davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1934-08-08
SALE HOUSES.

TAKoMA PARK MD. 331. BALTIMORE
sye.-5s6,75o; 81 900 cash, balance, terms.
concealed radiation. eiec. refrie., tiled
porch and bath. 2-car garage; lot 50x140.
r s. PAPOT. builder
FRAME BUNGALOW, 3054 VISTA PL
monthly. OWNER, coiGmbia 1878, l~--0e
NEARBY MARYLAND = ATTRACTIVE
single bungalow; rooms and bath. ami;
Sr Prioe eof8 s625o S Potomsc nser ssss @ ana cars
9 ROOMS. BATH. Two-CAR GARAGE.
completely renovated; house about z years
payment. Mr.. THADEN. cL $40
G9FUhPIA GF N RaooaEE aE5aRT HouggEa gE Sao3s 19oD
one and half bath full basement. semi
detached hot-water heat; near two car
lines, stores and churches, House equipped
balance easy terms. Call Mr.. WALTERS
DI 3346.
10 RMS. . BATHS; EXCELLENT ROOM
ing; nr: l6th and M; Plesssnt; extra S1s :
Move right In. Consider small trades.
once: reduced from 10000 to s6.e5o.
8 LARGE rooms bath, hot-water neat, elec
light. garage; immediate possession open
APARTMENT BUNGALOWS-S2,950 TO
S4 45o 4445 Alabama ave. and 1l39
room 13ihx1sis, modern electric kitchen
and dinette bath with shower: also 2-bed-
loom houses. Terms. Open until pm.
Phone Atlantic 1919,
WONDERFCI, BUY-NEAR SHERMAN
CIRCLE AND MCFARLAND HIGH SCHOOL.
SR,250.
A semi-detached brick home OF rooms.
. BATHS lone bath on lst foor); mod
ern improvements: lot 27x1I5 with ga
rage. This is positively cheap home.
CALL BOSS g. PHELPS. NATIONAL 9300.
GRAY ROCK
$500 Tilden st. NV.
This famous estate is open for inspec-
tion daily. Over an acre OF oeautiful
Handicapped grounds. The fine old home
Evening star., 1934-08-08
ESTATE
RENT-SuBuRRAN.

LYON PARK VA.-s LARGE ROOMS. .
baths h-wh automatic water heater
ami: buses: 20 min. to city 1Oc fare
Phone Clarendon 2505. 8"
5-RooM HOUSE. SIS PER MO. ALSO g.
room house. ami, large lot. trees, S35
per mo. Mrs, T. B. VAN EVERY. S15 Clar-
endon ave. Clarendon, Va. Phone Clar-
endon 1887. =
Evening star., 1934-08-08

GOOD INCOME WITH SAFETY.
Brick one-story store in good business
section northwest. Leased to good tenants
for three years at $50 per month Owner
leaving the city win sacrifice for $4,000.
SHANNON & LuCHS Co.
1905 II ST NV. MA. 2345.
Evening star., 1934-08-08

APARTMENTs-FUR. AND UNFUR.
2i24 p Rr Nw--a AND 4 ROOM APIS .
q. r refrlKsrass0ns Ysry reasonable price.
LARGE CORNER. EXP, 4 r a.,
near Capitol Senate: ami; sober en1pL
adults Lincoln 345e.
Evening star., 1934-08-08
NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS..

The above properties are modern and In
excellent condition. One has a chicken
house 20x60 feet. High elevation. Just
over D. c. line. in Boulevard Heights Out
To inspect, phone and make an appoint
ment Must have at least $500 cash pay
wAPLE e. JAMES. INC.
1925 14th St NV. DI. 334S.
Evening star., 1934-08-08
SUMMER RATES.
COOL MODERN APTS.

COOL MODERN APTS.
/ r.. $50: l r. K, s35: 2 p X $50.
Resufffnl bldg. 24-hr. elevator. switch
board service: refrigeration on house cur
rent, can be fufn.. $40 extra. TOURAINk.
1880 r e. b.w. Phone Po 1900.
OVERLOOK ROCK CREEK.
3 r. $40; 4 r.. S55: s r.. so.
Modern nreproof bldg 24-hour elevator.
secFemfial phone service refriReration.
mirror doors. Can be had fuIn. at silght
extra charge Phone PO bOS3
Evening star., 1934-08-08
WONDERFUL BUY-NEAR SHERMAN
CIRCLE AND MCFARLAND HIGH SCHOOL.

A Semi-detached brick home OF Z rooms.
. BATHS lone bath. on lst floor mod
ern improvements; lot 27xll5 with ga
CALL BOSS & PHELPS. NATIONAL 930O.
Evening star., 1934-08-08
THos. ). OWEN SON. AUcrToNEERs.

SALE OF VALUABLE M
PROVED REAL ESTATE. CONSIST
ING or THREE STORY AND
BASEMENT BRICK BUILDING, OC-
CUPIED FOR BUSINESS AND DWELL
ING PURPOSES KNOWN AS PREM
Uses II37 SEVENTH STREET
Evening star., 1934-08-08

SPEIIAL NV. M ] :, so.
COOL SLEEPING PORCH.
3-RM. APT. $50; 5-RM.. SOS.
Modern apt BLDG. near 18th and PARK
I'd. bright exposure, large rooms and clos
cts. dne nttinEs refrtReration: handy to
school stores, theaterE Neatly furn. at
small extra charge. Phone AID. 557e,
COOL DOWNTOWN APTS.
| RM., X, $35; 2 r., K, $40.
Modern eiev bIds marble bath. spa
cious closets. furnished AZ small charge-
BLAIR, 1921 NJ sc. nv Phone MA. 54JI /.
Evening star., 1934-08-08
GEORGE M. EMMERICH.
MELVIN P. BERGMAN.
- n q N-.trrfan,

fvgT,3I -au3 b.b IruSteeH.
ADAM A wEscHLER SON. Auctioneers
Evening star., 1934-08-08

tcontinusa on Next PaEs.S
Evening star., 1934-07-01

case In point. These amendments
were declared to be merely clarifying.
while in effect they gave the Secre-
tary of Agriculture an absolute die
tatorship over every food producer.
food distributor and food manufac-
turer in America.
If these amendments had been
adopted the Secretary would have
been the supreme cZar. with power
to say who should live and who
should die. Happily for the country.
I think, the amendments were de-
feated, although desperate efforts were
made to secure their passage. The
attempt, I am told, will be renewed
at the next session.
The use Of the power to regulate
interstate commerce so as to regi-
ment the people Of America to me
has the most dangerous possibilities.
In the confederation Of States as first
conceived in the minds of the found
ers of our Government We were to
have free commerce between States,
providing that those things transport
ed from one State to another did not
harm those receiving them. Yet in
the proposed amendments to the agri-
cultural adjustment act offered as an
administration measure, the United
State district courts were required
to enjoin and prevent shipments of
foods to interstate commerce provid-
ing the shipper did not have a license
from the Secretary of Agriculture.
The justice or injustice of awarding
or denying license by the Secretary
was not renewable by the courts, be-
cause If such license were issued or
refused on the broad theory that the
rehabilitation Of agriculture thereby
would be promoted. the decision of
the Secretary was final. Therefore.
in this instance the effort was made
to use the power to control ship
ments in interstate commerce Of foods
which If wholesome are not only not
harmful but essential to our existence.
Evening star., 1934-07-01
Japan Speeds Modernization
To Overtake Western Nations

The amount of government loans
issued during the last year, exclud-
ing treasury bills and rice purchase
notes, totaled 1896, 100000 yen,
against repayments of 100000 yen,
resulting in a net increase of 1,273,-
100000 yen in the national debt.
According to the governor OF the
Bank of Japan, the government in
the prosecution of its current flnan-
cial program will continue to issue
large amounts of loans and bonds
during this current year.
The story of Japan's public finan-
volving as they do series of general
accounts and more than 80 special ac-
counts. But the general principle
appears to be that more bonds must
frequently be issued to take care of
the interest of huge outlays of bonds
already in existence and always in
creaSing.
The end Is not in sight and can
hardly be until something is done to
eradicate a peculiarly virulent form
Of war phobia from which the public
is suffering. And yet, the springs of
liberalism are not entirely dried up.
Slowly at first, but with gathering
momentum, comes the desire to i'm
prove relations abroad. First with
the United States. There can be no
doubt of the sincerity of this effort.
That 1t is coming somewhat be-
latedly Is due In part to the military
who have been using the war bogey
to gain the lions share of national
revenue that national defenses might
not be impaired. Having seen the
budget through, this class is now will
ing to be muzzled for foreign con-
sumption. The race is now on to see
If the forces of common sense and
liberalism cannot intrench themselves
before the next demand from the
military becomes too insistent.
If Japan is to live in peace with its
neighbors and be a good neighbor"
in the Pacific. the race had better
finish when this desirable goal shall
have been reached.
(copyrisht. 1e34.)'
Evening star., 1934-07-01

whether we should continue toward
further regimentation of our people in
their daily activities-whether the
average American is to be permitted
to conduct his legitimate business
operations without fear of criminal
prosecution by his Government or
harsh and threatening treatment from
autocratic bureau heads.
BY this I do not mean that evils
which have existed heretofore should
not be eradicated, but it is the prin-
ciple Of continued extension of regu-
latory powers over every business ac-
tivity to which I desire to register my
protest.
speak as Democrat who has 10y
ally supported the President in much
of the emergency legislation he has
found necessary to meet the crisis.
speak as a friend who is a Democrat
second only to being an American. As
one who has had the opportunity to
sit in the United States Senate since
March 4, 1888, cannot fail to be i'm
pressed with the danger of the con-
tinuance and extension of measures
whereby bureau chiefs step by step
are obtaining new power to control
the daily activities of the people
The Democratic platform at Chi
cago guaranteed the preservation of
individual freedom to the American
people. Specifically, one plank in the
platform said: "The removal of gov
ernment from all fields of private en-
terprise except where necessary to de-
velop public works and natural re-
sources in the common interest"
Absorption Of Power.
1t is in the nature of bureaucrats
to absorb power very much as a
sponge absorbs alcohol. The possess
sion of power Is constant tempta-
tion to use 1t and attempt to increase
it. Amendments to the agricultural
adjustment act introduced at the re-
quest of Secretary Wallace provide q
Evening star., 1934-07-01

TOXIC, Japan-Somebody has
started these people eff on some furi-
GUS race and has forgotten to tell
them where the finish line is. They
are still racing, and you wonder If
they know where they are headed.
Speed dominates Toxic, this capi-
tai city of the last of the great pow
ers to become westernized. Street cars,
taxis, bicycles, trains dash along at
breakneck pace. There is enough pep
here to turn all the wheels of indus
try without resorting to any other
Kind of fuel or motive power
China, that other great Asiatic peo-
pie, just across the narrow Yellow
Sea. is a slothful giant drugged and
stepped in the memories of the past
and there is little comparison between
these two nations.
The Chinese is a quiet philosopher,
who prefers to let others work for him,
dirty their hands. perspire; the jap
anese are industrialized and the pat
tern of their lives is more western
lied than the West. Tremendous
hustle, tremendous activity, tremen-
dous vitality.
The streets are clean, the boule-
wards are wide, the people using them
are pleasant, courteous, but still they
give the impression of haste without
much prospect of achievement.
In the heart of the diplomatic Sec
ton and almost under the shadow Of
the imperial palace walls is the Diet.
Special police are strung across all
the approaching streets, auto traffic is
diverted, for there is always the pros
pect that some high-strung young
patriot may hurl bomb or pull a
gun on some prominent cabinet min
lister or parliamentarian. 1t has been
done and the government wants no
repetition.
Amid scenes Of much heated talk
the Diet has just passed the annual
budget of 2.112,133, ,482 yen, of which
more than A per cent goes for the
military. This is one of the evi-
dences of the top speed at which this
race is being run.
Evening star., 1934-07-01

time to study the case, and in the
heyday of the emergency no one else
can be trusted. The outs are suspect
ed of being more eager to kill the ms
than to cure the country, and the ins
always want to prove that under their
care the country Is on the way to
health. Only an earthquake brings in
the intellectuals, and they don't stay
long.
Thinking Compulsory.
Most men think only If they have
to, and as soon as the compulsion Is
removed they return to what they
call practical living. Some ideas each
one of us has, but only as we possess
an assortment of hats and coats and
photographs, of our relatives. We are
fond of our ideas through long as
sociation, but this love involves no
use of the mind.
When we think under compulsion
1t is natural to think partially, with
selfish reference to our immediate
needs. Few men have the disposition
or the training to study life and its
problems from q point Of view to any
degree impersonal and objective. The
professional scholars, and rarely any
one else. will study the disease and
prepare the cure, even before the
sickness has reached their particular
family. They, as understand it, lead
the intellectual life, and sometimes
they are justly accused of avoiding
tht normal conflict and dust Of ex-
perience, except in so far as they use
it for the subject matter of their re-
searches. This retirement Of the
scholar from much that is inme-
diately practical is dictated less by q
fear Of living than by his wish to be
impartial. Z
When q crisis comes upon US, there
fore, We turn to- the tntellectuals.
Evening star., 1934-07-01
-Harris-Ewing Photo.

the assertion Of his rights invaded
the equal privilege of his neighbor to
enjoy those same rights himself.
The best way to preserve the rights
of the individual was to limit the
government that came closest to the
individual to the locality in which
he lived. So Jefferson believed in
local self-government and in the
rights of the States, and in q ma
tional government that interfered
with the individual initiative and
individual liberty as little as possible
Spirit Of Jefferson.
While Jefferson's ideals Of govern
ment would, Of course. have to be
somewhat modified to meet the con-
ditions existing today. the living spirit
Of his teaching entered and quickened
the minds of Americans. The Amer
ican mother of the humblest baby
had reason for her faith that her son
might become President of the
Nation. We justified our proud in
sistence that the door of opportunity
to place and power stood wide open
to the boy of the humblest birth and
the fewest dollars. Not only in in
dustry but in the professions it was
the rule rather than the exception
to find that men at the top have
suffered the severe but salutary
discipline of a youth of hard work
and real want. Our men at the top
were quick TO promote ability and to
reward the humblest citizen who came
out Of the unknown to climb gradu-
ally into prominence.
am one of the old d-fashioned Demo-
crass who believe that young people
have the best chance of success and
happiness in America when they enjoy
the largest measure OF individual free
dom. am one of the ancient faith
that men build character and develop
ability by learning to save, developing
reliance upon themselves rather than
Continued on Sixth Page.)
Evening star., 1934-07-01

A similar licensing provision was in
cluded in the national recovery act.
I mention this merely as one of the
dangerous tendencies to destroy the
liberties Of the American people and
eventually to bring about an auto
cratic form of bureau government
which will 50 circumscribe the people
with regulations that their initiative
and individual liberties will be de-
stroyed.
Government by bureaucracy Is the
most costly government in the world.
1t Is inefficient because 1t Is operated
from Washington by men who have
not the business ability or personal
knowledge possessed by those engaged
in the particular industry which the
bureau controls 1t is costly and
inefficient because the vast activities
of the people of this country cannot
be administered from Washington.
The continuing extension of regu-
latory power over the people of Amer
lea would result not only in the de-
struction of individual effort and
freedom, but in such a terrific cost
of government to be met by taxation
as would be beyond the capacity of
the people to pay. While figures are
not available. I am convinced that
today the expenditures of all govern
ments-local, State and national
are eating up not less than 40 cents
out of every dollar of our national
income. / do not mean that our
taxation Is now so great. but I mean
that deficits, deferred payments and
issues Of bonds, which must ult-
mately be paid. constituting all public
expenditures, amount to not far from
one half the income of our people.
To this terrific cost will be added
the increasing cost OF bureaucracies
in the event that such regulations are
continued further.
Thomas Jefferson had a gift of
saying striking things in a few words.
He told US that the best government
Evening star., 1934-07-01

tries for some time have been
wrestling. In modern business we are
accustomed to form of organization
in which the partners are (a) the
people who furnish capital for the
business, (b) the officers of the COM
pany. who more likely than not are
among those furnishing the capital,
(c) the technical directors and admin
iStrators, and Cd the workers. To
these should be added (e) the buying
public, without whose collaboration
the business cannot function.
In each Of these departments we are
accustomed, in a rough way, to a GER
tain scale of prices-prices for the use
of the capital. prices for the use of
skill and of labor and finally prices
for the goods. If these prices are not
unduly disturbed, we drift along in
approximate peace, and during these
periods of calm you'd have your hands
full to get any division of this system
excited over its possible defects.
Bad or Good Times.
When the thinking does at last be-
gin, it is only under the disturbing
compulsion of bad or of good times,
prosperity being perhaps more dis
turbing than depression. If the COM
pany makes unusual profits, they are
more likely to be distributed to the
furnishers Of capital in extra divi-
dends or to the officers of the COM
pany in bonuses than to the workers
and technical executives in increased
wages or to the public in reduced
prices. Since this is not a thinking
world. the public rarely clamors for
reduced prices, even though it can
read in the newspaper that the COM
pany is paying extra dividends. The
protest might come against higher
prices. But the thinking will prob
ably begin with the workers, if their
wages are not increased with the divi-
dends, and it will certainly begin
with them if the increased dividends
are accompanied by cutting down of
the working force.
If you looked at this problem imper-
sonally, not being involved in it your
self, you might conclude that the one
group who deserves no share in extra
profits is the group which furnishes
the capital. Perhaps their reward
ought to be fixed and constant. If
the business made money, it was be-
cause the public bought more goods
or because the goods were more ef-
flciently manufactured and marketed.
But this advance can hardly be traced
to any unusual value in capital per Sc.
Perhaps capital is far more precious
and deserves higher reward in bad
times than in good.
Branded as Bolshevik.
An impartial student of this age-old
problem might therefore suggest that
all extra profits be distributed to the
workers, the technical directors and
the public, and that capital be content
with one rate of interest at all times.
But the complaints of labor when jobs
are diminished are as nothing COM
Continued on sixth Page.)
Evening star., 1934-07-01
BY JOHN ERSKINE,

Author Of "Bachelor-of Arts" Adam
and Eve" Etc.
w YulL the new deal have any
effect upon the intellectual
wv life of America? I have
been invited to try my
hand at this slippery ques-
ton. I wish I had an explanation
Of what is meant by the new deal and
by the intellectual life.
We seem to be doing more hard
thinking nowadays than formerly was
our habit. On the street corners. in
clubs, smoking rooms, hotel lobbies
and trains, we overhear men arguing
politics and economics. We have be-
come students of government as never
before, perhaps. since the eighteenth
century. The average reader of news
papers has brought his intellectual
life up to point where he can fol-
low Walter Lippmann and like it, and
Will Rogers is praised less for his wit
than for the soundness of his OBJ
servations.
Declared Reults Of Nervousness.
But it's not clear that the new deal
has caused these advances in civili-
zation. I doubt whether the new deal
should get the credit or the blame for
injecting professors into our public
affairs. The new deal and these other
novelties, am forced reluctantly to
believe, are all to an equal degree the
results of a worldwide nervousness.
The apparent renovation of our intel
lectual powers is, I fear. only what
always happens when the average
citizen is badly scared.
BY the new deal I understand the
body OF experiments, whether tenta-
tive or continued, with which our
Government has been fighting the de-
preston. For the purposes of practi-
cal politics the present administration
will take credit for whatever succeeds
and will try to forget the rest; and
the opposition will try to prove that
nothing succeeded, or If prosperity
comes home again, it will be because
not even the new deal could keep
it away.
Failing in Intellect.
From all of which I conclude that
our public men are not yet committed
very deeply to the intellectual life, or
else they hold the cynical conviction
that their constituents have not yet
started to think.
To have read a little history Is not
necessarily to be very Intellectual, but
even a little history would make us
aware that the theories involved In
the new deal are not new, nor are
the problems which those theories
would solve. That accounts for the
professors. When a country is really
sick. politically or economically. it
looks around for those who have
heard of the disease before and can
make up some kind of prescription.
It's not surprising that the doctors
are found among professional scholars
or other idle persons, innocent of pro-
fessional politics. No one else has had
Evening star., 1934-07-01

since they are the only group pre-
pared to analyZe it. But even while
We are asking help we distrust them
and at the earliest opportunity send
them back to their study. even when
We must admit that their wisdom is
sound and their cures are effective.
We are annoyed by our dependence
upon men who are less familiar than
we are with the details of our busi-
ness.
If you listen to the general talk
which goes on in smoking cars or in
clubs, though your first impression
may be that the depression and the
new deal have stimulated our intel
lectual life, your second judgment may
note that most of the debate is merely
an emotional repetition of old formulas,
and that the takers agree or dis
agree, but neither argue nor exchange
ideas. No. one Of them parts with
an old idea nor takes on a new
Rarely does any debater in such
gathering think it worth while to
balk at inconsistencies in himself or
in his companions. II Is quite safe
for you to tell any average group of
men that We ought never to have
departed from the gold standard, and,
In the same breath, that we ought
to take leaf out of Great Britain s
book and practice sound finance. The
chances are small that any one in
the group will remember that Great
Britain has been of the gold standard
for some time. or, If he remembers,
he won't think the matter worth
mentionin-
Gives Illustration.
You can illustrate the unwilling
ness Of most Of US to think. and our
emotional approach to that exercise
Evening star., 1934-07-01

BY HARRY r. BYRD,
United States Senator From Virginia.
MARCH 4, 1888, when Pres
4 ident Roosevelt assumed office,
l serious crisis confronted
~ the American people. The
Government was compelled
to take extraordinary temporary steps
which restricted the liberties that We
naturally possess. Today we are faced
with the issue of whether such meas
ures shall become permanent and
Evening star., 1934-07-01
Liberty or RECOMMENDATION?


is the least government-yet both
political parties have been engaged
since the war between the States in
trying to prove that the best govern
ment is the most government.
Jefferson started with the training
Of the citizen to know and under
stand his rights, and the understand
ing Of all his rights carried with it
an appreciation Of the similar rights
of others. And so he was willing
to give each man all the rights he
could exercise up to the point where