davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1933-01-08

military commitments on the continent
of Europe, though they will, of course,
carry out all their promises in this re-
spect. And there can be no ground for
declining to encourage universal sys-
tenn of conciliatien and arbitration for
all disputes. as France desires. More
over the position has been greatly eased
by the recent American declaration.
Hereafter" said Mr.. Stimson, when
two nations engage in armed conflict,
one or both of them must be wrong
doers-violators of this general treaty
law. We no longer draw circle about
them with the punctiliousneSS of the
duelists' code. Instead we denounce
them as laW-breakerS ConSulta-
ton between the signatories Of the
Briand-Kellogg pact, when faced with
the threat of its violation, becomes in
evitable. believe that this view
of the pact will become one of the great
permanent policies of our nation"
Both Endorsed Policy.
The Democratic as well as the Re-
publican party indorsed this policy dur
ing the presidential election campaign.
That declaration may be the be-
ginning of new era. The definite ac-
ceptance Of such an obligation by all
civilized nations transforms the situa-
ton No longer need there be any
fear that actions of international po-
lice may be nullified by a refusal of
some great nation to recognize their
Justice. 1t is far better than the pro-
posal for the creation of specially
armed contingents. I cannot believe
that scheme to be practicable; and were
it realized, it would give rise to con-
slant mistrust. jealousy and intrigue
concerning the use of these forces and
Evening star., 1933-01-08

| rough and ready limit for Germany's
capital Ship that bombing airplanes
are a quick and effective means Of
coercing border tribes; that the tank
despite its inconvesient title, char
d'assaut-is in reality a purely de-
fensive implement, and that the sub
marine is only an inexpensive form Of
coastal defense. But is any one really
deceived by such arguments unless he
wants to be?
The fact remains that all military
aircraft, all ships over the 10,000-ton
! limit, all heavy land artillery over AZ
inches caliber, all tanks and all sub
marines, as well as poison gas, were
and are forbidden to Germany. If We
really want disarmament; if we really
have "renounced war as an instru-
ment of national policy"-a promise
solemnly renewed in the five-power
agreement-and if in these circum-
stances we are faced with the alterna-
tive of inviting Germany to purchase
those weapons or to give them all up
ourselves, there can be no possible
doubt that we should take the latter
course.
If. in these ways, some rightful salts
faction can be given to the German
claim for equality-and given so as to
help disarmament-the negotiators at
Geneva still have to face the security
claims of France and her allies. Gov
ernments come and governments go in
France, but the claims remain much
the same And in principle are they
not just claims? How can reliance upon
national ornaments disappear unless in
a world in which the military power of
all nations is at the service of the
whole international society? My coun-
try is very much aVerSe to further
Evening star., 1933-01-08
Crooks Make Fortunes
Fixing Whippet Races

LONDON-In attributing 100000
embeZzlement cases in the course of a
year in Great Britain to gambling,
Canon Peter Green of Manchester, a
famous crusader against all forms of
gambling in this country, says that
since the advent of the dog tracks
bookmakers have been handling at
least S2,000,000.000 yearly and have re-
tanned more than 10 per cent of it.
Referring to swindling practices of
which the people ought to be aware,
Canon Green says there have been oc-
casionS when greyhoundS have been
given hot milk and tripe before a race
to take 10 per cent off their speed. In
some instances, he says. black silk
thread has been used to tie two claws
together to slow up the whippetS.
While strict supervision is exercised
on licensed tracks, it has been found
by investigators that crook gangs have
tried to tamper with the hounds on a
number of unlicensed ones. The
swindlers have found that a piece of
sponge cake soaked in ginger beer
tempting morsel for the hounds-iS a
certain speed reducer.
(Copyright, 1922
Evening star., 1933-01-08
Hoarding of Pennies
Brings French Shortage

PARASITIC Paris mint has been
striking 50-centime pieces at the rate
OF 100000 year since 1926, but is
unable to keep up with the demand.
The coins. which are of aluminium
bronze about the size of dime and are
worth cents in American money. seem
to disappear from circulation as fast as
they are minted.
Investigation has revealed that a new
form of boarding has sprung up
throughout France. In preWar days gold
pieces used to be tucked away in a
woolen sock on the top shelf of the
wardrobe. Today peasants and city
oWellerS alike are slipping their So
centime pieces into wine bottles.
A quart bottle will hold several thou
sand Of the coins and filling it is a
long job. Most of the hoarders prom
ise themselves and their families not to
stop saving until the bottle is full. It
is estimated that 100, 900 savings bottles
are in use throughout the country. con-
tanning at least 100,000,0O0 francs in 2
cent pieces.
Until this year the coins. though
struck at the mint. were issued under
the guarantee of the Chamber of Com
merce of France. Treasury coinage be-
gan few months ago. It is now sug-
gested that the old Chamber of Com
merce pieces be called in shortly, oblig-
ing hoarderS to disgorge them.
Copyright. 1897
Evening star., 1933-01-08
Woman Mayors Worry British Towns
With Problem of Official RegaIia

LONDON.-With the recent election
of woman mayors in 16 of the 355
towns in England and Wales, which are
entitled to one of these dignitarieS, sew
era1 communities are confronted with
the problem of buying impressive re-
gala for their feminine chief execu-
tives.
While it is considered essential that
mayor should be equipped with a
chain and cooked hat and robes of
office in keeping with the dignity of
his position, in many cases the regalia
handed down from mayor to mayor was
made for men.
Some towns consider the outlay on
new flnery unjustif1able, particularly as
it may be years before they have
another woman mayor. In fact, in
several of the poorer communities it
has long been mayoral grievance that
the permanent robes are disreputable
and the chains of office have a second
hand appearance. There have been
occasions when the woman mayors have
bought their own robes of office to
maintain the dignity of their positions.
When a woman is elected to the chief
civic Office she is still called mayor and
not mayoress. The latter title belongs
TO the wife of mayor. or to any
woman he chooses to act as hostess
for him, and even lady mayor ap-
points some one else, often her daugh-
ter or sister, as mayoress. OF the new
woman mayors Ia are married and 4
unmarried.
The entrance into Office of some
mayors in this country is the occasion
for using quaint ceremonial of great
antiquity. In Hanley the retiring mayor
greetS his successor with a kiss, while
Grantham's chief magistrate is stripped
OF his robes and the town clerk taps
him on the head with mallet at the
expiration OF his year of Office.
In High Wycombe the new mayor
Evening star., 1933-01-08
Search for Site of Ancient Troy
Assailed by French Archeologisl

PARIS.-Criticism against the Amer
lean archaeological mission headed by
Prof William T. Semple of the Uni
Versity of Cincinnati, which has been
exploring the alleged site of ancient
Troy, is delivered in the Mercure de
France by French archeologist M
Charles Vellay.
The main point Of M. Vellay's rea-
soning is that the Semple expedition
has adopted as a demonstrated fact the
Schliemann hypothesis that Hissarlik,
on the Asiatic SIDE Of the entrance to
the DardanelleS, is the site Of Troy. He
points out that in the American Journal
of Archaeology. reporting the first sea-
sons work Of the mission, Hissarlik is
constantly referred to as Troy, and that,
furthermore. while Prof. Scmple is the
nominal head of the expedition. the
real chief is the German archeologist
Wilhelm Doerpfeld," who is the sue
cessor of Schliemann and is devoting
his efforts to proving that the Schie-
mann hypothesis is correct.
Theory Questioned.
In recent years. however, the Schne-
mann theory seriously has been CUES
toned, and, indeed, many archeologists
have come TO the definite conclusion
lnat HiSSarltk cannot possibly be the
site Of Troy. Even during Schliemann S
lifetime. NJ. Vellay points out, his
theory was challenged. Since then the
qualifications of his successor, Herr
Doerpfeld, have been questioned by
archeologists and philologists.
They speak," says NJ. Vellay, "of
the 'Homeric city of Hissarlik as a
demonstrated fact, making us think
that they have never read the Had
which from one end to the other is ar
overwhelming testimony against Troy
HiSsarlik."
NJ. Vellay points out that Schliemanr
himself rejected the claims Of the acrop-
Oils OF Bali-Dagh, which for Ions
time had been considered the site o
Troy, because Bali-Dagh was only 65,
600 square yards in extent, and there
fore much too small for Homer's Troy
Subsequently, however, he found NJ
Evening star., 1933-01-08

difficulty in squeezing the same Ho-
meric Troy into the 5000 square Yards
OF tiny Hissarlik.
Declared Poetic Fancy.
"Priam's vast palace, with it's GO
rooms, It's court yards, warehouses and
stables" says M. Vellay, for which
Schliemann said the whole plateau of
Bah-Dagh would not suffice, was sub
sequently identified by the same Schlie-
mann at Hissarlik, with a shack 25
feet long and Is feet wide. And as he
could not find Homers citadel of Per
gamos at Hissarlik. he simply decided
that It was nothing but a poetic fancy
And, finally, since the course of the
Scamander did not tally with Honer's
description, Schliemann solved the
problem by surmising that the river had
changed its course since Homers time >
The American mission, having started
by taking a seriously questioned hypo-
thesis as a demonstrated fact. cannot
possibly accomplish anything of scien-
tific value, M. Vellay concludes. It's
only consequence will be, so far as it i,
able, to comfort aged acheologists who
are reluctant to abandon the Schlie-
mann theory. M. Vellay regrets thai
the American mission did not under.
take methodical exploration of Other
parts OF the So-called Trojan plain.
(CopyriR{t 1g331
Evening star., 1933-01-08
Italian Boxer OutdOes
Tunney by Writing Play

ROME. Italy-The influence on life
and letters of Eugene Tunney, former
world heavyweight boxing champion.
became apparent recently in Milan
where the former Italian heavyweight
champion, Errninio Spalla, who was
outpointed by TUmney earlier in the Ma
rine's career as a fighter, produced
nothing less than a complete play.
Spalla thereby outdoes Tunney, whose
fame as a man of letters rests exclu-
sively on his acquaintance with Thorn
ton Wilder, his lecture on Shakespeare
to Yale University class and his au-
photography, "a Man Must Fight"
Spalla's play is comedy about box
ers and prize fights. In one scene the
stage is set for fight, but one of the
boxers fails to appear, so member of
the audience volunteers to take his
place, and does so. The play was pre-
sented In q popular theater, which was
hmmed with an enthusiastic audi
ence. After every act the spectators
applauded violently and called the
blushing author to the stage to take a
series Of bows.
Atcopyright. 1888,
Evening star., 1933-01-08
BY BRUCE BARTON

~ URING the political hulabaoo ran across little
| | item in the back part of the newspaper
~ 1t reported a meeting of the American College of
Surgeons and said these distinguished gentlemen had
that great progress being made in the fight against
cancer that 'cancer is durable"
Enthused by this, I thereupon began policy to
which shall adhere during all future campaigns started
reading my newspaper from the back.
Avoiding the shouting and the tumult one,
cleaned this important information from between the ad
vertiSementS:
Item Dr. Rollo Dyer from vrulent attack of
yphuS fever transmitted by hea and contracted voun
arily as a part his experimental work in the National
Institute Of Health.
Item A radically new searchght to combat aircraft is
demonstrated Fort Totten N Y every that makes
the instruments of less effective is step toward the
abolition Of war;
Item: Dr. Albert Ensten is appointed professor of
mathematical and theoretical physics for LIE at the Institute
OF Advanced Study at princeton
Item The Nobel Prize in medicine is awarded jointly
Sir Charles Scott Sherrngton of oxford
Douglas Adrian Cambridge their
Item has been found that germs often enter through
Vamns in the form of teaSpoonfu of cod liver
oil daily found to reduce the number OF colds IN group
Of men and women
Item: A variety of dandeion from whose milk rubber
can be extracted discovered in the Crimea.
Item: DR. Alfred Adler begins fiveyear appointment
teaching psychology at the Long Island College of
Medicine
These are only part budget of facts collected
campaign / them down a encouragement
to nv readers Do let yourself be hot bothered
Under the violent surface of affairs the work of progress
goes forward.
merely the historian of the future will record
In 1882 an obscure scientist his laboratory
covery of profound Importance to the happiness
Evening star., 1933-01-08

and other civic worthless are weighed
at the Borough Department of Weights
and Measures, and their aVoidupois is
noted down in the civic records.
The Mayor Of Lincoln has a gold ring
placed on his finger after his election.
and Cheltenham's chief factotum is
given a gold-mounted cane. At the
tiny Essex fishing port of Brightlingsea
which is pronounced "Brittlesea" by
the locals-the new mayor has to climb
the church tower to be inaugurated into
office. This is a severe ordeal for the
honored citizen of FalStaffian girth.
In addition to the many smaller fry
there are II lord mayors, chief of whom
is the Lord Mayor of London. The
metropolis has possessed one of these
functionarieS since 1889, though it was
not until late in the 14th century that
he was called lord mayor. The present
holder of the Office, Sir Percy Green
away, is the 742d since that time.
tCopyright 1922
Evening star., 1933-01-08

their formidable weapons. An inter-
national air force, organized as a single
body, is the only suggestion for arming
the international community which is
likely to become practical politics-and
that only if national air forces disap-
pear.
But behind the problem of interna-
tional sanctions lies the far more vital
question: rs there unity of purpose in
the Council to whom an international
force will owe obedience?" So long as
Japan, herself a permanent member of
the Council, is allowed to tear up the
covenant of the league with impunity,
it is pitiful waste of breath to speak
OF the Council of the League policing
the world.
Evening star., 1933-01-08
Cost of Living Drops
I'm Hawaiian Islands

HONOLULU, Hawaii.-Hawaii's cost
of living has dropped about 1872 per
cent on the whole, during the last five
years and many commodities show
much larger reductions in price. ac-,
cording to local survey recently COM
pleted. Foodstuffs in many cases have
dropped from 26 to 38 per cent.
Hawaii has not suffered the extreme
depression OF most mainland commu-
mites and so its wage and salary level
has shown less reduction than that of
the average community in the Conti-
mental United States. Most living essen
tials have dropped more rapidly than
the wage and salary index figure.
(Copyright. 1a33N n.
Evening star., 1933-01-08
so London Telephone
Girls Wed Each Month

LONDON-At the present rate of
marriage among London'S hello" girls
Cupid appears to be spending lot Of
time around the switchboard. On an
average so Of the metropolitan oper-
ators resign each month to get mar
rled, This is proof, according to heads
OF the telephone service, that the op-
orators rank high in graciousness, good
temper brains and efficiency.
IL Is even suggested that a pleasant
voice may have something to do with
Evening star., 1933-01-08

the maintenance of the marriage rate
at such high average when hard times
have crippled the efforts of Cupid in
so many other quarters. Incidentally.
of course, the hello" girls, who are
government employees, receive dot"
or dowry on retirement. The amount
depends on length of service and varies
from $500 to $500 No operators are
employed who are less than 5 feet in
height.
(Copyright, 1882
Evening star., 1933-01-08
BY FRANK II. SINIoNDS.

Y UMILIATING and Illuminating
IL as is the paralysis in our gov
ernmental machinery. which
4 4 has been disclosed anew by the
The daily worker., 1933-08-11

THE language OF Lewis about the
cooperation Of labor and capital,
to hide the role of the state, is used
by the most vicious enemy Of the
miners, Andrew Mellon, owner Of the
Pittsburgh Coal Co., and its sub
sidiaries.
In 1881, Mellon said:
Both labor and capital are begin
ming to realize their common in
terests Labor as well as capital
must think in constant terms and
must act in harmony with and not
in antagonism to those great eco
nomic laws which work so inexor-
ably whether we like them or not"
Lewis, Green and the coal opera
tors use the same ideas about unity
Of interests, guarded by the state
power, to drive the miners back to
work.
No matter how hard the A. F. Of L..
leaders try to mask the role Of the
capitalist government, we see in
practice that it acts in the interests
Of the capitalists against the
workers. 1t uses every means,
promises, lies, arbitration, codes, but
behind it "a stands the powerful
arm OF the courts, police and army.
Many years ago, IN 1848, Karl
Marx accurately described the capi-
The daily worker., 1933-08-11
ARMY FIRES ON
L00TING NAMS
Special Prison Camp
for Rebel Fascists

BERLIN, Aug. 10.-NaZi Storm
Troopers and a detachment of Reich
swehr troops had a pitched battle
in Nuremberg, in which five Nazis
were wounded, two of whom are not
expected to recover.
The Storm Troopers in Nuremberg
and Furth, who had been looting
Jewish shops as an extension of the
boycott" went on to plunder nom
Jewish shops, and the Reichswehr
commandant obtained permiss n
from General Won Epp, governor Of
Bavaria, to send his troops against
them.
The press and the news broadcast
ing station were forbidden to mention
the incident.
A new concentration camp has been
opened at Worpswede, exclusively for
Storm Troop mutineers. 1t Is filled
with Storm Troopers from Hamburg,
Berlin, and Thuringia. The majority
of the members of Berlin Troop 50,
Charlottenburg, and Of Troop IT,
Coepenick, have been arrested and
taken to concentration camps.
These arrests are the result OF the
publication abroad of the details Of
many murders committed by these
troops.
The daily worker., 1933-08-11

the proletarlan districts, 1t Will be
necessary to make use of arms en-
ergetically and inexorably, and not
only this, but to resort to even more
far-reaching measures.
These additional measures are to
include cutting off u gas, electricity,
and water from thS workers quarters
of cities. The municipal authorities
are instructed to begin at once to
make technical preparations to carry
these measures out at short notice.
They are ordered to make arrange
ments so that all Nazi functionaries
living in these districts can be warned
in time so they can move out.
MUNICH, Aug. 10-Police arrested
68 persons here today, in a search Of
els. The police announced they had
seized a secret printing press and
quantity of arms.
TRIER, Germany, Aug. 10.-F,ive
German Communists were arrested
here, charged with communicating
with Communists across the border
Four residents of the Saar District
were also arrested, charged with fir
ing at a guard who attempted to stop
them from crossing the border into
France.
ESSEN, Aug. 10-Two squads Of
Storm Troopers, making a night raid,
met and fired at each other in the
dark, by mistake. One Brown Shirt
was killed, another seriously wounded.
Joseph Baurenstein, arrested by
Brown Shirts for distributing leaflets,
was reported to have committed sui
eide by strangulation" soon after his
arrest.
The daily worker., 1933-08-11

that the Roosevelt regime was an
impartial force, standing between
the coal operators and the miners
With this fiction, by thus masking
the real nature of the government,
the A. F.. of L., and the UNIV "A.
leaders were able to stab the strike
in the back.
What is the real function of the
capitalist state power? For instance,
William Green, writing in the Of
fetal organ of the A. F. of L., the
American Federationist" in its
August issue, says:
Labor, capital and the govern
ment must maintain the spirit of
cooperation, If we work together
for mutual benefit, lifting our re-
lations from savage contest for
advantage to an effort to make and
share progress"
1t is with such ideas that Roose-
welt, and all the exploiters try to get
the workers from continuing their
struggles when the capitalist state
steps in. They try to get the work.
ers to think that they are not fight
ing against their enemies, the ex-
ploiters, but against an impartial
force. In reality, the state is the
most powerful weapon Of these very
exploitey
The daily worker., 1933-08-11
S PA r K S

THE government agents sent out by
L Roosevelt to destroy part of the
cotton crop are meeting with what
they call "an unexpected difficulty" T"
The mules, who have been trained
all their lives to carefully avoid STEP
ping on the cotton patches, refuse to
trample down the cotton as the gov
ernment inspectors try to make them.
The poor dumb beasts are damned
sight more intelligent and social
minded than the Roosevelt govern
ment and its swarm of destroying in
spectors.
And these Southern mules show
more sense than the famous brain
trust" which is insane enough to
think that they can overcome the
crisis by destroying cotton.
They used to sing sway down South
in the land of cotton" They'll have
to change it to "the land of cotton
destruction"
A THOUSAND civilian worke S
n marched against the NRA wage
cut in the Newport Navy Yards.
Don't apply the codes to us" they
shouted.
And the reason came quick-"We've
had our wage cut already"
AND if you want to know what the
n workers think of the mighty NRA
administrator, Phew! Johnson, lust
run your eyes over the following let
ter from Comrade z. He writes to
your column as follows:
"The sparrows have been in a ter
rible plight Of late. These gay birds
who used to follow the horses around,
have found it rather tough these
days, what with the scarcity of
horses. But now their situation has
been much improved. They have
found new proyider.
They are hanging on to every word
that comes out of Gen. Johnson's S
mouth"
And, observes the same witty con-
tributor, during the initiation period
in Germany the only kind of marks
that went up was Karl Marx.
AND he might have observed that
II when the Nazis lit their bonfire
of forbidden books, the sky was all
lit up with a flaming red.
THEY have named the latest dance
L after the Roosevelt codes, MIRA.
There must be plenty of wiggles to
it. Shifty and tricky as rattlesnake
And plenty of speed-up.
And probably the only music you
need to dance to it is the steady
sound of wage cuts.
DOOSEVELT has just proclaimed g
IL peace pact between capital anc
labor"
BY that he means that Capital car
go ahead and cut another piece out
! of labor.