davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times., 1934-08-28
WORLD NEWS

bank, in which he plans for drastic
new curbs on imports into Ger
many. In his position as acting
minister of economics, DR.. Schacht
spoke for the government Of
Chancellor Hitler when he an
nounced that henceforth only i'm
porters actually possessing certified
amounts of foreign exchange would
be permitted to bring foreign
Merchandise into the Reich.
The Washington times., 1934-08-28
IRELAND

BELFAST, Aug. % U.N.SO.
General owen O'Duffy, who has
raised such a turmoil with his
organization of Blue Shirts" in
the Irish Free State, was under
ban today against his entering
or organizing in Ulster. The
Sim Fein has long been under
ban here. The addition of Gen.
eraI O'Duffy's rightist organiza-
ton evidently was inspired by
recent statements of the general
that the Blue Shirts were the one
hope of a united Ireland.
The Washington times., 1934-08-28
Cheers Greet Rap
AtLiberty League

TOPEKA, Kan, Aug. % G.N.SO.
Guy T. Helvering, head of the
Internal Revenue Bureau and
Kansas Democratic State chair.
man, was cheered as he de-
nounced the new Liberty League
in opening a State party council
here today. He said:
81 am glad to see the Liberty
LeaguerS finally get on the side
they belong on. If property is
their God, then they should get
out and champion property
rights above human rights"
The Washington times., 1934-08-28
NOVA SCOTIA

HALIFAX, Aug. 28.-An anne
sia victim for many months,
George L. Holginger, Of New
York, wandered to Windsor, Nova
Scotia. There was an explosion
there yesterday. In some man
ner the force of the explosion re-
stored the memory of the ailing
man. He was on his way home
today.
The Washington times., 1934-08-28
CLOTHES STOLEN

Clothing valued at 1920 was re-
ported stolen from an automobile
parked in the 800 block T st. N.
W., by the owner, William AIRING
ton, of Elizabeth, N. j. Mr.. Ar
rington said the thieves had pried
open a door Of the car.
The Washington times., 1934-08-28
ENGLAND

LONDON, Aug. % GN.SO.
Formal decision to notify the sig
natorieS of its abrogation Of the
washington naval treaty was
reached by Japan today, accord
ing to an Exchange Telegraph
dispatch from Toyko. The de-
cision was reached at conference
between Premier Okada and his
Navy and foreign affairs minis
tiers.
The premier and his colleagues
also decided upon the instructions
to be given Admiral Yamamoto
regarding the forthcoming naval
discussions. It was understood
Japan would suggest drastic all
round disarmament, with a warn
ing this nation would build to
what she considers necessary de-
fensive levels if adequate steps
in this regard are not taken.
The Washington times., 1934-08-28
BRAZIL.

NATAL, Brazil, Aug. ga new
plane record for the trip between
here and Rio de Janeiro was
made today as the ship carrying
the 10 American newspapermen
made the $500 miles at the rate
of 18O miles per hour.
The Washington times., 1934-08-28
HOSPITAL SPURNS GIFT

NEW YORK, Aug. 2S.--Because
the money was raised through a
society ball at which some of the
guests were dressed in costumes
depicting the Bathing Beauties
of History" st. Joseph'S Hospital
today refused to accept a cash do
nation. One of the characters in
the pageant was dressed as Joan
Of Arc.
The Washington times., 1934-08-28
DENMARK

COPENHAGEN, Aug. % ON.
S.).-Dispatches from Juliane-
haab, Greenland, today expressed
the gravest fears for the safety
of DR.. John U. Light, American
aviator, flying from Cartwright,
Labrador, to Julianehaab. The
Greenland board has officially
declared DR.. Light missing. He
was expected in Julianehaab
yesterday when the station there
was last in communication with
him.
The Washington times., 1934-08-28
GERMANY

LEIPZIG, Aug. % GN.s).
More than ever a national insti-
tution," the Leipzig business fair
got under way today following the
opening speech by DR.. Hjalmar
Schacht, president of the Reichs-
The Washington times., 1934-08-28
Continued from Page ~

CONTINUED from Page I.
tries, merely by their desire to
better their own conditions.
Wisdom Is Manifest
Since this betterment Of the
condition of the property owner
this possibility of improving ex-
isting homes and this possibility
Of having new homeS-is so regu'
lated by the Federal Government
The Washington times., 1934-08-28
j. 8. WATCHING
COAST VOTE
CONTINUED from Page ~

Continued from Page y
nations go today, hot run-off
fights are assured in November,
except in the case Of United
States Senator Hiram Johnson,
and one State officer.
Senator johnson was assured
OF nomination on the tickets of
both Republican and Democratic
parties, and on the Common,
wealth and Progressive tickets as
well.
The Washington times., 1934-08-28
FRANCE

PARIS, Aug. % d.N.s).-The
court of appeals has rejected a
petition by Mr.. and Mrs. Robert
Gordon Switz, of East Orange,
N. j., for release from prison
pending their trial on espionage
charges. They have been held for
months while a searching investi-
CATION has been in progress.
The Washington times., 1934-08-28

PARIS, Aug. 28.-Clark Howell.
publisher of the Atlanta Constitu-
ton and chairman of the recently
appointed aviation committee
which Is making an investigation
into the industry, said today that
his tour of Europe convinced him
that America leads the rest Of the
world in aviation.
The Washington times., 1934-08-28
TREASURY STATEMENT

BY International News Service
Treasury balance as of August
Is: $2,21S,857, ,565.03; internal
revenue, $2,631 ,623.20; custom
receipts, $18,594, ,425.05.
The Washington times., 1934-08-28

TOmOrrOw's article will con-
Germ the types of repair that
may be made by property own
erS under the "modernizatiOn"
program,
Evening star., 1934-09-09
Approach to Inter.American Accord
Seen Possible Through Education

seem strange to many, but I believe
that the Panama Canal will in time
serve to tie these 20 nations of Latin
heritage and culture into a closer and
more natural union than is the polit-
ically motivated and unnatural union
we have today as result of resolu-
tions of pan-American conferences
promoted by the Pan-American Union.
Fruitful pan-American accord and
action must first come from Latin
American accord. The United States
cannot divide and rule. Accord, how
ever, can be achieved by the cutting
of the canal-Latin American at first,
to be followed by pan-American ac-
cord An apparently inimical act
can become, with cosmic irony. a
most friendly fact. The canal should
concrete and strengthen the natural
desire of these Latin nations to re-
establish regional groups. which lead
ership and circumstances foreshad-
owed at the beginning of their political
history. That pattern is always pres
ent in the political consciousness of
these nations. No small part has that
pattern played in their programs of
government by revolution. The con-
(. sequent inconsistent policy Of recogni-
~rAt-
Evening star., 1934-09-09
French Politicians
Eye Gold Standard

PARASITIC franc and the gold
standard are playing a big part in
French politics.
Many business interests in this
country favor depreciating the cur
rency, in the belief that the conse-
quent lowering of real prices would
stimulate trade. Exports have suf-
fered severely through the high price
of the franc as expressed in foreign
monies, and the tourist traffic has
been brought almost to a standstill.
Boatloads of American tourists ar
rive here, take look at Paris prices,
and then fit to other countries.
Opinion throughout the country,
however, is strongly opposed to deval-
uation. People have not forgotten
that only seven years ago the franc
was devaluated by four -fifths. Gov
ernment bondholders and other peo-
pie with fixed incomes were reduced
from comparative aff1uence to extreme
misery. They fear that another de-
valuation would have the same effect.
(Copyright. 1934D
Evening star., 1934-09-09

some chatting, provided the session be
dull one, but all keeping an eye on
the House and its proceedings. II
an important measure be up the
scene changes. At such times the
galleries are full and each man is
noting either mentally or with pen
the things about which he wishes to
write Some sit in their seats writing
rapidly and sending the sheets as last
as they finished off to the telegraph Of
flee in the room just back of the gall
lery, the first of many such dispatch
reaching the Office of the newspaper
to which it is sent before the last
part is written. Others stand and all
comment now and then to their next
door neighbor on the action of the
House.
There are a hundred correspondents
entitled to seats in this gallery. Most
of them are young men between Is
and 35 years of age, but there are
some whose locks have grown gray in
the service, and several, like w. B.
Shaw and Ben Perley Poore, nave
lived history here for the past 80
years and more. They come from
every State in the Union, and there
is not a country village into which
some of their papers do not 90.
There are no ladies in this gallery,
though Washington has some bright
female correspondents. But these
usually have seats in the gallery re-
served for members families, and this
year Mrs. Snead, or Mrs. Grundy" as
is her nom de plume, has been
favored with place in the seats re-
served for the use of the Speakers
family.
Directly back of the press gallery
is writing room, large, airy and we'll
Evening star., 1934-09-09
CENTRAL AMERICAN UNION
DISCUSSION is REVIVED
Failure of Guatemala City Conference
Recalled by Anniversary Date,
Remnant of Past Federation.
--Harris-Ewing Photo,

that not until some of those govern
ments are more truly representative
of their people should the attempts
to form Central American fedora
ton be taken seriously at all.
He would have known. finally, that
the sponsors of the recent conference
at Guatemala City were more con-
cerned with devising means to in
trench the existing governments more
firmly in power than with laying the
bases for a political or economic union
The program of the conference clear
ly disclosed such intentions, as this
column pointed out at the time. Seem
ingly lost among number of highly
resounding but innocuous declarations
about peace and international accord
there was draft project in the pro-
gram, entitled "Co-operation for the
maintenance of the existing institu-
tions," which provided for mutual aid
and assistance in re-establishing inter-
nal order and repressing anarchy "in
case of any revolutionary movement
threatening the institutions and the
constitutional life" of any one of the
Central American nations.
Pledge of Assistance.
At the outbreak of international
disturbances in one of the countries
parties to the agreement the other
signatory countries would have bound
themselves to lend all their assistance
in SuppreSsing it, for which purpose
they would have pledged their COM
bined police forces to the defense of
the menaced government. The draft
project further proposed that the sig
natory countries recognize and de-
clare that there exists no legal way of
changing the public power other than
that provided in the constitution"
and that they agree not to recognize
in the future any government born of
violence.
The enactment of these proposals
would have amounted to denying the
people of Central America the right
to revolt, nothing more nor less than
denying them the fundamental right
of self-government. Revolution is
quite often-probably more so in Latin
America than anywhere else-the
only way out of tyrannical and arbi-
trary regime which has suppressed all
other forms of popular expression.
BY agreeing to cooperate with each
other In the maintenance of the ex-
;sting institutions the governments of
Continued on Fifth Page.)
Evening star., 1934-09-09
BY GLEN LEVIN SWIGGETT.
Chairman Of the Organization Committee
OF the 1nter-American Federation
of Education

Chairman OF the ORGANIZATION Committee
OF the lnter-American Federation
of Education.
South of Panama, the scene of Boil
vars tragic failure for pan-American
accord over 100 years ago, lie 10 ma
tions with substantial settlements
nearly century before jamestown
and Plymouth. To the north lies
Mexico, ever watchful of big brother
relationship to the five rainbow coffee
and banana countries of Central
America. Far flung in the cobalt
Caribbean lie the three island nations,
the beginning and base of Spanish cul-
ture in the Americas. Political pull to
the north for over a century has dis
turbed the natural cultural and racial
attraction southwark of these magic
isles.
In dividing one of the major land
masses the Panama Canal severed
physically continental Latin America
Its spiritual unity, however, remains
intact, stronger with the passing years,
as the Latin peoples better understand
that their strength and sovereignty lie
in the kinship of social heritage, of
common social forces that are creating
| for them common culture. 1t may
Evening star., 1934-09-09
Town Marks Birthplace
Of Polish Christianity

KRUSzWICA, Poland.-This city
of 5000 inhabitants, to whom such
modern conveniences as gas and elec-
tricity are prohibited by law in order
to maintain the aspect of prehistoric
times, is the cradle of Polish Chris
tianity and Of monarchical rule. This
is proved to tourists by two concrete
landmarks. The first is church more
than TOO years old and the second a
brick tower known as "Mysza Wieza,"
or Tower of Mice"
AS far back as 1000 BIC, accord
ing to studies of excavations made by
Prof. zygmunt zakrzewski, geologist,
pagans settled the swampland here
around Lake Goplo. Because of the
difficult access to their communities,
they worshiped their gods in perfect
freedom. Little is known of the
chronicle from those days to 966.
when Mieczyslaw I married Dabrow-
ka, Czech princess, on the condition
that he would introduce Christianity
into Poland.
(Copyright, 1934.)
Evening star., 1934-09-09
BY GASTON NERvAL.

VERY year, as September Is
- comes around, government Of
f1cials and leaders of public
~ opinion in the five republics
of Central America revive their
talk of a Central American fedora
ton. Their celebration of a common
national day is one of the last rem
nants of their extinguished uinon,
and it is only logical that on that
date the Central Americans should
pause to think of what might have
been.
Unfortunately. when their Fourth
of July celebration" is over the lead
ers of the five Central American
states seem to forget their VOWS and
return to their old quarrels, rivalries
and disunion. But, if one we're to
judge solely by the oratory and the
grandiloquent pledges which are reg
ularly heard around this time of the
year in each of the five Central Amer
lean capitals, the dreamed federation
would appear almost at hand
1t is probably influenced by this
state Of mind that a reader, who
is at present touring the Caribbean
republics, writes asking why this
column has not reported the agree
ments and conclusions of the con-
ference of Central American gov
ernments recently held at Guatemala
City-a conference which he deems
to have advanced the date of the
re-eStablishment of a real and per-
manent Central American federation.
Failures of the Past.
If that reader were not simply a
tourist, but student of Central
American affairs, familiar with Gen.
tral American history and politics, he
would not have asked the question.
He would have known that the recent
meeting, misleadingly called the First
Central American Conference" was
only one more in long list of SIM
liar congresses which, in the past
few decades, have increased consid-
erably the existing literature con-
corning federation-but only the
literature. He would have known
that the conclusions of the latest
conference were purely academic
some of them superfluous, and that
they could no more bring about the
union of the Central American re-
publics than the forthcoming Naval
Disarmament Conference could estab-
lish everlasting peace on the face of
the earth. He would have known
Evening star., 1934-09-09
Cosulich Family
Leads Trieste Shipping

TRIESTE, Italy-The history of
Trieste is history of shipping. and
the history of Trieste shipping Is the
history of the Cosulich family. For
three generations the Cosuliches have
been among the ablest builders and
navigators of ships in the world. For
one generation the Cosuliches have
dominated Trieste.
Control of all Italian shipping has
now passed to the banks, and through
the banks to the government. Never
theleSs, the five living Cosulich
brothers still direct and operate the
most important part of Trieste's ship-
yards and navigation companies.
(Copyright 1934J
Evening star., 1934-09-09
Costly.

From the Philadelphia Inquirer.
A stamp collector is said to have
sold his wife. After all, trying to keep
up with Postmaster General Farley's
special issues must be pretty expensive.
Evening star., 1934-09-09
IN THE PRESS GALLERIES
DURING THE EIGHTIES
Press Termed 'Second Congress" by
Noted Journalist, Who Describes
Its Workings so Years Ago.

This Is the nineteenth of series
Of Weekly articles on interesting
persons and events In the National
Capital during the 80s. by Frank
G. Carpenter, iDorld- famous author
ana rraDeler. The merit chapter in
the series tGM be published merit
Sunday IN The Stdr.
Evening star., 1934-09-09

upon thousands of miles of
travel, for conferences with hundreds
upon hundreds of political committees
and leaders, and for his scores upon
scores of speeches, delivered in every
section of the country and in almost
every State of the Union during the
last two years.
The record of this genial Postmaster
General and chairman of the Demo-
cratic National Committee for travel
and for speech-making, when viewed
merely from the point of the physical
effort involved, is almost incredible.
He started romping about the country
many months before the presidential
primaries began in 1932-al in the
interest of the candidacy of Franklin
D. Roosevelt, then Governor of New
York, for the Democratic presidential
nomination. During the campaign
that year he travelled some more
when he wasn't holding down the
campaign headquarters in New York
When President Roosevelt had been
safely ensconsed in the White House
and Mr.. Farley had become a member
of the cabinet, it looked as though
he might settle down in Washington
and give up running about. Did he?
He did not
First he travelled hither and yon in
the interest of the repeal of national
prohibition-a platform pledge of the
Democrats. And when that was over
and the twenty-first amendment rati-
fed, it was time for big Jim" to
travel some more, or so he must have
thought. There was a campaign for
the election of new Congress in
the offing. In the opinion of the
chairman of the Democratic National
Committee, there is never any time
to let down on political organization.
So he began moving about again.
Look at the record.
Evening star., 1934-09-09
Prolific Harvest.

From the La Crosse Tribune.
1t is strange, but when man sows
wild oats he just raises cain.
Evening star., 1934-09-09
As Speeches in 1888.

In 1888, from January until De-
cember 29, Mr.. Farley made As set
speeches and many others which were
extemporaneous and at various gather
ings to which he was invited during
the course of his travels. He only
visited l8 of the States for his set
speeches, but these States stretched
from Texas to Minnesota and from
Florida to Maine.
This year, the congressional cam
paign year, he has been still more on
the move. He has made so set
speeches, with many more attendant
extemporaneous addresses, incident to
his Journeys, and he has visited for
these set speeches % States. These
travels date from January 13 up to
the present time. And yet the cam
palgn is not yet really under way. Be-
fore the year is out, if he keeps up his
usual pace, he will have made Gulliver
look like piker. During the last
few weeks he has been in all the
Pacif1ce Coast States. He has been
North, East, South and West, and still
he is on the wing. If it were not for
his physique-he is strong as well as
big-and his unfailing good humor, he
could not stand the strain. All of his
travelling this year has been by train.
He took bit of time off last year and
went to Europe, which gave him bit
OF boat travel. He made half dozen
trips about this country by airplane-
one to Texas-last year, and while
he was in Europe he flew across the
English Channel and had the experi-
Evening star., 1934-09-09

livery year, as September Is
- comes around, government Of
ficials and leaders of public
~ opinion in the five republics
Evening star., 1934-09-09
He Really Likes People
BY G. GOULD LINCOLN.

~ LIKE people"
ss This is big Jim" Farley's
brief and simple explanation
4 of his capacity for thousands
Evening star., 1934-09-09

Continued on Fifth Page
Evening star., 1934-09-09

&: :: :: T. !:
of tho pact Tho euhiact
Evening star., 1934-09-09

Lie JILL cIldCGcQ Dy UIle IdSI COn-
gress providing retirement pay for
railroad employees contains essential
features that almost certainly will be
incorporated in the general legislation
sponsored by the President. Person.
ally he would have preferred to have
that measure delayed until the next
Congress, but as long as the Congress
took matters into its own hands and
laid the bill before him he ap-
proved it.
Beyond any doubt the legislation
was loosely drawn; it did not provide
sufficient revenues to maintain the
system permanently. However, both
employers and employees supported it,
So the President attached his sigma
ture to it, characterizing it as "in line
with sound social policy" Thus he
indicated the general type of old-age
pension legislation he desires.
Details of the railroad bill provide
for retirement at the age of 65 after
80 years of continuous service. The
costs will be borne by the employers
and employees. the railroads contribut-
ing per cent of their total pay rolls
and the workers per cent Of their
wages.
This division of costs is likely to be
changed when lie Congress meets.
AS originally dra tied, the bill called
upon the workers TO contribute 25 per
cent, but the half was Topped off at
the insistence of organized labor. In
its enacted form it is expected to
produce $90,000,000 annually. This
may be all very well for the first
three or four years, when the disburse-
ments will be less than the estimated
receipts. Later. however. the costs
will increase materially. Indeed, they
will keep on increasing until the
probable maximum is reached IS years
hence. Already the railroads are
warning that because of these in
creasing obligations they must ad-
vance their rates. This is the in
evitable trend.
To get an inkling of what national
old-age pension law would mean to
this country it is necessary to study
the operation of systems in other
lands. For the most part the pro-
visions apply to the lowest economic
groups, and relatively low annual
income is fixed. Those above that
standard do not file applications.
The most common age limit is 60
to IS, although occasionally as low
as so years and as high as 70. The
age limit is somewhat higher in
Milford chronicle., 1934-01-19

ty agent, who is also a past presi-
dent of the club. The newly elected
officers were installed by NJ. Chan
ming Wagner, Wilmington, who is
lieutenant governor Of the sixth dis
trict, kiwanis International.
The officers installed were II. Mil
ton James. president; ElwoOd VI.
Cook. vice president; John !. Par
sons, secretary; Glen VI. Huston,
treasurer; Edwin w. Higgins,
Franklin Gordy. Nathaniel NJ. Coma
way, {. Russell Snyder. Harry NJ.
King and Granville r. Locates, di-
TectOrs.
William l.. Torhert, Jr.. retiring
president, was presented with a past
presidents pin by Lieutenant Cover
nor Wagner. who applauded Mr..
Torbert for his excellent record as
president of the club. Mr.. Wagner
also presented the newly elected
president, II. Milton James. with a
presidents badge.
The speaker of the evening was
DR.. Emil Nlayerberg. of Wilmington.
who spoke ON the subject Citizens
COuncil' outlining in detail this
new movement which is attracting
Statewide attention. :-.