davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1934-01-04
THE NATIONS CAPITAL

Among the troublesome questions which
fronted Congress in the early days of the republic
was that of selecting permanent seat of govern
ment Between 1774 and 1888 the old Continental
Congress held sessions at various times in less
than eight different towns.
These were Philadelphia, Baltimore, Lancaster,
Pa; York, Pa; Princeton, N. IT, Annapolis Mr., Tren
ton, NJ j. and New York. This continual moving
about of the seat of government caused Francis Hop
kinson of the signers of the Declaration of In
dependence to faceously suggest that the capital be
placed on wheels, so that it might be readily moved
from place to place as desired
When the new government under the present
constitution was formed in 1885, the seat of govern
ment was temporarily located in New York, but
removed to Philadelphia the following year. After
much discussion the present site was selected and
the cornerstone Of the capitol laid by President
Washington September Is, 1793 with Masonic
ceremonies.
The government removed to Washington in
1900 during the administration of President Adams.
OF the condition of the place at that time writer
says "The new city's streets and parks existed
paper only. New arrivals saw gangs of laborers
making the first improvements since the clearing
away Of the forest trees what has become the
most famous historic street in the country the broad
stretch Of Pennsylvania Avenue"
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1934-01-04
THE FIRST CONGRESS

The first United States Congress was to open
March f. 1879, but that day only 81 members were
present eight Senators and Is Representatives not
quorum for either House
Day after day, week after week. the members
present met in Federal Hall, which had been fitted
up for their accommodation But it not until the
first day of April that any business could be trans
acted, because a quorum was lacking On that day,
80 members of the House having answered to their
names, the body was organized and General Freder-
lex Muhlenberg was chosen speaker.
The Senate did not get down to business until
April 6, when quorum was finally mustered. A tenn
porary presiding officer, whose sole duty 1t to
open and count the electoral votes, elected Geo.
Washington had the vote of every elector, which
generally known before hand, for President. The
second votes of electors widely scattered John
Adams elected Vice-President although he did
not get majority of the whole number of electors
appointed. It two weeks before General Wash
ington could be appraised of his election and reach
the seat of government.
1t is difficult to realize in this day, when Senators
and Representatives arrive by airplane train and
motor what achievement journey to the capital
in the days of the first United States Congress.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1934-01-04
ELEVEN KINDS OF MONEY

When fortunate enough to get hold of
some Of Uncle Sans coin of the realm we seldom
scrutnize it closely because know that for prac-
ucal purposes one dollar is good as another.
In fact the average citizen is probably unaware
that there are IL distinct kinds of United States
money but such Is the case. These include federal
reserve notes. national bank notes. silver certificates
gold coin, United States notes. subsidiary silver gold
certificates federal reserve bank notes. minor COIN
silver dollars and treasury notes
AT present the total amount of United States
money in circulation is approximately $5743
of which more than one-haf is in federal reserve
notes Silver coins constitute relatively small por
ton of the money in circulation but this will be con-
sderaby increased under the recent proclamation of
President Roosevelt, which provides for the coinage
of limited additional amount
The administrations monetary policies are attract
ing much attention just among financial and
economic experts. The layman knows little of what
it DIS all about, and inasmuch the experts are in
thorough disagreement it that they don't know
much about it either
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1934-01-04
failing for Debt

Missouri and Oklahoma forbid
Jail for debt for fines or penalties.
failing except where there Is pre-
sumption of fraud is forbidden in
Arizona, Arkansas, Florida, Idaho,
Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota,
Nebraska, North Carolina, South
Carolina, Ohio and Wyoming. Jailed
for debt in civil action is frowned
upon by the statutes Of Alabama,
Georgia, Maryland. Mississippi.
New Mexico, Tennessee and Texas.
There Is no constitutional provision
for debt Imprisonment made in
Connecticut, Delaware. Louisiana,
Maine. Massachusetts, New Hamp-
shire. New York, Virginia and West
Virginia. Arrests in cases where
the debtor has made an assignment
Of his assets in benefit to his cred
ors except in fraud or tort cases is
forbidden In Colorado, Illinois. Ken.
lucky, Montana. North Dakota,
Pennsylvania, Rhode Island and
Vermont. The Constitutions of Ore
gon, Utah and Washington limit ar
rest to absconding debtors.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1934-01-04
Girl Find. Ancient Well

1t was mainly through the bravery
Of Sudanese girl named Salome
that an ancient well was discovered
in Palestine. The Garstang expe-
dition found hole only large enough
to hold the form Of a slim woman.
Salome volunteered to find what lay
beyond. She was lowered by a rope
into the hole and dug along its
course for so feet. Then she was
hauled to the surface and men re-
placed her at the work. When sew
eral large boulders were removed
a well nearly $50 feet deep was dis
covered. In 1t. was Is feet of wa
ter, which was quite potable. The
find was at Tell Duweir, and experts
believe the well was sunk in the
time of the Hyksos, a dynasty Of
Egyptian rulers often called the
Shepherd Kings"
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1934-01-04
Chihuahua Breed of Dogs
Loved by Queen Isabella

To the very throne room Of Queen
Isabella of Spain, who was born In
1474 and died in 1547. we must go for
the real beginning of the Chihuahua
breed Of dogs. Always a lover Of
animals, the queen surrounded her.
self, historians tell us, with great
number of pets and would allow no
one to harm them, especially breed
of dogs which were small In size
and pure white in color. These, per-
haps, were the offspring Of the
Spanish pointer, which existed in
Spain at that time. At any rate,
when the Queen popularized this
breed 1t became very common in
Spain and most every family had
one or more.
Jean Grijalva, who discovered
Cuba and Mexico, and later Herman
do Cortez, who In about 1893 landed
in Mexico with several boat loads
Of soldiers and their families,
brought many Of these dogs from
Spain. They were crossed with the
dark or all-black Mexican dog,
which was much smaller than the
Spanish dog. This get, 1t Is claimed,
was one of the ancestors Of the
modern Chihuahua. The Spaniards
upon their arrival In Mexico seemed
to center about the country Of Chi
huahua In Mexico and made 1t their
headquarters. From this the dogs
got their name.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1934-01-04
Leg Rulers Are Used by
Spiders In Making Web

Although the most symmetrical
web ever made by a spider Is not
really perfect, according to human
standards, scientists marvel at the
accuracy with which angles and dis
tances are measured" observes
writer.
The spider starts her geometrical
web with perimeter lines connecting
objects around space large enough
for her purpose. From these lines
she suspends few threads which
converge at the center of the fu-
ture web. Now begins the process
OF spacing the radii.
She attaches the end Of q new
radius at the center and runs along
a spoke already laid down. spinning
out the silk for the new one as she
goes. When she reaches the perime-
ter line she takes a fixed number Of
steps along it and attaches the new
thread. This process Is repeated un-
til all the desired radn are In place.
II the foundation lines should
chance to form a wheel rim accu-
rately circular, the distances be-
tween the spokes would be equal;
but, since the perimeter Is usually
an irregular quadrangle and never
circle, the spacing varies some
what.
The spiral turns of silk, which
complete the net, are more accu-
rately spaced than the radii, since
the spinner lays down each new
turn with her foreleg touching the
last one. Thus the length of the
forelegs and the size of the spider
determine these distances.
Scout stepping" and use of the
"leg ruler" are instructive in spiders.
Even when isolated from it's kind
from the moment Of its birth, spi-
der will produce exactly the same
web design as it's mother and In ex-
actly the same manner.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1934-01-04
States Banks Solid AS
u. S. Insurance Is Added
AL Out of 4S1 Already Applied for
Participation In Federal De-
posit Guaranty

State banks in Minnesota, now
given the added safeguard Of fed
era1 deposit insurance, are as "safe
and sound as it is humanity posi-
BILE to make them,' Elmer A Ben
SON, state banking commissioner,
said in announcing that when the
banks open for business Tuesday
morning, the new deposit insurance
system of the federal government
goes into effect.
with a few unimportant excep-
lions, the deposits of every bank in
the state which opens its doors
Tuesday morning will be fully and
completely insured up to $500 and
beginning July this maximum in
surance for each depositor will be
increased to $4,000 under the new
law" he said.
OF the 481 state banks in Mime
sofa eligible to apply for federal
deposit insurance, AL have applied
for membership in the system and
the others are expected to qualify
soon, Mr. Benson said in his state
ment reviewing the banking situa-
ton.
There are 514.958 depositors In all
Minnesota state banks and trust
companies, whose deposits range
from $1.00 to 100000, having a to-
tai OF 500, O42, 02402.
OF a total OF 535,259 accounts in
all banks 90 per cent are accounts
up TO $1,000; 40 per cent are ac-
counts from $1,000 to 5000 and 3.8
per cent are accounts Of $1,000 and
|over
In this connection, Commissioners
Benson pointed out that Federal
deposit insurance, effective Jaru-
|ary 1. 1884. would prove of inestim-
able benefit to the small depositor
on the basis Of figures made public
|by the Federal Reserve system.
Mr.. Benson said that survey Of
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1934-01-04
Octopu. |. Fierce

The octopus or "devil fish" Is
quite a fierce fellow. with enormous
power in his arms, which are
equipped with two rows of suckers.
The largest specimen ever taken.
however, measures only % feet from
stem to stern. including the ten
tacles. There are over $50 species
of octopi, most of which are quite
small. The majority of them spend
their lives at the bottom Of shallow
water, although few swim freely
and some have been netted as deep
as 1900 feet. In many parts Of
the world the small octopus is used
for human food.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1934-01-04
Bloodhound Traced Back
to Early Days Of France

The name bloodhound, meaning a
hound Of pure blood. was given this
breed of dogs In France where it's
ancestors have been traced back to
the very earliest history Of the coun-
try.
On St Hubert's day (November
81 in France. 1t was the custom to
stage a boar hunt, using large packs
OF bloodhounds. It was also an old
custom for the Abbots Of st. HUI
bert, who bred and maintained these
dogs very carefully. to present
three couples Of hounds to the king
OF France annually. as a token Of
their allegiance
An idea Of the great strength Of
these hounds may be visualized by
the report of later writer. who de-
scribes the hounds as dogs Of SUI
perb qualities: very fast, with grand
voices. extraordinary courage and
power. even to the extent Of throw
Ing down the largest boar.
The bloodhound, formerly used
for slave hunting in America, Is
claimed to be the American fox
hound, crossed with the Cuban mas
tiff, sometimes called the Cuban
bloodhound.
Every point and characteristic Of
dogs which hunt by scent Is brought
out In bold relief in the pure blood
hound. He is powerful and stands
over more ground than is usual
with the hounds Of other breeds.
One of the most acute olfactory
organs in dogdom Is contained in
this breed. Temperament is very
affectionate, they will not quarrel
with humans nor with other dogs;
in reality they are shy by nature
and sensitive to kindness or correc-
ton.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1934-01-04
Naming Of Planets After
Gods Dates Back 400 B. C..

The custom of naming the plan
cts after the names of gods dates
back to at least 400 years before
Christ. The planet Mars. for In
stance, Is named after the Roman
god Of war; Jupiter, after the Roman
god Of rain and sky: and Neptune,
after the Roman god of the salt wa
ter. Saturn Is named after the
Roman god Of agriculture.
The great festival Of Saturn, a
five-day holiday. took place in mid
December of each year, and was
called Saturnalia. At this festival
masters and slaves made merry on
equal footing, and with unre-
strained jollity and abandon. This
word. Saturnalia, has come down
to us through 1900 years OF time,
and today is used to signify feast
Of wild and uncontrolled revelry ;
in modern American slang, "whoo-
pee"
Automatically Saturn Is a ma
jestic and fascinating denizen Of the
skies, without any of the fearful
attributes with which astrology
charges it.
Its distance from the sun varies
between 1851 100000 and Oil .0OO, 600
miles. In point Of distance from the
sun. 1t is the sixth planet; the five
planets nearest the sun being, In the
order of their position: Mercury,
Venus. the Earth. Mars and Ju-
piter.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1934-01-04
staples Blaze Loss s15o,Ooo

STAELES-New Years jewellers became volun-
teer fire fighters here Sunday night fire of I'M
known destroyed several business buildings
with a loss estimated at $150,000.
The buildings destroyed included those occupied
by the Staples Cooperative store, Bone Marche shop
Cooperative Hardware and Drygoods store. Gamble
store, Grill cafe dental Office of e. p Costain Big
-Four land office, and the city Cash market.
The fire, which started in the Staples Coopera-
tive store, had gained considerable Roadway before
it's discovery and had spread to adjoining buildings
before arrival of the city fire department Fighters
were further handicapped by sub temperature
and wind which threatened to carry the flames
through the entire business section
Volunteers aided in removing records from the
total loss
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1934-01-04
House Built With Wine

A Hungarian trade paper has pub
lished a remarkable story of a new
use for wine. In a provincial town
of northern Hungary houses were
being built In a vineyard on rocky
soil. Water is scarce and precious
In that district and is carried In
barrels to the hills. There was
not enough water for mixing the
mortar, so the vine grower. for
whom the house was built, and
whose cellar was full of unsold and
unstable wines mastered the sit
uation by putting a few casks of
wine at the mason's disposal in sub
stitution for water. Thus for the
first time a Hungarian house was
built with wine.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1934-01-04
Thursday, January 4, 1894

$500 member banks Of the Federal
Reserve system showed that the
deposit insurance would apply pre-
ponderantly in favor of the small
depositor. Figured by percentage a
total of 96.5 per cent of the de-
positors whose deposits total less
than $500 will be insured; 1.9 per
cent of the insurance will apply to
deposits of $2,501 to 5000; g per
cent to depositors having 5000 to
$4,000 and per cent to deposit
ors having $4,000 to $4,000. De-
posts in all the state and savings
banks and trust companies in Min
nesota total $184, 094, 1896. OF this
sum $59, 865, 841.48 represents de-
posts under $1,000; $30,176, 1924
represents deposits from 1000 to
$1,000 and $94, O52, 309.94 represents
deposits over $1,000.
These figures prove that although
Minnesota is primarily an agricul-
tural state it has not escaped con-
centration of wealth since 3.8 per
cent of all accounts total $94
3O9.94 or more than the remaining
962 per cent accounts totaling $780,
042, 024.O2.
Commissioner Benson hailed the
deposit insurance as a revolution
airy development in banking, favor
able to the small depositor as
shown by the above figures. He
has publicly disapproved the
other feature Of the Glass guar
ranty bill, because it discriminates
against independent state banks re-
quiring that they join the Federal
Reserve system by January 1, 1896,
or go out of existence. Commission
er Benson has termed his feature
destructive" because it would vir-
tually eliminate state banking
sovereignty.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1934-01-04

A woman unknown to the at
taches walked into the Westminst-
er hospital in London, left a box
containing $4,000 and walked out
again.
David Donaldson was arrested
for a theft committed in London
25 years ago.
Only two hours after taking the
pledge to escape a fine for intoxi-
cation, Henry Drohr, of st. Louis,
was found drunk and absolutely
nude on the street.
Henry Stulks, of Sheffield, Eng,
viii be unable to sit down for some
time because Miss Mary Leighton
stabbed him with a sword as he
was running away after she found
him burglarizing her home.
Health officers visiting the home
of j. c. Martin in London found
his two-year-old son smoking a
cigarette and arrested the father.
Rev. o. &c. Hayden, of Gloucester,
Eng, has been ordered to trial for
swearing and conducting himself
indiscreetly.
Mrs. Eleanor Bush, of Glasgow,
was sent to prison for four months
for making false accusations
against another woman for spite.
Harold Vincent, of London, advo-
cate of sun worship, was arrested
for wearing too few clothes.
Maurice Nelson, of Glasgow, tes-
titled in his divorce suit that he
had to do all the household work,
including cooking and washing.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1934-01-04
Cattle Craze ON Asparagu.

Asparagus. the highly priced veg
etable for which Americans at
times are forced to pay high prices,
grows so freely In the wild state
In Russia the cattle Craze on it. The
plant also grows wild on the south
ern coast Of England. There are
some $50 known varieties of aspara-
gus, the most common being the So
called esculent asparagus, which is
used for table purposes. It has
been under cultivation for more
than 1000 years. The usual prac-
tice is to grow 1t for two years in
the nursery bed before setting it
out and then no shoots are cut off
at least for two years.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1934-01-04
State News Briefs
From Our Exchanges
Farm Home North Of Melrose Burns

MELROSE-The farm home of Jos. Kuhlnan
several miles northeast of town burned to the
ground Sunday forenoon causing a heavy loss and
hardship to the family.
Mr.. kaufman was alone at the home during the
forenoon, having been ailng for several days pre-
vious. His wife and a son and daughter, Gust and
Agnes, at church here. The oldest son, Henry,
had gone to Ward Springs from where his sister,
Rose, and her child were to return with him and
spend Christmas Eve at the kaufman home
The fire started on the roof and was first noticed
by neighbor, Jos. Rotzen- He drove to the place
and entered the house to ind Mr.. Kuhlmann sitting
in the kitchen Of the fact that his home
on Dire. The flames had then gained considerable
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1934-01-04
The Angry Tree

A tree that grows in the Far East
is known as the angry tree. It is
said to be one Of the wonders Of
plant life. When fully grown it is
about eight feet In height, and
every day at sunset. it closes its
leaves together In coils, and curls
its twigs to the semblance of pig
tails. When thus settled for the
night If touched 1t will evince agi
tation and fiutter as II impatient
at being disturbed. If roughly
shaken, it will emit sickening odor
which. if inhaled, causes violent
headache.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1934-01-04
wild Duck Hide. When MouIting

The wild duck becomes so ashamed
Of himself during moulting that he
goes into complete hiding; you will
see him and his male companions
in the heart of the reed-beds on the
margins of lakes, and they do this
for very good reason. Flight at
this time would be impossible, for
each bird mouths practically the
whole of its flight feathers at once.
Nature, however. is kind. for If they
still wore their brilliant metallic
plumage, they would be conspicuous
even In the reed-bed. so she clothes
them in subdued ECLIPSE" dress
which il more like the somber colors
of the female.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1934-01-04

Roadway and with little help available It posi-
Bile to save only few household articles
Mrs. HUFFMAN and children on their return home
from church the building ablaze and were fran
tic for fear that Mr.. Kuhlmann may have been
caught In the flames.
Very little Of the household goods was saved and
among the articles lost the gifts which to
be distributed at the family gathering Christmas
Eve.
The loss is partly covered by insurance in the
Melrose Farmers Mutual Fire Insurance Co-Mel-
rose Beacon
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1934-01-04
Fire Destroys 100000 Han at Hibbing, Mimi

FIRE destroys s6OOOOO HAL at HiDDing, MIMI
EIIBBING- Hibbng's 100000 recreational build
ing was destroyed by fire Dec. % as hundreds of
volunteer rernen braved 40 below temperatures
and strong northwest winds to salvage portion of
the furnishings.
Fireman Archie Pesseri leaped from ladder as
wall crumbled and suffered minor injuries.
Payments the structure completed by
the community last March. Village officials said the
insurance would not cover the loss.
The fire leaves the Hbbing hockey team with
out rink. James Early president Of the club, said
he was considering disbanding to make road
team only
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1934-01-04
Indian Reservation.

Indian reservations are found in
Arizona, California, Kansas, Michi-
gan, Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska,
Nevada, New Mexico. New York,
North Dakota. North Carolina, Okla
homa, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah,
Washington, wisconsin and Wy
oming.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1934-01-04

SUBSCRIBE FOB THE HERALD
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1934-01-04

READ THE WANT COLUMNS.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1934-01-04
Badly Burned AS Tire Patching Catches Fire

FERGUS FAIIS-Burned when q can of tire
patching exploded Clara Odenburg, 11year-old
daughter Of Mr.. and Mrs. Fred Oldenburg, nearly
lost her life last week. The child, with her small
brother had to the attic in quest of the patch
ing for members of the family who were obliged to
fix a tire, and upon opening can found the com
tents to be dried While Clara opened another can
to examine its contents the little brother struck
match which set fire to the contents of the in her
hands The flames enveloped her and she was pain
fully burned abou the face.