davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times., 1931-09-17
Miss Laura Rogers
Will Ioin Parents

Miss Laura Rogers WIN join
her parents, Mr.. and Mrs.
Charles j. Rogers at their home
on Beach Drive early in Oc-
tober after passing the summer
in northern New York State.
The engagement Of Miss
Rogers to Mr.. George Wallace
Fessenden was announced sew
eral months ago by her parents.
The wedding will take place
next spring.
The Washington times., 1931-09-17
Sail for Bucharest
Meeting in October

Repre- sentative Burton L.
French and Repre- sentative
Fletcher Hale are passengers
on the steamship Roosevelt,
which sailed yesterday.
They will attend the meeting
of the Interparliamentary Union
to be held in Bucharest, Ru-
mania, in October.
X X 4
Representative Mary T. Nor
ton of New Jersey will be the
guest of honor at a dinner to
be given Saturday by the
Democratic Women of ASbury
Park at the Monterey Hotel!
The Washington times., 1931-09-17
Miss Emily Pollard
Will Be Guest Here

Miss Emily Pollard will arrive
tomorrow from her home in
Merton, Pa, to be the guest of
her cousin, Mrs. Herbert Lee
Boatwright, jr., at her apart
ment in the Westchester.
Mr.. and Mrs. Boatwright and
Miss Pollard will motor to Rich
mond the latter part of the week
to be the guest of Mrs. Boat
wright's parents, the Governor
of Virginia and Mrs. John Gar.
land Pollard. Mr.. and Mrs.
BoatWright will return to the
Capital Tuesday.
The Washington times., 1931-09-17
Miss Fuqua Joins
Parents in CAPITAL

Miss jeanette Fuqua, daugh-
ter Of Maj. Gen. and Mrs.
Stephen o. Fuqua, has joined
her parents in Washington
after spending several months
abroad.
She spent some time in Paris
and also motored in Germany
and Austria. Mrs. Fuqua re-
Gently returned to Washington
from a trip to Canada, where
she visited Quebec and Mon
treal.
The Washington times., 1931-09-17
Sen. Brookhart and
Family Are Back

Senator and Mrs. Smith W.
Brookhart have returned after
passing the summer in the
West and are at their home
in HyattsviIle.
Mrs. Brookhart spent some
time with their son and daugh-
ter-in-law, Mr.. and Mrs. John
R. Brookhart, on one Of the
lakes near Duluth, Mimi, while
the Senator was on a speaking
tour through Iowa,
The Washington times., 1931-09-17
Will Spend Autumn
AtHome in Virginia

DR.. and Mrs. c. Augustus
Simpson and their daughters.
who returned from their sum-
mer home at jamestown, R. l..
a few weeks ago, have gone to
their country home at Hern-
don. Va. for the autumn. The
charming old place was the
b ONE Of Mrs. Simpsons
parents, the late Mr.. and Mrs.
j. j. Darlington, and is one
Of the most delightful resi-
dences IN that region.
They are entertaining q house
party Of young people for their
daughter, Miss Frances Stmp-
son, who is a Sub-deb.
The Washington times., 1931-09-17
: : Z
Diplomat Here

The former minister Of Bo-
livia, Senor Don Eduardo Diez
de Medina, and Sonora de Diez
de Medina, with their daugh-
ters, Senorita Maria Hortensia
Diez de Medina and SeHaEh&
The Washington times., 1931-09-17
Back After Holiday
At Warrenton, Va

Mrs. Howell Peoples and Miss
Helen Peoples returned yester-
day from Warrenton, where
they spent the summer. Miss
Jean Peoples remained in Wash
ington with Mr.. Peoples. Miss
Helen Peoples will be one of
the debutantes of this year.
The Washington times., 1931-09-17
Visited Capital

The United States minister
10 Santo Domingo, Mr. Charles
Boyd Curtis, spent few days
In Washington recently before
returning to his post. With
Mrs. Curtis, he has been in
Bantam, Conn.,, for several
veekS.
The Washington times., 1931-09-17
Plan To Join
President at
Camp

The Governor Of Indiana.
Mr.. Harry q. Leslie viii come
to Washington today or tomor-
row with Mrs. Leslie prior to
joining President and Mrs.
Hoover at their fishing camp
on the Rapidan River for the
weekend.
AS Is their custom, the PreSi
dent and Mrs. Hoover win leave
late Friday or early Saturday
morning with a party Of guests
for this restful retreat.
The Washington times., 1931-09-17
To Co to Seashore

The Minister Of Nicaragua
and Sonora Maria de SacaSa,
with the members Of their
family, will leave tomorrow for
Atlantic City to spend the
week end.
The Washington times., 1931-09-17
Mourn Princess

The Royal Egyptian legation
will observe 81 days mourning
owing to the death Of Her
Highness Princess Emineh Is
mail, sister Of His Majesty the
King Of Egypt.
The Washington times., 1931-09-17
viii Entertain In
Honor ofHouse
Guests

DR.. and Mrs. William c.
Gwynn will entertain at a small
dinner and theater party to-
morrow evening for their daugh-
ter, Miss Louise Harrison
Gwynn, in honor of Miss
Marion Jardine, daughter of
the United States Minister to
Egypt and Mrs. William M.
Jardine, and Miss Louise
Brooks, who will arrive this
afternoon to be their house
guests over the weekend.
Miss Jardine has been the
guest of DR.. and Mrs. Gwynn
for several days.
The Washington times., 1931-09-17
In Washington.
0tQqQd Qduutt;

President Hoover received Senior Don LUIS AbeI, the
newly appointed Minister from Bolivia today at the White
House. when the latter presented his credentials The recent
appointment of Senor Abel member of the diplomatic
corps here of great interest because he and his charming
American wife have been established in the residence they
bought in Wesley Heights last winter and besides the
many friends they had here their arrival they have
acquired many ones and Senior Abelis honor
a matter of genuine qualification to all.
Sonora de Abell has already established herself
hostess of note at the Capital and she will make very
charming chateane at the legation Their home is parcu
lary well adapted for entertaining, it is delightfully."-
spacious and surrounded by erracd garden that is filled
with Towering plants and shrubs Here are be found
many dogwood trees which form picturesque border and
last spring when these full bloom they presented
unforgetably beautiful sight
Sonora de AbeIIi Charming Hostess
Considerable surrounds the courship of Senior
and Sonora de Abe their meeting having taken place in
San Francisco when the former in charge Of the
Bolivian exhibition the exposition held there Following
their marriage they live in South America and
spent several years in copper mining camp far removed
from civilization, where Sonora de Abel in this
mote spot presided with all the charm and grace which
characterizes her hostess.
Has Held important Posts
Senor Abeli has served counselor of the Bolivian
Legation at Lima, Peru and previous to coming to Wash
ington member Of the cabinet in Bolivia.
They have two charming children Luis Dante Abelli
aged 6, and Crystal Eloisa Abell just g.
Dr. and Mrs Hyand, parents of Sonora de Abel, have
settled in Washington in order be their daughter
after spending several years travelling in South America
and Europe
The Washington times., 1931-09-17
Dinner Host

The Minister of Finland, Mr..
L. Astrom, entertained inform
ally at dinner last evening,
when Mr.. Edwin P. Shattuck,
of Woodbury., L. l., was among
his guests.
The Washington times., 1931-09-17

GaDy O1eZ oe MeQ1na, nave ar.
rived in washington and are
at the Fairfax Hotel.
They have come from New
York, Senor de Medina having
been sent on a confidential
mission from his government.
Will Go to Milan
The former minister Of Vene-
zuela, Senor DR.. Don Carlos r.
Grisanti, now representing his
country in Rome, with Sonora
de Grisanti, are spending the
month at the Lido before going
to Milan, where they viii be
the guests Of their son-in-law
and daughter, Mr.. and Mrs.
william Cartwright.
* 4
In New York
The first secretary of the lega-
ton Of Portugal, Mr.. H. Gabriel
da Silver, is at the Ritz Carlton
Hotel, in New York, for a stay
Of several days.
Il 4
Mrs. Day in Lucerne
. Mrs. Maurice Fitzmaurice
Day, wife Of the Military At
tache Of the British Embassy,
did not accompany her hus-
band when he sailed for this
country from the Isle Of Wight,
where they have been spending
the summer. Mrs. Day will
pass a month in Lucerne.
Switzerland. before coming to
the Capital for the winter.
Mrs. Day is the daughter Of
Mrs. James Dudley Morgan and
with Colonel Day spent some
time this spring with her
mother at Dudlea, her attrac-
tive home in Chevy Chase.
y X +
loin Mr.. Castle
Mr.. and Mrs. Alfred L. Castle,
of Honolulu, with their daugh-
ter, Miss Gwendolyn Castle,
Joined Mr.. Castles brother, the
UnGersecretary Of State, Mr..
william r. Castle, at the Home
stead, at Hot Springs, this week.
Miss Castle remained with her
aunt, Mrs. William r. Castle,
jr., following the departure Of
her parents, who returned to
Washington with Mr.. Castle.
She will Join them in a few
days.
To Return Saturday
The Assistant Attorney Gen
eral, Mr.. G. Aaron Youngquist,
will be accompanied by Mrs.
Youngquist and their four chill
dren when he returns to the
Capital Saturday. Mrs. Young
quiSt and the children have
passed the summer at their
home near Attleboro, Mass.
-
Miss Mathilda F. Mellon, sis
Ia ~ &laA CAan.nAA
The Washington times., 1931-09-17

Visit Relatives

The Chief Justice and Mrs.
Charles Evans Hughes are
spending some time in New York
with their son and his wife, Mr..
and Mrs. Charles Evans Hughes,
jr., and their son-in-law and
daughter, Mr.. and Mrs. William
Thomas Gossett. They returned
from q summer in Europe on
the tenth of the month.
The Washington times., 1931-09-17
Will Honor NotabIes

Gen. Gustav Orlicz- Dresser,
Polish delegate to the Ameri-
can Legion convention in De-
troit, and Colonel Ryszanek of
the Polish army, who accom-
panied the General to the
United States, will be the
guests of honor at a dinner
to be given this evening at the
Polish Embassy by the charge
d'affaires, Mr.. Wladyslaw Soko-
lowski. The company viii in
clude the Acting Secretary Of
War, Mr.. Frederick H. Payne,
and the deputy chief Of staff.
Mai. Gen. George Van Horn
Mosely.
The Chancellor of the Polish
Embassy and Nine. s. Porad-
Sewska entertained at tea yester-
day afternoon, in compliment
to Gen. Gustav Orlicz-DresZer.
The Washington times., 1931-09-17
Mrs. Mary Roberts
Rinehart at Resort

Mrs. Mary Roberts Rinehart
has gone to Hot Springs, Va, to
spend the autumn season.
The Washington times., 1931-09-17
Has Held important Posts

Gaby DieZ de Medina, have ar
rived in washington and are
at the Fairfax Hotel.
They have come from New
York, Senor de Medina having
been sent on a confidential
mission from his government.
The Washington times., 1931-09-17
Will Co to Milan

The first secretary of the lega-
ton of Portugal, Mr.. H. Gabriel
da Silver, is at the Carlton
Hotel, in New York, for q stay
of several days.
The producers news. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1918-1937, 1931-12-04
ID ! V.IIo go W. The FIVE YEAR PLAN
ANCU uAO5VC a. inSOVIET AGRICULTURE

went for payments on mortgages
and loans. 1t is not surprising
that under such conditions the
number of tenent farmers has
greatly increased, reaching, in
1929, 40 per cent of the total. Two
fifth of all American farmers are
tenants.
1t is, finally, not surprising that
the resulting degree of instability
of the farm population may be
gagged by the fact that during the
past four years, 81 out of every
thousand farms were sold "volun-
tarily," i.e., as a result of the i'm
possibility of continuing opera
tions; and % out of each thous-
and were sold at sheriffs sales
bankruptcy as a result of the i'm
possibility of meeting mortgage
payments.
Such are the achievements" Of
American agriculture as a result
of the revolution in technique: Z
static sown area. an insignificant
increase in agricultural production
static level of consumption o.
farm products, and. simultaneous
ly, a decrease in. the farmers pur
chasing power, lack of stimulus
TO increased production, an in
crease in the farmers taxes ant
in the number of tenant farmers
mass bankruptcy, the sale of mort
gagged farms, etc.
To all this the average farmer
unable to wiring from his farm al
income. sufficient. for. necessar,
capital re-equipment, answers onl,
by abandoning his farm and flee
ing to town. Tin the past q
years the farm population has de
creased by more than four mil
lions.) The farmer could, perhaps
solve his problem in this name
during a period of prosperity.
But where shall he flee now tina
in the cities the ranks of the un
employed already number eigh
The producers news. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1918-1937, 1931-12-04

workers of the country towards
their solution. Our main problem
is to introduce extensively into the
state and collective farms the lat
est technical and agronOmical a.
chievements and thereby bring
about a better yield of crops, milk,
meat, etc. In other words, the
Party proposes in the sphere of
agriculture to concentrate primari-
lY on improving the work of the
state and collective farms.
While in capitalist countries, the
"saviors" of capitalism are cru
sading against improved technique
and insurmountable obstacles arise
to the development of scientific
technical thought, in the Soviet
Union, the Communist is stormng
the very SUBMITS of the science of
technology. The collective and
state farms, equipped with the ag-
ronomics and modern machine
technique, will stubbornly battle
the very elements, fight drought
produce better crops, and bringing
about further Improvement o.
socialist agriculture. Experience
has shown, that the Soviet Unio1
will be able "to accomplish il
years in the sphere of application
of agronomic science that whicl
required decades in the capitals
countries" (Yakovliev).
The third and decisive year o.
the Five Year Plan is nearing it
end. The Soviet Union is finish
ing the foundation of the socialis
ecoomic system. This will Civ
rise to new wave of labor enthu
siasm, a new wave of socialis
competition and shock brigade OF
| ganization among the broad mass
es of workers. The collective fam
workers, shoulder to shoulder wit
the working class, are marchin
with assurance towards the d.
sired goal, sweeping from the
path all who try to obstruct tt
! building of Socialism. The SoviC
} Union has already become coul
try with the largest scale agricu
, ture in the world and the day
: not far off when it will be equi
/ to the most technically and ecol
omically advanced countries. TT
, deep devotion of all workers of tt
Soviet Union to the cause OF Il
Party, to the cause Of Lenin,
= the cause of the international pr
! letarian revolution serves as
O guarantee.
The producers news. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1918-1937, 1931-12-04
GOV. MURRAY
EXPOSES SELF
ASKS UNEMPLOYED DIG FISH
PONDS ON FARMS AT 81
PER WEEK

OKLAHOMA CITY.-Just what
the alfalfa Bill" Murray's fake
promise to open public works af-
ter his election means, can be seen
from a recent speech of his.
In an address at Sherners' Au-
ditorium, Gov. Murray differed a
brilliant solution 10 the problem
of unemployment. He advocated
the digging of fish ponds on the
idle land of the farmers here. He
came out in favor of paying the
workers less than the union scale
for such work, daring the workers
to get better job if they could.
Other points in his insane plal
called for the building of roadi
from the farms to the market
supposedly for the better trans
portation Of the fish after the!
had been caught.
The farmers here are anxious t,
know what good the road will d
them when they can't get enougl
to pay for the cost of transporta
ton.
Murray further proposed a wag
! of 81 week, citing in defense o
his wage scale the example of
family man, who found that tn
4. savings from a weekly salary @
SO proved to be curse.
| Although he was very definit
in his promise to open the stat
Capitol for the use as sleepin
quarters for the unemployed, Co
Murray has not turned his han
to stop the daily evictions of III
employed workers and their fam
lies. There were q such eviction
during the course of one week II
Gently.
The workers of Oklahoma Cit
and farmers in the surroundin
country have already learned VIII
the promises of "Alfalfa Bill" an
cunt to. They no longer deper
upon him for relief but are org
MIXING into the Farmers Commi
tee of the Southwest and the u
; employed Council. in order to d.
mand and win relief.
The producers news. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1918-1937, 1931-12-04

barrier of private property in
land. Large scale farming hews
path thru the ruin and destruction
of the great mass of farmers, a
ruin which proceeds at an. even
greater pace than did that of the
handicraft workers in the first
stages of large scale industry.
The attempts by the bourgeoisie
to improve the situation by such
useless measures as the purchase
of wheat by government organs in
the United States and Canada or
by the fixing of tariffs on import
ed farm products in Germany, It
ally and other countries. can only
cause an objective observer to
smile. They do not greatly diff
fer from attempting TO empty the
Mississippi with bucket, and lead
in the end only to the narrowing
of the market for farm products,
and thus to a greater intensified
ton of the crisis.
In the general system of decay
ing capitalism, the farm crisis
plays no small role. and certainly
intensifies its decay. The words
of Stain are fully substantiated:
'The industrial crisis will intensi-
| fly the agricultural. and the agri-
cultural crisis will protract the in
dustrial, which cannot but lead
to a deepening of the economi,
crisis as a whole"
And, finally, can any one chal
lenge the statement that the tech
nical revolution developing in tn,
agriculture of capitalist cOmtrie,
may be symbOlized by a small
farmer, crushed under the weigh
Of a heavy caterpillar tractor?
The producers news. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1918-1937, 1931-12-04

500 acres. We know that they can
be fully utilized only on farms of
more than $500 acres. But let us
agree with the Americans for a
moment. How MANY 500 acre
farms are there in the United
States? The fact is that they
make up less than S.5 per cent of
the total number
Let us make a further conces.
sion to our opponents. Let us
agree to add to the number of
farms on which tractors can be
used successfully, all those over
It's acres; this, moreover, to be
the full size of the farm and not
merely of the sown area. Even
in that case only 18 per cent of
the farms in the United States
would be included. That means
that on fOur-fifths of the farms,
tractors are altogether impractic-
able; and on the greater part Of
the remaining fifth they cannot
be used to full advantage.
We often look for examples OF
the waste in the capitalist system
in its present stage of decay. A
million tractors are predestined BY
the system of capitalist ownership
to an effectiveness little greater
than that of so many horses, util-
lied, as we shall see later, only ia
about one-fourth their full capaci-
ty.
In this respect the United States
is no exception. Let US take, fol
another example, Germany.
Here, farms Of less than 81
acres, i.e., which in no case car
use tractors, make up 95.7 pei
cent Of the total. Only OF pei
cent of them use tractors or steam
plows. Farms larger than PSI
acres form only 0.4 per cent o.
the total, tractor and steam plowI
The producers news. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1918-1937, 1931-12-04
CHAPTER II
The Soviet Method of Organizing
Large-Scale Farming
&NAl9
Sl1e
R1VNG


Such are the basic facts in the
United States. They must be COM
pared with what we are doing
here. Every one of us knows that
technically we are infinitely weak
er than the United States in the
a million tractors; we have 10000.
Tin 1881 the Soviet tractor indus
try will produce $4,000 tractors,
as against 16,400 in 1880 and A.
500 in 1929 -Ed.) They have
hundreds of thousands of motor
trucks; we have only a few scat
tered here and there in our farm
ing. When we had to help the
Grain Trust to utilize its combines
we had literally to mobilize the
f, auto trucks of the entire country
They have tens of thousands Of
combines; we have one and a half
thousand. Such is the compari-
son between us in the matter OF
technical equipment. and it would
appear that the results should
correspond. I'm the spring OF
1881, the program calls for 5000
combines on state farms alone
and for 1000 auto trucks and
cars.-Ed.)
In order to arrive at the actua
results we shall use the follow
ing data. Together with the Sta.
tlstical Bureau Of the Gosplar
| Estate Planning Commission) anC
the Collective Farm Center, We
carried out census of all collec
tive farms on certain basic cues.
lions. Replies were received
from almost all the collectives
The Statistical Bureau of the Cos
The producers news. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1918-1937, 1931-12-04

being used on 10 per cent Of these.
It is then surprising that among
bourgeois German economists and
agronomists there is a widespread
acceptance of the theory that the
tractor is generally Improbable,
and that the horse is superior? ?
Here the German economists are
in the position of the fox in Ae-
sop's fable who called the grapes
sour because they were out if his
reach. To this we may only say:
it is amusing to read that in ser
ious economic institutions in Ger
many the question is raised as to
whether these small peasant hold
ing cannot be united into produc-
ers' co-operatives so as to enable
them to abotain a tractor. But
for this they do not have in Ger
many the most important prere-
quisite-a Soviet government; the
situation which exists there testi-
flies to the inevitable decay of
farming where the tractor remains
1.-THE property of an insignificant
group of the upper strata and car
force its way to the land only ov-
er the bodies of small scale farm
ers.
What general conclusions fol-
low?
The greatest technical revolu.
ton in the methods of farming in
THE history of mankind calls forth
under capitalist conditions, instead
of the prosperity of agriculture
its decayI
The tractor and the combine
concentrated in the hands of the
capitalist upper strata Of farmers
and even by them used TO little adj
vantage, are unattainable by tn,
overwhelming miority. The trac
tor is stopped at the gates O.
lfour-fifths Of the farmers by tn,
The producers news. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1918-1937, 1931-12-04
TEACH HOW TO
FARM IN MONT.
DECAY OF SYSTEM MEANS
END OF PROGRESS.

The following publicity has been
sent out from Bozeman, Mont, by
the state COLLEGE:
"The agricultural short courses
for young men from Montana
farms who are unable to take the
regular four-year course offered
at the State College will open jan
uary 4, registration day and close
March 25, according to ]. o.
Tretsven, principal of the short
courses.
"This wear courses will be offer
ed in diversified farming, livestock
production and tractor grain farm
ing, together with affiliated stu
dies having to do with general edu-
cation, classes of which will be or
ganized on the opening days. Any
resident of Montana who is IL
years of age and who has a read
ing and writing knowledge of the
English language is eligible fol
registration"
Courses for young men II
diversified farming, livestock pro
ductSOn and tractor grain farm
ing"
They expect that the farmers
will believe that diversified far
ming" will free them from thu
misery they are now in. The!
want the farmers and especial.
the young farmers to believe tina
, the important issues now are no
taxes, and interest robbery bu
one crop farming.
While thousands Of tractors Il
idle for lack of fuel the State Col
: llege wants to teach tractor graf
: farming" While farmers ar
5 forced to do their blowing wit
horses because the decaying capi
= talist system makes impossible tn
2 use of the very tractors which ar
one of its great achievements, tn
state college teaches how tractor
should be run.
This is the horrible irony of ae
a riculture under the capitalist syi
tem-that its greatest technics
advances must rust and decay b
cause the system itself is deca!
ing.
They are trying to get II
e young farmers to take the'
courses in order to prevent the
5 from realizing that there is I
4 possibility of sane farming undo
e the capitalist system, no possibil
e ty of a decent living for the al
d rarian masses. They want Il
: young farmers to enter the pa
i of submissive exploitation inste;
of realizing that they must 10
r the United Farmers League in Il
n struggle of all the farm mass
: with the city workers against Il
n exploiters.