davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
YoungstownskeÌ SlovenskeÌ noviny = Youngstown Slovak news. (Youngstown, Ohio) 1910-1940, 1932-04-08

narodnemu hospodarstvu ako cell
ku, trebars ze ma druhej strane
ltus a tam tiez zasiahne, ale to 5e
uz smysel vsetkych reformnych
reformujncich aktov. VI
Zahranicny obchod tomto ros-
ku neyyvija sa prave priazniye.
Uz v januari vykazal paslvum
122 mil. Kcs, vo februari pasiyllm
sice kleslo ma Al mil. Kcs, ale
PREF to je to pasivum najma ak
uvazime, re vlani "a diva MESSAGE
SINE mali prebytok 274 mil. kes,
kdezto tohoto roku name pasl-
yum 174 mil. Kcs. klesol dovoz
vyvoz. Dovoz yo februari robll
622 mil. Kcs, o 76 mil. kcs meneJ
ako v januari, vyvoz mierne stu
pol, a to o 5 mil. Kcs na 561 mil.
Kcs. Tato zmena moze byt' hod-
notena ako zlepsenie, najma ak
uvazime, re vo februari medzina-
rodna hospodarska situacia sa
d 'alej zhorsiIa. Vyvoj zahranic-
neho obchodu ulxazuje, .Ze "a MAJ
obt 'aznejsich pomerov sd stale e.
Ste drzime, ale oysem je to tiez
pobidkou k tomu, ably sme ilsllle
O zlepsenie zahranicneho obchodu
d'alej stupnovali tax, ably scho-
dok boil nahradeny aktivom, lebo
tohoto roku bude zahranicny OBJ
chod jedinym pramenom, kto-
reho mozeme vyrovnavat' plateb-
MI bilanciu. Turisticky ruch ne
bude valny, podobne zmiznn ale
bo sa oslabia platy sezonnych i
inych vyst 'ahovalcov, l1lesnl l.
ne pr1jmy cudziny, take costa
va jedine zahranicny obchod ako
vyrovnavaci GiniteP nasej pla-
tebnej bilancie.
YoungstownskeÌ SlovenskeÌ noviny = Youngstown Slovak news. (Youngstown, Ohio) 1910-1940, 1932-04-08
STARY INDIANSKY ZVYK,
KTORY / NAM DAVA
P0ZITOK.

Stare indianske kmeny pozera-
ly ma dohan ako ma dar S neba,
a sadenie medicinalneho dohanu
bolo prevadzane S veIkymi obra-
dami Liecnici kmenu stall pro-
sired kruhu, uroben6ho z dohano-
vych listov; ably odohnaly zlych
duchov. Dohanovy prach bol roz-
hodenI do vetru ma privolanie
dada a zahnanie v1chrov tiez
v invch obradoch davnych India
nov dohan hral vel'ky zastoj.
Prvi spanielslSi priselci zbadali,
ze Indiani etlzfvali dohan V roz-
licnych sposoboch proti 'ilnave. A
ked' Spaniel oprobovali 81 zafaj-
cit, dohan sa in zapacil, ze jebo
pestovanie rozsirene bolo po ce-
YoungstownskeÌ SlovenskeÌ noviny = Youngstown Slovak news. (Youngstown, Ohio) 1910-1940, 1932-04-08
STRELILA 81 DO SRDCA PRED
SOBASOM.

V Svaljave (Podk. RUS odo-
hrala sa strasna tragedia, obet 'ou
ktoreJ sd ,stala mlada ilradnlcka
Maria Mazurova. Bola dlhs1 cas-
zasn1bena mladiliom vidieku
a teraz mala mat sobas. Pred So
basom kefovala kabat svojho snn
benca a pri tom vrecka vypadol
list. Y tom liste rodicia svojho
syna posledny raz vystrihali. a.
by 81 MazurovI nebral "a zenu,
lebo je vraj chorl ava. Dievca,
ktore bolo sirotou, rozPutostilo sa
mad tym tax, ze sa zastrelilo.
Strelilo 81 rovno do srdca.
YoungstownskeÌ SlovenskeÌ noviny = Youngstown Slovak news. (Youngstown, Ohio) 1910-1940, 1932-04-08

lom svete. Dneska Wac l'uh nez
kedykol'vek predtym ma pozitok
2 dohanu, ale Amerika este vzdy
v tom vyvodi.
V tejto krajine, kde dohan Dol
napred uzivany, dava sa teraz
prednost' cigaretlam cd inych fo.
riem dohanu. Moderna cigaretla
je triumfom priemyslu, chyrna
Lucky Strike cigaretla je oprav-
du modernou cigaretlou. Pri w
rabani Lucky Strikes, vyrabate-
liza neuspokojuj1 sa dat fajcia-
rom najfajnejsf vyber dohanov
Ma tomto bode, ma ktorom mi
vyrabatelia koncia, vyrabatelia
Lucky Strikes este len zacinaju.
Ma odstranenie istych neeist6t,
Cd prfrody nachodiacich sa v kaz
dom dohanovom liste, vyrabatelia
Lucky Strike cigariet upotrebujii
tostovacf process, ktory zahrnuje
pouzitie ultra fijalovych l1eov.
Lucky Strike je jedinou cigaret-
lou ma svete, ktora yam poskytu.
je ochranu hrdla tostovacim pro
YoungstownskeÌ SlovenskeÌ noviny = Youngstown Slovak news. (Youngstown, Ohio) 1910-1940, 1932-04-08
SMRT ZASLUzILEHO KNAZA,

Dna Z. marca umrel Sloven-
skej L'upci (Zvolenska) Juraj
Kovacik, L. katol. dekan-farar ".
V. Nebohy narodil sa Trnovci,
Liptove,. "A. apr. 1850. Nizsie
gymnazium navstevoval V Ruzom
berku, vysSie V Banskej Bystrici,
kde skoncil i teologiu. Vysvateny
ia knaza, kaplanoval na Donova-
loch, ia Dobroniyej, v Badine,
fararoval v Necpaloch ma Ba-
binej. Pat'desiatrocne knazske
jubileltm slavil este +. 1925 v i1z-
kom priatePskom kruhu na ba-
binskej fare, ktorl opustil len "A.
aprlla 1880, ked sa odst 'ahoval
do Slov L'upce ma oddych k syo-
jim pr1buznym. Zosnuly Dol pri-
kladnym, nenarocnym, tolerant
nym knazom Kdekofvek prisiel,
ziskal 81 sympatie tax veriacich,
ako priatePov. Pohreb zosnule-
no -odbavoyal sd "a vel'kej 1casti
obecenstva dfla TO- nlarca t +. v
Sloyenskej L'upci. Mech mu je
sloyenska zem!
YoungstownskeÌ SlovenskeÌ noviny = Youngstown Slovak news. (Youngstown, Ohio) 1910-1940, 1932-04-08
MOVE oBJAvY v JAsKYNI
DoMENICI PRI PLEsIVu1.

Klub esl. turistoy podnika d'al-
Sic vysknmy y jaskyni Domenici,
0 ktorej sme nedavno pisali.
Sprauca jaskyne v. Benicky ma
siel tychto dnoch nova cast
jaskyn krasnymi vapl'ovymi
lesilmi, vysokymi 23 metre.
Porcelanova belost' dlhych a
tenkych tyciek posobi najkraj-
Sim dojmom.. Bansky geometer
Edward Poloncy 20 Sliezskej O.
stravy,. ktory zmeral zasuty
vehod do jaskyne, kadial chodil
praelovek, nasiel vypravou, We.
denou zastupcom KCST. stkpt.
Janakom, spojenie medzi dvoma
.jaskynovlmi chodbami tax bu-
de umoznena Pahka cirkllacia
navstevnikov jaskyn. Dosial' mai
j. F
dene jaskynne bludiste meria f.
351 m. Suche casti jaskyn boly
obydlene neolitickym clovekom,
ktoreho stopy .su patrne "a kaz-
dym krokom. Su tu cele spisty
nadob najroznejsfch tvarov, ko-
stenych ihal, spiciakov, obsidia-
move noze, kostene nastroje, kto-
rymi zdobili hlinene nadoby
Mnoho tisfc rokov hovori XII
nam 20 vsetkych k1tov jaskyn,
at'-metrove kvaple priemere
dvoch metrov, ako al badatel ne
stopy pracloveka.
Vodne d6my, ktorymi preteka
mohutny tok podzemneho Styxu,
hyria najkrajsimi ozdobami be-
lostnych zaclon, baldachynov a
vysokych stlpov. Vapencove kas-
kady, po ktorych stekaju prudy
yod, posobia kuzelne magickom
osvetleni magnezia.
Jaskyna Domica je skutocnvm
divom svetoveho stylu. Je nepo-
rusena, panensky krasna, preto-
ze bola sl1ryta pred neodbornou
rukou.
Jaskyna Domica rozlusti mno-
hu zahadu zivota neolitickeho
clovel1a, l1l1aze jeho vysoku ume-
leckil cinnost vo spracovavanl
hliny a otvori svetu move divy
prirodnych kras.
YoungstownskeÌ SlovenskeÌ noviny = Youngstown Slovak news. (Youngstown, Ohio) 1910-1940, 1932-04-08
JASKYNE PRI PLESIVCI POD
an VODOU.

V novych slovenskych jasky-
mach Domica pri Plesivci, ktore
budn otvorene /. maja, yznikla
povoden. Rozvodnila Sd podzem-
ia riecka, a voda zaplavila hlav-
MI dvoranu, vel'k1 2,400 stvor.
metrov. Dvaja robotnlci, pracu-
.nci nd 1prave jaskyn, boil vodou
odrezan1 od vchodu a hrozilo i'm
nebezpecenstvo utopenia. Robotni
kom podarilo sa vSaI zachranit'
Dostali sa ia vySsiu terasu a tam
vyckali, kym i'm poslali pomoc
Voda 0 niekol'ko hodin opat' o.
padla.
YoungstownskeÌ SlovenskeÌ noviny = Youngstown Slovak news. (Youngstown, Ohio) 1910-1940, 1932-04-08
POLAR v TREBIsovE.

V Trebisoye vypukol dosial
neznamej priciny poziar, ktory
znicil stavania jana Berescika a
Michala Hresku Ma miesto po-
ziaru prisla tiez motorova strie-
kacka, ktora ale nefungovala Pri
zachrannych pracach bolo crane
nvch niekoPko hasicov. Skoda,
sposobena ohnom. je znacna a ma
st'astie kryta poistenfm. Pricina
sa vysetruje.
YoungstownskeÌ SlovenskeÌ noviny = Youngstown Slovak news. (Youngstown, Ohio) 1910-1940, 1932-04-08
70 sfarei vIasfi.
(Zpravy ! krajovych novfn.)
KONECNE USPECH v OTAZ-
KE TARfF / EvIDENCIE STA
TNYCH DODAVOK?

Praha, 16. marca. VceraJsl den
dufane, budeme moct' zaznaeit
historic slovenskej politiky,
pot. historic borby "a sloven-
ske regionalne poziadayky ako
konecne jeden uspesny den. Ho-
vorime: dnfame lebo vec este
nie je pod strechou, kym sa to
nestane, vzdy mozeme byt' pfi-
braveni ia move sklamanie a.
lie j to je velke sloyo, ked' moze-
me napisat', ze uz difame. Pod :
me k veci:
Ma vcerajsom zasedani mini
sterskej rady agilny posi-. Llslla
v meme poslancov a senatorov,
sdruzenych v Narodohospodar-
skom istave Sloyenska, doJednal
otazku tarif a otazku evidencie
statnych dodavok. Toto sa stalo
moznym len pod tlakom jednot-
neho vystupenia slovenskych po-
slancov a senatorov. Vo Wade
konecne prebfja nahl'ad, re IL
prava slovenskych pomerov ME
je nijaky separatizmus, ale zau-
iem republiky a spravedllveho
cesko-slovenskeho spoluzitia. No
w dovod ma to, V com je pravy
smer slovenskej politiky. Je len
co rutovat'. re to neprislo ia my
sci Slovakom samym prv, ale i
TAX lepsie neskoro, ako nilldy.
Dnes sa v Bratislave schadzaJn
na svoje kazdorocne pravidelne
porady zastupcovia 'slovenskeho
priemyslu. Iste i'm bude Prahy
prinesena podrobnejsia zprava o
tom dojednani otazky tariff a e.
videncie statnych dodavok, kto-
ra iste bude doyodom toho, ably
ma tohoroenom valnom shromaz-
deni Ustred. sdruzenia SLOW. prize
mysIu zavladla optimlstickeJs'a
nalada, ako minute roxy.
Dnesny Sloy. denIll priniesol
tito zprayql iba strucne, re "v
ministerstve zeleznic je priprave-
ny material pre- prepocltanle ta~
rifov miestnych drah ma Sloven.
sku'' a Re .'v ministerstve zelez-
nic sa sncasne jedna Ia interven-
Gle slovenskych poslancov o Ia
vedeni evidencie statnych doda-
yok prac". Dufame, re dnes-
zajtra bude mozno- tieto zpravy
arcitejsie stylizovat', ked sd to-
tiz dozvieme konkretne fakta ME
len pripravach, ale skutoeneJ
praci v tomto smere.
YoungstownskeÌ SlovenskeÌ noviny = Youngstown Slovak news. (Youngstown, Ohio) 1910-1940, 1932-04-08
NAsHo HosPoDARsTvA.

Poslanecka snemoyila mliu-
lom tyzdni skontila rozpravu {
osnove bankoveho zakona osno.
WI schvalila. Tym bolo uzayrete
iedno obdobie prac na tejto O.
snove, ktora svoJim hospodar-
skym vtznamom radi sa k naJ-
vaGsim, axe kedy boly nasom
Narodnom shromazdeni preied-
navane. Osnovu ovsem musi pre-
jednat' este senat. ale MET po-
chybnosti, re V tejto snemoyni
prejde osnoya bez nesnadzl bu-
de moct' stat sa zakonom. Ban
koyy zakon uprayuje vel Ike mnoz
stvo otazok nasho bankovnictva
sa tykajilcich a prinasa mnohe
podstatne zmeny, ktore zaiste me-
mimi sa dobrym ilcinkom ami pri
celkovom ozdravoyacom procese
nasho narodneho hospodarstva.
Mozeme povedat', ze bankovy "a
kon je opravdoyou kodifikacion
nasich pravnych ustanoveni 0
bankach. pre- ktore tvori move
podmienky cinnosti a to vo smy-
sic poznatkov a sknsenostl do.
nlacich i cudzich Me je to IA
kon proti bankam, ako snad' nie
kde sa myslelo, je to zakon, .kto-
ry ma usnadnit' bankam spravne
plnenie ich cinnosti ako vrchol.
4 neho organizmu celeho hospodar.
skeho systemu s tohoto hIadiska
treba posudzoyat' i rome tie OBJ
medzenia, ulozene bankovym fun
kcionaron, ako je zakaz hroma
denia funkcif odmien, dale
zvtsenie odpoyednosti, vybudo
vanie lyeroyej kontroly a inc Vi
81, ktorych smyslom ME je ni
ineho, ako umoznit' bankam ko
certrovat' ia vylucnejsie ma pr,
re svoje 'poslanie. Je nepochyl
y y ne ~ bankoyy zakon prospe
YoungstownskeÌ SlovenskeÌ noviny = Youngstown Slovak news. (Youngstown, Ohio) 1910-1940, 1932-04-08
TVRDA ZIMA v HORNATYCH
KRAJOCH SLOVENSKA. i.


Jar sa so dna IA den blizi, ale
V hornatych krajoeh Slovenska
este vzdy vladne tyrda zima. Nag
vacsmi to citi mas chudobny l'ud
V Grave, Liptove a ma Kysu-
ciach, ked'ze jeho takreceno je-
dinou stravou sii zemiaky nile
ko. Krmiva pre- dobytok met,
preto azdovia musia odpredavat'
zdroj yyzivy skoro zadarmo. Wy
uzlvajn toho najma ziskuchtivf
kupci. Kradeze 81 IA dennom po-
riadku.
YoungstownskeÌ SlovenskeÌ noviny = Youngstown Slovak news. (Youngstown, Ohio) 1910-1940, 1932-04-08
ZABITY sTROMoM.

V lese pri Kosiciach rnball
stromy. Jeden vel'ky strom boil
prave podplleny, ked' odrazu str
hol sd vel ky vichor, strom neca-
kane spadol na inu stranu zabil
robotnika, 19-rocneho Jozefa Ko-
lara.
YoungstownskeÌ SlovenskeÌ noviny = Youngstown Slovak news. (Youngstown, Ohio) 1910-1940, 1932-04-08
sTAvBA PovAzsKEJ HYDRO.
CENTRALLY ZAISTENA.

Stavba yel'kej hydrocentraly
ma Vahu je " zaistena. Vyziada
81 nakladn viac ako 100 milionov
kcs, potrya 34 roxy, a bude pri
nej zamestnanSch aida 1000 ro-
botnikos, takze fu nalde obzivu
al znaeny rad nezamestnanych
centrala bude mat tri turblny )
vykonnost' 81 milionov XIV hodlr
roGne.
YoungstownskeÌ SlovenskeÌ noviny = Youngstown Slovak news. (Youngstown, Ohio) 1910-1940, 1932-04-08
v sPISI zAsTAvUJU PRACU,

" dosledku poklesu clen dreva
al inych vyrobkov, ako al male
no odbytu do cudziny doslo k "a
staveniu alebo k. obmedzeniu W
roby Y celom rade podnikoy ma
YoungstownskeÌ SlovenskeÌ noviny = Youngstown Slovak news. (Youngstown, Ohio) 1910-1940, 1932-04-08
HosPoDARsKA PRkCA
v SARISI.

Sara Y Presove nal valne shro-
mazdenie 13. marca. Predsedal
DIR Treybal, pripomenui ulohy,
pre- ktore Sbor bol zalozeny. Y
prvom rade je to lloha informac-
ma: ziskat' evidenciu vsetkych pc
trieb hospodarskych moznostl
Sarisa. Uz teraz sd zistene vodo-
hospodarske potreby, zist 'uju sa
.podmienky domaceho priemyslu a
nerastne bohatstvo Sarisa. Ma
zaklade tejto eyidencie bude sa
sprevadzat' druha uloha, inter-
vencna. Sbor dava poslaneom a
vedlcim nradnikom informacie
pre- ich pracu Y okrese, V vskrajine
a V parlamente. Ulohou organi-
zaenou je propagovat' popnla-
rizovat' neutrality-suspicious. my
Slienky medzi obecenstvom Sari-
sa, budit' nctu k produktivnej
praci, nabadat' clenov na hospo-
darsku podnikavost' snstred o.
vat vsetky tvorive silly na svoi-
pomocnu cinnost'. V tom je al
imciativna l1lohu Sboru: davat'
popudy k praci, hl'adat' move
zdroje hospodarskeho blahobytu
a vybudovat' plan hospodarskej
cinnosti pre- Saris.
Tajomnik M. Dvorak podal pre-
hi 'ad cinnosti a pod 'akoval "a
podporu vsetkym obciam a okre-
SOM sarisskym, hlavne okresu pre-
sovskemu. z referator .jednotli-
yych komisii videt', re sa V obo-
re pol 'nohospodarstva pracuje na
tom, ably V nizinach rick bola po-
volena zmena plemenn6ho dobyt-
ka, ably boly upraven6' pasienky,
ably bola vsade uvedena stajnova
kontrola, ably bolo zriadene druz
stvo pre- spenazovanie ovocia ka
pusty. V obore dopravnictva sa
ustalii program postupnej npra-
Wy ciest a usiluje sa zdokonale-
ME autobusovej dopravy. -.
V obore vodohospodarstva pri-
pravuje sa druzstvo IA regulaciu
Torysy" a Sekcova a urychluje sa
postup prac melioracnych.
V obore lesodrevarskom zaca-
la Sd akcia pre- stavbu drevenych
domov. Pre- zvel 'adenie saris-
skych zivnosti sa chysta Preso-
We staIa vzorkoyna. s
V obore elektrizacie bude Sd
podporovat' myslienka zriadit'
hydrocentralu V Po;<ade vyu-
zitkovat' sarisske uhlie V kalo-
rickej centrale.
Samospravna komisia Narodo-
hospodarskeho sboru ma ,sa stat
iistrednou starostensllych sborov
5 okresov sarisskych.
neutrality-suspicious. sbor uspo-
riadal "a predsednictya A. Chill
lanyiho dobytkarsku anketu,. ma
ktorej sa zncastnil ia Zemedelsktl
Radu pre- Slovensko DIR. inz. j.
Camek, zastupcovia 1radov, obci,
rol'n.ctva vel 'kostatkov, a boly
nasledovne poziadavky 'yyslove-
ne:
Ably bola povolena sarissdSym
chovatel ON IA vlastny naklad
zmena pinzgavskeho plemenneho
dobytka na inc plemeno; ably bo-
ly robene nspory 70 statneho pri
delu ma choy koni prospech
zyel'ad'ovania rozneho statku; a.
by bola upravena a rozslrena bez
pIatna kontrola nZitkoyosti do
bytka na naklad okresoy; aby
neutrality-suspicious. sbor mohol
nakupne trhy ma ple-
mendkov; aby pozemkovych
knihach bola urobena zmena uzl-
vanych pasienok byvalych les
nych kulti1r; aby bola uyedena
peclivost' pasienky pre-
nzivatelov' ably boil zvyseny
statny prldel na zvePad 'ovanie
pastvin.
Ucastnici anxiety vyslovili sa
"a zriadania dr,lZSfya IRE Snpila-
The Washington times., 1932-12-08
VOCATIONAL TOPIC

Miss Mildred E. Lincoln, presi.
dent of the National Vocational
Guidance Association, will speak
on guidance problems Saturday
at . p. m. in Corcoran Hall,
George Washington University.
The Washington times., 1932-12-08
DAWSON SPEAKS SATURDAY

Matthew Dawson will address
members of the League for the
Larger Life on The Secret of
Prosperity" in the Gordon Hotel,
9l6 Sixteenth st. N. W., Satur-
day night at 8 o'clock.
The Washington times., 1932-12-08
TURKEY DINNER TONIGHT

Capital Lodge No. 3. order of
Shepherds of Bethlehem, will
serve a home-cooked turkey dinner
at the Northeast Masonic Temple,
Eighth and F SITS. N. E., at 5
o'clock tonight.
The Washington times., 1932-12-08

Solid oak sOIes, genuine
aIfskins, kidsk ms,
grains; black or brown;
all tOe-mOdelS; bal or
biucher styles. BUY AT
LEAST TWO PAIRS AT
THIS LOW PRICE.
The Washington times., 1932-12-08

Full Belted Polo Coats-BIue, brown, medium
and Oxford gray.
Big Burly Coats-Staunch, hard-wearing
fabrics.
Dressy Coats-MeItOns and fleeces.
Full beIted ~POIOs halfbeIted Dress Coats,
Plain Backs There are Blues Browns Ok
fOrds and Medium Gray and Tans
Evening star., 1932-11-04

stage. thus establishing q bridge be-
tween them and the ancient burial
mounds. This was followed in the vii
Iage sites by q transitional stage. after
which came the mysterious Thule cul-
ture." Directly succeeding this was a
stage hardly distinguishable from the
present day culture Of the Eskimos Of
the neighborhood Thus the Thule
culture. instead Of being very ancient,
turns out to have been quite recent.
Independent Colony.
Specifically, at least. it differs pro-
foundly from the Bering Sea culture.
The patterns Of the harpoon heads and
other artifacts are entirely different. The
Thule people lived in partly subterra-
mean circular houses made or stone and
whalebone The Bering Sea people had
square houses made Of driftwood. There
are other differences Of considerable
archaeological significance
But what became Of the Punk cul-
ture, into which the ancient high art
of the Eskimo ancestors devolved
around the Bering Sea? Ford found no
trace of this important stage around
Point Barrow until he ran across, near
" so miles away. an ancient village
site where the artifacts were altogether
Punk. They apparently represented
an independent colonization from the
Evening star., 1932-11-04
MAN Of FAR NORTH
HAS DEGENERATED.
ArcheoIogist Finds Bridge"
to Span Ancient Origin
of Arctic Culture.

Discovery of long-sought archeo-
logical bridge" which may go far to-
ward clearing up the ancient story of
human occupation of the Far North. is
reported by James A. Ford. Smithsonian
Institution archeolcgist. who has just
returned to Washington after a year at
Point Barrow, northernmost point under
the American flag.
His excavations of ancient village and
grave sites, carried out on the extreme
northern frontier of systematic archeo-
logical Investigations, produced evidence
which literally turns upside down some
OF the ideas Of cultural evolution in the
Arctic region hitherto accepted by most
archeologists Instead Of developing
from crude beginning it started on
high level and has gone down hill con-
tinuously through the centuries.
Ford found a definite transition stage
between the ancient Eskimo culture OF
the Bering Sea region and the ancient
so-called Thule culture" of the eastern
Eskimo. They differ from each other
in numerous respects. so that some have
believed that they came from different
origins and may have been equally an
cient The evidence secured by the
Smithsonian archeologist places the
Thule culture at comparatively recent
date. barely prehistoric. 1t removes
the last lingering doubt as TO the der
ivation of the eastern Thule Eskimo
from the ancient migrants into Alaska
from Asia.
Haphaxared Excavations.
It has long been suspected by archeo-
logists that the ancient village sites
around Point Barrow might hold the
KEY to the puzzle. The area evidently
had been occupied for long time at
tracing settlers because Of its superior
whaling and fishing facilities. The
difficulty was in excavatlng these
mounds. Point Barrow is free from ice,
50 as TO admit boats, only few weeks
each Summer An archeologist could
no sooner reach the site than he must
leave, or remain locked in by the ice all
Winter. Consequently the only archeo-
logical material secured from the area
was that obtained by Eskin1oS who dug
into the mounds haphazardly.
Ford handled this problem by going
to Point Barrow in the Summer OF 1881
and voluntarily remaining there all
Winter. so that he could start digging
early in June. when the ground began
to thaw. and continue all Summer until
the last boat left in the early Autumn.
During the long Winter he studied the
folklore Of the Eskimo now in the
vicinity.
He sought especially for traces of the
ancient Bering Sea culture which. prev1-
Gus investigations have established, was
brought directly from Asia. This So
called ivory civilization" was first dis
covered about five years ago by DR.. Ales
Hrducka, curator Of physical anthropol-
osv Of the Smithsonian Institution. 1t
represents not only the highest cultural
stage ever reached in the Far North but
one of the highest stages attained in
the New World before the coming OF the
white man. 1t was one of the most
advanced of all primitive cultures. In
vestigations by Henry B. Collins, jr.. OF
the Smithsonian staff on st. Lawrence
Island showed that this culture had
undergone a gradual devolution, becom-
ing simpler and losing much Of its
Evening star., 1932-11-04

artistic finesse. Ford was especially
anxious to find traces Of this art in the
Point Barrow area.
Degenerates Gradually.
He finally found it, although with not
quite the same ornateness as on st.
Lawrence Island, in some ancient grave
sites located on elevations near lagoons
| formed at the mouths Of streams run
ming into the Arctic. None Of the an
cient villages were found. The prob
ability is, Ford believes, that the beach
has sunk through the centuries so that
the actual habitation sites of this re-
markable Bering Sea people now are
under water Fortunately they followed
| the practice of burying some of their
dead. at least, on high ground. Some
of the ivory artifacts in these graves
represented a high order of artistic
workmanship. Perhaps the finest article
! OF all is pair of snow goggles" made
OF ivory and with parrow Sits for the
/ eyes, which are just as Serviceable today
as when they were made several thou
sand years ago.
On ST. Lawrence Island the old
Bering Sea culture degenerates grad
ually into q much simpler style Of
artifactS known to archeologistS as the
Punk" culture. This apparently re-
manned dominant for several centuries.
It has been considered the main transi-
ton stage between the ancient art and
the much cruder Eskimo artifacts Of
| historic times But also on st. Law
renee Island there are traces of cul-
tural branching off in another direc-
ton, the artifacts differing in essential
| characters from those of the Punk
stage This is known as the Brink"
culture. But in the graves Ford found
the old Bering sea culture and the
Brink stage together. Apparently
these prehistoric Arctic Coast colo
nists were from the Birnirk wing Of
the Bering Sea population.
Around Point Barrow are several
large mounds representing actual pre-
historic village sites. These are evi-
dently OF later date than the graves.
The very fact that they are above
water would indicate this, to say moth
ing of more conclusive evidence. At
the very oldest levels OF these villages
Ford found artifacts of the Birnirk
Evening star., 1932-11-04

John L. Bateman. c. Evans Brooks,
John E Dawson and A. N. Schroeder
(. II DeGroot. jr. president Of the
District OF Columbia Sunday School
Council Of Religious Education, will
preside.
Rev. DR.. Cove Grifith Johnson will
deliver an address of welcome. Resolu-
tions will be presented by a committee
headed by Col. W. o. Tufts. William
r. Schmucker will lead a musical pro-
gram. Annual reports will be read by
Page NICK. Etchison. secretary, and
Austin NJ. Cooper. treasurer.
Delegates from the following churches
will attend the convention: Baptist,
Congregational. Disciples, Lutheran,
Methodist Episcopal, NJ E. South. Pres
byterian, Presbyterian South, Reformed
United Brethren. First Brethren,
Church of the Brethren and Friends.