davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
La gaceta., 1934-11-24

SODre QOn Manuel AZ4na eS-
cribe Marcelino Domingo: Aza-
ma, como hombre de izquierda !;
como Official Y espiritualmente
Izquierda Republican,, acepta,
propugna y estatuye las mas
hondas transformations s9cia-
les. No pusO reparo en- elias
cuando en- 1880 fuerOn presen-
tadas por los socialistas ante ell
Comit6 Revolucionario y como
condici6n para entrar en- Ell; no
las obstaculiz6 cuando en- ell
Parlamento Sc discuti0 ell ar
ticulado de la Constitution; las
apoy6 y sOstuvo desde ell gobier
no. Para realizarlas, y compar-
tiamos con el este ~criterio, esti-
mo cCnveniente a la paz social
Y civil la collaboration de los So
cialistas en- ell Poder. Por soste-
ner esta actitud, que respOndia
al saludable deseo de mantener
ell UrCletariadO en- la legalidad
evitando Ia revolution social
que Sc ha desencadenado en- O.
tros paises y que podria produ-
cirse en- Espana. Azana y sus
corrcligionarios sufrieron las
mas irritadas e injustas embes-
tidas de Il opinion adverse a
este criterio.
"Su deseo principal, que com
partimcs con el, era este: que
los sociaIistas no Sc apartaran
de la legalidad nj rompieran
una c~onviyencia que import ga
al desenvCNimiento normal de
la R~epUblica. Pasad2s las cleo
clones, ell tono revolucionario
de los sCcialistas sc acentu6. A
Zana c0nsidero siempre esta pc
sici6n revolucionaria como una
gran ofuscaci6n politica, como
una actitud c9ntraproducente,
como una tactica Unacceptable.
Existiendo la RepGblica, exis
tia la legalidad, y existiendo la
legalidad, no era licita ninguna
violencia."
"Yo podria referir activida-
DIES privadas de Az3na cerca de
figuras g~erarquicas del socialis
mo, con Ell fin de influirlas y
'convencerlas, procurando To-
grar de elias una rectificaci6n.
En- visperas va del movimiento
el dia del entierro de Garner,
reunid9s con Ind 5lecio Prieto y
Fernando de los Rios en- una co
mida que nos ofreci6 Juan Ca
sanovas, Azana, con gesto dolo-
rido, con abundante lexico de
razonamientCs, intent6 por ulti
ma vez de apart r a los socialis
tas de la revolution. Azana,
pues, no cstaba dentro del alza-
miento proletario; no solo no 10
envenen6; no solo no Sc cruz6
de brazos ante ell; no solo no Sc
limit6 a declar3rse indiferente
O neutral, sino que, como pocOs
espanoles, c0nsagr6 su autori-
dad a la noble empresa politica
de e~vitarlo prOcurando reinte-
grar al proletari do a la legaIi-
dad republican,, y dentro de
ella realizar la Transformation
social ineludible, irrefrenable y
necesaria".
Menos est ba todavia el alma
de Azana en- ell aIzamiento de la
Generalidad de Catalina. Aza-
ma es hombre de RIGA vida inte-
La gaceta., 1934-11-24

gel EJefclCO COnStlCuclOnal, dc
tuvieron esta tarde al exile
miente Bernardo Pages Y, aun-
que Sc guarda en- los circulo,
militareS una ~profunda reserve
en- relacion con este asunto, st
supone que ell arresto de Page,
este relacionado con las activi.
dades del ex-Comardante Pic
Alfonso, que tambien fue dete.
nido, en- la manana de aver.
-Esta manana fue dinamit /
da en- Cienfuegos la residencia
del conocido politico, ST.. Ser
gio Alvarez, calculandose en
varios miles de pesos las per
didas ocasionadas por la explo
sion. La Biblioteca Y otras ha :
bitaciones de la casa quedaron
reducidas a escombros. Ell Sr.
Alvarez Sc encontraba en- ell E.
dificio de la sociedad Lice0 Ell
iOs momentOs de ocurrir este
hecho.
Ell DR.. Acosta, Secretario
de la Presidencoa ha declara-
do publicamente que no Sc ex-
plica la actitud asumida por ell
General Menocal, quien en- su
reciente entrevista con ell Pre-
sidente Mendieta hubo de ma
nifestar, que Sc complacia en-
| reconocer que la situaci6n del
pals habfa mejorado notable :
mente, afirmando despues 10
contrario en- unas declaracio =
mes publicas dadas a la prensa
bajo su firma.
La Comisi6n que tiene a su
cargo la provision de las ma
triculas gratis solicitadas has
ia la fecha, ha informado que
estaS ascienden a la cantidad
de once mil, pero que csc pri-
vilegio no sera otorgado sin
una previa Y cuidadosa inves-
tigaci6n que pruebe la cOndi :
ci6n economical de cada solicit
tante.
Ell Coronel Batista, Jefe
del EjGrcito CONSTITUTIONAL, ha
dispuesto que de acuerdo con
los deseos de la S~ecretaria de
Hacienda, las fuerzas a su man
do cobren sUs haberes ell dia
ultimo de cada mes.
Ell Sr. Eugenio Garcia, Je-
fe de Rentas e Impuestos de la
Secretaria de Hacienda, pre- :
sentara un plan de reformas d
la consideration del Consejo de
Secretaries, reformas que de
ser aprobadas, haran mas facil
y mas expeditiva la cobranza
de los differences impuestos.
La Junta Nacional de Edu
caci6n, ha tornado ell acuerdo
de crear doscientas cincuenta
aulas nuevas que seran distri-
buidas equitativamente entire
las seis provincias, utilizando
para clio, ell credito reciente :
mente aprobado, por ell Conse-
jo de Secretaries, ascendente a
ciento setenta mil pesos.
La Secretaria de Sandal,
cOntin1a sus ingentes es~fuerZos
por detener la epidemic de pa.
ludismo que azota a la Isla en-
terra, seiscientos ochenta y tres
casos mas sobre los registra :
dos en- igual fecha del ano pa
sado prueban la ineficacia de
las medidas adoptadas hasta
la fecha. Actualmente hay en-
la Isla 247,8 44 casos registra :
dos.
-Aunque Sc guarda absolu-
ia reserva en- 10 ~ssectores Oficia
les, Sc sabe que ell Presidente,
Coronel Carlos Mendieta, ha
concedido un plazo de diez
dias, al pagador de la Secreta-
ria de instruction Publica, pa
ra que reintegre los 10000 pc
sos que aparecen anniversaries
en- su Departments. En- rela-
La gaceta., 1934-11-24

del Tercio, un tai Ivanoff, lie
asesin6.
lily ell gobierno de Lerroux
no lie ha dado Importance al
"incidente".
La gaceta., 1934-11-24

Oviedo, nov. 24.-Nuev0S de
TALES sobre la ultima terrible
guerra revolucionaria van con
tenidoS en- este despacho.
La carcel de Oviedo reSiStit
nreve dia sci ataque de los re.
beldeS Y al fin Sc rindi0, luegC
de que los Soldados Y guardias
llevaban tres dias sin conner n,
dormir. I'm teniente mandaba
el grupo de resistencia. Los re
v?lucionarios hicieron fuego de
canon sobre ell edificio, utilizan
do una pieza que habian en-
plazado en- Monte Naranco.
Los rebeldes Sc apoderaron
de la fabrica de armaS de La
Vega, llevandose rifles Y so a.
metralladoras, pero muy POGO
parque.
Ell Quartet de infanteria re-
sisti6 ell ataque de los obreros,
disparando continuamente.
Ametralladoras Y ell canon de
Monte Naranco no pudieron To-
grar la rendici6n. Este cuartel
Sc libr6 del asedio con Ell arribo
de las tropas mandadas por el
Oral. Lopez Ochoa.
Para ell ataque al Quartet Pc
layO los revolucionarios utiliza-
ron un tren blindado, en- el
cual montaron ametrall9dOras
Ell tren realiZaba viajes entire
la estaci0n y los talleres y las
ametralladoras funcionaban i'm
placablemente; pero la resis-
~tencia no pudo ser quebranta-
da. Mas tarde los rebeldeS sa-
Heron llevando de pantalla a 38
de los p%risioneros, pero Tampa
Ico consiguieron su Objective.
Tres de los prssos, que Sc
cree eran ~sacerdotes, m%urieron
en- ell combate.
COmbates Sc libraron en- gran
nGmerO de GALES y a los guar
dias rojos Sc les tiraba desde
varios %edificios, entire ellos ell
Hotel Pasajes.
Ell Comite revolucionario de
la Felguera public6 esta orden:
LAS circunstancias en- que hoy
nos encontramos obligan a es-
tar constantemente aconsejan-
do a todos los ciudadanos acu-
dan en- nuestra ayuda para pO-
der salvar las hOras dfficiles
que en- estos momentos Vivimos.
Nunca como en- esta OCCASION Sc
pueden disculpar mejOr todas
las equivocaciOnes y rectifica-
clones que tengamos y nos yea
mos precisados a hacer. Solo pc
que Sc nos comprenda y
que Sc nos ayude. Nos vemos
precisados a r~acionar el consul
mo, a causa de la escasez de vi
veres. A partir de hoy, dia IL,
la distribution de los alimentos
Sc hara de la manera siguiente:
Dos de familia ,tendran dere-
che a cOnsumir $50 pesetas;
tres, 80; cuatro, $40; cinco,
4,30; seis, 400; siete, $50; o
cho, 6,l0; nueye, 6,70; diez,
7,30; once, $780, doce $50.
Cuando ell amino de los rebel
des empezaba a decaer, ell Co
mite Revolucionario de Oviedo
lanz6 esta proclama: A pesar
de cuantos bulos hacen circular
nuestros enemigos, es 10 cierto
que ell m0vimiento revOluciOna-
rio sigue triunfante en- la mayo
ria de las provincias e~spanolas.
Las noticias que ell mismo Co
bierno da por radio es s%uficien-
te para demostrarlo. Todos los
dis ordena que Sc capture y Sc
fusile a los generates, coroneles
y oficiales, pruebas de que SO
han sublevado.
iSoldados de la revoluci6n!
que no decaiga nj por un mo-
Tnento vuestro amino, que ell
triunfo es SECURE. No temais al
ataque de los aeroplanos, que
La gaceta., 1934-11-24

La policia Guiana tendra ae-
rcplanos, radio, motocicletas,
etc. Todo 10 indispensable "pa-
ra mantener ell orden" y rom
per las cabez9s.
La gaceta., 1934-11-24
'Noticias Cablegraficas Condensadas de Espana
Nuevos pormenores de la Ultima revolution So
cial en- Asturias. = Manifiestos y proclamas pa
ra alentar a los rebeldes. - La aviacion bombar-
dec las comunicaciones de los revolucionarios

pronto han de deSaparecer.
pues noticiaS de un enviado eS.
pecfal de Leon, Ell aerodromo dt
aQuella provincial es nueStro
hasta ell punto de que varioS a.
paratoS va salieron con direc.
ci6n a Madrid para tomar L
POGO que falta de la capital, pa.
ra deSpueS, 81 fuera precise, We.
mir en- nueStra ayuda. Cada civ
dadanO debe empun1r Su fusil,
sintiendo deSe2s de emancipa-
cion.
iRevolucionarioS AsturianoS
Ammo y a veneer Y caStigar
con rigor a todos aquellos ele-
mentos que sepais que andan
lanzando bulos con ell fin de
desorientaros. Viva la revolu-
zion social!-El Comite.
Para alentar IA los rebeldes
en- Langreo Sc publico ell ST
guiente manifesto: Noticias de
Madrid: FL proletariado de to-
da Espana sc bate con las fuer-
zas que aun defender Ell regi-
men de exploitation con un va
Tor y una heroicidad desconO-
cidos.
PodemOS asegurar que ell
triunfo de nuestra clase esta
cerca. En- Asturias, particular
mente, los obreros que han
triunfado y Sc constituyen en-
p0der en- Langre0 y Mieres, es-
tan a punto de apoderarse de
Oviedo y Gij6n dentro de muy
pOcas hOraS. Las noticias que
tenemos de Vizcaya, Catalina,
Arag6n, Ievante, ValladoIid V
0tras provincias son parecidas
a las de Asturias. En- Madrid tie
nemos a raya a las fuerzas reac
cionarias. Ahora mas que nun
ca Sc neceSita atacar con fiere-
"a y decision. Viva Ell Poder de
los Obrer0s Y Campcsinos! wi
va la dictadura del proletaria-
do!
Una de las primeras victimas
10 fue ell obrero oVetense Boni-
facio Martin, un Socialista, a
quien la columna de Lopez O.
choa utilize como guia para en-
trar en- Oviedo, poniGndolo en-
la extrema vanguardia. Martin
grit6: Camaradas, no dispareis.
Una bala en- Ia cara lie cause la
muerte.
En- una acci6n ode limpieza
de revolucionarios" perdi6 la vi
da ell comandante Del Olmo, de-
las tropas regulares.
Los aviadores prestaron SER
vicios de importancia tirando
en- los dos primeros dias bOtes
de hume y proclamas. FL miGr-
coles 10 empeZarOn a bOmbar-
dear las comunicaciones Y eli
dia II y II Sc efectu6 un alta
que formal. Varios trenes y ca
miones fuero ndestrozados por
las bombas. Los aparatos des-
pegaban con 6 y IL bombas, los
de un solo motor, y los trimoto-
res con 40. Sc utilize ell apara-
to Ianzabombas del captain RO.
driguez, que permite lamar va
rios artefactOs a la vez, desde
una posici6n vertical. SCbre Ia
del Norte los aeropla-
nos dejar0n caer de Is a 20
b0mbas cuandO las tropas regu-
lares avanzaban sobre csc lu-
gar. La aViaci6n estuvo buscan
do a la columna de Lopez Ochoa
durante dos dias, localizandola
al fin en- Lugones.
FL consul de Belgica en- San
lander, que pgsaba unOs dias en-
OViedO, muri6 al penetrar un
proyectil por una de las venta-
mas del hotel donde Sc hospeda-
ba.
Por la d%enuncia de un vecino
Sc arrest6 al diputado Teodo-
miro Menendez, socialista. Sc le
acusa de haber dirigido Ell mo-
La gaceta., 1934-11-24

Para que ell periodista Sirval
no pudiera publican la verdad,
10 que habia yisto, un teniente
The producers news. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1918-1937, 1934-12-28
IS NEGROES PICKET AS aCRAIE
FARLEY" IGNORES LYNCHING

), WASHINGTON, D. C.-Protesting the
actlon OF the federal government in omit
ung the crime of lynching from the age"1a
OF the crime conference in session here, 2
Negroes with hangman's nooses around
their necks picketed the hall in which the
conference was held.
The pickets wore signs reading 500
IN N S2 years" referring to the number o.
Negroes lynched in that period.
Howard university students and prOfes
sors were largely represented in the den.
onstration. Negroes picketing the hall y
an earlier session had been arrested for .
alleged violation of sandwich placard
The producers news. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1918-1937, 1934-12-28
CALIFORNIA FILES OPPOSITION
TO MONEYS MOVE FOR FREpDo,

SAN FRANCISCO-The state
fornia has flied its opposition to Tom y Ial-
ey's latest move for freedom. hash alOC N
denial on the fact that he has f a5s It's
cite single instance of a case in T,Is7i C
was held the introduction of false o "-;Ia It
did or could deprive a court of ; r.:Ice
ton 'u'iSclc
Attorney General U. S. Webb wbo
his brief to the United States suU. Gem
court to fight MONEYS move. skins Itp aStl'
over 19 years of Imprisonment beconssln'y
false testimony, but suggests that , S'.,
case is really matter for Legislation S s.a
than for judicial action. '@'het
The only remedial powers in such
es, he says, ARE those of executive C ~
don or clemency." paF'
-Four governors have refused -
appeals for Moneys freedom from l an!
groups of all sorts and political afff Ia
Governor Frank E. Merriam. recontIa on %
elected with the help of the film indT,t. y
has the case before him but viii pOt -
until the supreme court rules on MOO ~. 81
move for writ of habeas corpus
Since his arrest in 1916 when bo -
sentenced to death on framed cbar~o. 's =
bombing the Preparedness Day parade al "
when President Wilson commuted bis ~. a.a
tence to life, Mooney has never ceased ' 81
attempts to obtain unconditional rsI.a N
The present application is based on tbo -;
that perjured testimony affected bis a -.
VlctloA, that the prosecuting attorney lm M,
OF the perjury and deliberately conc ea,S
from Mooney evidence which could ba~
freed him, and that the courts of CaIifo-a;
have denied recourse. ~
The producers news. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1918-1937, 1934-12-28
LID. WINS APPEAL STEP
ON HERNDON CASE

< NEW YORK.-Application for heang
OF the appeal in the Angelo Herndon =
by the u. S. supreme court was granted =
day by Chief Justice Richard B. Russell "
the supreme court of Georgia. -
This decision means that within a sn0s
time the United States supreme court !.
hear the appeal being taken by the i y :
national Labor Defense against the 70 !
20 years chain gang sentence on cnasss
of "mciting instruction" hanging over :.
young Negro workin class leader. III
don, now out on $4,000 cash bail raise 4
a mass campaign by the LID Is -
speaking tour for Scottsboro and MS -
case on the west coast.
The producers news. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1918-1937, 1934-12-28
WAR DEPARTMENT
GETTING READY
Force of 900 Fighting
Planes Set Up By
Department

WASHINGTON, D. c., Dec. 26.
A centralized army air force of
approximately 900 fighting planes.
available almost instantly as
nit for attack or defense, was or
ganized today by the war depart
ment, the Associated Press re-
ports.
The drive for completion Of war
preparations assumes ever greater
dimensions. Just a few days ago,
Dern, secretary Of war, demanded
the immediate establishment Of an
air force of more than 1000 planes.
Today, half of this program has
already been accomplished. Ready
to be used on a minutes notice, an
air force of 600 planes Gas a unit
for attack" has been set up.
The war department states that
in order to secure the grC attest PCS
sible mobility, the force has beer
grouped in three subdivisions, one
Of which will be located at Ham
ilton field, California, the SECOND
at Langley field, Virginia, and tbs
third at Fort Crockett, Texas.
The producers news. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1918-1937, 1934-12-28
NAZlS TAKE WAR
ETS CENSUS

BERLIN, Dec. 21.-The fascist distrl-
button Oh the war Gross" decorations,
which began today, has taken on the Sig
nitlcant aspect OF war maneuver.
The addresses of those who fought In
1918, kept IN archives at Spandau, nave IN
most cases become Invalid. 1t is wei I'M
derstoOd here that any publication OF the
names OF those who took part In the war
might cause alarm abroad, and the crea-
ton OF the War Cross furnishes the pre-
text Tor taking thorough census OF all
ex-SOidlerS. var equipment Is beng over
hauled and hordes OF clerks and census
takers are constantly busy tabulatlng all
reserves of individuals, men and women
capable of participating in war activities.
The producers news. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1918-1937, 1934-12-28
THREE C.C.C. BOYS
KILLED IN FIRE

NORRIS, Tenn, Dec 49,
Three CCC boys, unable to find
work and reduced to working for
the governmet at 81 a day wage,
were buried to death beyond rec
ignition yesterday as they were
caught in a fire which DESTROYED
the CCC camp here a mile from
the Norris dam.
The boys all came from the New
York area. Their bodies have fin
ally been identified as Elwood
Kramer, 20, of Nutley, N. J., JAG
OBJ Klein, 20. of the Bronx, aad
Charles DePalma, 81, of East Or
ange, N. ].
More than 200 boys were reused
from their beds by the fire and
shivered thinly clad in the freez-
ing air.
All reports Of the fire have
come through the commanding Of
ficers in charge, so that detailed
explanation Of how the boys met
their death has not BEEN forthcom.
ing. A curious circumstance of the
official reports is that the deaths
of the boys were not discovered
until some time after the fire.
The producers news. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1918-1937, 1934-12-28
NORTH RAYMOND

The Christmas PROGRAM bold at
the Gibson school last Friday
night was well attended and many
nice presents were handed out by
Santa Claus.
Mr. ard Mrs. NV. Bretzke
left Saturday morrinc f~- Bow
bells. ND. where thew viii sDend
Christmas with Mrs. Bretzke's
parents and relativNCe
Albert Zoitner returned from
Fort Peck last Friapv. ware hhe
hos been ernnlaved for sn-~a tine.
Albert has slwavs erer+ Xmas at
home. so he didn't wnrt tn lose
ont on this one either
Mrs. lena wHsnr 81 f-~ilv
w-re guests at the c,-l SsaS~tad
for,e on Chri~tmas DIV
The Fverson fsr,ilv we've dinrer
guests ct the Joe Brown home on
Xmas Dav.
Erwin Wilson car,e hc--o last
F~'lav from Fort Peek wh.re he
is enjoyed 70 spend to holidays
viii hi ~'other.
Ni-- s~~-totia Cu--,r = snend.
ing the Christmas v9,etion Will
her sister. Mrs. Leo Heisler.
The producers news. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1918-1937, 1934-12-28
CUBAN WORKERS
LEADER ARRESTED

HAVANA, Cuba.-Isidora Figueroa, the
leader of the trade unions and OF the Com
munist party of Cuba, has been arrested
by the Mendieta government and sentenced
to six months In prison Hgueroa, who is
a railroad worker, was arrested in print
ing shop where he was editing IConfedera-
cion, y organ of the revolutionary trade un-
ion federation of Cuba, Since the suspen-
sion of the right of habeas corpus on Dec
Is. more than $50 members of opposition
parties have b., arrested by the Mendieta
government. A sJate of martial law is in
effect in five ont of six Cuban provinces.
The producers news. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1918-1937, 1934-12-28
HOMES LOOTED IN Bull
GARIAN ANTI-RED CAMPAIGN

SOFIA, Bulgaria. Bulgarian fascism
continued its attempt to crush the Com
munist party here by mass seizures totaling
over 500 persons The immediate prOvoca-
ton for the arrests was the lying report
spread by the government that an attempt
was being made ito set up a Communist
state"
Homes of suspected workers at Kas-
kovo were raided and wholesale beatings
and looting took place on the excuse OF
searching for ammunition. The Commun-
list leader, StOeff, was arrested. Recently
six Communists. five of them soldiers, were
hung and their bodies mutilated for having
led mass actions in the struggle against
terrorism of the Bulgarian faSciSts.
The producers news. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1918-1937, 1934-12-28
Munitions Investigations
Link Morgan to World War

we should adopt this policy, an ex-
cellent plan would be for our gov
eminent to make a large invest
inert in a France-British loan. An
other plan would be to guarantee
such a loan. A great advantage
would De that all the MONEY would
be kept in the United States.
eve could keep on with our
trade and increase it till the war
ends, and aft;r the war Europe
would purchase food and an enor-
nous supply of materials with
which to re-equip her peace indu~-
tries. We would thus reap the
profit of an uninterrupted and pr
haps an enlarging trade over a
number of years and we would
hold their securities in payment" "
It was brought out during the
days probing that the duPonts had
bargained the government into
building an S8O.OOO.0OO munitions
plant at the governments expense.
and then proceeded to run it in
such way that it Melted them a
100000 profit in three weeks.
without their having to risk a cent
of their own money.
II was also shown that the d1-
Points held up the contract fol
some morths until they could fore
the government to NEST theil
terms.
The producers news. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1918-1937, 1934-12-28
SLAUGHTERING OF CATTLE BY
BANGS TESTING MOUNTS

WASHINGTON.-In the four roo-ffs |.
July, August, September and October a ID.
tai of 232. 1875 cattle were tested for D.,
disease, of which 33,368, or about IA vg
cert were removed ard slaughtered
In all states there was a total of SOL.
960 cattle on waiting lists on Oct. q a Ss
tested. The largest waiting list in am
state was in Minnesota where 100000 cst.
tie are listed for testing.
If they can't do away with sufficient.
~ large number of surplus" cattle unds
the pretenSe of drought, Bangs disease VII
serve the purpose as well.
The producers news. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1918-1937, 1934-12-28
CHACO OIL WAR
To CONTINUE

ASUNCION, Paraguay.-Despite the
efforts" of the League of Nations to lend"
the bloody imperialist struggle for the con-
troll of immense oil deposits in South Am
erica, it appears the war viii continue as
both sides have again lined up after a
momentary lull. The United States, whose
munition manufacturers have been supply
ing both. warning countries with ornaments
and other war materials, was to have acted
in the capacity of mediator" British and
American oil interests are using South Am
erican workers in their attempts to gain
control of the oil fields.