davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-01-18
BY QUIRT

hind prison bars. The agents Of
the Oshrana were able to play on
this. They even tried to obtain in
terminating documents from the
Bolshevik. They tried to persuade
him to send letters outside which
were intercepted by the Okhrana
and produced at the trial as
evidence against him.
But, if the Bolshevik did not be-
come intimate with him, the agent
limited himself to watching his
victim. He listened to the con-
versation carried on by the Boil
sheviks among themselves; made
note of the tapping Of signals be-
tween the Bolsheviks incarcerated
in different cells, and thus, in one
way or another, obtained good ma
terial for reports to the Okhrar1a.
MORE frequently, when the Boil
III shevik was in solitary confine-
ment. the agent of the Okhrana
occupied the neighboring cell. AS
soon as the arrested Bolsheyik ar
rived in this cell tapping was
heard in the political prisoners
code, asking: what is your name?
In what case? Under what con-
ditions we're you arrested?Who else
was arrested with you2" The
novice, insufficiently experienced
in conspiratorial work, thought
this correspondent was a COM
rade and SO swallowed the bait,
Sometimes the new prisoner was
warned in time by his comrades:
rComrade, be careful. SO and so,
In such and sucn a cell, Is q police
agent If this was not done, the
agent succeeded in gaining his con-
fidence, induced him to write let
tiers, which of course, would be
handed over to the Okhrana.
Not only were agents Of the
Okhrana placed in cells with the
prisoners, but the prison guards,
the prison warden and his as
sistants closely watched the ar
rested Bolsheviks and reported
what they saw to the Okfrana.
For this reason the general rule
was established that q Bolshevik
must observe the rules of secrecy
in prison as strictly as outside"
Ito BE Continued
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-01-18
"Some Day the Whole World
Will Kn0aV IT.

- $780,. -
EfE ,yjt,, ~ q
aNs 'A'E's y

clothes. They shot little boy in
the leg. If you see my children,
tell them to write to me-"
THE WIDOWS STORY
This is what the mothers say.
They tell you how white men
whipped colored men at the cross
roads store owned by a landlord.
They tell you how uneasy they
were when their children played
with white children. Very simply
they say, 81 don't know what will
happen to my children. I've got
nothing left. Just nothing" They
also tell you how old literature was
passed from hand to hand and
from cabin to cabin. Our hus-
bands were good men. They never
had any trouble with the land
lords" This is the story of the
widows of the men who died at
the hands of the mob.
There are other details. Once
one of the dead men was working
at a cotton gin to earn a little
money for clothes for his family.
His wife and children were picking
the cotton they had grown. The
landlord forced the husband to
stop the work that brought him
small wages and return to the cot
ton patch that did not need his at
tention. Another time one of the
dead men sold bale of cotton at
a neighboring town instead of
taking it to his landlord. OF course
the landlord got the check, but even
then he was angry. He insisted
that all the cotton be brought TO
him.
Perhaps the landlords have for
gotten the dead They may have
forgotten the nine orphan children,
the whipped widow and the bed
clothes pierced with bullets. They
may have even forgotten the union.
But there are people who will never
forget. Mrs. James and Mrs. Bent
ley know this. Tallapoosa County
knows this. One day all of Amer
lea will know it.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-01-18
Workers Education and the
Revolutionary Press
BY A. MARRIOTT .

WORKERS education must be
4" based ON the principle of the
unity of theory and practice if it is
to be an effective weapon in the
class struggle. This principle is
strictly adhered to in the full-time
training schools conducted by the
Communist Party and the revolu-
tionsry unions, as well as in the
courses given by the Workers
School.
TO carry out the full meaning OF
the motto: Training for the Glass
Struggle the subjects taught at
the school cannot be given in an
abstract academic manner. They
must be linked up closely with the
daily struggles of the workers; they
must be illustrated with actual
events in the life of the workers.
In other words, the courses must
be concretized in every possible
way. One of the ways is to bring
into the discussions in the class
room the actual experiences of the
workers. Experiences in strike
struggles, in the struggles of the
unemployed, hunger marches, DEM
onstrations, ETC., brought up in the
class create a lively interest in the
study, and offer an opportunity to
the students and the instructor to
apply the theory to the immediate
practical problems.
THE Daily Worker in this case
plays the most important role.
Through the news, through workers
correspondence, the Daily" brings
to the attention of every reader a
vivid picture of the life and strug-
giles Of the workers in this coun-
try. In the discussion of the class
struggle in the u. S. A., the role of
the state, Imperialism, History of
the American Labor Movement, or
any other subject in our courses,
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-01-18

Farm bureau men and home
demonstration agents never got
around to the back country spots
where Mrs. James and Mrs. Bent
ley lived. Neither did the National
Association for the Advancement
of Colored People. Everyone was
eager to meet folks who could sug-
gest some way of securing more de-
cent living conditions. All the
people of the section rushed into
the Share Choppers Union as soon
as they heard of it. Even two
ministers in the murder area sup
ported the movement.
Meetings were held in houses.
Sometimes literature was distrib-
uted. Self determination of the
Black Belt was mentioned at the
meetings. Nobody knew very much
about the details of the idea, folks
in Tallapoosa County way, but all
were eager to work for a chance to
escape from poverty and fear.
COMEHOW the landlords heard
y of the union. They threatened
to kill off the women and chill
dren and to do anything else that
would break up the organization.
They made good their threat in
the murder of James and Bentley.
They made good their threat in
shooting at Mrs. James and her
son and cousin as they ran, I'M
armed and terrified, across the
fields.
Perhaps the union is dead today.
Perhaps it is alive. Folks tell you
that it will be alive again if it is
inactive now. They say that more
ana more troopers will join it.
Many believe that white troopers
will support it. They point to the
two white men who came to the
aid of the mob victims and say
that these two are but the leaders
Of considerable group who will
join in the fight for decent living
conditions that is being made by
the Share Choppers Union.
'They shot through my bed
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-01-18

fusing to give evidence were dc
tated by the political conditions
prevailing at that time. For the
purpose of liquidating the Bolsheyik
movement more rapidly, the Tsar-
list government began to hand over
the cases of the BolshevikS to the
military courts and to the circuit
courts. on charges which, accord
ing to the Criminal Code, carried
penalties of death and penal SER
yitude. The practice of adminlStra-
tive exile without trial TO remote
parts of Eastern Siberia which pre-
vailed until that time did not at
tain its end, because the Bolsheviks
did not stay in exile long and very
often escaped, sometimes even
while on the way to the place OF
exile. The Tsarist government
therefore decided to put the active
Bolsheviks thoroughly out Of COM
mission.
Under these conditions every
careless word uttered during the
examination might cause irretriev-
able harm, not only to the entire
organization, but also to the person
under examination. The attempts
of some weak spirits to clear them
selves by giving open testimony did
not accomplish the purpose; long
terms of imprisonment or penal
servitude awaited even them.
TIE tactics of refusing to give
evidence involved unreasonable
suffering for the Bolsheviks. But
this was only suffering of the body.
The torrents and torture of the
hangmen threw no blelnish on the
revolutionary honour of the Boil
sheviks. On the contrary, the re-
fusal to give evidence under tor
ture expressed the courage of the
revolutionist and his contempt for
the enemy. BY his refusal to give
evidence during examination, the
Bolshevik signified his determined
refusal to take any part whatso-
ever in exposing the work" OF
course, the agents of the Tsarist
government had sufficient means
at their disposal to punish the de-
fenceless Bolsheviks who fell into
the clutches. They could shoot
them on the pretext that they
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-01-18
SALE IS BLOCKED

PHOENIX, Aria court action
stayed the sale Of Phoenix property
for 1on-payment OF paving assess
mentS on Jan. TO- This order, how
ever, is only temporary.
The, State Hunger March exposed
the condition which existed among
the small worker-home owners. Ban
ners we're carried In the march and
leaflets were distributed denouncing
this sale. A mass meet was held at
which a committee of workers were
appointed to go before the City Street
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-01-18
.'EveryFactory
Fortress
Establish Intimate, Per-
HtdHent Contacts With the
Workers.

The Twelfth Plenum Resolu-
tiOns Of the Communist Interna-
tional emphasizes that the main
link to win the American workers
for decisive class battles, is the
development of struggles around
their elementary needs. The re-
cent Shop Conference N New
York and Chicago should be
utilized by every member of the
Party and trade unions to i'm
prove the contents and methods
of our work in the factories. We
urge all comrades to send in
articles on the basis of their own
experiences, as well as questions
on problems which confront
them-which will be answered in
this column.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-01-18

Nv.
After the progroms that were
organized by the Police Depart
ment and it's agents all over the
country on the eve of, and during
the first revolution. after the brutal
suppression of the 1905 Revolu-
ton, by the Tsarist government,
the Okhrana could catch or deceive
hardly anybody, not even the most
inexperienced, with its hyprocritical
tactics at preliminary examinations.
The Zubatov movement suffered
complete collapse. zubatov himself
was released from the duties and
sent out Of Moscow. The cards
were exposed and the Okhrana
appeared openly as the bitter
enemy of the revolutionary move
ment. The Okhrana agents aban-
doned the practice of converse
tons" and persuasion" and adopt
ed the tactics of terror. The enemy
was triumphant and strove to con-
solidate its victory by means of
terrorism.
During this period of the Russian
Revolution, the Okhrana mostly
resorted to physical force against
arrested revolutionists under ex-
animation in order to compel them
to give evidence. Torture was APP
piled Systematically during the ex-
animation: suspension by their
finger tips, twisting of the hands
and legs, pouring of large volumes
of water with oil into the mouth,
mutilation, fiogging, these were the
methods employed by the Okhrana
to compel political prisoners to give
evidence. Many Bolsheviks, who
fell into the hands of the Okhrana
still bear the marks Of the torture
inflicted on them.
TRIAL"
The more stubborn the Bolsheviks
were in refusing to give evidence
the more this system of torture
was employed. The tactics of re-
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-01-18
T ON OR R OW :

IN Of
Manifesto of the Communist Parties of China and
of the P.L
This Manifesto is of outstanding significance at this time
philippine
the determination imperialism maintain this
military the Pacific, a
Manifesto of
the vivid illustration
language distance through
China in their relentless night imperialism
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-01-18
~ N n - Dramatic Incidents in the Struggle
M# n Against Russian TsdriSn.
& DISH EVIkS
O ~ 7 z IAL
By I. TCHERNOMORDIK

previous three nalmen the author
methods by the secret police Okhna) 70
BOhev underground work. related the methods
the tactics of the reVouonis trial
Now read
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-12-01
Chinese University President
viii Be Speaker at
Religious Farley.

Noted missionaries and religious
leaders will speak before the In
dianapolis meeting of the United
Foreign Missionary conference Dec.
7 and in the First Baptist church.
DR.. Herman Chen-en Liu, presi-
dent Of the University of Shanghai,
China, and special representative of
the Chinese government. is sched-
uled to appear. He is the founder
of the Anti-Civil War League of
China and has exterted a great
political influence in that country.
Miss Lillian L. Picken another
speaker, is an evangelist and social
worker from SAHARA, India. She has
been instrumental in developing one
of the most outstanding welfare
centers in India and is divisional
commander over 1000 Girl Guides.
The Ri Rev. Logan H. Roots,
bishop diocese of Hankow. China,
will appear at the meetings for a
lecture. Widely known for his in
terest in promoting church unity. he
is one of the founders of the Ma
tional Episcopal church of China
UNCONVENTIONAL luncheOns and
conferences will be held at 1890
Thursday Afternoon. Each de-
nomination will meW in a church of
its own faith. Baptist leaders will
meet in the First Baptist church
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-12-01

will Spak in the Baptist church and
DR.. Jones the Simpson church. A
drama will be presented by players
from local churches as a part of
the program in the First Baptist
church.
Miss Picken will address the con-
ference Friday morning, speaking on
india Emerging" Conferences on
missions in the Sunday school and
missionary stewardship will follow
Friday noon a luncheon for men and
women will be held in the Columbia
Club DR.. Jones will deliver the
principal address.
A women's meeting will be held
Friday afternoon in the First Bap-
fist church when DR.. Liu. Miss Pick
en- and Mrs. Lydia Glover DeSeo will
speak. A general conference will be
held at 3:45 o'clock with Dr. John
B. Ferguson. pastor of the Irving
ton Presbyterian church. leading the
conference on The Meaning of This
Conference for Our Church Life
A young peoples meeting will be
held at O'Clock Friday night in the
Roberts Parks NJ. E. church. Speak
ers here will be Miss Picken and DR..
John MacKay.
The final meeting of the confer
ence will be at 7:45 o'clock Friday
night in Cadle Tabernacle when
Miss Pickens and DR.. Jones will adj
dress the assembly.
The local conference is one of a
series being held in twenty-nine
cities, bringing to each city a group
of national and internationally
known missionaries and educational
leaders.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-12-01
Contract Bridge

The declarer could see that, with
a successful spade f1nesse and a
break in trump, his contract was as
sured. If the spade finesse should
lose. so would the contract, while a
Al split in trump would not neces-
sarily be fatal.
North elected to try the spade
1nesse first. and, when the jack
held the first trick, a diamond was
returned and ruffed in his own hand.
Another spade was led, the king be-
ing covered by the ace, and dunn
my's last club was ruffed in the
North hand.
Declarer then led the king Of
hearts, which East won with the
ace. and returned a club, West wise
~ refusing to trump.
North trumped, led the queen of
hearts, and then put dummy In the
lead with the queen of spades. West
must ruff whatever is led from
dummy, and North will over-ruff
making the last two tricks and his
contract.
Notice that the declarer had to
reduce his trump holding by ruffing
four times, so that he might put
the lead into dummy at the eleventh
trick. and this is the only way he
could avoid losing two heart tricks.
Copyright. 1888. by NEA Service Inc)
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-12-01

where DR.. Llu and Floyd l.. Carr Will
conduct conferences.
Remainder of the denominations,
their meeting place and conference
leaders are: Congregational, First
Congregational church, M. Y. Hall;
Disciples of Christ, Central Chris
tan church, DR.. Alexander Paul;
Evangelical. First Evangelical
church, w. L. Bollman, Evangelical
synod; Friedens Evangelical church,
T. l.. Seybold; Friends, First Friends
church, E. T. Elliott; Lutheran, First
Lutheran church. J. Roy Strock;
Methodist Episcopal, Roberts Park
M E. church, Bishop Edgar Blake,
DR.. Jones and DR.. o. w. Fifer;
Presbyterian, Second Presbyterian
church, j. E. Detweiler; Protestant
Episcopal, Christ Episcopal church,
Houghton; Reformed Churches in
America, Second Reformed church,
Arthur c. CasSelman; Reformed
Church in the United States, Cove
nant Reformed church, w. J. Van
Kersen; United Brethren. Y. M. c..
A, Bishop Clippinger, and United
Presbyterian, First Baptist church,
Mills j. Taylor.
That night a laymen'S dinner will
be held at 6 in the Christ Episcopal
church parish house. Bishop Roots
will be the speaker. At the same
time a supper will be held in the
Y. w. G. A for the religious dra-
matics group. Following the sup
per a mass meeting will be held at
7:45 o'clock in the First Baptist and
Simpson NJ. E. churches. DR.. Liu
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-12-01
THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES
FINE WEATHER
AIDS IN CITY'S
THANKSGIVING
Churches, ASyIumS, Penal
Institutions Join in
Services.

Favored by clear, mild weather, in
addition TO the traditional turkey
and cranberry sauce, citizens of In
dianapolis yesterday ceased work
and observed Thanksgiving in varied
ways.
Some sat at home, glad of a day
Of rest: others took advantage Of
the spring-like atmosphere to be
out in the open or to visit friends.
Hundreds attended services in the
different churches. All had some
thing for which to be grateful.
Not the least of these were the
families of the 1000 men in Marion
county who have been put to work
at living wage by the civil works
administration.
Less fortunate members of the
community in hospitals, asylums
and penal and other institutions
were not neglected. Special dinners
were set before them and services
and programs were part Of the
Thanksgiving celebration.
The observance of Thanksgiving
is either sheer mockery or it is the
genuine expression of vital Chris
tan faith, the Rev. Herbert Muel-
Ter, pastor of the First Evangelical
church, said in a union service in
the Meridian Street M E. church.
Several congregations participated
in another downtown service in
Christ Episcopal church.
Churches which participated with
the Meridian and First Evangelical
we're the First Baptist, Central
Christian, New Jersey Street M. E,
Roberts Park M. E. and Second
Presbyterian. Bishop Joseph M.
Francis, diocese of indianapolis,
spoke at a communion service in
Christ church during the morning.
Episcopal churches taking part were
All Saints Cathedral, Christ, Holy
ocents, st. Georges, st,
Mathews, St. Pauls and St. Phil
lips.
Removal of exploitation which
today brings America want in the
midst of abundance is the most i'm
portant objective for Thanksgiving,
declared DR.. David M. Edwards
pastor of the First Friends church
at union services in st. Paul's
Evangelical church.
Other churches participating were
the Third Christian, First United
Brethren, First Congregational
First Moravian, st. Pauls and the
First Friends.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-12-01
BATTLEFIELDS
IMPROVED BY
C. c. C. ARMY
100000 Workers Busy
RehabiIitating Historic
War Spots.

BIZ Hitff Pres
WASHINGTON, Dec. Develop
ment and improvement Of Amer
ica's most interesting historical
spots is one of the comparatively
l1nnoticed but nevertheless tmpor-
tant phases of the work of the
Civilian Conservation Corps, Robert
Fechner. CCC director, pointed out
today.
Fechner drew attention to the fact
that some $500, 900 workers are en-
gagged in rehabilitating several Of
the famed battlehelds Of the Revo-
lutionary and Civil wars in the
eastern section Of the country.
Four camps are located in the
Yorktown. Va, area, where George
Washington led the American
troops into what proved to be the
deciding and final battle Of the
Revolution, in 1881. Two camps
are at Morristown, N. j., an area
used by Washingtons troops every
winter during the hectic years from
ITS to 1881
400 at Gettysburg
-Four hundred men are at work
in the Gettysburg National Mill
tary Park in Pennsylvania, the scene
Of Abraham Lincoln's immortal
speech in 1853. while the Chicka-
manga and Chattanooga National
Military Park in Georgia and Ten
nessee. which commentaries famed
Civil war battles, has some 800 addi-
tiOnal men working on it.
Other groups Of CCC workers are
situated at Shiloh. Tenn, Vicksburg,
Miss. and Fredericksburg, Miss,
and Fredericksburg and Spotsyl-
vania counties in Virginia, all places
well known to those at all familiar
with the history of the United
States.
The men are engaged in general
rehabilitation of the spots cleaning
awav fire hazards, removing vegeta-
ton that hides trenches, earth
works. gun emplacements and other
military services, and in laying out
convenient trails by which visitors
may easily find their way around
the entire battle fields.
Full Restoration Not Made
The interior departments Office of
national parks. buildings and reser-
vations, which has charge of the
work, does not intend to even at
tempt to make complete restora-
lions of the historic spots. Where
any old Notifications or other land
marks still are standing, they will
be restored in a certain degree so
that they at least will not decay or
rot. On the other hand, where none
of the original objects are left, the
authorities will not try to bring in
limitations simply to make it look
real
When the plans laid out by the
office of national parks and exc
cuted by emergency conservation
labor are in operation" said Fech-
ner, these great historic areas will
become field laboratories for stu
dents in the land,
Millions whose school days are
over or for whom they ended all
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-12-01
RETAIL FOOD
PRICES CLIMB
S.5 Per CENT
Increase Shown in State by
Labor Department
Statistics.

Retail food prices in Indianap-
oils on Nov. 7 showed an increase Of
IS per cent over the corresponding
date last year, according to a
statement Issued by the bureau of
labor statistics of the United
States labor department Yesterday.
Fifty-one cities were covered in
the bureaus report. all of which
showed an increase in prices over
last year. with indianapolis placed
among the upper third.
Price increase for the two weeks
period. Oct "a to Nov. 4. 1888. oc-
CURED in twenty-six of these cities.
indianapolis ranking twelfth with
Z per cent increase reported.
General rise in food prices was
attributed largely to general
strengthening in the average prices
Of eggs, lard and cereal products.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-12-01
Solution to PreUiOus
Contract Problem
BY W. E. M'KENNEY


Secretary American Bridge League
IF variety is the spice Of life, then
l. freak hands are the spice of
bridge. Hands of regular distribu-
ton are in the great majority, and
their proper handling is funda-
mental part of ones game. Never
theless, the freak hands produce
most of the thrills, and a bit of good
Judgment or good luck in handling
such distribution will be remem-
bered for many days.
Today's hand shows that opposing
high card strength sometimes may
be offset by favorable distribution
and brilliant strategy.
South's bidding may have been a
little too bold in view of his part
ners third hand opening, but freak
hands call for aggressive bidding
and North was equal to the occasion.
n
last cashed his king and ace Of
Il clubs and then led the king OF
diamonds, which North ruffed.