davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1933-02-01
Burden of Double Taxation
Leads to National Protest

the taxpayer must see that economy
begins at home If he lives in q city or
town, the municipal budget demands his
attention first. He should study local
fiscal problems carefully to determine
where the money goes; to be able to
decioe intelligently which services can
be dispensed with and which can be
reduced. Having thus informed him
self, the citizen should exert his influ-
ence through his taxpayers league or
other civic organization"
1T is our conviction and that Of
scientific economists" states the Chi
cago Daily News, that the remedy for
tax duplication is to be sought in 6ef-
mite separation of the sources Of revenue
and radical reconstruction of the tax
system. What one Government taxes,
others should let severely alone. For
example, income taxes and death duties.
so called, should be levied by the States.
not by the National Government, while
internal revenue taxes. like customs
duties, should be the recognized pre-
serve of the Federal Government. Such
definite classification would make for
justice, simplicity and administrative
efficiency and for genuine economy. The
present confusion in taxation is one Of
the most formidable obstacles to econ
on1y. Cooperation between the State
and Federal governments is essential to
comprehensive solution of the prob
lem, and the education of lawmakers
is one Of the prerequisites Of co-opera-
tion."
In some States" records the Hazleton
Standard-Sentinel. "as many as four
distinct units of government are filing
their Golfers from the sale Of gasoline.
The levieS total as much as 10 cents a
gallon in some sections, with the Fed
eral, State, city and county governments
all sharing in the spells. Both State
and Federal governments are collecting
income taxes. the combined levies total
ing as much as IS per cent Of the in
come in the higher brackets Inheri-
tance and estate taxes are collected by
both the States and Washington, the
former taking enough to permit sharing
part of the proceeds, with the county
office aiding in their collection"
Evening star., 1933-02-01
Debt Negotiations.

The President-elect's attention doubt
less will be called to the Senate debate
OF yesterday in which criticism was
made by Senator James Hamilton Lewis
of Illinois Of any course which led to
direct and personal negotiation on the
part Of the President-e!ect, now or here
efter, with the representatives of for
c'sn nations owing dcbts to the United
States. The Illinois sena,o-, Demo-
crat and supporter of Mr.. Roosevelt,
drew a parallel between the pitfalls
which might confront the President
elect if such q course were followed and
those into which the late President
Woodrow Wilson actually fell when he
went personally to Europe to deal with
Evening star., 1933-02-01
Plan Proposed to Stop
Foreclosures on Farms
To the Editor of The Star:

To the Editor of The Star:
When credit is denied to an indi-
vidual, economic disaster overtakes
him. A general stoppage of credit
spells national disaster. This is TIE
true cause CT our present situation
Prosperity cannot be restored until
credit again flows freely
In this country there are farm mort
cages aggregating $4,000, 100000. Per-
hapS rs per cent of the debtors need
assistance. Farm loans are foreclosed
principally because of % failure to pay
taxes and (2) failure to pay interest.
Farmers can't pay because their source
OF credit has dried up. The creditor
feels forced to foreclose because each
year Ct forbearance means to him an
increase in these charges If not paid,
the creditor suffers further interest
loss and risk of security through tax
sales. He must protect himself, so
fcrecioses promptly upon default.
II Congress will devise a plan to ad-
vance to farmers merely the interest
payments on the first mortgage. and if
the individual States will abolish de-
llnquent tax penalties and extend the
time limit on tax sales, these farms can
be saved. Creditors do not want farms
they merely want their interest, and
their principal safeguarded. If safe
guarded, they will gladly grant ex-
tensions Of their mortgage.
Such extensions will restore ccnfi-
dence in the rural sections. The farmer.
banker and individual creditors will all
be given a needed breathing spell.
l suggest this method for what it is
worth. Let Congress establish farm
mortgage corporation. Advance now,
en- second mortgage with low interest
rate. sufficient to pay the back interest
on the flrst mortgage and agree to pay
future interest, annually as due, for five
years provided that the first mortgage
creditor grants an extension of the
mortgage for the same period; this
fund to be available only to residents of
those States which abolish accrued tax
penalties and tax interest, and which
will extend the time limit on tax sales,
At the end of five years payment of the
flrst and second mortgages can be ex-
tended If necessary under the same
conditions. The small amounts loaned
on these second mortgages will be q
lien against the farmers equity and the
aggregate of such equities might we'll
support a sound Government bond is
sue attractive to investors, thus saving
an immediate drain on the Treasury
In any event. such a plan would be
vastly superior to the past and present
commodity stabilization plans, which
are hopeless in the face Of the law of
supply and demand.
wish astute business men like Sen
ator Ccuzens and Senator Smoot would
turn this plan over in their minds.
Guarantee the interest payments and
the farms can be saved.
CHARLES w. JONES.
Evening star., 1933-02-01
February.

An old French proverb refers to
February as the worst month of ALL"
and doubtless that view is amply justi-
fled. But, according to a folk notion
ages old. 1t is right and good that the
shortest of the twelve subdivisions of
the annual calendar should be a hard
time. Popular wisdom, on occasion
scientifically correct, holds that tenn
perate February is unreasonable, and
that late Spring may be expected
to result. The Welshman." British
axiom testifies, had rather see his
dam on the bier, than to see q fair
Februeer," and THE shepherd" Ger
man aphorism, records. would rather
see the wolf in his stable at Candlemas
than the SUM-" There must have been
many generations Of experience behind
conceptions as dramatic, as positive as
these.
Shakespeare reflected the accepted
portrait Of the month when, In Much
Ado About Nothing" he wrote Of:
Such February face.
So full of frost, Of storm, Of cloudiness.
And Bryant, representing an Ameri-
can attitude, was faithful to his theme
when, in his Winter Piece" he noted:
The rains
Have glazed the snow and clothed the
trees with ice,
While the slant sun Of February pours
Into the DO bowers food OF light
The incrusted surface shall upbear thy
steps
And the broad, arching portals Of the
grove
Welcome thy entering.
But William Morris was aware Of a
gradual amelioration in the character
Of the month He spoke Of:
Late february days; and now, at last,
Might you have thought that Winter S
woe was past,
So fair the sky was and so soft the air
However snow, ice, cold blasts from
the frozen zone, sudden and drastic
changes from bad to worse comprise
the standard Of February weather
Probably the best that may be said OF
IL - whole Is that 1t marks q certain
fproeEess toward SUMMER daySL
IA NeTertheless. it is worth repeating
Evening star., 1933-02-01
Senator Black S Statement
On Communists Corrected
To the Editor of The atar.

To the Editor Of The Star:
noticed in The Star Of SUNDAY 4
statement of Senator Black of Alabama
to the effect that only two witnesses
had appeared agains this 6-hour day and
30-hour week bill before the Senate
Judiciary Subcommittee.
Says Mr.. Black: "One was a Com
munist who wants to destroy the cap
italist system and the other a repre-
sentative Of the manufacturers associa-
ton, which wants to dominate the labor
demand"
This is q deliberate misstatement
against the Socialist Labor party. Two
Communist representatives appeared
and spoke before that committee, favor
ing short day and short week, but
advocating certain changes or amend
ments in the bill. The man who op-
posed the bill In the name Of labor was
Verne L. Reynolds, and he represented
the Socialist Labor party and not the
Communists. Mr.. Black should rectify
his mistake. HOMER WELLS.
Evening star., 1933-02-01
Payable in Advance.
Member Of the Associated Press,
Japan and the League.

After sixteen weary months, the
League of Nations toyings with the Far
Eastern crisis are approaching finality,
and decision is imminent which will
bring them to q climax Japan's case
for her conduct In Manchuria since
September Is, 1881, seems to have gone
against her While there is no proposal
to invoke League sanctions, the upshot
OF impending action at Geneva is con-
demnation Of the japanese. That it is
50 considered is evident from Toxic
dispatches foreshadowing Japan's with
drawal from the League in protest.
The Sino-Jspanese controversy was
brought to this end by the Leagues
Committee of Nineteen, which was
charged with the task Of formulating
findings based on the Lytton Commis-
sions investigation Of the Manchurian
episode. Appointed as a committee of
Cancellation" it sought to evolve a
settlement satisfactory to both contest
ants and to the League as well. This
pAOfeo AuPScSib1c. AlAc SoPoAcSC AC-
peatedly let it be known that anything
savoring of censure of their action in
Manchuria and its results would be un-
acceptable
Japans attitude found influential sup
port at Geneva, reputedly and primarily
at the hands of Great Britain and
France, but China's position was even
more stubbornly bulwarked by the
smaller powers led by Sweden and Swift
zerland. 1t is they who have finally
prevailed. Twelve tlnGuags abou. u De
promulgated by the Committee Of Nine
teen sustain the Chinese in all essen
tias-O that Japan's action at Muk-
den on September 18, 1881. was not an
act of self-defense; (2) that her subse
quent military measures cannot be ac-
cepted or approved as measures of self
defense; 90 that Manchuria is an in
tegral part of China's territory; (4
that the creation of the State of Man.
chukuo is not to be considered as the
free and independent act of its Chi
nese inhabitants, and (5) that China's
boycott Of Japanese trade Is reprisal
justified by Japan's military action.
Most arresting of all these findings
IS the justification of the Chinese
boycott. The British opposed it to the
end, fearful that it might later become
q precedent to be used against their
own trade in China. But the small
powers, insistent from the outset that
Japan be put on the spot If the League
were to be worth its salt to weaker
states in danger Of aggression, stood
fast for the Righteousness Ct the Chi
nese boycott. The minor countries
bluntly argue that it is impossible for
the League to evade the boycott issue
or to disapprove such q bloodless
weapon against those resorting to
force, particularly since League mem
bers themselves might need to use it
some day against . violator Of the
covenant.
There Is bit Of irony in the revela-
tion that while the big, powerful League
of Nations could not summon the will
or the courage to boycott Japan on
its own account, it Ii perfectly willing
that weak, defenseless China should
enact the role of Jack the Giant-Killer.
Perhaps in the long run 1t will be lust
as effective.
Evening star., 1933-02-01
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN.

fiation exists. Controlled imitation pro-
vides for additional currency up to the
limit, but not beyond. Dedation means
rapid retirement Of paper money. de-
creasfng the amount outstanding and
raising the reserve in proportion. Re-
f1ation means restoration to a greater
volume after deflation has contracted
money too much.
@. May relative act as witness for
one securing citizenship papers?-B. c.
A. This depends on the court. Wit
nesses must be acceptable to the court
where application for citizenship pa
pers Is made.
q. How many States have State
birds?-D. H.
A. Forty-three States and the Dis
tr1ct OF Columbia have adopted State
birds.
@. Which are the English cathedrals
OF the "Old Foundation"?--G. T.
A. York, London, Lincoln, Lichfield,
Hereford. Exeter, Salisbury, Wells and
Chichester.
O. What IS the origin Of the express
SIGN, 1T would take Philadelphia law
yer to straighten It out"?-R. M. P.
A. There appear to be many different
opinions as to its origin. John Peter
Ienger, proprietor OF newspaper Of
Albany, was indicted for criminal libel
and was successfully defended by An
drew Hamilton. a Philadelphia lawyer,
In 1855. The case was epoch-making,
as Hamilton established for all time
the principles Of free press and free
speech, to which the law of libel should
De forever SubServient. The New Eng
land folks have q saying: Three Phil
adelphla lawyers are a match for the
very devil himself" This is taken
from the Salem Observer Of March 13,
1924.
@. May tariff measure originate in
the Senate?-P. NJ.
A. Since the tariff is classed as a
revenue measure, 1t must, under the
provisions Of the Constitution, orig.
mate in the House of Representatives.
@. What was the average attendance
at the stadium events of the Olympic
Games In Los Angeles?-S. K.
A. The average attendance was 50,-
600 q day, but the record attendance
was $50, 900 present for the opening and
closing ceremonies.
@. Where are the most books pub
lished in the English language?-F. G.
A. In England. Last year English
publishers brought out 1888 new books
compared with 9,035 in the United States.
In 1881 England published 1853 new
volumes, compared with 10,307 in the
United States. 1t is estimated that,
through use of Libraries and purchased
books. the English people,. although
numbering only one-third as many as
the Americans. read $4,000, 900 books a
year. Circulating libraries are popular.
The figures do not include the English
| language books published in Canada,
Australia and other parts of'the British
Empire.
O. How old was Judge Lindsey when
he became head Of the Juvenile Court
| of Denver. Colo &C. E. H
A. Benjamin Barr Lindsey was born
in Jackson. Tenn. November 25. 1859.
His appointment to head the Juvenile
Court CT Denver was made in 1900, and
he was elected in 1901. He was
then 80.
@. Did Rome have more than one
Forum?-J. P.
A Rome had many. The one most
familiar today is the Forum Romanum,
but several of the other great Fora OF
Rome were those of Caesar, Augustus,
Nerva, Trajan, Vespasian and the
Forum of Appii, which was largely used
as stopping place for pilgrims or others
journeying to Rome.
Evening star., 1933-02-01

the peace nesotiators at the close Of The
World War.
When . President Of the United
States himself undertakes to bs . ne
gotiator Of important settlements be-
tween this and other governments
experience has taught this country that
he loses certain advantage which he
might otherwise retain through nego-
tiations conducted by representatives
Of this Government. Obviously these
representatives in . sense must speak
for the President. But with them In
the. fleld Of negotiation, the President
retains at once . personal aloofness
and leeway that Is naturally Of great
value. A President Of the United
States may, 1t is true, issue An ulti-
matum with considerable force, as did
the late President Roosevelt when he
sent word to the Moroccans I'm terse
language: "Perdicaris alive or Raisuli
dead"
The warning from the Senate may
have reached the President-elect In
time. So far Mr.. Roosevelt has ap-
parently done nothing beyond agreeing
that this Government would receive
representatives Of the debtor nations
and learn their proposals with regard to
the debts. He has not indicated that he
himself would deal with these foreien
negotiators. although that has been the
implication IN Z number Of dispatches
received from Warm Springs, where the
Presdent-elect Is now visiting.
Back Of the Senate warning to Mr..
Roosevelt that 1t would be inadvisable
for him to conduct debt negotiations
personally lay a plain statement that
the Senate, as part of the Congress
which must deal with the debts, has
no intention of laying aside its ultimate
authority in the matter Of the debts
While the executive branch of the Gov
eminent, headed by the President may
negotiate debt settlement, it may not
finally conclude the settlement. That
Is a power reserved to Congress. The
unfortunate part Of the matter, how
ever, lies in the fact that If the Pres
ident Of the United States. after March
4, should indicate to the debtor nations
that they would not be expected to
settle their debts but might In some
degree avoid them. the peoples Of the
foreign nations would no longer regard
these debts as a moral obligation to
the United States.
The countries of Europe learned, it
is true, that the Chief Executive of
the United States cannot always speak
for the Government of this country
when the Senate rejected the Versailles
peace treaty and the League Of Nations
covenant. But in the case of these debts,
which some Of the nations seem to
have even now determined not to pay,
the attitude of a President Of the United
States would be seized upon avidly as
an excuse for failing to make any fur
ther payment to this country. As Sena-
tor Lewis. and also Senator David A.
Reed Of Pennsylvania. have pointed out.
the situation now disclosed with regard
to the foreign debts due America is
one in which the President-elect must
OF necessity watch his step.
Evening star., 1933-02-01

it VIII not be surprising II he is assigned
to Washington between posts to take an
active part in next months debt nego-
tiations. Sir John and Lady Frederick
were uncommonly popular members Of
Capital society and no foreigner ever
knew his American economic onions
more thoroughly than the hrawny Ang-
Io-Irishman who served here through
out the world War.
(oopyrisht. 1g33.)
Evening star., 1933-02-01

that the seasons are very truly SUBJ
ject to the control Of human thought
in that they may be frightened OF
darkened In accord with the psyche
logical attitude Of those who are living
through them. Like other things. they
are largely what mankind makes OF
them. The robust spirit Of . race
which has refused to be discouraged
has nothing to fear from even the
cruelest Of February storms.
Evening star., 1933-02-01

However ruthless the so-called King.
fish may be in seizing prominence In
the public eye, it needs no caricaturist
to dash any latent hope of his ever
taking a prize in a beauty contest.
Evening star., 1933-02-01

The unemployment situation is being
closely studied by Henry Ford. Unem-
ployment is a poor salesman for auto
mobiles as for other articles of COM
merce.
Evening star., 1933-02-01

One OF the distinctions enjoyed by
Adolf Hitler is his historic demonstra-
ton that a man may wear a Charley
Chaplin mustache and stin be most
serious
Evening star., 1933-02-01
SHOOTING STARS.
BY PHILANDER JOHNSON.

Unheeded Instruction
We hop or We hobble. The world seems
to wobble
Through dates that DISTINGUISH the
bygone from now.
They're trying to fx it by bold inse
d!xit,
And dear Uncle Jim, he keeps tellin'
EN- how.
With epithets hectic and methods eclec-
tic
They keep on debating and raising q
Though plainly they need to, they never
give heed to
My wise Uncle Jim, who keeps tellin'
'em how.
The problems are painful. We can't
be disdainful
OF those who show power in frequent
pow-wow.
And the job that seems easy and simple
and breezy
Is Uncle Jim's, when he keeps tellin'
EN- how.
Evening star., 1933-02-01

China has at least one slight advan-
tage over Japan with reference to en-
durance. 1t has been more accustomed
to all kinds of trouble.
Evening star., 1933-02-01

Appointment Of Hitler was one Of
Hlndenburg's easiest tasks. Hitler
needed no persuasion.
Evening star., 1933-02-01
Modern Monte Cristo.

Modern Monte CYisto.
The aviator's bold design
Defies the passing breezes.
He simply says THE world is mine,"
And drops down where he pleases
II envies dat old mule pe mine" said
Uncle Eben. HE stmplyAas to be fed
whether I u or not"
Evening star., 1933-02-01
Transaction,

xI4u88Ctl0n.
$50 you bought back your farm for
nickel!' said the sheriff.
"Yes," answered Farmer Corntossel
I'm just goin' up to pay my money"
"Limme see the nickel"
"Here it isl
"Well, won't say anything about 1t
this time, but don't let it happen again.
I ought to arrest you for passin' coun-
terfeit money"
ITO leave . heritage Of implacable
dissension to posterity," said HI Ho. the
sage Of Chinatown. Through war We
may sentence them to 1ne and impris-
onment and even capital punishment"
Evening star., 1933-02-01
Talking on Overhead.

Taking on Overhead.
The farmers land was sold for taxes
Says he Now bring your plows and axes
You've got the job. You cannot shirk it
Pay me for showtn' how to work It,"
Evening star., 1933-02-01

Jud Tunkins says playin' politics Is like
playin' the piano. Your audience walks
out II you keep hamnerin' out the same
old tunes.
Evening star., 1933-02-01
Comforting Assurance.

OVmIofS SIHg ASSURANCE.
Anyhow" said Senator Sorghum
recent legislation has made the future
seem little more comfortable to me-"
Are you having things your own
way?"
Not altogether. But I'm at least as
sured that there Is no chance Of my
having to suffer the embarrassment Of
figuring as q lame duck"
Evening star., 1933-02-01

@. Did Rome have more than one
Forum?-J. P
A. Rome had many The one most
familiar today is the Forum Romanum,
but several of the other great Fora OF
Rome were those of Caesar. Augustus.
Nerva, Trajan, Vespasian and the
Forum of Appii. which was largely used
as a stopping place for pilgrims or others
journeying to Rome.
Evening star., 1933-02-01

Washington is much interested in late
news that Sir John Broderick, for so
many years commercial adviser and
later, commercial secretary of the Brit
ish embassy. may be named one Of John
Bulls debt negotiators In the United
States. Recently British minister to
Cuba, Sir John has just been appointed
Ambassador to Argentina-with which
Great Britain has aAtrade and financial
ailiance-but London dispatches report
Evening star., 1933-02-01
. Editor
The Evening Star Newspaper Company

1Ith st. and Pennsylvania Ave
New York once: ITO East 41nd st.
Chicago once: Lake Michigan Building.
European once: IA Regent St.. London.
England.
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1933-01-05


former chief justice and premier
under the outgoing government.
who played a leading part In the
overthrow Of the dictatorship.
Alessandri's right-hand man will
be Gustavo Ross. who spent many
years in exile in France with the
President Elect Ross is financier
and has been offered the post OF
finance minister. He is now on his
way back from London, where he
negotiated a secret pact with the
Rothschild bankers.
THERE seems little doubt that
i the crushing of the abOrtive at
tempt of the radicals of Argentina
TO overthrow the government saved
that country from veritable reign
of terror. When former President
Irigoyen and his associates were ar
rested the police seized documents
that show the city of BuenOs Aires
was to be turned over TO released
criminals and terrorists who were
TO be permitted to loot and kill
without hindrance. Quantities of
bombs and hand grenades were
found. and papers that revealed a
plan to provide 30 or 40 bombs for
each participant In the uprising
frigoyen was sent to the island of
Martin Garcia.
d. 1882 Western Newspaper Union
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1933-01-05

" Hill "Ooio
die that matter and also take part
in the general economic conference
and the conference on disarm-
ament. holding that the three ques-
lions were inextricably connected.
The commission. he said. could dis,
cuss with the debtor nations trade
and other concessions and reduc.
ton of ornaments In exchange for
the scaling down of the debts Mr..
Hoover said he would ask Mr..
Roosevelt to help In the selection Of
the members of the commission and
otherwise cooperate. for he real
lied no settlement could possibly be
concluded until long after his own
term had ended
Governor Roosevelt called Owen
ID. Young into conference. and after
talking for two hours with that EN-
inent banker and reparations ex-