davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Carolina watchman. [volume] (Salisbury, N.C.) 1871-1937, 1931-10-08
100000 Jobless Workers In United States

Fire strikes in a more personal way in
homes, for it takes a toll OF 5000
livesi in dwellings and 1900 Of these
casualties are among, children under
10 years of age. The unexplainable
part of this is that fires occur from
numerous preventable causes and it j,
therefore important for the head of
every family to do his share in pre-
venting them.
Here are a few suggestions for
making both life and property safer
from the ravages of fire:
Begin by clearing Out all useless
material and rubbish.
Clean chimneys, Aues and pipes of
SCOT.
Don't make your own electric in
stallations or repairs, or overload the
line because you need more base plugs.
An experienced electricians service is
cheapest and safest in the end. Al
ways use proper fuses. Disconnect all
electrical devices when not in use.
Dispose of matches and smoking
materials carefully.
Gasoline and other volatile liquids
are dangerous cleaning fluids. Use on
ly safe compounds.
Look for gas leaks with a flash
light-never is a flame light. Soap
suds applied to the suspected place
will reveal the leak by bubbles.
walls, ceilings and partitions
should be shielded from stoves, fur
naces and pipes.
use only fire-restrictive materials
and leave no open places back of walls
when building or remodcling a struc-
ture.
open fireplaces should always be
screened and gas lights turned off
tightly when not in use.
use metal AN for ashes.
Learn where the nearest fire alarm
box is located and what to do in case
of fire.
Remember what Benjamin Frank
lin one said, An ounce of prevention
is worth a pound of cure That goes
for fire, too"
Carolina watchman. [volume] (Salisbury, N.C.) 1871-1937, 1931-10-08
St, Marks Church
Will Be Dedicated
At Sunday Service

Sunday, Oct. 18th, is the day set
aside for the dedication of St. Marks
Lutheran church seven miles from
Salisbury on the Lincolnton road. An
all-day service will be held with din
ner on the ground. At the II o'clock
service the pastor, E. R. Trexler, who
assumed charge of the Rowan pastor
ate, composed of Mt. Moriah and St.
Marks congregations, on Oct. 1st,
will be installed In the afternoon
the church, built in 1924 will be
dedicated. A number of former pas
tors are expected to be present. The
following is the program of the day
services:
Morning worship, 1900.
Prelude, hymn.
Solo, Prayer Perfect, Mrs. Roy KIM
ball, China Grove.
Hymn.
Sermon. DR.. ]. L. Morgan, Presi-
dent N. c. Synod.
Installation of pastor Trexler.
Benediction.
AFTERNOON SERVICE
Dedicatory service in charge of DR..
Morgan.
Anthem-The Lord Reigneth.
Dedicatory sermon by Rev. ]. S.
Wesinger who served the church when
built.
Benediction,
Carolina watchman. [volume] (Salisbury, N.C.) 1871-1937, 1931-10-08
Finds Negro Babies
Slower To Develop

New York.-Negro infants deve-
lop somewhat more slowly than do
white babies, it is indicated by "a
study of babies of both races made
in Tallahassee, Fla, by Myrtle B.
of Columbia University.
This finding contradicts a notion that
the Negro develops more rapidly in in
fancy and early childhood, but attains
his maximum development earlier
than does the white child. The study
is reported in a current issue of
Genetic Psychology Monographs.
The babies tested were selected at
{? from the infant population Of
Tallahassee.
Carolina watchman. [volume] (Salisbury, N.C.) 1871-1937, 1931-10-08
Hay-Fever Test Fails
To Find Lasting Cure

Chicago.-Now that hayfever days
are over, the story can be told.
Experiments conducted with more
than a hundred men and women suf-
fering with the affection at the Uni
versity of Illinois Research Hospital
failed in at least one respect.
The patients, given eight-hour turns
in the pollen-free, eight-bed ward,
were relieved of their suffering as
long as they were in the room. As
soon as they stepped into the open
again their resistance lasted only until
they took the first sniff of untampered
air.
Carolina watchman. [volume] (Salisbury, N.C.) 1871-1937, 1931-10-08
TRUCK DRIVERS
CASES WILL BE
A THIS A. M.

The county court will today hear
the three cases against John Helms,
R. H. Helms and C. A. Helms, charg-
ed with the operation of trucks on
the state highway with excess ton
mage.
According to the warrants issued
against these men, they are charged
with operating trucks with more than
ten tons for vehicle and load.
The defendants are from Monroe
and are engaged in the drayage bust
ness. At the time Of the arrest they
were shipping a load of lard from
Charlotte to Danville, it is stated.
Carolina watchman. [volume] (Salisbury, N.C.) 1871-1937, 1931-10-08
On Full, Deaf
Man Draws IS Fine

Hangerstown, Md.-A radio Turn
ed on full until 2 o'clock in the morn
ing, even for the benefit of a deaf
man, constitutes a disturbance of the
peace here.
Magistrate Richard H. Sweeney so
declared here and fined Charles House,
Jr., IS. He also advised House, who
is deaf, to get earphones so the score
of neighbors who complained against
him would not be annoyed further.
Carolina watchman. [volume] (Salisbury, N.C.) 1871-1937, 1931-10-08
USUAL FALL GAIN
LACKING; DISMAL
PR0SPECTSFACED
Clothing Trades Show
Improvement But I'm
employment Increased
In Construction Work.

There are now around 900
jobless workers in the United States
with little prospect for improvement
in the employment situation, accord
ing to the monthly report on nnem-
ployment by William Green, =. esi-
dent of the American Federation of
Labor.
1.-THE usual fall gain in employment
has not yet occurred this year." Pres
ident Green says. "In normal years,
according to our figures, unemploy-
ment has usually reached its lowest
point by August or September. But
the number III of work this fall, &C
cording to trade union records, is still
we'll above spring level.
Our final figures for August show
more out of work than in July, al
though preliminary reports had sug-
gested a possible improvement. And
the preliminary figures for the first
half of September show another slight
increase in unemployment. Industrial
unemployment has increased steadily
since May. Our weighted figures since
the spring low point are as follows:
May, III per ent unemployed; June,
1s.2 per cent; July, 1873 per cent;
August %(final), 1872 per cent; Sep
TENDER preliminary, 1875 per cent.
without the usual fall gain in en-
ployment, prospects for the winter are
even more serious. There is little hope
for further improvement this year.
Farmers also laid off some of their
help in September with the end of sum-
me- harvesting, so that in agriculture
and industry unemployment has in
creased by about $4,000 from July
to September, and we estimate hat
nearly 100000 in the United States
are now without work.
Some trades, however, show sea-
sonable improvement. In. clothing
trades IS per cent of those unemPloy-
ed in August are now back, at work,
alrnougn ~ per cent of the member
ship are still unemployed. This is en-
couraging for clothing workers, but
their season is short. A few other trades
showed very slight gains-food indus
tries, manufacturing, service indus
tries, street transportation. But unem-
ployment increased in building, metal
trades, on railroads and in water trans
portation, counteracting the gains in
other industries.
Some trades are suffering especial
ly. In building unemployment has been
increasing since June and 81 per cent
arc now out of work. The water
transport trades, longshoremen and
seamen, have 50 per cen out of work,
in metal trades 81 per cent are unem-
ployed and in manufacturing so per
cent. In printing there has been as
yet no change for the better.
THE report for cities shows unem-
ployment increasing in -, employ
ment better in 10 and no change in
one.
THE situation is reported as espe-
cially bad in Chicago, Jersey City,
Cleveland, Baltimore, Boston: Ph.la-
delphia, Detroit, and Birmingham"
Carolina watchman. [volume] (Salisbury, N.C.) 1871-1937, 1931-10-08
Third Set Of Teeth
Gusts False Ones

Ladysmith, Wis.-Ray Quillan,
plumber, dropped into his dentists
today to report that he was finally
getting so he could eat with his new
false teeth.
The dentist looked into his mouth
"You might as we'll throw the
plates away" said the dentist. you're
cutting a third set of teeth"
The same dentist had pulled Quill
lan's milk teeth and his later "perman-
nent" ones. He is now waiting for
a chance at set No. ;.
Carolina watchman. [volume] (Salisbury, N.C.) 1871-1937, 1931-10-08
FOOTBALL RESULTS
STATE
A O; Vanderbilt -.

n
Carolina 0; Vanderbilt -.
Duke -; V. M. l. 0.
State 0; Florida "a.
Davidson J; W. and L. 0.
Wake Forest &; Furman So.
Elon 0; George Washington 49,.
Guilford 0; Randolph-Macon 7.
High Point 0; Appalachian 20.
Catawba s; Atlantic University O..
Lees-McRae 0; Belmont ].
SOUTHERN CONFERENCE
Georgia 40; V. P. I. 0.
Georgia Tech IS; South Carolina -
Maryland 7; Virginia 6.
Tennessee ~; Clemson o.
Tulane 7; Texas Aggies o.
Sewanee O.; Southwestern=o, =
Kentucky 10; Maryville O..
Carolina watchman. [volume] (Salisbury, N.C.) 1871-1937, 1931-10-08
Dinner
Costs Four $40

1slip, L. -Four Bay Shore youths
George Dennis, Frank Lorden, Nick
Meade and Aubrey La France-want-
ed cheap turkey dinner, so they took
a live bird to Brentwood Inn, %persuad-
ed the cook t prepare it, then enjoy
ed it, gravy and all. Today they paid
$40 for that dinner in Justice Cubes
court. The turkey was stolen.
Carolina watchman. [volume] (Salisbury, N.C.) 1871-1937, 1931-10-08
Says Music Soothes
His Restless Cattle

San Joes, Texas.-Even COWS have
a sense of musical appreciation, B. R.
Stedham believes.
After Stedham installed a loud
speaker in his barn he noticed that
COWS are more contented if the radio
is going.
The most belligerent COW won't
stand still for milking quits under
the soothing melody of a Strauss
waltz, Stedham reports. He also re-
ports that his milk supply has been
increased from eight to ten gallons
daily because of the radio. The music
also affects the mixers, he says, and
the work of milking is done more
quickly to music.
Carolina watchman. [volume] (Salisbury, N.C.) 1871-1937, 1931-10-08

A peculiar thing about knowledge
is that it makes one conscious Of so
much ignorance.
Carolina watchman. [volume] (Salisbury, N.C.) 1871-1937, 1931-10-08

Wheat-eating drops Sc pounds per
capita in so years.
Carolina watchman. [volume] (Salisbury, N.C.) 1871-1937, 1931-10-08

Chilean planes bomb navy mutt
neers into submission at Coquimbo.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-22

The city may be far larger when fully revealed.
When Mr. Blom exploded SINGLE large ter
raced mound in the center of the city he found
in it no less than 10 highly important mono
liths, great tablets of stone with carvings on
them. On the stone monuments are cut hui
man figures showing the types of people who
lived in Uxmal centuries ago. and on some of
the tablets, too are bands of hieroglyphics
cording dates in the Magyar method of stringing
together series of picture symbols.
A dramatic incident had happened on this
monument hill at some unknown time, Mr..
Bloms researches showed. In the center of
the terrace on which the monuments once stood
was deep hole, like shell hole. The monu-
ments had been thrown out from this hole on
all sides. From this it is inferred that treas
ure hunter went hunting at this site with dyna-
mite, at some time. If so, the vandal seeker for
gold failed to realize that the carved stones all
about him were a find of great interest, though
not the financial haul he was seeking.
Monuments with their carved inscriptions
prove that Uxmal was in existence 500 AID.
Heretofore the city has been thought to date
from the year 1907 AID Reading the
found inscriptions, therefore, was like adding
five centuries to the age of the city all at one
stroke.
Mr.. Blom's explorations at Uxmal carried
him off in some tours of scouting around the
fringes of the unknown ruins. And there, too,
he found the unexpected. Twenty-three groups
Of buildings not heretofore recognized were
found off in the jungle growth away from the
cleared section. All of which shows that Uxmal
is not only older city than anybody thought,
but a much larger one.
RY the time Father Cogoludo came to Uxmal
and wrote his description of the nunnery,
the city was abandoned, though he told q
good deal about its grandeur and its history.
The Spaniard climbed up the steep way to the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-22

top of the temple by the nunnery and found
there some Of the figures of the gods which the
Indians had worshiped. Indians were stiu
worshiping these idols, the priest feared, for
he found offerings of copal incense and cacao
which had been made there not long before
his visit.
Even today Uxmal is place Of religious rev.
erence and fear to the modern natives Of Yucca
tan. The ancient houses of Uxmal are invoked
in prayer Of an Indian ceremony to the gods
of the harvest.
Natives of the region still live nearby in al
most the same manner as did their ancestors
who built the magnificent temples and cities.
But they do not live within the ancient ruins
themselves, and sometimes 1t is hard to per-
suade them even to work there. For they have
their legends and stories, passed down from
father to son through the ages.
And at the Temple of the Magician and the
nunneryr rumor says, the carvings on the walls
become animated at night and walk abroad.
And that, like other paradoxes of Uxmal is said
to be because Uxmal, the religious, was not re-
hgicus enough.
The old story goes that the god who reigned
in the Temple of the Magician was long patient
with his people when they neglected him. At
length. however, his patience was outworn and
he angrily turned the population of the city
into stone, and waved them up to the walls to
serve as decorations for the buildings. There
they remain, except that at evening they are
set free to wander forlorn and silent about the
ruins Of their beautiful. lost city. -
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-22

THE experiments of the old Indian architects
in their search for beautiful effects recall
the skillfu handling Of perspective by the
Greeks. Scholars long ago pointed out that one
of the secrets Of beauty of the Parthenon at
Athens lay in the slanting of the corner col
umns inward and the bulge of the columns.
Another discovery made by Mr.. Bloms expe-
dition serves to explain how the Magyar build
ers constructed their arches. With all their
cleverness in some respects, they never learned
how to complete a true arch with keystone.
together, two piles of books might be slipped
into arch form, and to complete the arch they
filled the gap by capstone on top The sup
position has been that the builders put up a
scaffold when they set about building an arch.
But the new discovery is that the Indian work.
men did not need a scaffold They weighed the
stones of the wall and arch with the poured
concrete fill of the center of the wall itself.
The main entrance to the nunnery quad
rangle is a fine corbel arch of the sort, more
than Is feet in width.
The city which built so magnificent nun
merry for its temple maidens was of the
leading cities of the Magyar empire in Yucatan.
1t is today city that is well known and that
is probably very little known.
This paradox is explained by the fact that
many Of Uxmals ruins stand well above ground
and are so beautiful that they have become IA
nous, yet at the same time comparatively little
excavating has been done to find out what may
lie hidden beneath the ruins or beyond them.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-22
q WHERE AMERICAS VESTAL VIRGINS
8 TENDED SACRED FIRES OF WORSHIP
a, Long Before the Days Of Cort2 and Columbus Maya Indians Of
lYucatan Built Huge Palaces and Temples One Of the Most
Beautiful Being the Eigh-E igh Room House Of the Nuus

eologist and specialist in Magyar affairs, has
spent some time at Uxmal studying the ruins
Cells that were occupied by Indian nuns when
the city was living thing have again been
occupied, this time by members of a twentieth
century scientific expedition. The stone-walled
rooms were cool and comfortable, they reported
The staff set to work measuring and photo
graphing all the buildings of the nunnery
quadrangle Casts of the sculpture were
taken, and 10 architectural drawings were
made to provide detailed plans of the entire
structure.
While the architect of the expedition, Prof.
J. Herndon Thomson of Tulane University was
studying the nunnery and examining other
ruins about the city, he made some surprising
new discoveries. These discoveries show that
the builders of Uxmal had mastered some Of
the most subtle tricks OF the architectural trade,
so to speak. Tricks of perspective applied in
UxmalS buildings are as Clever as those prac-
ticed by the temple designers of ancient Greece.
Thus it is now shown that the Maya under
stood the false perspective, an architectural
feature which has come to our knowledge only
in recent times.
Explaining this, Mr.. Blom says that the four
buildings of the nunnery appear to form rec
tange, but in reality they are not so. The
south front of the nunnery court is wider than
the north. And the side buildings are built so
that the north end of each one is slightly raised.
To the onlooker the court appears square-cut.
as it would not, paradoxically, if it were really
built square and on the level.
Then, too, the deliberately carved friezeS on
the nunnery building tilted outward. This
makes it more convenient for the onlooker to
observe and enjoy the fine carvings. AT the
same time, the tilt produces deeper shadows,
which bring the carvings into holder relief.
Earlier archaeological expeditions, Mr. Blom
explained, have shown that Mayan artists used
paint in connection with carved friezes in order
to emphasize shadow and relief.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-22

all of worked stones, where there are brought
out figures OF armed men in bas-relief, di-
verSity of animals birds, and other things, and
1t has not been made out who were the artificers,
nor how they worked in this land. All of the
four fronts of the buildings of that patio are
encircled by a snake worked in the same stone
as the walls, the tail terminating under the
head, and being in all its circuit 400 feet"
AS you can see, the Spaniards who discovered
the Magyar and Aztec country had very small
realization of the abilities Of the natives they
had encountered. The Europeans could scarcely
imagine the natives building and carving in
stone so skilfully without tools other than stone
blades. Nor had the civilized Europeans any
idea that the Americans they came to conquer
and to teach really had a calendar more exact
than any in Europe, and other scientific knowl
edge worthy Of respect.
PUT the nunnery did command the interest
and wonder of the Spanish writer, and to-
day even in its ruined state the nunnery is so
beautiful an example of prehistoric American
architecture and of such romantic interest be-
sides that it has been selected to represent the
Magyar age at the Chicago Worlds Fair of 1888.
Several acres Of land have been set aside for
this purpose. On this land, Psychologists and
architects to build copy of the nunnery
quadrangle, with as much of the atmosphere of
Mayan city of a thousand years ago as they
can capture and reproduce.
AS first step toward this project Tulane
University expedition led by Frans Blom, arch
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-22
BY EMILY c. DAVIS.

III sand years ago.
/ ~ Like the vestal virgins of ancient
Rome, the virgins of ancient America
served the temple of deity. Their
chief duty, as the name implies was to tend
the sacred fire. and woe to the maiden who let
the fire die out while she was its guardian.
Death by arrows was the penalty.
These American vestals were Indian girls of
the Magyar race. They wore cotton robes and
sandals, and ornaments of jade and gold and
turquoise, and doubtless, also garlandS of gay,
exotic flowers, for their home was in the
tropics in the Peninsula of Yucatan, Southern
Mexico.
The Indian vestals people of impor-
lance. In the cities of the Maya, built by
patient workmen who learned to pile up great
stone edifices and to carve and paint them
most deliberately, the temples were the chief of
all buildings. The entire Magyar government
was theocracy, in which priests held positions
of great power. All the astronomy and the
learned writings at which the priests labored
were inextricably mixed up with the affairs of
the gods and the gods viii for the people In
such cities naturally, the temples were the
most conspicuous and most important centers
of activity. The stone temples, beautifully
carved and brightly painted, were set high on
pedestals SHAPED like pyramids, so that the
temple might appear remote and lofty and a
fitting resting pace for the gods. 1t was in
such temples as this that the Indian VestalS
held their important posts.
I'm one city OF the Mayas, the Indian temple
maidens seem particularly real. That city is
Uxmal, pronounced Oosh-mahl. At Uxmal
stands a nunnery where large community OF
temple maidens lived. The stone cells where
they slept and worked at their tasks and the
court where they walked still to be entered
and examined by the traveller who goes adven-
turing to the ruins of Yucatan.
The old nunnery consists of four long build
ings set around large courtyard. The build
tngs contain SO cells and rooms.
Close by the quadrangle of the nuns rises
tall pyramid base, and on this stands the
temple where the maidens performed their
duties. The pyramid is confused mass
OF stones, weeds and trees But in its day it
was an impressive monument with a stone
staircase, no less than 70 feet wide leading to
the temple perched on the top. Up 80 steps to
the sanctuary you can imagine the maidens
climbing with dignity bearing garlands,
sacrifices, carrying the container of the sacred
fire. or escorting a procession of the priests.
The temple of the maidens is called nowadays
the House of the Magician or the House of the
Dwarf, not for any historic reason, but because
of long native legend which associates the
ruins with a dwarf an old woman, and much
magic. All of the well known ruins of Uxmal
have such picturesque names bestowed by
modern explorers and natives. Uxmal has
among its ruins a governors palace a house
of the old woman, house of the pigeons and
o house of the turtle.
OF all the ruins OF the city only one building
Is labeled with historic certainty. That one Is
the nunnery.
An old Spanish manuscript written with the
Gid of some ancient documents long since
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-22

vanished, tells of the nunnery and the maidens
who lived there who were like the Vestal vir-
gins of Rome. This Spanish historian, Father
Diego Cogolludo, writing in the wandering style
that characterized so much of the early Spanish
writing about America, said:
In Uxmal there is a large patio with many
rooms separated in the form of a cloister where
these virgins lived. 1t is work worthy of adj
miration, because the exterior of the walls is
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-22

Up 90 steps Of the magnificent staircase
the mGidens climbed, bearing garIands
and gifts for the gods, keeping the
sacred flame burning on the altar, Uith
their oCn Hpes as bond for performance
of this duty.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-25

CHEVROLET 1927 ROADSTER-Good con-
dition; only $40. Nolan Motor Co.. iii 18th
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-25
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