The Waterbury Democrat., 1934-09-06
Delegates Thrilled
 BySenatorLonergan
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: O4AA A eA6S oJ
 ter off than he was on March 4, 1888. There is no better evidence of this than the fact that the peo- pie of the United States were able to pay taxes on two billion dollars more income in the fiscal year ending June 80, 1884 thant hey had during the previous year. This fact is shown by the cold figures of the inoome-tax returns, and is not a mere guess for political pur- poses.
 In Connecticut the income-tax collections for the fiscal year end ing June 30, 1884, were $15,5S2,- SIS as compared with collections of $14,567,54S in previous fiscal year an increase of $965,257. This in- dicates that taxes were paid on approximately $19,305,34O more income during this fiscal year. There could be no betetr guage of what is taking place in the state,
 Future Program Promising
 Much more could be said of what the New Deal has done for the United States and for Connec- ticut, but despite this magnificent record of the past IS months, the program which lies ahead is of even greater importance. It has already been outlined by the presi- and other forms of social security.
 The need for such security has been urged for many years. The states were at first slow to grasp the importance of old-age pensions, but during the past few years have learned much from the experience of other states and one after an- other is passing similar laws. A plank of the democratic platform pledges that the presidet will urge such social legislation upon the states, but President Roosevelt is going beyond that, and will advo- cate a national system of social reform and security.
 There are now 2S states and 2 territories which have old-age pen sion laws. Some of them are much more effective than others. All together they have cared for approximately 115,547 aged citi- zens at cost during 1893 of $25,- 950,24S. Among the states, New York led, with A per cent of the pensioners and 53 per cent of the total outlay.
 old Age Pension Costs
 The pensions provided are on very moderate basis, the maxi nuns allowed ranging in various states from $15 to $30 per month. The most common maximum set is $50 per month; practically half of the laws set this figure. The average monthly pension, all states combined, was $18.75 in 1893 as compared with $19.38 in 1892 and $1S.S9 in 1881.
 Of course, the old-age pension cannot be relied upon to supplant institutional care entirely. There will always be a certain pr0por- tion of aged for whom, because of physical and mental infirmity, the pension is not suitable. For such persons institutional or per- sonal care of some kind will be necessary. Undoubtedly in those cases for which it is suitable, the pension not only is preferable but is considerably less of burden upon the taxpayers than is the almshouse. Pension laws now in effect provide for an average an. nual pension of $225 per pension CT, as compared with an average annual expenditure of $436.79 for each person maintained in the almshouse or other institutions.
 Unemployment Insurance.
 Unemployment insurance is more in the experimental stage than old age pensions. Experience in this country is limited to plans initiated by private employers, joint agreements between employ CTS and trade unions, and plans instituted by local unions. The unemployment compensation law enacted in Wisconsin on January 2S, 1882, was postponed on account of the depression and was made ef- fective for the payment of contri- buttons only until July of this year, so that as yet no experience has been acquired. Sixteen com- pany plans and forty-one trade union plans were in operation up to 1881, some of which have been discontinued, and others of which have been curtailed because of the effects of the depression.
 The president is studying such facts as are available, and If they indicate that some form of employ ment insurance will stabilize pro- duction and employment, he will no doubt make recommendation to Congress as a part of an unem- ployment-benefit plan.
 Three Objectives
 The three great objectives of the administration for the next Congress are-security for the home, security of livelihood, and the security of social insurance. As the president has already pointed out, they constitute right which belongs to every individual and every family willing to work. They are the essential fulfillment of measures already taken toward re- lief, recovery and reconstruction. They will be studied and debated at length before enacted into law, and industry should have no fears of an oppressive burden being placed upon it's shoulders. It should be remembered that in the New Deal, thus far, all of us have been carrying additional burdens, for which we hope to achieve new riches, far more valuable to the people of America than any of the superficial riches we derived dur ing the years before the depression.
 Troubles Man-Made
 Then we were dealing with false values. Now we are dealing with human values. If we err in chart ing the course we can try again.