davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-12-24

II NOXVILLE, Tenn, Dec. "a
IN Part of the broad social
aspect of Twas program is the
regeneration of the land. They are
going about it very sys 5ematically.
You might call it managed farm
ing" although that sounds pretty
stiff. But that's what it really is.
Many IVA men think it's the
most important part of their pro-
gram, even if it isn't so spectacu-
lar. Here is how it works:
They arrange with a farmer to
use his land as demonstration
farm" They don't pay him any
thing; in fact, he bears most OF
the expense.
First. they'll take one of his gull
lied hillsides, one that won't grow
anything any more.
IF it's very badly quilted, they
l. build little rock dams every
1000 feet or so up and down each
gulley. These catch the silt when
it washes down after the next
rain. and in a few months the
gullies are filled up.
Then, after the hillside is fairly
smooth again, they bring in a
tractor and grade terraces. A
sloping field a quarter of mile
wide would have three or four ter
races, following the contour of the
slope.
Then they get the farmer to
agree to follow certain rules on
this piece of land for five years.
He has to plant it in clover, or
some legume crop. He must not
pillow it. He has to fence it in. He
also has to contribute to a fund
to buy the tractors and machinery
to do the terracing work.
In exchange for all this, IVA
gives him free phosphate from
Muscle Shoals. Phosphate is whats
the soil needs most. and it is
scarce. Since IVA took over tn e
nitrate plant at Muscle Shoal 5,
they have been experimenting
with phosphates They have some
thing pretty powerful already.
They make it by treating phos-
phorous rock with electricity.
THEY give this phosphate to
L tie farmer. His legume5 crop
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-12-24

ourselves whent we become old and
unable to wo'k.
Just as oil d-age assistance is
designed to help people now aging
or close to odd age, Phase No. 2
old-age benefits - is designed to
assure your ger employed persons
with definite income when they
retire and ito gradually do away
with old-aeje pensions under Phase
No. /.
One rea son for that is to pre-
pare for the day when those IS
and over will amount to 10 per
cent of t ne population estimated
by 1870 tnstead of 6 per cent, as
now.
EFFTETIVE in January. 1887,
IL th's government will begin col
Letting: currently tax from an
estimeHed 100000 workers and
their employers equal percent
ages sof wages earned and paid
which, will be paid into Federal
Old Age Reserve Fund in the
Treasury. This tax applies only to
the first $4,000 of the employees in
come or to the entire income if it
is eno greater than that.
1t will be at the rate of l per
c ent for both employer and en-
Tloye in 1887 and gradually will
Else to per cent in 1949 and
thereafter.
The Bureau of Internal Revenue
1. hasn't yet figured out the best way
+ to collect it. (The law permits the
! Postmaster General to issue GER
tain stamps which may be pur-
chased from postoff1ces and used
to pay the taxi
Beginning in 1912, the Treasury
will begin to pay out, monthly
benefit checks to all those affected
by the plan who have reached the
age of IS, and have received $4,000
or more in total wages since 1886
provided wages were received on
at least one day in each year.
MINIMUM monthly benefit
1V1 which can be paid is $40 and
maximum $85. Examples of the
way it works out: A man who has
averaged $50 month salary since
1886 will receive monthly checks
of $3.50 if he becomes IS in 1947,
$3.50 if he becomes IS in 1857,
$27.5O in 1867, and $3.50 in 1877
after 40 years of employment and
taXpaying under the plan.
Or if his average salary is the
taxing top Of $4,000 a year, he will
receive $3.50 after 10 years of
| employment, $5625 after 20 years,
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-12-24

nlediately previous residence or
more than five years residence in
the nine years preceding applica-
ton for pension. No state may
impose any citizenship require
ment which excludes any Amer
lean citizen from pensions.
FEWER than half the states are
Il expected to be Immediately
eligible for old-age pension money
when Congress ,appropriates it,
probably in January.
The American Association for
Old-Age Security says the only
states which now meet Federal
requirements are Alabama, Cali
fornia, Connecticut, Massachus-
etts, Michigan, Missouri, Nebraska,
New Hampshire, Oklahoma, Ore
gon, Rhode Island, Vermont,
Washington, Wisconsin, and Wy
oming.
Eleven states have no old-age
pension laws at all-Georgia, Kan
sas, Louisiana, Missippippi, New
Mexico, North Carolina, South
Carolina, South Dakota, Texas,
Tennessee, and Virginia. Of those,
only Louisiana, South Carolina,
Mississippi, and Virginia have
meetings of their Legislatures next
year.
Florida, Illinois, Maine, Nevada,
Kentucky, and West Virginia
haven't set dates for their laws to
take effect. Florida, Kentucky,
Nevada, Utah, and West Virginia
have laws optional with counties,
whereas the Federal act says they
must be statewide and manda-
tory.
Eleven states require from 10 tctJ
20 years of citizenship, which mus
be changed under the Federal ac'i.
Sixteen others call for residen' ee
within the state for from 10 to 35
years.
IF all the states got prom pity
Il into line, somewhere AROUND
100000 needy persons probably
would qualify for old-age pensions.
About 10000 are now receiving
some kind of pension under old
age laws of % states, averaging
$1469 a month.
1t has been estimated Officially
that about 100000 Americans are
over IS, that nearly half of them
are dependent, that at LEAST a mil
lion of them are on public charity,
and that in normal years only half
to two thirds of us are able to lay
aside enough money to support
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-12-24

$6875 after 80 years, and S81.25
after 40 years-assuming he is IS
by the end of such periods.
Those figures, you will observe,
mean that young men and women
affected by the plan for a long
time will receive much less in pro-
portion to their total contributions
than workers now within shooting
distance of IS.
This comes about through a
provision which says monthly
benefits shall be paid on total
wages received after 1886 and
prior to age IS, at the rate of one
half of l per cent for the first
$4,000 ($15 month";, one-tWelfth
of l per cent for the next $4,000
and one-tWenty-fourth of / per
cent for all over $4,000.
1T WAS felt by somebody, with
= the approval of President
Roosevelt, that it would be cheap
er for taxpayers and better for
older workers who could come I'M
der the plan for relatively brief
periods before reaching IS if
younger workers, contributing for
80 years or more, were made to
bear a large part of the burden
of retiring their elders on annu-
tiles as we'll as carrying expense
of providing for their own old age.
Some bitter complaints have
been made against this policy.
Contrary to most impressions,
Fed"-.'l Old-Age Reserve Fund
will be paying off by the end of
1887. Not in annuities, but in
small lump sums which the law
provides for those who have con-
trlbuted and have reached IS or
died before they have worked five
years under the plan and become
eligible for benefits.
In case of death before IS, the
individuals estate will receive an
amount equal to 312 per cent of
total wages received after 1886 and
in case of death after IS his es-
tate will receive a like percentage
less the sum of benefits paid to
him during his lifetime.
Probably 100000 small lump sum
payments will be made in 1887 be-
cause Of death Or arrival at 65-
and others in each year thereafter.
nTHER things to remember
" about old-age benefits are
that no employe or employer con-
tributions are made by or for
any one after he or she reaches
IS and that no one will receive any
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-12-24

to the Fascist regime and the Italian army the APP
prova and active support of Jesus Christ in the
IN AbysSnia only week before the birthday of the
Prince of Peace
The good and reverend father announced this
commitment with all the assurance of state chair
man delivering his delegation to the candidate hav-
ing the greatest collection OF poStmasterships and
deputy marshalS just before the stampede in a ma
tlonal political convention at home. God had climbed
aboard the band wagon and Mussoni had accepted
rim into the party with dignified condeScenson.
For almost an hour after this important an
nouncement, the women of the community filed up
the steps OF the scaffold, most of them DID, wealth.
erbeaten women in ShaWS with the mud of the farm
on their shoes and medals their dresses, won by
their sons or husbands in the which was to end
war. Every second third one carried an in
verified tin hat containing collection of rings and
old jeWeIry.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-12-24

can afford it. There are very few
SO backwoodsy, the IVA men say,
that they aren't willing to try. In
fact, the thing spreads like ripples
on a pond.
The CCC boys have helped with
the work 1t is organized under
the direction of the county agents.
Ninety-five of the Valleys 100
counties have voluntary terracing
clubs, where the farmers help
each other
TINE farmers find they can do
l. their terracing for from S120
to $3.50 an acre. So far, $4,000
acres have been terraced, and al
together 182,500 acres have some
sort of erosion control, such as
planting legume crops, dams
in gullies and so on. And that is
only a drop in the bucket, for in
Tennessee alone two million acres
have already been destroyed.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-12-24

their electric bills when they get
cheap IVA current. They should
be building new homes, cheaply,
like those in the town of Norris;
many of them should be working
in the small factories that are
planned, and farming a little at
home, too.
1t is a grand dream, and when
you drive around here, it looks like
a dream that has solid stuff in it.
Tomorrow - Reg genera ting
Mother Earth.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-12-24
PAGEANT TO BE GIVEN
AT SERVICE TONIGHT

Meridian Hills Observance Also to
Include Carols by Choir.
Christmas Eve is to be observed
at the Meridian Heights Presby-
terrain Church with a candlelight
service at II tonight. Chief item on
the program is to be a pageant,
The Spirit of Christian Progress"
directed by Fred L. Palmer, and
performed by a cast Of 20.
George E. Potts is to lead the
choir in group Of Christmas
carols and anthems.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-12-24
BY RODNEY BUTCHER

Copyright. 1885. NEA Service, Inc.J
WASHINGTON, Dec. "a.
W The Social Security
program undertakes to do
two things about the prob
lens of old age and the
restitution which so often
accompanies it:
l. To encourage and financially
aid the states Immediately in es-
tablishing old-age pensions for
persons already aged and needy.
That phase of the program is Of
ficially known as "old-age as
slstance."
2. To develop a Federal old-age
insurance system under which
employers and employees will be
taxed for an eventually huge fund
from which annuities will be paid
to employees on retirement at the
age of IS. This phase is officially
known as Federal old-age pene-
fits"
Old-age benefits are the most
controversial part of the whole
program. The scheme is attacked
because it means an eventual 6
per cent tax on pay rolls, which,
coupled with the Federal unem-
ployment insurance tax, will total
9 per cent by 1949 and a total tax
drain" of perhaps $2,70O0OO,OOO
year.
The estimated $4,000, 900, 900 re-
serve fund which it will have Gre
ated by 1910 will exceed the pres
ent national debt The laws
stipulation that this must be in
vested in government securities
probably means an end to private
ownership of these government
securities.
It's huge cost will be borne by
younger workers, first in the tax
on their incomes and second in
the tax on their employers, which
theoretically will be passed on to
them as consumers.
This is the first time a nation
has established a contributory old
age insurance scheme without
charging some of its cost up to
the state, with its sources of rev.
enue from the wealthy.
CINCE old-age Phase No. | will
~ pay off next year, let's analyze
old-age assistance first.
The aim is to allow old people
to spend their last years in some
thing like dignity and comfort,
outside the poorhouse, by stimu-
lating the states into a Federal
aid scheme to provide an income
for their needy over the age of IS
or near that figure.
The Social Security Board is
authorized to pay out about $50
O00,0C0 this year in matching dol
lar for dollar such money as
states provide for old-age pen
sions. Other appropriations are
planned for ensuing years.
To receive Federal money, a
state must have an old-age pen
sion law which meets certain
minimum standards required by
the Security Act and is approved
by Ssh.
The board will match state al
lotments for these pensions up to
SIS month, which means that
any old-age pension above $50
will include more state than Fed
eral money. The state may limit
pensions to persons of 10 years or
more until 1910, when the limit
in all state setups must come
down to IS.
State residence requirements
may not exceed one year of i'm
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-12-24
CAROLS TO BE PART
OF ST. PAUL'S SERVICE

Episcopal Christmas Mass to Be
Read at 1880 Tonight.
Holy Communion service at st.
Paul's Episcopal Church at 1870
tonight is to include a Commute
program of carols by the choir.
Soloists in the service are to be
Mrs. Juliet Shaw soprano Mrs.
Irene Jarrard, contralto. James
Gilbreath, tenor, and Edward Mar
tin, baritone. Clarence H. Carson
is organist and choirmaster. and
the Rev. William Burrows is rector.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-12-24

al the Joy out Of the worlds most
glorious holiday.
And so this year I will just
stink off quietly and avoid the
brickbats. I still think that the
letter is a phony piece of writing
and I'm still against it.
But I have begun to learn that
there are certain set pieces by
which man sWears so solidly that
it Is almost a waste of time to
engage in controversy.
Nor do I pretend to assert that
I am wholly without sentiment in
regard to Christmas. Last year,
think it was, I stood on the deck
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-12-24

The fourth diamond is returned
and, of course, declarer trumps
with the six of spades.
At this point, the good nine of
clubs is led and, if West trunps,
dummy overtrumpS. If West dis
cards a Leart, so does dummy.
BY properly handling the
trumps, declarer makes his con-
tract.
(copyright. 1885. NEA Service. Incl
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-12-24

awarded TO her son. who was killed
IN the big war. MuSSolini he'd it
in his palm, shaking his head
gravely, then slowly and with ten
der solemnity dropped it into big
hamper among a buShel or more
other medals, wedding rings. lock-
cts, watches and chains collected
from the people of the district for
the gold that was in them.
The act was going over big
One of the priests had passed over
his gold cross and chain to be
dropped into the basket. Another
in Surplice and caSsock had OPP
ened the ceremonies with a re-
ligiOus OratiOn in which he offered
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-12-24
YOU AND u. S. SOCIAL SECURITY
Fund OF Billions for OldAge Aid Planned in Huge Program

What the Eovernment-state Social Sc
curity plan means-how the mammoth
program will operate. who will be bene-
fitted, how the money will be appro-
priated. etc.-is told by Rod1ey butcher.
in a series of three articles, of which
this is the second.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-12-24
EIZnough
BY
.ESIBRQOk PEGLER

D ONE, Dec pam old climbed slowly
IN up the steps of open-air scaffold where
MuSSollni stood surrounded by BlackShirts priests
and altar boys, in a brand-new village built on re-
Claimed swamp land about so miles from Rome She
unfaStened a pin of medals which hung over her
heart and offered it to the Duce. He extended his
hand in black kid glove to receive it, but the old
woman drew back the medal for an instant and
kissed it farewell. Then she handed over the medal
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-12-24

q
skrted the easterly end of Cuba This year if things
go well, 1 hope to have So mutuel ticket on me
winner of the Christmas Handicap at a Southern
race track, which shall be nameless far I'm
concerned. I might even have two tickets, because
I think that this is the season at which should
be more intent upon giving than receiving.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-12-24
Haywood BR0UN

TN planning TO 90 away for Christmas for several
Il reasons. One of them is that I don't want to be
around when that annual letter is printed from the
little girl TO the newspaper editor asking about Santa
Claus. 1 realize that the whimsical reply has become
a classic In years gone by used to fly into rage
and write violent column against the practice of
lying to little children. But the result always
the same. From six to seven letters in de-
nounclng me as a mean old VINO wanted to take
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-12-24
Milk Concern Gives Turkeys

Each of the 10 employees of the
Weber Milk Co., 1125 Cruft-st, is to
be presented with turkey by the
company as Christmas gift.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-12-24
BY ERNIE PYLE

Editors Note-This is another of
series of articles about TVA)
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-12-24
Born Too Soon

MY son gets Today vacation from school, which
1V1 confirms me in the belief that born some
80 or 40 years too soon. Our recess was no more
than a week if remember correctly and, of course,
coumnsts always labor since few realize the strain
under which they toll.
Only last night perfect stranger walked up to
me in public place and said Il think your stuff
is terrible"
What are you supposed to do in a case like that?
1t would be neither ethical possible to punch
every honest and candid critic in the nose and at
the same time am less than ready to go out and
shoot myself. That's one of the reasons why am
leaving New York for the Christmas holidays The
spirit of good will has never been sufficiently
tensive to include all coumnistS. want to get to
some far off city where there friends to tell
me what's wrong with my work.
Moreover, I have never been sold the theory
of a white damp or a chilly Christmas The his
torcal associations of the day seem to point to
much more friendly kind of weather 1 am told that
the city to which plan to go celebrates the holiday
season with firecrackers and roman candles. In
far that touches on New Years, I'm all for it.
A Booming Time
TY plan is to purchase four or five dozen cannon
1Vl crackers and name them after my particular
vices. Then it will be possible for me to stand on
a little hill and cheer Sloth explodes with loud
bang 1t will lie on the grass into tiny tatters,
and from that day forth 1 expect never to be af-
flcted with lazineSs again
And if place AvarciouSness under tin can 1t
ought TO make very considerable explosion Perhaps
that wouldn't be safe. 1t might shake the entire
town And when touch the match to the fuses of
Guttony and Self Indulgence it will be expedient for
me to for my life and to all passersby that
blast is coming
Temper may prove to be dud and whatever
anyt >dy else may think fear that Conceit will also
prove dud and merely splitter feeby. The powder
may be dampened by contact with a most penetrat-
ing inferiority complex.
New York is not the Christmas city for me because
it brings back memories of my childhood and the
days when I, too, believed in Santa Claus. Not
that would to recapture that period for a
ond 1t doesn't arouse nostalgia but, on the con-
trary deep resentment The question which plaques
me when see the tiny tots looking in wonder and
fear at Uncle Jack in falseface is WAS really such
sap that when had reached the ripe old age of
4 going on So"
No, the reindeer are out. I've grown in wisdom.
This year I'm going to bet on maiden 2-year-old
selling platers.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1935-12-24
Solution to PreuiouS
Contract Problem
BY w. E. M'KENNEY

VOU may have heard a player
l. remark during the course Of
a bridge game. i wish I could get
an ace or a king once in while
Quite often this same player, who
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1935-05-30

EVERA ( NATION has its irres-
ponsible Aat-wits who talk too
much. sukb one IS J. b M.
Herzog, white, prime minister Of
south Africa, who, in London last
week, suggested that England give
back to Germany Southwest Afri-
ca and Tangaryilka Territory. two
colonies taken during the war
and, il addition, that Germany be
permitted to go in and take Ii
IBERIA just as Italy win try to con-
quer Ethiopia.
Herzog = rnotivated by the fear
that Africans may some day rise
up and chase the whites out. In
South Africa whites are outnum-
bered ten to one. Herzog would
like German help when the great
day of accounting comes
Coarse Dutciman as he is, Her
zoe knows that his mention Of Ii
IBERIA is not only undiplomatlc, but
rude. Maybe he hasn't heard that
Liberia and the Firestone Compa-
MES have kissed and settled their
difficulties
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1935-05-30
SUPURB ART Of
NEGRO TROUPE
STIRS NEW YORK

NEW YORK--HarIem, the vast
neighborhood north of Central
Park and the largest Negro COM
munity in the world, has become
overnight a favorite spot of critics
and other enthusiasts of the thea
ter. The reason is Negro roper
tory company
A fortnight ago this Negro cast
appeared in a revival of the nauti-
cal comedy, Sailor Beware" that
excited its reviewers only into
commenting In a facetious man
ner. Now it is astounding those
erstwhile skeptical auditors with
a thrilling, explosive performance
of that noted newspaperman COM
edy, Front Page"
Ben FIecht and Charles MacAr-
thur, authors Of the play, have at
tended the Negrc-acted produc-
ton. They admitted it was thrill
ing.
With Juano Hernandez as the
bombastic Hildy johnson and with
Frank Wilson as the sardonic ma
naging editor, the play, with its
sepia characters, gathers a leap
ing ribaldry that recaptures many
CONTINUED on Page Three)
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1935-05-30

Jesse Owens Wins Title As
Worlds Greatest Athlete
Negro Star Breaks Three World Track Records in
Big-Ten Track and Field Meet

ANN ARBOR, Mich. It was
Jesse Owens. colored athlete Of
Ohio University, who stepped into
the hero role in the Big Ten track
and field meet Saturday. with the
most amazing display Of track
prowess one man escr has given,
Here IS what Owens aid to make
this the greatest conference meet
that has ever been held, and pro-
baby the greatest two-day meet
in the history Of track
Tied the worlds record of "a
seconds in the 100-yard dash:
Broke all existing 220-yard rec
ords with race Of 20.3. tenth
Of a second faster than the best
previous time, the 20.4 American
college record made BY Ralph Met
calfe Of Marquette. in 1888;
Broke all 220-yard low hurdle
marks, with a time of 22.6. The
best previous mark being the Ann
erican College record Of 22.7 set by
Jack Kener, Of Ohio State. in 1882.
Wrecked every existing broad
jump record with an amazing leap
of 26 feet, 81 inches, the greatest
jump ever recorded by man. and
that BY fun six inches. The