davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1932-12-16
Students from a countries have beer

Students from a countries have been
invited.
The Program Committee, Of which
Mrs. A. Chambers Oliphant- is chair
man. has provided a colorful program
consisting of songs of Guatemala, by
Senor Manuel Giron; Danish folk
dances. by Capt. Holger Langmack Mrs
Ida Langmack and Miss Clara Lang
mack; Scotch reels by Mrs. Willoughby
and carols by the Girl Reserves. Miss
Edith Dawson will be the accompanist
Christmas greeting from the Y. W.
G. A. will be given by Mrs. William
Adams Slade, president Of the asso-
citation.
DR.. Frederick Lent, president Of El-
mira College, the Oldest womens COL
lege in the United States, and Mrs
Lent are the guests in whose honor the
Elnira College Club of Washington will
entertain at dinner this evening, at the
club house of the American Association
OF University Women.
Other distinguished guests Of the eve
ming will be the Assistant Secretary Of
the Treasury and Mrs. Seymour Low
man, at whose hone DR.. and Mrs. Lent
Continued on Tenth Page)
Evening star., 1932-12-16
Foreign Students Attending
Banquet Tonight at Y. w. c. A.

The fifth annual Christmas dinner
for foreign students in Washington will
take place at the Young Women'S
Christian Association. Barker Hall
Seventeenth and K streets. this eve
ming at $50 o'clock, under the auspices
of the World Fellowship Committee OF
the Y w. C. A. Mrs. Fred E. Wright,
chairman of the committee, will preside
at the dinner.
Foreign students will be the guests
of American hosts and hostesses, some
of whom attend the dinner in person
and some Of whom provide for the
guests. although absent themselves.
Evening star., 1932-12-16

Mrs. Charlss Edward Riggs, wife of
the surgeon general of the Navy, will
not receive Sunday afternoon and will
not resume her informal at homes
again until January g.
Evening star., 1932-12-16
SOCIETY
Continued From Fourth Page.)

solar observatory on Mount Saint
Catherine.
Evening star., 1932-12-16

Mrs. Fremont, widow of Admiral
John G. Fremont, will observe her Sat
urday afternoon at home tomorrow
Evening star., 1932-12-16

Senor Mario Montealegre, second sec
retary of the Costa Rican legation, has
returned to Washington from New York
City, accompanied by Senor Gonzalo
Boza. They are at the Wardman Park
Hotel.
Evening star., 1932-12-16

Mrs. Russell B. Harrison, daughter
tn-law of the late President Benjamin
Harrison, will be at home this after
noon from to o'clock in her apart
ment in the Westchester.
Evening star., 1932-09-20

outlets for the sale Of liquor, high
pressure salesmanship began with its
manufacture, and the race for private
gain did not stop at efforts to corrupt
any oflcial whose position gave him any
semb,ance of control over where, how
and when liquor would be sold.
It Is interesting, therefore, to note
that DR.. Butter, who for many years
has been classed as extreme among
the vets, regards as fundamental the
fact noted above, that private profits
from the liquor trafhc should at the
outset be excluded. at least In so far
as distribution Is concerned. For. II
the eighteenth amendment Is repealed,
or modified, to retain in the Constitu-
ton certain Federal powers over the
liquor traffic, the fact is to be faced
that from that time on the old battle
will be on for control OF q trafflc Of which
the profits are high. One Of the many
questions that legislators in every State
eventually must answer is whether
legalization of traffic in liquor Is to
mean permission to utilize that trafhc
for private profit. The answer to that
question will not be found in regula-
tions, no matter how well drawns re-
garding conditions under which liquor
can be retailed and consumed.
Evening star., 1932-09-20
Civilian Gains.

In time of peace the average citizen,
cogitating upon the costs OF national
defense. may find it difdcult to estimate
the immediate bsnefit to society OF the
admittedly great expense Of MAINTAINING
the Army and Navy. Perhaps. In the
circumstances, it may be worthwhile to
direct attention to the civilian gains OF
a policy of preparedness.
A considerable portion OF the money
spent for the services is really not war
expense at all. The Army and Navy are
continuously active, and in peace time
practically all of their effort is OF
civilian character in motive and result
Police duty Is one example Of this type
Of civilian aid; II the military and
naval forces were not available to do
the work, some other special force
would have to be recruited for the pur-
pose. Engineering and construction
enterprises, including river and harhor
development, reclamation, irrigation and
water power projects, likewise have
social significance of the highest worth
the Panama Canal was largely an
Army job. Scientific enterprises also,
like those of the Naval Observatory and
the photographic Once, have i'm
mediate social value, as does the
educational policy Of the services in
attempting to improve the cultural and
vocational status of enlisted personnel.
The Army and Navy are only occa-
sionally engaged in fighting. but they
are constantly engaged in protecting
and otherwise. assisting the people. Thus
the taxpayers dollars directly and
indirectly come back to them.
1t is too frequently forgotten that
every penny spent In support of service
programs gees to benefit industry and
business. Materials and supplies OF
ewsli conceivable variety have to b
purchased and the services thus con.
Evening star., 1932-09-20
DR.. Buffers Liquor Plan.

While DR.. Nicholas Murray Buffers
plan for State Liquor TRAFFIC Control"
might be considered as premature, In
that the battle over repeal or modifica-
tion of the eighteenth amendment Is
yet to be fought to q conclusion in Con-
gress and the States, his proposal is
interesting in its positive assumption
that "the element of private or cor
porate prefit through traffic in LIQUOR
should be wholly excluded from the
moment that liquor comes inte possession
of the State Liquor TRAFFIC Authority"
His State Liquor Traffic Authority Is
the name suggested for State cer-
poration, members of which would be
appointed by the Governor and which
would operate entirely free Of partisan
political influence" In controlling the
liquor traffic. along the lines followed
by the Province of Quebec.
There are many who balieve that, In
making effective the universally approved
desire to prevent the return Of the
saloon" the real preventive is to elimi-
nate the element Of private profit In the
retail sale Of liquor One of the recog-
nized evils of the saloon was the vicious
chain Of eorupting influences Of which
the saloon swss a symbol. In Andins
Evening star., 1932-09-20
Higghligghts ON the Wide World
Excerpts From Newspapers of Other Lands

the motor cars and other vehicles cross
ing the loot OF the bridge at Soochow
road.
This Is no problem for the car. but
1t IS q serious problem for the ricsha
coolie and his passenger Some car
drivers, realizing the predicament of
the coolie as he runs down the slope
with his ricSha almost out of control.
pull up and give the man a chance, but
1t does not often happen that such is
the case. Some sort OF trafhc signal in
the center of the bridge might obviate
this difhculty.
School System Held
Inadequate in Ceylon.
Ceylon Daily News, Colombo.-Cevlon
had a network of schools in days when
she was free Pansala schools in Sin
halese districts and ''pial" schools in
Tamil districts were there In every vii
lage. The Portuguese closed down the
existing schools and started a few
Christian schools. The Dutch at the
start encouraged education by estab-
fishing more schools and gave scholar
ships to promising students to complete
their studies in the Leyden University.
Since the British occupation Of Cey-
ION education Is going on at a snail's
pace and much has yet to be done to
make the tomorrow's hundred per cent
electorate" literate, If not to reach the
standard reached by many free coun-
tries.
1t took over hundred years for the
British government to introduce a sys-
tenn of partially free and compulsory
elementary education into Ceylon Ord
nance Ne. of 1906 made primary edu-
cation compulsory and free in urban
areas, and Ordinance No. 8 of 1907 in
rural areas.
Since the year 1900 the pace Of prog
gress quickened bit, and the Orinance
No. Of 1920 made the taxpayer meet
and made primary education free and
compulsory.
Primary education is compulsory in
law from 1907 in Ceylop.
Yet one said fact remains BY the
end of 1880 over 100000 children were
growing to citizenship without any edu-
cation whatever. as against 100000 who
were taught.
The schools are either state or aided
and managed by religious or educational
bodies and private individuals. There
are a good number of unaided schools.
The education of child costs the gov
eminent far more in a state school than
in an aided school. Denominational
and educational organizations and other
managers are rendering great service
to the country by running schools at
considerable sacrifice
Evening star., 1932-09-20

stitute what Is probably the largest
consumer Of raw products and manu-
factured goods in the country. Every
man, woman and child is advantaged
by the fact, for the money goes out
through . hundred channels to every
section of the land.
Viewed In the light Of their practical
devotion to public good and with regard
to the ultimate distribution CT their
costs, the Army and Navy are anything
but parasitic. They justify their exist
ence directly and indirectly day by day
The United States Military Academy
furnishes striking evidence of the civilian
significance Of at least one branch of
the military establishment. Founded in
1902. the institution up to 1928 had
1851 students, of which number S,486
were graduated and became officers.
But these men were not exclusively in
terested in military matters. Among
the alumni have been one President,
one President of the Confederate States,
three presidential candidates, two vice
presidential candidates. four cabinet
members, fifteen Ambassadors, twenty
six members of Congress, nineteen Gov
ernors, ninety members Of State Legis-
latures, nineteen mayors of cities, fifty
three university presidents, twenty-one
judges, twenty-one bank presidents,
forty-two editors, thirteen publishers, two
hundred and forty-two authors. one hun
dred and twenty-three railroad and cor
poration presidents, five geologists, four
teen inventors, one hundred and seventy
eight professors, three hundred and ten
engineers. one bishop. twenty-one
clergymen and host of business men.
According to the pacifist theory, a citi-
zen trained to arms is good for nothing
but saber-rattling. In actual fact, as
this list indicates, he is good for a
number OF socially useful and helpful
things. Undoubtedly, the Naval Acad-
emy, at Annapolis, could match the
West Point showing on demand.
Clear thinking is necessary with re-
spect to Army and Navy affairs. The
public owes it to the services not to be
deceived by propaganda intended to de-
stroy either their military or their
civilian utility.
Evening star., 1932-09-20
South Americas Wars.

While the patio Of the Pan-American
Union in Washington echoes in sweet
est harmony to the melodies of the
music of all the Latin Americas, the
Southern Continent becomes from day
to day an ever more raucous aggrega-
tion Of unbrotherly discords. At the
very hour Bolivia and Paraguay are
preparing to declare a truce in their
conflict over the Gran Chaco their
neighbors, Colombia and Peru, have in
itiated preparations looking to the i'm
minent possibility of war between those
two countries. Between revolutions,
civil strife and international hostilities.
South America appears condemned to
chronic and incurable turmoil.
Colombia, whose Senate and House
last night unanimously approved $l0,-
900, 900 national defense bill, is outraged
by the seizure by Peruvian elements
of Leticia, the port city ceded to
Colombia by Peru in boun-
Diary treaty. Although the Peruvian
government asserts that, as far as it
knows, no Peruvian soldiers were in
volved in the seizure, the Colombian
people consider that the occupation CT
Leticia was a formal act of aggression
and are demanding war to avenge it.
Milling mobs are surging through the
streets of Bogota, the Colombian capital
and shouting imprecations upon the
head of Senor Sanchez Cerro, Dictator
President Of Peru. Private citizens, in
a fervor Of martial emotion, are offer
ing their fortunes to the government
for war purposes.
Meantime, Colombian troops are on
the march to recover Leticia. Bogota
dispatches indicate that if they are
able to pass the Peruvian fort at Puerto
Arturo, on the Putumayo River, without
a clash, hope for peaceful settlement
Of the seizure incident will be tire
mendously increased" A straw indicat-
ing that Peru harbors warlike inten-
tions Is the announcement at Lima
that President Sanchez Cerro, in a
patriotic gesture, has donated a
months salary, amounting to $3.50. to
purchase ornaments.
1t is barely possible that the PERU
vians, who, like most Of their South
American neighhors, have been leading
a fevcred political and economic exist
ence for the past three years, with revo-
lutions and counter-revolutions as their
regular diet, are deliberately seeking the
diversion" of q war with Colombia
The supporters of the Sanchez Cerro
throne, which has wobbled periodically
since the destruction Of the Leguia
dynasty, may see their only salvation in
an appeal to Peruvians' national pride. !"
For some time there have been rumhles
that both Peru and Argentina were
making ready to supplant their existing
regimes with a Socialistic form of gov
ernment like that under way in Chile.
The Cerroistas may be casting an an
chor to windward in provoking hostili-
ties with Colombia.
Evening star., 1932-09-20
A Colorless Campaign.

: Gov. Franklin D. Roosevelt, the Demo-
cratic nominee, is clearly seeking 10
avoid the pitfalls which menaced the
late William Jennings Bryan when ne
sought the presidency. The New YORK
Governor has nothing to say Tor Gov
ernment railroad ownership and opera
ton. nor does he give any promise Oh
free silver" but he declares that, Wha'-
ever is done for silver, the currency
must remain sound" Even In MS
address on the farm problem the Gov
ernor has skirted the various plans pro-
posed to deal with the surplus crops, the
debenture, the equalization fee, domestc
ALLEGATION and the like, but without oe-
claring for any of them.
Can Gov. Roosevelt win to him the
impoverished farmers of the West and
the miners who have been out OF WORK
for a long time without serving up to
them a more solid diet? Will his ex-
pressions of sympathy and statements
of their evil case alone suffice to turn
them into Democratic voters? These
are questions that will be answered
after Gov. Roosevelt has completed his
swing through the West and has re-
turned to the East, which, apparently,
he is sedulously seeking not to offend
bv any radical utterance during his
campaign in the great open spaces.
After all, the East must be seriously
considered, for it has the great bulk OF
the electoral votes. Once again the
huge advantage of a Democratic candi-
date, starting with the solid South"
back of him, becomes apparent, how
ever. for it is fact that the South,
plus a few Of the Northern and Eastern
States and the West can carry the ma
tional election.
Gov. Roosevelt has not yet made
serious blunder in his campaign tour OF
the West. At least that is the view OF
the Democratic leaders. If he contln-
ues blunderless, they regard his elec-
ton as certain. In the meantime they
insist that the candidates magnetic
smile and voice are gathering votes for
him wherever he goes.
Glittering generalities have not been
associated in the past with the name
of Roosevelt When the late Col. Theo-
dore Roosevelt, also Of New York and
at one time also a Governor OF the
Empire State, was campaigning the
great West took him to her heart. But
not because he pussyfooted. The in
defniteness of the present Gov. Roose-
welt, his lack of any tangible plans TO
aid the country and the unemployed IN
the present depression may, after all.
come to be measured by the voters IN
comparison with the very definite pro-
grams of President Hoover and the
steps which he has taken tirelessly in
the last three years to fight on eco
nomic disaster After all, there Is
such a thing as being too colorless, and
Gov. Roosevelt's campaign to date. out
side of attack upon the Republican ad-
ministration, has produced nothing
new. His whole. plan OF campaign,
apparently, has been to foster discon-
tent and let nature take its course. The
voters may be more interested in what
NAV happen in the next four years than
they are in what has happened in the
last three.
Evening star., 1932-09-20

Two Texans met in the streets of
Thornton and made the village known
to print by shooting at arms length
and killing each other. Nobody knows
what the quarrel was about, except the
two men who settled it so completely.
1t seems plain, however, that it could
not have been worth duel by method
which virtually amounted to an i'm
promptu suicide pact. That satire on
dueling, Sheridan's THE Rivals" still
needs to be brought to public attention
with frequency.
Evening star., 1932-09-20
SHOOTING STARS.
by PHILANDER JOHNSON.
Pointing q Distinction.

The man who 'mongst our foemen bolt
Is leader of the crew;
Who has their speeches we'll controlled
And tells them what to do
Though he will face the fight alone,
And let no threat appal him,
With indignation In our tone.
"A boss" we freely call him.
But one who TO our cause Is bound,
Though he veciferate,
And order us like serfs around
To help him rule the state
Although his aspect may seem grim
To you, oh, gentle reader
We have another name for him,
He is "our peerless leader.
Evening star., 1932-09-20
Why Pick on the Driversi

The District hack inspector has ar
rested and obtained the conviction in
Police Court of three men charged with
driving rented cabs in violation OF q
Public Utilities Commission regulation,
which attempts to outlaw the rented
cab system.
The drivers pleaded poverty and
their five-dollar fines were reduced to
two dollars. The conviction is i'm
portant because it establishes validity,
in the lower courts at least, of the Pub
lie Utilities regulation.
But is not the hack inspector, or. for
that matter, the Police Department
which he represents, going at the en-
forcement of this regulation from the
wrong direction? Why pick on the
drivers? The rental cab companies, the
owners Of the cabs, also violated the
regulation. They are the ones the
Public Utilities Commission is after.
The poor drivers are not cnly poverty
stricken, but they are exploited by the
vicious rent-a-cab system. Instead o.
being haled into court, they should be
utilized as Government witnesses and
the operators arrested and fined.
The hack inspector is a police ser
geant and has only one or two assistants
to help him. But the whole police force
could be used to enforce this regulation.
1t would seem that the best weapon In
the hands of the authorities is to deny
hackers tags to companies guilty OF
violating the rental regulations. A
drive" that nets impoverished men
trying to earn living by renting cabs
but which fails to touch the operators
exploiting these men at great profit TO
themselves, is not impressive.
Evening star., 1932-09-20
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN.

@. Who said John Marshall has
made his decision; now let him enforce
A It was ascribed to President An
decision Of the Supreme Court In one
OF the cases involving the Cherokee IN
dian Nation and the State OF Georgia.
The Supreme Court had found in favor
of the Indians, but, as the interests Of
the United States. as well as the State
Of Georgia, were believed by Jackson to
be superior, the Indians were gradually
displaced from their lands In spite Of
the treaty subsisting
O. How long did redemptioners
serve7-P. T. G.
A. Many indentured servants came
over from England under bond to serve
a number Of years for their passage
They served four, fve or seven yea1
according to the contract. This system
was introduced in Virginia in 1907 and
In Massaehusetts in 1881. It also ex-
necticut and Pennsylvania.
@. When was the Chinese Republic
recognized by the United States?-
M. s.
A. 1t was recognized by President
WILSON on May q, 1915.
@. Who first used the willow pattern
on pottery?-s. NJ.
A. Thomas Minton.
@. Where does one FIRST find the
phrase First in war, first in peace and
first Ill the hearts of his country
men"?-A r.
A. John Marshall's address on the
death Of Washington concluded with
the House resolutions drawn by Light
horse Harry Lee" These resolutions
included the phrase quoted Marshalls
address marks the first publication Of
the phrase.
Q. When was Darling Nellie Gray"
written?-B NJ.
A. It was written by B. r. HANDY
and copyrighted in 1856.
@. Had Oliver Cromwell a particular
interest In the American colonieS?-
E. C.
A. In 1643 he was appointed one of
a board Of commissioners for the gen.
eral management of all the English
colonies in America. Other duties occu-
pied most Of his time at this period.
O. What is the difference between a
total eclipse Of the sun and an annular
eclipse? "A. S. B.
A. Annular eclipse-When the moon
is more distant than usual, so that
around its disk is thin ring Of true
sunlight unobscured. Total eclipse -
when the moon is at the critical dis
tance where its conical shadow, passing
over the earth, falls short of certain
regions (annular eclipse visible but
touches others in between (totslity Wis
ible).
@. How fast do fir trees used for
Christmas trees grow?-J. T.
A. The average age Of a Christmas
trae Is from 5-l0 years and the growth
of the average Christmas tree is about
10 inches per year. This varies with
the different species.
@. Do all gypsies speak the same
language?-B NJ
A. There IS a great difference in
language among the tribes. In America
the younger generations speak English
and are rapidly forgetting their native
tongues. Hungarian, Rumanian and
Spanish gypsies seldom intermarry.
O. When a foreigner is naturalized
in this country is his former country
notifiedf-R B.
A. His native country is not notified.
Q What are small pickles cal.ed?-
A They are usually des gnatcd as
gherkins. Those of very snall sze are
often called midgets.