davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-07-08
Building Organization
Among Share Choppers

beat the southern masses down to
depth such as even they have never
known.
The social consequences Of the plan
among the agrarian masses will be
far-reaching. Many of the small farm
owners will be forced to mortgage, as
result of selling less cotton at a
lower price, when spectators and
landlords have already glutted the
market with last years surplus. Many
of the mortgaged owners will lose
their farms, and become tenants or
troopers. Many of the cash tenants
will sink to the terrible bondage of
share-cropping. Many share-crop-
per, with an impossible burden Of
debt, will become purely and simply
an agricultural laborer. And thou
sands of agricultural laborers will be
squeezed out altogether. A large num-
Der of each group will be forced down
one rung in the agrarian ladder.
And, since the greater part of the
cotton area is the Black Belt, in
which the majority are Negroes, the
plan to pillow under means new and
more vicious attack on the rights of
he Negro people There will be-un-
esS the masses organize to prevent
ia new wave of lynchings against
arming Negroes who demand wages
nd accountings from the landlords.
There will be flood of arrests for
vagrancy enforced idleness. The
prisons and chain-gangs will be
filled to overlooking. The blowing
under Of the cotton will be terrible
weapon against the bitterly oppressed
masses of the Black Belt
Small farmers! Tenants! Choppers!
Farm-laborers! Organize in Share
Choppers Unions and Farmers Com
mittees Of Action. Demand that there
be no evictions from the land, no
foreclosures of mortgages, no seizure
OF livestock. Demand relief for the
starving farmers. Demand the right
OF the choppers to sell their own cot
ton, with no forced pooling Demand
a minimum price of 10 cents per
pound on cotton. Only united action
OF farm toilers will help the farming
masses. Let's pillow starvation underl
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-07-08
FEDERAL RELIEF
FUNDS FOR YEAR
NEAR EXHAUSTION
Demand Special Ses-
sion to Adopt Jobless
Insurance

WASHINGTON, July Half Of
the $500,000,000 voted for relief by Con-
gress last May is long exhausted, the
other S250,000,000 can only be dis
tributed to communities on the basis
Of 81 for each So raised locally. Fol
any city to get relief funds from the
Federal government, three times as
much must be raised by the commu-
nifty itself.
The whole amount, however, is very
insignificant considering the needs
of II million unemployed. The fact
that half the sum was spent in the
first few weeks shows that the bal
ance can be spread over at most for
week or two.
When the bill was passed on May
10 the Daily Worker showed that at
is another of Roosevelt's tricks in
tended to hide the fact that the gov
eminent refuses to take care of the
immediate needs of the unemployed"
The exhaustion of Federal relief
funds brings the unemployed face
to face with new relief cuts in the
next few weeks. 1t brings sharply the
need Of the federal government as
surfing unemployment insurance to all
jobless workers. President Roosevelt
has constantly avoided this issue al
though it was one of his election
promises.
In every city working class organ
izations should make demands on
Roosevelt to call a special session of
Congress to adopt a federal unem-
ployment insurance law.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-07-08
Jobless Workers Contrast Their
Misery with Gorging OF Wealthy
Bridgeport Flop House
Uses Georgia Chain
Gang Methods
CBy a Worker Correspondent

BRIDGEPORT, Conn., had the
misfortune to be on the hummer
and landed in Bridgeport, Conn. I
got a flop in the Christian Union
Mission. 1t has a big illuminated
cross on the front and rich finished
building inside with large office
and force of well paid hangers on
in it. You get a little soup made
out of sheep skin and a cup of dirty
water they call coffee.
For supper your ticket reads 1-10c
meal at 5 p. m. You have to be
there at p. m. to start to beg for it.
Then at 7:45 you have to go listen to
a bull thrower, then a bath CD and
put your clothes in an air fumigator
and when you get them they are
dirty, wrinkled and stink. They hold
your coat and all that you need so
you can't shave or wash. They give
you piece Of soap so small it is
useless and small paper towel that
is NJ G. Now you can get another
good 10c meal of spoonful of dry
oatmeal and more dirty water.
Then you go to work and have to
stand for lot of cheap CUFF from
four-eyed town bum. He asks your
name and if it is spelled wrong, you
are last and get more knocks. BY
$3.50 they give you your coat and you
can go without a shave or wash and
your clothes are dirtier than when
you got there. Is that a help? 1t
seems the Community fund is doing
all it can to bring the Georgia chain
gang to New England.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-07-08

owner of three large plantations in
Hale County, Ala. He has stored in
his warehouses, or in warehouses
under his control, enormous quanti-
ties Of cotton. This surplus, wrung
last year from small farmers and
troopers, will this summer bring
Speaker Tunstall neat profit
But only during the summer
months-that is, before the present
crop is picked-will the price remain
high. The present surplus is enough
perhaps more than enough-to sat-
isfy the reduced demands of the
starving masses-Who are the ma
jority of the consumers. BY the time
this surplus has been sold, the flood
of cotton from this years crop,
thrown on the market, will again
bring the price tumbling. And not
before then will the small farmer, the
tenant, the cropper be ready to put
his cotton on the market.
In the summer months, high prices
for the surplus held by spectators
and landlords. In the fall. once more,
ruinouS prices for the small farmer,
tenant, and cropper.
In such a situation, the struggle of
the Share Choppers Union, against
the forced pooling of cotton takes OH
great Importance. And we shall see
that, as result of the plan, the
struggle against evictions from the
land, seizure of livestock and fore
closure of mortgages will become a
matter of life and death.
WHO can afford to cut down acre
" age? Only the rich planters, such,
for example, as Tunstall or Landlord
G. L. Pearson of Tallapoosa County,
Ala.
What of the small farmer? If he
tries to reduce acreage, he might as
well go out of business altogether. In
fact, with the burden of debts and
mortgages he already has, he is very
likely to go out Of business alto
gether. And thus the big planters
will add to their plantations, greed
lily swallowing the little fellows who
can't pillow under and continue to
farm at all
An extra difficulty faces the small
mortgaged cotton farmer who plows
under. As security on his mortgage.
he has pledged this years crop. If
he destroys part of the crop, he de-
stroys pert of The security. Result:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-07-08

before the price comes tumbling
down, the customs of forced pooling
and no accounting will prevent their
getting any benefit from the tempo
rary price rise.
THE lot of the mass of agricultural
laborers will be bitter indeed
Hundreds of thousands of them are
now in the cities, jobless, but plan
ming on short period of work in the
cotton patch this fall. But the re-
duced cotton crop will require far
less labor And this reduced demand
for labor will affect also, incidentally,
thousands Of choppers and tenants,
who rush through their own crops
and hire themselves out for a few
days on the farms of landlords and
small independent farmers.
All the factors operating against
the plan-the competition of foreign
countries when American cotton
prices rise, last-ninute decisions of
certain landlords to raise larger
crops in expectation of a higher
price-will work to bring down the
price of cotton-in the fall. That is,
just at the time when the small fell
low has cotton to sell.
The plan itself becomes part of
vicious circle Which brings the price
of cotton ever lower. The main rea-
son for the low price is that the ma
jority Of consumers-workers, poor
farmers, farm toilers-have no
money. They cannot buy back what
they have produced. Rising prices OF
cotton this summer will mean even
less demand from the masses. And
more starvation of the agricultural
toilers means less buying also. And,
once again, falling prices.
Another factor: the money to be
paid the planters, for reducing acre
age, will come out Of a processing
tax on cotton. That tax will come
out CT the pocket OF every worker and
toiling farmer who buys shirt or
pair Of overalls. Again, reduced de-
mand and falling prices of raw ma
terial. Constantly the circle grows
more vicious.
The gist of the plan is quick
profit Tor the cotton SPECTATORS and
landlords--of both North and South
and more intense starvation for the
southern farming masses. President
Rooseyelt's cotton plan is a plan to
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-07-08

building concrete seats in the Public
Stadium at an expense of $553,000
when it is only used 4 or S times a
Cenr. But 1t was so ridiculous they
had to shelve it.
The draft plan proposed by the
Communist Party is presented for a
thorough discussion, later to be
adopted by the Baltimore workers.
1t states:
The $16,100,0O0 is to be spent in
such way that maximum Of the
money shall actually be paid out to
labor and to relieve unemployment.
projects and work undertaken
shall be Of such a nature as to i'm
prove the living conditions of the
working people most directly. right in
heir own Observation-Disclosures
-srly the poor sections.
Replace Shacks.
Eight million dollars Chalf OF the
unds) should be used to clear out
he slum sections, tearing down the
hacks in neighborhoods like S.
Spring ST., Bethel St., Vine ST.,
Ireenwillow St., etc, and numerous
ther decaying streets and alleys in
he Negro sections and the other
Id parts of the city, such as Can
on, South Baltimore and Highland
own.
ITO leave the direction and control
If the program in the hands Of the
Jackson Committee means large scale
raft, corruption and profiteering
Therefore it is necessary that a La
1or Committee on Public Works be
ct up to take charge. This Com
nittee should consist of five repre-
,entatives elected from each council
manic district at public assemblies of
working people, plus two rank and
lie representatives elected from the
Unemployed Council, the Peoples
Unemployed League, the American
federation Of Labor and the Trade
Union Unity League.
The Communist Party points out,
We must increase our struggles for
enactment OF the Workers Unem-
1loyment Insurance Bill presented to
President Roosevelt on March 6. This
Bill provides for Federal Unemploy-
nent Insurance for all unemployed
turing the entire time of unemploy-
nent guaranteeing the average wages
n the respective industries and ter
1tories in the United States; in any
case not less than $1,000 a week for
adult workers and $500 for each de-
pendent during entire time of unem-
ployment This insurance is to be
provided entirely at the expense of
the government and the employers,
by using all war funds and by tax
ing the big fortunes and all incomes
Ner 81, 1000"
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-07-08
A Sight of Extreme
Wealth and Extreme
Poverty in New Haven
(By a worker CORRESPONDENT

NEW HAVEN, Conn.-In the town
of Orange, a spectacle can be seen
which shows plainly what the power
of concentrated wealth can do, Here
along the West River can be seen a
sight that shows extreme wealth and
extreme poverty. One Of the greatest
athletic fields in the whole world.
Here is located the great Yale Bowl,
with hundreds of acres of tennis
courts, baseball fields and golf
grounds.
Along close to the river bank is a
wild jungle-like place which is owned
by the City Of New Haven. Along
the borders of the river bank some
thing else can be seen. There the
homeless squeezed lemons can be
seen where crowds Of them bunk
nights, Roosevelt de luxe, with a
capitalist newspaper for mattress,
another one for a blanket, to help
to ward off the mosquitoes, knoll
for pillow. There they spend their
nights, the victims of system that
has robbed them of the millions that
has furnished the money to build
this great stadium for the recreation
of class who does not produce any
wealth, but gets all Of the respect
ability of the nation.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-07-08
NEW CITY HOUSES
TO RENT BEYOND
WORKERS REACH
Highest Bid Accepted
by Mayor O'Brien on
Construction Job

NEW YORK.-After a few min
utes whispering among themselves,
the Board Of Estimate approved the
highest bid for building construction
on its $16,000,000 Chrystie- Forsyth
SITS. site on the lower East Side. Old
tenements were thrown down where
rent was about 81 per room, with the
announcement that this would be a
slum clearing project. The new
houses replacing the slums will rent
at S1075 a room. Workers who lived
in the old tenements will not be able
70 move into these apartments at
such high rentals.
Out of three bids offered for the
construction job, Mayor O'Brien
and his henchmen selected that Of
Sloan and Robertson, involving the
greatest cost and the highest rentals.
The reason given is that this higher
rental will yield greater returns to
the city, but report has it that John
McCooey, Brooklyn Tammany boss,
is behind the Sloan and Robertson
firm.
Hides Backers.
Mr.. Sloan refused to divulge the
hackers of his plan 81 am not at
liberty to divulge their names" he
said, "but they are among the most
responsible members of the COM
munity." Persistent reports have it
that Edmund Mccarthy, son-in-law
of John McCOoev. Is definitely Gin
terested" in the Sloan and Robertson
project.
The federal government will supply
$9,850,000 from funds assigned under
the Industrial Recovery slavery
Act, out of an estimated cost Of
SO, 289, 708 for the construction. Tam
many politicians are eagerly waiting
their share of the spoils.
The houses will be elevator apart
ments, II floors high, with 1927
apartments.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-07-08

the bank or other mortgage holder
will demand increased security. Many
mortgaged farmers will thus go more
heavily in debt, even lose their farms,
because the smaller cotton crop that
they will sell, at the reduced fall
prices, will make foreclosures GER
tainty.
QUT mortgaged owner or clear own
= er, the small farmer will sell a
reduced crop at the lower fall price.
and will have to cover into the bar
gain, the cost of operation of the de-
stroyed cotton. Into this crop, the
poor farmers-not to speak of the
tenants and croppers-have put all
their strength and all their hope.
They have spent broiling southern
days over the cotton rows. They have
given money for fertilizer and seed.
In many cases they have hired mules
to pillow. Time, labor, money-all are
to be plowed under.
Tenant troopers and share-crop
pers will find themselves crushed be-
meath new weight when the plow-
ing under has taken place. The land
lord owns the land that the tenants
and choppers work. The landlord will
direct the blowing under of the cot
ton. He will make the agreement
with the county agent. He, and not
those who work the land, will COL
lect government money in exchange
for the destroyed crop.
But what of the tenant? The
cash tenant has agreed to pay the
landlord, out of the proceeds Of the
crop, SO much money for the rent
OF the land. The landlord will
direct a reduced acreage He will not
consider a reduced rental for the
land.
The share-cropper will feel the
burden yet more sharply. He cannot
live on less food than he is getting,
without starving to death at once.
Short of complete nakedness, he can
not do with less clothing. Already
down to starvation level, the crop
pers cannot exist on less furnishing
and less credit than they get now.
Their bills at the landlords store, for
the same goods, will be higher be-
cause of initiation prices. But, at the
end of the season, they will have less
cotton to turn in against that debt
Even should certain troopers turn in
some cotton little while
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-07-08
NEGRO AND WHITE
MEET TO BALK
JIM CROW LAW
To Demand Release of
Negro Victim of
Discrimination

NEW YORK CITY Discrimination
against Negro workers in Greater New
York, especially the brazen order
given by the city to police to stop
Negro and white workers walking to-
gether, will be denounced at mass
meeting at Rockaway Palace 695
Rockaway, Brooklyn, this Monday,
July 10, pm, with Louise Thomp-
son. secretary National Scottsboro
Action Committee, and Frank Spec
tor, assistant secretary international
Labor Defense.
Called jointly by the Brownsville
Section International Labor Defense
and the Brownsville Unemployed
Council, the mass meeting will also
raise the issue of the holding for trial
of william Bryan, Negro worker, OF
Brownsville, whose eviction from his
Brooklyn home and arrest was the
result of race discrimination.
After Bryan and bis wife lost a
child because of lack of food, the
Brooklyn home relief bureau was
forced through mass pressure to give
them rent checks The landlord, now
ever, refused to accept the checks and
ordered Bryan and his wife thrown
out of their home. This action was
warning to other Negro tenants to
intimidate them against uniting with
white workers as Bryan did in the
struggle for the right to live.
Bryan, it is charged, threw fat
iron at one of the policemen during
the eviction, which took place on
April 20.
! Vigorous demands will be made at
the Brownsville mass meeting that all
race discrimination be stopped, that
Bryan be released. Workers will be
urged to attend the trial of William
Bryan, in Special Sessions, Smith and
Schermerhorn Streets, Brooklyn,
Wednesday morning July IL, in large
numbers.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-07-08
Jury Disagrees But
Miners Are Held On
$4,000 Murder" Bond

WILDER, Teun.-There was no
proof sufficient Co convict any Of the
seven Wilder mine strikers framed on
charges of numbering Boney Brewer,
a scab, but ecause of hung jury
four of them, Tom Hall, Milt, John
and Mitchell Copeland. are held un-
der $1,000 bond. Unable to make
bond. they will have to stay in the
county Jail. described as filthy and
rotten While Tom Hall is in jail,
his 2-year old baby is suffering from
an illness brought on by near starv-
alton.
The other three strikers, Frank
Morgan, Ark Garrett and Ebert Hall.
after being proved innocent of the
murder of Brewer and after having
proved they were miles away from
the shooting of Brewer and Lyde
Shepherd are held under $3.50 bond
for assault"
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-07-08
PhiLQdeLphiQ. Pa.

MEETING OF REPS of all working class
orgs in Phi1a. held Monday, July 10, 1925
Germantown Ave. Arrangements made for
.Juiy 2srd Picnic at Schutzen Park Send
delegates without fall
MOONLIGHT CAMP FIRE at Woodward
estate on July 9th. Meet Union headquas-
tiers, 704 So. Washington So, Room 10 at
pm. Entertainment, food, play, ETC. in
cluded in adm. zoe. Auspices, office Work
ers Union
PICNIC by Section and ID, of CP. on
July 9Th, Burholme Park. Interesting pro-
gram arranged. Good food. Take car so
to 1900 North.
MIDSUMMER CITY-WIDE PICNIC ar
ranged by City Committee of WIR July
9Th, SIND and Parkside. Good eats, games.
lots OF fun. Proceeds Relief Striking Work
ers
Paterson, ". J.
PICNIC by C. P. held at Glinsky's Farm,
Warren Point, N. j., July 9th. Dancing,
sports, etc. Adm. i5c, children free Direc-
lions. Hudson River Line, car to End Ave.
Chicago, I'LL.
All labor organizations send delegates to
Red Press conference called by Section S.
District g. of C. P. 10 am. at s06e Armit
age Ave, July 9th.
Detroit, Mich.
GRAND PICNIC Of Two workers Camp.
July 9th, Musical Program, Games, Dancing.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-07-08
Plenty of Money for
DispOssess Marshals
But None for Relief
(By a Worker Correspondent)

BROOKLYN, N. Y-Q) $50,000,-
900 from the Reconstruction Fin
ance Corporation for China to help
the murderers Of the Chinese peo-
pie.
Cd For us, clubs over the head
for demanding bread and milk-for
us and our children.
(3.) Plenty of money to give law
yers, courts, disposses marshals and
$40 tickets for amusements.
a. But they have no money to
give for relief.
CD If do not support my fam
lily, the law will send me to jail.
go Why not challenge the law
and send to Jail the ones that are
starving us out?
% Laws are passed and enforced
for commodities to rise, as milk, ETC.
8) But no law against illegal
proflteering.
co. Protection, guar ntee and
sympathy for those who demand a
fair return of their investment.
Qo.) But no protection, guarantee
or sympathy for a fair return of
our labor.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-07-08
FOREST CAMP IN
OREGON FIRES 16
AFTER FOOD RIOT

PENDLETON, Ore.-SiXteen boys
from New York have been discharged
from the forced labor REPRESENTATION
camp in Bull Prairie as a result OF
a series Of food riots that took place
here.
These riots were eliminating points
in long series of food abuses melted
out to yong workers. In the long
three day train ride en-route to
camps the young workers were meag-
erly fed and when group of 80 in
Larrimore, Wyoming broke into a
bakery searching for food, two were
fined and Jailed.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-07-08
Workers Prevent Cops
From Arresting Child
On a Frame-up Charge
(By a Worker Correspondent

NEW YORK, N. Y.-As I was
walking along 174th St., I happened
to zee a crowd near a candy store
The workers standing there were very
excited and were protesting. A young
child of is years of age was crying
or pleading to policeman, saying
that he did not steal an ice cream
pop.
The owners of the store did not
see him steal anything, but wanted
to have the boy arrested. They claim
that they think he wanted to steal.
Also the stool-pigeon from the fruit
store stated he did not see the boy
enter the store, but wants the police
to have the boy sent away to Jail,
because some day he might steal an
apple from his store.
I could not endure the dirty deal
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-07-08
TREAT CHILDREN
LIKE CONNECTS
Father Writes About
Farmingdale Home
(By a Worker Correspondent

NEW YORK, N. VI have my
child in Farmingdale and therefore
have experienced this little fact:
The Child Welfare organization
cares for orphans and the very
poorest of our little ones" 1t all
sounds SO good and comforting. Poor
widows are helped through the or
ganization, her child having been
exposed to tuberculosis is sent away
through the Welfare to the proven
tarium at Farmingdale. 1t is a
beautiful place and it really looks
as if it were the ideal home for poor
half -starved city kids. Yet they are
treated there like little convicts. If
they dare disobey the strict rules
laid down by heartless, church-going
spinsters, they are slapped and hit,
and this is called welfare for poor
children.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-07-08
NeaUs Briefs
Hoarders Defy Government.

WASHINGTON, July 7. Two
hundred and eleven persons are de-
flying the government to seize their
gold, despite warning by Justice De-
partment agents tn at prosecution
might follow. The Attorney Cen
eral said he was in possession of
list containing the names of nearly
10000 persons who were reported to
have withdrawn gold during the
banking crisis.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-07-08

they were giving that boy, so I pro-
tested against the arrest. Seeing how
I did not let the police take the boy
to Jail, all the workers around me
also Joined in and forced the police
man to let the boy loose.
The boy is the son of an unem-
ployed father, starving and going
without shoes. When the workers
are all together, we could stop the
police from arresting children by the
lies of stool-pigeons. r.