davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-08-10
Borah's Deception of
the Farmers

AGAIN the progressive" senator Boah bellows up and down the
countryside magnificent gestures threatening repub
party desert his and journey forth
political land" He has definite
this as all campaigns particpaed-o alleged
differences with the official republican machine up
West for the November ballotng.
Borah says he support platform
platform the Chicago convention He awaits Hoover
speech of Thursday this week Then after pretending to pom
der the question he
old
mpais policy His speech at Minneapolis last
skluly attempt try
that question prices products
of debts that final settlement of the debts owing
the United States will vast market for American agricultural
produce.
create deception pracced upon Impoverished
not paid Payments of the
private European bankers have to be de-
ferred. Yet the farmer in gains thereby.
These debts though they be collected
political intrigue The HooverWa Street
utilize them states toward the orbit of
American mpeahst pocytoWard the same pudeng END toward
predatory financial directed Toward its mperast
rivals debts useful political
pressure In connection with the question ornaments Hoover repeatedly
nations cutting their military
debts Thus they useful in the general
policy while strengthening the
tive position United States imperialism.
a to believe that
imperialism of the most greedy and despoc of
pirates possibilities oong and
wives and children in this country And Borah fool
republican that will fall
relations committee of which Borah chairman will him after
election the final settlement" debts reached
contemplate piece rickery possibly invented
trcky
part-tm
starving farmers Boah progresv
cynical fashion with the the
party periodical
play Immediately identify
oewhic to radical phrases the
reactionary policies of the Republican
against this ickery there
plank
which relief the
without restrictions the banks exemption
rished farmers forced collection
platform guide
the Communists
problems want through revolutionary
overthrow of capitalism Vote Communist
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-08-10
OrganizedC ottonStealing
and Price Boosting

SYNDICATE composed of the cotton mill
n through with grabbing
100000 bales of cotton held
preparatory the
expended
this cotton
the aid Of the patca
the expoters and child starvation
steal gives the cotton mill organization
the cotton enables it boosting
speed
smashing assault the tolng
The political swndlers
already cotton
able them obtain better Nothing further
release of these 100000 bales the mill organization
their that prices
unhard
tees OF all caed relief
for which the Board
to hold off the market the enable
get higher returns The refutaon of that
prices the awful disease
white share choppers and tenant
Hence this cotton deal reptile press
constructive undertaken strengthen
tal staples vicious swnd that
lower prices
with government aid of the cotton manufacturing
OF the biggest mill
BY boosting
De the world
current crop in competition with the cotton
Egypt thus sharpening the
British imperialism.
Board will relief be obtained industry on
the land but only through closing
mediate relief and ob
the Communist Party against
republican democrat capitalist COM
PEELED to dsgorge
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-08-10

sold for tax delinquencies" during
the same five-year period were:
Montana, 1903; North Dakota, So;
Virginia, 10; West Virginia, Ct;
Idaho, 68.
Thousands of Farms Auctioned Daily
In Mississippi alone, some 10000
farms were auctioned off in one
day, in 1882, either because of
mortgage foreclosures or for-non-
payment of taxes.
At the same time, the farmers
are being forced into tenantry. AL
ready, in 1880, over AZ per cent of
all farms in the country were ten
ant operated. And in the south,
even in 1925, over rs per cent of
all Negro farmers we're on tenant
basis.
The conditions of farm laborers
likwise indicate the bankrupt state
of the farmers and the shifting of
at least part of the burden of the
crisis to the backs of these workers.
In April, 1882, the average daily
wage for farm laborers with board
was 81 cents; without board, $1.35.
In the South Atlantic states, the
average was SO cents with board,
81 cents without. In many places,
farm labor can be obtained with
little or no payment according to
the U. S. Department Of Agricul-
ture other than subsistence"
The great extent of unemploy-
ment among farm laborers is re-
Elected at least partially in the fact
that the percentage of labor supply
to demand was 1913 per cent of
normal in the entire United
States for April, 1882. These gov
eminent figures are, Of course, ex-
trvmeiy conservative. ksh,Sx~apA,
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-08-10
BY MYRA PAGE
Our Correspondent in the Soviet
Union.
PART v.

OnlOHs
PART v.
IN THE
UNITED STATES
Jack found Chicago, where his
father worked as a Waterman, far
different from what he had ex-
pected. after nine years of new
life under Soviet power" he tells
us, Capitalism was more terrible
than I had remembered. When I'd
ride to work in the morning, I'd
look about at the downcast, thin
faces, and such pain'd go through
mel They we're slaves, though at
that time, many didn't know il"
He worked fifty hours a week
for the Lawrence M. Stein Sewing
Machine Company, situated near
VanBruen and Halstead, receiving
the small sum of $12. From this
he must help support his father.
After six months, he drew fifteen.
Yet he saw older men, less skilled
than he, drawing much more for
the same work.
His father "a very religious and
ignorant man, began to torment
him for his Bolshevisk ideas. why,
I promised the American Govern
ment that you'd uphold the con-
stitution and not take part in any
revolutionary movement" his faith
er mourned, But look at you!
Reading those Red papers, and
always going to demonstrations.
You'll bring disaster on us ALL"
Becky and her husband, Solomon
Nebroff, who belonged to the
right wing faction in the clothing
trade union, poisoned the old mans
mind against his son. During the
worldwide protests against the
execution of Sacco and Vanzetti,
Jack was very active, affiliating
himself with the Young Commu-
munist League of America. After
this, the old man gave him no
peace, threatening pleading, Jack
stood by his principles. Finally, his
father went secretly to Jacks en-
ployers and reported that Jack was
Communist. At once Jack was
fired. On investigation, Jack found
that his sister and brother-in-law
had put the old man up to it.
That's how the right-wing stop
at nothing, even spying to the
bosses in their fight against our
growing revolutionary movement"
Jack explains
After four months of unem-
ployment, Jack found another job,
at the "Well-Made Company"
where again he turned out more
work than older workers but re-
ceived less pay. He did general
repairs on sewing machines, turn
ing out two or three day.
BACK TO
THE SOVIETS
In June, 1929, he was arrested
with thirty other comrades. in a
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-08-10

demonstration of solidarity with
tn striking New Bedford textile
workers, and listed for deportation.
When out on bail, he reported for
work, but found he had no job.
Well, the comrades arranged that
1 return to the Soviet Union. And
was I glad! To tell the truth,
I'd been homesick to get back the
whole time I'd been away, but had
no means. On arriving I came to
Podolsk Machine Factory, working
as mechanic, studying in the
evenings and taking my place
among the Soviet youth who are
giving themselves intellectually
to the building of a Socialist So
ciety. e
THIS is a big day in the Podolsk
machine plant. For several weeks
flaming banners, stretching along
factory club walls, hanging from
rafters above the machines, have
called, "All Out to the Trade Union
Elections!' Eleven Thousand work
ers, in their section and department
meetings have thrashed over their
unions work and leadership, this
past year, written up their sugges-
tions for their wall newspapers,
drawn up their plans, and finally,
elected and instructed their dele
gates to today's conference, where
the annual elections of the factory
committee will take place
The factory clubs band plays
revolutionary airs as the delegates,
six hundred and forty-two in all,
gradually fill the ground floor OF
their club auditorium. Walls and
stage are hung with banners. in
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-08-10
Facts Expose the Myth of the
Farmers PROSPERITY"
Evictions Widespread; Debts Staggering
Farm Workers Reduced to Convict
Labor Standards
COMMUNIST PARTY ONLY PARTY FIGHTING FOR
FARMERS

1.-The amazing figures In this ar
icle, of the status of the American
farmer and farm labOrers, who have
been reduced to the level of Euro
pean peasants, shatter to pieces the
myth fostered by Wall Street and
bankers in general of how prosper
Gus our farmers are. The Commu-
mist Party is the only party de-
manding, in its election platform,
immediate "reIef for the poor
farmers, without restriction by the
government and banks; exemption
Of poor farmers from taxes, and no
forced collection of rents or debts.")
BY Labor Research Association
AMERICA is now entering upon
the era of the peasant !. the
farmers are becoming European
ized," writes a recent author. The
farmer in the United States is gra-
dually becoming pauperized, reduc-
ed to the level of serf. Even
conservative economists and farm
experts are now beginning to admit
this fact.
Here are some facts on the con-
ditions Of agriculture. Others may
be found in the new pamphlet, The
American Farmer, by George An
strom Of Labor Research Associ-
alton, just issued by international
Pamphlets.
First, it should be noted that
many of the figures below relate
TO an average farmer" OF course,
no such person exists. These Off
cial figures serve to conceal the
status of the poor farmers by lump
ing them with the incomes and
conditions of the rich farmers and
land owners.
Fake Farm Relief.
There is much talk about farm
relief" but this relief is negligible
compared with nearly four billion
dollars being paid to the big banks
and railroads by the Reconstruc-
ton Finance Corporation. Even the
negligible amount nominally allotted
to farmers actually goes to banks,
mortgage holders, farm financiers,
and produce exchange spectators.
The farmer today pays 1853 per
cent more to ship his products on
the railroads than he did before
the war. And he pays at least
Is per cent more for the goods he
must buy, Yet he receives about
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-08-10
Defeat Agreement Signed by u. NJ. w. A.
Officials with Coal Bosses
MINERS MUST BE ON GUARD AGAINST PHRASEMONG-
ERING MISLEADERS

fore Ansbury, Allen and others,
will you support this policy and car
ry on the struggle in this light or
will you continue to play politics,
giving lip service and not doing
anything for the purpose of demo-
ralizing the miners and discourag-
ing them and beat them back to
work as dictated by Walker and
the coal operators.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-08-10
Miners of Illinois on the War Path
ny BUICK

anybody. They should remember
Edmundson, Howatt, etc., and re-
member that they too played
with the miners as Ansbury does
today.
There is no other way to defeat
the wage cuts and win relief. In
the course of this the miners must
remember that the wage cutting
policy and stoppage of relief or no
relief at all is the policy carried
in the coal fields by Governor
Emmerson, John Walker, John
LLewis, Edmundson who are mem
bers of the Republican Party. And
Senator Otis F. Glenn, who is can
didate for reelection was prosec-
utor Of the Herrin miners in 1882.
Nesbitt, is Democrat and Senator
H. Lewis, who told the unemployed
eX-servicemen of Illinois that they
could go hell, he goes to Senate,
is also a Democrat, that in this
election struggle the miners shall
rally around their own Party, the
Communist Party, whose standard
bearers are we'll known to the min
ers, VIM. z. Foster, leader of the
working class and James w. Ford.
Negro leader leader of the working
class.
The candidate for Lieutenant gov
ernor, is Arthur Hereby, a fighting
unemployed miner of Springfield,
together with Leondis Mcdonald, a
Negro Stockyards worker for Gov
ernor and VIM. Browder for State
Senator who is known as
one of the leaders in the
Struggle against the Criminal
Syndicalist Law. And the rest of
the candidates of the Communist
Party in the state of Illinois are
composed of active, leading workers
in the struggle for unemployment
and social relief and insurance,
against wage cuts.
The miners of Illinois and In
6iana shall unite their struggle
against wage cuts with the cleo
ton campaign of the Communist
Party and Vote the straight Com
munist ticket, under the hammer
and sickle on November 9th.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-08-10

so per cent less for the products he
must sell. In the face of these
facts, the railroads, in 1892, added
another Is per cent to freight
charges on farm products.
Drop in prices of farm products
has been greater than for any other
group of commodities. In March,
1882, farmers were receiving only
557 cents a pound for cotton, while
the Department of Agriculture set
16 cents as the average cost of
producing a pound of "cropper"
cotton.
Farm prices dropped 30 per cent
in 1881, 81 per cent below the 1929
level and 10 per cent below the 1919
level.
The Drop In Land Values.
Farm and land values have drop
ped nearly SO per cent since 1920.
The gross income of the 100000
or more American farms dropped
from $11 ,851 100000 in 1929 to So
$4,000 in 1881, or nearly az per
cent. And the average income per
farm household has dropped from
1887 in 1929-also crisis year in
agriculture-to $367 in 1881. 1t will
go still lower in 1882. Although they
received only 9.3 per cent of the
national income, farmers pay about
one-fifth of all taxes. According
to the most conservative authorities,
farmers taxes are at 266 per cent
OF the pre-war level.
The American farm debt burden
is about $7O0,000,o0O a year placed
upon from three to four millions
actual debtors. A. G. Williams of
the Federal Farm Board estimated
the total of indebness of farmers
to be 10 billion dollars. OF this,
about 9 and a half billion is in
farm mortgages outstanding. In
1880 alone, farmers paid 671 million
dollars in interest. TIT million in
taxes, while the renters paid 7O1
million in rents for farms.
Between 1925 and 1880, forced sales
and voluntary bankruptcy proceed
ings involved "a per cent of all
farms. Department of Agriculture
figures for the period from March
1926 to March 1881 reveal the dis
astrous record of foreclosures in the
number of the farms per thousand
foreclosed: South Dakota, 1888;
Montana, 1856; North Dakota, 225.
: Number Of farms per thousand
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-08-10
AUGUST ISSUE OF "THE COMMUNIST
CONTENTS

The Election Struggle Is the Fight for (Ediora)
Unemployed WOrk-Om Weak A. lien
Should Communists Participate
The Fight Against sectarianism Union By Torn
Johnson
Rapid Upurge Of the Revolutionary Manhu By
-
The American Social Fascsts H.
The Growth Of the Revolutionary Caribbean Nv
Rodriguez.
of FIecop r,nnaur
The Training Of New Cadres
American Imperiasms
The Work Of Trade Union OF the
Executive Committee Of the Communist tonaL
The American Economic Crisis Association
Capitalist Production Century Level y.
1sz-+- .IN
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-08-10

work this last year, and to find
the means of doing better work in
the next" One after another, he
takes up the problems, making his
points in straightforward man.
ner. Soon he comes to production.
In our struggle to master tech
nique, to put our plant on hum
dred per cent efficiency basis, put
ting into effect the six conditions
as summed up by Comrade Stain,
we've made much progress. But
is it enough? Only about sixty per
cent of the plant has gone over
as yet to the new wage system.
And what about the quality of our
products? Yet we know every sew
ing machine we turn out is a prop
uganda weapon for us, for social
ism, in the village; good or bad.
when machine works well, the
village woman using it will say,
AYE, there's good workers for you.
Wen have to match them" But
when machine doesn't work we'll,
breaks down soon through some
fault in its make, what then? The
peasants will say, yes, you tell
us to do our work on the collective
farm as well as the factory work.
ers. But what sort of example
have you set us?
This strikes home. Every delegate
in his report to his department will
repeat this to his fellows We want
better and more products from the
farms. It's up to us to furnish
than more and better machines.
In that way, everybrody's living
goes up. ISIS up to us, the workers,
to take the lead everywhere, show
ing the peasants how to build So
cialism.
fss
II. ITO BE CONTINuEDl ~
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-08-10

To carry on the struggle it is
necessary to set up local strike
committees and unite them in sub
district and district scale. To put
into motion over $4,000 miners. This
is the only guarantee to defeat the
wage cuts. Will AnSbury and AL
len accept this policy2 If so they
must be put to the test. The min
ers shall not accept words from
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1932-08-10
RED PODOLSK
The Former Singer Sewing Machine
Plant Near Moscow

the galleries are several hundred
workers who've come to listen in
on the proceedings.
BukIOv Reports
Our old friend, Andree Budnikov
is one of the delegates from the
foundry. There are many familiar
faces among the mass listening
with close attention to the report
of the factory committee chairman,
Comrade Buklov. No one inter-
rupts him, yet it is clear that his
listeners are not satisfied with his
report.
True, there have been several
successes during the last twelve
months, like the opening of the new
foundry, with its model conditions
and technical equipment, the build
ing of apartments and barracks in
the new workers town. and the
completion of the factory's large
dining hall which will serve, when
running at full capacity, some
twenty-five thousand hot meals a
day.
But what does Buklov dwell on
this. What about the other side,
the tasks that still lie ahead? Sure
ly Buklov knows that things are
not going as they should with the
production of Number 81" the
new industrial type Of sewing ma
chine: That while 90 per cent carry
union cards, not all know yet what
it is to be good union members:
The women are llollering for more
nurseries. That the Union COM
mittees in some departments have
gone to sleep on their Job. Why
doesn't he practice more self-crit-
icism, bring forth his proposals how
to meet the problems uppermost
now in every workers mind?
Well, Buklov is good fellow, and
has done his best. His job has
proven too big for him, it is clear
that he must go back to his ma
chine and another worker more
fitted for the post be chosen in
his place.
Why Communists Lead
There are other reports and
greetings. From the chairman of
the regional metal union to it's
Podolsk local and from the fac
tory committees control commits
sion on the auditing of the union
books. Now Comrade Kelninson
takes the platform. As the dele
gates see his solid frame, clothed
its familiar khaki outfit with
belted jacket and high boots, his
black eyes alert, cleaning at them,
they lean forward. This is going
to be more like it. For Kelmin-
son, Woodworking, capable secre-
tary of the factory's unit of the
Communist Party, has the confid-
ence of every worker, both Party
and non-Party.
He speaks quietly, yet his voice
carries easily to the farthest cor
ner. Comrades, we have come here
to practice real Bolshevik self-crit-
icism OF ourselves and our union
The Washington times., 1932-02-04

THE tollo,Dtng is reprinted from
the Kansas City Star of Jan. 29J
WASHINGTON, Jan. 29.-The
last few weeks have seen an
amazing shift of balance on Cap
itol Hill. Today the House is in
the saddle and the Senate is
taking orders.
This has come about partly be-
cause of the situation in the
Senate itself, partly because of
the sudden emergence of pow
erful personality in the House,
the new Speaker, John N. Gar.
ner of Texas.
A Policy Committee
Facing what they believed was
a national emergency. the Demo
cratic leaders in Congress organ
lied what they called a policy
committee. This was to hold un'
ruly members in line and make
the party function as a wellknit
instrument of public service. Ap-
parently because of his possession
of unexpected qualities of leader
ship, Speaker Garner emerged as
The Washington times., 1932-02-04

the dominant figure of this COM
mittee.
To the surprise Of his col
leagues the new Speaker simply
hoisted his flag and took charge.
With a majority Of only five in
the House, it was his first duty
to keep the members in attend
ance. He let them know he ex.
pected them to be on the job and
he did it so effectively that even
the Tammany members, who were
accustomed to practicing law at
home. and only occasionally to
visiting Washington. are now reg
ular attendants.
"The Texas Coolidge"
But the new Speaker showed
more than tact and force. A small
man with tight lips, they are
calling him the Texas Cool.
idge" He is displaying many of
the Coolidge characteristics of
hard sense, a grasp of problems,
and a passionate thrift.
When the Presidents great
economic program was laid be.
fore Congress Garner was one of
those who recognized its sound.
ness and Importance. He set to
The Washington times., 1932-02-04
WASH|NGTON 5
KIN HONORED

Mary Ball Washington, mother
of George Washington, will be
specially honored at Fredericks
burg,' Va, the First Presidents
boyhood home town, on Febru-
ary %, by citizens of the COM
munity and the National and
Local Mary Washington Monu-
ment Association.
Services at st. Georges Church
will be conducted by the Right
Rev. st. George Tucker, Bishop
of Virginia, and great-great-great-
grandson of Mary Washington.
Following the Dervices at the
church there will be a procession
to the grave of Mary washington
where representatives of many
patriotic societies will place
wreaths.
The Washington times., 1932-02-04
MELLON GLAD
! HE ACCEPTED
CABINET BID

Smoking the inevitable minia-
ture cigar, destined to become as
famous in London as Gen. Cha les
q. Dawes underslung pipe, Sec
retary of the Treasury Mellon to-
day disclosed some of his future
plans.
At the Semi-weekly conference
with the newspaper correspond
entS. Mellon received their regrets
at his retirement from the Treas
ury to be the American ambaSsa-
cor in London by saying:
I'VE all have to change about
IN this world. We can't keep
going on in the same channels
all the time"
To Remain a Month
He plans to remain in the
United States about month and,
possibly, will spend a week or
two in the South because of a
slight cold. He intends to main
tain his spacious apartment in
Washington for use on future
visits.
The new ambassador anticipates
a congenial task in London. He
remarked that he already had
established some contacts abroad.
With a smile, he said he had
given no consideration to whether
he will wear short trousers at
court functions.
Glad to Have Served
In reminiscent mood, Mellon
said that when he went to Marion,
Ohio, to talk over his possible ap-
pointment to the Cabinet with
President Harding he told Mr..
Harding he thought "he could
do better"
Now, however, Mellon says he
has no regrets at his decision TO
accept. He has been happy in
the Cabinet, with congenial work
and associations. OF particular
interest to him has been the de
velopment of the building pro.
gram. the District of Columbia
PARTON of which he believes will
make Washington the worlds
most beautiful capital.