davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1934-08-07
Hitler in the Plural.

Having adopted, upon the death of
President Won Hindenburg. the title
"Reichfuehrer and Chancellor" Herr
Hitler added somewhat TO the mySti-
fication of the closely watching world
when, in his obituary address yester-
day before the ReichStag at Berlin,
he referred to himself in the plural
form. That form has from time i'm
memorial been used only by royalty
~H'We" is the prerogative of kings.
Hitler yesterday took it over. His
words are well worth noting;
AS fate has designated us to con-
tinue TO lead the Reich and its peo-
pie. we can only pray 10 Almighty
God that He may vouchSSfe success in
our lsbors and struggles for the happi-
ness Of the world May He also give
us strength at all times 10 stake our
lives for the freedom of our people
and the honor Of the German nation
May He especially. in His mercy, let
us ever find the right way for Seeur-
ing the boon of peace for our people
- TO shelter it from the miSfortuneS OF
war, just as the deceased great one
had ever wanted it, honestly and with
his whole heart.
In other portions Of his address the
Reichfuehrer spoke Of himself as Il. '
The dedication Just quoted. however,
strikes the plural note so emphaticaIly
that the thought arises that he was in
that passage addressing himself point
edly to the exile at Doom. who, it Is
well known. is not without his hnger-
ing hope of restoration TO his former
Imperial status.
Interest passes from this phase Of
the msugural-reouiem TO the refer
enoes In the address to the wish fol
. peace. There is no ssber rafting
THE chancelleries Of Europe can finc
IN this deliversnee no occasion fol
i alarm. If the words Of the Reich
sSsnreF are 70 be taken At their fae'
Evening star., 1934-08-07
Movies and Culture.

There is no immutable reason why
the movies should be moronic. The
cinema, like other machines, is an
instrument which under proper con-
ditions could be Of immense cultural
value Nothing is more unscientihc
than the notion that photoplay pro-
duction necessarily must be low
brow" The qualification of an au-
thentie art form can be explained only
on the ground Of deliberate CONNER
cialization. Producers have aimed at
the lowest common denominator of
public intelligence because they mis-
takenly have believed that by so doing
they could insure box-office. success,
They have pandered TO ignorance, and
it is not too much to say that they
have been guilty of treason to civiliza-
ton in their policy of debssement.
To illustrate the fund of knowledge
and refinement which the moguls of
the industry might draw upon if they
wished. it Is interesting TO examine
the educational background of some
Of the more notable stars and direc-
tors. Nils Asther is an alumnus of
Lunel University. Sweden; Leslie
Banks and Anthony Bushen. of Ok
ford; Tala Biren. of Flrstin- Bismarck,
Austria; Paul Cavsnagh. OF Cam
bridge, Ralph Forbes, OF Denstone,
England; Leslie Howard, of Dulwich:
Boris Karloff. Of London; Ivan Lebe-
def, Of ST. Petersburg; Paul Lukas. OF
Budapest: Herbert Marshall, OF St
Mary's. England; Victor McLaglen, Of
Christian College. south Africa: Greg
Evening star., 1934-08-07
Workers Wages Are the
Only Possible Yardstick
ro the Edltor nf The slar.

10 the Editor OF The Star.
Some yardstick is necessary. espe-
cially when public utility people re-
ceiye incomes higher than the average.
Government competition can reduce
rates by elimination of profits due to
monopoly or special privilege and by
drawing on surplus labor to reduce
costs. However, when comes the time
Of comparative prosperity and fun en-
ployment, with no private monopoly,
Government operation must then com
pete on an equal footing with private
operation. and it is anybody's guess
which will be more efficient; then
such specialization will no longer pro-
vide a yardstiek.
Complete Specialization or Govern
ment operation of everything will not
work; by definition, 100 per cent social
ization is not possible while any man
consumes directly his own labor prod
uct by as little as washing his own
face. Whether any industry ought to
be socialized is a matter OF expedi-
ency. Private monopoly should be
Cl4HiAiAAbCd clSAlcE Dy government Op~
Grafton or by leasing natural monopo-
lies and resources to the highest
bidder; 1t is immaterial whether the
monopoly is auctioned off every year
or leased indefinitely at an annually
assessed rental
After elimination Of monopoly and
special privilege there will still re-
main the old problem of distribution
Of income; Of individual wages. And
no arbitrary fiat Of some bureaucrat
can ever set those wages correctly.
Whether socialization is little or
much, all workers must be free to
choose their occupations, eithsl as
independent producers, as voluntary
co-operatorS, or as Government work
ers. Free choice will make each worker
set his own wage by his own ability
The wage Of the independent worker,
outside of Government employ and
free from monopoly, is the only pos
sible standard or yardstick by which
can be measured the worth and cost
of any service. w. c. DUNCAN.
Evening star., 1934-08-07
SHOOTING STARS.
BY PHTLANDER JOHNSON

The Post Card.
When an August hour is weary
And you do the best you can
To dispel the heat so dreary
With your old electric fan,
Some one sends a post card merry
With a message of good cheer,
And the greeting customary,
How I wish that you were here!'
The waves are sparkling lightly
On some bright, enchanted shore,
Or the mountain moon shines brightly
Pine tree shadows to explore.
And the August hour depicting
Is relieved by gentle cheer
AS the post card brings its greeting,
How I wish that you were here!"
Evening star., 1934-08-07

buoyancy during the upper reaches of
its presence in the stratosphere. prior
to the admittance of large quantities
Of air. Because of the fact that the
rarified air could only enter the bal
loon through the spillway valve at the
bottom, it is apparent that a certain
amount of the hydrogen would be
forced toward the highest portions
of the balloon, until the hydrogen and
air began to lose their identity and
formed a mixture.
X
Upon the occurrence of the fracture
in the fabric covering, which, it has
been stated, happened when the ball
loon reached $4,000 feet. the probable
ity is that most if not all of the hyro-
gen then escaped. Hydrogen which
was in the balloon when the greatest
altitude was attained would have been
unable to create any buoyancy because
of the fact that there was COM
paratively small quantity of it, COM
pared with the inrushing of rarified
air, and the balloon was not in state
of ffotation. The points most suS-
SCPbAblC w uPlhAC 1dDA NONC4-
ing would be the areas where the re-
Sistance to internal pressure was most
decisive, which was at or near the
attachment of the gondola supports.
The assumption in the editorial that
this balloon may have been too large is
perfectly sound. The same mistake
was made in the building Of the re-
Gently constructed airships. The fur
ther statement that scientists will
eventually solve the problem of sue
cessful stratosphere balloon flight is
equally sound, but it must be appar-
ent that this will necessitate the use
of different form of structure than that
now used, which will enable control or
variation of altitude by method other
than the ancient system of removing
ballast for ascension and releasing the
buoyant gas for descending, and that
will assure absolute safety and permit
easy and comfortable landing of the
gondola and the preservation of the
lives of the operators and the record
ing instruments.
GEORGE FERNSTROM.
Evening star., 1934-08-07

some reason for the catastrophe. II
not, rather little has been gained so
far. Man is. this time, up against the
mightiest of almost incalculable forces
in realm Of mystery"
Some editors wonder why 10 is neces-
sary to risk human life instead of
sending robots to seek and bring back
the secrets Of the skies. On this point
the Denver Rocky Mountain News OBJ
serves: Larger balloons carrying more
instruments could be sent to the stra-
tosphere for fraction Of the cost OF
human attempts. Through repeated
flights, through the constant ingenuity
OF scientists. the information to be
obtained probably would surpass that
which it was hoped to obtain In Sat-
urdays valiant effort"
Evening star., 1934-08-07
THIS AND THAT
By CHARLES &. TRACEEELL.

more vithering than any other sort.
It is known in books as well as among
plants. 1t simply means that the old
is disregarded, no matter what its
worth. in favor OF something new,
however poor the new may be.
At first few will admit the poorness
Of the new or the goodness Of the old.
( Then time and experience get in their
good work. Among gardeners this
eventustes in a planting Of old. time
tried things and willingness n be-
lieve beautiful those plants and plant
ings which formerly we're regarded as
hopeleSsly old-fashioned.
The rockery is simply one OF many
olo forms which have a place.
Just what that place is each home
owner must decide for himself.
The rock garden as formally des-
| ignated is a peculiar construction
which often has no more real place in
garden than a rockery.
In between these two oppoSites are
clusters Of small boulders set sQuarely
on the ground. with plants put in be
tween, the whole designated by the
proud owner as a rock garden" He
might as wells place a few bricks
around, put plants between them and
call it brick garden" There would
be about as much sense to one name
as the other.
The rocks should not be the most
conspicuous element in the rock gar
den, nor need they necessarily continue
to be so in the rockery. There should
be enough plants 10 cover them, or
almost cover them. in the formal rock
garden, and the same result may be
obtained in the rockery by the judi
cious use Of trailing vines.
Fortunately the rockery exists plainly
for what it is, without thought of
sophisticated deception on any one's
part. 1t was a creation of the days
when people honestly thought flower
beds in the lawn were pretty" Maybe
they were right. Today that thought
has given away, among many gar
deners, to the belief that borders.
either formal or informal, are "the
more artistic" Between these two
SNliOOAo VI bliOuklb lileTe Will never
be any compromise. nor will it do for
one side to cry "Victorian!" at the
other, as If nothing that is old could
could be good. Happy is he who does
what he likes because he likes it. Only
the rich or the determined have that
privilege, it would seem, and it may
be seized in the small world of the
garden as well as in the larger world
outside.
1t will be believed by some that the
idea of an artistic garden is not as
good as the idea of happy garden.
To be artistic, in this world, means
to meet 6 set scheme of things, to
satisfy some one elses ideas, rather
than ones own.
Many will prefer to believe that
meeting ones own ideas is a much
better scheme, whether it is artistic
or otherwise.
The accent thus is not placed so
much on "the looks" Of a thing as
upon that inner satisfaction. known as
happiness, which it brings to the
holder.
So the old-fashioned rockery. utterly
aside from its possibilities as garden
adjunct, is an aid to happiness, if that
is the way one feels about it.
And the way one feels about 1t, Of
course, is, or at least ought to be,
everything.
Evening star., 1934-08-07
A Presidential Parenthesis.

1t Is perhaps inevitable. but GER
tainly unfortunate. that the newspa-
pers Of the Nation should sift out
from the relative grist Of President
Roosevelt's pleasant discourse upon
the history and charms and usefulness
OF the National Parks System the
thaf Of his most recent attack upon
the existing industrial system. as ex-
pressed toward the end of his speech.
we are" said the President, "on the
threshold Of an important bat
tie 10 save our resources OF agricul-
ture and industry against the selfish
ness Of individuals" And II is also
natural that 1t be this message that
the headlines Of the Nations press
blaze forth for their readers.
The question which suggests itself
TO the thoughtful mind upon the read
ing OF the full text Of the address is
that Of what useful purpose is served
by this form of public utterance. OF
course, the President is sufficiently
versed in the matter of publicity to
know that, of itself, his admirable
encomium of the parks lacked some
what Of the SAVIOR which makes good
: headlines. But even SO. it is hard to
understand why the necessary salt
tbould be furnished by rubbing the
growing sores of industry with that
snnpleasantly corrosive condiment.
Without going into the subject Of
whether the fight to save our ma
tional agricultural and industrial re-
sources from the selflshneS of indi-
vidusls was not started a sufficient
number Of decades ago to make ref
erences TO a threshold somewhat
difilcult OF comprehension this Sum-
nner, it would not be amiss for all to
bear in mind the following facts:
That the backbone of American pros
perity, under any save completely
altered economic system, is healthful
agriculture and industry: that a
number of factors for which neither
OF them can justly be held respon-
kible today bedevil and sicken both
agriculture and industry; that there
is not a great deal of selfshness in
yolved In fighting for life ITSELF and
That tIle best of physicians. while CIV
ing 8 dose of pleasant pap to Mr.
Parks, does not feel 1t inevitably neC-
essary casually to kick the ailing Mr..
Farmer and the groggy Mr.. Industry
in their aching ribs as he does so.
What American agriculture and
/ American industry and, concomi-
ttantly, the American people as a whole
need is for the leaders of the hour
effectively to lubricate rather than to
stick spokes into the too slowly turn
ing wheels of the machine upon which
wages and taxes and security and
progress are dependent. Parenthetic
and vague and largely unjust refer
ences derogatory to the economic sys-
TEN which America has created and
still believes in, are not calculated
to improve the picture,
Evening star., 1934-08-07
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN.

A reader can get the dHs7ceT to
any question Of fact bv urittng The
Washington Erening Star Information
Bureau. Frederic J. Hdsktn. Director,
Washington. d. c. Please inciose
stamp for reply.
@. What are Cavalcsde's earnings
since the Arlington Park Classic?-
r. w.
A. The victory at Arlington Park
arounted TO S30.325. bringing Caval-
cade's earnings up to si26,s65.
@. Please name some Of the build
ings designed by the late CaSs Gil
bert?-W. B.
A. A few of the buildings designed
by the famous architect are: The
woolworth Building. the new Supreme
Court Building. the Custom House in
New York, New York Life Insurance
Building the Minnesota State Capt.
tol and the Detroit Public Library.
@. Where is the Feather River?-K.
Med.
A. It is in Northern California. ris-
ing in the Sierra Nevada Range and
flowing in a southwest direction
through some of the most beautiful
scenery in the State, Until 1t becomes
part of the Sacramento.
@. When Is the historical celebra-
ton TO be held in Orange, ar. r.
A. The Orange County bicentennial
celebration will be held at Orange
September 25 to %. An historical
pageant will show Gov. Spottswood
with his knights Of the Golden Horse
shoe starting out to cross the Virginia
mountains.
@. Please give the legend Of the
hydra with nine heads.-R. L.
A. In Greek legend the hydra was
the offspring of Typhon and Echidna,
gigantic monster with nine heads
(the number is variously given), the
center one being immortal. It's haunt
was the marshes of Lerna by Argos.
The destruction of this hydra was one
OF the IL labors of Heracles. which he
accomplished with the assistance of
Iolaus. Finding that as soon as one
head was cut off two grew in its
place, they burned out the root with
firebrands, and at last severed the
immortal head from the body, and
buried 1t under rock.
@. What is the driest fruit?-E B.
A. The driest of all fresh fruits is
the avocado pear. 1t contains so
much protein that 1t Is more like
meat than fruit.
@. Who founded Bryn Mawr Col
lege?-H. S. c.
A. Bryn Mawr College was founded
in 1885 in order to establish and
maintain an institution of advanced
learning for women, by the will of
DR.. Joseph w. Taylor, member of
the Society Of Orthodox Friends.
O. Why is a certain kind of bottle
or jar called a mijohn?-T. r.
A. The word is an adaptation Of a
French Dame Jeanne, or Dame Jean,
an application of a personal name to
an object which is not uncommon.
@. How old is the new leader Of
Tammany Hall?-L. w. S.
A. James j. Dooling is Al years old.
@. Please give formula for pipe
Joint paste.-W. H. r.
A. The National Bureau OF Stan
dards gives the following formula for
a pipe joint compound: Mix litharge
and glycerin to a consistency of a
thick paint. Be sure that all Jumps
in the litharge are well broken. Do
not mix. at time any more of the
compound than will be used within
one to two hours. as after set takes
place the compound cannot be re-
mixed Pipe joints will harden per-
manently in 3 to A hours.
aAA IL t-t~
@. How much money did Harry
Greb, the fighter, earn?-E. S.
A. Harry Greb made over 100000
Evening star., 1934-08-07

in the ring and left $4,000 TO his
family.
@ Please give some figures indi-
cative OF the size Of the motion pic
ture industry. w. +,
A. There are 1851 motion picture
theatcrs in the United States and
u 600 900 tickets are sold weekly.
Thirty thousand persons are employ
ed on production in Hollywood while
over $50 900 others work throughout
the country in theaters and associated
businesses. To provide the $50 fea-
lures made In Hollywood each year,
7s 600 stories are submitted and read.
One hundred million dollars Is spent
annually on advertising by the In
dustry which pays out that amount
in taxes each year.
@. Do poplar trees impoyeriSh the
SOILS. E.P.
A. Poplar trees do impoyerish the
soil. in the sense that they sap the
moisture out OF the soil and make it
difficult for other plants to obtain
sufficient moisture. This habit OF
BVltAdA hitNN II NaNhNSd hN NAAN INV hAAat
their roots are surficial and do not
descend to any depth.
@. Please give a biography Of the
violinist Geminiani.-b r.
A. Francesca Geminiani, italian
violiniSt. was a native of Lucca and
studied the violin under Lunau
tGobbo) and afterward under Co
relli. He may also have had lessons in
composition from Scarlstu. In l7l4
he arrived in London. where he found
a patron in the Earl of Essex. In Ills
he played his violin concertoS with
Handel at the English court and later
spent much time In Dublin, where he
had a fine house in which he gave
private concerts. After visiting Paris
and residing there for some time. he
returned to England In 1855. On a
visit to Dublin in 1851 a servant ROB-
bed him of a manuscript, an incident
which is said to have hastened his
death. which occurred on September
IT, 1852. Geminiani brought to Eng
land great Improvements in the tech
nique of violin playing.
@. What Is the significance of the
bronze fountain group in the Sunken
Plaza, Rockefeller Center?-C. P. T.
A. The Prometheus Fountain was
designed by Paul Manship and depicts
Prometheus, legendary contributor Of
fire, bearing the gift down to man
kind.
@. How near to completion is the
! geologic map of the United States
that the Geological Survey has been
working on so long2-L o. r.
A. 1t has been completed and pub
lished.
@. How long is the new bridge
across the Golden Gate?-M. II.
A. The new bridge across the Gold
en- Gate in San Francisco, Calf, will
be the longest bridge in the world.
1t has main structure S,940 feet long.
@. What is the Federal debit
G. H. B.
A. As of June 30, 1894, 1t was SAT-
, 053 900 900.
@. What is our equivalent Of the
German loth?-H. M.
A. The German weight known as
the 10th is equivalent to I54.33 grains.
Q. How many Of the Byrd and
Maryland commemorative stamps
have been sold?--E. E. S.
A. According to the latest available
figures, the 3-cent imperforate Little
America stamp issue of 1884 has had
1890, 900 copies sold The Scent
MARYLAND Tercentenarv issue of 1894
has had 2S,4s2, 500 copies sold.
O. What is monel metal composed
of?-B. c. b.
A. 1t consists generally Of rs per
cent nickel, 235 per cent copper. and
IS per cent iron.
Evening star., 1934-08-07

A trained nurse would have won
an air race at Dayton, Ohio, had she
not been disqualified after an event
that cost another woman her life
In a case like this the place for q
nurse would seem to be an ambulance
rather than an airship.
Evening star., 1934-08-07

An octopus attacked divers for
treasure, of the Alaskan Coast. This
incident is in accordance with the
traditional octopus" habit of arrsng-
ing to grab everything even before it
is in sight.
Evening star., 1934-08-07

The Indianapolis theater that ex-
hibits Dillinger's family may aid the
police with some clues through OBJ
servation of possible old friends of the
outlaw who may sit farthest front
and applaud the loudest.
Evening star., 1934-08-07

The first lord of the admiralty re-
fers to the shackles of the London
treaty. A shackle treaty is at least
more binding than one that can be
referred to as a scrap of paper.
Evening star., 1934-08-07

Dillinger put his family In the show
business without meaning to do so.
He would have probably regarded that
way Of making money as tame and
unsportsmanlike
Evening star., 1934-08-07

AS it concerns food supplies, in
terest in supervision of the Chicago
Board of Trade takes precedence over
even the concern about regulating
the New York Stock Market.
Evening star., 1934-08-07
No Water Bootlegging.

From the Louisville CourieF-Journal.
The town Of Creston, Iowa. has
pumped its lakes dry and is import
ing water in tank cars. But in the
case of water, it seems. when the
legitimate supply Is exhausted ths
community Is not infested BY boot.
leRgega.
Evening star., 1934-08-07

Al Smith compares the present ad-
ministration to a Santa Claus. Senti-
ment is so powerful that even Al
Smith would hesitate to refer to
Santa Claus as "balony."