davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1935-01-07
COM MERGE BUDGET
IS $780, ,467 MORE
Most of Increase Contemplates
Restoration of Pay to
100 Per Cent.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
A net increase of only 1885, ,467
was proposed by the Commerce today
in its next fiscal year estimate of s34,-
736,715.
Restoration of the remaining per
cent Federal employe salary cut &C
counted for Sl,275,748: the Bureau of
Foreign and Domestic Commerce es-
innate increased S170,294; the Ar
Commerce Bureau, Sl86,52l.
The Bureau of the Census loses
STAG, 900 because of reduction in GER
tain activities, but its work may be
augmented for special recovery pur-
poses to be paid for out of other funds.
An increase of S122,215 goes to the
Bureau of Navigation and Steamboat
Inspection, which has been under
extra duty because of ship disasters.
The Bureau of Standards gets $685.
277 more, considerable portion of
which is to be devoted to research
work.
Evening star., 1935-01-07

the Post Office Department at $697,-
224,053 for 1885 and $725, ,307, 500 for
the 1886 fiscal years. Postal revenues
were estimated at $S2, ,099 ,053 less than
expenses in 1885 and $80,282,56s in
1896.
The department asked $37,5OO,O0O
next year for foreign mail transporta-
ton and $40, zoo, 900 for domestic air.
mail transportation.
It was estimated that $2,600, 900 of
the 1886 foreign mail budget was
what the mail would cost on a
poundage basis and that $26 ESQ, 900
was subsidy to steamship lines. The
department gave a 100000 esti-
mate for transportation of foreign
mail by aircraft, expecting $575, 900
to be the revenue and the remainder
to represent aid to American air lines
in establishing service through foreign
countries. ,...-.
Evening star., 1935-01-07
in the 1885 fiscal year beginning next
IlI1v l at S71C 1A5 nm

in the 1896 fiscal year beginning next
July l at $712,145,000.
This compared with an estimated
expenditure of $2,236, ,086, 900 in the
current fiscal year ending June 80.
But against these outlayS, budget fig
ures counted on collections in 1896
Of 1927, 100000 and in the present
year of $3.50, 900, 900, leaving net ex-
penditures of $685., las, 900 and ST.
48,086, respectively.
Should Congress decide to close the
great bank for liquidation, its net ex-
penditures were estimated by the
budget at 100000, 900 for the fiscal
year 1885 and nothing for 1886.
Biggest items in next years pro-
jected outlays included 1886 ,345, 900
in loans of which $117,900,000 was
allotted to banks and trust COM
panies, $131 ,100, 900 to mortgage loan
companies, $29,200,000 to railroads
and $50, 5000 to drainage and levee
districts. Purchases of preferred
stock and capital notes were given
Sl03 300, 1000.
Evening star., 1935-01-07
SCENT POSTAGE
WOULD CONTINUE
Roosevelt Asks Increase Of $685..
100000 in Post Office
Estimates.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
Presenting estimates showing an
increase in post Office costs. President
Roosevelt today asked Congress to
continue the Scent rate on non-local
first-class mai.
He said allowing the Scent figure
to lapse next July l would cut $75,-
ooo, 900 out of postal revenues.
Budget estimates fixed the cost Of
Evening star., 1935-01-07
Abandoned Wives Item Out.

Because abandoned wives are all on
the relief rolls, the 1896 District bud
get which went to Congress today,
failed to carry the usual $1,000 item
for their support.
The budget also cut the usual 5000
item for transportation Of INDECENT
persons to $1,500 since the Transient
Bureau of the Federal Emergency Re
lief Administration Is aiding this class.
Evening star., 1935-01-07

S227 900, 900. an increase Of s66,OO0,-
900 over 1884
The deficit for the fiscal year 1885
is estimated at s4,869 100000. in
cluding 100000 for statutory debt.
retirements. On December 26, 1894,
the gross national debt stood at s28,-
484, 100000. It IS estimated that the
gross debt on June 80, 1895, will
amount to about $31,000,000,000 In
the budget message of last year it
was estimated that the national debt
on June 80, 1885, would amount to
s31 300, 100000 According to the
latest estimates, the debt will not
reach this amount by $500, 100000.
The Fiscal Year 1896.
In the budget message of last year
I said, speaking of the fiscal year
1896, that we should plan to have a
definitely balanced budget for the
third year Of recovery and from that
time on to seek a continued reduc-
ton of the national debt
Despite the substantial measure of
recovery achieved since that state
ment was made, unemployment is
still large. The States and local
units now provide smaller propor-
tionate share of relief than a year
ago and the Federal Government is
therefore called upon to continue to
aid in this necessary work.
For this reason it is evident that
we have not yet reached point at
which q complete balance of the
budget can be obtained. I am, how
ever, submitting to the Congress a
budget for the fiscal year 1886 which
balances except for expenditures to
give work to the unemployed. If
this budget receives the approval of
the Congress, the country will hence
forth have the assurance that, with
the single exception of this item, every
current expenditure of whatever ma
ture will be fully covered by our esti-
mates of current receipts. Such
deficit as occurs will be due solely
to this cause, and it may be expected
to decline as rapidly as private in
dustry is able to re-employ those who
now are without work.
Resume of Plan.
A resume of the financial plan
which the general budget summary
shows for 1886, as compared with
1884 and 1885, is presented below.
TN millions Of dollars.)
1884 1885 1886
T. Regular:
1. Receipts ....... 2763 3. 123 3.422
2. Expenditures:
uIar departments 1886 1926 1899
(2) Veterans go. 556 610 TAO
(3) Interest IA.
tional debt. -. 757 S35 S75
a. Tax refunds. SO SO 65
Total regular
Evening star., 1935-01-07
ROOSEVELT WOULD
CONTINUE TAXES
Recommends Continuation of
Present Rates in Budget
Message to Congress.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
President Roosevelt's budget mes
sage recommended continuation Of
taxes at present rates which other
wise would expire next June and July.
These taxes, with their estimated yield
in the 1886 fiscal year follow:
Excise taxes: Lubricating oil, $22,-
SOC, 900: brewers wort. malt, $780,
600; matches, $s,4oo,ooo; gasoline,
Evening star., 1935-01-07
BUDGET CURTAILS
R. F. c. ACTIVITIES
Probable Expenditures for 1886
Fiscal Year Put at
$712,145,000.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
A swift dwindling of the Recon-
struction Finance Corps activities
was forecast today in President Roose-
velt's budget message to Congress.
Estimates based on extension Of the
corporations lending powers beyond
the present expiration date Of Feb
ruary Ian extension desired by Mr..
ROOSevelt--put probable expenditures
Evening star., 1935-01-07

II Recovery and relief:
]. A. A. A.:
EsesssiiRs EsssaaiIsrts ssnes a5a aSa 5ssaa s 57s
Excess expendi-
tures over
taxes - SO = 199 -9S
lures ......... 1903 4.479 4.11O
Total recovery and
relief expendi-
lures 3.g3O 4.o1l 4.OI=
Total expenditures
retirementsj 49,. e.a9e 741e 7.a14
Hsst Hss dfst ssSS sSS 1928 Ss sssS ssS
Gross deficit. -. $3.50 4,s69 4.52s
The estimated expenditures for the
fiscal year 1886, as shown in the
general budget summary, total in
round figures $3.50, 900, 900, includ-
ing statutory debt retirements. OF
this amount, $3,938,000,000 are for
regular purposes, and the remainder
for recovery and relief. The regular
expenditures consist of 1882. .000. 900
for the operation and maintenance
of the regular departments and es-
adjustments of the Government,
which includes 100000 900 to be
expended from an annual appropria-
ton of 100000, 900 for public works,
as requested in the budget and as
explained below. The other items of
regular expenditures are s740,000, 900
for veterans pensions and benefits,
S875, 100000 for interest on the ma
tional debt, $3.50, 100000 for statutory
debt retirements and SOS 100000 for
tax refunds Excluding processing tax
refunds).
Reasons for Increases.
Some of the principal increases in
the major expenditure items for 1886
may be cited. The restoration Of the
final 5 per cent of the Is per cent
salary reduction amounts to about
$40,000,000 for the regular depart
ments and establishments, exclusive
of the Postal Service. The latter
service requires an additional sum of
s25,000,000 for this purpose. Pro-
vision has been made in 1886 for an
increase in the civil service retirement
and disability fund of $20,000,000 over
1885, making a total annual cOntri-
button to this fund of $40,000,000.
This increase will enable the Govern
ment to meet more nearly its annual
obligation with respect to this fund,
It has been estimated that this obli-
cation amounts to $50, 100000, but
such estimate has not been sufficiently
established to justify its inclusion in
the budget. An effort will be made
during the coming year, however,
definitely to establish the Govern
ment's annual liability, the amount Of
which will be included in the 1887
Evening star., 1935-01-07

From February l, 1882, to Novem-
ber 80, 1934-nearly three years
provision for recovery and relief
through appropriations and author
izations reached grand total of $14,-
412 100000. OF this total there re-
manned unexpended on November 80,
$6,247, 100000, large part of which
had already been obligated though
not yet actually paid out by the
Treasury. The sum Of approximately
$900000,000 from the unobligated
portion must, however, be made
available for transfer to emergency
relief needs during the remaining
months of the current fiscal year.
Recommendation is therefore made
that the Congress provide for the i'm
mediate transfer of such unobligated
portion for relief during the transit
ton period from direct relief to work
relief as outlined in my annual mes
sage. 1s.h4
Relief Funds Low.
Appropriations for emergency re-
lief purposes will be completely ex-
hausted early in February. Hence
it is vitally necessary that unobligated
balances Of moneys already appro-
priated be made Immediately avail
able to care for the unemployed dur
ing the remainder of the fiscal year
1885 and the transition period.
Through such action no new appro-
priation will be required to carry our
relief needs for the current fiscal
year.
The total receipts for the fiscal
year 1885 are estimated at So, Iii ,000,-
600. After deducting from this amount
the processing taxes, estimated at
s589,O00,000, there remains S3,122,-
100000 to be applied against other
expenditures of the Government.
The income tax for 1885 is esti-
mated to yield 1924 100000 more
than in 1884, or a total of $1,051,-
100000. The receipts from n1iScel-
laneous internal revenue taxes, ex-
elusive of processing taxes, are ex-
pected to produce $60,0O0,000 more in
1885 than in 1884, thus bringing the
total yield up to $1,543 100000. It
is estimated that customs will show
a decrease for 1885 under 1884 Of
about $26,000,000, due to the Cuban
sugar agreement and to the foreign
trade situation in general. Miscel-
laneous revenues and other receipts
from the realization Of certain assets
are expected to yield for 1885 about
Evening star., 1935-01-07

-HE full text of the Presidents
budget message to Congress
follows: -. oo,ar... 81 tho
United States:
The budget of the United states
Government for the fical year ending
June 80. 1886, of which this message
is definitely part, is transmitted
herewith for your consideration. 1t
deals principally with the moneys
carried in the general and special &C
counts of the Government, which
constitute the great bulk Of the gen.
eral fund, as this fund is shown on
the first page of the daily Treasury
statement. The remainder of the
general fund consists mainly OF
moneys carried in trust accounts.
which are not strictly Government
moneys, and therefore enter only
incidentally into the financial pic
ture presented by the General Budget
Summary.
The total expenditures of the Gov.
erment for the fical year ended June
80. 1884, as shown in the General
Budget Summary and supporting
schedules, amounted to ,l05,000,0 900
in round figures. OF this amount,
the sum of S1,O86 ,OOo.o 900 was spent
for the operation and maintenance of
the regular departments and estab-
lishments of the Government. $685.
100000 to meet veterans pensions
and benefits. S757,O00,000 for interest
on the national debt, $3.50, 100000 for
statutory debt retirements, and $685.
100000 for tax refunds, making in
the aggregate 1882, 100000. The re-
mainder of the total expenditures
for that year, amounting to $4,283,-
100000, was spent for recovery and
relief The general purposes to which
this amount was applied are set forth
in detail in Supporting Schedule No.
3. 1t will be seen that this amount
was expended approximately as fol-
lows:
Evening star., 1935-01-07
Economy Legislation.

Many of the estimates of appro-
priations contained in the budget are
based upon the continuation of GER
tain legislative provisions with refer
erice to economy which are now in
force They are appended hereto
and should be re-enacted if the esti-
mates are to be sustained. Among
those continued is the provision for
certain special salary reductions, the
suspension of the re-enlistment bonus
Evening star., 1935-01-07

Total regular
expenditures. 2.462 2,74S 1902
Evening star., 1935-01-07

-HE full text of the Presidents
budget message to Congress
follows:
Evening star., 1935-01-07

also items for fthe rivers and har-
bors, running around $60,000,000.
Reviews Economic Situation.
The President reviewed briefly the
economic situation of the country
because of its profound influence on
the Federal budget" He told Con-
gresS that business was substantially
more active, that the average of in
dustrial employment had expanded,
and that the total number Of un-
employed at the end of the fiscal
year 1884, although still very large,
had decreased by about 100000, as
compared with June, 1888, and 4,000,-
900 as compared with the worst point
OF the depression, in March, 1888.
He said that industrial pay rolls aver
age sharply higher over the year.
The sharpest rise in price took place
in farm products, and the farmers
cash income, including governmental
rental and benefit payments, was 81
per cent higher than in the fiscal
year 1888.
In conclusion, the President said
that adherence to the budget would
accomplish three major objectives:
81. The normal functions of the
United States Government can be
carried on with economy and a high
standard of efficiency.
"2. The broad obligation Of the
Government to use all proper efforts
to prevent restitution can be main
tanned under more practical methods
than we ere using at present.
"3. The excellent credit Of the Gov
ernment will be maintained for the
common good"
"I believe that the Congress will
sustain these obiectives," he said
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1935-10-31

made himself rich as a go-between
in TSai Pang operations.
He was lured into the Japanese
concession one night by a friend
and was Immediately nabbed by
Japanese secret operatives. The
next definite news concerning
him was that he was dead.
ESPIONAGE GROUP ACTIVE
Despite prevailing opinion. the
chief operations of the Blue Shirts
were not political assassination, in
the opinion of Chinese observers.
ASSassinations were only a minor
part of the Blue Shirts activities,
they believe.
The principal work was espion-
age and the organization largely
was interested in spying out the
activities of Communist agitators
everywhere.
The Blue Shirts operations
have been virtually suspended in
North China because of continu-
ed Japanese pressure.
In Shanghai, the all-powerful
local secret society is known col
Ioquially as the "Liu Mon" and
is reported to be fabulously
wealthy. The Chinese will talk
about it only in whispers. 1t is
the ruling organization of Shang-
hats vast underworld.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1935-10-31

mates varying with the attitudes.
About 60 miles south Of Asmara
beyond Chenafena was wide,
dusty plain covered with stunted
thorn trees like the lion country
seen in the wild animal movies.
Hyenas, packals, fox, and large
snakes abound.
INSECT KILLS ANIMALS
Captain Albamonte, command
ing Fort Suarez, precipitous
rock rising 5000 feet from the
plain, told me he had to bring his
It's horses and mules up from the
plain every night. There is poi
sonous insect whose bite kills
them within one day. We saw on
the plain pitifully starved camels
with prominent ribs and hump
almost non-eXistent from starva-
ton. / was told it would take
them s months of pasturage to
regain the hump.
On the highlands there are eu-
calyptus trees, candelabra cactus,
spiny leafed cactus, small BUSH
es, and a curious tree with fine
green cylindrical leaves about the
size of a bridge pencil.
The birds are mostly hawks,
vultures, and large black crow
like birds.
Anywhere above 5000 feet al
titude the climate is excellent for
white men and comparatively
healthy, except for malaria in the
lower parts.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1935-10-31
LIGHTHOUSE ROBOT
IS TESTED ON LAKE

DETROIT, Oct. 81. CUP)-
The U. S. lighthouse service is
experimenting near here with q
new type of robot warning shin
that may replace many present
day lighthouses.
Eight miles off the Michigan
coast in Lake st. Clair-conuect-
ing lake between Lakes Erie and
Hudson--a crewless ship performs
all the functions of warning mar
lners of nearby danger.
AS soon as darkness closes
down warning beacon flares, a
radio beacon sends steady calls
and fog signals blare warnings
during murky weather. In a light
house along the coastline the
keeper merely presses buttons to
work the apparatus.
The present ship, in operation
for the past six months, will con-
tlnue as an experiment for an
ether year. The success of it's on
Grafton probably will decide flu
ture policy of the government ser.
vice to seafarers.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1935-10-31

above sea-level, rising abruptly
from a narrow ribbon of lowlands
along the Red sea coast. In these
lowlands bordering the sea the
climate is an inferno. The aver
age temperature is 120 degrees
in the shade in the lowlands, and
seldom falls below 100 at night.
Except at a few points like Mas
sawa and Assab, which are i'm
portant military concentration
points, there are few white men
along the Red sea coast of Fri
trea.
AIR THIN AND REFRESHING
But within rs miles of Massa-
We the escarpment rises sharply
to more than 1000 feet and YOU
are in another world. The plateau
greatly resembles Southern New
Mexico or Western Texas in ap-
pearance and climate. The air is
thin, refreshing and cool, even
during the middle Of the day when
the sun is hot. Men can wear
about the same kind of clothes as
in America, but sun-helmets are
advisable because the suns direct
rays are dangerous. Within five
minutes after the sun sets it be-
gins to get cold. This is the chief
danger to health on the highland
1t is necessary to don additional
clothing Immediately after dark
Everyone wears light overcoats OF
sweaters. We sleep under two OF
three blankets. The other day
slept in tent at soldiers camp
at Adj Ugri. With the best will
the officers were able to furnish
only one blanket each to our par
ty. l piled on top of the camp col
my overcoat, the top of a canva:
tent, rolled in with my clothes or
and still slept little on account OF
the sharp cold. But within a hall
hour after sunrise it was too hot
to stand bareheaded in the sun.
To newcomers the altitude. al
first is extremely trying. My eX'
perience was fairly normal. Dur
ing the first days l suffered from
continual splitting headache anC
occasional nose-bleed. / painted
for breath and slow walk OF
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1935-10-31

even 100 yards completely cS
hausted me. My head buzzed and
there was feeling OF the eye:
popping out.
SOLDIERS SOON ACCLIMATED
But within Il week | began to
be accustomed to the altitude, al
though any exertion still causes
painting and exhaustion. However,,
the Italian soldiers and workmen
here rapidly become acclimated
and feel little effect.
Except in the valleys, part of
the plateau is somewhat arid. The
vegetation is thin, wiry grass, cac-
tus, stunted thorn trees. The ma
tives do cattle-raising on small
scale. The narrow valleys raise
patches of dura, form of millet,
and the main subsistence of the
blacks. The plant resembles corn
and produces a head containing
grain the size of a small shot.
Some Indian corn is raised.
As the plateau slopes toward
the Ethiopian frontier the valleys
broaden and the soil becomes as
tonishingly fertile. 1t is black
loan like Iowa soil, of rich, red
dish color. The Italian peasant
soldiers are amazed by the fertil-
ity. One told me at Adj Quala that
he had raised a whole garden in
rs days, including peas, radishes,
lettuce, turnips, etc.
CHILDREN HERD CATTLE
The valley floors along the
frontier southwark of Asmara are
carpeted with rich patches of
dark green dura and corn. On the
mountainsides are large herds of
the broad-horned African cattle
with large humps on the shoulders
and tall, rangy goats, tended by
| jet-black piccaninnies in white
cotton shammas.
Further east the tableland de-
sends rapidly toward the Sudan.
csc plain. There it is very hot a.
this season-averaging 100 to lie
in the shade. The country is semi
arid, and inhabited mostly by ma
tive blacks.
In the course of a days drive
passed through three different eli
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1935-10-31

ganization with which he is con
nected, it stirs his imagination 10
think of the places and peopie
that it touches. He is especlally
interested in the chemical re-
search which is constantly gong
on, creating new products and
finding new processes. His mar
keting district covers New YORK
as far north as Poughkeepsle ana
western Connecticut. -.
Mr.. Francis came to this otflce
in December of 1888, after three
years with the Standard on com
pany of New Jersey, first IN
Charlotte, N. c., and then in west
Virginia.
He is a native of Henderson
vile, N. c., where his mother,
Mrs. R. L. Francis, ST., and his
brother, William, now live. Al
ways interested In engineering,
Mr.. Francis was educated at
Georgia Tech, graduating in the
class of 1922. During the seven
years following his graduation, ne
was a partner of the firm of Jones
and Francis, who were engaged
in highway construction in varl-
Gus parts of North Carolina, Ten
nessee and South Carolina. They
also operated a highway trucking
business in this same district. Al
ter this company was dissolved in
1929, Mr.. Francis was connected
with the firm of Fisk Carter on
an industrial construction job at
Durham for a year, after which
he went to Charlotte to join the
Standard Oil company of New
Jersey.
In December of 1929, Mr.. Fran
els was married to Miss Nell Car
son of Hendersonville. They have
just taken another years lease on
their attractive apartment at 400
East 5Sth street.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1935-10-31
R. L. FRANCIS IS
ACTIVE IN NEW.
YORK BUSINESS
Picture of Career Given Bv
Aline Hughes in "The
State"

(The following article on Rob.
ert Lee Francis, by Aline Hughes
appearing in the recent issue of
The State, under the heading
"Tarheels In New York." will be
of wide interest to friends in this
section.)
Robert Lee Francis-or Bob
as he is known to his friends
is not only man of tremendous
energies intelligently directed,
but he is also possessed of an
imagination which lifts his work
out of the class of routine bust
ness into something larger and
much more interesting. His work
is the marketing of industrial lu-
bricants for the Colonial Beacon
Oil company, which is subsidiary
of the Standard Oil company,
Inc. (N.J.). These lubricants in
clude petrolatums, wakes, process
oils, and dozens of other products
which are used in mills and fac.
tories, steamships, and industrial
plants of all kinds. His large of
flee on the 22nd floor of the r.
C. A. building in Radio City has
fine outlook over the north end
of Manhattan. On the walls are
charts of various kinds, maps
marked by colored pins, and
against one wall a cabinet holding
carefully labeled bottles which
contain the various products of
the company.
Instead of being overpowered
by the tremendous size of the or