davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1933-09-28
Treaty-Making Authority.

From the San Antonio Evenings News.
National Constitution-article II, sec
ton 2-provides that the President
shall have the power, by and with the
advice and consent of the Senate. to
make treaties, provided two-thirds Of
the Senators present concur" Probably
no proviso in the fundamental law has
caused more friction in the govern
mental machinery than that. Divided
authority has intensified the jealousy
between the legislative and executive
branches. That feeling has not been
confined to a politically hostile ma
jority by any means. More than once
as in handling the Versailles treaty
such q conflict has put the United
States Government in an embarrassing
position.
Because of that circumstance, many
statesmen consider that the trainers
erred here. Still, such a check upon
the Presidents power appears not only
advisable, but necessary. Some time ago
John w. Davis suggested revising the
proviso to permit treaty ratification by
majority vote. DR.. Nicholas Murray
Butler, president of Columbia Un1ver-
sity, lately proposed this extra-consti-
tutional measure: He would set up a
foreign relations council to act as a
liaison between the President and the
Senate in diplomatic undertakings, par
ticularly treaty making. DR.. Butler con-
siders that such body could eliminate
many misunderstanding, thus giving
some assurance that when treaty were
signed 1t would be ratified. Perhaps the
council would accord new significance to
that much-disputed phrase, advice and
consent" Certainly it Is desirable that
In dealing with other governments the
President and the Senate should under.
stand one another and stick together.
Evening star., 1933-09-28

Of his opportunity. The spirit Of the
cathedral builders Of the Middle Ages
has burned with o ruddy flame In his
soul, and his enthusiasm has been con-
structively contagious, enlisting the aid
Of many men and women beyond the
boundaries of his own denomination.
It is noteworthy. also, that his point
Of view has been consistently liberal.
He has been no sectarian prelate, con-
cerned solely with the welfare Of q
single branch of the universal church.
His hand has gone out in ready fellow
ship to the clergy and laity Of every
other communion. His social idealism
has been generous, his patriotism sin
cere. He las lent himself without re-
serve to all good causes, and, practiclng
what he has preached, his charities
have been legion.
The building assignment which he
inherited from his predecessors, Bishop
Satterlee and Bishop Harding, he has
advanced with the most conspicuous
success. He has brought to approM-
mate completion the great choir and
north transept of the Cathedral fin
ished the crypt chapels and erected the
College Of Preachers and the first in
tegral Of the library.
But the invisible structure Of faith
and love which he has reared is even
more important. It is not too much to
say that during his first decade Bishop
Freeman has been a builder of the
spiritual house Of God whose founda-
tions are laid in human hearts and
whose pinnacles rise to the apex of
human minds.
Evening star., 1933-09-28

has been charged In the indictment
with not filing declaration With the
Government before September as that
he had gold in his possession. He has
until next Monday to escape Q possible
additional charge Of actually boarding
gold. Yet he does not have the gold
in his possession. The bank has the
gold and the owner Of the gold, Mr..
Campbell, cannot get his hands on It.
1t has been obvious that the Gov
ernment did not relish the prospect Of
prosecuting gold hoarders, and has used
practically every available method Of
avoiding prosecution. Mr.. Campbell
seems to have forced the prosecution,
and the case ought to be an interest,"
Ing one. Mr.. Campbell based his plea
for return Of his gold by the bank on
the Fifth Article Of the Constitution,
prohibiting the seizure Of private prop
erty without due process Of law and
just compensation. Mr.. Medalie. on
the other hand, countered with the
point that the Constitution gives Con-
gress the authority over the currency
and coinage Of money, and authorizes
the President to carry out its acts.
The gold bullion in question was pur-
chased from the Federal Reserve with
gold certificates which bore the Gov
ernment's pledge to redeem them in
gold. This was before the act Of
March last, which gave the President
power to limit and control possession
Of gold by executive order. an execu-
tive order which later halted redemp-
ton of gold certificates and made the
possession Of gold, after certain date,
punishable by fine or imprisonment or
both. This order was later amended to
require gold hoarders to report their
holdings, and, later, to turn these over
to the Federal Reserve.
Mr.. Campbell has been quoted rs
saying he would be willing to 60 to jail
in defense of his constitutional
rights" On the validity Of the Gov
ernment's order against holding, or
boarding. gold depends part Of its
subsequent monetary policy-or, as some
critics might put 1t, the lack Of none
tary policy. The case promises to be
one Of the important legal tests arising
under the new deal While 1t Is ex-
traordinarily important to Mr.. Campbell,
there are reported to be about 80 900
other known gold hoarders against
whom the Government may proceed.
Evening star., 1933-09-28

Southern was moving In the direction
Of railroad salvation
Desperation may save the railroads
In spite of themselves" in the opinion
Of the Philadelphia Record, which adds
that IF price is right, speed and service
will win trade, but If prices are high.
depression passengers will forego speed
and service" The Chicago Daily News
AYERS that the volume of business done
by Eastern and Western railroads in
bringing visitors to Century of Prog
ress at special excursion rates indicates
that much Of the old popularity of rail-
road passenger travel can be regained II
the charges are reasonable" The New
York Times advises that "once the car
riers break loose from the spirit Of de-
featism, they are likely to find that not
all the advantages are with the automo-
bile and the bus" The Times argues
that trains over moderately long dis
tances are much more comfortable than
road vehicles" that they are quicker,
one can read books and newspapers on
the trains, and they are not bothered
by snow or rain"
The importance Of cheap excursions
In convincing the railroad managers OF
the need of lower rates Is attested by
the Hartford Times and the Philadel-
phla Evening Bulletin, while the needs
OF passengers are set forth by the As
bury Park Press in the statement: In
cidental items are also worthy of con-
sideration in any effort to increase the
railroads passenger business. Coean
cars. with clean windows so that the
passengers can see through them, and
clean seats so that he does not require
tailor upon detraining, are important
to encourage travellers to use the rail-
roads. An even temperature, free Of the
rapid temperature changes now felt on
most trains, is necessary to the comfort
OF the passenger. In fact, the lack OF
minor comforts and conveniences is one
OF the chief reasons why the railroads
do not attract travellers who are now
using automobiles or busseS"
"A CHEEKY note" is observed by the
Portland Oregon Journal in the record
of railroad improvement in the past few
months, and it contends that railroad
traffic is barometer of business and
industry"
Evening star., 1933-09-28
THIS AND THAT
BY CHARLES z. TRACEWELL.

Tho time may come in this country
when only . few persons WIN be able
to have gardens.
The spread Of insect pests and blights
Of various sorts threatens the average
mans garden.
In the days to be 1t may turn out that
home gardens will be the property of
two types, persons who are rich and
are able to pay others to spray and
night plant enemies day after day, and
home owners who have the time and
energy to do the same for themselves.
The great bulk Of the people will be
unable to protect their growing things
Of the outdoors: they will be forced to
watch the bugs and the fungi and
harmful conditions Of one sort and an
other ruin their gardens.
Long before this takes place, how
ever, thousands Of persons will give up
gardening. II this should happen, an
utterly new type Of home and sur
roundings will come into being.
X X X
It Is within the bounds Of imagina-
ton to see q garden developed entirely
out of fabricated steel or aluminium, for
instance, with shrubs and even trees
curiously wrought from metal.
These could be painted with O new
type Of paint-especially developed for
the purpose-which would lend q life
like character lacking in outdoor paints
at the present time
Grass might be simulated In any one
OF q number OF materials. Instead of
cutting the grass, 1t would be swept
with broom.
Bright flowers could be attached to
plants" IN such a way as to fool any
one at little distance.
In the artiflciality Of that era COM
plete sets Of seasonal flowers would be
sold in q box, with q list of blooming
dates. so that householders might afix
and remove blossoms according to nat
ural schedule. There would be that
much Nature left.
Such q possibility may seem only a
gardeners nightmare, but II one will
read something Of the literature upon
insects, and above all carefully inspect
his own garden and such others as he
may come across, he will realize that
the possibility is not as remote as he
might think.
Surplus storage of grains without hu-
man purchasers no doubt has been
vastly to the liking Of the insects.
4ACcC SICdtuICo, q I1ucdL S$AlIlSt LEc
dominion Of man since antiquity, have
never In their long history found con-
ditions more to their liking
The distraction of mankind in the
throes Of perpetual warfare, or the con-
sideration thereof, has led to q plain
discounting of the dangers Of this nat
ural warfare between man and the in
sects which never stops.
All one has to do Is look around one
to see that all Is not well In the culti-
waited gardens.
Various trees show signs Of blight,
withered limbs and Drowned leaves.
Snowberry bushes and other shrubs
have shown increasing tendency dur
ing the last two years to develop with
cred. almost scared, branches out OF
season.
There Is an orange rust on almost
all specimens Of the popular Bechtel's
crab Sturdy lilac bushes suffer from
mildew to a more than normal extent.
Reports from nearby Virginia tell Of
multitudes Of small holes, about the
size Of a lead pencil. and Of an unde-
termined depth, which have appeared
in lawns.
Evening star., 1933-09-28
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN.

Q. Are the French possessions as
valuable to her as the British posses
sions are to Great Britain?-B. e.
A. The French possessions are of
value to the mother country In very
much the same way as the British
possessions are to England, namely, in
the matter OF trade and commerce.
Inc french possessions are very ex-
tensive and no doubt very nearly rs
much a source Of income to France
Q. How much has manufacturing in
creased this year over last year?-P A
A. The National Industrial Confer.
| ence Board says that manufacturing
production in the United States in the
nrst seven months Of 1888 averaged I6
per cent higher than in the year 1882.
9. Do the people of Soviet Russia
engage in sports?-H. r.
A. Probably more people engage 2
tnem there than in any other country.
The co-operatives all have recreation
and sporting facilities, large gny-
nasla and mass games. There is no
commercial sport. however, such as
American base ball.
Q. How can green tomatoes h.
r7pened after frost?-W. I. j.
a. Green tomatoes should be picked
DeIore a frost or after a light frost.
picking only those which do not show
injury, and storing them, for ranid
rlpenlng, in a place where the tenn
peratures ranges between go and 10 de-
grees Fahrenheit, with a relative hu.
midity OF about IS per cent. Under
tnese conditions mature green tomatoes
snoulo begin to rtpen within five or six
Gays. The temperature can range as
low as % degrees Fahrenheit without
any injury to the fruit, but at lower
temperatures than this low temners-
ture injury develops when the tomatoes
are stored Tor any considerable length
OF time. e'--
9. How old is the gorilla In the
Philadelphia Zoo?-J. G.
"A. The biggest and oldest gorilla in
tnS country Is Bamboo at the Phila-
oelphia Geological Gardens. He is
ABOUT five years old and stands seven
Ieet nigh and measures 8 feet 4 inches
s scIoss ~ tne chest. He probably weighs
9: How long and how high is tho
Walling Wall Of Jerusalem?-A. II.
A. The wall is 156 feet long and 50
feet high. The nine lowest courses of
stone consist Of large blocks
q How much money have foreigners
on deposit IN London banks?-T. p.
A. About 81 1,812 900 900 at present
exchange rates. The greater part of
IL mas been deposited by Americans.
9. How often does the Government
radio station send out the regular
weather reports?-H. w. w.
A. Arlington Radio Station NAA
says that there are three weather re-
ports sent out from that station
i0:lO am, by telephony (by voice. and
oy telegraphy; 3:45 pm, only by voice
on $50 kilocycles; 10 pm, by TELEPHONY
and by telegraphy.
Q. How many Popes have taken the
name Of Benedict?-R. B.
A. There have been fifteen.
Q. When was the bill passed to
modify the Volstead act?-L. I.
A. Passed the House March IA. Sen
ate, March 16; agreed in conference.
March 20, and approved March %,
Q. What do the names Nancy and
Jean MEANT. B.
A. They are both derived from the
same stem as Ann, which Is Of Hebrew
origin and means grace of the Lord"
@. What is the meaning Of box
wood?-G K
A. Resurrection.
Evening star., 1933-09-28
Bishop Freeman's First Decade.

Tomorrow at Washington Cathedral
The tenth anniversary of the elevation
OF James E. Freeman to the episcopate
will be observed. The decade whose
close Is thus to be commemorated has
been one of the most eventful in the
history of the diocese. It has been a
period Of steady expansion and develop
lment, and much of the credit naturally
accrues to the man who has been the
leader in the work.
No prince OF the church ever has
been more Fundamentally devoted to
his duty. Bishop Freeman has labored
like the proverbial Trojan. His every
waking hour has been dedicated to the
service Of his people. Those who have
been most closely associated with him
testify to his prodigious capacity for
unremitting toll. He has been tireless.
His perseverance has been marvellous to
behold.
Doubtless, the explanation of his
ability TO keep on has been his zeal.
He has loved his task and been proud
Evening star., 1933-09-28

That these are not ant hills seems
proved by the absence Of both ants and
the sand which they normally produce
Instead Of sand these holes have
around them q small amount Of hard
dirt. Our correspondents tell Of no In
sects visible.
Since peace and happiness are the
best fruits Of the home garden, vying
even with beauty, 1t would seem at
times that perpetual struggle were toe
large price to pay for them.
The chief difficulty In the way Of tn!
amateur is the fact that his own good
efforts toward insect and blight control
are largely wasted II there Is no con-
certed movement on the part Of all.
Even II an entire community could
be induced to adopt the same spraying
program, there would still be the va
cant lots, to be found In all sections
veritable havens Of refuge for sore
pressed insects.
What Is the use Of spraying them
over into Q lot? One might as well let
them eat up cultivated plants ct once
and be done with it.
This pessimistic view. of course, comes
the task Of insect control tends to over
| whelm the lone gardener.
He will not forget, II he is honest
that insect control, like charity, begins
at home. The garden Is there before
one, and all one has to do is to study
the situation, and then spray.
But how many home gardeners do
It? And, even II they do, how many
do 1t thoroughly and consistently?
The answer to each of these ques-
tions Is In an ever decreasing ratio.
Few home gardeners ever put any
real study on this subject.
They learn bit about bordeaux mix
ture, and the like, the use Of sulphur
dust on roses, and miscible oil for ever
greens and the scale of lilacs.
Then they imagine their education
completed. It seems that one must be
farther, and the truth Is that not many
home gardeners are.
The great trouble, however. lies in
the plain failure Of the average home
gardener to put into effect the little
knowledge he has.
II he would spray consistently, and
with q compressed air sprayer, and II
all those around him would do likewise
he might get results from hts scanty
knowledge.
More often than not he gives his
roses one shot Of spray and calls it
quits for the Summer.
II he attends to them once Q month
he feels that he is quite heroic. But
the real authorities say that spraying,
especially with the sulphur dust. should
be done at least once q week all Spring
and Summer through.
Much could be accomplished II the
really interested home gardener would
take the trouble, when he finds dam
aged flower, or scalded branch. to show
it to an authority and get his advice.
Those who live in and near the Ma
tional Capital are fortunate. for the
various Government agencies are al
ways willing to help If the gardener
will apprise them of his dificulties.
AZ In any other war. nothing can
be done against insects and blights
without the fullest cooperation on all
sides. Mankind fortunately has the
advantage Of completely keeping his
plans from the enemy. This secrecy
| may save US In the end.
Evening star., 1933-09-28
High Lights on the Wide World
Excerpts From Newspapers of Other Lands

the source Of vitality, of which our
rabbis have always been mindful and
have spoken Of IN the most sacred
terms. It Is the duty Of every Jewish
parent II they want to be sure Of the
future religion Of their children to give
them sound religious Jewish educa-
don, % that they may not be like the
indifferent, assinilated. half-baked type
Of Jew who Is . Jew In name, only and
who Is In q majority Of cas8 discredit
TO he religion to which he, owes his
*14*+
q. s. Recovery Drive
Praised by Irish.
Irish Inae2endent. Dublin.-In the
United States of America the N. /
R. A. Is operating with success. The
battle it is wagfng Is against unem-
ployment, and, needless to say. guns
are not used In the campaign.
Americas N. l.. r. "A. Is the National
Industrial Recovery Act. The response
to the Presidents appeal has been rapid
and general. After a week Of confer
ences, President Roosevelt has secured
the adhesion Of three big industries -
program. The codes for those indus
tries alone affect 100000 workers
while altogether the total number OF
code-employed is about 100000.
This week attention Is being given
to the motor industry. Apparently 90
per cent Of the manufacturers are will
ing to accept the code and to fly the
blue eagle, the symbol Of cooperation
with the letters IN. I. r. Ana
tional Industrial Recovery Administra-
ton.
A clash between the President and
Mr.. Henry Ford Is not improbable. Mr..
Ford has so far held aloof. It is be-
lieved that as soon as the final terms
announced he will, asserting his stern
individualism, 20 one better In the
matter Of hours and wages. This course
would be inconsistent with the uni
formity insisted upon by the Recovery
Administration.
Evening star., 1933-09-28
The First Gold -Hoarding Test.

After 1t once got started it did not
take the United States Government
long to pounce on a gold hoarder
Eighteen minutes after an assistant to
United States Attorney Medalie of
New York put the Governments first
case before Federal grand jury yes
terday the indictment was returned
And no one can say that the Govern-
ment has acted without plenty of warn
ing. It has been warning the gold
hoarders 30 often that the voices of
the warmers must by this time be
hoarse. And it began to appear that
the Government was shouting wolf!
Wolff" when there was no wolf.
As it happened the Government did
not strike first. The first blow was
struck by the gold hoarder" himself
The Federal Indictment, charging a
criminal offense, was the Governments
indirect rejoinder. The case Is un-
usually complicated. Frederick Barber
Campbell, prominent attorney and
director in British and American in
surance companies, deposited gold bull
lion in the Chase National Bank for
safe keeping. The amount mentioned
in the indictment Is something more
than 100000. Day before yesterday
Mr.. Campbell, in a civil suit, asked the
return of his gold by the bank and
also sought restraining order pre-
venting the bank from turning the gold
over to the Federal Reserve Bank. Mr..
Medalie opposed the restraining order
and won his point. Instructions were
sought from Washington, and after an
all-night session the charges were pre-
pared and the indictment returned.
Strangely enough, Mr.. Campbell Is
not charged with boarding gold. He
Evening star., 1933-09-28

The answers to questions printed
here each day are specimens picked
from the mass Of inquiries handled by
our great Information Bureau main
tanned in Washington, D. G. This
valuable service Is for the free use Of
the public. Ask any question Of fact
you may want to know and you will
get an immediate reply. Write plainly
and tnclose three cents In coin OF
stamps for return postage. Do not use
post cards. Address The Evening StaI
Information Bureau. Frederic ]. Has
kin, Director, Washington, D. G.
Q. Can the batting order In q base
ball game be shifted after the game
begtns?-L. e. G.
A. The batting order must remain
the same as when 1t was handed to the
umpire. There may be substitutions
but not shifts In the batting order.
@. Who is financing the new Byrd
expedition to the South Pole?-N. A. l.
A. Rear Admiral Byrd says that
some $4,000 people-industrialists, busi-
ness men and others have contributed
Col. Jacob Rupert and John D. Rookie
Q. What Is the tax rate on beer?-
+. r.
A. The tax rate Is IS q barrel Of 81
gallons, and special taxes on brewers
wholesalers and retail dealers in malt
liquors are at the annual rates OF
81 900, $50 and $40. respectively.
@. What became Of the three-barrel
gun which the late President Theodore
Roosevelt used?-L. G.
a xryI1f Rp
had made in order to take on his first
hunt for big game on Big Horn Noun
tain, is in the collection of the Roose-
welt House Library and Museum, New
York City. He Is said to have taken
1t along on all the hunting trips he
made up to 1888 and to have killed
much game with it.
@. How many parimutuel race
tracks are there In Maryland?-M. P.
A. There are eight: One-mile, Havre
dc Grace, Laurel, Bowie, Pimlico; one
half-mile, Timonium, Marlboro, Ha-
gerstown and Cumberland.
Q. How many Civilian Conservation
camps will be in operation this Win
term. X. T.
A. A total Of 1886 camps will be
needed for the Winter operation Of the
corps. About $50 have already been
approved. Approximately 900 camps
will be reoccupied, while the rest will
consist Of projects yet to be selected.
O. How does o cornet differ from q
trumpet?-B. D.
A. The cornet Is intermediate In
character between the trumpet and the
bugle. Its characteristic feature is its
three pistons, which greatly increase
its compass.
@. Is the name Ryves common IN
England?-F. U.
A. It is now virtually extinct.
O. In what way was Dolly Madison
related to the Washington family?-
F. G. N.
A. Mrs. Madison's sister, Lucy, was
the wife Of George Steptoe Washington
q nephew Of George Washington. II
was at Harewood, the home of these
Washingtons, that the wedding OF
James Madison and Dolly Payne Todd
took place.
@. How much milk does the average
COW give in twenty-four hours?-T. D
A. The Department of Agriculture
reports the average milk yield per COW
for the year 1882 was 1902 pounds
This would be an average Of about ILL.,
pounds per day. Many cows, however
produce much more than this. The
world champion milk-producing COW
gave l6l.4 pounds in one day.
Evening star., 1933-09-28
Germany's Dance.

from the Des Moines Tribune.
Because Franz Lehar, the Hungarian
composer, ventured to criticize the Nad
regime, his famous waltzes have been
barred from reproduction in Germany.
Well, that's Germany's business, not
ours.
However, country that would rather
dance to Hitler's music than Lehar's
can scarcely continue to call itself the
world center Of musical culture.