davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1934-03-02
Empress Elizabeth.

An American educated commoner
has just become an empress-her
imperial majesty of the new Empire
Of Manchuria, or Manchukuo, as the
independent" state carved out of
Northernmost China by Japan has
come to be known. In a dispatch from
Hsinking, capital Of the baby realm,
the Associated Press presents the
first who's who" Of the empress-to-
be to reach the outside world,
Her name at the moment is Eliza
beth Pu-Yi, wife of the former boy
Emperor Of China, Henry Pu-Yi, who
on March ! Is to become Emperor of
Manchuria. She is the daughter of
a Manchu business man, Jung Yuang,
the head Of an investment concern
in Hsinking. Ten years after his
dethronement as Emperor of all
China, Pu-Yi selected Elizabeth as his
bride from group Of photographs
Of "marriageable young ladies'" sub
mitted to him by his advisers. She
was then described as "a Manchu
beauty"
In her earlier days at Peiping,
Elizabeth Pu-Yi received part of her
education from two American women,
the Misses Miriam and Isabel Ingram,
daughters Of a Congregational mis-
sionary Of Philadelphia. From them
she learned English, history and
something about western life. She
came to be regarded as modern In
her ideas and tastes.
In accordance with Oriental Gus
tom, Empress Elizabeth Of Manchu-
ria IS not destined to play a role in
the affairs of the empire. She will
continue 10 lead a life Of seclusion
and loneliness. But If she has not
entirely forgotten the influence of
her upbringing at the hands Of her
two Pennsylvania tutors, the United
States, even If it does not recognize
Manchuria, ought at least to have a
friend at court in Hsinking.
Evening star., 1934-03-02
Alice i'm Blunderland''
Editorial Illuminating

10 Ine 8olto9 OF the Bar:
Your editorial Of February ~, 1894,
entitled Alice In Blunderland" will
undoubtedly take its place Is one Of
the newspaper classics Of 1884. There
Is, however, very sad angle to this
spectacle now being presented On the
Hill, and that is the possible Joss Of
public confidence and respect 20 long
associated with our supreme lawfnak-
ing body, the United States Senate.
A careful reading Of the testimony
given before the Black Air and Ocean
Mail Investigating Committee will
disclose what American citizens can
be subjected to by the power of q
lawmaking body which disregards
their constitutional rights and ignores
judicial rules and practices long es-
tablished for their protection.
New principles in the relationship
existing between the Government
and its citizens which violate every
American notion Of fair play are
apparently sanctioned by some men,
bers Of the committee in their ques-
tioning of witnesses and In comments
to the press.
A mans reputation Is a precious
thing, and no one, excepting members
of Congress, may assail it without
being called to account. Congressional
immunity may be necessary in the
public interest, but no one can de-
fend an abuse Of this privilege which
tends to injure the character of a
man without conclusive evidence un-
refuted by the accused.
One may now reasonably assume
that the Senate is giving its approval
to the proposition that 1t is entirely
proper for It's members to publicly
broadcast charges, inferences or suspi-
cions relative to the acts Of q public
official and then send out an army
Of investigators in an attempt to find
evidence in support of their conten-
tions.
One may also assume from the ques-
tions, answers, remarks and press in
terviews emanating from this inves-
tigation that from now on, with
Senate approval, the Government may
properly disregard its legal and moral
obligations formerly recognized as
binding in contracts existing between
the Government and its citizens. I
do not believe that many members
Of the Senate, free from party coercion,
will subscribe to any such contention,
and there is some comfort in that
thought
Having served as First Assistant
Postmaster General during the last
administration, realize that any
statement Of mine commencing the
building up Of commercial aviation
by former Postmaster General Brown
would be regarded by many as coming
from one who might be Influenced
by personal or party loyalty, so I will
let others examine the record and
pass Judgment.
have the highest regard for the
sovereign power and dignity. of the
United States Senate, but that does
not preclude my protesting an implied
sanction that men may be declared
guilty and given a hearing later after
regulations have been smeared, neither
does it restrain me from protesting
senatorial sanction of broken con-
tracts, broken faith and needless sacri-
fee of life
The Nation will laugh over Alice
in Blunderland." and l am hopeful
that it will result in calling the at
tention Of the people to some Of
the disturbing features of the new
philosophy. ARCH COLEMAN.
Evening star., 1934-03-02

26,000-ton cruiser to match the IA
NOUS 10,000-ton German pocket bat
tleships."
One Of the grounds assigned for the
prospective approval Of Germany's re-
armament plans IS the French con-
viction that Herr Hitler has reason
on his side in advocating them. He
has argued that the Reich needs to
rearm to keep factories going. In the
fight against unemployment, and
that it is impossible to dissolve the
Nazi storm troops lest they turn
against the government and precipi-
tate civil war in Germany.
Thus, it sorrowfully appears, Europe's
quest for the path to disarmament
has led it straight down the road
leading to more armament. If the
reputed Franco German understand
ing is borne out by actual develop
ments, 1t means that the Old World
is about to embark afresh upon an
armaments race of illimitable dimen-
sions. 1t will, it goes without saying,
not be confined to France and Ger
many. Their respective neighbors will
be directly and Immediately affected
II It leads to q competition In naval
ornaments the race will not be lin
tied to the Continent. Great Britain
would be interested in that phase
of it.
The United States Is preparing to
expand its fleet to the full limits per-
mitted by existing treaties. In view
of what is now in sight in Europe,
that is prospect that fills the Amer
ican people with satisfaction.
Evening star., 1934-03-02
Married Women Work
Because of Their Need
To the Editor of The Star:

10 the Editor OF The Star:
An arraignment Of the married
woman worker by a Baltimore cor
respondent appeared in a recent issue
Of The Star. May I submit a few
questions for consideration in con-
nection with this much discussed
subject?
Has a married woman q legal right
to engage in a gainful occupation
outside the home? If she has, any
argument against her exercise of this
right Is time and breath wasted.
Has an employer a legal right to
choose his or her own employees? II
he or she has, any claim that the
work they give to a married woman
belongs to another really amounts to
nothing.
II this question resolves itself into
an altruistic proposition, has the mar
ried woman worker q greater moral
obligation to hand over her job than
minors, for instance, who enlarge the
family income, or men married to
wealthy wives who could support
them, or sons and daughters whose
parents are able to assume the eco
nomic burden of their support, or
anybody else who doesn't need to work
from a financial standpoint?
Statistics show that q very large
percentage Of married women work
because they need the money. Many
women don't even have an occasional
dole" from the family treasury. The
money they earn often supports aged
parents or other relatives who need
help. 1t supplies the necessities sick,
lazy, hadequately-paid, or runaway
husbands do not furnish. It educates
their children; 1t saves their homes;
it meets q host of other legitimate
needs. Aren't q married woman's
folks as worth taking care of as a
single woman's folks? Besides, her
money goes out into circulation and
helps sustain others. She often Is able
to give jobs to others because she
works.
Instead Of picking on the married
woman, it might be a wholesome ex-
perience for men like the above cor
respondent to have about their necks
the milestone Of support of girls who
haven't jobs In days of old. It
would establish the fact that the lesser
evil In this day and age Is to try to
give all women the opportunity as
human beings to get job if they
can land one; and in the shuttle let
both men and women be willing to
take the disadvantages with the
advantages.
Then this question is pertinent: Is
work necessary only from q bread
and butter standpoint?
If my first two questions can be
answered in the affirmative, the whole
argument Of the opposition is beside
the point. It amounts TO plain cov-
etousness, which the Decalogue
forhids. ROSE ARNOLD POWELL.
Evening star., 1934-03-02
Snowstorms Aggravate
The Parking Nuisance
To the Editor Of The Star:

TO the Editor OF The Star:
The current SHOWS afford q good
opportunity to make . census Of the
vast number Of "street-sittng' auto
mobiles that obstruct our curbs.
How would it be to remove q few
of these, or at least to enforce the
time limit that they are allowed to
block public thoroughfares, instead Of
destroying any more beautiful and
stately old trees, the appalling action
that Is next scheduled for East Cap
ttol street?
Perhaps In nifty or . hundred years
more Washington may outgrow its
surviving quaint village parking Gus
toms, as other cities have done, and
solve its "trafhc problem"-revolution-
ary as this idea may seem-by OPEN
ing up the streets to trafnc, instead
Of allowing them to be monopolized,
as at present, as free-storage garages.
MRS. CHARLES HOWARD RUSSELL.
Evening star., 1934-03-02
Merely Another Experiment.

Secretary of the Treasury Morgen-
thau is not one of those who accept
as gospel the Warren or any other
theory about monetary policy. AS far
as he is concerned, I'VE are on a
day-to-day basis" Neither he nor
anybody else, as far as he knows, can
say with certainty where we will be
six months from now. Whether we
are going to continue to be success
full, I can only say hope so, but
no one knows. We have only been
on the new monetary plan two
months"
In a world full of experts and
prophets, there is paradoxical as
surance in this lack Of assurance. 1t
indicates that the administration,
after examining the situation from
every point Of view, decided to take
what many observers believe is
hazardous course in currency manipu-
lation in the hope Of affecting prices.
But the administration will follow that
course only so long as it seems to be
working. Because of that decision,
1t is not only premature but unwise
to suggest at this time that the Gov
ernment be so firmly committed to an
arbitrary program that the advantages
Of progress by trial and error are sac
rtf1ced. Mr.. Morgenthau was speak
ing Of the bill of Representative
Goldsborough of Maryland, embodying
plans formulated by the Committee
for the Nation, to vest absolute au-
thority with the Treasury in the is
suance Of all currency, abolishing the
Federal Reserves function in that
respect, and making Of the Treasury
q central bank without accepting de-
posits.
Gold prices and commodity prices
are moving upward together and ZAP
pear to be going along pretty well
togther," Mr.. Morgenthau said. But
there Is always the possibility OF
crash, and "I am not saying that
II prices take a nose dive I won't
b up here tomorrow pleading for
q change" Mr.. Morgenthau also
knows, of course, that no one has ever
seriously contested the fact that when
the standard of measuring prices is
shortened, the price Of commodities so
measured will rise. Under a devalued
dollar. some prices are now rising.
This is merely the preliminary phase
Of the experiment, which Is yet to
demonstrate the ability Of the au-
thorities to continue their control OF
prices and TO prevent both sharp
rise far above purchasing power of
the people and the sudden and pos
ssbly catastrophe nose dive" which
Mr.. Morgenthau reasonably views as
within the realms Of possibility.
Evening star., 1934-03-02
Eusope's New Arms Competition.

Gu10pes New Arms Competltlon.
According TO an Associated Press
dispatch from Paris, the new French
government, despite the expectation
that It would show its teeth to Ger
many on the latter's demand for re-
armament, Is prepared in fact to
scqukesce TN 1t. Chancellor Hitler, If
the situation so develops, is on the
threshold Of an important diplomatic
victory, for It would give the Reich
vsrtually everything which it sought
and was denied at Geneva before the
Germans bolted the disarmament con-
fesence.
Premier Doumergue is not yielding
10 Herr Hitler on lines that threaten
any arms peril to France. The French
concessions, on the contrary. are de-
signed In effect to guarantee the re-
pxblic's definite military superiority
Yhe Germans would be granted the
sieht to increase their Versailles
army of 100000 to 100000 and to
auuip themselves with certain artillery
md aircraft forces now denied them,
but the condition would be that
France retain her present powerful
military establishment, which is, Of
course, overwhelmingly stronger than
cysn the augmented Reich army would
b. TO say nothing Of the new Alps-to-
the Channel line Of fimpregnable French
forts and fortifications that now pro-
Dot the country on the east against
any practical possibility Of invasion.
Hot only do the Doumergue cabi-
usts reported concessions to Germany
provide for full retention of present
French armament, but also the crea-
tion Of q new defense force, details Of
which are not yet disclosed, except
that "modernization" Of land and air
1oroes d projected. along with new
oaval construction, hcaud1ng another
Evening star., 1934-03-02
Picking the Right Man.

The forthcoming retirement, after
many years of honorable and efficient
service, Of George S. Wilson as direc-
tor of the Board of Public Welfare,
creates a vacancy the filling OF which
should be a matter of deep concern
and careful consideration on the part
of the members Of the Board of
Public Welfare and the Commission
ers. The depression has brought new
responsibilities to a post already
heavily burdended with responsibility.
The duties of the Office may have
become associated in the public mind
chiefly with the administration of
public relief. But the administration
Of public relief is only one Of many
duties. There are the correctional
institutions, like the Jail and the
reformatory, and the charitable in
stitutions, such as the Home for the
Aged and Inf1rm, and the health in
stitutions, like Gallinger Hospital.
tuberculosis Hospital and Sanitarium
for Tuberculous Children, and the in
stitutions for children, such as the In
dustrial Home School, the School for
Colored at Blue Plains and the Train
ing School for the Feeble Minded.
The administration of the mothers
pension act and placing children COM
mitted by the Juvenile Court because
Of improper environment or juvenile
delinquency are additional RESPONSE
bilities.
Naturally, the person chosen to be
director Of these many important &C
tivities should be thoroughly trained
by experience and preparation, an
able administrator and qualified in
the technical nature Of his problem.
Too much thought and consideration
cannot be given to such selection,
for it is plain to see that even the
heavy burdens OF the Office now will
be increased in the near future by
new social legislation, such as old
age pensions.
There Is food for thought as to
whether the manifold duties OF the
director have not grown so far be-
yond the original scope Of the Office
as to require additional subexecutives,
or functional division Of authority
and the creation Of new positions.
Such changes, however, would re-
quire time and should be preceded by
study. The immediate task before
the Board Of Public Welfare and the
Commissioners is the selection Of the
right man as a successor to Mr.. Will
son, and the field OF available candi-
dates should be we'll canvassed before
the choice Is finally made.
Evening star., 1934-03-02

than 100, 900, these associations would
have . force and influence much
greater than ut present with an enroll
ment Of somewhat less than half Of
that number. Enrolment, attendance
at meetings and participation In &C.
tivities Of these volunteer units Of
citizenship is duty which all Wash
ingtonians owe to themselves and to
their community.
Evening star., 1934-03-02
American Press Upholds
Guaranty of Its Freedom

The Youngstown Daily Vindicator
feels that 1t would be very dan
gerous for the country II anything
we're done to suppress the newspapers
right to criticize the Government, and
to inform the public exactly as to
what Is being done in Washington,
and in what direction the admins
tration is carrying U.s."
Newspaper men are realists," the
Bergen IN. J) Evening Record as
serts. Their daily Job Is to separate
the buncombe from the facts. They
know that freedom Of the press Il
often an empty phrase. But they
also know that the people without an
Independent press Is q people In sore
straits. And that is no empty phrase"
The Chicago Tribune Is convinced
that, "in the light Of all that has
transpired, they are fully justified In
entertaining many serious doubts"
while the Yakima Daily Republic
says: THE provision Is surplusage
only to about the extent that the
entire code is that sort of material"
The Lowell Courier Citizen suggests
that the general reaction Of news
paperdom may be expected to be hos
tile TO any suggestion Of permanent
regulation Of the most individualistic
Of American businesses, and one of
which politicians are ordinarily most
regardful."
Considerable regret Is being ex-
pressed by newspapers" the Lansing
Michigan State Journal finds, ''be-
cause President Roosevelt the other
day saw f1t to leave an indefinite i'm
plication against American newspa-
pers when he said that freedom of
the press is not freedom to work
children, or do business in fire traps,
or to violate the laws against OBJ
scenity, libel and lewdness.' The pa
pers which object to this language
say that 1t implies that the American
press habitually exploits children, uses
fire-trap buildings and u morally un-
worthy"
Evening star., 1934-03-02
SHOOTING STARS.
BY PHILANDER JOHNSON.

Questions Without Answers.
The man Of wealth has comfort small
And poverty has none at all.
Nobody knows what money is,
Yet each man needs it in his biz.
The wisest men on earth we see
Who still in wisdom disagree.
We think when pay cuts cause distress
That other folks should draw still less.
We pay men fighting for prize,
Then say we must economic.
And next we 60 on spending strong
Since any boarding would be wrong.
IT'S thus our intellects we fret.
Nobody knows the answers yet
To all the questions that we ask
Even Friend Einstein shirks the task!
Evening star., 1934-03-02
WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS
BY FREDERIC WILLIAM VILE.

All over the country pens are busy
recording the achievements OF the
first Roosevelt year, which ends at
noon on Sunday, March 4. Com
mentators are in agreement that the
new deal comprehends the II most
momentous months in Americas
peace time history. When Franklin
Delano Roosevelt on March 4, 1888,
pledged the country "action-and
action now" he foreshadowed
course consistently and necessarily
pursued from that moment to this.
Administrationists do not object to
the term Roosevelt Revolution" On
the contrary, they take candid pride
in the sweeping changes In the sys-
tenn of government which have en-
sued. They are convinced that Presi-
dent Roosevelt has laid deep and well
the foundations for the more abund-
ant life" and are persuaded they will
stand every constitutional test. F. D.
r. does not pretend that recovery has
been attained. Too many millions Of
people remain unemployed, the need
for Federal relief is still too wide
spread. But a Nation plunged in
fear and despair in March, 1888, has
been succeeded in March, 1884, by an
America saturated with the psychol-
ogy of confidence That Is more i'm
portant, in the eyes Of the Roosevelt
tians than yards Of financial and in
dustrial statistics rejecting the up
ward surge.
President Roosevelt's desire for
congressional authority to negotiate
reciprocal tariff treaties with foreign
countries represents a distinct triumph
for Secretary of State Cordell Hull.
Judge Hull's main incentive for ac-
ceptance of his cabinet post was the
desire to carry into effect the tariff
ideals to which he has so long been
devoted. The reciprocal treaty pro-
gram widened the Hull-Moley rift.
Prof. Moley espouses q nationalist
rather than an internationalSt eco
nomic policy, pending full domestic
recovery. The Hull theory is that re-
moval Of tariff embargoes is one OF
the surest means Of promoting do
mestic recovery. Many countries,
especially in Europe, remain strongly
nationalist in their economic policies
and will not be easily beguiled into
reciprocal concessions.
X 4 + +
Although Chairman Pittman OF the
Senate Foreign Relations Committee
has finally secured vote on the st.
Lawrence waterway treaty for March
IA, supporters Of ratification are by
no means certain they have the neces-
sary votes lined up to assure q two
thirds majority. They relish q show
down, nevertheless, because II the
treaty cannot be ratified in its present
form, they think the way should be
paved as soon as possible for negotia-
ton of another one. That the pro-
posed canal will be built by Canadian
American agreement some day is
looked upon as foregone conclusion
Capitol Hill is now anxious to See to
what extent President Roosevelt is
prepared to WELD the big stick prior
to the March IA vote.
4
Washington's ever-changing diplo-
matte corps has its latest addition In
Senor Fernando Gonzalez Roa, the
new Mexican Ambassador. He has
ths advantage Of . warm ffisndahip
Evening star., 1934-03-02
Traffic Blockades
At Dupont Circle
To the Editor Of The Star:

I believe I am voicing the senti.
ments OF great many people when I
say that think there ought to be q
ruling or regulation prohibiting mo-
torists from driving around Dupont
Circle, at least during the hours of
from 8 to 9 am. Personally, II
owned car, should never pick that
route, for the autoist cannot make
much headway, and they certainly tie
up the street cars, which Is the only
means Of transportation that most
people have. I have recently been
held up on the cars, due entirely to
the automobile traffic. There are too
many other ways, or rather routes, to
get downtown, and It seems to me
something should be done about 1t.
]. for one, sincerely hope 70.
MABEL g. LATIAmR.