Evening star., 1933-11-12
|LITV|NOFF SEEKING
bANON AGGRESSION
Political and Economic Agree.
ment Reported Discussed
With Roosevelt.
Continued From First Page.)

sion. Article Of that pact reads:
The high contracting parties under
take. during the period of the present.
treaty in force, to participate in no
international agreements which would
have the practical consequence of pro-
hibiting purchases to be made of the
other party, or the sale of goods, or
the granting of credits to the other
and to take no measures which would
result In excluding the other party
from any kind OF participation in for
eign trade"
This article was supplemented later
by commercial treaty containing
more practical details which could not
be contained in general treaty, but
the French government has not found
1t convenient yet to sign it.
1t Is something along the same lines
Of the treaty that is contemplated be-
tween the United States and Russia,
and this is one of the primary rea-
sons why the announcement of Rus
sia's recognition has been delayed.
Concurrent with the discussion OF an
economic aggression treaty, there
is discussion of political non-aggres-
sion treaty. Whether it will be a sepa-
rate agreement or will be embodied
with the other Is not yet known.
The Soviet government has negoti-
ated political non-aggression pacts with
most Of its neighbors, except Japan.
The latter has not found 1t desirable
to enter into such an agreement.
Such a pact concluded between the
United States and Russia would
strengthen the position Of the Soviet
government although there has never
been a likelihood of an actual war
between the two countries.
Relations Strained.
The political relations between the
soviet government and the Japanese
are at present strained. The Japanese
do not pretend to hide the fact the
possession of the maritime provinces,
which they consider as an integral part
OF Manchuria, Is Of great Importance
to them
The Russians also claim those prov
lnces, which contain the important sea-
port OF Vladivostok, have been Russian
territory for years and form one of the
lungs of the vast republic. Without an
outlet to the Pacific, the immense ter
r1tory OF Siberia would become lifeless.
Litvinof and the rest, of the Russian
government are said to feel that a
0eIlnlLe, Irlen0ly agreement with the
United States. embodied in a political
aggression pact, would strengthen
the Soviet'S position in regard to Japan.
There are many kinds of political
non n-aggression pacts; some are mean
1nglesS, others are significant. None
means an alliance, but in some Of these
pacts there are clauses which can be-
come important in case of a conflict.
The Franco-Soviet pact contains a
clause which might be of great i'm
portance to the Russians should one
ike 1t be incorporated in an American
Soviet pact. This clause provides: "If
one OF the high contracting parties
should be the object of attack from one
or several third powers, then the other
high contracting party binds itself to
give, during the course of the conflict.
neither direct nor indirect aid and sup
port to the aggressor or aggressors."
How far the President is willing to
go in political nom aggression pact is
unknown and is one of the matters
which form the subject Of long dis
cussions with Litvinoff.