davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1934-05-18

and the Log. Joachim will be COM
missioned an ensign of the line.
Midshipman Elmore Willard Seeds
is the son of Mrs. K. B. Seeds. He Is
a graduate of Western High School.
For the past three years Seeds has
competed with Navy lacrosse teams.
He will be commissioned a second
lieutenant in the Marine Corps.
Midshipman Frank Kidder Upham
s. Upham. Upham graduated from
Western High School. He was
member Of the Navy soccer team for
three years and made his letter in
that sport. He will take a commits
sion as an ensign of the line.
Du Bois Was Petty Officer.
Midshipman Thomas Hodgskin Du
Bois is the son of Capt. and Mrs. B.
P. Du Bois. During the current year
he served in the regimental organiza-
ton as a second petty officer. He ex-
poets to enter the naval service as an
ensign Of the line.
Midshipman George Hollingsworth
Wigfall Is the son Of Mrs. r. P
Irving. Wigfall is soccer player OF
no mean ability, having been named
on two consecutive all-American teams
He took an active part in the Musi-
cal Club production this Spring. He
will resign from the naval service
because of physical disability.
Midshipman William Campbell Glib
son Church is the son of Capt. ano
Mrs. A. T. Church. During the cur.
rent year he was manager Of the
basket ball team and was member
| of both the Lucky Bag and Reef
Points STATS. He also served as Sec
retary-tfeasurer Of the N. A. Christian
Association. He will accept COM
| mission as an ensign of the line.
Midshipman Frank Cunningtor
Tharin is the son of Mr.. and Mrs
Frank X. Tharin. Tharin was &
member of the Glee Club, the Recep-
ton Committee, the Prop Gang ane
the regimental staff He expects II
be commissioned a second lieutenant
in the Marine Corps.
Midshipman John Cawley Green i!
the son of Mrs. Kirt Green. He ex.
poets to resign from the naval service
Midshipman Charles Bradford Far.
| well Is the son of Capt. and Mrs. N
B. Farwell. He expects to be com
missioned an ensign of the line.
Midshipman Fletcher Lamar Shef.
| field is the son of Mrs. F. l.. Shefheld
Evening star., 1934-05-18

strong leaders who have been ION the
fence" organizing for the selection OF
q compromise leader.
At the same time a move was under
way to seek from Postmaster General
James A. Farley, State and national
party chairman, a definite declara-
ton on the Kenneally leadership.
Evening star., 1934-05-18
URGES PRISON REFORM
Macon Police Chief Urges Aboli-
ton of Chain Gang.

COLUMBUS, Ga, May Is R.-
Abolition of the chain gang and
drastic prison reform in Georgia was
advocated yesterday by Col. Ben T.
Watkins, chief of the Macon Police De-
partment in his address at the an
nual convention Of the Georgia
County and Peace Oficers' Associa-
ton.
Col. Watkins is president Of the
association. He said also that times
are changing and 1 firmly believe
that we must take definite steps
toward changing our prison system. l
refer especially to the chain gang.
As long as we maintain chain gangs
I do not believe we will be able tc
attain the heights toward which we
strive"
Evening star., 1934-05-18
ROBIN FIRES HOUSE

BELOIT. Wis. (P.-The robin has
been detected as a fire hazard by
Richard Martin, whose house caught
fire after a nest went up in smoke.
Firemen attributed the blaze to A
lighted cigarette, carried by the robin
to it's nest.
Evening star., 1934-05-18
Old Clothing Found.

Clothing and jewelry found during
recent excavations on the Island Of
Cortland. in the Baltic Sea. have en-
abled the reconstruction Of the ma
tional costume worn from 500 to 1000
A. D.
Evening star., 1934-05-27

to over-buy. Because of possible
high profits, people with money to
lend on real estate have too often
persuaded a man to buy or build a
house far too big for his income.
Because he felt that he never would
have to pay the mortgage, that short
term as 1t was it could always be
renewed for another three or four
years, many a man has acquired
home much too large and costly.
Under this bill men will be buying
houses which they reasonably can
expect to pay for out of their incomes
BY the amortizing plan you do not
merely pay interest on a mortgage,
and, of course. the interest is COM
paratively low, but you pay something
on your house each month. In IS
or 20 years 1t is all yours.
1t must be borne in mind that the
modernizing or renovizing end of this
bill and the new building end are
separate and distinct. The moderniz-
ing and renovizing plans are designed
to begin at once to Offset the threat
ened shortage of homes, to get re-
pairs made before too serious dam
age results from lack of repair, and
to put lot of men back to work to
start recovery in the heavy goods
field, which Is tagging so dangerously
behind, and obviously to spread the
money over into the consumption and
service fields. 1t is self-evident that
If a man goes back to work as a
carpenter, painter or a plumber, he
Evening star., 1934-05-27

has money to spend on food and
clothing.
The question of food and clothing
brings up the point of their cost as
compared with the cost Of building
materials. It should be remembered
that in any building operation more
than 10 per cent Of the total money
goes to labor. In March of this year
building material costs were about so
per cent more than they were in
1918, which made them Is per cent
less than in 1925. In March of this
year the building trades wages were
about $50 per cent more than 1918
and less than per cent below 1926.
With labor and materials combined.
building costs as a whole were, in
April of this year, so per cent more
than in 1918. Carrying out the COM
parison between building material
costs and the cost of food and cloth
ing-from March, 1888, to date, the
price of flour has gone up rs per
cent, that of wheat 100 per cent, with
brick and cement going up at the
same time only 10 per cent. With
wool and cotton for clothing going up
just about 100 per cent in the last
II months, paint has risen only
about 80 per cent.
In all Its sections, this bill is an
encouragement to- private enterprise.
For the stimulation of building. the
Government will insure the mortgages
of all existing credit agencies, build
ing loan societies, banks and other
Evening star., 1934-05-27
RAILROAD GRANTS
FIGHT RECALLED.
Pessimism in Congress and
Benefits Recounted to
Transportation Club.

The history of the development OF
Americas transcontinental railroads
in the face of strong opposition from
skeptical members of Congress was re-
lated at recent meeting of the Wash
ington Transportation Club by Capt
r. E. Shannon, head U. the Rail
Transport Division, Quartermaster
Generals ONCE, War Department.
Capt. Shannon, who will be trans
ferred to Brooklyn, N. Y, in June,
was the guest speaker Al the meeting,
held in the Raleigh Hotel. Brig. Gen.
A. E. Williams. assistant to the quar-
termaster general, was guest of honor.
The speaker pointed out that the
success of the railroads to the West
Coast was due to the Government S
policy of giving them public lands for
right of way purposes. This was done,
however, only after considerable con-
gressional opposition.
Feasibility Doubted.
Although all hands conceded the
importance of establishing a system of
cross-country railroads, especially for
military purposes, there was consider
able doubt of the feasibility of carry
ing out such project, according to
Capt. Shannon.
The minority report Of a House
committee considering the proposed
land-grant acts for the railroads eX-
pressed doubt that railroad could
ever be built through those vast
mountain regions whose aspiring sum-
mits present IL feet of defying snow
to the burning rays of July SUM-"
The minority pointed out that the
interest on the capital investment in
the railroads alone would amount to
s8.400, 900 a year and the operating
and upkeep expenses would equal this
sum.
Pointing to the "improbability" of
any system of transcontinental rail-
roads earning such yearly sum as
S16,S00 900, the speaker said, one of
the minority members insisted that
properly to support such project the
"entire industrial interests of the
British Empire would prove entirely
inadequate"
Pessimism Overcome.
Despite these pessimistic forecasts,
however. the land-grant acts were
passed and skillful engineers built the
roads from coast to coast. 9
As result, Government-owned land,
which could scarcely be sold for 12la
cents an acre. was soon bringing $3.50
an acre, Capt. Shannon declared.
In discussing the wisdom of the
Governments policy in giving away
these lands, Capt. Shannon quoted the
following passage from an article
written in 1918 by the late Speaker
Joseph G. Cannon:
II have no regret for the liberality
Of the Government in giving away
public lands, for this liberality brought
such results as would not have been
recorded in many generations under
the old policy of having the Govern
ment hoard its public lands and wait
for purchasers The losses to the
Government were relative. The rail-
roads and homsteads were tremendous
factors in the building of a nation.
Yes; the Government has been lib
eral and literally has it been re-
warded"
Capt. Shannon also pointed out
that the idea Of land grants was not
one that originated with the railroads,
but that it had its inception in early
grants to canals and wagon roads.
Evening star., 1934-05-27
Need of Relief in Shortage
In Housing Becoming Acute
Measure Recommended in Message of
President Would Provide for Mort
gage Insurance by United States.

who have been engaged for years in
financing home building, it is esti-
mated that the losses from insurance
Of loans of $780, ,000, 900 for repair
ing and undermining American homes
could not possibly amount to more
than $25, 10000 OF the $780,
100000, more than 10 per cent would
be labor's share. When one considers
the single factor that this would take
many men off the relief rolls, the
$25, 900 900 insurance loss on 81 $780,
100000 operation would be very small.
Many Of the men who have weighed
the bill feel that even a $25, 900 900
estimate Of loss through insurance is
too high.
In its mortgage end, as distinct
from the home-repair and renovizing
end. this bill reaches down and shows
up the fallacy that it is good thing
to keep a mortgage on your home
Evening star., 1934-05-27

going to be called upon for taxes to
pay for a model apartment on the
lower East Side in New York. Sound
slum clearance is, however, possible
under the bill, the money to be lent
by private agencies on sound projects.
In addition TO the boost it will give
to recovery, its big contribution toward
thrift and financial independence for
the average man, 1t is very easy 70
see the bills Nationwide benefits to
the health and happiness Of the
American family, In better housing
generally.
(Copyright. 1894. by the North American
Newspaper Alliance. Inc)
Evening star., 1934-05-27
MOUNT VERNON DEER
REDUCED TO THREE
They Will Be Shipped to shenan-
doah Park as Soon as They
ra,,rI,%
Are Caught.

Only three deer now remain at
Mount Vernon. officials of the Nation
al Park Service, Interior Department,
announced yesterday, and as soon as
these can be caught, they will be
shipped to the Shenandoah National
Park
Three more deer Friday were sent
to the park. officials said, and the pro-
gram calls for grand total of 16 to
be turned loose in the new park area
near Luray, Va.
Two of the deer recently were pre-
sented to the National Geological Park
here. Civilian Conservation. Corps
workers assisted park authorities in
sending the deer to the Shenandoah
area,
Evening star., 1934-05-27

recognized local agencies which meet
the requirments of the bill. The risk
of loss being reduced to a minimum
by careful appraisals and by. the
amortizing elements Of the bill, 1t is
obvious that people with money to
lend should be willing to lend it at
lower rates than heretofore. 1t is a
case Of low interest rates for the home
builder, safety for the lender.
There isn't a word in the bill call
ing for the Government to put up any
money to build any home for anybody.
The farmer in my home State of Iowa,
or Nebraska, Missouri or Texas isn't
Evening star., 1934-05-27

always. Under this bill Americans
not only can build houses, but, in
due course, own them outright under
amortizing conditions. In is or 20
years a man who avails himself of
credit through his local bank or other
local credit agency, for example, a
local building and loan society, can
own his own home in fee simple and
have an island of safety in any future
depression.
Everybody who has studied real
estate and building knows that the
short-term mortgage, that on which
the lender may demand his money
at the end of three or four years,
was the panic element In the collapse
of real estate values. Real estate
values just won't stay up unless peo-
pie with money are willing to lend
it on real estate. If people with
money out ON short-term mortgages
want their money back and can't
get it, 1t Is obvious at once that other
people are not going to lend on real
estate
Evening star., 1934-05-27
Mortgages to Be Insured.

Under this bill real estate mort
cages will be not only insured by the
Government, but the lending bank or
building and loan society will be get
ting It's money back each month.
There will be no better security In
the world than these amortized real
estate mortgages.
The bill also will eliminate one Of
the greatest causes of our frequent
real estate booms and just as fire.
quent collapses-people being induced
Evening star., 1934-05-27

Full 13-plate Gross Country"
Battery in hard rubber case. Pro-
vides more than enough power
for all starting, lighting. ignition
and accessory requirements.
Evening star., 1934-05-27

ALLSTATE always sold for cash Sears famous rock
prices NOW be bought Easy Terms for
lou Prices plus tng carrying charge Thousands of
friends and need for the
We've to them
from full the liberal Easy Payment Plan
have seen! NOW you don't need ALL CASH buy ALL
STATE Tires! You pay ride! Merely make small down
payment when the balance II weeks
Make the small payments weekly. biweeky monthly you
preferi
You really make double saving when buy ALSTATE TRES
First You pay LESS for these fine than for other Of
parable quality Seconds You forced fancy
increases for time payments at Sears!
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-11-12
Rail Jobs Cut
Drastically in
3O-DayPeriod

WASHINGTON, D. c., Nov. IL
Employment in Glass steam rail-
roads dropped 1.18 per cent in the
one month period from September
to October, report just issued by
the Interstate Commerce Commits
sion reported. The drop represents
the loss of jobs to slightly more
than 1900 railroad workers.
With 1,O11, 22S workers employed
during the past month, employment
in these railroads is 1873 per cent
less than a year ago.
The most significant decline is in
maintenance of way and structures.
In this class of railroad employ
ment jobs dropped 3o7 per cent in
the one-month period. Similarly,
those engaged in the maintenance
of equipment declined over the
month previous to point 2.19 per
cent less than a year ago.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-11-12
clearinghouse
Workers Plan
United Drive

SOUTH ST. PAUL, Mimi, Nov
11.-Thousands of copies of the
united front program of the pack
inghouSe workers have been issued
to workers here and in Austin, AL
bert, Lee, Omaha, Kansas City and
other packing centers. The pro-
gram was adopted by a joint con-
ference of the Independent Union
of All Paekinghouse workers and
the Packinghouse Workers Indus
trial Union on Nov. 4.
The program includes the fight
for the right to organize, for higher
wages, against the killing speed-up,
and for Workers Unemployment
and Social Insurance. 1t was rati-
fed by the members of both unions
following the conference. Workers
in the unorganized Swift, Cudahy,
and Armour plants met and elected
groups to the conference.
The top officials of the Independ-
ent Union of All Workers from
Austin, MINI, did not show up,
although the delegates from the
Faribualt, MINI. local we're present.
A joint delegation from both unions
will go to the next membership
meeting of the independent union
in Austin and ask the Austin local
to join the united front organiza-
ton drive.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-11-12
Newark Students Fight
Way Out of Building to
Attend Anti-War Rally

NEWARK, N. j., Nov. 11.-Anti-
Fascist students at the Arts High
School here fought their way out
of the building with their fists when
fascist groups in the school tried
by violent means to prevent them
from attending an anti-War Arm
istice Day meeting in Military Park
on Friday.
More than $50 students Of Dana
College, the Newark Institute Of
Arts and Sciences and the Arts High
School attended the meeting which
lasted more than an hour and a half.
students from many other schools
were prevented from attending the
meeting by the intimidation Of their
school administrations.
In the Newark Institute, one pro-
fessor deliberately arranged an eX-
animation for the hour Of the meet
ing and threatened to put down as
a failure any student VINO was abb
sent from the examination
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-11-12

and the bankers whom he addressed
in such loving political terms at
their recent convention.
Enclosed" she writes, find a
five dollar bill for the 100000
fund. Wish 1 could make it $4,000.
live on a ranch and you can
guess what that means in these
times, under the raw deal"
Not only impoverished farmers
but laborers and white collar work
ers as we'll have seen their liveli-
hoods and their security cut from
under them by the New Deal scythe
which reaps profits at the expense
of workers lives for bankers and
industrialists.
TT Is the best / can do" says
Sigfried Olson, of Claremont, Va,
sending one dollar. MY income
dried up the past summer"
G. M, of Gloucester, Ohio, ac-
companies his contribution of $1.27
with the following answer to Presi-
dent Roosevelt's infamous question
ARE you better off than you were
last year?"
81 couldn't collect more, for
work is very scarce here" G. MS
letter declares. eve have lived on
relief all spring and summer"
1t is not to the New Deal and the
Roosevelt government that these
workers look for a way out of their
poverty and oppression. They are
looking to the revolutionary way
out. They know that Communism
is the only road.
They are giving all they can to
the best leader and organizer for
the Communist Party-the Daily
Worker. Theirs is a Bolshevik
example for every worker to fol-
low.
Workers, come to the support
of your newspaper! The 100000
goal has to be reached by Dec 1!
If every worker contributes i'm
mediately this goal can be made.
Contribute today!
NOTE: Sections, units, organi-
cations, readers are urged to send
in Immediately full reports of
their activities in the drive for
100000.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-11-12

How the N.R.A. and Sidney Hill
man, member Of the National Labor
Relations Board of the MIRA, fool
the workers and worsen their con-
ditions, is seen in the events in New
York Cutters Local Four of the
Amalgamated Clothing Workers.
How did the rosy promises made to
the members of this local by Hill
man, president Of the AC.W, work
out in actual fact?
Hillman and his agents at the
start of the MIRA, called a large
meeting of the cutters, and Hill
man painted pictures of golden,
prosperous future under the New
Deal. He finished his speech with
the dramatic assertion that with
the MIRA. established, the mere
possession of a membership book OF
Local Four would insure a job under
the best conditions to every clothing
cutter in the trade.
Although this seemed a little too
good to be true, the hungry workers
were nevertheless glad to hear it.
The news of Hillman's promises re-
garding the N.R.A. reached the ears
Of these hundreds of cutters who
had long ago been driven out of the
trade and the union by the con-
stantly intensified speed-up, the
system of fixed production; read
justments" agreements to fire GER
tain workers as the productivity of
the others increased) and various
other betrayals by the union leaders
during the last ten years. These
cutters came flocking in droves to
Local -Four, eager to get the mem
bership books. Many of them were
received with open arms and given
their membership books without a
murmur--for S68.10 each.
For time everything seemed rosy.
The early period of the MIRA. was
featured by speculative rise in
production in the trade. The off,
Gals were able to place a good many
cutters on temporary jobs. They
drained these poverty -stricken mem
bers, who had suffered from long
unemployment. They forced out of
their very few weekly pay envelopes
fifty and one hundred dollars and
even more apiece, in the form of
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-11-12

their money to hold a regular cleo
ton. And, above all, they prom
Used faithfully to abolish the tenn
porary card system. With the solid
support of their "yes-men" in the
audience, and of the usual row of
strong arm men at the back Of the
hall, it was all over but the shout
ing. A very simple, very cheap,
reelection!
Card System Remains
The temporary card system, Incl
dentally, still remains.
They followed this special meet
ing with an Installation" meeting,
to which they brought TTillman and
his chief lieutenant, Potofsky, once
again to praise the N. R. A. to the
skies. Hillman solemnly predicted
that if the coming fall season was
half of what he expected, there
would still be enough work for
every cutter in New York Cityl
Shortly afterward, the reaction to
the speculative period set in, and
not only were all the temporary
workers thrown out of their Jobs,
but for quite period of time also
about 80 per cent of the permanent
workers found themselves on the
streets.
Jobs for Favorites
The present fall season, arriving
very long slack period, did not
come up, even to small degree, to
the expectations of Hillman. And
with Jobs few and short, the Off
Gals have stripped away all pre-
tense at diplomacy. Cutters who
have not worked in two years, or
who worked only few weeks dur
ing the shortlived N. R. A. Boom"
last year, besiege the union office
daily, for months, only to be
handled roughly and often thrown
bodily out of the room.
AT first the officials used the pre-
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1934-11-12
:Cutters Local Speeds Fight Against Hillman

tense that they used rotation"
list, whereby each unemployed
worker would get temporary job
regularly. Actually, the favored
workers got jobs and others never
got them. But before long the Off
Gals discarded even this pretense,
and openly excluded all but the IA
vorites from jobs.
This policy of splitting the ranks
of the workers is also carried on
very effectively, in the distribution
of the unemployment insurance
fund. Those who can be depended
upon" to support the officials are
regularly supplied with relief, while
others, who are often in desperate
need, are roughly told that there
is no money"
With these two trump cards-the
power to juggle temporary jobs and
relief nloney-the Hillman agents
have until now secured themselves
against revolt. But they have never
been able to brighten or bride or
silence the rank and filters in this
local.
The rank and filers are those
workers who have determined once
and for all to drive the double
crossing Hillman agents out of the
leadership of their union, and re-
place them by workers, by a rank
and file leadership. Already the
members have formed Rank and
File Committee Of the local which
is steadily gaining support as the
workers see that the program of
militant opposition to the Hillman
brand Of unionism is the only one
by which the members can recap
ture the union.
The cutters of Local can by now
readily see that there is no funda-
mental difference between the
ousted Orlofsky- Becksrman clique
and the present Weinstein- Silver
man-Katz administration. The way
out for the cutters is a bold fight
for their rights. 1t is The solemn
duty of every cutter to join the
struggle to transform our union into
a fighting organization democratic
cally controlled by the workers.