davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1932-09-16
Questions and
Answers

When did Rhode Island ratify the
Constitution of the United States?
May &c. 1870. Rhode Island was
not represented in the constitutional
convention and did not ratify until
measures were taken to treat the
state as foreign power.
Who is the author of the maxim:
He serves his party best who serves
his country best?"
President Rutherford B. Hayes in
his inaugural address.
Give the area and population of
Delaware.
Area, 1870 square miles; popula-
ton, 238,5S0.
During what months is the
United States supreme court in ses-
sion?
October to May.
What are the superstitions about
the mo0nStone?
They are supposed TO be potent
as love charm, an aid to memory
and cure for leprosy.
Who actually invented the cleo
trio light?
Credit for the basic discovery of
the electric light probably is due to
Sir Humphrey Davy, an English
man, who observed in 1910 the cleo
trio arc and produced the mean
descence of a fine platinum wire in
connection with his famous expert
ments with a 2,000-cen battery. In
1862 an arc lamp was installed in a
lighthouse at DungenesS and sup
piled with current from a combrous
magnetic electric machine. This
lamp was used for many years and
generally is credited with being the
first electric lamp in regular serv-
| ice.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1932-09-16
Bands AnaIyzed
THE Mt. wilson astronome

THE Mt. Wilson astronomers
l. have succeeded in their at
tack upon the major planets by
using the 100-inch telescope, the
worlds largest telescope, in con-
junction with an extremely power
full spectroscope.
The spectroScope is a device
which spreads light into a rainbow
of color. The simplest spectroscope
is a small glass prism.
If the light Of the sun is ex-
amined with a spectroscope, 1t is
found to be crossed with a large
number of dark lines.
These lines are caused by the va
rious chemical elements in the sun
Now the planets shine by reflected
sunlight and therefore the spec
trum of planet should be that of
the sun.
AS a matter of fact, however, the
spectra Of the planets contain larre
dark bands known as absorption
bands.
These bands are due to the fact
VAAoV OtA toAh wave lcllkIIlS Oh SUM
light are absorbed by the atmosphere
of the planets.
Heretofore, it has not been posi-
BILE to make much Roadway in study
of these bands. The combination.
however, of the 100-inch telescope
with an extremely powerful spectre
scope, gives a spectrum of such
length that the dark bands are
spread out sufficiently to reveal the
fact that they contain an internal
structure.
In other words, the larger bands
are separated into individual COM
ponents.
This makes it possible to analyze
them and to determine what gases
are responsible for them.
1t was in this way that the exist
cnce of ammonia in the atmosphere
OF the major planets was discov-
lred
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1932-09-16
Sept. Is.
BULGARIANs RETREAT


ON Sept. Is, 1918, allied troops
" continued their hot pursuit of
the Bulgarian Second army, which
had been completely beaten in the
offensive which started the day be-
fore.
The breach between the First and
Second Bulgarian armies was Wild
ened and the position of the Second
army was extremely critical.
The advance Of the two DAYS
opened up the way for an allied
drive into the heart Of Bulgaria
itself.
Military observers reported that
Bulgarian resistance was half
hearted and expressed the opinion
that Bulgaria soon would be out Of
the war.
Paris was bombed by large
squadron Of German planes. Six
persons were killed and fifteen were
injured. One plane was broEyht
down by anti-aircraft Ere.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1932-09-16
It Could Be You or Me

C1Cy 44Hl4Io.
It Could Be You or Me
A ND then I find no fewer than
"A twenty-four whose criminal
ity consists of driving while intoxi-
Gated" And in this instance I have
right, without prejudice, to in
quire, Aren't We alp" since I can
not operate a motor vehicle even
when supremely sober.
drunkenness" and "infractions
against the liquor laws" comprise a
total of no less than 159, and so
Counsellor Mitchell's picture of a
desperate group of INSCRIPTIONS
bandits and militant revolutionaries
begins to fade under the sharp acid
Of figures. And I mean his own.
Take away once more from that
staggering total of 1869 the figure
Military offenses-84." Now, some
of our best and most treasured citi-
zens are not only frank, but eager,
to admit that they went A. w. o. L.
under slight provocation or none
at ALL
There is also the slightly indefi-
mite tabulation of Suspicion and
investigation-63" Not to mention
the vague "Miscellaneous-41."
Taking out of the grand total
these 'classiflcations, which are in
sufficiently strong to merit the
label criminal" we do not find
much of a showing for Mr.. Hoover's
legal apologist. According to my
nonpartisan editing, the end result
reads, Criminals out of 4,723-
Alb"
And it must be remembered that
Mr.. Hoover's advocate uses police
record" and criminal" as syno-
nyns, which I hope is a little less
than true. mean I have a police
record. I have been arrested. They
took me in for acting as a picket in
strike.
always have hoped that I might,
nevertheless, stand for public office
in some future election without be-
ing stigmatized and disqualified as
criminal. Indeed, 1 was very proud
of being arrested.
said to the policeman: Nov, is
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1932-09-16
Face Issue SQuareIy

WITTY not face the music like
w men? What is the use of de-
ceiving ourselves? We are not going
to collect eleven billion dollars from
European governments, or anything
like it.
We have only one chance in the
matter. We can call conference to
revise the debts, or we can force
European governments to repudiate
them. For horse-trading purposes,
the latter course might be better,
but the result would be the same in
either case, or nearly so, and we
should have no illusions about it.
Once the debt situation is cleared.
those tariff barriers which have
been erected largely because of it
must be torn down.
In no other way can we hope to
reopen the channels of international
trade and regain adequate markets
for American industries.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1932-09-16
Comparison of Records

DUT not to be personal about it
ID I would like to see some COM
parison between the police record of
the dangerous bonus army and that
of the class of Harvard university
1910. Or, if you like, Yale 1910. !
don't think this would make the
figures for major crimes more than
shade higher.
Indeed, would like to see a COM
pariSon between the bonus army
and Congress 1882. Or, to be bit
more mean and searching, Warren
Hardings cabinet 1920.
Any sort of thoroughgoing re-
search will show, in my opinion.
that the bonus army constituted a
fair cross-section of the American
people.
That is not the impeccable stand
ard of perfection, and yet it seems
to me mass deserving of some
thing more than the cruel punish
ment melted out by President Heo-
ver's hysteria.
Copyright. 1882 by The Times)
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1932-09-16
SCIENCE
Atmosphere of -Four Major
Planets Found to Contain
Ammonia Gas.
BY DAVID DIETZ.

atmosphere Is " OUT MAJOR
Planets Found to Contain
Ammonia Gas.
4 MMONIA gas exists in the at
N mospheres of the major planets,
Jupiter. Saturn, Uranus, and Nep-
tune. This discovery has been made
at the Mt. Wilson observatory by DR..
Walter S. Adams and DR.. Theodore
Durham.
DR.. Adams, director of the famous
Mt Wilson observatory, described
the new discovery to me in an ex-
elusive interview during the meeting
Of the International Astronomical
Union at Cambridge, Mass.
For a century Or more, astronom-
erS have been puzzled by the con-
sttution of the major planets.
The telescope reveals Jupiter to
be an object Of great beauty, but
also one Of great mystery. The
planet is richly colored, various
shades of red and brown FREEDOM
mating. with here and there an
olive green.
The markings, for the most part.
are arranged in belts of alternate
lighter and darker shades stretching
across the planet, parallel to the
equator.
The belts are not permanent, but
vary in number, color, width, and
detail from year to year. Small spots
and other markings in them change
frequently, lasting usually only a
few weeks.
AT one time it was thought that
these markings could be explained
on the theory that the planet had
a surface still in molten or liquid
condition.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1932-09-16
This is the first of two timely special
articles on football and health.
BY DIR. MORRIS FISHBEIN
Editor Journal of the American Medical
Association and of Hygeia, the
Health MAGAZINE.


THE opening of the football sea-
i son brings to mind the serious
discussion that followed the closing
of the 1881 season, relative to acct
dents and fatalities resulting from
the game.
The popularity of football, at
tested by crowds of many thou
sands, and the fact that vacant lots
as well as the fields of high schools
and universities already are the
scene of early practice, indicates
that the game has not lost in it's
appeal to the young man.
This column is not concerned
particularly with the moral aspects
of football, although it does repre-
sent a game that is designed par
ticularly to build stamina and to
put the steel fiber in character.
The hazards of football are those
which result from other athletic
activities, but in addition there are
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1932-09-16
Daily Thoughts

Lay up for yourselves treasures
in heaven. where neither moth nor
rust doth corrupt, and where
thieves do not break through nor
steal.-St. Matthew, $50.
Riches expose a man to pride and
luxury, and a foolish elation of the
heart.-Addison.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1932-09-16

this all signed, sealed and deliv-
cred? There's no mistake? I'm ar
rested, all right? Would you mind
taking taxi instead of walking tc
the station house?"
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1932-09-16

TINE lawyer who has been as
Il signed to defend Herbert Clark
Hoover asserts that there were 1869
criminals in the bonus army.
Furthermore, it is advanced that
this number includes only those
who were identified out of 4,723 who
applied for loans to get back home.
And this, when figured out, means a
percentage of 226 of the entire
outfit.
1t sounds singularly effective I'M
til one remembers that Attorney
General Mitchell is President Hoo
ver's man, and an individual as
signed to do the very best he can
under the circumstances.
Even a casual examination of the
figures reveals that Mr.. Hoover is
somewhat more concerned with the
newspaper headlines than with the
precise facts under consideration.
In the first place, the nice, round
and swinging total of 1869 includes
220 who were tried for various Of
lenses and acquitted. Surely neither
Mr.. Hoover nor defense counsel is
going to contend that the mere
matter of an accusation brands
anybody with a felon's stripes.
Not Precisely the One
TT is fair to assume that under the
Il even-handed justice which pre-
walls during the reign Of the great
engineer the go who got off we're
guiltless as charged. That leaves us
$40 to account for.
Now, in this list I find certain
tabulations which I should think
Mr.. Hoover would hesitate to make.
Among the high crimes and miSde-
meanors set forth is "Vagrancy-
107." And of this number no less
than sixty-nine were convicted.
But is Herbert Clark Hoover quite
the man to carry on defnitive and
Furnishing campaign against those
who have no homes or occupations?
Until proof was furnished to the
contrary, 1 always had assumed that
Herbert Hoover must love the job
less, because he made so many of
| them.
1t is a little as if Gree had hauled
neighbor into court upon the COM
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1932-09-16

Tax cuts have benefited the farmer greatly Last
year he 5000 short of having enough to pay his
5000 tax BILL This year his tax bill is only $3.50 and
he's only $3.50 short.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1932-09-16

Ideals and opinions expressed
in this column are those Of
one of Americas most inter-
esting writers and are pre-
scented without regard to their
agreement or disagreement
with the editorial attitude Of
this paper.--The Editor.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1932-09-16

The delation has hit Hollywood terrible blow.
Some Of the biggest moguls now have only one
yes-man.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1932-09-16

The president of Mexico is Abelardo Rodri-
guez, and you can be pretty sure he's not Irish.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1932-09-16
TT SEEMS IN ME DIV HAYWOOD
OA~AVAO ~ AVAA D. BR0UN

plant that she kept pigs within the
city limits.
Evening star., 1932-05-08

A net-full at each dip. The waters of the
creek at Pembroke, Mass, were so full of
herring during the Spring run that the town
charged visitors for the privilege of netting
them. : Wide World Photos.
Evening star., 1932-05-08

Gov. Pollard of Virginia
(center) and Gov. Roosevelt of
New York (right) at the law
Office of President James Mon
roe in Fredericksburg, Va,
when the Conference of Gov
Ell nors observed his 174th an
niversary. At left, Laurence
Gouverneur Hoes, great-great-
grandson of President Monroe.
Evening star., 1932-05-08

Georgia Grisso,
appearing with
the Phil Hayden
Dancers at the
charity ball to be
given at the May
flower. May IA,
for the benefit of
District unen-
ployed.
G Capitol Photo.
The Washington times., 1932-08-02
Here and There
In the Realm Of
Broadcastine
BY STANLEY BIGELOW

BY STANLEY BIGELOW
I The other day this column dis
'Cussed the leading children's pro-
gram on NB.C.-Madge fuckers
.inimitable Lady Next Door"
Now l want to give you a little
dope on Columbia's kid program,
,'The Adventures of Helen and
Mary"
For two and a half years, this
program has kept the children of
the nations on the edges Of their
chairs. 1t is a good programs
swell title-and an excellent
theme. Acted by thespians who
never should be any better be-
cause they would be less natural,
this melodrama of the imagina-
ton comes very close to the real
in the child heart and mind.
The secret OF it's success? Miss
Mia Mack. She, plus a cast OF
..bubbling, earnest. talented little
players is the program!
She writes the story, with full
stage instructions, directs the re-
hearsals. supervises the stage set
tings and puts on the per-
formanCe.
The Washington times., 1932-08-02
Third of Industry
Facing DefLdtiOn

In a new approach to the prob
lem of judging the time, the ex-
tent and the character of busi-
ness recovery from the slough of
depression, the Standard Stats
tics Company, Of New York, finds
that 62.5 per cent of industry
is thoroughly deflated and ready
to go ahead, 1913 per cent faces
further moderate deflation and
that only 81 per cent is likely
to remain in a depressed state.
To give each division of in
dustry it's proper weight, the per
cent which each division contri-
buted to the total national in
come for 1925 was taken.
The Washington times., 1932-08-02
BOND LIST LONE
HOLDS FIRM

NEW YORK, Aug. 2 Q.N.S0.
A consistently firm tone charac-
terized the bond market today.
United States Government obli-
cations were slightly irregular.
Domestic rails we're again strong,
while the foreign government list
held firm.
The second grade and low priced
rail issues were again in demand
and scored fractional gains.
The New York city traction Is
sues were generally firm with In
terborough refunding issue NOV
ing ahead "a point at At. Third
Avenue Railroad adjustments
dipped slightly to 26.
United States Government loans
were moderately active with the
Fourth Liberty 414s gaining slight
ly while the Treasury IS and 31ss
dipped moderately.
Prussian IS dropped l point to
"a. United Kingdom of 1887
gained nearly y point, while jap
anese 612s held unchanged, ignor-
ing weakness in the yen.
The Washington times., 1932-08-02
Ross to Tell All

Who will win the Olympic 400
meter championship at Los
Angeles Friday? Will Big Ben
Eastman, the blond Stamford
flier, turn back the combined on
Slaughts of a host of foreign stars
together with the crack quarter
milers wearing the Stars and
Stripes? Or will Bill Carr OF
Pennsylvania turn the trick?
If you want to hear the opin-
ions of two young quarter-milers
who fought each other four years
ago. listen in to WRC Friday eve
ming at $50 and hear Lanny
Ross and Ray Barbuti give their
slants on who they think will
come forth conqueror.
The Washington times., 1932-08-02
CURB ADVANCE
IS CHECKED

NEW YORK. Aug. 2 0.N.SD.
The curb market gave indications
of firing as today'S session prog
ressed, with the majority of active
stocks unable to make any
further progress on the upside.
Turnover was less than recently
in evidence.
The utility list fluctuated un.
certainly. Duke Power reached
a new top on the move at 43A,
up IA points, while Consoli-
dated Gas of Baltimore chalked
up gain of point to Sc
before easing to around its pre-
viouS close. The Cities Service
issues were irregular.
Eureka Pipe Line monopolized
attention in the speciality divi-
sion with a. run-up of 312 points
to 28l2. Aluminium and A. o.
Smith showed steady.
Bonds were strong, particularly
Indiana Electric IS of AT, which
weer up 212 points at 70, and
Central Puol!t Service 51as of
'49, which gained 314 points to
934, against 4 low for the year
at -.
The Washington times., 1932-08-02
TODAY'S PROGRAMS
$50 KilOcycle' WMAL 47s Meters

4:OO-''Meet the Artist"
3 4:15-Virginia Arnold, Pianist.
4:SO-Civil Service Opportunities.
4:4O-The Masquerader.
4:45-Musical Comedy Memories.
5:OO-Hall's Orchestra.
Sis DIR. Mark Welsh.
5:3O-Skippy.
5:45-News flashes.
.6:OO-Time and Program Re
sumo.
6:OO-Cliff Edwards.
! 6:15-Keenan and Phillips.
6:30-Radio Joe.
! 6:45-Hawaiian Melody Boys.
7:OO-Edwin C. Hill.
! 7:15-Abe Lyman's Orchestra.
7:3O-Kate Smith.
.7:45-Joe Palooka.
8:OO-Jay C. Flippen-cies.
S:3O-Crime Club.
.9:OO-Music That Satisfies.
.9:15-Musical Fast Freight.
9:3O-Cocktail Party.
9:45-Isham Jones Orchestra.
1O:OO-Road Report.
1O:O5-Olympic Games Summary
1O:15-LouiS Phifer, Soprano
Martha Boyd, Pianist.
10:30-Columbia Symphony Or
chestra.
11:OO-Pete MaciaS' Orchestra.
11:30-Gus Arnheim's Orchestra
with Sophie Tucker.
12:O0-Government Weather Re.
port.
The Washington times., 1932-08-02
loo Much Dough

This department has received
many calls and letters from peo-
pie who want to know if either
chain, or both, will broadcast
Olympics contest. The answer
is: No!
When the chains started dick
ering with the Olympics commit
tee. they found the sports pro-
moters wanted too much dinero
500, ,000-for the privilege of
broadcasting. Times being what
they are, the broadcasting moguls
threw up their hands in a char
acteristic gesture and passed out
of the picture. However, there
will be resumes" broadcast by
both chains.
The Washington times., 1932-08-02
DEFINED.
BY TOWSON

Norman E. Towson, economist
of the washington Loan and
Trust Company is home today
from a vacation in the West Vir-
ginia mountains and bulletin
under his name entitled What
Is Money!" has just been issued
by the bank.
It gives a brief review of world
economics, discusses the use of
gold as a medium of exchange,
describes methods of settling in
ternational balances, and points
out weaknesses in the plan for
a managed currency in the guam
tity theory of money.
The Washington times., 1932-08-02
7eO KilOcycle' WBAL
294 Meters

P. M.
3:15-Francis Craig's Orchestra,
3:45-"Budget All But Food" by
Alyce Lytle.
4:00-MuSical Moments.
4:15-SoloistS.
4:3O-The Singing Lady.
4:45-Little Orphan Annie.
5:OO-Ted Black and his Orches.
ira.
5:15-"Keeping Well" broadcast
under the joint auspices Of
the Baltimore City Health
Department and the Mary
land Medical and Chirur'
gical Faculty.
5:2O-Ted Blacks Orchestra.
5:3O-Sheer Romance.
5:45-"Today's News" by Lowell
Thomas.
6:OO-Amos m Andy.
6:15-Terrace Gardens Orches-
ira.
6:3O-The Stebbins Boys.
6:45-SoloiSts.
7:OO-Musical Program.
7:3O-Little Musicale.
7:45-Rosa Low, soprano.
8:OO-Household Celebrities.
8:3O-Goldman Band.
9:OO-The Country Doctor.
9:15-WBAL Model Home-The
House that Jack Is Build
ing.
9:3O-Tish and Aggie.
9:45-Jane Froman.
1O:OO-Municipal Band Of Balti-
more-Robert V. LanStn-
ger, conductor.
1O:3O-NBC Concert Orchestra.
11:OO-Dancing in Milwaukee.
Agnew's Orches-
fra
The Washington times., 1932-08-02
EXPRESS LINKS
RUSSIA NOW
WITH D. c.

An important step has been
taken in facilitating remittances
to Russia by an arrangement the
American Express has just con
cluded with "Torgsin," D. P. Aub
manager of the American Express
office at 1414 F st. N. w. an
nounced today. He explained:
Good in 100 Cities
"TOrgsin is a company which
has been organized by the So
Wet government for the pur-
pose of enabling people in So
Wet Russia to purchase food
products and other merchan-
disc at reasonable prices.
"TOrgsin maintains stores at
more than 100 cities in Soviet
Russia, and these stores accept
remittances from people re-
siding in the United States
and Canada, who desire to
have friends or relatives sup
piled with food or other prod
ucts instead Of money.
"The American Express can
now handle such remittances
directly with TOrsSin instead
of through the intermediary Of
foreign banks. The whole pro-
cedure has now been reduced
to a simple banking tranSac-
tiOn,"
MAY Be Cabled
Foreign money orders for the
amounts desired in United States
dollars are issued bearing the
name of Torgsin and the city,
together with the name and ad.
dress of the beneficiary. In
urgent cases these remittanceS
NAV he transmitted by cable,
The Washington times., 1932-08-02
CHICAGO LIVESTOCK

CHICAGO. Aug. 2 IN.s).-Hogs-
$4,000; strong to 1Oc higher. Top,
$50; bulk. $425Q6; heavy, $4,000
$40; light lights, $4.5O@4.9O; packing
sows, $3.25@4.25; pigs, $3s5@4.5O
Holdovers, 1000.
Cattle-5.OOO steady. Calves, 900 ;
steady. Beef steers-Good and choice,
$86D9.5O; common and medium, $6ns;
yearlings $75OG950. Butcher cattle
Heifers. S45OQS; cows $2.5O15; bulls,
$2.75@4; calves. S406.5O; feeder steers
S4.5Od6; stocker steers, S4@5.75; :;
stocker cows and heifers. sS64.5O.
Sheep-1O. 900: steady. Medium and
choice lambs. $575d675: culls and
common. $405.5O yearlngs. $40 5;
common and choice ewes. 81 . so :;
feeder lambs S2S0M45N.
The Washington times., 1932-08-02
Ell SALVADOR PARLEYS

Negotiations are now in prog
ress between representatives Of
the Republic of Ell Salvador and
the single committee. which is
now functioning in place of the
two committees which previously
represented the bondholders, and
holds despoSits for more than
1000 bondholders located in 40
states and eight foreign countries.
The Washington times., 1932-08-02
News of Cheer
To Business

Continuous rs day bond
advance longest since early
1928.
Standard Oil of New Jer-
sey declares 25-cent extra
dividend.
Copper inquiries improve
and zinc price is boosted.
New York, Ontario and
Western more than doubles
half year net.
Eggs for october delivery
up S-8 cents in Chicago mar
ket.
The Washington times., 1932-08-02
CHICAGO DAIRY PRICES

CHICAGO. Aug GN.s).-Butter-
Receipts, 10,40o tubs: creamery, extras,
@1S%c; firsts. 16@17c: packing stock,
1Oc; specials. 20A @2O%c.
Eggs-Receipts. S.572 cases; ordinary
current receipts. 11@13hc; fresh graded,
extra firsts, 15s; fresh graded. firsts,
lac: dirties, 11hc: checks. 10c.
Cheese-Young Americas, 122c 012& c;
longhorns. 12A 612%c: brick. fancy.
11l3c: daisies, 12@121sc: double daries,
11lsc; prints 1914 @12%c; twins. Il
M13.
The Washington times., 1932-08-02

6:45-The Goldbergs.
7:OO-Blackstone Plantation.
7:3O-Waiter Smiths Band.
8:OO-Stars of the Stage.
S:15-Radio ColumniSt.
8:3O-Ed Wynn's Fire Chief
Band.
9:0O-Dance Hour.
1O:OO-LaStMinute News.
1O:02-Art Jarrett.
1O:15-Correct Time.
1O:16-Cesare Sodero'S Orchestra.
11:OO-Olympic Games.
Grenadiers.
11:3O-Paul Whiteman's Chief.
tains.
12:OO-Weather Forecast.
Marks Orchestra.
12:3O-Terrace Gardens Orches-
ira,