davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Nogales international., 1933-01-18
PRESS OPINIONS, CARTOONS
AND OTHER FEATURES
Farm Mortgages in u. S.
Almost Equal War Debts

debts owed TO the United States.
And because of the low Levels to
which prices OF farm products have
sunk, the income of the farmer has
dropped down to nearly a quarter
Of the income he was receiving
when such farm mortgages were
negotiated said Mr. Bowker. Be
fore the slump the farmers annual
income was about $f6tWH,Ot0WN:
now it is in the neighborhoOd of
Sc, 900 O00, 900.
THE capital debts of American
farmers arc certainly excessive ua-
der present economic c0ndithlns.
and there can be no stability in
agriculture so long as they place n
disproportionate drain upon the in
come of farming interests In many
sections OF the country there is, to
all intents and purposes, prac-
tical moratorium on farm mort
cages In some districts not even in
tcrest is being paid, the mortgage
owners being content to let the
farmer remain on his land il he rs
able TO pay taxes.
Settlement cf our farm debt
problem is, therefore. as vital as
the nations economic welfare as is
the settlement of our foreign debts
The American farmer finds himself
with capital debts madp in an ezra
of inflated values. His dollar OF in
come is now estimated to be worth
only 81 cents. according to govern
rnent index numbers. This means
that his S90O0,DO0.00O OF mortgages
must be paid off with 54-ccnt dol
lars; that is to say. his present debt
would be equivalent to an indebted
ness Of S12U00 GOO 000 under pro
slump conditiors Certainly this il
problem, said Mr. Bowkcr, "thTt
warrants the attention and thought
cf the best r,'inds Of America
Nogales international., 1933-01-18

NeD Y0rk-P0rts Fashions
a girlIsh jacket-frock in a new
: soft Crepe Mataloy made ct.
Acele yarn is popular this season
for spectator sports wear The loose
draped lines of the swagger length
jacket, the long bloused sleeves and
scarf collar, the six buttons in
front, and the simple, slightly fiared.
skirt are style points. The gown is
washable and is seen in pastel pink
and blue, or other soft sun-cloud
shades so popular this season.
Nogales international., 1933-01-18

February 1923 at the post
office at Nogales Arizona OF March 1879
Nogales international., 1933-01-18

REORE than $4,000 100000 in farm
A'~ mortgages are outstanding in
the United States and they consti-
tute an important problem in the
economic rehabilitation Of tn e
American farmer, Horace Bowker,
president CT The American Agricul-
Nogales international., 1933-01-18
TO RETURN TODAY

w. H. Grove and P. v. Mabry Of
the Public Utilities Consolidated
Corporation are expected back to-
day from Phoenix where they have
been since Saturday.
Nogales international., 1933-01-18

DARIs-Velvets and satins are
the leading fabrics for evening,
bright materials having the prefer
ence over the dull ones. The gown
at the left is by Mainbocher, mod
eled in plum colored rayon bright
velvet with novel bouffant sleeves,
simple but very striking. The gown
at the right is from Passy 1917 in
goffered rayon velvet with a very
bright finish. 1t is blueish white in
color and has g. big rhinestone bow
as a feature.
Nogales international., 1933-01-18

the banker the most dependable human factor TO-
day in the stability and worth of United States commerce.
industry, and finance.
"Yankee individual enterprise will continue Its pro-
in the future as the past only under free unit bank
ne and preservation of unfeered bankcredt system
is admitted that such system could ever be made en-
trey aght against the shock ofsevere business depres
sion but in our zeal correct defects in conduct OF
banking we must not be mised into doing that which
would work irreparabe injury to homeowned banks thus
making the future progress of local communities virtual
impossiblity.'
Mr. Zmmermans article was written as the other
side of the controversial question on branch banking
"Canadas Banks Stand Up by Robert j. c. Stead Canad
liam author appeared in the December Roarian magazine
Arizona's two senators and one representative at
ashngton are getting many letters from applicants tor
federal jobs and from friends of applicants that their
correspondence seriously embarrassing them AND an
cerne them little Or judge from reports from
Washington confidng that applicant well thought OF
at first lost all chances he had OF Landing the
lob he seeks swamping the delegation under flood OF
letters and endorsements It's well to be digent IN seek
ino employment be overdone (Dunbars EEK
Ily)
Nogales international., 1933-01-18

Benson Bids called on three
projects of construction work on
BenSon-Vail highway, extending
from Cienega wash bridge TO this
place.
Nogales international., 1933-01-18

t.~:.-1ll Chemical Company, asserted
il al :ntcryicw in New York City
&c. foreign debts, with interest.
.oLal a,-acthinS over $11,O0o,oG0,O0O.
3 that it i; readily apparent that
t-.o f1--..'.-li.lg clement in this c3untry
...-v-> u Indebtedness which closely
IS the amount Of war
Evening star., 1933-10-08
Corner Stone White House Laid l4 Years Ago Next FRIDAY
q C1uteeL

White House, continued in its occupancy. This,
because the building was fitted out largely with
the furniture he had used through the historic
eight years Of his administration. 1t was hand
some mahogany furniture, and had a rather
hectic story.
When our present Government was launched.
with New York City as our national capital.
the matter of providing proper home for
President Washington got into wrong hands
and was sorely delayed. At last. with WASH
ington about to arrive, Congress hastily acted.
Two distinguished members Mr.. Osgood and
Mr. Duer were assigned the task of preparing
a certain fine home on Cherry street and
furnishing 1t. :
Perhaps in desperation, these gentlemen
turned over much of the work to their wives.
And so Lady Kitty Duer and Mrs. Osgood en-
barked upon quite an orgy Of spending, scarcely
contemplated by Congress. At rate of 1000
a day. they furnished and furnished. The
house did honor to my aunt and Lady Kitty"
wrote Mrs Osgood's niece; they spared no
pains nor expense on 1.-THE best Of furniture
in every room"
The portion Of the furniture to play the most
conspicuous part in the White House was the
crimson furniture" mentioned by Mrs. Adams
as installed in the oval room
During Theodore Roosevelt's administration
the White House was restored to what it vas
planned to be by Washington" as the Pred-
dent said in his report to Congress. So at Last
there came, 103 years after Washington's death,
that more distant period" Of which he spoke,
when other hands would complete the Pred-
dents House.
Evening star., 1933-10-08
SKINNER Scoops Its Food

THE skinner, sometimes called the razor-hin
! or the shear-water, belongs to the gan
family, but, unlike the gull seldom forages for
its food alone. Instead the skimmers in hocks
rush over the surface Of the water, actually
plowing through the water with their peculi-
arly shaped bills, trapping any luckless nsh
which are on or just under the surface.
The lower part Of the bill IS much elongated,
the upper part being short and acting as ths
upper part Of q scissor to hold the fish which
may be scooped up
There are three types Of skinner, each Pc.
culiar to the continent on which it is found
The birds are native Of America, Africa and
Asia.
Evening star., 1933-10-08

in the early construction of the White House.
Riding with LEnfant one March day, he had
drawn rein on a wooded ridge commanding
superb view Of the Potomac He chose the spot
at once as the site of the presidents Palace,
as LEnfant called It, Dismounting, he directed
the Frenchman,s gaze to that charming view
all Presidents have loved Of the mtle-wide
tidal river.
One likes 10 think of our first President
standing ON that wooded ridge In his great
coat beside his horse, as full OF visions as the
impetuous Frenchman beside him. LEnfant
refers to this site in one OF his reports as the
ridge which attracted your attention at the
first inspection Of the ground on the west side
of the Tiber entrance"
But LEnfant the intractable faded out OF
the picture before he had more than driven
a post to mark where the center Of the north
front Of his presidents Palace" should be.
A FIER LEnfant's dismissal, the Commis-
n sioners offered q premium for an &C
ceptable plan for the Presidents house. James
Hoban, an architect from Dublin, Ireland, who
had settled tn Charlestown, s. c.. submitted
q plan which was awarded the premium on
July II, 1892.
But Nj. Hoban's plan was for a rather lesser
"palace" than L'Enfant had contemplated, and
there was some trouble in fitting 1t to the site.
The Commissioners wrote on August 3, 1872:
1.-THE President joined US yesterday, he has
viewed the ground particularly at the place Tor
the palace, it has given him considerable trouble
and difficulty to fix his mind. On the whole he
has concluded that the north front Of the
building should be brought up to the post
fixed by Mai. LEnfant for the center Of the
north front" Thus it would be most In view
to the diagonals' and east and west streets.
tho not 20 much from the Capitol as might
be wished'
Doubtless then it was with exceeding relief
that the architect and the Commissioners saw
the corner stone of the Presidents house &C
tually laid ON the 18th Of October following.
Only the central portion Of the building as
designed by Hoban was to be Immediately
erected. That would be sunicient at first. and
Washington would leave further building to
other hands. As he said, II was led to this
idea by considering that house which would
be very proper for President Of the u
s. for some years to come, might not be
considered as corresponding with other cir
cumstances at q more distant period" Such
later building has been done. But substan-
italy, that old Presidents Palace" forms the
central portion Of the White House Of today.
Washington made his last visit to his name
sake city and viewed" the public buildings on
the 9th Of November, 1799-a month before he
died.
Evening star., 1933-10-08
BY CmteM J.. Hutchins'

It Is remarkable that we should thus know
SO accurately just what he lived to see OF the
White House. It adds to our sentiment for that
mansion to know that he walked through all
its rooms, gazed through those south windows
upon the river view his eyes had caught when
he chose the SITE and that the wide doorways
framed the stately figure of our first President.
With his fortunate ability to vision the future
he would not see just that large naked ugly
looking building" as Benjamin Stoddert de-
scribed It, from which the scaffolding had been
struck down; nor merely the unkempt grounds
about it, with the old brick kilns, water pits,
rubbish and workmen's shanties. With the
partly executed Hoban plan before him, ne
may well have visioned much of the beauty
that is the White House Of today.
But Abigail Adams was surprised when, m
18O0 she arrived as the first mistress Of the
White House. She declared that If New Eng
land had had the making Of the National Cap
ital for the past IL years, it would have been
more nearly ready.
THE rapid erection Of such ediaces as the
] new House Once Building and the Depart
ment Of Commerce Building Is In interesting
contrast to the eight-year struggle to build the
central portion Of the White House.
"The river which runs up to Alexandra"
wrote Mrs. Adams to her daughter, "S in
full view Of my window, and see the vessels
as they pass and repass." And then some
sarcasm: '"The house Is upon grand ana
superb scale, requiring about 80 servants to at
tend and keep the apartments in proper order.
and perform the ordinary business Of the house
and stable; IN establishment very well pro-
portioned to the Presidents salary. The light
ing the apartments from the kitchen to parlors
and chambers is q tax indeed: and the fires we
are obliged to keep to secure us from daily
agues is another very cheering comfort. To
assist us in this great castle. and render less
attendance necessary, bells are wholly wanting
. surrounded with forests. can you believe
that wood is not to be had, because people can
not be found to cut and cart it," They had
'resorted to Goals; but we cannot get CRATES
made and set. We have, indeed, come into .
new country. =. The house is made habitable.
but there IS not single apartment finished !.
the great unfinished audience-room I make
drying room Of, to hang up the clothes In.
The principal stairs are not up. Six cham
bers are made comfortable two lower rooms,
one for a common parlor, and one for levee-
room. Upstairs there is the oval room. which
is designed for the drawing room, and has the
crimson furniture in it. It is a very handsome
room now: but, when completed, it Win be
beautiful"
In a sense, the touch Of George Washington.
that was 80 marked in the building Of the
Evening star., 1933-10-08
In q Steqa,

cooks life Is certainfuly full Of intee1o
Every day he has stirring times.
Evening star., 1933-10-08

uEXT Friday will be the anniversary
of the laying of the corner stone
n of the presidents Palace" 1t was
about noon on October 49, 1892 tnaS
the ceremony was performed In the
embryo National Capital on the
1,tor,ac That was 141 years ago, ana nV'ie
washington City made the most OF '!ie ev
the "three Commissioners unoer tns To-. 49,
dence law" were then Thomas Johnson 'c,.A ,,..
i,stice Of Maryland), David Stuart OF VIZ
o;nio and DANIEL Carroll of Upper MafiDofo'
H1d a relative of Charles Carroll OF Cafrol1on
and of Daniel Carroll of Duddington. Inc
"nroceedings of the Commissioners reco,u 'A,.s
IN october IS these three accompanied ns
a numerous collection OF FreemasonS' 49, =.
tects and of the inhabitants OF the Caty VI
SxyoShinoton and Georgetown went in process
sion and laid the first corner stone Oh ti'e
Presidents house"
The line of march led over rough ground
mast crude shelters for workmen ana suPpnee,
to the foundation Of what is no" tne Ce.."A
,,ortior of the White House. A colorfu pro.
cession-Colonial dress, Masonic regaha, nens
ctrikinp the drawn swords of the uiers' anu
+he ooId and silver vessels of consecratlon'
holding the emblematic corn, wine, and OH.
THE PROCESSION marched not to the northeast
corner of the building site, as would be
done todav. but honored the southeast corner
bv the ceremony as was then the custom.
Contrary to the usual statement made Tor
many wears Oncluding late publications IN the
- Ricentennial year, George washington oio no'
assist at this ceremony, nor was he within
five-day Journey of the Federal Capital"
One can always find out where George wash
ineton was at given times from his diaries
correspondence or from the newspapers OF those
days that faithfully noted his progress through
the country Washington wrote on Sunoay'
october 7, from Mount Vernon, that ne ex.
uected to "set out tomorrow for Philadelphia
Next, the Maryland Journal and Baltimore Ad.
vertiser records his arrival with his lady and
suite" in that city on Wednesday, October 10.
At IAN elegant supper" that evening he drank
toast, under q discharge of Capt. Stodders
artillery" to "the City of washington and Ter
ritory Of Columbia" And. finally, Philadel-
phia daily tells that "the President OF the
United States his lady and family arrived mere
on Saturday afternoon October 13) from
Mount Vernon.
Therefore, and incontrovertibly on that day
when the corner stone of the White House was
laid, the President was in the City Of Phila-
delphia.
But, except for this occasion of the actual
laying of the corner stone it was George WASH
ington who personally attended to every step
Evening star., 1933-10-08

EXT Friday will be the anniversary
of the laying of the corner stone
of the PRESIDENTS Palace" It was
about noon on October 13. 1872, that
the ceremony was performed IN the
embryo National Capital on the
Evening star., 1933-10-08

7sf:li1II- a.'tb.-it 7ioy -" *.'f'7l1 ;s'fpsF
etfs .rL3s e& 10 psi.t: 49, F7ct - saiasi
Evening star., 1933-10-08

tstIsstt - ....-f tissf ttt ftFfsst
ss,t.t &.'stsitt Sttirsasst4rssssz,.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1933-10-18

manic peoples would return to the
strife tomorrow. That Il clear on the
face Of things.
Meanwhile, 5000 miles from the
European scene, America prepares to
observe within the next month Z ma
tional holiday honoring those Of her
sons who died that the world might
be made safe for democracy"
As she does so she sees democracy
spat upon and trampled into the
dust. Present ambitions and the en-
mites OF a thousand years have made
Of 1t : rude Jest. Except in widely
scattered places on the globe 1t Is a
myth.
The German action brings a sharp
awakening and its significance should
not be overlooked by the American
people. More than q hint Of what
our course should be Is contained In
the developments OF these last few
days. It is fair warning that, much
as we would like to adopt the altru-
istic role, our cue is to check care
fully our own course. avoid any
further foreign entanglements.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1933-10-18
Save to Share

Wives who think they are econom-
ical will have an opportunity to gauge
their skill at cooking low-cost meals
soon when the Golden Rule Founda-
ton publishes its Golden Rule book.
In it will be contained all the cost
saving devices originated by thou
sands Of American women during
these recent years, both with regard
to cooking and other items of family
management.
The foundation recently awarded
prizes to the women who submitted
the best menus which were low in
cost and consistent with health. The
winner fed her family nutritious and
palatable food for seven and one.
half cents per plate or tll.s6 a week
for the average family of two adults
and three children.
The object Of the entire movement
Is to promote the "save-to-share''
idea, persons participating sending to
the Golden Rule Foundation a part
Of the amounts they save by follow.
ing these thrift suggestions. The
foundation, in turn, uses the money
for the support of orphan asylums
and other institutions which are hav-
Ing hard shedding.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1933-10-18
WHAT HAS. HAPPENED
so FAR.

Lovely Joan Hastings lives . Sc
cluded life with her two stern. old
aunts, Evvie and Babe Van Fleet,
in Sausalito, California. She falls
in love with Bill Martin, young
mechanic. Learning this, Aunt Ev-
vie sends Joan away to Pennsyl-
vania to school. Enroute, Joan
slips off the train and goes to Bills
home only to find that he left town
without leaving an address. She
did not know Bill had gone to see
her and Evvie upbraided him, say
ing if he loved Joan he would give
her up and not try to find her as he
had nothing to offer her. Joan set
ties in San Francisco unknown to
her aunts. She boards with good
natured Mrs. Maisie Kimmer and
works in department store. Bill.
in the meantime, is befriended by
Rollo Reyes, wealthy playboy.
Rollo's father, believing Bill may
have 4 good influence on his son,
gives him a position where he
learns surveying. He does not try
to get in touch with Joan % he
wants to be q success before he
goes to her. Bills mother returns
Joan's letters to her as she does not
know her sons address, but she
assures Joan he is all right - he
sends money regularly. Joan be-
lieves Bill no longer cares and IL
broken-hearted. Maisie tries in
vain to make her forget. Maisie'a
daugher, Francine de Guitry, gives
Joan 4 position modelling wedding
gowns in her exclusive Maison
Francine. She is an instant success.
NOW GO ON WITH
THE STORY.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1933-10-18
Water Them Now

In view OF the prolonged drouth
local horticultural experts suggest
that householders will save many
fine trees by watering them we'll be-
fore freezing weather sets in. A good
soaking now may mean fine tree in
the spring, whereas neglect may re-
suit In a dead trunk reaching toward
the sky as mute evidence of careless
ness.
The suggestion is good one and
must be acted upon quickly by Bis
marck residents if they would per-
form this task economically. The
lawn rate for city water expires Oct.
20, winter schedules becoming effec-
tive at that time. This gives but a
few days in which to soak trees and
lawns in preparation for winter.
In former years 1t was the custom
Of the city water department to cs-
tablisl1 winter rates at the end Of
September but the suggestion that it
be continued until a later date was
made by Tribune reader last year
because OF the drouth then prevail
ing, and the idea was promptly
adopted by the city commission.
Hence the Oct. 20 ending for sum-
mer water rates in 1893.
Even this extension may not be
long enough. in view Of the conditions
still prevailing. It might be more
conducive to good public policy to
wait until the freeze-up arrives or
the drouth Is broken, for q lawn
well-soaked now may not be in the
best of condition II present weather
conditions continue for mother
month, as they sometimes have been
known to do.
In the effort to save trees, shrubs
and lawns and preserve the beauty of
Dur city, the utmost Of cooperation
between officials and householders is
none too much.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1933-10-18

few months II it hadn't been In one
neutrality-suspicious.. The government
printing office here u the largest In
the world In the amount Of type set
and paper consumed.
But even u vast facilities have
been strained many times BY the IN
suitable demands Of the MIRA Tor
printed material.
Everybody knows that the q. p. o.
prints the Congressional Record. but
not everybody knows that It prints
six daiies, nine weeklies and 90
monthly publications for the various
government departments. And. OF
course, millions Of postcards.
On top Of this It has turned out
in Jig time overwhelming orders for
the NRA. Biggest was one for IT,
500. 900 copies Of the consumers state
ment OF cooperation with the MIRA.
eight million Of these were mailed
In one day, making quite . nice little
job for the postoffice. tool
The q. 2. Q. ran off 5000, 900 copies
of the presidents blanket code, and
10000 copies Of tollow-up litera-
ture. It printed and cut 2 little mat
ter Of 22,000, 900 consumer cards, and
30 .00o, 900 forms for the Agricultural
Adjustment Administration.
Public Printer George II. Carter
says this beats even the printing Of
the draft notices during the World
War. sets q new record for emergency
printing, and that no private plant
In the country would have had the
resources to turn out such colossal
Jobs in such 4 short time.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1933-10-18
BY WILLIS THORNTON
The Bismarck Tribune Washington
Correspondent

Washington, Oct. 1s.-The row
over removal Of Federal Trade Com
missioner william e. Humphrey is
important, but not because Of Hum
pl,rey.
It is important because the Federal
Trade Commission is going to take
on heavier and heavier duties In con-
nection with enforcement Of NRA
codes. This commission and the la
Dor, justice and commerce depart
nlents are going to become more vital
factors in making the codes work,
now that the more important Of them
have been adopted and complaints Of
evasions pile higher and higher.
Naturally, President Roosevelt
wants men on the trade commission
who see eye to eye with him on re-
covery and the MIRA. He has moth
ing aginst Humphrey personally. BY
the way, there's nothing to that talk
OF the Republicans making a party
issue Of this case.
The supreme court, now fortunately
In session, may have to decide the
question soon-whether the president
has the right, arbitrarily and with
out charging inefficiency, neglect, or
malfeasance, to remove a member of
q quasi judicial body like the trade
commission.
There are many such bodies in
Washington, and for every one occu-
pied by Republican dozen pairs
Of jealous Democratic eyes look over
the back Of the chair.