davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times., 1932-12-22
PLEAS To SANTA
UNANSWERED

Santa Claus mail is piling up
in the dead letter office here.
B. G. Cowles, superintendent Of
the division of dead letters and
parcel post, expects the usual
rs, 900 or more Santa Claus letters
this holiday, the greater portion
of which will go unanswered.
The letters tell the usual story;
Daddy out of work and many
little boys and girls hoping against
hope that they will not be for
gotten by the far-off Christmas
saint.
The address is usually North
Pole" but occasionally the sender
addresses the pathetic little
scrawl to "In Heaven" or "Top
of the Earth" or some similar
imaginary address.
The Washington times., 1932-12-22
Mount Alto Veterans
To Be Guests at PARTY

In the spacious auditorium of
the Mount Alto Hospital tonight
at 8 the veterans will be enter
tanned at the annual Christmas
party of the Killeen Unit of the
American Legion Auxiliary.
The singers, dancers and muSi-
clans will be furnished, as in for
mer years.. by the Jack Mullane
Studio and at the conclusion of
the program, homemade cake
and ice cream will be served by
members of the unit.
The Washington times., 1932-12-22
Radio to Broadcast
Address by the Pope

VATICAN CITY, Dec. %
0NS0-An address to be de-
livered at 1890 p. m. Saturday
by Pope Plus XII before the Col
lege of Cardinals will be broad
cast, it was announced today.
After receiving greetings from
Cardinal Granite Belmonte, dean
Of the Sacred College, the Pontiff
will speak in italian for 20 min
utes on a wave length of 1894
metres. Translations are ex-
pected to be broadcast Saturday
evening over a wave length Of
50.26 metres.
The Washington times., 1932-12-22
NeIUs Photographers
Elect May President

Andrew May. Of Harris and
Ewing, last night was elected
president of the White House
New Photographers Association
at the annual meeting of the
organization held in the National
Press Club.
Other officers named were
Clarence Jackson, Underwood and
Underwood, vice president, and
H. M. Van Tine, International
News Photos, secretary-treasurer.
The Washington times., 1932-12-22
Group of Americans
DepOrted by Mexico

A party of young Americans
have been deported by the Mexi-
can government from Monterey
where they had gone in search of
employment, the State Depart
ment reported yesterday. The
American consul paid their trans
portation to the United States.
The Washington times., 1932-12-22
GOODNER ELECTED

George E. H. Goodner h as
been elected president of the
Thrifton Village, Va, Improve
ment League. Other officers of
the group are w. C. Austin, vice
president, and P. E. Schaub, sec
retary-treaSurer.
The Washington times., 1932-12-22

Want to buy n business Of your own?
Follow the many unusual Business OPP
DOrtunities advertised daily In the
WANT AID SECTION of this Newspaper.
Evening star., 1932-03-07
Music Had Great Popularity.

The stirring compositions which have
made the name of Sousa a household
word everywhere brought him not only
the enthusiastic admiration Of the mil
lions who heard his band in its annual
tours, but the friendship Of great men
To the end, however. he remained the
bandmaster, composer of military
nnrcheS and operas.
Most popular of his compositions
Sorra alWavs believed. was THE Stars
end Stripes Forever" His last was
tie "Ceorge Washington Bicentennial
March" His final appearance here was
to conduct the massed Army, Navy and
Marine Corps Bands in playing that
congestion on the Capitol Plaza on
Washington's birthday, just two weeks
ago.
SOusa became a member of the United
States Marine Band when only 13 years
old through a plan of his father, a
member of the band, to thwart the
boys plans to run away with a circus
band Later young Sousa conducted
theatrical and cher orchestras and
gave violin lessons. In 1877 he Joined
the orchestra of Jacques Offenbach
composer of The Tales Of Hoffman, -
as first violinist. About the time OF
his 25th birthday he returned to the
Marine Band.
His own band was organized in 1892
Sousa's favorite marches included
1.-THE High School Cadets" "Semper
Fidelis," The Washington Post" king
Cotton "El Captain" Liberty Bell,
Manhattan Beach" and The Thun-
derer."
His operas included THE Smugglers
"Queen of Hearts" "El Captain" Bride
Elect" The Charlatan" and Chris
and the Wonderful Lamp" He was also
the author of several books.
Evening star., 1932-03-07
ARRESTS SEEN END
OF FINNISH UPRISING
Leaders Handed Over to Helsing-
fors Police Include Gen.
Marti Wallenius.

BY the Associated Press.
HELSINGFORS, Finland, March T.
All leaders of last weeks Fascist up
rising in Finland arrived in Helsingfors
last night under arrest.
This, the government said, marked
the definite fall of the rebels who had
held out in Mantsala, a town rs miles
from the capital, where week ago they
threatened to begin a march on
HelSingfors.
Gen. Marti Wallenius. Vihtori Kosola,
Col. SomerSalo, Col. Susitaival, Consul
Sario and Iivari KoiviStO were among
the leaders brought here by Gen. Malm-
berg, commander of the civil guard, and
handed over to Helsingfors police.
Evening star., 1932-03-07
MERGER REPORT ASKED

BY the Associated Press.
Favorable action on a resolution call
ing for a Justice Department report on
whether the proposed Eastern railroad
consolidation violates the antitrust law
was voted today by the Senate Judiciary
Committee.
The resolution, by Senator King,
Democrat, of Utah, recalled the chair
man of the Legislative Committee Of
the Interstate Commerce Commission
has charged that through the forma-
ton of holding companies and other
wise" competing railroads have formed
combinations recently without author
ity of law"
Evening star., 1932-03-07
Doctors Say Sousa
Had Broken Neck
Since 1925 Mishap
nu the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
BALTIMORE. March 7.-Phy-
sicians said that John Pnlilp
Sousa. bandmaster. VINO dleo
Saturday night at Reading Pa.
lived for the last seven years with
a broken neck.
Discovery that Sousa had a
fractured vertebrae in his neck
was not made until last January,
when he entered the Marourg
clinic at Johns Hopkins Hospital
for treatment for his right shouI-
der.
The condition had escaped doc
tors who had made previous
examinations, it was pointed out
bv persons, who explained that
the injury was received in 1925
when Sousa fell from a horse.
Physicians kept the matter a
secret until his death.
Evening star., 1932-03-07
FORCED TO ENTER u. S.,
DEPORTED CHINESE SAY
Orientals Reach Tucson From Mex,
leo at Rate of Is or 20 Night,
Immigration Men Report.
BY the Associated Press

By the Associated Press.
TUCSON, Ariz., March &c. c.
Courtney, chief of the Tucson subdi-
vision of the Federal immigration Bor-
der Patrol, has announced receipt Of
reports from patrolmen that Chinese
crossing the border from Mexico had
complained that Mexican officials had
forced them to cross.
More than 400 Chinese were arrested
in February and held for deportation,
a record, Courtney said, since the exodus
began, and so far this month they
have been crossing into the United
States at a rate of IS to 20 a night;
Five hundred recently were deported
to China.
Courtney said the Chinese related
they had been deported to the border
in trucks from as far south as Cananea
and turned over to Mexican officials,
who allegedly ordered them to leave the
country.
Evening star., 1932-03-07
NOTED BIBLE AUTHORITY
CONFERENCE SPEAKER
DR.. James M. Gray, Moody Insti-
tute President, Here March
20 to 25.

Known among churchmen as an
outstanding Bible authority, DR.. James
M. Gray. president of Moody Bible In
stitute, Chicago, will head the list Of
speakers at the Bible conference to be
held at the Fourth Presbyterian
Church, Thirteenth and Fairmont
streets, March 2O-25
DR.. Gray is scheduled to speak at
both the morning and evening sessions
on the opening day of the conference.
During its course he will deliver three
important addresses on prophecy.
Other speakers will include DR.. Henry
Ostrom and Rev. Archibald R. Wright
of the staff of Moody Bible Institute
and DR.. Harold Paul Sloan of Haddon-
field. N. ]. Rev. James H. Miers is
pastor of the church.
Evening star., 1932-03-07
MACHINE GUNNERS SHOOT
CHICAGO BEER GANGSTER
Man Feigns Death When Wounded
at Apartment House Door.
Expected to Recover.

By the Associated Press
CHICAGO, March 7.-Charles ODon-
nell, member of the South Side clan
which has long been identified with the
beer trade, was shot and seriously
wounded yesterday by machine gunners.
who fired from ambush.
Trapped between the double doors of
the entrance to his apartment house by
gunmen concealed in the shrubbery out
side: ODonnell was struck by Is slugs.
He fell to the floor, feigning death. and
the execution squad departed.
The victim was rushed to a hospital,
where physicians said he would live,
although dangerously wounded.
Evening star., 1932-03-07
SOUSA'S BODY HERE
TO AWAIT BURIAL
"March King" to Rest in Con-
gressionaI Cemetery.
Services Thursday.

The body of John Philip Sousa,
Americas march king" was brought
last night to Washington, the city of his
birth and early fame, to await burial
next Thursday in Congressional Gem
etery.
In the absence of directions from the
bandmaSter's family, there was no cere-
mony on the body's arrival. Navy Of
ficials were ready to extend to him any
courtesy in the way of escorts, the
Marine Rand or any other provisions
that might De ocSfru. ii, -c'"::c% ct his
reserve status however, this could not
be done without instructions from the
family.
The body of the band leader who
once led the famous Marine Band and
whose marches have stirred the patrio-
tism of millions Of Americans, was
brought to Washington from Reading,
Pa, where Sousa died early yesterday
morning 1t was accompanied by Ham
ilton Albert, son-in-low, and an escort
of four officers of the 213th Coast Ar
tillery. They were Majs. Joseph d:
Eisenbrown and William J. Smith, and
CaptS Ralph M Altenderfer and l. B.
Rettgers.
Relatives to Gather.
Mr.. Albert left at once for New York
to return here later today with Mrs.
Sousa and two daughters. Sousa's son,
JOHN Philip Sousa. jr, left La Jolla,
Calf. by train yesterday for the East.
The hour of the burial had not been
set early today, pending the arrival OF
the family. Navy and Marine Corps
officials were expecting to participate in
the plans.
A military escort of the Marine Band,
naval firing squad, company OF
bluejackets and a company of Marines
will be provided for the funeral, the
Navy Department announced. Blue
Jackets will act as body bearers.
The honorary pallbearers will be the
Assistant Secretary of the Navy Ernest
Lee Jahncke, Rear Admiral William A.
Moffett, chief Of the Bureau OF Aero
nautics. Navy Department; Maj. Gen.
Ben II. Fuller, commandant of the
Marine Corps, and Brig. Gen. George
Richards. paymaSter of the Marine
Corps. In addition. there will be four
persons from New York, and it is con-
sidered likely here that they vii; not
be service people.
The celebrated bandmaster, II years
old. was stricken few hours after dl-
recting a rehearsal of local band IN
Reading He attended banquet IN
his honor, retired to his room and was
found shortly after, stricken by a heart
attack which had snuffed out his life.
Sousa was born in Washington and
1t was his and his family's wish that
he eventually be buried at home. His
father obtained place for him in the
Marine Band when he was 13 years old.
At Reading the body Of the band
leader was given a martial Send-of,
with an honor guard composed OF
IegionnaireS
Evening star., 1932-12-11
Best Garuets Small

IT Is usual to think of the size Of semi precious
and precious stones as one Of the determining
factors in their value, but In the case of the
garnet the larger ones seldom are hawless
The garnet Is usually found in crystal form,
with either II or "a faces The usual shade
is red, although garnetS are also found to be
coaored brown. yellow, green and black. The
most valuable type come from Syria and the
greatest quantity In commercial form come
from Bohemia Ceylon, Brazil and Peru. The
size varies from tiny stones to others as large as
q, haeelnut.
Evening star., 1932-12-11
Dust Explosion Caused
theWicked City to Go Up
in Flames, Says a German
ChemiSt-A Common
Occurrence in Modern
Industry Which Govern
ment Experts in Wash
ington Have Made Far
Less Terrifying and
Costly.

HE most impressive explosion on the pro-
] gram was one in which starch dust ignited
in the little factory room, Travelled 20 feet along
the well ventilated corridor to the tower and
there blew out windows and sent flames blazing
out into the air.
This exact kind of an explosion jumping
from one part Of a factory to distant part,
accurred in a starch plant In Pekin, H. Forty
two persons were killed, and the damage came
to almost a million dollars
This disaster started in q small fire from an
overheated bearing The damage from that fire
would have been negligible, had not some one
dumped the contents of starch wagon into .
bin. The cloud Of starch dust which rose
from the bin was ignited and there was an ex.
ploSion.
The destroyer Dust is stin keeping some of his
secrets. This is evident, DR.. Price points out.
because now and again q well managed, up-to-
date factory is the scene Of an explosion In
spite Of all the precautions taken.
It Is because Of the unsolved mystery cases
that happen, that the German chemist Bey-
ersdorfer evolved his theory the theory that
accounts for Sodom and Gomorrah. He be.
heves that some Of the unexplained dust explos
sions hay be traced to electro-static charging Of
the dust.
It Is known, Beyersdorfer says, that the out.
break Of volcanoes may lead to storms In WHICH
the erupted dust and ashes serve carriers Of
electricity.
of Vesuvius that lightning occurred in the
Clouds after which the clouds fell to earth as
a rain of ashes-an ash cloudburst. In this
dust electric storm, Pompeu was burned, ac-
cording to the German theory.
As for Sodom and Gomorrah, they were de-
stroyed in rain Of burning OIL DR.. Beyers-
dorfer deduces. On that fatel day, somewhere
In the Caucasus Mountains there was an oil
well eruption and an oil cloud was produced.
The cloud Of oil particles "dust"-became
ignited ~ electric charge. There was a fash
Of light and the ignited oil fell in burning
rain on the Inflated cities.
Evening star., 1932-12-11

experiments in miniature factory, and by his
records Of real explosions.
Coal dust and grain dust are the most ia
miar examples Of explosive dusts. Most peo-
pie know that these are hazardous. But DR..
Price has obtained evidence against cork dust,
rubber dust, insect powder, soap powder.
Powdered metals, such as aluminium, iron,
zinc, are explosive. So Is the dust In fertilizer
works. and the dust in cotton and woolen mills.
\A/ooD dust has gained new prominence in
w the past few years as hazard. 1t Is now
recognized as one Of the most serious Of ex-
ploSive dusts. This Is due to wide manufacture
of composition articles.
Such materials as bakelite and linoleum such
articles as toothpaste tops and ash trays have
figured in explosions. These products have in
them quantities Of wood flour so fine that it
will sift through screen with 200 meshes to
the inch II this -four whirls in dust cloud
in the air and is touched of by a spark, there
Is trouble.
Tobacco is another dust only recently found
to be explosive in industry. A Richmond to-
bacco plant exploded and demonstrated the
dust hazard with a bang
Food dusts are another class that have
proved subject to explosions To name few:
Sugar, spices, corn starch, milk powder, fish
meal, coffee, cocoa, cereals.
From the Government researches q set of
odf-sy SokCS iihS Uccu WUkeC OUT IOt el&Qt
industries. The codes tell exactly what pro-
tections each industry should take against ex-
ploding dust.
The chief defense is to provide plant with
adequate vents IT an explosion occurs in such
a plant, the presence of expanding gases will
push open the vents and the gases will escape
more or less harmlessly, without forcing out
walls or windows.
Besides venting, the Government urges good
housekeeping in factories, so that dust will not
collect on ledges and floors, where it may be
blown up INTO cloud by drafts or whirring
machinery. Grounding Of machinery is an
other precaution.
When safety experts met in Washington
few weeks ago, DIR. Price and his engineer
associates, Hylton r. Brown and Richard L.
Hanson, staged program of dozen dust
explosions at a miniature factory.
The factory, construed for the Governments
dust experiments, is at Arlington Farm, Va.
It consists of little room, by feet across, q
corridor leading from it 20 feet long, and q
tower at the end of the corridor IL feet high
and feet square.
The factory is provided with a large number
OF vents, so that the engineers can see what
happens in explosions when vents in different
parts Of the building are used-or not used
Evening star., 1932-12-11
BY EMILY C.. DAVIS.

-HE wicked cities of sodom and Co
morrah went up In flames because of
dust explosions.
This at least, Is the theory of
German scientist DR.. Paul Beyers-
dorfer of Reichenbech. He traces
the destruction Of PompeH also to explosive
dust flying in the air after the eruption Of
Voglvius.
II he is right, those were the most terrific
dust explosions in world history, with their
thousands Of dead and their smoking ruins.
There is news Of dust explosions. however.
more important to the average American And
that is the striking reduction in the present
cost Of dust explosions.
Dust that destroyed Pompen and Sodom has
Riven I'D attacking cities, 1t would seem The
destroyer dust flies abroad In the role Of a
factory wrecker. The coming Of the factory
exe gave dust this new opportunity to
destroy, and 1t worked along for some decades
without much interference from human beings.
The destroyer dust attacks 50 suddenly that
people can hardly tell afterward what hap
pened.
IN q grain elevator-a sudden fash and roar
J burning grain, cries and destruction. In a
coal mine, again that sudden explosion and
the usual starting of fire. In factory the
Same story with flying glass added as an extra
touch
Puzzled executives at first set down the cause
10 spontaneous combustion from heat-some-
thing quite different from q dust explosion.
Nobody credited the idea that grain dust or
other dust alone could explode.
Then engineers began to investigate the
mysterious explosion that took place where no
explosive gases were present. The destroying
methods of dust were revealed, and the fight
against them began.
The news of that battle today is that in 10
years the cost of the average dust explosion
has been reduced by half million dollars.
In 1921 when a factory went up in flames
from exploding dust the company could ex-
pect the loss to come to $4,000 If the explo-
sion was just average size. It took that much
TO replace twisted machinery buckled grders,
damaged concrete walls the shattered glass,
and the factory's stock of damaged goods No
one tried to figure the cost in human life and
injury.
According to the past years recorded totals,
the cost of an average dust explosion is now
cut to just $4,000.
If the price of articles you buy isn't notice
ably lower because of that saving. at least in
surance rates reflect the lessened risks, and
millions of factory workers can feel safer in
their daily jobs.
If explosions had continued on the scale
prevalent In 1921, the loss Of property last year
Evening star., 1932-12-11

would have been more than $40 ,000, 900. As
it was, the loss was figured at $1,100,700. This
was the cost of the 80 dust explosions known
to have occurred in industrial plants last year,
according to Dr. David J. Price
DR.. Price is generalissimo Of the Govern
ments war on dust His official title on the
glass door Of his office in the Department of
Agriculture reads "Chief Engineer, Dust Ex-
plosion Investigations" Behind that door sits
an alert, wiry man who holds as keen an en-
thusiasm for his life work as any one you've
ever met.
The phrase "dry as dust" would puzzle DIR.
Price. Dust explosions are drama-exciting,
often tragic drama. And trying with all your
might to protect workers in mines and mills
and factories against those disasters is cru
sader's job, as full of adventure as any Of the
old medieval crusades.
THE longer Dr. Price and his assistants work
! with dust. the more kinds they find to be
explosive.
Once prominent men in industries argued that
other plants might be in danger from such ex-
ploSions, but not their own. Their line was q
safe one. They didn't need to worry.
Flour millers would tell DR.. Price that they
knew all about the danger in grain elevators.
But they never heard of flour mill exploding.
And grain elevator men would say that -four
mills exploded, of course, but elevators were
safe because of the quantity of field dirt In the
dust.
Today Dr. Price makes the general statement
that every industry probably has explosive
dust. And the industries pretty generally agree
with him.
The curious fact is that a pile Of dust will
not burn, even If lighted match is touched
to it. This, DR.. Price explains, is because the
close packed grains cannot burn without oxy-
gen.
If the same heap of dust is stirred up with
FAM so that it floats in cloud, each single
grain has supply Of oxygen around it. Then
if a match is touched to the cloud the fire
travels 50 rapidly through the cloud that pres
sure is developed and an expansion develops.
The starting Of such an explosion in a fac
tory may be spark from machine belt or an
overheating bearing or some other happening
that would not seem especially dangerous. But
in a plant where the air is thick with dust
blown up from the products that are being
manufactured the tiny spark is like fuse
to gunpowder.
One explosion occurred in candy factory
where girls were coating marshmallow with
powdered sugar. The air was temporarily filled
with the sugar dust, and worker off duty n
fortunately chose that time to light cigaret
The place was instantly wrecked.
Anything which will burn will also ex-
plode when in finely powdered FORM" DR..
Pierce has proved over and over again by his
Evening star., 1932-12-11

morrah went up In flames because of
dust explosions.
This, at least, Is the theory of
German scientist, Dr. Paul Beyers-
The Alaskan., 1932-05-20
Here and There In
 Alaska
WRANGELL

The city council has cut the salaries. and wages of the city employees to the following fig ures: Health Officer, $25 per month; Fire Chief, $50 per year; City Hall janitor and jailor $40 per month; City Clerk, City marshal and Street and Water Commissions were given a re- dution of ten per cent; truck drivers $4.50 per day and other city labor $4 per day.
 The Red Cross Chapter of this town is asking for $100 to be set aside by the Council for indi- gents.
 The City Jail will be made nie and comfortable in order that the city may benefit from local misdemenaor cases instead of lodging them at the federal jail. The fines, etc., going to the city instead of into federal funds
 A. w. H. Smith, manager of the Burlington Transportation Company has contracted with the Alaska Grubstake Mining Company to carry a crew of fifty prospectors from Seattle to Tele- graph Creek, B. c. for this sea- sons operations. The party will leave Seattle early in June and will be taken through the Liard, 7'arhigan and upper Stikine dis tricts by competent guides. They will go over the old prospects end also look for new.
 Pete Behrs came in fr m South Keku Straits to register his boat the Hicks in the Gus toms House.
 The local Chapter of the Red Cross received a consignment of flour from the natianal organi : Zation and it is being doled out to those in need.
The Alaskan., 1932-05-20
il PER CENT OF COLUMBIA STUDENTS
 'CRIB,' SAYS PAPER

Forty-one per cent of the 1881 Columbia University students who answered a questionaire cir culated by the campus news paper, The Spectator, admitted that they "crib" on examina- tions, the newspaper reported.
 Only 3 per cent confessed to coing it "habitually," but 38 per cent do occasionally" All replies were signed "as evidence of good faith" on promise the names would be held confiden- tial. Fifty-nine per cent said they did not cheat.
 Seventy-hve per cent said they would be willing to pay someone else to write theses and essays for them.
 If flasks were passed at a party 227 of the 391 said they would take drink"