davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-09-15
BOrah for President?

According to the headlines, Senator Borah may
run for President That is not news. The same story
has appeared the of every election since Borah
has been in national politics. But the stories never
turn out to be true
Obviously there are few men in public life with
a better claim upon the presidency That indeed ex-
plains the regularity with which these stories appear
But of all things political the nomination of
Borah by the Republican party seems to us about the
most unlikely 1t always has been So 1t is no less
true today.
Borah is not thorough-going progressive. He
is not a LIE Toilette. He is not party bolter. But
he is far too irregular to suit the party bosses and
campaign contributors who dictate Republican noml-
nations
ANY person familiar with the present Republican
set-up could fill book with reasons why Borah
hasn't chance To name only one: The southern
delegates who hold the balance Of power are in the
hands of Hoover and not of Borah.
We doubt that Borah is trying to run. Moreover
we doubt that the progressives are trying in any
serious way to have him run.
Borah's proposal for a five-year armament holiday
was not partisan political maneuver. 1t is in line
with his earlier public service in forcing the Wash
inpton arms conference of 1921 1t is called for not
bv personal ambition in our Judgment, but by
patrotic desire to curta the federal deficit and to
check the arms race which is leading to war
There is no reason, therefore, why Hoover should
fear Borah as an opponent for the Republican nomi-
nation But Hoover has every reason to fear the
movement for arms reduction-that is, unless he in
tends to go along with that movement
BY furthering the disarmament movement Borah
is creating situation in which Hoover either can
capture it for himself be crippled by it, Nothing
would be easier than for the President, after all
his lip-servce to arms reduction to take the leader
ship in action.
If he fails to do that and thereby contributes both
to the war menace and the budget deficit menace,
Hoover certainly will have to answer to the electorate
in the next campaign, regardless of Borah.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-09-15
Public Ownership

1t is interesting that in Hoovers state of Cali
fornia there should be meeting on Sept % the
national conference of the Public Ownership League
of America
1t is more interesting that while it is meeting
in Los Angeles stronghold of pubc-owned water and
power, an election will take place to vote bonds for
the biggest public ownership project of American
history-the 200-nle aqueduct to bring water from
the public-owned Boulder dam to fourteen cities of
southern California, project to cost 1920 900
when completed.
Most interesting will be the revelation that public
ownership still marches forward steadily across
America.
The public will hear the story of 5000 American
cities that operate or more of their own utilities
OF public power in Seattle Tacoma, San Francisco,
the San Joaquin valley, Pasadena Los Angeles and
other southern California cties of big schemes for
harvesting the Columbia and the ST. Lawrence: of
the amazing extension of municipal gas plants
throughout the country of the fights at Muscle Shoals
and IN Pennsylvania, Seattle and elsewhere of cities
that let their utilities profits pay all expenses in lieu
OF taxes; Of Ontario hydro" the greatest public
power project in the world of the plans of Imperial
valley farmers to own the all-American canal; Of
government operation of helium plants, inland
waterways fleets 1T power and other DAMS two rail-
ways Panama canal and many other projects of the
new domain of land coming back to public ownership
through farm depression; of Boulder dam; of many
another adventure in community ownership.
Pontifical presidential warnings, the waving of
flags the cry of Socialism" can not halt this move
ment. When private capital proves itself more ef-
fcient, more honest, more public spirited than COM
munlty effort then only will it be halted
In the meantime, it is a wholesome check upon
private greed stimulus to honest regulation school
for cooperation and opportunity for public service
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-09-15
DIR. Klein's Plan

julius Klein assistant secretary of commerce, OPP
noses a big public works program the ground that
this would tie up capital "sorely needed" after the
depression for expanding luxury industries and new
industries.
ut seems to me-" wrote Dr. Klein to Dr. John
Dewey of the peoples lobby that out of the depreS
sion will grow many new industries, which, in an
other ten or fifteen years, will be supplying what we
shall have come to regard necessities, but which
now are regarded as luxures beyond the reach of
even the wealthiest people.
"A program of public works, involving several times
what now is being spent would be the most effective
means of divertng capital from these industries
which so sorey need it. into public construction,
much of which would be unproductive in social
sense"
He added that labor will emerge with higher
real wage than before the depression
Every one would like to share DR.. Klens opti-
msm A few questions, however insist upon coming
to mind.
II DR.. Klein thinks that capital soon is to be
"sorely needed to finance the making of uXuries for
the masses. what does he think of the Hoover
Mellon scheme of "diverting" S8oOOoO0oo in long
term tax-free government bonds to finance the pres
ent deficitP
How does he think the masses are to buy these
Injuries if, as Prof Paul Nystrom of Columbia uni
versy estimates. have 100000 poor, 100000
Of whom in dire poverty?
Must these become pauperized and made the sub
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-09-15
Cut Those Rates

Had indianapolis owned, from the start,
its water company, no one would be worry
ing today about high taxes.
The profits that have gone into that mo-
nopoy in other years would have cared for
most of the public debt.
Had indianapolis added to the water
company its electric light systems and OPP
Grated them for all the people, it is conceiv-
able that the city would pay dividends in
some form to its citizens instead Of collecting
any tax.
These two utilities at the present time are
taking in unwarranted profits from the city
more than will be raised by the combination
of community chest and township trustees
for relief
Even under the rules Of appraisal secured
by utilities, the standard of value on which
rates are today being charged amount to
blackmail of the citizen.
These two utilities hold the power Of life
and death over citizens. Their taxing power
is greater than that of government because
their penalties are more severe.
The family refused water for failure to
pay, dies. All that the government can do
to a delinquent taxpayer is to advertise his
property for sale.
The utilities in days of high prices de-
clared that it was proper for them to collect
on the cost of reproducing their plants. I'm
der this ruling they have collected on many
millions of dollars that were never spent in
the construction of lines or in any useful
way. They collected on the rise of prices of
labor and materials due to the World war
Now that day of high prices is over but
they keep on with their extortions and
exactions
A public service commission not under
control of the utilities would take the initia-
tive. When they fail, the people must.
The people should ban together for real
demand for justice before the present adj
venturers in control of them make further
raids on any portion of the public.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-09-15
HEALTH SERVICE
Over Exercise Carries Grave Dangers

walk 100 miles, but the average man
has little occasion to walk 100 miles
and does not need the 100-mile
equipment.
Man, like other domesticated ami
mails, did not always live indoors.
Modern Investigations indicate that
a certain amount of time outdoors is
beneficial to health.
But outdoor exercise to the point
of overfatigue, of irritating sunburn,
or of undue exposure to the ele-
ments is likely to do as much harm
as good.
Various authorities have suggested
the amounts of muscular activity
desirable for persons of various ages.
Hetherington of the University of
California suggested four hours of
muscular activity at the age of 5
years, five hours from z to 9, six
hours from to II, five hours from
II to Is, four hours from IS to 16,
three hours from Is to Is. and two
hours daily from 18 to 20 as the
proper amounts.
Williams states that one hour
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-09-15

should be given daily to activities
involving the use of the large mus
cles of the body after 20 years of
age, and that anything less than
that will result in physical deterio-
ration.
Man should not live for the mus
cleS alone. Think of Sandow!
Think even of Bernarr Macfadden!
But maybe some people want to be
Shadows or MacfaddenS.
Exercise has the value for the
young of stimulating body growth.
Swimming, walking, golf, horseback
riding, fishing and gardening are
forms of exercise suitable to all ages.
Competitive sports are available
and useful up to the age of 80 years,
but serious overactivity after 80
years of age may do more damage
than good.
Calisthenics, daily dozens and
similar exercises are valuable within
limitations, but our tendency is to
become exercise fanatics if we do
not become fanatics about some
thing else.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-09-15
Just Every Day Sense
BY MRS. WALTER FERGUSON

"LJOW do you rate as mother?" asks newspaper
article, and includes a series of questions by
which you may test your knowledge of parental
problems. If you able to answer them all cor
rectly, you may give yourself a perfect score.
And even then you may fall far short of being a
100 per cent mother.
You may know how the baby should be fed and
dressed and disciplined. You may know how the
lad should be taught and trained You may under
stand all the problems of your aoescent daughter.
You may know everything taught in the books and
yet make total failure of parenthood
All learning is futile and most of strvings
motherhood is the giving of life Not just the breath
of the body but the by which the personality
and the soul exist.
TTVIE average woman makes the mistake of seeing
l. her children always in relation to herself. There
in lies our perpetual defeat.
And we long have deceived ourselves as to what
the virtues and the faults of motherhood are. We
accustomed to assert that mothers are the most
unsesh of beings Yet the truth is that they always
have been and still likely to be the most selfish
because they the most clutchng and poSsessive.
When our efforts are directed not to the ultimate
expansion of the chld's personality to the finest
fruon of his abilities but to the ultimate merit for
ourselves to the possession of being who must depend
upon is then have failed
Your child is an individual He should be disasso-
ciated in your mind, and in his own from you,
though he be your best beloved
This is why being a good mother is the hardest
and the SaddeSt task in all the world From the hour
of their birth we begin to renqush children to
life
How graciously and how freely We relinquish them
measures our success in parenthQod.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-09-15
Rumford'S Contribution

NOUNT RUMFORD was q char
~ acter even more interesting
than Priestley. His career was one
of romance and adventure.
He was born in Woburn, Mass. in
1755. His name originally was Ben
jamin Thompson. He attended Har-
ward College and at the age of 10
married rich widow.
Although he was major of mill
tia, his neighbors distrusted him,
and so when the British troops evac-
uated Boston in 1776, he accepted a
commission from Governor Went
worth to carry dispatches to Eng
land.
He soon made his way into Eng
lish politics and became an under
secretary of state. He carried on
many scientific studies, however, in
his spare time.
After the revolution, he started to
Join the Austrian army to fight the
Turks.
At Strasbourg, however, he met
Prince Macmillan who invited him
to enter the civil and military SER
vice of Bavaria He acccn-"6 the in
vitation. Later he was knighted by
George III.
In 1871 he was made a count of
tl'0 Holy Roman Empire, choosing
the name Of Rumford. the town
where his wife's people lived in
America.
He noticed that cannon became
hot when they we're being bored.
This led him to combat the notion
then generally accepted that heat
was "an imponderable substance"
He studied the transformation of
mechanical energy into heat and
laid the foundation for the law of
the conservation of energy, one of
the fundamental laws of modern
science.
In 1899 he helped found the Royal
Institution of Great Britain and
later established the Rumford chair
Of chemistry at Harvard. After the
death of his first wife, he married
the widow Of the French chemist,
Lavoisier.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-09-15
Isolated Oxygen
Joseph PRIESTLEY was a

JOSEPH PRIESTLEY was a Brit
y ish clergyman who practiced
chemistry in his spare time. In 1774,
he made one of the greatest dis
coveries of the day, a discovery
which made chemistry as we know
it possible.
He succeeded in isolating and
identifying oxygen. He extracted
air" as he called it, from mer-
curic oxide, and found that glowing
splinters of wood burst into bright
flames when plunged into this air"
Priestley was a Nonconformist
and never failed to express his
views in public.
In 1871, the citizens of Birming-
ham were aroused by a group which
undertook to celebrate the fall of
the BaStille. Word got around that
Priestley was the leading spirit in
the celebration.
The mob burned and sacked his
chapel and house. Priestley fled to
London and went into hiding.
Three years later he decided to
leave England for America.
His arrival in America took on
the proportions of a great holiday.
He was given an ovation upon his
arrival in New York, the president
of the Democratic Society of the
City of New York delivering an adj
dress of welcome.
Priestley settled on a farm in
Northumberland, Pa, where he
spent the remainder of his life writ
ing church history and carrying
on chemical experiments. And, as
Professor Moore observes, "he in
spired others to study chemistry
here"
1t was Priestley's discovery of
oxygen which paved the way for the
explanation of combustion by La
voisier, the French chemist who
lost his head in the revolution.
The modern practice Of chemistry
starts with the work of PriestIey
and Lavoisier.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-09-15
Too Much to Live Up To

SOMETIMES 1 am moved to a
~ certain compassion fcr that
other arch standpatter, Herbert
Clark Hoover. Under the ordinary
course of economic tides, Mr.. Hoover
might have ambled through one
term or even two and have gone
down in history comfortably placed
among the numerous amiable nom
entities who have graced the White
House.
1t was the peculiar pressure of
the times which showed him up as
such a pitifully inadequate leader.
Quite possibly he measures up to
Coolidge, Franklin Pierce and Fill
more. But he happened to win cleo
ton at a time when an emergency
broke around his head.
And the most tragic part of his
failure lies in the fact that before
assuming office, his weak1s points
were put forward as his virtues.
Partisans of Mr.. Hoover presented
him as a man of wide sympathy
and knowledge of international af-
fairs.
The fact that he had lived long
years abroad was blithely advanced
as evidence that here was a true
cosmopolite. Now it has been dem
onstrated that Herbert Clark
Hoover has borne with him into the
very center of the world climax an
Iowa mind and that he can not
ever see beyond the borders of par
tisan advantage and potential Re-
publican prestige.
Copyright. 1881. by The Times)
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-09-15
Peoples Voice

Editor Times: There has come to
my attention a certain and definite
instance of cruel oppressive meas
ures being used by coal company
of indianapolis to force its employees
to rent houses belonging to the
company.
1t is being reported that this
company has given its men notice
to move into houses owned by the
company or hunt other jobs.
Some of these men, being single,
have informed the coal company OF
this fact. But the company &C
cording to reports, has demanded
that these men obey the order.
If this rumor is true, that coal
company is guilty of cruelty, OPP
preston, and of using coercion to
force its employees to rent its houses
which are reported to be undesir-
able residences.
Such cruel treatment embitters
working men and causes them to
listen to dangerous and vicious agl-
tatorS. E. F. MADDOX.
Editor Times-Anent the interur-
ban head-on collision on Aug. ID,
between a northbound and south
bound car, new type, between Co
lumbus and Seymour, Ind, in which
several persons were injured and
taken to the hospital AS the writer
also was injured, may he not con-
sistently ask for a full, complete,
and satisfactory investigation OF
this entire affair?
Imagine with what horror the
crew and passengers Of southbound
car No. 70 saw, in broad daylight,
at o'clock in the afternoon, to be
exact, the northbound car coming,
it seemed, at full speed, bound for
a head-on collision, as both cars
were on the same track. Yes, there
was time to think, almost a minute,
but the crew of No. 70 was power
less to avert the accident.
I hold ticket receipt from Column
bus to Seymour, which destination
I have not yet reached.
G. I. B. HENDRICKS.
Editor Times-I would like to say
a few words regarding the Farmers
Trust Company bank. Never a word
from it since it closed its doors. 1t
seems that poor people who have
Striven and saved are not supposed
to know anything about their own
hard earned money.
It's high time people were waking
up. Why don't we do like they do
in Chicago? Bring these men to
account for depositors' money and
pay every depositor in full.
Let's all get together and demand
that the receiver and his hign-sala-
ried assistants give us some action.
GEORGE WOODARD.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-09-15

NNE of the most amusing per-
" formances ever witnessed by
the people of these United States,
directly or in the movies, was the
cross-country marathon promoted
by G. G. Pyle.
Just what that was planned to
prove, or just what relationship it
might have to the general subject of
health, has not yet become appar-
ent.
One of the difficulties with the
whole physical culture and athletic
movement has been the creation of
outdoor fanatics, marathon runners,
100-mile pedestrians and similar en-
thusiasts who believe that the road
to health lies in the exceptional
performance rather than in we'll
conducted and suitably regulated
physical activities.
No doubt, the 100-miIe walker is
healthful person or he could not
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-09-15
SCIENCE
by DAVID DIFTZ

Fame Of Chemistry's Pioneers
May OutliUe That of Better
Knoa0n Heroes of History.
THE final chapter of Professor F.
i J. Moores History Of Chem
istry" is titled Chemistry ia the
United States"
In it are names of men who
helped build the United States.
Perhaps the names do not have the
familiar ring of those of statesmen,
politicians and generals whom we
met on the pages Of our grammar
school histories.
They are names worth knowing.
however. Some of them, we ven
ture to suggest, will attain greater
Importance with the passage of
time. In the end they may even
outlive the names of some Of the
politicians and generals you once
had to memorize.
Let us mention briefly a few Of
these chemical pioneers, men whose
discoveries helped usher in the age
Of chemistry in which we now live.
Chief among them are Priestley,
Rumford, Suliman, Morley and
Gibbs.
The British may object to the
classification of Priestley as an
American chemist since he did his
most important piece of work while
still in England. But Priestley, as
Moore points out, had vast eff
feet upon the development of Amer
lean chemistry.
Priestley's story is a fascinating
one.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-09-15
Gandhi's Power

Gandhis radio address from London revealed the
mans power-greater perhaps than that of any
other leader in the world today After listening to
his calm avowal of faith in the weapons of the spirit
as stronger than physical force it is not difficult
even for occidentas to understand his unique con-
troll of the Sem-starved millions of India
For humility and honesty it would be impossible
10 match Gandhis address Other political leaders
do not advertise the weakness of their movements
and the faults of their followers
But Gandhi has nothing to hide Fighting, as
he says, for the truth and for justice he confesses
to most of the charges made by India's critics He
admits that India is divided against herself in re-
ligious strife
ut is a matter of still deeper humiliation to me
that we HinduS regard several million of our own
kith and kin as too degraded even for our touch
the so-called untouchables"
He believes that only India regains her free
dom can she revive the glory of her ancient civza-
ton.
That Great Britain with all her fighting ships
and men much longer can subject India to alien
rule does not seem probable.
After every clash Gandhi advances and Britain
retreats 1t is hard to shoot down rebels who refuse
TO shoot back Such civil war ceases to be glorious
to the militarist The most loyal troops object
to being human butchers.
But Gandhi is challenging more than British des-
potism. He is challenging the whole of western ma
chine civilization And of that machine civiliza-
ton, the United States is the beSt-or worst, as
Gandh would say-example.
If western civilization digs it's own grave with de-
structive competition and wars another century may
see some Gandhian Christian reign of peace and
nonresstance sovereign over the world. Who knows?
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-09-15
TT STEMS tn MI ~ HAYWOOD
i - OAL1V1O L ~ 1V1L D1 BROUN

Ut was a curious speech which
L Silas H. Strawn, president of the
Chamber of Commerce, offered over
the radio the other night. Mr.
Strawn spoke in favor of greater
faith and fewer nostrumS. He ut
tered a warning against "even a
drift toward Bolshevism."
Now, "Bolshevism" is a word ca
pable of many definitions. When
used by an American business man,
it covers wide territory and general
ly includes opposition to any form
of unemployment insurance or even
the most rudimentary experiments
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-09-15
Pensions for s. Years

NEAJOR o. E. BARBER, who
N1 claims to be 1O4 years DID, is
attending the G. A. R. convention
at Des Moines, with the expecta-
ton of participating in all the
parades and dances.
His case is worth considering,
particularly at time when politi-
clans are beginning to talk about
more cash for the veterans.
If history repeats itself, we shall
be taking care of veterans fifty-hve
years hence and some of them are
going to need it more than they do
now.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-09-15
Depression a Warning

THIS depression is just warn
4 ing. Look at what had to be
done to pull Germany through, or
what England is doing to escape
financial collapse. Look at the rec
ord of bank failures in our own
country and the margin by which
the latest bond issue was oversub-
scribed.
Necessary as drastic economies
may be, they can not satisfy the
need.
We must continue to spend to
provide work, but this is impossible
if. at the same time, we continue
to freeze capital in tax exempt
bonds.
The fact that a comparatively
few bondholders are drawing huge
sums from public revenue to pay
for the powder and poison gas of
war has direct bearing on the
multitudeS of unemployed.
The problem is to get the world S
capital back into channels where it
will produce work, bread and meat.