davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Milford chronicle., 1933-02-24
SCHOOL COSTS CUT

How schools are reducing costs OF
public education is disclosed in re-
ports reaching the Office of Educa-
l'tion, Department of the Interior.
Estimates based on data supplied
for a special 1928 study indicate
: that the cost of education per child
per day in school has been cut IA
cents since 1929-3O. This means q
decrease in per capita cost of 90 per
cent in three years.
In 1880 the average cost per child
/ per day of educating q child in the
public elementary and high schools
was 62.S cents. In 1888 it is esti-
mated the figure was 4S.7 cents.
Federal Office of Education statis-
ticians have reason to believe that
when final data are in, the resultant
average may be even less than 4S.7
cents.
OF the 62.S cents spent daily in
1890 on each child, 1876 cents went
into new buildings and equipment
and other improvements. Only 50.2
cents went into current expense;
that is, teachers salaries, books,
coal, repairs, etc.
OF the 4S.7 cents being spent each
day this year, cents go into build
ings and improvements, 44.7 cents
into salaries, supplies, and other
current expense.
Comparison of data for other years
show that the decrease in 1888 is
carrying per capita costs for public
education to a level lower than any
year since 1929. The average daily
cost of educating a child in 1922
was ELL cents; in 1920 it was 3S.9
cents per child. '
The comparative figures do not
disclose the full extent of public
education's reduction in costs. The
figures do not take into considera-
tiOn the increased proportion of high
school pupils in the public school
population. Since high school pu-
pills cost about twice as much to
educate as elementary school child
rem, any change in the proportion
has a profound effect on the expense
of the schools undertaking.
i In 1920, when the average per
capita cost of public education was |
1873 cents, only 10 per cent of the
school enrollments were high-school /
pupils. In 1880 this proportion had !
risen to II per cent, and it is un- I
higher now - perhaps |
twice This means that while the !
per capita cost for 1888 (4S.7 cents) |
Is 10 cents more than for 1920 $3.50
part of this increase is due to the
greater percentage of high-school
pupils in the schools.
Milford chronicle., 1933-02-24

If someone will tell us why the
national advertisers have laid off
buying a normal amount of space
in these newspapers that serve the
best potential consumers-market
we win offer them in exchange just
as consistent an explanation as their
own of the mystic deeds of magi-
clan who takes a jack rabbit out of
hat, or as second choice Wen
tell then how to work 600 piece jig
saw puzzle in twenty minutes.
There is nothing wrong about the
advertising expenditures that are be-
ing made in the metropolitan CEN
ters. 1t undoubtedly pays, but il It
only keeps half of these national in
dustries running part time the way
to pull mp the slack would appear to
be to spread the advertising efforts
that are being confined principally
to the cities out beyond their pres
ent narrow limits the the United
States proper.
Many executives of national in
dustries seem to be suffering from
considerable loss of memory, because
their own books and trial balances
will show them that their fortunes
were reaped as a result of the great
wealth of great country, and they
seem to forget in these bumpy times
that the way to reach the part of
the country we are talking about is
through representative newspapers
printed in representative towns and
small cities, everywhere.
The witticism of the late Vice
President Marshall that what this
country needs most is a good five
cent cigar" no longer applies to the |
present time, as that class of smokes
are being sold three-fOr-ten. But
cigar sales have dropped to pre-war |
figures. Chewing gum, cosmetics, |
canned and package goods; cotton,
silk, rayOn and woods have suffered. |
The automobile industry, the rail-
roads, and banks haven't any cor
ner in hard luck-it strikes every
where. Still, the heads of national
industries who are supposed to be |
wise men-and they can find ont |
they don't know from their
chasing themselves |
around in circles in metropolitan
centers. In these centers their sales
men are so thick that the public has
set up an unusual sales resistance.
How about renewing friends in the
broad country that spreads out be-
1ond the city limits?
In that broad country there is lots
If newspaper space to be had. ANY
advertising campaign is in
unless it includes the lead
ng local newspapers of the coun-
ry.
Milford chronicle., 1933-02-24
OLD MAN WINTER

No one ever says 4 good word for
Old Man Winter. No one writes any
songs about "The good old winter
time. People greet him with re-
gret, and if they have money and
leisure they run away to some sun
nier cline. If not, they endure his
frosts with grouchy tolerance, and
say goodbye to him when spring
comes, with kick of good riddance.
And yet all seasons are good. Win
ter is Natures sleep time. A human
being can't keep working "a hours a
day, and so Nature can't keep up
continuous activity for IL months in
q year.
The human being rises in the
morning refreshed by the nights
quiet sleep. Similarly Nature rises
refreshed after her weeks of sleep.
She has fortified her strength, con-
solidated the tissues of her products,
and is ready with energy for new
growth. We can well be thankful
that Nature gives us this period of
waiting. We can use it in hun
dred indoor pleasures and self i'm
provement activities. Also il we
spend much of it in the open air,
the invigorating winter breezes give
us a thrill that never comes from
summers. languid airs.
Milford chronicle., 1933-02-24
WINTER SUFFERING

Winter always brings the most
suffering to poor people. In cold
climates there are heavy bills for
fuel. and innnmerable families this
year have had little money to spend
for heating their homes. Many Of
them have huddled in kitchens about
the cookstove. The demands for
relief reach their maximum at this
time. The suspension of farm and
road work and much building con-
struction throws thousands upon the
lists of the public welfare depart
ments and charity societies.
1t is a time for the open heart
and open hand, for people to inquire
how the needy and unemployed are
suffering in their own home towns
and elsewhere. In many cities there
are complaints that relief funds are
inadequate. Our civilization is a
poor halting thing. if it permits peo-
pie to go hungry and shivering
through this winter.
Milford chronicle., 1933-02-24
RAmROAn TR0nnLEs

The American people are very
strong on investigating things, par
ticularly in their legislative bodies,
but they have a way of letting unde-
sirable conditions drag along for
years, until some crisis spurs them
to action. This remark applies par
ticularly to the difficulties of the
railroads, and to the high cost of
railroad transportation.
Now we have the very intelligent
report on railroad troubles present.
ed by the able committee of which
the late ex-President Coolidge was
chairman. Will this report be per-
mitted to gather dust on our library
shelves, without accomplishing any
thing in particular. as has been the
result of many other excellent re-
ports of investigating bodies? -
Or will the people say it is high
time that many or most of these
things were done, and done soon?
The troubles of the railroads have
led to the discharge of many thou
sands of railroad employees, con-
tributing a considerable share to
existing unemployment. Railroad
rates are too high, but if reduced
at this time, still more people would
be thrown out of work.
To enable the railroads to main-
tain their property, hire labor, give
service for u reasonable price, and
pay a little something to their own
ers, calls for prompt, decisive, aud
courageous action, by both railroad
and the government.
According to this survey, it is up
to the railroads to consolidate dup
licating services and systems, to cut
off improbable lines, and stop waste
full competition. The government
should not encourage destructive
and it should not thrOt-
lie these companies by excessively
strict regulation. Many railroads
nave a too heavy debt, and this bur
len will have to be reduced to load |
which the business can afford to |
carry, The country has been talk
ng about railroad troubles for
90 long time, and now 1t Is time to
10 something about them.
Milford chronicle., 1933-02-24
CHANGING OUR MINDS

When Seator Glass of Virginia
was asked why his present attitude
on bi-metailism seemed to have
changed since 1896, he remarked: !:
20 my heavens, would not want to
detain the senate by telling them
how many times I've changed my
mind in the last 40 years. always in
tile right direction, however ~
Good for the senator. We need
more like him, who can change
their minds. We have too many who
think just the same now as they did
40 years ago. Such ones have usual
ly stood still, while the procession
has passed them by and disappeared
out OF their sight.
Milford chronicle., 1933-02-24
AUTOMOBILE FATALITIES

Some congratulation is express
ed that the total number of automo-
bile accident fatalities in 1892 was
1000 less than in 1881. But as there
were $4,000 such pitiful deaths in
1882, old Father Time, who sweeps
down the world with his remorse-
less scythe. seems to be the only one
who can really cheer. .'gp@e
Twenty-nine thousand people sent
10 their graves last year BY antorno-
biIes, and hundred Of thousands in
jnred. Many wars show less fatal
records. When win our people say
that this tragic history must stop,
and measures be taken that shall
make our roads really safe?
Milford chronicle., 1933-02-24

Heart Junbles-Cream together
q cup butter and ! cup sugar.
When light and creamy add whites
of 2 eggs unbeaten, and continue
creaming. Add l teaspoon vanilla
and red vegetable coloring to make
the cookie dough pink. Add 3 to a
tablespoons cream and 2A cups
-four sifted with 2 teaspoons baking
powder TO make a dough that will
roll. Roll to about Is inek thick
ness. Shape using heart cutter and
in the center of each cooky place a
spoonful of Current Jelly. In an
other heart-shaped cooky cut two
or more small circles using a thim-
BILE which has been thoroughly
washed. Place the cut cooky over
the one with the jelly and press the
edges firmly together. Sprinkle with
granulated sugar and bake in
moderate oven (375'F).
Milford chronicle., 1933-02-24
POSTMASTER TO PRESIDENT

The little town of West Salem,
Illinois, has just celebrated the Tooth
anniversary of the appointment Of
Abraham Lincoln TO be postmaster Of
their burg. He took the. place Of
some old timer who was considered
TO have neglected his work. Young
Abe was so determined to make
good, that he put letters in his fun
ny old tall hat, and carried them
around to the scattered homes of
the neighborhood. e..
That was the extra touch that gave
him his start. He was determined
to do more than the other fellow. 1t
is doing more than your competitor
or predecessor that has pushed
men into high places.
Think of that. you young fellows
who wonder . why yon don't get
ahead!
Milford chronicle., 1933-02-24

Pink Fruit Punch-To glass
Currant Jelly and l cup graduated
sugar, add l quart boiling water
and stir until dissolved. Cool, add
juice of 6 lemons and 2 oranges.
Add 2 quarts more water. At serv-
ing time add ice TO chill. This re-
cipe will serve 20.
Washington Mounds - Beat 2
sgg wlii;es and 1z teaspoon salt un-
I'll gerry stiff. Add u cup sugar
gradually, beating it in with the
beater. Fold in 2 cups Rice Flakes,
mixed with q cup chopped nuts, u
to u cup candied cherries, chopped,
and z cup shreadded cocoanut. Add
H teaspoon almond or vanilla ex-
tract. Drop by tablespoonfuls on a
well-greased tin and bake in a
moderate oven (375'F.) for 10 min
utes or until firm.
Milford chronicle., 1933-02-24
By JOSEPHINE GIBSON
Director, Heinz Food Institute

children enjoy parties than Most
- remember parties that attended children and the good times
that had still stand minds So when the youngsters beg
have party plan for them all possible Such parties
need be elaborate the children difficult and
the refreshments be- and should be- extremely simple lee Cream
usually the keynote of such for welcome and
is healthful well for little folks.
The special days of this month excellent occasions parties and
the suggestions given below will help what
Valentine Menus
Ice Cream (Pink possible) Heart Jumbles*
Pink Fruit Punch+
Heart Candies
Creamed Chicken (Sprinke with small hearts of toas
Brown Bread Sandwiches (fIeart Shape)
Heart Cookies
Cocoa
Milford chronicle., 1933-02-24

crop will be next August.
Plant white potatoes in early
March-if weather permits-in Sus-
sex county.
Transplant trees and hardy plants
soon as March arrives.
Taxes for 1888 will be payable in
April for City of Milford.
Paint and paper the home now;
when people need the work.
Milford chronicle., 1933-02-24
SHORT sPRHNG.TIME NOTES

Robins and Cardinals have re-
turned for the 1888 season in Della
ware.
Flare-backs i'm weather are re-
minders that winter has several
weeks to run in Sussex County.
Trim grape vines in Febraruy and
earlier it is done, the better the
Milford chronicle., 1933-02-24
LUCKY THERE WAS AN OUTLET

Cantor - Did you see where Joe
Brown fell asleep in bath tub and
came close to drowning?
Wynn-No, old the water cover
him up?
Cantor-Fortunately not. He
sleeps with his mouth open.
Milford chronicle., 1933-02-24

MOVEMENTS to beautify the back
yards reported. and the easiest form
Of beautifcation is not TO dump
rubbish In them.
Milford chronicle., 1933-02-24

Many of our folks are willing 10
back up the community movements
by attending all free shows.
Milford chronicle., 1933-02-24

SOME folks don't seem happy un-
til they have proved that their home
town is a poor place to live in.
Milford chronicle., 1933-02-24

THE world passes us all by in a
great hurry. It takes advertising to
make it pay attention to anybody.
Milford chronicle., 1933-02-24

Chronicle Want Ads Pay. Try IL
Milford chronicle., 1933-02-24
A washington's Birthday Menu
Candies
Cocna
Cherry Gelatin

Cherry Gelatin Washington Mounds
Candies
Cocoa
% Indicates recipe given below.
Milford chronicle., 1933-02-24

@ Indicates recipe given helow.
Evening star., 1933-07-14

b-cn clear. too, that something must
BE- done to bring order cut Of tho
chaotic conditions of the oil industry
in this country. for the sake Of the
industry itself and for the sake of con-
servation of resources.
II the new industrial recovery act
can serve as an agent to relieve these
industries and others of their ills. can
bling worker ard employer more closely
together for the benefit Of both. can
help to improve living conditions
Throughout the country. 1t will. indeed.
have proved e great boon to the Nation
and will undoubtedly serve as an ex-
ample to the industries and the workers
in other lands. 1t Is quite true that
the operation Of the law Is still to
come. The cotton textile industry code
goes into effect next week, the first to
have been approved finally by the
President.
The suggestion that the Government
should undertake to manage the indus
tries CT the country came at first with
shock. The proposal embodied in
the new law, however. is that the in
dustries shall in effect manage them
selves. with the Government rs umpire.
Within recent days the fear has been
expressed that industry, fer selfish rea-
sons. would hang back ard that the
Government might be compelled to
cosrcc industries to submit codes or
draft the codes for the industries. This
fear. in the light of what happened yes
terday, appears to have been ground
less. The recovery administration will
be forced now to exert itself to the
fullest to give prompt consideration
to the flood of codes which has come
upon it.
Evening star., 1933-07-14
''MilliOns for Charity
Which Can't Be Spent
To the Editor Of The Star:

To the Editor CT The Star:
I was very much interested in the
article in the magazine section of The
Sunday Star written by Sidney A. Tan
nenbau.n and entitled, Millions for
Charity Which Can't Be Spent" I
don't know just how thoroughly Mr..
Tannenbaum investigated his subject
matter. but some statements were made
therein which I believe should be dis
PEELED from the public'.s mind
The article included picture Of the
John Edgar Thompson rightly endowed
orphanage in Philadelphia which. as the
article says. "cares only for girls whose
fathers were killed in railroad acci-
dents. and has a hard time finding in
mates" The article went on to say
that the trustees a fe.. years ago
were forced to advertise to round UP
girls eligible for aid under the provi-
sions of the fund. Twelve girls in all
were gathered together"
About 10 years ago I gave the trus-
tees Of the John Edgar Thompson Foun-
dation the names of three young girls
who, father had been killed in a rail-
road accident while an employe and in
the pursuance of his duties. After a
thorough investigation I was informed
their status was approved. but since the
orphanage could provide for only 35
girls their names were placed on the
waiting list. After nine and half years
of waiting I was advised last January
that since the two older girls were be-
yond school age they were interested in
the youngest girl and suggested that a
new application be executed Nothing
has been heard since Although this
foundation appealed to the courts to be
relieved of the letter of the Thompson
will on the ground that the $4,000
endowment could not be spent which
the court refused. and Notwithstanding
the statement by Mr.. Tannenbaum
that there are too few girls whose
fathers have been killed in railroad
accidents, the fact remains that the
foundation has steadfastly refused to
administer relief to those few girls
qualifying.
Mr.. Tannenbaums article treated the
subject from the standpoint of well
meaning but misguided philanthro-
pists' defeating their own philanthropic
desires by their weird wills. and at the
same time appearing to take the courts
to task for not more literally interpret
ing the wills for the convenience of the
trustees. But I think if Mr.. Tannen-
baum will study the problem more
closely he will find the real trouble is in
the trustees being unwilling to carry
out the intentions of the testators and
seek to substitute those intentions with
ideas of their own. And when the
courts refuse to allow this substitution
the trustees sulk and do nothing, with
the result that the money piles up. It's
deplorable condition, but don't blame
the courts Or the attorneys who draw
up the wills THOMAS A. DOYLE.
Evening star., 1933-07-14

Lived. and death brought no solution
for the mystery. Voltairc, the Marshal
Richelieu and the Cardinal &c Rohan
are listed among Its hardly less cele-
brated inhabitants. But the populace
exaggerated its Importance. The no.
ton that 1t was crowded with innocent
victims Of royal tyranny was incorrect.
1t was. however. symbol of injustice,
end as such 1t certainly deserved its
fate.
The story of Its capture and destruc-
tion has been told again and again, and
the tale has been embroidered with ro-
mantle details. In point Of fact. there
were only seven prisoners available for
relelse by the mob. Like many an
other monstrous myth, the real Bastille
was only an empty shell. But it was
razed to the ground, nevertheless.
Nearly century and half after its
fall its name retains its character of
infamy. Around its destruction the
idealism Of a nation takes form. Hence
the commemorative ceremonies of the
day. The occasion affords an oppor-
turity for an exchange of greetings
between France and the United States.
Evening star., 1933-07-14
Industrial Codes Declared
indispensable to Recovery

hour week-for a large number of its
citizens"
There is only one course for the adj
ministration in the event that important
industries prove consistently non-co7
operative" declares the Haverhill Gal
zette, land that is one of compelling
them to do what they should be doing
voluntarily Fortunately, the act gives
the administration the power to bring
recalcitrant industries into accord with
the purposes of the act The power Of
public opinion should be effective also,
We are on cur own now. e5 we never
have been before, and effective cooper
alton to improve our economic state is
essential"
"A certain percentage of every indus
try" AYERS the Danbury News-TimesI
''thr.veS by paurerizing the human ma
terial, making conditions which tho
ADLER men in the same industry havd
to follow. The sweat shops ere an ex1
ample in point These. paying wages
that were scarcely a pittance, imposed
upon others in the same line the neces1
sity of paying lower wages. Thu3
purchasing power of many thousandi
was decreased to vanishing point
This class of induStrialist will be forced
out. He will be rebellious and he will
have to be dealt with, according to th5
maxim of the President. that a busi}
ness which cannot pay living Wag{
has no right to exist Another class Of
industrialist. seeing business in a rel
vival. supposes that the good times VI
return unaided. and begins to arra1
himself against the new deal. But thu
larger sort of men see clearly that tn |
new production is mainly an anticipa
ton of the better day ahead. Stock
are being put in while all the conditionI
make for low prices"
The Charleston IS. c. Evening Pos
agrees that industry will be abld
through the provisions of the recovery
act. to establish standards that Wer
impossible under unrestricted compcti
ton" The Jersey City Journal sug
gests that lit is the hope of Gen. John
son that national recovery will be actu
ally at hand by the time any su
against the recovery officials has bee
fought through the courts
With a tribute to President RooSeve
as "a strong figure" the Topeka Dali
Capital says of this problem: "Th
greatest danger to managed industry b
political plan is inability to divid
national income to effect econom
equilibrium of all major factors. III
administration of the recovery act ap
preciates the Importance Of this prob
lem. and consequently stresses highe|
returns to labor before higher prices "a
goods, as we'll as higher prices for bas
commodities and farm products befor
higher prices for finished articles"
Evening star., 1933-07-14
Curing Industry's Ills.

As code after code for fair compe
tition IS filed by major industries with
the Industrial Recovery Administration
the need for reform becomes more and
more apparent to the general public.
1t is clear that not only is industry
to be served through the operation OF
the recovery act, but social justice is
to be advanced. Indeed, the recovery
of industry and greater justice to the
workers must of necessity go hand in
hand in this gigantic scheme to put
American industry in good order and
to aid in the general recovery of
business
The adoption of the codes of fair
competition means shcrter hours Of
labor. living wages, better conditions for
labor; it means also an end to cut
throat competition by unscrupulous
employers of labcr. The corollary of
higher labor costs and shorter hours
OF work will eventually be an increase
in prices Of goods to the consumer.
general public be increased first by
wider employment and better wages, the
higher prices will be accepted by the
public To have higher prices imme-
diately, before the purchasing power Of
the public has been raised considerably,
would be suicidal for the industries
which the Government is now seeking
to 2 ID
The call for more codes more quickly
has been met. The industrial recov-
cry administration has now before it
codes submitted by the lumber,
bituminous coal, oil, cloak and suit.
and contracting industries, with steel
in the offing Many codes of minor
industries have also been filed with the
recovery administration. The codes
reveal the ills from which the indus
tries have been suffering; they seek to
eradicate these ills. The soft coal in
duStry of the country has been
notoriollsly sick for years, with
too many coal mines and too many
miners to permit of economical and
sound operation. The cloak and suit
inSuz.ry has been the battlefield for
me- engagements between the work.
ezt ard the employees. It's chief dis
sTste has bsen the sweatshop. It has