davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1934-01-18
Court Held Liberal in Action
On Minnesota Mortgage Case

Many hold that the United States
Supreme Court has shown liberal ma
jority in the 5-to-4 decision upholding
the Minnesota law creating a mora
torium on mortgages. The decision,
written by Chief Justice Hughes, is
ranked as one of the most important
that has issued from that tribunal.
This decision" according to the
Cincinnati Times-Star, lis rendered
despite the declaration Of the Federal
Constitution that no State shall pass
any law impairing the obligation of con-
tracts The Minnesota law does SO,
but the Supreme Court, in 5-to-4 de-
cision. announced by Chief Justice
Hughes, notes the words Of Chief JUS
tice Marshall that constitution Is in
consequently. to be adapted to the
various crises of human affairs 1t
notes also that the growth Of the Ma
ton has caused a growing appreciation
of the public need of rational grounds
between individual rights and public
welfare The decision Is In the public
interest, and so guarded in its terms
that no State will find warrant in 1t
for any legislative raid, for the benefit
of its own debtors. on creditors living
outside its borders"
1T Is perhaps one Of the most i'm
portant opinions Of the United States
Supreme Court in generation" thinks
the Chicago Journal Of Commerce, with
the suggestion that mo doubt many
States other than Minnesota will now
find a sweeping demand for laws with
in their own boundaries to nullify or
to interfere with contractual relations"
The Minneapolis Journal believes the
decision will not work hardships In
many cases in its immediate effect"
but is fearful of the possible future
Implications"
IA mighty meaning Is seen by the
Portland Oregon Journal, hailing the
abandonment Of the hard-boiled.
heartless policy in which the friend
less and the weak are sometimes OPP
pressed by laws favoring the strong and
merciless." That paper concludes: II
almost seems as II the sorrows and
strains of the depression have changed
the greatest court on the earth seems
moved to mercy by the late years OF
tribulation and trials of humanity"
"It Is clear valuation" in the
the opinion Of the Charlotte Observer,
"of the Roosevelt policies, as they have
come to be applied to business and in
dustry, money and property and per-
sons" The Abilene Reporter suggests
that "if the Court remains In that
frame Of mind, it is likely that most OF
the administrations recovery acts,
based on congressional permission, will
be upheld" while similar views are
voiced by the Columbia. Mo-, Tribune,
the Oklahoma City Times, the Lowell
Evening Leader, the Youngstown Vim
dicator, the Scranton Times and the
Haverhill Gazette The Omaha World
Herald says: 1.-THE result will mean
greater confidence on the part Of the
administration in continuing its own
lprogram-freely and frankly admitted to
be an emergency one-until the de-
preston Is overcome and normal times
return. When they do return. when
there are no more enforced bank holi-
days, when credit and business and con-
Evening star., 1934-01-18

fdence are restored, then the normal
relationship between contracting parties
will also be restored"
The decision seems to imply" &C
cording to the Boston Transcript, that
as long as vast powers are not abused
the court will sustain them" The Wall
Street Journal offers the judgment: "In
upholding this legislation the court did
no violence to the contract clause Of
the Constitution. This Is the opinion
of a majority of the court including
Chief Justice Hughes. Too many as
sumptions should not be made on the
strength of this decision, however. in
relation to the different recovery legis-
lation cases yet to come before the
court. When they come before 1t the
court will apply the law to the facts
Of each case as they appear. and 1t Is
possible that some of the cases may
present wholly different facts. But In
any event one need not give way to
fears that the Constitution is passing.
What the present decision means. above
everything else, is that the Constitution
never was the rigid instrument that so
many Of us have supposed it to be-"
Evening star., 1934-01-18
Diamonds.

From Pretoria. in the Union Of South
Africa. comes story which should stir
the imagination Of multitudes. The
lost half of the celebrated Cullinan dia-
n,ond, says an Associated Press dis
patch, is believed to have been found.
For nearly three decades the quest has
been pursued, and If victory in the
search now has been achieved the cir
-cnmstance is important
The story began in 1897, when the
Pretoria district was discovered to be
what scientists cali "diamondiferous," !"
but it was not until 1908 that the sur
passing richness Of the field was dem
enstrated. Gems found in i've months
IN the last-named year realized ap-
proximately half million dollars. The
Cullinan was unearthed on January
~. 1905. Weighing 3,025 carats. or
more than one and half pounds avoir-
dupois, It was acclaimed the largest
Evening star., 1934-01-18
THIS AND THAT
BY CHARLES Z. TRACEWELL.

what do you think about that?"
asked q very small fancier, who hap
pened to be in the audience
Templeton Jones remembered that
he had waited until the very large
'fan" had vanished from sight.
II think" said Jones, very firmly,
that he Is q liar"
Jones only q few days previous had
heard Of q fancier who lost four
Scalare when the water In his tank
went down to IS degrees Just one night
He could be forgiven for doubling
the boastful murmurs Of the large gen.
tleman.
Temperature and food-on these two
subjects, in particular, fish fanciers
differ. and seemingly always will differ.
During the recent cold spell Jones
heard from one friend who lost is out
Of IL guppies In q single night. and
guppies, as every one knows. are the
The very same day he received q
letter from a fancier who asserted that
his own tanks went down to 65 degrees,
and even lower.
Jones, trying to be fair, made no
generalizations from these reports. It
would require hundreds of such reports
before one could be sure, one way or
the other. All he knew was that most
Of the authorities agreed on "a to rs
degrees, certainly not lower than 10
degrees.
When Jones decided to try his hand
at his own brand of food he brought
into play q double boiler, such as Is
to be found in any kitchen.
h<,ff - 1oI
brought 1t to boil
In the top he put half q cup Of
oatmeal, with two and one half cups
Of water, and cooked 1t for half an
hour
Then he poured in q half cup of
ground salmon eggs, redolent of the
great open waters. This he mixed into
the batter until the whole was of a
fine salmon color-and odor.
Then he poured In q quarter OF q
teaspoon of cod liver oil.
Beaten well, the mixture was spread
out on q tin to dry.
+ \ 4
The top dried quickly, into a nice
crust. but underneath all remained
plastic.
The only chance Of keeping such
foods Is to dry them very hard. then
grlnQ tnem TO the size desired, after
which they are to be put at once into
containers, as alright as possible.
When Templeton Jones came down.
stairs next morning he tested his fish
food. 1t was still soggy.
Turning on the oven to "slow," he
inserted his tin of batter.
And then what an odor!
Redolent of the great Pacific, where
salmon are salmon, the fragrance of
Templeton Jones personal brand OF
fish food slowly spread all over the
house, and far down the street, he
imagined.
At last 1t was dry.
Jones thought he would break of a
few small pieces and try them out on
one of his favorite fishes, a large
cichlid nicknamed among the fanciers
Jack Dempsey"
Jack was at the bottom Of. his
aquarium, from which he had torn all
Of his plants, being a ruthless fellow
Jones leaned over the water, drop
ping in a few large crumbs.
Plop! Jack snapped, took q bite,
settled down to the bottom to chew,
Jones thought
Then Jack spit 1t out.
Evening star., 1934-01-18

diamond ever excayated.' Experts con-
ceded that It was three times the sise
Of any other Known stone. It was pur-
chased by the Transvasl government
in 1907 and presented 70 King Ed
ward VII
Amsterdam Iapidaries were commits
stoned to cut and polish the royal treas
ure. They divided it into nine large
sections and . number Of small "frag-
ments." The largest unit. when nm
ished, weighed SIG carats. Each inte-
gral was Judged absolutely fiawless.
But while the labor Of "perfecting"
the stone proceeded. miners back in
Pretoria were wrestling with problem
which the size and shape Of the orig
inal presented. They surmised that
somewhere in the terrain In which the
fnd had been made there was another
"half," another Jewel Of the same
primitive formation and Of about the
same extraordinary dimensions. The
matter was widely discussed. It be-
came an objective In the minds Of all
concerned to locate the brother treas
ure. The field was ransacked, but no
immediate results were forthcoming.
Only now, after twenty-nine years, does
1t appear that the lost has been found.
II the current report be true, some
ones fortune is made.
However, it will not be merely the
fortunate finder who will rejoice.
Thousands Of persons who never pos
sess any costly gems Of their own are
intrigued by the romance which at
taches to what La Bruyere denominated
the "rarest things on earth-next to q
spirit Of discernment."
Evening star., 1934-01-18

H. readiness to stand BY the new Presi-
dent. It has issued . call to all Cubans
to observe January Al - ''Mendieta
day" and to display alongside the
national banner white nag. Agnifying
the end Of internal warfare.
Perhaps most important Of all for
President Mendieta's immediate pur-
poses Is the backing Of Col. Fulgencia
Batista, the redoubtable head Of the
army. Ever since Grau San Martin
fell from the presidency, few days ago.
civil war has menaced Cuba as . result
Of the clashing ambitions Of Col.
Batista and former Minister of War
Antonio Guiteras. The latter, It ap-
pears, with the navy as his ally, maneu-'
vered Senor Hevia into the presidency
against the opposition Of Batista. Now
both Hevia and Guiteras are out OF
ONCE, and the combined armed forces
OF the country, presumably, have once
again come under the domination Of the
artful Batista, engineer in chief Of the
"sergeants' revolt" which deposed
De cespedes in September and held
Grau San Martin in power until this
week.
Col. Mendieta is held In high esteem
in the United States. His capacity and
background are such as to justify the
expectation Of American recognition OF
his regime, If it can supply any sort
of evidence that 1t Is not just another
factional makeshift resting on shifting
sands. Cuba's need for an end OF her
political distress is bitterly acute. Eco
nomically, things are steadily drifting
from bad to worse. Unemployment and
destitution pile up day by day more
and more of the infiammable stuff that
can easily be kindled into island-wide
revolution and civil war. The United
States stands by, anxious at the earliest
possible moment to join hands with the
Cuban people and stable Havana gov
ernment in normalizing conditions es-
sential to recovery Of the republics we'll
being. The sugar industry-the coun-
try's life blood-cannot be revived until
its market in the United States Is placed
upon an assured basis. Arrangements
to that end have long been pending in
Washington.
Col. Mendieta's presidency is the best
augury in many weeks that Cuba Is
coming to her senses and beginning to
realize that the history she has been
making since last August is that OF a
nation engaged in progressive suicide.
Evening star., 1934-01-18
Cross.Questions
And Silly Answers
To the Editor Of The Star:

To the Editor of The Star:
"Cross-questions and silly answers"
Is a game we used to play back home
in Pennsylvania. The players line up
on two sides, the captain Of one side
whispers question to his column, while
the captain Of the other side whispers
to each one on his side the answer
he is to give to whatever question is
asked. It is q good game for rainy
days, but I doubt If it will bring re-
covery to our Uncle Sammy.
The public Is asking plenty of ques-
tions, but Congress seems to need a
prompter.
@. What is the matter with Uncle
Sam?
A. He was unbalanced budgetally
by the Republicans.
@. But I thought the Democrats
were going to cure him of that?
A. Oh, they have. but debt set in.
Q. How was his budget balanced?
A. BY amputating his veterans relief
and cutting the salaries of Government
employees. OF course this hurt. But
just think. a $4,000 Congressman with
no dependents and his wife on the Gov
eminent pay roll was cut IS per cent,
too, just like $1,000 or $4,000 year
man with several dependents. Think
of that!
Q. Was Is per cent the extent of the
salary cut and was it uniform?
A. Well, of course. many of the en-
ployes had to take furloughs of 5000
days, but that wasn't a salary cut. They
just didn't get paid for that length of
time, though many of them worked
every day.
Q. win this money, some $780,
600, 900 of Government employees money,
put Uncle on his feet?
A. Well, of course, We'll have to add
Just little to that, say thirteen billion.
But you know Uncle Sam is a sick man.
Q. But I thought a good strong
drink would put him on his feet.
A. Yes, yes. but YOU know Uncle
says now, whats the use of getting
down." W ''"'
Q: Has anything been done about
A. Everything from A to z. The
farmer Is getting better prices, so are
the manufacturers. But you can still
Duy necessities as cheaply as ever.
@. What proves this?
A, Democratic, Republican and
statistical figures.
Q. Should all salaries be based on
the cost of living?
A.. No, Of course not, only Govern
ment employees.
@. Should increase in size of family
increase the cost of living?
A. No. Congress refuses to allow the
size OF families to be controlled.
@. Why should Congress be allowed
10 cents per mile as travel allowance
to and from their homes whether they
60 to and from or not?
A. There Is none, silly or otherwise.
JEAN ALLEN.
Evening star., 1934-01-18
He Thought and
Then He Wondered

To the Editor Of The Star:
A few days since went to show. A
group of young girls not visibly suffer
ing from their dire privation of ade
quate clothing sang this, in chorus:
I'VE have nothing in our stomicks
But we're full Of Economics
In the nude"
I thought of Congress. thought OF
the administration and the Treasury; l
thought of the A. F. Of L.: thought
of the United States Chamber of Com
merce: I thought of the universities
of oxford, of Cambridge. Of Heidelberg.
of Harvard, Of Princeton, Of Yale and
Columbia.
Then I wondered II we cannot get
this adopted instead Of our "E Pluribus
Unum"? ETHELBERT STEWART.
Evening star., 1934-01-18

Templeton Jones thought he would
make some fish food.
Since Mr.. Jones had the largest col
lection Of canned, bottled, enveloped
and otherwise contained foodstufYs for
the feeding Of small aquarium fishes
In the city, his desire for one Of his
own making might seem to the un-
initiated as being in the nature Of over
doing 1t.
He who so thought, however. would
not understand the modern fish fan"
as the devotees Of the hobby like to
call themselves.
with various brands Of piscatorial fod-
der. he still desired another food.
4
Aquarists, as they call themselves In
solemn moments, find q never-ending
lure In trailing the perfect fish food.
Maybe 1t exists, but few fans" have
found it.
And certainly not Templeton Jones.
There was q fair man for you!
In his endeavor to be perfectly
square he often leaned over so far
backward that he doubted the evidences
Of his own eyes.
II his fishes like q food, that might
be enough for those creatures. but 1t
was not enough for Jones. One could
never be sure.
He was always looking toward the
end of the rainbow, to q food which
would keep his charges in splendid
shape, at the same time intensity their
colors, and make them swim as briskly
as. In the tropical seas.
iuo food-of coaYrco live fcod v,ofOkf
do 1t, but what fastidious person wished
to fool around with worms and mosquito
larvae and various other and assorted
crawling. creeping things?
Real dyed-in-the-woo fish nuts" as
some called them, might wade to their
hips In pools in Winter, searching for
elusive forms Of "live food" for the
pets of\their glass tanks.
Not so Templeton Jones. and thou
sands more, all Of whom preferred to
deal with simple forms Of ground food
packed by manufacturers who knew,
or claimed they knew, their business.
X X 4
Jones had been proving for nearly
two years that tropical fishes could be
kept very nicely on such foods.
A variety Of foods, he believed. was
very much better than one food, no
matter how good, and in this belief
he had most Of the experts on his side.
It does not take religion or politics
to make men differ.
Fish. and their wants and care, will
do very well.
Let one fan" declare that the trop-
icals, as they are called. are best kept
in water at a temperature of from
IA to 78, another fan" jumps up to
assert that his tanks 20 down TO 65
degrees, and even lower, without harm.
Jones recalled that large gentleman
he met one day in front Of the tanks
at dealers.
He was a large. boastful gentleman
and. according to Jones opinion, also
something Of liar.
TITS all foolishness about keeping 'em
warm" he proclaimed. why, I've some
Scalare (angelfsh) in an aquarium on
the porch and the snow blows in on
the glass lid and piles up a couple OF
inches high. An you ought to see
'em; why. they are as fat as butter
and swimming all over the place
When put my arm into the tank IT
is so cold my fingers become numb
but those fishes are as healthy as they
can be-"
Evening star., 1934-01-18

Authoritative reports that business Is
coming back are SO numerous that a
time may soon be expected when every
body is busy attending to his own busi-
ness and content to allow the Govern
ment to attend to the problems concern
ing the circulating medium employed in
its transaction.
Evening star., 1934-01-18

this borrowed sum In tax-exempt Sc
curtties; under our present income-tax
laws he may deduct the interest which
he pays on his mortgage from his in
come and does not have to account for
the sum he receives on tax-exempt
securities. There appears to have
definitely grown up not only this form
Of advoidance but other forms based
on various kinds of interlocking trans
actions which carry avoidance a great
deal further than the actual sum other
wise coilecttble on tax-exempt securt-
ties"
Evening star., 1934-01-18
High Lights on the Wide World
Excerpts From Newspapers of Other Lands

earth and strata Of innumerable vegetal
growths
Herr Doktor Rudolf Egger and Prof
Erich Swoboda, two other famous archie
ologistS of this city. are convinced that
further explorations will reveal other
important features of a life and cul-
ture long since passed, certainly as
interesting. and perhaps as rare and
treasurable as any of the discoveries
at Pompeii.
Evening star., 1934-01-18
A c. W. A. Orchestra.
From the San Jose Mercury.Herald.

TIom Tue Ban jose Mefcury.Herald.
A concert orchestra now being formed
at San Francisco is made I'D Of jobless
musicians, who are to be paid from
Civil Works Administration funds. Music
lovers, as well as the beneficiaries, win
be inclined to regard this Is Q note
worthy undertaking.
Evening star., 1934-01-18

If John Bull and Uncle Sam can
agree on a stabilization rate, there will
be at least the benefit of a currency
understanding between nations that In
other respects are accustomed to speak
the same language.
Evening star., 1934-01-18

The railways got of to q bad start
in the matter of speculative activities
and a little early vigilance may prevent
the airways from doing little Of the
same thing.
Evening star., 1934-01-18

Many observers are specifically In
clined to approve Of the administra-
tion's money policies for no better rea-
son than that European finances do not
appear to like 1t.
Evening star., 1934-01-18

Pan-American understanding carries
the assurance that when a whole hemi-
sphere can maintain amicable relations
world peace has made progress worth
noting.
Evening star., 1934-01-18

In q survey Of many branches OF busi-
ness it is regretfully discovered that
many of the efficiency experts for a
while in circulation die not function
with reliability.
Evening star., 1934-01-18
Mother Goose Milk.

From the Philadelphia Evening Bulletin.
Milk delivered to Chicago by plane
must seem to have come from the COW
that jumped over the moon.
Evening star., 1934-01-18

The precedent set ny the pardon Of
political offenders may cause captive
gold hoarders to hope that their eco
nomic iniquity may eventually find
leniency.
Evening star., 1934-01-18
SHOOTING STARS.
BY PHILANDER JOHNSON.

Magicians.
Hermann the great
Would complacently state
Look close, and the less you will see!
He'd borrow a coin,
Then in chorus we'd join,
1T has vanished!" we caroled with glee
We knew that somewhere
The coin was still there
And soon might be brought into view.
OF Hermann. just now.
We admiringly VOW,
I'VE need more magicians like you'll"
Then Keller would show
Figures long in a row,
Which any one cared to select.
He'd add 'em at sight
With a gesture polite,
And the answer was always correct.
Houdini we'd bind
In a box-but we'd find
That smiling he soon came to view.
Unto this very day
There are people who say,
I'VE need such magicians as you'll"
Evening star., 1934-01-18
Large Roman Estates
Ruins Uncovered.

Vienna Herald.-Recent excavations
in Kaernten (Carinthia), near the town
Of Allersdorf, have unearthed the re-
mains of a large Roman estate. sur
rounded with a masonry wall nearly 2
meters in height and more than 80 CEN
timeters in thickness. The Enclosure
contained a villa for the resident pro-
prietor and several colonnades debouch-
ing therefrom, adjacent to which were
the servants quarters. bathing pools
Zone supplied with cold and another
with hot water from an underground
heating system), and q little farther
removed what appeared to be farm
buildings and a stone barn or granary,
with partial arcs Of the old flying but
tresses still In position.
Prof Josef Ned1er of the Vienna Uni
versity and Herr Doktor Rudolf Paul
son, the noted archeologist Of Karlsbad, !,
under whose direction the researches
have been carried on, pronounce the
discoveries as pertaining chiefly to the
age of the Emperor Hadrian, though
some Of the coins and other relics found
In the vicinity indicate that the site
was occupied by Roman family as late
as the time Of Marcus Aurelius. Bronzes
and earthenware vessels were found
practically intact, though buried for
centuries beneath successive deposits Of
Evening star., 1934-01-18
The Slate.

The politician has slate,
Likewise q piece Of chalk.
He marks up names; each candidate
He mentions causes talk.
The list at first seems very strong.
Yet there remains q doubt.
Who knows when Fate may come along
And swiftly sponge it out!
"A good man." said Uncle Eben,
'don't figger dat he kin serve Satan six
days and square hisseH By repentin' on
Sunday"
Evening star., 1934-01-18
Whether to Stand or Sit.

do you prefer to drink standing up
or sitting DOWN."
Standing up," answered Uncle Ben
Bottletop. you've got to be too careful
about how you sit down, for fear Of
smashing q hip flask"
WARS" said Hi Ho, the sage Of
Chinatown, ARE often caused by the
ignorant, who compel some vainglorious
man to attempt the fulhllment Of an
idle boast.
Evening star., 1934-01-18
Rate by Carrier Within the CITY,
Rate by Mail-Payable in Advance.
MARYLAND and VirGinia.
All Other States and Canada,

Member Of the Associated Press.
~ The Associated Press Is exclusively entitled
10 the use for republication OF all news as
patches credited to 1t or not Otherwise creo-
tied in this paper and also the local news
pubiished herein All rights Of publication OF
special dispatches herein are also reserved.
Evening star., 1934-01-18

U. U. b.
The old oaken bucket still hangs In the
well.
What has happened to 1t, there Is no
one to tell.
For into its contents new liquids de-
scend.
The dispensaries say the result Is q
blend"