davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1932-01-31

I am not inclined toward making
predictions. Long ago I learned that
predictions sometimes have the habit
Of causing embarrassment by not COM
ing true. Yet cannot help from draw
ing a certain conclusion from America S
historical relation Of its national diff
culties.
Thirteen Major Depressions.
In the past 100 years this country
has experienced 13 major depressions
and at least a half dozen other depres
sions of less importance Always Amer
lea has been able to recover, to re-
establish herself on firmer foundation,
both morally and economically.
In 1923 this country experienced its
peak year 1t goes without saying that
economic aff1uence and depression comes
in circles. The next year saw the start
Of the down grade, and 1880 and 1881
were periods in which every form of
commercial enterprise skidded toward
the bottom.
Does 1882 represent the upturn?
I don't believe any man can answer
that question faithfully and truthfully.
But we can draw certain conclusions.
The price of commodities offered
upon the open market has dropped to
levels at least approximating those be-
fore the war. Inflated speculation has,
in general ceased Labor Is available
and in plentiful supply. Manufacturers
are reducing their costly inventory and
overhead. Retailers are assisting in the
great problem of equalizing supply and
demand.
AS to the buying public, there always
Evening star., 1932-01-31

tion and thousands Of our poorest fel-
low citizens are turned out against the
approaching Winter without employ
ment.
Conditions Abroad.
"In France the political cauldron
seethes and bubbles with uncertainty.
Russia hangs like a cloud. dark and
silent, upon the horizon of Europe, while
all the energies, resources and influ-
ences of the British Empire are Sorely
tried and are yet to be more sorely
tried in coping with the vast and
deadly Indian situation and with dis
turbed relations in China.
"Of our own troubles, no man can
see the end. If we are only to lose
money and thus, by painful poverty, to
be taught wisdom, no man need seri-
ously to despair. Yet the very haste to
be rich, which is the occasion of this
to destroy the moral forces with which
we are to resist and subdue the ca
lamity."
The above editorial was printed rs
years ago in Harper's Weekly-on Oc-
tober 10, 1857, to be exact. 1t might
have easily been printed few weeks
back on the editorial page Of any Amer
lean newspaper.
Four long years of civil war followed
soon afccr this editorial. Then came
the reconstruction period. Times were
then even more difficult. Yet, basing
its endeavors on a unified future, this
country literally pulled itself from the
quagmire of postwar difficulties by its
own boot straps, to become the worlds
foremost Nation.
Evening star., 1932-01-31
BUSINESS UNFRAMED
BY DEPRESSION YEARS
Sound, Careful, Efficient Manage
ment Effected During
This Period

In one way the depression years Of
1880 and 1881 must be regarded as a
period of progress for American busi-
ness period Of progress toward
methods of sound, careful, efficient
management. So state w. A Blees,
sale vice president of the Oakland
Motor Co.
At the start of this two-year period,
American business might have been
compared to the successful and slightly
overweight man, who, suddenly realizes
that he has become physically soft"
He places himself in the hands Of
trainer. He spends perspiring hours
in the gymnasium but finally emerges
hard and fit :" feeling better and
ready to do a better job Of living and
working.
And similarly, during the flush pre-
depression years, American business
had become soft" 1t had worried
little over wastage and overhead that
we're being absorbed by volume and
more volume, with plenty to spare.
But when the depression came, such
matters assumed their proper I'M
portance and received increasing at
tention. Business went into training"
and began to brush up on the old
fundamentals.
In the automobile industry the
quickening effect Of keener competition
for the decreased volume of available
business gradually became apparent
Manufacturers built automobiles that
were more attractive in appearance,
that were faster and more convenient
to drive-in short they gave their
products added value. In fairness to
the automobile industry. however, it
must be admitted that the motor car
always has rated relatively high in
dollar value But the depression re-
vealed what actually could be ac-
complished under stress of necessity.
OF even greater significance is the
fact that value was increased with
little or no rise In production costs.
1t was achieved largely through higher
efficiency and careful guarding OF
costs.
Evening star., 1932-01-31

vacuum or centrifugally operated
automatic clutch.
Many cars employ the auto
matte clutch operated by intake
vacuum. This takes the form of
a button-control device Another
line also uses the vacuum type of
clutch, but has made it fully au-
tomato upon operation of dash
control.
The majority Of engineers in
the use of free wheeling have
preferred the over-running clutch
type.
AS far as rear axle construction
is concerned new changes are to
be noted Perhaps the highlight
at the show in connection with
this part of the chassis is the
adoption of the hypoid gear,
which has contributed notably to
the ability to lower this car to
considerable degree without re-
ducing the ground clearance.
Another noticeable rear axle con-
struction at the show is one in
which the axle passes between
TWO SectlOnS or the frame SIDE
rails. There have been some i'm
provementS in construction in the
lower price cars, also notably in
the use Of four -pinion differen-
tialS.
Probably one of the things at
the show which appeal to the Or
dinary motorist more than any,
thing else is the obvious study
given to the cars for easier riding.
Ride control is incorporated on
many cars and some manufac-
turers have even gone so far as
to adopt the expensive, but very
satisfactory, Enthusiastically con-
trolled shock absorbers. This de-
vice, which is incorporated on
some Of the outstanding cars at
the show, automatically adjusts
the ride to the passenger load, as
well as to the condition of the
road.
Evening star., 1932-01-31
HISTORY HAS HABIT
Of REPEATING
Therefore, Upward Trend
Will Come Again, Says
Auto Head.
BY DU BOIS YOUNG,

President and General Manager, Hupp
Motor Car Corp.
History has a curious way Of repeat
ing itself, of restating old problems
under new conditions and Of demand
ing always the same constant attention
to fundamental laws of conduct.
If present conditions are abnormal,
there have been other periods when the
economic structure of civilization has
been sorely tried. One has only to read
the following to appreciate historical
repetition:
TT is a gloomy moment in history.
Not for many years-not in the lifetime
of most men who read this paper-has
there been SO much grave and deep
apprehension. In our own country
there is universal commercial prostra-
Evening star., 1932-01-31

other point, and a most impor-
tant one, is that sales records are
being made; 1882 is being called
replacement year. This is to be
hoped for, as it is we'll known
theory that when the automotive
industry prospers American bust
ness in general will do so. The
big meaning of prosperity is en-
ployment.
Do your part. At least, take in
the show. 1t is we'll worthwhile.
Evening star., 1932-01-31

follows psychological readjustment
after period of depression. Those who
have made their old purchases do for
an added period of time must now re-
place them. That is particularly true
Of such utilities as motor cars, clothing
and furniture. I believe that the first
upturn in buying of these commodities
Evening star., 1932-01-31
Riding Comforts.

Other developments adding to
the riding comforts include the in
creased wheelbases noted through
out practically all lines, longer
springs, improved shackles, such
as the rubber silent block type,
and reduction of unSprung
weight. The improvement in rid
ing qualities, reduction in noise
and the greater f1exibility and
all-around superior performance,
coupled with the ease of driving
the 1882 car, as exemplif1ed by
the models on the floor, make this
the outstanding automobile show
of all time.
Evidences of the record crowds
and their enthusiasm at the New
York show and subsequent exhibi-
tlonS form convincing proof. An
Evening star., 1932-01-31

will come from the necessity of replace
ment. Once this public psychology has
turned to more even and optimistic
tenor, general buying will increase.
Evening star., 1932-01-31

Cars are selling at less than pre-war
prices
Evening star., 1932-01-31
FOUR LUXURIOUS LINES OF PACKARD CARS
AT FOUR DISTINCT RANGES OF PRICE
The Standard Eight

The famous Packard Standard Eight the most popular,
widely acclaimed Packard in history, is available
the past thirteen beautiful models 3O and 1877 inch
chassis Now with Synchro~mesh Transmission, quiet all
three speeds and Finger Control FreeWheeling both
optional cost, it becomes an more
standing value in the fine field than Automatic
chassis ubrcauon and Ride Control add its riding
Complete body insulation excludes noise and temperature
prevents the development of squeaks and rates dsn>
gshed car for those whose motoring standards are high
FACTORY PRICES $3.50 to $3.50
Evening star., 1932-01-31
The TWin Six

The supreely luxurious Packard Twin Six and
sensational achievement embodyng sixteen years of conn
uous experience with tweveylinder designs 1t is offered in
two wheebase lengths-142 and AT nches-wich wide
range of standard and individual bodies Chassis
include Packards New Synchroneh Transmission, quiet in
all three Speeds Finger Control FreeWheehng Ride Contro
the exclusive Angese Rear Axle and double drop frame
When you consider the performance possibilities of the
conservavey rated and economically developed $50 horse
power of the new Twin Six you will be surprised its price
FACTORY PRICES 5000 to $4395
Evening star., 1932-01-31
BUSINESS HOPES
PINNED ON SHOW
Finest Products of Industry
Given Hearty Ap-
proval.
Continued From First Page.)

800 miles, it cannot be understood
why a tax on motor fuel should
be imposed that would be more
than the State of Pennsylvania,
with a present highway total of
more than 10000 miles The pro-
posed weight tax IS also held to
be beyond reason.
THE Composite Car.
Going back to tic new cars
again, the composite car for 1882
is an entirely different vehicle
from that of its predecessor Of
1881. The combined engineering
brains of the industry have SIM
ply ripped the 1881 product apart,
refined it in every detail and put
it back together again in a much
more permanent, rigid, durable
and beautiful form than ever be-
fore.
For the past IS years automo-
bile designers have been making
chassis frames sitter, but any
thing that has been done before
has been mere child's play COM
pared with what has been accom-
pliShed this year. The chassis
frame is the real foundation of
the car. 1t is the structure upon
which the entire vehicle is built,
and this year we find that not
only are frame sections much
deeper, but there are more cross
members. One manufacturer has
even gone so far as to add a
tripod bridge-trusS arrangement,
known as the chassis torSional
Stabilizer, which ties frame, body
and radiator rigidly together.
This car, as we'll as many others,
is now using the diagonal truss
type of frame with heavy
X-member. On one frame the
banjo type design is used, in
which the rear axle extends
through the rear of the frame,
forming the head of the banjo,
which is cut out to provide space
for axle movement.
To further augment rigidity the
stiffness of the frame has been
carried out in the new bodies.
More steel and less wood than ever
before are being employed this
year in automobile bodies. Many
of the important companies in the
industry have added a consider
able investment to their body
plants this year. One company
has concentrated its body manu-
facture in it's Cleveland plant,
where millions of dollars have
been spent in new equipment.
Another company operates SIS
100000 plant in Detroit, and the
bigger body companies have all
incorporated marked Improvement
in their bodies and in their man
ufacturing methods.
The Kusko times., 1932-03-05
SEWARD MAYOR WARNS AGAINST INVASION OF
 ALASk X BY JAPANESE
Steward Gateway.)

NlsuallZlng the helpleSsneSs of Alaska if invaded by foreign coun- try, Don Carlos Brownell, mayor of Seward, gave the following interview to the Gateway, in which he sounds warning to the Government and ap- peals for immediate protective mea- SureS:
 There is one point on which all .Alaskans agree, i. e., that there is an appalling lack of knowledge in Con- gress, and throughout the States, of Alaska requirements and dangers, 7, Mayor Brawnell stated. "We try con- -stantly to arouse interest in our great Territory, but response is very, very slow, and so we hope and pray each year that something may occur to focus attention. on a need. That something has now materialized, with menacing force, in the form of possible trouble with Japan, growing .out of the present situation in China.
 It is a time for straight-from- the shoulder talk, and 1 propose to do so.
 "The United States did more to start Japan on the upward road to civilization than al the rest of the world put together, and then turned around and did more to restrain Ja- pan from exercising her new powers and fulfilling her new ambitions than all other countries combined.
 American pressure prevented Ja- pan from keeping the fruits of her Russian war; from despoiling China m the past; from immigrating to North and South America; from equality in naval strength; from es- tablishing coaling bases any place in the Pacific. We have constantly wounded her pride by anti-Japanese agitation and laws in the Western States. In fact, the United States started Japanese civilization and in- +dustrial pots to boiling, then insisted on holding the lids on. The result is an implacable resentment and hope for retaliation. There is universal belief that WAR WITH THE U. S.. IS COMING so SOON AS JAPAN IS READY!
 First, Japan wants an outlet for her excess populations; second, sup plies of raw material. She is not after markets or foreign subjects. Her premier spoke the truth when he said Japan did not want Manchuria, obligating her to care for the millions of Chinese there. She can not colo nize Manchuria, for the Japs have
The Kusko times., 1932-03-05

and men, useful only as naval base for operations against, the Pacific coast, and Japan is wise enough to know that a coast offensive could not be maintained for any length of time, costing more than it would be worth.
 "But poor defenseless Alaska could be taken and completely occupied without the loss of man, or ship, and could be held for years, after a quick mining of the harbor entrances And what prize it would be for Japan!
 Japan needs coal; Alaska shas an unlimited quantity of all kinds, avail able by rail to Seward on a wonderful mountain-locked bay which a seday's laying of mines in the narrow en- trance would make impregnablea to any fleet.
 Japan needs fish foods; Alaska's coast is the greatest salmon ground in the world.
 Japan wants meat; Alaska has a million reindeer ready for slaughter, and grazing room for ten million.
 Japan needs copper; Alaska has unlimited uantities with railroads and machinery ready to bring it to tide water.
 Japan needs gold; Alaska produces millions a year.
 Japan needs timber; Alaska has 100 years supply. <
 Japan needs agricultural ground; l Alaska has millions of acres.
 Ten million Japanese could thrive i in Alaska, and the available. ra wma- 1 terial would also half supply Japan's needs.
 Endless other advantages could be mentioned, but it is needless.
 within a week after declaring war on the United States, Japan will have seized Seward and Cordova, landing ten thousand men to operate the rail roads to the coal and copper. They ! will quickly mine the quarter mile entrances to the harbors,- making them safe against recapture by. our fleet The rest of Alaska could be leisurely occupied and fortified Jap anese ships are all coal burners. and half of their fleet could be perma- nently operated out of Seward, need ing no supplies from Japan..
 Washington and Oregon are with in easy striking distance from Sew ard, but Japan will not wage an of fensive war on the United States, only just enough to assure keeping our fleet at home while she preys on our 1 commerce and firmly establishes her self in Alaska.
 "Let Japan occupy these: wonderful harbors for two weeks and the United States could not dislodge her until 1 we had constructed navy twice the present strength. Our rugged noun tains and stormy seas render airplane ! offensives on towns almost .impossi- ble from the south. ...
 Japan has superior fightinf air plane strengt hthan we and could quickly establish strong base at Seward to use against alls.naval .op- eration the U. s. fould try "Now, all I've said may seem far fetched to minimizing people, but 1 there i senough evidence in it's sup port to. justify our apprehension. Jap anese fishing and sailing. .schooners are thoroughly. at home in Boring Sea, and evidence has appeared at times showing that one or more members of the crews were naval officers, Japan csc preparations here for the pro- posed goodwill. flight, across.=Alaska ast summer yielded her exact data on all our aviation facilities, both water and land.
 UT moc VyorVy rloI %o coo sv, ihor%~r
Evening star., 1932-06-28
PURCHASE OF SILVER
AUTHORIZED IN BILL
Senate Banking Committee Reports
Measure Designed to Stabilize
Price of Metal.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
The Senate Banking Committee has
reported bill authorizing the mint to
purchase not more than 5000, 900
ounces of silver month up to July l.
1888 The silver to be purchased is to
be the product of mines and reduction
works in the United States, coined into
standard silver dollars and subsidiary
coins, and is to be the basis of cur
rency issued in the form of silver GER
tif1cates of 81, SIS and $40 denomina-
tionS
The committee said the bill is to aid
in overcoming the oversupply of silver
in world markets, due to debasement
of melting of silver coils by governments
and disposing of the metal in the mar
ket, and to place in circulation a limited
amount of additional currency based on
silver.
Opposed to the measure is Secretary
Mills, who expressed disagreement as
to the seriousness of the low price of
silver and commodities. These low
prices. he said, reflect conditions which
must be remedied by readjustments in
basic conditions rather than through
creation of an artificial demand. He
said the bill does not represent neces-
Sary or sound use of silver, and that the
purchase would be unnecessary to cur
rency requirements.
Evening star., 1932-06-28
Washington Produce

Butter-One-poun prints, SO score,
20; 90 score, 10; standards, 18. Tub, SO
score, 10; 80 score, 18; standards, II.
Eggs-Hennery. IA; current receipts,
Poultry, alive-Turkey hens, IL; toms,
10: crooked breasts, 10; Spring broil-
ers, Plymouth Rocks, 2l2 pounds and
over, 18a20; 21a pounds and under, lea
10; Rhode Island Reds, 15a17, mixed
colors, l4al6; Leghorns, 14a16; hens,
colored, l3a15; Leghorns, II; ROSTERS, 8.
Poultry, dressed-Turkeys, hens, Is;
toms, 49, crooked breasts, 13; Spring
broilers. Plymouth Rocks, 2l2 pounds
19a21; Rhode Island Reds, 18a20; mixed
horns, Is; roosters, Il; Long Island
ducks, 14a15; hens, colored. 16a18.
Meats-Beef, 12a13; veal, IL; lamb,
Spring, IT; Fall. 13; pork loins, Is;
fresh hams, 1872; smoked hams, 16;
strip bacon, 16; lard, Z; compound, 614.
Live stock-Hcgs, light, 4.25a4.6U;
medium, 425a4.60; heavy, 3.75a4.30;
pigs, 4.00a5.00; roughs, 1.00a1.50; calves,
3.00a5.50; lambs, 4.00a6.00.
Fruits-W -Watermelons, 35a65; canta-
loupes, jumbos, 3.00a350; standards
2.75a3 90; oranges, 3.75a425; lemons,
4.50a500; lines, per 100, 200a2.50;
bananas, 125a200; plumS, 125a175;
figs, 75a1 90; cherries, fancy, 15-pound
lugs, 2.50a2.75; honeydews, 2.00a2. so;
honeyballs, ju1nbos 400a4 IS: stand
ards, 2.25 grapefruit, 400a4.25; grapes,
kegs, 500: blackberries, 2.00a250; rasp-
berries, quarts, 20a25; huckleberrieS,
20a25
egetables-Potatoes, new, per barrel,
ESQ., old. 100-pound sacks, 1.00a1.25;
sweets, per bushel, 50a70; tomatoes,
lugs. 100a125; string beans, 50a75;
limas, 1.00a200; squash. 50a75; cucum-
bers, bushel baskets, 50a75; eggplant,
1.50a200; lettuce, Iceberg, 4.75a5 90; (;
homegrown, so; corn, LOCAL 25; celery,
3.00a350; kale, 50a60; spinach, 100a
1.25; asparagus, 1.25a2.25; beets, per 1G0
punches, 800; carrots, per 100 punches,
3.00a4.00; cabbage. 50a1.00; peppers,
2.00a450.
Evening star., 1932-06-28
STOCKS IRREGULAR
ON DIVIDEND NEWS
Late Rally Reduces Losses of
MidafternOOn-Trading
Is Quiet.
BY GEORGE T. HUGHES.

Special Dispatch TO The star
NEW YORK, June 28.-Governed al
most entirely by the dividend news. to-
days stock market was alternately firm
and reactionary. 1t rallied in the
morning, sold off in the early after
noon on omission of the Atchison COM
mon dividend with a number of i'm
portant stocks making new lows, and
then recovered iTregularly in the last
hour after 1t was announced that there
would be no change in the dividend on
American Cans junior shares.
The action of the Atchison board had
been expected, but the market took it
as blow. More than any other rail-
way common stock, Atchison had been
regarded as an investment. Dividends
at one rate or another had been paid
for more than 80 years. That it should
now be necessary to discontinue pay
ments altogether was a striking COM
mentary on the railroad situation.
This news was not entirely offset by
the favorable declarations by Allied
Chemical and American Can. in the
case Of the latter, at least. Unexpectedly
favorable. 1t was possible to draw
almost any conclusion one desired from
the movement of prices.
The market did not 90 off as much
as might have been anticipated. nor on
the ether hand did it rally with any
decisiveness. Buying incentive is lack
ing. that much is sure. but it is equally
plain that liquidation is no longer
pressing
Besides the dividend actions already
mentioned, Hershey Chocolate declared
the regular on the common.
The market was better from the start.
In part this was due to an oversold
condition. in part to the appearance Of
support at the new low levels reached
yesterday, and in part-although this
did not develop until later in the day
to the fact that dividend develop
ments had been overdiscounted.
The oversold condition was revealed
in the case of Auburn Auto. Opening
2 points higher, it advanced rapidly
for gain amounting to or 7 points
at the best of the morning At one
time there was mo near offer" but
that was soon remedied, presumably by
sponsors for the stock. With the per-
formances of Auburn on its last ad-
vance in mind, the lesson was not lost
on the bear faction.
The dividend news was mixed but
as a whole favorable. Graham-Paige
omitted the quarterly dividend on the
first preferred due at this time but
only the common is traded in here and
that, selling around 81 a share, was too
low to be affected On the other hand
Norfolk & Western declared a quarter
ly dividend of So on the common stock,
or an So annual basis against $40 pre-
viously paid. This was all that could
have been expected by the most opti-
mistic.
Allied Chemical, about which there
had been good deal of discussion, de-
clared the regular on its common
shares and the stock ran up to 4
points before meeting realizing. This
also was a piece of good news. Another
dividend development was declaration
of a quarterly payment of so cents a
share on General Foods common
against rs cents, the old rate. This
had been fully allowed for in the re-
cent decline, and the stock was un-
Importantly changed