davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1932-06-12
China Buying Whe0t

CHINA seems to give some promise of being
"a factor in returning prosperity to the
American farmer. The wheat farmer, whose
bumper crops brought about a serious situation
SO far as income was concerned, has found In
the Chinese customer even more valuable
than Great Britain formerly was For the first
10 months of this fiscal year, China purchased
q, 500 600 bushels of wheat, which was $780,
GOO bushels more than Britain imported from
the United States. The outbound movement of
wheat was nearly 10000, 900 bushels greater
this year than last and the short crops IN
some exporting countries give promise of even
greater sales.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1932-06-12
Strange Relationship

glory to the sweet potato. yet these two plants
are related They both belong to the family of
plants known as the convoivulus to which also
belong the bane of all farmers. the bindweed.
The wild morning glory is far harder than the
cultivated types and stays in bloom longer It
even blooms at night when the moon is bright
and is much favored by moths when open at
night
The Wild type Is sometimes called hedge
bindweed and also ladies' night cap. It is
found as far South North Carolina and as
far West as Nebraska. Its blooming period lasts
from June to August
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1932-06-12
EmeraM Seldom F1aqgless

HE emerald, beautiful it Is and costly, is
seldom found without flaw Like beryl
in every respect except the beautiful velvety
green which gives it its value, the gem is found
principally in Colombia, where the stones are
found in veins Of slate and granite. Other
good stones are found in Venezuela, while
poorer gems are found in the mines at Salz-
burg and the Ural Mountains, while the old
mines of Egypt also produce some of inferior
quality.
Historians declare that Nero who was near
sighted, had glasses made Of emerald through
which he watched the efforts of the gladiatorS
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1932-06-12

timely serious candidate against you in
the nominating endeavorS of your party
in any State, no matter whether those
endeavors be grimed by the name of
conventions or graced by the name of
primaries.
If, however, you are not already Presi-
dent, your instant objective remains
identical, though much more arduouS.
In all States-in all 4S- if the car fare
can be spread out that thin, or thick
you must cultivate "the boys"
Which is the same thing as saying that
in order to arrive in political Office you
must cultivate those sovereign citizens
who are actually interested in politics.
Too bad.
You are now really in tough luck. You
have to keep three balls in the air all
the time:
One-You have to cultivate the prom
inent citizens" who despise "the boys"
and distrust "the people" and who pro-
vide car fare for the scouts and mimeo-
graphs for thu ts.rss agent.
Two-You have to cultivate "the boys"
who rail at the prominent citizens and
jeer at 1.-THE people" and who with dol
lars from the former and votes from
the latter produce the election results.
Three-You have to cultivate-in some
degree-after an-"the people" them
selves, who suspect the prominent citi-
zens' and loathe "the boys" and who
have to be induced, some of them, to
be against your rivals and for YOU
RALL one can be called plutocratic gov
eminent. Ball two can be called pro-
fessional political government. Ball three
can be called popular democratic gov
eminent.
The error of the fanatic is that he
thinks we have one of these govern
ments. We have all three
Now, as presidential aspirant, as your
sophistication increases, you begin to ap-
peal comprehenSively to all three gov
ernments through your scouts and your
publicity.
Publicity" is thought by the ignorant
to consist of putting things into the
newspapers" All the really valuable part
of it consists, contrariwise, in doing
things and saying things (helpful to
yourself) which the newspaper reporters
and the "publicists''- the publish
ers-fnd so interesting that they will put
them into their newspapers by their own
exertions. Such things will automati-
cally reach "the people" and the conse-
quent talk among "the people" will duly
impress "the boys" and even the "proni-
nent citizens" and the work Of your
scouts among "the boys" and the "promi-
nent citizens" will be accelerated
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1932-06-12
audacity Of the thought! To Harding!

audacity Of the thought! To Harding!
Then some Of the same master minds"
of that convention, observing that their
easy suggestion of Harding for President
had been accepted, began really to think
themselves controllers" and suggested
Lenroot for Vice President. The conven-
ton instantly voted for Coolidge.
The real controllers of a nomination
convention are no little group of "om-
nipotent managers" in smoke filled
back ROOM" They are a multiplicity
of local professional politicians operating
under pressures of business sentiment
and of popular sentiment set in motion
back home by the candidates or the
friends of the candidates
You are at first bewildered by this
multiplicity You are sitting majestically
in your house or in your hotel room. 1t
is reported to you that your delegates
are holding fast. It is reported to you
that all the delegates of your rivals are
also holding fast. You learn that friends
of your rivals are talking to your dele
gates. Trades are being offered and deals
are being contrived What are these
trades and deals?
They are the groupings of a multi
plicity of minds down the dark ladder
from the candidate who has the most
delegates, but can't attract enough to the
candidate who has next most, but also
possibly can't attract enough, and so on,
downer ard downer, till at last, perhaps,
you are reached in a stable SO dark that
your hue is almost invisible and the
wearied delegates in their talks III the
aisles have begun to mutter about hurl-
ing the saddle OF the nomination on you
even you, and that night a great
boss" possessed OF long ear, says to
a reporter:
It's Squibbs''
And, next morning, it is.
great boss" at a national Nominal
ton convention is a vigilant man who at
O'Clock in the morning can guess fairly
accurately what the delegates will do
when they wake up at g.
And a realistic compromise candidate,
when he learns that he has been nOrni-
mated, will remark, as Harding did re-
mark:
Il feel as if had drawn three aces to
a pair of sevens."
In sum:
An American presidential nominal
is the incalcuable resultant OF con-
Trajectory forces, plutocratic, profess
sional, popular, agitated into existence
by scouts who are usually gifts to you
and crystaIliZed into an amaigam by
delegates who are usually enign1as to
you.
1t is a process wholly transcending any
one will and wholly transcending any
one force. 1t transcends you. It tram
sends the people
You, nevertheless, within month, will
be looking in the glass and Napoleoni-
cally thinking:
The people and l."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1932-06-12

approval and your scouts may have con-
WINGED the boys of the existence Of
this approval and "the boys" may have
gone over to you, irrespective of the
prominent citizens" and you may have
got delegates that seem to indicate a
popular revolt on your behalf.
You go into the national nomination
convention, then, with delegates, usually,
of many sorts. Your rivals similarly
have delegates of many sorts. The con-
test must be composed. The decision
must be reached. The newspaper report
ers, therefore, must begin to write arti-
cles about master minds" and secret
conclaves" and who the candidate is who
will be put over by the insiders who con-
troll the convention.
Such writings are mainly tOSh. The
So-called insiders in a national nomi-
nation convention are merely the agents,
and not the controllers" of our inter-
twined triad of governments. They often
merely register what has already been
accomplished back in the States by your
scouts.
Consider the outcomeS of four years
ago. What Republican presidential as
pirant had possessed the largest number
of jealous and tireless and hero-worship-
ing scouts? Hoover by tremendous
margin And what Democratic presi-
Dental aspirant had possessed the 1arg-
est number of similar scouts? Smith,
and again by tremendous margin. In
both nomination conventions there were
insiders who ragged and roared against
the apparent consequences At Kansas
City they were going to stop" Hoover.
At Houston they were going to stop"
Smith. They didn't. They couldn't. The
scouts had done their work too we'll
OR consider the Republican outcome
of 1920. That outcome was adver-
tised to the country as the supreme class
ical instance of control But what were
the facts?
In that year the Republican aspirants
who had possessed the largest number of
scouts were Wood and Lowden. They
accordingly had-in the convention
the largest numbers OF delegates. Con
trollers" tried to switch" delegates from
Wood to Lowden or from Lowden to Wood
to produce a majority. They failed ut
terly.
There was third presidential aspirant
named Harding. He had Possessed the
third largest number of scouts. At the
moment he had the third largest num-
Der of delegates in the convention. The
Controllers" the insiders" the master
minds" decided to see if Wood and Low
den delegates could be switched" TO-
whom? Observe the immensely and the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1932-06-12

VET even this system, so economical
of effort for the sovereign citizen, has
not made him really lin the intended
sense) sovereign. There are two reasons.
In the first place, he is still operating
through delegates. He has got rid of
delegates to State convention, but he is
still using delegates to national con-
vention. These national convention dele
gates have demonstrated repeatedly that
they can regard their instructions from
the party voters only as they would re-
gard instructions from State conven-
tons: namely, as springboards from
which to leap into the national conven-
tons swimming pool of water polo
trades and deals. Hence the demand
by some advanced thinkers that the
national conventions, too, be abolished
and that the presidential nominees be
named really directly, without the inter-
position of any delegates whatsoever, by
the party voters with their own uncor-
rupted pencils)
The second reason why the "presi-
Dental primary" and the presidential
preference primary" have not borne all
the fruits expected of them is that the
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-05-09
9 SHOT DOWN AS POLICE LINE Up JOBLESS IN
CHICAGO SUBURB FOR MACHINE GUN MASSACRE
Organize to Smash This
Murder Terror Against
Workers!

zOSE PARK has its unity of police gangeTs and gonnareS
w unity
Mo Park takes its place with Dearborn the
OF unaxned workers
baiivdck Henry the American
mlonares. of
their
Friday Chicago
Meose
RED out with mderous frenzy exceeding that of the Ford
massacre.
company eg1onnares co-opeated
boody meeting brutality
attack pvocatonthe arbitrary
Of the hall by police The attack All evidence
firms
gun
revolver fire in the hands of mercenary murderers.
The police and their angers American allies constituted
themselves exectners workers
that of meeting protest and demonstration
The machnegm shootngs with
oded fascist ~ that has marked the murders around
Chicago elsewhere
police
ing class has been
for the capitalist
clearly bloody purposes of the
police, gangster and American Legion alliance
against all workers organizing and fighting against
cutting starvation and suppression through
United
pointed developed democracy
there pogroms against working
With praises for American capitalist democracy
with
apply with special force to the United States
The Communist Party members sharp
ruthless leadership
workers. Chicago its
duty throwing all possible organizing working
defense against mWderous
drive directed against terrorism and suppression
movement struggle against mperast hunger
of the capitalists their
rising struggles working
that attacks that in Melrose
foundation drive
their government!
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-05-09
Peruvian Crews Seize Tevo
Cruisers; Battle Government

Revolutionary sailors seized control
Of two Of the cruisers of the Peruvian
Navy last Saturday and battled for
nine hours against the forces of the
government. Fearing an armed up
rising of the exploited workers and
peasants, the government declared
state of siege throughout the country
and instituted martial law, with bru-
tai attacks against the toiling masses.
The revolt started secretly just
before midnight on Saturday, when
the sailors on the cruiser Coronel
Bolognesi overpowered their officers
and took command Of the cruiser. A
similar uprising occurred at about
the same time on board the flagship,
the Almirante Granz. The only other
vessels in the Peruvian Navy are a
destroyer and three submarines. All
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-05-09
lies OF FRENCH GOVT
AIM TO STIR UP ANTI
SOVIET WAR FEELING
French Issue New Yer
sion to Hide White
Guard Act

The French bourgeois and
their police have come out with
new version of the assassina-
ton of the French President,
Paul Doumer, who died on Sat-
urday of wounds inflicted by
the fascist White Guardist, DR..
Paul Gouguloff. The new YER
sion is directed toward afford
ing French imperialism a pre-
text for armed intervention against
the Soviet Union.
In the first confusion which fol-
lowed the shooting of the French
president the Paris police permitted
the bourgeois press reporters to inter-
view the assassin. All of these re-
porters characterized DR.. Paul Gou-
guloff as a White Guardist, on the
basis of his own admissions and of
his known anti-Soviet activities and
his authorship of a book against the
Soviet Union. These admissions were
published in the French bourgeois
press.
Following the demand by L'Huma-
mite, organ of the French Communist
Party, that the White Guards be ex-
PEELED from France, the French bour-
geois press came out with a second
version of the assassination, attempt
ing to protect the White Guards who
have long been supported and fl
nanced by the French government.
This report was to the effect that the
assassin was "a foreign assassin" It.
was evidently government-inspired,
with the view of detracting public at
tention from the White Guards and
directing it against other foreigners
in Paris.
Yesterday this second version was
followed by still another version, in
which Alexander Millerand, former
president of France and bitter enemy
Of the Soviet Union, asserted he had
personal information which per
mits me to say in the most cate
goric way that the assassin belonged
to the regular Bolshevist forces"
The chief of the French secret
police obligingly backed him up with
a similar vague statement, devoid of
all proof, but with the same aim of
affording French imperialism with a
CONTINUED ON PAGE THREE)
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-05-09
Duonnce ee Park Shooting Coliseum Chicago NAV 49, Workers. Sc

protest meeting was to be held, we
hear shots. As we are hurrying
along, two police cruisers with sirens
screaming tear down the street. I'm
mediately after come the fire de-
partments hose and ladder truck.
We arrive opposite the lot. Hundreds
of people are crowded together. We
run over to the lot and stop at the
curb watching the police, dicks and
gangsters running to and fro, brand
ishing their guns. 1 see one man
armed with long-barreIIed Winches-
ter, another with sub-machine
gun on his arm. They are herding
the workers to the wall of building
on the side of the lot. The police
dicks and gangsters form a Gordon
in front Of about 100 workers who
are crowded together to the wall. The
last few are showed into place with
guns prodding their ribs and stom-
achs. Then the police and their as
sistants step ASIDE.
On the other side of the lot Is
the fire department truck. Two
firemen pull a hose off the truck,
small stream Of water begins to
trickle out. They are too far away
from the workers for the water to
reach them. Then man wearing
brown flannel lumber jacket takes
his place near the firemen, and the
stream of death begins. He rakes
the huddled crowd Of workers with
his sub-machine gun. The police
and dicks stand by and see this
most brazen, murderous attack.
They make mol attempt 70 grab the
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-05-09

in the streets of this Chicago
suburb, cries out in protest
against the system which the shoot
ers represent. The police and coun-
ty officials are therefore trying des-
perately to misrepresent the whole
situation. But here are the facts.
Protest Meeting.
The meeting which was fired on
was called for Friday, May 6, at 2:3o
pm, by the Unemployed Council and
International Labor Defense, to pro-
test against the attack by police on
the May First demonstration held in
Melrose Park, and to protest against
a series of kidnappings and brutal
attacks on workers by police in the
days following May Day.
Lined Against Wall.
A hall had been secured for the
meeting Friday, but at the last mo-
ment the police were able to force
its owners to close it to the workers.
Hundreds Of workers and jobless ar
rived, found the hall closed. and as
sembled in an open lot near by.
There they were surrounded by about
100 police and local gangsters and
CONTINUED ON PAGE THREEl
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-05-09

The strikers were addressed at a
mass meeting yesterday by a repre-
sentative of the union and by men,
bers of the strike committees at the
Paris and Andrew Geller shoe fac
tories, also on strike.
A call has been issued for all work.
ers to help picket this morning at
1. Miller Shoe Company, Andrew
Geller, Elco and Paris shoe COM
panies. Go directly to the picket
lines, or to strike headquarters at
the corner of Crescent Street and 43d
Avenue. Long Island City. Take B.
M. T. trains from Manhattan.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-05-09

were built at New Haven, Conn.
Bourgeois press dispatches report
that the revolt was organized and led
by Peruvian Communists.
After the sailors seized control of
the cruisers, they sent a landing party
ashore to rally the workers. In the
meantime, however, the government
had been warned of the uprising by
one of its spies among the seamen.
who swan ashore to reveal the plans
of the revolutionaries. Gen. Sanchez
Cerro, the ruling class president, who
has just recovered from wounds in
flicted in an attempt on his life, di-
rected the suppression of the out
break.
Infantrymen and harbor guards
CONTINUED ON PAGE Two)
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-05-09
NEW YORK. = Four
thousand Negro and
white workers demon
strated at 10th st. and
Fifth Ave. last Satur-

day, international day of
struggle against the Infamous
Scottsboro lynch verdicts and
against the continued impris-
onment of Tom Mooney. Reso-
lutions were adopted demand
ing the unconditional release Of
the nine Scottsboro boys, of
Tom Mooney, Orphan Jones,
Edith Berkman, Willie Brown
and other Negro and white victims
of capitalist frame-ups and class JUS
tice. The workers expressed their
burning indignation against the new
massacre by Chicago police of I'M
employed workers demonstrating
against starvation and for relief.
Vigorous protest kilograms were
adopted to be sent to the governor
of Illinois and to Mayor Cermak of
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-05-09
1000 Demonstrate in Harlem
Against ScottSboro Verdicts
1880 March In Parade Demanding Freedom of
the Nine Negro Boys

Chicago.
The demonstration in Harlem was
the central demonstration for New
York workers. It began with a short
meeting at 145th Street and Lencx
Avenue, followed by a parade through
the streets Of Harlem and concluded
with militant demonstration at
10th Street and Fifth Avenue.
1900 workers marched in the
parade, with large groups of young
workers and Pioneers in evidence.
CONTINUED ON PAGE THREED
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-05-09

murderer armed with the machine
gun. I cannot believe what see.
In broad daylight, in the full sight
of hundreds of people, unarmed,
defenseIess workers are lined up
against a wall and moved down
with a hail of bullets.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-05-09

The workers who are shot fall on
the sidewalk. Two are lying in the
road In full sight Of everybody. We
try to pick up one of the men. We
scream for help. The lower part of
his leg hangs loosely. The shin bone
is broken and bits of bone are stick
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-05-09
SCOTTSBORO DEMONSTRATIONS THRU,
OUT y. S. DEMAND BOYS FREEDOM,
WIRE PROTEST AT MELROSE SLAUGHTER

S-Eundd
eo up wan eoe Ill., and sprayed with bullets from machine
Nine workers severely wounded by bullets dubbed and
WORKERS REPORT THAT
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-05-09
MILLER SHOE
STRIKE GROWS

NEW YORK,-The I. Miller shoe
strike has grown from the original
lo0a strikers to 600, and the number
pf strikers and their militancy has
baralyzed the bosses. All strikers are
loining the Shoe and Leather Work
lrs Industrial Union of the Trade
onion Unity League.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-05-09

OUTSIDE.
CHICAGO, ILL.,, May 8-Investigation, and
the evidence Of the workers at the Melrose
Park meeting shot up by police machine guns
Friday, prove absolutely that the police stories
are lies and that the whole affair was deIiber-
ately planned attempt at massacre of the I'M
employed
After the machine guns roared and the
ground was sprnked with wounded workers. the capitalist
officials evidently began worry about the political effects
The Communist Party in the field as the fighting repre-
sentative of the obess and employed workers alike Delegates
from all over the country will arrive here May % for Ma
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-05-09
BERKMAN MASS MEET TONIGHT

A mass meeting to send off the
delegation to Washington to demand
the immediate release of Edith Berk-
man will be held at Irving Plaza, Irv-
ing Place and 18th St., at 8 p. m.
Anne Burlak, Maude White and Will
liam Foster to speak.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-05-09

ers. He is trying to stop the flow
of blood from the large wound in his
leg. A woman takes her silk scarf
off and his leg is tied UP. He is
placed in car and taken off to the
hospital
Seven workers were brought TO the
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-05-09

ing out of the torn flesh. We get
him into an automobile. He leaves
a pool of blood on the street. Here
is another worker lying in the door
way of the building, the same build
ing whose wall had been used as the
slaughtering place for unarmed work.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-05-09

The National Civic Federation,
with Matthew Vol, vice president
of the American Federation of La
Dor, as its acting president, has
launched a national campaign for
more suppressive anti-working class
laws ndto justify such bloody
attacks upon Communists and
other workers as those at the Ford
Plant and at the American Can
Company Plant, near Chicago last
Friday. VOL creates an alibi for
gangsters and the underworld al
les of the employers and bankers.
He tries TO picture Communists as
criminals. An article eposing this
campaign Is published on PSgs ).
y = : u
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-05-09

hospital fhile we were there. The
police came and we left. AS write
this, so have been arrested and zine
are in the hospital, all with ma