davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
, 1935-02-27
ii Schools Enter
Debate Tournament
fspecial 20 The Heraldl

SAN BENITO. Feb. q. Eleven
schools have entered 20 teams in
the debate tournament to be held
here Friday and Saturday. accord
ing to c. l.. Fincher. debate coach
who Is in charge.
The first round Will start at $50
o'clock Friday afternoon. The Sec
ond round will be had Friday with
remainder Of the matches Satur-
day morning and afternoon.
Trophies will be given In both
girls and boys divisions.
Schools entered are: Mission,
McAllen, Weslaco. Lyford, Primera,
Harrington. Edg.wood CSan Anto-
MOI, San Benito and San Benito
junior high. all boys and girls
teams and also a girls team from
Rio Hondo and a boys team from
Pharr-San Juan-Alamo school.
, 1935-02-27
MISCELLANEOUS DATA
SUMMARY

Blrometric pressure was moder-
ately high TO high practically
throughout the United States We'd
nesday morning. with the principle
crest over Texas and the south CEN
trail states C30.58 at Shreveport. The
Cold Wave has reached the Atlantic
coast and northern Florida We'd
neSday morning. and unseasonaDly
low temperatures prevailed practi-
cally throughout the United States,
with generally fair weather except
in the eastern states.
Brownsville 8 a. N. EST) sea-
level pressure 1888 inches.
, 1935-02-27
Band Concert

The 18th Cavalry band will pre-
SEM a concert at AIS p. m. Thurs
day at Fort Brown. under the direc-
ton Of w. @. Archambault, con-
ductor.
The following program will be
presented:
March. The Executive. Over
ture. Merry Wives OF Windsor;
Grand Fantasia, Bohemian Girl;
French Patrol. "Patrouille Fran
c~aise"; Selection. Operate Gems:
Spanish Waltz. "Andalusia"; March
Finale. Bethany Commandery".
, 1935-02-27
Engineer Dies

FORT WORTH, Feb. q. R-Dana
q. Griffin, Sr.. noted consulting en-
gineer who supervised digging of the
first Hudson river tunnel in New
York, died CT a heart attack at his
home here Tuesday.
He came to Fort Worth % years
ago as superintendent Of the city
waterworks. He served here also g.
a consulting engineer and represe-
sentative Of a machinery concern.
, 1935-02-27
McAllen Vets Win
Cup at Convention
Especial % M Heraldl

McALLEN, FEB. a. Members Of
McAllen American Legion post, have
returned from Laredo with a silver
cup for best representation OF any
post in the district at the annual
district convention. The post only
recently was awarded the state cert
ificate OF distinguished service for
its community activity during the
past year.
II. Dave Horger. past commander
OF the McAllen post. was nominated
as state committeeman from the
Fifteenth District al the Laredo
meeting. He succeeded w. Frank
Workman OF WeSaico. who was
nominated vice-commander Of the
third division Of the Texas Legion
department.
, 1935-02-27
Edit School Paper
Especial to The Herald

EDINBURG, Feb. a. Roland
EvraetS and Elmer Rollins. the lat
ter Of McAllen. will continue during
the second semester as editors-ln-
chief Of the Campus Beacon" Ed
inburg Junior College newspaper.
v. ". Mills and Miss Mae Hamme.
both OF Edinburg, have been APP
pointed managing editors and Roy
Bennett OF Ed.nDurg will serve as
business manager. The Beacon Is a
bi-monthly publication and DR.. G.
A. Sissons. professor Of English, Is
faculty advisor.
, 1935-02-27

HARLINdEN. Feb. 1T- - More
tourists from tine Gopher state than
have ever been noticed at m Mlnne-
sofa picnic. were on hand Sunday
at the annual gathering which vas
held nc Fair Park.
All former officers including Mrs.
HARRIET "A. Taber and Mrs. WIN
Bassett OF San Benito who have
been president and treasurer since
the organization was formed I'm
1924, were reelected. Mrs. Lou
Palmer OF San Benito also was re-
elected secretary.
George A. Toolan OF San Benito
described early days I'm the Valley
and III. I'D. Hinkly or Luvrrn. Minn-
who has been visiting the valley
for many years. described early
days Ia this section. III. Q. Jesup
OF San Benito also spoke. Mr.. and
Mrs. Knowlton prepared the coffee
for the Gophcrs who had brought
their picnic lunches
Mrs. Hagedorn led group sing
ing which began with the state
song and Miss Hagednrn sang solos,
The club viii meet at the same
place the last Sunday In February.
1885.
, 1935-02-27
Manufac And
Repair Shop Opens
Especial to The Heraldl

HARLlNGEN, Feb. 2T.-A well
equipped : furniture manufacturing
and repair shop has been opened here
at 7l8-720 South First Street by A.
v. Gentry. Making and repairing
and refinishing Of furniture, anti
CUES and novelties Of all kinds will
be featured. according to Mr.. Gen.
try.
F. w. Schap will be in charge OF
production and Of the new furniture
department.
An invitation to the general public
TO attend the formal opening OF the
new firm on March / has been issued
by Mr.. Gentry.
, 1935-02-27
Radio Club to Meet

tSpeclul 10 Inc ntIhluf
HARLINGEN, Feb. 27.-The VAL
ley Radio Club will meet here sun
day, March 10. TO make plans for
entertaining the Tip o. Texas Ra-
do club in the Valley on Sunday.
March 81.
Frank X. Matejka OF San Benito
is president OF the Valley club and
secretary of the Tip O. Texas or
ganization to be entertained.
, 1935-02-27
Masons of San Juan
Buy Lodge Building
Especial to rhe Herald

foptCIhI % Tie HtIdIuI
SAN JUAN. Feb. 27.-Aembers OF
the san Juan Masonic lodge and
Order Of the Eastern Star have
purchased the two-Story building
opposite the city hall for conversion
into a lodge hall and community
building. A committee of five per-
sons will supervise the remodeling,
and includes c b. Shumaker OF
Alamo. Walter Good, Mrs. A. A.
Williams and Mrs. leila Miller Of
San Juan, and Mrs. Effie Roe OF
Alamo.
, 1935-02-27
Starr Gets New PWA
Grant for Schools
Especial "a The Herald

RIO GRANDE CITY. Feb. a.
An increase OF $4,000 has been made
by the Public Works administration
III its allotment TO Starr county
school districts for new buildings,
according to Mrs. Florence j. Scott.
county superintendent Of public in
struction. The increase brought the
total loan-grant to the county TO
1880. Work Is now under way or
the new $4,000 ROMA High school
building and rev buildings are TO
be constructed at FL Sauz and Sal
memo.
, 1935-02-27
Trousdale Funeral
ESPECIAL 10 The Heraldl

HARLINGEN1 FbD- IL uII1-
raj services we're held from the
Wahler Mortuary Mon
day afternoon for Betty Jean
Trousdale. four. with Rc-. L. A.
Boone. Methodist. in charge. PAIL
bearers were ". T.. Mangrum. Hor-
ace Mangrum. M. L. Arnold and r.
II. Arnold. Burial was at the Har-
lingen cemetery.
The child Is survived by its par
ents, Mr.. and Mrs. p. B. Trous-
dale Of R~angerville. a brother. YER
non Lee. and its grandparents. Mr..
and Mrs B. +. TrouSdale Of Ran
gerville and Mrs. q. w. Mangrum
&C Dallas.
, 1935-02-27
Debate Honors Split
fsnecial 70 me HrraIdl

SAN BENTTO. Feb. 27.-The Iu-
nior high school boys won their
debate with La Feria high school
at Hsrlingen Monday night but the
girls lost their match The loca
boys team was composed OF Burrus
Pugsley and Willis HOWE and the
girls team OF Aileen East and Sally
Crow.
, 1935-02-27
Progresso Pavement
Work Begins Soon

WESLACO, Feb. 81 Construc-
ton Of five miles OF new concrete
pavement on State. Highway 4. the
Old Military Highway. between
Progreso and Thayer. opposite Rio
Rico. Mexico. Is expected TO begin
shortly. Harry Crawford. in charge
OF unemployment registration in
Weslaco, has been requests BY the
state highway department TO secure
$50 laborerS. The paving was re-
Gently authorized by the depart
ment.
, 1935-02-27
Music Meet Expected
To Attract Crowds
Especial 20 The Hernld)

MERCEDES. Feb. 81 Music
lovers from every section OF the
Valley are expected TO avail them
selves OF the opportunity TO hear
the best talent at the Rio Grande
Valley Music Meet In Mercedes
March 8 and o.
Major r. I. Dunn. Of A. and NJ
College. viii Judge the instrument
tai contests. and outstanding talent
is being brought TO the Valley to
judge the vocal department Of the
meet.
, 1935-02-27

NEW YORK, Feb. ~. Rr-Frank
o. Salisbury. British portrait artist
who has. painted them all. nominated
Wednesday as the three busiest men
In the world:
President Roosevelt
Premier Mussolini
King George v
. But not necessarily In that or
der.
Sitting in his skyscraper studio on
the 4lSt floor Of the Waldorf-AS-
, 1935-02-27

DR.. q. Eliot Smith. famous pro-
fessor Of anatomy at a British col
'ege, expressed the belief that while
brains grow teeth rest, and that man
pays with weak and crooked teeth
for a better brain.
, 1935-02-27
GETS CHURCH APPOINTMENT

SAN JUAN, Feb. IL Hal Nc
Combs, former director Of music at
Kingsville High School and son OF
Mr.. and Mrs. II. L. McCombS Of
San Juan, has been appointed d.
rector Of religious education and
assistant pastor at the Port Arthur
Methodist church. He win assume
his new duties April Is.
, 1935-02-27
The Weather

East Texas least of Tooth meri-
diam Fair, not SO cold. frost to coast
Wednesday night; Thursday >Ir and
warmer.
Light to moderate easterly to
sou1nerly winds on the coast.
, 1935-02-27
GOES UNDER KNIFE
Especial to The Heraldl

Especial 70 The Heraldl
HARLINGEN, Feb. 81. - Mrs
Rose Kesler Of 400 E. Madison Ave
underwent a tonsilectomy at the
Valley Baptist hospital.
, 1935-02-27

The red squirrel is equipped with
o set of sensitive nerve bristles,
which help guide its step. Some are
on the forefeet. some on the stom-
ach. and some on the cheeks.
, 1935-02-27
BULLETIN

First figures. lowest temperature last
night. second. highest yesterday; third
Wind velocity at 3 a. IN. fourth. pree-
pitation IN last "a hoursl
, 1935-02-27
RIVER BULLETIN

There will be no material change
in the river during the next "a TO
So hours.
, 1935-02-27
TIDE TABLE

High and low tide at Point Isabel
Thursday. under normal meteor
illogical conditions:
r1len l.4S ID. III.
Low STA a. N.
, 1935-02-27

The sea waters of the world con-
tain approximately 100000 cubic
miles OF salt.
Evening star., 1935-12-03
UNION LABEL DRIVE
OPENED BY LABOR
Campaign to Be Carried Before
Merchants and Customers
Urging Purchases.

Organized labor today swung into
action its most notable. active and
continuous campaign in the interest
of union label products and of union
services ever witnessed in Washing
ton"
Launched yesterday afternoon by a
half-hour radio program over WJSV,
the campaign was stressed at the
regular meeting of Central Labor
Union last night.
The campaign, Union Label League
Chairman A. N. Dennis explained, will
be largely educational, to reach all
sections Of citizens, employers and
workers alike-men and women in all
walks of life. Every merchant will be
asked to stock union label mer-
chandise, with assurance of assistance.
through the medium of the campaign,
in selling these products.
Evening star., 1935-12-03
BAN ON PENALTIES
ASKED BY UTILITY
Tennessee Electric Co. Re-
quests Immunity~on Fail
ure to Register.

The District Supreme Court was
asked today to prevent application of
penalties to the Tennessee Electric
Power Co. for failure to register by
December / with the Securities and
Exchange Commission.
The company also joined the six
other concerns which have petitioned
the District court to declare the
Wheeler -Rayburn utility holding COM
panies act unconstitutional.
Stating 1t owns all the securities of
the Toccoa Electric Power Co, which
operates in North Georgia, and is
itself q subsidiary Of the Common
wealth g. Southern Corp of New Jer-
sey, the plaintiff asked immunity from
consequences following failure Of itself
or the parent corporation to register
under the act.
company would not fall under juris-
diction of the act but for the fact the
Federal Power Commission Is holding
up an application for consolidation
of the Taccoa Co. with it. This mer-
ger already has been authorized by
the Railroad and Public Utilities Com
mission of Tennessee The Tennessee
Electric Power Co. operated plants
and distribution lines in 50 of the
95 counties in Tennessee.
It asked the court to determine its
legal status under the Wheeler Ray
burn law and temporarily to enjoin
application Of penalties.
Evening star., 1935-12-03

had wide acquaintance among theat-
rical people.
Many years ago Mr.. Griffith found
ed the United States Storage Co., but
long ago sold his interest.
A native of Green Spring, Va, Mr..
Griffith came here after having been
connected with Kernan's Theater in
Baltimore He was member of the
Modern Woodmen of America, OF
Hiram Lodge of Masons and of Beth
lehem Chapter Of the Order OF the
Eastern Star.
He is survived by two sons, John A.
and H. Ernst Griff1th, both of this
city; sister, Mrs. Henrietta Capper
of Winchester, Va; brother, Newton
Griffith Of this city; II grandchildren
and two great-grandchildren.
Funeral services will be held at
Hyson's funeral parlors, 1900 N street,
tomorrow at pm. Rev. DR.. w. l..
Mayo, rector of Holy Comforter EpiS-
copal Chapel, will officiate. Burial will
be IN Fort Lincoln Cemetery.
Evening star., 1935-12-03
FOUR BANK ROBBERS ESCAPE.
Members of "Irish" O'MalIey Gang
Flee Oklahoma Jail.

Members of "Irish" O'MaIIey Gang
Flee Oklahoma Jail.
MUSKOGEE, Okla, December 3
R).-Four desperate bank robbers, all
convicted in the looting of two
Okemah, Okla, national banks year
ago, escaped from the City, Federal
Jail here today in burst Of gunf1re
that left Chief of Detectives Ben
Bolton critically wounded.
The four, all members Of the Irish
O'Malley gang. fed in Communicated
motor car after shooting their way
out of the jail. They were Dan Heady
Dewey Gilmore, Russell Cooper and
Leonard Short.
A fifth prisoner. who Joined In the
mad dash for freedom, was felled by
a bullet from the gun Of Chief Of Po-
lice Marsh Corgan.
The name of the wounded prisoner
was not ascertained. 1t was believed,
however, he was Don Garrett, under
7-year sentence for violation of the
Mann act.
Heady of Kansas City, Mo-, faced
possible sentences totaling As years
for his part in the two bank robberies
at Okemah.
Gilmore, arrested in Dallas May %,
1885, in the Okemah robbery; Cooper,
arrested at Fort Smith, Ark, and
Short, a Galena, Mo-, wrestling pro-
moter, were convicted in the $4,000
robbery of the Okemah National, one
Of the two looted banks.
Evening star., 1935-12-03
CONVERTS TO MEET
Msgr. Cicognani to oficiate al
Solemn Benediction.

Most Rev. Amleto Giovanni Cicog-
mani. papal delegate. will ofhciate at
solemn benediction following meet
ing of the Convert League of the
Catholic Daughters of America in the
auditorium of st. Roses Technical
School at pm. Sunday.
Msgr. Cicognani will be assisted by
Very Rev. Msgr. Francis E. Hyland of
the apostolic delegation and Msgr
William J. Kerby of Catholic Uni
versity.
In the program preceding the bene-
diction Rev. Edward Roach. chaplain
of Court District of Columbia, will ex-
plain the ceremonies of solemn bene-
diction to guests who are not mem
bers of the Catholic faith. Father
Hyland will extend a welcome in the
preliminary program. Rev. DR.. A. j
Burggraff. spiritual director of the
league, will deliver the principal ad-
dress.
Evening star., 1935-12-03
Becker
Continued From First Page.)


committee makes itself ridiculous be-
fore the county-like Mayor Thomp-
son of Chicago"
From Guy Stanton Ford, history
professor at the University Of Mime
sofa, came this message:
II have known Becker for many
years, and in wartime chose him to
write an account of Americas ideal
institutions for translation and circu-
lation abroad to head off radicalism
and explain our democracy. I recon-
mend his Modern World to all my
students at the University Of Mime
sofa who have not already studied it.
He explains modern Russia just as he
explains the Cars or Louis XIV
without advocation of either deSpotism
or communism. Three thousand his
tory teachers. who chose him for presi-
dent of the American Historical Asso-
citation, will be astounded to hear even
the suggestion of such baseless
charges"
Declared a Liberal"
Two other messages came from the
University of Minnesota. One, signed
by L. B. Shippee, chairman of the de-
partment of history, said:
Becker is not Communist, as any
one would know either from reading
his book or his essay on Marx"
The other. from William Anderson.
frovo
being a Communist. Is an old-faSh-
ioned liberal who has written one of
the most cogent arguments against
MARKHAM doctrines now available"
G. G. Andrews, professor of history
at the University Of Iowa, said:
Becker is not Communist, but
thorough believer in those great
American principles of fair play and
free speech"
Washington will dishonor itself if
it listens to such charges" tele-
graphed Prof. Charles E. Clark, dean
of the Yale Law School. THE
Becker charges are without founda-
ton. He is patriotic American"
Davidson Warns of Ridicule.
A telegram from Eugene Davidson,
editor of the Yale University Press,
read:
IT strongly urge you not to make
a laughing stock of your educational
system in confirming these charges"
Other messages, similar In charac-
ter, came from Henry c. Bourne,
editor Of the American Historical
Review; Sidney B. Fay, professor Of
history at Harvard; F. H. Holder.
head OF the history department of the
University Of Kansas; w. T. Root,
head of the history department OF
the University of Iowa, and a group
of history teachers at Smith College.
Becker's history, as well as other
history text books used in public
schools, are expected to be discussed
at meeting of the District Public
School Association in the District
Building tomorrow at pm.
Evening star., 1935-12-03

coming to Wash
ington from Bal
tinore for its
opening and
a T t e rward was
superintendent of
the old Chase'S
Theater and lat
er of Keith'S. His
active association
with local thea
ters had taken
him from 1880 to
1911, in the days
in which plays
on the Legitimate
S t age were In
khal~ ~11rr Ha
Evening star., 1935-12-03
Prison
Continued From First Page.)

ga used by guards and police in cap
turing them.
Later Edward c. r. Bagley, deputy
State commissioner Of corrections,
listed five prisoners as participants.
They were:
Philip Red" Naples, 80, Of Wor-
cester, who was committed to the
prison last month for a term of s-16
to 20 years. Naples, Bagley said, was
killed about 100 yards outside the
prison gate by guards armed with
Submachine guns.
William McManus, 27, of Boston,
serving q to "a years for robbery.
Seriously wounded.
Frank Joyce, 81. Of the Roxbury
district, Boston, suffering from gas.
Edward McArdle and Charles
OBrien, addresses and records not
Immediately available.
Evening star., 1935-12-03
Wall Colors Aid Cooks.

DENVER, Colo. R.-L. D. Myers
told the Western States Council Of
Master Painters and Decorators a
cock cannot put together good meal
if the kitchen is finished in colors that
clash" On the other hand, II the
kitchen is well decorated and the food
excellent, he said unharmonious din
ing room wallpaper might ruin the
meal.
Evening star., 1935-12-03
LABOR PARLEY PLANNED
Miss Perkins Asks Cabinet to
Conference,

Secretary Perkins has invited the
cabinet to meet with her December IL
to discuss accident and occupational
disease prevention in the Federal
service.
1.-The Federal Government has been
criticized 3. times by private industry
with the contention that 1t has Jagged
behind In the amount of attention
given this problem as it pertains to
its own employees" the Labor Depart
ment chief said in a statement ac-
companying the invitations.
Evening star., 1935-12-03
John B. GRIFFITH
D|ESAT HIS HOME
Widely Known Theatrical
Manager to Be Buried
Here Tomorrow.

John 3. Grif1th, 49,. widely known
in theatrical circles in which he was
active here for many years, died yes
terday at his home, 412 Tenth street,
after a long illness.
Mr.. Griffith had been superintend-
ent Of the old Kernan's Theater here,
Evening star., 1935-12-03
Harness.Maker Quits.

WAUKESHA, Wis. (P.-After so
years as harness maker Edward
Brown, 10, gave up when he reflected
that he hadn't made a complete
harness in the last decade. Fellows
like us aren't needed any more,
guess" he said and closed his shop.
Evening star., 1935-12-03
If You Suffer With
kidneV Trouble

You can restore kidneys to normal func.
tioning BY following the health resort
method at home. Drink Mountain Valley
Mineral Water direct from famous Hot
Springs, Arkansas. Endorsed by ply ysicisns
for over 80 years. Phone for booklet.
Mountain Valley Mineral Water
MET. 1862. 1405 X st. NV.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1935-10-11
Weddings
Large Attendance
 At Odd Exhibit

Many guests were in attendanee at the Tercentenary Exhibition con- ducted by the Ladies' Aid society of the Third Congregational church at the parish hall yesterday. Quiltd featured the exhibit with many beautiful shaded coverings blended together in colorful arrangement. Quilts old and new were among the collection. A chair over 300 years old was also one of the outstanding points of the exhibit and among other articles displayed were rope bed, china, linens and bric-bracs. ss,
 During the afternoon and evening refreshments were served and card playing was enjoyed. a3
 The general chairman of the ais fair was Mrs. Herman Valentiney who was assisted by Mrs. B. w Erk, Mrs. George Callan, Mrs. George Meuller and Mrs. Seth Moulthrop, Mrs. Robert Gardner Mrs. Edward Farquarson, Mrs Hafs old L. Fogg and. Mrs. Gilbert Hen> derson. Mattresses included: Shir@ ley Geghan, Jane Mackie, Laura Chipman and Edith and Bertha KrugeliS. tsa
 Mrs. George Erk, Mrs. Herman Valentine, Mrs. George Meuller and Mrs. George Callan, attired in col. onial costume poured. F
The Waterbury Democrat., 1935-10-11
Weddings
BYRNES-PARKS

BYKNES-FA14kS
 The marriage of Miss Virginia Louise Parks, daughter of Mrs. Earl Parks of Arch street and Francis V. Byrnes of Cole street took place this morning at o'clock at the rectory of the Immaculate Conception church. Rev. Francis O'Shea off, ciated at the ceremony. Miss Helen Murphy was the only attendant of the bride and James Carroll was tie best man.
 The bride wore blue swagger suit with gray wolf collar and she wore navy blue accessories and a corsage of gardenias and lilies of the valley. The maid of honor wore brown and white frock with brown accessories and wore a corsage of SWeeCIeaTt roses. sr
 Upon returning from an unan-i nounced wedding trip, the couple will take up their residence at 85 Idylwod avenue. fp,
 The bride is 8 graduate of Wilby High school and has been associated with the Waterbury Trust Company and the bridegroom is graduate Of Crosby High school and is affiliated with the Scovill Manufacturing Company.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1935-10-11
Quota Club SupperMeeting Held; ActiUities Planned

many innovations have been brought to Cairo by the English who make the place resort and also the innovations to Palestine by the German Jews.
 Following the supper reports were given by the following committee chairman: Miss Catherine Williams, legislative reporting on the exper- mental juvenile courts which have been established in Windham and Fairfield Counties, Anna Alexander of the ways and means committee reporting of the charity bazaar which is to be given at Elks Hall on November l4th.
 The following booth chairmen were appointed for the bazaar: food, Harriet Gregory; novelty and fancy work, Mrs. Mae Birt; ice cream and candy, Catherine Burns; flowers, Edith Dean; linen, Grace Wolfe and cards, Nellie Hayden. Fortune telling and horoscope read- ing will also be a feature. Tickets may be used at the booths by those who are not interested in card play ing.
 The general committee for the affair is headed by Anna Alexan- der assisted by Leila Cotter, Mary Hennessey, Catherine Williams, Dora Egan, Edna Weber, Mae Birt, Catherine Fenton, and Mary Riley.
 Announcements were made of the following future meetings: On Sat urady, October 18th the Allingtown Quota Club will celebrate their 18th birthday party. All Quota Clubs are invited to attend.
 On October 24th the regular meet ing of the Waterbury Quota Club will be held in the form of an out door supper meeting in Middlebury Miss Irene Dillane has been ap- pointed chairman of the transpor- tation committee.
 The Torrington Quota Club will hold charter party on October 26th at Conley Inn. It is expected that the entire membership of the Waterbury Quota Club will attend.
 Those present at last evenings meeting were: Mae Birt, Anna Alexander, Lena Meo, Julia Tullar, Julia Cotter, Jane O'Neill, Alice Bradley. Grace Wolfe, Irene Dillane Mary Hennessey. Mildred Koval, Katherine Williams and Edna Web- err