davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-07-12

Europe because 1t would occupy IS days q his
time and who prefers to arrange his own az
fairs Dy cable which is costler in the long run
and much less certain will be much more IN
clined to make the journey when he sees that
an airship will take him to Europe and back
in week.
In regard to terminal points. think Of
Friedrichshafen in Germany and either Chesa-
peake Bay or along the Delaware Bay or River
where airdrome is to be laid out in the
United States. In the course of my last stay
in France. however I negotiated with the
French authorities about an airport in France.
Apart from technical considerations, this would
have considerable advantages from the material
point of view. In the traffic between AmericA
and Europe at least two-thirdS of the French
passengers pass through French ports on tho
way to the old continent. 1t would be great
mistake to ignore this fact and also the need
for an airport for mails from France.
The Zeppelin would, of course, remain at the
French port only about half hour just
enough time to embark passengers and mails.
We hesitate between two ports in France:
one near Paris at Orly which already has
suitable modern aeyodrome, another near
Tours, where everything would have to be done
from the beginning. Tours. of course, is much
farther from the capital than Orly, but has
better atmospheric conditions, which II very
important from our point of view.
A PART from regular traffic over the Atlantic,
have been giving great deal of thought
to plans for contemplated voyage over the
North Pole this Summer. This is an idea of the
late Dr. Nansen and the object of the journey
would be to carry out a scientific expedition to
the UNEMPLOYED regions of Francis Joseph Land.
We reckon that the flight would take from five
to six days. We could make for Francis Jo-
seph Land via Leningrad. The flight over the
Arctic would take from SO to go hours, which
would be sufficient for useful scientific observa-
tions. The proposed flight does not frighten
me at all. The tragic fate Of the Mobile expe>
dition was, according to my belief after discus
sions with Capt. Noble and others, due to faulty
navigation I already have been in the Arctic
with the Graf and know what the ship WIN do
under Arctic weather conditions.
Copyright 1881 j
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-07-12

structural changes. as the extra weight Of 20
or 80 passengers would make little difference
to the 40 tons Of lightweight carried by the
airship. The greatest chance We have OF max
ing a profit is by the conveyance of mails.
Reckoning l mark per letter, this works out
at 80 900 marks a ton and we shall be able to
take 10 or is tons of mails and even more, at
lower rate.
have no fear of not obtaining enough pas
sengers. At the present time the total of first
class passengers travelling between Europe and
America is 10000 annually Out Of this num-
Der may fairly suppose that some thousands
would prefer the Zeppelin because it would
take them across the Atlantic in one-haf or
one-third Of the time required by the fastest
sea liner AS at first there would be only one
Zeppelin on the service, making one return
journey q week. this means, at the rate of SO
trips year, $500 passengers per year per Yep
pelin, which is not a high figure for our eSti-
mates, especially when it IS remembered that
every new form Of locomotion invariably at
tracts new clientele.
The American business man who at present
cannot make up his mind to take journey to
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-07-12

tually ad libitum and that there will be no
trouble about obtaining what is needed for our
airship service.
Moreover, this service will not be an exclu-
sively German, but a German American enter
prise, as two of the four Zeppelins will be built
in Germany and two in the United States The
cost Of construction in Germany will be about
$4,000 900; In America it will probably be more,
though cannot say the exact amount. We
adopted this course so as to show the inter-
national character OF the enterprise even more
clearly than before.
IN MY opinion, the accident to the R-101 does
! not in any way prove that airships are un-
safe. Examination has shown that the root
cause of the disaster was too great loss of
gas following the leaking. I attribute this to
the fact that the English adopted an innova-
ton intended to do away with the loss Of gas
to which airships Of the Zeppelin system are
theoretically liable.
This innovation not success, and ex-
perience has shown us that this loss of gas,
which Is very small has no practical impor-
lance, inaSmuch as 1t did not cause us any
trouble in the course of our 159 trips. We,
therefore, prefer to adhere to the old system,
with this difference: That we replace hydro
gen by heliunl which does away with all danger
of fire.
This change raises another set of questions.
To fill an airship only once with helium will
cost at least 100000 We must. therefore, try
to operate more economically than with hydro
gen. which is much cheaper. 1t has sometimes
happened, while maneuvering the airship that
several thousand cubic meters Of gas have es-
capped. This did not make much difference to
a total volume of 10000 meters, but it was,
nevertheless, enough to make us fill up again
before starting. We shall have to be more
economical with helium and adopt different
system of maneuvering.
According to my calculations, the cost of each
voyage including the installations on the
American side, amortization of plant, ETC., will
work out at about 100000 marks.
\A/E intend to fix the passenger fare at $500,
w which is not a great deal in comparison
with the rates charged by the big liners. At
the moderate estimate Of so passengers per
trip we shall almost be able to cover expenses.
Later on we shall be able to carry larger
number Of passengers without making any great
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-07-12


it has covered 225,ooO kilometers. 1t has flown
over eight oceans braved all kinds of winds and
storms and overcome the most unfavorabe at
moSpheric conditions.
I think these results should be sufficient to
convince those who had any doubts as to the
safety of the Zeppelin as means OF transport
that it was sure not to be toy OF the elements
and was suitable to regular traffic. This is why
we have started to build at FriedrlchSha1en an
other airship, larger than the Graz Zeppelin.
It will be the first of the airships which, be-
ginning in 1888, WILL We hope, carry on
regular service between Europe and America.
When the Graf Zeppelin was built the linn
tied size of our workshops obliged us to make
the airship smaller than we could have wished,
but we nevertheless succeeded in proving what
we set out to prove.
As FAR back as the first trip to America I
n had many practical indications OF the
great interest taken by Americans in our air.
ship syndicate formed consisting OF
eminent financiers and bankers, VINO, after
having seen that it was quite practicable TO run
an airship service between Europe and the New
World, appointed a committee to go INTO de-
tails
According to present arrangements it is in
tended to nave four of the latest type Of Yep
pelin Each will have a capacity OF 100000
cubic meters, with length of 240 meters and
a breadth of 40 meters against 30A meters in
develop 1000 horsepower against 2,400).
The traffic speed (and not the top speed,
which is the most important point, will be 100
kilometers an hour, against the present speed
of 100 kilometerS. This difference Of 10 kilo-
meters an hour will be very useful, especially
in the case of contrary winds. With wind
blowing against us at the rate of SO meters, the
speed of the new airShip will be 80 kilometers
instead of 70, as at present-an appreciate
advantage.
The principal change on which we decided
after the disaster to the R-1O1 was to fill the
new airship with helium instead of hydrogen.
This change will delay the building to the ex-
tent of about year, as the Zeppelin now on
the stocks should have been ready at the end
Of the present year, but under present circum-
stances it cannot be finished until the end OF
1882. This is due to the extensive nature OF
technical alterations in the gas-filling arrange
nnents and other parts of the airship.
AS far our negotiations have gone at pres
ent, we have no reason to think that any diff
Guilty will be placed in the way of our obtaining
q sufficient quantity of helilm. The assertions
that the United States Government will pro-
hibit the export of this gas are an echo of
the wartime situation, when 1t was thought
that the quantity of helium in the United States
was limited and would have to be kept for the
Army and Navy, but 1t has since been learned
that the supply of helium can be increased vir-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-07-12
u - ~ -
wService to Be in
Operation Withln
HeNextIz zoo Years.
Another Flight to
the North Pole Is
Contemplated.
BY DIR. HUGO ECKENER.
RERI,IN.

INCE it's memorable trips to America
and around the world, the Graf Zeppe-
lin airship has not been idle. 1t has
already carried out-including its last
journey to Egypt-159 flights of va
rious lengths. in the course Of which
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1931-06-19
Quotations

Limitation Of ornaments has not
yet gone go far as to include mer-
chant vessels, but it is evident that
merchant fleets are indispensable
auxiliaries to war fleets.-Captaip
George w. Steele Jr., naval officer.
+ \ \
A semitic study of the 18th
amendment by some Of the best
minds Of the country reveals the fact
that It does not curtail nor destroy
ordered freedom.-Dr. Walter Dexter.
\ X \
Prohibition has established the
speakeasy as q national institution.
Mrs. Cortlandt Nicoll. +.
+
The west is too materialistic, sell
fish and narrowly nationalistic.-Ma-
hatma Gandhi. /:
y y \
We should have allowed the war
initiation to be squeezed out 10 years
ago.-Melvin Traylor.
\
II this period Of convalescence
through which we have been passing
must be spoken Of as a period of de-
preston. 1t Is far and away the finest
depression that we have ever had
Henry Ford.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1931-06-19
Mental Attitude Important

Along about this time Of the year the doctors are kept
busy advising people how to protect themselves against
the heat which presses in on every side.
The general rules for care of the physical body are
simple. They follow the dictates Of common sense ana
are not difficult for normal persons to follow. In nrle1'
+hey are to keep the body scrupulously clean; TO wear
loose clothing which is light in weight and color; De
careful not to overeat or to drink too mucn; ABSTAIN
from foods and drinks which produce heat and don't
worry about the weather.
With the exception Of the instructions about clotn-
ing. these rules are sound for all seasons OF the year ana
are conducive to good health at all times. Except 1or
those who love the pleasures Of the festive BOARD tney
are easier to observe than to ignore.
The instruction "don't worry about the weather" how
ever, comes in another category, for few persons can
control their mental impulses. To many heat or colo
becomes an insufferable burden. The more they think
about their discomfort the more uncomfortable they
become and the spectacle Of a %perspiring person who has
lost all good nature as the result Of suffering from the
heat is not uncommon. This may be the source of that
ancient expression "crazy with the heat which has been
elbowed aside in recent years by more modern slang.
Opposed to these We find persons who seem ~unru.fled'
no matter what the weather. Come heat or cold they
seem not to care. They never worry or fret and almost
never are heard to condemn the weather.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1931-06-19
Against Tradition

Dr.. James H. Hutton, retiring president Of the Chicago
Medical Society, takes a stand against tradition when he
advises members OF that organization that they should
open their minds about advertising.
He contends that advertising in. its proper forms has
proved itself to be one of the greatest weapons for devel-
opment Of progress in modern times and that the medical
profession should take advantage of its uses. He feels that
such action would benefit organized medicine.
The objection which the medical fraternity has had to
advertising has been based largely on the idea that a
mans work should speak for itself and that no one should
so far cast aside the dictates of modesty as to blow his
own horn in public. The result has been an attempt on
the part of reputable practitioners to avoid the appear
ance of pushing themselves forward. This is fair enough
as long as only the strictly reputable members of the
profession are concerned.
But what of the interest of the prospective patient?
If he reads in newspaper or handful that DR.. So-ard-so
promises a quick and sure cure Of a given disease, he is
liable to be deceived into believing what he reads. Some
times this does no harm. At others it may cause disaster
to the patient who is so inveigled into placing himself in
unskiled hands. Newspapers have counteracted this ten
dency by refusing irresponsible advertising, but their
battle against q~uackery has been carried on almost single
handed.
Viewed from this standpoint, the medical profession has
not done its full duty when it has failed to advise the pub
lie of facts upon which it may base sound judgment. DR..
Hutton takes the stand, one would infer, that a part of
the physicians duties are to advise the sick and those
needing treatment in order that they may obtain the
best service possible and stay out of the clutches Of the
quacks.
1t is improbable that he meant any given physician or
group should advertise his or their personal capabilities,
but that all reputable practitioners should advertise as
a whole in order that the prospective patient may be
soundly advised.
Seen from this angle, the present-day citizen might
regard advertising by physicians as almost a duty. AS
ii is, he feels that the prohibition against advertising by
doctors is an outworn tradition
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1931-06-19
Here's Looking at You

The dry law enforcing agencies of the country plan
the biggest drive against major bootleggers in the history
OF American prohibition, to begin July Is, and the great
majority of citizens, regardless of their views on prchi-
bition, will wish them success.
The plan is to concentrate their efforts on the large
scale commercial %violators, leaving the smaller fry to
local and state enforcement officers. Director Woodcock
is after men like Capone in Chicago and his counterparts
in a score of other American cities. Just because Chicago
has had the majority of killings End has received the
most advertising, it must not be assumed that all other
cities Of the country are as dry as the law ~contemplates
they should be.
If Mr.. Woodcock and his ncwly-trained men succeed in
drying up the sources of commercial liquor they will have
done much to make prohibition enforcement successful.
And since nothing succeeds like success in America, even
the bootleggers' patrons will join in saying here's looking
at YOU" if they succeed.
"A political leader is a forward looking individual. who
gets ahead of the crowd after he finds out which way 1t
is going.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1931-06-19
Set Enrolment Mark
At Dickinson College

Dickinson, N. D., June 49, With
registration topping the 600 mark, the
first term Of summer school at the
Dickinson State Teachers college got
under way Tuesday with the largest
enrolment in the history Of the insti"
tuition, DR.. G. L. Kjerstad, presldent.
announced. Never before has the
school had as many as 500 at its first
summer term and the 600 marx sets
an all-time record.
Three new instructors have been
added to the summer faculty and
there will be q number Of additions to
the senior college courses In educa-
ton. DR.. Kjerstad said. There IS also
to be an additional pre-school or
kinderparten class this summer under
the supervision of Miss Jennie Kit
tleson at the Central building.
Registration at the school began
Monday morning.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1931-06-19
Sir Hubert's Plight
Devils Lake .JOurnal

OeVuS Lake JOurnaD
The conviction grows that Sir Hubert wilkins pro-
lected trip to the North Pole in the submarine Nautilus
Is more or less ~foo!hardy, especially in view of the ex-
peflence which the Nautilus is now going through cross
ing the Atlantic, towed by the ~battleship Wyoming
Inc Nautilus, a discarded naval submarine, became
disabled on its trip to England, and it was fortunate
tnat the nattleship was along the sea lane to rescue it.
we might wonder what would happen if such thing
happened in the icy Arctic sea, with no ship nearby to
rescue it.
Of course, 1t is Sir Huberts own business if he wants
10 take a chance in the Arctic with such a craft. We
might predict that the disabling of the craft on the
Atlantic might induce the intrepid explorer to abandon
MS proposed polar trip. Such a course would eliminate
considerable suspense among the newspaper readers OF
the country.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1931-06-19
Old Custom UnrecOgnized

V00USVI1e 1U1ESg
The girl who tainted in the Grand Central Terminal
and was laid out in a morgue before she came to" made
the mistake Of following a Victorian custom in the
Georgian period.
1t was quite the thing when your grandmother was
young for young ladies to faint, when surprised, dis
pleased, grieved or shocked.
Nothing was more dramatic, or popular, than fainting,
especially when it was done by a beauty.
Everyone rushed forward to aid the damseI.
A few strong-armed, strong voiced men urged the
crowd to stand back" showed its front row back and
shouted: Give her air, boys! Give her air!">
But those were days when nobody had quite imagined
knee skirts; days when athletics, tobacco. profanity
ringside seats at boxing matches, voting, running for Of
flee. sharing graft with the gang, ~practicing law and
medicine, embezzlement, public speaking, passing reso.
lutions, highway robbery were in mans sphere.
Then a wonans place was in somebody's home.
Nobody expects women to faint nowadays.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1931-06-19
A Powerful Midget

When the German battleship Deutschland slid down
the ways at Kiel May 10. it inauguratcd a new era IN
the history of ironclads which is quite certain to be fol-
lowed by a race among the leading powers to match
the revolutionary construction designs of the Teutonlc
engineers.
The Deutschland is Of only 10000 tons dEplacenehl'
but is equal in armament, speed and cruising radius to
any 5000 ton ~battleship aflcat. Naval experts are agreed
that the new ship is the most ingenious flghtliAg craft
ever launched and that its appearance, like that OF the
Merrimac and Monitor in the American Civil war, MARKS
a new era in naval construction.
The Germans declare that other nations are perfectly
free to build such ships-if they are able. 1t was the
other powers, they point out. which set the nmt 10 tHe
tonnage and armament of the fighting ships they might
huild. This and other ships that have been Launched,
or are now under construction by the Germans, conform
strictly with the treaties. The fact that GermafyS he"
navy promises TO be twice as powerful, ton lcr 'on' do
any other navy now in existence, only serves to Illustrate
the old truth that while the size and weight OF arma-
ments may be arbitrarily limited. it is Impossible TO SET
2 limit to the native genius OF a people.
Three German cruisers, each limited to 5000 tons by
the treaty Of Versailles, have already been launched,
These ships have been declard by a British nava! officer
to represent amazing achievements in the Improvement
of design. The armament OF each CONSISTS OF nine Blk
inch Krupp quick firing guns OF the hlghest VELOCITY
mounted in three triple turrets. With all three IurfeIo
in action, each ship would be firing y shells a minute
each weighing lU0 pOuuQS, u hASAA' W.
ton which only the most heavily armored ships and fortl-
fications could withstand. Each of the diminutlve crul-
sers is also fitted with anti-aircraft guns and torpedo
tubes.
The most revolutionary advancement. however. Is IN
the cruising radius Of these ships. Using steam only
each cruiser can go $500 miles at Is knots on the 1ue'
in it's bunkers. or $4,000 miles by using the Diesel engines
alone, without refueling. mo other "arshlp a1'oa''
SAWS an English expert, has a cruising endurance tnat
even approaches this amazing figure" Other mystery
ships have been designed by the Germans, one OF winch
is a 2oo.ton torpedo boat Of unusual speed and power.
The launching of the Deutschland comes at a moS'
unfortunate moment for the success OF naval dlsarma-
rent. and the race for building better fighting ships may
now be resumed at increased cost. The excitable French
have declared their purpose to lay down battle cruisers
Of % 900 tons in reply. at a cost Of s~25,ooOOoo each. lVay
is preparing to build similar ships under the same treaty
rights.
The threat Of this naval stampede may reduce the
rava, limitations pact to a mere scrap Of paper. Brit
tania. still mistress Of the sea, Is watching events Will
an anxious eye. while Uncle Sam, thousands OF mneS
removed from the European powder magazine" appears
to be only mildly interested.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1931-06-19
The First Farm Depression

Agricultural depression is not a new phenomenon. The
Severest in recent centuries have followed great wars.
Currency initiation almost always accompanies war. The
contraction that follows causes distress among producers
OF raw materials. The contraction Of the present period
Is more drastic than any other on record with a single
exception.
The story Of the first and worst in history is presented
in sacred writings. In it seven lean and ill-favored kline
ate up the seven fat kline which had preceded them, as
had been predicted by the second ruler in the kingdom.
Then, as now. the granaries were OVERLOOKING. But
Joseph, we are told, gathered up all the money IN
Egypt" Then, "the money failing" he took all the cattle
and other livestock, and later foreclosed on all the real
estate. The farmers, with the exception OF those in the
land Of Goshen, were reduced to share -renters-on lib
eral terms, 1t should be said.
The close Of that incident was that there rose up a new
king over Egypt. which knew not Joseph. Plaques Wis
tied the land in the contest which followed. A disease
Of livestock was among them-possibly a deficiency dis
ease. In another the firstborn Of no Egyptian family
was spared. 4
Students of economies and sociology may learn by re-
ferring to the book Of Genesis with its story OF the cause
and consequences Of the first agricultural depression
In it may be found suggestions Of value even to financiers
and politicians.