The Waterbury Democrat., 1934-08-04
BY SAMUEL DAsHIELL


 United Press Stan Correspondent
 Paris (UP).-The declaration of war between Austria and Serbia on July 28, 1914, found all of Europe ready and apparently resigned to titanic conflict.
 The severe Austro-H Hungarian ultimatum to Serbia, as every Euro pean statesmen knew, was but an excuse for the 40 years of prepared ness. Although the Kaiser and von Bethmann-Hollweg kept well on the sidelines during the month of inflammatory events in Vienna, fol- lowing the assassination of the archduke and his wife, the support Of Germany was completely and unmistakably conveyed to the Aus trians in the event of trouble.
 Simple Moves
 The moves nthe European chessboard would be of the sim plest kind. Austria would declare war on Serbia; Russia, of the Triple Entente, would mobilize; Germany, ally of Austria-H Hun gary. would mobilize; France, ally of Russia, would mobilize! Italy and Great Britain would mobilize, or remain neutral.
 Things happened just that way. except that Great Britain joined with the triple entente. Within less than a week after the Austrian declaration of war, all Europe was battling; Germany had violated two neutral countries, Luxembourg and Belgium, and the greatest army organization in the world. was not marching on primitive and
 
 / relentlessly toward Paris.
 Berlin wanted to humiliate Paris and do it quick.
 War on Two Fronts
 The Germans had a battle on two fronts, the Russian and the Franco -Belgain.
 Although the Austrian army vir- tually had been mobbilized since Judy 5, the full, official mobiliza ton was not made public until July 2S when war was declared. Belgrade was bombarded that night, and that can be considered as the first shot fired in the World war.
 Sir Edward Grey immediately attempted to encourage .conversa- tions between Vienna and St Pe- tersburg to avoid Russian mobil- ization. On July "A, Poincare tried to persuade Austria and Serbia to talks thing over.
 Conference Proposed
 On July 26 Sir Edward Grey proposed a conference of Ambas- sadors. France and Italy consented but German demurred. The kaiser wrote on the margin of a note, Tn affaris of honor and life, one does not consult others" It was then that von Moltke, proposed a brusque attack on France, march ing through Flanders. in the belief that a European war would save Austrit- Hungary.
 July 27, Sir Edward Grey in- formed the German ambassador at London that in spite of the Serpian response, Austria started war on Serbia, it would mean it's intention of annihilating the coun- try and entail a general war.
 Vienna and St Petersburg open cd diplomatic conversations for the next three days, but on July 2S, nothing constructive had been done, except that the Austrian foreign minister had obtained Frantz-J Joseph's consent to declare war officially against Serbia.
 Kaiser Urged Moderation
 July 28, the same day, the kali ser returned from a North sea cruise, and began counsesing mod eration to Vienna, but it was too late. Premier Pachitch had re- ceived the Austrian declaration of war.
 July 29, the famous warning telegram" to prepare for a menace of n Q Judy 30, Austro- Hungary accept ed the mediation of Britain for intervention by the powers, but declined to accept Germanys and Italy's suggestion that Vienna ac- cept certain pladges of hostages. It was not generally known un- til after the war, that Germany, anticipating a war with France, already had sent its ambassador in Brussels, on July 29 q sealed letter to be delivered when Ger man troops entered Belgium, but few days later.
 War Inevitable
 It also was at this time that von Moltke advised Austria to remain firm and mo longer accept the mediation of Britain" and added the observation that a European war was lnCNlId
 Still on the memorable day of July 30, telegrams were exchanged between Prince Henri of Prussia begging Britain to use its good offices with Russia and France. Telegrams were exchanged be- tween the kaiser and the czar, signed Willy and Nicky, but they were evidently pointless. Russia learned that Austria's partial mo- bilization had been transformed in- to a full, official mobilization.
 Russia declared general mobili- zation in the afternoon of July 30. July 31, Italy declared its neu- .rality in the triple alliance.
 July 31 Britain asked France and Germany to respect Belgium's neutrality, France accepted; Ger many replied evasively. Germany then demanded of France what would be it's course in the event of war between Germany and Rus sia. Premier Viviani replied that Frances action would be deterb- ined by its own interests.
 Discuss Ultimatum
 July 3l, the Rumanian minister at Paris, M. Lahovary. learned Count Szec2cn that Austro- Hun. gary was disposed to discuss its reception of the Serbian reply to the ultimatum. NJ. Lahavary called at the Quia G'Orsay with the Ser bian minister M. Vesnitch, and conferred with M. de Marjerie but the maneuver proved to be only an eleventh hour move on the part of Vienna to gain diplomatic pres tige.