davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1932-07-07
DEBT LOSS LITTLE
TO STORES IN 1881
Survey Shows Average Amer
lean Meets Obligations
Despite Depression.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
The reputation of the average Ameri-
can for paying his debts despite
adversely still shines through the cloud
Of depression.
This bir-paying fidelity of the con-
sumner is strikingly illustrated, says DR..
w. c. Plummer of the Wharton School
of Finance, in surveys of the retail
credit situation made by the Depart
ment of Commerce.
DR.. Plummer, who is assisting the
Government in credit research work,
says study Of these surveys shows in
general that the depression has not
had any effect on the passing of
fraudulent checks, and relatively slight
effect on bad debt losses by retail
stores.
Check Losses Drop.
In the 1881 survey, 306 representa-
tive stores in 25 cities reported they
had incurred less loss from fraudulent
checks in the July to December period
than in the corresponding period OF
1880. The 1880 loss of these stores
from bogus checks totaled $85, ,306, while
that of 1881 was $50, ,423.
In survey taken a year previously,
$40 stores reported a bad check loss
of s91, 1857 from July to December, 1880,
compared with loss of S78,545 for the
same period in 1929. Although there
was an increase in the total amount of
losses, the proportion of loss to total
net sales was the same, .01 per cent
for both years.
DR.. Plummer says that while the
small losses in the depression can be
partly ascribed to Tightening of credit
requirements and increased vigilance,
the integrity of the average consumer
Evening star., 1932-07-07

has been a large factor In the credita-
BILE showing.
The survey also indicates there was
less fraudulent buying In the 1881 than
in the 1880 period. Fraudulent buying.
roughly speaking. is the purchase of
goods by persons who purposely would
evade paying for them.
Bad Debt Losses Increase.
The total loss from fraudulent buy
ing as reported by 247 representative
stores was SllO,432 from July to De-
cember, 1880. The loss during the same
period in 1881 was $i04.170.
The loss in relation to total net sales
was the same for both years, or .02
per cent.
There was an increase in bad debt
losses, yet customers on the whole con-
tinued to meet their obligations In an
orderly manner, DR.. Plummer asserts
The average bad debt loss on open
credit or charge accounts, for all stores
reporting was z per cent for the full
year 1880 and g per cent for 1881.
If the bad debt loss percentage is
based on total sales rather than open
credit sales, the charge account loss
would be .35 per cent for 1880 and "A
for 1881.
The smallness of the losses of stores
from fraud and bad debts is made even
more significant by the fact that the
proportion Of charge account and in
stallment sales decreased very slightly
in 1880 and 1881 from the boom year
of 1929.
Evening star., 1932-07-07

quoted him as saying he received the
cut In a struggle with MIR. and Mrs.
Clarke Monday night in their home.
where Liner was living.
At the hospital the prisoner received
a radiogram from his son, Stewart, %.
and his wife. Mrs. Ruby Liner, who
were In Manila.
william T. Clarke, brother of the
slain man, was reported to be on his
way here by airplane from New York.
The bodies of the middle-aged couple
we're found In their home after Liner
Evening star., 1932-07-07
vILLARREAL ELECTED

LAREDO, Texas dP,.-Dr. Rafael vil-
larreal has been elected Governor Of
the state of Tamaulipas Mexico. to
succeed Francisco Castelano.
Manuel Tarrega was chosen federal
senator In the balloting yesterday and
Fernando Gomex was elected federal
deputy. DR.. Villarreal viii take the
oath Of ONCE at Victoria February 5.
1888. Both federal officials viii take
office In September
Evening star., 1932-07-07

An interesting set Of chemical sub
stances that have been identified in the
organism are the socalled "vitamins," q
name given to them in 1906. They are
developed chiefly In plants, but are of
great Importance TO the animal. and
are especially valuable in human nutri-
ton.
Evening star., 1932-07-07
POLICE HOLD R00MER
FOR KILLING COUPLE
Los Angeles Man Said to Have
Confessed Murder of Mid
dle-Aged Pair.

BY the Associated Press.
LOS ANGELES, July Erwin Liner
said by police to have confessed Staying
Mr. and Mrs. Edwin H. Clarkes was
taken to the prison ward of the general
hospital yesterday, while the district
attorneys office prepared murder indict-
ments.
Liner was suffering from loss of blood.
due to a deep cash In one hand. Police
Evening star., 1932-07-07

had telephoned the police shooting
had occurred.
Clarke formerly was telephone COM
pany oficial In New Jersey.
La gaceta., 1932-12-10
PAGARA Ell CONDADO S49G
A LOS TESTIGOS

Los comiSionados del condadC
a~prObaron aver una cuenta de
1896, que Sc abonaran a los 81
secretaries e in~Spectores que hi
cieron ell recuento pedido por 81
Representative Drane, inconfor-
me con ell resultado de las Sc
gundas elecciones primarias.
Cada uno recibira 81 al dia,
por 4 dias.
Recibieron los comisionad0s
una carta de los abogadoS Jack
son Dupree Y Cone, representa-
tes de la Sra. Thelma NJ. Ba-
rrow, pidiendo que Sc abonen a
6sta 1900 por l~esiones que SUI
f"iera al ser atropellada por un
canton del condado, en- la noche
d. noviembre IS.
Guiaba ell canton ell emplea-
do John Gum, Jr., y la Sra.
Barrow recibi6 la fracture del
craneo Y otras l%esiones Que l9
mantuvieron en- ell hospital du-
rante tres SemanaS.
Pas6 a informe de los aboga-
dos Sutton, Tillman y Reeves.
La gaceta., 1932-12-10
PIeitos y Divorcios

Alexandra Lanes contra Felipe
S. Licata y Ca; l.. M. Lleren@
contra Ecipi6n Llsrena; Aurora
P. Perez contra V~aleriano Pc
req; Melvin f. Jones contra l..
f. Jones; Angel Garcia contra
Modesto Garcia Y otroS; ell esta-
do de Florida contra Gaetano
Cacciatore, Marion r. Hullett,
Isidoro Ferrer Y otros.
Corte Federal: Petici6n de
bancarrota involuntaria hecha
contra Johnson-de Hon, Inc, de
st. Petersburg. Petici6n de ban
carrota involuntaria hecha por
The Ned Witcomb Wholesale
Delicatessen, de Tampa, active
$4,000, passive $10,733.
La gaceta., 1932-12-10
UNA ORDEN PARA DIES
TRUlR 81 MAQUINAS DE
JUGAR

Ell juez Watkins, de la cortt
municipal, firm6 aver una or,
den rara uue 81 info - r"H"ia
Sr. Logan, destruya 81 maqui.
mas de jugar, 10 ruletas Y IN
equipo complete para tirar la
bolita.
Los abogados de los indivi-
duos a los cuales Sc confiscaron
las maquinas. no comparecie-
ron, pero 81 Sc hallaba presente
ell juez NJ. Henry Cohen, repre-
sentando a la municipalidad.
De la destruction Sc hara car
go, en- la semana pr6xima, ell Sr.
Logan.
La gaceta., 1932-12-10
sE0oR sosca,p1oR

LIE rogamos no pague a ninguno de los
oartidores de este perid1ico 81 no Te entire
ga un reeibo,
HaGanos este favor'y al mismo tempo
evitese molestias.
81 tiene alguna dificultad con su repair
tidor, O no lie llevan su periodico a tempo,
dedique dos minutes a llamarnos por los te-
l6fonos Y-3792 y 1888 y lie atenderemos
sin p6rdida de tempo.
Lea La Gaceta y recomi6ndele a sus a.
migos que la lean. 49,.
La gaceta., 1932-12-10
ESTACION WDAE

A las 5, Eddie Duchin Y su
crquesta: 5:45, Tito GUITAR,
cancioneS; 6:15, 10 que hizo
hoy ell %congreso; GAS, Do, Re,
Mi, canciones; 7. La situaci6n
politica; 7:45, Connie Bos-
we'll, canciones; 8, Four Club
men; 8, Ruth Etting; 9:15, La
parte humana de las noticias
$3.50 Ann Leaf al 6rgano; 10,
Mor.en Downey, tenor; 1O:45
Vaughn de Leath, canci0nes;
II, Guy Lombardo Y sus Royal
Canadian; II 80 orquesta de
Harold Stern.
La gaceta., 1932-12-10

fueron suspendidas.

En- 81 dia de aver fueron re
sueltas las siguientes causas
Frank CASTILLO, por violar la
ley SEGA, condenado a seis meses
y Sentencia Susp>ndida: f ".
McRae, dueno de I'm estableci-
miento Situado en- ell numeto
I'll de la Gale Jefferson, a SeiS
moses Y sentencia ~suspendida
John W. Revers, por operar una
taberna en- la carretera de Wau-
chula-A Avon Park, seiS meSeS y
sentencia suSpendida, Y ReNie
Mccoy Case, Seis meSeS, por te.
ner alberta una taberna en- e
condado de Orange.
A este ultimo individuo no k
fu6 suspedida la sentencia.
La gaceta., 1932-12-10
COPTF FFnNR Al

Cinco semanas de actividad, re
solviendo casos c~riminales, fl
nalizaron aver en- esta corte, pre-
sidiendo ell iuez Alderman.
FL promedio Dc casos resuel-
tos fluctu6 entire 10 y 20 cada
dia figurando en- clio individuos
que Sc declararon culpables. Ell
juez Impulse multas de 26 centa-
vos a 500 Y condemns de pri-
sion, la mayor parte de las cua-
La gaceta., 1932-12-10
UN NINO DE DIEZ ANOS Sc
MARCHO DE SU DOMICILIO

In nino de disz amos, John
Helms Craft, sobrino del DR..
J. S. Helms, Jr., Sc march6 aver
de su domicilio, ndmero 3005 de
la Gale San Jose, dejando una
nota en- la cual dice que retorna-
ra despu6s de las Pascuas.
Sc describe al nino como de
cinco pies de estatura, cabello
castano, ojos azules y peso de
100 libras.
La gaceta., 1932-12-10

compramos taba-
y cos superfinos, los mas finos
que Sc producer en- ell mundo
enterO : mas este no explica
porqu6 la genie en- dondequiera
considera al Lucky Strike como
ell mas benigno de los cigarri-
Hos. Lo que sucede es que noso-
tros nunca olvidamos que LA
NatuAaIeza "Cruda" Rara Vez
es Benigna" por ESQ estos ia
bacos escogidos, despu6s de ser
curados y sazonados en- debida
La gaceta., 1932-12-10
NUFNOS MIFMBROS ELL
GIO AVER FL COFRE DE
LA COMUNIDAD

Ell Cofre de la Comunidad &C.
lebr6 aver su mitin annual, STEM
do electos nuevos miembros los
Sres. Chancey, Ernesto Mas y
Sra. J. Rex Farriol.
Fueron reelectos James j.
Morris Jr., G. B. Henderson, c,
w. Lyons V James C. Handley.
Ell presidente del Cofre, How
La gaceta., 1932-12-10
Ell FISCAL GIVEN PRESEN-
TO % ESCRITOS DE CON
CLUSIONES

A la corte de 10 criminal pc
sent6 aver % escritos de conclu
stones provisionales, ell nuevo
fiscal del condado, 0r. Morris
M. Owens.
La mayor parte de esos escri-
tos Sc refieren a infracciones de
la ley de transito.
Ell tunes resolvera ell Juez Pet
teway los casos de menor i'm
La gaceta., 1932-12-10
sin Trabajo, para que modifi.


que la distribution de where's a
los hombres que reciben auxi-
lios.
Preston Smith habl6 por los
hodegueroS diciendo gus ell sis
tema Gel consejo ha disminui-
do el negocio de muchos peque-
nos concentrates por cuanto a
los trabajadores Sc les paga SO
centavos en- metalico Y I'm peso
en- where's.
La Liga nombr6 un comit6
para que conferencie con ell Con
Seio { informe en- Ia session de la
venidera.
La gaceta., 1932-12-10
FL TIr"pN

Nublados parciales. Viento>
frescoS Y mOderadoS. Proba-
bles lluvias para manana.
MaXima temperature aver,
rs grades; minima, So.
Marea alta, a la :37 p. m.
marea baja, a las 6:57 a. m. y
$3.50 lp. m.
La gaceta., 1932-12-10
LOS BODEGUEROS PIDEN
Sc REFORME Ell SISTEMA
DEL CONSEJO DE LOS SIN
TRABAJO

Una comisi6n de bodegueros
concurri6 anoche a la Asamblea
de la Liga Econ6mica de ciuda-
danos y pidi6 que un comite con
ferencia con ell Consejo de los
La gaceta., 1932-12-10

ard P. MacFarlane, inform6
que Sc hara ell page a las distin-
tas agencias el dia Is de d.ier'
10 Gro q. Sc necesitan 5000
para hacer frente al ultimo pa
90 que 50 cumrlira en- enero Is.
La gaceta., 1932-12-10

p~ortancia y para el martes 81 Sc
cretario del tribunal ha citado
va a los ciudadanos de entire los
cuales Sc escogeran los jurados.
Evening star., 1932-01-08
Reserve District No. 8,
REPORT OF CONDITION
OF the
East Washington Savings
Bank

OF the District of Columbia. at the Close of
business on December 81. 1881.
1. Loans and discounts ........ $50, IFS. 90
3. United States Government
securities. owned .....:,... 10000
curities owned ..:.......... s2.3es25
ss.8o5Si .........,....:... s5,oOoOO
A banking house ............ ~ ' 1s,ss2sa
IA. Other assets ................ 5o2 9s
Total ,sos SO
LIABILITIES.
Is. CAPITAL stock paid in....... si0O sO COG @ 90 90
II. Undivided pro;fts.net ...... i4,siiS0
tingencies, etc. ............ 100000
10. Reserves for interest. taxes
and and unpaid - ,...,.......... 100000
tilted and cashiers checks
outstanding ............... 1880
49, Time. deposits ............... 700, ,39s79
Total, 1,o25, ,s066 so
District Of Columbia, ss:
I, S. WILSON EARNSHAW, treasurer OF
the above ve-named bank do solemnly. swear
that the above statement is true to the best
s. WILSON EARNsHAw,
Treasurer.
Subscribed and sworn to before me this
(seal) ELIZABETH S. GLADMAN,
Notary Public.
JAMES A. DONOHOE,
H. H. MCKEE,
LEWIS FLEMER.
Directors,
Evening star., 1932-01-08
STOCK SALE PLANS
S|FTED BY BOARD
Analysis Shows 100000 US.
Employees Held Securities
in 1927.
BY J. r.. BRACKETT,


NEW YORK, January s.-The Ma
tional Industrial Conference Board
made public yesterday the result of
an analysis of 65 employe stock plans
udertaken to determine what steps, If
any, had been taken to protect en-
ployeS' stock holdings in the face Of
altered economic conditions.
In 1927 there were about 800, 900
stock holding employees whose securi-
ties had market value of around
81 900 100000 in 389 companies. What
effect business conditions have had
on these figures has not been calcu-
lated, and until business is stabilized,
examination to ascertain the effect
would be difficult and inaccurate.
Thirty-nine of the IS companies
studied in the report stated definitely
that they do not repurchase stock
that has been fully paid for, despite
the decline in market value In II
of the remaining 26, either because the
initial plan has not matured, and con-
sequently no stock is yet fully owned
by the employees, or because the ques-
ton has not been raised by employe
stock owners, the problem Of repur-
chase has not arisen.
One company promises to repur-
chase paid-up stock at any time within
two years of the date of sale. Two
plans provide for the repurchase from
employees who leave the company.
Market of stock in two other COM
panies has not reached the low value
at which employees bought 1t.
Five companies, while not technically
providing for repurchase, have bought
stock from employees in distress, and
only companies of the 65 promise TO
repurchase paid-up stock at any time.
Various practices are followed as TO
whether the market price or sale price
is paid.
where stock is not yet paid for, nu-
merous arrangements, emergency and
otherwise, have been brought into use
to protect the employe, though some
companies have made no such effort.
Most employers have considered that
employe stock ownership was brought
into use not only to sell stock, but TO
increase the interest of the employe and
to teach savings habits, and that there
fore the employe should be protected so
far as possible.
While drastic declines in stock prices
have materially reduced employe re-
sources. the board points out that this
stock buying at least furnished some
savings.
Belief in the value of employe stock
plans appears to be mistaken, though
in the future preferred stock instead OF
the more volatile common stock prob
ably will be more widely used.
Evening star., 1932-01-08
STOCKS IRREGULAR
ON LIGHT TURNOVER
Market Displays Thin Char
acter on Both Sides.
Traders Cautious.
BY GEORGE T. HUGHES.

Special Dispatch to The Star.
NEW YORK, January 8.-Slightly
reactionary, but very dull, today's stock
market paused in its recovery from the
lows of week ago. The market was
very thin both ways, small lots be-
ing sufficient to turn prices in either
direction.
Overnight developments in the news
did not seem to figure much as mar
ket influences. The most important
was the increase in circulation reveal
ed in the Federal Reserve statement,
which was, of course, disappointment,
as it had been hoped that the era OF
boarding had passed. But languld in
terest was taken in the Manchurlan Sit
uation. Most traders were content TO
follow the tape regardless Of what was
happening outside.
Steel Well Supported.
The market opened slightly lower.
Among the leaders the best support was
accorded United States Steel around
the 40 mark Opinion differed as TO
the showing to be made in steePs un-
filled tonnage statement tomorrow, but
many well informed expect a slight in
crease.
Strength in the rails was the most
encouraging feature of todays opera
tions. The rails did not react as much
as the mdustrials and they came back
quicker. The leaders were Atchison
and New York Central, but demand
spread itself out to include a large
number of both low priced and divi-
dend paying stocks.
Elsewhere in the list there was q
good deal of irregularity. Auburn was
strong as usual, but Allied Chemical
displayed instability. American Tele-
phone ranged lower during the morn
ing but there was no large liquidation,
IS there had been in other sessions, and
the stock slowly recovered. General
Motors was firm Dividend action on
General Motors is not due until early
next month, and doubtless the decision
of the directors will be governed by
conditions obtaining at that time.
In the utility list Consolidated Gas
was well supported and for a time
Western Union showed the effect of
short covering.
Decline at Opening.
Prices opened lower International
shares reflected quiet and irregular
tone in the London market.
General Motors at 213s was off "a,
and Auburn Auto at lZ912 was Oh "a.
Nash at 1874 gained "a.
The advance of soc ton in iron and
steel scrap prices in the youngstown
district failed to have any market affect
on steel shares. U. S. Steel at 404
opened off y. Bethlehem lost IA at
1915, as did National Steel at 221a.
Vanadium opened unchanged at 1872.
Standard Oil of N. j. declined 3s to
275s, but Socony Vacuum at 1875 and
Standard of California at 25 each rose
a fraction.
General Electric at "a was down %
and Westinghouse at 237s was off ".
Columbian Carbon at 3434 lost point.
Atchison at 835s, up "a, and Illinois
Central at 1871, up 3s, we're the only
rails to gain. North American at 80
was off y, while Consolidated Gas at
SOFA advanced a shade.
Evening star., 1932-01-08
CLEARING HOUSE FIGURES.
Washington Clearing House figures
for today, $4,006,037.86.
Extent Of Rally.

NEW YORK, January (SpeciaD -
While the rally in stocks has been the
most vigorous since December 18, it has
not approached in its early stages the
proportions of those which announced
a temporary turn in the market in June,
in October and again in December.
The public has been fooled so many
times in the past two years over what
looked to be permanent turn In the
market that it is less disposed today
than ever to follow up advances, pre-
ferring to pay higher prices when the
evidences are more plentiful that there
is a strong foundation on which to re-
build the shattered price structure.
Brokers letters today exhibited gen
eraI disinclination to advise their cli-
ends to rush in and buy stocks and
were disposed to suggest taking trading
profits. -
Evening star., 1932-01-08
Soviet Grain Collections.

MOSCOW, January Op).-Grain
collections in 1881 amounted to only
1915 per cent of the total fixed by the
five-year Fplan; but were 81 per cent
more than the 1890 total -
An&onicial announcement placed the
blame for the deficit on poor manage
ment Of the collective farms and in
sufhcieIlt transportation facilities.
Cotton eo4lsetiDns amounted to only
81 per Gent laf the years quota, and
responsibility stoT this was attributed TO
similar factors.
Evening star., 1932-01-08
U. S. TREASURY BALANCE.

The United States Treasury balance
announced today as of close of business
January was s454, ,460, 1927 Gus
toms receipts for the month to date
were $6,094, 1916 Total ordinary ex-
penditures were $1O,687 29721.
Evening star., 1932-01-08
NEW HAVEN EMPLOYEES
AGREE TO WAGE CUT
BY the Associated Press.

NEW HAVEN, Conn January g.
New Haven Railroad officials announc-
ed today that $500 men employed in
the roads mechanical department have
accepted voluntarily a 10 per cent re-
duction in wages, effective January IS.
officials said the subject had been
under consideration for some time and
that in accepting the reduction the
employees felt "it was to the best in
terest Of the public, the railroad and
themselves"
Evening star., 1932-01-08
SILVER QUOTATIONS.

NEW YORK, January 8 up (Noon) -
Silver futures steady. Sales, 100000
ounces. Quotations in cents: January,
30.07; March, 1910; May, 31.1O; July,
unquoted; September, 31.4O.
The Kusko times., 1932-06-11
NEW MAYOR OF SEATTLE
 LOSES NO TIME IN TAKING JOB

SEATTLE.-Dore was in such a hurry to assume duties as the new mayor that he took the oath of office one minute past midnight. A throng of ardent supporters cheered as he was administered the oath by Su- perior Judge Howard Findley.
 Immediately after taking office he appointed L. L. Norton as chief of police. "A policeman's badge should be the insignia of honor. I expect you to make it so," Dore told the for mer poice captain. He charged Nor ton with ending graft and demanded the closing of gambling houses, places of prostitution and cessation of police graft. No invasion of homes in search of liquor will be made unless it is being sold.
The Kusko times., 1932-06-11
COOLIDGE SAYS WAR DEBTS
 CANNOT BE CANCELLED

NEW YORK.-In a discussion of the international war debt question in the July issue of Cosmopolitan, Calvin Coolidge says these obligations "can- not be cancelled" He explains that the United States borrowed the money to make loans to European countries and the money must be col lected from those countries or from our own taxpayers.
 The former President makes no specific recommendation for enabling Europe to make the money with which to repay the debts, but discusses for eign trade in that respect.
The Kusko times., 1932-06-11
BIG REVENUE MEASURED KID. !:
 BY CONFERENCE COMMITTEE

WASHINGTON.-In record time, unequaled even during war days, Con gressional conferees completed con- sideration of the .billion.dollar Feve- nue bill last night, arriving at their decision after more than 13 hours of close and harmonious study of the voluminOus measure, which carries many forms of new taxes to balance the national budget.
 The measure is designed to raise $1 ! Is 100000 in revenue. Almost $3OO, 100000 were added to the bill in the last hours.
 Besides the high income tax rate imposed by the revenue bl as passed by the Senate, the following are some of the new levies which may be .ex- pected to fall ,directl yon the average indiyidual:
 Higher postage, beginning with 5 cents per letter; excise taxes of 5 per cent on radios, photographs, mechan- ical refrigerators; 10 per cent on cos metics, jewelry, sporting goods; 3 per cent on automobiles; 4 cents "a gallon on lubricating oil; cent >on gasoline; 2 per cent on all admission tickets costing more than 40 cents; 10 to 20 cents on telephone messages costing more than 50 cents; 5 per cent on telegrams; 10 cents on cablegrams; 2 cents on all hank cheeks; no per cent on safety deposit box charges; other charges such as Jer cent on gross receipts of pubic utilities.
 IncGme tax rates are 4 per cent on the first 4,000, and 8 per cent above that amount, with .a graduated -surtax beginning at 1 per cent above $6,000.
 The exemptions are: $2s500 for married persons and S1,00O for singe persons, in contrast to the present ex- emptioms ,af ;$8,600 and .$1 ,50O.