davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1933-06-30
Compromise ON Rail Wages
Linked With Recovery Plal

nent settlement Of the troublesome prob
lem may result from future discussions
Of the roads with their employees" The
Cleveland News sees hope for the work.
ers In other lines that their incomes
will not suffer" The Indianapolis News
observes an effort to keep clear track
for the Governments plan Of railroad
improvement" The Charlotte Observer
cites, to the credit of the lines, that
their problem IS not simply the present
problem Of all business-it goes beyond
that. They never shared in boom pros
perity in all the years since the war"
Under the arrangement" observes
the Boston Transcript, IAN increase in
railway revenues In the immediate fu-
ture cannot be urged as an argument
for restoring to the ray envelopes the
10 per cent previously deducted. That
IN itself Is no small gain for the car
riers. They will know where they
stand. And they are relieved of the
dangers involved in complicated pro-
ceedings under the railway labor act
They will not be engaged in urging
further reductions in wages at time
when business seems to be improving
and living costs are likely to rise. 1t
Is state Of affairs the country will
welcome. 1t is in no mood for con-
troversies which can be avoided by
mutual concessions"
"Untimely zeal' is seen by the Rut-
land Herald in the action by the COM
panies ''precipitating a wage-cut dis
pute," although that paper recognizes
that the railroads have suffered from
too much regulation" and competition
by motors. This view is held also by the
Lexington Leader, but the Des Moines
Tribune suspects that the railroads
were "warding OF for the present the
danger OF row over restoring the
older 10 per cent cut" The Oklahoma
City Times argues: In the co-ordina-
tion OF transportation there should be
an adjustment to place all common
carriers on an equitable basis In the
matter Of labor and wages. Undoubted-
ly the railroads have been handicapped
In this respect in the past. largely be-
cause OF the power Of the brotherhoods
controlling important spheres of en-
ployment. There must be an adjust
ment toward equality, If the railways
are to have fair chance of survival"
Evening star., 1933-06-30
Levy Taxes on Excess
Agricultural Products

To the Editor OF The Star:
The more study the present agri-
cultural crisis. and the more I consult
persons competent on the subject, the
more thoroughly I become convinced
that the disas.rously low prices pre-
vailing are due to the fact that too
much farm stun is being grown an
osition, 60 that individual farmers who
have in the past raised barely enough
to supply their living needs find that
in a period Of depression they no
longer realize sufficient profit to meet
such needs, whereas those who pro-
duce on an exaggeratedly large scale
still find the business somewhat prof.
table even at low prices, because of
the huge quantities they have avail
able for sale.
To remedy this intolerable situation.
I think that prohibitive or deterrent
tax should be levied on all Of given
product sold beyond a certain stipu-
lated amount, whether the product be
corn, wheat, cotton, tobacco, or what
not.
Suppose every individual farmer. or
every 100 acres of farm land, were al
tobacco per year free of tax, all over
that limit being subject to a so per
cent assessment Such a plan would
tend to reduce the grand total of to-
bacco raised or sold in year, while
at the same time not restricting in
the least the crop marketable by any
tobacco raiser engaged solely in earn
ing a legitimate livelihood, and the
automatic effect would be bound to
consist in an unfit Of the market
value of tobacco to a sustenance-msur-
ing level.
Verify, humanity must be protected
against itself. 1t is an actual fact that
many Gell-meaning farmers, instead Of
decreasing, increase their acreage of a
particular crop when the price falls
in order to fill up the deficit, thus in
augurating a vicious, or rather, one
may say, geometrically progressive
suicidal cycle!
Such a tax as suggested ought to be
enforced this very season, in order to
save thousands of hard-Working, we'll
nigh destitute farmers from the pros
pect Of sacrificing the result Of their
years toll for a pittance inadequate to
carry them through to the next har-
vest. WILFRED STEVENS.
Evening star., 1933-06-30
District Intangibles
Versus Income Taxes

To the Editor Of The Star:
was glad to see some slight interest
in my letter on the District intangi-
bles tax.
If you consider it in the public in
terest, you may perhaps be willing to
print one final shot.
To residents of the District who are
dependent on small incomes from
money at interest
You are paying to the District an in
tangibles tax which is approximately
equal to 10 per cent of your income
There Is no exemption. -E
Anywhere else a fair income tas
would be l per cent on your income
and there would be exemptions In many
-ases. 8
Is 1t a burden to you to pay 10 times
he corresponding tax in other places?
You have no vote. Write to some
Senators and Representatives anyway
And mean write. P. R. WHITMAN.
Evening star., 1933-06-30
Does New Deal Involve
Russian Recognition u!
To the Editor Of The Star:

To the Editor OF The Star
Once more the question of the recog-
milton of Soviet Russia Is in the minds
Of the statesmen as well as Of the gen.
eral public.
As many other items under the pres
ent administration, this question also
is receiving new deal" This time
it seems there is a tendency to arrive
at something definite. A few facts in
dicate that the administration is begin
ming very carefully and automatically
to investigate the possibility of the re-
lations between the two nations. Pres
head of the Soviet government was
perhaps a camouflaged attempt to shed
some light on Russia's attitude. The
answer was, as should have been ex-
pected, the equivalent Of: I'VE want
to be recognized, and we want to CO.
operate"
But this was not new; something dell
mite was necessary for the beginning
of the bona fide relations. And now
at the London Conference members Of
the American delegation are having
lengthy conversations with the men,
bers Of the Soviet delegation. The
Americans were informed by the Rus
slams that the Soviet government is
about to place bsllion-dollar order in
some country where the conditions will
be most favorable.
Very well, a billion Of dollars could
not be easily found lying on the street
but it is up to the art of American
diplomacy to determine and decide
whether this is q substantial suggestion
or just q bait.
A recognition without q concrete pur-
pose will bring the American people
nothing but the expense involved In
the upkeep Of the embassy and con-
sulates.
It should only be hoped that in this
new DEAL" the American statesmen
will be guided not by the Soviet In
terest, or by any sentiment. including
that Of a bitter Russian emigree, but
as it was in many other instances dur
ing this administration, by considering
the benefit and welfare Of the American
psopla, JAMES s. SWEET,
Evening star., 1933-06-30

the budget. It Is altogether probable
that Tammany's decision, confirmed by
the Brooklyn organization, to carry on
with O'Brien in the next election was
induced by the failure Of the anti
Tammany fusionists to ind an out
standing candidate. such as former Gov.
Smith or Samuel Seabury, both Of
whom have declined. Without such a
commanding figure a fusion move
ment to rescue Greater New York from
the grip of the Tiger will be quite hope
less Of success. So the good old game
will be played again and Mayor O'Brien
will be renominated and will be re-
elected, however loudly the taxpayers
may roar.
Evening star., 1933-06-30
Replies to Mr.. Terrio
On the Marriage Clause

To the Editor OF The Star:
Since your publication saw At to per-
NIT tie opinions Of q Mr.. w. H. F.
Terrio, upholding the marriage
clause" to appear in its columns. !
hope you will concede space to one
who sees the matter very differently.
Mr.. Terrio says the fair-minded citi-
zen should be thankful that leaders
are enforcing this clause. Well, 1t so
happens the "fair- minded" citizen is
not thankful for 1t, because he sees
the injustice, the unfairness, the dis
elimination aimed at women in gen.
eral. It is a step toward making wom-
an again the clinging vine. 1t is only
men like himself, In no way affected by
section 213. who Voice such opinions
and are ready to pat its authors on
the back as being courageous and char
table
Section 2l3 of the economy act is
one Of, II not the most, unfair things
passed by Congress during this de-
preston. It permits all kinds OF dis
ordinations and often hits where 1t
married persons work seemingly to
hoard, they are q very small minority.
The average married woman would
prefer to remain in her home II the
husbands salary was sufdcient to meet
their needs. But what II said husband
has a widowed mother; wife has a
crippled father, an invalid mother?
Where now, Mr.. Terrio, is your re-
mark that, when studied, this phase OF
the situation proves that the married
woman employe deserves no sympathy?
How much have the II unlucky per-
sons dismissed one year ago today from
the Government Printing Office helped
to relieve the unemployed situation?
subject, where is the fairness of a
thing which permitted the discharge
Of a picked II while there are more
than 200 married persons still there
whose spouses are employed by the
Government? If one reads this mar
riage clause correctly, it does not say
two persons in the same department,
but two in the employ of the Gov
eminent" or words to that effect.
Yet its existence permitted this dis
elimination.
ferred to- states that the marriage
clause prOLecCS CQe taxpayer. FledSt
let us understand little more clearly
in what way 1t helps. Surely not by
judging an employees efficiency by his
or her marital status.
When We married women were given
our jobs by civil service 1t was ac-
cording to our ming and not our po-
litical pull or single blessedness.
Any man who had rated higher in
qualification would have been given
the place. So now our duty to the
taxpayer is to kindly step aside for
some one who did not measure up.
If the question Of who needs the
Jobs is to have first consideration
and we married women all agree to the
fairness Of that at this time-why was
it not stipulated that one be allowed
to prove his or her responsibilities?
Why was nothing said of brothers,
sisters, fathers and sons, any whole
family, being employed by the Govern
ment 50 long as it was not husband
and wife.
Unlike my worthy opponent, I have
been very gravely affected by this
marriage clause and know whereof ]
speak.
We do demand fair play in our
sports. Mr.. Terrio, and let's do prac-
tice fair play toward our fellow men
"and women"
MRS. LILLIAN M. YERKEs.
Evening star., 1933-06-30
The Good Old Game in New York.
Yesterday Mayor John P. OBrien Of

AuC OUUu OlU 'UdluC al NCW 4VAh a.
Yesterday Mayor John P. OBrien Of
Greater New York stopped off at Tam
many Hall on his way uptown to at
tend q Bronx subway opening. Per-
haps he stopped to get drink of
water or to have his shoes polished.
At any rate, shortly afterward he went
to a telephone and sent message to
his confidential secretary at the City
Hall, and Immediately thereafter q
typewriter memorandum was handed
out to reporters there to this effect:
"I am a candidate for reelection" "
"A little later news hunters got to Mr..
Curry, the head Of Tammany, who,
stating that he had not seen the
mayor when he called at the hall, de-
clared: II am very glad that Mayor
OBrien has decided to run again; I
think he has made an excellent record
in his first six months as mayor"
While nothing in the way Of an in
dorsement Of the mayors action could
be obtained from Boss McCooey OF
Brooklyn, it was recalled that he re-
Gently remarked to friend: I'D be
Q coward to quit O'Brien now; I'D
rather be beaten forty or fifty times
than desert the Mayor after the way
he has stood up since the first of the
year."
Thus neatly has been stage-managed
the decision of the bosses Of Greater
New York to stand pat with O'Brien
IN November. There has been talk
lately that they may have to drop him
because of the revolt over his proposed
tax plan. advanced as an alternative
for drastic economies in the municipal
administration - Q means Of balancing
Evening star., 1933-06-30
A Navy Second to None.

There can be no doubt Of the In.
tention of this present administration
to maintain the American Navy at
its fullest possible strength under the
existing treaties and At the highest
possible point Of efficiency as the first
line Of national defense. Secretary
Swanson's statement Of . revised naval
policy issued yesterday Is . guarantee
to that end. It is explicitly stated
that the Navy Is to be maintained In
suficient strength to support the ma
tional policies and commerce and to
guard the continental and overseas pos
sessions Of the United States: to create,
maintain and operate q Navy second
to rome and in conformity with treaty
provisions; to develop 1t to maximum
in battle strength and ability to con-
troll the sea in defense Of the Nation;
to organize 1t for operations in either
or both oceans so that only expansion
will be necessary in the event Of war:
to make war efficiency the object Of
all development and training, and to
maintain that efficiency at all times.
Details Of this policy are set forth in
terms that give full assurance that
under 1t there will be no weakening Of
this essential, defensive arm Of the Ma
ton, in ships, in equipment. in arma-
ment, In man power, in training and
in discipline. Under it full-fleet man
euvers will be conducted annually for
. period Of not less than two months.
Shore establishments sufficient to sus-
tain the forces afloat In peace and ca
pable OF rapid expansion in emergency
will be maintained. Aircraft auMiaries
will be developed In all lines. The sec
ondary units, such as cruisers, destroy
ers, submarines and aircraft carriers,
will be kept up in tonnage to accord
with the treaty provisions.
To carry out such q policy is to fol-
low the lines Of the soundest economy.
It will stimulate industry through new
constructions and give employment to
now idle workers and 1t will guarantee
security to the Nation.
Evening star., 1933-06-30

This newspaper puts at your disposal
corps Of trained researchers in Wash
ington, who will answer questions for
you. They have access to the Govern
ment departments, the libraries, mu-
seums, galleries and public buildings,
and to the numerous associations which
maintain headquarters in the Nations
Capital. II they can be Of assistance to
you, write your question plainly and
send with three cents in coin or stamps.
Do not use post cards. Address The
Evening Star Information Bureau,
Frederic j. Haskin. Director, Washing
ton, D. c.
@. If the eighteenth amendment Is
repealed how will liquor be handled
I. w.
A. At the present time no decision
has been made by the CenRress as to
what method Of distribution of alcoholic
beve.ages would be used in the event
that the eighteenth amendment Is re-
| pealed. It has been discussed, however,
and many plans have been offered.
Government control Of the distribution
of alcoholic beverages Is one of the
best-thcught-of plans, similar to the
Bratt system now IN effect in Sweden.
Q. In the early days how did dentists
learn their profession?-O. E. p.
A. Until well into the nineteenth cen.
tury apprenticeship afforded the only
means Of acquiring knowledge Of den
tistry. but in November, 1s40. was es-
tablished the Baltimore College of
Dental surgery, the first college In the
world for the systematic education Of
dentists.
@. How old Is John D. Rockefeller?-
A. He was born July 8, 1889, 70 will
be ninety-four this Summer.
@. How much does concrete rise in
temperature after it is set?-A. B.
A. Concrete rises about 40 degrees
Fahrenheit above its temperature when
laid. When huge masses Of concrete
are laid, artificial cooling is often en-
ployed.
@. How long does it take to 60 to
Palestine from London?-S. A. N.
A. The trip can be made under nor
NAL conditions in six or seven days.
@. Are there any gold workings In
the old countries Of Europe7-B. d.
A. Very little gold has ever been re-
covered In Europe west Of Russia, and
the mines which were worked In the
Middle Ages had long been abandoned.
Recently, however, with the great In
crease in the purchasing power OF gold,
old workings in Austria have been re-
opened and now dredging operations
have been started in the bed OF the
Danube River in Hungary.
@. What is q palla?-M. L. c.
| A. 1t is a small square, generally OF
cardboard, covered on both sides with
fine linen, which Is used In the Roman
Catholic Church to cover the chaltce
during the mass.
@. When did New York City have q
pageant called THE Melting Pot"?-
E. r.
A. New York City In 1914 gave q
Pageant of the Melting Pot" in which
Irish, Bohemians, Croatians, Poles,
Ruthenians, Jews and Italians Of that
city exhibited their native songs,
dances and costumes.
@. Why was the Spanish American
War called the Fifteen Weeks War;
| &C. R.
A. The extent of the Spanish -Ameri-
can War is generally given as April II,
1898. to April II, 1899. However hos
tilities ceased on August 13, 1898.
@. What is the meaning Of the
| French name villefranche?-C. e.
| A. Vile means city or town and
| franche is equivalent to the franchise
or right to vote. Any city in France
Evening star., 1933-06-30
SHOOTING STARS
BY PH1LANpER JOHNSON.

BY PHILANDER JOHNSON.
Learning.
I'm learning lots
I did not know.
The starry spots
Up there aglow
Reveal anew
Both fear and hope
As we look through
A telescope.
! also learn
OF atoms small;
The glass in turn
Reveals them all.
Things that were hid
MY brain cells clutch.
I wish I did
Not learn so much.
And day by day
In plain old print
OF wild dismay
I find q hint.
My calm 1t wrecks
Wiener ! choose
To don my specs
And read the news.
Evening star., 1933-06-30
Appreciates Editorial
On the Lindbergh Gift

To the Editor Of The Star:
cannot allow the editorial entitled
"Footnote to Tragedy" appearing in
Saturdays issue of The Star, to pass
without expressing some Of my emo
tions upon reading 1t.
You have put into exquisite Ian
glage those high sentiments which
review the tragic story and the mannei
In which the experience has been
turned to some constructive service
for years to come I am preserving
this among those rare expressions Of
the public press which reach sublime
zi6xaT JosKpH MCCARTNEY.
Evening star., 1933-06-30

Don't you like catbirds?" asks q
correspondent. II have not seen q
mention OF them in This and That. We
like them because they are 30 sleek and
bathe 30 often"
These interesting cousins Of the
mocking bird and the thrasher have
long been favorites Of this column; II
nothing has been written about them
here. 1t Is not because we do not care
for them.
The catlike cry alone makes them
friends of ali friends Of the house cat.
But In addition to their NEW, which
they make when disturbed, or are angry
in any way. they have a variety OF
songs, and are picturesque, interesting
birds.
Although not striking In coloration,
In its plain slate gray, with black
cap and tail. with some chestnut brown
on the under parts, the catbird always
attracts the bird lover by its 1.-the grace,
Its sickness, and quite attractive song.
No doubt many q person, listening,
mistakes them for mocking birds. al
though their ordinary song Is not as
loud, nor as varied. and they do not
indulge In as much sheer mimicry.
Long before wealthy persons residing
in the North took to spending their
Winters in the South, the catbird, true
to its name, had been wintering in the
Southern States, In Cuba and Bermuda.
Perhaps 1t was natural that . bird
named after the domestic cat should
seek It's ease amid warmth and sun
shine.
Dametella carolinensis is the scien-
tif1c. or fancy" name for this friend
af kA rla ~
the name plainly indicates the favorite
as Of birds. Surely Caroline hath a
musical sound!
As to the bathing habits Of this bird,
We cannot say from personal observa-
ton, owing to our universal failure
with bird baths.
OF course. bird bath is supposed to
be automatic.
Put in q nice one. not too close to
the house. and watch the birds bathe
Such is the theory, and, no doubt. the
practice Of many.
:, If there happen to be pet cats. how
ever. well-house cats recognize no
kinship with catbirds.
The fact that they both bear the
same name means nothing in Their
furry and feathery lives.
~ X \
Hence the bird baths set out by the
cat fancier are very likely to be neg
lected by the birds.
It follows. therefore, that few birds.
cat or otherwise. have INDUCED in their
favorite sport Of bathing in This and
That's baths.
They mostly stay in the trees. where
they pour down their lusty and lovely
songs upon the devoted head Of this
editor
One may have a suspicion, too, thai
human laziness has something to do
with it. No doubt birds prefer nice
clean bath tubs-but how many Of
these outdoor affairs, designed solely
for the birds, are kept In proper condi-
ton for them?
Most Of the bird baths one sees are
dark and soiled inside, and far too
many Of them are either too deep or not
Of sufncient depth.
The birds inform us that about 2
inches Is the depth they prefer. Thi.
gives them plenty Of room in which u
spread their wings and do q lot OF
Hopping. &-s
Birds are not finicky, In the human
sense, but there can be little doubt that
bird bath should be cleaned out more