davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-01-04
Militarizlng the JobIess

4 NEW scheme has already been put into operation
~ by Roosevelt which imposes forced labor on another
large section of the unemployed workers of this coun
try. On Jan. began the rounding up of all home
less unemployed OF all workers travelling on freghts or
hitchhiking transient" forced labor camps are
already in operation and this month they are to be
widely extended These forced labor camps which are
IMPOSED the homeless unemployed under threat Of
iaii sentences, pay few cents week wages They
affect all homeless unemployed, many Of whom are
travelling looking for work They set up new supply
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-01-04
U. S. FLEET in
SECRET WARGAME
in THE PACIFIC
u. S. Leads Britain i.
Rattleship Race; A
Cruisers Begun

SAN PEDRO, Calf, Jan. 3.-Under
conditions of strictest wartime sec
recy, a U. S. feet of 100 fighting ships
steamed out into the Pacific today for
three days battle exercises, as U. 5.
Imperialism continues to sharpen its
existent weapons and rush new naval
construction for war. The COM
manders OF all the vessels had sealed
orders as they left their bases here
and at San Diego.
WASHINGTON, Jan. S.-The U. S.
Navy laid the keels for four addi-
tional new warShips at Fore River
Mass, today, under a program call
ing for immediate construction OF
eight warShipS at an estimated cost
OF $4,000 600 each. The Vincennes,
one of the vessels on which construc-
ton was begun today, will cost SILL
10000, and is the 18th heavy cruiser,
constructed or begun, in a program
Of IS heavy cruisers adopted by the
Roosevelt administration.
LONDON, Jan. 3.-"Jane's Fighting
Ships" 1888 edition, rated as the
most complete and authoritative
handbook of navies in the world,
says that the U. s. navy has
three battleships ahead Of Britain
and declares the latest heavy cruisers
constructed by the U. S. and Japan to
be greatly superior to those Of Britain,
although Britain still maintains the
lead in numerical strength in this
category. It shows the principal inn
perialist powers possessing the fol-
lowing craft, not including those now
under construction in the frantic
naval race:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-01-04
Union Names Work
ers Who Are to Get
Bonuses
BY vERN SMITH
,aiIy Worker MOSCOW Correspondent

Daily Worker Moscow Correspondent
MOSCOW, u. S. S. R. CBy MaiD
In the Soviet Union the factory
produces for the working masses of
the country, not for a boss. There
fore 1t is no corporation, no capt.
talist, no owner, but the working
masses and nobody else who profit
by increased production. More prod
ucts means not an industrial crisis
as in a capitalist country, but higher
wages, higher living standards. more
and better houses, more schools, the
aires and more extensive cultural life
generally.
At the time when most of the fac
tories of western Europe and America
are shut down, when the Roosevelt
government establishes codes to still
further limit production, when Wash
ington makes laws to plow under the
crops and to drown little pigs in
the rivers-the entire complex net
work of Soviet life, all its organiza-
tons and most Of the individuals in
them, are Straining every effort to
increase production of everything.
A Soviet Collective Agreement
That Is why, for example, the COL
lective agreement between the ad-
ministration management of the
First State Ball Bearing Factory here
in Moscow, and "the workers, en-
gineers, technicians and office work
ers (of the factory being represented
by the Factory Committee Of the
Construction Union Of General
Machinery starts out in a way
that simply couldn't be in capital
list country.
The urfon is here, as a good union
should be elsewhere, the workers
basic and most general form of Or
ganization. It takes in everybody
without respect to age, sex, color,
creed, nationality or political opinion,
SO long as he is a worker in the
mill and isn't actually betraying the
rest of the working class. 1t is a
voluntary supported organiza-
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-01-04
How Union Agreements Are Signed in the USSR

ton, and practically everybody be-
longs to it. There are many advan-
tages in being union member, in
surance, etc.
Article I of this years agreement
between that union and the manage
ment Of the First State Ball Bear
ing Factory, reads:
This agreement has, as Its main
task, the realization of the decisions
Of the January Plenum of the Cen
trail Committee and Central Con-
troll Committee of the Communist
Party, the Six Points of Comrade
Stain, and the decisions of the
Ninth Congress of Trade Unions:
to secure the successful fuifiilment
of the production of the mill in
1888, the first year of the second
Five Year Plan, and on this base
to further improve the material
and cultural living conditions of
the workers, engineers, technicians
and Office workers of the mill.
For the realization of these
tasks, the administration, the fac
tory trade union committee, the
workers, engineers, technicians and
office workers, take upon themselves
an obligation, by means of streng
thening of proletarian workers
discipline, further development of
socialist forms of labor (which are
socialist competition, shock brig
AIDES, counter industrial Elan, cost
accounting brigades) and also on
the basis of the mastery of tech
nique and of the projected capacity
Of equipment, to secure the un-
conditional fulfillment of GualiGa-
tive and cumulative induces of the
Plan, which are as follows:"
Then follow proposals to produce
about four times as many bearings
in 1888 as in 1882. There follow
also scales of basic wages, hours OF
work, regulations about the living
conditions of the workers, about the
sums set aside to assure them 6
regular supply Of articles Of genera
use, food, clothing, etc, at stores
right near the factory; regulations
about the factorys financial contri-
button to the health, education, socia
life, social insurance, general culture
and amusement of the workers ano
their children, and so on and 50 or
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-01-04

matters 1 want to take up in other
articles
How Production is Raised
But here we can notice some fur
tllcr provisions for increasing produc-
ticn-that basic thing on which in
the final analysis all this food and
culture and education and SO on will
depend.
The collective agreement states:
1.-THE productivity of labor must be
raised by 512 per cent through:
naturalization e per cent?; better
use Of working day and decrease of
absenteeism OF per cent?; less
machine idleness g per cent?; in
creased piece work (15.2 per cent? !;
more intensive labor Is per cent?
and other measures"
It also declares: Lowering of cost
of production by 32.4 per cent must
be secured by growth of productivity
of labor (3.06 per cent?; rationaliza-
ton measures Us per cent?; cut in
non productive expenses (273 per
cent?"
Then the collective agreement IT.
self outlines plan for specific con-
crete separate agreements in each
shop, with a program of work for
each shop for each quarter year,
divided into monthly periods. The
exact date these shop plans are to be
submitted by the administration to
the workers and their brigades in
each shop are carefully set. These
are production and financial plans.
and the voluntary organizations of
workers, the brigades, pledged to
carry through such plans, will dis
cuss them and devise ways and means
of getting the job done.
The idea of personal responsibility
for the JOB which prevails in the
administration of the factory extends
to individual workers. The collec-
tive agreement states whole series
of measures the administration must
perform, ito evade depersonaliza-
ton Among them are these: ITO
attach each worker definitely to GER
tain shifts, certain working benches
or machines, and certain equipment
and instruments" This direct con-
nection Of the man and the machine,
which let's him learn its peculiarities,
and also face the results of his good
or bad care Of It, extends even to
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-01-04
Mass Arrests in
Chile and Uruguay
InNeWReyOltP Plots

MONTEvIDEO, Jan. 3.-With re-
ports from Argentine indicating the
rapid spread of the armed uprising
led by the Irogyen party, two other
South American governments today
announced discovery Of plots all
legedly aimed at their overthrow.
The Uruguayan government or
dered a court martial Of 10 army
officers, 10 sergeants and 40 privates.
charged with supporting q plot for
an uprising and aiding civilian
groups to obtain arms. Many soldiers
and civilians have been arrested.
The Chilean government claims to
have nipped similar plot, with the
arrest yesterday OF 100 persons. The
plot was headed by former Preside
Carlos Ihanez. 1t was supported.
is said, by Colonel Grove and otLs
petty bourgeois leaders Of last years
revolts, which were signalized by
rapid overthrow Of various Chilean
governments and the projection on
the scene of the Chilean proletariat
as an independent force, under the
leadership OF the Chilean Comniu-
mist Party, in the increasingly bitter
social and economic struggles grow
ing out Of the severe world capitalist
crisis, which affects the semi-colonial
South American countries with par
ticular severity.
In Argentine, the rebels are In con-
troll of Corrientes Province, where they
have set up government. From Cor
rienteS they are sending an expedition
down the Uruguay River In an attempt
to retake Paso de los Libres, captured
several days ago by Federal troops.
Severe fighting between rebels and
Federals is also taking place h
four other provinces.
Meantime hostihties are expected
to be resumed by Jan. In the two
year Chaco war between Paraguay
and Bolivia, while Colombia and
Peru are rushing preparations for
war over the disputed Leticia region.
The new round OF wars and revos
lutions in South America reflect the
rising struggles of the impoverished
workers and peasants, as well as
Anglo american rivalries, tremen-
dous1y sharpened by the maneuyers
Of U. S. imperialism in the recent
Pam American conference; and the
growing split in the bourgeois land
lord camps in the various countries, as
the deepening agrarian crisis inten-
sites the struggles Of the various
cliques for state power, emolunents
and graft.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-01-04
Costa RIGA FIouts Washington

SAN SALVADOR, Jan. 8. The
government OF Costa RIGA has rec
ognized the FL Salvador Govern
ment of Gen. Maximiliano Herman
DEE Martinez, in defiance of the
Washington Governments ban on the
Martinez regime, which came into
power with the aid of the British
rivals of U. S. Imperialism.
Costa Rica is believed to be sup
porting an anti-U. S. bloc Of Carib-
bean states, organized by the British,
as an answer to the Montevideo
Conference, sponsored by U. S. I'M
perialisrn.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-01-04
Phila. Pen & Hammer
Orders 100 Copies of
Anniversary Number

PHILADELPHIA, Pa.-The Pen
and Hammer Club of this city placed
an initial order for 100 copies Of the
28-page, tenth anniversary edition of
the Daily Worker.
Copies will be distributed among
the students in the classes conducted
by this organization. There is great
likelihood that, this order will be
increased before the issue comes off
the press on Jan. 6.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-01-04
British Cruiser at Montevideo

MONTEvIDEO, Jan. 8. The
British cruiser Exeter" ar6Sed here
today. It's arrival significantly coin
cides with uprisings and anti-goven-
ment plots in several South American
countries, rejecting the sharpened
rivalry of British and U. S. imperial
lists since the Montevideo Conference,
as well as increasing discomfort
among the industrial and agricul-
tural workers and petty bourgeois
masses as a result of the severe
agrarian crisis.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-01-04
Peru AbOlishes Municipal
Elections

LIMA, Peru, Jan. S.-Town mayors
and councillors throughout Peru re-
signed on Sunday, and were replaced
by appointees by the president under
a new law concentrating power. in
the hands of the president and abol-
ishing municipal elections, thus cur
failing the franchise rights of the
masses,
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-01-04
Soviet Spot Payment of
Interest

NEW YORK-Interest was prompt
ly paid yesterday on the ten million
gold ruble Soviet per cent ten-year
bonds at the Chase National Bank,
paying agent. Payment was made
in U. S. currency at the prevailing
rate of exchange.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-01-04
Fire Destroys Private Art
Gallery

OTTAWA, Ont, Jan. 2.-Fire de-
stroyed paintings valued at 100000
in the home Of John Gleeson, wealthy
paving contractor here today. He had
been twenty years collecting them.
Most valuable of the paintings lost
was the angels Choir" by Sir An
thony Van Dyck, Flemish painter,
reputed to be worth $4,000. Among
others lost were one by Corot, three
by Gustave Courbet, and two by
Joseph Israels.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-01-04
Military Road To Link Bagdad
and Haifa

HAIFA, Jerusalem, Jan. Fear by
British flnanciers that a projected
desert railway from Bagdad to Haifa
would not bring in profits quickly
enough has led to the abandonment
of the project. The military needs
of imperialism are to be served, how
ever, by construction Of paved mill
tary road between the two points.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-01-04
Foreign News
Briefs
Mexico Makes Payment On
Warships

MEXICO CITY, Jan. 3-The Mex
lean Government transferred $500, 900
today to Spain, in part payment for
IS warships under construction in
Spanish shipyards. The total bill is
$4,480,0o0. All of the ships are to be
delivered this year.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-01-04
Paris Brokers' Clerks In
Protest Strike

PARIS, Jan. 8. - Clerks in Paris
brokers establishments Joined the
rapidly spreading strike movement
today, carrying out a fifteen-minute
strike in protest against recent firing
Of their fellows.
With the rapid deepening of the
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-01-04

financial crisis, which took on panic
proportions a few weeks ago, French
employers have been carrying
through wholesale lay-offs, reflected
in the tremendous rise in unemploy-
ment during the past month.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-01-04
Is Executed in Afghan Kings
Murder =.

DELHI, India, Jan. 2.-Sixteen ex-
ecutions and two sentences of life i'm
prisonment have been the result thus
far of the Investigation of the cons
piracy in the recent assassination of
King Nadir Shah at Kabul, Afgha-
nistan.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-01-04
$50 Miners Caught in Mine
Crash

PRAGUE, Czechoslovakia, Jan. 8.
"A hundred and fifty miners were
entombed when the bracings on a
shaft crashed and trapped them. 1t
was feared many were dead
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-01-04
CORRECTION

typographical appeared in yesterdays
editorial in this column entitled "A Capitalist Con-
gress" One section Of the editorial referred to
100000. jobess workers" This should have read
100000 jobless workers
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-01-04
DISTRICTS, CHECK uPI

All Districts, check up on orders
sent by your units and Sections for
the anniversary edition to avoid
Implications in your main order.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1934-05-02
MIDWEST DROUGHT IS
THREATENING RUIN

CONTINUED from page ohe.'
the result of spring weather WHICH
filed the skies with dust storms.
Twelve dust storms have swept
n ,@ Iowa and Nebraska, rip
ping. newly planted SEGA lroi'
the ground. WISCONSIN
s,vamn and brush fires were re
o"r.ad The drought brought I'M
petus to the spread OF tne ciif"o of
bug pest in the southern nan u
Iowa. IT.: cot aside
so5o' 1000 Yesterday to fight the
$I aset menace. In Minnesota and
+he Dakotas the grasshopper
plague threatened extensive DAM
In the fight against grasshop-
ners only a wet spring can bring
effective elimination of millions
Of eggs and newly Matched in
Sects.
"If current weather conditions
continue, the A.A.A. crop reduc-
tion program in Minnesota will
he an ironic joke R. A. Trovat.
ten. Minnesota commissioner OF
agriculture said. reports from
ali sections show drought condi-
tions. Sub-soil moisture Is low.
Farmers are prayin" for rain"
Dairying was described as hard
hit because of lack Of forage.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1934-05-02
RELIEF FOR DEBT
RIDDEN CITIES SEEN

Continued from page one.)
toed a bill which would have re-
uuired the postoffice department
to retain all of the $4,000 sub
stitute workers now on its rolls
and to pay them minimum wages
of approximately $50 per month,
Thousands of the substitutes
have had little or no work in re-
cent years. Their plight was the
subject of much consideration in
congress and the vetoed bill was
designed to aid them.
Mr.. Roosevelt in disappearing
the measure pointed out in a
message to the house that sat
this time, the postal revenues are
increasing and more work is be-
ing provided for the substitutes
Therefore, from a humanitarian
standpoint, there appears to be
no need for legislation of this
character"
The presidents chief objection
however, was based on the prin
ciple that "this appears to be 6
relief measure for a particular
, class of our citizens and as such
is clearly discriminatory"
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1934-05-02
COYLE AGAIN WILL
RUN FOR CONSTABLE

Through his volunteer campaign
managers, R. E. Coyle, known to
MANY friends as "Major Hoople,"
TODAY makes announcement that
he will be a candidate for con-
stable of Hendersonville township
in the Democratic primary.
Mr.. Coyle is at present visiting
in Hays, Va, but will return
shortly to make an active cam
paign. He was defeated by a
small margin by Constable Jerry
Orr in the last primary.
He is a native of Gaffney, ).
c., but for the past nine years
has been a resident of Henderson
county. He enlisted for World
war service and, being turned
down for physical disability, was
drafted, and again rejected. he
was then a member of the Camp
Wadsworth fire department, later
named assistant chief, which posi-
ton he held until the camp was
disbanded.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1934-05-02

by last Sunday were: Mr.. and
Mrs. ]. w. Whiteside, Mr.. and
Mrs. Luther Laughter and chill
dren, Mr.. and Mrs. Whit Ownby
and children. Mrs. Willard LYDIA
and P. B. Gibbs.
Mr.. and Mrs. John Moore and
daughter, Johnnie Ruth, visited
DR.. and Mrs. C. w. Freeman last
Sunday.
Mrs. w. S. LYDIA and daughter,
Gladys, and Mrs. ]. c. Barnweil
visited Mrs. ]. L. Ownby last Sat
urday.
Harland Ledbetter, of Blue
Ridge. La. arrived Saturday to
visit his parents. Mr.. and Mrs. V.
G.. Ledbetter. His wife will ar
rive at a later date.
Mrs. W. E. Barnwell, of East
Flat Rock, spent Saturday night
with Mrs. Wilburn Brown.
Miss Myrtle LYDIA and brother,
Ohio, visited their uncle and
aunt, Mr.. and Mrs. z. W. LYDIA,
of East Flat Rock, Monday.
Harland and Reginald Ledbet-
ter visited their sister and her
husband, Mr.. and Mrs. E. D. Saltz
of Valley Hill, Sunday.
Miss Vivian Davis visited the
Misses Sue and Ira LYDIA, Satur-
day afternoon.
Mesdames C. w. and R. n,
Freeman visited their mother,
Mrs. Mary LYDIA, Friday.
Mrs. Claude Willis and Miss
/ Inez McKillop visited Mrs. Iona
Wheelon last Sunday.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1934-05-02
BAT CAVE

BAT CAVE. May Mrs. 1.
W Freeman and son. Clarence,
visited her sister. Mrs. Butord
Havdock and family recently.
Dewey Sumner, building COR
tractor at Bat Cave. is building a
summer home for Mr.. and Mrs.
r n Hood, of Charlotte.
John A. Bryce, who has under
gone 4 serious operation at Ruth
erford hospital, is home again and
very i'll.
Mr.. and Mrs. ]. f. Johnson and
Miss Miller, of Asheville, and
Mrs. Bertha Heagan of Bat Cave
motored to the famous tulip farm
at Latimer last Sunday. The tu-
lips were at their best. The cars
were parked on either side for a
half mile.
The Wednesday Bridge club
met with Mrs. Tom Turner Of
Chimney Rock last Wednesday af-
ternoon. A mock shower was
given to Mrs. L. Logan of Chlni-
ney Rock by the members of the
club. Mrs. c. D. Sumner won
high score; Mrs. Annie Northera
won travelling and low prize.
Mrs. Ben Freeman entertained
with two tables of bridge Satur-
day afternoon in honor of Mrs.
Herman H. Harrison and Mrs
Burgess of WadesbOro. Prizes
were won by Miss Blanche Harrl-
and Mrs. Cranfield. of Bat Cave,
Mrs. Herman II. HardisOn won
the guest prize.
Three graduate girls from
Bethany Home, Glendale, o.. mo-
tered here for a couple of days.
They visited four of the sisters
who are on a months visit at
their summer home in Bat Cave.
Mrs. Robert MeSSer and family
visited her sister, Mrs. viii Viii
liams, recently.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1934-05-02

who have been living in Hender-
sonville and have come back to
their home here, have been very
i'll with colds.
George Love, who has a posi-
ton in Washington and has re-
turned home on account of beng
i'll, has undergone an operation
for appendicitis. His many friends
are very much interested about
him and hope for his speedy re-
covery.
Capt. B. T. Egerton. w5o has
spent the winter at Orange Lake,
Fla, has returned to his home
here with Mr.. and Mrs. Albert
BroyleS.
Mrs. Clara Randall, of Ashe-
vile, spent the weekend with her
sister, Mrs. J. C. Heffner.
Charles Powell, after spending
most of the winter in Florida, has
returned. His many friends wei
come him back.
James Clayton and Wick Will
liams. went to Fleetwood hote,
Monday.
Mrs. ]. C. Heffner and daugh'
ter, Willie, spent Sunday witt
Mrs. Heffner's parents, Mr.. anc
Mrs. Hatcher, in Hendersonville.
Rev. and Mrs. Ernest Ross, OF
South Carolina, formerly residing
here, when he was minister IL
this community, spent the pas
week at their lovely home in Up
per Shaws Greek.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1934-05-02
SISTER MARY'S "a
KITCHEN zSsSA9
BY MARY E. DAGUE
SEA Service STAN WrltPr


1T seems tat the tempe. 2tuf' Of
| water is a small point to en-
, )hasize, but the woman who has
Kept house for years knows that
rs attending to the small things
hat makes for efficiency in house
lold affairs.
or Course vegetables must be
"crisped" in very cold water, but
for the first washing to remove the
sand and grit You will find that
tepid water does the I lex in half
the time. Spinach, leaf lettuce,
broccoli, all the root vegetables,
asparagus and beans are more
easily washed in water that is
luke-warm or even warmer.
Warm water should be used to
spray house plants, in order to
remove the accumulation Of dust
from the leaves. Here again tepid
water is more etfica .ilus than
cold.
In Washing Furniture
For the washing of painted
woodwork and furniture, warm
soapsuds is used. A heavy lather
first, tken a cloth wrung out of
warm, clear water and a final pol
ish with soft cloth and all finger
marks and smudges disappear like
magic. For finished natural.
woods, complete the cleaning with
Q rubbing with furniture polish
or liquid wax. For mahogany fur,
hiture, use chamois in place Of
CLOTH one for the washing anC
another for the rinsing.
Very hot or boiling water is the
simplest and quickest way to re
move fruit Stains from table
elottj and napkins. II the who'll
cloth does not need laundering
stretch the plP g with the stail
In embroidery hoops and pour no
water through.
II you use hot water to sprin
kle clothes they will be ready 70
ironing within fifteen or twent
minutes. A garment or piece Q
linen dampened with hot waite
and rolled tight is Of the sam
dampneSs all over and irons 6
easily as one which was damn
ened with cold water and above
10 stand over night. Try il SON
day when you are in a hurry
iron and can't wait to "dampe
down" the laundry.