davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1933-01-08
READING IN RUSSIA
BY FREDERIC ]. HASKIN.

When the leaders Of Soviet Russia
set out to educate q population of 16o,-
100000, Of which, previously, not more
than about 2 per cent could read or
write, it created demand which has
required tremendous amount of effort
to supply. When so many millions are
initiated into the mysteries of the
printed page simultaneously, or nearly
so, the cry for material on which TO
practice the new art is long and loud.
Starved minds, newly awakened. de-
manded books and books and books.
The difficulties of the Russian COM
miSSars were greatly increased by the
circumstance that they could not let
down the bars to foreign supplies of
literature. The rest Of the world would
have been only too glad to export to
Russia any number of tons Of books,
magazines, and newspapers, but that
might not be. Coupled with the sudden
teaching to read was the strictest CEN
sorship the world has probably ever
known.
Such crimes as murder and robbery
are regarded lightly in Russia In COM
parison with the crime of attempting
to lure people from their new allegiance
to the Soviet system. That is treason
and while the murderer may get OF with
year In jail, the capitalist propa-
gandist is certain Of the death penalty.
The murderer strikes only at one indi-
Wdual; the propagandist at the state
In consequence, 1t would be bold man
who would attempt to bring books into
Russia to supply the enormous new de-
mand, for there Is scarcely book writ
ten outside Russia which does not, how
ever obScurely, reflect capitalism. So
thorough is the ban that even the Elsie
books could not gain admittance; they
reveal a capitalist background.
So it was that one of the biggest jobs
Of the five-year plan was the tntroduc-
ton of the libraries throughout Russia
1t must be remembered that there Is
not much to do for amusement in Rus
sia except read and talk and go to
educational movies in community
groups.
Claim Largest Library In World.
Old Russia was prolific in a literary
sense. It's great novelistS are read
throughout the world today, with the
exception Of Russia. Most Of the old
Russian writer's are under the ban
themselves-all except the early revo-
lutionaries, whose writings, under the
old regime, sent them to the mercury
mines of Siberia.
But the outpouring of three-decker
novels, Of essays, of poetry, history, and
every other branch was slight COM
pared with the new production. Eight
times as many books we're published in
Russia last year as in 1917.
AS ownership of private property Is
frowned upon, personal collections are
practically non-existent. Millions Of
copies Of paper-bound volumes are
printed and may be acquired, but they
are quickly worn out. The libraries
are the chief resorts Of the readers,
and these are crowded.
Recently the librarian of Congress
reported that the institution at wash
ington now is the greatest library in the
world, with more than 100000 vol
umes. The three great libraries Of the
twentieth century have been the Library
of Congress, the British Museum and
the Bibliotheque Nationale at Paris.
AL have in the neighborhood of 4,000,-
600 volumes. But now comes the Rus
Evening star., 1933-01-08
"It 10 required in stetDdrds that q
man be found faith full Cortnthf-

'.It 10 required in stetDdrds that
man be found faithtu II Cortnthi-
ans, ip, part End uerse.
A steward is one to whom Is intrusted
a specific duty to administer for an
other. 1t is form Of trusteeship.
Where the obligation is consistently
recognized and maintained In all its i'm
plications 1t serves an important pur-
pose. Where 1t Is neglected or lightly
esteemed it may work a lasting injury
In one way or another we are all
stewards. 1t is not question of wealth
or station; in some form every man
and woman sustains such a relation
ship to their fellows. Possibly there is
no finer form of stewardship than
that that devolves upon parents. In
the administration of the large con-
upon the father and mother that is not
Where this stewardship is consistent
ly assumed and administered 1t is
witnessed in the character Of the
children and its wholesome effect
reaches out over q wide area. At no
time in our more recent history has
this assumed stewardship within the
home been more indispensable. Care
lessly or indifferently recognized, 1t Is
sues ultimately in disorder and chaos
Beyond the restricted domestic circles
there Is demand for finer recogni-
ton Of what stewardship means In all
the relationships Of life. To the Chris
tian it means an obligation that con-
Germs the well-being Of all that is i'm
piled in Christian service. We have
come too much to think Of this steward
ship In terms of service restricted to the
church and Christian institutions. We
have largely delegated to an exclusive
group known as the clergy the func-
tions Of this form of stewardship, and
upon them, more than upon all others,
rests the responsibility Of promoting
the large concerns of Christ's kingdom.
So far as the great body of the laity
is concerned, its assumption of steward
ship is expressed through corporate
acts Of worship and an occasional in
dulgence in some specific form of Chris
tan service. Few men and women
comparatively speaking, feel the urge
to take an active and aggressive part
in propagating the gospel Of Christ
and by precept and example bring their
fellows under the spell Of it. Their
professed faith is largely inarticulate.
When now and again some lay person
Evening star., 1933-01-08

land and the Netherlands are definitely
opposed to the British trade policy
They seek their liberation from the
binding provisions Of the Oslo con-
vention SO as to be able to revise their
own tariff rates in a retaliatory direc-
ton against the British.
The moral Of the difficulties faced by
the European countries in question is
that idealistic compacts designed to
keep the tariff peace are all right as
far as they 60. When somebody's OK
is gored it becomes promptly and pain
fully apparent that they do not 60 quite
far enough. The age-old principle of
preservation irrepressibly asserts
itself, and charity. it is discovered,
begins at home.
Evening star., 1933-01-08
Barter Proposed Between
United States and China
BY HARDEN COLFAX.

There is something romantic In the
possibility of America supplying food
to starving Chinese in return for some
of the necessities of our national secur-
ity. Yet this seems to be within the
bounds of possibility.
Several government agencies have
asked the Department Of Commerce
what China has that We night take in
barter for some Of our vast supplies OF
surplus wheat. which the Chinese need
but for which they have not money to
pay u.s. For months the Farm Board
has been trying to arrange deal with
China for wheat, but the question of
payment has baked its efforts.
Now barter Is proposed and 1t Is
pointed out that from China's natural
resources certain metals are produced
which are considered to be essential In
the advancement OF present day civil
ization. The United States has but q
limited resource Of these metals and
depends largely upon China for some
of its needs. Within the vast reaches
OF what we know as China, outside OF
Manchuria, there are, for instance, a
number Of minerals which would be
essential for us in time of war, but
which we do not produce In adequate
quantities within our own borders. So
the question Is asked, why should we
not trade some Of our surplus food
supplies for these minerals?
&% + y
China even now dominates the inter-
national market by its production Of
tungsten and antimony. Indeed. more
Evening star., 1933-01-08
More Light.

From Paris comes the announcement
that~electric light viii replace gas in
the Bibliotheque Rationale, "one Of
the three largest libraries in the world" +"
The New York Herald Tribune reports
that under the gas lights. 1t some
times took attendants three or four
hours to obtain books from the files;
when the new system is installed three
or four minutes viii suface." Allow
ance may be made for slight exaggera-
Evening star., 1933-01-08
The Democratic Tax Plan.

The new Democratic tax plan may
die a-borning. Scarcely had the presses
of the country carried the news to the
public that President-elect Roosevelt
and the Democratic leaders in Congress
et q conference In New York had
agreed" on a budget-balancing pro-
gram which included drastic increases
in the normal income tax rates and
reductions in exemption than the storm
of criticism broke.
Already there are signs that the
Democrats regret the decision made In
New York Friday night; there is an
effort made to make it appear that the
proposal to increase normal tax rates
was to be only 'last resort" that
other methods would be tried out first
to balance the budget. There was no
such qualification, however, on the part
of the Democratic conferees imme-
diately after the conference had broken
up. It may be expected that apologists
for Mr.. Roosevelt will continue to in
sist that the tax plan was strictly q
plan brought to him by the Democratic
congressional leaders. However, Mr..
Roosevelt made it extremely clear that
he did not disapprove the plan. Silence
in this case gave consent. The Presi-
dent-elect did not hesitate short time
ago to oppose a proposal emanating
from the Democratic leaders of the
House that a general manufacturers
excise or sales tax be adopted to bal
ance the budget. Mr.. Roosevelt ex-
pressed his horror that such a pro-
posal should come from Democratic
sources.
The Democratic tax program con-
tanned four distinct proposals, the beer
tax, continuance of the gasoline tax,
cut of 500, 100000 in the appropriations
below the budget estimates and in
creases in the normal income tax rates,
plus lowering of the exemptions for
married and unmarried persons. At
least that is what its sponsors originally
announced. AS a matter of fact, the
proposal to reduce the exemption on
unmarried persons from 81 500 to 1000
was idle-it had already been done in
the existing revenue law. So the re-
duction in exemptions proposed by the
Democrats falls alone on the married
persons.
The slightest examination Of the tax
and revenue situation would reveal the
fact that if the Democratic plan is to be
at all effective In balancing the budget,
the increases in the income tax rates pro-
posed must be called into play. 1t is no
''last resort proposal. Or it was not.
When the criticisms of the PRO
gressives" and of many Of the rank and
file of the Democrats in Congress have
sunk in a bit further, the probability Is
that the feeling of accomplishment
and Satisfaction" which came from the
President-elect after the conference
agreement in New York will evaporate
with considerable rapidity. If the
Democrats expect to satisfy the country
and the people who voted for them by
the million last November by increas-
ing the taxes on the little fellows" the
men and women who have incomes
ranging above $1,000 and $2,ooo de-
pending on whether they be married or
not, they are sadly mistaken.
Evening star., 1933-01-08

Communities that are using scrip TO
pay of employees will at least manage
to solve the problem Of distributing
meat and groceries for awhile. The
course Of the experiment Is worth OBJ
serving as an object lesson in practical
finance. F.123
Evening star., 1933-01-08

When a Secretary of State goes to
visit q President-elect the latter be-
comes the host and must therefore
make public any announcements. In
studying diplomacy 1t is more neces-
sary than ever to keep up with the So
eiety columns
Evening star., 1933-01-08

A Harvard professor OF economics is
wanted in Germany for experimenting
with fictitious money. Economic the
ories must be tested by popular agree
ment. They are particularly danger
Gus when an effort is made to apply
them in private practice.
Evening star., 1933-01-08

Objection to any further wage cuts
may recall the fable of the overthrifty
farmer who cut his horses rations by
degrees TO an oat day. The expert
ment seemed to him success up to
the moment when the horse died.
Evening star., 1933-01-08
Contradiction Invited.

"A man In your position disNkes to
be contradicted," said the close friend.
Except on one occasion" answered
Senator Sorghum-"when he Is testing
out popular sentiment by announcing
that he will not be q candidate"
Evening star., 1933-01-08

An unexpected maneuyer by Repre-
sentative Cox Of New York in the House
on January 4, 1888, as recorded BY The
Star OF the next day, resulted in the
final passage Of the civil service reform
bill previously passed by the Senate,
thus making 1t law save for the ap-
proval Of the President, which was
promptly given.
Evening star., 1933-01-08
Electricity.

The lightning is Ben Franklins gift
So goes report extensive.
With all his thrift, he neer made shift
To leave it inexpensive.
Evening star., 1933-01-08

Technocracy," like Prof Einstein's
"relativity," is good word. All the
public needs to do is to find a meaning
that Is readily understood.
Evening star., 1933-01-08
Fraction.

From the Rockford Resister-Republic.
The Census Bureau says the average
family contains 3.34 persons. The "a
is the one who doesn't see the evening
paper until it is all mixed up.
Evening star., 1933-01-08

Jud Tunkins says we're bound to have
troubles. If they are not presented to
US, we make EN- up for ourselves.
Evening star., 1933-01-08
Rate hx MaII-Payable in Advance.
All Other States and
Nt.,,he, ~ the Associated Press.

The Associated Press Is exclusively entitled
patches credited to it or not otherwise creo-
tied in this paper end also the locsi ,dn neHs W
spsciai dispatches herein are also reserved
Evening star., 1933-01-08
Pat. nv Carrier within the City.

EkagE Uy OHNHACh FEHNAAH1a III WV a,
rAa Erening star. .45e Der month
The EvenfAe and Sunday Star
twhen Sundays .o0c per month
The Evening and Sunday Star
(when 8 Sundaysl ....,.... COG per monLn
usae Sunday Star..,,......... SC per copy
Collection made at the end Of each month
Orders may be sent In by mail or telepnone
National 5000.
Evening star., 1933-01-08
A ROsnanticist.

N hOnhntiClSt.
You have never married." remarked
the conversation maker. That proves
you are not romantic"
Quite the contrary" answered Miss
Cayenne. Il think it Is much, pleas
anter to 60 on talking about moonlight
than to discuss electric light bills"
80 long as men are Influenced more
by fear than by affection" said HI Ho,
the sage Of Chinatown, I'VE must 60 on
making our idols terrifying instead Of
beautiful"
Dissimulations.
Although expressions now are cast
Into contentious lines
We viii, ere many days are past,
BY sending valentines.
Although our hearts they may not touch
With trustful tenderness,
They may in truth mean Just as much
As all our bitterness.
"Gamblin' money" said Uncle Eben,
is de bait on hook dat lets hsh
get a little sometimes, jes' to keep him
nihblin'."
Evening star., 1933-01-08
rhe Evening Star Newspaper Company


18th st. and Pennsylvania Ave.
New York ONCE: l10 East 42nd st.
Chicago once; Lake Michigan Building.
European once: ID Regent St.. London
ENGLAND.
Evening star., 1933-01-08

China even now dominates the inter-
national market by Its production Of
tungsten and antimonY. Indeed. more
Evening star., 1933-01-08
Fifty Years Ago
In The Star

A notable addition to the public
transportation equipment Of the Capital
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1933-06-27

much as two or even q four mill
reduction on his present ad yalorem
assessment of from forty to ninety
mills, that he would pass this benefit
to his tenant? Everyone knows the
answer. It Is just another means of
transferring greater share Of the
burden to the people who are on the
bottom rung Of the economic ladder.
There has been no ad valorem tax
decrease in Mississippi since the adj
vent Of the sales tax. However, in
fairness to the advocates OF the re-
tail sales tax, it should be definitely
pointed out that an increase in ad
valorem would likely have otherwise
been essential, due to the sudden and
drastic reduction in property assess
ments.
The United States Is in a mood to
consider any tax panacea. But the
states Of this nation will do we'll to
consider the unsoundness Of the re-
tail sales tax policy. Founded on fall
lacy; unneeded, except possibly as an
emergency; unequitable to merchants
and customers alike; uneconomical to
administer, considering the army of
unpaid and harrassed merchant-col-
lectors; inadequately productive in
view Of the small percentage of the
states total revenue returned, the re-
tail sales tax is just another tax
burden, psychologically dangerous,
commercially harmful, and socially
unjust.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1933-06-27
NOTICE OF SALE OF LAND.

Notice is hereby given that, puf-
suant to an Order Of the County Court
North Dakota, made on June goth,
1888, the undersigned as Administra-
trix of the Estate of William G:
Hoerr. Deceased, late Of the City of
Mankato, Blue Earth County, Mime
sofa, will sell at private sale to the
highest bidder the following describ-
ed land, situated in Burleigh County,
Quarter (SEA) of Section Twenty
five (25) Township One Hundred For
ty-three (143) Range Seventy-five
(75) West of the 9Th P. M. Burleigh
County, North Dakota.
That said sale will be held on OF
bids for the purchase Of said land
must be in writing and may be deliv-
cred to the undersigned personally at
Mankato, Minnesota, or to G. L. Fos-
ter, Resident Agent for Administra-
trix, at his office in Bismarck, North
Dakota, or said bids may be filed with
the County Court of Burleigh County,
sale.
Said land will be sold either for all
cash or may be sold for not less than
one-fifth cash and the balance in not
over five years time, either payable in
gross or installments, unpaid portion
bearing interest at not less than
per cent per annum and secured by
mortgage on the land sold.
Dated this goth day of June, 1888.
ANNA v. HOERR
AS Administrative Of the
Estate of William G. Hoerr,
Deceased.
Hyland & Foster
Attorneys for Administrative
Bismarck, N. ..
6-20-27.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1933-06-27
GOld-BlOc Nations
Make New Stabil-
iZatiOn Moves
will be unavailable for conference con
situations until Wednesday.
McReYuolds SfrikeS Rack

will be unavailable for conference con-
situations until Wednesday.
McReynolds Strikes Back
Representative Sam D. Mercy
nolds, addressing the commercial 20
Icy committee Tuesday, struck back
at charges that the United States had
gone nationalistic. He asserted none
tary sterilization should be under
taken by all nations rather than only
three or four.
The Tennessee delegate spoke In q
private meeting, but his address was
made public later at American head
quarters. The speech created much
comment in conference circles, par
ticularly because he took an oppor-
tunity to dive into home politics.
McReynolds, who is chairman Of
the house Of representatives foreign
affairs committee, agreed with for
eign spokesman that the American
tariff act Of 1880 was unjust and ex-
planned 1t was q Republican measure.
He ascribed President Roosevelt's
election in part to discomfort over q
high protective tariff.
Congress Backs President
. Referring to the failure Of the pres
ident to ask and receive tariff-mak-
ing powers from congress, Mercy
nolds gave assurance that ANY
agreement reached" which the pres
ident approves, will be ratified by
congress-"
"Our congress is entirely behind
our president he said.
He described the rearing up Of new
tariffs and quotas in the past three
years by various nations as particu-
larry harmful. He urged all coun-
tries to aid by reducing tariffs and
other trade barriers, saying this
would stabilize markets and open the
road to prosperity.
1T has been charged through the
press that our country is national
lstic," the congressman said. I'VE
are trying to place our own house In
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1933-06-27
South DakOtans Nab
Bank RObber Suspect

Sioux Falls, s. D., June T.-R-
Floyd Strain, %, was identified Mon
day as a participant in bank robberies
at Okabena, Mimi, May II, and 1hen
Mimi, about two weeks ago, and as
one of two men who shot their way
out a Huron bank after failing In a
holdup effort.
Strain was seized here Saturday
night along with four other bank rob-
Der suspects. Witnesses and holdup
victims from Havana, IN. D., Worth
ington, Mimi, and Vermilion, 8. D..
failed to identify any Of the suspects
Bank officials from Maylor, 8. D.
where one man was killed in q rob-
berry, were expected here to view the
prisoners.
Sheriff c. F. Magnussen Of Jackson,
Mimi, and County Attorney P. N
Grottum took immediate steps to
have Strain removed to Minnesota to
face charges.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1933-06-27
IN BANKRUPTCY s7ss-s1e

Tn the District Court Of the United
States for the District of North Da-
kota. vou
Bankrupt.
of NICK enzie, County of Burleigh and
District aforesaid, a bankrupt:
Notice is hereby given that on June
22nd, 1888 the said Carl Oscar. Kell
was duly adjudicated bankrupt and
that the first meeting Of his creditors
will be held in the office OF Alfred
Zuger, No. 4 Webb Block, In Bismarck,
n. B., on Thursday, July 6. 1898, at 10
o'clock A. NJ, at which time the cred
itors may attend. prove their claims
appoint a trustee. examine the bank
rnnt and transact such other business
as may properly come before such
meeting.
Dated: Bismarck, N. D., June rs.
1888.
Referee in Bankruptcy.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1933-06-27
| AMERICAN THREAT IS
EFFECTIVE AT LONDON

London, June 27.-(P)-A renewed
threat Of chaos and price debacles
which will follow If the American and
Canadian wheat surplus of 100000, 900
bushels is dumped" on the world
market acted Tuesday to save from
breakdown the wheat acreage restric-
lions negotiations of the four principal
wheat producing nations.
A conference Of representatives of
the big Four" broke up after being
in session for an hour. Stanley M.
Bruce of Australia told the represent
tatives of the United States, Argen-
tina, and Canada that three Aus
tralian states were adamant in their
opposition to the restriction scheme.
Bruce himself is not willing, he de-
clared, to work out some plan where
by Australian adherence to the project
could be assured, but he commented
the difficulties of his position could
not be minimized.
Americans Are Firm
The Americans, in reply, merely
called attention to what the release
Of the North American surplus would
do to world markets and said in eff
feet: Gentlemen it must be DONE"
The position now is that the con-
ferees have adjourned sine die, but
it is hoped further cable conversa-
lions, which Bruce will carry on with
Canberra, will result in another meet
ing being called, perhaps within four
or five days.
Argentina's Encouragement at de-
velopments was tempered by the AM
erican conviction of eventual success.
Conversations between Bruce and
some of the smaller producing ma
lions during the next few days are
considered likely, and/it is possible
the ArgentineS will be drawn in.
In quarters close to the conferees it
was stated that the use of the surplus
in the event of failure to reach an a.
greement, was only limited at by the
Americans until the last two meet
ings. Then, after the speech in the
United States Of the Secretary of Ag-
riculture, Henry Wallace, in which
he spoke Of the possibility, it was laid
before other delegations in so many
words and it had the greatest influ-
ence on the negotiations.