davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1934-10-30
District Officials Discuss
S2,332,690 Allotted
for 1886.
FIGURE $416,191 LESS
THAN FIRST ESTIMATES
Donovan and Wilding Head City
Observation-Disclosures
Heads to Be Called.

District officials entered the second
day of their hearing before the Budget
Bureau with explanations of their re-
quests tor items totaling S2,332,6 $50 for
general expenses" for the 1886 fiscal
year.
Under this heading comes the ex-
ecutive office. the purchasing office,
the assessor, collector of taxes, auditor,
corporation counsel, Public Utilities
Commission, department Of vehicles
and traffic, public library and num-
ber of other smaller offices.
Estimates made by the heads Of
these various departments of their
needs for 1886 totaled S2,748,8 1881. but
the Commissioners slashed the totals
by s4l6,19l. The details of the
slashes in the individual departments
have not been made public.
Commissioners Not Present,
The Commissioners did not attend
the session today. The District dele
CATION was headed by Daniel j. Dono-
van, District auditor and budget Off
Ger, and his assistant, William R.
Wilding. Department heads who will
be called during the course of the
day include: Riley E. Elgen and Rich
mond B. Keech, members of the Pub
lie Utilities Commission; E. J. Milli-
gan, chief clerk; George F. Bowerman
of the Public Library and William A.
Van Duzer, director of vehicles and
traffic
At the opening day of the hearings
yesterday, the Commissioners and
Auditor Donovan gave the general out
line Of the request for budget total
ing s44,039356 and explained their
requests for Budget Bureau approval
of an increase on the Federal pay
ment from S5,700,000 to s8,317,5o0.
Although the hearings are all in
executive session, it is understood that
the day was principally given over to
examination Of the auditors forecast
Of revenue during 1886.
S38,306,115 Revenue Seen.
Donovan had estimated total rev.
enue and credits for 1886 at $38, ,306,-
lis in the general fund, against which
there will be charges in general fund
items Of s38,286,676, leaving revenue
balance of S19,439.
The Public Utilities Commission had
requested 1896 budget of s112,3sO
as compared with 1885 appropria-
tion of $4,000; the public library
asked for a 1896 budget of 1851 800
for salaries as compared with $780,
584 in the 1885 appropriation act.
The library has also asked for an
increase of the book purchasing fund
from $4,000 to 5000; in the main
tenance fund from $4,000 to S38, 500.
1t has also asked for S150000 to build
the Petworth branch library, S21, 800
for plans for the extension Of the
central library building. $25,000 for
site for the Anacostia branch library.
SCHOOL PLANS CHANGED,
Evening star., 1934-10-30
Roll Call to Start.

LEESBURG, Va. October 30, (Spe-
ciaD The annual Red Cross men,
bership drive will open in Loudoun
County November II, and will close
Thanksgiving day, according to Mrs
Shirley Carter of Leesburg, member
ship chairman Of the county. There
is every indication, according to the
chairman. that the quota Of TOO men,
bers will be reached.
Evening star., 1934-10-30
INJURED IN 1O-FOOT FALL
Jake EURO Seriously Hurt at Post
Office Building.

Jake EURO Of s26 Twelfth street was
in serious condition at Casualty Hos
pital today as result of a 10-foot fall
from q scaffold at the City Post Office
Building yesterday.
He is suffering from an injury to
his back and physicians say he may
have a fractured skull. Zuro's home
is in Chicago and police said he has
no relatives here.
Evening star., 1934-10-30
Bolivia Pays Cash.

Because of the unsatisfactory credit
conditions In Bolivia, the government
Is paying cash In advance for pur.
chases.
Evening star., 1934-10-30
THIEVES TAKE CLOTHING
Concentrate on Wearing Apparel
as Winter Nears.

as W InCer NedrS.
With the temperature lowering q
few degrees above freezing, thieves
have begun to concentrate on a single
class of loot-clothing.
Police today revealed that IA WASH
ington residents had reported the theft
of clothing since yesterday. The en-
tire loss was placed at $3.50, and much
Of the apparel was taken from parked
automobiles.
Evening star., 1934-10-30
45 Drowned in Storm.

When a boat overturned during a
recent gale off Noakhali, India. at the
mouth of the Ganges, As persons were
drowned.
Nogales international., 1934-02-24
Two Views On Silver

After the first flush of enthusiasm over Presi-
dent Rooseves proclamation fixing the value Of sill
ver had waned somewhat, two dstanct views con-
cerning the move appeared One is that it will cause
a worldwide increase in the value of the metal thus
restoring the lost purchasing power of the silver
standard nations The other is that its importance
has been exaggerated and that it will be necessary to
decree unlimited ser coinage, at fixed ratio with
gold, before the Presidents purpose is achieved Mr.
Roosevelt can do this under authority contained in
rider to the Agricultural Adjustment Act
The President himself has emphasized the i'm
portanco he places this power, and that has lent
weight to the belief that he will exercise in the
future Until that is done it is the general opinion of
the silver producers that stimulation their industry
will be limited and Qualified and of trade experts
chat the silvcr-standard countries will remain under
,he general leve! far as purchasing power is
cerned The next move whatever is will be Of vital
Importance to the commercial well being and the eco
nomic recovery, of the world.
Nogales international., 1934-02-24
CWA employees
WILL NOT GET
FREE RATIONS

Families from which at least one
member is employed on CWA pre-
jects here will not be entitled in
the future to free government COM
modities distributed by the federal
emergency relief administration, it
has been announced.
Orders have been issued to that
effect by Harry L. Hopkins, federal
emergency relief administrator and
also head of the CWA board, ac-
cording to q communication receiv-
ed from Mrs. F.. M. Warner, iccrc-
tary of the Arizona board Of public
welfare.
Hopkins message said: effective
February IS. you will cease to issue
surplus commodities to persons en-
ployed on civil works administfa-
ton projects"
From now Oh these commodities
such as COAL beef, beans. butter and
such will be issued only to families
On the direct relief rolls, it was an
nounced.
Nogales international., 1934-02-24
II CWA WORKERS
LAID OFF HERE

Seventy seven CWA workers in
this county have been laid off to
date since orders were issued to
gradually reduce the number.
A week ago 10 percent were laid
off and II percent yesterday.
Prior to the cutoff order there
was a total of 700 CWA workers in
this county. Now the number is
down to 623.
1t is the intention OF the govern
ment to entirely discontinue the
CWA by May J..
Nogales international., 1934-02-24
Observance Of Lent

The Lenten season. which is observed by the Ro-
man and Greek Catholic churches well as i'll some
degree by the. Church of England, the Protestant
Episcopal church in America and others, began on
Ash Wednesday, February IA, and will continue un-
til Easter Sunday April l. period Of forty days. not
counting Sundays.
In the early years of the Christian era the fast
of Lent was observed for varying periods by some
only one two days and by others for longer time
according to the writings of Irenaeus, Greek Bishop
of Lyons in the second century,
Pope Leo l, in the fourth century, recommended
the fast of forty days as having apostolic authority
This period taken to commemorate the forty days
fast of Moses, of Elijah and especially that of Christ
Theoretically at least, the faithful abstain from
food on fast days until evening, worldly amusements
and secular celebrations to be avoided and mar
rages are held to be undesirable during Lent.
The duty of fasting is modified with respect ID
!aboring people, children, and women under certain
conditions, but increased diligence in works of char
ty is enoined upon all, as well as extraordinary at
ention to all religious observances throughout this
|perod
Income tax return time will again boom the mar
ket for red ink.
The new monetary policy may put the gold-brick
artist out of business at last.
Jurors are sworn to decide in favor Of the side
having the most convincing liars.
Others
/ The governor of Arizona, the State land board,
ten chambers of commerce in that State and many
leading citizens have entered the fight against what
they term one OF the most outrageous schemes ever
concocted to deprive citizens of their property thru
an act of congress- Texas has interest in the case
because Of the bearing favorable action by congress
on the proposal might have on certain Texas land
titles and because Of numerous citizens of Texas hav-
ing investments in the Arizona mining properties i'll
volved (HOustOn Texas, PosD
Nogales international., 1934-02-24
Political
Announcements

FOR CONSTABLE
l hereby announce my
self as q candidate for the
Democratic nomination
for Constable Of Nogales
Precinct.
w. S. dad" LARCOM
Nogales international., 1934-02-24
AUTO TO NEW YORK

Eddie Goldman Is leaving this
week on an automobile trip to New
York. He will be away three weeks.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-02-05
RENTALS

list ST. E 4i7-Good neighborhood;
single: rooms; strictly modern: $50.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-02-05
SEVEN SLAIN IN
OKLAHOMA WAR
AGAINST CRIME
Three Officers and Four
Outlaws Killed in
Gun Battles.

By United Press
SAPULPA. Okla. Feb. 5.-Okla-
homa's endless war against crimi-
mails went on today after weekend
Of violence which claimed the lives
Of seven men-three officers and
four outlaws.
Two officers and three desperadoes
fell MORALLY wounded in a spec
tacular gun battle which resulted
when a posse raided an outlaw HIDE
out at q farm house near here Sat-
urday night.
At Chelsea, Okla, a few hours
later. a deputy sheriff engaged in
a pistol duel with three burglars
surprised red-handed at their trade
The officer and one of the burglars
we're shot to death.
The officers killed in the Sapulpa
battle were Police Chief Tom Brum-
ley and patrolman G. P. Lloyd. Slain
members Of the bandit gang were
Aussie Elliott. Raymond Moore and
E!don Wilson.
Chief Bromley, patrolman Lloyd
Elliott and Moore we're killed almost
instantly in a murderOus exchange
of gunfire which followed the Off
GERS demand that the bandits come
forth from the hiding place and
surrender.
Wilson died early yesterday while
national guardsmen. with bayonets
fixed. protected him from a mob
which had threatened to deal vio-
lently with the wounded man to
avenge the Staying of the officers.
Deputy Sheriff Al Powell and
Newt Clanton, police character. were
those who met death in the Chel-
sea battle. Powell and the town
night Waterman. w. A. Roberts,
surprised Clanton and two other
men in the act of entering a hard
ware store and ordered them to sur
render
Instead, the burglars opened fire.
Deputy Powell returned the fire and
he and Clanton fell in a brisk ex-
change of shots. The other bur
glars escaped.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-02-05
LEGALS
Sc Legal Notices
-'O'iNNS
NOTICE TO BIDDERS


NOTICE TO BIDDERS
Notice is hereby given that sealed bids
for the purchase Of the following materials
will be received by the Chairman of the
State Highway Commission of Indiana at
mis- Office on the third floor. State House
Annex. 102 North Senate Avenue. Indian
day OF February 1884. at which time they
viii be publicly opened and read:
Invitation No. 1892 1000 Wood Guide
Posts r O. B Paoli. Indiana.
Invitation No. 3093. 500 TO 1000 Cubic
Yards Plant Run Gravel derd on MRS
Project 43s between Kirklin and State
Road No SO.
Hammers Jackbits and Jackbit Rods F. o.
Invitation No 3095 1000 to 5000 Tons
Plant Run Gravel F o b Lewis and
Farmersburg or in Trucks at Plant.
Invitation No 1895: 1 500 Wood Guide
Posts F. o. B Linton. Indiana
Invitation No. 3097. Safety Neon Flash
er Signals T. o. B. Laporte. Indiana
Bids shall be submitted upon standard
proposal forms Proposal forms and
specifications will be furnished free upon
request.
The right Is reserved by the Chairman
to reject anv or all bids. or TO award on
anv combination Of bids that in his iudg-
ment is most advantageous to the State
STATE HIGHWAY COMMISSION
OF INDIANA
James d. Adams Chairman.
CLAIMS TO BE ALLOWED BY BOARD OF
COMMISSIONERS.
CHAS. GROSSART
Auditor Marion County IND
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-02-05

24o9 Highland Pl. mod ..... $500 Mo
e28 W. Path St. semi-mod 1850 $3.50 No
1851 E. gath st. water pads 100 No
246l n Rural. water paid 5 500 Mo
Gregory & Appel, Inc.
ran, DAT ~ Dan,
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-02-05
AHH0Ukc EMEHTS
| Death Notices

/ Death Notices
LEANTY. MARY M.-Mother OF Mrs. Ben
v Young and Mrs. Bert Parlng. passed
away SunoaY FEB. :. Funeral tuesday.
Young. SIS Buchanan 81. Friends IN
vited Burial Grown Hi.
LOCKHART. ANNA MARY-Devoteo sister
OF william NJ. and Catherine Lochhsrt
died at her late residence. 10 hsmii. .''Ii
Place. New YORK CITY. remains win
arrive in Indianapolis "wednesday Eep
Z. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CALL
J J. BLACKWELL SONS. LI-lll5.
M'CORKLE MARY A-Widow OF the late
Marion McCorkie. sister Of Mrs. Minnie
Kernel Mrs. Louise LandwehE. John "
Fehrenbsch and Louis n. Fehrenbach OF
Cincinnati. o. passed aTay. SATURDAY..
niece Mrs. Fred Beckom. 1879 Union
St. Tuesday. FEB 5. 10 a. m FOLLOWED
q. N. Interment Crown Hill cemetery.
Friends invited.
OSTERMEIER. HENRY Gage IS years
beloved father OF Mrs. John Brockman
kins. PEAR Throm. Fred and John oster-
Brookman 1857 Z, Southern Ave. sun
y " T. Ri BBLAsENdIYSMNT FUNERAL PAR
LORS. 1923 Shelby st; after 2 p. m.
Burial Memorial Park
sPERR. HERMINE- Entered into rest Sat
loved mother Of Mrs. Pauline Wsggoner,
Mrs. Anna NJ. Susman. and Edward
Sperr. Funeral Tuesday at residence. 7le
North Noble St. .. m. Friends invited.
Burial Crown Hill. HARRY W. MOORE
FUNERAL PARLOR in charge.
MUEsING. CHARLES Cage 81 years. be-
loved husband Of Louise Muesing. father
Of Elmer Alvin. Margaret. Erwin and
Lawrence MuesinR. passed awav Sunday.
FEB. I. 1884. az the residence. 1893 E.
Minnesota S.. Funeral Wednesday. las
?. m. at residence. and 2:30 D. m. at
Zion Evangelical church Burial Crown
Hill. FrieRds invited. @. H. HERMANN
N CHARGE.
WHITE. DOLLIE MARIE-Wife of Sargent
II White. daughter Of Mrs. Nora
Anderson. passed away at the Post
Hospital Sunday morning. Services at
THE FLANNER a. BUCHANAN NOR
TUARY Wednesday. a. m. and at the
Baptist Church al Linton. Ind. 80
p. N. Burial at Linton Friends may
call at the mortuary any time.
2 Cards, In MemOriams
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1934-02-05

2 Cards, In MemOriams
LEUKEI-In loving memory Of my mother.
MRS MILDRED A LEUKEL who
passed away years ago today
MRS. EDNA PURDY.
Evening star., 1934-04-22
Unintenti0uaL

Judge-So you broke bat over that mans
head? Well, what can you say for yourself3
Prisoner-Your honor, It was an accident.
Judge-An accidentf Impossiblel
Prisoner-I didn't mean to break the bat
Evening star., 1934-04-22

+ 4 ;. =, n ~ 5
Illustrated By ETHEL HAYS
"why?" asked the attorney What hap
pened?"
Pete explained briefly. drawing the stool
from its support to show Just how he had Wis
tied retribution ON the troublemaker. Then he
jerked his thumb gesturing to where the de-
tective and the prisoner stood In front Of one
of the down elevator shafts. and told how the
man had been collared when the elevator door
opened
His explanation was speedily cut short,
however.
THE girl with the corn-colored hair had her
arms around Mr. Franklin's neck "Oh,
PaulPaul I'm so glad you're not hurt badly"
He looked down at her. "You-you really
care?"
"Y-y-yes"
The young lawyers eyes grew wide with .
sudden quick surmise.
But when we got into the elevator you were
talking about divorce"
"Well, I'm not talking about one now When
that-that roughneck hit you well. knew
I'd die if you did, Paul"
Paul laughed happily. 1T takes more than
that to knock me of, darling!"
They left the elevator, arm in arm, wholly
oblivious to Pete and Mr.. Middleton Marshall.
"Whew!" breathed Pete. That's more ex-
ctement than I've had in years" He took of
his cap and scratched his head.
Then he looked up at the older man and
grinned suddenly
Funny" he said, but you can get all kinds
of folks packed into one carful, can't you?"
Yes, Pete. You probably never thought
about it before-but every minute of the day
you've carful Of people with one thing or
another on their minds Don't believe ever
thought about it myself. Pete. 1t makes my
own troubles seem small enough"
The business man sighed gently, and his
eyes had far-away look.
Pete's brows wrinkled as he mediated over
this strange and hitherto unconsidered aspect
of his daily job.
1t always seemed just like the same old
thing, day after day, hauling load up and
taking q load down. The people who rode
with him had hardly seemed to be individuals.
They had just been passengers. Now, abrupt
ly, the young elevator operator realized that
great deal of exciting and poignant human
drama could be compressed between the walls
Of an elevator without any one happening to
notice it.
These people today, now-what an assort-
ment! And how the stoppage of the car had
affected their diverse lves
DETE grinned and shook his head in a puz-
zled way. THAT crook. No wonder he
was in such hurry! And those two kids,
they mighta gone and got their divorce, if the
car hadn't got stuck. Gone ahead and got it
without stopping to realize they was crazy about
each other. And that goofy dame"
Pete stopped suddenly. "Sa-ay! This car
gettin' stuck probably saved guys life,
didn't it?"
Mr.. Middleton Marshall passed a hand over
features that seemed suddenly gray and weary.
Then he handed Pete cigar.
Perhaps" he said. "it saved two lives,
Pete"
With that he walked out, and Pete saw him
enter one Of the down" cars Suddenly there
flashed into Petes mind a stray tag of elevator
gossip he'd overheard something about the
difficulties Of the firm of Adiddleton-Marshan
& Co.
my gosh-he-was goin' to the top to
jump!"
Evening star., 1934-04-22

P WENT Car 6, zooming easily
along its vertical channel
looming. until, quite suddenly, It
stopped dead between the twentieth
and twenty first floors.
The f7va nassan0erx In petqss
Evening star., 1934-10-22
K|NGSFORD-SM|TH
DELAYS TAKE-OFF
Trans-Pacific Flight to U. S,
to Be Resumed Wed
neSday.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
SUVA, Fiji, October 22.-Heavy
rains forced Sir Charles Kingsford-
Smith today to postpone until We'd
nesday a take-off on the next leg Of
his transpacific flight to the United
States.
Sir Charles. accompanied by Capt.
P. J. Taylor, his navigator, probably
will fly to Tanning Island, 1900 miles
from Suva, where there is a long,
hard beach suitable for landing, and
will continue to Honolulu Thursday.
He had first planned to fly direct
to Honolulu, 3,197 miles away.
Sir Charles and Capt. Taylor as
navigator, completed the first leg Of
their trip from Australia to California
at sos pm, Sunday, Suva time.
After a thrill-filled fight during
which they flew blind for a time and
battled with rain and a missing motor,
the intrepid pair brought their plane,
the Lady Southern Cross, to safe
landing in Albert Park, just II hours
As minutes after the take-of at BriS-
bane.
Ahead of them is a far more trying
journey across one of the lonelieSt
stretches of water in the world.
Their only contact with the out
side world will be through radio COM
munication with the liner Mariposa,
now south of Honolulu, and possibly
the few civilized islands.
Evening star., 1934-10-22
CITY NEWS IN BRIEF.

TODAY.
Dinner, University of South Caro-
line Alumni, University Club, $50
pm.
Meeting, Col. James S. Petit Auxil-
iary, United Spanish War Veterans,
Naval Lodge Hall, Fourth street and
Pennsylvania avenue southeast.
Meeting, Delta Chapter, Pi Omicron
National Sorority, Willard Hotel,
7:30 pm.
Card party, Liberty Union Woman's
Benefit Association, Washington Loan
and Trust Co., building, 8:15 pm.
Dinner, Federal Deposit Insurance
Corp, Mayflower Hotel, pm.
Committee meeting. Community
Chest, Mayfower Hotel, pm.
Dinner National Board of Man.
agement, D. A. r., Mayflower Hotel,
$50 pm.
Bingo party, Gen. Emmett Urell
Auxiliary, No. S, United Spanish War
Veterans, 8 @ street northeast. s:3e
pm.
TOMORROW.
Luncheon, Women's National Press
Club, Willard Hotel, pm.
Luncheon, Membership Committee,
Board of Trade, Mayfower Hotel,
1890 pm.
Meeting, Association Of Bank Wom-
en- Mayf1ower Hotel, $50 am.
Supper, Holy Name School, 1877
West Virginia avenue northeast. 4:30
to 7:30 pm.
Meeting, Alpha Chapter OF Athen-
ians, Hotel Burlington, DR.. Walter H.
E. Jaeger and DR.. Charles B. Hale,
lecturers, 8 pm.
Luncheon, Kappa Beta Pi Legal
Sorority Carlton Hotel, 1915 pm.
Luncheon-meeting, Probus Club,
Hay-Adams House, 1890 pm.
Luncheon, Coluns'a Heights Busi-
ness Mems Association, 1916 Four
teenth street, 1915 pm.
Bingo patty, Col. John Jacob AStor
Auxiliary, United Spanish War Vet
Grams, 9 @ street northeast, pm.
Dance, Brightwood Rebekah Lodge,
No IL, Order of Eastern Star, Bright
wood Masonic Temple, Georgia and
Colorado avenues.
Meeting, Government Group In
surance Conference, room 5842 of
Commerce Building 8 pm.
Evening star., 1934-10-22
SE44 BeIow," Ne,o
Melcher Comedy,
To Be GiUe7s Here

Bess Davis Schreiner and Mabel
Van Dyke announce the presentation
of a new comedy in three acts, IA
Below" by e. de s. Melcher, dra-
matte critic of The Star, on the eve
nings of wednesday, November 20,
and Thursday, November 20, at
Pierce Hall. The production will be
directed by Frank Baer.
Evening star., 1934-10-22

Thieves"
Miss Van Dyke, equally well known.
was a member of the group which
presented Mr.. Melcher's first play,
Little White Mice" in 1888.
Frank Baer Is the author of "Rhap-
sody in Blah," which was played sue
cessfully last Summer.
IA Below" is a satiric comedy
dealing with the American depression
and its effect on a socially prominent
family.
Evening star., 1934-10-22

M. North, deputy third assistant post
master general, at a luncheon meeting
tomorrow at 1890 pm. at the National
Press Club.
Norman c. Kal, president Of the
club, will preside.
Evening star., 1934-10-22

The cast, to be
announced soon,
will be composed
of prominent
Washington play
ers.
Miss Schreiner
presented t h e
w a S h | n g.
ton Community
p ! a y e r s in
S h a k e S p cares
Romeo and JUL
let" last week,
and has been
responsible I o r
the local success
Evening star., 1934-10-22
WILL APPEAL TOPAST0RS
Littlepage Will Ask Support in
Modernizing Program.

Pastors of more than so churches
of all faiths in the city are expected
to attend a luncheon meeting at the
Y. w. c. A. at noon tomorrow at
which aid of the churches will be
sought in the Washington Better
Housing Campaign. Thomas P. Little
page, general chairman of the drive,
being carried on under the Federal
Housing Administration moderniza-
ton program, and John Poole, execu-
tive director, will address the group.
Evening star., 1934-10-22

Glasgow and Aberdeen, Scotland,
have been connected by new air
service.
Evening star., 1934-10-22
NORTH WILL SPEAK
Postal Official Will Address Ad

The ambitions of the Post ONCE De-
partment to make more business In
Washington by advertising will be re-
vealed to the Advertising Club by Roy
Evening star., 1934-10-22
Avoid Intestinal
Fatigue

Many people suffering from In
testinal Fatigue, commonly called
Constipation, do not know what
it is to feel good. One or two
E-Z Tablets for a day or two are
Just what these people need. They
have more pep" and step hvelier
than in years. Dizziness, tired
feeling, head aches, when due to
constipation, disappear. Surely
makes a difference. See for you
self. You get so little E-z Tablets
for 25c. At all good drug stores.
advertisement.
Evening star., 1934-10-22
Planes Cross Desert.

Bechuanaland is starting a regular
air service across the Kalahari Desert.