Evening star., 1933-01-02
FREUD HAS DOUBTS
ABOUT BOLSHEV|SM
Vienna Psychologist Analyses
Experiment iG Practical
MarxiSm.
ny the Associated Press.

ny the AssociateS Press.
VIENNA. -Bolshevism is psychoar1-
alyzed by Prof. Sigmund Freud in the
Vienna psychologists new book, New
Series of Lectures In Introductory Psy-
choanalysis."
The veteran explorer In little known
regions of the human mind dissectS the
Russian Soviet experiment with a
friendly hand, and seems little sorry
that he cannot be more optimistic about
the outcome.
AT time when great nations pro-
claim they see their salvation only IN
adherence to Christian piety,' he says,
''the upheaval in Russia seems, despite
all its unpleasant features, like tidings
of a new future.
Unfortunately. neither our doubts
nor the fanatical faith of the others
give US any indication of how the at
tempt will end. The future will teach
us. Perhaps it will reveal that the at
tempt was made too soon: that thor
oughqoing change of the social order
has little hope of success until new
discoveries have increased our mastery
of natural forces, and thereby made
easier the satisfaction of our needs.
Sinister Resemblance.
"Then only may it be possible for a
new social order, not only to provide
the material needs of the masses but
to gratifv the cultural demands Of the
individual
"And even then we doubtless will
have to struggle-how long no one can
foretell-against the difficulties which
the intractability of human nature sets
in the way of any kind of social COM
munity"
The theories of Marx, observes Freud,
have developed through their realiza-
ton in Russian Bolshevism the energy,
conviction and exclusiveness OF world
philosophy At the same time, however,
they have taken on "a sinister resem-
blance to the things they fought"
Originally theoretical Marxism was IT.
self kind of science, based on scien-
tific thinking and fearless analysis Of
existing institutions, but in Russian
Bolsh ism it has created prohibi-
ton against thinking (denkverbot) as
pitiless as that formerly set UP by
religion"
Critical examination Of Marxist
theory he continues, 'is forbidden.
Doubts as to its accuracy are avenged
Just as heresy once was by the church.
The works of Marx, as the source OF all
revelation, have taken the place of the
Bible and the Koran, although they
are no freer from contradictions and
antiquities than these older sacred
books.
Has Developed Illusions.
"And although practical Marxism has
mercilessly cleared away all idealistic
systems and illusions, 1t has itself de-
veloped illusions no less questionable
and incapable of proof than the old
illusions. 1t hopes to change human
nature in the course Of few genera
tions SO thoroughly that an almost fric-
tionless community life will exist under
the new social order and men viii de-
vote themselves to their work without
any compulsion.
But such a transformation Of hu-
man nature is very improbable. The
enthusiasm with which the masses
presently follow Bolshevist leadership,
so long as the new order Is not yet
complete and still is threatened from
without, is no assurance that it will be
safe when fully developed and no longer
threatened from the outside"
Prof Freud discusses many other
subjects in the seven lectures" which
make up the book, and most OF them
are more intimately concerned with the
technicalities of psychoanalysis. His
chapter headings are Revision Of the
Dream Theory" Dream and Occult
ISM" Dissection Of the Psychic Per-
sonality" Fear and Instinctual Life" !"
'tFemininity," Explanations, Applica-
tions, Ordinations" and "A World
Philosophy"