davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-07-26
ENTRIES FOR HORSE SHOW
Special Dispatch to The Star.

Special Dispatch to The Star.
BERRYVILLE, Va, July 25.-Among
the early entries listed for the Berry,
vile Horse Show, August IS and IA,
is the stable of Mr. and Mrs. John Hay
Whitney of Upperville, which is ranked
as one of the best in the State.
All of the hunter classes are filling
up rapidly, and indications are that
this years show will be one OF the big
gest ever held here
The local association has installed
starting stalls for its race course, which
is a great improvement over me old
system.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-07-26
CONFEDERATE REUNION
TO BE HELD AUGUST |
Annual Events at Fishers Hill to
Be Continued as Memorials
to Men in Gray.
Special Dispatch to The Star.

Special Dispatch to The Star.
WINCHESTER, Va, July 25.-The
Fishers Hill reunion of Confederate
veterans, which formerly drew thou
sands of veterans and theii friends
until the thin gray line" has become
almost extinct, will continue as a me-
mortal to the former Southern soldiers,
and will be held August l. it was an
nounced today, on the Fishers Hill bat
the owner. will be host to all veterans
who attend, and will entertain them
at dinner.
Others are to take lunches A pro-
gram of outdoor entertainment is being
provided. The picnic usually is an
occasion for reunions by hundreds of
Virginia Valley Families.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-07-26
PICE:C is POSTPONED
Carroll County Group Will Hold
Fete August 10.
Special Dispatch to The star.

Special Dispatch to The Star.
MOUNT AIRY, Md, July 25.-The
annual picnic of the Carroll County
Homemakers' Clubs. which was sche-
duled to be held here next Wednesday,
has been postponed until August 10. 1t
was decided by the committee in charge
to choose some other location than the
one previously selected.
The committee on arrangements in
cludes: Mrs. Randall Spoerlien. chair
man. New Windsor; Mrs. Chester r.
Hobbs, Mount Airy: Mrs. Edgar Myers,
Westminster, and Mrs. J. J. Sanders,
TeueytoWn.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-07-26
PROPERTY SALE STOPPED
Restraining Order Issued Against
Doctor in New Market, Va.

Special Dispatch to The Star.
WINCHESTER, Va. July 25.-Mrs
Lola B. Walton has been granted an
order OF Injunction in Shenandoah
County Circuit Court restraining her
husband, Dr. L. E. Wslton, New Mar
ket, from selling his property in that
county. and has also filed suit for
divorce, alleging cruelty. ......
Her action followed the arrest and
incarceration Of DR.. Walton on a charge
of operating an automobile while in
boxicated after his permit had been
previously revoked in Luray on SIM
liar charge.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-07-26

Mr. and Mrs. James Walkinshaw Of
Millerhill, Scotland, who recently cele<
brated their ruby wedding. have II chill
dren, so grandchildren and 80 great
grandchildren :
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-07-26
WAYNESBORO WILL GET
FREE LIGHTING SYSTEM
Power Company to Donate "White
Way" for Downtown as Model
for Other Towns.

for Other Towns.
Special Dispatch to The Star
STAUNTON. Va. July 25.-Within
so days the business section Of the
nearby town of Waynesboro will be
illuminated by lighting system equal
to that of any city in Virginia.
The project, which will cost the
Virginia Public Service Co. approx
mately $4,000 and will be donated to
the town free of cost, will be the culmi-
nation of a movement started by A.
w Higgins, president of the Virginia
Public Service Co. who declares it will
be a model for other unlighted towns
in Virginia.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-07-26
AMATEURS ARROW WINS
Homemade Shaft Sets New World
FLIGHT Record.

PORTLAND. Greg. July Is (P.-
Homer Prouty, Portland, fitted home
made arrow to a homemade bow at the
Western Archery Associations tourna-
ment here today and sent the missile
singing through the air more than 466
yards-over a quarter of a mile and a
new world flight record.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-06
LETTER GU T
By Charles H. Joseph.


something that always like to be-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-06
Shakespeare eAll Wrong.

Shakespeare was all wrong when he
wrote the lines about the scaoolboy
creeping like . snail unwiilingly 70
school. 1t might have been so IN his
excellent authority that the most sig-
nificant advance In education IN the
past 30 years is the changed attitude Of
the child toward the opening Of school.
It has changed from resentment to Joy.
Formerly the teacher undertook to
make the new generation like the old.
with nothing 70 make the class room at
tractive TO the young student, but now
the children are surrounded with condi-
tons that will stimulate them, develop
when Johnny says he does not like
school, the trouble Is with the school
and not with Johnny
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-15
DREADED GEAR-SHIFT LEVER
HELD MAGIC AID TO MOTORIST

In the battle for supremacy as the
most important unit in car perform
ance, excluding the engine, the trans
mission is making unexpected headTay
and has proven the automOtive prophets
to be VIGOROUSLY bad guessers. The
transmission is decidedly in" and the
clutch is in line for being out"
Because of newer and more ingenious
tranSmissiOns drivers can 90 from high
70 second, or vice versa, with half
dozen makes Of American cars without
touching the clutch. A new system,
now available for any make of car,
makes II possible TO accomplish all
shifts, even reverse, without pressing
the clutch pedal. A few years ago the
clutch was pictured as being slated for
handling the complete transmission OF
power. putting the gearset out Of the
picture forever.
Engineers now believe the transmits
sion holds the key 70 a number Of fu-
ture developments In the control and
performance Of cars. In its present
trend it BIDS fair 70 become the engines
full-tlne collaboration rather than as
mere assistant. Fourteen different kinds
of transmissions are now found on
Adard models, with others in the
ofing
Few care 10 venture the prediction as
70 where the transmission is headed
with regard TO its ultimate type, but
engineers admit that it is definitely on
the way toward co-starring with the
motor. Some picture 1t as eventually
having more 10 do with performance
than the power plant itself
Gone are the notions that the trans
mission of the day would be merely an
emergency reserve unit to be used under
unusual circumstances and during re-
yersal. The change has come swiftly
on the heels Of the struggle TO do away
with the gears altogether. Only last
year statesmen were demonstrating cars
with the gear-shift lever removed. To-
day the prospects attention is immeoi-
ately directed TO the magic lever, which
seems 70 be capable Of the impossible.
Whether the car carries a vacuum
operated clutch. free wheeling. double
high, silent second or synchro-mcshlng
1t is the transmission that becomes the
center Of attraction. Remarkably
enough. the ney effects are obtained
with the driver being required TO Learn
practically nothing new. Depressing z
button at the top Of the shift lever
seems 10 be about the limit Of added
education" His principal business i;
TO learn TO forget lot Of the conven-
tional things he used TO do with tn
clutch.
Millions of drivers who used II
soluble clutch" can put this trick away
with the linen buster and the hanc
crank No more is it necessary to re-
sort 70 ingenuity with the accelerator
Those difficult hesitations in neutra
are ruled out Of present requirement s
IS Is the actual depressing Of the clutter
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-15

pedal in a number Of cars. The shift
lever is commencing to do wonders.
Some far-seeing engineers who rate
the present automobile as a poor ex-
CuSe for an efficiently operated vehicle
expect TO be able to drive their 1941
cars almost entirely with the aid Of the
shift lever. using this device not only
for steering, but for operating the en-
CINE and brakes as well. Since
future brakes will be vacuum, air or
electrical in action, their remote control
by a minor movement of some part of
the shift lever is not by any means i'm
probable. Many will recall that the old
time cars once steered with tiller The
airplane may conceiyably influence car
design.
It has been predicted that with multi
cylinder engines clutches could be so
designed as to enable the driver TO
start and 60 through all driving ranges
Of performance without the assistance
Of special gearing through the trans
mission This prediction virtually came
true, but meanwhile engineers were re-
designing the transmission to provide
performance not possible where the
clutch or some comparable device is re-
he'd upon to transmit the power. If the
TRANSMISSION is left in high for all driv-
ing today, assuming that the clutch
would not be strained, the car would
not be able to achieve its best perform
ance. In fact, it would fall far short Of
its full capabilities.
Copyright, 1881, by the Russell service)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-15
STATES BACKWARD
IN LICENSE LAWS
EyeSight Conservation Guild
Holds Vision Tests
Necessary.

Most of the States are still backward
in demanding good eyesight of auto
drivers as a measure of accident pre-
vention, a survey Just completed by the
Eyesight Conservation Council Of Amer
lea discloses. The council, of which
Proctor L. Dougherty, former District
Commissioner, is director, aims to bring
about the adoption in every State of a
standard vision test.
Only 10 of the 40 States, it was
shown, have standard license laws for
the operation of motor vehicles. They
are: Arizona, California, Connecticut,
Delaware, Massachusetts,, Maryland,
New Hampshire. New Jersey, New York,
Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont,
West Virginia.
Tests in 10 States.
OF these, 10 require that all appli-
cants for license to drive be given an
eye test, and that any defect be cor
rected to a certain standard before
license is issued The States with this
requirement are: California, Connect
cut, Delaware, Maryland, Massac husetts,
New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York,
Pennsylvania, Rhode Island. Only five
of these States give tests for color blind
ness.
Eleven States have no drivers. license
laws whatever. sixteen have chauffeurs'
license laws only, and eight have sub
standard license laws. Some Of the mo-
tor vehicle commissioners, Mr.. Dough-
erty said, regard the eye tests as of para
mount Importance. and are constantly
working to improve their facilities for
making these tests thorough California
and Massachusetts, are examples of this
tendency. In Massachusetts, the test is
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-15
ORDINARY DRIVER HELD VAGUE
CONCERNING, OPERATING COSTS
Careful Recording of Expenditures of Car
Will Prove Valuable Asset to
Automobile Owners.

the essential items OF cars cost Of
running.
1t is well, in this connection. TO
keep accounts for gasoline. oil. tires
and tubes, maintenance, license, ga
rage rent and insurance. Some people
also provide for depreciation and in
terest. AS costs are generally expressed
in terms of miles, to make ones fig
ures comparable to other available
data, the mileage should likewise be re-
corded. 1t Is then simple matter Of
arithmetic to determine the cost of
operating per mile
If the family budget is on rnonthly
basis, total of each account should
be arrived at each month. These
closely, for the more expensive opera
ton in the Winter may be Offset by
more mileage in the warmer months.
Anent New Drivers.
The new purchaser Of a car should
take it upon himself to become ac-
quainted with all the data that the
industry selling him his car can give
him concerning the upkeep of his par
ticular machine. He should make ccm-
parsons from time to time between
these figures and his own annual aver
ages. If his costs are found to be very
much in excess of those which are
investigate the matter very thoroughly.
If specific averages for individual
cars are not available, the findings Of
T. r. Agg and H. S. Carter of Iowa
State College are valuable in helping
one to gauge his operating costs. In
the first place, Agg and Carter. after
a study of the cost records covering
about 800 automobiles which operated
in various parts of the country and
Upra driven IN avpTaua Of mn
miles year. found that the average
miles per gallon of gasoline ranged
from l4.95 for a light four-cylinder
car to 1402 miles for a heavy six
cylinder machine.
Total Operating Costs.
Regarding total operating costs per
mile, these we're found to average 6.02
cents for the light four-cylinder and
increase to 9.45 cents for the heavy six
cylinder car Comparing these figures,
maintenance and depreciation consti-
tuted the two most significant factors.
They were both found to increase di-
rectly with the power of the car, being
LOS cents and 1.25 cents, respectively,
for the four. and increasing to 203
cents and PSI cents. respectively for
the heavy six. The gasoline item was
next in importance, varying slightly
from 434 cents for the four to l.42
cents for the heavy six. In the first
instance, gasoline costs constituted Is
per cent of the running expenses, while
in the latter case it was IS per cent
Of the costs. As heavier tires are more
expensive than lighter ones, the eX-
penses for tires ranged directly accord
ing to the size of the car, from 0.6
cent for the light four to o.9 cent
for the heavy six.
Mr.. Brokaw will be glad to answer
any questions which a reader of these
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-15

past 10 years has produced in improve
ment of the primary system. With only
1850 miles of the 17,000-nile county
trunk highway system completed, it is
obvious that there is plenty of room for
development in this direction, but it
will come through the gradual extension
of State supervision wherever the road
dollar goes. From this example" Mr..
Markham concludes, 'other states may
profit greatly"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-15
OILING BIDS RECEIVED
23S.S1 Miles of Maryland Roads
to Be Resurfaced.
Special Dispatch to The Star.

Special Dispatch to The Star.
BALTIMORE, March 14.-BidS for
the 1891 road-oiling program of the
State Roads Commission have been re-
ceiyed by that department.
The road oil necessary for the 1881
miles of roadway, which has been esti-
mated at l,091,175 gallons, was in
cluded in the bids Of contractors for the
work. which is well scattered about the
State.
The district, including seven counties,
Anne Arundel, Montgomery, Prince
Georges, Calvert. Howard, Charles and
ST. Marys Counties. will receive the
largest percentage Of this road treat
ment, having 1875 miles TO be done.
Forty-four miles Of the oiling win be
carried out in the Eastern Shore coun-
ties with the balance being distributed
in Baltimore, Hartford and the Western
counties.
The mileage included for oiling this
year is somewhat lower than that Of
$780, when the commission oiled 4l4.l7
miles Of roadway. with 1.279,82l gal
Ions Of this type Of surfacing material.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-15
AUTOMOTIVE BRIEFS

A new dealer agency for Dodge and
Plymouth automobiles has been estab-
lished at BOLT Fourteenth street. The
firm is headed by Wilbur V. Leech and
Walter L. Carter, both we'll identified
in the automotiYe world for many years.
Announcement has been made of the
appointment of Thomas Furrey to the
branch managersaip of the Washington
factory outlet of Durant Motor
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-15
Avoid Sudden Stops.

Careful drivers avoid sudden stops
except in emergencies. The general
practice of applying brakes sudden
ly causes strain on the car and
makes more frequent adjustments than
would otherwise be necessary.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-15
BOokkeeping system.

exhaustive. embracing visual acuity,
field of vision, and color perception.
Pennsylvania has greatly improved
its facilities for eye examination, and
has inau&urated a new system. Of rec
ords. Over a five-year period, 1850 APP
plicants with defective vision have been
especially examined, and later granted
licenses. Nearly 1000 persons were
found to be blind in one eye, according
to a report from Benjamin G.. Eynon,
Pennsylvania commissioner OF motor
vehicles"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-15
Local Councils Proposed.

The Eyesight Conservation Council
proposes to establish local councils
throughout the country to stg6y motor
conditions and work for town. munici-
pal and State regulation undec a uni
form plan Modern conditions of speed,
traffic density and the necessity for
sharper observance of traffic signals
have made good motor vision an essen
tial of public safety, the council de-
clares
L. w. Wallace Of Washington, execu-
tive secretary Of the American Engi-
neering Council, founded 10 years ago
under the headship Of Herbart Hoover,
is chairman of the board Of the Eyesight
Conservation Council. Associated with
him are leading engineers, Government
officials, safety experts and civic lead
ers.
A uniform system of traffic signs, sig
mails and markings for the Nation has
been devised by the Engineering Coun-
Gil, with which tha Eyesight Council
co-operated in the countrywide assay
conducted by President Hoover's Com
mittee on the Elimination of Waste in
Industry
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-15
Milady's Motoring
BY FREDERICK C. RUSSELL.

weather the better the radio reception
is apt to be, car radio being somewhat
the reverse of the home variety. This
is because there is better grounding if
the tires are wet. Standing the car in a
puddle will help you get better recep-
ton.
Remember that if you are backing
your car you may have no legal grounds
for defense if you collide with one that
is parked or running in forward di
rection.
Hydraulic shock absorbers will work
more stif1y in cold weather, but you
will find that by keeping on the go
the car will ride easier. Shock abb
sorbers heat up with action and thus
thin their fluid.
Cash-and-carry customers should re-
member to place eggs and other break
ables on the car floor and not on the
seat cushions. This would have been
poor policy in the days when cars rode
like buckboards, but today sudden stop
ping will send any loose articles on
the cushions sliding off to the floor.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-15
BY H. CLIFFORD BROKAW,
Automobile Technical Adviser.


The ordinary owner is generally as
vague upon the subject of his cars
operating costs as the business man
who conducts his firm without a sys-
tenn of careful bookkeeping. In both
instances facts are replaced by guesses,
and seldom is either individual certain
that his money is being put to the
best advantage. In the case of the
business man, one line may be support
ing all of the rest. BY means of a
good costing system this maladjust-
ment is detected and the owner tends
to specialize upon the more profitable
article.
Repair Work Forgotten.
In the case of the car owner, he may
recall that on the average he fills his
gasoline tank every so often and that
he has his oil changed periodically. He
may also be able to tell you how many
tires and tubes he purchased during the
year. but as to the little repairs and
services he has no recollection, unless
the bills were such a shock as to keep
their amounts inscribed upon his men,
| DRY. Because of this indefiniteness in
what his car really costs him, the
owner Of an automobile has little upon
| which to gauge whether his or his
neighbours represents the best invest
ment.
The use of a costing system may
prove to an owner that for his purpose
and means the car which he drives is
a liability instead Of an asset. He may
find, too, that he is paying too much
for gasoline for the average mileage he
secures. This should lead him to in
vestigate and remedy the difficulty. He
may find also that a change in the
brand of his tires is advisable and that
periodic servicing is much cheaper than
waiting until necessity takes him to
| a garage.
A careful recording of expenditures
not only gives the car owner an &C
curate basis on which to judge the
value of his automobile, but assists him
in making future provisions for its
needs A budget for the car is as es-
sential as budget for the family.
Bookkeeping System.
A simple system of bookkeeping that
meets the ordinary requirements OF the
average owner Of an automobile might
consist of an accurate recording of
| each expenditure, as made, in small
! notebook carried by the individual HIM
I self or in one of the pockets of the
/ car. The latter method has an adj
vantage over the first in that the ex-
penditure can be recorded when it is
| made, regardless of who is driving the
machine Space should be provided in
| the notebook for the entering of dates
| and the itemized amounts for each OF
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-15

Mr. Brokaw will be glad TO answer
any questions which reader of these
articles may have.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-15

When waiting at the school house
for the children the woman who drives
radio-equipped car is lucky indeed
Boredom need not trouble her. even
though the Riddles may be tardy get
ting out. Moreover, the worse the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-15

The best of brakes may squeal a
little if they are applied too lightly.
Vibration of the brake shoes explains it.
The Nome nugget., 1931-06-27
Notice of Final Settlement.
 No. 398.

h the Probate Court for the Cape Nome Precinct, Territory of Alaska. Second Division.
 In the Matter of the Estate of Thomas John Wilmore, deceased. Notice is hereby given to Fran cis Wilmore, 54 Green Street, ko- garah, in the State of New South Wales. Australia. and to all other persons interested in said Estate: That the administrator Of the Estate of Thomas John Wilmore. deceased. has filed in said Court and cause. his Final Account as such administrator. and that Mon day the 9th day of July. 1881. at the hour of eleven o'clock in the forenoon of said day. has been fixed by the Court as the date of hearing tse objections. if any. to said Final Account and the settle ment of the same. and also that at said time and place the Court will adjudicate who the heirs and distributes of decedent are.
 THOS. D. JENSEN,
 Administrator. Publish May g. 1S. g, 30. and June $, 1881.
The Nome nugget., 1931-06-27
DROWNIkGS END PICNICs

SANTA ROSA. June p. tAP) nings term mated four north eru California Sunday outings. cost ing the lives of $ men.
 Two plcnicsrs, who couldn't swim plunged into Salmon Creek in an effort to save 8 Swear old boy who had waded beyond his depth,
 A boat capcized in the Petaiuma River and two fishermen were drowned Two others completing the six who lost their lives. were swim mers who were drowned in separate accidents in Russian Rtv- CT. The twp who: were drowned in their attempts to save a boy were Jos. Deyiro and Marius Lung erford. The boy was later rescued
The Nome nugget., 1931-06-27
BRING OUT INDICTMENTS

DEROIT, June g. (AP)-Tha mayor of the. suburb town of Hamtramck. Rudolph Tenerowicz. and fourteen others including sev- eral public officials. were named in 16 ipdictm ents brought in by the grand jury. Prosecution officials attached to the jury said therA were seven indictments alone cast against the mayor, three of them being major charge The indict- ments include a conspiracy to ac- cept bribes in the operation of dis orderly horses, also bribes for city dump contracts, and also in the de partment of public works.