davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1935-03-07
Peace in Abyssinia ?

Although Italy has already landed
fifteen thousand troops in her African
colonies adjacent to Abyssinia and
continues preparations to send still
more, Rome announces the conclusion
of an accord with the Ethiopian gov
ernment, which on its face advances
the prospects of a peaceful settlement
of Mussolini's conflict with Emperor
Halle Selassie. The agreement pro-
videS for a four-mile neutral zone
along the disputed Italian Somaliland-
Abyssinian border. to be maintained
for the duration Of negotiations cover
ing all issues in controversy. While
only a temporary truce, it should
minimize the possibility of explosive
frontier incidents and create a cool
ing off of the embittered atmosphere
in which Rome and Adds Ababa
have hitherto conducted their deal
ings.
1t is strictly covenanted that no
armed person shall be allowed within
the neutralized strip. Nomad Abys-
sinian tribes inhabiting the region
will be permitted to cross it or use
its wells and pastures for their cattle,
but only on condition that the tribes
men carry no weapons. Discussions
will now enSue concerning the Ualual
border affair. which was the imme-
diate cause of Italy,s war threat. 1t is
on MuSSolini'S demands on this score
that peace efforts may go to smash
He requires an Abyssinian indemnity,
official apologies and military honors
to the Italian flag. Emperor Halle
Selassie's voluble Minister at Rome
has indicated that the Ethiopian au-
thorities will refuse any amends that
SAVIOR of indignities, claiming that
provocation for border incidents has
mainly been given by the Italians.
Mussolini's strategy plainly is to
assemble near the theater of possible
war an Italian military force in such
magnitude that Abyssinia will think
twice and thrice before venturing
finally to reject Rome's terms. II
Duce not only is fired by a desire to
avenge the humiliation which Italy
suffered in its defeat by the Abys-
sinians at Adowa in 1896, but he
has gone so far on the present oc-
casion that it will be difficult to
save face" unless he emerges from
it with tangible evidence of victory.
Meantime the League of Nations,
of which both Italy and Abyssinia
are members, stands by with folded
arms, either unable or unwilling to
nip in the bud an enterprise which
strikes most of the outside world as
an unblushing campaign of conquest.
Doubtless the explanation of Geneva's S
inactivity is the complacency with
which Great Britain and France, pos
SCISSORS of vast African empires of
their own, look upon Mussolinis lust
to create an African Italy of more
impressive dimensions. Such appears
to be the price of Italian cooperation
in the so-called "appeasement" Of
Europe.
Evening star., 1935-03-07
Newcomer Sees Faults i'm
Local Traction Service

To the Editor of The Star:
I have been domiciled in the Ma
tion's Capital for two weeks, arriving
here with the expectation of seeing q
model city. 1t is beautiful town, but
my what street cars! Have you seen
the archaic trolley cars in operation,
necessitating the motorman's leaving
the controls to step over to the car
door in order to open and close it at
each stop?
I can only attribute these terrible
conditions Of the Washington street
cars to the fact that the people In
Washington do not vote. On top Of
this insult to a civilized city. I notice
that the street car company is piling
up profits and is even trying TO put its
hand on the buses.
Your paper seems to be the only
agency in town sponsoring the inter-
est Of the citizens. Can you not or.
ganize some kind Of movement to re-
lieve the congested conditions on the
street cars and force the company to
purchase decent equipment?
JOHN HAYN,
Evening star., 1935-03-07

needs requiring attention. From time
to time surveys have been made and
plans prepared for the elimination of
the unsightly, disf1guring shacks that
clutter up the stretch between the
railroad tracks and the War College
grounds, once known as the Arsenal.
These plans have never gone beyond
the stage of consideration. A few
minor changes have been effected,
such as the establishment of the fish
market. but decrepit wharves and
ancient shore structures remain to
offend the vision and give the scene
as viewed from the park drive a most
forlorn aspect.
One of the recommendations made
long time ago was for the devel-
opment of q Waterfront boulevard,
skirting the harbor and connecting
the Potomac Park with the reserva-
tions along the Eastern Branch, then
in the making and now we'll devel-
oped. Nothing was done In that d.
rection. Now at a hearing before the
House Committee on Rivers and Har-
bors plans have been advanced for
consideration to improve the Wash
ington Harbor through the deepening
Of the channel and the incidental
removal of the unsightly conditions
that have for so long given offense
Whether the project for a waterfront
drive will be included in the plan Is
not yet disclosed, but it is to be
hoped that, whatever the scheme
adopted, provision will be made for
the development of proper avenue
Of communication that will conform
to the general project Of a connection
between the parks.
1t is not contemplated that such
changes will be made as to lessen the
facilities for water traffic. Primarily
the purpose is to make the Washing
ton harbor efficient and serviceable,
both for business and pleasure craft,
and to afford full access to the
wharves, which themselves will re-
quire reconstruction. An item of
S1,650,000 is sought, the District to
bear twenty per cent of the cost. No
larger share of the burden should be
laid upon the District. The eastern
shore of the harbor is practically a
feature of the park that was made out
of the dredged materials taken from
the choked river channels, which was
a Federal undertaking 1t should be
SC regarded in any project of harbor
improvement that may be authorized
in the contemplated legislation.
Evening star., 1935-03-07
STARS, MEN AND ATOMS
Notebook of Science Progress in Field,
Laboratory and Study.
BY THOMAS r. HENRY.

point, for instance. the line assumed
to be the 49th parallel wanders 1888
feet southwark in about 20 miles.
The deviation at some places is so
great that points within sight of each
other are obviously out Of line"
So. actually. Dr. Tuckerman said.
the Canadian boundary from Mime
sofa westward is not the 49th parallel
at all. but series of points connected
by straight lines which are assumed"
to lie upon it. 1t is a geodetic fiction
upon which both countries are agreed
and which serves the purpose just as
we'll as the erratic true parallel.
= 4 r
Cases of morbid hunger and Of
needle eaters are medical curiosities,
but DR.. Watts experiments with mon
keys indicate that there Is close
relationship between this pre-motor
area of the frontal lobe and q very
prevalent malady-stomach ulcers.
They could be produced expert
mentally in the monkeys by cutting
away the frontal lobes. They are
quite common in victims of frontal
lobe LESSONS. Most commonly an all
ment of males in the prime Of life
the time, incidentally, when emotions
are likely to be most powerful-they
have been observed in some cases to
follow intense emotional upsets.
The psychiatrists did not claim
that frontal lobe LESSONS or upsets are
responsible for all, or even a majority
of stomach ulcers, but advanced the
theory that they may be the cause
Of some Of them.
DR.. Walter Freeman, one of the
foremost American neurologists, re-
ported that autopsies at st. Eliza
beth's Hospital showed peptic ulcers
to be most commonly associated with
the strange mental disease, paranoia,
which is characterized chiefly by ex-
tfeme delusions of persecution, and
with cases of other psychoses which
have persecution complexes.
DIR. William M. Ballinger, Wash
ington specialist in gastro-intestinal
diseases, advanced the hypothesis
that the interaction between brain
and stomach might be reversible. He
held that a purely organic stomach
disorder might set up mental dis
turbances which would tend to be-
come permanent and in turn affect
the stomach in vicious circle. On
the other hand, this vicious circle
might start In the brain, affect the
stomach and come back in reinforced
form to the brain again.
One of the most curious of brain
diseases is epilepsy, with its some
times periodic commissions and loss
of consciousness. 1t was brought out
in the discussion that recurring
periods Of extreme nausea may some-
times be substituted for the epileptic
convulsions for considerable periods.
In other words, the epileptic "fit" may
be localized in the gastro-intestinal
tract and sort of stomach epilepsy"
result. This again is striking eyi-
dence Of close brain n-stomach asso-
citation in one Of the most battling of
mental diseases.
Evening star., 1935-03-07
Other Gifts.

Andrew w. Mellon hopes that the
gift of his collection of great paint
inSS to the Nation will prompt other
citizens to make similar contributions
to the elevation of the cultural status
of the Capital. He followed in the
wake of Henry Clay Folger, Charles
L. Freer and w. w. Corcoran, and
they, it seems, were motivated in large
part by the philosophy which George
Washington, and Thomas Jefferson
shared-a vision of the Federal City
as the Athens of the New World, a
national center of learning, art, sci
ence and music.
And the dream is one which I'M
deniably has vast power of attraction.
Patriotism is spiritual characteristic
of the human mind and heart, and
1t depends upon the development Of
understanding and sympathy. For
love of country. purposeful and ef-
fective, comprehension of popular
ideals is needed, and it is through
cultural manifestations that those
ideals commonly are expressed. The
logic Of the matter, then, is that ma
tional destiny depends upon the pros
perity of the inspirational interests
and activities of the masses-values
which call for the characterization Of
genius which Mr.. Mellon is so anxious
to promote.
To illustrate the problem, the pres
ent distribution of the art collection
of j. Pierpont Morgan may be cited.
It has been announced that his pic
lures are to be sold, and indications
are that they will be scattered pretty
generally all over the world. That, of
course, Is natural and good; but new
ertheless there must be many who
will regret that so notable an ac-
cumulation Of treasures could not be
maintained intact and in one single
convenient center like Washington.
Mr.. Melons suggestion, however, is
not intended to appeal exclusively to
individuals Of exceptional wealth. On
the contrary, it is a plea to the aver
age man or woman, each Of whom
can and should contribute to the
common welfare. One of the most
precious gifts ever received by the
Smithsonian Institution, as 1t hap
pens, came from a donor far from
rich, who easily might have advan-
tagged himself, had he chose, by a
commercial sale of the object he pre-
ferred to present to the National
Museum.
And the greater Capital which Mr..
Mellon envisions will be the nobler
if it is achieved through the CO.
operation of the whole population. r
Evening star., 1935-03-07

How could any one read them, even
q small percentage? Many critics
took the side Of fewer books, with
trust In the old ones; others con-
tended that this would deprive them
Of the best Of the new things.
Surely there Is some truth in both
contentious. Happily, the bOoklover
may not find himself bound to either,
but may take from the old and the
new at his own discretion. Surely
1t is not easy, this making Of good
selections, attempting to read the books
that ought to be read and leave unread
the ones that make no difference to
the individual. The individual reader
must consider himself before writer's
or laws Of literature. Books are offered
him. he must choose. Writers elect
to please him, he must select those
who really do so.
Hence the mind which turns to
"Snow-Bound" at this time of year is
becoming its own best critic. Why 60
racing down to the bookmart to get
copy of Francis Hackett's Francis
the First" for So, only to find that
1t Is being offered free with q sub
scription of book club? And it hasnt t
been "out" a week. Who wants to
find somebody receiving "free" what
he has just paid good money for?
Il 4 n +
We have said that the lover of
beauty. despite his hope that there
will be no more snow, nevertheless
would wake up with rapture in his
heart at any snow which might hap
pen to fall.
Perhaps he would not admit as
much.
He would growl, surely, and lament
the sad state of things when con-
tinuous SHOWS may blanket the land.
This Is not New England, he would
snort.
What he would like would be mice
snow" one which would conduct itself
in a most gentlemanly fashion. not in
the unseemingly way of the fall which
remains on the ground for weeks at
a time.
Washington does not take kindly
and finds they gum up" the city in
many disagreeable ways, especially as
regards trafic.
AS an art exhibit, the snow which
stays on the ground for some time
is a dismal failure.
Is there anything uglier than bank
OF gray snow, such as 1t becomes after
oil and CRIME and dust have concen-
trated on 1t for several days?
Nf he tr,,1 VII hi clio
in a big city during Winter Is the
large block Of snow which Is abso-
lutely black.
Large pieces of this queer substance
may be seen along curbs, sometimes
rolled up and kicked by passing tires.
These chunks will be as black as
coal, so that II 1t were not for the
rather dull gray snow elsewhere a
stranger to the city might be forgiven
for mistaking them for piles Of rather
dismal and forsaken earth.
Nobody wants any more snow this
season. but if it comes we will have
to accept it with as much philosophy
as we can muster, and make the best
of it. as We always do. He who values
its beauty will have an advantage
over those who do not. He will resent
more snow, but he will admit to him.
self, if not to others, that what it does
to an otherwise pre-Spring landscape
is really fetching. If only 1t would
not stick so long! Properly scheduled
SHOWS, about half an inch thick. to
fall just at dusk, after the Govern
ment clerks had got home, and then
to all melt away before noon next day
-ah, that would be showing, indeed.
Evening star., 1935-03-07
Washington's Water Front.

Washington has number of peren-
nial problems, projects of public i'm
provenent that have Jagged for many
years awaiting congressional action
for their undertaking or completion.
One of these is the water front. Ever
since the reclamation of the Potomac
flats was effected through the dredg-
ing of the channels, with the in
cidental development Of Potomac
Park, this question Of the redemption
of the eastern shore Of the Washing
ton Harbor has been on the List Of
Evening star., 1935-03-07
THIS AND THAT
BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL.

Even the last hold which snow has
on the mind, the lure Of beauty, Is
swept away at this time of year.
After a hard Winter nobody wants
to see any more Of it.
Every one is agreed on that.
Rain, fog, wind will be accepted
with a philosophic spirit, but the
white precipitation Is distinctly on
the not-wanted list.
Even the youngsters are tired of It,
It is impossible to be sure that
there will be no more snow. There
is always o chance for 1t in March
notoriously q tickle month.
Usually II there Is a March snow
it is before the 18th. though.
Beauty lovers would not welcome II
enthusiastically, even then.
We have had enough of snow!
It will be just q plain nuisance,
from now on. something to be la
mented. on all scores, and by all
hands alike.
The appeal Of beauty in snowfall
Is one that some persons keep the
longest.
Despite the fact that they recognize
as well as any the inconvenience and
suffering of the heavy fall, they are
always able to see the pretty side Of
the picture.
Surely an enthusiastic sentence,
"Oh, isn't the snow beautiful" Is
not what we mean at all.
Many persons indulge in that, but
it is just words, with nothing real
beneath it.
The true lover of beauty in snow
may never say word, but he will
always be thrilled by the sight of the
falling flakes.
II he were to wake I'D tomorrow
morning, and find snow coming down,
he would inwardly rejoice at the
sight, because it would bring to the
landscape a quality which absolutely
nothing else could.
AS much as he wants to see no
more of it. for the present season, as
tired as he may be over slipping on
sidewalks and steps, and dodging
skidding motor cars. he could not help
but admit to him self the fresh i'm
petuS toward an appreciation of
beauty which the SHOWS give him.
Though he hopes there will be no
more of it this season. such a lover
of things beautiful will be willing to
admit the beauty in any snowfall.
This is admitted by the eagerness
with which many persons go back to
that standard classic, "Snow-Bound,"
at this time of year.
We have heard more mention of
Whittier's famous poem this Winter
than ever before, not by those who
are forced to read it, but simply by
those who love their recollection of it,
and desire to renew their acquaint-
ance with something they remember
as good.
It is good.
Snow Bound" is worthy of being
read every year. just as Dickens
Christmas Carol" is by many readers.
OF how many books can this be said?
Surely there are certain things
which. retain their freshness for the
mind. certain statements which We
instinctively recognize as about the
best that can be achieved.
1t then will be question with
many people whether it is not better
to re-read these good things every
year. rather than attempt to keep up
with the new books, the thousands of
fresh things endlessly pouring from
the presses OF the world.
This question recently agitated the
book circles of London, where $4,000
new books were published last year
Evening star., 1935-03-07
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
BY FREDERIC J. HASKINS.

A reader can get the anstoer to
any question of fact BY iDriting
The EpeninG Star Information Bu-
rear, Frederic J. Haskin, Director,
Warrington, D. c. Please inclose
stamp for reply.
q. What per cent of the automobile
drivers in this country are women?-
w. M.
A. They are estimated at "a per
cent.
9. What caused the death OF the
father Of President Johnson?-E. ".
A. His father died rescuing q man
from drowning.
9. Why is the golden eagle thus
named?-S. B.
A. 1t has its name because Of the
light-brownish to yellow outside wash
to its feathers. The golden eagle is
from 80 to IS inches in length and
81 to feet In wing spread. The
female is larger than the male.
@. How much soil was moved from
one place to another by the dust
storms In the United States last Sum-
mer?-B. G.
A. 1t is estimated at millions Of mil
lions of tons. Some of the dust trav-
eled more than 1000 miles in the
upper air.
@. Please explain the deep holes dug
near Potosi. Bolivia.-G. F.
A. After the arrival of the Spaniards
the latter put the natives of the region
OF Potosi to work burrowing into the
mountainSide and today there remain
such excavations-some deep, others
shallow. There are no data available
as to the exact measurements of any
Of these holes or mine shafts.
Q. When were machine guns first
mounted in airplanes?-E. r.
A. Prior to the outbreak OF the
World War no airplane on the western
front was actually armed with a ma
chine gun. Rifles, carbines, pistols.
shotguns and hand grenades were car
ried by pilots and observers. In the
Spring of 1915 all belligerents began
to mount machine guns in their
standard two-seater reconnaissance
aircraft. The Fokker monoplane
Autumn, 1870 was the first effective
fighter" airplane.
@. How long is the Memorial High
way between Washington and Mount
Vernon? How much did it cost?-
w. F.
A. It is 15la miles long and cost
Zoo, 900.
@. II man is not sure whether an
occasion calls for tuxedo or fun
dress, which should he wear?-N. D.
A. Full dress. This is appropriate
sions, while a tuxedo is not.
@. How many Indians" took part
in the Boston tea party? What were
the names of the ships carrying the
tea?-E. F. S.
A. A letter from John Andrews,
esquire. of Boston, dated December
10, 1773, refers to the Indians" who
proceeded two by two Ito the num-
Der of about 200) to Griflns Wharf,
where Hall Bruce and Coffin lay, each
with ia chests of the Inflated article
on board"
@. How old Is Mussolini?-J. c.
A. He was 81 on July 20, 1884.
@. Why are there so many more
lakes in some parts Of the country
than in others?-F. r.
A. The most common cause Of their
formation Is the disturbance Of drain
age by glacial action. Lakes are gen.
orally abundant in mountain regions
or within those areas which have
been covered with ice.
Evening star., 1935-03-07

@. What is the derivation of Ior,-
don's famous Rotten Rowe. =.
A. 1t is derived from the French
| phrase route du roi, which means the
Kings drive.
@. What Is an aquatint?-A. H.
A. 1t Is a process of etching On
copper or steel plates by means of
nitric acid, producing an effect re-
sembling a fine drawing in water
| colors, sepia or India ink.
! @. What Is the origin of the round
| robin ?-B. A.
A. Boswell traced it to q sailors
custom followed when they entered
q conspiracy so that 1t could not be
known who signed first or last.
@. Where is there the most oxygen
In the air?-H. w.
A. Oxygen occurs, not in larger
percentage, but in greatest weight per
cubic foot Of air, at the lowest levels
and decreases with increase Of height.
. @. Is Wyoming now one Of the
States where a divorce may be OBJ
i
A. Wyoming's Legislature has lust
passed a bill reducing from one year
to so days the residence period for
divorce. The law becomes effective
on May II.
@. How many barber shops and
beauty parlors are there in New York
| City?-E. B.
A. There are now 5000 barber shops
in New York City and $3.50 beauty
parlors.
@. How many policemen are there
in this country?-T. D.
A. There are $4,000 policemen in
the United States.
@. Is the name Of the cashew nut
accented on the first or the second
syllablee-E. 3.
A. The accent is on the second
syllable.
@. How many persons attended A
Century Of Progress and what did
they spend?-L. S. c.
A. The Chicago World Fair attract
ed total Of 100000 visitors in the
two years Of its operation. Sixty mil
lion dollars was spent within the
grounds OF the exposition and several
hundred million more in Chicago ho-
tells and shops.
@ When was "oh why should the
spirit of mortal be proud" first pub
lished?-A. "
A. This poem, by Scottish poet,
William Knox, appeared first in a
volume entitled Songs OF Israel" in
1924. Knox died the following year
at the age of 81. The title of the poem
is Mortality" and it is chiefly re-
membered as a favorite of Abraham
LincolniS.
@. Why was the dolphin used in
Sandwich glass candlesticks?-E. p.
A. 1t signif1ed to New England SAIL
ors fair weather, whitecaps and blue
Skies"
@. When did the first international
meeting of Boy Scouts take place.
H P.
A. In 1920 an international meet
ing or iamboree was held at Olympia,
London, in which Scouts Of IS ma
tons took part. AS result Of this
meeting an international council was
formed, with a bureau in London.
@. When did Ellen Terry play her
first engagement in America?-C. H.
A. She came with Irving In 1883.
She made eight subsequent trips.
being acclaimed England's leading
actress, and IN 1915 lectured IN the
United States on Shakespeare
heroines, with impersonations.
Evening star., 1935-03-07

caring for those now unemployed
remains as heavy as ever. No one can
object to the meritorious principle OF
unemployment insurance. There is
q question whether now Is the correct
time to undertake the experiment.
Evening star., 1935-03-07

1t needed the invention of radio
to let the world know what freedom
of speech really means. The audience
is vast and no one in it has a chance
to heckle or throw things.
Evening star., 1935-03-07

Some of the alleged propaganda
coming out of Russia is so obviously
expensive as to look like another effort
to squeeze the taxpayers.
Evening star., 1935-03-07

BY reading the old story of railroad
development aviation may learn many
things of value in an effort to system
atize the new method of travel and
transportation.