davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Daily Alaska empire., 1932-08-29
GAMES SUNDAY
Pacific Coast League

Pacific Coast League Hollywood 8, 1; San Francesca D. Z.
 Missions l, 3; Los Angeles l2, 4. Sacramento 0, 8; Portland 5, 2. Seattle-O Oakland, rained out.
 National League New York 4; Chicago 5. Philadelphia 2, 2; Cincinnati l, 8 Brooklyn l, 4; St. Louis 4, 6.
 American League Chicago 5, 5; New York 2, Il. Cleveland 10.. 3; Boston l, 4, Detroit 15; Washington '.
Evening star., 1932-02-22
RAILROADS SEEKING
s5,00Go)D LOANS.
Credit. and Finance Corpora
tions Are Busy Receiving
Carrier Applications.
BY the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, February 22.-There
are two corporations in the railroad
field which are reporting brisk and rap
idly growing activity since February l.
They are the new Railroad Credit
Corporation and the new Reconstruc-
ton Finance Corporation. Together
they have received applications for
loans from carriers aggregating more
than s75,0O0.oo and more applications
are in prospect. Two carriers alone
have been mentioned as prospective
seekers for s1oo.OoO,ooO each. They
are the Pennsylvania and the New
York Central Railroads.
Roads Pooling Revenues.
The Railroad Credit Corporation was
set up by the railroads themselves on
I. c. c. recommendation. They are
pooling revenues to be derived this year
from increases in freight rate schedules
from which they will loan money to
carriers which will need helping hand
- meet loan maturities.
This pool, it was originally estimated,
would approximate S125, 100000 for the
year. but revised figures recently have
been handed down which place the an
ticipated surcharge income at $S0,-
100000 The carriers state that the
earlier figure was based on 1881 freight
traffic. So far in 1882, traffic has been
about 20 per cent lower than for the
corresponding period one year ago.
The Railroad Credit Corporation Is
understood to have approved making
CONTINUED ON Pare 2 Column IL
Evening star., 1932-02-22
u. S. DEFENSE NEED
IS FORUM THEME
Senator's Reed and Hale to Outline
Army and Navy Programs on
Radio Tonight.

The need of improving the national
defense forces of the United States will
be set forth in the National Radio
Forum at 10 O'Clock tonight by two
congressional leaders, Senator David A.
Reed of Pennsylvania, chairman of the
Military Affairs Committee, and Sem
ator Frederick Hale of Maine. chairman
OF the Naval Affairs Committee.
The forum program, arranged by The
Washington Star and broadcast over
the network of the National Broadcast
ing Co., will be feature Of the days
celebration of the anniversary Of the
birth of the first President and leader
of the Continental Army. The increas-
ingly serious conflict in the Far East
brings added timeliness to the discus
sion.
Senator Hale is sponsor of bill pro-
posing Navy building program de-
signed to give the United States eventu-
ally Navy of full treaty strength, on
equality with that of Great Britain and
on 5-to-3-plus ratio with Japan.
Senator Reed will outline the need
OF maintaining the Army at a proper
strength and the necessity of military
framing for the youth of the country.
Evening star., 1932-02-22
ALEXANDRIA SEES
THOUSANDS PARADE
President, Gov. Pollard and
Other Officials Lead
Pageantry Tribute.
By a stafr Correspondent Of The Star.

BY Staff Correspondent of The Star.
ALEXANDRIA, Va, February 22-
This quiet little city, which George
Washington cherished, echoed thunder
Gus homage today to his greatness.
With early morning, f1ag-decked
streets were filling with mighty tide
of pilgrims from the reaches of the
Union washington guided in struggling
infancy.
Later in the day, through the same
highways, a host of his countrymen
were to march in pageantry spanning
the years from Lexington to Sedan-a
tribute in which they were to be led by
the President of the United States, th2
Governor of Virginia, and other Off
cials of Nation and commonwealth.
Blue and buff of the revolution on
which this republic was founded
mingled with the khaki of the World
War. which more firmly cemented it;
frills and furbelows of the manor house
brushed the creations of modern age as
Alexandria re-lived the days of Wash
ington amid the scenes he knew sc
well.
Rain. which had threatened to mar
the celebration, cleared away with
early morning. and sunny skies greeted
the first visitors.
While the thousands who were to
take part in the parade through the
city were preparing to fall in line, amid
the hustle and hustle of last-minute
preparations, other throngs were gath
cred about historic Gadsbys Tavern,
there to welcome John Garland Pol
lard, Governor of Virginia, and men,
bers of the Legislature, who laid aside
their tasks of State to venerate the
memory of their most illustrious fellow
citizen.
The reception to the Governor and
his associates was arranged at l o'clock
by Mayor Ticer and his associates, and
afterward they were to go to Royal and
Prince streets, where Gov. Pollard was
to take his place at the head of the
parade, scheduled to start at 2:l5.
To Meet the President.
At Washington and Princess streets,
Gov Pollard was to enter the reviewing
stand, there to be ready to greet Presi-
dent Hoover. members of his cabinet
and of Congress, diplomats and high
ranking officers of the armed forces.
A crowded program was making it
impossible for the officials to get more
than brief view Of the pageant. with
its cast of 10000. The President and
Governor were due at Mount Vernon
about o'clock for ceremonies.
The parade. an annual event, spon-
Continued on Page 3, Column g.
Evening star., 1932-02-22
Ry the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
COLUMBIA, S. c., February a.
Seventy-three years ago today Anne
Pamela Cunningham was lifted from
her invalid's bed to scrawl painfully on
a piece of paper her signature the
Nation had purchased Mount Vernon.
It was this South Carolina woman,
first regent and organizer of the Mount
Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union,
who bought the home of George Wash
ington with her life. with the pennies
of school children and with the dollars
of statesmen.
Anne Pamela was born at Rose
mont, Laurens County, S. c., in 1916,
and it was from Rosemont that she
carried on most of her work, writing
entreaties to newspapers and personal
letters
In going about over the country
Evening star., 1932-02-22
LEvEES ARE BROKEN
BY SWOLLEN RIVERS
Mississippi Delta Residents Evac.
uate Homes-Highway Is
Under Water.
BY the Associated Press.

DS tilc hSSOCldteQ fTeSS.
MEMPHIS, Tenn, February 22-
Troubles of the Mississippi Valley
dwellers, harassed by floods since be-
fore Christmas, were complicated today
by weekend rains and levee breaks.
From to "a inches of water from
the Yazoo River washed over a Smile
stretch Of State highway near Yazoo
City in the Mississippi Delta and con-
vict laborers worked to close 250-foot
levee gap at Silver City. Miss.
A segment of levee 10 miles south OF
Garland City in Southwest Arkansas
gave way and soggy ground frustrated
plans of Government engineers TO
build loop behind the faulty barrier.
The Qua rlita, menace of Monroe in
Northeast Louisiana, rose to 48.3, more
than feet above food stage. Most of
West Monroe still was under water.
The Mississippi. itself, was above
flood stage at Vicksburg, Miss, and
Helena, Ark, where slight rises were
recorded yesterday. There were rains
in Northwest Mississippi and Northeast
Louisiana yesterday and more were
forecast today.
AT Webb. in the Mississippi Delta.
the fall of backwaters from Cass::SS.-
Bayou was checked by rains and many
Of the refugees expected to be unable
to 60 back to their homes until next
month.
The Mississippi was stationary at 3s.6
feet at Memphis. where food stage Is
IS feet. The city. built on a bluff, is
not endangered by floods. The Red
River rose at Alexandria and Shreve-
port. La, but the Arkansas at Fort
Smith, Ark, dropped.
Residents of the Jonestown section,
across from Yazoo City, were evacuat-
ing their homes in view Of the river
conditions. High water has driven
thousands from their homes in the
lower valley river country since the
the floods began In December.
Evening star., 1932-02-22
'2OREPyBL|CS HEAR
TRIBUTES BY RADIO
Cuban Ambassador and Sec.
rotary Stimson Among BIZ
centennial Speakers.

The people of America today shared
their national hero-George Washing
ton-with the peoples Of 20 republics to
the south.
At solemn ceremony, broadcast to
those countries from the Hall Of the
Americas OF the Pan-American Union,
Ambassador Orestes Ferrara Of Cuba
said the name of Washington was a
shining symbol throughout the wide
lands of Latin America"
Secretary of State Henry L. Stimson
thanked Ambassador Ferrara for his
tribute to Washington. He said he was
certain it would make a deep impress
sion on the people of this country.
The special Bicentennial ceremony
was attended by the governing board Of
the Pan-American Union, composed of
the Ambassadors, Ministers and charges
d'affaires of the 20 republics Of Latin
America. and Secretary Stimson. Fol-
lowing the addresses a wreath was
placed at the bust of Washington.
Music Part of Exercises.
The Marine Band Orchestra played
program Of music as part Of the
exercises.
Speaking as vice chairman of the
governing board. Ambassador Ferrara
said George Washington is "one of the
beacons placed at intervals along the
highroad of history.
The people of the United States,
he said, with legitimate pride, hold
Washington their greatest glory. But
although Washington gave himself only
to the service of the 13 Colonies OF
North America, his life is a heritage
belonging to the whole world. Virtue
claims him for her own and. regard
less of frontiers, makes him citizen
of every corner of the globe.
In the heroic struggle for ipde-
pendence throughout the wide lands OF
Latin America, many were the illus
trious and glorious leaders who, with
magnificent generosity, offered their
strength and their intellect to the cause
of liberty. To them the name of Wash
ington was a shining symbol and each
son of a new republic who rendered
the greatest service to the nascent
democracy was fguratively called the
Washington of the country"
The Cuban Ambassador pointed out
that in the formation of their govern
ments as well as in the struggle for
independence. many of the Latin
American republics drew upon Wash
ington for guidance.
His life" he continued, "was a
hymn in praise Of honor, uprightness
and patriotism. Therefore, on this
day, the 200th anniversary Of his
Continued on Page 3, Column g.
Evening star., 1932-02-22

Fhilatelists from all over the country
fiocked to Mount Vernon today to secure
FIRST day covers" with the special
"Wakefield' postal cachets and Mount
Vernon postmarks made available by
the Post Office Department in COM
memoration of George Washington's
birthday Bicentennial commemorative
stamps appear on most of the covers.
The Unique postmark, which In future
years will be Of increasing value among
stamp collectors. IS expected to be on
more than 100000 pieces Of mail before
the post office at the old home OF
George Washington closes at o'clock
today. The small staff of the Mount
Vernon post office was augmented by
additional help from the City Post
Once in Washington, but even with
this aid, clerks had difficulty coping
with the flow of mail.
One wing Of the new Concessions
Building was turned over to the Post
ONCE Department as q temporary can
collation. division, with q dozen extra
clerks handling the stamping Of the
mail covers. The special cachet being
placed on each piece Of mail is in ad-
dition to the regular Mount Vernon
cancellation. which is dated February
Evening star., 1932-02-22
PUBLIC IS SCORED
FOR SCHOOL EVILS
Burdens Added, but Support
Is Lacking, Declares
DR.. c. H. Judd.

Society -at-large was castigated in this
mornings session of the National Edu-
cation Associations Department Of
Superintendent convention for saddling
education with additional responsible
ties and then failing to give its school
systems adequate support or sympathy
in their efforts to carry the burden.
Dr. Charles H. Judd. dean of the
School of Education. University CT Chi
cago seized upon the criticisms made
in the departments tenth annual year
book" devoted entirely to character
education. and flayed vigorously 'the
SNUG exploiters who have been driving
communities to the brink Of ruin by
their greed and self-seeking" while they
have had the effrontery to pass adverse
judgm ent on the schools experiments. u
The Yearbook. which was presented
to the convention at the beginning of
tooay's meeting. the second general ses-
sion, cited the conversion Of the radio.
press and cinema from potential
agencies of character education to mere
tools Of industry in the promotion of
commercial profit. Speakers discussed
particular phases of the Yearbook,
which was outlined in yesterdays Star.
No Thought to Change.
In his address on Education, Our
Guide. and Our Safeguard. and One Of
the Chief Sources of Our Spiritual Life,
Our Cultural Growth, and Our Ma
terial Power" DR.. Judd drew up battle
lines between industry and education.
The schools. he said, have for years
been preparing for the increased en-
rollmentS which society. by its COM
pulsory school attendance and child
labor laws have given them. The
stucent increase. he contended, Is a
symptom Of a new social order, and
industrial leaders have given no thought
to the change.
How well we remember the arro-
gance with which business vaunted
itself before october. 1929" DR.. Judd
declared How often We were exhorted
to learn from business management how
to conduct schools. The fact is that
business was then, and is today. far
less effective in rendering genuine
service to the nation than are the
schools" Continuing he asserted:
II confess am filled with resentment
when I hear the criticisms Of those
who say that the American schools are
failures There are the SNUG exploiters
of society who have been driving COM
munities to the brink of ruin by their
greed and self-seeking. They have re-
fused to adopt new taxing systems.
They have refused to study social
movements They have been parsi-
monious with the schools, and they
have had the effrontery to pass adverse
Continued on Page 4, Column A.
Evening star., 1932-02-22
PURCHASE OF MOUNT VERNON
TOOK PLACE 73 YEARS AGO
South Carolina Woman Gave Life to Raising $780, 900
for Historic Residence.

soliciting funds for purchase of the first
Presidents home, she became Ill and
was confined to an invalid's bed.
John Augustine Washington, who
owned Mount Vernon, asked 5000. 1000
for the site and on February %, 1859
the sum raised-the purchase was made
Concerning closing Of the sale Anne
Pamela said "All the papers were read
in due form and then a gentleman
knelt beside my couch and held the
papers for my signature; my lifeless
fingers could hold pen, but a few
moments; could make only two or three
letters at time.
Finally all was gotten through with,
and the papers, with my fearful scrawl,
carried to the archives of the State. I
was In mental stupor for three weeks.
Has not Mount Vernon been bought
with Drics9" p -.-.- ss
Evening star., 1932-02-22
Small Garrison in Walled VIII
lage Holds Off Great Push.
Shells Pour Anew Into Cha
pei as Drive Opens in Night.
PLANE SQUADR0NS HIT
COMMUNICATION LINES
Severe Fighting Reported Danger.
ously Close to American Troops
on Edge Of International Settle.
ment-Tokio Resorts to Propa.
ganda Dropped Among Foes.
BY the Associated Press

BY the Associated Press.
SHANGHAI, February o.
China's national government Is
preparing for a war against
Japan which will last a year, 1t
was said today in an authorita-
tive quarter.
The government is buying
large quantities of ammunition
and airplanes and importing
trench-digging machinery from
Germany. The authorities are
convinced that the future of
the Chinese nation depends on
the outcome of this struggle
and are confident of the sup
port Of all the people.
tCopyright. 1882 by the Associated Pressl
SHANGHAI, February 22.-Lieut.
Gen. Kenkichi Uyeda's powerfully
equipped japanese Army forced
its way past and around the stout
ly defended village of Kiangwan
this afternoon in the most terrific
attack since hostilities began Sat-
urday and slashed a slowly re-
treating Chinese second line.
Kiangwan village, defended by
its stubborn little knot of a few
hundred Chinese troops with a
tenacity and bravery equal to that
Of Leonidas and his 300 at Their
mopylae, held firm even after the
japanese line advanced pvt and
behind it.
It continued to hole fast still
later, when tie Chinese force to
the rear of the village, which had
assisted in its defense, began to
retreat under the smashing blows
OF the japanese assault. The rear
defense was battered by fire from
the japanese artillery, from tanks
and by bombs and machine-gun
fire from airplanes.
An unconfirmed reportewas circulated
tonight that the arrival of heavy Japa-
nese reinforcements, possibly totaling
two divisions of troops, was imminent.
Japanese military headquarters said,
however, that there were no reinforce
ments nearby.
Fall Expected Soon.
The fall of the walled village was
expected momentarily as its rear sup
port began to slump back The Jap
anese drive. encircling the town on the
north and pushing into the south, was
made through huge gap blasted out
Of the Chinese line during the fore
noon. This was followed by an artil-
lery bombardment, for which a number
of additional big guns were brought up.
Afterward fleet of tanks drove for
ward, clearing the way of snipers and
machine-gun nests. One report said
(Coptip,,aJ IN Dana rol,,r,p
Evening star., 1932-02-22
COLLECTORS STORM MT. VERNON
TO GET BICENTENNIAL STAMPS
Postal Authorities Expect 100000 Will be Taken in
on First Days Sale.

%. The cachet depicts the birthplace
of Washington, Wakefield. and the date
of his birth is inscribed beneath.
Trucks loaded down with sacks OF
mail were leaving the post ofice every
or 10 minutes throughout the morn
Ing. The lines waiting to post letters
began forming before s o'clock this
morning, three hours before the office
doors were opened.
Work of affixing the cachet and can
collation. to the letters has been in
progress for several days, by special ar
rangement of the Post once Depart
ment. A staff of workers in the stamp
division of the City Post ONCE here
was assigned last week to the task Of
aiding in the cancellation work, and a
stamping machine with Mount Vernon
postmark was set up in this unit.
Postal authorities estimated more than
100000 would be expended by the
stamp collectors and others for post
age on mail going through the post
ONCE at Mount Vernon today. Until
February 10, ofiicials had permitted
large bundles of mail to be addressed
to the postmaster at Mount Vernon to
be released into the mails today, In
order to offset the eleventh-hour influx
Of letters. -
Evening star., 1932-02-22
LIFE MUCH SUPERIOR TO MAN
ENVISIONED IN OUTER UNIVERSE
Prof. Macmillan of Chicago Disputes
Jeans-Eddington Theory of Formless
Mass Composing Distant Worlds.

They hold the universe Is gradually
wearing down to a state where all mat
ter, from star galaxies to electrons, will
become vast, inert mass, formless,
lifeless and cold.
But Dr. Macmillan, in contrast to
the theory of the British scientists con-
ceiveS a universe infinite in time and
space and pervaded by a fine struc-
ture Of unknown composition which diff
fuses energy amid all forms of matter.
In this universe, through the fine
structure of space. energy may ebb and
flow, breaking down in one body, build
ing up another" he said. But the
Continued on Page 2, Column -
Evening star., 1932-02-22
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
CHICAGO. February 22.-Inhabitants
on the distant worlds as far superior to
mankind as men are to single life cells
are envisioned by by DR.. william D.
Macmillan. professor of mathematical
astronomy at the University Of Chicago.
He outlined his theory in amplifying
brief article Of his, published January
IS. in which he voiced for the first time
the skepticism of many American scien-
lists toward the explosion Of the uni
verse idea advanced by the Cambridge
astronomers, Eddington and Jeans.
Evening star., 1932-02-22
FEW DELEGATIONS
IN EAST -BOUND'
Maryland Alone Among II
States Requiring Con-
vention Pledge.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, February 22-Direc'
preferences of enrolled Democrats anc
Republicans for President, as expressed
at the polls in primaries, will be bind.
ing upon national convention delegates
from Maryland alone of IL Eastern
States.
-Four Of those States will have pref.
erence prirnaries-New Jersey, Pennsyl-
vania, Maryland and West Virginia
Delegates to the national conventions
will be elected at the preference pri-
maries in all those States except Mary
land, which will choose them at State
conventions.
Delegates from Maryland will be
bound by the popular choice only SC
long as there IS reasonable chance
for the nomination. At joint primary
May 2 the voters of each party will
express preferences for the presidential
nominee and also choose delegates to
State conventions.
Votes by Counties.
In the State convention delegate-
will vote by counties for the presidential
choice in accordance with the pref
erence votes of individual counties. The
result Of the State conventions vote
will govern delegates to the national
conventions. The voters are permitted
to record on the ballot at the primary
a preference that there be no instruc-
tions.
At the Pennsylvania primary candi-
dates for delegates may have placed be-
meath their names on the ballot the
fact that they dc or do not promise to
President. There Is no penalty II they
fail to keep the promise. The custom
in New Jersey is similar.
In New Hampshire and Massachu-
sets delegates will be elected at pri-
maries and may pledge themselves or
the primary ballot for particular can.
didate. Voters at the primaries will
not record preferences for President.
Delegates from West Virginia are
free to vote in national conventions a
they wish, regardless Of the voters
preference.
Six Convention States.
Delegates to national conventions
from Maine. Vermont, Rhode Island
Connecticut New York and Delaware
will be chosen by State conventions,
which can in their pleasure instruct
the delegates to national conventions
for specified candidates Most Of those
States will have primaries for the Sc
lection of delegates to the State con-
ventions. Some have caucuses.
Dates for various primaries and con-
ventions, so far as fixed. follow:
March 8-New Hampshire primary.
March 29-30-Maine Democratic
Convention.
March 3l-Maine Republican Con-
vention.
April 5-New York primaries.
April 26-Pennsylvania preference
primary: Massachusetts, primary.
May 2-Maryland preference primary
May lowest Virginia preference
primary.
May 17-New Jersey preference pri-
mary.
May 1s-vermont Democratic Con-
vention.
May 2l-Delaware Democratic pri-
mary.
May 24-Delaware Democratic Con-
YentiOn. .-- -
Evening star., 1932-02-22
PROFESSOR SMOTHERED
IN AVALANCHE OF SNOW
Four Students, Members of a Party
of skiiers, Make Escape
in Rainier Park,
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press
LONGMIRE. Wash, February a.
Ions OF snow left by an avalanche near
the entrance to Paradise valley.
Rainier National Park, marked the
spot today where Richard Pearce,
youthful University of Washington in
structor, lost his life.
One of party of five skiiers, Pearce
was overwhelmed and buried by the
swirling snow Saturday afternoon. He
apparently tried to outrun the slide.
His body was recovered and yesterday
was returned to Seattle.
Charles Mcdonald, university
senior, Of Seattle, was also caught in
the rushing snow and knocked down,
but struggled free.
The three others of the party, Leroy
Lines of Council Bluffs, Iowa; Palmer
Rooms Of Spokane, and Earl Montgom-
cry of Seattle, all students, were trail
ing behind at 25-foot intervals and es-
capped.
Evening star., 1932-02-22

KINGSTON, N. Y, February % OP,.
The estate of the late Myron j.
Michael, education, will 60 to his sons,
Herbert Michael of Rochester. N. Y,
and William w. Michael of Pasadena,
Calf, upon the death of their mother.
Mrs. Hattie B. Michael, by terms of the
will, she was left the estate in trust.
The value was not disclosed.
Evening star., 1932-02-22

Radio Programs on Page B-6
Evening star., 1932-02-22

Continued on Page 2, Column %
Evening star., 1932-02-22
Widow Gets Michael Estate.

Continued on Page 4, Column A.