Evening star., 1932-06-22
Hoover Text
President Makes Five Pro.
posals as Basis for Future
World Peace.
Continued From First Page }

confidence throughout the world.
We can still remain practical ir
maintaining an adequate self-defense
among all nations; We can add to
the assurances of peace and yet save
the people Of the world from 10 TO
Is billions of wasted dollars during
the next 10 years.
Proposals Made.
Il propose that the following prin-
ciples should be our guide:
First. The Kellogg BRAND pact,
to which We are all signatories. can
only mean that the nations of the
world have agreed that they will
use their arms solely for defense.
Second. This reduction should
be carried out not only by broad
general cuts in armaments, but bv
increasing the comparative power Of
defense through decreases in the
power of attack.
Third. The armaments OF the
world have grown up in general mu-
tual relation to each other. And.
speaking generally, such relativity
should be preserved in making re-
ductions
Fourth. The reductions must be
real and positive They must effect
economic relief.
Fifth. There are three problems
to deal wfth-land forces. air forces
and naval forces. They are all in
terconnected. No part of the pro-
posals which I maks can be disasso-
ciated one from the other.
One third Reduction Asked.
Based on these principles. pro-
pose that the arms of the world
should be reduced by nearly one
third.
Land Forces-In order to reduce
the offensive character of all land
forces. as distinguished from their
defensive character, / propose the
adoption of the presentation already
made at the Geneva Conference for
the abolition of all tanks. all chem
cal warfare and all large mobile
guns. This would not prevent the
establishment or increase of fixed
Notifications of any character for
the defense Of frontiers and sea-
coasts. 1t would give an increased
relative strength to such defenses
as compared with the attack.
Il propose. Furthermore. that there
should be a reduction of one-third
in strength of all land armies over
and above the so-called police. COM
pOnent.
Favors "PoIice Component"
"The land ornaments of manv
nations are considered to have two
functions. One is the maintenance
OF internal order in connection with
the regular peace forces of the
country. The strength required for
this purpose has been called the
police component The other func-
tion is defense against foreign at
tack. The additional strength re-
quired for this purpose has been
called the defense component
While it is not suggested that these
different cOmponentS should be
separated. it is necessary to con-
slider this contention as to functions
in proposing practical plan of re-
duction in land forces. Under the
treaty of Versailles and the other
peace treaties, the armies of Ger
many, Austria, Hungary and Bull
garia were reduced to a size deemed
appropriate for the maintenance of
internal order, Germany being as
signed 100000 troops for a popula-
tion OF approximately $4,000, 600
people. I propose that We should
accept for all nations basis police
component of soldiers proportiouate
to the average which was thus al
lowed Germany and these other
states This formula, with neces-
sary corrections for powers having
colonial possessions. should be suf-
ficient to provide for the mainte-
nance of internal order by the ma
tions OF the world. Having analyzed
these two components in this fash
Ion, 1 propose, as stated above, that
there should be reduction of one
third in the strength of all land
armies over and above the police
component.
Bans Bombing Planes,
"Air forces-All bombing planes tn
be abolished. This will do awav
with the military possessions of types
OF planes capable of attacks lir,on
civil populations and should be
coupled with the total prohibition Of
all bombardment from the air.
Naval forces-I propose that the
treaty number and tonnage Of bat
tleships shall be reduced by one
third; that the treaty tonnage of
aircraft carriers. cruisers and de-
stroyers shall be recuced by one
fourth; that the treaty tonnaes Of
submarines shall be reduced by one
third, and that no nation shall re-
tain a submarine tonnage greater
than $4,000
THE relative strength Of naval
arms in battleships and aircraft car
riers. as between the five leading
naval powers, was fixe,. by the
treaty of washington. The relative
strength in cruisers, destroyers ana
submarines was fixed, q between
the United States, Great Britain and
Japan, BY the treaty Of London. For
the purposes OF this proposal. it ia
suggested that the French and ItAl-
ian strength In cruisers and DESTROY
ers be calculated as though they had
Joined In the treaty of London on
the basis approximating the So
called accord of Marct |. 1881.
There are various technical consid.
erations connected with these naval
discussions which will be presented
by the delegation.
Declared Folly" to Go On
"0eneral-The effect of this plan
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