davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1935-01-03
Coal Industry Fights.
From the Philadelphia Inquirer.

=
The National Coal Association ap-
parently is determined not to meet
the attack of the Tennessee Valley
Authority and kindred projects lying
down. Close upon the announcement
by Joe Guffey and George Earle that
plans were being drawn for Federal
hydroelectric projects in Pennsyl-
vania, the coal association has de-
nounced the unfair and unjustifi-
able" competition by New Deal
agencies and their "extravagant
allotment of taxpayers money to un-
economic enterprises"
An indication of the firmness of the
associations stand is shown by its
declaration that lin the debauched
state of the public mind on the sub
ject of Federal appropriations for
local enterprises it is going to be
necessary for the bituminous industry
to fight most strenuously to protect
Its interests"
The "debauched state Of the public
ullIlQ IONdIU ECuCl al AAdA1dOuGS 10
perhaps a menace equal to that Of
actual Government projects that
compete with private business. Con-
tinued public dependency upon Gov
ernment doles and upon Federal initi-
ative means the gradual attrition Of
all private effort. Unless there is a
check on this increasing habit of
looking to the Government for money
and jobs, American independence of
thought and action viii become nom
existent.
The coal men are to be commended
for their resolute intention to fight
for their industry against meddling
bureaucracy.
Evening star., 1935-01-03

More attention Is paid to Senator
Glass of Virginia than to his cause,
when he questions the right of the
Federal Reserve Board to order banks
to reduce interest rates on time and
savings deposits to 2la per cent. He
takes the position that the executive
department of the Government usurps
the rights Of Congress, when the order
for reducing the maximum interest
rate from per cent is applied to
banks which are not members Of the
Federal Reserve system.
Senator Glass is the burr under the
administration saddle" says the Buff
falo Evening News, with the belief
that his latest criticism, perhaps. has
more effect than that of the entire
Republican group, since it comes from
a man who has, admittedly, been a
master of finance, without becoming
the servant of financiers." The
the opinion on the controversy: 1.-The
scholarly Senator Glass quotes from
Cicero to the effect that certain per-
sons condemn what they do not un-
derstand' He also gave utterance to
the feeling previously expressed in
many quarters that arbitrary disre-
gard of existing law In the interest OF
recovery is simply convenient imagi-
nation, amply proved so by repeated
experiments in the fixing of discount
rates 1t is we'll that the Senate has
a few men of experience, good judg-
ment and boldness to speak out when
they see things taking place in gov
ernment which they believe to be
wrong"
More and more it becomes appar-
ent," thinks the Chattanooga Times,
that the outstanding menace to the
New Deal is being born. not of the
cratic party, and that Carter Glass is
that menace" The Times adds that
''it is not difficult to imagine the feel
ing of members of the Federal Reserve
Board, when this authority on bank
ing and on the Federal Reserve act
charged the board with usurping the
authority of Congress"
1T has taken most of lifetime"
declares the Lincoln (Nebr) State
Journal, "to obtain some of the bank
ing laws now on the statute books OF
the United States. and Senator Glass
does not want those laws tampered
with and this work destroyed under
the cover of emergency action. Sena-
tor Glass is one man who is not afraid
to call the administrations hand when
the administration launches on what
he considers an unsound program.
The need having arisen, in Glass eS-
timation, to again call halt on ad-
ministration tampering. he does not
hesitate to do so. The Senator does
not seem to care what the effect on
his own political future may be. He
is interested in sound banking and
does not want administration expert
ments to pry away the corner stone
laid for a sound system after years
of labor"
In explanation of the action of the
Reserve Board, the Nashville Banner
makes the statement: THE object OF
the order, as might be readily inferred,
is to encourage depositors to seek in
yestment elsewhere for their idle funds,
thus sending more money into new
avenues ef activity. The action of the
Federal Reserve Board Is in line with
other procedure by the President In
the recent past, with the general OBJ
Evening star., 1935-01-03

@. How many main divisions are
there OF the human race?-W. B.
A. Three main human races are
recognized today-the white, the vel.
low-brown and the black.
@. In what opera will Lotte Ieh-
mann sing first at the Metropolitan
this season?-E. E.
A. Miss Lehman will sing in Der
Rosenkayalier" during the opening
week of the Metropolitan.
@. Why does an orgy signify de-
bauchery?-O. w.
A. Orgies were secret rites or GUS
tons connected with the worship of
some of the pagan dejties. The fes-
tival Of Dionysius especially included
many customs of mystic symbolism
and much license. From this comes
the implication of drunkenness and
dCbauchery.
@. When was there a coin made
called an ANGELO. D.
A. Angels were coined In England
from the time of Edward ~ 70 that of
Charles I, from about 1850 to 1925.
They were gold coins bearing the fig
Ure of the Archangel Michael piercing
the dragon, and varied in value from
S1.60 to $3.50.
O. Had King Albert I of Belgium
been in the United States before he
came in 1919 accompanied by Queen
Elizabeth?-M. P.
A. As the Count Of Flanders, before
his accession to the throne, he visited
the United States and inspected Amer
ican railroads under the guidance Of
James j. Hill.
Q. What birds Winter in the Dis
trict of Columbia?-J. H. F.
A. The ones commonly seen are
turkey buzzard, Sharp-Shinned hawk.
Cooper'S hawk, red-shculdered hawk,
bobwhite, pigeon, screech owl, flicker.
yeIow-bellied sapsucker, hairy wood
pecker, doWny woodpecker, American
crow. fish crow. blue jay, Carolina
chickadee, tufted titmouse, white
breasted nuthatch, red-breasted nut
hatch, brown creeper, Carolina wren,
Winter wren, mockingbird, golden
crowned kinglet, starting, English
sparrow, cardinal, purple finch, gold
finch. junco, tree sparrow, white
throated sparrow and song sparrow.
The birds which may be seen in the
Wintertime in Washington rarely or
abnormally include the following:
Red-tailed hawk, marsh hawk, red
headed woodpecker, catbird. robin,
meadow lark. purple grackle, pine
siskin, red crossbill, red-pointed tow
hee and field sparrow. This list does
not include waterfowl.
@. What is the Augsburg Confess
Sion?-G. c.
A. 1t is the chief credal statement
of faith in the Lutheran Church.
@. When was the Alliance Francaise
organized?-S. c.
A. 1t was founded in 1902 in the
United States and Canada and now
has about 300 groups studying French
and the literature, arts, sciences and
history Of France.
@. What is the wealth of the Negro
race in the United States?-L. w. F.
A. In 1880 the accumulated wealth
of Negroes was estimated at So, $780,
100000
@. Where is the home of the
giraffe-necked women, which were
featured in one of the circuses?-T. z.
A. The curious women exhibited
and advertised as giraffe-necked wom-
en- are members of the Padaung Tribe
of East Burma. Although they are
a curiosity in this country, the prac-
tice of encircling the neck with brass
rings is characteristic Of all women
of the tribe. The collar-like effect
produced by these rings makes the
neck appear abnormally long, but in
reality there is very little stretch
ing
Evening star., 1935-01-03
The Franco.Italian Accord.

French Foreign Minister Lavals ar
rival in Rome this week for conference
with Premier Mussolini Is destined to
have far-reaching effects upon the
peace of Europe. It will complete the
efforts initiated by the late M. Bar
thou, M. Lavals predecessor, to heal
the long standing breach between the
two great Latin peoples and bridge
the differences in their Central Euro
pean and Northern African policies.
A Franco italian reconciliation will
combine with the eradication of
Franco-German controversy over the
Saar to give the new year an aus
picious start in the Old World.
Protracted diplomatic exchanges
have paved the way for the Laval
Mussolini conversations and presum-
ably assured their success. Apparently
it is a mutual desire to brook no
further delay in arrangements for
the preservation of Austria's independ-
ence against the menace of union with
Germany that has mainly brought
France and Italy together. It has
been proposed that they be joined in
pact Of guarantee by Czechoslovak a
and Yugoslavia. France has the in
terests of these Little Entente associ-
ates of hers, especially those Of Yugo-
slavia, conspicuously in mind in con-
cluding an accord with Italy. Italo-
Yugoslavian relations have long been
gravely strained. Franco Italian
friendship is designed to remove much
If not all, Of the gunpowder from that
situation.
With particular interest Europe will
await Franco Italian decisions re-
specting Hungary. The Magyar realm
personifies 'revisionism"-the gnaw-
ing desire of the states vanquished
in the World War to regain some of
the territory of which they were de-
spoiled. Italy has evinced pronounced
revisionist leanings, except in so far
as the Austrian territory acquired by
her is concerned. France opposes
any tampering with the peace treaties,
not only because of the injury it
would work to the Little Entente
countries, but because the French
oppose anything that would sane
ton concessions to the Germans in
the realm Of either territory or
ornaments.
OF direct Franco-I Italian importance
is the matter of the concessions italy
Graves In Northern Africa, in gratifi-
cation of her colonial expansion as
pirations. Grants of territorial strips
in Libya and French Somaliland and
liberalized rights of Italians in Tunis
are in prospect, along with reported
French acquiescence in a free hand
for Italy in her current adventures
in Abyssinia. With their clashing
ambitions in Africa settled, the way
will be open for an understanding
between France and Italy on naval
parity, which for three years has
been a bone of bitter contention.
Altogether, the weeks developments
in Rome should be rich in results for
Franco-Italian peace and friendship,
with resultant good for the tram
quillity Of all Europe.
Evening star., 1935-01-03

10 the Editor OI / ne StdIs
A number of colored physicians Of
Washington have just perfected an
organization to aid deserving but i'm
pecunious students who are ambitious
to pursue the study of medicine in
Howard University. The tuition cost
alone is $265, in addition to books,
clothes and living expenses. How so
many ambitious young men have been
able to make their way through by
their own unaided effort remains a
mystery beyond finding out. In ordF
to put the story in the form of human
document, will let one of them, who
Is typical rather than exceptional, tell
his own story. This is the story as
he recounted 1t to me in my library
this morning:
II was born in British Guiana,
South America, in 1905. and migrated
to America in 1928 in quest Of an
education. I had $120 on arrival.
Immediately secured work by which
was enabled to complete the New
York Evening High School in 1926.
I then stayed out of school for two
years working to secure funds to put
me through college. In 1928 en-
tered Howard University with $500.
BY working during vacation time as
porter and longshoreman I was en-
abled to put myself through college.
paying tuition and laboratory fees of
$3.50 a year, in addition to my per-
sonal expenses.
"I then entered upon the study of
medicine and met the expenses of the
first year by working nights as an
elevator boy. cleared 500 by work.
ing as porter during the vacation.
During school term I served as night
watchman, for room and board, and
finished the year 500 in debt to the
university. I had no books Of my
own but had to depend upon library
books and the good graces of my fel-
low students to borrow theirs when
not using them themselves. For
clothes I depended upon the favor OF
Evening star., 1935-01-03

While medical men discuss the
cause Of the common cold, laymen
must 60 right ahead fighting 1t the
best they can.
A cold is a personal problem, after
all. something like the traffic situa-
ton.
The trouble with the latter is that
not enough persons as yet have come
to that conclusion.
Hence the city suffers from q mild
form of mas insanity.
Not until the majority of individual
motorists have realized that each and
every one is responsible will the ter
rible toll be ended here.
In view of that toll, might not the
inquiring mind expect to see lessened
speed on our highways, more careful
driving?
The fact is that it is just the other
way around.
Few persons, evidently, have been
enough impressed by the fatalities, by
all the discussion. 1t will seem to
some observers, indeed, that motoring
becomes more reckless each day. It
Is still q mass proposition, rather than
an Individual one.
Fortunately the common cold Is felt
by every one to be q highly tndivid-
ualized thing.
The discussion of whether q cold is
caused by q "flltrable virus" or q
-filtrable virus" is beside the
point, so far as the average layman
is concerned.
When the doctors get to talking
about an entity of disease which Is
supposed to exist, but which Is so
small, If it does, that 1t will escape
being filtered out by the very finest
filter. the layman throws up his hands
in despair.
All he knows is that he IS catching
cold, or has had a cold, or some
body else has a cold and perhaps
Is sneeZing all over the place.
This place may be public vehicle,
but there seems to be considerable
apathy toward the common sneezer.
Your average layman is not much
concerned with the prevalent sneeze.
Evidently he feels that whether there
is a germ" which may be spread, or
only virus" which may or may not
be filtered out, it makes little differ
ence to him.
The average person, 1t may be
averred, does not mind being sneezed
upon. so the only sensible conclusion
to draw would be that he does not
believe cold is catching.
Yet, as in so many departments
of human endeavor. such conclusion
would be wrong. for humanity has
not yet agreed to proceed upon q
strictly intellectual basis.
There are few persons who have
watched the progress of a cold or
grip or influenza through a family
who would be willing to sneer at the
germ theory.
Yet they take no particular steps
to act on such a theory, actually
making fun of persons who may have
healthy respect for the probability
of such spreading Of such q COM
mon illness.
&t*
All that one can say, therefore, Is
tnat, In TINS respect, as In regard 10
the prevalent motor insanity Of our
highways, people do not regard the
problem as one the individual can
do much about.
There are great many more per-
sons, however, who do look upon the
common cold as q strictly personal
problem.
Some NJ these have vorked ort
very simple methods Of control, not
infallible, by any means, but Of real
help to themselves.
Whether these methods would be
beneficial to others they do not
know.
One thing they do know. for in
stance, is to act Immediately upon
the first symptom of chill which
attacks them.
The common "rold" did not get its
Evening star., 1935-01-03
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
BY FREDERIC ]. HASKIN.

A reader can get the dnswer tc
any question of fact by Uriting The
Washington Euening Star Information
Bureau, Frederic J. Hdskin, Director
Washington, D. c. Please inclost
stamp for reply.
@. Do members Of Congress have
tax?-M. A.
A. Members Of Congress are sub.
ject to Federal income tax just a,
are all people in the United States
They are subject to all other take.
according to the laws Of the State,
in which they live. The only income!
exempt from Federal income take
are those paid to State employees.
@. Do more people in the Unitec
States die Of excessive cold or exces
sive heat?|. New.
A. In 1880, the census figures fol
these causes of death were: Excessive
cold, 337 deaths; excessive heat, 1,48'
deaths.
@. What is a railroad conscience
fund?-A. D.
A. Conscience fund is nickname
given to the money sent into the rail.
roads by persons who have failed Il
pay or who have underpaid their fare
Q. What proportion of the popu-
lation is color blind?-K. M. c.
A. The Public Health Service say;
that congenital color blindness occurs
in from 8 per cent to 4 per cent oi
males and in only 0.3 per cent OF
females. It generally affects both
eyes and is often hereditary.
@. Who said Don't cheer boys
the poor devils are dying"?-T M
A. It was said by Capt. Jack Philip
United States Navy (the late Rear
Admiral J. w. Philip, who was ir
command of the United States Battle.
ship Texas. in Santiago harbor. II
was said regarding the enemy on the
cruiser Infanta Maria Teresa and the
Oquendo when forced to surrender
to quiet the loud cheering of the
Americans over this victory, July 3
1898.
@. In what continent are there the
most Jews?-J. F. S.
A. In Europe. 1t has about 10000
600: Asia, 100000; North America
1000, 900, most of these in the United
States.
@. Why do some lakes In Northern
Florida disappear and then reap
pear?-M. K.
A. The lakes in Northern Florida
occur In sinkholes formed by the cav
ing in of the roofs of caverns resulting
from the solution of the limestone
which underlies that region. Ths
lakes form in these Sinkholes wher
the outlets become clogged. If the
outlet water becomes free of the OBJ.
struction which has prevented the
water from escaping through some
underground passage. the lake il
drained. Another obstruction over the
outlet may cause the lake to refill
This process may be repeated any
number of times, depending on wheth-
er the outlet OF the sinkhole is open
or obstructed. Sinkholes are common
in many regions underlain by lime
stone forma tions.
@. What is the origin of'the famous
thorn bush at Glastonbury Cathedral:
"A. L. B.
A. According to tradition the IA
nous thorn at Glastonbury Cathedra
was brought and planted there by Jo-
seph Of Arimathea and was part of the
crown of thorns which was pressed
upon the brow of Christ. According
to tradition it blooms at Christmas
time and the possession of piece is
said to insure good fortune through
the year. There is also a slip which
has grown from a. gift from Glaston-
bury at the Cathedral of Sts. Peter
and Paul. now building in Washing
ton, D. c.
Evening star., 1935-01-03
Not Absolutely Essential.

From the Kansas City Star.
When we told the young folks IN
our block about the great mistletoe
shortage again this year, they said 1t
was too bad, but they believed they
could get through the holiday season
with careful management.
Evening star., 1935-01-03

Some of the advertising radio an
nouncers help to cheer the listening
public by making the old encyclopedia
sound as much like joke book as
possible.
Evening star., 1935-01-03

There may be too many automobiles
for public safety, but the Department
of Agriculture can neither pillow them
under nor slay them.
Evening star., 1935-01-03

Some public benefit may be derived
from the remissness Of those who
neglected to get their 1885 motor tags.
Danger Of fatal crashes will be
lessened in some slight percentage.
Evening star., 1935-01-03

The first letter Of the alphabet takes
on further responsibilities as one
A. A. A. undertakes to regulate auto
mobiles while another A. A. A. man
ages agriculture.
Evening star., 1935-01-03
Sea Perils.

From the Roanoke Times.
The Navy Department reports that
seventy-seven sailors were killed last
year by automobiles. A life on the
ocean wave Is not without its peris.
Evening star., 1935-01-03

Christmas carols will be missed.
They proved an agreeable interruption
to the collegiate flow Of Sweet
Adeline."
Evening star., 1935-01-03

There is no doubt about Stalin's
making his ideas effectual if he can
go ahead with his policy of killing off
everybody who disagrees with him.
Evening star., 1935-01-03
Borah Would Balk.

From the Milwaukee Sentinel.
Mr.. Borah would be first to object
to the tingiing love appeal, Stay as
You Are" as a theme song for the
Republican elephant.
Evening star., 1935-01-03

If too many libel suits are deemed
necessary, there may have to be some
thing like N. r. A. code for attor-
neys.
Evening star., 1935-01-03
Wisdom for All.

WE0VVm IOT hus
"You can't doubt the wisdom of the
court?"
II never have doubted IT," answered
Senator Sorghum. Even when I do
not agree with q decision there's
usually a dissenting opinion Of which
I can heartily approve"
Evening star., 1935-01-03
Among Nations.

Among Nations.
In Russia, mid the cruel snow.
When in the early morning
The executioner must 60
To carry out a warning,
Why not have melody on hand
To cheer the unbeliever
With music by a British band,
They're Hangin' Danny Deever"?
Evening star., 1935-01-03

New Year receptions with hand
shaking have been dispensed with.
The President has not even time
enough to read all his fan mail.
Evening star., 1935-01-03

It is too much to expect that freedom
of the news will put q microphone
with a national hook-up into a caucus
rnnn
Evening star., 1935-01-03

Jud Tunkins says he kind O. likes
the idea of Government ownership.
He could at least try to vote some
sassy credit man" out of Office.
Evening star., 1935-01-03
Parking Space.

Parking Space.
"Where Is Mesa Bill?"
1--WE sent him to the Legislature" /"
answered Cactus Joe.
what for2"
"Well, we had to put him away
somewhere. And the jail's full up"
"Eloquence," said HI Ho, the sage
of Chinatown, "is the great gift that
enables my neighbor, Hi Hat, to con-
vince himself that he Is always right. f"
Evening star., 1935-01-03

The Associated Press is exclusively en-
titled to the use for republication Of all
news dispatches credited to it or not other
wise credited in this paper and also the
local news published herein. All rights Of
publication of special dispatches herein
are also reserved.
Evening star., 1935-01-03
Rate by Carrier Within the City.

Regular Edition.
The Evening Star. 45c per month
The Evening and Sunday Star
(when 4 Sundays. 80. 60c per month
The Evening and Sunday Star
(when 5 Sundays 80. Csc per mcnth
The Sunday Star ar......5c per copy
Night Final Edition.
Night Final and Sunday Star. zoe per month
Might Final Star ~. snd =, meneh eaeh
month Orders may be sent in by mail OF
telephone National 5000
Evening star., 1935-01-03
Criticism in Reyerse.

The Congressman-that patient elf
Sees funny pictures of himself
With bushy whiskers and attire
Which old "futurists" could admire.
He doesn't let his anger rise.
His time he faithfully applies
And plays an honorable game.
Do we who sneer all do the same?
Evening star., 1935-01-03
The Evening Star Newspaper Company

11th st. and Pennsylvania Ave.
New York ONCE; 11o East 42nd ST.
Chicago ONCE: Lake Michigan BUILDING.
European Ofdce: II Regent St.. London.
England.
Evening star., 1935-01-03
Rate by Mail-Payable In Advance.
MARYLAND and Yirginia
All Other States and Canada.
Member Of the Associated Press.

Daily and Sunday. yr.. S12 90: l mo-. ST 90
Sunday only. =. yr.. $500; mo-. SOC
Evening star., 1935-01-03

"Dar Is . heap O. colleges" said
Uncle Eben, "but dey don't have
enough classes to teach folks how to
run automobiles wifout hurtin' any
body" -
Evening star., 1935-01-03

O. In what continent are there the
most Jews?-J. F. S.
A. In Europe. 1t has about 10000
900: Asia, 100000; North America.
1000 900, most of these in the United
States.