davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1934-05-04
RETURN TO GOLD
STANDARD limited
Black Tells y. S. Chamber
of Monetary Develop
ments of Year.

A broad hint by Eugene Black, gov
ernor of the Federal Reserve Board
that the administration abandon
ment of the gold standard was of a
temporary nature was given last night
at the annual banquet of the Cham
ber of Commerce of the United States
ut the Washington Auditorium.
Some 1000 business men gathered
Mt the last social function of the
twenty-second annual meeting of the
chamber, also heard Frederick M.
Davenport. former member of Con-
gress from New York, declare "the
only justification for any economic
and social order is that it promotes
the welfare of human beings"
Attacks "Serfdom."
At an earlier session, Davenport
told the chamber nobody wants bu-
reaucratic regimentation, but nobody
wants private economic serfdom for
workers and consumers, either.
In his speech, Black said there is
no man in this room who believes
more in the gold standard as a base
for international operations than !
believe"
He recalled that the country was
of the yellow metal base for 18 years
after the Civil War.
Cites Gold Reserve Basis.
America" he said, went off the
gold standard in April, and within
less than a year the gold content of
the dollar was fixed, gold reserves were
fixed back of the dollar so that tonight
America is back on a gold reserve
basis in less than year, and yet we're
impatient about it.
America was not driven off the gold
standard; America left it voluntarily.
At the time she left it she had
$4,000 600 900 in gold. She left it as
part of large recovery pro-
gram, to prevent the flight
of capital and primarily to raise the
price of agricultural commodities and
raw materials"
Calls for Guidance.
In his speech, Mr.. Davenport called
for "the wholehearted sympathy and
guidance of the American business
man." in the changing order the
world is. witnessing.
Upon him demands whether we
keep what we have. the ripe economic
experience and skill of the past. or
whether like Russia we repudiate and
ostracise the business man and begin
the industrial process all over again."
he said.
That, it seems to me, would be
a terrible waste. Whether our pres
ent economic miseries turn out to
be a vantage point in the evaluation
of human society, depends upon the
American business leaders. Upon his
attitude depends whether industry
will accept with sufficient prompt
ness the new human and economic
creed which in our time is written
in the hearts and conSciences Of
men; namely, that capital must re-
ceive less and laborers and consumers
more; that bonuses have an unparal-
leled value in good will only when
they are shared by executives with
workers; that unemployment re-
serves and sickness and old age
benefits must be universal; that
without subscribing to the high
money wage theory or any other
theory, it is the purchasing power
of the millions, the well-being of the
millions that makes country great,
creates a healthy environment for the
natural selection of first rate in
dustrial and political leaders and
Evening star., 1934-05-04

istration, will speak on Education
and the New Deal" and also will
participate IN a Des Moines public
forum discussion.
Miss Ellen Lombard, United States
Once Of Education, will speak on
The Governments Emergency Pro-
gram in Parent Education" DIR. LIZ
liam r. Smith, national chairman.
will address the meeting on the find
ings of the>recent Child Health Re-
ccvery Conference.
Mrs. Clara M. Boyer, United States
Children's Bureau, will speak on
"Laboring Children" and Changing
Vacations" is the topic chosen by DR..
Adelaide Baylor, Federal Board for
Vocational Training.
Evening star., 1934-05-04
RECOVERY PROGRAM
WILL BE DISCUSSED
Washington Leaders Will Dwell
on Child Welfare at
Convention.

The Roosevelt recovery program will
be discussed in its relation to chill
dren's welfare by Washington leaders
at the thirty eighth annual conyen-
tion of the National Congress of
Parents and Teachers, which opens
May Is at Des Moines, Iowa.
Jerome Frank, general counsel Of
the Agricultural Adjustment Admin
Evening star., 1934-05-04
EDUCATORS TO MEET
Headmaster of Tower Hill School
to Be Luncheon Speaker,

% 0S 1sx1S~xSo<H SFS01S1'
Burton P. Fowler, headmaster of Tow
er Hill School, will address the annual
Spring luncheon tomorrow of the
Progressive Education Association Of
which he is an honary vice president
The luncheon will be held at the
Kennedy Warren.
Officers for the coming year will
be elected and other business con-
Quoted.
Evening star., 1934-05-04

Pedigree Live Stock Sent.
Pedigree livestock is being sent from
England to South Africa.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1934-02-19
Tragic Death Of The
 Ruler OF Belgium,
(Continued from Page II

mourning his father and as yet too distraught to think of the heavy burden of the affairs of state which he must assume.
 He and the new queen, Princess Astrid of Sweden, who is soon to become a mother, spent an. hour alone this morning by the Kings body. It was on wide mahogany bed, half shrouded by a red silk coverlet.
 Queen zabeth, the widow, was almost prostrated and was being comforted by the princess and her ladies-in-waiting.
 When the body is brought here, the street lamps along the route will be draped in crepe and the city will be wrapped in deepest silence. All activity was suspended today and the banks, the Bourse and other institutions were closed.
 The cabinet completed the fun eral arrangements this afternoon. It was understood the strictest po- lice precautions would be taken, especially in view of the presence of Crown Prince Humbert of Italy, whose wife is Princess Marie Jose of Belgium. Authorities have not
 forgotten the attempt on Humbert's life which was made on the occa- sion of his marriage.
 The kings body will lie in state in the royal palace until Thursday, when a magnificent state funeral will be held, prior to burial in tho fo o V,nn n1fn1 n fhn in . teryal, kings, princes and the great of all Europe will view the body, sincere in their mournings for the monarch who had won the love and respect, not only of his own courageous little country, but of all nations.
 Leopold is still officially Grown Prince and did not automatically become king at the instant of his fathers death, as is customary in most monarchies. Executive power Is vested in the government until the funeral, after which Leopold will take the oath of office before both houses of parliament, and will be proclaimed king. Pomp and circumstance, and elaborate evidences of mourning usually mark the passing of king who is living symbol of national | unity.
 In Albert's death the pomI and circumstances were secondary to the deep mourning for the loss of a man loved and hbnored fol himself, soldier of skill and gal lantry, a patron of the arts, a sportsman and athlete, and g statesman of the first rank. Messages from abroad, which expressed in formal terms the sor- row of other monarchs and presi- dents in the name of their coun- +,;as wore sunnorted hy the s0r-
The Waterbury Democrat., 1934-02-19
BY E. T. PYLE

NEA Service Special Correspondent Washington, Feb 19.-InS192S, airmail planes were flying some B. 100000 miles year over 24 routes totaling about 12,000 miles (about half of today's totaD and carrying about S,600,000 pounds of mail yearly.
 But little passenger service was being offered, and the years total of airline passengers was only 6O,000.
 The operators preferred the much easier method of making their money strictly from airmail, and not bothering with passengers.
 The companies which had re- ceived the "A airmail contracts awarded between 1926 and 1928 were, on the whole, financed by private individuals, or by capital local to the cities through which the poutes ran. There was little rbig money" in the airlines then.
 But when public enthusiasm took aviation to it's breast following Lindbergh's Paris flight, the big investment houses saw that here was a potentially rich field.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1934-02-19
WALTER E. BROWN
 IS QUESTIONED
tcontinued from Page D

(Continued from Page 1)
 Before proceeding with the questioning, Black established for the record that Brown was willing to answer any inquiries regarding his conduct of official affairs, without any recourse to immunity
 The huge caucus room in the senate office building was trans formed into a miniature motion picture studio for Browns appear ance. Klleg lights frightened the room and sound cameras recorded Browns testimony. Several hum dred spectators Jammed the room.
 Brown lead a long statement declaring that there was nothing clandestine or secret" about the alleged "spoils conference"
 "No suggestion of dividing air. mail operations among the com panies represented at these meetings was ever made or contemplated" he said, land ITO agreement or understanding with respect to bidding on airmail con- tracts or refraining to bid on air mail contracts by any of the operators present was made at either of those meetings or at any other time.
 Black questioned Brown regard ing his government service before he became postmaster general. It was brought out that Brown was an assistant secretary of commerce when Herbert. Hoover was secre- tary and William F. MacCracken, IT,, under sentence for contempt of the senate, was assistant sec retary for aeronautics.
 "Do you recall having anything to do with airmail contracts ?" Black asked.
 "No."
 "t don't recall my taking any part in the aeronautics -branch," Brown continued.
 Black asked if Kenneth McPher- son. Browns secretary both at the commerce and postoffice depart ments, had anything to do with airmail contracts during the de- pertinent of commerce period.
 Black showed Brown a memo randum marked "confidential," :" which he said had been sent by McPherson to MacCracken.
 He said the memorandum came from MacCracken's files. The sem ator sad it was a suggestion from McPherson on the way to proceed in awarding of airmail contracts.
 Black turned suddenly to ques- tions about Browns relations with Joseph Bagley, who partici- pated in a joint stock account with the former government off, cial.
 Bagley is dead and Brown was named in earlier testimony as an executor of the estate.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1934-02-19
Stock Boom Launched

The first big financing was with the airplane manufacturing com panfes. Investment houses put out millions of shares of stock, and sold them to an aviation-hungry public at prices far beyond what they could ever be worth ih actual earning power.
 Many of these original stocks are now as worthless as sheet of secondhand carbon paper. But the aviation boom was on.
 Next "big money" started to get into the airlines. Holding com- panies were formed, and they bought up and merged airmail lines all over the country.
 The financing was so intricate so intertwined and duplicated that even Senator Hugo Blacks astute airmail investigators can't sit down and take you step by step through all the airline financing from 1928 until today.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1934-02-19
SCHOOL CACEMEN TO CLOSE SEASON
Locals Oppose Terryville High in Final Game
 Wednesday
THOMASTON
Correspondent, F. 0. Flynn Phone 685 or 46.S

The Thomaston high school bas- ketball teams will bring their sea- son to close Wednesday evening at the high school gym when they meet the Teryville high in the last school league game of the season. The game was booked for Friday evening but was changed to We'd nesday owing to the closing of the schools on that date. Thomaston was defeated in Terryville when they appeared in the lock town a few weeks ago, but since that time the team has showed much im- provement and is expected to take the honor this week. Should Thom- aston win they may receive an in- vitation to play in the state cham pionship tournament to be held in Hartford instead of Storrs this sea- son.
 School Closes Wednesday The public schools will hold only 8 half da ysession on Wednesday, closing for the remainder of the week for Washington's birthday. Many of the local teachers have planned to spend the vacation at their homes.
 Roll Call Knights of Yythias
 
 annual roll call of Gasceon lodge, Knights of Pythias, to be held at Pythian hall on Thursday evening, have completed their arrangements. The Pythian Sisters will join in the celebration and furnish hlaf of the entertainment the knights will fur ! nish the balance of the evenings entertainment. It is expected that all members will be present to an- swer the roll call as far as possible and fine program has been ar- ranged which will include a supper and social time.
 Carl Ritchie To Address Club The regular meeting of the Col | loquim club will Le held at the Park hotel this evening. Supper | will be served and following a short business meeting the guest speaker for the evening, Cari Isitchie of Bristol, superintendent of the schools in that city, will be intro- duced. Mandel Green and Edward Johnson are on the entertainment committee.
 Liederkranz Society Enjoys Social The H. s. Liederkranz society and their families and invited guests held Q social time and card party at German hall on Electric avenue on Saturday evening. CWA Men Not Reduced The CWA with 90 local men em- ployed continues as usual starting this week, no order having hecn re- ceived to lay off men to conform with the national order, but word may be received this week. Tho selectmen have been able to put some of the country roads into good condition and the Turner road in which a gang is now working. will be finished in another week. The selectmen have plans for the building of two bridges and as soon as the weather permits this work will be started.
 The Fulton Market expects to open their new combination store in Thomaston this week. Men have been working for several days in the large store in Lipman's block, which has been vacant for months, making alterations.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1934-02-19
ADVISORY BOARD
 TO DISAPPEAR


 Bridgeport, Conn, Feb 19-(U. P.)-February 2S will mark the passing of the Connecticut advisory board of the public works admins tration; according to state chair man Archibald McNeil.
 McNeil said he received a tele- gram from Harold Ickes, PWA ad- miriistrator, reading in part:
 with non-federal projects pend- ing in Washington for amounts far in excess of any sums that can be reasonably expected for congress to appropriate, there seems to be no good reason for continuing state advisory boards further"
 Members of the state board, be- sides McNeil, are John J. Pelley, president of the New Haven Rail- road and State Senator Harvey L. Thompson, Middletown.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1934-02-19
SELL AND BUY IS SUREST WAY TO
 PREVENT WARS
Secretary Wallace Hits at Previous Regimes in
 United States

Washington, Feb 19- (UP)- Foreign countries embarked upon international trade policies sim liar to those of the Harding-CoOl- idge- Hoover administrations are creating worldwide tension which many persons believe will lead to war, Secretary of Agriculture Henry A. Wallace said to-day in a pamphlet written for the Foreign Policy association. The statement was made in a plea to the Ameri- can people to make up their minds what they want to do about their own industrial and agricultural production.
 The implied rebuke to recent republican administrations is the latest dealt the old deal by the new. Wallace said many persons believe the current pressure will be bound to blow itself off in an- other orgy of human killing" He said there was no surer path to war than to insist upon selling while refusing to buy abroad.
 "A clean-cut program of planned international trade or barter would be far less likely to get us into war, I think" Wallace wrote, than the attempts to function interna- tionally as sellers, yet nationalistic- ally as buyers, inaugurated under Presidents Harding and Coolidge and followed by President Hoover. Such tactics pursued in the past by older nations led to bloody fore closure proceedings at the point of guns.
 Tt comes to this: if we insist have have to % lena our surplus st to 'ie, foreign s There is no surer path to war"
 Wallace proposed instead the method of reciprocal trade. He said it led to peace and made no sales without providing opportuni- ties for buyers to pay the bill.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1934-02-19

HUH EdSS |. or the pessimism of private air. line operators, some of whom doubted that the army could meas ure up to private efficiency in mail carrying. The army felt that it's greatest peace time job was at hand its reputation for efficiency was at stake.
 Lieut.. Elwood Quesada will make the first flight over the most dangerous of the air mail routes New York to Cleveland over the Alleghanies He will take off with the Chicago mail at 9:30 tonight from Newark.
 By midnight army planes will be flying all the 21 routes. In New York, Chicago and other aviation centers private air transport op- orators were equally as interested.
 The army's task in mobilizing its equipment, distributing it's flyers and buying it's stores of high test gasoline within the span of a few days was herculean.
 Sixty eight daily flights were scheduled over three divisions. There were 14S planes in the serv- ice-36 attack ships, IA bombers, CT observation, 30 pursuit and one transport plane. Pressure upon the personnel was almost that of war time.
 Before going to Newark today, Major General Benjamin Foulois, chief of the army air corps, re- ported that all organization was completed, that confidence of his men was high, and that the army was prepared to operated the mail service as long as President Roose- vek deems necessary.
 Later he will inspect all routes nown by the army and doubtless will be given first hand details of the tragedies which early set tho army when 1t started last week to send its flyers to air mail head
The Waterbury Democrat., 1934-02-19
TELEP HOMES IN
 AUSTRIA HALTED
fcontinued from Page l)

8Eontlnued rom rage ~
 1T want to stress one point" Dollfuss said, ''that is that this was not a battle of the working class es against the government. It was the attacks of a small group of fa- natics against the state and society.
 "Our chief concern rests now with the families of the victims. I myself have assumed the guardian ship of all the children of the dead members of our forces who fell in the defense of their country. Among the families of workers who died, 43-5 relief work has been started by the cardinal arch- gishop of Vienna in cooperation with the government.
 Many rumors were spread charging the government with the Intention of taking steps against certain groups of our nation. All citizens of Austria, without any dis tinction whatsoever, who feel nA- tionally and are law-abiding and who are prepared to cooperate Loyalty in the work of reconstruc- ting our state, may depend upon the full protection of the state"
The Waterbury Democrat., 1934-02-19

taking place during the last five years, largely during the adminis- tration of former Postmaster Gem eral Walter Brown.
 After Brown took office congress passed the Watres bill, which:
 1-Changed the method of pay for carrying the mail from a pound basis (so much a pound, regardless of distance) to a space mileage basis (so much a mile for a fixed allotment of car go space).
 2-Provided that new routes should be awarded under com petitive bidding (this to give non- mail carrying airlines chance to get airmaiD.
 3-Authorized the post office to give extensions to lines already holding contracts (this to protect the equity of contractors who had thousands of dollars tied up in euuipment)
The Waterbury Democrat., 1934-02-19
SECOND BRUTAL
 MURDER OF GIRL
tcontinued from Page 1.)

NSOublunC0 AAOAl 05N -1
 A few hours after the body was discovered police brought in for tl,iestioning Nassif s. Nassif, 15- Jear-old amateur basketball play CT and chum of the slain girls brother George.
 Nassif said he attended the Globe theater last night with nine friends Shortly before 10 o'clock, he said, he left his seat in the balcony and went downstairs for a smoke. Just inside the door to the theater he saw Victoria talking to man about 20 years old, who, wore a dark gray or black overcoat, Ox- ford gray suit and pearl gray hat. Enroute back toc' the balcony after having his smoke, Nassif said he again saw Victoria. Ste was still crying and he asked her what was the matter and she did not
 With tyassif when police inter- viewed him was Fred De Ban, 20, one of his nine theater coh,banions
 Ehe vacant parking space where yictoria's body was found is at Tyler and Kneealnd streets. Be- tween the space and nearby ten-
The Waterbury Democrat., 1934-02-19

fl The administration is said to feel that fraud has been shown clearly, and that every operator who at- tended the spells conference" was equally guilty.
 Arguments against complete can cellation follow:
 That many of the operators are guiltless in that they did not ask for or receive any extension or new contracts under Browns regime.
 That many of those who knew of the understanding" to restrict bidding on the transcontinentals did not take part in it. That cancellation of all contracts punishes some 5000 innocent em- ployes.
 That, despite abuses, the airmail operators had built up the greatest air transport system in the world, and that complete cancellation perils the industry.
 That the same effect could have been gained by salvaging what was good about the industry, and scrap ping only what was bad.
 NEXT: What future courses are
The Waterbury Democrat., 1934-02-19
No Bidding on "Extensions"

The result was that out of the 12,00O miles of airmail routes add ed during Browns regime, nearly 5000 were extensions" on which there was no bidding whatever.
 NEW LINES-Congress intended that non-mail carrying lines (of which there were many, clamoring for mail subsidies) should have a chance to bid on all new airmail routes.
 But only two important new routes were let under Brown the central and southern trans- continentals.
 Many independents wanted to bid on these lines. But at the last minute the specifications were changed, requiring six months of night flying by the bidding line. Not an independent line in Ameri- ca could qualify.
 Some companies already flying mail also wanted chance at these two long routes. But, it was charged before the senate committee, the operators were told that if they dared submit a bid they would lose the contracts they already had.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1934-02-19

quarters.
 Two planes collided in a blizzard near Oakley, Utah, and another crashed to his death near Jegome. Idaho.
 High officers of the corps were frank in Swing that other planes might be lost before the army avia- . tors become familiar with their daily stint of 41,000 flying miles. such isolated crackups, they said, could not be cited as condemna- ton of the army service. The job is vast. they said. The dangers are apparent.
 Columbus, O., Feb. 19-(UP) - Capt. Eddie Rickenbacker, ace of World war army flyers, speeded into his former home town today on a record coast to coast flight carrying one of the last mail con- signments to be flown by com mercial ships.
 Rickenbacker, flying a'new type airliner, arrived here from Kansas City at 10:17 a. m. Officials of panscontinental and Western Air said he was liar ahead" of the ex- isting records for transport planes
 Rickenbacker refueled his ship and took off for Newark, N. J., al 10:3S a m.
 He had made the 644 miles from Kansas City in exactly three hours an average speed of 215 miles an hour.
 Newark, N. J., Feb. 19 - (UP) - Experimental flights ended army pilots at eastern headquar- ters at Newark airport, awaited the signal today to fly the nations air mail.
 Dangerous flying conditions fac. ed the eastern division on the flight from New York to Cleveland Crossing the Alleghanies is be- lieved by army observers to be the worst flying territory in the na. ton.
 The territory is known to pilots as "HeJps Stretch" Here is where fog and moisture causes ice te form on wings. Recently severa private air mail pilots were forced to "bail out' in this territory. Mansfield. O., Feb. 1s = (UP)--