davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1932-10-28

old empire in 1871 an absolutely inde-
pendent entity-while permitting the
previously shelved Braun-Severing cabi-
net to exercise certain ether. though
minor. functions. The decision creates
a state of chaos and confusion OF
which no one in Germany as yet sees
the end. As federal commissioner, Col.
Won Papen forthwith issued an admins
trative order admonishing all Prussian
civil service employees that their duty to
obey the instructions of himself and his
deputies has now been indisputably laid
down by the Supreme Court.
The single ray of hope in an i'm
penetrable situation Is the apparent
willingness of Prussian Premier Braun
to cooperate with the Reich govern
ment in loyal execution of the courts S
verdict" Herr Braun admits that 1t
will be difficult to determine in prac-
tice where Col Won Papen's dictatorial
authority ends and Prussia's sovereignty
begins, but with much good will and
the greatest objectivity" he seems to
think an adjustment can be reached.
The Leipzig ruling, Herr Braun says,
philosophically. means that Germany
is still a country where the constitution
and the law are supreme" and he
derives satisfaction from the fact that
the court exonerates the Prussian cab
met from having been remiss in its
duty-a charge on which the central
government partially justified its action
in usurping the rule of the state.
1t can hardly be that much more
than a mo0us vivendi has now been at
tanned. The governmental schism per-
sists. Everything depends on how long
Won Papenism can last.
Evening star., 1932-10-28
THIS AND THAT
BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL.
Are home grown seed worth collect

Are home grown seed worth collect
ing?
This is the annual question which
besets amateur gardeners ut this time
OF year.
Some say one thing, and some an
other.
No two home gardeners seem to be
able to agree about 1t.
The battle Is waged in garden maga-
zines and columns, and In the very gar
dens themselves.
mo use collecting those seeds" a
neighbor will say, over the fence. They
won't grow
Won't grow?" queries the other.
why, the best flowers ever had cot
from some seed sent me out OF an old
friends garden"
And so the happy conflict RACES.
Mostly flower seeds and gladiolus
bulbs (or corms, as the scrupulous insist
on saying) are involved In this good
dispute.
For here Is an argument which Is a
good argument, but which leads to no
waving fists and red faces, and which
leaves no rancor behind 1t.
The question as to the future grow
ability" of seeds gathered in the nome
garden is faced every year by amateur
gardeners everywhere.
Many already have made up their
minds.
Nobody can induce such persons to
change. although the attempt carries no
i'll will with it.
Either a gardener makes up his mind
that such seeds are worthless or that
they are as coed as any.
Our personal belief is that mostly
home grown flower seeds are liable TO
be "duds."
In the face Of this belief, however we
can say that the finest and only really
successful asters we have ever grown
were raised from seed collected from
country village dooryard.
A very important point Is involved
here.
Those seed or seeds were the product
of plants grown in very rich soil. in
countryside noted for its crops.
Not only was the earth in which the
parent plants had their home flled
with nutrition, but 1t was, before
everything else. in the exact mechan-
ical condition which enabled the plants
to receive that nutrition.
It was not hard clay or sand. or the
so-called rotten stone" but was the
finest of loan, the real loan one reads
about in all the garden books and
magazines
Those people had it. not only on their
farms. but in their yards.
Combined with this natural wealth
was a hardness with growing things
for which there is no substitute.
Ask no one to prove this.
There are many things in this
world for which no proof shall be
forthcoming
Many OF the troubles and all the red
faces arise right there.
People ask proof. when there Is no
proof nor any need Of it. The thing
speaks for itself
Those splendid aster seed spoke
loudly.
But you try to raise the same sort
in old. worn-out farming lands. used
for a couple of hundred years and
then cut up iCto city lots.
Try it. and the chances are that next
Spring you will find only a small per-
centage of your seeds will germinate
and of those which grow a still smaller
percentage will result in worthwhile
plants
Unless Of course. one takes special
steps to prevent such results.
Evening star., 1932-10-28
Public Opinion.

In an ideal world it should be pos
sible to measure public opinion. But
In our kind OF world there is no in
fallible yardstick for any such thing.
Elections are supposed t. indicate the
trend CT pcpuar thought, but not al!
who are eligible bother to go to the
polls end most Of those who DO, psy-
biologists say, record their emotions,
their owes ,nd hates, rather than any
manifestation of constructive cerebra-
ton.
The press also is alleged to be a
barometer of the mental activity Of the
masses, but the claim is only fraction
ally true Newspapers are channels
for the expression of organized thought
rather than Of that which IS rot reg
imented and disciplined. They convey
to their readerc The news upon which.
theoretically, public opinion is formed.
But the readers are free to pick and
choose accept or reject, as they lndl-
vidually see ut. The average man or
woman responds to fixed ideas. Is gov
erned by static dcgmas, and reads with
attention only such journals and such
news as come within the narrow limits
OF a rigid and generally arbitrary con-
yiction. Few read to change their
thought: many read to strengthen and
reinforce notions already pretty thor
ouphlv intrenched and not invariably
predicated on truth. Letters to the
editors are of interest, but they express
individual rather than group judgment.
Symposiums of editorials probably are
the nearest approximation of national
cogitation.
The radio thus far has demonstrated
no greater effectiveness as reflector OF
opinion than the newspapers. The word
"broadcast," so commonly used in this
connection. signifies with considerable
accuracy the radios proper function. 1t
is medium for the dissemination OF
entertainment, but hardly receiver of
popular expression. 1t is a distributor,
not reflector. The movies. too, and
the legitimate stage give out, rather
than take in.
The difficulty appears to be that OF
the inarticulate millions Of men and
women. There is no way to estimate
the thought Of a person who Is silent.
OF course. the average citizen really Is
not voiceless. People talk. But they
have no organized technique for record
ing what they discuss.
However. it is perfectly apparent that
there is such an entity as public opin-
ion. The national and State legislative
halls are forums Of sort, schools and
churches, learned societies and clubs,
citizens associations. commercial or
ganizations and even ordinary street.
corner crowds are centers Of debate. To
these and through these group thought
passes But what Of the individuals who
lack group contacts? 1t might seem
that they are few, but actually they are
many
On November President will be
elected. He will be chosen by approxi-
mately nineteen million voters, repre-
senting about one hundred and twenty
million people He will 60 into his high
Office with the recorded approval OF less
than one person in sixteen. What will
be the attitude of the others toward
him? No one can say. And public opin-
ion being intangible, wraithlike and
changeable, it may not greatly matter
Evening star., 1932-10-28

Almost any one. then, would do Just
that?
Alas, almost all will not do anything
OF the sort! To know the theory OF
good planting and to do 1t are two en-
tirely different things.
Fertilizers not only require money
with which to buy them. but the theory
and practice of their application IS 50
mixed up that few amateur gardeners
understand either.
Many think they do, but in time dis
cover that they do not.
Maybe horticultural professors and
the like. know the difference between
the various types of fertility, and the
of small planters are hopelessly con-
fused between the claims and counter
claims.
DO not use a hot fertilizer" declares
one advocate.
Use my brand" bellows another.
The result often Is that the home gar
densr becomes afraid to apply enough
of any sort of fertilizer to do any good
Then he believes that fertilization Is
"the bunk" when all that has hap
pened Is that he has permitted himself
to be the victim Of conflicting claims.
Soil fertility is no easy subject.
There are numerous and weighty
books upon the subject, out of which
one might secure much real knowledge
If he had a real dirt farmer" stand
at his elbow and explain the practical
application of the theory.
X
Seeds raised in the average garden.
therefore. may naturally be suspected OF
lacking just the precise amount of .ex-
ira" vigor which they require when
they are to be grown without extra
help.
Many home gardeners have found
this out.
Others, perhaps less critical, profess
to find their home e-grown seed quite
as good as fresh seed bought from some
reliable scotsman who makes q pro-
fession of growing good seed.
No doubt one may take the claims
Of these happy home agriculturalists
with q grain or two Of the proverbial
salt
1t stands to reason, one may feel,
that an old institution. as most Of the
seed houses are, which makes a busi-
ness out Of growing good seed can do
a better job of 1t than an individual
who pays no particular attention to the
matter.
On the other hand, there is no rea-
son why the home gardener. even of
the veriest amateur status, should not
experiment with seed raised at home
Even if he prefers to buy most of
his seed next Spring. it will be inter-
esting to plant some of his own, in
order to contrast the results.
Some of his flowers, such as morning
glories, will self-seed anyway, and he
may find that new vines grown from
these seed will be quite as good as from
new packets.
Morning glories are wildings. after
all: no gardener should take such re-
suits as indicative of superior abilities
as gardener.
The true test of the ability to raise
good garden seed comes with the more
difficult flowers. such as the aster. the
columbines, the lavatera and similar
things.
Not every one has complete success
with such flowers. and it is the seed of
them which furnish the real test.
II gardener gets poor results from
such seed. he will be justified in dis
continulne the use of home grown
seed thereafter.
He will be right in saying that as far
as he Is concerned there is nothing
TO EN-"
Evening star., 1932-10-28
Return of the Happy Warrior,

AL Smith had a lot of fun last night
assigning ro.es and casting the charac-
tiers for his version of the "dramma"
entitled The Republican Failure, or
What Happened to the Republican Best
Minds" He derived huge enjoyment,
toward the dencuement in which he
personally pulled the false whiskers
from the face of the kindly old gentle
man who had been weeping copious
tears over former Gov. Smiths failure
to receive the nomination at Chicago
and revealed this same cd gentleman
as none other than Senator George
Moses of New Hampshire.
But all the while Al Smith was
enacting the leading role in another
drama which might be entitled The
Return of the Happy Warrior" If
some of the Republicans have been hid
ing their smiles behind false whiskers
ever since the happy warrior retired to
his tent some hours before the ad
iournment of the convention in Chi
cago and began to sulk, Democrats
have been wearing false whiskers to
hide their tears In Newark few
nights ago the warrior carre out Of his
tent, but he was not happy. He was
mad. And for every warm shivver OF
delight that ran its course up and
down Republican spine, there was
cold shivver of alarm that traced a
similar course along the spines OF
Democrats.
All this. it now seems. was in mere
preparation for the real climax IN Bos-
ton. For there the folds Of the tent,
when parted, revealed the warrior
again, and he was happy, With one
stroke Of his glistening sword he de-
capitated the specters Of Jealousy and
Malice, and when the curtain went
down there was the happy warrior
again, standing over the carcasses OF
the fallen foe, with one arm around
Frank" and the other arm around
John"
1t may be said, without further re-
sort to allegory, that Alfred E. Smith
made a double contribution last night
in Boston. The first was to his party.
The second, to his fellow Americans,
was contained in his really eloquent ap-
peal for religious tolerance in this coun-
try and for the outlawry, from politics
especially, Of anything that smacks OF
religious intolerance What disappolnt-
ed many of Smiths sincere admirers IN
his Newark speech was the fact that,
in smarting under the lash Of intoler-
ance-and undoubtedly he felt the lash
he became intolerant himself. There
are thousands of thinking and devout
Americans who resent the linking OF
their views on the liquor question with
the thought Of religious bisotry, and
who equally resent the inference that
their political preferences or allegiances
are swayed by religious prejudice. AS
a great American, AL Smith cannot per-
init himself to fight intolerance with
intolerance. That is the food on which
fattens.
Last night in Boston he reminded
those Of his faith that:
There can be no bigotry and there
can be no resentment in the Catholic
heart. 1t can't be there. We have been
taught, and it is impossible for us to
divorce ourselves from it, that our first
is this country.
That is not an appeal to the COM
municants of any one faith. 1t is one
in which millions of Americans, regard
less of religious or political belief. join
Alfred z. Smith. He again has shown
that he is a big man-and we need
s,leh men in this country.
Evening star., 1932-10-28

Baltimore has enjoyed great distinc-
tion as a scene Of momentous political
events. Franklin D. Roosevelts speech
there is accounted q brilliant forensic
effort, with consequences possible which
even the shrewdest forecasters might
fail to see.
Evening star., 1932-10-28

Civilization progresses slowly. Blow
ing out the gas ceased long ago to be a
practical methcd Of self-destruction.
But there are still people who insist on
selecting the toadstools out Of an
abundance of mushrooms.
Evening star., 1932-10-28

1t seems to be the opinion of the
Secretary ct State that since there is
so much handshaking going on in
United States affairs, there ought to be
more efforts at demonstrations Of
friendlineSs in international affairs.
Evening star., 1932-10-28

Should Mussolini decide to insist
personally on debt cancellation, there
Is no fear to be entertained that he
would visit this country and employ
the uncompromising methods he used
In making converts to Fascism.
Evening star., 1932-10-28

In one respect the oratory is calcu-
lated to please every citizen. An atten-
tive auditor is quite sure to find all the
public men he happens to dislike vigor-
ously attacked by one speaker or an
other.
Evening star., 1932-10-28
Good Cuesser Needed.
From the indianapolis News.

From the 1ndianapoIis news.
A mule tanner, saxophone player
and an astrologer are among the appli-
cants for the job Of manager of the
Cincinnati Reds, and 1t does seem that
the astrologer would be the best bet.
Evening star., 1932-10-28
A Long, Long Time.

From the Boston Transcript.
DR.. Einstein thinks the earth is ten
thousand million years old, and 1t must
be even longer since the universe blew
up in the fall of 1929.
Evening star., 1932-10-28

Perhaps the week after election ought
to be declared a series of national holi-
days. Everybody will feel the need Of
recuperation in preparation for still
further problems.
Evening star., 1932-10-28

Reference to Senator Borah as "an
Idaho potato may not be as disre-
spectful as it seems. In time Of focd
shortage potato is to be held in almost
reyerent esteem.
Evening star., 1932-10-28
Swift Process.

From the Cincinnati Times-Star.
Scientist claims to have found a way
to take the crew out of a rooster; q
hatchet gets quicker results.
Evening star., 1932-10-28
Ma Pledges Pa.

From the Toledo Blade.
Mrs. Ferguson promises, If elected, to
give her husbands undivided attention
to the governorship of Texas.
Evening star., 1932-10-28
Climate and Conscience.

From the Oakland Tribune.
Snow in the Middle West may relieve
the consciences of those men who have
maintained it will be q cold day before
they vote for one or the other Of the
candidates.
Evening star., 1932-10-28

By recognizing Manchukuo as gov
ernment Russia may hope to suggest
the propriety Of early action toward
herself in such matters by other nations.
Evening star., 1932-10-28
Works Both Ways.

From the Butte, Mont Standard.
A Berlin doctor says parents should
keep q written record of family history
There are also argument In favor OF
forgetting,
Evening star., 1932-10-28

London is again expected to set the
fashions. This time the job Is a truly
serious one; that of showing how to
manage demonstrations by the hungry.
Evening star., 1932-10-28

New York Democrats believe that they
not only can restore beer to existence,
but that they know way to hurry up
the waiter
Evening star., 1932-10-28
Mr.. MilktOasts Taste.

From the Portland Oregon Journal
A new definition Of q henpecked man
is: lone who has lace curtains at the
side windows Of his coupe"
Evening star., 1932-10-28
'Unconcerned.

Prom the Roanoke Times.
Plans for Homecoming day don't seem
to interest Samuel insult In the least.
Evening star., 1932-10-28
SHOOTING STARS.
BY PHILANDER JOHNSON.

Concerning Laughter.
If you can laugh at trouble
For just little while,
Your joys will soon redouble
In repayment of a smile.
A little bit O. laughter
May Danish some regret
And prove itself hereafter
Philosophy's best bet.
But laughter when used rightly,
Some close observers say,
Must be employed politely, q
In a scientific way.
For when too long kept going,
Laughter, as you must recall,
Very little sense is showing
It's but Folly, after all.
Evening star., 1932-10-28

There Is no need of the customary
warning against apathy in the present
elections.
Evening star., 1932-10-28
Millinery Misery.

From the Ashland Daily Independent.
The girl wearing last seasons hat
knows how uneasy lies the head that
wears the crown.
Evening star., 1932-10-28
PERPETUAL Emotions.

H1IHIOVTOTISs
And when the voting all Is through
Well have TO face question new.
. Although. of course, we hope to see
The public as referee,
Who will decide just what is what.
With the contention all forgot,
We/ask, will all the strife depart,
Or more Immediately start?
Music" said Uncle Eben, lis SO pow.
erful dat it kin keep you sayin' ovel
and over words, regardless of deli
meanin', If any"
Evening star., 1932-10-28

Rate by Mail-Payable in Advance.
Naryland and VirEinia.
Evening star., 1932-10-28
The Evening Star Newspaper Compan,
Business Once

bUSlntSS OlnCt.
18th st. and Pennsylvania Ave.
New York once: ITO East 42nd st.
Chicago once: Lake Michigan Building.
European once: IA Resent ST.. London.
England.
Evening star., 1932-10-28
Mental OccupatiOn.

Mental Occupation.
will you be relieved when the elec-
ton is over?"
Yes" answered Senator Sorghum
Some Of us statesmen can go back to
our relaxations"
But there must be need of mental
effort
"Of course, but there must be variety.
It's shame the way some of us have
neglected our solitaire and crossword
puzzles"
Jud Tunkins says he knows lot of
things the Government ought to do. but
he can't explain how to do 'em any
more than the Government can.
Evening star., 1932-10-28
Rat. Nv Carrier within the City.

Rate by Carrier Within the City.
me Evening Star. 45c per month
me Evening and Sunday Star
when 4 Sundays. ....... soc per month
The Evening and Sunday Star
when 5 Sundays ......... .65c per month
S,hs SUNDAY Star - SC per COPY
Collection made at the end OF each month
Orders may be sent In by mail or telephone
National 5000.
Evening star., 1932-10-28
StimlllOuS to Readinf.

Stimulous TO Reading.
You read newspapers even more at
tentively than you used to-"
Yes" answered Miss Cayenne. After
listening ir during the evening I am
consumed with curiosity to know what
my favorite political orators were trying
to put through the static and the ad-
jacent jazz"
"Rudeness," said Hi Ho the sage Of
Chinatown, "is pleasure only to one
who has experienced discourtesies in
early life and who has acquired fortune
enough to retaliate"
Evening star., 1932-10-28
Signs Of the Time.

Signs Of the Time.
Signs OF the time must surely change,
Some new ones prove a trifle strange
We once displayed on every shelf
A notice that said, Help Yourself"
After a time, it was made known
That Il o. u" must needs be shown.
Even that sign We had to quit
And hoist the banner, Please Remit.
Evening star., 1932-10-28
Member of the Associated Press.

The Associated Press is exclusively entitled
10 the use for republication OF all news dls-
pa tehes credited 10 1t or not otherwise creo-
tied N this paper and also the local ne news
published herein. All rights OF publication OF
special dispatches herein are also reserved
Evening star., 1932-07-27

to turn into the pockets Of the boot
logger the enormous sums which should
be paid to the public treasury for re-
lief of the taxpayer
Should not more than IS States
adopt an effective system Of State
liquor control such as prevails in the
Province of Quebec or in Sweden, and
should rate of taxation be established
not greater than that which now pre-
walls in Great Britain, the lowest esti-
mate is that s1,500000,000 would be
available for the public treasury.
Every interest of the American peo-
pie requires the quick repeal Of The
eighteenth amendment and immediate
action to bring about a restoration of
prosperity through International CO.
operation in reference to inter-govern-
mental war debts. through the removal
of harmful restrictions upon trade due
to tariffs, quotas and administrative
regulations, and through a prompt
study of the pressing problems which
grow out of the present gold supply and
the way it has been used information
ally since the war
Evening star., 1932-07-27
NAVY ORDERS

Capt. Edgar @. Oberlin, detached as
technical aide to Secretary of the
Navy about August /; to duty with
Assistant Secretary of the Navy.
Comdr. Howard H. j. Benson, de-
tached Naval Academy, Annapolis.
Md, about July 81; to command
U. S. s. Sapelo.
Comdr. George w. Simpson, de-
tached command U. S. S. Sapelo; con-
tinue treatment Norfolk Naval Hos
pital, Portsmouth, Va.
Lieut. (Junior Grade) Frederic F.
Agens, orders July IL modified; to
U. S. S. Wickes instead U. S. s. Tracy.
Lieut. (Junior Grade) John c. Ber-
net, orders July IL modified; to U. s. S.
Tracy instead U. s. S. Evans.
Lieut.. (Junior Grade) Ransom Full
inwider, detached Once of Naval OPP
erations, Navy Department, about July
IS; to duty as attache, American en-
basSy, Toxic, Japan.
Lieut.. (Junior Grade) Alan r. Mont
gomery, orders July IL modlfed; 10
q. S. s. wickes instead of U. S. s.
Tracy.
Lieut.. (Junior Grade) William w.
Outerbridge, orders July IL modified; to
U. S. S. Philip instead of U. S. S.
Wickes.
Lieut.. (Junior Grade) Henry B.
Stanley, orders July IL modif1ed; to
U. S. S. Evans instead U. S. s. Philip.
Lieut.. (Junior Grade Robert H.
Wilkinson, orders July II modified; to
U. S. S. Philip instead U: S. s. Wickes.
Ensign Edward E. Colestock, de-
tached Naval Air Station, Pensacola,
Fla; TO Aircraft, Battle Force.
Ensign Charles E. Earl, orders July
IL modified; to U. S. s. Evans instead
U. S. S. Philip.
Ensign Thomas z Gillespie, orders
July II modified; to U. s. 8. Wickes
instead U. S. S. Tracy.
Ensign Thomas j. Greene, orders
July u modified; to q. s. s. Philip
instead q. S. S. Wickes.
Ensign Robert B. Heilig, orders July
IL modified; to U. S. S. Tracy instead
U. s. S. Evans.
Ensign Francis ]. johnson, detached
q. S. s. Yarnall about August 8; to
U. S. S. Fulton.
Ensign Gerald L. Ketchum, orders
July IL modified: to U. s. s. Philip in
stead u. S. S. Wickes.
Ensign William v. McKaig, orders
July IL modified; to U. S. S. Wickes
instead U. S. S. Tracy
Ensign Lee S. Pancake, orders July
II modified; to U. S. S. Evans instead
U. S. S. Philip.
Ensign Frederic S. Steinke. orders