davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-07-07
alabama ShmecroppersFight OnsIaughts Of NRA

This is the second and conclud-
ing part of an interview with AL
Murphy, secretary of the Share
troopers Union in the Balck Belt.
The first installment, which APP
peared yesterday, described the
deliberate attack on the Negro
sharecroppers by the Roosevelt
A.A.A.- plow under program.
AT the very outset the pillow under
II program began to develop a
series of minor struggles among the
sharecroppers, guided by the mill
tant Sharecroppers Union. There
were protests of all kinds, both
against the landlords and against
the MIRA. government. These were
largely carried through on indivi-
dual and family scales. Larger, mass
actions would have spelled disaster
and the loosing of landlord-Ku-
Klux terror.
In many cases the sharecroppers
refused to sign the joint checks sent
to the landlord by the government
unless they were guaranteed their
complete share. They had learned
through bitter experience not to
take the landlords word, and so
they demanded their share in cash,
Immediately, before they consented
to sign the check.
Boycott Plantations
The poor farmers and day labor
ers used another means Of protest
against the whole MIRA. govern
ment- Landlord lineup against them
by boycotting certain plantations
which were outstandingly vicious
in their treatment of tenants and
share-croppers. The boycott of one
plantation in Chambers County IN
1888 resulted in the arrest OF IL
share choppers.
The same struggle continues at
the present time in Lee County
The conditions against which the
struggle is being waged here are
such tina. evicted troopers are Of
fered 80 to so cents a day, working
from sun-up to sun down by the
landlords, who fire regular day la
borers in order to recruit almost
coolie- labor from among the ranks
of the eyicted troopers. Right now
there is boycott against one plan
tation in this county, which began
when a big landlord fired his day
laborers in order to get troopers at
starvation wage. He succeeded in
getting only two men-both young
sons of share choppers. But a mem-
Der of the union went to see and
speak to these young men. After a
short talk during which he explain
ed the struggles of the shore-crop-
pers to them, he persuaded them to
leave their mules and plows right
on the field, and quit their JOBS.
I'VE expect big struggles next
winter on all these issues" Murphy
said. Especially as these smaller
struggles gain momentum. There
will be- he repeated, "oig struggles
against the landlords and the gov
eminent"
Strug lies for Relief
In relief work Murphy also de-
scribed the rising nlilitancy of the
troopers. He described how lone
crorper went to ask for relief and
las pushed around by the local
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-07-07
Six Negro Churches
Mark LID. Birthday
In South Carolina City

NEW YORK-What the unified
struggle of Negro and white work
e,s for the freedom of Angelo Hern-
don and the Scottsboro boys means
to the oppressed south is driven
home in intensely human terms
by reports from Columbia, S. c..
that six Negro churches of that
city held celebrations of the ninth
anniversary of the International
Labor Defense.
The six churches, having total
membership of more than TOO per-
sons, are the Emmanuel AME.;
Chapel A.M.E.; Stoney Chapel A.
NE; Second AM.E.; the Jehovah
Baptist, and the Church of st. John
the Baptist. The local unit Of the
Communist Party and the local
I. L. D. branch helped arrange the
celebration which was conducted
solely by local speakers.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-07-07
The Fighting
Vet
By H. E. BRIGGS
TO THE RANK AND FILE OF
THE AMERICAN LEGION

TO HE RANK AND FILE OF
THE AMERICAN LEGION
COMRADES: Your civilian broth
v ers on the West Coast are, at
this time, fighting for their work
ing class rights. You are being sp-
peaked to by misleaders in indus
try and your own organization to
act as strikebreakers. We, rank
and filers, know from past ex-
perience that it is not to our in
terest to go against those in our
own class. Since we are workers
who, too, may be unemployed
from day to day and would not
like scabs and strikebreakers to
interfere with our fight for bet
ter conditions, it is time that we
act for ourselves. Legion COM
manderS and big business men
may have a lot in common. How
ever, they have nothing in COM
mon with the rank and fine. The
West Coast dock strike is one of
the most heroic battles for the
preservation of those things which
every worker holds dear-the right
to strike, organize and decent
living standard. Refuse to be used
against your felIow-Workers! If
the Legion commanders would
give more time and interest them
selves in the demand for the
Bonus, repeal of the Economy Act
and Unemployment Insurance they
would have no time to devote to
trike-breaking. You members of
the Legion, who are walking the
street, hungry and broke, would
not be in this condition if you
had the Bonus in your pocket,
your compensation restored and
Unemployment Insurance.
Your comrades in Minneapolis
made a proud record for them
selves when they refused to be
used by the local business men as
scabs and special policemen. In
this case, many of the strikers
were Legion men. The same sit
uation faces your comrades on the
West Coast. 1t is up to the rank
and file of the American Legion,
North, South, East and West, to
realize that these days are deci-
sive ones in the fight for decent
living standards. 1t is up to the
Legionnaires and all ex-service-
men to ally themselves with the
fellow next door in one rank and
file movement for better condi-
lions not only in veteran affairs,
but in the interest of the working
class as a whole.
SALEM, Ore-A letter recently
received from S. B. Dodge, Post
No. 70, WE.S.L, shows that it is
possible to appeal to the local Le-
gionnaires and have them join a
militant rank and file organiza-
ton such as the Workers Ex-
Servicemen's League. Salem is do
ing big things, winning publicity
in the cap papers and co-operat-
ing in the local struggles.
There is a sad note from Post
No. 70 in the death of Comrade
S. B. Dodge's mother. She was a
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-07-07
BY WIN RoLFE

authorities. The relief heads began
to try to evade responsibility for
issuing relief. He continued to de-
mand it, but was again refused.
Finally he told the woman in the
relief Office that if he received
nothing he would follow her home
and park on her front porch until
he got adequate relief. He knew
that the officials we're taking the
foodstuffs and other materials
meant for relief of the hungry and
jobless home for themselves. After
this, the Office was forced to give
him relief to get rid of him and his
persistent demands"
Relief struggles are carried on by
committees-groups of widows and
women with children. Sometimes
family mmittees-whole families
of share choppers, often numbering
10 or 12-go to relief offices to de-
mand their due. Individuals and
committees send resolutions, pro-
tests, ETC., to local and national re-
lief bodies.
"Such actions" Murphy declared,
ARE being organized over wider
and wider areas all over the Black
Belt"
Fighting Evictions.
The struggle against evictions,
which is also mounting, will take
the same FORMS that they took last
year in Chambers County, accord
ing to Murphy. The demand for
the right of sharecroppers to re-
main on the land without being
forced to work it out for the bosses
will be stressed. The AAA contract
points out that insofar as he may
remain on the land, rent free, the
sharecropper will have free access
to wood, fuel, pasturage and gar
den in exchange for his labor.
There is a phrase in this contract,
however, which states that these
conditions will prevail unless ten
ant or sharecropper so conducts
himself that he becomes nuisance
or menace to the producer" Qsnd-
lord).
This shows clearly, Murphy en-
phasized, that the AAA-or the
government-gives the landlords a
loophole through which they may
slide out of their legal responsible
ties, and gives them a chance to
evict the cropper and to cut him
off from relief, forcing him to work
for nothing.
Direct Attack On Union.
Roosevelt and the National Re-
covery Administration, said Mur-
ply, knew very we'll that there
was Sharecroppers' Union in the
South. To them, as to the south
ern landlords, every member of the
union is a nuisance or menace
Therefore this direct attack on the
Sharecroppers' Union and particu-
larly on the Negro tenants.
THE whole Roosevelt New Deal
has now come to showdown. The
farming masses can see very we'll
now that it is New Deal for the
bankers and landlords; that it has
not brought prosperity to the far
mcrs, but wo-se conditions, worcc
than they have ever seen or lived
through before. They find that
they are not able to work except
under miserable conditions, almost
under primitive methods. The en-
tire New Deal, as it affects the tn
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-07-07
Royalist Cigar Strikers
In Mass Picketing

PHILADELPHIA, Pa, July g.
Raising shouts of Communists, I"
Lew Hines, A. F. of L. organizer,
tried to disrupt the strike at the
Royalist Cigar Co. here. The strike
is led by the Tobacco Workers In
dustrial Union, a T. U. U. L. aff1-
late. Hines tried to gather group
Of strikers about his sell-out schemes
with the assertion that the company
would never deal with a Communist
union. The strike committee
promptly exposed Hines and de-
clared that it was ready to nego-
tate with the company at any time.
Mass picketing is continuing at the
plant with strike sentiment spread
ing to other factories throughout
the city
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-07-07
Sell Daily at
Steel Plants
In Cleveland
One Activity in Drive
Is Information
Leaflets

IN steel have been reared some of
v the greatest and most wanton
fortunes, the most murderous names,
in American history-Andrew Car
negie and Prick. Morgan the Mali
grant, Gary the hypocrite-the
blood of strikers on their hands!
The New Deal arbitration board is
moving swiftly on the strikes in the
steel industry, ever to break them,
to drown the protests of workers
with pious phrasings. 1t is the mil
lions in steel that our best profiteers
fondly think of as they plan the
next imperialist war.
The Cleveland District has drawn
a lesson from this present situation
in the steel industry and has ap-
piled it to the drive for 10000 new
Daily Worker readers in the next
two months.
Sold Before 5 Plants
In Cleveland it now stands before
five plants-The Corrigan Mckinley
Steel. the Midland Steel, American
Steel and Wire and the Davy Steel,
and the Fisher Body. We have daily
sales there, writes Comrade Martin,
the District Daily Worker agent.
Cleveland is one of the strategic
points in the drive. 1t now has six
daily routes and about Is Saturday
routes but these must be increased.
1t must have Red Builders, and q
call is being sent out for more I'M
employed party members, SYM
pathizers and all those who want to
make expenses to join the ranks.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-07-07

Besides the public square, where
we now sell about rs copies daily,
and 100 on Saturdays, we are build
ing new corners" continues Com
rade Martin.
There are now 10 stands in the
city where the Daily Worker can be
bought. when a unit gets some
new stands, they issue Daily
Worker leaflet with sample copies Of
the Daily, in the neighborhood, so
that the workers in the neighbor-
hood will know that their grocer or
candy store carries the Daily.
THE name of all stands in the
city are then put on one leaflet, and
distributed with sample copies Of the
Daily Worker at key shops. This
will enable those workers who hest
tate buying the Daily at the shop,
to get it in the neighborhood where
they live"
The last two items ought to be
considered in every district.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-07-07
Militant Negro Worker
In Philadelphia Dies

PHILADELPHIA, Pa, June g.
Anderson Virgins, founder Of the
Cliff Fames Branch of the Interna-
tional Labor defense, died here
Tuesday as a result Of slow starya-
ton.
Com. nde Virgins had been an
active fighter in the ranks Of the
working class for five years. He was
one of the first Negroes to join the
unemployment council.
He joined the Communist Party
in 1881. HIS last wish was a red
funeral with a hammer and sickle
to drape his coffin.
The Communist Party Of Phila-
delphia will cary out the wish TO-
gether with the Unemployment
Council and the I. L. D.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-07-07
5000 Cigar Workers
Locked Out in York, Pa.
by a Worker CorrespOn

by Worker Correspondent
YORK, Pa, July 6.-Over 5000
workers have been thrown out of
work here in the cigar factories by
an agreement of the York County
Cigar Manufacturers Association to
shut down pending decision on
whether or not to operate accord
ing to the cigar manufacturers
code. Another 5000 workers are
also faced with a lockout as the
Association meets to decide its
course of action.
The manufacturers are waging a
bitter fight against the closed shop,
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-07-07
Phila. Painters
Rank and File
Gains in Vote
Cigar Strikers Answer
"Red Scare Disrup-
lion of AFL Head

PHILADELPHIA, Pa. July g.
Despite every effort on the part Of
the reactionary A. F. of L. oficials,
headed by the Lovestonite Kramei,
secretary Of Local 306 of the Paint
ers Brotherhood, the opposition sue
ceeded in electing three of its can
didates to the executive committee
and a delegate each to the District
Council and the United Hebrew
Trades. The workers forced the
Lovestonite officials to concede a
tie vote and another election for
president, after the takers had done
everything possible to rob the OPP
position candidate of the election.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-07-07

The Daily Worker is Americas
only working class daily news
paper. 1t fights for the interests
Of the working class. A Subscrip-
ton for one month daily or six
months Of the Saturday edition
costs only IS cents. Send your
sub today. Address, Daily Worker,
50 E. 18th St., New York City.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-07-07
WHAT'S ON

center, on Brighton Station. Workers
Lab. Theatre in News Boy" Nadia Chill
kovsky and her dance group. Dancing
after the concert Admission 80 cents
Arranged by Artef Club.
Sunday
EXHIBIT and Short Talk on Soviet Art.
Lemonade free. 14o1 Jerome Ave, Bronx,
cor. 10th ST., $50 p. M Admission l5c.
Auspices Mt. Eden Br F. s. U.
COME Swimming with Vegetarian Work
ers Club at Brighton Beach and 5th St.
II a. m. Good program and discussion.
Refreshments Look for our sign.
GALA SUMMER Frolic, Dance and En-
tertainment. Red Mock Marriage. Jazz
Band. New Culture Club, 2s45 Coney
Island Ave. between Avenues T and o.
$50 p. m.
OPEN FORUM, Bronze Studio, 227 Lenox
Ave, End floor. Nathaniel Solomon speaks
on Bloody Fascism in Germany and It's
Repercussions in U. S. A." Auspices: Peter
Poyas Br. L. s. N. r. p. M
GEO. LEWIS lectures on Significance
of Recent Events in Germany" New Gull
ture Club, 2s45 Coney Island Ave. $3.50
p. m.
PICNIC and outing given by Unit II,
Section @. P. from noon till midnight
at Van Cortlandt Park Jerome Ave.
train to Woodlawn Station,
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-07-07
PHILADELPHIA, Pa.

GRAND ANNUAL PICNIC Auspices Sec
ton G. P. on Sunday, July 9th at Bur-
holme Park Good program. Direction.
Take car so going north.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-07-07
Saturday
Manhattan

ENTERTAINMENT and Concert, benefit
for N Y. Comm. to Aid Victims OF Ger
man Fascism Anti-Nazi Federation, l6s
w. 23rd st., $50 p. m. Refreshments,
good program. N. Tallentire, speaker.
Subscription at door IS cents.
OPEN AIR MOVIES (Russian) and
Dance at IPotamkin Children's Center 81
E. 18th st. p. m. Auspices: Unit 7
Section /. Indoors if it rains.
MOVIES tPotamkin) and Dance at Irish
Workers Club, LOT w. Tooth St., $40 p. m
Auspices: Lean Mellows Br. Irish Workers
Club.
HOUSE PARTY given by Y. C. L. Unit
6. Section l. 223 Second Ave Apt. OK
$3.50 p. m. entertainment
Admission free.
Bronx
"UUS lin" (Estonian weekly 25th An
niversary Picnic and Dance at Pleasant
Bay Park. p. m. till midnight. I. Amter,
main speaker. Concert-gamesEsport
Admission 25c.
LEMONADE PARTY and Dance at 14o1
jerome Ave. cor. 10th St., p. M Very
cool. Admission Is cents. Auspices: Mt
Eden Youth Br. F. S. U.
BIG BLOWOUT-aH the iced tea you
want at 1641 Clay Ave. near 173rd st.
Apt. iG. Auspices: Unit sos. Adm. 15c.
Brooklyn
CONCERT AND DANCE at Brighton
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-07-07
Facing Jail, Mother BLOOr Celebrates
72nd Birthday in Front Battle Line
Jailed Count
less Times; One of
c. p. Founders

of the founders of the American
Communist Party. a founder of
that Bolshevik Party which has the
historic task of storming the out
post of world imperialism, Wall
Street. She is a member of the
Party's Central Committee, the
committee that steers the Ameri-
can working class toward the
seizure of power.
She has been arrested innum-
cradle times and has seen the in
sides of countless jails. she took
part in some of the greatest bat
ties of the class struggle, in the
Anaconda Copper strike where
about children were burned to
death.
To the miners she is a symbol.
They have known and loved her
for more than a quarter of cen
fury. She has lived in the mining
towns, organized strikes, fought
for them in countless battles. In
the old days, Mother Bloor was the
only woman member of the United
Mine Workers of America, elected
as an honorary member by the
miners who honored and adorad
her. Recently in Ambrilge, Pa,
she broke through the ring Of ter
ror and spoke to the miners while
thugs pressed their revolvers into
her back.
In the greatest battles of the
working class she has fought
valiantly, in Herrin, Illinois, in
Gastonia, in the Sacco-Vanzetti
case, in Scottsboro. On the night
of the Sacco-Vanzetti case, she
was jailed in Boston for raising
her voice in prophecy of the in
evitable retribution by the revolu-
tionary masses.
During the World War, when
the terrorism of the ruling class
was raging in unrestrained mob
violence, Mother Bloor spo k e
openly in many cities against the
imperialist war, Drawing arrest and
brutality.
TODAY Mother Bloor moves
through the farm country,
rousing the impoverished farmers
to the defense of their homes from
the teeth of the capitalist finance
sharks. She is out on bail, pend
ing the appeal of a six months
sentence for "rioting."
Her blue eyes, warm, filled with
humor, are still bright. She is as
restless, as energetic as ever.
Nothing can stop her as she rains
blows upon the only thing she
hates, the hideousness and misery
of life under the yoke of capital
list wage slavery.
There is one birthday present
she would like cher boys" to give
her above all things. She would
like to be the first to open the
first Congress of American Soviets
We ought to grant her that
Certainly no one is more deserv-
ing of the honor.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-07-07
AS Years in Front Ranks
of Historic Glass
Struggles
By MILTON HOWARD
Mother Bloor is 70 today.


And charact e r lis ticalIy
enough, she celebrates her
birthday (if she gives it a
thought at ALL in the midst Of
battle.
Mother" as she is known
to thousands upon thousands OF
workers and farmers throughout
the land, is now in Nebraska fac
ing a Jail sentence Of six months
for aiding the strike of the chicken
pickers in Loup City.
They talk of the ancient heroes
of ancient battles" But the world
has never seen tn. steadfastness
and heroism which is born in the
world fight for the liberation of
society from the chains of capital
ism.
The world has never seen such
unfinching, unfaltering devotion as
marks the heroes of the proletariat.
Mother Bloor is a Bolshevik. There
is no higher honor in the world.
1t is the title of a tested fighter
in the revolution who has seen
more than As years of battle.
And yet today, after nearly a
lifelong fighter for the working
class of Oregon. 1t is such
mothers who set examples for
their sons and daughters who will
long be remembered when the
final day comes as pioneers in the
struggle for a New Order. The
workers Ex-Servicemen's League,
through its staff in the National
ONCE, sends condolences.
Important Open-Air Meeting
On Sunday evening, July 8, at
8 o'clock, an open air meeting will
be called by the National Office
of the Workers Ex-Servicemen's
League. A full report on the lat
est developments in the veteran
field will be made. Comrade Levin,
National Chairman, will speak on
the latest activities of the w. E
S. L., the LAC. Seventh Inter-
national congress. Comrades
Hickerson and Wholley will report
on the rank and file activities in
Washington. Comrade Gorren OF
the Tom Mooney Branch of the
LID, will speak on the role OF
the Supporters of the W.E.S.L.
This will be the first of series
of open-air meetings under the
auspices of the National Office to
be held twice a month. New de-
velopmentS will be taken up or
each occasion. Keep abreast of the
veteran movement. Attend this
meeting. II promises TO be most
interesting. Yours truly is sched-
uled for chairman. Now, you've
got to come.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1934-08-29
Steel Operations Approach
Low Mark of March 1888

to be bought. In the meantime
initial purchases for 1885 models
may be expected next month.
Radio makers are taking tonnage
more freely and stove manufac-
turers are boosting schedules in
various districts.
The reciprocal trade agreement
with Cuba, to become effective
September l, promises at least a
partial restoration Of an impor-
tant export market for iron and
steel as well as some forms Of
machinery.
Scrap prices have developed
further weakness, with declines
Of Csc a ton reported at Pitts
burgh, Chicago and Philadelphia.
This reduces the Iron Age COM
posite price Csc to 1892 a ton,
the lowest level since last No.
vember. Current prices for both
pig iron and steel have been re-
affirmed for the fourth quarter
and the Iron Age composite prices
are unchanged at $17.90 a ton
for iron and 2.124c a pound for
finished steel.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1934-08-29
JEWEL TEA PAYS
WAGE EXTRA

A special wage extra" to en-
ployes of Jewel Tea Company,
Inc, including Jewel Food Stores,
has been announced by the board
of directors. -
This will be in the form Of a
bonus to be paid on September Is
to all who are then in the employ
of Jewel Tea Company, Inc, and
were continuously in its employ
from December 81, 1888, to July
IA, 1884, with the exception that
senior executives are excluded from
participation.
In taking this action the com.
pany is dividing a fund of about
$4,000 among $3.50 employees
throughout the organization.
The distribution of the fund
will be on the basis of a 5 per cent
wage or salary extra, commissions,
bonuses or other special awards,
up to a total average income OF
$50 per week.
Those whose average income ex-
ceeded $50 per week will receive
the 5 per cent extra" on the $50
average, but not on that portion
of their income above that figure,
as the intent is to distribute this
money broadly down through the
organization.