davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1933-07-02

A popular phrase often heard today
Is, America stands at the cross-roads."
The implication of this is that a great
transition Is at hand and that changes
are impending that threaten to dislodge
the very footing stones on which the
Republic is builded. The pessimist is
abroad in the land and as he surveys
superflcially the conditions of life as
reflected in the daily press, he reaches
the inevitable conclusion that the
household OF which he Is a member Is
hopelessly sick and immune to the
remedies that have hitherto effected a
cure. Our vices as people bulk so
large that for the while we seem to for
get our inherent virtues. One un-
wholesome spot. single disclosure that
betrays criminal methods In the admin
istration of an industrial or commercial
corporation Is the occasion for sweeping
generalizations, and hasty Judgment
afflrms that the whole economic condi-
ton Is In process Of decline and decay.
We magnify out Of all proportion our
weaknesses, and we fail to take due
cognizance Of those elements that con-
stitue our Strength and our stability.
Only recently We heard q man OF
large intelligence say over the air that
the hope of our existing civilization
was wholly dependent upon what issued
from the Economic Conference now sit
ting in London. We do not believe it.
Doubtless there are high hopes and
expectations that something valuable
will issue from this supremely impor-
tant conference, but even should it fail
to give satisfactory pronouncements, we
do not believe that our ship of state
will founder or be headed for utter de-
struction. We dare not accept the die
tum that what we have builded through
long years of effort and struggle Is to
perish from the earth.
There is happy mean between de-
structive pessimism and unreasoned
optimism, and We shall hardly mend
our ways by an excess Of leaning to one
extreme or the other. After all, the
great body Of our people is sound and
normal and there Is decidedly more
honesty than dishonesty, more virtue
than vice, when we survey our situation
as q whole.
A brilliant young lawyer Of the
younger generation observed to me that
the present situation which his genera
ton was inheriting was admittedly the
result Of the bad Judgment and worse
Evening star., 1933-07-02
A Closeup of Personalities at
International Economic Conference

Quite thin. Very different in appear
ance from Jeith-Ross.
can't believe it; but there are people
in the conference here who say that
Ptrelli, as an expert, actually knows
more than Leith-Ross. These people
maintain that Pirelli Is the greatest
expert in the whole international world.
Pirelh, like Ross, has been at
it for years and years and years. He
knows all about international monetary
exchanges and all about international
diplomatic conferences. And right by
his side there Is his colleague Beneduce.
Another Alberto. Alberto Beneduce.
He's said to be almost as good as
Pirelli, though perhaps not quite He's
principally scholar. Pirelli, besides
being scholar, is in practical finance
and also in practical industry. Buy
Pirelli automobile tires.
Besides which, for Italy, there's Guido
Jung, whose people were experts in
international banking several genera
tions before he was born. He's an
hereditary expert.
Wonder what Pirelli is saying to Quit.
If we could only overhear these experts,
we might be able to write something.
Grand expert, Quit. Had quite a
talk with him the other day about
copper He's IN the management Of
the big semi-governmental copper mine
in the Congo. The Katanga Mine. It's
one of the lowest low-cost copper pro-
ducing mines in the world.
accused him and his mine of being
responsible for preventing a production
control agreement among the copper
companies of the world, including the
American ones. This he denied and
really did prove to me that I was
wrong. He comes to America lot. He
naturally can advise the Belgian gov
ernment very well about copper, but
he also can advise 1t about everything
else in the practical business line, and
he's been doing SO for years and years
and years.
notice also, as he walks about In
the walking part of this lounge, that
he knows virtually everybody here
except perhaps some of the Americans.
He can point out to me virtually every
foreign expert in the conference and
to be such q thing as a professional
international conference personnel. It
goes from conference to conference and
1t understands itself. Quit knows all
about the problems Of these interna-
tlonal conferences, and he also knows
the inside thoughts Of most of the
people IN them. That's even more
important perhaps.
oh! There's our American financial
expert, James Warburg, coming out of
the subcommission on finance: and
there's our economic expert, Herbert
Feis, coming out Of the subcommission
on trade. Nice smart boys. Just about
their first time out. Promising lads.
Guess I'll scribble.
Our experts are as good as any in
the world. That is, I mean, they can
be. All We need to do is to take Jimmie
Warburg and Herbert Feis and send
them to these shows for is years.
Usually we send our fellows once and
then retire them. That's not the way
to get a Pirelli or a Leith-Ross. War
burg and Feis are keen as tacks IF
we'd only get sense enough to keep
them on the Job steadily from now
Iorward--irespective of changes of ad-
mnistration In Washington-they'd
grow up to be sledge hammers, too"
(Copyright, 1933)
Evening star., 1933-07-02
Ambitions of the Rising Generation
BY FREDERIC ]. HASKIN.

| books were called for In the 1927 test
period 295 times. while last year they
were called for $50 times. In view Of
the fact that, between those years,
hundreds Of thousands of people lost
about everything they had In invest
ments, stock market and otherwise, It
would appear that there has been .
keen desire to learn what was the
matter.
In 1927 the third subject studied was
real estate. There were 264 withdraw
ais on that subject. But in 1882 this
went down to seventh place, while ad-
vertising took third rank. The 1882
real estate book Withdrawals were only
Isl, while advertising showed 371 with
drawals. In 1927 advertising had been
fifth with 225 Withdrawals.
In 1927 the fourth most important
subject seems to have been regarded as
salesmanship. There were $50 book
Withdrawals on that subject, but last
year banking took fourth place with
351 Withdrawals Banking, in 1927,
had been only seventh on the List with
1913 Withdrawals. Last year salesman-
ship appears as fifth with $50 with
drawals.
Interest in New Subjects.
There have been complete substitu-
tions for 1882, 50 that the list is not
exactly comparable. The readers have
gone to new subjects. For example,
sixth on the 1882 list comes business
economics, q subject which did not ap-
pear In the 1927 list ct all. Withdraw
ais OF books on that subject last year
numbered 259 In the test period.
Insurance has held the same place on
the list in both years, but with q much
larger number Of Withdrawals In 1892
than in 1927. In the earlier year there
were 1913 Withdrawals, giving eighth
place to the subject, while last year
there were 249.
Business English. a study which ap-
peared in the 1927 list in ninth place.
and accounted for ITO Withdraw walls, has
been supplanted by psychology. q sub
Ject which did not appear on the earlier
list at all. Sumcient interest had been
developed In business psychology by
the exigencies of the depression to
bring 233 Withdrawals on the subject
In the test period. In 1927 the subject
Of retail stores was studied and 1l3
volumes dealing with it were with
drawn. The subject is absent from the
1892 list, and business English takes
its place with 218 Withdrawals.
Librarians have been much interested
IN the growth Of the study Of psy-
chology. Although the subject stands
only ninth on the list In 1892, it has
come from SO far behind that It did
not appear on lists OF the earlier year
at all. 1t was study popularity be-
lieved to relate to the treatment Of
nervous or even psychopathic ailments.
Business conditions, it appears, have
prompted students to look into the
science OF human behavior and examine
its relation to business success.
Other subjects which have attracted
the attentive study Of library readers
include marketing, business law, credit,
building and loan operation, CORPORA
tion management, Office management
and corporation law.
II there is anything Of meaning In
this survey it seems not at all unlikely
that future million dollar babies In
f1ve and ten-cent stores will take to
psychoanalydng their customers as
they pick over the stock. It may do
good to both.
Evening star., 1933-07-02
Is Russian Recognition Nearf

A letter from q reader published IN
Fridays Star inquiries, with a note OF
some anxiety, whether American recog-
milton Of Soviet Russia is another
manifestation of the New Deal" which
may soon be expected? If so, the cor
respondent rightly expresses the hope
that the question will be weighed at
Washington from the standpoint Of the
benefit and welfare Of the American
people"
From the London Economic Con-
ference there have come unomcial rum
bles that some of our representatives
have been In touch with M. Lityinon
and other Soviet spokesmen at the con-
ference end informally explored the
ground that might lead to the recog-
milton which the Communist govern
ment notoriously Graves. As bait to
catch the American fish, our people
were told that the Soviet has billion
dollar order for certain commodities
I'D its sleeve and will place it in the
country where conditions are most
favorable Of course. to Rus
sta. What sort Of conditions answer
that description from the Soviet stand
point? One the Moscow authorities
would have no hesitation in naming
outright-long-term credits. About an
other they would not be 50 voluble
namely, q free field for the conduct OF
Communist propaganda.
On that rock all previous efforts to
obtain American recognition have gone
to smash. Moscow has always known
that a pledge to abstain from sub
versive agitation against American In
stttutions was the basic condition prece-
dent TO diplomatic relations with THU
country. Tho Soviet government hsa
consistently refrained from any indica-
ton that II y ready 10 disayow "world
yeNo,uttou," "War On eapttaliamiAse auo
Evening star., 1933-07-02
Library Needs.

The old story Of Abraham Lincoln
walking a score Of miles to borrow q
book from a friend is frequently told,
but 1t generally is supposed to drama
tie a pioneer condition Of life long
since eliminated from American civili-
zation. It, therefore, comes with q
sense Of surprise and shock to the aver
age citizen to hear that even in the
Nations Capital there are people who
are obliged to travel great distances to
avail themselves of the privileges of the
public library system. And yet the
fact has been given considerable pub
hcity. The difficulty in the circum-
stances is that 1t is principally the
poor and lowly who are most directly
affected, and it Is an axiom of history
that they. perforce, must rely upon the
charity and fellow-feeling of their more
fortunate neighbors for relief In exi-
sencies Of this kind.
At present the problem of increased
library facilities is very much to the
fore. Conditions have promoted dis
cussion Of It. The depression has driven
thousands of new readers to apply for
books. Men and women, boys and girls
who ordinarily have been able to buy
most OF the literary aids they have
needed now simply do not have the
money to spend. Another large class,
hitherto not interested in reading, also
has appeared-they have employed
their compulsory leisure in cultivating
an appreciation Of books, and the libra
ries have been their source of supply.
But the library system has been
handicapped in its endeavors to meet
the demand. First, its budget has been
too small to permit OF the acquisition
of all the books requested and to allow
for the engagement of all the compe-
tent help required to perform the serv-
Ice implied by such a vast growth In
the number Of patrons. Second, q con-
dition OF overcrowding in existing build
1ngs has arisen and with this a coinci-
dent appeal for new branches in the
chief residential centers of the city.
The District Commissioners have been
conscious Of the increasing acuteness of
the situation. They have recommended
the enlargement of the Main Library,
New York avenue and Ninth street, and
the building of the proposed George
town branch, at Wisconsin avenue and
r street, and the Petworth branch, at
Upshur street, Georgia avenue and
Iowa avenue. These projects would
cost q total Of 100000, q relatively
small sum as compared with the ex-
pense involved In other cultural enter
prises. They would be a mere detail In
any large public works program. But
there can be no question about the
valuable social purposes they would
serve. They represent an authentic
need, not in any sense an unnecessary
luxury. Their merits are commended
for the immediate consideration Of the
administration.
There may not be any boys compar-
able with Lincoln walking all the way
across town to borrow books at the
Main Library, but there can be no
doubt that there are many who are In
spired by his example and are setting
their feet in the path he trod. They
deserve to be admitted to the thought
of those who now are engaged In plan
ming the Capitals share Of the vast
reconstruction design which the Gov
ernmert has authorized and Is SPONSOR
ing.
Evening star., 1933-07-02

Rico, the Virgin Islands, Hawaii and
the Philippines-would be the most ef-
fective remedy for the evils Of the sit
uation. It was said at the conference
here that any allotment scheme should
be based on the average domestic con-
sumption OF sugar over number OF
years and that such q quota plan
should be enforced on foreign suppliers
to the American market by q control
over imports and by licensing domestic
producers and ref1ners. Appropriate
legislation may be suggested to the law
making bodies of the different island
sources Of production.
Last year an investigation was made
by the Tariff Commission into the costs
of sugar production all over the world.
This was in response to protests of pro
ducers against q "joker" in the tariff
law of 1881. The duty on imported raw
and refined sugar under that law Is
slightly less for Cuba than for other
countries. Because of this difference 1t
has been found cheaper to import re-
fined sugar from Cuba than to bring In
the raw and refine 1t in the United
States.
4
The difference in wages paid to labor
here and in Cuba created q serious sit
uation for American reflners. Accord
ingly, they asked either an increase in
import duty or, at least, "differential
on the refined product sufficient to
cover the difference in the labor refin-
ing cost in Cuba and this country. At
the suggestion Of the President. it Is
believed, the Tariff Commission has as
yet made no direct recommendation In
this matter, pending the adoption OF
an allotment scheme. Producers are
inclined to favor some tariff preference
for the Cuban and Puerto Rican produc!
over that of the Philippines, since the
last named Is largely under the control
Of foreign capital.
The planters and redners Of both beet
and cane have informed the new Farm
Board that practically all sugar crops
for next years supply are now being
planted-or actually growing-and that
the new harvest viii Be coming to mar
ket In August. Some orderly plan fol
handling present stocks, they insist, 4
urgently needed.
So far as the world situation in sugar
is concerned, no great success has beer
scored to date by the so-called Chad
bourne plan to stabilize prices, largely
through q binding agreement by thl
principal producing countries to re.
strict exports. A reduction Of perhaps
20 per cent has been effected by this
means. A modification Of this scheme
known as the Cuban plan, was indorset
in London this week by the preliminary
meeting for Recommendation g thl
World Economic Conference.
(Copyright. 1e33A
Evening star., 1933-07-02
Sugar Industry Under
Farm Adjustment Act
BY HARDEN COLFAx

special conditions affecting produc-
ton, distribution and price face the
american sugar industry as it organ
lies itself to meet the provisions of the
new farm adjustment act. Producers
must meet, not only domestic difficul-
ties-1ncluding the cut-throat competi-
tion which has been going on for wears
between the cane and beet producers
but also perculiar situation arising
out OF world competition, largely due
70 almost unrestricted production dur
ing recent years.
All the troubles Of the sugar people
nave been aired at conference here
OF nearly 200 representatives of the an
dustry and DR.. John Lee Coulter. a
member Of the Tariff Commission. who
Is acting for the Department of Agri-
culture, under the farm adjustment act.
1t Is true that sugar is not one of
the basic commodities coming under the
provisions Of that act specifically and
the levy1ng OF processing taxes Is not
mandatory. Sugar qualities for process
ing, however, under q section authoriz-
ing the Secretary Of Agriculture to en-
ter into marketing agreements with
professors, associations Of producers and
others, including those Of other coun-
tries.
Domestic sugar growers and refiners
are said to be agreed that, II a prac-
tical allotment Of domestic output can
be worked out, and they are given an
increase-even q slight one-in tariff
rates 50 that they can shut out "un-
fair competition" from Java, Czecho-
slovakia and other foreign producing
areas, they will not push further their
opposition to q preferential agreement
giving lower import duties to Cuba.
x y X X
The sugar industry of the United
States feels the need Of stabilization
and the domestic reflners seem to be-
lieve that Q quota system as applied to
the home output, Is well as to imports
from our producing areas outside Con-
ttnentd United sta1es-cuba. Puerto
Evening star., 1933-07-02
Just Thirty.0ne Public Servants

Thirty-one foreign trade experts
forced to resign from posts abroad, have
returned to their native land. They
were so-called career men who had
been sent to Europe by another ad-
ministration to serve as commercial
attaches and trade commissioners, and
who now. IS victims Of change In
policy, are relegated to the army Of
the unemployed. But they are moi
complaining. On the contrary, they
are monumentally philosophic. Thei,
training Is professional public servants
and their character ~ gentlemen stand
them In excellent stead in the circum-
stances.
But they have had . nerve-rackine
experience with "the new deal" Fol-
months they were fed on rumors as to
their fate. From one source they
heard that they would be kept where
they were: from another they heard
that they would be recalled. but nc
date WAS specified. They did not know
what to think. Therefore, they could
not plan. At last the Ak fell. Some
Of them had a. much Is seven days
notice, some had only three. AL
were hurried to Havre without regard
for even the most elementary ameni-
ties. "Come at once" was the COM
mand, "or pay your own passage home N
OF course, they did as they were or
dered. Houses and apartments had to
be given up instantly. Furniture had
to be sold or given away. Children
had to be snatched from school. Ser
wants had to be paid three months
wages in lieu Of proper notice. Alto
gether, seventy-three persons, men,
women and youngsters of all ages, had
to detach themselves from the peace
full routine Of ordinary existence, sever
the ties Of years, prepare for a trans
atlantic journey, all in . single week.
It was q heart-breaking business, but
1t was done.
Now the thirty-one erstwhile public
servants are back In the United States.
Their spokesman insists that they are
not complaining and they are not criti-
cidng." They will disappear from the
news. They will settle into other work.
They were merely public servants, and
queer things happen to such people.
Fortunately, "they can take 1t on the
chin-when they have to-"
Evening star., 1933-07-02
A Word for Dogs.

The District pound wagon, on it,
daily tour of the city. affords q pitiful
spectacle Of fear. and suffering. BY
some strange genius Of their own, dogs
know the significance Of the vehicle.
and they dread 1t. Captured, they wilt
visibly; their spirits droop: it Is possible
to see the agony In their eyes. Passers-
by invariably are moved to sympathy by
the picture.
But by the grace Of Providence
which notes the fall Of the merest spar
row and has no special antpathy to the
animal traditionally regarded as mans
best brute friend, the case Is not as
tragic as 1t may seem. It happens that
the District poundmaster Is civilized
human being. His name u Walter r.
Smith, and his work deserves to be bet
ter known and more abundantly appre-
ciated. A graduate Of q farm near War
renton, Va, he speaks Of himself as
having been raised with dogs and
horses" As a youth he studied all the
dNdlldplC O41 VAC odUJSSe Va
the scientific care Of canine pets. And
now, with more than fifteen years of
practical experience with all breeds Of
dogs, he is making Of the pound q hos
pital and . temporary home" for the
strays which the wagon brings to him.
The public thinks Of the establish
ment as q death house. But the con-
trary Is the truth. It really Is house
Of life. Only those dogs which are
recognised as incurably diseased are de-
stroyed, and the end Of these poor crea-
lures is rendered as merciful as It may
be. For others found to be III careful
nursing and medical treatment are ar-
ranged, while dogs in unimpaired health
are held for forty-eight hours awaiting
the claim of their owners. Then, If nc
such claims are received, Mr.. Smith Il
entitled to undertake the business oi
finding new homes for the erstwhile
waits. In this endeavor hs has been
amazingly successful. For certain kndi
Of dogs he has . waiting list Of apph-
cants. His RECORDS show that b hai
Evening star., 1933-07-02

Mr.. Carnera knocked Mr.. sharkey
cold. Even in a time when physical
magnifcence Is so much admired,
Shakespeare students who ike a lit
tie brains with their Drawn will con-
tinue to admire Gene Tunney.