davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-05-20

executives Leading insurance
got salary increase between 1929 and 1922
Of companies for So to 80 week
Professor Woman OF Columbia Uni
yersy this crisis and particularly
exceeded
wage Total paid
have purchasing has dropped
the country reaching sOoOOoo And this
figured mott include small companies
thousands at one or TWO
20 to rs cents hour for
weekly of less than $500 week
for 3day week The average
wage for ALL alroa is than $1,000
Railroad the following annual salaries
Willard, and Ohio 10000
W. w. Atebury, Pennsylvania 100000
$4,000
salary Of the railroad president
being above $65oJ0 a
economies" in workers and
working hours
ased the The First National Bank
Of Just o workers again.
president
HI larry
IN mills starvation
paid follows
president ncludng bonuses OF
100000 Burck gets $4,000 Lewis gets $4,000
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-05-20
Many Cities
Report Price
Increases
CIothing MhoIesaIe Prices up

NEW YORK, May 19.-Prices at
wholesale are advancing steadily and
are expected to cross the levels Of
1881 soon, it was announced today at
the meeting Of the Affiliated Cloth
ieEs Association.
Clothing prices have increased 10
per cent in the last three weeks, it
was announced by M. Elmer, the
president of the Association, which
represents over $50 clothiers from all
over the country.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-05-20
Articles of Steel in for Rise

PITTSBURGH, May 19.-An ad-
vance of per cent in the price of
magnesite and chrome refractories
used in building metal smelling fur
naces is reported by the General Re-
Factories Co. and the HARRISON Wal
ker Refractories Co. This will raise
the price of all steel products.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-05-20
Shoes Cost More

ST. LOUIS, May 19.-The Interna-
tional Shoe Co. has announced anoth-
er increase in the price of shoes, ad-
vancing their prices to Is cents a
pair. The president Of the company
has stated that this increase does
not cover the increased costs which
have developed as a result Of price
rises in the leather markets. This
means that there will have to be fur
Their increases in the selling price Of
shoes in the near future
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-05-20
Marx Lays Bare Exploitation
OF Labor by Capital

Wage-Labor and Capital. Karl Marx.
With an Introduction by Engels.
international Publishers. As PIP.
10 cents.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-05-20
BIG SALARIES MOVE UP,
WORKERS WAGES DROP

There are no rich Charles Schwab We all are
crisis said Roosevelt The Following FAILS so" w
true
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-05-20
DEVELOP ACTIONS AND
PROTESTS AGAINST
FEDERAL SALES TAX

The sales tax means rise in the cost of living
The sales tax means new indirect wage-cut.
The sales tax means a smaller loaf of bread.
Evening star., 1933-04-11
Beauty Time-Savers in Paris.

To reduce the amount Of time re-
quired on treatments in shops or at
home. beauty short cuts" are being
introduced in Paris. Elaborate evening
coiffures, which take hours to build up
with q woman's own hair, are obtained
in q similar way by means of closely
fitting wigs. Sets of detachable nails,
which may be slipped over the real ones
and thus save the trouble Of tinting and
polishing, are becoming popular.
Evening star., 1933-04-11

Across.
!. Lattice-work structure.
IS Woman of brave spirit.
16 Walker.
IT. Refined.
18. Hairy.
19. Periphery.
20. Redistributed.
%. The linden.
23 Disable.
rs. Dared.
26. To grease.
27. Caper.
%. Moisten.
80. Quadruped of India.
81. Recurring every year,
33. Funeral song.
IS. To lament.
SO. The self.
81. One who joins together.
Al. One who covers.
As. Shipping container.
46. Letter of the Greek alphabet.
48. Song of sorrow.
40. network OF nerves.
so. Clever.
So. Kind of vehicle for carrying coal in
a mine.
"a. Manifesting indifference to pleasure
or pain.
Sc. Thrice: music.
ST. Upper part Of wall.
SO. The monkshood.
81. Obliteration.
g. Located.
63. Narrator.
"a. Having a stern.
Down.
I. Warm springs.
@ Having confidence.
g. Anchoret.
4. Tale of ships trip
g. Deceiver.
Evening star., 1933-04-11
Three Geese on Floe Depart,

Budapest, Hungary, is mourning the
sudden departure Of three guests which
were entertained for 10 days under q
bridge in the heart Of the city. They
were three geese which had foated
down the Danube on an ice foe until it
was stopped by ice under the bridge.
Crowds swarmed the bridge to throw
food to the visitors, which soon be-
came the talk Of Budapest. On the
eleventh day the frost broke, and the
cackling travellers swirled down the
river toward the Black Sea.
Evening star., 1933-12-17
BY MARK SULLIVAN.

-o SPEAK Of the coming session
of Congress in terms OF Demo
cratic VS.. Republican Is PROB
Il able unescapable-but 1t Is "
terlv misleading. To discuss
American politics at all in those terms
is as meaningless as to discuss tnein .
in terms of pro-slayery anu aii'i-
slavery, or Tory and Wing.
What is going on is a tug-of-war
between two sets of forces pulling upon
the American form of social structure
and the Democratic form OF govern
ment. one of the groups trying to keep
America approximately what 1t mas
been, the other group pulling us To-
ward an adjective for which tne Only
practicable description is "Collect1vlsm m
I dislike using the word Russian pc
cause it has come to have in part the
quality of an epithet. I dislike 10 use
the term for a second reason: tne
ultimate form of social structure toward
which certain forces and certain ieaoers
are trying to carry the United Sta1es
is not exactly that which Russia now
has. In the words Of one OF tne
leaders toward the new ideal, Pro1: rex
ford G. Tugwell, now Assistant SecIe,
tary of Agriculture, the form OF social
structure toward which he ana otnelS
are quickly carrying us Is new modei,
not completely analogous to any sys-
TEN which ever before existed. TO
the average man, however, not familiar
with the 'terminology Of social science,
Russian" describes more nearly than
any other word the form OF social or
Evening star., 1933-12-17
NEXT CONGRESS TO FACE
FIGHT FOR COLLECTIVISM
Advocates of Changes in Social Structure
Keep Russia in Mind,
Observer Says.

ganization toward more nearly than any
other word the form Of social organlza-
tion toward which we are moving. RUS
sian" is not seriously inexact. The es-
sence of the ideal of the new group
is Russia. Russia Is consciously in their
minds and many of the fundamental
details of their ultimate ideal, such as
the elimination of private profit. are
identical with fundamental details OF
the Russian system.
Yet, in still another way. the term
Russian is misleading. As it hap
pens, while the Russian system is the
objective of the group OF men and
forces pulling America toward change,
the situation at Washington just now
is such that I think there will be an
intermediate phase. Assuming that In
the present tug-of-war the forces OF
change should win, assuming that the
forces trying to hold America toward
the cid traditional form of social
structure lose the contest-aSsuming
that this happens, in that event, ]
think the next phase will be analogous
to Italian FasciSm rather than the
Russian system. But the Russian form
Of organized society Is the objective
of the leaders toward change.
This conflict is under way. Yet on
the surface what does one see? A
House of Representatives in which 3ls
members have after their names the
letter 3D." meaning Democrat, and
lit members have the letter "R,
meaning Republican. On the surface
the only hint Of innovation lies In the
members of the House who have
! CONTINUED on Fifth Page.)
Evening star., 1933-12-17
Backbone of European Depression
Definitely Broken, Geneva Reports

with that of 1929, dropped, respectively,
58.2 per cent and sos per cent.
Since foreign trade reveals but one
side of a country's economic condition,
a glance at domestic trade, revealed in
goods carried by railways and inland
waters, is enlightening.< Latest reports
from most European capitals show that
the situation continues to improve.
Taking few widely scattered countries
as examples, the following increases in
traffic September compared with
ApriD are representative:
Hungary, Is per cent; Czechosloyakia
1873 per cent; Poland, 1877 per cent;
Italy, 80 per cent.
Holland, 219 per cent; France, SO
per cent; Belgium, 27.l per cent; Ger
many, 20 per cent.
Loadings at, the principal German
ports increased 20 per cent over the
four-month period between April
August while those of British ports
gained 217 per cent over the same
period.
INQUIRIES conducted by experts of the
International Labor Bureau into real
and money wages, living conditions,
etc, tell an interesting story.
Wages (the actual amounts OF money
paid to workers by the hour or by the
week. have fallen In many countries.
On the other hand. real wages (the
purchasing power of money in food
stuffs. clothing and necessities) have
risen.
Money wages decreased, or appear to
be decreasing, in Poland, Canada, Fin
land, Japan. Australia, Sweden, Luxem-
bourg, France, Latvia, Denmark, Switz-
erland. Great Britain and Czechoslo-
valxia. They have remained unchanged
in South Africa, Rumania and New
Zealand.
AS for real wages-they have in
creased perceptibly in the United
States, Great Britain, New Zealand,
Switzerland, Czechoslovakia, Sweden
and South Africa.
In few instances-the United States,
Italy and Holland-both the wages paid
/ workers and the purchasing power OF
those wages nave risen.
! While, as a whole, the worlds econ
omic and Industrial situation is more
optimistic than it has been in four
years, there are still dark clouds on the
horizon. The new year approaches
with the political atmosphere murky.
/ Disarmament, through which the tax
payers Of civilized countries expected
to save several billion dollars annually,
has proved abortive. Financial stabil-
| ity is yet to be attained. Trade re-
strictions and tariff walls are still rising
instead of being torn down.
Upon the ability Of statesmen and
governments to solve these problems
depends almost entirely the speed with
---'-'"', cccncmic normalcy will return.
Evening star., 1933-12-17

the civilization Of softer people, the
British and the French particularly
AS a consequence, We can dare take
risks from which they ought to recoil."
Wealthier Glasses Most Peaceful.
Such frame of mind deserves to be
given its due weight in the calculation
of the odds 1t may be of interest to
add that the military theory pro-
pounded by Gen. Won Seckt and other
German strategists-that the next war
might prove violent and of a short
duration, as it should be mainly waged
at the outset, and possibly with de-
cisive results by professional soldiers,
making use Of exceptionally destructive
weapons-works in the same direction
Having thus investigated that first
item of our catalogue of belief. the only
safe conclusion We can formulate is
that in Europe the wealthier-that is,
the conservative classes are likely to
prove the most peaceful of ALL But it
cannot be inferred from this that they
would succeed in warding of the
catastrophe. As a set-off, the revolu-
tionary forces, the Third International.
which is keeping quiet for the time
being. on account Of the inveterate
helplessness Of Soviet Russia. might
mo useful purpose can be achieved
through the use of warfare. No Euro
pean state can benefit by a military
victory"
That doctrine has been abundantly
expressed of late years in France, in
England and in America. AS matter
of fact. il is old. very old. To my
knowledge. it was first circulated as
early as 1863 by French philosopher
and sociologist of great fame, Proud
hon, in his two volumes. War and
Peace" Proudhon maintained that on
the European Continent the various
national consultations had been per-
fected to such a degree that permanent
changes of frontiers were hopeless. In
other words. he felt that victorious
state could be compared to a creditor
who gets in payment check which he
cannot cash. The victories OF the
future, he thought. would be of
strictly economic character; the various
nations had better not try to aim at
ANYTHING more than economic triumph.
I don't believe that such an assertion
can be substantiated in the light of the
most recent experience.
Eastern Europe Is Plastic.
It is true that in Western Europe the
various nationalities are made of such
a hard steel that they can hardly be
deforriled or amputated by annexation:
For instance, it cannot be conceived
BY the widest stretch of the imagina-
ton. that Germany should annex, for
instance, the northern districts OF
France. or France should annex a
region of Italy or of Switzerland or OF
Spain, etc.
However. such a line OF reasoning
ought not to be pushed too far. In
Alsace-I Iorraine, In the Flemish part OF
Belgium Germany would ind &C
complices. as would Italy in the
southeastern zone of France. But In
Evening star., 1933-12-17

Western Europe the Proudhon theory
is roughly supported by facts, within
certain limits.
But Eastern Europe is to be COM
pared to a piece of clay in the hands
of the potter, since in that part of the
continent nationalists have not, by far,
reached the stage of full manhood.
They still can be reshaped and dis
tracted. Eastern Europe, from that
point of view, is still where Western
Europe was in the middle ages, when
by the simple working of feudal anegi-
ance, whole territories could be trans
ferred, apparently without any very
material resistance, from Germanlc
to Latin rule, and conversely.
In the dominion of the Hapsburgs, as
it existed until the end of 1918, 19,0oo,-
900 Germans and Magyars coerced un-
der their rule $4,000, 900 Czechoslovaks,
JugoSlavs, Rumanians, Poles and Lu-
thenians. All those heterogeneous
their distinctive souls against the i'm
pact of what was to them a foreign
authority (the great war really arose
from the state of affairs), but it can
not be said that they were entirely sue
CeSSful. as was shown by the pleblSClte
that was offered in the region OF Klag-
enturth by the peace treaties
Victories Hold Old Values.
The Balkans have an ethnic plas-
ticity even greater than that of the
Danube country: it can be said that
Macedonia will be assimilated by any
power that is given so years for the
work
To sum up. in a third. if not in
half of Europe. military victories are
likely to retain their old value. But If
military victories retain their old value
in the East and possibly in the center
of the old continent, they Stln are an
accomplishment that may be deemed
worth its while by every great nation.
Were the Germanic Mittel Europa sys-
tenn to threaten to take concrete form
France might think she has a vital
interest in checking it because Ger
man empire that included the Slav
populations of the Danube country
would seriously jeopardize her security
Rothermere thinks otherwise. He
advises that France and Britain con-
clude a defensive alliance between
themselves and let eastern Europe go
grist mill. Thus, he believes, the zone
of warlike operations might be cir
cumscribed by a new kind OF Roman
wall Were his advice followed I am
afraid European peace would succumb
as a whole; after a while, either
through resistance Of Slavs to oppres-
sors or through the huge military
power that those oppressors would be
able to marshal against the democra-
cies in the west, which they would re-
gard as potential danger to their own
ideals. After all, day may come when
war will be waged for the sake not only
of territorial possessions but OF the
political institutions which rule over
men
remember that about 1926 friend
of mine woman who enjoys the repu-
Evening star., 1933-12-17
i. S. Trade Gains Grow

out wage-chiseling and other unfair
practices which hitherto have destroyed
profit possibilities. 1t should also be
cies much more effectively, and conse-
quently avert fluctuating periods Of
feast and famine which have charac-
terized textile manufacture in the past.
The most encouraging thought Is
that in the future profits may not nee
essarily depend solely upon volume Of
business"
Aerenautical Field
Has Visions Of Improvements.
George F. Mclaughlin, editor Aero
Digest, New York-"Business prospects
in the aeronautical field for the coming
year appear more favorable than in the
last two or three years. The growth
of air travel. due in some measure to
the several new and improved types of
transport planes used on practically all
the major airlines, has been especially
apparent in the last nine months.
Greater volume of air express is now
being sent than ever before and much
increased business is expected in this
branch Of commercial aviation. Aero
nautical exports to South America have
taken on decidedly favorable aspects
and announcements have been made
that airplane manufacturing plants will
be established by American manufactur-
ers in Russia and China.
"The Government has appropriated
money for improving and establishing
new airports throughout the United
States. This will necessitate the pur-
chase of much new equipment"
Used Car Clause
VIII Help Automobile Dealers.
w. G. Callahan. managing editor.
Automotive Daily News, Detroit-"From
sales outlook standpoint the morale
Of the automobile dealer organization
as whole has been greatly strengthen
ed through adoption of the National
Automobile Dealers Association code.
This code, particularly the used car
clauses. when in full operation will do
much to cut down the usual dealer
losses In this direction.
1.-THE factories have como to under
stand that the dealer is their direct
contact with the public and the welfare
of the factory is closely tied up with
the welfare Of its dealers. With this
in mind, factories have curtailed their
shipments to dealers to such an extent
that at the present time dealers stocks
of new cars are perhaps at the lowest
level they have ever reached since used
cars became the real problem in the
industry.
This almost complete absorption of
dealers stock will result In better con-
ditions for dealers in the early part Of
next year. There will be practically no
cleanup OF carry-over models which in
past years have cost the dealers rea.
motley.
at is very likely that the production
this year will reach the two million
mark. Just what the increase over that
will be during 1884 is difficult to say
until conditions are more certain in
general business. I am inclined, how
ever, to agree with those who hold that
next year win equal If not exceed the
2,500, 900 mark"
(Copyright. 1898. by North American News-
paper Alliance, Incl
Evening star., 1933-12-17

(Continued From First Page.)
month periods Of 1882 Untabulated
reports for the fourth quarter-October,
November and December-of 1888 IN"
dicate that the gains will be maintained
surveys of domestic trade likewise re-
veal that the gain has been general in
most countries and that the advance
revealed in foreign trade IS renecteo
I,roportionately in internal industrial
sctivity.
Fifteen Countries Show Gain.
The countries where both exports
and imports gained perceptfbly during
the Summer and Autumn months OF
1898. as compared with the same
months in 1882, are Great Britain, Bel
ciurn, Brazil, Japan, Chile, Denmark
Esthonia, Argentina, Finland, Greece,
Yugoelavia, Hungary, Latvta, Portugal
and the United States.
There were nine other countries
where imports rose CONSIDERABLY put
exports remained stationary or de-
creased slightly. They were South
- Africa Australia, Canada, France, Aus
Switzerland.
Five countries-Holland, Italy, Nor
nav. Poland and Rumania-increased
their exports without adding to their
imports. -Four others-Bulgaria, Spain,
germany and hoslovakia-reported
losses in both exports and imports dur
ing the Summer of 1888, as compared
with the year previous, but trade was
better than it had been earlier in 1888.
railway car loadingS during the Sum-
ner months were Is per cent higher
than they had been in the Spring, and
in Germany 208 per cent higher.
Both countries also show great i'm
provement in their unemployment sit
uation. Latest authoritative figures
show that Germany's idle, which
reached 6,0l3,000 early in the year
dropped to 3,849. 900 by October.
A composite picture drawn from sta
tistics furnished by 49 countries, Whose
commerce amounts to nine-tenths o.
the world total, shows that between
April and September imports increased
80 per cent and exports 10 per cent
an average gain in trade OF more than
per cent in five months. The averagI
drop In exports and imports OF the SAM
countries between 1929 and 1882 wa!
so per cent.
The production of iron and steel i
another accurate gauge for neasurinl
general prosperity since these com
n1odities reflect the condition of man!
diversified industries. Steel production
increased 42.8 per cent between Apri
and August: cast iron production
tunped 43.7 per cent over the same pc
rod. The average monthly production
Of steel and iron In 1892, as compare
Evening star., 1933-12-17
Continued From First Page }

Continued From First Page.)
out machinery during the last four
log to fill to equip our industries"
Autom0tive Prospects
Brightest Since Debacle Of 1929.
James Dalton, editor, Motor. New
York-"At the dawn of 1884 prospects
for the automotive industry as whole
are brighter than at any time since
the 0ebacle of 1929. Substantial gains
have been made this year with an ad-
vance of fully Is per cent over 1882,
the leanest period since the motor car
came into general use. Unless there
is another economic collapse, regarded
as improbable, the advance will be
continued.
Demand for equipment Of all kinds,
original and replacement, will be sub
Stantially larger. The same will be
true of maintenance and repair services
of various types because Of longer use
of both cars and trucks"
Meat Packing Business
Depends on Federal Program.
Paul I. Aldrich, editor, the National
Provisioner, Chicago@"Outlook for the
meat packing industry in 1884 parallels
the outlook of general business and en-
ployment Perhaps no industry is so
Immediately affected by the general en-
ployment situation as that of food, and
Of the food industries meat is a direct
reflector Of the degree of labor employ
ment. 1t is the worker who consumes
the greatest amount of meat per capita.
while demand is the dominating
factor in the outlook, the supply factor
is of almost as great Importance. Meat
not only domestic buying power was at
a low ebb, but when the export outlet
was curtailed sharply. In the early
counted for much of the surplus meat
and fat produced in this country and
aided materially In maintaining a fair
price level
"If success attends the Government
program for removing the live stock
surplus from the market through the
A. A A, and of increasing employment
and buying power through the N. r. A,
the meat packing industry with its sup
Elementary live stock production and
meat distribution industries can look
forward to more prosperity in 1884 than
has been experienced since the pre-de-
preston years"
Greater Stability
Seen in Textile Industry.
Douglas G. Woolf, editor, Textile
World. New York: "The textile indus
| try will end 1893 with a record of ac-
tivity more than IS per cent over 1892,
and slightly above what might be
! termed a normal year for the last
decade. It will enter 1884 with great
er expectation of stability and profit
ableness than it has experienced any
New Year in the last several years.
This promise comes not only from
the realization that there is still large
latent demand for textiles which has
| not been filled, and that consumers
should possess an increased ability next
year to fill those needs. but from the
belief that operation under the N. r. A.
codes will enable the industry to stamp
Evening star., 1933-12-17

(Continued From First Page)
Evening star., 1933-12-17
BY RExFoRD GUY TUGwELL.

e: F. :: !: e E.; F.: F.: !; !! :; !: !: 81
Evening star., 1933-12-17
BY PERTINAX.

\ N NOVEMBER II, the fifteenth
1 anniversary of the armistice,
] a statue Of Aristide BRAND
y was unveiled in the village of
Pacv-Sl1r-E1lre where the late
Evening star., 1933-12-17

Continued on Fifth Page.)
Evening star., 1933-12-17

the civilization Of softer people, the
British and the French particularly
AS a consequence, We can dare take
risks from which they ought to recoil."