davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Smyrna times. [volume] (Smyrna, Del.) 1854-1987, 1932-01-13

One of the reasons why
four million people are out of
work in the United States
in fact, almost the only rea-
sons that too many people
who have money have stopped
spending it. In the discus
sions which led to the forma-
ton of the National Credit
Corporation, it was estimated
that more than a thousand
million dollars has been taken
out of circulation, out of the
banks, and hidden away in
safe deposits and mattresses
by people who are almost par
alyzed by fear that they are
going to lose what they have
accumulated.
In the ordinary course of
business every dollar changes
hands seventeen times a year.
To take a billion dollars out of
circulation means a loss of
seventeen billion dollars Of
business that, the experts
say, is q large enough sum to
keep four million persons at
work.
There are much safer
things to do with money than
to hide it. Money is not of
the slightest value except to
spend it. Hidden away it
earns nothing, and if enough |
Of it is hidden it actually loses
its value.
Anybody who is holding
currency because of fear
would be better off to invest
t in almost anything. A hun
lred dollars invested in paid
Up life insurance policy, or an
with one of the big
insurance companies would be
safer and more productive
han 500 hidden away. The
safest of all places to put
IS IN improved real eS-
ate. If there are no COM
nodities that you feel a desire
or, and you have money that
S not working, why not put
t into one of these perfectly
safe investments and get it
Jack into circulation? Until
most of the boarded money
,egins to work aagin, we are ]
toing to have hard times; as !
DON as this money gets to |
work, prosperity will come
Jack almost instantly.-Dela- !
ware Ledger.
Smyrna times. [volume] (Smyrna, Del.) 1854-1987, 1932-01-13

Small incorporated commun-
tiles must grow in civic pride
OF be numbered in the list OF
dead towns, declares the rural
economist of the University
Of Virginia, who also told his
class, in a recent address, that
the small towns are in imnin-
ent danger Of extinction and
to prevent which they must
function actively in self de
Tense. Basing his conclusions
on the Federal census Of 1880,
versity faculty, insisted that
each Of the smaller commun-
tiles must realize their oppor-
tunities and should be special
lied service stations for con
stituent communities.
1T is necessary, declared
the Virginia econimist, that
all the towns that are doing
well the tasks they can rea-
sonably perform cooperate
with other neighboring towns
OF cities for undertaking 9th
Ell tasks which they cannot
hope to do successfully. Any
village which is taking adj
vantage of these opportuni-
ties will not be going down.
ward, as many Of the half
dead or half-asleep villages
have done in the past until
they finally disappeared"
Commenting on this the Will
Every Evening says:
"The conclusion evidently is
that these more progressive
small towns will be the ones
that will eventually attract
industry and business as the
larger communities become
still more overcrowded and
congested. Towns will then
be sought for cheaper and
rational living, where
the conditions are healthful.
But is is stressed that only
small communities which
show signs of enterprise and
civic pride may expect to be
singled out for growth or even
The fate of the
towns of Virginia land else
where in our country is in
the hand of the populace en-
tirely, insists the Virginia ed
ucator, and they may prosper,
Or die from decay, and for
lack of properly directed ac-
lvity, even though the trend
Of industry is in the direction
IF the small towns, with low
AK rates and favorable living
for workers."
Smyrna times. [volume] (Smyrna, Del.) 1854-1987, 1932-01-13

@'iAAOIOCAI- JILL ~ -CNO may NC
a crucial year in the history
of the United States, declares
the Newark Post. "For
more than two years we have
endured one of the most Sc
we're and prolonged general
depressions Of all time
company with the other great
nations of the world. There
is no magic remedy for curing
economic ills-how soon our
problems will be solved, large
~, is up to US, as individuals,
and as members Of a compli-
Gated society. The greatest
danger Of a depression is that
we may lose our heads that
q sort Of mob hysteria may
take the place Of reason. We
may try to overcome economic
law with panaceas. Already
many such efforts are being
proposed-the new Congress,
before it has completed its
session, will be swamped with
suggestions for relieving the
unemployed with gigantic
bond issues; for helping the
farmer with governmental
subsidies and attempts at
price-fiXation; for helping the
small business at the expense
Of the large one; for helping
the poor and those Of moder-
ate means by over-taxing the
wealthy. While such propos-
ais may be made in good faith,
most Of them are based on
misconceptions.
Prosperity will return as
the result Of stimulated en-
ployment, stimulated buying,
stimulated trade, commerce II
and building. We cannot pro
duce that by frightening the
capital we need. We cannot
do it through governmental
meddling, which inevitably
forces retrenchment and mac
ton on the businesses it {
touches and, by example, on /
the entire business structure. !
The potential destructive
forces Of politics cannot be '
measured.
eve canot create prosper I
ity by heaping additional tax !
burdens on businesses and in +
dividuals already struggling ]
under a tremendous tax bill. :
Robbing Peter to pay Paul is {
not sound economics. All tax
es must eventually be paid by
the public = business must 8
pass all costs onto those who I
buy its products or services. {
For the nation to go further $
into debt, to appropriate ad- {
ditional millions and billions &
for temporary and unsound 6
relief schemes, is the height 9
of folly. l
Our basic ministries howe
shown a commendable spirit t
in seeking to solve their prob V
lens, which, in reality, are S
the workers problems and the y
consumers problems. Elec- f
tricity, insurance, oil, gas, n
Smyrna times. [volume] (Smyrna, Del.) 1854-1987, 1932-01-13
The Smyrna Times
SMYRNA, DELAWARE

Published Every Wednesday Afternoon, by
r. d. HOFFECKER. Proprietor.
Founded by Robert d. Hoffecker. July 8.
1864. Editor and Proprietor until Feb
ruary 10, 1907
Smyrna times. [volume] (Smyrna, Del.) 1854-1987, 1932-01-13

Entered at the Post Once at Smyrna, Del
aware. as Second Class matter.
Subscription price. sI.5o per year. strictly
In advance.
Smyrna times. [volume] (Smyrna, Del.) 1854-1987, 1932-01-13

what, We are CON- n
continue to d. =. y
retains is pre. !, q
unoontaminate5'f /, . !
Our roads conn.,, / =
our best asset ~
more to spread i. \
Of Delaware tbs !. q
one thing 7. q
they VIII Be Delr,. y.
main in safo
been the caoo 4
~. :
The producers news., 1932-12-16
HOMES NEED PAINT
AND REPAIRS; CORN
STANDS IN FIELDS

Hammond, Ind, Dec. 5.-Some
Z the comrades were out in the
aunry recently here in Indiana,
q some Of the formerly most pros
eiOuS farming sections. In the
aH Of prosperity, the farmers all
hd fine buildings, nice homes, and
vel kepts barns, etc.
Today in this same district, the
sne houses could hardly be rec
sglIed. In places boards are
aIlng out, paint has disappeared,
I'd dilapidation and ruin is evi-
'a' every where. Corn is still
aSdlng in the fields. Farmers
SlnOt afford to hire it picked
AeSe farmers will have a hard
.Ae even planting anything mex
Pmg. Il. J.
The producers news., 1932-12-16
RELEASE NEGRO
after PROTEST
lfy to Intirnidate Negro
Leader of Share
Choppers

:, camp Hill, Ala. Dec. Release
= = n Luther Hugely, Negro leader
l. Ae sharecroppers of Camp Hill
Sst Ssned on charges of vagrancy,
s-s, ,.s won by mass pressure and
isSs sa defense mobilized by the In
s'uaaonal Labor Defense. Negro
r,u ian farmers and sharecroppers
IlSwueo lseo the court room to support
ts.Oney F. B. Irwin, of the In
'paauonal Labor Defense.
=. .Ss,esvlous to the trial, the sheriff
%ul'ted to Irwin that the real
SIse SaI,ge against Hugley was dis
%Ou1ng leaflets of the United
~mers League. The sheriff anC
slSsec slOsescutor tried to make Hugle!
sssa 80 guilty with threats of heav,
Sa'' Snce if he did not, although
10y, 10y admitted they had no cas-
sst ssslnst him. The Judge ha
bs.d beed with them to give a yer,
nS.y ssy sentence if he did not plea
my and agree to leave town.
h,Snee |. L. D. and u. F. L. dis
iDuIed leaflets calling on farmer
ero'ig erallIs, and share croppers t
o,."C, "u the court room and man
hssssulzations sent protests to IL
''se and high sheriff.
The producers news., 1932-12-16
WAGES OF TRACTOR
OPERATORS RAISED

The wage rate for tractor and
combine operators of state farms
controlled by the Commissariats
for Agriculture, State Farms, and
Supply, of the Soviet Union, were
increased As per cent beginning
with Nov. 1, 1882.
Aside from the general increase
in wages, special bonus payments
were instituted depending on the
length of service. After one year
work on state farm, tractor and
combine operators automatically
get 10 per cent raise, and 5 per
cent is added at the end of the
second and third years.
IMPROVE EFFICIENCY
1t is expected that this measure
Twill help greatly in improving the
deficiency and reducing the turn
over of this group of workers
IOther measures taken towards this
END include the decision to assign
wherever possible, a tractor or ;
combine to one operator who viii
he responsible for the condition o
the machines, and plans to built
additional comfortable dwelling
, for the workers with small strip
lof land for gardens.
The producers news., 1932-12-16
and rich producers at the expense
of the poor and middle producers.
BUYING OF FEED AND
WAREHOUSING 1T

The association requires pay
ment within 80 days on purchases
from it; only in special instances
is this time extended. The poorer
members are thus unable to take
advantage of the refund made by
the association on feed purchases
j at the end of each year. Also
when there is a lot offered at a
favorable price, as when price of
feed is to rise, the poorer members
can buy little if any of it. A
member buying feed from the as
sociation and wishing the associa-
ton to hold it in the warehouse,
must pay for the feed within the
regular time limit. The rich mem
Der can thus buy large amounts of
feed when prices are low where
the member can not.
Grading of eggs is one of the
sorest spots in the association. II
lis a problem which interests each
and every one of the poorer mem
bers. Hardly a meeting goes by
Z in which the question does mo-
come up. At the plants of the as
!. sociation the eggs are sorted ou
into eight different grades. While
the difference In quality, ETC., be
tween the different grades is
: small, yet the difference in pric
: is very considerable. Especially j
: this difference great now betweel
y the three grades of large specials
e and the three grades Of mediums
e about nine cents per dozen. 1
q this respect also the poorer mem
y bers suffer the brunt of the pric
7 difference. Many of the richie
5 members do not grow their ow
e pullets. The poorer members, wit
e hardly an exception, do. Thes
7. richer. members buy the chicken
81 while the poorer members hav'
not the means for this. The latte
s. therefore get a large percentap
or of pullet (small) eggs where ii
r richer members get very few. Ar
he the difference in the price b.
te tween the first three grades (
te large eggs, and the next three. Il
v mediums. is the greatest now whe
in the prices Of eggs are the highes
he while at other seasons of the ye'
J. this price difference is compar
ge lively slight.
The producers news., 1932-12-16
INCREASE IN HOG
RAISING IN SOVIET
COLLECTIVE FARMS

In the past year there has been
a considerable growth in the net
work of Russian collective farms
devoted to raising hogs for the
market. Whereas on August 1,
1881 there were 9.648 such farms
with a total of 100000 hogs, at
the beginning Of the current year
the number of farms had doubled
and the number of hogs almost
trebled. the respective figures
being 1905 farms and 2,115,S
hogs. By the first of August Of
this year there was. still further
growth to 26,105 farms with 2,
559,400 head of swine.
The producers news., 1932-12-16

mass meeting of all farmers need
ing relief.
w. Government price FIXING
Ca). A price regulating mechan-
ism, controlled by actual cOnsum-
ers and producers, must be imme-
diately set up whose function shall
be to reduce prices to consumers
and raise prices for all farm pro-
ducts sold. This adjustment to be
made by deduction from the swOl-
len profits of the middlemen.
V. Credit (a). The enactment
of legislation which win provide
production credit for all farm fam
lilies so as to insure a basis for
national consumption at normal
levels.
(b). The defeat of all proposals
and the repeal of all legislation IN
force which provides credit only
for we'll to do farmers and cor
porations with collateral.
vi. Debt Holiday-(a). A mora
torium on mortgages, interest, and
!, rents for all farmers whose volume
q of production has until recently
I sustained the farm family at a
. decent standard of living.
y (b). Cancellation of mortgages,
Il interest, feed and seed loans and
:, debts for supplies and furnishing
for farmers whose volume Of pro-
duction and economic unit has al
}. ways been too small to carry the
/ debt load and support the family
d at a minimum health Standard
l. Marginal farmers, share cropperI
le and others).
n (c). Cancellation of back farm
a taxes and moratorium on future
taxes during the crisis.
s. VII. No. Evictions-During thi
IS national crisis Congress must de
be clare all foreclosures, seizures o
n property and evictions Illegal.
to We farmers have no collatera
on but we represent the majority c
he the farm population. We have
last been forced to organize an
or present to this Congress our fin;
ief demands. If our duly elected n;
is tional representatives and senator
M fail as did the local, county ar
or state authorities, then we pledS
a ourselves to protect our fello
. farmers from suffering and the
families from social disintegratit
by our united action.
Accepted by the Farmers Natio
al Relief Conference, in Sessi
Washington, d. c., Dec. 8, 49,
Certified as correct copy
LEM HARRIS, Elk. S
Chairman of Conferen,
The producers news., 1932-12-16
FARM TAXES TWICE
AS HIGH AS IN 1913
Reduced Prices Causes Inability to Pay

Studies of farm taxes made public by the U. S. De-
partment of Agriculture show that while taxes farm
real estate in 70 per cent lower than they
were in $780, yet the general level is than twice
high as it was in 1913.
For 1880 taxes per acre averaged 66 cents COM
pared with 81 cents in 1929 and II cents in 1913.
Taxes Really Higher
While taxes per acre have been declining this does
not that the burden has been ghtened, it is
admitted in the report Heavy reductions in prices have
actually made the burden than three times heavy
during the period of falling taxes.
The number of small and middle farmers who are
able to meet their tax burdens is small be prac
tcaly non-exsent Even if far lower these
farmers would be unable pay them Their only reie
in exemption of advocated by the United Farm
ers League.
The producers news., 1932-12-16

/
cussed and voted upon, but the
final decision rests with the board
of directors.
HOW DOES 1T WORK OUT
The question we are especially
interested in in this connection is:
How does this cooperation between
the large and rich producers on
the one hand, and the poor and
middle producers on the other
work out in practice.
AS we have already noted, both
the egg and feed departments of
the association issue certificates
which draw interest at the rate of
six per cent per year. The rich
member buys up large amounts of
these certificates (ofter at dis
county in addition to those he gets
from his egg deliveries and feed
purchases. Since the interest on
the certificates (like all other ex-
penses) is charged to the produc-
ers, the interest, plus the profit
: from the discount, comes from the
backs of the middle and poor pro-
/ ducers. In this connection we must
note the attempts of certain mem
+ bers of the association at the meet
4 ing of the Petaluma local las
r September, to put through a mo
e tion to raise the capital stock o.
: both the feed and egg depart
!. ments by $25O,0O0 each. though a
e the secretary was obliged to ad
t NIT this increase was not neces
I sary for the operation of the bust
ness of the association. Obviousl
, the purpose was to raise tn
l. amount of the stock so that thos
70 who have money could invest it i
)" the association certificates to draV
n the six per cent interest, which O
ID course would add to the expense
le charged from the membership, tn
2, losers being the poor and middl
o producer members. Bankc are pay
s, ing less than six per cent intere'
rs on deposits.
IN The method of voting on que
Or tions of the association, as fl
n. the board of directors, is so a
is ranged that it gives control to Il
ut large producers. There is one vo'
a per member with an additional vo
y. for each 1000 dozen eggs deli
IS cred to the association. This is
70 line with the entire policy of Il
ay association; dominance and cor
he troll Of the association by the lar
The producers news., 1932-12-16
JOBLESS TO FARM
OLD LANDS WHICH
FARMERS VACATED

Atlanta, Ga.-According to May
or Keys plans, more than 1000
starving families will be sent to
farms this month. More than 400
such families have already left.
There are $4,000 empty farms in
this state from which starving
farmers were either evicted or had
to leave in search of work.
The producers news., 1932-12-16
DAIRY FARMERS TO
FIGHT FOR SIPS
PER CWT. ON MILK

Cleveland. Ohio-Dairy farm
ers in two downstate sections have
diverted their milk supply from
Cleveland as a protest against the
prices being paid to them by the
Cleveland creameries.
The farmers have threatened to
strike unless the creameries agree
The producers news., 1932-12-16
WILL REFUSE TO
PAY DEBTS UNTIL
CORN BRINGS Soc

Logan, Iowa, Nov. 3O.-Farmers
belonging to the Harrison County
Farmers Holiday Association will
refuse to ay their dues until
corn is worth 60 cents bushel and
prices on other farm products have
risen proportionately.
A resolution regarding debts
contracted by farmers when prices
were high and before their savings
were wiped out by low prices and
bank failures was passed at re
cent meeting of the Holiday Asso'
citation. It reads:
'We refuse to pay our Obliga-
tiOhs, both public and private,
until such time as corn is worth
so cents a bushel (Which is the
price suggested by Governor Dan
Turner) and other crops accord
ingly.
eve do not wish to repudiate
our debts, but viii gladly iqui-
date them according to the
above resolution"
to pay $1.25 a hundredweight, IL
-
The producers news., 1932-12-16
GIVES PRIZES FOR WHEAT

Rome, Italy, Dec. 5.-MussOlini
gave 100000 in prizes at a recent
agricultural exposition to wheat
growers. The Italian government
is making every effort to bring
wheat production to the level of
consumption in her ''battle of
wheat" The Italian government
realizes that in the impending
world conflict it will surely be de-
feated if it has to depend on other
countries for its bread.
The producers news., 1932-12-16
PERMANENT CRISIS

We declare that this country is
in the throes of a permanent farm
crisis which threatens US with de-
gradation and poverty unless we
enforce abrupt changes In our eco
nomic setups. We declare that
such an emergency can be met
only by putting into effect the fol-
lowing demands which must be
considered as a whole. We ask
Congress to suspend its rules and
to permit the delegation from the
Farmers National Relief Confer
ence to read these demands on the
floor Of Congress and that Con-
gress shall Immediately proceed to
the enactment of emergency legis-
lation on the basis of these de-
mands.
= SEVEN DEMANDS
We demand:
1. Federal Cash Relief-(a). TX
raise all rural families to a mini
mum health and decency STANDARD
lof living, a minimum fund O.
$500, 600, 900 must be appropriate
Immediately for the relief of tina
section of the distressed farr
. population in need of immediate
relief, regardless of race, color Q
; creed.
II. Federal Relief in Kinda
! Food products and supplies neel
! ed for relief of city unemploye
.. should be purchased by the FeC
: eral government directly from IL
farmers at a price which will Il
sure the cost of production plus
, decent standard of living.
$ (b) The processing and tran
r. portation of these food product
= and ether relief supplies shall
IS regulated by the federal Cover
n ment so as to prevent profits
p the food trusts and transportati
le companies during the period of t
J. economic crisis.
IS III. Administration of Relief +
Of Farmers-(a). Federal cash rel
& and relief in kind to be admin
i'd tered by local committees of far
eff ers in each township precinct
g. other local units, selected by
The producers news., 1932-12-16

cred wagon, this time eastward, to
demonstrate once more that the
farmer is alive, is not slave to
the insurance companies and the
bankers and that the gray paw
that would strangle him, may yet
be netted and caught by a power
stronger than itself!
The producers news., 1932-12-16
Small Farmer In Big Poultry Cooperative
UNFAIR EGG GRADING

In addition there are instances
where the grades given in the as
sociation to the producer, dropped
very greatly in the course of only
"a few days. While nobody wishes
to argue that the quality, size, etc.
of eggs does not vary some from
day to day even from the same
flock of hens under as nearly the
same circumstances and conditions
as it is possible to make them,
however, a reasonably careful pro-
ducer will note the changes es-
pecially when great. So when, as
in one case that we know of with
in the space of four or five days
the specials dropped from around
ten dozen specials per case to
about two and three, then there
lis reason for investigation. The
sprdoucer in question then took two
leases of the usual run of eggs tc
the association plant and had then
lgraded in his presence, and the re-
Isult was that the two cases yielded
thirty and one half (301s) dozen!
of special and have since continued
|. Iaround ten to twelve dozens to
the case. 1t is certain that this il
mot the only instance of its kind
Though it may be one of the mos
: outstanding ones.
=, CLEAN EGGS BY HAND
{ Most of the poor and middle
: producers clean the eggs, that is
t they sandpaper the dirt spots of
E the shells. This is a tedious jo
: requiring very considerable
amount of time. The poorer men
e bers are forced to clean the egg
S in order to get few more cent
n per dozen which they would M
J, get would they not clean them
J, They clean them by hand despit
n the fact that the association hs
+ egg cleaning machines at tt
e plants, but to use them the pr,
II ducer loses more than if he clear
n the eggs by hand.
h All expenses of marketing, pacl
ie ing, shipping, administration, Ia
IS interest, etc, are charged from Il
e producers. Therefore, so long
er the supply of eggs on the mark
'e remains such that the averal
le price for the year does not ia
I'd below the cost of production f
e the large masses of average pr
of ducers and these do not becom
ne bankrunt, the association can 7
IN main in a sound position financi;
= ly. The leaders of the associate
~ boast that it is the strongest c
IT operative in the u. S. 1t is Gle
a. that under the present arrang
ment it can continue to be so