davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Indianapolis times., 1931-12-03
Mavor Walkers Service

To few persons in public life ever has been given
a higher hstrionic sense than to New Yorks mayor.
His capacity for impressing his audiences when he
stands and talks before them is supreme. His Bit
terest critics say that about him. He possesses the
rare quality of sheer drama.
He brought that to bear before Governor Rolph
in California. Because of his peculiar ability to focus
attention on himself he focused attention the
Mooney Billings and in that alone he per-
formed tremendous service in the of justice
for men unjustly imprisoned.
He added high emotional note to a legal issue
which, because it has been drawn out so ing, has
The Indianapolis times., 1931-12-03
Universe Expanding

THESE studies have led to the
l. theory of an expanding uni
verse;" the theory that the universe
is growing in size like a gigantic
soap-bubble.
"At first it looked as though all
the spiral nebulae were running
away from the earth" DR.. De Sitter
told me. CDR. De Sitter is now in
this country, making a tour of
American observatorieS.)
But the same effect would ba
found if measurements were made
from any nebulae in the universe.
Every nebulae is drawing away from
every other because the whole uni
verse is expanding
I'm other words, there is a force
at work in the universe which we
had not suspected hitherto, namely,
the expansive force of space"
The universe is growing at such
rate that it will double its volume
IN 1,4O0,O00,OOO years. DR.. De Sitter
said.
DR.. De Sitter said that at first he
thought the expansion might be GO
ing on also inside of our own galaxy
or Milky Way and inside of the
various nebulae themselves. He says
that he now is convinced that this
is not the case.
"ThiS is because the force of grav-
ity holds sway inside of our own
galaxy or inside of a spiral nebu-
lae," he continued.
"The force of gravity varies as
the square Of the distance while the
expansive force varies as the dis
tance itself. Therefore for short
distances, or what might be thought
OF as comparatively short distances
when the universe as q whole is
considered, the force of gravity is
more powerful"
The Indianapolis times., 1931-12-03
DAILY HEALTH SERVICE

hundred days on scrapings removed
from the toes kept under laboratory
conditions. 1t grows best in the
presence of moisture and at body
temperature.
In their experiment, the Cornell
university investigators took a
white, woolen athletic jersey from
the locker room of the gymnasi-
UNI. The jersey was stained with
perspiration.
1t was cut into pieces of one
square inch and on each square was
placed small piece of the tricho-
phyton culture. 1t was found by
the investigators that the organism
still was alive at the end of two
months.
1t did not grow readily on the
clothing, but it did live and was
capable of developing promptly on
human contact.
The Indianapolis times., 1931-12-03
HEALTH
Ringworm Flourishes in Gym Clothes

Hence those who wish to prevent
the development of ring-worm,
after the condition once has been
cured, must make certain that any
clothing once in contact with the
ringworm shall have been thorough
ly disinfected. This of course can
be accomplished by boiling or by
dry cleaning under proper condi-
tionS.
Arrangements should be made for
the thorough washing and cleans
ing of all athletic clothing worn
around gymnasiums where infesta-
tion is common.
Unfortunately the available in
formation indicates that ringworm
is present in practically every gym
naSium, locker room, athletic club
and swimming pool in the United
States.
The Indianapolis times., 1931-12-03
Laws Unaffected

DR. SITTER does not think that
II the expansion of the universe
has any direct effect upon the oper-
alton OF the known physical laws
which control the behavior of the
stars.
"At least" he says, mo one has
found any connection yet. For ex-
ample, do not think that it af-
fectS in any way the operation of
the second law Of thermodynamics.
This law states that the universe
is running down. More technically,
it states that the energy of the uni
verse tends to change from useful
concentrated forms to useless dissi-
pated forms.
The suggestion has been made
that perhaps our universe expands
for time and then begins to con-
tract again. DR.. De Sitter, how
ever, says that there is as yet no
evidence that this is the case.
I asked him if he thought a con-
traction of the universe would cause
a change in the operation Of the
second law of thermodynamics,
whether it might not wind the
universe up again."
IT don't believe So" he said. "I
see no reason for supposing at this
time that there is any connection
between the two"
DR.. De Sitter declined to COM
ment on the argument which .is
raging between Millikan and Jeans
over the nature Of the cosnic rays.
Millikan claims that the cosmic
rays ate proof that matter is be-
ing brought into existence some
where in the universe. Jean de-
nies this.
"Cosmic rays are out of my field"
DR.. De Sitter said. IT would like
to say, however, that I regard DR..
Millikan as one of the worlds great
est experimental physicists"
The Indianapolis times., 1931-12-03
Questions and
Answers

In which time zone is Salt Lake
City, Utah?. What is the difference
between that and eastern. standard
time?
Salt Lake City, Utah, is in the
mountain standar dtime zone. The
time is two hours earlier than east
ern standard time. When it is noon
eastern standard time it is 10 a. m.
at Salt Lake City.
Why are white elephants lucky?
The belief that a white elephant
is lucky spread from the cult Of
the white elephant, familiar to all
students of religion. In Siam it is
believed that a white elephant con-
tains the sould of a dead person,
perhaps an ancient god. When one
is taken the captor is rewarded and
the animal is baptised, feted and
worshiped. At death it is mourned
like human.
Is it true that there are coal
mines in Pennsylvania that have
been burning for years and can not
be checked?
There is soft coal mine in
Blairsville, Pa, that has been burn
ing unchecked for a number OF
years; there is also one burning
within the city limits of Pittsburgh,
and an anthracite mine in Summit
Hill, Pa, that has been burning
since 1870.
How are peanuts salted in the
shell?
Boil them in salt liquid and allow
them to dry, after which they are
roasted.
Where and when was Gabby
Street, manager of the st. Louis Ma
tional baseball team, born?
At Huntsville, Ala, Sept, 80, 1883.
The Indianapolis times., 1931-12-03
Now, in ItaIv

CFEAKING of Mussolini, a arather
~ harsh sentence has been i'm
posed on Philadelphia anti-Fascist
who annoyed Dino Grandi, Italian
foreign minister, during his recent
visit to that city by leaping on the
running board of his auto and
shouting uncomplimentary remarks.
This anti-Fascist was charged
with ''inciting to riot" and given
two years in jail.
When Grandi heard of the SEN
tence, he wrote Governor Clifford
Pinchot, requesting that the Of
fender be pardoned.
In Italy, the offender probably
would have been given a dose of
castor oil.
The Indianapolis times., 1931-12-03
Bureaucracy Is Peril

MOT only with regard to prohibi-
~ ton, but with regard to many
other things, public opinion has
ben ignored, if not thwarted.
This is part of a growing ten
dency to let the executive branch of
the government run things.
The greatest danger this country
faces is not Bolshevisn, but bureau
cracy.
The Indianapolis times., 1931-12-03
Let'S Talk Up

1T is time that we had a fair ex-
Il preston of opinion regarding
prohibition, not only in congress,
but by the people.
Representative Bertrand H. Smell,
prospective Republican leader of the
house, and Representative Henry
Rainey, prospective Democratic
leader, are to be congratulated for
favoring such an expression in con-
gress.
What's a government like this for,
if silence on any great question can
be compelled by gag rule?
The Indianapolis times., 1931-12-03
BY DIR. MORRIS FIsHBEIN
Editor Journal Of the American Medica
Association and of Hygeia, the

Association and of Hygeia, the
Health Magazine.
a PPARENTLY one of the fac
"A tors in the dissemination of
ringworm infection has been the
fact that the organism grows, or
at least is ahIe to exist, in cloth
ing.
This is particularly the case so
far as concerns moist, athletic
clothing left hanging in gymnasium
lockers.
In order to make certain of this
fact, investigators at Cornell uni
versity carried out some studies with
the organism called trichophyton in
terdigitale, which is the cause of
ringworm of the feet.
1t grows luxuriantly in labora-
tories under suitable conditions, and
has been shown to live for three
The Indianapolis times., 1931-12-03
We Need SteadineSS

WYE are an impulsive people,
w whether in favoring mercy,
or punishment.
That is another symptom which
indicates the approach of dictator
ship.
If democracy demands one thing
more than another, it is calmness,
poise, deliberation.
The one advantage of dictatorship
is it's ability to maintain policies and
carry out plans with consistent
purposefulnesS.
Democracy must show the same
steadiness if it would survive.
The Indianapolis times., 1931-12-03
It Makes Converts

MAYBE, bureaucracy is an in
1V1 escapable by-product of the
machine age, organized industry,
mass production and big business.
Maybe, the trust idea is taking us
back to where George the Third
left off, and that the doctrine of
divine right is finding a new place
to hide in the cash till.
That's the way Mussolini argues,
at any rate, and he has made more
than one convert on this side of the
Atlantic.
The Indianapolis times., 1931-12-03
What Can You EXpeCt2

livery one admits that Colonel
II Woodcock is trying to do a
decent job in enforcing the federal
prohibition laws.
His instructions have. been sane
and his disciplinary measures cal
culated to protect the public.
The scandals which are cropping
up constantly in spite Of all this
show how hopeless the task really is.
The Indianapolis times., 1931-12-03

Ideals and opinions expressed
in this column are those of
one of Americas most inter-
eSting writer's and are pre-
Sented without regard to their
agreement or disagreement
with the editorial attitude Of
this Daper.-The Editor
The Indianapolis times., 1931-12-03
Sentenced Until Graduatio

Il flexibility in the matter of Jail
sentences. 1t profits us nothing to
keep man ten years if he goes out
in precisely the same anti-social
spirit with which he entered the
place of confinement.
Therefore I think that practically
al prisoners should be enrolled in
certain classes. There ought to be
freshman, sophomore, junior and
senior convicts. I even look toward
a gradation of institutions.
That we recognize now in a very
rough form through the creation of
reformatories and penitentiaries.
But it is pretty well established that
our reformatories are for the most
part preparatory schools for the
penitentiary.
would like to see some place
called Half Way House" This
would be an institution reserved for
graduates of the penitentiary who
had clearly shown some aptitude in
learning trade or a profession.
From this place there might be
certain privileges of modified liberty
and other ways of lessening the
tightness of prison rule. 1t would be
step up from the cell block. And
yet, it would also be a testing
ground before freedom.
All this is difficult and mistakes
might readily be made. But I can
not quite see how any error could be
as fragrant as that of sending a
Swearenger out into a world which
is certain, beyond the shadow of a
doubt, to reject him and to send
him back again.
Copyright. 1881 bV The Timesl
The Indianapolis times., 1931-12-03

And it's evident that the depression has even
taught people to weather along without coal.
The Indianapolis times., 1931-12-03

How much coffee is ground and
roasted in the United States an
nualIy?
In 1929, 1,074,697 ,O33 pounds VAL
ued at 1868, ,585,012.
The Indianapolis times., 1931-12-03
But Why Precisely Four7

ATOW, the Baumes law, which is
L Y supposed to be the last word
in cold-blooded logic, says that four
felonies, no matter if they be Slight,
constitute a justification of life i'm
prisonment. But I fail to see the
precise process by which this arbi-
trary figure of four has been
reached.
would myself maintain that
Paul Swearenger after three felon-
les was just about as hopeless case
as now. Why should we press the
indulgence to include fourth Of
fense which might exceed all the
others in it's gravity?
And yet few of us are willing to
say badly that at "a years of age
an individual definitely has identi-
fed himself as so much waste ma
terial.
I do not lean to the religious in
depreciation of penology. I think we
can not throw all the Swearengers
upon the scrapheap unless some
very tangible effort has been made
toward rehabilitation.
Once upon a time heard James
Weldon johnson making a speech
about Negro education in the south.
He was giving statistics to show
that many of the gulf states spend
The Indianapolis times., 1931-12-03
Daily Thought

He shall feed his flock like a
shepherd: He shall gather the
lambs with his arm, and carry
them in his bosom, and shall
gently lead those that are with
yOung.-Isaiah 4O:1I.
Youth is life's beautiful moment
-Lacordaire.
The Indianapolis times., 1931-12-03

The man in the street says the principal difference
between being bailed out and bawled out is friends
The Indianapolis times., 1931-12-03

lar less on each Negro child than
on white boys and girls of the same
age. And Mr.. Johnson went on to
say: But the Southerner also con-
tends that the Negro child is much
more stupid than the white child,
And SO, naturally enough, the COL
ored boy or girl ought to get more
education and have a greater
amount of money spent upon his
schooling"
In the light of this logic, based
on an original hypothesis which I
do not accept, it is reasonable to say
that the state should have educators
IN prisons even more accomplished
than the professors at Yale or Har-
ward,
The Indianapolis times., 1931-12-03

cerned the length of time during
which he might maintain himself
beyond the prison walls. And if
this vacation happened to be ex-
tended, even that would hardly re-
dound to the good of the community,
since maintenance would depend
upon the convict'S shrewdness and
skill in thievery, his only trade.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1931-01-28
MISCREANT SNEAKS INTO DRY PARTY.
 SPIKES PUNCH MADE FOR w. CT. U.

CHICAGg sz Aze sabers of the W. c. T. U. at national head quarters in Evanston and particu- larly in Lake Forest, where the crime was committed, are in a rage over the humiliation they ex- perienced when a wet sneaked into a dry party and spiked the harm less punch.
 This violation of the law tcok place at the Deerpath Inn during ladies' night social given by a club. Many of the women are mem bers of the w. O. T. U. and have records as outstanding fighters against liquors of all descriptions.
 Mrs. William M. Gourlay of Lake Forest, who stumped the state for Lottie Holman O'Neill, the Anti Saloon League candidate for United States Senator, said some laWless person thought he would have some fun" %f
 The punch, which had a tea base, with fruit juices. was mixed harmlessly. Mrs. Gourlay noticed when she handed glass of the mixture that the ladies who had been sampling it appeared gay and happy. Mrs. Gourlay took a gen. erous swallow. Then her eyes flash ed; she shouted You're serving liquor here" This was denied. Mrs. Gourlay walked out with a part of the contents of the glass in her hand. Other members of the w. O. T. U who had absorbed the punch were not certain what it contained. Dr. A. J. Risser was summoned. He was a leader in the party.
 T don't know what is in it." he said.
 Experts from the inn were called, drank the punch and said 1t was 50 per cent alcohol This stuff is strong enough to knock a mule," was the decision. The punch was emptied into the sink.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1931-01-28
SCHEME WOULD UPSET ENTIRE
 WORLD SYSTEM
Secretary Mellon Claim s Disaster Would Fol-
 low Proposed Plan

WASHINGTON, D. C., Jan. 28.- Secretary of Treasury Mellon to- day warned the Senate Finance Committee that cash redemption of soldiers bonus would upset the nations financial structure and greatly disturb the worlds equilib- rum. It would seriously retard business recovery and prolong un- employment"
 Secretary Mellon said the cash payment would total $3,4OO, ,O0O, 900. He said the indirect consequences would be more serious than the trouble and expense the Govern ment would have in floating the bonds to make the payments which he said would have to be sold on terms to justify.
 The Secretary listed indirect con- sequences as lowered price for all United States bonds, destruc- tion of capital values running into hundreds of millions, death on the bond market for other securities, destruction of foreign securities market and eventually deeper de- pression.
 Secretary Mellon said it is a plan for unmitigated imitation which al- ways brings disastrous results.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1931-01-28
INQUIRY BFelNS
 OF FIRING UPON
 RUM CRAFT
Brother of Slain Captain Threatens Vengeance,
 Witness Says

NEW YORK, Jan. 28.-The Board of Inquiry Investigating the firing upon the Canadian rum schooner Josephine K, seizure of her $500, ,0OO cargo and subsequent arrest of the crew, was told by Bennett Walker, cook on the Coast Guard cutter, that Alfred Cluett, cook on the schooner and brother of Capt. William Cluett, killed by one of the shots fired, threatened ven- geance for the killing.
 Walker was the first Coast Guardsman to testify. He said so far as he could tell, there were no firearms aboard the Josephine K.
 Walker added his denial to the reports that Karl Schmidt, Com mander of the cutter 145, which made the capture after the shoot ing, had been drinking.
 Tests of the speed of the Jose phine K will be made in view of the request of the British Consul who asked if she could not have been captured without shooting The Coast Guardsman witness said the schooner was making IA knots while the cutter made only 12 knots.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1931-01-28
SEARCH FOR REN4HAN. PLANE, ? COMPANIONS,
 HAS BEEN ABANDONED

KETChIKnN, Alaska, Jan. 28.- Pilot Anscel Eckmann, of the AL aska- Washington Airways, has de- cided to abandon the search for the plane in which Pilot Robin Renahan, Sam Clerf and Frank Hatcher disappeared last October
 The decision was made after a conference with Canadian police authorities. The Canadian police boat has left for Prince Rupert and the Coast Guard cutter Cygan has also quit he search and will resume regular patrol duties.
 Disappeared in October
 Pilot Renahan disappeared on October 28 He and his two com panions were flying north to join the search for Capt. E. J. A. Burke and his two companions, then missing in the interior of Northern British Columbia.
 The search for Pilot Renahan has been extensive. Naval seaplanes flew north from San Diego and secuted the territory. Pilot Eek mann has made many special flights and fishing craft have combed the beaches.
 Spare Wheels Found
 Two wheels, carried by Pilot Dorohop o1e1 cr,,o11 nortc of tbo plane, have been found, indicating the plane crashed and probably the bodies of the men drifted out to sea.
 Pilot Renahan was well known flier Sam Clerf was well known in the interior and Frank Hatcher was one of the best mechanics of the Alaska Washington Airways.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1931-01-28
ENGLAND CAPES
 AT FORD PLANT > ON THE THAMES
Brain Child of Concrete, Glass and Steel Be-
 ing Constructed

DAGENHAM, England, Jan. 28.- Before wide-eyed congregation of conservative British industry, Hen ry Ford's engineers are rearing here a brain-child of concrete, glass and steel in huge automobile factory.
 In this structure, which takes advantage of every stray beam of English sunlight, workmen will have mo more privacy than gold fish" as they assemble 1000 auto mobiles daily when the production peak is reached.
 Built on what was formerly a spoil bank" on the Thames, the factory also serves to reclaim a large section of waste land.
 Takes All Advantages
 Even as the Chicago packers are heralded as using all the hog save the squeal, so will the new factory take advantage of the sur lOullQlllSS.
 According to officials it is plan ned to salvage considerable quanti- ties of the old waste, extracting by a magnetic conveyor every sizable particle of iron or steel scrap.
 This would be used as part of the Aux for the giant foundries, while the residue offal, dried, would be fed into fires which generate steam for the manufacture of electricity. - Produce This Year A.
 The electrical equipage of this new factory will have a capaciy equal to requirements of city of 250,000. Production is forecast for the fall of this year.
 Driving approximately 13,500 piles 50, 60, 70 and even 80 feet into the ground, no two areas of the 500 marshy acres reclaimed present. ed the same problem to engineers.
 In some cases bedrock in small quantities was reached within 20 feet of the surface. In other places some of the longer piles were still floating after their tops had been shot below the ground
The Daily Alaska empire., 1931-01-28
PLANS BOOSTING.
 OF DEVELOP PMENT FOR NORTHLAND
New Chairman of House
 Territories Commit so Ese Active

F. t "a Il 3I. M
 WASHINGTON D. O., Jan. a. Legislation to speed Alaska's in- dustrial development and consid- eration of granting Statehood to Hawaii is contemplated by Repre- sentative Ernest w. Gibson, of Vermont.
 The new Chairman of the House Territories Committee promised an extensive inquiry into Alaska's problems soon after this Congress adjourns.
 Chairman Gibson said bill to make Hawaii the forty-ninth State will be introduced at the next ses- sion of Congress.
 Alaska is a great undeveloped empire. Industries have not been developed and the population has not increased in the last few years. I will seek to provide legislation to encourage settlement and devel- opment in accord with our develop ment of the Territories of the West" said Chairman Gibson.
 The Representative further said: T will attempt to coordinate and simplify supervision and if it is possible, all administrative func- tions will be centralized under a single agency"
 Whatever aids legislation can supply to Alaska's fisheries, can- ing industries. mining, numbering, reindeer, marble and gold produc- tion, Representative Gibson would supply.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1931-01-28
CHILE STARTS NEW
 COMMERCE POLICY
 IN FRENCH TREATY

SANTIAGO, Chile, Jan. 28-Ne- gotiation of reciprocal commer- cial treaty with France, soon to be consummated, is the first major step in the foreign trade policy of the government of President Carlos Ibanez
 Consideration is being given to the possibility of similar contracts with other European countries. An attempt to get such a pact with the United States came to an indefi- nite halt about year and a half ago.
 The French treaty is a shc-t-
The Daily Alaska empire., 1931-01-28
VOLCANOES TO WESTWARD ARE
 QUITE ACTIVE
Shishaldin Is Hurling Out Sheets of Flame
 and Smoke

SEWARD, Alaska, Jan 28.-The Aleutian volcanoes are showing greater activity than last year ac- cording to the report brought here by Capt. C. E. Anderson of the mail steamer Starr
 Mount Shishaldin is hurling sheets of flame and dense smoke at intervals of every five minutes.
 Mount Cleveland, heretofore un- known as a crater island of four mountains, Is smoking furnace.
 Mount Geske and Mount Martin have subsided.
 Mount Kukak has apparently died down for the time being.
 Father Bernard R. Hubbard, of Santa Clara University, predicted Increased activity of all volcanoes.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1931-01-28
American Budmen Are to Map Peru's
 Lost Cities by Air

LIMA, Peru, 5an 25.-Permission for an American aerial photograph ic expedition to make a camera survey of lost cities of Peru has been given by the national govern ment.
 Among conditions laid down were that an observer of the Peruvian air corps go along in that role, that all developing and printing be done within the country, and that two copies of each picture be re- tained in the files of the ministry of marine and aviation
 Five young adventurers from the United States joined for the proj- ect, headed by George R. Johnson, who served two years as a lieuten- ant in the Peruvian naval air serv- ice, and Robert Shippee of New York.