davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Montana labor news., 1934-07-19
STRIKE N E VS.

There are no new developments in
the Strike situation in Butte. The
main activity OF the workers in the
past week has been in the field Of
Politics. Peace is being maintained by
Union Men at the picket lines and
there is a growing and increased soli-
darity among the Unions on strike.
The Corporation has made no effort
to concilliate the strike due to the fact
that its profits are larger than before.
For this reason they would rather
remain closed hoping they can force
the workers to violence and destroy
every vestage of organized Labor in
Silver Bow County. So far they have
not succeeded and it is hoped that the
government will force them to meet the
men for a fair and honest discussion
of terms.
Montana labor news., 1934-07-19
Employment Still Lays
Behind Sept. Level

out
of every five trade union members
was still out Of work in May and early
June, despite slight gains in employ
ment, according to American Fedora
ton of Labor figures. Twenty-four
per cent were working part time. The
Federation estimates the number Of
jobless as 10,267,0 900 in May.
Men and women are still going
back to work, although employment
gains are not so rapid now as they
were in the early spring" says William
Green. Trade union weighted figures
show 2O.7 per cent of the membership
unemployed in April, 200 per cen in
May and 1917 per cent in the first
part of June.
Although winter employment losses
are being gradually regained, Green
notes that unemployment in industry
is not yet back to the September 1888
level, for 100000 were out Of work
in May, compared to 10,108,000 last
September"
More than 100000 building workers
are still out of work, according to
Green, although seasonal employment
gains in April and May put 10000
back to work.
Need is greater among the millions
unemployed than it was at this time
last year." he says. in April 1888, a.
475,000 families were on relief rolls;
in April last year the figure was ap-
proximately 3,S50,000, with about $780,
900 on the ERA work program, or a
total of 100000. Federal payments
for relief were $73,0OO,OO0 last April,
compared to $150,000,0OO for relief and
ERA work program last year. The
increased cost is due to greater need
and to the improvement in relief pay
ments."
Green declares that the continued
serious unemployment is mot receiv-
ing the attention needed" from indus
trialists. Business men in general"
he says, ARE taking no responsibility
for these millions, making no general
effort to get them back to work. The
government alone is caring for them
through emergency relief-though this
provides only a meager living for one
sixth Of them"
Montana labor news., 1934-07-19
Peoples Lobby Question
Candidates For Congress

WASHINGTON. II OPP ques-
tionaire has been addressed by the
Peoples Lobby to all candidates for
Congress this fall, asking them where
they stand on the Lobby's program.
Questions include the matter of max
ing the banking and credit system ex-
clusively a federal non-profit institu-
ton" a government marketing cor
poration; reduction Of capitalization
overcapitalized corporations re-
duction of interest rates on long term
debts, government and non-govern-
ment; a federal housing corporation /;
immediate reduction of tariffs; imme-
date reduction Of expenditures on
army and navy a greatly enlarged"
public works program and redistribu-
ton OF the national income through
federal taxation"
Montana labor news., 1934-07-19
Rail Company Unions
Put ON Sheep Clothing

CHICAGO-(FP)-Meetin behind
locked doors, with reporters excluded,
a couple of dozen railroad company
union fixers recently got together in
Chicago and emerged as the Brother
hood Of Railroad Shop Crafts of Am
erica. I'VE are no longer company
unions of the openly kept variety be-
cause the federal law won't let u.s."
they said in effect. Were a new kind
and we'll have nothing to do with the
American Federation OF Labor"
That they still live in sin was evident,
however, from the fact that l.. T. Hen
derson, regional publicity representa-
tive for the Pennsylvania Railroad,
gave out most Of the information on
what was going on behind the doors.
He wa doing it for a friend, he ex-
planned.
H. c. Kinney, Sacramento, employed
by the Southern Pacific, is temporary
president of the new so called brother
hood, J. I. Mcconnell OF Topeka, en-
ployed by the Rock Island, is temper
airy ecretary-treasurer Another con-
v%ention to elect permanent officers and
ratify the bylaws adopted by this meet
ing will be held in Chicago September
4th.
Delegates from company unions on
10 roads attended, according to the
Pennsylvania publicity man, who list
ed the Pennsylvania, New Haven Bos-
ton & Maine, Wabash, Rock Island,
Illinois Central, Southern Pacific, Init.
Great Northern, Missouri Pacific, FRS
co, St. Louis & Southwestern, Mis-
souri, Kanas & Texas, Minneapolis &
St. Louis, Burlington, Great Northern,
and Santa Fe. In September they hope
to have reformed company union shop
men from Is roads as delegates.
Seven crafts were represented rough
ly corresponding to those in the shop
division of the A. F. Of L. Railway En-
ployes Department, namely, black
smiths, boilermakers, carmen, electrical
workers, machinists, sheetmetal work
ers and power plant employees. Main
tenance of way men were not included,
Claiming to represent l25,000 rail-
way shopmen, the rechristened COM
pany union brotherhood will demand
five places on the national railroad
board Of adjustment which is to have
IS labor representatives Commenting
on this demand, Sec. Burns of the A..
F. Of L. Railway Employees Depart
ment said "That group does not re-
present more than 5000 men altoge-
Their, and those mainly on the Great
Northern and Pennsylvania"
Montana labor news., 1934-07-19

NEW ORLEANS.-(FP)-After Au-
gust / the Fed. Emergency Relief Adm
Illustration will refuse to care further
for Louisianians classed as 'unemploy-
ables' rather than depression victims,
and will expect the state also to care
for a number of additional obligations
which the federal government has been
assuming, Aubrey Williams, acting re-
lief administrator has informed Gov.
Allen, Harry J.. Early, louisiana re-
lief director had recently announced
that about $4,000 unemployables would
be dropped at the end OF July, includ-
ing 1000 mothers who should be re-
c%eiying mothers aid from the state, and
5000 children. The others would in
clude the blind, the sick and the dis
abled.
Montana labor news., 1934-07-19

NEW YORK.-(FP)-One hundred
and six federal labor unions which he
had represented at the Washington
conference of the American Fedora
ton Of Labor in January have been
urged by Walter M. Cook, accountant,
to send competent Spokesman to the
coming convention Of the A. F. of L.
to work for the creation of a depart
ment Of industry unions within the
federation similar to departments of
the building trades, metal trades and
railroad unions.
Montana labor news., 1934-07-19

NEW YORK.-(FP)-An immedi-
ate appeal to the U. S. Supreme Court
against the recent decision of the Ala
bama Supreme Court unfolding the
death verdicts against Haywood Pat
terson and Clarence Norris, two OF the
Scottsboro boys, is to be filed by the
international Labor Defense.
Montana labor news., 1934-07-19
UNIONS NOTICE!

A Special Meeting of all delegates
from all locals in Silver Bow County
will be held Sunday, July 22, at z
P. M. in Carpenters Hall. The
meeting is being held to further dis
cuss plans for a general strike in
Butte.
Montana labor news., 1934-07-19

SALEM, Ore.-FP)-Jews, Irish
and the American Federation of Labor
are creating an underground govern
ment which is sponsoring a social re-
volution in the U. s., said Maj.-Gen.
Ulysses Grant MacAlexander, address
ing the Salem American Legion.
Montana labor news., 1934-07-19

MOBILE, Ala.-(FP)-A Negro
dockworker was critically injured as a
result of the first clash in Mobile be-
tween striking union longshoremen
and strikebreakers.
Montana labor news., 1934-07-19

AKRON, O.-(FP)-Union officials
and unemployed leaders OF Akron
have filed protest against the use of
convict labor on former CWA prof.
ects. The prisoners were sent to work
at the Akron sewage disposal plant,
after work begun with federal funds
had been stopped.
Montana labor news., 1934-07-19
Biggest Losses Suffered in Legislative Slate; Lose
State Senate, Half Of Legislature Endorsements

Although labor in Silver Bow County
won the majority OF its endorsements
it failed TO elect its legislative ticket
as a whole which was the real test OF
the political solidarity Of the Labor
Movement IN this county.
Montana labor news., 1934-07-19

The American standard of
living must be maintained
in order that American in
stitutions may not be sub
ject to perils of discomfort.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-09-21

o SIZES 20" X34"
Q PINK, BLUE, WHITE
oCOLORED BORDERS
@ASSORTED PLAIDS
o ANNIVERSARY PRICE
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-09-21

o New Fall Checks
. New Fall Ginghams
. New Fall Broadcloths
Q Pleated Skirt Effects
o Collar and Cuff
Trims
o Sizes ! to II Years
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1934-07-28

went back after his two daughters.
both young ladies. His wife Is dead,
and the girls are going TO keep house
for their father.
Some men from another train over
took us Ia the forenoon The train is
mostly mules. We have concluded 70
Join them, the OK train travels SO slow.
They all seemed to regret our leaving
very much. Kate Caldwell was over
to see us at noon, and we went over
to their wagon and they showed us
their albums. There are only four
ladies In the train besides Elsa young
Mrs. Light, the two Caldwell girls and
kitty somebody -Idttle Kitty, they US
ua1ly call her. She is with her broth
er. 8 shy little thing Camped at five
O'Clock with the new train. The wagons
are corraled in q circle, and most Of the
tents set inside the Enclosure.
@There are over twenty-five wagons
In the train and over sixty men. A good
many families in the train. Mr.. Cooper,
the captain, has his wife and two chill
dren along.
Thursday. June q. Reached Fort
Reno. Became acquainted with Mrs.
Captain Todd, from Springfield, Illinois,
a bride, married Ia April, starting on
her Journey next day after they were
married. Several Of the soldiers were
down from the fort. There are only
eighty men there. Two gay young
lieutenants are all the officers in COM
mand.
sFriday, June "a. We were walked IN
the night by the sound OF run around
camp. Nearly all the men were up.
Found that the soldiers had been
around instead Of Indians
SUNDAY, June "a. We rested, ana
had the day to ourselves. Nearly every
woman In camp except ourselves has
been washing. They make the excuse
that they haven't the chance to wash
only occasionally, and Is the water Is
good and the wood plenty, they thought
they were excusable FOR washing. Quite
q number of the men, among them
Townie, went out prospecting for gold.
Another man has been shoeing horses
al day.
Covered wagon days also had their
family troubles. MRS. FLETCHER records
on Monday, TIE z5kh suddenly Aaa
CRY came Azr. Smith hiss Killed hza
wifei The men rushed back 70 see T
Il was true. Tang hsxnI 8aEeaeh him
90 TO the first treei' flAey cried T1asy
found the woman Was not dead, only
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1934-07-28

stunned. Her brutal husband had
struck her on the head with the butt o.
his whip. He had been in the habit Of
whipping and abusing her. he was
compelled to travel in the middle Of
the train and given to understand Il
he did the like again he would be treat
ed accordingly.
Wednesday, 9th. Came to Tongue
river. It is quite deep and it took us
some time to cross as we had to raise
the wagon boxes 10 keep them out OF
the water We drove until the middle
Of the afternoon. when the head team
came rushing back with the cry Of In
diansl Two hundred Of themp Nearly
half our men we're out hunting antelope
and buffalo. We coralled Immediately.
The guns were loaded and the Indians
were soon on top Of the hill, urging
us to go down. They refused TO take
anything offered them, insisting on our
coming down the hill This looked
somewhat like hostility, as It was bad
hill and q narrow pass at the foot.
However, we started. The OK train
came up in the meantime and went
down with us The Indians stood IN
lire at the bottom Instead Of two
hundred there we're about ninety. They
did not offer any molestation, and we
drove on q little ways and camped,
forming a long circle The Indians
followed all the way, and men walked
carrying guns. They gave the Indians
some bacon, sugar, flour, ETC., tied the
horses and mules inside the corral and
appointed q double guard for the
night.
Saturday, June 80. AS we neared
the Big Horn river we found that there
were already three trains ahead Of us.
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1934-07-28

NAN0A4NAA OAA Az A~fAAA1A NHAC
May 31sb, Had some sand hills
worse than before. Had to double the
teams going over them. Soon after
noon we overlook q cattle train Of
twenty-three wagons which had camp
ed for the day to rest their stock. AS
our teams were pretty tired we stop
ped over with them until the next
morning. Chen and I washed the mems
clothes and baked some bread.
June 2. - A little before camping
time we came in sight Of an Indian
camp. They were Sioux Indians. One
large, savage looking, big-headed In
dian seemed TO take the lead. He had
a revolver and sabre. He walked out
into the road with all Of the Importance
of general, and leaning upon his
sabre, ordered us to stop. He made
motions for us not to pass and wanted
Billy to come half way to talk to him.
The other Indians stood little to one
side. Our team was ahead, and Billy
only took out his gun in sight and pass
ed on.
I'VE hadn't more than got camped
when the Indians came rushing along
to see us. They were friendly and
brought written papers from Fort Lar
annie to that effect. There was large
opera glass in the train, for which they
offered three ponies. One Of the In
dams begged for some whisky Of Billy
Offered him a pony for two quart
bottles. The squaws came along, too,
with their children, and papooses on
their backs.
June S. Met two Mormon church
trains today Over forty wagons in
each train. Their church trains are
OK trains, with three to five and some
times seven yoke in each wagon. A
small party Of Mormons, few men,
camped near us. They had no wagons,
but pack mules. One Of them came
over to our tent for quart of molas-
ses.
Friday, June 8. Noon camp near
Laramie. There is an Indian camp
here, and the Indians flocked around
while we were eating dinner. After Il
got into the wagon to write an old
Indian came up and seeing me, nodded
and says How spoke to him and he
motioned to know Whose squaw?' Chell
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1934-07-28

We found we should be obliged to lie
over for q chance to cross. One large
train had been there two weeks, an
other four days.
July /, Sabbath. William and
Townie found some old mountain
friends last night who we're just cross
ing the river. We went over with their
train. Two men had been drowned from
the train ahead and they lost mules
and wagons. The wagons had 10 be I'M
loaded and things carried across In the
boats three Of them, each consisting OF
two long, large logs dashed together.
We found plenty OF Indians on the
other side, gazing at us as Though we
were q curiosity"
Here Mrs Fletcher's record becomes
silent until the party reached Virginia
City, ten weeks after starting from Bel
ievue, Nebraska On July 81. Friday
eve. Do you know this is our day OF
rejoicing? We have reached Virginia
City at last Tonight we camped two
and a half miles from the city Billy
and Townie have both gone down 10
their shop at Highland. three quarters
Of q mile distant. We reached Virginia
City at noon. can hardly tell you
what my feelings were, on my impress
siOns Of the place, as reached that
long talked Of, long looked-for place. It
looked strange and new to me, and
different from anything I had ever
seen before. Billy stopped in the city
only a few moments to buy few tim
pans and some flour and butter. Small
pans were only $50 apiece, -four t14
per sack for 100 pounds, and butter
125 pound"
Thus ended pioneer honeymoon, TO
be followed by pioneer home making.
the influence Of which has spanned the
decades Of AE0utana's growth and de-
velopment until today third genera
ton Of Mrs. Fletcher's descendants are
native citizens o. Montana.
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1934-07-28

party had come to the new road called
'Bozeman's Cut-O4f known as a much
shorter route 70 Montana than the
other, known as Tsander's Cut-Off'."
The party had been warned Of the
possibility Of Indian trouble along the
Bozeman trail At Fort Laramie Mrs
Fletcher recorded the Indians had
been called to the fort for a treaty.
This was the attempt Of 1866 to bring
about peace between the Indians and
the whites as regards the fine hunt
ing country trayersed by the Bozeman
trail. The Indians were adamant IN
demanding the country be reserved TO
them and the road be abandoned. At
this conference, Just q few days after
the Fletcher party had passed Fort
Laramie, Chiefs Red Cloud and Man
Afraid Of hts Horses informed General
Darlington, then on his way to estab-
lish forts along the Bozeman trail, that
the Sioux fighting men had not come
TO the conference and he would have
to fight them on the road north. The
government threatened to keep the In
dians at the fort all summer, OF until
the treaty was made. The treaty was
not made, however, and Indian troubles
finally forced the abandonment Of the
forts in 1863 Almost on the heels Of
the Fletcher party came the initial
outbreaks which wrote blood into the
history Of Montana migration from
Fort Laramie to the Yellowstone.
Mrs. Fletcher continues: Monday,
18th Kate Caldwell brought over q
plate Of antelope meat Mr.. Caldwell
Is captain of the train, and a very
pleasant man, formerly from Pennsyl-
vania. He has been in Montana for q
few years past. farming. Last fall he
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1934-07-28

wet am sure I shall never COM
plain as long as am as comfortable as
am now. We have plenty Of every
thing good in our large wagon. We have
dried apples, peaches, prunes, and cur
rants, canned peaches-tWo cases OF
them, each containing two dozen
cans-canned green corn, oysters, a
case OF blackberry wine, sixteen quarts
Of tomato catsup, and 1 don't know
what all. We have five hundred
pound sacks of flour, bacon, ham, cod
fish, potatoes and butter, plenty Of tea,
coffee, sugar, mOlasses, and vinegar.
Perhaps you would like to know how
we have our meals. At night we US
uaIly camp at four or five o'clock.
-Four is the usual hour. Our little cook
stove is unloaded from q rack made
for it at the back of the wagon. The
fire Is built and the tent up in quick
time. We cook some things, but US
ually warm up things left over from
morning. We take the endboard OF our
large wagon, which is quite a large
board, and put 1t across our two pro-
vision boxes, put around our tin dishes,
set the food out and proceed to seat
ourselves wherever we like to eat. We
have three chairs and several small
boxes used to feed the horses In, so we
make out very well for seats At
noon we usually camp at eleven o'clock
and stop for an hour and half or two
hours. We only take off the trunk
which we carry provisions in.
"wednesday, May %. Saw several
large trains across Wood river one Of
them nearly mile long. Came up
with train at night, mostly bound for
Oregon. Besides, there was a large
cattle train" CThis was Nelson Story's
train with some 5000 head Of cattle,
the first ever brought up the trail from
Texas.
''May Is. 49, We have travelled at
the rate of over thirty miles a day this
week.
sabbath, 9th. Our oregon wagons
have left us. They wouldn't lie over on
the Sabbath, and we're up and away
quite early. There were four wagons
stayed with us, and another came up
quite early. one Of the men
washed his clothes today, and one wo-
man (the only one In the train besides
ourselves) did out her washing. She
is an Oregon woman, and has been
there for fifteen years. She says that
she has crossed the plains before, and
shall wash when she gets the oppor-
tunity. Chell and preferred not to
have our washing done for the pres
emit, rather than employ our Sabbath
that way. It seemed rather a strange
Sabbath, away by ourselves in such q
quiet place. I thought of the Sabbaths
In Cuba, and wished that might
transport myself to our little church
and enjoy its privileges. Not that I
wished myself back, but the days are
usually all alike to many who travel
on the plains.
Tuesday, 18th. Had to pass over
some sandy bluffs today. They were
very steep and hard pulling for the
horses. Everybody walked.
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1934-07-28

/ pointed to Billy, and he stood talking
for some time. Two young Indians came
to the back Of the wagons and looked
curiously in.
Saturday, June g. AS we neared
Fort Laramie q soldier came out to
meet us and inquired for the captain
of the train. On being told there was
none, he informed us we would be
obliged to organize before proceeding
further, as they we're not allowed to
pass with less than 30 men, We camp
ed short distance from Fort Laramie
to organize. A Mr.. Caldwell was elect
ed captain, and paper was drawn
stating that he had been chosen by the
train, and signed by all the men.
June 10. Camped between five
wagons bound for Oregon and cart
bound for Montana. In one Of the
tents they we're having morning pray
ers. 1t was a sound which / had not
before heard ON the plains, and brought
many hallowed memories There is a
large family of them, the father and
mother and seven children, q cousin,
and the grandfather and grandmother
who are nearly eighty years old. They
had been obliged to lie by on account
OF an accident when a little child four
years old fell ont Of the wagon and
the wheels ran over his head and thigh.
His head was badly cut and his thigh
broken. They had been there several
days and the child was getting better
Thursday, June IA. win stands
guard tonight They stake part Of the
horses and leave the rest. and one Of
the boys stays out until midnight and
another the remainder Of the night.
They didn't watch the stock the first
part Of the journey.
June IS. saw a grave a little be-
fore noon. We often pass graves by
the roadside; most of them have the
name on a small piece Of board at the
head Of the grave.
Saturday, june 10. Had several
wagons come In last night to join our
train The remainder Of the wagons
were bound for Oregon. Our Oregon
people went with them. We all trav-
eied together yesterday, or nearly to-
gether. 1t made long train Of us"
Here Mrs. Fletcher mentions the
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1934-07-28

Steam sterilization Of cans by milk
dealers isn't absolutely safe unless the
cans are thoroughly dried out. Cans
which are sterillzed but not wiped ont
and left covered Ia q warm place win
show rapid development o. bacteria
Cans should be steamed, dried, return
ed 70 the dalryrnan quickly and then
left uncovered IN 3 dry place protested
from dust
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1934-07-28

Is Is my humble prayer that I may
be q some llse IN my day and genera
ton. Hosea Hail0u
Evening star., 1934-12-27
NYE REMEM MBERED

Book About Russia.
Chairman Nye of the Senate Num-
tions Committee received a Christmas
present from Irenee du Pont, whose
powder company his committee is in
vestigating.
1t was q book making critical an
nalysis Of government ownership in
Russia and the Soviet experiment in
general.
Du Pont also sent copies of the
book to other members Of the COM
mittee.