davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-08
MODERN DARYING
BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN.

in ana out Of both clean and unkempt
kitchens Unfortunately, while the
dipper came into contact with home
receptacles Of varying degrees or clean
illness.
Physicians began to trace all man
ner Of illnesses to milk. Scientists be-
gan finding innumerable germs disport-
ing themselves in the fluid.
Individuals and societies commenced
investigations. They found the most
appalling conditions in the barns OF
the milkmen. The mi1kmen In gen.
eral had never heard OF sanitation. a
COW was an animal and naturally dirty
and that was all there was to It. Then,
too, It was not unheard Of for arnhi-
tiouS milkmen TO enlist the aid of the
barnyard pump or the water tap in
adding to their vendable supplies.
Publicity resulted and public health
officials became interested. The result
was one Of the most sweeping reforms
in public service which have ever taken
place in the history of the country. In
Spection systems were set up by city
governments, and diaries which did not
maintain q high degree Of sanitation
on their premises and in their equip
ment were refused permits to sell. Also,
dealers were required to submit their
product to public chemists for analysis
for O determination Of the purity and
proper milk content.
Effect Of Reform.
While the reform had an almost Inn
mediate effect In raising the health
standard, 1t also had q sweeping bust
ness effect. The small milkman found
that it costs money to keep clean. No
longer could he water his milk. The
analysis would catch that. Inevitably
the smaller men began to retire or, II
the size Of their business warranted,
were able to sell out to companies which
dairy came into being.
Once forced to this higher standard,
the diaries concluded to take advantage
Of the situation. Instead Of cringing
from the inspector as some did in the
early days, they began to boast Of the
indispensable fineneSs Of their milk.
The American people, being 80 silscept-
ible to advertising, took notice and at
that point milk consumption began to
increase.
Once started there was no end 10
the campaign. Not only was the clean
illness of the distributing establishments
Dragged about, but publicity was given
to the breeding and gentility OF the
cows from which the milk came. Model
dairy farms captivated the public mind.
Pedigreed bossies received publicity ale
ulUot cqud4 W OPCAd SAASCAos AAC 4OAO JIG
which had arisen in connection with
the discovery Of Observation-Disclosures
cows resulted in the execution OF some
SAC, 100000 worth Of cattle
Foot-and-mouth disease guarantees
were established as vigorously a. would
be smallpox guarantees.
Two other important steps were in.
cluded in the reform wave-pasteuriza-
ton and the introduction Of the milk
bottle.
And so, because public demand for
q better product was met-partly by
compulsion, partly by voluntary action
the dairy industry finds itself wealth.
ering the storm Of business depression
far better than most industries.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-08

Frequently stories are prompted by
questions. Lincoln had habit of
saying, THAT reminds me of story"
A pertinent story that strikingly illus
trates a point Is often more effective
than argument. The master of story
telling was Jesus of Nazareth.
1t was said OF Him that without a
parable (Which is a story spake He
not unto them" Some one has said
recently the story that is best adapted
to the present age is that of 1.-THE
Good Samaritan" Here again 1t was
prompted by q question. We read that
lawyer asked the momentouS ques-
ton, What shall 1 do to inherit
eternal life?" HE said unto him,
What is written in the law? how
readsst thou? And he, answering,
said, Thou shalt love the Lord try
God with all thy heart and with all
thy soul and with all thy strength and
with all thy mind, and thy neighbor
as myself" Jesus readily responded,
Thou hast answered right" The
lawyer, to justify himself, asked the
further question, "Who Is my neigh
bor?" It was in response to this that
Jesus related the dramatic story Of
the man going down from Jerusalem
to Jericho who fell among thieves, the
Levite and the despised Samaritan who
gave to the unfortunate man the need
ed assistance and relief.
The whole story Is a fine definition
Of what constitutes true neighborli-
ness. It is worthy of remark that
Jesus linked kindly service rendered
to an unfortunate wayfarer with the
gift of eternal life. In fine, while He
placed the love and worship of God as
of primary Importance, He gave second
place to love for and service to our
fellow men. He placed no limitation
upon the terms of this service. 1t was
not restricted to any prescribed area.
He implied that wherever an oppor-
tunity for service was found there the
obligation was manifest.
1t Is our habit to think Of the gift
Of eternal life as something which
comes to us through an act of faith or
worship. 1t is certainly this In part,
but an act Of faith in the conception
Of the Master may express itself in
terms of service. Too frequently we
conceive of the expression of our reli-
gious life in terms Of a creed or in an
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-08
SHOOTING STARS.
BY PHILANDER JOHNSON.
Departed EIOquence.

Departed EIOquence.
We have been taught of late to fear
The phrases, resonant and bold;
Nor sorrow that we do not hear
Great oratory, as Of old.
To measurements minute we turn.
For mechanisms new we strive.
OF distant space we seek to learn.
Silent, men study and contrive.
And yet emotions deep arise.
The thought of glory still will come,
To find, beneath story-laden skies,
The heartbeat echoing to the dsum!
With simple speech we are eU1tant.
We ask not that our hearts be STIRRED
BY powers that are eloquent,
And may bring terror with word.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-08

A change In the taste Of the Ameri-
can people which, in the last 80 years,
has caused them to turn from bread to
dairy products is largely responsible
for the fact that the dairy industry has
been least affected by the depression
and present a sharp contrast to other
groups Of farmers seeking relief.
During this period Americans have
reduced their annual per capita con-
sumption of grain products by the
equivalent of so loaveS of bread. Con-
currently. they have increased their
annual per capita consumption Of dairy
products by $50 pounds in terms OF
milk.
This would appear to indicate that
consumption Is the key to farm pros
perity and eloquently recalls the or
| ganized efforts which dairymen have
| made to popularize their products. The
broad economic results which have &C
| crued, affecting the entire structure OF
agriculture, would appear to suggest
| that it pays to advertise.
Three billion dollars a year, or one
fourth of the total annual income OF
| the entire farm industry, including the
growers of the grain staples, the live
stock producers, the fruit and vegetable
men and all other branches of the agri-
| cultural industry Is realized by the
dairymen Of the United States, This Is
by way Of illustration, considerably
more than twice what Is realized an
nually by cotton planters.
While agriculture generally Is recog-
| nized to have suffered more sharply
than any other great division OF
American productive effort from the
depressed period, the dairy industry not
| only stands out conspicuously from the
| farm class, but makes a far better
| showing than most other industries. In
! fact, it seems to- have resisted, better
than almost any other industry, the
forces of business recoil.
1t IS automatic that q man thinks
| more OF his health, once it is threat
ened, than Of any other possession he
has. Every one is familiar with the
| oft-taught lesson Of the middle-aged
millionaire who Is willing to trade his
| millions back II by doing so he may
recover his vigor. And, too, every nor
| NAL American parent Is extremely So
! licitous for the health of growing chill
dren, especially infants.
Publicity Pays.
Recognizing these basic social facts,
| the dairymen Of the United States have
| widely .publicized the generous vitamin
| qualities. Moreover, they have empha-
sized the measures they have taken to
insure the purity of their product.
1t must not, however, be overlooked
that the public itself pushed the dairy
| men into their advantageous position
and swung open for them the gateway
to their present coign of business sta
bility.
Before the days Of the modern dairy
the people of the cities were served by
small, independent milkmen. These
men were cOnSDiclIOliS for their early
rising and, it was claimed, careless and
dirty methods of handling their prod
uct. Only the younger generation will
have forgotten the milkman who came
to the door with his large metal can
and dipper. The milk was dipped out
from the can reservoir in the quantity
the housewife bespoke. The can went
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-08
Four Miles a Minute.

One of the most remarkable and sig
niflcant features of the new worlds
automobile speed record of two hun
bred and forty-fve miles an hour, set
up Thursday by Capt. Malcolm Camp
bell in his n-hundred-hor
racing car, is the fact that he did not
change tires in the course Of his nine
mile run each way on the natural
speedway at Daytona Beach. When
the late Sir Henry Segrave came to this
country in 1929 to put the mark at
two hundred and thirty-one miles an
hour he remarked that the best that
the tire manufacturers in England
could promise him was that his tires
would hold at speed of two hundred
and forty miles an hour for one run
of the beach, and in his trials he was
careful to change them each time be-
fore starting back. Capt. Campbell,
doing almost six miles an hour more
than the manufacturers could assure
Segrave was safe, demonstrated that in
the short space of two years the tech
nique Of tire construction has been
vastly improved, and in this demon
stration alone lies one of the valuable
phases Of his startling experiment of
driving an automobile at more than
four miles a minute.
Probably in the not far distant future
the construction of express highways
between large cities will completely
TsVolutionize the present traffic theory
on speed. Instead of a maximum limit
of speed there will be minimum limit
and on broad highways without inter-
sections Of any kind automobiles viii
fash by at speeds UP to one hundred
1A2les an hour. It viii be the allow
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-08

driver then who wiz be penalized and
not the fast one. The tendency Il ali
that way. And 1t Is just such tests as
Capt. Campbell has 80 successfully
passed through that lend impetus to the
movement.
Ten years ago the tire which would
deliver ten thousand miles of trouble
free service to the motorist was an
exceptional one. Today with the knowl-
edge gained from high-speed tests and
from researches as to the most durable
materials, fifteen, twenty and twenty
i've thousand miles are not uncommon
Ten years ago the stock car which
could do sixty miles an hour without
tearing the motor to pieces on Sus-
tanned run was a rarity. Today In
many machines cruising speed" OF
seventy, seventy-five or eighty miles an
hour can be successfully maintained for
hours under the proper road and traf-
f1c conditions. And lastly as the result
of general improvement In the motor
car, balloon tires, four-wheel brakes,
streamlining, sturdier steering apparatus
and greater safety in every component
partial from lessons learned on the
stern proving ground of experimental
tion--roads are being built and will
continue to be built adequately to take
care Of the new era in motoring.
Capt. Campbell's trip to this coun-
try, costing many thousands Of dollars,
is therefore not simply a sporting event
to give glory to an individual. Les
sons of incalculable value have been
learned from it and the knowledge &C
quired will go into the manufacture
of even better motor cars for the use
of the present generation.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-08
World Movement to
RemOnetiZe Silver
BY HARDEN COLFAx.

Financial authorities have been much
interested this week in addresses by sew
eral Of the leading directors of the Bank
of England, as well as other European
spokesman, advocating what amounts to
reconciliation of silver as an aid to
world business recovery. They believe
that this would raise, If not quite re-
store, the purchasing power OF more
than half the human race-the Chinese,
Indians, Mexicans and others.
Gold, these authorities point out, has
been accorded a value more than 60
times that of silver today, in spite Of
the fact that the relative production
Of the two metals has been what it Is
now for the past four or i've centuries,
approximately II ounces Of silver for
each ounce of gold. British f1nanciers
are coming to believe that an increase
in the value Of silver is absolutely eS-
sential to the prosperity Of British de-
tendencies and to her trade with China
and South America.
At the same time, after agreement
with American bankers, Mexico by gov
eminent decree now defers for two
tional debt, which totals more than
half billion dollars. This suspension
of gold payments on the Mexican debt
is regarded by bankers as offering an
other example Of the far reaching eco
nomic effects of the drastic decline in
the price Of silver.
Some American bankers are suggest
ing that the countries which have con-
tributed to the decline in silver would
do well to resume the coinage of silver
on more extensive scale, using q
higher silver content in their coins.
Silver IS now obtained largely as q
by-product of other metals. The low
price level, therefore, would not seem to
be q temporary one. Some authorities
believe that new uses for silver in the
industries, arts and sciences will help
stay further price fall, and the Bureau
Of Standards is now experimenting with
a method of utilization. It is generally
agreed that the price Of silver can be
stabilized, but the question is whether
the cost would be too great.
X r 4
Various efforts have been made In
Congress recently, notably by Senators
from silver producing States, to help the
silver mining industry, some Of them
taking the form of proposals to extend
a large gold loan to China, thus to
stimulate business. One of these sug-
gested q reshifting of war reparationS
by means of such a loan. Cabled adj
vices to the Department of Commerce,
however, show that China itself is not
in sympathy with the loan idea.
World distribution of gold also has
been given special attention here this
week. The United States and France
together now hold some 81 per cent of
all the gold stock. The approximate
figures for the United States on Febru-
airy were Just over four billion two
hundred million dollars worth and for
France two billion two hundred million,
Gold is coming into this country in q
steady stream. Last week, according 20
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-08
A Nebraska Experiment.
From the Oakland Tribune

From the Oakland Tribune.
Nebraska, which has gone in for corn
in a large way, is now to turn its atten-
ton to shopping. One Of the first acts
of its new Governor, Charles w. Bryan
brother Of the late william Jennings
Bryan, has been the organization of q
volunteer force Of secret police. Mem
bers are to work without pay and their
names and numbers will be kept as
secrets from the public. With all the
protection which a State can give them
this army of spies will be free to go
shopping about in the name of law and
order in the old State of Nebraska.
BY offering license to those who de-
light in looking in upon other folks
business the State is going Russia one
better for the Soviet secret police work
for pay while the Nebraska ones will
spy for the fun Of spying,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-08
Cheau Labor and Low Bids.

The low bid for q school building
project in Washington-an eight-room
addition to the Stuart Junior High
School-again has been submitted by
an out-of-town contractor, and, unless
there are unusual conditions relating
to discretion in the use of materials,
the Commissioners under the law have
no alternative and must place the con-
tract with the low bidder. The low
bidder, In this case, enjoys a favored
position among other bidding con-
tractors because Of the use Of cheap,
non-union labor. The differential in
the wage scale largely accounts for the
difference in bids.
The situation In connection with the
award Of contracts for District of
Columbia public buildings is well
enough known by this time to be
understood by everybody. BY law the
Commissioners have no discretion in
the matter. And as the law works,
contractors from out-of-town are able
to submit bids based on low wages,
eventually bringing in mechanics from
the States to compete with washington
mechanics who have established them
selves in the community on q recog-
nized scale of wages that should not
be reduced. To reduce the scale Of
wages means to lower the standard Of
living. Some of the very mechanics
who are denied work on these local
projects contribute through their taxes
to the public money that finances the
projects.
On last Wednesday the Senate
unanimously passed and sent to the
House bill by Senator Davis Of Penn
sylvania requiring contractors on public
buildings in Washington and elsewhere
to pay laborers and mechanics the wage
scale prevailing for similar work in the
community. and setting up the pro-
cedure for determining the prevailing
wage scale. The purpose of the bill.
which received the favorable 1ndorse-
ment Of Government officials and the
heads Of labor organizations, is to pre-
vent the very condition that exists here
when a low bidder from out-of-town
brings In foreign, cheap labor to fulfill
his contract The bill merely enacts
into legislation a policy already urged
by the Treasury Department in con-
nection with the Governments public
works program. So
The House should take up this bill
and complete its enactment at this
session. Furthermore, the bill should
be clear as to its application to public
works undertaken by that agency Of
the Federal Government, the District of
Columbia, and should remove any con-
dict which may exist between its pro-
visions and the mandatory provisions
Of the District appropriation bill re-
garding the award of contracts to the
lowest responsible bidder.
It is only through the passage of this
legislation that the workingmen of the
District may receive the protection
against unfair competition that IS given
the workingmen of other Jurisdictions
by their local governments. 1t is the
reasonable approach to q serious
problem. Bids for District of Columbia
work cannot and should not be re-
stricted to local contractors. But the
low bidder should be compelled to base
his bid and fulfill his contract obliga-
lions on a scale Of wages determined by
the prevailing scale of the community.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-08

the Department Of Commerce, no less
than 28 nations, chief among them
Canada and Cuba, sent us the yellow
metal. In 1880 the United States i'm
ported gold to the value of four hun
dred million dollars. the largest amount
In any year since 1921. Deducting eX-
ports, the net imports stood at some
two hundred eight-flve million.
u X X X
While the United States has been ac-
cused in some foreign capitals of hoard
ing an undue proportion Of the worlds
gold, our own flnanciers and economists
do not accept this theory. This week
owen D. Young, deputy chairman of
the Federal Reserve Bank of New York
and chairman of the General Electric
Co., told the Subcommittee of the Sem
ate Banking and Currency Committee
that in 1928 the Federal Reserve
Board regarded the supply of gold in
the United States as undesirably large.
In order, therefore, to strengthen for
eign exchanges, that our cotton ana
food products might move toward Eu-
rope, the Federal Reserve System took
measures by lowering its rates to fur
Their the export of gold. However, Mr..
Young believes the low rates continued
too long. If they had been advanced,
he said, they would not have permit
ted our speculative markets TO absorb
such q large amount Of credit"
4 X
The Bank for International Settle
ments, popularity known as the World
Bank, through which war PREPARATIONS
are to be made, has now entered the
discussions over gold movements AT
the request of the League of Nations, It's
board of directors, in conference with
the governors of the banks Of issue OF
Great Britain, France, Italy Germany,
Belgium and Japan. is considering ways
and means to mobilize gold from coun-
tries having surplus reserve to coun-
tries suffering from depreciation of gold
stocks" The conference has just ap-
pointed committee to arrange for gold
transfers on as economical basis as
possible. More economic and expedi-
ticus transfers Of gold balances will
help to further our commerce with the
rest Of the world by making exchange
less rigid.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-08

King Carol has been presented with
a gold telephone by the International
Telephone e. Telegraph Co. It makes
a handsome desk ornament, but even
a gold telephone may bring in the bad
news if there happens to be any.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-08

Superstitious weather observers assert
with regret that the ground hog, while
making occasional promises Of moisture,
is by no means doing his full duty by
his own prediction.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-08

Einstein has been charged with pirat-
ing some Of the ideas in his theories.
The court that hears the evidence in
this case will have its intellectual work
cut out for it.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-08

Sometimes indicating wetneSS and
then turning dry, many politician
has proved harder to guess than even
the climate.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-08

Publicity is being showered on smed-
ley Butler in spite Of the fact that
he appears to have no great need Of it
either as q professional lecturer or as
a screen star.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-08

Prof. Einstein does not hesitate to
remodel his ideas on the assumption
that it is his own theory and he can
do as he likes with it.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-08

Some enterprising reformer might
organize an "Uncle Toms Cabin" troupe
to play a readapted version in Liberia.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-08

Agriculture in California is looking
forward to the possibility of making
a crop of grapes more reliable than
one Of corn or rye.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-08
All Other States and Canada.
Member Of the Associated Press.

The Associated Press is exclusively entitled
70 the use for republication Of all news dis
patches credited to It or not otherwise cred
tied in this paper and also the l0csi n, news s
special dispatches herein are also reserved.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-08

France Is represented IS looking for
ward to more war, in defiance Of the
ancient aphorism, Experience teaches"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-08

No Sartorial Splendor There.
From the Dayton Daily News.
Tailors may rave about clothes max
Ing the man, but you can't get away
from the case Of this Mr.. Gandhi.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-08
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Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-08

figure the thing over and see IL they
cannot reduce the big rates proposed
and stin not go to the poor house"