davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-06-11

CHICAGO, Ill, June l0.--A number
OF reports we're made by special or
CARNATIONS, and by special confer
ences held in connection with The Ma
tionaI Nominating Convention Of the
Communist Election Campaign
T.U.U.L. Report
The Trade Union Unity League,
through Jack Stachel, assistant sec
rotary, reported and pledged full sup
port OF the Communist election plat
form and candidates. Stachel point
ed out that the TUUL is not neutral
ca any question of the class struggle.
1t is for the workers. The AFL claims
TO be neutral, but is not 1t is for
the employers. The TUUL fights for
unemployment insurance. against in
functions, against deportations, and
against irnperialist war. 1t will sup
port the Communist Party against
the workers enemies, against the Re-
publican, Democratic and Socialist
Parties, against Father Cox and other
misleaders. in a fight for the six-hoW
day and for all the points or the
Communist platform.
Metal Workers
The metal workers conference re-
ported that it had SO delegates pres
ent from all main steel and metal
centers.
The main task OF the Metal Work
ers Industrial League during TIE c!ec-
ticn campaign is to make the SIX
planks Of the Communist Party pat
form TeaI live lighting issued conn a2G-
ing hem Up with the specific Local
grievances and demands and on the
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-06-11
Marriages Aren't Good Living
Wages; Figures Blast a Myth

Nearly three-fourths of the steel
workers couldn't earn enough for
an American standard of living.
The bulk of unSkilled steel labor
earned less than enough for the
average fanily's subsistence. The
bulk of semi-skined labor earned
less than enough for the average
family's minimum comfort"
And the report states definitely
that this described the condition Of
workers not only Immediately pre-
ceding the strike but also during the
previous yeasr of wartime prosper
ity." This prosperity was only for
the Schwabs, Graces, Morgans, Garys
and their fellow steel capitalists.
And Coal Miners Suffered.
The same conditions were found
among coal miners In 1900 a pick
miner in the central competitive
bitunlinous field received So cents for
ton Of coal and could buy with it
So cents worth of food and clothing.
The following years saw a continued
increase in nominal wages up to 81
cents in 1918. But in reality the
miner was worse off because with
this wage, due to a stead rise in liv-
ing costs, he could buy only "a cents
worth Of goods as compared with
1900 Where money wages increased
real wages had declined.
The daily wages of mine laborers
was $2.1o in 1900 Although this had
increased to $4.75 in 1918, the laborer
could then buy only $1.S8 worth Of
goods as compared with 1900. Thus
the end Of the war found the work.
ers in a worse position than at the
beginning of the century,
In the anthracite industry the sit
uation was similar. The relative real
earnings during the war years we're
considerably below the years 1902-l0.
These are typical figures for high
wartime wages" about which the
capitalists and their agents in press,
pulpit and schoolroom still talk
They would lure the workers into
support Of the international slaugh-
ter and the attack on the Soviet
Union by rehashing these lies about
higher wartime wages.
Workers must see to it that these
lies are answered. Imperialist war
will mean a still further degrade
ton Of real wages of the working
class
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-06-11

Wouldn't war bring high wages and
prosperity? This is the most COM
mon question asked today by work.
ers, even by sincere and militant
workers.
We showed in an article in the
Daily Worker, May 81, 1882, that high
wages in war time are complete
myth, that wages in general Jagged
behind the cost Of living even in
what are described as the boom
days" Of the last imperianst war. We
noted how wages of the best paid
groups fell far below what even gov
eminent bureaus designated as suffi-
ctent to maintain minimum health
and decency budget"
Let us look at the trend of wages
and living costs in three important
war industries during those years.
xsxtiie Real Wages Lower
Than In 90's.
In teh textile industry Is a whole
wo find that the purcha sing power
Of the workers earnings was a little
less during the war years-1914-l91S
than it was during the nineties OF
the last century!
The average hourly earnings Of
men in the cotton manufacturing in
dustry during the war years was less
than Is cents, while that Of women
was 90 cents an hour.
In the wool manufacturing indus
try the hourly wages Of the men dur
ing the war years was only q cents
an hour, while women were paid 81
cents.
The relative purchasing power Of
the wage-earners in the silk industry
rose from base of 100 in 1914 TO 1o1
in 1916; but then fell to "a in 1917
and to SO in 1918; so the workers
were per cent worse off at the end
Of the war than in 1914.
Steel Wages Dropped Too.
Relative annual earnings of steel
workers-including those in iron and
steel works, rolling mills, foundreis
and machine shops, we're lower in
1914 than two decades before, and
dropped even lower in 1915. In 1916
they had risen only to what they
had been in 1891 There we're only
slight increases in the remaining war
years.
: The Interchurch World Movement,
- its report on the Steel Strike of
Z -. stated that:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-06-11
June Issue OF The Communist
A Manual OF Strike Strategy

ties use as substitute for struggle.
Exposure Of the bureaucratS must
not be just denunciation, but presen-
tation Of facts.
Strike Analysis.
StachelS article is a detailed study
of mistakes and success in applying
the Strassburg Resolution on strike
strategy to the 1882 Kentucky min
ers' and New York dress strikes. The
Kentuky strike was not prepared for
in the spirit Of Strassburg 1t was
called on the initiative of blacknsted
men with the National Miners Union
leadership largely in ignorance that
this was the main group already in
favor OF a strike. The unemployed
miners should have been led into a
struggle for relief, while contacts and
organization were built among the
employed, in preparation for strike.
A whole series of other things are
listed by Stachel that ought to have
been done and were not done. Stachel
does not SO much say, as prove by
implication, that the main trouble
in Kentucky was our leaders vast
misunderstanding of the situation,
flowing, of course from a lock of de-
talide study that would have come
in the course of real preparation.
The dress strike was on the whole
successful, but even here the full adj
vantage of the situation was not
taken because of a too formal united
front policy, not enough trust in the
masses of unorganized and members
of right wing unions. Our united
front work" was too much in the
spirit: Members of the International
You are in the bosses union and
its strike is not your striker, with
out concrete proof being given, and
with a chance for the reactionary
officials to claim, "They just want
you to join the Red union. The real
united front also would have given
the workers in the shops, irrespective
of union membership, chance to
vote on the strike date.
Soial Demagogy and Fascism.
w. Knorin analyses the role of So
clal Democracy and Fascism, using
Germany as an example. Both are
agents o fbig business. They differ
on tactics, and big business is using
whichever seems at the moment the
best for it. Social Democracy creeks
the militancy of the workers through
democratic" forms and illusions;
Fascism throws these overheard and
calls for sterner measures, but also
with demagogic arguments that its
ways are best for the workers. Our
main fight to win the workers is
against the Social Fascists (Social
Democrats) who claim to be a party
Of the workers. Social fascistn paves
the way for Fascism.
Bill Dunno, in "The War Often
sive-Tightening the Capitalist Die
tatorship In the United States" points
out that the crisis now grips the
entire working class, skilled as we'll
as unskilled, the average reduction in
wages being admittedly 40 to so per
cent, and certainly actually worse.
The rulers Of this country begin to
work out plans for a bipartisan die
tatorship, a war government as a
solution, and the Socialist Party sup
ports it.
The June issue also carries an ar
ticle by Olgin on the Second Five
Year Plan. The article is highly in
structive. No worker can afford to
miss it.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-06-11

Young Communist League as a result
of the first two. He said we must
constantly remember all these three.
He also made a personal appeal to the
youth delegates to study MarXist-
feminist literature which with active
participation in the class struggle
would aid in developing more real
mass leaders from he ranks of the
youth.
The following are the demands re-
ferred for final formulation, in addi-
ton to the six in the Communist
draft platform:
/. The right to vote for all Is
years of age and over. The right to
vote for all servicemen. Old enough
to work; old enough to vote!
2. Against all discrimination of the
youth in unemployment relief; against
all vagrancy laws.
3. Abolition of all child labor IN
der IA. Government support of all
children under that age now working.
4. A six-hour day with full pay
for all young workers under IS.
5. Equal pay for equal work for
young and adult workers.
6. Free food, fare, clothing, medical
treatment and school supplies for
child renof unemployed workers I'M
til unemployment insurance is estab-
lished. Abolition of fees in all state
and city controlled schools and col
leges.
7. The building of new public
schools, Fairgrounds and recreation
centers in working class neighbor-
hoods.
| 8. Against all forms Of bosses mill
itarism. Against the R.O.TC., Ma
tional Guard and Citizens Military
Training Camps.
8. Against the discrimination Of
Negro youth in giving of relief, and
in employment; against Jim Grow
schools and community centers.
Women's Conference
1.-THE women OF the working class
must be won for the Communist
Party. They belong to U.s." This was
the keynote of the conference of
women delegates held on the second
day of the nominating convention OF
the Communist Party.
One hundred and sixteen workers
were among the thousand worker
delegates to the Communist Nominat-
ing Convention. OF these, more than
half were Negroes. Women workers
represented groups in almost every
state of the union.
The women delegates heartily en-
dorsed the platform of the Commu-
mist Party as proposed to the con-
vention and stressed the need of rails
ing special demands for the working
women in the states and cities-equal
pay for equal work, maternity insur-
ance, the struggle against the high
cost Of living. The need Of nlobiliz-
ing the working women for the strug-
gle against imperialist war and Of
winning them from the influence of
the pacifists, was carefully discussed
by the women delegates.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-06-11
French Govt Will Not
Wipe Out Preparations

LONDON, June 10.--As the British
Cabinet met to discuss the policy to
be followed at the Lausanne Confer
ence, scheduled to take place on the
18th of this month, Prime Minister
Macdonald. was informed by Herriot
that the French government cannot
approve the proposed wiping out of
reparations.
In addition, it Is reported here
that Secretary of State Stinson told
the British Ambassador that the Uni
ted States Government is also a.
gainst any step to cancel completely
the German PREPARATIONS
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-06-11

Complete recognition OF the union,
with closed shop"
One day off in, eight, without pay,
fer regular employees as assurance
that extra crews now on the COM
pany rolls viii have work.
A two-year contract, instead of an
agreement for one year as heretofore.
The percentage of wage reduction
for one-man operators and bus
drivers is 4.9, arn-for two-man crews
.3.3 per cent.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-06-11
CUT WAGES, LAY OFF
MEN; SPEED UP ON ALL
STREET RAILWAY LINES
ew York Fires 297 Technicians and Offers
hem Jobs AS Motormen-Maybe,S Sometime
6tsburgh Traction Magnates Raise. Profits by
Higher Fares, More One-Man Cars

News Of increase of street car fares
I'D cutting OF wages of street car
motornen and conductors and other
employees, and of replacement of two
man cars by one-man cars is accu-
mulating. Extra burden on the
worker who has to use the cars to go
to work, more unemployment and
harder work for less wages is the
citys or the cornpany's way out of
the crisis"
New York Fires 297
The New York board Of transporta-
ton has notified 297 engineers and
craftsmen, highly skilled. workers, that
after June 80 their services will no
longer be required" but, magnificent
generosity, they will be given first
option on jobs as motormen, etc. dow
wages, on the new Eighth Avenue
subway, If and when the city under
takes to run it."
The city saves and makes avail
able for Tammany graft the sum OF
$761 ,s89 per year by this economy
measure" and % engineers, three
caisson tenders, one cement tester,
three chemists, los assistant engi-
neers, 70 construction inspectors, one
timber inspector, four steel inspectors,
IA junior engineers, SO draughtsmen
and one laborer get a chance to
starve while.
Meanwhile the same authorities
who discharged these men report that
10000 persons have applied for the
1900 jobs on the Eighth Avenue
subway.
s Wage Cut in Boston
Fifteen hundred carmen of the
Eastern Massachusetts, Street Rail-
way system got wage cut Of 7 cents
an hour June 2. The old basic wage
of 81 cents an hour for operators
Of two-man. cars is cut to go cents,
and the ~ cent wage for one man
cars is cut to IS cents.
Cut in Pittsburgh Wages
The Traction Conference Board
boasts that it successfully cut wages
seven and half per cent on May /,
and now will, on June 26, abolish the
weekly pass, by which an unlimited
number OF rides during the week
could formerly be bought wholesale
for $3.50. The standard car fare in
Pittsburgh is 10 cents, or three for a
quarter.
! The board is also pleased to an
nounce that one.man operation OF
crosstown cars is increasing, and that
the "motormen and conductors dis
placed by the changes will be placed
| on the extra list" meaning they
may, sometime, get run or two if
they keep in touch. They will have
most Of the disadvantages of work
ing, without the wages.
/ st. Louis Wages Cut
/ Officers of the Amalgamated Street
and Electric Railways Employees
Union, trained in many sellouts pre-
viously, have signed, In return for the
closed sshop and guarantee of the
dues from every one of 310o carmen
in st. Louis, Mo-, a new contract,
effective as from May 90, as follows:
One-man car operators and bus
drivers, now receiving 68.4 cents an
hour, reduced to 65 cents.
Two-man crews, now getting 62.1
cents hourly, reduced to 60 cents.
| A reduction of per cent in the
wages of shop men, track laborers
and, material handlers.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-06-11
won in the course Of the struggle.

won IN the course OF the struggle.
Burlak also brought before the N
E. B. the necessity to start nation
wide struggle against the deportations
that are being carried through whole
sale in the industrial and company
towns. This deportation campaign
is being directed against the most
militant workers and is terrorizing
the entire foreign born population
The terror is in particular directed
against the T.U.U.L. unions and I'M
less we start real struggle we will
find great difficulties in enrolling the
workers into our unions. In this con-
nection she made proposals for the
campaign to secure the release OF
Edith Berk1nan.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-06-11
WOMEN, YOUTH, METAL WORKERS
PLAN DRIVE FOR JOBLESS INSURANCE
Delegates Chicago Nominating Convention Organize Their Forces
for Intensive Campaign Communist Platform Industries

Trade Union Unity League Report Pledges Full Support
mist Platform; "We Are Not Neutral Between
Workers and Employers"
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-06-11
An Open Letter to
the South
BY LANGSToN HUGHES

White workers of, the South:
Miners
Farmers
Mechanics,
Mill hands,
Shop girls,
Railway men,
Servants, d.
Tobacco workers,
Share. cropperr,
GREETINGS!
am the black worker.
Listen:a,-
That the land might be ours,
And the mines and the factories and
the office towers
At Harlan, Richmond, Gastonia,
Atlanta, New Orleans;
That the plants and the roads and
the tools of power
Be ours: -.e.77'
Let us forget what Booker T. said.
Separate as the fingers"
He knew he lied.
Let us become instead, you and I,
One single hand
That can united rise
To smash the old dead dogmas Of the
past 80
To kill the lies Of color
That keep the rich enthroned
And drive us to the time clock and
the plow
Helpless, stupid, scattered, and alone
las now
Race against race,
Because one is black,
Another white of face.
Let us new lessons learn,
All workers. ssc
New life-wayS make
One union form:
Until the future burns out
Every past mistake.
Let us get together, say:
you are my brother, black or white.
You my sister-now-today!"
For me, no more the great migration
to the North.
Instead: Migration into force and
power, 49,.
Tuskegee with a red flag ON the
tower!
On every lynching tree, poster cry
ing FREE
Because, o poor white workers,
You have linked your hands with me.
We did not know that we were
brothers. Is ~
Now we know! ... -,
Out of that brotherhood
Let power grow.
We did not knowrn.'
That we were strong.
Now we see n-
In union lies our strength.
Let union be
The force that breaks the time clock,
Smashes misery,
Takes land,
Takes factories,
Takes Office towers,
Takes tools and banks and mines.
Railroad, ships, and dams,
Until the forces of the world a.
Are ours! -
White worker,
Here is my hand.
Today, '44"
We're Man to Man.
April rs, 1882. @o-'
The daily worker., 1932-11-24
COURTS FRAME
6 MORE NEGROES
Funds Needed for
Scottsboro Fight

PROVIDENCE, R. l., Nov. 23.--
Pushing through another Scottsboro
mass frame-up of Negro workers, an
all-white jury today brought In a
verdict of guilty of first degree mur-
der against five Negroes, and of be-
ing an accessory before the fact
against sixth colored worker.
The six workers were arrested and
rushed to trial following the killing
of Arthur j. Black, a white lottery
operator, on Sept. "a.
The new lynch verdict is in line
with the bosses policy of intensified
persecution and terror against the
Negro masses during the crisis, as
shown in the hideous frame-up and
death sentences against the innocent
Scotsbotro boys in Alabama, and
similar lynch verdicts against the
Logan Circle victims of class justice
in Washington, D. c.
Side by side with the development
Of the mass defense of these VIC
tins, funds must be rushed to the
International Labor Defense, 80 E.
18th St., New York City, for its work
in preparing the defense of the
Scottsboro boys in the new trials in
Alabama.
The daily worker., 1932-11-24
Driue for War Sharbens
Over Debts, China Loot
France Supports Japan Against U. S.. U. S.
Tries to Get Lead of Anti-SOviet Front
Hoover Rejects Bids for Post poning War
Debts. PROPOSES Bargaining

WASHINGTON, Nov 2Hoover today issued
slstng the
United States in December the
another Hoover commission
the ntes u. S.
to
conference with Hoover yesterday
Hooyers statement attacks the united front established
United States Belgium Poland
the debts question: declaring that
would insist ON dealing separately with each debtor
League Council
angonisms between imperiat
for redvOn of the world This
extension to the Central and South American
The daily worker., 1932-11-24

ton and La Crosse, Wisconsin. Such
victories are possible because of the
rapidly growing mass support for the
Hunger March.
But, at this critical time, when
masses of workers are rallying to the
standard Of the Hunger March, the
National Committee announces that
there is no money with which to car
ry on. Nothing could be more de-
plorable than that, at a time when
the radicalized workers are showing
an increased willingness to fight a.
gainSt hunger, there should not be
available sufficient funds to meet the
expenses of continuing the struggle.
At such a time we cannot let this
question of money stand in the way
of this march that is sweeping
through the country and that is des-
tined 10 write brilliant pages Of work.
ing class history.
Decisive Week
This week is decisively in the devel-
opment OF this great movement. Every
effort must be put forth to overcome
this serious condition. There must
be provided the means to carry. on
this drive toward Washington, which
must force the authorities to pro-
vide $50 winter relief to every jobless
worker and unemployment insurance
at the expense of the employers and
the government.
There must be the greatest mass
support everywhere for this march.
The workers Of every city, of every
locality, should organize and stage
great mass demonstrations every
where on December when the col
umns of the National Hunger March
converge upon Washington in sup
port of the national demands and to
fight for local demands. Let the
hunger government at Washington
know that the Hunger Marchers speak
for millions of workers and their fam
lilies who are determined not single
man. woman or child shall go hun
CRY this winter, who demand that the
capitalists who are responsible for
this crisis come through with unem-
ployment insurance.
Let all workers, all sympathizers,
rally to the support OF he National
Hunger March and rush funds inn
mediately to the Hunger March Com
mittee, 146 5th Ave, New York City.
Continue the tag d"ys for the hum
ger march this Saturday and Sunday.
All out to raise n fighting fund for
the Hunger march,
The daily worker., 1932-11-24
Children Leave to
Demand Relief
Elected in 10 Cities to
See Hoover

NEW YORK, Nov. 23.-In spite OF
Washington police threats, twenty
enc children left New York last night
as part of the delegation from sew
eral Eastern states which will see
President Hoover to demand imme-
diate relief for the adult workers
and children.
In this group there are five Ne
gro children and five Latin-Ameri-
can. All delegates were chosen at
Open Hearings throughout the city,
where the misery of school children
and the responsibility Of local and
federal authorities was clearly ex-
posed.
The delegation from New York
will be met at the capital by five
children from Connecticut, four from
Boston, number from Patterson,
Newark, Trenton, Philadelphia, Bal
timore, Washington and probably
Pittsburgh.
The children will demand:
l. Immediate relief for the winter
months in the form of $50 for pa
rents and $40 extra for every child
2. The setting aside of money to
establish federal relief stations all
over the country. These to provide a
quart of milk daily, one hot meal
daily, free medical aid, carfare and
school books. 3. No child labor un-
der IA years of age. The government
to support 2ll children who are forced
to work under that age. 4. No dis
elimination against any Negroes,
foreign born or youth in the giving
of relief. 5. Against the closing of
public schools and for immediate
establishment of a fund by the Re-
construction Finance Corporation for
the building of new schools in work
ing-class neighborhoods. 6. Aboli-
ton of state vagrancy laws. That
the federal government shall pro-
vide funds TO feed Clothe and house
the 100000 homeless youths and chill
dren now roaming the country.