davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The border vidette., 1931-11-21
NOGALES HISTORICAL BACK
GROUND

NOGALEs' HISTORICAL BACK
GROUND
(From the Arizona Resource
Edition of the Phoenix Republic
Gazette)
Dating back to the Spanish
conquest of Western America.
with some of its ancient walls
having been under two flags be
fore the American banner was
raised above them, Nogales,
county seat of Santa Cruz coun
ty, has a history as colorful as
any community in the nation.
A generation after the landing
of the Pilgrims at Plymouth,
Mass, and while the colonists
from England we're braving the
New England winters, fighting
against starvation and against
the great and warlike Indian
tribes of the East. Nogales was
becoming the center of a rich
mining industry. It's miniDg
properties were being develop
ed, its church missions estab.
lished and the soldiers of the
Spanish crown were exploring
the mountainous Arizona in
search of gold.
Today, as in the early zoos,
Nogaies is the center of mining
operations, but, branching out
also into agricultural fslds and
livestock raising, it has develop
ed int) Arizona's largest customs
port, with imports and exports
from and to Mexico, leading all
all cities along the Arizona Mex
leo border.
Growing from small presidio,
or army post, where soldiers Of
Spain protected the rich gold.
silver and copper mines in the
18th century, and where, for
almost $50 years the flags of
Spain Or Mexico were flown. No
gales today boasts Of being the
seventh city in size in Arizona,
although it was not until 1864.
by the Gadsden purchase. that
the territory was acquired by
the United States.
The elevation Of Nogales is
1000 feet and the annual rainfall
is 15.6 6 inches. The population,
1880 census, is 6,001. while No
gales, Sonora, Mexico, is esti
mated at $4,000, giving the two
cities of Nogales-Mexico and
Arizona com bined population
next to that of the Bisbee Doug
las district.
The twin cities" are divided
only by wire fence which ex
tends through the center of a
wide street, and customs and i'm
migration courtesies leave prac
tically no barrier to "a -hour-a
day traffic through the border
gates.
The average temperature of
Nogales is 81 degrees. The city
streets are paved. Excellent
water and sewer systems are
provided. There is one high
school. four grade schools, six
churches. two hospitals, a pub,
lie library, three banks and
branches of all fraternal aud
civic clubs. Exports, annually
amount to more than $4,000. 900.
aud imports aggregate around
$14, 900, 900.
There are, on q average found
ed on 10 years of study. 318 sun.
shiny days each year, while the
mean temperature for July, has
ed a 20-year average, is only 70
degrees-and July is the hottest
month.
Nogales, Arizona, and Nogales,
Sonora, CO operate ia many un
dertakings and iestas. Beauti.
ful scenic drives and bride paths
are found 90 both sides of the
border.
The border vidette., 1931-11-21
HOLMES SELLS INTEREST IN
KiNO BAY CLUB


terest in the Kino Bay Club to
group of Tucson capitalists who
plan to improve aud beautify the
splendid fishing and bunting re
sort. 1t is said the Kino Bay
Club has a membership of 400
men and women, number of
whom are residents Of Nogales.
The scenic beauty of the noun
tains which form the BACKGROUND
and the waters of the Gulf of
California spreading away in
front of the hotel at Kino Bay,
makes the place a delight to all
who enjoy al artistic setting for
their vacation.
With twelve miles of beach
along which automobiles may be
driven five abreast. comforta
BILE hotel, where social activities
may be planned daily, opportun
ity to do deep sea fishing, another
opportunity for the hunting of
big game in the San Nicholas
tains nearby, or for water
fowl in the waters Of the lagoon
nearby. Kino Bay offers an ioeal
spot to the vacationists in both
summer and winter.
A lagoon twelve miles long
and nine wide lies within one
mile of the Kino Bay club house.
It is populated with every known
variety of ducks throughout the
year and thousands of geese seek
its protecting waters during the
migratory season. making it the
ideal hunting ground for those
who seek to try their skill
against the water fowl.
Four miles to the north of the
clubs hotel in the foothills of
the Johnson range of mountains,
countless numbers of deer Craze.
all of them having to water on
the property of the Kjno Bay
Construction Corporation, there
being no other watering place
within fifty miles Of their range.
In addition to the deer, almost
every known variety of feline
tribe of North America roam
these mountains giving the hunt
or all the thrills of big game
shooting.
Tiburon Island out in the bay,
sixteen miles directly in front of
the clubs hotel, also, affords a
wide variety of deer and other
game and at the same time gives
the hunter the opportunity of
enjoying the thrills of deep sea
fishing while making the boat
trip to and from the island.
Other islands in close proxim
ity, which afford ideal hunting
grounds, are Pelican, Turner
and Lorenzo, all of which are
we'll stocked with life and on
which may be found the sea lion.
This district is entirely free
from such insect pests as flies
and mosquitoes. Despite the mild
climate, neither of these pests
are known to those who dwell in
the district and no more health
full region can be found in the
world.
Kino Bay was first settled by
Father Kino in 1872, when be
landed there with 100 priests for
the purpose of spreading the
Christian religion among the In
dians of the South west. He
moved northwest. establishing
missions and teaching the ma
tives, coming as far north as
Tucson. The bay was named
for him and the improved road
which connects the district with
Hermosillo. now follows route
laid out by him, although new
road suitable for automobile
travel was recently laid out by
the present owners of the Kino
Bay Club.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-10-18
Oath Epidemic In
Louisiana Serious

NEW ORLEANS, Oct. II. Up
The cast OF what Governor and
Senator-Elect Huey p. Long calls
Louisiana's political com-dy" is
growing more extensive and more
confused.
Involved in the turmoil today
were three claimants TO the ob OF
governor, three to that Of lieu
tenant-governor and two to that Of
senator.
The leader in the gubernatorial
instruction, DR.. Paul N. Cyr, was
In New Cvleans today to confer with
his attorhey on the custer suit he
said he would file to get the gov
errors job.
Cyr Starts WrangIe
Early this week, Cyr, VIII was
elected ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS when
Long became governor, voluntarily
took the oath of office OF governor
and demanded that Long turn over
the executive chair to him. He said
Longs election to the United States
senate vacated the governorship.
The governor had 9TH ideas
about the matter and refused. de-
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-10-18
Stock Market Merely Back to Regular Pre-1929 Bulish Channels

Its present reserve from the market.
The combination was expected to
keep 5000 900 bales from the mar
ket this fall.
Meeting Is Set
j. w. Fred HOPES, president or
the Texas Bankers Association, has
called q meeting for Tuesday In
Dallas expected to be attended Ivy
more than 200 bankers from the
223 cotton growing counties OF
Texas Since Texas produces one
third Of the nations cotton crop,
their approval or the program was
regarded as vital to success OF the
plan Adams expressed confidence
they would assent.
The chairmen of the various state
meetings Tuesday were asked 70
wire results OF their meetings 10 H.
T.. ~Creekmore. American cotton o
operative representative at New
Orleans. and he In turn viii report
the result 10 the Federal farm
board. It's definite promise To with
hold 3.500.000 bales OF the reserve
cotton from the market YVES expect
ed 70 be given should tie various
state meetings approve the plan
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-10-18
APPROVAL TO
COTTON CROP
PLAN GIVEN

DALLAS, oct. I7-R-The Fed
eral Farm Board today notified
Nathan Adams, Texas member Of
the National Credit corporation,
that II approved or the plan for
southwide cotton relief drafted Oct.
10 at a meeting in New Orleans OF
bankers, cooperative representatives
and emlsSaries OF the farm board.
Board 10 Support
Adams received a telegram from
James g. Stone. chair an OF the
farm board, advising him the
board voted yesterday TO lend its
support to the plan, which Is con-
tingent on approval by bankers az
statewide meetings called In all
cotton-growing states for next
Tuesday.
Resolutions adopted at the New
Orleans meeting provided that the
bankers guarantee 10 finance hold
ing every fourth bale Of the 1881
cotton crop II the farm board would
pledge to withhold 3.500.0o0 bales OF
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-10-18
MEAN LEVEL
OF l9O5-'24
MAINTAINED

NEW YORK, Oct. I7.-(R-An-
Uses Of stock market fluctuations
extending back for 20 years show
that the violent storms Of the
past two years have merely driven
the market into seas regularly
piled previous to the bullish adj
venture which ended in 1929.
Even ut the low point recorded
o fortnight ago, the average level
Of leading industrial shares was
around the mean level OF the
period from 1905 TO 1924 inclusive.
The long range view OF the stock
market, therefore Is distinctly
less disturbing to the student OF
finance than the foreshortened
outlook OF the recruits who flocked
into the market for the first time
during the boom years.
Rail Shares Low
It Is true that the rail shares
at their lowest, as measured by
price averages kept over a long
period Of years, and adjusted for
changes In capitalization appar-
emily fell to a level unprecedented
since the 1905. On the other
hand. utilities fell back only 70
the levels Of 1927.
Probably the industrials. repre-
senting the largest group and the
medium ground between the older
rail group and the newer utility
group. provide the best medium
measurement over the past quarter
century.. Industrial averages dip
ped to around the bottom level Of
mild business recession, and prices
were not then considered unusual.
ly low.
A chart Of industrial share price
movements for the years 1905-24
showed intermittent swings OF 20
points or more on either side OF
the low level reached early this
month.
~ Academic Question
rIhe war boom In 1915 lifted the
Average about z points above the
peak reached in 1905, and the post
war initiation boom in 1919 carried
1t about Is points above ror q few
months. On the other hand. the
low reached in 1921 was within
10 points Of the bottoms of the
20-year period reached in 1907 and
in 1914. The rebound from the
1921 bottom Furthermore, carried
the average to a peak In 1922 only
approximating that Of 1905. The
average then reacted somewhat
and made no further rapid upward
progress until the 1929 bull
market got under way.
Whether stocks are now too low,
and IL so how much. is an ex-
tremely academic question at this
time.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-10-18
u. S. HONORS
FOREIGN aid
IN REVOLUTION

YORKTOWN, Va, Oct. l7-tR-
Revolutionary Day was celebrated
today at the Yorktown sesquicen-
tennial with distinguished visitors
from abroad the center OF q dawn
to dusk program marked BY more
pomp and pageantry.
French Hero Honored
After the unwilling Of q tablet
to Admiral Comte De Grasse, COM
mander OF the French fleet during
the revolutionary battle here $50
years ago and the dedication OF a
memorial to Nicholas Martiau, orig
inal patentee OF Yorktown battle
field, Gen. John ]. Pershing praised
the fine courage OF the French
armies in the World War and the
genius OF Frances principal guest
here-Marshal Henri Petain.
In an address at the celebrated
stadium. the commander o. the A.
Z. F., said as a combined French
and American victory Yorktown
marked the high point OF a military
association which We werc to re-
new after O lapse Of 1856 years on
the battlefields OF the western front.
Aid is Praised
Although other foreign guests,
including q groul OF direct and
collateral descendants OF Washing
tons comrades at Yorktown, were
not formally welcomed TO the cere-
monies until mid-afternoon, Gen.
Pershing included In his praise all
the military figures from abroad
who helped this nation free itself
from the bonds Of the mother
country.
Dedications and speeches mark
ed the morning exercises today as
yesterday. the opening day. Satur-
dav afternoon saw more addre--es
military drills, a pageant Of the
Yorktown campaign and military
exhibitions.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-10-18
Government Cost
Reductions Urged

WASHINGTON. Oct. II. Up
Pres. Hoover plans to lay before
congress a 1888 budget stripped OF
every cent consonant with the
obligations Of the government"
In an effort TO bring expendi-
lures and revenues into closer
relationship he has demanded tl-at
every principal government officer
revise downward estimates for the
next fiscal year. Meritorious and
unmeritorious projects alike are to
be shelved.
Asks Public Support
He has also asked the aid Of pub
lie opinion in support of drastic
economies"
Standing yesterday before a group
OF newspapermen gathered for his
regular press conference. Mr.. Hoover
said:
In times when the income OF the
people Is reduced and when taxes
or loans may stifle economic reccv-
cry there is only one course Of
sound fiscal policy and that Is to
reduce the expenditures of the gov
eminent to the last cent consonant
with the obligations Of the govern
ment."
Deficit Large
Before him, the president had The
statement OF the treasury showing
a deficit for the first three months
Of the present fiscal year since July
! totaling $500. LOG 900. This is ap-
proximately s485 .000, ZOO more than
for the same period last year, when
the twelve months defic lie
amounted to nearly a billion dol
lars.
Departing from his prepared
statement, the president injected a
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-10-18

Coal is found in almost all parts
OF Colombia. the resources OF its
better known regions being esti-
mated at 27,00o.00Q metric tons
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-10-18

claring. at the same time, that Cyr,
through his action. had vacated the
office OF lieutenant-governor. Al
vim o. King. president pro tempore
of the senate, took the lieutenant
governors oath and Long declared
him on and Cyr OFF the state pay
roll.
All this started an cpl. mic OF
oath taking. Williams T.. Aldrich,
unemployed Shreveport man, took
the governors oath declaring he,
too, was going to try to take over
the job. L. ID. Smith OF Benton,
also unemployed. meanwhile pro-
ceeded TO take the oath Of office
Of lieutenant-governor.
Joseph G. Land, unemployed con-
tractor OF Shreveport, added the
final touch yesterday by taking the
oath OF office or United States
senator and declaring that office,
to which Long recently was elected
is vacant.
Huge electric light bulbs have
been put on a Los Angeles speed
way TO enable auto racing at night
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-10-18
EDINBURC
BRIEFS
Especial to The Herald.)

Especial to The Herald.D
EDINBURG, Oct. 17.-Apportion-
ment OF the city tax rate, set at
s2.50, was made Friday afternoon
by the city commission. $2-25 will
be apportioned to the operating ex-
penses Of the city, while % cents
will 90 into the interest and sink
ing fund. Valuations Of city prop
erty are set at S3,6l2,00O. The
budget calls for S74,l93, and 90 per
cent tax collections would place
$73,l93 in the operating fund, Mayor
d. @. Abney said.
Fifty nine federal prisoners were
taken to Brownsville Saturday for
arraignment before Judge Kennerly.
who set Saturday for trial OF first
illegal entry cases. and pleas OF
guilty IN connection with liquor
violations.
A l2-foot room Is being added as
additional kitchen space at the jail,
according to Jailer Fred Flanders.
The addition is Of brick construc-
ton. In conformity with the rest Of
the building.
A Sentral charity organization will
be planned at q meeting Of repre-
sentatives OF Edinburg cluts at the
chamber Of commerce Thursday, &C
cording 70 Mrs. Vista Hornburg,
secretary.
Leonard Ray OF McAllen was
Hyen judgment c: s2.500 In q land
SUN against the George A. Earn
haFdt Development company Friday.
Word has been received by Coun-
ty Judge z. G. Couch from d. K.
Martin. member or the State High
way commission, that he will be in
the Valley in the next few weeks.
Martin will probably inspect the
two roads considered by the high
way commission for state main
tenance, Couch said.
The Rev. j. b. Holt, former pastor
OF the E~dinburg Baptist church.
win fill the pulpit of the Santa
Rosa Baptist church.
Four seesaws and a slide will be
installed on the South Court House
lawn this week by the chamber OF
commerce. An ocean wave and six
swings were installed the past
week.
Three bloodhounds. which win be
bought jointly by Hidalgo, Cameron
and Willacy counties, viii be under
the are OF Deputy Sheriff Dick
Adams OF Edinburg. Purchase OF
the hounds will be made early In
November, Adams states.
A tourist bureau has been opened
about two miles north OF Edinburg
by the Charles +. c. Laid COM
pany. o. s. v. Ross Is In charge
OF the bureau. which will be open
from 8 q. m. until IL p. m.
A better business campaign will
be planned at a meeting Of the
business council committee OF the
chamber OF commerce Tuesday
night, according TO Mrs. Vista
Hornburg, secretary.
Coal is found in almost all parts
OF Colombia. the resources OF its
better known regions being esti-
mated at 100000 metric tons
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-10-18

DALLAS, Oct. IL. (P-Dallas Of
flcers hoped today to clear up the
$500 robbery Of w. b. Kennemer,
collector for an ice company.
through the arrest in Fort Worth
OF a man who formerly worked as a
policeman both in Dallas and Fort
Worth.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-10-18
Prisoner Shot Down

BESSEMER. Ala, Oct. II. lP-
Thu body Of Chester Lee Bodry, Is,
federal prisoner fatally shot Tues
day while attempting to escape
from a train nea here, was sent to-
day to Houston, Texas, for burial
following receipt OF word that the
youths parents, MI. and Mrs. Wal
ter Bodry. live in that city.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-10-18

A l2-foot room is being added as
additional kitchen space at the jail,
according to Jailer Fred Flanders.
The addition is Of brick construc-
ton. in conformity with the rest Of
the building.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-10-18
CBy Staff Correspondent

SAN BENITO, Oct. 17.-Effo.ts 70
resuscitate Petra Hernandez. Il,
daughter OF Conception. Hernandez.
dairyman. were futile after she had
been pulled out Of an irrigation
canal on the Rice Tract east Of here.
Hearing her screams, r.. M. Clark,
one OF the developers Of the tract,
rushed to the scene and pulled the
body out OF the water.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-10-18
Wreck Is Fatal

SPUR. Oct. IL. Pp-J. ". Dement,,
20. farmer OF Alton, was killed in
stantly and j. L. Hornbecker, travel
ing salesman Of Lubbock was injured
yesterday when an automobile in
which they we're riding collided with
a truck five miles north OF Dickens.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-10-18
Trial Continued

WINFIELD. Kas., Oct. N. LP-The
trial OF Neal Jones or Augusta, Kas.
on a cha &c OF murder in connection
with the death or his brother,
Carl. near Arkansas City, Kas.,
October 20. 1929. was continued In
district court here today.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-10-18

belief that improved conditions we're
in the offing. He said 1t was Diff
ficult to estimate now for expendi-
lures to be made after next July I
when better times could be expected.
The Washington times., 1931-11-05
LAE:FO DON WINS
|NKENTUCKY

LOUISVILLE, KY, Nov. S 1N.sO
Judge Ruby Laffoon is leading
Mayor william B. Harrison of
Louisville, his Republican .oppo-
nent for the governorship by ap-
proximRtely 4O,316 votes.
The Republicans faced the diff
ficult task of off-setting 1866 pre-
cincts and an accumulated ma
jority Of 10000 votes with 1915
Republican precincts in order to
overcome the Democratic candi-
dates lead.
The entire Democratic state
ticket apparently was swept in
with Judge Laffoon.
Harrison was carrying Louis
vile. his home, but not by a ma
jority which compared with Re
publican sweeps in previous years
in Louisville.
The Washington times., 1931-11-05
OFFICER DYING
At TIER CRASH

His ribs crushed and his lungs
punctured, Prince Georges County
Policeman Claude A. Reese lies
at the point of death in the
Providence Hospital after an au-
tomobile accident on the Wash
ington Boulevard at z o'clock this
morning.
According to Policeman viii.
liam E. Clifton, who was with
Reese. they had stopped one car
and Reese had gone back to talk
to the driver when another Ger,
driven by George nj. Weigandt,
5209 Beaufort Ave-, Baltimore,
rounded a curve in their rear
at a high speed. Reese, thinking
Weigandt'S automobile was going
to crash into the car by which
he was standing, leaped for a
bank beside the road.
Instead Of passing to the left
Of the parked car, Weigandt's car
passed on the right, left the
road and ran over Reese, the,
policeman said.
Reese was carried to Providence
Hospital by Policeman Clifton,
while Weigandt went to --Tyatts-
vile and turned himself over to
police there. He is held without
bond for the present.
The Washington times., 1931-11-05
INQUIRY
UNDER WAY

The involuntary bankruptcy
hearing brought by creditors of
the defunct firm of Swartzell,
Rheem & HenSey against Edmund
D. Rheem. member Of the organ
ization, opened in District Su-
preme Court before Justice F. D.
Let's today.
Creditors seek to hold Rheem
responsible for the firms liza
blities, and records were intro
duced in court to show assets and
liabilities by records of banks.
w. J. Waller, of the Federal
American Bank, was the first wit
ness on the stand, and testified as
to notes indorsed by Rheem.
George VaSs. vice president and
cashier Of the Riggs Bank, was
next to testify as to liabilities and
assets of Rheem in his inStitu-
ton.
Testimony concerned notes ex-
ecuted and payments of interest
and principal made at the two
banking houses.
E. Hilton Jackson represents
the creditors who forced the ir-
voluntary bankruptcy hearing,
and Leon Tobriner is attorney for
Rheem.
Rheem is now under a seven
year sentence imposed when he
was convicted of withholding rec
ordS during inveStiga tion Of
SWartZell, Rheem and Hensey.
The Washington times., 1931-11-05
COSMOPOLITAN
CLUB HEARS
BERGMAN
Catholic U. Coach Says Fair
Spirit on Field Is Factor
In Games Popularity

The spirit ~of fair play which
permeates college football is
largely responsible for the success
of the game throughout the coun-
try and it's growing popularity,
Arthur ]. Bergman. director Of
athletics of Catholic University,
observed today at q luncheon
meeting of the Cosmopolitan Club
in the Carlton Hotel.
Bergman discussed the methods
of training and told of many
great football players he had en-
ceaelntefed in his experience as an
athletic director.
Edward Rule, chairman Of the
unemployment committee of the
club and a member of the special
committee Of the civic clubs of
Washington investigating means
of curbing unemployment, re-
ported he had received pledges
from members agreeing to find
two days work for an unemployed
man or woman each week.
Edward Carl, chairman Of the
bowling committee. declared that
the team was still undefeated
and that prospects were good for
an undefeated season.