davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Indianapolis times., 1933-10-11
A. S. ROWE ELECTED
BY STATE JEWELLERS
City Man Honored at Election of
Indiana Association.

Annual convention of the Indiana
Retail jewelers. Association in the
Severin closed yesterday with the
election of A. S. Rowe, local jeweler,
as president
Other officers are E. o. Little of
Auburn, vice-president; H. Elmer
Lodde of Lafayette, secretary, and
Gerry Mohlman OF Lafayette, former
president, treasurer.
Members of the executive COM
mittee are Earl F. Mcconnell, Oak
land City: Ralph Roessler, Marion; :;
Leo A. Simon. Vincennes; j. L.
Rowe, Frankfort, and w. H. Meller,
Princeton.
The Indianapolis times., 1933-10-11
Gone, but Not Forgotten

belong to- SN4s-
Harry Schultz ~ North Pershing avenue
Washington street N
Dodge coupe. 52-052. from barking lot in
500 block East Ohio street -
Eleanor N. Mcnamara. 4349' Washington
Meridian and Fourteenth streets.
T. D. Spahr. 1906 Tecumseh street. De.
soto sedan. 357l3 from in front Of 6is
Massachusetts avenue
The Indianapolis times., 1933-10-11
BUTLER STUDENTS TO
GET RADIO TRAINING
Broadcasting Course to Be Held by
Speech Department..

Training In radio broadcasting
will be afforded all students enrolled
in the speech department at Butler
university, according to Charles H.
Walters, instructor in charge of the
department.
Amplifying and recording equip
ment recently was purchased by the
university and will be installed un-
der the direction of Professor James
F. Price of the physics department.
The installation Of the radio
equipment is part of The three-year
speech correction campaign being
sponsored by the speech clinic of
the university, under the direction
of Mr.. Walters.
The Indianapolis times., 1933-10-11

Here is a scrambled photograph
of one Of the most popular juve-
nile players in motion pictures, a
child beloved by children and
grown-ups. See if you can put the
pieces together to form a complete
photograph of this young actor.
For the twenty-five readers Of
The Times who send in the neat
est completed picture, there will be
an award of two free tickets to see
this young actor in "The Bowery,"
which comes to Loew's Palace the
The Indianapolis times., 1933-10-11

ater, beginning Friday Cut out
the pieces and paste them to
sheet of paper so as to form a
complete photograph. Give the
name of the actor reresented, to-
gether with your own name and
address, and mail your completed
photograph to Scrambled Photo
Editor, The Times, Indianapolis.
To each of the twenty-five neat
est correct solutions, The Times
will mail two free tickets to Loew's
Palace, good for any time during
the engagement of THE Bowery."
The Indianapolis times., 1933-10-11

Sleep in comfort.-you can do 1t
for less expenditure by buying
this full size or single size mat
tresses for S6.49.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1933-09-07
MARSHALL HOME IS
SCENE OF DINNER

A number Of friends Of Mr..
and Mrs. j. A. Marshall gathered
4, their home in North Blue Ridge
for a picnic dinner on last Sum
day. Dinner was served at 1890
O'Clock and eight fried chickens
and a smptuous feed was enjoy
ed. A social afternoon was enjoy
ed after dinner.
Attending in addition to Mr..
anG Mrs. Marshall and daughter
Nina were DR.. and Mrs. Guy E.
Dixon and children, Mr.. and Mrs.
Burgan f. Hyder and daught1r
Meta, Mr.. and Mrs. Zollie Ward,
Mr.. and Mrs. Otis Taylor and son
Jimmie, Mr.. and Mrs. Grant Pace
and family, Elmer, Lucille, J. T.,
and Grant. Jr., Mrs. Guy Harvey,
Mr.. and Mrs. Joe Marshall and
children Willie and Marguerite,
Mr.. Newton Ward, Mr.. Ohio
Blythe and son Billie, Mr.. Ray
Stepp, Mr.. and Mrs. c. C. Mar.
shall and son Ivory, and Mr.. and
Mrs. L. G. Marshall.
USE THERWANT ADS.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1933-09-07

PATSY Pasculi of New York ana
Joe Rivers of Los Angeles. nc
did not display the sparkle thaI
was expected. However, he may
have had an off day.
Although Barney tioored fas-
Gull with a hard right to the Jaw
the New York boxer landed TOO
often. it seemed, on the cham
pion's face. Against Rivers he
did not display the flashing ettec-
tiveness expected from a light
weight champion.
However. Ross once or twice
displayed a pretty left jab, an ex-
celient one-two right to heart and
left hook to jaw. Like Canzoneri,
he depends much upon his left
nook.
Both boxers will go into New
York today to be examined by the
athletic commission physicians.
They expect to do their last box
ing Saturday or Sunday.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1933-09-07
TONY TOUTED
TO GET TITLE
Worlds Light Champion
Shows Well Prepping
to Meet Ross
By JACK CUDDY
United Press Staff Correspondent

POMPTON LAKES, N. j..
Sept. 7.-(UP).-On the basis of
their showings in workouts yes
terday, Tony Canzoneri, the bull
necked little Italian New Yorker,
should regain the worlds light
weight championship from Barney
Ross of Chicago when they meet
in l5-round bout at the New
York Polo Grounds, Tuesday
night.
Ross. 23-year-old Hebrew, took
the title from Tony on a 1O-round
decision at Chicago in June, but
Canzoneri has a yen for beating
chaps who gain the nod over him
in first bouts.
Kid Berg of England, and Billy
Petrolle beat Tony in their first
engagements but results were re-
versed in their next meetings.
Similarly AL Singer gained a
draw with him, but lost the next
time.
81 like to be called champ"
Tony explained after his workout
yesterday at DR.. Bier's health
farm, here. "Some of the boys
still call me it, but | know they
don't mean it, so Pm going to get
that title back-it should be COM
paratively easy"
The former champion showed
plenty of speed, diversity of style
and punching power in six fast
rounds with three sparring part
ners, Al Sanford, Lou lombard
and George Riley. He foored
Lombard with a sizzling left hook
to the jaw, one of his most effec-
tive punches.
Canzoneri will not admit that
he was out of condition when he
lost to Wesley Ramey a t Grand
Rapids. Mich. and then went on
to drop his title in the next bout,
to Ross. His handlers. however,
claim Tony took both those bouts
too easily. Such is not the case
this time. He's been training for
four weeks already, and he APP
pears in excellent shape.
Ross. on the other hand. was
not impressive when he went
through his PAGES at Lake Swan
nanoa. The less muscular but
taller Chicago champion
boxed four rounds, two each with
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1933-09-07
NATIONAL LEAGUE

NATIONAL LEAGUE
St. Louis 3-S. Philadelphia IL
Chicago 4, Boston ).
Pittsburgh 6-1. New York 5-9-
first game 10 innings.
Cincinnati 3-18, Brooklyn TO.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1933-09-07
Results
AMERICAN LEAGUE

Washington 5, Chicago l.
Boston 5. Detroit IL.
New York 3, st. Louis 2.
Philadelphia 5. Cleveland 4.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1933-09-07
DID YOU KNOW THAT

III -''" ~ AS4" NA-NNi'"
l. are leading the Southern
League because the team is
an ex-major league squad
there's Eddie Morgan. eX-
Clevelander; Knothe. eX.
Philly; Eddie Moore, eX.
Giant; Chick Autry, ex-In-
dian and White SoX; Fred
Johnson, eX-Giant: An dy
Messenger, ex-Card. and jim
my Moore, eX-Indian.
There are four of those Du'
SEX boys now in the mat
game Rudy, Ernie. Emil
and Joe with Rudy and
Ernie being the best known,
Dolly Stark, National
League umpire, coaches bas'
katball at Dartmouth during
the winter. Ray Blades
success in winning the Asso'
citation flag for the Colum'
bus Red Birds may get for
him a major league manag.
ing post next year. Earl
Averill may be in on that re.
Juvenation of the Yanks :.
the Indians and Rupert
have been discussing 4 deal
all year after the Earl
fell down in his home run
clouting in Cleveland big
pasture and Billy Evans,
his boss. says that Earl
would make the Yanks a fine
ballplaycc" which indi'
Gates the Indians are open
to monetary suggestions.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1933-09-07
Criminal Madmen
Attempt Break

MATTEAWAN, N. Y, Sept. 7.
(UP) -Four criminal madmen
who wanted to go home" at
tempted to shoot their way out o.
Matteawan hospital yesterday
with pistol loaded with blank
cartridges. One was killed, one
wounded, and the other two sub
dued after a tear gas lombard
ment that lasted four hours.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1933-09-07

PIEDMONT LEAGUE
Charlotte 3, Greensboro 10.
Durham 10. Winston-Salem u.
Richmond Wilmington, ram.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1933-09-07
GIANTS RETAIN
LEAD INTACT.
Scoring Spree Keeps Them
in Advance; Dodgers,
Cinci Split Bill

NEW YORK. Sept. 7.-(UP)'
A wild scoring spree in the open
inc inning Of the second game en-
sbied the New York Giants 10
boiJ TO their National league lead
of 6 I-2 games over the PlttSourgn
Pirates yesterday.
The Pirates won the first game
of the double-header, 6 to >, IN III
innings. and the Giants took the
second, 9 to l.
The winning run in the first
game came when relief pltch'r
RiU Swift singled to score Floyd
Vaughn. Both FitzsimmonS OF the
Giants and Swetonic of the p
rates were driven from the pitch
er's box, in the general hitting
which Melted the New Workers 10
safeties. and the Pirates 10.
The Giants began with a rush
in the first inning Of the second
game. Ralph Birkhofer. starting
pitcher for the Pirates. was drlV'
en- from the game when SIN H.
and a walk Melted five runs. The
Giants were never threatened Sc
riouslv after that. Young Hal
Schumacher scoring his nth VIC
tory of the season. He allowed
seven hits.
The Chicago Cubs increased
their lead over the fourth-pIace
Boston club bv beating the Braves
IA. Bud Timing pitched the en-
tire game and gave up but six hts
despite a ninth-inning furry when
netted the Braves their three runs.
The laundering Brooklyn and
Cincinnati clubs split a double
header. Brooklyn scored -four
runs in the seventh inning to WIN
the first game, 7-3, behind the
pitching of Van Mungo. The Reds
scored 10 runs in the sixth inning
of the second game which they
won Is to 8, after having scored
two in the first and six in the sec
ond. The Reds made p hits IN
this free-scoring nightcap. To-
gether the clubs made 10 doubles.
The St. Louis Cardinals defeat
ed the Philadelphia Phillies IN
both games of a double-header.
They took the first game 3 to l
behind Bill Hallahan's three-hit
pitching, and came from behind
in the second game to score four
runs in the final inning, and win
8 to 7.
Chuck Klein hit his 26th home
run in the first game, while Pep
per Martin contributed to the 9th
inning rally of the second game
with a home run.
Three of the four western
teams of the American league,
starting their final eastern inva-
sion. were beaten yesterday. De-
troit alone ESCAPED. the Tigers
finding Brown, Kline and Fuller
ton for IA hits while beating the
Boston Red SoX, II to s.
Chicago fell before the leading
Washington Senators. 3 to !.
Alex McCoI, 39-year-old rookie,
limited the White SoX 20 four hits.
Chicago used three pitchers. Mil
Ter. Faber and Wyatt.
The New York Yankees won
out in the ninth inning, defeating
the s.. Louis Browns, 3 to 2. Lou
Gehrig's double, followed by
pinch-hitter Sam Byrd's single,
scored the winning run. Ruffing,
for New York, and Hadley for the
Browns, each went the route. and
each was found for seven hits.
Lefty Grove scored his goth
victory of the season in the Phila-
delphia Athletics ga triumph
against Cleveland. Altho found
for Is hits. Grove always man
aged to pull out. The Indians
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1933-09-07
Calls It Off

ON the strength of his showing
~ he decided on an extended for
eign campaign, including the
French championships and the
Wimbledon tournament. After be-
ing beaten by BoussuS at Auteuii
he suddenly took the first beat
home. Reporters waited at the
pier.
Those stories that l came on
the boat wearing dress suit ana
without any baggage were the
bunk" he replied to questions
But as soon as l was beaten by
Boussus l knew my game was OF
and there was no use continuing.
Shields is intensely nervous with
q tendency to rush through i
match. The o~~wd watches him
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1933-09-07

with the same feeling Of suspense
that baseball fans suffer seeing
Babe Herman or Hack Wilson.
There is always the chance of sus'
tanned greatness. and the impress
sion he conveys is that he should
win and. by carrying on. some daY
will
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1933-09-07
"Big Boy" Shields

IN his tender youth, tall Francis
TX. Shields gave every promise OF
becoming Il national tennis cham
pion and Davis Cup savior. And
there was the expectation that he
would be a popular leader of the
racquet men. The galleries liked
him.
Now at Forest Hills, Shields at
% still holds his place high in the
public's fancy, but he is battling
to come back.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1933-09-07
Close to the Goal

IN 1880 he was the finalist in the
l. Nationals, only to lose to left
handed Johnny Doeg. Again In
1881 he was fnalist. and was win.
ming a set when he slipped and
fell, suffering a leg inquiry that
prevented his continuing.
This year he turned on the power
in the National Indoor and served
10 aces in a match with Frank
Bowden Of Columbia. His ire
mendous batting was one Of the
most remarkable exhibitions of its
kind ever witnessed. He was hailed
as the Babe Ruth of tennis.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1933-09-07

SOUTHERN ASSOCIATION
Nashville IA, Knoxville Al.
Memphis "A, Birmingham 10.
New OrleansLittle Rock, night
game.
Chattanooga-Atlanta, rain.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1933-09-07
TOday's Games
AMERICAN LEAGUE

ARMENIAN LGASSH
st. Louis at New York.
Detroit at Boston.
Cleveland at Philadelphia.
Chicago at Washington.
NATIONAL LEAGUE
New York at Pittsburgh.
Boston at Chicago.
Philadelphia at st. Louis.
Brooklyn at Cincinnati.
SOUTHERN ASSOCIATION
Birmingham at Memphis.
Chattanooga at Atlanta.
Knoxville at Nashville.
New Orleans at Little Rock.
PIEDMONT LEAGUE
Durham at Charlotte.
Greensboro at Richmond.
WinstOn-Salem at Wilmington.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1933-09-07

used four pitchers. Jim FoXN hit
his 4lst homer for the AS.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1933-10-10
FEDERATION OF
| LABOR TAKES UP
SCHOOL MATTERS
PLEDGES MADE FOR PRoTEc-
TON or SCHOOL oRGANI.
zATlONs AND INSTRUCTORS
IN ALL PARTICULARS

WASHINGTON, October To-
To prevent what it termed "pass.
ing of public free school" as = re.
suit Of budget balancing, the
American Federation Of Labor
convention today adopted a IL.
point educational program CALI
ing for utmost endeavor for pro.
lection Of education from kinder.
garten through university"
The program called for .struly
professional standards in class.
room, smaller classes taught bs
trained teachers. broader curricu.
lam, equitable wage for all in.
structors with security for tenure
and decent working conditions, IS
Establishment Of teachers unions
and other points.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1933-10-10
TENDER IVY TO
REPLACE BUOYS
POPPY TO LEAVE SHORTLY
FOR OPERATIONS IN
MIAMI WATERS

The lighthouse tender IVY +
taking on buoys and appendages at
the bureau dock preparatory To
making requirements Of these aids
u navigation 1t points in this dis
Itrict.
Tender Poppy 4 to leave within
= brief time for Miami to construct
= working platform preparatory 70
the erection Of = range light At the
main entrance to Miami harbor.
A. soon as the Ivy has complei-
ed the buoy work the vessel will
BE taken to Miami where piles viii
be driven and assistance given the
Poppy in the work OF eonstruetinw
the foundation for the range
light.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1933-10-10
OF
ESTABLISHMENT
MERCEDES HOSP
INSTITUTION OPENED TWEEN
TY-Two YEARS AGO; MARIA
GUTsEN ABLY DIRECTS AZ
FAIRS SINCE BEGINNING

just % years ago. on October
no, the celebration of the opening
of Mercedes hospital was held as
a part of the festivities planned
for the celebration Of "El Critic
| de Yara."
During that time the administra-
ton of affairs has been under the
direction of Maria Gutsen. That
her handling of all matters in con-
nection with the institution has
] been able and efficient is evil
denced by the testimony of pa
; tients treated there whose words
of praise have been freely offered
and on many occasions made pub
] lie through the columns Of The
Citizen.
Plans are now under way TO
paint the building. To do this Mrs.
Gntsen inaugurated a campaign to
secure the paint and so far it has
been very successful, SO Of the 20
gallons needed having been donat-
ed by the city public spirited firms
and individuals.
Many persons not in business
donated small sums Of money for
this laudable purpose and il is the
belief Of Mrs. Gutsen and her a..
sistants that paint and funds
necessary to do the work viii BE
eventually secured.
Those who have contributed and
their contributions are shown
herewith:
Paint City Of Key West. 90
gallons: Lumley and Roberts. one;
South Florida Contracting and
Engineering company. two;
Thompson. two: Gardner, one;
Lsdd. one: Trevor. one: Jefferson
3. Browne. two: J. vining Harris,
two. Tom Cato. one: B. L. Crooms.
two; Einhorn. 10 small cans: Kan
tor. one gallon: g. G. Roberts.
itwo gallons: Arsenic j. Betsn-
court. one; DIR. Fina. one: Dr.
fssIey. one: Pena. one; Dr. VIM. X.
Warren. one: Samuel Pierce. one
VIM Cnrry's Sons Co. two.
Cash contributions were made
by: Frank Lewinsky. 81; VIM.
MendeII. Soc: Isucignani. Soc: Dan
Navarro. 81: William Arnold. 81;
x. B. IngIe. 81; q. Aronoyitz. Sec:
hrs. Andrew PAGE. 81; Wing Ire,
iste. A. r Miller. 81: J. J. Lewis.
Isl. Raul Garria. SI.s0s J. Saw
yer. soc; Palace Theafer. soc.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1933-10-10
GIVES VIEWS ON
LEGISLATION in
BANKRUPT ISSUE
PROPOSED AID FOR MUNICH
PAL CASES is DISCUSSED
AT CONVENTION OF INsUR.
ANcE ORGANIZATION

CHICAGO, Oct. 10.-The pro-
posed legislation for municipal
bankruptcy was said today by Sol
Esarey, Indianapolis insurance ex-
ecutive. before the American Life
convention, to be of such q char
acter that the Eighteenth amend
ment is s'tame" by comparison.
ut is designed to enforce set
Element by majority rule re
CARELESS of contract and proposes
to accelerate all of the indebted.
ness of municipalities and make
all come due in the peak of denres-
sion when confessedly the finan-
cial condition Of municipalities is
at the lowest ebb and when they
are least able to pay" he said.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1933-10-10
SHIP GOES TO
HAVANA UNDER
HURRY ORDERS
ADvIcEs RECEIVED TO-DAY
ARE TO EFFECT REvoLu.
TIoNIsTs ARE BURNING
CHURCHES

Advices received today are 70
the effect that some Of the mnI-
contents in Cuba have started 10
burn churches and are committing
other depredations on the island.
Whether or not there is any con-
nsction between this news item
and the movements Of vessels from
Key West could not be learned,
but the Coast Guard Destroyer
Wilkes sailed for Cubs this after
noon under hurry orders.
The Coast Guard Destroyer
Wainwright returned yesterday
from patrol duty off the coast Of
Cubs. Other than these two
movements the service vessels in
port are the same as yesterday.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1933-10-10
CALIFORNIA AREA
NOW BOTHERED BY
STRIKE TROUBLES
TEN THOUSAND OPERATIVES
IN COTTON AND LETTUCE
REGIONS WALK OUT AS RE.
SUIT or DIFFERENCES

sr,-~FN-
SAN FRANCISCO, Oct. TO-
Presenting a situation which
Frank Macdonald, state labor
commissioner, described as dan
gerous' approximately 10000
workers are reported on strike in
California cotton and lettuce re-
gions today.
The lettuce trouble. which start
ed with a walkout of 1000 trim
mers and packers in the Salinas
district yesterday, spread to Wat
sonville where a similar strike of
500 workers was called for this
afternoon.
In the cotton belt of the south
ern San Joaquin valley, authorities
estimated more than 1000 pickers
were out.
Strikers and their families.
evicted from ranch cabins, are
camped along the highways, and
authorities estimated that one
camp had . population Of 5000
iaeluding 500 children. This pre-
scented problem to health Off
ciaIE.
Both cotton and lettuce strikers
are asking for more pay.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1933-10-10

Cook Aboard Schooner
Washed Overheard By
Huge Wave; Steamer
Founders In Blow

HALIFAX, Oct. 1.-THE
fate Of two score seamen re-
manned uncertain today as
marine officials attempted to
learn the toll of the storm
which whirled up the Allan
tic seaboard over the week
end and blew itself out north
of Newfoundland.
Ships were asked to keep
a sharp lookout for 81 men
Of the Greek steamer Annuo-
Ia, believed to have founder
ed Saturday about 600 miles
east Of Cape Lookout, North
OHhViiid.
The N ewfousndland
schooner Telic put into Var
mouth with its flag at half
mast after the cook on the
ship was washed overheard
by 9 huge wave.
The Doring, long overdue
from the Bahamas, i believ-
e ~ owners TO be lost with
. crew Of 10.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1933-10-10
Henry Perez In Critical
Condition Following Auto
Smash Out On Boulevard

Henry Perez, 81 years old, is
in a critical condition at 2 local
hospital as asresult of an antomo-
bile accident which happened
shortly after midnight this morn
ing.
The young manshas not regained
consciousness since the accident
and it is too early after she in
juries were received to giYe any
estimate of his condition.
Perez. his brother Julio, Frank
Caraballo driving the car and q
chief petty officer from one OF
the boats in the harbor were
out riding on the boulevard.
They reached spot between the
Club Miramar and the Second
Martelio Tower when, It is said
by Caraballo, the left front tire
blew out and the car was catapult-
ed against q pile of rocks and
turned completely over.
Charles Mackey, an employee of
the Florida Keys Bus Lines, was
the first to reach the scene OF
the accident. He managed to
.extricate the injured men and
brought them to the city.
Henry Perez was taken to the
hospital. Caraballo was taken to
his home with an injured leg and
q deep cut on the head also. with
possible internal injuries. Julio
was taken to his home on White
head street with severe injuries
about the body and head and the
petty officer was taken to his
ship. it is said.
Caraballo was later arrested and
placed in the county jail pending
an investigation. At the jail he
appeared to be suffering from in
ternaI commissions, indicated by
spasmodic jerkings of the chest
muscles and abdominal region, and
was returned to his home. on ST.
monitor street.
Sheriff Karl Thompson visited
the scene Of the accident early
this morning. Later he told The
Citizen the automobile was COM
plete wreck and was fully % feet
beyond the pile of rocks it had
struck.
The sheriff has been trying to
learn the name of the petty off
Ger who was in the smash-up. and
also the ship TO which he belongs.
but so far has been unable to do
SO.
He made inquiries at the Ma
rine hospital but was told no petty
officer had been brought there
with injuries for treatment The
Citizen eskeds and was given the
same information. II. Is believed
he wekt aboerd his ship and does
not wish any publicity given to
the matter.