davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Montana labor news., 1934-08-23
Germans Recall linden
burg-Hitler Clashes

BERLIN. -(TIS)- "There is no
German Republic, no constitution and
no government. There is only one
tyrant; Hitler" This is the general
consensus of opinion amongst the
German working masses, who have
taken the news of President linden
burg's death with complete equani-
nifty.
But even among other groups the
view is cautiously expressed that the
Hitler Government has again torn to
pieces the last few remainings shreds
of the constitution. 1t seems that gov
eminent circles are completely aware
of these critical whispers. They are
therefore trying to divert public
opinion from the illegal accession Of
Hitler to the Presidency by swapping
the press with an amending stream Of
Hindenburg and other war reminis-
cences.
Hitler's loud-voiced claim that he
lost in Hindenburg "A fatherly friend
is completely discounted in circles
which are well-informed OF the con
flicts raging within the Reich
hierarchy. Frequent clashes between
the President and Hitler are recalled
and it is openly rumored that such
heated clash even occurred only a few
days before the Presidents death. The
occasion is said to have been the ap.
pointment Of Vice-C Chancellor vor
Papen, Hindenburg's trusted go-be-
tween, as German ambassador to vi
emma, which was announced by the
Chancellor without consulting the
President. Hindenburg is said to have
strongly resented this violation Of the
prerogatives of his office and to have
taken the Chancellor to task, bui
without any success.
The report, which has not been de-
MED officially, confirms only thai
President Won Hindenburg had long
ceased to exercise actual governmental
powers.
Montana labor news., 1934-08-23
Alphabetical Tangle--
FTC VS.. NRA--
May Bring Results

WASHINGTON.-(FP)-N RIA has
been placed on the spot in a case
which threatens to cause a showdown
between two governmental divisions
NRA and the Federal Trade Commits
sion.
This, observers believe, is the signif-
icance behind the NRA-rubber com
panies case which has been brought
before the trade commission for rul-
ing.
MIRA has been conducting hearings
against alleged code violations by three
rubber footwear manufacturing COM
panies to force them to abide by the
price-fixing provisions in the code.
The companies have retaliated by en-
tering a counterp1aint with the trade
commission charging that NRA is
fostering monopoly by limiting com
petition and thus wiping III the an
ti-monopoly laws.
The commission must rule whether
NRA has the power to enforce the
price-fixing provisions it has created ;
and whether the Gods is illegal be-
cause it has brought about monopolis-
tic oppression Of small business.
Close observers see the situation as
follows A government agency set up
to preserve competition by enforcing
antitrust laws has been faced with
the necessity of passing judgment
upon a second federal division set up
to limit competition
New Deal critics have pointed out
this contradiction for some time. They
disagree with Administrator Johnson's
contention that it is possible for the
NRA to find a middle ground between
monopoly and unrestrained competi-
ton.
If the NRA wins this case, they feel,
it means the end Of antitrust law en-
forcement-and OF the Federal Trade
Commission.
Montana labor news., 1934-08-23
European Employers Block 4O-Hom Week
To Provide Work For The JObIess

chasing power Of the population. In
such circumstances II may wonder
what would be the use Of the proposed
measure.
Arguments in Favor of 4O-Hour Week.
The workers case was presented by
speakers from several countries,
briefly as follows: Employers of labor
have failed to recognize the evolution
which has taken place in every indus
try. In 1919 at Washington, when
the employers were confronted with
limitation of hours, the declarations
made by them were exactly in the
same spirit as they are today. The
argument employers raise as to the
increase in costings is an old one.
81 can refer you" said the French
Trade Union delegate, ito figures re-
lating to my own country which have
been prepared by employers organiza-
tons. They show that in the blast
furnaces and foundries wages repre-
sent Is per cent Of costs, and that a
reduction OF hours to forty would
mean an increase in cost of only Sic
per cent. Take the figures from the
French meallurgucal industry G74 I'M
dertakings) which show that between
June, 1882, and July, 1888, there was an
increase of % per cent in production
but only a reduction Of OS per cent in
labor strength"
Labor Is Always Condemned.
Arthur Hayday's final words are
worth repeating, when he said: "The
workers, whether they beg, plead, OF
demand, are condemned. If we plead
we are told we are weakened and
have no case. If we appeal, we are
told that the power Of our organization
is not strong enough to enforce the
appeal. IF we demand, then we are
told that it is against all constitutions
methods. But there is bound to be an
end to this insistent demand, and my
final words here are that failure al
Geneva will only intensity the strug-
Bie, particularly III ofedt Dfihdih.
Numbers Prevail Against Reason.
| have been sitting in this Commit
tee for the past 10 days, with sixteer
other Labour representatives from var
ious Nationals, striving to get
scheme worthy Of acceptance to dea
with the evils Of unemployment. Ny
experience has been that we have tc
struggle against numbers rather thar
reasons. The employers and govern
ment delegates generally combined t.
outvote us in our efforts to get EN-.
bodied many Of the principles Of oui
Unemployment Act established. W.
have to find consolation in the fac
that if our Draft is accepted it will BE-
a beginning of national responsibility
for unemployment in a number o.
countries"
Montana labor news., 1934-08-23
Railroads Must Pay
Pension the Fund,
United States Orders

WASHINGTON IT. (FP) ALI class
I railroads must pay the U. S. Treas
ury l-l0th of l per cent Of their pay
rolls for July to begin the railroad
pension fund, according to an order
of the Railroad Retirement Board.
The order was made possible when
the railroads were defeated in an at
tempt to obtain an injunction against
operation Of the railroad pension act
until its constitutionality is deter
mined. The railroads had pleaded
that the act violated the commerce
clause and the fifth amendment. Their
counsel argued that the railroads
would be "irreparably injured" by or
ders from the retirement board de-
handing funds to begin administration
of the law.
The case was defeated when the
judge ruled that the companies had
failed to show hat "irreparable in
jury" would result.
A hearing on the constitutionality
of the act will be held in September.
The first installment of assessments
under the law is due November /
Under terms of the act, employees
must contribute 2 per cent of their
salaries and the companies 4 per cent
of their total payrolls.
This assessment, asked for admin
istrative purposes, amounts to about
$125. 900,
Montana labor news., 1934-08-23
Jobless Insurance
Cheap and Needed,
Miss Perkins Says

WASHINGTON.-(FP)-Th U. S.
has spent more for relief than have
nations with unemployment insurance.
Secretary of Labor Frances Perkins
explained this situation in a recent
radio address in which she outlined the
work of the Committee on Economic
Security of which she is chairman.
She stressed the necessity for social
insurance, while admitting that a com
plete program would not be possible
at the coming session Of Congress.
"The net total income Of our people
is still at a very low point" she said.
Unemployment is not the only
source Of difficulty from which the
wage Garner must get social protec-
ton, Miss Perkins pointed out. In
prosperous periods, $4,000 workers an
nually are killed accidentally in in
dustry; 10000 suffer permanent in
juries and nearly 100000 some tenn
porary disability. Non-industrial &C
cidents cause three times as many
deaths and also far more minor in
%juries,' she asserted.
Though some 100000 people are
at present dependent upon relief, ac-
cording to the labor secretary, there
are many o millions whose suf-
ferings are often greater than those Of
the people on relief"
The best hope of caring for the vic
Tins of society, she declared, is in the
application of the principles Of social
insurance.
Montana labor news., 1934-08-23

Editors Note.-W. R. Townley, Cen
eral President of the National Union
of Boot and Shoe Operatives of Great
Britain, was one of the Labor repre-
sentatives to the recent International
Labor Conference at Geneva, which
included in its agenda the shorter
work week as a method of providing
jobs for the unemployed in every ma
ton affiliated with the League of Ma
tions. The following excerpt from Mr..
Townley's report 10 his own organiza-
ton emphatically points out the sub
versive attitude taken on shorter hours
by most employers whose Govern
ments are represented in the Interna-
tional Conference.
Montana labor news., 1934-08-23
WORLD SOCIETY
NOW POSSIBLE

Historic forces have so changed the
culture pattern of the age as to make
possible a world society. The full rea-
lization Of this momentous step de-
ponds, however, upon the conscious
purpose and the iron determination
Of men.
A world community will not come
of itself, any more than the wheat in
the fields will make bread of itself. The
forces OF nature provide the wheat.
Human beings must make the bread.
Historic forces provide the opportu-
mites for a world culture pattern. HUI
man beings must plan and organize
the world community.
All human beings can not and will
not participate in this effort. Indeed,
those who have vested interests in the
present social order will vigorously OPP
pose it. The movement for a world
community has been initiated and is
being carried forward by two groups
OF people First, the young, the Wig
orous, the imaginative( especially Gre
alive artists and scientists), many Of
whom are eagerly devoting their lives
to this task and second, by the masses
of exploited men and women who are
learning through bitter experience that
the present social order cannot pro-
vide them with peace, bread and free
dom. The artists and scientists guide
the movement. The masses provide it
with the requisite human energy.
Even among those qualified to lead
and those driven by capitalist decline
to find some means of re-establishing
their standard of life, all cannot be
counted upon. The old, the tired and
the dis-illusioned will continue to
grumble, to day-dream and to wait
for joy hereafter. Their faith is dead.
Their life lies in the past, or in the
future. They cannot live in the pres
ent, or work for a present that meas
ures up to their desires.
During periods of culture stagna-
ton, the vested interests of the estab-
lished order hold so vast a preponder-
ance Of power, that it is virtually i'm
possible to effect a major change in
the culture pattern.
The present, a period OF rapid cul-
ture change, contains all of the posi-
bilities of a culture mutation The po-
sition Of the vested interests has been
rendered so insecure that in one
country after another in the years
from 1905 to 1884, they were brought
to the verge of disaster or else thrust
over the precipice by social revolution.
The opponents OF a transition from
nationalism to worldism no longer hold
a comfortable balance of power. Their
position is precarious in the extreme.
The forces OF technical advance are in
the main against them. The collapse
of their much advertised system of pri-
vate profiteering has discredited them
with the masses.
Among those working for a world
society there is sufficient organizing
imagination, sufficient science and
daring, and sufficient mass support to
make possible the transition. The
time is ripe for a supreme and co-or-
dinated effort on the part OF these
forces to throw aside the wreckage OF
the decaying culture pattern, and lift
the race to a new culture level-the
level OF a cooperating world.
Montana labor news., 1934-08-23
CONFERENCE TO BE HELD in NEAR
FUTURE WITH ANACONDA OFFICIALS
Crafts Have Not Taken Final
Action Regarding Proposals.

Due to the fact that a full report
from the craft organizations regarding
the proposed agreement has not been
made there has been little progras
made toward the settlement Of the
present strike. The Great Falls Crafts
voted 1918 to accept the agreements
presented them through their Interna-
tional organization. These 100 votes
we're from IS organizations. Only Is
per cent OF those voting are on strike
Eighty-five per cent Of those who
voted are not on strike.
Full returns are not in from the
Butte crafts though nearly all of them
have taken a vote. A poll Of the vote
cannot be made until all returns are in.
Due to some misunderstanding or mis-
carriage of plans, the Anaconda
crafts have not yet voted on the pro-
posals given them. The returns were
to be in on Wednesday but the report
was made to the Conference Commit
tee that these crafts had not yet taken
their vote. A meeting to clarity mat
tiers will be held on Thursday morn
ing.
Due to the fact that the Interna-
tional Union Of Mine, Mill and Smelter
Workers decided to withhold negotia-
tons until the crafts had made a final
report there was little that this group
could do.
The Conference Committee voted, at
the close of its last meeting to notify
the government mediators that they, as
a conference committee, would be will
ing to meet with the officials Of the
Anaconda Company at any time such
a meeting can be arranged. This
meeting will be for the purpose OF
further negotiating terms of settle
ment with the Company. AS we go
to press there has been no notice given
OF a time and place for the next meet
ing.
Montana labor news., 1934-08-23
Preparations for Un-
employment Rise
Under Way

BERLIN. (TIS)- Mass dismissals
resulting from the increasing want of
raw materials, have until now only
been avoided by the use OF the most
drastic threats and official pressure,
report several workers correspondents.
This is, however, only temporary and
can not head off the coming large in
crease in unemployment for which the
government is evidently preparing.
Official preparations already provide
for the automatic transfer of all dis
missed young workers to the labor
service camps where they receive food,
lodging and Is Pfennig daily. The
confinement to camps shall also serve
to forestall the concentration of I'M
employed elements in the larger cities.
Official circles rightly fear that they
may easily become the centers of
public discomfort and revolutionary
plans.
Reports show at the same time that
the dues paid by the workers to the
Nazi co-ordinated trade unions and
other labor organizations, are steadily
falling. This has been especially no
ticeable during the last two months
as shown by a circular letter of the
Union OF Public Employees sent to all
local offices throughout Germany.
This letter orders strict control and
energetic measures against all sup
posedly in arrears with their dues pay
ments. A special investigation of all
locals has also been ordered, undoubt-
eddy in view OF the many graft and
corruption cases since the conquest Of
power by the Nazis.
Montana labor news., 1934-08-23
U. S. Plans Cheap Va
cations For Workers

W~ASHINGTON.-(FP)-Th gov
eminent is going to spend $5,OOO,00O so
that workers can enjoy cheaper and
better vacations.
The Federal Surplus Relief Corpora
ton will spend that much money in a
huge and-purchasing program, accord
ing to an announcement of the Ma
tional Park Service. Calling for pur-
chases near large industrial c~enters,
this program will withdraw poor land
from farming uses and will provide
%recreational centers for workers.
Federal agents are now inspecting
land in at least IS states to determine
which sites would be cheapest and
most satisfactory for their dual pur-
pose. Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa,
Kentucky. Maine, Massachusetts,
Minnesota, Missouri, New Hampshire,
North Dakota, Oklahoma, Pennsyl-
vania, South Carolina and Virginia
have been mentioned in connection
with prospective purchases.
Montana labor news., 1934-08-23
Alabama Labor to
Press For Legislation

BIRMINGHAM, Ala.-(FP)-T h e
Alabama Federation of Labor will
urge the next session Of the Alabama
legislature to adopt a state law SINH
lar to the MIRA, according to w. o.
Hare, secretary.
He has outlined a complete legisla-
tive program for organized labor in
the state, including enactment of an
old age pension bill, an unemployment
insurance act, a new workmen's COM
pension law, and ratification of the
federal child labor amendment.
There are $4,000 members of trade
unions in the state, as compared with
$4,000 two years ago. The number OF
members will reach 100000 within the
next few months, it is predicted.
Montana labor news., 1934-08-23
PLAN PERMANENT
NRA SETUP

NRA
will be recognized on a permanent
basis on plans being drawn up by Ad-
ministrator Johnson and Donlld Rich
berg, executive director, National
Emergency Council.
The new plan would put a board in
charge of the MIRA, with an admins
traitor responsible to it for carrying
out its decisions. Code supervision
would be the main function of the new
setup. The Blue Eagle would be re-
tanned as a sign of compliance, but
jurisdiction of all labor disputes would
be in the hands of the National Rela-
tons Board and the Department of
Labor.
Montana labor news., 1934-08-23
BY w. r. TOWNLEY
General President National Union of
Boot and Shoe Operatives.

The first question, and the one
which attracted most attention, was
that of the reduction Of hours Of work.
The interest which it aroused through
out the world has certainly not de-
creased since the time when it was
first reviewed. As a possibility Of ar
irving at a Convention for a 4C-hour
working week, extensive preparatory
work had been carried out in collect
ing evidence and data to assist the
Conference in arriving at positive con-
illusions.
Arguments Against 40-Hour Week.
The opening discussion on this
question, before reaching the Commit
tee stage, revealed the strong opposi-
ton of several of the employers dele
gates to such a change in the reduc-
ing working hours.
The main points presented by then
can be summarized as follows They
had very strong doubts as to its rem
edy for the improvement of employ
ment. There was the fear that GER
tain industries might experience fl
n~ancial difficulties and even be
obliged to close down, owing to the
inevitable increase in cost of produc-
ton. Other industries will suffer from
a similar demand, and the measure
would thus create unemployment
There was also the increase in the cos
of production. This increase will be
greater if the weekly earnings are
maintained and would seriously af.
feet selling prices, even in the mos
favorable cases, if the hourly wages
remained unchanged. The increased
cost of production will lead to further
naturalization and mechanization tC
satisfy the demand at a cost price a.
low as possible by avoiding costly la
Dor. No case had been proved that il
would have a good economic effect by
increasing earnings and the total pur-
Montana labor news., 1934-08-23
O LABOR
WIN PRIMARIES

Reports from the Couer d'Alene
district, OF Idaho ehe.y tsat Labor
made a sweeping victory in the pri-
ma les a week ago. Labor had candi-
dates for each office in the district,
candidates who were drafted by Labor
for these positions. The set-up was
practically the same as that in Silver
Bow County during the last primary
election but the results were more
successful. Labor succeeded in nomi-
mating every candidate with the ex-
ception of one. Labor in this district
is to be complimented on the solidar-
ity it showed at the polls and Butte
Labor wishes the Idaho brothers as
sweeping a success in the final cleo
tons in November.
Montana labor news., 1934-08-23
Mass Purchases Illus
trate Initiation Fears

BERLIN.-(TIS)-The fear OF the
German people Of a new currency in
flation is gradually spreading, and has
already led to mass purchases of all
kinds of articles and Injuries, such as
were only known during the dark in
flationary days of 1923. In order to
preserve their prosperity, well-to-do
people are taking refuge in the pur-
chase of clothing, silver and gold ar
%ticles, furniture, etc. The new trend
is illustrated by the alarming rise Of
diamond and jewelry prices, which are
approximately Is per cent higher than
those abroad. Platinum and other
known iron precious metals are also
far in excess of the official world
market prices.
Montana labor news., 1934-08-23
SOME SCABS STAY
ON WATERFRONT

TACOMA, Wash.-(FP)-Not all the
scabs were cleaned out of the water
front when the union longshoremen
went back to work, according to Ia
coma labor men. The shipping com
panies have ruled that men hired after
the strike began three months ago
were scabs and were fired, but that
men employed before that time and
who refused to strike with the union
lists are not scabs and will not be fired.
The union is taking up this import
ant issue which may lead to new dis
putes.
Montana labor news., 1934-08-23
Labor Board Gets the
Denver Streetcar Case

DENVER II FP)-Hearings before
the Regional Labor Board on the case
of five men discharged by the Denver
Tramway Corporation are being close
ly followed by Denver labor. The case
is regarded as one of the first tests of
the power OF the National Labor Re-
lations Board.
Union officials claim that the men
were discharged for union activity in
violation of Section IA Of the MIRA.
Company officials contend that the
men were discharged because the
paintshop in which they worked was
greatly overstaffed and that the case
has nothing to do with the NRA.
Montana labor news., 1934-08-23
Nazi Camp Guards Replaced By
Picked Hitler Men

HANNOVER-CTIS)-On top of
the precipitated flight abroad OF the
Nazi storm troop leader, Schaefer,
former commandant Of the c%oncentra-
ton camp O~ranienburg, comes the Of
ficially confirmed report that all S. A
guards have been withdrawn from the
camp. They have been replaced by
members Of the picked blackburn
formed S. S. formations. 1t is openly
conceded that the S. A. men are no
longer to be trusted, especially in a
camp which serves as prison for thou
sands Of their own party comrades
Observers Of the fast proceeding de-
cay of German governmental author
ity expect to see soon the replace
ment OF the new s.. S. guards by po-
lice and other military state forma-
tions.
Montana labor news., 1934-08-23

are
only seven million jobless and indus
try has done very well to put one mil
lion to work in IS months, the U. 5,
Chamber OF Commerce whimpers. In
10 years more, it intimates, all will be
well-if folks car live through a Is
year depression.
Montana labor news., 1934-08-23

NEW YORK.-(FP)-A request for
a conference with the National Dress
Manufacturers Association to discuss
introducing unemployment insurance
in the dress industry has been made
by the International Ladies Garment
Workers Union.
Montana labor news., 1934-08-23

The American standard of
living must be maintained
in order that American in
stitutions may not be sub
ject to perils of discomfort.