davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-01

Faced by what he declared to be an
emergency for taxpayers" one of the trus-
tees of the state prison hits upon the very
original scheme of reducing government
costs by cutting the wages Of the lower paid
employees of the state.
Particularly he wants to cut those who
draw the magnificent sum of $140 month
to $126.
He would take $3.50 from the envelope
of those who get 500.
This particular trustee has an unbroken
record, up to now, Of never having taken any
action that did not meet with the approval
of the particular governor under whom he
served. This proposal may be original with
him. Or it may have originated with the
Governor. That will develop later as pub
lie sentiment either makes popular or I'M
popular the proposal
A slash in wages at the prison would be
followed by similar cut among all the
lower paid employees of the state.
1t may be true that the taxpayer is faced
by an emergency, but wage cutting will in
crease, not decrease, his difficulties. 1t is
W
made in the cost of government. 1t might
be possible, for instance, to make some saw
ings by limiting the amount of money spent
at each meeting of the prison trustees.
It would certainly have been possible to
have saved some $780, 900 on the cost of clean
ing the statehouse, and the entire $4,000
which is being taken from the Governors
emergency fund" for the benefit of Gin
cinnati firm might have been distributed
among those who need money or have been
saved entirely for the taxpayers. That bit
of business or high finance, as you view it,
cost the taxpayers more than would be saved
at any single institution in year by any
wage cuts.
The proposal to cut wages is only i'm
portant as evidence of the lack of vision on
the part of those who have money, who are
not on bread lines, whose concern is in their
pocketbooks instead of in their own particu
lar bellies.
They have not as yet reached that
emergency of the men whose labor earned
the tax money in the prosperous years and
who now find themselves living upon charity
funds or on bread lines For these the emer-
gency is real and pressing. For these the
problem is a chance to work.
The one way in which these real tax
earners can solve their emergency is to get
work. The one way that they can get work
is to increase the purchasing power of all the
people so that the circle of industry and work
will take the same swing as did the vicious
one of unemployment and depression.
The country is artificialy debated
through unfair and inequitable distribution
of the products of labor. The remedy lies in
an artificial initiation on the basis of justice
and humanity.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-01
H7doAkF B17E7e
fANfSlQG.R$M@YI
H4-ss92R4
KAIsER's PROCLAMATION

August ]
ON Aug. 1, 1917, Emperor Will
" helm of Germany issued a
proclamation to the Germany peo-
pie as follows:
Three years of hard fighting are
behind us. With grief we remem-
Der the dead, with pride our soldiers
now fighting, with confidence all
our workers, and with heavy heart
those who are languishing in cap
tivity; but, above all, our thoughts
stand reSolute in the determination
to prosecute this righteous war Of
defense to successful termination.
1.-THE enemy is stretching out his
hands to German territory, but he
never shall have it.
New nations continue to enter the
war against us, but that does not
brighten us. We know our strength,
and we are determined to make use
of it.
Throughout the three years
achievement, the mighty German
people has become firm in its re-
sistance against all that the power
Of the enemy can conceive.
If the enemy wishes to prolong
the sufferings of war, they will
weigh more heavily upon him than
upon US. Let all our actions
and all our thoughts be devoted to
this fight. Let this be our solemn
promise Of this day, Aug. !. 1917"
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-01

able throughout the year. so that
diet may be chosen satisfactorily
from such foods at any season.
Food may. of course, be cut down
to provide for fuel. The amount OF
calories required by persons in vari-
GUS occupations have been estimat-
ed by experts in food and in nutri-
ton.
A child year old requires almost
1000 calories day; years of age
1000; ID years Of age, 5000, and 16
years of age, 1000.
The average adult requires any
where from 2,400 to 1000 a day. de-
pending on the amount Of work that
he may be doing.
The best way to remember calorv
values is to associate them with an
average portion of some common
food.
A slice Of bread one-half inch
thick and about six by three inches
IN dimension provides 100 Galleries.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-01
Questions and
Answers
What are the chief industries Of

What are the chief industries Of
Morocco and Algeria?
In Morocco agriculture and stock
raising. The cereal crops include
barley, wheat, maize, n1illet and
beans, and other products are fruits
vegetables and a small amount OF
tobacco. There are nearly 10000
acres of vineyards under cultiva-
ton. Algeria is also essentially an
agricultural country. The principal
products are cereals and wines
Olives are cultivated extensively and
the production of olive oil is an i'm
portant industry. Cotton, tobacco
fax, potatoes, beans and a great va
riety Of fruit are also grown.
What is the nationality and
meaning Of the name Gillespie?
1t is a Scotch and Irish family
name meaning servant (gilD of a
bishop (episcopos).
How many patents have been
granted in the United States?
To Dec. 81, 1880, there had been
1,706,85S patents granted.
When do crows mate? How OLD
are the young birds when they car
fly?
Crows mate in April and May
laying from three to five eggs. The
young hatch in about three week;
and learn to fly when they are about
one month old.
From what college was John D.
Rockefeller Sr. graduated?
he did not attend any college.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-01

In addition to selecting food to
meet these needs, the one who pur-
chases the food must consider its
seasonableness, its cost at various
seasons and other variable factors.
It may be necessary to vary the
amounts of food according to the
season, with more fats and more
carbohydrates during the winter and
less during the summer when heat
producing foods are not SO much
required.
This is especially true of fat
meats, macaroni, rice and beans.
Eggs and fresh fruits and vege-
tables are more easily available and
more likely to be used in the sum-
mer than in the winter.
Grapefruit used to be primarily a
winter fruit, but now is available at
all seasons.
Canned goods, used in tremendous
quantities by Americans, are avail
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-01
1910 Farm Prices

CECRETARY DOAK is right in
- declaring that since labor never
has received a fair division Of in
come in this country, the argument
that wages should be cut because
the cost Of living has fallen is un-
sound.
The same thing could be said
with even more propriety, with re-
Spect to farmers.
According to a report just made
public by the federal government
the index Of farm prices stands at
70, compared with Ill at this time
last year.
That means that the farmer is
getting only II cents for what
brought one dollar twelve months
ago.
AS a general average, farm prices
are about where they were in 1910.
Farm values have gone down $18,-
100000 since the war
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-01
One Dollar Oil
OllO COiiCRi VII
OVERNOR MURRAY of Okla

.COVERNOR MURRAY of Okla
W homa is right in announcing
that if the big oil companies won't
agree to a reasonable price for
crude" he will close down every
we'll in the state.
We are paying enough for gaso-
line to insure the producers a fair
break.
Governor Murray says that the
price of Crude" ought to be 81
a barrel.
Those who claim to know say
he might compromise on 10 or rs
cents.
Be that as it may, the price that
has been forced on producers, and
that would be maintained if some
of the big companies had their way
is ridiculous.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-01
IT SEEMS TO ME BY H FR92%

a SSISTANT SECRETARY OF
n COMMERCE JULIUS KLEIN
warned employers against wage
cutting in an interview the other
day.
"Once we begin slashing at our
standard of living" said Mr.. Klein,
then look out. Apart from strikes,
the consumers morale is the thing
we have to defend.
Lets make sure that the slack is
taken up everywhere else before we
take the last great thrust at the
nations buying power. 1t is the
most serious thing We could do.
That is our last trench, and if we
are driven out of that there will
be hell to pay"
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-01
HELP Hasn't HeIped


FARMERS have had a lot of help,
4 but it hasn't done any good,
which is the important point.
Incidentally, that is the important
point about some of the things we
are trying to do for other people.
The passion for avoiding direct
methods, lest they be regarded as
doles, or subsidies, is proving a big
handicap.
Like war, this depression is an
emergency.
We adopted a good many policies
in the war that we had no idea of
making permanent. Why not take
similar view regarding what
should be done to meet the present
situation?
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-01
Change Is Traced

IONE of the chief constituents of
~ plants is a substance called
lignin, which composes the woodv
tibers. Lignin is complex car
bohydrate, that is a combination of
carbon, oxygen and hydrogen.
Another important constituent is
cellulose. The walls of plant cells
are composed of cellulose.
NOW samples of peat taken IN
near the surface of the swamp are
samples which formed recently.
whereas samples dug at considerable
depth represent old formations.
ThleSsen and johnson find that
the young samples of peat contain
large amounts of lignin and cellu-
lose and small amounts of another
carbohydrate called humin.
on the other hand, old SAMPLES
contain little Hgnin and cellulose.
put large amounts of humin.
They believe therefore that the
chief action Of the bacteria is to
dlsintegrate the lignin and cellulose
and convert it into humin. This is
the reason they speak of the process
Of hunification.
1t is known fact that whatever
the process is by which coal is
formed, it is a process by which
oxygen and hydrogen is decreased
end the percentage of carbon in
creased as a result of the removal
Of these other two elements.
The chemical nature of coal in
complex. There is some free carbon
but most Of it present is combined
with hydrogen and hydrocarbons.
In addition there are still more
complex compounds present con-
tanning oxygen, nitrogen and SUI
phur. The mineral matter in coab
includes lime, gypsum, pyrites, silica.
magnesia, potash and soda.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-01
How Can They Eat2

THIS is just an example of an
L employers stupidity. Aside
from the fact that he can not hope
to expect faithful service under such
conditions. he is only helping to
prolong an impossible situation.
The intelligent thing to do would
be to raise rather than lower the
standards Of living among workers.
In times of stress we are more apt
to react psychologically to palaver,
idle or otherwise, about hard times.
It is most important. then, that
workers be assured Of economic Sc
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-01
SWampS First

THE. general theory is that the
Il coal beds Of today began their
existence as great wooded Swamps..
Gradually, with the passage of time,
the Swamps filed up with decaying'
plants. In time, the decaying
vegetable matter turned into peat.
1t is thought that with the pas
sage Of more time, these peat beds
were buried under accumuIations Of
sand and clay and that the final
transformation into coal was aided
by the pressure of these upper lay
ers upon the peat.
There are many sWanps in the
world today in which peat is in the
process of formation. Hawk Island
swamp is one Of them. That is why
the scientists turned to it.
Progress of the investigation was
detailed In a paper prepared for
the American Chemical Society bv
Reinhardt Thiessen and R. G. John
son OF the United States Bureau
of Mines.
Thiessen and johnson examined
oaIiIp4eS o4 peat taken from various
depths in the Hawk Island Swamp.
They report that they found active
bacteria at all depths.
They made cultures of these bac-.
terra and found that they thrive on
sawdust,< shavings, celluIose and
other plant materials.
They have come to the conclusion
that these bacteria are responsible
for the changes which convert the
decaying vegetable matter into peat
and for other changes which con-.
tlnue to take place in the peat.
They have termed these further
changes 'humifications."
They adopted the word to describe
the nature Of the chemical change
which they find going on in the neat
bog.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-01

If Idle Men and Monea Are
Not Put to Work We'll
Haze Wage Cutting on q
Widespread Scale.
NEW YORK, Aug. let the
In gangsters shoot it out and kill
each other off,"
IF I've heard one New Yorker say
that, I've heard 100.
It sounded all right until last
Tuesday, when Michael Vaneghello
was killed and four Of his play
mates wounded.
1t seems though that a little kid
had to die for New York to get the
right idea regarding gang rule.
You can't tolerate gunplay with
out the constant risk of hurting in
nocent bystanders, women and chill
dren included.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-01
InSidiouS Habits

THERE is no driving urge to &C.
quire possessions or comforts
once the habit has been formed to
do without them. It is well-known
fact that there are many people
today who could well afford to sat-
lsfy their most fantastic whins
Yet they go about in chean III
hitting clothes, eat coarse food and
deprive themselves of everything
remotely resembling a luxury.
And usually it is because thew
nave worked hard all their lives To
90 those very things. But the habits
OF a lifetime are too strong.
And SO it will be with our present
generation of workers if we allow
them to live too long in poverty.
copyright 1881 nv The -rir,.-,
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-01
Law and Horse Sense

THIRST, Al Capone says he is guilty
L and then he says he is not.
According to law, this is merely
taking advantage Of form.
According to horse sense, it is
plain lying.
You shouldn't be too hard on Mr..
Capone, however. He acted not only
on the advice of counsel, but on the
supposition that an arrangement"
had been made.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-01

Following is the explanation Of
Ripley's Believe 1t or Not" which
appeared in Fridays Times:
The Bull That Swan Forty
MiTes-Kelmscott Juggler, 51st,
prize bull Of the Kelrnscott herd
of dairy Shorthorns owned by
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-01
SCIENCE
BY DAVID DIETZ.

BY DAVID DIETZ-
Wisconsin, Swamp Shows Sci
entistS HolO Bacteria Turns
Boys to Peat, the Forerun-
ner of Coal.
BACTERIA created the coal sup
II ply Of the world. This fact.
long suspected by biologists. has
been confirmed by investigations now
under way by a group of govern
nent scientists.
The tendency in the public mind
today is to associate bacteria with
disease, and of course many dread
diseases are caused by them. But
it should be remembered that there
are helpful as well as harmful bac-
terra.
There are the nitrogen-fixing bac-
terra. for example. organisms which
absorb the nitrogen of the air and
convert it into nitrates which plants
can utilize, thus restoring the fer
tility of the soil.
Other bacteria cause decay. Such
bacteria are harmful when they
cause the spoilage of food. But if
it were not for them, the whole
world would be cluttered up with
the debris Of dead plants and the
bodies of dead animals.
1t is bacteria of the type which
causes decay which are responsible
for the worlds coal supply.
To solve the riddle Of the forma~
ton Of the coal deposits. govern
ment scientists are studying a bog
in Manitowoc county, Wisconsin,
known as Hawks Island swamp.
They believe that the action
which is going on in the swamp to-
day is essentially that which ac-
counted for the formation of coal
millions Of years ago.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-01
Why PriCe-BooSting2

XXTE are dealing not only with
w fear, but manipulation.
One would have to be an op-
timist, indeed, to lay everything that
is happening to general conditions.
There has been price-boosting, as
we'll as short selling.
Why should cigarets be going UP
at this particular moment, with no
rise in tobacco or wages to war
rant it?
Why shouldn't flour be going
down with wheat?
To some extent, this continued
blab about general conditions is in
the nature of a smoke screen.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-01

curity if we would uphold the mo-
rale of our community.
Our f1nanciers may talk from now
till doomsday about market fluctua-
tons and the fact that prosperity is
just around the corner. She has
been around that corner for more
than a year now. Apparently it is
one of those concerns that lead to a
blind alley.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-01

Robert w. Bobb & Sons, Kelm-
scott, Lechlade, Worcestershire,
England, was sold for export, and
the boat on which he was being
shipped was torpedoed off the
coast of Ireland. The bull swan
forty miles to shore, none the
DAILY HEALTH SERVICE
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-01
Idle Money! and Men

NNE hears a deal of splendid
" conversation as to why wages
should not be cut or farm prices
allowed to sag, but it's a case for
action, rather than words.
You can't sell goods without a
market, you can't maintain pay rolls
without selling goods, and you can't
do either without keeping up public
buying power.
If something is not done to get
the idle money and men in this
country to work, We are going to
have wage cutting on a widespread
scale and all the troubles that go
with it.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-01

man can learn to do without the
tnlngs which once seemed essential
70 ms happiness and well being. He
mas gone on living without them for
SO long that he does not miss them
any more. -'-
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-01

How many states have compulsory
automobile insurance laws?
Massachusetts is the only one
New York and about eleven other
states have safety Responsibilities
laws, which provide that persons
convicted of major traffic offenses
must post bond before being allowed
to operate automobiles, and must as
sumo the costs of all accidents for
which they may be responsible.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-01
Daily Thought

They are all plain to him that
understandeth, and right to them
that find acknowledgements
$40.
What we do not understand we
do not possess Goethe.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-01
Cause and Effect

THE only solution is to provide
L work for the millions now I'M
employed. Depression may have
been the primary cause of unem-
ployment, but it now is just the re-
verse.
We can not have any senblance
Of prosperity while thousands of
people are unable to keep body and
soul together, much less indulge in
luXurieS.
And if we wait too long, it is
possible that our standard of Iiv-
ing will be lowered to a degree
where it will be well-nigh irnpossi-
BILE for us ever to get out of the
mire.
For it is undeniably true that
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-01

Ideals and opinions exuresseS
In this column are those ~
one of Americas most inter
est1ng writer's and are nre-
sented without regard 10 their
agreement or DISAGREEMENT
with the editorial attitude ~
this OaDer.-The Editor.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-01

worse for his experience, but on
his second shipment to the Ar
gentine the boat was tcrpedoed
and he drowned.
Monday-"The Tennis Star
Who Played Ill Games in Two
Days"
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-01

The world conference on a means of aiding Ger.
many again demonstrates that sense counts as much
as dollars in arriving at a solution
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-01

Pennsylvania by imposing fine of 81 for people
who thumb rides, has put the hitch in many hitch
hiker's plans.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-01

Thanks for tie add" as the customer said to the
waiter on receiving his check.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-01

New Golf Ball to Be Dropped by u s. G. A.
says headline. On the verge of being bounced, ;
it were.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-01
Father Needs 5000 Galleries Daily

This is the fourth of series of TWEEN
ty-six timely articles by DR.. Morris Fish
bein on GOOD Truths and Follies." deal
ing with such much discussed but little
known subjects as oaIories, vitanins.
minerals, digestion and balanced diet.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-01

An editorial writer has referred to Germany a
the sick man of Europe. It has been ale-ing fc
some time.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-01

Some folks can't keep their minds of motoring
Even in bathing they use inner tubes
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-01

4A11ONAt19ItII anu OF NHo
Health Magazine.
TINE diet of the average Ameri-
II can family, including mother,
father and three children, must
supply a total of 5000 Galleries a
day for the father and perhaps
lesser amounts for the mother and
the children.
It has been estimated that 10 per
cent of the energy value is lost in
preparation, SO that the family has
to purchase $500 calories to get
from 5000 to 5000 calories each for
adult consumption.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-01

George Barnard Shaw got a great reception
Russia recently. One reason may be that he h
whiskers. Another that they are red.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-01

The bigger the corn crop, says the ofice sage,
the better for the chiropodist
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-01

young man and nation have different ways
OF reinforcing their fortunes: One Aarries and the
other parties for money.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-01
BY DIR. MORRIS FIsHBEIN

Editor. Journal of the American Medical
Association and of Hygeia. the
Health Magazine.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-01

Then there's the neurotic who claimed he W
hit by repression.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-01

Willie Hoppe, billiard champ has contracted
make movie. You'll admire the shots" in this hln