davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1932-09-02
The Evolution of Light

1t is hard to imgaine the world
without electric light, yet it is only
few years since gas lamps illumi-
mated out streets and gas or kerosene
was used in our homes.
Going to bed with the chickens"
was an actual fact centuries ago, al
though the chickens we know had not
been bred to their present state.
When darkness came there was moth
ing else to do. 1t was dangerous to
be abroad. Human foes or wild ami
mails might lurk behind nearby
tree. Ancients, with the coming of
darkness, hied to their caves for
safety and stayed there until dawn.
The earliest form of light was a
burning stick taken from camp
fire. Later, Goals in an open pan or
brazier were nursed into flame. Then
torches of resinous wood were used.
Sometimes slender branches were tied
together and saturated with fat or OIL
The lamps used by the Greeks and
Romans were made of stone, clay or
metal They were covered, and wick
of flax or tow produced the flame.
Many of these lamps have been found
in ancient ruins.
The development of the candle was
a great improvement in lighting, be-
cause, when it was protected from
drafts, it burned with steady, even
flame.
Near the end Of the eighteenth CEN
tury fiat, woven wick was invented
for lamps, and this gave greatly in
creased light. Afterwards the circu-
lar wick was introduced. The great
est improvement in lamps was the
glass chimney. This controlled the
draft, so that Pickering and its strain
on the eyes was no more. The dis
covery of petroleum, and from pc
troleum kerosene, simplified illumd-
nation.
| Gas lighting was tested and found
practical in seventeen ninety-two. 1t
was first used in the United States
at Baltimore, Maryland. 1t won it's
way because it was cleaner and safer
than kerosene. Several scientists had
tried to develop an electric light be-
fore Edison, in eighteen seventy-nine,
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1932-09-02
PUT THE UNION MEN
And WOMEN TOWORK

What we want to see just now is
more employment for union members.
We talk about giving" employ
ment. When an employer takes on
hands; when a householder provides
man with a job, he is said to give"
employment
This is all to the good and the
more employment that can be given
the better
But lots of union members think
they can't "give" employment, be-
cause perhaps they are not in posi-
ton to hire anyone to work for them.
If they only realize it, however,
they can "give" employment and the
way they can do it is by buying"
employment.
Every time person purchases an
article or service produced by union
labor they are buying" employment
and doing their bit to keep their fell
low trade unionists from joining the
ranks of the unemployed
They are not simply buying hat,
or pair of shoes, or suit of clothes
or what you will, they are helping
to buy job for some fellow trade
unionist as we'll
Think of your buying power in this
way and you will realize what a serv
ice you can render, even with a small
purchase, when you make sure your
money is being spent on union label
goods or service
You are really buying employment
the employment of a fellow trade
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1932-09-02
PAY CUTS HIT
ALL ACTIVITIES

When the income of a man is re-
duced, it follows that he must buy
less of the products of other men.
Palmer clothes are worn. Table
foods are more simple. Fewer books
are bought The pocket change is
counted more carefully. Even the con-
tribution plates in the churches get
less. Merchants and manufacturers,
religious activities and social well
fare suffer with every wage reduc-
tion.
To protect the wage volume of the
country is fundamental need, for it
controls the material prosperity
without which neither business, in
dustrial, social nor education forces
can grow.-B. c. Clarke.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1932-09-02

Don't leave your trade unionism on
your doorstep, but carry it in and ex-
plain what it means to your wife and
family. AS it benefits your home,
then everyone in the household should
be told what made it possible to bring
about better conditions for them.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1932-09-02

that you are buying trade union en-
ployment, and thereby keep trade
unionists at work, and help to main
tain trade union wages and conditions.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1932-09-02

unionist-whose work is represented
in the article or service you have pur-
chased.
Therefore, when you buy, see to it
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1932-09-02

1t wouldn't be a Labor Day edition
if Ted's face didn't appear to us from
within its folds. Through his dele
gateship to Trades Council, represent
ing the Machinists' Union, he keeps
right along with the movement.
Evening star., 1932-11-04

bayonet the disarmed disavowed and
destitute army of Woodrow Wilson"
Glassford denied that there was an
extraordinary proportion of criminal
Communist and non-veteran elements
among the bonus marchers.
Calls Commissioners Blind.
ut is true" he said, that few
Communist leaders came from New York
and established an elaborate Office with
the avowed purpose of taking control OF
the situation. They would have sue
ceeded, stoo, if the veterans had net
been fed, cared for and organized
against Communism through the efforts
of the police. The blind Commissioners
(of the District of Columbia) and the
administration could not see this"
Glassford said the veterans knew
better" when 1T was alleged by the ad-
ministration that the partly demolished
buildings" in the Pennsylvania avenue
camp area had to be torn down to make
way for construction, and added, Il
found that the Commissioners in issu-
ing this order for evacuation) had not
consulted legal authority"
According to statement made
public by the President" Glassford said
"the Army was called to assist the
District authorities to restore order
The real objective was made known to
me by Gen. Macarthur (chief of staff
of the Army while the troops were on
the way. He said:
1--WE are going to break the back of
the B. E. F. Within a short time we
will move down Pennsylvania avenue,
sweep through the billets there, and
then clean out the other camps. The
operation will be continuous. 1t will
all be done tonight"
Evening star., 1932-11-04
DOES RHEUMATIC
AGONY DRIVE
YOU CRAZY?

You cannot hope to get lasting
relief from cruel, crippling rheu-
matte aches and pains if you are
a slave TO laxative drugs.
Medical authorities make no Sc
cret of the fact that often sluggish
bowels contribute the poisons and
acid conditions which result in pain
full, swollen, infamed limbs and
joints. You must stop these poisons
at the source.
The Cream Of Nujol treatment
does this at cost of only few
cents a day. Doctors specially rec
ommend this new form of Nujol
treatment for those suffering from
rheumatic conditions Cream of
Nujol lubricates laxative-d dried bow
els. gives them new elasticity and
activity, so that poisonous wastes
are thrown off daily by natural per-
istaltic action. The new harmless
Cream of Nujol treatment will make
you regular as clockWork and will
not interfere with your work or your
play. Moreover, it Is delicious and
easy to take. Get Cream CT Nujol
tonight at any drug counter.-Ad-
vertisement.
Evening star., 1932-11-04

"Hyppolit the Butler" the second
talkie produced in Hungary, IS making
a hit and has recouped much of the
loss caused by the failure of the first
film, Blue Idol"
Evening star., 1932-11-04
Two PrOclamatiOns Issued
President Calls Upon Nation for Observance Of
Thanksgiving and Armistice Day, Pointing
Out Significance.

third day Of November in the year Of
Our Lord 1882, and of the independence
of the United States of America the one
hundred and flfty-seventh.
HERBERT HOOVER.
"By the president:
HENRY L. STIMSON,
Secretary of State"
Armistice Day Proclamation.
The Armistice day proclamtion fol-
lows:
BY the President Of the United States
of America-a proclamation:
Whereas the 18th of November, 1918,
marked the cessation of the most de-
structive, Sanguinary and far-reaching
war in human annals; and
Whereas it is fitting that the recur-
ring anniversary of this day should be
commemorated by exercises which
shall recall the high purposes for which
this Nation entered the World War, the
devotion and sacrifice of those who gave
service to our country in its peril and
the memory of those who died to bring
peace. and which likewise shall recall
the Nations obligation to those dead
that we shall apply ourselves to
measures which shall contribute to pre-
vent repetition of such devaStations of
llulIldIllly, ana
Whereas by concurrent resolution of
the Senate and the House of Repre-
sentatives in 1926 the President was
requested to issue a proclamation for
the observance of ArmiStice day;
Now, therefore, l, Herbert Hoover.
President of the United States OF
America, in pursuance of the said con-
current resolution, do hereby order that
the flag of the United States be dis
played on all Government buildings on
November II. 1882. and do invite the
people of the United States to observe
the day in schools and churches. and
other suitable places, with appropriate
ceremonies, giving expression to our
gratitude for peace and the hope and
desire that our friendly relations with
other peoples may continue
In witness whereof, 1 have hereunto
set my hand and caused the deal of
the United States to be affixed.
Done at the City of Washington
this Sd day of November in the year
of our Lord nineteen hundred and
thirty-two. and of the independence
of the United States of America. the
one hundred and fifty-Seventh.
HERBERT HOOVER
BY the President:
HENRY L. STIMSON
Secretary of State"
Evening star., 1932-11-04
G[ASSF0RD SCORES
HOOVER ON B. f. F.
Ex-Chief Claims He Tried to
Get Audience for
Veterans.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press
PHILADELPHIA, November 4-De-
claring he had tried by many indirect
means" to induce President Hoover to
visit the camps Of the bonus marchers
in Washington last Summer, Brig. Gen
Pelham D. GlaSsford. former District OF
Columbia police superintendent, last
night told his story of the eviction of
the B. E. F.
Speaking at veterans rally here,
before a crowd that filled the Metro
politan Opera House, Gen. GlaSsford
said he felt that if the President had
addressed the veterans they would
have obeyed his orders and left Wash
ington."
The man who resigned his Superln-
tendency after the bonus forces had
audience of veterans, with a generous
sprinkling of women and children. that
his was mot a political speech" and
that he was mot looking for political
job"
Praises Bonus Marchers.
"The President" Gen Glassford said
denied an audience with a committee
of one of the most loyal groups of cit
iZsnS l have ever met-jobleSS veterans
of the American Army in the World
War.
Had the President deigned to make
himself familiar with the true character
OF the American veterans in Washing
ton he would have discovered for him
self that they were made up over
whelmingly OF patriotic. law-abidin2
citizens"
Characterizing the bonus marcher as
maintaining a high standard of dis
cipline and conduct" GlaSsford sale
that under the policies pursued by the
Washington police there were no dis
turbanceS or serious difficulties for g
period of nearly two months; not unit
the satellites of an intolerant and short
sighted administration saw fit to repu-
diate everything that had been done
and to take matters into their oWr
hands"
He said he believed the President
could have addressed the bonus vet
Grams with perfect dignity and safety
and asked. Why should he have
stunned men who wore the uniform Of
the United States?
Attacks Hoover Refusal.
His action and attitude reveal his
commitment to an economic and SOclaI
policy which sets aside our common
heritage of courage, tradition, tolerance
and pity
General GlaSSfOrd was introduced by
Floyd Gibbons, war correspondent anC
radio speaker, who in turn had beer
presented by Maj. Gen. Smedley d
Butler, Marine Corps. retired Butler
and Gibbons both described incidents
connected with the bonus army's dis
persal and praised Glassford's handling
of the Washington situation.
Explaining his "lenient" attitude to-
ward the marchers. GlasSford said that
in this policy" he had taken a Leaf
from the book Of Mr. Herbert Hoover
III the humanitarian relief work he &C
cOmpliShed in Belgium and Russia"
You veterans who have borne arms
in the defense Of the country must still
revere him president Hoover as you!
supreme commander" Glassford said
He must stand in your minds for the
high ideals of freedom and patriotism
upon which this great Nation was con-
ceived by our forefathers.
Armed with modern implements oi
warfare, the peacetime army of oul
present commander in chief, Herbert
Hoover, on July % last drove from the
National Capital at the point of the
Evening star., 1932-11-04
TAMPERING is SECUTED
IN RUTH NICHOLS CRASH
Republican Officials Refuse to Back
Charge Made by minor En-
ploye" of Bureau.
BY the Associated Press

BY the Associated Press.
NEW YORK. November Ruth
Nichols last night telegraphed Presi-
dent Hoover her regret that a miShap
yesterday prevented her from making a
transcontinental flight in the interest
of his campaign.
The plane from which she planned to
drop Republican literature from Floyd
Bennett Field to San Bernandino,
Calf. skidded off the runway and
buried wing in the ground.
While Miss Nichols and airport off,
cials blamed the mishap on the ships
heavy load of fuel. A. B. Cornell an
employe in the Speakers Bureau of Re
publican Eastern headquarters, eX-
pressed belief the plane was tenn
pered with"
Higher Republican officials, however,
who described Cornell as "a minor en-
ploye,' said that Cornell's charge wa
made On his own responsibility and
that they took no stock in it.
Evening star., 1932-11-04
!. N. CHAMbERL|N
DIES IN CALIFORNIA
Was Former Head of 2. c.
Bar Association and Ma
tive of Capital.

j. Morrill, Chamberlin, former presi-
dent of the District Bar Association,
died yesterday in San Francisco, accord
ing to word just received here. He had
lived in California fer the past five
years.
Mr.. Chamberlin was a native of the
District and practiced law here 80 years
before going to the Pacific Coast for his
health. He was educated in Washing
ton schools and obtained a law degree
from Columbian College, now George
Washington University, in 1898 He
worked for a time in the Lincoln Ma
tional Bank and later for the District.
He began practice Of law immediate
ly after. getting his degree and formed
the partnership of Giddings g. Cham
berlin. In 1923 he joined with John
Lewis Smith in the firm of Chamberlin
g. Smith, which existed until he went
West in 1923.
For time Mr.. Chamberlin was coun-
Gil for the Washington Steel G. Ordnance
Co. He was president of the Bar As
Sociation in 1918.
His death was announced in all
branches CT the District Supreme Court
,CIav by Frank J. Hogan, president OF
the Bar association.
During his high school career he was
a member of the Hungry Dozen" well
known high school cadet drill team of
the early COS, and was a lieutenant in
the High School Cadet Corps when that
organization consisted of only four
company battalion at Washington (now
Central High School, at Seventh and
o streets.
While in Washington, in addition to
his other activities. Mr. Chamberlin was
active in the affairs of the University
and Chevy Chase Clubs. He was a
member of ST. Margaret's Church
where funeral services will be held at
II a m. November 16, followed by burial
in Rock Creek Cemetery.
He is survived by his widow, Mrs
Priscilla Chamberlin, formerly Miss
Priscilla Nicholson Of this city, and two
daughters, Priscilla and Ann.
Evening star., 1932-11-04
OLD IRONSIDES TO VISIT
NORFOLK FOR REPAIRS
Frigate Will Dock at Navy Yard
Nov. % Preparatory to Pa
cific Trip.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
NEWPORT NEWS. Va, November a.
The U. S. S. Constitution, famous old
vessel known the world over as "Old
Ironsides," will pay Virginia another
visit November 28 when it will be
docked at the Norfolk Navy Yard for
repairs.
'Old Ironsides' last visited Virginia
waters in October, 1881, when it was
brought down to participate in the
Yorktown sesquicentennial celebration.
Repair work on the old frigate at the
Norfolk yard will be preparatory to the
vessels departure for the Pacific Coast.
The Constitution" was launched in
1897, and distinguished herself a few
years later in naval engagements.
When plans were made in 1880 to scrap
the vessel, Oliver Wendell Holmes wrote
his famous poem about her, and in 1888
the boat was recommiSSioned and kept
in active service until 1855, and then
laid up.
In 1860 it was restored to service as
training vessel, and still later, when
it had outgrown that purpose, and
seemed headed for the scrap heap, Fed
eral funds and public contributions
made it's restoration for exhibition pur-
poses possible.
Thousands of visitors inspected the
old craft durin ga recent exhibition
tour along the Altar &C Seaboard.
Evening star., 1932-11-04
CITY NEWS IN BRIEF.
TODAY

lODA4
Dance. Beta Mu Sorority Beaver
Dam Country Club, 9 pm.
Victory ball, National Democratic
Committee, Mayflower Hotel, $50 pm
Meeting. Kit Carson Womans Relief
Corps, l0l5 L street, 7 pm.
Card party, benefit ST Francis de
Sales Church, Auditorium. Twentieth
street and Rhode Island avenue north
east, 8 pm.
Bicentennial celebration. Washington
Centennial Lodge, No. IA, Willard Hotel,
pm.
Card and bingo party benefit Virginia
Dare Council. Daughters of America
638 Sixth street northeast, pm.
Play. The Family Album Ladies of
the Lutheran Church of the Incarna-
ton. Fourteenth and Gallatin streets,
pm.
Card party, Saturday Night Club,
Southern Diaries Auditorium, so NJ
street northeast, $50 pm.
Dinner Round Table, University Club,
6:15 pm.
Buffet supper. Dartmouth Club, Uni
versity Club, pm.
TOMORROW.
Meeting, National Association of Re
tired Federal Employees, Museum, pm
Luncheon, Harvard Club, University
Club, l pm.
Thirty-first anniversary celebration,
Neighborhood House, 40 N street south
West, 10 am. to 10 pm.
Dance, Chi Psi Sorority, Montgomery
Country Club, Silver Spring. 10 pm.
Evening star., 1932-11-04

Most of us are prone to
look with indifference upon
the necessity of breaking
up" a cough at its begin
ming. A cough due to a cold
is perhaps not alarming at
first but if allowed to
continue it lowers your
vitality, saps your strength
and makes you easy prey
ofmany dangerous illnesses.
For more than Is years
Halls Expectorant has
brought prompt, safe relief
in cases of coughs due to
Evening star., 1932-11-04
WILL HOLD OPEN HOUSE
Press Club to Get Returns by
Radio and Leased Wire.

The National Press Club will hold
open house from pm. on election day
until ! O'Clock the next morning with
radio and leased wire election returns
it was announced today.
All returns will be announced as they
are received and the regular features
Of the club will be made available to
members and guests.
Evening star., 1932-11-04
Wins $4,000 Damages.

BALTIMORE. November 4 (SpeciaD
Mrs. Elizabeth Brown of Laurel, whose
husband Benjamin T Brown, was killed
in July. 1881, when struck by the auto
of Isaac Montgomery Of this city. was
awarded $4,000 damages in City Court
yesterday
Evening star., 1932-11-04

Dance. Chi Psi Sorority, Montgomery
Country Club. Silver Spring. 10 pm.
Evening star., 1932-04-30
PHILIPPINES LIBERTY
FIGHT AT STANDSTILL
Friends of Independence Show
Strength in Senate, but Make
No Progress.


Friends of Philippine independence
showed their strength in the Senate
yesterday, but made no progress under
a limitation of time The period ex-
pired without even a word of debate
on independence.
a motion by Chairman Bingham of
the Territories Committee to take up
the HaWes-Cutting 15-year bill, which
has been substituted for the 8-year in
dependence measure passed by the
House, was approved, 80 to 90. Due to
the limitation of time, however, the
legislation is back on the calendar,
where it was before.
While the 80 to 20 vote was regarded
as a test of strength, the roll call
showed a mixed lineup. Senator Borah
Republican, of Idaho, an advocate of
Philippine independence, observed on
the floor that Il suspect some other
measures on this calendar awaiting
attention had something to do with the
result" He voted against the limited
consideration.
Senator Bingham said he had
hoped the restricted debate might give
some Of those opposing the legislation
an opportunity to voice their views in
order to speed action when the bill
comes up for regular consideration.
Senator Copeland, Democrat, of New
York, an opponent of the measure, oc-
cupied the entire time Of debate on it
yesterday with a discussion of health
problems and national parks.
Evening star., 1932-04-30
COLLEGE CATHOLIC
CLUBS CONVENE
Delegates Attend Dance and
Take Sightseeing Trip
About Capital.

Delegates to the Spring convention
of the Middle Atlantic Province of the
Federation of College Catholic Clubs
registered yesterday and were prepar-
ing to hold their first session in the
Mayf1ower Hotel this afternoon at
O'Clock. This morning was being de-
voted to sightseeing trips around Wash
ington and followed an informal party
and dance in the Washington Canoe
Club last night.
An address of welcome was to be de-
livered this afternoon by Provost Will
liam Allen Wilbur of George Weshing-
ton University. An address on Re
ligion and Patriotism" was to be de-
livered by Rev. Ignatius Smith of Cath
olic University of America and an
other on Religion and Culture" by Rev
DR.. John Heating Cartwright, chaplain
of the Newman Club of George Wash
ington University.
The delegates will have dinner at the
Kennedy-Warren Hotel tonight at
o'clock and a formal reception anc
prom in the Chinese room of the May
flower at 10 o'clock.
A corporate communion mass will bC
held IN st. Patrick's Catholic Church
tomorrow morning at o'clock, with
Rev. DR.. John Keating Cartwright, cele-
brant. At 10:15 o'clock the delegates
will have breakfast in the Mayfower
where they will be greeted by DR.. Cloyc
Heck Marvin, president of George Wash.
ington University. Addresses also viii
be delivered by Maj. Gen. Paul B. Ma.
lone, U. S. A, and Rev. John w. Keogh
A province meeting will be held in the
Mayfower at l pm.
Vice President Curtis heads a list oi
distinguished patrons and patronesse.
for the convention. The list includes
leading foreign diplomats, educators
and organizations.
Evening star., 1932-04-30
COL. BROOKE RETIRES
AFTER THIRTY YEARS
Was Stationed at Washington Bar.
racks Two Years After West
Point Graduation.

After 80 years active service in the
Army Engineer Corps, Col Mark Brooke
Of Washington, former Assistant Engi-
neer Commissioner of the District, was
retired for disability today with the
rank of colonel He has been in i'll
health for some time and is now a pa
tient at Walter Reed Hospital.
Col. Brookes first assignment upon
his graduation from West Point in 1902
brought him to the Washington Bar
racks for two years. On several later
occasions he was stationed here for Pc
riodS of several years. He served as
Assistant Engineer Commissioner for
the District on one of these details,
from June, 1910, until September, 1914.
A native of South Carolina, where he
was born August 81, 1876, Col. Brooke
received his appointment to West Point
from Pennsylvania. He is regarded as
one of the ablest engineers in the Army,
his many duties having placed him in
charge OF various engineer districts
throughout the country. He also saw
service in the Philippines and at
Panama
At the outbreak of the World War he
was made colonel of Engineers in the
National Army, and later was stationed
at Brest, the biggest Army camp in
France, where he was in charge of con-
struction work for time He was pro-
NOTED to lieutenant colonel on Novem-
Der 16, 1924 For his services in France,
he was made an officer Of the Legion
of Honor
Col. Brooke married Miss Marie F.
Barnes of Washington, who comes of
an old service family. They have one
daughter. Miss Halle M. Brooke who
made her debut in Washington a few
years ago. Their present residence is
at 2l00 Massachusetts avenue.