterede. If considered desirable, operations on . lighter scale would have the advantage that great masses of supplies now required for large concentrations would be greatly 1eSsened.
 With lengthening lines of cona- munication the supply problem al- ready is absorbing much attention. It would become of prime import ance if future movements contin. ued on the heavy scale of the last couple of months, I believe the tempo of the operation will be quickened.
 Grenades Saved the Day
 Eye witnesses of the day long battle which the Danakil column fought on the edge of the Danakil country east of Makale have arriv- cd here. It was . fight in Q gorge near Azbi, and the witnesses said that hand grenades used for the first time in the war, saved the day for the Italian forces, largely com. posed of native Askari troops and friendly Danakili irregulars.
 The witnesses said hand to hand fighting occurred at the far end oh the gorge in which bayonets were used and that 1t was nip and tuck for three and c half hours.
 Tales of Italian heroisFin were rec lated, including the story of an ui- known white sergeant who loaded and fired alone l20 times . noun. tain gu natter the crew of three natives were kiied, with bullets whizzing overhead and striking the rocks around him.
 Firing ceased ct 6 p. m. and Gen. Mariotti tried unsuccessfully to contact other Italian forces. Then he said:
 we are without help unless God helps uS."
 The men spent the night in the gorge, in danger of being wiped out by Q sudden attack. But none came, and then column marched on for four days practically without food or water, occupying Azbi on the march.
 Witnesses placed the Italian loss. es at 37 Aslgari and Danakili killed and 47 men wounded, including four white officers. The Ethiopians lost 50 dead.
 Interviewed Desertcr
 interviewed Ras Gugsa, who de- serted the Philippians, in his throne room which reached by elbowing my way through Q courtyard swarn- ing with Q motley army. I walked uninterrupted into the throne room. Gugsa was away and awaited his return. It is a dark room about 20 feet square with one high, glassless window. The floor is covered with hay. Two rich red rugs are spread overhead in a corner, above Q wick CT porch chair which is the provi- sionai throne. The only other fur- niture is a wooden kitchen chair.
 Gugsa returned in half an hour after escorting Marshal De Bono to his fathers tomb. He was riding 6 caparisoned mule and surrounded by c rabble carrying shiny light machine rifles on their shoulders