davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1933-12-28

exception of South Carolina, of their
own volition, had put into effect the
principal system of electing electors by
general ticket, which remains the pres
ent system. The movement for direct
election by popular vote without the
intervention Of electors was begun in
January, 1926. From that time to 1889
the direct election proposal was ad-
vanced in Congress no less than thirty
four times, and from 1889 to 1928 fifty
three attempts had been made to
change the method by varying PROPOSE
tions.
The relation between the popular and
the electoral vote cast for presidential
candidates-the former in the shape of
votes cast for the electors-has been
widely variant. In numerous cases
candidates have carried States by actual
minorities of the total vote cast, though
these have been in fact plurality votes.
This is due to the votes cast for third
party candidates. 1t does not follow
that save In one or two instances the
results would have been different had
the candidates been voted for directly
instead Of through electors. In no
instances save one In late years have
electoral votes been cast for such
third-party candidates. That exception
was in 1912 when, owing to the bull
moose revolt in the Republican party,
electoral votes were cast both for Taft
and for Theodore Roosevelt, these being
Statewide electoral tickets The
s,raight-out popular vote plan, it is
recognized, involves complications, and
this fact has contributed to the long
delay on the part of Congress in reach
ing an agreement upon a constitutional
amendment for submission to the
States. The present political situation
is believed also to be such as to lessen
the likelihood Of action by the present
Congress or its successor.
Evening star., 1933-12-28
"Rulls. "

For some curious and undiscovered
reason a ridiculous contradiction in
terms" customarily is called an Irish
bull" The phrase long ago passed
into literature and has constant repe-
tition. Yet the fact of the matter is
that the people of Erin are no more
addicted to such mistakes than other
races. Indeed, critics repeatedly have
noticed that the average Irishman is
good deal of an artist in his man
agement of language, and it has been
it possible to find more vigorous
or picturesque folk-speech than in the
Emerald Isle, where the influence Of the
poetry Of Gaelic still survives.
But no one will care to deny that
some of the best bulls" current in
modern times have been of Irish origin.
There is the classic about the two
gentlemen. who. fancying that they
we're acquainted, crossed the street
to shake hands. On discovering their
error, cne cried: 'T beg your pardon"
and the ether remarked: "Oh, don't
mention it. It's mutual mistake.
You see, I thought it was you, and you
thought it was me, and really it was
neither Of U.s."
And a second is cited concerning two
men who were discussing the illness Of
a friend. "Oh, he's got 50 thin" de-
c1ared the one, and the other rejoined,
Faith, he has. I'm thin and you're
Evening star., 1933-12-28
Control Bill Hearings.

House leaders presumably plan to
rush through liquor -cont:ol measure
for the District OF Columbia within
the first few days OF The session. sac
riflcing public hearings to speed in get
ting this business out of the way and
in avoiding the delays which hamper
ordinary District day legislation in the
House. If such procedure is followed
the people of the District, who are
anxious to prevent repenting in leisure
for mistakes dictated by haste, must
rely on the Senate for the hearings
which certainly should precede the
passage of such an important measure
as the new liquor control bill.
The Commissioners have rendered
the community a distinct service by
formally asking for and receiving the
opinion of some OF its spokesmen on
liquor control The result is the bill
which has been rewritten in parts and
prepared as the Commissioners version
Of liquor control legislation. This bill
is by no means to be accepted as per-
feet and the Commissioners would
doubtless welcome, as much as any
body else, its further close examination.
Hearings, of course, should be held on
that measure.
But there is another important mat
ter accentuating the necessity of hear
ings. The Commissioners lquor-con-
troll bill is based on the license prin-
ciple. At least three influential mem
bers of the Senate District Com-2ittee
have been quoted in The Star as mani
Testing great interest in the possible
application here Of the principle Of
State monopoly in sale Of liquor. with
licensing of such establishments as
hotels. restaurants and clubs for sale by
the glass. All liquor sales, however,
would be made by the municipal
agency, the municipality, instead Of the
middlemen and retailers, taking the
profit. The Federation of Citizens As
soCiations favored such principle and
the Washington Federation of Churches,
through its Civic Affairs Committee,
commendS Senator Couzens for pro-
posing sale of bottled liquor through a
limited number of Government stores.
While there is a natural difference
of opinion over the relative advantages
of the licensing system and the So
called Government dispensary system,
there should be general agreement on
the advisability of a closer study OF
these two systems than it has been
possible to make up to this time. 1t
is encouraging to note that Senators
King, Couzens and Gore all emphasize
the motive of temperance, and the sort
of control that will best forward the
aims Of temperance, as the guiding
principle in shaping Hquor-control leg
islation. The elimination of the pri-
vate-profit motive has been stressed
time and again as one Of the essen
tial elements of control system that,
in the words of the Democratic plat
form, will actually promote temper
ance"
Evening star., 1933-12-28

thin. but he's thinner than both Of
us put together"
Anecdotes Of the mixed metaphors Of
Sir Boyle Roche, member Of the Irish
Parliament, are legion in number. "Mr.
Speaker" he declared on one occasion,
"it is the duty of every true lover of
his country to give his last guinea to
save the remainder of his fortunes" !"
Again, he said that: Single misfor-
tunes never come alone, and the greatest
Of Natures calamities Is generally fol-
lowed by one much greater" To him
also is attributed the gem: why should
we do anything for posterity2 What
has posteyity ever done for us2"
But Sir Boyle's unparalleled genius
reached its apex in his denunciation Of
the French Jacobins:
Mr. Speaker, if we once permitted the
villainous French to NEEDLE with the
buttreSSes and walls of our ancient con-
stitution. they would never stop nor
stay, sir, until they brought the founda-
tion-stones tumbling down upon the
ears OF the nation. II those Gallican
villains should invade us, It's on that
table maybe. those honorable members
might see their own destinies lying in
heaps atop of one another. Here, per-
hapS, sir, the murderous crew would
break In and cut us to pieces, and throw
our bleeding heads upon that table to
stare us in the face!
However the Irish statesman was
not the fool he sometimes pretended
to be- He used his skill to ridicule
policies of which he disapproved, and
1t was an abundsntly efficient device
for that purpose.
But the unnamed Birmingham lawyer
had no such strategic objective in mind
when he uttered the famous appea'
to the jury which began: Gentlemen
it will be for you to decide whether
the defendant shall be allowed to come
into court with unblushing footsteps
with cloak of hypocrisy in his mouth
and draw three bullocks out OF my
clients pocket with impunitv" Hi.
performance demonstrated that the
bull is not an exclusively Irish pro-
ductiCn. And the Scots, too, are moi
.rlncune to the accident. for it is re.
corded that a Glasgow attorney once
said to his clerk: Instead O. takin
pledges ye're always breakin', ye'd bet
ter make no promises at all an keep
them"
Language, it would seem, is a tricky
affair. 1t should be handled with care
But If, now and again, a really hu.
morous error is made, it may help il
it is remembered that it is good tc
prompt innocent laughter in the worlc
even unintentionally.
Evening star., 1933-12-28
THIS AND THAT
BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL.

since since humanity became conscious of
Despite the preaching, such antipathy
exists in all too many cases without
much real foundation
Something about the nose of yonder
man rubs another the wrong way. It
may be his appearance, or his clothes
his manner of speech; 1t may be one
of hundred different failings or, lack
ing those. it may be some intangible,
but none the less real, thing upon which
one is unable to place a finger.
No doubt these instructive antipathies
are the deepest seated of all, mostly be-
cause there is nothing one can pick
out and say Of it, That's it"
If the dislike is SO we'll concealed as
that. probably it reposes on foundations
built many hundreds of years ago. The
very classes into which man has divided
no doubt have something to do with it.
Despite any i'll feeling which exists.
one should keep an eye open, and at
least one ear to the ground, for the
good advice which another may bring.
Especially one should give him credit
for such knowledge as he has.
Only the foolish person-and there
are many Of him, of courSe-will with
hold the gracious act universally spoken
OF rs giving the devil his due"
There is many a good thing this old
oevil knows and which he will impart
II one will but give him credit for such
knowledge as he possesses
Let it be noted that this credit need
not be stressed, nor need he be thanked,
even.
All one has to do is listen-and take
heed.
Here Is one of these old devils who
has taken up so simple a thing as a
hobby, recreation which owes part of
its lure to the fact that small problems
arise in 1t necessarily.
He has learned something, this old
devil, through sheer putting of two and
two together. man not given to
boasting, he has not said much about
his acquired knowledge in this small
branch Of learning, but those who know
MIN best realize just what all expert
he really is
Here comes old Sam Hipplewaite.
He Goes not like the old devil, the
reason why he could not tell. but he
does not like this DR.. Fell.
It is all right for him not to like him.
OF course. That is but human. perhaps.
Where he crrs is in permitting this
dislike to gain control over his judg-
ment
For it happens that old Sam has un-
dertaken the same hobby. and now
addresses 1t as an enthusiastic amateur
Will he admit the simple truth that
DR.. Fell Is an expert" especially in
comparison with himself?
He will not.
Though Fell spoke with the tongue
OF an authority, in a voice in which
strangers would delight, old Sam Hip
plewaite will have none of him
What? Isn't he old Doc Fell, who Is
fool?
How can he know anything about this
delightful hobby?
Why" says Sam to himself in real
disgust. "he doesn't know any more
about it than I do!"
So he ignores the perfectly good ad-
vice which the honest Fell hands out.
Back to his hobby, Sam commits the
same mistake over again. partly be-
cause if he did not he would have to
admit to himself that the beggar was
right.
That Hipplewaite will never do!
He had rather fail against Fell than
win with him. Some men are that way,
but they are very foolish, are they not?
Evening star., 1933-12-28
Patriotic Motor Industry.

From the Detroit News.
Once more the motor industry has
shown the way. Always it has been
Independent and self-reliant. Starting
in a small way, without financial help
from the great aggregations of capital,
without a protective tariff or any other
aid to infancy, the motor industry of
America within q few years Of It's be-.
ginnings was capturing the world
asked no favors and received none. Its
captains worked out plan and
strategy of their own which was some
thing new in manufacture and busi-
ness. Men unhampered by ancient
rules and practices worked out new
methods which made other industries
sit up and take notice.
There came the day Of the codes,
and the legal recognition of the right
of labor to organize freely. The motor
industry did not like that provision, it
fought for inclusion of the merit system
in its code, and got it, but with re-
Striction voiced by President Roosevelt
that 1t was not to be interpreted as
meaning that the motor companies
could discharge employees who Joined
organizations of which they didn't ap-
prove. The code expires December 81.
Many people expected the motor COM
panies to fight for a new code. more
in line with their desires. At the same
time it was expected that the N. r. A.
organization would fight back. An epic
battle was in prospect.
Two weeks before the expiration of
the code, the motor industry, through
the National Automobile Chamber of
Commerce, requested that the code be
extended until June, thus coming out
strongly for peace and the unhampered
continuance of the Roosevelt expert
ment. 1t was patriotic act. the more
notable because of the well-known in
dependence Of the automobile manu-
facturers. One of the greatest in
dustries in the land served notice on
the others that it was not going to be
one to interfere with the national pro-
gram by self-seeking. The steel in
dustry has done the same. 1t remains
for others whose codes come up for
renewal to follow these splendid ex-
ampleS.
Evening star., 1933-12-28
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
EY FREDERIC J. HASKIN.

ice crecm freezer was commercially
used by : M. (uI II C Baltimore Md.
This was an ice and salt machine
O. What is the largest amount OF
money which can be sent by one postal
money ord,r?-L. S. w.
A. The maximum amount for which
a single money order may be issued is,
by law. Sl00, but there is no restriction
as to the number of domestic money
orders which ma be issued in one day
to the came remitter.
@. To what industrial Use is the
machete put?-L. n
A 1t is used in agriculture It is a
short sword-like tool, half knife, half
clcavcr. used in Cuba and other tropical
American countries for cutting cane. It
becomes a weapon in time Of war.
O. Did the ancients have more than
A Tyrian purple was the only one
known. In Cicero's day pound of
wool dyed with Tyrian purple cost s175.
Its great cost made Tyrian purple the
symbol Of rulers and of wealth.
Q, How long does it take to go from
Valparaiso to Buenos Aires?-L. F..
A. The Pan-American Union saws
tnat the railroad trip from Valparaiso,
Chile. to Buenos Aires. Argentina, takes
two days and one night. During July
ana august sometimes snow closes the
road and it is impossible.
Q. What industry has the youngest
eXecutlveS?-C. j.
A. The aviation industry. The aver
age age OF Its executives is 80 years.
@. How many feet was the old San
Pedro Hotel lowered?-K. E. H.
A. The Engineering News Record de-
scribed the moving of the old San Pedro
Hotel at San Pedro, Calf, a large
frame structure The knoll on which
the hotel stood was removed and the
building lowered Sc feet to the new
street level
@. Are there more Italians or Jews in
New York City?-S. NJ. S.
A. The Italian population Of New
York City is 1910 355 and the Jewish
population, 1,765,00G.
@. What did Benjamin Franklin con-
tribute to medical science?-I. NJ.
A. The name Of Benjamin Franklin
G706-1790 is intimately connected
with American medicine through his IN
vention of bifocal lenses G764), a fieX-
lDIc CdlIltleI, SlO|c, Ills ltlItIJ OIl
the treatment of paralysis by electricity
Franklinism. 1757) and on lead poi
soning G786); his observations on
goiter, the heat of the blood, sleep,
deafness, nyctalopia, the nfective ma
ture Of colds, infection from dead
bodies, death rate in infants and med
ical education.
@. When were pensions first paid to
New York Central employees and from
what source was the money derived?
F. M.
A The New York Central Lines says
that the pension rules of the company
were adopted January l, 1910. Pension
payments are furnished from the gen.
eral funds of the company and the en-
ployes do not contribute.
O. What is the name of Rubinof's
theme song?-K. M.
A. His theme song is Give Me a
Moment, Please"
Q. Is Danzig still free city?-J. L. F.
A. 1t was made a free state and city
by the League of Nations, and still
enjoys a quasi-international status. Al
though the Polish Republic has no SOW
ereign rights in the free. city. Poland
is charged with the foreign affairs OF
Danzig and the two states have also
formed a common customs and eco
nomic union under Polish law.
Evening star., 1933-12-28
Voting for President.

Election of the President and Vice
President of the United States by direct
popular vote of the people, rather than
by the electors chosen by the States,
has been proposed in amendments to
the Constitution for more than a
century. None of these amendments
has, however, been adopted by Con-
gress for submission to the States for
ratification. At practically every ses-
SIGN of Congress some effort is made in
this direction despite this long series
of failures. Now it is stated that an
other attempt will be made at this com
Ing session to frame a joint resolution
that will command the necessary two
thirds vote of each house.
A proposal to this general effect,
though not in the form of its usual
presentation. has appeared in advance
of the session. This is to provide
method of counting the electoral votes
so that the tally Of each State sub
mitted to Congress for the presidential
candidates will include votes cast by
all State electors and not the vote OF
the State as unit as determined by
majority Of the electors of that State.
This, however, would not be an assured
approximation of a popular vote mas
much as under the present system
electors are voted for in the States by
party states" and only in very rare
instances are there such differences in
the popular votes cast for the electors
as would make any change in the final
result.
During the first forty years Of the
republic three different systems OF
choosing electors were used, election by
the State Legislatures, by the people by
districts, and by the people by general
ticket. BY 1882 al the States with the
Evening star., 1933-12-28
High Lights on the Wide World
Excerpts From Newspapers of Other Lands

are offered public every morning and
every evening.
The village also has the unique repu-
tation of never having been attacked
by bandits. 1t is well fortified with
trenches and other Notifications. The
villagers devote themselves heart and
soul to the work Of preserving peace
and order.
Another surprising feature is its re-
markably high standard of education.
1t is known to have sent residents to
Rome Recently the study of japanese
has become popular. and there are at
present about SO persons learning the
language, each paying monthly tut
ton fee Of 2 ven
Evening star., 1933-12-28
Return to Rails.
From the Altoona Mirror.

While the increase in numbers was
not given, it was announced by officials
Of the Pennsylvania Railroad that there
has been an appreciable gain in the
volume Of passenger traffic during the
past few months over the Pennsylvania
lines
Railroad officials feel that rather
substantial gain along this line ind1-
Gates return to the rails by the travel
ing public and marks the return OF
better times for the railroads. A gain
in traffic along any line with the rail-
roads is far reaching, since it means
more employment, not only on the road,
but in the shops as well, with the at
tendant increase in pay rolls.
Noted particularly by the road Off
cials was the increased traffic from
Philadelphia and New York to other
points. To special train rates over the
week end Is attributed a portion Of the
gain, showing that week end trips,
particularly for pleasure, are increasing
In popularity. It is to be hoped that,
as the country returns to q more nearly
normal status, the railroads will share
pretty largely In the traf1c gains,
Evening star., 1933-12-28

None should permit dislike of another
to blind him to that others good points.
Especially one should not let a per-
sonal hostility keep him from benefting
from the advice Of that other.
Yet nothing is more common.
Every day the careful observer Of
things human will see some one depre-
eating what another says, solely on the
ground that he does not like the other.
Like, after all, Is scarcely half the
picture. There is another side, and
that is giving credit where credit be-
longs, whether one approves or not.
If one gains in this simple procedure,
so much the better. Legitimate gain
is something. and usually very much
worth while.
So many persons, both men and
women, permit dislike Of another to
stand In their way Of real gain, perhaps
some point which they might receive
free, but which they would be wiling
Now that is rather foolish, is 1t not?
Nursing q grudge, an envy, or Just
plain dislike is too costly, when it re-
fuses to accept good advice from an
What matter if dislike, on the other
side, motiVateS it?
If we actively are displeased with an
other, there Is little doubt that he will
know 1t, although our words may at
tempt to conceal 1t from him. Elaborate
politeness may try to hide it from him
He will know, however, in strange
ways not yet analyzed, even by the
professional analysts.
And II he knows. as he always does,
why should he not receive praise for
giving his best advice?
Such a person, no matter what his
own dislike may be, almost always ap-
proaches the problems Of another from
a candid and extremely honest stand
point.
He is free from any false estimates.
therefore he is great deal more likely
to see all sides of question than the
one more personally concerned,
Every one who harborS diStaste for
another human being thus owes debt
of thanks to that one. just so long as
he stays on speaking terms, because
from him he often is likely to get the
truth. although he may not appreciate
it at the time.
Not only that.
He will find that the other, II half a
man, will be inclined to lean over back
ward, as the saying is, in offering him
advice.
Whereas to himself this person might
give bad advice, to his quondam friend
(maybe he still Isl he will do his best
to give real advice, on the theory that
the other will be looking for the worst
and he must give him no loophole for
suspicion.
Animosity, ill-will, hostility-these
scarce are considered in our use of the
word dislike" We refer more to the
lesser manifestations, such as antipathy,
aversion. repulsion.
No one. therefore, who has an an
tipathy toward another, should feel that
the thing Is all one-sided, working just
one way.
1t is curious fact of the human
spirit that ill-will. whether small or
great, shows itself in a hundred little
ways. which most men are thoroughly
able to interpret at their true worth.
He who dislikes another will see to 1t,
in that very antipathy that the victim
actively harbors a similar dislike of him.
This is that circle which always comes
around-that circle of ill-Will against
which preachments have been made