davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-03-05
Sections Must Combat
) White Chauvinism in
Their Daily Activity

an indication Of the great influence
of white superior1ty" -anti- working
class poison-nisled Negro workers
have again been used by the bosses
to scab against their fellow white
workers; and precisely because this
unity we speak of has remained a
slogan, has not been linked up in
practice.
Examples OF White Superiority
Years ago almost every hotel and
restaurant in New York employed
Negroes. The bosses threw the Ne
groes out of these jobs, replacing
them with white workers. This again
led to further misunderstanding
among the Negroes who look upon
all whites as their enemy. Should
there be then, any understanding
why white workers must be in the
forefront in the struggle for Negro
rights, against all discrimination and
forms of jim-crowism? OF course not,
comrades! But wherever there is
lack of clarity, wherever opportunist
theories and practices have been at
work to distort the policy OF our
Party-there the results will be
shown, perhaps most quickly Of all,
on the field Of our Negro work"
Thus, we see in our section the need
to Immediately fight against distort-
ers of the policy Of our Party" for
a fight to put this policy into Life.
Another practical illustration Of
the influence of white superiority
and unclarlty on the 18th Plenum
Resolution: Our section held gen.
eraI membership meeting TO discuss
the Resolution Of the 18th Plenum.
Comrades took the floor in discussion
and not one spoke Of the immediate
fight against chauvinisn in relation
to the oppressed Negroes in America.
Fight Against Fsscism
They spoke against fascism in Ger
many, and against the rise Of fas-
cism in America But none could see
or did express how we as Commu-
nists must fight fascism in our day to
day activities, by militant strug-
gle against discrimination, jim crow
ism, etc. This unclarity, this under
estimation of the Importance Of the
fight against chauvinism (which Is
the counterpart Of fascism) as mainly
expressed in America division Of the
working class, separating Negro and
white, native and foreign-born-is
greatly responsible for our passivity
To show you the similarity between
chauvinism of Hitler's fasciSnl and
the illusions of white superiority
in democratic" America, let me
quote from Hitler's book, MY Fight
Hitler says, THE black-hah-ed jew
ish youth lies in wait for hours
satanic joy in his face, for the I'M
suspecting girl, whom he defiles with
his blood, and thereby robs her from
her own race" In this passage
change Jewish" to Negro, and in
sert white in place Of "unsuspecting'
and you have the reproduction oi
the same slime in democratic
America.
The struggle today is struggle
for International solidarity Of the
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-03-05
How a Shop Nucleus Cre'O from 4 to
80 Members By Correct Mass York
Bv ]. G.

mass movement was started. Our
comrades participated and because
Of their correct methods of work were
in leadership. Our Party recruiting
increased. Within a few months, we
had about 20 comrades in the Party.
And it has not stopped since.
We found the Section busy with
many activities, We, on the other
hand, were doing mass work, leaders
in the union. Glasses we're then
formed with our comrades in charge.
All new members studied as they
worked. However, we found this stu
alton developed. The union elected
an executive board. There were only
two comrades on It, but because these
comrades made friends with the other
executives, going out with them, in
viting them to each others homes,
drawing their wives into the move
ment, we found that the executive
board became almost all Party mem
bers.
In the shop itself, the comrades
developed through the shop commit
tee activity around the immediate
issues of the workers. With the re-
seult that wherever we conducted
STRUGGLES. the Party increased its
membership.
Another method was the building
UP Of the left wing groups, COM
posed Of honest, trustworthy, and
militant workers, including syrnpa-
thizers of the Socialist Party, Trot-
ky, etc. These groups met every
week. The workers elected their own
leader, discussed general political
events always linked up, however,
with the shop; and then spent the
rest Of the meeting analyzing the
work in the shop, from an open
eft-wing position. An example: In
one group, we started with two COM
rades, organized a group of 80 and
out of this 30, we now have 10 Party
members. Even some of the workers
who held differences against the
Party and supported Trotzky, joined
the Party because they actually saw,
for the first time, the Party in ac-
ton, and not as slandered in the
Militant"
How TO Win Sympathizers
We also came across that famous
person, the professional sympathiz-
err" One who wouldn't join the
Party, after many years Of support
to the Communist Party. Why? Il
am doing Communist work anyway, "
or Being member Of the Party.
won't help me better my activity, .
or whats the use. Now, if were
not working, I would :" These
we're usual replies when asked to join
the Party. Did the comrades in the
other shops ever hear this before?
Behind all Of the reasons for re-
fusing to join the Party were, in my
opinion, two main reasons: One;
Fear. They we're afraid that if they
joined, they would lose their jobs, be
exposed, etc. Second: They did not
understand how to do mass activity
We convinced these sympathizers
that the shop nucleus safeguarded
their Job, taught them how not to
expose themselves, and how to hide
their faces in the masses" We also
showed them that wherever we had
Communists, shop nuclei, there were
determined struggles, the winning OF
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-03-05
Lack of Check-Up and
Attention to Kew
Tasks
BY /. AMTER

AS the representative Of the Pol
buro Of the Party at the District PIE
mum OF the Philadelphia District on
Feb. 10, emphasized two points as
absent from the discussion. Il missed
the District Organizers report and
therefore cannot deal with that) one
Of the points not discussed was the
outstanding task of every Communist
Party-the struggle against social
fascis1n; and 2-the check-up on the
control tasks.
The Philadelphia District is the
seat Of two centers Of social-fascism
tho Socialist Party in Reading, a
Socialist stronghold, and the Music
ties in Allentown, where they recent
ly held a statewide conference to
establish the so-called American
Workers Party" Yet not word Of
discussion about the Socialist Party
and what the district intends to do
to penetrate the textile town OF
Reading, where the Socialists up till
recently were in control Of the city
administration and in spite Of being
defeated, increased their vote in the
last elections. This seemed to be Of
no consequence to the District Com
mittee.
The strength Of the Musteites in
Allentown is not comparable with
that Of the Socialists In Reading. But
Mysticism Is widespread in the dis
trict-it is the left social-fascism
which must be uncovered and fought
against. It's theology can easily seep
into our Party If campaign is not
conducted against It, But not word
on it at the District Plenum.
Slow Recruiting
With such treatment Of social-fas-
cism in general, and in the district
in particular, can one talk about a
serious fight against Social-fascism7
Can one hope to win the workers in
the Socialist Party and under Music
influence II no struggle is conducted
to expose the demagogy Of the s. P.
in Reading, the treachery OF the So
cialist leaders in the union in Read
ingP Can one expose and struggle
against Mysticism in Allentown and
other sections, when not single step
was taken in connection with their
conference to expose them either on
the outside or the inside.
That this could be forgotten" in
the District Plenunl-and not even
be mentioned as a shortcoming Of the
Plenum in the article by Comrade
Holman, although it was pointed out
sharply by the Polburo representa-
tive, shows that the struggle against
social fascism is not yet on the or
der of business Of the Philadelphia
District. 1t means that the winning
Of the workers TO the line OF our
Party is not possible. This unques-
tionably accounts also in part for the
maneuvering Of the Socialists in
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-03-05
From A Non Party Yorker On
Party Convention Discussion
Philadelphia, Pa,
s2l Spring Garden st.
Daily Worker
Central Committee
nnnr Cir.


Central Committee
Sir
On reading through the Com
mum Party @ these few words:
committee of comrades reading through
times out of ten lot OF them don't
unit meeting this question
up discussion happens?
hour after would them
Draft they could not tell Why Because it
that mostly because the Communist Party
United States not larger than 1t Is
majority we'll they the
Philadelphia which bunch
Of COMMUNISTS but all the States
especially And think time should be de-
the this question should brought
foremost and pointed out sharply
All that the capitalists planning another think
the workers properly approached the Party could bring lot Of
good material into it.
by papers Socialist split
gotten material
think the questions brought sharply
better membership Although
at Daily"
think
be brought thoroughly and think find that
the above
Party
close
Comradely
4 49, HARRY
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-03-05

The nature of the industry in
which the comrades work is such
that it is inadviSable to mention it
or explain in detail the work of the
comrades.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-03-05

proletariat; it is a struggle at home
for the unity Of the working class,
Negro and white, native and foreign
born.
Root Out 'White Superiority"
The E.C.CI. tells us We are enter
ing into period of the maturing Of
the world revolutionary crisis and
we must Immediately direct our in
fiuence for the overthrow Of the ex-
plotting class. In order to win the
Negro proletariat as allies for the
overthrow Of the exploiting class, we
must Immediately set ourselves the
task of uprooting, wedding out all
expressions of white superiority"
chauvinisrn, from our ranks; our en-
tire section from the section leader
ship down, from the units up, must
at once make preparations for an
immediate invasion Of the Negro ter
ritories in our section, and show by
the force Of our initiative in taking
the lead in the struggles for the
every day needs of the Negroes in
practice and not in words alone, a
determination to mold a unity Of
Negro and white workers in joint
struggles against their class enemies,
which can then be directed for the
overthrow of the exploiting class and
the liberation Of the Negro people.
At our Section Convention one of
the key points in our discussion must
be organizational steps necessary to
build and mold this unity and pro-
posals to the District Committee for
approval and acceptance of the Ma
tional Convention.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-03-05
Knew No Freedom
Until He Visited
USSR, Negro Says
No Haunting F e ar o t
Future; All Workers
Eat There

MINNEAPOLIS, March ST never
knew what It meant to be free until
I went to the Soviet Union" said
Robert Turner, st. Paul Negro worker
who has just returned from an is
months stay there.
Turner was born In the United
States, home OF the free and the
brave" Telling Of his experiences in
the Soviet Union, he said: AT every
public place I went, the workers there
gave up their seats for me, and
treated me with the sincerest cordial
fty, trying, 1t seemed, to make me
forget the persecution, jin-crowisrn
and segregation that they knew the
Negro suffers in this country.
''Then," he added, there is not
haunting you In the Soviet Union the
thought Of where you are going to
sleep, where you are going to eat
all workers eat there. And for the
Negro, he does not have to worry
what restaurant he can get into and
not be insulted. The Negro Is truly
free In every sense Of the word in
the Soviet Union"
Turner said he noticed the great
contrast between the q. S. s. r. and
the United States as soon as he
stepped off the boat in New York.
"And only this morning" he told an
audience at the Phyllis Wheatley Ne
gro settlement house, where he spoke
under the auspices Of the Interna-
tional Labor Dfense, II went into a
restaurant in st. Paul to get break
fast, but was told couldn't eat
there-that It was only for whites"
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-03-05

A year and a half ago, there was
one comrade. Today, there are 30
Party members. During this period,
we lost one comrade. Sounds too
good? MOI It is only the beginning.
1t is my opinion that the Pre-Con-
vention Discussion should place be-
fore the Party the experiences Of
our comrades engaged in mass &C
tivity and bring forth especially those
experiences that have demonstrated
the correctness of the Party line and
resulted in mass activity.
We found the situation in this in
dustry, when we had just one COM
rade, where the need for the organi-
cation of the workers was an immedi-
ate necessity. The wage-cuts and
speed-up, typical of any other in
dustry, betrayals by the A. F. Of L.,
and general worsening Of condt-
lions.
Building shop Nucleus
Within q few months, we formed
a shop nucleus of four comrades. A
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-03-05

Send TO the Daily Worker, so Z.
18th ST., New York City, names of
those you know who are not read
ers Of the Daily but who would
be interested In reading II.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1934-12-27
By B. MEL SMITH

Consciously, for five years. John had maintained harmony between the two who now hovered over his unconscious f0rm-Anna, his wife, and Ellen, his mother.
 No one knew John Inglis. the daring young aviator, better than I, who had ushered him into the lonely. already widow life of Ellen. He was a fine boy-I loved him, myself-but no mortal should be loved as Ellen and Anna loved John. Ellen loved him with a burning. absorbing intensity that must have penetrated even her dreams.
 Ellen had always wanted John to have playmates and friends; her gig home was overrun with Johns companions, and everybody was happy as long as John had plenty of friends in general. But :. the minute Johns affections be- came centered on particular per- son, whether it was a boy or a girl, that person found himself or her self mysteriously, but effectively, outside the circle.
 As John grew older Ellen be- came more and more absorbed in him, and more jealous of his at- 
 Her love, though, was undemon- can't remember ever seeing her kiss John-whicf made her campaign against others so much more subtle, for Ellen was a born diplomat
 A lesser person than John might have been fooled by externals, but not John. He made the discovery of his mothers possessiveness when he was about 16. He was } Representative boy, but he was also iron-willed; he loved his and his nature was such that he could not dominate a per- son hec ared for. And to com plicate matters for him, neither could he endure friction.
 When John, at 21, married Anna, the battle for life of his own began. A strange battle, a battle in which his mother was un- aware of combat, and would, be unaware of defeat. ..
 A moan of agony came from Johns lips as I raised my eyes to hand the hypo needle to one of the nurses. could only try to ease his pain a little, for there was a great hole in the back of his head. But Ellen and Anna did not know that.
 Annals dark eyes, staring from her white face, met mine. They the truth from me before I had time to think of the right words to break the news to her and to Ellen.
 Twill will he come to before .? Her lips twist ed about the words, like a baby learning to talk.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1934-12-27
Answers to Previous Questions

Answers to Previous Questions THE National Horse Breeders A Association was later changed to the American Saddle Horse Breeders Association. The Pough. keepsie Ice Yacht Club held re. gattas and races on the. Hudson River. By splitting leather to any desired thickness. Parker's machine doubled the use of it.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1934-12-27

They might have been two corpses as they stood staring at each other across Johns body, they were so still and stricken, silent as l the death that was closing in on them. Only their eyes remained alive, and, in a flash I saw the beautiful peace, the structure that John had so carefully built, crunn- pie and vanish in the question in those meeting eyes. Who would be first in death."
 He was an awful sight as he lay there moaning. We hadn't dared to clean him up; we had only cut away his aviator's suit and shirt to get at him to stanch the flow of blood. There was a chance that the intensity of his pain would re- call him to reality, for I dared not give him much morphine.
 I looked again at Anna and Ellen If John did not rouse then the marvel that he had created would remain. living monument to his memory. But i. if he awakened? What would happen?
 The question, seemingly absurd All tAdt AOOAl VI 6Ad6llyp 0AOCAlCt~a able suffering, persisted and ran kled in my mind, what then i? Would John, who had succeeded so gloriously in life, be forced to rec- ognize his failure in death? Bit terly I resented the thought of illustration that John would carry to his grave, and though I am not a church man I prayed that he might nOf awake
 John drew up his knees and flung his arms in a sudden wild burst of agony. The two women. their faces buried in their hands. stified tearing, wrenching sobs, and clung to the awful death-watch. With the help of the two nurses I gave him another hypo. I had to-he would have flung himself off the high hospital bed. He quieted down then and lay. motionless; the muscles of his face relaxed. noticed that there was still the semblance of part in his blond hair. If it hadn't been for would have looked almost naturaly Ellen and Anna drew nearer; they lowered over him, breathless Ahihuy COul duO 0Ouy AOCuSCQ OA the inert figure.
 John opened his eyse. Though it is against the laws of nature, I know that stopped breathing as I gazed, hypnotized, into those quiet, blue eyes. Anna and Ellen, as they hung over the bed from either side. were both within the range of his vision. Then John reached out a hand to each of them-calmly, nat urally. He brought their hands to- gether across his body; he looked at them both and smiled. Finally his lips parted. and he spoke.
 twill you take care Of Anna for me, mother?"
 I felt the air, heavy with anti septics, come into my lungs again. I might have known it would be like that! Anna, his last thought And Ellen, his last word!
 I saw the tension go out of the two women; saw the clasp of their hands tighten. And saw a satis- fled light-a light of triumph--in Johns eyes just before he closed them.
 Copyright, 1884. The Chicago
 Daily News, Incl
The Waterbury Democrat., 1934-12-27

Who was the first profes. sional, lecturer of royal blood? What manual training school was first to be financed entirely by public taxes?
 Where was lime first manu. factured?
 AnSWers in next issue.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1934-12-27
- DAILY SHORT STORY
 FIRST IN DEATH Both Wife and Mother Wished to Be HisE EGrestesi Love; Over His Deathbed They Encountered

Ellen, realizing that Anna had learned something of Johns real danger, took her eyes from hie blood covered face and looked 2 { me. And there, in the presence of death, saw the old, unmistalKa blf desire-the desire to be first. last and always in Johns 1ifel
 ''I think he will" said as ealn1- ly as I could, for suddenly knew how dear John was to me. fixed my mind on his condition to steady myself. For the moment couldn't look at either of the two women. "I've given him just enough to deaden the pain a little."
The Waterbury Democrat., 1934-12-27

Monday: "Yule Gift,' by John. Nicholas, is tale of 8 married couple who found that poverty is no barrier to happiness at Christi mas time.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1934-09-26
Dorothy Dix Says
Virtue Is Its Own Penalty-You Do Favor
for Friend and the Next One He
Asks for Is Twice AS Large.

there not kind and sympathetic
mathec o 1d with it. You
n e s se ou his n d
Lend your to s snd one ns
yourself you imposing upon
it. the next time they make up bud a It n s
helping hand those in trouble for
fear will turn into old Of the sea who will climb on your backs
and Of whom cannot rid ourselves.
1T WOULD gratitude
their appreciation by forbeang trouble us fur
other individual for their victim the
staging Not however Not at all So
ourselves marks makes US their
few months She doesn't
impose upon his Day any farther Will hustle bd aes
help me OUT Oh Having paid widow
not only expects do it until the end Of the but be-
has not pink bahtubs.
THERE is saying you friend
who would like help friend over hard place snap shut the
on our @ t think how GOOD and Kind we were lend
m He w" will
In fact lending is so often boomerang ami
individual that longer INDUCED in BY prudent
Door Young couple Of newiyweds who just
scarcely stick of furniture and would Just love to LEND
it made mortal enemies
ct WAS going to Europe and lent furniture
for years took back things instead
r "a s aa @ s. n s @ I
defrauded her and she has never forgiven me or
taking anybody into house you
can't old Aunt Sally who has WEAK
Winter with mild climate she
a and North with the
birds in Spring bed for the bal
o life
IF YOU in country cousins to come
and you visit certain specified time because
once they will nothing thereafter but
run will descend bag and baggage every
NAV or have them anything.
And having of taking Of your
family YOU slavery balance Of days When
the OF the family falls on the
fit ourselves to become SO mat
Sam patient Susan NO.
college and to have nne
clothes and they toll They feel them
terribly
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1934-09-26

meaning o shire or county, and "lic, "
meaning like or similar-"like a
shire" The presumption is that the
vast estate from which the surname
was adopted was as large as county
or shire-which in medieval times
was an earldom.
The FIRST Shirley known to history
was one of ancient English stock,
who is mentioned in the Domesday
Book as Lord Of Darlington, residing
in County Warwick. This was the
oldest knightly family of the county,
but in the twelfth century they dis
carded the name of Eatington and
assumed the name of Shirley, from
their manor of that name in Derby
shire. Eatington remained the name
of their residence in Warwickshire,
however, which was held by various
representatives Of Shirleys for long
period.
England has produced many emf
nent men bearing this name, as a
perusal of "Shirley's Noble and Cen
tie Men" will bear out.
The coat Of arms produced was
borne In America by William Shir-
ley, Governor Of Massachusetts,,
1741-57. There were early settlers
of this name who settled in both
the New England end Virginia