davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1934-01-26
TAMMANY RULE
|NPRiSON CHARGED
Penalogist Says Leaders Fa.
vored Gangster as Others
Lived in Misery.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press
NEW YORK. January 26-The ex-
istence of direct link between Tam
many Hall and the worlds worst
prison. where gangsters lorded it over
1.700 lesser prisoners living in misery
was charged today.
Harry NJ Shulman prison expert and
author of a detailed report on condi-
tions at the Welfare Island Peniten-
tiary declared that whenever a certain
Tammany leader telephoned the prison.
the warden would jump up as if shot
from a catapult and rush into tele-
phone booth.
will you say who that leader WASP"
Shulman was asked.
Il will give the name If Commits
Ioner Austin H. MacCormick asks me
for it," he said
Mccormick, Mayor Fiorello H. La
Guardias new commissioner of correc-
tions. led the raid en- the prison which
uncovered conditions that shocked the
city.
Dope Addicts Strike.
Meanwhile, as MacCormick strove to
restore discipline today, men of q
force of 40 employed in the prison
bakery went on strike because of the
sudden cutting of of their narcotics
supply.
District Attorney William c. Dodge.
Continued on Page 2, Column lD
Evening star., 1934-01-26
FACTOR IDENTIFIES
; IN KIDNAPPING
Touhy and Confederates
Dramatically Pointed Out
at Chicago Trial.

By the Associated Press.
CRIMINAL COURTS BUILDING
Chicago, January 26.-John Factor to-
day identified Roger Touhy and two CO.
defendants as the men who kidnapped
him for ransom last July.
His face trembling. Factor three
times stepped down from the witness
stand, walked dramatically across the
court room and pointed out Gustav
GLOOMY GUS Schaefer, Albert Polly
Nose) Kator, and finally Touhy.
Greeted With Sneer.
The four defendants slouched down
in their chairs. and all except Touhy
gazed at the floor Touhy looked
squarely back into Factors face with a
sneer
Factor said Touhy was the man who
stood before him, partly shielding him
self with a blanket, and commanded
him to write letter to be used in
making ransom negotiations
He said he saw Kator. "the only kid
naper who was kind to me-" as he was
changing the bandages on his eyes on
the first night of his captivity. Schae-
fer, Factor said. was one Of the squad
of four men who actually took him
prisoner.
Factor made the identihcations at
various points in his narrative of the
kidnapping a story of mental and phys
ical cruelty during which the kidnapers
cursed him. threatened to blow out
YOUR brains" and to cut off an ear
and send it to your wife as souvenir" "
The man who talked to him most,
who used the most abusive language
and tactics. Factor said. was Touhy.
He said the kidnapers refused to mail
letters to his family and friends. and
that Touhy said when ne made such a
request:
I'VE don't want the C. Federal
the police, but We don't want anything
to do with the G."
At times Factor appeared to be near
breakdown, as he told OF the cruelty
of his captors.
Sought Early Release.
He said he told them he would do all
he could to raise ransom but to make
deal quickly because he wanted to get
free before the thing got in the papers
and hurt his extradition case. He
added Then the voice told me to
bring some of my friends out there for
them and they would give me an easy
deal I said 1 would rather die than
do that Then the voice replied: Well.
you-Murray Humphreys or Sam Hunt
(gangsters) can't get you out OF here.
but you bring them out here and we'll
let you CO."
Il replied that never knew Hum
phreys or Hunt until my son Jerome
CONTINUED on Page 4. Column 81
Evening star., 1934-01-26
RECOGNITION PACT RECALLED.
Agreement Sought TO Prevent Changes
in Government BY Revolution.
nv CONSTANTINE RROWN

The United States and Central Amer
lean republics, Guatemala. Honduras
and Nicaragua, signed in 1928 a treaty
pledging themselves not to recognize
any government which Is formed as a
result OF a move by the military. The
treaty contained very drastic provisions,
such as one that no one who was even
indirectly connected with the move Of
the military junta could be recognized
as President
In 1881 the Ell Salvador government
was thrown out by a revolutionary
move.
Recognition Refused.
Gen. Martinez. after a few days Of
trouble, was elevated to President.
But, since he had been a member OF
the cabinet which had overthrown the
previous regime, the United States
Government refused to recognize him,
although it was evident that he was
the best man in the republic.
As q matter of fact, the then Ameri-
can Minister to Ell Salvador, Charles
Curtis, cabled the State Department
urging Mariners recognition Curtis
was not a regular diplomat; he was
just a man with ordinary common
sense. The State Department got ex-
cited at the Minister'S suggestions and
cabled back:
What about our treaty with the
Central American states?"
Curtis replied briefly: Il forgot all
about it," Whereupon Curtis was ad-
vised to resign.
year later Jefferson Caffery. United
CONTINUED on Page 2. Column 81
Evening star., 1934-01-26
FARMERS TO PASS
ON CONTROL PLAN
Roosevelt Ready to Compel
Cotton Reduction Through
Surplus Tax.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
Secretary Wallace put up to South
ern farmers today the question of COM
pulsory control Of cotton production.
With President Roosevelt said by an
Alabama member of Congress to be
ready to switch to the compulsory
plan. Wallace asked the farmers
whether they preferred the Bankhead
plan for baleage control or a confisca-
tory tax on surplus over allotted output.
Wallace's QUESTIONABLE. which went
to $4,000 farmers throughout the cot
ton belt, was suggested by the Presi-
dent, who asked that returns be gath
cred within 10 days If possible.
Senator John Bankhead. Democrat,
of Alabama, who already has intro
duced a measure to provide rigid con-
troll said Senators and Representatives
from the Middle West were studying
the possibilities of applying the same
plan to wheat.
The Senator and his brother. Repre-
sentative Bankhead, Democrat, Of Ala
bama, called at the White House yes
terday and told President Roosevelt In
tensive cultivation and non-co-operat-
ing farmers would defeat the voluntary
acreage reduction program to regulate
the cotton market and raise returns to
farmers
Encouraged by the talk with the
President, the brothers laid plans to-
day to press for immediate action on
compulsory control legislation which
would affect this years cotton crop.
President gave the impression he was
convinced the farmers wanted the rigid
plan.
Under the surplus tax plan, each
farmer would be allotted the number of
bales he would be expected to grow by
usual farming methods on reduced
acreage if he were cooperating with
the acreage reduction program. and
farmers not now cooperating with the
voluntary plan would be forced to lose
the advantage they seek to gain by not
joining in the program.
The tax plan would necessitate a re-
vision of the bill as originally Intro
duced by the Alabama Senator. which
proposed that gins be licensed and that
only an allotted number of bales could
be ginned from each farm each year.
Since the new method of enforce
ment involves tax. the enabling meas
ure must originate in the house The
Senator said his brother would intro
duce the revised bill but meanwhile he
would not withdraw the original meas
ure, now before the Agriculture Com
mittee.
Evening star., 1934-01-26
VATICAN DENIES PAY CUT
DUE TO DEPLETED FUNDS
Osservatore Romano Admits, How
ever, That World Crisis Has
Affected Sees Exchequer.
By Ca BILE to The Star.

By Gable to The Star
ROME. Italy. January 26.-Osserva-
tore Romano. papal organ. today denies
that the recent pay cuts and stopping
of construction projects in Vatican City
were due to any difficulties Of the Holy
Sees exchequer The wages were cut
because the cost of living had fallen
and the building had stopped because
the work was finished. it says.
Nobody could be SO ingenious as to
think the Vatican could escape the con-
sequences Of the world crisis" Osserva-
tore Romano admits 1T is enough to
think of the many who in good times
helped the Holy See but who are now
obliged to ask help from it"
But it is as ridiculous to deduce from
cuts and stoppage of works that the
Vatican is suffering from budget diff
ficulties now. as it would have been to
deduce from the wage increases and
the Inauguration of the works q few
years ago that the Vatican then had
suddenly come into enormous sums Of
money, the paper stated.
(CoDyright, l934)
Evening star., 1934-01-26
Threat of No Saturday HoIi-
day Held Before Debaters
of Issue.
DEMOCRATS PREDICTING
SUCCESS FOR MEASURE
Critics Concentrate Fire on Provi-
sion Giving Treasury Head Power
Over Sterilization Fund.
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
A threat of mo Saturday holiday"
was held before Senate debaters of the
Roosevelt money bill today, as Demo-
cratic leaders called the chamber into
session an hour earlier than usual and
sought to force vote by tonight.
Alternately denounced and defended
for two days past, but without even an
amendment vote, the bill to reduce the
gold behind the dollar sign was again
place talk with action.
Senate Democrats contended today
the legislation was necessary to relieve
an otherwise impossible situation" re-
sulting from unsurmountable debts.
Senator Bailey, Democrat, of North
Carolina, who took up the defense of
the measure as the Senate convened,
said the total Indebtedness of the Ma
tion had grown from a normal Of about
$4,000, 900, 900 prior to the inflationary
period Of the past decade, to about
1920, ,oOo, 900 900, and was now "the
great obstacle to return of prosperity"
Bailey said the bill would raise prices,
stimulate trade, protect and stabilize
the currency and aid in every phase Of
the emergency
Although the measure is assured of
final approval, critics planned to con-
centrate their early fire today on the
provision giving the Secretary of the
Treasury sole power to conduct the
operations of the proposed s2ooO,oO0.-
900 currency stabilization fund.
One Senator close to the White House
asserted OF the floor today that Presi-
dent Roosevelt already had in mind
for selection a group of foreign ex-
change experts to assist Secretary
Morgenthau in operating the gigantic
fund.
To Include Experts.
This group, he said undoubtedly
would include experts on all phases of
the affairs of the chief nations con-
eerned-Great Britain, France, Ger
many, and probably Russia.
Democratic leaders conceded the vote
on the fund management would be
closer than any other but claimed
sufficient strength to reject the alter
native proposal for a managings board
Of five.
Despite Democratic plans to get a
final Senate vote by tomorrow at the
latest, Republican chiefs said there was
q good chance the debate would extend
over to next week.
Republican critics of the bill occupied
the floor for almost the entire session
yesterday. assailing the legality of the
bill. and were planning to continue
their barrage for some time todav be-
fore permitting the Senate to begin
voting on amendments
Even with the stabilization fund ques-
ton out of the way, there was assurance
OF final furry over silver.
Senator Wheeler, Democrat, of
Montana was waiting for the oppor-
tunity to offer his amendment for the
purchase of silver to bring it up to
ratio OF Is to ! with gold. Even sup
porters of this project conceded its
defeat. however.
Senator Borah Republican, of Idaho,
had abandoned his amendment for
mandatory imitation" in view of the
overwhelming vote against it.
Senator Austin. Republican of Ver-
mont. yesterday raised the issue of the
constitutionality of giving the President
Continued on Page 4. Column A.
Evening star., 1934-01-26
SALVADOR REGIME
RECOGN|zEDB us.
Action on Government of
Martinez Follows That
of Three Others.

BY the Associated Press.
The United States today recognized
the government Of El Salvador, headed
by President Maximiliano Maritime.
The action followed swiftly upon rec
ognition of the Mendieta government in
Cuba. which today asked this country's
assistance in securing emergency food
supplies.
Secretary Hull announced the food
overtures to this Government and said
steps were being taken to meet the re-
quest.
Recognized BY Three Others
Negotiations had not yet reached
point where it could be said whether
direct loan would be made to Cuba. he
said. and he did not know whether any
loan. II it Is to be made. would be
through the Reconstruction Finance
Corporation or through some agency in
the Agriculture Department.
The Salvador action followed yester-
days recognition Of the Martinez regime
by Guatemala, Nicaragua and Honduras.
Evening star., 1934-01-26
ROOSEVELT CONSIDERS
BIRTHDAY RADIO TALK
May Take Air Tuesday Night to
Acknowledge Interest in Warm
Springs Foundation.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
President Roosevelt is seriously con-
sidering a talk over the air to the peo-
pie who will be celebrating his SIND
birthday Tuesday night, but a definite
decision has not been reached.
It was stated at the White House to-
day that if the President does talk he
will be impelled by the reason of ac-
knowledging the national interest in
the effort to stamp out infantile pa
ralysis.
Proceeds of the thousands of balls
planned in honor of the Presidents
birthday Tuesday night are to be given
to the Warm Springs, Ga, foundation,
where the President fought back to
health from an attack of infantile pa
ralysis.
Mr.. Roosevelt himself will celebrate
his birthday as he has for the last
dozen years at private party with his
"buddies" who worked with him in the
1920 vice presidential campaign.
Evening star., 1934-01-26
Democrat Sounds Party Call
To Re-elect Hiram johnson
McCrath Makes Plea as
Farley Forecasts
Victory.
You'd Re,Card G.. O. p.
Independent for Aid
to Roosevelt.
BY G. GOULD LINCOLN.

Democratic support for the re-elec-
ton Of Senator Hiram johnson of Call
fornia was strongly urged today by a
Democratic member Of the House from
that State, Representative John j. Nc
Grath of the eighth congressional dis
trict.
Mr.. McGrath called upon the other
Democrats of the State to get behind
Senator Johnson
This is no time to carp about party
labels" said Mr.. McGrath. The DEM
ocratic party will be honoring itself ny
offering him the unopposed nomination
for reelection. The election will be q
mere formality."
At the same time Postmaster General
Farley. chairman OF the Democratic
National Committee. expressed his own
Evening star., 1934-01-26
SCHOOL CHILDREN IN NEW YORK
CALLED BRIGHTEST IN COUNTRY

sb children are In general a half year
younger than the children in the same
grades in other parts of country; the
latter, however, considered on a grade
basis, are slightly better in achieve
ment.
Schools making the highest score in
the survey were located in the better
residential sections The lowest scores
came from tenement areas. that is on
paragraph meaning and language US
age. When 1t comes to arithmetic
computation. there isn't much differ
ence between the poor children and
the rich children.
Evening star., 1934-01-26
SPRINGLIKE WEATHER
SEEN OVER WEEK END
Predicted Cold Snap Fails to Ma
terialize-Higher Tempera-
ture EorecAst.

The cold snap expected today failed
to materialize and the Weather Bureau
forecast a balmy, Springlike week end.
Although the temperature had
dropped this morning from a maximum
of 50 yesterday to Al at $50 o'clock,
Forecaster Mitchell predicted the ther-
mometer would climb tomorrow, and by
Sunday the weather would be fair
and much warmer.
The cold snap disappeared north Of
New York. according to Mitchell. and
was confined to New England, with the
unreasonable weather general along the
Atlantic Coast south Of Manhattan.
Mitchell said today's clouds probably
would be cleared away by tomorrow
and that Saturday and Sunday would
be mostly clear.
Evening star., 1934-01-26
BY the Associated Press.
SINAIA, Rumania,

BY tne Associated freSS.
SINAIA, Rumania, January 26.-
Police today frustrated what was be-
lieved to be an attempt to assassinate
Prime Minister George Tatarescu of
Rumania.
He was aboard a special train with
his cabinet. journeying from Bucharest
to attend the royal banquet in honor
of King Boris and Queen Joanna Of
Bulgaria at King Carols palace here.
Police dragged young man, appar-
emily student, from the prime min
ister's coach.
1t was here at Sinaia that Tatarescu's
predecessor. Ion G. Duca, was killed
by a student December 20.
BY telephone King Carol and King
Boris today discussed with King Alex
ander of Yugoslavia, who is in Bel
grade, a Balkan pact and the posi-
bility of future personal meeting of
themselves.
Tomorrow Carol and Boris will 60
hunting together.
By Radio to The Star.
VIENNA, Austria, January 26.-Once
Evening star., 1934-01-26
BY the Associated Press.

" the AsSocfAteu FIesS
NEW YORK, January 26.-Consid-
erins their age-and paying no atten-
ton to their grade-New York's school
children are bit brighter than the
other boys and girls over the country.
A Survey Committee working for
state Commissioner of Education Frank
P. Graves, says it found this out
through the new Stanford achieve
ment tests in reading. language usage
and arithmetic on 10000 unsuspecting
lads and lassies in grades 6b and Sb.
It also found out New York 6b and
Evening star., 1934-01-26
Former Gould Yacht Wrecked.

PHILADELPHIA. January 26 P.-
Fire beat the junkman to the U. S. S.
Niagara early today. completely wreck
ing the one-time palatial yacht which
the Government obtained from Helen
Gould, New York heiress. for use as a
submarine chaser during the war.
Evening star., 1934-01-26

personal belief that Senator Johnson
would be reelected to the Senate. Mr.
Farley said:
Il am not familiar with the political
situation in California in SO far as an
election Of a United States Senator is
concerned, but personally know
CONTINUED on Page 2. Column A.
Evening star., 1934-01-26
Mexico. Ships Gold Coins to U. S.

VERA CRUZ, January 26 P.-A
cargo of gold coins weighing $500
pounds was shipped for New York to-
Gay aboard the Ward liner Oriente.
Aboard the same liner was a large ship
ment of Habanero liquor, also bound
for New York
Evening star., 1934-01-26
Pictures of All the New Autos

DICTUREs of the automobile industrys startling
array of the 1884 models will be found in the Roto
gravure Section of next Sundays Star.
Twenty-six representatives Of motordoms finest pro-
ductons will be shown. Complete descriptions may be
in the Special Auto Show Section attractivey
pared.
Get next Sundays edition and study the newest offer
ings of the fourteenth annual exhibition at the
Washington Auditorium January 27-February inclusive
Evening star., 1934-01-26
New York Sportsman Dies.

AIKEN, s. c., January 26 (R.-Ern-
est A. Thomson. 10. New York sports
man and clubman, died today Of a sud-
den attack as he sat in his automobile
at . riding school here
Evening star., 1934-01-26

Measure Authorizes Construction
to Full Treaty Limits.
Chairman Trammell of the Senate
Naval Affairs Committee today intro
duced the same bill as offered by Rep
resentative Vinson, Democrat, Of
Georgia in the House authorizing naval
construction to full treaty limits.
Evening star., 1934-01-26

Continued on Page 2, Column g.
Evening star., 1934-01-26
WEATHER.

20. 3. Weather Bureau Forecast)
Mostly cloudy and slightly colder. with
lowest temperature about "a degrees to-
night; tomorrow fair and warmer. Tenn
Observation-Disclosures. SO. at 1 pm. yes
terday; lowest Al, at 8 am. today.
Full report on page 9.
Evening star., 1934-01-26
SENATE GETS NAVY BILL

Continued on Page 1, Column ~
Evening star., 1934-01-26

CONTINUED on Page 2, Column -
Evening star., 1934-01-26
Hazen Confined at Home.

When announcement of the appoint
ment of the board was withheld by
Commissioner Allen yesterday after the
day afternoon. considerable confusion
and speculation was created and there
Continued on Page 2, Column g.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1934-06-06
Near a Showdown

France cheered England's declara-
ton Of intention not to pay any more
on the war debts and it is to be as
sumed that the other defaulting ma
tions will follow the same lead. The
effort now Is to force an interna-
tional debt conference at which poor
old Uncle Sam would appear as the
lone sheep among pack Of hungry
wolves.
America has been silly enough In
the past to fall for such q racket, but
our diplomacy has grown more real
istic lately and We probably will be
spared the humiliation which GER
tainly would follow such session,
not to mention loss Of assets-even II
only on paper.
The simple fact Of the case is that
the war debt issue must be settled
upon the basis of ability to pay, not
upon that Of political expediency. II
they are not to be settled that way,
then America may Just - we'll let
them remain in default. The burden
upon our Taxpayers will be little more
than II We accept token payments
and the lesson will be more complete.
II England, France and the other
defaulting nations prefer dishonor to
payment and are not worthy Of trust
We will never learn the fact any
more cheaply or completely.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1934-06-06
New Employment Service


Institution OF Q new federal en-
ployment service in this and other
states calls to mind the efforts In this
direction which have been made in
tho past.
Back during the war we had nu-
merous federal and state employment
agencies whose duty 1t was to steer
the available help to the places where
It most waS needed. There was no
question Of unemployment then. The
one Issue was to find men TO do the
work available. The employment
agencies rendered ! worthwhile serv-
ice during tho emergency but when
It Ms passed there seemed Mttjs for
them to do. They were closed when
thu people got tired Of looking q
them and watching their clerks sit-
ting around and doing nothing.
Nov. ! new emergency calls them
into being again and the apparent in.
teution = to make them . permanent
part Of the national labor picture. 4
win - Interesting - - how thil
works out Il and wl1en normal en-
ploynnsnt conditions return. tn nor
usal thing + to- those ID charge o.
such bureaus - take Il cav Wher
opoegtunity Offers. Il this situatioE
peaynll1 y ~ mn smplo1aent sogv'
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1934-06-06
We Welcome Mr.. Wallace

We SlAV1k4S N4As w oAAGA\S
Bismarck tonight has opportunity
to play host to agriculture's No. l
man.
He is Henry Agard Wallace, to
whom has been entrusted the direc-
ton Of one Of mans greatest peace
time experiments. Although both
difficult and impolite to rate the
members Of a presidents cabinet. It
would appear that Wallace easily
ranks among the first three In i'm
portanoe. History may easily put him
down as first, not only in the cabi-
net but among the men Of this gen.
Grafton, for II he succeeds in the task
which has been assigned to him, he
will have changed the course Of his
tory itself.
Our visitor, by the way, has claim
upon distinction other than that
which goes with political place. As
an experimenter and breeder Of corn,
he has helped create the very prob
lem he now Is trying to solve, for
Henry Wallace has done much to In
crease the yield Of coarse grain per
acre in the middle west. His work
has added millions Of bushels to the
amount which may be produced with
the same expenditure Of energy, an
achievement which would have won
him fortune rather than merely mod
est fame had 1t been exercised in
some other fields.
Wallace comes to us under peculiar
circumstances. He is surveying the
results of great national disaster
which has descended upon US and
desires to take counsel with us, as
victims, as to the way In which the
government best can help. The best
thing We can do is to meet him In
the same fine spirit which prompts
his coming and to bring to the dis
cussion with him the same sincerity
and earnestness which has marked
his work upon the entire agricultural
problem.