Evening star., 1932-02-10
GRAND| ASSA|LS
SECURITY THEORY
Tells Arms Parey Reduction
of Military Expenses Must
Be Peace Guarantee.
CONTINUED From First Page.)

The address of the Polish foreign
minister, advocating moral disarma-
ment," to improve national relations
involving mutual assistance OF nations
was identified with the dominant fea-
ture of the French program.
MY country" he said. happily sup
ports all proposals calculated to make
countries Of bad faith shrink from tie
risk Of aggression"
Observers said they saw In this NOV,
also a reflection Of Poland's fear OF her
neighbor. Soviet Russia.
The equipment Of Japanis army Is
far less efficient than that of modern
western armies, Ambassador Matsu-
daira said.
Holds Air Force Retarded.
"Our air force" he said. rs still in
the making. We are far behind many
other powers in civil aviation. Japan
IL prepared to do all within her power
to contribute to formulating an agree
ment fair and equitable, as wen as
practical and economical, through
which limitation and reduction OF
ornaments can best be etiecteo WIT
assurances that national safety Will no'
be impaired and that all parties 10 the
agreement strictly observe us s'ipuiA
tons ,a
"The japanese delegation" ne SAID
"favors adopting the draft conVenuoil
as the foundation upon whicn ,I1 nne "o'A
of the conference could be oullt.
Referring to the suggestions aireaoy
made by the other principal powers, nc
said: ..,
"This is the nrst time an interna.
tional attempt has been made 10 nmi'
military and air ornaments. Tne Japa-
nese delegation is prepared to give care
fuI study to any workable proposltlon IN
the sincere hope a suitable form o.
agreement can eventually be though'
out. AS to naval strength, our navy
stands limited by existing treaties. ~
hoped a comprehensive agreement to
comprise all the naval powers repre-
sented can be reached.
Speaks Of Submarines.
On the proposal for the abolition oi
submarines Ambassador Matsudalra
said. 1T is not SO much in the original
nature of a submarine to be inhuman as
in its wanton use. Surface craft woulo
he lust as inhuman according 10 lts
use It is a conviction OF the japanese
delegation that an agreement ior strlct
limitation of the use OF all classes ol
war vessels should be arrived at"
"The peace treaties" Signor Grandl
said were not intended to place the
defeated nations in condition OF per.
manent inferiority. but as the president
of the peace conference solemnly de-
clared they presented the first steps
toward that general reduction OF ano
limitation of armaments which the al
lied and associated powers seek TO brlne
about as one of the most fruitful pre-
ventives of war
This" Signor Grandi added wa:
not therefore. a pledge taken by one
group of states toward another group
It was a reciprocal undertaking OF eacf
| of us toward all the others
Must Solve Arms Question.
Commenting on the French propose
| for an international police force. III
said: My country certainly would no
hesitate to consider any proposal tend
| ing to fortify the institutions OF th'
League Of Nations provided 1t woule
| lead to an effective reduction OF arma
ments. But, on the other hand. 1t woult
regard it as vain to do so II the capita
problem of disarmament were not u
| find therein the adequate solution.
Let us then leave theories aside ant
! look the facts in the face. The fact
show that without disarmament ther'
can be no security We are. fear, on
slope leading to a new ornaments race
phenomenon all the more alarming l
| it is viewed in the light Of the economi
depression now affecting all our coun
| tries
He pointed out that in 1925 the work
spent on armaments $3497, ,000, 600: II
1880. s4.12s, 600 900.
II must. however. call your atten
tion." he said. ito the fact that thi
race for armaments has been intensl
fed at the very time when we wer
celebrating those legal instruments o
security known as the trePty OF LocarnC
the pact for the remuneration Of wa
and the general treaty of arbitration.
Cannot Reduce Competition.
This fact seems to me clearly u
show that the reinforcement OF Secur
ity can not of itself reduce competi
ton in armaments or destroy the sys
TEN of armed peace"
| The task of the conference, he con
tinued. Is to ascertain whether tn
progressive acceptance Of internationa
| justice is not guaranteed by equal.
progressive remuneration of the force
| capable of bringing pressure to bear OF
the administration of that justice. An.
military preponderance, he said, mus
| inevitably make its pressure felt ol
the whole body of international re
lations.
1T would be vain" he said. ST
believe that such pressure would al
ways be placed at the service Of justice
On the contrary, it is to be feared tina
since justice would be blunted in thos
who would WELD the force. while con
fiderce in that justice would certainl.
weaken in countries living under
permanent threat of the force. GU
task Is to fortify justice, not justif.
force"
Doubts Joint Action Now.
Joint action by the league of nation
| in case of aggression, he said, will re
main dead letter as long as the mem
bers of the League maintain such pow
erful military forces that any desir
to undertake joint action meets will
the alternative of failure or war.
The peace treaties, he said. formet
a practical example for the reduction
and limitation of ornaments.
The limits laid down in part five TO
Germany and her former allies compl
with the conception of depriving tn
armed forces of those States of th
means of carrying on a war of dis
tinctly aggressive character" he said
This was done precisely with a viey
to the future international organiza
ton of peace then under conSidera
ton"
Signor Grandi was given grea
ovation as he returned to his seat
While he spoke Andre Tardieu, Frencl
war minister, sat buried in stud
of Grandi's address.
| Wants Onenses Repressed.
The Polish foreign minister said tn
efforts of the conference must be d..
rected toward repression OF interna
tional offenses which could constitute
breach Of stipulations made in an.
| future convention.
| Poland welcomes with real satisfac
ton the inclusion in the agenda Of tn
French proposals a provision to CIV
the League of Nations an effective ex
| ecutive power" he said. M. ZaleSk