davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-08-24
Estimates Vary

The survey revealed that the ex-
pjectations of individual states from
their liquor taxes varied widely
New York obtained SAL 100000 in
.1934-35, a per capita revenue of
$500, while California anticipates
only So 100000 this year, or about
"a cents per person.
Illinois, New Jersey and Wiscon-
sin were other states expecting to
raise S4,OOO.0OO or more.
Among states operating their own
liquor stores, Ohio tops the list with
an expected revenue of S16,196 600
or S238 per capita. Pennsylvania,
with a goal of s15OOO,OOO, or s1.53
per capita, is next. Michigan seeks
S7,579,0OO.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-08-24
BUYING POWER
SHIFTING FROM
CITY TO FARMS
Rural Sales Show Squirt of
81 Per Cent in Last
Two Years.

The balance between farm and
city buying power. thrr~n out Of
gear by the depression, is being re-
stored. the Agricultural Outlook de-
clared today. Farm cash income in
the first six months of 1885 was up
IA per cent from 1884 and indus
trial workers income rose only s per
cent. Prices of goods farmers buy
are up 4 per cent from last year.
whereas the city worker is paying
13 per cent more for food and per
cent more for rent.
With harvest in full swing and new
crops flowing to market in volume,
it is pointed out. farm spending is
giving a powerful push to industrial
recovery. The index of general
rural merchandise sales has risen 81
per cent in two years.
Other Figures Higher
Figures of farm purchases of i'm
plements. tractors. trucks and auto
mobiles show even more remarkable
increases. Farm equipment pur-
chaSes are up 100 per cent from the
low point Unofficial estimates of
increased farm purchase of automo-
biles and trucks indicate an eX-
pansion of close to $50 per cent.
Farm implement and tractor
sales are continuing at a much high
To- y
tons that wholesale dollar volume
will be so to rs per cent higher IN
1925 than in 1884 Customary sum-
mer factory shutdoWns were can
Celled, plant operation continuing
into midsummer practically uninter-
rupted. Collections too, continue
to show improvement.
"A slight gain in city automobile
sales in July contrasts with a sharp
increase in rural sales.
Building on Upgrade
Building in Middle West rural
communities is stepping up faster
than in cities, according to whole
sale lumber dealers. The index Of
country lumber sales Minneapolis
Federal Reserve Bank is 81 per cent
above last year.
Sales reports on shoes and hard
ware show more life in rural dis
tricts and small cities than in met
ropOlitan centerS.
Summer steel production, sus-
tanned at level that has surprised
business experts, reflects the active
farm demand for automobiles,
trucks, tractors, implements, fenc-
ing and building material.
The largest gain in farm cash
income has been in the Middle West
also the largest gain in rural retail
saleS-42 per cent"
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-08-24
Alabama Bans Sales

Forty states permit sale of liquor,
wine and beer and six others limit
potency to 30 per cent beer. The
only place where a person can't le-
gally buy a drink is Alabama.
Kansas drinkers, although the
state has no provisions for liquor
sales, found a friend in the state
Supreme Court, which ruled that
the intoxicating quality of a bev-
erage can be determined only by its
effect on the drinker-and the
question of drunkenness must be
judged in each individual case.
Since Jan. /. the Legislators As
ISOLATION reported, 81 states have
either made new liquor control laws
or revised their original ones.
Taxes in Wide Range
Like the state estimates of reve-
nue., the taxes imposed on man
ufacturers, wholesale retailers and
cafes have a wide range in the
40 liquor states. A license to man
ufacture beer inn California costs
only 81, but the same license costs
$4,000 in New Jersey.
A permit to make whisky costs
$50 a year in California, as COM
pared with S25 900 in Pennsylvania.
A hotel must pay $1,000 in Rhode
Island for the right to serve high
balls, but hotels in Colorado get
such a license for $40.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-08-24
FREIGHT CARS DECREASE
Those in Good Repair on July 81
Amount to 295,94S.


NEW YORK. Aug. 24.-Surplus
freight cars on Class l railroads in
good repair and Immediately avail
able for service on July 81 amount
ed TO 295.9S4. according to a report
made today by the Association of
American Railroads.
This is a decrease of 21,228 cars
compared with July Is. when there
were 3l72l2 surplus freight cars.
Surplus coal cars on that date to-
tailed 1882, decrease of 1861
for the preceding week.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-08-24
Produce Markets

The prices quoted below sre paid for
stock gathered IN the countr while de-
livered in Indianapolis the price viii be
cent higher Heavy breed hens. 1Sc:
Ieghorn bred hens i0c. heavy breed
cocks. SC: Leghorn breed cocks. &c: col
ored broilers. lbs. and up. lac: Leg
Rack broilers l0c. ducks. full festhered
and fat &C: geese. fun feathered and Fat.
Sc. guineas. i5c each. No. ! strictly fresh
eggs loss of zoe. Each fun case must
weigh IS lbs gross. a deduction OF loo
mound under s. lbs. will be made. Butter
No l. IS a 29c; butterfat 2le. Quoted By
fk.a WaGleN u
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-08-24
STORE SALES INCREASE

70 q 7 TT"''' II III
NEW YORK. Aug. 24.-The New
York Federal Reserve Bank today
reported department store sales in
the Metropolitan area from Aug.
to Aug. IS showed an increase of ID
per cent over the like 1884 period.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-08-24
GETS STEEL MILL ORDER

BIZ Imes Special
NEW YORK, Aug. "a - The
United Engineering and Foundry Co.
announced today it has received an
order from Leechburg Steel Co. a
four-inch high cold strip mill. The
contract, which includes electrical
work to be done by the Westeing-
house Electric Manufacturing Co.,
is valued at 100000.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-08-24
ELECTRIC OUTPUT GAINS

NEW YORK. Aug. 24.-Electric
output of the Standard Gas and
Electric Co. for the week ended
Aug. II totaled S7,O25 ,939 kilowatt
hours, an increase Of IT per cent
over the corresponding week in
1884, it was announced today.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-08-24
Working Capital Small

At the end of 1884, current
liabilities just about offset current
assets, although the latter included
S12,245,00O cash. Net working cap
ital amounted to only $211,0OO. That
item would have a distinct markup,
with $50,00000O of debentures dis
placing that amount of bank debt.
There have been several recent
instances in which corporations
have availed themselves of low in
terest rates to borrow from banks to
retire funded debt. An issue of de-
bentures exclusively to retire bank
loans, therefore, would be something
of novelty in this investment mar
ket.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-08-24
.ReUiezV
Highlights of the
News During
This Week.
by FREDERICK MATSON-
Times Financial Writer

IN the last pell-mell rush TO push
Il through President ROosevelt's
must legislation before adjourn
ment. Congress. tired and not lit
tie fretful at having spent almost
eight months at the grindstone.
passed bills eft and right. The stone
revoved slowy for about seven
months. hardy making steerage-
vay. but its momentum grew in
proportion 10 the desire Of the ak
grinders to be gone, and this week
the sparks few.
One of the most important Of
them left Capitol Hill on Monday.
1t was the bank bill. Signed by the
President yesterday. it became the
Banking Act of 1885.
Salient points. The Federal Res
erve System is drastically reorgan-
lied, much greater authority be-
Ing given the Administration. The
Federal Reserve Board. which now
consists Of six members plus the
Secretary Of Treasury and Con-
troller Of Currency Cthe last two
serving ex of1cio), henceforth will
be comprised of seven members.
the Treasury Secretary and Cur
rency Controller being dropped al
together.
The act also centralizes control
over open market" operations and
rediscount rates. Banks may lend
on collateral not now regarded as
eligible but which they consider
sufficient security. Restrictions on
real estate loans are broadened.
Federal insurance on bank deposits
Is continued, but state banks with
more than s1.0OOOOO in deposits are
required TO join the Federal Re
serve System in order to have such
insurance after 1912.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-08-24
LOCAL CASH MARKET

City grain elevators are paying 7s cents
for No 2 soft red wheat Other grades on
their merits. Cash corn No. 2 yellow
70 cents and oats 19 cents.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-08-24
3 Per Cent Was Considered

The more recent backup in the re-
ception accorded some of the low
coupon refunding offerings is I'M
derstood to be occasioning careful
thought on the question of coupon
rate. At the outset of the negotia-
lions even per cent coupon was
under consideration, it is learned.
but that rate is now said to have
been revised at least so per cent
upward, with AZ per cent, or even 5
per cent, as the likely figure.
At the close of 1884, the COM
panys bank loans amounted to $50
$4,000. This was reduced $1O,384, 900
during 1884. The debt to banks rose
steadily from $12,OOO,OOO in 1927
until it reached $7O,5OOOOO at the
close of 1882.
The object of Anaconda's venture
uniquely reversing the process which
has characterized much of recent
financing activity, would be to i'm
prove the company's current posi-
ton by transferring a huge item of
debt from current to capital liabili-
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-08-24
COUPON RATE
DELAYING NEW
ANACONDA LOAN
Recent Reception to Bonds
With Low Interest Seen
Giving Pause.
BY CHARLES H. HUFF
Times Special Writer

NEW YORK, Aug. 24.-Delibera-
ton on the question of the coupon
rate is reported to be the only item
delaying completion of plans by the
Anaconda Copper Mining Co. to
issue s5O,OOO,0OO of long term con-
vertible debentures for the purpose
of retiring the major portion of the
corporation bank debt.
Official information is not yet
available, but negotiations with un-
derwriters are reported to be prog
ressing from more than one source.
Announcement is regarded as i'm
minent.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-08-24

Is continued, but state banks with
more than s1OOO,OOO in deposits are
required to join the Federal Re
serve System in order to have such
Insurance after 1912.
COUTHERN Senators who had
~ been counting on a continual
ton of the 12-cent government
loan on cotton raised a storm of
protest when the Agricultural Ad-
Justment Administration guaran-
teed producers a minimum of II
cents on their sales and fixed the
loan on the 1895 crop at 9 cents.
The cotton coalition, headed by
Senator James Bvrnes ID, S. c.,
retaliated By getting the ApprO-
priatiOn Committee to attach an
amendment to the deficiency bill
providing for the fiat 12-cent loan
without the subsidy.
Under the new Administration
plan. target of the Southland's at
tack. the government would agree
TO loan farmers 9 cents a pound on
this years crop That supposedly
would give them ready cash and
enable them to delay actual mar
keting of the crop Then. when
cotton is finally sold. the AAA
guarantees that the farmers av-
erage return Will be II cents A
pound 1t would fulfill this guar
antee by making direct subsidy
payment to the farmers.
Whatever the difference is be-
tween II cents and the average
price of spot cotton from Sept. |
to Jan /. will be the amount of
the subsidy. which will be in addi-
ton to benefit payments for re-
striction of production under the
Bankhead act
Markets felt the repurcussiOns of
this battle yesterday cotton
dropped a full cent to around
1Ols cents pound Citing this
drop. Southern Senators asserted
that the new policy would be disas-
trous in the long run.
A MOTHER fOurth-down forward
L N pass in the closing minutes of
the congressional game was the
House compromise" action in ia
vor of the death sentence" in the
Wheeler-Rayburn public utility
holding company bill.
BY vote of 219 to 142 the House
instructed its conference commit
tee to accept language in the bill
which would let the Securities and
Exchange Commission decide what
utility holding companies should
operate more than single inte-
grated systems. In reality it is lit
tie more than the original death
sentence in new phraseology.
The Guffey coal control bill. en-
bOdying a little NRA," setting up
an administrative commission and
providing for collective bargaining
of wages by districts. went to the
White House for certain presiden-
tial signature.
The House Ways and Means
Committee reported cut the rail-
road pension tax bull after chang
ing the levies to an equal basis of
3. per cent Of the carriers pay
rolls and 81 per cent of employees
earnings
The IVA bill containing Admin
istratiOn-re requested amendments
was ready for President Roosevelt's
signature. In compromise move
the Senate and House stipulated.
in effect. that IVA start on an ex-
pan0ed program of supplying
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-08-24

Air Reduction ..l42ls 142A 1921 l4llz
Allied Chem ...lG2M lsl ISL ISL
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-08-24
Local livestock

Reprinted From Yesterday
unGS
The Washington times., 1935-03-08
Utilities Are Higher
On Irregular
Stock List

Weak spots we're Chesapeake &
Ohio, Socony Vacuum and New
York Ship Building. The last fell
more than two points on omission
of the dividend, touching the
lowest level in two years and more.
C. & o. and Socony were sold
down to new 1885 lows.
Rail shares generally showed a
mixed tone, with Union Pacific
down nearly point and New York
Central heavy. Southern Pacific
and AtchiSon we're firm. The
counter seasonal rise in car load
ingS last week was in line with
predictions and had little market
influence.
Little of consequence developed
in the steel shares. United States
Steel and Bethlehem were slightly
higher at times but displayed little
rallying power.
Mining shares were firm though
very quiet. United States Smelt.
ing was above the previous close
most of the time. International
Nickel showed a tendency to sag,
The gold shares were higher.
The Washington times., 1935-03-08

NEW YORK. March G,NsD.- Pc
troleum steady. Crude Pennsylvania
197@255. Linseed oil, per lb;. sS car
lots, TurpentinS. firm, 81. Rosin, steady,
common SO.
The Washington times., 1935-03-08
CHICAGO LIVESTOCK

CHICAGO, March 8 GN.S.).-Hoss-
1900; steady. Holdovers 1000. Top
1855; bulk, $9@9.5O; heavy, $9.4o6965;
medium, $9.4O@9.65; light, 1925 @s,5o:
light lights, &S.75@s.25: packing sows,
$S.75@9; pigs, $7@S.5O.
Cattle-2,OOO; steady. Calves 1000:
steady. Beef steers-Good and choice,
$12@14; common and medium, $1,000
12; yearlings, $11@1375. Butcher cattle
-Heifers $5.5O@11; cows, $4.7569;
bulls, S.75@S; calves. $5@9.75; feeder
steers, s. @S.5O; stocker steers, $56S25;
stocker cows and heifers, $45o@65O.
Sheep-14OOO; steady. Lambs, sS.5n0
9; common, $5@7.50; yearlnEs, $4506
10; feeders, &6.5O@7.5O; ewes, $3.50 q
The Washington times., 1935-03-08
COTTON GOODS

NEW YORK March s GN.SN.
ket continued light today and with
mills displaying little desire for other
than immediate deliveries, prices tend.
ed lower. Constructions which have
not as vet showed a proportionate de.
cline were obtained at concessions eve,
when only moderate quantities were re.
quired. Print cloth was selling in mod
crate volume with prices uncha nged
EXCEPT in the 60x48s, quotations on
which dipped to 5h cents.
The Washington times., 1935-03-08
SHEAFFER RESUMES

W. A. Sheaffer Pen Company
has resumed dividends on its
common stock with a declaration
Of ST. a share for the first half
of the fiscal year ending Febru-
ary %. 1886, payable March is
to stock of record March 9. The
last previous payment was a
Semiannual dividend of so cents,
paid March Is, 1882.
FOREIGN EXCHANGE
The Washington times., 1935-03-08

W i t h strength
and weakness
in special issues
outstanding.
The best per-
formanceS we're
given by Con-
solidated @ a S
and American
Telephone, the
two bear favor
ties in the util-
ity divis on.
American Tele.
phone at one
time was up
nearly 2 points,
hitting q new
The Washington times., 1935-03-08
NEW YORK STOCK EXCHANGE l P. M. QUO7

Name and Net
Dividend Rate High Low 1900 Ch &c
Duquesne 1t pf o.. l04 104 104 - u
The Washington times., 1935-03-08

Montreal funds in New York $3.50
discount at 81 900.
The Washington times., 1935-03-08
NAVAL STORES

"EX-dlVldend.
1920 extra-dividend payable March H.
The Washington times., 1935-03-08

hampers green beans: ao-lb. crates
tomatoes.
LOuisiana-5 barrels salad greens.
rooms.
Cuba-49 bushel crates peppers.
Michigan-31 cartons (55 pounds
eachl Rhubarb.
Unknown Origin-1S crates mixed
vegetables.
The Washington times., 1935-03-08

high for the year. Consolidated
Gas was strong and active. ad-
vancing around a point. Public
Service of New Jersey and other
power shares firmed up in SYM
pathy.
The Washington times., 1935-03-08
NEW YORK WOOL

NEW YORK, March T.N.S) Wool
quiet. Domestic fleece, unwashed, Ohio
and Pennsylvania 2O@28; domestic,
pulled, secured basis, 5000: domestic,
Texas, clean basis 48@67; domestic ter
ritory, clean basis, 4O@67.
The Washington times., 1935-03-08
By LESLIE GOULD

NEW YORK, March 8 GN.S0.
The stock market developed into
a highly irregular affair today
following yesterdays steadinesS.
The Washington times., 1935-04-12

Mrs. F. D. Roosevelt will speak
on Official Entertaining in the
White House" from the studios
of WJSV here tonight at 8
o'clock. AS in the past, her
earnings from the broadcast will
be turned over to charity.
N.B.C. network will broadcast
the opening baseball game sched-
uled for April 16 when Philadel-
phia plays here. There is a pos
sibility that WJSV will also
broadcast the local game, al.
though the st. Louis Cards-CubS
game will be aired by CPS. from
Chicago, " y Z
The Washington times., 1935-04-12
TOday's Radio Programs
TODAY'S FEATURES

TODAY'S FEATURES
WRC Concert, 8 to 9p.m.;
First Nighter, 10 to
1890 p. m.
VVNTAI-9 to 9:15 a. m, Wal
ter DamrOSch Cold
en- Jubilee, 1O:45 to
II p. m; Beatrice
Lille, 9 to $3.50 pm.
wJSV-Mrs. Franklin d.
Roosevelt, 8 to 8:15
p. M; Hollywood
Hotel, $3.50 to 1880
p. m.
VOL How ar Amateur
Night, 9 to $3.50 pm.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-03-29
Baking Done in Mixture of
Butter and Soup
Stock.

There are many good ways of
cooking chicken in pan, but this
traditional Southern method would
be sure to charm any palate on
either holiday or working day.
Have the butcher split the chicken
down the back. After it has been
thoroughly washed sprinkle with
salt and pepper and dredge all over
with flour.
Put in a baking pan with a quar-
ter pound OF butter and half a cup
Of soup stock Put the liver and
heart in first, then the chicken,
breast down.
Cover the pan and put in mod
crate oven. Allow IS minutes to the
pound. Take of the cover every 10
minutes and spoon the pan liquid
over the meat. After taking out the
chicken, mash the giblets, stir in
tablespoon of flour. add a cup Of
rich cream and season to taste.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-03-29

81 YEA Serries
The old-schoOl hostess believed
that the way to have her party re-
membered was 10 serve everything
the market afforded-at least every
thing that her purse would stretch
TO provide.
Today's expert party hostess real
izes that quality and not quantity
is the supreme test. SO she offers
A few things and tries TO have each
one perfect. And she, or her grocer,
combs the world for seasonings and
fiavorings that Will make just the
difference between the nice and the
extraordinary.
one popular hostess has an entire
cupboard devoted 10 dried herbs.
sauces and condiments that will
lend that so-different taste to even
usual dishes. Since prohibition has
ended. Of course, she has been able
to increase her stock enormously,
for nothing gives more Of an exotic
note than the addition Of wine.
Madeira Flavor fingers
And OF all the obliging wines for
cooking. none is more so than Ma
deira, chiefly because the flavor is
so pronounced that it fingers on the
tongue.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-03-29

For company luncheon a chicken
liver and fried egg combination will
make all the guests ask for the
recipe.
For vegetables with this exciting
dish. serve broccoli with plain but
ter sauce and shoestring potatoes.
And for the start Of the meal what
would be better than honey ball
melon with a dash of lime or maybe
mint?
For dessert try fluffy individual
lemon chiffon tarts made with boil
ing water pastry.
How to Fix Sauce
Here's what you need for the
main dish.
Six chicken livers, y eggs, l
tablespoon butter. 2 tablespoons
Madeira wine, y gill tomato sauce,
y gill demi- glace, salt, white pepper.
Melt butter in frying pan. Add
chicken livers, washed and chop
ped. Season to taste with salt and
white pepper. Fry for 5 minutes,
stirring occasionally. Drain off the
butter. Pour Madeira, tomato
sauce and demi-glace into pan. Sim
mer for 5 minutes.
Melt a walnut Of butter in an
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-03-29
MENU STARTED Off
WITH SPINACH SOUP
Onions and Carrots Also
Used in Dish.

Wash and chop enough spinach
to make two cups Chop very fine
half an onion and enough carrot TO
make a tablespoon.
Put the spinach, onion and car
rot with one cup Of milk in a double
boiler. Cook until the vegetables
are tender and push through sieve.
Melt three tablespoons of butter
and stir in three tablespoons OF
flour. one teaspoon of salt, and one
eighth teaspoon of black pepper.
When the paste is smooth pour in
slowly three cups of milk and the
PURGE of spinach. Simmer fifteen
minutes. Just before serving add
one cup Of whipped cream.
Menu
Cream OF Spinach Soup
Roast Lamb Currant Jelly sauss
Drowned Potatoes
Buttered Green Peas
Watercress and Avocado Salad
French Dressing
Vanilla Ice Cream Claret sauce
Coffee
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-03-29
NORWEGIAN MOUSSE
CALLS FOR HADDOCK
Recipe Requires q Pounds
of Fish as Basis.

Four pounds Of paddock. 2 tea
spoons of -four, l tablespoon corn
starch, lump Of butter size Of large
egg, Z pint cream, l pint of milk,
salt, pepper and mace. Scrape
haddock on board or put through
very fine grinder. Pound with pestle
for IS minutes with flour, corn
starch and butter. Stir with wooden
spoon. dropping in alternately milk
and cream, one spoonful at 2 time,
to avoid curdling. Season with salt,
pepper and mace. Put in mold
and steam for one and one-half
hours.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-03-29

other frying pan. Crack il ? eggs.
Season to taste with a saltspoonful
of salt and white pepper and
paprika. Fry 3 minutes.
Slip on to a large fiat, hot dish,
cover and keep warm while you fry
five more sets of eggs in the same
way. Cover with the liver mixture.
Serve at once with toast and but
ter. Enough for six persons.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-03-29
Keen Meats Cold

The care of meats after cooking
is of prime Importance if they are
to remain attractive to the last
morsel. In the first place, to pre-
serve them they must be kept very
cold. Then they must be kept we'll
covered to prevent drying and loss
Of flavor. These two simple precau-
tions insure against food waste.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-03-29
Date Delight

Two eggs. one-hah cup sweetened
condensed milk, one-half cup bread
crumbs, one teaspoon baking pow
der, one cup pitted dates, one-half
cup chopped nuts. Beat the eggs
thoroughly. blend with the sweet
ened condensed milk and stir in the
other ingredients. Cook in a dou-
BILE boiler over boiling water for 30
minutes.