davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1934-02-03

equal to the demand. With heroic
courage and hne intelligence he bore
the brunt of the Tight for ratification
of the Versailles treaty. He was de-
feated, but the fault was not his own.
No other man Of his time or place
could have succeeded where he failed.
Twice he attempted to return to
the position he had graced from 1911
to 1923, but fortune did not favor
his banner. He employed his ex-
perience in another field of public
service - the development Of tho
Omaha World Herald. the progressive
newspaper with which he had been
connected since 1885. His affection for
the Capital he expressed in choosing
a home for his sunset years. Many
Washingtonians will remember him
with love and gratitude.
Evening star., 1934-02-03

three shifts. The candy output by
the first of the new year is expected
to reach not less than 97.650 metric
tons. affording a sufficient supply for
every part of the associated republics
y
Marquis Den0unces
Modern Day Anarchy"
Evening Times, Glasgow.-The Mar
quis of Lothian. speaking at a lunch
con at the National Liberal Club, Lon
don, said that We were suffering from
internal anarchy.
Our problems" he said, ''are in
soluble except in proportion as we
attack the anarchy of the modern
world People say that democracy
is failing. Democracy is not failing
but no democracy can exist under
modern day anarchy"
So long as we lived In an anarchic
world we had to rely upon some form
of ornaments for our security. We
did not want ornaments, but we did
want security.
He hoped that the Disarmament
Conference, which had not been a
great success up to the present. would
before long be followed by an eco
nomic disarmament conference.
Evening star., 1934-02-03
Nation Shocked at Control
OF Prison by Convict Gang

Control Of a great prison, Welfare
Island, by thu convicts sent there for
punishment shocked the Nation when
disclosed by the La Guardia admin
istration in New York City. Result
ing reform is pointed to as justifica-
ton for the overthrow Of Tammany
Hail
1T is Just one more expression
of the greed and lawlessness that
permeate every part of American
life" says the Danbury News-Times.
while the Raleigh Times exclaims:
Chain gangs? Their inmates would
manhandle a fellow who tried to put
over half of what was accomplished
as a matter of course in this-now-
Welfare Island!'" The Times also
suggests that "all this was under the
nose of New York. whose olfactories
are blunted with gasoline, rouge and
French powders!"
The weapons and narcotics found
in the cells of prisoners by the raid
ing party led by Mayor La Guardia's
newly appointed commissioner of cor
rection, Austin H. MacCormick ac-
cording to the Springfield Union,
together with the evidence of un-
speakable vice tolerated. if not
actually encouraged. by the prison
officials and utter lack of discipline
and order seem to have fully war
ranted Commissioner MacCormicks
characterization of the place as the
worst prison in the world While
this situation grew up under and was
a part of the general corruption fos-
tered by the Tommany administration
of the last ten or dozen years. its
results were exactly what might be
expected from the new penological
idea of coddling prisoners and giving
them a voice in prison management
and control. Some milder evidences
of this have recently come to light at
our own model prison colony at Nor
folk, where favored inmates who were
accorded extra privileges attempted to
carry on with a high hand"
Ruling the prison like proconsuls,"
declares the Akron Times-Press, were
the chiefs of two racketeering gangs
of prisoners. These chiefs, with
their valets and henchmen. eXacted
tribute from the other prisoners, sold
them dope brought in by carrier
pigeons, went in and out of Jail on
passes. Their quarters were furnished
with radios, expensive cigars. liquor,
dope and weapons. That was the
Tammany way. The story of this raid
should answer some of the absurd
criticisms hurled at prison reform and
reformers. 1t is often said that prison
reformers are sentimentalists. Com
Evening star., 1934-02-03

in a recent Washington lecture salo
he did. a beautiful birds nest full of
eggs. Nowadays a child in an up-to-
date family should learn to type al
most as soon as he begins to sip to-
mato and prune juices. This very
practical book of typing lessons Is
for children from 6 to 8 years Of age.
"The book assumes that the child has
attended school for at least a half
year or can read f1rst-grade stories" I"
Ted and Polly are any children VINO
are so fortunate as to have a type
writer. BY the aid of this illustrated
primer and, of course, few sugges-
tions from father or mother. they
ought to be able in short time, after
typing rows of stree, tree, tree" car,
car. car" and puppy, puppy, puppy" I"
to write nice brief letters TO uncles,
aunts and consins. as well as grand
f-'-e-s Nd ~r- ------~' -
Evening star., 1934-02-03
Printing Office Expansion

Announcement that plans for the
immediate expansion of the Govern
ment Printing Office are under con-
sideration by the Commission of Fine
Arts brings to mind the fact that more
than forty years ago the same problem
of providing additional space for the
establishment, then seriously cramped
in the original structure, erected in
1856, was being debated in Congress.
The need of a larger equipment was
keenly felt and there was general
agreement in Congress that it should
be met with new building. A GER
tain site, several blocks north, was
proposed and stoutly advocated and
as stoutly opposed. As a consequence
nothing was done for several years,
and meanwhile the great print shop
was growing In output and the condi-
tions were becoming desperately bad.
The stability of the original build
ing was seriously questioned. Finally
decision was reached to build an ad-
dition, virtually replacement struc-
ture, on the same square. That
work was carried out and the old
building was relegated to storage uses,
to which it is now put. But thirty
years ago it was declared by Army
engineers to be safe for storage to only
one fourth of its capacity, and warn
ing marks were painted upon the
wooden posts supporting the floors.
beyond which materials could not be
deposited That is its present con-
dition.
Now an enlargement is advocated,
the square to the east being proposed
for inclusion In the site-presumably
linked with the present establishment
Evening star., 1934-02-03

missioner MacCormick is one Of the
Nations leading penal reformers and
had established a record for makine
over Federal prisons before Mayor
La Guardia called him to New York.
His conduct in this and other affairs
reveals him as anything but senti-
mentalist."
Prepared as many people were for
fireworks when Mayor La Guardia
took office" thinks the Jersey OBJ
server. lit is question whether any
of them expected to find scandalous
state of affairs in the prison colony.
whose designation, Welfare Island
rings out as a hollow mockery"
In what was known as the poll
ticians' ward,'" records the Water
town Daily Times, Commissioner
MacCormick found so prisoners liv-
ing in ease and almost luxury under
the rule of one Joie Rao. gangster,
aided by a board of strategy con-
sisting of other gangsters. Although
the hospital was full only very few
of those there were found to be i'll.
One Ed Cleary, lieutenant Of Joie Rao.
was found living in big. airy room
overlooking the river. protected by
vicious dog who refused to permit
keepers to enter the room. Cleary,
1t was revealed, also maintained 100
homing pigeons in the prison. used
for carrying messages and narcotics.
The favored prisoners resented the
visit of the new commissioner and
his squad Milk bottles and iron bars
were hurled at the party and Mr.
MacCormick narrowly escaped injury.
But he acted effectively and speed
lily. The warden was suspended. The
deputy warden was placed under ar
rest and all the big shot gangsters
who formerly lived in the politicians
ward are now in solitary confinement.
This is simply another example of
what Tammany rule has meant to
New York"
Voicing skepticism as to the cor
rectness of the report of conditions,
the Oakland Tribune concludes, nev-
ertheless, that welfare Island. ironic
name, is due for an investigation con-
Quoted by a mayor who seems de-
termined upon cleaning up the Ma
tion's largest city" The Nashville
Tennessean believes 1t Is likely the
mayor will have some assistance from
the United States Government in
seeking solution, as Federal authori-
ties will investigate possible violation
Of the narcotic laws" and the Co.
lumbia Record is convinced that "the
police. the courts and the prisons
should be entirely divorced from DO
litical influence"
IF conditions at Welfare Island"
remarks the Roanoke Times, were
typical of conditions generally pre-
vailing in New York under Tammany
rule, the worst suspicious OF the
American people have been justified.
Is there any wonder that the citizens
Of the city rose up unitedly in the
last election to defeat the Tammany
candidate and elect La Guardia who
promised them a clean government?
Those citizens who voted forV him are
to be congratulated on the prompt
ness with which he Is beginning his
cleanup"
Evening star., 1934-02-03

" always dSSeTleO Llldt AuSCl Id .
V ind pendence economically
should be supported as the es-
sential ingredient of close political CO.
operation with the German Reich.
This opinion has been subjected to
radical revisions in the new analyses
of recent history. This new contrast
between the national state idea and
the dominant Reich idea has moved
Chancellor DollfuSS and the present
Austrian government to take a stand
against national Socialism. The de-
sire to be big German" rather than
little German" has never dictated
the policies of our government If it
were only this ambition which guided
Austria, then our country would not
be exposed to the threat of economic
and political war on two different
fronts. BY compromising with the
Western. or great German" front,
full national security, which Is a very
distinct thing from national independ-
ence, might be at once achieved. If
Austria has in any sense German
influence or mission, as the buffer
state between the Berlin government
and all the countries of Southeastern
Europe. that saving factor with re-
spect to Germany would cease to
function the very moment Austria is
placed on the same basis. in the views
of other peoples, with the National
Socialist Reich. Germany simply cam
not understand that our continued
freedom in all respects Is her best
pulwark.
Evening star., 1934-02-03
Secrecy.

Il think" said the diplomat. that
will advertise for a deaf and dumb
young woman who can operate the
typewriter"
But she couldn't be very useful,
could she?"
Exceedingly. ! would have to learn
to talk with my hands. But that ac-
complished, could dictate anything
that I happened to have on my mind
without fear of being overheard or of
having the writing identified"
Evening star., 1934-02-03

| deep, hidden jealousy Is partly to
blame for this disagreeable habit of
not only seeing everything, but Of
mentioning everything.
Let . friend appear with q tiny
segment of his jaw missed by the
razor, let the remainder of his fair
face be never SO clean, this uncom-
promising person will survey him
carefully, with gleam of animal tri-
umph in his eyes, and say, casually
enough:
Didn't you shave this morning?"
From such trivial discovery of i'm
perfection, to the more serious, and
more personal, he never misses q
thing.
Not only does he seem jealous of
others, and, therefore, willing to take
it out" on them by reminding them,
as often as he can, that they are not
F., perfection. as he seems to think him.
self, but basically he cannot miss see
ing faults and flaws, because he pos
sesses the keen animal eye for differ
| ences.
1t is said that certain types of the
brute creation never fail to spot q
cripple among the crowd, and often
peck and harm it to death. An all
white penguin, for instance. leads q
perfect dogs life among his formal
black-andwhite mates.
Pet dogs and cats almost instantly
notice when any change has been
made in disposition of furniture in
the living room.
Little children, being closer to the
animal creation, almost invariably are
the first to spot a lame man on the
street, or dandruff in the hair of an
older friend.
And almost invariably they mention
1t, too, so that the trait is seen to be
entirely natural
Civilization, however, is a fleeing,
In some measure, from the entirely
natural.
AS man grew up from the purely
brute stages he had brains enough to
see that he was not wholly good
Civilization, as We know it, despite
its many faults. is the sum total of
the conscious handicaps which man.
kind put upon the purely natural in
order to live together better.
II may be natural TO see, but II Is
not civilized to mention.
When the animal, man. becomes a
gentleman. he begins to think of
others. He begins to put himself in
their shoes. He applies. in short, the
golden rule. very old, but still very
golden.
X II u
There was a story once current of
bank teller, who. seeing that the
old colored NANNY could not sign
the check, but could only make her
mark" said:
You don't write, mammy?"
He was gentleman, at least in that
transaction.
You can't write?" the other type
would have said. Perhaps most would
have said it. because being a gentle
man in every word and action is a
hard task, indeed
Whether one is gentleman or not
must be left to the gods, but at least
one can try to be such.
The trying will involve many things
but surely one of them will be the
determination to refrain from MOTTO
ing. and especially from commenting.
on the physical imperfections of
| others
A man may not take off his hat in
elevators, he may wear rough clothes
and smoke An ''old smelly pipe as
the ladies say, but still. If he minds
his own business and leaves the small
petty imperfections of others to take
care of themselves. he will run a pref
ty good chance of being gentleman
at heart and in the eyes and hearts
of others.
Evening star., 1934-02-03
THIS AND THAT
BY CHARLES 3. TRACEWELL.

What Is the differepce between Q
real gentleman and the make believe
variety?
This was the poser put to us by a
woman reader in the suburbs who re-
Gently adopted q small boy and wants
to bring him up the way he should 60
She believed that we might know
the difference.
While we thank her for the conf
dence, we do not believe we know
just exactly what gentleman Is any
more than any one else.
The matter has been a subject for
discussion since civilization began
with no two persons ever agreeing
exactly.
Who or what Is gentleman?
\ + X i
Lord Byron wrote:
Tho modest, on his unembarrassed
brow
Nature had written-'Gentleman.'"
This would seem to indicate that
the bard thought that modesty, and
lack of embarrassment, were two es-
sential characteristics.
1t is said that James I, when asked
by his old nurse to make her son q
gentleman, replied: "A gentleman I
could never make him, though could
make him a lord"
Shakespeare, who had ideas about
everything, made the following state
ment in "Pericles":
I'VE are gentlemen
That neither in our hearts, nor out
ward eyes
Envy the great. nor do the low de-
spise."
And Lord Tennyson, in that serious
masterpiece from which many good
things are gathered, declared:
And thus he bore without abuse,
The grand cid name of gentleman,
Detained by every charlatan
And soiled with all ignoble use"
Is there any one distinguishing
mark of gentleman?
Isn't there something or other
which We can look for, through all
the superficial layers of clothing. man.
ners, habits, customs, rank, place
power?
If there is, we believe 1t is simply
this:
Noticing - and commenting - on
physical flaws in others is the great
mark of the common man. A gentle
man doesn't do it.
A man may have the slickest hair
Immediately parted, he may be
dressed ever so neatly. but if he in
sists on pointing out the flaws of
other people to their faces he is
scarcely a gentleman.
Then there must be a great many
men in the world who aren't gentle
men, or who. at least do not measure
up to this definition Of one?
Unhappily, that is true.
A great many adults. who indulge
in this pernicious practice, do it as
a "ioke." they say.
If they we're accused (to their faces.
which. of course, no gentleman would
do. short of the grossest personal af-
'front.' they would declare it all huge
mistake.
why, I was just joking!"
The truth is that the fellow was not
joking at all
He was telling what he saw right
out in meeting.
Usually what he sees-practically
always-is some defect in others some
failure. it may be something which
they cannot help.
And always these wights mention
what they see in public.
X
In turn, It will be found that al
most never does this type of human
being ever find anything compliment
arv to say about another
It may be believed In fact that
Evening star., 1934-02-03

tingrish him more effectively from
the other red king, the king of hearts.
@. Is there a poison which leaves
no trace in the human system?-T. r.
A. The Public Health Service says
that there are no ordinary poisons
which do not leave some trace.
@. Who was Yehudi Menuhin's vio-
lir teacher?-C. 3. w.
A. Louis Persinger taught Yehudi
Menuhin. Ruggiero Ricci is another
child pupil of Persinger's, who has
a brilliant future before him.
@. How much meat was eaten by
the people in the United States last
year?-W. E.
A. About 1854 10000 pounds Of
meat were consumed, besides $780,
600 900 pounds of lard This was al
most 1,000,000,000 pounds more than
the 1882 consumption figure, and
amounted to per capita increase of
about pounds.
@. When was gold discovered in
AuStralia?-A. P.
A. The first authentic record of the
discovery of gold in Australia is con-
tanned in a surveyors field book pre-
served in the plan room of the depart
ment of lands in Sydney. The sur
veyor was James McBien The entry
is dated February Is, 1923. The To-
cality was the Fish River, near Bath
urst, New South Wales. In the same
year a convict in road gang near
Bathurst found a small, rough mug
get while at work.
Q.-When was the BLACK Crook"
first played?-W. F. C.
A. 1t was produced in September.
1866. So much curiosity was aroused
by it that the original production ran
for 16 months.
O. Please give a short biography of
Anthony Comstock.-L. r. j.
A. Anthony Comstock was an Amer
ican anti-vice crusader He was born
in New Caanan. Conn. March Z, 1874;
received high school education, served
from 1863 to 1865 with the l7th
Connecticut Regulars in the Civil
| War, in 1872 became active in Y. M.
c A. work in New York City. devoted
himself to the suppression of salaciouS
literature. He was instrumental In
organizing the New York Society for
the Suppression of Vice. He died Sep
tember 81, 1915.
@. Do sharks lay square eggs?-
P D.
A. Sharks lag eggs in square or OBJ
long form with tough, horny coat.
Each is prolonged into tendril ap-
parently of use for its entanglement
among seaweeds to prevent being
thrown about.
O. When was Chippendale making
furniture?-V. E. N.
A. Thomas Chippendale was the son
of a wood carver of Worcester. Eng
land. The era in which this great
cabinet maker did his best work was
from l735 to 1853 His furniture shop
and show rooms we're visited by roy
atty, and were located in st. Mar
tins lane, The Strand, London.
@. Why does brown sugar cost more
than white sugar.. c. P.
A. The reason that brown sugar j.
IOW more expensive lIldIl WIllle Sugs
is one of the paradoyes of modern in
dustrial growth. Originally brown
sugar was cheaper than white sugar
because it represented much lower
state of refinement. Nowadays, how
ever. the vast majority of all sugars
produced in this country is white
sugar. so that it has become more in
volved and expensive to halt the
process Of refinement for brown suga'
than to complete the process for whit
sugar, as is done in most cases.
O. Was it raining at the kickoff in
the Rose Bowl foot ball game on New
Year day?-R. F NJ
A. 1t was drizzling. and all durir"
the game it was either drizzling u
raining
Evening star., 1934-02-03

Another good old custom that goes
obsolete is the presentation OF a $40
gold piece as a birthday remem-
brance. How much ,of the demand
for gold is based on sentiment is hard
to measure. Gold may, after ell, turn
out to be kind of complex or hxa-
ton or libido or whatever the rather
vague vocabulary of psychology may
choose to term 1t.
Evening star., 1934-02-03
A Plea.


Oh, play a little Wagner,
And let the cymbals clash,
Or an italian op'ry.
With fine, melodious dash.
A symphony SO solemn
Oh, bring 1t right along.
Play anything you like, in shc-!,
Except that houn' dawg song.
It started very tiny,
But it developed soon.
It's worse than bacillus,
That epidemic tune.
And though the taste for classics
May not be very strong.
Start up your fugues and rhapsodies
But step that hcun' d. -~---.
Evening star., 1934-02-03
Hard Boiled Relief.

Hard Boiled Relief.
While defense demands excellent
strategy, the best strategy of all is
to retain the offensive Several days
ago Mr.. Harry Hopkins, the relief
director, stepped into the role of an
unkind critic of one of his nearest
and dearest, the c. w. A. If anybody
had any intention of attacking the
c. w. A., Mr.. Hopkins beat him to it
by attacking it himself. As shown
IN the published hearings on the c. w.
A. appropriations, printed yesterday,
Mr.. Hopkins made no effort in his
discourse to members of Congress to
praise the c. W. A. or its administra-
tion. He saw it as what it is-an
emergency step that nobody liked par
ticularly, but which had to be taken.
And as for mistakes-what are you
going to say to a man who admits
there have been mistakes before any
body has charged him with making
one?
Backing Mr.. Hopkins to the limit,
the President told the forty-eight
State directors of the National Emer-
gency Council yesterday to be "ab-
solutely hard-boiled" in keeping poll
tics out of the relief program, even
II you have to hit the biggest political
boss in the United States on the
head" He estimated that ninety per
cent of the failures of relief efforts so
far had been caused by the selfish de-
sires for personal credit in relief work
and efforts Ito make political capital
out of relief work. And he empha-
sized his belief that it is "awfully i'm
portant" for the country to realize
that relief work now is based on
conception that is far beyond politics
or the local building up of political
machine or party or personal ma
chine"
Such an attitude by the President
and those whom he has chosen to
carry out the tremendously difficult
and very delicate task of relief
through the c. w. A., the P. w. A.
and other agencies. will find immedi-
ate and enthusiastic response from
the people. Much of the skepticism
over such extraordinary activities as
the c. w. A. is based on the general
realization of the profound influence
that purely political motives may
exert on the expenditure of money
that is being made available in shovel
fuls for the asking.
No one doubts the Presidents sim
cerity, nor that of Mr.. Ickes and Mr..
Hopkins, in keeping the relief money
free from political entanglements and
Its expenditure free from political i'm
plications. At the same time, there
Is very practical reason for raising
the issue Of politics at this time.
Those who know the temper of the
House have been fearful that the pro-
posed s950ooO,0OO relief appropria-
ton, on which the House is to pass
next week, may become loaded down
with everything. including the kitchen
stove, and by the gentle art of log
rolling accumulate a billion or so
extra dollars before it gets through.
To prevent this House leaders are
going to apply one of their iron bound
rules to block amendments. This.
of course, requires a vote. and those
who vote against the application of
the rule, or for the suspension of
rules. will run the risk of facing
criticism for not helping the Presi-
dent to divorce politics and relief
and keep them separated. At this
stage of the game few members of
Congress, indeed, will willingly invite
that risk
Evening star., 1934-02-03

Valuation Of the dollar at 5906
gives AN impression of minute accu-
racy that appeals to the popular
imagination. When 80 beer was in
circulation the decimal fraction arose
to a dignity which served to pave
the way Tor the economic importance
it now assumes.