davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-08-17

virtual control of the islands vari-
Gus districts, supersedinc civil au-
thority.
Spurred undoubtedly by a marked
nferiority complex. a characteristic
which made him unusually gross
and brutal in the society of the
well-mannered, President Machado
turned to the creation OF oppressive
Laws so pointless as to raise a cues
ton regarding his sanity.
With thousands of his people in
rags. Machado decreed that any one
appearing on the Prado without a
coat was subject to arrest and a
nne. Many poor wretch was
beaten by members Of the Porra
Machados gangster police, for this
offense.
Cutters Run Blood
But against him was rising a wave
OF desperate anger. Revolution was
a man, and a man who would not
die. Havana's cutters ran blood.
shark fishing in the harbor was for
hidden after carcass. opened dis
closed the body of a Porra victim.
But the revolution would not die.
Its leaders were idealists and
your Latin idealist would die for his
ideaD. It's rank and file were hun
CRY, ragged folk who had nothing TO
lose. In its active command were
educators. diplomats, landholders of
the old aristocracy. students, army
officers with bad consciences.
Outbreaks became more frequent.
and the bomb. the bullet. the knife
the sharks. could not make an end
ef them. The rabble swarmed over
the Prado. The police let them re-
main, to sleep. There they could be
watched.
Friend of English
There were several periods of ter
ror before the end. Once early last
spring British battleship steamed
into the harbor. ready to protect its
nationals. 1t was an incident which.
somehow, did not make stir in the
States.
Then. finally, last weeks storm.
England and Spain expressed con-
Germ in messages to Washington.
There was no need.
Machado raved, fought to the last,
spit the ultimate goblet of blood.
Then fled, without luggage, to Mas
sau. Arriving, he stepped from his
plane. sighed with relief.
Cuba will have to find her des-
tiny without me-" he said, paused :
Il have always been a friend to the
English
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-08-17

then cleaned up another fortune
in Baldwin Locomotive. forcing the
stock to 265 when its own president
was announcing publicly that his
plants were running at only 20
per cent capacity.
With a fortune of some half
billion dollars, the Fishers became
spectacular market plungers, and
their bullish eagerness was consid-
cred a big factor in the stock
boom.
They are believed to have lost
more money in the consequent
crash than any other group of
men in the United States.
John J. RASKOB. now out of
- public life, was another of
Gerards national leaders who
was hard hit financially. The 1892
senate investigation of the stock
market revealed that he, with
Fred Fisher and others, sustained
huge losses in an Anaconda Cop
per pool. Raskob also was named
in other operations in short SELL
ing.
Many others of the one-time
rulers" have been justifying
their selection by playing conspic-
uous roles in industrial and finan-
cial reconstruction and reform
Here are some Of them:
w. w. Atterbury. president Of
the Pennsylvania railroad. has
been working toward co-ordina-
ton of rails. roads and rivers.
Walter S. Clifford. president Of
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-08-17
BY PAUL HARRISON
NFA Sarvfea yErfter

NEW YORK. Aug. l7.-Three
~ years ago this month, former
Ambassador James w. Gerard
handed out to a vastly interested
world a list of "Sixty-Four Rulers
of America"
1t was all part of plan for
international recovery. and while
the list was criticised roundly in
many quarters because there were
no political leaders mentioned. not
even the them President of the
United States. Herbert Hoover,
Gerard stuck 10 his guns and de-
clared that the men he had named
were too busy TO hold political
Office. though they determine who
shall hold such Office"
Checking up today. three years
after the list was announced.
shows that this short period of
time has brought many changes
to these men. Some are dead.
Many have lost wealth and in
fiuence. One Is fugitive from
justice.
But let's see how some of them
have Jared. Death has come to
julius Rosenwald. INTERCHANGEABLE
anthropist: John d. Ryan. mining
magnate; George F. Baker. bank
er. and Cyrus H. K. Curtis, pub
Usher.
Charles M. Schwab celebrated
his SEVENTEEN birthday last year
by resigning dozens Of director
ates. and retains only three.
Edward J. Berwind. the coal
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-08-17

His first real achievement was a
foretaste of the day when he was
to possess a private police force
compared to which the gentlemen
of the Cheka were little children.
innocent and confiding-he organ
lied the rural guard of Santa Clara
province.
In the light of his later career.
we might say that he organized it
so well that soon afterward he was
elected mayor of Santa Clara. At
any rate. he was.
His first act. his opponents recall
was to burn the Audencia. which
held the files of a criminal charge
against his father.
Goes After Sugar Fortune
1t was at this time that Senior
Machado became aware of the pos
sibilities for one politically aware
in the industrial and commercial
development of his nation-a devel-
opment carried on largely by Amer
lean capital avid for concessions
and for returns.
Ensuing years found him engaged
in a collateral business career. As
he rose in politics so did his name
appear increasingly among lists of
major stockholders in public utili-
ties.
Sugar was making millions for
American investors. and Senior Ma
chado was not long without plan
tation.
American business men, bankers.
were quick to sense the value of
this stocky young fellow on the
make. In 1903 General Jose Miguel
Gomez. victorious for the Presi-
dency of the Liberal ticket. named
Machado chief of the army, later
secretary Of the interior.
Again and again Machado was a
candidate for the governorship of
Santa Clara province, but the Santa
Clarans. with the wisdom of home
folks, would have none of him.
Bear Capers Like Lamb
Gomez found it convenient to
leave Cuba for the United States
and left his party's future in
Macnado's hands. The Machado
fist closed.
Illiterate. unmannered, given. de-
spite a wife and family. TO conduct
which seemed even to tolerant
Lat.ns licentious. Machado set out
definitely 70 build the foundations
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-08-17

listen. Nothing happened He
pleaded with them. and made sug-
gestive chirping noises. The ca
naries just looked at him re-
proachfully
He went to the piano and played
thinking. melodious tunes, and
even some folksongs from the
Hartz mountains. The birds were
bored. They weren't impressed.
even if the great Toscanini could
persuade a whole symphony or
chestra TO Guido itself.
This went on for days. Finally
a young woman named Dorle Jar
mel came into the studio. She
whiStled at the birds and they
burst into throat-splitting song.
This was too much for the
maestro. who began pacing ur and
down and dramatically running
his fingers through his hair.
All cried Toscanini, what I
would give if only 1 could whis-
tle!"
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-08-17

OF the Machado legend long before
his triumphal entry into the presi-
dental palace.
He affected jovial democracy. a
sentimental love for THE people
the bear capered like a lamb.
In his successful campaign OF
1925 he made much of his refusal
TO ride a horse, as did other can
didates. His slogan was ON Foot.
once in power the man behind
the Machado mask moved swiftly.
ruthlessly. Murder and assassina-
ton stamped out opposition. while
at the same time interest payments
on American private loans to Cuba
rolled into Wall street with clock
like regularity.
Uses Gangster Tactics
Never did NMachado. deliver a
public address without referring to
his friendship for the United States.
and every reference was a threat
hint that the Platt amendment.
by which Uncle Sam stands bound
to intervene in Cuban affairs to
preserve order. would be the doom
OF any uprising.
Determined TO control all social
agencies, Machado, with diabolical
intelligence. converted to his own
ends the practices of Yankee gang
dom.
Armed thugs would muscle in"
on meetings of every sort of organ
ization, from labor union to his
torical society, and force the "elec-
ton TO office of Machado allies.
Prisons were crowded: the trap
door which led to the sea in the old
Spanish dungeons of Moro Castle
swung open again. dropping squirm-
ing. lead-weighted dinners to the
hungry sharks of Havana harbor.
Opposition Is Crushed
BY 1928 Machado had effectually
killed or silenced oppositions. In
control were the members of his
family, plus a freebooting coterie of
friends. A stacked legislature passed
a law assuring him. without re-
election, an added term of six years.
During that year laborers worked
day and night upon new capitol
building, graft-ridden duplicate of
ours at Washington. It was all
ready for President Coolidge when
he arrived to open the Pan-Ameri-
can congress, as was the great
Avenida Presidenre Machado.
In the provinces and in Havana
alleys the poor were starving. The
island was ground under tremen-
dous taxation, approximately one
half of which went to maintain in
terest on American debts, the re-
mainder to public works." to
Machado and to the army.
Yet Mr.. Coolidge. opening the
congress blandly of Cuba's peace
and prosperity"
This army-well paid, we'll fed
was long an efficient instrument in
Machado's hands. Havana univer-
sity was closed: sentries replaced
the proctors. Soldiers were detailed
to each public school, on watch for
sedition. officers were placed in
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-08-17

$1,000, 900 by selling almost COM
pletly out of their own company,
then buying in again after the
stock had ceased to pay dividends.
These transactions were car
ried on through brokerage accounts
under names other than their own.
TWO prominent executives num-
Il bered among Gersrd's selec-
tons have encountered opposition
from stockholders. A group of the
latter in American Tobacco Com
pany charged that George Wash
ington Hill and his vice presidents
voted themselves huge bonuses
(Hill received s2.627.97S in salary
and bonus in 1880. and that they
allotted themselves big blocks of
the company stock at less than
market prices. The quarrel has
been compromised out of court.
Eugene @. Grace. president of
Bethlehem Steel. is involved in a
similar dispute for bonuses re-
ceived.
Several of the rulers of 1880
have been Debated as big-time
spectators and financial manipu-
lators.
o. p and NJ. J. Van Sweringen.
who told the senate banking and
currency committee about their
method of pyramiding railroad
system. at least temporarily. are
out of the spotlight.
So are the Fisher brothers. who
made some $500. 900. 900 by selling
Fisher Bodies to General Motors,
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-08-17
BY SUTHERLAND DENLINGER
Times Special Writer

NEW YORK, Aug. 1.-THE tai
Tor has his only suit. He PAGES rest
lessly about his room in a Nassau
hotel, clad, perforce, in pajamas. A
stout, bull necked, heavily jowled
man of so. there is about him some
thing of middle-class pomposity and
something else a good deal more
sinister.
1t is oddly appropriate that he is
without clothes. For his reputation,
too. has been shorn of covering.
What a cloak, for time, it wore!
Presidente Gerardo Machado, bene-
factor of his people, friend to Uncle
Sam, inheritor of all monumental
public works.
And now the palace has been
looted, and the signs along the
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-08-17
M'NUTT WILL
TAKE STAND
IN Beer SUIT
Governor Says He'll Testify
Gary Dealer Tried to
Buy Permit.
PARTY LEADERS NAMED
Abe RoSen Complaint Cites
Peters and McHaIe in
Politics Charge.

Governor Paul v. McNutt de-
clared today that he is ready TO
take the witness stand in federal
court at South Bend and testify
that he personally refused a whole
sale beer permit to Abe Rosen.
Gary. because I knew he had tried
TO buy IT,"
"Rosen came to my office and |
told him that any one who had tried
TO buy a permit never would be
granted one as long as I am Gov
ernor,' McNutt declared.
He also indicated that he would
have other interesting informa-
ton for the court, II he is sum-
moned in the case now pending.
Politics Is Charged
Rosen has brought suit against
the state on the grounds that the
beer control law is "uncoustitu-
tional,' in that il conscripts prop
erty without due process.
His attorneys amended tn q
original complaint on Tuesday By
charging that the entire distribu-
ton Of wholesale beer permits in
Lake county was based on politics.
None could be procured without
approval from Democratic poll
ticians and American DICTIONARIES,
the amended complaint charges
II also alleges that Governor Nc
Mutt, r. Earl Peters. Democratic
state chairman. and Frank McHale.
leading McNutt adviser in the beer
Setup, were interested personally.
Talked to Partner
Rosen alleges that he employed
Peters law firm at Fl. Wayne and
was asked a 81 900 retainer and $500
donation for the Democratic state
committee.
Peters explained that Rosen did
talk to his partner. Fay Leas. but
the case was turned down, after
$50 advance for a trip to Indian
apoliS TO confer with Peters here.
The $50 also was returned, Peters
said.
Rosen also alleges that he was
advised by McHale to get recon-
mendations from James Costello.
Gary Democratic city chairman;
Kenneth Parmelee, deputy prose-
cutor in Lake county. and Oscar
Haneg. Hammond Democratic leader.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-08-17
FLEMING ON DUTY
IN CUSTOMS OFFICE
ShelbyviIIe Man Succeeds
M. D. Poland.

Wray E. Fleming. Shelbyville
newspaper man. today became fed
eral customs collector for Indiana.
succeeding M. D. Poland. Republic
an. who had held the office since
1927.
Fleming conferred with Poland
Wednesday and at that time said
he did not wish to take over his
new duties until Sept. l or later.
Late Wednesday, however. he re-
celved TELEGRAM from Washington.
instructing him to assume his new
post at once.
Poland. whose home is in Crown
Point. Ind, was a Republican dis
trict chairman for many years.
As customs collector. Fleming also
Will have supervision of the local
federal building. and will be dis
bursting agent for thirty federal
buildings in the state.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-08-17

Avenida PreSidente Machado eff
faced, and the censors no longer are
in Havana to keep the legend bright
and shining. Instead, there is the
shivering nakedness of truth.
There is the truth of wholesale
murder. and torture, and corrup-
ton: of unbridled license, of i'm
mense and depraved vanity.
How picture him, this fantastic
creature who introduced into Cuba
Yankee baby-kissing political n.y.
pocrisy and at whose behest school,
boys we're blown to bits?
1t always is being asserted. and
doubtless with reason, that no
mans character can be either all
white or completely black. That this
tolerant belief encourages standards
smudgedly gray is neither here nor
there.
Those who hold it probably would
be among those contending that the
moral downfall of Machado was a
gradual process, that the ogre did
not emerge from the corpse of a
kindly patriot until the coup of 1928
established his dictatorship.
The neat legend, reposing in count
less newspaper morgues and printed
in endless laudatory sketches. states
that Gerado Machado was born in
1873 in the city of Santa Clara, son
of Colonel Gerardo Machado Y
CASTILLO and the Sonora Ludgarda
Morales de Machado. both mem
bers of prominent families identified
for years with the movement TO free
their country from Spain"
But Cubans of the landed aristoc-
racy-once they whispered. now
they shout--declare that the Ma
chados, father and son, were of
totally undistinguished stock and
that the foundations of their for
tune were laid by engaging in an
enterprise known throughout our
own West as cattle rustling."
Gerardo escaped hanging. The
advent of the revolution against
Spain gave to his venture quasi
patriotic status.
Indeed. he seems never to have
been deficient in physical bravery
and the record of his wound on the
field of Oliver while serving on the
staff of General Delgado need not
be questioned.
He emerged from the revolution
colonel and did not return TO the
livestock business. Instead, he turned
growing talents TO politics.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-08-17
OFFICERS ELECTED AT
FRATERNITY SESSION
Los Angeles Man Named President
by Phi Lambda Epsilon.

Ores H. Wells Of Los Angeles. CAL
was reelected national president of
the Phi Lambda Epsilon fraternity
in the closing session of the bust
ness conclave in the Hotel SEVERN
Thursday.
Gordon B. Sutton. Indianapolis
was elected recording secretary:
Jean Hymer. Hollywood, Cal. treas
urer: Richard Leonard. Shreveport
La. editor. and Eston o. Storms. In
dianapolis. extension secretary.
Shreveport. La. was chosen for
the next conclave in 1885. The
Shreveport chapter also won the
"carnation cup and Walter
Mitchell. Shreveport, won a ring
for being the most active secretary.
Benos Billings of Portland. Ore,
won a $50 scholarship. and Joe
Grant OF Oklahoma City. honorable
mention.
New province presidents an
nounced by President Walls were
Eugene Crum. Joplin. Mo; Lyle
Burr. Des MONIES. Ia: Harry
Summrall. Mobile. Ala: Flndley
Gosline, Enid. Okla; Paul Grsvey.
Los Angeles. Cal: Earl Roller Oak
land. Cal, and Alton Smith, Salt
Lake City. Utah.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-08-17
Many of Gerards "a Rulers of D. S. Fall From High Estate

king, was IS years old last June
and spends virtually all his time
abroad or at his marble villa at
Newport.
Sidney z. Mitchell. former utili-
ties magnate. resigned as chair
man OF Electric Bond and Share,
and of American and Foreign
Power because of III health.
A RTHUR CURTIS JAMES,
IA financier and philanthropist.
has become more and more mac
tive, except as yachtsman.
Since the collapse of his utilities
empire. Samuel insult has lived in
exile in Greece. Charles E. Mitch
ell, former chairman of the Ma
tional City bank, has made no
business plans since being ac-
Quilted on charge of defrauding
the government of s850,000 in
income taxes.
Andrew w. Mellon. former sec
rotary of the treasury. and ex-
ambassador to England. is out of
public life and. he says. glad of it.
Albert H. Wiggin no longer is
one OF the nations rulers He
was deposed as head of the Chase
National bank. and resigned as a
director of the Federal Reserve
bank.
The house ways and means COM
mittee considered. finally disap-
proved, resolution to investigate
his income.
Adolf Zukor, former president OF
Paramount-Publix. now is one of
the receivers for the motion pic
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-08-17

American Telephone and Tele-
graph, and youngest man on
the Gerard list. functioned as
director Of Hoover's Organization
for Unemployment Relief.
1t is recalled, though, that in
November, 1890, he declared:
AS sure as I am standing here.
this depression will soon pass. and
we are about to enter on period
of prosperity the like of which no
country has even seen before"
vXTALTER C. TEAGLE, presi-
w dent of the Standard OH
Company Of New Jersey. headed
the Share the Work movement
under Hoover. and now is one of
the industrial advisers appointed
on the staff of General Hugh S.
johnson, recovery act administra-
tor.
So. incidentally. are Gerard
Svope, president of General Elec-
trio. and William Green. president
of the American Federation Of La
Dor All three Of these men ia
vor the thirty-hour week.
Swope also is chairman of the
business and advisory planning
council for the department Of
commerce.
James A. Farrell. retired presi-
dent Of United States Steel. is
chairman Of the national foreign
trade council.
Myron G. Taylor, chairman o
United States Steel. has come on.
in favor Of job division.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-08-17
COURT UPH0LDS RIGHT
OF WORKERS TO STRIKE
Injunction Denied Company Of
ficiaIs After 400 Stage WaIkout.

BIZ Emitted Press
CHICAGO, Aug. ia court de-
cision holding that an employer is
not entitled to an injunction re-
straining striking workers from vio-
lence if conditions in his plant JUS
tify a walkout. was studied here to-
day as possibly opening up a new
field in settlement of LABOR difflc IL
ties.
The decision. believed one Of the
first of its kind on record. was
handed down by Judge Harry M
Fischer in circuit court in the case
of the La Mode Garment Company.
The firm sought an injunction
against the International Ladies
Garment Workers union as result
of strike of 400 employees.
Judge Fisher refused the iniunc-
ton. holding that company officials
themselves did not come into court
with clean hands.
He ordered them to abide by their
NRA code and institute a forty
hour week and a minimum weekly
wage of Si2.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-08-17
HURT IN FALL AT HOME
Miss Frances Hinton. 43, Breaks
Wrist on Stairs.

Breaking her left wrist in a fall
down the stairs at her home, Miss
Frances Hinton, 43, of 932 Park
avenue, was treated at city hospital
early today.
Ralph Cooper. "a, Of 1880 Cooper
street, was treated at city hospital
wednesday night for a cut right
hand. Cooper said ne had dropped
a piece Of glass and, in reaching for
it. gashed himself.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-08-17
SCHOOL UNITS WILL
GET STATE MONEY
S336,999 Will Be Allotted
to Marion County.

Marion county school units will
receive 1886. 999 for teachers sala-
ries at the Jan. l. 1884, distribution
of the state gross sales and in in
come tax. according to estimates to-
day by Clarence A. jackson. direc-
tor of the income tax division.
Estimates for the entire school
year were place dat s559.5Q0.
This distribution would be as fol-
lows: Townships Center, $4,000:
Decatur. $500; Franklin, $500:
Lawrence. $1,000; Perry. $4,000;
Pike. $4,000; Washington, $4,000,
and Wayne. $4,000
School corporations: Indianapo-
lis. s306. 900. Beech Grove, $4,000.
and Speedway City. $1,000.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-08-17
u. S. VETERAN RETIRED
Charles Showalter Ends 81 srs In
Governments Service

Thirty-one years government
service was ended Wednesday by
Charles B. Showslter. 1913 Leslie
avenue. postoffice finance division
special clerk, who was retired.
Entering the service in 1902
Showalter. native of Shelby
county. served as carrier in Irving
ton and Woodruff Place before go
ing TO the main Office. He served in
the Spanish-American war and
later as a captain in the World war.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-08-17
Many Calls Received

Offices of the Indiana State Fed
Grafton of Labor. as we'll as offices of
international unions of the city. are
receiving numerous calls from work
ers desiring to find out methods Of
organizing under the American Fed
Grafton of Labor.
In other instances. employees of
firms desiring TO form their own
company unions are meeting with
their employers in an effort to effect
organization.
Labor officials of the city say that
Il is too early to count noses. but
aver that before Sept. l between
$500 and 5000 workers will be
unionized. If present plans succeed.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-08-17
Not a Chirp
ToSCanini Is Great as
Conductor, but Can't
Charm Canaries.

NEW YORK, Aug. 17-Arturo
4 Toscanini can't whistle He
Is a great musician. unquestion-
ably and a famous conductor. He
can play number of instruments.
and some Of them pretty well. too.
He can even sing little. and he
certainly knows good whistlng
when he hears it. But. try as he