The Waterbury Democrat., 1932-02-24
Secretary Of State
Has Warned Japan
fcontinued From Page -

throughout the territory of China.
~. To refrain from taking adj
vantage of conditions in China in
order to seek special rights or
privileges which would abridge the
rights of subjects or citizens OF
friendly states, and from counten-
ancing action inimical to the Sc
curity OF such states.
This treaty thus represents n
carefully developed and matured
International policy intended. on
tho one hand, to assure to all of
the contracting parties their rights
and Interests In and with regard
to China, and on the other hand,
to assure to the people of China
the fullest opportunity and indie
pendence. The treaty was a cove
nant of self-denial among the sig
natory powers In deliberate re-
nunciation of any policy of ag-
gression which might tend to in
terfere with that development.
I'm Its report to the president
announcing this treaty, the Amer
can delegation, headed by the
then secretary of state, Charles e.
Hughes, said:
1T Is believed that through this
treaty the open door" in China
has at last been made q fact
AT that time the representative
of Japan, Baron Shidehara, an
nounced the position of his govern
ment as follows:
No one denies to China here
sacred right to govern herself No
one stands In the way Of China to
work out her own great national
destiny
1T must be remembered also
that this treaty was one of several
treaties and agreements entered
into at the Washington conference
by the various powers concerned,
all of which were interrelated and
interdependent. No one OF these
treaties can be disregarded with
out disturbing the general under
standing and equilibrium which
were intended to be accomplished
and effected by the group of agree
ments arrived at In their entirety.
The Washington conference was
essentially q disarmament confer
ence aimed to promote the posi-
bility of peace In the world not
only through the cessation Of
competition in naval armament,
but also by the solution of various
other disturbing problems which
threatened the peace of the world.
particularly In the Far East. These
problems were all interralted.
1.-THE willingness of the Ameri-
can government to surrender its
then commanding lead in battle
ship construction and to leave its
positions at Guam and in the Phil
ippines without further fortiflca-
ton, was predicted upon, among
other things, the self-denying
covenants contained in the nine
power treaty. which assured the
nations Of the world not only of
equal opportunity for their eastern
trade but also against the military
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT of any other
power at the expense of China.
One cannot discuss the possibility
of modifying or abrogating those
provisions of the nine power
treaty without considering at tho
same time the other promises up
on which they were really depend
ent
six years later the policy of
self-denial against aggression by
stronger against q weaker power,
upon which the nine power treaty
had been based, received q power
full reinforcement by the execution
by substantially all the nations OF
the world Of the pact of Paris, the
so-called Kellogg-Briand pact
These two treaties represent inde-
pendent but harmonious steps
taken for the purpose of aligning
the conscience and public opinion
of the world in favor of system
of orderly development by the law
Of nations including the settlement
of all controversies by methods o!
justice and peace instead of by ar
bItrary force. The program for
side aggression Is an essential part
of any such development.
1.-THE recent events which have
taken place In China, especially the
hostilities which having been be-
gun in Manchuria have latterly
been extended to Shanghai. far
from Indicating the ACCESSIBILITY OF
any modification of the treaties we
have been discussing, have tended
to bring home the vital importance
covenants therein to all of the ma
of the faithful observance OF the
lions interested in the Far East.
1t is not necessary in that con-
nection to inquire into the causes
of the controversy or attempt to
apportion tho blame between the
two nations which are unhappily
involved; for regardless of cause
or responsibility. 1t Is clear beyond
peradventure that a. situation has
developed which cannot, under any
circumstances, be reconciled with
the obligations Of the covenants Of
these two treaties, and that IL the
treaties had been faithfully OBJ
served such q situation could not
have arisen. The signatOries OF
the nine power treaty and of the
Kellogg BRAND pact who are not
parties to that conflict are not
likely to zee any reason fof modl-
| flying the terms OF those treaties.
| 10 them the real value Of the faith