Evening star., 1932-07-26
CHINA WILL RESIST
JAPANESE IN JEH0[
New Threat in Manchuria
Unifies Nation, Says Envoy,
Visiting Capital.

sources OF emma, SAID Dr. quo Ial chi,
newly appointed Chinese Minister to
Great Britain, who is here on his way
to London. He will sail from New York
Thursday.
DR.. Quo is a graduate of the Univer-
sity of Pennsylvania, and was chief Of
the delegation to the Chinese-Japanese
armistice negotiations which ended the
Shanghai hostilities and brought the
withdrawal of japanese troops.
japanese aggressions have done more
to encourage those who believe in the
eventual unifcation Of China than per-
haps any other event in recent years,
said DR.. Quo. The growing public
opinion against civil war, the tendency
of intellectual leaders to rally to the
Marking government, even some OF
those who formerly opposed 1t. and the
increasing Importance of civilian lead
ers in governmental affairs all point, he
believes. to the probability that event.
uually China will be able to present a
united front to Japan.
Most nations are having hard
time now. due to the economic depres-
sion, unemployment, tariff wars, war
debts and political unrest" said DR..
Quo, "but China seems to be having
more than her share of trouble. She
has internal disorders and external ag-
gression, natural calamities and human
miseries, all on large and unprece-
dented scale. And 1t can safely be said
that in the long national history of
China the present is perhaps the most
critical period
All this, however, seems to have had
a SOLDERING and unifying effect. for the
Chinese race finds unexpected strength
in times of acute national crisis. The
government leaders and people who are
now confronted with these difficulties
are tackling the most pressing problems
before the nation. The main problems
are three: Putting the government on a
business basis. suppressing Communism
by politico-econon1ic as we'll as military
measures and the Japanese controversy.
For the first time since the re-
public was founded the budget has
been balanced by economies and re-
trenchment. The government has
existed for the last six months without
borrowing, and during this time has
occurred the Shanghai War and the
dislocation of trade and finance. The
principle of running the country on
business basis has been established in
the face Of strong internal pressure
One reason for this Is that in the gov
responsible head and most Of the
ministers are civilians.
Civilian Rule Gaining.
"There is growing opposition to
military men holding public offices, and
in the provinces there is return to the
old custom of appointing civilian gov
ernors. There is an attempt to make
the army not the personal following of
hvIt n vol
under the orders of the state. This, to
use an old Chinese saying, is somewhat
like negotiating with the tiger for his
skin,' but 1t must be done.
There has been a change OF policy
also toward Communism. and not only
will military force be employed. although
that has proved somewhat Intellectual
in the past but efforts are being made
to stop Communism by reforms of land
tenancy, and granting of greater local
self-government. There is about to 60
into effect plan to give people local
and national representation, and some
branches of the national government
will be partly elected by the people, such
as the legislative Yuan and the super
visory Yuan. The old Chinese system
Of making the village elders responsible
for order will probably also be revived.
One result of popular representation.
would ultimately be the abandonment
tang, because of the inevitable rise Of
parties.
THE Chinese-Japanese dispute has
unfortunately. been aggravated by
Japan's invasion of Jehol, again violat-
ing her pledges to the League of Ma
tions and the world, because Japan
solemnly undertook not to aggravate
the situation. The resistance to Japan
in Jehol will be as strong as it was in
Shanghai. Since Japan has again been
the aggressor, China is determined to
resist with all her resources. military
and economic, always, however, leaving
the way open to settling the difficulty
by negotiation. China has been and is
ready to agree to any honorable settle
ment compatible with the maintenance
OF her territorial sovereignty and her
political and administrative integrity, as
guaranteed by the nine-power treaty
and the League covenant. China will
never close the door to a peaceable So
luton.
Hope Found in League.
Some hope Is to be found In the
fact that Baron Uchida, who signed the
Briand-Kellogg pact, is now foreign
ceivable that he would regard the
treaty as a scrap of paper. China has
faith in the League Of Nations as a
great agency for world peace, and also
believes that the United States, which
sponsored the nine-poWer treaty. will
not remain Indifferent when that inter-
national agreement is treated with con-
tempt. The United States always has
maintained the policy Of the open door
and fair play, and China knows that
policy will not be abandoned. The CO.
operation of Great Britain and the
United States ever since the Manchu-
rian trouble started also brings hope to
China, for we believe that upon Anglo
American solidarity depends not only
peace in the Far East, but also world
peace.
"As for Chinese unity, there is grow
ing public opinion against further civil
wars, a public consciousness which has
reached point where no Chinese polit-
1cal leader. civilian or military, can af-
ford to disregard 1t. 1t is now an eff
fective check on internal dissension,
aside from communism. Another strong
factor in the situation is that the in
tellectual leaders who have been out of
with the Marking government
are now supporting it. DR.. HUI Shih the
philosopher, Is an instance, as he was
a strong critic of the government. But
he and others have realized that in time
of crisis the stabilization and strength
enlng OF the government, and of the
civilian element are essential.
Dictators Found Futile.
1.-THE strong man cannot succeed in
China, indeed he never has succeeded.
Many ambitious men have tried to gain
control of China and all have failed.
The size Of the country, the lack of
communication, make a dictatorship
Even government itself
must to large extent be decentralized.
The central government must control
foreign affairs, finances, and national
defense leaving a large measure of au-
tonomy to the provinces. A successful
government controlling all of China
would probably consist of a federation
OF provinces or states. But to attain
this end all the liberal forces for re-
construction must be nermitted to work