davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1932-04-26
Democratic Tariffs

BY voting to include tariffs on OIL copper and
coal in the revenue bill, the senate finance commit
tee guilty Of gold brickng the country and eopar-
dizng the tax bill itself
Open tariffs are bad enough The Hawley -smoot
tariff has ruined export trade increased unem-
ployment and prolonged the depression as the 1000
economists and hundreds of newspapers warned that
1t would. But these backdoor tariffs slipped into
the tax bill worse because they pretend to
be thing and another.
Apart from any other consideration the senate
committees action is unwise because it will delay
passage of the tax bill and turn the debate into
tariff ALL in which many special interests will
try to get their rakeof.
The lumber and wood pulp interests. and others,
will argue with some degree of logic that they
have as much right to subsidy or an embargo as
the oil, copper and coal industries.
Every one admits that the tax legislation is COM
plicated and difficult enough in itself without
fusing it with the tariff. There senator's who
say they viii vote against the tax bill unless the
tariffs removed.
The embarrassing of the public involved by the
Injection Of these tariffs into the revenue measure
can be attributed to both Republican and Democratic
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1932-04-26
Lava Pockets Form

THE temperature is very high at
Il great depths in the earth's
crust, so high, in fact, that the rock
layers would melt if it were not for
the tremendous pressure exerted on
them by the weight Of the upper
layers of rock.
However, movements of the
earth'S crust result in the forma-
ton OF arches, or cracks, or other
structures which relieve the pres
sure on the lower layers of rock.
When this happens, the great
heat causes the rocks to Iquify and
a pocket of molten lava is formed.
The lava in such a pocket, boil
ing and seething with the expan-
sion of its own gases, seeks an out
let.
When in time, the upper layers of
rock begin to crack and fracture,
the way is clear and the molten
lava begins to rise. 1t will ascend
for many miles.
If the fracture does not reach
the surface, the molten lava will
spread out between layers of rock,
where it will solidify into a sheet of
lgneous rock. If the fracture
reaches the surface, the lava will
pour out, constituting a volcanic
eruption.
Sometimes the lava pours out
quietly. At other times, however,
when it contains much steam and
other gases, it may come forth with
explosive violence.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1932-04-26
Cone Built Up
people think of volcano

MANY people think of a volcano
Iva as a mountain. This is not
the case. It is true that many VOL
canoes are conical in form. But the
cone merely is the solidified lavas
of past eruptions.
A volcano starts as a fiSsure or
vent, a sort of chimney, reaching
down to lava pocket. AS the lava
pours forth, the typical mountain
like cone is built up from it.
The top of the cone is a great
opening called the crater. In some
of the larger volcanoes, the crater
is more than mile in diameter.
Frequently there are auxiliary era
ters and conolets on the sides of
the cone.
Many volcanoes of great age have
built up cones of great height. Some
of them are more than $4,000 feet
high.
Where the volcanoes rise from
high plateaus, the height of the
peak above sea level may be enor-
nous.
For example, the Andes plateau
is itself $4,000 feet high. The Aeon
cagua volcano, which rises from it
on the border between Chile and
Argentina, has it's crater $4,000 feet
above sea level
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1932-04-26
Government by States

Very probably those who make and execute the
laws of the state will be selected the primaries by
the slate makers
The large number of candidates for office makes
intelligent voting almost an mpossiblity, 50 the job
is turned over to little groups who pass out lists to
their friends, who in turn, compelled to trust the
slate makers instead Of themselves.
The slate makers are not altogether unselfsh
Some of the groups very openly demand an entrance
fee for expenses others represent special interests
Still others hope for fsvors they control public
officials
Self government defeats itself by a multiplicity
of elective Offices The theory that all public servants
must be elected by the people is overhrown and the
practical result that very few officials really repre-
sent the popular will.
Charles Jewett called attention last week to the
necessity of q new Constitution which would shorten
the ballot place responsibility in few hands, place
safeguards around these few who would be given
broader appontye powers, and limit the selection
of public officers to such small numbers that the peo-
pie would have a fair chance Of reaching an honest
judgment.
The election of members of the legislature from
this county is example of the chaotic condition
produced by long ballot
This county will elect eleven members Of the lower
house and four senators. Republicans must select
eleven names from sixty who offer themselves. The
Democrats will ponder over list Of seventy-three
aspirants and trust to the states for guidance.
If the county we're divided into eleven districts
and one member elected from each of these, the
neighbors Of the candidates would have chance to
check up on their qualifications and ability.
1nasmuch as the majority must trust to the slate
makers about the best the citizen who wants decent
government can do is to carefully scrutinize the
makers of the states Before you trust the printed
slip find out who wrote it and why
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1932-04-26
The Winners Rebel

II the California grape growers adopt the report
Of their directors and declare for light wines through
modification they will do their nation a service For
thereby they will strike blow at hypocrisy in high
places and enroll their $3OOOOOOOO industry on the
side of reform
The federal governments antics toward the Cali
forna wine grape growers have furnished one of
Volseadsms worst jokes.
Since 1920 the government had wet-nursed this
industry Interpreting Article 20 of the Volsead act
as its authors intended, the government permitted
the home making of wine. To save the grape men
from financial disaster the federal farm board made
them loans of millions.
When, to save freightage and spoilage the grape
men decided to ship their juice in syrup form, the
government financed the change, encouraging the
farmers to spend more than $1OOOOOOOO 1t was
after conferences with treasury agriculture and jus
tice officials that the farmers formed Grape In
dustries Ltd.
Then Mrs Mabel Walker Willebrandt, who previ-
ously federal prosecutor had denounced and sent
to Jail erring vets, became the grape lawyer With
government aid and connivance, the grape aided
in the manufacture of 100000 gallons of wine
nualy, total by the way just 100 per cent greater
than before prohibition
Now, suddenly and on the eve of election cam
paigns the government becomes moral Adopting q
single federal decision to outlaw grape concentrates
it orders that product from the markets
whereupon the grape men propose to go "wet"
Tired of double dealing, they doubtless will join
the 1000 California grain farmers demanding legal
lied beer and ask that the wine from their grapes
be legalzed.
That is the fair and effective method.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1932-04-26
Just Every Day Sense
IN well-known city, the police chief, indicted
By MRS. WALTER FERGUSON

TN well-known city, the police chief indicted for
Il violation of the prohibition law was acquitted,
while seven Negro men, accused jointly with him. re-
ceived sentences of fifteen months each in the peni-
Tertiary.
The black citizen in America has only about one
half of one per cent chance to get justice.
In practically every instance, he is doomed to be
tried by jury of white men. Rare indeed, if ever,
has there been case in which Negro fighting for
his life before the courts could submit his fate to
twelve men of his own
Yet all over the country today one hears consterna-
ton expressed because in Honolulu Mrs Fortescue and
Lieutenant Massie must submit their to mixed
jury.
For race that brags constantly about its superior
iy, the whites have gone about proving their worth
in a strange manner. Our treatment of the Negro
has been one Of the most shameful annals in our
history.
And it is as shameful today as it was before 1850
More so. because all justice is tinged with rank
hypocrisy.
THEORETICALLY the Negro is free. He has hy-
Il pothetical suffrage He has equal economic OPP
portunity with his white brother. Yet how many of
us honestly believe that these things are so?
In the sections where, by reason of numerical
strength, the Negro could be political force he is
cheated openly out of his rights The fourteenth
amendment to the Constitution has been violated just
agrantly the eighteenth but with far less noise
by the patriots and moralsts.
The black man is Jim Crowed in the south and
osracized in the House of God in nearly every part
of the country.
But it is in courts of justice that the ugliest
chapter of his degradation is written. In his the
code is reversed Whereas the white citizen. accord
ing to legal ethics, always is assumed to be innocent
until he is proved guilty. the black generally is
assumed to be guilty unless he can prove his limo
cence.
Worse. still, in the great game of municipal police
ambitions the Negro always is pawn.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1932-04-26
HEALTH SERVICE
Cure Child's Defects in Speech

Speech represents a series of mus
cular movements controlled through
nerve centers in the brain. Breath
ing, chewing, coughing, and vomit-
ing are other nervous muscular
mechanisms controlled through
similar centers.
When for some reason the con-
troll of the higher centers in the
brain over the lower centers is
blocked, each of the lower centers
acts Independently, instead of being
o-ordinated
This, the psycholoe believe, de-
termines whether the suffering
consists of repetition Of sounds, a
blocking change resembling the act
Of vomiting, or perhaps a sucking
movement.
AS an example of the way in
which inco- coordination is associated
with suffering, modern investiga-
tors who attempt to modify natural
left-handednesS into ight-handed-
ness may set up suffering as an al
tentative mechanism.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1932-04-26
SCIENCE
BY DAVID DIETZ

Volcano Is Not a Mountain: 1t
Starts as a Chimney for a
. Lava Pocket and piles
Up"
THE terror Of inhabitants Of
4 South American cities when a
shower of ashes swept over them
from the volcanoes in the Andes is
easy to understand. Mankind al
ways has feared the volcano.
Volcanoes impressed early man as
things supernatural. The early Ro-
mans imagined that Vulcan, the
god of fire, had his forge beneath
Mt. Etna and that there he forged
the thunderbolts of Joye. Cur word
volcano is derived from vulcan"
Later, when men imagined that
the interior of the earth was a great
mass of molten material, the vol
cano was thought of as a pipe or
vent that tapped the liquid interior
of the earth.
But with the realization that the
interior of the earth is solid and
more rigid than steel, it became ap-
parent that SO simple an explana-
ton Of volcanic action would ne%
suffice.
1t now is believed that volcanoes
are local phenomena.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1932-04-26

The psychiatrists emphasize the
fact that suffering is a symptom
of failure of the individual to adj
just himself to his daily life.
1t may be caused by fear, by tim
idity, or by some sort of resentment
toward people in general.
To get at the basis of this dis
turbance, it is necessary to make a
most careful study of the mental
life of the person concerned.
One analyses his emotions and the
factors which arouse them. It also
is necessary to study his nervous
and muscular system to find out
whether there is co-ordinated con-
troll.
In the treatment of suffering it
is not possible to rely on any one
technic exactly, as it is not possible
to rely on any one track system of
healing in the care of any diseass.
Therefore, the more psychologist
study of the patient will not cure
himself Of his condition; he may
require special training as we'll.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1932-04-26
PurVeyor of Trial Balloons

TT now turns out that this was the
L one phase of the case to which
Governor Rolph paid no attention
whatsoever. Almost five months
have passed since the last formal
application was made for a pardon.
Governor Rolph would have the
world believe that during all that
interval he was studying" the case,
that he lay down with it at night
and woke each morning to cogitate
complexities.
This is sheer fiction. Much is
made by Governor Rolph and his
associates of the fact that no new
testimony was introduced. That is
correct. The last hearing was no
more than the recital of an an
cient wrong. A brave man, whether
a rogue or an honest executive,
could have given his decision in ten
seconds. Governor James RolpE1
Jr. of California is not a brave
man.
Even before he announced his
surrender to big business, little
business and apathy, he indicated a
lack of decent regard for the issue.
His notion that injustice is thing
to be ruled upon at ones leisure in
dicated a bluntness of ethical sem
sitivity. And what came out of the
silences into which the Governor
travelled with Judge Matt I. Sulli-
van, former justice of the state SUI
preme court?
In so far as the newspaper ex-
tracts go, the learned jurist devoted
himself not to a judicial finding,
but to an arrogant apology for a
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1932-04-26

The Governor had nothing to talk
down but the whisper of conscience
and the still small voice of truth.
He was louder for the moment. A
breeze stirred the leaves. 1t was
nothing.
But the wind rises. Pin your ear
to the ground, Governor. Listen to
the rumble. 1t is not settled. 1t
is not done. Truth can be and truth
will be a tempest.
-Four little Governors and a for
mer judge will not be enough to
stand before it. A lie may live and
even wriggle after it has been
spiked, but not beyond the shutdown.
(Copyright, 1882. bv The Tines
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1932-04-26
Questions and Answers

Who discovered chlorine gas?
When was it first used in the World
war?
The gas was discovered in 1774
by Scheele, and was called dephlo-
gisticated muriatic acid. c. L. Be-
thollet regarded it as being a COM
pound of hydrochloric acid and oxy-
gen, termed it -oxygenized muriatic
acid. This view was generally held
until 1901 when Sir H. Davy
showed definitely that it was an
element and gave it the name it
now bears. The first use of chic
rine gas in the World war was on
April %, 1915, when the Germans
employed it in an attack against
the French and British lines in the
northeast part of the upper
Ypres salient.
What Is the capital of Turkey?
Angora, now called Ankara.
On what date was the English
derby run last year?
June 3.
Where is the United States naval
observatory?
In Washington, D. c.
Are the two thieves who were
crucified at the same time as Je-
sus named in the Bible?
Many traditions have arisen, and
much fiction has been built up
around them, but in no place in the
Bible are the names mentioned.
Where did George Washington
first take the oath of office as
President of the United States, and
who administered it?
He was inaugurated on balcony
at the corner of Broad and Wall
streets in New York. The oath was
administered by Chancellor Liv-
ingston of New York.
What is the area Of continental
United States and of the outlying
possessions?
Continental United States has an
area of 3.o25.7 s9 square miles. The
outlying territories and possessions
Of the United States comprise 71ls-
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1932-04-26
MONT KENNEL FALLS
April 26

ON April 2s, 1918, German troops
~ finally succeeded in taking
Mont KENNEL, one of the key posi-
tons on the Lys front, after three
days of hand-to-hand fighting.
German official bulletins hailed
the taking of this strong position as
one of the major triumphs of their
spring campaigns.
From their new position it was
possible for German observers to
watch allied troops movements and
concentrat lions in the entire region.
Meanwhile, the struggle for the
channel parts continued along the
entire forty-mile front with ex-
IRENE violence.
Hard-pressed British divisions had
been reinforced by reserves and by
fresh French troops and the bal
ance of power gradually was be-
coming nearer equal.
French troops recovered a part
of Hangard by a fierce counter-at-
tack and held it against repeated
German assaults.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1932-04-26


Association, and of Hygeis, the
Health Magazine.
TT has been said by Smiley Blan-
l. ton that speech is an index of
the mind, because speech consti-
tutes the manner in which the mind
expresses itself externally.
Therefore, the child never should
be permitted to leave school or
discontinue it's education with de-
feet of speech, if it is possible in
any We to remedy the defect.
Suffering especially demands the
attention of teachers, because it rep
resents a block or hesitation in
speech and is associated with q dis
turbance of the emotions so serious
that it interferes with clear think
ing.
DR.. Blanton feels that there is
no dividing line between the person
who shutters and who shows block
ing and hesitation and the person
who exhibits nervousness and tim
idity when called on to express him
self in public.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1932-04-26
Says

T he S m Circumstances
Which Produced a Lenin
for Russia and a Mussolini
for Italy Non Is Producing
a Hitler for Germany.
NEW YORK, April 2s.-We
IN might just as well get used to
the idea of Fascist German be-
cause that is what the rise Of Hit
lerism means. Debt and tradition
have combined to make the result
inevitable.
The existing order of things was
foredoomed by the treaty of YER
sailles. German liberalism might
have withstood straightforward re-
dictionary attacks. 1t could not
withstand the humiliating commit
ments it was compelled to accept
by the triumphant allies.
Pentinax, writing in the Echo de
Paris, says that it is useless to
speculate on the result of recent
German elections in which the
Hitlerites have shown such amazing
strength. That is merely side
stepping the obvious. Little specu-
lation is required to guess what is
bout to occur, or why.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1932-04-26

Ideals and opinions expressed
in this column are those of
one of Americas most inter-
esting writers and are pre-
scented without regard to their
agreement or disagreement
with the editorial attitude of
this paper.-The Editor.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1932-04-26
Daily Thought

A man after his own heart
Samuel 1874.
Men sometimes are accused OF
pride merely because their accuSers
would be proud themselves were
they in their places. -Shenstone.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1932-04-26
62-Year Tribute

THE situation goes back to the
l. mistakes that were made
thirteen years ago by world
drunk with victory.
Twentieth century civilization
couldn't stomach the thought of
marching to Berlin and sacking it,
but suffered no qualms over i'm
posing 62-year tribute on those
whom it had vanquished.
Statesmen who shuddered at the
thought of immediate loot saw moth
ing unjust, or impractical in taxing
children yet unborn
The same chain Of circumstances
which produced a Lenin for Russia
and a MusSolini for Italy now is
producing a Hitler for Germany.
Nor has there been any such
variation in the underlying cause,
or sequence of events as most people
seem to think.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1932-04-26
The City Kick

Remember the time when it was common for the
rustic to come to the big city and fall among the
slickers who persuaded him to buy the Brooklyn
bridge?
New York detective sergeant says that the police
now work harder protecting the city wise guys from
the rustic slickers than vice versa The best stunt
he says now is that of the nice country gentleman
who persuades the hard-boed New Yorker to go with
him upstate to buy farm and get away from the
white lights.
The New Yorker viewing the contented COWS and
chickens forks out S., 900 so. When he moves up
with the wife and children he finds that he forgot to
ask the stranger with his $1,000 whether he held a
deed. He goes back to his insurance job wiser and
poorer man.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1932-04-26
Reputation NearS

THE German people are getting
i set to repudiate reparations,
as Bruening has been warning us
for the last year
Whether this is because they
can't pay, or merely think they
can't, makes little difference. They
have made up their minds that they
won't.
France. England, Belgium and
other creditors are faced with the
alternative of quiet acquiescence.
or such drastic measures as might
eventuate in war
We face the alternative of help
ing them collect. or losing the
major portion, if not all of what
thew owe lis.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1932-04-26

England is Dragging that it has stores without
keepers over on this side we have stores without
keepers customers, tenants The English can't
get ahead of us!
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1932-04-26

The senate investigation of the stock exchang
at least novelty It's seldom that the employee
investigate the Bosses
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1932-04-26

Hoover had opposition for the job of tossing
out that first ball in Washington this year. but several
Democrats are In training for the ordeal in 1888.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1932-04-26

There are 100000 sheep in Australia statistics
tell Maybe that's why insomnia is practically I'M
known there.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1932-04-26
We Know All That

MOONEY pleaders are not ig-
wi norant of the fact that
Mooney is a radical agitator. He
has made no secret of it at any time
before his trial or since. We who
demand his freedom know that,
Just as well as we know that Gov
ernor Rolph is a peanut politician
and the Honorable Matt I. Sullivan
is a convenient counsel for that
same Governor. And in these facts
we find no adequate answer to the
cry, Guilty or not guilty?"
Three of my predecessors, said
Governor Rolph in extenuation-
Governor William D. Stephens,
Governor Friend w. Richardson and
Governor c. c. Young-to each Of
whom an application was made by
Thomas j. Mooney for pardon,
denied such application"
And accordingly we are asked to
accept injustice because it has been
compounded by four timorous men
instead of one. This should end
the agitation for once and al"
says the New York Sun. Quoth the
craven, Nevermore"
In a firm and measured voice. :"