davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1934-11-11
NAZI RELIEF PROGRAMS
ARE BEING REORCANIZED
National Reconstruction Plan Proposed.
s'Labor Service" Transformed With
Tendency Toward Military Training.

in agriculture and forestry, are az
fected-from railway workers to taxi
dancers.
Down in Czechoslovakia national
workers and employers organi-
cations have reached agreement "in
principle" for the 40-hour week. EN-
ployers, however, refuse to maintain
the previous average weekly wage,
which the workers insist be not re-
,duced. The Bata Shoe Works
largest industrial organization in Eu-
rope-instituted three-month trial
period. ending October 8, during
which workers hours were fixed at
40 per week, with no reduction in
wages. Bata officials indicate that
increased cost in production did not
result from the experiment and per-
manent adoption of the reform Is en-
viSaged.
In Great Britain the Boots Pure
Food Co., Ltd, experimental with the
f1ve-day week throughout the past
Summer. According to Lord Trent,
chairman, reduction of hours with
out lowering wages Is absolutely
essential If the purchasing power OF
the community is to be maintained.
Introduction of machines has made
absolutely necessary a new adjust
ment OF hours, he claims. Increased
profits-through use of machines
should contribute to the benefit of
workers and proprietors alike.
Germany Increasing Hours.
Germany is consistently increasing
working hours in the campaign to
increase national production. but is
seeking to compensate workers with
annual holidays-with pay Vacations
range from one week in the mining
industry to one month in commercial
undertakings. Wages are being de-
creased rather than increased as a
whole.
Meanwhile the officials of the In
ternational Labor Once are con-
tinuing their drive to get governments
lined up for the 44-hour or even 40
hour international week. At Wash
ington. in 1919, the first labor office
conference made the 48-hour week
an international question. A score of
countries have accepted it-condi-
tionally upon its adoption by COM
peting export nations. The proposal
for the 40-hour universal working
week in heavy industry, mining and
certain work having Identical char
acter in all countries was made stimuli
taneously with the entrance of the
United States into the labor organi-
zation. American delegates at next
years convention are expected to lead
the fight for the reform.
Evening star., 1934-11-11

worked, now fixed at 40 per week.
The reason given is that certain work.
ers cannot earn wages sufficient to
exist upon in 40 hours. At the same
time a Nazi regulation specifies that
while wages paid to workers engaged
in public works projects shall not be
lower than collective agreements in
force in the district, lower rates may
be fixed u If the workers output,
because of inexperience or otherwise,
does not justify payment Of normal
rates and (2) if the rates paid are
more than the workers previously
earned.
Textile Work Hours Reduced.
While in Berlin unemployed are
being worked 48 hours per week. the
German textile industry has reduced
36 per week. New factories or ex-
tensions to existing mills are pro-
hibited
Subsidies of marks per day (at
present exchange about 81. which
the government was giving local au-
thorities has been reduced and as
sistance is allowed now only for gen.
timely productive work which could
not be undertaken otherwise While
contractors building "air-raid shel-
ters" are excluded from subsidies. 9TH
ers who are experimenting with the
employment of women in forestry
work still receive aid.
Fight to Cut Work Hours.
GENEVA, November 1O.-The fight
for reduction of working hours goes
merrily Oh in every industrial country
in Europe, according to official re-
ports received by the International
Labor Office, but in few places has
the weekly average reached a point
where the international 48-hour week
is actually in force in industry nor
mally
While French miners are agitating
for a seven-hour day and 4o-hour
week, survey of 1851 French under
taking. each employing more than
100 persons, shows that 81 per cent
of 2,337,916 workers concerned worked
more than 48 hours per week last
Summer. During the same period in
1884 the percentage had dropped to
So.
Switzerland, rated as an advanced
industrial country, has An average
working week of well over so hours.
The weekly rest act of 1881 only be-
came effective in Switzerland in Sep
tember of this year. All workers,
with the exception of those engaged
Evening star., 1934-11-11
by LEILA MECHLIN

the supreme importance of virtue in
the plate itself.
Granny" JOB" the "Burgomas-
ter" re-echo in a measure the works
of the greatest etcher of all time
Rembrandt-who glorified old age
while Chest Problem" Baby Posing,
THE Absente," recall the later Dutch
school Of genre painters and remind
that the story element, well used
need not affect the esthetic quality
of work of art.
But perhaps most typical Of this
painter-etcher's works are his figure
studies Of young women Of society
such as "A Debutante," AN Ancestor,
'"The Gainsborough Hat" and ivan.
ity," all of which have been with
him favorite subjects for painting
and etching, and much favored by
the public. After all, they are typical
Of their time-in part, our time-and
are rendered with real loveliness. This
exhibition will continue for another
week.
MUCH interest is being shown In
the special sales exhibition OF
works by the so-called "P. w. A. p"
artists, which opened in the Cor
coran Gallery of Art last Sunday.
BY the middle of the week 26 sales
had been made and others were in
prospect. Among the buyers were
Duncan Phillips, chairman Of the
committee sponsoring the exhibition.
and Mrs. Robert Woods Bliss, who
had prior to the exhibition commits
stoned work from one or more of
these young artists.
Among the works purchased were
three by Richard Sargent of this city,
which have received universal COM
mendation; two by Robert Gates,
whose group of watercolors Is one
of the outstanding features: an oil
painting by Edgar Nye. entitled Yer
mont Hills; striking water color
by Davenport in the Winslow Homer
manner. Of Negroes and a cyclonic
storm in the East Indies; two hui
morous sketches by Aaron Sopher of
Baltimore, THE window" and PROV
incetown"; wharf scene by Herman
Maril, also of Baltimore, reminiscent
of his much-lauded picture in the
p. w. A. P. exhibition last Spring.
One of the striking exhibits, and
among the most meritorious. large
linoleum print Of Three Greek
Women" by John Butler, had not al
this writing found a purchaser, nor
had some of the very amusing studies
Of cats. chickens and birds, not by
one. but several artists. and also some
good wood block prints. So all the
bargains have not been captured.
OF special interest in this exhibi-
ton are photographs Of mural paint
ings made under the p. w. A. P
which either have already been placed
on the walls Of school and other
public buildings or are still In process
Of execution.
A few pieces of sculpture have beer
added, and among these is an at
tractive figure of a Lady and Uni
corn" strongly and simply modelled
by Daniel Olney for a fountain or
the Bliss estate, Dumbarton Oaks
Georgetown.
Aureiius Battagiia, who has ex.
ecuted wall paintings for the children'l
room in the Mount Pleasant Branch
Library, shows In this exhibition q
design in color for q panel to g
over bar-a grotesque study oi
animale-which should not only PROV
lContinued on FIFTH pase.l
Evening star., 1934-11-11

1t was necessary to buy wood brought
to the city from down the Potomac
Even here the forestaller was on the
Job, for using exactly the same express
sion "forestaller," Washington City
ordinance prohibited wood dealers to
forestall by going down the river and
buying FIRE wood from boats en- route
to tie city. before they reached the
city wharves, and instead Of buying
in open market.
In the first year Of its charter the
city established what they legally des-
ignattd Center Market" OF open
stalls, near the south side of Penn
sylvania avenue, between Seventh and
Ninth streets west" and upon this
site WashingSan's famous market con-
tinued to exist rltil few years ago
A city regulation in 1902 says:
Sales Restricted to Market.
mo article or provision Of food
shall be sold or offered for sale at any
other place than the market under
penalty of 50 fine, imposed upon both
/ buyer and seller" Buying in the
market for resale was also prohibited
under a s6 penalty Only butcher
was permitted to cut and sell meat in
smaller quantities than a quarter
The butchers block was limited tc
3 feet in diameter, and that he
| would have no advantage over COM
petitor it had to be so placed as not
to cloak the view Of his neighbor's
4 block
Flour and bread were subject tc
rigid inspection. The price of bread
was fixed and unfiuctuating, but ac-
| cording as the price of -four went ur
or down, the quantity Of -four in the
loaf was diminished or increased
Based on a sliding scale of 50-cent
changes, when flour sold for $3.50 q
barrel, the baker had to put 80 ounces
of -four in a single loaf. II -four rose
, to $40 per barrel, the -four content
was reduced to 13 ounces per single
loaf. Thus the baker had no profit
on the price Of -four, his gain being
limited to his labor and the actual
cost of baking.
Chimney Sweeping Monopoly.
Under specific authority of Con-
gress. the city created a chimney
sweeping monopoly. by granting ar
exclusive permit to a padrone o.
chimney sweepers. The city set tbs
price of sweeping at 10 cents per fut
per floor, made sweeping Of chimney
obligatory and imposed fine OF
hundred dollars upon any one elss
sweeping chimneys except the con-
tractors sweeps.
The Council and Mayor also gave
an exclusive concession for the opera
ton of ferries across the Potomac
River, specified the number of able
| bodied and skilled hands to be en-
ployed, the kind of ferry boats to bt
operated and set the price OF fares.
There is a code published in Cham.
berlain's compendium against tht
use of which both the N. r. A. anc
the A. A. A. should be warned. Il
is subtitled Harvest Time and pro-
vides that artificerS and any othel
persons able to labor. shall be COM
PEELED by a justice of the peace OF
constable to give their labor to the
| farmer tn hay time and harvest, ano
any one refusing to help the farmer
get in his crop was ordered put ir
| the stocks forstwo days and a night
| Apparently it was as difficult to en-
| force this law as it Is today to gel
| bankers and business men to serve
on d jury; for Parliament, found Il
necessary to impose a fine of 2t
shillings upon constables who failed u
| put labor shirkers IN the stocks.
Evening star., 1934-11-11

hibition in the Corcoran Gallery of
Art at this time. Where Mr.. Borg's
work is strong and direct, Mr.. Mac
Ewen's Is delicate and subtle. One
is no more right than the other. and
the contrast should merely re-empha-
size the fact that there is no one cor
rect way but many, that the field of
art is unrestricted. Mr.. MacEwen's s
work has great charm. His touch is
extremely light and sensitive and his
renditions have spiritual quality and
atmosphere. It is long step from
the land of the Navajos to the urban
drawing rooms of Paris of the COS and
early 190Os, or even Holland as be-
loved and painted during those years,
from which Mr.. MacEwen has chosen
his subjects. Some say that gentility
is dead, that civilization having be-
come over-ripe, we must 60 back t.
barbarian for inspiration, but happily
not every one is prepared as yet to
subscribe to this announcement. Ger
tainIy the old life and the old culture
have q beauty which cannot be denied
when interpreted with the skill and
appreciation which Mr.. MacEwen
brings to his task.
Especially charming and sensitive
is his portrait study of Mary"
etched as though in full outdoor
light with very delicate shadows and
atmospheric illusion-an exquisite in
terpretation of personality. Excel
lent, too, is his self-portrait shown
in two different printings by Delatre
of Paris. An interesting and in
structive feature of this exhibition is
the variation shown in printing full
strength" or light" on different
kinds of paper. several prints from
the same plate being shown in almost
every instance. On the whole, how
ever, tho. lesson that, to at least one
olseryer4 this has brought home. Is
Evening star., 1934-11-11

artist has been more interested in
setting forth his subject adequately,
than in expressing himself. And this
is as it should be.
But of the prints themselves. They
are portrait studies. landscapes, land
scapes with figures and in q few in
stances architectural themes such as
facades of two of the old Spanish
missions, San Gabriel and San Juan
Capistrano.
The portraits are exclusively of In
dians of the Southwest-Navajos and
Hopis-and how well they are por-
trayed with all their gravity and dig
nifty, especially the older ones, such
as "Hopi Patriarch" Not only does
Mr.. Borg show us these strong char
acter studies of individual Indians.
but Indians in groups, for example
"The Three Chiefs" and as living
their own lives. for instance Navajo
Mother" carrying her baby on her
back, and "Hopi Drummer" "Hopi
Village" "Kivas at Hano," I'm the
Pueblo at Taos" are all not only
picturesque but significant subjectively
and artistically.
And how understandingiy Mr.. Borg
has set forth the scenery Of our great
West in all its vastness and majesty!
Desert Shadows" is a particularly
happy composition, extremely well
rendered, true to the feeling Of 10
cality-dramatic, decorative-an effect
produced by skillful use Of repeated
dark shadows and rhythmical lines.
This is equally true, perhaps in even
greater degree, of Golden Canyon,
Death Valley" profoundly impress
sive and moving work. Distinctly this
exhibition is out of the ordinary. It
continues throughout the month.
\ \ X X
IN INTERESTING contrast to the
l work of Carl Oscar Borg are the
etchinss apd dry points by Walter
MacEwen, constituting . special ex-
Evening star., 1934-11-11

(Continued From First Page.)
Evening star., 1934-11-11
NEW DEAL CODES AKIN
TO CENTURY.OLD LAWS
Early Ordinances of City of Washington
and British Legislation Regulated
Prices and Working Conditions.

CONTINUED From First Page.)
Evening star., 1934-11-11

IN INTERESTING contrast to the
= work Of Carl Oscar Borg are the
etchings and dry points by Walter
MacEwen, constituting = special ex-
Evening star., 1934-11-11

Continued on Fifth Page
Evening star., 1934-11-11

CONTINUED On F1ith Rase.l :
The Waterbury Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1917-1946, 1934-01-16
Naugatuck Man Gets
60 Days Jail Term
Napoleon Ragauskas Also Fined $40 and Costs
on Two Charges Pleads Both Ways

Just like the historic figure
whose first name the accused
bears, Napoleon was in a sort of
Waterlooish quandry. 1t was the
same position in which he found
himself a week ago when he was
first arraigned. At that time, he
crossed up his counsel, Attorney
Henry j. Freeman, by pleading not
guilty and choosing a jury trial.
The courteous judge. with apollo
gies to the court, decided, that in
asmuch as his client wanted jury
trial, a jury trial he would have.
Today, however, the judge
brought his man to court again
and bowed to Prosecutor William
j. Larkin who informed the court
that Napoleon had elected to
change his plea. When Clerk Will
liam M. Gillette read the pleadings
to Napoleon, the latter again
crossed his counsel when he plead
ed mot guilty!" To say Judge
Freeman was surprised is putting
it mildly. A few hurried whisper
ings, followed q look of conster-
nation as the judge tried to ex-
plain to Napoleon that-well, what
does lawyer whisper to his client
in such circumstance?
Judge Finn caught the dilemma
in which the judge found himself
and said he was prepared to &C
cept the plea.
Attorney Freeman and his client
retired to secluded corner and
after a brief consultation 10 and
behold, Napoleon was again back
at the desk, this time pleading
guilty.
Prosecutor Larkin explained that
the accused was in court because
of financial embarrassment. EN-
barrassed because his wife had
simply inquired after his weekly
pay. Instead, Judge Larkin said,
she was presented with a plate,
hurled with the accuracy of a
Herb Pennock, by the accused, and
making a perfect strike.
AS Napoleon was led from the
court room he was heard to mutter
to himself that maybe he should
have pleaded not guilty after all.
The Waterbury Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1917-1946, 1934-01-16
FISHER ELECTED
ALL SAINTS HEAD
Annual Church Meeting
Featured By Election
of 1884 Officers
OAKVILLE

The annual parish meeting was
held at All Saints church hall last
evening Preceding the meeting the
Women's auxiliary served supper
at z o'clock The officers were re-
elected as follows: William Fisher,
senior warden; Burton Lake, Junior
warden; A. C. Rocker, treasurer;
Frank Stoddard, clerk of vestry;
Eugene Skilton, auditor.
The three retiring vestrymen
were Charles Curtiss. Norman
Nichols and George Booth. New
members elected were Mr. White
man, Elliott Barnes and +. Lam
All Saints Weekly Reminder. :
The annual reports were read
from the Women's auxiliary, Miss
Carrie Woodruff, treasurer; the
Rector's Aid society, Mrs Alice d.
Traver; Church school, William
Fisher; Mems club, A. c. Rocker,
treasurer; Young Peoples Fellow
ship, Vern Hoffman. Delegates to
annual conventional. c. Rocker
William Fisher; alternates Nor
man Nichols and It. p. Lancaster
| Io TcCIOL tllIudebh ASPOAS "e~S ~e~N
by Rev A. N. Samwell. =.
Rector Samwell thanked al
those who assisted in making the
church a success. The members at
tending were Mrs Alice Traver
Mrs A C. Rocker, Mrs Gaylord
Burden, Mrs John Pope, Miss Car
RE Woodruff, Mrs Fred Winde-
bank, Mrs George Wildman, Mrs
Charles Curtiss, Mrs Eugene Des-
shene, Mrs Bertrand LaVigne. .Sa.,
Rev A. N. Samwell, A. G. Rocker,
Eugene Skilton, Within Fisher,
Frank Stoddard, Norman Nichols,
Charles Fem, Silas Hoffman, Mr.
and Mrs George Booth, Vern
Hoffman, Fred Wfndebank, Doro-
thy Windebank, Doris Height, Mrs
Charlotte Miller, Mr. and Mrs
Whiteman, f. p. Lancaster, Burton
Lake and Elliott Barnes.
Birthday Party
A birthday party was held at the
home of Phil Andrews of Buck
ingham street Saturday evening in
Sonor of his birthday. Games, mu-
sic and dancing were enjoyed, ana
later in the evening buffet lunch
con was served. The guest sim
cluded Misses Emma Kiesel, Anna
Krull, Christine Bayannas, Marjorie
Bannor, Lee How'd, Grace Speck,
Mary Zarrella, Batty Dwyer, Ruth
Carter, Amy Andrews, August kle-
sci, Albert Krull, John Pierce, ed
ward Kiesel, Velmore Caron, John
Kiesel, Frederick Windebank, Ray
mond King, Steve Andrews, George
Rahuba, Edmund Kicsel and Ed
ward Kolpa.
Card Party
A card party will be held AT
st Mary Magdalen's church hall
Thursday evening. The committee
in charge is Mae Villa Babln'
chairman: assistants, Mrs James
Dryer, Mrs Mast, Margaret Cham-
payne and Dorothy Dunno.
Briefs
The Young Peoples Fellowship
society will meet at All Saints
hall tonight at 1880 o'clock.
The Rector's Aid society Will mete
at the home of Mrs Silas Hoqman
of Davis street Wednesday even
ing at Z: 80 o'clock. :.
The Mems club will meet at the
Community house tonight at 1881
O'Clock.
Reid Hoffman, attended the
Litchfleld archdeaconry at Trinity
church, Torrington, as delegate
from All Saints church.
The Waterbury Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1917-1946, 1934-01-16
sAn-Americans' Again
Capture AS Honors
Joe PheIan's Combine TrOunce Bob McEiugh's Bear
cats" in st Francis Tournament Feature

been seen. Judge Hartnett remark
ing, "O1d Par you sure surprised
me, but If you want to see a real
surprise take in President Roose-
velt's birthday ball and watch he
Judge" strut. "Scoopie" is going
back to his one coach system
again, firing the four Of them and
appointing Pat Moran and naming
him the Lone Wolf" Watch for
results from now on.
Mickey Craney's "Cracker-Jacks"
defeated Tom Horan's 'iBoy-Won-
ders'' 1928. Mickey claims the
first round don't mean q thing, it's
the second one that counts, and
watch the little Mickey Mouse on
the scoreboard move gradually to
the top deck.
Bill Kelley's Flashes defeated
Billy O'Donnell's "Galty Boys" in
another 1928 battle. The FLASHES"
are surely q much-improved team
since last year, and by defeating
the old boys from the Galtys it
proves that they have turned out
to be dangerous team. SO be-
ware!
Perry Shannahan's "Short Cir
cults defeated Jimmy Cusick's
"Shellacers' 1928. This makes the
second week in succession that
Perry has won 35 games, and is
positive that he has the wiring sys-
tenn mastered to perfection, al
though there may be an occasional
fuse blowout.
Johnny Phelan's "All Stars de-
feated Frank Mulcunry's NRA's
1929. Credit for the victory Is due
to Pinky Sheehan and Fred Cough
Ian the two coaches who seem to
be just as famous at as" as they
were in 1.-THE Old Timers Baseball
league" at Washington Park last
summer, and we don't mean may
be. Frank Mulcunry isn't making
any alibis for the defeat, claiming
that his young team Is coming
along better than he expected, and
has Father O'Connor coaching
them along in a quiet but splendid
manner. The good sportsmanship
displayed by the players is some
thing to be marveled at.
John Bowey's "Sligo- Terrors"
defeated mike" Goggin's "Rovers''
34-29. After their poor showing of
last week, Dan O'Neill and Billy
Latin staged strong come back
last night, which put them in solid
with Captain Bowey for the pres
ent at least.
James Farrell's spark Plugs
defeated Pete Coughlan's Light
ning-Bugs" 1890. This finished
Mike" Griffin's reign as coach
after a one week stand, and Pete
put Dan O'Shea back on the job
assisted by Joe Devereaux. Joe's
job will be to keep the lightning
Bugs" from coming in too close
contact with each other, so there
won't be any danger of an explo.
sion.'
The Waterbury Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1917-1946, 1934-01-16
City's indebtedness
Reduced Once Again
Controller Forwards S205,OOO to Bank Of Manhattan
Covering Payments Falling Due Yesterday

This represents q payment ot
over a half million dollars on
bonded and interest Indebtedness
since the beginning Of the year
with 1894 only q half Of . month
on the way.
The last payment was for close
to 100000 and was made on jan
uarv 1st, The check for the latter
was issued on the closing days OF
the 1888 books but the money was
due on January list and the city
kept it's agreement.
Further bond and interest reduce
tions will be carried out about
June and then, again, later in the
year. The reduction of the bond
ed debt gradually saves the city
interest. The reduction Of the In.
terest reduces the actual cost OF
running the city, hence the desire
on the part OF the officials OF the
municipality to cut the bonded
debt as much as possible and In o
consistent manner.
The Waterbury Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1917-1946, 1934-01-16
SIX TEAMS BUNCH
FOR FIRST PLACE
Whelan, Carr Score in
St Margaret's AS"
League

The. teams led by Whalen and
Carr scored convincing victories in
the st Margaret's "45" play last
night to come right behind Moran's
league-leading outfit. The results
of the matches left six of the eight
teams punched in a virtual tie for
first place
Whalen's charges played their
cards cannily to win rs games
against Quilts Is victories. Jim
Cars men beat McVerry's men
by the same margin. Delaney's
squad won O 1920 victory over
Connor's team, while Moran's
first-place holders had to be con-
tent with a 21-21 tie with Flah-
erty's players. The standings are
as follows:
The Waterbury Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1917-1946, 1934-01-16
DAMAGE CLAIMS
SETTLED TODAY

John Sears, rs, of 223 Abbott
avenue, who had fingers frost bit
ten in the cold snap on January
9th. will be paid $3.50 weekly dur
ing his incapacity by MS employer
the Goldsmith-C hatfield company,
according to compensation agree
ment filed today at the Office of
Commissioner Frederic M. Will
liams.
other agreements filed include:
Manufacturers Foundry Co. and
Albert Reichenstein of Tracy ave-
nue.. toe injury, $500 weekly; City
of Waterbury and Joe Aparicio of
Bantam, (Shepaug worker), strain,
$9.43 weekly; Chase Companies,
Inc. and Joseph Manzo of SO Bea-
con street, knee injury, $6.01
weekly; Waterbury Brass Goods
Corp. and Jerry Iacunio of BAT
chapman street. finger injury, $500
weekly for 20 weeks.