davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1932-02-08
HYDROGEN |SOT0PE
! DISCOVERED HERE
Result of Experiments May
Explain Fundamental Mys-
terry of Nature.
BY THOMAS r.. HENRY.

The long-sought iSOtope of hydrogen
whose existence may explain one OF
the fundamental mysteries of nature
has just been obtained at the Bureau
of Standards here.
The lightest and most primitive stuff
in all creation which many believe to be
the parent substance Of the universe
has been found to exist in another
form, which is twice as heavy as ordi-
nary hydrogen, by DR.. F. G.. Brick
wedde of the low temperature lab
Oratory at the Bureau OF Standards and
DrS. Harold c. Urey and G. M. Murphy
OF Columbia University.
The new substance was obtained by
'boiling' hydrogen at point very
close to absolute zero. first ordinary
hydrogen gas was reduced to a liquid
under intense pressure. Then the pres
sure was reduced to the point where the
liquid changed into gas again-that is,
boiled" The ordinary hydrogen atoms,
being the lightest, were released first in
this process so that in the end all that
remained was the hydrogen in this
hitherto unknown form. Then the
atomic structure of the new substance
was determined by spectroscopic inves-
legations carried on at Columbia Uni
versity.
Electrons RevOIve.
Hydrogen, DR.. Brickwedde explained
ordinarily has been considered as COM
posed of the simplest sort of atoms. The
atom consists of one unit of negative
electricity, the electron, revolving
eround one unit of positive electricity,
the proton. The proton is 1850 times
heavier than the electron. The next
Elmplest unit of matter was believed
20 be the atom of helium. consisting of
Nour protonS and four electrons. Two of
.he electronS are packed into the nu-
cleuS with the protons. Two of them
Sevolve around the nucleus, somewhat
like planets around the sun.
Right here came the great difficulty.
Any theory of the evolution of matter
required an orderly progression from
the simplest to the most complex forms
that is, the beginning of things had
to be conceived as an undifferentiated
conglomeration of hydrogen Then the
simple hydrogen atoms had to be con-
Evening star., 1932-02-08

KY, this week in an effort to obtain
this years field trials, bench show and
horse show Of the national organization
for Montgomery County, with the
Rockville Fair grounds as headquarters.
Otto w. Anderson, agricultural agent
for this county and secretary Of the
Rockville Chamber of Commerce, prob
ably viii 60, and Clarence L. Gilpin,
president of the Montgomery County
Agricultural Society and connected with
both the Maryland and Montgomery
County Fox Hunters Associations, may
possibly do SO.
The delegation expects to attend a
meeting in Lexington Friday of the
directors of the National Fox Hunters
Association, and will guarantee any
deficit up to $4,000.
Should the county be decided upon 1t
Evening star., 1932-02-08

sidered as coming together by collisions
in a more complex form to constitute
atoms of the next heavier element. This
would have required practically Simul-
taneous skiold collision Of hydrogen
atoms to produce a single helium atom.
The mathematical probabilities were all
against this first step.
Has Different Structure.
The atom of the substance concen-
trated by DR.. Brickwedde, as shown by
spectroscoplc Investigations, consists OF
two protons and two electrons. The
protons and one of the electrons are
packed together in the nucleus, while
the other electron revolves in an orbit
around it. Each one of these atoms Is
exactly half of helium atom. A sim
gle physical combination, by whatever
means brought about, would account for
the step from one element to another
and the first step in the progress OF
the universe from an undifferentiated
conglomeration of hydrogen to all the
multiple forms of matter.
Although twice as heavy as ordinary
hydrogen the isotope is not a new ele-
ment, because the electric charge of its
atom is exactly the same as that of the
lighter substance. One electrOn and one
proton are neutralized by being packed
together in the nucleus SO the charge
depends on the other proton and the
electron revolving in an orbit-which Is
precisely the same condition as obtains
in an atom of ordinary hydrogen.
The isotope, DR.. BrickWedde ex-
planned, exists in all hydrogen. 1t is
colorless, odorless and tasteless. 1t is
exactly like ordinary hydrogen except
for the differences revealed by the
spectroscope 1t exists in ordinary
hydrogen in ratio of about one part
in 1000.
Seeks Concentrated Form.
The liquid hydrogen was boiled at
the Bureau of Standards at a tempera-
ture of about -259 degrees centigrade.
Just IA degrees above the absolute zero
where all movement of particles would
cease. DR.. Brickwedde now is con-
Quoting experiments to secure the
material in a more concentrated form
in which its properties can be better
investigated.
Last April in the same laboratory
helium, next to the lighteSt and most
primitive substance in creation, was
liquified in the low temperature labora-
tory for the first time in the United
States with a temperature within a
very few degrees of absolute zero.
The existence of such substance
as the hydrogen isotope. DR.. Brick
Evening star., 1932-02-08

wedde said, is demanded to account for
the difference between the atomic
weights of hydrogen as determined by
chemists and by physicists.
It is possible, DR.. Brickwedde said,
that there also exists a still heavier
isotope of hydrogen, three times as
heavy as ordinary hydrogen. but with
is so rare, however, that there is little
possibility of discovering it by present
experimental means. 1t also is theo-
retically probable. he says that helium
exists in heavier form. with one more
proton and bound electron in its
nucleus.
Evening star., 1932-02-08
Falls Church Boy Hon0red.

FALLS CHURCH, Va, February g.
Miss Elizabeth Glenn, head of the COM
mercial department Of the jefferson
High School, has been informed that
Kenneth Elliott of Falls Church, who
graduated in June from Jefferson. High
School and who is now a secre+arial
student of the Pacific Extension Uni
versity, has recently been honored by
having his name placed on the ma
tional honor roll of that university for
unusual anti outstanding achievement
Evening star., 1932-02-08
GRANGER IS APPOINTED
Noted Composer to Head Music
Department Of College.

NEW YORK. February 8 (R.-Percy
and composer, has been appointed head
Of the music department Of the New
York University College Of Fine Arts,
it was announced yesterday.
He will succeed Albert Stoessel, who
has become head of the opera depart
ment of the Juilliard Graduate School
Mr.. Granger will be in active duty
next September. In addition to su-
pervising the department, he will teach
classes in musical appreciation and in
comDositiOn
Evening star., 1932-02-08
THE EVENING WASHINGTON

IS thought likely that Washington would
have to be called upon to help enter
tain the many sportsmen from various
parts OF the country expected to attend.
The Washington Board Of Trade is
said to be interested In the movement.
Evening star., 1932-02-08
MONTGOMERY GROUP
TO SEEK HUNT TRIALS
National Association President
Will Head Delegation to Lex
ington Meeting.

Special Dispatch to The Star.
ROCKVILLE, Md, February 8.-Carl
Hunt of Washington, president of the
National Fox Hunters Association, will
head a delegation to visit Lexington,
Evening star., 1932-02-08
new DISCOVERY STOPS !
CAUSE of STOMACH GAS.

In his private practice, Dr.. Carl
discovered the cause of stomach gas
was often in the UPPER bowel. So
he perfected a simple remedy to
wash cut stomach and BOTH upper
and lower bowel. He named this
remedy Adlerika.
Adlerika washes out poisons which
cause gas, nervousness, bad sleep.
Get Adlerika today, in hours you
will be rid of all gas and bowel
poisons. Peoples Drug Stores
Advertisement.
Evening star., 1932-02-08

Brazils population has increased 27
per cent in the last 10 years.
Evening star., 1932-02-08

Two Of The worlds largest |ino|eum makers re-
viewed their lines -. found they we're making
too many patterns decided on the patterns
they would continue to make and made US
special concessions on The n patterns they will
not make again. Tomorrow we place on SALE
The Daily Alaska empire., 1932-04-19
FREE DEMONsTRATIoN

On cake baking by Juneau lWom- ans Club at Legion Dugout Thurs day, 2 P. M. --adv.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1932-04-19
Tonnage Must Be Sacrificed to LoUe!

Fat Men Must Unomantic Life Divorce Walks in Shadow Copuence King La i'd Adpo Tissue Altar Cupid
The Daily Alaska empire., 1932-04-19
(By BYRON PRICE) (Chief of Bureau, The Associated Press, WashingtOn.)

It is a sad but perhaps insvit- able circumstance that the fif- teenth anniversary of the declara- tior of war with Germany should see the affairs of the soldier be- come a football of high politics.
 There. is no dispute at all that many veterans are in dire need, and there is no dispute at all that to vote a cash bonus would under mine seriously the effort to get government expenditures once more in hand. N
 The whole dispute is over the question of political responsibility. Who is to take the blame if help is refused as it seems likely to be? Who will get the credit for fight ing the soldiers battles, and who the credit for fighting the tax payers battles?
 There is more hesitation and straddling just now on this issue than any other before Congress not even excepting prohibition. The courisry will see a pretty political nllx-up before the record of debts and credits finally is handed over to the voters for audit at the polls.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1932-04-19
\ Setback

\ Setback
 The retirement of Congressman Joe Byuns of Tennessee from the Craftsmanship Of the Special Dsm-
The Daily Alaska empire., 1932-04-19
WOODBURY ABBEY TO
 MINE IN BONNIFIELD

Woodbury Abbey. formerly con- nected with the United States Gen. eral Land Office with headquarters in this city, will shortly launch a hydraulic mining operation in the Bonnifield area of the Fairbanks district, hs announced here today He visited local friends while the steamer Alaska was in port M
 MT. Abbe esy was accompanied north by F. J. Mohr, of New York City who is interested with him. They continued north on the same vessel. 5f
 MT. Abbey has been blocking out large tract of placer ground during the past three years and on this operations will be con ductsd this year Hydraulic will be used at the outset, but eventually ! it is intended to put a dredge on the property. he said. sssssx N
The Daily Alaska empire., 1932-04-19
IN ALLATION
 OF RAINBOW IS
 NOTABLE EVENT
Large II Ihrong ,s Attends Ex- ercises and Dance
 in Temple

One of the most interesting and mo1s delightful events of the sea- scn was the installation of off, cers of t'Ihe Girls of the Rain bow" and the dance afterwards Saturday evening in Scottish Rite Temple.
 The Rainbow Girls, all dressed in white, presented a pretty appear ance in the installation exercises, which were held in the lodge room of the Temple
 Mrs. Brice Howard, Worthy Ma tron of the Eastern Star, was in stalling officer. After the exer- cIses, Miss Mary Jeamelste Whit tier, Worthy Advisor of the Rain g5lcw Girls, on behalf of the mem bers. of the new organization, thanked the Eastern Star members and all others who had taken part in affeoting the formation of the Rainbow society.
 Vocal selections were rendered by Mrs. w. c. Ellis and Mrs. HcH- ard. Mrs. Frank DuFresne was aIccompanist
 Mrs. Ellis was presented with a beautiful boquet, a tribute of the grateful feeling entertained for her by members of the Eastern Star, to which she frequently con- tributed her vocal talent.
 The dancing was held in the Auditorium of the Temple. Delic- ious rsfresmments were, served.
 A capacity throng attended the installation and dance.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1932-04-19

ocratic Economy Committee of the House was no surprise to those who eomprehended the length and the breadth of his bcNt from his party organization ca the sales tax.
 Not only was he the only rec ognized leader who spoke and voted against the tax, but he was almost alone in disputing directly the Democratic promise that bal ancing the budget was a necessity.
 Five days after the revolt, the House rose en masSe to agree with Speaker Garner that the bud get must be balanced. Where did that, leave Byrns?
 Of course he retains his place as Chairman of the standing ,Ap- propriationS Committee, but that is net a party office The special Economy Committee, created to pare down spending by MT. Hoover at the other end of Pennsylvania Avenue, was distinctly Democrat is venture, and Byrns is out of it.
 There will be no doubt about the regularity of his successor, Congressman John McDuffie of Alabama. McDuffie is one of Gar ner's closest personal friends, and a picnsar of the Garner -Presi- dent movement. He also is party whip and likes the jcb.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1932-04-19
SCOUT CAMP
 ENROLMENT
 TO BE HELD
Full Attendance Asked for Troop Meetings To-
 night and Tomorrow

Preliminary registration for the Annual Boy Scout Encamplnsnt at Eagle River will be made toniglss and tomorrow at the weekly troop meetings, it was announced today.
 Full attendance of all Scouts Of Troop ell is expected tonight, and of Troop 613 tomorrow even- ing. All boys who expect to go !so camp this June should be on hand at the meetings to signify shslr intentions, so that fairly accurate check may be made.
 Reorganization is necessary be- cause the Scout Council is pur- chasing new equipment this year and the amount purchased will be regulated by the number of Scouts attending the encampment.
 The Outing this year will start Monday, June 6, and will con- tinue until Saturday. June IS.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1932-04-19
POLITICS a Razzaom

ably is the biggest myth in politi- cal circles.
 Except where there were renom- irlstions, 1t is doubtful whether any Presidential candidate in history ever get the nomination by running for it. The headquarters that are set up, and the banners and buttons that are distributed by such aspirants at convention time become the laughing stock of the town.
 The winner invariably is-again excepting renominations-either a man who has had substantial sup port for the Presidency itself, or ene who has not been canrii- date at all
 Vice Presidential nominees are chosen in one of two ways, always after the Presidential nomination has been settled.
 The usual procedure is for group of the right people to as- senlble about midnight in one of thoge proverbial smoke-filled ho- tsl room conferences, and consult the new head of the ticket by telephone. Then all that remains is for the convention to rasify the decision.
 The unusual case-it happened when Coolidge was nominated at Chicago, and when Dawes was nominated at Clevetand--is when the convention gets up on its back legs, overturns its leaders, and takes its own pick
 Either way, bets on the result are good bets to leave alone.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1932-04-19
PLANE COMES BACK FROM ITS
 RYDER FLIGHT
Alaska Treasurer Continues Examination of De-
 funct Bank

 From Hyder, the seaplane Chich- ag3f. Pilot Anscel Eckmann and Mechanic c. Graham, returned late yesterday afternoon to Juneau. M. E. Monagle, attorney. was a passenger.
 The aircraft made stops at Ketchikan and Petersburg. From the former to the latter city, the aircrals calriei J. w Gucker, travelling salesman.
 Fast Flying Time
 From Ketchikan to Juneau, the rlane occupied only 2 hours and 5 minutes flying time. .ss a.,4. The Chichagof left Juneau Sat-
The Daily Alaska empire., 1932-04-19

urday for Hyder, taking Territorial Treasurer w. c. Smith and Mrs. Menagle there on business in con nection with the Bank of Hyder, which wenlt into recGivership last week.
 Remained At Hyder MT. Smith IS a member of the Territorial Barking Board. He re- mained at Hyder.
 Recent reports from Hyder are to the effect that the affairs of the defunct bank are in much better condition than was supposed here when the failure was first reported.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1932-04-19
b. F. D. DANCE

Annual D. F. D. Dance April 30. Don't forget the date. --adv.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1932-04-19
Plenty of Aspirants

Presidential candidates are sprouting tRlickly in beth parties these days, proving that mature does not change, and credul.ty springs eternal in the human heant.
 The belief that a -conven- tion campaign helps an aspirant for second place on the ticket prob
The Daily Alaska empire., 1932-04-19
Remained At Hyder
GET YOUR TICKETS

For the Salvation Army Life Saw ing Guard' demonstration, Odd Fellows Hall, May 2, at Butler Mauro Drug co. or Garnick's Gro- cery. 25 cents. -adv.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1932-04-19

More than 5000 of the 7,75o school districts in Missouri have fewer than 20 pupils in average daily attendance.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1932-04-19

moderately low from Southern Alaska tn Pacific States British Columbia, liz Alaska moderate North Pacific pressure the with clear to partly cloudy Interior Alaska Temperature changes have
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1932-07-01
Give Up Fight for
Northern Airmail

Washington, July 1.-(P-The SELL
ate Friday receded from its stand for
100000 appropriation for extending
the northern transcontinental air
route from the Twin Cities to Seattle.
Senator Jones. (Rep., Wash.), said
he made the motion reluctantly in
the face Of refusal of the house to
yield and in order that the item might
no longer hold up the bill carrying
appropriations for the state, Justice
commerce, and labor departments.
The senate voted 100000 for the
route, but the house conferees baked
at both this and compromise $780,
600 which was proposed.
The action ended the controversy
which has held up the eighth of the
II annual appropriation bills that
making appropriations for the state,
justice, commerce and labor depart
mentS.
Formal house agreement to the con-
ference report remains to send it to
the white house.
Senator Jones said the bill carries
other funds which may be used for
the route and expressed belief the
matter can be very satisfactorily
worked out"
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1932-07-01
Fife and Drum Band
To Perform at Post

An exhibition by the fife and drum
band of the Winnipeg Grenadiers will
be given at the Fort Lincoln parade
ground at 1 p. m. Saturday, accord.
ing to Citizens Military Training
camp officials.
The Winnipeg visitors will be
quartered at the camp tonight.
The G. M. T. C. band, including IS
young soldiers directed by Staff Ser
geant Albert Fonaas, Fort Smelling
is practicing daily at the camp.
Results of athletic contests at the
c. M. T. c. camp Thursday afternoon
and evening follow:
Baseball
Company L-6; Company Ms.
Company 10; Company K-O.
DiamOndball
Company L-21; Company NO.
Company II; Company K-O.
Boxing
Observation-Disclosures, COMPANY
X, won decision over Odegaard, Com
pany I.
Featherweight = Fugelson, Com
pany l., won decision over Dolby,
Company K.
Observation-Disclosures, Company
n, won decision over Bergland, Com
pany I.
Wrestling
B. Klude, Company M, threw l..
Houchen, Company L.
Rykken, Company X, threw Hane-
man, Company L.
6. Houcken, Company L, won de-
cislon over c. kludt, Company M.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1932-07-01
Three County Races
In Logan Were Close
tribune Special Seryice)

Napoleon, N. D., July 1.-Contests
for register of deeds. clerk of court
and states attorney were the closest
in Logan county Wednesday, accord
ing to returns from Wednesdays pri-
mary tabulated by Auditor A. H.
Time.
Votes were cast as follows in
Logan:
For sheriff-Franc Braun S75;
Frank Seska 2SS; M. C. Gau 357; and
Ed. Knoll 1,013.
For REGISTER Of deeds-Henry Ora
bau 1888; Rudolph Hochhalter 1,417.
For county superintendent-Ruth
Shepard II; Leo Burnstad 1892.
For clerk of court-William A.
Arntz 1854; and David Eslinger L.
451.
For county auditor-Fred Wendt
ZIG; and A. H. Time 2,129.
For county treasurer-E. F. Neu-
man 673; E. A. Wellan 1910; and
John Widmer SIG.
For county judge-Emanuel Dor
helm GIG; A. M. Massett 246; and
A. A. Silbernagel 1,544.
For states attorney-A ugust
Doerr 1901; and R. F. Wagner, 1868.
For county commissioner (third
district)-Ed. Kruger 476; and A.
B. Seller 225.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1932-07-01
Sore Feet Common Among Democrats
AS Many March in Numerous Parades

Chicago. July 1.-lP-When
all the parades in the Chicago
stadium were laid end to end
there were a lot of sore feet.
Many Democrats have done more
walking in the last "a hours than
they had done in "a days. The
mileague was impressive.
The unemcumbered paraders,
unarmed and simply going for
the walk, were the amateurs.
The men and women carrying a
flag or standard in one hand a
rattle, tamborine or bell in the
other were the pros. They lost
their amateur standing at some
other convention, many years
ago.
The Chicago stadium with a
sparse few thousand occupants
no doubt is a comfortable place
in which to watch a sporting
event, especially a hockey game.
Pack $4,000 to 10000 persons
around and above the arena and
it is something else again. 1t is
hot enough stilling still with
fan on each side. Only the rug
ged can parade under such con-
ditionS.
The veterans Of other conven-
tions loomed above their march,
ing fellows. They paid no atten-
ton to the weather, the condition
of the track nor the fact that
many of them were allotted
weight for age. They knew their
paradeS.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1932-07-01

One perspiring marcher sniff
fed as friendly spectator gave
him wave from a fan.
Don't mind me-" he said, Il
did this for Bryan"
Some of the girls got break.
Gallant fellow delegates lifted
them on shoulders and carried
them around the hall, letting the
drops of perspiration fall where
they might.
AS speakers approached the
climax, friendly delegates were
on their marks ready for the gun
the candidates name-to leap
into the aisle with uprasied STAN
dard. Some standards were zeal
ously guarded. Others were free
and easy and one was trotted
out for at least three demon
STATIONS.
Although a great majority took
their hiking in all seriousness,
some of the boys, it seemed, came
just for the parades. They were
in several. One perspiring in
dividual. with several laps behind
him, staggered through an en-
trance during a seconding speech
to ask:
who's neXt?"
Tall young Jimmie Roosevelt
enjoyed two workouts, matinee
and night. After the parade for
his father some of his close
friends took the floor for another
candidate and Jimmie fell in
with them. He was broad mind
cd
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1932-07-01
STATE BANNER IS
in FIRST PARADE
Pagenkopf's Noise-Maker Loses
Power in Din at Big Con-
vention Hall

Chicago, July 1.-(P-North Dako.
ta'S banner swung into it's first parade
OF the Democratic convention Thurs
day when Governor Roosevelt, sup
ported by nine of the 10 delegates,
was nominated and his hackers pro-
vided a noisy demonstration for him.
DR.. R. H. Leavitt, Carson physician
and chairman of the delegation. car
ried the banner and all but George
T. Murray, brother of the Oklahoma
governor, joined in march about the
convention hall adding to the din of
shouts, music and tramping feet.
1t was one of the last delegations to
resume its seats and of the group, A..
c. Pagenkopf of Dickinson. was the
last to sit down. A mechanical noise
maker which he brought for the oc-
casion turned out to be big sue
cess" he said.
He tested it out on the North Da-
kota prairieS and found it could be
heard for three miles on a quiet day
but he was out Of luck making him.
self heard more than 10 feet. away
during most of the demonstration.
The North Dakota group, except for
Murray, notified Roosevelt headquar-
tiers it would support him on every
ballot if lone hundred are required"
P. w. Lanier of Jamestown said he
was notified he won the Democratic
nomination for U. S. Senator in We'd
nesday's North Dakota primary and
received the congratulations of other
delegates. He announced he will be-
gin his campaign in preparation for
the November election Immediately
upon his return after the convention.