davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-03-25
The Condition of Peasants Under the Czar and the
Life of the Soviet Union Farmers ON the CoJecttveS

On the 18th of February, the last
day of the Congress of the Col
leotive Farm Shock Brigaders, the
delegates present loudly called for
speech from Stain. The calls for
Stain could not be Quoted till
Stain stepped upon the platform.
He was greeted with such storms of
applause that he could not be heard
for several minutes. When quiet
was at last restored, Stain deliver
ed the following speech:
Comrades of the collective farms !
had not intended speaking at your
Congress. I had not intended speak
ing, for the reason that the speakers
preceding me have already said every
thing which had to be said. And it
has been said well and trenchantly.
Is 1t worth while to say anything fur
ther? But since you insist upon it
with all the power Of your hands
(prolcnged spplause), it is my duty to
comply. / shall say a few words on
the various questions.
First question: Is the path being
taken by the collective farmers the
SOLASSb OLlSs - bIle way VI VIC CO4-
lec5ive farms the correct way? This
question is superhuous. You shock
brigaders of the collective farms have
probably no doubt whatever that the
hboll2csive farms are on the right path.
Therefore you very likely consider this
Question unnecessary. But all the
peasants do not think as you do.
There is no small number of peasants,
eve: among the collective farmers,
who doubt the correctness of the way
taken by the collective farm. There
is nothing to be surprised about in
this. It is a fact that for centuries
human beings lived along the old
lines, tired the old paths, bent their
backs to kulak rule, to the rule of the
landlord, the -usurer, and the specula-
tor. 1t cannot be maintained that
this old path, the path of capitalism,
has been approved CT by the peasan-
Try. But it has been the well-known,
well-tIodden path, and nobody ever
really proved that it is possible to live
differently and better. The more that
in all bourgeois countries human be-
ing5 are still forced to live in the old
way.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-03-25
rs COLLECTIVE
PATH CORRECT?

Let us put it again: Is the path
being taken by the collective farmers
the right one? Many comrades be-
lieve that the transition to the new
path, the path of collective farming
construction, commenced with us
three years ago. This is only partly
right. 1t is true that it is three years
since we began with the mass organi-
cation of collective farms. 1t will be
remembered that this transition was
characterized by the shattering OF the
ku!ak class, and by the movement
among the millions of poor and mid
die peasants towards the collective
farms. All this is correct. But be-
fore this mass movement towards the
collective farms began, certain pre-
lim.no~7r conditions had to be met,
for without them the mass collective
fs--l 20 movement, generally speak
ing. would be impossible.
First Of all. the Soviet power had
to exist, the. power which has helped
the peasants, and continues to help
them, to turn towards the collective
farm. Secondly, the large landowners
and capitalists had to be driven away,
the factories anu tllt ldIlu LdhSll away
from them, and these declared to be
ne property of the people. Thirdly,
he kulak class had to be mastered,
he machinery and tractors taken
Jway from them. Fourth1y, 1t had
20 be made known that machinery
and tractors might only be used by
the poor and middle peasants joining
10 form the collective farms. And
finally, the country had to be indus
trialized, new tractor manufactur-
ing industry had to be organized, and
new factories erected for building
agricultural machinery, in order that
the collective farmers might be amply
supplied with machines and tractors.
Had these preliminary conditions not
been fulfilled, there could have been
no thought Of that mass transition
to collective farming which COM
menced three years ago. Hence. in
order to adopt the collective farming
system, it was first necessary to ac-
complish the october Revolution, to
overthrow the capitalists and large
landowners and take the factories and
the land away from them, and to es-
tablish new industries.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-03-25

TO disrupt the collectiyes.
Have we q government which does
this? Yes, we have 1t is called the
Soviet government of the workers and
peasants. Name one country In which
the government does not give its sup
port to the capitalists and landlords,
to the kulaks and other members of
the rich classes, but to the toiIing
peasantry. There is only one such
country in the whole world. Only
here, in the land of the Soviets, does
a government exist which lends its
whole hearted support to the workers
and to-lirg peasantry, to all toilers in
town and country, against all the rich
and exploiting strata. prolonged APP
plause.)
Hence we are already in posses
1ion Of everything required to enable
us to develop the construction Of col
lec5iVization, and to emancipate our
celves completely from the old con-
fusion. All that is asked of you is
that you work honestly to distribute
The income CT the ccll2c1ive farms in
accordance with the work performed,
to take care of the property of the
collective farms, to ensure proper
handling for the tractors and ma
chimes and coed care of the horses,
to fulfil your tasks towards your
workers and peasants state, to con-
solidate the collective farms, and to
eliminate from them the kulaks and
kulak elements which have wormed
their way into them. You cannot but
agree with me, and admit that it is
no very difficult matter to overcome
these difficulties, that is, to work
honestly and to take care Of the prop
erty of the collectives. And this the
more that now you are no longer
working for the rich and the exploit
ers, but for yourselves. You see that
the way Of the collective farm, the
way Of socialism, is the sole right way
for the toiling peasantTy.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-03-25

and the former middle peasants, to
the level of the prosperous peasant.
This we can attain, and we must al
tain it, cost what it may. prolonged
applause)
We now possess everything needed
to reach this goal. Our machines and
tractors are not being used to their
full capacity. Our soil is not being
particularly well cultivated. All that
is necessary is for us to utilize cur
machines and tractors more efficient
ly, to cultivate our land more effec-
lively, and we can double and treble
our production. This will suffice in
itself to make all the collective pea
SAINTS into prosperous cultiYators of
the fields Of the collective farms.
What was the position of the pros
porous farmer of former days?
In order to become prosperous, a
peasant had to take advantage Of his
|neighbors, had to exploit them, sell
them something at a high price, buy
something from them at a low price,
engage day laborers and exploit them
to the utmost. accumulate capital, es-
tabliSh firm position, and then Join
kulaks. This explains the distrust
and hate of the poor and middle
peasants Of former days towards the
prosperous farmers.
mo LONGER
EASY TO EXPLOIT
Now matters are very different.
Now the circumstances have changed.
The collective farm members may at
tain to prosperity now without injur-
ing or exploiting their neighbors. And
it is no longer so easy to exploit any
one, now that land is no longer pri-
vate property or let out on lease, now
that the machines and tractors be-
long to the state, and people with
capital are no longer the fashion in
the collective undertakings. At one
time they were the fashion, but this
fashion has disappeared for ever. To-
day there is only one thing necessary
in order to become prosperous col
lective farmer: To work honestly on
the collective farm, TO utilize the ma
chimes and tractors to their full cap
acity, to make proper use of the
draught animals, to cultivate the soil
efficiently, and TO take care of the
collective farm property.
Sometimes we hear it said: II we
have socialism, then why all this
trouble? We used to work, and we
are still working is it not time to
stop work?
Such speeches are fundamentally
wrong, comrades. This is the philo-
sophy of the shirker, not of the honest
toiler.
Socialism does not reject work by
any means. On the contrary, SOL
ism is built up on work. Socialism
and work are inseparable from one
another. Lenin, our great teacher
said: lie who does not work shall
not eat"
What does this mean; against
whom were these words of Lenin di'
Irected? Against the exploiters, against
those who alone do not work; bu
let others work, and enrich them
selves at the expense of others. Anc
against whom besides these? Against
the slackers and Shirkers who wan
to live at the expense Of others.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-03-25

can ADAPT themselves most easily 70
Lenin's advice. And for this reason
mat the young people can best ASST
milate the teachings of Lenin--they
are the best adapted to lead forward
those who are backward and wayer-
ing.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-03-25

manned. Only the October Revolution
;et itself the aim to destroy all eX-
1loitation, and to Iquidate all exploit
alton and oppression. The revolution
or the abolition of slavery swept away
The Shareholders, but created in their
place exploitation under serfdom. One
axploiter was replaced by another.
When slavery was still legal, the claw"
permitted the Shareholders to kill
their slaves. Under the feudal sys-
tenn the claw" only permitted the
owners of the Serfs to sell them. The
revolution of these peasant serfs Ii
quidated the serf owners and created
in their place the exploitation Of the
wage slave. Again one exploiter was
replaced by another. Under the feudal
system the law" permitted the serfS
to be sold. Under the capitalist sys-
tenn the law "only" permits the toilers
TO be condemned to unemployment,
poverty, determination by starvation.
Only our Soviet revolution, only our
october Revolution, tackled the ques
ton from the standpoint that one eX-
ploiter is not to be replaced by an
other, and one form of exploitation
by another, but that every descrip-
ton of exploitation is to be destroyed
and every exploiter exterminated,
every kulak and oppressor - whether
of the old or the new SYSTEMS to
be liquidated prolonged applause).
And therefore the october Revolu-
ton was the prerequisite and the ne
cessary preliminary for the transition
of the pea-antry to the new path,
the path Of the collective farms.
Did the peasants do the right thing
in supporting the October Revolution?
Yes, they did the right thing. They
did the right thing, for the October
Revolution helped them to throw of
the burden CT the large landowners,
capitalists, kulakS, merchants, anG
spectators. But this is only one side
Of the question. 1t is an excellent
thing to drive away the oppressors.
the landlords and the capitalists, and
to clip the claws Of the kulaks and
speculators. But it is not enough. II
we are to be finally emancipated from
the tyrants OF old, it is not sufficient
merely to destroy the exploiters.
Above and beyond this new life
must be built up, a life enabling the
toiling peasant to improve his ma
teriaI and cultural position, life ad-
vancing him yearly and daily. A new
order must be established in the rural
districts. This Is the second aspect
of the question.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-12-06
KELLER ORCHESTRA
 ATPARK TONIGHT
Second Appearance of New York Band Here
 DiPietrO Plays Sat.

It looks as though Jack Keller and his orchestra, which comes to the Hamilton park pavilion tonight, are headed for big things in the dance orchestra world. After land- ing the Westchester-B Biltmore Coun- try club spot in New York, one of the swankiest dance centers In tho east, the Keller troupe leaped into prominence. Rudy Vallee recom- mended Keller and his band for the club spot. This is the same club from which Vallee, Ozzie Nelson and Bert Lown made their starts and all have wound up on Broad way with Lucrative jobs.
 The appearance of Keller's or chestra tonight marks their second at the park within month. Hun dfeds of dancers at the park were amazed several Wednesdays ago when the handsome maestro made his debut with as smooth and rhythmic a combination that ever played here. They have, been the talk of the town ever since. Thus the management is pleased to an- nounce their return engagement tonight. There will be an advance in the price of admission tonight. This coming Saturday night brings to the park for the first time, Joe DiPietro and his Country club band, a local combination, which is, sure to click with Brass City music and dance lovers.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-12-06
STATE LUMBERMEN
 SELECT OFFICERS
J. G. Venter Named Presi= dent at Annual Meeting
 in New Haven

J. G. Venter of New Haven was elected president of the Lumber Dealers association of Connecticut at the 42nd annual convention in New Haven last ight. Burton H. Phelps of Plainville was named Evice-president; Harold B. Senior of Bethel, second vice-president; War ren M. Seers of Shelton, secretary, and Fred B. Grant of New Haven, treasurer.
 Paul S. Collier. secretary of the Northeastern Retail Lumbermen's s association, described the regula- tory machinery and the rules of fair trade practices of the retail lumber code. Dr Hartley w. Cross, professor of economics at Spring field college, declared that if the United States is to emerge from the business crisis and build strong ly for the future, the nation must have planned economy.
 Others who spoke briefly were Frank M. Carpenter of Rochester, N. r., president of the Northeast ern Retail Lumbermen's associa- tion; Harold Bellows of Springfield, Mass, vice-president of the associa- tion; and George Barr, secretary of the Long Island Lumber Deal CTS association.
 The Connecticut association unanimously adopted a resolution endorsing the retail lumber code of fair trade practices.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-12-06
NEW TRIPLE EX ALE
 NOW IN MARKET
Stock Announced To-day By the Largay BreW=
 ing Company


 Red Fox XXX Ale, a real old time brew that will remind every
 body of prohibition days, was announced today by the Largay Brewing Company. Combining all the fine qualities necessary for 8 good ale, the Red Fox XXX is the product of expert brewing by an expert brewer. The Largay Brew ing Company also plans to continue
 brewing the present Red Fox Ale and Largay's Pale Lager.
 The repeal of the 18th amend
 ment made it possible for the Lar gay Brewing Company to offer the new triple-x ale. It was brewed by MT Largay himself and this, in itself, is enough to assure every
 body that the ale is the best that is obtainable.
 MT Largay is known both in the United States and in Canada Tor his skill as a brewer. He was brew master at Molson's in Montreal for a number of years and rom there he went to Evans brewery at Hudson, N.. Y., where he made the famous Evans India Ale. He remained with the Evans brewery
 until prohibition.
 Therefore, the new XXX Ale IS
 expected to make a decided hit
 with the public because it is pro
 duct that lis bound to satlSfy Ill
 every way.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-12-06
BUILDING BOON
 IN THE SOUTH END
Assurance Of.Water Great Relief to Residents of
 Crockett Hill

Hopeville district is making rapid strides. With the assurance of water on Crockett Hill and other improvements which resi- dents feel they are entitled to, 1t is believed that the population will be doubled within a few years. The promise of city water has caused much favorable sentiment among property owners in the different streets on Crockett Hill. It is esti- mated that the extension will ac- commodate about fifty people and that already plans are under way for the erection of fourteen new homes.
 The people made an early start in their effort to make known their wants. John Day and others circu- lated d petition and secured 139 sienatures. The new Hopeville Community club and Recreation Rod and Gun club, lent their sup port to the petition, so that there appears to be no doubt about the success of the movement to get an extension of the water system.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-12-06
BRIDGE PARTY AT
 YMCA TONIGHT
Plans Perfected to AccOnl= mOdate at Least 100
 Tables in Play

The largest bridge party ever at tempted at the YMCA will be held in the gymnasium tonight. A committee of 38 men and women have been working industriously and expect to have at least hun- dred tables in play.
 In addition to the playing at the YMCA, many similar parties are being held in homes.
 A number of tables are going in for tournament play. Some are playing pinochle, and others straight contract and auction. Prizes will be awarded individual tables except in the tournament section where the highest North and South, East and West will be awarded the tournament prizes. While the committee anticipated a large enrolment for play, tables have been reserved so as not to disappoint those who have not pre- viously made their reservations. The committee in charge is as follows: Mrs Henry w. Minor, Mrs Harold M. Morrill,, Mrs Frank Bailey, Mrs John G. Gilmartin, Mrs Aubrey Greenlaw, Mrs Leland l.. Stacy, Mrs William +. Briggs, Mrs Carl F. Heebner, Mrs Miles H. Durr, Mrs Clayton $. Brown, MT Reisinger, David Scully, George Dietz, Carl Wunderlich, Mrs Ar thur l.. Purinton, Miss Mary Franklin, Miss Madeline Marshall, Mrs William Slator, Mrs Whitman Bowers, Mrs Elmer D. Wilson, Mrs Theodore Breithaupt, Mrs Clarence Jessell, Mrs Edward Bradley. Mrs Allen Clarke, Mrs Charles J. Velte, Mrs Frank Hallock, Mrs Orton F.. Camp, Mrs Herbert s. Smith, Miss Ethel ZiglatZki, Mrs James Phelan, Mrs Louis Lougee, Mrs Julius E. Smith, Alfred Goldman and George Holloway.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-12-06
Park Kinks. Wait On Cold Weather
Skating to Be Employed at Hamilton Fulton, Washing
 ton ParIs-Ice Carnival Is Suggested

lighting arrangements are ready for the knights of the steel blade at Fulton Park. as the pond is Park will also be flooded.
 It has been so long since the city had several successive weeks of skating. that it may become lost art unless the weather is consist ently cold for a time. Five or six years ago the park department sponsored several gala.ice carnivals with races, exhibitions and all the accoutrements of a winter mardi gras. The same program will be followed this year, if possible.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-12-06

secretary of the association, stated to-day that those shops giving hair cuts for 35 cents and slaves for as low as 10 cents are doing them selves an injustice because the MIRA code will soon arrive here from Washington. He pointed out that they all signed pledges to support the code.
 After the code is adopted, MT Travisano said 8 national barbers' trade code council will be formed in which membership will be two from each town in the state.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-12-06
Cut Rate Barbers
 Under Discussion
Master Barbers Assn to Consider Problem Tonight
 MIRA Code Will Prevent Any Violations

Action relative to the shops that are giving haircuts and slaves at reduced ratse is expected to be taken at the regular meeting of the Waterbury Master Barbers' as- sociation tonight at Liberty hall. John Heating, president, urges all to attend because business of importance will be brought to the attention of the members.
 Pasquale Travisano; publicity
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-12-06
MISSING TWISTED
 MAN SEEN HERE
(speciaI to The Democrat,

Winsted, Dec 6.-Although there have been several rumors that Harry Bull, who disappeared from his home here November 27, has been seen in Waterbury and Tor rington, none has been substanti- ated. A woman living on Main street here reported seeing the missing man in Waterbury Satur- day night. She said she knew him by sight, but at that time did not speak to him and was not alto- gether positive of his identity. Relatives have heard no word from him.
 The first American automobile sold for export was steam driven and was sent to Bombay, India.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-12-06
POLICE LOOKING
 FOR MISSING CARS
Three Machines Reported Stolen From Garages
 and Parking Places

Members of the motor patrol were on the alert today for three missing automobiles reported stolen during the night. Thomas Autray of 349 Grandview avenue informed the police that his car was taken from his garage, Joseph Hosey of 149 Plaza avenue reported that his car was taken from its parking place on Central avenue. The third report of the night was received from George Mikelskes of 60 Fran
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-12-06

numbers have been furnished to members of the motsr patrol as they tour ahe outlying sections of the city.
 incidentally in connection with stolen cars five youngsters. all un- der 16 years of age. were arraiged in police court today on the charge
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-12-06

cf incorriglblllty. They are atln.ez of taking a machine without <i4 permission of its owncr- They N1E@ arrested in Norwalk and brnusl@ back to Waterbury. The alIcEeu leader of the gang was sent Co the Aferlden reform school and the others were placed in probation.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-12-06

els street, who left his machine parked in front of his residence.
 Tho police believe that the cars were taken for the purpose of joy rides and will be found abandoned in some nart of the city within the next 24 hours. Description of the machines with their marker
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-12-06
FULL WEATHER REPORT

Washington, Dec 6.-(UP)-The weather forecast:
 Maine, New Hampshire and Ver- mont: Snow or rain, slightly colder tonight, Thursday fair colder.
 Connecticut, Rh .do Island and Massachusetts: Cloudy and colder tonight preceded by rain Thursday, fair colder.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-12-06

If tho weatherman will cooperate by furnishing some below freezing temperatures, the park department is all ready to give Waterbury's a full season of skating at Hamilton. Washington and Fulton Parks Despite the fact that park skating has been practically nil for the past few years because of the weather, officials have made ther prepara- tions even more thoroughly than usual. ef .,A.' ns7r
 Flooding of Hamilton Park has been completed, and even full
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-12-06
TWO CALLS FOR THE
 FIREMEN YESTERDAY

The Burton street fire company responded to a call last evening at 11:12 o'clock for a chimney fire in four-story brick building at 476 North Main street. The property is owned by Nuhn & Nuhn. No serious damage resulted. Hot ashes was given as the reason for a fire in the cellar of a tenement block owned by Mayor Frank Hayes at 254 East Main street. Box 173 reg istered the alarm, calling out seven companies at 3:05 o'clock yester- day afternoon.
Carolina watchman. [volume] (Salisbury, N.C.) 1871-1937, 1933-03-03

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