davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times., 1932-03-24
TAX BAT TIE.
OPENS IN
HOUSE
Galleries Full As Debate
Starts; Crisp Leads Fight
for Sales Levy

The House today came to
grips on the manufacturers
sales tax with galleries
crowded and the air / sur
charged with excitement.
Immediately after the House
convened, the most contro-
versial feature of the 1885,
100000 tax boost bill was laid
before the body for action.
In a fighting mood after a
days rest ordered by his physi-
clan. Acting Chairman Crisp CD
of Georgia, of the Ways and
Means Committee, asked approval
of amendments to the manufac-
turers tax section eliminating all
foodstuffs, clothing, farm prod
ucts,3 and other necesSaries from
the tax.
sHeart" OF The Bin
With these changes, the tax is
estimated to produce $460, ,000s
900 instead of $595, ,000, 900 as
originally proposed for an emer-
gency period ending iJune 80.
1884.
The manufacturers tax, de-
scribed by leaders as the heart"
of the bill, is necessary If Con-
gresS is to balance the budget
without laying hardShips on a
few particular industries, Crisp
maintained.
1t was attacked by Represen-
tativeS Doughton CD of North
Carolina; Rankin Cd of MisSiS-
sippi, and LaGuardia (RO Of
New York as IAN attempt to
Shift the tax burden to the poor
people" of the nation.
Substitutes In Prospect
The committee ives prepared, if
the sales tax is defeated, to
recommend taxes to take its place.
These include a 1-cent a gallon
tax on gasoline, tax on domestic
consumption of electricity and
gas, stamp tax on checks and
other instruments, tax on auto
mobiles sales, and similar levies.
The opposition was divided.
Some proposed different forms of
taxation, including special sales
tax to wipe out the Treasury de-
ficit. Others proposed raising
money by selling bonds, thus in
creasing the national debt.
The Washington times., 1932-03-24
". Y. Police Release
Excited Tennis Fan

NEW YORK, March "a G.N.SO
Mrs. Dorothy A. Cutler, 33, was
to be released from the observa-
ton ward of Bellevue Hospital
today after she explained she
meant no harm to anyone whel
her behavior caused an uproar
at the indoor international tennis
matches. Jean Borotra, French
tennis star, made no charges
against her after she was seized
while brandishing q paper cutter
and seemingly directing q verbal
onslaught against the Frenchman.
The Washington times., 1932-03-24
Italian Princess
BetrOthGL Looms

SOFIA, Bulgaria, March "a
GN.SO.-Another union between
the Italian and Bulgarian royal
families loomed today. King
Boris and Queen Giovanna, a
former italian princess, left in
cognito for Rome, accompanied
by Prince Cyril, a brother of the
King. It was rumored Cyril
planned to ask the hand of Prin.
cess Maria Francesca, youngest
daughter Of King Victor EN-
manuel of Italy.
The Washington times., 1932-03-24
LGn1Ont's Son Scans
Soviet Cattle Post

MOSCOW, March "a UN.SJ.-
Robert P. Lamont, son of the
United States Secretary of Com
merce, arrived in Moscow today
to survey the cattle situation with
a view to taking over the post of
livestock expert for the Soviet
government,
The Washington times., 1932-03-24
$1-G-BGTreL Crude
Oil Due on April I

PONCA CITY, Okla, March
"a UNS0.-The dream of the
oil world-"dollar" oil-will be-
come a reality April l, when the
Continental Oil Company will
post a top price Of 81 a barrel
for crude OH of 10 degree gravity
and above. ,#,4 ....,.......
The Washington times., 1932-03-24
HGlOks, in MOnOpLane,
Is FLHinq to Tulsa

NEW YORK, March "a QN.SJ
Capt. Frank M. Hawks, speed
flier, left Floyd Bennett Airport,
Barren Island. at 9:49 a. m. to-
day in his low wing monoplane.
He will fly to Tulsa, Okla, max
ing stops at st. Louis and Co
lombuS, Ohio. He is to participate
in an airport dedication at
Tulsca.
The Washington times., 1932-03-24
ESTELLE WALKER SUES

LOS ANGELES, March "a
0N.S0 .-Estelle Walker, film
actress, today filed suit to divorce
Emil M. Wargin. She charged
nonsupport.
The Washington times., 1932-03-24
CONDITION OF TREASURY

Treasury balance as of March
%, $711,28S157.75.
Expenditures, $33, ,4O0,917.41.
Customs receipts, $16,26O, ,7OO.21.
The Washington times., 1932-03-24

The WEATHER

Fair with lowest temperature about "a de
grees tonightj Friday increasing elOudiness and
somewhat warmer showers Friday night Sat-
urdayj gentle variable winds, becoming moderate
sOutherly Friday. Temperature yesterday---
Highest, So; lowest, 33. O931)-Highest,S57 (;
lowest, 37).
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-10-22
Two StrikeS>> I qUO Paths!

THE victory the strikers at the Regal Doll Co. in Tren
ton n j. announced yesterday, brings forward wildly
the contrast between real rank and file militant struggle,
and the seOut of the New York doll strikers by
Socialist LOvesonee leadership The socialists of the
cleft phrasemongering" variety.
New York the picket line consisted of two workers
walked up and down before the factories until five
o'clock when they told by their leaders to go home
not to disturb the scabs coming out few days be-
fore the strike called off, mass picket line
strikers marching two
with stationed at intervals to
the pcking ended
factory quitting time to eliminate disturbance"
Trenton supported of
Regal picketng Fifteen
stopped effectively closed the day OF the
strike
behind the
the back under cond
with offer IS to 20 increase reduc
sanitary conditions recognition of
committee the Trenton Doll Workers Industrial
spite of the New York mslead
the
prevent the Trenton victory
doluworkers handed by the
Socialist the reaconary American Federation
pledged the militant policies
Union Unity League.
unity Lovestonte Socialist leaders with the
boss against the workers.
= In unity workers
conditions H..
struggles
collaboration defeat which beckn the
ctoy leadership the Trade Unity
the Communist Party
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-10-22

front tactic means unity and a
love feast" with the other orga-
nizations Nothing could be more
wrong and more dangerous. The
18th Plenum of the Central Com
mittee states:
Approaching the non-party
masses on the basis of their i'm
mediate needs and demands; pre-
posing to these masses irnrledi-
ate concrete actions to satisfy
these immediate needs; and de-
veloping such special forms Of or
ganizaticn Of these struggles that
will provide the broadcast possible
united struggle front, without
requiring from the non-psrty
participants in this struggle the
immediate acceptance. OF the full
program of the Party, Of its or
ganizational forms, nor its formal
leadership. The essential feature
OF the United Front Is that it
unites hitherto separated groups
Of workers for joint struggle
which would otherwise bemore
difficult or impossible"
But it must always be understood
that the Unemployed Council does
not give Up its organization but on
the contrary builds it, recruiting
also the largest masses from these
reformist-led organizations in the
course Of the united struggle to de-
feat the attacks of the boss class.
The United Front in the neighbor-
hoods is established through estab-
fishing local Action Committees and
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-10-22

developing mass struggles against
relief stations and political bodies.
NEXT STEP.
1t is also necessary to guard
against a strengthening of already
existing legalistic methods which
find roots in. some sections of the
Unemployed Councils, by coming
in contact with workers who have
had less experience in the Borders
movement and who still suffer the
influence of Mr.. Borders boss-class
theology This can only be, over
come by sharpening of the class
propaganda inside the Unemployed
Councils.
In all these activities the Unem-
ployed Council does not give up its
individual Leadership, existence or
activities. On the contrary, they
must be intei.oifled. The successful
calling Of q conference of 2oa dele
gates on October 18th during all
these activities which included some
worker delegates from these other
organizations, We, a correct move.
That conference helped to con-
solidate support %. the tested line
Of the Unemployed Council, based
on mass struggle. TIE delegates
to that confererce mus, serve as
the steel rcd of class struggle policy
at the general conference called by
all three organizations ON October
Goth in. preparation for a Cook
County Hunger March TO City
County Building on Monday, Oct.
3lst.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-10-22

the Unemployed Councils realize
that only at the bottom will the
united front of the workers be or
ganized and is proceeding, despite
Borders refusal.
2. Borders also wanted to create
illusions that the Cer1nak and En-
mersons are the representatives of
the. workers. He wanted a clause:
"Our representatives have failed
us" and in conference of two de-
legates from each of the three Or
CARNATIONS, this was overwhelm-
ingly rejected.
3. The most bitter fight occurred
also at the aforementioned con-
ference, when an attempt was
made on the part of Borders, his
ACCOMPLISHMENTS renegade ex-
PEELED from the Communist Party
years ago for his reformist pro-
gram and betrayals in the Anal
gamated Clothing Workers Union,
as well as the ultra-revolutionist
Dickson, to put over an idea that
the struggle for relief and against
the attacks of the boss class is
separated from politics.
REJECT
BORDERS PROPOSAL
They tried to convince the de-
legates that we should demand that
no political propaganda-no adj
vocating of political platforms or
candidates in the Hunger March"
The Unemployed Council delegates
with support of the rank and file
delegates of the Borders move
ment, distinct from Borders ag-
gregation of social service ladies,
ministers and renegades from Com
munism such as Schnied. and Kat
ziolas, defeated this proposal 100
to IA. The Unemployed Council
delegates pointed out the main is
sue B' the defeating of the 5ooo
relief cut. This can only be done
through mass struggle involving all
workers.
This movement must include the
Communist Party because it is the
only political party which has a
program on these burning issues
and which participates and leads
the unemployed as well as all other
workers in struggle for immediate
demands-all linked with struggle
against capitalism. Furthermore,
the Unemployed Council delegates
showed the connection between the
government state and relief; the
Enlrerson Government cut relief
509d -Cermak's policemen enforce
it by numbering the workers who
fight against it.
The Unemployed Council must
realize that these negotiations or
top mean nothing. The real uni
tee front is with the workers az
the bottom. These conferences only
serve to expose the refornist lead
ers, providing the struggles con-
tinue at the bottom and the I'm
employed Council exposes every be-
trayal move Of the Borders-Schneid
on top.
MANY dangers arise, primarily
ItA because of lack of political
clarity in the ranks of the Party
and of course in the Unemployed
Councils. These dangers express
themselves in the tendency OF some
comrades to think that the united
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-10-22
A NEW
OFFENSIVE

- - 1@% va ' -
In the last two weeks new Of
fensive against the unemployed
has been started, as evidenced by:
l. Abrupt announcement on
October 2 that all family relief
would be cut 50%, starting the
next day.
2. Refusal of special session
of State Legislature to appro-
pirate single cent for unem-
ployment relief, although its own
sub committee recommended SO
million dollars, which could not
even start to meet. the situation.
3. Consideration although
postponed until after the cleo
tions) of Sales Tax for Coun-
ty-unloading the burden of un-
employed relief on the workers
and middle class petty bourge-
oisie).
4. Statement yesterday of Inn
migration Commissioner Palmer,
That 25%o of families on relief
rolls of Cook County are aliens. i.
IL he had access to records. they
might be used by the government
in ordering deportations. We be-
lieve that a great many of the
aliens receiving relief could, be
deported."
S. While the City has no mo-
ney for relief, 400 new policemen
we're added last week to help kill
and beat the workers:
s. Increased police terror--kill-
ing of Cornrade Sboeob in first
local struggle against relief cut
by police. -
Answering this --latest attack, the
Unemployed Councils with full sup
port of the Communist Party, in
tensified its efforts already init
ated, to organize a broad united
front struggle OF the workers a.
gainst starvation, having as its
base local struggles in the neigh
horhoods and against local politi-
otans and leading to Cook Coun-
ty Hunger March and later to the
National Hunger March to Wash
ington, D. G.. which Comrade Fos-
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-10-22
The United Front Fight Against
SO PC. Relief Cut in Chicago
Unemployed Meet Nev Boss Ofensve Lay Bare Attempts
of Socialist Borders to Disrupt United Front

ter called for in his Coliseum
speech in Chicago on Sept 10.
UNITED FRONT
CALL
Immediately, the Unemployed
Councils called for united strug-
giles of all unemployed, including
the members Of the Chicago Work
ers Committee on Unemployment
and the Worker-League of America
in each neighborhood, on the basis
of local mass struggles, under the
leadership of Local Action Com
mittees, all to lead to an imme-
date hunger march through the
loop to the City County Building.
This call was taken up enthusiast
tically by the rank and file and
already many local struggles have
been successfully carried through
on the basis Of the fighting policy
OF the Unemployed Councils, par
ticipated in jointly by members of
the other two organizations.
While basing the united front
correctly on the bottom, the Un-
employed Councils also addressed
letters to each organization as such
which 1t also made public in leaf
let form, demanding united action
on the basis of program of de-
feating the relief cut and through
local struggles, delegations, etc,
leading to city-county wide
Hunger March Under pressure of
the rank and file, the reforrnist
Socialist leaders of the Chicago
Committee and the would-be ultra
leftiSt leaders of the Workers
League responded These confer
ences brought out sharply the diff
ferences in policy between the 1e-
galistic, pity-seeking, reformist pro-
gram of the Socialist Mr.. Karl
Borders, and the policy of united
action of all the workers based on
mass struggle, forcing the bourge-
elsie to give from their profits
wrung from the workers, all lead
ing towards a revolutionizing of
the workers, as expounded by the
Unemployed Councils.
WORKERS
DEFEAT MANOEvRE
Under the pressure of the rank
and file of his organization, Bor-
ders has dragged along, trying to
create conditions which would
force the Unemployed Councils to
break the united front with the
workers. The Unemployed Coun-
ellis with the support of certain
sections of Borders rank and file,
have defeated this, although no
one need have any illusion about
Borders. He will wriggle out as
soon as possible. The sharpest.
clashes have come on three points:
l. |. Borders refusal to agree to
local mass struggles against the
relief stations and local politicians,
etc. This Is what he fears more
than anything else because here
the workers Of his organization will
come in contact with the fighting
policies Of the Unemployed Coun-
ellis, which offers the only posi-
bility of even partially defeating
these attacks of the boss class.
Borders is also afraid the rank and
file will become militant" or will
use "indiscreet, unpleasant meth
DDS" which might embarrass" the
| politicians. Z, Despite this attitude.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-10-22
Debs' Fight Against the
Retorn1ist SIP. Leaders
His Struggle Against Hillquit, Berger and OPP
portunists of Type of Norman Thomas
By ALEXANDER TRACHTENBERG
III

By ALEXANDER TRACHTENBERG
III.
IN MANY occasions Eugene v.
" Debs was in open conflict with
the Socialist Party leadership. AL
though considered as such, Debs
really was never the political leader
of the party. He represented per-
haps the greatest popularity of the
American Socialist movement. Con-
sidered by the rank and file as the
personification OF the fighting spirit
of Socialism and looked upon by
the outside world as the outstand-
ing personality in the American
Socialist movement, Debs never sat
on the executive committee of the
party, except for the last two or
three years of his life, when he was
brought in chiefly for window
dressing, never was sent as dele
gate to a national convention or an
international congress, never par
ticipated in the councils of the
party to formulate policies and
work out tactics. The leadership of
the S.. P. studiously avoided bring
ing Debs into the organization He
was kept on the platform, where
his eloquence was capitalized, or
he was allowed to write mainly in
fugitive and privately owned So
cialist journals, rather than in the
official organs of the party.
The S. p leadership feared Debs'
revolutionary attitude on the burn
ing questions which agitated the
membership of the party. They
knew his uncompromising stand on
many questions and they preferred
not to have any quarrels with him.
He spoke his mind from time to
time, but being organizationally re-
moved from the membership he
could not exercise the influence over
them which otherwise would have
been his.
Debs should never have permitted
himself to be placed in such a posi-
ton by the S. P. leaders. His place
was among the proletarian mem
bers, guarding the party against the
reformist leaders and guiding the
membership in his own spirit of
militancy. He should have been
the political leader of the party in
stead of letting that leadership fall
into the hands of lawyers and
preachers.
DEBS WARNS
AGAINST REFORMERS
During the years 1902 the S. P.
grew in membership, reaching the
highest number in its history lover
100000 Debs saw the entrance of
elements into the party who were
joining it not as revolutionary So
ciallst Party, but as "a third bour-
geoiS party. While in other coun-
tries there were liberal parties
which petty-bourgeois elements, dis
illusioned with conservative parties,
could join, America had two equally
reactionary parties from which
these elements sought to escape.
The S. P. was the only available
political home for all those who
favored reforms which the two main
parties opposed. Advocates of
woman's suffrage, direct election of
Senators, abolition of child labor,
protective labor legislation, munic-
lpal ownership and agrarian re-
forms, joined the Socialist Party,
through which they hoped to pro-
mote these reforms, without bother
ing about the ultimate aims which
were written into the program of
the party In this manner the
proletarian and revolutionary Sec
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-10-22
Point Tqvo of Roosevelt's
Square Deal for Labor"

Point 2 of a eaflet entitled why Wage Farmers Want
Roosevelt and Garner issued by the Democratic National
Campaign Committee, states
through demanding immediate modification of the vOIstead
substantial reduction the of labor
o the channels of trade"
The Communist Party against prohibition but only the
Communist Party points out to workers that the Democratic
Party lies when says that modification repeal twill give
back jobs thousands On the contrary repeal of prohbi
ton will probably increase unemployment.
In New York City alone according to official figures,
there ere $4,000 s2eaeas They nomnay illegal but they give
etc The of the volsad modification
workers employed The will
number existing Jobs
Legal m94ucTe OF beer VIII net increase the number OF workers EN-
n o o b nn S 9 a and 1928 we're actually employ
TILE egazation employment
deliberately capitalist party politicians
in order distract the minds of workers from the need and struggle
the Of the employers and the
the hours labor already in Fect h ad the most degssn
ploymen itself -l4'' N''ii
ten days work per- months Recent government figures showed that only
l46 of the entire wOrkingclass
time ba far beT By 1age cut 0 WIN the reduction Of working
Party,
ton of Labor and the officials of the American Federation of
support either the Democratic Republican Party the
ting invented well the extension Of called the
Oil of New Jersey
of
sixteen and two-thirds cent them
This the real
Communist Party day
reduction fights the system
and cuts.
q
DON'T Roosevelt and Garner
square support
believe
tional conference to the channels of trade"
a only OF
held dominated by the Wall Imperialism
Mellon Republican, (Democat
England strengthen
iat against the Soviet the colonial
and the working class
policy
with tariffs
list Of trusts and
chester England Oct 90 in his capacity ambassador the
Mellon said:
regards question on which so
parties
together today than
a the emphas)
Mellon head of the Aluminium to which
additional tribute the cooking
utensils Mellon knows
difference
Roosevelt
the working Both capitalists
capitalist
capitalist way
employment, hunger and mperaist
Communist of the revolutionary
organization working poor
capitalism
the the United Statesthe
working instead the Of the capitalist
Communist
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-10-22
By JOHN WILLIAMSON

A NEW local offensive is being
n carried through by the boss
class Of Chicago and Illinois, aim
ed particularly against the unem-
ployed, but affecting all strata of
the workers. Up until now there
has been a great difference be-
TWEEN the relief given to the I'M
employed of Chicago dtself only
miserable pittance) and that given
outside of Chicago. Those 100000
on the relief rolls Of Chicago, con-
shutting a fraction Of the off1cially
admitted 10000 unemployed, re-
ceived between 81 to Sc per week
average, but down State, relief
(wi1ere given) averaged between 81
or 81 weekly and in the majority
of the mining fields amounts to
few pounds of -four or beans. This
difference is due solely to the he
roic struggles Of the Chicago I'M
employed workers under the lead
ership Of the Unemployed Councils
and Communist Party. Only through
mass struggle was this relief forced,
were evictions completely stopped
for period, and today are lin
tied.