davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1933-08-16
IN. R. A. WEATHERS
FIRST TEST CASE
Justice Cox UphoIds Oil Order
of Ickes in Weighing
Emergency.
Hy the Associated Press

BY the Associated Press.
The national industrial recovery act
keystone of the Roosevelt rehabilitation
plan, has weathered its first court test.
Justice Joseph Cox of the District of
Columbia Supreme Court returned the
decision indirectly upholding the prin-
ciple of that act because he believes
that "all laws, including the Constitu-
ton, should be read in emergencies in
the light Of the law of necessity"
A group of oil refiners, led by F. w.
Fischer of Tyler. Tex. had sought an
injunction to keep Secretary of the In
terror Ickes from enforcing orders pro-
hibiting the interstate shipment of oil
produced In violation of State regula-
tions The orders, they said, were un-
constitutional
Necessity CQpfers Rights"
without directly discussing the con-
stitutionality of these orders, issued un-
der the recovery act, Justice Cox ruled:
In the law it is recognized that ne
cessity confers many rights and privi-
leges that without the necessity might
not be conferred. 1t is said that self
preservation is the first law, and this
principle, in some degree at least, seems
to extend to governments.
There is another maxim that the
safety of the people is the supreme
law and all these must be considered
in dealing with emergencies.
Congress has declared that great
national emergency exists, and has in
vested the President with extraordinary
power to meet that emergency"
Injunction Denied.
Consequently. Justice Cox said, the
.l1z
means of the Secretary carrying out
the executive order of the President"
and denied the plea for the injunction.
TIL courts, Justice Cox said, should
hesitate under such conditions to exer-
else any power they felt they might
have, even if the powers were clear cut,
so as not to ''complicate. the problems
which the legislative and executive de-
partments are trying to meet
In answer to Fischer's plea that the
oil production limitation orders of the
Texas Railroad Commission, the basis of
Secretary Ickes' order, were invalid,
Justice Cox said that was question to
be determined by the courts in Texas.
Fischer Plans Appeal.
Before announcing his denial OF the
injunction, which Fischer gave notice
he would appeal. Justice Cox said the
case presents questions of ar-reaching
importance and, if l had tine, l would
like to study it at length. but I believe
passing upon it Immediately is more
important in view of the emergency
conditions"
Before the decision, Charles Fahy,
acting solicitor of the Interior Depart
ment. had contended in a brief that
both the orders and the act we're con-
stitutional
Fischer. attacking a selection of the
recovery law giving the President au-
thority to control oil shipments, con-
fined most of his argument to that
specific provision.
But, asked by Justice Cox whether
he thought the recovery law was based
on the Federal authority over inter
state commerce on power to act or
for the general welfare. he said
Il dent think the act can be sus-
tained on any ground"
Evening star., 1933-08-16
Marriage Lisenses Issued.

UPPER MARLBORO. Md, August 16
(SpeciaD Marriage licenses have been
issued here to the following: Clarence
August Cogan, 81. and Nellie Teresa
Ketchum, 81. both of Washington;
Roland Douglas Seaton, 25. Washing
ton, and Clara Sue Needs 26, Molling-
ton, W. Va; Alvin Whitney Hutchin-
son. 30, and Marjorie Elizabeth Poist,
30, both of Laurel, Md; Bennie Maui
rice Eubanks. %, and Lucille Verell, 81,
both of Newport News, Va. William
James Shine, 81, Washington, and Edna
Rosalie Moran, 10. East Riverdale. Md;
John Schneider Fletcher. %. and Gladys
May Howard, 81. both of Washington;
Earl Frank Zirnite, 25. and Hazel
Chappe. 10, both of Washington: Gil
bert Moore %, and Louise Alice AtWell,
18, both of Washington.
Evening star., 1933-08-16
.R0LPH ASKS SPEED
ON N. R. A. FILM CODE
California Governor Appeals for
Action to Solve "Unfortunate
Condition in Hollywood"
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
HOLLYWOOD. August 16-Gog
Rolph yesterday telegraphed DR.. Lee
Wolman, acting chairman of the N. R
A. Labor Committee in Washington
asking him to speed up the N. R. A
film code to solve the unfortunate
condition in Hollywood"
The Governor was advised by Tim
othy Reardon, State industrial director
the code would not only restore 4OOC
strikers to their jobs, but by setting
minimum hours would open jobs for
1900 to 1900 additional studio workers
Labor organizations have agreed OF
the jurisdictional trouble at the studios
of the motion picture industry" Gov
Rolph said in his message to Mr.. VOL
man, "and will allow the American
Federation of Labor to settle all diff
ferences of the employees. No dis
elimination will be made in hiring
back former employees. Their employ
ment system will remain the same. I:
you could use your good offices in hav-
ing N. R. A. code Immediately taken
up, believe it would solve the unfor-
tunate condition which has arisen ir
Hollywood"
Evening star., 1933-08-16
RAINBOW END SEEN
FOR GOLD BOARDING
Justice Agents Ready to Go
After Their Hidden Pots
of Money.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
Gold hoarders of the United States
have about reached the end of the rain
bow, for the Government is going after
their hidden pots Of gold.
In the Justice Department, legal ex-
perts are quietly drawing up the case
against gold hoarders. 1t would not sur
prise official Washington If warrants fol
the arrest of the hoarders were an
nounced by Attorney General Cumming,
when he returns from his vacation to.
morrow or Friday.
Time Up Tomorrow.
Before he departed for his vacation
Cummings said prosecution of gold
hoarderS who continued to defy the
Government would be started in two OF
three weeks. The three weeks expires
tomorrow
The Treasury and Justice Depart.
ments have completed their investiga.
tlonS into long list of persons who
withdrew gold from banks during the
eMarch crisis. At last reports. there still
were 2S0 persons holding s845,025 ir
the metal, which they refused to give
up, while s27,481, ,498, not turned ir
when President Roosevelt ordered il
done. had voluntarily been given to tn.
banks after Justice Department agent.
visited hoarders.
List Finally Checked.
In all. Justice Department agent.
called CT more than 5000 persons whose
names were on the list of those who
withdrew gold. That list has beer
checked and rechecked and finally re.
turned to the Justice Department.
The ground work has been prepared
every hoarder has been informed oi
the law and of the penalties of up tc
10 years in prison or a fine of not more
than $4,000, or both.
Evening star., 1933-08-16
IEX-WlFE AND YOUTH
JAILED IN DEATH
Authorities Push Probe on Theory
Victim Was Soaked by Gaso-
line, Then Set on Fire.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press
ROCKFORD, H., August 16.-The
divorced wife of Earl Hanson. AZ, victim
OF mysterious blaze that fiared in his
automobile, and 19-year-old Bruce
Thompson were in Jail today as officials
pushed investigation of their theory
that Hanson was victim Of a torch
murder.
The woman. Mrs May Hanson, 38,
has steadfastly maintained her inno-
cence, but States Attorney Robert D.
Nash said he would charge her with
murder if her release was sought.
Thompson was apprehended last
night after police learned he and his
grandmother, Mrs. Mae Rife, were the
flrst persons to arrive at the blaze in
front of Mrs. Hanson's home Just after
Hanson had returned their I2-year-old
daughter Sunday night.
The youth said they heard the ex-
plosion and hurried to the fire.
Authorities believed a porcelain basin.
found near the scene. was used To
drench Hanson and the car upholstery
with gasoline. after which a match was
applied
Mrs. Hanson admitted ownership of
the basin and that she had bought
gasoline to start an automobile.
Evening star., 1933-08-16
Johnson Advocates
Equal Pay if Women
Perform Mems Work

Gen. Hugh S. johnson, N. r.
A. administrator, has his own
solution for the problems raised
by frequently encountered diff
ferences in the wages Of man and
woman workers.
Where women do mems work
they should get equal pay" Is the
principle he has laid down for
the N. r. A. He has recon-
mended this whenever the ques-
ton has been put before him.
Evening star., 1933-08-16
LABORATORY ENDS
SUMMER SCHOOL
Solomons Island Institution Had
Capacity Glasses for Six
Weeks.
Special Dispatch to The Star.

Special Dispatch to The Star.
PRINCE FREDERICK, Md, August
16.-The Chesapeake Biological Labora-
tory at Solomons Island, Calvert
County, has just closed a very success
full Summer school, after being in
session for six weeks. with a capacity
enrolment. The students attending
the Summer school were from the Uni
versity of Maryland, Oklahoma, Brown
University, Western Maryland College,
Goucher College and Johns Hopkins
included lectures, laboratory work and
field trips.
The instructors this Summer. with
the subjects given. follow:
Diatcms, DR.. Paul S. Conger, Carne-
gle; economic zoology, DR.. R. v. Truitt,
University of Maryland protozoology,
DR.. L. Hintze, Goucher College: animal
geology, DR.. C. L. Newcombe, Washing
ton College; Algae. DR.. G.. F. Papenfuss,
Western Maryland College.
The following field trips were taken
this year:
ST. Leonards Greek and Jones
Wharf, to visit miocene fossil beds;
Deep Greek. visit to breeding grounds
for Summer ducks and collecting area
for brackish water flora and fauna
mouth of Patuxent River and west
shore of the Chesapeake Bay, inspection
of cliff fossil beds. breeding grounds for
shore birds, snake infested fresh pond,
and to observe dredging from depleted
as well as productive oyster bottoms;
Tar Bay and Honga River, to visit the
laboratory's 1,000-acre experimental
farm, and inspect the muskrat expert
mental farm in Gum Swamp and
marshes; Crisfield. to study PRINCIPLES
| and practices of industries relating tc
fin fishes blue crabs, oysters and
diamond back terripin.
The faculty of the laboratory will
spend the remainder of the Summer
doing research work. Special work is
| being done now in studying the life
history Of the sea nettle and the blue
| crab.
DR.. r. " Truitt of the University OF
| Maryland, is director of the laboratory
Evening star., 1933-08-16
CALIFORNIA STRIKE GROWS.
Peach and Pear Pickers Fail to Adjust
Differences

SAN FRANCISCO. August 16 tP-
H. c. Merritt, jr.. manager of the Tagus
ranch III the Tulare County center of
peach pickers' strike that has spread
throughout Central California, said he
would have 400 workers busy on the
ranch today.
Strike leaders said none would be
permitted to pick peaches on the ranch
until the workers claim for an increase
from l7l2 cents to 35 cents an hour is
adjusted Nearly 1000 ranch workers
and Gamers are affected by the strike.
Approximately 700 Filipino lettuce
workers at Salinas were out on strike
in a wage dispute and their agents
claimed another 900 intended to walk
out. Rufo Canete. representing 40 in
fluential labor contractor~. laid the
growers were considering raising wages,
which Rave been fixed at 20 cents an
hour. The strikers have demanded 80
cents
About !, 900 pear pickers were reported
on strike near San Jose. Employers
said they believed agitators were seek
ing to spread strike sentiment in sugar
beet areas and among grape workers.
officials of the California Canning
Corporation announced they were con-
siderlng raising wages.
Evening star., 1933-08-16
ROCKVILLE WOMAN DIES;
FUNERAL is TOMORROW
Mrs. Mary A. Spencer, 81, Was
Former President of Wom-
Special Dispatch to The Star.

Special Dispatch to The Star.
ROCKVILLE, Md, August 16.-Mrs
Mary A. Spencer. 81, widow of Frank A.
Spencer. died last evening at her home,
in Rockville She is survived by no
near relatives.
The funeral will take place at IL
o'clock tomorrow morning at the
home. Rev Henry K. Pasma Of the
Rockville Presbyterian Church will con-
duct the services and burial will be In
Rock Greek Cemetery.
Mrs. Spencer was daughter Of the
late Samuel G. Arnold, former editor Of
the Brooklyn IN. " Eagle. She was a
native of Brooklyn, for about 80 years
was a resident of Washington and for
the past IS years had lived in Rock
vile.
Mrs. Spencer was formerly president
of the Rockville Woman's Club and for
many years was active in the affairs OF
the Rockville Presbyterian Church. Her
husband was for long time, and until
/ his death about 20 years ago, engaged
| in the practice of law in Washington
, specializing as patent attorney.
Evening star., 1933-08-16
MILLIONS WORKING
UNDER BLUE EAGLE
New York District SignerS
Near 200, ,0OO-Other Areas
Show Pickup.
By the Associated Press

BY the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, August 16-The num-
Der of Blue Eagle employers in the New
York metropolitan district drew closer
to the 100000 mark today, and at least
two ether districts in the country also
were up in the six-figure class.
More than 5000 signed agreements
received yesterday brought the New
York district total to 183,262. This dis
trict includes Connecticut and New
Jersey as well as New York.
The Blue Eagle. symbolic of the
N. r. A. program of shorter hours anc
mere buying power. has been awarded
to 13l, ,566 employers in the Illinois
Iowa Wisconsin district, according to
latest available reports. The concerns
affected employ 1,087,961 people.
Pennsylvania Signs Up Many.
Pennsylvania, another large industria,
area where figures were available. hao
112 .483 employers under the sign of the
Eagle. In New England exclusive OF
Connecticut. the total was 66956, with
the number of workers affected esti-
mated at COS, ,044
Among the available State totals oi
N. r. A. employers were:
Arkansas. 14,228; Delaware. 1885
Georgia. 17,12l: Indiana, 47.130; Mich
igan, 46125; Ohio, 95,433: South Caro-
lima, 8,793; Tennessee, 1884: Califor-
mia, 112,2l5; Nevada, 1879; Utah, 1891
Alaska, 102; Hawaii 243; Oregon. 9,676:
Idaho, 2,232: Arizona. Alto; New Mex
leo, 3,449 Missouri 43,313; Oklahoma
23,616; Texas. 79,075.
Many Workers Affected.
The number of workers brought un-
der the National Recovery Administra-
ton was estimated at 349.043 in Michi-
gan. 1870 in Arkansas. 114,22l in
Georgia. 169,091 in Indiana. 349.O43
in Michigan, 55499l in Ohio. 56,529 in
South Carolina and $685. in Tennes-
see. In many States estimates were
not Immediately available
In the State of Washington 1O2, ,638
workers were affected by employees
pledges. In Kansas. Colorado and Ne
braska, 18l ,470 employees were brought
under the National Recovery Admin
stration banner: in Montana, 16,434
and in wyoming, 9014.
Evening star., 1933-08-16
Johnson APPROVES
NEWSPAPER CODE.
A. n. P. A. Temporary Sched-
Me Defers, However, Several
Controversial Questions.
BY the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
The way was opened today for Ameri.
can newspapers to join the parade oi
business organizations marching under
the Blue Eagle.
A modified presidential re-employ-
ment agreement providing for temporary
minimum wages and shorter hours fol-
newspaper workers was approved last
night by Hugh S. johnson, recovery ad-
ministrator
AS approved. the temporary schedule
submitted by the American Newspaper
Publishers Association, left open sew
eral controversial questions, including in
sistence of the publishers on their con-
stitutional right to free press. They
also insisted they be allowed to bargain
with employees without interference from
outside organizations.
These questions will be determined be-
fore a permanent code is agreed upon
after public hearings and presidential
approval.
A major provision of the temporary
agreement provides a 40-hour work week
for reporters and other editorial work.
ers receiving less than S35 weekly.
Other Provisions.
1t also provides
A 40-hour week for accounting. cleri-
cal. office, service or sales employees ex-
cept limited number of circulation and
delivery men and outside statesmen.
The same schedule for mechanical
workers or artisans. Publishers may
however. employ these latter a maxi
mum week of A hours for any six
y rfrl ~
ing the life of the temporary agree
ment. but not more than eight hours
in any one day.
The agreement eXempts hours and
wages under contract on or before July
/, 1888. which cannot be changed ex-
cept by mutual consent. In other cases
a 40-cent-an-hour wage was fixed foI
mechanical workers or artisans, except
apprentices.
Minimum wages for Office and sales
employees were prescribed at from $12
weekly in towns of less than $500 to
SIS in cities of more than 100000 popu-
lation.
No persons under Is shall be en-
ployed except to sell papers during
now established hours where it does not
from IA to l6 may be employed up tc
three hours a DAY between am. and
z pm.
The temporary agreement also pro-
vided that during the period of the
code publisher in a city where there
is a shortage of labor which would
create great hardship could obtain a
stay of the requirements for limited
hours upon petition approved by the
A. N. P. A, pending investigation by
the Recovery Administration, if he
agreed TO abide by the decision of the
latter.
Explains Unruled on Section.
Howard Davis president of the Pub
fishers Association, explained that the
proposed permanent codes unruled-o -on
section against third party interfering
in labor contracts was recommended to
meet a campaign Ito compel employees
Of newspapers to join organizations
with which they are not now connected.
The campaign, Davis said in a letter
to Johnson, is based on the allegation
that such membership is required
under the recovery law. asking that if
johnson found it impracticable to rule
on this question now that an official
ruling be given Setting forth the policy
Of the N. r. A"
Evening star., 1933-08-16
CHAIN STORE HEAD
EXPLAINS FOOD CODE
Holds Work Week Basis Must Not
Be Confused With Store
Hours.
By the Associated Press.


NEW YORK, August 16.-In a COM
munication to members of the chain
food and grocery distribution industry,
F. H. Massmann, president of the Ma
tional Chain Store Association. de-
clares the 48-hour maximum employe
work week basis under the food and
grocery code must not be confused
with the store operating hours"
He quoted President Roosevelt and
recovery. administrators as emphasizing
that it is the administration desire
that store hours in vogue prior to June
16, 1933 be continued as nearly as
possible and that if any change is
made the minimum should not be below
SO hours per week in the food and
grocery industry.
The communication urged members
of the association to give effective CO.
operation to the recovery plan by re-
fusing to fall in line with any local
store hour plan that goes below the
stipulated basis, declaring "it is the in
tention that food and grocery distrib-
utors employ more help to take care of
our business for the normal operating
week"
Evening star., 1933-08-16
First Blue Eagle
Pennant Is Given to
Johnson's Mother
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
OKMULGEE. Okla. August Is.
The first BLUE Eagle" pen
nant, of silk fringed with gold,
was presented yesterday to Mrs.
S. L. johnson, mother Of Gen.
Hugh s. johnson, national re-
covery administrator, by employees
of the Recovery Administration
in Washington.
The pennant was transmitted
with a letter from Miss Frances
M. Robinson, secretary to Gen.
johnson. which said: THE mother
Of our Blue Eagle is the one who
should have the first pennant
bearing the bird which carries
the slogan Of the new era. 1t
was hung in our Offices here for
several days, but we felt 1t would
be happier in your home"
Evening star., 1933-08-16
FIELD DAY SCHEDULE
PREPARED BY FIREMEN
Arlington-Fairfax Volunteers to
Hold Annual Event on
August 26.
Special Dispatch to The Star.

Special Dispatch to The Star.
BALLSTON, Va. August 16-The
Arlington-Fairfax Counties Volunteer
Flremen's Association last night com
pleted its schedule for the annual field
and tag day August 26 at Glebe road
and Pershing drive.
The invitation of the National Fire
mems Association to participate in the
Labor day parade in Washington was
accepted. The Arlington County De-
partmentS will parade as a unit.
The annual field day and pumper
contests will be held at the intersection
of Glebe road and Pershing drive Aug
uSt 26 at 1:30 pm. Features will be
a first-aid contest under Red Cross
rules, the Cloth trophy pumper con-
test for association members, standing
pumper contest, ladder climbing, hose
laying. water battle and tug-of war
contests. The day will be designated as
tag day to raise funds for relief of in
jured and disabled firemen
The committee in charge of the ar
rangements consists of Herbert F.
Smith, chairman; John R. Malloch,
Percy E. Finisecy, G.. Frank Allwine and
Elmer j. Blacknfer, jr.
Evening star., 1933-08-16
BLUE EAGLE "RACKET"
WARNING IS SOUNDED
Johnson, However, States He Is
Not Referring to Legitimate
Advertising.
Ey the Associated Press.

Ey the Associated Press.
Again warning against "racketeers'
who hope to profit off of the Blue
Eagle, Hugh S. Johnson, the N. R. A
chief, said today he was not referring
to legitimate advertising.
ANY merchant and any newspaper
man knows what constitutes legitimate
and illegitimate advertising" the ad-
ministrator said. What 1 don't want
done is to have some unscrupulous
newspaper set up an honor roll in its
columns and then go out and solicit
names OF Blue Eagle signers to pay for
having their names enrolled
"Of course. this does not preclude a
merchant buying advertising space to
let it be known he is doing his part
We gave specific authorization for use
of the eagle in advertisements"
Evening star., 1933-08-16
|WHALEN TO HEAR
| GARMENT STRIKERS
Authorized by Government to
Negotiate Differences of
$4,000 Employees.
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, August 16.-Grover A.
Whalen, chairman of New York City
Committee of the National Recovery Ad-
ministration, today received authority
from Washington to negotiate for set
tlement of the garment workers strike.
The authority was received from D.
Leo Wolman, acting chairman of the
National Labor Board, few hours after
a strike order affecting some 10000
workers in New York. New Jersey and
Connecticut was put into effect.
The walkout was ordered as a pro-
test against what labor leaders described
as low wages and bad working condi-
tions.
Whalen said he had perfected plans
to deal with the situation. The board
from which he received authority to act
was set up in Washington under tie
national recovery act to mediate in labor
disputes throughout the country.
Evening star., 1933-08-16
STRIKE IN CONNECTICUT.
Dress and Cloak Trades Workers De-
mand Code Scale.

NEW HAVEN, Conn, August is
R.-Several thousand workers in the
dress and cloak trades went on strike
today in Connecticut as picketing be-
gan at scores of small shops here and
in Bridgeport.
The beginning Of the walk-out in
Bridgeport, where between 1000 and
2,20O dress makers were reported to
have quit work, was marked with sew
eral arrests for picketing.
In New Haven, at least half of the
1,700 persons employed in a half dozen
factories had walked out, union officials
announced.
Tie workers are demanding the mini
mum wages and maximum hours pro-
posed in the national recovery act
blanket code as against the SO mini
mum and 40-hour week which they as
sert the employers offered them.
The walk-out was called aftef
similar strike of garment makers was
announced in New York.
Evening star., 1933-08-16
CODE COSTS 100 JOBS,
BARRING THIRD SHIFT
Woolen Mill Formed to Let Out
That Number, Due to Lack of
Machine Capacity.
BY the Associated Press

BY the ASSOCIdItu Prtss.
PITTSFIELD, Mass, August 10
Nearly 100 employees Of the Elmvale
Worsted Co. will lose their jobs under
adoption by the concern of the nations:
woolen code, officials of the mill said
yesterday.
The company has been working three
shifts, but since the code prohibits more
tf1sn two 40-hour shifts, 10l operatives
will have to be let out because the mill
has insufficient machinery for them to
work on tWo-shift basis.