davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Indianapolis times., 1932-02-04

1t is a far cry from the an.
cient Japanese warrior, sketchet
at the left, to Japan's modern
army and navy today. Above,
Part of the high seas fleet; beloy
an army bomber loading il.
death dealing cargo.
1873-Imperial decree by tn
emperor substituted ccnscriptio.
for system Of hereditary mill
tarism.
1877-The new army stood its
first test-quelling a revolution.
1883-Period of compulsory ac-
tive and reserve service was eX-
tended twelve years.
1888-Seven divisions now in the
field, with guns.
1695-Victorious iii war with
China, Japan's trained
infantry being armed with single
loader Murata rifles.
1900-A Japanese force goes to
Pieping to help queI the Boxer
revolution and there sees at first
hand methods of European ar
mics. Complete reorganization OF
Japan'S army follows.
1904-Victorions in war with
Russia.
191O-Annexation of Korea by
Japan.
1915-Kiaochow captured from
Germans.
The rest needs no comment
here.
=
TN Japan now, all males of from
l. II to 40 are liable for military
service. About 100000 attain mill
tary age each year. After medi-
cal examination, they are divided
into five main classes, according
to degree of military fitness. AS
the annual quota is about 100000,
those in the highest class usually
are more than sufficient.
The term of service is 1815
months, with 51-3 years in the
The Indianapolis times., 1932-02-04
MOUNTAINS
FOR LOST PLANES

fuselage Of plane, was sighted on
a mountain slope sixty miles south
east of Bakersfield, by Earl H. Left,
United Press staff correspondent,
flying with Lieutenant J. w. Will
liams in a navy airplane.
A report said the ship had been
seen to crash in a grove Of trees Fri
day near Caliente, Keen county.
This news had been bottled up, by
weather conditions.
The threat Of new storms came as
searchers started out on another
hunt for Lieutenant Edward D.
Hoffman, CrisSey field, San Fran
cisco. who vanished in storm Tues
day in the central California noun
tains.
The Indianapolis times., 1932-02-04

first reserve and ten years in the
second reserve.
The full figures are military
secrets, but it is believed that, in
the event of a first class war, ia
pan would be capable Of putting
into the field two reserve divi-
sions for each peace-time divi-
sion-or f1fty-one divisions in all.
TINE emperor is the supreme
l. commander of the army, and
likewise of the navy.
The naval history of these island
people goes back a long way, too.
They suffered by Tartar invasion
in the thirteenth century. For
centuries, they had their fishing
1eets.
In the seventeenth century, a
astaway English pilot, named
illiam Adams, supervised for
hem the building of two ships.
But in 1886, the governments
9olicy of isolation brought an
dict that forbade ship building.
For the next 200 years, nothing
happened. Then came Commodore
Perry.
TINE rest may also be told in
Il dates:
fysa5
ton opened at Nagasaka, with
Dutch instructors. Dock, iron fac
tory and naval school follows.
1S57-58-Two small vessels
purchased from the Dutch and
one given by Queen Victoria form
nucleus of modern Japanese navy.
1866-First steam vessel is built,
small gunboat.
1882-Naval construction pro-
gram begins with thirty cruisers
and twelve torpedo boats.
1895-As result of better train
ing, japanese defeat superior Chi
nese naval force.
1904-Japan's growing fleet
cruSheS Russian fleet as Admiral
Togo captures Porth Arthur.
1914-Twelve battle ships and
six more building, plus Isl other
fighting ships, including fifteen
submarines.
1932-The worlds third great
est naval power, topped only by
England and America.
4
TOMORROW-The "why" of
Il Japan's war machine
an island with modern industries
that must have foreign raw mate
rialS and foreign markets or
starve . how the flag of trade
has followed the flag of war
across the Orient.
The Indianapolis times., 1932-02-04
BgUnited Press

By United Press
LOS ANGELES, Feb. 4.-Storms
hampered search today for eight
persons who disappeared aboard a
Century-Pacific air liner last Fri
day, and for an army aviator miss
ing since Tuesday.
Men on Snowshoes and on horses
broke trails through the SHOWS in
the Tehachpi mountains, in deSper-
ate efforts to find the air liner, but
were rewarded only by froStbite and
wearineSs. The planes fate, since
it left Bakersfield on the 126-mile
fight to Los Angeles, remained hid
den.
A snow-coyeree object. like the
The Indianapolis times., 1932-02-04
ETTlNGER NAMED AS
PRIMARY VOTE HEAD
Chief Deputy Clerk Placed in
Charge of Machinery.

CnarSe Oh mdCHlnerys
First preparations for the primary
election, May 3, were announced to-
day with appointment of Charles F.
Ettinger, chief deputy clerk, as di-
rector of all election machinery I'M
der Jurisdiction of the clerks Office.
The appointment was made by
Clerk Glenn B. Ralston.
Democrats will control election
machinery in the county for the
first time in sixteen years. Majority
faction of the board of county COM
missioners will nar-o 331 precinct
supervisors.
The board of election commits
sioners, whose salaries have been
slashed from $500 to $325 each,
will include two Democrats and one
Republican.
County councilmen also cut $15,-
600 from the primary election ap-
preparation.
The Indianapolis times., 1932-02-04
Father and Son Sentenced
By Times Special

BY 1tmeS SpectQL
RUSHVILLE, Ind, Feb. A.
Pleading guilty to stealing corn,
Jake Neal, 80, and his son, Arthur,
II, Newcastle, we're sentenced to
terms of one to five years each in
Rush circuit court here. They were
caught taking corn from the farm
of Willard Golfer near Milroy.
The Indianapolis times., 1932-02-04
BY ROBERT TALLEY
NEA Service Writer

tCopyrlgnt, 1SSz. " NEA SeEfiCei
A POWERFUL modern army
"A lengthens it's shadows across
China, backing up its demand for
foreign trade with machine guns
and artillery.
The long -nosed guns of the
worlds third greatest navy echo,
in tones like thunder, the same
demand from Shanghais harbor.
Militaristic Japan is on the
march in Asia again.
At the front, it's guns speak.
Back on the island empire its idle
factories wait. Many means have
been suggested for curing the de-
preston that is worldwide. ia
pan, however, has its own pecu-
liar method.
= Vast China's economic boycott
against japan is going to be
broken, or else
And that is why the Japanese
are in China today.
Japan's modern army came into
being soon after Commodore Per-
ry of the United States navy had
forced the medieval hermit en-
pire to open its doors 10 world
trade about seventy-f1ve years ago.
It's modern navy was born at
about the same time.
But behind each lies a most COL
orful story-a story that goes back
to the dim centuries before the
Christian era.
TN those primitive days, and in
Il the days that followed up to
seventy-five years ago, Japan grew
the hardest fighting men that the
world ever produced. They were
trained from the cradle on, their
meat was unhulled rice, their
motto was Live and die with
sword in hand" They were the
Samurai, professional warroirs.
In the early days Of cross-bow
anu keeH-eQSeQ SWORD, approx
mately one-fourth of the able
bodied men constituted the ma
tion's army. Service was for a de-
fined period, during which all
taxes were remitted.
With the advent of the eighth
century, the conscription list in
creased. Every Stalwart man was
caused to bear arms; every weak
ling was Shamed as mere bread.
winner.
In the twelfth century, the whole
nation came under the sway of the
military organizations. Rich feudal
chiefs gathered soldiers around
them to protect their feifs-and
help them collect taxes from their
subjects.
II
I'm those ancient days, the prin-
Il cipal weapon was the bow and
arrow. Japan even had its Will
liam Tell; it's histories record that
The Indianapolis times., 1932-02-04
ARMS PARLEY RENEWED
Fifty-Seven Nations Represented at
Geneva Conference.

GENEVA, Feb. 4.-The world arms
conference held its second plenary
session today for purposes of final
organization. The credentials COM
mittee was advised fifty-seven
countries were represented.
Many delegates were absent and
the diplomatic tribuneS and press
gallery were nearly empty.
The Indianapolis times., 1932-02-04

mayor, and all paid by the public.
"Yet the public can't be trusted
with the facts. All it can do is pay
the rates guaranteeing the utilities
a per cent return. If they made
Z per cent in 1923, what is the profit
now with costs down?
such procedure is bad just now.
People are sick and tired of seeing
bills for lights, gas and other COM
modities go on up, and are ready
for public ownership of public
utilities.
"If am reelected, it is my in
tention to advocate home owner
ship by the public, with control un-
der local officers"
The Indianapolis times., 1932-02-04
Robbery Guilt Denied
By Times Special

% 2 7 ITNco SpCCtUt
PORTLAND, Ind, Feb. A plea
OF not guilty was entered by Ira
Barton, former Blackford county
sheriff, when he was arraigned in
Jay circuit court here Wednesday
charged with conspiracy to rob the
State bank of Dunkirk. His trial
has been set for Monday.
The Indianapolis times., 1932-02-04
NAB 2 FOR COAL THEFT
Railroad Cop Wounds One Negro.
Captures His Companion.

A railroad detective shot one Ne
gro and captured his Companion
early today after they are alleged to
have stolen coal from the Big -Four
railroad, near Eighteenth street and
Highland place.
Alvin Mays, 81, of 324 West Twen-
ty-f1rst street, was shot in the right
nip and Edward Woodson, IS, of
2l52 Boulevard place, was appre-
hended by J. E. Lindsey, railroad
officer.
Lindsey told police Mays refused
to heed his orders to halt. The Ne
groes we're carrying bushel of coal
from railroad car when he dis
covered them, Lindsey said.
The Indianapolis times., 1932-02-04
LulI in Anderson Row

By Times Special
ANDERSON, Ind, Feb. Ara
Davis, ousted as city controller by
Mayor Jesse H. Mellett, has with
drawn for the time being from op-
position to his successor, Harry r.
Baldwin, bringing a temporary lull
in fight between democratic fac
tions in the city administration.
However, Davis announces he will
continue a fight in the courts
against his dismissal.
The Indianapolis times., 1932-02-04

G. certain Tametoto shot an arrow
through his brothers helmet to
recall the youths allegiance with
out injuring him.
Even as late as 1852, power
full warrior named Masatokl-
with bow and arrow made 1888
successful shots in twenty hours,
or more than four a minute" En-
durance contests are nothing new
in Nippon!
In addition, there was the
sword. A single-edged weapon,
wickedly curved, delicately bal
anced, beautifully ornamented.
Professional swordsmen toured
the country, challenging other ex-
perts to public combat.
The Samurai carried two swords
"a long one for combat and
short one for cutting off an
enemy's head after he had been
dispatched. Such heads they took
to the silken tent of their COM
mander after the battle to be
counted. The commander, it
seems, kept the books.
These knights of Old Japan
wore armor of iron and leather,
inlaid with gold and silver.
DRIOR to the fifteenth century,
4 a battle resembled a gigantic
fencing match. 1t was opened
with a human sacrifice, usually
prisoner or a condemned criminal.
Nobody advanced until notice of
attack was given with singing
arrow.
These early warriors had an
ultra-courteo way about them.
A man marched out, singled out
foe and addressed him personally,
proclaiming his name and titles
to his particular enemy and often
adding his fathers records.
Then the two went to it-like
hundreds of others were doing
around him.
Hara- -kiri-honorabl suicide
arose among these professional
soldiers. No Japanese was SEN
fenced to death; he was merely
sentenced to commit suicide. He
did so by falling upon his sword
and disemboweling himself. A
friend stood by with short sword
to cut off his head as soon as the
stomach was gashed. The justice
of such an order was never queS-
toned.
Often, hara-kiri was committed
as a voluntary protest against
0me unjust ruling. These men
never hesitated to die for cause.
Are their descendants equally
willing to die for a modern cause?
r r =
A FEW years before Commo-
4 n dore Perry forced the open
ing up of Japan, the governor of
Nagasaki reached the conclusion
that his country would invite
dire fate if it remained oblivious
OF the worlds military progress.
Accordingly he obtained from
the Dutch-who still traded in
termittently-a few small arms
and field guns. He began train
ing a company of men at Yedo.
Officials threw him into prison.
When the American fleet came in
1858, the officials decided the i'm
prisoned governor of Nagasaki
had been right, and soon began
the importation of guns and rifles
and cannon from Europe.
4
DATES now tell the story:
- 1862-The shoguns adopted
a military system like that of
the rest of the world, and or
ganized three divisions of 13,600
men.
The Indianapolis times., 1932-02-04
JAPAN is THIRD IN SEA POWER
Ialor of Nippon Stands Test of Centuries

This is the second of six timely stories
on Japan Of today, and the island en-
pire's amazingly rapid rise from
primitive land TO a first-class world
power in the short span Of 70-Odd years.
The Indianapolis times., 1932-02-04
ALL SCHOOLS
IN CITY full,
SAYS STETSON
Increase in Attendance to
Bring 0verCroWding
Crisis, He Warns.
BUILDING NEED is CITED
missing Chance of Years
to Act While Prices
Are at Bottom

indianapolis public schools, both
grade schools and high schools, are
crowded to capacity.
Any increase in attendance would
bring an overcrowding crisis, school
officials revealed today.
Only by complex reorganization
was an oYercrowded dilemma
avoided at the mid-year term.
The condition was relieved some
what by the use of forty-one port
able buildings in the elementary
division, and thirteen portables in
the high school division.
When the depression lifts" said
Superintendent Paul G. Stetson to-
day and Indianapolis resumes its
normal growth, the school system
will have to be enlarged.
Prices Low Now
indianapolis is behind in its
school building program. Right now
we are missing the chance of years.
Prices are so low that now is the
time we should be building for the
future.
we would be putting men to
work and we would be saving the
taxpayers thousands of dollars."t
THE only way to build schools,
however" said A. B. Good, business
director of the schools, "is on the
pay-as-you-go system, and not on
borrowed funds. Bond issues won't
help, because the interest piles up
and costs taxpayers more in the
long run"
High Schools Full
All six Indianapolis high schools
arc full, but are not overcrowded,
said Milo Stuart, assistant superin-
tendent, in charge of secondary
education.
"Shortridge is crowded" said
Stuart, Broad Ripple is crowded,
Msnual is full, so is Washington,
and Crispus Attucks and Technical.
Indianapolis will not need too
much in the high school division in
the next ten years, however. We
could put a wing addition to Broad
Ripple, and I think perhaps one of
Washington.
I'VE probably will have to enlarge
all the way around, but not to an
extent that is terrifying.
Our present minimum age limit
is 16. 1t had been IA.
In the last fifteen years, pressure
for a prolonged education period,
has been growing, and high
school education now seems to be
the general standard.
Boys and girls going out for
jobs have found that high school
graduates are preferred. So, grad
ually, we have been reaching our
peak in attendance
In five years we will have all
the pupils we ever will have in the
high schools, except, of course, for
the city's normal growth.
When We get, say 90 per cent,
of the available children in the
high schools, we are at the limit.
A school system designed for that
would be ideal.
Not an Inch Of Slack
Fright now, however, there is not
one inch of slack in the entire Sys-
tenl. We are using seven portable
buildings at Tech, two at Broad
Ripple, two at Washington, and
two at Crispus Attucks. Those
portables help solve the congestion. ."
The elementary system, with
many ancient buildings and equip
ment in dilapidated condition, is
~ the division which needs the help
of building program most, school
officials declare.
Any increase of enrolment in
the elementary schools will give us
a lot of trouble said Stetson. THE
grade schools are filled to capacity.
We can't accommodate any more" F"
The Indianapolis times., 1932-02-04

DATES now tell the story:
- 1862-The shoguns adopted
military system like that of
the rest of the world, and or
ganized three divisions of 13,600
men.
Evening star., 1932-04-19
CANE SUGAR FIRMS
SEEKING PROTECTION
Fourteen Companies Appeal to
Congress for Action to. Control
Heavy Imports.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, April 19-Fourteen of
the largest cane sugar refining COM
panies in the United States have ad-
dressed an appeal to Congress for pro-
lection against the growing imports of
the refined product from Cuba, Porto
Rico, Hawaii and the Philippines.
The Philippine situation was espe-
cially stressed in the appeal In view of
the TACT that the House recently passed
the independence bill and the measure
Is due for early consideration by the
Senate
The letter to Congress states that the
proposed legislation would admit for a
period of years $4,000 tons of refined
sugar annually from the Philippines
free Of duty. This amount, it was said.
would provide free berth for 1l2,000,-
600 pounds annually from the islands
or enough to supply 1900 Americans
for year. At the same time it is
pointed out that three mainland refin-
cries have been closed down because Of
heavy imports during the past year.
The domestic refiners state that there
is no desire to hamper the progress of
the islands, but that the United States
colonial policy should not permit dupli-
cation of refining facilities long estab-
liShed as an important part Of the eco
nomic structure of the mainland"
The appeal is signed by the American
Sugar Refining Co., Arbuckle Bros,
California & Hawaii Sugar Refining
Corporation, Franklin Sugar Refining
Co, Godchaux Sugars, Inc; Henderson
Sugar Refinery, Imperial Sugar Co.,
National Sugar Refining Co., Pennsyl-
vania Sugar Co., Revere Sugar Re-
finery, Savannah Sugar Refining Corpo-
ration, Texas Sugar Refining Corpora
ton, Western Sugar Refinery and w. ].
McCahan Sugan Refining & MolaSses
Co
Evening star., 1932-04-19
Washington Produce

Butter-One-pound prints, %; tub, %.
EggS-Hennery, Il; current receipts,
10.
Poultry, alive-Old toms, I5al8;
young toms, %; hens, 23a26; crooked
breasts. 18; Spring broilers, IL to 3Ia
pounds, 23a25; Leghorn broilers, 2Oa22;
Winter chickens, 1sa2o: stays. II: hens,
large, 15a17; medium, 15a17; Leghorn
hens, 13a14; capons, large. 3oa32;
small, 20a23; slips, 18; roosters, 10;
keats, young, 45a5o; old, 25a3O.
Poultry. dressed-Trkeys, old toms,
18a21; young toms, IS; hens. 26a29;
crooked breasts, 23; Spring hroilers.
Ia to 315 pounds, 26a2s; Leghorn
broilers. 23a24; Winter chickens. 21a23:
stays, IS; roosters, IL; hens, large,
15a2o; hens, medium, 18a2o; Leghorn
hens, 16a17; capons, large, 33a35;
small, 23a26; slips, 81; roosters, I3;
keats, young. 60a70; old. 30a40
Meats-Beef, prime, IA; good, 13;
veal, top. Is; good. IL; lamb. top, II;
good, Is; pork loins, 16; fresh hams,
IA; smoked hams, 6; strip bacon, l6;
lard IA; compound, 7.
Fruits Strawberries, pints, "a;
quarts. so; apples. buShel baskets,
LOCAL 40; fancy box stock, 1.50a2. so;
oranges, 3.50a4.50; lemons, 4.00a4. so;
grapefruit, 2.25a3.0 90; honeydews, Chile,
2.50; pears, 3.50a450; alligator pears.
200a3.00; pineapples, AIS: ba-
nanas, 1.00a2.00; lines, per 100. 400:
rhubarb. hothouse, 75a65; plums, 1.50a
200; nectartnes, 250: cranberries, 4.50.
Observation-Disclosures, Maine, 100
pound sacks, 1.25a1 40; New York, lis;
Idaho bakers. 2.25a2.50: new. bushel.
2.50a275; seed, 150-pound sacks, LISA
2.25: sweets, 75a1.00; string beans. 500
a5.5O; hmas, 600; spinach, home grown,
50a75; Norfolk, IS; kale, 40a60;
cabbage, 2.O0a210; celery, 2.50a3.5 so;
eggplant, 3O0a3.50; peppers, 3.50a4.00;
cucumbers, Florida, baskets, 4.00a5.00;
turnips, crates, 3.00a3.50; beets, 2.75a
500; carrots, 3.50a4.00; homegrown,
bushel. 400; tomatoes, pans. originals.
2.50a3. 90; repacks, pans. 2.25a2.50;
mushrooms, S5a1.00; peas, California,
crates, 5.00a5 so; Florida, baskets, 500
a3.50; squash, $50; lettuce, Iceberg,
225a2. so; asparagus, California, dozen
punches, 3.50a5.00.
Evening star., 1932-04-19
BALTIM0REANS OPPOSE
PROPOSED RAIL DEAL
Special Dispatch to The Star.

Special Dispatch to The Star.
BALTIMORE, April 19-Opposition
to the acquisition of the western Mary
land Railway by the Baltimore & Ohio
is expressed IN a brief filed with the
Interstate Commerce Commission by
former Representative John Philip Hill.
Mr. Hill took his action as counsel for
the Three Railway Systems Commit
tee Of Baltimore, the Old Town Mer-
chants & Manufacturers Association
and the East Baltimore Business Mems
Association
Mayor Howard W. Jackson has CO.
operated with the Baltimore Associa-
ton of Commerce, which filed an opin-
ion favoring the absorbing of the West
ern Maryland by the Baltimore & Ohio.
Mr.. Hill in his brief advocates the
assignment of the Western Maryland in
the consolidation plans to the New
York Central and the assignment to
the Baltimore & Ohio of the New York,
Ontario & Western and the Delaware,
Lackawanna g. Western. This would
give the Baltimore & Ohio TOO addi-
tional miles of railroad, he says.
Evening star., 1932-04-19
STOCKS DEPRESSED
TO NEW LOW MARK
Market Shows Some Resist
ance in Final Trading,
However.
BY GEORGE T. HUGHES.

Special Dispatch to The Star.
NEW YORK, April ia fresh de-
cline in the stock market today carried
eight or ten leading industrials. one of
which was United States Steel. and
two important utilities, one being
American Telephone g. telegraph. TO
new lows for the bear movement. The
ralls put up strong resistance and were
onIy irregularly lower at the end. In
the last hour prices came back from
the worst and the market left off with
indications that a rally was near.
commodities were influenced by the
weakness in stocks during the early
part OF the day, but eventually they
shook OF that malign influence and
nearly all of them closed higher. The
recovery in wheat was most impressive,
and 1t is to the grains that Wall Street
now looks for rescue from its slough Of
deSpond.
1t was on the stocks that had been
under pressure the previous session that
attentlon centered at the opening today.
Of these American Telephone and
United States Steel were the most i'm
portant. The former opened TODAY IL
under par and slipped off nearly 3.
point before steadying. Now a point
loss in stock selling around $IoO a
share is Of no great significance and
ordinarily such loss would be ignored
1t was only because the street had
been watching Telephone so long that
the fresh decline made an impression
The same Is true 10 lesser extent of
United States Steel which under $40 a
snare was at the lowest since 1903.
After yesterdays meeting of the stock
holders hopes for maintenance of any
disbursement on the common stock have
about been abandoned and today's de-
cline, which, like that in Telephone, was
OF no great amount. was IN recognition
OF this fact. Somewhere, and soon.
Steel common will reach the point
where its great asset value viii coIn-
teract It's immediate earning position.
Evening star., 1932-04-19
New Zealand Trade Declines.

WELLINGTON, New Zealand, April
19 R.-Although New Zealand had q
favorable trade balance for the fiscal
year ending March 81 last, the excess Of
exports over imports, amounting to
100000 currently about $500, ,000),
both imports and exports showed a Sc
rious decline, it was revealed last night.
Compared with the figures for the
previous year. exports in 1882 fell
nearly 100000 to a total OF E33,581,-
900. Imports were reduced by nearly
ELS 900, 900 to a total of 3,165 900.
Evening star., 1932-04-19
CHICAGO DAIRY MARKET.

CHICAGO, April 10 (R.-Butter-
Receipts. 1892 tubs; market f1rm;
creamery specials (93 score). 1934a20 "a {;
extras (92). 1871; extra flrsts (9O-oD
l812al9, firsts (s8-3O, l712al8; Sec
onds tS6-8D, l6al7; standards 900,
centralized carlots, 1914.
firm; extra firsts, 1914; fresh graded
hrsts, II "a; current receipts, i0laal034;
storage-packed firsts, 1871 extras, "a.