davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1934-11-28
Mussolini's Test.
From the Indianapolis Star.


Yugoslav hatred Of Italy, reaching
greater heights through the assassi-
nation of King Alexander, will provide
grave test Of Premier MuSsolinis
leadership. The popular demonstra-
tions, attacks on Italian diplomatic
and consular agents and virulent slurs
in the Yugoslav press demand the ut
most restraint on the part Of Italian
officialdom. Even a trivial overt act
might get the two countries into war.
No matter how serious the provoca-
ton, Premier Mussolini should turn
the other cheek until the Serbian
rage has subsidized.
The situation also requires delicate
handling because of the general sus-
picion already directed to II Duce,
who is playing a daring diplomatic
game to enhance Italy's influence in
European affairs. Mussolini has
sought to play France against Ger
many, meanwhile extending his influ-
ence over Austria and Hungary and
through the Balkans. He expects war
in the not distant future and is pre-
pairing to grab greater share of the
spoils. The Fascist dictator Is coldly
practical. He is playing q difficult
part in attempting to juggle the mis-
fortunes of other nations to his own
advantage.
Hopes Of peaceful rapproche-
ment between Italy and Yugoslavia
have been dimmed by the death Of
Barthou, Frances foreign minister.
Disorders are reported among the late
Kings subjects, while cabinet mem
bers in France may be toppled as q
result of the Marseille tragedy. For
the moment the italian premier seems
to have attained the diplomatic whip
hand he has so long coveted. II
moderation does not characterize his
foreign policy he may drive France
and the Little Entente into new mill
tary alliances.
Evening star., 1934-11-28
President Chooses Fried.

From the New York World-Telegram.
President Roosevelt shot straight at
the mark when he drafted Capt.
George Fried, sea hero, for the post OF
supervising inspector of the Bureau
of Navigation and Steamboat Inspec-
ton Service, with headquarters in New
York.
With the eagle eye and conscientious
mind Of this great sea officer on the
passenger vessels leaving New YORK
there should be no more slipshod in
spections Of safety equipment. no more
ships sailing with insufficient, over
worked, unframed crews or incompe-
tent officers.
Here is a man who in great crises
has put human life above dollars, VINO
Is known and revered because ne mas
saved lives where others have lost lives.
With Capt. Fried on the Job here pas
sengers can walk up the gangplanks
Of outgoing vessels with new conn
dence that they will not burn to death
or land in the water or at the bottom
of the sea.
The second heartening item Is the
announcement that Capt. Fried Will
submit recommendation for law re-
vision designed to buttress effective IN
spection in preventing another Vestris
or MORO Castle tragedy.
Evening star., 1934-11-28
Too Much Money.

The Democrats are reported to be
on the trail Of Senator Bronson Cut
ting because, they say, he spent too
much money in his campaign for re-
election in New Mexico. Isn't that
something!" in the present day YER
naCular. In the light OF the vast ex-
penditures of public funds by the DEM
ocrats for relief before and during the
recent congressional campaign an ef-
fort to prevent Mr. Cutting from TAX
ing his seat in the Senate on the
ground Of excessive campaign expendi-
lures is likely to give the country a
hearty laugh. The progressive Repub-
lican Senator from New Mexico, who
deserted his own party in 1882 to sup
port President Franklin D. Roosevelt,
may discover for himself that ingrati-
tude is sharper than a serpent's tooth.
Charges Of excessive campaign ex-
penditures brought by Democrats
against their opponents this year have
hollow sound. Even If there were
ground for these charges, the pot
which calls the kettle black does not
arouse much enthusiasm. The man.
ner in which Democratic candidates
boasted of the big sums of money they
had been able to get for their States
and districts during the campaign;
the way in which appeals were made
to persons on relief rolls or receiving
other money benefits under the New
Deal to support the Democratic party
might we'll call for investigation by a
congressional committee. Indeed, If
Senator Byrnes Of South Carolina,
chairman of the Senate Campaign
Investigating Committee, and Repre-
sentative Chavez, Senator Cutting S
disappointed Democratic opponent,
insist upon an investigation by the
committee into the Cutting expendi-
lures, it is quite likely that Senator
Borah Of Idaho and others will de-
mand that these relief expenditures
and their political implications be
probed.
The Democrats have marked Mr.
Cutting for defeat, it seencs. No par
ticular reason is given for this deter
mination, but it might be found in the
attacks which Mr.. Cutting made on
the Roosevelt administrators han
ding of veterans compensation cuts.
Cutting charged heartlessness and in
efficiency. He led fight in the SEN
ate which forced the administration
to compromise. Such things are not
lightly to be forgotten or forgiven
The inconsistency of the New Dealers
and the Democratic high command
who gave their blessing to Hiram
johnson in California and turned
their back on Mr.. Cutting in New
Mexico has been q matter of COM
ment for weeks.
Should the Democrats undertake to
60 through with the plan to halt Cut
ting on the ground of excessive cam
paign expenditures, they are likely to
bring down upon themselves the de-
nunciation Of the progressive group ir
the Senate. Already Senator George
w. Norris Of Nebraska has warned
the Democrats against becoming "toc
arrogant" and has scored them fol
turning against Mr.. Cutting.
Evening star., 1934-11-28
WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS
BY FREDERIC WILLIAM VILE.

Tecumseh" Sherman, who, when
threatened with the Republican presi-
dental nomination in 1880, declared:
II will not accept If nominated. or
serve, If elected"
Albert Gallatin, Secretary Of the
Treasury from 1901 to 1914, will soon
take his place. in bronze. alongside
Alexander Hamilton on the steps Of
the Treasury Building In Washington.
The Gallatin Memorial Fund of s25,-
600 has just been completed and it is
expected that Congress will now ap-
propriate the $4,000 already author
lied for preparation Of the site and
erection Of a pedestal. The statue
will be the work of Sculptor James E.
Fraser. Gallatin, Swiss by birth, who
came to the United States in 1880,
was head of the Treasury longer than
any of his successors, although An
drew w. Mellon nearly equaled his
record. He served three terms In the
House Of Representatives before en-
tering the Jefferson cabinet, and later
was Minister to France and Great
Britain. Retiring from the public
service In 1927, Gallatin devoted the
remainder Of his life to banking in
New York.
That christianity in Japan is the
best insurance against war;" because
1t is "the breaker-dow of prejudices
and misunderstanding" is affirmed by
the Right Rev. Charles Shriver Reif-
snider. Suffragan Episcopal Bishop Of
North Toxic, now in this country.
Bishop Reifsnider says that japanese
political leaders are beginning to
realize that Christianity is a stabiliz-
ing influence as a powerful antidote
against Communism.
Il r 4
Former Senator George Higgins
Moses Of New Hampshire is not
Squandering his energies in lamenta-
tions over the fate Of the Republican
party. He is busy at his home in
Concord assembling his journalistic,
diplomatic, political and congressional
memoirs for photographed publi-
cation.
tCopyright. 1934l
Evening star., 1934-11-28

A reader can get the dnsDer to
anv question OF fact by tDriting The
Washington Euening Star Information
Bureau, Frederic J. Hdskin, Director,
Washington, d. c. Please tnclose
stamp for reply.
@. How many vehicles have passed
through the Holland Tunnel since its
construction?-F. K.
A. In the seven years Of its ex-
istence, approximately II million
vehicles, or a daily average Of 30,448
have passed through the Holland
Tunnel
@. Where are the Leeward Islands?
H. F.
A. This is a group of islands in the
Greater and Lesser Antilles. lying
north of the Windward Islands and
southeast of Puerto Rico.
@. What State has the largest num-
ber Of colleges?-M. S.
A. New York State leads with 80.
@. How does the per capita con-
sumption of sugar today compare with
that 100 years ago?-A. S. v.
A. Five pounds was the average an
nual per capita consumption Of sugar
100 years ago. while today it is SO
pounds.
@. When did the STEM winding
watch first come into use?-A. B. S.
A. The earliest mention Of a key
less or self-winding watch is in
Schwenter's "Delitiae Mathematical
ct Physicae," published at Nurnberg
in 1861. Britten quotes an advertise
ment in the London Gazette of 1886
concerning a watch having a spring
wound up without a key. In l75O
Caron Qater Beaumarchais) made a
| watch in a ring for Nine. de Pompa-
dour which was wound by means OF
lever projecting from the case under
the dial. The keyless work of turn
| ing the pendant is generally attributed
| to A. L. Breguet. but it was probably
Louis Clement Francois Breguet, who
retired from the House of Breguet ct
Fills in 1888. Two forms, the rocking
bar mechanism and the shifting sleeve
/ mechanism, came into use about l848
| Q. Was Robert Burns a small man?
j. M.
A. The poet was S feet 10. He is
! said to have had great strength. His
| build was heavy. with "a ploughman's s
stoop."
@. What is the average percentage
| of depreciation on small residence?
B. o. L.
A. According to a preliminary re-
port on Depreciation Studies" Of the
Bureau of Internal Revenue, the de-
probation rate annually on a one
| family dwelling of masonry brick anc
! concrete is 2 per cent. The prob,
| able useful life of the building i.
| so years. II the house is frame, the
depreciation rate is per cent and the
probable useful life is 80 years.
@. How many clubs are affiliated
with the General Federation OF Wom'
ems Clubs?-W. R.
A. In 1888 the federation was COM
posed OF approximately 14500 clubs
in the United States, having also 40
900 junior members and 72 clubs out
side the United States.
@. What is the date of the death o.
John T. Raymond, the comedian?-
J. L. S.
A. John T. Raymond died on Apri
! 10, 1887, at Evansville, Ind.
@. When was the dry dock a
Southampton opened?-P. R.
A. King George opened the dock OF
July 26, 1888.
@. Who invented spectacles?-A. 3
A. The invention of spectacles i
attributed to Roger Bacon in tn
thirteenth century. The history o
lenses, however, may be traced t
Evening star., 1934-11-28
Nazi-Armv Feud.

So tightly is the lid of censorship
clamped down on news in Germany
that it is difficult at this long range
and early stage to appraise the full
significance of reports coming out of
Berlin today describing the "feud'
that has broken out between the Ger
man Army and state police on the one
side and Reichsfuehrer Hitler's
Schutz-Stoffel, the blackshirt picked
Nazi guards who more or less consti-
tute the chancellor's private military
force, on the other.
The Associated Press states that
despite Berlins official denials of un-
rest, the regular army and police are
being held under emergency orders
and that the long -smoldering conflict
between them and the Nazi troops is
believed responsible for these instruc-
tions, which include suspension Of
Christmas furloughs. Even marriages,
which are traditionally popular among
army men and police at Yuletide, are
to be indefinitely postponed.
Nazi Storm Troops are said to be
drilling on an increased scale and gen.
orally situation seems to be appre-
hended by the Reich authorities that
justifies extraordinary precautionary
measures. 1t is emphasized in official
quarters that purely internal condi-
tions and not international considera-
tions, actuate the governments moves.
These assurances doubtless are forth
coming to allay any suspicious abroad
that Germany may be fomenting a
"putsch" in the Saar.
Rancor and latent mutiny have
prevailed in the ranks Of the Storm
Troops ever since a group Of their
leaders was summarily executed in the
Nazi blood purge" Of last June. The
ringleaders then 'liquidated" were
suspected Of designs to seize command
Of the Reichswehr. Apparently some
of their surviving supporters still har-
Dor hopes of bringing the army under
control of the Nazi militant element.
Herr Hitler has been warned by the
Reichswehr chief, Baron Werner Won
Fritsch, that Nazi suppressive methods
are generating bad blood between the
Storm Troops and the regular army,
and that opposition from all sides is
inevitable unless a more liberal spirit
Is made manifest.
Berlin's present-hour military ar
rangements may find some further
explanation in the circumstantial
though not yet officially acknowledged,
reports that Herr Hitler has ordered
Nazi extremists to abandon their
Saar plebiScite propaganda. The
Reichsfuehrer is said to have reached
an agreement with French Foreign
Minister Laval whereby Germany will
pay for the French mining properties
in the Saar on the stipulated terms II
France abandons her campaign to
keep the territory under League Of
Nations jurisdiction. In the saar
Evening star., 1934-11-28
SHOOTING STARS.
BY PHILANDER JOHNSON.

december and July.
We're celebrating Santa Claus,
Preparing for good cheer.
This is, to some extent, because
We do so every year.
For habit is a glorious thing
If We with faith devout
Can use it so that it will bring
Our best intentions out.
A noble impulse finds release
AS Christmas passes by.
Two separate months bid envy cease
December and July.
Our heroes, fanciful or true,
Our deep respect have won.
We welcome Santa Claus anew,
Likewise George Washington.
Evening star., 1934-11-28
THIS AND THAT
BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL.

a second story window. landing on
hard ground.
The fish fan hurried down stairs and
out into the yard, expecting to pick
up the nsh dead, but, much to his
surprise, found the animal alive and
kicking.
When 1t was returned to its tank
it swan around as II nothing at all
had happened.
A still stranger story Of the hardi-
ness Of the Paradise is that of another
fancier. who. upon returning home
with several, found one missing.
Recalling that there had been an
unexpected Jog at one point in the
journey, he retraced his steps by street
car the way he had come, a trip Of
about an hour each way.
Sure enough, at the expected point,
he found the missing fish lying in the
dry gutter.
Placed Immediately in water, it re-
vived and in another hour was SWIM
ming happily with its brethren.
This story has two morals, not only
that the Paradise fish, in any Of its
forms, is an exceptionally hardy crea-
ture, but that any fish, when found
out in the air where 1t does not be-
long, should be placed in water at
once, no matter how dry and lifeless
it may appear.
Nature is wonderful, indeed. The
power Of life in some of her little
creatures Is amazing. Any one who
finds a goldfish out on the floor in
the morning, for instance. should not
fail to put it back into the aquarium.
At least give 1t chance.
The round red eye Of the albino
Paradise is unique in fishes, as far as
we know.
Its most interesting phase comes
when q light is put to one end Of
the tank.
When a fish then swims head-on
to the onlooker. with its right eye to
| the light, for instance, the left one
will appear transparent, with the
light seeming to come clear through
the head of the fish and shine out of
the left eye.
This is an effect which must be seen
| to be appreciated. 1t is for all the
world as if there was some source OF
inner light inside the very head OF
the fish
| In its complete lack OF fear. dis
| tinguishing the albino from other
fishes, lies its greatest point of appeal
1t, too. is quarrelsome, forever nipping
at its mates. and chasing other breeds
| II put in the community tank. but for
all its fighting it seldom does any real
harm. A cut mouth. now and then
is its greatest damage.
| These traits must be expected ot
any Paradise. This albino will win the
heart of the keeper because of its
apparent trust in him 1t has beer
accustomed to humanity, and is not
afraid.
So it rushes up Immediately to take
/ it's food, and does not resent in any
way the insertion Of a hand. perhaps
to root a plant which may have come
loose or to do any Of the other small
tasks which must be done even in the
most perfect aquarium.
The blend of ivory and pink In
these fellows is so perfect that the
! lLSil, III SOOO IclllC, dSoulilco Oil dPl
I cot hue difficult to describe. For best
results. at least half dozen or more
should be kept together, SO that nc
one fish will be chased all the time
Owing to the fact that these are
labyrinth fishes. and hence can
breathe air at the surface. many OF
them can be kept in a comparatively
small container, although here as with
all fishes, the larger the aquarium the
better all around.
Evening star., 1934-11-28

In the chorus of approval that has
greeted the appointment OF Miss
Josephine Roche as Assistant Secre-
tary of the Treasury. the only ques-
ton raised is as to whether the job
is big enough for this remarkable
woman.
Since 1928. when she became head
Of the coal company" according to
the Oklahoma News, "she has proved
that employers can pay fair wages,
offer decent working conditions, bar
gain collectively with labor. and still
make money, often more money than
anti-labor competitors" The News
adds: THAT she has been able to
do these things during the depression
and in a sick industry makes her
demonstration doubly graphic" The
Scranton (Pa.) Times declares that
she has Opinions and notions of her
own regarding business and social
service. and has won her way by rea-
son of her capacity. her initiative and
her courage"
The appointment" remarks the
Pasadena (Calif) Post, comes just
at time when lot of men are try
ing to organize to put woman in her
her place, and here is one that has
found hers. The men need not worry
about her" The Houston CTex) Post
finds the selection peculiarly appIo-
priate," because Of her outstanding
achievements in the realm of social
betterment," because 1t rewards her
faithful support of the New Deal" and
because of her broad experience in
finance and business management" !"
In the latter connection the Chat
tanooga Times facetiously remarks:
"As for Miss Roche's experience in
finance and busineSs-such experience
seems not to have been too welcome
in the Treasury. Could it be that the
administration desired in the Treas
ury increased facility in the matter of
changing the mind about the cur
rency?"
she is a Democrat" explains the
Savannah Morning News, "a close
friend of Mrs. Roosevelt and an ardent
supporter Of the President. She ran
for the Democratic nomination as
Governor of Colorado. but lost. Later
when she visited Washington on coal
code matters she was mentioned as
the possible successor of Miss Grace
Abbott as head of the Children's Bu-
reau. At that time Miss Roche said
she was not interested in Federal
job Miss Roche's chief duties will
include supervision of the health Serv-
ice and welfare work among the
Treasury Department. workers. She
will make studies of the working
conditions"
"The qualifications Of Miss Roche
for public Office" in the opinion of
the Milwaukee Journal. ARE not sub
ject to doubt. A President who can
command her services is fortunate.
The only question in our mind Is
whether this is the right place. TAX
ing charge Of public health and well
fare activities for $4,000 Treasury
employees doesn't seem quite the best
niche for a woman who has made a
record in labor relations and q sue
cess in a big and difficult business.
But Miss Roche's record is promise
that she will not long preside at a
desk which does not call for the best
she has to give Would that half the
appointments made we're as promis-
ing"
I'm her new job she will have full
opportunity to put into practice many
of the ideas she has so strongly ad-
vocated," thinks the Watertown (N
" Daily Times, while the Wilkes
Barre (Pa) Record suggests that the
Evening star., 1934-11-28

The tamest of all home aquarium
inmates Is the albino variety Of the
Paradise fish.
This is q sport which first ap-
peared in the tank of a German
enthusiast. Breeding true, it was
pr0pagated by the thousands and ap-
peared in America about two years
ago.
Since then 1t has gone through the
usual period Of popularity merited
by really distinctive fishes, and also
the period Of lesser popularity. In
which phase it now is
Its tameneSS Is accounted for, Of
course. by the fact that 1t has never
known life in the great open spaces
of stream or pool.
Unless some of these pink fellows
were taken to China and loosened
in the rice fields, none of them has
ever known what 1t means to be a
free fish.
The glass-walled aquarium Is all
the home 1t has ever known.
Human beings standing over it, and
peering down at 1t. are a part of
Nature, to this red-eyed one.
Creamy pink, with darker pink
stripes, varying in intensity, with red
luminous eyes, it Is true albino, but
far prettier than most natural albinos
Some will think it better-looking
than the original Paradise fish from
which it Is descended. The original
was the first tropical fish" to be
kept, few specimens first going to
France in 1868.
That year was the beginning OF
the modern craze for making pets
out Of the small exotics of tropical
waters. Few other diversions can
trace a beginning SO surely.
The original fish has had regular
rises and falls in its popularity, as
fanciers took it up, only to be upset
| by its fighting and general mean
| ness.
Even the fact that it can stand
cool water. ranging as low as 65
degrees, or even lower, as a general
rule, could not keep it in demand.
Then after enthusiasts had for.
! gotten all about it some one woulc
! remember its bold color patterns, it.
ease Of care, and there would begir
another run on the fish.
The albino variety. while not quite
as hardy as the original, can Stanc
considerably colder water than mos
other tropical fish.
&c teto
the tameness Of the creature, its uttel
lack of fear Of man.
Fishes of other varieties, ever
| though tank-bre for several genera.
tions, sometimes develop a type O.
panic, especially when a visitor sud
denly rushes up to the aquarium, OF
thoughtlesSly leans over 1t too long.
The latter is an action which shoulc
never be INDUCED in, except wher
necessary in work in the tank. 1
tends to create fear in the fish, any
fish, because in Nature many of thei
enemies come from above Notably
these include birds of various sort.
and small water-loving mammals
which often like fish for dinner.
1t Is almost impossible to scare tn,
albino Paradise, however. Even tn,
insertion of net leaves them swim
ming placidly. The net is just par
of their lives, not an intrusion by {
queer and unheardof thing in pursui
of them.
| ~ \
Tall tales are told Of the mistreat
| ment which the original form car
stand.
One fancier has related how one O.
his fishes leaped out of the net through
Evening star., 1934-11-28

Antarctica has added hundreds Of
thousands of square miles to U. s.
territory. with prospect Of being of
help in relief to unemployment when
real estate development calls for snow
shovel service.
Evening star., 1934-11-28
Good Cheer.

Good Cheer.
Thanksgiving day will always call
A generous mood to one and all.
For all agree that happiness
Cannot survive in loneliness.
We hasten, therefore, to give heed
To others who may stand in need.
We know good cheer when well pre-
pared
Is incomplete unless it's shared.
Evening star., 1934-11-28
Surprises.

Surprises.
did the vote bring surprises?"
Some" answered Senator Sor-
ghum. occasionally the surprise
was so great that we weren't sure
whether we were working with a bal
lot box or a jack-in-the-box."
Evening star., 1934-11-28

George Bernard Shaw, aged 78, is
recovering from illness that threat
ened to be serious. Shaw is some
times annoying, but always stimu-
lating Everybody would regret to
lose him.
Evening star., 1934-11-28
The Evening Star Newspaper Company

BUSINESS oIuCc
11th st. and Pennsylvania Ave.
New York once; 10 East 42nd st.
Chicago once: Lake Michigan Snilding
European ONCE IL Regent ST.. London.
England.
Evening star., 1934-11-28
All Other States and Canada
Member Of the Associated Press

The Associated Press is exclusively en-.
titled to the use for republication of all
news dispatches credited to 1t or not other
wise credited in this paper and also the
publication of special dispatches herein
are also reserved.