davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1933-10-12
A French N. R, A,

If, as has been said, imitation is the
sincerest flattery France is about to
pay us a delicate compliment. She is
going in for an N R. A. of her own,
though not on quite so elaborate lines as
the original article now in progress over
here. Premier Edouard Daladier has
decided to introduce in the Chamber of
Deputies, along with his proposed meas
ures for fiscal recovery a group of bills
instituting a minimum wage, collective
bargaining and the forty-hour week for
industry. M. Daladier will project. in
addition, an extension of governmental
control over certain industries includ-
ing the export trade in arms, as we'll as
q scheme for centralizing the distribu-
tion in France of petroleum and its
products.
Paris dispatches suggest that these
proposed innovations constitute bid
for Socialist support of the government
when the Chamber reconvenes on Oc-
tober II and the cabinet submits a
series of rather drastic finance meas
ures. The Socialists are in revolt
against impending cuts in wages and
pensions of government employees. Evi-
IDENTIFY the ealadier cabinet believes
that q French N. r. A. scheme. modelled
in part on the American new deal, will
overcome opposition to the governments
economy and tax program.
Our own NJ r. A., though still in the
experimental stage, is attracting the
close attention of the whole world. Many
foreign observers already hazard the
prediction that if it even measurably
succeeds in accomplishing its reVolu-
tionary purpose it will become a model
sure to be widely followed in other
countries confronted by economic prob
lens more or less like those with which
the great American adventure is grap-
pling and hopes eventually to solve.
At the recent ANNUAL British Trade
Evening star., 1933-10-12
Sound Financing.

Inere are at least lnree separate
objectives in the Treasury Departments
important financing plans announced
yesterday. One is the redemption of
about a third of the fourth Liberty
loan, made in 1918 for World War
financing; another is to save interest,
by conversion, on the balance or a
portion of the balance of the fourth
Liberty loan, and the third Is to OBJ
tain cash to the extent of about half
a billion dollars for meeting expenses
in connection with the recovery pro-
gram. The plan involves probably the
largest and most important govern
ment financial operations since the
borrowing days of the World War, and
upon its successful outcome there
doubtless depends other and equally
important operations Of the kind
later on.
The fourth Liberty loan amounted to
S6,268,G94, $50 at four and quarter per
cent interest. The Treasury's new
bonds. which go on sale next Monday,
will be offered at premium, being
priced arbitrarily at 1912, and will
bear the same interest. four and a
quarter per cent. for one year, and
thereafter three and quarter per cent.
They mature in twelve years and are
callable in ten. The fourth Liberty
loan was callable for redemption last
April Is on six months notice, but the
Gate was passed without an announce
ment because of the uncertain financial
conditions at that time. The loan ma
lures in 1888. Those who hold fourth
Liberties with serial numbers ending
with the digits 8, 0 or or per-
manent coupon bonds preceded by the
letters ], K or A may exchange them
for cash next April Is. when interest
payment ceases, or exchange them now
for the new bonds. The amount Of the
bonds called for redemption is about
$1,000, 900 approximately third of
the total outstanding. Holders of other
fourth Liberty bonds are offered the
privilege of exchange for the new issue,
and cash subscriptions up to half a
billion will be accepted for the new
bonds.
The Treasury offer will probably be
regarded in investment circles as gen.
erous and acceptable. From the Treas
urys point Of view it is estimated
that the Government will be saved in
terest of about s18,750000 annually
after the first year, and there is the
additional advantage of preparing to
meet the tremendous obligations due
in 1888, when the fourth Liberty loan
expires.
To all sound money advocates there
is a degree of comfort in the Treas
ury's reliance upon orthodox and
sound methods of refinancing at time
when it is within the power of the
President to resort to the inflationary
expedients outlined in the Thomas
amendment-notably the issuance of up
to 3,0000O0,OOO of printing press"
money. The Treasury plan will doubt
less have its steadying influence, and
is another indication that the admin
istration does not intend to be lured
into direct imitation as obligations
mature.
Evening star., 1933-10-12
The Newlands Fountain.

The beautiful fountain at Chevy
Chase Circle. . memorial Of the late
Senator Francis @. Newlands Of Nevada
is to be dedicated this afternoon. 1t Il
the gift of the family and friends Of q
man who will be gratefully remembered
In the Capital. Consigned to the care
Of the Federal Government, 1t will be
maintained as an integral part Of the
progressive plan for the development o1
the public parks system Of the District
Of Columbia.
In time to come all the gateways oi
Washington through which the people
of the Nation will journey to the legis.
lative and executive center Of the Re-
public will be beautified. A splendid
beginning already has been made. The
Arlington Memorial Bridge Is . portion
Of the scheme for improving one ap-
proach: the development along Six.
teenth street is another. But much re-
mains to be done. The Wisconsin ave.
nue., the Bladensburg road, the. Ana
costa Bridge and other routes into the
city still must be corrected. Eventually
the work will be completed. and ther
at long last the city will present an at
tractive aspect from all angles to al
comers.
1t Is a graceful tribute to Senator
Newlands that is to be- inaugurated to-
day. He loved Washington. and it is
fitting that he Is to have as his monu-
ment a decorative adornment Of the
neighborhood in which he was particu-
larly interested and in which his ex-
ample is and will remain an active
constructive force.
Evening star., 1933-10-12
Columbus.

Throughout the United States today
the four hundred and forty-flrst ami
versary of the discovery of the western
world by Christopher Columbus is being
celebrated. The occasion furnishes op-
portunity for the repetition of an ap-
peal for a reconsideration Of the his
tory of that event and of the biography
of the celebrated admiral
So wrapped in legend is his per-
sonality that 1t is impossible to speak
Of him with any definite certainty. No
one knows where he was born, and his
place of sepulcher is likewise an un-
solved problem. His relations with his
family, with his associates in his great
enterprise, with King Ferdinand and
Queen Isabella are only sketchily dis
cernible through the mists of fable with
which Columbus himself and many Of
his apologists have decorated them.
The story of his childhood and youth
and of his early voyages is a tangled
confusion. His debt to the Vikings who
Lad preceded him to America by Ave
centuries and to Ptolemy, Marco Polo,
Alliacus. Roger Bacon, ToScanelli and
others is a cloudy mystery. His pur-
poses appear to have been amazingly
complex, and are commonly mis-
understood. His philosophy is almost
entirely unexplored. Even his sigma
ture is challenged, and no authentic
portrait Of him Is known to exist.
His character seems to have been
far from perfect. He is represented
as untruthful and greedy, extravagant
and presuming. quarrelsome and die
tatorial, a poor navigator. an indif-
ferent captain, an intolerant admin
istrator; altogether most difdcult
type Of man. For decades it has been
cited that he died in poverty and
neglect, but if the charge be true it
may have had abundant cause in faults
of his own temperament To the last
hour of his life he persisted in denying
that he had failed in his plan to reach
China and Japan by sailing westward
and refused to admit that in actual
fact he had accomplished much more
important thing.
Washington Irving and other ro-
manticists have done the admiral the
disservice of endeavoring to glorify him
arbitrarily. Recently another school of
writer's have been inordinately critical
Of him. The truth must lie somewhere
between the two extremes of adula-
ton and contempt. Perhaps there is
no more worthwhile assignment which
the public can give historical research
workers than that Of examining the
archives of Spain for the materials OF
new evaluation of the courageous and
persistent adventurer, who. whatever
his shortcomings. is eternally immortal
as the impresario Of modern times,
the most eminent Of all dtscoverers,
whose achievement is gratefully saluted
today.
Evening star., 1933-10-12
President and Service Men
Win Public's Commendation

President Roosevelt's speech to the
convention Of the American Legion on
the subject Of veterans. compensation
and the response Of the Legion favorable
to part Of his program are strongly
commended by the country. Mr.. Roose-
velt's statement of the national needs
arouses enthusiastic approval, while 1t
Is believed to have been made clear
that the greater proportion Of the vet
Grams is aligned on the side Of con-
servative action.
1T is very apparent that the Legion
naires are working in harmony with
the President" says the Altoona Mir
ror, and the Legion's complete SYM
pathy with Mr.. Roosevelt's purposes is
and the Yakima Daily Republic. The
Hartford Times believes that "his re-
assertion Of a correct pension principle
Is historic in its effects, straight in its
logic and fully appreciated by the peo-
pie" In opposition to this view. how
ever. the Sioux Falls Daily Argus
Leader raises the issue as to economy,
adding: I'VE can flnd no justification
for fiat denial Of the veterans pay
n ments :.,ls, while h1l money is being spent 50
In the debate over Government care
Of non-service disabilities objection is
raised to the creation Of q favored class
by the Haverhill Gazette, the San An
tonic Express and the Toledo Blade.
The Youngstown Vindicator holds that
men who show their patriotism by
going to war must continue to show It
by working for their country and max
ing no undue demands upon it in time
OF peace" The Presidents courage in
presenting his arguments is lauded by
the Charlotte Observer, the New York
Sun, the Newark Evening News, the
Columbia Is. c. State and the New
York Times.
"The manner with which the Legion
convention greeted the enunciation Of
his theory" in the Judgment of the
Oakland Tribune, "is direct and elo-
quent answer to the many who have
accused the former soldiers Of asking
for more than that to which they were
entitled and the Presidents postscript
to the effect that when local communi-
ties or States are negligent In their
duty to men who wore the uniform
and are In need, though through no
war cause, the Federal Government rec
oenlzes It's responsibility, Is one to be
welcomed"
The Presidents statement was "clear
and direct" according to the Akron
Beacon-Journal. was "a personal appeal
to group Of patriotic, responsible citi-
zens," and an outstanding move Of
statesmanship," to the Cleveland News.
while the Dayton Daily News welcomes
q clarifying address" The Santa Mon
lea Evening Outlook describes It as
= remarkably strong and convincing
appeal for unity and cooperation. !"
The President Is credited with "a Rrea,
public service" by the Gary POST
Tribune, with "a heart-to-heart talk"
BY the Cincinnati Times-Star, with
"voicing the sentiments Of the great ma.
tority Of his countrymen" by the Rock
Island Argus, with truth and sin
certify" which struck home" by the
Atlanta Journal, with voicing principles
based upon honor and love of coun-
try" by the Columbia (Mo.) Tribune.
with acting accordance with sound
Evening star., 1933-10-12
Neolithic Sheep
Found in Ireland.
The German Press Law.
From the Hartford Times

From the Hartford Times.
Promulgation of the new national
press law by the Hitler government re-
moves the last vestige OF free press
in Germany. BY it, every working news
paper man becomes a servant of the
state and is held legally and morally
responsible to the state for his profess
sional activities. Publication of treason
able articles or introduction of them
from abroad (and the "treasonable" ma
ture of articles is arbitrarily determined
by the Nazis) Is punishable by death.
Articles critical of the Nazi regime or
describing atrocious conditions that ex-
tst under 1t may bring upon the Offend
ing editor or reporter a sentence of
five years in prison. Goehbels, minister
OF propaganda and enlightenment
what q travesty on truth this title i'm
plies!-becomes absolute master of the
German press, which can print nothing
that the Nazis wish suppressed. Nor
can the German people obtain foreign
publications containing critical articles.
The German people are to be kept in
ignorance Of everything to which the
Hitler regime objects and are to be
fed q sickening menu of fanatical propa-
ganda which they are expected to sWal-
low, though it choke them.
Three great European nations now
have suppressed freedom of the press,
freedom of speech and freedom of ac-
ton. Russia did it first to promote the
misnamed dictatorship of the prole-
tariat. Mussolini did it next. to pro-
tect his personal dictatorship. Now Hit
Ter does it in Germany, to strike fear
to the hearts Of those who protest his
Jew-baiting, insanely nationalistic pro-
gram. In other European countries,
even IN France, the press Is careful"
not to pursue an anti-government policy.
The people are given what their rulers
want them to have-nothing more. The
outstanding exception is England, where
freedom is flaming torch which never
shall be quenched so long as English
men are Englishmen. But perhaps there
are Englishmen today who may be un-
certain Of the future Of their liberties
they may see tn the suppression Of the
evil portent, q sign of the advance of
fanatical nationalism that, like q nause-
Ous, miasmatic cloud, Is smothering lib
erty and overwhelming common sense
American newspaper men must view
with adherence the treatment of the
press In Germany, once the seat Of
vaunted culture, but now Q center Of
persecution Of men and women for no
reason other than that they are born Of
another race and worship God in q diff
ferent manner, and where suppression
of free speech, free thought and de-
struction Of the individuals liberty have
sunk into the mire of the dark ages
whatever culture existed there.
Evening star., 1933-10-12

Union Congress resolutions were adopted
calling ON the government ct once to
scrutinize carefully what is going on in
the United States with a view to Its
adoption in Great Britain.
No generic term like "autarchy,"
Sovietism, Fascism or the Five-Year
Plan has yet been devised to epitomize
the precise spirit and purpose Of the
system for which N. r. A. stands. Per-
.haps If 1t some day comes to serve as
pattern for other lands 1t may simply
pass into economic nomenclature as the
new deal, unless here and there it Is
desired to be more specific and adopt
terminology that will immortalize either
MIR. Roosevelt Or the Blue Eagle itself.
Evening star., 1933-10-12

politics" by the Rutland Herald. ana
the Rockford Register Republic holds
that his utterances may prove q de-
termining factor in any fight which
may develop three months hence in
Washington"
Action of the Legislative Committee
OF the Legion is called "a salute to the
nag" by the Asbury Park Evening
Press, while the Rochester Times Union
feels that the committee members were
well advised in turning down pro-
posals which would doubly embarrass
the Government at a difficult time"
The Fort Worth Star-Telegram offers
the Judgment: Response to the per-
sonal appeal OF President Roosevelt was
as wholesome and cooperative as the
reaction of the public was to the Blue
Eagle. The Legion is a cross-section
OF America. It contains percentages
comparable with those minorities which
nave attempted successful
y-to call themselves majorities in
other branches Of Government and civic
ana1rS. The Legion asks hos
pitalization for all former service men
Tor any diseases Of any nature, war
connected or otherwise. There will be
some difficulty in adjusting the Justice
In that resolution, but the total con-
ventlon action has been so far removed
from the radical demands of the past
lew years that it is possible to charge
that act to zeal and allow it to work
out its own salvation. It is not jus-
tice and 1t will cost more than the
Government can afford to appropriate
1or the purpose-but the large value
hes In the notice to Congress that it
need not stampede again in the name
OF pensions for World War veterans"
The recommendations of the con-
vention with respect to the care of vet
erans in Distress" states the Chicago
Daily News, "are entitled to serious
study The sympathetic attitude shown
oy President Roosevelt and bv Gen
Frank Hines, administrator of veterans
affairs, toward the legitimate claims of
those who went to war for their col,n-
try Is far truer index of the countrv's
nlgn regard for the veterans than are
oemagogic outbursts by politicians with
personal ends to serve The four-point
program of the Legion, with which
President Roosevelt, as he frankly tolo
the veterans in his Chicago address is
not In full agreement, doubtless vii
receive careful scrutiny from the Fed
eral authorities. It must be weighed
In the light Of the Nations imperative
need Tor economy. When thus weighed
the sound principle laid down by the
PRESIDENT that the creation Of favored
classes among Americans. all Of whom
alike are entitled to even-handed i,ls-
tlce, cannot reasonably be thrust aside"
Evening star., 1933-10-12
THIS AND THAT
BY CHARLES &. TRACEWELL.
Already sneezing has begun.

Already sneexng has begun.
Once again the gratuitous distribution
Of germs takes place on q large scale.
And there Is nothing that the indi-
vidual can do about 1t. II he does not
sneeze in public and private himself,
he fnds that he Ii the exception.
All the exhortations Of those opposed
to promiscuouS sneezing have fallen
upon deaf ears, evidently.
The great proportion Of the American
populace still fincs something humorous
In spraying several million cold germs
upon others.
Tnere is something exquisitely funny
In this exhibition Of bad taste and worse
1t.
Fear adds the finishing touch to q
performance excruciatingly funny In the
eyes Of the raw.
It is an old American custom. not only
In regard to colds and their germs.
To make somebody afraid-what Is
more American?
All the old standard "jokes" Of the
small towns Of the United States had
fear as their core.
Make somebody good and scared
everybody else who happened to be "in
the know" laughed uproariously, the
thing was 30 funny.
+
Feed . cold. starve q fever"
Many have accepted that saying liter
ally, without stopping to think about it.
It does not mean that one should
foods upon feeling q common cold de-
acoyodn0 ,rrOY, tho cuSforo
If you feed cold, you will starve
q fever" such is the true saying, easily
enough seen by actually looking at the
original.
The experience of all persons confirms
this.
One Of the very first symptoms Of a
cold is the desire to eat, particularly
Of heavy foods, such as potatoes, bread,
meat, macaroni, etc.
Many persons are able to tell that a
cold is coming on merely by their desire
for certain foods.
One man told us recently that when
he entered a restaurant and found he
had q desire for macaroni, he knew by
that very fact that he was going to come
down with a cold unless very careful.
This carefulness, undoubtedly, should
begin right then and there with the
article of food craved.
One should not take it,
Yet observation shows that very few
persons possess the will power to resist
The fact that most human beings
have little will power no doubt has led
to the general acceptance of the old
saying:
Feed a cold"
That is what it says and that is all the
hungry person wants.
He feeds it!
Just why the human system thus
seems to crave the very thing it ought
not to have must be left to physiolo-
gists-and psychologists
The basis of this food craving, how
ever, is physical. 1t proves. at least to
some, that the instructive likes and dis
likes are not to be trusted with the
extreme faith placed in them by some
persons.
The body seems to want baked pota-
toes-but these will not help a cold,
50 why take them when a tell-tale
sniff1e points the dietary road to orange
juice, water, or even nothing at all?
+ +
The everyday experience of most peo-
pie bears out the following statement,
Evening star., 1933-10-12
October Dangers.

A bulletin issued by the Lincoln Ma
tional Life Foundation, with head
quarters at Fort Wayne, Ind, states
that october is the peak month for
prevalence of the common cold. This
disease annually costs American wage
earners s5OO,000,00O through absence
from work, the average worker los
ing six and one-half days of employ
ment each year as a result of these
Affections. This estimate of half a
billion of wage loss does not include
losses to employers resulting from the
Absence of workers The identification
Of October as the peak month for COM
mon colds in America is the result Of
survey conducted by the Public
Health Service of the Government
which. at the same time, showed jan
uary to be the worst month for allied
nose. throat and lung diseases.
Doubtless the unusual prevalence Of
the common cold in October is due to
the fact that it marks the time of the
seasonal change from Summer to
Winter. The weather is not as a rule
cold enough for Winter clothing, nor
is it quite warm enough for Summer
wear. It has many bright days when
for several hours the air is balmy and
wraps and overcoats are not needed.
Yet the mornings and the nights are
chilly, and it is during those periods
that colds are contracted through ex-
posure to the chill air without proper
protection.
The Foundations bulletin suggests
that the hazards of the common cold
at this season of the year can be less
ened by better methods of air condi-
tioning for homes, Offices, stores and
industrial plants, to the end of insuring
that indoor air is properly humidihed,
adequately circulated and free from dis
ease-bearing particles of dust and SCOT
What used to be known generally as
ventilation" has been in large measure
supplanted by conditioning" which
means the maintenance of right tenn
peratures and the publication of the
air. Numerous devices have been per-
fected to this end
The common colds of October are "a
rule merely depicting and not espe-
cially dangerous. But 1t Is undoubtedly
true that they contribute to the graver
disorders that, as the Public Health
Service survey shows, are notably preva-
lent in January. A person who has
suffered from a severe head cold" in
the Autumn has a lowered resistance to
the more dangerous infections that
come in Winter. Especial care Is there
Evening star., 1933-10-12
High Lights on the Wide World
Excerpts From Newspapers of Other Lands

the Senor Henri Poirier, lost his way
when the company were emerging from
the underground galleries, and had to
endure the whole night surrounded by
bones and rats. When found and led
out the following day he had lost his
reason. Since then no other social
or artistic affair has been prosecuted
in this subterranean cemetery: to make
1t q sound-box reverberating bizarre
and frivolous strains would truly be q
desecration.
Neolithic Sheep
Found in Ireland,
Irish Independent, Dublin. - The
earth has given up some strange freaks
from time to time as revealed in re-
ports OF discoveries in Irish bogs and
dried-up beds of ancient rivers. The
latest find is that of a 4,000-year -old
skeleton Of a sheep excavated in q
neolithic camp near Brighton, Eng
land. When the skeleton is ultimately
restored interesting comparisons can
be made with the anatomy of the mod
ern sheep.
Scientists hope that these relics of
a bygone civilization, including human
remains. skeletons of animals and
samples Of pottery. will establish hith-
erto unknown relationships with the
pioneer work Of the bronze age