davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1933-04-23
Americanizing Turkey.

Elsewhere in The Sunday Star Is un-
folded a tale which is designed to con-
vince certain doubling Thomases here
at home that whatever they may now
adays think of the so-called demon
strated incapacity of American econ
omists, engineers and industrialists.
such lugubrious opinions are not shared
universally abroad, at least not in
Turkey.
President Mustafa Kemal, enlightened
head of the republic reared on the
ruins of the Ottoman Empire, has de-
cided to effect the complete economic
modernization Of the old land Of the
sultans with the aid of American
brains. Eight or nine eminent authori-
ties in the respective fields of railroad
transportation, gold mining. copper
production, cotton growing, viticulturc
and tariff structure have been engaged
by the Gazi to advise him how most
effectively anc .uulciously to set new
Turkey on the road to twentieth CEN
tury national progress.
To walker D. Hines. well and favor
khly Temembeged at washington -
Evening star., 1933-04-23

director general Of the wartime United
States Railroad Administration, has
been entrusted the fundamental task
of making q general economic survey
of Turkey. Collaborating with him in
diversified fields will be three Wash
ingtonians who have won distinctions
in their various vocations-Charles e.
Bell trafiic analyst; Matthew van
Siclen, mining engineer. and Sidney
Paige, geologist. All three of these
gentlemen at one time or another were
In the Federal service. To assist in
reorganizng the Turkish customs sys-
tenn, yet another former United States
oficial, Robert H. Vorfeld, q one-time
attache of the Tariff Commission, Is
already at work in Ankara, the new
capital Of regenerated Turkey. Even
primary education Is to experience the
American touch, for Dr. Beryl Parker
Of New York City Is now engaged in
perfecting q system of kindergarten
schools for the youngest Of the young
Turks.
Three postwar American diplomatic
representatives In Mustafa Kemals
realm, Admiral Bristol. Ambassador
Grew and the now retiring Ambassador
Sheriff., have attested in turn the
Gazis determination to convert Turkey
into a modern state in the highest sense
of the term. The American people are
complimented by his selection of COM
patriots Of theirs as coadjutors in this
task. 1t Is, Of course, . circumstance
well designed to assure our abiding in
terest in the prosperous development OF
Turkey
Evening star., 1933-04-23
Business World Looks TO
The Economic Conference
BY HARDEN COLFAX.

Irritated and puzzled by the many
existing and constantly increasing
number Of trade barriers, the CONNER
cial world is looking forward as its
only hope to the coming World Eco
nomic Conference. From practically
every foreign capital representatives OF
the Departments Of State and Com
merce are sending in reports Of grow
ing uncertainty among business men
and pointing out that, unless something
is done to halt the procession OF high
tariffs, embargoes, exchange controls
and quota and contingent systems,
business cannot possibly revive.
The extent to which nervous ma
tionalism" has been carried by govern
ments of the Old World is shown by the
rapid spread of the complicated sys-
tenn of so-called compensation agree
ments. Government representatives IN
foreign countries describe these as
largely the result of efforts to equalize
imports with exports, particularly IN
countries attempting to improve their
trade balances by curtailing the volume
of what they buy abroad.
Outstanding examples of compensa-
ton agreements are the series Of laws.
regulations and agreements under
which such countries as Poland, Hun
gary, Czechoslovakia, Austria and Tur-
key are endeavoring to. balance credits
realized from commercial transactions
with other countries or the exchange Of
particular classes of goods. Frequent
ly this becomes practically direct bar
ter Starting out with the necessity OF
finding four partnsrs-an exporter and
an importer at home and an exporter
and an importer in the foreign coun-
try concerned-the system works cut
through . series Of complicated rules
and formulas often almost unintel-
ngible TO the merchants who are AZ
fected.
in order 10 help out The soresuueut
Evening star., 1933-04-23
IMMORTALITY
BY THE RIGHT REV. JAMES E. FREEMAN D. d, IL. D..
Bishop OF Washington.

guarded His empty tomb declared: "Fie
is not here; He is risen, as He said"
Shall we not believe, as we stand by the
sealed Sepulchre Of our loved ones, that
once again the angels Of the resurrec-
ton, His messengers to men, declare
concerning our sacred dead: "They are
not here; they are risen."
Were We to seek to find q fine expo
sition Of the antithesis suggested in the
text, we should discover 1t in two not
able poets, the one the poet of pessi-
mism, the poet. shall we say, of gloom,
fascinating. dramatic, compelling, and
yet not in c0nsonance with the spirit
Of that to which this Easter season
bears witness. These are the words Of
Omar:
lone thing is certain and the rest is
lies;
The flower that once has blown for
eyer dies"
That is a theory of life that Is ut
terly repugnant to the spirit of this
season. but let us turn to another great
interpreter Of life, and an Interpretation
of life, be 1t said, that came as the
result of years Of terrible sorrow and
struggle. For II years Tennyson
WIOuSiIt Out llAS COAICPtAuiI VI WIidL AAC
Is, of what life must be. and, strangely
enough. the first stanza Of his poem,
I'm Memoriam." was the last one he
wrote. it contains the affirmation Of an
inspiring faith:
Strong Son Of God, immortal Love.
Whom we, that have not seen Thy face,
BY faith, and faith alone, embrace.
Believing where we cannot prove"
Mr.. Blaine in closing a great utter
ance delivered before the Congress Of
the United States. on the martyred
Garfield, used these memorable words,
as he described the dying sufferer: Let
us believe that in the silence Of the re-
ceding world. he heard the great waves
breaking ON a farther shore and felt
already upon his wasted brow the breath
of the eternal morning" This Is the
sublime expression of mans hope, but
We submit that today, perhaps as never
before, we need to hear anew the reas-
suring and inspiring message Of the
risen Christ: Because live, yet shall
live Also"
Evening star., 1933-04-23
The Congressional Record.

In the course Of public discussion re-
garding ways and means Of reducing
the cost of Government, In the interest
of the balancing of the budget, there
has been much comment upon the ex-
travagance of Congress itself In the ex-
penditure Of public funds for the COM
fort and convenience Of members of the
two Houses. The matter Of mileage has
been brought forward, to the point Of
showing that large sums are paid on
this account in excess of the actual cost
Of transportation in travel to and from
the sessions of the National Legislature.
Some observers have also noted that the
cost of investigations" into various
subjects has mounted to great figures,
disproportionate to the results achieved.
Other possible economies have been
pointed out. aggregating . very con-
siderable amount Of money.
Now a congressional critic Of the cost
Of legislation advocates . reform which
Evening star., 1933-04-23
The Charm of Old Houses
BY FREDERIC ]. HASKIN.

ject Of q new and solicitous attention.
The Department OF Commerce at
Washington has interested itself In
what is going on and has found that
in some 10 cities SIS, 900 900 was spent
In undermining old houses in a period
Of one year. 1t Is found that so per
cent Of expenditures in this kind Of
work goes into the wages Of labor. This
is an especially high percentage as
compared with new construction. In
new construction large amount must
go for material. Millions go for profit
paid to manufacturer or dealer. In re-
modelling and undermining, the chief
job is re-working the material already
on hand.
Gives Unemployment Relief.
1t is necessary. often, to buy new
plumbing fixtures, new heating and
lighting equipment, and many ap-
pliances now available, but the install
alton work is the big end. Wage work.
ers derive the greatest benefit at time
when they are most in need. How direct
benefit this has proved is shown by
the fact that in cities which have con-
Quoted modernizing campaigns under
direct civic or organization auspices, the
sums required for unemployment relief
have been cut in half.
There are about 100000 residences
In the United States with an average
age between 13 and IS years. Hun
dreds of thousands are much older,
in the East some running to a century
or two. About 100000 homes are
wired for electricity, but good deal
Of the wiring Is old and short-circuit
fire danger, while the fixtures are often
obsolete. While America Is the home
Of the bathtub, there are some 12,000,-
600 people living in cities and towns of
10000 population and over who lack
these conveniences. In the rural sec
tions, in spite of the advances madevin
self-contained waterworks, bathtubs
are even Scarcer. Great advances have
been made in kitchen furniture and fix
lures. Yet there Is tremendous deficit
in kitchen moderniZation.
Realizing that community which. by
making carefully planned repairs in
accordance with good designs has q
higher real estate value and that there
Is an advance in the common wealth
through such improvements, campaigns
are being conducted to induce house
holders to modernize. Chambers Of
commerce, leading newspapers, civic
organizations and clubs have joined In
campaigns to encourage citizens to i'm
prove their properties. OF large 1m-
pOrtance Is the circumstance that banks
In many cities have announced their
willingness to lend literally to finance
improvements. Bankers know that Q
few hundred dollars spent in modern
izing a house usually adds to the value
Of the property anywhere from 2 to 10
times the cost Of the work. The market
ability of the property is increased and
the whole tone of the neighborhood
, raised. The banker knows that his Sc
curity is greater when Improvements are
made.
Perhaps more important even than
the creation of thousands of days work,
of new buying movement and an
upturn in building activity is the re-
newal given by the modernizing move
ment of interest in the home Amer
leans built their Nation around the in
stitution of the home and the family,
and this renaissance bids fair to give
that institution a new birth.
Evening star., 1933-04-23

John Howard Payne would never IN
the world have written Home. Sweet
Home" about a new house. This Is be-
cause 1t is practically impossible for
new house to be q home. Houses take
good deal of living In before attaining
that position in the human heart. No
new house can achieve the complete
charm of an old one.
But Americans have come to place
high value on the cOnvenienceS OF life
and insist upon modern equipment in
such matters as plumbing, refrigeration,
ventilation and labor-saving devices re-
quiring gas and electrical installations.
The only sure method of obtaining
the advantages Of an old houses charm
and also the advantages Of all modern
conveniences Is to modernize an old
house. This has been done here and
there for many years. In the last two
impetus and has reached the proper
tions of civ, yement as well as an
artistic revival.
Skillful architects in designing resi-
de- structures often adapt or copy
out light the lines Of old houses. The
work OF the Brothers Adam, Of Sir
christopher Wren, Of Roger Pratt, of
Sir William Kent, as well as that of LIE
Notre and de POrme, Is constantly
copied by American architects for the
reason that an appearance Of age can
be simulated by employing an old de-
sign. Some builders 60 so far as to
use second hand brick, old millstones
and flagstones and used timbers in
constructing houses, all for the sake OF
giving the appearance Of age. Never
theless there is nothing which can take
the place Of age itself.
c..~su.. u~.~. r,->- r-Ss,axu.u<v
In the period Of active construction
! which followed the World War great
numbers of old houses were pulled
down and tens of thousands of new
structures were run up almost over
night. For the most part they were
endlessly alike. Row after row of
houses appeared in suburban areas,
looking like kernels of corn on a cob.
A man must know his number and look
for 1t to find his own dwelling. Moth
ing about the house itself differentiated
1t from thousands Of others. 1t Is diff
cult to make home out OF such mate
rial
The depression has produced many
reactions. People whose incomes have
been lowered are staying at home more
than at any previous time In this gener-
alton. They have made the discovery
that few have homes. They dwell In
living machines exactly like the ma
chimes lived in by their neighbors.
Their houses do not reflect their own
personalities.
This has produced a strong reaction
and q renaissance. People again are
beginning to appreciate the charm OF
old houses, with the result that the
undermining of structures 10 to 200
years old has taken on amazing pro-
portions in the United States. If a
man has been fortunate enough to oc-
cupy an old house, he has set about
undermining it. If he has been living
in a machine made dwelling. he is in
clined to look around for some mel
lower abode which he can mold to his
own liking. Old residences, which In
many cases have been vacant for half
century. are finding market, and
those which have been continuously
occupied are finding themselves the OBJ
Evening star., 1933-04-23
Report of Possible First Conversation
Between Roosevelt, Macdonald, Herriot

Mr.. Herriot- Europe is getting divided
into two camps. A conflict between
basic principle Of life on the one side
and basic different principle OF life on
the other is threatening to lay Europe
and civilization in ruins. Myself, am
known to be a man of accommodation,
a man Of understandings and OF agree
ments. I dare to recall to you the &C
ceptance of the plan OF Dawes, the
furthering Of the preliminaries OF Lo-
carno, the sacrifices and the appease-
ments of Lausanne. From those efforts
to weave again the fabric OF interna-
tional security I was at least not abb
sent. 1t is not that would precipitate
International struggle. But it Is not
you, I hope. that would deny the posi-
bility OF 1t and that would fail to ar
range a common stand against that
possibility.
Mr.. MacDonald-Let us reduce the
number of electives in our armies.
Mr.. Roosevelt-Let us reduce, say,
all budgetary costs.
Mr.. Herriot-I am among Anglo
Saxons A Scotch Celtic Anglo-Saxon
and a Hudson River Dutch Anglo
Saxon. But Anglo-Saxons. I talk OF
a principle and of an international
conflict in the souls of men. and they
dear Roosevelt. my dear Macdonald, II
YOU insist upon talking In that way
about it, I name Charles RiSt.
Mr.. MacDonald--Leith-R Ross.
Mr.. Roosevelt-Ray.
Mr.. Macdonald may say to you,
my dear Herriot, that Leith-Ross in the
committee will represent a country
which is protectionist and devoted to
free trade
Mr.. Roosevelt-And Mr.. Moley will
represent a country which is raising
tariff duties In the farm relief bill and
will lower them in the International
Monetary and Economic Conference in
London in June.
Mr.. Herriot-And in your own mood
of banter. my dear Roosevelt and my
dear Macdonald. may say that Mr..
needs both its eyes to watch the duality
of the Anglo-Saxon mind.
Mr.. Roosevelt-Well! We must now
abandon our little jests. We must
come down to the ultimate business OF
the meeting.
What is 1t?
Mr.. Roosevelt-It's the Rooseveltin-
ization of the International Monetary
and Economic Conference.
Mr.. Macdonald and Mr.. Herriot-
Yes?
Mr.. Roosevelt-Yes. You've got to
treat it just the way treat the United
States Congress. If I gave our Con-
gressmen one bill, they would talk
about it. I gave them so bills. each
pleasing to some one element and they
pass the lot. They can't resist the rush.
Same way with the conference. You've
got your ideas, my dear Macdonald.
And you've got yours, my dear Herriot.
And I've got mine Well! Well put
them into 200 treaties and run them
through the conference before the con-
ference can think, and the whole world
will applaud, and lot of good may be
done, and certainly no harm; because
we'll put it into each treaty-just as
I'm putting it into each new law here
that we can apply it or not apply it, as
We like See?
Mr.. Macdonald It's binding.
Leith-Ross.
Mr.. Herriot-Epatant. Rist.
Mr., Roosevelt-Moley. I'll tell them
to have 20 or 80 of the treaties ready
for US when we meet again tomorrow.
(Copyrisht, 1933)
Evening star., 1933-04-23

he computes would cut OF about $4,000
a day for each session. Representative
Cannon Of Wisconsin has introduced q
bill to reduce the edition of the Con-
gressional Record by limiting its free
distribution. At present this gratuitous
printing Of the Record amounts to no
less than $1,000 copies Of each issue,
each Senator getting eighty-eight
copies and each Representative sixty
for Thanking" through the mails, while
Government agencies are also served
free to great number. Under Mr..
'cannon's schedule of distribution each
Senator would get seven copies daily
for his or her own use and for free
mailing and each Representative six
copies.
Representative Cannon believes that
If the free distribution of the Record
were thus limited to a small number
there would be less demand for space in
its appe-' IS for the printing of "ex-
tension O., remarks" These appended
matters, privileged Of publication under
leave to print" speeches and docu-
ments not presented in speech before
the House and Senate, becoming thereby
public documents" may be sent free
through the mails as pamphlets. printed
at a low cost, which the legislators
pay-sometimes with the bill paid by
uyh nAk thatr
into print-at cost price" The Gov
ernment Printing Once bill does not
fully represent the expense to the Gov
eminent. which must carry these docu-
ments free through the mails.
A strict limitation Of the Congress
sional Record to the matters which are
spoken In the course of the debates in
the two Houses would greatly reduce
its volume and consequently its cost 1t
is Representative Cannon's thought
that If the free circulation Of the Rec
ord were limited according to the
schedule he proposes there would be
less demand for leave to print" That
may be SO. but If the purpose is to re-
duce the bulk as well as the edition
Of the Record . more direct and effec-
tive means would be to curtail the
leave TO print" privilege. and 10 con-
fine the Record to matters actually
spoken In the debates and proceedings.
If that were done and II all speeches
were printed as delivered. and currently.
the Congressional Record would be in
fact, as it is in theory, Q transcript of the
session-to-session doings Of House and
Senate and not, as now. an incomplete
account Of happenings, with scrap
book appendix which often exceeds in
volume the actual report of events.
And the annual bill for Government
printing would be materially reduced.
Evening star., 1933-04-23

"Made. not after the law Of a carnal
commandment, but after the power of
an endless life"
One of the earliest of the worlds
greatest writers asked the question. IF
a man die, shall he live again?" 1t Is q
question that has been asked by every
age and by every people, and the only
answer that has come with any degree
Of authority and flnality was given by
Him who declared: II am the resurrec-
ton and the life: he that believeth in
Me, though he were dead, yet shall he
live"
Thinkers and philosophers have
sought by the most careful study Of ma
ture and the human mind to give an
answer that would adequately. meet
mans hope of future life. The heav-
ems have been swept by the practiced
eye of the seer and the astronomer, and
the language of the stars has been in
terpreted by them, but they give no sat-
isfying answer. The earth. with its
storehouse of wonders, has been trav-
ersed from pole to pole In vain
search after that which would reveal.
not only the character of its Divine
Architect, but His eternal purpose con-
cerning life beyond the grave Guesses
apparently accurate they may be. To
assume the immortality of life does
not establish 1t as fact. All the rea-
soning of Plato and Aristotle and Socra-
tes will not and cannot satisfy. We
may say with Addison: 1T must be so;
Plato, thou reasonest well, else whence
this pleasing hope. this fond desire.
this longing after immortality" It Is
unsatisfying comfort that the great
American orator gave. as he stood by
the open grave of his beloved brother:
From the voiceless lips of the unre-
plying dead. there comes no word, but
in the night Of death hope sees star
and listening love can hear the rustic OF
an angels wing"
The affirmation Of Jesus Christ Is
the only word spoken with certainty.
His whole ministry was an illumination
of the theme of the resurrection. He
came to revive the despairing yearnings
of men. He came to lift mans vision to
a loftier conception Of life here and to
touch it with the splendor Of life that
should know no ending. The angels that
Evening star., 1933-04-23

in such policies in some of the coun-
tries, of1cial support has been given to
the establishment of private organiza-
tions to aid merchants in their COM
mercial relations with other countries
where freedom of trade is restricted by
artificial barriers. In some cases it is
stated that the aim CT the board of di-
rectors of the private company is to
see that the functioning of the enter
prise docs not lose its social character
and become too much engrossed in
profit making"
The growth Of this so-called COM
pensation trade has been rapid in Gen.
trail and Eastern Europe. Where, as
IN the case Of Poland, the trade bal
ance with the United States has been
heavily against the European country,
our merchants seem to be in danger Of
becoming the chief sufferers from the
movement to buy only from those who
buy from U.s."
The Czechs have made much the
same sort Of arrangement with the
Hungarians based on what Is called
a general lump-sum contingent. Czech
importers must apply to their own
licensing authorities for import per-
mitS and, in both countries, the proper
dutIIUilucS COIstIUl anu uuJuSC tIlc CA
change of products. up to the limit of
the contingents. This is the general
principle-no import permits to be
granted unless export permits are first
presented.
Meanwhile repercussions from these
tariff, quota and other restrictions on
trade are being felt in countries other
than those directly affected by the
changes. A good illustration Of this Is
the way American foodstuf1 producers
have been embarrassed by the various
German efforts at f-suf1ciency in the
production Of fats, oils and Gil cakes
by sharp increases in the tariff duties,
to q practically prohibitive extent, on
lard and seed cake
The German government has thus
curtailed German demand here and in
the Philippines. while at the sama
time quota restrictions have steadily re-
duced dairy products from Denmark,
Holland and Belgium. In turn. these
countries, having more of their native
products on hand, are now buying less
from the United States.
(oopyxight 1933.l
Evening star., 1933-04-23

war debts to America in gold after both
countries have forsaken their attach
ment for that metal. Thirdly, the Brit
ish Exchange Equalization Fund and
other holders of dollars will suffer by
the depreciation Of their holdings.
Finally, the British prime minister on
his arrival in Washington Is confronted
with q new situation, Of which he had
not the slightest inkling when he left
these shores.
What is feared is a disorderly race In
currency depreciation and further con-
fusion In the chaos of world affairs.
Many commentators take the view that
Americas action has placed o new OBJ
stacle tn the way Of summoning world
conference which will require all the
resources of craftsmanship to remove.
The full disclosure Of the implications
Of President Roosevelts plunge, It IL
hoped. may show that these fears are
(copyEisht. 1eSs.J -
Evening star., 1933-04-23

While shorter hours are easily ar
ranged for ordinary working schedules.
what the Presidents advisers would
welcome is some wonder worker who
could endow time with an elasticity to
permit Q twenty -four hour day to pro-
duce the equivalent Of forty EIGHT hours
work.