davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1934-12-31
RESEARCH OPENS
MANY new FIELDS
Chemical Industry Brings Out
Steady Stream of Processes
and Products.

There is activity in chemical in
dustry as long as there is activity
anywhere and there is close rela-
tionship to research that during the
last three years has brought forth a
continuous stream of new processes
and products" Sidney D. Kirkpatrick.
editor Of Chemical and Metallurgical
Engineering, declares.
Many of these have been and are
being translated into new plants. I
estimate that more than 500, ,000, 900
has been set aside for new projects Of
this character
Already the South has witnessed
a great migration of the alkali In
dustry where three plants now under
construction in Louisiana and Texas
represent an outlay of $4,000, 900.
In the Middle West more than 1000
men are at work today on a great
new industry that will utilize the
waste gases Of an oil refinery as the
basis for the manufacture Of solvents
and other synthetic organic chemicals.
The extent of this one investment Is
estimated to exceed $4,000, 900.
Many smaller projects are under
way such as a $400,000 soap plant IN
Cincinnati, an electric furnace phos-
phoric acid plant in New Jersey, and
another at Muscle Shoals-not to
mention the many large distilleries
which in these days are manned by
chemical engineers.
Evening star., 1934-12-31
GAINS EXTENDED
BY FOOD INDUSTRY
Chester Points to Benefits for
Consumer, Farmer, Employe
and Investor.

Sales and operations of many COM
panies in the food industry will show
satisfactory gains for 1884, says c. M
Chester. president General Foods
Corp.
"The consumer, farmer, employe and
investor benefited from this improve
ment.
1.-The year just ended was one of
intense competition. 1t was a period
for thorough and constant study OF
the market, for more effective adver-
tising and selling plans, for proposals
of the research experts to improve
old products and introduce new ones.
Labor received a larger part of
the food dollar during the year. Cen
eral Foods, for example, was able to
increase its aggregate pay roll by about
is per cent. The farmer, because
of the higher prices for raw materials,
got higher wage for his labor.
Maintenance Of comparatively high
rates of operations during the year
provided employment for thousands
in other industries. For packages
alone-and the food industry requires
cardboard, tin, glass. cotton, paper
there is an annual investment of mil
lions of dollars.
1T is estimated, for example, that
in 1888 $500, ,0O0,0 900 was paid to the
railroads for their cooperation in the
tremendous task of transporting food
in this country"
Evening star., 1934-12-31
Electrical Firms
Report Big Rise
In 1884 Volumes

The volume Of electrical manu-
featuring business during this year
has been more than 80 per cent
greater than 1888, declares Gerard
Swope, president, General Electric Co
Consumption Of electricity through
out the United States has been ap-
proximately per cent greater than
in 1888 and is almost up to the maxi
mum consumption in the years 1929
and 1880. This increase has been due
largely to the increased use of elec-
trical appliances in the home.
1.-The electrical manufacturing in
dustry, and industry in general, has
felt most seriously the failure of the
revival of orders for capital goods,
but with the increased use of electric
ity and consumers goods in general,
capital goods must also increase.
For the year 1885 we look for
ward to continued improvement in
business"
Evening star., 1934-12-31

ing upturn is forecast which will pin
a silver lining onto every cloud, there
is wide agreement that 1885 will sur
pass 1894 in recovery progress. That's
saying a lot, and the short interview
supporting these claims is highly in
teresting.
In discussing the 1885 outlook,
Robert v. Fleming, president of the
Riggs National Bank, first vice presi-
dent of the American Bankers Asso-
citation, and president of the Wash
ington Board of Trade. said:
The business outlook for the year
1885 for the City of Washington in
my judgment presents rather bright
prospects. To begin with, bank de-
posits have again assumed normal
proportions from the low point
reached following the banking holi-
day. Consequently, ample credit is
available to all worthy borrowers, and
banks are most anxious to employ
their loanable funds.
THE fact that the Government pay
cut has practically been restored en-
tirely, together with the augmented
CONTINUED on Page B-4, Column %
Evening star., 1934-12-31
RETAILERS HAIL
BIC GAINS HERE
Business Best in Several
Years-Further Rise
Is Predicted.
BY JOHN ]. DAILY.

For the first time in years, Wash
ington business men noted an increase
in volume and profits during the II
months past.
With few exceptions, retail business
men here, looking back over the
books, found a satisfactory situation.
The general chart shows an upgrade.
One manager of chain store said
the year 1884 was the best since the
memorable year, 1929.
Another business man, whose in
terests center in Washington and
scatter throughout the Southland, re-
ported the best business in several
years, and added: Business was ex-
cellent in 1884 compared to the four
previous years. There was quite dis
ttnct revival throughout the South,
with Washington at the high point.
see no reason why this improvement
should not continue. Newspaper ad-
vertising played a large part in this
business recovery. 1t brought about
steady improvement, growing in
volume each day"
One shrewd business man made
this observation: Recovery, complete
and full recovery-will be on us be-
fore we know it, if the next year is
better than the year just gone. be-
lieve the signs point to revival of
business on a grand scale. We will
wake up one of these fine mornings
lContinued on PAGE R-2 Column Al
Evening star., 1934-12-31
Substantial Cain Predicted
For Heavy Industries in 1885

the committee estimates there Is
nearly 81, ,000, ,000, 600 of potential busi-
ness in that field.
Thousands of small communities
have no water and sewer systems.
Allotments of Government loans and
grants totaling over $71,654,000 al
ready have been made for 514 projects,
representing only per cent Of pos
sibilities available for installations
during 1894 and 1885.
"It is estimated that 4,771 water
works and sewer projects to cost over
81, 900, ,000, 900 could go into construc-
ton in 1885.
Resumption Of the delayed buying
of the public utilities for maintenance
and Of replacement material plus the
potential market which will be ere.
ated by public utility extensions offers
an extremely substantial outlet for
the products Of the Durable Goods
Industries"
Evening star., 1934-12-31
STOCK PRICES FAIL
TO HINT FUTURE
No Clues Given This Year
Whether Major Bear
Move Is Ended.
BY GEORGE T. HUGHES.

NEW YORK, December 81. (N.A.
NA).-In so far as it Is a function
of the stock market to forecast the
future, the market of 1884 was sig
nal failure. In no year since the de-
preston has the course of prices been
more indecisive and left the observer
without a clue to the events which a
speculative movement is supposed to
foreshadow.
In 1880, in 1881 and in 1882 up to
Midsummer the trend was downward
and unmistakably so. With painful
precision, stocks prophesied the con-
tinuously increasing stagnation Of
business. The decline paused in July,
1892, apparently from exhaustion
rather than conviction that improve
ment was in prospect.
The rapid and unprecedented re-
covery in the Spring of 1888 reflected
the equally rapid and equally unprece-
dented rate of revival. Then, when
that violent advance came to a sud-
den halt and the whole structure COL
lapsed, the Illuminating and informa-
tive phase of the depression markets
came to an end.
The question whether the major
bear market is now over was not an
swered by the events of this year.
That is to be determined by what
transpires in 1895. The evidence
favors an optimistic conclusion, but
there is enough doubt left to make
1t advisable to reserve judgment.
The analysis was and is complicated
by a series of factors with which mar
ket Interpretation had never before
to deal.
Most important of these factors was
of course, the assumption Of Govern
ment control over trading; but be-
fore coming to that, a number of other
unusual situations deserve mention.
The American market has never be-
fore, in this generation at least, had
the possibilities of currency imitation
to appraise 1t has never before had
to adjust itself to a revaluation of
the dollar. It has never before had
to take into account budget unbal-
anced to the extent Of producing
record d-breaking deficit and record
breaking national debt.
The market has never before been
faced with doubt about the effect on
domestic trade of worldwide disorder
In the exchanges. It has never before
still dealing only with the past so
years-had to appraise any sucn leg
islation as was embodied in the silver
purchase act. Just as confusing was
CONTINUED on Page B-3, Column a.
Evening star., 1934-12-31
BROKER SEES 1895
CONTROLLED BY U. S.
c. c. Morgan Predicts Chief
Efforts Centered on Economic
Moves.

The controlling influence over the
1885 business and financial outlook
lies with the Governments policies
here in Washington, Charles Carroll
Morgan, one of the managers of the
Washington Office of G. M. P. Muir
ply & Co., declared today.
Basic administration moves will be
along the same lines" he added, be
cause of the vindication given the New
Deal in recent elections. However,
due to two years experience, we are
apt to see more weight placed on re-
covery and less on reform.
IF business recovery takes hold for
any extended period in 1885 there will
not be further major imitation. If it
does not, imitation is certainty" he
asserted.
Evening star., 1934-12-31
Efforts to Hold DO,Un Car Costs
Regarded as Favorable Sign

Is the efforts Of the industry to hold
down costs and simultaneously the
selling price Of cars to users, despite
the increased costs which have re-
suited from increased wages, higher
costs Of materials and other uncon-
trollable situations.
I'm face of all these, and with
many added improvements, some
manufacturers have been able to an
nounce reductions in prices for their
1885 models. This condition augurs
well for the automobile industry as
a whole, which may look forward to
the new year with q feeling Of con-
fidence."
Evening star., 1934-12-31
CONTINUED RECOVERY
FORESEEN BY WATSON

"I am looking forward with in
creased confidence TO the year 1885 as
one of improvement" says Thomas j.
Watson, president of International
Business Machines Corp.
I'VE have evidence that substantial
gains have been registered by our busi-
ness and financial institutions during
the last year and that the trend is
definitely upward, with larger pay
rolls, increased employment and rising
profits.
"Our trade abroad is improving, as
is shown by the fact that for 10
months of 1884 our exports have in
creased about SO per cent over last
year. One of the main factors con-
tributing to recovery is the constantly
increasing cooperation among politi-
cal, industrial and financial leaders"
Evening star., 1934-12-31
More Time, Energy and
Cash Spent on Him Than
Any Other Class.
LIVE STOCK SLAUGHTER
FORCED ON HUGE SCALE
Marketing Caused by Drought
Fails to Yield Much Profit.
Cotton Is Big Problem.
BY EDWARD B. HUBBARD.
Cambridge Associates Staff

The forgotten man has turned out
to be the farmer. Perhaps more time,
energy and cash has been spent under
the New Deal in improving the status
of the agricultural population than
that of any other one class. In fact,
so important is the attitude of the
Government toward the farmers that
the prospects for 1885 can hardly be
considered without giving large weight
to the program of the A. A. A.
Briefly. let us trace the course of de-
velopments which have led to this pre-
ferred treatment. Up to the turn Of
the century the farmer was the darling
of the Nation. 1t was he who had pio-
neered the West and developed the
vast resources of the country; he that
created a foreign trade which enabled
the rest of the country to import the
manufactured articles that were
needed. Railroads we're subsidized be-
cause of the possibilities of greater
agricultural wealth. But the advent
Of the railroads also brought attention
to the raw materials which lay ready
to bring about an industrial expan-
sion.
Thus a new influence was felt. In
stead of keeping tariffs low, so that the
full benefits of the agricultural ex-
ports could be enjoyed, protective levies
were set up to foster infant industries.
And finally industrial growth over
shadowed farming. In the period fol-
lowing the war there was an unprece-
dented expansion of manufacturing
activity. The growth of the electric
power industry, with its attendant
benefits, foretold a new prosperity.
The farmer was forgotten. Industrial
wage earners saw an ever-increasing
spread between their income and the
prices of necessities.
That is the background The pres
ent administration has been brought
acutely to the realization that farm in
comes play an important part in the
prosperity of the Nation.
Two Years Net Gain 80 Per Cent.
The lot of the farmer already has
improved notably. Farm income. as
culture, increased from S4,328, ,000, 900
in 1882 to S5,O51, ,000, 900 in 1888 to So
900. .0000 900 in 1884 total gain Of
80 per cent from the low point. It
should be pointed out that the in
come for 1884 included relief, restric-
ton rentals, and benefit payments
by the Government. Furthermore,
it was very unevenly distributed over
the farming population because of the
drought. Those who escaped from its
ravages benefited at the expense of
the victims.
The dairy industry is the largest on
the point of income, and also the
least integrated The A. A. A. pre-
sented a beautiful plan which would
assure the farmers of receiving fair
prices for their milk. But it didn't
work
The drought cut down the supply
(Coptipued On page R-A Column
Evening star., 1934-12-31
LITTLE HOPE is FELT
FOR AMERICAN SHIPPING
BY the Associated Press,

BY the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, December 3i.-For-
eign exchange uncertainties and the
growing trend of economic nationalisn
becloud the horizon for the shipping
companies in 1885, Basil Harris, vice
president of the International Mer-
camille Marine Co., declared.
THE year 1884 has been most diff
ficult one for American steamship
lines, and at present the year 1885
does not seem any brighter" he said
Harris characterized the attitude
shown in Washington on merchant
marine matters as 'vacillating" and
"N1sheartening."
Evening star., 1934-12-31
OUTDOOR ADVERTISING
WILL REDUCE CAPITAL

By the Associated Press
NEW YORK, December 31.-Stock-
holders of General Outdoor Advertis-
ing Co. have approved the proposed
reduction in stated capital to $14,-
8e2,174 from $21,316,o24. The num-
ber of outstanding shares will be un-
changed.
Evening star., 1934-12-31

1885. Expansion
in buying power,
so notable in the
last II months,
should go still
further in the
C ing year,
bankers say.
The better real
estate situation
is also comment
ed on by bank
officials as an
index Of great
i m p o r tance in
every forecast of
b e t ter times.
Evening star., 1934-12-31
SWIFT DIVIDEND VOTED.

CHICAGO, December 81 R-A
semi-annual dividend of 81 share was
declared Saturday by the Compania
Swift International, payable March I,
1885, to shareholders Of record Feb
ruary Is.
Evening star., 1934-12-31

C n a ! r m a II Hi
bernia National
Bank, New Or
leans.
I'm saying this
I have in mind
t wo dis tin C t
phases Of public
depression psy-
chology that have
alternately ap-
peared to h d
sway from time
to tim e. First,
t n e re are no
longer any signs
of tn a t mass
hvctario of feor
Evening star., 1934-12-31
F|NANC|ERS CITE
CAPITAL UPTURN
IN REAL ESTATE
Buying Power Is Expected
to Expand Further During
Next Year.

Leading Washington bankers are
optimistic on the 1885 outlook There
has been vast improvement this year,
which is expected to continue through
Evening star., 1934-12-31
1884 was one OF the outStand
ing developments Of the year

"HE recovery registered by the
automobile industry during
1884 was one of the outstand-
i ing developments of the year,
Roy D. Chaplin, president Hud-
son Motor Car Co., states.
Production of passenger cars and
trucks appropriated 2,850,000 cars
last year, gain Of 43.5 per cent COM
pared with 1888 and gain of 99.1 per
cent compared with 1882, the low
year Of the depression. Output, in
fact, was the largest reported for any
year since 1890.
"One Of the most favorable factors
in the automobile situation at present
Evening star., 1934-12-31
YEAR BRINGS FARREACHNG CHANGES TO NATIONAL HORIZON
Mass Fear Gone,
Radicals Losing,
Hecht Believes

1.-THE people of the United States
undoubtedly again have their feet on
the ground" says r. S. Hecht, presi-
dent American Bankers Association,
Evening star., 1934-12-31

A LII signs point to a SUBSTANTIAL
n revival in the heavy industries
II in 1885, Albert c. Lehman,
1 \ president Blaw, Knox Co.. de-
clares.
More than $4,000, ,ooo, 900 worth Of
industrial machinery and power plant
equipment must be bought to make
good deferred maintenance, according
to estimates of the Durable Goods In
dustries Committee.
I'VE need 100000 new homes a year
costing approximately $4,000, ,000, 900 to
keep up with obsolescence and in
creases in population, and in addition
we need 2, 1000. 900 additional homes to
accommodate families now living
doubled up.' according to the same
authority.
"On the farm, equipment buying has
declined from . normal $500, 900 900
to approximately third of that, and
Evening star., 1934-12-31

Guatemala coffee exporters are
holding on in hope of better prices.
Evening star., 1934-12-31

and helplessness which characterized
the various critical stages of the de-
preston number of times, as if all
were lost. Second = There is no
longer widely prevalent that almost
equally frantic attitude which at some
points in the recent troublous years
seemed to believe that the only way
out was to abandon or overturn our
established traditions Of economic,
social and political life and embark
on some wholly new and revolutionary
course"
Evening star., 1934-12-31

Continued on Page B-2, Column -
Evening star., 1934-12-31
AWAIT HIGHER COFFEE.

Continued on Page BIZ, Column G..
Evening star., 1934-12-31

Continued on Page b., Column g.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1934-03-05
'Long-Lived Colors
 Beautify "34" Bucks
Tenders and Bodies Colored Alike-fioOd and Radia=
 tor Bonderized- Monogram Setting Pleases

standard of >riding comfort, by which fatigue is reduced to the minimum. This is accomplished by preventing: A. Pitching from front to rear accomplished by CD Independent suspension of
 wheels. (2) Balanced springing and
 weight distribution. (3) Correct shock absorber
 control. B. Body roll from side to side accomplished by CD Ride stabilizer. c. Road vibration accom- plished by
 CD Air cushion, low pressure
 tires.
 CD Coil front springs. Additional advances are: Power brakes, with CD Vacuum Servo Mechanism. CD Braking area increased 30
 per cent. (3) Cast iron brake drums -
 Buick type. (4) New Brake Hoop-up. Automatic starting, which in- cludes:
 CD Accelerator pedal and hand
 throttle starter control. CD Automatic choke. (3) Cold idle control. (4) Heat control. Improved steering and controls, 
 CD Increased steering ratio. CD Increase of 20 per cent in
 steeing efficiency. (3) Shock eliminator in drag
 link. (4) Double tie-rods. Other advances include Octane selector and vacuum
 spark control. Transmission quiet in all speeds. Control of passing and driving
 beams. Increased horsepower in all en-
 zines. Rigid girder type x-frame, SUD-
 porting independent suspen'
 sion. Reduced clutch pedal pressure. Vacuum pump for windshield
 wiper. Tubular propeller shafts. Air-tone horns.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1934-03-05
Studebaker Stresses
 Comfort And Luxury
Freedom From Shimmy and Swerving Dominates
 1884 Models Asserts Geghan-AlertOn

ride, a level ride, both on turns and rough roada-and at high speeds too. The secret is found in 'Quadripoise Suspension and 1t represents a whole series of close ly related engineering achieve ments. Studebaker 'Quadripoise Suspension includes in it's scope all four extremities- of the chassis. rather than merely the forward half. It embodies precisely call culated distribution of chassis weight. body weight and passenger weight.
 "As a result, the center of the entire weight of the car is less than 27 inches from the ground. The cars are "A inches wide and 69 inches high-they're wider than they are high. Any Stakeholder will retain it's balance, even if tilted to an angle of 58 degrees.
 "This type of suspension used by Stakeholder cars keep a level keel. ment. spring dimensioning and spring articulation. Springs are spaced farther apart. Tire sizes and pressures have been carefully studied. A damping out of vibra- tion by de-synchronization of the various rhythmic impulses inevit- ably set up by wheels, springs, mo- tor and chassis has been accom- plished.
 '"The result is freedom from shimmy, swerving or wandering. Studebaker cars keep a levle keel. Rear seats area 8 free from bumps as front seats. There Is a notable absence of pitching, swaying and bouncing. The car hugs the road on turns.
 All of this goes to give both driv- CT and occupants better, saferJ far more comfortable ride than has ever been achieved in a Stude- baker before. The proof of the pudding is that this 'Quadripoise Suspension helped Studebaker to sell more cars in November than in any other November in eight years.
 Important as it is, however, the ride that car gives isn't the only important attribute which the buy CT must consider If he wants to get the all-around value that gives him the most for his money. He will
The Waterbury Democrat., 1934-03-05

This year the American motorist is surely being reminded that an automobile is something to be rid den in," remarked Geghan-Aller- ton, local Studebaker dealer, as he passed through the automobile show yesterday shortly after it's doors were open to the public.
 Far be it from me to say that he is going to be taken for ride. butt f he isn't more ride con- scious' by the time he gets through with these 1894 shows, it won't be the fault of the automobile engineers.
 "Each year at show time we find the automotive industry blossom ing out with the new theme for the year-that being as 1t should be. That's what shows are for" continued MT Geghan. This year the theme is ride and it's one that every motorist finds keen1y in- teresting, not only for himself, but for all his family and his friends.
 For a number of years now automobile owners have recognized that their cars must supply much more than mere 'tTansportation.' They have got far beyond the place where they consider the family motor car has done it's duty if 1t gets there and gets back with req sonable ease and certainty. They are rightly insisting on a higher and higher degree of comfort and luxury each year.
 ''Few motorists realize how much is involved in the grading up of the riding qualities of car. During the past five years Stude- baker has spent upwards of mill lion dollars in research and riding whose business it is to know Stude- qualities development and we bakers thoroughly can see where this attention to hundreds of de- tails has developed ride that is far beyond anything that Stude- baker has offered in the past. Other engineers have been work ing along the same lines, 50 no wonder we are all telling the world about the things that have been done to make luxury riding more luxurious.
 "First of all, the new Studebak- CTS give their occupants a level