davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-11-16
Ni0g0rG Alumni PIan ActiUities
Meeting Was Held Last Evening With Large
 Attendance

J. Ormandi Phelan of Meriden outlined plans for organization and activities as 25 local members of Alpha chapter, Alumni Association of Niagara university, met last night at the Hotel Elton. He ex- plained the movement as primarily social, with its purpose to bring alumni into closer and more fre- queht contact.
 pr John Freney, Atty John Me- Linden, Atty Clarence Balanda and Health Inspector Thomas Murphy, all urged local Niagara alumni to support the new movement as fully as possible.
 Dr Freney pledged the support of older alumni in this section. He called for immediate action in mak- ing the local chapter outstanding in the state.
 The grShp voted to hold another meeting Nov. 28. Atty John McLin- den is acting as temporary chair man of Alpha chapter.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-11-16

Open Forums for organists and church soloists are being organized throughout the country in ciew of the National Recovery program. The work was first started in Con- necticut by the State Federation of Music clubs under the leadership of Mrs Josephine Fletcher Wilcox. state chairman of music in religious education. The enthusiasm created in the state spread throughout the country and Mrs Wilcox was chosen national chairman of this par ticular department. Other states commencing this work are consult ing Connecticut methods.
 The first Forum to be held in Connecticut this year, will take place in Danbury, Monday, Novem-
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-11-16
Contract Bridge
CORNELL CONTRACT CLUB

In the Wednesday evening ses- sion of the Cornell Contract club at 20 Buckingham street. high scorers were: North and South, MT and Mrs James Walsh. IA; Mrs Joseph Bergin and Mrs Joseph Stevens, 110; Dr and Mrs Thomas Tobin, 107k; James Bowling and William Carpenter, 1O6; and East and West, Miss Louise Butler and Miss Catherine Mahoney, 106; Miss Florence Johnson and Miss Jo- sephine Connors, 105; Mrs William Faeth and Miss Mae Lannen, 99; and MT and Mrs William Mo- ran, 98.
 The percentage of the players in the standing to date is as follows: James Bowling and William Car penter, .608; MT and Mrs James Walsh, 1899; Mrs Joseph Bergin and Mrs Joseph Stevens. .5S0: Mrs William Carpenter and Mrs Ridg- way Parker, .574; MT and Mrs Fred Lux, .545; Mr and Mrs Thomas Bane, .534, and Dr and Mrs Thom- as Tobin, .530.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-11-16
WaterburyGirls Club Held Regular Meeting Last Night

18th when plans will be made for
 Christmas entertainment.
 Those attending the meeting were: Misses Grace Miro, Margaret
 Miro, Victoria Miro, Eleanor Lahey, Margaret Mahoney, Vera DuBois,
 Antoinette Cattana, Mary St John,
 Theresa Calderone, Dor o h y
 Blacker, Eleanor Dunne, Katherine Byron, Lena Cattana, Nora Brod- erick, Catherine Phelan, Stephania
 Gworek, Anna Pannone, Helen Joyce, Elizabeth Byron, Anna
 Crean, Rita Denehy, Winifred
 Rowley, Margaret Synnott, Rita Cluney, Virginia Fox, Ruth Jus
 hiuskas, Anna Danaher and Fannie DeBlasio.
 > Mrs. Floyd Lyttle of Southmayd
 road was hostess of linen shower given at her home recently in hon. or of her, sister, Miss Josephine Scanlon who is to be married in
 January to Henry Greenwood. The
 bride elect was presented with a
 number of beautiful gifts from those attending who were Mrs | OidI cuCC 1cNlllS mk0t JOSCpIl oulAA" van, Mrs Thomas Delaney, MT:
 Russell Gee, Mrs George Austin Mrs Frank Delaney, Mrs Timothy I Horgan, Mrs William Duggan, Mrs Howard Hogan, Mrs James Purcell
 Mrs Joseph Archambault, Mrs B
 Stack, Mrs Joseph Massicotte, Mrs William Cousey, Mrs James Pur- cell, Jr., Mrs Michael Breen, Mrs
 Henry Hoetchke, Mrs Harry Sizer,
 Mrs Caswell Birdsey, Mrs Bernard
 Scanlon, Mrs William McGrath,
 Mrs Alanson Birdsey, Mrs Mary Lyttle, Mrs Joseph DuBord, Mrs
 Emil Porzenheimer, Mrs Mary Scanlon, Mrs John Cavanaugh. Mrs A. DeCantellon, Misses Mary Dunn
 Sally Canavan, Gertrude Purcell, Jean Finlay, Mary Quilter, Louise McNamara, josephine MsEnerney
 and Catherine Scanlon.
 .Mordaunt Shairp's play, "The Green Bay Tree, was reviewed last night in Davenport hall by Rev Moses R. Lowell of the Second Con- 1 gregational church. In his review IRev MT Lowell succeeded in creat- I ing a vivid illusion of the actual enactment. Next Thursday he will
 read three plays by Bernard Shaw Last nights affair was we'll attend ed and the audience showed very | great interest
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-11-16

The marriage of Miss Louise Di- Toto, daughter of MT and Mrs Dom- chic DiToto of Oak street and James Lombardo, son of MT and Mrs Frank Lombardo of Woodtick road took place this morning at g o'clock at St Lucy's church. Rev Felix Scoglio officiated at the cere- mony and also celebrated the nup- tial mass which followed. The bride was attended by her sister, Miss Ida DiToto and Anthony Lombardo at tended his brother as best man.
 The bride wore a gown of white
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-11-16
Today's Contract Problem

North has the contract. here, for four hearts. It looks as though he has a ios- ing club, a losing trump, and two losing spades. How can he play the hand to eliminate one of the losers? s
 AK107
 VAK75
 %9
 ssJ95e Ass42 AAJ5 VJ w ElvQ94 ( 1O732 S K o J 5 !! KQ73 Dealer ]. 10 64
 AQ63
 v10S6 %AS64
 Je AS Solution in next issue. 1
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-11-16

Mrs John P. Flood of West Hart ford is spending few days as the guest of her sister, Mrs Mary Ly- man of Highland avenue.
The Washington times., 1933-02-02
COTTON EASIER.
AND TRADING
IS ACTIVE

NEW YORK, Feb. 2 dN.SJ.
Cotton futures continued easier
today in moderately active trad.
ing.
Wall Street and wire house sell
ing supplied a fair volume Of con-
tracts. In addition, there was a
moderate amount Of Hedge and
Southern selling and some further
liquidation of March contracts.
This was partially absorbed by
a good demand from the trade
and scattered buying by commits
sion houses and spot firms.
Cotton exchange service statis-
tics of fertilizer tag sales for De-
cember and January, the fertilizer
season so far, show sales in
South Carolina, Alabama, Georgia,
Mississippi and Texas of $4,000
short tons, against $1,000 a year
ago. January figures are $4,000
tons, against $4,000.
Noon quotations were off 3
points, with March at 5.76, May
at $50, July at 500, and october
at 6.21,
The Washington times., 1933-02-02
DANISH KRONER
At NEW Low

NEW YORK, Feb. 2 d.N.s0'
Both Canadian dollars and Dan
ish kroner were under pressure
again in the local foreign ex,
change market today.
Canadian dollars dropped 7s OF
cent to S33s cents, but the
rate was still we'll above yester-
days low at 811a cents.
Danish kroner dropped back to
their all-time low of 1914 cents,
off .OO5 of a cent from yester-
days close.
British sterling ruled strong
at $685. up 11-16 of a cent and
the franc was quoted at 3.9OH2,
n 90 1-16 of a cent.
Gold transactions at the Fed
eral Reserve Bank yesterday re-
suited in a net loss of $4,401 300
to this country.
The Washington times., 1933-02-02
FOREIGN TRADE
Up IN MONTH

Exports from the United States
during 1882 were lower in value
to every country of the world
excepting Greece and Brazil,
while imports were lower for all
countries but Egypt, the Com
merce Department announced to-
day. -,
In December, however. small
gains were shown in exports to
France, Sweden, Brazil, Colombia,
Uruguay, the Philippine Islands
and Austria. Imports were
higher from Finland, Soviet Rus
sia, Sweden, Central America,
Netherlands, East Indies, the
Philippine Islands, British South
Africa and Egypt.
Total exports for the year were
valued at $1,612,305,000, a de-
crease of $812,OOO,OOO from 1881,
while imports valued at 1892
745, 900 were $768, 8,0O0,00 lower.
The Washington times., 1933-02-02
Liverpool Demand
Is Better for Spot

LIVERPOOL, Feb. 2 QNSO
There was. better demand for
spot cotton at the opening today
with prices barely steady. Re
ceipts totaled $4,000 bales, includ-
ind 1880 American bales.
At midday middling fair was
quoted at 608d; strictly good mid
ding, $3.50; good middling 5.33d;
strictly middling 5.O8d; middling
4.93d; strictly low middling, 4.76d;
low middling, 4.63d; strictly good
ordinary, 4.43d, and good ordinary,
4.12d.
The Washington times., 1933-02-02
HEAVY SELLING
CLIPS PRICES
Of STOCKS
By LESLIE GOULD

NEW YORK, Feb. 2 QNS0
General weakness ruled in the
stock market today as yesterdays
sweeping decline brought heavy
selling into the list.
Losses ran from fractions to
nearly 2 points with. issues like
U. S. Steel preferred, United Air.
craft, American Telephone, Allied
Chemical, Consolidated Gas and
American Can leading the decline.
Heavy Blocks Sold
Trading was active Large
blocks running to more than 5000
shares appeared on the tape, prom
Using q turnover we'll above the
1,,100,000 shares of yesterday.
Aviation stocks were heavily
sold on the congressional attack
on air mail subsidies and the re-
moval of the years appropriation
by the Senate. United Aircraft
slumped nearly 2 points while
aviation of Delaware and North
American Aviation were weak.
Utilities continued under pres
sure. American Telephone hit par
for the first time in months, as
fear grew that directors would cut
the dividend deeply at this
months meeting. Consolidated
Gas broke a point to a new low
for the year.
New Low for Jersey Oil
Standard Oil of New Jersey
suffered another sinking spell on
the omission of the extra, going
to a new 1888 low. U. S. Steel
preferred continued to reflect
liquidation on the drastic divi-
dend cut. Dividend fears brought
heavy pressure on General Motors
and Chrysler, while Auburn was
weak.
Rails gave ground with the rest
after their recent stubborn per-
formance. Bonds, wheat and cot
ton were lower, influenced by
weakness in stocks.
The Washington times., 1933-02-02
Philadelphia Banks
Cut Interest Rate

PHILADELPHIA, Feb. 2.-Maxi,
mum interest rates paid by mem.
ber banks of the Philadelphia
Clearing House Association Com
mittee have been reduced on de-
posits by other banks to u per
cent from l per cent; on deposits
Of mutual savings funds to per
cent from 112 per cent; on de-
mand and time deposits Of less
than 80 days of individuals, firms
and corporations to u per cent
from l per cent, and on time
deposits over 80 days to / per
cent from 2 per cent.
The reductions are effective
February 6.
The Washington times., 1933-02-02
Bache Takes OUer
Meehdn office Here

Frank j. F. Thiel, who has
been in charge of the nj. j. Nee
han brokerage offices in Wash
ington four years. now is man
ager for the firm of j. S. Bache
& Co., which has taken over the
Meehan business here.
Jules S. Bache, founder Of the
firm, and S. M. Otenberg, a
member, both of New York, in
spected the new branch.
The Washington times., 1933-02-02
NeU York Central
Car LOddinQS Drop

NEW YORK, Feb. 2 u.N.SD -
The New York Central reports a
substantial decline in it's traffic
last week. Loading on its own
lines and those received from
connections totaled 76,343 cars,
compared with 82,165 the week
before and 92,9O2 in the same
week last year.
With AtchiSon and other lead
ing railroads reporting smaller
loadings for the week, a sub
stantial decline was indicated in
Saturdays report.
The Washington times., 1933-02-02
CHICAGO LIVESTOCK

CHICAGO. Feb. 2 S).-Hogs,
%, 900; 5Q1Oc lower. Top. $3.50; bulk,
$3@3.4O; heavy, $3@3.35; medium, SO. 20
@35O: light $3.2O@3.5O: light lights.
1910 03.40; packing sows, $3.50 q 3;
pigs, $2.S013.35; holdovers. 1000.
Cattle-6.000; steady Calves, 1900
steady. Beef steers: Good and choice,
$5.5O07; common and medium, $3.50
@5.50: yearlings. $4Q7 Butcher cat
tie: Hefers. $3@6: cows, $2.35@3.75;
bulls, $2.5004; calves. $4.50@7: feeder
steers, $3.50@5.25; stocker steers, SO @
s.; stocker cows and heifers, $2.500
shesp-17oOo; csc lower. Lambs, IS
@6; culls and common. $394: year
linEs. $495; feeders. &45O@5.2s; ewes,
Sl.25@2.75
The Washington times., 1933-02-02
CLOTH MARKET

NEW YORK. Feb. GN.s).-In
only moderately active trading to-
day, prices on major constructions
in the coarse yarn cloths market
remained un h n ged. Continued
strength of mills brought some let
np in the bidding for concessions
under market levels in the print
cloth division, and meanwhile, a
number of sales of moderate guam
titles at full market levels were put
through. While there was no dis
tinct pickup in trading, the pres
ence OF well-defined need for
goods coupled with the strength
shown by mills in the face of recent
ers and sellers alike.
The Washington times., 1933-02-02
DAIRY PRODUCTS

CHICAGO, Feb. sD.--Butter
Receipts S,S15 tubs: steady; old AMI
new cars, 3; creamery extras and
standards, lie; extra firsts, 1910;
specials, 17Ia G1Sc
EEgs-Receipts, 11.S1S cases: steady
old cars, s; new, 10; ordinary. current
receipts. IL l2c; fresh graded extra
firsts, less than cars 121ac; cars, l. y c;
fresh graded firsts, less than cars, 12c;
cars. 121Rc: dirties and checks. loc:
Cheese-Horns and Daisies, 9% 810ci
twins, 9A Qshc; prints, 9% q 1oc.
The Washington times., 1933-02-02
Notes of Smart
Trade Gains

Chicago automobile show
floor sales ahead of those a
year ago.
Jewel Tea Company pays
regular dividend on common
stock.
United Milk Products 1882
net $53,728, against 1881
loss of $1O7,337.
Metropolitan Life 1882 in
come $921,95S,74O; highest
in history.
PepperelI Company sales
gain 2.9 per cent in last six
months.
The Washington times., 1933-02-02
Treasury Offering
Short Term Notes

To meet a maturity of $75,056,-
900 in Treasury bills on February
8 the Government will issue a
similar amount of the same type
security that date, Secretary Mills
announced today. The bills will
be Of 91-day maturity.
The Washington times., 1933-02-02
Curb Suspends Sale
OF Nine Firm Stock

NEW YORK, Feb. 2 G.N.SO-
Trading in common stock of
Metal & Mining Shares Inc, has
been suspended by the New York
Curb Exchange. The board of
governors refused to comment.
The company, now in receiver
ship, was restrained on October
"a, 1880, by the State Bureau of
Securities from further sales of
securities. The company was at
one time controlled by Charles v.
Bob, stock promoter.
The Washington times., 1933-02-02

Canada
New York funds in Montreal, $166.25
premium on $1,000.
Montreal funds in New York, $166.25
discount on $1,000.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1933-03-13
SPANISH YACHT
ARRIVES HERE

The Spanish yacht Heloise, Of
Bilbao. arrived in port yesterday
morning with q party from Miami
and will remain for two days
fishing.
The steamer Cuba sailed satur-
day with 90 passengers. two auto
mobiles and 1853 sacks Of mail for
Havana.
The Florida returned from Ha.
vana 3;95 o'clock with 10 paasen-
gers. i6 aliens and one automo-
bile.
The steamer Colorado. Of tbs
Clyde Mallory Line. due in port
this morning on regular Eehednle
time. will arrive from Hsw YORK.
tomorYow morning. having left
one day late.
The Comal, Of the same line.
will 20 hack on The run between
New Orleans. Key West. Miami
aud Jacksonville, leaving New Or
leans March 81 and arriving ia
Key West March -. This stsp
WslI take the place Of the paU-
nee.
Lighthouse Tender P0inclana
left this morning for CaIdsx Chan
mel TO paint day.maEka and point
eFE.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1933-03-13
TWO SISTERS AT
SARASOTAFOUND
SHOT TO DEATH
POLICE MAKING SEARCH FOR
TWO MEN BELIEVED TO BE
IMPLICATED; AN THER
MAN WOUNDED
tmy Associated Prcssl

SARASOTA. March 13.-Two
Sisters. BERTHE Lee Clients, %, and
Lacey Bell Dyel. 80, were found
shot to death at their home here
today.
Police Immediately instituted a
search for two men known to them
only as Whitley" Rogers and
Blair from Nashville and New
Orleans, respectively.
A man who gave his name as
James Douglas, -, OF Manatee.
was wounded in the thumb when
he attempted to stop the shooting.
He was jailed as q material wit
ness.
Authorities requested police in
all sections of the state TO cooper
ate in the search for the slayers.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1933-03-13
By J. r. BRACKET
tBy Associated Pressl


NEW YORK, March 49,
On or off the gold standard,
the United States has more
gold than any other nation
in the world.
Only four countries-aside
from the United States-are on
the gold standard without restric-
ton. These are France, Belgium,
Switzerland and the Netherlands.
Free use of gold has been stopped
in the United States by the bank
emergency.
World stocks of monetary gold
total about $12,000,00 900. The
United States has a third of this
total; France has a fourth; no
other country has as much as one
billion.
Gold Standard Implies Redemption
Being on the gold standard
means that the unit of a nations
currency and coin is fixed as a
definite weight of pure gold. The
United States dollar equals 1922
grains of it. Maintenance of the
standard pledges the government
to pay money for gold at all times
and to redeem money with gold
at the specified rate.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1933-03-13
DIR. A. c. PRICE
VISITS KEY WEST
MAKING STUDY OF CLIMATIC
CONDITIONS IN TRoPIc-
AL COUNTRIES

Climatic effects on the white
race in the tropical parts Of the
United States and the islands Of
the West Indies and other tropical
countries. is being studied by DR..
A. @. Price, of Brisbane, Austria
liza.
DIR. Price was here for brief
time as the guest Of Bascom L.
Grooms, president of The Key
West Electric Company and was
introduced TO Mr.. Grooms by a
letter from Thomas Barbour, head
of the Museum of Comparative
Zoology, of New York.
While in Key West DIR. Price,
who Is from the Rockefeller Foun-
dalton. in Brisbane, made a num-
er of notes regarding his obser-
vations in this city which will be
added to a comprehensive study
of his subject during his further
travels.
He left for Havana Saturday
and from there will proceed to
other cities on the Island before
leaving for Puerto Rico. Santo
Domingo. Haiti and other trop-
zeal countries.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1933-03-13
II2 BOYS WILL SEE
CHICACO'S FAIR As
GUESTS OF GUILD

Some III lucky boys Of the Unit
ed states ana Canada viii spend
four days at Chlcsgo's 1903 Worlds
Fair IS guests Of the Fisher Body
CraftsTnsn's Guild. In sdsiltton 10
the Century Of Progress trip. nhe
six who rank first ia the co1peti-
ton to decide the elexereSt coach
Dcdeiers win receive university
scholarships worth 500 each
There also will BE- LOO cash awards
Of frum SIS 10 $40 each for the
finest miniature reproductions %
sapoiesn's royal carriage
The Guild tnelade1 1Dl.0D0 boys
Of high seAooi age. II staS exssh-
HsAea Ia 1870 BY the FIsher E09y
eogporafioE 70 saimalats inseFemS tn
erMgtsnanAAsh
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1933-03-13
Immediate Enactment OF
Beer Legislation Asked
By President Roosevelt
my Associated PressD

WASHINGTON, March H.
President Roosevelt, in a surprise
special message today, asked for
immediate enactment of beer leg
islation by congress.
He asked passage of legislation
for immediate modification of the
Volstead Act in order to legalize
the manufacture and sale of beer
and other beverages of such alco-
holie content as is permissible un-
der the constitution, and provide
through such manufacture and
sale by substantial taxes proper,
and much needed revenue for the
government. 81 deem action at
this time will be of the highest
Importance" the president said.
Officials estimate the amount
of taxes expected at more than
100000 annually.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1933-03-13
Over 50, 100000 to,
See World Fair
That's Most Conservative
of the Estimates.

Accepting the minimum estimates
Of the most conservative experts In
such matters, the 1888 Worlds Fair
in Chicago will attract $4,000 visi-
tors every day of the FIVE months
the gates are open, from June / to
November /. That would mean
total of $500. 900 during the A Cen
tury of Progress Exposition.
These experts refer to attendance
at former worlds fairs for statis-
tics on which 10 base their esti-
mates. Those statistics indicate an
average daily attendance equaling
about 10 per cent Of the local pop
ulation.
Basis for Estimates
Ten per cent Of the population OF
Chicago alone-the city proper.
without It's far-reaching suburbs and
the cities and towns included as the
Chicago metropolitan area-would In
sure $50, 900 visitors daily at the Fair.
Include merely the suburbs that
are 30 close to Chicago that they are
part Of the city In all but their To-
cal governments. and the population
total Of 100000 would give an es-
innate OF 100000 guests daily for
the Fair.
Extend the areas to include what
officials of Chicago, Its newspapers
and commerce chiefs call the metro
politan area, and the population
Jumps to around 100000. That
would mean 10000 visitors every
day at the Worlds Fair. II would
mean that 100000 persons WIN
view the exposition between June ]
and November l.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1933-03-13
TAXES ON CHAIN
STORE DECLARED
INVALID TODAY
OPINION HANDED DOWN BY
SUPREME COURT AT WASH
TNCToN IN CASE BROUGHT
UP BY LIGCETT COMPANY
nv Associated Press,

WASHINGTON, March 10
The Florida chain store tax was
declared invalid today by the SUI
preme court in case brought by
the Louis Liggett company and
others. Justice Roberts delivered
the opinion.
The court has upheld taxes on
chain stores in several states, and
Roberts said the Florida tax would
have also been upheld had it not
provided distinctions as TO coun-
ties.
The Glass bank reform bill was
referred by the senate banking
committee to a subcommittee.
The banking committee also de-
cided TO continue Investigations
Of the New York Stock Market.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1933-03-13
Many Banks Reopen Today
Minus Of Any Restriction
tBy Associated Press,

Try Associated Pressl
Many of the nations banks re-
opened without restrictions today,
and everywhere officials report
ed business being done Eat the
right window" Officials say the
fright window" 10 the receiving
teller's window. II is here that de-
posits are made.
Leading the list of those resum-
ing operations under the plan out
lined by President Roosevelt were
members of the federal reserve
system.
Institutions in cities with rec
ognixed clearing houses will open
tomorrow, and banks in smaller
places will follow suit as rapidly
as state or federal authorities can
approve.
Many savings and private insti-
tutions are also doing business
again.
The New York Stock Exchange
has not set the date for resuming
trading.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1933-03-13

I Many countries subscribe to the
requirements of this definition in
part but only France, Belgium,
Switzerland and the Netherlands
subscribe to it fully now.
Gold has been chosen as the
standard of money primarily be-
cause it is commodity universal
ly desired and easily handled. 1t
is desired because it is relatively
scarce. 1t originally became de-
sirable in part because of it's orna-
mental use, but tradition has Civ
en- it additional value.
Gold Measures Money
Gold is simply measuring unit
for money, just as a yard is a
measuring unit for distance. A
dollar-defined always as equal to
1922 grains of pure gold-may
buy more in one year than in an
other.
A dollar could be defined as a
bushel of wheat--in fact, this has
been seriously proposed-or a GER
tain weight of silver, or platinum
or group of commodities. But no
matter what the definition of the
money standard, if that definition
is Interchangeable, it does not de-
termine the purchasing power of
the money. A dollar is always a
dollar in terms of its definition.
The amounts of other things it
will purchase vary with the times.
1t is not absolutely necessary to