davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-04-08
T he Words
and the Deeds
OF Pacitists

On March 10. 1917, the American
Peace Society announced that 1t
recognized with deep appreciation
the efforts Of President Wilson to-
ward war and at the same time to
protect the honor of the nation and
the rights and lives of our citizens.
We wish TO assure him Of our hearty
support in his determination to Sc
cure recognition of the claims OF
justice and humanity"
These pacifists prated against
war but Immediately came to the
support of their imperiaist masters,
even before it was declared. How
ever the position of these pacifistx
changes when it comes to support
the wars of oppressed peoples
China, India and the support Of
civil war (the proletarian revolu-
tom here they say that &c Is Of
the opinion, that armed tnsurrec-
ton, both in the social revolution
and in the struggle for colonial lib
Grafton, brings with 1t the great
danger of the establishment of .
new militarism PRUSSIA, China9. =
From pamphlet by the Anti-Nsfi-
itarist Bureau "a pseifiss orssnisN-
tion),
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-04-08
ArchaHget, Russia,
January 5, 1919.

M dear mother and fother:
you receiUe this letter is entirely due to the kind
of American sailor friend of mine 0 has offered
to mail Chen arriving in the States He eaUes this land
Of chaos in feJ0 days not 0rng you this letter to
W0Try but doubt it lCiH find that cOndj-
tioHs such here that everything possible must be done
to mprore them. The American forces in this section
sist only of Regiment about $500 We are under
British orders ohch in opinion, disgrace to the
United States.
As haze explained in a previous letter, told
that this expedition only for the purpose of guarding
American supplies and defeat the Huns preventing Russia
from becoming Ally of the Central PoWers. 1t has de-
Ueoped into expedition of interference. We
fighting the HsheUtks but this not being done nth the
aid of the Russian people They all plotting and tUOrk
ing against wth the exception of the capitalists, ICho
solely soliciting the aids of the Allies The Russian
people consider the problem is for themselves to take
of and hare right to murder any of these Russians
The Russians that entisti1g in the British Army
here obtain all the food and clothing they possibly OBJ
tain and uhen they taken to the front they to
the BotSheUk side. Do you think should fight here
under such conditonsF
We all loyal Americans. true to the flag aud
try and ready to die for the at any time but
beieUe that the IT, s. is ignorant of conditions here If
conditions do not improve Could not be surprised
that wU address by letter, priUae" again instead of
sergeant WW be doing something here ,cheh soiH
des,otioR
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-04-08
By A. Alfred

On January 2S, 1918, the Govern
ment of the Russian Socialist Fede-
rated Soviet Republics signed the
decree for the establishment of the
Red Army of workers and peasants.
The Red Army is not just one
ordinary army among many. 1t is
not a Russian army" The army
which was built up in 1918 was
fundamentally different from the
armed forces of any of the capital
ist countries. 1t was a Socialist ar
my-a proletarian army--the army
of q new ruling class--a genuine
army of workers and peasants.
The creation Of such an army
necessitated certain definite, previ-
ously existing conditions. The most
important and essential condition
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-04-08
HISTORY OF THE RED ARMY

bourgeois armies and navies - as
well as of Fascist or Soctal-FaScist
military organizations-come from
the working class does not affect
the argument. II is quite natural
that the capitalists have no special
inclination themselves to serve as
cannon fodder and that they there
fore prefer that workers and pea
SAINTS shall suffer and die for them.
AS we know, the whole of capitalist
society rests upon the exploitation
and oppression Of the masses in the
interests of small section OF cap
italists. Not only do they exploit
the workers in industry and on the
land, III order to secure the product
Of their labour; but this eSploita-
ton is carried on to the battle
fields Of imperialist warfare, which
warfare arises solely through the
greed OF the capitalists and Is
waged in their interests. The OPP
preston Of the masses through mil
itarism is one Of the most despic-
able forms Of capitalist rule.
LAC 1bCA 6AlH4J 40 Oil al Va PiO~
letarian revolutions child of the
victorious october Revolution. 1t
was forged in the fires of the pro-
letarian instruction. The history of
the origin of the Red Army can
not be separated from the history
of the preparations for, and the &C
complishment of, the October in
surrection. This is not only be-
cause the Red Army is inspired by
the same ideas as those for which
the armed workers fought in the
instruction, but also because the
core Of the Red Army was formed
Of actual proletarians and peas
ants who actively took part in the
uprising.
Taken from the pamphlet: 1.-THE
Origin OF The Red Army" by A.
Alfred Price 10 cents. Printed by
Workers Library Publishers.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-04-08

We swear that We will never al
low the formidable unity which has
been established here among the
exploited and yictimised masses to
be broken up.
I'VE swear 10 tight with all our
force and with all the means at our
command against imperialist capt.
talism, that purveyor to the slaugh-
ter house.
1--WE swear to dedicate ourselves
with all our forces and all our re-
sources to our immediate and press
ing tasks, taking our stand:
Against ornaments, against war
preparations, and in consequence
against the governments ruling us;
against chauvinism. lingo national
indictments and faScisn, the police
army Of imperialism which leads to
imperialist war and proyokes civil
war against the working class;
Against war budgets, a vote for
which is a disllonor and crime;
Against the loans and taxes that
rob the masses to build ornaments;
Against the campaign Of prop
uganda and SANDER aimed at the
Soviet Union, the country of social
ist construction which we will not
allow to be touched;
Against the dismemberment OF
China, of which each imperialist
power coyets a portion
Against the exploitation, oppres-
sion, and massacre of the colonial
peoples;
"For the support OF the national
ninorities and the peoples fighting
for their national and social indie
pendence;
"For the effective support Of the
japanese workers who have raised
the standard OF struggle against
their own imperialist government
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-04-08
THE POSITION OF REFORMISTS AND
OF REVOLUTIONISTS IN u. S. ON WAR
Jam Opposed to War Until 1t Begins" Said
= Benson, S. P. Candidate in 1916

The Socialist Party in the United
states does not want its record in
HE past war mentioned. Its role
wsSe no different from that Of the
other parties in the second inter
national. Even before the U. 8.
entered the war, the presidential
candidate Of the Socialist Party,
Allen Benson in 1916, became the
press agent of American imperial
ism. With usual pacifist phrases
he said: Il am opposed to war up
10 the time 1t begins. s.. When 1t
comes TO question Of whether the
United States or some other power
is TO win in fight they are al
ready in, am for the USA, all
the way. ANY other position is the
position Of an anarchist. An anar-
chiSt is against all sorts Of govern
ment;,I am not. I am for the gov
ernment Of the United States"
Benson the socialist candidate
means that he is for the Wall
Street government Of the U. S.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-04-08
Wilson Talked Peace in 1916 While
He Prepared War Declaration
Promised Freedom Justice Filled Jas With Thousands
of Militant Workers

In preparations for war the cap
italist class by its secret diplomacy,
the smoke screen Of peace talk,
always tries to take the workers off
guard and have them unprepared
when actual war is declared In
this respect it is well to quote the
tricky remarks OF Wilson before the
United States entered the imperial
ist war and contrast them with the
war declarations.
In accepting the nomination for
president at Shadow Lawn, N. j.,
on September Q, 1916, he said
There must be a just and settled
peace, and We here in America must
contribute the full force Of our
enthusiasm and of our authority
as a nation to the organization Of
that peace upon worldwide foun-
dations that cannot easily be
shaken
A year before IN an address be
fore the Civil Advisory Board OF
the Navy on October 6, 1915:
''The spirit of America is
spirit that is profoundly concerned
with peace, because 1t can express
itself best only in peace. It is the
spirit of goodwill and of human
freedom.
War Declaration
But only brief time elapsed be-
tween elections and April 6, 1917,
when the very same Wilson before
q Joint session OF congress in call
ing for declaration of war spoke g.
different tone. Wilson'S war de-
claration:
II advise that the Congress
formally accept the status of belli-
gerent which has thus been thrust
upon it and that 1t take inlmedi-
ately steps not only TO put the
country in a more thorough state of
defense, but also 10 exert all it's
power and employ all its resources
to bring the government Of the
German Empire to terms and end
the war"
Our object is 10 vindicate
the principles OF peace and justice
in the life of the world against self
ish and autocratic power.
Wilson's Freedom Of Speech
Wilson continues throughout the
period Of war his flowery phrases.
Parading as one permitting freedom
Of speech TO every opinion" he
said, There are some organiza-
tons in this country whose object is
anarchy and the destruction Of law
&C.. despise and hate their pur-
poses as much as any man, but .
I would be too proud not to see
them done justice, however wrong
they are.
But in actual deeds he refused to
grant pardon to Debs but sent
him to Atlanta jail thereby short
ening his life.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-04-08
What Are These
Helmets For?
tRy . Worker Correspondent

i@y y Worker Correspondent
NEW YORK CITY-Learned from
. reliable source, which have been
asked nos 10 make public for good
res~"~S. that an order for 100000
stCsl L. It's was placed with a steel
company having offsces in New York
City, as well as elsewhere.
These new spring hats, decreed By
the War Department as what men
shall wear" are to be shipped 10
some foreign country. This particu-
lar country was known only 10 the
inner circle.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-04-08
Literature on
Fight Against
Bosses War

The pamphlet, Behind the Scenes
d the Disarmament Conference
40 cents thoroughly exposes The
preparations Of the imperialists and
social fasciStS for the next world
in1perialist war; Japanese Inn
periaIism Stripped (5c) contains in
full the secret memorandum of
Premier Tanaka Of Japan outlining
in detail the plans Of Japanese i'm
perialiSm for war against the Chi
nese masses and the Soviet Union;
Japan In Manchuria (10c) gives a
thorough analysis of the resources
Of Msnchuris and the background
OF Che Japanese invasion, while
the pamphlets An Eyewitness In
Manchuria (15c), War in China
tr0cI Soviet China (10c), ard Chi
hGse .Toiling Women (5c), graphi-
nese T0;ling Women (15c), graph
ically describe the war which is GO
ing on and the life and struggles of
the Chinese masses; Chemical
Warfare q0c) outlines how poison
gas will be used more than ever
before in the coming imperialist
slaughter.
The capitalist campaign Of lies
and SANDER against the Soviet
Union in their attempt TO mobilize
the masses for war against the
workers fatherland receives a sharp
rebuff in the pamphlets: Anti
Soviet Lies and the Five Year Plan
(f0c), and Soviet Dumping" Fable
(2c1. while the pamphlet The
Soviets Fight for Disarmament
(20c) contains the latest speeches
Of M. Litvinov, Commissar of For
eign Affairs at the Disarmament
Conference at Geneva.
How shall the workers struggle
against war? This question is
answered in three pamphlets:
Revolutionary Struggles Against
War VS.. Pacifism (5c), and The
World Congress Against War (5c),
which is a report of the Interna-
tionai Anti-War Congress held last
August attended by 1000 delegates
from q countries and representing
over 3O,O00,o00 people.
finally, no Communist or reyo-
lutionary worker should fail to have
and master the contents OF the
pamphlet The Struggle Against Inn
perialist War and the Tasks of the
Communists (15c) which contains
the resolution OF the Sixth World
Congress of the Communist Inter-
national on the struggle against
war, and is an indispensable hand
book and guide in the revolutionary
struggle against war and for the
overthrow of the capitalist system
which is at the root Of all eXploita-
ton and war.
The Little Lenin Library consist
Of aseries of pamphlets containing
articles by Lenin which are inval-
liable for a thorough theoretical
understanding of the character of
imperiabst wars and the tasks of
the proletariat.
= An of these pamphlets can be
obtained from Workers Library
Publishers. p. o. Box 1853, Station D,
New York CITY
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-04-08

Once war was declared by the
United States, the very same day,
April s, 1917, the socialist Mil
waukee Leader wrote: $50 long
as there remained a possibility Of
peace the socialists strove to pre-
serve 1t by every means within their
power"
Now that war is upon US, it re-
mains for them to do their utmost
to safeguard the rights and inter
eSts Of the people. The Social
lists are loyal today; loyal their
have ever been and loyal they will
remain
Morris Hilquit, theoretical leader
of the Socialist Party in a much
more hidden manner, with the
usual phrases about defense" and
danger Of INVASION gave his APP
proval in the following article APP
pearing In the N. Y. Times Mag
azine Section, February IL, 1917:
1.-THE Socialist attitude has always
been this-to oppose war regardless
Of the circumstances, and when war
did come in such countries as were
actually invaded or in real danger
OF invasion, to go to the defense
OF the country as has happened in
Belgium and France and Germany
and Austria"
YeAces OF Revolt
While the Socialist Party leaders
were vieing with each other in sup
port of the imperialist war; among
the rank and file membership re-
sentiment was growing. The left
wing which was later to form the
Communist Party, led by G. Z.
Ruthenberg, who was a founder Of
the Communist Party stood togeth-
er with the revolutionists in other
countries, exposing the real char
acter Of the imperialist war. In his
speech in the Federal Court in
Cleveland, July, 1917, facing jail
for his militant activity, he said:
''I am speaking to you as Karl
Liekknecht spoke to the German
nation, as he spoke in the Parlia-
ment Of that country, when he de-
nounced the war as a war of the
ruling class and stated his unalter-
able opposition to that war. And
say to you that if you are in
spired by this idea. If you are
inspired by that which will bring
about better world, then you
must stand up and fight for that
ideal. You must fight side by side
with those who are fighting this
war.
Gene Debs, in the appeal to
Reason" which socialists" have
now combined with the New Lead
err and use its fighting traditions
for their social-fascist program
sounded q different note. Debs,
writing in the Appeal to Reason"
on Sept. IL, 1915:
" am not capitalist soldier; 7
am proletarfan revolutionist. I
do not belong to the regular army
Of the plutocracy, but to the irreg-
ular army of the people. I refuse
to obey any command to fight from
the ruling class, but will not wait
to be commanded to fight for the
working class.
am opposed TO every war but
one; l am for that war with heart
and soul, and that is the world wide
war of the social revolution. In that
war I am prepared to fight In any
way the ruling class may make 1t
necessary, even to the barricades. p
Compare this speech with Hill
quits and other socialist" speech
es.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-04-08

admitted by Graves
semenoff had the sssppors OF gne
United States.
we stopped &C a small station
and two American Russian Railway
Service Corps men got on our train
and told Us Of the killing by Sem
enofS soldiers, two or tire days be-
fore our arrival, Of q trainload OF
Russians consisting Of $50 people
I do not remember II there were only
men in the train, or II there we're
men and women. These two Anne
ricans stated substantially as fol-
lows.
This teAtnIoad oS prisoners
passed the station and Il was
generally know In The station that
they were 70 be killed. The sery-
ice Corps men started 10 go TO
the place Of execution but were
stopped by Semenoff's soldiers,
In one hour and fifty minutes
the empty train returned 10 the
station The following day these
two men went out to the killing
place, and saw evidence Of tbs
wholesale execution and Il was
evident from the shells On thG
ground that the prisoners had
been killed with machine guns,
as the empty shells were IN piles
Just as IL they had been elected
from machine guns. The bodies
had been placed In two bitches
which had been freshly dag. In
one ditch the bodies were entirely
covered, in the other ditch many
arms or legs were left uncovered
page 24u
U. S. Army Supports BolSheyikS
But all was not quite on the ST.
berian front as the papers back
home admitted. The American sola
diers fell under the influence of the
Bolsheyik examples. They saw with
their own eyes what was taking
place. And the capitalist press
shrieked in their colun1ns about
mutinies. 1t began TO dawn upon
them that the American soldiers
just like other armies which are
made up from the ranks Of the
workers viii Join in solidarity with
the heroic men and women who
defended the victorious Russian
revolution
The New York Times editorials
on April II, 1919 writes.
'MUTINY AT ARCHANGEL7
American soldiers are not often
unwilling to fight. There has been
regrettable episodes In our military
history-three months men whose
time was up going home on the eve
OF battle in the Civil War, militia in
1912 refusing to cross the Niagara
River to help hard pressed regulars
because they could not constitu-
tionally be called into foreign
service; but the refusal Of troops
at Archangel TO go back to the
front has no parallel since the
mutiny of some starving Contineo-
tails in 1881"
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-04-08
WALL ST. SUPPORTED KOLCHAK'S
SLAUGHTER OF RUSSIAN PEOPLE
Sent Army and Ammunition Into Siberia 10
Crush Proletarian Revolution

When the Workers and Peasants
Of Russia overthrow their oppres-
sors and established the Dictator
ship Of the Proletariat, they found
every capitalist country ready to
drown the revolution in the blood
Of the toilers,
The allied countries sent theig
armies of intervention. OF course
all of this was done In the name Of
civilization" humanity" and "for
the rights Of the people" against the
barbarian bolshevism'
The United States sent It's IN
tervention army headed by General
Graves to help the defender Of the
Russian people Kolchak"
Now, many years after this a.
tempt TO destroy the Russian re-
yolution We get fragments Of what
actually these militarists have done
General Graves in his memoirs,
Americas Siberian Adventure"
makes some admissions. They come
as result Of q controversy between
these military leaders, AS the saying
Is, when thieves fall out, the truth
will out" Therefore the general
gives us SONS facts
Who Supported Koichak?
The United States, England,
France and Japan might have put
enough money into Siberia to keep
the railroads running and enough
soldiers to guard it, all for the bene-
fit of Kolchak, but at this time.
after the terrible excuses commit
ted by his supporters, and others
who claimed to support him, no
power on earth could have driven
the peasant to support his cause"
page 244) Graves book.
Some of the acts Of Semenoff as
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-04-08
Lenin on War

BY social patriotism we mean the
willingness to defend ones country
in this imperialistic war, to justify
the alliance of the Socialists with
the bourgeoisie and the govern
ments Of their own country, and
the refusal to preach and support
the revolt of the proletarians
against their national bourgeoisie.
1t is Obvious that In its essential
traits, politically and intellectually,
chauvinism is identical with oppor-
tunism. Both represent one and
the same tendency.
Socialism and War.--LENIN.
"A logical analysis of war leads
to the conclusion that war is simply
the continuation of politics by
other means"
Socialism and The War--LENTN.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-04-08

Civil wars are also wars. Those
who accept the class struggle must
accept civil wars, which, under GER
tain circumstances, are natural
and inevitable continuance, develop
ment and accumulation of the class
struggle in every society based on
class divisions. To deny or to
overlook civil wars would mean be-
coming a victim Of the most hope
less opportunism and abandoning
the social revolution.
Socialism and war.-LENIN.
The fight against Imperialism is
empty and deceitful II it Is not
combined with q fight against OPP
portunism.
Socialism and Wsr.--LENIN.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-04-08
A PLEDGE

rhs following pledge, which il based 90
the Manifesto adopted 1T the Amsterdam
Congress last August, Was signed By ever
scoe delegates from ~ countries at the
Congress. From the U. 3. al delegates
attended. AnonE those elected 10 the In
ternstional Committee Is Frank Borich,
secretary Of the National Miners Union,
This pledge 10 being carried into effect
By the American Committee for Struggle
Against War in the United States, a sec
sion Of the International Comrntsee set
up By the World Congress;
THE PLEDGE
Each OF us here takes what Is IN
the nature Of pledge, and we take
1t all together.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-04-08
A LETTER BACK HOME FROM U. S.
SOLDIER DURING INTERVENTION

The following letter sent by American soldier
stationed with the American Intervention forces in northern
Russia 1919 is effective reply to tho propaganda APP
pearng in the capitalist press Of the United States about
tales of dissatisfaction with the Soviet Government
among the Russian workers and peasants The letter. read
into the record by Senator Hiram Johnson Of California
taken from the Congressional Record March l. 1919 page
Abs
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-04-08

was the overthrow OF the bourgeoi-
sic, the victory of the proletarian
revolution and the assumption Of
power by the working class.
A real workers and peasants ar
my is uncomfortable within the
framework of capitalist society.
Only bourgeois armies can exist in
capitalist lands. All armed forces,
permitted by the capitalist ruling
class, must be tools in the hands Of
the bourgeoisie, whether they be
official bodies or so-called "volun-
tary' military organizations.
ARMIES
The fact that the overwhelming
majority of the members OF the
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-04-08

A suppressed class that does not
strive to acquire knowledge OF arms,
that does not possess and use arms,
such an oppressed class invites be
ing suppressed and enSlaYed.
Socialism and War.-LENIN.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-04-08

This was printed on the first page
OF the British Daily Worker" ex-
posing shipments of war material
to Japan. American workers take
note. Send in reports Of war pro-
duction In facSories and ammuni-
ton shipments from all ports.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-04-08
Make Uniforms Here
for War in Far East
BY a Worker Correspondent

BY = WOrher CoELtspVna@@s
LONG BRANCH, N. 1.-THE sam
uel Rothstein Co., located near the
railroad station here, is a manufac-
turer of uniforms, and is sending
carloads of uniforms TO China at
present. Il. N.