davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-03

No matter how good your backing
your reputation as a driver hinges on
how you go forward.
If the battery is run down, don't let
any one sell you tonic" to pep 1t up.
To put anything on this order into
the cells will mean voiding the battery
manufacturer guarantee. Some Of
these "dopes" will ruin good battery
that is temporarily discharged. Every
woman awheel owes it to herself to
strive for good carkeeping. and this
means avoiding the products that do
not have the approval Of the industry.
II you are tirnid about driving in
trahic, 1t is a good plan to simplify
matters by keeping in second gear.
Most Of the seconds on modern cars
are reasonably silent, and some Of them
are geared low enough so that there is
no risk Of straining the clutch II the
car is started in this combination in
trahic with a light lead. Keeping in
second enables you TO concentrate on
watching the street. 1t will also aid
you in bringing the car to quick stop.
Holding your foot lightly on the brake
pedal will put the stop signal into serv-
Ice as a handy backing light at night.
I have been hearing stories Of wild
driving by women The men who re-
cited them to me honestly believed that
women as class are getting to be ultra
reckless at the weel but it was inter
esting to note that these critics failed
70 draw any general conclusions about
male drivers from the behavior Of any
single members Of the male contingent.
If one woman errs at the wheel. she
Il rated as typical of woman drivers
In general. II one man errs, he's just
q reckless devil.
It seems 10 me that the solution to
this gasoline form Of injustice is for
women 70 try 20 make their driving
above reproach. take my hat OF 70
the woman who risked loss of title as
lady when she bawled out one of her
own sex for foolhardy act awheel.
Hollywood is said to be four years
ahead in fashions. 1t is encouraging 70
note that most Of the screen actresses
have their driving photos taken with
the left arm on top of the window sill
as it should be. Apparently women are
going TO be sensible in their driving OF
the future.
I know a motorist who discharged
his chauffeur because the latter wouldn't
break the habit Of keeping his left arm
IN this position. Women are more SEN
Wible about 1t. They realize that 1t is
Important to have all the freedom pos
sible for the left arm when an erner-
gency movement of the steering wheel
e called for.
We are covering UP the radiator OF
the modern automobile with 50 many
screens, shutters and chromium TRIM
nlings that Il isn't any wonder most
women who drive are not on very init
mate terms with the core Of the radi-
ator. Yet this part Is very important
TO any woman who wants TO get the
best results from her car.
The core will need occasional clean
ing out with q weak solution Of hot
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-03
AUTOMOBILE DRIVES
OUT CAMEL IN AFRICA
Ship Of the Desert to Be Among
the Unemployed Due to
Good Roads.

Industrial workers are not the only
ones being replaced by machinery. The
camel, as we'll as the human pack
carrier, will soon be looking for new
Jobs in Africa.
A report of the automotive division
of the United States Department of
Commerce indicates that modern roads
are penetrating some of the darkest
parts of Africa, where heretofore only
the big game hunter and the ivory
gatherer have ventrred, and automo-
biles are carrying products Of industry
to people hitherto little touched by
the modern world.
The new highways will stimulate
demands not only for automotive prod
ucts but for a wide range of other
industrial products, the report indi-
Gates. An example of how American
industry has graSped the new oppor-
tunities in Africa is indicated in a
recent speech in Paris by G. E. Arnott,
president of the Vacuum Oil Co.,, who
described the organization for distri-
buting mobiloil in Africa.
The traveller who pushes down from
Morocco through Mauretania, Senegal,
the Ivory Coast, the Gold Coast,
Nigeria, Cameron, the Belgian Kongo,
and Angola, and even into the prinni-
tive interior villages, finds this Amer
lean product wherever he goes, Mr..
Arnott declared. In South Africa,
Madagascar, Abyssinia, Egypt and the
Sudan this motor oil is everywhere in
evidence, he stated
The Nile and the Kongo are now
linked by a road. A new 6OO-mile
road from Alexandria to Luxor is pro-
jected and another is to be built to Tim
buctoo, the Department of Commerce
bulletin states. The United States ex-
ported automotive products amount
Ing to millions of dollars to Africa in
recent years, and the developments of
further roads should materially in
crease these exports, 1t is stated.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-03
ROAD WIDTH PUZZLES
HIGHWAY ENGINEERS
Margin Of Safety Chief Factor in
All Construction Work,
Builders Find.

Road builders once upon a time were
largely concerned with only one d.
mension Of the road, and that was
length. Automobiles have changed the
ways Of looking at many things install
ment buying. for instance-and now
engineers consider not only length, but
thickness and width.
Road builders, being engineers, have
taken nothing for granted, which has
resulted in the placement of highway
construction on high plane in general
In pavement building thickness is given
careful attention, and the pavement'
are designed, with a large margin Of
safety, to stand up under the expected
trafic flow. Also in pavement building
the matter Of width Is Of prime 1mpor-
lance.
How wide should q pavement be Is
question that can only be answered by
giving consideration to the number OF
vehicles that will use 1t. In many
cases pavements are being built for four
to eight trafic lanes wide. And on the
other hand, where funds and trafac are
limited, the engineer may determine
that the pavement that serves purely
local traffic need be only one lane VIDE
a width varying from to 10 feet.
These narrow pavementS, which are
becoming increasingly popular IN farm
ing areas, have demonstrated that tnsy
are of ample width to take care OF local
traf1c. Because they are only han the
width of the ordinary pavement, nearly
twice the mileage of single lane pave
ments can be built with the money re-
quired to construct the shorter mlleaSe
Of full width pavements.
At first thought it might appear that
single lane pavements constitute only
half q road. However, an analysis OF
driving conditions along these ROADS
with typical rural trafic volumes indl-
Gates that they very nearly approach
the efficiency Of two-lane roads.
With Q burden Of 900 cars per day
on q single lane pavement, the average
trafic fow for 1O-hour day will be So
miles per hour. This means there VIII
be IS vahicles travelling in each dlrec-
ton hourly. A car travelling 80 miles
per hour will pass 80 vehicles going In
the opposite direction, since the cars are
approaching each other at so miles pei
hour. Therefore the car would make
80 turnoutS in 80 miles, or an average
of one turnout mile.
Five seconds Is considered ample
time for each turnout, so the veh1cle
would be OF the pavement slab flve
seconds in each mile. At the rate OF
"A feet per second this is 220 feet or
only AZ per cent of each mile. Rating
a single track road under these &C. l.
tions makes 1t more than 95 per cent
a paved road as compared to a two
lane concrete road. Even with now
of 500 cars daily. the single lane pave
ment is 90 per cent efficient. The rural
community, therefore, which studies
the traffic flow over its roads may ind
its course clearly outlined If only
single lane payementS are required
the local community can then gain IN
mileage of pavements, which, in the
final analysis, is the thing to be
achieved
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-03
Milady's Motoring
BIZ FREDERICK C. RUSSELL.

water and soda. This will remove
scale and rust, but such treatment
sometimes results in uncovering small
leak which the scale filled. There is
no need to feel alarmed II anything on
this order develops, as continued driving
may serve TO stop the leakage. Be
sure to keep the radiator sufficiently
filled in the meantime, however.
Radiator repairs should be done only
by experts. A good plan is TO take your
car to your dealer and let him send the
core Of the radiator out TO a specialist.
The dealer will take care In removing
the radiator and he will not accept the
repaired core unless the work is salts
factory
"Gyp" radiator cores are not uncom-
mon. These are sold for prices closely
approximating the genuine and, while
they look all right externally, are
worthless.
Pity the sophomores among woman
drivers. One of them has just informed
me that with years experience to her
credit and an instruction book In the
car she anticipates nothing but smooth
sailing. Looking over the instruction
book find two questionable bits Of ad-
vice on the first page Ard milady
probaly won't even resort 10 the In
structions!
Women who drive to school to pick
up the Riddles have an opportunity To
learn a lesson about driving that ought
to save an accident. It's just the tip
about watching your speed when shift
ing through the gears, but 1t works out
like this:
II you start on in low, shift through
to second and then to high, all the
while assuming that you are safe
enough because you're only il the lower
gears, you are quite apt 10 travel much
too fast for a school district.
drove a new car the other day and
found that l was going IS each time
completed the shifts and settled down
to business.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-03
FEDERAL GAS TAX
LEVY PROTESTED
American Motorists Asso.
citation Voices Opposition
to Proposed Measure.

Opposition of proposed legislation to
levy a 1-cent Federal gasoline tax on
all motorists of the country, in addi-
ton to the present gasoline taxes levied
by the States, was voiced here this
week by the Legislative Committee OF
the American Motorists Association.
Proposal by Bingham.
The proposal of a Federal gasoline
tax to be collected for the benefit OF
the Federal Government is made by
Senator Hiram Bingham of Connect
cut, a member of the Senate Appropri-
atoms Committee, who advocates the
tax as a means Of conpenSating the
Federal Government for its annual ex-
penditures for Federal aid.
sThe addition of 1-cent gasoline
tax would mean an added burden of
$l3T SOC, 900 during 1882" declares
Thomas j. Keefe, general manager OF
the A. M. A., in voicing the associa-
tons protest.
Motorists last year paid q total OF
1878 ,000,o 900 In registration and gaSo-
line taxes. The proposed Federal gaSo-
lire tax, adding another 137,000,000 to
the tax burden of the motorists, would
mean over 81 ,000, 100000 year In gas
oline and registration taxes, to be paid
by motorists, in addition to personal
and other general taxes incidental to
automobile ownership.
Opening Wedge Seen.
1.-THE imposition Of q 1-cent Federal
gas tax would be but the opening
wedge. A Q or 8 cent tax would ulti-
mately follow. Only q definite revolt
on the part of the motoring public can
stop the trend toward higher gasoline
taxes, already an unwarranted burden
in some States where the present tax
is cents per gallon" Mr.. Keefe de-
clares.
The average gasoline tax paid by mo-
florists last year, according to figures OF
the A. M. A., was 3.S cents, compared
with 81 cents in 1929 and so cents
per gallon In 1928.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-03

A tentative program for highway
identification and the regulation OF
roadside business in the interest OF
safety. sanitation and the preservation
of the amenities of the landscape, was
put forward by the American Automo-
bile Association today.
While details Of the program are still
to be worked out, Thomas P. Henry OF
Detroit, Mich, president of the national
motoring body, declared that an ex-
llaustive study of roadside conditions
had revealed the existence of q variety
of serious problems, each of which de-
manded separate treatment in the in
terest of f1exibility and speedy prog
ress.
Model Code Needed.
I'm view Of the variety Of conditiorJ
and the differences in road development
in the various States" said the A. A. A.
executive, 1T would seem best that we
undertake the formulation not Of one
law, but of a code for highway beautifi-
cation and the constructive regulation
of roadside business. Such code, as
we see it at the moment, should have
four distinct acts, each act designed to
meet q problem IT importance to the
users of the highway"
The four acts of the model code, as
tentatively OuI4lLlcO ny WI. &1EIhJJ A1S
as follows:
Act Ito promote highway beautifl-
cation through systematic planting and
landscaping.
Act 80 promote safe travel by en-
acting strict, uniform regulations gov
erning the placement of signs, other
than warning and direction signs, at
curves, intersections, railroad crossings
and any other points where the divert
ing of attention or the obscuring Of
vision would be hazardous.
Act $40 promote sanitation by re-
curing reasonable supervision by the
health authorities of the States Of GER
tain types of places catering to the
users of the highway.
Act ITO regulate business from the
standpoint Of preserving the amenities
of the roadsideS and the beauty Of the
landscape.
Provisions Clarified.
Mr.. Henry said, in part:
Acts !, 2 and 8, dealing with road
landscaping, safety and sanitation as
projected in this program. involve little
that is controversial, and cover fields
where the authority Of the State is well
established.
THE time has clearly come when
the road landscape architect should
work hand in hand with the road en-
gineer and the road contractor. The
country is now pretty well out OF the
mud. The United States Government
is already committed under the law to
defray part of the cost Of planting and
landscaping on Federal aid highways,
provided the State makes this work an
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-03
MARYLAND WILL SPEND
FIVE MILLIONS FOR ROADS
5000 to 5000 Men Will BE EN-
ployed During Summer
Months.
Special Dispatch to The star.

Special Dispatch 70 Ine star.
BALTIMORE, May 1.-The State
Roads Commission will spend $4,000, 900
more of its construction fund on prof.
ects employing from 5000 to 5000 men
a month until November IS, 1t was an
nounced this week.
It is expected the peak vii be reached
n June, July and August, with $500
to 5000 men employed.
Chief Engineer Harry d. Williar, IT,,
said the commission has asked or re-
ceived bids on 140 miles of highways,
IS bridges and Embarrassing elm
nation projects.
The remainder Of the program viii
be advertised within the next two
months. Work on the SO ,000, 900 pro-
gram started last November.
Mr.. Williar pointed out that de-
creases in material costs would give the
commission more construction mileage
than previously and would result In
more men being employed.
In addition to those working directly
on roads, employment will be given
those in industries which supply steel,
cement and other materials.
The construction fund is drawn from
the lateral roads tax on gasoline, the
normal Federal aid fund, county bond
issues and a $670,000 emergency loan
from the Federal Government.
Cars are everywhere. Even Iceland
has 765-mOStlV American
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-03

That schools IN States which last
year showed a material increase IN au-
tomobile fatalities. as compared with
1929, are displaying a keen interest in
the tenth national street and highway
safety campaign was announced today
by the Highway Education Board,
sponsor of the movement.
This interest is indicated, according
to the announcement, by the many re-
quests for safety material being re-
ceived from school authorities, automo-
bile clubs and other organizations and
individuals in the States concerned.
Entrance Requirements.
The campaign, open to elementary
schools throughout the country, con-
sists of safety essay contest for pupils
of the fifth to eighth grades, IA years
Of age and under, and safety lesson
contest for teachers Of the eighth and
lower grades. 1t has the Endorsement
nicipal school authorities, as well as
State departments of education in vir-
tually every State in the Union. Most
Of the requests for safety material have
come from county and city superin-
tendents for distribution to teachers
and schools under their supervision.
With automobile clubs, local and
State safety councils, parent-teacher
associations and other organizations
fostering the campaign, the prospects
are that the number CT participants
will exceed that of last year, when TOO
900 pupils as well as thousands OF
teachers from all parts of the Union
participated. During the past several
months, the board announced, public
attention has been focused upon the
increase in automobile fatalities and
the imperative need for action, and this
apparently has spurred school officials
and others to take an added interest in
the safety of the school child while on
streets and highways.
States Showing Interest.
Among States showing materially
greater interest In the present cam
paign are Iowa, New Mexico, South
Carolina and West Virginia Interest
Is also widespread on the west coast,
where the Automobile Club of Southern
California, the California State Auto
mobile Association and the Automobile
Club of Washington are distributing
material to all schools in their districts.
Requests from Oregon are also numer-
ically larger this year than last, while
the same holds true. The Automobile
Club Of Sioux City, Iowa, the Sabine
Neches Club Of Beaumont, Tex, and
the Keystone Automobile Club, Pkila-
delphia, are but few of the other
| clubs sponsoring the campaign locally,
| while parent-teacher organizations in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-03
GUEST HOUSE DEDICATED

LOS ANGELES, Calf" Welcome to
tourists" is on the doormat of a new
guest house Just dedicated for the use
of motor travellers entering California
from United States highway No. 80,
or the Old Spanish Trail.
Completely furnished for their COM
fort, this new building, at the Fort
Yuma checking station of the State
Department of Agriculture, affords
travel-tired visitors opportunity to rest
while cflcers are performing the neces-
aaRX duty o. AnanfhnR 49, nRRaaal
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-03
ROAD MILEAGE INCREASED
6o4 Mines Added to California
Highways.


state maintenance will be given TO
304 miles Of additional highways in
California under a bill recently signed
by Gov Rolph. This additional mile
age was included in the secondary
highway system of the State, but I'M
der the new legislation this mileage
will be added to the $500 miles already
in the State system and under state
maintenance.
Many important county arteries
which have been serving State travel
as well as local traffic we're incorpo-
rated into the state system by the new
act In the future these roads will be
maintained, reconstructed and improved
et State expense, thereby releasing
county funds for application to other
highway Improvements.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-03
Advice Needed Quick.

Lady driver Tell me, George, quick!
Which is the right side Of the road to
keep on when you're running down a
nill backward like this2
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-03
Clean Windshield and Lamps.

Do not fail to keep windshield and all
lamp lenses clean This enhances the
pleasure Of motoring ard d1minishes
chances of accidents.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-03

One out Of every 10 people gainfully
employed Eorks in thu aAata induatzzb
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-03

Cars are everywhere. Even Iceland
has 765-mostly American.
The Washington times., 1931-07-03
ROSE FIRM GETS
SCHOOL JOB

The w. P. Rose Company, Inc.
OF Goldsboro. N. c., today was
awarded a 71,050 contract for
the building of an addition to the
Woodbridge School, located at Carl
ton and Central avenues North
east. The firm was the lowest Of
IA bidders for the project.
The w. P. Rose Company. Inc,
also contracted the Stuart Junior
High School for the District, and
a few weeks ago the concern was
the object of investigation and
criticism following a fatal accl-
dent at the project in which
colored workman was killed.
Organized labor spokesmen at
that time opposed the awarding
of further contracts by the Dis
trict to the concern which they
stated imported cheap labor into
the District.
The District Commissioners to-
day also voted the expenditure
of $48,25O to acquire a site for
school and playground IN the
Foxhall Village section.
This property purchased from
Morris Cafritz, local real estate
dealer, is located on Foxhall ROAD
between Volta Place and Q Street
Northwest. and measures 24l'1o6
square feet.
The Washington times., 1931-07-03
Mystery Insect Army
Plays Havoc With
IOwd TOwn

CEDAR FALLS, Iowa, July ;
IN.SO.-A horde OF unidenti,
fled insects today had passed
on after sending residents here
in frantic search Of relief last
night.
Millions Of winged insects de-
scended on the city shortly after
dark last night. flying in clouds
from street light to street light
and gathering in huge numbers
on shop windows.
Reports were that, for three
blocks on the main street. the
pavement was practically OBJ
scured by their bodies, and some
persons even claimed to have
observed drifts" of the insects
six inches in depth.
Darkening Of the street lights
in the afflicted districts brought
slight relief.
The insects were variously
called willow locusts" and
shed flies" by residents.
The Washington times., 1931-07-03
WEATHER HALTS
WORLD HOP

PARIS, July 3 U.N.SD.-Owing
to predictions Of unfavorable
weather, Joseph LIE Brix and
Marcel Doret failed to take off
at dawn today for Tokyo. Japan,
on the first lap of their proposed
flight round the world in an ef-
fort to break the nine-day record
of the Winnie Mae.
The Hyphen, the plane of the
two French army aviatOrS, stood
in readiness at lie BOurget air.
drOme for the daring attempt.
but was replaced in its shed when
reports Of threatening weather
were received.
Face Hard Task
LIE Brix, one of the most
famous of French fliers. said he
hoped to start within the next
~ hours.
Four Long Hops
According to the plans Of LIE
Brix and DOret, the Hyphen will
attempt four nonstop hops of
from 5000 to 1000 each. The
first stop would be at Tokyo,
Japan, the second at San Fran
cisco, the third, New York, the
last, Paris.
The Washington times., 1931-07-03
WOODMEN HERE
FOR 4 DAYS

In q tent city" in East Po-
tomac Park several hundred mem
berS OF the Modern Woodmen
Foresters, affiliated with the Mod
ern Woodmen Of America, opened
a four-day encampment for their
Eastern zone shortly before noon
today. Many Of the Foresters
brought along their families or
friends.
The Eastern zone comprises 16
States along the Atlantic sea-
board from Florida to Maine and
the District Of Columbia. There
are approximately 1000 Woodmen
in the District and a large COM
mittee representing the local
camps is in charge Of entertain
ment for the visitors to the
Capital.
Contests on Program
The program includes contests
among drill teams and between
individuals. Contests will be
staged in the mornings, leaving
the afternoons and evenings for
sightseeing and other amuse-
ments.
Tomorrow the ForeSters will
participate in the holiday parade
at Takoma Park. and they will be
accompanied by the Modern
Woodmen Band Of Laytonsville.
Nd. and the Junier Drum and
Bugle Corps OF Reading. Pa. The
ForesterS team of washington
Camp, under command of Capt.
Ray Sullivan. will exemplify ini-
tiation ceremonies tomorrow eve
ming.
To Visit Cemetery
Arlington Cemetery will be Wis
tied Sunday, and on July 6 the re-
naming competitive drills will be
staged and prizes awarded.
The tent city was erected un-
der supervision of Col. A. P.
Cage, OF Kansas City, Mo-, en-
campment quartermaster assigned
for this particular duty. The
camp has been named Camp J. A.
Doubles, in honor of State Deputy
doubles, OF North Carolina.