davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-20
Police and Mob
In La. Man Hunt

MONROE, La. Feb. 19.-Lynch
gangs from the Ouachita sheriff's Of
flee. members of the city police of
Monroe and West Monroe. augment
cd by bourgeois volunteers are
combing the highways for miles
around Monroe in a man-hunt for
Negro who shot and killed a rail-
road dick when the latter tried to
brutalize him. The mob is using
bloodhounds.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-20
VOLUNTEER TO PICKET,

BROOKLYN. N. Y.-The Furniture
Workers Industrial League calls upon
all workers to come and picket at the
Commercial Upholstery Shop, 24o
Newport Avenue at 7:3o a. NJ, Satur-
Gay morning.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-20

We are publishing series of re-
ports by districts to show the COM
parative figures. However, these fig
ures are enough for all the active
workers, particularly those that have
contributed SO little, to make every
effort TO make additional contribu-
tons SO that their quotas can be
reached.
The showing of Detroit, District z,
and Chicago, District 8, are certainly
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-20

Fight for work or wages. Fight for
the right to live. Get new members
for the Trade Union Unity League.
Organize and strengthen the Unem~
plOyed Councils. Fight All Evictionss
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-20
NEW YORK RAISED MORE THAN
TWO THIRDS OF ENTIRE sum

We are publishing the latest fig
ures of income towards the Emer-
gency Fund. The total received, in
Guiding Feb II, is $15,5o438. This
represents only about SO per cent.
The districts contributed as follows:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-20

Thousands of unemployed workers
and their dependents are dying of
starvation. The national government
condemns them to die; it refuses
to pass our JObless Insurance Law.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-20
ARREST 20 FOR
DEPORTATION

NEWARK, N. j., Feb. 19.--Twenty
foreign-born workers were arrested
last night and held for deportation
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-20
NEEDLE TRADES FRACTION
MEETING

There will be a Needle Trades
fraction meeting of all Party and
Y. c. L. members Sunday, at IL
noon. All comrades are instructed
to report at the usual place with
out fail as most important matters
connected with the strike will be
taken up.
DISTRICT COMMITTEE,
Communist Party of U. S.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-20
FIGHT Y0NKERS
POLICE TERROR
Protest Mass Meeting
on Sunday

YONKERS, N. Y, Feb. 1910
protest against the vicious terror of
the Yonkers police against 1000 un-
employed who gathered on Tuesday
at Larkin Plaza a mass protest meet
ing has been called here for Sunday,
Feb. %, at 8 p. M, at 252 Warburton
Ave. The main speakers will be Mil
ton Wich, organizer of the Unem-
ployed Council, and Richard B..
Moore, national Negro organizer.
In leaflet, calling all workers to
come to this meeting. the Interna-
tional Labor Defense declares:
when ON Tuesday over 1000 work.
ers gathered in Larkin Plaza to de-
mand unemployment insurance the
police broke up the gathering. threat
ening them with clubs. They ar
rested and beat up Milton WEIGH,
militant organizer of the Unemployed
Council, who attempted to expose the
politicians starvation scheme. When
a worker, William Walters, an unem-
ployed carpenter, protested against
these vicious actions of the bosses
police, he was slugged and arrested,
thrown into Jail to be further terror
lied by legal persecution.
1.-THE International Labor L.l~.-.e
is defending these cases, as well as
other such cases, all over the United
States. Join the I. L. D. in its fight
to prevent such persecution of work.
ers, both employed and unemployed,
regardless of race, color or creed.
Come to the meeting Sunday,
Feb. %, at p. m"
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-20
WORKERS FIGHT AGAINST HUNGER ON FEB Is! ::== 81:

The Unemployed Councils Are
the Fighting Organizations for
Immediate Relief and Unem-
plOyment Insurance for the
Unemployed Workers. Or
ganize Them Everywhere
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-20

CONTINUED ON PAGE TWO
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1931-05-21

out only two grades, Sluice or hume
lumber, selling at $40 per NJ, and
building lumber selling at $125 per M.
Some n would always come along and
pay for the lumber at the market
price, SO there was no complaint Of the
offhand of purchase. Soon the
partners started a second mill at Vir-
ginia City.
When the spring rains began, the
untanned betting began to stretch. 1t
could no longer be kept on the pulleys
and the mill was shut down. Hav-
ing heard of a man at Bannack who
had 80 feet Of six-inch two-ply belt
ing, Hotter started for Bannack,
eighty miles away, making the trip
mostly on foot. Nothing would induce
the owner to part with his betting.
Hotter offered him all he had, 5000 in
gold dust, worth $1,000 in currency;
the man would not sell. Hotter travelled
back to Virginia City, where he found
the owner Of a piece of canvas willing
to sell it. He had a saddler stitch it
by hand, and 1t made a serviceable
belt.
The miners, glad to get the lumber,
were not SO glad to spare the water
that the mill required. A meeting Of
500 miners resulted in resolutions to
take the water from Ramshorn gulch,
and in short order the miners had the
ditch constructed, taking the water
out above the mill, leaving the creek
dry. But, since they needed more
lumber. they agreed to turn the water
back until the necessary lumber could
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1931-05-21

The snow was getting deep, and
there was no feed for stock, SO or
Dec. 8, Hotter started with the cattle
for Virginia City 10 miles away, in
tending to sell them. Finding no buy
er, he headed toward the ranch of ar
acquaintance, to winter them Is miles
below IN Sinking Water. It was On
this trip that he surrendered his purse
to George Ives and Irving, and turned,
after being told to drive on, just in
time to dodge Ives revolver bullet,
and receive the full force of its mex
ploded powder in his face.
With face bandaged, disflgured by
E%venson's amateur attempts to extract
the powder grains, he worked in snow
and cold after his return to camp,
helping Evenson build a brush road on
a grade around a steep mountain, to
their mill location o. the creek. They
made a hand sled with cross beams ex-
tending outside the runners far enough
SO they could use hand spikes on each
side, when necessary, to nip" it along.
With this hand sled they removed
their outfit to the creek, and did all
their logging during that winter. They
built a cabin and a blacksmith shop,
but when they came to set up their
sawmill they were in difficulties.
Hotter had left the purchase of the
mill to Evenson, who claimed to be a
millwright. But either Evenson had
not understood the working of the
mill, or had inspected it carelessly, for
SO much of the machinery was missing
it seemed impossible to organize a
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1931-05-21

each end of a raWhide strap wrapped
around the shafting, giving alternate
pulls with right and left hand, until
the work was completed.
They worked early and late, under
those most ex~asperating conditions,
short-handed, compelled to make the
simplest articles they might lack,
harassed by thought of the tremendous
waste of time and human energy such
work entailed.
With unbelievable persistence they
manufactured enough material for the
sixteen-foot overshot waterwheel, the
fume, ETC., made betting of Unframed
OK hides, and finally got the mill start
ed. They sawed 5000 feet of lumber
before there was a beast of burden in
the camp.
Before they could get any lumber
out of camp, it was necessary to hire
help, and grade a wagon road on the
mountain side to the top of the divide.
That was no easy matter. But the
road built, the mill running, and a
crew hired, Hotter felt as if his troubles
were over, and left for Nevada City
to open a lumber yard.
He had no selling problem. There
wasn't much sales resistance against
lumber in those days, with all the min
ing companies competing for it. The
companies would send out spies, to
see when a load was coming In. Then
they would post a crew of men at the
yard, and begin to unload the wagon
the minute the teams stopped, without
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1931-05-21
PLENTY WATER ON
WALLER PROJECT
STATE ENGINEER REPORTS THAT
PROJECT WILL RECEIVE AMPLE
SUPPLY AGAIN THIS YEAR

As much water as was delivered
a year ago will be available for farm
ers on the Waller irrigation project
this summer with some surplus for
next fall, State Engineer j. S. James
stated after returning from an in
spection tour TO the Carey Land act
project in POndera county. In case
Of heavy rain the supply will be
substantially increased.
The state engineer said as much
water will be delivered as last year
even if there is a dry season ahead.
In two reservoirs on the Waller project
there are about 1000 acre feet stored.
This will irrigate between $4,000 and
&c, 900 acres. James said the farmers
are planting 1000 acres of sugar beets
in that vicinity, slightly more than last
year, and the remainder in alfalfa
and grains.
Mr.. James attended a conference re-
Gently at Harlowton in regard to pro-
noting the storage Of Musselshell
streams, in five counties of central
Montana.
This meeting was held last week.
George 0. Sanford Of the federal bu-
reau of reclamation at Washington,
D. c., and Congressman Scott Leavitt,
attended the Harlowton conference.
Farmers and business men in the dis
trict from the five counties also at
tended.
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1931-05-21

working piece of machinery out of the
parts on hand. There was no foundry,
no machine shop to turn to. They had
to make a mill, if they got one, out of
what was there.
They whipsawed lumber, and with
this and their rubber "slickers," they
made a blacksmith bellows. They
burned a pit of charcoal, and made an
anvil out of q broad axe driven into a
stump. Hotter began to breathe easier,
but now a worse difficulty presented
itself. They had no gearing for the
log carriage, not even track irons or
pinions, and had to devise some way
of giving the log carriage the neces-
sary forward and backward motion.
The men talked and experimental
days, and dreamed about their prob
lem at night. At last they rugged up
something that worked, a device pat
ented years later and widely used I'M
der the name Of rope feed" They
found 1t worked so well that they used
it thereafter on all their portable mills,
and MI. Hotter was informed that vari-
u manufacturers adopted the device,
recommended 1t, and charged 5000 adj
ditional for such equipment on small
mills.
To make the rope feed" they had to
build q turning lathe, and master the
art of tempering chisels SO they would
stand the cutting of iron, when they
turned iron shafting. The shafting
was made from iron wagon axles, and
TO make it, Evenson would hold the
chisel, while Hotter would take hold OF
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1931-05-21
MILL STONES ARE
HISTORIC RELICS
MONTANA'S FIRST COMMERCIAL
FLOUR MILL WAS BUILT AT
BOHEMIAN &c YEARS AGO

Mill stones brought TO Bozeman Sc
years ago and used in the first flour
ing mill have been moved to an
other historic spot. BealI park,
through efforts of the public rec
reation board of Bozeman and have
been placed on a log base made from
the timber the board saved for this
purpose from the old home of the
late Mr.. and Mrs. j. w. Beall, when
the house was torn down to be re-
placed by a building, the gift of Mrs.
Z. Brook Martin.
The first Touring mill in Bozeman.
said to be the first in the territory to
make flour for commercial purposes,
was built during the fall and winter
of 1864 and the spring of 1865 by
Thomas Cover, P. w. Meadow and w.
B. Meadow, all of whom have died.
The mill stones, one of which weighs
/ 900 pounds. and the other 1865, were
purchased at st. Louis, Mo-, and
shipped to Fort Benton by steamboat.
They were taken overland by wagon
and mule teams by Cover and Nc
Adow, with the assistance of the late
Frank Rich.
The mill, located just east of Boze-
man, made flour for local consumption
and to ship to other parts of Mon
tana for a number Of years but it was
torn down when the north line of the
Milwaukee railroad was built in the
spring of 1912. The mill stones have
since been on the ground near where
the mill stood, on property at one time
the home of w. B. Meadow and fam
lily, purchased a few years ago by Will
liam Nuber, who assisted in moving
the stones to Beall park.
A few years ago attention of the
board of public recreation was called
to the stones and plans were discussed
to have them placed where they would
be kept permanently. 1t was consid-
cred fitting that logs from a house
built in 1869, occupied for "a years by
w. j. Beall, one of the founders of
Bozeman, and his wife, who lived
there for So years, should serve as a
base. A committee from the local
chapter of the Daughters of the Ameri-
can Revolution approved the plan.
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1931-05-21

be sawed. Hotter agreed to this, but
stole a march on them. He got out an
injunction, arranging that it be served
while the water vas running, so that
they were enjoined from turning it
back into their ditch. The miners
thought their organization was so
strong that they could disregard this
injunction. They turned the water
out, placed an armed guard at the
head of the ditch, and left the mill
stranded. Hotter again appealed to the
court. The guard was arrested for
contempt of court, a dozen miners
convicted, and damages to the amount
of several thousand dollars awarded
Hotter and Evenson. Little of this
was paid, but at least there was no
further interference with the mills
water supply.
Hotter undoubtedly furnished the
business brains of the partnership, for
when it was decided that Evenson
should go east and buy a portable
steam sawmill, with planning, shingle
and lath machinery, he apparently
forgot what he "a going for. At
Denver he bought some oxen and
wagons, loaded with flour and nails
and al Anticipated planning mill. He
got as far as Snake river, idaho, on
his return trip, and was showed in,
and forced to leave his outfit with
strangers. He made himself a pair of
skis, headed for Virginia City, and
arrived in Holter's office in a binding
storm, without having seen a human
being between Snake river and Vir-
ginia City.
In the spring of 1865 what was left
OF the outfit, two kegs of nails and &c
sacks Of flour, was shipped by freight
to Virginia City at 80 cents a pound
Hotter sold the nails at $3.50 a keg and
the flour at 500 a sack, all in gold
dust. During Evenson's absence, Mr.
Hotter had heard of a portable boiler
and engine at IN abandoned quartz
mill at Bannack. He found the owner
willing to sell, and paid his ST, 200 If
gold dust for a Laurene Machine com
pany boiler and engine, 10-inch cylin-
ders, l2-inch stroke, for which he wa.
two years later offered S $1,000.
The partners had decided to move
their sawmill to Helena, another I'M
%dertaking involving extreme hardship
This was accomplished, though almos
at the cost of Holter's life. In Helena
there began a cut-throat competition
in the lumber business, that brough'
the price of lumber to $40 per NJ, from
a top of $3.50 per NJ, for whipsawet
lumber, that had prevailed at Pike
Peak (Montana) before the advent O
Holter's Ramshorn mill.
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1931-05-21
: PIONEER NUMBERING UNDER D1FF1CUL TIES; HOW ANTON M.
HOTTER ESTABLISHED FIRST SAW MILL NEAR VIRGINIA. CITY
lM '@3, THEN 0N FIRST FLUSH OF HEAVY GOLD PRODUCTION
(By GRACE STONE COATES)

The late Anton M. Hotter was a
NOrsk-American pioneer Of whom his
fellow cOuntrymen may well be proud.
Even persons familiar with the hardy
characteristics of the Norwegian peO-
pie may wonder whether, in this
generation, many young men could be
found who could equal Hotter in
courage, ingenuity under difficulties,
and sturdy endurance Of almost in
credible hardship. Anton M. Hotter
was born in Norway one hundred
years ago, June 20. He died at Hell
ena July Is, 1921, aged more than
ninety years. His education was ele-
mentary, and he learned the trade
of a carpenter. At %, he came to the
United States, practicing his trade in
DEBORAH, Iowa. When he had &C.
cumulated $4,000 he and his brother
started for Colorado, settling at Ida
no Springs in 1860.
He was in the prime of life, and
here his wide and busy career began.
His primary interest was always lum-
boring, and his enterprises covered not
only Montana, but Oregon, Idaho and
Alaska as we'll; but he entered other
fields, organizing mining plants, pub
lie utility projects and land develop
ment schemes. He entered political
life, and served in the Montana legis-
lature and on the Helena city council.
The following account of his first saw
mill in Montana was given by MI.
Hotter ten years before his death.
About the time Bozeman was wait
ing on the Platte for an ASSEMBLING
wagon train, in the fall of 1863, a COM
pany of 200 men was being organized
in Colorado to go to the Sinking
Water, Idaho, now known as the Ruby
river in Madison county, Montana. The
company was well organized, formally
captained and Differed, and left Colo
RADIO Sept 16. The weather was fine,
hunting and fishing tempting, and
progress SO slow that Hotter and a
partner he had picked up, a Mr.. Even
son, grew uneasy and decided to leave
the train and push ahead. The two
men had a secondhand sawmill out
fit, and a thousand miles to go before
setting 1t up. so n morning IHey
yoked up their oxen and set out alone.
That night a few more teams over
took them, the owners also alive to the
fact that winter was coming on, until
there were about forty men in all, in
the advance party.
Snow storms and bitter weather be-
gan in November, but they finally
reached Bevin's gulch, about ten miles
from Virginia City. Here they made
temporary quarters. The rest of the
train were showed in, and none OF
them, so far as Mr.. Hotter could learn,
ever reached Montana.
Hotter and EvenSOn selected a site
for their sawmill, and with some diff
Guilty reached the top of the divide
between Bevin's and Ramshorn gulches,
Dec. 7, and here went into camp with
one large spruce tree for shelter.
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1931-05-21
JOSEPH BOURKE, ANACONDA
PIONEER, WAS OCTOGENARIAN

Joseph Bourke, o~ctogenarian and res
ident of Montana for the last half
century, died at st. Aims hospital at
Anaconda recently.
Mr.. Bourke was born in Michigan
April %, "a years ago. He came to
Montana so years ago and settled in
the district before Anaconda was
founded.
During his residence in the Ana
conda vicinity he spent many years in
Deer Lodge and in Philipsburg during
the early days. During his later life
he was employed as a Waterman, work
ing at one time at the Goodfriend
Clothing store at night, and prior to
his death as a Waterman at Washoe
park.
He is survived by his widow, Mrs
Zepherina Bourke, Anaconda, and
three nephews and a niece in Oak
Park, Ill.
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1931-05-21
Forest Road Will Enter
Into Idaho Wilderness

Ancient placer diggings on Cedar
creek west of Missoula will be the
scene of activity this spring when a
Forest Service crew starts construction.
of a new motorway into the Idaho
wilderness. A survey crew laid out the
route recently and the construction
crew is now on the job.
Twelve miles will be built this year,
into the head of Long creek on the
Clearwater forest, across the mountain
range from Cedar creek. The con-
struction crew started from the Cedar
creek dredge, a distance of 10 miles
from Superior, and is working into
Idaho. There is still some snow on
the divide, but not sufficient to IN
terfere with the program.
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1931-05-21
Goes to Kansas to Live

George Gray and his mother, Mrs
Alice Cicotte, surviving members OF
the Maude Henderson Stock company,
which has for years made headquarters
at Harlem, have left for Topeka, Kan,
where MI. Gray will join a company
headed by Billy Trout, formerly with
the Harlem company. They were &C.
companied as far as Lincoln, Neb., by
Mrs. Cicotte's sister, Mrs. Alta Reid,
who has been at Harlem since the
death Of Edward Gray a month ago.
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1931-05-21
FLATHEAD SPORTSMEN WILL
REORGANIZE GAME SOCIETY

Former members of the F1athead
County Game Protective association
which disbanded last winter, met re-
Gently with the fish and game COM
mittee of the Kalispen Chamber of
Commerce to formulate plans for a
reorganization. The meeting was
called by the chamber with the idea
of helping the organization get started
again with a view to continuing the
work on rearing ponds and other
activities.
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1931-05-21

Why do not scholars go into politics?
Because the voters would dismiss their
opinions as bunk"
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1931-05-21

just about the time the last theory
explaining the drouth is in, it will start
raining and keep it up.
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1931-05-21

Government losses on rice purchases
in Japan to date are estimated at
SIS, 600, 900.
Plentywood herald. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1908-current, 1931-05-21

The things we do not want always
seem to be those on the bargain coun-
ter.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-02-20

which declined to appoint Lieu- tenant-Commander Sloan Danen- hover of Lyme special naval aide on the governors staff. gave the senate favorable report on Q meas ure to appropriate $100 for pur- chase of a state flag to be carried by Danenhower when he commands the submarine Nautilus on its pro- jected under-ice trip to the North Pole with Sir George Hubert Wii- kins.
 The senate passed a measure au. thorizing the city of MiddletOwn school district to issue $25O,O0O in school bonds. Other. favorable reports by the house incfdded: Authorizing Ansonia to issue $75,000 in permanent bonds; increasing the sal- aries of the New Britain city and police court judges from $3,000 to $4,OO0; creating a fireman's fund at Norwalk; providing for bonding of the borough clerk of Naugatuck for $5,O0O; establishing courts at New Milford. Hamden, East Hartford and Windsor.
 Unfavorable reports accepted by house included: Restoring a prac- ticing iicence to Dr IsadoH Yochel- man, Bridgeport; authorizing the board of control of New Britain to check on the common council, Fi- nance board and school committee and authorizing the children of the late Carl B Lorch to bring action against the estate over land in Kent.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-02-20
|BEAVERBROOK IS
 LOSER IN GREAT
 ELECTION FIGHT
British Publisher Backed Gen Critchley But WOm- an Labor Candidate Was Swept Into Office

London, Feb 20-UP)-Mrs Leah Manning. labor party candidate, won a bitterly. contested parliamentary by-election in the East Islington divi- sion featured by efforts of Lord Beaverbrook. publisher and author of the Empire Free Trade Cam paign, to assure victory for the free trade candidate. Mrs Manning re- ceived 10,591 votes. General A. C. Critchley, Lord Beaverbrook's can didate, was second was 8,314 votes.
 The official conservative party op. posed Lord Beaverbrook's interest in the campaign. which included exten- sive publicity and several speeches. Miss Thelma Cazalet, conservative, received 7,182 votes and Major H. E. Crawford. liberal. boiled 4,450. The result was announced in the house of commons and was received with prolonged cheers from the labor benches mixed with ironic cheers for '"good old Beaverbrook."