davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1933-01-01

prevents the rapid drying of the ceiluloid and
also serves to press the solution about the hairs
or hbers. leaving them completely enveloped.
Where the ultimate impressions are desired
primarily for microscopic research, an oily red
stain is added to the celluloid.
After the mount has dried sufficiently. the
plaster is peeled off the slide. bringing with it
the celluloid cast of the entire circumference
of each hair or fiber but leaving the fiber or
hair itself attached to the slide. In this pro-
cess, a fissure is produced by each fiber the
lower side of the film. The thin sheet of cellu-
loid containing the impression is next cut from
the plaster frame and is placed thin slide
under cover glass which is bound in position
with gummed paper In this set-up, the sur
Evening star., 1933-01-01

face of the celluloid impression showing the
assures through which the fbers or hairs were
withdrawn is placed next to the slide. If de-
sired, the impression may be mounted between
two cover slips cemented together, in which
case it is immaterial which side is mounted
uppermoSt
Where the hairs are of unusually small
diameter, it is difficult to remove the celluloid
cast from all simultaneously without breaking
some Of them. Under SUCH conditions the
fibers are detached from the slide and removed
with the celluloid impression to avoid damage.
Each fiber Is subsequently extracted indiyidu-
ally from the film. The ends of the fbers pro-
tected under the adhesive plaster can be with
drawn easily with small tweezers Fibers of
Evening star., 1933-01-01

are told, "bequeathed to Madison. to govern
without Army Navy, and resist foreign
enemies without war" that lost the Battle of
BladenSburg, resulting in the burning Of WASH
ington and In humiiating the Nation. j.
When the writer lstens-in on the Marine
Band concerts one OF the things he likes best
is that stirring piece, THE Marine Hymn"
OF course. everybody knows the tune. but how
many know the words? Here is the first verse:
Prom the halls of Montezuma
To the shores of Tripoli:
We fight our country's battles
On the land as on the sea:
First to fight for right and freedom
And to keep our honor clean;
We are proud to claim the title
OF United States Marines"
And the writer Is sure we are all proud OF the
boys who have carried the American flag into
all parts Of the world. and who mean SO much
to our country, and especially for its protection
Evening star., 1933-01-01

TARTLING murder mysteries have de-
fed solution and eventually went to
seed because of the former impossibility
OF studying and Identifying black hairs
and fibers. Clues were available repeat
edlY in tie hairs ora sr,pd tann cin,,rirr ir,
Montana labor news., 1933-02-23
THE SENATE STRIKES AT FREE SPEECH.

Last week the U. S. senate voted to GUST David s..
Barry as its sergeant-at-arms. The senates action fol
lowed the publication of a magazine article by Barry IN
the New Outlook in which Barry made the following
statement:
Contrary, perhaps, to the popular belief, there are not
many crooks in congress, that is, out and out grafters or
those who are willing to be such; there are not many
senators or representatives who sell their votes for money,
and it is pretty well known who those few are; but there
are many d~emagogs of the kind that will vote for legis-
laion solely because they think that it will help their
political and social fortunes.
After much fuss and feathers, nonsensical debate and
interrogation, a vote was taken. Seventeen senators
voted for Barry; 50 voted to throw him out.
David S. Barry is a mild conservative. He held the
office of senate sergeant-at-arms for IA years as a po-
litical plum. He drew his $4,000 annual salary and
jauntly went his way, bothering no one. On the side
Mr.. Barry is president of the Pathfinder Publishing Co..
which publishes the well known Washington weekly.
MI. Barry's statements in the New Outlook article are
congratulations of the sort that fly fast and frequent in
every election campaign. That such language should be
considered alarming at this time is surprising, although
it may have been poor judgment and bad taste for a
senate sergeant-at-arms to generalize about crooks in
when unprepared to furnish specific details.
The very senators who voted for his discharge, Progress
sives included, have on a number of occasions charged
in the national government and forced utility,
tariff, and election probes.
The issue in the Barry case is purely that of free speech.
However tactless Mr.. Barry may have been, he was ex-
pressing himself about a legislative body supposedly
composed of public servants. Although the language
of his article makes the logic difficult, he said that he
sought to defend the honesty of legislators rather than to
attack 1t. But suppose his purpose was to attack both
representatives and senators? Should he feel that be-
cause he is a member of the senate staff he should re-
main silent about situations inimical to good, honest,
public interest government?
The democrats, conservatives and progressives who
voted to expel Mr.. Barry last week did not add a great
1eal to their craftsmanship stature. His conservatism,
lis politics, and the fact that he was senate sergeant-at-
Montana labor news., 1933-02-23
A GOOD CIGARETTE.

A great cigarette named after a great horse has ap-
peared on the market. The name of it is Twenty
Grand" This cigarette compares favorably with any
brand of higher price on the market. Furthermore It
is A UNION MADE D THROUGHOUT. THE
CKA HAS H LABEL OF H TWO UNIONS
WHO MADE H PACKAGE. 1T ALSO BEARS THE
LABEL OF H TOBACCO WORKERS UNION.
THREE UNION LABELS ON ONE PACK OF CIGA-
RETTES. Is this a union product? 1t is completely union
made and packed. What is the price of this product,
you ask? The workmen receive the highest wages in the
field and you would expect it to be the highest priced
product on the market If you do expect it YOU are
PER PACKAGE. Try a pack. BUY UNION.
Montana labor news., 1933-02-23
SOMETHING HAS
BROKEN DOWN"
--FORD

NEW YORK-(FP)-What hap
pened behind the scenes when Mich
igan banks closed for II 1-2 days?
Certain facts stand out from the
welter of rumors, claims and charges:
1. Last July, when Chicago banks
were popping daily, bankers tried to
hide the facts about Detroit banking
institutions by cooking up an obvious
ly faxed Communist whispering plot"
story. Arrests were to take place in
AZ hours. None came.
2. The Union Guardian Trust Co.
is the main link in a half billion dol
lar bank chain controlled by auto
barons. On its board are: Edsel Ford,
Henry's son; the president of the
Packard Motor Co.; the chairman of
the REQ Motor Co.; one of the Fisher
brothers, and w. 0. Briggs, president
of the Briggs Mfg. Co. against which
workers recently struck. A holding
company, the Guardian Detroit Union
Group, CONTROLS the chain; it's presi-
dent, Ernest Kanzler, is also president
of the Universal Credit Co., a subsid-
larry of the Ford Co., organized to fl
nance auto sales on the installment
plan. H. K. Bodman, chairman of the
holding corporations executive COM
is vice-president of Packard.
the holding company's direct
ors is Roy D. Chaplin, Hoover's sec
of commerce.
3. The Union Guardian recently ap-
to the Reconstruction Finance
Corp. for a $50, 0OO, 900 loan. Ford
had a T,500,000 deposit in the shaky
'ank, and, according to the Detroit
Continued on Page Threel
Montana labor news., 1933-02-23
THE MONTANA LABOR NEWS

numbering from twelve to fifteen million working mer
md women who are unemployed largely because the ma
hines have taken their jobs.
The absurdity of this position is conclusively shown
3y the report made by the International Labor Office tt
he conference on hours of work and unemployment re
neld at Geneva under the auspices of the Inter
rational Labor Organization. The report said:
while the general proposition that scientific
progress ultimately creates as much employment as
it destroys may be valid under theoretically ideal
conditions of perfectly free markets and complete
mobility of capital and labor, there is nothing either
in economic theory or in recent experience to sug-
gest that such a proposition will hold under the con-
ditions of the modern world.
'"There is, moreover, strong reason a priOri, when
the rates Of technical change and labor displacement
are high, to expect that the time-lag between dis
placement and transcription will be substantial, if
only for the reason that displaced workers cannot
Immediately be put in touch even with such oppor-
tunities for employment as may exist.
"While progress in the technique of production
has been rapid, there has in most countries been no
corresponding improvement in the rapidity with
which displaced labor can find new jobs or migrate
from one area to another in search of them.
Man is still, of all baggage, the most difficult to
transport, and so long as the occupational and geo.
graphical mobility Of labor and the efficiency of its
distribution among different avenues and places of
employment are not improved at a rate correspond
ing to accelerated technical change, there is reason to
expect the persistence of a higher volume of tech
biological unemployment.
"There is, in fact, a real danger that if a revival of
prosperity should again accelerate the rhythm of
technical change the volume of unemployment due
to this cause may not merely persist, but further in
crease.
with the mass of fragmentary evidence on the
subject which has accumulated in the past few years
including the results of numerous enquiries into
the numbers displaced in specific industries by the
introduction of new methods-they suggest that
chronological unemployment has become a real fac
tor in the present depression and must be reckoned
with for a considerable time to come"
The report declared that reduction in the length of thu
work day and work week is one sure way to provide worl
or the unemployed.
The report also emphasized the necessity Of legal lin
tation on the hours of labor. Otherwise when business
ecovery begins employers would arbitrarily increase
by frightening the work day and work weel
# employed workers instead of putting the unemployed
o work.
This legal limitation is proposed in the United States
~ the bill sponsored by Senator Black of Alabama ano
representative Connery Of Massachusetts, supported by
he American Federation of Labor, which makes the
day and five-day week mandatory throughout
he Nation for industries whose products enter interstate
commerce.
Montana labor news., 1933-02-23
UNoRGANIZED WORKERS vICTIMIzED.

"A Starving example OF What happens to workers When
they are unorganized comes from Pennsylvania. Wages
in factories as low as $1.65 for two weeks work have
been found by Miss Charlotte Carr, deputy secretary of
the State Department of Labor and Industry. The work
ers who are thus so cruelty exploited are Of course I'M
organized.
Apparently there is no depth to which wages for
women and children in Pennsylvania cannot go" Miss
Carr told a meeting of %clergymen in Philadelphia. "At
the same time that most factories are not working at all,
too many others are working overtime"
She said that in some cases women and children are
eklng out an existence at starvation pay while husbands
and fathers are seeking in vain for jobs.
Similar examples of the exploitation of workers dur
ing the depression were recently revealed by the Con-
sumers League in New York canning plants, where I'M
organized workers were found toilng long hours at
wages no better than those Of 25 years ago. The same
condltlon exists wherever the workers are unorganized
and therefore at the mercy Of greedy and inhuman en-
ployers.
Montana labor news., 1933-02-23
MACHINERY AND UNEMPLOYMENT

Employers introduce NOTWITHSTANDING machinery SO
that a few working men and women will produce as
much or more wealth in a given time than the larger
number of workers with the old machinery.
Some out-of-date business leaders and their parasitic
banyhooers among journalists and economists insist on
maintaining the impossible position that the workers thus
thrown into the unemployed army find employment in
ly no such thing as unemployment caused by employers
setting up iron workers to take the place of workers made
of flesh and blood.
They shout this tommyrot from the housetops despite
Montana labor news., 1933-02-23

Marsh included in his remarks a state
ment that the Black bill establishes
the right of the federal government to
legislate on social standards for the
nation"
He also answered Emery's sugges-
ton that it would be a violation of the
antitrust laws for a group of oil COM
panies to agree to put a 3O-hour limit
on their work-week, by saying that
in that case, Teagle's share-the-work
plan is likewise a violation of the an
THRUST law, and Teagle should be pro-
tected by such a measure as the Black
bill.
T. j. Hogan, former secretary of
State of Montana, was one of the
most effective witnesses yet heard.
He warned the committee that unless
some such measure is quickly adopted,
all patching-up of the old economic
system will come too late. He de-
scribed the utter misery and despera-
ton of the hungry unemployed and
the evicted farmers in many regions,
and urged quick action.
Montana labor news., 1933-02-23

It was stated by the committee making the report that
Bean had intended going home on a mattress in a fliv-
yer of a friend, but when they found that he had four
dollars coming, after adding the fees, they sent him home
in an ambulance.
This accident happened last September. Mr.. Bean,
since that time, has been compelled to purchase a brace
for his back (out of his own money!, and has to go to
the hospital again to have some of the bones removed
from his foot. He has been told that he must pay the
entire cost out of his own pocket. He has also been
told that he will never be able to work at his trade and
will be unable to do any kind of work for at least II
months. Requesting further hospital compensation, he
was told that he had already used up the $4,000 and
the insurance company would grant no more aide.
Had Mr.. Bean been INSURED UNDER N PLAN
OUTSIDE OF PLAN TWO HE COULD, ON H REC
OMMENDATION OF THE INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENT
BOARD, BE GIVEN FURTHER AID, CONSIDERING
THE SERIOUSNESS OF HIS INJURY. UNDER L
TWO, THE PLAN UNDER WHICH HIS EMPLOYER
CARRIES INSURANCE, HE IS HELPLESS.
1t is a sorry state of affairs when an injured man, in
jured through no carelessness of his own, and hopelessly
injured, cannot at least secure adequate medical atten-
ton for his injuries because he lacks the funds. Who
is to blame for such a condition? The blame can be
placed upon two things:
First of all, the blame can be placed upon our method
of medical care. Cases, such as this, show the need for
socialized medical attention and municipally-owne hos
pitfalls. Under our present system, only two classes can
secure proper care: the pauper, who is a charity patient,
and the wealthy, who can afford to pay the cost of the
service. The common worker is helpless as is the white
collared salaried man of modest income. The fees, list
ed IN the Bean case, may seem small enough to the Med
ical Association, but to the common worker in Butte, it
means almost six months wages. 1t means more than
that when the worker knows his injury will probably be
permanent. Sociaized medicine and disqualification
would help remove the evil connected with cases such as
this.
In the second place, the blame can be fixed upon PLAN
TWO of our compensation laws. The insurance COM
panies who carry such insurance are interested primarily
in profit, not in suffering humanity. Under any other
plan this evil could not have happened. The complete
cost of disqualification would have been taken care of.
The LABOR MOVEMENT in Montana is fighting for
the abolition of Plan Two and the Bill to abolish it has
passed the House. It is now up to the Senate. WRITE
YOUR SENATOR IN HELENA N ASK HIM TOI
VOTE FOR H BILL THAT WILL ABOLISH PLAN
TWO OF THE COMPENSATION LAWS. DO 1T NOW.
WASTE NO | COMPENSATION LAWS ARE
MADE TO PROTECT SUFFERING N EXPLOITED|
N O FOR THE PERSONAL PROFIT
OF INSURANCE COMPANY STOCKHOLDERS.
Montana labor news., 1933-02-23

arms should not have entered into the consideration of
his case. AS an American citizen he had expressed his
views, however poorly, about one of the three branches
of our national government. Because those views, in
terpreted variously, offended a touchy U. S. senate, he
lost his job. The senate's action seems to make sacro-
sanct the higher-ups in the government service. The
lower-downs who dare discuss or criticize their bosses
may tremble for their lives.
Montana labor news., 1933-02-23

ton ?"
He answered the first question in
the negative. Congress, he argued,
was forbidden by the federal consti-
tuition to regulate production of com.
modities within the States. And
even if the Supreme Court were pre-
sumed to be likely to reverse its de-
cision on this point in the case of the
child labor law which it nullified in
1918, still the policy would be ruinous,
For it would "limit the earning power
of u citizens" and make them per-
manent slaves of statutory denial of
employment for longer hours than 30
a week." Solemnly he warned the
senators against the violent assump-
ton" set out by Black that unless
work hours r reduced by federal law,
the present economic civilization may
be overthrow.
Black replied that Congress has an
absolute right to prevent the sending
through channels of trade anything
which Carries the germs of death to
our economic system"-as does I'M
checked production of commodities to-
day. Capitalist society must not be
poisoned, Black declared, by a destruc-
tive m which can be stopped,
and the body polite rendered healthy
once more, by establishing a shorter
work-week. To which Emery respond
ed by a threat to fight the issue
through Congress and all the courts.
s*s
Benjamin c.. Marsh, secretary of
the Joint Committee on Unemploy-
ment, endorsed the Black bill in a
brief and telling speech. He said the
30-hour week must be established "be-
cause people may share jobs but can
not share stomachs." He agreed that,
theoretically, the Teagle share-the-
work scheme would help to maintain
living standards for those who got
part-time work after being unemploy-
ed. But practically this was untrue.
IF a worker shares his job with an
other he robs his family of the birth
right of every family to an American
standard Of living. Establishing the
30-hour work-week by law, establish
the right of the worker to a wage
for this 30-hour week which will main
tain an American standard of living.
challenges the theory that workers
Of every sort exist to enrich land spec
~llators, stockholders, and financial ex-
and it establishes the prin-
,iple that labor is the first fixed
upon industry, taking preced-
,nce over any and every investment of
,apital."
Sen. Black fought the LaFollette-
,ostigan hunger relief bill last spring,
the ground that its administrative
Ian was an attempt to interfere with
he social standards of the South"
Montana labor news., 1933-02-23
WHO IS TO BLAME?

Last Tuesday night the Council was given an account
of an injury, received by a Butte workman and his strug-
gle with the insurance companies in receiving adequate
compensation. An account was also given of the charges
made at a local hospital, that ate up the allotted medical
care in short order.
The worker is one Harry Bean, a member of the
Building Laborers' union. A faulty board in a scaffold-
ing at the Butte Post Office was responsible for a fall
of 45 feet. His back was injured, one foot smashed to
a jelly and II bones broken in another foot. He was
taken to the hospital and there treated for seven weeks.
Under the Montana Compensation laws he was allowed
$500 for medical and hospital care. At the end of seven
weeks he was sent home, O BECAUSE HE WAS
CURED, BUT BECAUSE THE $500 HAD BEEN USED
UP as follows:
Medical care e weeks) $1,000 90
X-Rays 5000
Care of room and ambulance .. 5000
Room 1860
Ambulance 400
$780, 90
Montana labor news., 1933-02-23
WASHINGTON E

Continued from Page Onel
ported by facts or merely by specula-
ton ?"
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1933-03-21
Drawings for
Class 3 Made

Mohall will clash with Grafton in
the first game of the Glass B state
championship basketball tournament
at Valley City state teachers college
Friday afternoon, it was announced
Tuesday morning by j. G. Gould,
Mandan, member Of the athletic
board of control.
Drawings were conducted by DR..
G. E. Allen, president of the Valley
City college, at the request Of Fred
G. Spaulding, athletic director at the
school who will be tournament man
ager.
The first round:
!. Mohall VS.. Grafton at 3 p. m.
2. Carson VS.. Cando at 4 p. m.
8. Paramount VS. Max at 8 p. m.
4. Benson County Aggies OF Mad
dock VS.. New Salem at 8 p. m.
Semi finals will be played at &c
and IL a. m. Saturday, with the win
nerS of games and 2 in the first
penultimate and winners of games !
and in the second.
Losers of Fridays games meet IL
the consolation round Saturday aft
ernoon.
Three games are scheduled for Sat-
urday night, that for the consolation
championship, that for third place
between the losers of the semi finals
and that for tine Glass B champion.
ship.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1933-03-21
Fargo :Batder Is
Beaten By Knauer
Sherald Kennard Goes Down
For Count Of Nine in
Fourth Chapter

st. Paul, March 2l.-(FeFrankie
Knauer of Eagle River, Wis.,, out
pointed Sherald Kennard Of Fargo
here Monday night, but only after
q hard fight.
Knauer carried too many guns for
the Fargo boy, and In the fourth
round of the six-round contest put
Kennard down for q count Of nine
with a crashing left to the jaw. Ken
nard was up in time to catch q with
ering Sarrage Of blows, but lasted out
the round, although apparently out
on his feet.
He recovered nicely, and came out
fighting for the fifth which was about
even and although shaded In the last
round fought all the way.
The bout started slowly with Ken
nard unable to solve Knauer's
crouching style. The second and
third rounds also were slow. In the
fourth Kennard started punching but
caught the left hook to the chin that
spilled him.
Jackie Sharkey OF Minneapolis out
pointed Wayne Short Of st. Paul In
six rounds.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1933-03-21
Ada Wins Right to
Enter State Meet

st. Paul, March 21.-tR-The bas-
ketball championship Of the eighth
region, Minnesota state high school
league, was settled Monday night
when Thief River Falls forfeited its
playoff game to Ada after an inves-
tigation revealed the Providers were
using an ineligible student, Arnold
STADIUM.
It was the second forfeiture within
the region during the last two days
and gives Ada the right to meet
Chisholm at 3 p. m. in the opening
game Of the state tournament at the
Minneapolis auditorium Thursday af-
ternoon.
The Providers and Ada were to have
played Monday night after Bemidji,
winner Of the tournament at Crooks
ton last week, was disqualified because
Marvin Connolly, center. had reached
10 years Of age and was In his 10th
semester.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1933-03-21
American League Boasts EDGE So Far
Junior Circuit Has 10 to 8 Mar.
gin Over National in
Spring Games

New York, March 21-(R)-The first
tabulation Of spring training exhibi-
ton game results reveals q slight
edge for American League teams over
their National League brethren.
Eighteen games between the two
major circuits have been played in
the grapefruit" league SO far and
the American League has captured 10
against eight for the National.
The spring training season evident
ly makes strange "bed-fellows" for
the two leaders from an American
League standpoint are the world
champion New York Yankees and the
Boston Red sox. last place finishers
In 1892.
The Yankees have captured four
decisions and dropped only one to the
National League while the Red sox
have perfect record Of two victories
and no defeats. The Athletics and
Chicago White Sox have been the
principal sufferers, dropping q total
OF seven games to older circuit teams.
For the National League, the New
York Giants, with two victories and
no defeats, and the Brooklyn Dodgers,
with two triumphs in three starts,
are the only clubs with an average Of
better than 500.