davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1934-11-04
More Naval Personnel.

Secretary Swanson has recommended
to President Roosevelt that in the new
budget now in the making there be
provision for substantial expansion
of naval personnel. The Navy wants
an increase in enlisted men to a
monthly average of $4,000 during the
fiscal year 1886, beginning July next
If that request is granted, it would
give the fleet a maximum Of $4,000
men at the end of the fiscal year on
June 80, 1886.
No doubt many citizens will be as
tonished to learn that the United
States Navy. with present maximum
personnel of $4,000 men, is only IS
per cent manned. Unless the proposed
increase is granted, the Navy Depart
ment will have difficulty in finding
compliments for new ships now under
construction and due for completion
during the next year and a half
Among them are the aircraft carrier
Yorktown, the 10,000-ton cruiser
Quincy, the light cruiser Savannah,
the gunboats Erie and Charleston,
four submarines and thirty destroyers.
1t was recorded at the time that some
sixty destroyers were kept out Of the
presidential fleet review at New York
last May because of shortage of
personnel.
1t is estimated that about IS, ,000, 900
a year would be required to provide
5000 more of enlisted naval personnel,
or s10,000,000 for the maximum in
crease of 10,000-odd to which the
Navy eventually aspires. Presumably
a complement of $4,000 men, instead
of the existing total, would man the
feet 100 per cent.
If the United States Navy is to
serve the full purpose for which it is
intended-if its units are to possess
men enough to keep them at sea in
an emergency at speed capacity and
to maintain their gun crews at pre-
scribed strength-the fleet must be 100
per cent, and not IS per cent, manned.
To cheesepare on such an item would
be. penny-wise. pound-foolish budget
ing. Economy purchased at the price
of an inadequate naval defense is un-
wise. 1t is gambling with national
security.
Evening star., 1934-11-04

! er general prostration in all lines,
sales of electric refrigerators reached
1,O50,000 Meantime dry ice was be-
ing developed. In 1890 production
was 100000 pounds. In 1892 1t
had mounted to 10000. 900 pounds.
The market is regarded as scarcely
touched, especially since one Of the
depression inventions has been
household ice box for the use OF
dry ice.
The list Of new products, some OF
them new inventions and all new de-
signs, is long one. There have been
all sorts of improvements to kitchen
ranges and an astonishing increase
in the number Of gadgets, electrically
operated, for kitchen use. There
have been many novelties in con-
nection with plumbing and bath room
fixtures. There are such things as
washable wall paper and any num-
Der of new lighting devices, especially
in connection with indirect lighting.
The American inventor has been
ranging all over the house from eel
lar to garret thinking up things to
invent and then inventing them.
Many Depression Triumphs.
A new science has come into being
since the depression. 1t is the science
of aero-dynamics and is responsible
for the widespread adoption Of the
streamline. Laboratory experiments
revealed previously unreanzed facts
concerning the character Of air re-
sistance and the result is the stream
lined railroad train, the streamlined
automobile and the application of the
| aero-dynamic principles TO other de-
signs. 1t is a curious fact that in
this very period Of hard times there
have been more mechanical improve
ments in transportation than in any
like period. Although the changes
made have been expensive, in the long
run it is believed economies will re-
suit and it has been the pressure Of
the need for economy in hard times
which has been largely responsible for
the field day in invention.
Almost every industry has worked
hard to improve its condition and
prospects. For example, the cotton
textile industry has developed cotton
"d4Lo 1OI lOuScS, DOLu 1L1S1Q6 anu OUT.
The outer cotton walls take the place
of stucco or clapboards. While the
cotton people have been creating a
wood substitute in this manner, the
wood pulp industry has devised a
method of processing wood pulp into
yarn which can substitute for cotton.
An entirely new textile product called
lastex is one of the depression tri-
umphs Of the textile industry. 1t is
a rubber textile. In that same field
methods have been perfected for de-
odorizng the old-time characteristic
smell from raincoats and other rub
Der garments. Although lastex was
not developed until 1880, the first de-
preston year, this curious yarn spun
from the milk of the rubber tree Is
finding a market at the rate of g.
000,0 900 pounds a year.
New blended fuels for certain types
OF engines have been produced, new
non-poisonous funigants, new paints
and varnishes, non-metallic resins
which resist acids and alkalies, a
long list of new plastic materials and
ceramic products, rust-resisting met
ais and improved radio apparatus.
The chemical industry has been espe-
cially active in developing new things,
all bred of the depression.
Evening star., 1934-11-04

on traffic fatalities bring the total
since March of this year to 81 deaths,
as compared with so during the cor
responding period of 1888. The Oc-
tober figures. however, have not been
broken down to indicate the number
of accidents, or deaths, directly at
tributable to intoxication on the part
of the automobile driver or pedestrian.
Up to October, a Total OF six traffic
deaths this year was attributed to
intoxication, as compared with two
for the corresponding period last year
Curiously enough, while more per-
sons have been killed and more per-
sons injured in trafic accidents this
year than last. there have been fewer
accidents. There were 5,167 accidents
between March and october 81, 1888,
as compared with 4,987 IN the corre-
spending period this year. But 2,714
persons have been injured this year
as compared with 1850 last. Possibly
the most significant comparison 20 far
available lies in the fact that the
105 accidents between March and
September 80, 1888, which were at
tributed to intoxication have increased
to 15s in the same period this year.
Between the hastily -arrivedat con-
clusions Of extreme vets and drys re-
garding the influence of repeal on
traffic accidents, there lies sane
middle ground for careful study
Everybody realizes the menace Of the
drunken driver. If his number is in
creasing appreciably, there must be a
corresponding effort to keep him away
from the steering wheel.
Evening star., 1934-11-04
TRUE GREATNESS
BY THE RIGHT REV. JAMES E. FREEMAN DID, LID, DEL
Bishop Of Washington.

times unreasonable, nevertheless, they
win from those Of us Of mature years
a glad and ready response. The affec-
tions Of the child are pure and un-
sullied. It was Of such that Jesus
said: Blessed are the pure in heart,
for they shall see God" There is no
quality of our human nature that is
at once more appealing and more
commanding than that which pro-
ceeds from the heart. AS we grow in
years we have a tendency to repress
our emotions and to give less heed to
a demonstrative exhibition OF the af-
fections. Our impulses are governed
largely by our reason.
Another quality that distinguishes
the child Is trustfulness. 1t knows
not the element of fear especially with
those in whom it repoSes confidence.
It's appraisal of human values is
largely founded in this confidence. 1t
is only where its trust is rudely shaken
or where it is disillusioned by the mis-
haps Of later years that it becomes
impaired. In nothing is this childlike
quality more marked than in the un-
faltering trust 1t discloses in the super
intending and protecting care of its
Heavenly Father. Religious habit to
the child is normal and unaffected by
the changing circumstances of life.
No shadow of doubt rests upon it. 1t
Is only when the multiplying years
and the influence of environing con-
ditions affect it that 1t loses its simple
trust.
To Jesus, true greatness meant
greatness of character The highest
attainment was achieved by those
whose qualities OF mind and heart
resembled most closely those OF the
unimpaired and unartificial love and
trust of the child. This does not i'm
ply lack of growth or maturity. 1t IS
placing the highest appraisal upon
gifts and qualities that, in the mind OF
Jesus, constitute the right to ENTER
into the Kingdom of Heaven" He
sums up His great affirmation with
an appeal for humility and declares
that this excelling virtue, which also
distinguishes child life, is one of the
marks Of true greatness.
Evening star., 1934-11-04
Vandals and Rowdies.

Chicago's second Century of Prog
ress Exposition closed Wednesday
night with a shocking spectacle OF
riotous misbehavior on the part OF
great multitudes. who seized the oc-
casion for an outburst of rowdyism
that has few parallels in American
history. In mad spirit of destruc-
tiveness they smashed buildings, stole
and scattered wares and caused the
loss of many thousand of dollars to ex-
hibitors, concessionaires and to the fair
organization. 1t was an outburst OF
what the English call 'hooliganism, u
which some years ago was an occa-
sional manifestation of vicious prank
ing in London. Some one has recalled
the fact that at the end Of the Centen-
nial Exposition at Philadelphia in 1876
a similar but not so extensive riot OF
no such damage was done then as was
inflicted the other night in Chicago
Possibly the fact that Wednesday was
Halloween, proverbially an occasion of
vandalism and confusion, had some
thing to do with the Chicago out
burst of the meanest aspect of human
nature. The great fair has during its
two years of maintenance been the
source of pleasure to many millions,
educative, entertaining and stimulat-
ing. and it was sorry climax to such
worthy and valuable enterprise that
was enacted on the last night, an out
break of the basest impulses Of a mob.
Evening star., 1934-11-04
Nobel Prize for Medicine.

Three American physicians Will
share the 1884 Nobel Prize for medi-
cal research. They are DR.. George
r. Minot and DR.. William P. Murphy
of the Harvard Medical School, work
ing together, and DR.. George H.
whipple of Rochester University, work
ing independently, and the fifty thou
sand-dollar award comes to them in
acknowledgment of their discovery OF
a method for the successful fighting
of pernicious anemia, a strange dis
ease, once considered incurable. In
the roster of fame the names OF the
trio will be bracketed with those OF
DIR. Alexis Carrel, who received the
prize in 1912; DR.. Karl Landsteiner,
who was honored in 1880, and Dr.
Thomas H. Morgan, who was chosen
for recognition last year-all Ameri-
cans by adoption, if not by birth.
Naturally, the news is a matter OF
qualification to thousands of people,
including, of course, those who have
been benefited particularly by the
labors of the group. Alfred Nobels
gift to humanity. it will be agreed by
the general public, has nowhere been
more effective than in the department
of medicine. His peace prize fre-
ouently has gone to persons who did
not need the money, and his bene-
faction for letters of an "idealistic
character" has been bestowed too
often on persons too old to profit by
it; but his endowment of physics and
chemistry and most notably his en-
dowment of medical science have been
pragmatically valuable. The point is
well illustrated by the statement OF
DR.. Minot, reported in the press i'm
mediately after the tidings had been
cabled from Stockholm:
I shall use my share to continue
my research work in blood diseases
WithAut suggesting an invidious
comparison, the hope may be ex-
pressed that one day q philanthropis'
may >zNsA.a an appropriate prize fol
Evening star., 1934-11-04
Cheaper. but Still Costly.

Now that Commissioner Allen has
been successful in his laudable efforts
to obtain the source of supply of
cheap, wholesome milk for families on
relief, the next question is the supply
of milk to relief families without re-
ducing their essential need of other
commodities. An experiment already
conducted by the dairies in trying to
sell milk to relief families at ten cents
quart demonstrated rather con-
clusively that the relief families do not
regard milk as a necessary element Of
diet when that diet is predicated on
the amount of money they now have
to spend. There were few customers
for ten-cent milk There might be
more for the eight-cent milk Mr.. Allen
has secured.
But Commissioner Allen presumably
intends to supply the milk to those who,
in his opinion, need it most. regard
less of whether they would buy milk
voluntarily. The milk will be purchased
with relief funds. The immediate OBJ
jective is to spread the 10000 quarts
of milk daily, which will be bought
by the District at eight cents quart,
among the 26,497 children under
twelve years old on relief rolls The
cost of the milk will be $500 day, or
something in excess of a quarter Of
million dollars a year. Mr.. Allen
apparently believes that this amount
can be deducted from relief funds,
which have already been called in
adequate, without seriously reducing
the supply of other essential elements
of relief family diet. At the same
time, he hopes eventually to secure
from the Federal Emergency Relief
Administration an additional grant
that will cover the cost of the milk
and thereby escape reducing the
amount now available for other relief
purposes.
Under the plan now agreed to, the
producers of milk will sell their SUR
plus n1ilk''-as distinguished from milk
sold to distributors at an artif1cially
maintained price as fluid milk''-at
sixteen cents a gallon, or four cents
quart. That is the prevailing price
for surplus milk. which is of the same
standard and quality as fluid milk. 1t
will cost an additional four cents a
quart for preparation and distribution
of the milk, bringing the price to the
District to eight cents quart, or five
cents less than the price paid by the
private consumer. The farmer, or pro-
ducer, will stand to gain something by
increasing the market for his surplus
milk. 1t is not yet wholly clear
whether the milk plan has as its chief
objective the supply of milk to the
needy, or the relief Of dairy farmers
by giving them an additional outlet
for their product. The cost, however,
will, of course, be borne by the tax
payers.
Evening star., 1934-11-04
Juror Qualifications.

Challenge of the validity of the
present grand jury on the ground
that one of its members had bor-
vowed money from the Home Owners
Loan Corporation will doubtless raise
an important question which eventu-
ally will reach the United States
Supreme Court. At the same time,
1t emphasizes again the increasing
difficulty of assembling, in the Dis
trict of Columbia, juries that do not
contain some person who has con-
tractual relations" with the United
States Government. Workers for the
Government are debarred from jury
service already, along with those who
have Government insurance, who are
pensioners or whose relations with
the Government can be considered as
literally contractual. In one case,
some years ago. the proprietor OF drug
store who had rented out a portion
of his store as a branch post Office
was held to have had contractual re-
lations with the Government which
disqualified him from grand jury
service. If present tendencies in ex-
tending Government functions are
continued, it may be difficult within
few years to find anybody who does
not have some sort of contract with
the Government. Does not the Blue
Eagle, for instance, symbolic a sort
of contract?
The common law rule that a grand
jury must be composed of twenty
three persons, majority of whom
must vote for indictment, has been
followed in the District. Successful
challenge of the qualifications of q
single grand juror is enough to in
validate the grand jurys findings in
any and all cases. There have been
notable incidents in the District in
which all indictments found by a
grand jury have been invalidated be-
cause juror was found to have been
disqualified through his contractual
relations with the Government.
The last Congress enacted a law
providing that the disqualification of
one or more grand jurymen would
not act to invalidate the jurys in
dictments if twelve, or a majority
of jurors, were found to have voted
for the indictment. The constitu-
tionality of this law will doubtless be
tested now in the courts. While the
States by statute may try person
by a jury composed of less than
twelve persons, the Supreme Court
has held that trial by common law
juries in Federal courts is necessary
under the due process of law clause
of the Constitution. 1t is possible
that the same finding might be
reached in connection with indict-
ment by common law grand juries,
which must contain twenty-three
jurors. Disqualification of juryman,
of course. would reduce the number
of jurors.
Evening star., 1934-11-04

As a standard of measurement Of
what constitutes real greatness moth
ing is comparable to the statement
Of the great Master as contained In
the first part Of the eighteenth chap
ter of st. Matthew's gospel. The in
cident is dramatic. The disciples had
come to Jesus, saying, who Is the
greatest in the kingdom Of heaven?"
They doubtless expected from Him a
reply in such terms as men usually
employ when speaking of high at
tainment or notable accomplishment.
In answer to their searching ques-
ton, we read that Jesus called little
child unto Him and set him in the
midst Of them and said: Verify, say
unto you. except ye be converted and
become as little children, ye shall not
enter into the Kingdom of Heaven.
WhoSoever therefore shall humble
himself as this little child, the same
is greatest in the Kingdom Of
Heaven"
This statement is the antithesis of
all that men hold concerning the
qualities that constitute greatness.
His statement certainly runs counter
to the appraisal that we commonly
place upon high attainment Of any
sort or kind, but it is worthy Of tire
most serious consideration. Jesus
would seem to say that the qualities
that inhere in child life approximate
the ideal more truly than those that
mark the development of those of
ripper years. There is no challenging
the fact that a child possesses we'll
defined virtues and qualities of mind
and heart that are quite unsurpassed
and that compel out deepest admira-
ton.
What are some Of these qualities?
In the first instance, freedom from
self consciousness or affectation of
any kind. The child is true to its
deeper and finer impulses. 1t employs
no arts or artiflces. To the limit of
its intelligence it speaks and acts gov
erned solely by the finer impulses of
its nature Its emotions are unre-
pressed, hence its affection is real and
singularly compelling. Its words and
acts may be unreasoned and some
Evening star., 1934-11-04

the promotion Of ways and means for
fighting anemia Of the soul. It surely
does not require argument that
throughout the world there is need
for more abundantly robust spiritual
development among the children OF
earth. Health in terms of religious
and ethical well-being, 1t would seem,
ought to be as important as health
In terms of physical resistance and
hardihood.
But perhaps the two are but oppo-
site sides of the same coin; and, If
that be true, Nobel may sleep in peace,
confident that dis wealth Is serving a
useful purpose.
Evening star., 1934-11-04
Capital Sidelights
BY WILL p. KENNEDY.

=
Forty-two former members of Con-
gress are battling away in this bien-
nial adulation of the sovereign voters
to get back into the law-making body.
The big majority Of them are men
who were In Congress for many years,
with outstanding records, listed as
among the most popular and able men
Of their day. Two are aspirants for
the Senate, one Democrat, Peter G..
Gerry of Rhode Island-a great-grand-
son of the famous Elbridge Gerry, q
member of the Colonial House Of Rep
resentatives, of the Continental Con-
gress, a signer of the Declaration Of
Independence, elected to the First and
Second Congresses and subsequently
Vice President on the ticket with
James Madison. The present aspirant
was elected to the House in 1918 and
to the Senate in 1916. DR.. Joseph I.
France is the Republican candidate
from Maryland. He is a practicing
physician, with much background. He
served in the Senate from 1917 until
l923-and was unceremoniously rushed
off the platform when he endeavored
to assert himself at the last Repub-
lican National Convention.
John Marshall Robson Of Kentucky
often known as -. M. from King
dom Come"-is former United States
Senator seeking election to the seat
In the House which he held for 10
years before elected to the Senate.
In Indiana there Is an interesting
group Of five former Republican mem
bers striving to come back" Among
these is Fred S. Purnell, contesting
against Mrs. Virginia E. Jenckes. He
was ranking Republican on the i'm
portant Rules Committee and one of
the strategistS and co-ordinators of
the Republican forces, having served
Is years continuously in the House.
The other former members from In
diana are David Hogg, Albert r. Hail.
Andrew J. Hickey and Frederick Lam
dis.
From Maryland, Representative
Frederick N. Zihlman, who was
glass blower by trade before he be-
came labor organization leader, who
served II years in the House and was
chairman Of the District of Columbia
Committee, is fighting it out with "the
Little Giant" Representative David
j. Lewis, who antedated Zihlman as
a member of Congress.
With record of IA years consecu-
tive service in the House with high
standing on the Judiciary and Rules
Committee, Earl C. Michener is max
ing his strong bid to be returned from
Michigan.
Missouri has a stalwart four ex-
members in the lists, most conspicu-
| ously Representative Leonidas C.
Dyer, at one time a Government clerk,
who climbed to the dignity Of chair
man Of the House Judiciary Commit
tee. The others from the SHOW Me"
State are: William L. Nelson, Demo-
crat. who is without opposition:
Dewey Short and Cleveland A. New
laws from 1919 to 1927.
Ohio also has four formers" out
standing being William A. Ashbrook,
newspaper publisher. legislator and
banker, who served in the House from
1907 to 1921, with distinguished rec
ord for achievement and popularity,
and B. Frank Murphy, Republican
who served IA years consecutively and
was one of the most conscientious and
able members of the Appropriations
Committee. John c. Speaks, Repub-
lican, an after-the-war member, and
C. B. McClintock. Republican. are the
other two seeking their old seats from
Ohio.