davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1934-03-09

As time passes, as he sets up more
tanks. and gathers into them varying
species,g he finds q curious dissatis-
faction growing in him.
Somehow he catches a glimpse, now
and then. Of . certain dissatisfaction
there in the water before him.
These three-spot Gourami, and
these Scalare, they are in the same
tank, but they do not mix. The en-
tire crew seems unhappy. after reach
ing certain size, for fishes, the same
as human beings, suffer from nerves
as they grow older.
The experienced fancier, through
using separate tanks in breeding,
comes to see that the aquarium de-
voted to a single variety possesses a
special atmosphere which . COM
munity tank seldom has.
No doubt this is why 50 many Of
the dealers tanks are SO attractive.
Mostly they keep one sort of fish to
q tank. What is prettier, more lively,
for instance, than q tank OF Zebra
fish, or Of Pearl Danios?
A mixture Of fishes, no matter how
pleasing to the eye, in time comes to
bore the man who has been keeping
them for several years.
He sees at last that a fish is 4 fish.
Like the man who grows roses, who
comes In time to realize that one real
bloom often Is better than a dozen
mediocre ones, the fish fancier puts
more accent on quality than quantity.
But he Is able to eat his cake and
have it, too, in a sense, because when
he concentrates on the single variety
tank he finds that he makes condi-
tions so good for his charges that
they wax and multiply according to
the old injunction. If fishes in the
home aquarium find conditions to
their liking they cannot be kept from
breeding. whereas nothing can be done
to make them breed If they do not
like their home, their food, their sup
ply Of oxygen, etc.
1t Is but natural, indeed, that Cup
pies in tank all to themselves would
build up conditions more to their lik-
ing than when mixed in with other
and almost invariably larger crea-
lures.
Water conditions are subtle things,
depending on an array of factors,
some of which are and some of which
are not under the command of the
intelligent aquarist.
II we conceive of the aquarium, no
matter how large, as a mere pocket
Of water, say an eddy in a natural
bay. we may believe easily that it
would be better pocket for Platties,
for instance. If there were nothing
but Platties (moons) in the same
place.
This idea becomes intensified under
the artificial conditions of the home
tank. II the fishes are all the same,
they are more at home, and have less
They make their own surroundings,
In sense, and to certain degree.
II they are fishes which build up
an acid water, such as Scalares (angel
fish, then the water in time becomes
their sort Of water, no matter how it
starts out.
If they are livebearers, such as Cup
pies. or Platties, which tend to build
up water with an alkaline reaction,
in time the tank becomes exactly their
sort Of aquarium
This is the theory Of the thing. and
it works out that way. The fishes in
such a tank never suffer from the
piscatorial blues. but live out their
little lives in a way both pleasing to
themselves and to their god. the vast
Hand. which. at the appointed hour.
dispenses nourishment to them daily.
Evening star., 1934-03-09
No More Tax-Free Bonds.

The administration, through the
Secretary of the Treasury, has put
itself on record in favor of the tax
ing of all Government securities, Fed
eral, State and municipal. Appear
ing before the House Judiciary Com
mittee, Mr.. Morgenthau urged the
adoption of a resolution by Congress
to submit a constitutional amendment
to the States providing for such tax
alton It should be clear enough to
any one that large slice of the
wealth of the country-about $40
600 900 ,O0O-should not be permitted
to escape taxation under the Consti-
tuition and the existing laws which
permit the issuance Of tax-exempt
Government securities. It should be
doubly clear in these days when the
Government needs increased revnue
in order to meet the high cost of
Federal relief and when the States
have a similar need.
The demand that the exemption of
Government securities from taxation
particularly the income tax-be
wiped out is not new. It has been
proposed by other administrations and
by other Secretaries of the Treasury,
among them Secretary Andrew w.
Mellon and Secretary Ogden L. Mills.
A serious effort was made only few
years ago to obtain the adoption of a
resolution providing for a constitu-
tional amendment such as that now
proposed by Mr. Morgenthau. 1t
failed to receive the necessary two
thirds vote In Congress.
The injustice Of taxing part of the
wealth in the country and letting an
other part 60 free Of taxation has be-
come more and more apparent as the
huge sums in Federal; State and
municipal bonds have developed in re-
cent years. It has bssn argued that
Evening star., 1934-03-09

The Presidents proposal to place
all telegraph, telephone and radio
operations under control Of a new
commission arouses some favorable
comment, but also much emphatic op-
position to any new Federal powers
that might hold the possibility of
censorship.
Assuming that the Presidents mes
sage looks toward rational supervision
''in the longer future" the Wall Street
Journal holds that "the only imme-
diate step in the region Of practical
affairs which the message suggests Is
the unification on one body of powers
now somewhat awkwardly divided be-
tween the Interstate Commerce and
Federal Radio Commissions" The
Journal observes that he suggests pro-
vision "for the commissions study OF
the communications business, with
recommendations for further action
at the next session" The Journal
concludes: what the message out
lines is prudent approach to the
handling of problem far from
pressing in nature. on which no little
preliminary work remains to be done.
The Dill-Rayburn bill would, on the
contrary, institute an elaborate sys-
tenn of Federal control of telegraph
and telephone rates and services
without awaiting the results of the
inquiry which the President regards
as essential"
'What the President wants" ac-
cording to the Scranton Times, sis a
study of the whole problem by q
special committee so that definite
recommendations can be made to the
next Congress. Telegraph, telephone,
wireless, all operate interstate. so
that many believe control or regula-
ton could be more effectively done
by the Federal Government than
through the States"
Emphasizing the same point, the
Danbury News-Times states that
there Is foreshadowed q closer rela-
tionship among the several branches
of communication" The Buffalo
Times believes that "its final impor-
tance will depend upon the Presidents
selection of persons to man the new
agency" while the South Bend News
Times calls It "a concentration of au-
thority." The Bergen IN. J) Evening
Record concludes that, providing the
regulations do not interfere with the
safety snd yield on the stockholders
investments in the companies, pro-
tests are likely to be few"
Opposing the whole idea and de-
claring that it is dangerous to let
even the bare censorship mechanism
be set up," the San Francisco Chron-
icle takes the position: If this de-
mand means merely to transfer to
one new body the existing authority
now held by the Interstate Commerce
Commission over telegraph and tele-
phone companies and that of the
Federal Radio Commission over wire
less, with no increment Of powers,
that would set up no possibility OF
censorship in addition to that already
existing In the case Of radio. II, on
the other hand, such q Federal COM
mission, with authority over tele-
graphs. telephones and radio. were to
be clothed with q power to license the
telegraph and telephone as radio is
now licensed. then the mechanism
would be ready at hand for censor
ship II there were viii to use Il. And
Evening star., 1934-03-09
Good Government VS..
Good Citizenship

To the Editor of The Star:
Some of the residents Of this city.
those owning automobiles mostly,
complained lately of the delay Of
the District Government in removing
snow from the streets in the down.
town section. Living in Brightwood
Park, noticed that the District Gov
ernment had q hundred or more men
in this suburban section, with several
snow plows or machines. to remove
snow from the streets. In fact. the
street was cleaner than the sidewalks,
and I did my walking in the center
Of the street instead Of walking on
the slushy sidewalks Some Of the
residents left the snow on the side
walk until Old Sol cleaned it on for
them, rather than give some worthy
poor person nifty cents to do it for
them. Perhaps this situation might
be very nicely taken care Of II the
Government would restore the snow
law, excepting all vacant-lot owners.
such vacant lots as aforesaid being
scarce in the city proper.
E. r. ANDERSON.
Evening star., 1934-03-09
Air Parity.

For many years now the term
parity" has been familiar to the
world with respect to naval power
1t came into popular usage with the
demand of the United States at the
washington Armament Conference of
1922 for parity with Great Britain
ut sea.
Now parity in air power has be-
come an international issue. 1t was
stated in the House Of Commons
yesterday that Great Britain Is "un-
willing to accept position of con-
tinuing inferiority in the face Of
rapidly expanding air forces in the
United States, Japan, Russia and
other countries" The government's S
announcement was regarded as
serving plain notice that the British
will be content with nothing less than
parity with the strongest air power.
Although government spokesmen
ctitSoCo tilC ldI &c dPpl 1dllOIlS CO1-
templated for expansion OF military
and naval aviation In the United
States. 1t is not American air fleets
that Britain views with alarm. It
Is the air forces of Continental
Europe-and especially Of France and
Germany-that are really in the
British mind when 1t conjures up
perils to John Bulls islands from the
sky. Ever since NJ Bleriot flew the
Channel from Calais to Dover in 1910
and proved that England is no longer
an island" 1t has been painfully
apparent to Britons that the danger
OF invasion and attack by air is,
from their standpoint. an ever-present
one. The realization was terribly
brought home to them when London
and other cities were periodically
damaged by German air squadrons
during the World War.
Recurrent disarmament negotia-
tions have generally comprehended
air forces, but efforts to limit these
have proved as fruitless as attempts
in other military branches. Stanley
Baldwin told Parliament on Thursday
that If air limitation negotiations
continue to be unsuccessful, Britain
will take such steps as are necessary
"to keep any other country from strik-
ing distance Of our shores" Coinci-
dent with that statement, it was an
nounced that the British will spend
roundly SOS, 900 900 more this year
than last on defense armaments, in
Guiding substantial increases in air
equipment. The total provided for
air armaments alone is in the neigh
borhood of s85 900 900.
In the course of the Commons de-
bate Winston Churchill stressed the
capacity Of Germany to develop into
. mighty air power. That prospect
has caused the French latterly to re-
consider their air program with q
view to expansion. Even in the Far
~ aiy power has become Q bone Of
Evening star., 1934-03-09
Safety and Responsibility.

The two compulsory automobile Na-
bility bills which received sympa-
thetic consideration by the subcom-
mittee on streets, avenues and traf-
fic Of the House District Committee
yesterday may rightly be regarded as
among the most important local
measures facing this busy session of
Congress. There Is no good reason
why these very necessary measures,
drawn in the interests of safety and
protection Of lives and property,
should not be enacted.
One thing that commends both
bills is that they impose minimum
of financial hardship on automobile
owners and drivers. The So-called
safety-responsibility bill sponsored by
Representative Mcleod of Ohio-which
is modelled on the law adopted by
twenty-one States, including Virginia
and Maryland, and by six provinces
Of Canada-assumes at the outset
that the automobile driver Is careful
and law-abiding. The burden Of
proof that he Is otherwise, and that
he should be compelled to assume
liability insurance, rests on the State
1t Is only when the driver is con-
victed Of driving while intoxicated,
driving recklessly or leaving the scene
Of an accident involving personal in
jury that he is compelled to assume
financial responsibility to regain his
lost drivers license. The effect of
the law in other States has been to
expell from the roads the dangerous
and irresponsible drivers who cause
most of the accidents, who infiict
most of the damage to the property
and persons Of law-abiding and in
nocent people. If there is criticism
of this measure, it should rest on the
ground that it does not go far enough.
No person should be given the privi-
lege OF operating an automobile on
the streets under the crowded condi-
tions OF trafflc today without being
able to assume financial responsibility
for the damage he may cause.
The necessity for the taxicab liabil-
ity law, sponsored by Representative
Mary Norton. is we'll put by Theo-
dore F. Behler of the American Auto
mobile Association:
1t is inconceivable that public car
riers are allowed to operate in the
National Capital without any form
Of guarantee that they can or will
compensate their passengers, private
car owners and pedestrians for in
juries or damages caused by taXicabs
Such a condition is nothing short of
criminal negligence.
The record Of taxicab accidents is
impressive. In 1892 taxicabs injured
800 pedestrians and killed nine. Some
fourteen hundred private automobiles
were damaged in collisions with cabs
And as the local courts have pointed
out, judgments against taxicab owners
and operators are of doubtful value.
The taxicab operators for the most
part are anxious and willing to have
this condition corrected by requiring
q bond for drivers as evidenced by
testimony at the hearing yesterday.
The only serious difference of opinion
seems to be whether the law should
state the amount Of the bond or, as
in the case of the proposed legislation.
leave the amount of bond to be fixed
by the Public Utilities Commission,
which would enforce the act.
Certainly these bills should be ex-
pedited, and made law at this session.
Evening star., 1934-03-09
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
BY FREDERIC ]. HASKIN.

disease. which has decimated the
Eskimo population in many districts.
@. When was the chinchilla rabbit
introduced into the United States?--
p. c..
A. In 1918.
O. How many cable lines has the
Western Union to Europe2-W. v. z.
A. This company has eight indi-
vidual cable lines, with four machines
operating simultaneously on each line.
This gives it thirty-two cable chan
nels.
O. Where was John Wilkes Booth
born?-F. T. E.
A. He was born and reared on his
fathers farm, near Bel Air, Md.
@. How many millionaires are there
In England?-J. r. w.
A. There are 1893 millionaires In
Great Britain, ESQ. 900 being regarded
as millionaire's income. The number
has been reduced by 127 within q
year.
@. What Is the plot Of the opera
Tales Of Hoffman"?-B. r.
A. This light opera by Offenbach is
based on three tales by the German
author e. T. A. Hoffman. The play
deals with the love affairs and ad-
ventures Of the poet Hoffman, which
he recalls over the wine in O Nu-
remberg tavern.
O. What was called the golden age
Of Latin literature?-F r.
A. This is also known as the classi-
cal period and extended from about
81 BIC. to IA AID.
@. How many fires have there been
at the White House?-E r. N.
A. Since the White House was set
on fire by the British forces in 1914.
a blaze occurred in 1866. destroying
the conservatory; a small fire occurred
in the administration Of President
Coolidge, in the kitchen. with little
damage, and two small blazes In the
Wilson administration. The last blaze
was in 1929, when the executive Offices
were damaged.
@. How old is Richard Cromwell.
who is playing in Carolina" and
what is his real name?-C. K. G.
A. He was born in Los Angeles on
January 8. 1910. Roy Radabaugh is
his real name.
Q. What is the name of the press
radio agency which has jurisdiction
over the news broadcasts now?-M. K
A. The press-radio bureau Of the
Publishers National Radio Commit
tee is the recently created news
agency. 1t is located at 551 Fifth
avenue, New York, N. Y.
@. What do stamp collectors call
the differences in ink shading in
stamps?-J. S.
A. Philatelists use the term char
acteristics to describe such differences.
Q. What kind of grass seed is used
for the lawn at the Pan-American
Union Building?-R. J. r.
A. The lawn is seeded with italian
rye and red top.
@. Please tell something Of the
stratosphere flight which will be made
in the United States.-W. S. j.
A. The flights will be made by the
United States Army, in conjunction
with the National Geographic So
ciety, in June and September. The
pilots will be Maj. William Kepner.
pilot of every kind of aircraft, and
Capt. Albert w. Stevens, air photog-
| raphy expert. Their balloon, which is
being constructed by Goodyear-z -zeppe-
lin. will have a capacity of 5000 900
cubic feet of gas. 1t will be flve times
as large as the Navy balloon which
made the stratosphere flight and
three and one-half times as large as
the Soviet balloon.
@. How many golf balls are sold
annually in the United States7-L. P.
/ A. About 100000.
! O. When did Joe Miller, Of Joke
| Book fame. live?-G. U. S.
/ A. He was born in 1884 and died
| in 1913.
Evening star., 1934-03-09
THIS AND THAT
BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL.

Latest researches In amateur fish
culture show that some animals have
an alkaline reaction, others an acid
reaction.
The home tank which contains GER
tain types Of popular exotic fishes will
show an alkaline water tendency,
whereas the aquarium which holds
other sorts may be definitely acid.
If fishes with various reactions are
kept together, in the widely popular
community tank" so-called, the re-
suit may be q water condition which
Is good for some of them. bad for
others.
This is beginning to loom on the
amateur aquariSts horizon as one OF
the best reasons for keeping similar
fishes by themselves, in tanks devoted
to similar families.
1t Is not the only reason for so do
ing. however.
The best reason. from the every
day standpoint. is that the piscatorial
picture presented by the all-guppy
tank, or the all-moon tank, for in
stance. is by far the finest to be at
tanned.
This will be disputed by fish
fans" now in the grip Of vogue for
the community tank"
Such a tank Is, at its best, an AMI
mated and picturesque scene.
At its worst-and this, alas, Is too
often seen-it is a mere watery catch
all for vastly dissimilar types OF
fishes. fishes which never In nature
would swim toOether, and perhaps
ought not so to swim even in the ar
tificial confines of the glass tank.
Some fanciers pride themselves on
gathering together in one group fishes
from India. South America, the north,
south, east and west of the Seven
Seas, in fact.
The result is more appealing to the
tyro in this fascinating hobby than to
the experienced fancier who has lived
long enough with his fishes to catch
something of their own spirit.
A fish have a spirit?
Nothing could be more true: the
fascination of the watery world ex-
tends to its principal living creatures
Fishermen talk of nothing but fish
amateur fish culturiStS talk of moth
ing but fish.
Sailors, who sail the seas, talk of
nothing but the ocean and the things
Of the ocean.
All of these men. although many OF
them do not realize it. are under the
spell of fish life.
Perhaps it is the very primitive
quality Of the fish which eXerts what
We have called here the fish spirit.
Something there is about a fish, nc
matter how little it may be- which
extends into the huge past of all OF
us. making us realize, if We stop to
think about such things at ALL that
this creature has a past Of vast an
tiquity.
The primitive in the fish appeals To
the primitive in the man.
Deep calls to deep. as it were.
The result is that persons who come
under the fascination of fishes are
truly bewitched.
If We apply this thought to amateur
fish culture, We find that the expert
enced fish fan" has come to look
upon those small worlds, his tanks
from the special standpoints of his
pets.
The beginner looks at them en-
tirely from his own viewpoint.
He throws as many different kind;
| of animals as he can into one tank
congratulating himself upon the re-
! suits.
Evening star., 1934-03-09
Go the Whole Way!

The Presidents suggestion for .
general lowering Of interest rates on
the outstanding $250, ,o0o, 900 900 worth
of public and private debts seems to
have struck a popular chord every
where. but while we're on the sub
Ject, why not do away with interest
altoGetha12 ---
Evening star., 1934-03-09

Faith In the intelligence Of the
public does not waver, although the
number Of investigations an average
citizen is supposed to follow with
analytical accuracy calls for an as
semblage of intelligence that would
provide any brain trust with innumer-
able shareholders.
Evening star., 1934-03-09


A. The National Ski Association
Of America says that it Is certain
form Of skiing. It is downhill race
against time over . distance, usually,
of from 500 to 1000 feet. It's pur-
pose Is to test skiiers' ability to ira
verse this distance, making series
of turns and keeping the skis under
control. The course is defined by
pairs of flags, through which the
skier must pass. The flags are set
at various angles to test the skiers In
making the turns without knocking
the flags down.
@. What Is meant by open shop
and closed shops. w.
A. In industry a closed shop Is one
in which only members of the unions
involved are employed. An open shop
Is one in which both members and
non members Of unions are employed.
q. What is the purpose Of the
Haskin Information Bureau?-E. G.
A. Its single purpose Is to be OF
service to newspaper readers. 1t is
equipped to answer the questions
which are troubling you. Please send
your questions legibly written to this
newspapers Information Bureau, Fred
eric j. Haskin, Director, Washington,
D. c., inclosing coin or stamp for
reply postage.
@. Was whisky blended before pro-
hibition?-T. C. C.
A. The blending Of liquors was
known before prohibition. Blended
whisky is a mixture Of two or more
whiskies. In these days 1t is claimed
that some blended whiskies contain
q little aged whisky and a pre-
ponderance of newer liquor.
Q. Who was John -Nokes?-
E. r. S.
A. John-a -Nokes and John-a-Stiles
were names formerly given to un-
known persons in legal actions. John
Doe and Richard Roe fall In the
same category.
@. To what house does King Leo
pold belong?-F. G.
A. The new King bears the name
Of his great-great uncle. Leopold Of
Saxe-Coburg -Gotha. first King Of the
Belgians This famous clan by
descent and alliance through mar
riage is linked to most of Europe S
royal families.
@. How long have oil stoves been
used?-M. L.
A. OIL stoves for domestic use did
not become common until about 1875.
The earlier types were simply large
lamps burning kerosene.
@. What was Sir Walter Raleigh
supposed to give the English govern
ment in return for the land given
him in America?-M G.
A. Queen Elizabeth granted Sir
Walter Raleigh a patent which gave
him and his heirs proprietary right
over all territory they occupied on
payment of one-ffth Of the products
Of all mines of precious metals to the
crown.
Q. How many members has sPhi
Beta Kappa. the scholastic fra
ternity?-H. H.
A. There are 10000 members OF
the society and ll9 chapters.
@. Is there a new Governor OF
Hawaii?-M. r.
A. Joseph B. Poindexter took Office
on March /.
@. What rivers empty into Boston
Harbor or?-M E. B.
A. Three rivers now into Boston
.Harbor-the Mystic from the north
west. the Charles from the west and
the Neponset from the southwest.
@. How many Eskimos are there?-
c. L. B.
A. There is no exact census of
Eskimos in the world. There were
probably 100000 living along the
coasts Of the Arctic Ocean from
Alaska to Eastern Greenland before
contact with the white man brought
Evening star., 1934-03-09

Gen. johnson is calling for another
as to whether the love Of reward is
more powerful than the fear Of pun
tshment.