The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1934-03-07

IDENTIFY hau HoI Soh'i".
q permanent court and the Amer
lean plan was rejected and the
British proposal was accepted, in
stead. 1t provided instead OF
Judges, list of competent per-
sons. called arbitors. Each nation
was to name four persons for TINS
list, from which list each nation
that is party to the dispute can
choose two arbitrators, these tour
to choose an umpire.
The administrative work con-
rected with arbitrations was to be
carried on by council made up
of the diplomatic representatives
of the nations at The Hague. me
list of arbitrators, with the coun-
ell of administration. is called the
Permanent Court of Arbitration
usually referred to as The
Hague court.
Forty-three nations became
members of The Hague court I'M
Guiding the U. S.. and since It's
establishment in 1899, eighteen
cases have been submitted to it
for arbitration. Our government
under Theodore Roosevelt, SUBJ
mitted its first case, controversy
between the u. S. and Mexico. ;
The Hague court is really nov
a court in the proper sense of the
word. but list of persons hvlng
in their homes, who can be called
to act as judges and clerks Of
flee to carry on the business when
an arbitral tribunal is selected.
It's headquarters is at The Hague,
in the beautiful Peace Palace built
for it by Andrew Carnegie.
The second Hague conference
met in 1907. The u. S. delegates
again urged the establishment of
q permanent court of information
al justice. Mr.. Choate, the U. s..
! delegate, presented the American
draft for a court of justice and
pointed out that the result of the
first conference had NOT been ade-
ouate to meet the demand of the
nations; that it was only a court
in name-a frame work for the
selection of referees for each case.
1 1t was at this conference in
1907. the American plan for a
court of justice was accepted and
all the essential features were
agreed on, except the method of
electing judges. The difficulty in
electing judges was due to the
fact there were a small number
of large nations and large num-
Der Of small nations; the small
nations demanded equal sovereign
! rights and the large nations, with
their larger populations and more
extensive interests, were unwilling
for the small nations to have the
choice of judges.
Thirteen years afterwards the
League of Nations established the
World Court. Article IA of the
covenant Of the League states
"The council shall formulate and
submit to the members of the
League for adoption plans for the
establishment of a Permanent
Court of international Justice"
etc.
On February 13. 1920, the
council of the League appointed
an advisory committee of jurists
to draft a plan for the court. The
! committee consisted of ten men,
all citizens of nations members of
the League. except Elihu Root of
the U. S. They drafted a statute
or law for the court and it was
submitted to the first assembly of
the League in Geneva in Novem-
Der. 1920, and on December 10.
1920, it was unanimously adopted
! with a protocol. or treaty, prefix
ed, stating. eff the member MAJ
tons, through the signatures of
their representatives, would de-
clare their acceptance of the stat
ute of the Permanent Court of In
J ternational Justice and accept its
jurisdiction. it would go into eff
| feet as soon as a majority of the
nations. members of the League,
ratified it." By September Ia,
1921, it had been ratified by more
than a majority and the World
Court was established. Fifty-five
of the GO nations of the world
have signed the statute.
The court consists of fifteen
judges, nominated by the mem
bers of the Court of Arbitration
and elected by the council and as
sembly of the League. Only one
judge of any nation NAV be elect
ed. They are elected for nine
years and may be reelected. They