davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-05-06
COMMUNISM AND THE NEGRO
Nv BURCH

sion and exploitation, against every wrong and
grievance of the workers and poor toierS, against
every case of police persecution, against every
assault on the lives of the working class, whether
it be evictions or wage cuts or unemployment, !
etc. 1t consists of thousand and one little daily
struggles which are gathered up and accumu-
lated and directed not only against one wrong
one grievance, but against the entire system
of economic, political and national oppression
and exploitation of the majority of the popu-
lation by small group of parasitic Landlords.
bankers, capitalists and spectators. The real
essence of the revolutionary method consists in
the fact that every action is inspired by fun
damental aim not merely to make the slavery of
the masses a little more bearable under capt.
talism but to destroy the entire system of sla-
very which breeds and exists only at the expense
of the ifeblood of all the toilers
consists in rousing ever larger masses to eco
nomic and political struggle against the capi-
talst system and the capitalist government. 1t
seeks to awaken all the masses to political con-
seriousness and to draw them into the arena of
the historical struggle for the establishment of
new social system For only their struggle can
achieve this. Precisely because it is not merely
a question of correcting one wrong but of elm
mating the very system that continually re-
produces these wrongs, do the Communists seek
to raise every struggle to fundamental, revolu-
tionary struggle aimed against the entire poit-
ical and social system.
In tomorrow's article I will again return to the
arguments of Mr. Richardson
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-05-06

to the Hoover administration, to become the
peace makers in the Far East Here the true
social fascist role is exposed The very war makers
are appealed to as peace makersl
The Communists, the only leaders against i'm
periaist war, are pictured as those who are re-
sponsible for imperialst war. The pacifism OF
Norman Thomas is the best imperialist weapon
of the bourgeoisie in the ranks of the working
class
In order that the workers should be able to
organize their forces against imperiaIist war
for the defense Of the Soviet Union. they must
free themselves from the paciflsm OF Thomas
and drive ont the social fascists from their
ranks,
Thomas says tins Communists are preparing
reaction. Merely to remind him Thomas sup
ported the German Socialists in their alliance
with the Hindenburg monarchist The reason
given was that this will prevent the growth OF
FaScism. Just the reverse is the case. And Is
not the Labor Party in England with his beloved
friend Macdonald, responsible for the Con-
servativeS coming into power in Great Britainp
The Bolshev1k Party, under the leadership Of
Lenin, carried on the sharpest fight against the
Mensheviks, the Russian Socialists (supported by
Thomas and Hillquit, who are today as they
were then; allied with the counter-revoIutionar
forces seeking the overthrow of the Soviet Union.
The humiliation Of the Russian Socialist Mem
Sheviks made possible the establishment and
growth OF the Soviet Union
THE LESSON FOR THE WORKERS IN THE
UNITED STATES, FROM THE EXPERIENCES
OF THE INTERNATIONAL WORKING CLASS,
FROM OUR OWN EXPERIENCE is THAT ITO
FIGHT AND DESTROY FASCISM YOU MUST
FIRST OF ALL DESTROY THEIR CLOSEST
ALLY, THEIR AGENTS IN OUR WORKING
CLASS RANKS-THE SOCIALISTS"
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-05-06

(From the Resolution of the Executive Com
mittee of the Communist international on the
lessons OF strike struggles printed in full in
the May issue of the COMMUNIST. We are
reprinting excerpts from the sections dealing
with the miners strike of last year,.
THE work of the Communist groups in the
strike leadership showed serious neglect in
the organization of broad cadres Of strikers for
the purpose of the constant activigation OF the
masses. In the first stage OF this strike there
were wide spontaneous mass activities, but what
was lacking was network of sufficiently broad
organs which could Systematically lead and de-
velop this activity and which would also have
been in position to assure the carrying through
of the necessary tasks during the strike. The
picket line duty also should have necesSitated
the formation of special committees through the
activities of which ever new workers should have
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-05-06

been drawn into the picket line and through the
constant control Of which the decrease in the
number Of workers on picket duty towards the
end of the strike could have been prevented.
Also for the organization of the collections Of
money and foodstuffs, in which thousands of
workers participated, it would have been neces-
sary to form the broadcast possible committees in
each place for the increase of this activity during
the entire course of the strike. Such committees
should also have been formed for the organiza-
ton of the defensive struggle against the en-
ployers and the police terror against evictions,
for the organization Of agitation and propaganda
In the various districts, etc. "A wide network Of
such local auxiliary organs of the strike COM
mittee would have made possible the consolida-
tiun Of The broad strike cadres. of the most &C
tie workers, with the help OF whom the Commu-
mist committees could have really led the big
mass movement.
Our comrades overlooked the fact that even
the most intensive work of the relatively small
active part of the strike committee can in no
way replace the necessary work of the broad
strike cadres consisting not only Of hundreds
but thousands of workers. Our comrades did
not understand that the limitation Of this big
movement to a relatively small "active" created
the danger of later separating the broad masses
from the strike committee.
When Reformists Lead Strike to Make the
Workers LeaderIess
In the Pennsylvania strike the reformists in
the main disclosed before the masses their open
strike-breaking position, and undisguisedly tried
to help the employers to defeat the strike. On
the other hand, with regard to most of the
other strikes of the year, the reformist trade
unions did not play such simple and undis-
guised role but on the contrary, they partici-
pated in the strikes, led them in order to betray
them at the orportune moment They led the
strikes in order TO make them leaderless.
Against this cunning left reformist tactic of
strike betrayal, the American Communists we're
sometimes rather helpless and by their tactical
mistakes they, in some cases, played into the
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-05-06
Into the Factories

What can the proletariat put up in OPP
position to the power of finance caital with
its trusts, its cartels an its fighting fascist
gangs? Only organization in the factories.
The struggle for the factories will be the most
dramatic page in the history of the struggle
between Communism on the one hand and
the bourgeois dictatorship, with its parties Of
fascism and social democracy, on the other.
The further sharpening of the class struggle,
the imminent threat OF imperialist war and
military intervention against the USSR, raise
and will continue to raise before the Com
munist Parties the question of the best Or
ganizational form which can guarantee both
successful defense and also the victorious at
tack Of the working class. This best and
most flexible form is the reorganization OF
the Communist Parties on the basis of the
factories.
Hrom the Report by Comrade Manuisky
at the 18th Plenum Of the CID.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-05-06

Hardly a month has passed since the auto
mobile king, Henry Ford, ordered his former
employees massacred by machine guns when
they demanded jobs or unemployment relief at
the gates Of his Dearborn factory And his own
son personally supervised the murder of four
Of these victims Of Ford's capitalist system of
hunger, terror and violence Is not this nlur-
derous deed an act Of violence against the lives
Of hungry workers? Indeed, what else is it but
violence when 100000 people throughout the
capitalist world are forced to starve amidst
plentyl
The history of capitalism has been the his
tory of violence against the working class, and
it is only by the revolutionary struggle of the
majority of the working class, supported by the
oppressed Negro people and poor farmers that
the masses will finally be able to rid the country
of the plague of capitalism. Not only has all
history proved that this is the only way out for
the oppressed and expToited majority, but the
open cynical statements and deeds of our own
SO rulers have made this perfectly clear.
A ruling class that did not hesitate to murder
thirteen million people in war for profits will
not peacefully relinquiSh its hold on the indus
tries and the wealth of the nation, produced
by the toll Of the workers and poor farmers.
Mr.. Richardson obviously conceives the ques-
ton Of revolutionary methods in the timid and
fearful spirit Of a respectable bourgeois But
revolutionary methods are much deeper and in
volve much more than the mere exercise Of vio-
lence. Wherein is the essence of the revolu-
tionary method? It consists, first, in develop
ing real struggle against every form of oppres-
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-05-06
Before the Conventions of Our Enemies
BE YOURSELF, MR.. THOMAS
By SAM DON

The toiling masses in the Soviet Union seem
to enjoy the horrors" and risks of the first
Five-Year Plan, which has hquidated unem-
ployment and is raising the material and Gull
tural level OF the population of the Soviets Such
are the horrors" and risks" of the dictator
ship OF the proletariat We Suspect" that. 49,.
the workers in the .. S. who enjoy the Ham
Fish and Norman Thomas traditional liberties
of free America look in this period of crisis
enWously to the Land of the Soviets. Isn't this
the real cause for Mr.. Thomas fascist anger
and worry which he covers with a thick layer
OF socialist liberal phrases
Every worker can learn through his own ex-
periences that the smallest concession from the
bosses was result of bitter battles, yes bloody
battles The capitalists who will not without
struggle, without a strike grant a penny OF
increase, shorten hours will be willing to turn
over the means Of production, the natural re-
sources, to the toiling masses!
What a fake, what a utopal Thomas
breaches peace with the capitalists, good will
to all murderous eXploiters' in order to give the
bosses a chance to attack the workers without
meeting any serious resistance. And precisely
because the capitalist system is becoming in
creasingly bankrupt in this third year of the
economic crisis, the dictatorship of the -bour-
geois become more OPEN ~ @,72 80. = ~
The horrors and risks OF living under capital
Ism are lar greater than the sacrifices, victims
Of the revolutionary struggles leading to the es-
tablishment of the Dictatorship of the Proletar-
lat. But what is most important, Mr.. Thomas,
is that under capitalism the toiling masses are
doomed, and that the Dictatorship of the Pro-
letariat with all its horrors" and risks (Which
are really horrors and risks" for the bour-
geoisie and bitter struggles and revolutionary
achievements for the working class will eman-
cipate the working class and free humanity from
capitalism, and will lead for the first time in
modern history Of mankind, establish classics
society.
Thomas says that we Communists insist on
disaster" we insist on new world war" What
is the meaning of that? The 'revolutionist'
Thomas tells the workers in so many words: "It
is not the capitalist system which makes war in
evitable, it is not Wall Street, the imperialistS
who are consciously and desperately preparing
for war;" The aim here is to disarm the workers
in the struggle against war. Thomas and the
Socialist Party appealed to the League of Nations
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-05-06
Article IL

In yesterdays article we dealt with the main
reason why Norman Thomas is using left phrases,
and even attempting to identify the Socialism
of the Socialist Party with Communism. We
explained that under the pressure Of the crisis
the workers are turning to Communism. In order
to stop it, Thomas is playing with left phrases
Today we will examine his theories. which belle
his left phrases and expose his left nlaneuvers.
In his letter in the World-Telegram we read
further.
We believe that the capitalist order drifts to
immense catastrophe, but we still think it is pos
sible to present Socialism as an alternative to
such great catastrophe rather than its conse-
quence. Communist insistence on the inevitahility
of disaster, probably world war, and the
absolute and rigid necessity of dictatorship
with all its risks seems to US playing into the
hands of reaction here in America"
First Thomas appears highly revolutionary
THE capitalist order drifts to immense catas-
trophe.7 The meaning of it is-workers, no need
for revolution, capitalism is collapsing anyway,
why fight? We Communists say that only by
bitter revolutionary struggles, only through the
dictatorship of the proletariat will we put an end
to the decaying capitalist system The above
mentioned revolutionary gesture of Thomas is
necessary for him, however in order to further
develop the idea that within the framework of
capitalism you can peacefully develop socialism.
Here we have an excellent combination of the
revolutionary phrase, to lull the revolutionary
zeal and watchfullness of workers with the
socialists unter-revolutionary practice in order
to behead the struggle of the workers.
With fine humanitarian fervor' Thomas
tries to brighten the workers with the horror
and risks" Of the proletarian dictatorship. The
German socialists. the German Hilquits and
Oneals tSheidrnan, Noske, Kautsky, etc. told
the German workers in 1918 when they were be-
ginning to build the Soviets Don't risk the
Dictatorship of the Proletariat. don't follow the
example of the Russian Bolsheviks Through
bourgeois democracy will we introduce Social
ism"
What does history teac hus? In Russia-thru
the Dictatorship of the Proletariat to class
less Society. In Germany-through bourgeois
democracy (the masked dictatorship Of bosses)
to fascis1n, to hunger and misery. Macdonald
was building Socialism in our own time" Re-
sult-conservative government and more misery.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-05-06
The Key Tasks

The radical improvement OF the situation IN
the revolutionary trade unions is the key task
Of the Party The Red trade unions have not
yet recognized the fact that only by persistent
work in the enterprises and by taking up all
questions that confront the workers in connec-
ton with the offensive PRODUCTION of wages and
piece-w work rates. increase in working hours, dis
elimination against the Negro workers, worsen.
ing conditions of women and young workers,
etc. is it possible to mobilize the masses and
consolidate and expand their red union organ
izations. They have not yet realized that this
is the correct preparatory work for the strike
struggles and still have the tendency of wait
ing for strikes Within the red trade unions
there is not yet real trade union democracy and
a narrow sectarian tendency exists with regard
to the acceptance Of members. From the Reso-
luton of the XIV Plenum printed in full in
the April issue Of the COMMUNIST1y
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-05-06

the Negro soldiers, calling them "niggerS" etc.,
forcing them to work under the worst condi-
tons, and giving them long prison sentences
for any and no offense.
Everything was done to prosecute the Negro
officers, In the South, there was open agitation
against saluting Negro officer. Negro officers
we're seldom promoted; on the contrary, every
effort was made to get rid Of them. docu-
ment sent by the commanding officer Of the
S72nd Infantry Regiment, stationed in France,
to the Commanding General of the A. E r., re-
quested that (a) no colored officers be forwarded
to this regiment, requirements or otherwise; (b)
officers removed upon recommendation of the
Efficiency Boards be promptly replaced by white
officers Of like grade, But white officers are
not available as requirements white officers of
lower grades be forwarded instead; Co the re-
naming colored combat officers to go into labor
battaionS. This request was approved by Cen
eral Pershing.
The Efficiency Boards practically always de-
cided against the Negro officers. When few
Negro officers had been removed from regiment
1t was easy to say that white officers would not
serve with Negroes and to proceed to get rid OF
all the Negro officers. .-...
Five Negro officers Of the 18th n. Y National
Guard were removed in France for taking part
in g demonstration of their regiment against
Jim Grow practices in the army.
The white bosses feared the Negroes because
Of the terrific oppression to which they had sub
jected these people, whom they were now asking
to take up arms in order to preserve their ex-
plotting, lynch-law government.
1t was quite well understood in the army that,
in general, the only Negro officers who could
expect promotion were the ones who would lick
the boots OF the white officers and staff No
Negro who took a firm stand against Jim-Crow
and lynching could stand well With the army
authorities
In tomorrows article, ne shall see how the
worst Jim-Crow practices were applied in the
army, with the backing of the War Department.,
CTo be Concluded
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-05-06

to govern itself, according to It's own will.
When the silent consent is changed to fierce
remonstrance, the revolution Is impending.
The right OF revolution is indisputable. It is
written on the whole record of our race. Brit
ish and American history is made up of re-
beIIion and revolution. Many of the crowned
kings we're rebels or usurpers. Hampden, Pym
and Oliver Cromwell; Washington, Adams and
Jefferson, all were rebels. 1t is no word of
reproach. But these men all knew the work
they had set themselves to do. They never
called their rebellion "peaceable secession"
They were sustained by the consciousness of
right when they overthrow established author
ity, but they meant to overthrow it. They
meant rebellion, civil war, bloodshed, infinite
suffering for themselves and their whole gen.
GRAFTON for they accounted them welcome sub
stitutes for insulted liberty and violated right.
There could be nothing palmer, then, than the
American right of revolution" u. L. Motley
"The Causes of the American Civil War;" A
letter to the London Times, 1861, PIP. 1915
Violence, the violent suppression of the ex-
plotted workers and poor farmers and OF the
Negro people, is of the very essence of capital
last year alone. Is not this the most dastardly
act of violence against an oppressed people?
Only yesterday our Daily Worker reported that
the steel barons Of Pittsburgh have installed
machine guns in their plants for use against the
workers should they strike against the coming
third wage cut Of 10 to Is per cent. Is this
not violence Of the most brutal and murderous
character
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-05-06
BY J. W. FORD
VII

cPACE limitations prevent
y ed me from dealing fully
in my previous article with
all the Illusions, Jim Grow
tendencies and political and
economic errors appearing
In the statement Of Mr..
O. g. Richardson, bour-
geois Negro editor in the
Symposium" on Commune
ism In the April Crisis. I
was forced to save his prize
analysis on Communism for
separate treatment Mr..
Richardson essays to speak
with authority on Commuu-
ism The results are even
more ludicrous than in the
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-05-06

Proposed Candidate
of the Communist
Party for Vice.
President.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1932-01-01
EXPERIMENTS
 ARE UNDERWAY
 IN TELEv|SI0N
Boston Engineers Are Ex- perimenting with
 Two Waves
By c. E. BUTTERFIELD

BOSTON, Mass, Jan. 1.-Tele- vison signals of the same image on two wavelengths are being success fully transmitted in reacearch work under way here.
 One channel is the experimental short wave band of 107 meters. The other is in the ultra frequen- cies. six and one-half meters to be exact.
 While numerous reports have been received from lockers who have been able to tune in the 107- meter signals, including some from the middlewest there are-compara- lively little reception data as to the high frequency transmission. However, tl.e few reports made to the Boston Short Wave and Television laboratories have shown results similar to those obtained by other investigators-that transmits sion is definitely limited as to area, that that interference is almost nil and that pictures of unusual de- tail can be recorded.
 This last fact is considered re- markable in that no pains were taken in constructing the trans hitter and because a power Of only 30 watts or so is used, and modu- lation is reduced to about 45 per cent.
 The calle letter are WIXG, the transmitter being made with the idea of portability in mind. The antenna is only 20 feet above a two-story building on a high spot of ground.
 The high frequencies, believed to take on some of the characteristics of light waves and to travel only as far as the antenna can be seen, have been received at least 15 miles away.
 At that distance pictures were reproduced with almost the same fidelity as that obtained block or so away from the transmltter.
 Seek Screen Receiver
 In connection with the high fre- quency research, the engineers ur1- der the direction of Hollis Baird have been bending every effort to perfect a screen receiver. In this connection, neon tube design is be- ing pushed to develop lamps that will reproduce white pictures in place of red.
 The screen televisor has sim plified optical system, the lenses in the semi-drum type disk being the sole means of enlarging the tiny spots of light so that when thrown upon screen they build up a pie ture that can lbe increased in size to foot square.
 The neon lamp used, or the crater type, has it's light source confined to an extreme fine point, making condensing lenses unneces- sary. The screen consists of a treated photographic plate.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1932-01-01
lADyu1th e PAST
BY HARRIET HENRY

months had been so crowded that her mothers death now seemed far away. Her mind nowadays had so much to play about that there was no consciousness of lonliness in her present solitude. Nolly's op- eration and No1ly's engagement; Rene and the rich heritage of ru- nor that he had bequeathed her with his abrupt demise; Guy and his wife; pictures of herself at home, Venice Muir for whom, peo- pie would believe, a dashing young Marquis had thrown himself from window.
 Guy telephoned her the day be- fore she sailed.
 Just a bon voyage, Venice. Beatrice is here at the pension with me and I wouldn't risk any unpleasantness for you by trotting down to say goodbye"
 Venice knew genuine regret at the thought of not seeing him again.
 How are things going, Guy?"
 Slowly thanks" He laughed. You couldn't pierce Guys real troubles.
 There was pause. She was suddenly consumed by a serious desire to see his wife.
 Please" she heard herself say ing, don't think I'm crazy. If sat at the Cafe de la Paix at five wouldn't you walk by with her, Guy? I must know what she looks like.
 Funny gilii why?'
 T don't know. But please do as bon voyage present"
 She heard his quick, careless laugh along the wire.
 "The situation holds just enough theatricalness to intrigue me. Watch for your gigolo and his wife at five"
 Oh" She was surprised at how easily he had acquiesced to her