davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1932-08-11
China in Political Eruption.

China is in political turmoil again
with a collapse of the nationalist gov
eminent at Nanking due to the resigna-
ton of the titular head Of the ad-
ministration. This disruption, how
ever, is likely to be soon corrected In
part by the return to full authority OF
Chang Kai-Shek, who has been Tor
some months serving in an apparently
subordinate role, but with the advanta-
geous responsibility of full military d.
rection. The immediate trouble is to
arise from relations between the Nam
king government and Chang Hsueh
LANG, former marshal of Manchuria
and now in command Of the Northern
army of China, with headquarters at
Peiping.
Back of this situation, 1t Is believed,
is an implacable conflict Of factions,
with militarists or war lords supported
by armies Of their own seeking to
overthrow the nationalist government
at Nanking, which is to say the govern
ment of the Kuomintang or national
peoples party. There is no real CO.
hesion between the Northern, Central
and Southern provinces of China. In
the South great numbers Of Commu
niStS, more or less organized have
thrown wide areas into chaos in de-
fiance Of central authority. In the CEN
tral portion Of the country conflicting
political aspirations make administra-
ton difficult and, as this present Situa-
ton illustrates, precarious. In the
North the war lords await opportunity
to start civil war.
Chang Hsueh LANG, the deposed
marshal Of Manchuria, has been estab-
lished at Peiping for several months
with the title of generalissimo Of the
Northern forces, of which the former
Manchurian army forms a considerable
part. Were he man Of stronger char
acter and more steadfast purpose he
could probably. If so disposed, defy the
Marking government and for a time at
least set up an independent authority
in the North, perhaps with the aid Of
Feng Yu Hsien, the so-called Christian
general, who Is bitter enemy of Chang
Kai-Shek at Nanking. Such an alli-
ance, however, would be probably short
lived, for Feng is much the abler man
and military leader. Feng's aspiration
to become Number One Boy" in China
Is always to be reckoned with as long
as he remains on the scene as factor
for disruption of the unhappy land.
Evening star., 1932-08-11
Highligghts ON the Wide World
Excerpts From Newspapers of Other Lands

gree Of justification. that science con-
tinued to be completely baffied in its
efforts to define the term life" 1t
could neither create artificial life, nor
could it save natural life from its in
evitable consequence-death! But now.
into this realm of scientific impossibili-
Ties. the glimmerings of casualty and
comprehension are penetrating.
Though we may believe we know
what death Is, 1t Is true, nevertheless.
that its biological significance IS not
clear at all. What We generally denom-
mate death is but the mantle 1tation of
other forms Of life. Death is a condition
which pertains only to organisms, and
every organism consists of cells The
explanation OF the death Of an organ
ism may be answered, partially, at least,
oy stating that the cells of the organ
ISM have not within them the quality Of
eternal functioning. To some extent
this Is a circuitous argument, for often
the cells appear to die when the whole
organism dies. Thus neither the cells
nor the organism can live perpetually,
Que TO disintegration, under various cir
cumStanceS, OF these mutual compo-
nents.
This has led scientists 10 try to sep
arate the cell from the organism, in
the hope Of finding an artificial i'm
mortality for the essential principle of
life and energy. Now, under proper
conditions of nutrition and tempera-
ture, tissues are being grown in test
tubes from living cells. 1t has been
found possible, in some cases, to ar
range artificial conditions even more IA
vorable than those which obtain in the
natural state. Thus, scientists have
been able to maintain life in tissues
taken from the organ of a chicken for
20 years without any sign of aging,
whereas the chicken in its entirety
would live only from 7 to 10 years. More
than this, the cells in the tissue con-
tinue to divide and multiply, condi-
ton which would very soon end in the
organism, which rarely finds available
the means of renewing its juvenility. 1t
seems, therefore, that death Is not alb
solutely an inevitability for the CELL but
that the cell dies in the organism be-
cause OF peculiarly unfavorable condi-
tions. For each cell, the cell adjoining
Is really an outside world, which may
infiict injury upon 1t In various ways,
especially through propinquity and con-
tagion.
This theory gains corroboration from
another angle. Though life seems in
dubitably linked to death. yet 1t is con-
stanly revived and renewed as a phe-
nomenon. The germ cells not only de-
velop new individual cells, but new Or
ganisms as we'll in unlimited succession.
All of this goes to show that life Is not
necessarily a condition dominated or
rather complemented by death. Life,
at least for the individual cells which
compose the organism, is terminated
only when conditions favorable to 1t are
no longer maintained, because Of eX-
terror conditions, avoidable or unavoid-
able.
Evening star., 1932-08-11

ing q mind Of her own. On one occasion
she explained her vote by recalling that
her departed husband, she believed,
would SO have voted. And her con-
duct during this period Of probation,
SO to speak, together with the whirl-
wind campaign conducted with the able
assistance of Senator Long, have en-
abled her to smash precedents and
write, in her own hand, the name of
Caraway on a fresh page of history.
Mrs. Caraway's original appointment
to the Senate by Gov. Harvey Parnell
was in keeping with the tradition, Of
relatively recent birth, which combines
chivalry with respect for the memory
Of members of Congress by sending
their widows to Washington. But her
appointment was only for the short
time intervening between the convening
Of Congress and the special election
that, under Arkansas law, would be
held. In coming to Washington she
broke one precedent, for her only
woman predecessor in the Senate was
Mrs. Rebecca FELTON, Of Georgia. who
served for one day only. She broke
another by being elected to fill the
unexpired term of her late husband.
The Associated Press, at the time, re-
ported that Mrs. Caraway did no cam
paigning for this special election, noting
significantly that Mrs. Caraway will
serve until March, 1888. Her friends
expect she will then retire from politics,
which she entered after the death OF
her husband"
Her friends, however, were incorrect.
II It is a part of Southern chivalry to
honor women, as Mrs. Caraway was
honored, the people Of Arkansas have
obviously decided that to be consistent
chivalry demands their election when
they stand for reelection.
Evening star., 1932-08-11
Overlapping Police Authority

There may be no special significance
In the fact that the policeman murdered
Saturday night in Logan Circle by a
gang Of hoodlums was member Of the
United States Park Police, but that ugly
incident does emphasize the peculiar
division Of authority between the vari-
Gus police forces operating in this city.
The tiny island Of Logan Circle falls
under jurisdiction Of the park police,
while the area surrounding it comes
under the Metropolitan Police. Trouble
in the park. due to the presence there
of disorderly element, had been noted
before. Yet the policing Of this small
area was left to one park policeman,
with the Metropolitan Police without
any responsibility in the matter. AS
soon as the culprits left the park. re-
spcnsibility for their capture switched
to the Metropolitan Police.
The constant overlapping Of juris-
ditions in Washington is nothing new.
Right now the ONCE Of Superintendent
of Public Buildings and Public Parks is
asking the District Commissioners to
take over the job of cleaning up the
disgusting debris that marks the burned
ruins of Camp Marks, in Anacostia.
The camp is located on Federal prop
erty. 1t is maintained that this Fed
eral property was transferred to the
Commissioners when the bonus march,
ers arrived. and that the cleaning up
OF the site properly belongs to the
Commissioners. While the Commis-
sioners have not made known their
views. it is to be remembered that the
Federal troops were in charge-and not
the Commissioners-when the camp
was burned, and its hasty evacuation by
the bonus marchers precluded any
plans that anybody might have had
for cleaning up the place before the
marchers left. Again, the business Of
the bonus marchers was with the Fed
eral Government, and not with the local
government Why local taxpayers
should now be assessed for cleaning up
after the bonus marchers is a question
that could arise only in the case OF
Washington.
There are other cases Of divided
jurisdiction that are equally interesting,
The Botanic Garden comes under the
| Jurisdiction of the architect Of the Cap
itol, who has his own police force. Yet
the Jurisdiction of the Grant Monu-
ment and the Meade Memorial. In the
Botanic Garden. falls to the United
Evening star., 1932-08-11
Senator Caraway's Election.

At this distance one loses sight of the
issues that may have been involved in
the campaign of Mrs. Hattie Caraway
for nomination to the Senate. To the
casual newspaper reader, at least, only
one incident Of that campaign attained
much prominence. That was when
Senator Huey Long Of louisiana, gall
lantly lending his strong arm and
stronger voice to the Caraway cause,
gave crying baby drink OF ice water,
thus quieting the child and lending pc
culiar strength to his words of wisdom,
which were that nine times out of ten
when a baby cries it is thirsty. Vote
Cor Caravay."
But obviously there must have been
other issues and Mrs. CaraWay has suf-
fciently demonstrated that she cham
pioned the right ones. She is the first
woman to be elected-for her nomi-
nation in Arkansas amounts to the
same thing-to the United States Sen
ate in a regular contest for. that
ONCE. The overwhelming ma ajority that
she and Senator Long piled UP is evi'
dence enough Of her popularity and o.
the strong hold she and the Caraway
name have on the confidence of tht
Arkansas constituency. She Is to b.
congratulated.
During the recent term of the Senate
occupying the seat of her late husband
first by appointment and then b.
choice of the people in a special elec
ton, she conducted herself with becom
ing modesty, voting on some question
REGARDLESS Of party leadership. indicat'
Evening star., 1932-08-11
Debate on Tariff and Debts
Launched by Roosevelt Talk

Suggestions from Franklin D. Roose-
velt that reduced tariff and increase
of foreign trade may produce condi-
tions under which European debts to
the United States could be paid have
furnished the first outstanding contro-
versy of the national campaign. Com
ments are largely representative of
divisions along party lines, with the
Democrats upholding the position of
their candidate for President. Com
ments on Mr. Roosevelt's address in
clude praise for his ability as radio
speaker.
HE dismissed cancellation" ac-
cording to the Birmingham Age Herald
Oemocratic), "as something which
would be unnecessary if the United
States had an enlightened tariff
and international policy. And there
by he placed his finger on the
real vice of the Republican posi-
ton, which, as the Governor point
ed out, consists of demanding pay
ments simultaneously with erecting
trade barriers which make 1t impos-
sible for debtors to pay. By declaring
for world conference on information
al finance and commerce, Roosevelt
goes far toward giving his party
strategic position, whatever develop
ments may crop up"
Referring to President Hoover's de-
sire to link debts with ornaments,
the Springfield (Mass) Republican
independently states that there Is
nothing in Governor Roosevelt's lower
tariff proposal antagonistic to inter-
national disarmament; indeed, the
they are not necessarily so inter-
locked as to be dependent on each
other The discussion is welcomed"
adds that paper, "and 1t bears out
Gov. Roosevelt's announcement that
he regards our present economic
condition as the main issue of the
campaign" the Baltimore Sun (in-
dependent Democratic) declares that
his discussion of the manner in which
our high tariffs have been strsngling
the foreign trade, upon which our
economic welfare SO largely depends.
was on a sensible plane" and adds:
Moreover, the Democratic candidate
placed his finger on one Of the sorest
spots of the long and tangled contro-
versy over war debts when he declared
that our high tariffs had made it i'm
possible for foreign countries to repay
us in the only form in which payment Is
possible-in goods. If we did not sell
goods in payment for the goods we
bought" the Sun continues, would
we pay in gold? And how long could
the foreigner sell us if we paid in
gold? How much gold have we2"
y
HE struck the weakest spot in the
armor of his opponents" thinks the
Chicago Daily News independently,
''and his linking of the tariff problem
with the problem of war debts was an
effective point in his speech" The
Daily News continues: while propos-
ing that tariff schedules be lowered. he
Evening star., 1932-08-11
SHOOTING STARS.
BY PHILANDER JOHNSON.
Read djustment.

adjustment.
The blossoms go and fruits draw near,
Yet life seems delusion;
AS so much happens every year
To plunge us in confusion.
For 1t is stin the human fate
OF every tribe and nation
To put the whole works in a state
OF dis-or- -gan-i-za-tion.
We'u join to make this old world thrive
And seek not to embroil It,
II you some help cannot contrive,
At least try not to spoil it.
Evening star., 1932-08-11
B c, Madrid: 1t is the growing
opinion of many in charge of
] the charitable organizations

~ UplIllOIl VI IIldIly III CIldTBB Ol
4 u and institutions of this city that
the bestowing of aims, and es-
pecially the informal gratuities granted
by better class Of wayfarers In the
streets, actually foment and increase
both vagrancy and vice. Many people,
with comfortable homes and sufficient
means, simply cannot endure to pass by
any beggar, and thus seek simultane-
ously to ease their consciences, and per-
haps ward off destitution for themselves,
by responding to every plea in pro-
portion to the insistency and frequence
Of such petitions.
That this practice has elevated
mendicancy to lucrative calling there
is little doubt. Most beggars seem to
be, despite all the wretchedness of their
appeal, at least well fed. There are
exceptions. of course. Some are ema-
ciated and apparently feeble, but they
are, generally speaking, smaller class,
and, in all likelihood, amateurs Of the
of little publicity to actual conditions
in these respects can scarcely be a
detriment to any worthy persons who
are destitute and may at the same time
temper the unwise philanthropy OF
many citizens.
Beggars soon lose all sense of shame,
and prey ruthleSsly upon the sensibili-
ties Of the kindly disposed. And their
capacity to mulct the public is aug
mented directly in proportion to bodily
disabilities Thus one who is not only
an INDECENT petitioner, but is besides a
beggar with sores, mutilations, defects
in speech or vision, and perhaps sub
ject to epileptic attacks-that specially
qualified" individual can earn" easily
as much as Is or 80 pesetaS day ($2
to $2.40).
Then there are the juvenile Of
fenders-innocent enough in so far as
their own initiative Is concerned, for
they are the victims of an exploitation
contrived and motivated by their par
ents who have found the employment
OF these ragged gamins more eff1cacious
and productive than their own efforts
In begging. This tattered brood, and
many of the adult lame. contorted
manned and blind, who make profes-
sion OF exhibiting their deformities, are
constantly being picked up by the police.
The authorities. they claim, especially
these latter, detain them most unjustly
How are they to live If not by aims?
Yet many an able bodied man seeks
the same avenues of subsistence.
Evening star., 1932-08-11

There is swing against radicalism in
this country today. and Hoover. the
more conservative of the candidates,
may benefit thereby. Roosevelt was
pictured by so many of his Democratic
opponents in the preconvention cam
paign as radical that it may be diff
ficult for him to shake this conception
of him, held by a great many business
men throughout the country His sup
this feeling 1t will not be long. how
ever, before Speaker Jack" Garner. for
weeks resting In Texas, will be back in
the picture as Vice Presidential candi-
date. What Is he going to do? A lot
OF the Democrats would Like to know,
Evening star., 1932-08-11

1t is hoped by economists that the
stock market will not reveal a tendency
to go too rapidly in its upward course
However, motorists agree that good
hill-climber does not slacken speed ex-
cept when positively necessary.
Evening star., 1932-08-11

Suggestions OF resumption Of mon
archy by Germany may arouse humane
inquiry as to whether it is fair to ask
the former Kaiser, who so thoroughly
deserved rest, to make ready to leave
his happy home.
Evening star., 1932-08-11

Effort is now being made to establish
the kind Of economic circle that will
permit each industry to pay out enough
wages to enable its workers to purchase
the products of ether industries that
are doing the same.
Evening star., 1932-08-11

There may be a shade of heroism in
the manner In which Mr.. McCarl sees
his duty and does 1t, even when, as
must occasionally happen, his decision
brings disappointment to friends and
associates In Government employment.
Evening star., 1932-08-11
Creating an Appearance.

do you feel capable OF leading the
public?"
Certainly" answered Senator Sor-
ghum. The art Of leadership, as now
see it, is to learn which way the public
is determined to go and then keep a
few jumps ahead OF the stampede"
Evening star., 1932-08-11

The acceptance by President Hoover
may contain slight incidental surprises,
even though 1t represents in a personal
way one Of those foregone conclusions
without which politics would be i'm
possible.
Evening star., 1932-08-11

A faint hope still fingers of solu-
ton Of the Lindbergh kidnapping mys-
terry. 1t is inevitable that the innocent
must suffer with the guilty. In this
case only the innocent have suffered.
Evening star., 1932-08-11

Political riots have grown to such
proportions In numerous countries that
it may be necessary to organize special
local inquiries to determine war guilt.
Evening star., 1932-08-11

Jud Tunkins says hay fever Is one OF
those ailments that work two ways.
Sometimes It makes you want TO travel
and sometimes the thought OF 1t gives
you a chill In the feet.
Evening star., 1932-08-11
Direct Action.
he Macon Telegraph

From the Macon Telegraph.
One thing to be said for the James
boys and the Younger brothers, when
they took it they didn't try to smooth
it over by calling 1t a tax.
Evening star., 1932-08-11

There is not usually much encourage
ment to the man on payless furlough to
study the hotel circulars for informa-
ton as to where to spend his vacation.
Evening star., 1932-08-11
Daylight Saving in the Guleh.

Daylight Saving In the Gulch.
Has Crimson Gulch adopted day
light saving?"
I'VE don't need It," answered Cactus
Joe. All our speakeasies close the
shutters and keep the electric lights
going permanent, so that the question
of daylight makes no difference" z
IF wealth tempts you to wasteful
living" said Hi Ho the sage Of China
town. beware lest you find that you
have placed your fortune at the dis
posal Of your enemies"
Robot That Talks and Sings.
My Radio! My Radio!
Here in the household scenery
You're making my emotions 90
Entirely by machinery.
IF you talk too much" said Uncle
Eben, you're liable to find dat you has
to 60 on usin' yoh mouth foh CONVERSE
ton instid Of fob three meals day."
Evening star., 1932-08-11

Wall Street bulls are now expected to
lead eventually to the beefsteak on
every broiler.
Evening star., 1932-08-11
Problem.

From the Louisville Times
A question for many Americans Is
whether 1t Is harder to wrest living
from the soil or from q relief organi-
zation.
Evening star., 1932-08-11
Halls British Probe
Into All Gambling.

The war Cry, London.-The appoint
ment Of a royal commission to inquire
into lotteries, sweepstakes and other
forms Of gambling should at least pro-
vide an opportunity for full examina-
ton of these urgent questions, although
the principle involved is as clear as day
light to all sensible people. Last week
we quoted a parliamentary opinion ex-
pressed hundred years ago, but it is
possible to go much farther back. In
1896. for instance. Parliament con-
demned a public lottery as common
nuisance by which children, servants
and other unwary persons have been
ruined" Should the commission need
evidence concerning the grip which
gambling has upon tens of thousands of
"unwary persons" of the more humble
classes army officers could provide
plenty.
Science Penetrates
Into Mystery OF Life.
Berliner Tageblatt.-Until few years
ago, 1t could be said, with no small de-
Evening star., 1932-08-11
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Evening star., 1932-08-11
THEODORE W. MOVES. =. Editor v
The Evening Star Newspaper Company
Rate by Carrier Within t

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Evening star., 1932-08-11

Spotlight Vanity.
Should criminal duplicity
Attain too much publicity.
Instead Of needing charity
1t may gain popularity
Evening star., 1932-08-11

@. How much property was lost In
the fire at Coney Island?-M. H.
A. 1t was $2,000,000 fire. The
part which suffered contained sub
stantial structures, such as hotels
apartment houses. shops and cottages,
as well as boardwalk and lighthouses.
Evening star., 1932-08-11

@. What is the most poisonous
snake in the United States?-W. K.
A. The deadliest snake in the
United States is any one of several
large species Of rattlesnakes Of the
genus crotaluS. -
Evening star., 1932-08-11

@. Who designed the bronze doors
at the east entrance to the Capitol in
Washington?-B. L.
A. They were designed and modelled
by the American artist. Randolph
Rogers, in Rome in 1858. and we're
cast by Won Muller in Munich.
Evening star., 1932-08-11

@. How many grains of coffee are
there in pounds. C. S.
A. The approximate number of
grains to the pound Of roasted Java
and Mocha mixed (Which is an average
type) is 5000. A smaller grained va
riety OF coffee would have more, pos
sibly as many as 1000.
Evening star., 1932-08-11

@. Where are the dams TO be built
for the st. Lawrence waterway?-w. T.
A. At Barnhart Island and Crysler
Island. These sites are slightly north
east Of Ogdensburg, N. Y, and south
of Ottawa.