davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-05-31
BY ELISA MAR

The 18th year of the monstrous die
tatorShip of Juan Vicente Gomez in
Venezuela has been greeted with ar
ticles extravagantly praising the pros
perity of the country in the capital
list press of the United States. In the
New York Times, the Pictorial Re-
view, the New York American, ETC.,
articles have appeared in which We
nezuela is spoken of as "a paradise
on EARTH" ga country governed by a
noble statesman in which all the in
habitants are happy" "a country
which has escaped the commissions of
the world crisis" etc. And as final
argument to convince the readers of
the truth of their assertions these
publications triumphantly bring for
ward the fact that Venezuela "is the
only country which has no foreign
debt"
The great oil concessions granted
by Gomez to the imperialists involve
not only Standard Oil and Royal
Dutch Shell rights to exploit the pet
roleum deposits, but also to enrich
themselves at the cost Of the blood
and sweat of the Venezuelan work.
ers. With the coming of the crisis
and the restriction of oil production,
the Golfers of the big operators were
full with what had been squeezed out
of the thousands of Venezuelan and
West Indian workers employed in the
oil regions. At the same time the
wages of these workers, even in the
famous period Of prosperity, had been
so meager that when many of them
were discharged and had to return to
the cities and haciendas from which
they had come, they did not even
have enough money to pay for the
trip back.
Venezuela has not escaped the crisis
because it has no external debt. This
can be proved by glancing over the
bulletin published in Caracas by the
Chamber Of Commerce of that coun-
try. From the end Of 1929 up to the
present time this Bulletin, which is
interested in presenting the economic
situation Of the country in its most
favorable aspects, cannot help de-
claring that month by month and
year by year commerce Is being Grip
pied, that the production of oil has
been restricted and continues It's
downward trend, that the price OF
coffee continues to fall, that the fac
tories are closing, that the activity
of the various enterprises and COM
mercial houses is slackening, and the
bolivar Is losing in value.
This means the continuous growth of
hunger and misery among the poems
and all of the toiling elements Of the
city and the countryside. And to
the common lot of all the toilers in
the countries rent by the world crisis
1t Is necessary to add the conditions
Of wild terror which are found in
Venezuela.
The Terror of the Bourgeois Landlord
Government
The main manifestations of this
terror are the large number of ar
rests for trif1ing reasons, the recruit
ments (reclutiamentes), and forced
labor on the roads. The recruitments
and above all work On the Roads
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-05-31

(these roads which have brought so
much praise to Gomez are the hor-
ros of the Venezuelan toilers. The
roads between Caracas and Valencia,
and the Caracas-La Guayra highway
have cost the lives of ten of thou
sands of "colorados" (prisoners
dressed in red who work with ball
and chain.
The Trans-Andian highway in the
region of Mangan alone, Estate of
Trujillo), has buried 1900 workers.
The Eastern Road took thousands of
prisoners from all the jailS of Vene-
zuela who arrived hundreds at time,
every three months, to the deadly
region Of Palenque. Today this is
going on in the region of Los Cocos
and in the construction of the port
Of TUrriamo.
In this road work the men succumb
rapidly due to the miserable food,
the brutal treatment (for political
prisoners especially, the length of
the working day at forced labor, as
well as the deadly climatic conditions
against which no precautions are
taken.
On holidays, when peasants enter
the villages, local authorities carry
out collective recruitments, capturing
the p(ftsants as If they were animals
Once recruited, the workers and peas
ants are forced to do military serv-
ice, the term of which depends only
on the caprice of the Chiefs" The
soldiers encamped in Coigne, Ocu-
mare, Choroni, etc., eight to nine
thousand of them, are forced to work
in the haciendas of Gomez for two
bolivars day. (The bolivar is worth
a little less than twenty cents in gold
but at present its value has dropped
to from fifteen to sixteen cents.)
Political Prisoners
Right now thirty-five men are in
closed in narrow cell of the Rotun-
da in Caracas, without air, without
light, sleeping on the floor and
weighed down with irons of as much
as eighty pounds each. These thirty
five prisoners, the majority of whom
have been incarcerated for more than
two years, are accused Of being Com
muniStS.
Among them are workers, peasants
soldiers, students and professional,
people. Some are not even twenty
years old. They have not beer
granted trial, they are not permitted
to have visitors or lawyers, and me-
dical attention Is not given to them
even though many are suffering from
serious diceases. They are now moi
allowed to receive food which is sent
by their families and friends. This
inevitably means slow death by hun
ger, as it Is impossible to subsist long
on the rancho" the nauseating an6
meager rations of the prison.
Terror In the Haciendas
Most often the owners of the ha-
ciendas or big plantations (hacenda-
dos) are at the same time civil chiefs
or political officials in their own ter
ritory and when this is not the case
such functionaries are named by
them. This business-political con-
nection--helps to bring about bar
barous terror in the countryside.
Bruno Sanabria. big Landlord and
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-05-31

local government official near Santa
Lucia in the State of Miranda, Or
dered that Cupertino ManoS, Is
year old agricultural laborer should
be recruited for forced labor because
the boy had tried to collect II bolivars
which was owed to him for work he
had done. Manos has already done
two years of military service.
Antonio Pimentel, one of the most
powerful Venezuelan landlords, corn-
sellor and intimate friend of Gobez,
has a favorite diversion: raping the
young peasant girls in the region of
Guacara, afterwards forcing a peon
to marry his victim. Many times he
buys the daughters Of the hungry
families on his estates at the current
price of 300 bolivars. The peasant
Mirabel Sanchez, who was about to
be married, was captured by a group
of PimentePs foremen, while another
group forced his sweetheart to the
home of Pimentel. Mirabel has now
been prisoner in La Victoria for 8
years.
Luis Gales, the owner of cattle
ranch near Qua ordered the impri-
sonment of the peon Monico, because
he had hurt a COW in order to save
the life of a woman who was being
attacked by the animal Monico was
a prisoner for several months and
was then forced into the army.
How Agricultural Workers and
Tenants Are Bound to the Land
Faced with the fierce conditions in
the haciendas, the agricultural work.
ers and peasants try to emigrate to
the cities, but the landlords utilize
various methods to keep them tied
down to the land. Most often this is
done by means of debts owed in each
hacienda, or estate, there is store
or commissary, which sells on credit
to the agricultural workers and ten
ants at exorbitant prices. AS the
miserable wage which they receive
never enables them to pay for even
the elementary necessities, they find
themselves always in debt. This is
easy to understand when we con-
slider that the wages of the agricul-
tural workers in the Colon District
Estate of Lara for example, are moi
more than $50 bolivars weekly plus
two cheap drill suits a year. This
wage amounts to less than five cents
in gold daily. Thus debts force their
to remain on the estate for an in
definite time. In the State of Lara
the "Habilitamiento' is used. That il
the peasants are forced to sign a
document before the civil chief in
which they recognize the debt and
pledge to pay it with work. AS a
rule the debt, far from decreasing
grows and the peasant upon death
gives over to his children as a hertz
age the debts which he has con-
tracted with the land owner and they
in turn remain condemned to work
on the estate. The landlords Of Be-
bures in the State of Zulia have a
firing squad shoot the indebted peas
ant who tries to escape. Many Of
the estates in this region belong to
Gomez himself. In Guyana the big
landowners and cattle reisers. sucl,
20 tbs Casedos and Euponsg n.y. q
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-05-31
Marking in Truce
Farley; Japanese
Rush New Troops
Japan Incites to War
Against Soviet Union
in Feng Charge

SHANGHAI, May 30-Ten Japan
csc trainloads of troops, artillery and
munitions have reached Kaiping, 70
miles north of Tientsin, from Mukdeni
according to dispatches from Tient-
sin last night. This move is a pre-
lude to another Japanese advance, as
foreshadowed by Japanese statements
in Tientsin that through trains
would be running from Mukden to
Peiping within a few days" although
the Japanese front now is at least so
miles north of Tientsin.
Japanese Try to Involve Soviet Union.
The Japanese garrison command in
Tientsin is making use of the Feng-
Yu-Hsiang'S revolt at Kalgan to stir
up anti-Soviet agitation, saying Feng
is obtaining Soviet assistance through
Urga, Outer Mongolia. The Japan
ese command declares "our possession
of Kalgan is necessary to ensure the
safety of Jehol," presaging a new
Japanese offensive in the Northwest
of China against Feng.
Chang Kai-Shek, Marking dicta-
tor, left Nanchang, where he is dir
Getting the latest anti-C Communist
campaign, for conference with Nan
king officials near Kiukiang regard
ing the threatened rebellion Of Can
ton and South China against Nank-
ing domination, The Canton military
leaders are exploiting the rising tide
of Indignation at the terms of the
North China truce to advance their
own plans for military domination.
Marking Heads in New Farley With
Japanese.
Hwang-Fu, special Marking envoy,
and War Minister Ho-Chu-Kuo, ar
rived in Tientsin yesterday from Peip-
ing for further negotiations with the
Japanese High Command regarding
details of the arnlistice in North
China. All of Markings troops have
been withdrawn south, but the refusal
of many North Chinese troop concen-
trations in the front lines to obey
the Marking order for abandonment
of the battle against the japanese
invasion is frustrating the final con-
clusion of the Marking Japanese
truce.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-05-31
this manner in a single day

in this manner in single day.
Victory in Mani Factory.
In the Oldenburg Gas Works all
the workers-who had been men,
bers Of the reforrnist union up to
nowhere forced by the Nazis to
join the Nazi factory organization.
All those refusing were fired. Then
the Nazis arranged for a factory
meeting to elect the factory council,
to which the workers agreed. The
election was held with the Red union
winning 4 delegates, and the reform
lists 3. The Nazis, despite their Ella
borate preparations, did not get 8
single delegate!
Women Active in Relief Work.
Women workers are very active in
the Rhineland. The best workers in
the International Red Aid Counter
part Of the IL.D) are women.
In a little village the Salvation
Army was given the job Of feeding
the class-war prisoners. The women
protested against the bad food served
and succeeded in getting better food
for the prisoners.
In another town the women COM
PEELED the municipal authorities to
pay them the same relief that their
arrested husbands had received. In
another town, a mother who had been
told that her son had been beaten
in the Nazi barracks where he was
confined, went there and got her son
out Of the murder den.
Comment on Communist Activity.
The Vienna 'Reichspost", official
organ Of the Austrian government
party, comments on the narrowing
class basis of the Nazis as follows in
its issue of May 6:
''The real position is best seen in
the growing tendency toward the iso-
lation Of National Socialism. Ma
tional Socialism has no allies. All
whom it cannot absorb it expels. It's
quarrelsomeness within equals its
aggressiveness abroad. Inner tension
is increasing daily.
1--WE must not be deluded into for
getting that, though German Social
Democracy has disappeared for many
years to come, Communism has at
tanned dangerous strength. It is now
working entirely along Russian lines
what in Russian history ever since
the Decabrists' uprising is called
'podpolnaya': clandestine work,
secrecy, illegal secret organizations,
hidden printing presses, secret work
from man to man. What is this
leading to?"
Socialist Leaders Denounce Workers
to Police.
This comment of the "ReichSpost"
is amplifed by the remarks of the
Secretary of the Hamburg local Of
the German Socialist Party, Kanz-
Ter. Replying to some socialist work
ers, who wanted him to organize
meetings in workers flats, he said:
Nothing doingI If I ever learn OF
such meetings, I'll see to it that the
police knows about them!"
A little group of socialist workers
in Berlin issued and circulated on il
legal newspaper, in which they de-
manded the establishment of a united
front against fascism. The Berlin
district executive of the Socialist
Party asked some old devoted Party
officials to find out who was distrib-
uting this paper.
A few days later, the socialist COM
rades getting the paper out were ar
rested by the police. The workers
are firmly convinced that they were
betrayed to the police by the Soci-
alist District Committee.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-05-31
Worker Digs Up Savings
to Buy Soviet Bonds

Union to get it. want to buy some
Soviet bonds.
And he showed almost thousand
dollars of damp money across the
counter.
"Tell them from me- he said as he
was leaving, that they're welcome to
anything we can give 'em to build a
decent Workers government"
Soviet bonds are on sale at the
oviet-American Securities Corpora
ton, 80 Broad Street, New York City,
Department A. The principal and
interest rate is 10 per cent.
The money is used by the Soviet
Union to build its industries. The
investment is one of the safest in the
world, the Soviet Union being one of
the few remaining countries that still
meets It's external debt obligations, d.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-05-31

"hrevocable injury. Japanese ex-
ports Of rayon to India jumped from
so pounds in 1929 to 23,502 pounds in
1880 and 2,12o,375 in 1882
Conference Move Fails.
The British government is now re-
ported to be considering the denunci-
alton OF its trade treaty with Japan.
Efforts were made first of all to call
a conference of japanese and Eng
lish business men to discuss the in
dustrial competition between the two
countries. The Japanese in their
reply insisted that their deprecated
yen should be maintained, that only
British Lnpire markets should be
discussed, that no further treaties
should be abrogated by England, that
England should make no further
tariff increases, and that any agree
mentS arrived at should be guaran-
teed by the British government.
These conditions were rejected and
the British government is now con-
sidering, not only the scrapping of
the Japanese trade treaty, but also
defensive measures against Japanese
dumping in the British Empire mar
kets.
Indian Treaty Already Broken.
The demand for aggressive trade
action on the part of Britain against
the Japanese comes principally from
Lancashire, the center of the English
textile industry, which is up against
severe competition in the Indian
market, and in Egypt, from cheaply
produced Japanese goods. India has
already denounced her commercial
agreement with Japan. and England
has withdrawn the West African
colonies from the. scope Of the exist
ing trade treaty.
The most miserable wages are paid
to the exploited Japanese workers.
This, by reducing cost of produc-
ton, gives the japanese manufac-
turers an advantage in selling their
goods in the foreign markets.
Starvation Wages.
The report, just published, of the
Commercial Attache to the British
Embassy in Tokyo, reveals that the
highest average wage paid in all
Japanese industry is 81 day. The
average wage of woman worker
in the silk industry is Is cents day.
The highest recorded wage in any
trade is only $1.40. In the match
industry wages average 10 cents a
day. In the rayon industry, men
workers get 81 cents for ten hour
day.
This starvation level for the Jap
anese working class is the main
weapon of the Japanese big business
interests against their capitalist riv-
ais in the struggle for markets. But
to it, they add the weapons of depre-
ciated currency further cutting of
wages, and dumping.
Attack on English Standards.
In the new trade war that is open
ing between England and Japan, the
the English will attempt to make
use of the misery standard" that
exists in Japan, to depreSs wages
and conditions in England, in order
to compete with the cheaply pro-
duced Japanese goods.
Samuel Courtould, millionaire
owner of the biggest rayon enter
prises in England, recently told his
stockholders that the company paid
its women workers eight times as
much as the japanese textile work
ers received, and pointed out the
necessity for the company reducing
| it's labor costs.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-05-31

The husky worker looked rather
embarrassed. You see, it's this way"
he said. This dough is what I have
been saving for the last twenty-five
years. have been holding on to 1t
like man holds on to a lifeline.
l have been lucky enough to keep 1t
from the bank robbers"
1t was worker talking in the Of
fees of the Soviet-American Securi-
ties Corporation.
He continued, This is how / did
It. have been caching this dough
in a box which I keep in the mud
flats near the river. For the last
couple of months the river has been
over the flats, and / haven't been
able to get at it. But now that the
river has washed back, I got the
dough. Here it is. want the Soviet
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-05-31

ers strength. The American dlega-
ton wanted to push on, but is now
saying that this should be done "only
if the Conference is getting some
where"
1t has been suggested that the Lon
don Conference be moved to Geneva
after few sessions in London, on
the grounds of cutting the expense
involved in running two corps of trans
lators - bringing the Conference
home to Geneva to die" as one dis
illusioned diplomat put it.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-05-31
DEADLOCK IN ARMS CONFERENCE ON
USSR'S DEFINITION OF AGGRESSION
Imperialist Powers Fighting Against the
Peace Policy of the Soviet Union

GENEVA 30The Disarmament Conference into brick
security
In definition
state ubbornly blocked
the UssR determining nation
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-05-31
TREATY REVISION
BARRED IN THE
MLJSS0LINI P ACT

GENEVA, May 30.-According TO
reports here, the countries of the
Little Entente, Rumania. Yugoslavie
and Czechoslovakia, will be safe
guarded by a French declaration, 10
be made simultaneously with tbs
signing of the -Four Power Pact, which
lays down that the Pact does not az
feet any treaties at present existing
between France and the Little En-
tente, and that any moves toward
treaty revision will keep strictly to
the League of Nations procedure and
the unanimity rule (Which naturally
means no revision).
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-05-31
Berlin Workers
DtSdrm FaSCtStS
by Street RuSe
Anti-Fascist Workers Betrayed to Police by
Socialist Leaders

- Berlin
special campaign to dar the Na gang the Southeast section of
revolver),
thrsshng eEng
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-05-31
AUSTRIAN HEIMWEHR FIRES ON
NAZIS

VIENNA, Austria. - Nazis and
Heimwehr troops clashed in the
streets of Innsbruck, Tyrol, last night
Troops and gendarmes were sum-
moned to dispense the Nazi concen-
trations. When they failed to move
HeimWehr men opened fire, wounding
seven nazis. The police have erected
barbed-wire entanglements all thru
the streets to prevent further clashes
between these two Fascist groups.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-05-31
FINLAND FORBIDs RED FLAGS

HELSINGFORS, Finland. = The
Finnish Cabinet has issued a decree
forbidding the display of red flags
all over the country on the ground
that "they are likely to cause political
disturbances"
This decree follows the hauling
down of the red flag at the Trade
Union Congress here by a mob OF
Lapuan militia officers. CThe Lapua Is
the Finnish Fascist organization,
which is terrorizing the country with
open governmental approval-Ed0,
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-05-31
Japanese
Rivalry Leading
to Trade Break
Starvation Level of Japanese Workers Is FIX
posed in British Trade Report

3O-T flooding with Japanese
textiles rapidly producing crisis trade reia4
Hoare State india speech during
the urgent problem
Japanese competition
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-05-31
Foreign Briefs
WAR FLARES UP AGAIN IN
CHACO

BUENOS AIRES, Argentina.-Th e
Paraguyan War Ministry reported last
night the capture of Fort Betty, a
Bolivian outpost of Fort Corrales.
Dispatches from Asuncion, capital of
Paraguay, claim the capture of
Fort Corrales as well. For the first
time Paraguay is using giant bombing
planes which are raining death down
upon the Bolivian soldiers in the
trenches.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-05-31
S P A R K s.

THE World Fair has just been open
ed. Behind all the noise of prog
ress," stands the ruthless exploitation
of the workers who have been hired
to run the Fair.
S. T. of New York writes us that
all guards, hands, guides, cashiers,
and practically every one not in the
administration offices, is hired on an
hourly basis, and can be laid off in
case Of rain or any other emergency
like lack of crowds, etc.
Military officers are in charge Of
the workers.
All workers must spend two weeks
of full time work getting their train
ing. During these .Wo weeks Of free
work they don't get any pay.
OUR Washington correspondent tells
v us that Mrs. Crawford Biggs, the
wife of the United States Solicitor
General, spends most OF her time
mothering her 23 prize Persian cats.
What brain that lady must have.
AND what worries she must suffer,
"A Almost as great as the working
class mother who is reported in to-
days news as follows:
"Sobbing through her story, Mrs.
opposite of 131 West Third Street told
how she expected to have her furni-
ture thrown into the street despite
the fact that she has sick husband,
a six months old baby in the hospital,
and five small children. At the relief
station she said the relief investigator
told her, L don't care if you have to
go into the street. "
THE Washington correspondent of
one of the capitalist papers writes
as follows of the recent Socialist Con-
tinental Congress at Washington:
Manifestations of the new revo-
lutionary spirit as has been created
by the depression we're not alarming,
since the socialists who dominated
the meeting place continue to place
their faith in the ballot boz and the
parliamentary form of government.
Communists were scattered about,
urging an advanced program includ-
ing $40 a week relief"
THE socialist leaders are so nice and
L the Communists are so wicked.
Doesn't the above demand prove it?
7 ANGSTON HUGHES, Negro
Il poet, has written the following
contribution for new low-priced
magazine devoted to revolutionary
literature, called "Anvil":
Comrade Lenin of Russia,
High in Marble Tomb
Move over, Comrade Lenin,
Give me room.
1 am Ivan, the peasant,
Boots all muddy with soil.
I fought with you, Comrade Lenin
Now, have finished my toll.
Comrade Lenin of Russia
Alive in a marble tomb.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-05-31

Have the DAILY WORKER at ev-
cry meeting of your unit, branch,
union, or club.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-05-31

OUR Washington correspondent tells
v us that Mrs. Crawford Biggs, the
wife of the United States Solicitor
General, spends most OF her time
mothering her IS prize Persian cats.
What brain that lady must have.