davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-10-25
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The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-07-12
Escape from the Nazis
: The Sonnenburg Torture Camp

took them in. Now they have been
put into an orphanage, the address
Of which the father has never been
able to learn.
Another man, miner from the
Ruhr district, Hans H, received
word from the hospital sisters and
from his wife that his baby was
dying. He asked for a leave of alb
sence in order to see the child be-
fore its death. It was refused.
A young worker, father of five
children, got news that his wife,
who was suffering from a nervous
breakdown, was about to give birth
to another baby. The woman was
so tormented by the Imprisonment
of her husband that she had de-
cided to go to Sonnenburg to see
him. The husband, afraid that the
journey might be fatal to his wife
in her condition, asked for leave.
This was refused him.
Fritz, one Of the prisoners from
the district Of Lauterbach, received
telegram from his mother an
nouncing the death of his father.
With the telegram in his hand he
went to Bruening to ask him for a
leave. But Bruening only smiled
and answered: What? A leave of
absence for a mere nothing like
that. Of course. not. ="
But the most awful sights of
Sonnenburg are to be seen in the
hospital wards. Here we saw men
who were deaf mutes, others half
blind. One of them was unable to
walk and had to be carried to the
toilet. Another, war veteran,
was stretched out on his back with
curvature of the spine. Another,
a barber, was sent to Berlin in Au-
gust because of his diseased eyes.
Souvenirs" from the Nazis.
In the north wing on the second
floor there is a prisoner, a certain
Schultz, who lost one arm and one
leg in the World War. Wounds on
the crown of his head inflicted by
the Nazis, compel him to wear
thick bandages on his skull all the
time. He was put on the second
floor to make it necessary for him
TO climb up and down the stairs.
A man from Wiesbaden, who was
treated for many months for A
catarrh Of the vocal chords, had in
reality an active case of consump-
ton. In spite of this, he shared A.
small room with five other men
who we're thus constantly exposed
to contagion. In the end he was
transported to the state hospital in
Berlin, but his condition is so bad
that he is not expected to live an
other year.
A certain zobel, a former athletic
director, has an open wound in his
stomach due to an unsuccessful
operation"
None of these men can leave
Sonnenburg. They are taken out
only to die.
Ito be continued)
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-07-12
Stage and Screen
CheLyuskin Heroes Visit
Soviet Film Studios

MOSCOW. - The CheIyuskinites
and the pilots who rescued them,
on their recent visit to Moscow,
spent much of their free time in
sightseeing and paying visits to
the various institutions of the So
Wet capital. Everywhere they went
they were greeted with enthusiasm
by the workers.
A special visit was made to the
Moscow Film Factory (Soyuzkhro-
nika) by Professor Schmidt, Cap
tain Voronin, Ushakov, the avi-
ators Kamanin, Liapidevski, Molo-
kov and Slepnev, the radio operator
Krenkel and others with their fam
lilies. At the studio they were shown
special film, Reception of the
Heroes" which showed the arrival
Of the Chelyuskinites at the White
Russia-Baltic Station, the triumph
ant procession through the Moscow
streets. and the meeting and DEM
onstration on Red Square. They
were also shown the material for
new film, Heroes of the Arctic
Regions"
The Chelyuskinites and the avi-
ators also paid visit to the Gen.
trail (GorkD Park of Culture and
Rest. Here they were entertained
at the Vakhtangov Theatre with a
special performance Of "Interven-
tion," drama by Slavin. B. E.
zakhav, director Of the theatre, de-
livered a speech of welcome on be-
half of the players.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-07-12
Thursddy

HARLEM WORKERS SCHOOL Summer
Lecture Course. Otto Hall on History Of
the Negro in America" 200 w. i35th st.
Room 214-A. T:30 pm.
LECTURE ON "Anti-Fascism in Ger
many" United Front Supporters. IL w
18th St., $50 pm. Morris Taft. first
speaker, in International Survey Lecture
Series on Thursday nights.
IMPORTANT MEETING Of the Film Sec
tion, Film and Photo League, pm. All
members present.
MAX LEVINE, National Vice-Chairman
''Icor," lectures on "Biro-Bidjan" New.
ton Hotel, Broadway between cath anc
95th St. $50 pm. Auspices: West Side
Br. F.S.U.
CHAS. ALEXANDER lectures on "Thc
Negro Race as a National Minority" l. W.
o. Youth Br. VI, 1913 E. fremont Ave,
Bronx. $50 pm.
business meeting of the Alfred Levy Br
LID. 1888 shefaeld Ave, Brooklyn, $3.50
pm.
THE TOM MOONEY BRANCH of the
LID. will hold their regular membership
meeting at their new headquarters, Thurs
day. July 18th. at 220 E. 14th St, 8 pm
tTcp Floor. Watch for further announce.
rlents regarding our affair for Tom
Moonev.
Friday
CONCERT AND DANCE - Ouartets by
Haydn and Mozart. other numbers. Pierre
Degeyter Club, S E. 10th St., $40 pm.
Adm. use.
NOTICE to ell units and mass organza
tions Comrade Clarence Hathaway viii
speak in Concy Island on Friday, July
9th. at the Workers Club. Mermaid Ave
and 9th st. Plesse do not arrange any
affairs on that date
PICNIC AND ENTERTAINMENT Sun.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-07-12
TUNING IN

1900 M.-wEAF-Basebau Results
WOR-Sports Resume-Ford Prick
wJz-Lopez Orch.
wABC-Beal4 Street Boys. Songs
5-wEAF-Gene and Glenn-Sketch
WOR-Comedy: Music
WJz-Ed Lowry, Comedian
WABC-To Be Announced
T.30-WEAF-Shirley Howard, Songs: Tris
WOR-Talk-Harry Hershhelo
WJz-Choosing a Career In Journal-
ism-Paui Patterson, Pres. Baltic
more Sun. and Three Students Of
Journalism
wkBC-Sylvia Froos. Songs
7:45-WEAF-To Be Announced
wOR-The ONeills-Sketch
wJZ-Amos N Andy-sketch
wABC-Boake Carter, Commentator
:oo-WEAF-vallee Orch; soloists
WOR-Little Symphony Orch. Philip
James, Conductor; Nathalie Bosh-
ko Violin
wJZ-Gritz and Gravy-Sketch
wABC-Evan Evans, Baritone
s;15-wABC-Current Topics-Dr. Walter
B. Pitkin, Author
8:30-wJz-Gale Page and John Fosarty,
Songs
Philadelphia Orch, Concert,
Eugene ormandy. Conductor, al
Robin Hood Dell Paramount Park,
s:45-wJz-Igor CORN Baritone
00-wEAF-Captain Henry's Show Boat
wOR-Rod and Gun Club
WJZ-Death Valley Days-sketch
Hargrave, Baritone
s:i5-woR-Della Baker. Soprano; william
9:3o-wOR-Paulins Alpert. Piano
WJZ-Goldman Band Concert, New
York University Campus
e:45-WoR,-T'he witch's Tale
CONGRATULATIONS Orch.
WJz-Canadian Concert
-Conhict-Drsmstic Sketch
i0.15-woR-Current Events-H E. Read
wABC-symphony Orch; Howard
Barlow, Conductor
0.3o-woR-Berrens Orch.
WJz-Archer Gibson, Organ
10:45-wABc-Fray and Bragsiotti Piano
II 90 wEAF-Your Lover, Songs
WOR-Weather; Van Duzer Orch.
wJz-Davis Orch.
WABC-Vera Van, Contralto
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-07-12

that construction would be started
on four new ships. Italy, on March
6, proclaimed that it would match
French increases, ship for ship"
"TF the figures are specifically
examined, the armies of the i'm
perialist nations seem to be at about
the same size as in 1913 Actually a
vast increase has taken place. This
increase is based on three factors.
ed In all armies the number of
professional officers has been in
creased GU. S. army, 4,500 in 1913 to
$4,000 in 1880, or 200 per cent?. As
suming a highly trained body of
leaders, an army can be assembled
overnight. This increase in the
number of trained officers denotes
an actual increase in armed forces.
I'm all the main conscript armies
the term Of service has been de-
creased. But this has been accom-
panied by shift in methods of
training producing the same results.
For example: General Hapgood of
the U. S. Army declared, We pro-
pose to put infantry into the line
of battle within ten days after they
are indicted into service by
teaching the recruit how to lie in a
trench before he learns how to drill
on the parade ground tNew York
World-T Telegram, April 10, 1889
go determination, rather than
man power, is the real factor in
disclosing imperialist preparations
for war. $10000,000 of the P. w. A.
funds were granted for mechanical
ton Of the army in 1933-in addi-
ton to the regular budget. Armored
cars capable of so miles an hour
on plowed fields; small tanks trav-
cling a mile minute on concrete
highways, huge mobile forts, steel
castles on tractor treads-all are
being stored up in undisclosed
numbers.
"One hundred and twenty five
miles of underground concrete for
tif1cations lie along the French
eastern frontier from Luxembourg to
the Vosges Mountains. They pro-
tect the iron and steel holdings of
the French capitalists and threaten
the iron and coal holdings OF the
German capitalists in the Saar.
which lies within range Of their
guns. The entire population of this
region is modified in special corps,
ready to proceed underground upon
declaration of war. Five days be-
fore Christmas, 1888, it was an
nouncel that these underground
forts would be extended from Lux
emburg clear to the North Sea.
Through such mechanization
every imperialist nation has i'm
measurably strengthened its armies,
preparing for the next occasion
when it shall be necessary to fight
to preserve or increase profits"
The above is another excerpt
from Labor Fact Book III by
Labor Research Association.
Watch for future installments in
the Daily Worker. Readers are
urged to obtain this valuable book
with facts every worker wants
to know. The popular cloth bound
edition for Csc can be obtained
from local Workers Bookstores or
directly from International Pub
lishers. ISL Fourth Avenue, New
| York City.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-07-12

do anything"
Then the Committee to Get
Water went to Mayor Mark E.
Moore, who has distinguished him
self in recent days by his violent
statements against the steel work.
ers' unions and against their strike
preparations. Moore also said he
had no power. 1T is foolish to ex-
pect me to do anything" Moore
said. IT would have to take the
matter up with the state legisla-
ture." Moore finally said, Il will
take the matter up with the city
council. But I am sure they have
no money for that purpose. The
city has no power to turn on your
water unless the owner of the house
gives his consent" (The water is
shut off by the landlord as soon
as the rent falls behind.
Fight Goes On
And so the fight of the Negro
workers-and white workers TOTO
secure water, continues in Youngs-
town.
Youngstown is steel trust town,
and therefore is a Jim Crow town.
There are two bathing pools in
Youngstown, one for the Negroes
and one for the whites. Negroes
can go into theatres and movies,
providing they sit in the galleries.
There is vicious discrimination in
restaurants.
Il have been a steel worker for
30 years" one Negro said to me. Il
went into Clark's restaurant few
days ago to eat. I had to raise hell
before could get any food" A
state liquor inspector went in there
few weeks ago and could not get
served.
The Central Auditorium of
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-07-12

Youngstown is owned by the Home
Savings Bank. The League Of Strug-
gle for Negro Rights recently rented
this hall for meeting. The night
of the meeting, the Negroes we're
told they would have to use the side
entrance, that it would be bad to
have too many Negroes going in the
front way.
The steel trust terror comes down
most heavily, Of course, on the Ne
gro steel workers. They get the
worst jobs and the smallest pay.
They are Disseminated against in
the Amalgamated Association of
Iron Steel and Tin Workers "a. F.
Of L.. And police terror against
them is particularly strong.
There is the case, for example,
Of a Negro worker named Silas
Grumpy, who was shot down in
cold blood and killed by police a
couple Of years ago while attempt
ing to escape" His brother told me
that Silas was arrested on suspicion
on the streets. No charge had been
placed against him. He was beaten
in the police station, and ran away.
The police shot him in the back.
The policeman was suspended from
the force for a time, but is back on
the Youngstown police force today.
This is picture of the Negro
steel workers and their families
in a Northern steel tOwn-Jim
CrOwed, Disseminated against,
segregated, terrorized, hungry, and
even deprived Of water. The
Steel and Metal Workers Indus
trial Union is fighting against
such conditions as these and car
rying on campaign for the de-
mands of the Negro steel workers
in Youngstown.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-07-12
Youngstown Negroes, Deprived Of Water,
jailed for Tapping City Fire Hydrants

the lack Of water. In another case
Negro woman who is so years
old went to the hospital. She came
back, too i'll to more than walk.
She has no one to carry water for
her. She can not even wash.
Early last month, on the initia-
tive of some members Of the Unem-
ployed Councils, the workers began
to organize Neighborhood Commit
mittees to Get Water. Within a
few days 10 families, almost all Ne
groes, were registered by these COM
mittees as deprived Of water. There
were 20 listed on one street-West
Ryan Ave. There are hundreds who
have not yet been reached by these
committees.
Mrs. Blumenthal, a housewife who
went with one Of these committees
to demand water, told me the story
Of their visit to the water COM
missioner, Dan Parish. Fifty fam
lilies had signed our petition de-
manding waterg she said. I'VE
told Parish about the spread Of dis
ease. About the suffering. Parish
refused to do anything, saying he
had no power. We will give your
answer to the workers. we told him.
I don't care a damn for the work
ers,' Parish replied, and you can
tell them that. I don't care who
knows it,"
The last word Parish gave the
Committee to Get Water was, Il
will carry out the law and prosecute
anyone who uses the fire hydrantS."
The Committee to Get Water then
went to Youngstown's Commissioner
of Public Health. He admitted that
if the workers don't have water, dis
ease will spread. you heard what
Parish said" he concluded. IT can't
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-07-12
By CARL REEVE


Since this article was written,
William de Barbour has been SEN
fenced to IL days in Jail for tap
ping fire hydrant to obtain clean
wrter to wash his clothes in
Editors note.
THE Youngstown daily Vindicator
4 calls the main Negro section OF
Youngstown Monkeys Nest" This
Is indicative of the social position
of the $1,000 Negroes in this steel
center. The Negro workers of
Youngstown work in the Youngs-
town Sheet and Tube Co., U. s.
Steel subsidiary, in the Republic
Steel Co., the Sharon Steel Hoop
Co., or one of the other great steel
mills Of the section. They work as
laborerS. They work as helpers.
They work at any job they can get.
Sometimes they are paid as high
as AZ cents an hour for this killing
work. Generally less.
Monkeys Nest" and the other
neighborhoods where Negroes are
segregated: Rows of dilapidated,
grimy, wooden frame houses, over
crowded, often two and three fam
lilies stuffed into one-fanily houses.
Paint long worn away, the aged
houses are dyed a grey-black by the
smoke belching from the steel mill
chimneys.
No Labor Shortage
There is no shortage Of labor now,
and the Youngstown Vindicator
carried an article each month say
ing that the Negroes should be de-
ported to the South They don't
want to work, the Vindicator said,
they are a lazy lot.
OF late, even water has been taken
away from the Negro families of
Youngstown. There are hundreds
Of families in Youngstown, some
white, mainly Negro, where the
water has been shut off for months.
When a Negro worker loses his Job
and can't pay his rent, off goes his
water supply.
Until recent weeks, the Negro
workers solved that problem. They
took water from the fire hydrants.
Each family had its wrench, its
tubs and buckets. The fire hydrant
was the spigot. They filled the tubs,
carried the water home.
But in recent weeks, the police
not only arrest any one caught tax
ing water from the hydrants. They
confiscate his tub and wrench as
well. Sometimes they beat him up
in the bargain. A few weeks ago,
15-year old boy was sentenced to
four days in Jail. His crime was !:
stealing water. In some places the
local authorities even allowed spigots
on the fire MIGRANTS. These have
now all been taken off.
THERE is white woman on West
l Rand Street who is 80 years old.
She lives in an eight-room house
where the water is shut off. She
is not able to wash herself let alone
clean her house, because there is
no one to carry water for her. In
another family, tuberculosis has de-
veloped and was helped along by
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-07-12
LaGuardia Cops Kill
Unborn Child of East
Side Jobless Worker

NEW YORK. Vittoria Raffe,
who was brutally dubbed by police
in demonstration Of unemployed
workers before the Spring Street
Home Relief Bureau on May 10.
while she was in the eighth month
OF pregnancy, gave birth to
dead child last week. AS result
of the clubbing by the police, Mrs.
Raffe, after the still birth suffered
severe and dangerous hemorrhages.
When tried before Magistrate
August Dreyer at the Tombs Court,
Vittoria Raffe was given 80 day
sentence and sentence was sus-
pended because of her pregnancy.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-07-12
United States Leads Armament Race,
Labor Research Association Finds

THE Roosevelt government is not
only boosting armament figures
to new world highs, 'but funds for
this criminal waste are being stolen
directly from the workers." de-
clares the Labor Research Associa-
ton in Labor Fact Book II, new
handy reference volume of 222
pages just published by Interna-
tional Publishers.
Quoting from authoritative
sources, the book calls attention to
the fact that during 1933-34, the
Roosevelt administration spent
$337 900 900 for the Navy. War De-
partment expenditures totalled
$765 100000 for the year, including
$300,O00,000 for the Civilian Con-
servation Corps and $137,000 900 for
rivers and harbors. For 1895. actual
expenditures for the Navy will run
to at least S454, 900, 900.
OF the 1934-35 appropriation for
the Navy, Sal 100000 was coming
out of P. w. A. funds, and 8,000,-
900 from the economy" measures
of April and May, 1888. In other
words, employed government work
ers who had their wages cut, vet
Grams who had their benefits re-
duced, and unemployed workers who
were supposed to benefit from the
P. w. A. are all forced to con-
tribute quite directly to Roosevelt's
big Navy" program. It will be
remembered also that during the
summer of 1898 announcement had
been made of a 1898 100000 grant
to the Navy from the Public Works
Fund. This grant was made on the
basis of a claim that naval con-
struction would Immediately reem-
ploy large numbers.
Actually" as Labor Fact Book
III points out, "only S35,000,000 of
the sum was to be spent in 1888 "a,
despite the claim of relieving I'M
employment; Sal 100000 of the re-
mainder would be spent some time
between July /, 1884 and June 30,
1895, covering about rs per cent of
the cost of naval construction in
that period.
1.-THE total P. w. A. funds allotted
the navy were quietly increased to
$274 ,000, 000-but no money was as
yet set aside to meet the cost of the
102-ship Vinson program. estimated,
upon final passage of the bill. to
amount to between s750,000, 900
and $1,000,000,00o! At the lowest
estimate S475 100000 more would
still have to be appropriated in adj
dition to the usual budgets in 1886
and 1887.
Japanese naval expenditures for
1934-35 approximately $146, 1000. 000)
will be 20 per cent greater than
those for 1933-34, though the budget
as a whole is decreased. In addi-
ton huge building program is
announced for 1868, while naval
maneuvers are to be held annually
rather than every third year.
1.-THE British imperialists, through
the mouth of Neville Chamberlain,
announced on March % that
Britain would enter the race if the
other nations refused to reduce ar
maments. But the British naval
budget for 1934-35 (f56,55o .000) had
already been increased per cent
over the 1o33-34 figure!
France. meanwhile. announced
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-07-12
PHILADELPHIA. Pr.
VII Rogers To Visit The
S0Uict Union

LOS ANGELES. - Will Rogers
is planning a new world tour that
Will include Soviet Russia. His plans
were disclosed when he applied for
passports for himself, his wife and
their two sons. He listed his occu-
patton as journalist.
you needn't worry about me
being an alien" he said, when the
passport clerk asked for his birth
certificate. us Cherokee Indians
don't have birth certificates and I
never had one. None of us came
over on the May1ower but we we're
here to meet those who did,"
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-07-12
By ROBERT HAMILTON

BY ROBERT HAMILTON
THE current issue Of the Com
i munist international" a double
number 9-10, should get especially
wide circulation because Of the
variety and the importance of the
material authoritatiyely discussed
in it.
The leading article, May Day
Review Of the Revolutionary Forces
of the Proletariat," deals with the
outstanding results and lessons Of
the May First action of the prole-
tariat throughout the world.
This is followed by an essay by
v. Knorin, 1.-THE Leader Of the
World Proletarian Revolution" dis
cussing the revolutionary achieve
ments of Comrade Stain in con-
nection with the 10th anniversary
Of the publication Of his mastery
Foundations of Leninism." Knorin
outlines Stains contribution to
Marxist-Leninist theory, pointing
out that:
"The Opportunists tried their
best to stamp Leninism-this in
ternationaI theory of the prole-
tariat-as product Of purely
Russian conditions. What did
Stain do? He defended Leninism
as the theory Of the international
proletariat, as Marxism Of the
epoch of imperialism and the pro-
letarian revolution, as the theory
and tactics of the proletarian
revolution in general, as the
theory and tactics of the die
tatorship of the proIetariat in
particular"
This article, containing a brief
summary Of Stains life as a revo-
lutionary, should stimulate interest
in the Forthcoming revised English
edition which is to replace the dis
torted translation that has been
current in the English language for
so many years.
THIS double issue also contains the
i speech made by Comrade Losov-
sky at the 18th Plenum of the Ex-
ecutive Committee of the Commu-
mist International. THE Next Tasks
of the International Revolutionary
Trade Union Movement" This
speech should receive the widest
circulation and be thoroughly dis
cussed, particularly now in connec-
ton with our drive for more in
tensif1ed work within the reformist
unions.
Losovsky demonstrates tn at
never before have trade union
questions assumed to such an ex-
tent the importance of political
questions" which is proved right
here in the U.SA. by what is now
happening on the Pacific Coast, as
we'll as in New Jersey. He criticizes
the prevalent tendency to minimize
the Importance of trade union work
saying:
very often people are sent into
the trade unions when they are
no good on other work, on the
mistaken supposition that they
will be good there carrying on
mass work"
A very important section of
Losovsky's speech deals concretely
with work in the fascist trade
unions wherever such exist, from
which much can be learned regard
ing the way to do work inside the
enemy organizations.
HARRY POLLITT, leader of the
III Communist Party of Great
Britain, gives a detailed and in
structive analysis of the York Con-
ference Of the Independent Labor
Party in his article, 1.-THE Labor
Party. the LIP, and the Commu-
mist Party" This outlines the tasks
facing the members of the CPG.B.