davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker., 1935-02-05
Change
the
World i!
By MICHAEL GOLD

THE agitation for the Workers Unern-
ployment and Social Insurance Bill still
sweeps the nation. In thousands of cities
and villages, in mining camps and the
dark holds of ships, in secret cabins where
the southern sharecroppers meet and in smoke
laden A. 2 Of L. locals, the dangerous talk goes on.
Yes. it is a dangerous movement dangerous for
the capitalists 1t means that millions Of men
and women in this country who favor the bill at
last realize that people who work should not be
made beggars They have a full right to claim
life liberty and happiness as their pay from the
industries they have built UP. Industry and its
fruits belong to them-they have paid the price
with years of their blood and sweat.
The unemployment crisis is not their fault. They
worked faithfully and are still more than willing
to work why is there no work? 1t must be
the fault Of those who claim to own and manage
the great machines Of production those who have
boasted that their swollen wealth was just
ward for their superior brains
If there is breakdown in their system, it must
surely be their own fault and not the fault Of their
wage slaves Let the capitalists therefore, be made
to pay for their own inefhcency. Let not the price
be paid by those who are not guilty, those who
have no wealth. those who often starved during
prosperity" and now are asked to die.
The daily worker., 1935-02-05
Money Bags in Danger

THE workers Bill for Social and Unemployment
Insurance, though it may have originated in the
minds Of the Communist leaders, is not revolu-
tior1ary bill.
1t is only a practical measure to save the work
ing class of America from their immediate Starva-
ton. But its basic viewpoint, that industry owes
the workers a continuous living, is what alarms
the capitalists
There are dozens of other movements for un-
employment and social insurance that shows how
the wind Is blowing Dr. Townsend of California
with his weird scheme for old age pensions, has
been given a hearing in congress and has many,
supporters there
Utopians and Epic planners and many other
groups are taking up the same cry with millions
of people behind them. The money bags of the
capitalists are in danger; and all their politics to-
day is directed toward stopping this social nsur-
ance drive by giving the workers some kind of in
expensive sop.
The Wagner bill is ideally designed for this
a slick corporation lawyer must have drawn it up.
The Hollywood department of capitalism has begun
making movie propaganda for this fake lying BILL
was in movie house the other night, and saw
one Of their little efforts The audience laughed
at it. Who wouldn't?
1t seems that under the Wagner bill, if 20
year old worker begins paying some So a month
out of his pay from 1887 on, in the year 1882 when
he is 65 years old, he will receive the magnificent
pension of $40 month.
In other words, the Wagner Bill is all for old
age instiraf1ce-btt it must begin in 1892
The daily worker., 1935-02-05

IN smaller scale the tragic epi-
v sode of Cattaro has for us
similar significance. The BUR-
den of the play, in my opin-
ion, is precisely the dra m a til c
presentation of the errors Of
leadership in the revolt of Cattaro,
and if the play contains any mes
sage at all it is a message Of warn
ing that such errors should be
avoided in the future; and a
message of hope that these errors
will be avoided in the future, For
all the tragic mood generated by
the surrender of the sailors and the
court martial of their leaders, the
audience comes away with an OPP
timistic feeling and a valuable les
son epitomized in the last words OF
the leader of the revolt: next time
better, comrades!"
It must be said, however, that the
basic message of the play has not
been brought out with the neces-
sary clarity either in the direction
or the acting Of the play. It is not
brought out as clearly as 1t should
have beeen that the defeat of the
sailors was not due to the ihstitu-
ton of the Sailors Council as such,
but to the empty democratic for
mslism fetishized by some of the
leaders of the revolt,
The daily worker., 1935-02-05
An End to Charity

THIS workers Bill is challenge to the whole
system It's demand that there be an end to
all this charity relief business, this degrading mis-
erly dole that undermines the pride of every man
who receives it, is a symptom of great change in
the American mass-mind.
However slowly and crudely it may be, the Amer
lean masses are beginning to see through all the
false masks Of rugged individualisn." The mil
lonaires have told them for many years that every
American could be president or could make mil
lion dollars They have believed this, and it has
been opium to them in their hunger. But now
they are giving up this pie in the sky and demand
ing In no uncertain tones what is important
than a mythical million dollars-a living wage
every day in the year, for employed and unem-
poyed.
In other words, industry owes them a living
This world they have made with their clever hands
and shrewd American brains really owes them a
living. 1t owes it to them, certainly, much
it does to the on-clippers, the parasites who
flock to Florida and Nice in the winter the yachts
men, the night club hounds the charity ball ladies
and the spendthrift college boys.
The daily worker., 1935-02-05

Confronted with an alternative
of saving either the revolt or the
formal procedure of democracy. the
leader decides that the latter is
more "sacreT than the former,
One Of the leaders is exasperated
by such Journalism and jumps to
the hasty conclusion that the Sail
ors' Council is bad thing all
around; but his comrade corrects
him by pointing out that the Sail
orS' Council is the very basis of
leadership, but that the responsible
leaders in charge cannot afford to
use the Sailors Council as an ex-
cuse for delaying action when delay
is fatal,
The last three scenes of the play
dealing with the contradictions and
errors of leadership are difuse and
do not drive to the main pooint. In
the leading role Tom Powers ap-
parently is not alive to all the DO
litical implications of the play and
of his part, and this lets the play
down a good deal.
But these faults are as nothing
compared to the powerful sweep Of
the play, its stirring dramatic quality
and its profound revolutionary
message. Louder than the tragedy
or defeat rings its lesson and mes
sage Of hope Next time better,
comrades"
The daily worker., 1935-02-05
The japanese InUasiOn

Question: What is the relationship Of outer
Mongolia to the Soviet Union? Was the japanese
invasion Of the Outer Mongolian border aimed at
the U. S. S. R?-G. P.
Answer: outer Mongolia is not a part Of the
Soviet Union 1t is an independent republic which
maintains friendly economic and political relation
ships with the o. S. S. R.
The japanese invasion Of the Outer Mongoisn
border is part Of their constant preparations for
an imperialist war against the Soviet Union. In
the first place it expands the boundaries of the
japanese puppet state-NIanchukuo which the Jap
anese imperialists redefine to suit their own pur-
poses. Secondly it puts the Japanese military
forces in strategic position to attack and cut the
Trans-Siberisn Railroad at Chita. Thirdly, the
Japanese army is now astride the main caravan
route from Mongolia to China. and can throttle
Soviet trade along this route whenever they choose
For detailed and up-to-date information follow the
foreign news in the Daily Worker and the many
articles that interpret the and events in the
Far East
The daily worker., 1935-02-05
Can Sailors of Cattaro
Be Called a 'Defeatist' PLAY?
Errors of Leadership
And Tactics Serve
AS Lessons To-day
By NATHANIEL BUCHWALD

BY NATHANIEL BUCHWALD
THE current play of the Theatre
Union, Sailors Of Cattaro," by
Friedrich Wolf, is undoubtedly one
of the most profound and moving
dramas in the revolutionary the
atre, Bourgeois critics admire it
les pite the revolution7fy con-
tent, the proletarian audiences
thrill to 1t precisely because of its
stirring revolutionary message.
Yet in the general chorus of
praise one can discern a note of
dissent sounded by some Of our
revolutionary critics and echoed by
portion of the audience to the
effect the "SaiIors Of CattarO" is a
"defeatist" play. If you take the
meaning of the word "defeatist"
literally, this charge apparently is
true. The heroic revolt of the
Austrian sailors on the flagship st.
George in the Bay of Cattaro ends
in fairure. Apparently nothing has
been gained and the leadership of
the revolt was lost to the firing
squad. What can be more defeat
ist" than such an ending?
But to view defeatism in litera-
ture from such naive standpoint
is to misunderstood the term,
Friedrich Wolf would have rendered
questionable service to the revolu-
tionary movement if he had falsi-
fled history and invented a happy
ending" for the tragedy of Cattaro.
While one may not be against wish
fulfilling happy endings in revolu-
tionary plays, where the plot is
based essentially on the dramatist's
invention, one surely would object
to falsifying the history of the rev.
olutionary struggle in order to pro-
vide fictitious victory as a con-
cession to the sentiment Of the
audience. Imagine the "revolu-
tonsry" playwright who would write
the drama of the Paris Commune
and represent it as complete
triumph OF the proleCarlat!
Nor can We accept the principle
that only the victories of the revo-
lutionary movement should be dra-
matized. Sometimes defeat, viewed in
historic perspective, may be as in
spring and instructive to the pres
ent generation of revolutionists as
the victorious moments in the class
struggle, Surely, the Paris Com
mune remains as an inspiration to
revolutionists today despite its de
festist" ending, 1t is from the er-
rors of leadership and tactics in
the Paris uprising of 1871 that the
Russian revolutionists learned many
valuable lesson that helped them
avoid similar errors in the October
Revolution.
The daily worker., 1935-02-05
CHAPTER "
The Heir of Lehin-The Communist
international

THE Bolshevik Revolution Of 1917
1 opened a new world era, the
era of the world socialist revolu-
ton. For this reason, Its signit1-
canoe is not primarily Russian but
international. The leadership Of
Lenin is not primarily Russian, but
an international leadership.
The expression of this interna-
tional leadership is the Communist
International.
The conception Of the Communist
International or Third Interna-
tional was reached by Lenin al
ready in 1914, Immediately follow
ing the collapse of the Second In
tetnational. At that time he wrote
of its task in contrast to that of the
Second International:
The Second International did
its full share of useful prepara-
tory work in the preliminary or
ganization Of the proletarian
masses during the long peaceful
epoch of TIE most cruel capitalist
slavery and most rapid capitalist
progress In the last third Of the
18th and the beginning Of the
goth century. The Third Interna-
tional is confronted with the task
of organizing the forces Of the
proletariat for a revolutionary
onslaught on the capitalist gov
ernments, for civil war against
the bourgeoisie OF all countries,
for political power, for the vic
tory of Socialism. (V. I. Lenin,
THE Imperialist War" p. 49,
The Communist International
was founded in 1919. In its first
three Congresses, from 1919 to 1921,
Lenin took closest part and led the
entire work, both in respect of or
ganization, formulation of policy
and the drafting of the principal
documents. In the Fourth Congress
in 1922 he still took part, although
he was only able to do so to a
limited extent.
Lenin was under no illusions as
to the heavy task confronting the
Communist International or the
long and painful process necessary
before reaching the strength for
victory. In August 1921, after the
Third Congress, he wrote;
The daily worker., 1935-02-05
Tuning I'm

O-wEAF-Three scanps, Songs
WOR-Sports Resume-Stan Lomax
WJz-Amos m Andy-Sketch
WABC-Myrt and Marge-Sketch
7:15-WEAFLJack Smith, Songs
WOR-Lum and Abner-Sketch
WJz-Morton Downey, Tenor; Sin
atr Orch; Guy Bates Post Mar
wABC-Just Plain Bill-sketch
WEAF-Easy Aces-Sketch
WOR-The Street Singer
WJZ-Edgar Guest. Poet; Charles
Sears, Tenor; Concert Orchestra
WABC-Jerry Cooper, Baritone
7:45WEAF-The One House Legislature
Senator George w. Norris of
Nebraska
WOR-Comedy and Music
WABC-Boake Carter, Commentator
00-WEAF-Reisman Orchestra; Phil
Duey, Baritone
WoR-Borrah Minevitch Harmonica
Band; Henry Burbig, Comedy
WJz-Dramatic Sketch
WABC-Concert Orchestra; Frank
Mum, Tenor; Hazel Glenn. Soprano
s:so-WEAF-wsyne King Orchestra
WoR-variety Musicale
WJZ-Lawrence Tibbett, Baritone;
John B. Kennedy, Narrator; Con-
cert Orchestra
WABC-Lyman Orchestra; viyienne
ssgal Soprano; Oliver Smith,
Tenor
9;0o-WEAF- Bernie Orchestra; Lupe
Velez. Actress
Eillbiliy Music
WJz-Grace Moore, Soprano; Con-
cert Orchestra
WABC-Bing Crosby Songs Stoll
Orchestra; Mills Brothers Songs
9:S0-WEAF-Ed Wynn, Comedian; Duchin
Orchestra
WOR-Dark Enchantment-Sketch
WJz-Play-Old Words to New Music
WABC-Jones Orchestra; Douglas
Stanbury, Baritone
o0-WEAF-Operetta- Only Girl,
With Gladys Swarthout, Soprano;
John Barclay, and others
WOR-Channing Choir
WABC-Gray Orchestra: Anette
Hanshaw, Songs; Walter O'Keefe
:15-WOR-Current Events-H E. Read
1o:3o-wOR- -Sihfonietta; Hans Lange, Con-
ductor
WABC-Emery Deutsch. Violin
10.45-wfZ-To Be Announced
TABC-voice Of the Crusaders
The daily worker., 1935-02-05
A Stirring Issue

IT WOULD be interesting think, if in every COM
munity were set up kind of permanent Peoples
Council for Unemployment and Social Insurance.
1t should meet regularly, and delegates be in
vited from every group agtating for such irslir-
ance = all the Utopian outfits, technocrats epic
planners, Townsend followers, etc.
Let them join in discussing this workers bill,
and comparing it with their own plans If the
American masses win no social insurance it will
be because they have been divided into a hundred
different groups, each with its own ingrown fanat-
cisrn each in the position Of negating the efforts
of the other group.
The recent great Congress for unemployment
insurance in washington was the finest example of
a united front We have yet seen in this country.
Let the Peoples Councils go building daily the
united front that begun there. Here is an issue
that stirs the American nation. 1t is the issue
that affects all of them more intimately than any
other You can unite them on this issue where
1t may not yet be possible on the more general
political problems.
The daily worker., 1935-02-05
Bulletins 8

FACTS AND FIGURES ON WAR
AND FASCIS1I, published By the
American League Against War
and Fascism, 112 E. 18th ST., New
York City.
ANYTHING like a "fact service"
looks good to those of us in the
Labor Research Association who
specialize in this field. But some
services Of this kind tend to be
rather dull and carelessly gotten up.
Not so the one called Facts and
Figures on War and Faseism put
out by the American League Against
War and Fascism. 1t contains the
sort of stuff that every editor, writ
er, speaker, worker, farmer-iil fact
everybody-needS who is engaged in
the life and death struggle against
capitalism's twin ofTspring-war and
fasciSm.
Some of the subjects covered to
date have been the profits of the
munitions industry, the spread Of
military training in the U. s.; the
International naval race; the Ro0se-
welt war budget "a good tabular
presentation), some telling Shorts"
on the budding fascist Father
Coughlin, the conflicts in the Chaco
and the Saar; the munitions ship
ments to China, Japan and Cuba;
the rearming Of Germany; the de-
velopment Of the corporate state in
Italy, and other items on trends to-
ward fascism in the U. S.
The material is well chosen and
a rood part of it seems to be from
comparatively rare sources such as
technical and foreign periodicals.
The service is comparatively
edited by a group of volunteer re-
searchers and the editor welcomes
suggestions and items of inforrna-
ton which readers may send in.
ROBERT w. DUNN
The daily worker., 1935-02-05
Life and Teachings Of Lenin

work itself into frenzy, commit
stupidities, take vengeance in adj
vance on the Bolsheviks and en-
deavor to exterminate in India,
Hungary, Germany, ETC.. more
hundreds, thousands, and hun
dreds of thousands of the Boil
shevikS Of yesterday or those Of
tomorrow. Acting thus, the bour-
geOisie acts as did all classes con-
demiied to death by history.
The Communists must know
that the future at any rate is
theirs; therefore, we can and
must unite the intensest passion
in the great revolutionary strug-
gle with the coolest and s0berest
calculations of the mad rawlings of
The bourgeoisie. In all cases
and in all countries Communism
grows: its roots are so deep that
persecution neither weakens nor
debilitates, but rather strengthens
it. CLeft-Wing" Communism,
Oh. X.)
II IFE will assert itself" In this
IL basic understanding Lenin pro-
claimed his confidence in the final
victory of the world socialist revo-
lutin, despite all reverses and tenn
porsry defeats, exemplified today in
the temporary rule of fascism in
Germany, which can only pave the
way for a new and deeper and
finally victorious revolutionary up
heaval.
Only the proletarian, socialist
revolution is able to lead human
ity ont Of the blind alley created
by imperialism and imperialist
wars. Whatever difficulties, pos
sible Temporary reverses, and
waves of counter-revolution the
revolution may encounter, the
final victory of the proletariat is
certain. ("Materials Relating to
the Revision of the Party Pro-
gram" THE Revolution of 1917,
Book l, p. 327)
Through the Communist Inter
national it falls to those living after
Lenin, in conditions of deepening
world crisis and urgency, to be able
to carry forward this fight, a fight
for no limited aims, but for a new
era of humanity, to the final vic
tory, which it was his triumph tc
inaugurate. but which he could no.
| live to complete,
The daily worker., 1935-02-05
Literature
to the Masses
Conditions for Success of Our Program

COHuIt0HS IOT DucCeSS OF UHF Program
7 Asst week Jan 29) there was announced in this
column the beginning of gigantic program Of
literature publication nd distribution, including a
250OOO edition of why Communism" 100000
copies to be distributed by May l. 100000 edition
of "The Communist Manifesto" to sell at 5 cents
each, along with whole series of low-pricsd
pamphlets dealing with every phase Of the class
struggle in the United States In order to carry
out this program. in the districts, sections, and
units of the Party the following basic conditions
are necessary:
l. Mobilization of the entire Party and all mass
organizations for literature distribution. Many
tions and units Of the Party particularly in smaller
industrial cities outside of the district centers min
ing fields ETC., as well as trade unions and mass
organizations at present not distributing litera
ture.
2. Literature distribution must become part Of
the everyday work of each Party member and revo-
lutionary worker. The work of the Party in every
campaign every activity in the shops or organiza-
tons every strike or demonstration every meeting
and affair both Of our own and opponent organi-
zations, every individual assignment of comrades
in the units and organizations, must carry with it
the distribution of suitable literature. Communist
activity without literature distribution cannot
achieve high degree Of effectiveness.
3. mobile literature distribution apparatus
must be set up everywhere which quickly reacts
10 the neSOS LOT literature LOT our ana sup
plies all Party members and revolutionary workers
with the proper literature for their work among
the million-masse
4. very sharp campaign of criticism must be
conducted against every vestge of financial ir-
responsibility in the handling of literature funds.
Every single literature bill must be paid Payments
must be made with the greatest promptness. The
publication of all of the literature which is proposed
will involve tens and hundreds of thousands of dol
lars 1t can be accomplished only if the literature
distribution is made quickly, and bills paid promptly
when the literature is sold Comrades failing to
do this are simply standing in the way - are
stumbling block to our REACHING THE MIL
LIONS with our literature, and they must be ruth
lessly brushed aside
CieUeiand Section Sells 30 Lenin Sets
Literature Commission,
Dear Comrades:
Here's the latest news on otir Sections sale OF
Lenin Sets Up to Jan. 81, we have sold 20 SETS
Having quota Of eight sets for our six units, we
have thus far achieved $50 per cent of our quota
The sets were sold as follows:
1 to each unit library ............... sets
individual Party members ........... sets
Non-Party members .................. sets
TOTAL 20 sets
SECTION LITERATURE DIRECTOR,
SECTION g. CLEVELAND.
This speaks for itself What are other sections
and districts doing? Who will challenge this Sec
ton to revolutionary competition?
The daily worker., 1935-02-05

We have now Communist
army throughout the whole world,
though as yet poorly developed
and badly organized. To forget
or seek to conceal this fact would
be merely to endanger the caiise.
1t Is our duty to build up and
organize this army, to train it in
all sorts Of movements and strug-
giles, in attacks and retreats, in
which great care should be OBJ
served in studying the experiences
of each movement. There can be
no victory apart from this tedious
and hard schooling ("Letter to
the German Communist Party
October 1921
I ENIN knew that a long process
L. of struggle was in front, with
inevitably many defe~-~ cud tenn
porary victories Of the counter
revolution in particular countries.
The bourgeoisie sees in Boil
SiltNESku UttlN OtiC Slut
rection, violence, terror; 1t en-
deavors, therefore, to prepare it
self, especially for resistance and
opposition in that direction alone.
1t is possible that in single cases,
in single countries, for more or
less short periods, they will sue
coed. We must reckon with such
possibility, and there is abso-
Iutely nothing dreadful to us in
the fact that the bourgeoisie
might succeed in this.
Communism Springs up" from
positively all sides of social life,
its sprouts are everywhere, with
cut exception-the "contagion"
Ito use the favorite and "pleas-
antest" comparison of the bour-
geoisie and the bourgeois policel
has very thoroughly penetrated
into the organism and has totally
impTegnated it. If one Of the
events" were to be stopped up
with special care, "contagion"
would find another, sometimes
most unexpected vent. Life will
assert itself.
Let the bourgeoisie rave let it