Evening star., 1934-11-25
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July celebration. with the temperature
at 60 below, was one of the high spots
in the explorers year. Turkey, plum
pudding, mince pie, cocktails and the
Antarctic Follies," composed of two
dog drivers. a mechanic and the ice
cream maker, supplied conviviality
and entertainment enough. During
the long, dark Winter inactivity and
repression dulled the men so that
some left their hunks only to eat or
change books. The genial Geologist"
was the strong pillar of our dis
cipline" With the Spring and the
bec1nning of work spirits rose. Mr..
Owen tells only of the personal life
and relations of the men of the ex-
pedition; the scientific work was not
his job. 1t is story of adaptation to
necessity frankly and most entertain
ingly told.
AUTOPSY OF THE MONROE DOC
TRINE. The strange story of inter-
American relations. By CASTOR
Nerval. New York: The Macmil-
Ian Co.
THE Monroe Doctrine has often
enough been called the sick man
OF America and its death sentence has
been pronounced by numerous political
scientists, but this is the first time
that an autopsy has been performed
The autopsy takes into account all the
diseases from which the patient suf-
fered, but not the evidences of health,
which are not the business Of autop-
sizes. Perhaps, also, the autopsy has
been performed before the patient is
dead. CASTOR Nerval is the pseudonym
of Raul Diez de Medina, whose father
is former Bolivian Minister to the
United States and is now in the for
eign Office of Bolivia. He himself was
at one time secretary of the legation,
in Washington and then began his
Journalistic work, which before long,
through his increasing interest in it,
resulted in his resignation from the
diplomatic service. Inter American
relations have always been the subject
Of his especial study, and his articles
now appear in many newspapers in
the United States and are widely
quoted throughout Latin America.
Though some of our historians are
In substantial agreement with CASTOR
Nerval's point of view, it is the point
of view Of Latin American interest
and does not do justice to the motives
which inspired the pronouncement of
the Monroe Doctrine or to the service
1t has rendered on many occasions in
preserving peace in the Western Hemi-
sphere. 1t may be true that 1T was
the safety and interests of the United
States which President Monroe and
his advisers had in mind when they
drafted the historical message" for
considerations Of nationalistic self-in-
terest were then and are now COM
mon to all nations, and the age of
universal brotherhood has not yet ar
rived, but the additional purported
motive Of concern for the independ-
ence of the Latin American republics
was not mere hypocrisy. CASTOR Ner-
vals criticism of the Monroe Doctrine
falls into two parts: An attempt to
prove that even in its origin it had
not the significance and efficacy
claimed for it by its supporters, and
an indictment of its modern interpre-
tations and applications. He does not
stop with negative criticism, however,
but offers reasonable plan for
New DeaT in Pan-Americanism
namely, the burial of the Monroe Doc
trine and the substitution of Pan
American Doctrine of Joint Response
bility" The ideal is a good one, but
twentieth century efforts at interna-
tional cooperation have not been SO
strikingly successful as to arouse much
practical hope for its realization.
WAR MEMORIES OF DAVID LLOYD
GEORGE. Vol. w. 1917. Boston:
Little. Brown & Co.
THE publication of this volume of
Lloyd Georges Memoirs has
caused some commotion in England
because Of the war premier's criticism
of the conduct of the war by the
British high command. London news
indicates that Downing Street would
like the possession of some of the
documents retained by ex-cabinet
ministers. Probably by this time the
only member of the British cabinet
who remained in Office throughout the
World War has extracted from the
documents all the data he requires
for the remaining two volumes of the
Memoirs. Regardless of government
ethics or etiquette, public sympathy
and the sympathy of historians are
likely to be on the side of full publicity
for the facts, now that the war Is a
matter of history AS for interpreta-
ton of the facts by different political
and military participants, historians
and students of history may make
their own allowances for personal
prepossessions and prejudices.
The period covered by this volume
is from the decision to hold an i'm
perial conference from which grew the
imperial war cabinet, first mentioned
in Lloyd Georges speech to the House
of Commons December 10, 1916, to
the setting up of the Inter-Allied War
Council at the Rapallo Conference
November Z, 1917. Between these
two important steps took place the
allied struggle with the Turks, the
creation of the British Air Ministry.
various peace moves. including that OF
the Vatican; the third battle of Ypres,
with the tragic episode of Passchen-
daele, and the Caporetto disaster in
Italy. In his summary of the results
of the 1917 campaigns Lloyd George
says that by the end of the year "the
balance of advantage was decisively on
the allied side.'' in spite of bad mis-
THE history of 1917 is
one of our winning the war on sea in
spite of the Board of Admiralty, whilst
our generals were doing their best to
lose the war on land in spite OF the
The most important
to the cause Of victory in
1917 he considers to have been the
success of the steps taken to counter
the submarine attack"
X
DAN CHAUCER. An Introduction
to the Poet, His Poetry and His
Times. BY Henry Dwight Sedg-
wick. Indianapolis: The Bobbs-
Merrill Co.
CHAUCER Is pri-
marily a human being, one that
found nil humanum alienum, and