Evening star., 1932-01-03
YEAR IN LATIN AMERICA
NOTABLE FOR REVOLTS
Democracy Gains as Elections, Coups and
Uprisings Dust l3 Regimes.
Two RebelIions Fail.

sonal ambition, already had alienated
his previous popularity and prestige.
Sanchez Cerros arbitrary methods
and his avoWed design to have himself
elected constitutional President of the
country had aroused bitter opposition
to his temporary rule. Such opposi-
ton finally resulted in series OF
armed uprisings, which did not stop
until he was forced to resign and leave
for Europe as an exile.
His elimination, however, did not
entirely end the political ills of Peru
Unrest continued throughout the coun-
try and it was not until two more
provisional governments had been set
up and almost Immediately obliged to
dissolve that a regime satisfactory to
all sectors of public opinion was es-
tabliShed, with Dr. Samanez Ocampo
at its head.
Ibanez Ousted by Chileans.
In Chile the revolution had been
rather expected for some time. Gen
Ibanez was one of the few remnants
of the dictatorial type of ruler who
enioyed wide popularity throughout
Latin America during the last few
years.
Criticism of his contempt for public
liberties had become more acute with
the overthrow of similar perSonallStlc
regimes in the neighboring countries
Bolivia, Peru, Argentlna-durlng 1881
This criticism was augmented by the
failure of the government to CONFRONT
the grave financial problems resulting
from the economic depression.
When this opposition first showed its
teeth President Ibanez attempted to re-
SiSt and several lives were sacrlnced IN
defense of the constitution, both
parties, of course, claiming that they
were defending the constitution. Finally
when he realized that he could count
no longer with the army, his main sup
port throughout his whole regime, Pres
ident Ibanez resigned and fed to Ar
gentina.
Ecuador Changes Quietly.
Here, too. several changes OF proVi-
sional Chief Executives were necessary
before an impartial temporary govern
ment was accepted by the dlfferent po-
| litical parties and the armed forces
which had brought to an eno 4oaheZ
reign.
The wild popular applause which
| greeted the Chilean dictator's over
| throw was still being heard across the
Andes when another South America
| Chief Executive stepped out OF power
This time it was the turn OF DR.. lSldrc
Ayora. since 1926 the undlsputed head
of the small but progressive Repuohc OF
Ecuador.
Confronted with bitter opposition in
Congress and a hostile public opinion
the man who had ruled Ecuador with a
strong hand for the last six years sue
cumbed the latter part OF august TO MS
enemies. Handing In MS resignation
an "irrevocable" one-the severe, laporl-
Gus President made gracious exit, quite
in contrast with that OF MS colleagueS
who were ousted by 1orce OF arms, III
other Latin American nations oulHls
the II preceding months
FL Salvador Follows Suit.
Instead of daring to resist public
opinion and thus precipitate connlct-
which other Latin Executives Old not
avoid-Dr. Avora was sensible enough
IN realize that he had lost the conf
dence of the people, and he had the
| honestv To proceed accordingly. He olo
| mot wait until conditions were extreme
and violent incidents had LED 10 olooo-
! shed and internal disorder. he loresa"
these and prevented them by stepplne
aside. A military junta TOOK proVlslona
! control of the government heaoeu pS
Col, I,arrea Alba, who had been minis
tc- cf war of President Ayora =,
Finally, only few weeks ago, th'
last of the 1881 revolutions which wer'
successful in Latin America oVertnreV
the government of President Araulo II
Ell Salvador. This is the one exceptiof
l referred to at the beginning OF tnl
article, when contended that the vlo' no
lent changes of government W!lIcn IN ~
the last wear and half, with only ont
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