davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-08-02
Why | Am Not Afraid
of Communism
BY BRUCE BARTON

are young and keen and good
fighters, as we have plenty of
reason to know. I'll bet that
most of them would rather be
outdoors fighting the Indians
than sitting idly in jail. Why
not recruit them into regi-
mentS and send them WeSt?"
The proposal was adopted
and was Immediately success
full. But this is what hap
pened in one instance, which
throws q fine, clear light ON
the practicability of Com
muniSm. I quote from my
fathers Life of Lincoln:
"A thousand men were en-
listed at Alton, Ill. and Camp
Douglas, in Chicago. They
left Chicago on two special
trains. Each man had In his
pocket 5000 bounty in United
States greenbacks, and none
of them had any other money.
During the period Of their i'm
priSonment most of them had
become habitual card players,
if they had not previously
been so. It is said that before
they reached their destination
a very few individuals had
the lions share of the money.
Perhaps never before on earth
was there so equitable an ex-
pertinent in the results of
starting men out in life on
the basis Of equal division of
property. The equal division
appears not to have lasted
very long,"
Life is a battle and a gamble.
We can improve the rules, give
fairer handicaps to the less
favored, and make the game
more humane.
But we can't alter the fund
amentals of human nature.
Communism tries to do that;
and Communism will always
TAIL. .i.3azl- zisAEn In
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-08-02
Texas Drafting New Conservation Laws
@t To Preserve Natural Wealth of State

AUSTIN, Tex.-Laws that will seek
10 conserve all kinds of natural resources
of Texas will be enacted by the Legis-
lature. which is now holding a special
session, if the recommendations Of Gov.
Ross Sterling are carried out. While
the waste of oils and gas Is receiving the
primary attention of the legislators, the
necessity for applying conservation
practices to the soil is regarded as
highly important by Gov. Sterling.
"Texas of today owes q solemn moral
obligation to Texas of tomorrow, not
to exhaust and dissipate its resources
needlessly so as to deprive oncom1ng
generations of their benefits" he said
in a message to the law-n1aking body.
This applies to soil, water and other
mineral resources, with equal force as
to oil and gas.
Sees Grave Problem.
"The impoverishment and deteriora-
ton of the States agricultural lands,
already in advanced stages In some
sections, Is creating conservation prob
lem which bids fair in the not distant
future, unless checked, to attain dis
tressing proportions, directly affecting
the welfare of every farmer in the State
whose soil is being Slapped Of its fertility
through erosion and lack of proper
rotation Of crops. State assistance and
counsel, properly directed along proven
scientific lines, could do much toward
preserving the quality OF the soil and
spare the tillers thereof incalculable
losses from diminished productivity.
Existing laws are inadequate to carry
out the conservation clause OF the State
Constitution, and in consequence, the
State is suffering grievously. The oil
industry, one the States principal
sources of wealth, Is demorali2ed and
lettering on its foundations; thousands
Of people, directly dependent upon the
industry, are going bankrupt; HUNDREDS
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-08-02

Of thousands. perhaps millions, Of others
are feeling the effects indirectly, and
the State itself is losing millions of
dollars annually in reduced gross pro-
duction tax receipts-all due to the wan
ton release and waste of oil and gas
which nature has been storing up for
thousands Of years in the subterranean
sands.
Soil Basic Resource.
"The soil is the basic natural resource
OF the State, and 1t is being depleted
so rapidly that unless remedial steps
are taken the heirs to our agricultural
lands q few generations hence will find
them a wornout, unproductive legacy.
Such already has proved the case in
other States where the lands have been
cultivated longer, without adequate at
tention to conservation.
"The public waters, too, are becoming
more and more important as a natural
resource as the State grows. More and
more they are coming into demand for
power, irrigation and municipal use.
While we have a water board for their
conservation we should look well to
keeping our facilities abreast of the
changing requirements Of the times, lest
we fail to realize the full public ben
ef1tS Of our waters"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-08-02
BY CASTOR NERVAL.

BY CASTOR NERVAL.
THIS week Bolivia celebrates her
national day, the date on
which the republic was solemnly
i proclaimed after a 15-year
struggle for independence from
the Spanish crown. On August g.,
1925, a newborn country was added to
the concert of nations, and Simon
Bolivar, the George Washington OF
South America, was invited to become
the first President Of the republic that
was to bear his name.
Like Peru, with which 1t has many
characteristics in common. and with
which 1t constituted one single terri
torial division under the Spanish do
minion, Bolivia celebrates this year her
national anniversary in q most inter-
esting period of her history. described
last week the critical economic and
political conditions under which her
anniversary found Peru, as a conSe-
quence of the breakdown last August
of a dictatorial regime which had
lasted IL years and the period OF I'M
rest and reorganization which followed
1t.
Bolivia, too, had a revolution last
year, but hers was not one against an
old-established and autocratic rule,
like that of Leguia, in Peru, but rather
one of prevention against the possible
institution Of similar regime in that
country. Political friends of President
Siles had persuaded him to make him
self the strong man of Bolivia and. fol-
lowing the example of the Peruvian
dictator, to have himself reelected for
another four years, in spite of the
constitution and the will of the Boil
Wan people, which disliked his admin
istration.
Revolt Spread Quickly.
When the plans of Siles and his
friends were known, bitter opposition
spread throughout the country and did
not stop until military uprising broke
out in one of the most important cities
of the interior. Other cities joined the
movement and soon it was seen that
the Bolivian citizenry almost in its en-
tirety was behind it,. OF course 1t was
rather difficult task for President
Siles to hold out against the great ma
jority of the Bolivian people and the
army, so in less than a week he was
seeking refuge in one of the foreign
legations in La PaZ to escape the wrath
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-08-02

of the mobs celebrating the success Of
the revolution.
The aggravating elements of an old
dictatorship and a reign of despotism
abruptly discontinued not having been
present In the Bolivian change of gov
eminent, the transition to a normal,
legalistic status was not nearly as hard
even today, as I pointed out last week,
uncertainty and a general spirit Of
restleSsness are predominant in do
nestle politics. In Bolivia the pro-
visional military junta which took
charge Of the administration, with the
unanimous support of the population,
had no great difnculty in restoring
order and accelerating the return OF the
country to q normal, constitutional
form of government. 1t is true that the
presence of two outstanding men had
peaceful reorganization possible.
The Bolivians were fortunate in hav-
ing as head of their provisional revolu-
tionary government a man like Gen.
Blanco, with no personal ambitions or
political obligations binding him to any
specific party. And so were they in
having a man Of the tremendous pop
ularity and moral prestige Of DR.. Daniel
Salamanca, who for years had been re-
garQeQ the mentor OF the people ana
had counted with the confidence Of all
political parties. The presence Of
these two men in the Bolivian scenario
must be given much of the credit for
the fortunate way in which that
country has gone through her latest
revolutionary crisis.
Won United Support.
The nomination Of DR.. Salamanca for
the constitutional presidency of Bolivia
was hailed by all political sectors. and
in the general elections Of last January
he received the unanimous support Of
the voters. Today, six months from his
Inauguration, he still commands the
confidence Of all sectors Of political
opinion in Bolivia, situation almost
unprecedented in the annals Of flckle
South American politics.
However, If, politically speaking, Be-
livia seems to be, temporarily at least,
cured of the complications which are
ailing her neighbors-Peru, Brazil,
Chile, Argentina, etc-it is in the eco
nomic field that she is confronting to-
dav the largest number of problems she
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-08-02

nor several reasons I find
r. it difficult to get as
i excited as some Of my
friends about the threat
Of Communism.
In the first place, we have
had universal education in
this country for a long time.
Nearly all can read and write,
and quite a large proportion
can think.
In the second place, our
wealth, though very inequit-
ably distributed, is enjoyed by
a far larger proportion of
people than has ever been true
in any nation before. Millions
own homes and land and
stocks. Few are entirely sat-
iSfied; no one imagineS the
present social structure ideal,
but very few care to risk los
ing what they have on the
vague promise Of acquiring
more.
But there is a third and
more fundamental reason.
Communism, even if 1t came,
would not continue. Some
form of capitalistic society
would very rapidly take its
place.
Here is an interesting illus
tration:
Back in the latter days Of
the Civil War, when 1t was
necessary to draft men for the
Northern Armies, the Indians
of the West thought it a pro-
pitiouS time to revolt.
Several regiments Of Union
soldiers were withdrawn from
the front to settle the upriS-
ing. A Pennsylvania politician
made a smart suggestion.
He said to Abraham Lin
coin: "Our Federal prisons
are filled. with Southern mill
tary prisoners. These boys
(COpyri
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-08-02

high standing gives political science
and economics in the third year Of its
law course. In other words, the four
year law course of that university Is
not entirely q law course, but, to an
extent, academic, and what are prop
erly subjects of general education are
given in the junior year.
Universities awarding the degree OF
doctor Of philosophy in this country re-
quire a reading knowledge of two Ian
guages, besides English, of course. That
requirement does not exist in most
Central European universities. A can
didate for a doctorate in this country
must possess a college degree, or its
equivalent, and that Is more than the
gymnasium, required throughout Central
Europe.
The fact Is that the American doc
tors degree is in the nature Of habili-
tation required by European universities
for the position of decent, or professor,
at university.
1 am not enamored Of a system
which permits students TO register at a
university and does not require them
to attend lectures and classes. Seminar
attendance is not enough. Lectures and
attendance upon classes give a certain
amount Of training. Without attend
ance upon lectures and classes student
can obtain the necessary amount OF
guidance even from a correspondence
school, II he does not attend classes,
he simply Grams" for his examinations
and we all know what examining means
as to actual knowledge.
OF course, it Is not my intention to
underrate European universities gener-
ally. It Is necessary, however, to cor
rect certain erroneous impressions. Nor
do I intend to say thai an American
cannot profit by attending certain Eu-
ropean universities. He will do well
however, If first he obtains thorough
grounding at hcme and then, If he can
go to Europe for special studies and
experience, just as q European doe,
well to do the same at home and also
to come to America for special studies
and experience. 1t Is about time, how
ever, for certain type Of American
to cease undertaking. what his country
Is doing in the field Of education. The
number OF American Nobel prize win
ners in the field Of science should 60 far
to prove that in educational matters
and the scientific sphere America has
A1 Nr08kA l-~iA----i--.---t -A-l---iI-4A-- 4-A~.-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-08-02
New Streamline Tire
Cuts Wind Resistance

AKRON, Ohio (P,-Airplane tires
have gone streamline.
Out of the search for ways of de-
creaSing air resistance of autos and
airplanes has come new, parabolic
type airplane tire, exhited at the re-
cent national air show In Detroit.
. The new shoe" was developed to be
used with new tvpe wheel.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-08-02
PETAIN TELLS WHY FRANCE
SHUNS DISARMAMENT LEAD
War Council Hears Forts Necessary and
Germany Has Larger Standing Army.
Il Lacks Faith i'm Pacts.

for disarmament. Can you give It? You
can, but you will not. You have con-
sistently refused in the past, yet If only
you would say today IF France is at
tackled, the United States will inter-
vene,' we could disarm tomorrow. AL
we ask is security"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-08-02

To one who has a fairly intimate
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-08-02
BY CHARLES PERGLER,

Member Of the Czechoslovakian Chamber
Deputies and Former Ambassador OF
CzechosloVakia TO japan.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-08-02

a meeting of the
- French Superior War Council in
the ElySee Palace this week
i Marshal Petain emphasized the
reasons why France cannot con-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-08-02
BY ALBIN e. JOHNSON.

~ ENEVA.-Trafickers in dan
gerous drugs and the higher.
r ups" behind Illicit peddlers
~ who prey on human bodies
Nogales international., 1931-10-10
Fulton Winner
And Loser I'm
Big Jim Suit

j. L. Fulton won one complaint
and lost one in his Civil suit a.
ga.nst the Big jim Mines VIII ch
was heard Wednesday and Thurs
day before Judge Ross of Bisbee at
the local courthouse.
Fulton was awarded Judgment on
one complaint for $1257o, covering
machinery purchased by the Zig
jim company from Fulton.
The other complaint, which was
decided in favor of the defendant,
covered $4s2 bill that Fulton was
forced to pay for the e G jim. The
court decided that the contracs,
involving the $4e2, was with A. G..
Keating personally, and not the Bis
jim Company. Keating is president
of the company.
Nogales international., 1931-10-10
Praises Nogales
Federal Employees

Federal Employees in Nogales re-
Gently agreed to give from their
salar.e .es toward the Fund for the
Relief of the unemployed in Nogal-
es. Arizona. DR.. A. l.. GuStetter
Chairman of the Welfare Com
mittee advised the heads of the va
rious departments in washington
of this fact and is in receipt Of re-
plies, from which IS quoted the fol-
lowing:
Mr.. Clifford, Chairman Of the Pre-
sidcnt's Organization on Unemploy
ment Relief
"The Presidents Organization or
Unemployment Relief is much pleas
ed to know that all Federal en-
ployees of Ncgales have agreed te
contribute voluntarily two per cent
of their wages monthly for six
months period to help meet the
emergency of unemployment. Such
unanimous action is highly COM
mendable.'
Arthur M. Hyde, Secretary OF
Agriculture
Acknowledgement is made OF
your telegram of the 18th, in which
(Turn To Page F-ve)
Nogales international., 1931-10-10
Thousands See
Civic Display

Thousands Of persons were down
town Thursday night for Nogales'
second annual Civic Display, held
under the direction of the merch-
ants division of the Chamber of
Commerce.
Practically all stores were open
during the evening and several had
elaborate window displays, among
the number, La Vile de Paris, The
Modern, Pucl1i Brothers, El Bazar,
La. Reforma, George B. Marsh, Inc,
Sonora News, Arizona Furniture
Company. and Model Shoe Store.
Live models displayed the seasons
latest fashions in the windows of
FL Bazar and La Vile de Paris A
mong the models were Miss Mar
garet Elias, Mrs. J. A. Cumming and
Miss Dolores des Saulles.
Nogales international., 1931-10-10
Expedition Back
From Mexico Trip

TUCSON, ARR, Oct. 9.-Laden
with botanical specimens of excep-
tional value, University of Arizona
scientific expedition into Mexico has
returned to the state institution.
The primary purpose of the brief
trip was to study and collect spe-
cinens of sahuesa, plant similar
to the giant cactus but wholly with
out spines.
The party was headed by A. A.
Nichol, landscape gardener at the
University. Other members Of the
group were Prof. w. G.. McGinn es,
range ecologist; Kieth Douglas, re-
search student; Gilbert sykes, guide,
and w. L. Crowninshield, represent
ative Of the University of Califor-
MIA. The party reported marked
courtesy and kindness of Mexican
governmental offic ais,
Nogales international., 1931-10-10
Jury Verdict Is
Partially Upset
By Judge Kelly

The verdict of the jury in the
case Of George B. Marsh, Inc, ver-
sus the Stearns Marketing Company,
which was on trial for five weeks
here during July and August, was
partially upset Saturday by Judge
Henry Kelly of Yuma.
The jury verdict, according to
Judge Kelly, was incorrect as to;sev-
eral items. The judge ruled that the
Stearns Marketing Company was
wrong in charging George B. Marsh,
Inc, a double commission on to-
mato sales in 1927 and he said
that the only commission Stearns
could charge George B. Marsh, Inc,
was the ten percent commission a
greed upon and that other comnis-
sions paid brokers in the East could
not be charged to George B. Marsh,
Inc.
The court ordered Judgment in
favor of George B. Marsh, Inc, and
against the Stearns Marketing Com
pany for these extra commissions
and for SIS car distributing charge
which in many cases was charged
against tomatoes shipped by George
B. Marsh, Inc.
j. B. Robinson and Jake Roch11n
of George B. Marsh, Inc, claim Jhat
these credits. with other items al
lowed them by the judge, will a.
mount to eight or $4,000.
The motion heard Saturday by
Judge Kelly was argued by Judge
/ Samuel L.: Pattee of Tucson and
! Attorney James v. Robins OF Du11y
| and Robins, for George B. Marsh'
Inc, and by attorneys Duane Bird
of Nogales and George Hilzinger OF
Tucson, who represented Stearns
Marketing Company.
Accountants are, now working on
the books of the Stearns Marketing
Company to determine the amount
to be refunded George B. Marsh,
Inc, by reason of Judge Kelly's rul-
/ ing.
Nogales international., 1931-10-10
Three Fires
In Two DAYS

Three runs were made Wednesday
and Thursday by the fire depart
.nlerft. .At i::3; Wednesday noon
there was u chimney fire at the
Manuel Moreno home, Crawford
and West streets.
At 430 Thursday afternoon slight
damage was done when a gas heater
exploded at the A. M. Gillesp c
home on Crawford street
The third call was to an unCc-
cupied house at 432 Elm street
which had been set on fire by some
children about 7:3O o'clock Thurs
day night. Damage to the latter
house, owned by the Nogales Build
ing and Loan Association, was a.
bout $25.
Nogales international., 1931-10-10
State Patrol
Collects Fees
OF $25,957.5O

PHOENIX, Cot. Cooperation Of
the state highway patrol during the
months of August and September
resulted in the collection of fees
amounting to $25, ,95750, according
to report submitted by James M.
Hall, superintendent, to the state
highway commission. The report
also shows Att citations were is
sued to motorists in the period for
various infractions of the motor
laws l
The statement also shows that 2&
arrests we're made by the patrolmen
in the two months period, with Is,
convictions secured, for which fines
amounting to 1897 were assessed by
justices of the peace.
Of the total citations issued, 1,OO1
were to operators Of cars bearing
foreign licenses, although the own
ers were residents Of one or more
years in the state. In each case the
citation required that an Arizona
license be placed on the vehicle and
the taxes paid on it.
The report shows 3,139 cards were
issued in August, resulting in the
collection Of fees amounting tO $16
039, while in September, 1873 cards
were issued which brought in fees
amounting to $9,s18.5O.
In the time since the patrol be-
gan active duty, August 8, 1881, to
October l, more. than 1000 stop
cards were issued, requiring the op-
orator to correct certain defects.
These were in the nature of warn
ing.
Nogales international., 1931-10-10

reached.
Small retailers will revolution;ze
their businesses, unemp1oyment will
be greatly dim nislled and new mil
lionaires will result from the period
from which business has been suf-
fering, he declares.
1.-The depression has been due to
many things, one being the compe-
tition that has changed the method
of marketing merchand Sc. The in
flux of chain stores has resulted in
individual store owners forming CO.
operative associations to reduce
waste"
Professor Lippincott bases his be-
lief that the depress on is at an end
on commodity prices. Commodity
prices are now so low that profit
goes to very few and the limit of
any price contraction is the cost of
production on, an economic basis
with a small margin of profit"
Opportunities for investments are
now the best in years, the econom-
ist says. Investors can double their
money in three or four years. he
declared
Repeal of. the prohibition law
would only benefit business by per-
mitting the government to lower
taxes, Professor L'ppincott said. A
taxation of $12 a barrel on beer
would permit a one-third reduction
in federal taxes.
Nogales international., 1931-10-10
RAILROAD SEEKS
FAIR DISCUSSION

P. E. Baffert, terminal super1n-
tEnueut tof the Southern Pacific,
received the following self -explana-
tory telegram yesterday from H B.
Ttconb of Guadalajara, president
of the Southern Pacific de Mexico:
A circular dated october 3, 1881,
signed by the Secretary OF the Strike
Committee, has come to the notice
Of TIE Southern Pacific Railroad
Company of Mexico, which states:
GA strike is threatened due only
and exclusively to the innumerable
violations Of our working contracts )"
Articles 265, 266 and 267 of the
Labor Law OF August 28th, provide
that ten days notice must be given
to the Federal Board of Concilia-
ton and Arbitration before strike
is called and Article 571 provides
that parties at conflict upon request
of the Federal Board of Cancellation
and Arbitration will endeavor that
the conditions remain in the same
state in which they were before the
conflict arose, recommending that
no strike or shut down be declared
while the Investigations of the de-
+ernoininp causes of the conflict are
being made.
I'm many Of the discussions lead
ing I'D to max ng of the contracts
I have personally made known TO
the Committee in an effort to con-
ciliate any subject under discussion.
There has been no case in question
submitted to me by the Union Com
rnittees. The law further provides
that all questions of Interpretation
of contracts where the parties con
not reach an understanding be sub
roitted to the Federal Board Of Con-
Citation and Arbitration for an un-
biased decision. 81 q y
1.-The Southern Pacific Ra' lroad
(Turn To Page Five)