davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-10-14
BY NISIiI

THE underground rumblings which have been
increasing daily in the shaky capitalist world
have now broken out in a warlike explosion in
the Far East, in an armed invasion of China by
Japan.
In the night from IS to 10 of September, the
Japanese artillery suddenly opened fire. After
bombarding the Chinese troops and arsenals for
some hours, the japanese commenced to adj
vance Mukden, the capital of Manchuria, was
captured after an obstinate fight in which there
were hundreds of killed and wounded on both
sides. The Japanese troops advanced with ire
mendouS swiftness from the harbor town of
Dairen, along the Southern Manchurian railway
to Mukden and further northwards in the di-
rection of the Chinese Eastern railway as well
as in a southwestern direction along the Muk-
den-Tientsin- Picking railway, and occupied all
the strategically important points In view of
the superiority of the Japanese army, Chang
Hsue-Liang, the war lord of Manchuria ordered
his troops not to offer any further resistance.
Nevertheless, the concentration of Japanese
troops and warships is still going on. Accord
ing to reports from Tokyo, measures are being
taken in the Japanese naval dockyards to send
further WarshipS to North Chinese waters. The
Japanese war Ministry have instructed the jap
anese commander in Korea to make ready to
occupy the district of Tsingtao in the province
of Mukden, on the Korean frontier The Jap
anese broadcaSting station has sent out report
that all unsolved problems must be settled in ac-
cordance with the views Of the japanese author
tiles during the administration in Manchuria by
the Japanese military authorities.
The military occupation of Southern Man
churia is today an accomplished fact The ener-
getic, swift and planned manner in which this
action has been carried out prove that here we
have to do with long prepared military &C
ton with clear aims. The aim of the Japanese
mperalsts however is not as they assert, to
obtain satisfaction for the murder of the jap
anese captain Nakan ura in Manchuria, nor for
the blowing up of bridge on the Southern
Manchurian railway by Chinese troops.
Here it is case of an open outbreak of the
extremely fierce fight of the imperialists for
markets, for the final annexation of Manchuria
by Japan it is a prelude to the division of
bankrupt pourgeois-feudal China no longer into
spheres of influence but into colonies. The
Sino-Japanese conflict is in reality an episode
in the concealed fight fCf power in the Far East
between Japan and its allies, England and
France on the one side, and the United States
on the other Japan is also aiming at creating
a bulwark against the "Bolshevik danger" which
is growing also in the Far East: against the
Soviet Union and against the Soviet China which
is rising and upon whose banners there is in
scrbed, in addition to the social emancipation
of the toiling masses the national emancipation
of China and the expulsion of all imperialst
Powers.
When nearly two years ago, the Seiyukai gov
ernment headed by General Tanaka, was re-
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-10-14
Utilizing Even the Slightest Signs
of Protest of the Masses"

Only by conducting persistent systematic and
everyday struggle, only by really fighting for
the everyday interests of the workers and
utilizing even the slightest signs of protest of
the masses of the workers, against exploitation
and fascist reaction, will the Communist Par
ties be able to achieve the broad united front
from below. defeat Social Democracy, create
mass revolutionary trade unions, or revolution
airy trade union oppositions. win the majority
of the working class and lead the working class
to the decisive battle for the dictatorship of
the proletariat.
(From the Resolution of the 18th Plenum Of
the Communist internationally
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-10-14

The fact that number Of leading comrades in
their reports and speeches did not mention any
OF the lessons and experiences of the miners
strike and textile strikes, still further empha-
sizes the point that we participate in various
strikes without attempting to bear in mind the
lessons of previous strike struggles Allowing
for the differences in both industries yet there
was much in common in the recent strike
struggles.
We quite often repeat that theory is general
lied experience One of the reasons we do not
deepen our theoretical knowledge is because we
allow many important experiences of the class
struggle TO go by unstudied, not generalized.
We therefore see quite often that in relating
strike experiences the comrades merely describe
the events without seeing the background of
them and their inner connection, and the per-
spective flowing from the events The result is
that there is only an attempt to correct Incl
dentals of the struggle without creating the con-
ditions which will remove The basic causes Tor
committed errors
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-10-14

against the Soviet Union. The American Legion
acting as the tool and mouthpiece OF the capi-
talst war-mongers plainly tell the unemployed
ex-servicemen to get ready to become cannon
fodder or starve All this after the "War to
end Wars"
Only one organization Of veterans fights and
serves the interests Of the veteran, either jobleO
or employed, and that is the Workers Ex-Sers
vicemen's League. Together with the Unem-
poyed Councils, they must rally the disabled. the
jobess and worker ex-servicemen and EXPOSE
this new scheme TO enslave and militarize the
veteran jobless. They must fight for the inlme-
date payment of the bonus in full jobless in
surance, immediate cash relief for their fami-
lies non-eviction for inability to pay rent and
free gas and electricity Veterans join the
Workers Ex-Servicemen's League! Fight against
forced labor by yetcransi
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-10-14
Eugene Hats and Mascara

Dear Jorge-A few days ago read your
paragraph on the sectarianism Of the Young
Communist League. Here is a similar case:
Recently some Communists, whether unem-
ployed, marine workers or just what, I don't
know, came marching down Second Ave. for
the election campaign.
Gust coming out of our house, we were in
spired by band at the head, playing the In
ternationale. My husband, sister-in-law and I,
hurried across to join the demonstration.
Imagine my embarrassment when an oldlsh-
looking girl with wild flowing hair and typical
Russian blouse actually pushed us out OF line
and told us that we had no business there and
should go to the back.
"You see my sister in-law and were dressed
in Eugene hats and had on lip-stick. I wish
the comrade will read this and realize that to
organize the American young worker she will
have to put up with lot besides Eugene hats
and mascara I am sure other workers have
had similar experiences and should not hesitate
to write about them, as this helps to break down
the sectarianism which is driving many good
elements away from your movement-Mrs JIM"
All to the good contradict This idea OF In
sulting everyone who dresses according to the
ordinary standard (set by bourgeois custom
though it Isl of American workers, Is worse IMAM
Just foolish 1t is politically inpermissible.
1t reminds us of the old I.W.W, when any
body who showed up with white collar was
suspected of being dick in many cases and
made to feel unwelcome in all cases.
Conversely we have from experience become
suspicious of the intrinsic political stability OF
those who, being able to dress like the rest OF
the workers, go in for an attire that cries RED
as far as the eye see.
We recall that one of the most egoistic and
unprincpled opportunists it has been our mis-
fortune to meet Albert Weisbord, maintained
his dirty bourgeois policies while covering them
with the pose of ditch digger's outfit
Eugene hats and mascara, you are welcome
if you bring along a rebel against capitalism
Wild hair and Russian blouse, this is revolt
ton of the masses, not stage for star per-
formers We don't demand that you change
your shirt, but your attitude toward the masses
War is coming: Even Thompsons hasn-nouses
have sign up: "Pre-war prices" Only tney
forget to add-"with postwar indigestion"
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-10-14

Chinese government, the United States, and
kindling a fresh world war
In spite of the "Kellogg Pact" and the League
of Nations the imperialists, in accordance with
their nature, still resort to their last argument:
force of arms Two members OF the League of
Nations are at war According to the latest
reports, both parties are sending reinforcements
and fresh fights are proceeding. The fuse of
new world war has been lit. Only the unswerv
ing will 10 peace of the Soviet Union and the
revolutionary united front Of the toers OF all
counliies can prevent the fresh world slaughter.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-26

his wife went with him and he carried
their baby. It all came out afterward
that Judge Hargis and Sheriff Callahan
hired Nose Feltner to shoot Marcum in
the back, but Feltner's nerve failed
when he saw the baby In Marcums
arms. When HargiS heard that he
cursed Feltner and said:
"You should have sent him and his
brat both to hell. That kid will have
to be killed when it grows up anyway
Curt Jet agreed to kill Marcum, and
he did it in broad daylight, while scores
Of people were on the court house
square. AS Marcum stood on the court
house steps Jet came out behind him,
shot him in the back, and after he fell
shot him again, and then walked calmly
into Sheriff Callahan'S Office.
But the climax and end to the feuds
that had terrorized Breathitt County
for years came when Beach Hargis, 90
year-old son of Judge Hargis, entered
his fathers store, maddened by drink
and slew his own father. He shot five
bullets into his body and Judge Hargis
staggered back, crying:
Mercy, mercy, my son, you're killed
mel"
With q premonition that he was to
be killed, Judge Hargis had gone to
Cincinnati a month before and paid
$500 for q steel and mahogany, silver
plated CONN, to await orders, and when
he was shot his widow wired:
Send the Hargis comm at once"
HargiS was buried in 1t. His son was
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-26

was up for sheriff. James Cockrell, their
enemy, was running for town marshal.
Hargis and Callahan were elected, but 1t
was said they stole the election, and j.
B. Marcun1, young lawyer, filed con-
test against them. A few days later
Ben Hargis, brother of Judge James
Hargis, and Jim" Cockrell quarreled,
both drew pistols and Cockrel killed
Hargis. Judge Hargis committed Cock
rell to jail without bail
DR.. B. D. Cox, six feet tall, kinSman
Of Cockrell, demanded his release and
by that act sealed his own doom. Judge
Hargis decreed that ne must die. That
night DR.. Cox was called out to see a
sick man, AS he returned, passing the
Hargis barn, fusillade OF shots rang
out and DR.. Cox cried out as he fell
"Oh Lord oh, Lord!"
Baby Served as Protection.
curt Jet was one OF those assas-
sins.
Jim Cockrell, the town marshal, be-
gan gathering evidence about the muir
der of DR.. Cox. One day, at high noon,
he was standing on the corner OF the
town square when Curt Jet, in an
upper window of the court house, shot
him with a rife. Cockrell cried: my
God, they've got mel" and fell dead.
James B. Marcum, the leading lawyer
of the county, who had worked against
Hargis, believed he was to be the next
victim, but he had an idea that they
would not dare to shoot him with his
baby IN his arms, so wherever he went
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-26

sent to the penitentiary for life, served
10 years, was paroled and disappeared.
What became of him is a mystery.
Gradually the evidence closed in
around curt" Jet. Men who saw him
kill Cockrell and Marcum, and were
afraid to talk, grew holder and ap-
peared against him. He was convicted
of the murder of Marcum and was SEN
fenced to death. He got new trial
and was sentenced to life Imprisonment.
Then he was convicted Of the murder
Of Cockrell and again sentenced for
life. He is said to be the only man who
ever entered a penitentiary to serve
two life sentences at once. Later he
confessed that he had slain Marcum
and Cockrell.
Silent on Life of Old.
On the hillside rented farm where
he has lived since he came from prison
several years ago, by his own fireside,
an old-fashioned splint-bottomed chair
squeaking under the weight of his
bulky form, curt" Jet sat and quoted
Scripture, his rudy face beaming with
good-nature and laugh always ready
to break out.
ct can't understand how a man so
sensible and so good-humored and
kindly disposed as you seem to be
could shoot men down in cold blood as
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-26

you did" I said TO him.
THAT was the old Curt Jet did
that" he replied. THAT was not me
at all. The old Curt Jett is dead. He
died down in the penitentiary when I,
the new Curt Jett was born again, on
my knees, in the twinkling of an eye. "
THAT seems strange that a mans
whole nature could be changed so
quickly" 1 said
ut is mysterious. It has always been
so. Nicodemus, the great teacher, went
to Jesus by night to learn how the new
birth could occur. He asked. How can
these things be?' and Jesus said it was
as mysterious as the wind that blows,
but just as definite. You can't see the
wind. but it has force to wipe out whole
cities. So is every one born Of the
spirit. You can feel 1t, but you can't
explain 1t. Even my face changed. The
hard look of the killer left it and be-
came as little child"
He would not talk about his feudist
days.
when God pardoned me, he wiped
that all out, blotted it out forever, for
gave me, and I think most people have,
so never discuss the past. I hate all
the things did then" he said.
Ccopyrieht, 1881. by North American News
papem Alliance)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-26
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The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-06-05
Roosevelt Will
 Be Nominee
(Continued from Page D

Colonel Edward M. House this week caused one of the leading inde- pendent republican senators, who has frequently demonstrated his ability to sense the drift of senti- ment, to conclude that Roosevelt was the most likely democratic prospect. Not every republican lead CT agrees, but the tendency is to re- gard him as the probable opponent, whether or not, as Colonel House insists, republicans are more afraid of him than any other possible nominee.
 The appearance of the famous confidential agent and unofficial secretary of state for Woodrow Will son among the Roosevelt storm troops adds new impetus to the &C., tivities being carried on by Roose- country, to the quiet missionary work among the southern demo- crats by Senator Cordell Hull of Tennessee, former democratic na- tional chairman, and the activities of Chairman Farley of the New York state democratic committee, the real head of the Roosevelt for President movement.
 Roosevelt himself is adhering to the usual political etiquette in mak. ing no reference to, nor even ad- mitting, presidential aspirations.
 The effect of Colonel Houses support is expected to be in bring ing to Roosevelt a percentage of the old Wilson following, though to what degree is problematical. The Wilson group has scattered to the four winds. Many are out of poli- tics, as House has been for Is years.
 House was Wilson's closest ad- wiser for several years, and then they broke. Once the word of this quiet, self-effacing little man from Texas who served as ears and eyes for Wilson while moving about on rubber heels, was almost law in the democratic party.
 House will be 73 years old next month, and his health will preclude any strenuous campaign activity. His greatest value to Roosevelt will lie in quiet proselytizing among his numerous friends, and in friendly advice.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-06-05

iinement in the hospital was the fact that he was being watched at all times by q policeman.
 In answer to Attorney Freeman's claim that it was stretch of imag- ination to even suspect Nowosett of pi anning to escape, Prosecuting Att torney Emil Hummel replied that the charge against the young man was a very serious one and that he was opposed to any reduction.
 Judge Meyer finally decided to let the bond remain at $10,000 until the accused had the opportunity to ap- pear in court. If the states evidence was not thoroughly convincing he would consider another motion for a smaller bond.
 Nowosett was scheduled to appear in court tomorrow morning, but it will be a week or more before he is discharged from the hospital. The bullet wound, according to his story, was suffered accidentally as he was cleaning a rife. He was placed under arrest in Mount Sinai hospital, Hart ford, where he had applied for treat ment. The police became suspicious of his story that he shot himself.
 Employees of the bank raided by bandits have identified Nowosett as being one of the two men who made the getaway with the money. The youths care was reported seen in the vicinity of the bank shortly be- fore the alarm was given. Nowosett has repeatedly denied the accusations and is preparing to contest the claims of the police
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-06-05
aas ..puttlng It . little strong..

was putting it a little strong"
 The demonstrations against the person of the pope appeared to have been considered most serious by the Vatican. The text of the note hand cd Grandi was not made public, but 1t was understood to stress the in- suits to the pope. One incident in Rome was recalled, when large portrait of the pope was torn to pieces in the street and trampled on by Fascist youths, amid cries Of 'sDown with the pope" and Death to the traitor!"
 The note was understood to em- phasize that these demonstrations in Rome assumed a more serious aspect because of the particular character Of Rome as the seat of the head of the Roman Catholic church.
 1t was pointed out that Article VIII of the Lateran treaty recognizing the sovereignty of the pope in Vatican City provides that public insults in Italian territory against the person Of the supreme pontiff Through speeches, acts or writing are to be punished in the same way as insults against the king of Italy are pun ished."
 The note was one of two already presented the government, the first referring to the attacks on both members and the property of the Azione Cattalica, a lay organization which has been the subject of the governments displeasure in the pres ent controversy.
 The Vatican meanwhile remained
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-06-05
Fitzgerald Won
 His First Case
(contlnued from Page D

dered Padrozny guilty. He said the state had not established prima facie case on the other two counts, which charged the accused with having entered the home of John Chernoff at 45 Vine street on last Sept. IF and taking fur coat.
 Attorney Herman J. Weisman, rep resenting the accused, alleged that the wife of the accused had "Rramed' her husband, because she had learned of his stepping out with an- other woman. He based his argu- ment on the grounds that 1t was she who called the police and showed them jimmy, several skeleton keys and gun which, she unc N,ered from a gas range in the apartment. Leary arrested Padrozny on informa- tion furnished by Mrs. Padrozny.
 Daniel Buckley, former well known sports enthusiastic of this city, was placed on the stand yes terday by the state. He said he bought the fur coat from Padrozny when the latter came to his place of business shortly after the break in the Brennan home. He admitted, also, that Padrozny attempted 70 sell him Q watch.
 Attorney Weisman alleged in his arguments that the crimes were perpetrated by one Aleck Churche- low, a friend of the accused who needed money. He claimed Padronzy was led to believe that Churchelow had been given the coat by a Wa terville girl in .an endeavor to help him raise money and that Padronzy believed he was only doing a char itable deed in neIping to sell the coat.
 After Judge McEvoy had found Padrozny guilty of the third count against him, he asked MT Fitzgerald if he had any suggestion to make as to the sentence. MT Fitzgerald said the state very strongly felt the accused should be punished severe lxr
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-06-05
News
 Is OvershadOWed
tcontinued from Page D

The Lateran accord was something of compromise and not entirely satisfactory to either side, but at least 1t outwardly ended the breach between church and state.
 The sailing has not been smooth, however. Mussolini is, to say the least, not clerical minded. The Pope is no ardent disciple of fascism. Eric ton was inevitable.
 One law to the fascists is invio- late. There must be no party but fascism. Another law to the church is inviolate. There can be no church but the Roman Catholic church.
 At the time of the concordat. Mus solini had changed the law to per init free exercise of all religions in Italy. Previously the Protestant and other sects had no standing all though they were tolerated.
 The present Pope has made nu- merous protests against "proselyting' by Protestants since the concordat, but the real issue arose over the Catholic education of youth, a pre- cious necessity to the church. The Pope has taken a firm stand for Christian education in the public schools, which does not fall within the fascist program, and several sharp verbal exchanges have result ed. at long range, between him and Mussolini.
 The climax arose over the activi- ties of Azione Cattolica, a lay or ganization of Catholics to promote Catholic interests and having nu- nerous branches, clubs for young men. young women, etc. Under the concordat, Azione Cattolica was per rnitted to exist but it was strictly agrsed that 1t must indulge in no political activity.
 In recent months. fascists charged there were elements in the folds of Azione Cattolica which were anti fascist and inclined to become po- litically active, a more or less nat urai thing in an organization of such wide membership.
 The fascist press, which can be counted on to indulge in no pro- tracted campaign without Mussolini's consent, passive or otherwise, raised a tremendous outcry. Whether they exaggerated the political activities o. any clements of Azione. in violation of the Pope's orders, they drew picture of opposition to fascism that brought swift retaliation. and the government closed the branches of Zzione throughout Italy, and even the Knights of Columbus play grounds in Rome.
 Meanwhile rioting broke out and there were anti-Catholic demonstra- tions, including shouts against the Pope and defacing of his picture. It Is the latter occurrences that the Vatican note to the government vans "deplored," while the best in- formation from Vatican sources was that the question of political activ ity within Azione is not affirmed or denied by the Vatican, but left open for investigation.
 If the allegations are proved, the Vatican held, such activity was in explicit violation of the Pope's or ders If they are not proved, the clubs should be reopened imme- diately.