davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1933-08-29

could gather. And when Atahuanpa
had performed his part of the bargain
and called upon the spaniard to ant
him his release. Pizarro ordered him
burned alive. A form Of trial Y. S ar
ranged to give countenance to the pro-
ceedings. The historian Oviedo refers
to the charges flied against the pris-
oner - "a badly contrived and worse
written document, devised by factious
and unprincipled priest, q clumsy notary
without conscience and others of the
like stamp" A certain haste was neces-
sary In the circumstances, because Her
nando de Soto. later to win imperisha-
BILE fame as the discoverer Of the MIS-
sissippi River. was expected to return
and Pizarro knew that he was the Incas
friend.
In the center Of the great Caxamalca
public square the pyre was hastily ar
ranged. Atahuallpa, informed OF his
bore himself with his accus-
toned dignity. At the last moment he
was prodded into normal acceptance of
Christianity and was baptized Then he
was fastened to the stake and strangled
His remains We're denied to his people,
but later they quietly stole them from
the cemetery OF San Francisco for un-
known but reverent sepulture.
Pizarro was assassinated at Lima In
June. 1541. His clerical adviser, VAL
verde, was massacred at Puma. Spain
destroyed the Inca culture and devaS-
tated the land in which 1t had -four
ished. But elemental justice was not
to be denied. Atahuallpa was to be
avenged In full. The Spanish flag flies
no more In the Western Hemisphere.
The royal line of Charles v and Philip
II no longer boasts a throne. Time has
reduced the victor and the victim to
q single dust. The planet spins on.
Evening star., 1933-08-29
Coal Agreement.

Basic agreement between the non
union bituminous operators and the
United Mine Workers of America on
. code under the national recovery
act has been announced. The details
Of the code are to be made public i'm
mediately. For virtually month the
National Recovery Administration has
labored with the soft coal operators
and the mine workers in an effort to
bring about agreement ON a code.
clear that unless such an agreement
was forthcoming the administration
would adopt a code and impose 1t
on the industry. Under this whip and
spur it appears that the soft coal in
dustry is about to toe the line and join
the rest of the country's big industries
In the effort to make the recovery pro-
gram a success.
The acceptance of a code OF fair
practices by the coal industry was
threatened by the determination of the
non union operators not to have deal
ings with the United Mine Workers OF
America The strife between the two
has lasted for years; it has led to
strikes and lockouts, to violence and
bloodshed. If the adoption of the pro-
posed code brings these old opponents
into some kind of smicable agreement
the recovery program of the admins
tration will have to its credit a long
step forward toward industrial peace
In this country.
The marshaling of Americas major
Industries under the banner Of the N.
r. A. is almost completed with this
agreement on cGal. Textiles led the
way, which lMs been followed by the
steel, oil. lumber and automobile in
dustries. If under the operation Of the
recovery act more jobs more pay and
more peace can be brought to Ameri-
can industry the battle will have been
wen. AS industry after industry and
employer after employer has come
under the wing of the Blue Eagle it has
become increasingly evident that the
American people as whole are bent
on trying out this great experiment.
Despite the skepticism Of some Of those
even who have agreed to make trial
Of the recovery program for industry,
the movement is marching on. 1t is
gaining momentum daily.
Ths differences between the goal 0p-
Evening star., 1933-08-29
THIS AND THAT
BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL.

q novel, The reader. instead Of turn
ing pages, shunles . towel and q cake
Of soap.
The pilot" of this type of narrative
Is different, but 1t may turn out even
better than the one in book. and
certainly is fresher and more In keeping
with the morning.
Surely 1t Is life. too.
X ~
The truth Is that many O reader Of
books finds a At of apathy stealing over
him from time to time.
This may show itself at any time OF
the year. not particularly at this sea-
son. when one Is supposed to 60 ON
mental diet Of light fiction"
Heat nor cold has much to do with
the mind, although 1t is true that one
may read better when he Is physically
comfortable. just as he may play and
enjoy music more when he has q full
stomach.
Reading apathy Is something which
calls for q reading vacation. and there
is none easier to take of course, since
1t consists simply of letting ones books
gather dust as they will.
The very sight Of volumes, reposing
quietly on their shelves, Is enough for
the time being.
They are always there.
And how quietly they stand in their
rows, Shaming all noisy entertainments! |!
Even the home aquarium Is not quite
as nOiseless as the bookcases. There
wiz be 'plOp," every now and then, in
the tank, as some fish suddenly darts
forward, leaving a pocket Of air to be
filled by water.
Some fishes are particularly adept at
creating this situation. with is resulting
small noise. but one which can be heard
all over the house at night.
Copeina guttata, one Of the really
shy fishes. indulges III these leaps dur
ing the night. II the owner is a light
sleeper he will be awakened by the
occasional "plOps" of his finny friends
So many OF mans occupations and
hobbies result in noise that it is pleas
ure to point out two, one very old. one
comparatively new. which are quiet.
Books are positively noiseless.
There Is nothing show OF" about q
book. no matter how sensational may
be Ns contents.
A book may tell about the rowdiest
occurrences In the world without max
ing bit OF sound In the telling.
All books stand on parity on the
shelves.
The good and the bad. the exciting
and the dull. the we'll written and the
poorly written. no one could tell them
apart. even the booklover, merely by
looking at them
They are not like human beings who
wear on their own faces plain indica-
tions Of their inner selves.
y
The friend Of books experiences a
keen satisfaction in merely locking at
his charges and realizing that they are
there safely waiting.
| What good Is book to him far away
when the mood for intensive reading re-
turns to him. as 1t will, he knows from
past experiences?
Then he wants his own books None
other will take their places.
This is the great personal satisfac-
! ton OF owning ones own library. no
matter how humble or how extensive
Numbers, after all. are not 50 i'm
portant as worth. That Is why
really good books win In the home
| library. There can be no substitute
| for them. Some of them may be dull
| in one sense. but they are good. and
hence good to have around. Their silent
| presence even Is an inspiration.
Evening star., 1933-08-29
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
BY FREDERIC ]. HASKIN.

What do you need to know? Is there
some point about your business or per-
sonal Life that puzzles you? Is there
something you want to know without
delay? Submit your question to Fred
eric j. Haskin, Director of our Wash
tngton Information Bureau. He is en-
ployed to help you. Address your in
quiry to The Evening Star Information
Bureau, Frederic j. Haskin, Director,
Washington, D. c., and inclose cents
in coin or stamps for return postage.
Do not use post cards.
O. Please explain what the eagle Is
! resting on in the N. r. A. design-I. r.
A. The symbol of the National Re-
covery Administration Is the thunder
bird, taken from primitive designs Of
North American Indians as studied by
the Bureau Of Ethnology. Smithsonian
Institution. In one talon 1t holds a
gear or cogwheel. symbolic Of ma
chinery, and in the other, bolts Of
lightning. symbolic Of the national
energy being directed toward indus
trial recovery.
@. How many children have been
at work tn the United States?-R. F. P.
A. In 1890 there were children up
to is years of age engaged as follows:
Agriculture, 343.000: mining, l.l69;
manufacturing, $3.50; transportation,
8,085.
@. How often do the residents Of
Guam receive mail?-H. F.
A. About once in two months.
@. When will the Scouting Fleet re-
turn to the Atlantic Coast?-K. w.
A. The Department Of the Navy says
that the Scouting Fleet will not return
to the Atlantic Coast before July, 1884,
If then.
O. Who is Louis KRISTEN who Is
named on the Peace Labor Board
G. T.
A. He is the general manager Of Will
liam Filene's Sons Co. of Boston and Is
an outstanding merchant, philanthropist
and civic leader. He is member of
the Massachusetts, Industrial Commits
sion and of President RoOsevelt's In
dustrial Recovery Board. He is presi-
dent of the Associated Jewish Philan-
thropies In Boston.
q Can rain water be used instead Of
distilled water in storage batteries?-
H. W. A.
A. 1t may be. The water should be
caught under an open sky in glass or
emma COnt6lueI. II SHOulO NC diONco
to settle and then strained.
@. Did Gen. Balbo's fleet Of airplanes
comprise both land and seap1anes?-
w NJ
A. They are all seaplanes.
@. Where was Camelot?-A. L.
! A. 1t was the legendary spot where
| King Arthur held his court. 1t has been
! tentatively located in England, IN Wales,
and in Scotland.
O. What kind of jewel was hya-
cinth-N. P.
| A. The term has been applied to a
! violet blue mineral resembling sap
phire, used as jewel In ancient times.
A transparent red or broUnish z1rcon
used as a gem has this name and Ger
! tain garnets are also sometimes called
.hyacinths.
O. Are there any Independent news
papers In Germany?-W E. r.
| A. At the present time, there are
not.
@. How does a person bring suit
against the Government?-W. H.
| A. The Federal Government cannot
be sued except at its own consent, and
to facilitate the bringing of grievances
| Of citizens before the Federal tribunal,
the Court of Claims has been estab-
lished.
| Q. Why are oyster shells good
scratch food for chickens?-T. H. C.
A. The Office of Poultry HuSbandry
Evening star., 1933-08-29
Demoralizing Trend
OF Movie Scenarios
To the Editor of The Star.

To the Editor Of The Star:
If We were to undertake q serious
criticism Of movies" as they move, 1t
would be directed against their un-
naturalness, their inidelity to the fun
damental impulses and unchangeable
sequences Of reaf life and the false edu-
cation of audiences resulting therefrom.
Too often rascality and crime, lust
and lack Of integrity are rewarded with
happiness after a superficial and OBJ
viously impossible repentance in the last
act. The convict turns into q hero, the
libertine becomes a moral model, the
vampire acquires amazing virtue, the
wicked husband or wife has a sanity
finish. Such things do not happen In
life. They occur 50 frequently in the
movies" that young men and girls are
in danger of receiving and accepting
wholly false ideas of human relations
with ifrevocable and inescapable moral
laws. Too many utterly bad things are
condOned on the screen, the natural
progress of character, good or bad, is
too after perverted. The result, 30 far
as immature minds are concerned, can
be only a distorted and unture concep-
ton OF the values Of life and conduct
1t Is to correct this trend that criticism
should be directed, In my opinion.
JACK K1MBAtL.
Evening star., 1933-08-29
Extension of Easier Credit.

The mission which brings Mr.. Jesse
Zones. chairman Of the Reconstruction
Finance Corporation. scurrying back to
Washington from Hyde Park promises
to be one Of the most important In the
recovery program. Mr.. Jones. under
plan for the extension OF bank credit
to the members Of the N. R. A. to help
them over the ifficulties-temporarW
It is hoped-arising from higher oper-
ating costs under the codes.
There is money in the banks now,
and the credit resources Of the country
are being expanded through the Federal
Reserve policy Of open market opera
tions It is not made plain what part
the Reconstruction Corporation will play
In this credit expansion. but 1t can be
taken for granted that the Washington
government will bring all reasonable
pressure to bear on the banks to extend
good loans to those industrial enter
prises which must meet higher pay rolls
and higher costs under the N. X. A.
An easier credit policy and cheaper
money rates are naturally important
plans for stimulating industrial sxpan-
sion, as we'll as helping the N. II. A.
members to make both ends meet until
the theory behind N. r. A. plans vim
dicates itself and profits increase. At
the same time, the Federal Reserve
banks can do more to discourage specu-
lation, under the Glass banking bill.
than before, and have greater power
to dictate the use of credit.
1t will be q question, Of course, how
much the banks will extend credit and
how much credit will be sought for buSi-
ness expansion pending the time that
definite monetary policy is announced
by the administration. 1t is not clear
how the investors are to see their
way to the purchase of bonds, for in
stance, until they know what the Gov
ernment's policy on money is going to be.
There can be no really worth while con-
fidence until the people know something
about the prospective worth Of their
money a few months hence. A price
level, no matter how high. will accom-
plish nothing toward sound recovery II
1t is supported by the artificial device
Of debased currency.
The N r. A. is rapidly receiving the
support necessary for trial of what
ever benefits 1t may have. AS the N.
r. A. plan progresses, the extension and
use Of credit for industrial expansion
becomes another necessary part Of the
scheme. The time is nearing when 1t
will be as necessary to back both pol
icies by the announcement of a third
one to create faith in the soundness Of
the Nations money.
Evening star., 1933-08-29
More Liberal Transfers
Would Win Car Riders
To the Editor Of The Star:

To the Editor Of The Star:
While attention is being directed to
the question Of the merger Of transpor-
tation lines, would it not be in order for
Q street car rider who looks at the mat
ter solely from . viewpoint Of the pub
lie to offer few suggestions?
The street cars lost their patronage
because the automobile invaded their
field and offered superior advantages,
a form OF competition they made no
effort to meet. Instead of trying to
grounds they adopted the suicidal
policy Of charging the constantly di-
minishing number of riders a higher
fare. thus alternating more and more Of
them and losing their patronage to their
rival. As street car men, those In high
places certainly take first rank as auto
mobile statesmen
Now the tables are turned again. The
vast number OF autos on the streets
makes q major issue OF the parking
problem. The street cars have a chance
to regain In large measure the pat
ronage they have lost If they will offer
the public sufficient inducements in
the way Of service. One means to this
end, the writer would suggest, and as
a patron Of the lines he thinks it would
be most effective, would be to issue
stop-over transfers. The motorist can
take In a movie, call on friend, stop
at the shop or the market, and resume
his homeward journey at will. Not
SO the strap-hanger, almost extinct ex-
cept during rush hours. When. he starts
he must go straight through to his
destination or pay an extra fare
Next make these and the regular
transfers good at any stop on the line
beyond the place of issue or the first
transfer point. The transfer is ev1-
dence that the holder Is entitled to pas
sage on q certain line. He cannot
cheat the company IL he Is taken on
anywhere beyond the first transfer
point.
Third, make transfers issued in the
morning good up till noon and those
issued after noon good till midnight
Any issued after midnight to be good
until the cars stop running for the
night.
Many arguments could be presented
In support of these suggestions. but It
seems hardly necessary to take up SO
much space. Lost patronage can only
be regained by offering inducements
that are really worth something to the
public. Street car men have consid-
cred the matter solely from their own
angle-for what they could get out OF
1t at the moment-ignoring the inter-
ests Of the public at large No enter
prise can survive such a policy "Give
and 1t shall be given unto you" This
Is as true today as 1t was 1900 years
ago. As applicable to the street car
problem OF today as to any of that
day or ours. Z. r. LYNCH.
Evening star., 1933-08-29
The Last of the Incas.

In Peru today there will be solemn
commemoration of the judicial murder
of Atahuallpa, the last of the Incas,
August 20. 1888. The crime constitutes
one of the b,ackest stains on the record
of Spain's participation in the affairs
of the New World Recollection OF 1t
never will be permitted to fade. and
generations hence the story will retain
its power to prompt Indignation ana
DISGUST Like the execution OF Joan
of Arc, it will serve as monument to
mans inhumanity to man." reminder
OF the savage quality In human hearts
which civilization as yet has been
unable entirely to correct
Atahuallpa was king with as valid
a claim to royal consideration as any
other individual who ever wore crown.
He was one of what Sir Clements
Markham judges to have been a line
of wise and capable sovereigns, rulins
a vast empire OH such principles ana
With such capacity and wisdom as the
WOflQ has never SCSh UNio'N SA ~
His only "crime" was that OF daring to
fight for his country's freedom from
Spanish misrule But 1t happened that
the leader of the alien invaders was
that monster of in:quity, Francisco
pizarro, the base-born swineherd OF
Truxillo who by ways devious and cruel
mad risen to the command OF plum
dering expedition into the Inca terri
torv south OF Santiago Atahuallpas S
first meeting with the desperate des-
tined to be his murderer occurred AZ
Caxamalca. THE treacherous and AL
dscious Spaniard seized the Inca, VINO
had come to the Spanish camp for a
friendly interview
Every American schoolboy knows or
certainly should know, the sequel
A.ahuallpa, to obtain his liberty Oh
fered to fill a room twenty-five feet
long and sixteen feet wide with golden
vessels and utensils up to line as
high as he could reach. Pizarro,
stepped in cunning, gladly accepted the
offer. Fifteen millions of dollars worth
of treasure was accumulated at the
Incas command His people focked to
his aid with all the precious metal they
Evening star., 1933-08-29

Many q reader finds himself at times
unable to pay much attention to his be-
loved books.
Affairs OF the so-called outside world
obtrude, SO that he has no chance to
read If he wanted to.
Read, that Is, on big scale.
The truth often Is that one runs into
a mood when he does not care to read
much.
This is common, even with the best
and most persistent book consupers.
Life. after all. Is not on paper.
Life Is itself
Unfortunately, life" as a thing sepa-
rate. has taken on the connotation Of
unfavorable activities.
But life may be nothing more ex-
citing than washing ones face.
Too little thought has been given,
perhaps, to that homely necessary task.
Viewed rightly. the morning ablution
may be just as exciting" in the best
sense. as any mystery thriller
One has to put the spirit Of investi-
CATION into it. however.
X
The old intelligence must approach
the problem. as small as it Is and as
unimportant as 1t may seem to many,
before it possesses aspects OF excitement.
1t is putting brains into life which
makes life interesting for human be-
ings. There is just one other thing
which will make life exciting, and that
is willpower The sheer exercise of the
will, divested of sentiment or any other
quality, results in manifestations
strange and startling. abundant the
world around
Mind power Is something different,
and holds the power of making small
affairs as exciting as large ones, all
according to the way one looks at them
Once the mind is directed to some
thing or other. 1t INN adiately takes
on an air OF Importance, because the
mind. as manifested In human beings,
gives Importance to what 1t considers.
Wherefore, there is nothing unimpor-
tant.
Hence, the real interest Of washing
the face.
This simple, homely act. INDUCED in
one Oh more times a day by every one
who can. and no one should forget that
there are many who cannot. (even in
land OF plumbing. Is reduction to
absurdity perhaps, but all the more in
teresting because Of that fact.
No one who has not tried 1t can real
lie the spirit Of investigation which can
be put into such simple act. Because
it is done automatically by the mil
lions every day does not mean that 1t
need be done that way
1t is possible to pause and to con-
slider the soap one uses. the difference
between it and other soaps. the feel of
water on the skin and the difference
between 1t and the feel OF the towel
afterwards
The connoisseur of face washing-we
had almost written it ConnoisSeur of
Face Washing, as no doubt it should
be-will tell you that the peak of
felicity in this great indoor sport ar
riTes with the application of the dryer
x = x
Then it is realized that the chief
pleasure OF water lies in its removal.
that the continued Wetness is not de-
sirable. and is made enjoyable only be-
cause one realizes all along that 1t Is
going to be removed.
No part Of the face washing process
should be sighted, If one is to apply the
mind to it. and get the maximum OF
intellectual pleasure from the job.
So considered. this r1ornipg task can
be made almost as much fun as reading
Evening star., 1933-08-29
France Warns the Nazis.

II they still understand plain talk In
Germany. the Nazis are given "furiously
to think" by the stern warning just
addressed to them by President Daladier
OF France. I'VE are resolved to guar
antee the political and economic mde-
pendence Of Austria" he declared in a
public statement issued, significantly, at
the outset Of his trip to Metz to begin
an inspection Of Frances powerful new
system Of eastern frontier fortifications,
now nearly completed at = cost Of
500 100000 and designed to afford IRON
clad defense against another invasion
by the traditional foe beyond the
Rhine.
We want only peace and order" +"
declared President Daladier. But We
must also See that decisions by the
regular organs OF European life. the
League of Nations and the World Court.
are observed and upheld. These organs
have notably proclaimed and defined
the independence OF Austria"
This is about as near a declaration
Of war-te-be in certain circumstances
as can be put into words. Europe since
the armistice has not reverberated to
palmer or more portentous speaking. 1t
will not be lost upon Hitlerized Ger
many even though it took place at the
very hour that the Nazis were COM
memorating Hndenburg's victory over
the Russians at Tannenberg and
clustering, through Hitler. that Ger
many Is determined to recover forever
the Saar Basin territory when its
inhabitants in 1885 decide by plebiscite
what nationality they desire.
French readiness to guarantee Aus
tria's Independence means that If the
Nazis try to destroy it they will have
to fight France They will hardly be
mad enough to invite such conflict,
which could only end in Germany's
military humiliation and in the loss OF
Htler's throne, as the Hohenzollerns
lost theirs after Germanys earlier effort
to impose her will on Europe. In any
campaign necessary to thwart the
Reich's designs on Austria. Italy and
Czechoslovakia would almost certainly
march with France, to say nothing of
Poland and Rumania.
France is inspired by motive other
than a desire to preserve Austria from
German clutches. The French are not
minded to allow Mussolini to monopolize
the glory Of that achievement and thus
enhance Italian prestige In Southeastern
Europe at French cost.
incidentally, President Daladier's pro-
nunciamento renders innocuous the
League Of Nations pusillanimity In the
Austrian crisis.