davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-05-30

1t was in this general all around
sharpening situation that the May
First demonstrations took place this
wear: the growing capitalist offensive,
the advent of fascisnl in Germany,
the bitter conflicts for markets
among the imperialist powers, en-
HANGING the danger Of war and espe-
cially the attack upon the Soviet
Union. In these conditions, the
urgency of the day was unity of the
working class in factories and mines,
in the neighborhoods, in every local
ity to effectively resist the attacks.
The workers, faced with these Vi
cious onslaughts, began to realize as
never before, that only unity of all
working class forces would defeat the
new attacks of the Roosevelt admin
istration. The call of the Party for
united working class action, issued on
March Goth, outlining an immediate
program around which to mobilize the
workers for struggle, gave additional
impetus TO the movement for unity
and served to rally around May First
larger sections of workers than ever
before. Scores of cities and towns
had demonstrations for the first time.
The militancy of the demonstrations
was at high level and in some places
bitter struggles took place with the
police.
New York saw the largest demon
stration in the country. In Chicago
$4,000 poured out into the streets de-
spite heavy rain. In Detroit, Bos-
ton, Cleveland, Philadelphia, the dem
onstrations were huge. Cities like
Denver rallied 5000 to 5000 workers.
The May First demonstrations were
not only review Of the working class
forces, but served to bring forward the
need for effective mass action around
the most urgent working class issues.
AL. Locals and SIP. Branches Join
United Actions
The Party made some earnest eff
forts to overcome the previous mar
row approach to united front con-
ferences in preparation for May First.
In practically all districts the activity
was directed to drawing in socialist To-
Gals, A F Of L, unions, and organ
izations never reached previously.
These first energetic efforts of the
Party. while still very insufficient,
brought definite and positive results
in tens of cities locals Of the A. F.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-05-30

Of L. and branches of the Socialist
Party and Young Peoples Socialist
League participated in the demon
STATIONS. In San Francisco 81 A. F..
of l.. local unions endorsed the united
front May Day. In Denver, Colorado,
so organizations among them the So
cialist local, many A. F. of l.. unions,
the Unemployed Citizens League, and
the I.W.W. participated in the action.
In Milwaukee branch Of the Work
mems Circle joined the May Day dem
onstration over the heads Of their
district committee, with the banner
May First is not on April Both" (the
date set aside for celebrating NAV
First by the S. P). In Camden. N.
j., joint demonstration of the So
cialist Party and Communist Party
was held. In Ithaca the Socialist local
entered into joint conference and
although instructed by the National
Committee Of the S. P. to withdraw,
continued in the united front con-
ference. In Akron while the leader
ship of the local S. P. organization
refused to participate in the united
front, it was compelled because of the
pressure Of the membership, to de-
eide that individuals could partici-
pate In Spokane and Bellingham,
Washington, the Socialist Party locals
were involved in the united front. In
Hibbing, Minnesota, the Farmer-La-
Dor locals, the Socialist Party locals
and several A. F. of L. unions partici-
pated in the demonstration.
In many cities throughout the
country where the S. P. leadership
had succeeded in preventing united
front actions, the socialist workers re-
manned after the S. P. demonstration
and united their ranks with the DEM
onstrations under our leadership. An
outstanding example Of this was in
New York. Here, after the sharpest
political offensive against the social
ist leadership for two weeks prior to
May First, leaflets were distributed
TO the mass of socialist workers call
ing upon them to remain on the
Square and speakers. raised on the
shoulders of workers, shouted slogans
for unity. The overwhelming number
of participants in the S. p demon
stration remained on the Square
against the advice of the leaders who
urged them to leave.
no BE CONersMgEDl
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-05-30
MAY FIRST PAVED THE WAY FOR
BROADER MASS STRUGGLES

many powerful class battles in 1882
and the early part Of 1888. The strug-
gle for unemployment relief and in
surance, the strikes in mining, auto
and other industries, the mass resist
ance Of the farmers to foreclosures.
the militant defense of the Negro
sharecroppers in Tallapoosa and the
ScottSboro struggle-all these were in
dicative Of the growing mood to
struggle penetrating the masses.
The Roosevelt administration. elect
ed on the most hypocritical. demagogic
platform of a new deal" for the
forgotten man" opened up an even
more brutal and bitter offensive
against the toiling population. Dur
ing the months of March and April
series Of measures were carried
out to guarantee the profits of Wall
Street at the expense of the already
impoverished masses. The powerful
propaganda apparatus set In motion
succeeded in bolstering up the illu-
slons and faith in the Roosevelt adj
ministration The masses were I'M
aware of the smashing blows being
made against their living conditions.
The banking laws which wiped out
the savings of millions of small de-
positors. Economy bills which cut
the wages of the federal employees
and the disability allowances of the
veterans. Inflationary m easures
which have brought with 1t the first
beginnings in the rising cost of living.
Forced labor projects and public
works program instead Of cash relief
and unemployment insurance SO elo-
quently promised by Roosevelt. Talks
OF disarmament and peace while the
tsruggles between the imperialist
powers become sharper and arma-
ment expenditures reach a new high
level.
AS the effects Of these measures be-
gan to be felt, the working and toll
ing farmers were aroused and began
to fight stubbornly Tens of strikes
in the mining areas, several in tex
tile, shoe. auto have taken place since
Roosevelt became pilot of the ship of
state. Struggles against forced labor
projects and cuts in relief have in
volved large sections of the unem-
ployed masses A new wave of strikes
in the rural communities Iowa, Wis
consin,
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-05-30
BOOK NOTES
WE GATHER STRENGTH SHOWS
TREND OF REVOLUTIONARY
POETRY IN AMERICA

WE GATHER STRENGTH, recent
ly published by the Liberal Press, Inc.
is a booklet of poems by Herman
Spector, Joseph Kalar, Edwin Rolfe
and S. Fnaroff, four young revolu
tfonary writer's who, during the past
five years, have been frequent con-
tributors to the New Masses, the Daily
Worker and other working class per-
iodicals,
The poems included reflect the
class battles which have been raging
in the United States and information
ally, as we'll as the achievements Of
5he U.S.SR. The co-Vanzetti
murders, the courageous struggles of
the Kentucky miners, the splendid
achievements Of the workers in the
Soviet Union - these and othe 7
themes form the major pre-occupa-
ton of the four working class poets.
Most Of the poems first appeared in
the pages of the New Masses; several
of them we're first printed in the
Daily Worker. For those interested
in the development Of proletarian
literature in the United States. the
publication Of WE HER
STRENGTH marks a clearly defined
trend. As Michael Gold says in his
introduction
"This little booklet Of poetry, and
ether books and pamphlets like It,
ere to lie cherished and saved for
the libraries of the revolutionary
future"
The booklet is priced at 35 cents.
It can be secured at the Workers
Bookshop, or directly from the pub
fishers: Liberal Press, Inc, 80 Fourth
Ave, New York
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-05-30
TRY TO FRAME UP
FRISCO NEGRO ON.
CHARGE OF RAPE
Both Victim" and Her
Mother Deny Charge

SAN FRANCISCO, May 90 49, This
city of the Golden Gate" today is
witnessing a frame-up attempt
against an aged Negro which serves
as another illustration that the lynch
terror evidenced in the Scottsboro
case is invoked by the ruling class
not only of the South but of the en-
tire country.
On Thursday Walter Espey, SO, a
Negro bakery worker, will be tried
in that department of the Superior
Court over which Judge Louis H.
Ward presides Judge Ward pre-
sided at the recent trial Of Tom
Mooney.
Espey. for 80 years employed in
one establishment. was arrested rec
emily on complaint of two Italian
bakers in the same place, accusing
him of attacking a l2-year old white
girl who lived in the place, where
Espey was employed,
In spite of the fact that the girl
herself and her mother testified at
Espeys arraignment before Judge
Steiger that the charges were false
and that a number of character
witnesses appeared on Espey's be-
half, he was held in $4,000 bail
Many Of these character witnesses
were from Espeys neighborhood, some
of whom mad known him for forty
years as worker with a fine record.
After being held in the county jail
for five weeks, Espey was released
on bail through the efforts of the In
ternational Labor Defense.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-05-30
Chicago S.P. Orders
Socialist Youth to
Break United Front
Socialist Youth Members Join With Young
Communist League to Fight Bosses War

gates who are present Therefore,
the leadership withdrew for one hour,
and, feeling that they would be ex-
posed, they returned and agreed to
participate.
Empty Promises
Fish made a number of promises,
of getting 5000 leaflets and sending
in to the committee the names and
addresses of all Socialist Youth or
CARNATIONS so speakers could be sent
to them. Two thousand leaflets we're
gotten and these were not distributed.
None Of the organizations names
were sent in. The leaders, Fish. Nc
Dowell, etc, we're sabotaging the pre-
parations for National Youth Day, In
spite of this, members of the Young
Peoples Socialist League and certain
local leaders, came to the action COM
mittee wanting leaflets for distribu-
ton and in general, are active in the
preparations for National Youth Day
On Monday, May %, the Cook
County Executive Committee of the
Socialist Party, held its session. At
this meeting, they instructed the
Young, Peoples Socialist League lead
ership and members, to withdraw
from the United Front Committee.
The leadership have already with
drawn. This was done in spite of the
words of Fish that: I'VE pledge to
stick in this United Front. We hope
that the lessons of Chicago will be
followed all over the country"
Expose Own Actions
In a conversation over the tele-
phone between Mcdowell and myself,
Mcdowell informed me of the deci-
sion and he said: While we dis
agree with the decision of the So
cialist Party, we will carry out their
decision" I asked him, will you
not do thinks which you think are in
the interest of the working class? If in
the interest of the working class, unity
is necessary and if the party decides
against this, then you must fight for
it and participate in it despite the
decision OF the party"
He answered, THE question is who
knows best what is in the interest
of the working class. My Party said,
in the interest of the working class
we should Withdraw from the United
Front Committee"
Members Of the Young Peoples So
cialist League should learn from these
lessons. The Young Communist
League has shown again and again
our determination and sincerity to
develop united action. The member
ship of the YPSL are convinced OF
this. 1t therefore welcomes and will
participate in united action, but the
leadership is an obstacle in the build
ing Of the United Front.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-05-30

this at $4,000 to keep their families in
food, clothing and shelter,
While the workers sweat, dozens Of
friends" of politicians, sons, cousins,
nephews and henchmen are on the
Relief list" receiving their pay reg
ularly without ever so much as COM
ing on the job. Those that do, come
drunk or amused, make a gesture at
work and leave to return pay day
The workers are paid off in checks
bearing no name, saying only PAY
to bearer" There is only one place
to cash the checks, the Brooklyn
Municipal building, far from where
the workers live, and requiring car
fare to get there. Around this has
grown up system of graft that
bleeds the joblesS each month. On
pay day a gang Of Tamany vultures
sweep down and take up all the
checks charging the workers 25 cents
each for the privilege Of getting cash
for their labor Sometimes they are
forced to pay so cent to the foreman
for the same favor This repeated
on 1000 checks nets tidy sum for
the grafters.
Discrimination against foreign born
and militant workers is rampant.
They are given the dirties and sever
est jobs and fired or docked or any
pretext. They are bounded constantly
by the foreman to provoke the work
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-05-30
BY JACK Killing.

The Young Communist League in
Chicago has attempted to involve the
Young Peoples Socialist League into
united actions against unemployment,
hunger and war many times. We
must state that because of our insist
ence, we have been successful in get
ting the members of the Young PEG.
pies Socialist League to participate
in joint actions on the West Side and
the North Side, against the raising of
prices of bread and for the needs of
the unemployed.
The membership of the Young Peo-
pies Socialist League have been quite
active in the united front actions.
Most of the city committee, partici-
pated in this united action including
the city secretary, Ed Weiner junior
director of the YPSL, Sylvia Arnstein,
Sol Larks, former National Chairman
OF the organization and others.
Seniors Leadership
Because they supported the united
action, the leadership of the Socialist
Party, headed by Senior, Burt, Kru-
5DI, cyt., anu VIC IAdUlOlldl lCdNCl J
of the YPSL. Mcdowell, Umansky
etc. developed a reign OF terror
against the Chicago YPSL members
Four of the leaders were expelled.
Because the membership refused to
recognize the explosions, the charters
Of all circles, City Committee, have
been revoked and all activities Sus-
pended. Despite this terror, the
membership continued to participate
in the united action as was seen on
May First, after marching in the
Socialist parade. they joined the
United Front parade.
On May 18th, the National Youth
Day Provisional Committee called a
conference in Chicago. Calls were
sent to the YPSL Circles, City Com
nittee and National Committee. Six
circles responded including the City
Committee. The National Committee
sent representatives who requested
the following:
Reject Leaders Demands
l. The conference shall refuse to
seat the delegates from the Chicago
Young Peoples Socialist League be-
cause such does not exist, as all char
ters have been revoked.
2. If the conference does this, the
National Committee will officially
recognize and support the conference
3. If we will recognize those who
represent the membership of the
Young Peoples Socialist League ir
Chicago. then the National Commit
tee delegates will Withdraw from the
conference.
The conference correctly stated
that they will recognize all dele
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-05-30
BY J. PETERS.

May First 1888 witnessed the larg-
est demonstrations in the United
States for many years. The hundreds
OF thousands Of workers pouring into
the streets in militant, enthusiastic
parades and demonstrations in the
most important cities and towns of
the country was direct challenge to
the capitalist class.
The May First actions demon
started that the workers are increas-
ingly supporting the policy of fighting
working class unity Despite the at
tempts of the reformist leadership of
the A. F. of L. TO rob May First of
its revolutionary character, and the
desperate efforts of the S. P. lead
ership to prevent the unity of the
workers. a large number of Socialist
organizations and A. F. of L. local
unions have for the first time broken
the official ban and together with
Communist workers participated in
joint May Day demonstrations
The response to May First, where
more than 500 900 workers under the
leadership Of the Party, expressed the
need for unity is only small indi-
cation Of what can be achieved in
solidifying the workers in the strug-
gle against capitalism
Fiercer Grows Capitalist Offensive
The four-year old crisis has with
extreme savageness hurled blow upon
blow on the living standards of the
American masses. Every concession
won through long years of struggle
has been wiped out. The desperate
efforts Of the capitalist class to solve
the crisis in their own way, has
brought with it ever fiercer attacks
upon the masses and greater mass
poverty and misery everywhere. Sew
enteen million workers sentenced to
forced idleness while hundreds of
thousands of factories stand idle. Ma
tionwide wage cuts while the profits
of the capitalist class are maintained
at unheard of levels Evictions throw
ing working class families into the
streets while buildings that could
house everyone, remain empty Fore
closures OF farms TO guarantee the
capital OF insurance companies, bank
ers and big landowners These ter
rifle attacks upon the conditions OF
the masses brought in their wake
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-05-30
Letters from
Our Readers
On Communication
With Sc0ttsbOrO Boys

May IS, 1888
Editor of Daily Worker,
Sir.
I am a constant reader of the
Daily Worker, We get it daily, and
enjoy reading it.
Some time ago you asked the
people through our paper to write
to the Scottsboro boys. I wrote to
Haywood Patterson and enclosed a
stamp and he answered Immediately.
Since that time I have been writing
him regularly and sending him
stamps. He always answers in two
or three days.
In one letter l asked him what
they would allow me TO send him.
He told me I could send fruit. candy,
cigarettes I had letter from him
dated May 10 and on May 49, I
sent him a box containing apples,
oranges, candy, sailed peanuts, Gig
arettes, writing paper and envelopes.
wrote him twice and sent stamps
and didn't hear from him. I hope
you will investigate it. I would be
glad to send the boys things, but if
they don't get them, I will not send
anything else.
Respectfully,
Mrs. Emma Caldwell, St. Louis, Mo.
The failure of the ScottsbOro
boys to get the gifts sent to them
is undoubtedly continuation of
the campaign Of persecution of the
prison authorities against them.
We are calling this letter to the
attention of the International Labor
Defense and suggesting that they
take action at once through their
southern attorneys.-EDITOR
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-05-30
Perkins Aides Seek
to DepOrt Militant
Worker of Cleveland

CLEVELAND, o., May 29.--That
Frances Perkins immigration inspec-
tors are continuing the notorious
Doak policy Of prosecuting foreign
born workers who engage in working
class activity is shown in the at
tempt now being made to deport Pa
vel Martinove. a member of the I'm
employed Council here. immigration
authorities, who are under the juris-
diction of the U. S. Department of
Labor headed by the liberal" Per-
kins, are invoking the immigration
Act Of 1918 to deport him on the
sole ground Of being an alleged Com
munist, although Martinove never
belonged to the Communist Party in
this country nor his native Czecho-
sloYakia.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-05-30
Perkins Holds Worker
for P anticipation
in May Day March

NEW YORK.-The hypocricy of
Frances Perkins, Secretary of Labor
under the new dear Roosevelt, who
intimated that she would pursue
liberal policy toward foreign born
in contrast to the policy of terror
by her predecessor Doak, was again
exposed when John T. Frawley. lab
orer. was arrested Thursday in Mon
ticello. N. Y. for his having partici-
tated in the May First demonstration
there, and rushed to Ellis Island
Friday for deportation to Ireland.
The May demonstration in Monticello
was broken up by the police
Through A. Dranow it's attorney,
the N. Y. District International Labor
Defense is fighting against the de-
por5ation of Frawley.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-05-30
STRUGGLE AGAINST
PROVOCATTON
Workers Enemies
Exposed

John Pope tBumbia), who was
member Of the Communist Party for
about year in Detroit, Mich. and
who belonged also to the Unemployed
Council and to the Roumanian Edu-
cational Club,-has been expelled
from the Party and is exposed pub
licly ss petty thief and scoundrel
who absconded with funds belonging
10 the Communist Party and to the
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-05-30
Gen. PerShing Approves of
Norman Thomas Socialism

Norman Thomas, who was praised by one
of the leading radio magnatos, as my favor
lite radical, now gets blessing from an even
more gratifying source
This time it is none other than General
John j. Pershing who takes Mr. Thomas to
his BOSOM Says the shrewd General, whose
hands are stained with the blood of thousands
of workers whom he led into the slaughter of
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-05-30

ers into an act that would serve as
an excuse to fire him.
Men are put to work on mud scows
with shoyels, doing labor that easily
could be done by a dredge. This is
for discipline" the foreman explains.
The workers are supposed to get
clothing and other articles to take
home as supplement to wages.
Though these items are charged as
city relief expenditures" the workers
seldom get anything, the money find
ing its way into grafters pockets.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-05-30

JIIE W UIIU WdI' dHU VIII was Oh IIIt IISIUE
graft payroll of the Morgans:
''Mr Thomas. the socialist leader, has a
program so mild that it is hardly distinguish
able from that of the more radical politicians
of the both major parties!" (American maya
zine June 1882
The capitalist class and its military agents
are not fooled by Norman Thomas Socialism
They know exactly what it means. That is
why they like him
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-05-30

Unemployed Council (leaving no rec
ords behind. from which the amount
stolen by him could be determined i.
He is supposed to have left for
Cleveland on or about February 81,
1888.
Description About 38 years of age,
Roumanian descent, about 5 feet 5
inches in height. about 1876 pounds
in weight, dark complexion. photo
graph published herewith
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-05-30

On May 18th the secretariat Of
North subdistrict of the Communist
Party Of Germany was informed that
the Koslinerstrasse cell had during
the preceding week accepted 1870 peo-
pie living in the alley as new men,
bers of the Communist Party The
five brothers of the worker Schafer
who was shot by the police have also
Joined the Party and took solemn
oath Of revenge at their brothers
graveside. The alley was decorated
by the inhabitants with flags draped
with mourning crepe.
Va S. Reg. 9O3 %, Mr.. /,
zu B. /. 759 20,
Press material
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-05-30
BY KLAuS hE~KRANrz


STORY THUS FAR The workers Of the proIearan district
in issued
Chief ZoergiebeL The workers demonstration is at
tackled the police
following
In Berlin that followed
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-05-30
Roke,Oft on Relief Job Wages
Nets Tiger Grafters Tidy Sums
Collect rs Cents to Cash Each Pay Check Pol
ticians' Friends on Pay List Don't Work

NEW YORKAt E.
1900 jobIes workers
under brOlng swinging pick