The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-06-16

rrIiy series of three articles, of when inc
-h,,,s is the first, was written before the Fecen'
-,ti-cIericsJ outbreaks and fresh upsurge oi INC
.o,,ol,tionarv movement in Spain Inc Seoon"
.r+icIe will appear tomorrow-Edftof'
RvN MAJoRsKY moscow.
a,,..-. demands of us the most exact
- objective study Of the class relationships
I'D of the concrete peculiar1ties OF each us
toricsl movement."-Lenin.
,,,1yuPETN lies the political meaning ana Ohe
lr,r,o~+ar,ce Of the replacement Of the mon
srchy of Alfonso Kill by Vlle
roert of Alcala Zamora?
~. ooti-ronulsr anti-revolutionary, bourgeois
-,a.oo+or of fine new government is more IMAM
ob,io,s It chivalrously saved the king anu '-iI
o~istocrscv from the anger OF the people, anu
5.c1ared beforehand that sit is no crime W NC q
v,,o,ercrist" This government declares Cila' ~
will protect property in general and 4anoeo plop
= ~ ,,sr+icu1ar In a number OF towns IL
has nroclaimed a state of seige and caused mass
MEETINGS to be dispersed by rifle fire
The picture is clear r,i,,u
At bottom the passing OF power run rs
Alfonso and his Prime Minister Admiral A1iiai'
a. +be provisional government consisting OF pour
SOSAeSN0'
lev adontion of the ruling classes IN SPAN 10
+be necessities of defending their rule against
49, do,oer of the workers and peasants 1eVo-
,,+;or THE illusion of democracy is to serve
- hide from the mass of the people the 1acV
frat the new government is a bourgeois govern
roer+. or more correctly said, DICTATORSHIP u
the bourgeoisie and of the landowners AllI0
side of the question is of paramount hnpoI CaH0e'
one must expose the counter-revoluVonaIy hel-
itape which Zamora took over from AAonSo'
in order to offer resistance to the eXlstlng 'ei-
dencv to regard the provisional government III
s,nain as q revolutionary, or at any IaUe do
progressive bourgeois government which Caiiie
10 ROVER as a result Of the fight against
sa,,doiisr, From this fundamentally false es-
innate of the present stage of the Spanish reVo-
l,,+ion there follow quite naturally false prac-
trial conclusions of Menshevist character wr1ch
dom, the proIetariat to inactivity to the role OF
"evtreroe opposition" Such conclusions ana
their theoretical presumptions, must be resoiuteiy
conbated as the chief danger at the present
moment.
There exists however, also another danger
namely. the danger of simplifying OF viewing
from only one side, of conceahng the contra
cic+orv compleXity of events. 1t would be wrong
IN arrive at this standpoint by pointing to the
counter-revolutionary heritage which Aamofa
has taken over from Azlar. In this case the
question would naturally arise where tneA, Is
the revolution Has it begun? Has II tri-
umphed?
.oThe passing of the State power from the
hands of one class into the hands of anotner
is the chief and fundamental sign OF reVoiu-
ticn. both in the strictly scientific and in the
practicaI-poIitical sense of the word"-tLenin
Does the change of government in Spain NEAR
80 o1ac 0r
a change of cabinet within one and the same
class?
The monarchy of Alfonso XIII represented TIT
nouer of the bloc Of the landowners with TIT
bourgeoisie The republic Of Alcala zamori
represents the power of the bloc of the bour
geoisie with the landowners
In this way it was no pure transference o
mower from one class to another. But within tn
frame of the bloc Of the bourgeoise and OF tn
landowners there has taken place shlftln
of the leading role from one class to another an
a change OF the form OF the class rule ina
is a fact which is of great historical import
ance for Spain. 1t is Of great Importance to
the DEVELOPMENT of the real peoples revolutio
of the workers and peasants.
The Spanish bourgeoisie has come into poWe
thanks only to the revolutionary mass move
ment which was directed against the monarch,
It is a tendencious appraisal Of the situation
declare. as do the newspapers that Alfonso
resignation was voluntary act" in connectio
with the victory achieved by the bourgeois re
uublicans at the municipal elections. In tf
whole of the year 1880 and in the first month
of 1881 a strong strike movement had develops
in Spain, and was accompanied by various arme
collisions between the workers and the polio
Such collisions occurred also in the village
where here and there peasants councils we
formed In the big towns of Spain, such
Barcelona Madrid, Bilboa and Seville, there TOT
place in this period demonstrations OF worker
students and broad masses of the petty-bou