davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Omaha guide., 1934-04-28
MORE SENA
TORS BEHIND
LYNCH BILL
Continuous Pressure Needed
To Get Bill To Vote AS
AS Passage Seems Assur-
ed Once 1t Is Up; White
House Said To Favor

Washington. April 90 Continuous
pressure on each senator is the cry
need for the passage of the Costigan-
Wagner ant lynching bill.
Voters should write their senator's
asking them to becme active in getting
the bill up for a vote as well as voting
for it once it comes up. A new tab
ulation of senator's here yesterday
showed that without a doubt the bill
can be passed if it is brought up.
The edge has been taken off the
bitter fight which southern senators
would have waged upon it by the
growing sentiment in the South. and
especially the resolution of the power
full Woman's Missionary Council of
the Methodist Episcopal Church.
South which passed a resolution
March IL unanimously endorsing the
i'll.
Senator Bennett C. Clark of Miss
ouri has written the St Louis branch
of the N. A. A. C. P: 81 am heartily
in favor of the proposed anti-lynch-
ing bill"
Senator L. j. Dickinson has writ
ten the Dies Moines N. A. A. C. P.
branch: "If the Costigan-W Wagner
bill to a vote | expect to vote
for it"
Both of these Senators were re-
Gently reported as opposed to the
bill.
Oswald Garrison Willard has writ
ten thirteen senator's asking them to
vote for the bill and has received de-
finite pledges thus far from half of
them that they will vote for the bill.
Senator Nye of North Dakota writes
Il shall give the bill my most earnest
support"
Senator Shipstead of Minnesota
writes: 81 expect to support it."
Senator Cutting of Arizona writes:
Il intend to vote for the Costigan-
Wagner anti-lynching bill"
Senator David Walsh of Massachu-
sets writes: 81 am in strong sympathy
with the Costigan-Wagner bill. l
have always supported anti-lynching
bills"
1t is understood here that the
White House favors the passage of
the bill. kilograms and letters to
President Roosevelt asking him to
insist to the leaders of Congress that
the bill be passed before Congress
adjourns will be exceedingly helpful
at this stage of the fight
The Omaha guide., 1934-04-28
Mute Princeton BOotblack
Prince of ROOters For
Princeton.

Princeton, N. J.-(CNS)-Fifteer
years ago Elias Scudder, a deaf mute
walked to the barber shop of Jack
Honore here wearing the following
sign on his back:
81 don't want to go to war. Please
give me a job" He obtained n and
has become the mascot of Princeton
in all athletic contests.
Scudder, whose periodic frenzies
oven the cause Of Tiger football
teams has made him the mascot OF
Princeton students, has for the last
ten years refused a standing offer
to regain the use of his tongue by a
free and safe operation. He is con-
WINGED that if he had the normal use
of his tongue and ears he would not
be so popular with university stu
dents.
In recent years Scudder has had
a pass to all athletic contest here and
his face is always present wherever
Princeton roofing wakes hottest.
The Nassau mascot's attendance at
all athletic events which he can get
leave Of absence for has often carried
him away from town. Last fall he
the Yale-Princeton football
game at New Haven, and next year
he expects to journey to Cambridge
for the Princeton-Harvard contest.
The hat rack at Honore's shop is
made out Of a large piece of the Yale
goalpost which Scudder assisted
Princeton students in uprooting after
the 25-12 Tiger victory Of 1926
The deaf mute is famed for his
hilarious pantomine, and his name is
also connected with innumerable ex-
The Omaha guide., 1934-04-28

away. w. D. Adkins, special agent
of the Missouri Pacific Railway, drove
up to the church in an automobile,
accompanied by a deputy sheriff.
They fired into the church. The
Negroes returned fire and Adkins was
killed.
The Omaha guide., 1934-04-28
LONG T WON FOR
MEN WHO DEFENDED
HOME

New York, April 20-A fight for the
lives of three Negro workers of La
gardo. Tenn. that began in September
1882, has ended VIGOROUSLY after
twice taking the cases to the Tennes-
see supreme court, according to an
announcement from the office of the
National Association for the Advance
ment of Colored People today.
The three workers, Jake and Char
lie Alexander and George Benton
Oldham, were convicted of first de-
gree murder at Lebanon, Tenn. on
January A, 1888, for the murder of
Constable Ben L. Northern and De-
putty M. E. Brown who attempted
to arrest them on the evening of
September A. 1882, with a blank war
rant and the assistance of a white
mob, following an alteration between
. white and a Negro family.
The two Alexanders sentenced
to life Imprisonment and Oldham was
given twenty-five years A fourth
defendent was acquitted.
The cases were appealed to the
state court on July 1898
reversed the sentences and recommend
ed a new trial holding that the mer
were not guilty Of murder in tbs
first degree, but had merely defended
their homes from a mob
At the second trail in Lebanon
Tenn, August 80 to September 4
1888 George Oldham was acquitted
Jake Alexander was convicted of in
voluntary manslaughter' and glve1
three years, while Charlie Alexander
his son, was convicted of second de
gree murder and sentenced to twelve
years.
Again the cases were carried bacl
to the state supreme court. On Apr
s. 1884 it affirmed the verdict Jak'
Alexander, but cut the sentence t
one year, while reducing that o
Charlie Alexander from n to fiv
years The men r even now ellg1Di
for parole and efforts are being mad
TO have them freed at once
Almost Lynched
A history of the case reveals tn
The Omaha guide., 1934-04-28

themselves thwarted by the Associa-
TONS attorneys. Reversal followed
trial, legal points were urged to the
highest court Of the land, disappoint-
ment followed apparent victory, hopes
rose only to be dashed again
On January 9. 1928, Moorfield
Storey. the Associations president
argued the case of the six condemned
me- before the United States Su-
preme court alleging that such or
CARNATIONS as local rotary clubs,
American legion posts, and the courts
had sought to railroad the Negro
farmers to death that the rioting
had been begun by whites, that the
farm workers had been falsely ac-
cused of organizing to massacre
whites" and on this p~retext humid
reds of unoffending Negro workers
had been hunted down like beasts
by armed whites.
N. A. A. C. p. Wins Workers
Release.
AS a result of the Associations
brilliant plea, the United States SUI
preme court on February 10, 1923,
federal district court to inquire into
condemned workers and directed the
federal district court to inquie into
the cases and ascertain if the ac-
cused black farmers had had a fair
trial. This decision More VS. Demp-
sey 261 U. S. 86) was epoch making
in that it not only declared that a
trial dominated by mob sentiment
was not due process of law, but re-
versed the U. S. supreme court it
self in it's decision in the Leo Frank
case.
Flabbergasted by this decision, the
Arkansas authorities rather than re-
try the men, offered a compromise Of
a plea of guilty on a lesser charge,
which was accepted by Attorney
Jones. On November IL, 1928, Gov
ernor McRae committed the sentences
of the men, leaving them eligible
for parole within a short time.
On June 25. 1923, the Arkansas
r court ordered the discharge
from custody of the second SIX de-
PENDANTS, who, following reversal OF
their previous sentences had been
re-convicted and .re-sentenced TO
death.
AS a result of these victories
which snatched twelve farm workers
from death, the Association was
able to secure the release of all the
others. The men were turned loose
at the prison gate, but n. A. A. 9. T.
attorneys were on hand and rushed
them to Little Rock by automobile
furnished them transportation to the
North where they found work.
This victory, which cost the AS
ISOLATION $4,000 brought Grammatical
" to the attention of the entire
country the vicious exploitation Of,
Negro sharecroppers in the South
and exposed the methods OF the
Southern planter class in using the
lynch terror to prevent the farm
workers from oganizing. This decl-
sion won by the billiant Negro and
white lawyers of the National AS
ISOLATION for the Advancement OF
Colored People n the United States
Supreme Court stands as a protec-
ton for black and white workers
who may there after be tried under
tho conditions which surrounded the
Negro poems of Arkansas.
The Omaha guide., 1934-04-28
RECORD OF SOUTH is
AGAINST JUDGE A
p OF A A c r

New York, April 23-The record Oh
the South is against the assertion Of
Judge Henry w. Grady Of Raleigh
N. c.. that " it is a lie that Negroes
cannot get a fair trial in a southern
white mans cvdurt," said a statemen
issued by the National Association
for the Advancement Of Coloored
People here today. The Judge Is
The Omaha guide., 1934-04-28
GATHERING ON
BARRIERSOF
PREJUDICE
Stirring chapters From the
25-year History of the Ma
tiOnal Association for the
Advancement of COlOred
People
Fighting for the Negro Farmers

In the last article we dealt specific
ally with Associations war on lynch
ing during the quarter century of its
existance. In this article we shall
sketch briefly the long fight waged
by the Association for justice and
fair play for Negro farmers, with
emphasis on the famous Elaine, Ar
kansas case of 1919-1923.
Fights agricultural Contracts"
Before the Association was a year
old it took up with Governor Martin
F. Ansel Of South Carolina the ques-
ton of a pardon for Pink Franklin,
Negro plantation hand who had vio-
lated a so-called agricultural con-
tract" and two months later had shot
the white constable sent to arrest
him, when the latter broke into his
cabin at three o'clock in the morning
without announcing that he was an
officer. Due to the Associations eff
lOfLS rTdlhlln WOU q OOlLlllQ "a VI
sentence. 1t also waged a hard
fight the same year for the life of
Steve Greene, Arkansas sharecropper,
who shot his boss in self defense
when the latter sought to make him
renew his lease at an advance of
almost 100 per cent in rent.
during the Work or Fight" drive
in 1918 an effort was made by the
white authorities at PineBluff, Ark,
to force colored woman to work in
the cotton fields at wages below the
standard rate. The Little Rock
branch of the Association Immediately
organized an opposition campaign,
mobolizing the Negroes of the vicin-
ity and stopped this vicious form of
exploitation before it got well started.
The National office investigated and
exposed the whole "Work Or Fight"
system as it was worked in the South
and its expose was n of the fac
tors in stopping the scheme.
Perhaps the most notable fight
waged by the Association in behalf
of the embattled Southern Negro
farmers was the now famous Elaine
Sharecropper Case, which gained
worldwide attention and ended in
one of the Associations most out
standing victories.
Negro Tenants Organize
Sixty-eight exploiting Negro ten
ants of Phillips County, Arkansas,
unable to get any settlement from the
plantation on whose places they
shaved, organized the Progressive
Farmers and Labor Household Union
| of America, Incorporated under the
laws Of Arkansas. The unions lit
erature stated its purpose as that Of
advancing the Intellectual. material,
moral, spiritual and financial inter
ests Of the Negro race
The firm of Bratton and Bratton,
white lawyers of Little Rock, Ark
ansas was employed by the union
either to secure a voluntary settle
ment from the plantation owners Or
to bring suits in the courts, as the
firm had done in many other SINH
lar cases. The meeting with the legal
representative was to be held at Ratio,
Arkansas, early inOCtober 1919.
Meantime, Negro farmers were
meeting in a little church gear Hoop
Spur, a small settlement ten miles
The Omaha guide., 1934-04-28

ploits Of Princeton men. In 1925,
following the Earl Carroll bathtub
party, Scudder was borne abount
Princeton in a bathtub by members
of the class of '21 celebrating its
fifth anniversary.
The Omaha guide., 1934-04-28
BARROW BOOK
IN CHEAPER
EDITION

New York, April 22-CharIes
Scribner's Sons has just released a
popular edition of Clarence Darrow's
4'The Story of Ny Life" to sell at 81.
The book contains a chapter on the
famous Sweet trial in Detroit and the
eneral problem of the Negro in the
AJo-+l
The Washington times., 1934-01-18
The Rhymins
Optimist
BY ALINE MICHAELIS

Encounter
It happened, after many years,
they met;
Upon them both Times hand
had worked its change.
About her eyes were shadows
family set.
His mouth was grim, his smile
was cold and strange.
Above them lowered the city
streets high walls,
A back-drop for the stage
whereon they stood,
And all around rose Shrill, ear
piercing calls,
Yet none more harsh than their
rebelliouS mood.
An instant thus two strangers
stood and gazed,
Hand touching hand, a thou
sand miles apart,
Then sudden fire within their
spirits blaZed
And fused them once again,
loved heart to hearth
So it will ever be between these
two,
Though next they meet on some
sphere far and new.
The Washington times., 1934-01-18
When Manners
Are Correct
Who Pays?
Dear Mrs. Beeckman:

Dear Mrs. Beeckman:
Some friends and I have had
. wordy argument concerning
who should pay for the prom
ticket-the girl graduating or
her boy friend. We agree
that 1t is the girls job to pur-
chase the bid, but we are in
doubt as to whether excep-
tons should be made Of the
rule.
One Of the boys in our
crowd Is going to a local high
school prom with a girl who
Is graduating. They have been
going together for over two
years. Both are in a position
70 pay for the bid as the boy
Is fortunate in having a lob.
Please advise If any excep-
lions should be made to the
Eule. ED.
The girl who is inviting the
boy to 60 to her prom should
buy the tickets for both. And
since you say that "both are
in . position to pay for the
Did," there seems to be no
reasons why any exception
should be made in this case.
The Washington times., 1934-01-18

for a comeback. With frills and
flutings flying from every frock
this spring, some sort Of pin is
almost indispensable, especially
with detachable collars. Mono
grammed metal pins seem to be
the answer.
With sleeves so short this
season, barely below the elbow,
lots of us will find bracelets no
mean beautifierS. They've been
worn two or three on one arm
all winter, but they'll wear one
over each wrist. cuff fashion,
this spring. And the bigger and
broader the bracelet, the better.
Low neckS. too, viii look a
little naked without some sort
Of necklace, after the closeup
to-the-chin affairs we've been
used to seeing. Crystal beads
are always lovely with prints,
Of course, but the new colored
composition necklaces are love-
ner still.
Coral, turquoise, tango red,
violet blue, abSinthe and char
treune with a bow to repeaD
one or two Of these will play
UP the colorS Of your printed
The Washington times., 1934-01-18
Child Health
Questions
BOILED MILK

BOILED MILK
Question-Why should milk
be boiled for a baby? 1 have
always understood boiling milk
makes it cOnstipating.
MRS. M. X.
Answer-Baby specialists now
agree that boiled milk is more
digestible than raw. The curds
formed in the baby's stomach
during the process Of digesting
raw COWS milk are large. tough
and leathery. After milk has
been boiled, the curds are small
and soft and resemble more
nearly the curds from breast
milk.
Not only does boiling make
milk more digestible, but it
guarantees its safety. Boiling
kills all disease-producing germs.
The constipation that may &C
company the use of boiled milk
is unimportant in comparison
with the more serious disturb
ances that may result from the
use of raw milk.
The Washington times., 1934-01-18

tates habit formation. Again
it simplifies the substitution by
the mother or teacher Of deSir-
able habits for bad o11es already
partly formed.
Good for Bad
The best method Of Kidding
a child of a bad habit is the
substitution of a good one. Nor
is substitution, in the majority
of cases, difficult. This same
Elasticity of mind comes to the
Instructors aid and the child,
properly diverted, readily &C
cepts the new idea.
The wise mother will pay as
little attention as possible to
the action of which she dis
proves. She will focus the
child's attention on the new
idea which she wishes to sub
stitute for the old.
Secret Of Success
Her methods should not be
too obvious. Even the most
gullible of children will be quick
to detect her plot if she is not
careful. Present the new idea
tactfully, casually. Being casual
is the great Secretr
The mother should never
show her agitation over the
situation which has aroused he
concern. No matter how serious
it may seem to her.
Child Reacts
If she allow herself to become
excited, the child will react auto
matically to her excitement and
her plans will go awry.
Punishment is seldom effec-
tive in eradicating bad habits.
It only serves to fix the child'S
attention on the situation and
makes substitution impossible.
The Washington times., 1934-01-18

clad, with big hats to prevent
from further burning. All with
the result that their skins stayed
fine and supple beneath pain
lessly acquired tan.
Keeps Supple
There are any number OF
good preparations on the mar
ket to help you. Every good
maker has sunburn and sun-tan
oils and lotions, creams in liquid
and solid form.
If you don't fancy these and
can bear the odor, there is
nothing more efficient in turn
ing your skin into a lovely
toastbrown than plain cocoa
nut oil.
To say that any prepara'
tions prevent a coat of tan is to
be less than truthful, because
nothing will do that if you lie
down under the sun to cook.
But they will do just what we
have been talking about-pro-
mote an even tan and keep the
skin supple.
The Washington times., 1934-01-18
ELECTRIC DRYERS

Question: I have very dry
hair, and would like to use an
electric dryer ON it after sham
pOOs. I've heard this is harm
full, however, and would like
your advice in the matter.
M. E.
Answer: I usually am not
in favor Of the use Of electric
dryers on any type of hair.
But dry-haired individuals eS-
pecially should avoid such
dryers. For a continuous blow
ing of hot air on the scalp
tends to remove any OF the
natural oil that the hair might
possess, and increases its dry
ness. The best course for the
hair is to dry it by hand. You
may use warm towels to re-
move the excess moisture, but
then shake the hair dry with
your hands. Besides, if your
hair is so dry and brittle, I'd
advise you to begin giving 1t
hot oil shampooS.
The Washington times., 1934-01-18
RE HERE ALREADY BRINGING SOME NEW IDEAS IN SILHOUETTE
Skins Must Be
Protected at
Beach
BY LISA DUMONT

Some of you probably are
anticipating a delightful little
Sojourn in the South.
With all of the clothes for
Southern wear on display at
the various shops we were in
spired to write a few lines Of
advice for the women who are
looking forward to a trip.
Although it is difficult for US
to write about sunburn this
time Of year-here goes:
Temptation
There is something about q
stretch of white sand beneath
the sun that seems to go
straight to the heads of even
careful beauties.
If you could take two per.
sons with exactly the same
skin, leave one untouched and
coat the other with oil, put
them under the sun long
enough to burn well, and then
see what has happened to them
under a microscope, you would
be appalled,.
The untreated skin would
have become parched and
wrinkled and old. For, while
the sun is burning you it is
also drying out the natural oils.
And these oils are all you
have in the world to keep your
face from wrinkling before its
time.
Safeguarding
Oils, applied externally, sub
stitute for those that are be-
ing dried out of you. They
make the skin more resistant
to parching and protect the
texture during the burning.
until the pigment thickens into
a coat of tan, which will then
give you protection Of its own
accord.
Women abroad, when they
first started tanning as a
serious OccupaClon, nad Cne
right idea. Their Sun-bath
was a systematic and serious
affair.
They oiled every inch of the
body that was to be exposed,
pushed back their hair, put
on sun-glasses, and laid them
selves down for a given length
of time by the clock-Which
varied from a few brief min
utes on the first day to three.
quarters of an hour as they
became Injured.
Then they had their swim
and retired to cabanaS, from
which they emerged pyjamar
The Washington times., 1934-01-18


Substitute a coral clip for a
rhinestone one, prystal brace
let for a crystal one-and you'll
get into the spring spirit before
you know it.
We may prattle glibly Of
shorter sleeves and lower neck
lines for next season, but what
sort of jewelry will we wear
with our new spring outfit?
What new gadget will go with
printed crepes, what finishing
touches will frilly jabotS be
added to and ruffles?
Taking the last first, barpinS
and brooches seem to be all set
The Washington times., 1934-01-18
Beauty
Questions
and dAnswers
OVERWEIGHT

QueStiOn-Dear Miss DumOnt:
I am a daily reader Of your
column and I would like you
to solve this problem for me.
I am 1S years old, 5 feet 4 inches
tall, weigh 11S, bust 3212, waist,
rs, hips 36. But 1t seems to
me that I look larger than the
measurement. Please tell me
some way to reduce. Is it all
right for a girl Of my age to
wear a girdle? / have heard
that they should not. Thank
you. A. F.T.
Answer-You are not over
weight. BY my chart you should
weigh 1913 pounds. Try wear
ing a girdle. You are old
enough to wear one and the
new clothes almost demand it.
The Washington times., 1934-01-18
Advice
7
LoveIorn
By Beatrice Fairfax
His Family Won't Let Him


His Family Won't Let Him
Forget
Dear Miss Fairfax:
I am one of the fortunate
who has just got a job. I
haven't anything ahead, be-
cause I was without work for
two years, but I am very much
in love with a girl who is will
ing to take a chance and
marry me.
I would like to get away
from my home, as my family
constantly remind me Of some
serious trouble I got into a
couple of years ago. I know
all about this trouble, and I
think it's very contemplate to
rub it in continually. Would
you advise me to marry the
girl and set up a home Of my
own? GEORGE.
Don't you think it would be
more prudent if you waited un-
til you had saved a little money
to fall back on, in case Of an
emergency, than to marry i'm
mediately? AS for the trouble
your family continually refers
to, I think that very poor
sportsmanship on their part,
and I'd ask them to stop doing
it. You made your mistake,
but now that it's over, you
want to forget about it and
turn over a new leaf.
Boys Insist on kissing Games
Dear Miss Fairfax:
We're a group Of girls around
Is years Of age. Whenever we
90 to a party we can't per-
suade the boys to play cards
or dance. They insist on play
ing childish kissing games, such
as postoffice, etc. If we do
not play these foolish games,
the boys go off by themselves
and discuss current events, which
excludes us. The party Is
naturally a failure. However,
we're going to have another one
soon, and we should like to
know what you'd suggest.
PUZZLED GIRLS.
It's f11nnv tn think that bows
insist on playing anything as
old-faShioned as kissing games,
especially in the big city from
which you write. Tell them
that you're tired Of these back
woods amusements, and If they
won't play cards or dance. you'll
have to look about for some
new boy friends-and do it.
too. Or If this seems too harsh
why not try to get them inter
ested in some Of the newer
games. There are dozens OF
them to be had. And If they
want to discuss current events,
I don't see why this should ex
clude you. Read the papers
There IS no better way Of keep
ing up with what is happening
and girls should know what il
going on today. as well as boys
The Washington times., 1934-01-18

Elasticity does not mean
weakness. Quite the contrary.
AS a rule it is the weakling
who, as either child or man, re-
fuses to accept a new idea.
Elasticity
Elasticity in a child is the
characteristic that permits him
to adjust himself to the new
phases of life which present
themselves to him every day.
AS an adult this same char
acteristic allows him to adapt
his training to meet emergen-
cieS.
This instictive tendency with
which the child is born facili'