The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-03-25
Speech Delivered by Comrade Stain the Congress- in
Moscoev, of Collective Farm Shock Brigaders

no third path, but the second, the path
to capitalism. For what would tn
return to individual peasant farmin,
and to the kulak system really mean!
1t would mean the restoration of tn.
kulak yoke, the restoration of the ex-
ploitation Of the peasantry by thc
kulakS; it would mean placing power
in the hands of the Eulakg. Can the
kulak system be restored and Soviet
power retained at the same time? No,
this is not possible. The restoration
of the kulak system is bound to lead
to the formation Of kulak power
and to the liquidation of the Soviet
power. Consequently, it would be
bound to lead to the formation Of
bourgeois government. And the form
elton Of a bourgeois government
would be bound to lead to the restora-
ton of the large landowners and cap
italists, and to the re-establishmen
of capitalism. The so-o,lled third
way is in reality the second way, the
way Of the return to capitalism.
Ask the peasants if they want the
restoration of the kulak yoke, the re-
turn of capitalism, the liquidation OF
the Soviet power, and the restoration
of the power of the landlords and the
Ask them, and you will hear what
way the majority of the toilers deem
to be the right way. There are only
two ways: either forward, upwards to
The new collectivization order, or
backward. downward to the old order
of the kulaks and capitalists. There
Is no third way.
The toiling peaSantry acted rightly
when they rejected the capitalist way
and entered on the path of collective
farm construction. 1t has been said
that the way of collectivization is the
right one, but difficult. This is only
partially true. To be sure, there are
difficulties on this path. But no great
object is gained for nothing. And the
fact remains that the main difficulties
have already been overcome, and
those still remaining are not worth
a serious thought. In comparison
with the difficulties undergone by the
workers 1918 years ago, your present
difficulties, comrades of the collective
farms, must appear as mere trif1es.
Your speakers here have praised the
workers Of Leningrad, Moscow, Khar-
kov, the Donetz basin. They have said
that these workers can record sue
cesses, whilst there is much less sue
cess to be recorded among you collec-
tive farmer. It seemed to me that
there was even suggestion of envy
in the words of your speakers: All,
what good thing it would be if we
collective farmers were as successful
as you, the workers of Leningrad, of
Moscow, of the DonetZ basin, of
Kharkov. =. This is all very well. But
do you know what these successes of
the workers of Leningrad and Moscow
have cost? What deprivations they
have suffered in order to be able to
record these successes at last?
could tell you number of facts
from the lives of the workers in 1913,
when not even piece of bread could
be doled out to the workers for weeks,
to say nothing of meat and other
provisions. At that time the best days
were those on which the workers of
Leningrad and Moscow received the
eighth Of a pound of black bread and
half an oil-cake And this state of
affairs did not merely last q month,
or six months, but Two whole years
The workers suffered, but they did
not despair, for they knew that bet
ter times were coming, and that they
would attain decisive success. And
as you see, the workers were right.
WHAT is NEEDED
TO DEVELOP MOVEMENT?
Compare your difficulties and de-
privations with those of the workers,
and you will see that there is no need
to waste serious word on them.
What Is necessary in order to further
the collective farming movement and
to develop fully the construction of
collectivization? The first necessity
is that the collective farms stand per-
fectly secure, and possess the land
suitable for cultivation.
Do you possess this land? Yes, you
possess it. 1t is well known fact
that the best arabic land has been
given to the collective farms, and its
possession secured to them. And the
collective farmers are able to cultivate
and improve this land in peace, with
out fearing that it will fall into other
hands.
In the second place, it is necessary
that the collective farmers have trac-
tors and machinery at their disposal.
Have you these? Yes, you have them.
You all know that our tractor factories
and our agricultural machinery I'M
dertakings are working chiefly for the
collective farms, and are furnishing
these with all possible up-to-date
equipment.
And finally, It is necessary that the
government supports collective farm
ing construction by supplying it both
with labor and with financial means,
and ensures that the aGherenrs of
the enemy classes are not permitted