davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1932-05-22
GARDEN NOTES

Dandelion eradication is not an easy
task and one that more or less taxes
the patience Of gardeners, because If
only the upper portion of the crown IS
cut off several buds will push forth
actually to give rise TO more plants
than existed in the beginning, Thus it
becomes necessary to lift the main root
as well as the top. Some years ago
several experiments were conducted at
certain of the agricultural stations upon
the value of iron sulphate spray as
means of eradicating dandelions. The
results were promising. but somehow or
other the practice never developed to a
practical extent The dandelion is one
weed that scarcely can be controlled
in the lawn by feeding the grass as 1t
will monopolize the applied nutrients
and tend to smother the grass.
Danger of frost now Is virtually past
and tender ff-Wers and vegetables may
be planted safely out in the open.
Those who planted early gained but
little. because hot-Weather species. such
as tomatoes, simply will not thrive
without adequate heat. After all. there
is a plentiful supply of vegetables for
most all seasons and no particular OBJ
ject in attempting to advance the sea-
son in this locality with its long
growing ptlH
The pink -fiowered dogwoods that are
to be seen here and there about the
city are not botanically distinct from
the white-foWered form, but have re-
suited from chance variations found in
the wild The pink-flowered dogwoods
offered by the nurseries for planting
have been developed by budding the
pink form on seedlings of the ordinary
white variety Because Of its singular
beauty it is almost too bad that the
pink dogwcod is not of more frequent
occurrence in the wild.
Concerning the destruction Of wild
flowers such as dogwood, one practical
horticulturist has suggested that the
more sensible plan is to learn how to
propagate them quickly rather than to
worry too much about their destruc-
ton. For example, much has been
learned in recent years about holly
propagation. Nurserymen have learned
how to propagate it from cuttings
Certainly no plant as beautiful and use
ful as either holly or dogwood is going
to be allowed to perish if young plants
are made available at moderate cost.
Evening star., 1932-05-22
DISBUDDINC

What gardener has not marveled at
and envied the wonderful long stems
and superb blooms on greenhouse
grown roses. Although a great deal Of
this successful growth Is due to culture,
the foundation Is disbudding. Early in
the development Of the Towering shoots
the florist begins to pinch out side
branches, thus favoring the terminal
bud. with the result that one immense
bloom develops on single stem. These
long-Stemmed flowers sell for price
in excess of several small blooms on
short stems. The same procedure that
is followed in the greenhouse may be
employed in the home garden with
roses. peonies, asters, dahlias and chIys-
anthemum. In fact, many of our local
gardeners do practice disbudding, espe-
cially those gardeners who are inter-
ested in competing in flower shows or
who are producing blooms for sale
Obviously disbudding greatly reduces
the aggregate number OF blooms per
plant, but this loss may be offset easily
by growing more plants. If disbudding
is begun early the wounds heal so COM
pletely that one scarcely can see where
the side shoots were pinched off The
first bud, or terminal bud, usually is
saved, because 1t is generally the strong
est and also is placed better
Disbudding would destroy the natural
beauty of iris. gladioluS and various or
namental shrubs. To some gardeners,
disbudding Of any Towering plant Is
not desirable, but for those who are
desirous of competing in the flower
shows. disbudding offers a most favor
able path to success.
Evening star., 1932-05-22
THE HOME GARDENER
for the
PIONEERING CRABS

There are many species of Towering
crabapples. some of which are quite as
beautiful as the Towering cherries, and,
since their season Is generally little
later. they may be used to lengthen the
season of beauty Many OF the orna-
mental crabapples were introduced into
this country from Northern China and
Northern Europe. but one OF the most
beautiful horticultural forms, known as
Bechtels double Towering crab, was
found growing wild in our Central
States. It's botanical name, Pyrlls
ioensis, would suggest Iowa as its native
home This is gorgeous species which,
when well grown, is an ornament 10
any home IF the trees are pruned ana
fertilized they stay beautiful for many
years. but can become rather mediocre If
neglected. In the latter case, the flow
er buds often fail to open properly and
present brown appearance.
Bechtel's crab has some faults, notably
a tendency to throw up suckers from
its root and q strong susceptibility to
cedar rust disease, but. on the other
hand, has the compensating qualities OF
regular annual and heavy blooming, 50
that the tree is literally mass of shell
pink blooms resembling small roses.
Like many of the better ornamentals,
the young trees are rarely found on bar
gain counters but are worth their high
er cost.
Evening star., 1932-05-22
American Gold Star
Mothers

The American Gold Star Mothers met
at headquarters in the Hamilton Hotel
last Tuesday, Mrs. Margaret E. War
field, third vice president, in the chair
Improvement in the condition of Ma
tional President Mrs. George Gordon
Seibold was reported.
Mrs Georgia A. Deane as an active
member ard Mr.. Deene in an honorary
capacity were declared ineligible to
membership, because the relationship
of their son was found to be that of
had reared and loved this boy since
mere infant this action was necessary
because Of the unalterable requirement
that one must be the blood mother to
be eligible for membership in this or
ganiZation.
Action was taken to unifrom the
colorbearers in white capes and caps
lined with gold silk and embroidered
with the emblem of the order, a five
point star. These will be worn for the
first time on Memorial day.
The Mothers will have charge of the
decoration of the memorial trees on
Sixteenth street and will be assisted by
a troop of Girl Scouts A flag and a
puppy Will De JidCeu az LIlc IOOb VI cdCH
tree, the poppieS being the gift Of the
American Legion AuxiliarieS.
Preparations are being made for the
Flag day parade the night of June IA,
when it is planned by the Mothers to
enter in the assemblage the flags that
draped the caskets of their sons and
are now treasured as memorials. This
display will be electrically lighted A
banner bearing this inscription will
precede the unit carried by two Boy
! Scouts:
Lift your hat and bow your head
Passing are the flags of the World War
Dead.
Each draped the casket Of a gallant son
| Who paid full price for the victory won
| So lift your hat and bow your head
Passing are the flags of the World War
Dead"
The organization will also enter a
| float and a band will be detailed them
by the District Of Columbia Bicenten-
Evening star., 1932-05-22
INSECT PESTS

Cut worms are about the first pest
to appear in the garden as they Winter
over in the soil or under rubbish and
are awaiting the first tender young
plants as a source of food There are
several different species of cut worms
but to the home gardener they are ali
a nuisance What home gardener has
not found a tender flower or vegetable
plant just starting its growth cut of at
the bCse quite as completely as If cut
with knife Usually by digging in the
soil near the base of the plant one can
find the worm. but 1t is then too much
like locking the door after the horse
has disappeared. Better vet is to an
ticipate further cut worm trouble by
scattering a little poisoned bran mash
along the rows in the early evening
The cut worms feed at night and one
can cover the mash in the day If there
is any danger of harming birds. Usually,
however the bran is scattered in such
small amounts as not to attract birds.
A quart Of bran and a tablespoon of
white arsenic or Of Paris green thor
oughly mixed and wet with sweetened
water to a spongy texture is the mate
rial Cut worms feed readily on the
mixture and are DESTROYED before they
can injure the garden plants.
Aphids rapidly increase on roses
spiraea and other plants at this sea-
son while the new growth Is soft and
succulent. The garden supply houses
have several remedies for aphids
However none is better than the
tobacco extract known as nicotine
sulphate This material, diluted as
per directions on the bottle and
sprayed on the aphids, is certain death.
Often a little additional soap is ad-
vantageouS as it helps to free the
active nicotine and to spread the
liquid over the foliage. One spraying
will kill the current crop of aphids
but must be followed later with other
sprays if the aphids reappear. Ants
actually carry the sphids to the tender
foliage and are thus potent factor
in aphid distribution. 1t is case,
however, of being easier to fight the
aphids than the ants.
Ants themselves are an insidious
pest in the lawn and garden. Carbon
disulphide is a fairly successful means
of control, if placed in the ant nests.
This chemical is an evil smelling
liquid, poisonous by virtue Of its
Evening star., 1932-05-22

Teale. e. w The Book of Gliders.
1880. SIP .T22.
Particularly good for the chapters on
famous flights and pilots, although de-
tailed information is included on flying
technique and glider construction.
White. Percival Gliding and Soaring.
1881. SIP. VISIT
"An introduction tn mOtOrleSS flight y
Evening star., 1932-05-22

nial Commission. The flags viii be borne
by a detachment Of service men.
Many Of the Mothers participated
May IS in the services at the Tsmb
Of the Unknown Soldier, when a flag
Of the Ce-m1n-A Austrian Veterans was
dedicated and tribute placed by said
order.
Austrian Minister Edgar L. G.
Proclnik, E. E. and M P, and Nine.
Pro hrik entertained Wednesday at a
tea in honor OF these veterans at
the legation on Massachusetts, avenue.
The following mothers attended Mrs.
w. J. Seelye, Mrs. Catherine L. Hood,
Mrs. Fannie Meeks, Mrs. Harry Leonard
Hurley. Mrs. Eugene S. Bruce, Mrs. Della
Barber Mrs. Roberta E. Jacobs, Mrs.
Carrie J. s,earl, Mrs. Josephine Talks
and Mrs. E. NJ. H. Guedry.
A committee composed of Mrs. Mary
K. Killeen, Mrs. r. E. Jacobs, Mrs.
Della Barber and Mrs. E. NJ. H. Guedry
last Wednesday evening attended the
final session of the Grand Army Of the
Republic Memorial Day Corporation,
Department of the Potomac. to COM
plete plans for Memorial day.
A special meeting will be held at the
nome OF Acting ETeSlQent MIS-. MARY
K. Killeen, 3l17 N street, May "a at 8
pm. Other activities include Massing
Of the colors, May 29 at 3 pm. at the
Monument, under the auspices of the
Military Order Of the World War. A
delegation will report May 80 to Grand
Marshal Charles w. McCaffrey with
the organization colors to march in the
parade starting from Ninth street and
Pennsylvania avenue at $50 am; then
by auto to Arlington. where they will
occupy a box for the annual Me-
mortal day services. Founders day will
be celebrated by party at the home OF
Mrs. Mary K. Killeen, June 4 at 8
pm. The committee in charge of ar
| rangements consists of Mrs. Catherine
! L. Hood, Mrs. Margaret E. Warfleld and
Mrs. Della Barber, under the chair
manship of Mrs. Eugene S. Bruce.
/ New members enrolled were Mrs.
! Margaret Carpenter of Mississippi,
mother of Charlie Carpenter, killed in
/ action while serving with the 83d Com
pany, 9Th Regiment of Marines, and
/ Mrs Mary Ann Hadfield Of Rhode
Island. mother of Joseph Edward Had
field, killed in action while attached 10
Company C, I'd F. S. Battalion.
| The next regular meeting will be
! June 7.
Evening star., 1932-05-22
THE GARDEN CLUBS

Judging by the number of flower
shows, the local garden clubs are hav-
ing very busy Spring season and will
richly deserve the Summer respite in
activities that shortly follows Many
of the clubs slow down during the Sum-
mer, the Takoma Horticultural Club.
for example. holding its last regular
meeting until September tomorrow eve
ming The plan of slowing down in
Summer is followed partly because
many of the members are away. partly
because Of the heat but perhaps most
OF all because following the period
of many flower shows, interest tends to
lag for the time being. To those who
admire flowers, the exhibitions staged
by the various garden clubs are a great
pleasure. Washington and its vicinity
seems to be a favored district as re-
CARDS number and variety of flower
displays. These fine exhibitions are
both a credit to the clubs staging the
shows and to the community as a
whole
The Bethesda Community Garden
Club will hold its next meeting on
Wednesday. May 25, at 1890 am. at
the Battery Park Club House Clifton
Shannon of Guide Bros will be the
guest speaker, giving an illustrated talk
on flower arrangements. This subject
is especially opportune, coming when
plans are to be completed for the flower
show to be held on June l from to
pm. at the Battery Park Community
House Mrs P. c. Alexander, presi-
dent of the Garden Club has an
nounced the Flower Show Committee
as follows: Mrs. William E. Lee, Mrs.
Louis A. Gravelle, Mrs. Elijah Anthony.
Mrs George F.. Hane. Mrs. J. E. Moran,
Mrs. Ray Brown, Mrs. r. B. LOCKER,
Mrs B T. Elmore. Mrs. j. Wilbur
Green, Mrs. Robert Bondy, Mrs. T H.
Macdonald and Mrs. Ford E. Young
A large number of classes have been
arranged, open TO all amateur gar
deners The show is open to the public
A feature of the exhibit is a junior
show with classes for flower arrange
ments, garden accessories and dish gar
dens. HoStesses at the meeting of the
club on Wednesday will be Mrs. T.
Hardy Todd, Mrs. E. V. Pugh, Mrs. A.
H. Won Thaden and Mrs. E. H. Hart
nett.
The Community Garden Club of Rock
VILE met May l3 at the home of Mrs
Lawson King. near Gaithersburg, with
Mrs. G. w Groxell assisting. Routine
reports of the various committees were
given and the meeting was given over
to a discussion of the plans for the
flower show which the club expects to
hold on June g. Mrs. l.. L. Nicholson
is to head the committee upon arrange
ments, with Mrs. George Hane, Mrs.
George Ninas, Mrs. Lawson King and
Mrs. B. @. Elmore assisting. Members
of other garden clubs are invited to
participate and make entries. The club
Is planning pilgrimage to the garden
Evening star., 1932-05-22

strong fumes given of in evar ration.
It has little hazard to humans, except
in confined places and no hazard at
all in ant treatment out OF doors IL
one keeps lighted flames away from
the operation A stick should be thrust
into the ant hill, a spoonful or two OF
the liquid poured in and the hole
closed with a little soil. The fumes
will exterminate the colony. Carbon
disulphide iniures plants and should
not be used on hills close to valuable
plants, but when used as suggested
will not harm the grass to any ap-
preciable extent.
For ants in the home, certain poisons
such as sodium fiuoride mixed with
powdered sugar are highly effective
The ants get the poison, carry 1t to
the nest and poison the whole colony
Ants may be seen on peony BUDS a
little later. Apparently they do no
harm to the blooms out are gathering
a sweet secretion from the buds.
Evening star., 1932-05-22

Of Horace McFarlane. president Of the
American Rose Society, in Harrisburg
Pa. In July the club expects to visit
the water lilies of w. B. Shaw at Kenil-
worth, D. c. The next meeting OF the
Community Garden Club will be held
at the home of Mrs. L. L. Nicholson,
near Rockville, Tuesday.
Mrs. Edgar Rogers, corresponding
secretary of the Neighborhood Garden
Club of Gaithersburg and Washington
Grove, Md, reports the club met at the
firehouse May 18 l. N. Anderson gave
an illustrated lecture on rock gardens
and perennials.
Evening star., 1932-05-22

les who are attracted to the dynamical
aspect Of aviation"
AIRPoRTS AND AIRWAYs.
Black. Archibald. Civil Airports and
Airways. 1929. SIR B563c.
Articles by experts in airport con-
struction and equipment.
Duke. D. G.. Airports and Airways;
Cost, Operation and Maintenance.
1927 SIR D884.
A subject of growing Importance
treated in a comprehensive manner.
Hanks, S. S. International Airports
1929. SIR. H 10.
Descriptions of European airports
suggestive of ways in which the United
States can profit by the experience Of
other countries.
Hubbard, H. " and others. Airports.
1880. SIR H86.
Carefully analyzed information on
existing airports for towns which must
meet the problem of establishing one
in the near future.
Evening star., 1932-05-22
PUBLIC LIBRARY
AVIATION.

In connection with the seasonal in
terest in aviation the Technology Di-
vision at the central building Of the
Public Library presents the following
list of books on three popular phases
of aeronautics. The books listed rep
resent only a small part of the library's
collection in this field A visit to the
Technology Division is suggested for
those interested in obtaining reading
matter on aviation for home use.
Evening star., 1932-05-22
FARM AND GARDEN.
LANDSCAPING

Intelligent planning and plant
ing by experts insure PERMA-
NENT SATISFACTION. Let us
design and do your entire land
scaping.
We build ROCKERIES and LILY
POOLS. Sodding, Seeding, Lawns
R m d e, Spraying, Trimming,
Transplanting, Soil Rehabilitation.
Estimates without Charge or Obligation
The Washington times., 1932-06-20
c. & D. INCOME
GUT FOR MAY

The gross revenue, net railway
operating incom and net income
of the Chesapeake and Ohio Rail
way Company, together with oper-
ating ratio, are shown in the
statement of operations for May
made tt the Interstate Commerce
Commission.
Gross revenues for the month
were $7,588,624, a decrease of
$2,804,079 under May of last year;
operating expenses were $4,302,-
815, a decrease of $1,867,673 as
compared with May of last year;
net railway operating income was
$2,263, ,072, a decrease of $1,020,-
846 under May of last year.
The net income after all
charges, including sinking fund
appropriation for the month of
May, was $685. ,507, a decrease OF
$950,401 under May of last year.
For the five months ended May
-, the Chesapeake and Ohio
shows gross revenues of $685.
696, a decrease of $9,315, ,304;
operating expenses were $23,51O,-
100, a decrease of $3,389,124; net
railway operating income was SILL
529,844, a decrease of $832, ,778.
Net income after all charges, in
Guiding sinking fund appropria-
ton, is $7,750,256, a decrease of
81 1902, ,729 compared with same
period of 1881.
The Washington times., 1932-06-20
Parallel in 2 War
DepresSiOnS Found

If the amazing similarity be-
tween price declines during the
first thirteen years following the
World War and the Civil War
is an indication that the parallel
in price trends will continue, the
present drop IN prices is only one
step in a 33-year period of read
justment, according to the cur
rent Business Conditions Weekly
of the Alexander Hamilton Insti-
tute.
The rapid decline of prices
during the current depression,
however, is so much ahead of
schedule that a reasonably rapid
firming of prices, preceded by an
increase in business activity, is
held not unlikely. After the
Civil War;, the commodity price
index, based on 1925 as 100, de-
clined from a peak of 154.1 in
1864 to a low of $50 in 1897.
The Washington times., 1932-06-20
COTTON TRADE
STEADY AND
ACTIVE

NEW YORK, June 20 G.N.SO.
Cotton futures maintained q
steady tone today as grains staged
a sharp advance and security
markets generally displayed firm
ness. -
Trading was fairly active, with
good deal of July liquidation
being taken up by spot firms
and short covering. Wall Street
and commission houses bought in
a moderate way. Some buying
orders came from the trade. A
good part of the selling was ac'
counted for by professional trad
ers and New Orleans. Brokers
with Far Eastern connections sold
on a small scale.
Business in spot cotton con-
tinues small. and the reports from
the 10 designated Southern mar.
kets indicating a turnover of
about 10000 bales for the week,
against 10000 the previous week
and 10000 a year ago, were not
favorable.
Futures around noon were up
2 to points. July was 10 4 at
SIG. October up 4 at Sal. De-
cember up 2 at 5.54. January up
5 at 5.65. March up 3 at 5.79
and May up 5 at 5.96.
The Washington times., 1932-06-20
LIFE INSURANCE
IA BILLIONS

Legal reserve life insurance
companies had $114,596, ,720,723
life insurance in force at the end
of 1881, according to the 1882
Digest, just published by the
National Underwater Co., Cincin-
natl, Ohio, insurance publishers.
Life insurance premiums totaled
$3,902,386,618 in 1881. OF this
$2,530,281,029 were renewal pre-
miums.
Americans invested in $19,817,-
494, ,437 in new life insurance last
year, making new premium de-
posits of $568, ,430,970.
That the legal reserve life in
Surance companies have strong
financial background is shown by
their $21, ,370,800,087 in admitted
assets at the end of 1881, gain of
$1,354, 1858, ,760 over 1890. Unas-
signed funds totaled $718,183,377
at the end of 1881 and the con-
tingency surplus fund was $473,-
116,35O.
OF the total insurance in force,
$S5, 1866, ,786,804 is ordinary life
insurance, $10,567, ,761,34O group
insurance and $18,162,181,579 in
duStrial.
The Washington times., 1932-06-20
NeW York City Bank
Stocks Rule SteQdu

New York City bank stocks held
steady during the past week, based
upon the averages compiled by
Holt, Rose & TroSter. The ag-
gregate value of Is leading New
York City bank stocks at the June
II closing prices was $1,O83, ,552,-
600, against an aggregate value
of $1,096 6,236,000 on June 10 and
1929, ,895, 900 reported on May 81.
The average yield of the Is
stocks on June II was 11.36 per
cent, which compared with an
average yield of 11.23 per cent re-
corded at the close Of the pre-
viouS week.
The Washington times., 1932-06-20
SMALL RALLIES
FAIL IN DULL
SESSION
By LESLIE GOULD

NEW YORK, June 20 Q.N.S).
The stock market worked lazily
higher in one Of the dullest ses-
sions Of the year today.
Price changes were largely un-
important, leaders being unable
to hold early gains Of l to more
than 2 points. The speculative
community was In q more cheer
3ll frame of mind, due to fur.
ther strength in the dollar and
the better tone of commodities
Few Buying Orders
This was not translated into
buying orders. however, and the
market dragged along with the
ticker making long pauses be-
tween quotations.
There were a few flurrieS in
the forenoon. Auburn ran up
more than 4 points from its low,
after an opening dip, but slipped
back near Saturdays close later.
Rail stocks were. taken in hand
and leaders put up about a point
apiece, but this likewise failed to
attract following.
B. M. T. showed strength de-
spite expectation that today's d.
rectors' meeting would result in
the elimination of the common
dividend and its preferred was
nearly 3 points higher at one
time. Here, too, however, gains
were not maintained.
The dollar displayed new
strength with sterling falling to
the lowest levels in three months.
Most Gains Soon Lost
U. S. Steel common and pre-
ferred gained sizeable fractions,
ignoring lack Of improvement in
reports from the industry. Amer
ican Telephone was sluggish.
Specialties like Air Reduction,
Allied Chemical, American To
bacco B and Eastman Kodak
rose / to 2 points each but lost
part of this in the early after
noon.
Strength in wheat lifted the
mail order and farm implement
shares with Case Threshing and
Sears Roebuck setting the pace.
Utilities worked higher under the
leadership Of Consolidated Gas.
Oils marked time awaiting deci-
sion on whether crude prices
would be increased in California.
The Washington times., 1932-06-20
GRAINS STRONG
WITH WHEAT

CHICAGO, June 20 G.N.SD.-
Strong cables and excessive rains
damaging wheat in the Southwest
inspired active buying today.
Opening prices were 70 to IA
cents higher and further gains
were recorded. Near noon values
were l1s to ~ cents higher.
Other grains scored advances OF
% to 1 cent in sympathy with
wheat.
Extremely beariSh wheat Senti-
ment evaporated before the open
ing this morning. Gables were
substantially higher than due,
with Liverpool ~ to 12s pence up.
The local pit was overSold after
the severe decline last week, and
shorts were active buyers in the
early trade.
Liverpool reported importers ap-
peared concerned over nearby re-
quirements. World shipments Of
only 1888, 900 bushels, with pres
ent moderate on-paSSage supplies
causing concern abroad.
Estimated carlot receipts here
were: Wheat, %; corn, 81, and
oats. 48.