davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1933-07-07
The National Park Service.

A separation from the public serv-
ice" has just been announced that falls
into a different category from most OF
those that have lately been effected.
horace M. Albright has resigned the
position of director of the National
Park Service to enter a business en-
ployment, after twenty-one years OF
active duty with the parks. He could
have remained at that post had he so
desired. but an opportunity for an ad-
vantageous change Of occupation was
presented and he accepted 1t, upon
which he is to be congratulated and
the Government is to be commiserated.
However, in the change occasioned by
this decision the principle OF promo
ton in the public service has been
maintained and his longtime asso-
ciate In the organization, Arno B.
Cammerer, has been designated to sue
ceed as director, upon which the Gov
ernment is to be congratulated.
The National Parks Service has de-
veloped and preserved the natural won
ders of this country for the benefit Of
the people AS result of highly in
telligent and progressive administra-
ton of these places, canyons, forests,
mountain areas, cataracts, geysers,
strange formations, caverns, prehis-
toric remains, have been made acces-
sible to multitudes. Many millions visit
them annually. Highways have been
built to permit approach and entry.
Accommodations for the comfort and
safety of visitors have been provided.
These parks and monuments have been
thus turned over to the people, for all
time.
The administration of the National
Parks Service has had only two direc-
tors, and is now to have its third.
Stephen r Mather was the first. He
was virtually the creator of this un-
surpassed system of national reserva-
tions, and under his administration 1t
developed to almost its present range
and value. Upon his death, in January.
1929, he was succeeded by Mr. Albright,
who had been attached to the service
In 1915 as aide to Mr. Mather, then
assistant to the Secretary Of the In
tagtor IN charge Of national park &C.
Evening star., 1933-07-07
ssAs Man Walks'' or
Gas the Grow Flies''
To the Editor Of The Star:

TO the Editor OF The Star:
Are the District Commissioners as
piring to be emancipators before quit
ting ONCE? 1t is reported that meas
ured distance for saloons from schools
or churches Is to be ascertained here
after "as q man walks" and never
more "as the crow flies"
The abolition Of this legalistic fic-
tion concerning the crow should be ac-
claimed as commendable act Of pub
lie humaneneSs. In all probability,
there is no authentic record Of the
self-respecting crow ever flying delib-
erately to saloon to quench his thirst
or to drown his sorrow It may not
be demonstrated satisfactorily that any
crow ever flew from church or school
to saloon with wing meter" at
tachment to record distance travelled
1t Is doubtful II any denizen Of the
crow world even walked to a saloon
at any time Of his own free will.
Therefore, 1t Is eninently fitting that
the crow be set free from enslave-
beverages. legalized," or as twentieth
amendment "intoxication afiliate."
Such smart and intelligent neighbors
are certainly deserving Of their free
dom, and there should be rejoicing
over the news-if true-that crows are
to be released from thralldom through
an immortal emancipation proclama-
ton issued by the Commissioners Of
the District of Columbia.
However the Commissioners should
deliberate considerably before adopting
the substitute measuring formula-"as
a man walks" It is all too true that
man never has possessed the ability to
emancipate himself permanently from
L. ~ l.
been afforded opportunity legally to
measurer, there may be prejudice or
inclination on mans part that will
prove decidedly injurious to the pub
lie interest involved.
For example: AS trafflc regulations
do now or may be made to decree
how q man legally may walk, a man
might walk 80 feet from a church or
school to the corner Of street cross
a 40 foot roadway, and then walk back
80 feet on the opposite side That
may be construed to be 200 legal man
walking feet-and the saloon could be
located directly opposite the church or
school. The way seems wide open for
interminable similar constructions to
encourage innumerable scandalous
evasions Of the true purpose of such
At one time there was in this city
an Excise Board, with man as the
saloon distance measurer. 1t would be
enlightening II the Commissioners
would make inquiries to find out what
reputation was acquired by that board,
and to discover how measurements
were made-before taking final action on
the proposal to measure ''as man walks 3"
The Commissioners never should
forget that distance regulations pri-
marily are made to protect the rights
Of those who are not saloon patrons
to give them reasonable protection
from obnoxious sights and disturbing
noises near churches and adjacent
property and near schools and ad-
joining grounds where children play
and not to furnish loopholes through
which saloon snipers may annihilate or
wipe out all such rights.
JOSEPH w. CHEYNEY
Evening star., 1933-07-07
Merger of Civil Service
Positions Is Questioned
To the Editor of The Star:

To the Editor Of The Star:
BY what process Of reasoning has the
conclusion been reached that the duties
of chief examiner and those of secre-
tary of the Civil Service Commission
may well be combined in one office?
In the first place, the qualifications
needed in the two positions are essen
superbly equipped for the Office of Sec
retary and yet possess scarcely any
equipment for the position of chief ex-
aminer, which latter place calls for the
supervision and appraisal of tests en-
bodied in hundreds of different exami-
nations, ranging practically the entire
gamut of useful knowledge, for today
it is a difficult task to name educational
qualifications which are not needed in
some one of the tens of thousands of
positions in the Federal service-clerical
scientific, pedagogic, chronological, in
dustrial, legal, etc.
A secretary might be most efficient
as such. and yet have no acquaintance
with the higher mathematics, the physi-
cal sciences, mechanics and industrial
arts, while the chief examiner might
be hopelessly at sea on such questions
as apportionment of appointments By
States, the rules forbidding political as
sessments and partisan activity, salaries
veteran preference, transfers and rein
statements.
Then. too, the volume Of work inc
dent to both positions is truly huge II
normal times, requiring a large force,
for the work of the Civil Service Com
mission affects nearly every position un-
der the Federal Government, even when
not classified, and the volume of neces-
sary correspondence is very great.
Under these circumstances, what i,,s-
tifcation exists for combining these two
positions? It is reported that the
Brookings Institute recommends this
course, but we are told that great Jove
himself mods at times.
GEORGE A, WARREN
Evening star., 1933-07-07
Child-Labor Ban Surprises
Country After Long Battle

low wages, observes that there is
growing tendency to remember that tn,
laborer Is worthy of his or her hire"
The Abilene Reporter holds that "it
the new textile code does nothing more
than make child labor impossible. it
will have proved its value to our civili-
zation." The Akron Beacon Journal
AYERS that Gen. johnson has the power
OF enforcement and will restrain the
employers who were eager to profit from
that inhuman system" The Rochester
Times Union remarks that when men
and women want and need jobs. the evil
Of child labor is greater than ever"
The Hartford Times halls new protec-
ton thrown around youngsters whose
jobs should 60 to their fathers and older
brothers"
Considering the ethical side Of the
question, the Springfield (Mass) Re-
publican offers the opinion: The init
mate relations between the ban on child
labor and education should not be ig-
nored. If children under Is are not to
be allowed to work in the factories. as
the new industrial codes are providing,
the place for those children is at school
Yet the tendency is to shorten and slow
up school, in some States the number
OF school weeks year having been cut
10 to 20 per cent. The two tendencies
cannot be reconciled. 1t is worse than
Inconsistency to take children from in
dustry and throw them into sheer idle
ness; it Is social crime"
Evening star., 1933-07-07

Feathers fallen from favorite bird
make excellent bookmarks.
Blue and gray Of the jay, soft brown
Of the thrush, brilliant red of the car
dinal-
These are some Of the colors, from
some Of the songsters. which come
waiting down out of the skies.
One must look down, not up. for
them. OF the many such feathers we
have found, only was one seen to fall.
Most Of them come loose naturally,
no doubt making room for a newer and
better feather. Some Of them fall free
as the result Of fighting.
X
Such feathery bookmorks can be
found in any suburban section, if one
will be careful to look on sidewalks be-
meath trees
Not all of them will be so easy to
identify as those listed. Perhaps only
an expert" in bird life will be able to
place some of them correctly
After all, the identification makes
little difference; any good, clean bird
feather is a neat bit Of nature. The
fastidious person need not shrink. Ex-
animation of these feathers through
high-powered magniflcation shows no
uncleanliness or life of any kind.
A bird feather is an exquisite adap-
tation, at the same time 1t combines
real beauty from the human eyepotnt.
X
Used as a bookmark, the fallen
feather may be placed between the
pages either with the quill end down
or the tip down.
The latter method Is preferred by
those who are finicky about their pre-
ciouS volumes, as 1t puts minimum OF
rib between the sheets Of paper. No
damage will be done book either way,
however.
The booklover, who also happens to
be a nature lover. thus kills two birds
with one stone, to use an old saying.
Happily there is no killing in the mat
ter at all.
The fine feather drops from the sky
and would be lost unless the fancier Of
things beautiful picked it up.
AS for the necessity for bookmarks,
booklovers disagree.
One school Of thought declares that
there Is no need for such thing.
One ought to know where he left
off," according to the members Of this
school,
They claim that one who reads prop
erly has no need for a bookmark, since
he marks his own reading with his own
memory.
Members of the other school assert
that this is so much hokum, and moth
ing more, that the more one reads and
the better one reads, the more he needs
mark to save his memory.
xx
There Is no need, they say. for bur-
dening the mind when a scrap of paper
or a feather-will do the trick quite
as well.
AS for that most numerous book
reader, the man who has more than one
going at the same time, he would be
completely lost without some sort Of
marker. He would get his characters
"all mixed up" to say nothing Of con-
fusing his economic theories with the
lady loves in his best sellers"
It Is all matter of opinion. but COM
mon sense inclines toward the theories
Of those who believe in and use the
common, everyday bookmark.
1t not only has tradition behind 1t.
but 1t meets conditions, and in 1888
Evening star., 1933-07-07
Secretary Hull's Victory.

Historians who write Of the World
Monetary and Economic Conference OF
1888 will be obliged at least to
chronicle that it did not easily give up
the ghost-that, indeed, it seemed to
be endowed with the proverbial nine
lives of the cat. On the very threshold
Of inglorious demise, the conference
has been saved and its rescue Is
primarily the achievement of the chair
man of the American delegation, Sec
retary of State Cordell Hull. In an
appeal which baffied all opposition
Secretary Hull brought about in the
bureau. or steering committee, OF the
conference a unanimous decision not
to adjourn, but to go Onto go on with
such matters as are debatable and
relegating altogether the gold and
sterilization issues which almost brought
the conference to dissolution.
A resolution to that end Incorporates
the view Of the gold bloc countries that
"it is impossible for them to take part
in any monetary discussions" but they
concur in the plan to instruct each
subcommittee to proceed forthwith to
prepare for discussion all other subjects
"for the future business of the con-
ference" which can in the circum-
stances be usefully studied"
Secretary Hull, ably supported by
Premier Bennett of Canada, Viscount
Ishii of Japan. spokesmen OF the
Scandinavian countries, and notably by
Mr.. Chamberlain, British chancellor OF
the exchequer, contended that subjects
that can still "be usefully studied" are
numerous and vital AS to most OF
them, Secretary Hull declared, only
the surface has been scratched" Among
them he listed primarily the evils OF
economic nationalism" and pleaded for
thoroughgoing exploration of ways and
means for ameliorating If not eradicat-
ing them.
The burden Of the Hull song-which
happily did not turn out to be swan
song-was that the conference dare not
wind up and its delegates go home
empty-handed Just because they failed
to surmount the first great crisis which
was encountered. The needs OF the
stricken world for economic relief are
far too urgent to permit defeat thus
prematurely to be conceded. Cordell
Hull Is at his best when pleading
cause in the accents of transparent sin
cerity which distinguishes his political
conduct, and the American people will
rejoice that at the psychological mo-
ment they had a spokesman in London
whose personality and program saved
the day just when it seemed to be lost.
With war debts, tariffs and currency
sterilization barred from deliberation at
American insistence, there may be an
inclination here and there to consider
that what is left Of the conference Is
Hamlet" without the melancholy Dane.
But 1t Is nevertheless gratifying to
know that, thanks to American tnitia-
tive, enough has been salvaged at Lon
don to preserve unity Of cooperation
along other useful lines. Given the will
that brought it about, it should not be
beyond the wit and power OF world
craftsmanship to find the way to
genuine accomplishment in variety OF
substantial directions.
Evening star., 1933-07-07
Mattern Survives.

Jimmie Mattern Is found! Such was
the glad news that came flashing half
way around the world this morning.
Mattern, missing since June Is in the
course Of his attempted flight on the
great circuit, has been located. alive
and apparently unhurt. at the veritable
jumping on place Of Asia. the extreme
northeastern corner of the continent,
close to the Bering Sea.
It cannot be said that Anadyr
Chukotka Is a wholly unknown spot on
the map, for it was at that place that
Amundsen was located In 1920 after he
had been missing for eighteen months
In the course of his Polar exploration.
1t Is only tiny hamlet, located at the
mouth Of the Anadyr River, on the bay
Of the same name. Now that 1t has
figured at least twice in the news in
the course of thirteen years it may be
regarded as ION the map"
Mattern's flight for round-world
record was a failure when he took of
on the leg that was to prove the final
one of his venture. He had started in
auspicious circumstances, setting a re-
markable pace across the Atlantic,
across Europe and well into Asia. He
came to grief in Siberia, damaged his
ship and fell behind the record sched-
ule. Nevertheless he kept on and was
heading for home when something hap
pened. The later dispatches will doubt
less tell the full story. The fact OF I'M
mediate Importance Is that this brave
man Is alive and uninjured.
These perilous ventures will continue
despite the risks, which will grow
less with repetition. Round-the-worio
flying is likely to become an established
sport. As it Is continued 1t will lose
some of its zest and public interest. and
some lives will be lost through plane
failures, bad weather and lack of re-
fueling facilities. Mattern represents
the spirit that carries on to establish a
new mode of transport against hazards.
He will be given rousing reception on
his return home.
Evening star., 1933-07-07
The Problem at Lorton.

Apparently climax has been reacneo
at Lorton Reformatory. Continued dis
order has brought to head the differ
ences between Capt. M. M. Barnard,
superintendent Of the District penal in
stitutions, and A. G.. Tawse, for nine
years superintendent of the prison COM
munity The latter has resigned and
the Board of Public Welfare soon must
consider the appointment Of his sue
cessor. Obviously, it is Of imperative
importance that the right type of man
be chosen.
Lorton, as every one knows. represents
an experiment in penal sociology. The
institution largely Is a reflection Of
Capt Barnards personal philosophy.
He has been endeavoring to work out
on the reservation a practical doctrine
of human reconstruction; he has been
trying to rebuild human character. The
end, of course, was eminently worth
attempting But for its success cooper
alton between the ideas sponsor. the
reformatorys chief warden and the
inmates themselves was imperatively
necessary The present situation arose
from the breakdown Of that relation Of
mutual helpfulncss and confidence.
Capt. Barnard holds Mr.. Tawse respon-
sible, Mr. Tawse blames Capt. Barnard.
The public cannot know and probably
does not care where the fault really lies.
The point about which 1t Is disturbed
is that Of the danger Of rioting and
other lawlessness in place where dis
cipline never should be permitted to
lapse.
The outbreaks Of Saturday Sunday
and this morning, 1t is plain, trace
back to. mismanagement. There seems
to be no question about men having
been permitted to leave the Reforma-
tory for visits to the city and 1t also
appears that mail has been smuggled
out. Such breaches of basic regula-
tions are intolerable. They contradict
and cancel out the whole purpose Of
institutional confinement. Whoever
sponsored them Is guilty Of treason to
society as well as to the best interests
of the prisoners not so favored Granted
that there may be exceptions to any
rule, it still remains to be deplored
that it was possible for pair Of boot.
leggers to journey up to Washington.
call at banks, dine in public restaurants
and take part in q controversy with
policeman. The incident was shame
less exhibition Of foolhardy disregard
of elementary considerations Of duty.
No one will wish to be unjustly critical
of Mr.. Tawse, who undoubtedly has done
his best for Lorton, but many surely
must wonder why the Board Of Public
Welfare did not take more definite
corrective action in the circumstances.
The basic problem at the Reforma-
tory seems to be that Of the arrange
ment whereby long-term prisoners are
admitted to a degree Of freedom from
constraint not customarily accorded
such people. The trouble Of the past
few days appears to have had its origin
in the effort to reconcile confirmed
criminal psychology with Capt. Barn
ards humane doctrines. There is a
type Of felon that cannot be compro-
missed with, cannot be treated as ra-
tional or repentant.
happen to do permanent harm to the
gains accomplished at the Reformatory,
the good already achieved, but it is
patent that there must be serious re-
consideration of the policies in force
there.
Evening star., 1933-07-07

Did YOU ever write o letter to Fred
eric j. Haskin? You can ask him
any question Of fact and get the
answer in a personal letter. Here Il
a great educational idea introduced into
the lives of the most intelligent people
In the world-American newspaper
readers It Is a part Of that best pur-
pose Of a newspaper-serv1ce. There
Is no charge except 3 cents In coin or
stamps for return postage. Do not use
post cards Address Frederic ]. Haskin.
Director, The Evening Star Informa-
ton Bureau, Washington, D. c.
@. What is the score for a for
feited ball game?-L. G. K.
A. The score Of a forfeited game in
base ball is to 0; in foot ball, to o;
in basket ball. 2 to 0.
@. What Chinese dialect Is spoken
In official circles?-F. P. s.
A. There are q number Of different
Chinese dialects. For all practical pur-
poses Mandarin, the dialect spoken In
the old capital, Peking, now known as
Peiping, Is by far the most important
dialect. It Is the native speech of
the majority Of Chinese and the recog-
nized vehicle Of oral communication
between all Chinese officials, even
when they come from the same part Of
the country and speak the same patois.
@. Is the founder Of the Lafayette
Escadrille hviQg?-B. w.
A. Norman Prince was killed.
@. What Is the special name for q
young turkey?-E. A. w.
A. Until the sex can be distinguished
the young domestic turkeys are called
'poults"; thereafter, up to l year OF
age, young birds are called cockerels
and pullets. Birds over year old are
called cocks and hens.
@. Please give a short biography OF
Cantor Josef Rosenblatt.-A. H.
A. The American Hebrew says that
he was born In Bialaceirkov, Russia
May 9, 1882 His father was a cantor
Josef began to sing at the age of 4
In 1912 he came to America. He was
considered the foremost cantor in
Europe and North America by thou
sands of Jews and Gentiles who had
heard him in synagogues or on the
concert stage. He died in Palestine
on Sunday, June Is, 1888. where he
had gone to participate in some scenes
3O3 q lIOIAO4 pACtuC.
@. Should cannot" be written as
one word or two?-L C.
A. Either is correct. It Is written
as one word more often than as two
@. Who were the seven best COL
orists selected by Ruskin?-I. H. c.
A. Ruskin in a footnote says that
there have been only seven supreme
colorists whose works exist. They are
Giorgione, Titan, Veronese, Tintoretto
Correggio, Reynolds and Turner.
@. What year did President Roose-
welt graduate from Harvard?-D. M.
A. He got his A. B. in 1904.
O. What is the crest on the State
flag OF Maryland?-H. D. A.
A. This flag is striking in design and
IN its history. Although it was not Off
cially adopted until 1904, it has been in
continuous use since the early days of
the proprietary government Of Mary
land. 1t represents the escutcheon of
the paternal coat Of arms of Lord
Baltimore.
O. Please give the dimensions OF
the Tomb Of the Unknown Soldier at
Arlington-M. D.
A. Height at front, 8 feet 4 inches;
height at back, 10 feet 4 inches: width
at base, 9 feet; length at base, IA fee,
II inches.
@ Who is the new Minister Of
Portugal?-N. H.
Evening star., 1933-07-07
Boom Trading.

The sale of 222,930 shares OF the
stock of the Pittsburgh & West Virginia
Railway Co. to the Pennroad Corpora
ton in 1929 at $170 share when the
market price of the stock was $40 or
lower throws light on the manner in
which some of the railroad financing
of the country was done in the glam-
orous days of the great boom. The
Pennroad Corporation, it is true, Is not
in itself a railway company. 1t is
holding company. organized to purchase
and hold railroad stocks. 1t is essen
tally Pennsylvania Railroad concern,
however, in whose organization and set
I'D the firm of Kuhn, Loeb & Co. played
its part
The purchase of the stock of the
Pittsburgh g. West Virginia Railway Co.
by the Pennroad Corporation was made,
it appears from the evidence given be-
fore the Senate Banking and Currency
Committee. from a syndicate headed
by Frank E. Taplin, Cleveland capital
ist, and, indeed, Mr.. Taplin and his
family made profit of about s11,00o,-
900 on the deal, because they had
bought the stock at an average price
of $3.50.
The deal made so advantageously to
Mr.. Taplin and his associates in the
syndicate which controlled about seven
ty-three per cent of the stock of Pitts
burgh & West Virginia Railway Com
pany was part apparently of the plan
of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company,
acting through the Pennroad Corpora
ton, to prevent the Pittsburgh &
West Virginia from coming into the
possession Of the Van Sweringens or
other railroad interests in competition
with the Pennsylvania. Mr.. Taplin
conceived the idea Of making a big
profit out of the Pittsburgh g. West
Virginia, and the first syndicate agree
ment to deal in the control of the
railroad was made in 1913. The syn
dicate held out for . number Of years