davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
YoungstownskeÌ SlovenskeÌ noviny = Youngstown Slovak news. (Youngstown, Ohio) 1910-1940, 1934-10-05
Rec prezidenta Roosevelta k narodu

lnych odboroch podnikania, ako
su pozicky na tarmy a na do
my; pozlcky zeleznicnym a po-
LIST t'uJuclm spolocnostiam, a, ko-
necne poskytnutim pomoci ma
JlLel'om domov a tiez samemu
prlemyslu.
Vo vsetkych tychto t'azko-
stiach vIada priskoclla na po-
moe a uplnym ocakavanlm, re
.akto pozlcane peniaze budu
Aeaysi vratene. A veri, re budu.
Druhym krokom, ktory SINE
urobili na obnovenie normalne-
no obchodneho podnikania bo-
10 dokladne vycistenie pomerov
ma poll investicnom. V tomto
nam pomahall mnohi bankari a
oDcnodnlci, ktorych vacsina
uznava zla bankoveho systemu,
predavania cennych papierov,
schvalneho posmel' l'ovania do
gemblovania ia burzach, preda-
vania bezcennych morgicov a
lnych praktlk, v ktorych obe-
censtyo ztratlo biiony dolarov.
Oni videli, re bez zmien v sp0-
soDoch lnvestovanla nemOze
Dyt' navratu dovery. l'udu v
Dezpecnost' 1spor.
hraJina teraz w ma bezpec-
most bankovych 1spor dPa no.
vych bankovych zakonoy, po-
zorne vysetrenie novych CEN
nycn paplerov podla zakona o
cennych papieroch a obmedze-
ME vel ,kych spekulacii uca-
stinami zakonom o kupceni s L.
castinami.
ia Sd uprimne nadejem, re
i'ud bude odteraz znechut'ova-
ny namahat' sd zbohatnut' ry-
chic spekulovanlm ucastinami.
triemerna osoba temer vzdy
prehra. Len vel'mi mala men
slna l'udi tejto krajiny veri v
gemblovacku ako nahradu "a
staru filozofiu Benjamina Fran
klina, re praca je cestou k zbo-
natnutiu.
Ma rozl1stenie problemov o.
zdravenia, priemyslu, hlavnym
nastrojom vlady bola Narodna
ozdravna administrators (NRA).
Pod jej vedenim vyse 80 per-
cent priemyselnych podnikov
prijalo kody cestnej sdt'aze,
ktore boly udobrene preziden.
tom. Pod tymito k6dami v prize
mysli, detska praca bola zruse-
ma. Denna praca a robotny tyz-
den boly skratene. Minimalne
mzdy holy ustanovene a inc
mzdy boly zyysene ma zlepsenie
lrovne zitia.
NaJvacsim ciePom NRA bolo
dat pracu robotnikom a cd "a
lozenia NRA vyse styri miliony
robotnikov bolo znovuzamest-
name, vel'kej casti skrz koope-
raciu americkeho priemyslu,
sjednoteneho pod k6dami.
Osoh programu priemysel-
neho ozdravenia prisiel nielen
robotnikom vo forme noveho
zamestnania, pol 'ahcenf prace
a povyseni mzdy, ale i Matte
Pom a spravcom priemyslu, le-
DO s vel'kym zvysenim sa W.
plat, prisiel j pozoruhodny
vzrast ziskov - vzrast def
citovych cislic v prvom stvrt'-
roci 1888 ma stupen skutocnych
behom jedneho roku po
zalozeni NRA.
Nema sa ocakavat', ze by j
zamestnane robotnfctvo kapi-
tai boly spokojne 8 panuj1cimi
pomerami. Zamestnanf robotni-
q nemaj1 este tie. zArobky, AXE
mali ' lepsfch casoch, ackol'vek
miliony pod-privilegovanych ro-
botnikov je teraz omnoho lep-
he platene, nezli kedykol'vek
Tick biliony dolarov investo-
"a I I M 2s.tA
kapitAlu ma dnes va6-
iin istotu prftomnej 4 buddcej
.fsob q bkoysj sily nexi predt m.
YoungstownskeÌ SlovenskeÌ noviny = Youngstown Slovak news. (Youngstown, Ohio) 1910-1940, 1934-10-05

xident Roosevelt nasledujucu
re6 k narodu po radiu:
Moi priatelia:
Tri mesiace presly, ako som
hovoril ku vam po odroceni
kongresu. Dnes pokracujem v
svojej zprave, ackolvek, pre-
kratkost' casu, muslin odlozit'
niektore predmety ma druhy
raz.
Najpozoruhodnejsie otazky,
ktore ga mas vsetkych nedavno
tykaly, maly docinenia prize
myslom robotnictvom, a O.
hladom tychto vyskytly sa j.
ste veci, ktore povazujem "a w.
xnamne.
Som st. astny, ze mozem ozna-
init, ze po rokoch neistoty, Wy
vrcholenej sruteni sa nasho
hospodarstva ma jari 1888, pri-
vadzame poriadok 20 stareho
xmatku s vacSou istotou zamest-
mania pre- robotnictvo so slus-
nejsou mzdou a hojnejsieho OBJ
chodu dobrym ziskom. Tento
vyvin dava nam nadej ma move
a0sp, "hy.
liza sa m0zu r0znit' OIL a.
Cor zasahov vlady do priemy-
sln j 0bchodu, ale skoro vse-
stci silhlasia, 5e privatne podni-
kaJl V casoch, ako sl tieto, ne
lnaz byt' ponechane bez vlad-
nel ,omoci q ochrany, lebo j.
nae nohly by znicit' nielen sc.
pa. lie al mas civilizacny po-
ssEllp
z kladna potreba k tymto
zss hom je tax silna teraz, a.
kou bola pred rokami, ked' E.
ihu Root povedal nasledovne
vel'mi pozoruhodne slova:
Manifesto obycajneho kup-
cenia medzi jednotlivcami, o.
hromna sila organizacie sl1cila
vei'ke hromady kapitalu do OBJ
Eroyskych priemyselnych podni-
EkoV, pracuj1cich skrz rozsiahle
agencie obchodu a zamestnava-
j0eieh vel'ke massy l'udu vo
xohe rozvazani a predavani
" takom naramnom mnozstve,
= kazdy jednotivec, maj1ci s
mimi docinenia, je temer celkom
bexmocny.
Vzt'ahy medzi zamestnava-
t&fmi q zamestnancami, medzi
ajitepmi nahromadeneho ka-
pitilu q celkami organizovane-
Rho robotnictva, medzi malo-
priemyselnikom, maloobchodni-;
kom, spotrebovatePom, a vel-
ktmi prevoznymi, vyrobnymi q
predavaj1cimi agenciami,
y5etky podavajd move otazky,
A. roxl1stenie ktorych stare
p pliehanie sa ma vol'ne rozho.
cvanie jednotlivcov zda ga
elkom nedostatocnym.
g 4 Y mnohych smeroch "a
pk tel organizovanej kontro-
ktOr1 menujeme vladou, zda
Erebnym ma docielenie tych
ch vysledkov spravodlivo-
y spravneho chovania sa, a.
0ly docielene kedysi u jed
recv baznou pred hrie-
40 tomto duchu, OPT
jomnikom Rootom, v
SINE sa priblizili k iilo-
ivenia s1kromneho podni-
III N marci 1888. Nasim pr
roblemom, pravdaze, boz
a&cia bank, lebo, ako zna-
nky ga sr1tily. Niektore
nemohly byt' zachrane-
vel'ka vacsina mich,
srojimi ylastntmi pro-
kAmi alebo ylAdnou po-
u vr&tily q do dovery O.
IVA. Toto dalo bezpe6-
ilionom vkladatel'ov Vi
= banklch.
2 touto vel'kou kon-
Don pr&cou, xachr&nili
~ lpfetyom yiaeer5ch
~ d11nf
YoungstownskeÌ SlovenskeÌ noviny = Youngstown Slovak news. (Youngstown, Ohio) 1910-1940, 1934-10-05
YoUNGsToWNsKE sIOvENsKE NovNY

Zamestnavatel', ktory sa od-
vracia cd nestrannych agencii
mieru, ktory nedava slobodu
organizovania svojim zamest-
nancom alebo ktory sa nepok1-
81 o pokojne vyriesenie sporov,
nepodporuje dplne snahy vlady
0 ozdravenie hospodarskych po-
merov.
Robotnfci, ktori sa odvratia
cd tychto istych nestrannych
agencii a odoprd pouzit' ich do
brych sluzieb, ably dosiahli svo-
jich ciel'ov, tiez nekooperujd L.
pine so svojou vladou.
Je cas-, ably SINE sa pousilova-
Ii priviest' svornost' medzi spra-
YOU priemyslu a robotnictvom,
ktora je jednym z .velkych cie-
l'ov ozdravneho zakona. Wac
ako rok poueovania presiel. S
kroka ma krok utvorili SINE vse-
tky vladne agencie, potrebne na
zalstenie priemyselneho mieru,
so spravodlivost'ou pre- vset-
kych, ktori su ochotni pouzit'
tychto agencil, kedykol'vek ich
dobrovol'ne vyjednavanie nema
ziadlcneho vysledku.
Preto zamysl'am poradit' sa
v prichodiacom mesiaci so "a
stupcami vel 'kych zamestnava-
telov a zastupcami velkych
skupin organizovaneho robotni-
ctva a budem ziadat' cd mich
kooperaciu ustanoveni zvlast-
nej probnej dolby priemyselne-
no mieru.
Nebudem ziadat' AMI cd "a
mestnavatelov ami cd zamest-
nancov, aby sa svojich zbranl
vzdali navzdy. Ale budem zia-
dat cd oboch skupin, ably dali
prilezitost' vyprobovat' pokoj-
ne sposoby vyrovnavania svo-
jich sporov mienkovych a zauj-
movych to ma dost' dlh1 do
bu, pre- scivilizovanie nasej
priemyselnej civilizacie.
Tesno spolceny s NRA je pro-
gram verejnych prac, urceny
dat pracu cim Wac robotnikom
priamo ma pracach a nepriamo
robotnikom v priemysloch, do
davajucich materiale na tieto
verejne prace.
Tym, ktori hovoria, ze nase
vydavky ma verejne prace a j.
ne sposoby zlepsenia pomerov
s1 marnenim, ktore 81 nem6zme
dovolit', odpoyedam, ze ziadna
krajina, akokol'vek bohata, ne
moze 81 dovoit' marnit' svoji-
mi l'udskymi prostriedkami. De-
moralizacia, zapricinena obrov-
skou nezamestnanost'ou, je ma
sim najvacsim marnenim. MIRA
vne, je to najvacsie nebezpecie
nasmu spolocenskemu poriadku.
Niektori Pudia mi chc1 naho-
vorit', ze sa musfme uspokojit'
S vyhladmi trvalej nezamest-
Danosti milionov robotn1kov, a.
ko je tomu v inych krajinach
uz Wac ako desat'rocie. Co je
potrebne pre- tie krajiny, je ME
mojou zodpovednost 'ou rozho-
dovat'. Ale GO sa tyka nase;
krajiny, stojfm alebo padam
mojim odopretfm prijat' ako
podmienku naSei budncnosti
stalu armadu nezamestnanych.
Naopak, musime prijat' "a
narodn1 zasadu, ze nebudeme
trpiet vel'kl armadu nezamest-
nanych a ze usporiadame nase
narodne hospodarstvo ma ukon-
Genie terajsej nezamestnanosti
co najskorej a potion podujme-
me m1dre kroky proti jej ma
vratu. ia nechcem mysliet', ze
je osudom ktorehokol'vek Ame-
rikana zostat' navzdy v radoch
nezamestnanych.
Tych ma st'astie len niekoP.
ko jednotlivcov, ktori sa boja
smelych rozhodnutf, sa zaluje,
re vsetko, co SINE urobili, bolo
nepotrebne a nesie v sebe ne
bezpecie rizika. Teraz, ked' w
tito ludia vychodia 20 svojich
pivnic, zab1daj1, ze SINE mali
YoungstownskeÌ SlovenskeÌ noviny = Youngstown Slovak news. (Youngstown, Ohio) 1910-1940, 1934-10-05

A sice pre- ustanovenie cestnych
sposobov s1t'aze a zastavenie
necestnej snt'aze, zahrnujlcej
snizovanie mzdy, Go oslabuje
trhy a niei nakupnl silu.
Ale je neodskriepitel'nym
faktom, ze umoznenie inym BIZ
lionom dobrych investfcif zara-
bat zisk nemoze byt' uskutoc-
meme behom jedneho roka. Met
carovnej formuly, MET hospo-
darskeho lieku, ktory moze "a
jednu noe ozivit' t'azky prize
mysel a obchod odvisly cd ne
no.
Vzdor tomu, naprava prize
mysi a obchode, co celku, bola
podstatna. v tejto naprave je
uistenie, ktore potuzuje vset-
kych vopred hl'adiacich rudi
doverou, re definitivne prebu-
duyame mas politicky a hospo-
darsky system podpa zasad No
veho Nadel'u - zasad, ktore s1
v uplnej shode so zasadami l'u-
dovej vlady, akd Amerikani
pozadovali, odkedy prvy biely
clovek prisiel na tieto brehy.
My ratame v budlcnosti, a.
ko minulosti, ma pohanaciu
silu iniciativy jednotlivca a ma
popud privatneho zisku, posil.
neneho prijatim tych zavazkov
voci zaujmom verejnosti, kto-
re spoeivaj1 ma mas vsetkych.
Name pravo oeakavat', ze tato
pohanacia sila bude venovana
vlastenecky a celym srdcom
nasmu narodu. 49,.
Uz SINE presi cez utvaraciu
dobu robenie k6dov v NRA
a SINE previedli reorganizaciu
NRA, ably vyhovela potrebam
buddcej fay, ktora bude do
bou priprav k vyneseniu zako-
nov, ktore rozhodnd o jej trva-
cej forme.
V tejto reorganizacii rozozna-
Ii ssme tri odlisne funkcie. Prva
je zakonodarna alebo smer ur-
| cujuca funkcia. Druha je ad-
ministrativna funkcia robenia
kodov a ich oprav, tretia je
sudobna funkcia, ktora zahrnu-
je uplatnovanie, ponosy spotre-
bovatepov a urovnavanie spo-
rov medzi zamestnavatel mi a
zamestnancami a medzi jednym
zamestnavatelom a druhym.
Teraz sme uz hotovi vojst' do
druhej fay ma zaklade nasich
zkusenosti v prvej faze pod
schopnym a energetickym vod.
covstvom generala Johnsona.
My budeme bystro pozoro.
vat chod tejto novel masinerie
druhej fazy NRA, zmeniac ju,
kde bude potrebna zmena a po-
tom podame navrhy kongresu,
zeby funkcie NRA, ktore doka-
zaly svoju hodnotu, staly sa
ciastkou tryacej masinerie Via
dy.
Dovol'te mi upozornit' vas
ma fakt, ze zakon narodneho
priemyselneho ozdravenia dial
priemyselnikom a obchodnikom
prllezitost', ktor1 hl'adali uz
roxy, ma zlepsenie obchodnych
pomerov prostrednictyom samo-
spravy priemysli.
Jesti napisane k6dy s1 pri-
moe kompikovane, ak zasly
prid'aleko v takych veciach, a.
ko je urcovanie Glen a obme-
dzovanie vyroby, mech je pama-
tame, re nakolko len bolo MOI
ne a d6sledne so zaujmami We
rejnosti tohto roku, a s potre'
bami zlepsenia pomerov robot
nictva, zastupcom obchodu a
priemyslu bolo dovolene vpisat
svoje idey do k6dov.
Ia poslednych dvanast' me.
siacov nase priemyselne ozdra.
venie bolo trochu potisnute ma.
zad strajkami, z ktorych ME.
ktore boly vel'keho yyznamu
ia nebudem zmensovat' skody
povstale zamestnavatel lom, "a
YoungstownskeÌ SlovenskeÌ noviny = Youngstown Slovak news. (Youngstown, Ohio) 1910-1940, 1934-10-05

Joliet, III, ucitelka ' Skole ".
Stefana ' Johnstown, Pa; tre-
tim Dol Stanislav, teraz VI op&t
opAtstva sv. Andreja V Cleve-
land, O.; stvrtA, sestra Edwar-
da, tiez Z r&du sv. Frantiska 2
Joliet, Ill, ktora zomrela pred
troma rokmi; plata, Jozeffna,
manzelka Alberta Podracky Y
Johnstown, Pa; siesta, Anna,
manzelka Jozefa Goga ' Cleve-
land, o.. a siedmy Anton '
Johnstown, Pa. Osme diet'a 70
,mrelo v mladom veku.
Gmucovci boil tych prvych,
Go videli potrebu slovenskej O.
sadly Johnstowne a sd xakla-
datel'mi osady sv. Stefana. Pan
Gmuca je tiez zakladatel'om G.
%. llKSJ., ktoremu podnes sld-
Ii ako jeho predseda. Jednym
siovom, boil cd zalozenia osady
az podnes cinni spolkovom a
osadnom zivote, a medzi svoji-
mi rodakmi, ako al medzi ne
Slovakmi sl cteni vazeni. A
mono povedat', ze sa vel'mi ra-
dujl z toho, ze ich Frantisek
sa stal Stanislavom a prvym
slovenskym opatom v Amerike,
a ze i'm mily pan Bob doprial
toho st'astia a zdravia zlcast-
nit sa jeho posviacky v Cleve-
lande.
Johnstownsk& potope.
YoungstownskeÌ SlovenskeÌ noviny = Youngstown Slovak news. (Youngstown, Ohio) 1910-1940, 1934-10-05

Rodicia najdp. opata Stani-
slava Gmucu, O.S.B., a sice o
tee Martin, narodil sa v Kluk-
nave, ma Spisi, a matka Maria
YoungstownskeÌ SlovenskeÌ noviny = Youngstown Slovak news. (Youngstown, Ohio) 1910-1940, 1934-10-05

Johnstownsk& potopa.
Gmucovci zazili al zlych Ca
SOW, nielen dobrych. Obaja boil
svedkami toho vel 'keho nest'a-
stia a obom hrozilo nebezpecie
Evening star., 1934-09-08

Farm Situation Serious.
Japan's agricultural situation con-
tinues serious, with farm debts heavy.
Evening star., 1934-09-08
FAITH IN HOMES
INSPIRES BUYER
Real Estate Board Says
Several Surveys Were
Made on Subject.

Most people who purchase homes
do 90 because they believe In home
ownership" q survey made recently
by the College Of Commerce, Depauw
University. and published In the cur
rent issue Of the Washington Realtor,
reveals.
The Washington Real Estate Board,
which publishes the Realtor. points
out that several surveys have been
made recently TO determine the un-
DERIVING motive prompting home pur-
chase.
The College Of Commerce survey
covered 567 families and each was
asked to rank the reasons in order
Of importance to them. About so
Of the families were IN the well-to-do
class and the balance comprised
good group Of middle-class purchasers.
Reason Given by $50.
Inspired by the belief in home own
ership which appears to still be the
underlying motive impelling the pur-
chase Of q home. $50 persons gave
this reason. Social conditions were
evidenced by the importance given
to advantages for children" as l21
persons gave this as the prime con-
sideration. This naturally includes
places for recreation and the avail
ability Of good educational facilities.
The third highest group Of replies,
numbering 81, responded to the ques-
ton TO get place Of our own" and
the spirit Of thrift was expressed by
some So persons in reporting they
could save money by owning q home"
That settled feeling" brought in
the nth largest response and showed
that many have learned the owner
Evening star., 1934-09-08

ship Of . home adds TO the sense Of
security and well being Of It's cccu-
pants.
other questions touching upon GER
tain points made UP the balance OF
the Ia questions covered In the Col
lege OF Commerce survey, and 1t is
interesting TO learn that approximate
ly IS per cent of the replies were
made by the feminine members OF the
family. On q small number Of the
College Of Commerce survey reports
both Dad" and Mother" made out
an independent list Of rankings. On
these. Mother" seemed TO be more
interested in advantages for chill
dren," greater privacy" and "a bet
ter neighborhood." On the other
hand. Father" was interested in
home ownership" that settled feel
ing" and advantages for children"
Another survey has recently been
completed by A. John Berge, former
sales counselor for the National AS
sociation of Real Estate Boards.
Evening star., 1934-09-08

A UTUMN is the season for plant
n ing narcissus, snowdrop, cro-
II Gus, hyacinth and tulip bulbs.
4 4 All these species form roots
during the late Fall months
and prepare themselves for the burst
Of bloom In early Spring. Although
1t is true that the bulbs at planting
contain large reserves of food, as Is
witnessed by the hyacinth blooming
nicely In a vase Of water, nevertheless
to secure the best flowers the beds for
the bulbs should be prepared thor
oughly. Sticky. heavy clay soils may
be greatly improved by adding peat
moss in large quantity. AS the moss Is
relatively inert chemically 1t may be
used up to the point of half soil and
half moss without injury and with
benefit.
However, the cost of such applica-
tions would be prohibitive except in
small paintings Well rotted stable
manure worked deeply into the soil
would make an ideal plant food for
bulbs, but in its place most home
gardeners must resort to commercial
fertilizers. Bone meal makes an ex-
cellent fertilizer. Also, any all-around
material with high content OF phos-
phorus. Superphosphate, with its
high content of phosphorus, alone will
give beneficial results.
With regard to depth Of planting.
the nature of the soil is a factor. In
sand or in soil prepared with peat
moss the young leaves and flower
stalks can obviously emerge from
greater depth than in a stiff clay.
Some gardeners have adopted the gen
eral rule of planting twice the depth
of the bulb. That is, tulip bulb 2
inches from base to top would be
planted 4 inches deep. One OF our
very reliable seed houses suggests 8
inches for crocus, inches for tulips,
5 inches for hyacinths and narcissus.
With lilies those varieties which root
along the stem as well as at the base
of the bulb should be planted real
deep-6 to 10 inches. In this group
of lilies are the regal, tiger, unbella-
tum and the several speciosums.
In this latitude it is not necessary
to mulch bulb beds to protect them
from low temperatures, but neverthe-
less an inch or so Of peat moss keeps
Evening star., 1934-09-08


still bids fair to hold its supremacy
for many years to come on account
Of vigor of the vine and high quality
of the fruit when properly grown.
The Garden Clubs.
INDER the direct charge of H. c.
u Heffner, general chairman of
exhibits, and j. P. Swecker,
president, the Takoma Horticultural
Club will stage its annual Autumn
Fruit, Flower and Vegetable Show at
the Takoma Park branch Of the Pub
lie Library on September IL and Is.
Entries are open to any resident of
the Washington area irrespective Of
garden club afflliation. The Septem-
Der meeting will be held in the library
auditorium on the fourth floor Mon
day. the 24th, at 8 pm.
The Potomac Rose Society, with
members scattered all over the WASH
ington area, viii sponsor an Autumn
rose show to be held October 5 and 6
in the New National Museum. This
Is the second display. and those who
attended last year viii not need fur
ther invitations. -
Evening star., 1934-09-08
The Home Gardener
Practical and Seasonal Hints for the Amateur for
Beautifying Surroundings of the Home.
BY ]. w. WELLINGTON.
Dutch Elm Disease.

Dutch Elm Disease.
.WlrH the .s sad fate Of the chest
w nut still fresh in most peo-
pies minds, 1t is little wonder
that such dread is felt in regard to
the Dutch elm disease, potentially
very dangerous to the American elm.
So far the outbreak has been re-
stricted to the region adjacent to New
York City. In that area there have
been found about 1,100 diseased trees
which have been burned, stumps and
all. The trouble with the disease is
that it is apparently carried by Q
species Of beetle that Is very numer-
Gus. For the time being local home
owners apparently need not be seri-
ously concerned, but this disease is
one that needs watching.
Quoting from the American Agri-
culturist of August 1s, 1884. when
Dutch elm disease affects q twig, the
leaves wilt Immediately, become dull
green. and usually cling to the twig
in q dried and shrivelled state. Tips
Of the dead twigs curl. When the
twig itself is cut open, brown streaks
are found running through it. II
you discover any signs of the blight,
cut twigs the size Of a lead pencil
and send them to the college of agri-
culture or experiment station Of your
own State. Active cooperation on
the part of owners of elm trees and
Of the general public may save one
Of Americas priceless possessions.
1t is interesting to note that the
United States Department of Agri-
culture has established q field labora-
tory at Morristown, N. j. to study the
disease and assist In its eradication.
Rose Insects.
r Asst week something was said in
IL regard to the need Of protect
ling roses from the leaf defoliat-
ing disease known as black spot.
Withal, there is little object in pre-
serving the roses from this disease
only to let them succumb to maraud-
ing insects such as aphids, slugs and
leaf rollers. What home gardener has
not experienced the disappointment of
finding promising buds half eaten
away? If by chance the injured buds
were ones being primed for an exhi-
bition, such as the forthcoming show
Of the Potomac Rose Society, the dis
appointment would be all the keener
The aphids congregate on the
youngest growth, drawing freely Of
the plant sap. AS q result the flower
stalk may become crooked and weak
ened. The best control for aphids Is
nicotine sulphate solution to which
has been added little soap sufficient
to produce q light suds. Nicotine sui
phate under a trade name Is handled
by various local drug and hardware
stores. Directions for dilution are on
the package. Pyrethrum soap sprays
are also effective In aphid control.
For chewing insects, such as those
that eat the buds, one may use the
so-called Massey dust, named for the
Cornell University professor who de-
veloped its use This consists of nine
parts of busting sulphur and one part
Of arsenate Of lead, the first ingredient
for diseases and the second for chew
ing insects. Those who use bordeaux
mixture as disease control may add
arsenate Of lead at the rate Of to
3 ounces TO gallons Of the spray.
Powdered hellebore, two tablespoon
fuls in IL quarts Of hot water, cooled
Evening star., 1934-09-08

before applying. is also o successful
combatant for chewing insects on
the rose.
Disinfecting Lily Pools.
TN the August number Of Orna-
mental Gardening Notes, pub
lished by the University of Mary
land, Prof. w. r. Ballard suggests
the use of potassium permanganate
for clearing up the water Of lily pools.
Five drops Of a concentrated solution
of the chemical to each 10 gallons Of
water in the pool will gradually clear
up the green color of algae infested
pools. In this dilution Prof. Ballard
states that potassium permanganate
is distinctly beneficial to the gold
fish, which in turn are of major i'm
portance in eating the larvae or
"wigglers" Of the mosquito. Copper
sulphate, often used for the same
purpose, Is said to offer hazard to
the fish If perchance the solution is
too concentrated.
Garden Notes.
ONE of the clearest and most en-
~ tightening accounts Of iris
breeding that has appeared for
q long time may be found in the July,
1884, bulletin Of the American Iris
Society. The author. DR.. Z. o. Essig
of the University of California, has
produced over $4,000 seedlings, of
which "a have been registered and
81 distributed to the public. The in
teresting feature is that iris breeding
is in this case simply q hobby, car
ried on in odd hours apart from regu-
lar duties as entomologist of the ex-
pertinent station.
The pear, as a rule, ripens to bet
ter quality II picked before becoming
fully ripe. The Bartlett, for example,
should be harvested when full size
and Just beginning to turn yellow.
Certain other varieties, such as
Clapp's Favorite, are worthless If left
on the tree, becoming mushy and
tasteless. The old Kieffer pear, often
considered worthless, is q very fair
product II harvested just as turning
yellow and ripened in a cool dark
situation. The stone grit cells which
make certain pears dificult to eat
are less in evidence in the fruits
ripened OF the tree.
Comparable to the Radiance va
Evening star., 1934-09-08

the surface from
packing hard and
tends to sup
press early Spring
weeds. CrocuS is
often planted di-
rectly in the lawn
and In this case
it will pay to lift
a square Of the
sod, work and
fertilize the un-
derneath soil, set
the bulbs and re-
place the sod.
Narcissus is also
useful for nat
,,ralizino In sod