davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1934-07-08

the last number Of the last observation. After
pouring the balls into the chance order of sue
cession, the data are identified by choosing the
departures from normal which correspond to
the item Of record represented by the particular
ball in question"
The merit Of the "ball method" of intro
ducing the element of chance in the order Of
succession, DR., Marvin declares, rests In the
fact that none Of the characteristic features Of
the weather data, such as frequency distribu-
ton, standard deviation, normal, ETC., are
changed In the slightest. All remain un-
changed except the order of succession.
chart in the Weather Bureau files shows
the line representing rainfall at Peoria, III; st.
Louis and oregon, Mo, during "a years and
the comparative lines obtained by running the
balls into the troughs on two occasions. The
line made by the weather and the Zines
made by luck" rise above the normal" line
and fall below 1t with marked similarity. Also
the three lines follow each other quite closely
in their variations of direction above and below
the normal line
IF not designated on the diagram" DR..
Marvin asks, "who could pick out the natural
from the chance order of succession? 1t seems
reasonable to expect that some useful informa-
tion could be gathered from further applica-
ton Of the methods described. Such studies
should, of course, include analytical discussions
of the effects of the so-caled laws Of chance
which are words we use to comprise what we
know about events which result from the
operation Of a large number of independent
causes.
"Unquestionably a comparatively large num-
Der of factors conspire in causing any known
succession Of values Of weather conditions.
This in itself tends to make sequences more
or less fortuitous and involves difficulties in
efforts to segregate the controlled from the
wholly uncontrolled or chance happenings"
Right now DR.. Marvin Is spending his last
days at the Weather Bureau in work on re-
search which has as its aim the Improvement
of instruments which measure wind velocity.
But he willingly set his current task aside for
short discussion of his "law vs. luck" studies.
1T Is well known" he said that the total
number of possible combinations that can be
Evening star., 1934-07-08

ponents of the "cycle idea" have seen. He has
viewed some approaches to q rhythmic sue
cession of periods Of heavy and subnormal
rainfall. But he also has encountered the
possibility that luck-or fortuity, as the more
formal wording has it-entered into that sue
cession of heavy and light precipitations.
Perhaps a study of the part which luck
plays in forming the sequence in which the
various faces Of dice turn up may show that
the weather cycles are results of chance de-
veopment instead Of purely physical control"
he reasoned several years ago.
Later DIR. Marvin directed his interesting re-
searches In this connection along the line
indicated by the following premise:
Since the fortuitous order of succession in
which dice faces appeared and in which the
steel balls entered especially designed troughs
hold marked similarity to the order Of success
sion Of weather conditions is 1t not logical to
assume that luck, rather than law governs
the formation Of the so-called weather cycles?
"On various occasions" states Dr. Marvin, 'T
have urged that perhaps the best way to ex-
anime the question of physical control upon
the weather as contrasted with fortuity, in the
order of succession of meteorological data, con-
siSts in placing numbers which represent the
meteorological data under examination on
uniform balls. These are then thoroughly
mixed by t,lmbling them about in an adequate
container and are poured into long trough,
WueIG ttlS pdllS dSSuIut d perfectly IOItuttUuS
order of succession"
IN THE Monthly Weather Review, official pub
lication Of the Weather Bureau is found this
additional explanation by Dr. Marvin of the
method followed:
"The steel balls, about seven-s -sixteenths of
an inch in diameter, have been numbered from
to 80. black ball or a blank ball serves
as number 10C when 100 balls are used. A
second series of 80 balls bear the same con-
secutive numbers, but these balls are all col
ored brown or blue by heating. The color
scheme is resorted to in order to facilitate sepa-
ration of the balls when that Is desired. The
necessary number of balls are chosen to repre-
sent the exact number of weather observations,
each of which are numbered from up to
Evening star., 1934-07-08
Farm Value Rises

COME improvement in farm conditions Is
- shown by the trend of farm realty values.
During the past year these values have In
creased 3 per cent until now they stand at
rs per cent Of pre- war figures The high point
in values was reached in 1920, when the figure
was ITO per cent Of pre- war. ~
Evening star., 1934-07-08

formed by the upright faces of four dice is
six to the fourth power. or 1926. These, of
course, fall in many duplicate products and
sums. The throws yield a possible total
of rs different products obtained by multi
plication Of the numbers shown on the up
right faces of the dice. OF these products "a
are more than $50, is 15O and 40 are be-.
low that figure. Accordingly, the $50 level was
accepted as representing a normal product.
comparable to normal rainfall although the
theoretical normal would be 1906
1T was necessary not only to take note of
how many times each product obtained by
multiplying the numbers on the faces of the
dice was revealed by throw, but also to ascer-
tain how much chance there was for each
product to show itself. taking into considera-
tion the total of possible products and numer-
ical combinations
IL was necessary to go into all that detail
II the all-important factor of relative frequency
which each combinatio of digits holds with
respect to the total possible number of COM
blnations-1 y296-is tc receive proper attention.
The relative frequencies of the various
products are distributed above and below the
line OF the normal product study of more
than 800 throws reveals, in a way that is strik-
lngly similar to the distribution of freuuepcits
OF abnormal and subnormal rainfall ON tha
chart covering "a years OF observations.
Evening star., 1934-07-08

A LSO 1t is interesting to note another point
OF similarity between the luck series and
the weather series There are gaps in both
For instance, the product 142 and many other
products below 1926 cannot be obtained
through any multiplication of the numerals
shown by cast of the dice Similarly notaal.
gaps appear in the figures representing de-
partures from normal in even extensive records
OF rainfall
These considerations tend to sunnor, a..
assumption Of likeness between rainfall records
and the results of the casts of the dice. This
can very well give guidance toward the con-
cluslon that luck enters into the weather
cycles as 1t does in the development of products
by the throwing of the dice"
Whatever the final conclusion of science
may pe concerning the possibility that some
control other than fortuity governs the weather
over long stretches of time Dr. Marvin has
added an interesting chapter to the annals of
the related study.
DIR. Marvin points out that any more definite
conclusions concerning weather cycles" and
other meteorological problems must await the
passing OF many years they may have the
basis OF protracted records not yet available
Reliable records in this country reach back
only to 1870, and the oldest of the European
meteorological services, that of France, is only
Is years older.
Turning to consideration of the general he.
lief that the weather is changing" that VIM
ters used to be much colder or Summers used
to be much hotter than they are in our times,
DIR. Marvin continued to point to the compara-
tive absence of sufficient records upon which
to base conclusions.
For the greatest part" the veteran meteo1-
ologist stated. 1--WE must Judge of earlier times
by indirect or fragmentary evidence as shown
by river stages, floods, heavy freezes crop
failures and other unusual weather results that
have found their ways into the more or less
permanent records kept by mankind
But, 50 far as We can judge on the basis
OF that type OF material. augmented by the de-
tailed records kept during the last so years
our weather has shown no permanent change
during many centuries. After all q general In
clfnation Is shown by the weather to balance
one quirk with another and to hit a general
average that stands pretty well from one CEN
tury TO another.
THE present century will very probably
show just ss many cold Winters as did the
nineteenth century. And the nineteenth GEN.:
tury was not greatly different, so far as the
weather was concerned, than the eighteenth
century.
TT is quite possible that if weather be-
reau had been established in Adams day, with
world, the curve Of daily weather fluctuations
would be approximately a straight line were
they averaged by centuries"
Compared with that stretch of time the 50
years spanned by DR.. Marvin's observations
Of the weather form a minute fragment. But
no person OF our day has worked more In
tensively to devise meteorological instrumen@
and to provide accurate records that will en-.
able posterity to learn with greater certainty
what happens in the skies.
Evening star., 1934-07-08
BY IRA L. SMITH.

ALF century ago, when Chester A.
Arthur was President and the Wash
- ington Monument had not yet been
completed, a young graduate of a
Western university came to the
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1934-01-12
Montana Governor Is
Censured in Report

Helena, Mont, jan 12.-(PHA re-
port censuring Gov. Cooney and Sec
rotary of State Mitchell as members
OF the state board Of examiners and
as individual officers, has been pre-
sented to the Montana house by an
Investigating committee of seven rep
resentatives.
The report summarized testimony
OH activities OF the board In the let
ting OF contracts, the purchase of SUI
gar and dried fruits for state institu-
tions, trip to California by the gov
trnor, the award of fire insurance
contracts, and salaries.
This investigation shows incompe-
sence or plain disregard Of the laws
Of the state, or both. on the part of
the governor and the secretary Of
state" the committee charged.
The report specifically censured
tie governor for trip to California
by car instead of by rail, for inter-
ference with scale inspector in the
Prosecution Of a Kalispell merchant
fOl short weights, and for failure to
accept low bids on sugar and fruit.
It criticized both the chief executive
and secretary for failure to reduce
salaries in keeping with appropria-
tons, for the cancellation Of former
insurance contracts and the award Of
Jaw contracts OH a lower valuation.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1934-01-12

Rembrandt. the great Dutch paint
r., hied a bankrupt. Franz Halls, the
great artist, continually in debt, lived
at the end OH parish relief.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1934-01-12
SCHOOL SEAL SALE
PLACED AT $21S,3S
Pupils at Will, William Moore,
RichhoIt and Roosevelt
Buildings Active

Pupils of the Will, Richholt, VIII
liam Moore and Roosevelt public
schools realized $218.38 for the North
Dakota Tuberculosis association in the
1888 Christmas seal campaign which
closed on Christmas day.
William Moore school led with
s98.29, Will pupils sold $479O in seals,
Richholt pupils sold s3747 worth and
Roosevelt pupils Melted $34.72 in the
campaign.
The Will seventh grade realized
Sl7.20, divided among the four rooms
as follows: Beavers, $5.2l; Squirrels,
$500; Evarts $3.50, and Command
ers. $3.50. The eighth grade sold
$3.50 divided as follows: Loud Speak
crs, $40: Conquerors, $3.50; Ace
Highs. $475. and Hi-Bounds, 1925. In
the Annex, first graders sold Sass,
second graders sold $500 and third
graders sold $453.
Will pupils who sold so or more
seals we're: Seventh grade-Alvin Ac-
herman. Jeanne Aide, Lois Drennen,
Margaret Forster. Evelyn Griffith,
Gladys Hawley, Whitney Refvem,
Herbert Raacn, William Weymouth
and FRANK Vogel. Eighth grade
Jean Baker, Paul Christianson, Bar
oara Henry. Beverly Jensen, Frank
Ellsworth and Rufus Lumry. Annex
Faul Flurer. Carol Leifur, Orlando
Monroe and Jane Ann Skinner.
The six grades at Richholt school
disposed OF seals totaling $37.47. di-
vided among the rooms as follows:
first, $5l7: first and second, $500;
second, $754; third. $40: fourth,
f3.75; fifth, $3.50: Opportunity, SIS.
Honor Pupils Listed
Pupils selling the most seals were
Robert Martell and James Janke in
The first room: Ernest and Frederick
Andre in the first and second: John
Smith, Walter Harding and Russell
Thompson in the second; Tavern
s,ierkc and Marcella Weisenburger In
the third; Keith Stitzel and Clarence
Olson in the fourth; Louise Thysell
and Adolph Kulchera in the fifth, and
Billie Lund. Eugene McGarry and
James Scnunk in the sixth.
For the Roosevelt school, Charles
Conrad and Beverly Barneck sold
most in the fourth grade. Charles
johnson and Mary Anne Cox were
leaders in the fifth grade and Ann
Louise Selvig and Barabra Baker
we're high in the sixth grade. The
fifth graders led by selling seals
amounting to $500.
Following are the amounts sold by
rooms in William Moore: first, $500,
second, 1851; third. 5000; fourth,
s7.66; fourth and fifth, s12.59: fifth.
sl585; fifth and sixth, $816, and
sixth. $3242.
Those who made the highest sales
IN the William Moore rooms were:
f;rst--James Pierce and John Sven
son; second-Bobby Myhre first and
John Larson, Robert Ritterbush. Bev-
erly Rue and Marilyn Williams tied
for second place; third-George Bird
and Robert Cook; fourth-Dale Sax
V'k and Virginia Shafer; fourth and
f'ftil-Wilmar Martineson and Mary
LANCER; fitth-Addison Bechtold and
Robert Scl,oregge; fifth and sixth
lanes and George Bounds; sixth =
Marietta Meyer and Wanda Swenson.
Rembrandt, the great Dutch paint
r., hied a bankrupt. Franz Halls, the
great artist, continually in debt, lived
at the end on parish relief.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1934-01-12

Thursday following long illness. He
was Is, the son Of T. q. Burgum. a
resident Of Cass county at Arthur
since 1882.
Burgum received q degree Of bach.
elor of science In commerce from the
university In 1882 and q bachelor Of
law from the university the same year.
He was admitted to the bar Of North
Dakota in 1882 and practiced at
Arthur.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1934-01-12

Judge and county for his case, Is on
Grial here charged with embezzlement
Of $2,89O from the Farmers Elevator
company at Colgan.
In previous trial Of the case at
STANLEY IN December, a jury disagreed.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1934-01-12
School Enrolment
Makes Sharp jump

Grade enrolment in Bismarck
schools jumped 675 to total Of
SGT between the terms of l9lS-l6 and
1882 and high school enrolment
Jumped 1852 to total of SGT between
the terms Of l9l5-16 and lo32-33, q
statistical survey just completed re-
vealc.
In 1916, the grade enrolment was
807 and there were 235 high school
pupils.
Enrolments for the intervening
terms follow:
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1934-01-12
Young Cass Lawyer
Is Taken by Death

Fargo, N. D., Jan. l2.-{P)-Fister
owen Burgum, native of Arthur, ard
q graduate of the University of North
Dakota, died in a Fargo hospital
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1934-01-12
Court Denies COlgan
Man Change of Venue

Minot. N. D., Jan. 12.-(P)-J. G.
Duffy Of Colgan, Divide county, who
late THURSDAY at Bismarck was denied
by the supreme court a change of
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1934-01-12

The English language is taught in
every high school IN japan, even IN
the rural districts.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1934-01-12
Too Late to Classify

HAVE your HAIR and SCALP ex-
amined by Mr.. Harrington, q Ii
censed DIR. Parker practitioner OF
hair and scalp trouble. Examine
tons free. Harrington's. Phone 100.
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1934-04-26
New Westby Theatre Opens
Saturday with Big Feature

Wesbby's q show house was
opened Saturday evening with "For
ty Second Street" playing to a crowd
that taxed the capacity OF the new
hall.
Donald Miller is the ot
he new business, and also operates
the picture machine. Equipped with
a modern new Ultraphone Jewel
sound system, those who attended
the opening night reported the aeon.
sites to be aqual to that OF some Of
the best theatres In this section of
the state.
The equipment was installed in the
new building completed only last
winter by the A. o. u. w. lodge.
which has leased the building to MIR,
Miller for the two nights each week
when shows will be run.
1t is the plan OF the manager to
run shows Saturday and Sunday
evenings for the time being. If pat
ronage continues favorable he will
increase the number OF shows and
also get on a regular circuit for re-
ceiying the latest In pictures.
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1934-04-26
SPECIAL MEETING IS
PLANNED BY AGENT
ON HOPPER POISON
Meeting at P~lentywood to be
Held Saturday at County
Court House

A public meeting is to be held in
the court room Saturday AFTERNOON
at two o'clock, when details OF sup
plying grasshopper poison for far.
mers In Sheridan county will be es.
planned by w. B. Mabee OF Glasgow
VINO Is In charge OF several counties
OF northeastern Montana for work
Ing out the grasshopper campaign.
In order to facilitate the campaign,
the wheat allotment organization tn
the county Is to be used, the same
community groups serving as com
mittees to handle the g%rasshopper
poison In their respective communi.
ties. For that reason 1t Is very I'M
portant that every member OF co1n-
munHy committees attend the Satur-
day meeting.
Grasshopper poison will not be sup
piled to any community except where
their organization has been perfect
ed according to plans laid down by
the Agricultural administration.
Oliver H. Launmars has been named
special supervisor for Sheridan coun-
ty In conducting the ~grasshopper cam
paign. His services will be similar
to those OF a county agent, and he
ives secured through the Extension
department OF the State College at
Bozeman, thereby meeting the re-
Quirements OF the Federal overn
ment to secure hopper poison for far
mers through the government agen-
cies.
Mr.. LAmnaar arrived In Plentywood
Wednesday. He informed the Herald
that steps will be taken Immediately
for the conducting of meetings
throughout the county. A complete
schedule OF meetings will be carried
In next weeks Herald. Circular letters
will be mailed to farmers In the coun-
ty this week with information in re-
gard to the grasshopper extermina.
ton campaign.
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1934-04-26
Mint Cigar Store Leased by
Board For Place of
Business

Blafn Dean of Plentywood was an
pointed by the Montana liquor board
wednesday as manager of Sheridan
county's liquor store which will be
established at Plentywood. Mr.. Deans
appointment was revealed by score
tary OF the state liquor board, VI. K.
MoLanahan, who was here Wednes
day.
According to information the build
ing occupied by the Mint Cigar store
on main street has been leased 10
house HI store. Work was started
Immediately at repairing the build
ing. 1t is planned to have the store
open for business the latter part OF
next week. when a liquor shipment
is expected to arrive.
The Mint Cigar store. operated by
Otto Stadig will be discontinued.
after many years as a business in
stitution of PIentywood.
According to present-plans. an as
sistant will not be used at the store.
Additional help will be employed
only as needed.
Many Bids for Job
many nPPllIdlluuS WE'RE received
by the state liquor board for the
position as manager OF the store.
Much Speculation" a In progress
throughout the county as to Just who
would get the appointment. Predic-
tions simmered down to a few OF
which Mr.. Dean was prominently
mentioned.
blaine Deau hae haan a resident ~
Sheridan county for rs years. H0r the
past six years he has been manager
Of the ]. Y. Pappenfus elevator in
P~lentywood. His appointment as man
ager OF q local store will be well
received throughout the county.
1t is understood S. r. Klofstad will
the position as manager OF
local elevator upon resignation
If Mr.. Dean.
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1934-04-26
TRACK MEET WILL
Be HELD SATURDAY

PlentyWood high school will be
host to three schools in the first an
nual track and field meet held for
District / on Saturday, April 2Sth.
Ali four schools will enter full
teams in the high school events.
Scobey is not sending a grade track
team this year. There are only two
entries in the Golf Meet. namely
Ward Peterson of Plentywood and
Clare Peterson Of Scobey. Both are
golfers OF considerable ability and a
good match is expected. Chron of
Antelope and Larson of Scobey are
expected to stage a real battle for
places in the weight events. Hedge
son and Wagnild of P~lentyWood and
Koterba of Outlook, all sprinters OF
exceptional speed will renew hostil
titles again Saturday after splitting
the sprint events last week. Reed OF
Outlook and Stenmark of Plenty
wood, who raced to a close finish in
the half mile in a dual meet are ex.
pected to stage a real race in the
events.
Little is known of the other candi-
dates as they have not been seer in
action this year. Aasreim of Antelope
In the sprints is a likely point winner.
Tjomsland of Scobey, Reed of Out
look and HOLMAN of Plentywood
promise some real excitement In the !.
high jump all having cleared better
than five foot two inches in practice.
Francis Murray. Dick Peterson.
Barr zeidler, Bud Donaldson and
Vern Strubeck compose the rifle
team that will vie with rifle experts
of other schools for honors.
Outstanding In the grade meet will
Parker and Gooder OF Plentywood.
Richardson Of Antelope and Bjerke
and Mclean of Outlook.
There are no admission charges.
meet at 10 a. m. High school
meet at 200 D. m.
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1934-04-26
5 ANNOUNCE CANDIDACY REELECTION
Reserve Club VIII
Present 3-Act Comedy

The Reserve Dramatic Club will
present the three act comedy phil.
lip For Short" at the new hall on
main street on Saturday, April %.
Mr.. Henry Dodge. the member OF
the Purity League and ardent refor-
nler has difficulty in keeping his city
and the members of his family and
household, on the straight and narrow
path he has laid out. The resulting
situations are extremely com1cal.
The cast of eleven is as follows.
Henry Dodge, a leading citizen -.
Eric Lyngaas.
Betty, his sister :. .Margie Petersen
Josephine, his wife -. Hertha Lund
Jane, his cousin ..Thelma Henderson
Samuel. his butler. =. Olaf Aasheim
Mrs. Virgins, his mother-in-law T..
Margaret Madsen.
Alfred Dukes, the boy mex door -.
Viggo Christensen.
Geranium, the cook - Marion Strand
skov.
Mathilda Tucker, of the purity league
Hazel Kallak,
Phillip McGrath, himself Harold
Everson. O
Spasm Johnson, his servant George
Lund.
The scenes are laid in the Dodge
home on an evening III spring.
The proceeds OF the play are to be
used for the benefit OF the new com.
munity hall now being remodeled IN
Reserve.
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1934-04-26
dust STORMS SLOW
SEED|NGOPERATIONy

Wind erosion, continued at inter
walls over a period of two weeks,
caused farmers in Sheridan county
concern.
Dust storms banked tumDleweeds
against wire fences, and in some
cases broke off posts, causing farm
ers much annoyance.
Farmers report that dirt from sum
mer fallow land had blown to adjac-
ent stubble fields, In some spots,
several inches OF stuhble were
covered. Farm roads In the north
section OF the county were filled with
loose dirt. Car travel was made diff
ficult.
Some early soWn grain is reported
as blown out. Seeding operations were
slowed down when clouds OF dust
.interfered with work In the fields.
Monday brought cool, clear wealth.
Seeding In all parts OF the county
Is In full swing. Need OF moisture is
reported In many sections OF the
the county.