davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1934-05-20
Merchants Wage
Var on Sales Tax
In North Carolina
Farmers Fight Effort to
Repeal LeUy-SchOOI
System Benefits.
Ry the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
CHARLOTTE, N. c., May 49,
North Carolina is in the midst OF a
spirited controversy over its general
sales tax which opponents seek to
have repealed a. the forthcoming ses-
sion of the Legislature.
Merchants, for the most part, are
leading the repeal campaign being
waged from platforms in every section
of the State. Their objective Is 10
elect opposing legislators in such over
whelming numbers that the tax Will pe
killed.
Repeal sentiment is strong in the
industrial areas of Central and Pied
mont Carolina. But it's different
story in the eastern farming belt.
Many farmers believe the sales tax
materially relieves the burden of ad
valorem levies on land, and they are
doing some campaigning of their own,
although not so active as the mer-
chants.
willard L. Dowell, executive secre-
tary of the North Carolina Merchants
Association, says:
"All indications are that a subStan-
tial majority of the men elected to
the 1895 North Carolina Legislature
will be unalterably opposed to the
general sales tax, and in my opinion
advocacy of retaining it will be polit-
ical suicide"
Proponents are arguing that the 3
per cent tax, which individual mer-
chants must collect on retail sales, has
saved the State school system from a
financial crisis. However, the mer-
chants deny that contention.
Evening star., 1934-05-20

is buying at "a points scattered from
San Diego to Newark.
Since January l, it is estimated 975,-
900 head of hogs have been purchased
by the Government for the needy. Be-
sides this, 10000 were bought here last
Fall during the sellers strike" and
the yard workers strike. Including
pigs and sows removed from the mar
ket, the Government in about nine
months had purchased well over
1000, 900 head before the enlarged
buying of this week was inaugurated.
Buyers competing with Government
bidders interpreted the program as a
new attempt to drive the market high
er. Prices have been declining at the
rate of to Is cents weekly since
March l and are now almost 81 under
March quotations.
Hogs sold to the Relief Corporation
are tax free.
The number of hogs dressed in April
was 3,411 900, IL per cent greater than
that during March but smaller than In
any previous April since 1927. An even
greater reduction in the amount of
pork and lard produced was caused by
the fact that the average live weight
of hogs was under normal, probably
the lightest for any April in at least
Is years, packers figures show.
Secretary of Agriculture Wallace has
estimated approximately 100000, ZOO
pounds of pork have been eliminated
from commerce.
Lard stocks In cold storage May /
however, totaled 149 per cent more
than May LA year ago and So
per cent more than the five-year aver
| age for the first Of the months.
Evening star., 1934-05-20
WEST VIRGINIA SALES TAX BOON TO STATE TREASURY
STARUTZING LAND VALUES
ON SOUND BASIS is URGED
Regional Plan Association Recommends
Action to Prevent DemOraliza.
ton in Realty Field.

study was made, and he says the same
type of study might well be applied to
other cities, metropolitan regions and
in a more general way to State plan
ming
New Construction" at Halt
"New residential construction is
virtually at a standstill," says the
engineer. The return of prosperity
will normally bring new period OF
speculation and inflated land values.
Now, before this happens, is the cru
cial time to take stock of the situation
and to determine probable future re-
quirements of vacant land for actual
development
ANY light that can be thrown on
this heretofore neglected factor will
help to stabilize future values on a
sound basis. Drastic measures may be
needed to prevent effectively repeti-
ton of the disastrous cycle through
which We have just passed"
The report points to indications Of
a country wide trend toward popula-
ton stabilization, and in the New
York region a stabilization in the
year 1000 was indicated with the ulti-
mate population at more than 16,000,-
900.
Results of Survey.
The survey showed the 60-mile
region has per cent Of its land area
devoted to close residential develop
ment with an increase to 11.2 per
cent probable, although 81 per cent is
suitable for residential use. The aver
age density was 1913 families per
gross acre with a decrease to 10.2
families indicated About SO per cent
of the population in the region lives
within 10 miles of the New York City
Hall and 79 per cent within Is miles.
"A continuing decentralization of
residence should bring the former
down to SO per cent" the report
shows. but it is estimated that rs
per cent of the total would still be
within the 15-mile circle"
Conclusions in part show there is
no real problem involved in finding
sufficient and available land to house
the future population of the region:
the real problem is rather the limi-
tation of close residential development
in conformity with a comprehensive
plan for the best utilization Of the
land resources of the entire region.
Demand Should Fix Value.
Subdivision of vacant land in
amounts far in excess or in advance
of its need for residential use should
not only be discouraged but prevented
Residential land values and the
taxes placed upon it should both be
based on the probable demand for its
use and not on the assumption that
any area physically suited for develop
ment will necessarily be needed for
that purpose.
Maximum permissible densities OF
population upon residential areas
should be established for different
parts Of the region.
THE indiscriminate cutting up OF
raw land into building lots, when car
ried to excess, results in large areas OF
partially settled residential districts.
with inordinately high costs for street
paving. water. sewers, gas and elec-
tricity."
Evening star., 1934-05-20
II Pct. of Rural
Homes Lack Paint,
Surrey Reveals
Large Number of South
Carolina Houses Called
Extremely Primitive"
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
COLUMBIA, S. c., May 1e.-Seven-
ty-one per cent of the farm houses in
five typical" South Carolina counties
are extremely primitive, lacking even
paint, the State Agricultural Depart
ments Bureau of Home Economics re-
ported
Investigators employed BY the bu-
reau visited 22,445 homes and found
$4,000 were simple, weather-beaten
frame structures which had never
felt a paint brush.
5000 Have Water.
Only 5000 were equipped with run
ming water, even on the porch, and
the number with kitchen sinks was
limited to 1,043.
Other findings of the survey in
cluded these:
There were $3.50 built more than
80 years ago and the construction of
8,739 dated others back Is years.
The foundations of 1913 had rotted
away and 1900 others were in need
OF foundation repairs.
There were 1886 roofs leaking bad
ly and 4,408 were beyond repair.
5000 Fire Hazards.
There were 6,73s chimneys classified
as fire hazards.
The floors of II 1877 were little bet
ter than the bare earth.
Aside from the 5000 homes equip
ped with running water, residents had
to carry water from open wells and
springs for distances ranging from 200
feet upward. Some were found get
ting drinking water from creeks and
rivers.
Concluding the report, the surveyors
wrote:
Too often the door must be left
open for light, no matter what the
weather, because 9,67S houses had
windows needing repairs and 4,202
either were without windows or they
had been boarded up.
In these times Of enlightenment
and public health education it would
seem to the general public that win
dow and door screens were standard
equipment for every house. Yet the
survey revealed 16, 6,408 were without
screens and 2,445 had screens in need
Of repair"
Evening star., 1934-05-20
FIRST MONTHS REVENUE
ASSURES BUDGET NEEDS
100000 April Total Expected to Climb
on Later Returns 100000 Pre-.
dicted by June, 1885.

ident, to succeed Dr. Roy Ben Miller
of Parkersburg.
DR.. A. B. Scott of Huntington was
named president of the West Virginia
State Optometric Association.
William E. Rogers of Big Bend, CAL
houn County, was shot to death by
Sergt. E. S. Duckworth of State police
at Fairmont in resisting arrest.
Announcement was made of plan
of the Federal Government to develop
an experimental community service
center in WEIGH. designed to train
needy persons to do jobs for them
selves that otherwise would cost
money.
E. V. Babcock. Pittsburgh lumber
man, donated 5000 acres of noun
tain woodlands to the State of West
Virginia for one of three new State
parks in Fayette County.
Evening star., 1934-05-20
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
~ ICHMOND, Va. May ia
- national battlefield park on
the site where the war be-
tween the States ended will
be proposed for Endorsement
of the Sons of Confederate Veterans
in their thirty-ninth convention at
Chattanooga June 6, and s.
A resolution recommending the
park development will come as a
climax to the controversy over
whether the battlefield of Appomat-
tox should be marked with monu-
ment as already provided by an act
of Congress, or whether 1t should be
made a national park.
The recommendation will be made
by a special Sons of Confederate Vet
erans' Committee named to investi-
gate and report on a suitable memo
rial to mark perpetually the field on
which the Confederates finally yielded
to overpowering strength and num-
bers of the Federals.
The Sons will act also on a reso-
luton urging rejection by State Leg
islatures of what it terms the mis-
named" child Labor amendment, and
the "rebuke of those thoughtless or
designing persons who would place SO
limitless a power in the hands of
bureaucratic Federal rulers"
Evening star., 1934-05-20
Park Proposed on Site Where
War BetlUeen the States Ended
Sons of Confederate Veterans Viii Act
on Plan at annual Contention in
Chattanooga Next Month.

Meanwhile. elaborate preparations
are being made here for the conven-
ton by Walter L. Hopkins, command
er in chief, who today, in general
orders No. 8, announced his NON
resident sponsorial staff" which is to
serve him at the meeting. to be held
simultaneously with the forty fourth
reunion of the United Confederate
Veterans.
Members of the sponsorial staff are:
Miss Mary Cleveland Earle of Green
vile, S. c., sponsor in chief; Mrs. Will
liam R. Dancy of Savannah. Ga,
matron of honor in chief; Mrs. Glenn
ent Wood of New York City, chap
eron in chief: Miss Louise Currie
Gunter of Oklahoma City, maid of
honor in chief; Miss Anne E. Howell,
Washington, D. c., maid of honor in
chief, and Miss Jane Sharp of Atlanta,
Ga, maid of honor in chief.
Comor. Hopkins said Miss Earle.
his sponsor in chief, is the daughter
of Dr. and Mrs. Curran B. Earle of
Greenville. mo one in the entire
South is more entitled to this great
honor than Mss Earle" he said "her
ancestors were among South Caro-
linas leaders of the War of the Revo-
luton, and her veins course with the
blood of the sons Of the Cincinnati.
Her two grandfathers, peerless gentle
men of the old South, entered the
service of the Confederacy at the age
of Is, where they earned distinction"
Evening star., 1934-05-20
FOUR CANDIDATES, TWO NAMES
CONFUSING IN OKLAHOMA VOTE

The other Jack Walton runs a farm
near Turley, and is known to his
neighbors as E. j. Walton, or Ezra. u
But the -" stands for Jack and
that's the way he intends to be known
as a candidate.
May Devise New Rule.
He lives in a plain farm home with
his wife and five children. He is SO
years old.
Il have never run for Office before, "
Farmer Jack announced. 1T is time
we had some one in there who did
something"
He added that he was mot related
to the j. C. Walton who was i'm
peached."
No provision ever has been made
for identifying Oklahoma political
candidates on the ballot by any means
save their names. In view Of the cir
cumstances this year, however, the
Election Board indicated it might de-
part from previous practice.
Evening star., 1934-05-20
SECRETS Of SEA
BUR|EDBY SWAMP
Professor Says North Caro-.
lima Probe Will Clear Up
Age-oId Mysteries.

HARRISONBURG, Va, May 19
R.-Geologists could learn much
about the Atlantic coast line of pre-
historic times by excavating in the
Great Dismal Swamp of North Caro-
lima, in the opinion of Prof. E. c.
Cooke Of the University of Virginia.
Undoubtedly it was once . part OF
the sea floor and its evolution to
grassy marsh and finally dense jungle
could be traced by the diatoms and
pollen grains of plants preserved in
it's underlying peat bed. he told the
Virginia Academy of Science here
recently.
He believes eXcavators would find
the original sandy bed of the ocean
far under the peat layer. If that
proved true, he would regard it as
conclusive evidence the continental
the sea for ages.
BY the same theory he concludes
that the sites of Norfolk, Portsmouth
and other Virginia coastal cities once
were deep in the ocean.
Furthermore, he believes the age
that witnessed the rising of the sea
floor and the formation of timber
bearing land could be determined by
the rings on tree fossils buried in
the 10-foot peat layer.
Prof. Cooke is of the opinion the
excavations might give evidence of
drastic climatic changes. If the tree
fossils were found to be of a tropical
nature, it would be concluded modern
Virginia once was a part of the
tropics.
And, on the other hand, it is re-
garded as possible the fossils might
show the swamp was conceived in the
Frigid Zone and gradually took on
characteristics of the Temperate Zone
after passage of the Ice Age.
Evening star., 1934-05-20
PRESIDENTS HOME
COUNTY OPPOSES
HIM IN STRAW POLL
Poughkeepsie Republicans
Vote Straight Ticket
as Fathers Did.

POUGHKEEPSIE, N. Y, May 10
(NAN.A) Few in this city and in
Dutchess County were surprised at the
first results of the Literary Digest
straw vote, that shows PoughkeepSie
alone of nine cities in New York and
New Jersey opposing President Roose-
velt's new deal policies.
To the world outside this rural
community It may seem strange that
Dutchess County, as represented by
the larger Of its two cities, should
seem cool to its native son, for the
President was born and lives at Hyde
Park, only 7 miles from here, but to
local residents it's just an old Gus
tom-voting against Mr.. Roosevelt
and his policies.
The county is proud of its out
standing citizen, it welcomes him
with large turnouts whenever he
comes home and accords him en-
thuSiastic receptions, but, when elec-
ton day rolls around most of his
good Republican friends vote the
straight ticket, just as their fathers
and grandfathers have done.
DutcheSs persists in spelling its
name with the archaic 1t" and that
is as good an indication as any that
it is "Sot" in its ways. The prin-
cipal trouble with Mr.. Roosevelt, in
the eyes of his county neighbors. is
that he is a Observation-Disclosures he S
a pretty fine fellow. Republicanism
is ingrained in Dutchess from way
back. Since the Civil War it never
has gone Democratic in a national
election and the city Of PoughkeepSie
has broken faith with its fathers by
voting for just one Democratic presi-
Dental candidate-Woodrow Wilson
carried it in 1912 by about 400 votes.
When Frank" Roosevelt ran for
President, the county and city re-
manned true to Herbert Hoover and
gave the Republican candidate 5000
majority, about 1000 less than the
other Republican candidates received.
Even Hyde Park, the Presidents own
town, turned him down, although he
managed to carry his own district,
the third, by five votes-484 to 479.
But Mr.. Roosevelt has managed to
carry the county on various occasions
in 1910 and 1912, when he was a
candidate for State Senate, and, in
1880, when he sought the governor
ship the second time. That makes
honors just even, because he lost the
county when he ran in 1920 for Vice
President with Cox, in 1928 for Gov
ernor and in 1882 for President.
Later returns in the straw ballot
on the new deal may change the
trend and the vote locally may end in
favor of Mr.. Roosevelts policies. but
it will be regarded hereabouts an un-
usual occurrence.
Evening star., 1934-05-20
LA AFOLLETTES MAY
BLAZE NEW TRAIL
IN STATE POLITICS
Brothers May Launch Ma
tionaI Progressive Party
This Year.
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
MADISON, Wis, May 19.-This
years political campaign in Wiscon-
sin may find the young La Toilette
brothers, Senator Bob and former
Gov. Phil, abandoning the Republican
party and blazing new political trail
under the name of National Progress
Sive party.
The sons of the late Senator Robert
M. La Toilette face what is, perhaps,
the most far-reaching decision they
have ever been called to make.
Third-party sentiment in the La
Toilette camp has been ripening sew
eral years. The left-wing leaders, al
though they always have been found
in the Republican primary column,
never have been reconciled with Re-
publican doctrines as they are gener-
ally understood. They frequently sup
ported Democratic national tickets.
Court Clears Way.
This year. on home ground, they
found fault with Republicans and
Democrats alike. Philip La Toilette,
nosed out after one term as Governor,
was reported ambitious for a come
back, but dubious Of attempting it,
with his elder brother also up for re-
election, unless new party organiza-
ton could be created.
Dissatisfied farm groups, among
whose members are many of the La
Toilette faithful, provided strong
third party demand, which has re-
suited in a Supreme Court construc-
ton of the election laws clearing the
way for such venture.
The only apparent possibility of
stalling it off this year is the COM
paratively short time the leaders will
have before the primary campaign to
set up formal organization.
Senator La Toilette once stated
that if the Progressive faction wants a
new party he is willing to go along,
although rumor had him preferring
the Republican column this year.
The Democratic administration at
Washington made no move to sup
port him. He is now said to be pre-
pared to accept the third party.
Many political observers-from all
camps-believe the new party is the
only vehicle by which Philip La Fol-
lette will seek a return to public life
in 1894. He would be the outstand-
ing, if not the only, candidate for
Governor on such ticket.
A strong regular Republican organi-
zation, coupled with the loss of some
former Democratic strength, cut
Phil's career short in 1892
New-party spokesmen, confident OF
success, are wondering what to call
the new organization. Farmer-Labor
party has been suggested, but no
name is likely to be adopted that will
omit the aged-in-the wood PRO
gressive" label. AS an inducement to
other States the name National Pro-
gressive party" is favored.
Evening star., 1934-05-20
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press
"A YEW YORK, May 19.-Stabili-
N zation Of future land values
VI on a sound basis to prevent
i decentralization in the realty
field is recommended in re-
port of the Regional Plan Association
here.
Now is the crucial time to determine
future requirements, believes the as
sociation, which recently completed
such an analysis for the 60-mile area
of New York containing about 12.000,-
900 persons, the largest population
area in the world.
This is the first study which has
attempted to determine for such a
large area the definite amounts of
new land which probably will be re-
quired to house its future population. 4"
said Harold NJ Lewis, engineer of the
association under whose direction the
Evening star., 1934-05-20
Prize Egg-LaYer.

CHIPLEY, Fla. (P).-A white Leg
horn hen entered in a Florida egg.
laying contest must believe in more
and bigger eggs. She produced ia
in five months and then topped OF
her performance by laying one that
weighed 5 ounces.
Evening star., 1934-05-20
TWO PREHISTORIC
TYPES DISCOVERED
Excavations in Florida Cast
Scientific Light on First
Inhabitants.
BY the Associated Press.

ORMOND BEACH, Fla. May 49,
Prehistoric tourists" who went to
Florida from the North and decided to
stay, and two different prehistoric hu-
man races that inhabited the penin-
sula at different times have been
revealed by archaeological excavations
recently completed here.
They enable scientists for the first
time to reconstruct the history of Flor
ida before the coming of the white
man. The excavations, at six selected
points, were made by C. w. A. workers
under direction of Matthew w. Stirling
of the Smithsonian Institution.
Small, Then Large.
Stirling found definite evidence there
were two prehistoric peoples in Florida.
The first and earlier inhabitants were
a small, light-boned race, slight of
build.
They were succeeded by larger race
with massive, heavy-boned bodies.
They had been until now the better
known of Floridas prehistoric races.
The two types of people can be readily
identified by the skeletons dug up by
the eXcavators.
1t is quite likely. Stirling believes,
that the big-boned race may have
driven out or destroyed the light
weight people by virtue Of their supe-
rior physical strength.
Northern Indians Went South.
The second point settled by the ex-
cavations is that Florida's prehistoric
Indian cultures originated much far
ther North, indicating that the region
probably was settled by Northern In
dams moving South. Tools and other
relics found in the Florida excavations
have an unmistakable resemblance to
many similar objects unearthed as far
AID AGicca,lri
Evening star., 1934-05-20
To Honor Explorer.

SALT LAKE CITY CP.-Explora-
tion Of Salt Lake Valley in l841 by
Father De Smet, Catholic mission
ary, will be commemorated by the
erection Of q monument.
Evening star., 1934-05-20
Axiom Revised as Warning.

NASHVILLE, Tenn. CR-On a
street corner in this city there Is a
traffic sign that reads: Warning !!
ChildrfIs should be seen and not
hurt
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1934-06-01
LEGION PAGEANT-"ARABIAN
NIGHTS"

This is the first production Of
arabian Nights" in the United
States, according to the records of
John T. Hall, director of the Ken
nett Legion Pageant. A cast Of 250
is now in rehearsal for the presenta-
ton at Longwood, with Fountains
display, city square in area, on
June 81, %, %, rs, 26, 27.
The selected Oriental stories, elab-
orately staged in three episodes:
"Scheherazade," "Sinbad" and cal
ladin," each with many scenes, are
offered in dialogue, pantomine,
dance, and with readers and a Is
piece orchestra.
In response to hundreds of re-
quests, reserved seats are available
for the initial time at these annual
Longwood entertainments. The
mail address is: Legion Pageant,
Box l, Kenneth Square, Pa.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1934-06-01
EDWIN w. CLIFFORD

Edwin w. Clifford died suddenly
at his home in Philadelphia, on
Monday, May %. He was the son
of the late Samuel and Sarah Gift
ford and was born in Centerville,
Pa, in 1856. The greater part OF
his young manhood was spent in
Cecil county. For the past twenty
years he had been associated with
the Fidelity Trust Company, Phila-
delphia.
He is survived by his wife, who
was Miss Lettie Callahan, OF Phila-
delphia, and two sisters, Mrs. John
P. Wilson, Rising Sun, and Mrs. Ell
lie s. F. Mitchell, of Philadelphia.
Funeral services were held We'd
nesday, May 80, at his late home,
1922 N. 41st steet, Philadelphia, at
$50 p m. Interment was made
the next day at Harrington, Del.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1934-06-01
,CHAs. s. PYLE
Insurance
RISING SUN, MARYLAND
NOTICE TO CREDITORS

This is to give notice that the
subscriber, of Cecil County, has OBJ
tanned from the Orphans Court of
said County, letters of administra-
ton on the personal estate OF
ANNE BALDERSTON
late of said county, deceased. All
persons having claims against the
said deceased are hereby warned to
exhibit the same, with the vouchers
thereof duly authenticated, on or be-
fore the 18th day of November, "a
they may otherwise by law, be ex-
cluded from all benefit Of said es-
tate. ALI indebted to said estate are
requested to make immediate pay
ment to the subscriber.
Given under my hand and seal
this 7th day of May, 1884.
LLOYD BALDERSTON,
Executor.
Test: R. J. McCauley, Register.