davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-09-01
Counsel from Saar
To Attempt To Act
in Torgler Defense
500 in Jail for Saying
Communist Leaders
Are Innocent :.

SAARBRUCK, Aug. 31.-Dr.
Sender and DIR. Lehman, lawyers
of Saarbruck, have left for Leip-
sig to attempt to act as defense
attorneys at the Reichstag fire
trial which opens three weeks
from today.
The Nazi court cannot reject
them as Foreigners" since Ger
many claims the Saar region,
which is under control of the
League Of Nations until 1885, nor
can they be made subject to Nazi
terrorism without raising a for
NAL protest by the other powers
interested in supporting the Yer
sailles treaty which makes the
Saar international territory.
All non-German lawyers have
been forbidden to act as defense
counsel for Ernst Torgler, George
Dimitroff, Blagoi Popoff, Vassil
Taneff, and probably other Com
munist defendants at the framed
up trial for the fire by which
the Nazis themselves burned down
the Reichstag on February II.
More than SEQ Germans are in
prison on the sole charge of ex-
pressing the opinion that the
Communists were not guilty of the
Reichstag fire.
The date of the trial Of Ernst
Thaelmann, leader Of the German
Communist Party, who is charged
with "high treason" has not yet
been set. He is kept in prison
where the Nazis are seeking by
torture to break him down men,
tally and physically.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-09-01
Street Buses to
Replace Trolley
Lines, Board Says

NEW YORK, Aug. 31.-Eight years
after Mayor Walker made an election
promise ito put buses on the streets
Of Manhattan within sixty days." the
Board OF Estimate voted yesterday to
replace the trolley lines with buses.
Two companies will get all the bus
franchises, both controlled by Samuel
Rosoff, subway builder, and Tammany
man.
The fare will be five cents, with an
extra charge of two cents for trans
fers.
The buses must all be on the streets
within a year and half.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-09-01
Shooting of Milk Cows
Suggested by Mrs. Pinchot

The effect of this proposal, if
adopted, will be to raise even fur
Their the already advancing costs of
milk in the cities.
Mrs. Pinchot made no attack
against the extortionate profits
made by the Milk Trusts at the ex-
pense of both the farmers and the
city consumers of milk.
The $4,000 year leader of the
Interstate Milk Producers Assn. in
Pennsylvania has also proposed the
killipy of one-third of the milk
cows. The smaller farmers would
suffer losses under these proposals.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-09-01

WASHINGTON, Aug. 31.-Just
as the government pays for the de-
struction of cotton, wheat, and
hogs, so it should pay for the shoot
ing of milk cows, Mrs. Cornelia
Bryce Pinchot declared to the Ag-
ricultural Adjustment Administra-
ton yesterday.
Mrs. Pinchot, wife Of the rich
"liberap Pennsylvania governor,
asserted that the situation of the
Pennsylvania farmers was "criti-
cal" and that destruction of the
Surplus" of cows was imperative
to keep the farmers from losing
their farms -,.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-09-01
Fired After IL Years, Worker
Leaps to Death in Subway

NEW YORK.-Lou Burnstein, en-
ployed for II years as bookkeeper
at the Colonial Dye Works, Sol E.
22nd ST., just off the East River, yes
terday leaped to his death under. the
wheels of a Lexington Ave. subway
express train at 125th st.
Burnstein was fired recently after
his wages had been repeatedly cut.
PHILADELPHIA, PA striker
was shot when the police, whose
brutality to workers Is well known,
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-09-01
Browder's Speech at
| ClevelandC Conference
on Page Three Today

The speech delivered by
Earl Browder, national sec
rotary of the Communist
Party of the United States,
at the national trade union
conference recently held in
Cleveland, is printed in full
on page 3 today.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-09-01
Jailed Daily Seller
in Lynn Found Guilty
by Court; Fined $40

LYNN, Mass, Aug. 31-Thomas
Torigian, Daily Worker seller, who
was brutally attacked and beaten by
police here yesterday when he re-
fused to "move cne," was found
guilty on charges of refusing to
move" and "assaulting an officer" in
court today. Torigian was fined $40.
The local International Labor De-
Tense, which is handling Torigian's
defense, has appealed the case and
announced that mass protest is
under way.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-09-01
New War Minister To
Discipline Cuban Army

HAVANA, Aug. 31.--In an effort to
stiffen discipline in the Cuban. army,
which has been deeply influenced by
the revolutionary workers and pea
SAINTS, D. G. Pockorny was replaced
as Minister of War and the Navy by
Colonel Horacio Ferrer, who held
that post under Presidents zayas and
Menocal.
Pockorny was made Minister of
Agriculture, Commerce, and Labor.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-09-01

fired into the picket line In front
of the Howard Cleaning Go. at
Lansdowne. The bloody police meth
DDS will not crush the strikers spirit
to fight on until they gain their de-
mands.
HARTFORD, Conn.--The strike at
the Colonial Cleaners and Dyers'
shop, which was declared on Tues
day, August %, has paralyzed all
production. Reports come from
I-rrtford OF possible preparation for
n 9neral strike.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-09-01

decision granting an injunction to
the bosses.
Following the language used in the
automobile code, approved by Will
liam Green and John L. Lewis of
the A. F. of L., Judge Strong said:
at is the privilege OF every Amer
lean to work in an unmolested man
ner and for whom and at such times
as he may choose"
Judge Strong had been dragging
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-09-01

Illegal under the NRA.
The 1000 bakers, members of Lo-
cal sos and 500 of the Confectionery
Workers International Union, affil-
lated to the American Federation of
Labor, are fighting against a vicious
wage cut, and for the renewal of
their wage contract which expired
in May.
So vicious was the judges attack
on the workers, that he cited their
lawyer, Matthew M Levy, for con-
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-09-01
Issues Sweeping
Injunction Against
A.F.ofL. Members
Drive Against Picket Began With Whalen-
Vol Attack on Shoe Union in RED" Cry;
Green Says He Is Surprised

pickets the
NRA workers with
a injunction
Sea b Brooklyn.
Judge Strong pcking absolutely
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-09-01
WEATHER

Eastern New York-Partly cloudy,
Slowly Rising Temperature Friday.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-09-01

CONTINUED ON PAGE Two)
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1933-07-28

1t is very well now and then not
to remember all we know.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1933-07-28
GENERAL RECKORD CANDIDATE
FOR 1884 GUBERNATOR-
IAL RACE
IAL RACE

The 1884 gubernatorial election
in Maryland is fifteen months hence,
but aspirants for both the Demo-
cratic and Republican nominations
are cropping up like weeds. The
latest name to be associated with
the Democratic nomination is that
of Adjutant General Milton A. Reck-
ord. 1t is no secret that General
Reckord's friends, especially those
active in American Legion circles,
are actively and openly boosting
him, and it is understood that he is
in receptive mood and encourag-
ing efforts in his behalf
Political observers, however, are
of the opinion that General Reckord
cannot make the grade. They are
unable to understand why he is will
ing to desert a certainty for an un-
certainty, inasmuch as the Adult
ant-Generalship is a lifetime job
which carries very substantial sal
ary.-Jeffersonian.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1933-07-28
I HAZARDS AFooT

Pedestrian deaths in 1892 were "A
per cent of all deaths due to auto
mobile accidents. There were 12,-
ITO foot travellers killed out of a
total of $4,000 automobile accident
deaths in the United States. This
fact appears in an analysis by Max
we'll Halsey, Traffic Engineer of the
National Bureau of Casualty and
Surety Underwriters.
Mr. Halsey finds four chief facts
in pedestrian accident problem:
1. Auto-pedestrian accidents are
only per cent less than anto-auto
accidents.
2. The pedestrian is almost twice
as likely to be killed as The motorist.
3. Only 20 per cent of all acct
dents occur outside of cities or
towns, but they are responsible for
more than SO per cent of all deaths.
4. Accidents to pedestrians walk
ing along rural highways are at
least four times as fatal as any
other type of accident.
The following are the chief dan
ger points to pedestrians: Narrow
roads; black pavement that offers
less contrast to the pedestrian and
requires greater Illumination; cuts
through hills, fills and curves; recre-
alton and refreshment locations
where parked cars interfere with
pedestrian visibility; schools, fac
tories. parks, ETC., where pedestrians
walk .on or cross highways; vehicles
passing vehicles; "thumbing,"
where pedestrians stand on edge OF
road to attract attention; roadway
laborers inadequately protected by
signs: glaring lights; wet pavement
Pedestrians should walk single
file facing oncoming traffic; avoid
blind spots; get out of the way of
meeting, or posing cars.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1933-07-28
THE CONSUMER ALWAYS
PAYS

Our law-maklng bodies are De-
coming past masters in figuring out
ways and means to dodge response
biiity for increasing taxes which the
public has to pay.
A legislative measure will be
broadcast to the public as tax re-
duction measure for the people, but
pull aside the curtain and see what
the real truth generally is.
The net result of most tax reduc-
ton measures is shifting OF taxes
from one class of voters to another,
hiding takes under a new name, or
the collection of more taxes through
splitting up the levies in various
smaller assessments.
The reason for constantly climb
ing net tax collections is obvious
thousands of new laws, great per-
centage of which demand increased
public payrolls and expenditures.
AS an example of tax camoufiag-
ing, take the Federal 8 per cent tax
on electricity which was formerly
added to the consumers electric bill.
This was in line with special taxa
ton such as the gasoline tax, the
tax on bank checks, the Federal tax
on automobiles, etc. Congress, to
make some kind of tax reduction
showing for electric consumers, has
shifted the 8 per cent electric tax
from the user to the company.
This hides the tax from the gen
eral public, although it will still
continue to pay the tax in one OF
three ways, namely: 1t must be
deducted from the earnings of the
millions of investors in the power
industry, thereby reducing their
previous Income; or it will be re-
fiected in increased rates to cover
this tax; or it will prevent reduc-
ton of rates which might otherwise
have been secured.
Switching this tax from the cleo
trio user to the security holder is on
a par with switching the gasoline
tax from the buyer of gasoline to
the oil company.
The politicians know that the cleo
trio company cannot add the 8 per
cent tax to its bills unless it goes
through the long process of securing
a rate increase from each of the
regulatory commissions in the var
ious states. They also know that
no such regulatory price restrictions
apply to other sales taxes, such as
gasoline, where companies affected
can add the tax Immediately to the
consumers bill.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1933-07-28
EIGHT NATIONS SIGN SILVER
ACCORD

Representatives of the silver pro-
ducing and holding countries at the
World Economic Conference signed
Saturday night, a Solemn agreement,
the provisions of which seek to
raise the price of the white metal
which is used for money by nearly
half of the population of the globe.
The accord was regared as a vic
tory for the persistent efforts of
Senator Kay Pittman of Nevada,
who has been carrying on untiring
negotiations for rehabilitation of the
silver market.
Representatives Of India, China,
Spain, the United States, Mexico,
Canada, Australia and Peru, COM
pleted a memorandum which calls
for restriction of silver sales for
four years.
When ratified by the home Gov
ernments the document will take the
form of treaty.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1933-07-28
ROOSEVELT DEGREES POLITE
CAL GAME IN CIVIL.
SERVICE

President Roosevelt has revealed
his hostility toward so-called
Civil Service employees of the Gov
eminent who obtained their posi-
lions originally through political APP
pointmert and subsequently were
covered in" through Executive or
der during the recent Republican
Administrations.
He said in discussing the question
it was necessary to discriminate be-
tween legitimate Civil Service en-
ployees who gained their status by
competitive examination and those
who in reality were political ap-
pointees. In choosing employees in
the new emergency administrations
he said, the Civil Service would be
asked to furnish lists from the
Legitimate" group and these would
be given every possible preference
but that the political appointee class
would be excluded unless they sue
ceeded in passing regular COMPETE
tive examinations.
In explanation the President re-
ferred to the origin of the Civil Ser
vice under President CLEVELAND, de-
claring that the purpose of the act
was to establish a class of Govern
ment servants who obtained their
positions through competitive ex-
aminations and purely on their
merit.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1933-07-28
UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND
SUMNER SCHOOL
ENROLMENT

Figures released by the registrar
of the University of Maryland reveal
that the enrolment of the nineteen
tn annual session of the University
of Maryland Summer School, at Col
lege Park, tops that of any educa-
tional institution in the state. reach
ing the comparatively high mark of
1886.
Every county in Maryland is rep
resented, with Prince Georges lead
ing in numbers with ninety-six. The
total enrolment from the State is
632.
All sections of the United States
are listed in the Summer School
roster, with twenty states contribut-
ing 204 students
Thirteen high school principals,
five attendance officers and super
visors, 1913 elementary school teach
ers, and 1856 Junior High and Sec
ondary school teachers are enrolled
for graduate work at the College
Park institutions.
In direct contrast with the situa-
ton noted in the winter sessions of
the University, the women outnum-
Der the men by an appreciable mar
gin, 451 goods being registered as
against total of SS5 male students.
The final date for the registration
of freshman students for the 1888
"a winter term is September 10.
Applications for admission are be-
ing received daily with reassuring
regularity, according to University
officials.
Thirteen high school principals,
ten from State high schools, are en-
rolled in the nineteenth annual ses-
sion of the University of Maryland
Summer School according to infor-
nation released by the Registrars
offices at the University.
The principals from Maryland are
Forrest p Blunt, Brentwood: c. AL
len Carlson, Crisfield; Gilbert c..
Cooling, Barton; Joseph S. End
slow, Street, Paul S. Frank, High
land; Ollie P. Jones, Kitzmiller;
Robert H. Likely, Savage; David
McMenamin, Chestertown; Thomas
Taylor, Oxford; and Robert H.
Weagly, Laurel.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1933-07-28
UNIVERSITY OF DEL. FOREIGN
STUDY GROUP

The University of Delaware For
eign Study groups of students from
a number of colleges and universi-
ties throughout the United States
will leave shortly for Europe. The
group for Germany, which is the
second group to study in that coun-
try will sail on Wednesday, August
2, at midnight on the S. S. Deutsch-
land of the Hamberg American Line.
There will be 10 students in this
group representing about IA colleg-
es. They will disembark at Ham
burg and go Immediately to Bonn,
taking a summer course of inten-
sive training in the German lang
uage at the University of Bonn
The winter session will be spent at
the University of Munich, where
Delaware maintains it's headQuar-
tiers.
The group of students for France
will sail on the S. S. Scythia, Cunard
Line ON September Is, the date of
sailing having been deferred on ac-
count of the increased cost due to
the rise in foreign exchange.
So far about 40 students have
registered for France from about Is
colleges, The Delaware headquar-
tiers in France this year will be in
the new building under erection,
the memorial to the late Pierre
Samuel dupont.
The German group of last year
left Hamburg last week for their re-
turn to this country. They have
spent a year in intensive study in
Germany.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1933-07-28
HAVRE DE GRACE HOSPITAL
RECEIVES REQUEST

The Havre de Grace Hospital re-
Gently was the recipient of check
for $4,000 representing a bequest of
$4,000 under the will of Benjamin
Hartman, formerly of that town, but
later Of Philadelphia. The will
provides that the Citizens National
Bank is to hold the fund in trust
and pay the income to the hospital.
Mr.. Hartman was a Jewish cloth
ing and fur dealer in Havre de
Grace for many years. Among 9TH
err requests in his will was $4,000 to
William Mitchell. of Havre de Grace,
who about twenty-five years ago,
saved Mr.. Hartman from drowning.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1933-07-28
SAFEGUARDING THE BA-
BIES FROM MID-SUM-
MER ILLNESS

Special precautions should be TAX
en- at this time of the year to pro-
tect the babies from the digestive
disturbances that are prevalent dur
ing the warm weather. Some of the
most effective ways by which diges-
tive upsets and diarrheal diseases
may be prevented are outlined by
DR.. J. H. M. Knox, Jr., Chief of the
Bureau of Child Hygiene of the
State Department of Health, as fol-
lows:
Mothers Milk. Mothers milk
is the best and safest food for a
young baby. Babies who are nurs-
ed by their mothers are less likely
than bottle fed babies, to have seri-
Gus digestive troubles. Weaving
should be avoided in hot weather.
"Clean, Cows Milk. The best
substitute for the mothers milk, is
clean, cows milk, diluted with water
under the doctors direction. ALI
cows milk used for infant feelings
should be boiled for two or three
minutes--it is not necessary to boil
it longer. The milk should then be
cooled as rapidly as possible, plac-
ed in individual bottles and kept on
the ice or in very cool place. 1t
should be warmed as needed.
"If suitable quality of cows milk
cannot be obtained, unsweetened
evaporated milk can be used. An
equal quantity of water added to the
unsweetened evaporated milk, pro-
duces mixture equal to fresh milk.
Cleanliness in the Care of the
Baby's Bottles. Digestive ailments
that occur among bottle fed babies
can often be traced to carelessness
in handling milk in the home, and
to failure to wash thoroughly, and
sterilize the bottles after each feed
ing. Fifteen or twenty minutes is
long enough for the baby to take all
he is going to take at a single feed
ing. If the bottle is not emptied by
that time, throw out the milk mix
ture remaining in it. Clean the bot
tie thoroughly and sterilize it by
boiling before using it again
Intervals between Feedings.
Babies should rarely be fed oftener
than every three hours during the
day. There is less risk. especially
in hot weather, if they are fed at
four hour intervals.
Cooled, Boiled Water to Drink.
Cooled, boiled water should be Of
fered to the baby frequently, be-
tween feelings, in hot weather.
Clothing. Dress the baby accord
irg to the weather. Have a light
cover at hand to slip over the baby
when there is a sudden drop in the
temperature.
Protect the Baby from Flies.
House flies are much greater
source of danger to the baby than is
generally realized. They carry di-
sease producing germs from all sorts
of places and deposit them on the
baby's food, on the baby's face and
hands ard on articles that come in
contact with the baby. Flies should
be kept away from the baby, its food
and it's clothing.
Keep the Baby Away from Per-
sons Who are Ill. Babies should be
carefully protected from contact
with older persons who are sick.
Regular Medical Care. The
best way to keep the baby well is to
have him under regular medical SUI
pervision. The doctor should see
the well baby frequently, at least
once north, SO that the mother
may be advised as to its feeding and
care.
Call the Doctor. At the first in
dication of sickness, call the doctor"
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1933-07-28
TO AID FARMER GET MORE
FOR HIS PRODUCTS
Purpose OF Trade Agreements
Authorized Uunder Ad-
justment Act

To enable the farmer to get more
of the money the consumer pays for
his food is an objective of trade
agreements which administrators of
the farm adjustment act are author
lied to legalize.
Producers, professors, distributors
and handlers of any farm product
from peanuts to prunes can apply
for an agreement.
In it they can fix minimum prices
to be paid the farmer as well as the
amount which the wholesaler, the
retailer and the consumer must pay.
They can agree to discontinue
price-cutting and other competitive
practices such as the payment of re-
bates to favored customers, the dis
tribution of premiums and the offer
ing of discounts. They can agree on
standards for any product and limit
the number of types which may be
sold.
After a public hearing, Secretary
Wallace is empowered to put the
agreement into effect and the indus
try covered by it is exempted from
prohibitions of the antitrust laws.
He can terminate it at any time.
1t is not necessary that all indi-
viduals or concerns in the industry
favor the agreement. Wallace can
require that all observe it through
the power he has to grant or with
hold licenses to operate.
He has announced that THU; will
be employed in fluid milk marketing
agreements, the first of which he ex-
poets to approve soon. The licens-
ing is automatic, no application for a
visible document will be necessary.
A proclamation will simply be is
sued notifying the industry that it is
licensed.
Any concern violating provisions
of the agreement then can be "un-
licensed" A concern operating af-
ter it has been informed it no longer
is licensed is subject to a fine of
$1,000 day.
The authority to arrange agree
ments extends to foreign countries.
Negotiations are now under way
for sugar agreement to which rep
resentatives of Cuban producers and
distributors expect to be parties.
Under this proposal, the American
sugar market would be split up
among the chief sources Of supply,
Cuba, Puerto Rico, the Philippines,
Hawaii, the Virgin Islands, and
American cane and sugar beet grow
ing areas providing each with def
mite quota which would be sold in
this country.
1t is possible under the act for in
dustries located in this country to
zone their marketing areas. Pack
| ers, for instance, who now have
statesmen covering similar routes
daily could agree that one would
have the exclusive right to sell meats
in one area, another in othe" areas.
The theory of this authority is
that it would make possible sharp
reduction in sales and distribution
costs.