davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1932-09-21

Domestic wheat markets declined
with foreign markets in mid-September.
under the influence of increased offer
ings of Canadian grain and larger Rus
sian exports. Declines in the security
markets was a further cause Of weak
ness in the domestic wheat situation,
but this influence was largely offset by
more active export inquiry for United
States wheat, as price spreads between
domestic and European markets wild
ened. Rye remained dull while prices of
corn and oats declined to the lowest
point in many years, influenced by
fairly large offerings and continued
limited feeder and shipper demand.
Some export inquiry developed for corn
at the lower prices.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1932-12-29
Negro Fraternal
Organization Facts

Secret societies among Negroes
may be roughly divided into two
classes: the old line societies, such
as Masons. the Odd Fellows. and the
knights of Pythias. and the Benevol-
ent Grand United Order of Galilean
Fisherman and the National Order
of Mosaic Templars. There are over
sixty secret and fraternal organiza-
tions among Negroes in the United
States of more or less national
scope. 1t is estimated-tha they
have a total membership of about p
100000.
Fraternal organizations among Ne
groes have become powerful and in
fluential with invested assets of
many millions of dollars. The Knights
of Pythias have collected over ST.
100000 for endowment. There is
over 100000 in the Grand Lodge
treasury. A considerable part of the
money collected by the orders has
been permanently invested 1t is es-
timated that the Masons have about
S1,300,000 worth of property; the
Odd Fellows, $2,000,000; and the
Pythians, $2,S00,00O. 1t is probable
that altogether the Negro secret So
cieties in the United States own over
$4,000 900 worth of property. The
Odd Fellows have in New Orleans, a
building that cost $4,000, and in
Atlanta and Philadelphia, buildings
that have cost 100000 each. In In
dianapolis, New Orleans and Chi
cago, Knights of Pythias own build
ings each worth from $4,000 to
100000.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1932-12-29

barber shops dc: cleaning. press
ing and tailoring establishments
ll.S e restaurants IL; drug stores
CO; auto mechanics &C..
Many Negro businesses are adapt-
ing the modern tendency of merg-
ing and consolidating for self protee-
ton. \ notable example is the or
ganization of grocery stores operated
by Negroes into cooperative assoei-
ations under the title of Colored
Merchants Association Stores.
Among the cities in which c. NJ.
A. Stores operate are Birmingham.
Montgomery and Selma, Ala; At
lanta, Ca; Chicago, H.; Louisville.
Ky; Jackson. Miss. Omaha. Neb ;
Brooklyn and New York City; Win
ston Salem. N. C.; Tulsa, Okla;
Philadelphia, Pa; Dallas, Texas. and
Norfolk, Va.
Many Negro enterprises have
scored outstanding success in their
respective fields. In the cosmetic
market, The Nine. c. j. Walker Co,
Overton Hygenic Mfg. Co., Murrays
Superior Products and Poro do a
nationwide business, the annual vol
ume of each extending well up in the
six figures. The Hefflin Mfg. Co. of
Los Angeles, Cal, devoted to the
manufacture of furniture and toys,
have factory valued at over $780,
600.
In New York City, Samuel Ham
ilton and William H. Peters operate
taxicab business said to represent
$500,O00.00 investment. They own
$50 special built cabs and employ
more than $50 persons.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1932-12-29
NEGRO FINANCIAL STABILITY
The Substantial Growth of Negro
Theory Of Negroes Handto- Mouth Existence

The general idea that Negroes are poverty stricken
never money and give no thought to the future
is false The attitude of white banks and in
suranee companies toward them has the Negro
into establishing similar institutions of his own in
order secure accommodations generally denied him.
From the standpoint of concentrated capital, the
Negro insurance business shows the largest growth
In 1880 the q members of the National Negro In
suranee Association total insurance in force of
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1932-12-29
NEGROES IN TRADE
Progressive and Ambitious American Negroes Find Ample
Opportunity for Business Careers

The growing commercial-minded-
ness of the Negro is evidenced in
many ways. Perhaps the most i'm
portant indication is the increased
interest manifested by the Race in
acquiring a knowledge of better bus
mess practice and correct methods.
Negroes are now engaged in more
than so different lines of manufac-
ture and ITO different types of re
tail merchandising. The National
Negro Business League recently
made a survey of Negro businesses
in 33 cities. Of the 2.757 enterprises
studied, groceries lead with 49,;
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1932-12-29
Negro Funeral Directors

There are about 5000 Negro flu
neral directors in the United States,
For instance, Philadelphia has 81
listed firms. There are 30 Colored
funeral homes in Harlem, New York
City, and 2 in Milwaukee, Wis. The
total cost of funeral homes owned
by Negroes is $15,000,000 while the
investment in rolling stock owned by
Negro undertakers amounts to $780,
100000.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1932-12-29
Negro Church Statistics

In 1878 the first Negro Church in
America was organized at Silver
Bluff, across the Savannah River
from Augusta, Ga. With each sue
ceeding year, the Negro churches
have increased in number and size so
that there are now 32,427 rural
churches; 10,15S urban churches
2,964,616 rural members; 2,238, $40
urban members; 27,350 rural Sunday
school; 9,O28 urban Sunday schools !;
1,278,485 rural Sunday scholars
S66,068 urban Sunday scholars. The
value of church property amounts
to: rural, $60,051, $40; urban, $145,-
73O,958; total, $205,782,72
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1932-12-29

$26o,174.467Oo of which s169976 az Oh was indus
trial life and S9O.l9S,56o0o was ordinary life The
total assets Of these companies S1S445.79S %
From the time of the Civil War when military
banks We're established at Beaufort S c. and Nor
folk Va, 10 enable coored troops to save money.
down to present era Negroes have made steady prog
ress in banking. There 81 Negro banks cap
italized about So 600 00o with resources of about
100000. ooo. The volume of their annual business
appreximates S100 o0o 600
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1932-12-29
Minister Drops Dead

BILOXI, Miss. - The Rev. James
Thompson, SIS years old, pastor of
Ocean Springs Baptist Church, drop
ped dead while preaching from the
pulpit Sunday.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1932-12-29

The surest way TO rent that va
cant room or apartment is to ad-
vertise in The Enterprise.
Evening star., 1932-09-04
Barless British Pubs With Nurseries
Start Infuriated Drys on Warpath
already | to a hosteIrv.

LONDON.-British drys, already
thoroughly "het up" by the modern
ization Of pubs owned by the liquor in
terests at a cost Of between f35, ,000, 900
and f40, 100000, scent a new element of
danger to the cause of temperance re-
form in plans for entirely new estab-
ishments which make provision for a
children's nursery and do away with
perpendicular" drinking by introduc-
ing the cafeteria system of service.
Motives Attacked.
At a bone-dry conference Just held
in London, it was asserted by several
women speakers that the aim of the
pub owners Is to secure a more per-
manent foothold in the social scheme
of things by providing an attractive
club atmosphere where food as well as
drink is served Certain speakers even
declared that they would prefer to see
children standing in pub doorways in
inclement weather than find them in
pub nurseries surrounded by toys.
1t is therefore with a considerable
amount of irritation that the news has
just been read by the drys that an ex-
pertinent will shortly be carried out on
the new st. Heller estate in Surrey
Will bui lCcc CoJdUllS1l-
ment. This will preclude the stand-up
style of consumption which, as 1t was
testified during the hearings of the
Royal Commission on Licensing, was
the modern tendency and the method
responsible for overindulgence In the
majority Of instances.
Includes Nursery.
This latest pub. which enjoys the
blessing of the London County Council,
will have first and second class cafe
terra, q nursery for children and ade-
quate provision for the dispensation of
soft drinks. What barmaids there are
on the premises viii deal only with the
customers through the mattresses. This
may not prove q popular system with
tnveterate perpendicular drinkers, to
whom Q chat with the barnnaid Is not
enc Of the mincr pleasures ot . visit
Evening star., 1932-09-04

Numerous purchases of machinery
have been made in the United States
In the past fortnight. The low Philip
pine tariff on machinery, Is per cent
in general, 10 per cent on machinery
for public works, makes this possible, as
well as the exchange rates in coVn-
tries that are of the gold standard
and doing business on deprecated cur
rency. British machinery begins find
ing outlets here. yet Britain buys no
Philippine sugar.
The trade in cheap cotton goods in
the Philippines had gone from the
United States to Japan before the Chi
nese boycott when the United States
largely got it back again The reason
was that the Philippine tariff was too
low and the Japanese yen usually too
cheap.
Australia, too, puts in silver oar.
Her pound is now worth about as much
In silver as its par value is in gold;
the Philippines are, therefore, buying
wheat flour, butter and frozen meats
from her, including timed fruits and
preserves: The meat competes with
the Philippines. cutting down the
amount of money the Islands have To
spend in the United States. The -four
competes directly with America's-and
very seriously. Even the London pound
Is now IS per cent below par, while the
Sydney pound is much lower. Exchange
for Australian goods Is fixed in London
but on the basis of moneys worth in
Australia. If Manila buys anything in
| the United States she sends a dollar
2 pesos, to cover dollar Of purchases
But in London she can buy dollar.
equivalent for / "a pesos, or less II Lon.
don is fixing the exchange for Sydney
British imports into the Philippine.
are also getting some Of the dollars tht
islands get from the United States fo
their hemp, coconut products and sugar
fconRrtsht. 1617A
Evening star., 1932-09-04
No New Post Office
BY BRUCE BARTON.

1--WE of the assessors in certain country town smart
business who took any interest in politics un
years ago. A..
what you decide to become candidate for the
board?" asked him. e.
had been in Office for
the They assessed me on
didn't Just assumed must own one ana e IL 90
got myself elected and right away the concu-
many pavements; too motor cops got up at
every meeting and holered for less expense" ,
Up this point thought his talk great But Suooenly
added Il think we're going to have post once Wee
the list OF don't the Government can reay
Offices long other towns are
manufacturer in Louisville visited by comnlttee I'VE
want to join in protest to Washington they SAID 1e
Government proposing abolish the port of Louisville
Think OF it. Louisville is port The port employs egnt
people ..,o-
said he would write Washington and the economy
another idea added II used to live in Mexico
City Right in the middle of the stands the ruStng steel
skeleton of the house which Daz started to be the
house the 900 of the arocracy Diaz
driven out by the revolution and people point to that
ugly skeleton and This monument to our
days Those days past
Washington that they stop work
Federal buildings all the country added I'VE point
to these uncompeted structures There reminder OF
days of insanity days when thought could create
The gentlemans suggestion will be accepted We must
finish what have begun.
But tell these two stories that while people be-
coming interested In governmental inter-
ested in it only for the other fellow.
going to have lower taxes and balanced budgets
Of us alike. ...-.s-- .....r
.----~--lt- SsOnszshs.
Evening star., 1932-09-04
Exchange Rates and Tariff Influence
American Trade With the Philippines

MANILA Philippine Islands.-1hree
weigfty factors are cutting down Amer
lean trade with the Philippines very
rapidly, giving this market to other
countries. These factors are: Cd favor
able exchange rates in the off-gold
countries; CD the low Philippine tariff,
little changed since 1909, and 90 the
movement in Congress to levy duties
on Philippine commodities entering the
United States. American machinery is
particularly affected.
There is cement plant at Cebu
equipped with machinery costing about
iature raised the duty on cement
enough to keep out cement from Japan,
this nlant prepared to double its capac-
,tv-a big order for American ma
chinery. OF course. But the exchange
value of the japanese yen since then
has fallen so much that cement from
Japan is again on the Philippine
I'VE can't sell the 10000 barrels Of
cement q month we are already able
to make, so why double the output?'
the company told an American ma
chinery agent, canceling the order
with Japan's shipping hurt by the
Chinese boycott, her ships can book
cement for the Philippines at very low
rates. to have something besides Goa
tn bring here when they come fol
Manila hemp. Sale Of the cement sets
up a gold credit; the Philippines, like
the United States. are still on gole
basis.
sugar mill wants new engine
bIys It in Germany because the nom
inal price is lower than quotations from
the United States and because lex
change" is more favorable. All sugal
produced In the Philippines goes to thu
United States, New York specifically
for sale; the industry lives on th'
American market and would die with
0pt \ ------,--.-----.----
Evening star., 1932-09-04

to hoStelry.
Outside this pub-restaurant will be q
spacious veranda and garden where
visitors may eat and drink In Con-
tinental style-that is, If the weather
warrants. There will also be a dance
hall capable of accommodating 900 per-
sons. 1t Is the plant Of many drys
that II parents can park their chill
dren In nursery on the pub premises
they will spend more time and money
In such places.
No less a person than the Arch
bishop OF Canterbury welcomes the
nationwide scheme Of pub remodeling.
He says:
II myself believe that a very great
agency for promoting temperance would
be the conversion Of those horrid old
public houses in the nature of drinking
shops, with snugs, secret parlors and
partitions, into roomy, healthy, decent
places OF refreshment where food can
be supplied as well as drink"
TheSe remarks were made to thS
Church Of England Temperance Societs,
wnlcn numbers many individuals who
rear that the rehabilitation of pubs
now In progress will make such places
more attractive to consumers.
Declared Health Menace.
In the battle against John Barley
corn British drys used to make much
use Of the argument that unsanitary
drinking dens were playing havoc with
the health OF the consuming section Of
the community. In recent years be-
tween 30 and 90 per cent of the pubs
Of the country at large have come
under brewery ownership or become
tied" to breweries. with ample funds
available the liquor interests have
sought to disarm the drys and make
more profits by remodeling or rebuild
ing. This scheme or modernization has,
however, caused lamentations even
among the drinkers. especially those who
hate TO witness the Transformation of q
centuries old inn into q mirror-be-
decked modern establishment.
.lu-xa scepysishts isa2A s...x4ASx...
Evening star., 1932-09-04

readiness and took up with him the
question of the commander in chief OF
the American expedition in Siberia. He
proposed two generals, in succession. /
suggested valid reasons for choosing
some one else, although both his men
were efficient officers. He then asked,
who is your MANI" and I replied,
Gen. Graves" He said instantly, Just
the man" There was nothing further
to do, as had the entire movement in
hand.
This expedition had scarcely landed
when what had predicted to the PreSi-
dent occurred. recall meeting Frank
Polk, Undersecretary of State, about
that time. He said with a smile:
"Well, general, your prediction to the
President is coming true. Our advices
are that there are $4,000 japanese in
Manchuria already"
Sending Small Force Crime.
The choice of the commanding gen.
eral of this expedition was fortunate.
Mai. Gen. William S. Graves Is par
ticularly loyal, level-headed and firm,
and all these qualities were tested to
the limit during the American occupa-
ton of Siberia. To the constant efforts
of his British, japanese and French as
sociates to induce him to 60 beyond the
scope of the Presidents aide memoire
he turned a deaf ear Every possible
attack was made upon him, diplomatic,
newspaper, military. At length he had
friction with representatives Of our own
State Department, who formally de-
manded that he proceed along lines not
covered by the Presidents aide memoire
The French and British even went to
the President personally with state
ments against his conduct Of affairs.
With an impulsive commander, who
would have permitted himself to become
embroiled with any of the various fac
tions in Siberia, the 1000 men would
not have been drop in bucket. We
would have had to send 100000 men to
get them out alive. And it is self-evi-
dent that in an enormous territory like
Siberia, then populated by armed bands
of CosSackS, bandits, CZechs, German
and Austrian prisoners of war and Rus
slams for and against their own pro-
visional governments, with all law and
order gone with the cZarist debacle the
sending of a little handful of men like
our expedition was military crime
MY contacts with President Wilson
were always intensely interesting to me.
7 am the son of college professor and
all my early associations were with col
lege men. know the Woodrow Wilson
type. Behind an apparent severity of
appearance he concealed warm and
passionate nature, not hesitating to
indulge in bursts Of profanity and at
times flying into white RACES.
Evening star., 1932-09-04

After I became chief of staff I did
not meet the President for more than
a month. If he wanted to see me knew
he would send for me. This went on
until the return of Secretary Baker
from France. He learned had not met
Mr.. Wilson and suggested that accom-
pany him to cabinet meeting and meet
the President, which I did. This start
ed series of meetings. The Presidents
| attitude toward me was always cordial,
and as the war progressed, more and
more friendly.
One night when I was dining with
President and Mrs. Wilson at the White
House was struck by his saying with
out qualification, that after his term
he would never again accept public
Office. He proposed to acquire a home
somewhere and write the story of his
presidency-his own war story. 1t would
have been a classic.
Chose Baltimore for Home.
I asked him where he wanted to live.
He said he had taken a sheet of paper
and ruled it into columns, at the heads
of which he placed various things he
desired about him or near at hand in
home. At the left of the sheet he
wrote number of possible communities,
Princeton, Baltimore, Washington, etc.
Then he filled in the columns to show,
when summed up, what each city could
furnish him of the things which made
life worth living to him.
In this rating Baltimore came first
and the President determined to live
there after his retirement from the
presidency. But, when the time came,
he was too i'll to undertake a change
from Washington, and possibly other
causes contributed to the final decision
to stay in Washington until his death.
One side of this many-sided man was
his habit of concluding serious discus
sion by humorous turn, often liner
lex. AS an example, I recall his walk
ing over to the War Department one
day. unannounced, and visiting Secre-
tary Bakers office.
Troop Shipment Attacked.
1t was at the height of the influenza
epidemic, and men in camp were dying
like flies. Strong pressure had been
brought upon me to suspend the ship
ment of men to France because, in
spite of all precautions, shiploads of
closely packed soldiers had become in
fected and deNhs reached an appalling
total Many of those landed were in
fected and had to be quarantlned IN
France.
Secretary Baker was in France at the
time of the Presidents visit, the Act
ing Secretary was occupying his office.
I was sent for, and the President said:
Evening star., 1932-09-04
He Who Fights, Etc.
Prom the Milwaukee Sentinel.

From the Milwaukee Sentinel
The ex-kaiser emerges briefly from
obscurity to remark that "the battle
will remain the shining example of
valor." But a quick skedaddle over
the border has helped to preserve more
than one valiant soul to green old
age.
Evening star., 1932-09-04
His Assured Right of Way.

From the Roanoke Times.
There's just one time when the
pedestrian Is given the right Of way
when he's in an ambulance on the
way to q hospital after the accidenk ;
Evening star., 1932-09-04

BY GEN. PEYTON C. MARCH, U. S. A.,
Retired,
Chief of STAFF in World War.
RESIDENT WILSON interfered
IL only twice with the military
operations of the War Depart
l. men during the war while was
chief of staff, and both times
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1932-08-26
800 Blaze
atTargets
World Series of Traps On
Today; Farm Boy Is
PreIim Hero.
BV United Press

BIZ United Press
VANDALIA. D., Aug. 26.-More
than 300 of the continents best
shooters blazed away at clay targets
today in the Grand American han
dicap, the world series of trapshoot-
ing, with the stars still talking of
Bobby Odds sensational victory
Thursday in the preliminary handi-
cap.
The 17-yesr-old farm boy from
Lansing, Mich, sold melons and
pulled onions at IS cents a day to
finance his way to the tourney. Olds
topped TOT of the best marksmen of
the United States, Canada and the
Panama Canal Zone. He broke SO
of 100 targets at twenty-one yards.
c. Ransom of Springfield, ILL.,,
shooting from twenty-one yards,
and E. w. Renfro of Dell, Mont, at
twenty five yards, tied for second
with 90 each Ransom won the
shoot Off, "a to %.
Mrs. E. r. Grigsby Oklahoma
City, shooting from twenty yards.
broke SO to win high honors for
women.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1932-08-26

Cops Harness
Feature Race

BIZ Times Special
SPRINGFIELD. ILL.,. Aug. 26.-The
Marchioness, speedy daughter of
Peter Volo, turned in a straight heat
triumph in the $4,000 added Futur-
ity trot. feature OF Thursdays
Grand Circuit card here.
Will Cation, owner of the winner
Of the 100000 Hambletonian, piloted
the star to victory. turning the first
mile in 2:02 and the second quar-
ter Of a second slower. Calumet
Church was second in both heats.
Zombro Hanover turned in the
fastest time of the year in clicking
of two heats in 2 minutes each to
capture the $1,000 American Pacing
Classic His Majesty set world
record of 2:021a for 2-year-old pac-
ers in the final race, winning in
straight heats