davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1933-10-03
BEHIND THE SCENES IN
WASHlElGI.[.Q!,
-Y-A-A-----A-1. lYIlIIi pODNCY Nl M
WITH RQQNEYQuI,

M2hy buGd'es began ~ rir|
choppirgs.
Widespread disappniu'nr,|
lowed when the fir, irn-i|
wcnt to the hOoSeSn sYr vi
and no reward was paid
Politeness Is Shocking
A SSISTANT Sccratary D.
L i Harry Payer t., IA
Cleveland lawyer who is
Mr. Eickwick" becaUsn ,,a.
way he looks. is happicr cyr
He's the first secretavg or
ant secretary who ever both.
visit every nook and GRANNY
state department. H va j
ed and amazed thar til. a.
the Far Eastern division va.
tured doctor Of PHILOSOPHY
Payer appalled, corrcspaal.
a Hull press confercncc Isl
burst into a nowery pan
which referred TO them q.
tingurs,r.A gentlemen" ~
pressed his sense of the Ga
being allowed TO work "Sl
to shoulder with them.
Worker Is Benefited
FlauRE It, out . i'G" az
4 was. and hour table and
find that the average Wor
manufacturing Industries r,
a weekly wage increase from
~ S1S.72 between mid-Ju!y al
August. In the cotton goods
try. the effect of the MIRA
which became operate july
shown in an average :1rrcas
SLIT tG Sl3.1S.
Cost of living increased
cent in that period. accord
The, National Industrial Con-
BOARD, so the average
worker would Trem 10 be- q!
cuts 4 week better ua a
avcra"C cotton mill woIIc
90 tho good.
r;'4v- ..'-''' t":.3. Me- :~,.ryT.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1933-10-03

All right. Go ahead and initiate. We always
wanted to know how S25 sandwich tastes.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1933-10-03

The idea that God hates sinners is the great hu-
man error of the ages. Instead of Adam calling 10
God for reconciliation, We read that God came IN
mercy and sought for the one who had wronged
Him. to offer the promise of the Saviour, by whose
death an escape would be made from the verdict
of juStice.-D L. Moody.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1933-10-03

But how federal police force find rae,
keteer if it couldn't find flock of saloons?
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1933-10-03

| Correct this sentence: 'This proud state OF
Ours,' said the politician tasks no aims of the
Montana labor news., 1933-02-02
THE REFUND RACKET.

By the joint action of Progressives and Democrats in
the u. S. Senate last week, the control over all refunds of
income, inheritance, and gift taxes was taken away from
the internal revenue bureau of the u. S. Treasury depart
ment and placed in the hands of a joint congressional
committee on internal revenue. The vote was 81 to Sc,
'Progressives voting with Democrats against Old Guard
Republicans. The Senate's action, i. is believed, will be
seconded by the lower House.
It's about time that something of this sort were done to
stop the abuses so apparent in the tax refunds. During
the Harding-Co Coolidge Hoover regime billions of dollars
collected in federal taxes were turned back-the benefit
Charles too often being big contributors to G. O. P. cam
paign barrels and other insiders who soon found the re-
fund racket a source Of largess.
partment for years is illustrated by the situation in which
Ogden L. Mills, as executor Of his fathers estate, had a
six million dollar abatement and refund of taxes approved
by Ogden L. Mills, secretary of the Treasury. Senator
Kenneth Mcclellan of Tennessee, who fathered the new
committee control plan overltax refunds, said mo good
secretary ought to want to pass on a case in which he is
interested. No bad secretary should be permitted to do So"
Senator Mcclellan also told of refunds paid to Samuel
insult, power baron who since his vast utility empire
crashed is a fugitive in Greece. insult was assessed a tax
of 1924, 1899. The Treasury department. later granted him
a refund of $266,008, together with interest of $131, 243-
or $82, 1852 more than was originally paid into the Treas
uryl In other words, instead of paying a tax, Mr.. insult
actually received a bonus from the government!
Senator Mcclellan and the Senate should be commended
for taking the step to stop the spoils system in tax refunds.
For years it has approached the proportions of a national
scandal.
Montana labor news., 1933-02-02

employment occurred at the smelling
and reduction plants in this area, al
though the majority of the metal
mines were practically closed. Part
time schedules prevailed in the oil re-
fineries, foundries, machine shops,
and several miscellaneous establish
ments. The increase in coal-mining
activities reported in November was
maintained during December. Salts
factory operations obtained in the
flour and cereal mills. Forces in the
various railroad departments were re-
duced slightly. Building included the
erection of several residences, addi-
tions and some repair work, which
provided employment for a number of
building trades men. The surplus of
labor apparent included all trades,
clerical workers and unskilled help.
Observation-Disclosures employment in
this locality decreased during Deem
Der, largely due to the seasonal clos
ing of the beet-sugar refineries, which
resulted in the release Of several hun
bred men. Logging and sawmill OPP
erations remained below normal, af-
fecting many workers. Other manu-
featuring establishments were in OPP
Grafton in most instances; however,
curtailed schedules predominated.
While there was very little building
or construction work under way, the
extension of telephone lines afforded
employment to a few men. A general
of labor prevailed through
out the month.
Montana labor news., 1933-02-02
THE "LAME-DUCK" AMENDMENT

The "1ame-duck" amendment to the Federal Constitu-
ton prevents defeated members of Congress from making
laws after the people have retired them from that body.
The fact that Senator George w. Norris Of Nebraska
put up a ten years fight to secure the adoption of the
amendment gives interest to his Interpretation Of its mean
ing. In a statement made when the requisite t~hirty-six
state legislatures had adopted it, Senator Norris said:
why has this ten years struggle been necessary to
bring about the adoption of this amendment?
1.-THE answer to this question while exceedingly interest
ing, would take much more space than is allowed for this
simple statement.
ut would be found, if we went into the details of this
fight, which has been going one so long, that entrenched
behind the breastWorks of the old constitution provision
were the organized political machines of special privilege.
1.-The political machine having control of the party in
power has always possessed a great and unfair advantage
over the representatives of the people in the many strug-
giles that come about during the expiring short session of
Congress.
where calendars are crowded; where, for the want of
time, such calendars cannot be cleared up, those in pos
session of the machinery are nearly always able through
their control to say what shall be considered and what
shall be discarded.
''These political machines often wait until the short SEES
sion of Congress to redeem the pledges they have secretly
made by taking advantage of the conditions that then ex-
list and, if the Executive is in sympathy with such a pro-
gram, the real representatives of the people are at a ter
rible disadvantage.
"The enactment of this amendment is a great step to-
ward placing the control Of our Government in the hands
of the chosen representatives of the American people"
Montana labor news., 1933-02-02
THE MONTANA LABOR NEWS

chairman of the board, until June 10, 1892, was Joseph R.
Mutt, treasurer of the Republican National Committee.
That $12, 900, 900 was loaned to a bank of which Atlee
Pomerene was one Of the directors. Mr.. Pomerene sue
ceeded General Dawes as chairman of the R. F. c.
That at least three other banks and two insurance COM
panes, all headed by influential Republicans, obtained
large loans. One of these was the Globe and Rutgers
Fire Insurance Company, whose head gave Bishop Can
non $4,000 to use in the effort to make Virginia go Re-
publican in 1923.
That the greater part Of the loars to railroads have
been used ito bail out the banks" and not to help legiti-
mate investors in railroad securities; and that, in any case,
to permit many of these roads to go through receivership
and be relieved of their burden of debt would have been
sounder public policy than to rescue them as has been
done.
Representative Edgar Howard of Nebraska is demand
ing a thorough Investigation of the entire career Of the
R. F. c. In the senate his move is supported by Senator
George w. Norris and other Progressives. The time re-
quired for such a survey will exceed the life of the present
lame duck Congress, but the work should be begun. Two
billions poured into the R.. +. c. came from the u. S.
Treastmy-the pubics money. It's administration of that
money has an unsavory aroma, and it's time the truth
were out. No good purpose can conceivably be served by
further suppression of the facts.
1.-THE fatuous adventure in secrecy" Of the R. F. c., as
MI. Flynn aptly terms it, should be brought to an end.
Montana labor news., 1933-02-02
REASONS FOR BUYING AMERICAN

Only five of 149 American rug mills are still open, in
the face of buying low-wage products from Japan, France
and Belgium.
Imports of pig iron last year increased 181 per cent, con-
tributing further to the chaos prevailing in this industry
and throwing additional thousands out of work.
Although 65 per cent of American workers in leather
goods are unemployed, imports of those products in
creased al per cent.
American paper mills are PROSTATE, yet imports of wrap
ping paper gained 615 per cent.
~Sixty-one per cent of pottery products sold in the United
States last year were imported while 72 per cent of the
American workers who make china and pottery were I'M
employed.
Hunger and despair are stalking our textile centers fol
lowing an increase from 105 to POI per cent last year in i'm
ports of cotton, linens and wooden yarns.
American electric light bulb plants are shutting down
as a result of a flood of cheap products being allowed to
enter this country from Japan.
Montana labor news., 1933-02-02
UNEMPLOYMENT IN
MONTANA
Eli Reports Large Curtailment in
Industry Throughout State.

General-Some curtailment occurred
in employment and an excess Of labor
obtained through the state during No
vember. Activity and forces in the
coal industry and in flour and cereal
mills continued satisfactory. Produc-
ton in the oil ~refineries and other mis-
cellaneous plants was below normal.
State highway construction was inter-
rupted to some extent by inclement
weather, and the forces employed were
correspondingly reduced. Some of the
sugar plants suspended operations, re-
sulting in the release of many men.
A slight reduction in employment was
also noted in certain railroad depart
ments. Federal projects provided
work for a number of men. An over
supply of workers prevailed in most
communities.
BiIlings-While curtailed operations
prevailed in the majority Of plants,
the beet-sugar factories maintained
full time operations. Considerable
farm help found work in sheep and
cattle feeding Building remained
dull. A general surplus of labor pre-
vailed.
Butte-The unemployment apparent
in this locality embraced skilled as
we'll as unskilled workers. Metal
proceeded on a considerably
reduced basis. This was also true of
the smelling plant foundries, oil re-
fineries and machine shops. Building
included the erection of Federal struc-
lures; however, the volume of this
of work was small. Very little
public utility or municipal work was
reported.
Great Falls-A slight increase in
Montana labor news., 1933-02-02
Uniform Company Unfair

The Pettibone Company of Cincin-
natl has been declared unfair by the
United Garment Workers. This shop
had always been a union shop. SO
far the employees have taken about a
so per cent cut in wages and when
they refused a further cut they were
locked out. The lockout is still in
effect. This firm specializes in uni
forms and uniform equipment. WHEN
BUYING A UNIFORM DEMAND
THE UNION LABEL.
Montana labor news., 1933-02-02

Dor. They are not chartered with
any A. F. of L. International. The
card displayed in these shops is not
the card of the International BARRIERS
Union. The international card dis
plays the American Eagle. Watch
for a union shop card and look for
the Eagle. Buy union and p~atronize
union places of business.
Montana labor news., 1933-02-02
CORRESPONDENCE
THINK IT OVER.

There are some 25O,O0O or 3U0,O0U
boys and girls between the ages of Is
and 81 years wandering hither and
yonder throughout the United States,
riding in boxcars, living in "jungles,"
associating with criminals and the
lowest degenerates, begging for
Handouts" "panhandling" for dimes
all self-respect abandoned, ragged
and lousy, irresponsible-victims Of
the greed of the rugged individual
lists" The vast majority Of these chill
dren are the offspring of respectable
working-class families, who, due to
this entirely unnecessary unemploy-
ment situation, are no longer able to
supply the food, clothing and shelter
necessary for their existence. This
situation obtains in the midst of our
much Wanted civilization where sci
entific research and invention have
placed us in a situation where we are
enabled to produce so much food thai
We must starve so much clothing that
We are ON the verge of nudity, and
have built so many houses that our
children must sleep in the "jungles"
or on park benches.
Now | ask you, in all fairness,
must there not be something basically
wrong with a system in which such
conditions are possible? Did you
working-class mothers when you gave
birth to those boys and girls con
template a future wherein they would
be forced to become buns and social
outcasts? Did you soldier fathers
when you were battling in the mud,
filth, blood and horrors of Flanders
fields to make the world safe for
democracy" vision a future such as
this for your offspring?
Do you think you have accom-
plished anything in the way of prog
ress away from these conditions by
replacing a political party who spon-
sored this system by one which ap-
proves of all of the same basic prin-
ciples? If you do, you are shortly
to be sadly disillusioned.
Now that the tumult and the shout
ing has subsidized, don't you think it
well to stop and take stock of the sit
Should the %smoldering en-
bers Of commercial rivalry burst into
the flames of war between this and
other capitalistic nation, your
children would be recalled from the
"jungles" and the park benches,
equipped with a suitable uniform and
armed to the teeth. The silk-stocking
crowd with tongues in their cheeks
would laud them as heroes, escort
them on their way to the SHAMELESS
there to suffer and die. What for?
Probably that some oil company might
secure a monopoly of trade in China
or Timbuctoo. The survivors, if any,
upon their return would shortly be
relegated to the "jungles" and park
benches.
Society as a whole must be bene-
of the efforts of the indiyid-
ual; therefore, society should protect,
nourish and fit the individual so that
he or she shall be adequately
equipped to perform a useful function
which will rebound to the benefit of
all. This protection is absolutely es-
sential insofar as the child is concerned
and must not be left to chance or the
waves of adversely which are likely
% overwhelm the parents of the child
at any time.
Something must be done to rectify
he present situation or we will short
find ourselves on the toboggan
headed for serfdom and barbarism.
ADAM POSITIVE.
Montana labor news., 1933-02-02
FOR THE
UNION SHOP CARD

A dual BARRIERS organization has
been formed in Butte by the cut-rate
BARRIERS of the city. They are incor-
porated under the laws of Montana
but have NO affiliation with the
AMERICAN FEDERATION OF La
Montana labor news., 1933-02-02
Decker Brothers
Merchandise Brokers
Butte, Montana.

January 80, 1888.
Mr.. Harry J. Grimes, Secretary,
Silver Bow Trades and Labor Council,
P. 0. Box 1857, Butte, Montana.
Dear Mr.. Grimes:
AS brokers for the Amalgamated
Sugar Co. we thank you for your
favor of the 26th inst.
Your Council could help us very
much indeed if you would request all
members when ordering sugar to
specify Missoula white Satin" sugar
and then insist on getting it.
The plant of the Amalgamated
Sugar Co. at Missoula means a great
deal to the people of Western Mon
tana.
The fact that it is the only sugar
refinery in Western Montana should
in itself be sufficient reason for 100
per cent patronage at the hands of
everyone living in the western half
of Montana.
We are very favorable to your Mon
tana Labor News and intend to CON
tinue advertising in it just as long
as we possibly can.
Your truly,
Decker Brothers.
By F. S. Decker.
Boost a Western Montana Product
Buy Missoula white Satin Sugar.
Montana labor news., 1933-02-02
SECRECY AND THE R. F. c.

John I. Flynn, writing in the current issue of Harpers,
unearths some significant facts about the Reconstruction
Finance Corporation that reveal the type of ~duplcity and
deceit p~racticed by reactionares in high places. During
the first five months of the corporations existence, its
activities were kept strictly secret. Hundreds Of millions
of dollars in public funds were ladled out to big banks,
railroads, and insurance companies, and nobody knew
why orwherefore. Mr.. Hoover insisted upon this secrecy.
Since July, 1892, however, Congress has insisted that
the R.. F. C.'s loans be subject to public scrutiny. This
has helped Mr.. Flynn in his survey, but he also probed back
into the secret five months for the real facts. 1t was dur
ing this period that the Hoover administration issued nu-
merous statements to the effect that R. F. G. funds were
being spread out to small institutions and only a minor
portion was going to the big institutions in metropolitan
areas.
Mr.. Hymns survey reveals how fraught with deceit such
statements were. At the end of July, it was announced
that only 4 per cent of the R. F. G.. loans had been made
to banks in cities of more than 100000 population. But
the actual facts, Mr.. Flynn discovered, were that 40 per
cent of all the loans went TO banks in only seven large
cities.
Some of the more significant statements in Mr.. Flynn's
article are summarized by the New Republic as follows:
That only three weeks after General Dawes resigned as
director of the R. F. c. the corporation authorized a loan
to his Chicago bank of 500, OO0,O 900, although the banks
total deposits were only $95, 000,0
That $14, 100000 was loaned to a bank Of which the
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1933-10-12

each year in the pre-prohibition
era was four years old. They
say that whisky aged for two
years, or even one year, can be
VERY good stuff"
There are still some quite SAN
eient" whisky stocks in the ware
houses. OF the 1911 stocks some
1000 gallons arc left. while Of
the 1912 and 1913 production
there are $4,000 and 107, 900
gallons. respectively. Today there
are only seven distilIery plants in
operation as compared with 1.506
in 1901 and 154 in 1918.
OF the 10000, 900 gallons Of
whisky produced on an average in
the United States each year before
before prohibition a little more
than 100000 gallons were export
ed. But following the adoption
Of national prohibition there was
a record expectation in the fis-
cal year of 1920. there having
been 3,s74,0o0 gallons shipped
abroad.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1933-10-12
THREE NAMES ARE !.
ADDED TO MONROE
RELIEF COUNCIL
REORGANIZATION ME ETINc
WAS HELD YESTERDAY;
SIX COMMITTEES TO BE APP
POINTED FOR ACTIVITIES

Reorganization of the Monroe
County Emergency Relief Council
was started yesterday at the reg
ular meeting Of the body held in
the chamer Of commerce roms.
The chairman. w. w. Demeritt,
appointed BY the governor, began
his selections of new members
yesterday. Three names were ad-
ded to the membership rolls which
cali for from 10 to 80 members.
Those voted on and made men,
bers yesterday are Miss Minnie
Porter Harris. president of the
Woman's Club; Sebastian Cabrera,
Jr., president Of the Rotary Club;
Homer Herrick. county engineer;
Rev. J. C. Gekeler. OF the Pres
byterian church is to be asked to
join. Duties of the council are
many and diversified and to get
the best results 1t Is suggested
that the members be selected from
city and county officials, labor or
CARNATIONS, social organizations
and other prominent businesses.
Most Of these have representation
-, AZ. ss,>..x.sl v,asw
Six committees are to be ap.
pointed. Budget, Social Service.
Agricultural. Transient. Work
Projects and Public Relations.
These shall have q membership Of
from three to five.
Another. the Executive Com
nlittee, shall be composed Of Of
fieers and ehairmen Of each OF the
others These are to conduct the
work Of the council IN the interim
between meetings and shall coor-
dinate the plans Of the several
committees.
All OF the committees shall hold
meetings at least once each month
and oftener as may be necessary.
At these meetings written reports
must be presented and copies sent
10 the office Of the State Admin
istrator af Tallahassee.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1933-10-12
@HICAGO, Oct. O0.-"Does
Y i that thing really print?"
TT.l.nl. e TL:oanro

1HICAGO. Oct. 00.-"Does
i that thing really print?"
Hundreds of Chicago
Worlds Fair visitors express
their amazement in that ques-
ton every day at the Guten-
berg workshop in the General
Exhibits Building.
And 1t does print, an oddly-at-
tired attendant assures them. Ii
they win wait. he will print a page
for them-a fac-simile page from
the historically famous 42-line
Bible, the first large book ever
printed. and probably the finest
early printing work.
The workshop on display at the
Fair is as exact q reproduction OF
the first printing plant to use NOV
able type successfully as research
could make possible. 1t is on ex-
hibit because of the efforts of John
F. Cuneo, president of the Cuneo
Press, Inc, and the generosity of
DIR. Ruppel, director of the Guten-
berg museum in Mainz. Germany.
Workers Quantity Dressed.
A wierd looking affair, compared
with printing presses Of today, it
would be suspected of being what
1t is by few at first glance. Mas
sive, built of heavy brown wood,
1t resembles more than anything a
big cider mill with a table attached.
The workers, who cast type from
the old forge, set 1t up, and print
the pages before the eyes of the
spectators, are dressed In the short
pants and brightly colored stock
ings of the middle fifteenth Gen.
tury. In their little peaked hats
they look for all the world like
elves working in a wonderland toy
shop from the pages Of fairy tale
book.
Their task is hardly as light as
an elfin one. though. 1t takes long
err to print one impression on the
Gutenberg press than it would
take to print a hundred or several
hundred today.
Nine Lines Days Work.
For instance, Gutenberg didn't
even have a roller to ink the type
after it had been set. The linking
was accomplished with sink balls"
that looked like great black mush-
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1933-10-12
PRINT WITH REPLICA OF ORIGINAL
GUTENBERG PRESS AT WORLDS FAIR

rooms. It was tedious, exacting
job to get the ink on smoothly and
evenly.
Setting the type was task even
more formidable. For centuries no
one knew how Gutenberg spaced out
his lines to make them all the same
length and the spaces between the
words all uniform, or as printers
would say. Justified the lines"
Only recently it was found that he
did 1t by using characters Of vary
ing widths. There were characters
Of as many as seven different
widths for each letter. If the line
was too short, he would put in
wider letters; If too long, he would
substitute narrower letters.
The type at the workshop at the
Fair is set in exactly the same way
for some Of the work. Recently 1t