davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-12-29
Ii. D. Starts Protest
Against New Legal
Murder

NEW Y0RK.-Nation wide
mass protest against the execu-
ton of nine NEGROES in Ala
bama, February 8, 1884, is be-
ing organized by the International
Labor Defense, it was announced to-
day by William L. Patterson, national
secretcry.
In directives sent to every district
section. and branch. as we'll as to all
affiliated organizations. REPRESENTING
a membership Of 100000, the widest
protest actions, linking this planned
holocaust with the threatened Legal
OF gang murder Of the nine Scottsborc
boys, is called for, Patterson said.
Copies of the statement of Adie
Foster has been sent to President
Roosevelt, to U. S. Attorney Genera.
Homery S. Cummings, and to Gov
ernor B. II. Miller of Alabama, the
demand that the execution of all nine
frame-up victims be stopped, and fol
federal intervention to stop the
planned lynching of these nine Amer
ican citizens. have been sent by the
I. L. D.
Under existing conditions" tht
LID. call says, there is no pcssi-
bility of taking formal legal steps fol
preventing this wholesale slaughter
1t is altogether beyond the capacity
of the LID, in the short time thai
remains, to investigate each case, o.
/ to bear the huge financial burden fol
legal exDenscs.
"Yct this new and latest challenge
to the Negro ana white masses Of
America ccnnot go unanswered.
every district, section, and branch
of the LID. must at once protest
aga INST this bloody holiday planned
by TIE Alabama bosses.
'Te,egrams protests, and resolu-
tons must be sent to Governor Mil
Ter demandi a halt to this SEIZED
uled murder. These demands mus
be based on the undeniab1e fact thai
it is impossible for any Negro to re.
ceive fair trial in any curt in tn;
South, no matter what the crime
charged"
Liberal organizations, and every
| friend of the Scostsboro boys ard the
Negro people, must be drawn into the
struggle against this holocaust, the
directives stated.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-12-29
Continued on Page y
Mayor Asks NRA to
Cut MilIinerS' Paw
Elizabeth Official De-
sires Lowest Rates for
All of North N. J.

ELIZABETH, N. j., Dec. 2s--An
appeal by Mayor Thomas williams
to slash wages in the millinery code
for all North Jersey towns was sent
today to General johnson, chief N.
r. A. administrator
The Elizabeth Mayor requested the
General to put the New Jersey mil
linery workers in the lowest paid
class Of the code at go cents an hour
instead of 81 an hour, now provided
in the code.
Working with the Mayor are the
millinery bosses, who have declared
a lockout in eight factories in order
to force through lower wage rates.
Over $500, mostly women, have been
thrown out of their jobs in the ef-
fort Of the bosses, with the help OF
the Mayor, to put these workers In
the lowest wage zone OF the code.
With the Christmas rush over, the
bosses closed their factories. using
the Mayor to make the appeal FOR
starvation pay.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-12-29

revolt at the third congress of the
Party In London.
Arriving in st. Petersburg in 1905
he conducted, in the midst Of the
revolutionary events, extensive agita-
ton and revolutionary literary work
AS q representative of the Bolsheviks
he participated in the 1907 Stuttgart
Congress.
Shortly afterward he organized a
group together with Bogdanov, the
Forward" 1t was in this period
that he committed grave political
errors, advocating ideas that would
unity the Marxist conception with
religion. This was severely and dras-
tically criticized by Lenin.
At the outset Of the World War
Lunacharsky adhered strictly to an
internationalist attitude. Returning
to Russia in 1917, he Immediately be-
gan to work with the Bolsheviks. He
was arrested by the Kerensky gov
eminent in the July days, and he re-
turned decidedly to the Bolshevik
ranks.
From 1917 to 1929 Lunacharsky was
Peoples Ccmmissar Of Education In
the Soviet Union, and participated as
representative Of the U. s. s. r. in
many international conferences. He
was appointed chairman of the Scien-
tific Committee under the Central
Executive Committee Of the U. s.
8. r. in 1920.
Lunach-rslsy was member OF the
Communist Academy and the Aca-
denny Of Sc.encies Of the U. s. 8. r..
director Of scientific research at the
Institute of Literature and Arts. He
wrote scores Of great literary and
theoretical works, was brilliant
journalist. an outstanding expert in
the arts and an erudite historian and
creative writer in literature and the
drama.
EARLY in 1888 he was appointed
Soviet Ambassador to Spain, the posi-
ton which he held at the time Of
his death yesterday
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-12-29
Especial to the Daily worksr)

Especial to the Daily Worker)
MOSCOW, u. s. S. r., Dec. %. -
A. Bubnov, member of the Soviet
Academy of Science and present
Peoples Commissar of Education
paid tribute today to Anatol Luna
charsky, his predecessor, 'Lunachar-
sky was" Bubnov stated, 'the first
organizer and collector of the Soviet
arts. The Bolshevik Party and the
working class Of the entire world have
lost in his death one of their out
standing personages: a speaker OF ex-
ceptional force and brilliance, gifted
scientist and brilliant writer"
Anatol Lrnacharsky was born in
1875, and first became familiar with
Marxist thought and struggle at the
age of IA. He soon became a leader
Of an Illegal organization of students
embracing all the educational insti-
buttons in Kiey.
At the age Of II, Lunacharsky
Joined the Social Democratic organ
ization, and did both organizational
and educational work among the Kiev
railwaymen. Because of these ac-
tivities, he fell under the suspicion
Of Czarist authorities. and entrance
to metropolitan universities was closed
to him.
At this time he left for Switzerland,
where he made the acquaintance of
Zasulitch and Plechanoff, and where
he also met Rosa Luxembourg. He re-
turned to Mcecow in 1899, where he
elaborated in organizational end
agitat.onal work with Elizarova,
the sister Of Lenin.
He was twice arrested and exiled to
the north. During all this time, in
addition to his other activities, he
was intensively busy with literary
work.
Arriving In Geneva In 1904, he be-
came one Of the most active Bolshe-
viks. He joined the editorial staff
of the Forward" and then the staff
of "Proletarian," working under the
guidance of Lenin. 1t was Lunachar-
SKY who made the report on armed
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-12-29
1000 Grocery and
Meat Clerks Strike
in Philadelphia
Leaflets Expose ALL.
Heads Strikebreaking'
in Truckers Walkout

PHILADELPHIA, Dec. 28-Twelve
hundred grocery and meat store clerks
went on strike here today demanding
increased wages and union recogni-
ton.
This step, coming after the breaking
of the general truckers strike by the
MIRA. and A. F. of L. officialdom
shows that the be5rayers are failing
in their efforts to stem the strike wave
in this city.
The taxi drivers of the Philadelphia
Rapid Transit Company, and the
milk drivers are still out for higher
wages, and union recognition. The
taxi drivers are FIGHTING against the
lockout Of the bosses, demanding
arbitration on wages and union rec
ignition.
Cali For Action
Two leaflets have been tcSued to the
taxi drivers and truckers by the Com
munist Party.
The leafet to the taxi drivers de-
clares:
"On Sunday, the bureaucrats OF the
truck drivers unicns voted to call Oh
the general strike. The only ones vot-
ing against this betrayal were the del
egates of the Cleaners and DyerS
Drivers LEGAL. The Central Labor
Union did nothing to help your strike
The leaders Of the Central Labor
Union are the same gentlemen. whc
as members Of the Local Labcr ARD
voted for the strike breaking decision
AGAINST you.
1.-THE Communist Party has ap-
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-12-29
Strike Spreads as
Radio Men Fail To
Get Back Pay Cut
Protest byOparators on
"Am arican Trader"
Stirs Crew

NEW YO2R.-Wireless operators
about to be hired by the American
Trader" joined the strike of the radio
operators of the American Merchant
Lines yesterday, on learning that the
company did not intend to restore the
Is per cent wage cut.
When the men were asked to sign
on yesterday morning, in the salon
of the ship, they declared them
selves before all the rest Of the crew
as being on strike against this cut
and created a sencation aboard. The
men had been led to believe that the
company would re5to-e the cut.
The dramatic action of the wire
less operators in declaring p strike
enraged the steamship officials VINO
ordered the strikers off the ship at
once. But sentiment for the strikers
is high on the ship as a result OF the
protest of the operators.
Officials are still claiming that they
must reduce the level of wages to
that of WAGES on foreign ships be-
cause Of competition Notwithstanding
the fact that even before the slash
the wireless men on their ships were
being paid far less than the wages
current on foreign VESSELS Of The
same class.
The American Merchant Line, 8
subsidiary of the International Mer-
camille Marine or U. s. Mail Lines,
also known as oae of the Roosevelt
Lines" has in the past enjoyed enor-
nous publicity because OF thrilling
radio rescues at sea as a result OF the
vigilance and efficiency of its radio
operators. The last such rescue was
the saving of SO of the crew of the
sinking "City of Exeter" by the SIS
american Merchant" of this same
line. The appreciation of the COM
pany for this work OF its wireless men
is expressed in this wage slash SO
that they are now expected to work
IL hours day for $50 a month.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-12-29
Prosecutors of Scottsboro Boys
OrderDeath for 9 otherNegroes

murder of Daisy Montgomery, In
Selma.
Solomon Roper, charged with muir
dering Page Brazier with an axe, in
Selma.
Fred Kinney, charged in Perry
County with the murder Of Jim Phil
lips.
Leo Fountain, charged in Monroe
County with the murder OF Robert
Martin.
Three of these, it is to be noted, are
from Selma, in Dallas County, the
same place where Bonnie Foster was
framed and tortured as told below.
Adie Foster told me about that to-
day. She is slight pretty woman in
her twenties.
Ben is just 20 years old" she said
Here's everything that happened
Ben went out on the Summerville
road near Selma, and he got into an
argument with white boy they call
Junior Welsh. The white boy shot
Ben and broke his arm. Then Ben
hit back, but he didn't do much dam
age because he was hurt SO bad him
self.
Ben was in bad pain with the arm
and so he went to the Good Samari-
tan Hospital. The doctor bound III.
his arm. But by this time the sheriff
had heard about it and he got people
together. and bloodhounds, anc
trailed Ben from the spot where they
had the fight, to the hospital. They
took Ben to the Soma County jail.
ut happened that nine days before
that, a white man they call M. G
Mccain, had been killed. No one
knew who did it. Neither did the
police. Ben was at my home ct the
time, and it was just about the time
Mccain was killed that Ben was
starting down Philpot Ave. to play
dominoes at his friend Eddie Mitch
ellis house.
when they got Ben In jail, with
his arm broken and all, they tortured
him to say he killed Mccain. reck-
on they just naturally had to have
a goat. They had to blame it or
oOliSuouy anu OAlc EO-lNC uluAl hA-Oh
who did it, They put him in the
s-eat-box but he wouldn't say he
killed Mccain.
Then they took him out late hour
and carried him across the Alabama
River, and beat him with pistol
But he wouldn't say he killed Mccain
because he didn't do it.
'Then they took him back to jail
Continued on Page q
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-12-29
Alabama Orders Death
for Eight Men, One
Woman on Frame-up
BY JIM MALLORY

BIRMINGHAM, Ala, Dec.
2S.-The nine Scottsboro boys
wrested from their hands SO
far by the toiling masses of
the world, the state of Ala
bama, the landlords and indus
trialists, have set themselves holo-
caust of nine other Negroes for Feb.
9, 1884.
The official lynchers have caught
nine Negroes, one of them woman,
framed them, slapped them into Jail,
and sentenced them to die. In q sin
gle day, the State Supreme Court of
Alabama, before whom the Scots
boro case is to come for review, af-
firmed the sentences of nine Negroes,
and set the same day for the execu-
ton Of all nine. They are all in
Kilby prison, and on Feb. they'll
be strapped in the hot-Seat, one after
the other, to make holiday for the
lyncherS.
The horrible story OF how one Of
them, Ben Foster, from Selma, Ala,
was tortured and framed was re-
vealed today when his sister, Adie
Foster, came to Birmingham "to
see those LID. felix's" to tel them
about it and to ask them to let AL
the toiiing masses Of the world
know about it. Ben Foster was
framed on charge OF numbering
Clarence Mccain. The story his sis
ter Adie told, story Of horror that
exposes the full brutality of the
lynchers is told below.
The eight other Negroes sentenced
to die Feb. 9, whose cases, following
the white ruling class tradition which
governs the courts, are probably nc
different from Ben Fosters, are:
Teaner Aubrey, Negro woman
charged with the murder of Rosa
Mae Mcknight, her white mistress, in
Monroe County.
Hardie White, charged In Mobile
County with the murder of Luther
williams, street-car conductor.
John Thompson and Lewis Cum
mings, charged with the murder OF
Henry Blom In Mobile.
Ernest Waller, charged with the
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-12-29
Hull Aids Bolivia To
Resume Chaco War
Armies Use Truce for
New Concentration

BUENOS AYRES, Dec. 28.--Behind
the To-day truce in the Chac0 war,
the bourgeois-landlord governments
of Bolivia and Paraguay, pawns re-
spectiyely of u. S. and British
imperialism, in an increasingly bitter
fight for control of South American
resources and trade, are rapidly mo-
bilizing their troops for an early re-
sumption Of hostilities in the two
year war.
A proposal for an extension of the
truce scheduled to expire Dec. 81 to
Jan. IA has been accepted by Bolivia,
whose troops suffered severe re-
verse in the fighting which immedi-
ately preceded the armistice, and
will need more time to re-organize.
The proposal was made by U. s.
Secretary of State Hull.
Although the British-controlled
League Of Nations peace" commits
sion Investigating the conflict has
been forced to accept the U. S. pro-
posal to keep up appearances, the
Paraguayan puppets Of British i'm
perialism are making no bones OF
their opposition to an extension Of
the truce.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-12-29
Cobs Inyade Workers Homes
Seeking Frame>Up Victim
Try To Frame Unemployed Council Members
in the Weiss Murder

denials Of innocence, the detectives
tried to use the fact that Luciano had
been an active member Of the local
Unemployed Council and had once
heckled Socialist speaker at Sixth
Street meeting that had broken up in
a night.
Raise "MoScow" Cry
Robert Kelly, an Unemployed
Council member living in the same
building, was also brought to the sta
ton house for questioning. When a
few Soviet coins we're found on him,
his questioners tried to force the adj
mission out Of rim that he was a
Soviet agent, he informed the Dolly
Worker reporter. The police kept his
membership cards.
Throughout the whole investigation.
workers homes are being invaded
without warrant, houses ransacked
and occupants treated in a brutal
fashion. Mrs. Luciano, 20, mother Of
three children and just out OF the
hospital with her 1s-day old infant
in her arms would have been dragged
off to the station house along with
her huso.nd were it not for the pro-
tests ~ her husband and neighbors.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-12-29
NAILS FLOUT
VERDICT HOLD
DEFENDANTS
Mass Fight Must Be
Intensified to Save
Four Communists
Lives of Defendants
in Grave Danger,
Committee Warns

BERLIN, Dec. 28.-Al-
though it will be a week to-
morrow since the worldwide
protests forced the Nazi Su-
preme Court to admit the innocence
of the four Communist defendants In
the Reichstag arson trial, George
Dimitroff. Ernst Torgler, Blagoi
Popoff and Vassil Taneff are still
held in the Nazi dungeons.
The Nazi authorities have not yet
decided what they will do with these
four heroic Representatives of the
world working class. 1t is evident
that the NaZi camp is split, with
one section led by Goering, whom
Dimitroff brilliantly exposed, de-
manding that the planned murder OF
the four Communist leaders be car
ried out "by other means" while
another section is wavering before
The worldwide indignation against
this bestial crime. Only an inten-
sification of the worldwide mass
fight can save the four comrades and
the hundreds of thousands of other
revolutionaries in the Nazi prison!
and concentration camps.
NEW YORK.-Th National Com
xnittee to Aid the Victims of Ger
man Fascism renewed it's plea today
for increased protest actions, includ-
ing the sending of delegations to the
German Consuls and the German
Embassy in Washington, protest
demonstrations before these build.
irgs, and the cabling Of demands tt
the German Minister of the Interior
Prick, at Berlin, for the safe, imrne-
date and unconditional release o.
the four Communist defendants
whose innocence the Nazi court ha'
been forced to admit.
All organizations are also urget
TO issue statements to the American
press, and to hold mass meetings
throughout the United States to rail-!
new sections of the toiling popula'
ton to the worldwide fight for the
release of the four defendants.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-12-29
Drastic Decline in
Jobs Admits Green;
$4,000 in a Month
Green Casts Lot with
Employers; Praises
Roosevelt's C.W.A.
BY MARGUERITE YOUNG
daily Worker Washington Bureau)

WASHINGTON, d. c., Dec. 2S--
Unemployment is increasing faster
now than at any time since January,
william Green, President of the
American Federation of LABOR, adj
nitted today in making public his
trade union report showing mat about
$4,000 were laid off from October to
November.
The percentage of members unem-
)ioyed in December was estimated al
22.6, compared to q in November and
at in October. The telltale figures
followed White House session last
night, in which President Roosevelt
and some of his aids joined john j.
RasISob, munitions and moor king
and former democratic party chair
man, ard Albsrb L. Deaus, President
of the General Motors Holding Cor
poration, in muiiing over plan which
would head OF even discussion OF I'M
employment insurance in Congress by
suggesting a still unexplained pseudo
insurance plan that would suit en-
ployers.
Green, instead Of talking for I'M
employment insurance, threw his lot
with employers, saying, I'VE cannot
hope to pull the ship of business out
of depression by Stacking hold on the
tow-rope Just as she begins to move. .
re upbra.ded some" employers foI
feeling" less responsibility for their
men now that Civil WORKS are provid-
ing jobs for several million"
In manufacturing alone, $4,000 lost
their jobs during November, the Green
report said. These lay-offs "are much
larger than in any other normal year
for which we have records, larger else
than in any year since depression"
Striking Contrast
Still, Green figured there are only
more than six million" still unem-
ployed and without normal income
He said industrial unemployment in
creased from 10, 1872, 900 in october, to
lO,7O2, 900 in November, but that "the
relief administration (of the Federal
government estimate that 4 million
were at work under C.W.A."
Developments in November ano
December are in striking contrast tc
the steady employment gains from
April to September when men went
back to work by the millions, even
though business was declining from
July forward. Apparently some
employers feel less responsibility fol
their men now that Civil Works are
providing Jobs for several million. Il
they deliberately drop their men from
payrolls now to let the government
care for them (by means Of C.W.Ao
will they ever again have the right
to protest against so-called govern
ment interference in businesS?"
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-12-29
To'lyo Envoy Ord ared
to Speed to u. S. A.

LONDON, Dec. 23.--Kirosi Saito,
new japanese AMBASSADOR to the
u. S., was ordered today to pro-
coed at once TO washington. He
had intended to visit Tokyo before
assuming his post.
Japanese plans for an early at
tack on the Soviet Union, making
II necessary 10 ATTEMPT to patch up
the greatly strained U. S.-Japaness
relations, was believed v have
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-12-29
In the Daily Worker
Today

Page :
Sports, by 81 Gerson.
N,R.A. Men Is GIoversvfAe
Leather Workers Union.
Studemts March ON White House
in Anti-War Protest
Page 5
Rooscyelts' Orders Used to Break
Philadelphia Strike.
Miners to Fight Check-off
Page 4
Workers in Transportation and
Communication
Letters from Workers In Trans
portation and Communication
'sParty Life"
TN the Home" by HeIen Luke.
DR.. Luttinger Advises.
Page 5
s'What World!" by Michael Gold
Tuning In, stage and Screen,
what's On.
'Trom Moscow to Siberia" BY
Walt Cannon.
Page 8
Hditpriazs: Roosevelt's Insurance
Talk; Woodring Against War
Plans; New C.W.A. Rulings; A
Different Anniversary
Foreign News
Cuban Government Seeks 10 Spit
Negro and White Workers
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-12-29
C.W.A. LAW "ANENDED" TO
OUTLAW STRIKES, INCREASE
HOURS, WORSEN CONDITIONS
Pope Plus Fires 500
Vatican Employees

VATICAN CITY, Dec. 28.-Pope
Plus, who has issued number OF
encyclicais on the need for cap
ital and labor working together,
fired 600 workers today. All had
been employed on the gardens and
roads of the papal state. The mass
discharge was part of his New
Years economy program.
The Pope recently delivered q
radio broadcast attacking the So
Wet Union.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-12-29

Continued on Page p
Evening star., 1933-01-25
Grain Market

By the Associated Press.
CHICAGO, January 25-Grain prices
averaged higher early today. Drought
conditions in domestic Winter wheat
territory Southwest were reported
worse, and the time extremely late for
any material relief.
Opening unchanged to Nh higher
wheat afterward held near the initial
limits. Corn started at 1s-L decline
to Is advance and subsequently al
tered little.
Comprehensive officials advices said
that in the West Central Great Plains
the condition of wheat was very Door
to only fair, with considerable damage
from soil blowing. Emphasis was also
given to reports of Winter killing of
wheat In the Pacific Northwest and to
severe low temperatures in parts of
continental Europe devoid of snow COW
ering. Price bulges, however failed to
hold well, and at times the market
dipped under yesterdays finish.
Although absence Of sustained specu-
lative buying of wheat was handicap
to friends of higher prices, rallies from
downturns were frequent, and all around
fractional gains developed from an in
termittent influx of small purchase Or
ders. These orders came chiefly from
commission houses. Pit traders were
the main source Of selling pressure.
Corn and oats were inclined to lag,
immediate demand for corn being ap-
parently confined to elevator interests.
Provisions held about steady.