davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-12-12
DEMAND RELEASE
OF WHITE HOUSE
DEMONSTRATORS
Committee of Marchers
Protests to Judge
Who Gave Sentence

WASHINGTON, D. c., Dec. IL
One of the final tasks of the Hun
ger March in Washington was send
ing delegation of five to demand
the immediate and unconditional re-
lease of the fourteen workers ar
rested and sentenced to six months
imprisonment as the result of a dem
onstration before the White House in
support of a demand for food and
shelter for the Hunger Marchers.
The delegation consisted of J. Louis
Engdahl. general secretary, Inter
national Labor Defense; Rebecca
Grecht, Pittsburgh; Eugene Rivera,
West Virginia; Sophie Mazeika,
Cleveland; Eta Brown, Cleveland
and j. M. Lee, Detroit.
The delegation made its demand
upon Judge Isaac R. Hit who i'm
posed the savage six months Jail SEN
fences on the charge of unlawfully
parading without permit.
Numerous court attendants were
modified in the judges chambers
while the delegation made its pro-
test and demand.
I'VE raise this demand not only on
behalf of the 1,670 delegates in the
Hunger March itself, but also on
behalf of the masses OF jobless
workers they represent" declared
Engdahl, in demanding the right OF
the workers to the use OF the streets.
Rebecca Grecht and Eta Brown,
the latter a Negro woman delegate
also spoke. Although 1t was shown
that the case was still in his hands,
the Judge sought refuge In his claim
that the sentences had been appealed
and that therefore the case was now
out of his jurisdiction.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-12-12

boss was acquitted in ten minutes by
the boss court here although he had
brutally murdered Victor Rogers, a
Negro worker.
Medows shot down Rogers when
class by the boss court here when
the Negro worker demanded his
wages.
This is one of many cases, Negro
workers robbed of their already star
walton wages are deliberately shot
down, lynched and denied fair trials
for the crime" Of demanding their
pay.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-12-12

MARTINS FERRY, Ohio, Dec 1.-THE Ma
tional Hunger March on it's return from Wash
ington smashed through a 12-year's terror
here and was the center of huge denlonstra-
ton. This town has been closed to all workers
moblzatons since the great steel strike only by ter
rifle struggle it opened this time
Steel orkers and miners on the streets and
waited IN cold and rain for Column of the National Hunger
March to through The police had issued false reno
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-12-12

) snapped soon after the call for the
convention was issued and who is
still missing
The International Labor Defense
attorney is fighting thirty eviction
notices in the Glendon mine and have
succeeded in postponing the cases
until March. E. B. Payne has been
released on bond and all I. L. D. cases
are now out.
International Labor Defense and
Workers International Relief com
mittees are being elected in every
mine.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-12-12
A. F. L. Painters
Officials Slash
Union Wage Scale

ATLANTIC CITY, N. j., Dec. IL
Officials of the local here OF the
Brotherhood Of Painters, Decorators
and Paperhangers of America CA. F.
L. damned through the local meet
ing yesterday a motion to cut the
union wage scale from $1l.6o per day
to So. This merely legalizes the I'M
official wage cuts which have been
7oing on FOR long time and which
were not fought by the officials.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-12-12

) Fork OF Straight Greek are planning
to march to the convention, together
with the men, women and children
This is in answer to Mayor Brooks
OF Pineville that the convention is
rot welcome. The miners are deter
mined to hold their convention at
which date will be set for calling
of the strike.
The National Miners Union have
wired to the new governor, Laffoon,
demanding that Sheriff Blair return
Midsummer, active member of the
National Miners Union, who was kid
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-12-12
Field Organizers Report the Growth
OF Kentucky Natl Miners Union

PINEVILLE, KY, Dec. 1f.-At a
meeting in which twenty field or
ganizers participated, it was reported
that one hundred and seventy del
egates have already been elected from
thirty-nine mines in Harlan and Bell
counties, including five Negro del
egates. Hundreds OF miners and
their wives will visit the convention
which will be held here at the K. of
G. Hall on Dec. 10.
Miners from five mines in the Left
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-12-12
Boss Court Frees
Murderer of Negro
Is Within Ten Minutes

CARROLLTON, Miss, Dec. 1.-THE
southern lynch bosses. not satisfied
With lynching and railroading young
Negro workers to the chair on
ramed-up charges of rape as In the
ase Of the nine innocent Scottsboro
oys, added another to the list OF
heir outrages against the working
lass when George Medows, q white
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-12-12
NEWARK HEARS
,MARCHERS TODAY
Will Tell How Smashed
Jim Grow Rule

NEWARK, N. j., Dec. l1.-Em-
ployed and unemployed workers of
Newark will hear the report of their
delegates on the Washington Hunger
March Saturday at 2 p. nj. at SO
Broome st. Adult and young, Negro
and white. men and women delegates
who we're the Newark delegation on
the historical march to demand I'm
employment Insurance will give first
hand accounts of how the police chief
of Baltimore apologized publicly for
insulting a Negro worker, how the
Salvation Army tried to put one over
on the unemployed workers with
their sinking beans and how the
workers answered, etc.
Songs made up in the heat of the
march by the workers will be sung.
The marchers will explain the next
steps in the fight for Unemployment
Insurance and how 1t can be done.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-12-12
HUNGER MARCH
BROKE THROUGH;
ON WITH FIGHT.
BY HERBERT BENJAMIN

BY HERBERT BENJAMIN
The National Hunger March
broke through! 1t brok e
through the campaign of sill
ence, the campaign of threats,
the campaign of villification,
the campaign of intimidation,
the campaign of terror which
successfully followed one an
other and were combined in the
attempt to make this historic
action of the workers inpos-
siblei
STANDARDIZATION SCHEME
DEFEATED.
The determination of the
masses of unemployed and en-
ployed to force the government
and employers to provide in
surance at full wages for those
who through no fault of their
own are jobless, defeated all
efforts to stifle effective ex-
preston of this basic need.
The courage and tenacity of
the masses of dispossessed
toilers under revolutionary
leadership, overcame all obsta-
cles, surmounted all difficult
ties, endured the test of many
hardships and achieved its aim.
STRUCK DECISIVE BLOW.
BLOW.
A mighty blow has been
struck, a great advance has
been made. Unemployment
Insurance at full wages, at the
expense of the government and
employers, for all jobless and
part time workers, has been
placed upon the order of the
day as the principal issue for
the masses of American work
ers.
This demand has been
posted upon the walls of the
capitol. 1t has been slapped
on the desks of every sena-
tor and congressman. II
has penetrated through the
thick walls of the Capitol
and White House and the
thick ears of the agents of
the ruling-class who occupy
these seats of Wall Streets
government.
The capitalist press which
was used in advance Of the
March in the effort to disor-
ganize and discourage the
workers who rallied in support
of this vital action and to in
cite fascist attacks against the
Marchers, has been compelled
like those who own this press,
to retreat in the face of the
wave of mass support evoked
by the Hunger March as it
started towards Washington.
Even such an organ of the Hoover
Hunger government as the Washing
ton Star is forced to admit that mo
one could fail to feel sympathy for
the men and women who engaged in
this action" But in order to cover
their retreat and to discourage mass
struggle against hunger, this and
other capitalist sheets now try to con-
vince the masses, that the Hunger
CONTINUED ON, FACE. FIVE
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-12-12
FIVE THOUSAND DAILY WORKER
12-MONTH SUBSCRIPTIONS
BY JANUARY 9Th!

ers Ex-Servicemen's League also held
a protest meeting the same evening
at IS e. 4th T -'-'-~-----r--N
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-12-12
SMASH MARTINS
FERRY TERROR:
HAIL MARCHERS
Gas Bombs Smash Windshields of Trucks: Guns
Menace, But Workers Demonstrate

1000 Mass In Wheeling and Police Retreat;
Enthusiasm in All Mine and Steel Towns
Smyrna times., 1931-02-25
Something Lost When
"FaniIy Dinners" Went

This country should revive the
fine old custom of having family
dinners, when the extension table
was pulled out to its limit, rela-
tives or neighbors invited, and a
dinner fit for a king served. An ap-
peal for a revival of the art Of
eating was made at recent conven-
tion of grocers in New York.
The family dinner social custom
fiourished in the pioneer days. In
the modern day &C rush and hurry
it has lost out. 1t is too easy to
telephone the restaurant and or
der a dinner for a certain hour.
Most people can recall family
dinners where joy reigned and
sweet domestic peace was all
about. They helped make the
home the most popular place known
to members of the family, helped
build up family life and agreeable
understanding. The family dinner
has a place all its own and it
might be revived with good results.
Ohio State Journal.
Smyrna times., 1931-02-25
Precocity, or Coaching?

There are in existence but the
most meager threads of informa-
tion concerning the youth of Fran
els Bacon. Up TO his thirty-6rst
year there is scarcely one fact of
his life which is of Importance to
a biographer.
Upon one occasion Sir Nicholas
is said to have taken Francis to
court and presented him to the
queen. Elizabeth fondled his hair,
called him my young lord keep
er," and asked him his age. To this
question the child answered, Just
two years younger than your maj
esty's happy reign!" To some
biographers this precocious reply
has seemed a prophecy of Francis
Bacon's later skill at flattering roy
atty; to others. however, it seems
but a tribute to the coaching abil-
tiles of Sir Nicholas.-From "Slr
Francis Bacon" by Byron Steel.
Smyrna times., 1931-02-25
Secret of Caves

Scientists have been trying for
years to piece together the story of
the Mayas as revealed in the ruins
of their pyramids, temples and
monuments, and now the investiga-
tors are confronted with a new
problem, a series of vast caverns
in Yucatan which extend for
many miles. says Popular Mechan-
les Magazine. Pictures and in
scriptions on the walls indicate
that the caves have been visited
by human beings, but so far arch
eOlogists have been unable to de-
cipher the marks or establish the
time when they were carved. Were
the caverns used for burial places
or for religious rites? Science can
not tell. There is no evidence that
they were used for human habita-
ton, although this is a possibility.
Smyrna times., 1931-02-25
Vergil More Than Match
for "Devylls of HELP

There are several stories tell
ing how Vergil became acquainted
with the "devylls of hell" Accord
ing to one German legend, Vergil
was one day digging in his gar
den when he came upon a glass
filed with what appeared to be
wriggling earthworms. But voice
came from the glass begging Vergil
to open it and promising to teach
him many arts. Teach me the
arts" replied Vergil cannily, "and
/ will break the bottle and set you
free" So they taught him all they
knew, and when he opened the bot
tie, - devils crawled out and dis
appeared.
In another version a single devil
promised to give Vergil the
magical book of Solomon if he
would release him from the bottle.
Vergil did, but. frightened by the
size Of the liberated spirit, tricked
him into returning to the bottle in
the same way as the fisherman in
the Arabian Nights" tricked the
Jim. Surely you can't make
yourself as small as the bottle
again." said VergiI. Easily" re
piled the devil, and to prove it, re-
turned to the flask. Vergil prompt
~ put in the stopper and kept him
prisoner forever.-Baltimore Sun.
Smyrna times., 1931-02-25
Idea of the Lifeboat
Credited to Englishman

The first lifeboat to be stationed
an any coast in the world is said
to have been a cobble converted TO
the purpose by an English coach
builder, Lionel Lukin, in 1856. The
year before he had taken out a pat
ent for an ''insubmergible boat"
made out of Norwegian yawl. The
second boat was stationed at Bam-
borough, on the Yorkshire coast of
England where by permission of
Archdeacon Sharp a portion of the
castle was set aside as a watchtow-
er, from which Holy island could
be signaled whenever a vessel was
seen to be in distress. Lukin's
boat did good service and saved
many lives. After an appalling
shipwreck a quarter of a mile from
the coast at South Shields, in 1889,
a committee of South Shields in
habitants offered a prize for a
model lifeboat and Mr. Greathead
built the first actual lifeboat, nam
ing it the Original" When in
1890 another ship was wrecked in
almost the same spot, the Original
brought every one to safety, where
as in the shipwreck of 1889 all had
been drowned in sight of helpless
onlOOkers.
Smyrna times., 1931-02-25
EarIv American CoIonist

Edward Maria Winfield was an
English merchant and cOlonist in
America. He was born at Stone
ley. HuntingdOnshire. He served
in the English army, both in Ire
land and in the Low countries. Be
coming interested in schemes for
American colonization, he was one
Of those to whom the patent Of Vir-
ginia was granted, April 6. 1909. He
was the only one of the patentees
who sailed To America with the
first colonists, and was named in
tile sealed instructions a member
Of the council, Of which he was
elected the first president. He
quarreled with the other members
Of tile council. and with Capt. John
Smith in particular His CathOli-
ciSm threw suspicion upon his 10y
atty and he was soon deposed, both
from the council and governOrship,
in September, 1907. In 1908 he re
turned to England.
Smyrna times., 1931-02-25
Spider Has Well Been
Called Natural Marvel

1t is agreed by scientists that
the spider is supreme in cunning,
ruthless ferocity, inventiveness and
courage. Careful study of various
kinds of spiders has shown an in
telligence that leaves mankind
amazed, and their engineering skill
and inventive ability is far greater
than that of the average human.
A silken thread spun by a spider
is often as thin as thirty-two mil
lionths of an inch in diameter. If
it were enlarged two thousand
times it would be as big as an or
dinary horsehair. Human hair en-
Iarged the same number of times
is six and a half inches in diam
eter. With this transparent wisp
of line, spiders are able to bind ami
mails several thousand times bigger
than themselves. for they attack
tadpoles, frogs, lizards and bats.
A small ringed snake, nine
inches long. was found trapped by
a spider. The spider, its body
hardly bigger than a goodsized
pea, had spun a web in the form
of an inverted cone, from the top
of which hung a silken cable. The
snake was suspended by this cable
still alive. its mouth muZZled with
multiple strands of web and its
tail tied by siIken cord.-LOndon
Tit-Bits.
Smyrna times., 1931-02-25
Handball Irish Pastime

Handball originated in Ireland
about 1000 years ago, and is often
considered one of the national
games of that country. 1t is now
played by more men in America
than anywhere else in the world.
The first scientific handban player
was really developed about 1850,
when William Baggs of Tipperary
originated new ways of hitting the
ball in curves, low drives and screw
tosses. The first international
match ever played was the Lawlor-
Casey match. in 1887. with the prize
of 81 600 for the best of q games.
10 in Cork and IL in the United
States. Lawlor won games TO 4
in Cork. and Casey won Z straight
in New York. Casey retained his
title against all comers until 1900,
when he retired. Since 1900 the
game has developed in two sep
arate games, a one-wall game and
a four-wall game, both of which
are played by amateurs in singles
and doubles.
Smyrna times., 1931-02-25
Jiuiutsu Of Chinese Origin?

'Nfy old teacher told me-" recalls
Taro Miyeake, Japanese exponent
of jiujutsu, in an interview in the
Atlanta Journal, that jiujutsu is
development of the old Chinese
method of fighting with the fingers
extended. This was very dan
gerous and skillful system. A man
Strengthened out his fingers stiffly
and jabbed with them, preferably
for the eyes. Failing to reach the
ewes. he sought various nerve CEN
ters on the body.
when the japanese took up the
science, more than 1000 years ago,
they began to improve ii. Instead
of jabbing for the eyes they grad
ually developed a system of lev
erages that would work against
bones and nerve centers."
Smyrna times., 1931-02-25
Windsor Chairs

Should you have windsor chair.
writes Catherine Shellabarger in
the Brooklyn Eagle Magazine. re-
member it was brought into vogue
by King George l of England. King
George. talking to one of his farm
er subjects. admired the humble
seat on which he sat, the back of
which was made of slender spin
dies. He thought so much of the
chair that he ordered a set made
for his palace at Windsor and so
established the popularity of the
windsor chair. Among famous Amer
leans who were partial to Windsor
chairs was Thomas Jefferson. On
this chair, with wide arms that
served as a writing desk. and which
also had a double seat. he is said
10 have written the first draft of the
Declaration of independence.
Smyrna times., 1931-02-25
Kamehameha's CONQUEST

After King Kamehameha had
gained control of his own island,
Hawaii, he was eager to rule the
whole group. He first conquered
the Island of Maui, then Molokai.
after which he sailed for Oahu,
landing at Waikiki. In February,
1895. The Oahu soldiers were
posted in Nuuanu valley and here
the great battle was fought. The
enemy, or Oahu men, were driven
over the pail. Kauai and Niihau
were later ceded to him and in this
way he brought all the islands un-
der his guidance or rule.-Wash-
ingtOn Evening Star.
Smyrna times., 1931-02-25
Scycnth-DaY Believers

The name Seventh Day Advent
ists," which is the official designa-
tion of a Christian sect, refers to
two different beliefs or doctrines.
"Adventism" is the doctrine that
the second coming of Christ and
the end of the world are near at
hand, and an Adventist is one who
believes in this doctrine. Seventh
day" refers TO the fact that the
Seventh Day Adventists also be-
Heve that the seventh day of the
week rather than the first is the
true Sabbath. and accordingly they
regard Saturday as the Sabbath.
Smyrna times., 1931-02-25
English Poppy Fields

The poppies not only bloom In
Flanders fields. There is a great
roppyland in England. Right be-
side the cold North sea, stretch
ing for miles and miles between
and about ruined church tower and
ancient manor house. encircling the
villages about the Norfolk broads
and near to the city of Norwich.
you will find the warm colors which
make a Californian envious. 1t has
been called the Holland of England,
for It has inland seas. windmills,
dykes and poppies. This great
pOppyland. like others that we
know. is in the most restful sense.
the most charming sense, a gar
jen of sleep and its silent fields
and fens are beautiful.
Smyrna times., 1931-02-25
Origin OF Expression
"That Beats the Dutch"

IAN American Glossary" by
Thornton, gives examples of the use
of the expression THAT beats the
Dutch" as early as 1775, the line
Our cargoes Of meat, drink and
cIoaths beat the Dutch" appearing
in a Revolutionary Song" by Bar
lett of that date. In the Philadel-
phia Public Ledger of February O.,
1887, occurs this statement: THAT
beats the Dutch. saith the proverb !;
meaning that, as the Dutch beat
Old Nick, it is something or
an exploit to beat them" Vizetelly
and De Bekkers Deskbook of Idi-
oms states that the phrase origl-
mated in the days when bitter en-
nifty prevailed between the Dutch
and other nations. In this connec-
tion. however, it is worthy of no.
tice that most of the expressions
that arose out of the struggle be-
tween the English and the Dutch
in the Seventeenth century were
derogatory or derisive; among
these are Dutch courage; to talk
double Dutch; Dutch comfort
I'm a Dutchman if | do; Dutch
treat; Dutch gold! talk like a
Dutch uncle" The saying THAT
beats the Dutch" is not derogatory
and is an American and not an
English one, so that it possibly ex-
presses admiration for the fighting
qualities of the Dutch in their long
struggle with Spain and later with
England. Again, as the name
dutch" is also applied to Ger
mans, it may be a reference to the
German mercenary troops of Colo
NAL days.
Smyrna times., 1931-02-25
Six Simple Principles
for the Argumentative

The six principles of effective ar
gument might be worded in many
ways, but stated in very simple
terms they are:
l. Don't try to do all the talk
ing. Remember your opponent
wants to talk just as badly as you
do. Give the other fellow chance.
2. Don't interrupt your oppo-
nent's talk with a cOunter-argu-
ment.
3. Do not assume an argumenta-
tive, dogmatic attitude. Don't wear
boxing gloves.
4. Ask questions in pleasant,
inquiring tone during the first half
of the argument.
5. Restate clearly and fairly in
a very few words OF your own the
gist of each argument your oppo-
nent advances as soon as he ad-
vances it.
6. When you reply, stick hard to
the subject. Bring out the key is
sue and stick to it. Don't digress
and don't let your opponent digress.
In explaining the application of
these principles l wish to empha-
size first of all that the only way
you can get their full benefit is to
paste them in your mental hatband
and use them consciously, deliber-
ately. Most persons who use them
at all apply them unconsciously
And most persons who violate them
are unaware that they are doing so.
If you do not practice them until
they become a habit you will forget
and will not use them at all.-Al-
bert E. NNiggam in the American
Magazine.
Smyrna times., 1931-02-25
Ancient City of BerRamo

One of the most picturesque
towns of Lombardy in Italy is the
ancient little city of Bergamo,
perched on a conspicuous hill and
still redolent of the days when the
Venetians made it one of their
fortreSses. 1t is quaint and
crooked place with many inserest-
ing buildings. The church of Santa
Maria Naggiore. dating in part
from 1877, has excellent Roman
esque work of black and white
marble During the greater part
of its history Bergamo belonged
to the state of Venice. having ac-
quired the city from Milan in 1928
and retaining it until 1897.
Smyrna times., 1931-02-25
Division of Virginia

The social conditions in western
Virginia were entirely unlike those
existing in the eastern portion of
the state. The rugged nature of
the country made slavery unprofit-
able, but as time wore on the So
cial, political. and economic differ
ences between the eastern and west
ern parts. that were then Virginia.
became more pronounced. In 1776
a petition was presented to con
gress for the establishment of
'Westsylvania" on the ground that
the mountains made an almost i'm
passable barrier between the west
and the east. The Civil war finally
furnished the occasion for separa.
tlon of West Virginia from Vir
ginia.
Smyrna times., 1931-02-25
Close Acquaintance

Mrs. $ had gone down to
her precinct voting place to vote.
She noticed another woman also
waiting.
1--WE always voted straight
ticket before" Mrs. $ told the
woman. bat this year don't think
| will. because I don't think much
of Mr.. - of that party. Do you
know much about him?"
"WelI. rather" faplied the wom-
&c. You see, I'm married to him ~
Smyrna times., 1931-02-25
Furniture of Aluminium

Chairs are being extensively
made from an alloy into which
aluminium enters very largely and
it is said that they have the
strength of the steel and weigh
less than. half of a similar chair
made Of wood. For use on air.
planes they are stronger than
the wicker furniture now in use
and consume less space. The lat
ter Is an important consideration.