davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1932-04-19
English Government Fails to
Include in Figures for Year
Any ReparatiOns Receipts
or Obligations Here.
CHAMBERLAIN PREPARES
FOR PROPOSALS LATER
Government Balances Budget, With
$3,oO0,OOO surplus-Income Tax
Payer Will Get No Relief, Chan
cellor Announces-Beer Levy to
Remain the Same.

Failure of the new British budg-
ct to provide for war-debt pay
ments to the United States next
year, announced in Parliament, at
London, today by Neville Cham
berlain, chancellor of the ex-
chequer, brought a quick declara-
ton from Senator Reed of Penn
Sylvania that this Government
expected to make the debt collec-
ton.
Senator Reed, an administra-
ton spokesman, declared:
81 am perfectly certain that no
responsible American official has
given our British friends any rea-
son to think these payments will
not be expected to be made"
In the fiscal year ending in June
next year, Great Britain owes the
United States $171, 100000. For
eign nations do not have to make
any debt payments to the United
States under the one-year mora
torium until next December and
if there is any hint of continual
ton of that moratorium, as sug-
gested in the British budget, Sen
ator Reed said he did not know
it. He called last night at the
White House.
Expects British to Pay.
Speaking of the floor, Senator Reed
said:
IT am convinced the British are hon.
est and that provision will be made for
the payments due in December and
June next year."
Chancellor Chamberlain was quoted
in an Associated Press dispatch from
London as making the following state
ment to the House of Commons:
II am including In the 1928 budg-
ct no receipts from reparations and no
outgoings for war debts. The two are
self balancing.
Later in the year, after the Lausanne
Conference, I shall submit whatever
proposals may be necessary to give ef-
feet to the measures we agree upon"
BIJDGFT is BALANCED.
Evening star., 1932-04-19
HIGHER RATES ON PAPERS REVEAL
NEW METHOD USED IN SMUGGLING
Dead Letter Office Finds Merchandise of Many Kinds
Headed for Foreign Countries.

Anyhow, they neglected to add the
increased postage.
AS a result, the periodicals were cent
to the dead letter once There the
Post Office Department announced to-
day, 1t was discovered the lenders had
included merchandise such as hoes,
handkerchiefs, dress goods and gloves
in the packages, along with periodicals.
This was true. the department said,
OF IS per cent of the bundles opened
Orders have been issued to watch
carefully In the future for such attempts
at smuggling.
Evening star., 1932-04-19
GEN. MARCH GIVES HIS VERSION
OF WAR, ANSWERING PERST1ING
Volume Is Called Another
Chapter in "Feud" With
A. (. F. Leader.
Work Produced After Com
mander in France Pub
Iished Memoirs.

A new chapter in what has been re-
ported as the "feud" during the World
War between Gen. Pershing and the
War Departments chief of staff, Gen.
Peyton c. March, has been written by
the latter, it was disclosed today.
Believing, according to the publishers
announcement, that "Pershing did not
give the War Department a square
CONTINUED ON Page 2, Column 81
Evening star., 1932-04-19
DYE TRUST SHOWS PROFIT

BERLIN. April 10 (P).-The annual
report of the great German dye trust
became one of the bright spots of the
industrial year when it was announced
today. 1t showed a net profit for 1881
of 51,500. 900 marks and dividend Of 7
per cent compared with IL per cent
Evening star., 1932-04-19
CHILE AND ARGENTINA
MAY CLOSE RAILROAD
High Tariff Rate on Cattle Cuts
Freight Volume-Conferen
Fail to Solve Problem.
Ry the Associated Press


SANTIAGO, Chile, April ls.-Closing
of the Transandine Railroad. chief
traffic link between Chile and Argen-
tina. seemed inevitable today as last
minute conferences last night failed to
reach an agreement on problems which,
the roads managers say. make contln-
ued operation impossible.
One Of these is a prohibitive tariff
on imports of Argentine cattle into
Chile, which has cut the freight volume
from the eastern end. Officials OF the
road have served notice they would sus-
pend operations tomorrow unless the
difficulties are settled, and there was no
indication Chile would reduce the tariff
rate.
Evening star., 1932-04-19
By the Associated Press

An increase in postage rates for
newspapers and periodicals to foreign
countries has disclosed a unique method
of smuggling.
1t became known after the transient
rate on second-class matter sent out
side the United States was increased on
April / from cent to IL cents for
each two ounces.
Maybe a large number Of persons
thought 1t was Just an April fool trick.
Evening star., 1932-04-19
Father of Three Asks
Hoover's Aid to Keep
Them Out of School
RY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated FIees'
VINELAND, N. j., April 10
Arthur J. Smart has appealed to
President Hoover to make the
school authorities here quit both
ering him.
Mr.. Smart, proud parent OF
three children, has resisted all
attempts to force his children TO
attend public school.
In a letter to the President he
said that on their way to school
they might be bitten by dogs, run
over by autos or persuaded TO
play truant by other pupils. Even
if they should arrive safely at
their classes, he said, they might
be exposed to measles or chicken
pox.
MY wife is better teacher
than they have in the schools,
he wrote. "She doesn't teach
them a lot of nonsense.
Evening star., 1932-04-19
Dies in Rescue Effort.

BRAGGs, Okla, April 10 (P.-
When her l0-year-old sister fell into
a creek near here Yesterday. Louise
Petty, IA, plunged into the water in
an attempt at rescue. Both drowned.
Inelr bodies were recovered an hour
later.
Evening star., 1932-04-19
Graf Over Cape Verde.

ST. VINCENT, Cape Verde, April 10
R).-The Graf Zeppelin passed over
here this afternoon on the way from
Friedrichshafen to Pernambuco.
Evening star., 1932-04-19
BUDGET is BALANCED.
Chamberlain Announces Surplus of
$4,000, 600.

LONDON, April 10 (P.-Great Britain
has balanced the budget with surplus
of f796, 600 approximately $3,000,000)
Neville Chamberlain, chancellor of
the exchequer, informed Parliament in
his budget speech today that there will
CONTINUED on Page 2, Column A.
Evening star., 1932-04-19
"Front Press to Home
Within an Hour''

The Stars carrier system covers
every city block and the regular edi-
ton is delivered to Washington homes
as fast as the papers are printed.
Evening star., 1932-04-19

Continued on Page 2, Column
Evening star., 1932-04-19
WEATHER.

Fair tonight, temperature about 40 de-
grees; tomorrow cloudy, not much
change in temperature; gentle to mod
crate north winds. Temperatures: High
est, 81, at pm. yesterday; lowest, Al. at
am. today. Full report on page 9.
Evening star., 1932-04-19

CONTINUED on Page 2, Column g.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1932-08-12
Spending Power Held
Vital Need Of Crisis
Business Magazine Declares Nation Needs Earned Va
cations and Not Unpaid Furloughs if Recovery Is To
COme-Must Reverse Past Trend

tinuation of the steady upward trend
in earnings per unit of time which
has been seen in the past century.
"The reversal of that trend in the
past three years is the crux of this
depression. The drastic curtailment
of consumer buying power through
wage cuts carries with it the grave
danger that American business may
have killed the goose that laid it's
golden eggs. Shortening hours will
not in itself save the goose. Spread
ing work will relieve distress, diminish
the decentralization Of idleness, tighten
public tax burdens, but it will not in
any important way expand the total
consumer purchasing power. Only
in so far as it establishes fairer
basis and prepares the way for such
expansion, by an ultimate increase
of the amount of paid-for leisure,
can it make any fundamental con-
structive contribution to business
progress"
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1932-08-12
National Short Work Week
Conference Seems Sure

erations which go far beyond these
elements. Such values could not be
offered unless labor were paying
large and uneconomic share of the
cost, and of necessity, as an newt
able result thereof, capital, too, is
making an enormous and unwarrant-
ed contribution. This senseless pro-
cedure is likely to continue unless we
reverse our thoughtless policy of
solving our difficulties by onslaughts
on the wage structure. A uniform 10
or 20 per cent advance in wages would
increase this particular ingredient of
manufacturing costs and likewise
would increase selling prices to ap-
proximately the same extent. The
relative competitive position of each
unit within an industry would con-
tinue unaltered."
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1932-08-12

New York City (ILNS)-Telling
big business to its teeth that pros
perity cannot be had without money
in the pockets of workers, Business
Week." a McGraw-Hill magazine for
business executives and economists,
declares purchasing power is the
prime requisite.
1.-THE only basis for business recov-
cry and future business progress is
the continuous expansion of the pur-
chasing power of the spending con-
sumer. Leisure is an increasing neces-
sary part of such purchasing power;
it increases both the spending dispo-
sition and the spending opportunity.
But it cannot do so if it is free, in
voluntary leisure, furnished at the
workers expense. 1t must be earned
leisure, paid for out Of the improved
productivity of industry. 1t requires
progressive expansion and improve
ment of our productive facilities, and
their continuous and more effective
use. 1t implies fuller and more uni
form distribution of the proceeds of
such use among spending consumers.
1t requires, in concrete terms, con-
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1932-08-12
High Point Strike Ends
In Victory For Workers
Joint Committee Reaches Amicable Agreement and SpOn
taneous Wakout of 5000 Piedmont Workers Ends
Program Calls for Further Inquiry and Final Review
of Rates-WakOuts i'm Other Mills.

when they are needed to police the
traffic of North Cardinals several
million dollar road system means
breakers ahead for the "man who
would be king" Labor will have
plenty of support in its protest. Tar
Heel citizens see dangers in the con-
centration of authority in an armed
and trained state highway patrol
organization that may be ordered in
to police men and women who have
violated no law.
The settlement of the dispute
reached here Saturday followed a
meeting of a board of arbitration
composed of Gov. Gardner, three
strike leaders, and three representa-
tives of the plants involved. d. B.
Bradley, who has acted as spokesman
for the striking hosiery mill opera
tives, Lawrence Robbins and J. O..
House were chosen by the strikers at
meeting addressed by Gov. Gardner
j. E. Mills, C. L. Amos and Willis
Slane represented the manufacturers.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1932-08-12

Washington, D. C. (ILNS)-Amer-
lea is on the eve of a national indus
trial conference in which labor will
have voice and which will give
industry its fullest opportunity tc
form plans for working out it's owr
way toward stability through univer.
sal adoption of shorter work-week
At the hour of this writing official
announcement of the calling of the
conference has not been made
but an authority close to the source
of information stated to international
Labor News Service that Sin all prob
ability" such a conference will be
summoned within a few days.
Follows A. f. of l.. Plans
The conference, if summoned as ex-
pected, will carry into effect the dec
laration adopted by the executive
council of the American Federation
of Labor in it's Atlantic City meeting
three weeks ago.
Almost Immediately following adop.
ton of that declaration, asking the
president to summon national con
ference for promotion of the shorter
work the New England Coun
ell swung into vigorous action
headed by Gov. Winant, of New
Hampshire, and having in it's mem
bership a representative of every
Building Trades Council of New Eng
land, as well as representatives Of
some of the State Federations.
More Group Sessions
Representatives of the New Eng
land Council came to Washington ane
conferred with Secretary of Labor
Doak and Secretary of Commerce La
mont. These conferences served tt
open discussion on something leading
to a national scale, and will be sue
ceeded by other relatively small con
ferences before the big national con
ference is held, and which shoult
mark decisive change in nationa
trend.
/, President Hoover has declared hi
support of the fve-day week and i
has been adopted in the department
of labor and in some of the indie
pendent governmental agencie
though its value has been partly de
stroyed by a ruling of Comptrolle
McCarl, whose dictates are beyon
the control or modification of an
governmental agency, including tn
president.
1t is regarded as certain that tn
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1932-08-12
FOOD PRICES
At Pre-War Level; Rent
and Clothing Still Up,
Index Shows
BY RALPH F. COUCH

Food prices now stand at the pre-
war level throughout the United
States, according to the index con-
structed monthly by the U. S. Depart
ment of Labor In some sections, the
price level is below the pre-war
standard by as much as II per cent.
The department has just completed
its index number for June. The num-
ber worked out to 1901. The price
level of 1913 is represented by 1000
points.
Clothing prices are % per cent
above the pre-war level. Rentals
stand at the same level.
Prices of food and clothing reached
a record peak in 1920. In that year
food prices stood at 119 per cent
above 1913, while clothing prices went
still higher to 1873 per cent.
Rentals were slower to strike the
uptrend than other necessities. In
1920 they had risen only 35 per cent
above pre-war standards. They
reached a maximum four years later
in 1924 when they rose to a point
68 per cent above the pre-war level
In the following year rents began tc
drop.
The record wear by year in per
centage of increase above 1913 were
averaged and weighted to form {
base from which to compute the in
crease. From 1914 to 1918, inclu
sive, the computation is made from
prices in December of each year. II
other years it covers June prices
Percentage of Increase Above 191;
Dr.ra r avail
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1932-08-12
LABOR'S PART
In World War Depicted In
Huge Panoramic
Painting

Washington, D. C. ILNS)-In the
largest painting in the world, now
housed here and on exhibition after
having been brought from France,
American trade unionism is depicted
at the height Of it's wartime power
and influence under the leadership of
the late Samuel Gompers.
in a specially built structure here,
modelled after the Paris original and
likewise called the Pantheon de la
Guerre, the huge picture called the
"cyclorama of the World War and it's
heroes" is on public exhibition.
The prominence of American labor
in the great painting is striking and
in amazing contrast to labor of other
countries. The picture is 402 feet
long and as feet high, and is so dis
played that the observer views it
from central point. 1t hangs against
the side of the circular exhibition
structure
In a descriptive book American la
boris part in the drama is mentioned
three times by reference to former
President Gompers and his wartime
co-workers. He appears in the paint
ing as one of the outstanding and
leading figures in Americas war ma
chine.
MANY trade unionists visiting Wash
ington are taking the opportunity to
see the picture. A reproduction prob
ably will be placed in the Gompers
memorial room in A. F. of L. head
quarters. The portrait of Mr.. Com
pers, like the others, is Of life size.
There are 5000 such life-sized fig
ures in the panorama which likewise
shows an accurate wartime land
scape.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1932-08-12
MINERS HELPED
idle MEMBERS

Hazleton, Pa. (ILNS)-Relief meas
ures for the unemployed in this sec
tor of the hard coal field are not
entirely dependent on the outcome of
the special legislative session, now in
progress at Harrisburg. Local agen-
cies have been at work for almost two
years caring for the families of idle
workers.
In the front of this movement was
the United Mine Workers of America
district organization in District No.
z, with headquarters in this city. AS
early as February, 1880, this branch
Of organized labor had foreseen the
gathering storm due to idle time.
Men employed at one closed colliery
were provided for at that time by
means of SO cents per month levy
on the men who still had work. From
that source over $4,000 was distrib-
uted in the calendar year of 1881.
Late in the fall of that same year
the miners of the Hazleton region
combined with the welfare agencies
of the field in a community effort that
raised over 100000 Of this sum
over $4,000 was contributed by the
mines division of the community drive
organization. 1t represented for the
most part day wage contributions, by
man yr,bo c+ill bod xuorlx Of +ba ,,oinoc
Work Eases Situation
Early in the present year there
came the legislative enactment in the
form of $10,000000 for relief from
state funds. This money is now near
ing an end It's distribution, however,
has been so allocated as to care for
the bulk of suffering families in this
field until the end of October and
possibly the end Of November. The
recent squirt in anthracite production
has put many men back to work, and
for a month, at least, they can be
taken off the relief distributions and
the way made for families who have
applications in with the organization
directing the state distribution. In
the meantime continued levies from
miners still at work permit the Off
cials of that organization to tide over
the gap with relief orders from the
district special fund set up in this
manner.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1932-08-12
WHAT NEXT?

New York's port operations are de-
signed to eliminate the last possible
man and operation. Rail to truck to
ship transfers are all but automatic.
While depression stalks the jobless
man machinery adds to his ranks.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1932-08-12
CAR MEN ADOPT
SIX-HOUR DAY

Portland,O re. (ILNS)-On its own
initiative and to forestall plans for
lay-offs, the Street Car Mems Union
here took a referendum vote on in
auguration of the six-hour day. II
carried by heavy majority, where
upon the union opened negotiations
with the company resulting in estab-
Iishlnent of six-hour day
Tie company had planned, as an
economy measure, to lay off many
platform men and inspectors by re-
routing and extension of the use Of
one-man cars.
The shorter day prevents the pro-
posed lay-offs.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1932-08-12
MANAGEMENT
Sees Bogeys, All Bound Up
in Traditions
By STAFF CORRESPONDENT

By STAFF CORRESPONDENT
New York City (ILNS)-Manage-
ment circles are commenting vigor-
ously and variously on the American
Federation of Labor's demand for inn
mediate Inauguration of the 3O-hour
work week.
Much of the comment misses the
main points of the federation's de-
mand and sounds like the talk of
amateurs, instead of the discussion
of experts.
An example of this is in the some
what general comment on the diff
culties of changing from the eight
hour day to the six-hour day in or
der to provide the 30-hour week.
Experts" Miss Point
1t seems to be taken for granted
that plants must operate eight OF
more hours day, regardless of those
considerations that, in labor's view
have made the 30-hour week impera-
tive. 1t appears that a great segment
of management is so tradition bound
that it cannot grasp the idea of q
plant operating only six hours day
Heads are bowed in thought anC
brows are furrowed in the effort to
devise ways of providing a six-houl
day with plants running eight and
more. Management seems to miss
the point that the work week must be
adjusted to human needs.
Two plans are generally offered, one
being 12-hour operating day with
two shifts, the other vaguely stag.
gered day with overlapping shifts.
Too Many Blind Men"
Management is frightened, too, al
the possibility of wage increases co.
incident with changes to shorter
work day and week, bringing highe,
prices into the picture before there is
any proof of necessity for higher
prices, and totally oblivious to the
fact that it is machine production
that has created the employment i'm
passe by the subjection of workers
rights and interests to machine ca
pacity, and that the hour has arrived
for a definite and complete abandon
ment of the old idea.
Comment that has developed here
since the A. F. Of l.. executive coun
cil's pronunciamento from Atlanti'
City offers little hope for any genera
cooperation from management as :
whole, with outstanding and remark
able exceptions. The inclination il
apparently to regard the situation il
the light of it's effect upon industry
apart from workers. whereas the con
dition that demands change is con
dition affecting workers primarily.
For the most part engineers an
management experts seem like chill
dren afraid to enter room not ye
!, fully lighted.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1932-08-12
By STAFF CORRESPONDENT

High Point, N. C. (ILNS)-The
wheels are turning again in % of this
city's hosiery mills. A compromise
settlement was reached late Saturday
afternoon when Gov. O. Max Gard
ner dashed in here from Raleigh to
act in the role of mediator Approx
mately 5000 workers who staged
spontaneous rebellion two weeks ago
in protest of sharp wage cuts went
back to their machines Monday
morning.
The $40 men and women who are
wont to toll in the Adams Mills full
fashioned hosiery mill here have
been unable to get satisfactory set
tlement out of the numerous confer
ences they have held with officials of
that plant. They are out on strike
and indicate their intention of staying
out until severe wage cut orders is
Fight for Living Wage
The fight for "a living wage" is
still in progress at the Highland Cot
ton Mill, which is part of the series
of textile plants owned and operated
by the Adams Mills interests. The
poles are about as near together as
the workers and management appear
to be this week, and no early settle
ment is in sight.
| Walkouts of workers in industrial
plants of this section are of almost
daily occurrence as the Cheap" labor
of Piedmont North Carolina is asked
to become even cheaper. Many points
are affected and interest and concern
over the prospect of the apparently
unorganized but nevertheless deter
! mined uprising of Southern labor
against low wages has assumed ma
tional proportions. 1t is believed that
anxiety over the effect a prolonged
strike of the thousand of hosiery mill
operatives of this city would have in
inspiring other wage protest demon
strations precipitated Gov. Gardner's
| sudden part in the strike here.
Protest Is Peaceful
/ The spontaneous rebellion against
cheap wages and further drastic cuts
! in wages that have long been too
meager has been conspicuous for the
absence of disorder. It has also been
impressive because of the determi-
nation and unity of the striking oper-
atives in almost every instance.
A storm of protest and condemna-
tion has followed the sending of the
bulk of the highway patrol force to
the strike area to preserve order. Or
ganized labor groups of the state
have been engaged for days is lodg-
ing formal protests with government
officials. Editorial criticism has been
sufficiently vigorous to attract more
than passing notice. A political
bomb shell has been exploded in the
political arena. It's repercussions will
probably cost E. B. Jeffress, chairman
of the recently created North Caro-
lima highway commission, the nomi-
nation for governor in 1886. The
| Greensboro publisher has long cher
ished an ambition to take up his resi-
dence in the executive mansion, and
the present administration has indi-
Gated its willingness to aid and abet
the Jeffress candidacy.
Danger In Armed Force
But the sending of the "patterroll-
ers" to High Point to break a strike