davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1934-07-31
Mature S Children
BY LILLIAN cox ATHEY.

books of Numa Pompilius were written
on the bark of the birch.
AS we have so many more birches
in America that are more valuable
as lumber trees, more beautiful for
ornamental purposes, and live q much
longer life, we have great cause to be
grateful that we have been blessed
with several species that supply our
need when birch wood is desired.
There is no use denying the fact
that birch wood is inferior In most
OF the species. The tree produces an
abundance of sap. Were it not for
the tough, durable bark, the evapora-
ton Of the sap, which ferments and
breaks down the wood cells, would
cause the death Of the three much
more quickly.
The cut-leafed white birch grows
about 35 feet high. It has slender
horizontal branches, and tremulouS
foliage, the leaves being from to
inches long and double saw-tooth. In
the Spring, they are dark green above
and lighter shade beneath. In the
Autumn they turn yellow. The fow-
ers appear in April, the male and fe-
male flowers on the same twigs. The
male ones (staminate) form the pre-
ceding Summer. They are either
single or in pairs and on the terminal
branches. The pistillate catkins are
about one-half inch long and pale
green. Both kinds Of flowers appear
before the leaves. The fruit is cylin-
drical, cones about one inch long,
blunt at both ends and dropping. The
nut is oval, and has a pointed wing
for sailing on the breeze, when it is
the proper time to seek new home
for itself.
Evening star., 1934-07-31
Uncle Ray

MO ONE can say for certain where
sails were used first TO let wind
help a boat go through water: but
quite likely Egypt was the mother OF
the invention. We have pictures Of
Egyptian sai1boats which so back at
least 5000 years: and IL may be that
sails were used on the Nile River long
before the artist put them into pic
| lures.
The custom which olden Egyptians
had of making drawings and paintings
| Of objects around them Is OF value to
US as we trace the story of the boat,
We find, for example, that very early
pictures show men with paddles, fac
| ing forward and not toward the stern.
Later artists made views Of men row.
ing with oars, their faces toward the
stern.
That is proof, If we need 1t, that the
paddle came before the oar. We might
have guessed that such was the case,
| but it Is better to know than TO guess.
People in ancient Egypt were in the
custom Of paying their taxes in goods
rather than money. Money-in the
form of golden rings-was in use
among them; but in general they took
cloth, grain, cattle and so on to the
tax collectors, often in boats which
Travelled up and down the Nile.
Some boats were fitted with cabins
| and the cabins were used to keep cat
tie and other livestock from jumping
overheard
The pictures make IL clear that the
first "rudders" If Egyptian boats were
paddles held at the stern by one or
more men.
In one case, nine men-facing for
warfare padding, while two others
are standing at the rear with long
paddles which they are using to steer
the boat.
Another picture displays saiIboat
with three men in the pilot place and
eight men padding. It is quite likely
that, all told, there were 18 paddlers,
since only the near side of the boat
was shown by the artist.
A man serving as a lookout" stood
at the prov of many q vessel and
called out orders to the pilots to turn
right or left.
Still another picture shows sailing
vessel Of goodly size which was en-
ployed for travel on the Red Sea.
Four men are seen working on the
large sail, and Is oarsmen are at work
on the near side, meaning total of
30 oarsmen. Just one pilot Is In view.
but he works huge oar held In place
by q loop or ring at the stern.
Other nations were to go farther
ahead in the art Of the sea, but we
owe thanks to the olden Egyptians for
the great steps which they took to
conquer the waters.
(For History section OF your scrap
book
Seven Wonders Of the Worldl Do
you know what they are? Would you
like to know more about them? If so,
write to Uncle Ray to ask for his
Seven Wonders" leafiet, and inclose
SC stamped envelope addressed to
yourself. UNCLE RAY.
Evening star., 1934-07-31
Little Benny
BY LEE PAPE.

ia AkEL Il hA
DOp was smoking and thinking in
his private chair and ma said,
What dress do you want me to wear
to the affair tomorrow mite, Willyum?
Wear that blue number with the
lace gadgets and the white stripes,
pop said, and ma said. Well Of all
things, well my goodness for mersey
sakes.
No doubt, but you asked me civil
question and I gave you civil anser,
pop said, and ma said, You gave me
an anser without rime or reason, born
and bred in the clouds and absolutely
ridiculous, that's what you gave me.
Gollies, did I give you all that, big
harted Bill, that's me all over, pop
said, and ma said, Do you realize I
haven't worn, seen or heard of that
dress for years? That shows the
extent of your intrist in my wardrobe,
she said.
Not at all, 1t shows the extent Of my
enthusiasm for q perfeck gown, allow
me to congratulate you again, pop
said. In my humble opinion you
couldn't do better than to get yourself
another one exactly like It for tomor-
row mite, he said, and ma said, Will
lum, really, I mean really, sometimes
you pass the bounds Of possibility. Do
you want me to look like a forgotten
relic from the ark2 I think I'll wear
my brown satin. she said.
was about to suggest the brown
satin, pop said, and ma said, But
still I don't think it has quite the air,
quite the chick of my f1owered Frentch
print.
was just on the point of suggesting
the Frentch print, pop said, and ma
said, Well I'm glad to hear it. Willyum,
because I wouldn't want to wear any,
thing you don't think is just rite,
thanks for the suggestion, Willyum.
Not at all. call on me any time,
personly, I've got half mind to be
little daring and wear my dress
shoes and my dinner jacket.
Being all he's got besides his regular
clothes.
Evening star., 1934-07-31
Who Are You?
The Romance of Your Name
BIZ RUBY HASKINs ELLIS.

whom the coat-of arms Is accredited,
are, perhaps, the first known repre-
sentatives OF the name in Virginia,
and little Is known of their ancestry
prior to their history there. They
were the first church wardenS in St.
Marks parish. chosen by the first YES
try IN 1871. In q record dated 1T52
We find that Robert is styled Col. Rob
ert Slaughter, having served in a cam
paign against the Indians
The family in Virginia scattered
into other States, some Of them going
to Kentucky. where they settled in
jefferson County before the Revolu-
ton. There were many soldiers in the
/ Virginia troops during the struggle
for independence who bore the name
Of Slaughter. Col. James, third in
descent from Col Robert. commanded
a regiment In 1776. His brother. Law
renee. was lieutenant under George
I Rogers Clark and was killed In the
/ battle Of Point Pleasant. Another
brother, George Slaughter. raised one
Of the first companies Of Minute Men
/ in Culpeper County, Va AT the close
! of the war he. too. moved to Ken
/ lucky with George Rogers Clark and
/ commanded q fort ct the Fails Of the
Ohio. He was one Of the founders of
the city Of Louisville.
(copyrtEht. 1e34O
Evening star., 1934-07-31

Id JED THUMPER, the gray
old Rabbit. who was trying
I to drive wigglenose. the son
~ OF Peter Rabbit, away from
the Old Pasture was peeved.
He was very much out Of sorts. He
had driven young Rabbits out Of the
Old Pasture before and he hadn't ex-
pected any real trouble in doing 1t
again. But Wigglenose persisted In
staying and only once had he sue
ceeded in catching the young upstart,
as he called him. Ever since then
Wigglenose had been smart enough to
keep out OF his way. This made Old
jed only the more determined. SO he
spent q great deal Of time over where
wigglenose was living, hiding now
here and now there, in the hope OF
surprising Wigglenoee.
This particular time he had sat for
long time in Wigglenose's home
bramble-tangle. He had sat and sat
and sat. but Wigglenose did not re-
turn. Then he had made the round
Of all the young Rabbits fsvorite
places without once finding even q
fresh scent. He began 10 wonder,
Either wigglenose had found a new
hiding place and was lying low. or he
had gone away. All the time the lat
ter was, as you know, over In Old
Jeds own part Of the Old Pasture.
Old Jed didn't suspect that. No, sir
no thought of such a thing entered
his head. II 1t had he wouldn't have
believed that Wigglenose would dare
do such thing.
"I would like TO believe that at last
I have driven the young scamp out,
but somehow / have q feeling that he
is around somewhere" grumbled Old
Jed Thumper as he made his way
home. He must have discovered me
and hidden. But I'll catch him yet
and when I do-well. he'll wish he
had gone when first warned him"
He chewed angrily on nothing as
he hoped along on his way home to
his favorite bramble-tangle, and,
without suspecting such q thing,
passed very near where Wigglenose
was hiding under some ferns. Wig
glenose watched him and down inside
chuckled, for he could see just how
upset and out of sorts Old Jed was.
The latter kept right on and into his
bramble- For a while he sat
there chewing on nothing. Then he
hoped toward his rubbing tree,
smelled Of it and few into q rage.
Wigglenose knew why. He knew that
Old Jed had smelled him and now
knew that he had been there,
Old Jed Thumper lived up to his
name. He thumped angrily. How he
did thumpl Wigglenose chuckled
down inside again. He knew Just
what those angry thumps meant.
They were warning to him, should
he be within hearing. Then Old Jed
hurriedly searched all through that
big bramble-tangle and, failing to
find Wigglenose, became even more
angry, II that were possible. Once in
Evening star., 1934-07-31
Pork Chops With Apple.

Cut four one-inch thick double
pork chops through the middle to
form pocket. Season the inside and
outside and I'LL the pocket with sliced
apples and fasten with toothpicks.
Add one tablespoonful of water to
one egg and beat it slightly. Roll
the chops in the egg, then in bread
crumbs, and repeat. Brown on both
sides in hot fat In frying pan. Add
one cupful of water. Finish cooking
in q moderate oven for about IS min
utes. If the chops become dry dur
ing the cooking, add little more
water. Half slice of pineapple may
be used in place of apple If preferred.
Garnish with apple rings or a fried
pineapple. A piece of the fruit may
be placed on top Of each chop a short
time before the cooking is completed.
Evening star., 1934-07-31
1t Started
BY JEAN NEWTON.
"E Pluribus Unum. y

WHAT is the meaning Of the ex-
w preston Z Pluibus Unum' and
why and how did 1t come TO be the
motto of the United States2" we are
asked.
'E Pluribus Unum" means literally
"out Of many one"
The phrase, which Is from Virgil's
poem, "Moretum," was adopted as the
motto OF the United States by Frank
lin, Jefferson and Adams on August
10. 1776.
Those three stalwarts had been
designated to choose q design for the
seal Of our country.
After a great deal OF thought and
after giving consideration to countless
suggestions. 'E Pluribus Unum" was
selected as being just right to describe
the newly formed government as a
union of many States.
tCopyright. l93l.l
Evening star., 1934-07-31
Masculine Lines Marx New Lounging Robes
Give Decided Air Of Comfort
and Luxury. With Classic.
Standardized Style.
BIZ BARBARA BELL

-HE smart msnniah lines that
give 90 decided an air OF com
fort and luxury TO the robes
a. men wear when they idle are
features that are being adopted
10 give feeling Of sustenAnee TO our
practical, everyday rooes for the
coming season. In the long run moth
ing In smarter or more becoming than
. classic, standardized garment that
In capable OF imparting dignity 10
situations where none exists.
The obiiging robe shown In the
sketch 10 In high favor among women
who revei In the Artistic freedom that
nannish clothes allow. II Ia available
either in pre-shrunken flannel or in
broadcloth. Those with penchant
for English fashions VIII select. in
stead, . broken check. in such combi-
nations as brown and cream, black
and wine. royal and black or any other
combination OF colors that suggests
the hardy hues Of the British woods.
For tighter weight robes, there are
fascinating, synthetic crepes and sub
atantial cottcna that viii prove wear
able and appear as perfectly tailored
assthe more commonly used woolen.
This particular model features a
strong contrasting color in the facings,
cuffs and sash. II the use Of one plain
fabric Is preferred, there Is a modish
trend toward cord trimmings that give
the effect of narrow bindings. Vivid
colors are chosen and sewed by hand
10 the outline edges The results are
custom made, 10 say the least. and the
appearance unusual and expensive in
spite of the trif1ing outlay required
for the cord. Sashes are used almost
exclusively now. instead Of the cine
ture cords which were once so popu-
lar. but which seem now to be rele-
gated TO bath robe use only.
Barbara Hell pattern No. 1898 is
designed in sizes II TO 20. Size le re-
quires 2A yards Of 54-inch material,
~ yards Of 54-inch contrast.
Evening star., 1934-07-31

THERE appears to be very little
authentic information as to the
exact origin of the name Slaughter.
There are many small parishes OF
tlsis name in England. particularly In
Gloucester County.
We and the name Of Slaughter in
deeds and records OF the Virginia set
Element as far back as 1885. when
John Slaughter took out a patent for
hand.
Robert and Francis Slaughter, TO
Evening star., 1934-07-31

her for many things and she grows in
forests. In the northern part of
Europe, the principal wood used in the
homes and smelling plants is the
birch. AS charcoal it Is used exten-
Sively in Europe.
Houses are built of the birch, f,irni-
ture throughout the house is often of
this wood, and even the shingles are
made OF slabs of the birch bark. This
is Tot all. The soft, inner bark is
stripped from the trunk Of the tree
and ground into fine powder. 1t is
then mixed with meal in making their
bread Birch mead and wine are made
from the sap. which is very abundant
In the Spring.
In Russia, where wooden shoes are
sttll worn, birch is used, and even
their spoons are made of the same
wood. In Lapland, when the food is
30 scarce for the bird residents, they
ind the wee seeds most acceptable
The beautiful white ptarmigan de-
pends upon this tree mother 10 de-
veiop enough seed children to spare
q liberal amount to her.
A cut-leafed birch. II Topped of by
the wind or an ak. sends up suckers Sc
thick that they are cut OF and bound
into brooms. The bark yields tannin
which is always in steady demand. and
there is q yellow dye and oil, made OF
the tannin, used 10 give Russian
leather its characteristic color and
fragrance.
When the Swedish farmer decides
Il is time to get his ground ready to
low his barley. he waits until the
leaves OF this birch begin TO open.
When powdered wigs we're so much
IN fashion. the white birch was ground
into o powder to be used for the
proud wsarer Of the snowy wigs. The
Inner bark of the tree is stripped and
made into paper and often rolled into
sheets to be used as wrapper. If you
have read Plutarch. you will re-
member that he claimed the famous
Evening star., 1934-07-31
Procedure When Doubled at a
Low Contract.

AVW 0OAsA0~sf
w xHEN you find yourself the
j declarer at a contract OF
NI one or two, and you are
v also so unfortunate as to
be doubled, you may as
sumo the following:
Cd The opponents believe that they
can set you more than the value OF
possible game.
Or (2) the opponents hold o mis-
fit O. i wish to get what they can out
of the wreck.
Premise No. 2 is by far the more
common Naturally If the dounler
holds four of his partners bid sult
he is not at all certain that the
double will stand up. Even II his OUT
side strength is such as to make
set a practical certainty, he is usually
unwilling to sacrifice a sure game for
a set of one or two tricks.
A beginner at bridge is often in
clined to hog the lead. He lays down
his aces and kings rapidly and finally
comes to the realization that he has
to lose the last five tricks Where
of aSperity: Why didn't you set up
the heart suit before you let go Of the
ace of spades?" AS he becomes
trifie advanced he learns to give up
his losing tricks in one suit while he
still holds control Of the others.
Having had that lesson dinned into
our heads, 1t is hard for most of us
to realize that we must return to the
kindergarten stage when we are play
ing a hand at low-suit contract,
doubled. Take your high-card tricks
as rapidly as possible. before the OPP
ponents start discarding. Otherwise
your aces will surely be trumped.
South dealt and passed, West
passed, North bid one diamond and
East made bad, vulnerable overcall
Evening star., 1934-07-31
Dorothy Dix Says
What Must a Girl Do to Make Herself
an Al Secretary? - Smile More
Important Than Teeth.

~ EAR MISS Dx- a young attractive girl Of al have
as secretary a very job employer spen-
H. did business man and naturally % w Tsn t 70 dG @ s .ns n. @
secretary and what should her attitude Se A. the
Answer: The advice that Thomas
States regard conduct with foreign powers an equally good
for girl to 1--we BY In In an o I Essdsng Ten with s all & sn
but not ELUSIVE prudent not pude Be to talk TO- but
not chaebox Keep your relationship with all and sundy on
strictly formal business basis
OF COURSE there employers who consider peng and
nks p Ss Ua s s BAD us to draW Of these
job and leave Not many men are OF TINS
not mix their work and love-
making
Hence his secretary assume an I'M
biz like who always putting flowers
who introduces the pnea motif into their IRE relation @
a pretty young woman instead of an ONCE necessity
DE PROMPT There nothing gets employers
stroll in five or ten minutes @ ,ntS an6 tn d
the cupd bow her mouth Take an interest your
into it. Try TO hnd out what Il . all about about
~1hsav your time and
Don't tell ONCE secrets your employers affairs
with not your own family 1t IN the S rs
have valuable reputation the commercial ss
than shtpped Dress WELL but not too we'll Wear
becoming clothes, but appropriate ones
DEAR MISS Dx-other lived happily together for
years. in love than when they married
m 90od do @ and m @ everything that ann
my mother Dad short fat jolly always good humor ana
peaance Mother shirt and hen
to shave m & aod a na w0 nd %hen he smiles
do to wake him and let him know
how We feel about t' DAWN
when have w nos Sher S s ou than tooth
you dad how feel about have no doubt that he
child YOU grateful always smiles matter
II does show yellow teeth when he does So DOROTHY DIX
Evening star., 1934-07-31
Fruited Iced Tea.

Two tablespoons tea. eight cups
boiling water, three tablespoons lem
on juice. three tablespoons pineapple
juice, one-half cup orange juice,
crushed ice.
Pour water over tea. Let stand five
minutes. Strain, cool and add fruit
juices. Pour in glasses one-hah filled
with chopped ice.
Dilute with iced water il too strong
and sweeten to taste.
Evening star., 1934-07-31
MY Neighbor Says:

Fresh tea stains are removed
by pouring boiling water over
them. Tea strains Of long
standing should first be soaked
in glycerin, then washed in cold
water.
Sandpapering baby's shoes be-
fore they are worn prevents slip
ping and saves many a fall.
Mustard and horseradish,
mixed, make an excellent relish
for cold meats. Mix che mustard
and add to it an equal quantity
of grated horseradish, which has
been boiled 10 minutes. Thin
the mixture with a little of the
water in which the horseradish
was boiled.
To fry bacon, cut long strips
in halves, place in frying pan
while cold, set over 1ire, and turn
constantly until crisp.
Copyright. 1o34)
Evening star., 1934-07-31
Conquering Contract
BY r. HAL SIMS.

Of the ace and another diamond. He
then proceeded to ruff diamond in
dummy, South discarding q heart.
North hoped up on the lead of q
small club from dummy, played the
ace of trumps and another diamond,
on which South discarded his second
heart. East ruffed the last diamond
with the eight of spades, South over
ruled and laid down the king OF
hearts. The ace won the trick In
dummy, but a heart return was
trumped and South eventually made
his queen of spades.
Before trying to ruff a diamond or
do anything else with the hand, East
must take the heart finesse. South
covers the queen with the king. East
now runs three heart tricks and then
trumps a diamond In dummy. That
gives him grand total of nve tricks
and, with his holding, he must get
two spade tricks.
Moral; When you can't draw
trumps. take your taking tricks while
the taking is good.
copyright. 1934)
Mr. Sims will answer all inquiries on
contract that are addressed to this news
paper with self-addressed stamped en-
Evening star., 1934-07-31
Huckleberry Slump.

Wash and prepare a quart or more
OF berries. Add sugar. to sweeten.
Heat until softened. Into this hot
sauce drop dumplings made of bak-
ing powder biscuit dough. Cook un-
til the dumplings are done. They
will puff up in the sauce. Serve with
more sauce poured over the dumplings
and cream or whipped cream.
Evening star., 1934-07-31
Vegetable Melanee.

Cook separately and dice two beets,
two carrots and two turnips. Mix
lightly and add one cupful Of cooked
lima beans or peas. Dress with two
tablespoonflls Of butter blended with
one tablespoonful of lemon Juice and
one teaspoonful OF chopped parsley
and salt and pepper 10 taste.
Evening star., 1934-07-31

Mr.. Sims is universally acclaimed the
greatest huing contract and auction
player. He sDds captain OF the renowned
-Four Horsenen" team, rotU disbGnded,
and has Don "a national champion
ships since 1924 These articles gre
based on the Sims system, which
includes the one-oUer-one principle,
phich the Sims group Of players tods
the first to employ and develop.
Evening star., 1934-07-31
Bedtime Stories
BY THORNTON W. BURGESS.

q while he would find Just q wee bit
OF scent and he would thump with
rage each time. But the scent was
too old for him TO follow. He came
outside and looked around. but he
couldn't find the trail and soon gave
gave up looking He went back 20 his
favorite form and sulked.
"Tn just stick around" decided
wigglenose. I'm stick around and
find out all I can about his habits.
Old fellows like him must have regu-
lar habits. III find out where he
spends most of his time, his favorite
eating places and when he usually
Evening star., 1934-07-31
Cut Leafed White Birch.

Betula Alba.
T%HIs is the European birch that
we are fond Of planting in our
parks and gardens. She is
H. often spoken of as like fair
lady in far country" Her
span OF life is short one for birch
her only fault. Her fairy-hke. cut
leaves make her a most welcome addi-
ton to our native trees, that are
planted near by her as neighbors.
In her own country this tree serves
her people well. They depend upon
Evening star., 1934-07-31


eats. II I can find out these things
1t will be easier to keep out OF his way.
Ill know where he Is likely to be at
any given time and then I'll be some
where else"
Meanwhile Old Jed Thumper was
doing some thinking. THAT young
upstart has actually dared come over
here" thought he. Probably he
didn't know whose bramble-tangle Il
Is until he found my rubbing tree. /
guess he got out in a hurry then and
he isn't likely to come back. He
hasn't much sense. but lie probably
has enough for that. He must have
come over here while I was at his
place. l won't bother him for q
while. I'll leave him alone until he
forgets about me. That is, unless he
shows up here again. The impudence
Of himl"
(CopyriGht. 1o34l
Evening star., 1934-07-31

Of one spade, which South doubled.
Result: East found himself playing
the hand at one spade, doubled.
After going down one trick. East
admitted that he should have passed
with his hand. South will probably
play the hand at two spades" he said
sagely, "and go down at least one
trick I'm sorry, partner"
"Oh, ] don't mind your overcall,
said his partner. magnanimously, but
why didn't you make the contract
while you were about it?"
East got the favorable opening lead
Evening star., 1934-07-31
Jed Thumper Returns.

We little Euess what others know.
Perhaps 'tis well that it Is 50.
--WiNNleuoKR.
Evening star., 1934-07-31

Mr. Sims will answer all inquiries on
contract that are addressed to this news
paper with self-addressed stamped en-
Velope.