davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1932-11-06

home in Virginia, the furniture again
went with him.
1t would be impossible to describe this
large collection in detail. From a his
toric viewpoint, the most interesting
piece is the desk which Mr.. Monroe
used in his Office and at which he ana
lyzed and debated so many of the seri-
GUS problems of the day. On this desk
he signed the message which he deliv-
cred to Congress on December 8, 1923,
embodying what later became the Mon
roe Doctrine.
Several Curious Features.
This piece is Of a very unusual type
It is high and narrow and is made of
mahogany heavily bound with brass.
At each corner are columns with inlaid
fluted brass strips. The top is Of Yer
mont marble oddly enough, imported
from this country by France) and sur
rounded by beautiful brass railing.
There are several curious features in
connection with the desk. 1t has three
locks, all operated from one keyhole, re-
Quiring two turns Of the key to complete
the locking process. There is very clev-
erly concealed secret compartment with
an unusual combination of two hidden
locks, extending the entire length of the
desk and containing five drawers. In
this secret compartment, after Mr.. Mon
roe's death, were found many letters OF
prominent men. Such men as Jeffer-
son, Madison, John Marshall and Lafay-
ette were constant correspondents of Mr..
Monroe, and when their communications
contained matter of vital interest, either
of a personal nature or of national
one, care was taken by their recipient
that they should not be lost to posterity.
Thus it happened that the letter writ
en- in 1924 by Lafayette, in which he &C
cepts "the high honour conferred" upon
him of being the Nations guest during
his famous tour of the States in that
year, was safely placed in the secret
compartment, to be brought forth after
many years with the reverence due It.
So it also happened that that wonderful
letter, written from Paris on June II,
1785, by Thomas Jefferson while Minis
ter to France, was preserved-that letter
which thrills every American today as
Monroe almost $50 years ago:
II sincerely wish you may find it con-
| venient to come here. The pleasure OF
| the trip will be less than you expect, but
the utility greater. It will make you
adore your own country. its soil, its cli-
mate, its equality, liberty, laws, people
and manners. My God! how little do
my countrymen know what precious
blessings they are in possession of and
which no other people on earth enjoy.
I confess I had no idea of it myself.
While we shall see multiplied instances
Of Europeans going to live in America.
will venture to say that no man now
living will ever see an instance Of an
American removing to settle in Europe
and continuing there. Come, then, and
see the proofs Of this, and on your return
add your testimony to that of every
thinking American, In order to satisfy
our countrymen how much it is their in
terest to preserve uninfected by conta-
gion those peculiarities In their Govern
Evening star., 1932-11-06
MRS HOOVER AT MONROE DESK IN THE
WHITE HOUSE conviebt hv harris Ewing


War; and, as luck would have it, the
house in which the Monroes lived IN
Washington during this period, escaped
the fate of so many beautiful homes in
the great conflagration.
When President Monroe and his fam
lily moved into the White House the fur
niture ordered by the Government from
France had not yet arrived, due to the
slow transportation of those days; so
again their beautiful French possessions,
SO well fitted to grace the new mansion,
went with them and thus became the
first furnishings of the new White
House.
Almost Immediately, at the instigation
of President Monroe, an appraisal OF
every article was made, and at its COM
pletion an offer approximating $4,000
was made for them by the Government.
After due deliberation Mr.. Monroe &C
cepted the offer, but only on condition
that he be allowed to repurchase his
beloved possessions at the end OF his
term of Office for the same amount OF
money should he SO desire. He later
took advantage Of this option, and IN
1925, when he took up his abode at
Oak Hill, IN Loudoun County. his last
Evening star., 1932-11-06
Spain Will Destroy
Relics of Torture

MADRID.-By decision of the Re-
publican government all vestiges OF the
barbarian past chains, instruments
OF torture, etc.-are to disappear from
the prisons of Spain. These vestiges will
be melted down and will be used in the
construction Of a monument to Con-
ception Arenal, the writer.
Only one relic will be preserved. 1t
is known as "the Marshals chain" and
it dates back to the fifteenth century.
In those days Marshal Pardo de Gel
led an uprising In an attempt to pro-
claim himself King of Galicia. He failed
and was imprisoned for the rest Of his
life in the Jail at Mondonedo, bound
hand and foot with the "Marshal's
chain"
eCopyNsht, 1oo1A
Evening star., 1932-11-06

Secretary Of Commerce of United States.
THE Importance Of the progress OF
industry with relation to the gen.
eral welfare of the whole Nation
has never been so apparent as 1t
is today Until a few years ago
many Americans whose daily lives were
related to the consumption and use OF
manufactured goods, rather than with
their production, did not appreciate the
close connection between the turning
of machinery in distant factories ana
their own destinies as individuals. 10
them it was a matter of pride that the
United states had shown the way to
the rest of the world in advanced in
dustrial methods. But this was taken
for granted. The men and women on
our farms. in our retail trade, IN SKY
scraper Offices of one sort or another, or
engaged in activities Of an artistic or
academic nature did not regard 1T as
especially exciting news to learn that
factory, perhaps a thousand miles
away, had increased its production and
added to its pay rolls.
1t is significant that now 1t has be-
come of very real interest to all classes
of people throughout the United States
to learn of any industrial Improvement,
Evening star., 1932-11-06
BY PAUL SCOTT MOWRER.

IS: :: +; !: :; ;;:: :; !:
Europe. 1t is a struggle of ideas
Evening star., 1932-11-06

Continued on Fourth Page.)
Evening star., 1932-11-06
BY MARK SULLIVAN.

- o far as making votes is con-
cerned. changing voters from one
allegiance to the other, TINS
/ campaign is over. What is done
these closing 48 hours can effect
Evening star., 1932-05-14
HIGH HONOR GOES
TO 10 GIRL SCOUTS
Receive Golden EagIet
Awards at Annual Court
of District Troops.

Ten Washington girls received the
golden eaglet awards, significant of the
highest Girl Scout honor at the annual
court of awards of District troops, held
in Central High School this morning.
The presentations were made by
Nine. Paul May, wife of the Belgian
Ambassador.
Preceding this ceremony were the
presentations of various other awards
and badges of merit, and colorful
procession of girls bearing the flags OF
nations and the colors Of the individual
Scout troops The United States flag
was carried by Lois Kuhn Of Troop IT,
while Doris Johnston of Troop 81. bore
the colors of the Washington Council
Those to whom Nine. May presented
the golden eaglet awards were Frances
Thompson, Mary Man Kirk, Betty JEFF
fers, Mary Louise Miller, Margaret
Mahin, Alice Crawford. Virginia Dyer,
Dorothy Law, Ruth Magnusson and
Anna Mahin.
Recipients Of the gold service stripes
signifying 10-year membership in the
SoutS we're Mrs. J. Harris Franklin,
Mrs. Adolphus Station, Mrs. j. D. Wild
man, Mrs. Amos Fries and Mrs. Louis
Dashiell
Awards Of silver service stripes to
those who have been in the organization
for five years we're made by Mrs. Henry
Flather. In addition, IS girls received
flrst-class badges.
Mrs. B. F. Cheatham, recently elected
Girl Scout commissioner, gave an ad-
dress of welcome. The Elks' Junior
Band furnished the music.
Evening star., 1932-05-14
Sales Tax Widely Used
Al Large European Powers, Except England,
Use This Form of Levy With
Successful Results.

The weak spot in the income tax is
its instability. During times of pros
perity, the yield from the tax holds up
well. As matter Of fact, in 1924, Con-
gress found 1t expedient to allow q re-
bate Of 25 per cent in the 1928 tax. On
the other hand, in times of depression,
the amount received from the tax droDS
tremendously. Then the viciousness Of
depending almost entirely upon the in
come tax becomes manifest. In order
to meet expenses, the rates are pushed
up, particularly on large incomes. Still,
the yield is not sufficient, for the sim
pie reason that the large incomes are
no longer there, as in times Of prosper
ity, so the rates are pushed up even
higher. The result is that capital final
ly is driven to cover And in this coun-
try, at least, business cannot go on un-
impeded without capital. The almost
confscatory rates of the estate tax
adopted by the House and approved by
the Senate are subject to the same
criticism.
Why Canada Uses II.
You cannot take OF out of the few
and out OF the East" it has been said,
without also taking it out of the poor
and out Of the West and South"
a quotation from a statement pre-
pared by a Canadian tax official makes
it clear that the situation was well un-
derstood in that country prior to the
adoption Of the sales tax. He said:
1T might be asked why Canada de-
cided to try out this form of sales tax
when 1t had already in operation an
income tax, and during the war years
had had also business profits tax from
which considerable amount of rev.
enue was derived. OF necessity the bus
mess-prof1tS tax, which was imposed as
result Of the necessities of war, would
decrease and eventually entirely disap-
pear. So far as the income tax is con-
cerned, it Is good In its way, but neces-
Sarily there is point beyond which
you cannot tax capital without running
the risk OF doing grave harm to the eco
nomtc and commercial stability of the
country. So the sales tax was consid-
cred as a new form, having certain ad-
vantages over the income tax. Pur-
chases have to be made in good times
and in bad; sales are constantly going
on; buying power, even though at times
Is considerably diminished, is always
present In certain degree; consequently
In the sales made there is a basis of
taxation Under the income tax you
may have, we will say, bad year fol-
lowing a very good year, and you are
therefore required to pay your tax at a
time when business is not so good and
when you would much prefer to use
your capital in your business rather
than pay it out by way of income tax"
Evening star., 1932-05-14

suit and it was identified by Col Lind
bergh as the baby's. Then the kidnap-
ers' program" was outlined in a let
ter and subsequently the $4,000 ran
som was paid over after several other
communications with the supposed alb
ductors.
Mrs. Lindbergh, it was said, was one
of the first TO urge payment of the
money. Col. Lindbergh gave DR.. Con-
don written authorization to pay $70,-
900. This was the sum DR.. Condor
carried with him to the cemetery at
the next meeting with the supposed
kidnapers.
You know" Dr. Condor Is quoted as
saying to the kidnapers' representative,
the reason why there was delay Is that
we had hard time scraping up money.
Col. Lindbergh hasn't all the money
the newspapers say he has"
I'VE will be satisfied with $50,000,"
the messenger Is said to have blurted
out. nervously.
That's fine" said DR.. Condor.
"I'll get the money for your right
away. Wait"
He returned to the automobile in
which Col. Lindbergh was seated, told
him of the developments, removed $40
600 from the package containing the
ransom money and returned with $50
600, which he paid to the kidnaper.
according to the copyrighted story pub
lished today.
Evening star., 1932-05-14
CERTAIN OF KIDNAPERs.
DIR. Condor Says Men Who Got Ran
~ som Were Abductors.

! Or. Condor Says Men Who Got RAN
s.Ss som Were Abductors.
BY the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, May 14.-Dr. John r.
Condor, "Jafsie" in the Lindbergh kid
snaping case, said last night he felt GER
tain the s50.000 he paid to man in q
cemetery near his home the night Of
April went to the actual abductors.
He was asked if he knew the name
or identity of the man who received
the money and replied he could not
answer on the ground a relpy might
obstrQct the man-hunt.
In reply to another question he said
he planned to return to New Jersey for
!. further cooperation with officials seek
ing to track down the kidnaper- killers.
; Dr. Condor, retired school principal,
spent the night on the Lindbergh estate
explaining, at the request of New Jersey
. officials, all the details of his negotia-
tions leading up to the ransom pay
ment.
He returned to his home in the Bronx
section of New York City under escort
of three New Jersey State troopers.
He left Immediately to deliver a post
poned lecture in New Rochelle
While he was gone from his home the
three troopers questioned Al Reich,
former prize fighter, who has been act
i ing as DR.. Condons bodyguard since
the negotiations began.
! When the aged educator returned
from his lecture early in the evening he
agreed TO answer through his son-in-
law, Ralph Hacker of Fort Lee, N. j.,
. any questions.
Six were submitted. He sent out re-
! plies to only two.
He declined to say whether he had
talked with Col. Lindbergh since the
body was found, whether he had fur
nished authorities with any definite
leads, or whether he thought the kid
! napers residents of the Bronx.
Evening star., 1932-05-14

growing tendency to extend this chain
business to every business activity
could be broken down, "a real service
would be done.
Referring to those who have made
money from investments and chain en-
terprises he said the people who Sc
cured these vast sums in the days OF
prosperity and now have sufficient SO
that they have large income, will not
be unjustly treated if We place the war
rates on income taxes upon them"
Dill recalled that the President yes
terday said war methods must be used
to restore prosperity. The high income
tax rates, he said, would not be social
ism, communism or confscation, but
merely "far-sighted government"
Chairman Smoot's plea for nom
partisan consideration of the billion
Senator Harrison of Mississippi, ranking
Democrat of the Finance Committee.
Opposes Rate Changing.
ct think the compromise proposed by
Secretary Mills and accepted by the
committee will stand" said Harrison.
IF we go to changing rates on the floor
it is job that leads inevitably to con-
fusion and shambles. The bill is deli
cately framed to bring in the revenue
necessary to balance the budget. If you
cut out revenue in one place you have
to raise it in another"
Harrison and Smoot were standing
together also for speed, seeking limi-
tation of debate over the income tax
schedule, and beginning the days ses-
sion at IL O'Clock, an hour earlier than
usual.
Evening star., 1932-05-14
CURTIS QUEST DESCRIBED.
Demand for 100000 More Said to Have
Been Given Lindhergh.

NEW YORK, May 14.-The New York
Daily News says John Hughes Curtis,
Norfolk intermediary in the Lindbergh
kidnapping case, furnished New Jersey
State police with the names and de-
scriptions of the supposed abductors,
with whom he was dealing at the time
the baby's body was found.
After listening to these stories OF
Curtis and DR.. John F. Condor, two
principal intermediates in the case"
the paper says, authorities were con-
vinced the men whom Curtis named
comprised the desperate band that kid
naped and slew the baby, obtained $50
900 in the Jafsie fraud and were at
tempting to snare 100000 more through
Curtis when the body was found"
The Daily News gave the following
Col. Charles A. Lindbergh to consum-
mate negotiations with the men they
believed to be holding the baby:
The gang, aboard a ll6-foot fishing
schooner Of the Gloucester type with
an auxiliary 275-horsepower motor, put
out from Cape May, N. j., the night
Of April 81. Curtis was led to be-
lieve the baby was put aboard that
same night.
Numerous Proofs" Supplied.
The day before Curtis had visited
this boat at sea off Cape May and
knew there was no baby aboard at
that time
Then followed a long and fruitless
attempt by Curtis, later joined by
Lindbergh himself, to locate the boat
and make a definite deal.
The gang had furnished Curtis with
numerous proofs" that they were the
actual kidnapers and had the baby.
They gave to Curtis, for delivery to
Lindbergh, a photograph of a child,
purporting to be the flyers namesake.
They said the picture was taken by
them after the kidnapping
They showed Curtis 81 500 in bills Of
small denominations which they said
were part of the $4,000 ransom DR..
Condor paid to a man in Bronx
cemetery April 2.
That fifty grand was taken by a
double crosser in our crowd and we
have taken good care of him." was
their sinister explanation.
They attempted to prove further they
were the actual kidnapers by demon
strating their authorship Of the ransom
notes received by Lindbergh.
Demanded 100000.
They demanded the payment of
5000, 900.
mot one cent until the baby is In
my arms" Lindhergh informed them.
Evening star., 1932-05-14
MORSE RECEIVES
HOOVER'S TRIBUTE
Centennial of inventors Con-
ception of Telegraph Is
Celebrated.

President Hoover added his praise to-
day to the memory of Samuel F. B.
Morse upon the centennial celebration
Of the inventors conception of the tele-
graph.
Touching a gold-studded, historic tele-
graph key at the White House, the
President closed a circuit which de-
livered his message over the most mod
ern and fast-moving telegraph instru-
mentS to the room in the Capitol from
which Morse's first telegram, What
hath God wrought" IVES laboriously
licked. out almost 100 years ago.
The presidential message, received by
a gathering of diplomats and notables,
including the granddaughter of Morse,
follows:
IT am glad to open the worldwide
centennial celebration Of the invention
of the Morse telegraphic code and of
the electrical transmission of these sig
mails. 1t is a source of pride to all
Americans that the vast system of in
stantaneous communications by means
Of the electrical telegraph originated
in the mind of an American, Samuel F.
B. Morse, whose culture was an honor
to his country and whose character was
an inspiration to mankind"
Miss Morse Speaks.
Miss Leila Livingstone Morse, grand
daughter of the inventor, delivered an
address from the Capitol room describ-
ing the sending Of the first electric
telegraph message.
Marconi, perfector of the wireless,
was to join in the celebration from
Italy. Walter E. Edge, American Am
bassador to France, participated from
Paris.
simultaneously, newspaper organiza-
tions keyed to the sending Of swift news
such as the Lindbergh flash" from
ocean to ocean. carried on their daily
round Of dispatching millions Of words
over wire systems made possible by
Morse.
Key Has Significant Role.
Even the key pressed by Mr.. Hoover
has had not significant part
in telegraph history. 1t is owned by
Edward w. Smithers, chief of COM
munications at the White House, given
him by President Taft.
Taft used it to open the Alaska
Yukon Pacific Exposition in 1909. Pres
ident Wilson employed it to set off the
blast which blew away Gamboa Dixie,
which brought the waters of the At
lantic and Pacific together through the
Panama Canal President Harding used
it to open the Hol,Gd vehicular tun-
mel under the Hudson River, Coolidge
to light the now famous air beacons
and Hoover to open the International
tunnel between Detroit and Windsor,
Canada.
Evening star., 1932-05-14

A N outstanding feature Of the sales
" tax is its ability to produce
"A tremendous amount Of revenue
4 L Other advantages are the sta
billy Of the tax, the fact that no
complicated records are necessary, and
the immediate availability of portion
of the tax, due to the monthly report
system.
No better argument in favor OF the
sales tax could be advanced than the
fact that 1t is being used successfully
in 26 foreign countries, including
France, Germany, Italy, Canada, Aus
tralia, Austria, Belgium, Bolivia. Bra
zil, Ecuador, Mexico, Turkey and even
Soviet Russia. All of the large Euro
pean powers, except England, use this
form of levy
The use of the tax by these countries
is, of course, the direct result of the
war, and we doubt that any one will
question our contention that the neces-
sity for adopting it in the United States
can be traced to the same cause. 1t
should be pointed out in this connec-
ton, that between the years 1918 and
1921 a serious attempt was made to put
sales tax into our revenue system. In
stead, Congress continued the expedient
of the excess profits tax, and tremen-
6ous sums were realized from that
source. Now, unfortunately, there are no
excess profits.
Large Sums in Short Time.
According to the National Industrial
Conference Board, whose book on sales
taxes will appear shortly, the French
tax was imposed at time when that
country was facing a fiscal emergency
of the first magnitude, which called for
a tax that would yield large amounts of
revenue at short intervals, beginning
soon after the passage of the law" The
fact that the French tax accomplished
what it was designed to do is an indi-
cation, We think, that the same results
would be obtained in the United States.
No one will question the fact that a
sales tax produces a large amount of
revenue. The original bill prepared by
the Ways and Means Committee was
estimated to yield $685., ,000, 900 annually,
exclusive of the import taxes, and the
levieS on malt, wort and grape concen-
trates Even after the additional ex-
emptionS were put in, it would have re-
turned approximately $468, ,00o, 900.
Evening star., 1932-05-14
LINDBERGH BABY
CREMATED AND ASHES
ARE SIMPLY BURIED

Continued From First Page.)
Lone Eagle and king of the skyways:
slim, worn bundle of nerves who could
conquer the black Atlantic night in a
frail airplane, who dared the airlanes
from America to Japan, but who found
himself helpless when mad murder
came to his Sourland home
Silently they watched, these three
colonies, as the casket containing the
wasted form Of the child was lowered
to cremation. For moment they gazed
through the place provided for official
witnesses.
Hurry Away.
They did not wait to take the ashes
of the murdered child with them. The
three men entered a closed car and
drove away. A few hours earlier Col.
Lindbergh had tasted the very dregs of
bitterness when he looked upon the
body and added his verification of q
previous identification. 1t was as hor-
rible an experience as could come to
any parent.
This must have been Charles Lind
berghs moment of anguish. AS he en-
tered the room where the body lay, just
as it had been found late the afternoon
before, buried hastily under leaves and
brush not miles from the Lindbergh
home, the colonel was asked:
Col. Lindbergh do you positively
identify this baby?"
The aviator stood tense. Only the
head-the head which had been struck
terrific blow that caused death-waS
to be seen. A sheet covered the rest.
Orders Body Covering Removed.
AS though steeling himself, Lindbergh
said:
Take that off"
The covering was removed. He stood
thus. and the room was empty save for
him.
Half an hour and the ordeal was over.
The body was taken from Trenton to
Linden for cremation. Police authori-
ties demonstrated mildly. They felt that
further examination might provide some
clues to the killer.
Col. Lindbergh, however, was in
sistent that cremation be not delayed.
His wishes we're respected, as they
have been throughout, since March l,
when the child was kidnapped from
his crib in the Sourland home.
Mrs. Lindbergh in Bed.
The illness of Mrs. Lindbergh fol-
lowed the recital to her-at her own
insistence-of details concerning the
condition of the body of her baby
when found. These details had been
kept from her. Two months of ex-
posure to Spring rains under its Scant
covering of leaves had been cruel to
the little body. 1t was not a pleasant
story to tell. The telling. physicians
said, was too much for her to stand
in her condition
The action of the physician in
ordering Mrs Lindbergh to bed was
said not TO imply that her condition
was in any sense serious. 1t was,
rather. of a precautionary measure
Neither Mrs. Lindbergh nor her
husband has had much rest in the days
Of the search for the child.