The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-01-28

leetlYl9atlon It Is. impossible: to lead our
connt1y on to the broad path of 'censtruc-
ton, OF the economic foundation of So
clalisrn; that 1t is impossible to free the
masses OF the working peasants number
ing millions, from misery and ignorance.
Lenin said: IF we keep in the old man
ner to the small farms-even if as free
citizens ON freed land-we shall still be
threatened with inevitable ruin"
He said that. only with the aid of
general collective cooperative work can
we emerge from this blind alley"
The Party proceeded from these words
OF Lenln when it carried out the program
OF collectlvized agriculture, the program
OF the Five-Year Plan OF agriculture In
TINS connection the task of the Five
Year plan consisted in uniting the scat
tered, small individual peasant farms.
which are deprived of the possibility of
using tractors and modern agricultural
machines. These farms had to be con-
Verted into collectivized big farms.
equipped with all modern implements.
into highly developed agriculture; State
model farms. Soviet farms had to be es-
tabliShed on free land
The task OF the Five Year-Plan of ag-
rlculture consisted in Transforming the
Soviet Union from a backward small
peasant country into a country Of large
agriculture, organized on the basis of
collective work and delivering the largest
quantities of market grain.
WHEAT has the Party achieved in carry
Wv ing out the agricultural Five-Year
Plan in four years? Has it carried out the
program, or has it suffered a defeat? The
Party succeeded within about three years
m organizing more than 100000 collec-
tive farms and about 5000 Soviet farms
Tor grain growing and cattle breeding
and in four years increased the area I'M
der cultivation by 81 million hectares.
The Party succeeded in uniting over 60
per cent of all the peasant farms and
collective farms, which means surpass-
ing OF the Five-Year Plan by 200 per
cent.
1t is to the credit of the Party that
instead of the 500 to 600 million pools
OF market grain which was procured in
the period when the individual peasant
farms predominated there now exists
the possibility of procuring 1900 to 1.4OO
million pools of corn a year
1t is to the credit of the Party that the
kulakS have been shattered as class
although not yet destroyed, that the
working peasants are freed from the fet-
tiers OF exploitation by the kulaks, and
that the Soviet power in the village pos
sesses firm economic basis, the basis
Of the collective farms.
It is to the credit of the Party that
the Soviet Union has been already trans
formed from land of small peasant
economy into land of the largest agri-
culture in the world
Judge for yourselves; after all this, of
what work is the idle talk OF the bour-
gees press about the collapse of collec-
Invitation, about the failure OF the Five
Year Plan in agriculture?
What is the position of agriculture in
the capitalist countries, which are now
passing through the severest agrarian
crisis Let us take the generally known
official figures:
The area under cultivation in the most
important grain-producing countries has
declined by $40 per cent. The area under
cotton in the United States has declined
by is per cent the area under sugar beets
in Czechoslovakia and Germany by o.
80 per cent, the area under flax in Lithu-
ania and Latvia by 25 to 80 per cent.
COmrade Stain quoted the figures of
the American Farm Board on the ire
BaendOus dininutiOn of the gross produce
ton of agriculture in the United States
Of America, and then continued:
Do not all these facts go to prove the
advantages of. the agricultural of the So
Wet system. over the agriculture of the
capitalist system? Do not these facts
show that the collective farms are more
yianle forms Of agriculture than the in
diyidua1 farms and the capitalist farms?
1t is said that the collective farms and
Soviet farms do not yield a profitable
return, that4it would be more advanta-
eeens to dissolve them and only permit
those to remain which are yielding a
profitable return. But only people who
understand nothing of the questions of