Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-08-23

CONTINUED From First Page.)
tention Of the government to meet their
opponents.
Thus it was the revolt of Chang "a
kyei and Hwang Chi-hsiang In 1927
that led to the Communist sack Of Cam
ton: it was the evacuation of Changsha
by the Kwangsi- Ironside troops that
were in revolt against the government
that led to its capture by the COM
muniSts In 1880. Finally, the Feng Yu-
hsiang and Yen Hsi-sharl revolt through
out 1929 and 1890 forced the with
drawa1 Of armies from Kiangsi and
Human which gave the Communists
breathing space for the training Of their
armies and the powerful civilian organ
izatiop in the rear"
Party Split Described.
In the next section Of his report,
Yang deals with the organization and
program Of the Chinese Communist
party, which he treats in comprehensive
detail. He points out that after its ex-
puls1on from the Kuomintang in 1927
the party. following the split In its par
ent organization-the Third Interna-
tionale-also divided into Stain and
Trotzky factions.
1.-THE Stain faction" the report con-
tinues, "obeys implicitly the orders Of
Moscow and has for its program: (D
To establish Soviet power by terrorism
and armed insurrection. CD To destroy
imperialism and capitalism in China
and enlist the alliance of the petit
bourgeoisie. CD To establish the die
tatorship Of the peasant and worker as
the proletariat. The central figures Of
this faction are Chu Tsieu-pei, Chang
Kuo-tao, Chu Teh and Mao Shih-tung,
who are directing the Soviet policies in
KiangSi, Hupeh and Human Provinces.
THE Trotsky faction, which forms
the opposition in the Communist
party, advocated: ID Calling q peoples
convention, thereby ranying the diff
ferent classes of people, with o view to
forming new center of political power;
CD seizing political power by the pro-
letariat, which is TO lead the different
classes of people in their common war
against imperialism: CD establishment
of the complete dictatorship Of the pro-
letariat. The leader Of this faction Is
Chen Tu-Siu, whom the Stain faction
decided as the leader of the 'renuncia-
ton faction for In calling o peoples
convention the principle OF class strug-
gle is at least temporarily sacrifced.
Committee Rule Established.
THE Communist party, under the
Stain faction. divides the territory over
which 1t now operates into different
Soviet areas, each ruled by special
committee.
For the direction Of the special area
committees the following 10 principles
were enunciated: "a Destroy imperial
ism, ca confiscate industries and banks
of foreign capitalists, (3) unity China
by way of recognition Of the principle
Of self-determination of nationalities
Component races OF the Chinese peo-
ple), "a overthrow the national gov
eminent, (5) establish Soviet (the coun-
Gil OF worker. peasant and soldier rule,
wages, end unemployment. enforce So
cial insurance, ETC.; Cd confiscate all
non-peasant land and redistrtbute farm
lands among peasants. CD improve the
living conditions Of the soldiers, find
work and land for the people: (9)
abolish all taxes levied by CEN
trail and local governments and milf
tary authorities and enforce in their
stead graduated single tax on farm
produce and other forms Of income
yielded by land, l10) support of the
Union of the Soviet Russia with the
proletarians of the world.
"Of these 10 principles, the ninth
calling for the abolition Of all taxes
is carried out in so far as the current
taxes levied by the governments are
substituted by their new taxes, such as
the graduated land tax, the local mu-
tual welfare fee, ETC., but the revenue
accruing therefrom Is not suficient to
support the Soviet Committee and the
Red army, 50 the deficit is met by such
emergency measures as fines of the
gentry, squires and rich peasants and
forced contributions in the form OF OBJ
ligatory grain leach household is al
lowed to retain only o fixed amount
of grain after the harvest; the remain
ing amounts should be reported to the
local Soviets. which may at any tTrne
call for thern.)
Agrarian Program Enforced.
Besides the principle governing Soviet
finance, the only principle that Is being
carried out Is that Of agrarian revoiu-
ton. Among its objects are the fol-
lowing:
Reserve certain area in every Prov
ince for The SOVIET council to distribute
amongkEhe soldiers b the peasant and
workefs' army as means Cor their sun
port declare all notes bearing high In
tereSt, pawnshop tickets, EN-, as nun
and void; burn or declare.NoG all title
dee& or leases, abolish all "a levied
by tncal government nE military alth0gip