davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1932-12-18

| Bonaparte was an adventurer with
military genius; the second Bonaparte
an adventurer without any sort of ge-
MUS. No political prejudice can make
one so bold as to compare Hindenburg
with adventurers of the past, and this
not only because of the admirable
moral character of the old German
soldier. If he has made mistakes, as
certainly he has done, his good faith
is above all suspicion.
But there is something more than
that. Many shades, of opinion, even
those of the liberals. in and out of Ger
many, asked themselves If the return
to power of the Junkers would not have
at least one advantage after all-that,
as result Of the strength they inherit
ed from their old Prussian method of
government, they would know how to
rid Germany of Nazism.
Only the future. however, will tel II
Germany will not have to pay too dear
ly for being delivered from Hitlerism
by the Junker. For my part, I think
she will. I think that the ultimate re-
suit OF given policy is the degree of
political ripeness to be obtained by q
nation. But the only way for a people
to obtain high grade of political ma
turity is through long life of freedom,
with all its blunders, but also with all
its blessings.
The truth is. at least 1 deeply feel
so, that If it is the Junker who will de-
liver Germany from the evil effects Of
Nazism, the Germans will run the risk
OF seeing an exclusive caste becoming
stronger and stronger with the sure
conviction that 1t alone knows how to
govern, that it alone has the right to
matter
will be impossible to deny that this
caste will have added still another
service to its remarkable political pedi-
gree. Yet there is one service which
the Junkers are incapable of perform
ing. the only one of any real value
that OF allowing a people to learn to
govern itself in all liberty.
Some day one will ask oneself If, in
the long run, the commissions Of Nazism
would not have served better to save
Germany, just as the sight of the
drunken slave in the public place serv-
ed to save the young citizens of free
Sparta from drunkenness.
final remark, almost a postscript.
Won Papen-hated in GERMANY by So
cialists. Catholics and Nazis-has dis
appeared. He is succeeded as chancel-
lor by Gen. Won Schleicher, who has
oeeii loiceQ 10 assume openly the pOW-
er which he has long welded behind
the scenes
So many and so antithetic are the
forces at stake in Germany that 1t is
almost impossible to anticipate the ef-
fects Of that change on the struggle
with the Nazis. But this much we
may admit: The Nazis will find
Schleicher much more difficult man
to cope with than Won Papen. This is
not only because Won Schleicher is
head of the Reichswehr there are
moral reasons at least as strong. Won
Papen was foolish enough to identify
himself with the interests of the land
owners and the moarcnial castes.
Evening star., 1932-12-18

Parliament is in session Macdonald can
find time for outdoor exercise only be-
fore breakfast.
For hours he must be at the House
OF Commons, where the stuffiness of
the atmosphere induces fatigue. The
air enters through vents In the floor and
is drawn out through holes in the CELL
ing, assuring temperature of 63 de-
greeS. But many members complain
that this system of ventilation gives
them cold feet and hot heads; and the
cynicS are ready with the wise crack
that most of the legislation enacted
bears evidence of this physical dis
comfort.
The American cabinet minister Is not
required, as his counterpart here Is, to
be present daily to answer questions.
Even the prime minister must be on
the treasury or front government bench
for part of question hour nearly every
day, for frequently the interrogations
are addressed to him as head Of the
government. And, like every other
member Of the House Of Commons, he
has as well to be au fait with the affairs
of the constituency he represents.
government, Macdonald cannot depute
as much OF his work to others as he
could if he were the head of single
party administration. At this juncture
in particular he must foster the idea
that it is really national three-party
government. If he shifts much of the
load to other shoulders, his former La
Dor colleagues will say he is making
the paths clear for graceful retire
ment.
(Copyright, 1932.)
Evening star., 1932-12-18
Dyed Kippered Herring
Stir British Consumers

LONDON.-The kippered herring
eaters of Great Britain-and their num-
Der is legion-have been disillusioned by
body of experts known as the food in
vestigation board, who have ascertained
that many of the fish supposed to have
been cured by smoking process have
acquired their attractive golden color
from the paint brush or the dyeing vat.
And what is more disturbing, the ex-
perts must conduct further investiga-
ton before they are prepared to say
whether the "erSatz' creations are like
ly to have a deleterious effect on the
consumer.
Not since expert suggestions were
made a few years ago impugning some
varieties of sausages has the breakfast
table been under deeper consideration,
for kippers, like sausages, know no social
distinctions.
According to the experts, a haddock
arrives at the "f1pnan" stage when it
has undergone seven hours curing in
the smoke Of oak sawdust. But a
herring does not become kipper under
IL hours Of the same treatment. BY
dipping the kipper in dye 1t Is possible
to turn out the finished product In from
five to six hours of smoking.
Copyright. 1922
Evening star., 1932-12-18
England Fears Flood
Menace in Muskrats

LONDON.-The problem Of the
muskrat is now q source Of as much
concern to Great Britain as to many
other European countries. Although
some Investigators trace the Continen-
tai menace to five rats placed on an
estate near Prague in 1905, the menace
here is attributed to those imported
five years ago.
At any rate the Old World population
of this species now runs into astronom-
ical figures. In Shropshire alone it
Is estimated that there are more than
a hundred thousand It is in this
country that the rats have done ex-
tensive damage to 10 miles of river
bank.
It was from Canada that the musk
rats were first brought to this country,
ana despite precautions taken to pen
them in, numbers escaped. In recent
months q measure was passed prohibit
ing further 1mportations except under
license. 1t Is feared that much damage
may result from flooding occasioned
by the honeycombing of canal and
river banks.
tCopyrisht, 1897
Evening star., 1932-12-18

the hideousness Of the bourgeois art to
the most daring sex experiments.
Nothing of all this was foreSeen in
former German movements. Socialism
itself had established a comfortable
bourgeois position for itself in the life of
the empire before. full OF respectful
reverence, it took the power from the
hands of Prince Max of Baden.
With her history SO au6acious in
thought and so timid in action, with
her dreams and her militarfsm, with her
moments of humility and OF sudden ar
rogance, Germany shows us that, in
spite of Bismarcks prodigious success,
she is not yet completely united ma
tion as is France. There are 20 or 80
Germanies which clash against each
other in a sort of painful childbirth.
And 1t is still impossible to foresee If
Germany can crystalline, as did France.
or If she will remain a disquieting vol
cano for a long time to come.
One may wonder why a great nation
which demands policy Of action should
kneel down and wait for a miracle to
be performed or for the coming Of
miracle But this Is but the
ransom Of a long period of passive
obedience, and 1t Is possible that this
tradition of obedience Is about to be
broken.
The most pressing and most practical
problem which Europe has to face at the
present moment Is to know through
what Intermediary stages Germany will
pass. BurgeOiS economics are morally
bankrupt, and an individualist democ-
racy. on French patterns. seems to be
hardly conceivable.
In his recent article Mr. Trotzky
Socialism
force, at least from an historical point
OF view. So far as organization is con-
cerned. he is certainly right. But, in
my opinion, German Socialism possessed
everything but one thing-a moral
ideal.
From its infancy, German social de-
mocracy was imbued with the religion
of the state. The atmosphere of vic
tories and conquestS" between 1864 and
1871 accentuated in all classes an ir-
rational admiration for force and for an
enlightened despotism. to which was at
tributed the general prosperity that
everybody was beginning to enjoy. And
the Labor party, whose rapid progress
was due to this same prosperity, could
not totally exempt itself from these sur
roundings. To the very small number
Of Democrats who had been taught, by
means of long exiles in London, to know
and love liberty, who opposed leaders
such as Bebel and Vellmar. men Of high
moral standing and integrity, but who
had never conceived the idea that one
should not necessarily thank ones des-
tiny for having been born a German
and for having thus escaped from the
moral frivolity to be found among all
other European nations.
It is true that they felt neither love
nor respect for William II, and even
less for the Junker of the right bank
Of the Elbe," but they felt that they
had entirely fulfilled their duty by their
work of organizing the masses so as to
Evening star., 1932-12-18

theories of Plato. Most Of our
present economists are still founder
ing around with theories that have be-
come mere folklore in the last decade"
"'Technocracy' has written
meme meme teckel upharsim' across
the face of the price system. The en-
tire social structure must be changed.
'Technocracy' has brought our
present system to its doom. The
impact of 'technocracy' on our price
system has proved the futility in the
future Of stocks, bonds. savings, eQui-
ties, mortgages and all other conmitants
of our past system" Tech
nocracy' lis an integration Of physics,
chemistry, geology, geophysics. thermo-
dynamics, zoology. biophysics. biology
and physiology, in SO far as these
pertain to social problems.
Obviously when the full force of this
pronouncement is felt on the social
structure. it will be recognized as one
OF the most revolutionary concepts as
regards all previous beliefs, thinking
and methodology, that man has had to
cope with. As usual, man will have to
adjust himself to it.; he cannot refute
it for long"
That's a pretty comprehensive revo-
luton. The Projectors of it are quite
responsible men. The Outlook, which
carries the authoritative announcement
Of it, is a quite responsible magazine,
edited by perfectly responsible states
man, Mr.. ZAP Smith.
Nevertheless and notwithstanding,
the writer Of this article expects to
continue to see the United States run
by a President and Congress in the
same old way.
(Copyright, 1922
Evening star., 1932-12-18
Unemployed Women
Shun Kitchen Jobs

LONDON Though the total num-
ber of unemployed women in Great
Britain today exceeds $50 ,OOO-or, when
girls who have reached the legal work.
ing age are included, 430,000-it has
been necessary for the ministry of labor
in the last six months to issue permits
for the importation of 628 domestic SER
wants from Germany. The wages paid
the German domesticS are in keeping
with the prevailing scale for native do
mestic talent.
Since 1880 efforts have been made
under the auspices of the ministry of
this country for domestic service and
up to date $4,000 women and girls have
undergone such schooling in practical
training centers. But thousands of un-
employed women are kitchen shy, espe-
clally those who have made living in
industry, and their point of view has
the sympathy of many laborites.
Nevertheless, in the last Labor gov
ernment, Margaret Bondfeld, then min
lister OF labor, eSpoused the unpopular
doctrine that women eligible for domes-
tic service should not be entitled to re-
ceive unemployment insurance if they
mestic employment.
In some parts of the country there is
still! pronounced shortage of capable
cooks and maidservants.
(Copyright, 1897
Evening star., 1932-12-18
World Leaders Declared Brain Tired
And ''Cone Stale" Because of Burdens

LONDON-From one end of Europe
10 the other the tale is told today of
heads of governments gone stale" or
IN danger Of cracking under the op-
pressive load of national and interna-
tional problems. The outstanding ex-
ceptions appear to be the aged but still
virile President Hindenburg and Mus
solini.
1t is believed, however, that no heads
OF states or governments are more over
burdened with work than the Presi-
dent of the United States and the prime
minister of Great Britain.
Those who have been in close touch
with Premier Macdonald lately say that
,he is a brain-tired man, a sufferer
from what Viscount Cecil says has been
,deScrlbed as prime ministers disease"
(which results in IAN instructive refusal
ITO decide anything if decision could by
lany means be avoided" This is a NAL
'ady which affected certain of his prede-
tcessors at various times during the
postwar period Nor is much doubt
entertained about the overworked con-
dition of Stain. despite repeated re-
ports to the contrary from Moscow.
Difficult Task.
Were it not for the fact that Mac
Donald has in the past shown remark
able powers of recuperation after short
intervals of rest there would be reader
;disposition to agree with alarmistS that
his retirement could not long be avoid
led, especially as the cares of Office may
sbe as hard next year as they have been
this. Even the resilient Lloyd George
sevinced signs of cracking" when the
turn of the political wheel Of fortune
sgave him an opportunity to adopt the
life of squire on his model farm.
In q lecture on "The Machinery OF
Government" which Viscount Cecil has
lust delivered at oxford, this seasoned
oficeholder said:
mo human being can properly carry
out the duties which the prime minister,
the foreign secretary and the chancellor
of the exchequer are supposed to per-
form. After very few months eX-
hausted nature will take its revenge
either by breakdown of health or by
a resort to devices of poStponement
and evasion. 1t should be one OF the
first duties of prime minister to spare
himself to the utmost of his power"
Besides his other duties prime min
Rster Is expected to make party speeches,
attend important political meetings, be
present at numerous social and semi
Lcfficial dinners and crate on science,
fgt and literature. On most days when
Evening star., 1932-12-18
Old Elephant Cemetery
Is Unearthed in Sicily

PALERMO, Sicily-Remains Of what
a Sicilian geologist, Prof. Fabiani, calls
an elephant cemetery" probably 10000
years old, have been unearthed near
here. Bones and tusks of about 10 ami
mails of gigantic size were found during
excavations for the Passo di Rigano
Canal, which forms part of the pro-
jected hydraulic defenses of Palermo.
Prof. Fabiani has ordered the relics
to the Ateneo Museum, which
already has a rich collection of pre-
historic mammals found In Sicilian
soil The bones appear to date from
the quaternary period, antedating the
of man in the island.
(Copyright, 1891
Evening star., 1932-12-18

not been injured by any political or eco
nomic developments during the last
quarter century. Even If the United
States becomes beer and wine country
it is considered certain that there will
be a considerable element of whisky
consumers.
1t is the contention OF some Of the
experts hereaboutS that whisky got
In bad" in America because so much
Of the cheaper domestic brands were
put on the counter when immature, and
then consumed straight" or without
dilution or a chaser. The law in this
country requires that spirits be kept in
bond for three years before sale for
consumption.
Thousands of working men in Eng
land and Scotland who cannot afford
nowadays to pay IA cents for "shot"
OF whisky, have either drifted to beer
or to cheap wines which have been
fortified with spirit when in bond. Be
fore the war the Scottish worker could
obtain a hefty drink of whisky for 6
cents and beer chaser for 2 cents.
(Copyright, 1897
Evening star., 1932-12-18

increase their well-being and their in
tellectual capacities.
Unfortunately the successes thus re-
corded successes in which the untiring
methodical spirit, tenacious discipline
and the sense of responsibilities made
themselves felt to the extreme-accus-
toned the headquarters staff Of the
Socialist party to suffer no longer from
the deprivation of political liberty.
Besides, under the cover of the Marx
ist formula-reputed to be more rev.
olutionary than any others German
social democracy was continuing the
liberalism. Like the liberals Of 1848.
the Socialists were so imbued with
reverence for the technical well-being
of the state that encroachment upon the
personal rights of citizens was looked
upon as nuisance to be tolerated
Nor did they seem to realize the in
compatibility between the policy of ex-
pansion which imperial Germany pur-
sued and that Of the european COM
munity," the defense and illustration
of which had been an impetus to demo-
cratic action since the time of the great
revolutionary writer's Of the eighteenth
century.
During all the nineteenth century.
solidarity was ardently preached by the
parties which were struggling through
out Europe for the emancipation of the
disinherited masses and of the oppress-
ed nations, and was more than once
sanctioned by examples Of heroic ro-
manticism. But never, as far as
know. was this case in Germany.
This mentality was inherited by the
ma jority of Democrats and Socialists
in Germany. Never did the prosecutors
of the Alsatians, the Poles of Poznan
and the Danes Of SchleSwig cause an
indignation in Germany Social-Demo-
cratic circles similar to the indignation
which the English oppression in Ireland
stirred Shelley.
Marx himself expressed nothing but
suspicious sarcasm concerning the
miracle of the. Italian Risorgimento.
On the eve Of the European War the
Social Democratic party was only a
gigantic administrative organization; its
body was enormous, but its soul was
very small After the disappearance
Of Liebknecht, Vollmar and Bebel the
party at its congresses continued to
vote the revolutionary phrases of the
past, but every one knew that they
overthrow Of the state would have hor-
rified Socialist leaders.
I have already described in a pre-
vious article how the Socialists, once in
power after the war, were such failures
both in their foreign policy and in their
home affairs The best socialistic
writer's in France and England have
tried to explain the policy Of the Ger
man Socialists by one word-abnega-
ton. Abnegation of this nature, I re-
marked. Is very near suicide. With
regard to all this, Mr. Trotzky. In his
recent article, remained astonishingly
vague.
He was far more outspoken with re-
gard to the Junkers. He defined their
return to power as sort Of Bonapart-
ism without q Bonaparte. The first
Evening star., 1932-12-18
l25,0OO,OOO Gallons of English Rum
In Bond With Hopes for U. S. Market

LONDON the belief that Uncle
Sam Is bound to get off the water wagon
at no late date, the manufacturers of
hard liquor In Great Britain and Ire
land are dreaming of the time when
millions Of gallons of surplus whisky
now maturing in bond are converted
into real money.
It is estimated that the amount in
bonds exceeds 125.OOO 900 proof gallons,
or enough to meet home needs and for
eign demand for Is or 20 years at the
present rate of consumption. This
whisky glut is responsible for the clos
ing down of the curtailed production
Of 78 Scottish distilleries.
Owing to the high taxation on
whisky in Great Britain it is no longer
even popular beverage with the gen.
eral run Of Scots. The bottle which
cost IS or 80 cents before the war can
be purchased now only for the equiva
lent OF 1924. OF that amount, $2.10
goes to the state in excise duty. It
taxation Is crushing . 100 per cent Brit
1sh industry.
The distiller today IS, Of course. not
the only individual who regards August
1914, as the end Of the golden age, al
though for him 1t was really 18 karat
In the early years Of the present CEN
tury. For in those salubrious times his
countrymen were consuming $1,000, 900
proof gallons Of the stuff annually, as
compared with less than 10,0O0,00
nowadays, and the American and other
foreign thirsts accounted for many mil
lions more. The national war effort,
prohibition in the United States, high
taxation here since the war. and the
partial collapse of q potentially good
market In China are some of the factors
which initiated against boom business
even before economic depression dried
up more Of 1t.
II the wiseacres Of the trade are
right, the appreciation for whisky has
Evening star., 1932-12-18
33 QUESTIONS DRAWN UP
TO CLARITY DEBT TANCLE
List Compiled to Help Americans Get
Clear Understanding of Confusing
Issues Surrounding Problem.

bring about a reduction Of reparations
for the common good?
Were France and Great Britain ever
given Official or unofficial intimation
that if they reduced and settled repara-
tions. the United States would make
a new war debt settlement?
Are the American holders OF foreign
bonds jeopardized by the depression
more or less numerous than the payers
Of the Federal income tax?
Is there any relationship between
private foreign loans and war debts?
Can both probably be collected in
full if the United States stands firm?
Was one aim Of the Hoover mora
torium to safeguard American private
loans in Germany at the expense Of
French reparations?
Were Great Britain and France ever
told officially or unoficially that If
they made final and reasonable repa-
rations settlement the United States
would make new war debt settlement?
Is the Lausanne agreement, giving
Germany a three-year moratorium and
a 80 per cent reelection, q new fact
regarding the French and British ca
pacity to pay the United States?
Was the Lausanne agreement advan,
tageous to the world in general, and
hence also to the United States?
Are the French taxpayers now bear
Ing the reparations burden themselves?
Link With Far East Issue.
After the Lausanne conference, were
Great Britain and France officially or
unof1cially warned not to raise the war
debt issue until after the American
elections lest the issue get injected into
the campaign and complicate the prob
lem?
Is the war debt controversy ad-
versely affecting the Far Eastern and
disarmament negotiations, hence tend
ing to delay the restoration Of conf
dence and prolonging the depression?
Would new debt settlement help to
end the depression?
Would new settlement, If it helped
to end the depression, lessen or increase
the burden on the American taxpayers?
Is the United States trying to keep
its debtors divided with an intention
to discriminate against some while IA
voring the others?
Should the war debts be used diplo-
matically for bargaining purposes in
connection with the disarmament, Far
Eastern or tariff policies of the United
States?
If so, can such bargaining be best
conducted by the President or by Con-
greSs?
Is there any way foreign debtors can
negotiate with Congress instead Of with
the Presidents representatives?
Can better diplomatic bargains be
made before or after some or all the
debtors default, assuming the danger
that some or all will ultimately de-
fault?
Can payments be made In any way
other than gold or goods?
Would gold payments tend further
cial structure AND hence delay eco
nomic recovery?
Would payment In goods hurt Ameri-
can industries?
Should the American tariffs be low
cred to permit payment In goods?
(Oopyright. 1o32.l
Evening star., 1932-12-18
Zuyderzee Is Erased
From Maps of Dutch

AMSTERDAM-The Zuyderzee, IA
nous in song and story, is no more.
Every year a few more acres are filled
in and turned over to agriculture. BY
1860 the Zuyderzee will have ceased to
exist.
But, as If to spare it that long agony,
the Dutch government has erased ITS
name from the map. Henceforth the
Zuyderzee, or what Is left Of 1t, will be
known as the Ysselmer.
(CopyTtght, 19321
Evening star., 1932-12-18
Frying Pans Clories
Inspire Macdonald Pen

LONDON CP.-Prime Minister Mac
Donald has stolen time from his heavier
tasks to write lyric passage on the
glories Of the frying pan.
How well I know it," he writes for
Rucksack, the hikers' magazine. 1T is
not work, for one can get down to 1t
and, with sleeves up and elbows out,
control the operation with q fork.
Compare the more dilatory methods
by which Nctuals simmer and cook
themselves, and give me a sizzling fry
ing pan. with its savory smells encour-
aging my efforts"