davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1934-12-11
TUbERCULAR TEST
HELD SUCCESSFU Ill
Colorado Governor Asserts
Experiments With Convicts
Appear Conclusive.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
DENVER, December 1.-THE an
nouncement of the success Of a tuber-
culosis preventive, apparently as SIM
pie to administer as smallpox vaccine,
is expected to be made soon by Denver
tuberculosis experts.
Gov. Ed G. johnson disclosed today
that human guinea pig" experiments
with Colorado convicts, during which
the tuberculosis serum was tested,
seemingly are success.
In medical circles there were re-
ports the formal announcement of the
results will be made public soon.
Doctors Of the Nationa' Jewish Hos
pital here, who developed the serum
during experiments which took IS
years, adhered to their policy of si-
lence, but they indicated to officials
at the Colorado prison, where tests
were made. that they have no doubt
Of the success of the preventive.
Two convicts, who gambled their
lives in the tests against chance at
freedom. probably will be granted par
dons early in January, Gov. johnson
said.
These men, Carl Erickson and
Mike Schmidt, were first given shots"
Of the serum last April. Then mil
lions Of tuberculosis bacilh were in
jected into their blood.
Prison officials said both men were
in good health today and that they
had shown no signs of contracting
the disease.
Denver tuberculosis experts said
that the injections of the bacilli were
sufficient to impair the health of an
ordinary person." and that if the two
convicts had not contracted tubercu-
losiS by this time the serum could be
considered a success.
Physicians said announcement of
the results of the tests are expected to
be made through the Denver Medical
Society.
Evening star., 1934-12-11

which served as the islands mail box,
asking for help. With 1t she placed
a dollar to pay some passing boat to
send the message by wireless. Fish
ermen, however, apparently stole the
bill, she said.
She was rescued by Hancock, who
set out from Los Angeles with his ex-
ploring yacht November %, when
news was published Of the Galapagos
mysteries.
She came aboard the yacht in a
highly emotional state, supporting
herself with a stick. Seeing on the
beach small burro, which Ritter had
captured and domesticated, she threw
her arms around the animals neck
and wept.
Evening star., 1934-12-11
BUNKAR LEADER IN TRADE.

YONKERS, N. Y, December IL up.
George H. Bunkar, killed in a plane
crash in Cuba, was member Of q
prominent sugar family here.
vice president of the Cuban
Guantanamo Sugar Co., he spent
about half of each year in Cuba.
His father, the late Albert c. Bunkar,
as we'll as an uncle, the late George
R. Bunkar, was an official of the
National Sugar Refining Co. A grad
uate of Yale, ne was Al years old.
Surviving are his mother, his widow,
Catherine Stevenson Bunkar, and
three children.
Evening star., 1934-12-11
MOTHER ASKS WARDEN
TO KEEP SON IN PRISON
Father and Brother Join in Re-
quest, Because of Hardships
Due This Winter.

BY the Associated Press.
LITTLE ROCK, Ark, December IL.
-Supt. S. L. Todhunter of the
Arkansas Penal System received a
letter yesterday which he described
as the most unusual request in his
experiences mother asked him to
keep her son in the penitentiary.
The letter, which also bore the
signature of the father and a brother
of the prisoner, pointed out that
several requests had been made earlier
in the year for furlough. but askeA
that they now be disregarded.
Now that it is Winter, we would
thank you if you will keep him, as
there is no work and it would be
hard for him to start over. It would
be too much of q hardship" the
mother wrote.
Evening star., 1934-12-11
WOMAN GETS 2 YEARS
IN BIG MAIL RAID
Mrs. Ida Schaefer Pleads Guilty
to Aiding 1924, 900 sacra.
mento Robbery.

BY the Associated Press.
SACRAMENTO, Calf, December
11.-Mrs. Ida Schader, who was in
dicted more than year ago on charges
Of having aided in the $234,000 rob-
berry of the Sacramento post office,
pleaded guilty yesterday and was SEN
fenced to serve two years in Federal
reformatory in West Virginia. She
appeared in court with her attorney,
Hugh Smith, of San Francisco.
She was named in an indictment
that charged her husband, Gloomy
Gus" Schaefer, Roger Touhy, William
P. Barry, George Red" Kerr and
John Doe with having robbed the local
post ONCE February 9, 1888.
Schaefer and Touhy are serving
terms In Illinois for having aided In
the kidnapping Of John (Jake the Bar
ber) Factor in Chicago.
Evening star., 1934-12-11
Obstacles Seen IN Obtaining
Ratio for Adjusted Tax Rate
Establishment of Relationship of As.
SeSSed Valuation to True Value
Held Particularly Difficult NotU.

The article uhich appears belo,o
Is the tert of the pertinent parts OF
an address deliUered Friday evening
at the annual banquet OF the Asso-
citation of Oldest Inhabitants by
L. A. CarrutherS, pice president
OF the Federation OF Citizens
Associations and chairman OF the
Federation's Committee on Fiscal
Relations. Mr.. CdrrutherS is q
recognized expert in that phase OF
statistical comparison 1Dhich he
discusses here.
1t is most pleasing to note the in
terest and aggressive action taken on
the part Of the District Commission
ers in securing a more equitable ap-
preparation on the part of the Federal
Government to meet its obligation to
the District government. As Commits
sioner Hazen has just stated, it will be
extremely difficult to secure a ratio of
assessed valuation of taxable property
to true value, but this will be neces-
sary before an evaluated or adjusted
tax rate can be secured.
The plan ordinarily followed in Sc
curing this ratio is to compare the
actual or sales value of typical num-
Der of properties with the assessed
valuations of the same properties.
In arriving at this ratio many ele-
ments must be taken into considera-
tion; distress and condemnation sales
are not representative of true value
and should be eliminated. A sufficient
number of different classes of prop
erty and in different locations of the
city should be secured in arriving at
any trustworthy conclusion. To estab-
liSh a ratio of assessed valuation to
true value is extremely difficult in
normal times, but under present con-
ditionS, with the greatly increased
number of distress sales, it is prac-
tically impossible to determine the
true value of property based on the
accepted ruling that the true value
of property is the amount for which
it will sell when you have a willing
buyer and a willing seller.
Assessments Changed.
The present economic condition has
resulted in numerous and drastic
changes in the assessed valuation of
taxable property, in many States and
cities, resulting in new and revised
laws on the classification of prop
erty to be taxed in accordance with
the use to which it is put; a tax
limitation, constitutional or statu-
tory, limiting the rate of levy which
may be applied; the exemption from
taxation of the property of home
owners up to a certain amount; the
horizontal reduction of assessed valu-
ations to conform to the shrinkage in
real estate values: and in some States
legislation changing the basis of as
sessed valuation to true value. In
other communities assessed valuations
have been kept at pre-depression
Evening star., 1934-12-11
DEFAULT NOTICE
GIVEN BY BRITAIN
Useless and Unwise to Pay
Debt InstaIIment at This
Time, Says Note.
BY the Associated Press

By the Associated Press.
= Great Britain has formally notified
the United States that she will default
on war debt installments totaling
$379, ,46l,776 due Saturday.
Pending a general revision of the
entire intergovernmental debt struc-
ture, the British note. made public by
the State Department today, said
Great Britain considers 1t useless"
and "unwise" to make the payments.
They consisted of the regular $117,-
670,763 due December Is and $751;
79l,0l1 on which Great Britain al
ready Is in default.
Finland is the only country expected
to pay. She is the only debtor nation
not in default.
Welcome u. s. Assurance.
"His Majesty's government" the
note said, welcome the assurance that
the United States Government are
fully disposed to discuss any proposals
that may be put forward in regard to
the payment of this Indebtedness, and
that such proposals would receive
careful consideration with a view to
their eventual submission to Congress.
I'm June last, His Majesty's govern
ment explained the circumstances
which had forced them to decide to
suspend payments under the funding
and moratorium agreements pending
the final revision of the war debt set
tlement.
In that note it was stated that re-
cent events had shown that discussions
with view to a final revision of the
settlement could not at that time use
fully be renewed.
Position Again Renewed.
Ellis majesty's government have
again most carefully reviewed the po-
sition, but they regret that they have
reached the conclusion that the con-
siderations which governed their de-
cision six months ago apply with equal
force today.
Accordingly they feel that it would
be useless, and therefore unwise to
initiate negotiations at present, but
they will continue to watch for any
effective opportunity of taking steps
in that direction"
Dispatches from Paris yesterday
said the French cabinet was drafting
a note for delivery to Secretary Hull
in which France would announce no
payment on the $22, $685. falling
due Saturday or arrears accrued from
four previous defaults, totaling s163,-
616,841.
Evening star., 1934-12-11
WOMAN FACES DEATH

LEwIsBURG. WA, December II
R.-The first death sentence for
woman in West Virginia's history is
to be imposed upon Frances williams,
20. colored, mother Of a 6-year old
son.
The woman was convicted Of Staying
William Mitchell, colored quarry
worker.
Evening star., 1934-12-11
Seth Parker Reports Quake.

SAN FRANCISCO, December II
R).-The schooner Seth Parker, on a
world tour, reported by wireless last
night from the South Pacific three
severe earthquakes shook the ship
badly" Radiomarine Corp. said. The
schooner gave her position as "in the
vicinity Of Marquesas Islands," and
the time as midnight, G. M. T.
Evening star., 1934-12-11
MISSIONS FUNDS GIVEN
Plea Made for Church Work in
Mountains.

There are men, women and chill
dren in the Virginia range of the Blue
Ridge Mountains who have never
heard the name of Jesus" declared
Mrs. w. E. Barr, director of the Young
Peoples Missionary Volunteer Society
Of the Washington Sanatorium, in an
appeal for funds to aid these noun
taineers
Members of the Sabbath school Of
the institution responded to her plea.
'These unfortunates know little or
nothing of an enlightened civiliza-
tion, are hungry, ignorant, cold, naked
and forlorn," she declared.
Evening star., 1934-12-11
ITALY TO FOLLOW SUIT.
Government Indicates Stand Against
Payment December Is.

ROME, December II CP.-Govern-
ment circles indicated today that Italy
would follow the lead of Great Britain
and France in defaulting on its war
debt installment due the United States
December Is.
Italy was called upon to pay to the
United States next week S30,570, 1876
on total war debt of $2,0O8, ,103, ,288.
Evening star., 1934-12-11
kE!!EtT1iEi|'?] kE!!EtT117iE1i|'?g]

Blessed relief has been the experience
of thousands who have used PILE-F0E.
This soothing ointment relieves burning
and itching of Blind. Bleeding, Pro-
truding Piles. Promotes healing and
tends to reduce swelling. Don't suffer
needlessly get a tube of soothing
PILE-FOE today for guaranteed re-
suits. At Peoples Drug Stores or other
good druggists.
Evening star., 1934-12-11
SPECIAL NOTICES.

THE ANNUAL MEETING OF THE STOCK
holders Of The District Title INSURANCE nee
the ensuing g. year ar and for tt the t transaction
brought before the, meeting. will be, held
m. Monday, January. IA. 1885, The polls
will be open between ! and O'Clock Pm
HARRY M. PAckARD; ssdlsIorv
THE ANNUAL MEETING OF THE STOCK
holders OF. The LAWYERS Title Insurance
Company, for the election of directors for
a oe @ be-
brought before. the meeting. will be held
at the office Of said company at ! o'clock
will be open 0fszfsR HxKRY NJ and pAckARb 9il2Sb M
Secretary.
THE ANNUAL MEETING OF THE STOCK
Company; for the election Of directors for
the ensuing year y.,a and for the transaction
brought before the, meeting. will be held
p m. Monday. January IA. 1885. The polls
Will De open 0faxfsR MARRY NJ anq pAcRaRp flRi5 In
Secretary.
NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR DEBTS IN
fy WILLIAMS hnE 2as y: Famdnt Rysa 81 MAR
TWELVE RELATIVES AND FRIENDS MAY
having twelve me photegraphs made at
d. lle uUzeu anu
up. 1888 St NV. Phone National 1900.
WANT TO HAUL FULL OR PART LOAD
to or from New York. Richmond. Boston.
Pittsburgh and all way points: special rates.
NATIONAL DELIVERY ASSN, INC. 1917
n Y. ave. Natl. 1850. Local moving also.
MIAMI. FLA.--SECRET INVESTIGATIONS
through our branch office there, Abso-
!utely relia BILE. eficient. confidential. Es-
tablished in Washington 80 consecutive
years. Consult BRADFORD INVESTIGA-
TON SERVICE, Otis Building. $40 18th
s. icnni NV Washington. D. G. Phone Ma
DAILY TRIPS MOVING LOADS AND
part loads to and from Baltic. Phila. and
New @ YORK YORK Frequent trips to other East
1895" THE DAVIDSON TRANSFER &
STORAGE CO. Decatur 2500.
WEEKLY TRIPS TO AND FROM BALT1-
more; also trips within "a hours notice to
TKANsEER Z sToRadE osse s5es co Noffh hifa ss4s
Better Take Heed!
Before real Winter comes have us put
the roof IN good shape. Keep out leaks;
save the plaster. The next six months
are the hardest. Send for us NOW!
KOONS ROOFING 933.v st. NV.
1N0NZANO COMPANY North 4423.
ELECTRICAL KErAIRE K15I1S E,.stT15 aSS
Shop on Wheels. Inc have shops ali over
rectory for branch nearest you or cali wis.
consin 1921. No tob foo SNAIL - 49, 1area
Evening star., 1934-12-11
UNDERSTANDABLE HORROR
DECLARED DISCOVERED
IN GALAPAGOS TRAGEDY

Continued From First Page.)
Evening star., 1934-12-11
Better I axe Heedi

TRIPS TO AND FROM BALT1-
more; also trips within "a hours notice te
any point in United States. SMITH
Evening star., 1934-12-11

Shop on Wheels Inc. have shops All over
town to serve you. See your Telephone Di.
rectory for branch nearest you or call Wis.
cons'n ANIL No lob too small or too large.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1934-08-15
A BIG TREE PROJECT

Another large government project has
been planned as result of the disastrous
drought in the middle west It is no less
than that of planting a shelter belt of
trees, 100 miles wide and 1000 miles long,
in an effort to counterfeit to some extent
the destructive effects of western winds.
During periods of extreme drought,
such as has been experienced this summer,
these winds carry away the top soil and
destroy the fertility of the ground. Expert
ments on small scale by government
scientists lead them to believe that wind
break such as is being planned will greatly
reduce this soil crossing by winds and re-
tard the evaporation of moisture from the
ground.
According to a map prepared by the
Forest Service, this barrier of trees would
be planted from the Canadian line, extend
through the Dakotas, Nebraska, Kansas,
Oklahoma and into northern Texas. The
trees would be planted in belts 100 feet
wide with one-mile strip of farming land
between belts, of which there would be
100, covering total width of 100 miles,
The project would require about 10
years in which to complete the planting,
and the estimated cost of the experiment is
$75.000,000. The area to be planted to
trees would be about 100000 acres,
which would be leased. rented or bought
from its owners by the government.
Forestry officials assert that the full effect
of the proposed tree belt should be felt in
about 10 years.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1934-08-15

to land yourself. Double drownings
often happen when a fairly good
swimmer, not familiar with life say.
ing methods, plunges to the rescue
or a drowning companion whom he
cannot possibly save.
Drowning persons, unless they
have become unconscious, always
seek to grab their would-be rescuer
around the neck and try to climb up
on him and out of the water. Unless
the rescuer knows how to break
these death grips" he is dragged
below the surface.
Life saving is a science. For every
hold drowning person can obtain,
a "break" has been perfected by
means of which the rescuer can es-
cape his grip. There are also half
dozen different ways to tow a per-
son to shore. The Red Cross annu-
ally teaches thousands of persons
these methods of rescue. If possible.
have one of these experts in your
swimming party. See that your
beaches and pools are protected by
life guards who have had this train
ing. An important feature of the
Red Cross training is the resuscita-
ton Of the victim. Under the care OF
these experts, many lives have been
saved. when the amateur would
otherwise have given up believing
that no spark of life remained.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1934-08-15
WEATHER CONDITIONS

Pressure Is moderately lsu "A
morning in the central PAS
States and in portions ~ ~
West Gulf States: while hlrh fns
sure areas cover most other ID.
tions of the country eaff SO "a
Rocky Mountains. showers a
thunderstorm have aecmrsa
during the last 20 hours ffaa
South Dakota and the upper ~
sissippi Valley southeastwaFd arss
the lower Ohio Valley. "a tie 3 &
die Gulf coast. and throuFhoas
most Of Florida. the rainfall he.ae
heavy az New Orleans. Ia. jog
inches. and Chicago. lll. i.ao q
ches. Temperatures are normal "a
above throughout most seffiase
from the Plains States eastward
being ~ degrees above the aeasaa.
al average in Kansas. and msxf
mum temperatures near OF slmhf.
ly above 100 degrees occurff4
yesterday in the middle Mlssissla
ri Valley, the central Plaim
States, and northern Texas.
G.. s. KENNEDY.
Official o. Chafes
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1934-08-15

THE United States has nearly
5000 miles of seacoast, and i'm
addition chains of lakes and many
sweeping rivers. Each year thou
sands of swimmers and non-swim-
mers flock to this water, seeking
respite from the summer heat. And
at the close of the vacation season
a tragic annual toll of about 5000
deaths from drowning is counted,
due to ignorance and carelessness.
All of this vast waterfront can be
made almost accident-proof by fol-
lowing instructions prepared by the
American Red Cross Life Saving
Service, author of gigantic safety
program which already has cut
down drowning accidents by a sub
stantial margin.
Simple rules as set forth by the
Red Cross are as follows:
In selecting a site for a camp
whether permanent or for the week
end-find one which will combine, if
possible, deep water for proficient
swimmers and shallow water for be-
ginners. Have the beginners pool
roped in on three sides.
Never go swimming alone. Find
a water buddy to go with you.
Solitary swimmers often lose their
fivao aE kaaob R~1,,k - ..-z1 mt.
buddy system lessons the hazard
Of drowning by providing two voices
to call for help, two pairs of eyes to
watch for danger, and one swimmer
to support the other in an emer-
gency. such as cramps or sudden ex-
haustion.
Never dive into water that you do
not know. First wade or jump into
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1934-08-15
THE YOUTH PROBLEM

From the earliest times it appears
that the problem of directing young folks
in the proper way has engaged the serious
attention of reformers and uplifters-and
busy bodies.
A book on etiquette published in 1850
gravely warns young women of the perils
of the waltz and declares that unmarried
ladies should refrain from the waltz alto
gether. in public and in private" 1t is as
sumed that married ladies were supposed
to be immune to its demoraliZing effects.
Every once in while someone digs up
an old newspaper or magazine containing
an article which throws light on this ten
dency to worry about the young people of
the past. The boys and girls of the present
generation are causing CONSERVATION
among the self-appointed guardians of
morality.
There is little reason, however, for be-
lieving that the young folks of 1894 are
any worse, morally or otherwise, than
those of former times. Like others before
them, they will probably grow up to worry
about their own children and grand
children.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1934-08-15

it feet first to ascertain its depth
and whether IL is free from wreck
age. For diving, water should be Mt
least six feet deep.
Do not enter the water until two
hours after eating-and thus avoid
stomach cramps.
When You try to beat your last
summers long distance record, be
professional. Have boat accompa-
NY you. This is the practice of ex-
perts.
Train for a long swim. Don't ex-
pect to swim mile at the beginning
of the season. Test your powers
carefully, adding a little distance
each day and when you begin to feel
tired always come out of the water.
If you are caught in an undertow
do not lose your head, even if you
do lose your balance. The force of
the water will bring you safely to
the surface If you do not struggle
against it.
When your canoe tips over, hang
on to it until someone comes to help
you, or you can paddle with it to
shore. Remember that canoe never
sinks. 1t is the amateur canoeist
who leaves the overturned craft and
strikes out for shore. The good ca
nOeist hangs on because he knows
that it will keep him afloat or that
he can swim with it to a safe land
ing.
Here is the expert method Of res
cuing the drowning: Row a boat,
throw buoy, or go yourself and
tow the victim to safety. If yOu are
not trained In life saving, never dive
to the rescue of a person unless you
know how Oh Q going to get back
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1934-08-15
KEY WEST IN
DAYS GONE BY
Happenings Here Just 10 Years
Ago Today As Taken From
The Files Of The Citizen

In compliance with orders re-
ceived over long distance this
morning by Paul Boysen, contrac-
tor, from Carl f. Abduction, pro-
moter Of Key Vests new hotel TO
be erected at the corner of Flem-
ing and Duval street, the work of
breaking ground started this
morning. The first blow of the
pick was struck by Mr.. Boysen.
While some of the tenants in the
property have been making pre-
partitions to move not all of them
have been able to get suitable
places and have been waiting to
see whether or not the hotel was
to be built. 1t is understood that
with construction work actually
under way most Of the tenants
will be out Of the buildings by
Monday As soon as they are
riotifiedsthe buildings viii be torn
down.