Evening star., 1932-12-19
SOY|E! RELATIONS
WITH CHINA VIEWED
League Of Nations Delegates
and Foreign Offices Study
Restoration.

League OF Nations delegates ana
, foreign offices around the globe are
studying closely the results OF re-
stored relations between China and
Soviet Russia. While Japanese official
spokesmen alone have been free in their
discussion of the situation.
China's new friendliness with Soviet
Russia. to Japanese leaders. is only a
manifestation of what they described
as Chinas historic policy OF playing
one foreign power against another.
But the League of Nations delegates,
who are struggling to reconcile the
differences between Japan and China
in Manchlria. regard it as an added
assurance that Moscow will not grant
recognition to the Manchukuo govern
ment, which would strengthen the posi-
tion of the PuYi independent regime
now recognized only by Japan.
Position Complicated.
Since the war between China and
Japan in 1894 and 1895. the three
cornered contest between Russia. Japan
and China for the supreme position
on the Northern Asiatlc mainland has
been complicated by the aspirations OF
various Western powers to gain strong
foothold on the Pacific.
The Lenin foreign policy. inaugurated
shortly after the BolShvistS gained con-
troll in Russia in 1917. projected new
element into the Far Eastern problem.
His theory was that advanced capt.
talistic nations were able to maintain
high living standards for their working
people because of the exploitation OF
colonies and semi-colonles, and that
world revolution could be effected only
by stirring the nationalism of eastern
countries and cutting off the wealth
they poured into the treasures OF
capitalistic nations. Lenin aimed espe-
cially at Great Britain.
However. it was challenge as wei
to France and Holland With their large
possessions in Asia and the East Indies
And it struck at the trade of Japan. the
United States and other powers which
built up great commerce in China under
treaties which prevented China from
fixing its own tariffs.
Bolshevist Russia also supported the
creation of Soviet republic in China S
outer Mongolia, which gave the Moscow
government buffer state between
Siberia and China and insured Russia
supremacy in that great territory which
Czaristic Russia always had claimed as
q special zone Of influence.
China Offended.
China was so offended by this step OF
the Soviet Union in Mongolia that Mos
COW was unable to establish diplomatic
relations with China until 1924. Soviet
Russia scrapped all the unequal treaties
which the CZaristic government had
with China and abandoned concessions
and all sorts Of extraterritorial rights
But in 1927, after the Nationalist
had established themselves in Marking
and overthrown the Pieping govern
ment, the conservative elements in the
Marking government became alarmed
at the spread of Communism among
the Chinese. They broke off relations
with Moscow and expelled Russians who
had assisted In the political and military
organization which had enabled the
leaders Of Southern China to defeat the
Peiping regime and move the capital
to Marking.
Sun Yat-Sen and many of his asso-
ciates in the Nationalist movement
which promised to rule China In the
interest Of the masses, said frankly that
they accepted help from Russians be-
cause they could not get it elsewhere
But Chang Kai-Shek and the less
radical advisers with whom he sur
rounded himself at Marking has frowned
on the Communist groups.