davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1933-06-11

ROME, Italy.-The argument as to
whether fascism is superior to art or
art to fascism has broken out with new
fury among intellectuals in Italy, fol-
lowing the first annual Congress Of
Authors and Writers in Bologna.
All good Fascists agree that artists
and writer's must serve the revolution,
but there is disagreement as to whether
the artist should be permitted to do as
the canons Of art dictate or should be
provided by the party with specifica-
tions for his work.
Arts Said to Be Languishing
The arts are languishing in Fascist
Italy today, say those who want to
make art function of the government; /;
the state should take them in hand
and promote and control painting, writ
ing, architecture and sculpture Just as
1t does wheat farming and the manu-
facture OF automobiles and radios. For
eign competition should be shut out by
quotas and the government controlled
press forced to praise domestic prod
uctS.
This viewpoint betrays funda-
mental misunderstanding Oh Tie Ildturdl
laws of art, replies another faction.
It it too soon to expect art to put on a
black shirt. So long as the artist is in
touch with the essential spirit of the
times, his work will reflect that spirit
to the extent that the nature Of art
makes possible.
Problem Of the Theater.
The theater is the battlefield of the
current controversy The Bologna con-
gress asserts the Italian stage is mori-
bund. The remedy 1t proposes is to
limit to so per cent the proportion of
foreign plays which may be produced
in any Italian theater, and to con-
strain the dramatic critics to be partial
to Italian plays and unsympathetic
toward foreign ones.
Impartial and possible irreverent,
outsiders suggest the Italian theater
Is moribund because few good Italian
plays are being written and that those
which are produced are poorly staged
In uncomfortable and inadequate the
aters by companies unversed in dra-
matte art. This comment, however, is
Evening star., 1933-06-11
Male Teachers Oppose
Feminine Supervision

LONDON.-Warnedt that the lot Of a
schoolmaster may be a doubly hen
pecked portion If he was required to
serve under a headmistress, the Ma
tional Association of Schoolmasters'
conference has registered convincing
vote in opposition to the feminine SUI
pervision of male teachers. 1t was ex-
planned by one delegate to the confer
ence that the wife of schoolmaster
did not relish the idea of her husband
being bossed by another woman.
A Liverpool delegate got laugh from
the assembly when he told the story: "A
schoolmaster who went home one day
sick and miserable was asked by his
wife what was the matter. He replied
Miss Jones has been cross with me- u
The conference also opposed equal
salaries for men and women, and the
assessment Of the professional fitness Of
man teachers by woman inspectors. But
1t approved the resolution that all
mixed schools should be under q head
master.
(Copyright 1933) &af4
Evening star., 1933-06-11

kinds, as cleanup men in the kitchens
tions which are filled by poorly paid
colored labor. The type of worker they
represent Is hired tor his ability and
willingness to- work, and perhaps his
honesty, and with no regard to his
state of health or home conditions.
Bill in Congress 20 Years.
For the past 20 years there has been
bill before Congress seeking to pro-
vide plan for doing away with the
alleys. During that time some of the
alleys have been eliminated, 1t Is true,
and the ground put to commercial uses
for which it is suited, but conditions
in those that remain have not i'm
proved in the least, and reports indi-
cate that the strained economic situa-
ton which the poor have had to face
IN the years of the depression have
forced more of them to move to the
alley dwellings, SO that the population
has actually increased in the last two
years
The revamped alley improvement bill,
which was passed by the Senate last
week, has been designed to meet some
of the principal criticisms with which
such legislation has been faced in the
past, and 1 fervently hope that enough
strength can> be mustered to put 1t
through the present Congress.
What 1t proposes is a gradual re-
building program, to extend over a
period of 10 years, at the end of which
time the alleys in question will have
been opened UP as minor streets or the
Evening star., 1933-06-11

ROME, Italy.-Joseph Lewis Wei, n,
has arrived in Rome after a two-year
pilgrimage from Singapore. almost all
of it on foot-a trek of 5000 miles
and has been received by the Pope.
Trust in God, strong feet and a
coed stomach are all I brought with
me-" the young pilgrim said on his ar
rival
over mountains and deserts, through
trop,cal rains and binding SHOWS: beat
en- up. robbed and left for dead by
bandits. Wei seems more impressed by
the number of 'pagans" he saw on his
journey than by anything else.
so many people on my long trek!"
he said. christians and missionaries
I have seen, but who could have counted
all the pagans? I should never have
believed there were so many of them!
The Catholics of the West-are they
taking full account of them?"
Wei's route lay from Singapore to
Siam, then TO Burma, through the
mountains into Yunnan, thence to Tibet
Evening star., 1933-06-11
"Crucify!" -. "Crucify!"
BY BRUCE BARTON.

7 Asst week spoke of the South Sea bubble and the
Mississippi scheme pointed out how their amazing
l. Of aSiSeS isSs2 2slAss '' 'fl'A sA'''ei' anu 0 w
CYou read the story in fascinating old book by
6eIusions and the Madness Of Crowds.O
The parallel does not end with the bursting Of the
BOOM continues through the bitter period OF dehation,
investigation and recovery.
Do you imagine, example, that "hoarding" is
"The first slight alarm was occasioned early in 172o.
The Prince de CONT offended that Law should have denied
him fresh shares in India stock at his own % price sent 70
quantity notes that three required for its
Law to the regent and urged on his
Of it. and sending for the Prince de Cont ordered him
thirds of the specie which he had withdrawn from it.
Notwithstanding every effort the precious metals
Do that the emergency measures enacted at
Washington in recent weeks When the
after holding public meetings devise what
best to be taken to restore public credit generally
agreed that deputies should be sent from all
dam to consult with the government upon remedy"
It's all happened M SO many times before Again and
Law in Paris was almost god until his scheme
collapsed Men fought for introductions to him. titled
women willing to make any sacrifice for his favor
After the collapse every and cried for his
blood.
England when the bubble burst Parliament hastened
proclaimed that every farthing by the criminals
lthe recent leaders" and empire buders) ought
conf1scated to make good the public losses"
I hold no brief for those who, during boom,
should have led wisely and instead betrayed their
greed
merely draw attention to the exactly
like our ancestors AS Dr. Mackay points out: Nobody
ing lust of gain which had swallowed up every quality
in the national character the nfatuaion which had
into the net held out for them by scheing projectors
We the victims never assess any of the fault against
recently acclaimng the cry Of "crucyi"
tCOpyrsh. lsssa
Evening star., 1933-06-11
Upward Trend Seen
In Canadian Figures

OTTAWA, Charlottesville Canada
Is still faced with many difneulties
arising out Of the economic depres-
sion. the statistics for May indicate
that the worst isspast. wholesale prices
In particular for the last two months
have been advancing toward higher lev
els. The. lowest point since pre-war
days was reached In February, and the
reversal of the downward trend in the
last two months must be regarded as
significant Of development. The April
index of wholesale prices was 65.o, as
compared with the low point Of 63.s in
February.
From the Canadian point Of view it
Is particularly gratifying that the gain
has taken place largely In the prices
Of farm products. ~ a
Other statistics that are indicative
OF. improvement are the construction
contract awards which amounted to
$S.6o0,00o in April. compared with
$3,200,00 in March, the gain being
much In excess Of the normal seasonal
expectation. The index Of railway car
loadings In the last week Of April was
higher than at any time since last
November. Gains have now been shown
in three consecutive weeks.
(Copyright, 1e33.) .r.
Evening star., 1933-06-11
FRANCO-U. S. ARMS BARGAIN
ISVISJJALIZED BY OBSERVER
Conversation Reveals Willingness of
Paris to keep on Trying to
Solve Problem of Security.

| whether under the covenant or pact
or anything else.
The United States-You had better
ask Great Britain then.
France-We intend to. Meanwhile
in our opinion. the best security OF all
would be permanent, continuous inter-
| national supervision OF everybody s
armaments, including the Germans, IN
order to make secret arIning impossible
The United States-That is not un-
reasonable and, as long as you do not
ask us to take active steps against ma
tions which break treaty, we entirely
agree.
France-Yes, but first we must make
sure that the supervision will really
work. We must try it out for few
years.
Gives Confidential Figures.
The United States-If it is tried out
and it works, will you promise to give
up any considerable part OF your heavy
arms?
France-Absolutely. And as a mark
of our good faith, here are some actual
figures. Please keep them confidential.
but here they are.
interesting Your proposal seems fair
disarmament after all.
France-Yes, If Germany agrees and
If Germany ceases Its secret arming.
The United States-Germany will
doubtless accept any fair plan spon-
sored by Great Britain and the United
States So probably will Italy.
France hope so, but am skeptical
Suppose Germany refuses, or, after ac-
cepting. breaks the treaty? What are
you going to do about it?
The United States-Why do you al
ways insist on trying to foresee every
possible future contingency? Why can't
you show little faith in other peoples
good will? If the worst comes to the
worst and neither Great Britain nor
the United States feels disposed to act,
you would be no worse of than now
and equally able to act alone. Don't
you really think an agreement prefer
able meanwhile?
FTance-Certainly do.
The United States-Then you feel as
I do, that progress has been made. and
agreement Is not impossible and that
it is worth while to keep on trying?
France-Undoubtedly t.&e
The United States-Then that is the
bargain. We will meet again In a few
days and try to come to some con-
clusion
Whenever and wherever you
like.
Evening star., 1933-06-11
Continued From First Page,

payers viii have to 60 little deeper
into their pockets In order to balance
our Federal budget. This will leave
our own taxpayers with little less
money with which to buy goods. II we
collect the debts, our taxpayers will
not have to pay quite such heavy taxes,
but will they have any more money
left? Not II their own incomes are
cut down by the competition of foreign
goods.
As a matter Of fact. it will affect
different taxpayers differently. Those
whose incomes are. pretty definitely
fixed, who receive contractual incomes
in the form OF interest, pensions, in
surance, money, ETC., will not have
their incomes reduced by the compe-
tition Of imported goods. They viii
not want to see their own taxes in
creased by failure to collect our for
eign debts. Their own interests would
prompt them to demand full payment.
On the other hand, those whose In
which have to compete with imported
products will ind their incomes
jeopardized by the collection Of foreign
debts. To force our debtors to pay
Is to force them to sell us goods In
order to get the money with which to
pay. In proportion as they send us
goods which compete with our own
products, In that proportion will they
reduce the incomes of our producers
who have to meet that competition.
It is not, therefore, IA question ON
which Our own people can unite The
most bitter controversy Will be among
rvuv, oyn1 1<,f hofxr
country and our debtors
1t is better political strategy for our
producers. who do not want our debt
ors to pay us in goods, to work for
higher tariff barriers than to work for
the cancellation of debts. Make our
tariff barriers high enough and our
debtors simply cannot pay us. That
has about the same effect on our pro-
ducers as the cancellation Of debts, but
it provokes less opposition at home.
II Is In harmony with the traditional
policy of protectionism, on which both
parties are now agreed. The only per-
cepsibie difference between the two
parties Is that Republican Congressmen
are for protecting the industries of Re-
publican States and Democratic Con-
gresEmen are for protecting the indus
tries OF Democratic States.
Some Of our people viii certainly op-
pose the cancellation Of international
debts on the ground that 1t will increase
their tax burdens. Others will oppose
the collection OF those debts on the
ground that they will have to be paid
in goods. The opposition of the latter
viii take the form Of trade barriers
which will make it impossible for our
debtors to pay US. With this wide diff
ference Of opinion at home. what chance
is there that an International confer
ence, even If the conferees could agree
viii accomplish anything on the subject
OF trade barriers or international debts?
The only chance is that q dictatoiial
Government in Washington can ignore
Evening star., 1933-06-11
Number of Pagans Impress Hiker
Covering 5000 Miles to Vatican

and on to Calcutta, Ceylon and Goa,
where he prostrated himself before the
tomb of St. Frances Saverio, patron
of the school where he taught for two
years at Shanghai.
From Goa he proceeded to Bombay,
Karachi Basrah and Mosul, crossing
the Syrian Desert to Aleppo. then Da-
mascus and Beirut. He followed the
Eastern Mediterranean shore to Port
Said, where he took boat for Istanbul
and walked to Athens, continuing again
by boat to Marseilles.
wei's family has been Catholic for
200 years, he says, and has included
several priests After teaching in
Shanghai he held similar post at
the Shanghai College in Singapore.
Not to be outdone by Wei, the Fascist
press characteristically chooses the day
| of his arrival IN Rome to announce
that Anton Simone of Genoa has left
there to walk to Rome to see the Fas-
cist show Of the revolution.
| (Copyright. 1s33)
Evening star., 1933-06-11

PARIS-Tourists in Europe have
complained for generations about the
professional guides that infest the big
cities. Many are dishonest, many more
are incompetent. But the French gov
ernment proposes to change all this so
far as France is concerned. A few
months hence Americans visiting Paris,
when asked the familiar question.
Want a guide. sir?" need only reply,
Lets see your diploma"
M. Pierre Appel, undersecretary for
touring in the department Of public
works, proposes to establish a school
for guides. The plan already has been
appoved by the cabinet. The instruc-
lion will be free and after three months
intensive study an examination will be
held and the successful candidates
Evening star., 1933-06-11
American Visitors Find
Africa Far Too Modern

JOHANNESBURG, South Africa
South Africa Is not half wild enough.
This is the opinion of a large party
of American tourists from the Cunard
liner Carinthia, who have enjoyed a
short stay in South Africa, yet gone
away disappointed. And all because
instead of the sand and savages they
expected to see they found modern
cities, smartly dressed women and men
with the same business hustle they
have in the United States.
Naturally, Johannesburg displayed
its buildings, its parks and its power
fully organized mining industry with
considerable show Of pride, but its
300 American visitors were disap-
pointed.
(Cnnvyirht 1oa2N
Evening star., 1933-06-11
Italian Intellectuals in. Dispute
Over Relations of State to Arts

held to be irrelevant in the present
controversy.
All elements among Fascist intellec-
tuals agree that the ideal of free in
tellectual inquiry ard individual con-
science and inspiration is a hoax per-
petrated by the now decadent liberal
democratic tradition. No artist, it is
agreed by Fascists, has any right to at
tempt work which Is not in full SYM
pathy with the ideals of the Fascist
revolution
The theory on which Diego Rivera
painted Lenins head into his fresco in
the Rockefeller Center Is the theory of
Fascist art today-art is an instrument
of propaganda. The first problem which
arises from this theory has proved here
to be the general ideals which fascism
should inspire in its characteristic art.
(Copyright, 1889
Evening star., 1933-06-11
Mass Migration Viewed
As Unemployment Cure

LONDON R.-Collective emigration
to undeveloped areas Of the empire Il
seen as the solution TO Britain's un-
employment problem, by Sir Henry Page
Croft, member Of Parliament.
Addressing q Conservative meeting
here, he said:
There are still great tracts Of fer
tile and undeveloped territory In the
dominions. I would like to see new set
Elements springing up In them away
from the existing populations.
We must have more Of the war mind
over this question Of unemployment.
and build q great machine to see n
We cannot lift at least q section Of our
population trom despair"
Evening star., 1933-06-11
Australian ''New Guard"
In Militant Fascist Plan

SYDNEY, @.-Enorts are being
made TO establish . Fascist organization
in Australia.
Eric Campbell, founder of the Aus
tralian New Guard, . patriotic organ
ization, Is touring Germany, Poland and
Italy examining similar movements
there.
to Australia the New Guard viii aban-
don the passive role 1t assumed after
last years defeat Of socialistic candi-
dates at the polls. s.ss.
II the government bans the revamped
Fascist organization as an Illegal body.
members say It probably win be trans
formed into q secret society.
Evening star., 1933-06-11

. ARIS.-This is an imaginary dia-
logue. 1t quotes neither French
Premier Edouard Daladier nor
n Norman H. Davis, American
Evening star., 1933-06-11

TT Is not only because OF its signih-
canoe as a further step in the
l maintenance of world peace that
i the reconciliation of Colombia and
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1933-11-15
THE OVERSEAS BRIDGES
miami Friday Mighty
Key West is the southernmcst

Key West is the southernmcst city of
the United States. It is the G.. st city.
to the Pan-American countries, and is a
strategic as well as valuable federal key po-
sition to the Latin American countries.
From the Florida maitland to Key
West, the distance is about 80 miles Half
Of this is over water.
The Overseas Bridge Corporation, a
non-profit organization, is endeavoring to
secure federal aid for the construction Of
bridges over this section in order. to open
up a vast section that will prove of great
value to the government in an emergency.
The voters of Monroe county over
whelmingly expressed favor to the propo-
sition by authorizing bond issue for this
work, funds for which would come from
the government; and later would be paid
back in tolls received.
The federal government has signified
that it is in favor of projects that are
worthy. It has stated that it will aid those
projects that will give work to the unem-
ployed.
The Overseas Bridges are worthy pro-
jects. They will give work to hundreds of
men. They will be worthy asset to the
entire country. They will bring thousands
of additional tourists to Flosida, and they
win be great aid to the government in
time of necessity.
This is not pork barrel grab, but
real progressive attempt on the part of
worthy men to do something worth while.
And that is the position the government
should take in studying the matter. The
aid asked should be granted.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1933-11-15
POWER PLAN FAULTY

ssa Recently the city of : Florence, Ala
bama. located within two miles of the gov
eminent power plant at Muscle Shoals, vot-
ed to go into the power business, expecting
to buy cnear power from the government
and distribute it to citizens and industries
in the vicinity.
When the city came to negotiate with
the Tennessee Valley Authority. the gov
ernment agency in charge of this power, it
was found hat it would be impossible to
carry out its plans, because the Authority
would not permit the city to resell power
to domestic customers at rates which would
enable it to break even.
On the other hand. the rate at which
the city must sell to industrial consumers
was too high to enable it to compete with
the power company which now serves the
Muscle Shoals district.
In statement before gathering of
citizens last week. Mayor Lee Glenn of
Florence frankly said that it was impossible
for the city to buy and distribute Muscle
Shoals power without loss, under the terms
imposed by the government
If the nearest city to Muscle Shoals
finds the governments plan for power dis
trihution ims.racticable, it would seem that
the great expectations 70. less favorably To-
Gated communities with respect 10 the bene-
fits of govsrnmeE: power may also fail OF
realization.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1933-11-15
OLD FIRMS NEW LINES

If it be true that politics makes
strange bedfellows, it is equally true that
something similar may be said of business,
in the light of recent happenings.
Manufacturers of various commodi-
ties are adding lines apparently unrelated
to their original products, some of the new
combinations being almost incongruous at
first glance. For illustration:
A big automobile manufacturing con-
Germ has added refrigerators and radio sets,
q yeast company takes on coffee as COM
panion product, an old sewing machine firm
brings out vacuum cleaner, while two pi-
al1o manufacturers are also building motor
boats.
Perhaps these firms, as well IS others
making similar departures from leir origi-
nal lines, have an explanation -or the new
activities mentioned, each logical enough
from the standpoint of the company con-
cerned
The general idea is believed to be that
by making two or more products manu-
facturer is better enabled to cope with sea-
sonal slumps and in many cases to keep
working forces on more uniform schedule
Of employment.
Whatever the explanation, the new
trend is interesting, and seems likely to
spread to mary other lines of manufacture
ing and marketing.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1933-11-15

Cities, as well as business con-
Germs, compete with each other.
Competition is a principle of pro-
gress in every field of human ac-
tivity. The desire to do better
and be better gives the punch to
urge on to greater accomplish
ments.
It's hard to expect the average
citizen to understand the econO-
mics involved in the "new deal"
The experts themselves do not
seem to understand it, as one set
repudiates the suggestions of the
other while innumerable groups
set out to prove that their par
ticular formulas are the only ones
that will bring salvation to the
country. Trying to keep up with
it makes one dizzy, but we all
hope for the best.
In this day and time people turn
instinctively to the advertisements
in the newspapers to find what
they want and where to buy it.
How to make a living is the
problem confronting most of the
people today. They are too busy
solving the daily bread puzzle to
give much though to anything else.
If your business men have
"gone to bat" for your city, why
not everybody do as much for
them?
1t is reported that in one year
in Manchuria one railroad lost
fifty of its employees killed by
bandits, eight hundred injured
over one thousand kidnapped, fifty
engines and over fifteen hundred
freight and passenger cars destroy
ed. The railroad employees over
there must live a short but active
life.
A good beginning is half the
battle won. Put your sehoulder
to the wheel and help build better
business for your city.