davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1932-07-10

to make work less burdensome for the
convicts.
When the o'clock whistle blows, the
convicts line up at the pay Office and
receive amounts for their shift. which
sometimes reach as high as pesos
(about S1.30 American). depending
upon how skilled they are in doing
piecework. which is sold by the institu-
tion. With pay clinking in their pock-
cts, they go to dinner, which consists of
dish Of boiled meats and vegetables,
soups, salad, meat, dessert roll as
large as those served for breakfast, six
"tortillas" (thin. round corn cakes) and
coffee with milk and sugar.
After dinner illiterate prisoners at
tend school conducted by pretty girl
Of about 20 years Of age. The others
read books, magazines and newspapers
from the library. play or bask in the
prison yards. The teacher instructS $50
inmates day, and the fact that many
of them are serving time for hideouS
from the public that she should be
placed in jeapordy Nevertheless, she
has remarkable control over her pupils
They regard her with respect that
approaches awe. Her soft voice ex-
planning the mysteries of the three RS
is the only sound heard in the class
room The pupils listen with rapt at
tention and are pathetically obedient.
Never have any of them said or done
anything that would in the least Of
fend the young teacher.
At pm. theatrical and movie shows
start. All prisoners cannot get into
such places at once, so the oVerflows
go to well equipped gynnasia or en-
gage in such recreations as boxing,
hand ball and swimming, for which
latter recreation there are splendid
tanks. There are also Turkish and
steam baths. Most of the prisoners are
taking daily ablutions for the first time
In their lives.
Supper, as substantial and palatable
as are the other meals, Is served at
pm. Then the prisoners are locked up
for the night. But they don't mind
that at all. They spend their eve
nings pleasantly, for there are radio
concerts. and singing to the accompani-
ment Of guitars and mouth organs, etc,
Is permitted On holidays and festive
occasions concerts are given by the
prison jazz band, an excellent organiza-
ton. Visitors are allowed frequently.
Those who have husbands, wives or
sweethearts are permitted to receive
them in private
tCopyrisht, ies5)
Evening star., 1932-07-10
Distinctive Canadian National Flag
Asked by Native Sons Organization

lacked a spirit Of self-reliance. We are
trying TO fight this spirit, We want
Canadians to realize they can look
after themselves better than anybody
else and that we should not be afraid
of the responsibility of standing on our
own feet
ITO illustate this I want to point out
that We are against judicial appeals
being taken to the imperial privy coun-
Gil. Canadian Judges should be able to
decide Canadian cases. 1t is humiliat-
ing for Canadians to go to the courts
Of another country for final decision
Of Canadian cases.
Eve are trying TO instill national
pride in the hearts of Canadians and
for this reason we want a Canadian
citizen as the viceroy of the king. This
is the new title we want for the gov
ernor-general as he is the personal rep
resentative of the king and Is there
fore viceroy and not governor-gen-
eral
For the same reason again we
would like to have distinctively Can
adian flag.
I'VE are against titles-dead against
snobbery. We do not want that. par
ticularly in a demoncratic country like
Canada. We are not only against titles
from Great Britain but opposed 70
titles from all foreign countries"
(copyright. ls3z.l
Evening star., 1932-07-10
Coddling and Comforts in Mexican Jails
Decried as Inspiring Increase in Crime

MEXICO TY.-Abolition Of the
death penalty for civil crimes and ex-
cessive humanitarianism obtaining In
penal institutions have inspired an in
crease in crime, prominent criminal
lawyers here are contendmg.
While these men concede that it Is
a step forward in social progress to
erase barbaritieS from the penal code
and improve conditions in prisons. they
assert that this humanitarianism has
been carried much too far. They con-
tend that there is much coddling in
local jails, that convicts are afforded
comforts and luxuries of which they
were ignorant and scarcely dared to
dream Of while at large, and which are
denied many honest folk because OF
economic conditions.
Frequent theatrical and movie enter
tainments, jazz band concerts and
radios in the cells of the well behaved
short work periods, Turkish baths, gym
nasia, plenty of good food and other
nice things afforded in the Federal Dis
trict Penitentiary here, Mexico's largest
prison, are making jail too attractive
these men Of law assert.
These authorities hold that the in
tensi1ed struggle for existence. diff
Guilty III nndlng honest employment be-
cause of the economic depression, mild
criminal laws and too snug iailS have
encouraged crooks to become bolder
and have tempted the unbalanced to
do things that are certain to land them
in the home for bad people. They
contend that the suppression of cap
ital punishment is directly responsible
for the recent increase in homicides.
They are indignant about the following
program for convicts in effect at the
penitentiary:
Rise at 6 am, leave cells for
shower bath, partake of breakfast, con-
sisting of a meat main course, which
is different every day; two rolls, fresh
from the oven and twice the size of
those offered for sale In Mexico City
bakeries, and cup of coffee. with milk
and sugar. After breakfast few min
utes are allowed for relaxation. during
which the prisoners may chat and
smoke. Then they go TO the work.
shops, which compare favorably IN
appointments and comforts with the
best In these parts.
There are approximately 1000 con-
victs, about one-third of whom are
women. They are engaged until pm,
when all work stops for the day. Out
side labor Is employed In the carpenter,
blacksmith, print. bookbinding and fur
niture shops and laundry. kitchen. etc.
Evening star., 1932-07-10

United States Yet without an Ameri-
can war debt settlement. no final
settlement is possible. The Lausanne
results will remain without effect. We
affirm this with certitude.
THE French delegation, after obtain
ing unimpeachabie information dating
only from yesterday, has adopted plan
which 1t believes will facilitate CONVEX
sations with the United States when
the opportune moment arrives-a plan
which moreover by its moderation takes
full account of the debtors possibilities.
"The French delegation knows that
cancellation pure and simple would at
present be considered by the United
States an act of defiance toward the
principal creditor (meaning the United
States, whose rights France neither
can nor would contest. This fact thus
obliges US to adopt the most practical
means of settlement The advantage of
the French plan is that it furnishes a
basis for future discussion with the
Americans"
1t was apparently only because of this
alleged American attitude that Great
Britain finally rallied to the idea of q
final German payment TO a proposed
European reconstruction fund. OBJ
viously what France. Great Britain and
Italy now hope is that the United States
will reduce the total war debts to some
where near the total Of the German re-
construction payment-namely. 3,000-
600 600 marks (about STA 900 .000) and
at or near this figure effect final lump
settlement instead of a system of an
nuities extending through several gen.
erations.
Furona Wanfc IT HaIn
Nor is that all Europe earnestly
wants American help in battling with
the worlds economic ills. The Iau-
same agreements provide that the
United States should be invited imme-
diately to name two experts on a COM
mittee which is to prepare the World
Economic and Financial Conference.
probably at Geneva in October. That
the United States will duly attend this
conference is taken for granted
The work of this conference will be
divided into two parts. One will be
financial. including exchange difficult
ties, price levels and movements of
capital The other will be economic
including tariff policies. various re-
strictions on foreign trade and agree
mentS among producers.
anu lLnaIly tiIe LduSdl4lit dBIeeuitIlIa
institute a committee for Central Euro
pean financial aid. which will report to
the European Union Commission of
the League of Nations. One Of the
principal problems here will be how
to get higher grain prices for Central
European farmers. And here again, in
this question of grain prices, Ameri-
can cooperation is said to be essential
In short Europe having put its
house in order. is Immediately inviting
the United States to call
Copyright. 1922
Evening star., 1932-07-10

TINAL agreement at the Lausanne
l. Conference to reduce German
reparations practically TO the
L vanishing point causes undis-
guised satisfaction In Washing
ton Government quarters. 1t is ac-
claimed as overwhelmingly the farthest-
reaching step yet taken by postwar
Europe to restore political and economic
tranquility "oVer there" The decision
TO cut Teparations to definite total OF
S75O 900 600 Is regarded here as tanta-
mount to wiping them out altogether.
There is unrestratned appreciation in
Hoover administration circles OF the
generosity Of France in asserting TO
Germany's demand that the reparations
slate should be cleaned once for all.
When the then premier Of France. NJ.
Pierre Laval, left Washington last Oc-
tober. he carried with him a pledge
from President Hoover and Secretary
Stimson that the administration would
do its utmost to persuade Congress TO
reconsider war debts. If Europe settled
the reparations problem M. Laval un-
derstood, of course. that the administra-
tions powers are limited to recommend-
ing action to the House and Senate.
But conditions have now ensued which
Justify the French and our other Euro
pean debtors in expecting the United
States to make good on the assurances
given NJ. Laval. Foreign observers at
Washington read important significance
into the fact that the Republican plat
form adopted at Chicago In June Is
wholly silent on the subject Of debts.
The reason for this omission, there is
every justification for believing, is that
the Hoover administration desires to
have It's hands free next Winter to take
such initiative as the situation at that
time may warrant.
II is certain that nothing will be done
until after the presidential election IN
November. On December Is, six weeks
after election. the first semi-annual
6ebt installments due the United States
since the expiration Of the Hoover
moratorium will become payable. At or
about that time President Hoover, in
the Judgment of authorities in position
TO gauge the probabilities, will send
message to Congress urging that the
American people without further delay
do their part in promoting the work OF
world economic recovery, Whlch mas
lust been launched at Lausanne.
Undoubtedly the President desired to
nave the way to this projected action
when he asked Congress last Winter to
re-establish the World War Debt Com
mission for the purpose Of reviewing
matters in the light of existing condi-
tions. Whether he is reelected or de-
feated in November, Mr.. Hoover will be
vastly more of a free agent in both
domestic and foreign affairs than he is
as a candidate for a second term in the
presidency. He can afford to strike
out boldly in any direction he pleases;;
No one at this early date is authorized
Evening star., 1932-07-10
BY PAUL SCOTT MOWRER.

AUSANNE-A new OrQer DaSed on
international confidence, recon-
ciliation. cooperation and justice
IL has been born into the world.
Such at least is the faith Of the
statesmen, who, after three weeks OF
incessant effort, have just signed the
Lausanne reparations agreements.
The spirit of Locarno gave Europe
four years of truce, then f1ickered and
went out. The spirit of Lausanne. Eu-
ropes new gospel, Is designed to bring,
not truce, but permanent peace.
What Europe hopes now Is that the
United States will understand sympa-
thetically the tremendous will to con-
ciliation through mutual compromise
exercised here and will play its own
generous part in this new adventure in
peace. For everything accomplished
here remains contingent on American
cooperation, particularly American CO.
operation in providing what is regarded
as the essential counterpart to the abo-
lition of reparations, namely, new and
final war debts settlement.
Other AccOrds Withheld.
mo nation" said Ramsay Macdonald,
prime minister of Great Britain, in an
eloquent speech, can exist alone"
est nation. and as hard hit as the
others, cannot now, he declared, re-
main unmoved.
In addition to the published accords
reached here there are some other
agreements which. in order to spare
American feeling, are not being pub
lished
1t is publicly stated in the Lausanne
treaty that the new system Will take
effect when Germany, Belgium, France,
Great Britain. Italy and Japan have
ratified it. But privately. France and
Great Britain have made a gentlemen's
agreement that neither will ratify the
new treaty until new American war
debts settlement has been reached.
Privately. Germany has peen duly
notified of this gentlemen's agreement
And privately, intra European war debts
nave been suspended also until a new
American debt settlement has been
arranged
definite statement regarding the
suspension Of European war
debts, pending full ratification Of the
Lausanne agreement or until such rati-
fcation would be found impossible. was
made public by Sir John Simon, British
Foreign Secretary and reiterated by
France, Belgium and Italy.
When German Chancellor Lieut.. Col.
Franz Won Papen in a public session
inquired what would happen If anyone
failed to ratify the pew treaty, British
Prime Minister Ramsay Macdonald
answered that a new conference would
be convened. 1t seems evident. there
fore, that Europe in rs own vital in
terest will desire to reopen the war debt
question with Washington at the
earliest moment that the American
political situation makes it possible.
Evening star., 1932-07-10

American conceptions. The British,
nevertheless, came out here for can
collation.
But the French meanwhile had also
ascertained Washington's views. A
secret French memorandum, dated
June 29 and circulated to Great Brit
ain and Germany, read in part:
Practically, a repalations cancella-
ton pure and simple provides no basis
for future understanding with the
Evening star., 1932-07-10

Not only is the entire Lausanne
agreement contingent on American CO.
operation in war debts but, though no
American delegates were present here,
the very nature of these agreements
grew out Of alleged American ideas.
1t Is stated on excellent authority
that Washington allowed London to
know some time ago that a complete
cancellation policy, whether in repara-
tions or war debts. was contrary to
Evening star., 1932-07-10
Total state OF lndeDJedness
to foreign countries. .......l5 s36 billion


Germany's foreign state indebted
ness, eliminating tribute payments,
thus exceeds the English and the
French state debts inclusive of the war
debts I'll and 1873 billion marks metz
Another main contention at Lausanne
as an argument against cancellation
sought to direct attention to a shifting
of financial obligations and to awaken
the impression that France would be
the injured party by cancellation Of
German reparations.
We Germans were able to point out.
apart from drawing attention to French
gold accumulation Of thirteen billion
Reich marks during the period of Ger
man reparation payments, that the
lustihable demand made for the restora-
ton by Germany of the DESTROYED ter
ritories In Belgium and Northern France
was fulfilled long ago.
War Damages Paid, He Says.
The French estimate Of war dam
ages places the civil damage at 1875
billion marks. The total amount of
German payments subsequent to the
peace treaty. of which France has re-
ceived half, runs to 38.4 billion marks,
according to the American estimates,
and to considerably more, according to
the estimates of German experts. Every
scientific objective scrutiny Of these
figures, and so far creditors have de-
clined a scrutiny of this kind, shows
the reparations debt already has long
been overpaid
When. under this head, reference "a
Continued on Third Page)
Evening star., 1932-07-10
BY FREDERIC WILLIAM VILE.

.INAL agreement at the Lausanne
Conference to reduce German
reparations practically to the
vanishing point causes undis-
Evening star., 1932-07-10

Jonierence SUI Young.
THE conference" he added, has
j Just been born, after heavy and pro-
e longed birthpsngs. But it has not as
#yet put on any weight, nor acquired a
voice Of its own. The movements 1t has
thus far made and the sounds 1t has
emitted have not been such as to enable
one TO discern tokens of its future
strength. capacity or powers"
That the eventual action of the Rus
SLAMS may nullify what little good
emerges from the conference M.
Iityinuf does not deny His mission
now seems 20 be TO sit on the side-lines
and interject, as the spirit demands,
81 told you So" While Japan, Poland,
Funania and some other countries
declare that they cannot accept any
treaty which does not provide for some
anxt of an Enquiry Commission to
Evening star., 1932-10-22
ANACOSTIA TO GET
AWARD FOR LAWNS
Star Bicentennial Trophy to Be
Presented to Citizens Associa-
ton November rs.

Announcement that the Anacostia
Community won first prize for the
greatest improvement" in lawns and
gardens in the District during the Sum-
mer months was made last night at a
meeting of the Anacostia Citizens As
sociation. The meeting was held in
the Methodist Church Hall. Fourteenth
street and Logan Park southeast
A trophy given by The Star will be
presented at the next meeting. No
vember 25, by the District B!centennial
Commission
First prize in the individual COM
munity garden and lawn contest. spon-
sored by the Bicentennial Commission
was won by John A. Cook, 1917 7
street southeast Presentation Of his
prize will be made at the same time.
DR.. George C. Havenner, president OF
the association, presided and appoint
ed the following committee chairmen:
Lorenz Thompson, Highways Commit
tee: Robert Thompson, Water, Sewers
and Lights Committee; William j
Tucker schools: Tracy Campbell, parks
Frank N Dent lawns and gardens
DR.. Havenner and Mr.. Tucker, general
District affairs. and as delegates tc
| the District Public Schools Associa-
tion, Mr. Tucker. William Benhod ano
Mrs Carrie Smith.
The installation o! lights in the al
ley between Chester and High streets
southeast was asked by the asSocia-
tion. A motion picture on the Prog
ress Of Aviation" was shown at the
meeting
Evening star., 1932-10-22
BY REX COLLIER.

Identification experts o: the United
States Bureau of Investigation are
making it increasingly difficult for
criminals to escape the law.
Fingerprints lett behind by urWary
enemies of law and order are playing
havoc with aliases and alibis, once the
chief havens Of safety of experienced
outlaws, according to L. c. Schilder,
chief of the Identification division OF
the bureau and supervisor OF the
largest collection of flngerprints In the
world.
Nearly 1000 prints pour into Wash
ington every day from every part OF
the United States, its insular posses
sions and foreign countries-and ap-
proximately two out of every five re-
suits IN an identification, a statistical
report for the fiscal year ending July !
disclosed today.
Every hour of the day and night,
somewhere here or abroad, two or three
fugitives from justice are being appre-
hended as direct result of identifica-
tions made by Schilder's experts.
With the receipt of every f1ngerprint
tie percentage of identifications in
creases The number of prints received
annually for peace officers cooperating
with the Government in this great
crime deterrent movement has jumped
from 879l8 when the Identification
clearing house was established to 573,-
73l last year.
AS the influx of f1ngerprints has
grown the identification efficiency has
followed a corresponding incline. In
1924. the year ]. Edgar Hoover director
of the Bureau of Investigation, took
over this work, the percentage Of GRIM
inals identified as having previous rec
ords was IA. BY 1928 the percentage
had zoomed upward to 81. In 1881
the percentage was &c. and at the close
OF the 1882 fiscal year it had reached 80.
In 1929 a total Of 1872 fugitives,
whose crimes ran the gamut from
petty larceny and vagrancy to train
Evening star., 1932-10-22
PLAN COMMITTEE
TO. SPREAD WORK
Business Leaders Here to
Join National Movement
to Aid Employment.

Various business lines here will narne
representatives to Steering Commit
tee" to push the spread-work move
ment in the District, it was said today
by John H. Hanna, president Of the
Capital Traction Co., chairman Of the
movement, following a meeting yester-
day at which the scope Of the effort
was outlined to business leaders.
The current program. which has as
its objective the spreading OF employ
ment by shorter hours, without pay
roll increase, is national development
growing out of the Presidents confer
ence last August, although the idea
had its origin some 18 months ago.
TeagIe Heads Movement.
Walter C. Teagle, president Of the
Standard Oil Co. of New Jersey, Is
national chairman and he is being as
sisted by men Of prominence in other
lines. Committees also have been set
UP in each of the Federal Reserve dis
tricts to aid.
The proposed Steering Committee VIII
have or 10 members and is to be
formed within the next week, Mr..
Hanna said.
The meeting yesterday was held at
the Chamber OF Commerce OF the
United States and the program was
outlined by P w. Litchfield, presidents
of the Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co.,
and A. 3. Gunnerson of the chamber.
There are three main objectives OF
the movement:
l. To check the upward trend Of un-
employment when work is reduced for
seasonal or other reasons by employing
the greatest possible number Of work.
ers on a shortened working schedule.
thus avoiding adding to unemployment.
Shorter Schedules.
2. To decrease unemployment by
wider spreading of work now available
among larger group Of employees work.
ing shorter periods rather than by en-
ploying a smaller group working longer
periods.
3. Whenever an increasing volume Of
business permits increase in personnel to
do this bv distributing the increased
work to the greatest possible number
rather than by working longer schedules.
The Board of Trade, Chamber Of Com
merce and Merchants and Manufacture
ers Association are aiding in the plan
here.
Evening star., 1932-10-22
M'CARL BLOCKS
funds TRANSFER
Rules Economy Act Forbids
Use of Jail Money for
Prison Camps.

Attempts by the Justice Department
to transfer funds in its departmental
appropriation so as to feed and clothe
prisoners in its prison camps were
blocked today by Controller General
McCarl in a decision based on the econ
cmy act
The difficulty grew out Of the fact, it
was learned, that the population of
prison camps had increased more rapid
ly than that Of the Federal jails 1t
had been proposed to transfer $4,000
from the appropriation for maintenance
OF Federal jails to that for maintenance
Of prison camps.
Since McCarl held the economy act
would prevent such transfer, the de-
partnent now is faced with the problem
OF finding some way to feed and clothe
the men in the prison camps 1t may
become necessary, 1t was pointed cut, to
transfer some of the men from camps
to jails.
The Justice De eJartment thought it
had right under the law to transfer
these funds. The departmental appro-
priation act allows 10 per cent Of an
appropriation to be transferred The
economy act restricts such transfers to
IL per cent. There already had been
transferred S28650, which, McCarl
claimed, when added to the $4,000
proposed to be transferred, would bring
the grand total in excess of either"
the 10 per cent or the II per cent re-
striction.
Taking into consideration the pro-
visions Of sections 8O2 and 803 of the
economy act" McCarl said, I am con-
strained to hold that the 10 per cent
authorization in the appropriation act
has been superseded by section BIT of
the economy act, rather than that the
II per cent provision is in addition
to or above the 10 per cent provision "
This Interpretation of the transfer
provisions of the economy act was con-
sidered of far-reaching importance as
precedent to guide all Government
departments in the question of appro-
priations transferred.