davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-15

PARIS. - Intrenched In easements
stronger than the Verdun forts. locked
up In a frame of steel, water and rock,
lies buried deep in the middle Of Paris
the gold bullion of France. It is the
largest stock Of yellow metal in Europe,
second only to the gold owned by the
United States Federal Reserve Banks.
In later weekly report Frances total
gold was figured at 81 ,939, o00,0 But
almost every day brings to the vaults
Of the Banque de France new barrels
loaded with gold, and this total doubt
less will exceed $4,000 600, 900.
For almost two years the stream OF
bullion has flown unceasing into this
country. It first came from across the
Channel gold being bought daily in
London whenever sterling receded, and
transported by air to Paris. About a
year ago, after the Wall Street crash,
it started from New York. For the last
month gold, frightened by the Nation
alist victory in Germany, has been COM
ing here from the other side OF the
Rhine. Since the German elections,
September IA, the German Reichsbank
has sold to the Banque de France
SGT 500 900 of gold ingots. In less than
two years Frances stock Of bullion has
increased Al per cent, passing from
81 ,372, 600, 900 to almost $4,000, 0oo, 900.
This richest treasury in Europe is
hidden In the worlds best protected
stronghold. Legends are current in
Paris about the vaults Of the Bank Of
France, but reality about them is
scarcely less fantastic than a myth.
Few people here have been allowed to
see them The greatest secrecy sur
rounds the system of defense of the
banks gold holdings. Never have the
vaults been described in the Paris press,
but an American correspondent was
permitted to descend into them and
see the yellow ingots Of bullion neatly
ranged on steel shelves.
There they lie in piles Of i've, every
ingot weighing IL kilos as required by
the bank (265 pounds) and estimated
at price of 100000 francs ($7,843) to
be sold to the bidder. But no bidders
are to be found for them, and the stock
continues to grow from day to day.
It would be no eXaggeration to say
that the Bank of France keeps its gold
in a fortress. Bombs thrown on Paris
from an airplane would never pass
through the armour which protects the
cellars, and IN case of revolution 1000
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-15
Cities Become HOtbeds
for Criminals Because
Danger Has Lures.
BOYS START YOUNG
ON CROOKED PATHS
BY JAY b. NASH,
~ -A.

Professor of Education.
TINE lure of racketeering is that it
fiirts with danger. This Is es-
pecially true in the early stage
l. Of gang life. Playing with danger
has always been the Zest Of life.
It is the essential element OF play. II
Is the essential element Of all games OF
childhood. In its earliest stages 1t Is an
essential element of crime. The city
has developed a place where crime Is
play and also where play is crime.
Cities have become the hotbeds for
breeding gangs which easily take on the
technique of the racketeers. In New
York City this training starts at an
early age. Boys, 6 and 8 years OF
age, demand money for watching your
car, with the threat; Wen puncture
your tires, mister, If you don't pay us. y
Unwittingly few days ago parked my
car in an area where some boys played
base ball at the noon hour. I returned
to find the air out of the tires. I had
been warned by them, but they were
generous in their threat-none OF the
tires was punctured.
Thrill an Elementary Need.
The Paris apache and Jesse James
stir the Imagination, as do Buffalo Bill
ana hlL OhISOH. INO OLlC Cd1l IdhC Viz
place of these men who f1irted with
danger and staked all against the gods
The race has been built upon this thrill
and childhood must have an opportu.
nifty to experience it in socially approved
ways In large cities today these thrills
are gotten from the roofs of our build
ings, where gangs of boys meet and
where regular paths are laid out fol
groups to go from one building tc
another and up and down the fire
escapes.
In our cities these thrills are gotter
in the railroad districts, along the
wharves, stealing brass and lead from
contracting jobs, rubbing chalk marks
OF all automobiles which exceeded the
parking limits and collecting from the
owners before the police arrived, gam
bling on which way the money come:
up from the turnstiles of our elevated
and subways. There is even q thrill
from playing in the street, in taking
chances with the fast moving traffic
These are real thrills. The gang set:
up its loyalty, has its own code and
(C0,,f{n11ad ~, U0,,rfb Da0a
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-15
Super-FOrtress Used by Bank of France
To Keep Europe's Biggest Store of Gold

men, soldiers and bank employees, would
be in position to stand an under
ground siege of at least month. Every
danger which might threaten the stock
Of gold has been foreseen and avoided
by the engineers who some years ago
built the vaults. They are buried under
o6 feet of compact rock.
Underneath and around them flows
the tanned stream of the subterranesn
river of the Grange Bateliere, which
the engineers found on that spot when
they began to dig. They decided to use
1t as means of defense against possible
undermining of the cellars. The water
has been drained in an intricate system
Of canals that surround the waterproof
walls.
The access to the vaults reminds Of
the defense organization of fort. The
doors of steel and cement weigh eight
tons each, and mere twist Of a handle
Is sufficient to block them with an adj
ditional weight of IL tons. There is Q
turret A and turret B, a well with
winding staircase and lifts and long
corridors built on the principle which
had been adopted during the war for
the digging Of trenches. Even If a shell
could penetrate through the roof Of
rock, it would be stopped from explod;
ing on large surface by the thick steel
walls that form the angles Of the pas
sages. Et
Oficials of the bank who show the
vaults. give the turrets and doors the
military names Of first and second
lines of defense" -
A part of the vaults is open to the
public, at least to that part of the
public who wish to rent q safe deposit
for stocks or jewels. There are small
Golfers to be rented, steel rooms with
tables, decks and drawers, all made of
metal-steel and aluminium.
If a riot should occur in Paris tomor.
row, the Banque de France would be IN
position to go Immediately on state
Of siege and resist any attacks Of the
rioters for several weeks. Ir3 less than
half-hour all the clerks and manaR-
ers would be down In the vaults where
desks and chairs stand ready for them.
Sixty airpipes whose outer ends are dis
persed and hidden so carefully that It
would be unlikely for the beSiegers to
discover them, would supply fresh air.
Electric heating machines, installed In
the cellars and entirely independent Of
the heating apparatus of the upper
buildings, would keep the temperature
at q pleasant degree. In q half-min-
ute the dynamos of the vaults would
produce enough energy to supply light,
heat and air. s.seE
The feeding Of the defenders of the
vaults, In case Of emergency, has been
fully provided for. The Kitchens are
ready to cook any moment enough food
fof at least 1000 persons and stocks Of
provisions are renewed every day. sThsre
are down in the cellars cupboards hlled
with plates, dishes, forks, knives and
spoons. Huge Saucepans and ca1drons
worked by electrical power await the
soup and stew. Not the tiniest. detail
has been omitted.
The vaults were dug under the bed Of
rock which was considered as an excel
lent protection for them. During two
years 1900 men worked at them day and
night. The cost of the work IS essi-
mated BY the bank ofncials ~ about
5000 600.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-15

participate In the future discussions on
economic matters of the commission APP
pointed by the League Of Nations to
consider Brands project Of close Euro
pean cooperation federation or some
thing less).
The Turkish government has accepted
similar invitation.
Our Treasury Department. has placed
an embargo on Russian lumber and
pulpwood. on. the ground that convict
labor is used in their production in the
White Sea region. The burden of proof
Is placed on the importer to show that
convict labor was not employed In pro-
duction, loading or Transportation.
A NOTE.-Silver keeps on declining.
On February the English shilling con-
tanned only cents worth If silver at
the current price of that METAL. Its
quotation that day was slilling an
ounce. whereas In February. 1890. It was
nearly ia shillings.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-15
Children of NOmadic Tribe Give Clue
To Realistic Drawings on Cave Walls

hands of psychologists of the Institute
of educational Methods and Practices
at Moscow, who were struck by the
similarity between them and the cave
drawings In both cases, probably
$4,000 years apart, a high level Of
artistic expression had been attained
without any artistic background or ex-
preston. The Gretchen themselves, so
far as is known, have no art.
Study of the drawings. together with
the reports of the teacher, led the psy-
biologists to conclude, according to a
report of the study in the Pedagogical
Seminar, that they were "the outlining
with a pencil of eidetic forms projected
on the paper" That is, the children
formed the pictures in their brains,
projected them on the white surface as
hallucinations, and then ran q pencil
around the contours. The cavemen,
working in darkness, the Russian psy.
biologists conclude. must have followed
similar procedure.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-15

The artless crawls of children Of q
nomadic tribe in Northern Siberia may
have given psychologists a clue 70 one
Of the outstanding mysteries OF pre-,
historic man = the realistic animal
drawings on the walls of French caves
SO finely executed that they would De
creditable to present-day artists with
veloped through the ages.
The children were pupils in a school
esta blislned by the Soviet government
among the Gretchen, a primitive no.
madic people who hitherto had been
almost completely out of touch with
civilization. The teacher knew nothing
of drawing and gave no instruction.
But he found the children making
animal sketches on the paper provided
them for their lessons. The pictures
seemed very good to him and when he
returned to Moscow ksst Winter he
brought a lot of them with him.
Thus these sketches came into the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-15

y
THE BRITISH COMMONWEALTH
OF NATIONS.-The university seats
which the electoral reform bill proposes
| to abolish number IL. The frst sucn
seats were established for oxford and
Cambridge by James I, in 1903, and in
addition there are now similarly repre-
sented the Scotch universities Tin COM
! bination), the University OF Wales,
Queens University of Belfast, London
University and 1.-The combined English
universities not otherwise provided for. =
The aggregate electorate OF the IL
seats is about 10000. Obviously there
are excellent arguments both for and
| against abolition.
The lockout in the Lancashire cot
ton textiles industry is ended with APP
parently complete victory for the
workers.
Sir Charles A. Parrons, the distin-
guished shipping engineer, is dead at
rs. His great invention gave success
full application to the turbine principle
"a magnificent contribution.
The Earl of Bessborough, an Irish
peer, has been appointed governor gen.
eral of Canada in succession to Earl
| wilmington He is a PonSonby, was
educated at Harrow and Trinity Col
lege, Cambridge, is a lawyer though APP
parently of not much practice, knows
without having cut a figure in Parlia-
ment, served in the war, and has large
business interests being chairman of
several great concerns. He Is the ninth
Earl Of Bessborough and was born in
! 1880.
FRANCE.-Several great French banks
are to participate in $32,000,o 900 in
| ternational credit to be extended to
Germany by a consortium headed by
| Lee. Hjgginson & Co. of New York
That participation will not be large
but it is being interpreted as highly
significant It is said on the one hand
| to have the French governments def
mite and cordial approval and on the
| other to be devoid of any political con-
ditions. It may mean the initiation OF
a policy by which the great French
| capital accumulation should be placed
| to a very substantial degree at Ger
many's service. Let us not talk toe
blithely of the millennium, but 1t may
mean a very happy development. And
| this only six months after the so per-
! turbing German elections. though the
Nazis rage and the French Nationalist
imagine that Aristide BRAND is behind
one is glad to note that Raymond
Poincare is making satisfactory prog
ress toward recovery.
| X X X X
| GERMANY. The position Of the
Bruening government seems to be very
greatly improved. On February q
non-conhdence motion, which followed
debate on Chancellor Bruening's speech
at the reopening Of the ReichStag, was
defeated, 293 to 221, only the Fascists
Nationalist and Communists support
ing It. In that very notable speech
the chancellor had raked the ''obstruc-
tionists" fore and aft, had disavowed
sny intention to establish dictator
ship, had urged the Reichstag to re-.
assume to- the full its constitutional
responsibility for legislation and had
pleaded for enactment without delay
and without essential amendment OF
the budget in order to re-establish that
foreign confidence in the German re-
public which the September elections
and later developments OF similar
bouquet had seriously perturbed. nc
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-15
Handicapped.

From the Boston Evening Transcript.
With Senator Hehin an ardent
champion for him 1t begins to look ter
rible for Gen Smedley Butler.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-15
Machine Age Paradox.

From the Akron Beacon Journal.
Awful thoughts New maj hines In the
next decade may produce twice as much
Of everything, and well al die Of want
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-15
BY HENRY w. BUM.

"HE following is brief summary
of the most important news OF
the world for the seven days
ended February IA, 1881:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-15
Seeds Of Changes Growing

But who in 1918 was able to recog-
I1ize the first signs of what was to be
the radio? Who in 1895, or even 1905,
was able to recognize how far the auto
mobile would 60 or what 1t would do
20 the world?
. Similarly, without doubt, there are
today seeds Of changes just beginning
- swell and bud and grow. These Inc
The Daily Alaska empire., 1931-09-29

Old papers tor sale at The Elm pire.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1931-09-29

season contest between them, as was done in 1880, but this is a hardship for players and spectators even though not for charity.
 Army's regular season climax again is with Notre Dame the game to be played at the Yankee Stadium November 28. Navy's cam paign extends week longer, with Pennsylvania listed as an oppon- ent December 5.
 Bouquet for Little Bill'
 A. L. T., the tennis magazine, brings back a voice from the past that of Norman Everard Brookes, in a pungent paragraph of com- ment that links up with the pres ent:
 Tt looks like a waste of time to me-" remarks the famous Aus tralian, ito hold an open tourna- ment now to determine the worlds greatest player, the way Tilden is playing, but I believe that Henri
The Daily Alaska empire., 1931-09-29

Whether those old time gridiron rivals like it or not, the demand for another Army-Navy game this year for cha ty will be even stronger than it was in l93O, when they battled at Yankee Stadium for the benefit of the Salvation Army.
 Charity certainly will be in a receptive mood by the early part of December. The receipts from last winters game exceeded $500,- 900. There will be more uses of it in the forthcoming winter months
The Daily Alaska empire., 1931-09-29

Seattle at San Francisco. Portland at Hollywood.
 Mission at Sacramento. Los Angeles at Oakland.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1931-09-29
STANDING OF CLUBS Pacific Coast League
SPORT BRIEFS

Portland, Ore, the city which calls itself the greatest golfing town in the world" opened its 20th golf course in August.
 A tackle by the name of Walter Camp is a member of the Wash ington State grid squad.
 Henry Iba, cage coach at North west Teachers college, Maryvillc. Mo, played baseball with Danvillc in the Three-I league this summer,
 Seven all-conference southwest Missouri high school football play CTS are enrolled for this fall at Drury college, Springfield, Mo
The Daily Alaska empire., 1931-09-29
@G27kNEI!U'|lH|
 %ALAN GOULD ~- 1sSSSSSSdIs4 1sSSSSSSd4TEg TF52sSE esSSEsz

than there will be touchdowns all season.
 The unsatisfactory part of the situation, from the viewpoint of the cadets and midshipmen, is the uncertainty of their present rela- tions. Again they have proceeded to map out their football programs without taking each other into consideration, since they have no diplomatic relations and therefore remain in a state of open disa- greement.
 This obstacle can be overcome by the expedient of putting on a post
The Daily Alaska empire., 1931-09-29
AUTOMATIC! kELWNAT0R
 Electric Refrigeration
THE CHOICE OF THOSE WHO DEMAND THE YER

Preference for Kelvinator has very defin- ite and sound reason behind it-the repu- tation for traditional quality and depend ability which has merited the confidence of all.
 Kelvinator- pioneer-is time proved. For seventeen years it has enjoyed year. after-year leadership. Today, as the largest exclusive manufacturer of electrical refrig- cration equipment in the world, Kelvinator stands as always, pledged to ideals which have made this success possible.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1931-09-29

to see the exhibition game for un- employment relief.
 Klein drove in four of the Phil lies runs with two home runs, both off Waite Hoyt.
 The Athletics played all regulars and got only three hits.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1931-09-29
PHILLIPS BEAT ATHLETICS 5-0
 IN EXHIBITION
Chuck Klein Drives in Four Runs Champs Get
 Three Hits

PHILADELPHIA, Sept. 29.-With Chuck Klein, National League home run king. featuring his speciality the Phillies pounded out to 0 decision over the champion Ath- letcs yesterday afternoon.
 Four thousand fans paid $8,520
The Daily Alaska empire., 1931-09-29
AUTOMATIC
 4cozn m21

Way Cold four separate and distinct empera delivering four separate services in refrigerator each wholly automatic and independent of the other No manual control necessary-a feature which places Kel vnaor Standard and Deluxe lines far in advance of all other refrigerators.
 Automatic Fast Freezing Remarkably fast freezing in all ice compartments resulting in far more ice per day 2 Automatic Super-Fast Freezing Exclusive to Kel- vinator. nvenon-Iso- Thermc Tubes-provdes the freezing of ice cubesn 80 minutesand des srts in special compartment-au without at tention or regulation.
 Cold Storage-The large with below-freez ing cold is just the place to store ice cream extra ice cubes salads desserts those frozen meats fish and you find at many storesa feature first introduced by Kevinator during the past year Automatic Preservation of Foods-Consant scien- refrigeration in the food compartmentalways below 50 degrees by temperatures of icefreez ing compartments services is extremely important to the home and to the housewife important, necessary that know fully what they are you will inevitably demand Cold Kelvinator in preference to any other refrigeration.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1931-09-29

Five hundred boys participated in supervised playground baseball this summer at Wichita Falls, Tex
The Daily Alaska empire., 1931-09-29

The total land area of North Dakota is 44,9l7, ,120 acres, of which 86 per cent was in farms in 1930
The Daily Alaska empire., 1931-09-29
WIN DOUBLES
 TENNIS TITLE
Vines and Cledhill Defeat Allison and Van Ryn
 in Los Angeles

LOS ANGELES, Cal, Sept. 29- Ellsworth Vines and Keith Gledhill defeated the national doubles cham pions, Alison and Van Ryn, yester- day afternoon to win the Pacific Southwest doubles title by GA, GA and 7-5
The Daily Alaska empire., 1931-09-29

Thirty-six on-conference foot ball games are on the schedules of the Pacific Coast conferences ten teams
The Daily Alaska empire., 1931-09-29

Speed!
 Even though Kaye Don, the British speedboat king, fails to take the Harmsworth trophy back to England, the British now have full claim to the principal speed honors of the sea, as well as of the i land and air.
 | Miss England II broke all the Harmsworth records in capturing the first and only competitive heat on the Detroit river from Gar Woods Miss America TX. It already held the worlds record of no m.ph, made in Italy.
 Malcolm Campbell showed the au- tomobile straightaway record up to 245 mp.h. at Daytona Beach last February and the British Schneider Cup seaplanes have set mans fastest pace at something like 360 m.p.h.
 The answer is that the British build superior motors, generating the speed as well as possessing the stamina under severe mechanical strain. Their intricate secrets are as jealously guarded as the crown jewels.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1931-09-29

Travelling talking picture shows are being organized in India.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1931-09-29

Cochet has the type of game that always will beat Tilden Billy John- son could have beaten him, too, If only he had played differently. that is, down the center line more, and not fed Tilden cross court corner shots"
 It is all very well to make Little Bill feel good now by telling him such bedtime stories, but Johnston simply could not cope with Tilden's resourcefulness, stamina and va- riety of shots at time when Big Bill was at the zenith of his anna teur career.
 Johnston, on many an occasion, hammered them down the middle as Brookes suggests, with good re- suits, but he was not consistently able to maintain an offensive of this sort against an opponent of Tilden's or Lacostes class.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1931-09-29
LAST WEEK OF
 COAST LEAGUE

This is the last week of the sea- son of the Pacific Coast Baseball League. There were no games played yesterday as the teams were travelling to open this afternoon on the following schedule for the week:
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-08-26

world champions. Old Jesse Eaines
was Gabby's choice to pitch the
Cardinals to victory and even the
series.
That was a pitching battle. Speed,
youth and fine control were on
Groves side. Seventeen years OF ex-
perience, uncanny control ana the
best knuckle ball in the business
were lined up with Jesse. The AS
got four hits. The cards got five.
The final score was 3 10 / for the
Cardinals and the series was TIED
up at two victories apiece.
After that remarkable exhibition
Of pitching wizardry. old Jesse told
some OF Us that he believed he had
enough.
I think III let It 90 at that
now" he SAID. "A fellow does real
" get tired Of this. I'm not the kid
I used 70 be, you know"
I thought he was sincere. and
I still think he was. But that was
October. and Spring came as i
always does. Spring has a way OF
calling the old-t!mers back for just
one more fling.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-08-26
s-l7 10 n inc. -lOt-4l32

IN the District Court Of the
United States For the Southern
District OF Texas. Brownsville Divi-
sion.
In the Matter OF Mrs. NJ. l..
Marques Guarantee Shoe Store
Bankrupt. No. 800. IN Bankruptcy.
To the Creditors OF said Bankrupt.
Notice is hereby given. that on
the 25th day Of August. 1881. the
said Mrs. NJ. L. Marques OF Browns
vile. Cameron county. Texas. a
merchant. conducting a business
under the trade name Guarantee
Shoe Store" vas duly adiudged a
bankrupt. and the first meeting OF
her creditors will be held Septem-
Der 5. 1881. at eleven QD a. m. in
the office OF Ira Webster, Referee
In Bankruptcy, Stegman Building.
Brownsville. Texas. at which time
and place the creditors OF the said
Mrs. NJ. L. Marques. bankrupt. may
appear. prove their claims. elect a
trustee. examine the bankrupt and
transact such other business as may
properly come before such meet
ing.
Dated August IS, 1881.
IRA WEBSTER
Referee IN Bankruptcy.
8-26-lt-4l3s