davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1931-06-21
Bribing evil Spirits"
Hard for Peasants

ROME.-The peasant population of
Frignano Maggiore, near Naples, has
almost made up It's mind to stop be-
lieving in spirits after the unpleasant
experience which overlook one Of its
citizens named Cipriano Reccia re-
Gently. Ciprfano had been told by his
late father that a great treasure was
buried beneath their house, but that the
treasure could not be secured because
Of evil spirits which guarded it. He
sought the advice of his fellow villagers,
and they agreed to summon one Migli-
oZzi. who was known In the nsighbor-
hood as Q medicine man. Migliozai AM
swered the call and after carrying on
a conversation with the "evil spirits
announced to Reccia that the spirits
would allow the treasure to be exce-
distant relative, whose spirit, Migliozzi
declared, was causing all the trouble.
The most difficult stipulation was that
the mass must be said in Jerusalem.
Reccia Immediately went about the task
Of raising 5000 lire ($15O to cover the
expenses Of having the mass said and
experienced little diff1culty when he
agreed to share the treasure with vari-
Gus Shopkeepers who consented to
finance him. He gave the funds to the
crafty Migliozzi and the latter departed
with q promise TO return in one month.
That was six weeks ago. Now the cara
btnieri are ct work on the case.
Evening star., 1931-06-21
MEETINGS THIS WEEK.


Monday, Q p.m.-Federal Post,
No. 624,s Thomas Circle Club,
1925 Massachusetts, avenue
northwest.
Monday, 8 p.m.-Front Line Post,
No. 1401, Logan Hall. 1907
Fourteenth street northwest.
Tuesday, 8 pm.-National Capt.
tai Post, No 1877, Pythian Tenn
pie, 1912 Ninth street north
west.
Wednesday, 8 p.m.-Overseas
Military Bard. Drum and Bugle
Corps, National Guard Armcry.
Sixth and Pennsylvania avenue
northwest.
Thursday, 8 pm.-Potomac Post,
No. 1885 (ceremonial, East
Masonic Temple, Eighth and r
streets northeast.
Thursday, 8 p.m.-Follow Me
Post, No. 1880, Concord Club,
3l4 G street northwest.
LADIES' AUxILIARIEs.
Monday, 8 p.m.-Federal Ladies'
Auxiliary. Thomas Circle Club,
1926 Massachusetts, avenue
northwest.
Monday, 8 pm.-Front Line La
dies Auxiliary, Soldiers, Sailors
and Marines Club, Eleventh
and L streets northwest.
Tuesday, 8 pm.-National Capt.
tai Ladies Auxiliary, Pythian
Temple, 1912 Ninth street
northwest.
Thursday, p.m.-Potomac La
dies Auxiliary, Soldiers, Sailors
and Marines Club, Eleventh
and L streets northwest.
Thursday, 8 p.m.-Follow Me La
dies Auxiliary, Concord Club,
314 G street northwest.
Evening star., 1931-06-21

tariffs barring these nations from pay
ing us In goods-makes 1t difncult for
Europe to buy from America ct any
price.
Superior in Quality.
American cotton, generally speaking
has the edge on Oriental growtlls SIM
ply because of a long-standing repu-
tation for superiority" explained Mr.
Clayton. I'VE are losing that repu-
tation as spinners discover that India
and other competing nations are i'm
proving their staple, that Russia is
producing cotton as good as Central
can be bought at cheaper prices than
ours.
This means that If American grow
ers are to compete, they must improve
their quality and reduce their cost of
production. But already we are farm
ing on a basis Of near-starvation. The
farmers living standards are already
at the danger point. Before he can
further reduce his cost OF production
there must be far-reaching cuts in
the price Of the things that enter into
that cost.
THE American Farm Bureau Fed
Grafton made study Of the effect OF
tarin duties on the income and ex-
Va 1dIUlCLS VI Tic +,
they figured that the tariffs net charge
on agriculture was $500, ,0000 900 q year.
Prof. ]. e. Boyle Of Cornell made an
independent survey, and he estimates
the amount to be five times greater,
or $500, 900 900 annually This was
before the passage Of the Hawley-
Smoot rates.
This is the major farm problem" 1"
exclaimed Mr.. Clayton. 1T will be
settled only when we either protect
the farmers labor, or unprotect the
things he must buy. He cannot con-
tinue to buy in a protected market
and sell in a free one, for year by year
the proceeds Of his unprotected labor
command less and less of the products
Of protected industry.
Against Tariff Wall.
"The United States produces in a
normal year about 14.000,0 900 bales of
cotton The American spfnners use
an average Of about 6.500,000 bales
annually. and the remainder is our
surplus for export. II American pro-
duction were curtailed to supply Ameri-
can requirements only, you might put
raw cotton under q protective tariff
but in doing so you would eliminate
the largest item in American export
trade. and you would have to f1nd
employment for more than 100000
Evening star., 1931-06-21

he Is not always on the side Of ex-
treme conservatives and may be found
on the progressive side on occasion.
He Is, in fact. at once conservative and
progressive. He has worked hard and
successfully to build up the magnifi-
cent system Of roads in Maryland and
TO improve the public schools
II he has opposed q child labor
amendment, and thus won the criticism
OF organized labor, he has won the ap-
proval OF labor by opposing the mis-
cellaneouS use Of the injunction in
labor disputes and the co-called vel
low-dog contract. Moreover. labor
President Harding asked the Governors
to call out the militia to defend coal
mine property from strikers Richie
alone OF the Governors in the strike
region refused. He said the tradition
OF Maryland was that Of a people who
settled such matters without the aid
OF bayonets and rifles"
Has Held Down Taxes.
He has been one of the comparatively
few Governors in the decade since the
war 10 hold down taxes in Maryland
In the face Of the pressure for extrava-
the control of business from Washing
ton, and thus invited criticism of being
lined up with the idea favored by the
power trust" and other great corpor-
ate interests. he has nevertheless advo-
Gated adequate State regulation and his
record as counsel for people in his
younger days before the Maryland Pub
lie Service Commission indicates that
he has in mind regulation in the
public interest, though apparently pre-
ferring private operation of power re-
sources. In this respect he differs from
Gov. Roosevelt and former Gov. Smith
of New York
That his political belief and philoso-
ply on the whole is that of an old
fashioned Democrat of the conservative
school is not open to dispute, but, on
the other hand. as Governor he has
proved himself an effective and pro-
gressive administrator and has lived up
| to the tradition OF a State which was
founded with the idea of freedom, re-
ligious and others, uppermost in the
minds of its founders.
Evening star., 1931-06-21

farmers, totaling, with their families,
some 5000 900 persons"
sWhat would you do--if YOU could?"
I asked.
Remove al artificial barriers which
now lie across the highways Of in
ternational trade. The principal bar
riers are tariffs. governmental price,
fixing and war debts.
THE present depression grows out
Of worldwide disruption of normal
commercial activity resulting from the
war and the industrial and financial
excesses following the war. Natural
economic laws have been silently
working toward the restoration Of
normal pre-war conditions. but man,
having become used to the abnormal,
sought vigorously. by every artificial
means in his power. to restrain and
set aside natural laws. This abortive
attempt has served only to deepen and
prolong the distress.
For Lower Rail RateT.
"A comparison of toE;ay's commodity
prices with pre-war prices and existing
railway rates with pre-war rates will
units Of agricultural products to buy a
given amount Of railway service as be-
fore the war.
Failure to correct this maladjust-
ment n an important factor in the con-
tinuance of the present depression.
why should q small percentage Of
the population remain sheltered from
the consequences Of major economic
readjustment when at least IS per cent
to 80 per cent Of the people must take
their medicine?
NO" concluded Mr.. Clayton, I'VE
cannot go on as we are now. The
United States Is the worlds richest and
most powerful nation. Heavy respon-
sibilities 90 with riches-magnanirnit
should go with power. The world des-
perately needs leadership. If we would
point the way out of the present eco
nomic morass through q revision of war
debts and the calling of an interna-
tional conference for reciprocal tariff
reduction, along with reduction of arm
aments, 1t would fill the world with re-
newed courage and hope It would start
the wheels turning again.
1T would do more for agriculture than
anything that is within the power of
the Farm Board to do.
"On the other hand q continuance
Of our present foreign policy will serve
to prolong the depression and cause a
marked lowering Of the standard of
living of the past decade in all of the
great industrial countries, and espe-
cially in the United States"
Evening star., 1931-06-21

economic equality for agriculture
through organization, but that he has
approved $65, ,000, 900 for loans to farm
ers in the drought area: that he has
approved many other millions for agri-
cultural purposes, and that these are
larger sums than have ever been di-
rected to the solution Of the social and
economic problems Of agriculture in the
history OF the world. It will also be
clear that he has recommended and
approved other hundreds Of millions for
public works to relieve unemployment.
Herbert Hoover has organized and di-
rected the greatest drive against dis
treSs ever undertaken by any govern
ment on the earth. Has it availed any,
thing? Let me remind you that under
distress conditions so acute as to cause
political revolutions in many Of the ma
lions OF the earth and violent changes
in many others. the United States of
America has thus far met and wealth
cred the stress without even a strike.
Evening star., 1931-06-21

Germany Today.

In connection with the present dis
cuSsion of debts and reparations, and
the forthcoming visit OF Secretary Stim-
son and Secretary Mellon to Germany
the Public Library calls attention TO
the following books:
Economic and Social Conditions.
The Recovery Of Germany by ]. w.
Angel 1929. F3079.An49r.
He reviews the progress since the
war in terms of such basic industries as
COAL steel, power, textiles, chemicals,
etc, and draws comparisons with the
pre-war status. The picture drawn is
one Of substantial recovery. affordtng q
sound foundation for steady future
progress. r. Dulles.
Germany 10 Years After, by @. H
Danton. 1928 G47.D238g.
"T1he author writes in clear and con-
else style of political and economic re-
actions, OF schools, universities and stu
dents, Of postwar effects on theaters
and literature, and closes his book with
significant chapter on Germany's in
tellectual vitality."-D. L. Hunt
German After-War Problems, by Kuno
Francke. 1927. G47.FS49g
What will most interest American
readers is the paper on German Char
acter and the German-American.'"
Germany, by @. P. Gooch. 1925.
G47G5e.
mo other volume on postwar Ger
many Is likely to give the reader so fair
or so full an insight into the forces at
work there. H. J. Laski.
The New German Republic, by Elmer
Luehr. 1929. F4773.L96n.
"a survey of the history Of Germany
since the signing of the armistice. The
revolution and its causes, control under
the Social Democrats thereafter, events
following the peace treaty, reparations,
industrial rehabilitation and the gov
ernmental processes in the new Ger
many Of economic and political stability
ere discussed"
Republican Germany; . Political and
Economic Study, by Hugh AQuigley
and r. T. Clark. 1928. F4773.Q44r.
"a study Of contemporary Germany
and of the complicated work OF read
justment which has been carried on
ture.a" y 80 ~ ~
Politics and Foreign Relations.
The Government and Administration Of
Germany, by r. F. Blachly and M. e.
Oatman. 1928. J47.B562.
Contains the complete text Of the
German Republic constitution of August
IL, 1919 (pages 642-679). mo greater
compliment could be paid its authors
than the expression Of wonder that q
book containing such . wealth Of detail
did not turn out deadly bore. ."-Jo-
hannes Mattern.
The Reparation Settlement, Signed
June Z, 1929, with Historical and
Explanatory Introduction by DR..
Leon Fraser. Committee Of Experts
on Reparations. 1923. JXAR. Tin.
Viz.
The full oficial text Of the agree
ment.
The Rise OF the German Republic, by
H. q. Daniels. 1927. F47T3.D22r.
'Mr. Daniel covers . wide fleld IN his
book on the German Republic. which Is
Evening star., 1931-06-21

edge Of q very complicated and impor-
tant period of modern history"
The New Germany, by Ernst Jackh
1927. JU47.J124.
"These three lectures, delivered al
Geneva. give an admirable brief histori-
cal review Of German development since
the war"
Germany in the Postwar World, by e
FL. Koch. 1890. 'JU47.K61.E.
"Dr. Koch Wesen develops with mod
Grafton and tact the revisionist claims :
L. r. M.
man, by Rochus, baron Won Rhe1n-
baben. 1929. E.StS37r.E.
''The author net only gives US an IN
tensely interesting and human picture
of the man himself. but he sets forth
clearly the ideals and aims which have
guided his actions and the part which
he has played in restoring confidence In
Germany and In fIfthering the cause
Of international peace. There Is not q
dull page in the book"
The Making Of New Germany, by
Philipp Scheidemann. 1929.
E. Sch.26.E.
"Scheidemann's autobiography and
his memoirs Of German politics, with
emphasis upon events of recent years.
He describes the part he played. as a
Social Democrat in establishing the
new German republic"
The Problem of ustro-German Union,
by P. w. Slosson. 1929. JxAR.
7In6v19.
"That Austria should desire to unite
with Germany can In this day Of ma.
tiona1ism surprise no one; what requires
historical explanation Is why this nat
ural union still remains unachieved,
and why there are still objections to its
consummation."
The Rise and Fali Of Germany's Colo
NAL Empire, l884-191e, by M. z.
Townsend. 1890. JR4T. T66.
Miss Townsend'a volume Is valuable
not only as Q history Of Germany,s SEN
sational colonial expansion in the years
before the war. It Is also valuable in
view Of the existence in Germany of q
strong propaganda for the return %
the fatherland Of its lost colonies"
Evening star., 1931-06-21
DESERVE. ELIMINATE
BY BRUCE BARTON.

which to build" he said. He
was right. After an expensive
and unsuccessful campaign
the new product was aban-
doned.
Another company, whose
volume had grown rapidly
during the months of pros
perity, came into dull times
and began to examine its ex-
penses. 1t discovered that
nearly half it's overhead could
be cut without reducing
profits. While things were
rolling it had entirely neg
lected elimination.
The words apply with equal
force to individual lives. How
many useless habits we loaded
up with during the 10 years
previous to 1929! How we
frittered away our time and
diluted our energies! Appar-
emily hard times are neces-
Sary once in a while to compel
us to cut.
AS for the word deserve,
who has not experienced the
increased sense Of power
which comes when one knows
in his. heart that his plans
and purposes are wholly
right?
Under the spell of such
conviction we astoniSh our
selves by an unexpected ca
pacity. We feel in tune with
infinite forces. We deserve,
and the stars in their courses
seem to be fighting on our
side.
Evening star., 1931-06-21

~ BOADLY speaking, mot
* toes have done me little
good:
- Being exhorted to
"do it now" has not conquered
q natural instinct to pro-
crastinate. Tackle the hard
thing first" has not increased
my courage; nor has "a penny
saved is a penny earned"
spurred me to thrift.
All these wise saws, and
others, would trade for the
two words on which a shrewd
old merchant, told me he had
built his store:
Deserve.
Eliminate.
Almost anywhere you look
in business you may see the
need for those two words.
A certain manufacturer,
whose products already COW
cred the field, announced his
intention of adding still an
other item to the line. His
banker was skeptical. What
excuse Is there for it?" he
demanded. Does 1t meet any
real need? Has 1t any special
qualities that make 1t deserve
to succeed?"
The manufacturer replied
rather testify that he could
not see what deserving had to
do with 1t. There was an op-
portunity to steal more busi-
ness from a competitor, and
he proposed to do so.
The banker protested. THAT
seems a poor foundation on
tCopyrI
Evening star., 1931-06-21

Continued From Third Page)
balance on todsy's market would be a
gain for American farmers.
In the two years Of its existence the
Farm Board has accomplished much.
Co-Operatives Grow.
The membership Of cooperative as
soctations has increased about 30 per
cent. Farmer-owned co-operatives
marketed six times more wool, twice
as much cotton, three times as much
grain in 1880 as was comparatively
handed In any one year before. That
Is Sumcient proof, If proof is needed,
that the Farm Board has steadily kept
its goal in mind and has contributed
surely and soundly to the cooperative
movement.
The Farmers National Grain Corpora
ton is an example. 1t is the central
sales agency for grain, principally
wheat. This corporation has 25 stock
holders who represent some $500 local
cooperative associations and about
2S0,000 farmers. During the first nine
months of the crop year 193o-ls3l this
organization handled 112 900 900 bushels
of grain. The net profit to the
organization was s666, ,26684.
It deals, like any grain merchant, in
the open market. Because it can draw
upon the volume Of grain produced by
some 100000 growers, and because II
operates on every market in the coun-
try. its bargaining power and its posi-
bilities for economic and orderly mar
keting are beyond question the greatest
the American grain farmer has ever en-
joyed.
It's objective is profit for its producer
members. Accordingly. it bids for its
members grain as high price as it car
and still sell the grain without loss. A
fair estimate is that the influence Of the
Farmers National on the market in
creased the price Of grain to growers
from z to 10 cents bushel during the
last year.
These constructive activities of tho
Farm Board will never make tai
headline on the front page of the news
papers. They are not dramatic. They
are the slow, steady pling Of brick or
brick and stone on stone which ART
slowly but surely building for agricul.
taire great service institutions. They
are mobifiZing the economic power oi
American farmers, for collective plan.
ming, collective selling and united ac-
ton.
When the record of this administrA.
ton is finally written, it will be SCI
down that President Hoover not only
recommended and approved the Law
creating the Federal Farm Board
armed with broad powers and $780,
000,0 900 TO be devoted TO achieving
Evening star., 1931-06-21
ROMAN RUINS FOUND
Excavations at \Jerash Reveal
Forum and Theater.

JERUSALEM, June 20 QP.-Many
problems hitherto banning to areheolo-
gists are believed to have been solved
by the Spring campaign Of excavation
the Near East" by the Yale University
and American School Of Oriental Re-
search expedition.
The excavations have revealed O fine
ly paved forum dating from the Roman
period, probably the first century A. D..
Underneath the pavement series of
Hellenic buildings was discovered.
North OF the city were paved colon
nades and terraces. over which D small
theater was built. An inscription proved
this was theater used for 3 water
carnival, which was often forbidden by
the Roman emperors after Constantine
IS obscene.
Evening star., 1931-06-21

NoTE-Ths larse corporate, MANAGED
iis ifE tbe may way eO%f WITH 1000 acre acre ssricul-
tural laboratory" in .Michigaa. Chem.
farm waste. Textile mills viii give mis-
employees Winter work. His men will
work on minimum wage of IS for an
eight-hour day.
Does this marI the end OF the inde;;
pendent farmer? Many have been forced
out already BY laboT-saving machinery.
Farms are being aba ndoned in e@sr-tn-
creasine number. 1t mesrs that the
one-crop farmer is doomed, But the
OF his wants. on his own land. can stu
make = comfortable living. with mod
erate amount of work. We can eat nc
our forefathers. who we're able to supply
al their wants from their own acres.
The mixed farmer can still survive.
Evening star., 1931-06-21
Farm Board Not in Business, Hyde
DECLARES in Forum Radio Address

Continued From Third Page.)
Evening star., 1931-06-21

In connection with the present dis
cussion of debts and reparations, and
the forthcoming visit Of Secretary Stim-
son and Secretary Mellon to Germany
the Public Library calls attention TO
the following books:
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-10-21

able, and of these-88 per cent could be prevented by proper sue pervisiOn and administration. This opinion has not thus far been dis puted publicly by any one; in fact, MT Heinrich's study simply con- firms what industrial safety engi- neers have always believed, and yet here, too, 1t is only a small group of big industries that have translated this conviction into &C., tion. In other words, in only minority of American industries have the known principles and practices of accident prevention been incorporated in the general plant operations; in the majority of industries, safety is still an added frill-something to be done insofar as it will not interfere too seriously with production, labor relations or even mere tradition
 "The records speak for them- selves. The employers of New York state are, on the whole, as as any in America in the matter of accident prevention. an analysis of eye ir- juries during the last six years pre- pared for the National Society for the Prevention of Blindness by pr E. B. Patten of the New York state of labor, shows a more or less steady increase in the num- Der of permanent total disability and permanent partial disab bility cases, from 2,247 in 1925 to 3,200 in 1890. The compensation paid for these eye. injuries shows slight reduction, from $1,902,000 in 1925 to $1,792,000 in 1890. And 1880 was not a particularly busy year for New York's industries.
 "What can the industrial physi- clan or surgeon do in this situa- tion? Frankly, there is little the man can do toward the direct prevention of accidents. There is, of course, very much that he can do in the protection of workers against the health hazards of industry. As every eye physi- clan knows, there are many serious health hazards affecting the eyes of industrial workers and often leading to total blindness. This is true because of the steadily growing use of poisonous in industry.
 There is a great deal, however, that the industrial physician or surgeon can do to help this situa- ton indirectly; he can-often more effectively than the safety en- gineer, the insurance inspector or anyone else-inspire the genuine and thorough-going interest of ex- ecutives in the elimination of &C., cident hazards as well as of dis ease hazards. It is because of this situation that the medical man who is professionally attached to any industry or who has personal with industrial exec utives has a fine opportunity to arouse on the part of that exec utive an interest in thorough-go- ing safety work which will save not only eyes and limbs, but life."
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-10-21
INDIAN MAY BE
 LAST MOHICAN

Milwaukee.-(UP)-"The Last of the Mohicans' may be a reality in Makwa Monpuy, 74-year-old white moustached Indian, known in Milwaukee as William Dick.
 University of Chicago anthro- pologists believe Monpuy is the only person alive who knows and speaks the Mohican language. The aged Indians speech Is important to linguists because the Mohicans never recorded their language, either in pictures or words. A member of the Chicago anthropol- ogy department spent several days here recording in phonetic writing Monpuy's words.
 Although he remembers no 1n- dian songs or legends, Monpuy can speak the complicated language learned from his parents when he was a boy on a Wisconsin reserva- ton. His father and mother came to Wisconsin from a New York res ervation. |,
 Monpuy is a Presbyterian and an elder of his congregation. but retains deep sympathy for In- dian worship.