davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-08-22
Literature Must Liberate

THE hall replied to zhdsnov with
4 loud applause. Explaining Sta
Inns definition of writers as "en-
gineers Of the human SOUL" zhda-
nov said: ITO be engineers of hui
man souls means to describe people
in their development and to depict
the motion Of reality itself. Our
literature is tendacious because our
tendency is to liberate mankind
from the yoke of capitalist slavery.
Organize your work so that it will
harmonic with the epoch. Occu-
py the foremost positions in the
struggle for a classics society"
The Congress greeted zhdanov
with thunderous applause. Before
the sounds died away, another wave
Of loud applause began. Chairman
Mikitenko Ukrainian writer. called
On Maxim Gorky to report on the
first point of the agenda Of the
Congress-. For long time he
could not begin his report owing to
the continuous loud ovation.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-08-22
tSteUedore' to Play in London
With Paul Robson in Lead

The Theatre Union has received
word from Charles r. Walker, its
treasurer, who is now in London,
that arrangements have been COM
pleted for production of Steve
dore" there in October with Paul
Robson in the leading role, played
here by Jack Carter.
Andre Van Gyseghem. who di-
rected Robson in "All Gods Chill
lun" and other plays, and who is
director for The Left Theatre,
workers theatre in London, will di-
rect the play. The play will open
for a limited engagement of two
weeks at the Embassy Theatre.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-08-22

reau under rank and file workers
control.
6. Enforcement Of payment for
overtime: minimum Of four hours
pay when a call is cancelled.
The August issue of the Motion
Picture Worker also analyses the
significance Of the church boycott
on the workers in the film indus
try. 1t points out that the boycott
is actually costly to the employers
and that they will do pre-
cisely what all bosses do when their
profits are threatened. They will
shift the burden of the whole mess
squarely on to the backs of the
workers. They will cut the wages of
the studio workers.
That will be the inevitable out
come unless the workers inmedi-
ately start to prepare for such a
wage cut"
THE maritime strike, which studio
workers followed with intense in
terest, is subjected to a keen analy-
sis showing the role of the leaders
of the American Federation of La
Dor and the Roosevelt adninistra-
ton. their use of the red scare and
splitting tactics. The position of the
Motion Picture Worker was re-
stated as believing that craft union
ism cannot possibly serve workers
as we'll as industrial unionism, but
supporting all workers struggles
and exposing all misleaders of labor.
Another article presents a series
Of questions regarding the position
of the Utopian Society on working
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-08-22
Congress Opened by Gorky

Congress Opened by GOrky
MAXIM GORKY opened the con-
III gress as the senior proletarian
writer. of whom Lenin said that he
strongly connected by his great
artistic productions the workers
movement in Russia with the en-
tire world" An ovation of greeting
lasted for several minutes before
Gorky began his Introductory re-
marks.
THE significance of the congress
is that the literature of many tribes
and of many languages of our Re
publics comes before the proletariat
of the country of Soviets and before
the revolutionary proletariat of of
all countries as one whole. We speak
demonstrating, of course, not only
our geographic unity. but demon
strating the unity of our aims,
which naturally does not deny
handicaps in the variety of our
creative methods and desires. VIC
act in an epoch of general savagery.
brutality and despair on the part
of the rgeoisie-despair caused
by the consciousness of their ideo-
logical helplessness. their social
bankruptcy in this epoch. and their
bloody attempts to turn back to the
bestiality of feudal medievalism
through fascism. We act as Judges
in world doomed to destruction
and as people announcing the
genuine humanism of the revolu-
tionary proletariat the humsnism
of force destined historically to
liberate the entire world of toilers
from hatred. greed, vileness. foolish
ness. from all the distortions which
for centuries have crippled the peo-
pie of labor"
I'VE are enemies Of private prop
erty. the terrible and despicable
goddess of the bourgeois world; en-
emies of animal individualism.
which announced this goddess by
its religion. We speak in country
where the proletariat and the peas
ants led by the Party of Lenin have
won the right to the development
of all abilities and talents, and
where the workers and the collec-
tive farmers show every day by va
rious methods their ability to use
these rights. We speak in a coun-
try enlightened by the genius of
Lenin, in a country where the steel
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-08-22
STAGE AND SCREEN

der; Burns, Allen and w. C. Fields
in "A Trip to Hollywood" and a
Mouse cartoon, "Mickey's
Steamroller," The nsWsreels feature
pictures of the Soviet Military Flyers
on their goodwill trip to Paris.
Guy Kibbe and Aline MacMahon
will be co-starred in the First Ma
tional production of Rabbit" The
Sinclair Lewis novel has been
adapted by Tom Reed.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-08-22
MERCHANT MARINE - By Harry Alan Potamkn

"All right mister donkey
men you try and get it
just you try and get it,
I wish you success
We went to the consul
the consul of Britain,
the agent of Britain
he said Il am sorry,
you have no agreement,
you haven't a claim"
The graft game is current
as flow of the sea
as flow of the river into the sea,
everywhere save
in the U. S S. R.
We find it on West Street,
American harbor,
we find it in London,
Liverpool, Cobb,
the Fink Halls OF Frisco
their scabs and their spies
and their pitch blacklist,
in Bremen and Bari,
in Bari and Brest,
in Amsterdam, Rotterdam,
Havre and Naples,
on the rock of Gibraltar.
The greasepot they feed us,
the hash and the spuds,
the fish from the barrels,
the stink Of the bilges,-
go hungry to work.
And after the trick
the pennies are gone,
you're kicked dead dog
from Church Institute
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-08-22
Philharmonic Orchestra To
Feature Manner PrO0ranls

The Philharmonic Symphony Or
chestra, under the direction of
Bruno Walter, will present a series
of special Wagnerian programs this
season with group of Metropolitan
Opera singers, including Lotto Leh-
mann, Paul Althouse, Friedrich
Schorr, Emanuel List and Marek
Windheim Mr.. Walter, who is plan
ming to give in concert form the
entire acts of "Siegfried" and die
Walkuere," will direct the Philhar-
monte for six weeks this season.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-08-22

by Gorky, the Congress elected its
leading organs. At the proposal of
the Leningrad writer, Tikhanov.
the Congress elected as their hon
orary Presidium, the Political Blu
reau led by Stain of the Commu-
mist Party, Thaelmann, Dimitrov,
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-08-22

for landlubbing seamen,
the shipowner's den
for rats of the beach
and waterloo.
We're through with this going
single like fools
Or petty in number
to scavenger ship,
tricked on the sea,
cheated of fee
and never say no.
We have seen in Marseilles
the bolshevik ship,
boom and spar vanished,
rigging and gear
sure and stout as
clean are the quarters
large and airy,
lamps for the tables
linen and bedding,
showers for cleansing
this is a home
Astern the Red Corner
easy chairs, tables,
radio, reading,
winter steam heated,
ice-water in summer.
Care for the men
in weather and illness,
ship nsny-rsnred
and none overburdened,
vacations with pay
and food to our liking.
Captain to mate
and mate to man
say Comrede and Comrades
a word doesn't CLAW
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-08-22

Donkeyman's wise
to ways of the game,
he's conned of the answer,
he's written it down,
tattoced its mark
where the mind can hold it.:
seaman and bos'n,
passer and wiper.
messboy and steward,
men of the ships
men Of the barges
men of the lighters
scows of gravel,
scows of rock,
tugs of the river,
holsters and derricks,
men of the pier
and men Of the dock,
Atlantic, Pacific,
Lakes and the Gulf,
men of all colors
men of all tongues,
join in Red Corners
not whispering corners
join in Red Unions,
turn ships of disaster
to ships OF Cosnrade,
bolshevik ships
whose harbor is homel
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-08-22
First Congress in the History of
World Literature" Says Maxim Corky,
Opening Writer'S Congress in Moscow

will of Stain is working tirelessly
and magically."
With the close of these words, the
silence of the hall was broken by a
storm of applause. Cries of pleasure
and applause continued for long
time. After the Introductory speech
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-08-22

Our Readers Must Spread the
Daily Worker Among the Members
of All Mass and Fraternal Organ
izations AS a Political Task of First
Importance.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-08-22
Foreign and N ativ e
Writers Fill Great
Trade Union Hall
tsp.eI.l . d. paIIr worterl

MOSCOW, Aug. 20.-In opening
the Congress of Soviet Writers
here, Maxim Gorky called it the
first congress in the history of world
literature, and the congress of the
Youngest, the most theological and
the most advanced literature in the
history of mankind. and therefore
the judge of world doomed to de-
struction.
This congress began its work with
great simplicity and restraint. On
panels surrounding the historic hall
in Moscow of the Dom Soyusov-
the House of Trade Unions-in
which the country paid its last
honors to the great Lenin, hung
portraits of those whose classics and
whose heritage has been accepted
and multiplied by the proletarian
dictatorship, and whose creative
heritage has right to a decisive
voice at the congress-Sophocles,
Dante. Shakespeare, Ceramics, Bal
FAC, Heine, Puskin, Tolstoi, Sherni-
shevsky and Chekhov.
Soviet literature is not only the
literature of the Russian language.
In the hall. writer's from all the So
Wet Republics of the Soviet Union
and therefore the languages of
many nations-could be heard; and
among the European costumes
could be seen the national robes of
Uzbekistan, Caucasian costumes,
etc. In the hall Of the first con-
gress in the history of world litera-
ture sat representatives of foreign
literature, its living forces strangled
in their own countries, and believ-
ing that Moscow exists in the
world" They came here not to be
put on literary parade. but to bring
back creative report of the pro-
duction of Soviet literature to the
working class.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-08-22
''BOurgeOisie Living in
Epoch of Savagery
and Despair

and Gorky. The proposal to elect
to the honorary presidium the lead
er Of the German proletariat, now
pining in fascist dungeons, was
greeted by unceasing applause from
the Congress. The applause arose
again from all the delegates when
Gorky was elected the chairman of
the first Congress of Writers of the
Soviet Union.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-08-22

A Red Builder on every busy
street corner in the country means
a tremendous step toward the
dictatorship of the proletariat,
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-08-22
"a Worcorr Poem based on corre-
sponderce to the Daily Worker and
the Marine Workers Voice.

shC AFAdAAAC VI hCAo VUtCCJ
Six donkeymen we
hired on West Street
by shipping master
of merchant marine.
The job that was ours
was keeping the steam
in auxiliary boiler
of proper sea-vesse1
venerable vessel
of merchant marine.
Graftmaster took us
set us to work
keeping the steam up
keeping the steam up.
Made no agreement,
graftmaster said:
Ihere'S depression,
haven't you heard?
wages we pay you
are English in scale"
Scaled English wage
to mercantile men
is set to rule,
as we understood:
for overtime hours
an extra is paid.
We asked for our pay
in a donkeymsn's way.
We called on the purser,
he frightened his purse
and he pursed his lips;
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-08-22
LABORATORY
AND SHOP
By DAVID RAMSEY


Science and Jobs
1T is fairly well known by now
L that even If production could
reach the levels of 1929 there would
still be eight to ten million perma-
nently unemployed workers This
fact has led to the emergence Of
two opposing schools Of bourgeois
thought. One school Of theorists.
rejecting the interests Of capitalists
in the older industries which are
overdeveloped in relation to the
capitalist market. clamor for a
moratorium on science and inven-
ton. According to them, science
takes away jobs and is at the root
Of our economic and social ills.
This idea of the necessity for
technical retrogression in order to
make jobs has already had certain
practical effects. Several Of the
manufacturing codes have clauses
designed to stif1e further technical
improvements. In connection with
public works projects. labor saving
machinery is frequently not used. in
order to make" work. A couple Of
years ago a western state passed a
road construction bill which pro-
vided that no machinery should be
used. An amendment was offered
which proposed that the workers
should be equipped with teaspoons
instead Of shovels so that the maxi
mum number of jobs could be pro-
Vided.
The crisis, needless to say was
not the product of the advance of
technology. The latter plus the in
creased productivity (exploitation)
of the workers during the twenties
widened the gap between produc-
ton and the consuming capacity Of
the capitalist market. During the
years of the crisis, although produc-
ton moved downwards, the produc-
tivity Of the workers increased 81
Per cent in five years, according to
the National Bureau of Economic
Research. This increased exploita-
ton is continually narrowing the
consuming powers of the capitalist
market and will produce new and
more acute phases of the crisis.
Technology is thus factor that ac-
CELEBRATED this fundamental contra
diction of capitalism.
To call a moratorium on science
will not solve the crisis or provide
jobs for the permanently unem-
ployed. The popularity of the idea
among the bourgeoisie is, on the one
hand, reflection of the deep
seated capitalist crisis; on the other
hand it represents an attempt to
solve the problem by throwing the
burden on the workers through
making them share work. Obvi-
ously the capitalists will not scrap
the machinery they need for war,
or that part of technology that is
still profitable.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-08-22

Note: Harry Alan Potamkin,
who WIS the first 10 use Workers
correspondence as themes for
poetry, wrote Merchant Marine
almost two years ago. He was
actively engaged in other literary
and Communist activity when his
untincly death occurred about a
year aga
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-08-22

growth of reserve army Of unem-
ployed). But today in the period Of
capitalist decline there are no pro-
spects Of inve'.ions that would lead
to the creation Of gigantic new in
dustries. The only technical changes
that apparently are profitable are
all Of a minor nature, in the sense
that they will not reyolutionize the
methods Of old industries or create
new ones. Most of the possible
technical changes come into con-
fiict with vested interests. What
few are put into operation result in
an enormous displacement Of work
ers which only further aggravates
the course of the crisis as the gap
between production and employ
ment increases.
Thus technology in the period Of
capitalist decline runs up against
the barrier Of capitalist maladjust-
ments. and in turn because capital
ism is sitting its progress. it sc-
centuates these disturbances. Tech
nology cannot free capitalism from
the crisis. nor provide jobs for the
permanently unemployed. It can
only displace workers in those in
dustries which are re-equipping
themselves with more efficient ma
chinery.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-08-22
Wednesday

SpleNQlQ program Doing drftubeus
Wednesday
LECTURE Artists in the Soviet Union"
at Artists Union, II W 18th St, $50 pm.
Speaker, Charles Fe-lin. former Moscow
Correspondent for the New York Sun
"A GERMAN Refugee Spekas Out at
Hotel Newton. Broadway, bet, cath and
95th ST., $50 pm. Speaker, Maria Hal
herstadt. a German refugee. Auspices,
West Side Br. F.SU.
ALBRION HARTwELL on Fascist Ten
denotes in U.s.A." at l40 Second Ave. 8
pm Auspices: Stuyvesant Br. A.w.F. Ad-
mission free.
RED HEAD" Midnight Movie Show,
Friday. Aug. "a. 11;lS pm. Allorton Thea
re, 74a Allerton Ave, Bronx, Proceeds
'or Childrens Camp wo-Chi-Cha. Adm. zoe.
WORKERS LABORATORY Theatre pre-
sents Yosel Cutters inimitable Puppets;
5unin Brothers clevre Marionettes Work
ers Lab. "Comrade Punch" Guests Of
Honor (?l Pres. Roosevelt, La Guardia,
Gen. Johnson. The Blue Eagle, Friday.
Aug. "a, $50 pm. Irving Plaza, 18th st.
and irving Place. Adm. 50c.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-08-22
A Vaccine for
InfantiIe Paralysis

THE development Of a successful
method of immuIlizing people
against the scourge Of infantile pa
ralysis has been announced by DR..
John A. Kolmer of the Temple
Medical School. A vaccine was de-
veloped by DR.. Kolmer and his as
sistants from the spinal cords Of
monkeys. after the disease had been
artificially induced in the animal.
The vaccine is treated with sodium
ricinoleathe. which is obtained from
the castor bean. This chemical. ac-
cording to DR.. Kolmer. does not kill
the virus but deyitalizes it.
For two years the vaccine was
tried on monkeys until the results
became almost 100 per cent success
full. Previously ell attempts to vac
cinate monkeys with q completely
killed or sterile vaccine ~ failed.
Apparently the vaccine must con-
tain small amount of devitalized,
but living, virus to be really eff
fective
A few months ago the vaccine was
tried on DIR. Kolmer and his tech
nical assistant. They experienced
no i'll effects except slight sore
ness at the sites Of the injection
1t is the belief of the scientist that
eventually" vaccination against in
fantile paralysis will become as
routine as immunization against
smallpox and diphtheria.
If the vaccine should prove of
value, 1t will add an important
weapon to the physicians arsenal in
their fight against infantile paraly-
sis, which only this summer reached
the proportions of an epidemic in
California. The first important test
is confirmation of the validity of
DR.. Kolmer's experiments. Sec
ondly. one wonders how long it will
take before all children are immu-
nized, if the vaccine should prove
to be successful.
This last question is in order, since
| the research institute where DR..
Kolmer works has been operating
since the war on funds it made
from the sale to the Public Health
Service Of a preparation developed
there. And already DR.. Kolmer
speaks of charging 50 or So for the
vaccine per person, although he adj
mits that it costs only 30 cents to
prepare. This will mean another fat
endowment for the institute, but
what unemployed father will be able
to immunize his children?
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-08-22
Aberdeen. Wash.

RED BALL at F.wA Hall. ITO NF. St.
Saturday. Sept. l. pm. Dancing. Walls
4-piece Orchestra Adm. Csc Auspices:
Grsys Hsrhor Sect. Of CT.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-08-22

IN opposition to those who call for
1 "a science holiday" of indefinite
duration is a school of bourgeois
theorists who to large extent rep
resent manufacturers who would
like to launch new industries such
as pre-fabricated housing, stream
lined locomotives. television. etc.
This group maintains that only new
inventions will make more Jobs and
lead to the restoration of prosperity.
Included in this school are many
scientists who are becoming worried
about the continual decreases in
laboratory and research budgets.
When capitalism was on the up
grade, technology, as Marx pointed
out. continually revolutionized the
methods of production and led to
the creation Of. new industries.
These created employment for
workers following for the normal
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-08-22
WHAT'S ON

KEEP Sunday, August 26, Openl Daily
Worker Picnic at North Beach Park.
Splendid program being arranged.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-08-22

''Change the World Column Temporarily
Suspended
Due to the illness of Sender Garlin the Change the
WOrd' column is temporary suspended Other features
will replace it,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1934-05-14
BONUS MARCHERS
PLAN AIR APPEAL
Leaders Seek to Bring More
Veterans to Camp
Near Here.

Disappointed in the small number
of ex-service men who have registered
for the 1884 bonus march, leaders OF
the National Veterans Rank and File
Committee today sought to arrange
a radio broadcast from Fort Hunt, Va,
to call upon veterans to come on to
Washington.
Today the registration at bonus
march headquarters was still less
than 800. When the first of the men
arrived here they predicted the par
ticipation of $500 or more by today.
Instead of coming in large contin-
gents, however, the veterans have
drifted in in twos and threes.
Meanwhile protest against feeding
and housing the bonus marchers with
Federal Emergency Relief funds Is
planned tomorrow by group Of
women now on relief rolls. A permit
for a parade was issued Saturday to
Mrs. Mary A. Mcconnell, wife of Ed
die Mcconnell, veteran who served
as Gen. Pershings chauffeur during
the war Mrs. Mcconnell has enlisted
the support of several other women
receiving relief and they plan to
march from the Peace Monument up
Pennsylvania avenue to the White
House to deliver their protest.
Yesterday hundreds of Washing
tonians visited Fort Hunt to see the
veterans, who spent the day at ease
in their comfortable quarters over
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1934-05-14
Girls Heart Takes
Brief Vacations;
Cause Is UnknOlU1,
Katherine Anderson, 9,
Confident She viii Out
gro,U Condition.
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
DENVER, Colo, May 14.-Kath-
crime Anderson's heart takes a brief
vacation now and then, but she was
confident today that she has long
life to add to her nine years.
Since birth, physicians said, her
heart has appeared to stop beating
and then started again. The family
physician told Katherine's parents,
Mr.. and Mrs. Herman A. Anderson,
that there was no explanation
At the time of the hearts stop
ping" physicians said, they were
unable to detect heart beats with
their instruments and that so far as
that test was concerned the girl was
dead" Each time she has quickly
revived and has experienced periods
of normal health.
TT doesn't worry me-" Katherine
said. Il will outgrow it."
The child weighs 80 pounds, about
80 pounds below normal.
I'm trying to get fat" the girl
explained, land I'm awfully tired of
cod liver oil. I drink quart of milk
a day and like that. Spinach is
swell, too, but I wish they'd never
heard of carrots"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1934-05-14
employed-that's the reason for the
subsistence homesteads.

employed-that's the reason for the
subsistence homesteads."
Replaces Cotton Ed" Smith.
Until Bankhead took his seat, Sem
ator Smith of South Carolina, IA
military known as Cotton Ed" was
the Senate's authority on cotton.
Farm Administration officials say
the Alabaman was responsible primar-
lily for the 10-cent loan plan which
Steadied cotton prices early last Fall
and he has advocated baleage control,
rather than acreage control, since he
went to Congress. The Bankhead bill,
intended to limit marketings from this
years crop to 100000 bales, is the
result.
A Bankhead has been in Congress
since March 4, 1887. The Senator's
father was elected to the House then
and later to the Senate. Before he
died, his son, a brother of John, Rep
resentative William B. Bankhead, took
his seat in the House.