davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1933-12-29

An article under the caption of
Measures To Avert Lynching,"
contributed by Major William G.
Rivers, United States Army, re-
tired, appeared in the columns of
the New York Herald Tribune
under date of December 10, which
proved to be rather interesting
reading.
General Rivers, who spent last
winter in Key West, had several
articles on various subjects pub
lished in The Citizen during his
stay in this city at that time.
General Rivers military career
began when he left Giles County,
Tennessee, in 1888, going to West
Point, Military academy, and since
that time had served in many
capacities and at different stations
during his long service. At the
age of 81, the time limit, he re-
tired from active duty.
He was in wars in three contin-
ents for Uncle Sam, namely,
Europe, Asia and America, and
had wide experience in military
matters during his service with the
United States forces.
His article, which was printed
in the New York publication as
referred to above, is republished
herewith:
MEASURES TO AVERT
LYNCHING
To the New York Herald Tribune:
Born on farm in the cotton
region, I have memories Of the ex-
citement over the occasional
lynchings in my county. On one
occasion the rumor went through
school of a daylight lynching in
town-the county seat. Many boys
came to school on horseback from
farms several miles distant. | re-
call that on this occasion one of
the teachers mounted his horse
and escorted us through the viii
lage, not allowing us to ride near
the old covered bridge where the
body of the victim was still hang
ing.
One of my older brothers, very
young lawyer, was against lynch
ing; and for a number of years
until his death at forty -eight--he
was able to prevent lynching in
the county. Brilliant and with
great charm, he was respected and
beloved by the ''red-throat" fell
lows from out in the hills, and he
was always able to get hearing.
Summoned to the Jail on learning
of the mob and accompanying his
country friends to the Jail, he
would mount farm wagon and
proceed to harangue the crowd.
In these talks / never heard him
condemn lynching or give any adj
vice or counsel to the mob-noth-
ing about patience, a quick trial
and so on. He said that was fatal;
that his only hope was to excite
the crowd emotionally--to tears
or laughter. Once he got them
laughing or crying, he never fail
ed to send them home, On two
occasions he had narrow escapes
and Grated for about two hours, al
most exhausting his repertoire for
such meetings-the deeds Of local
at Shiloh and Mission
airy Ridge, Andrew Jackson and
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1933-12-29

William Baker, who was one
time an active member of the
Key West Fire Department, was
an arrival over the East Coast
yesterday for a visit with rela-
tives, aftef an absence of several
years. III 3lss-A
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1933-12-29
GENERAL RIVERS WRITES ARTICLE
ONLYNCHINC In new YORK PAPER

the Volunteer State-before hit
ting on some accidental thought
that gave him control of the half
drunken crowd.
/ have read with interest the re-
cent powerful editorials in the
Herald Tribune and in many pa
pers about lynching. Most OF
them were clear and logical, but
] fear they will not have great eff
feet. This is because the editorials
/ have seen are largely negative,
denunciatory and condemnatory,
and fail to suggest any positive
measure for minimizing and elm
mating the evil--except that here
and there Federal anti-lynch law
was recommended. That would
be, am convinced, a fatal mis-
take. Ny feeling is that the in
dividuals in my county did not en-
joy lynching as a spectacle and
did not desire lynching, although
no court proceedings followed the
affairs.
Some fundamental and positive
measures should be carried out to
provide an alternative for mob
frenzy and-this is important-to
convince the country people that
there are effective ways of quick
legal action: In this time of great
united undertakings, aided by
large sums of money subscribed by
the people or allotted BY great
foundations on by sgroups Of noble
men. and women. would IL be inn
practicable to carry out a clearly
thought out campaign to modify
state criminal laws for the trial
of persons accused of the prin-
cipal crimes for which people are
now so frequently executed with
out hearing or trial?
Difficult, of course, and it
doubtless would involve changing
the constitutions of states and of
the United States. But would it
be as difficult and as costly, for
example, as he campaign for pro-
hibition or the campaign against
prohibition? Of course, the direct
appeals-through school books,
Sunday schools, churches, the bar
and the press-should be written
and carried out, as a rule, by men
and women of the states where
lynchings are most frequent. There
is no doubt that there are such
men and women willing to under
take the task.
WILLIAM C. RIVERS,
Major General, u. S. A. (retired)
New York, N. Y,
Dec. 16, 1888.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1933-12-29

DR.. William P. Few, president
of Duke University, born at
Greenville, S. c., &c years ago.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1933-12-29

time president of the RFC, born
in Utica, Sc years ago.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1933-12-29


j L. e. spencer, division freight
agent for the Florida East Coast
Car Ferry company, arrived yes
terday from Miami, attended the
Rotary Club luncheon, and depart
ed for Miami on the afternoon
train.
Mrs, Margaret Maxwell, whe
was spending two months in Key
West as the guest of her son-in-
law and daughter. Mr.. and Mrs.
McCurdy Mora and other rela-
tives, left over the East Coast
yesterday for Miami.
Kenneth Kittleson, of the liqui-
dating division Of the u. S. Gus
tom, service at headquarters in
Tampa, arrived this week over
the highway, accompanied by Mrs.
Kittleson and are guests of Mrs.
Kittleson's mother, Mrs. Charles
Almyda, and other relatives.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1933-12-29

Col. William Mitchell, onetime
head of the Army Air Corps, born
in France (of American parent
age), Sd years ago.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1933-12-29
OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES
Today's Birthdays


u. S. Senator Ernest w. Glib
son of Vermont, born at London
berry, VT, 81 years ago.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1933-12-29

DR.. Raymond S. Patton, direc-
tor of the u. S. Coast and Geo.
detic Survey, born at Degraff,
Ohio, 81 years ago.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1933-12-29

The Puffy has entered big skat-
ing race.
ssI've two pairs of skates" says
the Puffy. ..in case
One pair for my feet and a pair
round my waist.
Twill be the best contest that's
ever been raeed!a
illnxworm One hottie Imperial
EcMenla Remedy il guaranteed
enough for any case. All druggists
are authorized 10 refaad your
money II Il fails--Aavt.
The Washington times., 1933-04-08
0 'BR|EN BEATS
FRAUD CHARGE

Daniel J. O'Brien, former man.
aging director of the Hotel May
flower, was freed from a long
pending mail fraud indictment IN
the Federal courts at Pittsburgh
yesterday.
The indictment grew out of the
refinancing of the Mayflower IN
1923 and was part of a wide
spread prosecution by the Depart
ment of Justice of officials Of the
now defunct American Bond and
Mortgage Company. The Pitts
burgh case was said to be the
single instance where the opera
ting head Of a hotel was in
cluded.
OBrien resigned his post at
the Mayflower following the in
dictment and since has been the
managing director Of a chain OF
hotels in Brooklyn. N. Y.
The Washington times., 1933-04-08
RENT PROTESTS
HAVE MIXED
RESULTS
Reductions Are Most Evident,
Federal Workers Say,
In Older Buildings

Federal employees who initiated
the protest meeting last week
against high rents in the District
of Columbia doubt that the al
legged voluntary reductions Of Ger.
tain apartment properties have
solved the problem.
Most of the reductions, they
say, appear to have taken place
in properties that are verging
toward obsolescence, and the
newer apartment buildings, for
the most part, are clinging to
their scales, except in the case Of
the highest-priced apartments.
The protest meeting was origi.
nally based on the fact that
statistics revealed rental reduc-
tions here to have averaged only
6 per cent, whereas for the coun-
try generally such reductions
were in the neighborhood Of 20
per cent.
RENT CutS I'D teE CeuG
Such reductions as were an
nourced at the time Of the pro-
test meeting in general in the
neighborhood Of IS per cent, and
the apartment managers and
owners expressed the view that
this would meet the cut in Fed
eral pay that went into effect
on April /.
Another grievance of the clerks
however. is the high rate Of in
terest they have to pay if they
are buying their own homes
They say that interest rates have
not declined with other Items
during the economic slump
though money does not earn any
thing like as much as formerly
if it is employed in productive
enterprise.
Trusts Are Not Cut
They are still paying 6 per cent
or more on the trusts on their
homes, and there is no reduction
to conform to their lowered
budgets. They feel that if apart
ment owners are willing to make
concessions on rented properties
there should be similar conces-
sions on the part Of the mortgage
holders.
The Washington times., 1933-04-08
COUNTY GREETS
BEER QUIETLY

Prince Georges residents. some
of whom won't be able to buy
beer in their home towns unless
local ordinances are rescinded,
and the others who will be able
to buy it June / under the new
county beer law, took the ad-
vent of "neW deal beer rather
quietly, police officials through
out the county said.
Practically everyone who
wanted to taste the new brew
drove either to Baltimore or
Washington and got home with
out mishap. Accident records on
the Washington Boulevard failed
to disclose anything that could
be blamed on beer, State and
county police said.
The police believe that avail
ability of good beer" in Wash
ington and Baltimore will do
much to cut down the drunken
driving on the roads and also
the accidents.
The Washington times., 1933-04-08
COMMERCE UNIT
PLANS PARTY

The Commerce Department
Branch Of Federal Employees
Union, No. 2, will hold a card
party tonight at 8 p. m, at the
headquarters of the union. Suite
6O4, ITO Fourteenth st. N. w.
They party will begin with the
showing Of a film depicting
"Scenes in the Grand Canyon" :"
and will be followed by cards.
Each table will be awarded a
prize and there will be a door
price. Refreshments will be
served.
The committee in charge con.
Sists of Harold keenan,, chair
man: e. A. Jutz, j. w. Barrett,
r. N. Saxton, Miss Ellen Jenkins.
Miss Doris Bergthold, Miss Clara
A. Oman, Mrs. Flora B. Murphy,
Harvey S. Clem, Mrs. Ethel M.
Winfree, and Cyrus T. Bright.
The Washington times., 1933-04-08
Interstate Commerce
Branch Has Election

The Interstate Commerce Com
mission Branch Of Federal EN-
ployees' Union No. 2 elected the
following officers on Wednesday
afternoon at a meeting held in
the 7. C. C. Building at 4:30 p. m.
Leo A. Riegel, Bureau of Traf-
fic, president: Lee c. Hosley, Bu-
reau Of Traffic, vice president;
Miss o. C. CLANCY, Bureau Of
Supplies, secretary; Edgar A. Beh-
rend, Bureau Of Supplies, and Lee
C. HoSley, Bureau Of Traffic, were
elected representatives to the
board Of representatives Of Local
No. 2.
The Washington times., 1933-04-08
ORGANIZATIONS
ARE GROWING

Both major organizations Of
Federal employees report sharply
increased interest among Govern
ment workers in their organiza-
ton programs Of late.
The pay cuts under the first
and second economy acts, and
other measures affecting Govern
ment employees, have led them to
the belief that their interests can
best be protected through organi-
zation. Representatives of both
the National Federation of Fed
eral Employees and the American
Federation of Government En-
ployes are unusually active these
days, and report many new men,
-berships received.
The latter organization is now
interested in sick benefit insur-
ance. The Department of Labor
Lodge discussed the matter this
week, and many opinions were ex-
pressed that in view of salary cuts
such insurance seems imperative.
The Washington times., 1933-04-08
VETERANS FEEL
SLASHF|RST

Unobstrusive curtailment Of
services of the Veterans Admins
tration will shortly develop into
a considerable reduction Of hos
pitalization, and a corresponding
elimination of employees, it was
learned today.
The Veterans Administration Is
one Of the first Federal units to
put into effect the new budget
cuts contemplated under the pro-
gram of Budget Director Doug
las. The large slash in expendi-
lures for veterans provided ny
the new economy program will
end, for all practical purposes,
the disqualification Of men for
disabilities not connected with
their military service.
Clamps Are Put On
Heretofore veterans have had
the opportunity to utilize veter-
ans hospitals for treatment Of
ordinary ailments. Now the bars
are up against them unless their
trouble had its origin in the SER
vice.
Inasmuch as general medical
cases rarely require more than
six weeks disqualification, the
condition of veterans hospitals is
expected to show a marked
change in about that time.
Six Weeks Will Show,
Cases now under treatment will
be followed to their normal con-
clusion, but after the patients
are discharged no more will be
admitted. The same condition
is true Of psychiatric cases and
others, to be sure, but results
will be less apparent over a
short period, for often mental
cases require treatment over q
period of years. Moreover, the
great majority Of such cases prob
ably originated in military
service.
By the end Of another six
weeks, therefore, it is probable
that the number Of general
medical cases in veterans hos
pitals will be greatly reduced,
and staff reductions to conform
will be in order.
The Washington times., 1933-04-08
SEE
JOB REWARD IN
WBUREAUS
Emergency Plans May Help In
Patronage Distribution,
Hope of Faithful

Deserving Democrats, who be-
gan to receive intimations some
weeks ago that the number OF jobs
available for them would not be
as large as they had hoped for.
are now looking eagerly to the
creation Of the emergency organl-
cations Of the Government in the
hope that through these their
services to the party may be
recognized.
The sharp budget slashes al
ready administered and the
greater ones yet to come will
eliminate whole bureaus from the
Federal organization, and COM
missions are likely to fare even
less favorably. AS an instance, it
seems fairly certain that the
Compensation Commission will be
absorbed by the Department Of
Labor, with resulting economies
and reduction in the number OF
good jobs available for party men.
That Patronage Headache
Postmaster General James j.
Farley's patronage troubles are
growing acute as the operations
Of the Budget Bureau steadily
limit the opportunities to reward
the faithful.
However, the Department Of
Agriculture, probably the Depart
ment of Labor and possibly other
units seem destined to build up
rather elaborate emergency or.
CARNATIONS, and these will not be
subject to the exactions of the
budget. They will be financed
as emergency operations, by bond
issues, on the ground that they
do not represent recurrent needs
Of the government, but justify an
expansion Of government credit,
as was the case during the war.
Some Good Jobs Here
Incidentally, the Reconstruction
Finance Corporation is an emer'
gency operation, and thus far
there are no intimations that its
rather expensive setup will be
endangered by the Director Of
the Budget. Some of the best
jobs in the government service
are there, and it may be that as
they are not under civil service
protection, there may be chances
for good Democrats.
Civil service reform advocates
are somewhat alarmed by what
they consider a tendency to do
away with certain Federal serv-
ices, ostensibly, while actually re.
tanning them under different
names and stating them with
political appointees. They have
already sounded warnings against
! any such practice, but time will
tell whether it will be needed.
The Washington times., 1933-04-08
BUDGET RELIEF.
HELD LIKELY
THEREBY
Refunding Of Britain's Loans
Cited As Precedent This
Country Might Follow

Federal employees in Washing
ton, Just dealt two heavy blows
by the banking crisis here and
the is per cent reduction in their
pay on April /, are eyeing one
item in the Federal budget with
growing disapproval. That is the
$3.50, 900 900 paid out each year
a interest on the national debt,
which has not been cut at all.
They feel particularly dissatis-
fled that nothing has been done
to reduce that item, in view OF
the practical certainty that the
new budget cuts said to have
been initiated by President Roose-
welt, and to be put in effect by
the Director Of the Budget, Will
mean further drastic curCall"
ments in the moneys available
for Federal bureaus, and the DIS
missal Of large numbers OF en-
ployes.
Lenient to Creditors
In fact, they consider that the
Government has shown an unnec-
essarily hard-boiled attitude to-
ward them in view Of its leniency
to bond holders.
They point out that Great
Britain last year refunded its con-
solidated debt with a marked re-
duction in interest charges. A
patriotic fervor characterized the
Campaign, and possibly some sort
Of moral suasion was brought to
bear on the holders OF bonds
bearing high interest rates.
Inasmuch as the Federal Gov
ernment showed no reluctance TO
exert pressure on holders OF gold
and gold certificates, they see no
reason why similar patriotic i'm.
pulses, or other stimuli, should
not be utilized to cut the great
burden of 750,O00,000 annually,
more than one-fifth OF Uncle
Sans present budget, and more
than one-fourth Of the prospec'
tive budget after large numbers
of employees have been pruned
from the payrolls.
Farm Program Cited
A further precedent is cited In
the fact that the Federal Gov
ernmeht is so much concerned
about refinancing farm mortgages
ct lower rates. .-, -
# farm mortgage holders can
be induced to accept lower rates
why can't the same process be
applied to owners of Government
bonds? Such is their course OF
reasoning, and they are none the
less eager to have that program
advanced by reason Of their be
lief that most government bonds
are ro-7. held by banks or by men
Of great wealth who want to
avoid income taxes.
The Washington times., 1933-04-08
u. S. Workers Praised
For Aiding JObLesS

Federal employees, particularly
those of the Department Of Com
merce, are commended in a let
ter from the chief clerk Of the
U. S. Employment Service for
their efforts to aid needy men to
obtain employment. The letter
reads in part:
'It is hard to estimate the
good you have done. This let
ter Is therefore written to
thank you personally, and
through you the whole depart.
ment, and at the same time to
ask that your people continue
the good work so nObly started.
calling on us If even q few
hours work only can be found.
Ask your employees also to tell
their friends and neighbOrs."
The Washington times., 1933-04-08
IS SOUGHT
FOR VIRGINIA

missionaries" next week will
start a campaign for 'beer in
Virginia" Hundreds Of motorists
from many sections Of the State
journeyed to Washington yester-
day and today to sample the new
brew.
A number of them said they
were going to return to their
homes and seek legislation which
would allow the sale Of legal
brew in Virginia.
A large increase in State rev.
enueS would result.
The Washington times., 1933-04-08
Hurt in Accident,
2 Act IL, Minstrel

Miss Grace Fowler, of Forest
Glen, and Frank Proctor, Of Sill
yer Spring, who play leads in
the minstrel show Of the Silver
Spring Fire Department, went
ION with the show Like real
trouperS last night after an &C
c:dent while en- route to the first
performance.
Both were treated for cuts
and bruises following a collision
between Proctor's car and one
driven by wellington Jackson
colored, Of KenSington. County
Policeman Robert Howes arrested
Jackson on the charge OF reck-
less driving. :
The Washington times., 1933-04-08
EIGHT To SEEK
POLLARD JOB

The campaign for the Virginia
gubernatorial nomination at the
Democratic primary in August
got under full swing this week.
Candidates for the post as well
as potential seekers for the office
are State Senator w. Worth
Smith, Of Louisa: Joseph T. Deal,
former Member Of Congress from
the Second district, and George
C. Perry, Lieut.. Gov. James Price
also is considered a possible can
didate.
It is expected that at least eight
candidates will file for the Demo-
cratic nomination subject to the
primary.
The Washington times., 1933-04-08
Rockville Rotary
Names DR.. J. W. Bird

DR.. j. w. Bird, of Sandy Spring,
has been elected president of the
Rockville Rotary Club at the an.
nual meeting in the Hungerford
Tavern, Rockville. Other officers
elected were otto w. Anderson, Of
Rockville, vice president; l..
Fletcher Schott, of Rockville, sec.
retary, and Sidney H. Xarr, OF
Gaithersburg, treasurer.
The Washington times., 1933-04-08
More Red Cross Flour
Sent to Hu1ttSUiLLe

The fourth carload Of flour for
distribution by the Red Cross
among the needy Of Prince
Georges county is en- route to a
storage warehouse in Hyattsville,
w. r. Beattie, vice chairman Of
the county Red Cross, said today.
There will be 220 barrels in the
shipment to be distributed to
various welfare organizations in
the county.
The Washington times., 1933-04-08
Aide to Talk
To Church Glass

Capt. James D'Orsay Murray,
staff officer for Field Marshal
Allenby, will speak on "Allenby's
campaign in the Holy Land" at
the annual meeting of the ALL
Corners Mems Class Monday night
at the CovenantFirst Presbyterian
Church.
The Washington times., 1933-04-08
Fix Property Sale
For DeLinQUent Tax

About 80 pieces Of property will
be offered at the delinquent prop
erty tax sale in Takoma Park
next Wednesday, according to
totals today. The sale will oc.
cur in the office of j. Wilson
Dodd, town clerk, in the Carroll
Avenue fire hall, and represents
the delinquencies of about so
property owners.
The Washington times., 1933-04-08
Tea House Will Open
ThurSdQH for Season

Redecorated on the interior,
Pierce Mill Tea House will open
for the summer season next
Thursday. The museum Of
antique milling equipment in the
upper story Of the mill, COM
menced last year, will be COM
pleted this season, enabling
visitors to visualize milling opera
tionS of a century ago.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1933-02-13
JOBLESS REACH
HIGHEST PEAK
IN U. S. HISTORY
More Than IL Million Out
of Work in January,
Says A. F. of |. Head.
By United Press

BIZ United Press
WASHINGTON, Feb. 13.-Unem-
ployment has reached the highest
peak in the nations history and a
thirty-hour week, plus federal aid
to distressed states, alone can pre-
vent IAN even greater human catas-
trophe," William Green, president
of the American Federation of fla
Dor, warned today.
More than 100000 wage earners
were out of work in January, Green
said.
The average ACTUAL work week
now is 416 hours. If this were
shortened universally to thirty
hours. Green said 100000 of the
unemployed would be put back to
work.
This, he added, would put new
hope into the hearts of millions,
who for years have known nothing
but despair; it would give new cour-
age and raise our national morale
to have these men at work instead
of walking the streets in idleness
while their fellow citizens carry the
heavy burden of relief"
By United Press
NEW YORK, Feb. 13.-Approxi-
mately one-third of all "gainfully
occupied" persons, numbering IT.
100000, were unemployed in The
United States in November of las
year, according to the latest esti.
mate of the Labor Research Asso-
citation, made public today.