davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-06-12
Hieh-Crade Teachers

Because of their social prestige
and freedom of expression, the Nor
wegian teachers as a class have fur
nished larger quota of leaders and
distinguished men and women than
any other class of people in Norway,
says the United States Office of edu-
cation. Many of the prominent law
makers served at some time as teach
ers in country or village schools
Many of the ministers and bishops
in the state church were teachers in
their younger days. Cabinet MEM
bers, ministers of state, and several
of the premiers of Norway have
come up from the ranks of the ped
agogues. The teacher is an active
and important factor in the entire
social and political order of the
country, says the office.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-06-12
Sweet Clover Pastures
Favored for Dairy Cow

(By j. C. NISBET, Extension Dairyman.
Kansas State Agricultural Coilege.)
Sweet clover when planted in ro-
tation of corn and grain crops may
be utilized to advantage by dairy cows
Sweet clover planted in the spring
in an oat crop may be ready for light
pasturing in July. One or two cows
may be kept on an acre for the bal
ance of that year. The following sea-
son the sweet clover will offer early
pasture 1t will last through the hot
dry season Second year Sweet clover
pasture should furnish pasture for
two or three cows per acre.
Sweet clover as a convenient night
pasture is of value to many dairymen.
A practice very commendable is to
provide an oat straw stack in the
sweet clover pasture. Cows show
desire for some dry feed. The feeding
of dry alfalfa hay before turning out
to pasture reduces damage from bloat.
1t is important that cattle become
accustomed to the taste of sweet clover
while the stems are still small. A
bitter element, coumarin. develops in
more mature sweet clover to which
cows may object
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-06-12
Great Variety of Wood
Used for Railroad Ties

Should the question arise as 10
what wood is used in the manufac-
ture of crossties for railroads, most
any answer would be correct Sta
tistics gathered by the Department
of Commerce disclose that appreci-
able quantities of the following
woods were used:
Heart white oak, heart Douglas
fir. heart pine, heart cedar. heart cy-
press, heart redwood, heart chest
nut, ash. hickory, red oaks. sap
white oak. sap cedar. sap Douglas
fir, hemlock, tamarack. sap pine. sap
redwood, beech, birch, cherry, gum,
hard maple, sap chestnut, elm. soft
maple, spruce, sycamore and even
magnolia. Sap pine led in quantity.
with cherry lowest on the list. In
all more than 35,OOO.0OO ties were
turned out in 1929.-Washington
Star.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-06-12
Gold Mining Helped Out

Aided by old-time desert rats" a
number of persons solved the unem-
ployment problem at Yuma. Ariz.,
last winter. The nearby desert and
hills contain quantity of gold and
the dirt covering it in many in
stances was washed away by heavy
rains. Several hundred unemployed
men, guided and instructed by old
time prospectors whom they grub
staked," left town and PANIED gold.
The average return was between 50
and So a day. "We aren't getting
rich" one amateur miner explained,
"but we are eating and can hold out
until something better turns up"
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-06-12
General PerShinS9S
Story Of the A. e. T.
oopyHs.r irn by General
& Rsp'd".Ss ss John IL Pershing
by General
John IL. PeTshing

nents were about equal. the strategicaI
aspect largely resolved itself into a
consideration of the number and loca-
ton of divisions on either side. The
situation was of such a character that
il was a question which side could
provide the superiority of forces nee
essary to success. In other words. the
outcome would depend upon the num-
Der of troops that America could send
over.
All eyes were on the eastern front
To allied statesmen the collapse of
consequences to the allied command
ers it forecast the release of approx
mately 100 divisions and the increase
in the enemy's ranks in Belgium and
northern France to a preponderance
that could not be overcome. To Us il
indicated a race between Americas
best effort to pour our fighting men
into France and Germany's best deter
mination TO crush the allies before our
soldiers could arrive in sufficient mum
bers to dominate the battlefield.
Faced Defeat With Allies.
Our estimates of the shipping for
troops and supplies as set forth in the
plan by which a due proportion of
combat and line of communication
troops were to form such increment of
for the shipment of twenty four di-
visions. a total of over 2.O00.0O0 tons.
No one seemed to know where we
were TO obtain the 100000 tons of
shipping in addition to the 100000
tons we were then supposed to be
using.
1t appeared almost certain then that
should disaster befall the allied armies
that under these conditions we would
have to go down with them.
| always felt certain. however. that
tonnage could be found for our pur-
pose if the necessary pressure were
exerted to force it ilto use. Appeals
were made continuously and persis-
tently in an effort TO get action on this
vital question. but several months
elapsed before it really came.
Taken as a whole. the apparently
slow progress of our preparation in
Europe also caused considerable ad-
verse comment, if not diSmay. among
the allies. Inquiries were made d.
rectly by the military and civil officials
as to why we did not move more
rapidly, to which the reply was al
ways, lack of shipping"
New British Offensive.
Immobilized by the mud of Flanders,
where British attacks had continued
internationally from the end of July to
the middle of November. with rather
excessive losses, the British command
er in chief turned to more southeriy
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-06-12
Curious Find Thrill In
City Street Blasting


To many curious New Workers
who, from nearby sidewalks or win
dows of office buildings. watch men
and machines dig through the city's
rocky subsurface to make room for
the foundations of a new skyscrap-
er, the climax of entertainment
comes when a blast Is set off. The
explosion ends a series of careful
preparations.
Powerful drills bore small holes
through the stone strata, covering
the driller with clouds of gray dust
Then several workmen bring small
wooden boxes of dynamite sticks to
the spot. One by one the sticks are
pushed into the hole and crowded
together by use of rod similar TO
an enlarged broom handle. The man
with the rod shoves it against the
sticks in a manner that brings cold
chills to the onlookers. At last the
explosives are all packed in, with
wires attached to set them off.
Then the powerful, almost human,
steam shovel goes into action. Its
gigantic claw lifts large steel car
pet, rusty and very heavy, and
spreads it nearly over the hole. An
other steel mat goes on top of the
first to insure against any flying
stones. All is now ready, and a
shrill whistle warns workmen and
spectators TO seek safe places.
BOOM" The carpet surges up
ward; neighb0ring buildings shake.
a cloud of smoke comes from the
hole.-New York Times.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-06-12
INA ln0N\N
Hi THE NY
lUSIU&
COW ESSENTIALS
IN HOT WEATHER
Sufficient Feed, Shade and
Fresh Water Needed.

To maintain high milk production
during the summer. it is necessary that
the dairy COW have sufficient feed,
plenty of shade and a good supply Of
fresh water.
"As the summer advances. the grass
gets dry and short and its content
changes from high protein and low
fiber to low protein and high FIBER"
says ]. A. Arey, extension dairyman
at the North Carolina State college.
"This condition necessitates the feed
ing of more grain with high protein
content together with silage or soil
ing crop. Grain feeding during this
period should be as heavy as during
the winter months"
Hot weather will generally decrease
milk production and Mr.. Arey suggests
that the animals have ample shade
during the hot part of the day. Around
cities, where the pastures and loung-
ing lots are small. he advises that the
milking herd be stabbed during the
middle of the day.
Flies are also source of great
annoyance to cows in summer, and
Mr.. Arey says unless some method Is
used to combat them the best results
from the herd cannot be obtained.
Flies are controlled easiest by destroy
ing the breeding places, he says.
Stalls and pits should be cleaned at
least once each week and the manure
hauled from the barn direct to the
field. Any accumulation of litter or
garbage furnishes ideal breeding places
for flies and should be cleaned up as
often as possible.
Because ii is impossible to destroy
all flies in the larvae stage by clean
ing up the breeding places. ii is fur
ther necessary to use poison. fly traps
and sprays to kill off the younger
brood after Matching, recommends Mr..
Arey.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-06-12
CHAPTER XXI

The units of the Twenty sixth CT
vision. Maj. Gen. Clarence Edwards
commanding, began to arrive the lat
ter part of September. continued dur
ing October and the early part of No
vember, and were now assembled in
the billeting area near Neufchateau.
l inspected the division November
II, 1917. and found the various or
CARNATIONS presented a very credit
able appearance. The officers seemed
alert and military and the personnel
looked strong and vigorous. Their in
struction had been carried out under
the direction of Brigadier General
Traub. one of the brigade commanders,
and seemed to be well advanced.
The probable situation as TO man
power in which the allies would find
themselves in the spring was causing
much solicitude. The Germans had
captured Riga in September. Keren-
sky's power was at an end and the
bolshevik government was established.
with Lenin and Trotzky in control.
The situation was such that Russia
had become entirely negligible as far
as assistance TO the allies was con-
cerned.
An analysis of the possible strength
OF the contestants showed that Ger
many would be able to spare a consid-
cradle number of divisions from the
Russian front. Careful study by my
staff. in cooperation with the allied
stats, had led to the conclusion that
her total number in the west by spring
would be as many as 217. not counting
the possibility Of the added strength
of forty-eight divisions from Austria
The greatest number the allies could
muster. according to estimates, would
be 169 divisions, counting two Ameri
can Italy could not be counted on to
do more than barely hold her own,
even with the help of the eleven allied
divisions then on that front.
Other American divisions might pos
eibly be in Europe by May 1 if they
should arrive according to schedule.
which was doubtful, but they would be
too late TO participate in the expected
early spring campaign. At the low
rate of arrival we should not have
more than half of the twenty-one di-
visions promised by the War depart
ment ready for service by June.
Outcome Depended on America.
In this war. where the battle lines
extended across entire countries and
IN which the qualities of the oppo-
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-06-12

between. The wide floor boards which
were so appreciated in old houses
were practical in their day because
they were laid in houses which were
not thoroughly heated. But in modern
homes with steam heat wide boards
are more likely to swell and open I'D.
They have to be put down by a differ
ent process-veneered and screwed in
addition TO being side-nailed."
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-06-12

probable release of enemy troops from
that front, the adverse situation in
Italy. the depletion of allied man
power, and the reliance Of the allies
on American assistance.
The premier enjoined the military
Representatives ito bear in mind that
their function is to advise the su-
preme war council as a whole and not
merely as representatives of their re-
spective nations on the council, and
that they should view the problems
confronting them not from a national
standpoint but from that of the allies
as whole"
The military representatives at this
conference were instructed to examine
the military situation and report their
recommendations as to the future plan
of operations; to study the immediate
situation in Italy from the offensive as
well as from the defensive point of
view. and to report on the utilization
of the Belgian army.
1t was evident that this body was to
become kind of superparliament
not only for the discussion of re-
sources. aims and purposes. but for
the determination of policies looking
to concert of action in support of the
military efforts. The spirit In which
the problems were approached at this
meeting made it clear that the su-
preme war council would sensibly pro
mote cooperation among the powers
The second meeting of the inter
allied conference December 8 closed
its sessions. None of the questions
brought before the first session could
be settled. but they were taken up
by the more permanent body. the So
preme war council. which. as time
went on. undertook to coordinate the
work of the various committees that
had been forced to handle the prob
lens involved
(To BE CONTINUITY
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-06-12

step just taken toward unity OF com-
mand in the creation of the supreme
war council. But the decisive factor
in the whole situation, If IL could be
utilized In time, was the tremendous
economical and physical power of the
United States. To make that avail
able before il was too late was the
problem upon the solution of which
depended the success of the allied
cause. Would the allies see II and
would they work together to solve iti
When all were seated around the
table in the assembly room at the min
istry of foreign affairs Prime Minis
ter Clemenceau. VINO presided. spoke
briefly. setting forth the importance
of the gathering and the necessity of
translating the noble spirit of the alli-
ance into action. No attempts ar ora
tory were in evidence. nor was there
prolonged discourse on any subject
Naturally questions concerning avail
able man power, shipping. munitions
and supplies were mentioned. but only
in a general way. The conference did
little more than agree that the study
of the various subjects should be left
to committees composed of interallied
representatives.
1t was very clear that everybody
was looking to America to provide the
additional man power needed to give
the allies superiority. None was more
eager to increase our forces than our
selves, but on my part every possible
argument to procure shipping had
been presented TO the allies and to our
War department, so when the confer
ence urged the expedition of our
forces it made the strongest kind of
of allied aid in tonnage.
For some time reliance upon the
allies for any considerable amount of
tonnage had seemed almost in vain,
and it looked as though we should
have to depend upon our own limited
resources for most of it The British
were giving some assistance in the
transportation of men. American ships
had carried up to November 1. 67.218
and the British 54.751.
The results of the British success at
Cambria were not to be permanent, as
the Germans quickly retaliated. Gen.
eral Won Marwitz hastily assembled a
force of some fifteen divisions. and
November 80 suddenly launched a vio-
lent counterattack. The British were
short of reserves. and before Won Mar
witt was stopped his troops had re-
gained most of the lost ground.
1t was in this operation that de-
tachment of our Eleventh regiment of
engineers became engaged while serv-
ing with the British. The men, to the
number of $50. were at work in the
Gauzacourt railway yard when the
Germans attacked. One officer and
nine men were wounded, and the de
tachment withdrew. They were then
given arms and fought with the Brit
ish.
War Council Meets Again.
The second conference of the su
preme war council was held at Yer
sailles December L. Our representa-
tives, political and military. at this
meeting were Mr.. House and General
Bliss. respectively. AT the opening
session NJ. Clemenceau drew attention
to the general situation, referring espe-
cially to the collapse of Russia. the
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-06-12

give more Of hopefuIness in the gen.
eraI situation and. allied spirits were
somewhat revived.
The British had won at Cambria and
were making satisfactory progress in
their advance on Jerusalem, which, ii
was said. would be facilitated by the
use of their new base at Jaffa. The
Italians seemed to have recovered
their morale to a limited extent. with
the stiffening Of their lines by British
and French divisions, and had success
fully held their own against the Aus
trian attack on the Piave.
Not the least hopeful thing was the
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-06-12

portion of his line for the final often
sive of the year. Choosing the Cam
brai front on which to launch the eff
fort, careful preparations. including
the concentration of an unusual num-
Der of tanks. were made to insure a
break through the enemy's defenses.
The tanks and the infantry were to
make an opening through which the
cavalry was to pass and attack the
TANKS of the enemy. Then French
troops held in readiness in the vicinity
were to follow. AS to the question of
command of these combined forces
when both should become engaged it
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-06-12
Well Developed Yearling
Bull Ready for Service

At about year old, the well-devel-
oped bull is ready for light service.
Three services twenty days apart for
the first two months will prove about
the maximum if the bull is to be kept
in long service. AT eighteen months
ten services about fifteen days apart,
and at two years twenty services eight
days apart will cause no harm. The
bull IN full service needs just about
the same amount of feed as the cow
in milk. This means that grain al
lOwance of from four to eight pounds
a day is necessary. On lighter serv-
ice, of course, the lower limits of
grain are satisfactory.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-06-12

was TO be left TO the senior general
officer in the vicinity. who might be
either French or British. In going
over these plans it seemed to me thar
their idea of securing cooperation
after the French should begin partici-
patton was rather vague.
During the day We first went to visit
General Byng. commanding the Third
army. who explained further details
of the attack and the progress already
made. He and his chief of staff were
busy receiving news from the front
and .elt that all was going well.
British Victory Spurs Allies.
The attack was made on a six-mile
front and the British had the advan-
tage from the outset The sudden de-
bouchment of the long line of tanks.
closely followed by the infantry, all
without the usual warning of long pre-
Iiminary artillery bombardment. COM
pletely surprised the Germans. The
tanks broke wide gaps in the wire and
subdued the machine-gun nests. aiding
the infantry through the defenses with
a minimum of loss
The front was rather narrow, con-
sidering the depth of the detectives A
maximum gain of some four and a
half miles was secured the first day,
and greater result was prevented. it
was said. by serious check to the
tanks at Flesquieres-
For some reason or other the French
were not called into action. but pre-
sumably IT was because the British
cavalry. which was to precede them
could not go forward as planned. The
offensive continued for two or three
days longer with varying success II
was. however. q decided victory, and.
while not as great as the British ex-
pected, it gave encouragement to the
allies on the western front and no
doubt helped TO Offset temporarily the
depressing effect of the serious defeat
recently sustained by the italian army.
CHAPTER XXI
An American mission headed by Col.
E. III. House arrived in France toward
the end of November for an interallied
conference. Other members of the
mission were Admiral W. S. Benson !;
Gen. Tasker b. Bliss, chief of staff,
Oscar T. Crosby, for the Treasury de-
partment; Vance Mccormick. chair
man of the war trade board; Balm
bridge Colby. shipping board: Alonzo
e. Taylor. Thomas n. Perkins, war in
dustries, and Paul Cravath.
AS the Representatives of different
nationalities gathered in Paris recent
reports of decreasing losses of ocean
tonnage and greater destruction of
German submarines. with prospects of
still further improvement. seemed to
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-06-12
Egeshen Colorinrs

White-sheIled eggs are produced by
chickens of Mediterranean origin, such
as Leghorn. Minorca and Blue Anda-
lusian; whereas brown-shelIed eggs are
produced by the American-developed
breeds, such as Plymouth Rock, Rhode
Island Red and Wyandotte.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-06-12

Thinking is one of the most unpop-
ular amusements Of the human race"
asserts DR.. Nicholas Murray Rrfler.
Yet ii Is truly remarkable how me-
people think they think.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-06-12
Noted Baron

Newsholme - When you were
abroad l suppose you saw the great
tracts of barren waste?
Newrich-Yes: hasn't he Won
derful eState?-Pearson's.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-06-12

Cold Strengthens Aluminium
1t has been found that aluminium
becomes stronger in the bitter colds
Of high attitudes.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-06-12
Fraidy Cats

To the faint heart, the new IS al.
ways impossible. - The Country
Home.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-06-12
Dairy Notes


Highly favored feeds should be FED
to milk cows after milking, instead
of before. 1t will also keep down the
dust in the barn if all feeding is done
after the milking.
Conveniently located milk houses
save time for dairy operators. Con-
struction is also important. Smooth
floors and walls which can be easily
cleaned will prove good investment
Remove scrubs from the next gen.
GRAFTON of dairy cattle by using only
good breeding animals now. say Penn
sylvania State college dairy specialists
Buy bulls on production records ouly.
healthy weIl-fed COW has no more
need for a tonic than does a healthy
person for medicine.
The average dairy herd Improvement
association COW in Iowa produces $500
pounds more milk and ia pounds
more butterfat than the average dairy
COW in the state.
The owner of low-producing dairy
nerd has no choice-he must send the
poorest cows to the butcher, or else
he will find himself working for moth
ing, or less than nothing.
Improvement IN the butterfat pro-
iucing ability of the dairy herd rests
fully as much with the bull as with
he cows.
Before feeding such root crops rs
potatoes. beets. and turnips TO the
larry COW. they should be run through
feed chopper
The average COW In the MasSach..
aetts dairy herd improvement assoe-ia
ions produces more than 3tH point
# bufferfaf per year or 20 roan.i
more than the aserage for the stale
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-06-12

Before feeding such root crops rs
,otatoes. beets. and turnips to the
larry COW. they should be run through
/, feed chopper
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-06-12

Improvement IN the butterfat pro-
fucing ability of the dairy herd rests
fully as much with the bull as with
he COWS.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-06-12

The average COW In the MasSaehs.
etts dairy herd improvement associa
ions produces more than 3tsi porn't
Il bufferfaf per year or 40 rnan.'
more than the rage for the stale