davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1933-04-19
Public Works on Pay Basis


President Roosevelt is reported as
favoring tolls for all future waterways
projects undertaken by the Govern
should be self-liquidating, making clear
that he does not refer to channel i'm
provements and maintenance of rivers
and harbors.
The National Transportation Com
mittee, in its recent report, lays down
the general principle that every exist
ing or projected waterway improve
ment should be tested by application
of the principle of self-support and
that any project which cannot meet
the test should be abandoned without
hesitation as an unwarranted waste of
public money" They advised against
ratification of the St Lawrence water
way treaty if 1t could not meet this
test Of self-support.
Outside Of the question of fairness
to the railways, national budget con-
siderations urge application OF such a
rule. The President may have in mind
in this connection the experience Of
New York State, whose governorship
he has SO recently vacated. The con-
Stitution of that State 46rbidS the i'm
position Of tolls on the New York State
barge canal and financially it is a white
elephant which Alfred E. Smith says
the State maintains because of senti-
ment rather than common sense.
The ST. Lawrence waterway plan will
not be as attractive a vision to the
Midwest farmers and the business men
of the port of Chicago and its seaboard
If a schedule of amortizing toll is to
attend its opening. The ports travel
will lose its favor if Uncle Sam starts
to collect.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1933-04-19
Government Move Awaited
AS Limit on boarding Is Near

average for recent years. In order to
find a figure as low as that now report
ed by the Treasury. it is necessary, IN
fact, to go baci, nearly decade to
May, 1928 This clearly shows the
extent to which gold has come out OF
boarding"
Upholding the Nations right to de-
clare that the channels Of circulation
shall not be ciogged by avarice," the
Fort Worth Slar-Telegram states that
the best news of the year will be the
story of the first captured and prose-
cuted hoarder of his own gold" The
Lowell Evening Leader advises that the
hoarders have had fair warning and
pursue" while the Akron Beacon Jour-
nal predicts that the gold still kept out
of circulation will be loosened up when
the Federal Treasury proceeds to apply
the drastic penalties set up under the
law" The Buffalo Evening News, re-
viewing the current discussion of gold
certificates, asserts that public inter-
est is injured by storing away any kind
of money in idleness." The Danbury
Evening News says that the presence
of gold. centralized in the golfers OF
the public Treasury enables business
to proceed with greater certainty" The
Lincoln State Journal records: The
time for the return of gold and gold
certificates has been extended three
times and it is beginning to look as
though the administration was playing
a game with the hoarders. If you
hoarders do not produce by certain
date. the Government implies by its
action, the time will be extended and
you will have another chance. The
public has responded in a very COM
mendable manner to the call for the
surrender of gold But there is no
need OF trifling longer. After May l the
Government might as we'll try its own
strength and see If it can make the
generous penalties it has offered stick"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1933-04-19
THIS AND THAT
BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL.

Despite an attempt to prove that there
Is no such incompatibility, many per-
sons have found that they must be. In
this matter the well-known laws-unto-
themselves about which they often read.
X
Find out, then, your limit in the mat
ter Of shortcake.
Remember that this is . potent berry,
even If 1t isn't exactly Q berry.
What. not q berry?
Sorry, but the big books define 1t
Juicy, edible red fruit of any species
Of the rosaceous genus Fragara; not
properly . berry, but an enlarged pulpy
receptacle, bearing numerous seedlike
achenes"
Like most dictionary definitions, this
leaves Us rather badly on.
What Is an "achene"? It is long
time since We took botany" and maybe
we didn't even know then.
Well, here Is "achene":
"A small, dry indehiscent. one-seeded
fruit"
There we have another grand word,
right out Of the heart Of the mother
tongue.
Why, the show was positively In
dehiscent' that won't do ut all.
Here Is the real meaning: Remain
ing closed at maturity"
There are said to be four species Of
strawberries from which our cultivated
varieties have descended. They are
Fragara vesca. from the Alps; F. vir-
giniana. the Eastern United States: F.
chiloensis, South America. and F.
moschata, or hautbois, o European va
riety.
The scientific name, Fragara, is
worthy Of the berry, as every one calls
It.. 1t Is just another way Of saying
fragrant, of course.
The term strawberry arises, In all
probs bility, from the resemblance Of
the runners to straws. There are many
plants which have such runners. among
them being one familiar to all who keep
home aquariums, the so-called eel grass
or Vallisneria.
The runner method OF propagation Is
natures own Tip" to the gardener to
leave some room between plants, not to
attempt to cram too many into a given
space, as amateurs are wont to do.
~ ~
Some there are, We are aware, who
look upon strawberries and cream IS
the ultimate.
No one would quarrel with them.
They have the sanction of literature
behind their taste, and that is a great
deal
As yet no poet has arisen to celebrate
properly the affinity Of man and straw
berry shortcake.
! That he will come into his own some
day there can be no doubt, but until
that time comes the literary horizon
must be content with q few prose notes
on this sublime delicacy.
| %%*
Many will gladly suffer indigestion
for the pleasure Of gorging themselves
on real shortcake, now that the time Is
al hand.
For those less hardy, 1t may be noted
| that strawberry ice cream and sherbet.
especially when made with good. rich
cream. is not at all indigestible, even to
| the flnicky, but may be consumed in
the proper quantities, as befits good
dish.
In any form the strawberry is good,
better, best.
1t is worldwide. but typically Amer
lean. Figure that out.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1933-04-19
Gifts to Women's Colleges
From the Atlanta Journal.

from the Atlduta JOuIndl
Out Of the sixty and two-thirds mil
lions Of dollars given by Americans to
educational institutions in 1882. wom-
ems colleges received only two million.
Twenty-seven and four -fifths millions
went to mems colleges and universities,
twenty-five end one-half millions to
co-educational schools. and upward OF
five millions to foreign universities.
Commenting on this disparity, the
heads of seven eastern colleges for
women attribute 1t to the fact that 1.-THE
habit of giving to higher education for
women has not become established on
the part of the public as it has long
since been established for mems col
leges and universities.
TT Is not. however, possible to wait
for time to effect this. The need Is SO
urgent that We must emphasize 1t now.
There Is encouragement that the value
CT the contribution of women's colleges
to contemporary life is being felt. in the
fact that two-thirds Of q million more
was given to them in 1892 than in
1881" There should be no decrease in
benefactions to mems colleges. but as
suredly there should be Q great increase
in those to women's colleges: for, as q
rule, an educated girl Is likely to exert
more vital influence for social prog.
reas than y IN educ1ted boy.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1933-04-19

Any reader can get the anwser to
any question by writing to our 1nforma-
ton Bureau in Washington, D. c. This
offer applies strictly to information.
The bureau cannot give advice on legal,
medical and financial matters. 1t does
not attempt to settle domestic troubles.
or undertake exhaustive research on
any subject. Write your question plain
ly and briefly. Give full name and
address and inclose cents in coin or
stamps for return postage. Do not use
postcards. The reply Is sent direct to
the inquirer. Address The Evening Star,
Information Bureau, Frederic J. Has
kin, Director, Washington, d. c.
@. How far has base ball been hit
for home run?-L. s.
A. The record is held by William
Barrett. who in 1925, while with Dam
Vile, Va, knocked a ball SOP feet Z
inches at Raleigh. N. c.
@. What Is meant by a woodworking
automobile?-M. B. D.
A. In Germany q wood-gas power
generator Is in use. 1t Is system
whereby wood is burned in such a way
as to generate gas which takes the
place Of gasoline vapor. Only heavy
trucks and BUSES are using it, as the
fuel is heavy. 1t takes about 2la
pounds Of wood per mile. Wood is car
ried in a rack beside the drivers seat
or on the running board. Wood-gas
generators also are used in China.
@. Does an assistant postmaster have
to give bond?-J.M
A. He Is required to give bond.
@. How old is Prince Wilhelm Fried
rich Of Germany?-M. I.
A. He is the eldest son Of the ex-
Crown Prince OF Germany and will be
q years old on July 4.
Q. Is the gold held in this country
but belonging to other countries count
ed In the total amount of gold stock
here?-E. c. w.
A. Foreign earmarked gold in this
country is not counted In monetary
stock.
@. In the early days Of the Republic,
were elections for presidential candi-
dates held on the same day in all the
States?-D. S.
A. Congress has power to determine
the time Of choosing the presidential
electors and on March l, 1892, enacted
that the choice should be made within
"a days preceding the first Wednesday
in December. All States did not choose
the same day. On January rs, 1845.
Congress passed an act providing that
presidential electors should be chosen
on the Tuesday following the first
Monday in November.
@. What are real wages?-S. o.
A. The amount Of purchasing power
represented by nominal wages are the
real wages.
O. When is the Henley Regatta
held?-W. H.
A. This annual open rowing contest
is held in July. 1t lasts three days.
The regatta was established In 1889.
@. How Is henna obtained?-M. M.
A. 1t is obtained from the leaves
of a shrub called henna, which grows
in Northern Africa Arabia, Persia and
the East Indies. Henna is also cult
waited for its fragrant flowers.
@. Was the League Of Nations
projected by Woodrow Wilson before
he attended the Versailles Confer
ence?-H. B.
A. The project Of the League Of
Nations had long been an ideal Of the
War President. 1t Is item fourteen in
the famous fourteen points.
@. What is the foundation for the
Iiqueur known as Curacao?-R. S.
A. 1t is made from the dried peel
Of the Curacao orange.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1933-04-19
Togo, Not BALTIC, Was the
Hero of the Serum Run

To the Editor OF The Star:
On March is in Cleveland Ohio.
dog named BALTIC died. The news
papers carried this news, as he was the
popular hero Of the diphtheria epidemic
in Nome, Alaska. In 1925. Magazine
articles were also written about him.
A statue has been erected to him in
New York City.
Those who are interested in dogs
might be DESTROYS Of hearing the facts
in the case as set forth by the one per-
son who should know
lombard Seppala was requested to
make the run with his dogs to bring in
this serum and he did so.
In a verv interesting book entitled
"Seppala, Alaskan Dog Driver" by
Elizabeth NJ Kicker. printed by Little
Brown Il Co., Boston. In 1880, occurs
the following enliqhtening information
about the dogs who made the run on
this occasion.
Although later relay drives were de-
cided upon. Seppala's team, with a dog
ramed Togo as leader, was chosen by
the officials to make the entire trip
from start to finish. and his team with
Togo leading Travelled over the ice and
snow about $40 miles in the interest Of
the serum. No other team made more
than SO miles. BALTIC. of course. was not
q member Of the team that made the
long journey. SepDala states that he
was amazed and amused that BALTIC had
become hero.
"Ealto was bred and raised by Sep
pala. He had often tried him In a fast
team but he could not qualify. SO he
was used in slow work team. The dogs
in the team with Baltic were sold after
the drive to moving picture concern in
California for a small sum and BALTIC
for a much higher figure on account Of
the publicity given to his glorious
achievements
"Seppala goes on to say: There was
plenty Of scandal connected with the
drive. and there were many runners as
to various individuals concentrating
it. The chief thing which disturbed me
was that TOgoS records were given to
BALTIC. scrub dog. who was pushed into
the limelight and made immortal. 1t
was almost more than I could bear
when newspaper deg BALTIC received a
decked out in Togo's colors, and with
to Point Barrow and part way to the
Pole-when he had never been 200
miles north Of Nome! BY giving him
Togo's records he was established as
the greatest racing leader in Alaska, "
when he was never in winning team!
know, because I owned and raised
Baltic as well as Togo"
The moral. if any, is that the fellow
who does the work always doesn't get
the credit unless ne is wise enough to
have a press agent the copy books to
the contrary notwithstanding.
Those who understand and appreciate
dogs know that Togo-he went to the
| happy hunting grounds on December
| S, l929-was satisfied, knowing that he
had done what his master wished him
to do. But it does seem sort of tough
on the old boy. r. E. ACORN.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1933-04-19
Aliens Favored by j..
Labor Department

To the Editor of The Star:
It seems that the United States Labor
Department has become more interested
In the welfare Of foreigners than of
citizens. Miss Perkins, Secretary Of
Labor, started upon her duties by an
nouncing to the press that she was
going to make the discredited Wicker
sham report her Bible" in deportation
proceedings. She said that she wanted
to follow humane policy" with re-
spect to aliens: but a humane policy
toward aliens may imply an inhuman
policy toward American citizens who
would be deprived Of jobs by alien
laborers, whose standards of living would
be lowered by alien competition and
whose institutions would be undermined
by allen radicals and racketeers. Miss
Perkins has said nothing in behalf Of
American citizens with respect to immi-
grafton.
After announcing this policy, she pro-
ceeded to dismiss q large number of
Federal employees whose duty 1t was to
break up alien smuggling gangs and to
Dust aliens here in violation of our laws
respecting alien contract labor. The
dismissal action was followed up by
asking for the appointment of Mr.. Nc
Cormack, q naturalized citizen, who was,
therefore, once himself an alien, to be
commissioner Of immigration. Presum-
ably, q naturalized rather than q native
born citizen was requested to be ap-
pointed to this Job because 1t was felt
that his heart would melt when . for
eigner applied for admission. Miss
Perkins has now, without giving any ex-
PLANTATION. rescinded the order requiring
aliens seeking admission to be finger
printed. When q citizen enters the
Army or Navy to serve his country or
Is employed by the Government his
fingerprints are taken, and no one has
ever displayed any emotion because he
had to have his fingers temporarily
smeared with ink. This is not consid-
cred q disgrace, as 1t Is q means OF
identification. Presumably, the present
Labor Department Is so sympathetic
with aliens seeking to enter that 1t can
not bear the idea OF an alien being in
convenienced In having his fingers
smeared. The fact that fingerprints
one seeking to come unlawfully makes
no difference in the eyes Of our Labor
Departments humane policy" must
extend to law violators as well as to law
observers
It would seem, therefore, that the
American people cannot expect much in
respect to enforcement OF the immigra-
ton laws during the present admins
tration. I am Democrat who sup
ported the party ticket at the last cleo
ton, but am ashamed Of the immigra-
ton policy being pursued. Can it be
that the New York wing Of the Demo-
cratic party. which has been tradition
ally opposed to the restriction OF i'm
migration. has gained control Of our
Labor Department? F. WILSON.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1933-04-19
The Moscow Trial.

Probably the outside world will never
know the true inwardness Of, or the
complete truth about, the sabotage
espionage trial Just ended at Moscow
with the conviction Of two British cleo
trical engineers, the deportation Of three
others. and the acquittal Of one. OF
eleven Russian co-defendants, ten were
sentenced to terms up to ten years. and
one was cleared. OF the convicted
Britishers Macdonald. the only one to
plead guilty. received q two-year prison
sentence. The other, Thornton. de-
scribed Is . military spy by the Rus
sian prosecutor, was sentenced to
three-yesr term.
The trial became an international
episode Of the first magnitude because
Of the vehement protests lodged with
the Soviet government by the British
government. The London authorities
claimed from the outset that the whole
case was . "frame-up," lacking any
sort Of evidential foundation that would
have been admissible as testimony In
British or American court Of law. The
indicted men for q long time were de-
MED advice Of counsel or conference
with their official countrymen. They
were subjected to the third degree, Ogpu
model; kept in solitary confinement, and
made victims Of q variety Of other forms
of pressure designed to bolster up the
case which the Communist law" au-
thorities were determined to maintain
at all costs.
Doubtless there was some fire where
even this Soviet smoke appeared, or
was made to appear. But the fact that
the British government carried its pro-
test to the point Of withdrawing its
Ambassador from Moscow and threat
ened to terminate commercial rela-
lions with Russia Is sufficient proof that
the entire atmosphere in which the
prosecution was instituted was suspect
in the highest degsee. The Metro
politan-Vickers Company. whose en-
p1OyCS WClC AhNVAVSa, SAoWS WAss>s Az
thinks Of the Soviet procedure by
prompt reinstatement Of the men who
were charged with wrecking the i'm
portant works which the British cor
poration was erecting In Russia.
This mornings news from London
that the privy council had been sum-
moned In special session at Windsor
Castle, with King George presiding, for
the purpose Of calculating a procla-
nation prohibiting Russian imports
speaks for itself. 1t may be that the
immediate purpose of such action Is
to induce Moscow to set aside the YER
diets against the convicted Englishmen,
at least to the point Of not imprisoning
them. The British market for Soviet
wares Is something the Communists
cannot afford lightly to lose.
No matter how the whole business
turns out, 1t Is patent that the cause
Of Anglo-Russian relations has not
been promoted by it; and 1t is little
less evident that the outside worlds
confidence in the trustN orthiness OF
the Soviet system has not been
strengthened. Moscow Is destined to
realize sooner or later that the juridical
tragi comedy it so deliberately staged
was q costly performance.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1933-04-19
The Chinese Eastern Railway.

Apprehension is expressed lest serious
trouble develop between Japan and
Russia over the Chinese Eastern Rail-
way which traverses the territory of
Manchuria. This line Is a shortcut
branch OF the Transsiberian Railway
from Chita to Vladiyostok. 1t was built
shortly after the war between Japan
and China. fought in 1895. on the basis
CT treaty between Russia and China
negotiated III 1896 at st. Petersburg
now Leningrad-betWeen Count White,
then Russian premier. and Ii Hung
Chang, who went from Picking to Russia
as special envoy ON the occasion Of the
coronation of Nicholas II. Under It's
terms the road was to be owned jointly.
with equal shares, by Russia and China.
When Japan defeated Russia In the
war CT 19O4-5 and compelled its with
crawsl of its holdings in Manchuria.
the Chinese Eastern Railway remained
In Russian hands On those terms OF
partnership with China. Its manage
friction between Russia and China, Gull
mirating in the Summer of 1929 in
brief conflict which was settled by ad-
jllStments with which China was COM
PEELED to be satisfied. though they still
left the administration Of the line In
Russian control.
When the new state Of Manchukuo
was organized about year and a half
ago it took over Chinas interest in the
read. 1t was then expected that Japan
would endeavor to acquire the line as a
part Of the South Manchuria Railway,
although at that time there was no
physical connection between the two,
the Japanese-owned line ending at
Changcnun, about $50 miles south OF
Hardin, through which the Chinese
Eastern runs. That gap is bridged by
Chinese-built line which has bsen taken
over by the new state.
Now, according to q dispatch from
Moscow, the Japanese are demanding
the return of engines and freight cars
which were withdrawn by the Soviet
government during the suspension Of
traffic due to the Manchurian conflict.
The Russians claim that these engines
and cars did not belong to the Chinese
Eastern and that this demand is but q
subterfuge The japanese, on the other
hand, maintain that the rolling stock
removed belong to the line and, further
more, that the Russians have been
transporting war materials to Vladi-
vostok by the cid route which skirts the
northern boundary of Manchukuo.
The international ownership OF the
Chinese Eastern has long been recog-
nized as q troublesome factor in Asiatic
affairs. and 1t Is especially % In the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1933-04-19

present situation. It = not 10 be ex-
pected that Russia will yield it, share in
the property. which u Of such vital i'm
portance ~ . part Of the Tfanssiberian
system. nor Il 1t to be believed that
Japan will indefinitely assent to inter-
national ownership in q line Of such
strategic value to . potential enemy.
Izvestia, the Soviet government organ
at Moscow, declares that Japanese
circles" In Manchukuo have decided
upon definite seizure of the line on the
LIST Of May. II that should come to
pass the Far Eastern situation may be-
come even more complex than 1t is at
present.