davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1933-02-11
misdemeanors against the Machado

misdemeanors against the Machado
regime.
That the New York news writer's
INSTALLATION of conditions in Cuba is
not one-sided foreign view finds some
verification in the resignation at Wash
ington Of Senor Orestes Garcia, Cuban
consul, who has been attached to the
Cuban embassy for five or six years. He
states that he can no longer serve under
"the illegitimate system of government
that Cuba has had to endure" and
Graves retirement from 1t until there
is secured complete restoration of its
liberty and democratic institutions"
Always to be remembered is that
under the Platt amendment, Americas
obligations toward Cuba are enduring
Applicable to conditions alleged now to
prevail is this clause of the amendment:
That the Cuban government consents
that the United States may exercise
the right to intervene for the preserva-
ton of Cuban independence and to
maintain a government capable of pro-
tecting life, property and individual
liberty.
Political disturbances in Cuba occa-
stoned Intervention by this country In
1905. It lasted until early in 1909.
period of roundly two and half years.
A repetition of American intervention
is not desirable, from either Cuba's
standpoint or that of the United States.
To leave no stone unturned to obviate
it is the manifest duty of President
Machado and others who control the
islands destiny. Senor Ferrara, lately
the accomplished Ambassador of the
republic to the United States and now
foreign secretary at Havana. is able
to supply ample testimony as to Amer
lean desires for stable and clean
handed government in the Pearl of the
Antilles.
Evening star., 1933-02-11
The Hearing Ear.
From the New York Times.


1t is ancient wisdom that the mind
Of man is less vividly stirred by what
finds entrance through the ears than
by what Is brought before the eyes
This Is a common experience. The
eyes believe themselves, the ears believe
others" Yet hearing does bring salts
factions to the mind which the eyes can
not offer. Walter Danrosch'S music
appreciation talks, with. their illustra-
tions, for example, are literally heard
half way round the earth. According
to report Of the National Broadcasting
Co., his audience in the schools alone
is estimated to be in excess OF seven
millions. The best of symphonic music
may be heard across the continent. Mr.
Damrosch has reason to know whereof
he speaks when he says, in his part OF
the report for the year, that music
appeals most directly to the heart OF
man.
The radio has given the spoken wore
new opportunity In the educationa
system. The voice from the outside
can never take the place Of the class
room teacher and book and picture
but it can aid the teacher and give
wider horizons to the taught. Especi'
ally is this true in the higher ranges Of
I6dCIlulS, W1leIG SLuQeIlIS are Jllc UCttCi
able to appreciate the authority of the
information that comes through the
channels of the air. President Hutchins
of the University Of Chicago, chairman
of the Committee on Education, while
calling attention to the difficulties ir
making adjustments to the needs OF
such widely varying groups, states from
the experience of the committee that
such school subjects as geography, his
tory, civics, current events, general
science, English, health, character, art
and music courses lend themselves "ad-
mirably" to broadcast presentation.
The numerator of educational value
Is still small for such stupendous de-
nominator of listeners outside of the
schools as well as inside. The oppor.
tunity challenges the educational au-
thorities and the broadcasting compa-
nies to prepare themselves to make
fuller use of the services of these
general teachers, who can speak each
in thousands Of schoolrooms at the
same moment. OF more significance
and Importance Is the fact that educa.
tion is being carried on into adult years
and even into old age. We have not
yet begun to avail of the instructiona
aid that the air is ready to give tt
those who have the hearing ear a.
well as the seeing eye, and even tt
those whose eyes have been dimmec
beyond seeing.
Evening star., 1933-02-11
New Jerseys Road Sign Problem.

New Jersey, with gruesome record
OF highway fatalities, Is now faced
with peculiar dilemma. 1t has fought
the roadside billboard as a factor in
the making of this record, on the
ground that the vision of drivers is
obscured and their attention Is diverted,
and has made considerable progress In
the reduction of this menace to safety
Now comes a gift OF five hundred signs,
contributed by the Outdoor Advertising
Association, each In striking design
proclaiming the need Of care in driving
and with gruesome illustrations setting
forth the dangers Of speed and mat
tention to the road. The commissioner
Of motor vehicles of the State is receiv-
ing food Of protests from organiza-
tions which for the past five years have
fought to discourage the use of the
highways for billboard advertising.
Their objection to the so-called safety
signs is that they are calculated to do
more harm than good, by distracting
the attention Of drivers by their text
and pictures and thus causing the very
mishaps which they are supposed to
prevent.
The hope is that these warning
signs will be removed, Notwithstanding
the ostensible purpose Of those who are
erecting them to make the roads safer
by admonition. There Is no need to
line the roads with warnings of the
dangers of speed and reckless driving
The perils are patent enough to even
the most thoughtless motorist. Those
who are addicted to rushing, perilous
Evening star., 1933-02-11

passing and corner cutting are not
going to be checked by road signs
Those whose attention Is attracted to
them will add to the risks of the road
The National Automobile Chamber of
Commerce has declared that billboards
Of any kind are q contributing cause
Of accidents by the distraction Of the
eyes Of those who drive.
Two of the forty-eight States have
legislated roadside signs to a distance
from the right Of way, Massachusetts
prescribing fifty feet clearance and
Connecticut fifteen feet. In the other
forty-six States the business signs are
permitted to crowd the highways, clam
oring loudest where the danger is great
est and often largely destroying the
effect Of official signs esected for
guidance and warning. If New Jersey
permits the erection of these five hun
dred so-called safety" signs, ground
will have been lost in the fight for road
security, to say nothing Of the preserva-
tion Of the landscape.
Evening star., 1933-02-11
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN.

A. 1t is from the Greek "a" priv
ative, denoting the opposite quality.
and "brotos, meaning mortal. Am
brosia was the food that was supposed
to make gods immortal.
Q. Are light and sound relatedp
j. McM.
A. The Bureau of Standards says
that light and sound are not funda-
mentally related. Light is produced by
the action on the retina of radiant
energy Of frequency from 400 to 75O
million vibrations per second Sound
is produced by the action of pressure
changes on the ear-drum of frequency
from 16 to 10000 vibrations per
second.
@. Does Vice President Curtis receive
salary Of $4,000 q year?-E. A.
A. That is the regular salary of the
Vice President, but at present his SAL
s12,750.
@ Please explain Fraser's idea in ex-
ecuting The End of the Trail."-C. D.
A. The sculptor says: 1T was the
idea of weaker races being steadily
pushed to the wall by stronger, that
wished to convey in my equestrian
SNos~Sp 1AS Gsil0 Va tAiC 4Aail'
O. Where is the worlds most famous
whirlpool?-C. S. C.
A. The most celebrated whirlpools in
the world are Charybdis. between Sicily
and Italya the maelstrom, of the coast
| Of Norway, and that at Niagara Falls.
Q. What are treaties of commerce.
and navigation?-C. H.
A. They are agreements between ma
tons relating to the privileges and i'm
munities which may be enjoyed by the
commerce and by the citizens or sub
jectS Of each party to the treaty. The
object OF such treaties is to procure
the greatest possible freedom from dis
elimination in the pursuit of trade and
the expansion Of industries and fer this
purpose such treaties are reciprocal in
| terms.
@. Which countries defaulted on
their debt payments to the United
States in December. 1932?-J. l.
A. Belgium, France, Hungary, Po-
land and Esthonia.
@. How many buildings Of more than
20 stories has New York City?-T. B.
A. There are about 500. There are
e3 buildings with 80 stories or more.
@. How many Of the planets were
known to ancient astronomers?-w. @.
| A. The following six were known to
the ancients: Mercury, Venus. the
Earth Though not then reckoned as a
planet, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn.
Uranus was discovered in 1871; Nep-
tune in 1S46 and Pluto in 1880.
@. What country is known as the
Laurentians?-P. F.
A. The term Is used to designate the
country bordering on the ST. Law
renee River.
@. Why were some soldiers given
blue discharges during the World
Warp. Moo.
A. Blue discharges were issued to
certain soldiers for various reasons,
namely: Surgeons certificate OF dis
ability, fraudulent enlistment by req
son of minority and release from
service through dependency. In
great many instances these blue dis
charges can be replaced with honor
able discharges.
@. When and where were diamonds
first discovered In Brazil?-F. N. F..
A. They were first found in the
northern hills Of Minas Geraes, in 1727.
near the town known as Tejuco. After
the establishment Of the diamond
| mining industry, the name Of the town
was changed to Diamantina.
Evening star., 1933-02-11

1t has been said that there is more
than one form Of whining.
Not all complaining (there are many
slang names for IT'D is so labeled.
Often they masquerade as sullenness
Here they are not so easily detected
by the average person, who tends to &C
| cept things at their face value, with
out looking too deeply for motives.
Yet since the early days of America
the sullen man has been a prominent
native.
There is no country town in the land
without its legend of some man. or il
may have been woman, who suddenly
stopped speaking
Maybe it Is the housewife who has
not spoken to her husband for 25 years
"She cooks his meals, and takes good
care OF him. but she amt spoke to him
for quarter Of century," so the tale
goes.
Maybe she is right, and maybe she Is
| wrong, but that does not alter the fact
that she is eminently sullen. withal.
Mostly, however, the sullen ones OF
this world are the men folk
There seems to be something about
the male temperament which fits it
for fits of depression and sulkiness as
we'll as for stratagems and spoils.
Once it posed as indigestion, but
since medical men have assured us that
indigestion, per Sc, really does not
exist, sulkineSs must stand on its own
feet.
Now there are entire tribes Of men
who suffer from chronic fits of de-
preston.
Sometimes it's the "blues," some
times it's meanness, and sometimes It's
just plain cussednesS.
Certain States of the Union specialize
on large, chunky men who seem to find
it necessary to assume personal
crouch against the universe.
They are moody, non-conversational
fellows.
Perhaps they are typical Of the peas
ant type the world around.
If what they see and hear stirs them
to thought, no observer would ever
know it.
Like some characters from Maeter-
lnck's plays. if they talk at all 1t is
in monosyllables.
Usually the range of their CONVEX
sational powers extends from the like
lihood of rain to the state Of the crops,
and back again.
Looks like RAIN" says one.
"Um," retorts the other.
Guess it'll rain"
Maybe"
Feels like it."
"Um.'
Five minutes Of silence, and then
Clouds coming up over there in the
west"
"Um"
Guess it'll rain before morning"
Maybe"
These men are victims of disposi-
tional depression which existed before
history began.
Something in their mental, and one
may well think their physical, makeup,
as well, keeps their tongues closely
tied
1t Is charitable to say that "still
waters run Deep" and give them credit
for depths of wisdom which closer OBJ
servation shows that they do not
possess.
Clearly at the bottom Of their char
acters is a certain physical uneasiness,
of some sort of other, which was
formerly Jumped of as 'phlegmatic. u
In the old days when mankind was
divided into "temperaments," the phleg-
matte person held a sphere all his
own.
No doubt the division was not scien-
Evening star., 1933-02-11
The Cuban Powder Barrel.

The New York Times has recently
made publication Of series of articles
by one OF its trained observers, Mr.. Rus
sell Porter, depicting political condi-
tions in Cuba. If the opening revela-
tons are typical Of what is yet to be
disclosed. a state Of affairs exists, the
outcome Of which can only be viewed
with disnay and alarm in the
United States. Once again the old
cry of Intervention by this country
Is raised, as the single recourse possible
to prevent the island from being
plunged into devastating anarchy, civil
war and economic ruin.
Rigid censorship and wholesale sup
preston Of all constitutional guarantees
have thus far succeeded, Mr.. Porter
asserts, in keeping the truth from ooz-
ing out Of Cuba. The nation and the
government there, he tells us, are held
fast in the grip of President Machado.
He is charged with the determi-
nation to perpetuate his dictatorship
by enforcing his own reelection in
1884, in violation Of law, or else naming
q successor who would in effect per-
petuate Machado's power.
Armed rebellion and all press and
parliamentary criticism of the Presi-
dents acts are stified, because well
disciplined and well-equipped army con-
tinues to swear him allegiance, do his
bidding and rule unchallenged. But
underground warfare" the New York
Times correspondent declares, is in in
cessant progress between Machado'.
minions and his foes, who are COM
PEELED to conduct their revolt by ter.
rorism, with bombings, murder anc
gangster methods as their favorit,
measures.
The prisons are described as packet
with political offenders held incom
municado. The University of Havani
and the high schools are closed ant
guarded by troops on account Of stu
dent agitation. Nearly every ship sail
Ing for Florida or Central Americ
carries refugees fleeing from ttreatene
aea1a or imprisonment for rebellion
Evening star., 1933-02-11

with equally drastic embergoes against
the American article.
$50
Manchukuo Fights
Opium Traffic Evils.
Manchurian Daily News, Dairen:
Now that the Manchukuo government
has launched control Of the opium
business, II 1t should fail, It would be
held up as fiagrant proof of impo-
tency. Success or failure of the new
enterprise will either uphold or dam
age the prestige Of Manchukuo.
From beginning to end, humanity
must be the constant guide. People not
yet tainted with the vicious habit must
be kept OF its fatal pollution. Again,
/ the unfortunate victims must be watch
ed and tactfully guided to the end Of
delivering them out Of the clutch Of
horrible to contemplate what must be
the consequence Of keeping an opium
monopoly system as source Of fat
revenue.
Apart from the igpominy of making
gambling and opium smoking a stand
ing source OF revenue Of the state, low,
class officials who have only defective
sense Of ethics, without a clear grasp
OF the seductive power of opium, might
nc Coc4Iy AL CQ W IC1dA OE1ulu CO1lIIOL
out Of the desire to increase the ma
tional revenue. which will necessarily
swell the number of addicts.
According, first Of all, q system 1T
ting in with the ideal and suited to the
peculiar conditions Of the country best
should be established, to be enforced
with all sincerity and q firm hand. It
would be too much to expect the goal
to be reached in 1915 years. Such
would turn out mere idle dream.
At least 40-50 years must be put In for
the purpose. The opium system may be
planned and maintained as a mon
opolistic one, but any idea OF looking
on the same system as source of easy
revenue must be positively discount
tenanced.
Next, let us reflect on the tobacco
monopoly business carried on by the
monopoly board at home.
Lately a special tobacco brand par
ticularly for women's use is said to
have been manufactured and offered
to sale. In Europe and America. smok-
ing Is said to be becoming more popular
among the gentle sex and especially
among young girls. Luckily, their
Japanese sisters are not so susceptible
to the wiles of this detestable habit.
Still, the offer of new brand Of
tobacco with an attractive label seems
III advised. Every one may know that
smoking by the minors is prohibited
by law In Japan.
Evening star., 1933-02-11
Japan's Dilemma.

From the Des Moines Tribune
Grover Clark, consultant on Far East
ern affairs, informed a luncheon group
in New York the other day that "one
certain factor in the situation Is that
the japanese military cannot stop ad-
vancing without being completely dis
credited in Japan-and they will go on
enlarging the sphere Of conflict until
they are smashed"
But this was no militarist urging
armed action by this country to hasten
the smashing. Far from it.
Mr.. Clark is an economic consultant,
and he was addressing a department Of
the American Bankers Association.
1t Is economic forces, not armies, that
will smash Japan's program.
And some people, even in Japan, are
beginning to suspect this truth, as Is
evidenced In the recent denunciation
by 2 cabinet member Of the country's
military policy.
Evening star., 1933-02-11
Crippling the Navy.

It would be difficult, to the point of
impossibility, to imagine more de-
plorable case of unjustified economy
than the effect of the Bratton five per
cent appropriations cut on the Navy
Secretary Adams does the Nation an in
estimable service, as his fruitful depart
mental career draws to close, in point
ing out, in terms and figures that lose
nothing in effectiveness because of their
dispassionate presentation, the serious
damage which would ensue from clip
ping 100000 from the Navy's $780,
100000 budget.
The country cannot be reminded too
often that retrenchment in govern
mental expenditure is urgent and in
eScapable. But Congress on its part
cannot be told too often that national
defense, in incalculable international
times like these, is the spot at which the
pruning knife should be applied with
the utmost care. Without indulging in
any semblance of alarmist argument,
Secretary Adams paints an arresting
picture Of what the Bratton proposal
would do to the United States fleet. It
would force the reduction Of ships in
commission to Sc per cent of British
vessels in commission and to Sc Of the
Japanese. 1t would add 1860 men to
the army of the unemployed. This loss
of trained personnel, ashore and afoat,
would be necessitated in the teeth Of
the fact that the Navy is already 10000
men short of the total required prop
erly to man ships In commission.
ITO make five per cent cut with
the least possible disaster" says Secre-
tary Adams in terse and significant
passage Of his letter to Senator Bing-
ham, "the Navy would be obliged to
keep the fleet on the West Coast; close
certain East Coast navy yards; slow
down the work on ships now building
and undermining at great loss Of time
and increase Of cost, and discharge
about $500 civilians, saving approx
mately $4,000 ,o00." The other half of
the proposed sl5,000,oo0 naval reduc-
ton would include restriction of Re-
serve activities; stop at once further
Regular Navy enlistments, and put out
Of active commission thirty-three ships,
including three battleships, two air
craft carriers, four heavy cruisers, two
light cruisers, thirteen destroyers and
six submarines. Finally, 1,15o Marines
would have to be demobilized.
Secretary Adams, who has a reputa-
ton for measured words, affirms that
the loss Of 10,150 enlisted men alone
would cripple our national defense for
years and seriously injure the morale
of the service" To any group Of men,
in or out of Congress, whose minds are
open to reason and are capable of
graSping the fundamentals of the coun-
try's vital needs, the Secretary Of the
Navy In this statement alone presents
an unanswerable case. Capitol Hill, in
its legitimate and necessitous quest for
economy, should realize that the Navy
just now, Is almost the last place to
practice it. A five per cent cut in fleet
expenditure is shown by Secretary
Adams to mean vastly more than the
mere $15,ooo,0oO it represents. It may
exactly measure the distance between
American safety and insecurity at sea
1t is q risk the country does not want
taken.
Evening star., 1933-02-11

| OF the vast number Of questions an
swered by this department, only few
can be published in this column. The
ones that are printed must be OF gen.
eral interest and not personal In their
nature. Do not, therefore, merely sign
| your initials to your letter and ask that
the answer be published. Give your
| full name and address, so that you may
receive a personal letter in reply. En-
close three cents in coin or stamps for
return postage. Do not use postcards.
Direct your letter to The Star Infor-
| nation Bureau. Frederic j. Hasktn, Di-
rector. Washington, D. c.
@. Who have been the winners Of
the Chicago Tribune annual trophies
awarded to the foot ball players in the
Western Conference Of greatest value
| to their teams?- T. T.
A. In 1924, Red Grange, Illinois;
| 1925, Tim Lowry, Northwestern; 1925,
, Benny Friedman, Michigan; 1927. Ken
Rouse. Chicago; 1928, Chuck Bennett,
Indiana; 1929. Willis Glasgow, Iowa;
1880, Wesley Fesler, Ohio State; 1881,
Clarence Mum, Minnesota; 1882, Harry
Newman, Michigan.
@. In Five Hundred, may a person
not holding a card above a l0-spot
demand a new deal?-G. L. S.
A. The laws of Five Hundred state:
"a player not holding an Ace or Court
Card cannot demand a new deal"
Q. Why does the eagle on the Presi-
dents dent flag face in the opposite diTeG-
and other insignia Of the United
States?-C. H. C.
A. The coat of arms Of the United
! States has the eagle facing to dexter.
that IS, to the Observers left. BY act
Of Congress Of June 20, 1872, the de-
| sign which Is used on the flag of the
President Of the United States is the
same design as that used on the Presi-
dents seal. Apparently this seal, which
came into existence during the admin
istration Of President Hayes, was exc
cuted with the eagle facing to sinister.
@. How should the name Of the
country over which King Carol rules be
spelled?-C. F.
A. The United States Geographic
Board has determined upon the spell
ing, "Rumanta," for use In this coun-
try.
@. How often should q baby be
weighed?-B. B.
/ kas LAC oAlOuA4 VIC WClbllCu every Week
until he is three months old, and after
that age, at least once a month. A
healthy normal baby gains from five
to eight ounces a week for the first
three months, and from four to six
ounces for the next three months. At
six months a baby has usually doubled
his weight.
Q. Are all pure white Persian cats
deaf?-A. E. D.
A. 1t is true that pure-bred all white
Persian cats are congenitally deaf.
Q. Who invented the names. Twee-
dledum and Tweedledee?-M S. p.
A. They were invented by John
Byron in the eighteenth century. He
thus satirized two quarreling schools of
musicians between which there was al
most no difference.
@. How much has the enforcement
of prohibition cost?-N. w. D.
A. The total cost of the enforcement
Of prohibition through December, 1882,
has been 1910, ,463.48. The amount
deposited in the u. S. Treasury Incl
dent to enforcement Of the national
prohibition act, such as fines and PEN
alties, taxes and sales of confiscated
cars has totaled $64, ,213.65 up until
December, 1882.
Q. Why was the food Of the gods
called ambrosia?-A. S.