davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Waterbury Democrat., 1934-01-04

Hanna of the Chicago Journal of Commerce. Hanna told me of one case of a restaurant across the street from a factory.
 Consumers Chisel, Too
 "The factory hands all got their raises," Hanna reports, "but when they found that the restaurant' keeper, who also had increased ex- pense under the code, had to raise his prices a little, the factory men started to go home to lunch in, stead of eating at the restaurant as they had been doing for years
 That's a perfectly natural re. action, but it certainly is chiseline just as much as anything else. The consumer who is unwilling to pass along part of his income by will ingly paying increased prices wheI they're justified is just as bad 6 chiseler as an employer WhC cheats-on his payroll"
 Observe these things in Chicago: A labor leader kicking about the MIRA, though his organization has gained 5O,000 members. And pack CTS kicking about MIRA, though their profits are greater this year than last.
 TOMORROW: St Paul, center oi a great farming region, where MIRA is extremely unDODulaf.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1934-01-04
GARDEN

To-day and tomorrow the change of program at the New Garden theater will offer you en- tertainment in the flesh and you will see on the stage five instead If the customary four vaudeville acts which have been booked personal ly by Manager Halliwell from one of Broadway's leading vaudeville exchanges. These vaudeville offer ings are the same as appear in the leading vaudeville theaters of the country and the only reason that they can be secured for the New Garden and show them at our ex- tremely low prices Is that it gives jump coming from Boston to New York and vice versa.
 Secured for to-day and tomor- row is the talented Miss Brady and Howell, the ace comedians of vaudeville; Mabel Fondell trio, comedy novelty artists; Mercy and Lyle, versatile entertainers; Glenn. ons and Marcey, in a comedy sketch Reno Bound: and Ruth Voilmer, Radioland's brightest star.
 Heading the screen features Is "The Big Bluff" which introduces ResinaId Denny as an author and director for the first time, and he has proved himself with this one picture Co be equally talented in these new fields. ObvIouaiy, Den. ny wrote the story fer himself, for llis role Of Lord Dusmore, he tries to crash into the social set os nn Amer!can small town, and he on. counters difficultiee that present unusual opportunlties for his m. usual hair for farce. Denny, howe ever, has not been content Co eQns llne all tho hOnora to hlmeeIf. He hac surrounded himself with a splendid east that ia uniformly good. Among those whose oontrl. buttons to the laugh fest warrant special mention aFo Claudia Doil Donald Keith, Cyril chadWlak, Jo1 rEeu!N Alden dray sse Lpsiile
 Also to ba shown aFs . npmbeF Qf the neAHon'@ ehe'Qesi ffAtnf' N't<*
The Waterbury Democrat., 1934-01-04

policy. After long and careful consideration by a committee of Chicago's really big men, they asked only a prompt return to a gold standard such as should be determined by the president.
 Johnson Arouses Ire
 General Johnson made a defi' nitely bad impression on business men here on his speaking tour They bitterly resented his invec- tive.
 Well listen to reason" one of them told me. Out we can do that without calling names"
 Others, including reporters Tor papers opposing the NRA, told me they thought Johnson was swell and "went over big" Some idea of what NRA means to the huge packing industry here may be gained from the fact that the first year under the code is ex- pected to cost Swift & Company q million and q half in increased wages, and Armour about the same.
 Yet they seem able to car- " this burden. Armour, Cud. ahy, Swift, and Wilson each finished the year with profits of more than q million, and all made better shOwingS than last year, despite increased costs.
 The whole trick here, as with
The Waterbury Democrat., 1934-01-04

including operating expenses of the !. regular government establishments i. and also all expenditures which may be broadly classed as caused 7 by the necessity for recovery from : the depression will amount tnls ! year (end June 30, 1934) to $9'- . 4O3,006,9G7."
 ? "As against these expenditures, which have either been appropriat- 1. ed for or for which appropriations are asked, the estimated receipts : for this fiscal year lending June , 30, 1934) are $3,259, ,93S,756.
 "On this basis, including, now ever, certain additional expendi- lures for 1884 which are not in- l. cluded in the budget estimates but ; which l believe to be necessary and amounting to $1,166,O0 900, ' the excess of expenditures over re- . ceipts will be $7.300, ,0GS,211. ln- ; terest charges on the borrowings in ' excess of budget estimates VIII ? slightly increase this figure.
 "On the basis of these estimates. ' the public debt, in the strict sense ! of tho term. at the expiration of D this fiscal year will therefore amount to approximately $2o'- l. 847,O00,000, or an increase as ! shown above of $7,300, ,0G8.211. . However, as against this in- crease in the total debt figure, it is . right to point out that tho various governmental agencies have loans . outatnndlng with n book value or : 33,5bs,5tO,1s0 against which cole q lateral or assets have been gledRed. "In order to mako clenr t0 the congress what our borrowing prob lem is for the next slx months, per. init mo t0 remind you that we shall ; have to borrow approximately . ! billion dollars of now mOney and,
 ln addition, billion dollars Co f0oat mnlurltIoH of llk9 amount" Tllle FISCAL YEAR fDBf
 ENDING JUNE 60, tvBh eTee budget eHiimntog of exs neBnlturen. eSelvjye 0f debt TO. llfemena 0f shsb,7g5, 500 and oA. slnslVe also 0f such suin ns may
 bo necessary for new hiid eAifh'
The Waterbury Democrat., 1934-01-04

automobiles, lies in whether sales volume increases in 1894. There is some hope of export of lard to Russia, for there are enormous stocks of both lard and pork In storage. hanging over the market.
 Fear Packing Strike
 There has been comparatively little labor trouble in the packing industry, and recent raises were granted by the leading firms even above MIRA levels.
 The Chicago federation admits 1t has only about IS per cent of the stockyard workers organized, but these are in the vital handling de- partment, which could tie up the unorganized or company union majority.
 Conferences recently were held here looking toward n national strike of packing-house workers, and there seems considerable dis satisfaction with even MIRA con- ditions.
 One labor official told me, "Our problem is to try to hold them down and keep them from striking immediately, before organization is completed"
 It was in Chicago that met the chiseler." He was introduced to me by Editor Phil s.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1934-01-04

: tho height of the season, and the miInners lost the whole seasons s i. business. Both strikes resulted in . recognition of the unions, but six . millinery and three dress firms : moved out of town.
 Laundry War Halted : The greatest cleanup was in the !. 1aundries, of which Chicago has : ], 400. They were in the midst of a . vicious price war when MIRA came ? along, and then II laundries which refused to fly the Blue Eagle ! threatened to ruin the industry. . Price cutting reached Q point ? where some laundries were giving . away three shirts with every 10 " pounds of laundry.
 , Within 4S hours the whole : vicious war was halted, and . leaders later told the MIRA
 compliance board here that it i. had done in 48 hours what . they had been unable to do in " 25 years.
 Agreements had been made . before, but always broken. |. This one is being made to stick. . Paul Running, secretary of the i. Association of Commerce and a l. leader in compliance work. tells 2 you of visible progress in cleaning {. up the cleaning and dyeing, beauty parlor, and garage and parking : businesses, all of which had been : more or less infested with racket . eers.
 Racketeers Are Routed "There are dozen places in ! town where rackets will be broken up," says Running. Tt is being !. done simply by allowing responsi- ble people to reassume command. 9 The Chicago compliance board : has IF embers, serving as volun-
 teers. They have had 3,486 com i. plaints, all but Al of which were |. settled by conciliators without . formal board hearings.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1934-01-04
TREASURY DEPT
 OFFICIAL DEAD

Hartford, Conn. Jan. 4--(UP)--- Funeral services were to be held Friday for Major Walter Grant Penfeld, 61, U. $. Treasury depart ment construction engineer, who died here yesterday.
 Major Penfield saw service in the sphnish-Amorican War and in the Philippine instruction. He resign ed from the army in 1915 to be- come works manager for the Ren- ington Arms Co.,. Bridgeport, Co.,, Wilmington, Del. After the close of tho World War he was president of the eturdi-Trick Manufacturing Co.,, Holypke, Mass. later coming to Hartford with tho Albert stel. ger, Inc.
 His widow. a son and q sister survive.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1934-01-04
M The. Local T'he1ters

Ted Healy and his stooges are in charge of the campus. "The Baron" and Durante arrive aboard sea- going elephant. Pearl and Miss
 Pitts have a screamingly funny love scene in an icebox. The "college girls" beautiful singing and danc- ing chorines, do q musical number climaxed by dance under shower
 baths. Amid the comedy is a thread of love romance. The companion feature presents
 Ann Marding with Nils Asther and
 Robert Young in "rhe Right to auctions this popular star has yet given the talking screen. Sunday brings Constance Ben
 nett and Gilbert Rowland in After
 Tonight" and James Cagney in Lady Killer"
The Waterbury Democrat., 1934-01-04
By WILLIS THORNTON

nHICAGO, Jan 3 - This V great brawling, hustling beehive in which swarm 3 per cent of all the American peo- ple-greatest railroad, grain and livestock center in the country - has managed to raise itself to a level of some thing very like prosperity.
 How? Fifty per cent Worlds Fair and 50 per cent NRA, is the way a big downtown store execu- tive explains 1t. Chicago's grim slogan of T Will" Is no pipe dream. She has.
 There isn't any question about the improvement. It shows in every field, beginning in midsummer.
 Chicago is the supply center of all the central and western states. So when in August Chicago held its "fall market opening" 1t held its breath as well.
 Buyers Storm City
 But 25,000 merchants Q m e swarming down on Chicago-more than ever before in history. They bought somewhere between 25 and 30 million dollars worth of goods from the big wholesalers.
 An ordinary year brings 10000 buyers and orders of around IS millions. One wholesale house, selling apparel and household goods, reported orders from Texas from dealers who had not placed an order in years.
 The mail-order business, which centers here, reports a minor boom. Several textile wholesalers report that they actually are short ,sof stock.
 ]. Chicago, too, has had labor trou- , bles. Two disastrous strikes in the millinery and dress lines came at
The Waterbury Democrat., 1934-01-04
gan and others have found loop holes for tax evasion. More Favorable Outlook

hOiC0 LOA tehA CNehoAohs
 More Favorable Outlook
 Deliberately utilizing only the lowest estimates of potential rev. enue and generally the higher es- inmates of potential expenditure, the President expects the ultimate facts to be somewhat more favor- able than the financial situation is pictured today in his message.
 His liquor income estimate at the $2 a gallon rate now proposed, for instance, was for an increase of only 100000 above income at the existing $1.10 rate. The message contains an indirect warn ing to the states to avoid loading liquor with burdensome gallonage taxes.
 Congressional leaders have told MT Roosevelt the liquor income would be far above his estimate. He told them, in return, that he wanted appropriated an additional $1,166, 100000 at this session Of congress for immediate use to con- tinue the CWA after February ID; to aid Home Loan Banks; and to refinance farm loans with the ola federal land bank system.
 At the White House conference last Monday night, MT Roosevelt informed democratic congressional leaders that he wanted from this session an appropriation of $2,- 900, 100000 of emergency funds for use in the next fiscal year.
 Future Estimates
 He estimates $600,0OO,O0O TOT relief; $5OO,O00,000 for public
 fha Efts $500, 100000 for the Civilian con con servation Corps; and $100,O0O'OVo for farm credit and home loan aid.
 The President asked the demo- cratic leaders for lump sum ap- propriation. Failing that, he vans authority to shift itemized allot- ments from one avenue of expend- iture to another.
 He feels. for instance, that re- lief needs in the next fiscal year may vary between $300,000,0O0 and $500, 100000 and does not want to be tied to a specific sum. The rather mysterious $500.OOO,- 900 for the REC is to be ear- marked. the United Press under stands, for general emergency needs.
 Against expenditures for this fiscal year is estimated revenue Of $3,2t9,938,756, considerably more than had been expected. Revenue for the next fiscal year is esti- mated to be $3.974,665,479.
 Economy Bill Stands
 The economy bill is to remain unchanged except for legislation making return of per cent of the federal employees 15 per cent pay cut mandatory as of July l. and an amendment exempting army. navy and marine corps personnel from the prohibition against automatic increases in compensation upon promotion to a higher rank.
 The overall deficit figure repre- aents the net increase in public debt estimated for June 90, i034. when the fiscal year ends. Three IA in addition s4ss.l7I.b00 allo. cated to public debt retirement. MT Roosevelt said the aggregate of expenditures in this fiscal year and tho next would be siG.beD.. sO6,Og7 and that on June 20, 1885. the national debt would be swol. len to the unprecedented figure Of sgi,s3t,OO0,00 900. He promised then to balance tho budget within federal income,
 On D0aembOr ai, last the public debt was eas,Hig,7eO, O,7gb.6b. The peak load of public debt s0 far wna rcaahod fee.seg,7oiloss,0i. Tho iInanelal status and fHsafa
The Waterbury Democrat., 1934-01-04
COLLECTION OF
 CITY GARBAGE
(continued from Page 1)

(Continued from Page 1)
 matter of collecting garbage may be let out by contract. At the present time garbage collectors are hired, Individually, by the city. They are paid weekly wages. Un- der the new plan proposed the contract, if let. would provide for Q greater and more efficient cover- age of the city. r
 Many complaints have come to the city as the result of the use of leaky wagons by the individual collectors. In addition, many of the collectors use horse-drawn ve- hicles and, therefore. are not able to cover their respective territor- les in the speedy fashion now de- manded by the taxpayers. In addi. with the consolidation of the school districts with the city proper . greater territory must be covered by the collectors.
 The contract which Is expected to be considered by the health board would provide for motor driven and more modernized equip. ment which would not only cover the territory in quicker fashion but also guard against ieaky equip- ment. A saving for the city ih expected to result.
 Health Officer Dr Godfrey stat. cd today that he had made q study of various cities in Connecticut, in regards to garbage collection, ln addition Go many cities ef water. bury'n slze throughout the country. His report wili Do filed at tho next meeting of the board Of works.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1934-01-04
NRA SAVES INDUSTRY

A typical case of wOrth- W h 1 C accomplishment through the NRA is cited by the Chicago Association of Commerce.
 In the large house dress industry, whose plants em- plOy from 15OO to $500 work CTS each, wOfnen were forced to produce 75 dresses a night to make $4 a week. That kind of house dress used to sell for $1, but dropped to two for 49 cents. Neither maker, wholesale, nor retailer profit cd. Five manufacturers were r'uining the industry.
 First the cotton textile code, then tho house dress industry code came along. Now these women earn $12.5O a week, and have slowed down to 50 dresses a night. You may have to pay $1 for the dresses in the stores, as you used to, but you needn't be ashamed to wear them.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1934-01-04

APPROPRIATIONS
 "The budget estimates of appro- priations for 1885, exclusive of agricultural adjustment adminis- tration benefit payments and re- funds of processing taxes, but in- elusive of all other appropriations for regular departments and inde- pendent establishments including interest on the debt and debt re- tirement are $2,980,293,833.6O. When compared with budget esti- mates of appropriations trans mitted in the budget for 1894 they show a reduction of $684,913.167.
 CONTROL:
 'TJp to now there has been no coordinated control over emergency expenditures. Today, by executive order, I have imposed that neces- sary control in the bureau of the budget.
 Heretofore, emergency expendi- lures have not been subject to audit by the comptroller general of the general accounting office. To- day l am, by executive order, re- posing in him the authority to con- duet such an audit and to continue to audit each such expenditure. Hereafter, therefore, just as in the departmental expenditures, there will be, in emergency expenditures, pre-budget and q post audit"
 "It is evident to me, as I am sure 1t is evident to you, that powerful forces for recovery exist. It is by laying a foundation of confidence In the present and faith in the future that the upturn which we have so far seen will become cumulative. The cornerstone of this foundation is the good credit of the government.
 "It ia, therefore, not strange nor iH it academic that this credit has a profound effect upon tho confi- denee SO necessary to permit the new recovery to develop into mas turity.
 "if we maintain the course have outlined, we can confidently look forward Co cumulative benen. elal forces represented by increnns sd volume Of business, more gen. oral profit, great employment. ( | ,Smlnutl0n Of rellef expenditures larger governmental receipts ane repaymontn, and greater humah "sSgpRi'i2IiNiLIN D, noosnvnLrr
The Waterbury Democrat., 1934-01-04
LIoUOIl sOLD AT CAPITOL

noBlon, Llnuof is sioo % Mannanh hllselts state house = but only in tho form of run dfOpb Thsrm drops. Co four davoFs, are sold nf tho public candy counter, NliNinoee at Che counter hnn HhQWn < noticeable pl1h4nN N|isff faneN'l
The Waterbury Democrat., 1934-01-04
CWA HELPS 2OOO

Sangamon county, Illinois, where Abraham Lincoln Once split rails, now has more than 2OOO men working on CWA projects for the gov ernment Lincoln preserved.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1934-01-04

ure notes or galBuFe of gold held neeilon win doIlaf 1isbll|asllon.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1934-01-04
Chicago Basks In Prosperity Sun;
 MIRA Plays Major Role In Upturn
Wholesale Lines Boom; Vicious Price Wars And Labor Strife End Under New Deal

This is the second of il arti- cIes on "America Under the Hue Eagle," a series written ex- clusiyely for the Waterbury Democrat and other NEA Service newspapers after a 5OOO.mile journey of survey to the na- tion's principal centers of popu- Iation, showing the situation after six months operation of the recovery program.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1934-01-04
APPROPRIATIONS

the revenues expected in the fisca year 1936."
The Waterbury Democrat., 1934-01-04

TOMORROW: St Paul, center of a great farming region, where MIRA Is extremely unpopular.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-04-03
Mother of 6, Seeking
Bread, Is Jailed; Goes
on Hunger Strike

CLEVELAND, April 1.-She asked
for hread-shc got ten days in Jail
And now Mrs. Fanny Gulkin.
mother of six, is on a hunger
strike in a desperate effort to force
Cuyahoga County relief authorities
to feed her children.
She was arrested when she pro-
tested against the cutting of her re-
lief allowance to SO a week.
My children7" she cried. What
will become of them? I can't send
them to school because they have
no lunches. But l haven't enough
food for them at home either"
Two demonstrations, one in front
of Central Police Station and one In
Police Court were organized by the
International Labor Defense and
the Unemployed Council-of which
Mrs. Gulkin and her unemployed
husband are members.
With three others who Joined her
in the protest. she was arraigned
before Police Judge Greene.
When Morris Berkowitz, a social
worker testified that Mrs. Gulkin
had called him bad name she rose
from her seat.
Your Honor" she said. that is
not so. He Is not speaking the
truth"
Silence" reared the Judge. look
ing his judicial blacklist. you are
sentenced to 10 days in Jail for con-
tempt of court"
Mrs. Gulkin tainted. When she
came to she was lying on bench in
q cell. When her husband went to
the police station with his children
to plead for his wifes release, he
was struck on the head by an officer
and led away to cell.
The children were left to get
home the best they might. AS their
father had the key, they had to
stand shivering in the cold until he
was released by the police.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-04-03

New York; Can the Workers School
take the initiative in certain stu
ations2 Can the Workers School
carry on activities outside of the
classrooms? It was decided to have
a conference on this question.
First of all, as far as the purpose
Of the school as such is concerned,
there is no difference of opinion,
But the question is What is the
relation of the school to the Party
apparatus, and what is its parti-
c,1ar function? Does the school
stand outside Of the Party, the same
as an LID. or WIR. or FS.U.
branch, or any of these mass or
CARNATIONS. or is the school an
integral part Of the Party appar-
atuS?
THE School is not an outside or
ganization The School is an in
tegral part Of the entire Party ma
chinery It is part of the Agita-
ton and Propaganda work of the
Party. In fact, when first the Cen
trail Committee decided to assign
me as the head of the schools
throughout the country, they at that
time split the Agitprop Department
into two parts, Agitation and Pro-
paganda, and the school was placed
in the Propaganda Department. d.
con the question of other specific
activities of the school. For exam
ple-Comrade Martin will probably
deal with 1.-THE thought that the
Workers School should be the one
to take the initiative in coming out
against the decrease in the appro-
priation for the schools in New
York, that the Workers Schools
should take the initiative in pro-
testing against wage cuts of the
teachers, etc. say this: that the
Workers School should do these
things, but when it is put in that
way; that because the school is an
educational institution, it should do
these things, that is wrong. This
is q. Party task The whole Party
should take it up, and the school
also, as part of the Party, should
take part"
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-04-03
What's Doing in the Workers
Schools of the US.

TIE Spring Term Of the Workers
School of New York opens Mon
day, April g. An opening assembly
of the Spring Term students will
be held on Saturday, April 7, at 3
p. m. at the Workers School, 35 E,
18th st.
Registration has doubled itself
since last week, reaching the figure
of 1000 students, with almost a
week to go still before the open
ing. Indications are that the
Spring Term this year will be far
ahead Of any Spring term in the
history Of the school.