davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Waterbury Democrat., 1932-04-20

The concern of almost every United States citizen today is the increase in all forms of taxation, federal, state. and city. The United States government is now engaged in an effort to meet a deficit of more than a billion and a half dol lars. Numerous states and munich palities have been forced either to curtail or abandon necessary inn provements because of an inability to increase taxes or borrow money. The residents of Maryland are a fortunate exception to this rule. Maryland's tax rate for the present fiscal year is 30 per cent lower than it was in 1920. The treasury of the state of Maryland has surplus of | $3,600,000. The net state debt is | $29,635,000 just 8 little more than one percent of the assessable basis and less than one-sixth of the amount which the state could bor- row under it's constitution. It the only state in the union today whose authoritative credit rating is noe hundred per cent. In February, Maryland marketed $2,122,00 worth of four and one-quarter per cent bonds at 96.27. During the same month, municipalities all over the country were unable to sell their securities either because the price offered was too low or because no bids at all were made.
 Ritchie Developed Budget
 Maryland is not as rich in re- sources nor in the wealth of its inhabitants as many other states in the union. The question naturally arises as to how it has maintained a sound financial position at time when other state governments have experienced such difficulties. The answer lies in the budget system and the theory of state govern ment. which for the past 12 years has been in the hands of Governor Albert c. Ritchie, candidate for the democratic presidential nomina- tion. The state budget system was adopted two years before Governor Ritchie first became Maryland's chief executive, but its develop ment has been entirely in his hands.
 Under the Maryland law the bud- get is drawn by the executive for submission to the general assem- bly,. The estimates in it may be reduced or Eliminated, but not in- creased. Nor may any new item be added. Appropriation for any pur- pose not in the budget may not be made until after the budget gill has finally passed in both houses. Any appropriation bill then passed must provide the tax necessary to produce the amount of the appro- priation.
 Maryland may not under its con- stitution issue bonds for longer period than 1 s years. Bonds have been Issued for capital improve ments only and road construc- ticn has been placed on a pay as you go policy with the proceeds of gasoline taxes used for ,construc- ton as well as maintenance.
 Adoption of the bndget system has not meant that human nature In Maryland has changed. Appeals to tho governor for new projects and the pressure of concerted pub-' lie opinion in behalf of such meas- uras hes hasn iugf ea great in
The Waterbury Democrat., 1932-04-20
acy Win Presidential If It Prepared And Fnanced NO

hh nae en ae plMssl Huaaen sSy and Wa Fund enable the rno' eenmaass organization wo ssuv se Insure esswhsinue huaonoy and locally fovsmbs
The Waterbury Democrat., 1932-04-20
A. D. Survey Shows
 Teeth Hygiene Need
Figures Show Children With Good Teeth Do Better
 Work in School Says Dr Alfred Walker

1 school days were saved in a years
 time. At the end of five years,
 every child in all the public
 schools of Atlanta was 100 per cent
 dentally perfect.
 Before the system was installed,
 32 per cent of the children failed
 to pass their grades. In year
 the percentage was down to eight.
 averaged S3 per cent; afterwards.
 Before the campaign, attendance | gram, coupled with general
 health campaign, had run for six | years, the average percentage of
 MT Sutton estimates that the den-
 tai program has saved taxpayers | a quarter of million dollars an-
 nually.
 Similar results came from dental
 health programs in other cities.
 Athens, Ga, reported 100 per cent
 good teeth after three years
 campaign. Toronto, Canada, in ten years reduced cavities in children's mouths from an average of seven to an average of two.
 Five years after dental health program was begun in Bridgeport,
 Conn, repeaters were reduced 65
 per cent. Cavities in the mouths of children in Lake Forest. III. were reduced by one-third in ten years. Approximately 23 per- cent of the Lake Forest school children had unclean teeth in 1920
 while in 1880 the percentage was
 down to 1.5.
 Boston and Cambridge, Mass, re- ported similar good results. In Boston there was an increase in daily attendance of 2.S per cent after a thorough-going dental pro- gram was put into effect. At the Forsythe Infirmary. the number of extractions of first permanent mo- lars-so-called "keystones of the mouth"--was reduced from one in three to one in 200. Attendance in Cambridge increased 3 per cent with an estimated saving to the taxpayer of $25,000 annually. "rhere is only one answer to these facts" Dr Walker pointed out. Dental health in invnlua ble
 Not only are they handicapped by even more handicapped in years to
 come. when serious complications
 are bound to arise unless precau- tons are taken.
 Preventive dentistry, like pre- ventiye medicine, is q saving in the long run. The sooner this is re-
 alized, the better off VIC will oil pa. .i.. .4.ll... .l |. 4
The Waterbury Democrat., 1932-04-20

Island, Washington and Wyoming.
 Of the eleven states listed as flair prospects, four which were republican in 1928 swung over to the democratic side in 1880. They are Idaho, Illinois. Kansas and South Dakota. The other flair prospects" states are Iowa, Maine, Minnesota, North Dakota, Oregon, Utah and Wisconsin.
 California, Michigan, Pennsyl- vania and Vermont are indicated on the map as being "least prob- able" to be carried by the demo- crats fin November. These states have 80 electoral votes.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1932-04-20

sissippi, New Mexico, North Caro- lima, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas mad Virginia.
 Connecticut Thought Excellent
 Of the eighteen states listed as excellent prospects" eight which went republican in 1928 entered the democratic column in 1890. These eight, which have TIT elec- toral votes, are Colorado, Connecti- cut, Kentucky, Montana, Nebraska, New York, Ohio, and West Vir- ginia. The ten other states in this group are Delaware, Indiana, Mas sachusetts, Missouri, New Hamp- shire, New Jersey, Nevada, Rhode
The Waterbury Democrat., 1932-04-20

Naw York-Need for mouth hy- 9iene. and the benefits to both the Individual and the public derived from good teeth, were graphically illustrated in a survey just com pleted to-day by the American Dental association. The survey, under the direction of Dr Alfred Walker. chairman of the associa- tion's educational publicity com mittee, covered more than a dozen towns and cities at widespread points over the nation.
 Prevalence of decayed teeth and the accompanying handicaps to children is to-day appalling," Dr Walker stated in summing up the facts. Estimates of the percent age of children needing dental at- tention range from 75 to 9S per cent. But these facts are com- pletely overshadowed by proofs found of benefits accruing to chil- dren and taxpayers from thorough dental hygiene"
 The survey included statistics from Boston, New York, Chicago. Atlanta Ga. Cambridge, Mass. Athens, Ga, Toronto, Canada, REloBGROAts NOAut NlcNcldH0, Efdu Claire, Mich, White Plains, N. Y., Pa, all places where intensive den- tal research has been going on for some time.
 Estimates of the number of chill dren needing dental work ranged as high as sS per cent. Authorities in Chicago stated that dental de- lk ,.S the taxpayer more than three quar- to educate repeaters who failed because teeth were bad. Ninety six per cent of the children ex- amined in Chicago had defective teeth, 92 per cent in Clevealnd. and 9s per cent in White Plains. N. Y. Dr Luther H. Gulick of New York city reported that of 10000 children examined. those with two or more bad teeth averaged five months behind their proper grade. In Shamokin, Penn, more than a third of the children did not own . toothbrush. and only 15b out of S,2S0 had clean teeth.
 Outstanding examples of how dental education aids the school child to progress were also found. however. Dr Walker reports. One of the best was in Atlanta. Ga, where a steady campaign has brought amazing re1ults. Tho cam paign, under the direction of Sup erintendent of Schools Willis A. Sutton, began in 1924. in one school where dental instruction and care were installed, 1.2oo
The Waterbury Democrat., 1932-04-20

final side yesterday afternoon. Ho entered the plea through his coun- sel. Attorney John r. Tobin.
 The accused was arrested follow ing raid on a 100 gallon stiil on Homestead avenue some weeks ago. The emergency squad consisting of Officers Dan Carson, Fred Hickey and Patrick Moylan made the raid. A quantity of mash and alcohol Wns seized.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1932-04-20
COPS WAX ANGRY

Boston-"We're all in our places. with sunshiny faces" would have been an appropriate ditty for sever al Lynn. Mass, policemen to have rendered recently, after they wash- ed hastily before roll call. They found they had used liquid floor wax instead of soap. It seemed that in filling the liquid soap containers. the janitor made slight mistake.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1932-04-20

the population. Those moving to new homes either as permanent or summer residences in localities where 1t is necessary to use ground water should take steps to protect themselves by having an expert in- spect the supply.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1932-04-20
John SalamOne
 in Common Pleas
Fined S1OO and Costs in Liquor Case

Pleading guilty to a charge of Illegal manufacture of liquor. John Salamone of this city was fined $10O and costs by Judge Edward J. Finn in the common pleas court, crim-
The Waterbury Democrat., 1932-04-20

In northern Peru, one of the driest countries in the world, wind shield wipers are used on cars be- cause of frequent night fogs.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1932-04-20
QUITE PUT OUT

"I've just shot n dog"
 'Was he mad?" Well. he wasn't very pleased --Unmmsi. tIamburE.
The Washington times., 1932-02-12
Foreign Cemetery Wall His Shelter
As Gibbons Parks His Borrowed Car

This was apparent as I parked
my car in the shelter Of a foreign
cemetery wall, through which
Japanese advance guards had
made a breech as they drove the
Chinese defenders before them
the previous day.
The railroad station beside the
cemetery was surmounted by the
japanese sun flag, flying from a
tall bamboo pole lashed to the
chimney.
Rifles were cracking intermit-
tently, a mere omen of the fire
that was to follow almost immed-
lately. r. s
Japanese field guns were firing
from behind bamboo enclosure,
tossing shells on well-conStructed
Chinese defenSes extending west
ward for more than a mile on
the north shore Of Woosung
Greek.
Cracking Becomes a Roar
Machine-gun fire from Chinese
defenSeS suddenly broke out in
rafting crescendo as the Japanese
infantry attempted to swing
Chinese barges into pontoon posi-
ton close beside a destroyed
railroad bridge which crossed the
creek.
Japanese machine-gunners and
riflemen firing from the trenches
and behind individual steel armor
plates on the south side Of the
creek increased a cracking fire
into O roar endeavoring to cover
the advance of the bridge builders.
The Washington times., 1932-02-12
JAPS' PROMISE
LIFTS TENSION

Secretary of State Stimson
breathed easier today because Of
the assurances given Admiral M.
M. Taylor, commander-in-chief of
the U. S. Asiatic fleet, that Jap,
anse bombing planes will not fly
over the international Settlement
in Shanghai.
If this promise is kept, one Of the
chief causes of concern in connec.
ton with the anticipated general
battle between Japanese and
Chinese forces around Shanghai
will have been removed.
For more than a week officials
here have lived in dread Of such
an accident" as the bombing OF
a Chinese mill, in the Interna-
tonal settlement, where detach-
ment of U. S. Marnes was sta
toned.
The Washington times., 1932-02-12
War Packs More Kicks and Surprises
Than the Grab Bag at Church Fair

You know, this war packs more
surprises and funny kicks than
q grab bag at a church fair.
After witnessing the terrible
1acing a Japanese destroyer gave
the Chinese positions on the
shore front of Woosung Greek,
which I told you about yeSter.
day, 7 was putt-putting up the
Whangpoo in my speedboat when
the thunder Of a naval cannon
and the rattle of Chinese ma
chine-gunS was suddenly replaced
by o calm silence as a cargo pas
Senger ship put in its appear
ance around the bend, coming
upstream from the mouth Of the
Yangtze. .r
-. WatchfuI Of Shipping
Both sides seem to lay off the
conflict VIII en- ever commercial
shipping under any flag starts
moving up the international
waterway.
: watched the oncoming craft
with particular interest, because
she flew the Japanese flag, and
her blunt bow, broad beam, and
yellow painted sides marked her
as one of a regular Japanese line
Of passenger-freight boats plying
the Yangtze
The Yangtze River boats Of all
nations carry light Steelplate
The Washington times., 1932-02-12
Kingsford- d-Smith Gets
offer From Chinese

LONDON, Feb. IL U.N.S0.
Charles Kingford-Smith, Austral-
ian flier, has been offered the
post of commander-in-chief of the
Chinese air force to fight against
the japanese, according to a
Sydney dispatch to the Daily
Herald.
In an interview with the
Australian correspondent, Smith
was quoted as admitting he had
been quoted a price by the
Chinese for the purchase of mis-
Australian National Airways fleet
Of planes.
The flier refused either to con-
firm or deny the report that he
had been asked to participate in
the fighting, although the Herald
learned ION reliable authority"
the report was true,
The Washington times., 1932-02-12

The costly attempt failed with
severe losses to Japanese soldiers
who, riddled with lead, plunged
headforemost into the muddy
waters of WooSung Greek, while
the wounded were sprawled on
the bargeS, crawling and dragging
themselves, seeking shelter be-
hind wooden gunwhales, which
were splintered by the ripping
blasts Of machine-gun fire.
Costly to yaps
In the midst of the repu1sed
crossing, Japanese destroyers
again hurled shells from the
Whangpoo River on the right,
and seaplanes dropped heavy
explosives on the Chinese side
of the creek, causing terrific
destruction but not silencing the
steady and persistent fire Of the
Chinese defenders.
The japanese made two other
costly attempts to cross the creek
during the afternoon, but failed
again with severe losses.
Afterward the Japanese wounded
were carried back from the creek
shore trenches to a temporary
hospital in. railroad shops, which
also are the army headquarters
for this sector.
Reinforcements landing hourly
indicate an early resumption Of
the battle. In the meantime the
sky above the ruins of Woosung
Village was heavy with smoke
from burning buildings.
The Washington times., 1932-02-12

shields covering the bridge decks
and portfolios as protection from
Chinese bandit bullets up the
river.
The japanese ship, without a
human being in sight aboard
her steamed slowly past the
Woosung Village defenses, not
so yards off the muzzles Of
Chinese machine guns, yet not
a shot was fired at her.
Less than a mile above Woo
sung Greek the steamer quickly
docked beside the old Chinese
railway wharf, now occupied by
Japanese land forces.
Let Troop Ship Get BY
Steel armored screens were
lowered to protect the gangplankS
as they were dropped to the
pier and out marched long files
Of khaki-clad, tin-helmeted Japan
ese infantrymen with full march
ing packs, rifles at the ready
and bayonets cleaning.
The Japanese commercial ship
had been transformed without
the knowledge Of the Chinese
into a troop ship ferrying rein
forcements from the Japanese
army transports lying down the
Yangtze under protection Of
Japanese cruisers and air car
rierS.
The Washington times., 1932-02-12
JAP Guns PERIL
j. 8. ENVOY
BY DIXON HOsTE

SHANGHAI, Feb. IL U.N.S0.
Japanese cruisers resumed bonn
bardrnent Of the Woosung district
late today.
A spokesman for American Min
lister Nelson T. johnson declared
the Japanese firing on WooSung
began just as the American min
lister and British minister, Sir
Miles Lampson, we're passing
aboard ships of their respective
navies, en- route to Shanghai from
Marking.
He said:
''It was incredible.
"The Chinese did not reply.
The japanese, of course, knew
the British and American min
listers were aboard, and they
must have timed their attack
purpOSely."
He declared johnson would be
here only a few days and would
meet Japanese Minister Shige-
mitsu, but it was doubtful whether
all foreign ministers would con-
fer with Shigemitsu jointly.
The Simpson anchored here at
10 a. m, and johnson immed-
lately was taken aboard the flag.
ship of Admiral Montgomery M.
Taylor, where he went into con-
ference.
The Washington times., 1932-02-12
.|RATE JAP CHIEF
SPURNS TRUCE
EXTENSION
Navy Commander Turns Down
Plea by British and
American ConSuIS
BY JOHN GoETTE

SHAN GHAI, Feb. IL
(L.N.S. ).-Charging that the
Chinese had violated the four
hour truce arranged in the
Chapel district this morning
for the evacuation Of non
combatants and wounded, Ad-
miral Nomura, japanese
naval commander, today dis
missed a request that the
armistice be extended.
The British and American con-
suls general, Brenan and Gun
ningham, called upon the admiral
aboard his flagship and explained
that the Chinese desired more
time to search for their wounded
and for civilians still hiding in
the ruined Chapel district. No
mura, with a trace OF anger,
asked:
"What truce? So far as the
Chinese are concerned, there
has been no truce. They fired
on our positions during the
period from 8 q. m. until noon,
when q truce was supposed to
be in effect, and they spent
the forenoon erecting barbed-
wire entanglements. This was
in direct violation of our agree
ment."
Immediately after issuance of
Nomura's statement, in te n e
fighting and heavy firing broke
out again along the Chapel front.
Chinese military leaders ad-
mitted that Chinese frontline SOL
diers unwittingly broke the truce.
They had not been informed Of
the detailed arrangements made
to rescue non-combatantS, were
told merely to cease firing from
8 a. m. until noon, and misunder-
stood the opening Of the japanese
lines to admit refugees into
Chapel.
Only Three Shots Heard
The rescue workers, however,
who were accompanied by the In
ternational News Service CORE
spondent, heard only three rifle
shots during the hours spent in
strolling about shell-torn Chapel
in search of non-combatantS in
need Of aid.
These shots were heard as I in
spected the ruined North station
with one detachment of the Red
Cross workers.
Chinese soldiers posted there
showed me craters left by Japa-
nese aerial bombs, some Of them
several yards wide. The tracks
outside the station are twisted
into fantastic knots by destructive
missiles dropped from the air. E.
Reprisal Seen in Plan
A division of Chinese troops
was moved to Nantao, the
native district of Shanghai south
of the French concession, after
expiration of the truce, and guns
were installed on the Bund to re-
sist a possible Japanese attack.
The Japanese were reported
planning to lombard Nantao be-
cause of the alleged action of
Chinese police in the district in
firing on Japanese warships
anchored in the Whangpoo River
nearby.
The Washington times., 1932-02-12
bugle calls and activity aboard
the japanese DESTROYER.

bugle calls and activity aboard
the japanese destroyer.
It looked as though everything
was ready for action-an ex-
change Of broadside salvos. It
was action all right, but no
belligerency-just more polite
ness.
The Chinese gunboat dipped its
colorS-yes sir, lowered that
striped flag Of the Republic Of
China from the foremast. .Bugles
sounded again and the uni
formed Chinese sailors stood in a
rigid line at attention on the deck.
The Japanese destroyer return.
ed the salute in a like manner as
the Chinese warship slid past,
downstream. There was no rough
ness. It was just like love and
kisses.
I Idocked my speedboat upstream
opposite the power station, where
an English-Speaking Czechoslovak-
ian manager was bravely strug.
Cling to keep the plant running
despite the desertion Of his Chi
neSe coolie coal bearers.
He generously lent me his run.
about, his only means Of q get
away, and I hit the military road
along the shore back once more in
the direction of WooSung Greek.
This was the car which took me
to the Woosung Greek fighting I
told you about in the first part Of
this dispatch.
Gtepping on the Gas!
The road back was deserted,
lined with trees and occasional
groups Of Chinese peasants.
There were huts and COM
pounds, but little sign Of life. The
countryside was drab, with mud
colored stretches Of flat to the
West and to the North.
NumberleSS creeks and canals
crisScrossed into a perfect laby-
rinth. The connecting waterways
The Washington times., 1932-02-12
.DARES BOMBS TOWATCH
BATTLEFRONT BOAT AND
BORROWED FL|VVER

AS I reached the creek, sud.
den roar of motors overhead was
followed by the staccato of a
machine gun as a Japanese air
plane dived low across the road.
I couldn't figure out what the
pilot was firing at, and my
curiosity was shared by two
Chinese linemen Straddling the
crosspieces Of q telegraph pole,
fixing the wires 100 yards off.
They looked blandly upward,
the same as I, wondering as to
the cause of the firing-but not
for long! AS the splinters began
to fly from the telegraph pole,
the nnemen realized suddenly
that they were the targets for
the aerial visitor.
Just the Beginning
Both shinnied down in a
hurry, as the plane zoomed up
ward and circled above. again
firing bullets that kicked up mud
around the Chinese fleeing across
the low field, in and out between
large mounds Of Chinese graves.
I speeded up my car.
This was Just the beginning,
the forerunner of a stiff battle.
The Japanese sailors, after two
weeks, have failed to occupy the
North Railroad Station in the
Shanghai Chinese city, but the
Japanese land forces Certainly
have moved into both railroad
stations on the south side Of
WooSung Greek.