davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
, 1934-12-30

on the harbor BrazoS for the great
er part Of their commerce. Two
thirds OF all the commece OF Mata-
mcros. has until recently been under
American flag. Both are flourish
ing places. In l84l the extent Of
the trade OF Matamoros with the
United States reached the sun Of
"a. o 5000. OF which 100000 were
inward and 2.200.0 900 outward car
goes. including 81. 0 900 in specie
and $500. 900 in hides. It's imports
are chiefly breadstuffs. spices. pro-
visions. cloths; its exports. specie
hides and wool. AS the mining dis
tricts are further developed. there
will be a large demand for machin-
cry Of all kinds. Since the Mexican
War. the trade has much increased.
and that Of Brownsville alone was
estimated In 1861 at $4,000. 900.
Since the Civil War began an i'm
mense contraband trade has been
done. reaching millions In amount
and keeping always employed a
large number of vessels. There
have been at times on the coast
awaiting cargoeS. from so to 10 YES
sells. The recent expedition Of
General Banks. found % sail. and
this in unfavorable weather 80 the
export has been chiefly cotton. This
cotton. grown $50 miles up the
coast in the heart Of Texas, has been
dragged by wagons this great dis
lance; cotton wagons. horses. team
sters. ali being considered by the
Rebel military authorities TO carry
on this absolutely necessary trade to
the Confederacy.
by this trade MatamoroS had
become one Of the leading ports on
, 1934-12-30
For Economy

Ice is economical in that there is nothing to paw for
beyond the ice itself. Just a few cents daily, resulting
in complete assurance Of healthtful food.
, 1934-12-30
New York Had Vision of Harbor Here in Early Cos

thwarted down through the years
nov promises % come true with tha
port Developments IN Brownsville
and Point Isabel Nov Port Isabel.
with plans 20 bring the ocean TO
townsville In the form or a l6-mile
channel.
, 1934-12-30
Prediction Made II Years
= y y y y
Ago of Great Harbor Near
= = = = = =
Rio Grande Coming True

Except to those who have made
a careful study Of the topography
of the Rio Grande country, or those
who have a direct interest in that
quarter, ii may not be generally
known that Matamoros and Browns
vile, which face each other from
the Mexican and United States
banks Of the great river are at a
considerable distance from the
mouth Of the river. The course
Of the river as II nears the c is
extremely tortous. and the two
towns which are not more than 20
miles from the Boca del Rio. or
mouth Of the river. by air line. and
SO miles by the river road. which
leads by short cuts across the larg-
er bends, are 20 miles distant from
the mouth by the course of the
stream.
Tampico Nearest Port
Owing to this in part. but chief
ly to the dangerous nature Of the
Rio Grande bar. the harbor OF Bra
zos Santiago. nine miles north OF
the mouth OF the Rio Grande. Is
practically the harbor of Matamoros
and Brownsville. and the point by
which all the exports and imports
of the fertile Valley Of the Rio
Grande. including the states Of
Tamaulipas. Coahuila. and Nuevo
Leon, with their rich mineral wealth,
must pass. As has been remarked.
Tampico Is the nearest Mexican
harbor, and is distant 240 miles. at
the most southern point of Tamau-
lipas. The entrance to the harbor
Of BrazoS Santiago is between Padre
Island to the north and Brazos Is
land TO the south. The bar at all
times affords a sufficient depth Of
water for vessels drawing eight and
frequently for those drawing nine
feet.
The United States engineer
charged with the survey OF this
point in 1854 reported that by a
regular system Of dredging similar
to that in use at the mouth Of the
Mississippi. twelve feet could be
kept at all times. The bar itself
is a ridge OF loose sand. To the
northwest from the pass Is Point
Isabel. a bluff about 26 feet above
low-water mark. on which. as the
only place secured from the over
flow. are built the lighthouse. the
custom house. the wharves and ware
houses. Previous to the American
occupation Of the country. Point
Isabel was the port OF entry for
MatamoroS. and the Mexican Gus
tom house VAS here stationed; since
, 1934-12-30
H. DUCE MAKES SCIENTISTS
ELIGIBLE FOR GOLD MEDALS

ROME. N1-ScientistS. explorers.
mountain climbers and athletes who
risk their lives i'm the public inter
est are now eligible for gold medals.
thanks TO MuSSolini.
Looking over ar 5~0-year-old law
governing the award OF medals Tor
valor, he discovered that no provis-
ion had v been made for heroes
OF these f~ollowingS. Forthwith he
amended the regulation
In a published explanation nc
called scientists superior men who
in many cases sacrifice their lives
for the high ideal Of human prog
ress.-
Feb. Is. 1926. was the date Of pub
Hcation OF the first African news
Daper.
, 1934-12-30

the Mexican war the greater part OF
the foreign trade OF The upper and
lower Valley OF the Rio Grande has
been carried on through this point.
From Point Isabel to Brownsville.
the distance Is shorter than by the
river road from the mouth Of the
Rio Grande, not exceeding IS miles
by the road and 20 by air line.
The harbor Is safe except in
the most violent northers, and al
though vessels drawing above six
feet cannot run UP 10 the wharves
at Point Isabel, yet such are the
dangers Of the bar at other points
so much greater the cost Of lighter
age. that this Is the most secure and
economical method Of carrying on
the trade. That this was recognized
TO be the caSe Is evident from the
fact that a company was formed
and subscription books were about
TO be opened to build a railroad from
Monterrey, Nuevo Leon. to Aata-
moros, and from Brownsville to
Point Isabel. when accession in 1861
broke up the scheme"
These roads have both since been
built, the Mexico road many years
after that date. however.
Importance Stressed
In continuing the paper attempts
TO show the Importance Of deep wa
ter here. declaring theme particu-
lars are entered into to show the
great Importance to the United
States as well as TO Mexico Of ouI
holding securely this valuable point
II has already been shown that II
Is the only harbor on the coast fol-
400 miles. and whatever power shall
hold IL. win inevitably control the
trade not only OF the Rio Grande
Valley. but OF a large part Of North
ern Mexico. IL seems therefore
clearly the policy Of the Government
immediately to Stablish defensive
work and storehouses al this point
and TO take a permanent possession
never again 10 be surrendered OF
lett 10 the chance OF rebellion al
nome or invasion from abroad. There
are at the present no such defenses
During the Mexican War A depot
was established here BY General
Taylor. and this site selected as
a base OF operations for his cam
palgn. A mud fort - Fort Po,k :
was thrown up, the remains al
which exist. "A powerful and per-
manent work should be erected. and
hight draught gun-boats be per.
m~anently stationed In the harbor
Fort Brown, which commands both
BROWNSVILLE and MatamoroS oppo
site, should be restored and armed
ana a railroad at once built 10 con
meet Brownsville and Point Isabel
The triangle thus formed bv the
gun, the river. and the road be-
tween these two points would form
an admirable position for the de-
tense. The short line between the
two forts protected by them. and
with the water on both flanks. would
prove i~mpregnable against a large
force.
Brownsville : MatamOros
These forts practically depend
, 1934-12-30

COMPREHENSIVE plan Of
n waterway navigation develop
a u ment, worked out by a New
York newspaper II years ago. where
by the United States could secure
much OF the trade of northern Mex
leo. IS now becoming a reality.
The plan was advanced by the
New York Daily Tribune IN us -
Of Thursday. December s. 1908,
COPY of which has been received oy
the Brownsville Chamber OF CON-
merce recently.
In this issue, which devotes APP
proximately five columns TO Browns
Vile and the surrounding country,
a word picture Of this section as y
should be is drawn with the VISION
Of a prophet, for the picture IS al
most an exact description OF the
Lower Rio Grande Valley Of tne
present day.
saw Great Commerce
brownsville was then the most
important port Of the South ioi
the simple reason that II was the
only southern port not blockaoeo
by reason Of its international con-
tack. with MatamoroS, across the
Rio Grande here.
The sage" OF the New York I'll
bune predicted that 1t would lose
this place when the war was over
but that the United States could oy
proper engineering steps make TINS
part Of the country an outlet ioI
produce from northern Mexico
which would give a great volume OF
commerce.
After a delay Of II years this plan
Is being carried out in almost every
detail.
The one big feature which has
not proved true is the plan Tor max
ing the Rio Grande navigable as lar
UP as Fl PaSo, a distance OF l4Ou
miles, the Rio Grande having been
entirely abandoned years ago as q
navigable stream.
The writer in the Tribune at that
time told what fruits and other
crops could be raised in this Sec
ton, and his predictions have come
true in practically every instance. His
description OF the country then, and
its possibilities, would make a fine
real estate boom talk at the pres
ent time with only a few minor al
terations.
, 1934-12-30
Future Predicted

The muSty pages Of the old Tri-
bune tell the following story in part:
The r~eoccupation of the Rio
Grande."
The landing OF a United State
force at the mouth Of the Rio
Grande. and the occupation Of the
important positions Of Point Isabel
and Brownsville after an abandon
ment Of nearly three years. from an
era in the history Of the war. The
movement is of the gravest impor-
lance. whether considered in its re-
lation TO the Rebellion itself. to the
changed condition of Mexico, or to
the possible embarraSScmentS which
may result from il in the conduct
Of our diplomatic relations with
France. We propose chiefly to con-
slder the character and importance
of the country which we have re-
occupied. and its relation to the
Northeastern States Of Mexico.
Topography OF the Gulf Coast"
The water on the whole OF the
Gulf Coast from New Orleans "a
Tampico is extremely shallow. and
affords but few ven passable har-
bors one Of the first class. From
New Orleans to Arkansas Pass we
find those OF Sabine. Galveston. and
Passo Cavallo. the entrance TO
Matagorda Bay. From Arkansas
Pass to Tampico a distance Of 400
miles. the only harbor OF anv kind
IS that Of Brazos Santiago. or point
Isabel. At the mouth OF the Rio
Grande there Is no harbor worthy
Of the name. The water on the
bar varies from two and a half to
six feet in depth - never exceeding
the latter. and rarely over four
feet. Sailing vessels can only cross
&c In tow OF steamers. During the
season Of northers. 1t IS extremely
hazardous for vessels even to lay
off the bar, OH account OF its uncer-
tain and shifting character. The
bar can hardly be improved. being
formed by foundations from the
sea, and not from the deposits of
the river.
"Brazos-S Santiago harbor Of Mata-
moros and Brownsville"
, 1934-12-30

The United States government.
which made a survey OF the BrazoS-
Santiago port project in 1854. and
found 1t a feasible project. Is now.
after a lapse OF more than three
quarters of a century. spending close
to 5 100000 in building q 25-foot
harbor where the Tribune recon-
mended one in 1868. This govern
ment money Is being matched by
$2.694. 900 furnished by local inter-
ests. and the sea is going TO be
brought 10 Brownsville through a
25-foot channel.
The hope Of the Valley. and OF the
government in construction cf this
podt is that after the lapse OF II
years the prediction Of the Tribune
for getting the trade Of northern
Mexico may be realized.
Huge amounts Of iron. copper and
other metals r smelted at Monter-
rey. in northern Mexico. These ores
Ire now shipped to Tampico. over
a high mountain range. and sent
out through n port there.
This ore car be brought 10
Brownsville on a downward grade
all the way from Monterrey. can be
crossed into the United States as
crude ore at small duty, and sme!t-
ed on this side of the Rio Grande
and shipped out through the port
OF Brownsville. At least such is the
plan Of several OF the smelterS, and
such was the plan Of theTribune in
1863.
What the Tribune did not foresee
In 1868 Is the oil development now
beginning to take place in northern
Mexico. and in southern Texas.
around Mission. Aldamas. Rio
Grande City. Roma, Monterrey. and
other points.
, 1934-12-30
A PORT FACT

And with the coming of the great Port Of
Brownsville, we and our plant are ready to
serve the great expansion and growth that is
sure to come, with fresh, clear, pure ice.
In this day and age, when economy is the
common practice, you. too, should save this eff
ficient way 80. Use Ice.
The Washington times., 1934-11-07
FIGHT At POLLS
KILLS VET

MT. VERNON. KY, Nov. z
G.N.SO.-One man was killed and
another probably fatally wounded
in Kentucky's first election fight,
which occurred in front Of the
polls at Livingston, near here, late
yesterday.
A. B. Brown, so, World War
veteran, was shot twice in the alb
domen and was dead when he was
taken to the Pennington Hospital
at London, KY.
Town Marshal John Lakes, 81,
of Livingston, was stabbed below
the heart. in the left hand and
arm, and was believed to be dying.
Physicians at the London Hospital
operated on him soon after he was
taken there, in an attempt to save
his life.
Brown attacked the marshal
with a knife in front of the poll
ing place at Livingston, according
to reports received here, and was
shot by the officer.
The Washington times., 1934-11-07
c. D. P. CARRIES
DELAWARE

WILMINGTON, Del, Nov. 7
G.N.SO The New Deal upsurge
that deluged the nation as a
whole in the election yesterday
failed to cross the borders of
Delaware, virtually complete re-
turns today revealed.
With but one of the 226 cleo.
ton districts in this little State
naming to be accounted for.
United States Senator John G..
Townsend. one of the outstanding
Republican critics of the Roose-
welt Administration, decisively de.
feated his Democratic opponent,
Wilbur L. Adams.
The veteran Senator pulled
with him to victory the Republi.
can nominee for the House of
Representatives, John George
Stewart, who defeated the Demo.
cratic candidate, John C. Hazard.
The Washington times., 1934-11-07
MRS. GREENWAY.
BACK TOULOUSE

Mrs. Isabella Greenway, born
in Kentucky's mountains and
raised in New York's social 400"
a New Mexico cattle rancher and
an Arizona copper miner, is Ari
zona's lone representative for a
second time.
Mrs. Greenway, Democrat,
defeated her Republican opponent,
Hoval A. Smith, and Charles A..
Preston, Socialist candidate, in
yesterdays election. She first
came to the House of Representa-
tives in January after a special
election last year to fill the unex-
pired term of Lewis w. Douglas,
former Director of the Budget.
The Washington times., 1934-11-07
POLICEMAN NAMED

Benjamin F.. Swami, 81, has
been appointed a member of the
Alexandria police force by Captain
John Arnold.
The Washington times., 1934-11-07
TESS, REED AND ROBINSON FALL WITH STAN[
PROBABLE SENATE WINNERS

Latest returns on the Senu
toridl race ShotD the tollo1Utn0 a.
either elected, reelected, or ShotD
inc substantial majority. The
Nebraska race Is still doubtful
ARIZONA
Henry F. AshurSt, Democrat.
CALIFORNIA
Hiram w. johnson, Republic
can-Democrat Progressive Com
monwealth.
CONNECTICUT
Francis T. Maloney, Democrat
DELAWARE
John G. Townsend, jr., Repub.
lican.
FLORIDA
Park Trammell, Democrat.
INDIANA
Sherman Minton, Democrat.
MARYLAND
george w. RaQcll11e, Democrat
MASSACHUSETTS
David I. Walsh, Democrat.
MICHIGAN
Arthur H. Vandenburg, Re
publican.
MINNESOTA
Henrik Shipstead, Farmer-Labor
MISSISSIPPI
Theodore G. Bilbo, Democrat.
MISSOURI
Harry S. Truman. Democrat.
MONTANA
James E. Murray, Democrat.
Burton K. Wheeler, Democrat
NEBRASKA
Cor unexpired term ending
January 3. 1880
Richard C. Hunter, Democrat.
j. H. Kemp, Republican.
(For full term beginning
January 3, 1880.
Edward R. Burke, Democrat.
NEVADA
Key Pittman, Democrat.
NEW JERSEY
A. Harry Moore, Democrat.
NEW MEXICO
Cor unexpired term ending Janu'
airy 3, 1880
Carl A. Hatch, Democrat.
Dennis Chavez, Democrat.
NEW YORK
Royal S. Copeland, Democrat.
NORTH DAKOTA
Lynn ]. Frazier, Republican.
The Washington times., 1934-11-07
P|TTNAN LEADS
IN NEVADA

RENO, New, Nov. 7 G.N.SO.
United States Senator Key Pitt
man, Democrat, continued to in
crease his lead over George R.
Malone, Republican, as results of
yesterdays election continued to
come in today.
Returns from 1873 of Nevada's
245 precincts gave Pittman, $3.50:
Malone, 3,141.
The Democrats also retained
their hold on the States lone seat
in the Lower House of Congress
with the reelection of James G..
Scrugham over George B. Russell.
A Democratic victory for gov.
ernor also was indicated with
Richard Kirmin, Democrat, lead
ing Acting Governor Merely Girls
void,
The Washington times., 1934-11-07

OHIO
Vic Donahey, Democrat.
PENNSYLVANIA
Joseph F. Guffey, Democrat.
RHODE ISLAND
Peter G. Gerry, Democrat.
TENNESSEE
Cor unexpired term ding
January 3, 1880
Nathan L. Bachman, Democrat.
(For full term beginning January
3, 1880
Kenneth Mcclellan, Democrat.
TEXAS
Tom Connally, Democrat.
UTAH
William H. King, Democrat.
VERMONT
Warren r. Austin. Republican.
VIRGINIA
Harry Flood Byrd, Democrat.
WASHINGTON
Lewis B. Schwellenbach, Demo.
crat.
WEST VIRGINIA
Rush D. Holt, Democrat.
WISCONSIN
Robert M. La Toilette, jr., Pro,
greSsive.
WYOMING
(For unexpired term ending
January 3, 1880
Joseph C. O'Mahoney, Demo
crat.
For full term beginning Janu.
airy 8, 1880
Joseph C. O'Mahoney, Demo.
crat.
The Washington times., 1934-11-07
Holt Defeats Hatfield
In West Virginia

CHARLESTON, w. Va, Nov. Z
UNS0-Led by 29-year-old Rush
D. Holt, who defeated the veteran
Republican Incumbent. DR.. Henry
D. Hatfield, for election to the
United s tates Senate, the Demo
cratic party of West Virginia reg
istered a landslide victory in yes
terday's balloting. incomplete re-
turns disclosed today.
Holt, pledged heart-and,soul to
the New Deal" Administration,
held nearly a 10000 majority over
Hatfield, bitter critic of the ma
tional administration, in 1904 of
the States 1888 precincts.
Besides Hollis overwhelming
victory, the Democrats also OBJ
tanned the reelection of all of the
States six congressman and
swept an entire Democratic slate of
nominees into office in the State
Senate and the House of Dele.
gates.
West Virginia voters also re-
pealed the States 20-year-old pro-
hibition amendment which had
been the subject Of bitter cam
paign battle between vets and
dryS.
The Washington times., 1934-11-07
HOTELS

NIX. c, ,, e;
5, \ \ !; :! ! !: !.
90 90 3 3 3 90o9a
+ 3 : : : ; . % - ! : . -
Wli1'I',.,>uA\\\'
beckon you TO
NEW YORK
Come see NewYork inits gayest
November mood! With bright
lights blazing. New Broadway
shows. Smart shops. Big time
football games. Colorful crowds.
Glamour! Spend a gala week.
end at the sparkling Hotel New
Yorker. Manhattan's biggest
hotel. fright near by things
you'll want to see and do. You'll
live in the height of modern
luxury. Eat food that's justly ia.
nous. Dance in the sumptuous
new Terrace Restaurant to
Ozzie Nelson's toe.tappy
rhythms. All for prices so low
you'll ask, How in the world
do they do it?" Come!
O2,5Oo rooms, each with tub
and shower bath, servidor, and
running ice water, many for as
little as s. a day single. $3.50
double.
The Washington times., 1934-11-07
"Slaps" His Wife,
Given Fine of SIS

Accusing her husband of sell
ing her mothers wedding ring
for whisky and striking her in
the face when she protested,
Mrs. Elizabeth Cothran. attrac-
tive young mother of three small
children, testified in Police Court
today against her husband,
Claude, 33. of the TOO block
Sixth st. N. w.
The defendant pleaded guilty
to an assault charge, but in
sisted he only slapped" his wife.
She was treated at Casualty Hos.
pital for a possible fracture of
the nose. Judge Hit fined the
husband $25, with the alternative
of spending IS days in Jail.
The Washington times., 1934-11-07
SINCLAIR s FALL
V|CT DRY FOR
HOLLYWOOD
BY QUENTIN REYNOLDS

LOS ANGELES, Nov. 7 QN.SO
Moving picture producers stayed
up late last night. but when the
radio told them that Upton Sin
clair had been defeated by a COM
Portable margin they went to bed
to sleep the first restful night
they have had since the stormy
petrol of California politics re-
ceived the Democratic nomina-
ton.
For weeks they had been scared
stiff and didn't care who knew It..
They had believed that were Mr..
Sinclair elected he would tax
them right out Of existence.
His, to them, radical theories
were specters of doom, and two
weeks ago, when the betting was
about even money on the election,
they took steps to see that Mr..
Merriam was returned to the gov
ernorShip and the old order OF
things remained in status quo.
war CheSC ha1Se0
Each studio announced to its
employees that the only way to
safeguard the industry was to de-
stroy the Sinclair threat. Each en-
ploye and this included writer's,
actors, technical workers, was
taxed one days pay.
The accumulated war chest, one
of the greatest weapons ever used
in American politics, was used to
good effect during the last two
weeks of the campaign.
It is perhaps the first time that
the moving picture industry has
gone as a unit into politics, but
the industry showed a political
ability that Tammany Hall, even
in it's palmy days, never could
boast. Big business all over the
state followed the lead of Califor-
MAS chief industry.
Never a Chance
Mr.. Sinclair never had a
chance from then on. When it
was all over he made radio
speech, the memory of which
will no doubt haunt the dreams
of picture executives for days to
come. He said:
"There are 1000 EPIC clubs
organized in the State. They
will continue their work and
continue their fight against
reactiOnarism. If Governor
Merriam does not carry out
progressive measures, we in
California always have our
power of recall"