davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-10-14

5-ROOM modern. furnished apart
ment In duplex. Garage. 1888 West
Levee, phone 8l8J. S23I
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-10-14

AUCTION
Personal

MRS. RUUD, Spiritual Medium,
readings on all subjects. Short time
only. Miller Hotel, Prone col. S2ll
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-10-14
Rentals

FURNISHED APARTMENT. Phone
1857 after 4 O'Clock. Sl99
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-10-14

JUNCO APARTMENrS-neaItiful-
~ furnished. Modern In every
respect; gas. water. lights. frigldaire
Reasonable. Phone 426. 1l49 S. Z.
washington. R-206
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-10-14

FITCH APARTMENTS. new, mod
ern. $4,000 and up. Phone $50. S83
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-10-14

WANTED: Insurance and real
estate solicitor. Apply box 433.
Brownsville. Tli3
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-12-28
Chain Stores

Apparently chain stores do not have the con-
centraed power over food and other essential products
commonly supposed.
The federal trade commission studying these
CARNATIONS orders from the senate, finds that only
per cent of the goods sold by chains is manufactured
by them.
Ninety-two per cent of the chains buy from manu-
factrers and 70 per cent of the aggregate purchases
of all chains come from this source.
In addition, chains buy 79 per cent of their goods
from wholesalers 7S per cent from brokers and COM
mission men, and per cent from growers organiza-
TONS
There has been marked decrease in recent years,
however, in the amount of merchandise bought from
wholesalers and a corresponding increase in the
amount bought direct from manufacturers.
The commission finds that chains show larger gross
profits on sales when buying direct from manufac-
turers This seem to indicate that the tendency will
continue except perhaps in regard to food chains,
where the necessity Of buying perishable supplies
quickly has caused great deal of buying from brok
ers and wholesalers.
There is little in the reports so far submitted on
which to base decision whether the chains are eco
nomically desirable or undesirable.
Indeed striking feature of the record is the
diversity of customs among chains of different kinds.
This makes congratulations unsafe.
One thing is certain-the picture will not be COM
pete until the commission has obtained information
from Armour &c Co.. Swift & Co., Cudahy Packing
Company and Libby Mcneil g. Libby which so far
have refused to furnish information on the volume
of business in specified commodities moving through
chain and independent distributing channels.
There is more and more public realization born
of the depression, that in coping with economic prob
lens the government should have all the facts neces
Sary which to base decisions
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-12-28
Born a Slave

Hidden away in the list Of deaths today you will find
the name of John Crittenden Hambleton.
Beyond the suggestion that there is a linking of
two OF the old names of southland arsocacy the fact
will mean little to you.
The name begins to take on significance when you
know that the man who is now dead born in
human slavery and that the he bore all through
life is that of man who owned him because he had
owned his mother.
When, eighty-four years ago. black mother just
looked into his baby eyes she had no greater hope
than that this babe of hers might have all its life
time kind and generous owner Freedom and liberty
for black babies not then within her imagination.
AS boy he took the of his owner-aristo-
Gratis who had journeyed England. His first
came from family that gave Governors to states.
He was slave, but because he smiling, eff
cent and courteous he was taken into the home and
in later years recalled with pride that he ate the
kind of food given to the sons of his owner.
Freedom came after great conflict and the boy
slave became free man, free to determine his own
course and guide his own destiny.
The soul that was cramped in slavery expanded
under the new glow of liberty. He had the friend
ship of the race by which he once owned. He
had the respect of OF his own race who will
carry him back to the place of his birth to bury
him with honor.
All those changes nave come Within the heCme
of a man. Slavery to freedom, chattel to human
being.
Today mothers white and black, grooming over
cradles may dream of the time when their babes will
always live under kindly Skies will always have good
jobs from those who own jobs instead of men. They
may hope, as that black mother hoped only eighty
years ago of time when there will be safety and
security.
Perhaps if they read the story of this whose
skin black, they will know that times do change
and always for the better.
Today's slavery is beyond our imagination. The
mind Of present generations not understand it,
Poverty may also one day become word mean
ingless
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-12-28
Not a Best Seller

For $l65 you may read practically all President
Hoovers arguments on why Muscle Shoals should be
leased in its entirety to some private corporation
Indeed for your S165 you can get a large-sized
book Of more than 10 pages, bound in red cloth,
and illuminated with gold printing The volume,
finely printed on good paper by the government
printing Office contains splendid examples of the en-
gravers art and maps, graphs and even colored
charts.
Just published, the book is the formal report of
the Hoover Muscle Shoals commission and contains,
among other things figures alleged to show that
government operation of Muscle Shoals-the great
power plant that belongs to the taxpayerswould Gre
ate large deficits.
These computations may appear to come in very
handy for Hoover, and Others who do not want the
government to operate Muscle Shoals But in con-
gress the figures are challenged seriously.
Although congress has acted twice to keep Muscle
Shoals out of the hands of power interests there is
very little about this in the elaborate report on Hoo
vers commission. Hoover himself thwarted congress
when it last acted to keep Muscle Shoals for the
people who paid for it-and you may be sure his
whole veto message, with its inconsistencies that we're
revealed in congress, is printed in full.
Apparently the book has been distributed to mem
bers of congress-whch, at a cost of $165 a volume
would represent an outlay of something over $500.
But despite this free circulation the Hoover volume
is not popular.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-12-28
Woodrow Wilson

Today citizens will gather in many cities to pay
tribute to the memory Of Woodrow Wilson on the an
nyersary Of his birth.
They viii recall the days Of war when he lifted the
torch Of ideasm before the world tragic
men thought in terms of peace good WILL and human
brotherhood.
Orators will tell again the story of his brave
fights against intrenched power and his answering
fidelity to justice for the common man.
The procession of Presidents since his retirement
from the White House has served to throw into
stronger contrast the finer accomplishments of his adj
ministraton and the finer quality of his character
Time also emphasizes the imperative need for
solutions to the problems which he bravely faced
There is still between nations. His dream Of
League Of Nations shattered. What might have
happened in the past decade had this country
answered his call for organized machine for peace
to replace competitive machines for war?
The answer to the encroachment of greed has not
yet been given. But his courageous challenge to the
rights Of money above the rights of rings clear
today and finds eyer-growing echo in the hearts
of men,
History has not yet written it's final estimate of
Woodrow Wilson. But each year takes away little
of the hate which he invited, adds little to the
love which he inspired
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-12-28
LILY HEALTH SERVICE

with fever, prostration, and all of
the other symptoms that usually &C
company infection.
At such times an examination of
the throat will reveal to the trained
observer the redness and swelling
typical of Inflammation. At the
same time if specimens are taken
from the throat, the causative
germs will be found They can be
raised on bacteriologic culture me-
diurns.
This disease usually is spread
from one person to another, except
so far as concerns the epidemic
form. In the epidemic form it
usually is found that the germs are
being transferred through milk,
that the milk comes from certain
diaries, that the dairy is obtaining
the milk from herd in which there
are COWS with infected udders, and
that these COWS are being MIXED by
a mixer With Steptococci of the
same type in his throat.
The disease begins promptly and
usually follows a rapid course. Most
of the epidennics of septic sore
throat have occurred in the spring
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-12-28
In 1914 and 1921
is not popular

Awed was the first long distance message that
clicked over the telegraph wire in 1874 as Dr. Sam
uel F. B. Morse, its inventor, talked in dots and
dashes from Baltimore to Washington forty miles
away.
What hath God wrought" was his pious dis
patch
Bantering was the first long-distance message Just
sent via more awe-inspiring invention, the radio
telephone, Secretary of Interior Wilbur chatted
through $500 miles of wire and ether with Governor
Judd of Hawaii.
Governor Judd: tits balmy weather we're having
down here. The temperature was 81 degrees mini
num- 70 degrees maximum, and it rs yesterday.
HowS the weather in Washngton?"
Secretary Wilbur: Instead of answering that
question, I'll ask you how many times it rained there
yesterday" Informed that there had been no rain,
Wilbur sad well, that was an unusual day."
Then followed more pleasantries about dredging
appropriations for Honolulu harbor.
What whale Of difference just few decades
make!
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-12-28
An Exnert Is Needed

I. NJ. Ornburn of New Haven, the Presidents nomi-
nee as Democratic member of the tariff commission,
appears to be outstanding in three respects.
He is president of the Cigar Makers International
Union.
He is secretary treasurer Of Matthew VOLTS labor
national committee for modification of the volstead
act" organized for 2.75 per cent beer.
He is high tariff man. and as secretary treasurer
of Matthew VOLS American Wage Farmers Protec-
tive Conference" fought for high tariff increases
der the Smoot-Hawley act.
The making of cigars is worthy calling, especially
If they good cigars. But obviously, Hoover does
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-12-28
HEALTH
Milk Spreads Epidemic Sore Throat

Or in the early summer, although
Of course, they may occur at any
time.
Obviously the control of epidemic
septic sore throat involves the trac-
ing of the source of infection and
the elimination of the source.
In general, the only advice that
can be given relative to the avoid
ing of septic sore throat is proper
examination of the throat by a
competent physician who will rec
ommend removal of the tonsils or of
lymphoid masses in case there is
frequent infection.
The routine gargling of antisep-
tics is not apparently particularly
helpful in preventing infection. 1t
may be of aid in eliminating infec-
ton once such a condition exists.
No doubt, if an antiseptic could
be kept constantly on the tonsils,
germs would find it difficult to lodge
there and to remain.
The gargle merely cleans the
throat temporarily, and the person
may take in full dose of live strep-
tococci just as soon as he gets into
contact with other people.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-12-28
New Terms Advanced
mr.. OSBORN continues the lis

IL of the six concepts as follows:
q. fractional rather than en-
te.echistic. This irrational process
is, however, not wholly spontaneous,
independent or emergent except
perhaps in the evolution Of the
mind.
The latent biomechanicaI powers
OF the germ are only evoked in the
process of adaptive reaction either
in the course of individual develop
ment or as a secular or age-Iong
process.
IS. Anti-energistic rather than
syn-energistic. Life tends to bor-
row energy in order to resist energy
this is the distinctive feature of
all living mechanisms-the root of
the idea of the struggle for exist
ence.
"6. Evolution is prot-empiricaI
rather than meta-empirical. MANY
of the biomechanical organs evolve
In the geneplasm before there is anv
actual need for them rather than
after the need for them arises.
This is in opposition to the main
thesis of Lamarck and of Herbert
Spencer. Spencer believed that
mind was built up through expert
ence, but observed facts prove other
wise.
We have found that much larger
intelligence exists among primitive
people than there is any actual need
Tor, intelligence capable of grasping
mathematical concepts among Eski-
mos who had no need even to count
on their fingers"
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-12-28
Beginning of Big Push

A ND I can not deny that an at
L n tack --hich seemed to come
against me on every front threw
me completely off my swagger for a
week or more. In fact, it was nv
intention to be pretty abject when
I began this column.
I had intended to confess that
while Shoot the Works." was on
cared scarcely more than nothing
what went into this column as long
as it filled the space. But even for
that am not going to apologize. 1t
was swell enterprise.
Out through the window now I
can see a couple of tall buildings
shaking themselves loose from the
luz. Although not a skyscraper
myself, don't intend to play the
role OF shack or hovel.
From this time forth, whether IT.
be a week. month or ten wears
I'm going to write to please myself
And II and when I succeed in this
III reach around and pat myself
vigorously on the right shoulder
blade and say: "At a workin' kid
We've done it."
copyright. 1881. BY The Times,
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-12-28
Just Every Day Sense
By MRS. WALTER FERGUSON

Il ME news has filtered out of Cleveland that IS
Il per cent of the wives of that city are unhappy.
And there is great TODD and much jumping to the
conclusion that marriage is lot for and that
the home is regarded a great big Jail.
It's my opinion that most of the statistics we gath
er about women lot of hooey Doubtless this
Cleveland episode viii come in the same category.
If we are going to argue that Investigations prove
wives are unhappy, why not, at the same time, take
statistics about the mental state of the single
woman and find out what she is thinking about life
and her place in it?
The truth is that the present outlook for the spin
ster is not good imagine the business slump will
send many high hat scurrying to matrimonial
cover Being independent during a bear market is
not what it was in bullish days.
VXTOMEN, too, have a special propensity for dis
w content. They forever are looking beyond no.
rizonS in search of rosy skies. And a good many
OF them to their graves without having tasted the
full flavor Of living, because they spend so much time
trying to think up things to be miserable about
Married life may fall far short of feminine mag
ings OF earthly bliss, but it still constitutes the best
bet for a woman 1t is filed with more possibilities
for happiness than any other career, and whenever
men and women realize this and determine to make
the most of these possibilities shall not have to
take so many statistics.
Marriage also is the dream of every girl regard
less of higher education the freedom and whatnot
And there probably never will be any satisfactory sub
Stitute for it with us.
Therefore, We should thank heaven that while it
is no longer compulsory state, Il is yet possible
one.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-12-28
Investors Want Bonds

THERE is widespread opposition
l. to a large federal bond issue
because Of the feeling that this is
no time to borrow, but it should be
apparent that the necessary work
can not be provided without a huge
mobilization of credit from some
where.
Even if private enterprise were in
a mood to do SO, which it is not, who
supposes it could mobilize the requi-
site credit?
We are dealing not only with de-
pressed markets and gloomy pros
poets, but with badly frightened
public.
Smashed stocks, bank failures and
defaulted bonds have resulted in a
general lack of confidence. Inves-
tors from Maine to California would
be only too glad of a chance to put
their money in federal bonds.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-12-28
1T SEEMS TO ME BY HE EES1%

a S I write this, a fog more dis
IN NAL than any I have seen in
years is scrunching down around
the towers of the town, and that
may account for my all-gone feel
ing.
But it could depend on something
deeper. In the summer Of 1908 I
leaped like an antelope toward the
nearest typewriter to set down my
first piece of newspaper copy.
1t consisted of a paragraph con-
corning Francis Wilson as a golfer,
and it appeared next day in the
Morning Telegraph at the head of
a column called Beau Broadway.
Naturally I waited up for the re-
turns, and long before daylight 1
seized six copies fresh from the
presses and bore them home in tri-
umph. Instead of counting sheep I
lay in bed and read the item over
and over again.
1t seemed to me that in the sec
ond paragraph I should have made
the opening sentence just a bit
shorter. Aside from that, the little
masterpiece was perfect.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-12-28

to Me-" if alphabetically inclined
could form a living pyramid to top
the pinnacle of the Empire State
building
1 used to think the view from the
summit was very fine. On a clear
day one could catch a glimpse of
the Manchurian problem and even
see dimly the rugged shores of
Utopia. But by now that view has
grown a little familiar.
L am acquainted with every foot of
the panorama. To be frank, it bores
me, and this I am beginning to find
Is not entirely a minority report.
Into the life of every colunnist
must rain some adverse admonitions
from those in authority and without.
Somehow do not find it altogether
heartening to be told how good the
column used to be. After all, the
stress laid upon the golden age
merely serves to emphasize the de-
cline to brass and tin and sheer
scrap iron.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-12-28
START HALLWAY CONTROL
December %

ON Dec. %, 1917, the United
" States government assumed
control of all railroads in the
country.
Secretary of the Treasury Will
liam G. McAdoo was appointed by
President Wilson as director gen.
eral.
President Wilson declared: This
is a war of resources no less than
men, perhar even more than men,
and it is necessary for the complete
mobilization of our resources that
the transportation systems of the
country should be organized and
controlled under a single authority
and simplifed method of CO.
ordination which have not proved
possible under private management
and control"
Padua, italy, was bombarded from
the air and thirteen persons were
killed and sixty injured.
French troops repulsed a surprise
attack by Germans near Veho on
the western front
British rcpulSed Turkish attacks
north and northwest of Jerusalem,
and advanced two and one-half
miles on ninety-mile front.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-12-28
Governments Job

A S Senator La Toilette points
L n out, the job of providing credit,
putting 100000 people back to
work and restoring confidence is
too big for any agency, except the
federal government.
Furthermore, if something eff
fective along this line is not done,
and that very quickly, conditions
are bound too grow worse, with still
lower prices and wages as the natu-
raj result.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-12-28
HeroiSnn or Tragedy

TT borders on the heroic to sug-
l. gest adding five and one-half
billion dollars to the public debt,
with the government facing a prob
able deficit of four billion next
June, but it borders on the tragic
to think what may happen if some
such method is not adopted
We have looked to the rest of
the world long enough. The theory
of trying to help ourselves by first
helping others has not worked. If
we had spent one-half the money
in rehabilitating the United States
that we have spent in vain efforts
to rehabilitate Europe, we would be
a lot better off.
The fact that we made bad
move in this respect does not mean
that we lack the ability, or cash,
to begin all over again and put our
own house in order.
Let us forget the war debts, for
eign trade and the tariff for a
while and see what we can Go
through a little concentration on
home problems.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-12-28
Six Concerts

DR. OSBORN calls his new con-
- cept one of "creational evolu-
ton" He adds, however, that this
is not return to older views upon
the subject.
1.-THE new concept of evolution"
he says, lis not to be confused for
a moment with the pre-obServa-
tionai entelechy of Aristotle, the
vitalism of Driesch, the evolution
creatice' of Bergson, the emergence
of Lloyd-Morgan, the 'holiSm' of
SHUTS, or any other of the age
long internal perfecting' hypothesis,
which are more or less metaphysical
anticipationS of the order of nature.
ct is, on the contrary, purely in
ductive or post-obServational.
THE new concept is based on
thousands, if not hundreds of thou
sands of observations on inverte-
brate and vertebrate fossils"
DR.. Osborn also calls his new the
DRY 'biomechanical evolution" HN
says it is based upon six concepts,
which he defines as follows:
q. Uniformitarian rather than
cataclysmal. The uniformity of or
ganic evolution proceeds with the
uniformity of the physical and
chemical environment.
20. Centrifugal rather than CEN
tripetal No characters arise ex-
cept from latent potentialities in
the germ.
"3. Creational rather than varia-
tional. Paleontology adds some
thing far more important, namely,
the adaptive origins of new char
acters from the germ for which the
only term in our language at pres
ent is 'creational.'
"Paleontology strengthens the con-
clusions independently reached by
biologists that Darwin, from lack
Of evidence in his time, overstresSed
the principle of variation.
"Paleontology, moreover, demon
strates that variation of kind is tenn
porary and fugitive, although plus
and minus variation of degree is
very important under selection"
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-12-28
Rewards of Honest Toll

A ND before I went to sleep
IA found tape measure and
computed my earnings. 1 was to
be paid by space at the rate of 81
a column, and counting in the last
half inch I figured that my first
days toll in the vineyards of
literature had Melted me 90 cents.
Yet it was not the money so much
which thrilled me as the prestige
and the glory.
More than twenty-three years
have elapsed before the next scene
begins. The hero, or more pre-
cisely the protagonist no longer
moves toward his machine in any
manner resembling the antelope.
More like the plowman's OK he
treads his weary way and curses as
he adjusts the carbon paper.
Naturally he smokes three
cigarets, takes a drink of water, and
sharpens two pencils before he starts
off boldly with 1T Seems to Me-By
Haywood Broun."
That part of the. task is always
easy. Beyond this familiar signpost
lies the fog which by now has
penetrated the room and seeped into
the fiber of the stoutish young man
who gazes bleakly at the keys and
says to himself, What on earth
shall write about for tomorrow"
And since the predicament is
present and photographed,
maintain that I have good reason to
make such an inquiry. The various
columns milled out since that first
paragraph in 1908 have not gone
round the world.
But they could have done so if
laid end to end. Of course, some
slightly reminiscent ones would, in
all fairness, lie parallel to one
another.
n