davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1931-12-28

or when, Mr.. O'Neil does not know. Nor
does any one else,
Exchange Situation.
The effects of restrictions placed by
a number Of countries upon exchange
transactions upon United States COM
merce cannot be underestimated.
1t would seem that the situation
might be helped by the creation of a
clearing Office or similar instrumentality,
designed to make available the amounts
due from American importers to ex-
porters IN countries with exchange re-
strictions, for the payment of amounts
due from importers in the respective
countries to United States exporters.
Deposits Guaranteed.
The Lithuanian National Bank, which
is the bank of issue in the republic. has
agreed to assume the guarantee for all
deposits in the countrys private bank
ing institutions. For the guarantee the
bank will receive a commission amount
ing to 212 per cent, payable either by
the depositor or by the private bank
upon agreement with the former.
AS result of this new ruling, with
draWals have not only ceased entirely,
have continued to show marked in
crease.
Argentina's Prospects.
When the world does come back to
normal, Argentina will be one of the
first countries to come back, according
to Viscount st. Davids, English banker
prominently identified with Argentine
railroads and British investment trusts.
This prediction, in the opinion of the
British financier, is substantiated by
the fact that Argentina is a country
with great and industrious popula-
tion, richest of land for hundreds of
miles, an excellent climate and great
advantages.
Europe Lending Capital.
Europe, despite the alleged dearth of
funds, continues to send capital abroad,
provided she feels that credits granted
to foreign borrowers are going to be
productivity. The most re-
cent example is the participation by a
number of European financial institu-
tions in the formation of a Rumanian
agricultural credit bank.
The share capital, placed at some
what under S1,000,000 is understood to
have been furnished by the Credit
Foncier and the Banque de Paris ct des
Pays Bas of France, the Deutsche Bank
Disconto Gesellschaft of Germany; the
Kreditanstalt, and the
Kreuger and Toll Combine. The latter
Is already heavily interested in Ru-
mania, where it has acquired, among
others, the Kingdoms match monopoly
in consideration for a loan to the
Copyright, 1891, by North American News
paper Alliance, Inc)
Evening star., 1931-12-28
STABILIZED PRICES
NOW IN PROSPECT
Strengthening of Financial
Structure Is Promising
Factor.
sneciaI Dispatch to The Star.

SpeClhl DlSpatCn u Inc 0LaT,
NEW YORK, December 28-Prospect
of prompt stabilization and progressive
strengthening Of the domestic financial
situation is the most promising spot in
the business picture as 1881 passes un-
lamented into oblivion, says the BuSi-
ness Week. Financial difficulties grow
ing out of uncontrolled deflation
emerged as the most formidable factor
frustrating domestic readjustment dur
ing the past year.
So far as foreign influences have
played a part in poStponing recovery,
there is little progress to be hoped for,
and probably only further disturbance
to be anticipated from this source.
But indications of energetic action on
establishment CT the reconstruction
corporation after the congressional
recess, intelligent private support of the
bond market evidently under way in
the interval and early relief for rail-
roads through rate and wage adjust
mentS, Justify expectations of improve
ment in the domestic picture early next
year. Its extent depends upon how
promptly and powerfully pressure is
applied to reverse deflation and replace
and expand credit IN use and how
>strongly deferred private industrial de-
mand will draw it into employment for
rcpeniShment of depleted inventories
and Improvement and extension of
facilities. Sources of such demand on
large scale are difficult to see at the
moment, but they have always been so
at q similar stage of depression and
will doubtless appear in due course as
confidence is restored by better banking
conditions
Evening star., 1931-12-28
CURB SHARES DROP
IN ACTIVE SELLING
Leaders Show Fractional
DeCIineS-NeW Lows
Are Recorded.
BY JOHN A. CRONE.

Special Dispatch to TIE Star.
NEW YORK, December 28.-Open-
ing dull ana virtually unchanged, to-
day Curb Exchange Market developed
activity en- the downside as the ses-
sion progressed.
This market leader, Electric Bond &,
Share, was OF only a small fraction
on somewhat reduced turnover. Cities
Service Ib-orbed offerings ct con-
cc-~.oa O. "a point below its precious
COS. Standard Oil Ct indiana
vie s. Hum5lc Oil though only
oil 2 lhaac, touched a new mlntmum
MAJ.
Tho we marking the opening of a
NeE Yea" historically is one Of ris-
lng prizes. for even in bear mar
kets a January rise, in varying de-
gree5, always has taken place. In
view of the many precedentS that have
been shattered in 1881, traders would
not be surprised if the present week S
markets we're irregular, because con-
siderable tax selling is likely TO take
place in the next four days.
One of the features Of trading today
war the number CT loW-priced stocks
sppc-rinG ca TIC t2pe, some Of them
DuuIe-n~ c. in 2 lot Of 5 0G0 shares
at %" i--s--Cco You're Tost Of
SUI, t-2~S2 -t!Cn7 represented tax
selling.
Tho early squirt in the rails over on
the big board for a time benefited
Pennroad and caused Pittsburgh &
Lake Erie and Railway 81 Light Sc
curities to open at initial gains Of "a
and l point, respectively. This move
ment, however, did not spread to rail
equipments. Safety Car Heating &
Lighting opened off points, cancelling
nearly tWo-thirdS of its recovery Of the
past week.
The opening Of the Curb Exchange
was marked by quiet dealings and ir-
regular prices. Losses and gains about
balanced
Electric Bond & Share at 1Ols was
unchanged Cities Service at 53s was
of ls and so was Standard Oil of In
diana at l4l4. Roam Antelope at 5@i
gained a and Ford Motor, Ltd, rose
opened up a point at AZ, as United
States Foil B appeared off Il at 2la.
Middle West Utilities at 5l2 was off
II, but Niagara Hudson Power was up
i at 6ls United Light & Power A at
SIS was unchanged, as was Gulf Oil
of Pennsylvania at 26I2. American
Super Power at 35s dropped a, but
Hydro Electric Securities at 63s rose 5s
Cheesebrough Manufacturing, with
an initial rise of points stocd out in
the list of Standard Oil and allied
shares Aside from the very low
priced issues, pipe lines and natural gas
shares were neglected.
Buying of copper shares in London
benefited Roam Antelope here, but do
meStic red metal issues like Shattuck-
DEM and United Verde Extension were
inclined to heavineSs. New Jersey Zinc
firmcd. Aluminium Co. of America
opened CfI points Singer Manufac-
turing and A. O. Smith, in the higher
priced industrials, pointed higher. Swift
International staged a modest recovery,
as cid Glen Alden Coal.
In the higher priced utilities Com
monwCalth Edison opened down points.
Hydroelectric securities improved. Most
utility investment trusts Jagged, but
maintained their quotations.
Evening star., 1931-12-28
LIVE STOCK PRICES
IN UPWARD TREND
Sharp Drop in Receipts De-
CIared Cause of Rising
Values.
BY FRANK /. WELLER,
Associated Press Farm Editor.

The current upturn in cattle prices is
believed due principally to drastically
curtailed receipts and could melt away
in short order if the advance brings in
a heavy run.
A week ago there was a glut Of steers
and yearlingS and values sank to the
lowest levels in years. 1t has been fol-
lowed by the smallest run of offerings
IN recent trade history. Starvation
supplies always boost prices and as the
week closed weighty' steers had ad-
vanced so cents and most light kinds
81 to So
1t should be remembered that the
undertone on heavy steers is not very
healthy and any liberal response to the
upturn will be a further sign for price
raldlng on the part of Eastern order
buyers, who now are taking rs per cent
or more OF Weighty steers.
Weighty Steers Predominate.
Weighty steers have been predomi-
mating the market. Shippers wanted
them early but ignored kinds scaling
over 1,100 pounds later unless price
levels had been sharply reduced. Chi
cago killers were relatively small buy
erS, which teStifieS to the fact that. in
the man, IL W2S shipper market. Most
OF the steers going East were bought to
I'LL urgent kosher orders.
Better grade Weighty bullocks this
week turned at So to $40, with an ex-
tTemee top of $11.75 being paid for
strictly choice 1,248-pound offerings.
These as we'll as cattle not so well fin-
Shed were speCialties, and as the week
closed it took a relatively long fed load
OF weighty bullocks to beat $3.50.
Inc hog supply was somewhat dis
torted this week, due to the week end
holiday period, and little significance
could be attached to the market trend.
Including spectacular gain of IS cents
or more on Thursday prices were As to
90 cents higher than a week ago, or rs
10 80 cents above the close of the week,
Prices week ago, however. were the
lowest recorded so far this year. Pack
ing SoWS failed to meet with favor and
current prices are only 10 to Is cents
hlgher than a week ago.
Receipts OF Sharply.
Receipts at the IL principal markets
totaled but 1868, 700 head, as compared
with 572, 900 week earlier.
The supply of light hogs at Chicago
was relatively smaller than a week ago
and with the more aggressive shipping
demand such descriptions showed the
what of a seasonal change, but is much
smaller than the Widened spread a year
ago. Except for a few thin under
weights. the general quality of the hog
supply has been commendable.
The fresh pork trade has shown only
few indications of strength and the
demand has been anything but depend
able, Prices of loins are slightly higher
than week ago. Prices of provisions,
however, declined somewhat the past
few days and lard prices on Thursday
were the lowest so far this season.
What was heralded as a bad week
for lambs proved otherwise, the pre-
holiday market literally advancing by
leaps and bounds The Anticipated
surplus helped to check receipts, as also
did the bad price break late last week.
The upshot was so cents to 81 higher
market, as compared with a week ago,
choice lamb reaching the highest point
since late November.
Evening star., 1931-12-28
Everybody's
Business
Decline IN Volume of World
Trade and Fall in Gold
Prices Held Causes of
Young Plan Failure.
BY DIR. MAX WINKLER.

Special Dispatch to The Star.
NEW YORK, December 28.-COnfer-
ences are cheaper than wars and visits
cost less than invasionS. The nations
of Europe are doubtless aware of this
France is no exception. She recalls
her experience in 1923, when she tried
to collect reparations. Her triumphant
march into the occupation of the Ruhr,
Germany's most highly industrialized
section, wrecked Germany, but pretty
nearly wrecked France as well. Mill
tarv expeditions arranged for the pur-
pose of collecting debts, are as rule
futile.
One welcomes, therefore, the news
that the British and the French have
agreed to call another conference at
The Hague to consider steps to be taken
in regard to the Young plan. 1t will be
recalled that the latter came into be-
ing less than two years ago as perma-
nent and final settlement of the
reparationS problem.
The reasons for the failure of the
plan are relatively simple. 1t contem-
plated a rising series of annuities, based
upon a steady expansion in world trade,
not merely IN volume, but in value, IN
which German payments would become
a factor of diminishing Importance.
The opposite has been the case. Since
the Young plan came into effect, not
only has the trade of the world Shrunk
in volume, but the fall in gold prices
has itself added greatly to the real
burden, not only of German annuitles,
but of all payments fixed in gold.
The Young Plan Advisory Committee,
appointed to study and suggest a So
luton of the German debt problem,
has submitted what may be regarded
as q rather sober analysis of the exist
ing complications in the field of inter-
national economics and finance. The
advice given by the committee should
command the respect of economists
and statesmen of all nations involved.
The German problem, the experts
maintain, which is largely responsible
for the growing financial paralysis of
the world, calls for. concerted action
which the governments alone can take.
They add that the adjustment of all
ntergoyernmental debts Preparations
and other war debts) to the existing
troubled situation of the world-and
the adjustment should take place with
out delay II new disasters are to be
avoided-is the only lasting step ca
pable of establishing confidence,
which is the very condition of economic
stability and real peace.
Decline i'm Commodities.
Commodities are on an extremely low
base. according to w. o. ONeil, presi-
dent of General Tire & Rubber Buyers,
continues Mr.. O'Neil, always hesitate on
a declining market, for they are con-
stantly looking for something better in
the way of price.
Speaking of tire prices next year, 1t
Is certain that they cannot 60 lower
than they are. Whether they will rise,
Evening star., 1931-12-28
Annual Reports Announced.

NEW YORK, December % (P.-
John Morrell g. Co., reported today for
the year ended october 81 net profit of
S67l ,272, equal to S1.70 a share This
compares with $2,021.889, or $5.15 a
share in the year ended November l,
1880. Net sales of. the American COM
panies were $67 $50, 908, against $88,-
l69, ,488 in the preceding year.
Cuban-American Sugar Co., for the
year ended September 80. reported q
net loss of $2,765, sos, compared with
net loss, of $1,000, ,004 in the preceding
Evening star., 1931-12-28
DECLINE IN VOLUME
OF IMPORTS IS LESS
Total for Nine Months Is 1926 Per
Cent Smaller Than in Same
1880 Period.

The decline in the volume of Ameri-
can imports slackened during the first
nine months of 1881, as compared with
the same period last year, although the
total value, amounting to ,646,000,
was 326 per cent smaller than for the
corresponding three quarters of 1890,
the foreign commerce department of the
Chamber of Commerce of the United
States reported in a trade survey last
night
The review shows that 25 out Of 81
chief imports were brought into the
country in larger quantities this year,
the increases ranging from 2.3 per cent
to 1862 per cent, the latter figure cover
ing purchases of sesame seed.
The items showing increases were
largely in the food and clothing groups.
Evening star., 1931-12-28

in the week ended December 10. Out
put of the former is estimated by the
Bureau of Mines at 7,050,000 net long
tons, against 9,475 900 tons in the like
week of 1880. Pennsylvania anthracite
production of 100000 net tons COM
pared with 1886, 900 tons in 1880.
Dairy Products.-The Department of
Agriculture finds that world prices of
dairy products have declined in re-
cent months, against the normal sea-
sonal trend Domestic prices have been
affected by the unusually large FAN
milk production and its products.
Electrical uipment.-Increased ac-
tivity has developed with the approach
Evening star., 1931-12-28
FEDERAL RESERVE RATIO,

By the Associated Press.
The ratio of total reserves to deposit
and Federal Reserve note liabilities
combined, of the IL central banks re-
ceded slightly during the week ended
December %, as compared with the
previous week. The ratio for compare
BILE periods follow, as calculated by the
Reserve Board
Week ended Dec. 23...,.. 64.4 per cent
Previous week ....",uss. $50 per cent
Same week last year .ss.s. 1870 per cent
Evening star., 1931-12-28
PARIS B0URSE PRICES

PARIS, December % (P).-Three per
cent rentes, 10 francs Is centin9es;
per cent loan, 100 francs 20 centimes.
Exchange on London, 81 francs 615
centimes. The dollar was quoted at rs
francs so centimes.
Evening star., 1931-12-28
Trade Trends

BY the Associated Press
Heavy engineering con-
struction contracts awarded in the past
week call for expenditures of $23, ,700,-
000, contrasted with $26 $685., 900 in the
preceding week and s32, ,763,000 in the
corresponding week of 1880, according
to the Engineering News record.
Coal.-Weather and trade influences
were reflected in decreased production
Of both anthracite and bitlifninols Goals
Evening star., 1931-12-28

The worlds record for liner tonnage
in one port was made recently when the
Majestic, Leviathan, Olympic, Homeric,
Berengaria and Empress Of Britain,
with q total tonnage Of 2sl,s42, docked
at Southampton, England.
Evening star., 1931-12-28

of the year end. A number of substan-
tial commitments are reported in East
ern districts, where industrial prospects
appear brighter than elsewhere.
Leather and Shoes.-A moderate re-
duction in the 1882 output of shoes is
tentatively indicated, according tc
Standard Statistics Co.
Evening star., 1931-12-28
FOREIGN BONDS.

Turkey has restricted the importation
OF radio apparatus.
Evening star., 1931-12-28
New York Cotton
Special Dispatch to The Star

Special Dispatch to The Star.
NEW YORK, December 28-Opening
cotton prices today were l to 4 points
higher in fairly active trading. Trade
buyers bid, near months up, while spec
ulative covering offset commission
house offerings in October and De-
cember.
Opening prices were: January 6.29,
up g.; March, CAT, up 3; May, 661, up
3; July, 684, up 4; october, 704, up /,
and December, 72l, up 2.
Six hundred ninety-nine girls and az
youths in England and Wales have
married within q year at l6, the lowest
legal age.
Evening star., 1931-12-28
RIGHTS--ExPIRE

"a - Coln Edison.... as IA Ia l
Ia. Pub svc N II Feb 6 24. 2ss 2a pa
us 1 rates in d0a quarterly Of
dividend tPartly stock:
plus g. in stSa sos sSk fs In a
st0k Plus s. in IN st0sk os Pqs iS IN stGoe rs. rqs IT, in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-24

wrote paper 30 years agO On old Washington,
and who was familiar with this locality. makes
some references which might be interesting
not only rs TO the condition Of the streets at
that time. but also respecting the clothing then
worn By the ladies. She says:
Looking ut our streets now, It Is hard to
realize their condition during the Civil War,
when the streets ran with liquid mud that
reached to the hubs Of the wagon wheels. so
cut up were they BY the vast number Of Army
wagons and ambulances. We had an army Of
Street-sweepers. newsboys and bootblacks. It
was impossible to cross the street until the
sweeper had swept a clean spot to rest the sole
Of your foot, then another spot was swept, and
SO on until the other side of the street was
reached. Money seemed plentiful Everybody
fed the street-Sweepers, and bought the extras,
though issued several times day.
I'VE had to dress to suit the times, with
oyershoes and heavy red or blue WOODEN petit
coats, our dresses Topped jauntily over them
with patent arrangement Of hooks andsloops.
Ordinary cotton cloth, for which we pay 1872
cents now cost then 20 cents per yard. The
provost guard patrolIed the streets day and
night; all soldiers and officers were stopped
and required to show their passes. IF not cor
rect they were marched of to the guard house.
The theaters and all other places of amuse-
ment were patrolled In the same way. I heard
one night at theater the of1cer Of the guard
ask for . pass Of an officer who sat by me. He
had one arm and the officer next to me had
but one They had to resort to their teeth be-
fore they could fully unfold the pass"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-24

THE four hundred block Of Ninth street was
fairly well occupied with business interests
so years ago.
Insurance companies Of an kinds then Aad
ofices in the Lincoln Music Hail. Richard
Henderson ut that time occupied Goa; II. Adler,
fancy goods 4O5; H. M. Tubman, paper hang
fngs 4f1; I'd AbneY, wen known dispenser OF
~sSlds" was 1T 413 and also around the corner;
BrfeI who made such delicious chocolate drops,
was at SIT; next came J. p Br1en, plumber,
and NJ A. Piper dressmaker, was I'm the same
building. J. H Fiske. sewing machines was
at 421 Adrian NJ KIoczewstd, druggist, 423;
Hattie SheIlfng drGsmakeT, was next door:
J. r. Mckinney. sewing machines, AZ; George
wilmer, paper hangings, $40; Joseph Ross
cutler was ct 431: NJ D. Brace & Co., gents
and ladies' furnishings. 433; J. A. Griesbaur
tailor, 435; SeItz n MeTtz, tailoFs 437, and
Ringwalt & Hall sold liver pads near the corner.
On the west side Of Ninth street, in 1880,
there were engaged in business at No. 400.
J. r. Clements, periodicals and stationery, and
going northward John w. Allen, cigars etc.;
Washington D. Glenn, jeweler; Henry M. zim-
norman, furniture: John b. Rocca, fruits:
Robert Boyd, hardware; Thomas w. Sweeny,
upholstersr; c. c. Purcell, books and station
cry; Eaton g. King miTliners; Thomas Jarvis,
confectioner; J. H. Harrington, shoe store;
George T. Keen, tailor; John J. Jett, scales;
Waller DuvaH, teas and eoffees Rufus H.
Darby, printer; R. o. Edmonston grocer; John
e. Armor painter; Robert Burton, sailmaker;
Samuel H. Bradford, fruits. and z. L. & C. M.
JohnsOn's saloon at the corner Of street.
It Is quite impossible to look back into the
dim past and imagine what the city looked like.
Evening star., 1931-12-09

sion by the chamber on the bill, which
applies only To advertisements outside
OF corporation limits.
Chamber members tndorsed the
measure, taking the stand that signs are
property erected for gainful purposes
and should pay their share of the
States expenses.
This tax provision was indorsed by
both Rust and Allen, the county's rep
resentatives In the next Legislature
All speakers Endorsed the provisions
making for the safety of the highways
Allen stated that hospitality signs,
Chamber OF Commerce, Rotary, Kiwanis
and like organization signs should be
exempt from taxation, in his opinion.
The bill prohibits signs within 30
feet OF the highway right of way, 800
feet OF curve If the line of vision is
obstructed or 200 feet Of an intersec-
ton with another public road. Signs
resembling traffic markers in shape or
wording are also prohibited.
Persons would be allowed to advertise
their own goods or services on their
own premises, but the erection of signs
on other peoples land without perrnis-
sion of the owner would be prohibited.
An annual permit from the clerk of the