davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Montana labor news., 1933-09-28
NRA DOES NOT BAR CLOSED UNION
SHOP, A. F. OF L. PRESIDENT SHOWS

WASHINGT0N.-The National In
dustrial Recovery Act does not pro-
hibit the closed union shop, President
William Green of the American Fed
Grafton of Labor, pointed out in re-
ply to assertions made by Henry |,
Harrison, president of the Chamber of
Commerce of the United States, and
Robert L. Lund, president of the Ma
tional Association of Manufacturers,
"Mr. Hartman" President Green
said. lis quoted as having said in a
speech in Chicago, If | read the Ian
guage (of Gen. Johnson) correctly, it
means that Gen. johnson considers
the closed shop prohibited by the Re-
covery Act while Mr.. Lund is rep
resented as having said that labor's
organizing campaign lis the most SER
ious obstacle to the attainment of the
detectives Of the Recovery Act
81 hesitate to challenge the good
faith Of these gentlemen, so ! shall
be forced to challenge their intelli-
gence. The National Industrial Re-
Montana labor news., 1933-09-28
UNITED MINE
WORKERS

WASHINGTON-(FP) Formal
signing of the greatest of all union
agreements in the history of the btu
minous coal industry in the United
States-a pact bringing 100000 men
under union contract with operators
who have hitherto fought the United
Mine Workers with every weapon at
their command-took place in Wash
ington on the night Of Sept. 81. For
the Northern Coal Control Associa-
ton, which is the former anti-union
group of operators in the northern
Appalachian region, j. d. A. Morrow
Of the Pittsburgh Coal Co., affixed
his name to the document. For the
Smokeless and Appalachian Coal AS
ISOLATION, representing operators in
the southern Appalachian region, Ed
ward Mahan signed. For the U. M.
w. A. the signers were John L. Lewis,
Philip Murray, Thomas Kennedy and
Van A. Bittner.
The agreement, effective Oct. 2,
calls for the 40-hour week of 5 days
of 5 hours each, at the usual places
Continued on Page Twol
Montana labor news., 1933-09-28
RED FLAG, HAND
CUFFED r IN
HITLERPROTEST

CHICAGO (FP) The German
consulate on Michigan avenue got I'M
pleasant notoriety when a red flag
with the words FIGHT FASCIST
TERROR IN GERMANY was fasten-
ed to the consulate flagpole and the
staff CREASED so that it could not be
easily taken down. 1t was placed
there by anti-fascists to call attention
to the worldwide protest against the
trial of the radical German leaders
who are on trial in Leipsic charged
with setting fire to the reichstag build
ing. Most observers hold that Hit
ler's own group started the fire. The
day after the flag incident two girls
with protesting slogans sewed to their
dresses ~handcuffed themselves to the
light pole in front of the consulate
and it took half an hour to saw them
loose. The present German govern
ment is said to be very sensitive about
foreign criticism.
Montana labor news., 1933-09-28

covery Act does not prevent the closed
union shop and | mean by that term
what we have always meant by it.
| mean the shop which is union by
agreement between the workers and
the employers. There never was any
other kind and there never can be any
other kind.
"What the Recovery Act does is to
give the workers their freedom to or
ganize, so that now we have a great
many more really union shops than
ever before and the number is grow
ing daily and rapidly. What hurts
Mr.. Hartman and Mr.. Lund is that
the workers now have this freedom
and, having it, are using it. They
are dismayed because wage earners
are free to follow their wi counsels
and are no longer under the neces-
sity of paying tribute to employers
who hate to abandon their role of in
dustrial dictators and are no longer
under the necessity of signing individ-
ual or yellow dog contracts.
Montana labor news., 1933-09-28
YELLOWSTONE CO.
TRADES & LABOR
ASSEMBLY
September Is, 1888.

september 10, 1855.
Meeting of the Yellowstone County
Trades and Labor Assembly called to
order at 1850 P. M. by President An
dersOn.
Reading of the minutes. Approved
Credentials of H. Krogman of the
Federal Labor Union was read.
Moved and seconded that creden-
tials Of Federal Labor Union not be
accepted. Motion carried.
Moved and seconded that all organ
~ization work be done by a committee
appointed by the Assembly. Motion
carried.
Brother Steve Read was appointed
on liable committee.
Oweing to the fact that some COM
mittees have been going without the
approval of this Assembly it was
moved and seconded that this Assem-
bly, go on record disclaiming all re-
sponsibility of any committee not APP
pointed by this Assembly or any local
union affiliated with the American
Federation of Labor. Motion carried
Meeting adjourned at 9:05.
AS Mr.. Krogman was not allowed a
seat in the Yellowstone Trades and
Labor Council he christened the Messrs
Anderson, Robinson, Read and Dan
iels the -Four Horsemen."
Painters have reorganized under
their old charter with 38 members.
GEO. L. ANDERSON, P. R. S.
Billings, Montana.
Montana labor news., 1933-09-28

against the act and is causing gross
injustices and unwarranted hardships
in the agricultural industry Stop Be-
fore leaving Washington in July
had this matter up several times with
the farm credit administration and
was advised that these conditions
would soon be corrected but instead
of being corrected they have grown
worse Stop A correction of these
deplorable conditions lies in securing
administrators of the farm credit ad-
ministration who are in sympathy
with the agricultural industry with
the emergency farm mortgage act and
with the present administration and
also who are capable of interpreting
the act according to it's terms and
spirit to the end that it may be admin
istered accordingly Stop / call this
to your attention with the hope that
your efforts may be put forth to cor
rect this situation at an early date
Stop With expressions of highest es-
TEEN and assurances of my every eff
fort in making your administration a
success | am respectfully
ROY E. AYERS
Member of Congress
M%ontana's Second Dist.
Montana labor news., 1933-09-28
FARMERS UNION
VISITS TRADES
ASKS CLOSER COOPERATION Be
TWEEN FARMERS AND
WORKERS

A committee of five representing
the Farmers Union Of the Dillon dis
trict visited the Council last Tuesday
night. The committee consisted of
John Ponzson, John Garrison, John
Smith, F. P. Tate and Carl Guidici.
The committee explained the benefits
of co-operatives to the farmers, stat
ing that through the cooperative sys-
TEN they have reduced the costs Of
farm equipment some so per cent. The
Farmers Union intends starting to-
bacco factories, work clothes factories
and other plants on the cooperative
basis. The Union feels that this is
the only way to combat the profiteer-
ing middle men in business.
The committee visited the Council
for the express purpose of asking
Butte Labor to join the Farmers in
opening a cooperative gas station in
Butte. The cooperative stations in
Montana are proving a huge success,
especially in Billings. A committee
consisting of Ed Duncan, Chas. White
ley and Chas. Jepson was appointed to
meet with the Farmers in securing
full details regarding the proposed
gasoline station. The opening of this
station will do much toward securing
lower gasoline and oil prices for
Butte as well as tires and other ac-
c~essories.
A special committee consisting of
Earl Simmons, Reid Robinson and
Lew McLennahan was appointed to
meet with a committee from the
Building Trades Council to conciliate
the Hansen Packing troubles.
After a brief discussion on present
labor problems the Council adjourned.
Montana labor news., 1933-09-28
METAL TRADES


WASHINGTON-(FP)- Sounding
the keynote for the coming convention
of the American Federation of Labor,
the report made to the convention OF
its Metal Trades Department, Sept,
81, by John P. Frey, secretary-treas-
urer, and approved by James O'Con-
nell, president of the department
hailed the new industrial system
that is being created under the Ma
tional Industrial Recovery Act, and
urged the 30-hour maximum work
week as a primary for de-
mobilizing the army of the unemploy-
ed.
ut is plainly evident said Frey,
from Federal statistics, that a 40
hour week is much too long if the
Continued on page two)
Montana labor news., 1933-09-28
DELEGATES TO PLAN MORE EFFEC-
TIVE OPERATION OF MIRA
TO PROVIDE MORE JOBS, GREATER
PURCHASING POWER
WASHINGTON MEETING WILL BE BIGGEST
SINCE 1917 PREDICTS LABOR HEAD
Federation Not to Be Stopped in Great Nationwide
Drive to Organize the Unorganized

Observation-Disclosures of dele
gates TO the annual convention Of the
American Federation of Labor opening
in Washington on October 2, will be
centered ON strengthening the Nation
al Industrial Recovery Act to produce
more employment and more buying
power, President William Green of the
Federation said here. He predicted
that the convention would be the lar
gest since the Buffalo wartime on
v%ention of 1917.
President Green declared that the
convention will make il clear that the
A. f. of l.. is not to be stopped in its
great nationwide organization cam
paign. He said the convention would
also make it clear that labOr's goal is
an industry operated for service to the
nation and the people, in which the
organized workers will take a vital
part.
eve shall have some important
revelations to make to the convention, -
President Green said. "Our Execu-
tive Council has just adjourned after
having been in session 10 days, pre-
pairing it's annual report. We have
gone over the entire situation, both
as to organization Of workers and the
operation of the National Industrial
Recovery Act.
Makes Two Points Clear.
81 want to make it clear, as our
Councils report will make it clear,
that the American Federation of La
Dor is going to organize the morgan
lied. By that l mean two things:
First. 1t is not going to be stop
ped in its energetic and sweeping cam
paign to bring workers into unions
throughout the nation.
Second. 1t is going to continue 70
be, as it has been for more than half
a century, the recognized, all-embrac-
ing spokesman for American labor.
That means there is no room in the
United States for any other labor
movement.
MIRA Biggest Issue.
"In our convention we shall have
delegates representative of all of the
workers, elected and responsible only
to the membership of labor unions.
The voice of labor will be heard on
every vital public issue. However, our
main attention will be centered upon
the Recovery Act, in an effort to
strengthen its operation so as to pro-
duce more employment and more pur-
chasing power.
eve have no unduly optimistic pic
ture of the benefits of the Recovery
Act in terms of new employment up to
this time, but it is clear that the Re-
covery Act is sound in principle, that
it has started the nation on the up
ward swing and that it must succeed,
for the reason that its failure means
"a chaos that the nation cannot stand.
Labor Representation Imperative.
"Not only are we concerned as to
reduction Of work-hours per week to
a level lower than the average thus
Montana labor news., 1933-09-28

far fixed in codes, both temporary and
permanent, and as to higher wage
levels than the average thus far es-
tablished, but we are concerned about
the question of adequate representa-
tion Of labor in machinery created I'M
der codes. Our convention may be ex-
pected to express itself emphatically
on this question of representation and
to demnd that in all Of the new ma
chinery Of industrial government la
Dor be represented by men of its own
choosing, as a matter of right and
not as a matter of privilege.
Dedication of the magnificent Me-
mortal to the late Samuel Gompers
viii afford US opportunity not only to
express u devotion to our late chief
tian and to revere his memory as one
of Americas greatest men, but it will
give us an opportunity to formulate
Continued on page four
Montana labor news., 1933-09-28
Pr

Greater Detroit Chefs and Pastry
Chefs Association, Detroit, Mich.
September 8, 1888
Greetings:
We r having a strike of all cooks
employed at the Fort Shelby Hotel in
our city. We will appreciate all CO.
operation that you may be able tc
give us, such as notifying all tray
elers, conventions, fraternal %organiza.
tons, etc, hal are considering a visit
to Detroit in the near future, not to
patronize the Hotel Fort Shelby be-
cause of unfair labor conditions. Best
wishes.
Fraternally yours,
ALPHONSE FRIEDRICH,
Business Secretary,
Local No. 234.
Montana labor news., 1933-09-28
WOMEN WORKERS
WOMEN WORKERS IN WOOL
TEXTILES UNDER THE NRA

Benefits in higher wages to many
thousands of women workers, under
the recently signed Wool Textile Code
of the MIA have been estimated by
the Women's Bureau. Wage data for
one week in January, February, or
March of 1882, reported by the Bur-
eau of Labor Statistics in an inves-
tigation covering $4,000 women in 30
mills in 8 Northern and 5 Southern
states, are the foundation of these es-
Inmates. The Bureau Of Labor Sta
Montana labor news., 1933-09-28

of our protest on the wage scale, this
convention should take ways and
means to protest the code adopted by
the highway commission to Washing
ton and take every legal means at our
command to keep further contracts
CONTINUED on Page Threel
Montana labor news., 1933-09-28
FARMERS ORGAN
IZE INTERCOUNTY
UNION--MONTANA

Delegates from the five Farmer I'm
ion locals Of Beaverhead and Madison
Counties met last Sunday at the Fred
McCrea residence near Sheridan and
organized an i%ntercounty union, dele
gates being present from Reichle, Dill
Ion, Waterloo, Sheridan and Alder.
The meeting was called to order by
Mr.. McCrea, president of the Sheri-
dan local and j. B. Garrison of Reich
lie was elected president of the consol-
idated organization. Other officers
ICnntlnnad ON PAGE Ennrl
Montana labor news., 1933-09-28

Congressman Ayers has not been at
home except four or five days since
he returned from Washington on July
Continued on page four
Montana labor news., 1933-09-28
STATE FEDERATION NOTES

INOTE-This report has been held for the State Federation Number of the
Labor News in order that more locals might secure copesl
Montana labor news., 1933-09-28

There can be no prosperity
without justly high wages.
Earnings of working people
are the basis and index of
progress in any community
Montana labor news., 1933-09-28

The American standard of
living must be maintained
in order that American in
situations may not be sub
iect to perils of discomfort
Carolina watchman. [volume] (Salisbury, N.C.) 1871-1937, 1933-05-05
PATTERSON ITEMS

The Patterson school closed Fri
day, April 2S with a large crowo
present to witness the closing ex-
e~rcises. After the program was
completed a bountiful dinner was
served. A baseball game between
the boys and the married men
was the afternoon attraction. The
boys won the game by close
margin.
Miss Jackson and Ethel Suther
took supper with Mrs. ]. F. Litak-
er one evening last week.
Geneva Sloop spent the night
with Ethel Suther Friday night.
Quite a few women of this
community attended the achieve
ment day program held in the
community building April 20.
Betty Lou, the attractive little
daughter Of Mr.. and Mrs. ]. A.
Patterson, has been chosen by
Miss Ruth Cauble, May Queen Of
Lenoir- Rhyme, to be one of hel
Junior attendants. Betty Lou is te
carry the crown.
Carolina watchman. [volume] (Salisbury, N.C.) 1871-1937, 1933-05-05
Gold Hill Ri. / Items

The first day Of May was a very
warm day and we were all glad to
see it, as it will be favorable weather
for corn and cotton to come u.
Two mornings last week VT had
some frost, but not killing frost,
we are glad to note.
A good many folks in our &c
ton attended the closing of the
Richfeld high school Friday night
and Monday. A very large crowd
was present on Monday to hear the
different speakers, and a bountiful
dinner was spread on the long table
in the grove and was eaten by a
large crowd of folks. A ball game
between Mitchell Home high school
and Richfeld high school ended the
program.
David Brown, of High Point,
was visiting in the home of his
father-in-law, Rufus Lowery, Sun
day.
Mrs. P. H. Wagner, who had a
light attack Of pneumonia last
week, is able to be up and around
again, we are glad to note.
Lane Allen, who got his hip
fractured several weeks ago at
Albemarle, is able to be out again,
we are glad to note, but not able to
do much work yet.
Mrs. W. C. Lisk was taken sick
at the school closing Monday at
Richfeld. We have not learned to-
day if she is better, but hope her.
a speedy recovery.
Master Hurbert Watson, young
son of Mrs. Lola Watson, when
going from his mothers owe to
John Morris's one day this week
came across a large chicken snake
in P. H. Wagoner's old pine field
at a mud hole and killed him. The
snake measured six feet ard two
inches long. Is it any wonder they
can swallow chicken eggs and
young chickens. 1t was a brave
act of the boy killing this large
snake, as the snake was about two
feet longer than the boy.
A good many folks of our COM
munity witnessed the taking out
of the Yadkin river Saturday and
Sunday the two men that drowned
the week before. Litaker was taken
out Saturday and Grass on Sunday.
Carolina watchman. [volume] (Salisbury, N.C.) 1871-1937, 1933-05-05

{By G. W. Forster and Joseph G..
Knapp, Department of Agricul-
ture Economics, North Carolina
State College.)
Farm relief may be brought a.
bout in a number of ways. 1t has
been suggested that it could be
brought about by lowering the
price of all commodities which
the farmers buy to the level of the
commodities which the farmers
sell. 1t may also be effected by
raising farm commodity prices to
the approximate level of the prices
of the commodities which farmers
buy.
In the past, these two sets Of
prices have been roughly adjusted
by competition. When farm prices
got out of line, as compared to
prices of other commodities then
the farmer tended to adjust his
production so as to bring the price
of farm commodities back into
line. Since the war, | however,
prices of farm commodities have
been consistently lower than the
prices of commodities which the
farmer buys, with the result that
the purchasing power of his dollar
has declined markedly.
II is not necessary at this time
to explore the causes of price dis
crepancies. 1t is sufficient to say
that the students of the agricul-
tural problem have gradually come
to the conclusion that the federal
government should actively parti-
cipate in bringing about a read
justment of prices. 1t is not by
chance that the federal govern
ment, under the strong leadership
of President Roosevelt has put
forth a definite proposal for as
sisting farmers, the central theme
of which is: "To establish and
maintain such a balance between
the production and consumption
of agricultural commodities and
such marketing conditions as will
establish prices to farmers at a
level that will give agricultural
commodities the purchasing power
with respect to articles that farm
ers buy equivalent to the purchas-
Carolina watchman. [volume] (Salisbury, N.C.) 1871-1937, 1933-05-05
How B|ack-D raueht
Holds its Popularity

A LAXATIVE made from highly
approved, medicinal plants yet
about the least expensive laxative
YOU can find: Thedford's Black
Draught.
There's no expensive container
for you to buy when you ask your
dealer for Black-Draught And it's
light weight has saved freight bills
in your favor. Black-Draught Is
right with you in economy. 1t
brings prompt, refreshing relief
to sufferers from constipation
troubles.
Don't put up with sick headache,
siuggishness, gas, dizziness, bad
taste in the mouth, biliousness, coated
tongue, bad breath, distress after
meals, when due to constipation, but
take Thedford's Black-Draught-
Carolina watchman. [volume] (Salisbury, N.C.) 1871-1937, 1933-05-05
Effect Upon Agriculture
OF This State Explained
Problem Is Not A Simple One-Cot And Tobacco Present Dit
terenf Dfticultes-30- Per Cent Reduction for North Carolina
Regarded Too Drastic

ing power of agricultural commo-
dities in the pre-war period, Aug
ust 19o9-July 1914"
The question may be raised as
to how such a scheme would work
if applied to North Carolina agri-
cultural conditions. To answer
this question, one must ascertain
the level of prices of agricultural
commodities between August 1909
and July 1914 for this is the base
which is going to be used in de-
termining what is a fair and equit-
able price for farm products. The
bill, when finally passed, may ap-
ply to a large number of agricul-
tural commodities although at the
present time only wheat, cotton,
corn, hogs, cattle, sheep, rice, to-
bacco and milk and milk products
are named. In 1882 the December
l price of cotton was approximate
ly E cents per pound. The aver
age price between 1909 and 1914
was a little better than II cents.
If the price of cotton is to be ele-
waited to pre-war parity, it would
mean that the price must be raised
in purchasing power approximately
1914 per cent.
The average price of tohncco
between 1909 and 1914 was about
Is cents. The December 1, 1882
price was about II cents. The pur-
chasing power of tobacco prices In
1882 was indicated by the pur-
! chasing power of 70. That is, ii
was Fl points lower than the pre-
war base. If tobacco were brought
back to the pre-war parity, Their
the index of purchasing power
| would have to be raised 81 pei
cent. In a similar manner, corr
would have to be raised Sc pei
cent, potatoes so per cent, swee,
potatoes 70 per cent, peanuts 334
per cent, barley 76 per cent, rye
Is per cent, oats IS per cent, hay
is per cent, and other products
to a somewhat similar degree.
The problem is not, however, a
simple one. The problem of pur-
chasing power may be viewed from
che total purchasing power of a
crop as we'll as purchasing power
of the units such as a pound or
|bushel. For example, the average
cotton crop in, the state between
1909 and 1914 was approximately
$4,000 bales, which at the aver
age price for this period would be
valued at approximately ~ mil
lion dollars. However, from 1914
to 1882 cotton production declin-
ed to $4,000 bales. At the price
level in 1882 this production wa:
valued at around 10 million dol.
lars. If the purchasing power o.
the unit only (that is a pound o.
%cotton) were raised to the 1909
1914 level, the total actual crol
in 1892 would have a purchasin!
power of 80 million dollars, or al
actual loss in the purchasing powe
of cotton of 8 million dollars, a
compared with the 19O9-191'
base. To offset this ''loss'' tn
Carolina watchman. [volume] (Salisbury, N.C.) 1871-1937, 1933-05-05
LOpers-WiUeS

Nc MAN LOVES A ROUGH SKIN
Keep your hands, face, arms satiny
smooth with wonderful ANoLA
CREAM LOTION. ANoLA prevents,
heals chaps, dryness, redness. Not
sticky. Greaseless. Dries quickly.
Perfect powder base. Amazingly
economical. TOMS DRUG STORE
and all drug stores.
Carolina watchman. [volume] (Salisbury, N.C.) 1871-1937, 1933-05-05
WORKS ON 16-HOUR
BASIS

Nashville, Tenn.-The Tennes-
see Cereal company, Nashville,
V hich only started operations in
their new plant here six months
ago, this week began operations on
a l6-hour daily basis and plans to
install additional machinery for
24-hour daily operations within
the next so days.
Carolina watchman. [volume] (Salisbury, N.C.) 1871-1937, 1933-05-05
BOY OF II READS BIBLE,
AIDS FARMING

Redan, Ga.-Marvin w. Jack
son, II, aside from helping his
mother operate an extensive farm
and attend to the raising of tur.
keys, is enthusiastic about reading
the Bible. He says he will havs
completed reading the book by thu
time he is 10 wears old.
Carolina watchman. [volume] (Salisbury, N.C.) 1871-1937, 1933-05-05

North Carolina farmer would have
to be permitted to raise $4,000
more bales in 1888 than in 1882.