davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-04-19
FRENCH SOCIAL
DEMOCRATS MEET
Will Continue Support
of Bourgeois Govt

PARIS, April 1S--At ths Avignon
congress Of the French Socialist Party
a sham battle is in brisk process on
the question of exactly how much
support can the Socialists give to the
present Daladier cabinet. Unless
some support is forthcoming, the
Daladier government cannot continue.
The French Socialists are split into
three diyisions:-a right wing led by
Renaudel, which favors not only sup
porting Daladier, but also getting the
Socialist snout into the pork barrel
by actually entering the cabinet; a
centre group, led by Leon Blum, the
millionaire, who advocates policy
less crude than Renaudels, namely
that OF practical support without en-
try into the government; and an in
significant left wing.
The first wide open split in the
party came when the Socialist depu-
ties voted in favor of wage cut for
the French state employees. This led
directly to Leon Blum's resignation as
chairman of the party. A few days
later the Socialist Party voted 80 in
favor of war credits, 10 against, with
20 abstaining. The extraordinary
Congress which has just met at Avig-
non, was TO bring back unity to the
Party. but has merely produced fur
Their irritation and widened ths divi-
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-04-19

and the uneducated are given a gem
eral eduction.
Other technical schools are main
tanned directly by the state or by
the central bodies of the textile in
dustry. The town of Noginsk where
the GluhoVo Textile Comhinat is
located, has Tccbnicum for the
training of experts and supervisors
and also branch of the Textile
Institute, equivalent to a college for
the training OF specialists and tech
nical directors and engineers for the
textile industry.
The Rabfak (Workers College, of
Noginsk is maintained partly by the
factory and partly by appropriation
from central bodies. It is a school
for adult workers and is in its corri-
culum equivalent to the Flu.
Paid For Learning
There are many more appnC-Its
for the Rabfak than the school can
accommodate. A Rabfak student is
given leave of absence with pay
from his factory to fit himself for a
higher calling. The factory stipend
varies with the family needs of the
Rabfak student In many cases his
material condition is more stringent
than that Of the factory worker, but
workers are eager to enter the Rab-
fax, and the privilege is accorded
mostly to the udarniks (shock work
ers) who by their diligence and pub
lic-spirited ways have proved their
worth, The workers vote upon the
names Of the candidates for the Rab-
fax.
In the Gluhoyo settlement alone
there are three elementary pubic
schools One of them, called the
Central School and accommodating
1900 pupils in two shifts, had been
built by Morozov, the former owner
of the Gluhoyo Textile Works. A
smaller school has been built from
the summer home of Arseny Ivan
ovich Gorozov. The house was taken
apart, moved about a mile away to
make room for a factory extension
and re-assembled. Many a loose
fitting joint testifes to this peculiar
piece of school building.
Socialist Team Work
The elementary schools, too, are
designed to fit the pupils for produc-
tive life. Workshops are equipped
with all the machines and tools need
ed to give the pupils a thorough
practical knowledge of one craft or
another. The Central School of
Gluhovo has carpentry shop, a
tool-making shop, shop of cleo
trical appliances. These shops pro-
duce most of the equipment for the
school.
The students work in "brigades, +"
and there is always some kind of
competition or other going on among
the "brigades." Along with technical
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-04-19
Schools and Education in Soviet Toevn

administration, a general elementary
school for adults, and numerous
courses of study for bookkeepers,
recreation directors and what not
This-in addition to the F. z. us
and other schools maintained directly
by the Gluhovo Textile Combinat
and by other factories in the Noginsk
district. The Party schools are an
educational system in themselves.
Still Room for Improvement.
Also in the matter of education the
workers of Gluhoyo have not attained
the millennium. The social organiza-
ton OF workers education has been
achieved: all workers have access to
all the education they can absorb,
and every assistance and encourage
ment is given the workers to improve
their education and to use it for the
common good as well as for personal
advancement.
But the technical side Of the Or
ganization has not yet been fully
mastered. There is still needed a
trained body of teachers and
more systematic pedagogical methods
as well as better equipment The
elementary public schools are well
equipped and in the main provided
with competent teachers, but this
cannot be said about other schools.
The problem of housing, which is
so pressing at Gluhovo, also affects
the educational system, where class
rooms are sometimes ill-suited for
the purpose. Some of the teachers
are only half-baked and display a
distressing disregard of the most ele-
mentary principles of pedagogy.
In one of the Gluhovo schools I
found a teacher who gathered a few
bad boys (she called them "hooli-
gans," meaning "hoodlumsD in the
office and kept them there without
lu nc hfora g.; shrdlu cmfywpm
lunch for a whole day as a punish
ment for their misdeeds. The oldest
'hoodlum' was probably no older
than ten years. The kids were furi-
Gus and called the teacher names.
To my puzzled inquiry about her
principles of discipline she replied
with the greatest self-assurance that
since the children did not do any
studying they were not entitled to
lunch.
The matter was brought to the at
tention Of the secretary of the Pa.rty
Committee of the factory by one of
the parents. and you may be sure
that a very hot 'comradely trial" was
held subsequently,, with the teacher
in the role Of defendant.
But they are learning fast. In
the F. z. u the Soviet children dis
cover that things expand with heat.
In GluhoVo and in the entire Soviet
Union a sympathetic visitor learns an
even greater law: that things expand
and grow with enthusiasm-with the
kind of proletarian mass enthusiasm
that has made this miracle" of the
FiVe-Y Plan and OF the entire
Revolution a perfectly normal thing
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-04-19
WRECkING BASED ON WAR HOPES
"a AGAINST U.S.S.R.
Military Espionage in Moscow Trial Stressed
:. by Izvestia

event of war, the British press has
been bowling and screaming about
third degree methods" and brutal
ity" prsctised by the G. P. U. These
charges have during the course of the
trial been shown up as utterly false
The EngliShmen who made them
later in the open Court, under the
croSS-examination of the Prosecutor
Vishinsky withdrew these charges and
spologized to the Court.
VishinSlzy, in his final speech, re-
ferring to these charges, which are
still repeated in the English conser-
vatiye press as if there been no re-
buttsl, took occasion to compare
Soviet justice with the illegal brutal
ity and persecution which goes under
the name of Justice" in England
itself.
The Meerut case, to which he re-
feTTed, was not only a shameless
frame-up of the leaders of the Indian
working class, whose only crime was
to organize trade unions in India, but
was conducted in the most Scandalous
manner. The charges complained of
no overt acts. The trial was dragged
out for more than four years, during
which time all the prisoners were kept
in a filthy and continuously hot jail.
Rights of defense counsel were con-
sistently ipterfered with. Some of the
prisoners died Of diseases contracted
in the jail. Trail by Iesy was denied.
Even after some of the prisoners had
been found innocent by the assessors,
the most vicious sentences were pass
ed on all-those found guilty and not
guilty alike. The sentences ranged
up to twelve years in the penal settle
ment maintained by the British gov
eminent in the disease infested An
daman Islands.
These are the people, ViShinsky
pointed out, who dare to compare
their reign of terror, inspired by class
hate, to the fair speedy, and unre-
vengeful justice melted out by the
Courts Of the proletariat. We print
below an article by the well-known
writer and intellectual, Roman Rol-
land, on the Meerut Case. Let the
workers draw their conclusions.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-04-19
NAILS DEEPEN
GERMAN CRISIS
Export Drop Continues
With Hitler Rule

BERLIN, April 18.-The economic
position of Germany under Hitler
rulc continues to deteriorate, Just as
her political differences with her
ncighbors, in spite of feyerish mano-
euveriug in Rome and elsewhere, be-
come more sharp. Indications are
that German retail sales, which drop
ped from 81 to % thousand million
marks between 1929 and 1892, are still
falling. The Reichsbank return OF
April Z shows reserves are now only
l0l per cent. improvement, Berlin
financial journals say, is unlikely,
since all the reports Of industrial as
Sociations for March show continued
drastic decline in exports. German
marks, to take out of the country,
have to be bought at 10 to Is per
cent premium.
Meanwhile the Jewish boycott still
inflicts new blows on the German
economy. 1t is reported that the
London fur trades boycott against
Germany will involve loss to that
country of hundred million dollars
annually.
In the face Of these things comes
the report that the Hitler cabinet is
preparing its program Of relief"
Agricultural unemployment, and re-
lief measures, are limited at by the
still secretiyc cabinet. So far the
only measure to see the light of day
IS one for relieving the burden Of in
debtedness which lies on tbs East
pr1lsEisn t,lnksr rlss-
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-04-19

hdtaAIldl ana ndnQ6Q TO the Japd-
nese Ambassador Tamekichi Ota.
Karakhan's declaration. as pub
lished in the newspapers here. states
the following facts:
From the beginning of the Japa-
nese-Chine5e conflict, and the entry
of a Japanese army into the terri
tory Of Manchuria, the japanese
government, through its ambassador
in Moscow, has given repeated as
srsnces that no damage will be done
to the rights and interests Of the
y, S. S. R.. particularly as regards
the Chinese Eastern Railway.
However, in recent months. the &C
tlvities Of Manchukuo and its Iapa-
noSe advisers have created a serious
situation on the Chinese Eastern
Railway, which the Soviet Govern
ment views with unquiet; especially
such things as the seizure by the
japanese military forces of Perebs-
lochni Dock, the postporement Of
payments for the transportation of
Japanese troops on the railway, in
terference with q. S. S. r. rights Of
transit on the railway, the seizure Of
Soviet freights in transit, and the
general disorganization Of the line.
Tho japanese government, when
it was transporting troops over the
eastern line of the Chinese Eastern
Railway, assured us that it's aims
we're the establishment of order.
AZ present, order and safety are in
2 worse condition than before"
Regarding the question OF the loco
motive engines and railroad cars,
karakhan points out that these are
the property of the Soviet Union, and
that the number Of cars belonging to
the Soviet railroads now on the Chi
nese Eastern Railroad exceeds the
number Of the latter's cars on the
Chinese Railway.
"All these facts" said Karakhan.
compel the Soviet Government TO
remind the japanese government OF
the assurances they gave, and TO in
sist on the adoption Of effective
measures which will be really capable
Of protecting the rights OF the Soviet
Union against attacks ard sisc~es n e.
ia2tions In ti,s future
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-04-19
For Our Moscow Correspondent

itOI OHT MOSCOW correspondent
MOSCOW, April 18.-An article in
the Izyestia writes: Among the OBJ
iectiye material used by the prosecu-
ion in the trial Of the WreckerS, spies
and destructionist conspirators, an
important place is held by the find
iugs Of the expert engineers. Vishin-
sky, the chief Prosecutor, devoted
much attention to this material
Basing himself on this testimony he
was able to throw much light on the
wreckiug activities carried on. He
showed that the Treckers based their
activities on the perspective of an APP
preaching interventionist war. This
fact explains why in this trial such a
prominent part was played BY mill
tary espionage. OF the individual
British spies, Visfinsky, in his speech
concentrated in particular on Mac
Donald-thc SPY caught red handed.
but who didn't lack The courage to
confess.
Referring to Thornton, the Prose-
cutor rivetted the attention of the
Court on the document which en-
tlrely compromised this spy and re-
yealed the exact scheme of organi-
cation Of the network of espionage
which he had set up in the U. S. S. R.
This document was in Thornton's
own handwriting and was the con-
fesssion made by him during the pre-
liminary investigation.
With regard to Monkhouse, Wish
insky took occasion to bring clearly
into the light Of day the third ele-
ment in the criminal activities or
sanized by these men-bribery and
corruption.
1T is now the turn of the Courts to
speak their word. Let the imprudent
imperialists again try to challenge
again try to attack, pToletarisu jus
lice. They will again be routed, as
they have been repeatedly before"
During the trial of the English mi
litsry spies in the U. S. S. R, who
have been shown guilty Of overt and
deliberate acts of sabotage, destruc-
ton Of machinery, bribery of Soviet
officials and planning the dislocation
If Soviet munitions production in the
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-04-19
NEW BRUNSWICK PLANT SPEEDS
WAR ORDERS WHILE 1T CUTS PAY
(By a Worker Correspondent

NEW BRUNSWICK, N. More preparations for war
discovered here few days when the Johnson
Johnson barge tied and unoaded material at the
Raritan Arsenal
Johnson & Johnson of the largest medical supply
houses the country Is the biggest factory Bruins
wick and also of the greatest expoers working
class The boss just few months ago made speech saving
that he against cuts and just recently gave the
workers a 10 per cent wage cut.
Practically the only factory in New Brunswick and a
clrtty that IL going fu speed is the sheHPaclrr CO
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-04-19

From Or Moscow Correspondent
MOSCOW, April 18.-Pravda news
paper, in an article on the trial of the
spy-engineerS, heads THE Enemy
Exposed" writes What are the char
acteristics of the four days of the
trial? First of all, an abundance OF
lrrefutable facts and evidence. Sec
ond, that the accused have pleaded
guilty. Thirdly the conclusions of
the experts.
These three things are the basis
Tor the prosecution, which, through
Vishinsky. has brilliantly proved that
this trial is Just one act in the battle
between two struggling forces-so-
cialism and Capitslism--is one more
episode in the class struggle,
Vishinisky in his speech summed
up the many days of the trial. The
results Of the trial are an index of
the ceaseless growth and strengthen
ing Of the forces of the proletarian
state, which the miserable wreckers
will not be able to shake. The CEN
trail group Of Soviet state employees
on trial we're branded by Vishinsky
as traitors. The British spies had no
need to oyerpersuade their "col-
leagues to put turbines out Of COM
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-04-19

/ training the youngsters are given a
wonderful training in socialist team
work, in collective responsibility, in
rivalry for best accomplishment on
behalf Of their class.
The course of study in the eIe-
mentary school lasts seven years. In
its academic curriculum this type Of
school Git is called "siemilietka, '
meaning "seven-year school'D it is
equivalent to our grammar school
and high school put together, Some
schools have only the lower grades,
and the seven-year course is COM
pleted at another school.
The children get their hot lunch at
school free of charge. On the day I
visited the Central School the lunch
consisted of noodle and vegetable
soup with minced meat in it, and of
mashed potatoes with meat sauce.
This plus slice of tasty black
bread, makes a nourishing and salts
flying meal.
Self Disciplined.
There is no rigid institutionalized
discipline in the Gluhovo schools,
but the public opinion" of the stu
dent body serves as a steadying force
TTuantS, shirkers' and other types of
delinquents, who in the United
States are treated as leases" are
brought up before "comradely trials,
and very few pupils want to go
through the ordeal of public criticism
and censure by the body of comrades.
The attendance at the elementary
schools is compulsory for all work
ers' children; there is also a public
pressure that forces the more inert
among the illiterate adults to "liqui-
date their illiteracy.
But the adult workers as a whole
don't have to be forced to acquire
knowledge, Nowhere in the world
will you find such mass thirst for
knowledge and education as in the
Soviet Union. The workers avidity
to know and to learn is something
a foreigner cannot comprehend and
can only marvel at.
There is not a week but Gluhovo
plans some kind of new school or
course of study, and whether it is
a circle for the study of political
sciences or a course on the methods
OF tempering steel, or a group of
cultural "self-actiyity" (painting, mu-
sic, theatre. radio, there is never a
lack of applicants. The book stall Of
the Noginsk railway station or of
the Gluhoyo workers club is a Veri-
table encyclopedia Of small and handy
pamphlets as well as bulky volumes.
Here is a list of the major schools
and educational institutions at the
town of Noginsk with it's popula-
tion of 10000; two "semiletkas,"
three lower-grade schools, a teachers
training school, a training school for
nurses, Rabfak for the textile in
duStry, Rabfak for the turf indus
try, a Rabfak for socialist business
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-04-19
Soviet Union HOnOrs
American Engineer

MOSCOW, April 1S.-The Or
der Of Lenin, one of the highest
hoUors that the Soviet Union be-
CtOws was given TO Leon E. Swaz-
yam, an American engineer. for
his exceptionally useful work" in
the construction of the Kharkov
Tractor Plant. In his speech OF
thanks during the ceremony
Swazyan was greeted with long
and loud applause when he said.
whoever works well and honest
ly with the Soviet Union receives
awards. But those who sabotage
receive trial"
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-04-19
Scrap Iron Used for
War Industries

War industries in various parts of
the world are using so much scrap
iron from the United States that q.
scrap iron export organization will
soon be formed, it was reported last
month. Daily Metal Trade said that
since the beginning of the year Japan
had ordered 100000 tons of scrap,
Italy $4,000 tons, and Poland, $4,000
tons.
Exports of scrap iron and steel to
Japan in February brought the total
exports Of iron and steel up to the
highest point since May of last year,
Out of total Of $4,000 tons exported,
36,454 went to Japan.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-04-19

The bOurgeoisie has torn away
from the family its sentimental
veil, and has reduced the family
relation to a mere money reIa-
tion.-COmmunist Manifesto.
Detroit tribune. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1933-1933, 1933-12-02

overpowered the military guard dragged Lloyd Warn
19year-old coored youth from his CELL and
ynched him. for the alleged assault upon young
After srangng him with rope, the mob saturated the
boys body with gasoline and burned it, while several
thousand women, and little children looked on and
cheered wildly
In critical times like these, it is indeed regrettable
that the chief executive of great commonwealth like
California should be unwse to fan the fires of mob
violence and give official approval to ynching.
Mobs a to constituted government and
public safety They like man-eating tigers when once
they have made their kill and tasted human blood they
will be satisfied without the blood of other victims
To-day the mob victims may be defenseess Negroes or
other hated members of society but if the mbb
spirit not curbed by state and federal agencies the mobs
will be still bigger and boder and their victims of
power wealth and nuence-even governors and states
men, themselves.
In times like these, mobs easily develop into re
outions. When few hundred go mad and take the
into their hands, they break down jail doors and
nch helpless prisoners but when the number of the mob
enough they batter down the doors of legis
latve halls and overthrow governments.
Will Unce Sam laws making lynching
federal crime, will he sit with folded h a S,
while mobs continue to grow bigger and bolder?
Detroit tribune. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1933-1933, 1933-12-02
MODS GROW BIGGER AND BOLDER

Uncle Sam stands before the Christian world with
bowed head and shame-flushed face as result Of the
recent series of spectacular and oubuss of mob
violence which occurred in widely separated sections Of
the United States.
Only few weeks ago. George Armwood "a young
colored man. charged with having crmnay assaulted an
S1yearsold woman taken from the jail at Princess
Ann, Md, and lynched, after the state mitiamen on
guard had been overpowered by the mob.
The unfortunate dragged behind an auto
mobile TO the of the ynchng The body was then
cut down and burned the presence of thousands Of
cheering citizens
On Monday, of this week. two white men. John M.
Holmes and Thomas H. Thurmond sef-confessed kdnap-
pers and killers of Brooks Hart of San Jose Calf were
taken from the Jail in that city, stripped of their clothing
and ynched by mob Of infurated citizens Governor
Rolph, of California, only refused to
call out militia to protect the prisoners but pras
ed the mob that put them TO death promised to pardon
any of them who might be arrested and convicted Tor thu
crime
This official endorsement of lynching by Governor
Rolph, proved great stimulus the mob spirit through
out the country. The mob in Princess Ann Md formed
again and stormed the local Jail in an effort to release
four citizens who had been indicted and arrested for the
murder Of George Armwood They even dug up the grave
in which the charred remains of Armwood had been
buried
Tuesday night, the day following the San Jose double
lynchng mob in ST. Joseph, Mo- stormed the local Jail