davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-03-08
Federal Reserve
 Banks After Gold
aContinued from Page 1)

and at first was interpreted, as applying only to this federal re- serve district. Later interpreta- Secretary Woodin, however, made eral Reserve districts.
 The order specified that the Federal Reserve Bank could ad- vance currency to banks only if assured that there was emergency need for assistance. The signif- icant part of the order, however, was felt to be the provision that banks could only receive aid by showing full evidence of co-opera- ton with the federal emergency regulations, and by turning over their entire gold supplies to the Federal Reserve system, possibly to be used as backing for new currency issues.
 Some bankers thought the move presag ged a further loosening of federal reserve restrictions which might make it possible for New York banks to resume busi- ness and open at least some parts of depositor's accounts without re- sorting to clearing house scrip which already has been printed and made ready for distribution.
 In any event, banks prepared for business to-day under the Woodin limitation of business or- ders with far less uncertainty than prevailed yesterday. Several banks opened, closed and re-opened as many as four times yesterday be- cause of varying interpretations of the Woodin orders and their rela- tion to the statewide bank holiday proclaimed by Governor Herbert H. Lehman. Last night Governor Lehman announced that nothing in any of his proclamatios was to be construed as limiting in any way such operations as were authorized by Secretary Woodin, and as re- suit banks to-day will finance movements of food, cash pay checks. and conduct other lines of business permitted by the treasury.
 Other important developments in the banking situation here in- cluded:
 1. Former Governor Alfred B. Smith appointed chairman of state corporation to sponsor statewide scrip issue, authorized by legisla- ture last night. Former Govern or Nathan L. Miller, republican, attorney, named as director.
 2. National City Bank an nounced it was taking steps to di- vorce it's affiliate, the National City Company, by provision that no ex- ecutive officer of bank could be
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-03-08
Tightness Of
 Money More Fatal
 Than Federal Raids
Police Department Checlup Reveals Suspension of Business in Dives About City-New York Orders
 CurtaiIment of Prohibition Enforcement

The bank holiday has closed up the "blind tigers, holes-in-the-wall iand speakeasies' more effectively than any concentrated drive on the part of the federal agents, local police or state troopers.
 This interesting statement of course being only partly true be- came known here today on a cleck-up by curious members of athe police department. No money .5being available and rubber cheeks plentiful some of the refreshment sstands have folded up without Farewell ceremonies or "until-fur- ther-notice" announcements. # Reports from New York city sthat federal agents have been or- 1Sdered to devote their time, energy esand "dwindling funds" to sources of liquor supply and not spend their time seeking evidence in little speakeasies caused only passing in- Everest here.
 W The fact that scores of "under-
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-03-08
Roosevelt Regime
 Changes On Scrip
tContinued from Page 1)

now is 62 per cent. Again there is ample margin. Federal reserve notes in actual circulation on March totalled $3,579,522,O00 The gold reserve was $2,26S,462,- 900.
 In the matter of gold backing for their notes some reserve dis tricts are naturally in better shape than others. It will be possible to shift back and forth so that the supporting gold will be sufficient in all parts of the country.
 Furthermore the Glass-Borah rider to the home loan act may be resorted to if need arises. This bill allows banks to deposit gov ernment bonds with the treasury as collateral for National bank notes.
 At present $s75,ooo,ooo more bank notes could be issued under this law.
 The administration, after fully canvassing the field has fallen back chiefly on the Federal Reserve Act as the foundation of its proposals.
 The act was conceived for just such times-when actual cash can- not be obtained. Basically the Federal Reserve system permits banks to take commercial paper, notes given by business men in the course of making wholesale pur- chases,' and other similar evil dences of credit, and deposit them with the Federal Reserve Bank of their district and obtain paper money-Federal Reserve notes.
 The purpose was to permit banks to get large amounts of paper money when business was heavy. Then as they turn back the money with the shrinkage of commercial transactions the cur rency is allowed to contract.
 That is a simple illustration and the actual process is infinitely more complicated.
 officials are d ct m n throughout to prevent payment of gold or gold certificates.
 Sentiment among congressional leaders for a limited bank guaran- tee continued though there was in- creasing uncertainty as to whether they could surmount the difficult ties and dangers involved.
 IHS OiIlCldl dtJltuue OH q guar antee will be known after Presi- dent Roosevelt submits his emer- gency message to congress tomor- row.
 Abandonment of the scrip plan followed a 24-hour delay in push ing the issuance of clearing house scrip authorized in President Roosevelt's midnight proclamation Sunday.
 At the same time it was learned President Roosevelt is prepared to seek virtual dictatorial powers if necessary to deal with the fast changing banking situation.
 Behind the sudden decision to abandon scrip lie three major con- alterations.
 l.. Local scrip would be of such variety as to cause vast confusion in actual bushes stransactions.
 2. It would amount to a form of printing press money,
 3. Banks still are holding huge sums of cash or assets which may be converted into cash through the Federal Reserve system.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-03-08
BANK HOLIDAY CLOSES LOCAL SPEAKEASIES0
FORMER JUSTICE
 OLIVER WENDELL HOLMES 92
He Celebrated Day Quietly in the Seclusi0n of His Red Brick H q s e at Capital
By JOHN A. REICHMANN United Press stan Correspondent

United Press Stan Correspondent Washington, March S-(UP)- Former Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes of the supreme court cele- brated his 92nd birthday to-day in the quiet seclusion of his red brick home.
 In connection with the birthday anniversary, a law publication printed poem by the Justices father not included in any of the collected works of the "Autocrat of the Breakfast Table"
 The poem, read in 1883 by the author at a banquet in Boston !n celebration of his sons elevation to the Maesachusetts supreme ju- dicial court, reminded the rising young jurist that ''the sage of eighty years and more once crept a nursling on the floor"
 Some of the more sprightly verses:
 "The fearless soldier who has
 faced
 The serried bayonets' gleam ap-
 palling,
 For nothing save a pin misplaced The peaceful nursery has dis
 graced
 With hours of unheroic bawling. ''The mighty monarch whose
 renown
 Fills up the stately page historic. Has howled and wakened half the
 town
 And finished up by gulping down His castor oil and paregoric. 'The justice who in gown and cap Condemns a wretch to strangula-
 ton
 Has thrashed his nurse and spilled
 his pap
 And sprawled across his mothers
 lap,
 For wholesome laws administra-
 tion."
 On two previous birthdays for mer Justice Holmes has sent mes- sages to friends indicating he is spending his declining years phil osophically surveying the history of long lifetime. This year he chose to remain silent.
 Holmes was a young man when the Civil war broke out and dis .tinguished himself in action throughout the conflict. Thrice he was wounded. and once his life was despaired of.
 When the depression of 1873 was at it's worst he was editing his
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-03-08

cover men, in the employ of the federal service will be notified to buy their own drinks with their own money, caused no celebration here. Many of the clubs haven't taken in sufficient money lately to pay the landlord, the gas or elec- tric light company and for inci- dentals.
 Just plain economic conditions caused the collapse. When money becomes more plentiful the fami- liar places may flash a welcome to their old patrons, but for the pres ent scores of them have gone out of business.
 As a reminder to those who are carrying on keeping the home fires the stills-burning for the thirsty the orders to the federal agents do not mean a thing to the emer- gency squad of the police depart ment. Patrolmen Daniel Carson, Fred Hickey and Patrick Moylan are expected to carry on and ar- rest all violators of the liuuor law,
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-03-08
Payroll Checks
 Issued To-day
(Continued from Page 1)

(Continued from Page 1) bury banks will issue scrip remains to be determined. Austin L. Adams president of the Colonial Trust Company returned to Waterbury today from New York, where he arranged for the issuance of scrip to the local clearing house if need ed. He is one of the committee of three bankers chosen at Mondays meeting to make all necessary ar engagements for a substitute for currency, if the occasion warrants it.
 No decision will be given out until congress convenes tomorrow. Whether scrip will never be used in this city and whether the banks will reopen for general business Friday, Saturday or next Monday morning will be known within the next 24 or 48 hours.
 The Merchants Bureau of the Chamber of Commerce were noti- fled today again as to what was expected of them.
 They are expected to accept fac scAJ PoylOii CllCChS dHu IIlOS0 IS. sued by the city of Waterbury up to reasonable amount in ex- change for merchandise or in pay ment of bill. They are to be pro- vided with sufficient fluid currency to carry on their business. They will be able to obtain cash daily during the emergency at the Men, chants Trust company, but it will be a cash-for-cash proposition. No checks will be accepted for cash. :.
 To cooperate with the mer- chants the city of Waterbury and the factories issue checks ranging from $1 to $20. Most of the checks, however, are $1, $5 and $10. Merchants are expected to re- turn the checks as change in any transaction.
 The whole arrangement is ex- pected to be only of a few days duration. All banks are expected to be open for general business not later than Monday and they will take over the task of cashing of all payroll checks.
 The question has been asked thousands of times to the effect, what does a person receive for change if he makes a purchase and gives a check for $1 to a storekeeper in payment of an ar- ticle valued at 30 cents. He will receive 70 cents back in quarters nickels, dimes or what the mer- chant has conveniently at hand. He is not obliged to take any credit slip or a specially devised scrip for use only in that particu- lar store. If merchant wishes to carry on business he is expected to carry sufficient change and to be reasonable in his dealings.
 The New Haven railroad owing to the conditions resulting from the bank holiday has announced a curtailment of service throughout New England. Busses running be- tween Waterbury and New Haven on the New England Transporta- tion company's lines are also af- fcet0ds
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-03-08

always have been issued against commercial paper and the gold re- serve. There is still ample margin for increasing the volume of this paper money by about $2,000,000,- 900.
 In issuing these notes the federal reserve system must maintain It least 40 per cent of gold behind them. Actually the gold backing
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-03-08
BURKE WINS
 MAYORSHIP

Burlington, Vt, March S.-CUP) James E. Burke, 86-year old re- tired blacksmith, has been elected to a fifth term as mayor of Bur- lington.
 In yesterdays municipal elec- tion Burke, a democrat, defeated William H. Wilson, young repub- lican and business man, by 666 votes.
 Burke's four previous terms as mayor were served between 1905 and 1913. A former postmaster, he is now serving his third term in the Vermont legislature.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-03-08
PATENTS INCREASE.

New York-The necessity and leisure brought about by the de- pression joined together to cause a great increase in. the field of in- c. Parmelle of New York shows that in 1sso, 45;ooe patents noa were gesntes oao in iss nt,oS and d. in bricks. glass blackboards and paper inventions brought about by the depression.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-03-08
Kent's Commentaries, which woI

Rents Commentaries, which won him fame in the legal profession.
 Since his retirement from the bench a year ago he has .contin- ued the routine he established in 29 years service as the supreme courts leading liberal jurist. A $20,000 year retirement pay maintains him in comfort. This sum was cut to $10,000 in the economy act last year but has been restored.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-03-08
Governor James Pollard, Virginia
Died of Bullet
 Wound That Was Shot By Chum

Hull, Mass, March - (UP) - John Mcleod, 16, son of g. Man. tasket contractor, died early to- day from bullet wound acci- dentally inflicted by a chum, VII liam J. Ginivan, Jr., 15.
 The shooting occurred in a bath room in Ginivan's home while the youths were examining two re- volvers Ginivan allegedly stole from an office at Paragon Park.
 Ginivan, who was on probation for theft of 15 rifles from a Man. tasket shooting gallery, was ar- rested.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-03-08
CHAIRMANSHIP
 PLUMS AWARDED

Washington, March S.-CUP)- Committee chairmanship plums in the senate were assigned to-day by the democratic steering committee. Majority Leader Robinson an- nounced the seante would make them effective tomorrow in an organization meeting.
 Outstanding committee chair manship assignments were:
 Appropriations, Glass; banking and currency, Fletcher; finance, Harrison: foreign relations, Pitts man; military affair, Sheppard: agriculture, Smith; and naval af- fairs, Tydings.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-03-08

director of company. Action is aft .ermath of resignation of Charles Mitchell as chairman of bank and affliates, which in turn resulted from senate inquiry revealing op- ;erations of National City Company.
 8. New York savings banks de- eide to invoke 60-day clause of savings bank law, requiring depos- itors after holiday ends to give CO., day notice of intent to withdraw deposits. Commercial banks may invoke 30-day notice clause for de- positors in thrift accounts sim- liar to savings accounts.
 4. Wholesale prices of staples advanced but no general increase in retail prices was noted though some stores posted slight rises.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-03-08

car may lead to financial embar- rassment in addition to being very inconvenient. Higgins told police that his car stalled on Newburk road. When he got out to investi- gate, two men drove up in a car and held him up. They relieved him of his billfold from which they took $10O and a check for $10.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-03-08
MOST TEDIOUS JOB.

Trevoux, France-Drilling holes in diamonds is a job that requires the patient of Job. The drilling of a hole .0004 of an inch in diameter requires continuous drilling "A hours a day for two weeks, dia- mond drillers here inform. The process of drilling diamonds is so fine that it has to be done by hand or foot power, no machine being delicate enough to do the work. The drilled diamonds are used as dies for drawing tungten wire fla ments for electric light bulbs.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-03-08
AMBITIOUS HEN.

Evansville, Ind. - Mrs Harry Halvorsen has a hen which seems to be afraid of losing it's head. It's working hard to keep in the good graces of the family. Evidence of the hens work is an egg 1t laid which is eight inches in <circumfer- ence the long way round.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-03-08
THREE-LEGGED CALF BORN

Cheney, Wash = (U.P.) - A three-legged calf was born here on the E. H. Dickens ranch. The shoulder blade is perfect but there is no sign of leg.- Five years ago Dickens sold five-legged calf with six feet to a circus side show for &2sA
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-03-08
CHAMPION FUGITIVE.

Fort Worth, Tex.-Carl Simpson, champion fugitive, has again evad- ed his pursuers. Information that Simpson, wanted on auto theft charges, was in the vicinity of Smithfield caused Deputy Sheriffs Dusty Rhodes and Oscar Hukill to organize posse, of ten farmers to hunt him. They located Simpson, but he jumped fence and escaped into the timber. Once before Simp- son escaped by jumping hand cuffed from a moving automobile.
 India's foreign trade is again in- crea siner -4ts ..,s
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-03-08
.OlcOtt to Have Republican Judges
(Continued from Page D
it for the calendar.

fable it for the calendar.
 This surprise action was fore tast last week by the Democrat when it reported that republicans, heartened by the desertion of three Aemocratic state senators, were go- Ing to claim both places in the Wolcott town court. The action on The Logan bill today evidently <2.eans that the republicans of Vol Dott have won their point and the nnake-up of the town court there will remain unchanged, as Judge George w. Browne has already been ratified for reappointment. es Russell Hayward, brother-inlaw of Coroner John Monzani of Wat &rbury, was considered the most Nkely democratic candidate for the deputy judgeship. Others seeking the post were Walter Wilson and 3ohn Kirschbaum, republican. Marathon Dancing
 E Hartford, Conn.,, Mar. 7-UP) Marathon dancing occupied the time of the house today when bill Co prohibit such exhibitions came in on an unfavorable report. After fengthy debate the bill was re- 3ected.
 N Representative O'Connell, of Nor walk, author of the bill, said he Believed the measure should pass. Nj 'The state should take care of mese morons who engage in such Hances," he said.
 Z Representative J. Mortimer Bell, of Salisbury, agreed with O'Con- Hells characterization of marathon dancers, but favored permitting He dances.
 N "Let these morons continue on 15ntil the darn fools kill themselves and put an end to the business" he said.
 ' Majority Leader Baldwin took a hand in the debate, holding that it Eould be foolish to abolish the Iharathons. He said that while per- sons may injure themselves by par dcipating, the same held true of fuch games as football, basket hall, baseball and hockey.
 s "Yes, but there is no skill in it" tnterposed Mrs. Josepha Whitney, New Haven.
 Well as a Yale alumni, I've Keen lot of Yale football games in which this same charge holds true. There was very little skill in fhem," retorted Baldwin.
 E Marathons contended Represen- tative Epaphroditus Peck, Bristol, are ''almost the bottom of silli- ness. They are exceeded only by tree sitting in his opinion.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-03-08
Mahaney Was
 Nominated
(Continued from Page D

(SOnIluu0Q lTOIu EdS6 l opposed for the nomination. He is the oldest democratic member of the house in point of service and he succeeds John Mahoney of Der by.
 At the republican caucus to be held later this week Merritt Wal ters of Prospect will be renomi- mated, and, of course, reelected, for auditor, the post he now holds. The full caucus of both democrats and republicans may be held next week with @ contest looming be- tween Representative Mahoney and A. Sidney Lynch of West Ha- ven, former secretary of the demo- cratic state central committee and a brother of State Senator John F. Lynch, New Haven county g. o. p. boss.
 The committee on cities and bor- oughs was scheduled to hold a hearing this afternoon on a bill proposed by Representatives Scott of Watertown amending the char ter of the Watertown Fire District.
 Next Tuesday afternoon the committee on appropriations, of which Senator Lawlor of Water- bury is member, will hold a hearing on a bill authorizing an appropriation of $2,500,000 for the new soldiers home on Rocky Hill. Exservicemen throughout the state are vitally interested in this meas ure and the hearing is bound to attract a full attendance.
 Tomorrow afternoon the judi ciary committee is scheduled to hold a hearing on bills introduced by Senator Lawlor of Waterbury. One relates to the retirement of Thomas Dudley, superior court messenger at Waterbury; the other the restoration of rights to prac- tice medicine to George Faber of Waterbury.
 A definite assignment for the Lawlor horse racing bills was an- nounced to-day. Originally sched- uled to be held yesterday afternoon the bills will now be heard We'd neSday, March 29.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-03-08

tional banks. which would in itself be almost the same as unification of the banking system because 1t would tend to eliminate state banks.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-03-08
Judge McNiff May
 Be Ranking Judge
(Continued from Page 1)

eral bills concerning voting ma- chimes, including that of Repre- sentative Hogan of Torrington seeking to install machines in all the towns of the state. The fight over the fifth congressional district seat is believed to have actuated the Hogan bill.
 The House to-day rejected an- other bill prohibiting marathon bills in the state. Representative J. Mortimer Bell of Salisbury de- clared that those participating in these dances were morons and would kill themselves off anyway. Representative O'Connell of Nor wich pointed out that it is the states duty to take care of mor- ons. Representative Peck of Bris- tol asserted that if the state took care of these marathoners it would also have to provide for tree-sitters and other thrill seekers.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-03-08

made all common pleas judges of t3equal rank and likewise made their tsalaries the same. However, with the unfavorable report looming it sswas decided to protect Judge Me- srJiff and enable him to be placed on sthe same status as the judges of Fhe common pleas courts, inas-
 much as his duties and those of the sjudge, Edward J. Finn, are the Msame.
 It is understood that the bill
 being raised in committee has been
 mentioned to leading members of sthe Waterbury Bar Association and Nhas been heartily endorsed by Them. It also is looked upon with
 Favor by members of the judiciary rcommittee.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-03-08
HE'LL QUIT sTALLING.

Evansville, Ind.-Gilbert Higgins salesman, has found that a stalled
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-03-08
LAWYER IS NEW PRESIDENT

Seattle = (U. P.) = Cassius B. Bates, one of Seattle's outstanding lawyers, is the new president of the Seattle Chamber of Commerce. He Succeeded I. F. Dix, manager of the telephone company, whose term ex- DIFed.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1933-03-08

M The house today rejected a bill ID. Thoms of Waterbury extending the time limit that an elector can
 femain in voting booths from one to two minutes. It was reported fhnfaxorably by the judiciary com- S1nitfee following hearing yester- .xlay afternoon.
 v The senate to-day rejected two
 bills for claims upon receiving un- Favorable reports from the commit Ice on claims. In one Donald Geddes, a former resident of Wa sxerbury and an ex-member of the setate police, sought $6,300 back
 Day. His claim, introduced by Senator Raymond Devlin of New Haven, was that his suspension Hrom the state police department
 was based on a statute not valid. The claims committee pointed out That it was not the duty of that Eommittee to rule on the validity of any statute and recommended &ourt action. Tomorrow the ju- Hiciary committee Is hearing a bill
 hich would give Geddes the neces- Sary permission to sue the state s3or back pay.
 v The other claim rejected was That of Paul Szescetonski of Mid- Hlebury who asked $1,368 for dam- ages to his milk business and COW berd. On July 22, 1881, state Troopers raided a still in the vicin- fly of Szectonski's farm and emptied mash seized at the place into Shat Buck brook. It was the petition &r's cliam that this injured his Bows drinking in the brook and consequently his dairy busi-
 ness.
 % The House to-day reflected sev-