davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Daily Alaska empire., 1932-03-18
HOUSE MEASURE WOULD CUT OUT FOUR OPTIC
Proposes Consolidation of Courts Tn Second and
 Fourth Divisions

WASHINGTON, March IS. = Chairman Hatton w Summers. Democrat of Texas, yesterday in troduced a bill to reduce the num- bsr of United States district Judges, attorneys, clerks of court and mar shals in Alaska by one each.
 The measure provides that there shall be only one district judge, one clerk of court, one district attorney and one United States Marshal for the Second and Fourth Judicial Divisions of Alaska"
 It also provides that the terms of those officials now serving in those divisions shall continue until June 31, 1892, or until their successors are appointed and qualified.
 This measure is apparently iden- tical with one introduced last De- cember in. the Senate by Senator Norris, Chairman of the Judiciary Comnittee. Nothing has been heard from the Norris bill since its intro duction Advices received by local residents from private sources some time ago said the Senator would not press it for consideration.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1932-03-18
Mrs. Frank Wright
 Dies in Bellingham

BELLINGHAM, Wash, March 18. Mrs. Frank Wright, wife of the President of the Carlisle Packing Company, is dead here.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1932-03-18
CLOSING PRICES TO-DAY

NEW YORK, March 18.-Closing quotations of Alaska Juneau Mine stock today is 14ss, American Can 651z, Anaconda g, Bethlehem Steel 1874, Curtiss- Wright IF, Fox Films 3A, General Motors 18A, Interna- tional Harvester 20as. Kennecott g, Packard Motors 3ss, United States Steel 421z, Bunker Hill 21.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1932-03-18
STOCK MARKET HEAVY TODAY;
 LIGHT BUYING
Many Leading Issues Sus- tain Losses of From One
 to Three Points

NEW YORK, March 18.-Stocks turned heavy today. The market lacked buying support. Declines of from one to three points were sustained by leading issues.
 American Telephone and Tele- graph was off four points.
 American Tobacco "B," United States Steel, American Can, Allied Chemical and Western Union were off two points.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1932-03-18

Continued on Page Two)
Evening star., 1932-02-14
Canadian ''Nickel'
In Most General Use

OTTAWA, Ont-The Scent piece
or the nickel" as it is popularity
termed. is the coin in most general use
in Canada. Last year the royal
Canadian mint here delivered no
fewer than 5,620,000 scent pieces. a
total that exceeded that of 1-cent
pieces. of which 5,140,000 were issued.
Ten-cent pieces. or dimes" were third
in the point of delivery with a total
of 2,294000.
The 50-cent piece silver coin, was
in comparatively little demand last
year. for only $4,000 were issued. A
total of 848, 900 quarters" were minted.
During the year the mint struck
II .6l8, $50 coins and issued 1870, 900.
No gold pieces were minted.
The gross value Of rough and fine
gold and fine silver received by the
mint last year was $35, ,63s,176. Deliv-
cries to the finance department had
value of s35.176551. Trade bars sold
were valued at s545,541.
Paper currency of denominations
ranging from one dollar to higher units
used in Canada Is made by private
companies for the government and the
chartered banks. Oddly enough, the
two-dollar bill Is not unpopular in
Canada.
Evening star., 1932-02-14

been disorders or troubles. and another,
on the contrary. IS in the midst Of un-
rest and anarchy; one has never been
attacked or invaded and another has
been constantly the theater of wars or
invaSionS.
How can all this be reconciled?
Shall We say that Japan. facing the
whole of the Asiatic chaos is going to
reduce her armaments in the same pro-
portion as Australia. facing only the
immensity of the ocean? Shall we say
that France. possessing the biggest CO.
lonial empire after Great Britain an
empire scattered all over the world, is
not entitled to a larger navy than
Italy. whose colonial provinces lie at
her door? Shall We say that Poland,
living under the threat of a territorial
revindication from Germany and bor-
dering Soviet Russia, is Just as safe as
Norway and does not need greater Sc
curity than Sweden. adjacent to the
North Pole and never having been at
tackled or invaded?
There is. of course, Lord Robert
Cecil's proposition, which tries to solve
all these problems in a simple way
Let us not be Sidetracked." he wrote
Continued on Fourth Page
Evening star., 1932-02-14
Roosevelt Leads for Nomination
In Spite of Declaration by Smith

votes as Roosevelt in New York State,
in that event Garner would have a very
good chance
The heart of Roosevelt's strength can
be understood by dividing Democratic
leadership into two groups-the i'm
portant national leaders and, on the
other hand, the little local leaders and
workers in the counties and precincts.
The important national leaders are a
unit in. let us not say, opposing Roose-
welt. but being doubtful about nomi-
mating him. and being very certain that
the nomination ought not to be fore
closed at so early date. whether ir
behalf OF Roosevelt or OF any one else.
OF the little local leaders, however,
a considerable majority are committed
to Roosevelt. To preserve their leader
ship in their respective communities.
they have been more or less obliged to
identify themselves with one candidate
CT another. Most of them have adopted
Roosevelt, not through any particular
affection for him. but as the fruit Of
| circumstances. With Roosevelt so far
out in front end having the only Or
ganization working on a Nationwide
scale. it has been natural for a local
leader to line up with the New York
Governor. To do otherwise. to oppose
Roosevelt, would call for explanation.
much stronger personal loyalty for ex-
Governor Smith than for Roosevelt. but
they have not thought of Smith as
either greatly wanting the nomination
or likely to get it, Had Smith been a
real candidate for the nomination. or
had be made his recent announcement
earlier. many local leaders would have
committed themselves to him. These
local leaders. moreover wish above all
things to avoid strife. They think from
their point of view that the party has
an almost certain chance to win the
election: they think that almost the
only thing that would destroy the
chance would be a fight over the nomi-
nation. They see Roosevelt much in
the lead and they like to think of his
nomination as predestined program
They do not speculate much about
Roosevelt's qualities as compared with
those of Newton D. Baker or of Speaker
John Garner or of the other aspirants.
They merely feel that it is Demo-
cratic year, that any acceptable Demo-
cratic nominee can win the election,
and that Roosevelt is. at the least,
a perfectly acceptable nominee.
The effect of Smiths curiously worded
announcement last week will appear in
the primaries of Eastern States, such
as Massachusetts,. New Hampshire and
Pennsylvania. If Smith, after restrain
ing himself to a purely passive attitude
should, nevertheless. get considerable
numbers of delegates. and especially II
he gets them at the expense of Roose-
velt-in that event Smith will be an
extremely formidable person in the con-
vention.
Evening star., 1932-02-14
LATIN AMERICANS LAUD
BRITAIN'S TARIFF WALL
of Free Trade Policy
Viewed as Having Widespread Effect
on Trade With United States.

, tlely voiced by the diplomatic represent
atives of those countries which were to
be most affected, were disregarded by
the gentlemen at the Capitol, and the
highly protectionistic Hawley Smoct
tariff act went into effect.
The fact, alone, that all their pre-
dictions are being confirm ed. should be
sufficient cause of rejoicing for these
who opposed the passing of TIE high
tariff laws of two years ago. But this
moral satisfaction is not all.
! Material benefit will certainly be de-
rived from these enlightening though
promoting low-tariff public opinion
which may eventually force a change in
the present state of affairs. This trend
is already being registered by editorial
writer's throughout the country.
In the last Congressional elections
several Democratic candidates were
elected en- promises of tariff revision
and reductions. And one Of the first
things the Democratic majority of the
House did last December was to sug-
gest the negotiation of reciprocal tariff
agreements with individual countries.
in order to relieve the seriousness of
present conditions in the foreign trade
of the United States.
brought into the situation by the world
wide economic depression have played
most important role in furthering this
anti-tariff sentiment in the United
States. but, at any rate, any new de-
velopment which confirms the warm
| ingS of two years ago-like the adoption
of protective walls by other countries
is bound to augment the growth of that
sentiment And when the country
erecting the wall happens to be Great
Britain, Uncle Sans best customer,
such consequences may be expected to
be particularly felt.
Other Reasons Cited.
This, however, is not the only reason
why Latin Americans here look with
favor upon Great Britain's departure
from her traditional policy of free
trade Aside from the effect it will
have in stressing in this country the
dangers of excessively high customs
duties. that action will indirectly. and
eventually, exercise a beneficial in
fluence on American trade.
Those who since the close of the
World War have been endeavoring to
promote closer commercial relations
between the United States and the
Latin American republics, find en-
couragement In the new position
adopted by Great Britain.
When Canada increased her customs
duties, not long ago, in retaliation for
the action of the United States, she
ceased being this country's largest Gus
toner. Now that Great Britain, who
inherited the leading role in the foreign
trade of Uncle Sam, establishes tariff
wall, exports to the British Islands will
naturally decline.
Latin America is next to Great
Britain and Canada in the export trade
of the United States. Thus, it is only
logical that when artificial barriers are
erected around those two regions, the
attention of business men in this coun-
try should be more and more diverted
toward the South. Not that similar
barriers do not exist in Latin America
though there they are primarily foI
Continued on Fourth Page.l
Evening star., 1932-02-14
LAYTON REPORT is SEEN
BASIS FOR DEBT FARLEY
Suppressed Document Approved by
Seven Nations May Be Starting
Point for New Conference.

again, Sir Walter preserved and slightly
modified his original document.
On the last day each Of the repre-
sentatives received a copy Of this re-
port with a private statement from Sir
Walter that it represented the views Of
| 7 Of the IL delegates, including the
American, Walter w. Stewart. The
| other four delegates, the Frenchman,
| the German, the Belgian and the Jugo-
slav, had not been consulted.
This document is today in the pos
session of the II governments. The
| English hope it can be used as bass
| for the forthcoming negotiations. The
report itself is fairly short and generally
! favorable to the so-called German
thesis
1t begins by saying that no repara-
tionS can be expected from Germany
within the next five years. 1t admits
it might be possible to increase the
present German export surplus, but
does not favor this as it would likely
cause further upset of international
trade.
! 1t discredits the idea that reparations
might in the meanwhile be paid in
marks and left in Germany, since the
German budget is already cracking
under the present load Therefore no
reparations can be expected during this
time.
French and Germans Displeased.
Here the report deserts the German
thesis The fact that the Germans can
not pay now does not prove that they
can never pay. Sir Walter implies that
they ought to pay something eventually.
Since a settlement ought to be reached,
he suggests that bonds be issued guar
anteed by the German railways. No
interest would be paid on these bonds
until such time as the railways begin
to make profit.
In other words. he would take the
railways both as an index of reparation
possibilities and a source Of future pay
ments. This is the gist OF the report
and one which the British would like TO
see adopted
Both the French and Germans claim
! to be disSatiShed-tne Germans because
( they do not wish ever again to pay
anything and the French because they
would receive too little But the eco
nomic crisis is pressing and it is pos
siole that both governments under
pressure could be induced to discuss
the possibilities afforded by the SUP
pressed Layton report"
Copyright. 1922
Evening star., 1932-02-14
World War Would Find i. S. Outclassed
Bv Other Great Powers in Aeronautics

which s11,723,OO0 is destined for ex-
penditure on the air forces Of the do
minions.
France, despite her overwhelmingly
larger air force, is expending total
of only $44,502,0O0 during the current
fiscal year, the report shows The ex-
penditures Of the other powers are as
follows: Italy, s2ss5Oooo; Japan, s2s,-
year. S76,595 ,0OO
The Russian figures it was explained,
are not accurately comparable because
they are based on the nominal value of
the ruble at SO cents to the dollar.
The pay of the air forces and civilian
employees is not included because the
American and British pay is incom-
parably higher than in other countries
and because compulsory military service
in peace-time in other cases enables the
air forces to obtain skilled mechanics
at very low COST
The reason the American dollar has
gone for less actual return in air
strength, it is pointed out by national
defense authorities. is because labor
costs and prices of materials are much
greater than in other countries and be-
cause of other factors which affect the
price of the equipment.
The United States. however spends
, less for what it gets in the form OF
commercial aviation than any other
nation in the world, the survey shows.
Despite it's enormous superiority in
civil aviation. this country ranks third
in the total of expenditures for the
support of civil aviation. France leads
with a total of S21 AL 900, Russia
standing second with SIG, ,425. 900 and
the United States third with $ll,-
778.000
Aviation costs form relatively small
percentage of total defense costs for
the air powers. according to the report.
The percentage of total defense ex-
penditureS devoted to aviation, both
military and civil, is as follows: Great
Britain. 1912 per cent; Japan. 16 per
cent: France. 1494 per cent; Russia.
1888 per cent; the United States. 1902
per cent: Italy, 1913 per cent, and Ger
many. 8.77 per cent.
Among the seven powers, however,
France pays proportionately the most
for her national aviation, as compared
with the total cost of government. yet
they are only 3.03 per cent of her to-
tai expenditures. The United States
paws 2.26 per cent of its total govern
mental expenditures on aviation.
THE report. which Is the first really
comprehensive collection of data Of the
kind to be made available to the pub
lie. throws a new light on the relation
of aerial defense to national affairs
end os!. on t the e.! relative lat stre7fth OF the
Evening star., 1932-02-14
BY ANNA E. HENDLEY.

4 WASHINGTON and Lincoln
~ have come in our great cen
II tury, and in between their
1 \ birthdays was born Susan B..
Anthony, whose life has been
given to a noble cause: once the target
for the cruel and bitter shafts of ridi-
cule, now deemed the noblest among
women. The task of Washington and
Lincoln could not be complete until
the crown was placed on the brow OF
woman as we'll as man. and when the
great soul of Susan B. Anthony passed
on to immortal life. her name, her
memory on earth should take its place
among the martyrs and saints OF liberty.
Washington emancipated his country
from the tyranny of king. Lincoln
emancipated race and removed the
blot of slavery, Susan B. Anthony
emancipated woman from civil, legal
and political oppression. All OF these
heroic souls suffered from the lack of
understanding by the people OF their
age, but all lived to see the triumph OF
their causes, and all will have a per-
manent place in the history of the ages.
Susan B. Anthony was born among
the Berkshire Hills of Massachusetts,
February IS, 1920, with the spirit Of
the reformer and in the atmosphere
of progressive thought. She was the
second child of Daniel and Lucy Reed
Anthony. Her mother. Lucy Reed, was
a member of the distinguished Reed
family, known to English history from
the eleventh century.
Recognized by Quakers.
When Elizabeth Cady Stanton and
Iucretia Mott called that famous first
Woman,s Rights Convention in 1848 at
Seneca Falls, N. Y. which was Mrs
Stanton's home, and it adjourned to
Rochester, near by, members OF the
Anthony family signed the immortal
Declaration of Principles, there adopted
Quakers from the earliest days rec
ognized the equal rights OF woman.
Miss Anthony began her work as a
teacher, but early in life she found the
school room too narrow. She became
interested in the temperance reform
and her first public address was made
on that question. She found that its
masculine advocates did not care to hear
women speak on this or any other sub
iect and would not accept them as del
eeates to any of their conventions. Al
this time, in 1851, Miss Anthony first
met Mrs. Stanton, and this marked the
beginning of her public career and Of
their friendship, which continued FOL
over so years.
The two organized a woman's tenn
perance society. but after two years
both became convinced that women
were dealing with effects only, and that
their first and greatest need was fol
the ballot-to deal with causes. Thence
forth they directed their efforts to-
ward speaking and working for thi:
object. with the collateral aims Of bet
ter laws and larger opportunities.
The slavery question grew more and
more acute and Miss Anthony foune
herself in touch with William Lloye
Garrison, Wendell Phillips and Others
who spoke for the rights OF women a
well as for the freedom of the slave.
The Civil War was declared and wom.
an suffrage as an issue was lost sight of
Early in 1853 Miss Anthony went Il
Evening star., 1932-02-14
LIFE OF SUSAN B. ANTHONY
LIKENED TO LINCOLN'S
Task of Emancipator Called Incomplete
Without Crown Being Placed on
Head of Suffrage Pioneer.

New York and with other suffrage
leaders opened headquarters in Cooper
Union to roll up a petition Tor the
emancipation of the slaves.
The war ended and then came the
struggle over the fourteenth and nj
teenth amendments to enfranchise the
colored man. This was the most tragic
chapter in the history of woman suf-
frage. for when Miss Anthony and Mrs.
Stanton began revolt against these
amendments, which would enfranchise
millions of men who were recently
slaves and leave out women. they found
themselves wholly deserted by the men
with whom they had worked shoulder
to shoulder for the past 10 or Is years,
and who were now willing to sacrifice
the women to secure votes for colored
men.
Many of the leading women were won
over by the promise of the Republicans
that they would Immediately take steps
to obtain suffrage for women. The
amendments were adopted that put bar
riers against it in the Constitution
which had never before existed and
the party, during the next so years,
absolutely refused to redeem its promise.
Convention Called.
Miss Anthony and Mrs. Stanton and
the few who stood with them called a
convention in New York City in 1869
and organized the National American
Woman's Suffrage Association to obtain
another amendment to the Federal Con-
Stitution which would enfranchiSe Wom-
en-. Miss Anthony never ceased her
strenuous labors for this amendment
until she passed away in 1906, at the
age of &c years. She did not live until
the final victory was won, but she saw
the entire status of women revolution
lied and every right practically con-
ceded which was demanded at the first
women's rights convention in 1910, ex-
cept the granting of suffrage, and that
was ultimately assured.
While Miss Anthony worked for the
temperance cause and the abolition OF
slavery. she subordinated every cause
to that of suffrage. To its service she
consecrated every hour of her time
every power of her being. 1t was her
work. her recreation, her politics, her
religion.
In 1888 Miss Anthony's desire tC
effect an international suffrage organi-
zation was greatly furthered. A nine
month trip to Europe resulted in the
forming of a strong committee to pro-
mote this purpose. which later brought
about the organization of the Interna-
tional Council of Women. which met
for the first time in Washington, D. C..
in 1888. Thus was the gospel of the
equality of women carried to other
lands.
Towers Of Strength.
At this time came Anna Howard
Shaw to the rescue. She and Carrie
Chapman Gait we're towers of strength
and Miss Anthony's chief lieutenant:
for many years.
BY the close of the nineteenth cen.
tury, persecution and calumny hae
passed away and Miss Anthony wa!
honored and eulogized wherever sht
went, but suffrage was still denied by
Congress.
In 1900 Miss Anthony placed tn.
(Continued on Fourth Pagel
Evening star., 1932-02-14

the second time it may have been
relapse; but the third time it looked
like a chronic disease. and the fourth
time brands it as an incurable habit" p"
Is a nation that is the victim of such
an incurable habit not eXcusable for
taking precautions? The question will
have to be answered.
And there We have the first difficulty
A second difficulty if the various
powers agree to limitation of their
ornaments, will be to find the common
principle or, II you prefer. the COM
mon measure upon which they can
work to reduce their armies Or navies.
There are no two nations alike, just as
there are no two men alike. Every ma
ton has its own geographical confgura-
tion: one has many sea coasts and an
other has practically none; one lies on
a single sea and another faces two
oceans: one has distant colonies and
the other has no colonies at all; one
has a range Of high mountains as
frontier, forming a natural barrier. and
another has its borders, so to speak,
open to every wind.
The same might be said of the moral
atmosphere in which a country lives:
one is located in part of the world
where there have practically never
Evening star., 1932-02-14
Russians Use Planes
To Fight Farm Pests

MOSCOW. U. S. S. R.-Aviation in
the Soviet Union is playing a tremen-
dous role, not in transportation and
communication but in agriculture.
Fighting agricultural pests via the air
seems to be a method the Soviets have
found to be rather successful.
Last year Soviet airplanes success
fully protected some 250, 900 hectares "a
hectare equals PAT acres) from varied
pests and insects that devour farm
products. This year planes will be used
in an area of approximately 100000
hectares Of infested land. By the end
Of 1882 Russian agronon1ists expect the
locust Anger to be entirely wipe out.