davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-06-08
Norman Thomas Explains

A LII Socialist workers honestly expecting
"A real revolutionary policy from the
new Declaration of Principles adopted at
the S. P. Convention will be bitterly dis
illusioned by the latest statement of
Norman Thomas, Interpreting this do
.cument.
With truly Jesuitical causuistry, Thomas twists
and turns with slippery political explanation" of
the new platform. 1t is impossible not to notice
how feverishly Thomas avoids making one single
statement that is clear, unencumbered by clauses
by Ifs" and butts" and "maybe's" AS slippery as
an eel, and as vague as he can be, he does every
thing possible to sde-step clear firm policy on
how he intends to overthrow capitalism
Only two days ago. the New York Times, with
prophetic insight dismissed the new Declaration of
Principles as a piece of political manoeuverng
whose supposed revolutionary intentions would be
quickly watered down mot to mean much. by
metaphysical discussion"
With incredible speed its prophecy has been
fulfilled
WAS it revolutionary struggle against capitalism.
- was it a program leading to the destruction of
the capitalist state power that the honest Socialist
workers thought they we're getting? Norman
Thomas hastens to disillusion them of any such
notions
Precisely as before, Thomas states, under the
Declaration Of Principles the Socialist Party is
committed to seek power by economic and political
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-06-08
British Miners Vote
Fight on Wage Cuts
Two Million Workers
Are Asking Wage
Increases

LONDON.-By SO votes to 10 the
annual Delegate Council of the
Northumberland Mines Association
recently decided to launch an i'm
mediate campaign for the restora-
ton of the 40 per cent cut.
This decision of Northumberland
which follows close upon the heels
of a somewhat similar decision by
the delegates of the Durham Miners
Association, is indicative of the
growing feeling of revolt which is
now manifesting itself in the British
coal fields, and indeed drought the
ranks of the whole working class
More than 100000 British work
ers are now raising demands for
increased wage scales.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-06-08
Call Harlem WOmen's
Anti-Fascist Meeting

NEW YORK.-The Harlem's Wo-
mems Anti-War Committee has
called a special Industrial Women's
Anti-War Conference, on Monday
evening, June IS, at the Bronze
Studio, 227 Lenox Ave. ALI women
from the trade unions, factories,
shops and other industrial groups
are invited to attend as delegates.
This conference is in preparation
for the sending of Negro delegates
to the International Womens Con-
gress Against War and Fascism to
be held in Paris from July 28th to
3Oth.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-06-08
Police Kill Railway
Strikers i'm Colombia

BAGOTA, Colombia, June T.
Several strikers and one policeman
were killed in Medellin yesterday,
when workers clashed with the
police during strike of 10000 rail-
way and municipal workers. The
clash occurred when police at
tempted to move a train and street
cars.
Workers at Puerto Berrio, on the
Antioquia Railway terminal, went
out on a sympathy strike.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-06-08
Report Soviet Union
Appoints Surita, Jew,
AS Envoy to Germany

BERLIN, June when ques-
toned on the appointment of
Jacques 2, Surita, Jew, to the
post of Soviet ambassador to Ger
many, spokesman for the Soviet
embassy here said:
80 far as the Soviet Union is
concerned, 1t does not matter
whether he is a Jew or not. The
Jewish question does not exist for
us"
Ambassador Surita is expected to
take over his post in August.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-06-08
FOREIGN BRIEFS
BELGIAN CABINET FALLS

BRUSSELS, June 7. = Belgium
was still without a Cabinet today
following the fall yesterday Of the
Cabinet of Charles de Broqueville.
The previous Cabinet, which was
constituted December II, 1882, was
Coalition of Liberals, Socialists,
and Catholics. The Catholics Gin
Guiding the Christian Democrats)
held 10 seats in the Chamber, the
Socialists 10, and the Liberals "a.
The Cabinet resigned after two
defeats. In the first the Liberals
fought the Government relief bill
claiming it was too high.
The second government defeat
was on a proposed measure facil-
itating deportation proceedings
which was lost by 80 to IA.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-06-08

Europe, especial
ly in the Bali
kans and Baltic,
trying to speed
their war alli-
a n ce S against
t he OWE t
Union. u n d er
the camouflage
of a lecture on
fascism, Goeb-
bells will visit
Poland in order
to talk over the
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-06-08
JAPANESE GOODS TO EGYPT

TOKYO, June 7. Japan sold
22,81s,000 ven worth Of goods to
Egypt last year and purchased
1856, 900, it was announced today.
More Egyptian cotton and other
staples would be purchased in an
effort to increase trade between the
two nations in the face Of the
British declaration of state Of
trade war, it was stated
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-06-08
FRENCH NAVY FUNDS

PARIS, June 6.-The Navy claims
100000 of the new appropria-
lions demanded for national defense,
Francois Pietri, Minister of the
Navy told the Chamber yesterday.
Forty million dollars will go to the
construction of underground oil
storage tanks safe from bombing;
$10,000,000 to naval aviation; and
$5,000,000 to coast defense which in
cludes, it was learned, new 26,50O
ton cruiser, submarine and a
torpedo boat.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-06-08

$15,000,000 for military equipment
next year it was revealed today, and
the Secretary Of Defense added that
Cuba will purchase IL gunboats.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-06-08

SIS, 900, 600 FOR WAR EQUIPMENT
HAVANA, June THE Cuban
government will spend at least
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-06-08
BOMBS EXPLODE IN HAVANA

HAVANA, June 7.-One died and
six were wounded by bombs that
burst in the night, the government
announced today.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-06-08

YESTERDAY united front coun-
ter demonstration to one ar
ranged by the British Hitler, Sir
Oswald Mosley, was organized by
the Communist Party and the Lon
don Divisional Council of the In
dependent Labor Party at Olympia.
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1934-10-06
Old Time Montana
Peace Officer Dies

George Williams, whom every old
timer I'm the Sidney country and IA
many other parts Of Montana knew
wen, WIS buried &c Sidney recently. Mr.
Williams died IN hospital IN AfissouIa,
his body was sent to Glendive, where
funeral services were conducted in the
Elks home.
The body was then brought 10 Sidney.
where t. was placed In the cemetery be-
SIDE that Of Joe Egge, another old
tiner and close friend OF MIR. Villains
Aar. Williams came TO this part Of the
country Ia about 1894 and made his
first trip up the lower Yellowstone val
leg Ia 1885 with cattle roundup which
headed this way. He was sheriff Of
Dawson county when the county COM
posed about one-third of the entire
state. he had lived Ia the western part
of the state for several years, IN the VIC
unity Of B6issoula.
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1934-10-06

Later Frank Reinig, who lived on
the Dearborn, his wife and son VIII,
played the violins, and Mr.. Connors
played the coucertina.
IT think the majority Of we old tim
ers look back with pleasure upon those
days spent in Nelson gulch. Many Of
the men that mined there are now
wealthy There was plenty Of gold.
'And we homesteaders did not do SO
bad. Most Of us sold our ranches, after
we had improved them.
after we sold our ranch we went to
MissoUla where we lived two years, then
we went to Idaho. MY husband had a
small ranch near Standpoint, idaho. He
died on March 10, 1923. I am the last
surviving member of our family and
am now alone"
Mrs. Blackstone is keeniy interested
in current events, and reads much. She
has never worn glasses. Her apart
ments are in the Brown block she has
a multitude Of friends.
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1934-10-06
PECAN Indians Held old Chief Mountain in perstjtious
AlCe as Home Of Thunder Bird" Story Of It's Naming

Of his bravery and his part In the fight
after his rescue, the chiefs changed the
name Of Nose 70 Brave Dog.
IN Iater years, this same old Caief
Mountain has stood out as q beacom for
many border outlaws. both Canadian
and American, who were IN the act OF
escaping justice from one side o. TIE
line TO the other. Many q horse thief
and many q whisky trader, hard-press-
ed by q sheriff or marshal has ridden
for miles with Chief Mountain IN view,
knowing that It stood only four miles
from the Canadian fne-wf1ich spelled
safety Many Canadian fugitive IRON
justice has beaten the relocated
mounted police TO the line Ia desper-
ate race for freedom.
Following the Battle Of the Little Big
Horn, Sitting Bulls warriors rode
straight for the Canadian line, and
parties Of them headed for Chief
Mountain. knowing that beyond it was
sanctuary from the blue-coated United
States cavalymen. During the fellow
ing year, 1877, Chief Mountain saw
struggling Nez Perez warriors vino had
escaped from the scene Of the Battle OF
the Bear Paws after Chief Josephss sur
render to Miles, trooping past 10 safety
on the Canadian side
In the early nineties, Little Bear and
Rocky Boy, with their homeless band
of Crees and Chippewas. were escorted
to the Canadian line by Lieut.. john j,
Pershing, and turned over to the
mounted police as escaped Canadian
Indians. In a few weeks. these same
Indians rode back past Chief Mountain
and headed into the mountain dezlles 10
the southwest on their return TO Mon
tana
Today, silent and mysterious, with its
wealth of historic legends, old Chief
Mountain stands as ever, a sentinel Of
the border, but instead Of watching
mounted red warriors Of the old days
riding by with scalps dangling from
lances and coup sticks, or waTy OUT
laws within sight Of this silent sentinel
Of the plains.
The newly constructed and hard sur
faced roads throughout the length and
breadth Of Glacier county Montana,
have rendered Chief Mountain easy OF
access to automobile tourists and no
"trip to Glacier park is complete with
out visit to this historic sentinel Of
The border
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1934-10-06

Indians rushed out and saw It disap-
pearing among the storm clouds. The
Indian belief made the storm cloud the
Thunder Birds vehicle, behind which
he moved through the air, making
peals of thunder by Tapping his wings
and shooting forth lightning flashes
by the blinking Of his an-penetrating
eyes.
The Thunder Bird was frequently
represented In Blackfeet religious cere-
monies It's symbol was painted on
shields, weapons and war clothes for
the purpose Of inspiring courage; also
on lodges for the projection Of the fam
lily.
This famous mountain also figures In
a story which has to do with the Pie
gan society OF Brave Dogs, called Mat
saix in the native language This So
ciety of Brave Dogs was composed Of
men Of the tribe who were admitted to
membership because Of their proven
bravery IN war. One Of the traditions
Of the order was that q Brave Dog must
face the enemy no matter how greatly
outnumbered his party may be, and
he could not turn back unless one Of
his relatives got in front of him and
drove him back. For this reason many
members Of the society we're killed in
war; but the Brave Dogs had great
reputation as warriors, and their enem-
les came TO know them as foes who
would fight to the death
Once, according to one OF the old
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1934-10-06

her, he would find his lodge cold and
empty when he returned and his wife
killed by her own hand
The young chief reasoned with her,
and finally she agreed that 1t was best
that he should go without her. So he
started at the head Of fine array Of
Piegan warriors, and they met and de-
feated the enemy but when his follow
ers returned to the Piegan camp at the
foot of Chief Mountain, they carried
the body Of their leader, who had been
killed in the thickest Of the fighting.
When his wife had learned OF the
young chiefs death, she became crazed
with grief, or as the Piegans said
touched by the Great Spirit" She
wandered everywhere looking for her
husband, calling his name. Her people
watched and cared for her, until one
day she slipped quietly away with her
baby and was far up tn eside Of Chief
Mountain before any one saw her. Run
ners we're sent after her, but she was
too fleet and gained the top where she
signalled to those below in sign langu-
age that she had found her husband,
and they should not follow her. Then
she threw the child far out from her
over the precipitous cliff that forms the
face Of Chief mountain. AS the tiny
form hurtled downward to the cruel
rocks, the mother leaped 10 her death
hundreds Of feet below.
The tragedy had been Witnessed by
almost the entire Piegan, BAND from
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1934-10-06

chiefs, many summers ago the Piegans
were encamped at the base Of Chief
Mountain when they were attacked by
a war party Of the Pend d'Oreiiles. The
first Piegan warrior out Of the camp
to meet the attack was a Brave Dog
named Nose, and In a moments time
he was far out ahead OF the rest Of the
fighting men, His mother, Red Flow
er, saw his peril and knowing the rules
of the society 10 which he belonged, she
realized that his only chance for es-
cape from death was for one of his rel-
atives to risk death by riding out ahead
of Nose, and turning him back
Red Flower quickly united a pony
that was picketed near her lodge, and
In a few seconds was riding out ahead
Of the assembling warriors to rescue
her son, who stood far out alone, shak
ing his war rattle and haunting the
Pend d'Oreilles, calling upon them TO
send out their best warrior to fight him.
But the Pend d'Oreilles declined the
challenge and dozen Of them started
out to get his scalp.
It was race between the Indian
woman and the enemy, and she won.
Riding in front Of her son she struck
him four times, as the rules Of the so
ciety required, before he could turn
back. Then he jumped up behind her
on the pony and they dashed back to
the line of the incoming Piegans form
ed for a charge on the Pend d'Oreilles.
The latter were soon defeated and scat
tered with heavy losses, and because
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1934-10-06

their camp below, and now the women
wailing and singing the tribal death
dirge, climbed to the point where the
battered bodies of the mother and her
little one lay, and carrying them to q
beautiful point on the side Of the
mountain where they buried them af-
ter the Blaclzfeet custom. The body
Of the young chief was brought and
placed beside them.
The mountain was called from this
time Nin-ais- tukku, which means Chief
mountain.
The Piegans held Chief Mountain In
superstitious awe because they believed
that a great cavern near its summit
was the home of the Thunder Bird,
which caused the thunder and ngntn-
ing. Like all of the tribes and nations
which are Of Algonquin stock, they had
a myth concerning the awe-inspiring
mystery of nature that causes thunder
clapS and lightning flashes. They per-
sonified this mysterious and superna-
tural power in the Thunder Bird which
they worShipped and to which they
made propltiatory sacrifices.
The Piegans have tradition that the
Thunder Bird was once overcome by a.
snow storm and that he descended into
their camp. Thunder Bird was taken
to the lodge of the head chief, where
many Of the tribe assembled. It's feath-
ers had many colors like the rainbow
and its claw we're long and green. When
it suddenly flew from the lodge, the
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1934-10-06
Story of Old Montana Is Told
by Daughter of State Pioneer

tall trees and everything has changed
I did not recognize the place. After
much difficulty found the old cabin
site. A pile Of stones-the remains Of
the odd chimney-Was all that was left
of our home.
when I grew up, met Mr. Black
stone and we were married. My hus-
band mined near Park City. Later we
moved to the Dearborn country where
we took homestead and we lived there
for nearly 20 years"
The Blackstone homestead was be-
tween the north and the midle fork Of
the Dearborn river, about IS miles from
Helena. The nearest doctor was at Au-
gllSta-30 miles distant. Wolf creek was
Is miles from the ranch.
Deer PIenEifuI
Deer broWSed about the cabin, and a
tiny fawn cRn1e 10 the cabin one day
and refused to leave. Prairie chickens
and grouse were abundant, but there
we're other things more urgent In Mr.
Blackstone's life than hunting
There was cabin to build. Miles Of
poles for fencing to be cut and placed.
Land TO be cleared And an abundance
of wild hay to be cut and stacked.
I'VE went bo Helena about four times
annually. It usually took a day and q
half to make the trip 10 town. We
camped by the trail at night. 1t re-
CURED two days to make the return
journey, as our big farm wagon was
filled with supplies Our nearest neigh
Dor was my brother, James Hardgrove.
His ranch was about q mile and haf
from our ranch.
Settlers Come In
Our life Was that Of the average
homesteader. We were happy. OF course
we all worked hard.
SETTLERS came into the Dearborn
Then the children began to grow up,
and the settlers faced the need OF a
little amusement. When we first locat-
ed on the homestead. we young married
folks met at the schoolhouse. 1t was q
log building about IL feet long and 10
feet wide. But we soon outgrew that.
The children wanted to learn to dance.
That was some Job. You know am
quite q small woman, and 1t was some
Job dragging some Of those big six
footers around the room teaching them
to dance. But they soon learned, and
then there was no place large enough
to dance IN.
"A new schoolhoaase was needed. Then
one day my husband met q bunch o.
settlers at the post0ffice, and he told
them he would cut the logs and have
them sawed, and pay for the saving.
II the other settlers would agree 30
haul the logs TO the schoolhouse and
hello put up the building. This they
agreed 10 do.
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1934-10-06

In All the length and breadth oT
mzamsana, there Is perhaps 10 single
aandmark thas was better kmown so
khe Baaekasc& Kmdlams IN the early
aays or TO the paameexs of tha4 part
ek the Northwest durAng che oaa
staging and frpighking days. than
Chief Mountain.
Situated four miles south o. the Can
adam border and plainly visible from
the north end Of st. A6ary's lake in
Glacier National park, this peculiarly
cone-shaped mountain holds many a
forgotten secret and Is the subject Of
many an interesting Indian legend.
Chief Mountain stands far out to the
east OF the main chain Of the Rockies.
appearing to rise from the plains very
abruptly, and around 1t Is woven more
Of the mysticism and history Of the
BIackfeet nation Of aborigines than is
associated with any other mountain
that stood within the domain claimed
by the warlike people. The saddest Of
these legendary stories Of this age-old
landmark was once told by one OF the
old Piegans chiefs. as follows:
In the old days. there was a young
man Of the Piegans who was noted for
his bravery in war. He soon became q
leader among the young men and, after
q time, he was made a chief.
About this time, he fell IN love with
Piegan maiden and married her. The
young couple were very much devoted
to each other, and the young chief, al
though he possessed enough horses TO
entitle him TO other wives; refused TO
take others, the two living alone.
Soon, the Piegans became engaged In
a bitter warfare against their always
enemies, the Crows. At first, the Pie
gans were successful, but there came 3
time when great war party that had
started out to punish the aggressors met
with disaster. The Grows killed the
entire party with the exception Of six,
who were each wounded.
This young chief was then called upon
20 head another party against the
Crows. out Of vengeance for the practi-
cal determination Of the previous force.
BE prepared an expedition. The morn
ing he was TO leave. his wife came to
him and informed him that If he went
st the head OF the war party, she must
also go. This ne forbade. and she in
turn said that If he went alone without
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1934-10-06

when making this proposition, my
husband added the provision that the
house should be used as a community
hall, for dinners, dances, picuics, Sum
day school, church or any other COM
munity function. There was some OPP
position to dancing, but that was swept
away.
1.-THE matter dragged along. One day
Blackstone met the homesteaders and
ranchers at the pogtoffice and asked
them when they were going to haul the
logs. Plenty of excuses were offered for
the delay.
"'Just drop the whole DEAL Black
stone said. These logs are all cut and
piled, and win make me a fine cabin.
Then he came home and told me all
about it.
Next morning shortly after day
Lght-it was Sunday morning several
teams and men appeared and began to
haul the logs away.
What are you doing?' my husband
shouted.
were getting out the logs for the
SchooIhouse," they replied defiantly. nay
husband laughed. "I1I be down and
help you with the building Monday,
ne said His bluff had worked / re-
member a Mrs. Nicholson, an old tim
er on the Dearborn, gave $50 to buy
glass and other additional material for
the building.
~After the building was completed
dances were held once or twice q
month. The room was about 80 feet
long and 20 feet wide-a large han for
those days. Most Of us were young
married folks. We brongE1t Cgr babies
The old schoolhouse was fitted up as q
kind OF nursery, stOreroom, and cook
shack. There we're hooks for our wraps.
Robes and blankets taken from sleds
made fine beds for the babies ana
there we're quite number Of them.
We made coffee In five-gaIIOn oil cans.
The carpenters made several saws
horses, with boards to fit, to be used
for tables.
AT midnight we would set up the Ia
bles and eat. Then we danced until
daylight If anybody got hungry, after
midnight. there was coffee, q slab Of
pie, or piece Of cake for the asking,
cut In the storeroom
Some Of the young men rode horse
back rs miles from Wolf Greek, and
some rode through the snow, 80 miles
from Augusta. Jud Cecrest fiddled for
US. He lived IS miles away, over ON
Flat creek. He played a concertina
and his wife played small organ. And
It was fine music. 1t was quite task
10 plan Tor dance, as we had 60 bring
50 much food, tablecIoths, cups and
Baucers also knives, forks and spoons.
I'VE all got along pretty well togekh-
er In those days. Sometimes the man
might have some disagreement during
the week and there might be 9 fight
or two. but when dance night came,
everything was friendly. Day husband
WAS floor manager az the dances
There never was roughhouss o. any
thing like that.