The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-03-23

ton OF these new plants with mastery of the
technique required to operate them successfully
was stressed by Ordzhonikidze. Considerable pro-
gress was made in this direction in 1881 The
difficulties undergone in operating the Stain
grad tractor plant were not only overcome last
year, but the experience gained served to obviate
similar trouble during the early months of oper-
alton Of other new plants Thus, the Kharkov
plant, which commenced operations in October
1881, was already producing so tractors per day
after four months Of operation, whereas it took
the Stalingrad plant ten months to reach this
rate of output
Progress has also been made In mastering the
technique of mechanical coal mining This was
prime factor in raising the output of the
Donet5 Basin mines from 70-75,O00 tons per
day in the Fall of 1880 to 14o-144,ooo tons by
January Of this year. In 1881 mechanical pro-
duction constituted 81 per cent of the total
output, while in 1882 this percentage Is SET at
70 for all coal mines and at 81 for the Donets
Basin mines.
Manufacture Of New Types Of Machinery.
field in which exceptionally rapid advances
were made last year is that OF the manufacture
OF machinery formerly either not produced In
the country at all or only In insignificant quaint
ties. This necessitated not only the building Of
new plants but the thorough reconstruction of
old factories. The share of the new types of
machinery in the total output of the machine
building industry in 1881 amounted to over rs
per cent, as compared with per cent in 1880.
The transition to new types of agricultural
machinery (tractor drawn has proceeded at an
even more rapid pace The share of such equip
ment in the total output of agricultural ma
chinery was scheduled by the Ffve-Year Plan
to reach 25 per cent in 1928 Last year it had
Y,ar cnrf and tI,a
for 1882 is rs per cent. BY the end of 1881 the
total output of tractor-drawn machinery totaied
378 million rrbles $l95 million), or 80 per cent
in excess Of he Plan for five years Among the
most important tractor-drawn machines manu-
featured in 1881 were: combines windrowers
plck-ups. grain seeders, threshers and binders,
cotton seeders and harvesters haymokers, and
beet-diggers.
In 1881 the production Of tractors and auto
mobiles, which only within the last few years has
begun to take on commercial proportions, was
about triple that Of 1890 The number Of auto
mobiles manufactured rose from $500 to 2o5oo;
tractors from $4,000 d2500o hp) to 41ooo
$4,000 hp).
The large-scale production of complicated
equipment for power plants is also new devel-
opment. Generators driven by steam and hy-
drauhc turbines were not manufactured at all
prior to 1924. In 1881 steam turbo-generators up
TO 10000 kilowatt capacity were produced In
1880 the capacity Of turbines manufactured
amounted to 283,000 XIV. and in 1881 to $4,000
XIV. This latter figure was more than double
the schedule set by the Five-Year Plan for the
third year 100000 kw). In 1881 the manufac-
ture of $4,000 hp. generators for Dneptrostroy
was commenced. Electric equipment of all kinds
is now being produced including high-voltage
cables and transformers, large motors, etc.
New equipment for the inetallurgical, mining
coal, and oil industries was manufactured in
considerable quantities. In 1918 steam boilers
were manufactured to total of only 10000
square meters. In 1880 their output reached
10000 square meters and last year 2o7,000
The Five-Year Plan schedule for the third year
was $4,000 square meters In 1881 Soviet in
ductries constructed the first two blooming mills
and four casting machines. Other equipment
manufactured for the first time in 1890 or 1881
included pipe stills, cracking equipment, concen-
trating equipment, and many types of tools and
Instruments Machine tools we're manufactured
last year to value Of SIS million rubles, as conf
pared with 8.9 million rubles in 1928-29 and 3.3
million rubleS In 1913; hand tools and instru-
ments were produced to value Of I'll million
rubles, as against 1871 million In 1880. The out
put of high-grade cutting and measuring tools
and instruments increased by 100 per cent GIT
million rubles in 1884, as against l5.9 million in
$780, Two new tool plants, with a combined
production capacity of 10 million rubles, will
start operations in Moscow this year.
New equipment manufactured for transporta-
and dump cars. The production of machinery