davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1932-09-17
'MUSTACHE MAUDE'
PIONEER WOMAN OF
cow COUNTRY DIES
CoIorfuI Character OF Fort Yates
Area Was Hold-Over From
Early Days

Fort Yates, N. D., Sept. 17.-tP-
Death has taken one of the colorfu
characters Of the days when the In.
dian and cowboy ranged free over the
country now included in North ane
South Dakota west of the Missouri
river.
Here the old settlers are mourning
the death of Clara Belle Black, who
died Tuesday at her little ranch, high
among the foothills west of Fort
Yates.
Known to cowboys and frequenter:
of the glittering palaces of frontier
towns as "Mustache Maude," she was
reputed to be as fearless as the Wild
est gunman and was able to "holc
her own in any company.
When the town of Winona, jus,
across the river from Fort Yates, was
in its heyday, Mrs. Black and her hus-
band came there and opened a big
saloon and gambling house which ca
tered to the soldier and cowboy trade
Here. on the bank of the Missouri
the nights were enlivened by the
pistol shots of hilarious cowboys.
Moved to Siam
Following the abandonment of Wi
mona. the Blacks moved to Siam, at
the forks of the Grand river, which
at that time, 30 years ago, was in the
heart of the cattle country of west
ern South Dakota. Here a few log
shacks served to house a newspaper
a store and some saloons
During the last IS years, Mrs. Black
had engaged in the cattle business fol
herself, and during the first years OF
adjustment often became involved in
litigation.
She appeared in court wearing q
wide-brimmed cowboy hat, a mans
shirt with tobacco tag dangling
from a breast pocket, a short skirt
and sometimes boots.
But it was when she was placed
upon the witness stand that the
crowded courtroom got its greatest
thrill from her ready answers to sharp
questions by opposing lawyers.
Never was neighbor neglected by
Mrs. Black when trouble camped on
his trail. A sick wife, or child; a
shortage of feed in hard winter or
loss of stock brought the immediate
assistance of this woman.
Perfectly at home in crowd OF
cowboys or hardy characters of the
cattle country, Mrs. Black dressed as
the ordinary cowboy. and rode hel
horse right along with the top hands
She could work in the roundup at
branding or shipping time, or could
pitch hay in the field with the best
of them.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1932-09-17
Will Discuss Water
Problems at MinOt

Problems relating to water supply
and sewage disposal In the state will
be given thorough "going-over" at
Minot Sept. rs, ~ and 28 when about
IS city officials and superintendents
Of sewage and waterworks convene
for the fourth annual North Dakota
sewage-waterworks conference.
A round-table discussion on eight
topics will be an important part of
the conference, according to A. l..
Bavone, secretary Of the state organi-
cation, who announced program de-
tails Friday. The topics are pipe cor
rosion, cause and prevention; water
department complaints; service con-
nections, cost, type and size; water
and sewer improvements and the de-
preston; Standardization Of fire hose
threads and nozzles; disinfection of
newly-laid mains; cleaning water and
sewer mains; manholes and gate
valves.
Speakers include Ernest Vogt Of
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1932-09-17

relatives and friends here. Hansen is
q brother Of Mrs. Nels Dronen and a
former resident Of this community.
Mr.. and Mrs. Adolph Bassen and
family were Sunday dinner guests at
the Ernest Schoon home.
Mr.. and Mrs. H. A. Smith enjoyed
a visit from their sons Earl and Ben
ME Smith of Fl. Ransom over the
weekend.
John Heisdorf spent Saturday and
Sunday with friends at Dawson.
Mr.. and Mrs. Nels Dronen and
son George, Mr.. and Mrs. Roy Smith
and family, Ole Hansen and son
Henry and Mr.. Brekke were Sunday
callers at the H. A. Smith home.
Mr.. and Mrs. Allen Van Vleet and
daughter Rosemary spent Sunday aft
ernoon at the Frank Shaffer home.
Clear Lake school opened Monday
with Miss Lillian Hall as teacher.
Ole Hansen, son Henry and Mr..
Brekke were Monday dinner guests at
the Albert Christensen home.
L. B. Olson and Lars Thompson
called at the Albert Hammer home
Monday.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1932-09-17
Clear Lake
By MYRTLE CHRISTENSEN

L. B. Olson returned from the Bis.
marck hospital Wednesday.
Mr.. and Mrsr. H. A. Smith had rela-
tives from Ohio visit them Thursday
Callers in Bismarck from here Fri
day were: Paul Paslay. Mr.. and Mrs
Allen Van Vleet and daughter Rose
mary, MIR. and Mrsr. Albert Christen-
sen and Walter Christensen, and Mr.
and Mrs. Ole Quale.
Mrs. M. j. Olson and Mrs. Robert
Eisenbeisz and Marcella spent Satur-
day with Mrs. Henry Olson.
Ole Hansen and son Henry and Mr..
Brekke of Olympia, Wash, arrived
Saturday evening for visit with
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1932-09-17

Louisville, KY; ]. p. Lawlor, Chica-
go; G. s. Childs, Minneapolis; San
ford Herberg, Minneapolis; w. P.
Tarbell, city engineer, Fargo; Myron
Atkinson, manager water department,
Bismarck: G. G. Ayliffe, superintend-
ent, filtration, Fargo.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1932-09-17
GENERAL CONDITIONS

A high pressure area, accompanied
by cool weather, is centered over the
upper Mississippi Valley and north
ern Great Plains. Light to heavy
frost occurred at many places
throughout North Dakota Lower
pressure and slightly warmer weather
has appeared over the Far Northwest
Generally fair weather prevails in all
sections.
Missouri river stage at a. m. GA it.
"a hour change, 90 tt.
Bismarck station barometer, inches
1882. Reduced to sea level, BOIL.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1932-09-17
Elks Lodge Leaders
Called to Meeting

Fargo, Sept. 17.-.(P)-Elks Lodge
executives of the northwest have been
called together for a conference at
Minneapolis Sunday by Floyd E.
Thompson, Chicago, grand exalted
ruler, to discuss activities OF the last
year and determine policies for 1888.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1932-09-17

"
tied.
For North Da-
kota: General ! y
fair and warmer
tonight: Sunday
somewhat unset
tied, warmer east
portion.
For South Da-
kota: General | y
fair tonight and
Sunday; slightly
warmer toni G h t
northwest portion
warmer Sund a y
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1932-09-17

CdSD Put UIUII.
For Montana: Unsettled tonight
and Sunday: warmer tonight east and
south portions. cooler Sunday.
For Minnesota: Fair tonight and
probably Sunday: warmer Sunday
and in northwest portion tonight;
frost tonight in northeast.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1932-09-17
KILLS EX-WIFE AND SELF

Malta, Mont. Sept. l7.--uP-Peter
w. Berger shot and killed his former
wife, Ruth M. Berger Friday, then
killed himself near Content, 40 miles
south of Malta. Mrs. Berger was
granted divorce Aug. Is.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1932-09-17

Outlook for the period beginning
Monday Sept. 10.
For the upper Mississippi and lower
Missouri Valleys and the northern
and central Great Plains-shower
period near beginning of week and
probably again within latter half;
mostly moderate temperatures during
week.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1932-09-17

Seven of the sons Of Moulay 1smaii,
emperor of Morocco, from 1872 to
1877, assumed the title OF emperor.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1932-09-17
Weather Report
FORECASTS
FAIR

For Bismarck and vicinity: Gener-
ally fair and warmer tonight; Sunday
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1932-09-17

A rather significant fact which one
who talks with political folks Of both
high and low degree is the rather
unanimous distaste they are express
Ing for the initiated clause Of the
constitution. Some, including many
who were strongest for this innova-
ton, along with the referendum and
recall, are beginning to suggest right
Evening star., 1932-02-02

Ann Washington and Miss Luella P.
Chase, sister of the hostess.
Mrs. Ellis has issued no cards and
will be at home tomorrow afternoon at
the same hours. when she will have as
sisting her Mrs. Pierce Butler, Mrs.
Harlan Fiske Stone, Mrs. Owen J.
Roberts, Mrs. William e. Borah, Mrs.
George H Moses, Mrs. James E.
Watson, Mrs. M. A. Coolidge, Mrs. John
Lord O'Brien, Mrs. Frank Mondell, Mrs.
Wallace Dempsey, Mrs. Carey T. Gray
son, Mrs. Charles L. Marlatt, Mrs. Will
ton J. Lambert, Mrs. j. Harry Coving-
ton, Mrs. Bernard B. Jones, Mrs David
Moore, Mrs. John J. Hamilton, Mrs.
Heber VotaW, Mrs. Henry Alvah
Strawn, Mrs. Hayne Ellis, Mrs. Harry
S. New and Miss Louella Chase.
Evening star., 1932-02-02

Mrs. Pou wife of Representative Ed
ward W. Pou, was the honor guest at
luncheon today of Mrs. Charles Fran
els Diggs
Evening star., 1932-02-02
King Neptune at Arts Club
Ball Nies With Mardi Gras Rex,


Two kings of the carnival are about
to ascend their thrones-King Neptune
in this city at the Ball of the Seven
Seas" of the Arts Club, Monday night
at the Willard Hotel, and King Rex
the following night as the grand finale
of the Mardi Gras in New Orleans, in
which that Southern city is reVeling
this week. During this same period
Washington is preparing for its own
celebration Of typical Mardi GraS
characteristics at the famous Bal
Boheme. A spirit of joyousneSs will
pervade the event and the program Of
entertainment is the most varied and
brilliant yet planned for this annual
frolic staged by members of this famous
art organization. Plans have been COM
plted for the pageant, with 100 persons
participating, in the large ball room,
and for the program for the Seaport
Cabaret" in the small ball room, where
singers, musicians and actors will con-
tribute their services for the entertain
ment of those coming to port from
the large ball room.
In the latter. in keep. . with the
motif OF the ball, myria6 Of giant fish
designed and painted under the direc-
ton of Mr.. Clifford K Bergman, vice
chairman Of the Decorations Committee
of the ball. will be swimming" in the
midst of trailing streamers Of seaWeed
and Illuminated by iridescent lights
above the heads of the dancers, giving
an underSea illusion that will be par
tiCularly effective. To this scene the
costumes Of those attending and Of the
participants in the pageant will con-
tribute added atmosphere"
The spectacle as witnessed from the
Evening star., 1932-02-02

The Secretary of State and MRS.
Henry [, Stimson will be the guests in
whose honor the chief of Naval Oper-
ations and Mrs. William V. Pratt Will
entertain at dinner this evening.
Evening star., 1932-02-02

dinner dance at the Shoreham last
night in honor of Capt. and Mrs John
Baedecker, who have been stationed in
New York. Among their other guests
were the Assistant Secretary of the
Treasury and Mrs. Seymour LoWman,
Admiral and Mrs. Frederick c. Bullard,
Commodore and Mrs. Richard Crisp,
Comdr. and Mrs. Russell Waesche,
Comdr. and Mrs. Whitney Prall, Comdr.
and Mrs Charles Odend'hal, Lieut..
Comdr. and Mrs. Charles Cairnes, Con-
structor and Mrs. Frederick HunneWall
and Mr.. and Mrs. Richard Willis of
Mobile, Ala.
Evening star., 1932-02-02

Comdr. Harvey F. Johnson, United
States Coast Guard, entertained at the
Evening star., 1932-02-02

Baron Paul Schell Of the Hungarian
legation will be host at dinner dance
this evening at the MayfoWer.
Evening star., 1932-02-02
Enga cement of Miss Fulmer
To Mr.. Reed Is Announced.

Representative and Mrs. Hampton p.
Fulmer of Orangeburg, S. c., announce
the engagement of their daughter, Villa
Juanita to Mr.. William Ticknor Reed,
son Of Representative and Mrs. Daniel
A. Reed of Dunkirk, N. Y.
Miss Fulmer made her debut in
Washington this Winter, having at
tended Gunston Hall School. Mr.. Reed
is graduate Of Cornell University. No
date has been set for the wedding
Mrs. Pou wife of Representative Ed
ward W. Pou, was the honor guest at
luncheon today of Mrs. Charles Fran
els DiggS
The commandant Of the Navy Yard
and Mrs. Henry Varnum Butler enter
tanned at dinner last evening in honor
of the Secretary of the Navy and Mrs.
Charles Francis Adams. The other
guests were Rear Admiral and Mrs.
Mark L. Bristol Rear Admiral and Mrs.
Ridley Mclean, Rear Admiral and Mrs.
Frank B. Upham. Rear Admiral and
Mrs. Harry P. Huse, Mrs Gretchen
Smith and Lieut.. Comdr. Lucien B.
Green, I'd.
Maj. Gen. William D. Connor, COM
mandant of the War College, was the
guest in whose honor the officers of the
Quartermaster Corps entertained at
luncheon today at the Carlton. The
company numbered rs and music was
furnished by the Army Band
Baron Paul Schell Of the Hungarian
legation will be host at dinner dance
this evening at the Mayfower.
Col and Mrs Henry Hildreth of
Mountain Lakes, N. j., are at the
Dodge during their brief stay in the
Capital
Comdr. Harvey F. johnson, United
States Coast Guard entertained at the
Evening star., 1932-02-02
SOCIETY
Annual Dinner Party of Chief Executive
to the Speaker of the House Tonight.
Mrs. Hoover Attends Concert.

Mrs. Reed, wife of Senator David A.
Reed, will entertain at tea this after
noon when her guests will be the ladies
of the Pennsylvania delegation In Con-
greSS
Evening star., 1932-02-02

Mr.. and Mrs. Walter r. Tuckerman
will entertain at dinner February 90
preceding the George Washington BIZ
centennial ball to be held that evening
at the MayfoWer Hotel.
Mr.. and Mrs. Bruce Gotten Of Balti-
more will be among Mr.. and Mrs
Tuckerman's guests. Mrs. Gotten is
one of committee of 10 women from
Maryland making arrangements for the
entertainment She is chairman of
Continued ON Third Page.)
Evening star., 1932-02-02

Mrs. William Bailey Lamar has re-
turned to the Mayf1ower from New
York, where she has been the guest OF
Mrs. Valeria Langeloth Mrs. Lamar
will remain in Washington for short
while before going to her home at At
lanta, Ga.
Evening star., 1932-02-02

Mrs. Wade II. Ellis is starting an in
novation in holding two afternoons at
home in succession, and on account of
the nearness of Lent 1t Is particularly
convenient.
Mrs. Ellis will be at home this after
noon after $3.50 o'clock. in her resi-
dence at 1440 Massachusetts, avenue,
when she will be assisted by Mrs. Will
liam Howard Taft, Mrs. Wilbur j. Carr,
Mrs. Seymour Lowman, Mrs. Thaddeus
Brown, Mrs. Parker w. West, Mrs.
Lowell Fletcher Hobart, Mrs. George T.
Marye, Miss Grace Burton, Mrs. David
Burnet, Mrs. william Wheatley, Mrs
Timothy T. Ansberry, Mrs Jacob
Leander Loose, Mrs. Harley Peyton Will
son. Mrs. Robert F. Mackenzie, Mrs
Francis Martin Savage, Mrs. Anna Per-
kins Stewart, Miss Janet Richards, Miss
Evening star., 1932-02-02
- RESIDENT and Mrs. Hoover will
j be hosts at dinner this evening,
entertaining in compliment TO
the new Speaker of the House


John N. Garner. Several guests from
out Of town will be entertained at the
White House during their stay.
Mrs. Hoover with group OF guests
will occupy a box at the concert this
afternoon of the Boston Symphony or,
chestra. when Serge Koussevitsky Will
conduct.
Evening star., 1932-02-02

boxes will be one OF magnificence dur
ing the progress of the ball itself and
the presentation of the pageant. Among
those who have recently been added to
the list Of boxholders are Mr.. and Mrs.
Carlton van Valkenbrg, the former
chairman of the ball, who will be in
costume with fish headdress; Mr.. and
Mrs. James Otis Porter, the former as
King Neptune, who Will open the
pageant; Mrs. Willoughby Chesley, Miss
Frances BENJAMIN Johnston, Mrs. Frank
Anderson, Mrs. Christian Heurich, Mrs.
Carl A. Droop, Mrs Hannay, Mrs. L. M.
Pitt, Mr.. and Mrs. viii c. Barnes, Miss
Mary Beckwith, Miss Lucretia Clark and
Miss Aline SolomonS.
Evening star., 1932-02-02

Miss Grace G. Burton viii receive in
formally in her apartment at 210l Con-
necticut avenue February II, l8 and
25, from 4 to o'clock, and has issued
no cards.
Evening star., 1932-06-30
GRETA GARBO Off
MOVIE STAR LIST
M-G.M Officials Uncertain
Whether She Win Sign
New Contract.
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
F,EW YORK, June 30.-Metro- Gold
wyn- Mayer last night announced the
roster Of ls motion picture stars it viii
feature in 1928 production-and
Greta Garbo was not among them.
The Swedish actress, who at times
has been reported anxious to return
to her native country to live. was not
even mentioned in the announcement
of the film company's future plans.
At the M-G.-M Offices here, how
ever, an official said
The only reason Greta Garbo isenot
on the list is that her contract is still
in the process of negotiation, Her
option expired in May and as vet We
do not know whether she will sign a
new contract or not
He expressed the belief the negotia-
tions were being delayed by disagree
ment over Miss Garbo's demand for
higher salary. =,
She is anxious to return to Sweden y
he added, and it is probable she Will
go as soon as negotiations for a new
contract are completed. Her visit,
however. will be only a vacation"
In that connection, it was recalled
that reports had been circulated that
Miss Garbo, after her vacation IN
Sweden. would sign with another COM
pany. This the -Goldwyn Mayer
official discounted. saying:
1T IS quite likely she VIII sign our
contract before she goes. l am sure
she will not leave American pictures"
Among the nsw names on the COM
pany's roster of stars are Clark Gable,
Robert Montgomery. Jackie Cooper,
Helen Hayes and Jimmy Durante. Each
will appear in at least two Of the 81
starring or co-starring pictures for
1925, as also will Marion Davies.
Joan Crawford, Norma Shearer, Marie
Dressler, Ramon Noyarro, Wllllam
Haines and Wallace Berry.
John Gilbert. John Barrymore and
Lionel Barrymore will make at least
one starring production each.
Evening star., 1932-06-30
RETIRING CHIEF FETED

Charles L. Cobb who has been IN
charge of the Washington branch OF
the Crop Loan Office since about March
j, and who today left that position to
return to his home in Rock Hill, S. c.
was feted at dinner by his associates
in the ofiee last night at the University
Club. Mr.. Cobb, whose Office had
charge of loans to 19 eastern seaboard
states. is vice president of the Peoples
National Bank at Rock Hill. During his
tenure approximately s16,00000o has
been loaned to farmers in the area.
H. S. Clark, national director OF the
Crop Loan Once, was among the
attendants at the dinner.
Evening star., 1932-06-30
ToDAY's ADJUSTMENTS.

R-K-o Keith's-"B Bring En- Back
Alive" at II am, 12:4S, 2:S6, 4:24
6:12, and 9:48 pm.
PaIace-"Rcd Headed Woman" at
11:50 am, 1:45, 3:45, $40, TAO and
$40 pm. "Scarface, at IL pm.
Earle-"'The Dark Horse" at 11:15
am. l:5O, 4:40, 7:25 and 1905 pm.
Stage shows at 1880, $40. 6:25 and
e:05 pm.
Loew's Bachelor Affairs" at
il:45 am. 1855. 4:35, 7:l5 and e:15
pm. Stage shows at 1:l0, $3.50, $50
and e:l0 pm.
MetropoIitan-"No Greater Love-" at
I1:l8 am, 1.O4. $50. 4;36, 6:22, S:0s
and 9:56 pm.
Columbia-"Lena Rivers" at 11:10
am, 1855, 2:45. 4:30, $40. $40 and
9:55 pm.
TiyoIi-' Sinners in the Sun" at 2:40,
AIS, 6:15. and 9:45 pm.
Central Beauty and the Boss"
from II am. to II pm.
Ambassador-"As You Desire Me-" at
6.15, 8 and $50 pm.
Evening star., 1932-02-21
IN the
Yesterdays

than 20 the Washington this
height Of 1s2 feet This old
being enlarged after Congress- 1876
laid 4, Fine Comnas
Evening star., 1932-02-21

Looking back 80 view Of Warrington with the
Capitol in the foreground appeared artist in the 1850
The Capitol without the Senate House WINGS built 1850
and 1864 and the dome also only rdent of
Houses little along Pennsylvania
Nogales international., 1932-07-02
guarding every strictly local inter-

guarding every strictly local inter-
est.
"I have long urged reduction in
the membership Of the Legislature
in the interests of both efficiency
and economy. I am glad to observe
the growing recognition of the worth
of this policy I am more firmly con-
vinced than ever, by recent exper-
ience, of the merit of my recon-
mendation that such a reduced leg
islative membership be paid an an
nual salary, or that the split sas-
sion plan be adopted in order to
avoid the evils of haSty legislation.
ct warned the last session of the
legislature against the dangers of
too speedy law making. This was
unheeded, and a special session was
required to correct mistakes in the
motor vehicle law.
"The Chief Executive can only ex-
ercise the powers authorized in the
Constitution or conferred by the
legislature. If he is hampered and
restricted by unwise legislation, his
powers to promote and protect the
public interest are weakened.
Economic Depression
"The social and economic wounds
inflicted by the cruelties of this de-
preston are deep and painful. Like
a great scourge, this panic has set
tied down upon our State. 1t has de-
stroyed our prosperity, thrown thou
sands of our bread winners out OF
EMPLOYMENT, stifled our business in
stitutions and even menaced the
very operation of state government.
Poverty has come to our people
through no fault Of ther own, and
in its wake have followed hunger,
deprivation, worry, and fear con-
cerning the near and ultimate fu-
ture
When I came into office after a
campaign in which the thought of
restoring our lost prosperity had
been uppermost in the minds Of our
people, I found the depression well
advanced. State affairs had been
permitted to drift without plan or
direction. There was not even sllg-
gestion as to cause or effect. found
the conditions appalling. The stag
gering fact was borne home to me
that not only had thousands of our
fellow citizens already lost their
means of making living, but a
menace stalked through the State
striking at the means of livelihood
of every person within her borders.
my first act was to furnish as
much immediate relief as possible
by increasing work upon the state
Nogales international., 1932-07-02
problems of taxation and unemploy-
ment.
Economy

Economy in administration is an
absolute requirement. Notwithstand-
ing the depressed financial condi-
tions existing in this State, the last
State Legislature passed the largest
appropriation bill in our history. AS
Governor, I vetoed approximately
half a million dollars of items in
the general appropriation bill. I was
severely criticized by many at that
time, for my veto actions. That
criticism no longer is heard. 1t is
regrettable that the Chief Execu-
tive cannot veto items in the gen.
eral appropriation bill except in their
entirety. Where there are appro-
priations which he considers exces-
sive for vital function of the State
Government, he is faced with the
alternative of accepting an excess
sive appropriation or crippling a
department by vetoing all it's funds.
Constitutionally, all state expendi-
lures must be authorized by the
Legislature, but our laws should be
amended to permit the Governor to
reduce appropriations, as well as to
exercise the power to veto them.
THE previous Republican admin
Nogales international., 1932-07-02
had by merging them.

had by merging them.
st have consistently resisted the
creation of our Legislature of new
commissions, boards, bureaus and
departments in our State Govern
ment which would add to the gen.
eral tax burden. l am very glad to
see that now there is a general de-
mand for such reorganization and
simplification, even from those who
in the past have opposed all steps
in that direction.
81 have steadfastly opposed the
commission form of government as
being inefficient, wasteful and un-
responsive to public opinion. have
particularly advocated the aboli-
ton of the State Highway Commits
sion.
Human nature cannot be changed
by legislative enactment. The polit-
ical element is not removed from