davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1932-04-04

Ito Be Continued on Wednesday,
Evening star., 1932-02-25

filling the vacancy caused by the custer
the Governor will not go any further in
the direction Of antagonizing Tammany
Hall. If he can find q worthy man en-
Leader CuTy's list. a man who is likely
to be at least moderate in his wonder
box" financing, he will probably appoint
him.
The custer Of Farley was expected.
There were certain political exigencies
that required the sacrifice. Sheriff Tom
had Just been unlucky enough TO draw
the focus Of public notice upon that
bottomless tin box of his, and it really
could not be expected that the Gov
ernor, with O presidential campaign at
hand in which he is keenly concerned
would spare him the pain of parting
with the sources Of supply. But was it
required that the Governor should go
so far as to lay down the postulate of
integrity for office holders that placed
the burden Of proof Of honesty upon
the accused? That Is what is graveling
the sachems Of Tammany, and while
they may accept the dismissal as one
of the chances Of politics that must be-
taken, they are reported to be hotly in
dignant at the Governors preachment
Of purity for all who hold public place
Evening star., 1932-02-25
Daniel Willard Wins
Praise for Diplomacy
From the Baltimore Sun.

From the Baltimore Sun.
In an account of the meeting of rail-
road presidents held in New York re-
Gently to receive the formal report on
the wage negotiation in Chicago the
statement was made that the diplomacy
of Daniel Willard, president of the Bal
timore & Ohio, alone prevented disrup
ton of the wage conference. Similar
intimations came more than once while
the negotiations were under way.
The choice of Mr.. Willard as chair
man of the Rail Executives Committee
was due. as was generally recognized. to
his demonstrated skill in handling dis
puted issues, in consideration of which
bruSque attitude and inability to see
more than one side of the shield are
quite certain to prevent agreement.
And Mr.. Willard had one other strong
asset in the confidence of labor in his
fairness. as had long been shown in the
management of the B. & o.
There are hot-headed railroad execu-
tives as well as hot-headed labor lead
ers. and conference to settle the vex-
ing questions which had to be dealt
with in Chicago was calculated to put
tempers on edge. To the extent that
Mr.. willard aided in keeping them un-
ruffied and in fostering a conciliatory
attitude he performed a service of out
stanGing value to the railroads, tc their
employees and to the public.
Evening star., 1932-02-25
SHOOTING STARS.
BY PHILANDER JOHNSON.

More Advice.
The duty now appears to be,
OF every man mature,
To lecture youth and bid it see
A future all secure.
Youth must be bold to blaze a way
From ancient ways apart
And yet. when starting things, I'll say
BE Careful What You Start"
Yours Is the privilege to ride
Where once your grandsires trudged,
Or even in the Heavens wide,
Where old 'uns never budged.
It's wonderful what you can do,
With all this modern artl
And yet, friend youth, say to you
BE Careful What You Start"
Mans ancient hopes and fears survive
In this enchanted age.
Do not believe you can contrive
To write on h1story's page
A little story Of your own
All glorious and smart.
Great disappointments still are known.
Be Careful What You Start.
II, as a singer, OF the key
Your first note should be found
AL Of the song will surely bs
OF discordant sound.
The first mistake will oft awake
Regret to chill your heart.
Be true to what you undertakel
Be Careful What You Start!
Evening star., 1932-02-25
"Bootlegged" Gasoline.

While Virginia is proposing the color
full resort to border patrols" TO pre-
vent the bootlegging of untaxed gaso-
line into the State from the District.
we have q small problem OF the same
sort on our hands here in Washington
that is now receiving the attention Of
the District assessor Representatives
OF Oil companies contend that large
quantities Of gasoline are shipped over
the river from the District TO Virginia
and sold in that State without paying
the gas tax. For some time there have
been charges that gasoline, In unde-
termined amounts. is being sold in
the District without paying the tax.
The District collects the gasoline tax
from the importers. AS all of the i'm
porters are listed at the District Build
ing, 1t should be q relatively small
matter to institute q careful check and
It should be q relatively simple matter
to prevent any evasion of the tax. The
large, established companies which i'm
port gasoline and which distribute the
greater portion Of it here are almost
automatically removed from suspicion
because Of the simple fact that they
have nothing to gain by tax evasion
and, If apprehended in such an act.
stand to lose a great deal more than
the $500 fine. For them the gasoline
tax amounts to q bookkeeping trans
action, as they merely serve as COL
lecting agents for the District and pass
the cost directly to consumers, to whom
they sell the gasoline at an established
price. A careful investigation of the
small number of independent importers
should reveal at once whether there
Is any evasion Of the tax on their
part. Suspicion has been directed to-
ward the street venders of gasoline,
but these are required to have evidence
showing the source of their gasoline
purchase and receipts for payment of
the gas tax, and frequent inspections
Of such credentials have shown that
they pay a gasoline tax
One Of the greatest factors account
ing for the popularity Of the gasoline
tax as q means of raising revenue has
been the ease with which the tax is
collected. If there is any evasion of
this tax in the District, it must be
small. The amount Of actual evasion
is therefore. Of less importance than the
assurance, on the part Of the tax COL
lectors, that they now possess adequate
regulation over the Importation of
gasoline and are familiar with all of
the channels Of trade In the District
through which 1t flows.
Evening star., 1932-02-25
Arlington County's Difficulties.

Stockholders In a commercial enter
prise that collected and spent $625, 900
Of their money annually would, as one
Of the obviously necessary precautions,
require some system of regular auditing
at frequent intervals to guarantee, at
least, that the books were being kept
correctly and that there was at all times
available statement Of accounts and
balances. One Of the interesting dis
closures In connection with Arlington
County's financial difficulties is that
the books have not been audited by the
county for four years, and that the
most recent State audit was eighteen
months ago. While there is apparently
shortage Of county funds, there is no
explanation of the reasons for the short
age, and the county faces the prospect
Of having to borrow 100000 before
March l or accept the alternative Of
curtailing school work and other i'm
portant county functions.
The adoption by Arlington County
voters Of the county manager form of
government. which took effect at the
first Of the year, was in recognition of
the fact that the old county form of
government as now existing In the Ma
ton has become antiquated and made
quate in the light Of modern conditions.
There is a growing tendency to look
upon government, even in the smaller
political units. as a business enterprise
that needs the close and constant at
tention Of trained executives. And
when taxpayers exercise the same dill
gent control over their tax money that
most Of them, as private individuals,
exercise over personal funds invested
in business or other property, there will
be fewer such difficulties OF the sort
now faced by Arlington County.
Evening star., 1932-02-25
''VOlunteer7 Cotton
Nav Beat Weevils

From the San Antonio Evening News.
Many Texas farmers are planning to
produce a cotton crop on last years
stalks. Because of abundant Winter
rains and the absence of frost, plants In
numerous fields are growing green and
some are blooming. Ordinarily the old
stalks would have been plowed under
to lessen the boil weevils, but wet
weather has kept most farmers out Of
the fields. Insects probably will be
more numerous than the average, but
the Winter has been so mild that plow-
ing would not have reduced them great
ly. Cultivating the volunteer" cotton
will have one advantage-perhaps the
bolls will mature before the bugs re-
appear in destructive hosts.
Growing early cotton from the old
stalks was a regular industry along the
Texas Gulf Coast until the process was
found to favor the weevilS multiplca-
ton. This method speeds up the
harvest by several weeks, of course. 1t
is recalled that by such means an en-
terprising Duval County farmer took
first-bale premium for several seasons
until the exchanges ruled volunteer cot
ton out of the competition. Though
some planters assert that such farming
will not violate the acreage-reduction
law, it will not release them from a
moral-and economic-obligation to
grow cotton on but 80 per cent of their
land.
Evening star., 1932-02-25

Yu Hsiang are far from being friends.
They have fought several wars. Feng
recently went down to Shanghai from
his northern retreat to be on hand In
the event of something happening to
Chang Kai Sl1ek, who had gone ION
vacation" to his home province, to
cause his definite custer from the
government. Then came the japanese
invasion. Feng merged into the back
ground OF military personalities and did
not appear in any conspicuous role.
This Nanking dispatch would seem to
indicate that Chang and Feng are not
going to work together on the same
front. There Is really not room enough
for them in the same military organiza-
ton. II Chang goes north to command
force to recapture Manchuria there
will be a chance for Feng, who is q
capable military commander, to demon
strate his quality on tho more impor-
tant front. If Chang can effect the
recovery Of Manchuria-presumably
with the forces which are now COM
manded by the incompetent Chang
Hsueh Liang, former marshal Of Man
churia and still by title generalissimo
Of the Northern Army OF China-and
If Feng can drive the japanese out OF
Shanghai, then indeed will there be q
chance for a grand finale Of the
Chiang-Feng feud. There are, how
ever, good many "ifs" in the matter,
chief Of which is that which pertains
to the authenticity Of the Marking
news itself.
Evening star., 1932-02-25
The Wonder-Box Sheriff Ousted.

Gov. Roosevelt Of New York has dis
missed Sheriff Farley Of New York
County upon one of the charges brought
by Counsel Seabury of the State Legis-
lative Investigating Committee. That
charge was that the sheriff had failed
to explain satisfactorily the source of
his large bank deposits, far in excess
OF his salary. The Governor refused
TO consider other charges, that gambling
had been carried on at the sheriff S
district club, that the sheriff had re,
fused TO testify at a private hearing
before q subcommittee. He expressed
regret that the sheriff had retained
interest on funds which were in his
oficiAl custody, but held that this did
had been a long standing practice and
legislation was required to forbid it. But
on the point Of the sheriff's wealth, in
great excess Of his salary and other
known legitimate income, the Governor
held to the position which he outlined
the other day in his examination Of the
accused ofacer, that a public official
must be ready to prove his personal
as well as his Official honesty
So the sheriff goes out and in a few
days the Governor will nominate and
the State Senate will probably confirm
another sheriff. Already Leader Curry
OF Tammany is going ever a list OF
names to be submitted to the Governor
asr bis selection. 1t Is expected that In
Evening star., 1932-02-25
GENEVA OBSERVATIONS
BY FREDERIC WILLIAM VILE.

conference. Miss Lillian C.. Wall. who
Is secretary to Brig. Gen. George S.
SimondS and his staff Of experts, was
sent to Hawaii for the joint Army and
Navy maneuverS in 1925, and was here
at the preparatory commission for the
present Geneva Conference in 1927.
Miss Marie L. Baker, secretary to Rear
Admiral Arthur j. Hepburn and his
staff, attended the London Naval Con-
ference in a similar capacity two years
ago. The State Department secre-
taries are Mrs. Margaret F. Conover.
Miss Mary L. barley, Mrs. Hazel H.
Roberts. Miss Margaret Swanson. Mrs.
Ruth K. Wales and Mrs. Albena H.
Wilcox.
Conference wiSecrackS Americans are
referring to our delegation as 'the Glib
son girls" or the Woolley lambs. y
France, tits said, will sign an agreement
at Geneva only II it contains a clause
granting her most pampered nation"
rights. Litvinoff, who speaks in the
accents OF London's Whitechapel where
he lived as a Russian exile, once took
a sideswipe at Lord Cecil in a League
Council meeting. II will be glad to
reply to the Soviet representative, said
the angular Briton, "as soon as his
remarks have been translated into Eng
hsh." Litvinoff always addresses the
Disarmament Conference in English.
4 ~
One Of the most useful Jobs being
done at Geneva stands to the credit Of
the Disarmament Committee of the
Christian International Organizations
This is a body set up early this year
for the purpose Of co-ordinating and
strengthening the work of Christian
groups during the conference and Civ
ing expression to the Christian view
point on problems under discussion.
The most striking activity of the COM
mittee, which is headed by Bertram
Pickard as chairman, is a series of daily
commentaries upon conference proceed
ings by w. Arnold-ForSter, we'll known
authority on disarmament. He is the
son of Right Hon. H. o. Arnold
Forster, former secretary to the British
admiralty and thereafter war minister
in the Balfour cabinet of 1904-5.
Another committee activity is the daily
intercesSion service in the American
Parish Church, in which other churches,
both local and foreign, are cooperating
Copyright, 1922
Evening star., 1932-02-25
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN.

nary men could hardly have raised fIosS
the ground"
O. What letter is used most as a.
initial?-T. H
A., The letter s. The proportionI><,
frequency of its use as compared VIII
the least used, X, is l,ls4 to 4.
@. What is bimetallism?-A. NJ
A. It Is the concurrent use OF two
metals usually gold and silver, as the
legal monetary standard Of a country
at fixed relative value, both met.
being legal sender and being subject
TO free and unlimited coinage.
@. How much Of the earth Is inhab-
itable?-R. B.
A. Scientists estimate that 40 per
cent Of the land area of the earth is
desert. 80 per cent is cultivable, and 80
forest, waste and high mountains.
There IS no agreement as to the exact
portion that Is inhabitable.
@. How do you convert Fahrenheit
scale to Centigrade?-B. N. NJ,
A. Subtract 80 and multiply by fve-
ninths.
Q. Was King Albert of Belgium the
flrst reigning sovereign to visit this
country?-P. OBJ.
A. Many newspaper and periodical
accounts of the visit of King Albert OF
Belgium to the United States in Octo-
Der, 1919, make the statement that this
was the first time that a reigning SOW
ereign had ever visited the United
States However. Dom Pedro IL En-
peror Of Brazil, attended the Philadel-
phia Centennial Exposition, in 1876.
Although ne came as private individ-
ual, he was still Emperor at that time
as he did not abdicate until 1889.
@. How many professional nurses are
A. The Committee on the Grading
Of Nurses Schools says that on Janu-
ary /, 1882. there were 233 805 nurses
in the profession.
@. What is meant by floating
horses teeth"?-R. N.
A. Floating Is IN this sense syno-
nym for filing.
@. Did Roosevelt give William How
ard Taft his first appointment in the
Philippines?-J. X.
A. Taft went to the islands as pres
ident of the second Philippine COM
mission in 1900 under Mckinley and
was occupying that post when Roose-
VelC became HTeSlQenC III lSUl.
@. What became Of the redwood
stump that was in the grounds Of the
Department Of Agriculture IN WASH
ington?-C. A. c.
A. This Is the stump Of a giant red
wood tree. 1t has been removed 10 Ar
lington Farms Va. The stump was drst
exhibited at the Columbian Exposition
in Chicago.
@. When were public evening school
started?-C. z. S.
A, Louisville, KY, was one Of the
first cities TO experiment with them.
In November, 1884, a small public eve
ming school was opened. In 1888 In
New York some evening schools were
opened which were free in one sense,
but not exactly public. For this rea-
son the credit Is given to Louisville.
@. What was the Government reve-
nue. from tobacco last year?-J. j. j.
A. The internal revenue from to-
bacco for the fiscal year 1881 was
$444, ,276,o0o.
@. What does D. o. NJ. stand for?-
T. D.
A. 1t stands for Deo Optimo Maxine,
meaning To God, the Best, the Great
est.
Evening star., 1932-02-25
An Indirect Note to Japan.

Secretary Stimson's letter to Senator
Borah outlining the policy Of the United
States in regard to Japan's aggression
upon China is not to be catalogued as
q state paper, and yet 1t will 60 on the
records of this lamentable development
in Asia as an important definition
While addressed simply to an mdivld-
ual American, who Is incidentally the
chairman of the Foreign Relations
Committee Of the Senate, it Is in effect
addressed to the governments Of Eu-
rope, parties to certain treaties affect
ing the Far East and especially to the
Asiatic powers now in conflict.
The Secretary Of State, through the
medium of this letter, notifies Japan
that in the opinion OF the United
States her forces in China are violat-
ing treaties made with this Govern
ment and with other powers. He calls
to the attention Of Japan the fact that
anv modification Of the nine-power
treaty. which developed from the WASH
tnRton Conference of 1929, whether
It is effected by conference or by Wo-
lative acts committed at Shanghai
leaves the United States free to recede
from its naval and Notifications agree
ment with Japan. Furthermore, the
Secretary of State virtually invites
those governments which are to meet
in the League Assembly March 3 to
take the position now occupied by the
United States, and he predicts that the
moral force Of world opinion will in
effect outlaw Japan and will result in
the restoration to China OF rights and
titles of which she may have been de-
prived.
It may be that this mote" will be
more effective as an admonition than
would q direct statement to Toxic.
That capital has shown a definite
sensitiveness to world opinion. It has
sought to justify Japan's aggressive ac-
ton on the plea of national necessity
1t has urged that China is not prop
erly organized or fully responsible
nation. 1t has with considerable in
Senuity, though without actual ef-
fectiveness, undertaken to obscure the
true sequence Of events at Shanghai
in order to appear to have been the
victim OF Chinese attack. Quite OBJ
viously it does not desire TO occupy the
role Of an aggressor, as breaker Of
treaties. as a seeker for the territory Of
others.
II there is solidarity Of world opinion
against the japanese campaign at
Shanghai-leaving out Of consideration
for the time the matter Of Manchurta,
which is in its own category-the gov
eminent at Toxic will doubtless at once
seek a way to quit a situation which
has become automatically untenable
and which is apparently becoming i'm
possible of military maintenance short
Of war on a grand scale. In all likel-
hood Japan would welcome proposal
OF adjudication that would enable her
to withdraw her forces from the
Shanghai area without confession OF
either diplomatic or military blunder-
ing
Evening star., 1932-02-25
Chang and Feng.

As side light on the state of war"
in China comes a dispatch from Nam
king to the effect that it is expected
that Chang Kai Shek Will be named
commander of the army that is to be
organized TO drive the japanese out of
Manchuria, while Feng Yu Hsiang is
to command the army that is to drive
the japanese out of the Shanghai
area. If this is true-and it is not at
once to be accepted as fact-a most
interesting and significant change has
come about at the seat OF government
in China. Chang Kai Shek and Feng
Evening star., 1932-02-25
When Japan behaved with 50 muc

When Japan behaved with 50 much
severity toward the American aviators
who took photographs, she had more
on her mind than the world In general
suspected. The incident was attributed
to the sensitiveness Of a proud nation
accustomed to rigid observance Of for
malities. The resentment now appears
to have been founded on entirely prac-
tical considerations, and the politeness
with which it was finally adjusted was
reminder that while poker as a card
game belongs to the New World, the
poker face" has a place in Oriental
civilizations earliest antiquity.
Evening star., 1932-02-25
Public Commends Congress
For Defeat of Federal Dole

employment with that sum of money
would be like trying to relieve drouth-
stricken bonanza wheat farm with one
of those silly little instruments which
people hopefully use to spray their
throats."
Looking forward to further possible
efforts, the Springfield (Mass) Repub-
lican remarks: Every Senator who
spoke in opposition to the bill qualified
his opposition with the pledge that he
would vote for direct Federal relief the
moment the necessity for it had come.
Senator Reed of Pennsylvania in par
ticular was explicit in taking that posi-
ton. Even Senator FeSS, who more
than any other Senator argued in op-
position on the basis of principle, ad-
mitted that as a last resort there could
be no escape from direct Federal ap-
propriationS for relief purposes"
The Dayton Daily News, quoting ref
erences to the enterprise as q dole"
suggests: 1T is. Of course, no more
of a dole than the local relief which
President Hoover and Senator FeSs
favor. 1t is mere extension of the
dole principle to the National Govern
ment. Because the National Govern
ment is so far from home, its levies
so easily made, many citizen who is
not in the least hard of heart breads
the beginning of such a thing"
Evening star., 1932-02-25
Federal Regulation
OF Trucks Favored
From the Texarkana Gazette.


The Couzens bill to place motor buses
and trucks under Federal control. just
as the railroads are controlled by the
Interstate Commerce Commission, seems
to be drawing forth some interesting
testimony.
Leo j. Flynn, examiner for the coE.S-
mission. told a Senate committee the
other day that trucks displaced NOR
than 10000 freight cars in 1930.in tbs
movement Of live stock alone. MeditaeS
on that figure for moment and yo<
can easily understand why the railroads
have been having a hard time lately.
That, of course, does not mean that
trucks and busses ought to be abolished
for the sake of the railroads. II does
seem to indicate though, that the rail-
roads competitors ought to come under
the same sort of regulation that applies
to the railroads.