davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-03-12

tative, dynamited by Harlan gun thugs.
July 30.-Jesse London arrested and
charged with criminal syndicalism. Po-
lice searching every house for organ
izers and literature. Have instructions
to shoot, kill and slug.
August Warrants out for National
Miners Union organizers. Bruce Craw-
ford, newspaper correspondent, shot
and wounded by coal operators thugs.
August 7-~Jesse London re-arrested,
together with Arnold Johnson, repre-
sentative for the Civil Liberties Union,
and held on 10000 bail. Jason Afford
and Bill Duncan also arrested. Thugs
raided homes of miners.
August 10-Relief kiachen at Evarts,
blown up by gunner.
August 14-McKinney Baldwin, Me-
gro mine delegate to Pittsburgh con-
ference tied to tree and beaten.
August 1S-Henry Thornton, active
member of the National Miners Union
beaten and ordered out of county by
four gunner who raided his home. Thir-
ty-five Harlan miners on trial for muir
der
August 17-Boris Israel, newspaper
correspondent, taken for a ride" by
three coal operators gunner. Shot at
and wounded in the leg.
August 20-Allan Taub, Information
al Labor Defense attorney, threatened
ITO be put on the spot" by Deputy Sher-
iff Earl Brock, son of the prosecuting
attorney.
August 26-Indictments on charges
of criminal syndicalism returned against
Sc miners.
August 29-Deputized thugs in auto
mobile with machine guns searching for
district committee meeting of the Ma
tional Miners Union held in Pineville.
Thugs raid the home of Kimbler, ac~
tive mems er of the National Miners
Union.
September Joseph Moore and Ju-
Illus Baldwin murdered by Deputy Sher-
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-03-12

The Daily Worker reproduces poster
nailed up throughout the Kentucky
strike fields, and handed to Tennessee
sheriffs, offering reward Of $1,000
dead or alive" for Frank Horich, ma
tiona1 secretary of the National Miners
Union. This reward, which is offered
Kentucky agents by Henry Ford and
the United States Steel Corporation, is
part of the murder Indictment against
militant workers which led to the cold
blooded shooting of four hungry unem-
ployed workers by the Ford private gun
men in Dearborn, Michigan, last Mon
day. Now Ford and the U. S. Steel Of
fer $1,000 for the murder of Frank
Borica1.
We print below a breif history of
the murder and violence of the Ford
InsulI-U. S. Steel through their private
army of gunner and deputy sheriffs
in Kentucky and Tennessee in an effort
to drive the miners to death by star
walton.
May 5-Four killed, one striking
miner and three sheriffs, and a dozen
more wounded. On same day three
killed in slate fall in the mines. Two
more were killed in an unexplained
shooting between starving miners and
company gunner.
May 7-Three hundred and fifty mil
itiamen with machine guns were sent
into Harlan and Evarts, by order of
the Governor of Kentucky. Also an
armored tank.
May 11-Twenty-nine miners were
indicted for murder.
A worker correspondent to the Daily
Worker writes: MANY have been kill
ed so far in the Harlan County strike,
Of whom Is were coal miners. Among
the dead miners are three Negroes who
were shot in the back" '"There are
800 militiamen in the County"
July 24-The care of Jesse London,
International Labor Defense represen-
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-03-12

u6Io
February 11-Part 70 writer's COM
mittee kidnapped. Doris Parks and
Harold Hickerson arrested and charged
with criminal syndicalism Thirty min
erg arrested. Workers international Re-
lief warehouses broken into. Driver Of
W.LR. truck bringing relief from Gin
cinnati, shot and wounded in the leg
near Pineville. Allan Taub and Waldo
Frank attacked and brutally beaten.
February 14-Matt Curry, striker
from Clarified, brutallv slupped by coal
operators deputies. Mass funeral Of
Simms prevented by greatest mobiliza-
ton of gun thugs, special deputies and
National Guardsmen.
February 16 - Miller, murder Of
Simms, goes scot free.
February 18- National Miners I'm
ion declared illegal by Sheriff Brough-
ton and all meetings are absolutely p4U-
hibited. Three automobile loads of
Harlan gun thugs burned the home of
Plez Turner, striking miner, to prevent
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-03-12
are sure it means trouble, but they
are not certain of the direction"

are sure 1t means trouble, but they
are not certain of the direction"
In other words, the State Depart
ment officials are not sure but that
the Japanese who are still maintain
ing huge army in South China will
not threaten the loot of United States
Imperialism in that part of China.
The interview, like the various notes
of protest" to Japan by Secretary of
State Stimson, is aimed at recalling
the Japanese to their task of acting
as the spearhead in the armed at
tack against the Soviet Union, with
out infringing on U. s. imperialist
interests.
The Soviet government yesterday
declared that Judas Stern, who at
tempted last Saturday to assas-
sinate DIR. Fritz Won Twordowski,
German diplomat has confessed
that he intended to kill the German
Ambassador to Moscow, Won Dirk
sen, not on TwOrdOwski. Stern de-
clared he had been instigated by
Polish agents who sought to iOckev
Germany into the Anti Soviet
front. He admitted hayng al o.
complete named Vassiliev who Is
now also under arrest. Further re-
velatiOns made by Stern are being
kept temporarily secret in interests
of full investigation. Plans are
being made to hold public trial
soon in order to further expose be-
fore the world prOletariat the vi
Cious war plots Of the imperialists,
against the Soviet Union.
The plot to assassinate the German
Ambassador to Moscow, similar to the
attempt few months ago to procure
the assassination of the Japanese
Ambassador, together with the re-
Violations in the Washington dispatch
OF the extent Of the japanese war
mobilization against the Soviet Union,
clearly show that the irnperialists are
moving toward an early attack
against the Soviet Union
Workers Ring the Soviet Union
with an iron defensel Stop the war
provocations against the peaceful
Soviet Union! Prevent the transror;
Of arms and munitions to the Far
East Demand the withdrawal of all
japanese troops from Manchuria and
other parts Of Chinal Demand the
withdrawal of all imperialist armed
forces from China! Hail the Rising
Chinese SovietS! Hail the achieve
ments of Socialist Construction in the
Soviet UnionI Hail the revolutionary
struggles of the Japanese masses!
Drive out the diplomatic agents of
japanese imperialism which is but
cheering the Chinese and japanese
masses and pushing its war moves
against the Soviet Union; Demon
strate against the Japanese i M
perialistsl Defend the Soviet Union!
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-03-12

dispatches a few days ago reported
that the Japanese battle fleet was
| off the post OF VladiVostok. The
Baltimore Sun later announced that
the report had been confirmed by the
U. S. Navy Department.
Admit Soviet Firm Peace Policy
The snti-working class Washington
government is clearly both elated and
concerned over the japanese war
moves. Elated, because these war
moves are directed against workers
Russia, jointly hated by all the inn
perialist plunderers~ and murderers.
Concerned, because Of the possibility
of the strengthening of japanese i'm
perialism through its annexation of
large territories on the Asiatis main
and. Expecting an early attack by
the Japanese against the Soviet
Union, the Washington Government
lis alarmed by the reports of riots and
other disorders in Japan itself" 1t
fears that the revolutionary masses of
tOdpdl1 WILL DAAlGlo1A bAlC RAetlAo Vi bAANAA
imperialists for armed intervention
against the Soviet Union. State De-
partment officials confirmed the re-
ports of armed struggles by the Jap
anese workers and peasants against
their imperialist oppressors. Another
fear exercising the State Department
is that, short of a direct attack by the
Japanese, the firm peace policy OF
the Soviet Union will prevent the
Soviet Union being pushed into war
by the Japanese imperialists. A
Washington dispatch to the New York
Times clearly expresses this fear:
Information here is that Stain
is sufficiently committed to a pro-
gram of peace to accept even the
loss of the Chinese Eastern Railway
particularly in view of the fact that
there may be famine in the Soviet
States before the Winter ends. Vet
Russia, as previously reported, has
concentrated about 100000 troopc
in the NIanchurian trouble zone,
and to points there she now has
a fairly good two-track railway"
The speculation about a possible
famine in the Soviet Union can at
once be set down as a Wish-fulfill-
ment of the imperialists.
Several b-surface factors, all
perplexing and all far remo,ed
either from Geneva or Washington,
are the sources of worry" The
Times dispatch states; "Ile alS y
is not confined TO the State Depart
ment. In the foreign embassies ad-
vices from governments abroad are
to the same general effect; that the
cIoaked moves being made by Japan
in Manchuria, at Shanghai and at
home carry bodings of nerils not
hitherto fully enyisaged,"
The dispatch quotes State Depart
ment officials as admitting that the
Japanese war foves do mot fit at all
into Japanese explanation of her
pacific policies i'll the Orient, or into
her announced Intentions to contract
her expeditio'4ary forces almost i'm
mediately. It tends to confirm the
view ste.Lily maintained by Senator
Borab and others that Japan is
I'gc.as Through with large annexation
desigIfs on the mainlond.
| "Cssasials are definitely puzzled
by 90 activities Of Japan. They
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-03-12
CONTINUED FROM PAGE oNBs

CONTINUED FROM PAGE oNEg
Ford workers who in below zero wealth
er came to demonstrate at the Ford
factory? Their crime was to be unem-
plOyed. Not only that. The capitalists
who. throw millions out of the factories
to starve want them to starve to death
quietly.
But the Ford workers led by the
Detroit Council of the Unemployed and
by the Anto Workers Union, which is
affiliated to the Trade Union Unity
League, refused to starve. They re-
fused to see their wives and little ones
starve to death.
They organized and demanded that
Henry Ford who coined billions out of
their sweat and blood, shall give them
som relief from starvation. They de-
manded immediate relief. They de-
manded the jobs which Ford only few
weeks ago promised,
They were particularly guilty of the
crime of raising the demand for UN-
EMPLOYMENT INSURANCE at the
expense of the Ford Company and the
s.,vernment which he controls In the
eyes of the pacifist and philanthropist
Henry Ford, this was the biggest crime
the unemployed workers could commit.
Such demands would interfere with the
profits of Henry Ford. Such demands
would, it is true, result in the saving of
many workers families from death by
starvation, but it would have to come
out of the pockets of Henry Ford, filled
with the booty from the murderous ex-
ploitation of the Ford workers. This
crime of daring to refuse to starve
quietly. For this, the greatest of all
crime against capitalism, to interfere
with the profits of Henry Ford, the
Ford police, privately controlled organ
led gangsters, assisted by the Dear
born police, augmented by the Detroit
police Of the liberal Frank Murphy,
opened gun fire on the orderly and I'M
armed demonstration.
sLOODY ATTACK PREPARED IN ADVANCE
This bloody murderous attack on the unem-
poyed was premeditated.
Henry Ford annoyed by the growing resent
ment OF the starving hundreds of thousands who
in greater numbers voiced their demands de-
cided to teach the unemployed lesson. On the
day OF the demonstration instead of preparing to
meet the committee of the peaceful demonstra-
ton of unemployed who came with thed modest
demands for piece of bread for their starving
families Henry Ford refused TO allow the DEM
onstration to proceed and opened machine gun
fire from machine guns stationed at the Ford
plants, Ford succeeded in teaching the workers
lesson. Not only the workers of Detroit, but
the workers of the entire country learned very
important lesson. They learned that Ford and
the whole capitalist system which he represents
care little about the starving tens of millions of
people. They care only to protect their millions
and billions robbed from the workers. They
have behind them the organized murder ma
chinery of the state to shoot down the workers
vino dare demand the right to live from capital
Ism. They learned that Ford and capitalism
answer with bullets the cry for bread
MURPHY FORCED ADMIT FORD GUILT
But the Ford massacre resulted in more than
The murderers bargained fos
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-03-12
OFFICIALS
ADMIT JAPANESE WAR
MOVES AGAINST U.S.S.R.
Say Japanese Are Mobilizing Armies On Sow
let Union Frontier; Japanese Battle
Fleet Off VIadivOstOck
u. S. Imberialists Elated, But Also Fear Elk
pansion and Strengthening of Japanese
Imperialism

Expectation Of an immediate Japanese at
tack against the Soviet Union, and fear of the
outbreak of revolution in Japan itself where
''riots and other disorders are reported" were
expressed in Washington official circles yes
terday.
Expressing anxiety" and mystification
owe rthe Japanese war moves in Manchuria
and Korea State Department officials admitted the massng
o Japanese troops along the Soviet frontiers heay fresh
troop movements into Manchura and he odd movements
the Japanese battle fleet the Sea of JAPAN which the
important Soviet port Vadvotok situated Washington
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-03-12
Trade Union Column

The Trade Union Column, com
tanning the conclusion of the 'Re-
solution on Situation in the Ma
rine Industry and Strengthening
of M, w. I. u" is not published
today because Of lack of space. II
will be printed in the next issue of
the Daily Worker
Evening star., 1932-04-17

enhance that cultural security SO dear
to every French heart.
Such are the facts as recognized in
France In sum, the present guarantees
a glorious future. The course by which
the Nation shall proceed toward her
destined security, her enduring aggran
dizemcnt, alone remains matter OF
conjecture. The French, collectively.
seek only the formula; and so greatly
are they in need of clarification regard
ing procedure that they are almost at
one with the outside world in the
search for the French thought
AS regards formulas, the thoughts OF
France run in schools that are widely
divergent
The natives of the country are hardly
aware of this divergence in opinion as
to their collective future course. For
I1ulas, as such, have not been written.
Neither economic nor political mecha-
niSm has been definitely set up. No
leaders have sprung up to crystalline
the more backward thoughts-despite
the fact that such clarification would
bring concerted immediate action in
keeping with French ambition. Who
ever can turn the diverse thoughts into
concerted action may win for himself
titles and terms of national endear-
ment, or procure for himself some mag
nificent final resting place hard by Les
Invslides and the Tomb of Napoleon.
Almost every Frenchmans dream Of
national future derives color II not sub
stance from recollection Of French his
Evening star., 1932-04-17

tory under Napoleon Bonaparte. Ger
tanly two current schools show marked
influence of the Emperor's reign and
ideas.
Once exiled by France. the "Corsican
Corporal" has grown into French idcl
and a world hero. tBronZe likeneSses of
him ornament many executive desks in
America The French, taken singly or
collectively are not able to rid their
minds of the belief that the Napoleonic
era represented the glory Of France at
the zenith-and la gloire at the moment
has unusual appeal. Surely there ex-
listed, for brief interval of the early
nineteenth century, something like a
United States Of Europe, won by force
OF arms and dominated by France
through the genius of Napoleon.
The empire Of France extended from
the Po to the North Sea, from the
Pyrenees and the Papal States to the
Rhine-a France united, patriotic, and
in enjoyment of many of the fruits Sof
the Revolution. Napoleon, through his
heir apparent. ruled an Italy embrac-
ing the fertile valley of the Po The
Pope was his friend and ally. Brother
joseph governed the kingdom of Naples.
Brother Louis and stepdaughter Hortense
sat on the thrones of Holland. Sister
Elise was princess of the State of Lucca
spain had been made over from a vas
sal state to Bonaparte kingdom
Gen. Bernadotte, one Of Napoleon's own
narshals (and founder Of the present
Swedish dynasty, held great power In
Evening star., 1932-04-17
Life in Vienna Is Marked by Its Many
"Quiddities" Unknown to Other Cities

Is to be divided into three separate and
distinct sections. each a square. This
is theoretically to make for ease in
cleaning and airing It also makes
sleep impossible. 20 The pillows are
to be made as stiff as possible, and
filled with something very close to wet,
hard sand 80 Bed covers are to be
filled with feathers, in the form Of
floating balloons
There is also the language How odd
to ask a friend about an educated vi
ennese friend and hear the reply in
appreciation such a nice man And
ne speaks very nearly correct German"
Then one must remember that no
two clocks. verify believe in all VII
emma, tell exactly the same time. 1t is
just a matter of leisure. Why worry
about few lost seconds? In railway sta
tions the outside clocks are usually set
five minutes fast.
Then there is the odd fact that the
sauSageS known everywhere as "Wein-
ers" (meaning VIENNA are quite un-
known by that name here, being called
frankfurters. In Ffanfort, by the way.
frankfurters are duly known as VEIN
ers."
Then there are the words Of greeting
on the countryside or between ae-
QudIllIdllCCo, VI W lCAAON SLi OtlclS III
the Weinerwald or to friends met in
'heurigers." the little rustic wine shops
en- the northern slopes of Vienna, iden-
tilted by a pine brush on the door,
where one drinks the wine made by
the patron himself in his own vineyard
the month before "Gruess. Gottl"
God greet you), or 'KueSs die hand"
Il kiss your hand are universal Also,
any passerby may at any time accoSt
you with the magic word "feuer" t1re):
you must stop instantly and give him o
light for his cigarette.
At meals, too, there is a pleasant Gus
tom. You rise with your host, then
murmer in unison "mahlzeit" Literally
the word is simply meal time" but It
is used to connote satisfaction, If any,
with your hosts food.
Speaking Of food, In the old days
Viennese cooks who turned out badly
were sent to London-strange punish
ment
(Copyright, 1s32D
Evening star., 1932-04-17

BERLIN With the number Of un-
employed IN Germany climbing stead
lily. and with part Of Winter still ahead,
the problem Of the women workers
whose employment keeps men out OF
Jobs is seriously disturbing the labor
authorities, just as it is also in Amer
lea, France, England and other coun-
tries
The latest statistics show that more
than 10000 600 women in Germany are
wage learners, or self-Supporting in
some other way. This number Is equal
to about 40 per cent of the total work
ers in the country Various proposals
are being advanced with the object OF
putting unemployed men, especially
heads of families. in the jobs Of en-
ployed women. but this obviously leaves
open the problem of what to 90 with
the women thus thrown out OF work.
1t has been rather naively suggested
that the males who would become
wage earners by the process of throw
ing the women out of their jobs would
then be in a position to marry, thus
taking care of considerable portion
of the women The latter spot is the
weakness In this argument. Inasmuch
as the men who are TO take the
Evening star., 1932-04-17
Reich Has II Million Working Women;
Finding Jobs for Men Proves Difficult

women's jobs would naturally have to
work for the same pay. the suppoSiticn
that they could support wives in addi-
tion to themselves seems preposterous,
for women's pay in Germany still aver
ages some 10 per cent lower than that
OF men. Nor do the men show much
disposition TO marry in any case
There are still around 1000 900 more
females than males in the Reich, and
1t has been figured that it will take
until 1875 for the sexes TO become ap-
proximately equalized.
The ladies, to be frank are skepti-
cal. They are loath to give up the
ground gained after the war had
opened up countless avenues of eco
nCmic independence TO women. The
movement for the advancement of
women is growing rather than lessen
ing, until the number Of female stu
dents in the higher institutions OF
learning now approximates in some
cases Is per cent of the total
Back TO the kitchen is not a very
popular slogan, though 1t was recently
made evident by newspaper poll that
German men still preferred the "haus-
frau type" Of woman.
(copyrisht. iesz)
Evening star., 1932-04-17
Britain Looks Ahead

voice of reason is apt to be drowned
in clamor at such moments.
One longs for Stresemann again
He. at least understood that it was
only by a policy of fulfillment that
Germany could free her soil from
foreign troops, regain her moral po-
sition in the world. obtain relief from
impossible exactions and restore her
credit and domestic economy.
Hitler is no Stresemann and the
Germany of Hitler would not be Strese-
mann's Germany, which won back the
sympathy and confidence of the world
Folly breeds folly; let us pray that
none be attempted. lest the poison
spread and reaction in Germany breed
reaction elsewhere. At present the
prospects are fair.
1t is recognized on all hands that
Germany cannot pay the full amount
of the reparatiOnS fixed by the Young
report, and that for some years she can
pay no reparations at all. The British
government has proclaimed its wish
that all repaTationS payments be finally
abolished.
France seems ready to consent so far
as the conditional payments" of the
Young plan are concerned, but holds
out for some recognition of Germany's
uuly W IlldhC al lCStSJ COIlJI
toward the unconditional payments"
when she shall have recovered her
prosperity
1t is not an unreasonable proposition
If We are all 10 be judged by capacity
TO pay for without reparations the
debt of Germany would be is pounds
per head of population that of France
so pounds and that of Great Britain
$50 pounds, and the difference in the
dead weight of debt would be a serious
handicap to the trade and commerce of
the more heavily burdened nations.
Difficulties Still Large.
But the difficulty will be to reconcile
any such ultimate liability with the
immediate restoration uI Germany's
credit. which is necessary If she is to
meet her commercial obligations and to
obtain the foreign assistance without
which she like her neighbors, cannot
/ recover her prosperity.
1t would be foolish to underrate the
difficulties still to be overcome Lo-
carno gave Europe four years of peace
and fruitful cooperation Had Strese-
mann lived it is likely further progress
would have been made ere now. He
was realist and understood the con-
oitions upon which, alone, progress is
now possible
He would have refused to raise po-
litical issues not yet capable of solu-
| ton; he would have avoided provoca-
tive language, discouraged inopportune
demonstrations, and resolutely set his
face against any act which would have
disturbed Europe's new sense of Sc
curity.
He saw clearly that in that one word
security, lay the key to the solution OF
Europe's difficulties. Preparations, debts
disarmament-the settlement of each
and all of these great problems requires
as prerequisite condition the faithful
observance of treaties and respect for
the plighted word
The principle the United States pro-
claimed for China. and on which, at its
instance, the covenanted nations of the
world insisted at Geneva. that any
Continued on Fourth Page)