davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Montana labor news., 1934-09-27

no protection to workers, and even
states with the best labor laws have
stopped far short Of establishing ade-
quate safeguards. In the past two
years of the depression the public was
shocked into realizing that the pages
of history had been turned back and,
so far as wages and hours were con-
cerned, the old sweated labor condi-
tons Of thirty years ago had returned
to an alarming extent, Early in 1888
when more than forty per cent Of the
manufacturing -wage-earners of the ma
ton we're jobless, thousands OF those
who were still employed sometimes
worked for ten eleven, or twelve
hours daily, and for weeks that length
ened into sixty, seventy, eve eighty
and more hours. In some plants the
twelve-hour shift came back. Because
they were widely publicized in news
papers and magazines, the garment in
dustries furnished the most glazing ex-
amples Of the breakdown in labor
standards, but many other industries
resorted to long hours and low wages
as they cut labor costs to sell cheaply
enough to meet intense competition.
People with social imagination found
the situation intolerable as they realiz-
ed what these lowered standards meant
in desperate poverty and sickening
fatigue. Business and trade journals
joined with economists in pointing out
that wages paid to workers buy a large
part Of everything made in factories
or raised on farms, and hat if the
millions OF employees in industry and
commerce cannot buy their share Of
what is produced the whole nation suf-
fers. Society is bound together in one
great whole, and if one group endures
unemployment, loss OF buying power,
hunger, and deprivation the whole
economic structure is threatened. 1t
was because OF this aroused public
opinion that minimum wage laws were
passed in seven states early in 1888,
including the great industrial states
of New York and Ohio.
State Laws and NRA Codes
Last February the United States De-
partment of Labor held a conference
OF state labor officials and representa-
tives OF various organizations to dis
cuss state labor laws and new methods
Of cooperation between the Federal
and State labor departments. The
conference approved the Continuance
of the National Industrial Recovery
Act beyond the present term as a per-
manent part of our national economic
structure but it also urged that states
enact labor laws in keeping with pre-
sent needs. These laws include the
safety and health OF workers, work
mems compensation, a forty-hour week
regulation of night work, higher stand
ards for workers between sixteen and
eighteen than for adults. the control
OF industrial home work, and other
subjects. Before the laws Of the forty
eight states can be brought up to meet
these standards, millions of consumer
citizens must throw the weight of their
influence behind this program.
AT this point you will ask, "Why do
we need state laws while we have NRA
codes?' The first answer is that state
laws offer a permanent guaranty for
Montana labor news., 1934-09-27

the future and we are not sure how
long NRA codes will remain. The
second answer is that if NRA is per-
manent, we still need state laws for
several reasons Many of the codes
do not give workers protection in safety
and health conditions, workmen's COM
pensation, unemployment insurance, or
other matters often covered in state
legislation. Even in the regulation of
hours and wages, state minimum wage
boards can in some industries establish
higher standards than the codes have
done, and already this has actually hap
pened in several instances. State laws
can also be a positive aid in securing
compliance with the codes. For ex-
ample, minimum wage laws make it
obligatory to keep true and accurate
payroll records, showing time worked
and wages paid. This is of value in
securing accurate reports to code auth
critics. Some of the codes permit man
ufacturers to send work out to be
done in homes, and usually it is paid
for at rates far below the wages paid
in the factory. By setting up a mini
mum board in industries which use
home work it is possible to establish
the same rates for home and factory
work.
Finally, NRA codes, like state laws,
must rely largely upon public opinion
for securing compliance with their la
Dor provisions. In states that have
done most to protect workers through
their laws, it is most likely that the
same public opinion which produced
the laws will be a real power in sec
uring obedience to the codes.
Montana labor news., 1934-09-27

places Portland, Maine, as first with an increase
of Oh per cent, Manchester second with an in
crease Of 63 per cent, and Butte, the metropolis
OF Montana, third with an increase of @ per cent.
Why is it? 1t surely behooves the housewives
OF this community who have the spending Of
the monies allocated from earnings of workers
for foods to ask this question. Why is it? so
consistently that eventually the real reason will
be found-E. K. D.
Montana labor news., 1934-09-27
One YEAR AGO
in LABOR
SEPTEMBER 2l-27, 1889

WASHINGTON.-(FP) - Roosevelt
moved nearer to the point where the
federal government will become the
industrial banker for the country when
he gave tentative approval to the De
post Guarantee corporation, a pro-
posed scheme for pumping credit into
the hands OF employers and guaran-
teeing deposits.
Will
liam Green OF the American Fedora
ton OF Labor issued a statement ia
voring a boycott by American labor on
German goods.
DETROIT. - (FP) - Several thou
sand Ford workers have been dis
charged to make room for 5000 World
wal veterans whom Ford is hiring
through the American Legion.
LOS ANGELES.-FP)-Upton Sin
clair, famous radical author, was ex-
PEELED from the Socialist party OF
California by the state executive com
mittee after he had announced that he
had registered as a Democrat and that
he would try for the Democrat nomi-
nation for governor.
Montana labor news., 1934-09-27
A YAwN R O pU POINT

Munitions business only | per cent
of Du Pont total; means little to us,
says company official-Heading.
World war yielded $25O,0OO,000 Prof
it for Du Ponts.-Heading.
Montana labor news., 1934-09-27
It's a Great System!


Ellis Chadburn, bigshot New York
lawyer and politician, is suing his wife
for divorce because she's a nudist, an
atheist and a Communist.
She must have read the automobile
ads about trying all three"
Montana labor news., 1934-09-27
STRIKERS

LEA AN0 81 NAhNGN0
Rhode Island national guardsmen
shoot high" they say.
And the workers jump up and get
shot in the back, regularly.
T. T. i
Union League Club OF New York
Hits New Deal.-Heading.
When a man bites a dog, that's
news.
you're all liars" shrieked with
fire. Gen. Johnson, II No. l liar.
The Moro Castle inquiry seems to
be revealing that the men who go
down to the sea in ships" were mem
bers of the crew who escaped in the
lifeboats.
Theme song OF the merchants Of
death, testifying in Washington Of
bullets sold and men bribed OF
ARMS AND MEN SING.
+ 4 i
First in war, first in peace, and
first to cut wages under the NRA,'
might be an apt motto for the U. S.
Steel corporation.
*##
Chicago school teachers have re-
ceived their back pay, at last.
Now Big Bill Thompson will an
nounce a great victory for George
Washington-the British plot against
Chicago has been defeated.
4 \
GOOD GRIEF!
Gen. Hugh johnson said in a recent
speech that his heart weeps for
George Sloan," head Of the Cotton
Textile institute.
Hughie must have taken a Whit of
the teargas that Sloan's pals are using
in defense of private property in the
textile strike.
4 4 =
IT'S A GREAT SYSTEM
Montana labor news., 1934-09-27
UNITED

The Democratic ticket in California
is headed by an ex-Socialist and an
x-Republican.
4 = 4
Mussolini's own newspaper claims
that Roosevelt has failed to achieve
his four fundamental objects.
Judging from what we hear, Benito
hasn't done so we'll, either.
+ + +
The Nazi government has forbidden
the use OF Hitler's picture on cakes OF
soap.
Probably figured there was enough
soft soap around anyway.
Montana labor news., 1934-09-27
Consumers as Citizens

If we look at the nation as a whole
we see that 50 far the citizens of the
forty-eight states have not succeeded
in guaranteeing high standards to wage
earners. Some states provide little or
Montana labor news., 1934-09-27
HOOVERIsMs

Liberty-Not the American liberties
of speech, press, religion, etc, but the
liberty to starve.
Freedom-Freedom to exploit labor
without interference.
Citizen-A man or woman who owns
a large interest in a utility corporation
=
The nations private banking system
is on trial for its life, says James War.
burg, New York finaneier.
The verdict was decided years ago
Mr.. Warburg.
Montana labor news., 1934-09-27

IT'S A GREAT T
Montana labor news., 1934-09-27
SOCIETY NOTE

John L. Lewis new Washington
office is decorated with deep carpets
and richly appointed furniture.
4 =
Do Soviet gold miners, told that
each ounce of their booming produc-
ton buys so per cent more U. S. ma
chinery than it did before F. D. R
signed a certain Sheet OF paper, appre-
ciate F. D. RS efficiency o. laugh at
us for 'capitalistic craziness?"
And, after all 49,.
Montana labor news., 1934-09-27
WHAT DOES YOUR
DOLLAR BUY?
By Frances Perkins

The late Florence Kelley made many
realize their responsibility as consum-
ers to put their consciences into their
shopping dollar. She often described
the wretched conditions under which
women and children in factories and
squalid tenement homes worked on the
many things which were made II fin
ished by hand. She urged her listen
ers to look for clothes which bore the
National Consumers League label, for
it was a guaranty that these clothes
had been made under good conditions
and that their makers had been paid
living wages.
These labels and white lists were ex-
amples of what could be done to impro-
We working conditions. Because they
were based entirly upon the voluntary
action of employers they we're not en-
ough for in times of depression even
the most enlightened employers could
not maintain high standards when their
competitors resorted to long hours and
low wages in order to sell goods as
cheaply as possible. The public had
a further responsibility to support pro-
gressive labor laws.
The idea of minimum wage laws as
a means of guaranteeing living wages
to women and minors - the most eX-
plotted group was born out of this
problem. The struggle to limit hours
of work by law had begun decades
earlier.
Shopping Today
One Of the most pulling questions
to many people is this: How can
tell whether my bargain is made posi-
Bile by wages that mean to workers
cruel and dangerous poverty ?" Never
before have SO many people wanted to
know what their dollars are buying
they want full value in quality and price
and at the same time a return to labor
which will provide decent living stand
ards. Shoppers, however, are rather
helpless in expressing their consciences
through their dollars, for they cannot
tell whether high prices mean high
wages, or whether low prices are &C
hieved by efficient factory manage
ment or by cheating the w%age-earners
of their just reward.
Recently the label has come back
through NRA codes, and shoppers
everywhere ask for the NRA Code
Authority Label in all mems and wo-
mems garments. The label is issued
by each code authority to m%anufactur-
ers that conform with labor provisi-
ons of the code. In those branche:
of the garment industry in which the
great majority of workers are organic
ed in trade unions, the label mean:
fair standards in hours and wages; foi
labor has a share in both making anc
enforcing the codes.
Consumers as Citizens
Tf 40 iooi- "a. A. III. III.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-03-10

MANY football followers Of the opinion that Indiana
university got good break when it lost out on Don
Peden and landed 30 Mcln for the Crimson head football
coach duties McMlin is coorfu figure with brilliant
background in the collegiate sports world he
put the old fight into Hoosier Veteran grid
fans here will recall when Bo played in Indianapolis with
the Centre college eleven and rounced De Paw old Wash
ngton park The Kenuckans had wonder eleven and they
knew plenty of football
The Centre salwarts learned the game from all angles
and the back field often played in the line and the for
wards shifted to the back field They versatile
and it is evident Bo Mcn goes for that kind of coach
ing If know anything about that 1888 Nebraska team
will have to admit 30 had strong eleven at Kansas
State The Cornhuskers beat the Aggies but it only
by to o. and Coach Dana Bibles Nebraska outfit
of the very best machines in the country.
AS a matter of fact, Nebraska tough Stanford
wanted part of Cornhuskers for the Rose Bowl New
Years classic and chose Columbia instead only be licked
anyway Kansas State played tie with Michigan State last
fall and the Wolverine Farmers nobodys pushover
DoN record that
- league doesn't measure in arond class to the Big Six con-
ference IN which kansas state mngeS ONO has an enrolment 81
t At indiana has bee the INABILITY Of the warriors to STAY the peak
Of form for the m More than once it looked as though the
begged down about the middle of the cam
Gophers of top flight rating held to to
hit the toosgan after its splendid showing at Minneapolis and the re-
the washout
DO reputation edge all of the
way He believes IN hustle and Jumps INTO the business OF oacnh ing
follows and likely to pull something spec
ball rolling college grdrons Indiana
sched
NIcNIlns will offset this tua
Indianapolis football will be keen Bo direct
HOLSTERS
WE McNllns that old Centre
w
members Charlie Moran National League
the Payn Colones but most OF
the prayers were said by opponents
"Prayn CooneS
likely despite the fact
He with bunch of big
Indianapolis and dinner
in refreshments
laxative with gestures Pounding on
recall that there
dinner and Charlie Moran suggested it, He
apparently his early travelling the sawdu trail
MNn attended coaching school under
On the field day the coaches
Crowley and he the field
in perfected brilliant
that ball
leather
field SHOW that Bo Rockn requested
and Rockne remarked: Its dandy
with stretched taking IN the
he awkward
the ball from center wigged his hips
ball forward for
astounded the
would something
Whupon Crowley walked to McN1n shook
hands Well both good In 1924
the head coach at Fordham uni
yerstv
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-03-10
Meyers Wins
Feature Bout

Ray CTuffy) Meyers surprised a
thousand wrestling fans in Tomlin-
son hall as he copied the first and
third falls to win from Duke Rup-
penthal, Milwaukee, of the feature
bout on the weekly card staged by
Jimmy McLemore last night
Struggling with a man who OBJ
viously was the Cleverer grappler,
Meyers took the first tumble with a
top body scissors, lost the second
when the Duke lunged through the
ropes in flying tackle, and gained
the third with body pin.
Meyers tactics in winning the
final fall Infatuated the crowd to
near-lynching temper, and fluffy
scampered for the dressing room as
police and f1remen guarded the
doors to prevent trouble. He had
kicked Ruppenthal to knock him out
for the fall.
In the semi-fnal bout Tommy
TaSSos threw Hugh Webb with an
airplane spin in twenty-five minutes.
In the curtain raiser Walter Hick-
man threw Bill Webb in twelve
minutes with a crotch and slam.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-03-10
Take
on Huntington

The dual contest between the
swimming teams Of the Huntinton
Y. NJ. G. A, and the Hoosier Athletic
Club has created quite bit of in
terest in swimmin circles. The meet
is scheduled for toniht in the local
pool.
The Huntington splacshers have a
splendid record this season. In adj
dition to winning the state Y. M.
G. A. championship, they have de-
feated the following teams in dual
meets; Butler university, Indian
apolis Y. M c. A; Dayton, Akron,
Indianapolis Athletic Club. Indiana
university and Fl. Wayne
The only defeat that the Hoosier
Athletic Club team has suffered this
season was at the hands of North
western university, national inter-
collegiate champions.
This contest is expected to be ex-
citing from start to finish. The meet
will begin at 8 o'clock.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-03-10
And Then 1t Showed

d ED KILLEFER, manager
IN of the indianapolis base
ball club, spent yesterday
hugging a radiator and think
ing that perhaps he caused
that snowfall in Indianapolis.
On Thursday. when the sun
was doing its best to make To-
cal sports followers baseball
minded, Killefer became so en-
Unused that he boosted about
an early mild spring.
Will train in Evansville and
save money for other necessi-
ties. Why go TO Florida, Cali
fornia or Texas. with all this
fine weather on tap right here
in Indiana?"
Now Red fears he put the
jinX on the sun. There was a
little shone early yesterday,
but the temperature dropped
and snow returned. Here
after" Red said. I'm going to
let the early robins do the
chirping."
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-03-10
New Britain
Roller Victor
BIZ Tim es Special

BIZ Times Special
NEW BRITAIN, Conn, March 10.
The New Britain Partners won
the American Roller Polo League
championship as the result of an
easy 8to-2 victory over the Proyi-
dence Bears in the nal contest of
the three game playof series here.
After two scorless periods, the
Panthers collected six goals in the
third and added two more in the
final quarter Arthur kid VIII
liams accounted for six Of the Pan
Their goals.
-Four members of the champion
ship club, Peregrin, Lunderyille,
Morrison and Jette, together with
two players from Providence club,
will tour Indiana in few weeks,
meeting the teams of THE Midwest
ern League located in Indianap-
oils, Richmond, Terre Haute and
TT. Wayne in an east-west series
for the championship Of the Unit
ed States.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-03-10

six furlongs! -Hooligan, ILL., xGrand
og b Isl KIN v Ss MONA 6i TT Maze
Along Mons. i iSS' %0nsF0Ass Sal NO. l0is
Second Race ls4oo; claiming; .s-year-olds
x1melda, los; xcordon Blue, los H5;' Bril-.
raP Lass S s5 taSt STANG ds xD P9G
Austeriitz II, lis xCharlie, los; Like
Sweep. ITO; xzaidee. los.
and up; one miie(%xssntand5er, 1o5 Cap Sap9
poquin, ITO. Fawn Leap, 80: Lothario. 113;
Clare Bee; los; octayia, Jos; xsolus, lo5;
ting. 100; Cralet, los; Cameron, ito.
!, Fourth Race Cs4Oo; allowance; 2-yssg-
our Mae. 1917 Brown Hilda, fo7; Ca) Eddie
j.. los; Black Anna, 1O7; "a Imperial
Bob, los; Bet Again, los; Poet Prince, ITO;
Countess Bina. 112; Currants, lis; Sweep
Myth, 1902
a)Odessa and Imperial farms entry
Deroy; swear olds; 11-18 milesI~Morn-
ing Cry, 105 Peedeeque, ITO; Black Pet
er, ITO; Cursor, 113; Pomparagon, 10;
Hickory Lad. 113; Legality, ITO; Hit and
Run, ITO.
Sixth Race t$4oO; claiming: 3-year-olds
and up, one and one-sixteenth niles
xOld Bill, 10; xCloido, ITO; xJust Imagine.
lo5; xRevergerate, 1O5; xMore Power, 107;
xMayco, 100; xDr. Billy. 1877 xSkirl, ITO;
BaggataWay, l13.
Seventh Race $4oo: claiming; 3-year-
old and up; one mile l-xJake Miller SO;
D Igon Care, 100; xGold Tip, 1903; xMary
Iq5; xGoId n, Mint to 1o8; xLazy Mary 1o3:
Belle, 1903; xScreen Idol, 103.
Eighth Race (s400: claiming; 4-year-olds
and up; one and ne-sixteenth miles
XSIndian Boy 1903; Seth's Ballot. 113; Blast.
ia; xMiSs Upset, 100: xBourbon Prince
1 IL XAbe Furst, 1903: XThe Bigamist, 1O3;
Carey, los; xInterior, 1903.
Ninth Race substitute; $500; claiming;
3-year-olds and up: six furlongs Kali
cove, 105; Yaupon, 100 Timon, I'D: Plucky
Girl, l05; xDark Seeker, los; Gorgeous,
l05; Sir Jacob, 1885, Kissie, 100 xTewsenel-
los.
xApprentice allowance claimed
Weather, raining: track fast.
Horses listed in order of post positions
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-03-10
Meet Teams
Are Ready
Ralph MetCaIfe Leads Pack
in C. |. C. Carni-
val.
By [ nited Press

~ CHHed Press
SOUTH BEND, Ind, March TO-
Ralph Metcalfe, peerless Marquette
sprint star, led more than 200 ath-
letes today in an assault on Central
Intercollegiate Conference track
records at the eighth annual indoor
meet of the conference
Metcalfe, who holds or shares ev-
cry sprint record from 40 to 220
yards, will attempt to lower his own
worlds record of 81 seconds in the
Sixty-yard dash. He established that
record at the 1888 c. I. c. meet.
Chief contenders for the cham
pionship were Michigan Normal,
which administered the first defeat
of Notre Dame at the meet in six
years in 1893; Notre Dame, Mar
quette and Pittsburgh.
Other colleges competing were
Michigan State, western State
Teachers, Kalamazoo, Butler, David
son, LOyola of Chicago and Hills
dale. Seven high school teams were
entered in a medley relay. They
were South Bend Central, Misha-
waka, Hammond. Froebel and Hor-
ace Mann of Gary, Mount Carmel
and Tilden Tech of Chicago.
Entered in the two-mile run, the
feature race of the day, were Ray
Sears of Butler, Tom Ottey of Mich
igan State, Billy zepp of Michigan
Normal and Leo McFarlane of
Notre Dame. Sears, Ottey and zepp
have won national distance honors.
Individual stars. in addition to
Metcalfe, entered include Ray
Lowry of Michigan Normal, pole
vaulter; Frank Davis of Hillsdale,
shot put; captain Otto Pongrace of
Michigan State, half miller, and
Vincent Murphy of Notre Dame,
high jumper.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-03-10

Had the fight been slated for
fifteen sessions, he unqueStionably
would have tagged the rugged Chi
cago Kingf1sh with his first knock
out. Levinsky, after his best and
most desperate ew York showing
was a badly beaten man at the
final bell
The judges disagreed. Harold
Bares voting for Levinsky and
Marty Monroe for a draw. Their
xote was thrown out, and referee
Arthur Donovan gave the verdict
to the German.
Many experts figured Levinsky
the winner They thought Donovan
must have penalized the King1sh
for foul tactics. LevinSky smashed
Neusel in the face twice after bells;
he heeled him often with his glove;
hit him when breaking from
cInches, and held him while try
ing to club him. LevinSky was no
ring clown last night; he was
savagely trying to win.
Donovan said he had not penal
lied the Chicagoan, but had given
Neusel seven rounds for superior
fighting. The United Press score
shet credited Levinsky with six and
Neusel with four.
NeuSel won the first round. Le-
whisky the second. He connected
with a hard right to the chin and
f1oored Neusel for the count of two
Levinsky had him groggy in the
third. NeuSel recovered in the
fourth and won that session.
Neusel kept walking in during the
fifth, sixth and seventh, but was
met by barrage of swings to head
and body that lost him those rounds
and had him f1oundering at times.
Levinsky tired in the eighth and
the German plugged him at long
range with smashing blows to head
and body. One long right to the
jaw staggered the Kingf1sh. At the
end of that session, LeVinSky
hunched over his corner pail like
a seasick voyager. The German
battered him about the ring in the
two closing sessions. Levinsky tried
desperately to rally in the tenth
and they slugged toe to toe like
longshoremen, but Neusel had much
the better of the mixing. Levinsky
was groggy at the bell.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-03-10
I. i. to Start
Spring Drill
BIZ Times Special

By Times Special
BLOOMINGTON, Ind, March g.
When A. B. (Bo) McMillin arrives
at Indiana university to take over
the football head coaching job Mon
day he will find his coaching aids
and next falls grid candidates
ready for him.
The former Center college quarter
back will begin spring practice i'm
mediately, he has notified athletic
officials here. Consequently assist
ant coach Paul (Pooch) Harrell will
deal out the moleskins to the Grim
son gridmen tomorrow.
According to word received here,
Kansas State has not taken steps
thus far to procure a new grid
mentor to supplant McMillin. who
resigned to come to Indiana.