Evening star., 1933-01-05
CHINESE DENoUNCE CHANG.

SHANGHAI, January GA
sweeping condemnation of Marshal
Cnang Hsiao-Liang as administrator
OF North China and Of his alleged fail
ure to anticipate and prepare adequate
oe1ense for the clash with japanese
troops at Shanhaikwan this week
emanated from various sections of the
Chinese press today.
The papers unanimously expressed
Indignation because of the Japanese
occupation of Shanhaikwan. China's
Northern Railway terminal, urging the
Nationalist government to undertake
resistance to further Japanese aggres-
sion."
In the leading crusade against Mar
shall Chang, the Daily News, an irde-
pendent journal, said:
Chang will not fight. He should be
dismissed and some one named who
viii. The loss of Shanhaikwan brings
the reallzatlon the Japanese aggression
toward China will continue until China
submits Internationally to the Japanese
terms for settlement of the Manchurian
and other Sino-JapaneSe problems.
Does Chang Hsiao-Liang expect persons
Of sound mind to believe his excuses
concerning reinforcements and equip
ment at Shanhaikwan? Chang knew
for months the Japanese eventually
would attack and should have pre-
pared"
Wang Ching-wei, former chairman
OF the Executive Committee of the Ma
tionalist government and who recently
sought to eclipse Chang. also blamed
the Northern leader. In a telegram
from Germany, where he went for his
health, he denounced Chang, saying he
was responsible for the Japanese
hnp fhr1rvfc {1t4
gram was addressed to the Nationalist
government.
The TRADE against Chang apparent
ly was sprecipitated as result of
Chang'S telegraphic report to the gov
ernment, saying that owing to heavy
odds in numbers and equipment and
lack of time to bring up reinforcements
he was unable to aresist the japanese
at Shanhaikwan.
Reporting the Shanhaikwan occupa-
ton, Chang told the Nanking govern
ment that the japanese soldiers blew
up the doors OF their own headquarters,
seeking to give the appearance of q
Chinese attack. Chang also said the
Manchukuo border police at Shanhaik-
wan opened fire. This was all during
the night OF January /, following which
the Chinese forces guarding the south
wall of Shanhaikvan investigated, re
ceiving "a japanese ultimatum for
evacuation of the city within so
minutes. which the Chinese refused"
Later, Chang said, japanese reinforce
ments arrived and fighting began"
Marshal Changs reports, while prob
ably based partially on facts, certainly
failed to convince the Chinese public,
whose feeling toward Japan was now a
strange mixture of hatred and fear. As
the result, it was clamoring for the
government to achieve a definite cessa-
ton of the islanders alleged invasion.
The Japanese authorities here dis.
missed Changs allegations that the JAP.
anese dynamited their own headquar-.
ters as absurd" This Chang state.
ment seemed equally likely to be true
or untrue, but his excuses for failure
to envisage events at Shanhaikwan
seemed fiimsy
demnation Of Marshal Chang, the press
and public praised Gen. Ho Chu-Kuo,
the Cantonese commander of the Shan
haikwan troops, who was credited with
fighting a magnificent battle against
overwhelming odds" Gen. Ho, who
several times in recent months was
credited with saving dangerous Sino-
japanese situations at Shanhaikwan,
had lately resigned as a result of al
legedly unjust criticism from Marking.
When the Shanhaikwan hostilities
started, he was at Peiping, but hurriedly
resumed command.
His direction of the action, one news
paper said, deserved to be written in
the record of Cantonese military
glories" which the 10Th Route Army
established in Shanghai last February.
Reports from Chinwangtao today
estimated japanese casualties IN the
fighting at Shanhaikwan at "a killed,
including four officers. The reports de-
scribed the estimate as conservative,