davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker., 1934-08-06
Half of L. S. Farmers Forced
Into Tenancy, L. r. A. Finds

BY 1884 about half the farmers
in the United States had been
forced into tenancy estimates Labor
Research Association in Labor
Fact Book III, recently issued by
International Publishers. This
statement is made in a striking
chapter which presents in a
thoroughgoing fashion the back
ground for the present situation,
including an analysis of the A. A.
A. and other New Deal" legislation
affecting farmers.
The percentage of tenancy among
farmers rose from 43.4 per cent in
1880 to approximately so per cent
four years later, Labor Fact Book
shows. 1t traces the decline Of
farm income from a high of SIT
billions in 1919 to slightly over S.
billions in 1882. The estimate of
approximately $6,3OO,O0O,O0O in 1888,
includes government benefit" pay
mentS of $3.50 100000 and makes it
appear that the farmers were some
what better off than in 1882. But
during the second half of 1888,
when farmers were realizing On
their crops, the prices paid by
them were running at least per
cent above what they paid in the
latter half of 1882,
An average of 204,000 farmers a
year have been forced into tenancy
or out of the ranks of farmers al
together in the last five years. In
1888 alone, there we're $4,000
forced sales or SAL forced sales out
of every 1000 farms in the country.
Furthermore, when the farmers
home goes on the auction block,
the chances are great that it goes
to bank, an insurance company,
a mortgage company or to a rich
farmer In 1888. Al per cent of all
farms bought at voluntary" sales
went to non-farmers. The total
farm debt now stands somewhere
between $12 and SIS billions. OF
this total the mortgage debt was
estimated at So and hah billions
in 1888.
If the number of tenant farms
and the number of incorporated
mortgaged farms are combined, it
will be found that only a third of
all farms were under unrestricted
ownership and control of active
farmers in 1880. But even many
of these lay under the cloud of
chattel mortgages, crop liens and
other debts.
Farmers are paying for interest,
taxes and rent a total of about
s2,320, 100000 annually. About two
fifths OF gross farm income went
for these purposes in 1882 or
would have gone for these items if
the farmer had paid them all.
Roosevelt Farm Program
The New Deal" program for
agriculture centers chiefly around
the Agricultural Adjustment Ad-
ministration (the A. A. Al and the
The daily worker., 1934-08-06
CHANGE
THE
WORLD!
By SENDER GARLIN

DERHAPS one of the most economical forms of oliver
son is the welestablished family habit of poughing
through the many sections of the Sunday papers, Psyche
logsts could undoubtedly produce fascinating charts
showing how the spirit of discomfort kept at minimum
Sunday newspaper dope habit which mill
lions of Americans acquired.
outstanding this narcotic traffic with
out question William Randolph the famous impresao
describes his Amer
Weekly" section of Sunday the
nations reading habit boasts that it has the greatest crcua
ton the world"
articles pictures this weird american Weekly"
be guiding principal their complete remoteness
from the burning questions Of the day Go through issue
you principle illustrated
fairy tales for adults in two coors
The daily worker., 1934-08-06
Even Greater Thrills

THE miracle isn't the thing you'll find the American
Weekly" ful-pag entitled
Medicine 4h Matrimonial Headache Going
greater detail informs that
Reported Letting
Fourth Husband 1t Nice
Keep Woman With O0OO0OO Conented And the pictures
the article beyouteefu that they're
describe There example of Margaret Emer
Wearing the Thing
Corduroy Third
reading destitute workers, isn't it?
photograph Beautiful Estate
Aspect Apparently Without
piness That is Supposed to Dwell in Castles"
There thrills The American Weekly tells how
exclusive handkerchief recently the
verge bankruptcy hourishing
this accomplished? apparently provided
famous French scientist Thevenn found eight
headline by Making Dolls Handkerches
The daily worker., 1934-08-06
Joys on Sunday

YINC the floor Sunday with place to it must
delight that Death Ragged Riches
the extraordinary Cambridge University
Spends His Life Hunting for Spiders Jobes workers. homeless
often pick Hearst American Weekly they lie
the awaiting the whack of the poceman club their heels
the Bgled Their Perfect
Sweetheart First
Hire Assasn to Bump Husband Then Did 1t Them
Left the the
(which Noticed by Cop that's real thriller
photo Comfortable
City, Ill, the Committed" Also appeal
photograph of Thomas Lehne the Lover Mrs Pulse Who
Did the Shooting After She Had Sgnaled"
Unfortunately the photographer hadn't tipped off
time and there picture available of the actual crime the
called the staff artists told him reconstruct the
result perfectly black
white with caption suitable children
Pulse Had Signad With the Window That
Husband Asleep Thomas Lene Her the
Admitted by to the Taking
Puh Shot the
Bundeing They Would Scote the
Branded Suicide"
Little More Performance and Comfort
only $675" coded with
makeup similar educational" that
to find your way around in this American Weekly"
The daily worker., 1934-08-06
By RUDOLF wITTENBERG

THE severe red-brick building is
1 girls school No. 81 Berlin-Wil-
mersdorf. a large courtyard over
spread with dark sand is hemmed
in on all four sides by the building.
Small slender trees mark its exact
quadrangle.
It is quiet now that the noise of
several hundred loud voices has sub
sided. The clock over the main
entrance shows ten. Doors slam
shut. Children stand up, teachers
open text books: school has begun
again-the second hour.
Miss Lehman is teaching the "A
group, ten year old girls. The
teacher, an old maid, stands stiffly
on her raised dais. A large parcel
rests on her thin arms. The girls
look at the woman and the parcel on
her arms in wonder.
Dear children. .'
A girl giggles. Two others poke
her in the back. A pen holder rolls
noisily down desk to the floor.
a.. today, before we begin our
regular lesson, we shall all together
do something very beautiful. :"
A hand goes up hesitatingly.
"Ma'am. know. :"
"You know nothing. Anyone that
will not Immediately keep still will
sbe barred from the celebration"
For a moment it is very quiet.
Then a heavy voice of man is
heard from the street.
Fire wood for potato peelings"
Fresh giggles, suppressed coughs.
Miss lehman plucks a handker-
chief from her sleeve, quickly
presses her nose with it and as
quickly hides it away.
81 have here a painting. - she
says and begins to remove the
cracking paper.
The girls sit up, those in the back
rows stand up, many eyes bright
with curiosity.
a.. it is a portrait of our coun-
try's Chancellor. :"
The voice-it swallows, bows rev.
erently-the paper falls.
g. of the Leader Adolph Hitler
ooh. how sweet. what manly
eyes. :"
How naturally the curl is
shown. )"
Miss Lehman smiles with puck
cred lips, she breathes excitement
into the little ones.
Now she holds the portrait in her
bent arm so that one corner rests
on her breast Her back stiff, cross
exposed, the long head cooked with
self satisfaction.
A couple of the girls look down
at their desks fiXedly, at the end of
row two are whispering. They
do not dare to speak yet.
Nov then. :" Miss Lehman
raises her voice without changing
her position now we shall all to-
gether decorate our class room with
this painting"
COME of the girls excitedly discuss
y the place where the picture is
to be hung. Eager voices sound.
Miss Lehman is happy and looks
down upon the children benignly.
Then a head is slowly raised, two
feet scrape the floor, a girl steps out
from her desk. Hilda Wagner
stands up. She has two braids and
her hair is parted in the middle.
"Ma'am. my father said. we
should. f. we might. he would ask
that the place be heated yet . it is
cold, the thermometer. -"
The tender voice f1ickers and goes
out.
1t has suddenly grown very still.
From the next class room singing
is heard.
"u. Der Al, les in deher
Walt. :" (above everything in the
world)
The voice of the teacher sounds
ominous: "Hilda Wagner! Stand
up"
Hilda is still standing, her eyes
The daily worker., 1934-08-06
TWO days later: a conference.

TWO days later: a conference.
1 "I shouldn't have minced mat
ters, Herr Architect Wagner. You
would have seen the little one hang
the portrait up very nicely indeed" !"
The Rector Kurtz wears bristling
mustache. He plays one hand in
his trousers. His subjects are
history and geography but he takes
part with special delight in the
physical culture class.
Now he smiles at his audience
a gold tooth twinkles-snd he con-
tinues:
Miss Lehman has some limi-
tations from. before. No, no. for
Heavens sake. The lady has never
been Red in her life, even if she
now does turn red on account of this
suspicion. -
The rector Kurtz laughs uproar-
iously, SO that the little canary
bird that rested on the bust of zeus
1utterS up and settles down again
on the globe: at the Artic Ocean.
Kurtz loves animals, the bird is a
trained one.
The architect Wagner, Hilda's
father, looks out of the window
thoughtfully. He is big and blue
eyed. Wagner comes from Schles-
wig -Holstein, is politically indif-
ferent, an enthusiastic building
specialist, an educated, clever man.
He has had to take on several sgen-
cies now to make a go of things.
Too little building going on.
What do you think Herr Archi-
tect," the rector turns to him, "of
reading the Levites to your little
girl once in while? A couple of
decent slaps. on the mouth have
worked wonders before. Think of
the army!"
The father looks at the school
teacher calmly.
"I doubt if it will help much,
Herr Rector"
I'VE have gotten first class results
this way, as the Herr Rector has
said," young assistant teacher
snaps out.
Those. days are over to some
extent. well, gone forever" a
white bearded man puts in, "and
thank the Lord. :"
Rector Kurtz gets up. His face is
sinister.
you will at any rate agree with
us that such Righteousness must be
broken down relentlessly. In the
interest of a nationally healthy
generationl"
Wagner opens his palms enqui-
ringly and is silent.
Then Miss Lehman turns her
head towards the architect suddenly
and glareS at him angrily:
You must have no portrait of the
Leader at home. or any other
emblem Of the national govern
ment. since the child showed so
little understanding"
mo, Miss, we didn't get to that
yet. The small worries take too
much energy. Hilda goes to school
without breakfast and yet I work
way into the night hours. If it
would only get little easier. -
The teachers council turn eyes
towards the chief in concert.
well, now. to get back to the
subject. 1 must of course, report
this to my superiors. A portrait of
the Leader is no bagatelle, you
know"
The teachers rise, the architect
Wagner leaves. The conference is
over.
NURING the next few days Hilda S
y desk is vacant.
On the morning of the fourth
day Miss Lehman slams the door
as usual. Prayer"
Then she stops and fo-gets to
fold her hands. Wagner is here
again. Pale and drawn. Eyes weary
with crying.
The daily worker., 1934-08-06
Chicago Relief Center
Open Classes for 100

CHICAGO, ILL.,, Aug. 5.-More
than 100 children are now enrolled
for the various activities of the
Newton Park Children's Center of
the Workers International Relief.
The popularity of the Center is
enhanced by the fact that the 35th
st. beach has been taken from Ne
gro and white South Side children
for the purposes of the Worlds
Fair.
Physical examinations, playground
activities and classes in music, ath-
letics, sewing, art and drama are
offered by the Center.
Earn Expenses Selling the Daily"
The daily worker., 1934-08-06
A Story From Present Day Life in Germany
Under the Fascist Dictatorship

blue and dreamy, the mouth exceed
ingly small.
80 those are your ideals! And
you German girl? Have you no
shame? Right in the midst of our
beautiful celebration you think of
such sordid matters. This goes to
show. :"
Miss Lehman interrupts herself
An educational idea has over
powered her words.
Hilda Wagner! Come here"
Hilda goes up front. The eyes of
the entire class like so many pro-
jectors upon her.
Here are hammer and nail. Hang
up the portrait there, near the
blackboard"
The class room is big. Miss Leh-
mann speaks very loudly. Hilda is
alone. She would like to turn
round at Greta. Greta is her
friend. Greta's father was at the
Oranienburg concentration camp.
He was shot attempting to es-
cape"
But there are the hammer and
the nail and the portrait.
The class is waiting silently. One
can hear the air swish.
"Hilda Wagnerl Hang the por-
trait up"
Hilda feels her feet going towards
the blackboard, feels her hand
rising. In her hand she has the
nail and the hammer.
Hilda gets up on chair. She
is hammering the nail in.
Deeper" More to the right!'
Higher"
Hilda hammers and hammers
The wall swells towards her. Hilds
hammers. Her face is red. The
nail is bent, it is crooked.
"It won't go in. :" The tense
ness has abated.
AHA! So it won't go in. Beats
Von Rubner, you show her that we
can hang up the Portrait"
Beata Won Rubner throws hei
head back so that her curls fly ur
and jumps forward. With enthu-
siasm she hammers a new nail in
1t penetrates into the wall, seems
to hold. Then Miss Lehman calls
out:
Stop! Now Hilda Wagner shall
finish the job, hang the portrait UP
very nicely to the great joy of all
of us"
Beata jumps back to her seat
triumphantly. She laughs.
Hilda turns round towards the
class. Greta is looking at hel
earnestly. Hilda hesitates. 1t only
now comes to her that she has giver
herself away.
Hurry up now, Wagner!"
Then something unexpected hap
pens.
Hilda Wagner bows down hel
head, presses her hands together
tightly and says very softly: 81
won't do it."
The entire class shrinks back
timidly and anxiously. Greta sits
erect, her little body standing out
like flag.
Miss Lehman grows deathly pale
"Oh, SOL" she says tonelessly.
Hilda Wagner turns slowly anc
walks to her seat.
The teacher hammers the nail ir
deeply. Then she hangs the Hitler
portrait up herself.
Copy books out!. :"
At quarter past one school ends
Two little girls cross the courtyard
diagonally. Greta has her arm about
Hilda's shoulders.
A swarm of children follows them
shouting. Groups run along at g
slight distance looking into Hilda';
face curiously Some point at her
THAT is the one. -"
On the first floor boards and
spectacleS crowd about geranium
pots on the window sills: the
teachers council.
The daily worker., 1934-08-06
Hanging the Portrait of "The Leader

The teacher does not look at her
again. The hour drags on endlessly.
The Hitler portrait hangs near the
blackboard.
From nine to ten geography class
with Rector Kurtz. He stands on
the dais with feet wide apart.
I'VE stopped. Won Rubner?"
Beata Won Rubner jumps up and
sings out: we stopped at the
Danish islands, Herr Rector"
Kurtz extends his mouth into a
grin.
THE Danish islands" the rector
rises on his toes. Hilda wag-
ner!"
The class holds its breath. Hilds
gets up slowly.
Seeland, Laalsnd, Langeland,
Falster. Mon, BoTnhom."
Hilda sits down.
Rector Kurtz falls back on his
heels in disappointment
The girls look at Hilda with timid
respect.
A peculiar tenseness holds the
class.
At last the bell sounds shrilly in
the hallway.
Greta and Hilda walk about the
courtyard in close communion. They
talk to each other very softly.
g.. when did they take him 2"
DAY before yesterday. also to
Oranienburg."
ITO the concentration camp?!"
Hilda mods and bends her head.
The little girls walk about the
yard slowly. 1t is too cold to stand
still
Listen, Hilda?"
Hilda looks at her friend. Gceta
presses her arm and whispers: This
afternoon. we'll make up some
leaflets. about heating and break
fast at school. and about the
picture too. :"
Hilda stops suddenly. There a-e
tears in her eyes. She rubs her
nose quickly.
What is the trouble. 2"
"I. can't go home. my
mother isn't there.
Pause.
The stream of shouting and
laughing children su.ges about the
two of them.
q. she does housecleaning.
at my uncle's."
The tears burst out in a flood
But that's no shame, child.
my mother delivers newspapers.
she has to get up awfully early
at four o'clock, when it's dark
yet. ="
Greta looks around. The court
yard is practically empty. The last
few children are running towards
the entrance.
The two of them reach the class
room out of breath.
Copy books out!"
Hilda puts her hand down under
the desk. There is a package under
the desk: an apple and two sand
wiches.
This makes her feel much war
mer: so I am not altogether alone.
She wonders who it was. 1t could
not have been G-eta.
The following periods flew by
fast, at last the final bell comes.
Little girls rush out of class
rooms, schoo-bags fly, hats and
coats are torn off hooks. Groups
of friends, by twos and threes, run
down the stairs. Teachers march
by soberly. A few of the bigger
girls slide down the banisters.
Hilda says to Greta: I'm coming
with you'll"
Greta looks at her. Both smile
They are happy.
The stairway empties.
Scrubwomen a-e coming with
brooms and pals.
The old janitor shuts the gate.
Translated from the German by
S. d. KOgare.-From "Tnterna-
tional Literature" No. 2. Distri-
buted in the U. S. by International
Publishers, 3S1 Fourth Ave-, New
York City.
The daily worker., 1934-08-06
'Those Poor Russians"

WELL
the Soviet Union cultural achievements
American Weekly They get along with
Pravda" zvesta" and like
the finest publications with literary
by Maxim Goky and other noted Soviet writer's this
received the mail letter
of The Publishers Weekly the journal of the
contains article "The Business
by Bennett A. Cert president of the Modern Library
book publishing industry in Russia along with its allied
substantial basis that
great would be forging ahead today
That weakness acute almost devastating shortage
O paper"
shortage the
the United States And of the Jobs
Soviet Republic will be complete the
of
by the American Weekly" and its phoney professors
The daily worker., 1934-08-06

Twenty thousand new readers
by Sept. 1st means 10000 addi-
tional recruits for organized class
struggle.
The daily worker., 1934-08-06

BARNEY CONAL. writer and poet. will
lecture on "Fascism and Culture at an
open meeting of the Pierre Degeyter Club.
E. 18th St., New York City, tonight at
8:45 o'clock. Admission free. Come and
bring your friends.
The daily worker., 1934-08-06
MOndou

W. L r. General Fraction Meeting. to-
night at 7;3o. Room 203, Workers Center,
so E. 18th St. All Party members in
neiehborhood branches, w. L. T., Film and
Photo League. w I. r. Band. and Medical
Aid UnitS naYA& A4tand without tail
The daily worker., 1934-08-06

NURING the next few days Hilda' S
y desk is vacant.
On the morning of the fourth
day Miss Lehman slams the door
as usual. "Prayer!"
Then she stops and fo-gets to
fold her hands. Wagner is here
again. Pale and drawn. Eyes weary
with crying.
The daily worker., 1934-08-06
" H A t. S o N

Earn Expenses Selling the Daily
St. Croix tribune. [volume] (Christiansted, St. Croix, V.I.) 1922-1937, 1934-05-18
CAPITAL CHAT
%

If you can imagine President Roose-
welt without his genial smile you have
a pretty good conception Of the portrait
of F. d. 10 be hung in he White House.
Each president, you know. leaves at the
executive mansion an official portrait of
himself for his successor to hang in some
out-of- the. way room or corridor to laeep
the rats away. The official Roosevelt por-
trait is the work of Mrs. Ellen Emmett
Rand. In her first picture the artist had
the President with his characteristic
smile. But the President voiced objec-
ton to it and the artist Wiped that
smile off" as they say in the Army.
Since it has been changed it has been
exhibited at the Museum of the City of
New Iork where it has been viewed by
both Presidents mother and his wife.
His mother said she liked it better with
out the smile, while the First Lady saidi
It's very good picture. 1t looks like
the President and is very dignified. suit
able to hang in the White House.
The Pathfinder.
St. Croix tribune. [volume] (Christiansted, St. Croix, V.I.) 1922-1937, 1934-05-18

A native of South Carolina, Daniel c.
Roger, Secretary of Commerce, lists him
elf as lawyer and publicist. He is >
Duke university graduate C88,) and re-
ceived degree from National University
and luscuIum college. For two years a
member Of the South Carolina House of
Representative. he approached the ma
iIonal political ring when he held several
-clerkshlps for Senate and House commit
tees. A special agent for the Census Bu-
reau for 10 years. Secretary Roper has
also served at first assistant postmaster
general. chairman of a Woodrow Wilson
campaign committee. and Commissioner
of Internal Revenue. Since then he has
served on several important national
boards Secretary Roper is 81, trustee
of two universities. a member of Sigma
Alpha Epsilon and Phi Beta Kappa fra
ternties, married and the father of seven
children a Methodist and a 22nd degree
Mason. A book entitled The United
States Post Office" bears his name as
the author.
-..Sel.
St. Croix tribune. [volume] (Christiansted, St. Croix, V.I.) 1922-1937, 1934-05-18

ern section. and poured its dollar 4den
moistuE" over the driest farms 10 a
generation.
Buenos Aires: Angel GalIardon, &c
years old, foreign minister Of Argentina
ard prominent naturalist and engineer
died SUD denly tonight while sleeping.
Paris: Overthrow of the government
of Premier DoUmargue would mean CT.
vii war in France former Premier
Herriot declared il an address h ire to-
day Herriott whipped opp)Sitio mem
bers of his radical socialist garry into
line behind himself as member OF the
Dcumergue administration without port
folio He demanded the party remain
loyal 10 Doumergue.
London: The British NationalGovern.
ment today faced showdown on the
war debt issues and other foreign poll
cies, including the trade war with
japan and us plans for tha 1885 disar-
mament conference Washing on's
warniog that token payment on he
debs inst all n 9nts due June Is will be
regarded as default under the Johnson
Act aroused opposition 10 force the
government to reveal its policies during
this w Elk:
St. Croix tribune. [volume] (Christiansted, St. Croix, V.I.) 1922-1937, 1934-05-18
DEAD DOG REVIVED

In one of the laboratories at the Uni
versity of California on Friday. April
- h, certain mon2rel dog wasasphyX-
iatedwth ntrogenby young doctor, Ro-
Der, Cornish. After the dog had beendead
for four minutes DR. Cornish set to work
10 revive him by means of artificial re-
spiratlon and by the injection of a soln-
ton of fabricated blood hepariD salt
mixture. and epinephrine. Within 80
seconds tn hear. of the dog again be-
gar TO beat. For almost two weeks the
dog then lay in an unconscious state,
but there were signs that his strength
was slowly returning. At the end of
13 h day The mongrel terrier became
conscious and sat up and ate his meal
of liver in true dog fashion.
DR.. Cornish is now watching the con-
dition of his subjects brain carefully.
He is somewhat disappointed by the
slow return of the dogs normal iDtelli-
gence and has expressed fear that the
experiment might not be complete sue
cess in that some of the brain cells
might never come back to normal. If
this is the case then in spite Of the pub
lie interest, DR.. Cornish will have ac-
compished nothing Of any value to
science or, in fact nothing new.
Methods of revlvlng not only anil
mails but also men who have died from
suffocation have been known and prac-
ticed for long time. When there has
been no injury to any organ of the
body which would cause the death
adrenaline has been used successfully
TO start the heart and also keep it
going. There is also to the claim by an
other doctor that has performed the