davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-12-03
YEARS FIRST FREEZE
SENDS MERCURY TO 81

Freezing temperatures made their
Fall debut here last night, when the
mercury slid down to 30-degree min
1mum for the first time since Spring
Increasing cloudiness and higher tenn
peratures are predicted today,
Although the mercury never climbed
above A yesterday, it was expected to-
nights minimum would not be below
40. Rain and continued warm weather
were forecast for tomorrow.
Geld wave, now prevalent in the
Northwest, is expected to move toward
washington over the week end, but Il
has not been definitely determined
when and If 1t will strike the CITY,
The charity missions reported no in
crease In the number of men APPLYING
for lodgings yesterday. More than 500
men slept at the Salvation Army, Cen
trail Union Mission and Gospel Mission
last night, but this was regarded as an
average group. Approximately 200 of
those lodged at the missions work at
the District woodward each day, it was
said.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-12-03
TARIFF WAR GRIPS
WORLD, SAYS BAKER
Nations Trying to Be Self-Suf-
fcient-U. s. Is Peace Leader,
Former War Secretary Believes.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press
CINCINNATI, Ohio, December T.
Setting up of tariff barriers by nations
each trying to be sufficient, has
created a state of economic war, -
Newton d. Baker, Secretary of War
in the Wilson cabinet, said last night.
Baker told the Commonwealth and
Commercial Clubs that since the prin-
ciples of nationalism were set up at the
Versailles conference and the eco
nomic equilibrium of Europe disturbed,
a war of tariffs and commercial COM
petition has been in progress
The latest shot fired in that wal
was the British election which turned
that free trade nation toward pro-
tective tariff" he said.
Without the consent or acquiescenee
of the United States, no world conflict
could be undertaken, he said, and
stated that in his opinion "the policy
of the United States is the greatest
instrument for creating and maintain
ing a peaceful order"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-12-03
MINER WITNESSES
STRANDED AT TRIAL
State Agrees to Care for rs, but
rs More Must Go Home
Without Funds.
By the Associated Press,

By the Associated Press
MT. STERLING, KY, December s.
More than 25 defense witnesses here
for the trial of w. B. Jones, Harlan
county mine union leader charged with
murder, are faced with the prospect of
making their way to their homes, $50
miles away, with no funds TO pay their
transportation.
After more than 100 defense wit
nesses were evicted from their boarding
houses last night because their bills
were unpaid, the commonwealth agreed
to pay the expenses of rs OF them when
the defense staff said they had no
money to support them while here.
After this announcement, the boarding
houses decided TO keep all OF them one
more night.
When IS of them said they had no
suppers last night, James Price, Chi
cago, representing the National Defense
Committee, said his organization would
feed them. The agreement of State S
attorneys to bear expenses OF the rs
was approved by Assistant Attorney
General Sam H Brown.
Judge Henry r. Prewitt said he
would call = conference today to, de-
tsrmine what would be done with the
other witnesses not included in the
group the commonwealth will support
1t Is likely they will have to return to
their homes without testifying.
The cases of ten men, Including
Jones, allchargsd with murder as q
result Of q quadrupls killing at Evarts
i.st May, were tSans1e206 ~ zoe
kxAk4nQ eoknntN - =
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-12-03
ACCORD ON ORIENT
IS BELIEVED NEAR
League Anxious to Get Dis
pute Out of Way Before
Debt Farley Opens.
BY CONSTANTINE BROWN.

Reports received from Paris by the
State Department today indicate that
the Sino- japanese conflict is now in a
fair way of settlement. Whether the
settlement will occur this or early
next week is uncertain. The Council Of
the League Is anxious to have the whole
thing out of the way because the very
important negotiations regarding Ger
many's capacity to pay the Young plan
| annuities will be opened next Tuesday.
Neither France nor the other members
OF the Council want this unsavory ia
penese- Chinese dispute on their hands
when the more important raparatiOns
problems come up.
The settlement of the Manchurian
problem is reported to be all In favor
of Japan. The neutral investigation
committee which will be set up by the
League and Is likely to contain an
American member will eventually reach
Manchuria and start leisurely examin-
ing lost case" Japan now controls
the Provinces Of Heilungkiang and
Kirin. 1t has been prevented by the
determined attitude OF the American
Government to take by force the Lao
ming Province, including its capital,
Chinchow, but military and diplomatic
the three provinces will be swallowed up
by Japan in the course of the next few
months.
The japanese have come to realize it
is not necessary TO use armed forces to
complete the occupation of Manchuria.
They are pressing the point that the
Chinese warlord who controls that
province should withdraw behind the
great Chinese wall into China proper.
AS soon as this has been accomplish
ed, 1t Is reliably reported from Mukden,
the japanese will endeaver to establish
Chinese government of their own TO
control the three provinces. This gov
eminent, composed of Chinese who are
in sympathy with the Japanese policies,
will be given full authority under the
direct control Of the japanese govern
ment. which will at first maintain suf-
| ficient armed forces to maintain In
power their dummies; afterward a Man
churian police force controlled by the
Japanese is likely to be set up, while the
japanese forces will be withdrawn into
the railway zone and into Korea, always
ready to intervene whenever the Chinese
may threaten to get out Of hand.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-12-03
HARKER ARRESTED
ON DRUNK CHARGE
Police Brutality Case Witness De-
MES Wrong-Continuance Of
Hearing Granted.

A hearing on charges Of drunkenness,
disorderly conduct and illegal posses
sion of an indecent photograph was
indefinitely continued in Police Court
today in the case Of James Henry Har-
ker, key witness in the recent grand
jury investigation Of alleged police bru-
tally, who was arrested last night by
a No. 2 precinct patrolman on NJ
street near Ninth street.
Harker according to the arrestins
officer, Pvt. r. E. Williams, gave the
alias Of Joe Hancock" and williams
was unaware of his identity until this
morning. Harker, however, declared to
newspaper men that the circumstances
of his arrest were mighty funny" since
he was neither drunk nor disorderly
and had never seen the photograph al
legged to have been found on his person.
Judge Isaac r. Hit continued the
case for hearing in few days when
Defense Attorney S. McConas Hawken
asked more time to prepare a defense
against the charges. ..
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-12-03
F|CKERT DENIES
MOONEY SUPPORT
Former Prosecutor Says Let
ter to Walker on Pardon "Un-
fortunately" Worded.
BY the Associated Fress.

SAN FRANCISCO, December 3.-En
route to Santa Barbara, where he will
spend several days soaking up sun
SHINE, Mayor James J. Walker of New
York left behind him today contro-
versy which resulted from his plea for
pardon for Tom Mooney, convicted of
bombing the San Francisco Prepared
ness day parade In 1916.
The discussion conferred about the
letter signed by MONEYS prosecutor
former District Attorney Charles M
Fickert. In il Fickert had said that
in my opinion you are probably right
in maintaining that it would be to the
best interest OF the State that executive
clemency be granted to Mooney"
The letter was written In Walkers
suite at local hotel. The MAYOR read
it during his pardon plea before Gov
Rolph, and when it was heralded as an
Endorsement by Fickert OF a pardon for
Mooney, the former district attorney
declared that it could not be construed
TO mean that he personally was seeking
executive clemency for Mooney.
Says Wording "Unfortunate."
In Los Angeles, Fickert issued a state
ment in which he termed the wording
OF the letter unfortunate" and said he
has not changed his opinion that
Mooney Is guilty as convicted. He said
the letter had been written hastily.
The former prosecutor related that
the Walker party sent him a telegram
asking his attitude in the Mooney
clemency question and that he was in
Vited to the Walker suite in a San
Francisco hotel.
There was some kind of q party
going on in the mayors room, but !
was not in there. Senator Hastings of
the mayors party suggested that
write reply there to the telegram and
they wanted to know particularly how I
looked on the case in view of Gov.
Youngs opinion that the Oman testi-
mony was lot of romance. Oman
was the man whose testimony was so
damaging to Mooney
1T was about o'clock at night and
I said that I did not have stenogra-
pher. They said we could get the hotel
stenographer, and SO we did, and I die
tated the letter. Senator Hastings took
the original and gave me the copy.
Hasn't Changed Attitude.
1.-THE next day, when I filed the copy
in my office, friend remarked that the
letter might be misconstrued, and or
ucico tiidt IL VIC kcpt securely IN my
files I later saw, under big, glaring
headlines in the newspapers, that I had
come out for clemency for Mooney, but
I did not mean to do so.
Il did write, as my letter states, In
my opinion you (Walker) are probably
right in maintaining that 1t would be
to the best interests of the State that
executive clemency be granted to
Mooney but I meant that this might
be true If Gov. Young were right.
"Oxman always stuck to his story.
l believed 1t during the trial and after
that. To the day of his death, Oxman
maintained 1t was true. still think So
and l am not changing my position
against clemency for Mooney"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-12-03
HOLDS ANTHRACITE
COSTS MUST Be CUT
Gen. Disque Tells Mining
Congress Change Must
Come to Save Industry.

Necessity for reduction of production
costs in the anthracite industry in
order to remedy the present hard coal
situation Ito the advantage of the pub
lie" was emphasized by Brig. Gen.
Brice P. Disque, executive secretary of
the Anthracite Institute, in an address
before the opening session of the Amer
lean Mining Congress at the MayfIower
Hotel this morning.
We OF the anthracite industry are
awake today to the fact that less salts
factory fuels have displaced several
millions of tons of anthracite because
nome owners cannot pay the price and
pay for cheaper fuels" Gen. Disque
said.
Foresees Automatic Burner.
The speaker anticipated the appear4
ance on the market of an automatic
machine, available to houses of all
sizes and costs, which will convert an
thracite into heat without attention
from the home owner more than once
month.
Gen. Disque ascribed the present un-
profitable status of the coal industry to
reluctance on the part of operators to
recognize the change that has occurred, I"
Today many operating companies pay
taxes in excess of their profits. he
stated, and some pay royalties 10 times
as great as their earnings per ton.
Meanwhile" he added the labor sit
uation Is unfortunate. The average pro-
duction of each unit of labor has fallen
from 2.75 tons per day in 1911 to 2.64 in
1923" simultaneously the miners of
bituminous coal have increased their
daily Production from 4.ol to 5.42 tons.
smoot Gives Talk.
Other speakers at the first meeting
OF the two-and-one halliday conyen-
ton here included Senator Reed Smoot
chairman of the Senate Finance Com
mlttee; Arthur A. Ballantine. Assistant
Secretary OF the Treasury and Repre-
sentative James w. Collier of the House
Committee on Ways and Means, ali of
whom discussed phases of the general
topics Mineral Taxation"
In addition to Gen. Disoue. the rom
ference this morning heard other min
ing leaders discuss aspects of Modern
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-12-03
RESIDENCE VACANCIES
FOUND UNUSUALLY LOW
Commerce Department Data on 81
Cities Show Very Few
Homes Are Empty.

Vacancies in residential buildings in
81 cities of the country are "unexpect-
edly low" according to data compiled
by the division Of buildings and housing
of the Department OF Commerce and
made public today.
Vacancy surveys made within the
past year in these cities show less than
per cent OF single family houses are
vacant in two-thirds Of the cities and
in no city do the figures exceed 9.5
per cent.
Cedar Rapids, Iowa, with IA per cent
shows the lowest proportion of vacan-
cies in single family homes.
Vacancies In apartments were found
in this study TO range from a. per
cent to 202 per cent, and in two-family
dwellings from "a to 20.1 per cent.
The figures show greater demand for
the single family house on the basis
Of the vacancy study.
In none of the 81 cities was the total
vacany figure for all types OF residential
property found to be more than ll.2
per cent. The lowest was per cent.
The tendency OF families to double
| up" in housing provisions, due to cur
tailment of income, should be carefully
| considered in any analysis OF vacancy
| figures, Commerce of1cials point out.
| In st. Louis for instance, 1t Is found
there are more than two and half
times as many extra" families living
in single-family homes as there are
single houses vacant.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-12-03
DOCK STRIKE ENDS

BOSTON. December 3 (P.-A strike
OF 800 Boston longshoremen that has
mterfered with shipping at this port
since October 8 was ended yesterda v
when the steamship operators agreed
to remove non-union colored workers
from the docks.
The settlement was announced after
conference between Joseph p. RYAN
president Of the International Long.
shoremen's Association, and members
OF the Steamship Operators Committee
In a joint statement, Ryan and John
N. Levins, chairman of the Steamship
operators group, said only few details
remained TO be worked out and that a
s a:x tsa odss probably yspla b
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-12-03
BALKS AT TIME LIMIT.
Toxic Flatly Opposes Report to Paris
on Evacuation Progress.
BY B. w. FLRIsHER.
BY Gable to The Star

BY Gable to The Star
TOXIC, Japan, December 3,-Findinp
most unsatisfactory the unheralded pro-
vision in the draft resolution of the
League of Nations Council in Paris to
the effect that the proposed inquiry
commission, II tEe japanese evacuation
Is not progressing when 1t arrives In
Manchuria, shall report the situation
TO the Council with recommendations
government quarters here expressed
themselves as discouraged.
They declare that the League Is
treating Japan like child II it thinks
that she can be taken In by this. There
Is still danger that the whole thing will
come to grief If this is the way the
League Is going TO work"
japanese interpret the provision In
question as a yelled attempt by the
League to fix the date. for the evacu-
alton OF japanese troops to within the
South Manchurian Railway zone, which
fixing Japan insists is impossible, Prob
ably the most sensitive member OF the
family OF nations, Japan, is not &C
cepting their phrasing let alone the
provisions of the Council tending to
censure her Mancnurian actions.
Throughout the Manchurian Incl
dent Japan has barely tolerated the
Leagues intervention, contending that
the affair rests solely as between ia
pan and China. However, she has
been willing to submit to q certain
amount Of what she has considered
inconvenience in order to assist the
League to escape an embarrassing sit
uation, which, Japan holds, 1t should
not have entered in the beginning.
Thus the Leagues every step to con-
ciliate China in this crisis was regarded
throughout the nation handsomely.
The TOXIC government considers that
the Leagues duty should be simply
deletion or modification of objection
able parts of the resolution and of
Chairman Aristide Brands declara-
ton. This done, Japan will gladly &C
cept the measures proposed by the
Council.
copyright, 1917
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-12-03
LEAGUE AWAITS REPLIES.
Japan and China Have Not Reported
Views ON Inquiry Board.

PARIS, December CP.-The League
of Nations Council today awaited notes
from Toxic and Marking in the hope
that these might serve to reduce sew
eral formidable obstacles which are
still obstructing the realization OF a
plan for Manchurian peace.
Replies from both governments as to
whether they will accept the League
resolution providing for commission
of INQUIRY are still unreceived.
In addition DR.. Alfred SEE. Chinese
spokesman, has asked his government
to express its views upon the Japanese
proposal that neutral zone be estab-
iished in South Manchuria and removal
of the Chinese within the great wall.
Observers of neutral governments would
have no part in the settlement, accord
ing to this proposal.
DR.. SEE informed the Council mem
beers that formation of buffer area,
without participation of neutral parties,
would not constitute neutral zone, in
his opinion, but he said he was willing
to lay the proposal before the govern
ment at Marking.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-12-03
SORBER TRIAL NEARS END.

Defense testimony that 14-year-o
Arthur T. Paul, colored, admitted that
injuries said to have been inflicted by
Policeman George Sorber, on trial IN
District Supreme Court, were received
when he slipped and fel, was given this
morning.
All witnesses had been heard at 1850
o'clock this morning. Before the case
was to be submitted to the jury, how
ever, arguments by the Government
and the defense we're to be heard.
Testimony yesterday and today de-
veloped a conflict as to the time Sorber.
is alleged to have beaten Paul in an
alley In rear of the o Street Market,
when he found him leaning into his
automobile. Paul testified yesterday he
was beaten about O'Clock in the aft
ernoon of August l. Sorber and sew
eral other witnesses however, told the
jury the "tussle' happened shortly after
s o'clock on that day.
On the stand this morning Sorber
admitted that he "tussled" with the
boy. When asked If he struck Paul
he said he could not tell definitely, and
that anything might happen in q
tussle."
The policeman said the colored boy
sustained the cut over his right eye
and bruise to his right cheek, for which
he was treated at Freedmen's Hospital,
in his attempt to escape arrest.
Coming out of the market. Sorber
declared, he found Paul leaning into
his car He touched the boy on the
back, he testified, and in Strengthening
up Paul struck hts head against the
primer, probably inflicting the cut at
that time, the witness added. Sorber
~ 11II En.. L,a Al
rest, and that the boy in trying to
make his escape, struck his head
against the wall of the market. Paul
fell to the ground and Sorber stumbled
over him, the policeman stated. Dur
ing the struggle which ensued, he testi-
fed, no more force was used than was
necessary to maintain his arrest.
Blamed Hurts on Fan.
Yesterday Paul had testified that
Sorber knocked him down with his fist
and kicked him about is times while
he was down.
This morning. Bernard M. Hager.
driver for the Receiving Home. FIRST
witness for the defense, testified that
while he was taking Paul from the
second precinct to the Receiving Home,
the boy told him he was hurt when ne
slipped and his head struck a wall.
John Wilson, second precinct patrol
driver, also told the jury that Paul ad-
mitted at Freedmans Hospital that he
received his injuries by falling against
the wall
Testimony yesterday by the boy that
he had, complained to Lieut.. J. w.
Pierson at the second precinct that
Sorber had beaten him, was denied by
Lieut. Pierson today.
The Government was represented by
Assistant United States Attorney John
j. Sirica, and the defense by Attorney
James A. O'Shea.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-12-03
BITUMINOUs MERGERS O. X
Donovan Holds Plan 10 Rehabi,t.t I.
Industry Is LexaI.

NEW YORK, December 3 (P-ro,
william j. Donovan, former Assistant
United States Attorney General TO-DAY
told bituminous coal operators repre-
sentlng the bulk of the industry that
tney could legally go ahead with plan
lor consolidated sales agencies and
dustry VAC Al
Coz. Donovan. retained to render an
opinion on the plan. in view ~ ~
antitrust laws, gave his annrovaI 10
fore committee of more than 5o rem
resenting coal mines in the IN states
east OF the Mississippi. ''N'
Would Unity Sales Agencies.
The plan. details of which were not
disclosed, was expected to be annroved
az todays meeting with but few i'm
portant changes. It was drawn nv a
suocommlttee OF is, appointed as the
result OF previous meeting of the main
committee some weeks ago
Aithougn the details were Guarded
carefully 1t was known the Man laid
the most immediate emphasis On tha
consolidated sales agencies, under wbich
operators In a district would narLat
tneir coal through one agency. There
Woulo pe number OF districts,
Many Plans Offered.
The main committee was convened at
the call OF the National Coal Associa-
ton, and at the meetings several weeks
ago score or more plans for helping
the industry, which has been wrackeS
by oVerproduction and fierce compete
ZION, were discussed. No agreement was
reached however, and the task of sift-
ing the plans was turned over to tha
subcommittee. '-A@
Col. Donovan's opinion was consid-
cred especially significant by the oner-
ators, IN view OF his experience ,yith
antitrust cases during his services as
Assistant Attorney General during the
Coolidge administration.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-12-03
R-1OO SCRAPPING STARTS

CARDINGTON, England, December
8 R.-Sledgehammers banged against
the framework of the big dirtgibls
R-10o today as 20 workmen began to
carry out the governments order
scrapping the ship to save money.
When their work Is a little further
advanced steam roller will run over
the parts of the framework and natten
them out. Eventually, it Is expected,
the scrap iron dealers who have bought
the metal will turn some Of II into
ash trays
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-12-03
B0RR0WS GUN, KILLS
WOMAN, SHOOTS SELF
Man Held Under Guard In Hosni.
tai After Street Shooting In
Kentucky.

BY the Associated Press.
FLEMINGSBURG, KY, December s.
Mrs. Ethel Yates Hunter, IS was shot
and killed on q downtown street here
today by James T. Williamson a
widower about so years old, who then
shot and wounded himself
Williamson had borrowed a shotgun
a short time before from a hardware
store and one load went through the
womsn's body near the heart. She
died half an hour later. He then re-
turned the weapon and went to his
room, where he shot himself through
the mouth with a pistol Physicians
said he had . chance to recover. He
was held under guard In . hospital ct
4 AztnGhno.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-12-03
Argentine Convicts Strike.

CORDOBA, Argentina, December 3
NP1.-Nine hundred convicts in the
penitentiary here have gone on hun
ger strike In protest against the prison
food, the darkness and smallness Of
, Their eslls, and induction Of aQlitAC
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-12-03
SCHACHT is RECOVERING
German Financier, Hurt in Auto
Crash. Rests Easily.

WARREN, Mecklenburg, Germany,
December 8 LP.-Dr. Hjalmar Schacht,
former head Of the Reichbank, who
was injured in an automobile acci-
dent, spent q comfortable night and
should recover soon, his doctors say.
I1.u schsehs arrixd today from
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-12-03
ALFAR0 NAMED ENVOY
Claims Commission Head VIII Rep
resent Panama Here.

Or. Horacio y. Alfaro has been sp-
pointed Panamas Minister to the
united States. Announcement of his
appointment was made today by the
Panama legation.
DR.. Alfaro at present Is presiding
commissioner of the United states
Mexico Claims Commission. n. will
succsed DR.. Harmodio Arias. who re-
cently resigned 70 hacoue 4 osndidste
IN 2feakcert Of Ianan,a{ -