davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-03

A strong hint that management and
policy may have much to do with un-
employment in such periods as that
through which the United States has
been passing for the last Is months Is
contained in n survey showing that
there are conspicuous exceptions to the
usual story Of lack Of jobs.
The Bureau OF Labor Statistics, not
content with the general figures cover
ing industries as a whole, has carried
inquiries to individual plants and re-
ports the surprising fact that even in
some OF the most depressed industries
certain individual factories actually
chow gains in numbers employed
Every industry has suffered to some
extent by the depression and men of
every trade have been thrown out of
ETufK as result. Nevertheless, a spot
tineSS Is revealed by a careful and criti-
cal study of individual plants which
goes far to suggest that some employers
have been able to combat successfully
the 1n1m1cal forces working within their
fields.
The bureau. for the purposes of its
inquiry, selected 1.240 plants, typical in
character, IN six major industries. The
plants TO be surveyed were chosen with
an eye to getting q fair representative
picture. The six industries represented
may all be regarded as basic. They
are iron and STEEL automobiles, cotton
goods, wooden and worSted goods, boots
and shoes and slaughtering and meat
packing. The employees in the 1,240
plants surveyed numbered $4,000. The
period studied was the year from Oc-
tooer, 1929. the beginning Of the de-
preston and the time OF the worst stock
market collapse, to October, 1880, when
depression was low, indeed.
For the six industries, as O whole.
and the 1,240 factories, the latter date
showed that there had been o reduction
or 22.2 per cent in the number of work
ers. However, against this must be set
the fact that in AZ of the plants no
change whatever had taken place in the
number of persons employed. Remark
able as this may seem in time Of such
widespread industrial stagnation, 1t
lacks the surprise element contained In
the finding that in 223 plants there &C
tually were increases in the number
employed. In IL plants the increased
employment amounted to 100 per cent
or more.
Some Plants Increase Pay Ron.
There are some more or less freak
Industries which may thrive on the pe-
culiar conditions arising out of depreg-
sion, but they are neither basic nor
essential. The remarkable fact found
in this survey Is that In 228 plants in
cluded within the six fundamental In
dustrteS listed the employers found It
possible to increase the number of their
employees. The same price level affected
them all, both as to cost Of raw mate
rails and selling price Of finished goods,
yet the managers did not succumb to
the general paralysis.
The bureau states that in about 20
per cent Of the 1.240 plants surveyed
employment conditions were actually as
good or better In the low month of
October, 1880. than In October, 1929.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-03
Commerce Chamber
Meetings on the Slump
BY HARDEN COLFAx.

TO stabilize business, to do away with
the boom as well as the slump, to pro-
vide as fully as possible for the con-
tinuance of high wages-these are the
prime objectiveS today of American
business as reflected by most of it's
spokesman at Atlantic City last week
attending the meeting of the Chamber
of Commerce of the United States and
now gathering in Washington for seS-
sionS Of the International Chamber of
Commerce beginning Monday.
The programs Of both meetings are
evidence Of the awakening Of business
all over the world to its responsibilities
as well as its opportunities. Definite
possibilities OF business sterilization
from many angles were considered at
a general session of the Atlantic City
convention. Economists, business men,
bankers and agricultural experts dis
cussed the situation and expressed
qualification over the achievements of
the Presidents national survey business
conference as well as the work of the
Emergency Committee for Employment.
Confidence also was expressed in the
new Employment Sterilization Board
appointed by the President.
X X 4
While some American bankers have
been tentatively advocating the idea of
wage cutting, many influential business
enterprises, including some of the most
important industries and railroads, are
coming out against such a policy. The
head of one of the largest department
stores in the country, speaking at At
Iantic City, gave it as his opinion that
business must adopt "a program that
comprehends high wages. mass produce
ton and mass distribution, which, in
turn, brings high consumption with low
prices" The chamber named a COM
nlittee of executives and economists
representing key industries to prepare q
constructive program for continuous
employment to wage earners without
cutting salaries or wages.
X X X X
At the same session Secretary Lamont
made an address on the general situa-
ton, in the course of which he COM
plimented American industry and labor
for the way in which they have both
met the crisis with a conciliatory at
titude which recognized each others
problems" He emphasized the thought
that no governmental policy, however
wise; no single industry, however great,
can promptly bring about a change in
a situation such as that in which we
now find ourselves. 1.-THE lever must
be in proportion to the weight to be
lifted" Mr.. Lamont said. land the only
lever powerful enough to lift us out OF
our present difficulties consists of the
combined efforts of all our industries
and all our people, each doing his share
aS pro0ucer ana consumer. There can
be no doubt that many q &ees paeeas
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-03
SHOOTING STARS.
BY PH1ANDER JOHNSON.
Illusion.

Illusion. q
Unrest awaits us everywhere;
Howe'er our course Is set,
You think elsewhere the sun and air
Are always better yet.
On mountain top or by the sea,
BY woodland or the beach,
You think that COMMUNICABLE" must
The spot you long to reach.
And still you make the old mistake
Wherever you may roam.
You sing about 1t, yet forsake
The place called Home, Sweet Home. "
In vain your fancies are inclined
To wandering quest Of cheer,
For, "somewhere-else." you'll always
find,
Becomes plain Flooding Here"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-03

Reports come Of Q drought in the
desert section of Arabia. Palestine and
1raq, with battles fought ut the wells
for the few drops OF water they sup
ply. This makes the American dry
spell of 1880 seem like q tame perform
ance in comparison.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-03

The Sylvan Theater, south Of the
Monument, is to have its own modern
lighting system, with footlights, spot
lights, colored lights and everything.
Now all it needs Is q loud speaker
whence may issue that clarion call,
us DR.. whoosis in the audience?"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-03

WashinSton's guest book for April
included the King Of Siam, . prince
and princess of Japan, q Colorado boy
hero and some two hundred Thousand
or so American visitors. A pleasant
time was had by all.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-03

Down In chivalrous Virginia the high
way authorities combine praise of the
charms of the Dominion's fair daugh-
ters with warning to her susceptible
motoring sons. Soft shoulders-keep
off" runs the wayside slogan.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-03

President Hoover switched ON the
lights Of former Gov Smiths new sky
scraper in New York. The Governors
admirers may be hoping that he will
touch the button that turns on the
waters at the Hoover Dam a few years
hence.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-03

1t is the duty Of every Washing
tonian who meets up with a visitor to
explain that the destruction Of old
buildings now 50 much in evidence Is
sign Of progress toward the ideal
Capital city.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-03

These aviation record breakers must
bear In mind that the public's memory
for details Is short and 1t will soon be
impossible to recognize a distance, or
duration or altitude achievement % an
exceptional performance.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-03
Citizens Are Shaken.

From the st. Louis Times.
Gov. Emmerson says that his mail
has been all to the good on his recent
veto, but he fails to observe that much
of the citi2ak si1ip was 80 shaken that 1t
hasn't yet been ahle ~ WxitA -
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-03

-Four gondolas are being put into
commission on "Twining Lake." better
known as the Tidal Basin. How are
our local gondoners on Santa Lucia
and 20 Sole Mo-?
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-03

Tie world pauses In It's work to note
the bulletins from the bedside of little
Michael Of Rumania, once q king, now
Just a prince, whose illness is matter
Of universal concern.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-03
Spinsters Are Never Aged.

From the Fort Wayne News-sentinel.
A phiIanthropist has endowed home
for aged spinSters. The idea Is worthy,
but where could one flnd q spinster will
ing to admit such q silly afliction as
age.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-03

Perhaps King Prajadhipok of Siam
would have been even more warmly
welcomed In America If he had name
as musical and as easily pronounced as
his father, the late King Chulalongkorn.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-03
Then WHY Worry?

From the worcester Daily Telegram.
Eventually ornaments wiN be re-
duced. If they are not reduced In
peace-time by mutual agreement, they
will be reduced in wartime by mutual
bombardment.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-03
Theory and Practice.

Theory and Practice.
THE simple life should make q hit"
So said the busiest of men.
ats well to rest awhile and quit
The strife with dollar, sword or pen.
I've not found time to try bit.
OF simple life since Heaven knows
when;
BIT I find time to mention it
villa great approve. now and thea. )"
"I don't care" said Uncle Eben,
how good an opinion a man has of
hisse'f, If he's honestly tryin' to de-
aegye ~ -.------.-----------.---.--.---
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-03
(Copyright. 1879


From the San Bernardino Sun.
Kings nowadays spend their time try
ing to look pleasant while their sub
jects talk about starting republics.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-03

King Prajadhipok seems to have had
a good time in our midst. Where Is the
Washingtonian who does not hope he
comes again soon and stays longer?
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-03

With both national and international
chambers Of commerce looking into
things, some way out OF the business de-
preston should be found.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-03

Chance for Free Advertising.
From the Oakland Tribune.
Any man who is fairly prominent and
married can get his name on the first
page by spending vacation 6 6A1A !
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-03

Spring has reaIly come at last. The
DO-X has started again.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-03
FIGURES Of Speech.

"You are expected" said the serious
adviser, Ito work for the interests Of
the Nation and not solely for your own
constituency"
YES" replied Senator Sorghum.
Times have changed. Formerly when
Summer came around was supposed
to mend my fences Now I am ex-
pected to burn my bridges"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-03
Autocrat Ignored.

oh, wherefore yearn for power vast?
The umpire's word is always last;
And yet, amid the strife 50 grim,
Nobody says "Hooray" for him.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-03

Use Found for Movie Lovers.
From the Akron Beacon Journal
The movie lover serves a useful pur-
pose. He enables q poor wife to forget
for little while that her husband isn't
like that.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-03
Pride.

$50 you don't want your son to be
an artist?"
Certainly not" replied Mrs. Cumrox.
when we want pictures we can AFFORD
to buy the best without using anything
homemade"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-03

JUDD Tunkins says the most fun about
going fishing is talking about 1t in a
way that makes people who have to
stay home and work jealous.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-03

Rate by Mall-Payable In Advance.
MARYLAND and Virginia.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-03

THEODORE w. MOVES. =. Editor
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-03

WASHING TON, D. G.
HUNDAY...........M May 8, 1891
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-03
w.ta nv Carrier within the City.

19 ESoliection made at the end Of each month
Orders may be sent In by mail or telephone
RATIONAL 5000.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-03-13
HOW PERSHINC
USED NEGROElS,
Vet Tells of Worl6
War Treatment
lBy a Worker CORRESPONDENT

(by worker correspondent
NEW YORK,--Whiling away a few
l-stless minutes while recuperati1,
from the flu browsed among the Gel
INNS of that self adulatory rubbish
printed as my Experiences in the
War" in the New York Times, and
found myself rewarded with a char
acteristic but inadvertent confession
OF white chauvinism as practiced In
the highest American quarters upon
the Negro fodder at their command:
ITO meet the needed requirements
in their units I had consented %
send temporarily to the French four
colored infantry regiments pertain
ing to the Ninety third Division
which had arrived or were enroute
without the brigade or divisional or
ganization. One regiment was to go
to each of four divisions, with the
understanding that they were to be
returned for the formations of an
American division when called for.
Unfortunately, this did not turn out
as we expected, for there was no
opportunity to assemble them as &
division, and very much to my re-
greet, these regiments never served
wit huS. although their services as
soldiers while with the French were
highly commended
This was written anent Pershipgs
defense of his policy to keep the
American soldiers as distinct and
separate army, not allowing their use
for films of the gaps in the ranks
OF their allies, no matter how much
the exigency of the hour might de-
mand. How else could his miitaristic
soul be satisfied but to glorify the
American glag first and lay the basis
for the claim that the Americans
saved the day.
Why did Pershing pick on Negro
troops who had just arrived in France
or were even still on the way when
numerous other troops were available
that arrived before and were more
experienced? Why was there no OPP
portunity to reassemble them as had
been plannedp Had they all been
murdered wholesale by using them
to stem the German advance regard
less of the fact that they were green
troops, lacking sufficient preparation,
regardless of the cost in human life?
Pershing's statement illustrates the
super-exploitation of the Negro even
on the battle field.
k. Dorm.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-03-13
Milwaukee Red Builders NeeVs
Club Starts LiVeIy Activity;
Cleveland Maintains Gains

Milwaukee, Wis, is definitely on
the Red Builders News Club map.
Just a month ago we heard some
tentative announcements of forming
a club. Now Neil O'Brien, section
Daily Worker representative, writes
a confident report full of inspiring
facts;
cat last we have got Red
Builders Club started here. The
membership started with Is the
first day, 10 of which showed up
the next morning. These ten are
doing good work. The first morn
ing one of the new members John
Kirchner, took out rs Daily Work
ers. He returned an hour and
half later, all sold out. All of the
members are active. However, one
cOmrade, John Hilty, leads the
whole club, averaging SO a day"
The club lost no time in incTeas-
ing its bundle order from $50 to 200,
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-03-13
MOCK TRIAL IN
CHICAGO, MAR. Il
B oss Gangster City
Council in Docks

CHICAGO, March 12.-The biggest
Chicago Red Entertainment in long
time will take place this Saturday
evening at the Ashland Auditorium
-Four of the best proletarian Choir
uses will compete in revolutionary
songs for the prize-a beautiful red
banner. These singing societies, Lith-
uanian, Hungarian, Ukrainian, and
Freiheit, are known to the workers
in Chicago for their accomplishments
in revolutionary songs and music. In
addition to this there will be a spIen-
did play, 1.-THE Mock Trial of the
City Council in Session. in which
the racketeer gangster rule of the
republican and democratic agents of
the bosses will be exposed. While IN
sull supports fascist Thompson, Julius
Rosenwald, has just returned from a
pleasure trip fro mthe Hawaiian Is
lands in order to see to it that the
workers in his Sears Roebuck Co. are
exploited to the limit. He shouts
that Cermak must be elected or else
the city will go to ruin.
In this mock trial Phil Frankfeld,
one of the Communist Aldermanic
candidates in the Feb. oath elections
and Chicago secretary of the T. U.
U. L., will present the statement
which he gave to the capitalist city
council few months ago when he
was elected from the city council by
the notorious "red squad" Frank
field will present clearly the program
of the Communist Party in the pres
ent city elections.
This great entertainment and mass
election rally must be supported by
thousands of workers in Chicago who
will pack the Ashland Auditorium
Ashland and Van Buren, St., Satur.
day, March IA, at 8 p. m.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-03-13

and O'Brien assures us that with the
spirit with which the club started
we can expect "a substantial increase
in a very short time. Following are
the names of the active Red Build
CTS: John Eilty, John Kirchner, Paul
I1allette, Frank Eaton, Jack Saun-
ders, Nick Sikovich, Charles Gneen,
Lee Talton, John Szkobac and Rob-
crt Berg.
We suggest regular meetings of
the new Red Builders, where ex-
periences and new methods for
ceiling are discussed; and a IeafIet
telling about the club, and point
ing out how unemployed workers
sell the Daily and earn their expen-
ses would undoubtedly draw many
more jobless workers into the club.
Try it and see, Milwaukee!
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-03-13
STILL MILITANT
MUST STAY in JAIL
Ruling in Case of {
Flynn Act Victims

NEW YORK-The three workers
Milan Resetar, Tom lima and Peter
Muselin, who are serving five year
sentence under the Flynn anti
sedition act of Pennsylvania have
been refused release from prison by
Judge Mcconnell of Beaver County
on the ground of their refusal to re-
pudiate the class struggle.
Judge Mcconnell ruled that these
three militant workers must serve
their five years in prison because
they are still Communists and that
as long as they remain Communists
they must serve the balance of their
five year terms" The International
Labor Defense has been vigilantly
fighting for the release of the three
workers ever since their imprisonment
on December Is, 1929, and for the
repeal of the Flynn anti-sedition act
which is aimed at stopping all work
ing class activities.
The I. L. D. Pittsburgh district is
preparing to take the case now to
the state pardon board, and will make
it a paramount issue in the Amnesty
conference to be held March 20 at
Pittsburgh. A broad campaign will
be developed in Western Pennsyl-
vania, with mass meetings, demon
STATIONS and collection of signatures
demanding the workers release.
Judge j. j. Mcconnell is the same
one, who sentenced the defendants
Dec. IL, 1927. In refusing the appeal
for parole, he raved: ''These men are
mad dogs; they want to tear down
and destroy everything but them
selves. They do not believe in god
or schools; they do not believe in
property. I am sorry I did not give
them longer sentence. There is no
sign of change of heart on the part
OF these men. They are still Com
munistS."
Muselin, Resetar and lima were
arrested by the Laughlin coal and
iron police force who had been
bounding since 1922 the militant
workers of that section in Pennsyl-
vania and discharging groups of
workers for their working class ac-
tivities in the plant. On July II,
1926, the police raided private home
where a meeting was taking place
and the three imprisoned workers
were found amongst that group.
A second raid took place on Novem-
Der II OF that year when the ami
versary of the Russian revolution
was being celebrated and Muselin,
Resetar and lima were arrested and
charged with sedition. Much of the
evidence against them was the stand
ard literature issued by the Commu-
mist Party and other left wing organ
izations. 1t included copies of the
Daily Worker, the Communist Mani
festo. The State and Revolution, etc
A bust Of Lenin found in Resetar's
room was also used as evidence to
convict the three militants who were
defended by the International Labo,
Defense.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-03-13

Inc truth OF the. matter is that
the government wanted the free serv-
ice Of the workers to repair the
bridges of the Republic.
A boy earning his living by selling
bread from pushcart was brutally
forced into the ranks of the so-called
Migrants. He was forced to abandon
his pushcart. His mother, of whom
he is the sole support, is left desti-
tute. Other families mourn the alb
sence Of members who are treated
like slaves by the government.
The soldiers wait for quitting time
to accost the employed workers for
this forced labor, rather than run the
risk of arresting persons who have
not been used to working. Workers
who live in the outskirts of the city,
far from the protection of the popu-
-lation, are terrorized by all methods
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-03-13
By CYRIL BRIGGS
(Article No. p

The collapse of the Garvey Move
ment affords further proof of the
readiness of the Negro masses for
really militant struggle for Negro
rights and against the imperialist
slave drivers.
Behind Garvey'g announcement of
his intention to cash in on all avail
able properties under his control in
Jamaica, British West Indies, and
depart for London is nothing less
than a reputation by the Negro
masses of the treacherous Carney
policies of support for the imperial
list oppressors of the Negro masses
and betrayal of the Negro Liberation
Struggle under cover of struggle
phrases. -.y---
The Garvey misleaders, facing the
loss of their easy graft, might con-
ceiVably have composed their differ
ences in the selfish battle for con-
troll of the finances of the organiza-