Evening star., 1933-02-26

tional good viii, the Organization Of
International Intellectual Cooperation.
This section Of the Aeague Is one
which I fear very few have heard
about. It has played no part in prac-
tical politics, therefore 1t has not re-
ceived much attention. It was created
to further and develop the interna-
with private and unomcial organiza-
tions in the different countries, and. as
1t Is free from government entangle-
ments, 1t Is not limited to nations that
are members Of the League.
Restricted at First.
The central body, the Committee on
International Intellectual Cooperation
lat Geneva, has national committees in
different countries, with membership
made up of leaders of thought In the
sciences, literature and the arts It is
an organ Of the League designed to fur
ther those activities In the intellectual
sphere which make for better under
standing Of the outlook and ideals In
the higher fields Of intellectual achieve
ment throughout the world.
| In the early days Of the League this
organization was not allowed to func-
ton very effectively, because Of the fear
on the part Of some of It's founders, es-
pecially Lord Cecil, that 1t might open
the door to faddists In q cause that has
suffered much from faddists in the past.
It was felt that the sound policies Of
the League might be brought into bad
repute by the irresponsible utterances OF
theorists, and for that and other rea-
sons this section Of the League has not
been developed as it might otherwise
have been. It has devoted itself more
especially to international movements
In the fine arts and literature and the
pure sciences and has been careful to
avoid anything remotely resembling in
this Polish proposal was submitted to 1t,
1t had not even attempted anything Of
Importance In the field Of political and
social science.
After long discussions, the idea en-
bodied tn the Polish memorandum was
worked over into treaty terms. It Is
not possible here to cover the full text
which resulted from these joint efforts
OF the organization on International
Intellectual Cooperation and the COM
mittee Of the Disarmament Conference,
but want to concentrate on q short
statement Of the whole proposal which
was finally presented by the British and
American delegations in the form Of q
declaration. This text now has been
referred, along with all the rest, to the
participating governments for their
consideration, and the negotiation Of
the whole subject will come up once
more II and when the disarmament
Conference reconveneS.
The text which follows Is substan-
TALLY the declaration Of the British and
American delegations, with only slight
verbal modification. It Is the text which
already has been approved by important
educational bodies In this country. It
runs as follows:
'"The High Contracting Parties,
"Conscious Of the extent to which the
reduction and limitation Of ornaments
depend upon increASing the trust and
confidence Of nations In their dealings
with each other, and
Conscious that the sense of security
which this confidence engenders de-
pends not only upon the present poll
cie& OF governments, but also upon the
international understanding Of the his
tory ana outlook OF the nations them
selves, and
Conscious Of the fact that the con-
ditions Of the modern world make nec-
essary increasing international contacts,
with proportionately greater chance for
either strengthening or endangertng In
ternational peace.
Principles Stressed.
agree to recommend to their compe-
tent educational authorities the study
Of the principles and application OF
pacific settlement of international dis
putes and Of the renunciation Of war
as an instrument OF national policy,
and to prescribe those subjects In all
examinations for government positions
which may involve relations with other
countries, not only In the consular and
diplomatic service, but in all branches
Of the national government.
Invite the cooperation Of the In
ternational Committee on Intellectual
Cooperation Of the League of Nations
to study the services that the cinema,
the theater and broadcasting can rem
der in the furtherance of international
understanding and the ways and means
for increasing the spirit Of tolerance,
fair play and justice among nations.
"To this end the National Commit
tees on International Intellectual Co.
operation in each country shall report
| every year to the International Com
| mission of Intellectual Cooperation on
| the steps which have been taken in
conformity with the obligations arising
under this agreement, and these reports
shall then be published by the secretary
general of the League Of Nations"
Without insisting upon the exact
| wording Of this text, I submit that 1t
contains q program which Is an abso-
lutte prerequisite to the movement for
securing enduring peace. Fortunately
1t requires no revolutionary outlook,
but is a fulhllment of the fundamental
principles that underlie American his
tory. and IS workable under our Con-
stitution. The national government has
only the duty Of submitting a recon-
mendation to the constituted educa-
tional authorities, which with us are
State and local, not national This rec
ommendation Is simply that the study
of politics and civics should be enlarged
to include the implications OF the struc-
ture Of international peace. This means
not propaganda, but scientific study. It
would, however, change the perspective
Of international politics, II generally ac-
cepted.
The only way to rid the world Of
war is to provide adequate substitutes
for it. These cannot be improvised
overnight. The nation that Is not
mentally prepared to resort to arbitra-
ton or to accept the conference method
Is not likely to use any such device for
settling its disputes when the hour OF
crisis comes. There is a strategy Of
peace as well as Of war, and 1t mast be
studied In the same careful way and
worked out for unimportant, trivial
things, instead Of risking all on supreme
issues It Is almost incredible that we
should have no clear idea as to what
are the proper means to use to settle
disputes without resorting to force. Yet
this Is the fact. Few people in any
country have worked out the exact sig
nificance Of the procedure Of concilia-
ton and the relation which 1t bears to
arbitration, whether treaties can be
made adjustable and still retain bind
| ing force: In short, how far sovereign
nations can accept the limitations on
their sovereignty which goes with men,
bership In q word community.
| Education Important.
| 80 ~,nnd a~ &y.n S<,,Av ~ Y,ou