davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The producers news. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1918-1937, 1932-01-29

begins the creation of a new So
cial discipline and the training of
the peasants in socialist construc-
ton" But what is important,
and historically valuable. what
constitutes a step forward in the
wOrld-histOrical development of
socialism-is the fact that in the
artel there has been created a
new type of socialized Agriculture
in which private ownership of the
means of production has been
eliminated, the class exploitation
of one cOIlectivized farmer by an
other has been abolished. and this
means the disappearance of that
base which. in Lenin's words,
"gives birth to capitalism and the
bOurgeOisie continuously, daily
hourly, eIementaIly and on a mass
The producers news. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1918-1937, 1932-01-29
Observation-Disclosures

When Vesper Romero was born,
his mother was locked a weeks
pay and was bawled out by the
foreman for staying away from
work so long. When Vesper had
the measles, his mother stayed out
three days and almost lost her
job. Otherwise she worked every
day, every week, and every year,
except when times were slow-in
the same dark, dirty, unhealthy
factory, Vesper, whom she brot
to the factory with her, played on
the floor at her side watching the
frantic hurried workers.
When he was three years old,
he saw Marya Valenti drop dead
at her work, When he was five,
he saw the foreman beat old John
Ferrari who had tainted from ex-
haustion at his work-beat him
till he opened his eyes again.
When he was six years old, he was
sent to school where he was
taught that "all men are bora free
and equal" and that this was the
richest country in the world. 1t
was difficult to understand these
things. Vesper did not believe
that Marya and John and Domin-
lex and her mother were the rich
est people in the world. He
could not understand in what way
they were as free and equal as
the wealthy boss who drove into
tGwn in his swell car every once
in while to inspect his factories.
| Vesper could not grasp these
things because the incidents of
his childhood spent In and around
the factory were very vivid in his
mind. When he was taught any
thing about the goodness Of oul
constitution and the Righteousness IS
of our life, these incidents always
came up to confuse him. But one
day when a strike was declared
and the cigar workers of Tampa,
under the leadership of the Tobac-
co Workers Industrial Union
marched out demanding better
conditions, things begin to clear ii
, lVesper's bemuddled head. And
when Vesper's mother, who had
, been meek and submissive all hel
,, life, was put in jail for two
months for her activities in The
struggle of the workers againsl
the bosses, Vesper suddenly knew
: where he belonged. He knew hi
Iplace was among the workers. HI
: joined and helped to organize tn,
!. workers kids into the Young Pho
neers. He spread among thes'
children the literature which hat
y explained and clarified the condi
t tions of the workers to him.
: The militancy of his work an,
e the earnestness Of his purpos
e soon frightened the higher-ups i
i the town. Vesper began to re
f ceive the Boy Scout magazine an
8 the Saturday Evening Post fror
q the town judge to distract his al
: tention, but in vain. What mean
! ing could the Boy Scout babbl
? about "honor, virtue, etc." hav
7 for him. What interest could tn
q Saturday Evening Post storie
about silken-gowned ladies an
The producers news. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1918-1937, 1932-01-29
. N.I1oo W. The FIVE YEAR PLAN
NCU VI1dSCS ~ inSOVIET AGRICULTURE

of economic reconstruction in the
Soviet Union
Derisive laughter from every
camp accompanies us on this
path, both from our open enc
mics, and from our bureaucrat-
zeal officials. They exclaim /:
What, with meat on ration tic
kets Cand often not enough of
it at that! Soon they viii not
have any goods at all for which
one mus not have to stand
lined ID in a queue! And just
look at what they are doing
Instead of working themselves
out of the situation slowly and
without extra effort they set
themselves fantastic tasks such
as the doubling of the cOnsump.
ton Of meat and milk. an en-
Orm1us increase IN the con-
sumption Of wheat. etc.
We shall encounter many
such scOffers on our PATH We
shall take no notice of them
but shall go forward on Oul
way, guided by the general lin'
laid down by the Party, basini
ourselves row not only on ou
own experience and convictions
but also of the experience gain
ed by hundreds of thousands o.
collective farmers. who will be
come the best agitatiOrs ans
organizers of large-scale farm
ing. And we may state will
full conviction that, on thi
basis, having overcome inevi
table difficulties, we shall b
able within the next few year
not only TO liQuidate cOmpletel,
our food supply diffiCultie
since these difficulties arts
from she small productive pow
ers of the small farms. but W
shall also secure in the short
est historical period a degre
Df progress in the satisfaction
of the requirements of tn
working masses in the SOvie
Union such as has never We
been known IN the history Q
the capitalist world.
The producers news. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1918-1937, 1932-01-29
NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS.
By SULO MAJALA

In the IL million unemployed
today we find about four million
youths, which also were represent
ed on the National Hunger March
that was recently conducted to
Washington, D. c., and was orga-
nized by different working class
organizations such as the Unem-
pdOyed councils, National Miners
Union, other industrial unions, the
United Farmers League, etc.
as a youth member of the
United Farmers League and also
member Of the Young Commun-
LIST League was elected as a dele
gate to represent the farming
youth of the drouth stricken
Northwest on the Hunger March
that undertook to present de-
mands of the workers and farmers
for immediate winter relief in
cash of $3.50 to 500 for each de-
pendent and for unemployed insur-
sance.
From all over the U. S., the
youth took part in the Hunger
March with the adults. The youth
held several conferences while on
the march where they discussed
the condition of the youth. We
learned that the youth had no
chance for getting work, and also
that they are Disseminated
against in regards to relief-on
the excuse that the families are to
be taken care of first. Thus youth
are turned down and are forced to
tramp the streets begging for
ways and means of existence
However, the youth and the
adults, Negro and white, all to-
gether on the Hunger March, sure
let the Hoover Starvation govern
ment know that we as workers
and farmers, young and old, will
fight together against starvation
We belong to the producing class
and therefore have a right to de,
mand a living despite what Hoov
er and Wall Street say.
On our way to Washington, D
c., in the steel town of Gary, ant
Hammond, Indiana, an attemp
was made by Wall Street or boss
es agents to smash the Hunge
March and prevent it from get
ting to It's destination.
We had permission from tn
Mayor of Hammond to have
meeting there. Yet, when
young American speaker got up t
speak and had only spoken 70
about three minutes, about 45 cop
and steel company thugs came t
smash the meeting by clubbing tn
0Tarchers, giving tear gas and al
30 shooting.
But we reached Washington, I
c., despite Hoovers cops, whic
were there to meet Us also, wit
tear gas and sawed-off shotgun
The producers news. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1918-1937, 1932-01-29

required for this type of collec-
tive farmer not only to see but
actually to feel that simply to
grasp at leisure and to seize
things for himself is unpermis-
sible, that it leads to the ruin of
the artel.
The transition from small to
Iarge-scale farming, which is now
taking place, is impossible with
cut wavering and vacillatiOns,
without attempts by descriptive
elements, by kulak elements
Qbound by thousand ties to the
small peasantry) to take action IN
one form or another.
On collective farms the peasants
will definitely outgrow the psychol-
ogy of petty property-owpers and
their greed for private accumula-
ton. handed down by generations OF
The producers news. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1918-1937, 1932-01-29

scale"
One should not idealize the
members of the artel. They wen
but yesterday petty proprietors,
small property owners. Consider
their psychology. 1t is under
standable that at first their eff
forts will often be directed toward
escaping from the strenuous toll
of the small farm, toward Sc
curing somewhat more of life's
blessings which they did not get
on their small farms but which
the artel can provide. They win
often try to snatch at leisure, to
be lazy, to shove work on Ito 9TH
ers. This tendency will doubtless
be widespread and serious for a
long time to come. 1t is evident
that certain amount of time is
The producers news. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1918-1937, 1932-01-29

er than ON Nov. 10 and 2 points
below the index Of 68 on Oct. Is,
the previous low point in this de-
pre- sgicn. A year ago the index
stood at 81 and two years ago at
135. This represents a decline OF
81 per cent In two years.
Compared with prices that pre-
vailed year ago, poultry prices
which were low last year show a
small decline of about 5 per cent
compared with about 20 per cent
for dairy products, and with % to
40 per cent for such groups as
grains, meat animals, vegetables,
fruits and cotton.
The decline of three per cent
between December 18th and Janu-
airy 18th is very important be-
cause of the fact that it is greater
than the decline for any single
month in the past two years Of
tbs crisis. 1t is also important In
that, while the general wholesale
price index fen only two per cent
from June to November, agricuI'
tural products have declined three
per cent in one month, means more
misery for the farm masses, since
the price of the articles which they
buy fall even slower than the gen
eral wholesale prices.
The Department of Agriculture
had to admit that "the year 1893
ended with the domestic demant
for farm products at the loves
level so far in this depression anC
probably in this generation" Th'
Department of Agriculture is fore
ed to make this admission Will
the rest of the capitalist cIas
continues 10 see bright spots Oh
the horizon of the crisis. TIL
lowest demand for agriculture
products in this crisis and in tn
, present generation correspond
with the worst misery of, and th
greatest starvation among tn
toiling masses in this crisis, i
! this generation, in the history c
: capitalist exploitation, crises, an
: misery.
The producers news. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1918-1937, 1932-01-29
FORCE PROMISES
OF FREE GYMNASIA
LSU MAKES DEMANDS ON
CLEVELAND BOARD.

OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES a dele
cation repre- senting thousands of
worker spOrtsmen in Cleveland at
tended the opening session of the
new Board Of Education to present
demands for free Gymnasiums. As
the delegation entered Mayor Bur-
ton was asking the Board to con-
slider opening of three schools,
which he named, as recreationaI
centers. He suggested that this
be an experiment. Further if it
should prove successful more such
gymns should be opened. Mayor
Burton did not mention the cam
paign that the Labor Sports Union
had been carrying on but it was
quite obvious to the delegation
Chat these remarks of the Mayor
came as a direct result of the
pressure of the young workers Of
Cleveland Ted by the Labor Sports
Union.
| Despite the fact that the delega
ton was unable to get the flool
they forced the newly elected
Chairman, of the Unemployment
Relief Committee, Mr.. Anderson
TO listen to their demands Mr.
Anderson made every attempt II
fool the delegation but failed. A
first he tried to pass the buck Il
some other Department. He wa
informed that plenty Of Depart
ments had been seen and that W
want an answer nowl Mr.. Ander
The producers news. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1918-1937, 1932-01-29
By LENA DAVIS


This district around the Verb
lud State Farm is the largest in
the North Caucasian territory
with $40 Of the peasants collec-
TWEED The chief farms are grain
raising farms, but there are also
mixed" farms, grain and cattle.
Most of the collectives are located
near water so that they can raise
vegetables for the market.
The chief form of collectiviza-
ton is the agricultural Artel, but
there are also Communes. In the
Artel the land belongs to the gov
eminent, but is free for the use OF
the peasants. The collective is
organized by peasants who form
erly lived in villages. The land is
re-surveyed and the collective farm
is organized from these Individual
strips of land which are adjacent
to each other.
A collective is a voluntary uni.
'ication of the peasantry, coop
erative system of farming. Each
peasant joining collective has
certain rights and duties. All
citizens from the age of 18 whs
have voting power have the right
to join a collective Middle peas
ants, poor peasants, agriculture
aborers, employees, teachers, etc.
all have the right TO join. A col
.ective has its rules and makes de
cisions on each one who comes in
Entrance fees and shares: Eacl
collective has entrance fees an,
shares. The entrance fees (which
are generally between 8 and
roubles) are alike for all, but tn
shares are differentiated Eacl
pays according to his ability. Fo
example, more Is expected from
] the middle peasant than the SINAI
The producers news. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1918-1937, 1932-01-29
HARLAN, KY.


and beat them mercilessly, threat
ening them with death.
The gun thugs will not crush
the strike. The strike is spread
ing and will crush the terrorism
and the system Of hunger it seeks
to perpetuate.
Anchor, KY, Jan. 21.-The Ken
lucky strike is on. The miners
came out against utter starvation;
utter starvation is also the weap-
on of the operators against the
strike. If these thousands Of min
ers, and hungry women and chill
dren get immediate relief, food
especially, the strike will be won
The conditions existing in the
mining camp of the Anchor Block
Coal Company are an example OF
the restitution which at the same
time caused the strike but which
may defeat it.
Against background Of gorge
GUS scenery, group of miserabl,
shacks are huddled on the hillside
The producers news. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1918-1937, 1932-01-29

small proprietors. This tendency
will be overcome only after years
of stubborn work in establishing
for the collective farms a basis Of
large-scale mechanical production:
years of effort in the formation of
eadres from among the collective
farm members; and by raising the
cultural level of the entire collec-
tive farm membership. (Theses of
the Central Committee on Yarko-
velv's Report.-Ed)
Only in the process OF such
work, only by setting against the
anarchy of the petty producer and
small prOperty-Dwner of yester-
day the principle of genuine or
ganizatiOnal order and labor dis
clpline, only by laying the foun-
uatIOn Cor new socialist con-
seriousness on the part of the
.uembers of the collective farmers
shall we be able TO develop and
strengthen the socialist character
OF the arteL :. In regard to this
we hide nothing from the mem
oers of the artel. We state frank
~ that we are not driving any
Jne into the artel by force. What
IS more, we declare that we re-
gard those persons who attempt
co force peasants to join artels
as enemies Of the Party and OF
che Soviet power, as accomplices
# the kulaks. But at the same
time, to those who have Joined an
artel, we also say frankly: there
can be no joint undertaking with.
out elementary discipline, without
a conscious and Conscientious re.
gard for communal property. Yor
! Joined the artel voluntarily. bu+
chat does not mean that you MAY
pillage it whenever it strikes
your fancy. Once you have Join
ed, you have taken upon yourself
the obligation of submitting to tn,
statutes adopted by its member,
and to its discipline; otherwise,
repeat, there will be no increas,
} IN the productivity of labor, no i'm
provement in the standard of Ev
ing.
These preliminary facts mus
be kept in mind whenever we un
, dertake to solve basic organiza
! tional and political problems. o
.. these we must first of all consid
|. er the following questions. th
!, middle peasantry, the poor peas
antry, relations with the individu
al peasants, Withdrawals from tn
, collectives, and the training o
! cadres.
r 1.-The Middle Peasantry
Let us take the question of tn
e middle peasantry. What is tn
D basic factor here? The answer
0 to be found in the theses:
: The transition from individual I
0 collective farming can be achieve
e only on the basis of an alIianc
% or the working class and poor peas
ants with the middle peasants. TIL
Implies the obligation of sywtemai
The producers news. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1918-1937, 1932-01-29
CHAPTER w
ORGANIZATIONAL MEASURES
NECESSARY TO STRENGTH
EN- AND DEVELOP COL
LECTIVE EARNS
CHAPTER IN

1t remainst for me only to men
ton some of the absolutely essen
tial organizational measures,
measures which are most import
ant from the point of view of
strengthening the collective farms.
Since the portion of the theses
dealing with this phase i familiar
to all of you, permit me to dwell
very briefly upon this part Of my
report.
In solving organizational prob
lens we must start from certain
The producers news. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1918-1937, 1932-01-29

When one enters tn.
stencil of garbage and camp
which :. have been imn. ietOs
disposed of is sharply nat
The shacks themselves r cOs1
most of three rooms, witSa sl't 4
heat except from inadeou .1o' ~
places which are not en none t''-
offset the many cracks aug
in the walls. Many tina u A'ls
finds that there are NJ. Oa
beds for the entire family ,p'0sI
usually have to sleep in On. '-sa'
and blankets are mad. "'s
rectly on the floor. " d.
Before the strike, tn. :,
worked for nine hours > !! nla'''
rates running from one doI1.s. u
1925. When the call 70 S ,
was issued, the miners stnD.s sNa
Id. They picketed the NIL MY "'
hundred per cent with tb.;- ~
land children; they vow tb.. 1 ~
would rather eat bread and n'T
than go back to work. pu s'ss'
danger that threatens then ~
they won't even have brs.s : 0'
water. ALI Of the miners :, ~
were questioned. Their sr' ".'s
al ran alike. They had .S'0a,
flour, potatoes and coffs. - y
until Monday with one ~
having enough to last until wv
nesday. They had no otbs, -" ~
visions-no meat, no eggs. ~
Practically every one IN ~.
camp has a cough suspiciOuslv M
T. B. and they constantly .va ~
torate. Their faces in far nv
the sunken, drawn paIlor A. :.
sumptives.
When the men struck and -.
scented their demands to the -
pany they were all fired. In N.
er words this mining camp i !.
pendent on the solidarity NJ !
the miners in Kentucky unde, y.
National Miners Union with n
backing Of all workers for th.i
future livelihood
No emphasis is sharp enough
impress upon all mass orcsni,,
lions, militant unions and ma
all workers everywhere the crs
cal nature of the present situa60r
Right here in this town 1900 ma,
women and children will Hsr
within a few days unless thew o
food.
With the wages of all wOfrl
everywhere being cut, their hon
j heightened, with the speed uu a
the layoffs, it is in the interest
4 tn entire working class to win e
8 cry battle they go into. vi
strikes won, the working class 1
fensive advances - with stnl
: lost, the bosses attacks an als
3 the line are sharpened. Terror
) gainst Negroes is increased-m.
: deportations Of the foreign b
e Increased numbers Of Iayc
and wage cuts. The Natiul
: Miners Union and the Work
q international Relief in the ma
l. Of the Kentucky miners, can u
e all Negro and White workers
K native and foreign born wOrkt
4 their wives and children 10 coll
e relief for the Kentucky strike
h mediateay. Send all food
clothing to las Pine St., PineT
> Ky, to the Kentucky Strik
Ie Miners Relief Committee Of
e. w. 1. R.
The producers news. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1918-1937, 1932-01-29
FARM PRICES HIT
new Low LEVELS
FARM PRODUCTS DEMAND IS
LOWEST IN GENERATION.

The price indext of the Depart
ment of Agriculture showed Cd
January 18th that the prices of
agricultural products were thirty
seven per cent below the prewar
aveage. The farm masses now get
three-eighths less for their pro-
ducts than they did before the
world war. From December Is,
1881 to January Is, 1882, the
prices Of agricultural products fell
by more than three percent of the
prewar average
The indext of farm prices on
Dec. 18th at IS per cent of the
pre-war average was points low
The producers news. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1918-1937, 1932-01-29

the new capital acquired by the
collective
OOmmunes: In a commune ev-
erything is collectivized. Wages
are paid according 10 work done,
but they do not get money, but
food, houses, clothing, etc. They
have collective services of all
kinds, more cultural institutions
and lead communal life in ev-
cry respect. A commune is not
isolated from the rest Of the com
munity. It is run on a business
basis and has relations with the
rest of the country.
There is a district Kolhoz OF col
lective farm organization TO which
delegates from the local collec-
tives are sent and national Kol-
hoz organization to which dele
gates from the district Kolhoz are
sent.
The foregoing article is print.
ed through the courtesy of the
Friends of the Soviet Union anf
appears in the first issue of IN.
monthly magazine, Soviet Russ,
| Today" The first issue, whicl
has just come off of the press
contains, besides the foregoinr ar
| ticle, articles by L. G. WRIGHT :,
Intervention and articles bv Scot
Nearing, A. A. Heller, Professo
| H. L. Dana, and is we'll Illustrate,
| with the latest photos from N,
Soviet Union. Subscriptions I,
Soviet Russia Today" are 81 81
/ per year, 60c for six months In
a copy-special bundle orders I,
clubs. Address Friends Of IN
Soviet Union. 80 East II St. Ney
York.
The producers news. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1918-1937, 1932-01-29
1.-The Middle Peasantry

Let us take the question of the
middle peasantry. What is the
basic factor here? The answer is
to be found in the theses:
The transition from individual 10
collective farming can be achieved
only on the basis of an alliance
of the working class ard r,.,on. r.nnn-
The Washington times., 1932-09-10
WHEAT REPORT
| SEEN BULL|SH
/. MARTFACTOR
BY WALL STREET SPECTATOR

BY WALL STREET SPECTATOR
NEW YORK, Sept. 10 Q.N.S0. d.
There was a lot more stock for
sale yesterday and the market was
unable to make any headway
against the burden, though it
tried very hard several times.
Support was again in evidence
and net losses were not large.
Profit-taking in the last two days
must have represented several
million shares, yet few leaders
showed losses of as much as 5
points, which is favorable sign.
The market is still in a test
Zone, however, and must turn
more convincingly than it has
tried since Thursday to restore
confidence in the present price
level.
Two important factors loom
large today. One is wheat. Yes
terday's crop report was some
what favorable. The other is the
United States Steel untitled ton
Word came from Pittsburgh
yesterday that steel would show
a rise of between 100000 and
100000 tons in its backlog.
This would be very bullish, and
At led one group to take a lot of
The stock around so. Wall Street
.aaas been at odds on what the
steel report would show. with
nany still inclined to look for a
small decline. The Pittsburgh in
formation has been quite reliable
in the past.
The Government crop report
Showed a decline of 100000
bushels during August with the
Eondition of the crop decreasing
further. It was interesting, since
word around yesterday was that
Eugene Meyer head Of the Federal
Reserve System, was turning his
eyes on wheat and advising its
purchase. Meyer called the turn
in cotton last month.