davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-07-24

The eclipse of 1868 became total.
The suns corona fiared. In it
with the spectroscope the astron-
omers diScerned a mysterious yell
low line. thread of luminance
that had not been before in the
spectrum they had known.
But they, including their Paris
ian chief. Jansen. had not an
ticipated this. They could not
attribute the strange hue to any
thing terrestrial. They said it
must come from an unknown sub
stance in the sun. So from the
Greek "helios.' or the sum-" they
named it helium.
That the substance was not only
in the suns harirg blanket. but
also in the very air they were
breathing on the quiet height
above the ancient Indian city of
Guntoor-that it was in the air
everywhere-thCy did not even
guess.
Jansen. the star-gazsr. went
on chasing eclipses-in Algeria,
Europe. Japan and Siam. The
worlds wise men went on I'M
mindful that within their small
orb's encompassing atmosphere
there were invisible and thereto
fore undetectable potcrtialities
for altering the ways OF shaping
their fellowmen's ideas.
TINE possibility of extracting
Il that strange substance.
the possibility of drawing any
unknown substances from the air,
went TO the laboratory. stayed
there a quarter century; and .here
two Englishmen. Lord Raleigh and
William Ramsey. got at the secret.
They were experimenting in 1894
with nitrogen. and discovered in
it an unknown intruder. They
put it through complex purify
ing processes.
The odd visitor still was there.
They called it new gas, "inac-
tive" or idle" because chem
ically il was without action. called
1t "argon.'
They saw then that air might
be something besides hydrogen and
oxygen. They were bringing on
the day of rare gases.
Ramsey kept on playing with
the atmosphere. Submitting it 10
intense cooling. vast compression,
getting it. therefore, into a liquid.
Maybe. he thought. there were
other rare gases TO be found
Presently, as he was heating a
little-known mineral known as
cleviete. out came a volume of gas
he supposed at first was nitro
gen.
But when he turned the spec
troScope on it-as Jansen had
turned II on the eclipSed Sun--itS
yellow color line in the spectrum
was so luminous it outshone every
thing else along the rainbow of
hueS the eye can detect.
THERE in his little laboratory,
IL he came on helium-the sub
stance. the gas. that eclipse
chasing Jansen had said existed
only in a star. only in the earth's
nearest star. the sun.
Other scientists left rare gases
right there. in Ramsey's little
room. There were no more. they
said They added that now that
these - argon and helium - had
beer found. in the air. there was
nothing TO be done about it.
Ramsey accepted the Hodgkins
prize and the grand prize of the
Smithsonian Institution. and he
said the others might be wrong.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-07-24
RECOVERY CODE
IN EFFECT AT
MANY PLACES
Enthusiastic Employers Do
Not Wait to Get
Pledge Forms.

Continued From Page One)
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-07-24
| DEAD, "a HURT,
TRAFFIC'S TOLL
FOR WEEKEND
Negro Pedestrian Injured
Fatally: 3 AutoiStS
Are Arrested.

A pedestrian was killed. fourteen
persons were hurt and three auto
lists were arrested in a series Of ac-
cidents IN indianapolis and vicinity
over the weekend
The dead nan Is John Walker
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-07-24
BOETTCHER is
NEW CHIEF OF
WORKS BOARD
Former Head OF County
Council Is Elected to
Succeed Mckinney.

City board OF works today elected
Walter G. Boettcher. former presi-
dent OF the Marion county council.
as president of the board. succeed
ing E. Kirk Mckinney, who now is
Indiana manager OF the Home
Owners Loan Corporation.
Louis c. Brandt was elected vice.
president and Ernest T. Prick was
reelected secretary Charles o.
Britten is the other member OF the
board.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-07-24
BY WILLIAM ENGLE
Times Special Writer


TINE time is near" said Pierre
Il Jansen. Now We are about
70 see what has not been seen be-
fore. !"
But not ne or any of the other
fuSsing savants who huddled there
on the mountain top in India to
peer at the suns eclipse for the
first time through a spectroscope
so much as dreamed that they
would see in it a prophecy of a
multitude Of the worlds ways
made over.
So when that prophecy APP
peared-an augury that rare and
then undiscovered gases sometime
would carry balloons around the
planet and at night light all its
Broadways-they were wise men
nonplussed.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-12-30

worked incomparably better and are
more cultured than in former years.
Work in the collective and state
farms was better. This Is shown by
the high harvest and the Increased
prosperity and culture in our Socialist
villages.
1.-THE people Of the Soviet Union,
who feel the pulsation OF new blood
in the veins OF the country, will listen
to the report Of the chairman of So
Wet Peoples Comynissars on the
planned national economy for 193s
with special attention. The 1884 plan
shows that the country is not salts
fled with the achievements, that next
year 1t will make a new leap for
ward.
Growth Of Culture
Nineteen thirty-four will be a year
OF unprecedented growth Of culture
in the widest sense Of the word-cul-
ture Of a new life for tens Of millions
OF workers and peasants. What gov
eminent in the world can present a
practical plan Of such Development?
Only the government of the Union Of
Socialist Soviet Republics, only the
government Of the dictatorship Of the
proletariat.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-12-30
Nazis Ban Higher /
Education for the
Workers Children
Set Limit to Students
Who May Attend
Universities

BERLIN, Dec. 29.-Fascist cultural
barbarism took another long stride
backward to the Middle Ages with
the issuing of decree today by Nazi
Minister of the Interior, Wilhelm
Prick, limiting to $4,000 the number
OF high school graduates who may
attend German universities in 1884.
OF this number not more than 10
per cent may be girls.
Under the decree, nearly two
thirds of the 10000 high school stu
dents who will graduate before the
Easter holidays, will be arbitrarily
barred from the pursuit of higher
learning next spring. Jewish students
already have been barred from the
professions under the Nazi anti
Semitic codes. This is in sharp con-
trast to the rapid promotion of high
err learning in the Soviet Union, with
especial attention to the Jews ana
other nlinorities formerly oppressed
under Tsarist capitalism.
The $1,000 elect will be chosen ac-
cording to their national reliability
that is, loyalty to the murderous
Nazi dictatorship against the working
class. They will naturally come from
the families of the bourgeoisie, with
here and there few concessions to
the petty bourgeoisie. The number
of students in the high schools will
also be arbitrarily reduced.
The bulk OF the boys graduating
from the high schools will be forced
into the forced labor camps for the
authorization of the youth. The girls
will be ordered to compete with the
already huge number of unemployed
domestic servants and, under the wor-
sening economic conditions, will even-
tually swell the army of prostitutes.
DR.. Frederick Syrup, Nazi Minister
of Employment, admitted today that
"the army of professional men with
out bread is so large that there is
no opportunity for employment for
! GRO rsYYoInc
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-12-30
An Apt War Pupil

eruOODRow WILSON was a teacher" declared
Roosevelt yesterday, fervently commemorating
the nth anniversary of the birth of that man whose
name has become symbol Of hypocrttical idealism
and broken promises, of the plunge into the Imperial
ist war carnage of 1917
There is historic justice in the Roosevetan ad-
Araton and discipleShp of the President Wilson.
For Roosevelt just truly Wilson, is above all,
capitalist President organizer and preperer
ion the coming imperiaIist world slaughter.
Roosevelt takes wilson for his teacher He is
apt pupil.
1t is precisely because he is the director of the
most enormous preparations for in the history
of this country that Roosevelt is also, the most
seemingly fervent lover OF peace.
The present peace talk Of Roosevelt is part and
parcel Of his preparations 1t is the moral smoke
Green for the ceaseless construction OF the most
gigantic war machine in the world
What can the American working class think Of
Roosevelts peace talk when he has just spent over
one billion in the space of six months,
setting atime record for expenditures? They
recognize 1t the official pacisn which is the fore
runner of
Roosevelt talks peace but in the coming weeks
at the next session Of Congress, he will sign next
years Army and Navy budget which win grant
other 5000 0O0O 900 for building.
Roosevelt's peace talk is hypocrisy equal to the
historic hypocrisy of his teacher who elected
"he kept out Of platform" only to send
hundreds of thousands OF young American workers
to the imperialst bettlefeins
ROOSEVELT yesterday came before the American
workers and the oppressed toers OF the world with
a promise that:
." From now On America v opposed 70
armed Intervention %
But Hoosevelts warshipe now have their gums
pointed right toward that city they rest in the
Kpfavana hsrbr.
n Roosevelts warships right at this moment
pnting their murderous guns at the Chinese cities
I'd villages, at the advancing Red Armies along the
sChinese Yangtse River.
Why does not Roosevelt withdraw these wsrships
from these countries? Because his non-iitervention
talk is typical Wilsonian hypocrisy, with an added
Rooseveltian touch OF cunning.
No more Intervention, promises Roosevelt, until
until 1t is necessary to intervene to protect Wall
Street profits He himself said 80 yesterday in the
following words
ut Is only when and the failure OF orderly
processes affects the other nations Of the
tinenfs that II becomes their concern :"
Here is the same old imperialist excuse for armed
interventionthe failure Of orderly processes What
arc these orderly processes?" They capitalist
pEptection of Wall Street investments When the
Swcrkers and peasants Of Cuba, for example, begin
% seize the sugar plantations for themselves, and
fuse to work fer starvation wages, 30 general
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-12-30
Japan Sentences
2 Koreans To Die

SEOUL, Korea, Dec. %. (By
Cable)-Twenty- eight anti-imperial-
list fighters were sentenced to death,
20 to life Imprisonment, and 1913 to
from one to fifteen hears at hard
labor by the japanese court in this
city on Dec. 20. All the defendants
were charged with carrying on actiy-
tiles against Japanese imperialism In
1881.
Like 1898 and 1882 the year 1881
was marked by sharp and bitter
struggles of the Korean workers and
peasants, suffering from the heavy
blows of the crisis and the fierce at
tacks of the Japanese imperialists
seeking to find a way out" OF the
crisis at the expense OF the colonial
masses and the toiling population at
home.
1t was in that year that the jap
anese irIperialists finally sought to
find way OUT by a robper war
against China, the invasion of Man
churia, and the beginning of q policy
of anti-Soviet war provocatons con-
tinued with increasing venom to this
day. Hundreds of Korean workers
and peasants were arrested, many of
whom are still facing trial.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-12-30
1884 to Be Year of
Unprecedented Growth
of Culture"
Especial to the Daily WORKER

MOSCOW, Dec. %. (By Radio -
The fourth session of the Sixth Cen
trail Executive Committee OF the So
Wet Union opened yesterday as the
sessions OF the central executive conf
mittees Of the various Soviet Repub-
lies comprising the Soviet Union
ended their meetings.
vlacheslav Molotov, chairman OF the
Council of Peoples CommiSSars,
opened the session with a report on
the national economy plan for 1885,
second year of the Second Five-Year
Plan.
Pravda, official organ Of the COM
munist Party, dealt with the opening
session of the Central Executive Com
mittee in leading article entitled
'''rhe Eve of 1884,
THE Soviet Government" said
Pravda, brings big results to the SEES
sion. In the tremendous work &C
complished in recent years, which are
unexampled in history, the year 1888
played an especially great role. Ire
mendous mountains were moved in
these years through the efforts Of the
entire country.
"The sessions will sit and work out
conditions to meet the tremendous
upsurge of all the creative forces in
an enormous country. Not one gov
eminent, not one capitalist country
can advance program such as this
session of our government brings for
ward before the peoples Of the Soviet
Union. Not one Of the premier bour-
geois countries can speak from their
parliamentary tribune with such re-
suits and prospects as the chairman
of the Soviet Peoples Commissars
Comrade Molotov, speaks of today
from the tribune Of the session. The
forces Of our country, its economy
the well being Of its toilers, are con-
stantly growing, and therefore its gov
eminent is strong and unshakeable.
A Year of Great Changes
nineteen Thirty three was year
OF great changes in the quality and
consciousness of our people and in
the work of all branches Of life m
the Soviet Union. In The factorise
during the present year the workets
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-12-30

penetrate the inmost depths of the
masses Of people. The Soviet Govern
ment is strong in the consciousness
of tens of millions Of Soviet citizens
who understand that without this
government the world would long
since have been thrown into the en-
braces of new and bloodier war than
the last inperialist war.
The session begins work on the
eve of 1884. 1t opens the first noble
page of this new great year Of rapid
cultural upsurge in the land of the
Soviets."
"The report of the chairman of the
Council Of Soviet Peoples Commissars
will rouse a tremendous echo in this
country and beyond its borders.
"Comrade Molotov In the report
determined the basis Of the national
economy plan for 1884. What can the
leaders OF the big economic organiza-
lions in the capitalist countries say of
the fate of tomorrow But here from
the tribune Of the session a real plan
of work is formed and firmly based
for a scientifically growing great coun-
try for a whole year. A Bolshevik
Party only knows one type OF plan
unceasing growth. Growth in quality,
growth in production, growth in the
culture and well being Of the toilers.
This is especially characteristic of the
plan for 1894.
I'm his analysis of the results OF the
year 1888, Comrsde Molotoy showed
that the curve last year formed in
such manner that month by month it
rose higher with increasing speed.
This makes it possible to decide the
high tempo and further growth next
year. The general growth of produc-
ton in big industry for the Soviet
Union during 1884 has been decided
as twenty one per cent in comparison
to 1888. Production Of heavy industry
increases 23.2 per cent lumber in
dustry 1873 per cent, output in food
industry 22.3 per cent. The increase
in articles In wide use comprises 17.8
per cent. This forms one of the dis
tinguishing features In the national
economy plan for 1884. This will be a
year of unprecedented growth in pro-
duction of articles in wide ccnsump-
ton and for the satisfaction of the
growing demands OF the toilers.
A Plentiful Harvest
"Nineteen thirty four will become q
highly cultured year In all spheres Of
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-12-30
Generals War in
China Spreads to
Many Provinces
Marking Army Driven
Back on Chekiang-
Fukien Front

SHANGHAI, Dec. 2e. - The new
Generals War in China spread today
with sharp fighting on the Chahar-
Chill provincial borders, North
China, large scale warfare in Sinkiang
province in the remote northwest,
and continued troop mobilization In
the northeastern province Of Kansu
and the southern provinces of Kwsng-
tung, Kwangsi and Kweichow.
A new retreat by Marking forces
on the Chekiang- Fukien front after
day Of fierce major engagements
was followed by an unconfir1ned re-
port that Marking cruisers and gun
boats had captured the Fukien prov
ince seaport of Annoy, one of sew
eral cities subjected to a nurderous
serial bombardment by Marking
planes during the past week. The
Marking regime has commissioned q
notorious bandit chieftain in the Fu-
ken mountains as a divisional COM
mander in an effort to create di-
version back of the lines Of the Fukien
secessionist forces.
Fierce fighting is reported from
Kiangsi and Szechwan provinces,
where the heroic Chinese Red Armies
are defending the Soviet districts
against Markings sixth annual anti
Communist crusade. The fighting is
Of such proportions that there are
hundreds Of casualties daily on both
sides.
On the Chahar- Chilli front, Gen.
Liu Kwei-Tang, Japanese tool, is adj
vancing toward Peiping at the head
of the self-styled Eastern Army of
Peace and Harmony" burning and
sacking villages en- route and selling
the crops of the impoverished peas
ants. The Japanese forces in Chahar
Province are at the same time con-
solidating their control of recently
occupied territory, in preparation for
further penetration Of Inner Mon
golia. Since the fake declaration
from Toxic that these forces had been
withdrawn, they have advanced IL
miles, occupying the strategic town
of Shangtu. They are constructing q
strategic railway linking Kuyuan and
Dolon Nor, and building an airdrome
near Heiho, from which they are
patrolling the borders of the Peoples
State of Mongolia, in preparation for
armed intervention against tn e
Peoples Government, which Is friend
" to the Soviet Union.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-12-30
A. F. [. Locals To
Send Delegates to
F.S.U. Convention

NEW YORK-Several locals OF the
American Federation Of Labor have
endorsed the call for the first ma
tional convention of the Friends of
the Soviet Union and are electing
delegates, It was announced yester-
day.
The convention which will be held
in New York on January 26, 81, and
20, will have broad representation
from workers and other groups
throughout the country, sympathetic
to the Soviet Union. Over $4,000 in
vitations have been sent to such
groups, it is stated.
An exhibition OF the victories Of
Socialist construction In the Soviet
Union is being prepared for the first
showing at this convention, covering
the industrial, agricultural and cul-
tursl fields.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-12-30
The Unemployed Convention

THE national committee OF the Unemployed Council
today announces the postponenent OF the National
Convention of the Unemployed from Jan. Is TO rep
g. A. and 5. This postponement must mean no
slackening in the campaign, but on the contrary,
speeding up and intensihcaton all along the line OF
the convention preparations.
Every member Of the Communist Party ana OF
ali workers organizations should through their work
in the next three weeks, give guarantee that the
convention on Feb 3, in Washington, shall represent
the broadcast possible masses OF the Unemployed al"
part time workers.
The three weeks postponement gives an opportunity
70 intensity the campaign for the Workers Unem-
ploynent Insurance Bill The mass pressure OF the
workers has forced the Farmer Labor Party legislators
TO introduce this week. the Workers Unemployment
Insurance Bill into the Minnesota state legislature.
Especially now is this campaign important just be-
fore the opening of Congress- when President Roose-
welt Senator Wagner and others are preparing 70
introduce lob insurance" bills into Congress which
SAdetrack real unemployment insurance The COM
ing three weeks should be utilized to the fullest
tent TO force action cy and state legislative bodies
similar to that forced the Minnesota legislators
There should be widespread agitation regarding all
features Of the Workers Unemployment Insurance Bill,
which is the only bill guaranteeing a minimum IN
suranoe to all unemployed with funds obtained from
the rich and the government and administered By
the workers.
THE NATIONAL Unempaoyed Conwensaou win have
the TASK OF taxing ap &ne nezn&mdS Oh tne "
W. A. workers. OF exposing the program OF dis
criminaton relief cuts and cheap labor EN-
bodied In Roossvelfs c. W. A. program The
fight fog the demands Of the c. W. A workers
and the organisation Of the C. w. A. workers into
lob committees and into . union win occupy
a key position In the deliberations and decisions
OF the national convention
The struggles OF the unemployed against eyie-
ions for adequate chef and clothes and other ina
mediate needs in sN localities should be pushed for
ward with greater speed part Of the preparations
for the national convention This means also build
ing up the unemployed councils in the neighborhoods
and on a city and county scale.
The convention cannot take place without funds
The, campaign to finance the national convention
should be the concern Of the party members.
The campaign for the convention will have the
task of building the unity Of the workers in the fight
for relief and insurance. Of building the convention
on broad mass base; Of developing local struggles
In all Cities of building the strongest unemployed Or
saIazations and of forcing the national well as
local governments to grant more unemployment re-
lief and the passage Of the Workers Unemployment
Insurance Bill
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-12-30
Nazi Figures Shoev Wage
Cuts; Increase of Jobless

BERLIN, Dec. 29-The worsening
conditions OF the German working
class under the Nazi dictatorship OF
the inoustrial capitalists is shown in
the tremendous decline BY 18 mil
lion marks in wage tax receipts for
October this year as against the same
period for 1882, according even to the
figures issued by the Nazi Ministry
Of Finance.
The Nazi press attempts to explain
this falling off in the wage tax re-
ceipts by the fact that certain voca-
tional groups have been eliminated
from the wage tax, but these indivi-
dual cases are no explanation of such
a considerable falling off. The report
of the ministry Of finance is on the
contrary fresh proof that the whole
of the Hitlerian work provision man
euver Is being carried out at the ex-
pense of the workers. 1t is once for
all an incontestable fact that short
time employment and wage cuts have
so reduced the total income OF the
German workers that the above fall
ling off Of wage tax receipts has re-
suited.
The ministry OF finance is further
forced to admit a drop in the re-
ceipts of the tobacco, Der and sugar
taxes. Thse three taxes are a parti-
cularly sensitive criterion OF the
standard OF living Of the working
people, as the decline in these re-
ceipts is Synonymous with declining
standard Of life.
Unemployment Increasing
The Monthly report OF the Stat
istics Once Of the City Of Breslau
shows that the nluch-heralded Nazi
victories in the labor battle do not
consist of a lessening in the numbers
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-12-30

"When the first Petersburg Soviet
Of workers deputies arose in 1905 in
revolutionary battles of the probe
tariat, Lenin, who was then living
Illegally in the Tszarist capital, i'm
mediately determined the place of
-ovtets in the history Of the world.
Almost thirty years have passed since
that time and the Soviets have be-
come the banner in revolutionary
struggle and gigantic creative work.
1.-THE people Of the entire world are
now listening with. special attention
to all that Is said from the Soviet
tribune.
, Socialist Industry, Agriculture
To-day they will also hear that the
corresponding growth OF our forces,
our industry Socialist agriculture. the
international situation of the Soviet
Union is strengthening. In the strug
gle for peace the Soviet Government
last year obtained big successes. The
Soviet Government became miver-
sally recognized as decisive factor
for peace, which is being attacked in
the West and East.
"The Soviet Government is SO
strong and authoritative inthis coun-
try because the roots of its policy