davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-28
Relief Cut 1919
In John stoWn

JOHNSTOWN, Pa, Feb. 81. -
Twenty seven hundred relief work.
ers in Cambria County have been
cut off work relief and placed on
direct relief under a sweeping re-
lief cut that has been given to all
the unemployed here. Those on
direct relief have been slashed 40
per cent in their budgets.
According to John Miller, execu-
tive director of the county relief
board, the average direct relief
check to each family, which was
1902 week before the slash. has
now been cut to $3.50. "A family Of
four persons, heretofore getting IS
weekly relief, now gets SO a week.
The relief cut and the stoppage of
work relief, which was threatened
by State Relief Director Johnson, is
part of a general attempt to put
over sales taxes upon the working
population of Pennsylvania.
In fighting the relief cut, the
Johnstown Unemployment Council
has prepared to call a mass demons
stration before the relief offices.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-28
CLASS STRUGGLES MUST BE HANDSPRING OF LABOR PARTY

Labor Party and states categorically
that no steps should be taken for
the formation of a Labor Party on
a national scale. When a firm
foundation has already been laid
for an independent political action,
in unions and other organizations
of workers, a local or state Labor
Party could be launched There is a
still more elementary approach,
where it is advisable, United La
Dor Ticket. But launching party
without sufficient connection from
below will narrow down support for
a Labor Party.
Premature Tendencies
A tendency for premature action
was expressed in an article by
Joseph Shell in the Daily Worker
of Feb. g. In his opening sentence
he declares that a Labor Party is
an immediate possibility in Amer
lea" This, unfortunately, is not
yet the case. Comrade Shell pro-
ceeds to show that in Paterson,
N. j., there is a good opportunity
for such a Party. But Paterson is
not a typical example. In addition
to going through bitter strike strug-
giles, and getting a raw deal" from
Roosevelt, unions embracing ma
jority OF the workers in that city
have replaced their reactionary
leaders with militants, and thus
weakened the main obstacle to a
Labor Party.
The former administration in the
Dyers' Local 1888 is intimately
bound up with the Republican
Party, while the former Lovestone-
tie officials of the Silk Workers are
agents Of the most reactionary wing
in the Socialist Party-the Jewish
Daily Forward. Paterson furnishes
us an excellent example of how eff
fective rank and file activity in the
unions lays the foundation for a
real Labor Party. But most indus
brial centers are still to follow the
example set In Paterson.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-28

autocratic company towns in the
country the company ruthleSsly
suppressing all free speech and as
semblage in the town. West Vir-
ginia State police spread terror
against the strikers.
The decision devotes much space
to praise of J. c. Williams, presi-
dent of the Weirton Co., quoting
williams as saying that What in
lures the company injuries the men. "
Nields said that the company
union "in all respects complies with
provisions of Section IA of NR.A."
He declared that it is "a lawful and
effective organization Of the work
ers for collective bargaining through
repr e senta tives Of their own
choosing"
Brazen Anti Union Stand
The decision of Nields upholding
the company union is more brazen
and open method Of the govern
ment for legalizing the fascist COM
pany unions than that pursued by
Roosevelt. Under section TIA, and
the labor boards set up by Roosevelt
company unions have been strength
ened in all industries. Roosevelt
signed the auto code with its open
shop merit clause, and in March
1884, signed the pact setting up the
Auto Labor Board, a pact which le-
galized company unions in the auto
industry.
The present Weirton ruling, aimed
to smash the Amalgamated Asso-
cations strike preparations through
company union terrorism, and to
influence the reorganization of the
N. R. A. in the direction of estab-
fishing more open fascist unions
seeks to accomplish union smashing
more openly, whereas Roosevelt
under N. R. A. has sought to &C
complish the same thing by more
demagogic methods.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-28

It is its right wing under the lead
ership of Louis Waldman and Abe
Kahn which would compromise as
far as merging with third CAPT
talist party. The Socialist Party did
so in 1924, when it endorsed La
Toilette. We must regard Upton
Sinclair and Paul Blanshard, who
is now in the Fusion administration
in New York, as advance agents in
this trend.
On the other hand, there are
strong left tendencies in the So
cialist Party which could be won
for a genuine Labor Party. If we
concentrate our attack against the
extreme right wing in the Socialist
Party we thereby make it increas-
ingly more difficult for the center
headed by Norman Thomas to go
along with it. OF decisive inpor-
lance in preventing such a fake
Labor Party from arising, is a
firmly rooted rank and file move
ment to undermine the plans Of the
officials in the very unions where
the Socialist Party Right Wing
wants to form its base.
Strikes and Labor Party
The campaign for a Labor Party
can be aligned with every struggle
of the workers, but, above all, it
must be pushed during strikes. 1t
is then that the workers come in
direct conflict with the strike
brc liking forces of the capitalist
parSiaA Strikes such as were ex-
perienced last summer give splen-
did opportunity to convince hun
dreds of thousands and millions of
the need for a Labor Party.
This was especially seen in the
West Coast strike. But it was Up
ton Sinclair who with his dema-
gogy succeeded in diverting the
strong will for independent political
action into support of the Demo-
cratic Party.
The Central Committee warns
| against premature steps to form q
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-28

lCOHttNUtU JTONt Ug6 -
fascism by millions of toilers
throughout the whole world, with
out distinction as to political beliefs
or membership in any organization
simultaneously this was signal for
the wide development of the united
front struggle of the proletariat,
the Communist, Socialist, Christian,
Anarchist and non-party workers,
against fascism and war throughout
the world.
with the assistance of this
militant united front, the prOIe-
tariat will also secure the release
of their imprisoned fighters Ernst
ThaeImann, Matthias Rakosi, and
thousands of others. Only as a
result Of the unwavering iTecon-
cilable class struggle, as con-
trasted with Social Democratic
class collaboration with the bour-
geOisie, will the working class, in
alliance with the other toiIing
strata of town and village, led by
the Communist International and
under the wise guidance of the
leader of the world proletariat,
COmrade Stain, secure the final
victory over capitalism with its
crises and wars and catastrophes!"
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-28
Michigan Heavy Industry
Wages Drop 20 Per Cent
Statistics Show Sharp
Decline of Earnings
Under New Deal

LANSING, Mich, Feb. GA de-
cline of nearly 20 per cent in the
average real weekly earnings Of
workers in the transportation
equipment industry is revealed in
the latest statistics of the Michigan
Department of Labor and Industry.
OF the 216,77O workers in this in
dustry, all except $3.50 are employed
in the manufacture of automobiles,
with most of the rest employed in
auto tire factories.
On the basis of the period Of
1923-26 as 100, the statistics show
that whereas in January, 1894,
real earnings in the transporta-
ton equipment industry were
1O4.1, in January, 1885, they had
sunk to S6.
The Labor Departments statis-
tics show a steady decline in the
real earnings Of workers in this in
dustry under the New Deal. The
1888 average was 1923, while in
1884 it was 1O4.5, and today it is
still lower, as indicated by the fig
ures for January.
The real weekly earnings Of
workers in all Michigan indus
tries also showed a decline, from
1914 in January, 1884, to 1876 in
January, 1888.
These official government figures
are the best answer to the propa-
ganda of the auto companies about
the high wages" they are paying
under their open shop Auto Code.
They show the necessity of pre-
pairing for strike action in order to
win higher wages and better con-
ditions for the tens of thousands Of
men and women in the industry.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-28
Anti-Fascists
Plan Rally
DAILY Worker Midwest Bureau

CHICAGO, ILL.,, Feb. Plum
dreds of Chicago organizations
have endorsed the call of the
American League Against War and
Fascism for an anti-war rally Tues
day evening, March 5, at the Ash
land Auditorium, Ashland Boule-
ward and Van Buren, Street. The
endorsing organizations are issuing
leaflets and calls to the Chicago
workers, in their own names, to at
tend in masses.
Speakers at the meeting will be
Robert Minor of the Communist
Party; Prof. Frederick L. Schumann
of the American League Against
War and Fascism; Albert Hamilton,
chairman of the Student League for
Industrial Democracy; j. c. Austin
of the Pilgrim Baptist Church, with
representative of the Friends of
the Soviet Union.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-28
Insurance Bill Offered
In Michigan Would Bar
Strikers from Benefits

LANSING, Mich, Feb. ga So
called unemployment insurance bill
in line with President Roosevelt's
fake security program has been in
PRODUCED into the State Legislature
The bill has been drafted with the
assistance of DR.. William Haber.
state emergency welfare admins
traitor, and evidently bears the
stamp of administration approval.
The bill would provide benefits of
one-half the average weekly wage,
with fifteen dollars week as the
maximum. Payments would not
start till five weeks after the loss
of employment and would continue
for not more than twenty weeks a
year. Nothing is provided for the
present jobless.
The bill would compel the work
ers to pay part Of the funds for the
insurance.
The bill contains a strike break
ing clause by which strikers would
not be allowed to receive benefits.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-28
Victims Aided
In Soviet Blast
Especial to the Daily worker)

MOSCOW, Feb. 81 (By Cable).-
The machinery Of the workers
state moved swiftly today to aid
the families of twenty-nine persons
killed and injured when COM
pressor exploded yesterday in the
graphite department of a lead
pencil factory in Moscow. A COM
mission was Immediately formed to
render special assistance to all the
dependents of the victims. Soviet
law guarantees adequate accident
and death insurance for everyone
concerned in industrial accidents.
The workers who were at all in
jured or shocked were sent to
sanitoria and rest homes on full
pay.
The explosion occurred in the
Krassin factory when one and a
half ton tank containing compressed
air was hurled through the depart
ment by the force of an accidental
ignition. 1t broke through the
floors of the second and third
stories, then smashed through the
roof. The explosion caused fire
in the factory.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-28
Mellon Dodged Taxes
By Fake Stock Sales,
Government Charges

PITTSBURGH, Feb. 27.-In order
to escape paying income taxes, the
multi-millionaire aluminium king,
Andrew Mellon bought and sold
through a secret holding corpora
ton $350,000 of his own bonds, it
was brought out today in the gov
ernment's suit to collect $4,000, 900
back income taxes from Mellon.
Through this wash sale" the
wealthy monopolist was able to
evade paying taxes on his tremen-
dous investments. Mellon, while he
was Secretary of the Treasury
saved himself about $14,OO0,OO0 il
has been shown.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-28
Huge Profits
For Ship Firm

WASHINGTON, Feb. 81. - War
profits of flfty-seven per cent were
shown to have been reaped by the
Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corpora
ton in the Senate Investigations
today.
The Senate Munitions Committee
uncovered the fact that on an es-
timated capital of less than fifty
million dollars, the corporation
made a profit of $21 100000 out of
war construction.
So great was the business of the
company during the years 1917-21
that the company doubled its cap
ital investment, while its profits in
creased seven-fold, the Senate Com
mittee inquiry showed.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-28
Protest Cards
Urged To Aid
ScOttsbOrO

The immediate task of organized
labor in New York City within the
next two weeks is to flood into
Washington at least $4,000 protest
cards demanding the immediate I'M
constitutional release of the nine
innocent Scottsboro boys and An
gelo Herndon, the New York Dis
trict Of the LID. stated yesterday
Every honest fighter must now be
warned against just sitting by trust
ing to the fairness Of the U. S. SUI
preme Court" the statement said
and continued: Every trade union
local, workers club, all branches OF
fraternal and cultural organizations
women's and youth organizations
churches, lodges and societies, etc.
must Immediately redouble their eff
forts to carry out their share OF
this task.
THE following tasks should be
undertaken by all organizations;
a., Each organization to imme-
diately adopt protest resolution
to be sent to the o. S. Supreme
Court; b.. Each organization i'm
mediately to get quantity of pro-
test cards for distribution among
your membership. All materials are
to be gotten from the New York
District LID, % E. 18th St., Room
514.
THE critical need Of funds tx
carry through these cases (Hern-
don's hearings come up in March
in the U. S. Supreme Court. anC
the New York District LID. at the
present time is preparing briefs to file
the appeal in the Glide Allen CASE
demands once again the unreservet
support of all workers organiza-
lions. In spite of all obstacles, the
funds must be raised. Certainly
now after almost four years of con
tinuous struggle, whatever may bt
the need for funds. it can be raised
and must be raised"
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-28
n. R. A. RUN-AROUND
Textile Labor Relations Board Refers All Cases
to Employers Code Authority

WASHINGTON, D. c. Feb. 81
The Textile Labor Relations Board
is referring all charges Of violation
Of wage and hour provisions to the
Code Authorities Of the respective
branches of the industry, it was
learned at the first meeting of the
Textile Planning Commission yes
terday. Three thousand and six
such complaints, most of which re-
main unsettled, have been received
since October.
The Textile Labor Relations
Board and investigation agencies to
study the industry, were created by
President Roosevelt as a condition
for having the general strike last
summer called of, He promised
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-28

that these agencies would pass upon
complaints Of workers and not the
code authorities which consist en-
tirely of employers as was the case
prior to the strike.
The practice now virtually re-
establishes the former status.
Francis German who headed the
General Strike Committee, and
Thomas Mcmahon President Of
the United Textile Workers, hailed
the Presidents promise as a strike
victory. Workers have been
patiently waiting for Improvements
since October, only to find condi-
tons getting worse. 1t appears very
doubtful now that the U. T. W.
national officials will be able to
avert another strike.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-28

This Is the second of two ar
ticles on the Communist Party's
role in the movement for Labor
Party.
The most important factor which
has contributed to the disillusion-
ment of the masses with the two
capitalist parties is the New Deal
and the struggles of the workers
which it called forth.
The N. R. A, its codes and other
features of the Roosevelt admins
tration's policy have brought the
masses into direct conflict with the
capitalist government to an unpre-
cedented degree. There is hardly a
question concerning the life of the
workers which doesn't rise as a po-
litical question under present cir
cumstances. In virtually all cases
strikes are violation of some ".
R. A. agency's order. Never before
have the workers gone through ex-
penences which expose the govern
ment so clearly as tool of the CAPT.
talists.
For a Working Glass Program
The wave of strikes which has
continued since the introduction of
the N, r. A. has to a greater degree
than ever brought the workers face
to face with National Guards
equipped with gas bombs, machine
guns and all means for suppressing
strikes National Guards were sent
against strikers by the Republican
Governor of California, the Demo-
cratic governors of southern states
and the Farmer-Laborite of Min
neapolis.
Such experiences raise sharply
the issue of an independent working
class program. AS the recent cleo
tons showed, the masses are no
longer content to confine their
choice within the two regular
Party machines. Large numbers did
not switch back to the Republican
Party, but rather sought to express
themselves through the Sinclairs
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-28
Hearst Wants Reign Of Terror
In Schools, Says Glenn Frank
Educators Back Beard
in Condemnation of
Anti-LabOr Drive

ATLANTIC CITY, Feb. 27.-MOre
than 5000 schools will be compelled
to close by March 1 if no financial
aid is received. while last year
3,5OO,000 children had their classes
shut down for lack of funds.
These facts, reported here yeSter-
day at the convention Of the Ma
ionaI Educators Association shed
additional light on the enthusiastic
reception given arlier to DR..
Charles A. Boards denunciation Of
William Randolph Hearst's anti
labor drive in the schools.
Discussing the proposed "investi-
cation against radicslism in the
schools" DR.. Glenn Frank, presi-
dent of the University Of Wisconsin.
warned that such Investigations
create an atmosphere of terror
which if unopposed, means the end
of everything approaching a sound,
reasoned thinking which makes a
great university"
Under Investigation
The University Of Wisconsin is
now under such an investigation, I"
which, DR.. Frank charges, was
directly instigated by William Ran
dolph Hearst.
The 5000 assembled educators
listened in vain for any sign that
Roosevelt was planning to provide
Federal funds for the schools. On
the contrary, his spokesman at the
meeting, Jesse Jones, bringing a
letter from Roosevelt to the conven-
ton, specifically opposed such Fed
eral aid.
Funds for War.
No RIG. funds would be granted
for state schools, Jones declared.
The P.W.A. has granted close to a
billion dollars for war preparations
already.
The economic program Of Roose-
welt was attacked as "madhouse
economics, by James G. Bay, super
intendent Of schools in Easton, Pa.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-28
Continued from Page u

of the program put forward by the
anti-imperialist daily La Palabra.
Support of the Cuban student
teacher strike was voted at a special
emergency meeting of the New York
City Committee of the National
Student League held at noon yes
terday at their headquarters, 257
Seventh Avenue.
Immediate protests must be sent
by all organizations to President
Mendieta, Havana, and to the
Cuban Consul, II Battery Place,
New York, demanding the imme-
date release of the six impris-
Oned anti-imperiahst editors. Res
OlutiOns should also be sent to the
U. S, State Department protest
ing against Ambassador Caffery's
Intervention in Cuban affairs and
stating our determined opposition
to any interference on the part
of q. S. Imperialism against the
Cuban people.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-28
FIGHT IM-CROWISM
Detroit Labor Candidate Offers His Services
To Prevent Eviction of l. L. D.

DETROIT, Feb. 27.-The Inter
national Labor Defense has launched
a mass and legal fight to prevent
the Hugo Scherer Estate, Inc,
owners Of the building in which the
I. L. D. is located, from compelling
it to move because it employs Ne
groes. The attack of the landlords
is directed specifically against F. B.
Maise, Negro worker, who is as
sistant secretary of the I. L. D.
Maurice Sugar, prominent labor
attorney, who is labor candidate for
Judge of the Recorders Court, on
learning of this outrageous action.
Immediately offered his services to
the /. L. D. in the fight to prevent it
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-28
Heavy Industry Makes
NeU AdOance in USSR
Value of January Output Exceeds One and Half
Billion RubIes-2I Per Cent Gain

The greatest increase in output
was iron ore, 41.2 per cent in excess
of January, 1884. Iron and steel
production was 29.s per cent in adj
vance of last year, automobiles and
tractors, 80 per cent. Electric power,
chemicals, glass, pottery, and many
other industries far surpassed the
January plan.
The number of workers in the en-
terprises Of heavy industry in
creased by IL per cent, compared
with January last year.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-28
New Labor Defender
On Sale at Newsstands

The March issue of the Labor De-
fender, now on the newsstands, car
ries striking cover design on the
Paris Commune, number of &C
tual pictures of the Communards
burning the guillotine and of the
barricades in the streets Of Paris
in May 1871.
There are also many other pic
lures and articles of the present day
heroic struggles of the workers
throughout the world. including an
analysis of the present status Of
the Scottsboro case, now before the
United States Supreme Court.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1935-02-28


to question on conditions in West
ern Minnesota.
"Son, you can't paint it too bad.
You can't imagine what we're fac
ing out there. You can go as far
as you like in telling how bad it is
and I'm telling you you won't be
exaggerating it one bit"
Heating and the others backed
their truck up against the broad
plaza of the capitol. Every legis-
lator entering the building couldn't
help but see the mute appeal.
Demand Feed and Seed
1--WE want the legislature to pass
the million dollar feed and seed
BILL" Heating said I'VE just want
to get another start next Spring.
AS it is now, our horses. are too
weak to stand, let alone pull pillow.
Our cattle are almost too weak to
go out and Craze for themselves.
We're right up against the wall ul1-
less we get push to carry us over
the next hill"
Heating said cattle are dying out
that way by the hundreds"
81 mean it," he emphasized.
'Tn the past six weeks more than
500 have fallen over dead from
lack of feed. Our herds, depleted
by the federal cattle buying pro-
gram last fall when we had to
cut down, are being still further
reduced"
Death Would Follow Cold Spell
1.-THE warm weather of the past
few weeks has helped a lot. he
continued. But it's cold again. If
it went down below zero, showed a
lot and stayed cold for several days,
I'm telling you we would be wiped
out.
"COrn is dollar a busheI. We
get S25 a month federal aid.
What can we do with that? If
we could just get enough to get
the horses in shape for blowing
and get the cattle squared around
by the time the grass starts
greening, I'm sure we'd be able
to pay off next fall"