davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1934-04-12
LITTER OF 20 PIGS

Nine Fed by Bottle Because Of
Big Brood.
FALLS CITY, Nebr. R.-There's
q Chester white SOW on the farm Of
Sam Oberst, near here. that has little
respect for the administrations hog
reduction campaign.
It recently gave birth to q litter Of
20 pigs, Of which 10 survived.
Nine Of the pigs are being fed by
bottle, due to the mothers inability
to supply more than 10 with food.
Evening star., 1934-04-12
New Gibraltar 1unnel Plan,

Boring through the strata under the
Straits Of Gibraltar win not be dim
cult, according to engineers who are
studying the new Gibraltar tunnel
Evening star., 1934-04-12
RUBBISH BURNING
DECLARED MENACE
Benning Citizens Associa.
ton Demands Reopening
of lncinerator.

Reopening Of the Anacostia In
cinerator was demanded last night by
members Of the Benning Citizens As
sociation, who said the burning Of
rubbish on the dump In their neigh
borhood is endangering both their
health and their property.
Leader of the attack on the Ben
ming dump was r. j. Hickman, who
charged that his home once was
nearly set afire" by sparks from the
burning refuse.
States Gale Was Blowing.
although I understand employees
Of the dump are not supposed to burn
rubbish when the wind Is blowing
harder than 20 miles an hour" he
said, "on this particular occasion
there was Q gale Of from 48 to 81
miles an hour. I know, because ]
called up the Weather Bureau and
found out.
PLANES from the dump were
threatening my house, and I turned
In q fire alarm. The hremen had
great difnculty. however, due to the
Evening star., 1934-04-12

Polo Played on Camels.
Polo played from the backs Of CAM
els produced lot Of laughs at gym
] khana In Egypt.
Evening star., 1934-08-06
Invitations
BY EMILY POST.

DEAR Mrs. Post: While looking at
samples of wedding announce
mentS / noticed one which I thought
rather different and attractive, but be-
fore ordering I must have your opin-
ion, because convention seems to be
so iron-bound with respect to wedding
stationery. This announcement I like
is very small, about four by five
inches, and goes into single envelope
without folding. On the first page it
had three wedding bells engraved with
StreamerS, and then on the inside the
announcement was engraved in the
usual wording. 1t was, oh, SO sweet"
Answer-I am sure 1t is sweet, my
dear, and am sorry to be unfeeling,
but wedding invitations are conven-
tional to the utmost degree of cere-
monial exaction. Much as I would
like to say, Have what you like" I
cannot say it truthfully unless none
of your friends is likely to consider
them bad form. or unless you don't
care if they do.
Dear Mrs. Post: I am a widow with
three half-grown children, all of us
living with my mother. Family friends
sent mother an invitation to the we'd
ding of their daughter, and added
and family to mothers name on the
envelope. Does this include the chill
dren and me, as well as my unmarried
sister and brother, living at home?"
Answer-It would definitely include
all of the family who live under her
roof, and il would also properly include
any Of her children and their wives
or husbands who might be visiting
her.
Dear Mrs. Post: My mother and
father have been separated for some
years, but they are not divorced. Now
that am planning to be married.
who sends out the announcements? I
am friendly with both of them and
they are not legally parted, you know"
Answer-If they are not legally sep
arated. the announcements could 60
out in their joint names If this is
offensive to either of them, then the
announcements are sent in the name
of your mother.
Dear Mrs. Post: What is the most
time granted us to accept or regret
wedding reception invitation? Friends
of mine say. How could you be so
rude?' because I waited until three
or four days before the reception to
mail my answer. In this instance, I
couldn't answer sooner, but I'd like
to know for future occasions"
AnSwer-While promptnesS is always
more polite, the reasons you give GER
tainly excuse your lsteness in answer
ing such an impersonal type Of in
vstation.
(CopyriEht. lQ34l
Evening star., 1934-08-06
The Hold-up.

~ NE of the most important
playing tactics of bridge is
the hold-up. Whether Jesse
~ James defense or Legs"
Diamond declarer uses it..
the play is the same; refusal to
take trick which you could take.
The purposes behind these refusals.
however, as exercised by the declarer
and the defense are as diametrically
opposed as the methods of highway
robbers and modern gangSters.
The declarer holds up his stopper
In the suit led in an effort to blank
one Of his opponents in that suit. His
opponent "duckS" the trick to insure
g return of the suit.
Because the hold-up attempts to
prevent the establishment Of an op-
ponent's long suit, its use is far more
common in no-trump contracts. This
does not mean, however, that it loses
its effectiveness when used during
the play of a suit contract. Many
a contract which went down to
ignominous defeat could have been
made had the declarer held I'D an
ace for one round. Most of you have
probably mastered the technique Of
the hold-up in no-trump play, which
is usually very simple, If your stopper
in the suit led happens TO be an ace.
You hold up the act until it is forced
out. This method of playing is dis
hstrous, however, if suit shift would
endanger your contract even more,
For example, take todays hand:
Evening star., 1934-08-06

West managed to become the de-
clarer at three no trumps, having
been unable to force East TO bid the
no trumps. North opened a small
diamond: South played the king. and
was permitted to hold the trick. If
South now shifts TO the ten of spades
the contract must be defeated-North
and South taking three spades, club
and a diamond. Knowing nothing
about the diamond or the spade dis
tribution, however, South returned
the jack of diamonds. West must
win this trick.
Counting six diamonds in his own
hand and dummy'S, West knows by
this time that the outstanding dia-
monds are either divided flve-two
or four-three. He also knows that
spade switch will ruin him. If
North holds FIVE diamonds. and he
holds up his ace for one more round.
South viii now switch to spades Even
with this switch. West still has a
chance to make the contract. II the
club flneSSe stands up Why rest
your contract on the somewhat doubt
full success OF a fineSSe, however?
West can afford to lose three dia-
mondS and a club Let him win the
second trick and take the club
Evening star., 1934-08-06
Nature
Children
EY LILLIAN cox ATHEY.
Avocet.
Recurvirostra Americana.

" 7 WOULD seem that We copied the
idea of silt walking from the
avocets or their close kin II you
important asset was in earning
his living, I am sure he would be
puzzled as to which was most vital TO
him. his legs or his upcurved bill.
Possibly this strangely equipped
wader would realize that both were
indispensable to him in plying his
, trade
Seeking ponds and shallow bodies
Of water. where the muddy bottoms
are teeming with lively creatures that
he is especially fond of. the avocet
stalks along on his stiltlike legs over
bristly grass stems. These sharp.
spearlike growths, TO be found sur
rounding such marshy places, have
no terror for him. Watch how delib-
erstely he lifts his web feet, as he
picks his way through the tall grass
to the shallow water.
As you see him standing in mid
pond. you may think he is up to his
knees in water. That is natural
mistake, but those joints that you see
are really his ankles. An avocet can
wade out into water 10 inches deep.
and then he appears to have legs of
proper length for the size of his
body.
Then you will see the silt walker
lower his head Down. down. 1t goes
until the convexed curve Of the bill
Evening star., 1934-08-06
Uncle Ray
From Log to Liner.
Galleys and Gallons.

IT IS rather pleasant to row a
boat-if we do not keep at it toe
long.
There was time when men were
forced to row boats in a way that
was not at all pleasant. They had to
work too long and too hard. Their
boats were galleys and the oars were
pulled by galley slaves"
During the Middle Ages in Europe
for period of thousand years, the
galley was the chief kind of vessel
employed as a "warship." AS a rule
there were two masts and the paweI
of the wind was used, but the rowers
were the mainstay. They worked SC
hard that sometimes they fell under
the strain. Calm days were the worst
for then they had no help from the
sails.
Galleys of the Middle Ages differed
a good deal in size. Some of the
larger ones were more than $50 feet
long, each carrying hundreds of men
The custom in Christian countries
was to make captive Turks and Moors
do the rowing. Mohammedan galleys
on the other hand, had Christian
slaves, SO far as they could be OBJ
tanned.
Sad was the life of the galley slave
Chained to his bench, he had to row
Evening star., 1934-08-06
1t Started
BY JEAN NEWTON.
To Die in Harness.

CENSIBLE or otherwise, It is usually
- the busy mans boast that he viii
die in harness-that is, that he will
pursue his profession or business to
the very end Of his life.
Why should this It'll death do us
part" devotion TO ones occupation be
expressed by phrase which we COM
monty associate with, for example,
horse?
Harness originally meant eomplets
military dress, and so. armor, for
both man and animal. Dying in
armor was Of course considered the
only honorable military death, signify
ing the end met on the field Of battle.
This thought has come down to us
from ancient times. Thus In I Kings,
XXX: And the King Of Israel an
swered and said, speak, let him that
girdeth on the armor not boast him.
self as he that putteth it or" And in
II Maccabees, xv.28, "Nicanor lay
dead in his harness." Shakespeare,
too, employees the line in Macbeth In
this same original sense, "At least we
die with our harness on our back"
Evening star., 1934-08-06


Just how often pride pnch virtue only
tell certain is that it is the sense
Of shame and not craving for that keeps many man
shining lights in their communities
IT is pride trembling coward
him swell out his chest and into battle and win
hsT0 medal ed m .s 6 p,ae sn a keeps % o m1e A5 P d @ o 6as
wives through the
family skeleton rattle its bones in the divorce court
1t is pride that gives us the courage
cannot ptied pride that to
Nil not ADMIT that We are beaten It is pride the
heseas Of the mighty that is at the bottom of all
ambition.
ND there pride people will die The pride
backbone of character AS
the world -respe ourselves the fsces
pride beaten We Lie down and take It,
the right Of pride and stay the wrong ons
women and keeps
things they might do and in which they would
find success and happiness
WE this illustrated every people live beyond
W their and who always and torn with
about where the meal coming from but who must keep
because their pride will not permit them to say frankly that they are
and cannot afford es to keep with people better of
than they are
And it is false pride that responsible for half the failures
world Men whom Nature designed for carpenters brckayes
following their and
money thing proud
preachers nobody will
have the doctors who
GAME girls 1t false pride that keeps thousands of
who born cooks and who get thrill out of pots and
twice much kitchen
makes thousands parasites
along haaons rather than work at
just an ordinary JOB
And 1t is false pride a things
you the and tell that she takes barders for company or
she was bored with society
Evening star., 1934-08-06
Wisdom
BY ANGELO PATRI.

lust how soon does child dis
cover the human weakness in
those in authority over him? 1t de-
pends upon the intelligence Of the
child, the conditions under which he
lives with his elders in school and
at home. The less weakness he en-
counters in his leaders. the longer
he believes them infallible. The longer
he finds them all-wise, the longer
he trusts their Judgment.
But the day comes when the child
learns that this person to whom he
looks for guidance and knowledge can
and does make mistakes. For the first
time he doubts the authority of his
guardian. What Is one to do? Accept
the truth of the child's position. His
teacher or parent or friend has made
a mistake. What of it? 1t is to be
amended as far as possible and taken
as a matter of course. The child will
adjust himself to that attitude with
out much dif1culty. The difficulty
comes when the adult tries to deny
his mistake and to pose as an oracle.
That will not do.
Children respect truth and they
know it when they meet it. If the
teacher says frankly, II don't know" "
and offers whatever belief or faith or
hope he has in place of declaration
of wisdom, the childs trust is strength
Evening star., 1934-08-06

ened. If his father or mother says,
I'm sorry I made such mistake, but
I didn't understand" the child's faith
is increased and his affection deep
ened. He knows he can depend upon
what his parents say and do, because
they are honest about all things con-
cerning him.
There is a difference between being
honest and being Indifferent to chill
dren's difficulties. When a child
brings you a problem that means TAX
ing a bit of trouble, going out of your
way to solve it, and you say, "Oh,
don't know; settle it yourself; I'm not
the fountain of wisdom" you are not
being honest, you are merely lazy.
You are shirking. The child knows
this and your leadership is In doubt
from that day forward.
Children know a great deal more
about us than we like to think. When
they are very young, just beginning to
trot about the house, while their eyes
are still big with the wonder of crea-
ton, they begin to know us, to see us
as we are. They soon learn to speak
at opportune times and to be silent
automatically. They soon know which
member of the family is most ap-
proachable, which most dependable,
which most adamant to appeals. They
pattern their behavior accordingly.
The wisdom of child teaches his
parents. It teaches them humility, for
one cannot be naughty and proud of
himself in the presence of a little
child whose discernment penetrateS to
the hidden core of being. 1t teaches
candor, sincerity and plain dealing.
for one cannot deceive a child who
understands and who speaks his
thought as 1t is born. 1t teaches sim
plicity and the acceptance of simple,
homely things, that make life the de-
lightful adventure it is when we meet
1t squarely.
This growing together is the charm
of family life. This going forward on
the power of the younger generation,
supported by the strength of the past.
is what gives life its finest flavor.
Men and women do not stop growing
on the wedding day. 1t is then that
they begin to grow and the wisdom
of the children is the source of all
their growing.
(Copyrisht, 1934)
Evening star., 1934-08-06
The Old Gardener Says:

Rock gardens, aglow with
bright-colored flowers in the
Spring. usually assume somber
hue in the Autumn, there being
very few rock plants which bloom
at that season. This condition
may be remedied to some extent
by using Fall crocuses. The bulbs
should be ordered now and
planted the moment they arrive,
being set about inches deep.
They will begin to bloom within
a very few weeks, and give much
pleasure. The bulbs are perfectly
hardy and, as a rule, increase
somewhat rapidly. Owing to the
lack of foliage in the Spring, in
conspicuous stakes should be set
beside them so that they will
not be dug up. OF course, it is
not necessary to confine these
Autumn Towering crocuses to
rock gardens. They grow well in
grass lands. but the rockery ac-
commodities them especially
well. They deserve to be used
freely.
(Copyright, 1a34)
Evening star., 1934-08-06
Who Are You?
Romance Of Your Name
BY RUBY HAsIINs ELLIs.

Walter. the ssn ~ Ohio. came into
England with William ne Conqueror.
and afterward settled In Ireland.
Maurize Fitzgerald vas an assistant OF
Richard 6sronzbow IN the conquest Of
Ireland
Gerald n word of Teutonic origin
meaning all-surpaSsing. excellent. Fits
"a the prefix indicating "Son Of" F7ts-
gerald. "the son ot Gerald" The Fits-
geralds we're long seated In Normandy
prior 10 the invasion OF England.
The coat OF arms here shown Ia
ascribed to John Fitzgerald Of Cur
teens, County Waterford. England.
This line is descended from the barons
Of Burnchuroh. There are descend
ants living in Massachusetts and other
sections Of the United States. Lieut.
Col. Edward Thomas Fitzgerald was
living in Massachusetts in 1912. He
served the English Army with distinc-
ton in the great battle Of Waterloo.
fCnpvFfaht. Ip3al
Evening star., 1934-08-06

touches the bottom. At this stage
the wader begins to walk forward.
His head swings from side to side,
much like a mower using his scythe.
The hunter Is raking the bottom for
edible creatures, who scurry madly TO
get out of the way Of this effective
fisherman.
Though this creature is not fit to
eat, and he has been protected by
law, many of them are killed every
year by gunners, because they are
such wonderful targets, as they stand
out in the stream.
In case you wish to identify this
interesting bird, you will find that his
head and neck are a cinnamon-rufous
that his back and tail are white. the
scapulars and primaries are black,
and his under parts are white. The
legs are extremely long, and they are
bare.
Because the avocets seek ponds and
sloughs in which to dwell, not so
many people are acquainted with
them. Their range is rather wide
even now. You can see many of
them in Eastern Oregon, Central Al
berta and Southern Manitoba, south
to Southern California, Central New
Mexico, Northwestern Texas, North
ern Iowa and Central Wisconsin. In
the Winter the avocets seek the
genial climates of Southern Califor-
MIA and Southern Texas to Southern
Guatemala.
In May, during counting time, they
show some unusual antics. The avo-
Get damsel may be seen standing with
look of alertness. The avocet suitor,
who is watching her, may be ready
to charge at her like winged bullet,
and it is up to her to sidestep him.
This seems to be the method of court
ship or one of its interesting phases.
Sometimes the maiden ducks the on
coming male and he goes head over
heels into the grass or water. Some
times he flys into the sky like a
rocket, using his legs as rudders
Then he comes down and treads the
water so gently that, even though he
is in water 5 inches deep, he lifts his
feet SO expertly that hardly a ripple
is seen.
4AAC AACob ID OAA IAAC CdBC VI bAlC
pond or marsh 1t is a depression in
the ground. Here the three or four
pale olive eggs, with chocolate -colored
spots, may be seen.
The avocet does not show the dis
cretion at this time that most birds
do, for he is as noisy as can be.
When you come near his nest, both
he and his wife put on stunts that
are amazing to distract your atten-
ton. Screams, coaxing, scolding
Then the act Of broken legs and
wings. and at last father does a dance
that is very much like the "shimmy'
and lets the wind blow through his
wings to look as II nat member were
useless.
The babies are III my, lovable silt
walkers. Floods taSe an awful toll,
though their parents try to make
RATS OF grass stems and dry leaves
on which their precious infants may
stand and be out of harms way. 1t
is only very short time until the
little fellows may be seen making
their way through the tall grass to
the water, where they stand, ankle
deep. ready to use their own wee,
curved bills to stir up their dinner,
that has been, up to now, safe in the
mud.
tCopyright, 1934)
Evening star., 1934-08-06

and row and row. If he did not do
his part he could expect lash from
the whip of one of the boatSwains.
Often there were three or four men
to handle each long oar. but the work
was hard just the same. The food
was only what was needed to keep the
slaves alive. A days ration might be
no more than a few biscuits and a
dish of porridge, along with water in
which drops of vinegar and oil had
been placed.
We may, in fancy, hear the groans
of the poor fellows when their galley
was sinking after being rammed by
the enemy" but such a doom in
chains may have been no worse than
to live for years in chains until at last
they died from the strain.
GalleyS were used even after the
close of the Middle AgeS-indeed
French convictS we're placed in them
until the French Revolution, but the
Galleons were too bulky for oarsmen
to handle. They were fitted with
many sails. and some were used to
dare the Atlantic Ocean.
Ganeons were sailed by Columbus
and many others who reached the
New World. Some had three maSts
and great number were fitted with
cannons which pointed out of holes
in the sides. They were clumsy veS-
sells, and were rather slow.
In the best record which Columbu:
made on the second of his follj
voyages to the New World. he took &C
DAYS almost six weeks TO cross thc
Atlantic.
For history section Of your scrap
book
If you want the free leafiet, "Ques.
( tions and Answers About Europe.
send a Scent stamped, return en-
velope to me In care Of this news
/ paper. UNCLE RAY.
(Copyright, 1934D
Evening star., 1934-08-06

w YIGGLENOSE was very much
\ A | pleased with himself Yes,
wv sir. he was so. He felt
that now he was even with
Old Jed Thumper, the
big, gray old Rabbit who had made
life so miserable for him almost ever
since he had come to the Old Pasture
to live, and who had threatened to
kill him II he didn't leave. Wigglenose
had led Bowser the Hound straight
to where that cross old Rabbit was
setting among some scattered bram-
bles. Old Jed had been forced to run,
and because he was between Bowser
and Wigglenose IL was his scent that
Bowser followed when Wigglenose had
made a long jump to one side and
so broken his own trail. 1t was a
smart trick perfectly performed and
1t had left Wigglenose free to go home
for the rest he so much needed.
He chuckled to himself all the way
home and after he got there. Per
haps he'll leave me alone after this, /"
thought he. II did that well. GER
tainly did. I'll remember that trick.
~ may COtIlC ia AAoSluA dkdAAls NaS
smart to think OF it II 1 do say so.
Yes, sir, was smart. I don't believe
any Rabbit ever thought of a smarter
trick. I won't tell any one about IT,;
I'll keep it to myself"
How surprised Wigglenose would
have been could he have been told
right then that his father. Peter Rab-
bit, and his mother, too, had used
that very trick more than once, and
so had Old Jed Thumper, for 1t is
an old. old trick in the Rabbit family.
Wigglenose hadn't invented it at all.
Nevertheless he had been smart to
think of it, for he really had thought
of it himself; 1t hadn't been taught
him.
One effect Of It was to give him
greater confidence in himself, and
that was important. He felt quite
equal to taking care of himself. He
had learned lot in very short time,
had Wigglenose, and already he real
lied that the more he knew the better
fitted he was to escape from the many
dangers that are daily part Of a
Rabbits life. And with this growing
COAllldCtlCC CdiLS lllc uColIc W NIdNGl
about more, for he had full share
Of curiosity as became a true son Of
Peter Rabbit. At first he had thought
Of himself only, and his own safety.
Now he began TO be interested IN and
curious about his neighbors. Usually
he left his home bramble-tangle only
late in the afternoon, but now and
then he would take it into his funny
little head to go out during the mid
die of the day. It was on one Of these
trips that he made the acquaintance
Of big family, quite the biggest fam
lily in the Old Pasture.
He was following an old COW path
more or less overgrown with bushes.
Presently he came to a lot of rocks.
They were part of ledge. No bushes
grew on this and the sun beat down
on them so brightly that it made
Wigglenose blink as he peered out
Evening star., 1934-08-06
Baked Onions.

Make white sauce in the follow
ing way: Melt a quarter of a cup
full of butter in a double boiler and
rub into it half cupful of flour. Sea-
son with half teaspoonful of salt
and a little pepper. Now add gradu-
ally one pint of milk and stir until
it is smooth and thickened. Cook
four medium sized onions, first chop
ped, in boiling salted water for five
then drain. Add to the white
sauce. Pour over four sliced hard
cooked eggs in casserole. Sprinkle
the top with fine buttered crumbs and
bake, covered, in a hot oven for
80 minutes. Uncover and continue
the baking until nicely Drowned.