davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-01-16
United Action Against
Polish Pogroms

capitalist not
fights of the oetariat and broad
oppressed other of the world against u
exploited
fight the victims of fascist white guards and
other This
ternaona solidarity particularly manifest in the big movements IN the
against the OF national minor
9th
against Jews and
in delegates
these organizations before
this character In this connection
necessary sharply with correspondent M Taft
WORKER published Friday claim
ing an actual united 'front.'
that the question OF the hight IN de-
Black Belt
the
natonaleS national
this country The
that question He is also in
complain the calculated to mobilize the broad
called for specific purpose
all-embracing the national question
question that the Tor
action is to fail to consistent political struggle against
Polish atrocities demonstration
the developing forces
toing whole
that Communists should welcome
against
Constructive criticism Of
already rather be the line which
be involved the united front
this
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-01-16
Fight for Relief Is A
Fight tor Lie

AGAINST the merst ruling class and
machnederal state and naionathere is
unemployment movement that ensts hundreds OF thou
sands Of women and children Negro and Whe WORKERS ana
demanding immediate relief
fighting unemployment insurance.
That the capitalist class fears this growing movement indicated
by the of dmgogy that let loose in every part OF the
Thus the capitalist class has oed to
something expected will
4th Most of the state executives and state
legislatures challenged by hunger nrchers have
to stem the Observation-Disclosures keeping at hand display
Lehman have shown in action that they
program that carrying out the capital
offensive,
In the state Pennsylvania governor carries
Pnchos machine most
conditions that state the highly concentrated
industry the other day before the senate committee con-
Quoting hearings the LaFolete Cogan Dill Inc facts presented
perhaps inadvertently damnng indictment of the Pncho adj
minstration.
Mrs Helen Tyson assistant Pennsylvania
without Of existence
Those working eligible unemployment relief
At the present there l099C persons receiving rene Inc
~ such areIief@ was set forth by Mrs TYSON as follows
is instances where work has
has been discovered that they were too
Philadelphia suspended for periods long
weeks at time Continuing the woman pictured condition OF
terrible restitution general breaking down OF health resulting from
medical How hard the professional classes
had their incomes they gasoline trolley
there greater demand than
and themselves joining the
ranks of the starving and destute-at time When ne services are
Reconstruction Finance Corporation
pended relief In the whole State of pennsylvania said
amounts to one-haH cent for each meal
misery challenge the whole WORKING class
against life All these hearings all these
reanng struggle disrupt disnegrate fight
immediate relief unemployment insurance 1t challenge to
there must be mobld millions of starving workers
will engage in mighty class demonstrations part country
There than enough in this country Tor all organization ana
their stolen loot to feed the hungry
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-01-16
ITO Be Continued

Zubatoy, one time Chief Of
the Moscow Department Of the
Okhrana, initiator and founder
of Police Socialism, called "Zu-
batovschina" after him. Support
ed by the Tsarist government and
the organizational machine of
the Okhrans, ZubatOv In 1890
and subsequent years, established
a series of workers organizations,
directed by agents of the Okh-
rama, for the purpose OF COM
batting the revolutionary labor
movement, which was developing
on a large scale at that time.
The platform" of this organiza-
ton, which attracted the p0liti-
cally backward, those who had
not yet severed their connections
with the village, consisted of the
following: the intelligentsia re-
quires Revolution and all kinds
of freedoms, but the workers
need cnly to have their material
position improved, and the latter
may be accomplished within the
framework of the aut0cracy,
which is ready to protect the in
terests of the workers. In order
to strengthen the popularity Of
this organization among the
masses, Zubatov was compelled
TO go the length Of calling
strikes, so as to bring about con-
flicts with the bourgeoisie, who
did not want to bear the burden
of these police experiments. In
these clashes the Zubatov move
ment experienced its first de-
feats. The final collapse of Zu-
batovschina came before the first
Revolution, when it became OBJ
yious that the framework Of the
Zubatov organizations was too
weak to hold back the revOIu-
tiOnary class movement OF the
proletariat and that these Or
CARNATIONS were Collectively be-
ginning 10 serve the interests Of
the revolution. The Gapon move-
ment was the swan song of Zu-
batovschina. After Jan. 8. 1905.
when the priest, Father Gapon.
led the workers 10 the Winter
Palace to petition the Tsar and
when they were ruthlessly shot
down by the Tsar's troops, all II.
lusions concerning police So.
cialism" were dissipated.
Zubatov tried very hard to
plant the seeds Of his teachings"
l among the revolutionary pris.
Noners who fell into his hands.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-01-16

LEGATION issued by the Communist
Party?" / turned around and saw
a worker sitting next to me poorly
dressed. l told him, mo, it is not
issued by the G. P. It is issued by
an organization for workers chill
dren and it is under Communist
leadership"
Then he began telling me that
he was always interested in the
Communist Party, that he even
was Party member before he came
to the United States from Ireland.
He also told me that he has chill
dren and would like to receive the
New Pioneer. He was very glad
looked it, when I took his name
and address and told him that I
would send 1t in and that he will
be notified how he can join.
I am writing this letter because
I think that this incident shows
how the New Pioneer can help
adult readers to get contact with
workers.
s. N, RYNES,
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-01-16

Further, any settlement" Of the
debt question, even so-called ''can-
collation." will not mean carcella-
ton of the debt burden for the
workers. 1t will only mean a REAR
rangement Of the proportions be-
tween the rival state groupings.
But the full burden of the war.
debts will still remain, exacted to
the last farthing, on the workers Of
Europe and America, As per cent
of the Budget in Britain, 80 per
cent of the Budget in the United
States over SO per cent Of the Bud
get in France, goes to the service of
debt. Only the Russian workers
have thrown off this burden and
freed the way for advance. Real
cancellation will only be achieved
also in the rest of Europe and Ai,t@
erica by the proletarian revolution
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-01-16

of the crisis it has been made
abundantly manifest that both the
public and the private debts can
not be paid. But the public debts,
If unpaid, simply pass on to the
Budget, l. e. on to the taxpayers;
the private debts, if unpaid, are
dead loss to the financiers. Thus,
just as the interests of high fin
ance compelled the cancellation of
Preparations, SO the interests of high
finance may now compel the liquid
atjon-whether cancellation or ex-
IRENE revision-of the war debts.
But this settlement will only be
reached after n sharp struggle be-
tween Britain and America. AM
erica, as the Hoover Notes have al
ready indicated, will stand out for
tangible compensation" with spe-
clal reference to markets.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-01-16
PRAISES THE VALUE
OF THE "NEW PIONEER"

Brooklyn, N. Y.
Editor of Daily Worker,
Dear Comrade:
I was riding home on the train
yesterday and was reading the jan
uary issue of the New Pioneer. I
would like to tell you what good
magazine this is for both children
and adults, but about that some
other time.
What I want to tell rather Is
how the New Pioneer helped me to
find a worker who long wanted to
join the Communist Party. and
could not because of the way that
many Party members work.
As l said, / was reading the New
Pioneer, and suddenly | heard
voice next ~ me say. Is this pub
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-01-16

New York City
Editor OF Daily Worker,
Dear Comrade:
With much interest ] read John
L. Spivak's Georgia Niger in
the Daily Worker
A few years ago l read q book
brought over from Germany called
The Spanish 1nquisition' II told
about the terrible fortunes the
Spanish workers were put through
during the reign of the Inquisi-
ton, but i was totally ignorant OF
the fact that the same tortures
were being used in "civilized"
America. This should make us
workers more determined to fight
this rotten brutal capitalist sys-
tenn.
Comradely,
MRS. A. L.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-01-16
Letters from Onr Readers

free and easy style employed in his
recent story was very effective, I
think
Burck is good.
was particularly struck by
Every Day III Every Way l Am
Getting Better and Better" WY
God, Here Comes More Fertilizer"
and "Scat" What struck me for
chilly was the expression he sue
ceeded in fixing upon the faces Of
his subjects.
Comradely,
H h
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-01-16
LIKED "WHAT WAS THAT
gONG?" PRAISES JAKE
BURCK,S TOON s.

Editor Daily Worker,
Dear Conrade:
The Daily suits me fine. Mil
ler's what Was That Song" was
good in parts. His informal Ian
guage is fine, but 1t needs to be
more barbed-casually of course.
Then it will go over strong. He
has good line and should be en-
couraged to use his vehicle for
sneaking through some fundamen-
tai ideas in casual way Tho
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-01-16
NOTICE

Will Comrade Rosa Crossriver,
who sent an article to the Daily
Worker on How to Lose New
Negro Members of the Communist
Party" please send her name
and address at once to Elizabeth
Lawson, SO =, 18th ST., New York,
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-01-16
III.
GIVING EVIDENCE

rs result of many years ex-
perience during the Tsarist re-
gime, the Bolsheviks came to the
conclusion that the best policy was
to refuse to answer any questions
whatever These tactics were die
tated by the methods which the
Okhrana employed in trying to
unearth the movement.
The revolutionist Who fell into
the enemies hands was cut off
from the outside world and kept in
solitary confinement for a month
or two. No questions were asked.
he was just left alone with his
thoughts. This was, so to speak,
the psychological preparation for
the examination. During this pc
riod the Okhrana searched their
archives to discover the exact
identity Of the prisoner. Frequent
ly, the prisoners parents came to
the Okhrana asking for permission
TO visit him. The Okhrana officers
would enter into conversation with
them, and thus learn details of the
prisoners family life. They would
warn them of the terrible fate"
awaiting their son, brother, or sis
ter, as the case may be, and thus
tried to work upon the feelings of
the relatives in order to persuade
them to advise the prisoner to
make a frank confession, be-
cause only lin this way. the Okh-
rama agent would say, will he be
able to escape the fate that awaits
him"
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-01-16
Mw N IN I'm Dramatic Incidents in the Struggle
kM| "A Against Russian TsariSm
e DISH Ks
. - L z | Al
By t. TCHERNOMORDIK


feigned sincerity, were caught in
the trap. From these discussions"
with the arrested reyolutionistS the
Okhrana agents obtained valuable
material which enabled them to-
study the p@--onnel of the revolu~
tionary organization.
THE "REAL 4
BUSINESS" 7
After these free and easy cons
versations, the agent of the Okh-
rama passes to real business. The
examination begins. If the pris-
oner had allowed himself to be
drawn into the conversation" with
the Okhrana agent before the ex-
animation, half the work was
done. The prisoner, without real
izing it himself, continues the con-
versation. The agent tries to as
tonish the prisoner with the ex-
actness of the information in his
possession. "On such and such
date, at such and such an hour you
were at such and such a place; you
carried such and such a parcel.
tied up in a newspaper. You stay
ed there such and such a time and
from there left in the company Of
so and so, at such and such
bnill- of1d mnY1t m ct1ol, a1,d et,ol, :.
place. The prisoner is astounded.
ION such and such a date you we're
at such and such a meeting: there
were such and such persons pres
ent, and you said so and So" He
is even more astonished. "Your de-
mails are of no use, we know every
thing. We have learned it all from
your comrades"
Crushed by this evidence, the
prisoner, already caught in the
tolls of the Okhrana, is forced to
give evidence Either he begins to
give full testimony sparing nei-
Their himself nor his friends, and
in this way unwillingly becomes q
traitor, or he tries to invent evi-
dence in order to disprove the
agents evidence, and in this way
becomes entangled in contradic-
tons, thus strengthening the au-
thenticity of the Okhrana's EVIL
dence. In both cases the agent is
able to obtain fresh material for
unearthing the organization, and
for the trial
Frank testimonies and attempts
to "disprove" the evidence of the
agents produced unfortunate re-
suits. 1t helped the Okhrana to un-
ravel the complicated knot of the
cease, and gave them clues for
additional arrests and for the COM
plete destruction of the organiza-
ton. 1t led to the betrayal of COM
rades, and in cases of imaginary
evidence, to contradictions and to
hints as to the part played by the
prisoners in the revolutionary or
ganization.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1933-01-16
POLICE
SOCIALISM

After a month or tWo--it de-
pended on the speed with which
they gathered in the material
the. prisoner is finally summoned
for examination. The type of ex-
animation conducted by the Okh-
rama magistrate was determined by
the social position and the person
atty of the prisoner. If he was
worker, the nature of the exami-
nation was very primitive. In keep
ing with the brutal customs of
TsariSt Russia and with the atti-
tude of the ruling classes towards
the workers as towards beings of
an inferior breed, the Okhrana Of
ficials tried to terrorize the pris-
oners at once. IF you don't con-
fesS, you son of bitch will have
you rot in prison, you will not
leave here alive" was the CLASH
cal threat of the Okhrana. If the
worker was revolutionist of long
standing, the attitude of the Okh-
rama agent was "nilder". In such
a case they treated him as a pro-
feSsional revolutionist, for they
knew that these crude tricks would
not work.
The treatment accorded to these
professional revolutionists was
more subtle" Opposite the pris-
oner there were seated, not fero-
cious enemies, not brutes, ready to
tear him to pieces or jeering ma
hgnant enemy, gloating over his
victim, but humane" gentleman
who sylnpathized with his "misfor-
tune. The conversation" begins,
the tone is extraordinarily polite,
the face of the Okhrana agent re-
veals deep concern for the fate of
the prisoner. The latter is treated
to expensive cigarettes (the pris-
oner had not smoked for a long
time), tea and biscuits are brought
in, and sometimes a good meal
from the nearest restaurant.
you are still young, your whole
life is still before you; a single
false step may ruin your whole ca
reer. 1t is very difficult for me to
help you in spite of my warm re-
gard for you, because there. is too
much evidence against you. All the
material in our possession speaks
against you. A very cruel fate
awaits you. Only frank confess
sion can save you If you make it,
liberating you entirely. A few days
ago your mother called. Have you
no pity for the old lady? She is
overwhelmed with sorrow, and your
revolutionary enthusiasm is the
cause of it all. If you should be
sent to the gallows. your mother
will never survive it,"
OUCH is the introduction. If this
Gproves of no avail, the official
starts friendly" conversation
with the prisoner on all sorts of
topics, hoping to put him off his
guard. If he is lucky he learns
the political views of the prisoner
and so determines which political
party he belongs to. For interviews
of this kind the most skilled Okh-
rama agents were employed, those
who were fairly well equipped with
knowledge on political questions.
Certainly their knowledge was very
superficial. but it was quite suffi-
Gent for their marrow specialties" .
Since they were often able to get
hold of illegal literature they we're
sometimes even better acquainted
with it than the revolutionist they
we're examining. In this respect
the chief of the Moscow Okhrana,
zubatov,E distinguished himself by
creating a whole school of "edu-
Gated Okhrana agents. Quite a
Evening star., 1933-07-03
HEAVY RAIN HITS
HAGERSTOWN WITH
MUCH PROPERTY LOSS
Continued From First Paee.)


appeared along with all Of the contents
OF the club house. The nine occupants,
who had just started supper narrowly
escaped through q back window when
the club house was carried away. The
high winds. which accompanied the
storm, leveled fields Of corn and hun
dreds Of shocks of wheat were washed
away.
Roads Still Impossible.
Mountain and rural roads today were
still impossible and will be blocked for
days. The road bed in many places
was carried away by small rivulets
which were converted in q few minutes
into roaring torrents from 10 to IS feet
deep. Many small bridges were carried
away.
Three churches, the Reformed. Luth-
eran and Methodist Churches at Sharps-
burg were struck by lightning and
slightly damaged.
Scores Of homes in Sharpsburg were
flooded water standing feet deep on
the first floors
The barn Of Nick Datillo was de-
stroyed after being struck by lightning
and q score Of other places were struck
in various parts of this section, but no
great damage caused.
Persons living in the section hardest
hit reported the low black cloud which
came out Of the West, apparently ran
into the side Of South Mountain, and
for half an hour az inches of rain
fell, almost q normal month Of rain.
Evening star., 1933-07-03
ADMIRAL DAY DIES;
SAW LINCOLN KILLED
Retired Officer, so, Was Seated
Short Distance Away in
Theater When Booth Fired.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated fTess.
LEXINGTON. Va. July 3.-Rear
Admiral Benjamin Franklin Day, 90
retired, senior officer of the Navy died
at the residence of his son. at old Buena
Vista. shortly after midnight today. He
had been in feeble health for some time
but was not confined to his bed.
Funeral services will be held at the
home tomorrow afternoon at S O'Clock
The body will than be CARED to Ohio
for burial.
In the war between the States
Admiral Day was in the Gulf Squadron
under Admiral Farragut. and later was
for many months at Dutch Gap Canal
where Northern forces cut OF river
communications of Richmond. He was
also on the monitor Saugur, which
took part in the bombardment OF Fort
Fisher.
He was present at Ford's Theater in
Washington. and was seated only a
short distance from President Lincoln
when Booth fired the shot which killed
the President AS the conspirators were
captured, they were brought on board
the Saugus for safekeeping and placed
in care of Day who was then q
lieutenant.
Evening star., 1933-07-03
HENRI COCHET Wins
WIMBLEDON MATCH
Defeats Stoefen in Net Come
back-Queen Helen
Beats Swiss Girl.

WIMBLEDON, England. July 3
R.-Ellsworth Vines, defending
champion from the United States.
won his quarter final match from
Roderich Menzel, giant Czecho-
slovakian, 60, "a, 3-6, 6-3. in
the mems singles of the annual
Wimbledon play today, thus quail
flying to meet his old rival, Henri
Cochet, in the semi final round
By the Associated Press.
WIMBLEDON. England, July s.
Henri Cochet. attempting a comeback
to regain his place at the top of the
tennis world, today advanced to the
semi-f1nals of the Wimbledon champion
ships with convinced four-set victory
over the California giant, Lester Stoefen,
3-6, Ga. 6-3. 6-1.
6marting under successive defeats at
the hands of Ellsworth Vines. jr, and
Jack Crawford in the American and
French championships. respectively.
Cochet has been taking Wimbledon
seriously for the first time in years. BY
his victory he came within step of
probable third meeting with the Amer
plays Roderich Menzel Of Czechoslo-
vakia, in the other quarter-f final bracket
of the upper half of the draw.
Crawford also advanced to semi
finals with a straight set victory over
George Patrick Hughes, the English
Davis Cup player who surprisingly de-
feated Cliff Sutter, third ranking Amer
ican. in the fourth round. Crawford
won 6-1, 81, IS. He will play the
winner of the match between Henry w.
Austin, England's last hope for the
title. and Jiro Satoh, the agile little
japanese star.
Queen Helen Wins.
Mrs. Helen Wills Moody continued
her evsn way toward her probable
sixth wimbledon title with a Ga,
6-1 victory over the Swiss star, Mile
Lolette Payot, In a quarter-final
feature.
The tri. color continued to wave high
over Wimbledon as jean Borotra and
doubles titlehOlder, defeated the Ameri-
can students, Clayton Lee Burwell and
David N. Jones in the third round,
Ga, 2-6, $500.
Cochet was the old Henri, carlessly
confident. against Stoefen and after he
had Strengthened out his backhand-
which was atroeiously bad in the first
Set-the issue was never In doubt.
The giant Stoefen, favorite with
the crowds which filled the big stands
to capacity, seemed bothered by the
heat and had frequent fesOures to the
tap and the water bucket.
Helen Jacobs Advances.
The third set saw Stoefen visibly
weakening. He'd go to the net, but
then seemingly be unable to move to
intercept Cochet's passing shots and
the fourth set was almost rout.
Cochet's confidence increased as the
match progressed and he had all his
old luck. his drive for set point in the
third bouncing off the net cord into
fair territory far out Of Stoefen's reach.
The Moody-Payot match brought
Queen Helen and the best opposition
she has had to date in the tournament
and the plucky play Of Mile. Payot kept
the galleries applauding. Mrs. Moody
was not playing UP to her best. but
still was too much for the Swiss girl
to cope with.
Helen Jacobs, the United States
champion, and Don Turnbull Of Aus
tralia, advanced to the third round OF
mixed doubles. defeating A. jacobsen
and Miss Burgess Smith Of England,
+6, Ga, Go.