Evening star., 1933-07-09

only country making extensive use OF
high temperature cooling liquids.
In the air-cooled airplane engine field
the United States is producing engines
of greater power than any air-cooled
engines In the world and is coupling
this greater power with lower specific
weights, smaller specific displacements,
higher brake mean effective pressures''
and higher compression ratios than
anything Of comparative horsepowers
known abroad.
The study shows that the United
States Government Is exacting more
rigid test requirements of its airplane
engines than any other country. The
present type test through which this
Nations airplane engines must pass be-
fore receiving Department of Commerce
approval requires 67la hours Of opera
ton at full throttle, as compared with
only hours of full-throttle operation
in France, Sc hours in England and
l hour and IS minutes in Italy. This
country requires, in addition to the
full-throttle runs, 81h hours running
at part throttle, as compared with re-
quirements Of 100la hours Of part
throttle operation In France, - hours
in England and 152 hours In Italy, IN
asmuch as ful1-throttle operation Is
infinitely more destructive than part.
throttle running, this country's test re-
qu1rements are regarded as much more
severe than any foreign requirements.
Foreign Engines Larger.
Europe has produced by far the
largest engines for airplane racing pur-
poses, most important among them the
British Rolls-Royce 1881 engine with a
rating Of 1890 brake horsepower at
Z 1fv,fr ny-;k
ish Napier Lion VII B, with q maxi
mum rating of 875 horsepower at $500
revolutions per minute; the French
Renault IL Ncr, rated at 1872 brake
horsepower at 1000 r. pm; the French
Farman 18 T, rated at 1,4e0 horsepower
at $500 r. p m, and the italian Fiat
A-S-6, with a rating OF $500 brake
horsepower at 5000 r. p. m.
For purposes Of the Army's compari-
son, however, these racing engines were
not included, since they lack the en-
durance qualities necessary for service
use in the military airplanes.
There IS at the present time nc
known practical service type OF engines
operating at 1000 horsepower or more
anywhere In the world, with the pos
Slble exception Of the British Rolls
Royce and Italian Hispano-Suiza 10 Sb
but extensive development work Is be-
ing done on this type of engine" it was
reported.
The study reveals a decided tendency
toward higher engine speeds and the
use of gears to reduce propeller speed
In general the American engines are
being run at the higher speeds, it was
shown. The development of the liquid
cooled engine in the United States has
been delayed because of lack of demand
for this type Of engine In commercial
fields.
Air-cooled engines found early ap-
proval from commercial concerns In
this country, and the development OF
air-cooled engines has reached limits
here far beyond anything developed
abroad. it was reported. The American
air-cooled engine excels In power de-
to weight.
Foreign Air Trade Grows.
In the face of generally adverse
trade conditions, q great increase n
the export trade Of the Curtiss-Wright
organization in atrplanes and aviation
engines Is regarded in the aviation in
dustry as an especially wholesome indi-
cation of growing appreciation abroad
of American progress IN design ano
construction.
Export orders during the first half o1
this year, Curtiss-W Wright officials have
announced, equal the entire export
business of 1882. The orders call fol
expectation of 101 airplanes. including
81 Curtiss Hawk military pursuit
airplanes powered with the new TOO
horsepower Wright Cyclone engine;
Curtiss Falcon two-seater observation
planes, planes Of training and CONNER
cial types and 30 Of the new 700-horse-
power motors. the most powerful air
cooled engines in the world.
All of the new transport planes Of the
Fokker Co. Of Holland are powered by
the new American engines, which will
be used en- the 9,000-mile route between
Amsterdam and Batavia. During the
past six months American aviation
products have been shipped to China
Russia, Germany, Spain, Poland
Switzerland, France Holland, Italy
Czechoslovakia, Sweden. Bulgaria, Co
lombia Chile, Peru, Bolivia, Ecuador,
Venezuela, Argentina, Brazil, Mexico
Guatemala, Honduras, Santo Domingo
Puerto Rico. Cuba, Ell Salvador, Canada,
Australia, Turkey and the Dutch East
Indies.