davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1935-12-11

Mems Ties

Quite naturally you want the ties you give to bespeak
your good taste and good Judgment we'll your
high regard for the recipients So it follows just
naturally that your gifts want to be really fine ties
Woodward & Lothrop ties.
Evening star., 1935-12-11

Four Steps in the
Construction of Fine
Handmade Ties
LINING CUTTING. Good lin.
ing, expertIy cut, is the founds-
tion of all good neckties. Good
lining at its best is pure wool cut
on the bias, determining not only
the shape of the tie but its life.
CUTTING. All really good
neckwear is cut on the bias with
a short knife against heavy card
board patterns. The large and
small ends are cut one next to the
other in reversed positions.
LAYING IN LINING. A simple
gauge of heavy cardboard is here
used to place the lining in its
proper relation to the tie itself,
so that the planned shape will be
maintained at standard.
SLIP STITCHING. In this all
importa. = operation, the main
seam, which forms the tube of the
ties, is com. ,Ieted. Resilient con. =
struction is dependent upon loose,
even stitches sewing lining to back.
Evening star., 1935-04-07

upon which history depends, the first
inquiry should concern the qualiflca-
tions of the witness testifying: it
should seek to discover what facilities
he enjoyed for observing the matters
which he reports. In the second place.
1t should be investigated whether mo-
tives of interest or bias might sway
him in one direction or another. In
the third place, corroboration of his
statements is to be sought from other
witnesses and from what we may term
the logic of actual events.
Only by such processes of sitting
and collating can the truth of any
past transaction ever be reached. 1t
is certainly true that in the main
these processes have been scrupu-
lously followed by conscientious and
painstaking historical writer's. But it
is no less true that very often they
have not.
The foolish prig who conceives that
he is impressive when he asserts that
he never reads fiction because he is a
student of fact, and who rejects with
disdain the well-made, careful and
instructive historical novel. will con-
sumo the proud delight because it
gives him, with little effort, the sense
Of being a studenD the ill-made
grotesque, impossible and sordid f1c-
tions artlessly presented under the
spurious label of fact. 1t was prob
ably one Of these who as a result Of
the particular well from which he
drew his bucket first asserted that
truth is stranger than fiction: but
he failed to discover that well-made
fiction Il never stranger than fact.
Evening star., 1935-04-07

coat of arms and a very circum-
stantial personal history, this man
never lived at all. In short. that
the whole story from beginning to
end is a fabrication, a legend, a
myth without the slightest founda-
ton.
With the value of the legend as a
national inspiration I am not con-
cerned My concern is solely with
its right to place in history. From
this at last, and very reluctantly, 1t
has been expunged. Therefore. I
need not trouble now to trace its
gradual growth and development
through Johannes Won Muller and
Melchior Russ, back to the White
Book of Sarnen, in which it has its
spurious source.
The Man in the Iron Mask and all
the legends that have accumulated
about him are much in the same
case. for. properly speaking. there
never was a Man in the Iron Mask.
He is one of history's synthetic mys-
teries-a mystery gradually built up
by successive historical writers in their
endeavors to explain the initial mys-
tery discovered in the earliest accounts
of his existence.
Let us strip away these speculative
explanations, which have been ac-
cumulating for $50 years, and con-
slider the few bare bones of fact with
which we are left.
In the reign of Louis XIV there was
In the frontier fortress of Pignerol In
1879 a prisoner whose head and face
were covered by mask.
After a time, when Pignerol-the
modern Pinerolo-was given up to
Savoy lin 1894 he was removed
thence with other prisoners and trans
ferred to the lie Ste Marguerite. Four
years later, in 1898. he was trans
ferred again, this time to the Bastile,
where he died in 1903. In the register
of the Bastile his name was given as
Evening star., 1935-04-07
Osaka Gains Fame as Industrial
Nerve Center of Japanese Empire

OSAKA, Japan.-"Being a manu-
featuring and commercial city, Osaka
does not contain many places of gen.
eral interest" So the official guide
book of the japanese empire describes
this city, passing it off lightly, as it
were. in single simple sentence
neither inspiring nor provocative.
Most of the foreign business men,
Americans among them, bankers,
manufacturers agents or importers,
seem to feel the same way about it,
for each will confess with a slight grin
that he does not live in the city-he
merely commutes from Kobe or way
points each morning of the business
week.
Osaka Is much like Pittsburgh or
any other American industrial city.
The youthful employe of the American
bank will tell you Osaka reminds him
of Pittsburgh; the importer of Amer
lean raw cotton will say the same
thing; so will the American insurance
agent, and each will add that it is
like Pittsburgh except that 1t does not
produce steel.
Nerve Center Of Empire.
The Japanese will tell you Osaka
and Kobe, especially the former. are
the nerve centers Of the japanese en-
pire. Upon Osaka the commercial
might Of the empire depends. 1t is
the largest single importer of raw
products from the ends of the earth.
These are transmitted through the
long daylight and night hours and
through feverish processes into the
finished goods which today are swamp
ing world markets, causing tariffs to
be raised, quotas to be designated, cre-
ating i'll feeling for Japan abroad.
Twenty years ago Great Britain
would, and did, fight to maintain her
conn ercial supremacy. Today,
threatened by Japan, she erects tariff
walls, stipulates quotas and wonders
what can be done next without open
resort to warfare Osaka is the party
of the first part principally interested,
in fact most vitally concerned.
Young Men Are Alert.
Streets, Offices and factories are
filled with well-dressed, alert young
men. 1t is their youthfulness and
freshness that first strikes the eye.
In the Alaska Restaurant. 10 stories
up, glass iEclosed, they assemble for
lunch. They don't take two hours
for "tiffin" and then sluggishly slump
into an easy chair as they do across
the narrow Yellow Sea in Shanghai
the business metropolis Of the Far
East. Not these people. They eat
Evening star., 1935-04-07
Underwood Photo.

Marchioly, and his age at the time of
his death was said to have been
about As.
The mask covering his head and
face lend him at once mySteriouSneSS
which is an Indictment to invention.
Since the mask is the starting point
of the mystery it should also be the
starting point of investigation.
Our first shattering discovery Is
that the mask is made of velvet-a
sort of casque, or helmet. covering the
entire head, fitting tightly to it and
held in position by steel springs on
each side.
1t is not difficult to perceive how
fancy was captured by those steel
springs Attention becomes so alb
sorbed in them that it soon loses sight
of the fabric of the mask itself. AS
we advance, narratives cease to men,
ton it. They mention merely mask
with steel springs. Steel and iron
are. after all. akin; and perhaps be-
cause iron has slightly more sinis-
ter connotation-I can think of no
other reason-it comes to be preferred
by the sensation monger.
. Presently the actual springs go the
way of the velvet; only the metallic
substance remains: the manufacture
Of the iron mask is complete. The
mystery has become deeper and more
sinister in consequence. Therefore,
speculation must exert itself still more
actively to explain it. Such mask
must naturally be fixed and immov-
able Why else should it be made of
; iron? Eighteenth century writer's are
i busy clamping. riveting or padlocking
this iron pot to the prisoners head
Inconvenience arising from the in
ability to wash and the growth of hair
and beard are not considered.
/ A reason for this mask must be pro-
vided. and imagination goes briskly to
provide it. If we are at such pains to
conceal the features of man it fol-
Evening star., 1935-04-07

clam chowder or oyster cocktail, onion
soup, a light salad and an ice cream
while discussing business with an
American or one Of their own country
men. With quick nod, not un-
kindly, to their associates, they dodge
back again to their Office or shop or
factory and quickly absorb themselves
in the details of their trades and bust
nesses again
If there Is depression Osaka
doesn't appear to have heard of it.
In fact, month ago almost to the
day this city was hit by a terrific
typhoon that came roaring up from
off the Philippines, up the China
Coast and through the bottle necks
of the famous scenic Inland Sea
When 1t had passed on its way Osaka
estimated the damage as about 300,-
100000 yen-or, as others said, close
to a billion yen, depending upon who
make the estimates. At all events
it was an enormous damage for a
wind lasting less than 10 hours.
All Is Normal Again.
Osaka then announced to the world
through the japanese foreign office
that things are normal again, that
it is prepared to fill all outstanding
orders before they were sent else
where. No speed had been spared to
put factories and workshops into full
working order again. Things here
move rapidly.
Except that it proves a competitor
to their business, Americans ought to
admire Osaka, for it is one city they
could quickly understandable speed
its directness, its capacity to take an
awful wallop on the chin and then
come up smiling again in less than q
month. The admiration, however, will
not be evoked by the beauty of the
| place, for Osaka Is, like most in
dustrial centers, comparatively ugly
But the spirit Of the place is one tc
wonder at and admire.
Copyright. 1884 by Chicago Daily News.)
Evening star., 1935-04-07
BY JESSIE FAINT EVANS.

7HHE historic old building at 2027
G street, soon to be torn down
to make way for new George
i Washington University build
ing. was once the residence OF
Condr. Easby of the United States
NAVY. who was chief of naval con-
struction in the Navy Department
and son Of Capt. Easily, who was
a shipbuilder of Importance at Easbys
Point and owner Of extensive lime
kilns there. The university purchased
this property and the adjoining house,
also to be torn down. from Comdr.
Easbys two daughters. Rosa L. and
Fanny, who never married and who
were known for their good works and
quiet. transformations charities.
Building K of the university. which
was once st. Roses Industrial School,
is occupied by the university library,
and so is the common meeting ground
of all the university's diversified
groups of students, coming from every
State in the Union and from many
foreign countries. The buildings ac-
uuisition by the university was made
possible through the generosity and
!. blic-spirited interest of Abram Lis
ner of the Board of Trustees, in whose
honor it Is known as Lisner Hall.
Here, in addition to the adequate
requirements of modern university,
are interesting old volumes to deEgnt
the book-lover's soul. There are rare
vellum covered volumes dating back
to the early part Of the sixteenth
century. valuable and extensive. from
the collections of Prof. Curt Wachs-
muth of the University of Leipsic and
Prof. Heinzel of the University OF
Vienna. As you unlatch their quaint
old clasps you may perhaps view a
Boccacio's PHILOSOPHY of Love-" a
second edition printed in 1912, with
Richard Heinzel's signature upon the
outer vellum cover. There Is but one
CODY of the same book and edition,
in the Rare Book Division OF the
Library of Congress. The university
possesses also the most complete
known collection Of a uniquely rare
work entitled Robert Harris Collec-
tion of Sermons" The first date
gwen is 1910. This volume has the
distinction of having been printed on
the same press as the works Of Will
liam Shakespeare. But one other
COPY Of this collection Of sermons is
extant-that owned by the British
Museum. A less complete edition has
been acquired at great cost by the
Huntington Library.
A quaint bit of Americana Is o
volume entitled "Washington's Po-
Ntical Legacies," to which u at
Evening star., 1935-04-07
WHITE HOUSE GOSSIP
: DURING THE EIGHTIES
President Cleveland's Probable Mar.
riage Was Principal Tea-Time
Topic in Washington.

This is the torty-ninth of a series
OF Weekly articles on interesting
persons and euents in the National
Capital during the 80S. by Frank
G. Carpenter, ,Corld- famous author
and Traveller. The merit chapter in
the series Dill be published merit
Sunday in The Star.
Evening star., 1935-04-07
OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES
TO VANISHING BUILDINGS
7 Leaders of Nation Sheltered i'm Old
Hamburg Houses Being Demolished
by George Washington University.

tached an account "of his Illness.
death. and national tributes OF re-
spect paid to his memory. with bio
graphical outline of his life and char
acter." Published in Boston by sub
scription in 1900, the list of sub
scribers includes the leading citizens
of the time, and by permission the
book is dedicated to Mrs. Washington
by the publishers. The only other
COPY Of this volume is in the Rare
Book Division of the Library Of Con-
gress.
A volume fascinating in its appeal
to the collector of old books is one
bearing Gen. Woodhull's name, in
herited from his library. 1t is the
second issue of the first edition of
Alice in Wonderland" Still another
in this same category is a first edi-
tion of Swallow Barn or Sojourn
in the Old Dominion" by John
Pendleton Kennedy. with this typical
bit. from the authors viewpoint, as to
Colonial country life in Virginia:
Here was a thriftless gayety. a dogged
but enviable invincibility Of opinion,
and an overfiowing hospitality that
knew no ebb."
It Is interesting to note references
to the university in certain old Wash
ington publications in possession Of
the university library. Thus, in Wash
ington and Georgetown Directory or
the Strangers Guide Book for Wash
ington and Congressional and Clerks
Register. printed in 1853, it is stated
that 1.-The college (the university at
that time was known as Columbian
College, was established in 1921 and
it has educated a large number of
young men. many of whom are now
filling distinguished stations of honor
and usefulness in our own and other
countries. In local advantages the
university Is unsurpassed by any in
stitution in the country, possessing all
the facilities for imparting thor
ough and liberal education"
Neither were Summer sessions a
novelty. In fact, they appear to have
been a scheduled part of the collie
giate year, for we note the following
announcement in this same volume:
"The collegiate yeaf begins on the
third Wednesday in July, when an
nual commencement occurs" Spring
vacations, on the contrary, were much
more of an extended feature, the
statement being made that There is
a vacation of one month from the
third week in March to the third
week in April"
On One of Old Maps.
In j. H. Colton's General Atlas,
the second edition of which appeared
in 1852, the university appears on
one of the old maps with the citation:
"It has a good library. It's catalog
embraces President and IL pro-
fessors, including those of the Medical
CONTINUED On Eighth Page.).
Evening star., 1935-04-07
The Easy Task.

From the Paducah (Ky) sun-Democrat.
The foreign diplomat who asked
America to collect its thoughts appar-
emily thought that easier than collect
ing its war debts.
Evening star., 1935-04-07
A Mere Trihe.

From the Beaver Falls Pa) News-Tribune.
A woman threw her hat into the ring
for mayor of Chicago, but If it was
the type of hat women wear nowadays
the politicians probably never no.
ticed 1t.
Evening star., 1935-04-07

Note.-This is a second and closing
article on the historic backgrounds OF
that section of the city in which
George Washington University is 10
Gated.
Evening star., 1935-04-07

CLEVELAND. the hardest work.
ed man of the administration
is apparently the healthiest.
. He sleeps like a top when he
does sleep, and grows fat on
Evening star., 1935-04-07

historic old building at 2027
G street. soon to be torn down
to make way for new George
i Washington University build
Evening star., 1935-04-07
On One of Old Maps.

CONTINUED on Eighth Page.)
, 1935-01-02
Exarnen Preliminar
de unos Acusados

SHEPHERD, Texas. Enero 2. up
I'm examen de la cauSa sc veri-
ficara ell sabado en- la manana, en-
este lugar o en- Cold Spring. en-
contra del sastre de Livingston,
Clarence Lowrie, y de Tyrus Clark.
acusados de la muerte de Frank
Lavernie, cocinero de una taverna
donde Sc vendia cerveZa, que Sc
encuentra cerca de Urbana, occuri-
da Ell tunes, segun dicen las auto
ridades del condado de San ia
cinto hoy.
Louvre hizo una declaration a
las autorirades, pero no sera divul-
gada sino hasta despues de la
audiencia, dicen los oficiales. Mas
investigaciones sc estan hacienda Y
Sc indica que otros arrestos pueden
ser hechos.
La Investigation fue comenzada
por Ell diputado sheriff Joe Poe,
cuando ell cuerpo de Lavernie, que
habia sido herido en- la espalda. y
golpeado de Ia cabeza, fue encon-
trado en- una zanja como a 800
yardas de la taverna, que era
operada por Charlie Clarke de 50
amos y cuyo termino como teSo-
zero del condado de Polk expire
aver.
Clarke, que tambien estaAa herr
do, fue encontrado inconsciente en-
la taverna, Y murio Ell lunes en- la
noche en- Ell hospital de Livingston.
Tyrus Clarke, uno de los hombres
acusados, es hijo del antique Off
cial del condado.
, 1935-01-02
I'm PRESUNTO
DIFAMADOR
DETENIDO
Especial para e. Heraldo)

MAIAMOROS, ramps, EneTO Il.
I'm individuo, reSidente de Men
dez, lamps, Sc encontraba deteni-
do en- la comandancia de policia
de esta ciudad despue5 de haber ST.
do remitido por un policia montado
municipal como preSunto difamador
de las autoridades, rijoSo v amena-
zante a IN agente de Ia autoridad y
del Oral. Plutarco Elias Gales.
Segdn dice Ell parte de policia, ell
individuo citado trato de amenazar
a un policia con una piStola GUAM
do el primero quiso a~rreStarlo para
conducirlo a Ia comandancia. Lue-
go, sigue diciendo ell parte, inSulto
a Ia autoridad en- plena comandan-
cia.
Sc lie recogieron, segln Ell parte.
unas credenciale Y unas oraciones
que traia en- los bolsillos.
Segun manifesto n persona a
la policia y 10 cual consta en- Ell par
te del dia de hoy, el detenido pro-
firio algunas palabras en- contra
del General Plutarco Elias Gales en-
una cantina local.
Sc ere que sera consignado al
agente del ministerio publico en-
esta ciudad, aSi como a las autori-
dadeS locales correspondence pa
"a que lie apliquen Ell castigo con-
forme a la ley.
, 1935-01-02
DE NUEVO HAY
DISTURVIOS
EN- Ell SAAR
Por Melvin X. Whiteleather
CCorrespcnsal O. la p. A.

SAARBRUCREN. Territorio del
Saar, Enero 2.-tPy-Dos personals
murieron y cuando menos 100 fue-
ron lesionadaS en- un desorden poll
tico verificado en- Ell Saar Ell dia
primerO del ano, segln he Supo hoy.
Armas. Instruments de labranZa.
martillos v varillas de hero fue-
ron uSadas durante los disturbios
habidos entire los nazis y sus adj
verSarlOS. Una media docena de los
lesionados 10 fueron por balas.
Mujeres tomaron parte en- Ell vio-
lento desorden que sc registro ano-
che, preliminariamente al pleibis-
otto que Sc verificara Ell dia Is de
enero. donde nueve tiron fueron
hechoS en- contra de la casa de un
lider de los nazis, de la organiza-
cion de mujeres en- Budweiler. Por
fortuna no resulto nadie lesionado.
III ComiSionado del Saar Geof-
frey @. Knox decide hoy declarar
una amniStia poltica en- cuanto la
campana sc acerque a 81 fin. Pro-
bablemente una proclamation sera
hecha ell dia siete de enero, dando
libertad "a algunoS lideres naziS
que estan esperanto ser juZgadoS
Dor cargos de calumniar al gobier-
no. y a otros prisioneros polfticos.
Juntas politicas diarias sc eStan
efectuando en- TODD el rico terrific
rio. v Jos naziS han dado un ulu-
matum diciendo que todos ~aquellos
que esperan elemental "despues de
que ell yugo extranjero sea removi-
do" deberan de afiliarse a la orga-
nizacicn nazi. del Frente Germano,
para enero 10.
Al mismo tempo los habitanteS
de- Saar que tienen a sus hitoS en-
Iles eScuelaS FranceSas Sc les ame-
naza que deben de sacarloS para la
semana proxima. FelicitacioneS de
ano nuevo del Reichsfuehrer Hitler
fueron recibidas por el jefe local de
los nazls. En- condensation este en-
VIC seglridades a Berlin. de que el
Saar VntaTia por SUI reunion con
Alemania. v que Ia discipline seria
mantenida durante la votacion.
, 1935-01-02
N j E Y OS
5
DEL

Aver tomaron possession de sus di-
ferentes cargoS en- Ia Casa de Corte
del Condado de Cameron en- eSta
ciudad. las personals que reSultaroa
triunfanteS en- las e~lecciOneS efec-
tuadas recientemente en- el conda-
do.
A las ocho de Ia manana de aver
rindio la proteSta como nuevo She
rif del condado ell senior j. A. Art
GoolSby, aSi como suS diputados.
H Juez Oscar @. Dancy, quien
fue electo juez del condado de Ca
meron. tambien tomo possession de
Su cargo.
FL Lie. A. BaScom Cox, juez de la
corte civil y criminal del condado,
rindio tambien SUI protesta.
e senior Ralph 7. Agar. electo a
sesor y collector de contribuciones
presto su juramento igualmente.
En- Las Cortes de PaZ. tomaron po-
session de Il cargos los Senores
Raul Dominguez y Antonio Barreda
Jr.
FL senior Dominguez Salio electo
Juez de Paz del Precinto No. 2. ST.
ito No. 2. mientras que ell senior
Barreda fue electo JueZ de Paz del
Precinto No. 2. Sitio No. /.
DomingueZ, conocidiS.mo residen-
te de Brownsville, derroto en- las
elecciones pasadaS a Bertram
Buck" Combe, en- una sensational
campana.
Barreda derroto por un gran mar
gen de votoS a John Martin en- las
e~lecciones.
Dominguez y Barreda sol dos
de los funcionarios de Ia aza La
tina que salieron electos en las e.
lecciones paSadas. AmboS son lo-
venes v muy conocidoS en- esta ciu-
dad. siendo Dominique hijo del
senior Ignacio Dominguez, que Ia
llecio hace algunos amos Y que sc
destaco por Sus actividadeS politi-
cas- en- esta ciudad. Barreda es hijo
del senior Antonio Barreda Sr., CO.
nocido comerciante de Brownsville.
Otro de los LatinoS que resulta-
ron electoS en- las elecciones paSa-
das fue Ell senior II. d. Lozano, quien
ocupa deSde el dia primero Ell pues-
to de condestable de este precinto.
El senior LoZano tiene su oficina
en- el zotano de la Corte del Conda-
do de Cameron. en- ell miSmo piso
donde Sc encuentran las oilclnaS
de los Juzgados de Paz.
LOZano Sirvio como pOlcia de la
ciudad de Brownsville por espacio
de muchoS amos. habiendo venido a
esta ciudad de San Antonio. Tex.
, 1935-01-02
PROBABLE
Tin CONVENE
EN- EUROPA

PARIS, Enero 2. ZR-La deci-
sion de Austria de aceptar la ga
rantia de su Independence por las
naciones vecinas, es 10 que se dice
en- algunoS circuloS de Francia hoy,
que ha removido uno de los princi-
paleS obStaculoS para la conclusion
del ~proyectado acuerdo Franco-I-
taliano.
Un rapido viaje ce Ginebra a Pa
riS, hecho por NJ. Pfugel. ell delega-
do de Austria a la Liga de Las Ma
clones. Sc dice que fue 10 que pre-
paro Ell canine para el ~convenio.
Aunque Ell ministro de relaciones
extrangeras guarda Silencio acerca
de la c~onferencia, no sc oculta que
conSidera la vista como uno de los
mas importanteS pasoS hacia Ia
consolidation de la paZ en- Europa,
deSde que sc efectuo Ell Tratado de
Versailles.
Austria Sc negaba a tener a los
eStadoS Sucesores,' Y~ugoeSlavia
Checoeslovaquia y Rumania, MEM
bros de Ia pequena entente y ALA
dos de Francia, entire les que ga
~rantizaban su independence, y re-
putadamente fue ayudada por ell
Primer MiniStro MuSsolini. v cons
tituyo n Importance barrera para
completar Ell acercamiento Franco
Italiano.
Despues de la conferencia con NJ.
Pfugel, Laval hizo sus planes para
ir a Roma Ia noche de manana
para hablar con Ell Primer Ministro
MuSsolini de Italia. o esperanzas
de llegar a IN acuerdo final en-
las relacioneS Franco-Italianas Y
de la politica en- conjunto acerca de
Ia parte central de Europa.