davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1933-09-07
COMMUNISTS GET DEATH.
Nine Condemned for Staying Maxi Storm
Trooper ct ErtEsth.

DUSSELDORF, Germany, September
z R-Nine Communists, were sem
fenced to death today for numbering
Nad storm trooper And attempting to
kill several others In an attack from
ambush upon . Mani post at Erkrath
June 20, 1882. One prisoner was SEN
fenced to is years and two were &C.
Quilted. "a
Evening star., 1933-09-07

Continued on Page 2. Column So
Evening star., 1933-09-07

CONTINUED on Page 2, Column q
Evening star., 1933-09-07

Continued on Page 2, Column g.
Evening star., 1933-09-07

(Continued on Page 2, Column 81
Evening star., 1933-09-07

Continued ON Page 3, column -
Evening star., 1933-09-07

Continued on Page 4, Column g.
The Washington times., 1933-12-23
Times
Adventure
Club

Chs Cheshire Cat was the
BAvorits wonderland" char
AetGG OF the real "Alice." the
little girl for whom Lewis
Cares wrote his story 81 years
ago
"Alico," now an old, old lady,
% Mrs. Reginald Gervis Har-
GrsGv0s Of CuffnsllS, England.
AswiO Carroll. an intimate
friend Of her fathers, first be-
gan the story 10 amuse her
and her two sisters. It was .
summer afternoon and he had
taken the three little girls for
. boat ride on the Thames.
They had landed to seek .
shady spot and there the girls
demanded o story.
Says Mrs. Hargreaves:
"The part Of the story We
heard that afternoon was all
about the White Rabbit and
che glass table with the gold
key. 4 The Cheshire Cat came
LATER"
CAROLS real name was
Charles Lutwidge Dodgson. He
wrote . number Of other books,
Ill learned works on scientific
subjects, but everyone remem-
berS him as the author Of
"Alice in Wonderfuland."
Early next week (about
Wednesday or Thursday we
will announce the names Of the
winners In our MY Own ADJ
ventures in Wonderland" con-
est. The tickets to see "Alice"
at the Metropolitan Theater
will be mailed out, however, be-
fore the names are published.
We want you to see the show
and we are afraid you will miss
It II we wait too long. The
checks will be sent the lucky
writer's Of tho three best
stories sometime next week. In
plenty Of time to spend them.
CONGRATULATIONS
Members Of tho Adventure
Club celebrating their birthday
anniversaries today include
Paris KeriakOw, 9OA Ninth st.
n. W.T. Thomas Underwood,
RladenSburg, Md; Walter Kreu-
teEL Capitol Heights, Md, and
Jane Lea Johnson. PiScataway,
Md g
Those celebrating their birth
days tomorrow are Alvin Hicks,
007 b st. N. w.; Nancy Joy, Is
Ninth st. 8. E.; Louise Winter.
4eldt, S11 F st. s. w.: Glenn B.
Thompson, jr., Cheverly, Md;
Helen Martin, 3114 DumbartOn
Ave. N. W., and Agnes Drum.
bOur, Indian Head, Md.
Many happy returns, children.
The Washington times., 1933-12-23

GEAR CORA:
90 XOO NjOtO
TN&T OVER ~ TAo0'
SAkt0 UADS OF
CHEWING GUN WERE
REMOVED FROM THE
DESKS OF LIRBEY
AlGA SCHOOL, STU
DENTS DURtE>iG. THE
PAST HEAR7
JACK P4ALutPS
TOLEU10AE9
THANKS, MARTHA DAVIS
OF OES MONIES. rOuAA,
FOR THE. NICE OCRA
HANDKERCHIEF OO SENT
no WEI nAA4
Evening star., 1933-01-29
BRAKE ADJUSTING .

It does not seem to be generally un-
derstood that modern brakes should b
adjusted at the individual brake as
semblies and not In the brake control
system. Usually there is an adjustment
to center the brake shoes in their drums,
and in addition there is always tne ad-
justment to regulate the clearance be-
tween the Ghoes and the drums.
Few car owners know where to ind
these adjustment screws and nuts, let
alone how to make the adjustments. II
is for this reason that the wise owner
goes to a brake expert or the official
service station. Some of these braking
systems require different kinds Of brake
lining on various shoes, so that to mix
the Innings would be to make the brakes
unsatisfactory in service.
Just how the return springs IN the
brake assemblies are hooked I'D also
makes vast difference. If this Is not
done properly in one system, for in
stance, the brakes will not work wen in
reverse
Evening star., 1933-01-29
"FAMILY CAR DOCTRINE" RULE
IS LIMITED BY RECENT RULING
Owner Acquitted in Case Involving Friend of Sons
Accident.

| terized by the court as dangerous"
instrument.
Under the decision laid down In the
family car doctrine" an automobile
owner was held responsible for dam
ages done to another when his automo-
driven by member Of the owners fam
lily. The rule has been modified, how
ever, under the terms Of recent deci-
decided by the District of Columbia
Court Of Appeals In the Burch case the
automobile owner provided an automo-
lily. While the automobile was being
operated for pleasure and the use of
the son, by sons friend, an accident
occurred, the owners son being in the
automobile ct the time. The owner was
held not liable for the accident, al
though the car was being operated by
the friend of her son.s
The facts were undisputed: To the
effect that the son was not driving the
car, but had surrendered its control to
friend, who was driving the automobile
at the time Of the accident, the owners
son being in the rear seat of the car
at the time it struck and seriously in
tured pedestrian.
In o suit against the owner the lower
court instructed q verdict for the de-
fendant-owner. An appeal from the
lower courts instructed verdict for the
defendant was taken to the Court Of Ap-
peals and there sustained by a four
to-one vote. M. Justice Robb dis
Evening star., 1933-01-29
and so THE new DODGE WAS BORN
A Miracle Car" If there pvpr WAC onnI-$5Q5

MO ONE had dared dream of it
IN beforel Even Dodge engi-
neers thought Mr.. Chrysler was
asking for a miracle.
The new Dodge Six must en-
body every feature for which
Dodge cars are famous. Floating
Power engine mountings Hy-
draulc Brakes. .Mono-piece steel
bodies. Double-drop bridge-type
frame >. Free wheeling i. {.
everything ;. not a thing
omitted p. many new, startling
Improvements added-and sell
for as low as $5o5!
They said it just couldn't be
done-BUT-IT WAS DONEi
Only the combined genius of
Walter P. Chrysler and the great
Dodge organization made this
seeming miracle possible. A car
so big-so roomy and comfort
able, with such luxurious appoint
ments! Yet costing only a few
dollars more than the lowest
priced automobiles.
Wait till you drive It'll You've
never known anything like it.
Speed. go. getaway! Push
Evening star., 1933-01-29

sented, taking the view that when a
parent supplies an automobile for the
use Of members of his family the parent
should be held liable to third persons
for injuries sustained.
Doctrine Of Agency.
This liability" declared Judge Robb,
"is based upon the doctrine of agency,
not upon family relationship. In such
circumstances the automobile is being
used for the purpose for which 1t was
kept and, hence, In the parents busi-
ness. the driver acting in furtherance
OF the parents purpose"
In the majority opinion, however, of
the appellant court, in which four Jus
tices concurred, the court refused to ex-
tend the so-called family purpose rule.
ITO extend the family purpose rule to
third persons" declared the court, who
are not operating the car under the i'm
mediate direction of the owner and in
the performance Of his work, merely
upon the theory that an automobile is
a dangerous instrumentality, Is to
establish rule Of liability unWarranted
by modern conditions"
Evening star., 1933-01-29
ALL MOTOR COSTS
+: DOWN BUT TAXES
Auto Levy Bill Last Year Is
Largest Ever
Paid.

All costs of motor vehicle operation
are down except taxes.
!. The motor tax bill this year Is the
largest ever paid, both in total amount
and per vehicle.
Despite the fact that there were
million and a half fewer cars on the
highways in 1882 than there were
during the year before, the total taxes
collected from highway users was
$50, 100000 greater than for the pre-
vious year. The rapidity with which
Government has increased its impoSts
from vehicle owners is apparent when
one remembers that the total tax bill in
1919 was only 1922 100000.
Per vehicle. the special tax cost in
1919 was 1858; in 1882 this was $3.50,
exclusive of Federal levies in both
cases.
Wholesale Value Down.
Meanwhile, the wholesale value OF
the average passenger car Is down from
1882 in 1919 to $540 in 1882.
The gasoline price average In nifty
representative cities In 1882 was 1873
cents per gallon before taxes-in 1919
1t stood at 25.4 cents.
Wholesale tire prices are now but
81 per cent of the 1919 figure. Mean
while, too, the mileage per tire has
more than trebled
Incomes have been reduced sharply
and with the motor vehicle a necessity
in the majority of families, its operating
cost Is matter of real concern in the
family budget.
!: 1t has been estimated that 100000
persons have moved from the cities to
the suburbs-a movement largely made
possible by the automobile.
, More than four million passenger
cars are IN use on farms-and 81 per
cent of all trucks.
To these people the motor vehicle is
Transportation essential, individual
transportation.
Increased taxes mean decreased use
Or abandonment Of the vehicle.
Burden on Car Owner.
Various moves are being made to
transfer part Of the general burden of
taxation to the motor vehicle owner.
Two States now have Seven-cent
gasoline tax-and the Federal Govern
ment collects anSther cent on top of
that Six States levy siX-cent rate;
eight a five-cent tax; II rate of four
cents; II charge three cents, while
only three States and the District of
Columbia collect but two cents. In
every case the Federal tax Of one cent
per gallon is additional.
Three States permit county gasoline
taxes; and five permit municipal gas
oline levies added to the State and
Federal taxes.
The highest gas tax is reported from
an Alabama city-12 cents per gallon.
The price of the gasoline before the
tax is 10 cents!
Evening star., 1933-01-29
Speeding of Auto
May Cause Rust
On Your Radiator

How car speed itself has be-
come one of the leading causes
OF the speeding up OF radiator
rusting, is one of the most inter-
esting of the modern chapters
in motoring. Because of the
demand for greater performance
corrosion has been intensified.
1t must be checked with the aid
OF inhibitors and, in some cases,
with changes in driving habits.
To cool these larger, more
powerful engines, it has been
necessary to use more active
water pumps and provide a
greater radiating surface. This
naturally causes more aeration,
with the result that there is
more corrosion. When more
oxygen comes into contact with
more metallic surface there is
more rusting.
1t is important to keep the
water pump packing nut tight
enough so that less air can be
drawn into the system. Always
use the special oil that mixes
with the radiator solution. Drive
slower If the pump sucks air too
much at higher speeds.
Evening star., 1933-01-29
BY FREDERICK C. RUSSELL.

With Will Rogers back to earth, the
pioneer phonograph company again
advertising His Masters Voice" and
cities discovering that half the traffic
lights weren't necessary anyway, 1t is
but natural that the automotive in
dustry should go back to first principles
and try some Of the proven plans and
policies. During the next few years
cars are going to be much more remi-
niscent of those we knew in the good
old days.
Countless good ideas were abandoned
in the quest for the new and novel,
In the process Of housecleaning many
a manufacturer has found an old idea
that is just what's needed today.
Stroug Hint Seen.
There is sS10ng hint of this in the
newer models now being offered. The
Six-cylinder motor-once pronounced by
the leading engineers Of both CONT
nentS as the ideal type-haS come back
four-cylinder motor Is as old as the
industry, and thus fitting procedure
for these days of going back to first
principles. Winton was doing 1t way
back in the early days.
The industry does not anticipate a
landslide toward fewer cylinders. Sales
OF l2-cylinder cars have been especially
gratifying this year. The motorist who
wants little more than mere power will
continue to prefer the eight What
the trend shows. however, is that no
manufacturer today is going to throw
overheard a good idea just because it
has whiskers. He will give the idea q
shave and try it again
An idea that probably will make its
temperance before long is the plan
of carrying luggage on the roof. This
once gave a smart touch to some of
the finer cars of yesterday. Now that
car bodies are SO low it becomes an
easy matter to sling the bags on the
roof where they are prevented from
slipping off by a low railing of
chromium plated metal. Already there
has been a marked tendency toward
scattering the meters and instruments
on the dash. Grouping them all under
one small panel wasn't practical.
Steering Post Back.
The steering post, once used for
variety of controls. is again to figure
prominently in the revival process.
Some of the new cars will have speed
ometers mounted in the center of the
wheel. Others will have radio and free
wheeling controls on the post. The
idea is to get the important things
nearer to the driver. 1t is now freely
admitted that taking the gas and spark
control off the wheel was about as
senseless as hypothecating good securi-
ties to get rich quick on ballooned
stocks.
Conservative motorists not only want
to see the throttle control back on the
steering wheel, but want the lever to
be long enough so that it can be
operated with the thumb of the right
hand while the other fingers of this
hand are gripped on the rim of the
wheel These conveniences in control
OF the motor, once common to cars,
were abandoned in the quest for nova
lions. Finally the steering wheel be-
came so bereft of controls that it lost
much of its significance. Much of the
bad driving of today may be due to
lack OF convenient controls.
Evening star., 1933-01-29
INDUSTRY DELVES INTO PAST
FOR NEWEST AUTO FEATURES
Old Ideas Taken Up by Car Makers, Who;
Decide to Repeat Former
Successful Plans.

Among the changes in controls
anticipated in the near future may be
included adjustable pedals. the STEP
type accelerator and the primer. One
Of the conveniences of an older model
Of popular make was the special
auxiliary horn button attached to the
drivers door. When busy with his
hands, steering and shifting gears, he
could horn with his knee.
There is a demand among practical
minded drivers for windshields that
open out. This is a very necessary
convenience when forced to drive
through heavy snow and bad ice storms
Water-cooled brakes, a feature of an
early make, may be Appropriated by
the use of fluids for such cooling.
The present trend in balloon tires is
significant. Before the speculative era
engineers produced a real low pressure
tire which provided remarkable COM
fort to car passengers. But the demand
was for speed and so the balloon nearly
reverted to a high pressure tire. Now
the doughnut Is coming into style. The
motorist has again placed comfort back
into its right place.
Study the old cars II you want to
know what the newer ones will be like
The automobile industry has gone back
to fundamentals in the belief that 1t
pays to repeat.
Evening star., 1933-01-29
Milady's Motoring
BY FREDERICK C. RUSSELL.

January may be passing but the mo-
torist's pocketbook keeps thawing for
ever.
I thought she was going to the opera
when she pulled on her white gloves,
but I was wrong. She was just driv-
ing over to visit a sick friend and
wanted to make sure that her hand
signaling would be seen. Had you
thought of this as part of your safety
program for night driving?
If the men folk in the family think
they're so smart. ask them what is
meant by treadle, c. l. d., detent and
rubber biscuit. These are some of the
things motr enthusiasts are talking
about. So that you will be ready with
the answers when the family flunkS,
here are the explanations:
A treadle is the name for foot lever
It is used on one of the new cars in
place of a brake pedal &C. i. d."
stands for cubic-inch displacement. A
detent is a valve in a shock absorber,
used to check the flow of fluid. A rub
Der biscuit is an engine mounting made
Of rubber with air space inside.
Maybe you have noticed it, but the
cars are warmer in Winter because they
are cooler in Summer. A matter Of
insulation against heat and cold LOU
any new car has tighter fitting doors,
windows and floorboards. The insula-
tion and thicker floor mats have done
much to do away with cold feet. I am
not speaking of the gentleman who
knows perfectly well that you need a
new car this year.
When the streets are covered with
snow and ice it is entirely practical
and, of course, much safer to keep the
tires little underinfiated. There will
be more tread in contact with the road
and the car will not be jounced around
as much. Because the tires are running
over a surface of poor traction and are
cooled there is practically no risk OF
injuring their side walls through the
temporary increase in flexing.
Asked how she was able to go about
town all day without getting into diff
Guilty at intersections because of the
icy paving, an inexperienced driver
said she remembered to start in sec
ond gear In fact, she kept in that
gear most of the way about town. Sec
ond is quiet in the modern cars, deliv-
ers Just enough power to the rear
wheels to prevent them from spinning
and aids in keeping the car under con-
troll when stopping.
The idea for the starting arrange
ment on one OF the new cars may
have been suggested by the habit won-
a have Of stepping on the accelerator
Evening star., 1933-01-29
1888 HELD VALUE
YEAR OF INDUSTRY
Motor Car Performance Held
Beyond Dreams of
Yesterday.
BY r. X. WHITE,
Pontiac Sales Manager.

The automobile buyer this year will
shop long and carefully and with q
keen and canny eye to value.
And he will find splendid values from
which to choose, for 1888, beyond all
question, is the value year of auto
motive history
But. of course, all values are relative
No one better understands that fact
than the prospective car buyer of to-
day. His father knew little Of such
matters. Cars and the mechanics Of
cars were mostly closed book to him.
He kicked a tire or two. sat at the
wheel and slammed the door; then
bought himself q motor car largely on
information and belief.
But the average motorist Of today
has grown up with automobiles. He
is as familiar with connecting rods and
compression ratios as his father was
with names and harness. He Is in
formed. motor-wise and critical. He
appreciates beauty In his car, but he
understands, too. the definite relation
that wheelbase and weight bear to rid
ing comfort. He knows the need for
careful balance and pressure lubrica-
Evening star., 1933-01-29
Woods Fires on Increase.

That greater care must be exercised
by motorists when discarding cigars
and cigarettes is demonstrated by the
fact that last year careless campers
and smokers ignited the woods in 1872
places. This represented an increase
of 81 per cent over the year before. In
California, where there is a law pro-
hibiting the discarding of smokes from
automobiles, many owners carry spe-
cial ash receiver which not only holds
the discarded cigar or cigarette, but
provides sure means of extinguish-
ing it.
Evening star., 1933-01-29

when the motor stalls. Women like to
get going. Under the new plan mere
ly pressing on the accelerator attends
to the process of actuating the starter
switch. Women who do not have this
car in their possession, however, will
do well to revise their habit just enough
to make it practical. Step on the &C
celerator, but on the starter button at
the same time. This opens the throttle
and permits the motor to draw in the
gas 1t needs for restart. If the car
is equipped with electrical automatic
starting keep your foot about half way
down on the accelerator while the start
er motor is cranking
Pigskin fortunately appears to be the
mode for gloves. Its rougher texture
makes for f1rmer grip on the steering
wheel and eliminates that danger so
common to a more slippery covering
for the hands. For extra safety strad-
die your fingers over the spokes of the
wheel
Automobile statesmen will be saying
a lot more about high compression this
year, so it is we'll to be posted on some
of the facts. Every engine requires
the gas vapor to be compressed in the
cylinders before it Is fired. The term
high compression" Is, first Of all, mere
ly relative. A ratio of 5 to / was con-
sidered high just few years ago. To-
day some cars are standard equipped
with ratio of 6 to /.
The ratio is simple expression for
the relation between the volume OF the
gas in a cylinder when the respective
piston is at the bottom of its stroke
and when it is at the top. If it COM
presses the gas charge to one-fifth of
its original volume we say the ratio
is to l.
This ratio is determined by the dis
tance (the stroke) the pistons travel
and the proximity of the cylinder head
to the top Of each piston. Since there
is gasket or large complicated washer
between the head and the main block
of the motor the thickness of this has
much to do with the ratio Of compress
sion. It Is the custom now to deliver
cars with a rather thin gaSket, replac-
ing this with q thicker one If owners
refuse to use anti-knock gas or follow
other rules for making this higher COM
preston usable
Two other points you will want to
know for your information when hav-
ing your high-compreSsion motor serv-
iced. Carbon that accumulates in the
cylinders takes up space and thus auto
matically raises compression little.
This may be just enough to cause the
motor to knock or ping" As the
motor gets older compression lowers be-
cause there Is leakage Of gas vapor past
the piston rings.
Evening star., 1933-01-29

tion and proper cooling In his motor.
He has learned why some cars operate
with economy and others do not. In
short. he has very fair working knowl-
edge of the internal combustion engine.
And so, although he will buy on
price, he knows too much about motor
cars to buy on price alone. In his
shopping among the cars of 1933 he
figuratively will look at their teeth,
maintaining q careful distinction be-
tween price and cheapness. He will in
sst upon price with quality-upon the
elements that will assure him maxi
mum satisfaction at minimum invest
ment. Particularly will he demand per-
formance and he win get it, because
motor car performance now has been
stepped up to peaks far beyond the
dreams of yesterday.
Evening star., 1933-01-29
RECEIVERSHIP DELAYED
FOR DRUG STORE CHAIN
Action Against Louis K. Liggett
Co. Extended Until February 90
by Court in Philadelphia.

A Philadelphia court this week grant,
ed an extension to February % of a
receivership action pending against the
Louis K. Liggett Co., chain drug store
operator. which has leases on approxi-
n7etely 500 properties, according to
report received by interested parties
here.
The matter was postponed following
a showing to the court that rent ad-
justment approXimating S1,100,000 for
the company were in sight.
Rent reductions amounting to 25 per
cent have been suggested to affected
landlords by the Liggett Landlords Ma
tional Protective Committee, which is
acting under suggestion of the Phila-
delphia court in an effort to work out
a compromise plan between the COM
pany and owners of properties in which
the stores of the concern are located
H. Clifford Bangs of Washington is
q member of the committee.
Evening star., 1933-01-29
BY HARVEY L. COBB,
General Counsel American Motorists
Association.

The owner Of an automobile, per-
mitting its use by son, who in turn
permits another to drive the car without
the knowledge or consent of the owner.
cannot be held to respond in damages,
under the terms of recent decision by
the District of Columbia Court of Ap-
peals. The decision Is regarded as i'm
portant to local motorists, in that it
modifies the family car doctrine" rule.
Under the family car doctrine" it
was decided some years ago by the Court
of Appeals, an automobile was charac-
Evening star., 1933-01-29

WASHINGTON, D. C.-Gardner-
Steuart Motors, Inc, $40 H
Street NE.
Kaplan & Crawford, Inc, 1929
Champlain st. NV.
B. E. Schrider, Takoma PIX, Nd.
Evening star., 1933-01-29

POTOMAC MILLS-E. s. Ford.
FREDERIcKsBURG-T. F.
Cooke Motor Co.
HAMnTON-H. J. Thomas.
HUME-Ffank Ooode Motor Go,