Evening star., 1932-05-02
Hoover Message Read at
Opening of Conference on
International Justice.
PAYNE TELLS STATUS
OF NATIONAL DEFENSE
Bishop Freeman Declares Churches
Should Make World Peace
Task of Religion.

Justice constitutes "the safest corner
stone upon which peoples may erect
their entire social organization" dele
gates 10 the annual American Confer
ence on Institutions for the Establish
ment OF International Justice were
informed today in q message from
President Hoover.
The opening sessions Of the confer
ence were held today at the United
States Chamber of Commerce,
From the beginnings of history" the
President said, human beings have
turned TO Justice as the safeguard Of
tnelr nahenable rights to life, liberty
ana pursuit Of happiness. Impartial
justice has offered mankind its most
certain escape from arbitrary power.
Justice is also the safest corner stone
upon which peoples may erect their en-
tire social organization.
Faith In Fair Play.
Now that nations have to function
With more and more regard for the
views and interests Of one another. a
constant attention to the processes of
justice Is vitality necessary. Experience
proves that in every civilized people
tnere Is an abiding faith in fair plav.
In common honesty, In the possibility
OF leSsentng reasons for irritation and
complaint; devotion to elevated pur-
poses OF right, to laws and to impartial
courts. The only assurance of the
equal protection Of all in the eniov-
ment OF their rights is Justice, and
with Justice assured. nations would
nave little to fear for their safety or
their peace.
II, in your special commissions and
III your general conference, you can
aslp 70 promote institutions for the
establishment of a more ADEQUATE ana
more effective international Justice vo,,
Will earn high praise" 'ON
americas national defense fx a. .
minimum, Frederick II. Payne. Assist-
ant secretary of War, declared in q
LAX az the opening session. He pointed
OUT that at the time of the nassaoa
OF the national defense act the size of
ene regular Army was fixed at 2s0. 00o
men men ana the National Guard at 400
OOO. Both have been cut more than so
per cent, the Regular Army now nun
oerlng about 131 900 and the NationaI
Guard about 10000.
Holds Hatred Stil Exists
The good international relations
v Wnicn we enjoy" Payne said, "are NOT,
l am sorry to say, typical Of the whole
moIio' JealousieS, hatreds, fears. con-
tnctS OF interest stalk abroad, much as
tLley olo IN the hrSt decade of this
century. Where then they focused on
single continent, now tfey NAV IJks
neat lightning over the entire surface
OF the globe.
He would be bold, indeed. who would
predict the future travails of our planet
ana would venture to guarantee that
Anerica VIII not be involved in some
tuture catastrophe Of war. He would
40 wen 10 remember that goodwill and
aonorrence OF armed conflict are not
uIscoVerles OF our own generation. They
are American heritages. Yet desnite
paclnc Intentions we have fought no
less than six major wars during our
existence as a nation.
Nor should we forget that in =. world
constituted as we find 1t, much of the
esteem which We enjoy among nations
Is founded on our strength, moral and
material. II we are to hold the respect
Wnlcn Is our due, If we are to insure
up 10 a reasonable point that the ca
Iamltles OF war are not to be visited
upon us, we must set up and maintain
organizations which viii permit the
SAAA0 CAcCLlNe OeVelOpmeQt in
lime OF emergency Of our latent power
tor national defense.
Need Mobilization Framework.
We need no vast armies ready to
entraln and embark for war at the
drop OF a hat. We need rather small
mgn!y trained covering forces behind
which the Nations manpower and re-
sources can be mobilized In an orderly
ana effective manner, and we need the
framework for that mobilization. The
American people have developed and
established defensive system that is
completely conSonant with this sane
ana moderate purpose"
A combined effort Of churches. rov-
ernment and public opinion to produce
enectlVe realization Of world peace
was urged yesterday by Bishop James
y. freeman at a patriotic service of
the organization in Bethlehem Chapel
Washington Cathedral.
All faiths - Catholic, Jewish and
ProteStants-Should make the vision of
world peace the holy task of religion"
Bishop Freeman declared.
John j. Esch, a former member of
tne interstate Commerce Commission,
urged creation of peace machinery
through justice which would settle ali
differences