davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Chapel Hill weekly., 1932-01-22

Advertise IN the Weekly rOoms s
and apartments for rent or
a0amted, articles to bury or sell,
lost and found, etc.
The Chapel Hill weekly., 1932-01-22
r. r. Best Stricken

R. R. Best suffered a slight
stroke of paralysis last week and
is confined to his bed at the home
of his son, T. E. Best
The Chapel Hill weekly., 1932-01-22
Loan Fund Increase
Is University Need
Continued from first pa0el

III WIllClI SluOtltt iool4 1HAiN.1
have been established here bene-
factors have donated S42,694 to
be loaned 10 students These
same funds now aggregate S108,
513.63, the borrowers having
more than doubled the fund.
8. Other donations totalllng
s3l. 500 have been made with re-
strictions Of various kinds which
affect their rate Of increase.
These funds now stand at SOS
574.99
4. Another fund which can
not be classified from this point
Of view stands at S26, ,232 u Of
which approximately half has
been created from interest paid
by borrowers.
The grand total Of student loan
funds is at present $212,700.29.
OF this amount previous borrow
ers have contributed through in
terest payment. more than $ll5,-
O00
The loan funds now hold 1922
student notes to the amount Of
$182. 10000
How much Of this paper is col
lectiblc?
The University auditor esti-
mates the total amount uncoI-
lectibIe at not more than ~.
Collections during 1891 were bet
ter than during 1890.
The Harmon Foundation in
New York, established to assist
students in American inStltu-
tions and to demonstrate the
soundness Of student credit, re-
pcrts. after having made $538.-
220 in loans to students over
the whole country in the last
seven years, that repayments are
ahead Of schedule.
Commercial credit agencies
estimate the delinquency rate in
the small loan business at 2%l
The Harmon Foundation has
advocated for seven years the in
Vestment Of college endOWments
in student loan notes The re
cent experience Of universities
having cndoWmentS IN railroad
bonds has rc-emphaSlZed' the
comparative stability of student
loans. In one instance recently
an endowment was set up to
maintain an educational benev0l-
ence and the trustees Of the pro
lect rejected student loans as an
investment Within the year the
securities" chosen in prefer
ence to student loans have
shrunk by one-third Of their
value.
Does the University have
sufficient loan funds?
The University's funds are in
sufficient by far to meet normal
requirements. The average rate
of repayment of educational
loans is six years. This rate al
lows the University to expect in
normal years $4,000 for loans.
For many years this was more
than sufficient. But board went
from So to $40, room from So
to So, tuition and fees increased,
while enrolment mounted from
800 to $500. The average an
nual amount loaned during the
past eight years is $4,000; last
year it was $1,000. Without
this aid last year a reduced en-
rollment, entailing a severe re-
duction in the University budget,
would have been the inevitable
outcome of the nationwide de-
preston. The extent of the
lending in 1881 was made pos
sible through the addition to the
loan funds of $4,000 by the
Alumni Loyalty Fund Council.
How much do the loan funds
need at present?
The Chapel Hill weekly., 1932-01-22

obedient, started down the street
toward the rectory. Along came
Officer Rackley and took him
captive.
The Chapel Hill weekly., 1932-01-22
Bird Life
Feathered Creatures. Like Us, Have
Their Periods of Depression

The continued mild weather
this month has apparently
fooled some Of the birds into
thinking that spring has come :;
at least, 50 it would seem from
the volume Of song
This season Of the year or
dinarily brings low ebb in
song. It is usually about the end
Of February when many birds
begin adjusting and tuning their
vocal chords in earnest The
sprinq-like weather in the last
several weeks, which has actual
~ tempted some Of the early
spring shrubs and flowers into
blooming. has also caused the
birds to blossom out into song.
However, the underlying cause
is not that the birds actually
think that spring is here; more
likely, their singing is the re
suit Of the combination of a
stomach full Of food and a nice
warm day
Among the birds that have
been singing ahead Of schedule
time are robins, bluebirds, car
dinalS, chickadees, purple finch
es, snowbirds, white-breasted
nut-hatches, field-song, white
'throated sparroWs, and pine
Warblers. The last two species
sing some in winter, but not to
the extent that they have sung
this month. Then there is the
Carolina wren that sings Justify
all the year around no weather
can dampen his spirits.
The song periods of different
species, and also the relation Of
singing to temperature and light
intensity, are fields Of study in
which not a great deal has been
done
The fine crop Of berries has
made this winter, locally at least,
a winter Of prosperity in the
bird world. However, the birds
are subject to depressionS and
cuts Just as people are. Every
once in while an ice blizzard
or d snoW-stOrm comes along and
turns their food into frozen as
sets. This is followed by unem-
ployment and starvation. Large
numbers of birds troop to what
human-operated bread lines
there are, and many die In the
more northern latitudes every
winter is more or less a time Of
depression for the few birds that
stick it out. Feeding stations
there may save many birds from
starvation.
Old Man Drought or another
one of natures cycles may also
at any time take out a 10 or 20
per cent cut on the coming berry
crop.
One of the most famous bird
depressions was in the year
1895 when an ice blizzard COW
cred the eastern United States.
Bluebirds were said to be the
worst sufferers; thousands of
them perished. 1t was some
years before they regained their
former numbers.-E.P.O.
The daily worker., 1932-08-19
"The American Farmer"
Neav Pamphlet on Agrarian Situation

time contrasting the conditions of
the farmers here with those in the
Soviet Union.
What is in store for the poor
farmers Of our country? The "re-
lief" plans of the Farmers Union?
The "plowing under" or destruc-
ton of their crops? The writer
proves how futile such plans are,
showing that despite large crop
destruction last year. prices con-
tinued to fall
Since this is the first pamphlet
dealing with farmers, it gives a
general picture of the situation. OF
course, everything dealt with can be
merely general view. But it
serves as a starting point which
must be reinforced. Here pro-
gram or way out" for the farmer
is merely suggested. This must be
followed up with something more
definite. The necessity for the or
ganization of farmers is clearly
brought forward-the necessity for
bringing together of workers and
farmers. "The American Farmer"
shows the city workers that they
can have a necessary ally--if they
will devote much time and en-
ergy to the winning of the farmers
Gas has been done to come extent
in North Dakota and Minnesota)
for the common fight against the
bosses. s..a..1...A--...- . = -
The daily worker., 1932-08-19
Formers Are Beginning
to Fight


N farmers also are beginning to fight This was already m shown in % the
Bonus March TINS Is the man sgcae @ 1 % e i % f me
ntoabe impossible that large numbers of
opoies packing dairy the elevators
Unemployed workers are helping the farmers to picket the roads Fadl-
The shapest struggles City
prosperous agricultural
the world For several years these farmers have been sinking
cang marketing not speak of the production
months and fed S. worth of
IS commissions
to the market agents. instead Of check Tor 1e cents ne
lbs of milk containing of buter-fat Last
they suffering only these
Formerly predomnanty state the advice
or Inc IN, L1opg & f @ f @ % a % ud versiTed farming Bnt
first brought them
not salvation but more complete ruination . -
these ruined farmers not only in Iowa but throughout eleven
states are gi ans ] o @ he e0 to C R up f b % @ tm % We must
that conhne within the rules
cannot secure any radical Improvement
The movement must rise to higher political eye @ sharpen i Its so-
class So long as this movement keeps itself narrow limits Of the
really require relief in order live must take control OF the movement
unbearable o interest
out the limitation of the socaed strike
ecey decisive n from the workers It would be entirely wrong to
the raising the price Of oodstufs in the city The prices which
city foodus; there which
machinery (bank railroads. terminals pack
marketing of farm
capital which grinding
the time both
direct exo and by monopoly control Of the market
the struggling farmers therefore called
Communist 1t this support also
the connecting
winning
farming for fight realize the point in our Election Platform
represents immediate farmers
throughout the
Emergency Impoverished
the and banks exemption of impoverished farmers from
forced collection of rents and debts
The struggling must cut themselves from those agents of
capital so-cald politicians the
the FaeLbor Party the Socialist Party the Farmers Union etc
policy Wall
when pretends be in opposition They leading
es of action neghborhod and wonshp scale unite these
directing fight and sharply their real
militant of their interests
corporations
expense poor their
the champion
the demands of the impoverished farmers
build united against the
system, the paid the the
prices exoed for food from the the
Workers support
the landlords corporations
capital generally!
broaden struggles unite with the working
the capitalist political parties politicians
platform
9th!
The daily worker., 1932-08-19
THE AMERICAN FARMER. BY
George Anstrom. International
Pamphlet No. %. 10c.
(Reviewed by G. DANIELS)

theVleWeu Dy VI. DANIELS)
This pamphlet begins to fill the
gap of sorely needed working class
literature dealing with the condi-
tons of farmers. Particularly
since this is the first of its kind,
is its material valuable. and is it
necessary for every worker, farmer
and organizer to faniliarize him
self with it's contents.
Why the beet strike of Colorado
in May 1882, at the height of the
thinning season? Why the strug-
gle of Camp Hill, Alabama, result
ing in death and injury to many,
but also victory for the share
croppers? The miserably long
hours and small pay, the terrible
working conditions of the women
and children in the beet fields, who
labor most of the day on their
hands and knees in the cold and
danpness; the semi-serfdom of the.
croppers of the South, and the
additional burden of the Negroes
national oppression, are a few of
the points covered in this book
let.
In this pamphlet the country Is
divided into five great farming
areas-shown very clearly and sim
ply in map-and each region is
dealt with separately. at the same
1saNH
The daily worker., 1932-08-19
The Story of the High Point, N. c., Strike;
Other Struggles and Immediate Tasks

tiating with the manufacturers in
the name of the Central Strike
Committee.
INFLUENCE ON
BRADLEY
This Bradley, a rank and file
worker, immediately began to show
the influence of boss theology. He
continually harped on "coopera-
ton" in his reports to the strik-
ers, and for the sake of peace"
made many concessions to the
manufacturers. Under his urging
the strikers finally consented to
compromise scale of $212h per
hundred dozen hose. This the
manufacturers rejected.
Meanwhile the manufacturers
began to manouver. Proposals for
joint committee of strikers and
manufacturers to investigate wages
in other parts of North Carolina
and Tennessee and adjust wages
accordingly was rejected by the
strikers. On July 81, Fred Height
ly, Federal Labor Conciliator, ar
rived. His proposal to return to
work for So per hundred was also
flatly rejected. The police an
nounced they would provide pro-
The daily worker., 1932-08-19

lection" for all wishing to return
to work. Manufacturers opened
their doors and none returned. Af-
ter almost two weeks of sporadic
picketing held back by Bradley,
Governor Gardner of North Caro-
lima arrived on the scene on July
80. He called a meeting of three
manufacturers and three strikers.
This meeting later announced an
agreement Of a compromise scale
of $210 per hundred dozen of half
hose with the promise" of no more
wage cuts. At a general meeting
of strikers this was accepted over
a small opposition by % mills. One
mill refused to accept the agreed
scale. This was the Adams Mills
Hosiery Mill employing 600. The
workers of this mill repudiated the
Central Strike Committee and are
still out, battling for their original
demands of S2.25.
Tactics of Bosses
The tactics of the mill owners
throughout were to give the work
ers plenty of latitude. They felt
as long as the revolutionary unions
remained out of the strike, they
would be able to keep the strikers
The daily worker., 1932-08-19
(By a Worker Correspondent

SACRAMENTO, Calif.-The Sac
ramento Bee and the Sacramento
Union are now playing up the OPEN
ing of the canneries.
Libby McNeal's cannery here re-
Gently advertized to start. The pap
ers gave 1t a good write up. The
workers were there full of hope. OF
course they didn't expect to earn a
living. They gave up that hope long
ago. But some Of the more optimis-
tic did think that they might get
enough work to keep alive.
Bullied by Police.
The police were there to line them
up and bully them around. The Un-
iversal News Reel was there to take
a moving picture Of this proof OF
prosperity. The nckspittle maidser-
wants Of the prostitute press were
there with their note books and cam
eras to give full publicity.
1t was a wonderful day for every
one save the workers, who stood for
five hours in line in the boiling sun,
and after their pictures were taken
were sent home again as the can
merry decided not to open after all. 1t
seemed that 1t was the picture they
wanted, as they had to have pic
ture Of prosperity. So now you can
read all about sunny California; S
prosperity and even see the movie to
prove it.
8-Hour Law Violated.
Now what about conditions in the
canneries that are supposed to be
runninga In the first place, we have
an eight-hor law and a minimum
wage law Of IS cents an hour here
for women. That is one fine thing
The daily worker., 1932-08-19
Cannery Tricks Workers to
Get Prosperity Pictures
Unemployed Called for Nom Existent Jobs in
Sacramento Plant
Crowds Lured by Advertisement Provide News
Reel With Fake Movies

about Southern California. 1t pro-
tects its women workers-on paper.
How does it work?
In the first place, the women
punch the time clock when they
leave work, but not when they arrive.
The actual time is figured at as
cents an hour, and the starting time
is filled in to make the rate IS cents
This is the theory.
In actual fact, a girl who works 8
hours draws $1.65. But steady work
means every other day, as the work
is staggered, practically all the girls
are on piece work, and those who do
work by the hour are lucky to get
four hours in, as rule they can
make so cents every other day Il
they are lucky, and very fast.
The daily worker., 1932-08-19
Bosses Press Bluffs About
"Pick>Ub" in Textile Mills

scarcely make any impression on
the aggregate figures for the whole
textile industry.
When small plant in Allentown
or Pawtucket takes on hundred
workers it means nothing for the
industry as whole or the hun
dreds of thousands out of jobs for
a year or more. When these plants
closed down by the hundreds no
mention was made in the press.
But when a few of them open up
it is considered front page news
even in the big city papers.
1t should also be noted that most
of the mills that are opening up
are doing so only after they have
bludgeoned their workers into ac-
cepting further wage cuts. The
mills hope by these adjustments"
to land more orders and increase
profits in the cut-throat competi-
ton of the market.
The daily worker., 1932-08-19
(By a Worker Correspondent

DETROIT, Mich.-How the Social
ist Party makes a united front with
bosses against the struggles by work.
ers against the danger of new i'm
perialist war and against armed at
tack on the Soviet Union may best be
seen when the most reactionary
bosses paper here, the Free Press"
carried an announcement that Ken
meth Kneedler, blind Socialist speak
err will talk on unemployment, Mon
day, August l, at the following place
:" etc.
The Socialist leaders in this way
made pitiful attempt as true lack
eys of the ruling class to keep the
workers away from the anti-war
demonstration. The workers who
still synpathize with the Socialist
Party or who carry membership cards
Of this treacherous party, should ask
themselves whose party this is.
The daily worker., 1932-08-19
(By a Worker Correspondent,

NEW YORK. - In the Bulletin Of
the Brooklyn Public Libary of July
an article called Maintaining Ii
brary Service" contains a resolution
of the American Library Association
which reads in part:
"This country has millions OF un-
employed men and women whose
spirit is threatened by idleness and
deadly discouragement. These and
other millions are in greatest need
OF finding in free library service I.
one Of the few opportunities for re-
newing their faith in organized so.s
ciety q. " i q Il X
- y vF5I sy ~ ~ = .sl s-g Wli
The daily worker., 1932-08-19
CBy Labor Research Ass'n.l

The policy of the Hoover hunger
government between now and the
election will be to play up big"
any slight local improvement in in
dustrial activity. This policy of
improvement by headline propa-
ganda has been most noticeable
recently in stories about the textile
industry. AS is customary, thou
sands of firms close down in sum-
mer months while workers have
vacation without pay. When these
mills open up again, as they usu-
ally do after from two to six weeks,
the headlines in the papers this
year are hailing the event as a
major step on the way back to
prosperity"
But even the reports all came
from plants opening up after long
shutdown and as the result of
substantial orders, it is clear that
the items reported to date would
The daily worker., 1932-08-19

buried in the pillow, and said
nothing. Suddenly he turned over,
leaped to his feet and boys were
amazed and yelled, Shut upi"
They looked at his white, nervous
face and blazing eyes. why must
we shut up?" yelled Abe Gross, q
clothing workers kid from New
York. Because you're bunch Of
sissies," yelled Pete. You're not real
Pioners, you're sissies.' This started
a row, for no boy likes to be called
a sissy, and no Pioneer, certainly
allows anyone to tell him he Is not
a real Pioneer. So the boys argued
with Pete, then suddenly Pete
punched Abe Gross and then Ruby
Martin, a Negro comrade from
Harlem, defended Abe, because Abe
was small, and in a few minutes
the tent was like a cage of wild
monkeys. Ruby and Pete punched
each other, while the other boys
yelled and Shrieked. 1t woke the
whole camp, and Comrade Laura
had to come over and separate
them. She put Pete in another
tent for the night and then went
to sleep herself, thinking of his
problem.
The next morning, after break
fast, she took him for a walk to
quiet little spot in the green, cool
wdods. They sat on two Dig stones
by the brook. Pete had his cap
pulled over his eyes, and wouldn't
look at her.
"Comrade Pete" Comrade Laura
began, II know you're not happy at
this camp and I want to find out
why. What is it you don't hke?"
Nothing" Pete muttered,
You mean you hate everything
and everybody here?" the leader
mo"
smiled. q!
What do you mean, them" q
Il wanna go home"
You're homesick, Peta2"
Il don't know he mtttered. It
was hard to make him talk, or
get any sense out of him. For a
moment Comrade Laura, looking at
his understood body and big head,
had the sinking feeling that per-
haps this child was subnormal.
But she went on talking; she tried
to make him understand why it
was important to have Pioneer
camps for workers children, why
kids must become healthy, strong
and intelligent so as to be better
soldiers for proletarian freedom.
She told him about the Soviet
Pioneers, and what they had ac-
complished, and she explained the
rules of the camp, and why there
had to be rules. She rambled on
trying to say anything that might
stimulate him and interest him,
but it was all no good. Pete growled
at her; he wouln't talk At last she
decided to be firm. She brought
up the matter of last nights battle
in the tent.
''Why did you call the other boys
sissies2"
No answer. Pete stared gloomily
at the silver ripples in the little
brook.
do you think good Communist
Pioneer calls his comrades sissies?"
No answer.
"And doesn't good Pioneer CO.
operate with his comrades? Doesn't
he show some interest in the camp
fire meetings, listen to the talks
on Soviet Russia and the revolu-
tion?"
Still no answer Pete pulled his
cap lower, spat, and a hard sneer
tightened his mouth. Con1rade
Laura began to despair when she
saw that look on his face; this
child seemed hopelessly corrupted.
slum product of capitalism.
Concluded Tomorrow
The daily worker., 1932-08-19
Short Story of
Farm Struggles
Begins Monday

Beginning with Mondays issue,
the Daily Worker will publish SER
tally on this page Whitaker Cham
bcrs' short story, CAN YOU HEAR
THEIR VOICES?
This story of the Arkansas
farmers fight for food, originally
published in the New Masses, has
since been translated in various
languages and has been read by
workers In the Soviet Union, Ger
many, France and other countries.
Comrade Chambers story Is espe-
ciaIly timely in view Of the presene
farmers strike In Iows, r4----s
The daily worker., 1932-08-19
A A STORY OF WORKERS CHILDREN
HOMESICK
;, ~,.... COL. PIONEER

TOR the first time in the pioneer
camp, little Peter Semashko
acted like sour old man. He
wouldn't hike, play baseball, go
swimming, or sing around the
campfire. He just lay around on
the grass, in the hot sun, sulking
with his cap over his eyes. When
some one talked to him, he snarled.
When the dinner gong rang, he
rushed to the table, gobbled his
food like an angry wolf, and rushed
off.
The kids noticed all this and
avoided him. Life was too full of
fun to bother with anyone so mean.
He looked queer, too. Pete was IL
years old, but undersized, almost
like dwarf, with a great head
and red Happy ears. His big head
was shaven and there was lump
in the middle of it, like an onion,
and three zigzag scars. The other
kids were tanned by the sun, but
Pete's face was wrinkled and pole.
He had blue fierce eyes, always set
in a frown. Who was he frowning
at Some of the smaller kids got
to fear this silent strange figure.
He certainly was queer.
Laura Wylie, the blonde, lively
office worker who was acting as
Pioneer leader, guessed what was
wrong with little Pete. He was
probably undernourished, starved,
sick. He was one of the strikers
kids from Paterson. Proletarian
kids often acted that way the first
few days in camp; it took time for
them to get adjusted to the shock
of wholesome regular food, pure air
and undistributed sleep. But Pete
was the worst she had seen.
She meant to talk to him, to
snap him out of it, but she was
always feverishly busy, of course,
and there was also something on
her mind. This was Comrade
Laura Wylie's first summer as a
Pioneer leader; the work was new
and worried her. And last week
the national organizer had called
to inspect the camp, and had
criticized her work.
,Comrade Laura Wylie had neg
lected the political and educational
side Of the camp, he said. The
daily readings and talks at the
campfire were not enough. They
were too much like the methods of
the capitalist schools, where every
thing is forced on the children
from above.
She must find some way of trans
lating politics into the children's
language, said the national organi-
zer. She must give them some
group task that would have a re-
volutionary significance, and arouse
their enthusiasm. Life is the best
teacher" said the organizer, "give
them something real, not these con-
tinual lectures"
But what? This question was
always Durrow1ng like a worm
deep in the mind OF the young
leader, while the rest of her mind
was busy managing fifty husky,
noisy workers kids. So Pete was
neglected, and she might have for
gotten him completely, If he had
not gotten into a bad fight.
There were five other boys in the
tent. One night after lights were
out, they lay talking in the dark,
as kids will. The moon was bright
through the open flaps, and
sweeter than any song, came the
smell Of fresh mown hay and the
saving of katydids all the hills.
1t was beautiful night, and the
kids giggled and wrestled, they
we're too happy to sleep.
But Pete lay on his stomach, face