davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1931-04-07
PROTEST AND PRAISE
INDUCED BY RECENT
ACTIVITY OF RASKOB
Southern Dry Leaders Redouble
Efforts to Balk His Home
Rule Plan
CONDEMNED FOR 'DICTATING'
Arkansas Committeeman and
louisiana commltteeWom.
an Favor Proposal
CONDEMNED FOR 'DlCTATIMc'

Washington, April 7.-ReProtest,
praise and discord Monday followed
Chairman Raskob's prohibition poll
of Democratic national committee
men.
What would happen was problem
atical. A number Of southern dry
leaders however, redoubled efforts to
forestall convention approval Of the
national committee chafimar's home
rule plan. Others saw his proposition
as a solution to prohibition questions,
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1931-04-07
Sentence Of Year in Jail and
Fine Of $4,000 Affirmed
Monday by Court
MAIN TAlNS HE'S INNOCENT
Counsel Would Delay for as
Days Time Former Secretary
Must Go to Jail

Three Rivers, N. M, April 7.-lP-
Albert B. Fall. former secretary Of the
interior, was debating Tuesday the
advisability of appealing from a de-
cision Of the District of Columbia
court Of appeals affirming his con-
viction of taking a bride in the Cali
fornia naval oil lease transaction with
Edward L. Doheny.
MI. Fall said it was remotely pos
sible" but not probable he would ap-
peal to the supreme court. He said
his decision would wait until he re-
ceived q copy of the courts action.
He awaited 1t at his Tres Rios ranch
home.
The APPELLATE court upheld the SEN
tence Of n year Imprisonment and
100000 fine against Fall, who served
in the cabinet OF President Harding.
4 am a poor man." he said, land
I have no money for further legal
defense. Certainly I cannot pay the
heavy fine"
II am an old man, and for the last
eight years I have known little but
trouble. In many respects the de-
cision is a welcome relief, for the
weight of suspense has been heavy"
II am not guilty." he said. land
the great masses Of people who put
me in positions of trust long before
I became secretary of the interior do
not believe me guilty."
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1931-04-07
Resident
OF Wimbledon Is Dead

Wimbledon, N. D, April 7.-E-
Funeral services were held here Mon
day for Sam Lilly, 81. . resident Of
this community for the last 50 years.
MI. Lilly, who settled on q farm In
Barnes county in 1881, had been in III
health for the last year, being . pa
tient In . Valley City hospital. where
he died.
Since the death Of his wife several
years ago. he had made his home
with his son, John, near here.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1931-04-07
Court to Consider
Knute ROckne Will

South Bend, Ind, April 7.-R-
The will Of Knute Rockne. drawn
March 4, 1923, was to be filed in pro-
bate court Monday.
The will leaves his entire estate
to Mrs. Rockne and their four chill
dren. Its value will not be deter
mined until inventory Is taken later.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1931-04-07
The vote cast up until 2 p. m.
follows:
Mine Cities Voting

Bismarck was one Of nine cities
all with the commission form OF gov
eminent, In which North Dakota cit
liens were selecting municipal OFF,
GERS. There are is cities with the
commission form Of government but
some held their biennial elections last
year.
voters Ia those North Dakota cities
villages and towns which retain the
councilmanic form of government
CONTINUED on page nine)
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1931-04-07
SCORE RUNS HIGH

Norwood, Mass, April Z-RAAl-
most every week for Is years James
q. Harris has played bridge with
three friends. He and His partner
had scored 1,336.667 points to 1906
| 667 for opponents.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1931-04-07
GRAND 4 MAN DIES

Grand Forks, n. D., April 7.-Ne
After Z brief illness. George echwaxn,
65. pioneer Grand Forks clothier, died
In Z local hospital.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1931-04-07
The Weather

1aiR Tuesday might and WeAnesaayB
contlnued mild Temperature.
The Washington times., 1931-09-19
PLYMOUTH

PLYMOUTH USED CAR DEPT.
Blanton Motor Co. n. Y. Ave n. p.
PLYMOUTH 1880 Roadster bargain, 1926:
terms. Mr. C0okseY DEC. 4640
The Washington times., 1931-09-19
PIERCE ARROW

SNS~NS~~SN~s~~S~~~N>~~ ~~~NS~~sNNsN~S~~~~~~
PIERC BARROW 1928 5-Pass. sedan-A-1
condition; an excellent buy $3.50.
KEMPTON- ADIILAC CORP.
113S Conn. Ave N W Decatur $3.50
The Washington times., 1931-09-19
GRAHAM-PAIGE

6-29 Sedan. $3.50 down
S2534 per mo. Our best buy. Al every
way. Guaranteed Warrington Motor Co..
2O35 18th N w Pot O044.
The Washington times., 1931-09-19
Want Miscellaneous

FURNITURE bought and sold, good prices
paid MarQolina 800 9Th n W NE n53a
FURNITURE-Hign 1T cash prices paid Tor
furniture Of every description: Prompt,
courteous Service. Call Murray, Met. 6OO2.
FURNITURE of every description bought
for cash Highest prices. Prompt ana
courteous service. Call Douglas. NE. 1913.
WANTED-Steinway Baby Grand Piano:
must be cheap will pay cash DIT
Faust Annapols Md
The Washington times., 1931-09-19
STUTZ

sTUTZ SPORT TOURING. 192S-Like
new. $500. This is a car you will be
proud to own.
113S CONN. AVE. N. w. DE. 1880
The Washington times., 1931-09-19
GRAHAM

GRAHAM 1881 Sport Sedan-Equipped
with 6 wire wheels all new tires; new
car appearance and performance. No cheap
new car offers these big six luxuriea at
near this price Only S645' terms and
trade. Ray Semmes. Inc. 1929 l4th St.
W pot O1T2
The Washington times., 1931-09-19
Automobiles
PAIGE

PAIGE 1928 Coupe-Fully equipped. all
new All-State tires. excellent finish, very
clean upholstery and when you drive this
car you surely will be surprised at the
power. speed and pep this car really has.
and selling for only S245: terms and
trade. Ray Semmes Inc. 1926 14th St.
n W pot. O172.
The Washington times., 1931-09-19
MOTORCYCLES AND
BICYCLES
AUTOMOBILES FOR SALE

LATE model used motorcycles. reas. price
4th and o SITS. N w. Pot. 2522.
The Washington times., 1931-09-19
OLDSMOBHE

AUTOMOBILES FUN SANG
NO DOWN PAYMENT
20 MONTHS TO PAY
MODEL, A FORDS. WHIPPET. NASH
ESSEX CHEVROLET. STUDEBAKER
MANY OTHERS TO CHOOSE FROM q.
CAPITOL MOTOR CO
9TH AND o SITS. n. w.
BARGAINS IN USED CARS,
Lee D. Butler Inc. 2155 Chamolain st NV
The Washington times., 1931-09-19
Rentals
UNFURNISHE

APARTMENTS UNFURNISHED 98
D0WHLEXS4H1 WS EH. 4REsb Et bail S12. s.es As sskS
a., 80. .coRcoRAN couETs soss
THE PRINCE GEORGE
1918 3Oth st. N. w.
9 rooms bath, rear porch. ..... sos 90
THE KANAWA
5O16 Dumbarton Ave. NV.
9 rooms, bath. rear porch ,...... .$s5 90
THE COLONIAL
1905 3Oth st. N. w.
rooms and bath .............S4 .S45. so
THE WESTFIELD
312O r St. N. w.
Electric Refrigeration
? rooms, kit, dinette, bath .S47.5O
J. MCKINNEY BERRY
Realtor
1868 Wisconsin Ave.
WEST O513
THE MARCHETA
NEW DOWNTOWN APT.
1871 New, Hampshire Avenue NV.
room, kitchen, dinette, bath,
shower. with or without Murphy
bed. $37.50-$45.W
2 rooms, kitchen, dinette, bath,
shower. with or without Murphy
bed. $57.50-$60.OO.
24-Hour Elevator and Telephone Service
Frigidaire on House Current
Apply Resident Manager or
Phone WEST O7SO
The Washington times., 1931-09-19
PONTIAC

PONTIAC COACH il being displayed at
the Eynon Motor COmpanys Day and
Night Sale of fine used cars. Over so
others for your choice and selection. Only
SO cash and the balance over long
period with the easiest terms Your old
Pontiac in trade Bring a small deposit
Jim Flaherty, Used Car Manager, 1437
Irving St.
The Washington times., 1931-09-19
REQ
STODEBAKER

STUDEBAKER 1928 Comd. Coupe, $75
down, S2367 per mo Looks like new
Runs fine Guaranteed. Warrington Motor
Co: 2035 18th n. w. Pot. OO44.
STUDEBAKER Sedans Coupes. RoadSters,
wide selection of fine thoroughly re-
conditioned ears hacked by the Washing
ton Studebaker Distributors.
LEE D. BUTLER. INC.
2l55 Champlain st.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-02-20
TOWER SUFFERS LOSS
OF SAW MILL BY FIRE

Fire of unknown origin Saturday
afternoon destroyed the Lake Ver-
million Lumber Company sawmill at
Tower. The loss is estimated at
$4,000, partly covered by insurance.
The cause of the fire is unknown as
there was no one in the building at the
time. Workmen on the outside dis
covered the fire coming through the
roof at the south end of the mill and
turned in a general alarm but the fire
had gained too much Roadway and
could not be halted. The mill and city
fire department, however, were able to
save the power plant and the new box
factory.
The mill has had varied experience
and was bought about four years ago
by the Vermilion people after it was
proposed to move it from Tower. Since
the new company has been in control
the plant has been improved with the
addition of box factory in connection
with the sawmill. The plant has been
of vast financial benefit to our neigh
boring city and has been pointed to
with pride by those who make the
claim that what we need in this
country are more similar institutions
with their payrolls and opportunities
for the farmers to dispose of their
surplus timber.
1t is understood that the mill will be
rebuilt on the present site as soon as
possible and that there will be no
curtailment of work in the factory as
the company has good stock of logs
on hand.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-02-20
SPORTSMEN STUDYING PROPOSED
GAME LAW LEGISLATION.

Recommendations made to the legiS-
lature affecting the game and fish laws
of the state, are being studied by the
sportsnlen of northern Minnesota. A
large number of recommendations have
been made and the sportsmen are
anxious to study the proposed changes.
These include:
Abolition of commercial fishing In
international waters, continued oppoSi-
ton to the one-buck law; payment of
wolf bounties from the general fund;
public hunting and fishing in auxiliary
forests; open season on mink; repeal
of law allowing water sets for mink.
Extension of lake trout season to
Sept. Is; change season on WhitefiSh
to Oct. Is; no special protection for
doe and fawn; opposition to change in
duck shooting hours; making trapping
licenses available after July /; open
season ON beaver; opposition to change
in pike and pickerel season opening
Uniform brook trout season in ST.
Louis, Cook and Lake counties; dis
tribution of pike fingerlings instead Of
fry; opposition to new roads through
national forests; better policing OF
summer cottages; selection Of game
and fish commissioners from Northern
Minnesota; placing game wardenS
under civil service; opposition to LEAK
Walton league plan regarding couser-
vation commissioner.
Executive closing of upland game
season by game and fish commissioned.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-02-20

and its Auxiliary can help reduce ac-
cidents, according to Mr.. Andreen
He said that 1870 of Minnesota's 47O
Legion posts already formed emer-
gency corps many of which have use
fully functioned at fires and after tor
nadoes.
The American Legion in Minnesota
is giving its active support to the state
branch Of the National Safety Coun-
Gil, the chief purpose of which is to
educate the public to habitual careful
ness against all possible accidents and
dangers. Many posts have cooperated
with existing community safety coun-
ellis.
Where there are no community
safety councils" Chairman Andrews
message states, I'VE urge our Legion
posts to provide the leadership in their
organization, as number Of posts have
already done. I appeal to you to en-
list everyone in the effort to conserve
rather than destroy life.
"If our Minnesota posts, through
their effective safety and emergency
work, can put the people on their
guard against accidents, so that just
one life may be saved, the effort in
volved will be well repaid"
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-02-20
Car License Penalties Begin.

Beginning Tuesday morning penal
ties were chalked up against several
thousand owners of motor cars
throughout the country who neglected
to apply for their 1881 license before
Monday evening, February Is, one day
of grace having been allowed because
the 18th fell on Sunday. It is said
that LOO Duluthians failed to apply
for licenses and are on the delinquent
list
Beginning Tuesday, penalty of Is
cents a day for ten days will be i'm
posed. On February 81, dollar win
be added to the purchase price of the
license and another dollar every month
thereafter until the penalty reaches
$780,
Both banks in this city were except
ionally busy Monday making out ap-
plications for licenses to be forwarded
to Mike Holm, secretary of state. In
order to facilitate matters an effort will
be made before the next license time
rolls around to have some one in Ely
empowered as deputy to issue these
necessary licenses and supply plates.
At present applications must be sent
to st. Paul. Virginia has a deputy to
issue licenses and so have Hibbing and
Duluth. We need one here.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-02-20
paper to date, Mr.. Hutchins draws ehe
following general conclusions in regard

paper to date, Mr.. Hutchins draws ehe
following general conclusions in regard
to its use:
/. In general there seems to be
beneficial effect from the paper. Hoy
ever, in the experiments at the Univer-
sity Farm, the increases, in most cases
do not appear to pay for the additional
cost.
2. In general, mulch paper appears
to be most beneficial with warm season
crops or under conditions unfavorable
to the optimum development of the
crop. Under favorable conditions, there
Is often very little beneficial and some
times detrimental effect.
3. Warm season crops of high acre
value and yield which are grown in
tensively are most apt to give the best
results.
The paper should not be used on
q low value crop.
5. The paper eliminates weeds in the
area covered and thus conserves mois-
ture and fertility. BY SO doing it also
cuts down the cost of cultivation.
However, this latter effect is offset to
a large extent by the added cost of
laying and caring for the paper and by
the additional labor involved in plant
ing and transplanting when it is used.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-02-20
VERY FEW SURFACED"
HIGHWAYS ARE PAVED

The statement that Minnesota ranks
third among the states in the mileage
of surfaced" roads has led to mis-
understanding, says Highway Bull
letin. Some people, apparently, con-
fuse paved" and surfaced" roads, and
jumped to the conclusion that Mime
sofa was among the leading states in
miles of pavement, which is far from
true.
A surfaced" road is any road with
a top layer of some material different
from the sub-grade. This may be con-
crete, brick, asphalt, macadam, oil, tar,
gravel, shale, sand-clay or top soil.
In Minnesota most of the surfaced"
roads are graveled. Minnesota has
$4,000 miles of state and local roads
surfaced with gravel or other material.
Ohio with $1,000 and Indiana with
$4,000 are the only two with a lasgeE
mileage.
When it comes to pavement, Mime
sofa is far down the list with 1924
miles. Paved roads are sometimes
called "hard-surfaced," to distinguish
Cnem from OCher surfaced roads
which may break down in periods of
bad weather
Twenty-Five states now have more
pavement than Minnesota. Leading
the list are Pennsylvania with 10,500,
New York with 9,795, nlionois with
1886 (plus two or three thousand miles
of paved county roads,) North Caro-
lima with 4,435, Wisconsin, 3,717 and
Iowa 1854.
Iowa paved 1929 miles in 1880, lead
ing all the states, although Illinois with
981 miles, some of winch were 40 #.
wide, claims to have laid more square
yards of paving than Iowa. Louisiana
expects to break the record with 1900
in 1881.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-02-20
ELY HONOR ROLL
HAS 43 STUDENTS
MEMORIAL HIGH SCHOOL PLACES
FORTY-THREE STUDENTS ON
THE HONOR ROLL FOR THE SIX
WEEK PERIOD JUST ENDED.

Forty three students of the Ely Mem
orial high school were placed on the
honor roll for the six-weeks period just
ended Seniors headed the list with
Is, while the sophomores were next
with 13. Freshmen gained nine berths
and juniors had Six Girls outnum-
bered the boys 80 to 10. The list fol-
lows:
Seniors-Simon Bourgin, Ruth Child
ers, Dewitt Englund, Berniece Johnson,
Martha Kangas, Mary Kolenz, Mayme
Mayerle, Ann Movrin, Marian Odgers,
Evely Olson, Adelaide Pajari, John
Skubitz, Norman Sundholm, Harry
Sutherland and Jennie Turula.
Juniors-Lawrence Berglund, Adele
Kukko, Anna Nosan, Laura Laitala,
Mary Prosen, Alice Wooden.
Sophomores- Ahola, Anna
Ahonen, Margaret Bouska, Eugene Fill
son, Lawrence Golobich, Violet Hanson,
Elsie Harri, Sadie Koivunen, Helen
Kukko, Mary Kuzma, Rose Mochnik,
Elizabeth Peternal and Margaret Skule.
Freshmen Fleming, Anita
Gordon, Marie Grahek, william Hill
lard, Coral Hillman, Pearl Kittila,
ALI Maxi, Lois Odgers and Annie
PeSchel.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-02-20
BIC AUDIENCE FOR
SQUARE CROOK"
ST. ANTHONY CLUB FURNISH A
PLEASANT EVENING FOR LARGE
AUDIENCE IN THEIR PRESEN-
TATION OF THE STEVENS
PLAYERS.

Square Crooks" was presented at
the Washington Auditorium Sunday
evening to a large audience under the
auspices of the st. Anthony Club The
play was well put on by the Stevens
Players of Duluth.
Square Crooks is a three-act
comedy which depicts the intention of
several who had jail records to live
down their regulations and keep
square, during which attempt several
amusing incidents transpire to make
their task particularly onerous.
The characters were portrayed in a
satisfactory manner. E. Sheperd, Paul
Mcknight, Louis Benda, David Danield,
Arthur Day, Claude Young and the
Misses Lucille Littlefield, Edith Davis.
Aileen Forsman, Victoria Benda and
Nancy Lee Bramlette handled the roles.
The Ely High School orchestra under
the direction of Prof. DiNino, fur
nished excellent music as curtain
raiser and between the acts. This pro-
gram by the orchestra furnished the
audience with no small part of the
show.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-02-20
GOOD ROAD SAVINGS
RUN INTO BIG MONEY

When a highway carries 1000 tons of
traffic per day, it pays to spend $50 to
shorten the road one foot, according to
Prof. T. R. Agg of the Iowa State Col
lege at Ames. Since the average We
hicle with load weighs about 5000
pounds, 1000 tons day means 666 We
hicles, so if the average daily traffic
between two points exceeds this figure,
it will pay to spend $4,000 for new
stretch of road if it will shorten the
distance one mile.
This is the saving effected merely
by the distance reduction, and if the
new road is better than the old one,
further saving is effected. Research
at the Iowa college has placed the cost
of operating the average car over paved
roads at 5.44 cents mile, good gravel
roads 6.43 cents a mile and low type"
roads 7.50 cents mile. Thus if a ten
mile pavement is built to take the
place of twelve mile dirt road, the
cost of driving car between the two
points is reduced from 80 to 54.4 cents.
Applying these figures to Minnesota
highways, it can be shown that every
project has paid for itself in a very
short time, according to a Highway
bulletin. Even the Lake City-wabasha
section, 1873 miles graded last summer
at cost of 100000, the costliest grad
ing job done on the state trunk high
way system, will be found to have been
a very good investment. This road
carries 1000 vehicles per day in sum-
mer, and probably 1000 tons per day
the year around, or double the trafilc
which is necessary to justify paving
$50 per foot for shortening road The
Lake City Wabasha road was shortened
about 5000 feet, which, at $120 per foot,
would justify spending $3.50, 900, or go
per cent more than the actual ex-
penditure.
But the relocation accomplished more
than merely shortening the distance.
Two steep hills and many sharp curves
and other hazards were eliminated.
Next year Commissioner c. NJ Babcock
hopes to pave this stretch It is con-
sentative to say that the paving, dis
lance reduction, elimination of hill
climb and sharp turns, win save Is
cents in gasoline consumption, tire
wear, brake wear, and car depreciation,
ON every ton-load going between these
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-02-20
COUNTY COMMISSIONERS ASKED
TO BACK PAVING OF NO. IS

The ST. Louis County Board Of Com
missioners have been appealed to to
use their influence towards having
Highway No. IS, between here and
Tower, paved in 1882 or 1888. It Is
expected that the county win finish
paving No. 7 in these years and the
contention is that the state highway
between here and Tower should be COM
pleted at the same time and thus fur
nish this city with paved highway
through to Duluth and from there to
all parts of the United States.
The request for assistance in having
Commissioner Babcock place this high
way on his list of early improvements
was made by the Ely Commercial Club
and it's Legislative Committee. The
last traffic count made by the highway
department showed that an average Of
900 cars day passed over this high
way. This number is far in excess Of
the number required to make paving
cheaper than upkeep according to the
departments own figures.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-02-20
$1,000 YEARLY FOR
Eastwood PORTAGE
BILL INTRODUCED TO ALLOW
COMMISSIONERS PETE TO SPEND
CERTAIN AMOUNT ON THE POR-
TAGE USED BY THOUSANDS.

Representatives McGhee and Ander-
SON have introduced bill in the legis-
lature at the request of the resort
owners on Eastwood Lake and others,
to allow Commissioner Pete to expend
not to exceed $1,000 in any one year
for the improvement Of the portage
between Fall and Eastwood Lakes.
Thousands Of people yearly use this
portage of about four miles in length
in their travels to the border lakes
country and the resorts on Eastwood.
An effort has been made to keep the
four miles in order but this was found
impossible with the existing traffic.
The portage is in Lake county but the
advantages accruing by the improve
ment are more for st. Louis county.
The bill introduced by Messrs. Nc
Ghee and Anderson reads as follows:
Section /. The board of county COM
missioners Of any county of this state
having an area exceeding 5000 square
miles may spend not to exceed ST. 10000
in any one year for the Improvement
of canoe portages in whole or in part
outside the limits of the county but
connecting lakes and streams within
the county with lakes or streams out
side the limits thereof but within any
other county Of this state"
Without doubt this bill will pass.
Improvement Of lakes and portages has
been asked Of the legislature for some
years past and this body has always
granted the requests. This bill will
enable the commissioner to spend some
money or the portage although in
another county, heretofore impossible
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-02-20

two cities. With 1000 ton per day
traffic, this means saving Of $500 per
day or $182,500 per year. This Will
pay the entire cost of grading, paving.
right-of-way, bridges and culverts, in
5k years.
On routes with less traffic, the saving
Is proportionately less, but since grad
ing on the average route costs only
about one third as much as the Lake
City Wabasha stretch, in many cases
the savings will pay for the road in
much less than five years Good roads
cost money but it is evident that poor
roads cost much more.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-02-20

Friday, February Is, holds no terrors
for the veteran Clerk of Court OF st.
Louis County, j. P. Johnson. On that
day he,celebrated his eightieth birthday
For thirty years he has been clerk OF
the court, having beeen elected for
nine consecutive terms to that Office.
Before that he was county treasurer
for eight years He had vacation ten
years ago after his deputies had viz
tually pushed him out of the office"
He is on the job all the time and takes
a peculiar view of public office when
he recently stated: THE people are
paying the bill and they have right
to expect public officials to be ION the
job" If a man is seeking a vacation
he should not seek public office to
take it." Notwithstanding his ad-
vanced years, Mr.. Johnson is hale and
hearty, fact his many friends
throughout the county are pleased to
know.