davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1934-02-01
Continental Currency of
1775-1779 Is of No Value

Continental currency is the term
applied to the 40 issues of bills Of
credit or paper money put out by au-
thority Of the continental congress
from June %, 1775, to November 20,
1779. In all, this currency amounted
to face value of $250,OOO,OO0.
The bills were promises to pay,
based upon the pledge of congress to
redeem them in Spanish milled dol
lars, or the value thereof in gold or
silver" No date for redemption was
given.
The reason for their issuance was
that the congress had no fiscal pow
ers, and no authority to levy taxes.
There was, moreover, not enough faith
in the prospects Of the revolution be-
ing successful for the congress to be
able to borrow much money.
The notes, being unsecured by any
real value, quickly deprecated, and
at the beginning of 1879 they were
able to pass for only one-eighth Of
their face. At the end of the year
their ratio to specie was 50 to /. In
1780 the congress itself recognized its
Inability to maintain their value, and
provided for their acceptance in place
of silver at ratio of 40 to 1. In 1881
the ratio fell to 100 to 1, and in 1890,
by the terms of funding act of that
year, provision was made for redeem
ing them, up to certain date, at that
ratio.
Those which were unredeemed were
thereafter without value, and no long
err circulated. Large numbers of them
are still preserved, but as they have
no currency value there is only col
lect0rS' interest In them.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1934-02-01

The National Road west of Cum
berland was maintained by the Ma
tional Government and it is interest
ing to note that some of the promi-
nent persons who passed by the door
way of the little toll house included
Henry Clay, General Jackson, General
Harrison, General Cass, President
James X. Polk and the celebrated In
dian chieftain, Black Hawk, who was
captured by General Jackson in the
battle of Upper Iowa.
The Braddock Trail crosses the old
National Highway a short distance
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1934-02-01

seated on the porch. The building as
it stands today is the lone reminder
along the National Highway in Allie
gany county, Maryland, of the his
toric period of that section when it re-
quired eighteen hours to make the
trip from Cumberland to Wheeling.
This toll house was the first point at
which travellers, after leaving Cum
berland, were required to pay toll.
The building is supposed to have
been erected about 1912 after the
highway, which was originally con-
structed in 1910, had been repaired.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1934-02-01

pitched high so as to make the angle
too steep to permit accumulation of
snow. Baltimore SHOWS are lighter
and soon melt away, so there is little
to fear from structural damage.
In the 1922 snowstorm, the second
heaviest in Baltimore, about twenty
nine inches of snow fell in two days.
If this snow had suddenly melted it
would have flooded the city with
4,800,000,000 gallons of water. The
average seasons snowfall in Mary
land ranges from nine inches at Girls
field, on the Eastern Shore, to seventy
inches at Grantsville, in the western
part of the State, while the normal
annual amount for Baltimore is twen-
ty-three inches, equivalent to only
"a inches of rain.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1934-02-01

panies before the "iron horse" cap
tured the traffic of the old National
Pike.
The house, distinctive in its archi-
lecture and regarded as historically
important, attracts the interest of
hundreds of tourists each year and &C.
cupies a warm spot in Phe affections
of the people of Allegany county.
The photograph accompanying it
shows the toll house as it was 40years
ago, before improved roads were con-
structed. Tollman Cary, the last
keeper who collected tolls, is shown
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1934-02-01
Naming of Planets After
Gods Dates Back 400 B. C..

The custom of naming the planets
after the names Of gods dates back to
at least 400 years before Christ. The
planet Mars, for instance, is named
after the Roman god Of war; Jupiter,
after the Roman god of rain and sky;
and Neptune, after the Roman god Of
the salt water. Saturn is named after
the Roman god Of agriculture.
The great festival Of Saturn, five
day holiday, took place in mid-Decem-
Der of each year, and was called
Saturnalia. At this festival mastcrs
and slaves made merry on equal foot
Ing, and with unrestrained jollity ard
abandon. This word, Saturnalia, has
come down to us through 1000 years
Of time, and today is used to signify
a feast of wild and uncontrolled rev.
elry; in modern American slang,
"whOopee."
Astr0nomically, Saturn is males
tic and fascinating deni2en of the
skies, without any Of the fearful
attributes with which astrology
charges it.
It's distance from the sun varies be-
tween S61,OO0,000 and 911,OO0,00O
miles. In point of distance wv
sun, It is the sixth pl"
planets nearer the su
order Of their pos
Venus, the Earth,
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1934-02-01

worked for two years with the idea
of memoralizing the National High
way in some fitting way as the Gate
way to the West"
1t has been suggested that the
State Forestry Department or some
of the other Public Works agencies
might do well to supply labor and su-
pervision to aid in identifying the
land around the historic points occu-
pied by the toll house, the Gateway to
the West monument and the Braddock
road where it may be seen by tour
lists as they travel along the highway.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1934-02-01

east of the toll house and follows
course westward in that vicinity across
the creek from the National Highway
at the foot of the mountain facing the
little toll house.
Additional historical Importance
has been added to the point on the
National Highway in the vicinity of
the toll house by the monument erect
ed at the intersection of the National
Highway and the Broddock Road by
the Daughters of the American Revo-
luton under the direction of Mrs. j.
Carter Shryock, Of Frostburg, who
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1934-02-01

much right to the benefits of the Fed
eral Employees Compensation Act as
any other. Moreover, $16,0O0,000 al
ready has been allotted for this year
for disqualification. AS a matter of
fact, CWA employees, under this act,
are entitled to more than war vet
Grams. A CWA worker, totally or
partially disabled, can draw as much
as SIG month, whereas the war vet
eran, under the recent Roosevelt
ruling, can draw up to $500. For
CWA funeral expenses, the State is
entitled to be reimbursed by the
burial allowance was raised recently
from $75 to 500.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1934-02-01
HISTORIC TOLL HOUSE
DEFIES TIME, WEATHER
It's Ninety Years Serves Only to
Add to Its Importance

Situated five miles east of Frost
burg and six miles west of Cumber-
land, on the National Highway, stands
the only toll house in Western Mary
land, which, during stage coach days,
was one of group of similar houses
serving as toll collection stations for
the Government and stage coach COM
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1934-02-01

The situation is perturbing, not on
ly because of the present difficulty in
finding hospital space for sick CWA
workers, but because of the possibili-
ties. Among 100000 workers there
are bound to be good many who will
die or get i'll in a year. The Govern
ment will have to bury and pay the
hospital bills for all these. There are
not enough Government hospitals to
care for this new army. The Ad-
ministration dare not overcrowd the
veterans hospitals. That would push
out veterans and raise an irresistible
demand for more hospitals. Recently
a group of distinguished physicians
was brought here to consult over the
facts. 1t developed that the CWA, now
using the U. S. Marine hospitals and,
in some cases, the veterans hospitals,
would be compelled mainly to use
private hospitals. A scale of compen-
sation at 1925 day, along with rates
for blood tests, X-ray pictures, and
other items was worked out.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1934-02-01

There has been talk of amending
the law so as to remove this new
disqualification and burial burden
from the back of the Government, but
no one sees how it can be done. For
one thing it was specifically granted
the CCC benefciaries who, though
paid less, are also on the pay roll.
For another it already has been ac-
cepted as applying to the CWA. When
these things are considered, 1t is not
surprising the Administration is
eager to end the whole project. The
trouble is it can't be ended. At least,
that is the feeling in a Congress
pressed by Mayors, Governors, ar
the families of the 100000. Con-
gressmen also consider that the H.
100000 are voters, with voting reia-
tives. The truth is the CWA was
launched overnight, without thinking
ahead. 1t was, according to one man
high up in its administration, taken
to the President one day as a sug-
gestion. In three hours it had been
put into operation-an inspiring DEM
onstration of the New Deal motto
"Speed and Action"
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1934-02-01
SOME CWA FACTS
By Frank R. Kent in The Baltimore
Sunday Sun

The more closely administration
sponsors of the Civil Works scheme
look the cold cost in the face, the
more eager they are to drop the
whole business, and the more they
fear Congress will not let them do it.
That body is even more set upon ex-
banding than the President and Mr..
Hopkins are for abandonment.
The graft and waste which Mr..
Hopkins revealed and which he is now
trying to eradicate, are serious
enough, but they are not the basic
reasons for the sudden sickening of
the idea. The real reason is the ter
rifle cost plus the fact that there is
no way of estimating the extent of
the expenditure. All the Administra-
ton knows is that the door is wide
open and the ultimate figures may be
appalling. Had the facts been rea-
liked at the start there never would
have been such high-speed pressure to
put as many on the rolls as quickly
as they could. On the contrary. the
policy would have been to keep the
limit down as low as possible, letting
in only those in direct need AS it
turned out, thousands who had jobs
quit them to get on the Government
pay roll, where they could get more
money for less work.
And now it is disclosed that every
one of the 100000 men and women
who have been gathered in, are en-
titled, under the Federal Employees
Compensation Act, to disqualification
and treatment at Government ex-
pense. Also to free burial. What
this will amount to if the Civil Works
scheme is continued indefinitely no
one connected with it cares to con-
template. 1t might make the veteran
load seem light in comparison. 1t
was one of the things not grasped
fully when the project was launched.
A man or woman on the CWA pay
roll is a Federal emnlove. with inst as
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1934-02-01

Subscribe for The Republican.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1934-02-01
GeOmetric SnOwfiakes

The climax of frost loneliness is
achieved in snowfakes, which are
composed of many tiny frost particles
of frozen moisture. They are always
geometrically hexagonal in shape,
with tiny certerpieces of ice having
feathery points that resemble fern
leaves, evergreen trees, feathers or
spikes. One projection appears at each
corner of the central crystal, and the
whole forms a six-pointed star of re-
markable symmetry.
But snow and ice also present seri-
Gus problems. Millions of dollars are
spent each year to keep highways and
streets open, and equal amounts are
expended by rail and communication
lines. In the Rockies, where SHOWS
are heavy and frequent, the roofs are
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1934-02-01

A man or woman on the CWA pay
roll is Federal employee, with just as
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1934-02-01
The Coolest Month

January is Baltimore's coolest
month, but February, as a rule, is the
most erratic. The average tempera
ture for January is about "a degrees,
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1934-01-20
COOK WRITING
ARCTIC BOOK
Still Clings To His Story
That He Discovered
North Pole

BUFFALO, N. Y, Jan. 20
HJp1-Dr. Frederick A. Cook,
world-famous polar region expl0r-
er around whose head a world
wide controversy ragged 25 years
ago when his claim of being the
first man to reach the North Pole
was disputed by Admiral Robert
E. Peary. is taking life easy these
days "by working on another
book on Arctic explorations"
DR.. Cook still clinging to the
story that he discovered the North
Pole. came to Buffalo recently 70
pay his regular visit to Edward l.
Hanna. federal probation officer.
He was released on parole re-
Gently after serving a prison term
for selling fake stock.
"They thought it was admission
of failure them" Dr.. Cook told
newspapermen, "whcn l said that
no positive estimate of the exact
location of the pole or polar cap
could be made. They thought !
was guessing when I said had
been to the pole, but today scien-
lists and polar explorers agree
that the very peak of the world
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1934-01-20
FIRST BAPTIST

THE Friendly church,
Rev. VIM. Herschel Ford, pastor
Sunday school. 9:45 a. NV.
B. Sinclair. superintendent.
Preaching services:
Morning. 11:OO-Sermon by the
pastor. why Do Christians Have
to Suffer-"
Evening 7:3O-Sermon by the
pastor. The Worlds Greatest
6:15-B. A. u, B. Y.P.U. and
Story Hour-David 7. Mashburn,
director.
Monday, 1880 p. m, the reg
ular monthly B.Y.P.U. business
meeting in the Sunday school
building.
The newly organized Bible
Study class, teacher Rev. W. H.
Ford, will meet Tuesday evening
at 7:3O in the hollowell Bible
class room.
Mrs. w. F. Bowman's group
of Jr. GAS will meet with her
Wednesday a DON after
school. Cars will be at both
schools to take the girls to Mrs.
Bowman's home.
Wednesday, 1880 p. m.-Regu-
lar mid-week prayer service.
Pastors subject will be, "Some
Things Which Baptists Do Not
Believe
The Jr. G. AS, Mrs. G. C.
PEBBLES leader, will meet Friday
afternoon after school at the
home of Miss Frances Mitchell,
Highland Avenue. Cars will be
at both schools to take the girls
to their place of meeting. The
leader urges all members to be
present.
The music for the morning ser.
vice has been planned as follows
Organ Prelude - lntermezzo-
Eject.
Offertory-To the Rising Sun
-Torjussen.
Quartette-"Prepare Ye The
Way of the rd."-Garrett.
Organ Postlude - Recessiona
Maxfield.
The music for the evening ser
vice will be as follows:
Organ Prelude-Ro m a n e
Svendsen.
Observation-Disclosures.
Special" Man of Sorrows,
What a Name. Bliss.
Organ Postlude-March-Wil
liams.
The public is cordially invited
to attend all the services Of oul
church.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1934-01-20

cannot be located exa,sY
reasonable degree of w
DR.. Cook said the H.
he wrote on his expsJ;s
all his observation s .s
data, geological topoprs.sgS!
meteorological. have fS. be-.
by more recent expejisf,'
He said he would ~,
making another dash IN, w 1
lar regions. but he bei.ss
too old for that. He ;'s'ss
hair is gray but the " n
which graced his pictm!
height of his glory is ps.
What the scienti H.
needs now,' he said, ~
ough examination Of evs.
information man has
about the poles and ,b.Y
gions. rather than more ;.
petitions. He said he W.,
ing very carefully the cpr.}
of Rear Admiral Byrd.
DR.. Cook spends his =.
daughters in East AM.
Snyder. n. Y.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1934-01-20
PRESBYTERIAN

DR.. L. T. Wilds, pastor.
Sunday school. 9:45; Lawrence
Mckay. superintendent.
Morning worship, IL o'clock
sermon subject, Providing for
Ones Own" At the close of this
service the following new elders
elect will he INSTALLED: Messrs. H.
G. Love, Il. A. Yeomans and S. l..
Woodward.
Vesper service, 5 oclock-ser-
mon subject, Goods Grace"
Christian Endeavor: Juniors at
2:3O; Seniors and intermediate at
5:45. following vesper service.
Woman's Auxiliary - monthly
meeting. Monday at $3.50. The la
dies will also observe this week
which is being observed through
out our church as a "Week of
Prayer and Self-denial for Home
Missions"
Prayer meeting Wednesday at
7:30, in the church house.
A cordial welcome to all Wis
itors.
The musical program for Sun
day is as follows:
MORNING SERVICE:
Anthem - More Love to Thee
Mario Anthem by the Choir
VESPER SERVICE:
Anthem Sought the Lord-Ste-
Mr.. Macintosh and
Choir.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1934-01-20

ditch or lead him out of the
dark. The missionary Christ leads
us in the conquest of the whole
wide world.
co A Program of Instruction.
Teaching in their synagogues.
The minds of men are becloudnd
and darkened. Yet more than
knowledge is needed. One can
know much without knowing the
thig most needful. Specifically
men need to know the way to the
Better Land. No progress can be
made in that direction without
knowing the truth as it is in
Jesus.
CD A Program of Persuasion.
preaching the gospel of the
Kingdom" Most of us know bet
ter than we do. 1t remains for
us to act upon the knowledge we
have. A persuasive ministry is
needed to stir us to action. Eff
fective preaching therefore is not
so much a matter of intellectual
information as of spiritual per-
suaSiveness, moving men to take
the needed steps on the way up
ward.
(S) A Program of Philanthr-
opy. Healing all manner of dis
ease" The Golden Rule calls for
the helping hand. The spirit of
Christ inspires succor to the
needy. Thus defects are remed-
led and disease is cured and evil
spirits are cast out. The world
must look to its good people in
the spirit Of Christ to make the
world better.
CO. A Program of Publicity.
"The report of him went forth"
He was worthy of the good name
everybody was giving him. His
disciples did their part to make
him know. His beneficiaries CRATE
fully told the story of their cure.
Everybody who knew of him and
his work passed the word along
until the land was filled with his
fame.
COY A Program of Power.
"There followed him great multi
tudes." Some came out of cuiios-
ity of course. Many came to
share and to witness his healing
ministry. Perhaps only a few at
the time were drawn to him un-
der the highest spiritual motives.
But the mighty and magnetic
Christ drew them from the lower
to the higher until at length
throngs of them followed him
trough devout and diligent lives.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1934-01-20
FIRST METHODIST

Rev. Claude Moser; minister.
Sunday school at GAS; H. c.
Ransom, general superintendent;
c. H. Magoon, teacher Mems BIZ
bic class; Mrs. j. F. Stokes, teach
er Susannah Wesley Bible class;
Mrs. L. R. Geiger. teacher PhiIa-
thea Bible class.
HOO o'clock a. m. Morning
service. Sermon by the pastor:
Theme "An Things Yours"
500 O'Clock p. m. Evening
service. Sermon by pastor.
Scripture Text: "Blessed are
the merciful for they shall OBJ
tain Mercy"
5:45 o'clock p. m. Young
peoples meetings will be held.
Wednesday evening at 1880
o'clock md-week prayer service
viii be held in church parlor.
Thursday evening at 1880
Young Peoples hour in church
parlor.
Monday afternoon at 800
o'clock the Woman's Missionary
society Will meet IN regular
meeting in church parlor. Mrs.
Charles C. Weaver. of Asheville,
conference president, will install
the officers for the New Year
and will discuss with the women
the annaul conference which will
be held in this church in April.
The public is cordially invited
to attend these services.
You are a stranger here only
once.
Organist and Directress: Miss
Kate Dotson.
Music for Sundays services has
been arranged as follows:
MORNING:
Anthem-Oh That / Had Wings
Baines.
Vocal Solo-Selected-Mr. Clyde
Jackson.
EVENING:
Ladies' Chorus-He SAUNDERS Not
Wilson.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1934-01-20
CHRISTIAN SCIENCE

Life" will be the subject of
the Lesson-Sermon in all church.
es and societies of Christ, Scien-
fist, on Sunday, January 81.
The Golden Text will be from
Matthew 19:17. IF thou wilt
enter into life, keep the COM
mandments."
Among the citations which
comprise the Lesson-Sermon is
the following from the Bible
cease We from man, whose
breath is in his nostrils: for
wherein is he to be accounted Of
(Isiah 2:22?)
The Lesson-Sermon also in
cludes the following passage
from the Christian Science text
book Science and Health with
Key to the Scriptures" by Mary
Baker Eddy: Material, CHROME
Gus belief reverses understand
ing and truth. 1t declares mine
to be in and of matter, so-calleC
mortal life to be Life, infinit!
to enter mans nostrils so thai
matter becomes spiritual. Enrol
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1934-01-20
s MORE HOMESTEAD
COMMUNITIES TO BE
ESTABLISHED SOON

WASHINGTON, Jan. 90. (UP)
Plans for the establishment of
eight additional subsistence home
stead communicative in Texas
and one each in Alabama, Ten
nessee and Delaware-were ar
nounced by Secretary of the In
terror Ickes yesterday.
Funds for these projects will be
advanced through the Federal
Subsistence Homesteads Corpora
lions to local groups which in turn
will make loans covering cost of
the homesteads to tn occupants.
Loans are repayable on a long
term basis, usually twenty years.
Twenty-Five million dollars has
been appropriated for this pur-
pose from emergency funds.
The five units in Texas are
planned near Houston, Wichits
Falls. Three Rivers, Beaumont
and Arlington.
! Alabama's unit will be at Biz.
mingham. The Tennessee develop.
ment will be centered in the Cum
berland Plateau, south of Cross.
vile, Cumberland county. A site
about FIVE miles from Wilmington
was chosen for the Delaware
project.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1934-01-20
GROVE STREET GOSPEL

(The Church of the Open Book
Sunday school at GAS a. m.
in charge of C. S. Fullbright, su-
perintendent.
Preaching services at HOO a.
M, and 1880 D. m.
C. S. Fullbright will have
charge of the morning service and
j. S. Sargent will conduct the eve
ming worship.
Young peoples meeting at $50
p. M, in charge of Miss Alma
Freeman.
These are history making days.
Come let US study our Bibles to-
gether. The only real light among
the shadows.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1934-01-20
BARKER HEIGHTS

BARKER HEIGHTS, Jan. 20.
Miss Marie Stepp age seven
year died at the home of her
parents, Mr.. and Mrs. T. R.
Stepp, of Barker Heights. Lit
tie Marie was patient and cheer
full in her long suffering and
everything in medical skill was
done to restore her to health
again but of no avail.
Funeral services were held at
Mud Creek church last Sunday
afternoon by Mr.. c. S. Full
bright. The flowers were carri-
ed by members of her class at
East Flat Rock school under the
direction On of her teacher Miss
Mr.. and Mrs. j. P. Jones, of
East Flat Rock called on Mr..
and Mrs. Gay Justus Thursday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Ed Sherman and
Mrs. Clannie Case, of East Hen
Jacksonville were guests Sunday
of Mr.. and Mrs. Dewey Sher-
man.
billiard Jones, of Marion, is
visiting his parents, Mr.. and Mrs
Pink Jones.
Mrs. B. F. Thompson is seri-
ously i'll.
Mrs. Bonnie Harry and little
son. Charles, spent Monday night
with Mrs. B. 7. Potts.
Mr.. and Mrs. Z. f. Ledbetter,
of Etowah have moved into the
house with their daughter, Mrs.
Nathan Thompson, of this place.
Miss Geneva and Carol Lamb,
of High Point, are spending
awhile with their aunt, Mrs. Lot
tie Hyder.
Rev. A. G. Buchanan, of Mar
ion, preached an interesting SER
mon at Barker Heights church,
Sunday. '@
Miss Virginia Doran, is absent
from school on account of i'll
ness.
i w. X. Justice, spent Thursday
/ night as the guest of Mrs. Nan
ME Mitchell.
Clarence Hyder has returned
home after spending a few weeks
at High Point.
The little son of Mr.. and Mrs.
Gracen Jackson is recovering
from pneumonia.
The people of this community
extend their sympathy to Mr.,
and Mrs. T. B. Stepp in their
recent sorrow.
! Mr.. and Mrs. Grady Johnson,
of Green RIVER, have moved to
| this section,