Evening star., 1934-07-15
BY ALBIN = JOHNSON.

RftfH a+H.FfAtf 20 Ettf ittH'" |Ns' %.
and Unemployment IN 30
~ countries of the world bv
experts q the International
Labor Once. indicates tnst the re
c0very" which beRan 10 become evi-
dent last Autumn and continued
steadily through the Winter and
Spring months is not only being
maintained but is accelerated
Taking into consideration all eX-
traneous dement's such as seasonal
fluctuations modified relief and in
turance legislation movement oi
peoples. etc. the expert statisticIsns
have found that as the world enters
the second half Of 1884 there are only
four countries. France the Irish Free
State. Poland and Portugal, whore
Unemployment is worse than II was
during the corresponding months
year ago In France the Irish Free
State and Poland however. condi-
tons nov are much better than they
we're IN The Spring of this year per
haps because Of seasonal fluctuations
and demand for agricultural labor
Portugal only appears 10 be going
from bad 20 worse As the crisis deep
ems in that country
Except for the gold bloc coun-
trieS-countries which stlll cling 70
the gold standard the picture paint
I'd is rosy This indicates. according
10 experts. that monetary problems
and manipulation are large responS-
ible for the sloWness or speed with
which trade is recovering
AZ.
In France-leader and most power
ful gold bloc country strenuous ef-
forts at debating prices are under
way Small business. industry and
workers are resisting the govern
ments efforts and 1t is doubtful if
the Doumergue cabinet can weather
the depression much longer without
revsluing the franc or losing Frances
export trade
The number OF workers employed
Is considerably less than year ago,
while the number of idle workers is
much larger than employment figures
indicate French industry is operat-
ing with 20 per cent less workers
than 1t employed in 1880. government
reports show Employment exchanges
AtDbAt NAAah NAiAiF dlt 1D@-Dl@ AIlNili-
ployed workers on their rolls. which
is considerably lower than carried in
March, but way above the total of
June, 1888 officials Of the General
Confederation Of Workers estimate
the unemployed in France at over a
million. The number is growing and
the situation will become critical in
the Autumn, they predict.
Switzerland reports slightly more
workers at their factory benches in
June of this year compared with last
Summer. but 20 per cent drop in
the number of unemployed carried on
employment exchange lists. The hotel
and tourist industry, and railway.
public services and construction work
obviously had absorbed many idle. but
for the most part this improvement
is temporary and seasonal. Agricul-
ture also has created a demand for
worker which will pass when Summer
is over
Hollands Gains Slow.
Hollands improvement also is slow,
the comparison with conditions of a
year ago showing little change As
compared with early Spring. however.
unemployment had dropped nearly
one-flfth
The countries where marked
changes are evident are: Germany,
Australia, Austria. Belgium, Canada.
Chile. Czechoslovakia. Denmark. Dan
zig, Esthonia, Finland, Britain. Hun
gary, Italy. Japan, Latvia, Norway
New Zealand, Holland Rumania
Sweden, Switzerland, Yugoslavia and
the Saar Territory. The United States.
OF course, leads in recovery. having
registered greater gains than any
European, South American or Asiatic
state.
The improvement has been world
wide when comparisons are made with
conditions of three months ago-ex-
cept in Portugal and Palestine. ire
spective OF whether the countries are
IN the Northern or Southern hem
iSphere or the tropics. Consequently
1t cannot be said that the fluctua-
tlons are seasonal since when 1t is
Winter IN the AntipodeS and South
America and South Africa it is Sum
mer IN Europe and the United States
and Asia. The upswing Of the trade
cycle has outweighed all other factors.
Statistics are taken from all sources
compulsory and voluntary unem-
ployment insurance reports trade
union statistics employment ex-
changes and industrial indices. Con-
sequently they can be considered as
fair croSS-Sectlon view Of condi-
tionS all over the world.
Table of Employment.
Glancing at random through re-
turns-Selectlng Germany. Great Bri-
tain, France and Italy as the Euro
pean industrial states, Poland and
CSechoSlovakia as the central Euro
pean agricultural and industrial coun-
tries, Sweden as representative of
Scandinavia, Finland as typical of the
Baltic, Rumania Of the Balkans, Aus
tralia OF the AntlpodeS, Japan of the
Far East and Chile for South and
Latin America, the following table is
significant The returns are taken
chiefly from employment exchange
reports. but those for England. Ger
many, France and Italy are absolute
lie. official insofar as they 60. being
from compulsory insurance statistics
or official sources. They naturally