davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
YoungstownskeÌ SlovenskeÌ noviny = Youngstown Slovak news. (Youngstown, Ohio) 1910-1940, 1934-03-30
z EURoPY DO AlnRIKY.

Z
Iste ze citatel'ov Youngstown
skych SLOW. Novin bude zauji-
mat opis Q mojej zpiatocnej ce-
ste a ceste krajanov kraja-
nick, prislych sem "a zarobka.
mi a manzelmi. Niektore zeny
dosly sem "a pracou, ably pomo-
hly svojim muzom ma Sloven-
sku. Jako som doSiel do Prahy,
hned' v dradovni North Ger
man Lloyd postretol som pana
Rerku a pana Duncku 20 SpiSa,
ktorf sa tiez vratili do Youngs-
townu, a stretol som mnohych
inych krajanov. 2 Prahy do
Bremen mali SINE zvlastny zelez-
nicny vozen, ktorom mas bolo
spolu 48 Slovakov a Sloveniek.
Dina 8. marca rano boil SINE uz
" Bremen v hotel Washing.
ton, kde SINE cakali na vybave-
ME nasich zalezitosti, tykajd-
cich sa nasho cestovania. Rano
SINE dostali dobre ranajky, i o.
bed veceru. Pc veceri bola ia.
necna zabava. Ked' orchestra
zahrala, hovorim mojim spolu-
sediacim, ze idem byt' prvy v
tanci, zastavat' Slavianov. A
hned' som poziadal 81. Pecen o
tanec, zaco som pc tanci dostal
vel'ky pohar piva cd Samuela
Konecnika. Ma druhy den rano
siel som s p. Mikusom Vep-
kej Revncej sa prejst' po Bre-
mach. Chceli SINE vidiet' neme-
cky l'ud sa smiat'. Boil to uz
druhy den, ale zasmiat' sa SINE
ziadnych Nemcov nevideli. ia
som proboval urobit' al spas,
ked' niektore danny okolo mas
presly, ale marne, neusmialy
sa. Zistit' som nemohol, re pre-
Go sa neusmej1.
Odpoludnia Ease SINE sa nasli
(ako sa jeden vysloviD Panu
Bohu v rukach, ma lodi Europa.
Ma mori. Plavame po mori.
Mic neni vacsieho, krajsieho, u
smievavejsieho a dravejsieho
mad more. Plavame Severnym
moron, vojdeme do La Manche
kanalu. Tnho a majestatne lett
mas morsky povoz. Minuli SINE
brehy Nemecka, Holandska,
Belgie. Pozdejsie ideme okolo
Francie. Mike :brehy, poia a
lesfky, male, vedl'a seba husto
rozlo6ene mestecka, majaky a
veze kostolov. Minuli SINE Ca
lais a rychle sa bl1ime k pri-
stavu Boulogne. Zakotvime ma |
mori. Prisiel parnik S novymi
cestovatel mi novym nakla-
dom. Banda zahra, cestuj1ci
vst1pia, kotvy sa vyhodia, OBJ
rovske sroby zaberd ideme ku |
brehom Anglie. Stmieva sa, bre-
by Anglie sa rozsviecuj1 a vi
dime bohate pristavne mesta. |
Zakotvfme znovu ma mort, pri |
Southampton. Now cestuj1ci
vystupuj1. Hudba ich zdravi
hymnou monarchistickej Angle, !
'God save the king.
IL. marca, pc polnoci, wide
me ma ocean. Prebudime sa ra-
no, tn a tam sd rybarske clny, |
S nina sa hemzily brehy pew
niny. More sa vln1, ostry victor
bije do lodi a kolosalna ocean.
ska LODI stlpa a klesa podl'a
pohybu vim, jake orechova skru.
pima. Letime rychlpst'ou osob-
neho vlaku, Simeon a dazd'om,
z paprslekov slnecnych do mra-
Glen a dada Ease ma since.
Vidime pod sebou vodu ciernu,
jako cernidlo. Tu a tam mad vo-
dou poletoval okolo lode krdel
bielych vtakov. Ia lod'ou nedo-
hi 'adny, siroky zeleny pruh vo-
dy, jako chrbat obrovskeho ha-
da. Pravidelne pracujl stroje,
nepretrzite a bez ustania, vo dne |
v noci, my letime tym oce-
YoungstownskeÌ SlovenskeÌ noviny = Youngstown Slovak news. (Youngstown, Ohio) 1910-1940, 1934-03-30
I,leh "a nel1o dvaja

@ ia ,aleko vero-nemeckeho
n 1ota stl M pobreEi start ma
5E hl'adiac do dial'ky, kde vi
- bolo nebezpecne dekalie mad
"a b6renou hladinou mora.
Shy tiekly po jeho ohorenej
tyfri, med1 tym 20 rty jeho sa
Akko pohybovaly tichej mo-
alitbe.
Cd pohnutia 1abudol ma svo-
je okolie ami nezbadal, ze. ga
= nemu priblixila DANA, sledu-
jGc ho SO zaujmom.
Preto sa dost' prudko obra-
til, ked' ozvalo sa celkom pri
h0m:
Preco placete, starky' Aida
xtratili ste niekoho tam tych
nebezpecnych miestachi"
Starci sl ako deti q radi 50
& post t'azujd cudzincom, jesti vi.
dia ma ich tvarach znamenie sl-
citu.
Hei, veru ztratil," povedal
starec a. posadiac sa ma kamen
pri ceste, zahl 'adel sa ma da-
mu; "umreli "a nina dvaja."
& Nechceli by ste mi rozpra-
vat 0 toni" spytala sa dana
d'alej, 6itaj1c v ociach starco-
vych zjavnl ochotu.
20, vel'mi vd,acne, vzacna
pani! Ale moja rozpravka bude
trochu dlha a vam by sa zuno-
valo stat. Keby sa vam pacilo
sadn1t' 81 ma tento kamen... l.
n6ho tn neni, a mne by t'azko
bolo stat tax dlhy 6as.''
Ale ked' pani kynula, ze d'a-
kuje a len aby rozpraval, pocal
roxpravat', potlacujuc rozochve-
ME:
20, pani, to bolo hrozne, ale
ia som nevedel, ze sa to pre-
NINA tax slavne skonci. Bob mi
Dol milostivy. Je tomu uz mno-
no rokov, Go som Dol zamestna-
ny ako plavec ma postovej To-
di, chodiacej pravidelne medzi
8. q M. So mnou sldzil tiez mia.
dy, pekny clovek. Nemal som
ho rad, preto, ze Dol vel'mi po-
boxny. Poboznych l'udi nikdy
nemohol som vystat'... Zk1sil
Cd mas a prave odo nina =
vSelico pre- t1 svoju vieru, ale
snepovolil Cd nej a m6dlil sa d'a-
lei. Konecne SINE mu dali po.
koj, ked nechcel prist' k roz-
umu. Zunovaly sa nam a spro-
tivily nase vlastne vtipy a ma
r62ky, tax ze mlademu krest'a a.
now zostalo len potupne memo
ako pamiatka ma DOLBY bojov.
Kapitan stal sa mu az pirate
Pom, snaziac sa vselijako zba-
Wit no spolocnosti niekol'kych
najsurovejsich l'udi, ku ktorym
patril som i ia.
Diva b1rka zahnala mas raz
ma tie nebezpecne miesta, vra-
xila LODI ma Skalu takou silou,
ak zaprast ala. Stroskotali SINE
"a.
Zivot, aky teraz nastal na pa
lube, nem6zem vam opisat'. Pa
saxierov bolo mnoho, naklad
vel'ky. Zkaza bola neodvratna.
Lod' must ga potopit'... Viete,
som stary clovek a vtedy som
III tiex nebol mlady. Ale ne
sism, kedy som 50 viacej tria-
sol, 81 vtedy v tych strasnych
okamihoch, a ei dnes pri pony
slenf m ne.
Rtchlo spustene boly zachran
n6 Glny a vylosovani boil ma
nlornfkov muzovia, ktori majd
aost6pit' do mich a previezt'
nisktortch cestuj1cich ku bre-
~. Nebol som medzi tymi muz-
nj. Isod'ky odrazily bojujdc
r01b6rentm moron, brazdily 81
ee1tn K peynej zemi. LODI 60
axitfm pomaly potapala. .Ked'
ss &lnky vratily a d'alsi cestu-
jiei vylosovani boil k zachrane,
nenai SINE uz n&deje, ze 50
~ treti raz vratia. Ale predsa,
4 Se1sa sledoval SINE ich cestu...
y predsa...
kalO IA. PO treti raz priSlO
St. Croix tribune. [volume] (Christiansted, St. Croix, V.I.) 1922-1937, 1934-01-22

The locating of the dlstilery adjacent
to he factory is further guarantee TO
the cane grow RS of continued demand
for their sugar cane.
We should show ouA appreciation 20
the grouD'of Americans VINO mas cone
here to do business with as 10 such
manner as would encourage them to ex-
pand their activities.
On the board of directors Of the St.
Croix Dis5iiling c., isa linz uO.of abe
and prominent men who can supply the
all the ca piTal needed to make a thorough
success of their business here's
Mr.. Warman is the company's
representative in Ct. Croix.
St. Croix tribune. [volume] (Christiansted, St. Croix, V.I.) 1922-1937, 1934-01-22
Mon day January 22nd 1884
EDITORIAL

Ii was a pleasure to US Oh Saturday to
see the good will and the speed with
which the men at the Distilling Com
pany's ground were working. CarDen-
ters. engineers, blasksmths. plumbers
and unskilied aborers. all are finding e,h-
ployment there.
The Disliling Co.'S plant will be
large one All efforts are being concen-
trated first on the erection of the build
ings which will be of heavy steel fran
ing covered with corrugated IRON. The
distilling parts were shipped in about
forty large boxes which have not yet
been0pened.
Fran the arrival of the equipment at
this port a new source of employ
was created AMI several thousands of
dollars have already been spart for la
Dor.
The Introduction of American capital
into St Croix was long hoped for. 1t will
increase the interest Of the American
people il our San1s and will open
up other channels for bringing new
money into ST. Croix.
The setting up of the plant 10 this dis
trict means further encouragement 70
the cane growers at this end who some
years ago were almost driven out OF
business. The necessary small limit of
cane delivery allowed when all of~tneir
canes had to be ground at Bethlehem
was the cause Of the tenant farmers
neglecting the land and this district was
fast going into bush.
sThe Naval government and the bust
nessmen, after the fall of the Bethlehem
factory, pronounced the sugar cane a
worthless venture and dangerous gam
BILE and that apparently left our district
without the hope of any industry until
a courageous group reopened the Cen
trnl Sugar Factory. The ieopening of
the factory revived the raising of sugar
cane in this section of sthe,sland3
St. Croix tribune. [volume] (Christiansted, St. Croix, V.I.) 1922-1937, 1934-01-22
Notice

There will be mass meeting in the
public market in Frederiksted tonigh' at
O'Clock sharp
Tomorrow night in ChristianSted plp.-
lie Market at the same hour, The prlr-
cipal speaker at these meetings will De
Mr.. Morris L, Davis.
St. Croix tribune. [volume] (Christiansted, St. Croix, V.I.) 1922-1937, 1934-01-22

Like his illustrious ancestors, the EN-
pelor Hirohito enjoys a peculiar pres
tige He does not reign merely over the
nation With mystical divinity. he en-
bodies the nation King Louis XVI said,
IL 'etat c'est mos = the State. the SOW
eminent. it is myself. The Emper r II
Japan is the governed as well as be
Government H is m 0 t h - Y
symbol is the ancient Mirror tina re-
fleets whatever it Sc eS.- Sels
St. Croix tribune. [volume] (Christiansted, St. Croix, V.I.) 1922-1937, 1934-01-22
ST.CROIX TRIBUNE

Published daily except Sundays & Hol
days at 50 BCompany st Chris iansted
81. Croix. Y +. u. S. A by ST. Croix
Cooperative Society
Entered as second class matter on July
lst 1922 at the Post Office at Chris tian-
ted, St Croix. vi. us A under the
Act of March Bird. 1879
St. Croix tribune. [volume] (Christiansted, St. Croix, V.I.) 1922-1937, 1934-01-22
Dawnic Steamship Corp.
SIS. "ORMES"

is expected to arrive at Frederiksted
from the Windward and Leeward Islands
on or about the 30th instant and will be
despatched for New York accepting
mall passengers and freight.
ARNOLD NJ. GOLDEN.
Agent.
St. Croix tribune. [volume] (Christiansted, St. Croix, V.I.) 1922-1937, 1934-01-22
Random Notes

Tortola boats are getting 90cts. bag
for charcoal in ST. Thomas Due to the
great demand for unskilled labor In 81.
Croix the price of charcoal has also risen
here. though it has not reached 9Octs.
Mr. de Cheteiat. a geologist of wide
experience is in St. Thomas where ne
plans 10 dc some research and STUDY
work
Clan Briggs acting Chairman of the
Homestead Commission was at la
Gfande Princesse' yesterday Witnessing
.the signing of contracts for the Prin-
cesse' homesteadefs. With the excep-
ton of IL. who were unavoidably absent,
and who will apIsear at the office IN
town, all contracts were disposed of.
St. Croix tribune. [volume] (Christiansted, St. Croix, V.I.) 1922-1937, 1934-01-22
DaWniC Steamship Corporation
SIS. "ORITANI"

scheduled to sail from New York on the
Oath instant. expected to arrive at Fred
eriksted on or about the 30.h inst and
will be despatched for the Windward
and Leeward Islands accepting mail,
passengers and freight.
ARNOLD M. GOLDEN,
Agent
St. Croix tribune. [volume] (Christiansted, St. Croix, V.I.) 1922-1937, 1934-01-22
Thought for the Day

10 TT II ~
Mon. % SIS Vincent and Anastasius.
The best armor is to keep out of gun
hot.-Bacon.
I'm. pIGOTT Rector.
ST JOINTS Ca9ch. Chrlstiansted
The Washington times., 1934-05-04
FIGHT
ARNOND SCOTT |

A protest against the appoint
ment of Almond Scott, colored
lawyer, as a Judge Of the Munich
pal Court to succeed James A.
Cobb, whose term has expired, was
submitted to President RooSe-
welt today.
A delegation Of the District Bar
Association, headed by President
Regis Noel, called at the White
House late yesterday, to submit
their protest and to reaffirm their
Endorsement of Judge Cobb which
was adopted by the Bar Associa-
ton in January, when 600 votes
were cast in favor of Judge Cobb.
The committee had a conference
with Col. Marvin H. Mcintyre,
secretary to the President, who
promised he would acquaint the
President with the situation.
The members of the committee
included John E. Laskey, former
District Attorney, Harlan Wood,
Charles 8. Baker, Lunsford
Hammer, Louis Gutenberg, Eugene
Beck and Samuel Boyd.
A committee of the colored Bar
Association also submitted endorse
ment of Judge Cobb at the White
House today and voiced opposition
to the appointment of Mr.. Scott.
The Washington times., 1934-05-04
NEW DEAL JOBS
PUT At $4,000

New Deal" agencies by Feb
ruary Of this year had provided
jobs for about $4,000 persons in
the Government service, accord
ing to an analysis made by the
National Industrial Conference
Board.
How the figures are obtained is
not clear, and, in view Of the fact
that only q little more than half
that number appear in a tabula-
ton Of emergency agency en-
ployes presented by the board,
they may be subjected to ques-
ton.
It Is true that in many Govern
ment offices a number of persons
are employed, presumably tenn
porarily, and paid by PWA funds,
but, all told, according to the
boards statement, there we're only
$3.50 more persons in the Gov
ernment service in February than
dn June, 1882.
The $4,000 figure probably would
be applicable now, for there were
marked upward jumps in the num-
Der Of Government workers in
the last two months.
The Washington times., 1934-05-04
BL BLADENSBURGRESTORAHON

The executive committee Of the
Exchange Club met at the Beaver
Dam Country Club yesterday,
bent upon uniting all forces in sup
port of the project Of restoring
Bladensburg, Md, to its condition
during the colonial period from
1882 to 1840.
AS a result of this session the
Bladensburg Historical Society was
formed, with Walter L. Green,
prominent Prince Georges county
attorney as temporary chairman
of a committee including Frank B.
Smith, member of the Maryland
National Park and Planning Com
mission, and DR.. Robert w. Nc
Cullough.
Daniel Cox Fahey, jr., president
of the Prince Georges County
Chamber of Commerce, and the
Exchange Club presided and in
stigated plans for immediate action
upon a detailed program outlined
by Mr.. Green, who has just re-
turned from a survey Of similar
restoration projects completed in
arecent years at Williamsburg,
and at yorktown.
The object of the Bladensburg
Historical Society is the restora
ton of historical colonial taverns,
homesteads, bridges, landings, and
the dredging of the Eastern
Branch to conform to their state
during the first hundred years Of
Bladensburg history. Plans were
laid for the immediate enrolment
The Washington times., 1934-05-04

Of all children in the county in ad-
dition to all interested citizens.
Those who attended the execu-
tive session yesterday included B.
W. Anspon, c. G. Burton, R. C.
Brehaut, H. s. Cawhorne, D. C..
Fahey, jr., Walter Green, s. H.
Harvey, A. H. Seidenspinner, DR..
w. B. Spire, J. B. Waters, jr., E.
Zalesak, L. Gordon Leech, Ray C..
Thompson, of the Washington
Times. T. Howard Duckett, whose
father and himself were reared
in Bladensburg, is prominent
booster of the plan, as is Miss
Mae Harris Clarke, who is a CO.
originator of the project.
Charter night is tentatively set
for Thursday, May IT, to be held
in old st. Luke's Church, BladenS-
burg.
The Washington times., 1934-05-04
Indian Aid Plan
Told bU Lecturer

Efforts are being made to re-
turn the American Indian to his
natural occupation of agriculture'
Walter Woehle, representative Of
the Commissioner Of Indian At
fairs, stated yesterday in a talk
before the Cosmopolitan Club at
the Carlton.
He described Indian legislation
now pending in Congress and said
that 1t was designed to give the
Indian q square deal.
Evening star., 1934-01-07

my case, but they soon found out that I was
suffering from an unusually severe attack OF
malaria. which they thought had contracted
ON one of my expeditions into the germ-ridden
countryside, since Port au Prince has been
made sanitary and free of malaria by the
United States.
AT any rate, my body was racked with this
fever for eight months. Often was at deaths
door. I was losing hope of surviving. Then
one day I called to my bedside wizard who
was attached to my police force. No police unit
in Haiti is complete without dealer in black
magic and this wizard was one Of my chief
and expert detectives.
He said to me: Mon general, I am glad
you spoke. Now that you have consulted me,
am at liberty to make a counterwanga which
will help to counteract the bad luck from
the original wanga.' He proceeded to concoct
what is known as 'pacquet congo queer
looking object resembling hot water bottle
with q long neck, about Is inches tall The
thing was covered with strips of red and black
silk and topped with large red and black
aigrettes
Inside the wanga he placed some Of my
hair, . piece of a shirt which had worn close
to my body. drop of my blood parings from
my nails the left-front knucklebone of goat
that had been slain in a voodoo celebration
as q sacrifcial Offering, piece Of the back
bone of q snake, sacred to the voodoo cult,
and fishes inns. To make the c0unterWanga
effective, there was a large and ecstatic, and,
TO US, obscene dance and sacrifice of some
animals.
&C TRANCE it may sound to the ears Of
- sophisticates, was completely out of
danger on the very next day. In very short
time I entirely my own healthy, vigor-
Gus self again. The wizard told me to keep
this wanga near my person all the time, since
Kitty Smith had sworn to fix me and the
only way to counteract fatal disaster was to
trust to good luck in the shape Of the pro-
tective wanga.
well, in 1928 I left Haiti and returned to
America. And ever since, I have had
tain amount of bad luck consistently, though
the counterwanga seemed to keep me on this
earth.
"In 1929 the house in which ! was living
burned down and with it were destroyed many
antiques and pieces of furniture which had
been heirlooms in my family for generations
and were absolutely irreplaceabe.
In 1880 lost all my money in various
investments The next year my mother died
and in 1882 I suffered from stomach all
ment which was diagnosed as ulcers. Never
Evening star., 1934-01-07
'Putting ,Em Up"
Continued From Second Page

Continued From Second Page -
shot from his As, and he intended only to
intimidate and not kill, for he elevated his gun
and the bullet whanged over the heads into the
Uncovered wall. 1t landed beside the electric
fan and made squashy hole that looked like
part of hard boiled egg. and since that night
the proprietor has been rather proud of the
hole and shows it to people There was nothing
further in the way Of Interruptions, and the
wallet picker finished his work Nobody ON the
street paid attention to the shot and maybe
nobody heard it. A pistol shot sounds like
back-fire, and Broadway is full of cars back
firing.
The hold-up job being concluded, the two
men inside backed out the door together, saying
nothing further to the customers who lowered
their aching arms and Immediately ordered
fresh drinks The gunmen went away in their
motor car and nothing was done about 1t.
Cash loss, about $400. Nobody notified the
police, not even the sergeant who had lost his
gun. The man with the weeping girls bought
them stems and they began laughing, and Fred
filled glasses rapidly as every one was very dry,
indeed. after seven minutes Of drought The
three Hawaiians emerged smilingly from the
dressing room and began playing ukuleles. as II
nothing had happened, and the proprietor took
his wife home in taxi, as she was going to
have baby any time. There nothing in
the newspapers, as nobody was killed.
Copyright, 1o34)
Evening star., 1934-01-07
V07V CaPf C70lge, UNlfe1 O141eS 7N47lNe ana
Ad0entuer; Laments the Theft of His
'Wanga, "the Charm Which IS Supposed
to Haze Kept Him AH0e Despite His
Nearuess to Deuth

~ IY STRANGEST experience by far came IN
IVi Port au Prince" said Capt Craige, who
Is now in Philadelphia on sick leave from his
most recent accident. 1T happened when I
was bewitched by Negro witchwornan,
mamanloa, which means that she was high
priestess Of the voodoo profession.
Several Of the natives had come to me
with complaints that this woman was sacri-
hcing babies in the belief that this process
would strengthen her soul.
II ordered this woman to be brought to me.
She looked like a witch with her hair done In
many curl papers and dressed in q motley array
of tatters. She appeared weird and mysterious,
enough to strike fear into the hearts OF any
one who was confronted with her.
'I registered the complaints against her on
the police blotter and then began questioning
her in Creole Much to my surprise she an
swered me in clear, emphatic, but none too
choice, English
Later discovered that though she called
herself Kitty Smith, that was not her real
name She was q mulatto, born in Elmtra,
NJ Y and educated In Quaker school there.
She had married a Jamaican named Mont
gomery and then gone to live IN Haiti, where
she impressed the natives by her expert sleight-
of-hand tricks.
Next she learned the ritual of the voodoo
priesthood and rose rapidly to the rank OF a
high .mamanloa,' so-called because maman
means mother in any language and 'loa' is an
ing god.
kitty Smith was confined to q cell and
some of my soldiers told me to beware, that
Kitty was making deadly wanga which would
bring me misfortune, perhaps quick death.
A FIRST was somewhat skeptical. But
\ then some of my friends began telling
me Of various results Of the wanga: How
plate Of food with q curse upon 1t had been
left at some ones door and had succeeded IN
giving the recipient fatal indigestion, and how
a high priest had told man he would die
the next week and he had done so.
II went to Kitty's cell and saw that she
had made a cloth doll, dressed like marine
with khaki coat and trousers, and was sticking
a needle into it every day. felt little peculiar
after seeing it. but pushed it from my mind.
II then called as witnesses all the natives
who had accused Kitty Of being baby-killer,
but all of them were too scared to testify. In
fact, they denied their allegations and I
had Kitty released. Today she remains
.mamanloa.'
But 10 days after her arrest fell very i'll.
At first the doctors were unable to diagnose
Evening star., 1934-01-07


theless my health returned and my good wangS
stayed with me in my modern American apart
ment in Philadelphia.
Then last June thieves broke into my house
and stole my wanga. must admit that !
suffered q most unpleasant reaction of fear and
premonition. What would happen to me now?
I'm August the awaited bad luck came to
me. I was driving to Washington when I
happened to sneeze. 1t was particularly
violent sneeze: my arm was logged: my car
went over the edge of 30-foot embankment,
and I broke q vertebra in the lower part Of
my spine
For nine weeks was confined to the Navy
Hospital. It was most painful Now I am
home again and out of danger. I can walk
but find it painful to bend. am still on
sick leave and do not know just when I
will be able to enter active service again.
When I am whole once more, of course, !
shall 60 wherever I am sent by the Marine
Corps, but this time I hope it will be China"
Evening star., 1934-01-07

OI IuID11I1IF - III Il @701 1111'
Who steals my purse steals trash;
'Tis something, nothing;
'Tpas mine: tits his, and has been slape to
thousands;
But he that flches from my good name
RObs me of that iphich not enriches him
And makes me poor indeed.