Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1933-07-23
NATIONS TO PAY HOMAGE
TO BOLIVAR TOMORROW
Greatest Pioneer of Pan,Americanism
Sought to Translate Ideals Into
Action Years Ago.

euvoystD. Niguel oantaaaxk 10 Nax-
loo and Central America and p. joaquin
MosQuera 70 Chile, Peru and 0u6nos
Aires-with the purpose Of concluding
treaties Of union, association and
perpetual confederation"
were re sig signed A' by colombi. With Peru
July 6, 1922. with Buenos Aires March
., 1923. and with Mexico October 3,
1873, and, later on. similar one was
concluded with the United Provinces OF
Central America.
All these compacts. except the one
with Buenos Aires, had two provisions
In common: IN one Of them, the parties
bound themselves to use their good ON
css with the governments OF the other
states Of what was formerly 0paneh
America ito induce them to enter into
confederation" In the other one, It
,, vas stipulated that, a. soon - this had
bssn attained, there should be . gen
eral assembly Of all the American states
composed Of their plenipotentiaries, tor
the purpose Of cementing and eetAo-
fishing more firmly the intimate rela-
lions which should exist among them"
This assembly Of plenipotentiaries was
to serve as p council in serious dis
putes, as Q point Of contact in common
danger, as an authentic interpreter OF
arise. and Is judge-arbitrator and
conciliator in their Misunderstanding
and differences"
Called Congress Il Panama.
Upon the basis Of these separate
| treaties, Bolivar called the Congress Of
Panama, with the idea Of establishing
the continental league Of his dreams.
His Instructions to the Peruvian dele
gates to the Congress being
then the head Of the Peruvian govern
ment-are astounding in their vision
and thorough understanding Of al the
provision for every contingency. one OF
| the outstanding points being the sug-
gestion to convert the already famous
declaration of President Monroe into
q formal, contractual agreement OF
continental self-defense" This by the
way. caused an uproar in the Congress
of the United States, and arrested the
cooperation Of the great northern re-
public in the undertaking.
The deliberations and the outcome Of
the Panama assembly are matter OF
cluded by the plenipotentiaries OF Co.
lombia, Central America, Peru and
Mexico-the only nations attending the
meeting-which carried out all the prin-
ciples suggestd by Bolivar.
Paramount among these were: The
establishment of permanent and in
di1soluble union" among the partici-
pating governments: denfensive and. If
necessary offensive support OF the
sovereignty and Independence Of each
Of the confederated states against all
foreign domination; creation Of q per-
manent Assembly Of Plenipotentiaries,
intrusted with treaty-making powers.
the maintenance Of peace and the gen.
eral conduct Of their relations With out
side powers; prescription Of war among
themselves; compulsory arbitration;
mutual guarantees Of their respective
territorial integrity. etc.
Monument 70 Vision.
These Boliyarian projects are q peren-
NAL monument to the vision and states
manship of the man who was 70 far
ahead Of his contemporaries: and even
ahead of the great statesmen Of today,
whom he preceded in the suggestion OF
leagues Of nations, outlawry Of war.
remuneration of territorial conquest,
obligatory arbitration, organization Of
peace, etc
As is well known, the many forces
which were, even then, working in
cessantly for separation and disunion
among the young Southern republics
political changes, internal unrest, lack
Of unity in direction, lack Of physical
contacts personal rivalries- prevented
not only the enforcement, but even the
ratification Of the treaties AGREED upon
at Panama. As the years went BY, the
gigantic plans of Panama faded into
nothingness.
But this does not subtract from
Bolivar's glory. That the Bolivarian
ideals did not succeed was, certainly,
unfortunate for Bolivar But it was
infinitely more unfortunate for the
countries whose lack Of vision and
whose petty rivalries prevented them
from succeeding. Because II pam
Americanism had been born then, In
the Panama Congress. it would not have
been the pan AmericaniSm Of Blaine,
the -AmericaniSm of non-commit-
tal, diplomatic flirting, Of fiovery
speeches and forgotten recommends
TONS" nor the pan-Americanism Of the
Monroe doctrine, Of Clevelands North
American hat," Of Theodore Roosevelts
big stick" or Of Wilson'S and Cool
idges big brother" attitude.
| Instead, 1t would have been the real
ultimate pan-Americanism, of equal
rights and mutual obligations; the b.
livarian pan.Americanism In which one
Is one and not more than twenty.
copyright. 1881