davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1934-05-21
Bulgaria Goes Fascist.

FaScism continues its triumphant
march across Southeastern Europe
Its latest conquest is the turbulent
Balkan Kingdom of Bulgaria. On
Saturday, as result of an obviously
carefully engineered coup d'etat, the
army took unopposed control of the
government at Sofia. declared con-
stitutional democracy and parliament
ary government at an end, and pre-
sented to King Boris for signature on
the dotted line a series of DEGREES that
manifested his supine acquiescence
in the new authoritarian" regime.
Kimon Gueorguieff assumed Office as
premier and virtual dictator under the
nominal rule of the King. Boris, faced
by the accomplished facts, seems to
have succumbed to the inevitable with
the alacrity and completeness ex-
hibited by King Victor Emmanuel
when Benito Mussolini set the Fascist
fashion of overturning old-style gov
ernments at Rome twelve years ago
Bulgaria's embracing of the Fascist
idea follows close on the heels of Doll
fuss Fascist government at Vienna
and strongly suggests that other
Balkan areas sooner or later may be
similarly infected. The Bulgarian
Fascists contend that the parlia-
system at Sofia had COM
pletely broken down and that eco
nomically and politically the coun-
try was steadily drifting f om bad
to worse. On the Mussolini model, a
cooperative" legislature of limited
size will now be set up, to be COM
pletely dominated by the premier and
his cabinet.
A problem threatening the new
regime with immediate difficulties is
the ancient demand Of the Province
of Macedonia for independence, and
the attendant danger of complica-
tions with adjacent Greece and Yugo-
slavia. The FaScists now in control
at Sofia are bitterly opposed to
Macedonia's pretensions. There are
signs that the Macedonians are ready
to do battle for their liberty.
The bloodleSSneSS and lack of for
midable opposition with which the
Fascist coup in Bulgaria was accom-
plished is an augury that conditions
will probably shake down without
widespread violence and result in au-
tomato acceptance of the new order.
Communists, Socialists and other
radical elements have been effectively
suppressed. With King Boris SUBJ
servient and the army compliant,
Fascism seems firmly in the saddle.
For the outside world, the news
from Bulgaria is chiefly important as
fresh indication of the progressive
disappearance of representative gov
ernment throughout Continental
Europe. Dictatorship steadily dis
places democracy. Russia, Italy, Po-
land, Turkey, Germany, Austria-now
Bulgaria. Where will the movement
end?
Evening star., 1934-05-21
WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS
BY FREDERIC WILLIAM VILE.

tions which the Soviet has built up
under his aStute direction.
\ X
Constant requests reach the State
Department for information about the
diplomatic relations which the United
States maintained with the papal
States from 1848 to 1868. The story
is graphically told in a volume en-
titled United States Ministers to the
Papal States, Instructions and Des-
patches" just issued by the Catholic
University Press at Washington, under
the editorShip of DR.. Leo Francis
Stock. Congress terminated the Vati-
can legation by failing to make the
necessary appropriation to maintain
1t. DR.. Stock points out that relevant
documents in the papal archives have
not yet been published, so his COM
pendium presents only the American
side of the negotiations between the
two governments. American Minis
ters to the Holy See included such
men as Lewis Cass and Rufus King.
All Of them were non-Catholics.
What the Richmond News-Leader
terms the glittering prize of a full
term in the United States Senate
without primary contest" goes to
Senator Harry Floyd Byrd, Democrat,
OF Virginia. There were Democrats
who threatened Byrds political life
because he voted against beer, but
they could find nobody with nerve
enough to oppose him in the primary.
The lions share of Virginia patronage
vicissitudeS during the past year has
been left to his younger colleague by
Senator Carter Glass. In the course
of coping with them Senator Byrd
has developed the statutory number of
enmities, but the consensus through
out the Old Dominion is that he is
politically as strong as ever and has
fully earned prospective election in
his own right. after having been ap-
pointed to fill the unexpired term of
Senator Claude A. Swanson, now Sec
retary Of the Navy.
X X X X
There's a priceless yarn making
the rounds about the scrap which
Interior Department officials had with
the War Department in order to get
educational officers into C. C. C.
camps. A survey indicated consider
able illiteracy in the camps. Well"
said certain soldier of rank, who
thought the Army could run the C. C.
c. without schoolmasters, there won't
be no illiteracy when We get through
with the job" The C. C. C. author
tiles won their point and educational
officers are now on duty in most areas.
X \ X X
Saturday, June 9, is the latest date
unofhcially fixed for adjournment of
Congress. Those who name it, at
either end Of Pennsylvania avenue,
admit the wish is largely father
to the thought, for the mountain
of unfinished business still clam
oring for attention in both houses
makes a wind-up in three weeks
highly problematical. Much depends
on the Niagara of words that drenches
the slopes of Capitol Hill on the
tariff bill and on the Democrats abil-
ity to force a vote by the end Of this
week. Republican leaders confiden-
TALLY confess the Jig is up as far as
any hope of defeating the bill is con-
cerned, but they are out to make q
record Of opposition, through attempt
Evening star., 1934-05-21
in danger of another all-enveloping

in danger of another all-enveloping
disaster.
1t is now reported that work upon
the reconstruction of the stockyards,
ravaged by the flames on Saturday
has been started, and that in a few
days accommodations for the i'm
mense numbers of animals shipped
to that center of food distribution
will have been provided. This means
that infiammable materials will again
be used in the construction of the
pens. Speed seems to be the pro-
mary consideration, rather than
safety.
Americas annual fire loss mounts
into the high millions, largely because
of the failure to learn the lessons
taught by past experiences. 1t is pos
/ sible today to construct so substan-
TALLY, of -infiammable materials,
that a great fire is well-nigh impos-
sible. Laws and regulations, how
ever, are not framed with such rigid
ity of requirements as to attain
this standard Of security against the
greatest public enemy, fire. Evasions
are common, with laxity in inspec-
ton, often induced by corruption.
Safety regulations in respect to smok-
Ing are violated, without penalties.
Reliance is placed upon quick dis
covery of a flame and it's immediate
quenching The result is a terribly
heavy toll in needless destruction,
sometimes of life as well as property
Every property owner in the coun-
try pays part of the cost of such
fires, through insurance rates that
are adjusted to the grand total of
annual losses In the absence of a
national standard of security and
safety, this cost is spread through
all the States.
The campaign against crime in
America should be accompanied by
a campaign against fire to the end
of making and enforcing rules of
construction and supervision that will
lessen the percentage of loss. The
fact that fire is needless, if such
rules are made and carried into ef-
feet, should be brought home to each
inhabitant, with demonstration of
the fact that every blaze such as that
which, but for exceptional good for
tune, might have made all of Chi
cago one great smoldering ruin on
Saturday night, takes its cost from
every dweller in the land.
Evening star., 1934-05-21
West Virginian Deplores
Parking Conditions Here
To the Editor of The Star:

To the Editor Of The Star:
am . visitor here-this is my first
time in Washington. the Capital Of
the U. S. 4, the Great Capital Of the
have reid several articles in the
editorial column of your paper since
here about the parking situation and
traffic conditions
was indeed surprised when I ar
rived at the Ihotel and asked the
porter for thel nearest garage. He
told me that I did not need a garage,
as people here keep their cars on the
street all day and all night. Well, I
don't (cant afford that.
I find it very hard to obey the
traffic laws here as one cannot see
the stop signs" signal lights and so
on on account of t he cars parked on
the streets, especially the stop signs
one can't see them With cars parking
right by them. Nould have been
arrested several timds if the police
men here had not used courtesy to
me.
feel sorry for then drivers here
1t is indeed difficult to \memorize all
the signs, and with cara parked on
both sides of the narrow streets here
in Washington. driving a lar is some
job and I hope if ever nome back
here it will be better.
F. A. BLOWERS
Wheeling, w. Va.
Evening star., 1934-05-21

President Roosevelt's S millennial pro-
gram of social and economic legisla-
tion to be submitted to Congress before
adjournment for long-range study, is
likely to figure conspicuouSly in the
coming congressional campaign. The
Democrats will go to the country
on a double -barrelled platform-the
achievements of the new deal to date
and these future plans. Details have
not been disclosed, but they compre-
hend the farthest reaching and most
ambitious scheme of planned humanl-
tarianism ever projected in this coun-
trv. In broad effect. it will constl-
tute an effort to abolish poverty"
It will include old age pensions, un-
employment and sickness insurance,
workmen's compensation, a perma-
nent system of public relief, and
methods of adjusting wages to IVlng
costs. Mr.. Roosevelt desires a joint
committee Of Congress to devote the
rest of this year to exhaustive ex-
ploration of all points in the program.
with a view to legislation in 1885.
The experience which the Nation has
had during the depression and re-
covery period is the lamp by Wnlcn
the committee is to be guided in shap-
ing the reforms which the President
misunderstanding that will carry
the new deal to the nth degree and
enshrine the Rooseveltian era in i'm
perishable glory.
4
Some one piped up at a recent
White House press conference ana
asked whether a certain bill now
pending in Congress was on the
must" list-that is. legislation which
the administration insists upon before
the adjournment In reply F. D. r.
chuckled that there is no such thing
as a must" list; that he has never
told Congress it must" do this or
that. He expressed curiosity as to
how the must" idea ever found Its
way into current discussion OF White
House relations with the Hill
Perhaps DR.. Willard L. Thorp. re-
tiring director of the Bureau of For
eign and Domestic Commerce, whom
the Senate refused to confirm, owes
his troubles to the fact that the po-
litical powers suspect the young Am
herst professor was not F. R. B. G.
Once upon a time DR.. Thorp was an
AL Smith appointee, having served as
chief statistician of the Governors
Housing Commission.
!: X X
Gen. Pershing is sailing for France
for his annual inspection Of American
military cemeteries and battle monu-
ments on the western front. On these
periodical pilgrimages to the scenes
of his World War activities the COM
mander in chief of the A. E. F. does
his level best to travel incog, but old
comrades lover there" insist upon
showing him public honors on every
possible occasion. He will be abroad
until November.
X X X 4
According to local diplomatic re-
ports, Soviet Foreign Commissar Lit
vinoffs present meanderings in West
ern Europe are concerned with his
health rather than high international
politics. Mr.. Litvinoff is not seriously
ill, but he is showing the effects of
the strenuous life he has led during
the past two years in connection with
the strong tietwork of foreign rela-
Evening star., 1934-05-21
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN.

@. Will Gertrude Ederle compete in
any more swimming events?-L. s.
A. Miss Ederle writes: Shall ! say
that the book of my swimming days
is closed? But my interest has not
waned, It never will. presently oft-
ciate at meets and pass on my learn
ings to the coming champions when
ever possible; to instruct Is now my
ambition in life. These past few
months have found me very inactive,
due to an injured back"
@. Is a Texas Lacquer a line drive
over the infield?-B. M. C.
A. 1t Is not. It is looping fly ball
Just beyond the inflelders reach and
too far in for an outfielder to get.
@. What kinds of questions cannot
be handled by your Information Bu-
reau?-C. F. o.
A. 1t is not equipped to give opin-
ions about anything. That Is the
province of specialists. Lawyers give
legal opinions, physicians give medical
advice, but this bureau confines itself
to statements Of fact. Ask any ques-
ton of fact, write plainly and send
coin or stamp for reply. Address
Frederic J. Haskin, director, Wash
ington, D. c.
@. Why Is q travelling salesman
called a drummer?-G. E. N.
A. Probably because the old-time
peddlers in England announced them
selves by beating drum at the towns
end.
Q. Is mariahuana a dangerous drug?
It. H. T.
A. 1t is really Indian hemp and is
defined in this country as a habit
forming narcotic drug. Those who are
habituany accustomed TO the drug
are said to develop a delirious rage
after its administration, during which
they are temporarily, at least. ire
sponsible and liable to commit violent
crimes.
@. What was Anatole Frances real
name?-C. L.
A. This was the pen name of
Jacques Anatole France Thibault. This
notable French novelist was born in
Ao1H ain OlCO III 1871.
@. How long have xylophones been
uSed?-J. T.
A. XylOphones are one of the earli-
est OF the percussion musical instru-
ments known. The name is taken
from Greek word meaning sound
ing wood and Josephus in his Anti
qultles," about AID. 70, speaks of a
festival of xylophony They are also
known to have existed in Africa at an
exceedingly early date.
@. How can sweet corn be parched? q?
H. B. w.
A. Sweet corn makes very desir-
able parched corn. To parch corn. i'm
merse it from two TO two and one-half
minutes in high-grade oil heated to
400 F.. then drain on absorbent
paper The corn may be busted with
salt while it is still on the absorbent
paper.
Q. How much business was being
! done on the open charge account or
installment plan of buying?-C. S.
A. The current debts for family
buying in these categories at the end
Of 1882 was s4,250.0O0, 900.
@. When was the first Federal in
heritance tax passed in this country?
G. E. K.
A. The first kind Of death duty i'm
posed by the Federal Government was
a probate duty enacted in 1893. Leg
acy and succession taxes were levied
| during the Civil War period. A
legacy duty was also imposed during
the Spanish American War. The
Federal Government first entered the
estate tax field in 1916 and has re-
manned in that field since that time
@. Do the suns rays leave the sun
in parallel lines or do they leave per-
! pendicular to the suns surface?-E.
L, T
Evening star., 1934-05-21

A. DR.. c. @. Abbot of the Smithson-
ian Institution says that rays leave
every point of the suns surface In
every direction.
@. Has the Roman Catholic Holy
year ended?-R. G. T.
A. A year of worldwide prayer was
decreed by Pope Plus by a bull ex-
tending the Holy year to all the world.
The Holy year, strictly speaking,
closed on April 2, but the pontiff
made it possible for persons in any
nation up to the Sunday after Easter
in 1885 to gain the jubilee indul-
gence by visiting four churches, to be
designated by the bishops, and offer
ing the prayers.
@. Is the composer of "There1l Be
a Hot Time In the Old Town Tonight
living?-R. e
A. Theodore Metz is living in New
York City and is now 86 years old.
He has just written march called
Prosperity"
@. Is it true that Alexander Ham
ilton wrote Washington's farewell
address?-E. w.
A The authorship is thus ex-
planned by one writer: Thus So
licited, and guided by a preliminary
draft Of WashingbOn'S ideas, Hamil-
ton drew up a farewell address, which.
with various notifications, the Presi-
dent accepted. The pen is Hamil-
toms; acceptance made it Wash
ington's."
O. When is the Feast Of Lanterns
celebrated in China?-D. P. L.
A. 1t is celebrated at the first full
moon Of each year. Tradition says
that the daughter of mandarin fell
neighbors went with lanterns to find
her and she was rescued. THE festival
was ordained in commemoration of the
event.
@. Has Phi Beta Kappa secret
grip?-M. S.
A DR.. Francis w. Shepardson.
editor Of Baird's Manual of American
College Fraternities, says that all So
called secrets of Phi Beta Kappa
these practically being the grip and
motto-were made public over 100
years ago, and there have been no
secrets OF the organization since. The
Phi Beta Kappa grip which is used
now in the ceremony of initiation, but
not elsewhere except on formal occa-
sions, is the same as that used when
Phi Beta Kappa was founded, De-
cember 5, l776"
@. What are the largest and small
est carnivorous animals in the world?
H. c. B.
A. The largest is the Kodiak bear
of Kodiak Island Alaska, while the
smallest is the least weasel Of north
ern North America.
@. Where is the Bank Of Inter
national Settlements?-W. H P.
A. 1t is in Basel, Switzerland. 1t
was opened May II, 1880.
@. When did the first Congress Of
the United States meet?-M. z. H.
A. The first Congress had its first
session at New York City, Septem-
Der 25, 1889. 1t adopted and sub
mitted to the States IL proposed
amendments-a bill of rights. as it
was then and ever since has been
popularly called. Ten of these amend
ments we're ratified. Two Of the orig
inal proposed amendments were not
ratified by the necessary number Of
the States.
@. How many aliens were deported
from this country last year?-G. S.
A. For the fiscal year ending June
30, 1888. 1886 aliens were deported
or left the country under their own
arrangements consequent upon an
order Of deportation, 439 more than
the preceding fiscal year. and It is
the greatest number expelled from the
country in its history
Evening star., 1934-05-21

There can be no doubt that Senator
Borahs criticism is feared. He never
hesitates to express himself clearly
and forcefully on every current topic.
and no man can be wrong all the
time.
Evening star., 1934-05-21

Every time bank robbery is an
nounced Dillinger is mentioned. He
is not only personal offender, but
menace in providing indiscriminate
alibis.
Evening star., 1934-05-21

The Associated Press is exclusively en-
titled to the use for republication Of all
news dispatches credited to 1t or not other
local news published herein All rights Of
publication Of special dispatches herein
are also reserved
Evening star., 1934-05-21
Courtesy.

"What is your idea of senatorial
courtesy?"
Its like any other kind of courtesy" !"
answered Senator Sorghum. 1T rep
resents the ability to remain polite,
regardless of the kind of company
you happen to find yourself in"
Evening star., 1934-05-21

ed amendments and otherwise, that
will stand the G. o. P. in political
stead in days to come. Hot weather
may speed up adjournment.
ax(Copyright, 1934.)
Evening star., 1934-05-21

In the evolution of some foreign
PHILOSOPHERS, debt ceases to be an
obligation to pay and becomes pro-
longed argument.
Evening star., 1934-05-21

When he has a really important
matter on hand, Clarence Darrow at
tends to it himself without calling for
the aid of psychoanalysis.
Evening star., 1934-05-21
s. C.,

Although the heat may grow intense,
Hope for the future still I see,
And I observe with Joy immense
Initials ever bright-"S. c."
The gentle message they have sent
Gives me encouragement, because,
Despite the Summers discomfort,
I still believe in Santa Claus.
Evening star., 1934-05-21

Planning for the United States Gov
ernment is being referred to as per-
petual motion, with a steady increase
of pressure on the accelerator.
Evening star., 1934-05-21
Rate by Carrier Within the City
Rate by Mail-Payable in Advance.
Maryland and Virginia.
All Other States and Canada.
Member of the Associated Press.

Daily and Sunday. I VI. Sl2 90: mo-. ST 90
Sunday only :. j W. $500: mo- SOC
Evening star., 1934-05-21

Jud Tunkins says it pays to be
little tame. An elephant in the Zoo
is much happier than one fighting it
out in the jungle.
Evening star., 1934-05-21
Standing Room Preferred.

From the Miami Herald.
The price on New York Stock ES-
change seats has dropped to 500. 900.
ESen so. we still prefer to stand.
Evening star., 1934-05-21
No Difference.

From the New York Sun.
The French are said to expeSt the
United States to cut their debt to
this Nation. What difference wSuld
that make to the French?
Evening star., 1934-05-21
"Reminiscences.

My friend, oh why should you and
Talk not about the days gone by,
And only seek in spirit meek
To scan Tomorrow or Next Week?
The twilight glow begins to show
The shadows of past, joy or woe.
Why not be gay, as we essay
To find out how we got this way?"
Evening star., 1934-05-21
Imitation Julep.

what is your favorite brand of in
toxicant?"
81 haven't any" answered Uncle
Bill Bottletop. Il don't see the use of
any liquor at all when the hired man
chews some mint and then knocks
himself insensible with a club SOS he
can imagine he has been on spree" I"
"I do not deny that the world is
getting better" said HI Ho, the sage
of Chinatown, "but as it improves, it
makes some Of the people in it seem
worse and worse by contrast"
Evening star., 1934-05-21

Don't let yoh righteous indigna-
ton git de better of yoh judgment"
said Uncle Eben. "I gifts riled when
I sees an automobile speedin', but I
sidesteps jes' de SADIE"
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-06-06

vey Slaughter, Joe Hancock, Georgia
Smotherman, Isabelle Snapp, Bernice
Enrich.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-06-06
WASHINGTON TO
GRADUATE 232
Pageant Program Features
Commencement Exercises
at FieIdhOuSe.

Washington high school will hold
it's seventh commencement in the
f1eldhouse of Butler university at 8
tomorrow night. Two hundred thir-
ty-two seniors will be graduated.
The program, which is in the form
of a pageant, will include:
overture-"Poet and Peasant" 80. Suppe
cessional-"Tannhauser March
...........-.oo,.o,o.a+;r;o. Richard Wagner
Invocation-Reverend Clarence c. Baker
Prayer Rssponse-"send ,P Forth s Thy
spun The Glee Club ''>'
What Is a ,song?" 49,. Pearl G. Curran
Accompanist, Mrs. Frank T. Edenharter
suns Tie Giee Club ~,S,.
Violin Solo-"Melodie'' Sebastian Gluck
Soloist, Ruth Brenton
Accompanist William Peacock
Student Speakers
"Some Permanent Value" Frank Cassell
March of Of Educ cation Smith, Reader
Clofford Ernst-English.
Louis Uhle-Mathematics.
Ethel Hedge-Science.
Lewis BillingS-History.
Naomi AdamS-Language.
Otis Russell-Military Training.
Betty Jean Miller-Art.
Frieda Harper-Music.
John Lewis-Industrial Art.
Robert Copeland-PhySical Training.
Presentation of Diplomas-Mr. Julian
Wetzel. President of Board of Edu-
cation.
Awards-Walter c. Gingery.
March From Alfalfa"
................ MendelsSohn
Ushers From Junior elasticity Sulli-
van, Violet Mitchell, Thelma Martin, Dor
othy M Moore Anna Marie Mcconnell.
Mildred Flake, Marion Drago, Kent Parks,
Arthur Hicks, Mildred Poland, Wilma
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-06-06
Tonight's Radio Tour
NETWORK OFFERINGS

S:00-Vincent Lopez-Musical Cruiser
(NBC).
830-The Bluebirds.
845-This Week in Indianapolis.
9:00-SportS review.
9:15-Gene and Glenn (NBC).
930-The Grab Bag
9:45-PresS Radio bulletin (NBC).
8:50-Emil Coleman orchestra (NBC).
10:00-Walkashow derby
10:15-Carlos Sparenta g. Roberto Moya
tNBC).
10:30-To be announced.
II :00-Al Kvale orchestra (NBC).
11;30-Tom Coakley orchestra (NBC).
12:00-Sign off.