davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-09-17

Miss Carolyn Livingston Alexander.
daughter of Mrs. James Alexander of
Chevy Chase, Md, will sail today from
Baltimore for Europe to remain for
year or more. On her arrival in France
She will go direct to the Chateau de
Dion, in Charente, to visit Conte and
Contesse de Pianelli.
After visiting several of the neighbor-
ing countries Miss Alexander will be the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-09-17
Gerard, is arriving today in New York
from Europe on the Paris.
The Misses Wetmore Further
Restoration of Historic House.

Gerard, Is arriving To-Day IN new YORK
from Europe on the Paris.
The Misses Wetmore Further
Restoration of Historic House.
Miss Edith Wetmore, Miss Maude
Wetmore and Mr.. Myron C. Taylor have
established a fund for the restoration
of Old Colony House at Newport, r. L.,
and the work. under the direction OF
Mr. Frederic Rhinelander King, who
has donated his services as architect,
will begin shortly. The Misses Wetmore,
who have a large circle of friends In
washington, are daughters of the late
former Senator George Peabody Wet
more, who was at one tine Governor OF
Rhode Island Mr.. Taylor is a descendent
of william Coddington, one OF the set
tiers of Newport in 1889, who later was
Governor of the Colony, his Inaugural
ton taking place in Colony House. Mr..
and Mrs. Taylor have occupied Oak
wood, the Minot villa at Newport, this
Summer
The Colony House was built in 1899
and was used for the inaugural cere-
monies of Governors until 1900. Public
receptions were held in the old building
by President washington. President
Adams, President Jackson and President
Grant, and the Declaration of indie
pendence was read from its balcony.
The former United States Ambassador
to Italy, Mr.. Richard Washburn Child,
entertained at dinner last evening at
his villa at Newport.
The counselor of the German en-
bassy ana Frau Leitner have had as
their guest for several days, Mrs. Peter
A. Drury, who has joined Mr. Drury on
their farm near Alexandria. The coun-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-09-17

Miss Carrie Doyle, who has been a
guest at the Willard the past week.
has returned to the Mayhower Hotel.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-09-17

The former United States Ambassador
to Italy, Mr.. Richard Washburn Child
entertained at dinner last evening al
his villa at Newport.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-09-17

The Assistant Attorney General, Mr..
Seth Whitley Richardson. is spending
some time at White Sulphur Springs
He PLAYED golf yesterday with Mr.. w
S. Battle, jr.: DR.. Cory Hogg and Mr..
]. L. Bumgardner
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-09-17

Mrs. william r. Castle. IT,, wife of
the Undersecretary of State, enter
tanned at tea yesterday afternoon at
Hot Springs on the Casino lawn during
the concert hour.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-09-17

Brig. Gen. and Mrs Hugh Matthews
have gone to White Sulphur Springs, w.
Va, to spend the week end.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-09-17

The former United States Ambas-
sador to Germany, Mr.. James w
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-09-17

The charge d'affaires Of Poland. M.
wladyslaw Sokolowski, viii entertain at
dinner tonight in honor of Gen. Gustav
Orlicz-Dreszer, inspector general of the
Polish cavalry. who is the guest of the
charge d'aftaires and Mime. Sokolowski
for few days.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-09-17

Maj. Gen. and Mrs. George S. 81
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-09-17

Mrs. Stimson. wife of the Secretary
of State, left Washington this after
noon for her Summer home. Higheld, at
West Hills, Long Island, to remain a
week or 10 days.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-09-17

Mr.. Warren d. Robbins chief of the
division Of protocols for the State De-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-09-17

The chancellor of the Polish embassy
and Nine. Poradzewska we're hosts at
tea yesterday afternoon, entertaining in
compliment to Gen Orlicz-Dreszer and
Col Ryszanek. who are spending few
DAYS in Washington.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-09-17

Representative Norton E. Lichtenwal-
ner of Pennsylvania was recent guest
at the Shoreham Hotel, and he and his
family viii make their home there dur
ing the coming session of Congress.
They have spent most OF the Summer
at their home in Allentown, Pa.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-09-17

The Minister of Nicaragua and
Sonora de Sacasa and their family have
gone to Atlantic City. where they will
remain over the week end.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-09-17

The Venezuelan Minister to Rome
and Sonora dc Grisanti and their FAM
lily who have been at the Italian Lido,
are now at Milan visiting Mr.. and Mrs.
william Congright, the latter formerly
Senorita Grisanti daughter Of the
Minister and Sonora de Grisanti. Senior
Grisanti was formerly Minister to the
United States,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-08-16
Who 'SWho in Crime
Continued from Second Page

prints left at the scene Of . crime. on ta0sA
the door OF o SAFE window. In the old days
this as largely guesswork. Detectives wOui0
search q wall under the beam Of . dashlight a.
maanifying glass; wherever ting thought prtno
might be found Then they would cover this
area with q special powder, either black a.
white and remove IL carefully with o fin0
brush. II print lay there preserved By tins
oily seepage from the fingers. the powder
brought it into relief. The print would then
be photographed the nlm carried back 10 the
station house and developed, and the impress
sion classified.
In recent years there has been invented
machine which not only consolidates most Of
these operations. but considerably lessons the
probability that the rowing eye might miss Q
blower, which distributes special aluminium
powder over an entire ROOM furniture and all
in q very short period. BY turning q handle Q
stream Of cold air replaces the powder, This
force is so tempered that it viii dissipate all
the powder except that clinging to the latent
impression, which then Is easy to locate.
With the aid of magnifying lens and high
powered lights attached TO the machine. the
detective not only can study the print on the
wall. and photograph it. but also classify 10
with the naked eye, and by telephoning this
classification TO headquarters launch the finger
print bureau In search Of corresponding records
even before the investigators have left the scene
Of the crime. One az thee mncEAIneB IS now
standard equipment b every police atakion In
Nsw york Citg. a1ld they have bern used with
considerable eject
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-08-16

lakes and streams are cooler for somewhat the
same reason-veg etation-combined with the
fact that water and land absorb heat at diff
ferent rates and thus breezes are set up both
day and night. Air in motion. unless it Is
intensely hot, humid air. has q soothing. cooling
effect And too one cannot overlook the virtue
Of swim a hot afternoon, dip which
takes the heat sufferer down into the GOODNESS
Of the suhsurface waters
II it were not for this peculiar effect of
humidity on temperature and particularly on
human comfort there would be little reason
for vacationists going from low to high alti-
tudes for q thorough cooling OF. II comfort
depended only on temperature one would need
only 60 northward from the Equator to find
relief from the intensities Of Summer. Yet
instead Of this and because Of the effect Of
humidity one can go southwark from the humid
valley Of the upper Mississippi or the Great
Lakes region to the highlands Of Colorado New
Mexico or Northern Arizona and find Summer
comfort. For in those highlands there Is dry
air. and that air Is usually in motion-there Is
q breeze. The result is that while the tempera-
ture itself may be higher the bodyfs perspiration
evaporates more readily and the body itself is
actually cooler.
Actually, however the worlds hottest places
are neither at the centers Of extreme humidity
nor the Equator. Death Valley, Calf. has
established the record high temperature as far
as United States Government records are able
W A9CCASahA 4AG OAuCtaA bnCAAAAunlGSGA ~
Furnace Greek Ranch. Death Valley. showed
1877 degrees Fahrenheit in its shaded house and
1e0 In the sun one Summer day. No other spot
On earth. equatorial regions included, ever got
50 hot. The next heat record known was
established at the Italian settlement Of Azixia.
about rs miles south Of the City Of Tripoh. in
Northern Africa. A thermometer there regis
tered 1855 degrees Fahrenheit on September Is.
1872
Yet It is safe to say that no greater physical
discomfort was experienced at either place on
the occasions of this extreme heat than Is
annually felt when the jungles OF the tropics
begin to steam beneath a Midsummer sun and
at recorded temperatures of from IS TO 20 de-
grees lower actual temperature It is, after all,
largely matter of humidity.
CTUDY of this humidity has revealed many
- things to those gentlemen in the service Of
the United States Weather Bureau. and it has
also brought into being some OF the most
startling innovations in industrial science
Among these latter are the cooling systems now
in use in hundreds of large theaters and office
buildings throughout the country. BY study of
the effect of temperature and humidity on
human beings, engineers have provided ap-
paratus which dries and moiStens the air cooIs
or warns It as the season dictates even washes
it free Of dust and other injurious impurities
and then feeds 1t into the building and keeps
II agitated The result is an artfHeiaI atmos-
phere where one forgets that it Is disasreeably
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-08-16

theory that variations In the intensity OF tn
suns rays govern the changes In the weather.
And he went on to say that by observation OF
the suns cycles it might be possible In the near
future to predict weather conditions year OF
more in advance.
The evidence ON which DR. Abbot draws hin
conclusions was largely made up Of daily OBJ
servations of solar radiation, made at tia
astrophysical observatory OF the Smithsonian
Institution at Montezuma, Chile. over q period
of nearly seven years. BY plotting the trend
Of these observations against the temperatures
and barometric pressures recorded in Washing
ton on the same dates he has found q definite
relation of one to the other.
The gist OF his conclusions Is that rises In
solar radiation are followed by decreases In
temperature and barometric pressure on the
earth To check his deductions he also COM
pared the solar radiation figures with tempera-
lures and barometric preSsures at other points
in the United States.
This, however, was only half the discovery.
Relation Of solar radiation to weather was OF
slight value unless solar radiation was pre-
dictable Further checking of the radiation
figures revealed q cyclic tendency and Dr..
Abbot at last found that similar solar condi-
tions required periodically at intervals OF 8. lie
as As and So months. That worked out, DR..
Abbot then ventured to predict the solar radt-
alton for 1891 and 1882 as an experiment. And
the weather which should have followed his
months Of this year was remarkably neax 70
what he forecast.
OTHER scientists, however. look even beyond
~ the sun for their source Of weather. Hal
bert r. Gfllett, former professor at Columbia
University, recently presented at the meeting OF
the American Association for the Advancement
OF Science at Pasadena his theory that the
planets are responsible for rainfall on the earth.
When they turn their gatling guns on sun and
earth, he said-meantng when they turn their
axes of magnetic fields On sun and earth
down comes the rain. And to back his theory
he delved into statistics on the rotation OF the
planets magnetic fields and statistics on the
earths rainfall for hundreds OF years back
These statistics, he declared, show . close CO.
Incidence, and he, too. worked out cycle Of
rainfall and the planets movements, which may
in time become an instrument for the weather
fOrecasters.
And that seems to be that. Taken by and
large, August always Is hot and January always
cold But even IN tho midst Of Augusts heat
well TITS not the heat; it's the humidity"
(copyright. ie31l
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-08-16

HE man whose vacation Is all over
with who has returned to the heat
of the city steps into his ONCE. mopS
his perspiring brow with an already
moist handkerchief, signs as he sits
down at his desk and wonders just
how long this August heat wave will continue.
A secretary, who leaves on vacation next week,
senses his discomfort smiles, ventures the COM
ment that it is hot. but that the temperature
this morning Is only 81. and concludes that,
after all, Its not the heat it's the humidity"
The man whose newly acquired coat OF sun
burn is still peeling in q few spots Is out Of
sorts. His collar Is w1lted, his shirt MOSTLY
cltnging to his back. He retorts with none too
good grace that down at the cottage on the lake
it was just humid-the barometer said So
and yet fellow could get cooled or and keep
cool.
Thus an exasperating day starts, and all
because both of them were right-with reserva-
tons The secretary was right in repeating the
conventional wisecrack: Its not the heat: it's
the humidity" For the humidity Is what makes
Summertime heat so oppressive in the cities,
even at compar atively low temperatures And
yet In the midst of considerable humidity 1t
is stu possible to keep relatively cool out in
the open. especially out where there Is water
for bathing or where there Is considerable
growth Of trees
OF course the disgrlntled business man who
said that the barometer indicated q humidity
down at the cottage" equal to that in the city
probably was wrong. Barometric pressure Is no
true index of humidity, and he like 50 many
Others probably had the mistaken idea that
humid air is heavier than dry air, thereby
creating greater barometric pressure than does
dry air The fact Is that humid air Is some
what lighter than dry air. and bArometFic pres
indicates primarily whether the direction
Of air movement at the scene OF the barometer
is upward or downward. . matter having only
slight relation to the humidity.
| lot, humid air is oppressive, but not be-
] ] cause it is particularly heavy. 1t Is op-
pressive because humid air all about q person
does not allow ones body to cool OF by the
natural process of perspiration. Precipitation is
cooling TO the human body because 1t evapo-
rates and the process OF evaporation transfers
q certain amount Of heat from the skin OF
the body to the air With humid air-that is.
air already carrying . high percentage OF
Neutrality-suspicious. is much slower There
fore. q humid Summer day Is sticky" day
perspiration instead of evaporating and cooling
the body. Saturates the clothes and leaves the
body still uncomfortably warm.
Out in the open, however, other factors enter
the situation. Trees grass. all kinds Of vege-
tation absorb moisture from the air Humidity
tends to diminish In the vicinity Of trees, and
with the loss of its moisture the sir Is sAinhtly
cooled. 1fle result . more cornfort fos BOSE
who can escape from ne treeleas city streets to
ehe wooded countEyyide. The seash0Fe and taas
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-08-16

Similar systems are IN use In big auditoriums
and convention halls. even In churches and in
schools, and the newer ONCE buildings have
their own artificial atmosphere apparatus. In
the commercial field similar study and invention
have solved myriads Of problems. The time
was. and not 30 long ago. when certain types OF
weaving mills could not operate satisfactorily
except in climates where there was q constantly
humid atmosphere. In dry air there was the
problem Of lint. which hoated about the mills
and lowered the quality Of the finished cloth.
Science tackled the problem. created an arti-
ficially humid atmosphere within the mill and,
equipped with proper humidtflers those mills
can now operate wherever adequate labor at
profitable prices is available, turning out
product equal In every way to that produced In
. naturally humid climate. The same has been
true Of tobacco factories and Of dozen other
important industries, and the same solution
artificial atmosphere-haS been devised by
science.
Science however was preceded by primitive
mans observation in choosing appropriate cloth
ing and habits TO cope with the discomfortS OF
hot countries He learned by experience that
loose clothing was coolest and that II that
clothing next to his skin was made OF linen
IL was most comfortable when temperatures
scared He learned that frequent bathing pro-
NOTED his comfort In the midst Of tropical heat.
Science knows that clean skin persptres easily
and hence cools itself easily. Il knows that
loose clothing 10 comfortable In hot weather
because It allows adequate circulation and be-
cause It allows more air to reach the skin and
help It TO cool itself naturally II knows that
linen u good hot-weather clothing because its
nbers readily absorb body moisture and readily
evaporate It into the surrounding atmosphere,
thus remaining cool 10 the touch Of . sensitive
skin
DUT when It came to interpreting the
y weather. watching It and foreseeins what
lay in the days and hours ahead science took
the lead. And today, thanks to the science OF
meteorology and to rapid communication, 1t Is
possible to learn accurately the condition of the
weather in almost any part of the globe at any
given minute and from those data to forecast
the weather at any spot for from "A hours to 80
hours in advance. There scattered over the
globe more than IS. 600 stations where regular
observations Of meteorological conditions are
made and recorded
But now that close-range forecasting has
become q relatively accurate science with the
movement of storm areas high and low pressure
areas and hot and cold waves closely followed
science Is casting about for new methods of fore
casting methods which win make long range
forecasts possible And In this work some Of
the most important achievements have been
made by the physicists and astronomers whose
research. however. has been collated by the
weather man M
A few months ago DR.. o. q. Abbot secretary
of the Smithsonian institutions declared that
there b now Strong evidences 70 suppoFt Che
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-08-16
BY Hal BORLAND.

= HE man whose vacation is all over
with, who has returned to the heat
of the city, steps into his Office. mops
his perspiring brow with an already
moist handkerchief, signs as he sits
- - -. .l..... int
The Washington times., 1931-01-17
SPINNERS DUE
FOROUSTER
SOON
Owners Turn Men Out in Cold
When Employees Refuse to
to Take Double Work Stint

LONDON, Jan. II GNSD.-A
general lockout affecting 100000
weavers began in the Lancashire
Cotton Mills today, after a 10
hour conference between owners
and workmen, in an effort to
break the deadlock.
The dispute began when the
mill owners insisted that each
man tend eight instead Of four
looms.
The lockout will not only turn
the weaverS out into the cold, but
will probably result soon in the
lay-off of as many spinners, bring
ing the total in enforced idleness
to half a millionl
In the meantime, the coal
miners of South Wales voted to
accept terms reached by their
delegates with mine owners, thus
ending a dispute which lasted two
weeks. Consequently $4,000
miners will return to work Mon
day.
The Washington times., 1931-01-17
GUARDS ADMIT.
LIQUOR BRIDE

NEW YORK, Jan. II GN,SJ.
Cole E. Bradford and Albert L.
Parry, attached to the Atlantic
City, N. j., Coast Guard station,
pleaded guilty today before a
Coast Guard general court-martial
to charges of improper conduct.
1t was charged against Brad
ford that, in collision with Chief
Boatswain's Mate Daniels, he per-
mitted vessel to land liquor be-
tween September IS and 20, 1880,
and that he received money for
this.
Parry was accused of having ac-
copied $500 September l and 5000
on october IS for the same pur-
pose.
Daniels has pleaded guilty to
his part in the alleged landing of
the vessel, and is now awaiting
sentence,
The Washington times., 1931-01-17
HUNGRY ROUTED
BY GAS BOMBS

ST. LOUIS, Jan. ia march
of several hundred persons on the
city hall here yesterday resulted
in the arrest of eight men and
two women and the use of gas
bombs by policemen.
The march was a demonstra.
ton against unemployment, and.
when the board of aldermen re-
fused to give a hearing, the crowd
stormed the office of the mayor,
where police guard refused them
admission.
Here they were harangued by
one of their members, who shouted
that if the unemployed could not
get food otherwise, they would
take it by force. At this juncture,
tear bombs were thrown by police
and the arrests were made.
Charges of disturbing the peace
were placed against those ar
rested.
The Washington times., 1931-01-17
PANAMA CHEERS
Ne WPRES|DENT

PANAMA CITY. Jan. II
GN.SO.-The Republic of Panama
looked today to the beginning
of a new era in government as
Ricardo j. Alfaro, former min
lister to the United States, assumed
office as fifteenth president of
the tiny Central-American re-
public.
In a twominute ceremony
devoid of pomp and grand
flourishes, Senior Alfaro took the
oath of office before the supreme
court.
Several usand persons
waited in a plaza outside while
the chief justice transferred the
presidential band of blue and
white silk with the republics seal
from the shoulders of provisional
President Arias to those of the
new executive. Then both step
ped outside to receive an ovation.
The Washington times., 1931-01-17
OIL MEN PLEA
FOR TARIFF

An office-to-office campaign was
waged today in the Senate and
House Office buildings by the in
dependent oil producers in their
attempt to secure a tariff and i'm
port embargo favorable to their
industry.
Every Congressman from an oil
producing State was asked to sup
port oil relief legislation by the
oil men.
The executive committee ap-
pointed by the conference was
scheduled to appeal to President
Hoover for a tariff which the
delegates from IL States say is
necessary to keep independent oil
producers in business.
On the executive committee are
A. M. Landon, independence,
Kan; Walter S. Hallihan, Charles
ton, w. Va; ]. Edward Jones, New
York city; w. B. Harrison,
Wichita, Kan; j. I. Cromwell,
Muskogee, Okla, and Orville Bull
lington, OlVey, Tex.
The Washington times., 1931-01-17
SENATE DEBATE
UPHELD AS
USEFUL .
la Toilette Says Upper House
Performs Vital Function in
Welfare of Entire Nation

' NEW YORK, Jan. II GN.SO.
The attitude of insurgent Repub-
licans in Congress toward the
Administration had a defense
today in a speech of Senator
Robert M. La Toilette, jr., of
Wisconsin.
Speaking under the auspices of
a civic society here last night,
the Wisconsin Senator said the
Senate, as a forum for free de-
bate on national and interna-
tional affairs, was performing a
vital function in the welfare of
the country.
Oil Cases Cited
He said the exercise by the
Senate of its powers of investiga-
ton had brought the exposure of
the oil scandals and other Gov
ernmental evils and he denied
the powers of the Senate should
be cut. He added:
"The Naval oil scandals
WOulu never nave been exposed
were it not for this power of
the Senate"
Freedom of debate in the Sen
ate had brought woman suffrage
and many other important acts"
Senator La Toilette said.
Hits Mellon, Hoover
Senator La Toilette accused
Secretary of the Treasury Mellon
of "touting the stock market
before it's collapse" and said the
Senate had sought to counteract
this. He charged President Hoover
with minimizing the necessity for
relief measures and attacked the
Executive for forecasting in
March, 1880, an end of business
depression within so days"
He said it was the duty of
persons who believe in democ-
racy to rally to the support Of
the Senate. rather than engage
in criticism of it,"