davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1932-08-08

FOR RENT-Nicely furnished room
IN new modern home. Always hot
water. Positive private entrance;
absolute privacy for roomers. OBJ
poslte st. Alexius Nurses Home.
Call at BOT 10th st. or nhone oo1
Evening star., 1932-02-14
IL TO 18 YEARS MINIMUM
DRIVERS AGE LIMITS
Most States, Including District
Fix 16 Years as Youngest to
Operate Cars.

The minimum age limit fixed BY
State laws for operators of motor
vehicles varies from IL to 10 years
while IL States have omitted age re-
auirements from their statutes, accord
ing to the District of Columbia division
of the American Automobile Assoeia
ton.
The statement is based ON sum-
mary of State motor vehicle fegistra-
tion and license laws compiled by A. A
A. national headquarters and recently
made public
II was pointed out that l6 years Is
the minimum age limit for operators OF
motor vehicles favored by the greatest
number of States, being in effect in IL
States and the District of Columbia
The A. A. A. club listed the minimum
age limits for the various States as
follows: IL years, South Carolina; Il
years, Kansas; IA years, Florida, Miohi-
gan and New Mexico; Is years, Cela-
rade, Iowa, Nevada, South Dakota
Washington, West Virginia and Wye
ming; 10 years. Alabama, California
Connecticut, Delaware, Georgia, Ken
lucky, Maryland Massachusetts,, Mis-
souri,, Nebraska, New Hampshire, North
Carelina, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania
Rhode Island, Utah. Wisconsin and the
District of Columbia; II years, New
Jersey; 10 years, Arizena, Indiana
Maine, New York and Vermont.
The States which have emitted re,
quirements are listed as follows: AFkan'
sas, Idahe, Illinois, Louisiana, Mime.
seta. Mississippi, Montana, North
Dakota, Oklahoma, Tennessee. Texas
and Virginia.
Evening star., 1932-02-14
PROPER HEADLIGHT USE
URGED BY ANA. MANAGER

Reduced visibility in the fern ef
shorter days, fog, rain and cleudiness
is the seasonal weather hazard against
which motor car owners must be most
on thsir guard according to the Amer
ican Motorists Association. The sit
uation dictates particular attention to
those features of the car which contrib
uate to improving visibility in the epin-
: ion of officials of the national motoring
organization,
Into this category they place head
lights, windshield cleaners and rear
view mirrors.
Motorists are turning On their head
lights much earlier and using them for
much longer intervals these days" says
Thomas J. Keefe. general manager Of
the American Motorists Association,
THAT means the whole trafie stream Is
dependent upon artificial lighting and
that glare is consequently more danger
Gus. So also for that matter, Is insufia-
eient light, which many motorists do
not know Is causing them trouble.
Now is the time not only to have
lights properly adjusted, but to have re-
fiectors cleaned and to replace bulbs nc
longer giving the requisite amount Of
light. Defective headlishting becomes
doubly dangerous when wet pavements
tend to cause Thousands of dancing re-
feotiens that axe not RafMAliy present
but which are Q regular Fall phsaeme.
man,
Evening star., 1932-02-14
FEDERAL AID ROADS
CARRY HEAVY TRAFFIC
Half of Rural Vehicles Travel on
U. s. Highways, Says State
Official.

Although only one fifteenth of the
roads are in the Federal-aid system,
they carry at least half OF the country s
rural traffic.
This statement was made here by
Frederic e, Everett, president of the
American Association Oh state High
way Officials, in directing attention to
the value of the I per cent of the roads
in each State being improved with Fed
eral assistance
Annual travel over the Federal-aid
system reaches an incomprehensible
figure" said Mr. Everett. Gasoline
consumption and other factors indicate
that American motorists travel in ex-
cess of io0,060600,00 miles over
country roads each year. On that
basis, it is estimated that almost 50,-
600 100000 miles of travel is ever the
Fedefalaid System, which means an
average daily trafac flow of about 7he
vehicles per mile.
When we think of the annual Fed
eral contribution to road bettefment we
must do so more in regard, to service
purchased than to the number Of dol
lars expended. Clearly the improve
ments made on the Federal-aid system
almost cent a mile, for the 1a7,e06-
mile system by July of 1891 contained
76,3OO miles of high-type pavement and
an sdditiena. 1890 miles of interme-
diate type and low type surfaces. Since
Federal funds are about AZ per cent on
the average of the entire read eests,
Federal expenditures are responsible for
almost Y cent of the reduetian in car
operating costs, On that basis Federal
aid returns dividends Of about $780,
600 900 . year, That is mighty pleas
ing return on the present annual In
vestmeat OF less than half that SUM-"
Evening star., 1932-02-14
FORD BRINGS REVOLUTIONARY
IDEAS TO AUTOMOBILE TRADE
INTERCHANGEABLE Motors for Chassis, Easier
Payment Plans and Vacuum Clutches
Biz Factors in Motor Industry.

motive Engineers, is the head. 1t is
one OF half a dozen new things that
has come from this engineering group
within the last half year and found
quick adoption. Both General Motors
and Chrysler have utilized 1T on various
models and it will be applied extensively
on forthcoming new jobs during the
Sprung months.
What first put Vincent Bendix in the
spotlight as inventor was the famiiia r
form of starter drive bearing his name.
which was brought out in 1913. The
rights to it were bought by the Eclipse
Machine Co., of which +. J. Dunn was
the head, and from 1914 its progress
was rapid until it virtually became one
of the standard meehanisms for the
entire industry. Not without opposi-
ton, however for Joseph Blur. a sec
ond inventor, claimed patent rights on
the screW-shift mechanism used in It
Litigation was carried on between the
parties and companies interested until
1928, when Blur sold out to the Eclipse
company.
1t is a matter Of record that prior
to Mr., Drnn's deal for the starter
drive, Bendix showed it to two other
manufacturers who said it was useless
braklng, among the other divisions Of
car control, is coming in for added i'm.
provement by the inventors, largely be-
cause free wheeling calls for greater
brake capacity and strength. brake
operating ON screw W-thread principle
(Stewart-Warner) has been developed
whereby a car is made to retard an6
stop itself by its own traction. The
basis of it is power multiplying mech.
anism which with conventional brake
pedal action becomes as easy of opera
ton as the accelerator.
Tires. certain of the Akron companies
would have us believe, are to provide
improved riding comfort through the
development of the air wheel type
exploited as an improvement on the
balloons. With virtually no spokes as
in the conventional wheel. the new tire:
have been built as the result of eXperi-
ence with tire equipment ON airplanes
The tire is mounted on a centerpiecs
shaped like an overgrown hub. 1t op-
crates an 10 to IL pounds of air and i,
bulkier, with greater cushinning effeet
than the balloon. The new type is ir
production and reports on it have beer
favorable
(Copyrisht. 1888, by the North American
Newspaper Alliance, 1nc1
Evening star., 1932-02-14
PROGRESS SlGNlFIED
BY ROAD DEDICATION
Communities Building Highways
That Will Cheaper Travel
ing Costs.

During the last few weeks, at the
termination of active 1891 highway
building throughout the country, road
dedieatiens have been held IN great
numbers, and the attendance ana en-
thusiasm at them indicate that many
feel that dedioatl0ns are not dull aHalfs
without significance.
Road dedications may be taken as a
symbol of progress. Until in quite re-
advance beyond the methods of the
ancient Caesars. Now the splendla
highways that are being built signify
that man at last has conquered In no
uncertain fashion the problems of NOV
ing himself and his goods about with
dispatch and cheapness. ,,
True, archaic road building Is still
with us, but not at all in the degree
it was a decade ago. Growing num-
bers of communities are completely IN
step with modern methods, and by that
is meant that communities are building
roads that will last, pavements that
over a period of years reduce all the
items of the cost of travel to the very
lowest degree.
1t is very doubtful If in all the country
this year a road was officially dedicated
that was constructed of impermanent
materials To dedicate is to eonseerate, /,
there would be little logic in dedieating
highway that needed patching short
ly after the wheels of the dedieatery
parade had rolled on.
From ToccOa. Ga. comes word of the
recent dedication of a stretch of con-
crete pavement-a stretch only four
miles long, yet pavement of untold
significance. This new pavement not
only gives Atlanta her first paved route
to North Carolina, but it links Atlanta
to New York City and to Quebec, Can
ada, over concrete.
Shortly residents of the magnificent
Maumee River Valley in Northwestern
Ohio will dedicate the completion of the
concreting of U. s. "a, which connects
Toledo with Fort Wayne, Ind. This
pavement traverses a natural parkway
Of Overwhelming beauty along the Maui
meo-truly the type of highway that
deserves dedication.
Until the recent completion of U. s.
so in their State, Kentuekians travelling
from Cincinnati to Louisville Of neees-
sty did most of their motoring In In
dana and Ohio. Now smeeth concrete
keens Kentuekians in their ewn State
and they travel less by SO miles be-
tween the two cities than formerly
Needless to say this highway was dedi-
Gated and with coed reason.
Evening star., 1932-02-14
In the Motor World
BY G. ADAMS HOWARD.

with the necessary detailed ad-
ministrative regulations consist
ent Herewith. It recommended
periodic inspection of all vehicles
in the State, pointing out that
such inspections should be under
rigid State supervision and prefer
ably under authorization by State
law.
Many States have already
realized the Importance of
periodical inspection of motor We
hicles and the following States
have adopted such inspection
Laws: Pennsylvania, New Jersey,
Mns.aehusetts, New Hampshire,
Maryland, Delaware and New
Mexico Other States such as
New Yori', Vermont and Rhode
Island will have motor vehicle
equipment inspection bills intro
duCed at their coming State leg
islative sessions. These bills
should have the active support of
every one interested in street and
highway safety. Pennsylvania's
motor vehicle inspection law re-
quireS all motor vehicles reg
istered in the State to be in
spected within a three months
period of time. Their campaign
began on January !, New Jersey
plans to hold a similar campaign
sometime early in the Spring of
this year.
"In 1890 nine States conducted
saves a-life motor vehicle equip
ment inspection campaigns. A
total of 3,4l4,997 cars were in
speCted. In this campaign l,000,-
600 defective brakes were cor
rected, 100000 defective lights
adjusted and al7,0OO defective
steering mechanisms were put
into first class condition, These
campaigns were inaugurated upon
proclamation of the governor and
were conducted by the commits
sioners of motor vehicles.
Every State in the Union
where it is possible to conduct
motor vehicle equipment inspec-
ton campaigns should do so this
year; first, because it is a safety
measure of primary Importance
paigns will give employment to
hundreds of thousands of men
now out of work. 1t takes labor
and material to put unsafe cars
in safe condition; the cotton
industry will benefit in the sale
of millions of feet of brake lin
ing, the steel industry will bene-
fit in the sale of small tools,
equipment and requirements for
worn-out parts; the light bulb
industry viii benefit, as will the
glass industry, in the sale OF mil
lions of bulbs to insure safe drlv-
ing at night; the rubber industry
will benefit in the replacement of
millions of Windshield-wipe
blades, which are at the present
time defective These campaigns
will not only give employment TO
thousands of men that are out of
work, but they will pay for them
selves many times over in the
saving of life and in the saving of
the expense of accidents"
Evening star., 1932-02-14
Some ingenious work has been Sc

Some ingenious work has been &C.
complished in the way of sound
proofing the cars body. In the case
of the all-steel type this has been done
BY treating the inside with special
comp sitiQn which deadens noise
Sc,ieWhat the same treatment is m2ds
in the case of roof Stats where bOIicz
are OF the corposltlen type, Here,
however, the plastic material Is In
serted in order to form sound
deadening joint,
All manufacturers are guarding
against bedy noises which, with todays
remarkably silent chassis, would be ds-
tracing to the motorist A canary
in the car today can be more annoying
than the racket that used to be takeT
for granted.
The actual insulating of the metal
panels OF the body Is accomplished by
pressure applied plastic material which
has a texture closely resembling that
of felt. To this, heWeVer, is added an
outer layer of felt padding which is
covering. In addition, the gooden
parts of the composition body are citen
impregnated with toxic chemicals to
prevent rotting. This means that as
he car ages it should not develop the
usual sQueaEs.
All this is conceded under brilliant
lacquer and queeniy upholstery. You
do not see any CT it unless you happen
to want to rip up the floor boards.
Here you may be surprised to discover
that In addition TO the composition,
cork and felt treatment the boards
Themselves may be made of thinner
sections, laminated. One part of the
car that has always been a fruitful
source Of noise IS the seat pan over the
rear axle housing. Today this section
is heavily padded to that even though
the passenger rides nearer the rear end
he hears none of the grinding, hum
ming and drumming that was once
taken fer granted.
Shackle noises have been banlShed
to a large degree by rubber, automatic
fabrication, ball bearings and self
tightening devices. Free wheeling has
ouieted even the stifled motor, while
the synchromesh transmission has put
an end to gear crashing. More and
mare cars are coming through with
springs completely encased for lifetime
silence service.
Nodded brake lining has silenced
manv a squeal- New tire treads are
curing tire hum. Lubricati-n is
sileneing valve taupets and those more
remote parts of the engine which for
merlY raped and tapped.
TIE biz noise today is silence. And
silence means safety.
'oenyrisht' 1899. the Russell seTviee1
Evening star., 1932-02-14
Milady's Motoring
BY FREDERICK c. RUSSELL

it is always overtaxed and might Just
as well be iaferier.
There are tco many bargains IN hieh-
grade products without riskiEs ner-
rtandiEe that cannot possibly give
value,
Have YOU remembered to ask one Of
the men al the garage to 60 over the
nuts that hold tre licens7 plates to the
brackets? This is lust about thu time
the plates tend to come loose ana arop
off. espec ialv if they Wer1 installed
hastily vixen the year eawned.
W1men WHO figure closely would
ssaGs the thrill of extravaganza could
thev bat lock over same Of the de luxe
enuirrent available in New Nolk motor
n'art3. Silyer ga6gets for tire radiator
cap that run to $50 and the like. Lap
robes that lo-k fit for cinema stars run
to nearly three figures, while innocent
little pillows fetch anY where from $40
to S25. In spite of loud advertising of
hard times, mi,ady can 60 so far as to
purchase a fai1e front for her present
car. lust to bring it into the class with
these sWankily pointed current models
And must not forget those tonneau
floor coverings Wnlch look like the
queens bath mat, elittering with silver
colpred folds and soft like a rare pelt
Many women who still know where to-
moTrow's groceries are coming from
track wet rubhers over these rare mats,
and charge it all to depreeiation-or
maybe to sugar daddy.
If you didn't guess the questions
above here are the answers:
l. Nothing. A clutch pedal should
have ab-ut one inch Of slack, other
wise the clutch isn't prop rly adjusted
q. This is caused by condensation
The pipe heats, then chills. Water
forms.
3. just wait. Let the starter pinien
stop spinning before touching the
starter button again.
Evening star., 1932-02-14
SILENCING OF NEW MOTOR CARS
BIG NOISE OF AUTO INDUSTRY
Phase Of Automotive Engineering Long
Needed Enters Business With Bang.
Every Note Is Being Eliminated
1t thunders throughout motordom al

1t thunders throughout motordom as
the biggest noise of the current flock
| OF innovations-but it is simply silence
| Whether you call it silence engineer
ing" noise insulation" or "soothing
silence" it is the same laundering
announcement of the fact that the
engineers are determined to send autc-
| mobile noise the way of the hand crank
and linen duster.
Soon it ought to be possible to hear
. driver think. Already the car has
been sileneed in so many details that
there have been comnlaints of noise
from the windshield wiper. Some pas
i Sengers even claim to be able to hear
the fluids swishing around IN the shock
absorbers
| Undaunted. engineers go merrily
ahead trying to track down every
vesti8e of noise annoyance. They are
determined to make automobiles safe
for noise.
1t hasn't been merely q matter of
! insulation. True. by lining the floors
! and tos boards with asbestos and cork,
not to mention the use of felt and rub
| ber under the mats, it has been pos
sible TO keep noise from drumming into
the cars interior. But sound-pr~ ofing
goes deeper. In virtually every one of
the latest cars silence starts with the
motors.
This has been a man size job. Only
few years ago when higher compress
| sion came into the picture the motcrs
| roared. We thought it was a necessary
sacrifice which had to be made in the
interests of progress but engineers
| learned to stop the ringing" of the
exhaust manifold. They drew out the
| tail pipe and did tricks with the muf-
| fed Today some cars have 6-te-l
compression ratio and purr as con-
tentedly as q kitten.
| The use of rubber for engine mount
| ing has served to check the torque
vibrations which ordinarily reach the
| frame and are telegraped to the car S
body This encouraged interest in an
extension of the insulation idea with
the result that the muftler and entire
exhaust line are effectively insulated
! from the frame. On one ear the shock
absorbers themselves are set in rubber.
1t was found that the ingoing gases
| were a constant source of annoyance.
! They hissed at normal speeds. and
roared with an open throttle. In fact
much Of what was considered to be
exhaust roar really originated in the
! intake This was solved by attaching
| the intake silencer. This year the fan,
| which was discovered to be a bod
offender, has been made to run silently
hv the simple scheme of ARRANGING the
| blades in pairs instead of spaeing them
| evenly around the hub. Tho neW-type
| fan is said to be "asvmmetrical."
Evening star., 1932-02-14
LOCAL ROAD HELD
PAVING PROBLEM
Bad Nearby Highways Pre-.
sent Separate Question
to Authorities.

Although the improvement Of the
most used roads is the paramount road
building task the great mileage of local
roads in need Of some sort of improve
ment has directed considerable atten-
ton to ways and means OF making
them better without undue outlays of
cash.
But in planning a campaign against
had local roads the problem must be
approached in a somewhat different
light than when considering main
State highways. The inhibtions built
up by many years Of building main
roads must be cast aside. The local
road is a distinct problem in itself
Selection of surface type for the lo-
cal road is particularly diffleult prob
lem. The cost must be within reason
and within the ability of the commu-
nifty to pay Yet at the same time the
road must last. else the investment will
foregone failure. Then, too the mat
ter of length of paving and paving
quality work at cross purposes.
Local communities in astonishing
number however, have met and are
meeting the difficulties with success
Single lane pavements of concrete. nine
or ten feet wide. have been found to
be as satisfactory for lightly travelled
local roads as full width concrete is for
main reads. The single lane pavement
has all the attributes of the full width
paving and can be built for approxi-
mately half the cost The reduced
width has an amazing efficiency 1t
has been determined that where 500
cars daily use single width paving, the
average driver will be on the pavement
surface SO per cent of the time. With
daily traffic of 800 ears the average
motorist will be on the pavement SO
per cent of the time
BY installing single lane pavement
the first requisite of good road is
observed and that is the placement OF
a surface that will last without high
upkeep costs. Neither the local road
nor the main road problem can be
solved by laying surfaces that must be
replaced every five or ten years or sur
faces that require high upkeep out
lays.
Local communities can make amaz-
ing highway progress by laying few
miles at time of single lane paving
as funds permit, for each mile built
! reduces maintenance costs to mini
mum and the money so saved can be
devoted to more pavement.
The savings that go with proper paw
ing are illustrated in Iowa where 467G
miles of full width concrete are in serv-
ice. Recently the Iowa State Highway
| Commission stated that because of this
pavement it would cost $l,400,600 less
to maintain a,S69 miles of primary
road in la3a than 1t cost to maintain
ITO miles In 1928.
Evening star., 1932-02-14
ODD THINGS COME
TO TRAFFIC COURT
Watches. Rings, Even Tires, Left
by Motorists With Justice
of the Peace.

Special Dispatch to The Star.
BALTIMORE, February 13.-Magis-
trate Edward j. Hermann, the Justice
of the peace at Golden Ring, whose
beaming oountenance is too we'll known
to trafie-law violators ON the Phila-
delphia road, looked around his Office
the other day and confessed that it
looked as much like pawn shop as q
court room.
Watches, rings, fraternity pins
brooches. other sorts of jewelry, hrie-a-
brae. and even spare tires, trimmed the
room. All had been pasted as eal-
lateral by victims of the traffic laws
who found themselves before the magis-
trate without sufficient funds.
On close insneetien, some of the rings
gave every appearance of being en-
gagement rings, and Magistrate Herr
mann said that he had gained that i'm
preston when they We're deposited with
him.
The collection Is the result Of 4
determination on the part of law en-
forcement officials to rid the Phila-
delphia road of traffic vielstors, par
ticularly those who use the highway for
speedway. Some of the eonvictiens
have been for exceeding 60 miles an
hour. During the past month alone
the docket in Judge Herrmann's eeurt
shows 90 fines Imposed for tfafle
violations,
Evening star., 1932-02-14
COUNTY HIGHWAY PLAN
STUDIED BY EXPERTS
Manual of Road Construction
Schedules Being Worked Out
by Builders Association.

Advance highway planning in several
typical counties is now in progress by
the National County Roads Planning
Commission, working in cooperation
with the American Road Builders As
sociation, according to Mai, George W.,
Farney, chairman of the planning COM
mission.
A manual Of county planning has
been prepared, the purpose of which is
to avoid waste in the counties and to
provide guide for an orderly pro-
gram of county highway work.
Special plans have been prepared for
Morris County. N. j., and Prince Will
liam County, Va. These plans provide
. comprehensive scheme for the future
Improvement of county roads, Not only
are reads for future consideration des-
ignated, but q finance plan also ID set
up to provide for their improvement.