davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1932-07-21
Wilkins Warns U.S..
Must Do Something

WASHINGTON. - A dramatic
warning to a committee represent
ing the U. S. Senate that the Negro
in many regions of the country was
being starved to death was made
by Roy Wilkins, assistant secretary
of the N. A. A. C. P, here last week.
Mr.. Wilkins was a member of a
group representing Is organizations,
including farm and labor groups,
making a plea for direct relief leg
islation before a special committee
composed of Senators La Toilette,
Costigan and Wagner. He also visit
ed the bonus veterans encampment
on Anacostia Flats to investigate
treatment of Negroes.
In his plea for direct relief Mr..
Wilkins said:
As bad as are conditions among
whites, those among Negroes are
worse. In the rural areas the Negro
farmers have been the victims for
years of vicious bookkeeping sys-
tenn and in the industrial eenters
they have been the last hired and
the first fired.
'ln all cases their wages have
been so small that they have had no
chance to provide for a period of
depression. They are suffering and
starving.
For years the Negro has been
pictured as a happy-go-lucky, dane
ing, singing individual, who takes
his troubles lightly. He has been
patient in the face of adversely. But
today he is losing his patience. There
are no banjos stunning and no
buck-and-wing dances being staged.
He is too busy trying to find shelter
and food for himself and his family.
He has exhausted every other re-
source and he now looks to his gov
eminent. 1t is up to Congress to do
something for him."
Mr.. wilkins cited statistics from
20 cities showing the disproportion-
ate unemployment and suffering Wis
tied upon Negroes.
Concerning the Negroes in the
veterans encampment, he said:
Communists have made much
propaganda among colored people
that they break down the color line.
Here is a non-Communist group, in
Guiding thousands of white south
erners, where Jim Grow is virtually
nonexistent."
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1932-07-21
Judge Brinker Tempers
Justice With Mercy

Justice tempered with mercy must
be the essence of the decisions of
Judge Otis w. Brinker or he would
not be SO generally popular with the
electorate of King County. Twice
has he been elected to the superior
court bench and each time by in
creased majorities over his oppon-
ent. Truly can it be said that he is
a judge with a heart, and equally
truly can it be said that he is a
judge whose decisions stand the test
of the higher courts and meets the
approval of those who appear him
in matters of litigation. When judges
are subject to the will of the people
for election and reelection and yet
disposes of the cases, which come
before them, in such a manner that
both litigants are so well satisfied
that they Join hands and re-elect the
said Judge, it is prima facie evidence
that the mandates of the law have
been fairly carried out. Such seems
to be the situation with Judge Brink
er, who is a candidate to succeed
himself in the coming primary and
general elections. So we'll acquaint-
ed with the general public is Judge
Brinker that the announcement of his
intention to seek reelection means
the rallying to his aid and assistance
of hundreds of friends.
1t is said that he gets more invita-
tons to address community clubs
and civic organizations than any
other judge on the King County Su
perior Court Bench. Judge Brinker'!
court record is his chief reeommen
dation for reelection.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1932-07-21
Slipping Backwards

Chicago again breaks into the
news columns. Once again one of
Anthony Overton's concerns makes
the front page. 1t was first the
Victory Life Insurance Company
when two dismissed employees went
to court to get an injunction to keep
Mr.. Oyerton from discharging them,
the events that followed which in
Guiding the BUSTING of the two en-
ployes who were directors of the
company, the stormy board meetings
and the publicity given the whole
affair. Then came the closing of
the Douglass National Bank. Now
comes the news that the Victory
Life Insurance company is in the
hands of a receiver.
The failure of big Negro business
to succeed may be laid upon the gen
eral business conditions of the
country. Certainly, no one expects
more of Americas black business en-
terprises than of the white ones.
However, the future looks rather
dark for the boy or girl when the
only places of first class employ
'nent open to them are fast shutting
their doors, either because of bad
management or economic conditions.
Go over the list in the last two
years, National Benefit Co., Binga
State Bank, Douglass National Bank,
and on down the line. 1t will take
the Negro 30 years to regain the
lost business prestige.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1932-07-21
Communist Opposes
De Priest In Race

CHICAGO.-Herbert Newton, a
member of the Central Committee
of the Communist party and candi-
date for Congress, LIST Illinois Con
gressional District, declares he is an
enemy of Jim-Crowism and stands
for unemployment insurance.
In connection with his race for
Congress, he said:
81 am making the race for Con-
gress on a working class program =
a program that calls for insurance
for the unemployed workers, and
complete equality for Negroes. l,
myself, have been a worker all my
life, having begun work in Boston
at the age of ten"
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1932-07-21
Injunction Hats
Mixed Weddina

COUNCIL BLUFFS, Iowa.-In an
effort to stop their white daughter
from marrying C. o. Parks, Grover
and Carrie Debar obtained temper
airy Injunction restraining the clerk
of court from issuing marriage
license to the couple.
The parents claimed in their in
junction that the girl, who is 81,
had been i'll with infantile paralysis,
and the disease had rendered her in
condition that she did not know
what she was doing.
There is no law in Iowa to pre-
vent mixed marriages, but the couple
cannot get license to wed as long
as the Injunction holds.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1932-07-21
Fred c. Brown Files
For Superior Court Judge

Fifty-five years to the minute,
from the time that he was born Fred
c. Brown, former Prosecuting At
torney of King County and who has
practiced law in Seattle for twenty
seven years, filed for Department No.
IL of the superior bench at 1000
o'clock July 15.
Browns legal career reads like a
Horatio Alger novel.
While attending the old Denny
School, from which he was gradual
ed, he worked as a newsboy, messen.
ger and bootblack and then learned
the barber trade. The late John B.
Hart, prominent Seattle attorney
urged him to study law. In 1918
he was elected Prosecuting Attorney
and served one term, retiring for
the private practice of law.
Brown is perhaps best known as
the father of the 'lazy husband
law which he framed while he was
Justice of the Peace.
Brown was the first public officia
to advocate an adult probation law
and voting machine law in thi.
state.
He resides at North 1O7th Street
and Dayton Avenue. His family con
sists of wife and two daughters.
mo judge understands the admin
istration of justice without practic
able knowledge of life and law"
His references: Your neighbors
your attorney.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1932-07-21


where he worked preparing himself
for the requirements of his adopted
citizenship.
He steadily pressed onward and
upward, as breaker boy, hod-carrier,
miner, newspaper reporter, soldier
Spanish American War veter-
am, peace officer, linguist (passed
U. S. civil service examination in six
languages) chief L. S. immigration
inspector of Alaska, and attorney-at
law, are some of the vocations in
which he engaged from time to time.
After taking law course with a de-
gree of bachelor of laws from Lin
coin Jefferson University, he was ad-
mitted to the bar in 1911. On leav-
ing Alaska he settled in Seattle and
took up the active practice of law,
in which he has been eminently sue
cessful, he having handled number
of important cases, in which fortunes
were involved.
As superior court judge, he has
been a wonderful success. He will
be a candidate to succeed himself
in Department No. IL in the coming
September primaries and general
election.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1932-07-21
Another Big Failure

Business received another blow in
New York The P. and II. TaXicab
company, the largest individual Ne
gro business concern in Greater New
York, suspended operation on Tues
day, July 5, throwing 600 chauffeurs
and mechanics out of work, along
with 20 others who were employed in
supervisory capacities.
1t is reported that the company
will resume business in September.
In the meantime the 900 suddenly
thrown out of work suffer, as do the
small business man who caters to the
trade of these people who now join
the vast army of unemployed.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1932-07-21

J. Frank Fogarty, who at the in
sistence of his friends has consented
to run for state representative this
Fall for the place to be vacated by
Ralph Knapp who will be in the Sen
ate race. Mr.. Fogarty's platform
is composed principally in the simple
statement that ''it is time that the
people had representation because
big business is well able to take care
of ITSELF"
Fogarty has been resident of
Seattle 81 years and of the 33rd
District for IL years.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1932-07-21
Sing Way Out OF Jail

RICHMOND, Va.-Four musicians
unable to pay their fines of S2.45,
were allowed to entertain the court
by singing instead of paying the
fines. They sang, "l'll Be Glad when
You're Dead, You Rascal You" and
as they walked from the court room
they chanted. 9Please Don't Talk
About Me when I'm Gone"
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1932-07-21
r, McCants Andrews
Dies At Durham

DURHAM. N. C.-R. MeCants
Andrews, well-known lawyer and
champion of racial rights died here
Tuesday afternoon at Lincoln Hos
pital after a sudden and severe at
tack of gastritis. He was Al. He
was a graduate of Howard Universi-
ty and of Harvard law school and
was one of the most active members
of the law profession in this state,
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1932-07-21

There is a big difference between
segregation and separation, a dis
tinction too often lost sight of in in
treracial and interracial disputes. It
is unfair to charge the National Med
zeal Association with favoring seq
regation when it takes a stand for a
separate hospital in the South under
Negro management as against Jim
Grow" accommodations and segre-
gated wards under white manage
ment.
In the North, Negroes should be
unyielding in their hostility and re
sistance to any proposal having foi
its purpose the separation Of the
races in our public schools, hospitals
and all other institutions under Fed
eral, State and municipal control, an
opinion The Enterprise makes in or
der that its policy may not be mis-
understood.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1932-07-21

he resides, IS the
brief history of Ka-
zis Kay, one of the
superior c 0 ur t
judges of King
County. From the
United States inn
migration deten-
ton house in New
York City young
Kazis migrated to
the coal fields of
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1932-07-21
Answer To Last Weeks Problem
Did You Get Them?


lit stated whether the be added
and the multiplied by getting whether the four Is
product get
the impossible tell which
meth od is
in Quarter" quarter Thus
a quarter be pounds
could bought with 3 pound There Is also
in the
to pun intended)
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1932-07-21


Because persons of advanced
age" said the bureau. sometimes
knowingly report themselves to the
enumerator as older than they aetu-
ally are, or, not knowing their true
ages, make exaggerated guesses, the
returns undoubtedly oyerstate the
number of centenarians.
At that the number was less than
in 1920, when the figure was given
as 1857 or a drop of III per cent.
The number Of males giving their
age as 100 or over in 1880 was
1903, with 2.561 females. OF the
total, 1850 were white. 2.467 were
Negroes and 317 were Of other races.
OF the whites, sos were males and
ST females; of the Negroes, 776
We're males and 1851 females; Of
these Of other races, 124 We're males
and 1873 females.
The number of persons in the
total population of the United States
returned for each year of age from
1 to 80 was greater in 1880 than in
1920. except for those in the earliest
and latest years,
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1932-07-21
An Important Victory

The action of the Maryland Court
of Appeals in granting a new trial
to Fuel Lee, alias Orphan Jones, a
convicted murderer, on the grounds
that Negroes had been excluded from
the jury at the trial of the defend
ant, is an important and far reach
ing legal victory for the race. The
fact that such liberal sentiments were
expressed by so high a tribunal,
which has the power to reverse or
uphold the findings of the lower
courts of the state, lends added sig
nificance to the ruling.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1932-07-21
Politics and Politicians
Judge Kay Has Fine
Record AS Jurist

Rising step by step from the ordi-
nary walks of life to an important
standing in the community, in which
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1932-07-21

CLASSIFIED ADVERTISEMENTS
BRING RESULTS-PLACE YOURS
IN THE ENTERPRISE
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1932-07-21
The Hospital Dispute

The National Association for the
Advancement of Colored People ap-
pears to be confusing the issue in its
controversy with the National Medi-
cal Association over the question of
additional disqualification for Negro
war veterans. DIR. Peter Marshall
Murray and his associates have been
just as articulate and pronounced in
their opposition to the various plans
for opening separate hospital for
ex-service men in the North as Wal
ter White. 1t is the contention Of
there physicians, however, that sep
arate hospital in the South, manned
by Negroes, operated for disabled
men living in that section, is prefer
able to sending them to hospitals un-
der exclusive Write supervision and
where there are "Jim Crow beds.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1932-07-21

Not only in Maryland but in every
state in the Union has it been an
established practice to confine selec-
tons to white men for jury duty even
when a Negro is a defendant, al
though, as the Maryland Court Of
Appeals points out, there is no CON
stitutional provision for this unfair
and unlawful exclusion Of Negroes
from the jury box. 1t win be a
new and brighter day in the history
Of jurisprudence for the Negro when
juries are made up of both white
and colored citizens. There will be
less miscarriages of justice and the
Negro will feel more certain Of obs
tanning fairplay in our courts.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1932-07-21

In handing down its unanimous
decision, the court said;
"The evidence, with the long
unbroken absence Of Negroes
from the juries selected, seems
to show an established practice,
combining selections to white
men as effectuany as if such
restriction were prescribed by
statute"
In twenty-six years the court
found that there had been no Ne
groes in the panel of Baltimore
County Court iuries, which it main.
tanned amounts to exclusion in 9
constitutional sense"
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1932-07-21
The National Medical Assoeiatiop's

The National Medical Associations
advocacy of a separate hospital in
the South with an all-Negro person
mel, is based on the same compelling
reasons advanced by the National
Association for the Advancement Of
Colored People during the W or d
War in support of the establishment
of a separate officers training camp
at Des Moines. Had no such ar
rangement been made there would
have been no Negro officers. Serious
concern should be evineed for the
future Of the young Negro doctor.
Carrying out further this line of rea-
soning, if there were no separate
churches there would be no Negro
bishops; if there were no race news
papers and magazines there would be
very few, if any, race editors, and if
there were no separate schools in the
South there would be comparatively
few Negro presidents, principals and
teachers.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1932-07-21
Census Lists 2,S7
Negroes In U. 5.
Are 100 Years Old

WAsHINGToN-The United States
is credited by the Federal census
with having had 1884 centenarians
on April 1, 1880, of whom more
than half were colored Americans.
Figures on age issued by the Census
Bureau this week showed that this
many persons claimed 100 years or
over when the fifteenth census was
taken, but the number is believed
by officials to have been exaggerat-
ad
Evening star., 1932-12-25

S405 100000 worth were sold. This
procedure did not check the trend and
rediscount rates were increased. There
were three successive increases, first to
4 per cent, then to Az per cent and
finally to per cent on July l3, 1928.
The speculative mania had progressed
SO far that these advances failed TO
have a deterrent influence.
As members of the Federal Reserve
Board look back at the situation they
think it might have been effective II
the rate had been increased to 6 per
cent in the Summer of 1928. The
board hesitated to do this, however, as
it was realized that such rate would
have injurious effects upon agriculture
and industry.
BY February. 1929, speculation had
increased to such point that the Fed
cral Reserve Board commenced the ap-
plication of what has been called it
direct pressure" policy. There de-
veIoped a difference of opinion between
the board and the New York Federal
to pursue to control speculative credit
The majority of the board felt that it
was inadvisable to increase the redis-
ldlC pCl NCit 1oA AOoA OA
penalizing legitimate industry and ag-
riculture and thought that pressure
should be brought to bear upon the
banks to cut down unnecessary bor-
rowings and reduce speculative loans
and investments. The directors of the
New York Federal Reserve Bank, in
cluding such outstanding persons as
Charles E. Mitchell Of the National City
Bank and Owen D. Young. opposed the
direct pressure program and thought
that a curb should be applied through
successive increases in rediscount rates.
The board, on February 2, 1929, sent
letter to the Federal Reserve banks
urging. them to apply pressure on the
member banks. On February Z the
board issued a public warning to the
banks against excessive loans for specu-
lation. The policy was approved short
ly thereafter by the Federal Advisory
Council. which opposed any increases
in rediscount rates.
The New York Federal Reserve Bank
Evening star., 1932-12-25

(CoHanued on Third Page.)
Evening star., 1932-12-25
OFF Silver Standard
Concern to Ministers

LONDON-While many financiers
and economists here are engrossed with
problems connected with the nations
departure from the gold standard, the
chief source Of anxiety for parsons is
the tendency Of church congregations
these days to go off the silver standard
as well. The collection plate that re-
turns light in weight is more promising
than one appearing to be bountifully
laden, for the heavy collections are
mostly of copper pennies and half pen
nies. According to the rector of a church
in a wealthy suburb Of London, the
collection taken up on a recent COM
munion Sunday worked out at less than
cents a head Of the congregation.
There has even been a famine in
"thrupenny bits" the smallest silver
coin, in the collections, although this
coin, described by the Cockney as the
"frupenny church JOY" used to be the
main silver standby Of the collection
plate.
Copyright 1887 4
Evening star., 1932-12-25
OFFERO!
BY BRUCE BARTON

II MERE is famous Christmas legend about gentleman
named Ofero
Living in the land of Canaan, stronger than
any other man OF his time, whence his name, which
"the Bearer"
bilious he determined to seek out the greatest king in the
world and enlist his service, and this he did.
One day at the court the of Satan happened to be
mentioned and Oero was amazed to see the mighty mon
arch trembe
Who is satan?" he demanded
"A wicked ruler" the monarch answered. wicked but
powerful"
More powerful than you?'
This was enough for Ofero who wanted nothing to do
with secondraters He forthwith sought Satan and en-
listed with him.
But when he and Satan we're day riding together
stood a white cross. And Satan trembled.
Offero disappointed again, set forth to find Jesus the
monarch whose symbol was the
old hermit told him to take his abode be-
side angry river and offer to carry all travellers
Some time if mistake not" said the hermit He whom
thou seekest will to thee"
You, remember, perhaps how, stormy night little
discovered then that Christ So his
changed to Christopher, meaning the Christ bearer.
It occurs to me that in this ancient legend there is
troubled Thousand different plans
offered for bringing us into the light.
Suppose every one Of US who has job should decide this
child in need Suppose that child in the United States
between and New Year. is fitted out with Clothes
and his family provided with food and warmth Who knows
but what the expenditure represented by that good work
might be Tst the thing that NEEDED to fan fan into flame the
duStry and trade
I suggest this my Program for Prosperity. Let
have several million Oeros carrying his child through
this dark Christmas time.
see1 It bsn is % M In % S Sn a that the the
storm ceased and the waters calmed."
Evening star., 1932-12-25
LIQUIDATION OF WAR SEEN
TASK OF NEW PRESIDENT
Confidant of Woodrow Wilson Believes
Rooseveli's Spirit Warrants High
Expectations.

The part played during the Wilson
administration By the Triter of the fol-
louing article, as confdant and ad
riser OF the President. is ucll knoWn
Col. House is also in the inner circle OF
those influential in the incoming Roose-
relt administration, lUhich giUes this
article especial significance.
Evening star., 1932-12-25

some quarters that a stimulus to eX-
ports Of gold which would help to bring
about a redistribution of the metal
might be beneficial to the world situa-
ton. Shipment of gold to European
countries, it was believed. would help
their purchasing power and consequent
ly benefit American export trade.
A group of officials of central banks
of leading European countries came to
the United States in that Summer,
Following conferences with officers Of
the New York Federal Reserve Bank
and members Of the Federal Reserve
Board. new policy was decided upon
by the board. 1t was determined to
reduce the rediscount rates of all Fed
eral Reserve banks to 3la per cent and
further to ease the domestic credit sit
uation by making extensive purchases
of Government securities and accep-
tances in the open market.
Such a policy was designed both to
stimulate business in this country and
to help Europe. Adoption of the policy
was not accomplished without consid-
cradle controversy. as the directors of
not approve the establishment Of rates
as low as 3l2 per cent. The board took
the unprecedented step of forcing a
IeQuCllOll Ol lIle IdJe OF tIle SIllCdSO
Federal Reserve Bank down to 3l2 per
cent after its directors had protested
that 1t would divert funds to New York
and would encourage speculation. The
new credit provided by the device OF
purchasing securities totaled $780,
100000 during the Summer and Fall
of 1927.
Couldn't Check Speculation.
Gold flowed out in great volume, al
most 100000. 900 being exported be-
tween the Summer of 1927 and the
Summer of 1928. The easy credit sit
uation in this country stimulated
speculation. BY the end of 1927 it was
evident to officials of the Federal Re-
serve System that trend had been
started which promised dangers ahead
Before the close of the year the policy
as to open market operations was re-
versed, credit being contracted by the
sale OF securities. Within six months