davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Imperial Valley press., 1933-03-18
Shoes Needed In
Earthquake Area

A message received by Com
inander Harry Woodbury., of Boyce
Aten Post, American Legion, from
Legion officials at Long Beach, ad-
vises against sending foodstuffs to
that area
The letter, signed by L. F. Olson,
acting disaster chairman, Ameri-
can Legion, emphasizes that cloth
ing and shoes, particularly mems
shoes, are badly needed and should
be sent either to Compton or to
Long Beach.
PAY no attention to radio broad
casts, the message states, "either
commercial or amateur, request
ing food, until broadcast by Col. o.
C. Wyman, or Ole Olson
Imperial Valley press., 1933-03-18
BIG YEAR FOR RESEARCH

MADISON, Wis. tU.P)-SiteS OF
three trading posts, battle-ground
and 10 cemeteries, as well as a spir-
it stone shrine, a herb collecting
ground, and numer S isolated
graves and mound groups were dis
covered during 1882 in field re-
searches by the Wisconsin Histori-
cal Museum, in cooperation with
state and local archeologistS.
Imperial Valley press., 1933-03-18

proudly displaying the club pins
which finally arrived. The pins are
very attractive small gold ones with
a gold guard attached, Only girls
who have shown active service in
the club were eligible to receive or
wear these pins.
In the Fri6ay meeting, Martin
Weiss of the F. F. A. presented the
student body with cup that had
been won by the local chapter at
the county fair,
Imperial Valley press., 1933-03-18
OLD UNITY BOOKS WANTED

Those who have old numbers Of
Unity publications which they are
willing to give away are asked to
rotify the Valley Unity center at
100 North Sixth.
The center is receiving an ever
increasing demand FOR unity liter
ature for free distribution and at
present is unable to meet the de-
mand. For this reason, the request
is made.
Imperial Valley press., 1933-03-18
Kiwoniors Hear
Prof. Richardson

DR.. Leon j. Richardson was the
speaker at the regular weekly
meeting of the Kiwanis club at the
Barbara Worth hotel yesterday
noon.
He told of the benefit scientists
at various universities were in COM
batting diseases and plant pests
and of the thousands of dollars
they saved the country. DR.. R. C..
Clemons was chairman of the day.
Imperial Valley press., 1933-03-18
PUBLISHERS MERGED

NEW YORK, March Is. U.P)-
Two leading publishing houses -
D. Appleton and company and the
Century company = have merged
and will be known henceforth as
D. Appleton Century company. The
consolidation, under consideration
for several years, will effect savings
in overhead.
Imperial Valley press., 1933-03-18
DANIELS SWORN IN

RALEIGH, N. c., March 18. U.P)
-Josephus Daniels, World war
secretary of the navy, took the
oath of office as United States
ambassador to Mexico here today.
He was sworn in by his brother,
Judge Frank Daniels of the North
Carolina superior court, in the
state supreme court chamber.
Imperial Valley press., 1933-03-18
PORTUGAL WILL VOTE

LISBON, March 18. U.P) - After
seven years of military dictator
ship. Portugal votes tomorrow
return to constitutional government
through a new draft constitution.
At the same time the voters will be
asked to extend the term of office
of the present president of the re-
public, General Antonio Oscar de
Fragoso Carmona, for two years.
Imperial Valley press., 1933-03-18
BARE STILL UNSIGNED

ST. PETERSBURG, Fla, March
%. U.P)-The conference between
Babe Ruth and Colonel Jacob Rup-
pert today, at which they were eX-
pected to settle Ruth's holdout &C
tivities, ended in disagreement.
Colonel Ruppert held to his offer
of $4,000 and the home run slug
ger was just as firm in his demand
for $4,000.
Imperial Valley press., 1933-03-18
SCOTLAND SOIL IN TEXAS

AUSTIN, Tex. U.pi-During the
World War a ship from Glasgow
ran into Galveston with sand bal
last to load with war supplies for
Europe. The ballast was unloaded
near the Southern Pacific Railway
station grounds when the. ship be-
gan to take on cargo. A railroad
gardner used the sand for his
shrubbery designs.
Imperial Valley press., 1933-03-18
INJURIES PROVE FATAL

LOS ANGELES. March 10. W.Y-
Injuries she suffered when she fell
IN the bathtub of her home at
Ihe time of the severe earthquake
Friday night caused the death here
today of Mrs. Layina Myers, 80.
Imperial Valley press., 1933-03-18
SOVIET RECALLS ENVOY

MOSCOW, March 18. U.Pj-The
Russian ambassador to Berlin, Leo
Chintschuk, has been summoned to
Moscow to discuss Soviet-German
relations. 1t is assumed he will de-
scribe the situation created by
Chancellor Hitler's speech attack
ing conditions in the Soviet Union,
as well as other episodes since Hit
Ter took office.
Imperial Valley press., 1933-03-18
NAMED TO COUNCIL

LOS ANGELES, March 18. CU.H
j. T. Carroll, formerly clerk OF
the supreme court of Montana, is
now member of the Los Angeles
city council, appointed to fill the
uneXpired term of Former Council
man Thomas F. Ford, recently elec-
ted to congress. Carroll will serve
until July l.
Imperial Valley press., 1933-03-18
SETS NEW RECORD

LOS ANGELES, March 18. U.D
With 58-mile tail wind push
ing him along, Avery Black brought
Varney Line plane from San
Francisco to Los Angeles in one
hour, 26 minutes last night, a new
record for the trip.
Imperial Valley press., 1933-03-18
Y y 'NliEaath@!
LOS ANGELES AND VICINITY

Fair weather and little change in
temperature tonight and Sunday;
moderate humidity and gentle to
moderate northerly winds.
LOCAL WEATHER
Minimum this morning ................4 AS
Maximum yesterday ....................... 80
Imperial Valley press., 1933-03-18
(Il*<IGzS s
L. A. Poultry

LOS ANGELES. March 18. W.P)-
Following are today's market quo
tations.
Hens, Leghorns, 2A to 81 lbs. ..12c
Hens, Leghorns, 3A to lbs. ....12c
Hens, Leghorns, lbs. and up ....12c
Hens, colored, 3A to 4 lbs.......--l3c
Hens, colored, over lbs. and up 14c
Broilers, to pa lbs. .................11c
Broilers, = to pa lbs. ..............l3c
FryerS, Leghorns. 2A to 312 lbs. lac
Fryers, colored, 2A to 315 lbs....17c
Roasters, soft bone, 3k lbs. up....17c
Old ROSTERS ................................
Duckling, Pekin, lbs. and up lie
Olo ouckS lOc
GeeSc
Toun gtoms, Is lbs. and up ...15c
Young toms, dressed, IL lbs. up Ice
Hen turkeys, 9 lbs. and up ......15c
Hen turkeys, dressed, 8 lbs. up l6c
Old tom turkeys .................-..-.........l2c
Old toms dressed ....................-.15c
SQUADS, under IL lbs. per dz. ....l5c
Squads, II lbs. per dz. and up .-..20c
Capons, dressed, under lbs. ...23c
Capons, dressed, 6 lbs. and up ....23c
Rabbits, No. white, to lbs ...9c
Rabbits, No. mixed colors, 3
to lbs. sees.
? PApbits. No. l. ole ..........-...........--..5c
The Washington times., 1933-07-13
HORIZONTAL

HORIZONTAL
What village In Virginia was
the frat English settlement In
America?
9-What suburb Of London, Eng
land, is the site of the Royal
Botanical Gardens?
I2-What canal extends from Buff
falo to Albany, N. VI
18-Century-plant
14-Notable period
15-To perceive by the touch
16-Swampy ground
17-Conjunction
18-Agitates the air
l9-Evening before q church fesd-
val
2O-Consumed
21-What noted American humor-
lat and playwright 10 author Of
Fable: in Slans"3
G2-Twice
E+Is borne
Gs-ConventiOnal term Of respect
(pl.)
B0-Musical note
B1-Cringing
$50 purify
35-Preposition
36-One who foretelis events
S8-Wants
89-Condensed moisture
4O-To instigats
42-A father
43-JoTt
44-Lowly
47-To fasten with needle, and
thread
48-Ascent
49-Bone Of the forearm
60-Sooner than
61-Wind-instrument
62-Chant
63-Being in the abstract
S4-Lookout Mountain 10 located
in which of the u. 81
VERTICAL
l-What American statesman and
u. S. President drafted the
Declaration of Independence? ?
1Open space
8-Bearing
+Elongated fish (pl.)
NReclaimed from q wild state
6-Evergreen trees cultivated for
oil
Had ON
The Washington times., 1933-07-13
By Joan Clayton
By Tuthlll
BY Cliff Sterrett
BY Rube GOLDBERG

man still o little limp, Haver-
holt brisk and authoritative,
anxious to get the matter COM
pleted. Clark glanced signifi-
cantly at Patricia.
Julian will have his own
way" he predicted.
"He WILL" conceded Patricia
proudly.
"Your uncle is a most re-
markable man."
Patricia flushed. "He is" she
agreed.
Julian is crazy about you,
too," Clark pursued with tn e
kindlieSt of impulses. "Ordi-
narily, I think of him as being
q self-sufficient sort Of person,
but on the subject Of his niece
he grows positively lyrical.
Talked Of nothing except you
all the way uptown"
The conversation had taken
O turn which made Patricia un-
easy and anxious. She did not
wish to discuss Julian Haverholt
with Clark Tracy, certainly not
in this fashion. She felt baffled,
troubled, uncertain, a little
frightened. Clark himself, see
ing her confusion, not under
standing it at all, shifted the
channel Of talk.
(To Be Continued)
The Washington times., 1933-07-13
'KNAVE'S GIRL

(COntinued from Magazine Page.
certainly like to know how your
pet desire happened to take
such a sudden and definite
form"
Patricia did not tell him.
The next afternoon promptly
ct 3 o'clock Patricia appeared
ct the Madison automobile
Ehowrooms. Julian Haverholt
had promised to meet her
here. At IA minutes after 3
he had not yet arrived. Re
calling his oft-repeated state
ment that he never waited for
anyone, that people always
waited for him, Patricia smiled
rather grimly. Not that she
minded waiting this afternoon.
It was pleasant to sit in the
luxurious showroom with a
magazine provided by a deferen-
tial salesman lying across her
lap, pleasant to realize that
she looked as well as any of
the smart women who Strolled
about inspecting the cars on
display, talking of custom-made
bodies and special upholstery.
Tracy Again
Suddenly through the plate
glass windows she Spied Julian
Haverholt alighting from a taxi.
Another man followed him to
the sidewalk. They stood talk
The Washington times., 1933-07-13

ing a minute, arguing, 1t
seemed. Patricia's heart began
to beat hard and fast. The
second man was Clark Tracy.
The two came in together.
Patricia was smiling, out
wardly composed, when they
approached her. She extended
a slim, cool hand in greeting.
II didn't expect to see you,
Mr.. Tracy"
Her tone was dignified and
gracious, but her color was a
little high.
IT didn't expect to be here:
only I ran into Julian and he
was good enough to let me come
along"
II suppose you've picked out
half a dozen cars by now," COM
mented Haverholt amusedly, en-
joying her flushed cheeks and
starry eyes. This is no place
to keep a young woman wait
ing. 1 should have known bet
ter"
mo. you're wrong" Patricia
told him seriously. From the
very first I've settled on the
yellow roadster, the one over
there" She pointed. The
roadster was sleek and low and
flashing in the sunshine. Pa
tricia drew a long breath. isn't
it perfectly Stunning2" she de-
manded.
The Washington times., 1933-07-13

lite, uneager man, willing to
give the trio all the leisure they
wished. Super-salesmanship had
no place in the Madison organ
ization. In Mr.. Browns modest
estimation. he, by selling .
Madison, was conferring q dis
tinct favor upon the lucky
buyer. Still, Mr.. Brown was
agreeably startled by the speed
Of this transaction.
"You needn't bother showing
us anything" Haverholt in
formed him. MY niece has de-
Cided upon the roadster" He
indicated with his stick the
proper car and felt for his bill
fold. II believe I have sufficient
cash and we'd like immediate
delivery"
Julian Is Lyrical
Immediate delivery" mur-
INJURED the dazed Mr.. Brown.
feeling the reins Of authority
slip out Of his hands. That's q
little irregular, Mr.. Haverholt,"
he suggested. "It usually takes
US several days"
There's no reason. Is there.
why Miss Haverholt can't have
the car on the floor?"
I'm afraid that isn't possible.
We'd better consult the man
ager."
The two men disappeared into
the managers office. the sales
The Washington times., 1933-07-13

Herewith is the solution to
Tuesdays puzzle.
The Washington times., 1933-07-13

Doctors Wife-So you told
that patient to diet?
Doctor-Yes, ordered him to
eat only the very plainest food,
and very little Of it.
Wife-Do you think that will
help him to get well?
Doctor-It will help him to
save money SO he can pay my
bill.
LouiSe-The screen shows
bathing girls on the beaches,
in swings, on porches, in
restaurants and on the streets.
Josephine-YeS, they show
them everywhere except in
bathing.
The Washington times., 1933-07-13
SNAPPy WISE-CRACKS

First Applicant suppose
you knocked 'em cold when you
took that Civil Service exam
ination?
Second Ditto-Yes, they gave
me zero.
He-You are the sunshine Of
my life, darling.
She-Oh, Cuthbert!
He-You reign alone in my
heart.
She-Oh, Cuthbert
He-With you at my side I
could weather any storm
She-ExcuSe me, Cuthbert,
but is that a proposal or q wea-
ther report?
The Washington times., 1933-07-13

Her voice was full Of youth
and rapture. The mems eyes
met over her head. They
smiled together.
II should guess that you
were a little excited" suggested
Clark, slowly, appreciatively,
looking down at, her. In o
kind of sudden surprise, 1t
struck him that Haverholt'S
niece was an exceptionally
beautiful girl.
That blazing hair was perfect
The Washington times., 1933-07-13

8-Born
9-What noted English poet was
author Of ''Endymion".3
10-Bird
11-Small compact mass
20-PassagewayH
21-In an oblique position
22-Carry
pa clergyman's dwelling
26-Tavern
2e-Prefx meaning "down"
27-Relieved
29-On the supposition that
S0-Gave nourishment
32-Biblical pronoun
34-Chemical symbol for Tellurium
37-Cause
39-What celebrated Americas
soldier and statesman became
u. s. Ambassador to England
after having served az Vice.
President of the u. s.?
41-A color
42-Whom did President RoOss-
velt select as Secretary Of
War in his cabinets George
H. ........?
A3-To shift from one side Of q yes
sal to the other
44-To disarrange
45-Ancient Grecian country
46-What English queen was the
last of the Stuart soversignsH
47-Observe
48-Decay
The Washington times., 1933-07-13
Love Story Of a Bridge Queen

with her clear. petal-like skin.
She was natural and unaf-
fected, too; q charming child.
all in all.
Simply jumping up and
down inside" she confessed
gayly.
"A grand feeling, isn't it?"
''It's swell"
The salesman appeared, "Our
Mr.. Brown" Suave. correct in q
morning coat, wearing q gar
denia in his buttonhole, q po-
The Washington times., 1933-07-13

"T see very much in your col.
umn about my cousin Mrs.
Roger Burr ughs. I have
another club member. His name
is Burton Hilleary, Of 4O7 Sixth
st. S. w. He is 9 years old.
Please enroll them"
The Washington times., 1933-07-13
Washington Times
Adventure Club

His friends call Maurice
Andrew Hubscher, 1924 E st.
N. E., "Tarzan."
So, since we number our
selves among his friends, we
are going to call Maurice
Andrew "Tarzan" in the future.
Today, incidentally, is Tar
zan" birthday anniversary. He Is
years old. He wrote us couple
Of days ago that he was Eek
pecting a nice time" We hope
his expectations will be realized
and that he will have the
incest time of his career.
He has two brothers who, he
writes, will join the club later.
We wonder why not now.
Asks To Be Enrolled
Lefty Schafer, Glendale, Md:
"Please enroll me as q mem
ber Of the Adventure Club. My
cousin, also wants to join. Her
name is Frances Gransee, 10
years old. and her birthday is
March II. Please send her
membership card to HammOnds
Ferry Road, Linthicum Heights.
Md. This is q surprise to her.
"Please send our cards as soon
as possible. I wrote a story and
/ will send it as soon as I copy
it."
Sends New Member
Mary Milburn Henry, 616 D
st. s. W.:
81 am an old member Of your
club.
81 am sending q new mem
ber, my cousin Judith Limerick.
She is writing to you too.
The Washington times., 1933-07-13
CONGRATULATIONS

CONGRATULATIONS
Members Of our club
celebrating their birthday
anniversaries today include
Virginia Birces, 14OO Twenty
fifth st. S. E.: Mary Agnes
Jones, 1882 A st. N. E., and
Harriet Martin and Anne
VOehl, both Of Seat Pleasant,
Md.
We wish them many happy
returns Of the day.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-05-25
UNPAID INCOME TAX OF MORCANS
 STIRS UP FIGHT
House Ways and Means Committee is Going to Make Some Drastic Changes in Bill

Washington, May s5 - (UP) - The house ways and means sub- committee today voted for drastic changes in the income tax laws to strike at the wealthy by limiting capital gains and losses to the year in which they occur.
 The change in the revenue law will be offered to the house for adoption as an amendment to the pending business recovery-taxation bill.
 It was frankly stated that the testimony of J. P. Morgan before the senate Investigating committees to the effect that he had paid no income taxes in 1930-31-32 had furished motivation for the decis- ion.
 ''It is the committees answer to the challenge which MT Morgan has given the American people," Representative Mccormack, demo- crat, Mass, said.
 As now in the law. the capital gains and losses section enables wealthy persons to avoid tax pay ments by deducting losses on stock or other investments.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-05-25
ST. PATRIck'S CHURCH LOSES
 LOVED PASTOR
R ey James A. O'Meara Died This Morning After Weeks Illness Body Lies in State Sunday

Rev James A. O'Meara, fifth pastor of St Patrick's church of this city, died shortly before 10 o'clock this morning in the parish rectory on Charles street. He was taken suddenly i'll week ago to- day and little hope was entertained for his recovery. A cerebral hem orrhage was the cause of death.
 Father O'Meara came to Wa terbury in June, 1880, succeeding the late Rev Dr Farrel Martin. the golden jubilee pastor of the church, who died while on visit to Bryn Mawr, May 26. 1880.
 The body of the beloved pastor of St Patrick's will lie in state Sunday afternoon. before the main altar of the church. The priests of the city and from nearby par ishes will gather Sunday evening (Continued on Page D.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-05-25
FORD SUIT OVER REAL ESTATE HAD
 NURSERY TINCE
Witness " a s Sure Be- cause It Was Few Days Before Wife Presented Him With Twins

Providence, R. T.. May 25 - (UP)-Nursery topics supplanted real estate arguments momentar-. ilv today at trial of the suit of Herbert W. Allard of Cranston against Henry Ford for $100.000 Commissions and interest allegedly due the plaintiff in connection with Ford's purchase of historic Wayside Inn at Sudbury, Mass. Tn closing his case. Allard was ask ed by his attorney. J. R. Higgins. how he fixed June 21. 1923. as the date he had met the automo- bile magnate in Boston.
 Tt was few days before my wife presented 8 set of twin boys to me :" Allard responded.
 "That is irrelevant" Attorney Abbot Phillips for Ford remarked, bringing from Federal Judge Ira Lloyd Let's the facetious ruhne
 "If 1t was only one boy, it might be irrelevant, but being twins II is pertinent" ., ,. on to testify that he named one ol the twins Henry Ford Allard a.teI the Detroit nianufacturer-but that was enough for the judge. rms has gone too far" he said. After all. this is a real estate and no' d nursery transaction" Outlin, ing Ford's case, Phillips then said he would show that Allard's nego- tiations in connection with the purchase of Wayside Inn were done in his routine capacity as secretary for Dutee w. fMnI' Ford's Rhode Island representative and not as a special agent.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-05-25
GALA WEDDING OF TWO YEARS
 AGO RECALLED
Heiress s to S5,OOO, ,OOO, Married Poor Law Clerk and Now She is Real Sorry

Bridgeport, Conn, May 25-(UP) Her husband, former $25 a week New York law clerk, defend- ed his right to beat her and "an Italian custom" Mrs Fredericka Fry Del Guercio, Timken Roller Bearing heiress, declared in a bill of particulars filed today in super for court in her divorce action a. gainst Eligio Del Guercio.
 Mrs Del Guercio, who inherited the $5,O0O,000 estate of her foster mother, the late Georgia Timken, of Cleveland, O., asserted her hus- band refused to take her any place after their marriage because he twas ashamed of her personal ap- pearance."
 on several occasions. she said, he beat her and once struck her on the jaw, confining her to the house for four weeks. a
 The couple was married April 1I 1881 at an elaborate ceremony which, 1t was estimated Ut the time, cost several hundred thous- and dollars. Imported rare How CTS and trees adorned the Green. wich estate and church and n high. way of silver was laid from the Boston Post road to the brides home.
 Del Guercio Is a Fordham grnd- vnte and was employed ns q law clerk before hIs marriage. Mrs De nuercio ls the adopted dnushter of John Henipg Fry, internationally known artist.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-05-25
Those Were The Same Years That He Paid
 No Income Tax Here
He Paid $27,5OO For Each One of the Years-His Memory Not Clear Yes terday When Asked That Question
PECORA TRIES TO SHOW THE
 MORGANS PLAYED POLITICS

Washington, May 25-(UP)-J. P. Morgan to-day inter- ruped senate investigation his great private bank to plain testimony developed yesterday that he had paid income tax Britain during years in which he paid in come taxes in the United States.
 Explaining the British income taxation based in part property tax Morgan said he paid 1000 pounds $270O at odays exchange) in 1930 and approximately the same sum for 1881 and 1932
 'The question of my having paid income tax on the British government has been raised Morgan told the mttee after asking permission to read statement.
 q was asked whether paid income tax to any foreign and replied had paid to the British govern ment.
 "My memory not clear at the time.
 My income tax to the British government paid the basis of the English inland tax law"
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-05-25
POLICE GUARD MORGAN FROM
 ALL ATTACKS
They Search Some People Before Entering Hear ing Roonl-Many More Revelations Made

Senate Caucus Chamber, Wash ington, May 25 = (UP) - Four additional stock issues in which nationally known men were per- mitted to purchase securities on a ground-floor basis through J. P. Morgan & Company, were revealed today at the beginning of the third day of the senate's Morgan inquiry.
 Senator William Gibbs McAdoo, the tall, lean Californian who served as Woodrow Wilson's secre- tary of treasury, opened the pro- ceedings with a statement regard ing his part in the purchase of shares in Alleghany Corporation at from $11 to $16 below the current market quotation.
 He revealed that he also partic- ipated in stock issues of United Corporation, a utilities holding company, and Standard Brands, an amalgamation of four products firms.
 McAdoo said he incurred net loss of $2,565 on the three trans actions.
 Ferdinand Pecora, committee counsel, revealed that the Morgan firm also maintained 8 selected
 (Continued on Page 4.)
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-05-25
NEW HAVEN MEN ARRESTED AFTER
 ONE WILD SPREE
St Louis Police Pick Them Up-One Said He Stole $l,lOO From New Ha= ven Co.

St Louis, May 25 = (UP) = Two young men who identified them selves as Gerard Voyer, 24, and Harold F. Swanton, 2s, New Ha- ven, Conn.,. were held here today after a 2S-hour spending spree" with money which they were said to have admitted was stolen.
 Police quoted voyer as saying he took $1,100 from the safe of the United Fruit company offices in New Haven, where he was employ ed as bookkeeper, Sunday. night and started out for grand spree."
 The men were arrested in bot tle-strewn hotel room after police had investigated reports of riot ous evening at night clubs, where $10 tips were handed out. Voyer said he didn't know where they had been. They had spent all but $310 of the money. Swanton iden- tified himself as a newspaper ad- vertising solicitor.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-05-25
JANITOR KILLS THE EMPLOYER
 WHO FIRED HIM

Los Angeles. May 25-(UP) - A middleaged. bespectacled janitor was charged today with staying F. Gail Patterson. 53. assistant pub fisher of the Los Angeles Illustrat' cd Daily News. and seriously wounded J. W. Mcclure. 66. pur. chasing agent of the paper. Pat. terson was shot to death as he tried 10 shield Mcclure from an attack by Edwin Davis. 1s. the janiter Mcclure. wounded in the abdomen and leg. underwent major opera. ton md was reported in 2 critical condition. Davis told police Me- Guire discharged him yesterday, He entered Me0uire's oriee seek.. ing reinstatement and a quarrel efasned.