davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1933-09-19

firing line. These being days OF war,
it behooves the bystander, the non-com-
batant, to develop technique of de-
fense not by armament. but by non
participation.
Perhaps q truce will sometime be
had and the two forces will lay down
their arms, and the casualties will cease.
and it will be possible for the bystanders
to reckon upon brighter prospect OF
continued existence than Is now before
them. Until then 1t is up to them to
mind their steps. to control their nerves
and to keep out of the line Of fire when
ever the guns begin to bark in this re-
version to the predatory period Of hui
man existence.
Evening star., 1933-09-19
A Few Kind Words for
The Banks and Bankers
tn III. Editor Tb. stor,

To the Editor Of The Star:
Permit me to say, strange as 1t may
seem. few kind words about our
banks and bankers. For months this
great profession has borne the brunt
of an unprecedented economic chaos
and with limited exceptions has been
continued to serve the public faithfully
and honestly.
In times of doubt large commercial
industries and corporations limit pro-
duction to almost half, release and cut
the salaries of thousands of employees
and even benefit by the low cost of raw
materials, while bank deposits natur-
ally decrease and loans become long
overdue and yet the public demands
more and easier loans" True. bank
deposits now sllrpass those of any
previous period, but these deposits rep
resent the peoples money and not the
banks. 1t is well known sound bank
ing law that the protection of the de-
positors Is first and foremost and that
loans are not to be made on doubtful
or unsound collateral. No sane per-
son would put his last dollar on horse
that he knew had absolutely no chance
Of winning The same rule applies to
banks and doubtful BETS" The ma
jority of people seem to think of bapk
as some superhuman institution which
is entirely immune from the fatalities
and hardships that usually accompany
such times as these. Banks are also
forced to maintain an unusually high
amount Of cash and absolute liquid
assets on hand to meet the demands
of these passimists who are generally
the cause of the disastrous runs" that
mark an era of depression.
1t is my sincere belief that banks
now are not refusing good sound loans
anv more than they did in good ole"
%. j. E. TOOIE. JR.
Evening star., 1933-09-19
Hitler Afraid of Real War,
Think American Observers

ment was effected with Austria to give
assistance if needed Free port privi-
legeS were granted to free it from de-
pendence on German ports. Friendly
relations with Hungary have been estab-
lished and it is reported that negotia-
tions to reach an understanding with
Czechoslovakia are going on. His far
reaching program has relieved the ten
sion"
The ruthless policy that Hitler's
followers are pursuing is winning the
hatred Of every nation whose soil is
adjacent to Germany" says the Okla
clusion that the complete indifference
of the NaZi to the sanctity of boun-
daries and the rights of other nations
is fast building up an unbroken array
of flaming enemies entirely around
that country" The San Antonio Ex-
press voices the opinion as to the re-
suits of the German policies: Ma
tional SocialiSts-not only in Germany,
but also in neighboring lands-have
aroused general antagonism by their
violence and intolerance. They have
been outlawed in Austria, and Swift
zerland summfrily has curbed their
activities. Europe would benefit by
casting out all such political organiza-
tions'
"A year ago. states the Roanoke
World News. Germany had the SYM
pathy of the United States. but acts
Of the new regime have alienated any
feeling of friendship. There is now q
general spirit of disdain and resent
ment against country that will per-
nit assaults upon visitors. To Ameri-
cans who are used to treating every
visitor with respect, kindness and
friendship Nazi tactics are not under
Standable.'
Evening star., 1933-09-19
immigration Bars
Should Be Stronger
To the Editor of The Star:


May I join in the protest in your
columns last Friday against any lower
ing of the legislative immigration re-
strictions and any relaxation in their
administration.
Every country should take care of its
own detectives. dependents, delinquents.
dissatisfied and unemployed. There are
over ten millions unemployed and their
twenty-five million dependents in our
midst and our employers and chari-
ties ere taxed to their very limit to
care for them.
OF course. all of us syInpathize with
the distressed of other lands. but we
should think first of our own distressed.
depressed and submerged. During the
past fiscal year. according to the an
nual report of the commissioner gen.
eral of immigration. 1886 immigrant
aliens were admitted to the United
States for permanent residence; 139.-
295 non immigrant aliens were admit
ted for temporary residence; 22,362, ,697
alient entrants were examined at our
borders, and S62 ,697 alien seamen ex-
aminations were made at our seaports.
These official statistics show that
our immigration restrictions should be
strengthened both legislatively and ad-
miniStratively. instead of weakened:
and that we should "humanize" for
and think first of the millions of Amer
leans and aliens already here. many Of
whom do not know where the next
meal is to come from and are entitled
to our sympathy first. II there are
special cases of hardship demanding
relief by admitting certain aliens. then
the law or administrative relaxation
that increases alien admissions and
adds to the unemployed here should
also compensate by cutting down other
classes of immigrants now coming. The
interesting fact is that none of the pro-
posals to admit prosecuted and other
aliens contains any compensating re-
striction of any kind. There are al
ready too many holes in the restriction
dixie and any additional hole should
be rejected unless it also plugs up
some Of the existing holes both legisla-
lively and Enthusiastically.
j. D. MASON.
Evening star., 1933-09-19
Storms at Geneva.

Amid anything but promising pros
poets the Disarmament Conference is
about to reassemble at Geneva. Presi-
dent Roosevelts special Ambassador,
Norman H. Davis, will represent the
United States at the resumed sessions
and by his mere presence personify this
Governments ardent desire for results.
But neither the President nor Mr.. Davis
can be under any illusions as to the
dismal outlook for success, amid the
disordered political conditions prevalent
throughout the world.
1t is the present mood Of Germany
which constitutes the principal Stum-
bling block to progress. The Nazi gov
ernment within the past few days has
revoiced the Reichs demands for equal
S~ in ornaments. 1t declared that
GesNsex Snuld not even assent to the
sroposeA International supervision Of
armaments-a scheme to which Presi-
dent Roosevelt is reported to have
pledged American assent-unless such
q system is preceded by disarmament
by other nations-that is, to the level
imposed upon Germany by the treaty
Of Versailles. On the heels Of this de-
fant affirmation at Berlin came the
threat to leave the Geneva discussions
altogether unless Germany's rights
are acknowledged. THE German peo-
pie no longer propose to be treated as
the worlds scapegoat, or play the role
of a pariah nation, to which they have
been condemned for the past fifteen
years" thundered DR.. Wilhelm Frick'
Herr Hitler's minister of the interior.
at a Nazi rally in Weimar last Sunday.
There is, of course, slender hope that
Germanys neighbors will be minded to
make the Reich any armaments con-
cessions in the teeth Of truculent talk
of this sort. The Nazis refusal to
abandon their designs on Austria has
materially strengthened Europe's resist
ance to German clamor for revision
of the Versailles ornaments provisions
Japan's vast military and naval plans
to say nothing Of her unabashed de-
fance of League authority. are another
factor that augurs little hope for Ge-
neva. Both in Japan and Great Britain
at the moment there is considerable
agitation over the naval building plans
of the United States, although, as all
concerned are aware, We are proposing
to do nothing we are not wholly author
lied to do under existing treaty ar
rangements. Naval affairs are not
within the purview of Geneva. which Is
concerned with land and air armaments,
but there will probably be anti-Amer-
lean influences at work there to accuse
this country of impeding the work the
conference has before it.
The American people have always to
remember that it is the reluctance OF
the powers to join in security guar
antees" that, from the standpoint OF
countries like France, deters the latter
from willingness to disarm. Pending
the willingness of others to join in ef-
fectuating security, the French thesis
Is that nations owe it to themselves to
safeguard it on their own account. Al
together, international conditions being
what they are, Geneva revives its dis
armament debate under anything but
hopeful skies.
Evening star., 1933-09-19

abandon the -FOUR lO,OOO-ton, 6-1nch
gun cruisers which this country has
included In the building program. The
least that can be said. II the rumored
protests against the American naval
program are really intended. Is that the
protests will come with Ill grace. Great
Britain, France nor Japan has scrupled
to 60 ahead with naval building and
with the maintenance Of other arms
Of defense, while the United States has
sought by example to persuade the other
nations to look with favor on dis
armament.
The only answer to proposals that the
United States halt or modify its naval
building program should be firm re-
fusal to comply with such requests.
Under the London naval treaty the
United States Is accorded the right to
Navy second to none, with the full
understanding that such a Navy is
needed for national defense It is the
fault Of Congress and the Executive in
the past if the Navy has been allowed
to drop to second and almost to third
place certainly to third place in some
categories Of naval vessels. Since the
Washington Naval Conference in 1922.
the forerlnner of the London Confer
ence. the United States has laid down
total Of 81 naval vessels, Great Britain
l39 and Japan l54. When the United
States shall have advanced its new
program, which has caused so much
stir abroad. 1t still will be short of the
treaty naval strength accorded this
country by 204.380 tons at the end Of
1896. while Britain will be 1877 628 tons
and Japan only 600 tons short Of their
quotas. And. 1t is quite possible that
both Great Britain and Japan will have
still further shortened the gap between
the naval strength and the treaty limits
set for them by that time. The pro-
posal that this country should continue
to neglect its Navy In the face Of what
the rest of the world is doing is ridicu-
lous.
At the time of the London Confer
ence, and at the Washington Confer
ence. too. the question of the tonnage
Of cruisers was to the fore. with the
British particularly stressing the need
OF keeping down the tonnage OF this
kind of naval vessel. The American
naval officers insisted that the larger
cruisers. with wide sailing radius. were
needed by this country because OF the
lack OF American naval bases in waters
away from these coasts. Britain. on
the other hand. possesses naval bases
in every part OF the world and there
fore could care for its defense with the
smaller type Of vessel. 1t would seem
idle to bring this question to the fore
again.
Evening star., 1933-09-19
No Peace Till the Race
Redeems ''CiviliZatiOn''
To the Editor of The Star:

To the Editor OF Inc star.
Permit me to voice. through the
valuable columns of The Star, my
conscientious opinion. that govern
ments which are at best sincere in their
efforts toward reduction of armaments
like those OF crime-suppressing COM
misslons) are merely dealing with
consequences, thus delaying the ne
cessity of seeing and eliminating the
causes. Nevertheless should they sue
ceed in the common effort for disarma-
ment, and even actual prevention OF
war itself, still there will be the prob
lem of preserving mutual friendship
and good will as basis for universal
commerce in order TO insure prosperity
and happiness. But this is impossible.
as long as the ideals of different ma
tions are at variance and in fact, dia-
metrically opposed to one another. The
proper solution. therefore. of humanity's
problems is to be looked for In the
type of intelligence characterized as
"magnanimity." by which worthy rep
resentatives of differing political schools
or forms Of government can be brought
into the melting pot of an emotion
which any one with a soul is sure
TO feel for suffering soldiers on the
battlefield. or the victims Of imperfect
economic systems in the so-called times
VI HNdSC. ID IlO pCdCS. OIL
must not be wished for till the huma
race redeems the word civilization"
and restores the essentials which that
word is supposed to represent All this
can be done. and will be done,
but 1t is better that those who
are able to hasten the desired goal
do something now before they are de-
prived Of their respective possessions
money. brains. prestige. position
whatever they may be. There Is one
fact about democracy. and that Is
no one who can do, or wants to do his
share. has any excuse for negligence:
because the element of despotism and
dictatorship does not have to be con
tended against The Constitution G.
the United States provides every pub
lic-spirited man or woman with son:
privilege to serve the ends Of hume
freedom and progress. c. PHILIPS.
Evening star., 1933-09-19
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN,

drawn from active circulation for
boarding.
@. What is the product made from
cornstalks2-A. ]. H.
A. 1t is called maizoIith, and has
been used on a small scale in the man.
ufacture Of the following articles:
fuses, rings, disks, wheels, bearings,
screws and nuts.
@. How many Of the persons listed
in Who's Who" give their religious
afnliations?-N. s.
A. In the 1930-31 edition 16,629 per-
sons gave their religious Affiliations
while 1894 did not
channel in river? Is it breadth or
depth?-W K
A. 1t indicates the depth.
@. What is the probable age Of a
sugar maple tree six feet in dame
ter?-E. w. v.
A. An open-grown maple Of the type
mentioned might be $50 to $50 years
old. On the other hand. forest-grown
reach only 20 inches in diameter in
l80 years.
@. Why does a shark turn on its
back to attack an object?-C. H. G.
A. Because Of the peculiar con-
formation Of sharks mouth, it is
necessary for it to turn on its back
when attacking an object at the sur
face Of the water A sharks mouth
side OF its body and 1t is, therefore,
unable to bite anything directly above
it without turning over.
Q. Why are alternate green and
pink colorings sometimes seen in small
clouds2-M. S.
A. Iridescent clouds are produced in
the same way as the colors in the
rings around the sun or moon-that
modification Of or effect on, light as
it passes adjacent to any object. IN
. cloud the minute water dropIeJs ao-
count for the coloring to great extent.
O. How did Kosciuszko become an
American citizen? Was he naturalized.
d. I.
A. In 1888 Kosciuszko was rewaroec
for his services with the thanks Of
citizenship. 1t was not possible for
him to be naturalized, since the first
naturalization laws were not passed
until March rs, 1890.
@. Does President Roosevelt have .
large stamp collection?-W w. c.
A. The Presidents collection contains
some 10000 stamps.
G. Where is Palisade Glacier? How
large is it?-E. T.
A. 1t is in Inyo County, Calf, near
the crest of the Sierra Nevada Noun
tains, on the northeast flank Of Mount
Winchell. at the head of Big Pine
Greek This glacier is 12,200 to 13,500
feet above sea level and is the largest
of the small galciers in the Sierras,
measuring about three-eights by seven
eighths of a mile
O. When was the first voting ma
chine used in the United States?-
E. T. r.
A. The first voting machine in actual
use in America was designed by Jacob
A. Meyers, Lockport, N. Y, and used in
1892
O. How deep is the Potomac River
near Chain Bridge?-R. E. A.
A. In the vicinity of Chain Bridge it
as a very rocky and irregular bottom,
with depths ranging from o feet to 81
feet.
Evening star., 1933-09-19
Non-Combatant Casualties.

In any form of warfare the innocent
bystander," the neutral non-combatant,
is often the victim Of the hoStilities.
In contests between nations these vica-
rious sacrifices are numerous. They are
rated as part of the price of conflict
for national honor or for national gain.
It would seem, however, that there Is
no need for such losses of life in the
warfare between the criminal gang and
the owners of property which is just
now raging furit usly. Yet numerous
victims of the gunfire that accompanies
the engagements of this campaign are
recorded, although it is the rule OF
the gang to waste no ammunition and
to shoot straight as well as quickly.
A case just reported from Chicago
perhaps to be considered as the major
front of the gang war, is in point. A
young woman on her way to work in
the morning. stopped at restaurant
for breakfast. While she was eating
two men enterd the place and an
nounced, This is a stickup!" The
woman screamed and Jumped to her
feet in ranic The gun fire had begun
Immediately. the prophet he.n9 aware
OF the character Of th2 intlu ers and
prepared for them One OF the first
shots fired bv the robbers hit the Gus
toner and killed her instantly.
Fad this young woman taken the
holi.up as a matter of course. which it
night we'll have been considered in
that locality, and kept her seat while
the shooting continued she would in all
likelihood have been unhurt. She might,
of course, have been hit by stray shot
In the melee. but that is something no
body can guard against on or nsar the
Evening star., 1933-09-19
and the event has proven him to have

and the event has proven him to have
been right.
1t is desirable. although not neces-
sary, that each worker be guaranteed
the ownership of everything he pro-
duces. his house and all that goes to
make home, but this does not include
land. For best use. land must be held
in trust for its natural owners. the
whole people, like an undivided estate.
Each user of land should pay to the
Government. as agent, an annual rent
which equalizes the varying advantages
of location and public Improvements.
Thus only can be brought about that
economic equality necessary for highest
Of the individual.
q W. g. DUNCAN.
Evening star., 1933-09-19

What do you need to know? Is there
some point about your business or per-
sonal life that puzzles you? Is there
something you want to know without
delay? Submit your question to Fred
eric ]. Haskin. director Of our WASH
ington Information Bureau. He Is en-
ployed to help you. Address your In
quiry to The Evening Star Information
Bureau, Frederic j. Haskin. Director,
Washington, D. c., and inclose three
cents in coin or stamps for return post
age. Do not use post cards.
O. What will public utilities do about
N. r. Al. E. r.
A. A public utilities code now is in
process Of preparation. 1t will not in
clude municipality owned utilities.
,,,t 9. What v is the new dance called
A. Dancing Masters Of America.
Inc, adopted the N. r. A. code
and named q dance for 1t. The steps
can be danced to any rhythm. Cen
tleman's part-FOur slow walking steps,
left, right. left, right, step forward left.
step close, step close, short steps to
right side. Step forward, right, one
long step, step close, step close to
left side Walk forward left, right, left !;
step close to right. Turn forward on
left. making a half turn left, back on
heel as In tango, step forward right
foot, close left foot to right foot. Step
as in Spanish. bridge turn to right.
@. How many distilleries were there
In operation in the United States be-
fore prohibition, and how many are
there now?-D. P.
A. In 1917 there were 507 distilleries
IN operation in the United States: in
1918, 236, and in 1919, "a. In 1892
there were II distilleries In operation
in the United States. In 1918 there
were 1883, 1891 tax gallons Of dis
titled spirits produced; in 1882 there
were $50 800, ,5O4.9 tax gallons produced
Q. When was Speed Holman killed
in an airplane ACCIDENTAL. M.
A. C. w. Holman, operations man
ager for Northwest Airways, vas killed
on May II, 1881, while participating in
the Omaha Air Races.
O. Please give birth dates Of Gen.
Hugh johnson. Senator Huey Long.
Prof. Raymond Moley and Elliott
Roosevelt w. T.
A. Gen. Johnson, August S. 1882:
Senator Long. August 80. 1898; Prof
Moley, September 81 1886; Elliott
Roosevelt, September 16. 1911.
@. Is Nine. Schumann- -Heink q Jew
ess?-H A. S.
A. She had a grandmother who was
a Jewess. Her other ancestors were
Gentiles, and Nine. Schumann- -Heink
herself is a Catholic
@ What Is the natural color Of rub
ber?-C. M. H.
A. Its natural color is grayish-white.
@. Where is the Sunshine High
way?-H. T.
A. This highway, the only interna-
tional project of its size east Of the
Rocky Mountains, connects Alberta S
extensive highway system with that OF
the States Of Montana. Nevada and
California, making an attractive scenic
route along the eastern side of the
Rockies from the Peace River district
in Northern Alberta to San Diego,
Calf, on the south, a distance OF
more than $500 miles.
@. How much money was in hoard
ing when the situation was considered
acute?-R. P
A. 1t is estimated that between ST.
500 900 900 and 81 600. .000,00 was with
Evening star., 1933-09-19

There Is an American language.
Only the studious and exceptional for
eigner can be expected to understand
the propriety physical or grammatical.
OF an announcement that a player
walked on four balls or flied to
first" Such familiar phrases are a
sufficient reminder that the Nation
has q distinctive life OF its own. not
dependent in origin or expression on
foreign culture.
Evening star., 1933-09-19
Reckless Drivers. Should
Have Licenses Cancelled
To the Editor NJ The Star.

To the Editor Of The Star:
Every day we see reckless drivers
who may kill or cripple innocent
people.
All reckless drivers should have their
licenses Cancelled. Fines are useless.
Now the only remedy is to stop motor
ing and use street cars. Tax1cabs are
suicidal THOMNe W. GuAER.
Evening star., 1933-09-19

Earnest dry effort has been made by
Clarence True Wilson to make Idaho q
shining exception to q repeal rule.
Senator Borah regrets that illness pre-
vented him from taking part in the
campaign. Win or lose, the Senator
never disdains a fight.
Evening star., 1933-09-19

AS an exponent of brute strength
Carnera is supreme. Yet those who
have sought to associate pugilism with
social and artistic refinement may easily
wish that the graceful Georges Car
pentier had not been so easily defeated