davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-07-11

With Dant and Flora leading the attack
THS heights 4 pay i%G pPs H hdEt sundaS
ana desire game with fast state team for
July %. Call K. Osborne al DreXel 1926
or write l103 Hanna avenue, indianapolis
Banner Farms Dairy nine defeated Mar
went the route on the mound, while Raush
and Sanders starred at the plate.
Beech Grove Reds trimmed Frankfort.
6 to l. Kimberlin's hurting, and circuit
clouts by Lady and Lopez featured the
contest. Reds mix with I. A. M; AS
Beech Grove, md ''
Ben Davis Merchants broke even over
last weekend when they dropped a Ma
s fSc ou heilsge SEaS 10 s. Wiz
a three-run squirt in the eighth frame.
Merchants tangle with Republican Club
FASTENERS at Ben Davis. Merchants race
a heavy schedule for next four Sundays,
Peoples Motor Coach. July %, and Banner
Diaries. Aug 5.
U. S. Corrugated Box team is without a
from 5 iO cr eIut cfy f Gas 70 Teams dess
and 80 p. m. or Cherry Ossl'
Indicated Forty-Ninth Street Troians
want weekday games Gail Hum6oldt
5761, and ask for SHIN. or write Shin
With Trapp striking out fifteen batsmen.
to aggregate a total of nifty strike-outs
in the four games he has hurled for the
took the measure of Dayton Aviators. 8
to l. TWO home runs featured the tilt,
S Soard franz in he sscona Gnf n3g ND
Sickle blasting another in the eighth.
ants viii meet Celina 90 Red Sox.
Board at Perry stadium Saturday at I:5o.
the race for Industrial League leader
ship. AL players report at l2;l5.
CastIeton swamped East Side Cubs. 9
to 0. Castleton will be seeking its tenth
Merchants invade Csstleton next Sunday.
West Side chevrolets will play return
tb Ttn c oilers nS av S 81 Reno aS
and Myres will form the Chevies battery
Saturday, Chevies will meet Atlas Beers
in a league tilt at Riverside No. D.
Weber MIX nine we're handed their sec
ond setback OF the season oy Cumoerlano
Merchants, to l: We6ers tang!e With
Webers desire games with fast teams in
August. South Side Merchants, Mars
Hill and Oak Hill Flashes take notice
Write Joe Hotopp 1902 Martin street. or
call Drexel 1850, after $50 P. m.
Midway A. c. lost a loosely PLAYED tilt
Vetters pitched effective ball after reliev-
ing Zimmerman. but poor support lost
the game Prather. jenkins and Shoch
turned in good plays for los6s. Midways
tackle Leon Tailors at Riverside No. 8
next Sunday. Miller viii be on the mound
with Gray receiving. Midways need serv-
ices of GOOD catcher Those interested
are asked TO be at Smith a ssler-S turm
store tomorrow night ct 1880 o'clock.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-07-11
Indians Tackle BreWers
as MLLers Push FOrIU0rd
Red KeerS HuSting League Leaders Resume Action at
Milwaukee; BuShmen Sweep Columbus Series
By Times Special

n
eagueleadng Indians
the ouTday stand at Borche field home
Of Allan SOthOTOns
Mies
Chief Kilefer a hold the flag position.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-07-11

Columbus ..-..... 600 0O2 DOL : 10 o
Minneapolis ...--..- 303 020 ok 9 y /
Greer. Cross. Sims and ODea; Petty.
and Hargrsve.
Louisville .......-.. 100 800 600 10 3
Milwaukee -...-..--- 100 600 0l0-
Peterson and Thompson: Polh and
RenSa. SuSce.
Toledo ............. 500 600 OOl-6 g O
ST. Paul ..-........ 600 COL 03l- 5 6
Sundra. Perrin. Bowler and Gsrbark;
Thomas. Brown and Fenner. Giulians.
Indiana polls and Kansas City; PLAYED
IN double-heaoer. July s.
No big league games scheduled; su-star
game.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-07-11

Chicago AZ Boston two games.
PITTSBURGH at New York.
ST Louis ar Philadelphia
Cincinnati at Brooklyn
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-07-11

The MillerS got back on stride in
their home park and knocked of
Columbus four straight, proving
that the Bushmen are up to their
old tricks of looking the part OF
champions in the bandbOX park at
Minneapolis.
It was believed that Lefty Bob
Logan would be sent to the Tribe
mound in the series opener with
the Brewers this afternoon. The
Sothoron brigade is in fifth place,
but is only five games back Of the
Indians in first place.
Manager Killefer is well satisfied
with the record of his team on the
current road trip. The HooSier
FASTENERS have won five and lost
three since leaving home, breaking
even at Louisville and capturing
three out Of four in Kansas City.
The Indians and K. c. Blues were
idle yesterday owing to the fact
the game was played of IN a
double-header last Sunday. After
four games here, the TribeSmen
will hop TO Minneapolis to begin
a series with the NIillers on Sunday.
All games in Milwaukee, Mime
apolis and St. Paul Will be daylight
contests. Night ball is not played
in the northern cities of the Amer
lean Association.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-07-11
AMERICAN ASSOCIATION
AMERICAN LEAGUE
NATIONAL LEAGUE
Games Today


INDIANAPOLIS at Milwaukee.
Columbus at 81. Paul
Toledo at Minneapolis emo game; played
or previous date.l
Louisville at Kansas City mighty
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-07-11
AMERICAN LEAGUE
NATIONAL LEAGUE

New York at Cleveland.
Wa Shington at Detroit.
Only two games scheduled.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-07-11

Four Minneapolis home runs. two
by Wright. former Oklahoma a. and
NJ. star. accounted for SIX OF the
Millers' runs at Minneapolis yester-
day. Hargrave and Arlett also hit
fer the circuit. jess Jetty scattered
ten Columbus hits. The score was
o TO 3. II was Petty's thirteenth
victory Of the year against four de-
featS.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-07-11

ST. Paul's winning streak was
snapped at seven by Toledo when
the Mud Hens got away TO a five
run lead in the first and scored the
winning run in the ninth. The
final game count was 6 TO 5.
Jim Peterson outpitched Tony
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-07-11
Semi-P Pro, Amateur Baseball

University Heights topped So-Athics, 9 to
6. Heights play at Mars Hill next Sunday
and desire game with fast state team for
or write l103 Hanna avenue, Indianapolis
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-07-11
Results Yesterday

AMERICAN ASSOCIATTON
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-07-11

U. s. Corrugated Box team is without
tilt for SATURDAY. due to a Withdrawal
contest call Cherry 4472-W between u
and 80 p. m. or Cherry 039l.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-07-11
Midget Cars Replace Dogs

Midget autos are replacing dogs al
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-04-07
By Eddie Ash
Davis Sings Blues, Watkins Is Happy
May Be Other Way Around Next Fall

WHEN George (Kddo) Davis, outfeder traded by
the champion New York Giants to the ST. Louis Car
dlnas week he ready to break out in tears
Fact is it hurt him he left the Florida training camp of
the Giants and returned home Bridgeport Conn.,, for
rest to regain coposure George mighty proud last fall
when the Giants the pennant and ne helped defeat the
Washington Senators in the world series by batting 368
But the Giants this spring decided they needed long dis
stance efthanded hitter and Davis sacrificed to obtain
George Watkins.
Mr.. Watkins was a Cardinal holdout but gave three
cheers when the deal put through that sent him to the
champions He joined up and stated he over
oyed to become fugitive from the Cardinal cham gang
Kiddo Davis shook off the blues and working hard
with the Cardinals 1t would trick of fate it, in the fall
ST. Louis lands on top with the pennan and the Giants finish
out Of the world series melon.
It's difficult matter to read the future in baseball For
example, the Giants picked finish sixth last and
up first place. after which they captured the long
end of the title series money 1t be Kddo Davis turn
to laugh next fall while George Watkins means low
worked for all it's worth in the major
reported dust off Mickey Corane
nch the Cardinals and phe account
OF the trouble between frankie Fh aa jimmy d abb1 street
Wilson thought the job belonged to him Wilson now pilot OF the
delivered by Dizzy Pitcher
Guy the Dean broadcast set him
afame Dean quoted saying the Cubs we're ana ne hopeo
for the cards Bush reported the speech
Charlie Grimm send him against n Dean He
inning with an avalanche of six runs
ON pitchers Bush and Dean
~ ptted Bush again reminded
the result that the Cubs aided
twentieth of the season Il hope manager
the Cubs time the Cardinals send Dean
Bush said recently 7 get
beating that once than do winning from any one
Cubs 1924 Last
study pitching
style Of of the New York Giants
the American Association The ST Louis
baseball boards
Columbus Red Birds Base
indianapolis
baed
Columbus
Red Birds 1t announced that ouelder Lewis
Columbus exchange the
Indianapolis ro poly will be interesting watch Lazy Bones
Columbus stadium
"Streaks
apart rather ndif
him shake off that tired south
feeling
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-04-07

a MONG the women bowlers of
n indianapolis who will bid for
high scores and high stakes in
the women's international cham
pionship tournament at the Prit-
chett alleys here April 10 to May
6, inclusive, will be Mrs. Samuel
Baxter of the Cooks Goldblume
team. She is averaging about 1874
in the local Rose Tire Ladies
League and about 156 in the
William H. Block Optical League.
Her Jack G. Carr team rolled a
game of 1,011 this season.
Mrs. Baxter was a member of
the squad that won the team
title in the women's state meet of
1888 and also was a member of
the Heidenreich Florist team when
the Florists posted the single game
record for city women's teams,
1923.
The international Women'S
Bowling Congress is looking for.
ward to a successful tourney in
indianapolis and as many as 200
teams are expected to compete,
from all sections of the country.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-04-07
BY DANIEL
Rafting for Ine WiIIiamsl


EEMPHIS, Tenn, April Twill
1V1 liam Joseph KLEIN, dean of
National League umpires and stem
torian poet laureate of his line,
dawdled over his ham and eggs,
sauSages and divers other impedi-
menta of a Klemian breakfast today
and once more announced himself
as the man who never has called
one wrong"
This self-portrait of KLEIN is far
from a pose. Bill actually believes
it to be a most faithful picture. No
man in any phase of baseball ever
has believed in himself more than
does this veteran shouter of strikes
and balls. Past so, but looking at
least ten years younger, still spry,
still aggressive for his rights and
more jealous than ever of his privi-
legeS. KLEIN is about to enter on
his thirtieth season as an umpire
in the ancient circuit.
Retire? What for?" roared
KLEIN, like Demosthenes shouting
over the waves, and the adjacent
crockery ratified as if in a Los
Angeles temblor. II have umpired
more than five thousand games and
have seen myself develop financially
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-04-07
Terry May
Make Deal
Giants Manager Reported
as Considering Parting
With HurIer.
By United Press

By UHited Press
MEMPHIS, Tenn, April MAN
ager Bill Terry of the world cham
pion New York Giants, who is sup
posed to have one of the most bril-
liant pitching stats in history, an
nounced today that he was nego-
tiating for another experienced
hurler.
He indicated that the deal was
nearing consummation, and added,
"A player and cash will figure in the
transaction"
Five defeats in seven games with
the Indians apparently decided
Memphis Bill upon this move. He
declined to reveal further details
until the deal is completed.
Players and writer's figure Terry
will trade infielder Hugh Critz or
an outfelder for the pitcher to the
Braves or Cardinals. The Braves.
it is understood, might exchange
pitcher Huck Belts for Critz to re-
place the injured Rabbit Maran-
vile. Or the Cards might give Bill
Hallahan for a flychaser. The re-
fusal of George Davis to report to
st. Louis has left frankie F'risch
in a serious predicament. Still other
rumors have an outf1elder going to
the Dodgers. This seems unlikely
because Casey Stengel needs pitch
ers worse than Terry.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-04-07
BY DICK MILLER

Many answers have been received
to the mathematical golf schedule
problem that confronted John L.
Niblack and Kenny Hoy as they at
tempted to arrange team match
program for the five clubs of the
indianapolis Public Links Golf As
ISOLATION.
Most of the solutions offered have
one team playing two matches on
the same course. Some have two
matches or four teams playing on
the same course the same day,
which would interfere with the
play of the regular patrons who
are not involved in the matches.
Niblack today presents a few adj
ditional points for the mathematical
experts to consider in working out
the problem.
First, no team is to play more
than one Of its matches with the
other four teams on the same
course.
Second, no team is TO play more
than one match on any one day Of
five set aside and not more than
one team match is to be played on
any one course the same day.
The five association clubs are
Coffin, Riverside, South Grove,
Pleasant Run and Sarah Shank.
The dates that the courses are
available for these inter-associa-
ton team matches are June 3, June
"a, July 8, Aug. II and Sept, 8.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-04-07
Amateur Mat
Hopefuls Meet

Thirty-seven amateur wrestlers
today will participate in the In
diana-Kentucky A. A. U. graphing
tournament at the indianapolis Y
NJ. c. A. The finalists in each weight
division will be determined through
this afternoon and will meet for
the titles tonight.
Medals will be awarded the first
three places in each division. Win
ners will be eligible to enter the
National A. A. U. championships
at Ames, Ia, April 10 and Il. In
dianapolis entrants are:
Robert Bennett Of the "Y," 1875
pound class; Thomas Strouse, ~, -
135-pound class; Allie B. Beetle, Fl.
Benjamin Harrison. 145-pound class;
Walter Bouman and Ed Queen
berry, ~" 155-pound class; L. F.
Lonsberry, "Y," 175-pound class,
and Harold Joliff, ~" heavyweight.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-04-07
en- Bewails Lack of Youngsters in Umpiring Game

from SIS a contest back in 1902 to
1925 for my daily job in the 1882
world series. During the Florida
boom I was worth $5OO,OOo But at
no time have I given any thought
to quitting.
II have a lot of work to do, not
only as an umpire, but as a teacher
of the young idea. What ailS the
young men in baseball today? Why
do they shy away from un1piring?
1t is comparatively easy work, the
hours are short, the pay is excel
lent, and your years of service are
long. And yet it is getting more and
more difficult to get umpires of
major league quality"
THE interviewer suggested to
Il KLEIN that since he had been
on the job in the National League
from 1905 without a break, he owed
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-04-07

it to would-be umpires to draw up
a credo for them.
"The average fan believes that
eyesight is the most important
factor in umpiring," said KLEIN as
he stabbed an innocent sausage.
"AS a matter of cold fact, your eyes
are perhaps the least vital feature
of your equipment for the job. Of
course, I don't mean to say that
blind man can umpire. If you
listen to the players, we are all
blind, anyway.
But the primary essential is good
judgment. Then you must have
nerve After that, ability to handle
a crisis. Sight rates fourth.
you must umpire for the ball
and not for the man. And you must
call that third strike-always and
anywhere. When 1 came into base
ball the general conception about
umpiring was all wrong. Too often
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-04-07
Ross Ordered
to Fight Kick

By United Press
NEW YORK, April 7. - Barney
Ross must defend his lightweight
title against frankie Kick of Cali
fornia, the state boxing commission
ordered. 1t notified Ross that I'M
less. he accepts match with Kick
within thirty days his title will be
vacated.
Sam Plan, one of the champions
managers, who arrived yesterday to
negotiate match with welterweight
champion Jimmy McLarnin, said
Ross would be delighted to meet
Kick in New York, if a suitable
offer were made. However, he
thought the match should be held
in San Francisco, Kicks home
Plan said he was considering an
offer to meet Kick in San Fran
cisco on July 4. He had been offered
$4,000. Kick recently held the
champion to a draw in California.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-04-07
Midwest Gets
6 Ring Titles

BIZ United Press
ST. LOUIS, April six middle
westerners and two San Franciscans
today ruled the world of amateur
boxers in the United States, crowned
champions of the National A. A. U.
in titular bouts here last night. The
new champions:
112-Pound Glass Thomas Barry.
Springfield. Ill.
1lS-Pound Class-Armanda Stella.
I26-Pound Ciass-Edwin Waling. High
land Park. Mich.
135-Pound Class-Norbert Neehan, San
Francisco.
l47-Pound Glass - Danny Farrar.
YOUNGSTOWN, 0.
l6O-Pound Class-Fred ApostoH, San
Francisco.
I75-Pound Class-Joe Louis. Negro, De-
trot.
Heavyweight Class-Stanley Evans
Negro, Detroit.
The outstanding feature Of the
three-day meet OF 1913 bouts was
the cool, precise, murderous work
of Joe Louis, the Detroit Negro. He
won his light heavyweight title with
a second round knockout over Ario
Soldati, Chicago, which convinced
1900 fans he is headed for bigger
achievements. All other titles were
won by decisions.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-04-07

old league, whom had KLEIN found
the toughest player to handle? Bill
sank a vicious fork into a hunk of
ham and exploited: "Evers- Johnny
EverS in his prime with the Cubs!
"Off the field, Evers was sane ana
calm. On the diamond rowdyism
was religion with him. He felt
that his reputation had been built
up largely on his notions of agrees
siveneSs, and nothing I could say to
him could persuade him that he
was wrong. In later years, had
the satisfaction of having Evers
come to me and admit that I had
given him the correct slant"
KLEIN was born in Rochester, N.
Y, on Feb. %, 1874, and was the
second youngest of a family of ten
children. He was a semi-pro first
baseman and catcher, and one of his
pitchers was Silk OLoughlin, who
later became famous as a shouting
umpire in the American League.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-04-07
Purdue Five
to Be Feted
By Times Special

By Times Special
LAFAYETTE, Ind, April T.
Tribute will be paid at dinner
Monday night to the Purdue West
ern Conference basketball cham
pions, who are to receive permanent
possession of the Allerton trophy,
symbolic of their having captured
three Big Ten cage titles in the
past five years.
Major John L. Griffith, Big Ten
athletic commissioner. will be the
chief speaker, with Professor Rob-
ert Phillips of Purdue, acting as
POSTMASTER. Almost a score Of
former Purdue basketball aces will
attend the dinner, given by the La
fayette Lions club. Cliff Wells and
his state championship high school
team from Logansport will be honor
guests.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-04-07
Elves From
East Bowl
Outstanding Quintets of
Country on A. B. C.
Drives Tonight.
By United Press


PEORIA, Ill, April 7.-Eastern
teams were expected to monopolize
tonight'S rolling in the annual
tournament of the American Bowl
ing Congress. A great array of the
country's outstanding teams will see
action, with Detroit, Dayton, Louis
vile and New York well repre-
Sented.
From the motor city comes the
Stroh's Bohemian Beer quintet,
which has been in the money for
two years. Joe Falcaro, who for
feited the match game champion
ship to Joe Miller of Buffalo be-
cause of illness, will be on the
drives with the Ridgewood IN. "
American Legion team.
Dayton presents its Red Tops,
who, under the name of jefferson
Clothiers, won the worlds cham
pionship at Detroit with a 3.108
total. The Red Tops recently won
the Ohio State championship.
EppingS, Falls City Brewers and
John A. Mazzoni teams are the
Louisville leaders, while New York
offers Congressman Auf Der Heide
and Brunswick Red Necks, with
such well-known stars as Andy
Varipapa, Ray Nolen. Phil Spinella
and Mike Shirghio in their lineups.
No team upset the leaders last
night, Muggsie McGraws of Chi
cago coming closest with a 1921. A
team of Detroit youngsters, the
Chene Trombley Recreation, ranked
next with 2,901. Meyers Ice Cream
of Buffalo, N. Y, hit 1887; Good
year Tires of Akron had 1858; Mil
Ter Oldsmobiles of Mansfield, o.,
1882, for the better counts of the
night.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-04-07
Wilfred Wehrle
Leads Tourney

By United Press
FRENCH LICK, Ind. April T.
Wilfred Wehrle, 19-year-old Racine
CWis.) golfer, held a two-stroke lead
in the midwest amateur handicap
tournament as the second round
started today over the French Lick
hill course.
The Wisconsin youth gained his
advantage with II yesterday. one
under par. Phil Talbot, Bloom
ington. former Indiana university
star, was second with 10.
Jack Westland, Chicago, member
of the Walker cup team, was third
with IA.
Two other Chicago stars-Johnny
Lehman. Olympia Fields Club, and
Bud Scheilberg, North Shore-were
tied at rs. George Dawson, defend
ing champion. and DR.. ]. C. Harris,
Olympia Fields, scored rs. Chick
Evans fired a Is.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-04-07
New York A. c.. ClincheS
1884 Swimming LaurelS

race. Richard K. Degener, Uni
versity of Michigan, will defend his
national fancy diving title, and the
New York Athletic Clubs 300-yard
medley relay team will strive to re-
tain its 1888 laurels.
The New York A. G. 400-yard re-
lay quartet of Peter Flick, John
Rowland, Leonard Spence and
Walter Spence last night broke the
clubs own world mark of 3:318,
made two years ago. The new time
was 3:31.6. University of Michigan'S
team was second, and the Cleveland
Y. NJ c. A. third.
Leonard Spence, a swimmer built
along the lines of the famous John
ny Weissmueller, lowered his own
world time for the 220-yard breast
stroke after being pushed to the
finish by Jack KaSley, University of
Michigan freshman. Spence swan
the distance in 2:43.5. His old rec
ord was 244.
Walter Spence, brother of Leon
ard, won the 22o-yard free style
from Medica and created a new
meet record of 2:116 in doing so.
Walter Laufer had made the old
record of PIP in 1929.
In special 1O0-meter back stroke
race. Albert Vande Weghe, Patter-
son IN. j. high school youth, de-
feated Dan Zehr of Fl. Wayne, Ind,
by a few inches. The winners time
was 1853.
A clean sweep of last nights
events assured the New York A. c.
of the 1884 team title. The club
has scored 81 points to Michigans
II. The Newark a. c.. the only
other institution to win a first, has
5 points.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-04-07

the man who ran the game was a
'homer'-that is, he leaned toward
the home club. Too often he was
a man who had been chosen for the
job chiefly because he was supposed
to be handy with his fists.
''The players felt that they had
a right to bulldoze the umpire,
throw dirt in his eyes and step on
his feet. The umpires accepted all
this as a matter of course-things
that went with the job.
II
"XXTELL, in the spring of 1905
w William Joseph KLEIN broke
in as a National League umpire in
Cincinnati. The Pirates were the
visiting outfit and we had it out in
a snoWstorn. From that day on I
began to change the whole scheme
of umpiring: The bulldozers were
doomed"
In all his long experience in the