davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-06-24

that confuse the worker. He is con-
tent with telling a direct story in
pictures drawn simply, strongly. He
is an expert craftsman. Robert Minor
describes some of his drawings in
the Red Cartoons sereis as equal to
the best drawings done by Daumier.
A book of drawings done by Ellis
in Moscow will soon be issued here in
book form. He is also busy on series
OF drawings for the exhibition to be
held on the occasion of the 18th
anniversary of the Red Army. Mean
While many of his drawings are now
being shown at the International Ex-
hibition of Revolutionary Artists at
the Museum of Western Art in Mos
COW.
But Ellis will tell you that all this
is ION the side" ''I've got a job" he
says. He must do his cartoons for
Trud, where he is staff artist and
where its thousands of readers are
looking for the work of "Toyarishtch"
Ellis.
Tell me-" I asked Ellis, while he
carefully touched up a cartoon he
was working on, what comment has
there been in the Soviet press on the
work you have done here. I know
the press has discussed your work.
I also know that workers have writ
ten in to your paper about it,
Well" he replied in slow. pleas
ing drawl. 81 got few letters from
workers pointing out deviations in
some of my drawings And once I
got serious reprimand on my job"
He wasn't joking now.
Robert Minor, great judge of art as
we'll as great artist, once called Ellis
the least appreciated genius in
Americas But that was a long time
ago. He is known and loved now by
workers in all sections of the world.
*Note by Robert Minor: What I
really said was Fired Ellis is that
genius of America who is least appre-
ciated by himself"-a reference to
Fred's modesty as well as to his
talent.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-06-24
BY JOHN ADAMS

NEW YORK-They call him kid
Johnny" but il is no kidding when
Johnny Martin leads delegation Of
workers. into the Home Relief Bureau
at Spring and Elizabeth Streets.
They know this 20-year-old fighter.
For three years, since that historic
March 6. 1880, Johnny has been in
the forefront of the fight Of the lower
East Side workers against evictions,
for relief and unemployment insur-
ance.
He was in the forefront when the
oossaoks Of Whalen and Mayor
Walker thundered into Union Square,
trampling men, women and children
under their mounts hoofs More
than 100000 workers had gathered to
demand Unemployment Insurance,
In a few months Johnny Martin
was a fighting worker in the day-to
day struggles that developed since
the bosses of New York, through their
nouthpiece Walker, told them ito
eat ice cream"
Meet Near Piled Up Furniture
Johnny joined the Young Commu-
mist League. He organized young
workers of Ninth Street, Tenth Street
and other blocks of the East Side
into eviction fighters,
When the marshal's crew comes
today, the workers go to Johnny in
the headquarters of the Unemployed
Council at 95 Avenue B. He goes
back with them and the Block Com
mittee of that particular street holds
meeting over the piled-up furni-
ture.
Brushing aside the police and mar
shall the furniture goes right back
into the old apartment. When the
Block Committee says there will be
no evictions, they mean it!
Went Be Bullied
Down at the Home Relief Bureau
on Spring and Elizabeth Street, Mr..
Bevins knows and fears Johnny. He
tried to scare him last week by boast
ing what he did to Sam Gonshak.
HE told me that he guessed this
would stop us" Johnny told me. II
told him that it would 10 no such
thing. That we East Side workers
were going to fight until we got Sam
Gonshak out. We organized three
new block committees ard one big
youth committee since Sam was
framed" he said.
How does the Unemployed Coun-
Gil fight for the workers at the Home
Relief Bureau" he was asked.
"The Council doesn't fight for
the workers but provides program
whereby they can fight. When
or any other comrades lead group
OF families to the II. r. b. 1t Is only
to give them the benefit of our ex-
perience. We know the red tape
and how to expose II and get
action,
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-06-24
SONG OF. THE EAGLE

ONE of the current batch of films
" that is concerned with historical
analysis" and the solution of social
problems. Historical analysis: the
crisis was brought on by the pro-
hibition amendment. Solution: take
all the brave unemployed ex-ser-
vicemen; put them to work beating
up the gangsters who are trying to
muscle in on the legitimate beer
business, thereby eliminating the
racketeer WHO is poisoning our
civilization; then set all the vet
Grams to work in the breweries.
Presto! the solution of the problems
of unemployment, gangsterism, de-
flation, initiation, etc. The new deal
is on; and the banker controlled
Hollywood MOVIES, are giving us a
new deal and q good deal of rank
smelling, demagogic. horse manure.
Ia T. HURWITZ
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-06-24
BY NJ. HYIN.
/. Work and People
WHO is it that is making the world

WHO is it that is making the world
W over again?
Human labor is creating labor
afresh under our very eyes. Man is
dividing continents by canals. dig
ging new river beds, making tunnels
through mountains, planting forests.
creating new raw materials and new
kinds of plants and animals.
Mankind has something to be proud
of.
But is this really so? Are people
really always proud of their handi-
work? Take for instance a country
like the United States. 1t was the
United States that made the Panama
Canal and divided America into
North and South. The greatest fac
tory in the world-the Gary Metal
Works-is to be found in the United
States. 1t is in the United States
that automobiles are turned out by
the thousand every day, just as pins
are turned out by the paper and
pencils by the gross. Let us visit
any American plant. Look at the
workers-there they are, the con-
querors of nature. They work in
silence, not exchanging so much as
a word or a smile with their neigh
bors.
I'VE have scarcely any personal
communication. People do what they
have to do and go home-a factory
Is not a drawing rom -
Thus Henry Ford, American auto
mobile f11agnate.
Are Ford's workers proud of turn
ing out thousands of automobiles and
tractors every day? After all, every
automobile is speed created by human
effort.
I have not spoken to any of F1ord's
workers, but don't believe they're
proud of their handiwork. How
could they be? They are the serv-
ants not the masters, they are moth
ing but the docile opponents of an
others will.
A Ford worker has no idea what is
going on in the neighboring work
shop and If he asks he is not told
He does not know the plans of the
administration, why some lathes are
substituted for others, why he is cal
led upon to do this today, that to-
morrow. He does not even know
what is going on at the other end
of the workshop. He has no time
to go and see. He's been given his
work and this job demands his whole
time and attention.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-06-24
Mifflin Omitted Significant Contrast
Between Capitalist and Socialist Society

it into barrel of oil and placing in
to basket at his side. The move
ments are always identical. He al
ways finds the apparatus in the
same place, always the same num-
Der of rotations in the oil, and re-
places the machinery in the same
place. For this neither muscular
strength nor intelligence is required.
All he has to do is to make gentle
backward and forward movements of
his hands.
Do the workers like this system2
1--WE had one worker who had to
make single movement of his foot
day after day. He was convinced
that this movement made him one
sided, although medical investiga-
ton showed that this was not so.
He was, of course, given other work,
in which another group Of muscles
was employed"
We read in an American paper:
1.-THE most valuable person in work
shop containing automatic machin-
cry, is the man without imagination,
the man whose development is under
the average"
1t might have been thought that
automatic machines were invented
not in order to make automatons of
men, but in order that man should
work less with his hands and more
with his head Every inventor be-
lieves that the machine he has in
vented will free mankind from yet
another onerous and tedious process
of labor. Onerous and tedious labor
is to be transferred from man to the
machine
That's how it ought to be. But in
America the opposite has come to
pass. In workshop with automatic
machinery man himself becomes an
automaton. Instead of freeing man
kind from onerous labor it makes the
labor still more onerous.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-06-24
4. Why DO They Go On
Working Then?

Why then do these American
workers go on working, if they hate
their work and.if it is work that no.
body could help hating2 Why don't
they leave the factories?
Some of them do, and become
tramps, thieves, bandits, BURGERS. It
sometimes happens that these thieves
and bandits, uniting in a powerful
band, terrorize whole towns, great big
towns like Chicago.
But there are not so many Of
these. eto~
What about the, rest?
The rest fear nothing in the world
SO much as losing the work they de-
test. To be without work means to
be without lodging, without fuel,
without food. To be without work
means to spend the night on bench
in square, or on the steps Of the
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-06-24
A.A.U. Backed Attack
on Labor Sports Meet

The Labor Sports Union has def
initely established the fact that the
Amateur Athletic Union, leading
bourgeois sport body, is behind the
smashing of the L. S. U. wrestling
meet by the police last Saturday
night. AS a basis for their action,
the police showed a letter to a L. s.
U. representative, sent by the State
Athletic Commission, requesting the
police to investigate the wrestling
meet and referring them to the A.
A. U. for further action. The an
swer given by the A. A.. U. can be
inferred from the action of the po-
lice.
1t has been decided. to go through
with the wrestling meet in spite of
police attacks.
All workers and workers organ
izations are urged to support the
L. S. U. in its struggle against the
Amateur Athletic Union and its DO
lice allies by demanding of Commits
sioner Bolan that police keep hands
off L. s. U. meets,
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-06-24

WHILE this is undoubtedly one of
W the best pictures on the war that
have recently come out of Holly
wood, it nevertheless suffers badly
from the same defect that usually
mars all war films, and that is the
presence Of comedy relief, so-called,
to interrupt the reality of a situa-
ton. However, Private Jones gives
expression for the first time in
American films to what the rank
and file soldier actually felt and was
sometimes not afraid to say, about
the late war. Unemployed even in
1917, and drafted against his will
Private Jones brings to the battle
field a hatred against his superior
officers that Keeps him peeling pota-
toes from the beginning to the end
Of the war, except when In the
trenches
The Private, Of course, is lone
disser y the REGIMENT and is not
taken 81 ior " by tie other soldiers
who look upon him as a shirker and
a comedian, as though the producers
wanted to give the impression that
the cers of Jones was one in a mil
lion. In fao5, all through the pic
ture The Righteousness of Jones is
counteracted by the pure and patri-
cite motives of the dashing Lieuten-
ant-the hero of the picture. But
the real story Of the war will never
come out Of Hollywood. Only when
the root Of war-the capitalist sys-
tenn, itself--is smashed by the work
ers, will we have an American war
film from the rank and filters point
of view that will make Private Jones
seem thin and watery in comparison.
DAVID PLATT.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-06-24

NOMRADE LENIN frequently spoke
to me about the women's ques-
ton. He attached very great i'm
portance to the womens movement
as an essential part, in certain cir
cunstances as q decisive part of the
mass movement. Social equality for
women was, of course, a principle
needing no discussion for Conlmu-
nists. 1t was in Lenin's large study
in the Kremlin in the autumn OF
1920 that we had our first long con-
versation on the subject. Lenin sat
at his writing table which, covered
with papers and books, spoke OF
study and work without displaying
THE disorder of genius"
owe must create a powerful in
ternational womens movement, on a
clear theoretical basis" Lenin began
the conversation after having greet
ed me. There is no good practice
without Marxist theory, that is clear.
The greatest clarity of principle is
necessary for us Communists in this
question. There must be a sharp dis
tinction between ourselves and all
other parties :"
was filled with enthusiasm about
the work done by Russian women in
the revolution and still being done
by them in its defense and further
development. And as for the posi-
tlon and activities of women COM
rades in the Bolshevik Party, that
seemed to me a model Party. 1t
alone formed an International Com
munist Women's Movement of use
full, trained and experienced forces
and historical example.
THAT is right, that is all very true
and fine" said Lenin, with quiet
smile. I'm Petrograd, here in Mos
COW, in other towns and industrial
centers the women workers acted
splendidly during the revolution.
Without them we should not have
been victorious. Or scarcely so. That
is my opinion. How brave they were,
how brave they still areI Think of
all the suffering and deprivations
they bore. And they are carrying on
because they want freedom, want
Communism. Yes, our proletarian
women are excellent class fighters.
They deserve admiration and love.
'The energy, willingness and en-
thusiasm Of women comrades, their
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-06-24
GREAT JASPER

IN the beginning of this picture,
Jasper, iherse-car conductor
militant against the coming street
car which will doom most of the
conductors to idleness, suddenly be-
trays his fellowmen and runs the
first street car out of the barn Simply
to please the wife of the company
oWner-thereby making himself
Superintendent Simple Hollywood
dialectics-can be used in any film
showing the rise of workers to posi-
tions of prominence, particularly
when bosses wives have plenty of
sex appeal. This, then, is the scoun-
drel in whose affairs of the heart,
crooked deals, we are asked to SYM
pathize. A typical product Of the
degrading capitalist system, under
which 1t is impossible to rise with
out stepping on many necks, Jasper
meets all kinds of obstacles (these
are days of the crisis on his way
to success and finally winds up as a
fortune teller in Atlantic City, where
he continues his career of blackmail
anu IlypOclloJy ulltl uCdIil. Dde'
looked at from workers point of
view, the causes of Jasper's scabbery
become very clear The same sys-
tenn that deprives' hundreds of work.
ers OF jobs every time machinery is
invented to do the work in half the
time and sets workers against one
another by fostering racial and en-
vironmentaI differences, also tries to
buy off the most militant ones with
higher paid jobs, etc. as buffer
against the rank and file. This Is
called by the capitalists-"oppor-
tunity for advancement"
Today the working class is begin
ming to speak and act as q class in
their own interests and woe to the
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-06-24
2. Working Hands and
Working Heads

The expression "hands" was in
vented by the bosses. For them a
worker is nothing but pair of
hands. 1t is as if horses were called
feet. For the boss the principal
thing in a worker Is his hands, and
his ten fingers, not his head or his
brain. The industrialist does not
need the workers head, or scarcely
needs it.
Most of our workers have never
been to technical school, They learn
their work in few hours or in a
few days"
Henry Ford again.
A man with brain and the power
to think and reason, is forced to do
a task that scarcely requires learn
ing, that could be done by weak
minded person or an idiot.
"As a result of Investigations into
the basic laws of assembling ma
chinery, it has been found possible
to reduce the demands made upon
the mental capacity of the worker"
That sounds very scientific. In
simpler language: Under the new
regulations for assembling machin-
cry, stupid and slow-witted workers
may be employed"
FURTHER we read: Whenever pos
sible the worker performs one and
the same task with one and the same
movement. One of the least exact
ing functions in our work consists
in man picking up a piece of ap-
paratus with steel hook, dipping
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-06-24
3. The Dead Against the
Living

Ultimately man becomes one OF
the machines in an American fac
tory. Some machines are animate,
some are inanimate And very often
the inanimate steals the work from
the animate. Every new machine,
every new invention throws thou
sands of workers on the streets. One
man in a glass works can make three
thousand bottles an hour. Formerly
this used to employ n persons. This
means that every bottle making ma
chine puts 76 human beings out Of
work.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-06-24
By MARGUERITE YOUNG,

~ NAhAN3 = = ~ wv III
World Telegram staff Writer.
Nina Harkavy. first American |
sculptor invited by the Soviet gov |
ernmen. to exhibit IN Russia, re-
turned today on she Decrease with |
an enthusiastic story OF the new art |
AN art which IS developing, siie
said. in jails and factories as well |
as in schools.
She asserted rhe pIopsganSa coli-
FeW Of Russian Art is 60 mi al AZ
dictated BY the government: she
saw Tchekov as well as Cork IN
the theatres, she related, and heard
Tschaikowsky and Beethoven in the
concert halls. She saw many,
many" exhibits OF simple still-ifes.
The Russian masses stand still IN
line to see Lenin's tomb. she re
ported when asked whether they
we're a curious people.
Denies Morbid.
Morbid" an interviewer asked,
"oh, no, she laughed. that's a
weird idea"
The moot>question Of prcletarian
art she parted, as she I'D many
others about food shortages, etc. But
she related
Russia is the only country In
the T0rTu w1crF 4 yruueflt, II ne
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-06-24

The dead are squeezing out the
living. The dead are fighting the
living.
Machines are increasing and null
tiplying, there are more and more
of them. Welfare nourished them
ourselves, and now they are hem
ming us in like wild and dangerous
beasts, and we are in their power"
After this, could a living machine,
living automaton. love his workP
Would you undertake such work if it
is offered you-the work Of docile
tool, the work Of an instrument IN
another's hand? : I know what you
will answer. Such work can only be
hated.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-06-24
The Vital Chapter from Iyin's "Neqv Russia's
Primer" Suppressed by Us, Publishers

embankment, to pace the town all
day looking for a job and to get the
same reply wherever you go: mo
work"
Better the dullest, most intolerable
work than unemployment.
There are people who do not fear
unemployment These are people
with plenty of money. Such people
can get on without working. They
don't have to work. They are free
from the penalty of hard labor. And
so they are envied,
Ask q bank clerk, what is his fond
est dream2 Nine out Of 10 will reply:
ITO get rich and live without work
ing" In schools they teach chill
dren that "idleness is q sin" But if
the teacher himself comes into
money, do you think he will go on
working in the school? Not he He
will throw aside like so much rubbish
his schoolbooks and equipment and
live at his leisure. Not long ago l
read novel by W. q. Locke on this
very subject. The hero had not the
slightest intention of going on teach
ing after he came into money.
Thousands of human beings work
only in order to be able to live with
out working.
If one has money one can become
the owner or owners Of a factory,
q railway, business concern, and
make others work for one, without
working oneself. And therefore it is
that people fight each other so Bit
terly for money.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-06-24
TALKS OF LENIN
SHOW HIS ESTEEM
FOR CLARA ZETKIN

The following is taken from "Reminiscences
Zen 6-year Communist
Moscow capitalist pescIuding
New York Times Evening Post the socialist
creating
the time
munt international following
the role Of the working
indication Of the high esteem which
by Lenin-Editorial
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-06-24
GETS EVICTION NOTICE,
KILLS SELF

EVANSVILLE, Ind. - Charles S.
Scheer, 70, unemployed for the past
four or five years, shot and killed
himself after receiving an eviction
notice. Scheer was formerly en-
ployed as custodian at Garvin Park
and as janitor of Delaware School.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-06-24

I'm an old farmer
Negro farmer
in Mecklenburg County in North
Carolina.
My landlord the owner
plantations the biggest
in Mecklenburg County in North
Carolina.
My landlord he told me
"Nigger look here,
you'll have home
long as I live
in Mecklenburg County In North
Carolina"
My landlord he told me
Build UP your cottage,
this Is your home,
be proud for to build it,
and dig you well.
Isn't it your home
even as my home?
Pay for the digging,
pay for the well,
you'll be the one
who'll pleasure himself
with water you draw
from well that you dig
in Mecklenburg County in North
Carolina"
l been paying that boss
two hundred year,
said boss other day
Niger look here,
you're old as the county,
you're no-account, niger"
I worked for that fellow
full twenty-five year
You'll have to get out
and hunt you a home"
in Mecklenburg County in North
Carolina?
Niger don't ask me-
that's niggers AFFAIR."
That was my notice
to dress up and 60
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-06-24
MOSCOW SPY TRIAL BOOKS
REACH u. s.

While it takes many months for
the average American publisher to
produce book, the Soviet state pub
fishing house rushed through the
3-volume proceedings of the sensa-
tional spy trial Of English engineers
in Moscow in month and they are
now being sold in America by Anlk-
niga Corp, 258 Fifth Ave, New York
City.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-06-24


from house that I built
from well that I dug
from years have shaved
whence now I have come,
oh whence have I come?
whittier to go?
Negro worn out
not too worn to know
man outraged like me
must fight outrage so:
as he built him the house
that was taken from him,
as he dug him the well
tina was taken from him,
as he shaved him the years
full twenty-five year
in Mecklenburg County in North
Carolina.
What then to do7
how then to do?
Mecklenburg farmer
he joins him the troopers
the union Of farmers
tenant and cropper
men destituted
of home and OF well
Of COW and Of cotton
of 'bacco on leaf
in fields they have nursed
The maui will cross
with the blade of the pillow
The maui will hammer
the fingers of greed,
the blade will cut
to the roots Of our need,
and the farmer will SOW
his harvest-seed,
and the ranks will grow,
and the cropper go
as the worker go,
where the Party lead
and overthrow
who take from us home
and take from us well
and take of us years
then send us to hell
with mouth that abuses
and threat of the moose
in Mecklenburg County in North
Carolina
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-06-24
(To BE CONTINUED

This chapter which appeared in
the original version published in the
Soviet Union, was omitted from the
American edition of the book pub
lished under the title of Soviet
Russia's Primer"
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-06-24

The stories from the capitalist
press which fatty cortradicts each
other Future of Culture As I'm
certsip," says the New York Times,
while the New York World Tcle-
cgram reports that Even Con-
victs Draw In Russia
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-06-24
MOVIE. REVIEWS

scab who dares 10 go against the
will of that classl - d. p.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-06-24
Mecklenburg County

BY HARRY ALAN POTAMKN
"a Poem based Worker CORES pondence to the