davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
La gaceta., 1934-03-20
REORGANIZATION DEL SIS.
TEMA MONETARIO GU.
BANJO

Habana, Mario 20.-Un con
seJo de secretaries Sc celebr6
anoche, presidido por Ell coro-
mel Mendieta.
Sc trat6 de Ia reorganization
del sistema monetario cubano
Y e, establecimiento de I'm ban
co nacional para emitir certifi-
cados de plata.
La gaceta., 1934-03-20

"A M~AQUINARIA EN- LA
D~ECADENTE INDUSTRIAL
TABACALERA.-EL PUE-
BIO LOS ELIGIO Y AL
PUEBLO TOCA CAST
GARLOS.-LA MUY ACCI-
DENTADA VIDA DEL SR.
A
La gaceta., 1934-03-20

Ell gobernador Sholtz estudia
hoy ell infOrme del gran jurado
de este condado, uno de los in
formes mas impOpulares que
La gaceta., 1934-03-20

Cada maquina de anillar, de
las que hay en- las fabricas dc
esta ciudad, desplaz6 a seis o
siete obreras, en- beneficio ex.
elusive de sus duenos Y detri-
mento de las familias de los ira
b~ajadores.
Ahora Sc va a instalar una
maqUina de anillar automatica
en- una fabrica de Ybor, que
dejara sin empleo, cada una, 2
Tres obreras.
Las maquinas, asi utiliza-
das, ganaran la miseria de los
hUmildes y aumentan la rique-
"a de los poderosos.
blonde van a ser empleadas
las obreras que las maquinas
automaticas de anillar arrojen
a la Gale?
Ell industrial ganara un tantO
por ciento mayor, a fin de ano
pero las trabajadoras tendran
que 'rUmiar" SD desgracia y es-
perar la llegada de mejores
amos, cuando la justicia aplas-
te a la avaricia.
La gaceta., 1934-03-20

Han dido ustedes ell relate
de las peripecias de Hank Scha-
fer, de SO amos, que Sc fractur6
una cadera al resbalar en- ell
hielo?
Mr.. Schafer tuvo la d sgra-
cia de ser atrapado en- una mi
ma y 10 extrajeron con vida.
Al hacer explosion un canon,
perdi6 un ojo y un brazo.
En- un derrumbamientO lie ca
yeron encima dos toneladas dc
1rcilla y pudo salvarse.
Tn caballo que montaba le
trio y lie ~arrastr6, hacienlclo
pasar por una alambrada de
puas.
Sc cay6 desde una colina de
80 pies y sali6 ileso.
I'm trineo Sc volc6 y sufri6 la
fractura del craneo.
A les 81 un ataque de para
Isis lie Ilev6 a la cana; a los 80
lie paso por encima un caballo y
I'm CAIRO; a los SO, antes del res
bal6n, lie atropell6 un autom6
vii.
Tres veces lie alcanzaron CHS
pas electricas y tres veces esca-
pc de la muerte.
/ Els un ser afortunadO 0 un
- Nhra daS"raci8'a u veto
Schafer, que ha pasado por to-
i, : rs " ,"'os y ahora cuenta
SO inviernos?
A 10 mejor, cuando menos 10
espere el, un "dolor de barriga"
lie hace mOrir Vulgarmente, en-
81 CANA, sin rayos, sin caballOs,
sin automobiles, sin alambres
con puas, sin fractura de era
neo...
Use nos olvidaba decir que
despu6s de la fracture del era
neo tuvo una pulmonia doble!
La gaceta., 1934-03-20

Seleccionando les comiSiona-
los del condado a ciudadanos
'ignCs, de conducta i~ntachable,
endrem2s el%ecciones imparcia-
IS, en- ell mes &c JUNO.
Pero 81 los senores comisio-
ADDS escogen a hombreS ha.
'ituados a burlarSe de las leyes
o a individuoS de esos que no
lometen faltas, pero las consien
ten, tendrem9s otro "atracO" al
e~lectorado, con ell consiguiente
descredito para las instituc.0-
mes democraticas.
iTienen la palabra los Seho-
res James j. Fernandez, Fred
Ball, Frank, Harris Y Watkins
Evening star., 1934-12-23

while waiting in the room Of friend
in the 1900 block of l. street, accord
ing to police. He was rushed to
Emergency Hospital. where his condi-
ton is undetermined.
Ware, according to police. said ne
was unemployed and after separating
from his wife, Mrs. Nellie Ware, q
department store employe here, be-
came despondent. He had frequently
Evening star., 1934-12-23

below the knee today when a .32-cali-
ber automatic discharged in his over
coat pocket as he was entering his
parked automobile at Fifth and X
streets. After receiving the wound
Meshkoff proceeded to Casualty Hos
pital, driving his own car.
Meshkoff, who lives at 808 Ingra-
ham street, remained at the hospital,
where his condition was listed as un-
Evening star., 1934-12-23
IND0RSE JUDGE GIVEN

Colored Bar Group Sends Resclu-
ton to President.
The Washington Colored Bar As
sociation has adopted q unanimous
resolution, indorsing the reappoint-
ment of Judge Ralph Given for the
Evening star., 1934-12-23
GUN IN POCKET FIRES

Pvt. Meshkoff Sustains Leg
Wound Getting in Auto.
Pvt. John p. Meshkofi, 80, attached
to the Detective Bureau, and director
of Maj. Browns Boys Club program,
was accidentally shot In the left leg
Evening star., 1934-12-23

visited the room of George e. Brown,
a p. w. A. worker, and was sitting in
the room, q pistol in his hand, when
his friend discovered him.
Evening star., 1934-12-23
Russia Builds Big Port.

Russia is building a large port on
Dickson Island, formerly only q me-
teorological station. to serve ships on
the northern route from the Pacific to
the Baltic.
Evening star., 1934-12-23

determined. He Is also athletic in
structor Of the Policemen's Training
School.
Evening star., 1934-12-23

position Of Police Court Judge, which
he has held for the past six years.
The resolution, which was introduced
by Charles s. williams, was sent to
President Roosevelt, it was announced
yesterday.
Evening star., 1934-12-23
Taxes Foreign Incomes.

Peru has placed q tax on incomes
earned in that country by foreign
concerns.
Evening star., 1934-12-23
MAN SHOOTS SELF

Former Air Corps Inspector Is
Rushed to Hospital.
w. C. Ware, 48, former building
inspector at the Army Air Corps Tao
tical School, Maxwell Field, Ala, shot
himself in the abdomen last night
Evening star., 1934-12-23

Loan Soon Subscribed.
Australia's new s75,O0O, 900 loan was
in three days.
Evening star., 1934-12-23

Smart cardigan and slipon
sweaters in matching or con.
trasting effects. Sizes SO to 40.
Stunning colors.
Sport Shop-Second Floor
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-08-11
anthracite
Wages Cut
Under NRA
Recent Article Cites
Open Violation of
Pay Agreement

That wage agreements are openly
violated by anthracite operators is
shown by a recent article in the
Wilkes Barre Record, entitled But
Ter Miners Take New Rate" The
Butler Colliery of the Pittston Com
pany Ca Morgan concern) had been
shut down for two years.
On opening up again the COM
pany offered miners a new rate
sheet which the men, long jobless,
were forced to accept. Former wage
rates called for by the anthracite
agreement were $3.50 day for
miners and $7.70 day for mine
laborers. New rates at the Butler
Colliery are now $5.79 for miners
and $5.13 a day for company la
borers.
Where the former tonnage rate
was $3.50, it is now 50 per ton in
headings, $135 in solid, and SITS
per ton in pillar. 1t is, of course,
no news that hard coal operators
have been ignoring the established
rates but the Butler Colliery now
furnishes an exact record Of such
q cut. 1t represents wages higher
than are now paid in some of the
other anthracite mines. OF the 1,037
grievances presented to Umpire
James A. German, of the Anthracite
Cancellation Board, at hearings con-
cluded in July, many had to do with
the low wages paid.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-08-11
$50 Men Killed
In L. S. Mines
In Six Months

Deaths from accidents averaged
more than three a day in the coal
mines of the United States during
the six months from January to
June, 1884. In all, $50 mine work
ers we're killed-409 in soft coal
mines and 143 in anthracite.
Last year, 490 mine workers were
killed during the first six months.
Increased output in the first part
Of 1884 meant increased exposure to
mine hazards.
AS usual, falls of roof and coal
took the highest toll, killing 238 BIZ
luminous miners and rs in hard coal
mines. 1t must always be remem-
bered, as we pointed out in Labor
and Coal, that such falls are largely
preventable, provided the miners are
allowed time at the company's ex-
pense to prepare supporting pillars
and ceiling. But too often, such
safety precautions are considered as
dead work" with no pay for the
time worked. AS a worker cor
respondent in Stockdale, western
Pennsylvania, wrote recently:
1.-THE next thing the bosses said
we had to do was to set safety posts,
sprays, and snub the coal. They
didn't mention pay. We called a
special meeting elected chairman,
discussed the dead work. The result
not TO do it without pay"
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-08-11
Unity of Working Class
Necessary in the Fight
Against War, Fascisn
Incidents in Capitalist TerrOr-Wave Cited to Prov
Urgency of United Front Actions Against All
Working Class Enemies Here and Abroad

pie only in the Y. P. S. L. tw,
three, four, five and six month
These people actually became scare
when they heard these attacks.
Therefore in closing I want
say, the Young Communist Leaa1
has been in the past and is read
today to meet with a delegation G
the Y. P. S. L. to discuss unite
front action. We will do everythin
possible to bring about united ac
ton. The most important type c
united action is between the circle
of the Y. P. S. L. and the units O
the Y. G. L. in the neighborhoods
in the shops, in the various terri
tories. We will attempt to overcom
every obstacle in our path. Tn
Young Communist League propose
united action on:
1. Joint struggle against imperial
ist war and fascism; joint mobiliza
ton for second Youth U. S, Con,
gress Against War and Fascism
joint participation in Internationa
Youth Day, August 31st.
2. Against the attacks on Neqr
youth in Chicago, for the right o
Negro youth to use all beaches with
out any discrimination. The i'm.
mediate release Of all those ARRESTED
in the struggle for the beaches.
3. The immediate release of Ems
and all anti-faseis
prisoners in Germany.
Our actions in the past and ou
actions today have proven and ou
actions tomorrow will prove ou
to bring about united &C.
ton for we realize that it is only
the united action of the working
class youth that will give strength,
courage and ability to the working
class youth together with the adults
to fight against fascism and i'm
perialist war.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-08-11
BY ANNA ROCHESTER

Production Of soft coal in the
United States took a sharp drop
about April l, falling from about
nine million net tons in the closing
week of March to about five and
one-half million in the first week
of April. Wavering about the six
million ton level for the weeks of
May and June, the line Of produc-
ton then fell below the 1888 level.
BY the week ending July 7, 1884,
output of soft coal was 5,118,000
tons as compared with 5,530,000 tons
for that week a year ago. BY the
closing week of July the U. 8. Bu-
reau Of Mines estimated the produc-
ton as 100000 tons whereas in
the corresponding week year ago
it was 7,550,000.
Anthracite production has also
fallen below the 1888 level. For the
week ended July 20, hard coal out
put was estimated at $4,000 tons,
as against 1,O44,000 a year before.
But these cold figures do not fit
into the optimistic picture of the
New Deal" promoted in the news
papers at the request OF the Adj
ministration. So the New York
Times" buries them away in news
item headed Goal Stocks Increase"
in which the increased reserves in
the hands of retailers and indus
trial consumers are played UP as if
they were an advantage 30 the in
duStry, caused by "the comparative
absence Of labor unrest in the soft
coal fields" AS a matter OF fact,
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-08-11
Class Battles Grow AS Crisis Undermines Capitalism
U. S. Coal Production Drops
Below Level of 1888 Output
But Administration Hides Decrease, Plays Up
Amount of Unused Coal StOcks-PayrOH
Totals Now Only Half of 1929 Figure

Of course, unused stocks of Goa,
on hand indicate low production
levels of consuming industries.
Employment in bituminous min
ing stood at 70 per cent of the 1925
average in April --latest figures)
while employment in anthracite
mining stood at only So per cent
of the 1929 level.
Payroll totals meanwhile were
only about half the 1929 figure. The
April index shows payrolls at SIT
per cent in anthracite and STA per
cent in soft coal mining, with 1929
as 100 or normal"
Coal Age sees hope for the in
dustry in concentration" of work
in the mine from an immense num-
Der of separate rooms to a few To-
cal points, bringing the working area
down to a minimum, and the rest
of the mine being abandoned" ex-
cept for passage ways. This will
save "the costlineSs of distribution
on wide areas. Some put the
saving as high as 20 or 80 cents a
ton. If mechanization did not
save dollar in cost of loading it
would abundantly justify itself in
the other costs it eliminates by its
adaptability to high concentration. :"
This is the trade journals solu-
ton for the ills of the coal indus
try. With about so per cent of its
space always devoted to advertisers
who have new machines and other
devices to sell. Coal Age" edi-
torializes in terms Of mechanization.
Nothing is said about the decreased
number Of workers to be employed.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-08-11
Var Makers
Stiff Iron
Junk Piles
International Traffic in
Scrap Iron Feeds
War Machine
BY 81 GERSON


Junk piles, on the whole, don't
y seem to be particularly danger
GUS. The average citizen passes
them by with hardly a glance.
But military stats in Japan, Po-
land and Czechoslovakia think diff
ferently about the matter. The old
bedstead which is discarded mot
so soon anymore) by the average
housewife doesn't seem like a lethal
weapon. But that's only because
she isn't engaged in the manufac-
| ture of ammunition.
If you were present on the docks
of Norfolk, Va, at about the begin
ming of this week, you would have
seen tons and tons of scrap iron
being piled diligently into the hold
of sailing vessel Wreckage Of
ancient Fords, rusted cornices,
twisted bolts, old bedsteads all
kinds of scrap iron came from all
over the country in yeritable flood
of Junk to the docks of the Virginia
port. The scrap metal, $50 freight
cars full, amounting 10 approx
mately 7,700 tons, we're carefully
slowed aboard the British vessel,
BONNEVILLE" bound for Yawaka, a
japanese port. There it will be i'm
mediately shipped to large ammuni-
ton plants and used in large shells
and bombs. The ultimate destina-
tion of these shells can be guessed
by discerning people by the fact that
most Of the japanese guns are
turned towards the West and South,
towards the Soviet Union and the
Soviet districts of China.
That the British owners Of the
BONNEVILLE" are truly international
in viewpoint is evident at glance.
Flying the Union Jack, the ship goes
to PHILIPPINES, from where it takes
sugar to the United States, From
the States it carries scrap iron to
Japan, all under the flag Of the
Empire.
That its prices are extremely rea-
sonable is shown by the fact that
the charge for carrying the metal
is only $3.50 a gross ton, the low
rate being explained by the fact
that the scrap iron is listed as bal
last.
An interesting fact in connection
with the price is the fact that set
Elements are made through the
medium of the Chase National
Bank, Rockefeller controlled institu-
ton.
But the BONNEVILLE" is not the
only boat sailing the high seas with
scrap iron. Ships are leaving At
lantic and Pacific ports almost daily
with loads of scrap iron, bound for
Japan and countries on the Western
borders of the Soviet Union.
Schiavonni and Bonomo, large
New York scrap iron firm, is doing
land Office business in metal junk
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-08-11

for foreign consignment. Handling
material mainly for Japan and Po-
land, the company is making ship
ments from all over the Atlantic
seaboard as well as from ports along
the Gulf of Mexico.
In Poland the scrap iron is re-
ceiyed and shipped 10 Upper Silesis
where it is converted into ammuni-
ton and shipped to Cgecho- Siovakia
and Germany, where Mr. Hitler
needs the ammunition, no doubt, for
a little pacifist, defensive war.
CCRAP iron dealers have very acute
y political noses. IN fact, their
sudden prosperity for some of the
larger dealers, depends entirely upon
the world situation and the prob
ability of a new war. In these
sensitive circles discussion about q
war between the Japan and the So
Wet Union goes on daily. They are
expecting the Japanese war lords tc
make the attack almost any month
In fact, they're licking their chops
in anticipation.
But what do the workers OF the
world say about it?
The final answer depends uDo1 us
The fear Of that answer, more than
anything else, prevents met,
the scrap iron dealers from max.
ing their attack on the workers
fatherland, the Soviet Union, sooner
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-08-11
Million Names, SIS, 900
Sought for HerndOn,
Scottsboro Boys

against these murders. 1t must real
ize that capitalism cannot avoid
murder. 1t must realize that CAPT
talism must attempt always to
snatch from its ranks, to murder it's
best leaders. The dollar is worth
more to capitalism than human
lives"
Why Herndon Was jailed
This letter was written by Cork
at the very time Angelo Herndon
was organizing the first All South
ern Conference in Chattanooga. The
Ku Klux Khan and the police warn
ed that the conference would never
be held. Herndon, defying all OPP
position, proceeded with the work.
The Kluxers served notice through
the press-"the rascals of the pen"
as Cork calls them-that no con-
ference in which Negroes and white
workers sit and deliberate and plan
to fight together would be permitted.
The conference was held. Four
hundred Negro and white workers
attended it. Police and detectives,
citizens armed with guns and revolt
vers, surrounded the hall. A maSSa-
ere was fully expected by all the
delegates to the conference. But not
one stayed away. The courageous
example set by the organizer, by this
young man, Angelo Herndon, was
sufficient to hold the conference to-
gether.
1t is for that reason that the
State Of Georgia dug up its old slave
law of 1861, invoking it against An
gelo Herndon. AS Cork points out,
it is because the Negro and the
white toilers are learning the les
sons of solidarity that the white
rulers are modifying the full forces
of their culture" against the work
ers and the leaders of the working
class.
It is precisely for this reason that
the workers must show still greater
solidarity, still greater fighting spirit.
In addition to mobilizing all the
workers and their sympathizers, and
in addition to circulating the petit
ton for 100000 signatures, funds
must be raised at once. The Inter
national Labor Defense, whose work
has drawn the praise of Maxim
Cork, needs that $4,000 immedi-
ately for the expenses of the APP
peals in the Scottsboro and Hern-
don cases.
Those workers and sympathizers
who agree with Cork that "capi
talist culture cannot be expected to
be humane" will enlist in this cam
paign Immediately Funds must be
rushed, at once, to the International
Labor Defense, Room 43O, 80 E. 18th
Street, New York City.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-08-11
Corki Letter Cited in Fight for Herndon

bail being celebrated by the Ameri-
can workers and the way revolu-
tionary workers celebrate a victory
is by pressing for further, more
decisive victory-a letter written by
Maxim Cork, foremost author of
the Soviet Union, comes to light,
showing what the greatest revolu-
tionary writer in the world thinks
of the Herndon and the Scottsboro
cases.
What Maxim Cork Says
The letter was written by Cork
to an American who had sent the
famous Russian writer clippings
from the capitalist press charging
the Soviet government with de
Stroying culture" Excerpts from
this letter follow
THE capitalists and their faith
full servants, the Social Democrats
and the Fascists, old men half mad
as they view the present social catas-
trophe, youths whose ambition it is
to become successful parasites, ras-
Gals of the pen and scoundrels of
the press-an this rotten crowd has
been formed by the capitalist sys-
tenn into battalions accusing the
Bolsheviks and the USS.R. in gen.
eral of attempts to destroy "cul-
ture" The bourgeois press has re-
ceived instructions from its masters:
Fight against the Bolsheviks,
against Communism, and for Gull
ture.'
Yes, the capitalists have some
thing to fight for! Their culture
consists OF row of institutions,
] acting freely whose aim is to pro-
tect and justify the unlimited might
! of the parasitic minority over the
laboring ajority - peasants and
workers.
A Culture Of Lies
Their culture! 1t is the school
where lies are told. 1t is the
church-where lies are told. 1t is
the press, which lies and calumni-
ates; the police, which has the right
to kill the workers. Their culture
now faces the daily fight with the
workers who protest against being
robbed, who do not want to be poor,
who fight against a culture in which
their wives lose their health and are
old at 80, who refuse to have chill
dren die of hunger and their daugh-
tiers to earn piece of bread by
street walking, who do not want
criminals to be born from the honest
working class through unemploy-
ment.
q. In Scottsboro, Alabama,
young Negroes are being held for
death. Those Negro boys are inno-
cent, and the white rulers know it.
They are held for death because the
white imperialists desire to frighten,
to terrorize the Negroes in the South
of the United States.
This is done because the Negro
masses, more and more, are being
attracted to the revolutionary move
ment. They are solidifying their
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-08-11
Japanese Army Morale
Affected By Intense
Poverty of the Masses

TOKYO, Aug. 1870 desperate
is the poverty of Japanese peasants
and silk worm cultivators that the
War Ministry has been forced to
promise aid.
Premier Okada and War Minister
Hayashi today conferred with the
President of the Serieulture Fedora
ton and learned that silk worm ctl-
tivators were too hard hit to be con-
tent with the plans of the Agrtcm-
tural Ministry.
limiting that the unrest of the
peasants was bad for the morale
of the army" he demanded 10 per
cent of the army budget to quiet
the agriculturists.