davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1932-01-25

bureaus which now add unnecessarily
to the burden Of the taxpayers, the
elimination OF useless and unnecessary
public offices AMI the removal from po
litical influence Of the Board CT Educa-
ton. the Folice Department and "other
agencies vital to the welfare Of the peo-
pie"
In the courGe OF this report covering
nearly two hundrel printed ps gcs, Judge
Scsbury reviews the evidence pointing
20 an amazing system of personal graft,
practiced by municipal officials and po-
litical hangers-on in the municipal gov
crnment He cites the evidence OF the
large personal picking" enjoyed by
public officers and their sp1nsors. He
notes as examples the wonder box Of
Sheriff Farley and the taking by that
same offlcial OF interest Oh TIE i'm
pounded funds of litigents. He reports
the flight Of the mayors financial agent
and associate, whose testimony the
committee sought and whose departure
from the jurisdiction Of the committee
prevented the pursuit OF an Inquiry into
the financial doin9s OF the municipal
executive, who was not called as wit
ness because OF the absence OF his agent.
He notes the intervention OF Tammany
Leader Curry in these and other mat
ters. He points to the swelling OF the
roster Of the unemployment relief rolls
by the appointment of partisans to the
exclusion OF those OF other political
efTlliatlonS. TteEe are only few OF
tie reve,ati ms that have been made
before the Legislative Committee, all
OF which we're re2!sted by the D2mo-
cratic members Of the committee, whose
position throughout the inquiry has
been one CT resistance and obstruction.
This is not matter of political par
tianship. Judge Seabury himself is a
Democrat of the highest standing. In
his service as chief counsel of the
Legislative Committee he has acted
strictly with the view that the welfare
of all the people Of Greater New York
is at stake and that it can be safe
guarded only by enforcement OF the
municipal management from the cor
rupt end corrupting dominance Of a
private organization that pas gained
control.
Evening star., 1932-01-25

At the same time that Gov RooSe-
yelt's letter agreeing that his name be
entered in the North Dakota primary
was being made public Chairman John
j. Raskob Of the Democratic National
Committee was sending out his formal
call for the national convention, which
is to be held in Chicago June 27. The
call is the usual routine call, setting
forth the basis of delegate strength Tor
each State and Territory and the Dis
trict of Columbia. A feature OF the
call, however, is the recommendation OF
the National Committee that the States
give as much representation In their
delegations to women as may be pos
sible. The call says In this connection: ::
In order that opportunity may be al
forded the various States to give ade-
uuate representation to women as dele
gates at large without disturbing pre-
Vailing party custom, there may be
elected four delegates at large for each
Senator in Congress with one-half vote
each In the national convention, and
further, it is recommended to the
States that one-half of the delegates
at large shall be women"
The Smith Raskob and Roosevelt
camps of Democrats have competing
proposals for planks in the national
platform dealing with prohibition. The
Smith Raskob plank Is to pledge Demo-
cratic members Of Congress to vote for
the so-called "home-rule referendum
the submission of constitutional
amendment providing for home rule in
connection with the manufacture and
sale of liquor The Roosevelt plank is
reported to be a pledge merely to sup
port referendum in each individual
State on the subject of national prohi-
bition. The Smith Raskob plan would
mean something That proposed by the
Roosevelt camp would be meaningless
Congress cannot order the States to
hold referendum under the Federal
Constitution. But the Roosevelt plank
might be, and probably would be. less
offensive to the dry West and South.
Evening star., 1932-01-25
Why Not Reduce Gas Rates?

When the gas companies voluntarily
reduced their rates after a change in
ownership and these rates were modi-
fed and put into effect by an order
of the Public Utilities Commission. the
gas companies estimated that the re-
duction might cost them some S4O0, 900
in revenue. OF course, they did not be-
lieve the rate reduction would cost
that much. They believed that popu-
larization of gas for heating, coupled
with the lower rates, would increase
business and yield additional revenue.
Such has been the case. The net
profit by the companies for 1881 is
expected to show an increase of some
s350000 over 1880. What about re-
duction OF rates7 The only possible
barrier might be the extensive and in
tricate ownership of the gas companies
outside Of Washington that undoubt-
edly needs every penny 1t can drain
from the local plants.
Cannot Peoples Counsel Keech and
the Public Utilities Commission set
about hurdling the barrier?
Evening star., 1932-01-25
THIS AND THAT
BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL.

/ spectacle, It all the more appreciates
tie real thing. Otherwise no one would
ever travel. II
If any real incident happens on a
walk. such as a cog fight or an auto
accident, the stirring qualities OF the
thing drive all other thoughts cut oil
the walkers head.
Too, II he selects road which is TOO
we'll Travelled, he will find that the
necessity for dodging will take all other
thoughts from his mind.
To dodge and how-that is the mod
ern mestion. Hamlet would have found
II more necessary than his famous
soIilouuy Or maybe 1t is just saying IL
another way.
, Do not 90 for walk along a too
travelled road, therefore, where the
signs plainly state in large letters tnat
NO car must exceed a speed OF % miles,
but where, In fact. every car runs oe-
tween 40 and so miles at the least;
This is one of our modern puzzles
why road signs say one thing and
speeding cars say another. NO DOUBT
this will be worked out some day.
Until it Is, 1t is safest to select coun-
trv roads which have nice sidewalks,
or, at the worst, good jumping places,
ThnSp VINO 90 Lluttl IOaNhoANS ''e,o o
will he familiar with these at glance.
There should always be enough space
off the shoulder" OF the roadway to
hermit an expert jumper to make
good getaway. . .,,,u
ore w-rd of warming Some people
have foolish idea that it would be a
good plan in case of an emergency 10
lean bodily into the air and attempt to
cone down squarely on the hood OF the
car. .4 ..,o
nlan is not feasible, 50 we nope thoSe
who harbor 1t will take his warning and
not attempt 1t. a.. ..
The best thing to do, the expert
said. is to jump as quickly and as lar
as possible. Common sense tells one
that he il right. Sometimes common
sense is just as good as engineering
ability.
II the walk happily contains no such
incidents. the pedestrian will be In
much better position to appreciate what
he sees and hears.
The color of the Winter landscape,
exceptionally green, will come nome TO
him better than if he had to jump
| for It,
If he has a companion land that is
the best way to walk he Will hnd time
for the beneficial conversation which
is the Joy Of similar minds.
Fedestriansism on the lone is not the
best sort. Usually when one walks by
himself he is merely going somewhere
The walk Is efficient
Now the proper sort of walking, both
for exercise and for sheer enjoyment,
must not be efficient. 1t merely should
be enjoyable.
1t is safe to say that out of every
10 persons are fitted for no other type
| of walking. They need companions.
Occasionally one meets some one who
Is able to go rambling away into the
woods by himself, to wander around, Or
read or perhaps sketch.
Most people cannot do that any more
than they can enjoy the opera with no
one to speak to occasionally or to eX-
change significant looks with.
so be sure to select your companion
well, when you go for a walk on one
OF these unusual Winter afternoons. 1t
is not every year that this season so
resembles Spring.
Evening star., 1932-01-25

A walk without incident is the best
sort.
Nothing should happen on 1t to OBJ
scure the beginning or the ending.
This is necessary In order to Keep
intact the spirit of appreciation which
must accompany one all the way.
Happenings OF any sort are not so
much to be desired as sights and SOUNDS
and colors.
The appearances OF things count more
on a walk than they do most places.
Let the beginning and the ending be
tho incidents, and reserve the walk 1t
self for what one sees and what one
thinks.
The year 1892 50 far has been q
splendid one for taking walks
There is much new color to see, and
the best way to see 1t IL afoot
Take the downtown Government
constructions. Several profitable hours
NAV be spent by any one, resident OF
visitor In visiting the various sites, and
watching this interesting work
History may rank the building project
as the greatest accomplishment of tn
administration. Some day the economic
pother in which the United States and
the world is involved at present Will
be forgot. a.,
When that day comes the splendid
buildings. now up and to be up by that
time, will stand amid beautiful set
ting as an example to the world.
Y
One may hope that none Of the viSi-
tors t. the city during tn" ensuing
months will forget the vici0n Of the
future, in the mud holes and Wide open
spaces of the present.
Nor will they, one may feel con-
vinccd. for there Is plenty of sound and
color to be heard and seen, as one
wanderS on the borders Of the gigantic
constructions. There are steam ShOVels
at play lin reality they ere not steam
shovels" at ALL but gasoline shovels) :;
there are great motor trucks, coming
and going; there are ramps and various
kinds of engines, there are men ana
materials. there are miles OF wooden
fence painted white, resembling old
time Playground fencing, there are
glimpses of palace-like structures, al
ready completed.
II one stand few feet east on the
sidewalk at the northeast corner OF
Twelfth street and Pennsylvania
avenue, one may see more OF the
WASHINGTON Monument than has been
visible from that point for many, many
years.
x +
There is more pleasure in walking
around Washington proper, as the taxi
drivers call 1t, than for long time.
Strange sights, strange sounds, new
colors-these fill the expectant eye.
Perhaps the best walking, however, is
done in the suburban and country dis
tricts. Whatever lure the city has it is
artificial.
There still remains something SUI
preme about nature, In so far as filling
the ear with sound and the eye with
color and wonders.
Nor is this strange
The eye and the ear are the veritable
children Of nature.
Such things as appeal to them by
natural right, as 1t were, are their very
own.
So much must be granted, We sup
pcse, to the superiority OF sunset to
a painting OF sunset.
While the artistic nature of man
enjoys the fine portrayal OF natural
Evening star., 1932-01-25

ly OF its performance qualities. One
OF the chief dificultles Of applying
the Diesel principle to an aviation
motor vas In devising a way to throttle
it down to a satisfactory idling speed
to permit slow landings This prob
lem, however, has been solved in the
new motor.
IT. chief Characteristic is econcmy.
AS in Dlescl-powered boats, in compar-
iSon with gasoline engines, 1t reduces
the cost of operation by fully two
third. Ordinary ineXpen'ive fuel oil
Is burned, wtich makes it by far the
cheapest motor to run. For many
years 1t was considered doubtful
whether a Diesel could ever be con-
structed light enough for use in a
plane. but the present motor weighs
almost pound for pound tie same as
gasoline motor OF comparable horse
power
Although ms king its debut only two
years ago, the Diesel motor already
holds one OF the five major records Of
aviation, that of non-refue,ing endur-
sncc. In Florida, it was taken al3ft
by two flyers, who rode through the
skies for eighty-four hours and trirty-
two minutes before descending, which
bettered by nearly twenty hours the
previous record. with an aviator OF
Chamberlin's ability handling 1t there
is reason to believe that new and as
tonisSins marks are just around the
corner for this revolutionary type Of
motor.
Evening star., 1932-01-25
Five Reasons Given
Against u. S. Pay Cut
To the Editor OF The Star

To the Edltor oil Inc StRr.
Permit me to state In your columns
the following reasons, among others.
why Government salaries should not
be cut:
/. Present salaries are but a recogni-
ton and in redress for the wrong done
the Government employees whcn they
were denied increases during the period
of imitation when salaries in industry
were so tremendously increased. The in
creaseS given were not all in proper r
ton to those given by industry.
2. The saving to the Government by
the proposed cut would be but baga-
telle SO far as the Governments deficit
is concerned. and would be far more
than offset by the generalization that
would ensue in the service. The ethcl-
ency of the clerks would inevitably be
lowered for no worker can be etficienI
whose mind Is upset and haraSSeo
by financial stress and uncertainty,
3. Most clerks have already had what
is tantamount to salary cut by being
denied, by order of the President the
promotions and salary increases eX-
pressly provided for by law and tne
three days pay they were practically
required to subscribe to the Commun-
ity Chest.
4. Upon the assumption that tfeir
salaries would at least remain 5taole
for a period of time many clerks nave
incurred obligations that must be met
or defaulted at great personal loss
Their budgets have been arranged on
the basis Of present salaries, anu upon
the faith and credit thereof many VI
them have undertaken the purchase
Of homes, the better education OF then
children, and have in many instances
been compelled by the general deples-
sion to assume obligations toward Ilie
assistance Of INDECENT and unfortunate
relatives. These they will be com
PEELED to curtail il their salaries arc
reduced resulting in the suffering anu
privation of others as well as the Nof
ernment employees. ..
S. Congress should bear in nina that
the Government is protiting at sillaii
cost by the services of many very 81 gu
perior men, who through force OF cil
cumstances have been compelleo W
enter its service. Instances couIo NC
cited of professional men, who IN tiiius me-
past have made very large incomes ou'
who through untoward circumstances
have had to accept Government eli
ployment for the time being at lsast.
There are many $4,000 men Wofklls
for the Government at salaries rang
ing from $4,000 to $4,000. Inc nii
mediate and longtime effect OF salaLS a.,
cuts would be to the detriment Oh lLiS
Governments business, and u woutu
have far-reaching repercusSlons III aii
many directions that would greatly &c
tard the economic recovery that we az aie
all SO much concerned about at Villas
time.
ALEXANDER SIDNEY ILasnua
Evening star., 1932-01-25
denomination of President
Accepted as as Logical Step

Hoover is the logical candidate of
the Republican party" says the Ann
Arbor Daily News independently. The
two-term tradition, il nothing else,
makes him so. 1t is the party's duty
to support him through thick and thin.
AS for his chances to be reelected, the
developments of the near future will
tell the story. Let conditions grow
worse or remain as they are, and he
will have tough time. Give him one
good break and his prospects will be
immensely improved. Incidentally, the
early announcement of his candidacy
may be accepted as good news in con-
sidering the prospect of better times.
1t is a kind of wager on the next six
months They will be important
months for Hoover-and for practically
everybody"
"Tha man behind the only construc-
tive plan for relief anybody has as yet
offered deserves the support of the
party whose leading exponent ne is"
comments the Harrisburg Telegraph
tRepublican). while the Chicago Daily
News independently, in the course of
discussion OF the prospects. declares
The President has stuck to his Job
through all seasons of his toilsome years
IN the White House. He has taken no
Summer rest, as former Presidents have
done, save for his scant Rapidan week
ends, yet he has grown physically
stronger and more wholesomely philo-
sophical at his grueling task. He is
making his fair share of mistakes along
with successes, for which history, if not
his contemporaries, will give him credit
He is upholding the power and the
dignity of the United States in its some
what hectic foreign relations. If he is
deplorably lacking in a sense of the
dramatic and suffers in consequence by
failing to advertise himself successfully,
he has at least the dubious satisfaction
OF knowing that in the past he has been
egregiously overadvertied through the
strange workings of an ironical fate.
He asks for another term of office. It
Is common saying that every Presi-
dent is entitled to a second term. No
President however, is entitled to re-
election unless he deserves it on his
offlcial record If the Nation now has a
better man than Mr. Hoover for the lob,
the American public will welcome his
candidacy. There is however, at this
time painful scarcity of available
great men"
Evening star., 1932-01-25
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
BY FREDERIC J. HASKiN.

@. What is a Garrison fnish"7--
A. b.
A. 1t Is hairbreadth finish, whereby
the winner comes from behind to win
at the last moment. 1t is SO called be-
cause Garrison, well known American
jockey. usually won his races in this
fashion.
@. What becomes of the ashes taken
up by city ashmen?--A. w.
A. They are usually used to fill In
low ground and to make temporary
roadbeds.
@. When was the slave trade at its
height between Africa and America
B. G.
A. The period during which the
greatest number of slaves were intro
Guced into this country from Africa was
lS04-G8, the last four years before pro-
hibition of the slave trade by Congress.
@ What was the sale as to number
of cigarettes sold in 1880, and what as
the Government and import tax?-H. F.
A In 1880 there was a total of 49,
638,84l $50 cigarettes sold in the United
States. There are, usually about 20
cigarettes to a package. On each pack
age there Is about a Scent tax. Last
year there were 6,000,000,000 stamps
used from the department for tax on
cigarette packages. One stamp is used
on each package.
O. Where should the title esquire"
be uSed?-S. NJ
Sarah Taintor says The title
esquire is used with the following Gov
ernment officials Chief clerks and
chiefs Of bureaus of the executive de-
partments, the District Commissioners,
mayors, American diplomats below the
rank of minister, American consuls,
clients of the Supreme Court.
@. Wren playing progressive auction.
if the bid is three diamonds and the
bid is doubled and made. is the bidder
entitled to 125 points for game?-F.
A. M.
A. The bidder is entitled to the game
bonus Of 1875. 1t is for this reason in
advisable for an opponent to double
when the contract would not give the
bidder game unless he is very sure
that his side can defeat the contract.
Q. Are there any skyscrapers in
Switzerland?-D. P.
A. The first is nearing completion in
Lausanne. 1t will be 90 stories high.
The ground floor will be occupied by
d oRCbutC
floors being given over to business Offices
and apartments.
@ In the French and Indian War
did all the Indians fight on the side Of
the French?-K. L.
A Had all the tribes thrown their
weigct to either sice, the other side
would doubtless have been defeated.
But it happened that they we're divided.
The majority of the Indians, however,
were with the French. Nearly all the
Algonquin tribes were French in their
sympathies. But the very notable ex-
ception is found in the fierce, warlike
Six Nations, or Iroquois of Northern
New York, who cast their lot with the
English.
@. How much does crime cost this
country in year?-J. H. S.
A. According to the Wickersham re-
port, recently made to President Hoover
the cost of crime to the Nation exceeds
81 coo, 100000 a ysar.
@. Why was the name of the Scarlet
Topper tomato changed?-R. D.
A. This wilt-resistant tomato was
developed by Fred J. Pritchard, inter
nationally known tomato breeder of the
Department of Agriculture. who died In
January, 1891 AS q memorial to him,
the name of this variety has been
changed to Pritchard.
Evening star., 1932-01-25

The answers to questions printed
here each day are specimens picked
from the mass CT inquiries handled by
our greet Infoymstion~ Bureau main
tained In Washington, D. c. This
valuable service Is for the free use Of
the public. Ask any question of fact
you may want to know and you will get
an immediate reply. Write plainly, in
close cents In ccin or stamps for re-
turn postage and address The Evening
Star Information Bureau, Frederic j..
Haskin, Director, Washington, D. c.
O. How many automobile fatalities
were there in l93I?-W. D. M.
A. They are estimated at $4,000
O. What does the title of the play,
Mourning Becomes Electra" mean?-
H. T. ,,
means Just what it says, that 1t Is nj
ting that Electra should mourn.
@. Where was President Hoover dur
ing the campaign of 1916? Did ne
support Wilson or Hughes?-B. F. P.
A. In 1915 President Hoover was en-
gagged in European relief work and did
rot vote in the Presidential election CT
that year. His first vote was cast for
President Harding in 1920.
@. How many radios are there in use
in this country?-F. L. l.
l., A A nose count" OF radio receivers,
made by the Census Bureau in April,
1880, as part Of the decennial popula-
ton census, revealed that l2,078,345
hon es had radio sets when the popula-
ton census was taken. Since that date,
nearly two years ago. the industry esti-
mates that some 3,700,000 more receiv-
ers have been sold.
Q. How many of the men in the
Navy e-enliSt?-M. w.
A The percentage of re-enlistments
of all enlisted men in the Navy for the
fiscal year ended June 30, 1881, was
1875.
@. Are there any true wild horses
left in the world?-N. E.
A. The only true wild horse at the
present time is the Mongolian wild
horse. which exists in large numbers
on the plains Of Central Asia. This is
the ancestor of the domestic horse.
@. In what State is the Humdinger
mine, and what kind of a nine is it?-
M. P.
A. The Humdinger mine is in oregon.
1t is small gold mine.
@. In Ciceros Gay were they many
privately libraries in Romeo
D. w.
A. w. w Fowler says that every
educated man owned a library and
wished to have the last book"
@. What is hydrotropism?-P. S.
A. Positive hydrotrCpism is the prop
erty in growing organisms CT turning
toward moist surface; negative hydro
tropism, away from moist surface.
@. How large a box would 1t take to
hold 900 900 silver dollars?-E. D.
A. The Department of the Treasury
says that $50 cubic feet are required to
store 100000 silver dollars.
@. Can any one who has the re-
sources build railroad in the United
States?-M w.
A. Not If it is to operate in inter
state commerce. The promoters of a
railroad must obtain from the Inter
state Commerce Comm ission certif1-
cate of convenience and public neceS-
sity before they may sell stock or begin
construction. The commission holds
hearings to determine If a demand for
railroad exists through the territory
In which 1t is planned to build, and
whether the prospects are favorable for
profitable freight loadings.
Evening star., 1932-01-25
The Diesel Airplane Motor.

In the capable hands Of Clarence
Chamberlin, who few the first pas
senger" across the Atlantic, soon after
Col Lindbergh made his epochal trip
to Paris, the new oil-burning Diesel
airplane motor, sciences latest eontri-
button TO aviation is setting up en-
visble records. Yesterday over New
York in freezing temperature he put
his standard plane to an altitude Of
more than twenty thousand feet and
a few days before, in an economy test,
he covered the distance between New
York and Washington at a total out
lay of seventy cents for fuel-ordinary
furnace oil.
While still more or less In the ex-
perimental stage, the Diesel airplane
motor has proved great success. The
present motor is OF two hundred and
twenty-five horsepower, and ayiatogs
bSaaha have ridden behind 1t speak high