davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-04-23
Fake Disarmament

the Chinse Kirin with the Korean Heinon and
the latter will be connected by means Of the
already existing railway line with Tztizin, an
ice-free port in Korea. The way from Shameful
to Osaca which is covered at present through
Dairien in hours, will take only 81 hours, upon
the termination of this line. Besides, the shift
ing Of troops, munitions ETC., in the Northern
basin of zusirne will not be subjected to the risk
of being attacked by the foreign navy. The
Kirin-Heinon line enables Japanese imperialism
to shift munitions and troops to Manchuria with
the least risk and greatest speed. Besides this
line is parallel to part of the Chinese Eastern
Railway.
The planned railway line Shangun-Tailai in
the northwest Of Hardin will enable japanese
imperialism to penetrate into the northern part
Taonan and salu, as well as between Tunigiko
Of the northeastern China and the line between
Tunigiko and Peched will secure the penetration
into Mongolia.
It is clear that the railway construction of
Japan in Manchuria pursues strategic purpose,
and these preparations for war transport are
directed against the USSR In the light of
these facts the interview given by Edo Fiemen,
the leader Of the Amsterdam transport workers
international to- the japanese journalists-de-
serves special attention. He declared that the
demand made to Japan as regards the evacua-
ton of troops from Manchuria, without guar
anteeng the interests of Japan, was quite absurd,
This means that the friend" of the USSR, as
he pretends to be in order to mislead the masses
of transport workers and to prepare them for
an intervention against the USSR, promises that
the social-fascist trade unions bureaucracy will
render the greatest support to the war prepare
tions against the USSR.
His ally, Bratschi, General Secretary Of the
trade union Of Swiss Railwaymen and member Of
the Executive Bureau of the International Fed
Grafton of Transport Workers, who represented
the transport workers international at the ~
international Conference of the transport work
ers, convened by the League Of Nations. also
confirmed the pledge of the social-fascists as
regards their greatest assistance to the i'm
perialists in organizing continual work Of the
transport in case of war He assured this
gathering Of the imperialist where plans OF an
armed invasion Of the USSR are worked out, of
the follwing:
Il fully appreciate the great political
Omic and social Importance of International
traffic. 1 recognize that the removal of all
serious obstacles to an undistributed transport
of persons and goods in international traffic
is worthy object, and 1 am glad that the
League of Nations is devoting attention to this
important question"
Such assurances have something behind them.
France, Czechoslovakia Poland RouInania and
the Balkan countries are carrying out the plan
of railway construction with view to connecting
the strategic functions and the theatre of war by
means OF communicating lines thus organizing
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-04-23
AMERICAN INTELLECTUALS|
ON THE SCOTTSBORO
LYNCH VERDICTS

well, and to the adherence Of every decent
man and woman that their hysterical and
insane hatred of the Negro is innate in their
minds and that the standards of bestial mob
are their own"
A statement by Alfred Kreymborg, poet and
novelist declares, in part:
THE decision of the Alabama Supreme Court
in the ScottSboro case once more bares the
tragic difference between the workers. black
and white, who are underpaid, undernoutshed,
overworked, and kept in a state OF warfare with
one another to split their strength, and the
owners, who own the land indusry, and to all
appearances sway the law, the courts and the
press"
Josephine Herbst, novelist, made the following
statement in support of the mass fight to free
the boys against the class justice Of the bosses
courts:
eve must fight the Scottsboro case to the
Supreme Court over the prejudiced Alabama
Court The protests OF the entire world will
arise against this Infamous decision denying to
these children who are workers and supposedly
freedmen all semblance OF justice"
Waldo Frank, novelist denounced the lynch
verdicts in statement reading, in part:
'Sacco and Vanzetti in Massachusetts, Mooney
in California the miners in Kentucky, and
now the Scottsboro boys in Alabama, give con-
viction to the growing fear that throughout
our country justice is impotent against class
hatred"
Lewis EIumford, writer and essayist and "a pro-
lessor at Columbia University issued the follow
ing statement:
THE legal slaughter of the seven Negro boys
in the Scottsboro case is as great disgrace as
the slightly more open violence OF lynching
bee Race prejudice and raw class vindictive-
ness have conspired in this decision to make
a trayeSty Of justice. Nothing more contrary to
elementary social decency has occurred since
the execution of Sacco and Vanzetti.
IF anything destroys respect for the existing
institutions the complete miscarriage of justice,
as in the Scottsboro case, does so. Those who
wish to maintain the present economic and
social order have the most serious cause to be
concerned over such tactics as prosecutor, jury
and the courts have displayed in this affair;
while those who, like myself, believe that our
present institutions must be radically altered,
are only further strengthened in their beliefs
by this exhibition of class violence, inSolently
disguised as law and order"
A statement given out by Elmer Rice, play
wright, declares in part: 49,. ~.
II am shocked to learn that the conviction
Of seven Of the Scottsboro boys has been upheld
by the Alabama Supreme Court
Everything that have read about the case
convinces me that these boys were convicted
upon the f1imsest sort of evidence and that the
conduct Of the trial was governed by racial,
sectional and political considerations rather
than by principles of justice"
These denunciations by leading American
inteIIectuals of the ScottsborO lynch verdicts
clearly show the growing influence of the
worldwide mass fight, under the leadership of
the prOIetariat, for the freedom of the Scots
boro boys,
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-04-23
Extent of Unemployment
in Textiles
By Labor Research Association

There is no exact record of the number Of
workers who are out of work in the textile in
dustries When Thomas F. MacNfahon, presi-
dent of the U. T. W., told the Committee on
Labor of the House. Of Representatives, Feb II,
1892, that there were approximately "a million
and quarter people employed in our industry"
he was referring not to the textile industry
proper but to the whole textile and textile prod
ucts industries which include the % or more
branches of the clothing trades. He estimated
that there are 100000 textile workers today
working a 5-day week or less, about 100000
working three or four days per week. and the
remainder are working fairly steady" He es-
timated that there were only 100000 workers
out of jobs in the textile and clothing industries
combined.
This is great underestimation There are
probably over 100000 less workers employed in
the whole textile and textile products industry
today than in 1923-25. And of the approximately
874,000 workers in the cotton, wool, silk and
dyeing and finishing branches-textiles proper
that were employed in 1926, about 245000 are
out of the mills today About 10000 are out in
cotton, 10000 in wool manufacturing, 10000 in
silk manufacturing and $4,000 in dyeing and
finishing. These estimates are based Jpn the
employment indices Of the U. S. Bureau Of
Labor Statistics and the Census of Manufactures.
There is no way of telling how many more hun
dreds of thousands are now working part time
from two to five days a week
In its investigation of conditions in Lawrence,
Labor Research Association found that Of the 81
workers studied, only had full-time for the
entire 40 weeks Of 1881 prior to the strike Sew
eral who had full-time weeks, when they worked,
reported that the "stagger plan" kept them 'one
week in and one week out" or in some cases,
zone week in and three weeks out" Of the $3.50
weeks Of work which these workers might have
put ill., they were allowed total of only 1,150
full weeks and 1000 approximately half weeks.
Here are few recent examples Of the way
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-04-23

r transport Is Being Prepared for War;
at may sound monstrOus but under the pre-
sent conditions war would have been desirable.
War would have increased the need for marine
tonnage the risk of marine transport would
have grown and at the same time speculation
would have increased. If no war breaks out the
world may for q long time expect any i'm
proveemnt for the latter is too fari" This was
printed in the organ of the Norwegian Con-
sentative Party - MOrganbladet" -- only two
months ago.
The shipowner, the port employers and rail-
way companies are drawing up projects and
greedy expecting fabulous profits. Arms and
munitions are being openly transported. Even
from the Hamburg port through which up to
the present. no munitions were sailed, even
through this port, arms are being transported to
China, for the struggle against the Chinese Red
Army, to Finland and to other countries hostile
TO the o. S. 5. r.
Transport is being prepared for war. In spite
Of the severe crisis in the marine navigation due
to which over 13,5O0O00 tons are not utilized,
finance capital spends huge sums on the building
Of new ships, not only expecting increased freight,
as the Norwegian shipowners are writing, but
also in order to make the merchant marine
naval reserve In its report on the latest changes
in the economics OF the U. S. A, the commission
under Hoover's Craftsmanship wrote as follows:
"Our argument for government aid to
merchant marine has been that ships under
our flag are necessary in case of war. Some
of our finest ships are engaged in this pro-
tected trade. The amount of tonnage in this
trade which should continue to increase, apart
apart from tanks, might constitute naval
reserve"
The capitalist contradictions are manifesting
themselves very sharply on this field. The
finance crisis compelled the English Government
to temporarily suspend the granting of subsidies
on the construction Of giant Of 1900 tons,
intended for Atlantic passenger traffic. The
French government, on the contrary, energetic
caIly subsidies the construction Of the biggest
ships "Super-Isle-de-F as they are called
in France, by the Transatlantic company.
Railway construction is imbued with the sole
idea Of the strengthening OF the mobility of the
railways, Of the transformation Of railway trans
port into powerful means Of the concentration
Of armies Of the shifting OF troops and supplies
during war.
The construction program Of the railways Of
Japan was restricted almost twice under the
influence of the crisis. The expenditure on the
construction OF new lines, on the reconstruction
of old ones, on the building Of stations, repairs
and enlargement of the rolling stock was greatly.
reduced. But the occupation Of Manchuria
called forth feverish construction of new railway
lines having strategic significance.
The Kirin-Heinan line is considered by Japan
. very important strategic line. 1t will connect
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-04-23

page exposes the inconsistency and carelessness
with which such d program was drawn up. One
could go on and point out similar shortcomings
in election rograms in other places. But the
above examples are sufficient to make every
class-conscious worker and farmer take the cleo
lions seriously and take the question of drawing
up programs in very serious manner
The lessons from the experiences in the north
ern Michigan local elections have already been
learned in other parts The program of the Com
munist party in Ewing Township (Rock) cleo
tions shows a correct class approach to these
problems. The program for immediate demands
amongst other states
Il. Immediate cancellation of all delinquent
taxes for the small farmers by the County and
State.
"2. To exempt ali small farmers from paying
taxes and to demand from the County and State
for heavy increase in taxation on large cor
porations, real estate companies, mining COM
panies, banks and rich landlords"
50. No closing of schools and no reductions in
the salaries of school teachers. We will fight
for State appropriation to keep the schools
open"
OF course we are dealing in this article with
the immediate demands, and complete program
of the Communist Party in any elections must
include a complete program of the Party of abol-
ishing the capitalist system and the establishing
of a workers and farmers government. In these
local elections the correct formulation of the
immediate demands is of utmost Importance to
develop further the class struggles both in town
and in the country and to destroy the illusions
Of democracy" and reforms through elections
without mass struggles.
In the resolution of municipal policy adopted
at the enlarged plenum of the ECCI February,
1880, it states: "In municipal election campaigns,
Communists must put forward before the masses
an extensive program of partial demands, but
they must not put forward such partial demands
as are likely to foster democratic illusions among
the masses" This we must all study and learn
in order not to reeat the shortcomings already
committed. AS guide we should read the Com
intern Resolutions on elections reprinted in the
February and March, 1882, issues OF THE Com
munist."
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-04-23

IN STATEMENTS issued yesterday, number OF
l American inteuectuals vigorously condemned
the attempt of the Alabama ruling class to legally
murder the nine innocent Scottsboro Negro boys.
A statement by Malcolm Cowley, one OF the
editors OF the New Republic, declares Of the
Scottsboro lynch verdicts;
This is class justice at its cruellest and
hoodiest.'
Theodore Dresser, most outstanding American
novelist declared:
THE action OF the Supreme Court OF the
State of Alabama in confirming the decision OF
guilt and. therefore, the death sentence, against
seven Of the eight young Negro boys in the
Scottsboro case is one which can scarcely be-
paralleled. It puts the stamp Of approval upon
an act Of barbarty.
The conditions OF the original trial are well
known 1t was held during county horse
swapping week, and a mob Of ten thousand
people surrounded the overlooking court house.
Armed militia. sent by the State, were there
in anticipation Of trouble, and trouble in such
circumstances means only one thing-attempted
lynching if the boys we're acquitted. There
was q bras band celebration Of victory when
the death sentences were returned. In the
appeal the defense attorneys commended that
the boys have been denied their rights in due
process Of law because mob hysteria inti1ni-
dated the judge, the jury and the defense
counsel
Under such circumstances, it seems impos-
sibe that any serious consideration Of proofs
of their innocence could have been given, yet
it was not impossible to expect such considera-
ton in an appeal to higher and, supposedly,
caImer court. But has this expectation been
fulfilled? No. Instead the decision which was
really first reached by a threatening mob has
been confirmed and the State Of Alabama and
its courts. low and high, have confirmed as
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-04-23

a widespread front Of an armed attack on the
USSR The Polish plans of railway construc-
ton provide for the building Of few parallel
lines toward the USSR The railway networks Of
Czechoslovakia, Poland, Roumania and the Bal
kan countries are being connected by means Of
lengthening the existing lines, construction Of
railway branches and main lines, construction Of
railway bridges, in order to strengthen the
transport capacity OF the railways having de-
cisive significance in an anti-Sovet war. These
plans of railway construction include also net
work Of high roads running across the coun-
tries bordering the USSR-these countries
being the treatre of the future war
The railwaymen are being militarized in Poland
and Roumana. Every breach of duty is being
punished by court martial at the meeting of the
League Of Nations. The social-fascist leaders
solemnly ratified their contacts with the i'm
perialists with regard to the preparations for an
arned attack on the USSR.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-04-23

unemployment has hit groups of workers in par
ticularly mills:
-Four hundred workers of the Manvile Jenckes
Co. at Pawtucket are out of jobs as the result Of
the transfer of the main plant of the company
to Cumberland, F. l. Formerly over 1000 workers
were employed in this now empty Pawtucket
plant.
Four hundred more workers in the New Bed
ford Cotton Mills division of the Hoosac Cotton
Mills Corp. out of jobs as the result of the
closing down of this plant indefinitely.
About 200 workers are thrown out Of jobs by
the closing Of the Klota Throwing Co. plant at
Homecoming, Md 1t is closed for an indefinite
period"
The plant of Lansford Mills Lansford, Pa, re-
Gently ceased operations "for indefinite
period" throwing out Of work $40 workers.
The Washington times., 1932-06-07
An Act of Despair
The Senate and the Wage Cut

with all the world seeking some means of increasing the
purchasing power of the and stimulating the flow of
voted to cu further the amount
of money with which people buy and to stagnae the
golden stream upon which prosperity is dependent.
In voting 10 per of the salary of Govern
nen worker drawing than $1,000 year the Senate
may very likely have added the final blow the aspirations
the people for speedy return to economic normalcy
There doubt that when that taken the
butcher the baker and the candestick maker drew little
farther into his shell of fear.
the great Government which he looked for
enterprsng courageous leadership turning into the path
Of despair.
What a wonderful gesture the Senate made when it ex
smpted from the cut salaries of below $1,000!
Instead of being ashamed to admit that in this day and
age of the United States would ask anyone
10 work for less than $1,000 year. it only by close
vote that the Senate accepted this puny exemption
The Senators who voted against this little mitigation Of the
ence imposed upon Federal employees should congratulate
themselves upon their hardness of heart their nhumanity
and their utter inability to interpret the wishes of the Ameri
public.
In all of the debate upon the salary cut provision there was
not Senator who could stand upon the floor and that
Government employees do not the meager salaries which
sashed.
Not Senator could maintain that full dollar of SER
vice is not rendered for each dollar paid.
Still the wages must be cut.
The Government empoye must twice for the sins OF
others He must pay increased taxes and he must suffer
decrease in wages
The folly of this curtament of money in circulation is
shown by efforts Democrats Republicans alike
to find way of increasing the total wage roll of the
nation.
Leaders of both parties in both the Senate and the House
have proposals for increasing expenditures for public works
Why President Hoover has at last forward with
kind of plan
None Of these proposals far enough They all
small editions Of the $5O0o0o000O prosperity loan proposal
which alone do the job effectively.
Still they show realization that the way prosperity
through increased expenditures and through the penny
pinching demonstrated by the Senate.
The Washington times., 1932-06-07
Never Mind the Children
Let Them Starve-They Don't Vote

Our politicians in Washington will pay attention to
brief news item York papers recently yet this item
is perhaps the important that has been published for
long time.
Here it is:
"Departnrent of Health figures shOw a six per cent
Mary Arnold, secretary Of the Chldrens Welfare
Association said in opening drive for funds With
which to prOUide Summer camps for children.
"POinting out that all charitable enterprises
experiencing great difficulties in raising funds
Miss Arnold said: The children of NeV York may
pay the toll of the economic strain by LoWered Uitn
ty.' She estimated there are $4,000 children UhO
DOuld benefit by Oists to the Federation's camps"
This is in New York city only.
When you think other cities where depression has been
than there you get idea Of the to child
hood that these days bringing And you agree probably
that nothing could be serious to the nation than the fate
Of these boys girls from whom the future citizens of the
nation will
Such questions do not interest Congress-
Our lawmakers thinking about the next electionno
about the next generation
But to others the welfare Of these youngsters
matter that deserves thought.
If cannot feed children properly, give them
healthy bodies and chance to develop into useful and
women what country coming to when they grow up?
And how many going to grow up?
Perhaps these questions Congress can
be bothered with them just It's members too busy
writing their campaign speeches to take up little matter
like this
The Washington times., 1932-06-07
THREE-MINUTE JOURNEYS

It is almost impossible to see
the lovely faces of orchids in
the windows Of a florist shop
without seeing mental pictures
Of rich, tropical trees with their
trunks almost hidden by masses
of orchids, and of nearby cof-
fee plantations.
And these two mental images
combine to remind you of Rio
de Janeiro, city Of sunshine,
leisure and gaiety-first-class
exponent of the gentle art of
fine living. Of course neither
trees loaded with orchids nor
plantations are in the town, but
just the same, coffee and Or
chids are intimately associated
with Rio.
Just which is the worlds most
beautiful harbor? Start this ar
gument in any group of trav-
elers, and those who have been
down to Rio usually award its
harbor the pride. Even Rud-
yard Kipling, a real world trav-
eler, unheSitatingly called it the
worlds most beautiful harbor.
The harpor at Rio is an
The Washington times., 1932-06-07

island studded bay, with a triple
range of hills in the background,
where gayly painted houses set
in lavish gardens seem clinging
to the hillside Wide, hand
some, palm tree lined, boule-
wards show on the lower slopes,
an6~in the foreground the pic
turesque waterfront.
Everywhere, terraces, each a
picture in itself. Whether
viewed in the early morning,
with soft light falling on the
grim Corcovado and Pao de
Assucar, standing like eternal
sentinels keeping guard over the
fair city, or in the evening
under the tropical moon, when
the city is glittering with mil
lions of electric lights, the
scene is breath-taking in its
beauty.
The women of Rio are mar
velously dressed, and hotels and
fashionable clubs and reStau-
rants look like Paris fashion
openings. Even on the hottest
afternoon you see no simple
little tub frockS, but wonderful
chiffons and georgettes rich
with intricate detail,
The Washington times., 1932-06-07
Happy Finland
Unhappy America

Prohibitionsts in Finland where the noble experiment
was recently repealed still waiting for the disasters that
they predicted would follow the sale of alcoholic beverages
disconcerting to prophet when his prophecy does
not pan out
The Finnish prOhibitionst prophecies ephatcally have
not panned out
On the contrary, these things have happened:
]. Drunkenness has decreased
. m-runnng and booteggng have almost completely
disappeared.
g. The crime rate is lower than before.
The government is getting without raising
taxes
To these fifth result though reported may certainly
be added. The great majority of Firms happier than
they
The only 'gooms left the fanatics who ran the
country for ten years. and who not running it
No doubt they wish they in America where fanatics
s WELD the sceptre and the majority still bow to their will