davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-10-12

Immediately becomes one OF tho
strongest in all south Texas, sur
passed IN assets only by banks in
san Antonio and Houston.
business or the merged institu-
tons will be cllducted In the
Merchants National bank building
when the banks open for business
Tuesday morning, 10 IA announced
today. The present First National
bank building will undergo extern
Sive repairs and alterations, and
the bank will occupy the quarters
OF the old First National when
these repairs have been completed.
All cheeks outstanding against
the First National will be paid i'm
the usual course OF business at the
Merchants National bank.
On the board OF directors Of the
new Merchants National, all OF
the present Merchants National
board will serve, with the addition
Of r. B. Creager. Ben II. Read, O..
q. Wagner and @. r. Barreda oc
the board OF the First National.
Gregg Is President
John Gregg Will continue as
president OF the Merchants Ma
tional. with Mr.. Creager and Mr..
Wagner becoming vice-presidents.
Benz +. Read, former active VICE
president Of the First National.
and Mr.. Wagner. will become active
vice-preSidentS OF the Merchants
National bank.
Negotiations looking 10 the mer-
ger have been under way for some
time, II is understood. the merger
finally being contaminated thi1
morning.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-10-12
Valley Ambulance
Gets Early Test
(By Staff CO-reSpOndentl

CBy Staff Correspondent
RAYMONDVILLE, Oct. Ia
"A new ambulance enroute here
from Detroit, driven by M. A.
Thompson of San Benito who
had been attending a national
undertakerS' convention. was
unofficially tested near Green
vile yesterday.
Thompson, who was driving
through the town in the new
machine, arrived at the scene
OF an accident in time to rush
several automobile wreck vic
tins to a hospital.
The new ambulance will be
placed in service here.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-10-12

WAITING ISLAND. Oct. II,
Observation-Disclosures Colum-
bus today discovered America.
The intrepid Italian explorer,
sailing under the flag OF SPAN,
lined the new world with an
heretofore unknown old world.
All epochal feat Of navigation,
until this time considered an
impossibility. even in his own
country, Columbus said the voy-
age required 20 days.
Her white sails sparkling over
the horizon. the discoverer's
flagship. the Santa Maria. burst
suddenly into sight. surprising
the populace. Close behind
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-10-12
Football Game
Injuries Fatal

MOUNT VERNON. Oct. II. Up
Injuries received in a football
game proved fatal to J. T. Chand-
Ter. Is. at his home here last night.
He was injured In n game be-
tween Mount Vernon high school
and Emory high school Oct. 2
Pneumonia developed and resulted
in his death.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-10-12
Attorney Freed

SAN QUENTIN PRISON, Calf.
Oct. 12.-(R-The prison term Of
Asa Keyes. once Los Angeles dis
trict attorney. ended today. le
months after he was committed to
serve a I to 10 year sentence for
conspiracy to commit bribery. He
was granted a parole
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-10-12
Hay Rates Aired

AUSTIN, Oct. 12.-GP-Lon "A.
Smith. member Of the Texas rail-
road commission. and O. ID. Hud-
nall, rate expert, left last night
for Washington where they viii
meet with the interstate commerce
commission in continuation OF a
hearing OF a ase involving hay
rates generally.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-10-12
Suspect Held

SAN ANTONIO. Oct. II. -tFl-
A man was held today in connec-
ton with the Staying OF Martin
Basquez. 80. foreman Of a shearing
crew, on a ranch near Junction
Aug. 81.
He was arrested on the Rock
port road, Is miles from here.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-10-12
Girl Killed

FREDERICKSBURG. Oct. a.
Rl-Miss Louella Dillon. p. Of San
Antonio. died al a hospital early
today OF injuries received last
night when a tire on the auto
mobile In which she was riding ex-
ploded. causing the a TO crash
into a tree beside the highway at
Block Greek, 20 miles from Freder-
icksburg.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-10-12
Air Naval Dispute

ROME, Oct. 12.-tP-When Dino
Grand. Italy's foreign minister
goes to Washington next month
one OF the most important issues
he will discuss with President
Hoover is the long standing naval
dispute between Italy and France
diplomatic circles believe.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-10-12
Citrus Shipping
Reaches 433 Mark
CIV Staff Correspondent

HARLINGEN. Oct. a. Total
Valley citrus shipments this season
we're increased to 433 carloads with
shipment Of AZ cars ove the week
end.
The first carload to move from
the new Texas Citrus Shippers Ex-
change plant at san Carlos was
shipped this morning.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-10-12
Hoover Returns

WASHINGTON. Oct. IL. -P,-
President Hoover returned 10 the
White House early today after a
speedy trip from Rapidan camp
which cut IS minutes from his
usual running time between the
mountains and the capital.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-10-12
CROPS
INJURED BY
HOT WEATHER
Autumn Heat Above
Normal: Potatoes
Good

AUSTIN. Oct. l2-CP-G. d.
Clark, truck crop estimator for the
United States department Of agri-
culture. today issued his review Of
conditions revealing that weather
during September was unfavorable
for the growth Of early planted fall
and winter truck crops.
Potatoes Good
The mean temperature in most
producing areas for the state was
above normal for the MONTH" he
said. while some sections received
local showers, there was an absence
OF general rains and weather sta
tons reported total precipitation
for the month much below normal.
In many localities the rainfall was
negligible. Under these conditions,
termination Of seed was poor ana
many plants were lost in the pro-
cess OF transplanting from seed
beds TO fields. Loss from insects
was considerable"
Clark's report said in the Lower
Rio Grande Valley fall Irish pota-
toes were making satisfactory prog
reSS Oct. ! but in IT, Eagle Lake
Sugarland- Wharton area the crop
was suffering from hot and dry
weather and was in poor condition.
TranSplanting of green sprouting
broccoli in the Winter Garden and
Laredo areas vas well advanced
October / and plants were starting
in good shape. the report said.
Between 375 and 400 acres OF
cauliflower, compared to practically
none a year ago, have been trans
planted TO the fields in the Winter
Garden area" he said.
Planting Under Way
with the exception Of snap
beans, such fall crops as peppers,
eggplant, cucumberS and tomatoes
are in fairly good condition. A few
early fields OF spinach n up. but
badly damaged by insects, however,
general paintings are just getting
under way. In the irrigated sec
tons, Bermuda onions in the SEED
beds are in satisfactory condition.
Reports indicate that the plant
ing: Of onions in the Laredo and
Winter Garden areas will be great
" reduced from a year ago. Un-
certainty still exists as TO probable
paintings in W.llacy -9unty. Corpus
Christi and other dry land areas.
however. it seems likely that with
favorable weather paintings in
nOn-irripated areas will greatly
exceed a year ago.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-10-12

NEW YORK. Oct. l2-P-Wall
Street had a holiday and the banks
were closed. Except for that, and
a few commemorative celebrations
New York observed Columbus day
quietly.
Banks in Brownsville and other
Valley cities we're generally closed
today in observance OF Columbus
Day. Stores we're open for busineSs
as usual
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-10-12
new BANK IS
STRONGEST IN
south TEXAS
First National And
Merchants Merge
Businesses =

The consolidation. effective to-
day, or the First National bank on
Brownsville with the Merchants
National hank, was announced this
morning in q joint statement sign
ed by r. B. Creager, president or
the First National. and John Gregg
president OF the Merchants Nation
al bank. The consolidated bank
will operate under the charter or
the Merchants National bank.
$4,000, 000 Resources
With combined resources Of ap-
proximately $500 900 and deposits
Of more than three and three
quarters Of a million, the new bank
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-10-12
Buildings Burn

GLADEWATER. Oct. I2.-Fl-A
half block in the Gladewater bust
ness district was destroyed y~ester-
day by fire Of unknown origin.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-10-12
THE WEATHER

For Brownsville and the Valley:
Partly cloudy to occasionally un-
settled Monday night and Tuesday.
probably with local showers: not
much change In temperature. Mod
crate mostly easterly winds on the
west coast.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-22

many dirigibles as airplanes have been
built. Otherwise the comparison in ac-
cidents would not lean so spectacularly
against the lighter-than-air ship. For
in these accidents, the U. s. Shenan-
doah and Roma, the French Dixmude,
the English zR-2 and R-34 and the re-
cent horror of Britain's great craft the
R-101, the loss of life has been heavy
and the lay world has been shocked by
the nature of the crashes. Airplanes, of
course, have crashed too, but these &C
cidents have not drawn the same atten-
ton because of the fact that their car
rying capacity has not been as great
and consequently the loss of life has
been less.
It would seem logical to believe, how
ever, that in the future both types Of
ships will have their place in the
scheme of things--the dirigible, vastly
improved over present day craft, to
transport heavy loads over long dis
tances, and the airplane, developed like
wise to greater efficiency and built for
speed to carry its limit for short hops.
The coming of the Akron, therefore,
will be watched with great interest, as
it will mark another stage of mans
progress in the air.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-22
Who Owns the Railroads?

Whether or not such regulation will
in the end be found necessary or ad-
visable, the House Interstate and For
eign Commerce Committees recon-
mendation that Congress consider leg
islation to bring railroad holding COM
panies under the jurisdiction of the
Interstate Commerce Commission is so
logical that it will perforce be adopted.
The proposal, made after months Of
investigation into the activities Of
groups of financiers who are charged
with having circumvented governmental
control over railroad consultations
through the device of holding COM
panies, will take form in a bill that
Representative Parker of New York,
chairman Of the committee, has an
nounced he will introduce. The bill
would amend the interstate commerce
act to bring railroad holding companies
under supervision and regulation of the
Interstate Commerce Commission. Nat
urally, the measure viii have no chance
of consideration at this session. It
introduction would merely serve notics
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-22
THE USE OF PROBLEMS
BY THE RIGHT REV. JAMES E. FREEMAN, D. D., LII. D..
Bishop OF Washington.

that we call our religious convictions,
as we'll as to their expression in daily
habit and practice, we have abundant
demonstration that faith of the heroic
kind, that really entails sacrifice, that
costs something, is the only one worth
having. Every now and again some
one comes to me with sad complaint
concerning the difficulties they expert
ence in holding fast to their Christian
convictions in the face OF certain
trends and tendencies in our modern
life. Something they have read, or
some experience they have had, has I'M
settled them and turned their sweetness
into bitterness. We are desperately
mercurial when it comes to those things
that have to do with our religious faith
and practice. Passing changes in social
life, sometimes change of residence
and less inviting environment, new
occupation, possibly new book with
fanciful and seductive theories, shifts
us from our base and makes us wonder
whether what we have believed and
practiced is really worth having. "Un-
stable as water, thou shalt not excel, |"
was spoken to one of old. 1t has its
application to many Of us today. 1t is
true, as was said recently by discrimi-
mating observer, that in this present
world situation the church has been put
on the defensive. We cannot but believe
that this must prove vastly beneficial
to the church and Christian institutions
generally. We have needed something
to make those who hold to Christian
concept Of life realize the value of that
which they profess. For 20 centuries of
time the most profitable and prolific
periods in the churchs history have
been those where it has met with oppo-
sition. Let us not be afraid of prob
lens. Let us gain strength through
seeking their solution. Things are
more fluid today than they were dec
ade ago-and 1t is good that this is so.
for it affords freshened opportunity
not only to recast some of our methods,
but to give deeper consideration to
those things that are fundamental to
our peace and happiness. None of
these things move me" Is the affirma-
ton we need to sustain and stabilize us
today.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-22
The Debut of the Akron.

With Los Angeles, the only large
drigible in the American Navy since
the Shenandoah was destroyed In an
Ohio storm, now more than seven years
old and approaching the veteran class
Of lighter-than-air ships, interest IN
the world OF aviation turns to the
debut this Summer of the Akron, which
is nearing completion. More than Two
and one-half times the size OF Los
Angeles and, in fact. larger than any
other air craft in the world, the Akron
is designed to be the last word in its
type.
There are two schools Of thought In
aviation, one favoring heavier-than-air
craft and the other lighter than air.
The supporters Of airplanes are in most
cases convinced that dirigibles will take
but a small part In the future OF flying,
that they are unwieldly and slow, and
In the case OF foreign ships are highly
dangerous because of their hydrogen
contents. On the other hand, support
ers of dirigibles point out that lighter
than-air ships can carry larger pay
load In greater comfort than in air.
planes, that they are not dependent
solely on the proper functioning Of en-
gines to stay aloft and that they are
capable Of travelling great distances
without descending.
LIS perhaps unfortunate that not e
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-22
Albania and Its Draft.

From the Worcester Evening Gazette.
Another nation has been added to
the select group of countries which are
willing to respect the citizenship con-
ferred upon their natives by our Gov
eminent. Hereafter naturalized Amer
leans from Albania may return to the
shores of the Adriatic without fear of
being forced to shoulder a musket in
King Zogu's army.
The country's armed strength Is con-
siderably less than the Massachusetts
National Guard and all of Zogu's sub
lectS would make about half the popu-
lat1on OF Philadelphia. AS our total con-
tingent from Albania-men, women and
children-numbers only 5,608, the army
back home doesn't stand to suffer yery
much If occasional returning natives are
not drafted into it.
Still, the State Department is showing
results, II not very impressive results, in
carrying out the policy enjoined by the
resolution of Congress in 1928. Perhaps
In time France and Italy and the other
nations that are holding out may be
persuaded to sign a treaty conceding
that naturalized American is as much
citizen OF the United States when he
travels in Europe as when he stays at
home, and If they can't do this volun-
tarily, there are obvious ways of per-
suading them.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-22
Parties Find Policies Tending Toward
FixatiOn as list Congress Draws to End

ceived with delight by Eastern busi-
ness interests. 1t was in harmony with
q strategy for Democratic success next
year through carrying the supposedly
automatic Democratic South and "con-
sentative" and wet" East. The Demo-
cratic party on the LIST of last Decem-
Der was wet" in its National Commit
tee headquarters and in certain of its
most glittering recent victories at the
duplicate to the Republican party
during the depression by sitting tight
and not rocking the boat"
Since December !, however, the out
standing assaults upon the power in
terests by the large number of Demo-
Gratis In the Senate and the drastic sup
port given by them to Federal appro-
priations for the relief of drought dis
tress have bestowed upon the Demo-
cratic party, in the eyes of Eastern BUSH
ness interests, color rather removed
from that of conservatism" This con-
sequence impels the Democratic party
toward finding favor in the areas of the
progressive" West. There, however,
and in the South, it encounters large,
firm dry" element. That element,
through Senator Morriosn of North
Carolina, and others, has recently lifted
its voice to speak in demanding accents.
n \
The Democratic party today, out of
the events of this session of the Con-
greSS, faces the possibility of several
conceivable compromises within its own
ranks. One of them would be that the
Southerners and WeSterners might let
the party go bit wet" II the Eastern
erners in turn would let the party go
progressive" on behalf of allegedly
down-trodden and Individually discon-
tented social elements in our population,
both rural and urban.
AS opposed then to a Republican
party quite dry" and quite "conServa-
tive" there would be in 1882 a Demo-
cratic party somewhat wet" and more
than somewhat progressive"
Such may be the outcome of the
Democratic gathering here next month.
In fact, the betting is that an outcome
OF that general character, not necessa-
rily In words, but in basic deeds, may be
expected.
(Copyright. 1881
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-22

that the next session Of Congress must
occupy itself with another important
extension of governmental regulation of
railroad control.
Mr.. Parker points out that after the
maneuvers for control Of the railroads
that have claimed public attention in
the last few years an investigation into
the various angles of the fight and legis-
lation to extend control at this late
date might be considered as locking the
stable after the horse has gone. But
there are more stables than one, and sit
would appear sensible first to close the
doors of the stables still occupied be-
fore going in search Of the horses re-
moved"
With Congress having given the In
terstate Commerce Commission the
power to control mergers and CONSOLE
dations designed to reshape the rail-
road map of the country, Mr.. Parker
emphasizes the fact that activity in &C
QUESTION Of railroad control lis ex-
planned by the competition of great in
terests for the possession of strategic
railway properties" And interpreting
these activities as imposing q burden
upon interstate commerce, he asserts
that they have been by companies act
ing beyond the Jurisdiction Of the
commission, or at least as far without
the reach Of that Jurisdiction as the
cunning of lawyers could connive."
Pending consideration by the Inter-
state Commerce Commission Of the pro-
posed consolidation of four railroads in
the East will develop information that
will materially affect the plans of Con-
gress. The consultations, it is pointed
out, may relieve the Interstate Com
merce Commission of trouble it has ex-
perienced over the indirect massing OF
control over the lines concerned in the
consolidation, but legislation would en-
able the commission to examine some Of
the activities west of the Mississippi.
where railways are reported to be seek
ing new connections.
Mr.. Parker regards the disclosures re-
sulting from his committee investigation
of railroad ownership as naturally
bringing about . desire for the regula-
ton of the holding company as an
agency in business, and, once started,
Congress should go through with a
full and comprehensive investigation
into all the activities Of the holding
companies 'in so far rs those activities
impose a burden on interstate COM
MERGE"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-22
Arguments For and
Against Oil Embargo
BY HARDEN COLFAX.

The question Of placing an embargo
on petroleum products from foreign
countries, as favored by certain
group Of American producers, was
argued in hearings last week before
the House Committee on Ways and
Means.
A bill introduced by Representative
CARRIER of Oklahoma and fathered in
the Senate by Senator Capper of KAN
sas would limit the annual imports of
crude oil to 100000 barrels and pro-
hibit entirely the imports of refined oil
products for the next three years.
Those favoring the bill claim that
the United States can produce sufficient
oil to supply three times the present do
nestle demand and that we do not need
any foreign importationS. With a daily
production OF approximately two mil
lion barrels and fields "prorationed," it
Is contended by those in favor of an
embargo, or, at least, the imposition
Of high tariff rate, that foreign oil, If
not restrained, Is likely to flood the
American market and cause distress to
our producers.
- **
The main features of the situation
which are causing concern to the oil
industry are: OD The enormous stocks
, OF crude above ground, which are at
present more than half a billion bar
rels. go The stocks of gasoline at
present-at least four million barrels
more than they should be at this sea-
son. There is a large "closed in" ca
pacity in our oil fields and considerable
unemployment.
It Is pointed out by the independent
oil producers that the cost of production
of the crude in various foreign coun-
tries is considerably less than in the
United States and that competition
with American Oil might be disastrous.
While foreign crude delivered on the
Atlantic seaboard costs less than mid
continent crude, yet the midcontinent
yields several times the value of for
eign crude in finished products.
* 4
On the other hand, some of the testi-
mony was to the effect that such a
tariff or embargo Is not necessary and
would force up the price of gasoline,
resulting in loss to the American
farmer, who is dependent on cheap
rates for running his farm machinery.
The restriction of crude and gasoline
would probably have little effect upon
interior prices, but it would undoubtedly
have a marked effect upon the price
structure Of the Middle Atlantic and
New England States. This is Of great
concern to New England, on account of
foreign fuel oil used in power genera
ton.
Protest was also made by various
steamship owners, on the ground that
fuel rates for American ships would be
increased and oil cargoes diverted to
foreign ships. Adverse testimony was
given by representatives of various heat
and power companies, which use Oil for
fuel to the effect that there would be a
rise in the cost of fuel oil and, there
fore, an increase in price to the fuel
using public. The investment of several
billions of dollars of American money
in production of oil abroad, it was
stated, might be imperiled.
n y y X
According to the annual petroleum
statement Of the Bureau Of Mines, cur.
tailment In the production of crude
petroleum in the United States during