davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-17

of-oate pillow, and religion, represented by
winged cheruhs. is shown placing collar on
the peasants neck.
At the left, By way Of contrast, Is a white
walled, attractive town-a farming community
Of the new Russia, OF course. A well fed and
happy peasant is filling his farm in the fore
ground, and Is using q tractor to do it.
This, OF course, emphasizes the stock argu-
ment Of the Communists. The peasant Is told
that in the old days, when there was an estab-
hshed church and all Russians were devout
Christians, the lot Of the peasant was miserable.
In the future, when rilgion has been abolished
and scientific farming methods have been
adopted, the peasant viii be prosperous and
happy.
Even more spirited, however, are the posters
urging war against the kulak, visible in every
Fart Of Russia.
To understand these one must first under
stand Just what the kulak is.
Before the revolution there was considerable
group Of peasant farmers who had lifted them
selves above the level Of the average 1and-tiIler
They had enlarged their holdings had obtained
cattle and horses and had become comparatively
rich. AS natural result, they did not. look at
all favorably on the revolution, and they
especially disliked the program for collectivized
farms.
These comparatively well-to-do peasants were
known as kulaks When the revolution became
successful and the theories Of Karl Marx be-
gan to be put into practice the kulak got
squeezed ana ANS AO6 Decame unpleasant.
For time the Soviet leaders did all they
could to put collective farming into effect by
force. The kulak resisted nightly with an
the stubbornness Of the stiff necked peasant
and he resisted 30 successfully that last July
Stain issued orders that collective farming
should no longer be forced on the peasants.
Instead Of forceful methods, the kulak was %
be persuaded.
Soviet agents went through the country 10
DO the persuading. They told the peasants
mat If they would put their stock machinery
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-17

be SO productive that the kulak cannot hope to
compete with them. As a matter of fact, It
may yet work out that way.
IL is hard to tell just now how the collective
J. farm idea Is progressing. Government
posters on display In Moscow claim SO per cent
Of the peasants have already taken up collective
farming, and assert that whereas they only ex-
pected- to have $1,000 collective farms by 1893,
July Of 1880 saw them with more than 80, 000--
indicating that the program was running ahead
Of schedule
On the other hand, it was reported that IS
per cent. Of the peasants left the eollectives
after Stains order that no one was to be
compelled TO enter the collective farms by
force, and guide In Russia admitted to me
that the collective farming idea has, in many
respects, been failure.
We could not change the psychology of GA6
Russian peasant in 20 short q time" she said.
One OF the most effective Of the collective.
farm propaganda posters that I brought back
Continued Oh Fourteenth Page
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-17

greatest educational program ever at
tempted by any natfon-and is doing
it by means of kindergarten principles
adapted for the use of adults.
In Soviet Russia there arc approx
mately 90, 900, 600 HliterateS-grown men and
women who can neither read nor write.
The Russian government is determined to
stamp out this iliteracy. It has to do this IL
it is to survive. The success Of its vast Com
munistic program depends, in the long run, on
the loyalty of the ordinary citizen. This
loyalty can only be held by means Of propa
ganda: propaganda that has to be clever, I'M
csasing and ever-present.
But how can propaganda be handed out TO
people who cannot read it? What good Is q
ream Of Communistic pamphlets If the people
or tail Of them?
Russia, ACCORDINGLY, is making an amazing
effort to educate her teeming millions.
But that Is not all Of it.
Russia's 60,0OO 600 lliterates In addition to
being unable to read or write, are wOefully
ignorant of what most people of today consider
some Of the first principles of civilized life.
Parents do not know how to bring up their
children. Sanitation, in many cases, Is an un-
known quantity. The peasants whose lot k TO
be improved by the use Of the tractor and other
devices Of up-to-date agricultural experts do
not understand how TO use them, or why they
should try to use them.
Consequently the Russian government has
another motive for educating its people. And It
Is trying 70 do 1t by means of campaign that
is both impressive and picturesque.
1 HAVE just returned from an extensive tour
] q Russia, during which fairly marveled ct
tho propaganda work being done by means Of
posters.
there k en- almost INFINITE number OF these
posters. One sees them everywhsre-an ne
museums, ON great boards IN parks, m aEt GAL
leEies, on city streets. saw them, literally, by
the thousands. Millions have been printed and
put up IN al parts oG Russia.
Ghe subject matter covers everything relating
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-17

and labor into the collective farms the govern
ment would give them land to work and would
furnish them with seeds. tractors and other
machinery.
In addition, the government would build
canning factories and packing plants where
farm produce could be sold. Furthermore,
schools would be provided for all rural villages,
and radios would be installed In farm homes.
Thus the collective farm was made to look as
attractive as possible. In addition, however,
the Soviet undertook to attack the kulak from
the outside. Russia Is literally plastered with
posters which urge the citizens to make such
success Of the collective farms that the kulak
WIN simply be forced out of business.
One Of these posters b particularly impress
sive. It shows the kulak-and sour-looking
individual he Is. too-in narrow plot Of
ground, completely surrounded by collectivised
farms. On these farms are men with tractor
drawn piows. who are blowing in steadily
narrowing concentric circles about the plot
occupied by the kuluk.
The idea Of course, Is that the state-owned
farms. equipped with modern machinery, WIN
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-17
Teaching Russia's
UIitIyutg Millions

Going Back TO Kindergarten Principles, the
Whole ConntryB Plasfered Win Big,
Brightly Colored Cartoons Thai Pit O0er
So0iet Propaganda against AIcohoL the
Church, UucleanIiness and Wealth, While
Radio Stories and Newspapers, Printed tn
Half-Inch Type Like a ChiIdS II B C's
Help the Cause.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-17

to the Soviet government, its aims and its
purposes.
To understand this great poster campaign 1t
is necessary to 60 back little way IN history
When the BolSheviks took charge Of the
Russian governmenk In the Fail OF 1917 they
found disorganizek and confused country, 20
per cent Of whose inhabitants were iIIfterate
At the same time It was utterly imperative that
tremendous changes IN the habits OF thought
and life Of all OF these people be introduced.
Consider few Of these drastic changes:
First, there was the anti-reIigious campaign.
The mystical and devout Russian had to be
changed to an atheist. devoid Of religion.
Next, there wae the campaign for collective
farming. The peasant, clnging stubbornly to
his acres. had to be induced to give up his
individualistic methods and see his farm merged
in huge state-0wned holdings.
On top Of that there came the fve-year plan.
This plan entafied great sacrifices; naturally, It
had TO be explained 20 al Of the people 50 that
It could have their support.
In addition. there was the regular Communist
doctrine that must be instilled ON every hand.
h NATURALLY, an of this called for an edu-
catiOnal campaign Of tremendous scope.
The government tackled Il with a vim. Pam
phlets and newspapers were used extensively
for such citizens g could read them.
Museums were established In cities and towns
to help the work along Soviet orators were
sent out to carry the MARKHAM gospel to an the
people The radio was pressed into service,
50 that today Il plays IN ever growing part In
the great propaganda and educational campaign.
And, through Il an, there are the posters.
Best known in America, probably, are the
anti-religious p0steT9 These often take forms
that seem extremely shocking to the ordinary
non-REssian. They are very bitter and virulent,
and there are . great many Of them on display
everywhere.
One Of the most striking Of these I brought
back to America with me. Il is q 1arge-scale
affair. AZ the hight 70 shown q fgurattve
representation Of the eo-called harmful effects
Of religion. A tOlllng peasant Is shown ssrug-
Cling IN vain % make living from O barren
farm, with "a enaaeiated horse pulling an OUT
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-17
BY X <LPH l.. COSLER.

OVIET Russia today is undertaking the
greatest educational program ever at
tempted by any natfon-and is doing
it by means of kindergarten principles
adapted for the use of adults
In Soviet Russia there are annrnxi-
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-09-25
N.Y.U., MANHATTAN
 ENJOY SCRIMMACE
Tipper Conley and Johnny Hartnett, Local Boys, Regulars With Jaspers

New York University's football team had it's last strenuous drill prior to it's opening game with Ho- bart at the Polo Grounds tomor- row when it engaged the Manhat- tan College eleven in scrimmage which lasted for more than thirty minutes at Ohio Field yesterday.
 The meeting with the Jaspers was the second time in three days that Coach Chick Mehan has sent the Violet squad agains metro- politan college eleven. Last Tues day N. Y. U. clashed with Colum- bia at Baker Field in similar workout.
 Upon the completion of each play yesterday Meehan and Coach John Law of Manhattan took time to correct any flaws that were in evidence. No attempts were made for scores and to save time the plays were run across the grid iron instead of up and down.
 Joe La Mark, N. Y. U. quarter back, intercepted two Jasper passes. In another instance, thirty-yard forward pass, Thomas to Smith, gave the Jaspers an ad- vantage. N. Y. U. lined up with Dunn anc Zaremba at ends, Vavra and Con cannon, tackles; Marchi and F1rs- tenberg, guards; Chalmers. cen- ter, and Joe La Mark. Abee. Mac Donald and Tanguay in the back field. Manhattan had Smith anu Mover, ends; Lepis and Higgins tackles; La France and Hartnett. guards; Jacunski. center, and Stol- zenthaler, Ryan, Ashkar and Con- ley in the backfield.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-09-25
HEATHER CHAMP HANDED DRUBBINC | BY BUSHY GRAHAM
Battalino Loses Seven of Ten Rounds in N0n= Title GO at Cincinnati Ralph Lenny Wins

Cincinnati, Ohio, September 25 - Bat Battalino, worlds feather weight champion, was defeated here last night by Bushy Graham, Utica, N. Y, boy who won seven of the 10 rounds, two being even. Graham started out right at the outset to outpoint the champion and kept it up practically to the end.
 Bat Outclassed
 Battalino, with his right set for a knockout at all times, never ob- tained a chance to land it on his smart little opponent. Graham weaved in and out, shooting first left and then right into Bats face with startling regularity and al- though Battalino continually kept on top of his rival, he could not land a punch clean enough to make much of an impression.
 At the end of the fight the fans yelled hoarsely for Graham as the victor and when the judges decis- ion, giving Graham the fight was announced, the Utica boy danced with joy while the crowd heartily seconded the verdict.
 Graham In Fine Shape
 Granam was Tn great COHuAtfoH and danced about like a water sprite and Battalino's attempts to hit him were ridiculed by the fans. The judges voted 2 to 1 in favor of Graham.
 The crowd numbered 5000 with receipts amounting to between $5,OOO and $6,000. The weather had turned cool and probably kept many fans away.
 Pete Reilly, manager of Batta- limo, was disappointed with the judges decision. "Battalino was the aggressor all the way and really outhit Graham, but the crowd rooted Graham home,' he said.
 Lenny Beats Mitchell
 Ralph Lenny, Union City light weight, gave a flashy exhibition of boxing in the semi-windup of the Graham -Battalino fights. Lenny started off right at the start to outbox Howard Mitchell, veteran Cincinnati fighter, and soon han the Queen City boy mass or bruises. The two fought at close quarters most of the way in which Lenny proved vastly superior but at long range Lenny also was su- preme. Ralph won by big mar gin.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-09-25

Both the Blue and White and Green and White teams have lost many days awaiting sanction from the school head. pr Edward God frey, health officer, announced Monday that it was perfectly safe for scholastic teams to drill out doors, but practice has not been called yet by Schofield or Lee who were unable to so act until the school head had given them offi- cial word.
 Probably Practice Monday
 Just when either eleven will go through it's initial outdoor work out is still unknown as your cor- respondent was unable to reach either mentor this morning. It is highly probable though that the first drill will be held Monday, as Schofield and Lee will be unable to reach all their charges tomorrow for a session.
 Crosby Looks Good
 The East Main street eleven will take the field this year with four veteran lettermen from last sea sons undefeated club in it's line up. Co-Captains, George Mulligan and Mike Martone, Red" Moran and Specs" Dunn are eligible Tor another year. Prospects who looked good to yours truly from spring practice are: Ruggles' George Dews, Ned Farley, Jurgai- tis, Bob Mcdonald, Buckley, Harp Dunn and McHale.
 Material from the 1880 second team which is available for Scho- field this season includes: Egan, Ned Herr, O'Donnell and Wilbur Dunn at end, Homick and LoVeskE at tackles, and Sullivan, Cronln' Smith and Carserino at guards. Just who will seek the center berth is still in the dark.
 Seven-Games Schedule
 Crosby's schedule follows:
 October 9-New Haven Hill
 house (night game)-there.
 October 17-Warren Harding
 tentatively here.
 October 24 orrington-there. october 31 - Bridgeport cen
 tral--here.
 November ' - Hartford Buike-
 ley-there.
 November IA - Naugatuck -
 here.
 November 26 - Wilby - here.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-09-25
Holy Cross Home
 Games Go on Air

Worcester, Sept 25-Captain McEwan thinks his squad is in fine condition for the opening game Saturday with St Bonaventure. The Crusaders trimmed the Bon nies 27-O last year. Holy Cross will put her strongest team on the field. Charles Jarvis of Ansonia, Conn, will play right halfback in place of Leo Griffin, senior. Jar wis bunting has won him the starting position. There will be only two sophomores in the lineup. Jarvis and Jansa. :,
 Holy Cross will broadcast all the home games this year over station WORC. The Holy Cross au- thorities have gone to great ex- pense to put the home games on the air. The announcer the play by play has not as yet been named Several prominent football men in Worcester have been mentioned as possible announcers.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-09-25
AUTO POLO AT
 AVON SUNDAY

Hartford, Sept 25-Another au- tomobile race is to be held at Cherry park, Avon. Sunday after noor. Sponsored by the Yankee Racing association the race will probably be the first of series which the association is contem- plating putting on at the park.
 The association is trying to se- cure two racers who battled neck and neck for 26 laps for first place at Middletown, N. T., only to lock wheels turning a curve and go through a fence. If these two prom inent racers are secured they will settle the argument for the supre- macy Sunday.
 Billy Wing, Kansas City. who carried off honors in the Cherry park championship race will also be participant in the race, de- tending his title. All other racers who took part in the last race at the park will again be on hand
 A short auto-polo exhibition which had all the earmarks Of thriller will be presented as an added attraction.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-09-25
Hills Drill for
 WatertOWn Game

The Walnut Hills went through a hard practice session last night in preparation for their game Sun day with ll-Watertown at Hemin- way Field. Sunday morning at 10 o'clock a signal drill will be held at Fulton Park. The players will meet at the club rooms at noon The Hills have few open dates and teams wishing to meet them will be accommodated by getting in touch with Manager DiLeo.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-09-25

first. Side by side in valor and success were Stubby Rase, Bill Dietrich and Lefty Heffelfinger, all pitching their first f'.ll seasons Tn Class B baseball. Both Rush and Dietrich pitched no-hit games during the season, Rush against Scranton during a crucial series.
 Onslow Came Through
 The Senators advance top-ward began when Eddie Onslow, for merly of the International league. took over the club at the end of the first month, succeeding Joe Cobb, former Baltimore catcher, in the managerial berth.
 It was the third pennant for Harrisburg in the circuit and mtached the record of Williams port. which won the title the first three years of the league, 1922, 1923 and 1924.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-09-25

In the other half of the draw are grouped Robbie Mcdonald and Ossie Gray two more enterprising youngsters whose golf ability is second to none at the Southington mountain course. That the young sters are on their game is evinced by the manner in which they won yesterday from their older and more experienced opponents.
 Dr Brennan Eliminated
 Mcdonald defeated Dr P. J.. Brennan and 3. The latter was conceded a fine chance to reach the finals after the way in which he treated Jack Freney in the opening round. Ossie Gray defeat ed J. J. ,Derwin 4 and 2. Carr gained his bracket by defeating Ed Mcdonald most decisively and 6.
 To-day's pairing brings together Carr and Farley and Mcdonald and Gray.
 Dr ."Jim" Hennessey continued his winning ways in the second sixteen by eliminating Dr Angus White of New Haven 5 and 3. Att torney Patrick J. Healey defeated
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-09-25

Henry Preusser and 4: Frank Cronan beat Harry Walsh and 4; while Ed Fitzgerald beat the Rev Charles Holman by similar score.
 In this flight Dr Hennesey plays Healey to-day, while Cronan IS meeting Fitzgerald.
 Womcn's Finals To-day
 Mrs F. P. McEvoy and Miss Suzanne Leach will fight it out for the women's championship at the Waterbury Country club course to- day. Miss Leach won her way into the finals after beign carried to the 18th green by Mrs F. P Guil- foile. Mrs McEvoy defeated Mrs c. F. Davis to gain her bracket in the finals.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-09-25
Runnors And Reality Bothered From This Sporting World The Grist Of Athletic Contest
Carrying On For Rockne
BY GEORGE DILLON

Out Kansas City there's architect named Maurice Car roll who has been called upon the ball for Knute Rockn though Carroll football aspan Years Rock winning hono Nore Danes grid this shman left his architectural studies the South Bend institute place varsity He got the play bench possible substitute because Knute wouldn't give him
 solely didn't know the Five months great plunged aeropane Now huge field will social athletic for Notre Dame boys being Rockne memory Here's where Car roll called upon carry the ball. The young architect busy bending drafting board designing the Rokne Memorial 0 the call. 4
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-09-25
EAGLES PLAY UNITEDS

The local Eagles soccer team claimants for first place in the Northern Connecticut league, will take the field Sunday afternoon at Hamilton park at 3 o'clock against the Hartford United in a league tilt. A large crowd is expected to witness the game.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-09-25
Tourney Stars Going Up

Four ball players who represented the ehampionhp Cleveland the 14h annual National Baseball Fedons that city will make their debu n professional ranks spring Billy Doyle scout for the Detroit Tigers signed oufde Frank Nemeth and Hank Shambaeh to the Evansville Thee League club while Steve Sundra Bonk will report New Orleans of the Southern League local fans having pitched three the Fisher Foods the 193l tourney The Pittsburgh Pirates taking young Ted Jackson and Bill Gbak an outhed and shoop respectively camp spring Both lads were instrumental Edgewater A. defeating the Brookyns Gelbark his third tourney hit by pitched sustained broken collar bone which kept him the side lines remainder of the
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-09-25

Popular Washington Hill out fielder who will be seen in acc tion for the last time this sea- son tomorrow afternoon at Hamilton Park where the Hills stack up against the Brooklyn Royal ColOred Giants at 3:30 o'clock in a benefit contest for injured City Amateur League players.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-09-25
James Brady to Open
 Webbers Bowling Loop

James Brady. superintendent of the Waterbury American Mills company, will open the Web Shop bowling league season at the Grand Alleys tonight by throwing the first ball down the alleys at 7:30 o'clock. A big crowd is ex- pected to witness the opening games
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-09-25

S c r amble in the New York
 sylvania league, Class B circuit.
 A vet e r a n who admits to 40 and three 6rst-year men or m e d the nucleus of a staff w h ic h lifted the team from a help l e S $ seventh D o S i t i o n at mid season to a place in the front ranks the last month of the season and to the top in the cl o S i n g days.
 Another Jack
 Quinn
 Andy Rush, a rival of Jack Quinn in years on the mound, most of them spent up in New England, led the Sena- t or twirlers over the wire
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-09-25
Crosby Wilby Grid
 Aspirants Now Await
 SchofeId Lee Calls
By GEORGE DILLON

Dr Michael c. Donovan superintendent of schools an- nounced to-day that he had nothing whatsoever to do with the scheduling of football practice for local high school gregations but that Coaches Billy Schoed and Jimmy Lee of Crosby and Wby respectively could call sessions for their candidates any time now they desire.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-09-25
Superinendent Sanctions High School Football Practice
Ed Farley And Bud Carr Opponents To-day
 In Mattatuck Match

On the broad shoulders of Ed Farley old time Connec cut and big league pitching sta falls the burden of stopping the rush of the junior golfers in the annual Mattatuck Coun try club championship today Farley reached the semnas yesterday by and victory Eddie Corrigan To day he meets Bud Carr who raised havoc with
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-09-25
KID JAMES KAYOED

New Britain Sept 25-Chick Chicago, 1S0 pounds of Northamp- ton, knocked out Kid James, 1855 pounds, of Waterbury, in the fea- ture bout of an amateur card here last night.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-09-25

Chasing a rat into a sewer al Scarborough. England, a dog was trapped in a drain, where 1t re- mained two days until rescued by workmen.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-09-25

119; Casey 117.2; Tato 114.2; Hayes 114.1.
 League Records Flight singie-Larson 133. High three-Piedmonte, 36S. High team total-Athletics 1852 High team single--Pirates 5s6.
 SchcduIe--To-night Tigers vs Pirates--1-2. Giants vs Athletics-3-4 Braves vs Yankees--5-6. Red Sox vs Cubs-7-S.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-09-25

Many automobile dealers in Peru reported that because of the new taxes on new machines they are selling twice as many used cars as new ones..
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-09-25
EX-BRASSCO ACE
 AIDS HARRISBURG
 WIN N. Y.-P. TITLE
Andy Rush, Hurler of No= Hit Contest, Topped the Champions Pitch ing Staff

Harrisburg, Pa, Sept 25.-(UP) Steady pitching in the home stretch gave the Harrisburg Sena- tors the pennant in the 1881 title