davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1934-08-06
WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS

A year ago Gen. johnson was the
stellar drawing card at the Labor
day celebration at the Century Of
Progress Exposition at Chicago. This
year it will be Mayor La Guardia Of
New York, whom President Green of
the American Federation of Labor
declares best exemplifies the ideals
and aspirations of organized labor.
Gen. johnson spoke from a rostrum
at the Chicago Fair last Thursday.
He lambasted N. r. A. critics In
general and the press in particular,
but his utterances seemed to have
lost their oracular connotation. The
general, by the march Of time and
events beyond his control, is no
longer upon the pinnacle. The N.
r. A. is In the grip Of dissentions Of
the most serious character% That is
fact which may no longer be dis
guised. Gen. Johnson's vacation"
instead of calming troubled waters
has accentuated the storm. OF the
many difficult and urgently press
ing problems confronting Mr.. Roose-
velt on his arrival at the White
House next Friday the disposition OF
Gen. johnson and the reorganization
OF the N. r. A. Is near the top Of
the list. 1t will tax the Presidents
resources. his diplomacy and his in
genuity to the utmost, but no doubt
he will be equal to 1t.
+ X + X
Chairman Joseph p. Kennedy of
the Securities Exchange Committee, is
second only to John j. Raskob as the
largest individual creditor of the
Democratic National Committee. The
committee still owes Kennedy, ac-
cording to its latest published report,
balance Of $33,576 for cash ad-
vanced during the 1882 campaign.
Kennedy donated generously TO the
Roosevelt war chest both before and
after the Chicago convention, but tafter
his gifts came loans. Kennedy eoday
terms the debt his most frozen asset.
Vincent Astor and w. X. Vanderbilt
are listed as creditors of the Demo-
cratic National Committee for only
paltry $4,000 apiece. The commit
tees debts for radio and wire service
agRfeBdIe HlOF6 ILldu DSOOtoOOJ 0AS
the broadcasting and telegraph COM
panies, under the guns of the new
Communications Commission, can Ill
afford to be otherwise than indulgent.
John j. Raskob's heritage OF his
spectacular financial angel ship OF
the Democrtic party when Al Smith
was its standard bearer, still shows
him holding unpaid National Com
mittee notes of $4,000.
An aftermath Of the battle won by
the National Women's party under
the astute leadership of Miss Alice
Paul is the opinion just delivered TO
Secretary of State Hull by Attorney
General Cummings, interpreting the
equal nationality act" approved by
President Roosevelt. May "a, 1884, and
holding that the child hereafter born
abroad of one American citizen par
ent and one alien parent Is TO be
treated as an American citizen and
not as an alien. Sharing in the
satisfaction IS an ex-newspaper man
turned lawyer, Peter F. Snyder, who
served as assistant to the Secretary
of Labor until last year, and as wash
ington counsel represented groups OF
American citizens of alien race in
Evening star., 1934-08-06
SHOOTING STARS.
BY PHn.ANDER JOHNSON.

Metaphysical Mystery.
We quarrel with Congress in critical
tone,
Yet each Congressman's out with a
way Of his own,
And when or wherever he bravely
appears
There's an audience waiting to give
him three cheers.
Each separate Congressman's mighty
at home.
And crowds win applaud him when
e'er he may roam.
But bring them together, the great
and the small,
And a Congress appears to have no
pull at all
Each year that rolls by new phe-
nomena brings
"Complexes" and urges" and all sort
Of things.
And what mass psychology shows
day by day,
Seems to be what is sending this old
world astrayl
Evening star., 1934-08-06
The Idahn Baker.

When Senator Borah told an Idaho
baker TO disregard an order received
from somebody supposedly In author
ity in the N. r. A. to increase the
price Of a loaf OF bread he started
something that had a quick reaction.
The Senator declared that nobody
had a right to direct the baker TO
increase his price, that not only was
there no constitutional right to do
so. but that such an order was in
defensible in morals and economics.
and he assured the baker that If he
ignored the order and was prosecuted,
he, the Senator, would see that he
got counsel without expense to him.
Now the N. r. A. authorities in this
city. indisposed to accept the chal-
lenge, evade the issue. producing a
report from the acting chairman OF
the code authority Of the baking in
dustry TO the effect that no regional
code authority has been created in
Idaho, and therefore some one has
acted without authority, which should
be charged to local over-enthusiaSm
and not TO the Bakers Code Author
ity nor to the N. r. A."
All this makes an interesting situa-
ton. It suggests in the first place
that there is good deal Of loose
ness in the N. r. A. organization. 1t
indicates also quite clearly that the
N. r. A., whether local, regional or
Federal, does not want the question
Of constitutionality to be brought into
the matter of the price of bread.
And it quite pointedly suggests that
there is no wish for development
that will give Senator Borah chance
to become the advocate of code
authority resister.
The case of the little tailor in
New Jersey" who was punished for
lowering the price for cleaning a suit
of clothes, comes to mind in connec-
ton with this matter of the Idaho
baker to illustrate one of the worst
features Of the N. r. A., that Of price
fixing to the disadvantage Of the
small man. There was no dispute in
the case OF the New Jersey tailor
on the score of authority as there Is
now In the case of the Idaho baker.
The N. r. A. virtually went to the
mat in the tailor's case. No one
with great prestige came forward to
defend him. But perhaps 1t was with
the decided public reaction in disap-
proval in that instance in mind that
this swift repudiation of the Idaho
case has been announced. There are
more little men in business than big
men, or big organizations, and they
are closer to the people. They have
more friends. And one OF the friends
of one of these little men is one Of
the most influential of American
statesmen.
Evening star., 1934-08-06
Machines That Sell,

vladir;r ReSnikoff, the blind BARI
tone singer. used to say that he
looked forward to the day when he
could lie abed, lazily comfortable. and
order his dinner by pushing a series
Of buttons on the wall. He died too
soon to know that in part at least his
dream was destined to come true.
The aspect of the machine age which
he anticipated is an accomplished
fact.
For example, the inventive genius
of some unknown master has per-
fected an orange juice dispenser
which is almost uncanny in the ef1i-
cheney of its performance. The pa
tron inserts a nickel in a slot, con-
cealed wheels revolve within the case,
SpotleSs paper cup drops down into
a provided holder, and then-and
only then-the patron may turn q
handle and obtain exactly enough
orange juice to MI the cup.
| Another even more marvellous ma
chine shines shoes when its appetite
for dimes has been catered to. The
coin unlocks an apparatus which does
the work as effectively as human
hands ever could. Sitting in the
chair to which the device is attached
the customer has nothing to bother
him while the operation proceeds ex-
cept the miracle Of robot valet.
Machines to vend stamps, chewing
gum and cigarettes are common
throughout the world. They may be
encountered in every city of the earth,
and their history traces back to q
period half century distant. A
hotel in New York has q machine
which brings forth hpSticks, and at
an industrial exhibition in London
an American traveller once purchased
q pocketknife from similar
contrsption.
The pay telephone. with its trick oI
returning nicksls it has not earned;
the pay typewriter, with q time clock
attachment measuring out periods OF
service: the pay-in-advance variety oi
gas meter, which must be kept sup
piled with quarters, and all the
myriad gsdgetS Of the penny arcade
so dear to the heart Of childhood
each Of these contrivaneea Ia q
Evening star., 1934-08-06
Sky Trains.

While experience teaches that it is
not wise TO be Skeptcal about inno-
vations in aviation, in the light of
the surprising achievements accom-
phshed within the past quarter CEN
tury, the performance last week of
flying a SKY train composed OF a
powered machine and powerleSs trail
erS, between New York and Wash
ington. cannot now be regarded as
establishing any material advance in
aerial navigation. The glider already
has proved itself. with numerous rec
ords Of long distance flights, some OF
them to designated objectiveS. Yet
application of the glider principle in
the carrying Of the mails, or any other
goods for delivery, is o natural de-
velopment. 1t may well be that some
practical use can be made Of this
Sdea, AT present the limitation upon
the carrying capacity of the non-
powered plane would seem to preclude
It's use for regular service in the
transport of any form Of goods. The
powered plane can carry heavy loads
delivering them with certainty at the
point OF distribution. Enlargement
Of the capacity Of such q plane
already accomplished to the point al
which it has become q valuable factol
in mail transport, would appear to b
the natural line of progression. rathel
than the addition TO capacity with
powerleSs gliders. Certain dificultie'
arise In the management Of suci
RppendageS AT present perfec
weather conditions are required b
Evening star., 1934-08-06

Universal commendation is given to
the speech of Chairman Joseph P.
Kennedy in which he outlined the at
titude Of the Securities and Exchange
Commission toward its task of regu-
lating trading in securities.
His speech must be regarded as
extremely reassuring to Wall Street, +"
says the New York Times, with the
comment that such words are in
sharp contrast with many of the
crack-down' announcements in the
earlier days of the new deal, and
ought to cheer the financial COM
munity at moment when cheer is
greatly needed" The Times suggests
that lit would do no harm If other
administration officials made state
ments with the reaSsuring tone and
substance Of Mr.. Kennedy's."
Quoting the speakers statement
that 1--WE think of ourselves as the
means Of bringing new life into the
body Of business" the San Jose Mer-
curry Herald observes that he is not
member of the brain trust which
has acted on the theory that the
m1quity Of business was the cause
Of all the ills that have befallen us"
and adds: The lesson of the depres-
SION will have been lost unless this
fact Is driven into the public con-
sciousneSs; that the people in their
collective capacity as States owe
duties to protect citizens against dis
honest practices and cannot impute
blame to others for their neglect to
perform them"
THE commission has proceeded
cautiously. with the apparent inten-
ton Of putting knowledge ahead of
action states the Wall Street Jour-
nal, and that paper comments on the
Kennedy talk: 1T was a declaration
OF intentions and Mr.. Kennedy gave
convincing assurance that the COM
mission understands the difficulties
that must attend their realization.
II Is precisely for that reason that the
chairman's address, while it leaves no
room for any one to hope for an in
different execution of the law. does
inspire confidence that every whole
some and legitimate activity in securi-
ties will be permitted and en-
couraged"
The speech is mostly important. +"
according to the Cincinnati Times
Star, ''as apparently revealing a be-
lated realization on the part of WASH
ington that it has overStepped the
mark in its attempt at regulation.
The securities markets began to re-
fleet uneaSiness In the business world
almost the moment passage of the
| stringent Fletcher-Rayburn bill be-
came a certainty. Volume of trading
dwtndled OF TO almost nothing. and
the snails pace was maintained for
weeks at q time. More recently, the
securities markets have become active
again, but in a way only further to
emphasize shaky financial state of
mind" The Dayton Herald thinks
the work of the commission should
be of enormous value In restoring pub
lie confidence In the stock exchanges
and enabling them to resume their
function in an industrial society"
Commendation Of Mr.. Kennedy BY
Ferdinand Pecora, investigator OF the
stock market, impresses the Bay City
CAGich.) Daily Times, which thinks
'.if he is satisfied, the rest of us
needn't worry much" The Kansas
City Times offers the Judgment: Mr..
Kennedy is understood TO be thor
cughly in sympathy with the market
Evening star., 1934-08-06

A yenner can GET the ansleer to
any question OF fact bp tpTfttac The
WGshincfon Evening Star Information
Bureau. Frederic J. Haskin. Director.
Washington. D. c. Please incloSe
stamp for reply.
@. What Is the color scheme Of the
Bureau Of Air Commerce planes?--
T. s. r.
A. The color scheme has been
changed to black and Calatea orange
from the former colors of maroon. in
ternational orange, black and alumni
mum. The black ano Galatea orange
Is said to afford better visibility and
more economical maintenance.
@. Are carbonated beverages fat
tening7-A. r. l..
A. There Is only about three-fourths
of an ounce of sugar per drink, yield
ing approximately 100 calories, which
Is about so per cent less than In glass
of milk. II taken along with exercise.
the sugar Is burned up so rapidly and
the water eliminated by perspiration
so that no gain in weight results.
@. What Is civet musk?-J. B.
A. Civet Is a substance found in q
pouch near the sexual organs Of true
ciyet cats. 1t is of clear yellowish
or browniSh color, of strong musky
odor. Although offensive when un-
diluted, 1t Is agreeable when a small
portion is mixed with another sub
stance. 1t Is used as a perfume.
Chemically, 1t is a mixture Of fat,
volatile oil, etc.
@. When was the year without a
Summer?-A. B.
1916. There was ice and snow in
every month, according to contempo-
rary writer's, and people wore over
coats in July.
@. Please give a biography Of Ger
trude Michael. who is starring in The
Notorious Sophie Lang."-M. F.
A. Born at Talladega, Ala, Ger
trude Michael was a piano prodigy at
IL, university law student at IS and
director Of q radio station at IT, When
her father died she was forced to give
up musical study, so she first started
little theater movement in the town
and later established Radio Station
VIDA, where she broadcast as a
household adviser, singer, and piano
and violin soloist. Subsequently she
joined the Stuart Walker Stock Com
pany and after year went to New
York. where she had role in Caught
West" Her first picture appearance
was as Richard Arlen's fiancee in
"Wayward." She has also played in
''Unashamed," Sailor, Be Good" "A
Bedtime Story" I'm No Angel" Ann
Vickers," "Rolero" and Murder at
the Vanities."
@. How much land does the Gov
ernment have in the Smoky Mountain
National Park?-J. H. H.
A. The Federal Government has ac-
| quired to date 410, ,893.29 acres Of land
In the Smoky Mountain National
Park; 34,770.54 acres are yet to be ac-
quired.
@. 1t is true that it is no longer cor
rect to say Hello" over the telephone9 ?
-E. G.
A. To save time It is correct for a
business office to say -. B. Smith
Co." without saying Hello" but in a
private home Hello" is still correct.
@. Is 1t true that ivy will cause a
stone or concrete wall to disintegrate
Evening star., 1934-08-06
Years Financing by R.F.C.
Prom the Newark Evening News.

from the newark Evening News.
Whatever doubts may be held Of the
ultimate effect upon the country's
economic structure, resulting from the
wide influence and direction Of private
enterprise exerted by Government
through the Reconstruction Finance
Corporation, the financial operations
of that agency the last fiscal year,
which ended June 80, make a remark
able showing. More, they furnish un-
mistakable proof of returning conf
dence and improved conditions.
OF the total disbursements of So
o62 300 ,668, nearly 5000, 900 900 was
allocated to other Government COM
missions, half of this lesser sum going
for emergency relief work. The sig
nificant fact is that while the direct
loans made by the r. F. c. amounted
to SI,l77,135, ,106, repayments were in
excess of 1891 900 900, or 79 per cent.
In other words, to carry on the strictly
lending activities of the corporation
required only 81 per cent of additional
public funds.
1t is to be noted that banks insur-
ance companies, railroads, building
and loan associations, agricultural
credit corporations, as classes, repaid
more than they borrowed during the
year. That may fairly be taken as
an augury respecting the ultimate dis
charge of the vast sums advanced by
the Government to help recovery, 10
which effect should be given in weigh
ing the size of the national debt.
1t may be pertinent to inquire what
would have happened without the aid
thus extended by the Government, but
it is too early to indulge in any con-
elusive discussion of r. F. C.'s con-
tribution to the critical situation.
Incidentally, the corporation made q
neat profit of s21, ,764, 1886 last year.
1t received in dividends and interest
sS1 ,268, ITS, while its expenses were
SIS, ABS, ,78s. The last item shows what
vast enterprise the r. F. c. is.
Evening star., 1934-08-06
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
By FREDERIC J. HASKIN.

sooner than it normally would9--
p. .. J.
A. Ivy on q wall win not cause the
stone or concrete to disintegrate under
ordinary circumstances. IL Is only II
there Is very heavy growth Of the
Ivy, which causes dragging weight on
the stone. together with the pull ex-
erted by the roots OF the ivy, THAI
there is any danger to the material.
@. What are the names Of George
Rogers Clark's parents7--F. O.
A. George Rogers Clark was the son
OF John and Ann Rogers Clark. both
natives Of Virginia.
@. Isn't Il true that most children
reach the eighth grade without know
ing how to use English correctly
II. r. @.
A. A national study Of English In
the schools made by the Psychological
Corp. OF New York, under the di-
rection of Or. l.. J. ORourke, shows
, that only AT per cent of eighth grade
pupils in the public schools show q
mastery OF the essentials OF English
usage. Only 800 per cent show
mastery Of niceties. and only l5.5 per
cent a grasp OF the least important
phases OF usage.
@. Is Maurice RaveI, composer OF
"BoIero." llvirg2-w. w. M.
A. He Is living abroad, and In July
was made director of the American
Conservatory Of Music. at Fontaine-
bleau, France.
O. Who founded the Faber lead.
pencil induStry?--J. S. H.
| A. The business was founded in
1850 at Stein, near Nuremberg, by
KaSpar Faber.
Q. What are the Coventry Plays7-
M. q.
A. The Coventry Plays were a set
OF AZ plays combining the morality
and the mystery, acted during the
sixteenth century at Coventry or
thereabouts on Corpus Christi day.
They were probably written by the
clergy and we're widely attended.
@. What Is the purpose Of the
numbered dial on the mast Of bat
/ tleships9-C. s.
A. The dial on battleship Is called
a concentration dial. II gives ranges
down to hundreds Of yards, and il
used in concentrating the fire Of more
than one ship on the target.
@. What Is the origin Of the phrase
drinking q toast"?-T. W.
A. The English drinking phrase
had reference at first to the custom
of drinking TO the ladies. In Stuart
days 1t was the custom TO put q
piece of toast in the wine cup before
drinking, from notion that It gaYu
the liquor q better flavor.
@. Do immigrants send as much
money back to Europe as ever?-D. M.
A. Last year alien residents In tho
United States sent s110,0 900 home
to European countries. In 1929 they
sent $3.50, 100000.
Q. How much gasoline do aukomo-
biles in this country use In . year7-
r. N. r.
A. More than fourteen billion gall
Ions Of gasoline are consumed by mo-
tor vehicles per year.
@. What is the height and weight
Of John Barrymore7-E. s.
A. The height of John Barrymore
Is s., feet 10 inches, and his weight
is Approximately 16o pounds.
Evening star., 1934-08-06

It is stated that the Middle West
is considering President Roosevelt as
organizing perpetual Christmas trees.
This is going back to the old New
York Sun files and indorsing the
anonymous editorialist who wrote,
Yes, my child, there Is a Santa
Claus.
Evening star., 1934-08-06
Bureaucracies.

Postmaster General James A. Par
ieys statement In San Francisco thai
there are bad bureaucracies and gooc
bureaucracies" seems to raise the
question OF whether they are Demo
cratic or Republican bureaucracies
The chairman OF the Democratic Ma
tional Committee has no slightest
doubt that a bureaucracy built ur
under the auspices OF the Democratic
party and the new deal is a good
democracy. Certainly Mr.. Farley
4hould know.
The new deal bureaus, Mr.. Farley
maintains, are not to be put in the
same class as the Prohibition Bureau
and he mentions the fact that that
bureau fiourished from 1920 through
is32-virtually the period Of Repub-
lican control Of the Government, from
the days OF woodrow Wilson until
The days of Franklin d. Roosevelt. Oi
course, It was really misfortune
that the adoption Of national prohi-
bition could not have waited until
Mr.. Wilson had retired from office
But that is just one Of those slips OF
fortune which make it impossible To
place upon the @. o. p. the full blame
for the National Prohibition Bureau
and all its works.
Here was bureau, says Mr.. Farley,
with its meddlesoIne emissaries spread
10 every nook and corner Of the land.
And Mr.. Farley admits with pardon
able pride that he, for one, did all
he could to consign the National Pro-
hihition Bureau to oblivion 1t blight
ed everything It touched. But what
OF the new deal bureaus? Do they
have emissaries that reach into every
nook and corner of the land? If they
do, according to Mr.. Farley, they
have a beneficent and benign effect
II there is a little wheat bootlegging
1t is better than bootlegging rye and
corn in the liquid form. And the mer
who watch to see that the American
farmers do not 30 beyond the allot'
ments OF planting cotton and wheat
and tobacco do not, Of course, consti'
tute an army of snoopers.
Mr.. Farley says that the critics oi
bureaucracy would not, could not
think of doing away with the bu-
reaucracy OF thG new deal To dc
80 would be to thrust the country
back into the depths of depression
That is Mr.. Farley's prediction. Oi
course, he does not really know
whether that would be the effect ol
not. Mr.. Farley like others in this
administration, is not inclined to give
the American people credit for any
thing that has oeen done 10 bring
about a measure Of recovery. Appar-
emily he does not look for the Amer.
ican people to so ahead without the
aid Of a vast amount Of Government
expenditure and without 8 vast army
of Government agents to keep the
'r,eonle in the right road. II is in.
deed, q novel suggestion that the Gov.
eminent must be right and the people
wrong.
Mr.. Farley remarks that there are
good bureaucrscies and bad bureau
cracies. He might also have said
there are benevolent despotisms and
evil deSpotisms. Nevertheless a des.
potism is deSpotism. so, presumably
Is a bureaucracy u bureaucracy.
Evening star., 1934-08-06

Governor. It is TO be settled at the
primary in September. with former
Mayor Curley of Boston, ardent
Roosevelt Democrat, and Gen. Charles
II. Cole, the selection of pre-primary
convention for the nomination in the
race. While Curley is a friend Of
the President, it Is said he would be
weaker candidate against the Re
publican nominee in November.
The best guess here is the Presi-
dent viii keep his hands of. If he
mixed in the affair, either for Curley
or Cole, there would be good deal
Of resentment.
Evening star., 1934-08-06

While housing problems are claim
ing due consideration, rangers are
declaring that cattle need more wide
open spaces. Little has been heard
lately Of the effort to develop a popu-
lar ste for reindeer meat.
Evening star., 1934-08-06

Wall Street quotations reflect the
relative prosperity Of traders who
sometimes benefit by the producers
necessity to sell cheap and the ulti-
mate consumers necessity TO buy
dear.
Evening star., 1934-08-06
Not Limitless.

From the Pittsburgh Post-aaEette.
Neither Gen. johnson nor the
weather can keep 1t up forever.
Evening star., 1934-08-06
Balancing.

Balancing.
I made budget up with care
Each item I sat down.
The total gave me quite q scare
And brought an anxious frown.
But worrying, We understand.
WIN make our courage slump.
I raised the budget on one hand
And threw 1t In the dump.