The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1932-07-07
The CHARTER WHICH
CREATED MARYLAND
Continued from Page Six

right to make its own laws.
To fully appreciate the differences
between a province and colony, we
must recall that by the, royal gesture
which erected Maryland into a Pro-
vince, the King Invested himself of all
authority in Maryland and put in
Calvert's hands the appointing power
for Church and State, civil and mill
tary. '..'..
Maryland was thus not zone of His
Majesty's Plantations" to which con-
victs could be sent from the. jails of
England When later some captains
of merchant vessels sold few to the
planters, a law :. was Immediately
passed prohibiting the practice. Eng
lish "Colonies" were governed di-
rectly by officials appointed by the
King, and were thus parts of his do
minions, and to these convicts and
other undesirables could be sent at the
Kings pleasure Not so to Lord Bal
timore's Province of Maryland"
go
The Charter itself begins with the
high tribute to the First and Second
Lords Baltimore:
THE CHARTER OF MARYLAND
CHARLES by the Grace of God,
King of England, Scotland, France
and Ireland, Defender of the Faith,
etc. To all to whom these Presents
shall come greeting.
WHEREAS Our right Trusty and
Well-beloved Subject Cecilius Calvert,
Baron of Baltimore in our Kingdom
of Ireland, Some and heire of Sir
George Calvert Knight, late Baron of
Baltimore in the same Kingdom of
ireland, pursuing his Fathers inten-
tions, being excited with a laudable
and pious zeale for the propagation
of the Christian Faith, and the en-
largement of our Empire and Domin-
ion, hath humbly besought leave of
Us, by his industry and charge, to
transport an ample Colony of the
English Nation unto a certaine Coun-
trey hereafter described, in the parts
of America, not yet cultivated and
inhabited by certaine barbarous peO-
pie, having no knowledge of Almigh-
ay God, and hath humbly besought our
confirm all the said Countrey, with
requisite for the good government and
state of his Colony, and Countrey
aforesaid, to him and his heires for
ever.
KNOW YEE THEREF ORE, That
Wee favouring the Pious and Noble
purpose of the said BarOns of Balte-
more, Of our special grace, certaine
knowledge, and meere motion, have
given, granted and confirmed, and by
this our present Charter, for Us, Our
HERES and Successors, doe give, grant
and confrme unto the said Cecillus,
now Baron of Baltemore, his heires
and Assignes, all that part of a Pen
Ursula, lying in the parts of America,
betweene the Ocean on the East and
the Bay of Chesapeake on the West,
and divided from the other part there
of, by right line drawne from the
Promontory or Cape of Land called
Watkins Point (situate in the foresaid
Bay, neere the river of Wighco) on
the West, unto the maine Ocean on
the East.
Omitting boundaries of the Western
Shore, mention of a ten-mile control
seward and the specifications as to
fishing of all sorts, Including whales,
surgeons and all other royal fishes
in the sea-" we find the following:
And Furthermore the Patronages
and Advowsons of all Churches, which
within the Countrey, lies, Iletts and
after to bee erected: together with
Churches, Chapells and Oratories, in
convenient and fit places within the
premises, and to cause them to be ded-
icated, and consecrated according to
the Ecclesiastical Lawes of our King
dom of England: Together with all
and singular the like, and as ample
rights, Jurisdictions, Privileges, Pre-
negatives, Royalties, Liberties, Immu-
mites, Royal rights, and franchises of
what kind soever temporal, as well by
Sea, as by land, within the Countrey,
lies, Iletts, and limits aforesaid; to
have, exercise, use and enjoy the same
as amply as any Bishop of Durham,
within the Bishoprick, or County Pal
atine of Durham, in. our Kingdome of
England, hath at any time heretofore
had, held, used, or enjoyed, or of right
ought, or might have had, held, used
or enjoyed
And him the said now Lord Balte-
more, his HERES and Assignes, Wee
doe by these Presents for Us, our
HERES and Successors, make, create,
and constitute the true and absolute
Lords, and Proprietaries of the Coun-
trey aforesaid, and of all other the
Premises Except before excepted),
saving alwayes, the faith and allie
geance, and Soveraigne dominion due
unto Us, Our HERES and Successors.
The document provides for the an
nual payment of two Indian arrows,
for royal fifth of all the gold and
silver found, and continues:
Now that the said Countrey thus
by US granted, and described, may be
eminent above all other parts of the