davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1933-05-17

did not exist in 1914. More than $75,-
100000 Is required annually for the
maintenance Of the Air Corps, without
which an army Is not an army nova
days. In addition, the sum of $780,
000, 900 Is needed for direct and indirect
support Of the National Guard, the
Omcers' Reserve Corps and various
phases Of civilian training. The World
War demonstrated conclusively the need
for q modest program Of this kind. De-
Quoting these new items we find that
we are not spending any more money
per man now than we did In 1914. And
this IN spite Of higher living costs and
living standards. In other words, our
military budget has increased only be-
cause atrplanes, chemical warfare and
tanks have come into the picture, and
are now essential parts Of every up-to-
date military machine.
We cannot possibly turn back the
clock to 1914. Warfare has become
complicated, not only by aircraft and
anti-aircraft weapons and by chemicals,
but by swarms of machine guns, rapid
fire cannon and other intricate and
devastating devices Of destruction. Pre-
paration for defense against these
things costs money-but this fact does
not justify us in neglecting reasonable
precautions. II we were to 60 back to
1914 we might as we'll abolish the Army
entirely, for we should be as helpless
as a babe against another nation with
modern equipment.
It Is a matter of history that the
Central Powers were completely disre-
gardfll, II not disdainful, Of American
military strength in the years just pre-
ceding our entry into the World War
II the United States had then possessed
the skeletonized framework of a strong
establishment, such as we have en-
deavored to maintain for the past 10
years, there is strong reason to believe
that Germany would never have pro-
voked the United States into that con-
f1ict. And it Is interesting to note that
if our money costs of that war could be
invested at 4 per cent the resulting in
come would support forever our Army
and Navy at twice their present
strength.
In numbers our Army ranks seven
teenth among the nations Of the world
However, it is framework upon which
large and efficient force could be
built up within a reasonable time. Since
it is intended for defense only we make
no attempt to maintain a great military
establishment ready to act aes>Ssively
and Instantly in any internationa crisis.
Fortunately We have no sensitive land
frontiers and no strong potential enemy
at our very gates. But students Of ma
tional defense are practically unanimous
in their opinion that we cannot afford
to abandon, or permanently and drasti-
cally to reduce, the present program
until the world is definitely organized
to settle all international disputes by
amicable means.
This does not mean that any op-
portunity for reduction in current costs
Is being overlooked. The 1884 appro-
priations for the Army are S65,000, 900
less than the sums appropriated in 1881.
These great savings have been effected
by curtailing many important activities.
Every possibility is being assiduously
explored. II long continued. some of
the reductions already made might have
Evening star., 1933-05-17
most serious and damaging effects upon

most serious and damaging effects upon
our readiness for emergency.
Our Army is far different in character
from the powerful military organizations
maintained in many of the other great
nations. In practically all European
and Asiatic countries armies are main
tanned by CONSUMPTION: that Is. by COM
pulsory military service. Since the in
dividual soldier receives almost no pay,
a very large military establishment can
be maintained at an exceedingly low
cost. The system also results In an
almost instantaneous readiness for at
tack or defense In this country the
idea of compulsory military service in
time Of peace has always been an abb
horrent one, and our Army is organized
on a purely voluntary basis. This neces-
states living wage for personnel.
France pays her common soldiers 70
centimes per day or about $l.50 per
month, compared with a normal pay of
$2l per month in our own Army.
Naturally then, our small Regular Army
costs much more than similar force
in Europe Even so, foreign armies are
so large that their governments are re-
quired to devote much larger portions
Of their annual budgets to military pur
poses than we do.
In some respects the non military &C
tivitieS of the War Department are
more interesting than the military be-
cause they are of more immediate
constructive nature. The record made
by the Corps of Engineers is a source Of
pride to the entire Nation. The unex-
celled technical education, the high
standard IN training and engineering
skill. the fine record of performance,
the freedom from graft or scandal, and
the pride Of the men in their organiza-
ton have made the Army Engineers one
Of the most outstanding professional
groups Of this country
The Army Engineers for more than a
century have been in charge of our
ports and have maintained our great
harbors. They have produced the sys-
tenn Of water transportation on the
Great Lakes, which is second to none
in the world They have made our
inland waterways navigable for COM
merce, and they have constructed the
levees and other food control works on
the Mississippi They built the Wilson
Dam power plant at Muscle Shoals and
supervised the building of the Panama
Canal. which the War Department ad-
ministers and operates.
The expenditures on rivers and har-
DOrS, since the Deglnflng, nave Deen
nearly one billion nine hundred mil
lion dollars. which is not an excessive
sum, considering the results. The trade
and commerce of the country are de-
pendent on these improvements. The
commerce Of our ports and WATERWAYS
amounts to about 500 million tons per
year, valued at Is to 20 billion dollars
The policy of developing ports and
rivers at public expense has had a
marked influence in the phenomenal
growth Of our country in wealth and
world trade.
The contributions made by the Armv
Air Corps to progress in the science of
air transportation are too numerous to
mention. The Ordnance Department
has been responsible for some Of the
most important discoveries in the met
allurigical field. Control of malaria,
typhoid and yellow fevers was largely
Evening star., 1933-05-17

made possible by the devotion and skin
of Army doctors. The pacification OF
the Philippines and the great advances
made by the Filipinos and the Puerto
Ricans in education, sanitation and
commercial development are In no small
measure due to the efforts Of the Ameri-
can Army. The War Department is
still charged with the administration
Of the Philippine Islands and Puerto
Rico, and to this extent constitutes the
Colonial division Of our Federal Gov
ernment.
In closing this talk remind you
that have learned most of these things
since became Secretary Of War. But
have not become in any sense
militarist. More than this, and sur
prising as it may sound, it Is my con-
viction that Army and Navy ofncers
are the most sincere and most practi-
cal pacifists in this country today. They
have made me appreciate more keenly
than ever before Just what grim and
costly tragedy this business Of war
really is. More than ever before I
want to prevent its recurrence, and 1t
is for this reason that I have deter
mined TO learn every possible fact con-
cerning 1t and Of needful preparations
against it. 1t is my sincere hope that
every one Of our people may likewise
become conversant with these facts. be-
cause matters involving the national
security touch directly upon the vel
fare of every American citizen.
Evening star., 1933-05-17

vail" and Thrice armed is he that
hath his quarrel just yet 1 am willing
tOgrant that war does not necessarily
prove which side is right; it only proves
which side is the stronger. So SYM
pathize with those who say, "Individ
uals no longer settle quarrels with their
fists, they settle them in court. Why
cannot nations do likewise?"
The simple fact remains that nations
are not doing likewise. hence ordinary
prudence prompts preparedness.
After all, we are still building fences
around our backyards to keep our
neighbors and our neighbors' children
out.
Moreover, our cities still find it neces-
sary to maintain police departments to
protect decent people against criminals
and gangsters. In other words, the use
of force has not yet disappeared in our
local affairs, any more than 1t has in
international affairs.
And so, with all our aspirations to-
ward universal peace and brotherhood,
let us keep the realities in mind and
not soar of into an imaginary world.
It may be true that an Army does
not produce wealth, but neither does
the bank vault or safe deposit box
which protects your money and valu-
ables.
The War Department, far from being
wasteful. extravagant. useless ma
chine, actually performs one OF the
Evening star., 1933-05-17

fundamental functions laid down in the
preamble to the Constitution-that Of
providing for the common defense. 1t
also carries on peace-time activities OF
the highest value.
Today, the Army is engaged in tre-
mendouS non-military project-that of
mobilizing, equipping, transporting, and
maintaining 275,00O members of the
Civilian Conservation Corps. Few peo-
pie realize that this is a bigger task
than was the mobilization of the Army
for the Spanish American War
There is nothing of a military char
acter IN this reforestation work AS
the President said in his radio speech
the other night, it Is program for
the conservation of our natural re-
sources and of our human resources
as well. 1t calls for the mobilization
Of these young men to provide for a
future timber supply for the Nation
The group will be chiefly composed Of
picked young men, who. in normal
times, would be starting on their ca
reers, after having finished their school
education. In these hard times they
can find no jobs, and hence cannot get
start in life. Many. many of them
have never had job of any kind.
Through no fault of their own they
are in danger of developing demoraliz-
ing habits of idleness and the vicious
practices that come from idleness. The
Evening star., 1933-05-17
DERN WILL GET DEGREE

Secretary Of War Dern will receive
the honorary degree Of doctor Of laws
from the Pennsylvania Military College,
Chester. Pa. at its l12th commence
ment exercises June g.
The degree will be conferred by Rev.
Francis M. Taitt. bishop of the Epis-
copal diocese Of Pennsylvania and
president Of the colleges board Of
trustees.
Secretary Dern will be given a salute
Of 19 guns from Thea cadet battery on
his arrival and a military demonstra-
ton will include squadron of service
planes.
Evening star., 1933-05-17

NOtlOnS are MOI supported.
Holding these extreme views, they
believe that the maintenance of our
military establishment is a needless and
almost vicious expenditure Of money
wrung from overburdened taxpayers.
facts do not support these notions II
they did, the Army and Navy would
surely have been abolished long ago
Indeed, such overstatements probably
hurt rather than help the cause Of
peace.
Although I refuse to give up the old
notices, Truth is mighty and will pre-
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1933-02-27
BOYS In INDUSTRIAL ARTS
DEPARTMENT AT WORK ON
BENCHES FOR CITY STREETS
Public Invited to See
Chain of Operation
This Week
By /, K. SINGLEY

The public of Hendersonville
and the many tourists who visit
the city each summer will be in
terested to learn that the indus
trial arts department Of the high
school has been turned into a
factory for two weeks for the
purpose of manufacturing green
benches for the city streets Of
Hendersonville.
Since Tuesday of last week,
these benches have been in the
process of being made. The
benches-at least so in number
will be eight feet in length
and will have three supports.
The supports are built up of
two pieces of two-by-twelve
dowelled and glued together. In
addition, the supports have a
three-fourths inch panel extend
ing across to catch both pieces
of the support. thereby insuring
this member against its coming
apart.
The bench has been designed
with special consideration given
to it's comfort. We hope that
our tourists will not find a more
comfortable seat in this part OF
the state. 1t was suggested that
the benches have a foot rest but
it was decided that this piece
would very likely be broken of
and then, too, as the bench is
now designed one may very cas-
lily sweep under it. The strength
longitudinally is furnished by
V-shaped braces nailed to the
back. On the end of each
bench tackled to the panel will
appear the letter oh" Tackled
to the back on the front side will
be the name plate of the manu-
facturers which will read, "Made
by Industrial Arts Department,
City High School,"
The public is cordially invited
and urged to visit this depart.
ment during this last week ano
see the boys in action. All boys
taking industrial arts work are
contributing their services in
producing these benches. Every
boy is intensely interested in the
project and is happy that he can
do this civic work.
Each boy is assigned his par,
ticular job and is held RESPONSE
bic for his part. There is q
chain of operation beginning
with a squad of boys who cut
out the pieces to the group who
paint the bench and the last boy
who puts on the name plate
Our city is very fortunate ir
having its school equipped tt
handle a project of this kind. We
have six machines in this depart
CONTINUED on page four)
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1933-02-27
By FREDERICK A. STORM
United Press Staff Correspondent

HYDE PARK. N. Y, Feb. 81.
(UP).-President-e ELECT Roosevelt
yesterday formally announced
that Henry A. Wallace of Des
Moines, Iowa. would be his secre-
tary of agriculture and that Jas.
A. Farley of New York would be
postmaster-general.
Seated before his desk in the
study at his home here Mr.. Roose-
welt gave the names of the two
to newspapermen who saw him a
few minutes after he had re-
turned over the snow-swept roads
from the village Episcopal church.
81 think that's ALL" he smilingly
commented. "There will be more
tomorrow. however.
Then he went to lunch with
Homer Cummings, former Demo-
cratic national chairman of Con-
necticut, who is slated to become
governor-general of the Philip.
pines; Col. Robert Mccormick,
Chicago publisher, and Mr.. and
Mrs. Ogden Reid of New York.
The selection of Wallace AMI
Farley as members of the official
family occasioned no surprise.
Both were regarded as certainties
months ago, Wallace after he
aligned divergent farm forces be.
hind the Roosevelt agricultural
relief program.
Friends of the president-elect
described Wallace. an occasional
visitor to Hyde Park and Warm
Springs, Ga, as not the represen"
tative of any particular farm
group but known equally well In
the South and East as we'll as the
West.
They added that he worked on
the original domestic allotment
bill.
He is the son of the late Henry
C. Wallace who served as secre-
tary of agriculture in the Harding
and Coolidge administration.
Farley. it was said in authorize
tive sources, would remain as ma
tional chairman. and also New
York state chairman of the Dem
ocratic party. National headquar.
tiers. it was expected. would be
moved from New York City tc
! permanent offices in Washington
Five more names have yet tt
be announced by Mr.. Roosevel'
before the cabinet is complete
Advisers assert they will be those
of Miss Frances Perkins, secre'
tary, of labor; Senator Claude
Swanson. secretary of the navy
Senator Thomas ]. Walsh. attor.
ney-general; Harold Ickes, secre-
tary of interior, and Daniel e.
Roper. secretary of commerce.
Previously. Mr.. Roosevelt mad:
public the names of Senator Cor.
dell Hull, to be secretary OF state
William C. Woodin, secretary OF
the treasury. and George H. Dern,
secretary of war.
The president-elect declined ia
be drawn into a discussion as 10
whether Cummings would be Civ,
en- the Philippines post.
eve are going to discuss agro'
nomics," he said.
"What's that" he was asked.
ooh. that's new one. yoa'i!
have to get your dictionaries out"
Continued on page four)
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1933-02-27
FOUR FIRES OVER SUNDAY
INCREASE LOSSES HERE:
10 ALARMS IN PAST WEEK
Two Disastrous Blazes
Outside of City Include
the Burning of Flake
Houston Home at Davis
Station

Four fire calls answered by the
local department on Sunday and
early this morning brought the
number of calls for the past week
to 10 within the city limits. and
at least two disastrous fires were
reported outside the city limits.
The department answered four
calls yesterday and early this
morning as follows: Oliver Sum-
mey, colOred, near Eminghaus
street, $50 o'clock. caused by a
flue. Little damage was done.
William Griffin. colored, Cas-
well and Church streets. 9 o'clock,
caused from flue. Several hundred
dollars damage was done to roof.
|. f. Johnson, Fifth avenue
west, about 1870 o'clock yesterday
afternoon, caused from fiue. Lit
tie damage was done.
This morning about 1870 o'clock
the department answered a call
on Spring street where brush and
woods were burning. No damage
was done.
In addition to these fires in the
city limits the home of F. R..
Houston, located on the Brevard
road at Davis Station was COM
pletely destroyed by fire about 9
O'Clock yesterday morning. At the
time the fire department was fight
ing the Griffin fire and could give
no aid.
The house was completely de-
stroyed. and no insurance was
carried on the property. Some of
the furnishings were saved, how
ever.
Mr.. Houston estimated his dam
age at several thousands of dol
lars.
The fire was caused by defec-
tive wiring between the ceiling
and roof.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1933-02-27
BY RANDALL GOULD
United Press Staff Correspondent

PEIPING, China, Feb. 81
(UP).-The Japanese pushed re-
lentlessly forward Sunday. over
the eastern border of Jehol.
Heavy fighting marked the Chi
nese resistance as their troops
were forced back in the struggle
for control Of the province north
of the Great Wall.
Heavy artillery fighting during
the day was reported in the yicin-
ity of Shamao-Shan (meaning
SANDY Headed Mountain") near
Paishihtsugmen Cor "White Stone
Lips Pass."O
The Chinese estimated their
casualties at 500 so far during the
last several days of severe fight
ing as the Japanese main drive
into Jehol proceeded. The artil-
lery battle was at the southern
end of a new line starting some
so miles west of the Peiping-Muk-
den railroad and extending north
east for about 60 miles.
The line to which the Chinese
have fallen back runs behind
Chaoyang, in mid-eastern Jehol,
which was reported in flames and
evacuated following fresh air
raids by Japanese planes.
The Chinese military headquar-
tiers here reported the troops in
the field are conducting a general
maneuver in Jehol calculated
eventually to establish their main
line Of defense at Lingyuan,
where they plan to make a death
stand"
General Chang Hseuh-Liang,
Chinese commander in North
China, ordered reinforcements in
to Jehol when his 10Sth division
reached Launchow. 1t was report
ed that numerous detachmentS Of
the Kuangsi troops-the veterans
who withstood repeated japanese
advances in the siege of Shanghai
were arriving in the region Of
Peiping.
Four brigades of regular army
troops confront 10000 Japanese
soldiers in that sector. coming up
hourly in motor trucks over the
plains and mountain roads.
Further fighting also was re-
ported at Kailu, in northeastern
Jehol, where another $4,000 jap
anese and Manchoukuo troops,
aided by Mongol forces, were en-
deavoring to subdue Chinese guer-
illas before proceeding toward the
south in the general march on
Chengthe-Fu. capital of the prov
ince.
Chinese airplanes. believed TO
be piloted by Caucasians, ap-
peared over Shanhaikwan Sunday
They apparently were scouting
from a base inside the Great Wall.
japanese at Suichung advised that
aerial conflict was expected short
ly.
Manchu-Japanese troops were
! in control Of more than half OF
Jehol province at the end of the
first weeks military operations.
Aided by Chinese reflections
Continued on page four)
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1933-02-27
COUNTY CAGE
TOURNEY WILL
OPEN TONIGHT
inst Round Play Opens
at City Gym at
7 O'clock

IN Ine Henderson county basket
- ~ tournament will get under
~ this evening at Z o'clock in
%, city gymnasium when four
s SS'aeS In the first round will be
ga tne games tonight will find the
V,H Ssner and Etowah girls, the
5. 1ey Hill and East Flat Rock
poaH. the Mills River and Flat
SD boys, and the Edneyville and
Sr, "ah boys meeting in the first
F ';u games of the tournament.
S,, u9 round games will also be
a. Sel on Wednesday and Thurs
p nights. The tournament will
s,I INTO the semi-fnals on Friday
St,!.G3e finals will be played on
sunday hight. 10
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1933-02-27
PUBLIC FAITH
BETTERED BY
BANK CHANGE
Ford Becomes Dictator OF
Detroit Institutions;
Invests Heavily
Bv UNITED PRESS

Banking upheavals all design
ed to strengthen public CONT
dence in the nations financial
system. occurred over a wide
spread area last night and today.
Limitations upon Withdrawals
were made in Cleveland, o., In
dianapolis, Ind. and other small
er Ohio cities.
Henry Ford became one of
Detroit's biggest bankers today
when he accepted the offer to be
dictator of two important banks.
Ford will put $8,250,000 in the
Detroit First National and the
Guardian National banks.
The Fords previously issued a
Joint statement at Detroit in
which they offered to furnish
the capital providing the deposit
tors and directors of the two in
situations had confidence in their
ability to choose men to direct
the affairs of the two banks and
were willing to unite them later
to form one bank.
Under Ford management. the
banks will emphasize safety for
depositors, Cameron's accompany
ing statement revealed. Loans
will not be made for speculative
purposes but only for productive
purposes.
Cameron denied earlier reports
that Ford had refused to coop.
crate in the banking emergency
Ford refused to "freeze his de,
posts" in a bank where he would
be but one stakeholder against
many, it was explained, as his
ideas on banking do not conform
in some respects to those held
by the others in the manage
ment.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1933-02-27
j, s. TO WORK
With LEAGUE
IN FAR EAST
London Levies Temporary
Embargo on Arms for
Use of Japanese

WASHINGTON. Feb. 81. (UP)
The department Of state an
nounced today that the United
States is acting under its own
treaty commitments and, judging
each new situation on its own
merits, will cooperate with the
advisory committee of the League
of Nations in regard to the Far
Eastern problem.
The times-news. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1927-current, 1933-02-27
THU2INGIA BARS
REDS FROM OFFICE

WEIMAR. Germany, Feb. 81.
(UP).-The government of Thur
ingia, in which the Fascists are
influential. yesterday banned the
communists from holding the
posts of president or vice-presi--
dent in town councils throughout
At Wuppertal, in the Rhine
land the right to deliver a pubic
speech was forbidden to former
Finance Minister Rudolf Heller
ding.
The general elections are next
Sunday and police took extra
precautions to maintain order our
ing the remaining week OF the
hot campaign. .E....