Evening star., 1934-07-08
NEW DEAL LAWS|
MAKE NEW CRIMES
Prison Terms and Fines Are
Provided for Many
Violations.

4nG new 1dWS IclhllI1B W AiuuotAJ,
10 agriculture. TO business, including
security business, stock and COM
modify exchanges, and banking, all
carry penalties for violation. Some
of these penalties are fines, especially
when imposed upon corporations.
But there are other more serious
penalties growing out OF the new
deal" laws, some Of which will send q
man to Jail for 10 years, II the maxi
mum penalty is imposed.
In addition to these jail penalties,
under the strictly new deal" laws,
the Congress Just closed has during
the last year added to the Federal
statutes and made new classes Of Fed
eral offenses. These laws were passed
to meet the situation growing out OF
an increase in crime. They are de-
signed to deal more effectively with
the gangsters who have infested many
of Americas biggest cities and
whose operations, thanks to the au-
tomobile and the airplane, cover a
wide territory and enter the realm
of interstate commerce in crime.
List Of New Deal' Laws.
The new deal" laws designed to
aid recovery are particularly the
agricultural adjustment act, the ma
tional industrial recovery act, the
various currency laws, including the
silver act, the laws regulating STOCK
exchanges and the issuance OF secur1-
ties, the Glass banking act, wnlcn
divorces the security and the banking
business, the Home Loan Bank act,
the farm mortgage acts, the Tennes-
see Valley Authority law. the housing
law. the Bankhead cotton production
control act and the Kerr tobacco pro-
duction control act.
The AGRICULTURAL adjustment act
has as one Of its aims the reduction
in the production of basic agricul-
tural commodities, in order to bring
the farmer better prices. One OF the
provisions of this act relating to the
professors Of food stuffs permits the
Secretary of Agriculture to issue L.
censes to these professors and asso-
Citations of producers and others en-
gagged in the handling of agricultural
commodities in interstate commerce.
There is a proviso that no person en-
gagged in storage in a public ware
house of any basic agricultural COM
modify, wheat, cotton, tobacco. Tor
example, shall deliver such COM
modify upon which warehouse re-
ceipt has been issued and Is outstand-
ing. without prior surrender and can
collation. of the warehouse receipt.
Any person violating this subsection
of the law shall be punished by a
fine of not more than $1,000 or by
Imprisonment for not more than two
years or both.
In this same act there IS pro-
vision that any person acting IN an
oficial capacity In the administration
of this law who shall speculate dl-
rectly or indirectly in a basic agri-
cultural commodity shall be punished
by a fine of not more than $4,000
or Imprisonment of not more than
two years.
Gold Hoarding Hit.
The new deal has undertaken 10
deal draStically with hoarders OF gold.
In one of the first acts of the Roose-
welt administration the President was
given authority to prohibit the ex-
port, boarding, melting or ear-marking
of gold or silver coin or bullion, by
sny person within the United states
Violators of this act may be fined
not more than $4,000 or may be i'm
prisoned for not more than 10 years,
or both. The Federal Reserve act
was amended in this law so as to
give the Secretary of the Treasury
the right to compel all individuals
and corporations to deliver to the
Treasury all gold coins, gold bullion
and gold certificates owned by them.
Any individual or corporation falling
to comply with this order is subject
to a penalty equal to twice the value
of the gold or gold certificates.
The national industrial recovery
act as originally written contained q
clause authorizing the President to
license all persons engaged in in
duStry After they were licensed and
the President should find that code
of fair competition was being vio-
lated, he was authorized to suspend
or revoke any such license and any
person who, without license or in vio-
lation of any condition thereof, car
ried on in business, should be fined
not more than $500 or imprisoned
not more than six months, and each
day of violation should constitute a
separate offense- This license clause,
however expired on June l6, one
year after the passage of the act.
The N. r. A. provides for setting
up codes of fair competition. And
once business has come under the
operation Of the code penalties may
be imposed for violations of the CODE
The case of a tailor in New Jersey
who violated a clothes-pressing code
and was sent to jail Is still fresh in
the memory and created much
criticism of the NJ r. A.
Deals With Oil Control.
One section Of the N. r. A. act
deals with oil regulations giving the
President authority to prohibit the
transportation in interstate commerce
of petroleum and its by-products In
excess of the amount permitted by
any State law A violation of any
order of the President issued under
this section may be punished by a
fine not exceeding 81 900 or imprison-
ment not to exceed SIX months or
both. This same act contained pro-
visions for the Public Works Admin
istration under which the P. w. A. has
expended or authorized the expendi-
ture of something like two billion dol
lars. Any contractor or any ofiicer or
agent of contractor who misapplies
any Of the funds received-declared
to be trust funds-is deemed to be
guilty of misdemeanor and shall be
punished by fine Of not more than
$1,000 or by imprisonment for not
more than one year or both.
The so-called Glass banking act hits
directly at bankers who do a business
in securities, stocks and bonds and
also accept money for deposit. The
law prohibits combining these two
businesses. A violation may be pun
ished by fine of $4,000 or five years
imprisonment or of both. This same
law also makes it crime for an off,
Ger of a member bank to become in
debted to the bank of which he is an
lnwn