davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-04-25
Lo0estoneites BetrayFight for
Militant Program in Local 10
Real Rank and File Opposition York Needed
in Unit of I.L.C.W.U.

ministration was. When the cleo
tons for the Local Administrator
came in December, none of the new
members were eligible to vote, not
having been member for six months.
Still, the old membership gave
rather large vote to the Cutters
Welfare League-the only "opposi-
ton" which was able to put
through one Of its candidates onto
the Executive Board, where he has
remained quiet ever since. The
League refused to put up a can
didate for manager.
Consolidate Forces
The Administration Immediately
started consolidating its forces and
drawing in many of the young, in
experienced cutters into its high
school" by giving jobs to its own
boys"
The Welfare League also started
consolidating its forces, not against
the betrayals of the administration
but against the militant cutters,
who had joined the Welfare League
as the only opposition" in Local
10. The leadership of the League,
true to its Lovestoneite theology,
developed a clique around itself and
secluded itself into the corner of q
strictly Legal opposition, and
stopped all activity among the mass
of cutters.
The League finally called an open
forum on a Saturday when the cut
tiers do not come down to work,
with the result that the mass of
cutters wouldn't come down, and
the administration, by sending its
strong-arm group to break up the
meeting, frightened the leadership
Of the League from even opening
the meeting.
When the League retailiated by
calling another open forum the fol-
lowing Tuesday, the Local 10 Ad-
ministration sent two Executive
Board members to tell the cutters
that the meeting was illegal. The
Administration brought two mem
bers of the League up on charges
of fostering dual unionism."
One of them, the Gitlowite zwer-
bon, rejected any responsibility.
The leaders of the League did
nothing to mobilize the cutters for
their defense, not even issuing a
leafiet until it was all over, with
the result that the Administration
succeeded in putting over its frame
up, suspending Signer for year and
merely reprimanding zwerbon.
The rank and file of the League
became so disguised with the lead
ership that they demanded re-
organization, and when the leader
ship refused to take up this ques-
ton, about half the active members
of the League dropped out.
The cutters of Local 10 should
become aware of what is happening
in their Local; they should see
many rank and file Socialists are
disguised with the policy of the
Socialist" Perlmutter = his open
support of the N. R. A.; his starry
ing out of militant cutters, includ-
ing Socialists; his reign of terror in
Local 10. They must come to the
realization that not the bureaucracy
of Local 10, but only the cutters
themselves will maintain the gains
of the last strike, by fighting for
their demands and forcing the Ad-
ministration to take them up.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-04-25
Negro Shoe Repair
Men Must Pay 45C
A Day to Foreman
ex a Worker CORRESPONDENT

CHICAGO, Ill. - The other day
while I was at the S. and G.. Shoe
Repair Shop at 5 N. Clark ST.,
noticed that the Negro foreman was
going among the workers in the
shop and collecting money. I asked
one of the workers what it was all
about. He turned around to see if
the foreman was watching him then
quietly told me the following story:
Every worker Cmostly Negroes,
who number about 100, is forced to
pay to the Negro foreman rs cents
every day in order to keep the job.
Besides that, they are also forced to
pay 20 cents a day to the foreman
for bringing them to work and TAX
ing them home in his private car.
The foreman wouldn't let any one
of them go by street car. This
makes As cents each day from each
worker.
Besides this, they only work for
tips. If it is a good day like Sat-
urday, it leaves them about Coo or
Toe a day to support their families
witt Every day they work IL hours
and 5aturday is hours. They also
have to clean about 200 suits, spats
and hats day for which they don't
get paid at all. They also have
to clean up the place, washing floors,
windows, etc. The worker also told
me that the boss was one of the
first to display the Blue Eagle, and
when the workers complained to the
Chicago N. R. A. office, nothing was
done to better the miserable condi-
tionS.
The only way the workers in the
S. and G. Shop and other shops
can better their conditions, is by
joining the Trade Union Unity
League IT. U. U. L. 1858 w. Madi
son st.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-04-25

GNN1O1A CfCAy 1lhpOIbduJ railroad
n enters Chicago from the South
side. Almost all these roads have
stations, yards, roundhouses and
machine shops located between
55th and 18th Sts., straight across
the city. Yet not one unit in the
whole of Section 7, which takes
in most of this territory thought
about railroad concentration. Not
only are the terminals, yards and
shops located here, but most of the
railroad workers live in the neigh
borhood; they live in the same
apartment houses as our Party
members, their bungalow are right
next to the homes of Party Com
rades, their clothes are cleaned and
pressed by Party members, they
are even members of the mass or
CARNATIONS which are guided by
Party fractions. In few units
there are railroad workers, still
holding jobs. In others there are
blacklisted railroad men now I'M
employed.
RuCShOh btUuSut 70 OultS
The units are fairly small and
much of the time of the more ac-
tive members had already been as
signed when the question of rail-
road concentration finally found its
way onto the order of business. It
was quite evident that no one unit,
as at present constituted, could
take the responsibility for carrying
out effective concentration work
even on one road. We selected the
territory of one railroad roundhouse
and yard and approached the four
units functioning near these yards.
The Unit which proposed the plan
selected two Comrades to visit the
other three Units with the request
that two members best qualified
for the work be appointed to act
as a steering committee to plan
the concentration tasks for our
railroad work Each of the three
units responded with enthusiasm.
1t was interesting that just as we
arrived at one of the Units the
Comrades were discussing the 18th
Plenum resolution and wondering
what plan of concentration this
street unit could undertake. In the
Unit was former railroad black
NTH, now unemployed. Next to
the house where the meeting was
being held lived a railroad worker,
who had already been approached
with the Daily Worker and had
asked for extra copies. One rail-
road shop was only a few blocks
away. Yet railroad concentration
had never occurred to the Comrades
as task for this Unit.
Steering Committee Plans the Work
The Steering Committee met on
the night appointed, every Unit be-
ing represented. A report was
heard from the Railroad Concen-
tration Unit on the North side and
the following plan was adopted:
The four Units to join in con-
centrating on the selected rail-
road.
Comrades to be selected from
each of the four Units to visit
list of railroad workers which
we already had, using the Daily
Worker to bring the revolution
airy movement to the attention
of these men. The same Com
rades we're to visit the same men
until they had been brought close
to our Party either as subscribers
to the Daily Worker or as Party
members.
Comrades to be selected from
the four Units to distribute 200
Daily Workers Saturdays rail-
road edition) at the railroad
shop at $3.50 to Monday morn
ing and 2:30 to Monday after
noon.
Joint meeting of the four Units
following the first distribution of
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-04-25
LETTERS FROM
OUR READERS
A SLOW BUT SURE PROCESS

Gloversville, N. Y.
I am not a member of the c. P.
but am very interested in it, and
am acquainting myself with its phil
osophy, and am working on some
of my friends. I find it very dis
couraging that just as soon as you
get them in contact with facts they
smell the power of them, and the
result is that they get disappointed
with my talk. But can see that
I'm on the right road, and so is
the c. P, and we are some day
bound to win.
I like the Daily Worker, which I
have been receiving once a week
for about nine months, and hope
your new press will give great SER
vice to the working class Of Amer
lea. I am a subscriber OF Soviet
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-04-25
Sailor Killed While
Painting Warship

NEW YORK, April 24.-Ray M.
Edwards, a sailor aboard the U.S.S.
Cole, a destroyer, was knocked from
a boatSwain's cair, badly mangled
and drowned when the ship broke
away from its mornings in Brook
lyn Navy Yard yesterday afternoon.
The ships officers were trying out
the engines while the destroyer was
tied up to the dock eye witnesses
report. Edwards was painting the
ships side.
The ship swerved and swung
away from the dock, knocking Ed
wards into the water, when the Of
f1cers placed too much strain on
the lines.
Edwards body was picked out of
the water three hours later. He
is survived by his mother, who lives
at Phenox City, Alabama.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-04-25
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
Addresses Wanted

John Grusea, Bronx; Ruth En-
Itch, Bronx; Mrs. Julia Bernstein,
New York City; M. Brown, New
ark, N. j.; Alfred Burns, New York
City; A. Greenberg, New York City.
Not Interested
"The New Humanist," Chicago,
Hive see no relation between
your magazine and this column.
We are not Interested in religion
and yours is a religious magazine, in
spite of its disguise. No matter how
thin you slice it, Mister, it is baloney
just the same
Codein and Papaverine for Colds
]. B. Bronx.-There is nothing
new about this treatment for or
binary colds. Opium derivatives
have been used for centuries in all
cold remedies. The fact that the
University of Minnesota patented
this remedy only shows that all uni
versities, like every other institution
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-04-25
BY Needle worker Correspondent


NEW YORK.-To understand the
conditions within Local 10 today,
the possibilities for control by the
rank and file and it's relations with
the International Ladies Garment
Workers Union as whole, we must
look back to the period before the
August, 1888 strike.
In this period, Local 10, like the
rest of the I, L. G. w. u, was fast
becoming organizationally and fin
ancially bankrupt. Their entire
activity was given to helping the
bosses associations break strikes,
particularly strikes led by the
Needle Trades Workers Industrial
Union.
AS a result, the bosses were able
to continue their attacks upon the
conditions of the workers. Cutters
were working for as little as $12
week and for as many as 60
hours a week. Alongside of which
thousands of cutters were out of
jobs.
This resulted in group of cutters
members of Local 10; members of
the N. T. w. I. U. and unorganized
cutters-getting together and form
ing the Cutters Club. In a short
time 1900 cutters joined the club,
which had a militant program. 1t
pulled down shops on strike; carried
on mass picketing for struck" shops
and called large mass meetings.
Forced General Strike
The Cutters Club, as much as
any other single factor, forced the
I. L. G. w. U. to call the General
Strike of August. The success of
this strike is history now; 10000
dreSsmakers responded. With the
help of the N. R. A. and the bosses
dress association, the I. L. G. w. U.
was able to draw in almost all of
them.
At least 5000 dress cutters joined
Local TO- Bosses sent their cutters
to Local 10 to join up. Although
the mass of cutters did gain con-
ditions to some degree, the union
leadership gave the bosses their OPP
portunity to drive down these gains
by giving up the fight for linita-
ton of contractors and permitting
the three-scale clause to go through.
(S27 for stretchers; $37 for chop
pers; $45 for cutters).
Many cloak cutters and miscel-
laneous cutters also joined the local.
The administration permitted a
lower three-scale system in the mis-
cellaneouS industries white goods,
raincoats, etc. 500 for stretchers,
etc. Those making less than the
minimum are to be brought up to
the minimum in period of 18
months, instead of Immediately; or
6 months, as in the dress trade.
LOCAL. 10 now includes about 5000
cutters, many OF them former mem
bers OF the Cutters Club, which had
taught them what the Local 10 ad-
south, and we must give the workers
the necessary training to carry on
the work.
Some of our national leaders
| III, j - Il
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-04-25
Can You Make EN-
Yourself?

Pattern 1880 is available in sizes
IL, Il, 16, 10, 20, 30, 80, "a, 36, SO
and 40. Size 16 takes 37s yards SO
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-04-25

south, and we must give the workers
the necessary training to carry on
the work.
Some of our national leaders
should come through the south and
make addresses and talk in meet
ings to both Negro and white work.
ers. We must win the people and
give them the necessary theory and
get our papers and literature to
them.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-04-25

Down tools May list! Rally the
fight against the N.R.A.'s attacks
on living standards and workers
organizations,
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-04-25

inch fabric. Illustrated step by-step
sewing instructions included.
Send FIFTEEN CENTS (15c) in
coins or stamps (coins preferred
for this Anne Adams pattern. Write
plainly name, address and style
number. BE SURE TO STATE
SIZE.
Address orders to the Daily
Worker Pattern Department, 243
West 18th Street, New York City
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-05-01
Today S Science
BY DAVID DIETZ :

THE 2OO-inch telescope, now under construction
Il for the California Institute of Technology, may
settle the biggest question in the world the question
of whether or not the universe is expanding.
This is the opinion of DR.. Edwin P. Hubble IA
nous astronomer of the Mt Wilson observatory
whose work with the lOO-inch telescope there, the
worlds largest telescope now in existence, is largely
responsible for the expanding universe theory.
The theory that the universe is expanding like a
gigantic soap bubble into which air is blown was
first advanced by the Belgian physicist the Able
Georges Lemaitre, upon the basis of the Einstein
relatively equation. 1t found its support in the
measurements of the distant spiral nebuae made at
Mt Wilson by Dr. Hubble and DR.. Milton Humason.
These measurements disclosed the now famous
"red shifts. In every case the spectrum lines of the
nebula displaced toward the red end of the
spectrum and the farther away the nebula happened
to be, the greater the displacement
Such shift be explained at present only to
mean that the nebuae are recedng from the earth
and that the farther away nebua is, the faster it
is running away from
The nebuae are at immense distances from the
earth the nearest being almost million light years
away. A light year is six trillion miles
Nebuae at distance of $50 million miles.
cording to DR. Hubble show the incredible speed of
10000 miles second.
THESE facts have led to the theory of an expand
Il ing universe. The question however is whether
not the observed red shift actually is due to mo-
ton.
This Interpretation is based upon the phenom-
seem TO change when the locomotive is in motion.
AS it approaches. the sound goes up because the
motion crowds the sound waves upon each other,
thus raising the frequency.
As the locomotive recedeS. the pitch drops because
fewer sound waves per second now reach the
listener. In the same way. motion of star toward
the earth causes its spectrum lines to increase in
frequency and shift TO the violet. Motion away from
the earth decreases the observed frequency and they
shift toward the red.
From theoretical reasons. Dr. Hubble told me.
there ground for belief that the 200nch telescope
will settle the problem of whether the red shift in
the case OF the nebulae is due to motion to
other now unknown reason.
CPEAkING before the American Meteorological So
~ clety, DR.. j. B. Kincer head of the climate and
crop weather division of the United States weather
bureau, told of attempts of the bureau check up
theories that weather REQUIRED regular cycles upon
the basis OF which long-range weather forecasts
could be made
he said that they Investigated claims of various
scientists that weather required in eevenyear cycles
twenty-three year cycles and thirty-veyear cycles
He said that the bureaus investigation showed that
none OF these stories had any practical value
He showed studies made of the weather
thirty years 10 if there was any correa-
ton between them and the weather which occurred
IN each case twenty-three years previously.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-05-01

trying to get" something on the
administration. Facing a des-
perate reelection fight for his
senatorial seat, he sought to twist
every rumor into a deep-dyed
scandal.
Finally a story went the rounds
of the capital that certain big
Democratic politicians were spec
ulating in silver on the basis of
inside information on White
House policy Robinson imme-
diately offered a resolution asking
the treasury for list of large
silver holders. The resolution was
passed, and Robinson sat back in
gleeful anticipation At last
Roosevelt was to be smeared.
But when the treasury submit
ted its report, no really important
names we're on the list, but the
list caught Everett Sanders, ma
tional Republican chairman, and
a number of Wall Street banks,
plus Robert M. Harris and Carrie
c. Conway, two of the leading
advocates of the silver bill.
The findings, instead of being
a blow, were windfall for the
administration. They played di-
rectly into the Presidents hand,
greatly strengthened his opposi-
ton to the demanded legislation.
1t was great break. doubly
effective because it came from the
hand of Little Artie" Robinson.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-05-01
FIRST DIESEL TRAIN
TO Be SHOWN HERE
Pennsylvania Will Exhibit
Zephyr on May 9.

The Zephyr" Americas first
Diesel-powered, stream lined, stain
less steel train, will be shown in
indianapolis from 10 a. m. to 7:30
.. H. May 8, under auspices of the
Pennsylvania railroad.
Plans are under way to have the
new train attempt to exceed its rec
ord run of LOT miles an hour which
was made recently near Philadel-
phia The attempt will be made on
the Pennsylvania between Fit. Wayne
and Chicago, where lies one of the
fastest stretches of track in the
world
The entire train weighs only 100
tons, little more than a standard
sleeping car. It's three cars include
the engine and are so articulated
that vestibules between cars are
eliminated.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-05-01

TINE NEW japanese policy-it
l. has been new since Septem-
Der. 1931-renounceS the existing
limitations of political aims. No
one knows what the japanese pol
icy really is, where the japanese
are going and what they intend
to do.
The japanese themselves almost
certainly do not know. But they
say frankly that they will be the
judges of what they must do and
how far they must go, and that
while they respect our rights
under the treaties of 1922, they,
and not the western powers, are
to be the judges of China's rights.
AS long as the japanese policy
is in this sense limited in its aims
and methods, there do not exist
any longer the old foundations for
the limitation of naval ornaments.
That is the consequence OF the
breakdown of the regime OF the
treaties. It does not mean that
we should intervene in the diplo-
macy of the Orient. But it mean
that there is no basis now for
limitation of ornaments. If Japan
is to be the sole judge Of her own
actions in the Orient and the Pa
cific, the United States is bound
to be the judge of its own arn1a-
ments. AS long as Japan insists
upon free hand to expand, no
one knows where, it will be lmpoS-
sible to tie the hands of the other
naval powers.
TT would not be candid or IN
Il the long run useful to fail TO
make clear to the japanese that
treaties to limit diplomacy go with
treaties to limit ornaments. They
are inseparable. To try to sepa-
rate them, as men have tried to
do through the long discussions
at Geneva, is not only to get no
limitation, but to foment suspi-
cion and thus make matters
worse.
In the long view then we are
bound to tell the japanese that a
definition of her aims is necessary
to the future limitation of arma-
ments. 1t may we'll be that the
nine power treaty needs to be re-
vised. That is matter for diplo-
,oo+ic cjccIicSior1
But some understanding that
can limit and bind the purposes
of the naval power is necessary
before they can again limit and
bind ornaments. An underlined
policy of political expansion, such
as the japanese are now pursu-
ing, can mean only that naval
expansion will also become I'M
defined.
If, therefore, Japan is to be the
stabilizing force in the east that
she, no doubt, sincerely believes
herself to be, she will have to
stabilize her own purposes.
Copyright. 1884
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-05-01
Your Health
by DIR. MORRIS FISHBEIN

Z AT sufficient amount Of fresh fruits and vege-
II tables drink about eight glasses of water day.
take reasonable amount Of exercise in the form Of
walking bending of the body some similar form Of
activity, and, finally, establish regular time for
bowel activity never permitting anything to inter-
fere with this-and the money you might be spend
ing upon stimulation of your bowels could be applied
to some more useful purpose.
But even if you have to promote action OF the
bowels you needn't resort to any more costly or,
more effective remedy than ordinary salt water.
BY salt is meant not the concentrated EPSON or
Glaubers saltS-sodium sulphate or magnesium sui
phate-but a sufficient amount Of ordinary table
salt to make the concentration of the water that is
taken about the same as that Of the blood, eight
tenths of l per cent
When the water is taken in this concentration it
will not be absorbed rapidly and passed out through
the kidneys but will tend to pass through the stom
ach and the intestnes quickly and in that way aid
evacuation of the bowels.
The amount to be taken is about two cups of
water, to each Of which one-half teaspoonful of
common table salt has been added. The water
should be warmed to about the temperature Of the
body.
A GREAT many of the laxatives about which you
n might be aware are what medical science calls
mechanically acting substances. These include min
eral oil or liquid petroatum; agar-agar, which is
weed; pSyllium seeds which were known as a
laxative thousands Of years ago. fax seeds and BRAN
Mineral oil acts purely as a lubricant. 1t mixes
with the material in the bowels greasing and water
proofng the food and to that extent interfering
with its digestion. Apparently it does not damage
the walls of the bowel
The chief reasons against it are the fact that it
sometimes overlubricates which results in disagree
able leakage of the material For this reason there
has been tendency TO mix the mineral oil with the
agar-agar, establishing bulky jelly, which distends
the bowel and stimulates its movements.
Both psyllum seeds and fax seeds are covered
with. musilaginous substance which swells in tt
bowca and which is undgeStible.