Evening star., 1933-06-16
HUGE TASK FACED
IN APPLYING LAWS
Major Measures Expedited.
Record Peace-Time Fund
Bill Voted.
Continued From First Page.)

sadly and looking forward with fore
bodings to the congressional campaign
next year because Of the attitude the
Democratic party has been compelled BY
the President to assume on this issue.
1t Is true many Of them made Their
records individually against compensa-
ton cuts. But in the end, the Demo
cratic majorities in both houses turned
to and saved President Roosevelt from
the necessity Of having to veto a bill
carrying provisions which were de-
manded by representatives Of the vet
erans. In the House the President was
backed by vote Of 209 to 1T, and
when the showdown came in the Sen
ate at midnight. the vote was 45 to 36.
The swing back to the President in
since the night before the Senate had
by vote of 81 to 80 overriden him
on this issue. The vote in the House,
placing that body in line with the
President, gave the Democratic Sen
atorS opportunity to shift their posi-
tionS, on the ground it was impossible
for the Senate alone to win in q con-
test in which it was opposed to the
House and the Chief Executive. In vain
did Senator Huey Long of Louisiana.
Senator Cutting Of New Mexico and
other supporters of the veterans de-
mand that the Senate fight 1t out If
1t took all Summer. The Senate was
set to end the struggle and adjourn
The Democrats-or enough Of them
had been whipped into line. Only eight
were recorded against the Presidents
compromise. as compared to 19 on We'd
nesday night.
Fear Compensation Issue.
II the President is wise, Democrats
said today, he will see to it that the
Veterans Administration touches no
more veterans compensation where the
men have combat disability, and he
will demand that those combat-disabled
veterans who have already suffered
severe compensation cuts be in large
measure restored. The Democrats are
distinctly afraid Of this issue of vet
Grams compensation now raised by the
Republicans
The final result Of the battle over
legislation regarding veterans compen-
sation was the passage Of the inde-
pendent Offices bill with the same COM
promise agreed to by the President and
the House Democrats last Saturday,
plus an amendment offered by Senator
Byrnes OF South Carolina, and accepted
by the President, mentioning the
Spanish War veterans by name and
giving them certain concessions.
The Senate had its fling in the last
day or two Of the session at the stand
Of the foreign debtor nations on their
payments to this country. What their
criticisms of the foreign nations will
do to the London Economic Confer
ence. now getting upder way. is prob
1ematical. At any rate. Senate and
House no longer remain as sounding
boards for critics of the conference and
its actions To that extent the Presi-
dent has again had his way.
MAjof DaIls Speeded.
Never before in the peace time his
tory of the country has q Congress
passed 70 many important laws In so
brief . space Of time, nor given q
President such great powers Look at
the list Of major bills written into law: !:
The public works and industrial
control bill.
The farm relief, farm mortgage and
currency imitation bill.
The economy bill, permitting the
President to slash veterans compen-
sation and other costs Of government.
The home mortgage bin.
The securities BILL
The hank reform bill
The railroad bill.
The bill repeating the gold contract
The beer bill.
The reforesation bill.
The $500, 100000 unemployment re-
lief bill
The Muscle Shoals bill.
In addition to these measures, the
Congress put through two appropria-
ton bills coming over from the previous
Congress, the independent ofiices bill
and the District of Columbia bill, and
q new deficiency bill carrying $3,612.-
900 600, the largest appropriation bill
ever passed in peace times. This last
measure provides the money for putting
into effect the public works and in
dustries control bill-the public works
program running alone to the s., ,300,-
000, 1000. 1t also provides the money
for many other new governmental &C
tivities resulting from the program.
President Roosevelt has insisted upon
the balancing of the Government
budget He brought this about. he
contends, through drastic economies in
Government expenditures, looping about
billion dollars from the ordinary ex-
penditures. including more than $780,
900 600 from the bill for veterans COM
pensatiop and pensions
The President distinguishes between
the usual annual expenditures for Gov
eminent. and the expenditures for
emergency measures. These emergency
appropriations run into the billions.
Republicans say there oan be no real
balancing Of the budget under such ex-
penditures.
President Has Different View.
But the Chief Executive takes a Diff
ferent view In his public works-indus
tries control bill, the Pr s.aent insisted
there should be written additional tax
legislation, capable Of raising $220,-
00o, 900 annually to finance and finally
pay for the public works program. This
was carried out. 1t Is the understand
ing that II the eighteenth amendment
Is repealed, the added Government rev.
enue from the manufacture and sale
OF liquor in this country will be sub
stituted for these new taxes in the
public works and industries bill and
they will be repealed.
One of the first Of the recovery pro-
gram measures put through Congress
was the reforestation act. Under it
10000 unemployed men are being put
70 work in all parts of the country, and
the plan is in full swing.
The farm relief act, by which pro-
duction Is TO be curtailed and made TO
conform more nearly to the demand, is
in operation. Secretary Of Agriculture
Wallace Is at the head with George N.
Peek as the farm relief administrator.
The operations look to the curtailment
of wheat and cotton by withdrawal OF
lands from production. the payment of
farmers to leave lands idle, and the
payment Of the cost by the professors
who turn out the finished products.
Under the direction of Gen. Hugh
3. Johnson. the administrator, an or
ganization has been set up TO put into
effect the great public works program
and industries control 1t is estimated
that the Government will put TO work q
million men directly on Government