davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1935-10-20

Italo. Ethiopian affray Is not expected
to affect radio broadcasting here. Full
and free discussion of public affairs
can only be stopped in this country,
under the communications law, If a
war or threat of war or a state Of
public peril or other national emer-
gency" prevails or if the President Of
the United States decides that our
neutrality in armed conflict Is at
stake. In such cases. the President
can order the shutting down Of any
or all radio stations and can have
them taken over by the military If
deemed necessary.
1t is significant that on March s,
1888. when President Roosevelt went
on the air with his banking crisis
speech, he did not regard the emerg-
ency as great enough to impose any
restraints upon the freedom of radio.
Nor does he apparently think our best
interests at present demand silence on
either or both sides in the Italo-
Ethiopian affair so far as radio discus.
sion is concerned In the writer's
recollection, the only time Uncle Sam
has even halfway tried to impose a
censorship upon broadcasting was
when the State Department frowned
upon first proposals to broadcast from
Moscow some years ago. Yet even
before Soviet Russia was recognized
such broadcasts were carried to Amer
lea
In this case England's loss will solid
lfy Frances gam. even though they
may both be in the same boat" with
respect to their attitude toward Italy
and sanctions. The A. T. & T. Co.,
it Is known, was not anxious to estab.
lish an additional transatlantic RADIO
phone circuit to the one in London
for economic reasons. 1t seems that
most transatlantic calls to and from
America are with English telephone
subscribers. Not more than six or
seven calls are placed daily with
France, via London, and only two or
three day with the rest of continental
Europe Therefore the Paris station.
which may be used also as the relaying
point for other countries Of Europe,
was not regarded as a profitable
venture.
On the other hand, the American
military authorities want it and the
French were anxious to be relieved OF
having their phone calls-and their
occasional relay broadcasts-cleared
through Chelmsford. So the circuit
will be established direct with Paris
regardless of its economic need. 1t will
not go into operation until some time
next year due to the fact that the
French must yet build the powerful!
sending and receiving station needed
at their end.
Evening star., 1935-10-20
"Starved" Beets Rot.

A SUGAR BEET disease which was
first discovered in 1882, one which
caused leaves to dry and rot at the
center, the effects often running down
into the heart of the beet. has turned
out to be no disease at all, but rather
a case of malnutrition.
Soil experts, studying the problem
have discovered that a lack Of boron
in the soil was responsible for the
manifestations of the disease and the
application Of borax to the soil
quickly brought the beets back to
normal growing.
DR.. G. H. Coons of the Bureau Of
Plant Industry reports from Germany,
where he is visiting sugar beet ex-
pertinent stations, that the disease in
Michigan Is the same as the European
heart and dry rot disease-also caused
by boron deficiency. In Europe the
cause of the beet heart and dry rot
disease had been determined before
DIR. Coons and DR.. j. E. Kotila, also
of the Bureau of Plant Industry, COM
pleted investigation of the Michigan
disease. Boron deficiency had been
reported in the United States in con-
nection with other crops. but these
cases have been in regions far removed
from sugar beet growing areas.
Michigan growers at first overlooked
the disease as they thought that the
death of young beet top leaves was
caused by crown rot or was due to
mechanical injury. But in 1884 as
many as is per cent Of the plants in
some Michigan fields were affected
and incipient stages of the disease oc-
Cured in ct least Is per cent Of the
plants in some areas. It was most
prevalent in plants growing in sandy
or gravelly soil underlain by a porous
subsoil.
Doctors Coons and Kotila found in
tests that organisms and bacteria play
no part in causing the disease. but that
it is caused solely by the lack of boron
as q necessary plant food in the soil.
Plant injury may vary from q slight
shortening and discoloring of the leaf
stalks in the center Of the crown to
a dying-off of the growing point. Roots
Of the more seriously injured tops are
usually cankered and show q brownish
or blush discoloration inside.
The plant pathologists used injured
plants in determining the cause of the
disease. The plants grew normally
when cut back and replanted in sand
supplied with nutrient solutions con-
tanning boron. Diseased roots which
did not receive boron again developed
characteristic leaf injury. Plants
which received boron Usrs approx.
Evening star., 1935-10-20

tons in reply to a speech delivered
by the head Of the Ethiopian delega-
ton a week earlier over the same
hookup-a telephone line from Geneva
to London and thence via short waves
to New York. Baron Aloisi was cut
of before he began, as an application
by Britain Of sanctions against Italy
for her Ethiopian invasion.
The incident, seen through Amer
ican eyes, revealed incredible stupidity
on the part Of some one in authority
in Britain. Hardly had the scheduled
speech been cut off than officials of
the Columbia Broadcasting System,
which was to have carried it here
over its Nation wide network, forthwith
invited Baron Aloisi to deliver the
same talk from Rome. This he did
last Sunday. 1t was relayed via short
| waves direct from Rome to New York
without the intermediary Of Chelms-
ford.
Forgetting the respective merits of
the Ethiopian and Italian cases, with
which the American radio mana
gers were not concerned, the Incl
dent served once again to prove
the sharp variance between what may
be termed the American VS.. the Euro
pean Idea" of radio-the operation,
on the one hand, of radio as a regu-
lated but uncensored private enterprise
as against its operation, on the other
hand. as a government monopoly
subject to rigid censorship.
MORE than that, it reSounded dis
A tinctly to the disadvantage of
England, which is Americas chief rival
in the field of international wire and
wireless communications, for it enabled
those supporting proposals for direct
New York-to-Paris telephone link to
say Il told you So" Only last week
the Federal Communications Commis-
sion authorized the American Tele-
phone & Telegraph Co. to establish
direct radio-phone circuit with Paris,
and thus with continental Europe. to
supplement its present transatlantic
circuit, which is only with England and
through England with the rest of
Europe.
In other words, London. since the
transatlantic radio-phone was inau-
gurated four or five years ago, has
been the relaying point for all tele-
phone calls to and from the European
continent. 1t is this telephone circuit
that is also used chiefly for trans-At-
Iantic broadcasts, at least when direct
radiophone connections with other
countries are rendered impossible by
atmospheric conditions - which Is
often.
England took advantage Of her po-
sition as relaying point to cut of
Aloisi, yet the Italian simply had to
hop a train for Rome to get his talk
on the international radio. England
thus acted as a voluntary censor of a
speech that was in the nature of news
and opinion for the American ear
a censorship that is unheard of in a
country that demands both sides Of
controversial issues over its radios
and that even permits a Huey Long
and a Father Coughlin to speak their
minds on the air more often than
President Roosevelt.
A MERICA'S position Of neutrality
= and the Presidents embargo on
shipments to the belligerents in the
Evening star., 1935-10-20
Short-Wave Notes
ITEMS of interest to short-wave

ITEMS of interest to short-wave lis
teners Station PHI at Huizen
Netherlands, is back on its accus-
toned Winter frequency of ITS
megacycles japanese broadcasts
are now being heard through JVN
on 1858 megacycles best time to
hear these is from 2 to pm,
or through JVH on 1850 megacycles
on Mondays and Thursdays from mid
night to am. .. the Chilean sta
ton, CEC, can now be heard on
Thursdays from $50 to pm.
Norway. France, Belgium. Cuba,
Guatemala. Bermuda. Argentina, Uru-
quay, Switzerland. England and Mex
leo are said to be easy victims of the
dialer in the 20-meter or 14-mega-
cycle band the International
Short-Wave Club reports its members
have logged % countries on this band
during the past month.
A short-wave station having the
call letters ETA is reported to be
located at Adds Ababa. .OER-2, at
Vienna, Austria, is now broadcasting
regularly every day from 9 am. to
5 pm.
Evening star., 1935-10-20
Radio Features
and Notes
PAUL ROBSON, famous colored

pAUL robson, famous colored
baritone, will be guest artist OF
Erne Rapee and his orchestra on WRC
at 10 pm He will sing Light" by
Sinding: Homeland Mine" by
Gretchaninoff; Nobody Knows de
Trouble I've Seen" and Deep River"
Water Boy" and "Short'nin' Bread"
The orchestra will play Schuberts
Unfinished Symphony" Variations. u
from Delibes' La Source; the adagic
from Faust" and the Farandole from
'L'Arlesienne" suite, and Hungarian
Rhapsody No. q"
Verdi's ia Traviata" will be the
third program in the cycle of the
famous Italian composers music,
which the Music Hall of the Air will
present on WMAL at 1890.
Dalies Frantz, brilliant young Amer
ican concert pianist, returns as guest
artist on the Sunday Evening Hour
on WJSV at 8. Frantz will offer an
impressive and varied program of
famous compositions. including the
Rondo and Allegro Scherzando from
Beethoven's "C-Major Concerto for
Piano and Orchestra" and D'Albert's
noted setting for piano Of Bach's
organ Fugue in D." The young
pianist also will play Chopin "Etude
in E Major" George Gershwin's Pre-
lude No 2" and the Ritual Fire
Dance" by Manuel de Falla.
The selections to be played bv the
New York Philharmonic Orchestra on
WJSV at 3 O'Clock. under the direc-
ton of otto Klemperer, include the
prelude to Wagner's "Lohengrin.' -
Tschaikowsky's Symphony No. S in
z Minor" and q new suite for string
orchestra by Arnold Schoenberg.
Roses and Drums will celebrate the
anniversary Of Gen. Sheridan's ride
from Winchester in a special radio
drama on WMAL at 5.
Right Rev. Henry Wise Hobson,
Bishop of Southern Ohio. will conduct
the morning service Of the Church Of
the Air at 10 and Rabbi Gerson B.
Levi Of The Temple, Chicago. will
speak during the afternoon program
at O'Clock, both broadcasts over
WJSV.
A real fight between hard-flghting
goat and James Mandy will be staged
in special studio ring during Ozzie
Nelson's program on WMAL at 7:30.
Robert I. believe 1t or Not) Ripley
will give blow-by-blow account.
The Pine Mountain Merrymakers, a
new series of programs dealing with
Kentucky mountain folk, will be in
augurated over WMAL at 3:15. The
broadcast will feature John Lair,
authority on American folksong and
legends Of the hill country.
Evening star., 1935-10-20

ried with 1t provisions for supplying
r. c. A. with film matter for tele-
vision transmission was not disclosed.
1t is known. however, that Radio City
was built with an eye to adapting some
of its studio space for television and
that conversations have been had with
the American Telephone and Tele-
graph Co. for linking Radio City with
the projected Philadelphia television
transmitter by means of the new
"coaxiai" cable.
The Philco Radio g. Television Corp.
of Philadelphia has applied to the
F. c. c. for two more bands of ultra
short wave lengths for experimental
visual broadcaSting. 1t asks for $50
watts on the 42,000-56 900 and 10000
Sc, 900 kilocycle bands.
Both r. c. A. Manufacturing Co.,
subsidiary of r. c. A., and Farnsworth
Television, Ltd, have promised to have
transmitters of television images on
the air in or near Philadelphia by
next Spring, and it is regarded more
than likely that Philco will do the
same.
A PUBLICATIONS. are now pending
before the F. c. C.'s broadcast
division from about 40 newspapers
seeking radio stations. Newest of the
newspaper applications to be filed are
those of the San Diego Union Tribune
and the Ventura (CalifD County Star
Evening star., 1935-10-20

mately 10 inches taller at the end of
q 35-day test than those grown with
out the nutrient. Those transferred
to a nutrient lacking boron began to
show symptoms Of the disease within
IA to 20 days-regardless of their age.
Applications of borax, which con-
tains boron, at the rate of to pounds
an acre in the sand nutrient tests were
insufficient to prevent injury. All signs
of injury disappeared when borax was
applied at the rate of 10 pounds per
acre.
Plants which received borax in tests
at the rate of 20 pounds an acre grew
more vigorously than the plants re-
ceiving S. to 10 pounds an acre. When
the nutrient was applied at the rate Of
40 pounds an acre, appreciable toxic
effects on the plants were noticeable
after II weeks of growth. The ex-
perimenters think 1t probable that in
jury from too much boron might not
be 80 great In the fields as In sand cul-
lures.
Evening star., 1935-10-20
Milk Output Up.
MILK production and output

MILK production and output OF
A'A dairy products show a consid-
erable increase this year. the totals
running above the average of the past
flve-year period.
The supplies for the coming Winter,
therefore, will be somewhat above the
figures of last year. The low price
point for this season has passed and
from now on conditions are expected
to improve for the dairyman.
One factor which has contributed
to the improvement is an increase in
the price of British butter, amounting
to cents a pound. Despite IA
cent tariff on butter, the price at
Liverpool at one time this year had
dropped so low British butter could be
imported to this country and sold on
an equal footing with the American
product.
Evening star., 1935-10-20
CAPITALS RADIO PROGRAMS

Eastern Standard Time.
Evening star., 1935-10-20
Art and Arch Again.

TWO Of WJSV's most popular an
L nouncers-Messrs. Arch Mcdonald
and Arthur Godfrey-will play i'm
portant parts in the Halloween pa
rade, October 81, sponsored by the
Greater National Capital Committee.
Evening star., 1935-10-20

British Ban on Aloisi Talk
Is sSeen as Piece of Bungline
Freedom of Radio in America Brought Into
Sharp Relief by Foreign Office
Censorship.
By Martin COdel.

WHATEVER upon broadcasng
freedom
uances brought into relief
from the foreign office refused to relay Baron Pompeo A
talk be delivered the American audience
Evening star., 1935-10-20
25 Super-Power Stations
Considered by Engineers
Experts of Federal Commission Study Plans
for Continuous Programs to All Parts
of Country.
Bv the Radio Editor.

LISTENERS Utopia n which some IS stations with SUI
~ American under technical
being FEDERAL Communications Commission engineers
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1935-10-24

difficult of approach with teams or
trucks that the problem of mining 1t at
a profit has not yet been solved.
Moreover, Mr.. Lands Is no longer
an active miner. The adventurous
days Of questing for gold ore are over
for him. He and Mrs. lands are liv-
ing on a 300-acre ranch about three
miles from Norris. Cold spring water
is piped from the mountain to their
house and to the fine garden which Is
bringing Dick renewed fame. Below the
house runs a willow-fringed trout
stream. They have chickens, two cows
and a pampered cat. They are living
out their years in the beautiful serenity
fruit Of long, hard days well spent.
1--WE have all we need to make u hap
py," says the man who gave the most
Of his life to the search for gold, "and
what more could any one wantP"
Once a prospector, though, always
a %prospector, Dick to whom the west
owes 20 much, is watching, with alert
interest, the renewed activities all about
him, the re-opening and working OF old,
long-idle mines with modern equip
ment. He is convinced that the easy
days OF mining are over forever, that
only by scientific methods al there
be a profit. However, the mining in
dustry, he says, is better in Montana
now than ever before because the men
who are coming in now are Of a much
higher class, men who will help to
stabilize and build up the communities.
Dick has seen the towns of Norris and
grow from wild adolescence to
mature, sober, prosperous villages. He
knew Red Bluff in the days Of its
boom, when 1t flourished. for a time,
out-rivalsng all other towns about. And
then he saw its decay and ultimate
death until 1t is now but a ghost town.
He has seen men come and men 90.
He has seen the stage coaches being
transplanted by the automobile and
auto truck. And now, in the placidity
of a full life, he Is rejoicing in signs
that point to the rich fwruitation OF a
region to which he contributed his
youth.
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1935-10-24
Don't Entrust Your
Own or Your Family's
WE'LL Being to Unknown
Preparations

BEFORE you take any prepare
- ton you don't know all about,
for the relief of headaches; or the
pains of rheumatism, neuritis or
neuralgia, ask your doctor what he
thinks about it - in comparison
with Genuine Bayer Aspirin.
We say this because, before the
discovery of Bayer Aspirin, most
so-called pain" remedies were adj
vised against by physicians as being
bad for the stomach; or, often, for
the heart. And the discovery of
Bayer Aspirin largely changed
medical practice.
Countless thousands of people
who have taken Bayer Aspirin year
in and out without i'll effect, have
proved that the medical findings
about its safety were correct.
Remember this: Genuine Bayer
Aspirin is rated among the fastest
methods yet discovered for the relief
of headaches and all common pains
:. and safe for the average person
to take regularly.
You a get real Bayer Aspirin at
any drug store simply by never
asking for it by the name aspirin"
alone, but always saying BAYER
ASPIRIN when you buy.
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1935-10-24

Dick make money soon for, back in
Pennsylvania, there was a girl waiting
for him, with utmost faith that he
would keep his promise to send for
her. And SO, true to his creed that a
man can do whatever he makes up his
mind to do, Dick began panning that
gravel for gold. Handicapped by lack
of capital he met and overcame one
obstacle after another. He built a dam
for hydraulic water power and built
a flume. One night he was wakened
by a sudden, loud roaring. He got up to
investigate and found that his dam was
destroyed, letting a flood of water down
through the gulch. He had, it ap-
peared. intruded upon the rightful do
main of a beaver, interfering with its
labors, and the resentful animal had, in
turn, undone about all it had taken
Dick weeks to accomplish.
There came a day, however, when he
struck a small piece of gravel, not more
than nine by 16 feet, that was rich in
gold dust. 1t was fate, Dick feels. He
found that small, isolated rich piece
just because he had to. 1t yielded him
$1,700 and he, of course, sent at once
for the girl back in PENNSYLVANIA.
He says today, with a CLINT of pride:
"a girl who would come from the east
out to the wilds of Montana, and trust
her life to a young, unsuccessful pros
pector had to be a real girl"
And she was, without doubt, a real
girl. He built a cabin for her, their
first home, high up in Hot Springs
gulch, near his mine. No trail led to
the little cabin. They had no neigh
bors. Norris, now a short half hours
drive by auto, was so far away she
didn't go much. But, Mrs. Lands as
sures you, she was happy, never lone
some. A son was born to them in the
solitude of that lonely gulch, and a
daughter, and Mrs. Lands was S o busy,
so content, so confident Of her hus-
bands ultimate success that she could
waste no time on self pity.
Although Dick had already made a
small fortune in the Magma Charta and
lost it, and had seen a vast fortune
slip through his fingers he was not
discouraged. For ~prOSpectOrs are, at
heart, gamblers and therefore Optimis-
tic. What he had done once he could
do again. That 81, 700 which Dick Lam
dis PANIED from gravel simply because
he had to have money at once was his
one and only experience in gravel. From
thence on he was q hard-rock man. The
hills all about the Galena mine are
still full of holes he dug. For nine years
he worked, never making the fortune
he was so confident he would make,
but always finding enough ore in a
month or two to keep him and his fam
lily in comfort the remainder Of the
year, and to save a little capital for
speculation. He bought the Josephine
mine from Jake May. 1t ored, he says,
about SIS per ton. Later he sold the
Josephine and bought the keystone
which he still owns. The keystone Is
SO high up on the mountain side and so
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1935-10-24

A collection of the work of Ir-
vim Shorty" Shope, of Missoula, and
considered n of the foremost con
temporary cowboy artists in the state,
is on display at the Helena Office
Supply, Helena, with a display Of
animal wood carvings by James l..
Clark, Indian sculptor.
Slopes exhibit consists of three oil
paintings. four water cOlOrs and IL
pen and ink drawings. Some of the
paintings are the originals Of maya
zine illustrations which have won the
Montana artist a wide reputation
Mr.. Clark has a couple of One-piece
wood carvings of bears and Rocky
mountain goats, all true to life and
carefully done.
Mr.. Shope recently completed
mural paintings at the University of
Montana in MissOula. At the present
time he is employed by the Montana
highway commission in making dec
0rations and drawings in the com
missions highway advertising pro-
gram.
He is also illustrating a Montana
history being compiled by Bob Flet-
cher Of the highway department and
is creating a cover design for the
states new official road map.
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1935-10-24

he had made a big pile of money, all
of which he sunk into the Stuart mine.
Dick had staunch faith in hat mine.
He felt that he was close On the trail of
a rich vein. But it took capital and
time to operate the diggings. He bor-
rowed money when the ore from the
Magma Charta was exhausted, put all
he had and all he could raise, 10 the
extent of about $50 900 into the Stuart.
And it wasn't enough. There came a
panicky day when his lease ran out
and he couldn't eneW it. And Just 10
days, although he didn't know that
then. stood between him and vast
wealth. A. man named Clark took over
his lease. Ten days later of the
richest veins of gold ore in the west
was struck and Clark sold the mine
Dick Lands had located to the Ana
conda Copper Mining company for
$4,000, 900.
Dick was broke but he was not dis
couraged. He drifted out to Norris,
Mont, and lived six months on $40.
He never went hungry though. In those
days, he reminds us. the streams were
full of big trout and the hills alive
with antelope and black-tail deer. He
tells an amusing story of his fishing
adventures. 1t seems that he was hav-
ing better luck than any other of the
prospector-fishermen, pulling out big
trout and filling hearts with envy. P.
V. Jackson, another of the early-day
prospecors, was curious as to the magic
that brought about Dicks success. The
triumphant fisherman guarded his sec
ret jealousy, but Jackson was so de-
termined to find 1t out that he resorted
to vile. He tracked Dick Lands, pa
tiently, cautiously, day after day, along
mountain streams, until, managing to
sneak close to him, behind cover of
underground, his persistence was re-
warded. For, wriggling at the end of
Dicks line, was a mouse. Field mice,
Dick assures you, makes the best Of bait
for big trout.
During that first winter while Dick
was trudging hills and gulches about
Norris he got chummy with William
Parkinson. The two men fished to-
gether, hunted, prospected and talked
big talk Of gold. Parkinson came into
camp one day with news. He was al
ready working promising placer dig
gingS and he told Dick he believed he
had found some good placer gravel
higher up the gulch. And so Dick fill
ed on the Hot Springs Placer mine, lat
err to be known as the Lands and
Jackson Placer Diggings." That was In
1894. 1t was virtually necessary that