davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-01-28
CONT RACT

AWE
BY w. f. M'KENNEY
Secretary American Bridge League


TINE most abused bid in contract
a bridge is the game demand
forcing bid. Partnerships are
wrecked and games are lost by fore
ing bids made by unthinking part
nerS.
Before making forcing bid stop
and think of the responsibility that
you place, not only on your partner,
but on yourself.
When you make a game demand
bid, you insist that your partner
keep the bidding open until the final
declaration is a game going con-
tract, and he must do this if his
hand is absolutely trickless.
UNFORTUNATELY, many play
~ ers who make game demands
forcing bids believe that the respon-
sibiilty rests entirely with partner
For example, have seen players
open with, let us say, two spades.
Their partner responds with two no
trump, they then bid three hearts
and now partner, who has been as
sured by the original forcing bid
that the bidding would continue
until game is reached, shows his
preference of the two suits named
by the original bidder by bidding
three spades.
However, he has plenty of strength
to assure game and now the un-
thinking original bidder, feeling that
his partner is merely endeavoring
to show a preference between the
two suits, will pass and a game con
tract is lost.
You have no right to pass, after
once making an original forcing two
bid, or jump shift response, until
a game contract is reached.
Unless your hand meets the eX-
ceptionally strong requirements for
forcing bids, play safe and simply
make a constructive bid
If partner has anything, he will
respond With constructive BID and
you can safely and surely arrive
at the best spot at which the hand
should be played
Avoid psychics-they ruin part
nerships and lose more points than
they gain. The one over one should
only be made with a biddable suit.
Don't make a psychic one over one
simply to force your partner. Let
him know that he can count on a
biddable suit from you.
In all my bridge during 1882, !
saw but two hands that I felt were
strong enough to open with an orig
inal two bid, and at that I believe
that my percentage was fairly high
Copyright. 1888. by NEA Service. Inc.l
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-01-28
TO
Be SPEECH TOPIC

citizenship will be the subject
of Albert Stump, Tuesday night,
when he addresses members of the
Girls Friendly society of Christ
church in the parish house. Dinner
will be served at E
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-01-28
Card Parties

Mrs. Mary Doyle will be hostess
for the benefit card party to be
given at $50 Thursday night at the
home Of Hamer Schroup, 624 North
Illinois street.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-01-28
MARY CAPERTON TO WE'D

The
engagement
Of
Miss Mary
EUdHS
CGpertOn
to Richard
Fairbanks Jr.
son Of
Mr.. and Mrs.
Richard
Fairbanks,
800
Sunset lane,
has been
announced
By her
parents,
Mr.. and Mrs.
Woods A.
CdpertOn,
1880 North
Meridian
street.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-01-28

Mrs. Geline Macdonald Bow
man of Richmond, Va, president
of the National Federation of
Business and Professional Women,
will come to Indiana during ma
tional business womens week.
March to II, for three addresses,
sponsored by clubs affiliated with
the state ard national declarations.
She will be guest speaker for a
luncheon planned on March by
the Lafayette Business and Pro
essional Women's Club, and Will
be honor guest for a reception to
follow. On March 6 she will speak
at a program, sponsored by the
Fl. Wayne Club, and on March Z,
for the Marion Club.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-01-28

Luncheon to Be Held
Mrs. Laura McKelzy. % South
Butler avenue, will be hostess for
the meeting of the A. w. T. en-
broidery club, Thursday. A covered
dish luncheon will be served.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-01-28
Council to Install

Pocahontas council $50 will hold
public installation of officers and
entertainment, Wednesday. at North
street and Capitol avenue.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-01-28
Rabbi Milton Steinberg to
Lecture at Meeting of
Department Club Group
Tea and Musical Program Will Follow Talk
Before Literature Drama Section on
Wednesday Afternoon.

Rabbi Milton Three Dramas of Human
Denyob the The Prometheus
Aesehyus before the department Of the Woans De
partment club a Wednesday,
will follow lecture Mrs Richard
Fielding
Waters Of MinneLonka ~
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-01-28
FURTHER BOOST
OF INCOME TAX
RATE FORECAST
Small Fry Would Be Hit
Hardest If Increase Is
Continued.

This is the last of six articles detail
inr the new federal income tax reGula-
tions that upward of three million more
citizens must meet before March Is.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-01-28
Little Fellow Hit Most

Taxes on big incomes would be
raised by return to the wartime
rates, but not anywhere near as
much as the increase on smaller in
comes.
For example, the $1O00O0-a-year
man who paid taxes Of SIS, 1859 last
year and is paying $4,000 this year
would pay under the war time rate
$35 ,O3O.
The million dollar-a-year man
who paid $240,000 last year and is
paying $571, 600 this year. would paw
under the wartime scale $703,O3O
These $1,000 00-a-year incomes.
however, are getting fewer. In 1881
there were only rs of them. In 1890
there were $50 and in 1929 there
We're 513.
Income they represented dropped
from $1,212,098OOO in 1929 to S162-
$4,000 in 1881; taxes collected on
them dropped from $191 .O54, 900 in
1929 to $26,292 900 in 1881.
More Would Paw
A return to $4,000 exemptions for
married men-instead of the So. 500
allowed now and the $500 allowed
last year-Would mean great num-
bers drawn into the tax-paying
army.
The rate Of the movement for a
return to the war time rates at the
special session of congress will prob
ably depend on what the 1882 in
creaSeS bring in, says Lowell II. Par
ker, chief of staff of congress- Joint
committee on internal revenue TAX
alton.
Parker's staff advises both houses
OF congress on all revenue matters.
"SurtaX rates under the new law
already are as high as SIS per cent.
as compared with a maximum of IS
per cent in 1913" says Parker. THAT
means that if more money is to be
, raised by income tax, it will have to
be raised from a lot of small tax
payers, rather than from few large
taxpayers"
Two Fields Open
According to Parker, there are
only two big fields now for q reve-
nue. increase on a major scale.
One is the proposed increase in
income taxes and the other is the
proposed sales tax. which the treas
ury has estimated would yield
S35O,OOOO00.
But nothing can be done about
higher income taxes until the spe-
cial session of congress convenes
after the Roosevelt inauguration.
fTHE END
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-01-28
TEXANS MOVE
TO Get RID OF
DRY STATUTES
Prohibition Is Written in
State Constitution; Con-
slider Sales Tax.
BY DICK VAUGHAN
Times stan Writer

AUSTIN. Tex. Jan. 2s.-Two
things make governors, according to
James E. Ferguson, husband Of
Governor Miriam A. Ferguson and
the outstanding politician in Texas
for eighteen years-aSsurances that
the people will be given something
they want. and that something
which is depressing them will be
taken away.
Texas has great prospects that the
legislature now in session under the
administration of FerguSon'S wife.
Mrs. Miriam A. Ferguson, will give
1t something it wants. and take
away something it doesn't want.
Texas wants to become wet again,
1t became apparent last summer
when referendum on resubmission
carried to /, and it wants relief
from property taxes.
Severe Dry Statutes
Since 1918, Texas has had the
severest dry statutes in the United
States. The dry provision in the
state constitution is automatic. Pen
altieS Of from one to five years in
the penitentiary with no suspended
sentences are provided in the con-
StltutlOn so that if all state dry laws
were repealed the constitution auto
matically would keep the state dry.
ResubmisSion of the dry constitu-
tional provisions is proposed in two
resolutions introduced, and it is GER
tain that reSubmiSSion will be or
dered
Pending reSubmisSion a bill has
been introduced to declare 80 per
cent beer and l per cent wine non
lntoXlcatings a Sale-regulating bill
also has been introduced The non
Intoxicating beer bills stand a good
chance of passing.
Beer Sale Proposed
The Intoxicating" beer could
be sold in soft drink parlors, gro
cerles, restaurants, hotels and drug
stores, it could be sold in 12-ounce
bottles only and sales could not be
made Sundays, election days or be-
tween midnight and 7 a. m.
A stamp tax of half a cent a bottle
to go to the state, and state. coun-
ty and city license tax of 500 for
places where drinks were served and
$50 where sold only, to be divided
5O-25-25, are proposed.
Texas probably will embark on a
revenue-raising experiment in the
form of a 3 per cent sales tax to be
collected on all sales except those
OF gasoline and Cigarets, on which a
form of sales tax now is levied.
The tax would bring $4500O.OOO a.
year, according to Governor Fergu-
son-enough to pay state debts of
S12,000,000, grant public schools
state aid of $3.50 per pupil, pay all
expenses and at the end of a year
leave a cash balance of S6,0OOOO
The sales tax would amount to
$3.50 per capita. 1t would entirely
replace the state ad valorem tax. or
tax on property. Texas has raised
most of its revenue from a tax on
property, especially. real estate, since
the days of the Republic of Texas.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-01-28
BY ROBERT TALLEY
NEA Service Writer

WASHINGTON, Jan. 28.-Though
tremendously increased federal in
come taxes now are effective, Wash
ington has heard plenty of talk
about a possible return to the peak
rates of war time. and may hear it
again at the forthcoming special
session of congress.
The suggestion for a return to
1918 rates was put forward by DEM
ocratic leaders, bent upon finding
a means for balancing the federal
budget, at a recent conference with
President Elect Roosevelt at New
York.
1t aroused a storm of protest
within the party and without, but at
last reports Mr.. Roosevelt, while
pointing out that the plan did not
originate with him, was willing to
favor it "as last resort.
Those War Time Rates
The wartime rates of 1918, as
compared with the new income tax
law now becoming effective, would
boost the normal rates from per
cent on the first $4,000 and 8 per
cent on the remainder to 6 per cent
on the first $4,000 and II per cent
on the remainder.
Exemption allowed married men
would be reduced from $4,000 to
$4,000, but that of single men would
stand at $1,000. Credits for de-
pendents would be reduced from
$500 to $500 each.
The only time the nation ever
had an income tax as high as 6
and II per cent was in 1918, pay
able in 1919 Surtaxes then ranged
as high as IS per cent, compared
to SIS per cent this year and 20 per
cent last year.
Here is what return to these
wartime taxes would mean, as COM
pared to this year and last year, in
the case of a married man with no
dependents:
NET INCOME, $2,500-Last year.
nothing; this year, nothing; war
time rate, $50.
NET INCOME, $3,00O-Last year,
nothing; this year, $50; war time
rate, $50
NET INCOME, $5,O0o-Last year.
$3.50; this year, $500; war time
rate, $780,
In the above-for the sake of
comparison-the last year" fig
ures do not take into account the
Is per cent tax reduction allowed
on earned income" in that year.
No such credit was allowed in 1918
and none is allowed in the new
1om
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-01-28

"No-Acount David" three-act
comedy drama, will be presented
by st. GATHERINGS Dramatic Club,
in their hall, Shelby and Tabor
streets, Sunday, Jan. 20, 2:15 and
8:15 p. m.
The cast includes Florence
Obergfell, Catherine Houppert,
Mary Roche, Doris Bruce, Ray
mond Bruce, Lawrence Huck, Ed
ward Staub, Joseph Braun, Ed
ward Carroll and John Gartner.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-01-28

Tests passed in troops last year
were: Health, Irene Reimer, Troop
18; compass, Mildred Roberts, Jane
Young, Mary MoWry, Pauline Smith,
Martha Hinkle, Troop Sc; cooking,
Norma Amos, Margaret Dir, Anna
Mae Messlck, Kathryn Meier Olga
Phillips, Ellen Messick. Louise
Moody, Mary Belden, Arlyn Neu
Laura Hollenbaugh, Doris PohIar,
Troop 48; Pauline McGoldcrick
Lucille Bennett, Lorene Humphry;
compass, Norma Grace, Lorene
Humphrey, Mildred Guion, and
map making, Violet Ripley, Troop
81.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-01-28

Troop % is planning a Court of
Awards, to be held next week at
Tabernacle Presbyterian church
with Lois Morton in charge.
Three songs were sung at Troop
%, Speedway School, Wednesday
under the direction of Mrs. Betty
Detmore, captain. Betty Kteutzing-
er has been appointed scribe for the
troop.
Troop 81 is planning to hold a
joint party with Boy Scout Troop
so at the Communal building. Miss
Clara Silverman is in charge. The
Scouts spent last meeting planning
the winter frolic
Scouts of Troop SO working on
first class have started notebooks
on first aid under the direction of
Mrs Henry Stiles.
Mrs. J. F. Mccormick of Troop IS
invested Nellie Jane Bryant at
BrightWood M. E. church.
Girls in Troop 48 are learning
carries and resuscitation for fire
prevention badges at ST. Mark S En-
glsh Lutheran church.
Mrs. E. A. Gardner captain of
Troop so, assisted the Scouts with a
court of awards program Monday
at Meridian Heights Presbyterian
church.
Troop 81, New Augusta high
school, is planning an entertain
ment and court of awards for the
parents.
All Girl Scouts and their leaders
are invited to attend a display Of
Indian handiwork and costumes, to
be held next week at L. S. Ayres
&; Co.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-01-28

Photo by kindred.
Mrs. c. E. Sunthimer
Mrs. c. Z. Sunthimer is art
chairman Of the Parent Teachers
Federation.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-01-28

Troop % is planning a Court of
Awards, to be held next week at
Tabernacle Presbyterian church
with Lois Morton in charge.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-01-28

TRIAL SIZE IA 2ss VALUE IOG
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-01-28
Girl Scouts

Investiture services were held for.
Urto SlOmenski, Troop 3, Marjorie
Kershner, Troop 7, Jane Cravens
and Jean Steiner, Troop 48.
At the reorganization Of Troop 8
Thursday new club leaders were
elected: Helen Eldridge, bandag-
ing; Betty Hammerstadt, signaling,
and Martha Johnson, signalers'
badge New patrol leaders elected
were Helen Marker, Dorothy Jane
Hendrickson Betty Hamerstart, Jul
liza Jean Rove Jane Gillespie and
senior patrol, Betty SOehner.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-01-28

Scouts of Troop SO working on
first class have started notebooks
on first aid under the direction of
Mrs. Henry Stiles.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-01-28

Mrs. J. F. Mccormick of Troop IS
invested Nellie Jane Bryant at
BrightWOod M. E. church.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-01-28

Girls in Troop 48 are learning
carries and resuscitation for fire
prevention badges at St. Mark En-
gHsh Lutheran church.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-01-28

Troop 81, New Augusta high
school, is planning an entertain
ment and court of awards for the
parents.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-01-28

Centenary Christian-The Rev. r. T.
Gwyn, pastor. Morning theme, The Lord
Is Mindful of His own; night, a pageant,
"One Clear Call"
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-01-28

Mrs. f. A. Gardner, captain of
Troop so, assisted the Scouts with a
court of awards program Monday
at Meridian Heights Presbyterian
church
Evening star., 1933-05-28

Or perhaps a levee breaks somewhere above.
the town. II the break is not too near the
worst that happens Is usually couple OF feet
of water in the streets and in the lower floors
of the houses, polluted drinking water, inter
rupted telegraph and telephone service and
suspended business.
People carry their belongings to upper floors
and move about the town philosophically In
rowboats
Gradually the waters drain of, the towns
people shovel away the mud from their homes,
stores and streets and mend the drains and
sidewalks
Neighboring farmers rejoice in q new rich
layer Of topsoil brought down, in part from
the Appalachians. Enterprising merchants send
in claims to the insurance companies. proudly
paint streak labeled "Flood level, 1929" on
the store front, and hang out damage sale ad-
vertisements
The great danger lies in a break in the dikes
In front of the town, because the waters, which,
without the embankments, would have spread
gradually over an area, come swooping through
he opening with terrific force that carries away
houses stores, cows and unfortunate people
caught in their path
During the record-breaking flood Of 1927 the
dikes broke in 145 places
Ever since men have coveted land in the
normal fioodbed Of the Mississippi, they have
attempted to protect themselves with earthen
levees These layered and reinforced embank-
ments, averaging 20 feet in height at present,
are still the main defense.
THEY have their limitations, however. Some
last year. some a hundred years, accord
ing to the water force to which they are sub
jected.
As bird flies, the distance from Cairo to
New Orleans is about 600 miles; by river 1t
Is more than 1000 miles.
There was q time when it was thought
possible to raise levees on both sides Of the
Evening star., 1933-05-28

river for the entire distance, thus making nign
artificial banks Experiments showed that TINS
conining of the Spring waters to marrow
limit increased their force and speed 70 sucn
a degree that they tore away the levees IN
great sections making things worse than before
A number Of schemes were offered to solve
the problem. One involved the pumping OF the
water off through canals to the desert region
of the West. A Wonderful plan, but too costly
even for the United States.
Reservoirs along the tributaries were seriously
considered. They. too. were rejected when It
was found that, in addition to their high cost
of construction, they would require as much
money for annual upkeeep as Is lost In the
floods.
Certain engineers advocated Strengthening the
channel, thus insuring rapid drainage. Certain
bends and curves were cut off. Unfortunately.
the river refused to stay straight The least
obstruction started it of on a new course
After the flood Of 1927, when $500 square
miles of bottom land went under water and the
damage exceeded $125,000000 the Federal Gov
ernment went at the problem OF flood control
in a more determined way than had ever been
done before.
A comprehensive plan was made In CO.
operation with local authorities.
According to this plan, by 1888 there win be
1900 miles Of Ievees between Cairo and New
orleans In sections where the population
is small, second and even third lines Of leveeG
are being built behind the first line.
When the waters reach dangerous volume.
controlled breaks will be made in the front
lines at carefully calculated spots to permit q
Iessening of the volume through spinways and
side channels.
A LONG the river are a number of swamp
n areas No effort will be made to keep the
waters out of them. These swamps will act as
reservoirs and, in a sense, benefit from the
overfows, each of which brings down heavy
Continued on Fifteenth Page.
Evening star., 1933-05-28

Lne eIupttOH udS Uccu AlcA AooS-
And no matter how often the Mississippi
goes over her banks, people will go back to
live in her flood basin. Only one thing Will
ever keep them away-hood control so per1ect
that the bottom-lands longer receive their
enriching deposits of silt from the Spring over
flows.
Nine months of the year Father Mississippi
Is as sleepy and sluggish as elderly, over
stuffed snake; the other three months he Is
as swift and treacherous as panther.
When De Soto explored the valley he met
one of the floods. Indians assured him that
such waters came regularly about every IA
years. It was estimated then that the river
spread itself for 40 leagues on each side OF
its usual bed
It is too much to expect men to keep away
from the fertile soil along the Mississippi and
its branches because Of the great floods that
come four or five times in lifetime
THE milder annual Spring overhows bother
u them not at all-in fact, they enjoy them.
About February the loafers in the stores and
barber shops along the lower Mississippi begin
to speculate on the height the waters will
reach.
Somebody has read that Western Pennsyl-
vania or Wisconsin or Nebraska has been hav-
ing unusually heavy rains, rains which must
be carried off in time by the Big River
"Bet'cha two-bits she comes to the top of
the levee," they say enthusiastically
The storekeeper chuckles. We'll got my
insurance paid up"
His wife sighs ''Mebbe we ought to think
about takin' up the parlor carpet. That flood
water stains something awful"
She does not worry, though for few people
lose their lives in even the biggest foods. And
there is a certain pleasure in calamitieS that
the whole neighborhood shares.
Day by day reports trickle in. The rains
have continued to fall swelling the tributary
rivers Pittsburgh reports flood stage. with
Evening star., 1933-05-28

empty freight cars shunted onto the tracks
along the banks to hold the rails down.
few days later Cincinnati has water
creeping up into her lower streets and barrels
afloat in river-front cellars
Then Louisville Is heard from.
About two weeks after Pittsburgh puts up its
cry, Cairo, at the junction of the Ohio and
Mississippi sends out an alarm.
As long as the Ohio alone is reaching un-
usual heights, no one along the Mississippi is
disturbed. The great river receives drainage
from 81 States. Only when the whole vast area.
covering two-fifths of the United States. Is
shedding rain from ground too soaked to hold
more is there danger down river
In flood time the advance of the crest from
Cairo to New Orleans takes about two weeks
DAY after day everybody goes down to the
river front to watch the rise of the muddy.
yellow stream, which is no longer placid.
Uprooted trees and large branches begin to
Evening star., 1933-05-28

ok4OOs W. ONNp
Sional hic X e n
houses and dead
cows and mules.
Thrifty or ad-
venturous lads
make daring ven
lures in boats to
salvage what they
can. Flood time
is high carnival to
the Huck . Firms
and Tom Sawyers.
Most of the
towns of the Lower
Mississippi are
now protected by
dikes or Ievees. In
ordinary years
tn Sc embank-
ments are sufh-
cient protection,
although there Is
always danger that
the river viii Scour
out the old cham
mel and undermine
the struc tur e,
causing its col
lapse.
Evening star., 1933-05-28

Laying the as
phalt-and-d..st
carpet, which
is the newest
method Of
protecting the
NesU Orleans
levees. Machin-
cry for handling
this huge job is
shoaon in the
accompanying
picture.
Evening star., 1933-05-28
Mewest De0elop-
meutS MF1oodCon-
trolAlomg the Mis-
sissippi, Where
Part ofAmerica5
Unemployed Mil
Be Put to Work.
RY K1THARINE III. AMEND.

\ 20 matter how fiercely Vesuvius pours
n out her lava on the towns around
her. the inhabitants who have es-
capped death always go back to live
in her shadow, eternally hopeful that
the er,lptiOn has been her last