davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-07-16
Questions and
Answers

Is Aud Lang Syne" German or
Irish?
1t is the title of Scotch song by
Robert Burns and means days
gone by"
When was the International
Chamber of Commerce established,
and what countries were repre-
sented? Where and when have its
congresses been held?
1t was established in 1920 at a
meeting Of chief business interests
Of Belgium, France, Great Britain,
Italy and the United States, and
subsequently forty other nations
Joined. It's purpose was to promote
the development of international
trade, to remove or mitigate the
effect Of trade restrictions and to
foster harmonious commercial re-
lations among the nations. Con-
crosses have been held in London,
1921; Rome, 1923; Brussels, 1925;
Stockholm, 1927: Amsterdam, 1929
and United States, 1881.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-07-16
The Gas Fight


If Indianapolis really had municipal own
ership Of its gas lines and gas plant the
problem of natural gas would be easy of
solution.
The city could then buy at wholesale what
ever supply may be economically used and
sell it to the public
But all that the city thus far has is a con-
tract, legal decision and strong hope
The forces that have fought public own
ership from the start have only begun to
fight. They have millions at stake. The whole
brood of public utility monopoies and holding
companies is determined that no large city
shall have chance to demonstrate that it
is unnecessary to pay extortions to them
for their superior" brains.
Especially do the gas combines of the
country resent such an invasion into the field
Of private exploitation. 1t is for that reason
that one Of the big combines bought the
bonds of the old Indianapolis Gas Company
and the head of another is the holder of the
majority stock interest in the Citizens Gas
Company.
They have invested millions in the hope
Of extracting more millions from the people
and Of preventing the experiment in public
ownership.
They en- be expected to use every eff
fort to defeat public ownership by new cases
in the courts, by control of finance, perhaps
by sabotage.
In such fight the people would be very
foolish 70 overlook any weapon. Perhaps
the manufacturers of this city are giving
that weapon through their desire to bring
IN for their own use supply of natural gas.
These manufacturers assert that the use
of natural gas is necessary in order to en-
able them to compete with similar concerns
in other cities.
They claim that its use will enable them
to keep going and give men work and jobs,
which is rather important these days.
These men are not public enemies. They
head big enterprises in this city. In the
plants they represent are employed large
portion of the workers of indianapolis.
1t is hardly conceivable that they would
lend themselves to a conspiracy to rob this
city of municipal ownership. That they may
be adding a new weapon for the peoples
fight is inferred from the fact that the same
companies which bought the bonds and the
stock of the present concerns and which
still hope to keep control of the gas supply
are fighting the entrance of natural gas to
the factories At least the people and the
manufacturers have a common enemy, even
if very sincere believers in public ownership
do not yet recognize a common cause.
1t is time when it is necessary to look
BIT all facts The people demand public own
ership. The manufacturers are not crooks.
All want industrial and financial security for
Che city.
Perhaps the best way may be to let in
natural gas for the factories and be ready to
use it generally if the vultures finally win.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-07-16

suppressed, Notwithstanding that in its very nature
is perhaps the best evidence on the subject of legal
lawlessness that has come into the commissions
hands And the subject Of legal lawlessness-crime
committed IN the name Of the LAWS probably the
most important Of all subjects studied by the COM
mission
This report is to be suppressed it appears because
the commission has decided against taking up the
Mooney-Bllngs case The decision, reached after
prolonged dissent, based first on the ground that
federal commission should not interfere in state
cases and second, the ground that the commission
should not take up particular cases.
But in yesterdays report on criminal procedure,
the commission has forgotten both these objections
1t has offered 2OO-word comment on a particular
case and state case at that
On what ground now can it refuse to make public
the complete report of the men who investigated the
workings Of justice in the case of Mooney and Billings?
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-07-16
Behavior
THE behavior of rivers is a fasci-

ME behavior Of rivers Is a fasci-
4 mating subject to study.
The speed Of a river will frequent
ly be changed by the nature of the
land through which it flows.
For example, river will come
tumbling down a mountain slope
and then enter a fiat plain. This
causes a great change in the velocity
Of the river. AS the river slows up
upon the plain, it can no longer
carry all the sediment which it has
been bringing down the mountain
side. Hence, it will deposit much Of
the sediment at the foot of the
mountain where it enters the plain.
This deposit usually takes the
form Of d fan-shaped deposit like a
section Of a cone with its apex In
the foot of the mountain. It is
known to the geologist as an alluviaI
fan or alluvial cone.
Another type Of deposit occurs
where river flows through a wide
fat valley. During flood season,
the river will overflow its banks and
spread out over the valley. But the
outer reaches Of the food will not
have a velocity like the central por-
ton of the stream.
Consequently the sediment will be
deposited there and after the food
recedes the valley will be covered
with a thick layer of sediment. This
IS known as a food-plain. These
food plains are usually composed Of
very fine sediment. AS result,
they usually form extremely fertile
tracts of land which are extremely
valuable for agricultural purposes.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-07-16
DOherty Wins Edge

HENRY L. DOHERTY has won
Il Il the first round in Kansas. The
statute was unconstitutional One
state commission can not prevent
some of his companies from sell
ing stock because another state
commission doesn't like the rates
they charge for gas.
You can't find much fault with
that logic, even if the rates are too
high. Regulating the sale of stock
rests on a different theory than
regulating rates and is intended to
serve a different purpose.
The only way a definite connec-
ton can be established between the
two is through the use Of unreason-
ably high rates to water stock and
boost capital investment.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-07-16
BY DR.. MORRIS FISHBEIN
Editor Journal OF the American Medical
Association and of Hygeia, the
Health Magazine.

ID ECENT research carried on in
IN many institutions has indicated
anew the Importance of minerals in
various food substances.
These minerals are concerned pri-
marily with the building of blood,
but also with other processes of
growth and repair in the human
body. Not only iron and copper are
important, but there seems to be
some question as to the exact parts
played by manganese, zinc, nickel
and other metals.
Investigators in the University
of Wisconsin found that the adj
dition of copper to the diet was
of great Importance in rebuilding
blood in anemia. Investigators in
India and elsewhere believe that
manganese is of Importance in i'm
proving growth and that it, as we'll
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-07-16
Sphagnunn

A MOSS known as the sphagnum
4 n grows very densely upon
swamps and shallow lakes in some
parts of the world and is one of
the most active and rapid agents
IN thus filling and choking a lake.
The decay of this moss and the
rise of a new growth of it, followed
by a second decay and third growth,
and so on, will frequently create q
bog which is several feet deep.
Ireland and Scotland are also
noted for their peat boys, the ma
terial Of which is cut and dried and
used for fuel.
In the western part of the United
States and in other parts of the
world which have arid climates.
lakes are frequently found which
have no outlet and which evaporate
quickly. This evaporation causes
an accumulation of mineral salts.
for when the water evaporates, the
mineral matter which had been dis
solved in the water is, of course,
lett behind.
This is the reason that some lakes
have water that is very salty. The
Great Salt lake in Utah became
salty because of the salt which was
washed into it and left behind
when the water evaporated.
The continuous evaporation from
some lakes causes the formation of
deposits Of ordinary salt, of gyp-
sum and of other mineral matter.
Frequently in desert regions. de-
posits Of salt, gypsum or some other
material are found. These mean
that once upon a time their sites
were occupied by lakes which have
disappeared in the course of time
through evaporation.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-07-16

be carried on long and violently,
even though the gambling risk be
reduced to as little as a twentieth
OF cent a point. I am not even
sure that contract could not be
played with emotional profit to all
concerned for no stakes whatsoever.
After all, the true lure is the appeal
to the ego satisfaction of the victor.
Once I saw a gentleman who
rates we'll up into the millions toss
down his cards at the end Of the
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-07-16
All in Same Boat

THE railroads want a 10 or Is
4 per cent rate increase. AS a
matter of corporate bookkeeping
and government regulation, they
may be entitled to it. AS matter
OF fair play and common sense, they
are no more entitled to it than a
lot Of other people.
BY and large, this depression puts
us all in the same boat, and boil
STEERING up one crowd at the expense
of others should be avoided.
The European situation shows
that no specific measure is suff1-
cient.
The slump is general, and no
remedy is worth whoop, unless T.
can be applied generally.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-07-16
And Legs Free

XXTHILE Fall goes to Jail, Jack
w legs Diamond, the rack
eteer, goes free.
Diamond was identified by the
truck driver whom he was charged
with torturing and one other wit
ness, but bevy of hotel clerks,
walters and other people swore
that he was in Albany, which is
many miles away, at the time. The
jury preferred to put its faith in
this alibi.
Officers of the law refuse to be
discouraged. Diamond still faces
five charges, they point out, four
state and one federal. With so
many chances, they profess conf
dence in making at least one hit,
but history is against them.
Jack Oegs) Diamond has been
brought to book some twenty times,
but with only one conviction.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-07-16
BOLSHEVIKI REVOLT
July Is

July Is
NN July 16, 1917, the Bolsheviki,
" led by Lenin and Trotsky.
staged revolt in an attempt to
realize their aim Of what they called
a dictatorship of the proletariat."
The revolt lasted for two days,
and more than 500 men, women and
children were killed in the streets of
Petrograd.
The BolsheViki struck at a most
strategic time, when the separatist
movement IN the Ukraine, the resig-
nation Of the Constitutional Demo-
Gratis from the government, and the
revolt and treachery among the
Russian troops had produced a
grave crisis.
In spite Of the chaotic conditions,
the Bolsheviki uprising was put
down by the Cossacks within a
week.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-07-16
25-Cnnt Wheat

MYTH wheat down to- Is cents
wv in some local markets, you
can't blame the farmers for yelling.
What's the objection to a mora
forum, they want to know, not for
a year, as Germany got, but for
thirty days.
Bankers will tell you-some of
them at least-that the farmers are
largely to blame, that they shouldn't
have planted so much wheat and
so on.
Maybe that's so, but what about
the railroads? Are the railroads to
blame for the way freight and pas
senger traffic has fallen off during
the last two years?
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-07-16
Too MANY Rules

WET one ominous cloud hovers
Il over this game which I have
called the best of I'll. And that
cloud is made up of the black stra-
tum Of system and RECOMMENDATION.
Cards should constitute an adj
venture for those who NEEDLE with
them. They offer a release to such
souls who are bound down by the
deadly routine Of scheduled tasks
and hours in their Office. There
ought to be corner of the world
In which the word system" is I'M
known.
Accordingly, I confess that in the
matter of the Culbertson-Lenz
match am a pure neutral. ] hope
they both lose.
Downright, 1881. by The Times)
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-07-16

Ideals and opinions expressed
IN this column are those Of
one OF Americas most inter-
estlng. writers and are prc-
sented without regard to their
agreement or disagreement
with the editorial attitude Of
this Daper.-The Editor.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-07-16

Change; Erosion, EUGpora-
ton and Decay Factors M
Transformation.
ONE of the most interesting
~ chapters in the story Of cease
less change which makes up the
geological history of our earth IS
furnished by lakes.
Small lakes are usually created oy
rivers and no sooner has a river
brought one into existence than II
sets to work to destroy 1t.
Small lakes usually form because
a river reaches some obstruction
like a clay or gravel dam or
mountain barrier which prevents 1t
from flowing any farther. Conse-
ouently the water spreads out over
! the surrounding territory forming a
lake. Usually at some point the
water again finds its way out OF
/ the lake in a continuation OF the
river.
But as the original river flows into
the lake, its water loses velocity.
Now the amount of sediment which
the water is able to carry depends
upon the velocity of the stream.
Consequently, the river begins to
drop its sediment in the lake.
In time, the sediment will fill up
the lake, leaving only a narrow
channel for the river.
The amount of sediment deposited
is also made larger by the death of
the many living creatures in the
lake, particularly the countless min
ute organisms. Their shells and
skeletons collect on the bottom of
the lake, in time forming consider
able sediment.
Plants also aid in this destruction
Of lakes. This is particularly true
in the last stages when the lake is
getting very shallow. When this
happens, a dense swamp vegetation
begins to spring up. The decay of
these plants clogs the lake with a
vegetable sediment known as muck.
The shallow lakes in Florida are
being destroyed in this way by the
decay of the dense swamp vegeta-
| ton.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-07-16
Daily Thought

I humbled my soul with fast
ing; and my prayer returned into
mine own bosom.-PSalms 35:13.
Humility is the altar upon which
God wishes that we should offer
Him HA Sacrihces.-La Rochefou-
cauld.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-07-16
Peoples Voice

Editor Times-Last week marked
the smashing OF two lottery and
baseball pool racketeer gangs here in
indianapolis
The police are to be commended
for their work in this direction, but
the gullible public should have some
inside information on the workings
OF these pools and lotteries, to de-
eide for themselves whether they
are lotteries in fact, or just grand
larceny Swindle schemes.
When the drawing of a quarter
OF million dollars pool on the
Speedway race was made the night
before the race this year, only the
unsold ticket stubs were used, and
as a result not a dollar was put out
for prizes.
It's true that the agents and
ticket sellers got their 25 per cent
cut and received good luncheon
that night, but the ticket buyer had
not a chance.
They call their baseball pool 1.-THE
Midget" when it really is 32,768-
ticket pool that sells out for $8.096
at Is cents chance.
Out of this $8,096 it is possible
for ticket holders to win all of
$1,000, less than cents worth Of
chance for Is cents.
And still they buy them. When
the demand for them is killed by
the knowledge that the buyer has
not a chance, then the promoters
will quit producing them.
A SUBSCRIBER.
Editor Times-"WilI Daley accept
the nomination for GOVERNOR" is
the subject of discussion now pro
and con. There could not be one
more fitting and worthy.
In appraising a mans fitness to
hold Office, his conception of duty
should be given first place.
Indeed, the people of the state
would find it a hard task to think
Of better choice.
Mr.. Daley has shown himself a
splendid public servant as district
attorney.
Socially, he is pleasant and I'M
assuming, and does not care for his
titles and wants to be called Just
Frank.
AS to the World war and the Le-
gion, he was with them heart and
soul and spirit, and sent his two
sons to the front, and he was loyal
to every star and stripe of Old Glory.
Mr.. Daley goes on the sound and
sane theory that the people should
choose the candidate, and not the
candidate himself. Those who seek
popularity so seldom find it.
Mr.. Daley spent his time and
money and made a remarkable race.
We feel that he is justly entitled to
another trial, hands down, if he will
accept it. He has never said en-
phatically that he will not accept
it, if rendered the nomination, and
if he is too modest to seek it, we
are in favor Of draft, that we may
have another Ralston for Governor.
r. w. SANFORD.
217l5 North Illinois street.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-07-16

third rubber and go to bed angry
and broken hearted. He had lost
$1.36, but his soul was scared by de-
feat.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-07-16

machine has been invented to solve mathemat-
ical problems by of the light an electric eye
Every problem, of course will be shining example
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-07-16
M. E. Tracy

All Right, but IrreSpOnsl-
bic, Cosby Scandal Is All
Wrong.
NEW YORK, July 15.-After six
IN years Of costly litigation, Albert
B. Fall bows to the inevitable, agree
ing to serve an extra day in order
that he may be committed to the
jail at Santa Fe, N. NJ.
There is irony in the fact that he
helped to build this very jail.
There is also irony in the fact
that while he was convicted of
having taken a bride from Edward
L. Doheny, the latter was found in
nocent Of having given him one.
Just try to explain that to some
kid if you want to find out how
funny it really is.
We write advertising that children
can understand, but not law.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-07-16

The United states may have the reputation of be-
ing tghtsted in Europe, but there's no denying that
our aviators come across"
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-07-16
1T SEEMS TO ME BY HE EE947S

A N epic battle looms. Ely Gull
IN bertson, the contract bridge
expert, has challenged Sidney S.
LEM to a match to decide which
one is teaching the sounder system
of bidding.
To some small portion of the
world this contest may see a matter
Of no Importance. But the vast ma
jority Of American citizens will hang
upon the result with bated breath.
To them this is more than a world
series or even a battle Of the CEN
tury, for the issue penetrates into
their own private lives.
1t is not too much to say that the
happiness and even the perpetual
ton Of millions of American homes
depend upon the answer to the rid
die, Culbertson Or LEM, LEM or
Culbertson.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-07-16
F foreclosure

NOU see, II a husband and wife
4 in New Rochelle are using the
poorer method of bidding there is
every chance that, in the long run,
home, grounds, garage and car will
go-in fact, will go into the hands
of a. Lenzite.
While it is true that the element
of chance enters into contract, in
the long run soundnesS and mathe-
NAUTICAL fundamentalism must pre-
vail. Accordingly, the big battle will
have a certain mood which is denied
to most sporting events.
There is such thing as lucky
punch which might decide q f1Stic
encounter. Race horses have been
known to be left at the post. And
in a baseball game some sudden ray
of sun in the eyes of the center
fielder may change the whole course
of proceedings.
But when LEM and CulbertSon
strip for action the final result will
be accepted by both as something
foreordained from the beginning Of
time.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-07-16
Evolution

CONTRACT, I think, is the high
~ est achievement which man
has reached in the matter of inven-
tive recreation. Poker is a mere
pauper beside it. say this advised
~, for poker is a game which can
be played with spirit only when the
stakes are large enough to consti-
tute distress money for the partici-
pants.
On the othe4aand. contract can
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-07-16
Rah, Rah, HunCh

IT has almost DarWinian signih-
L canoe for contract bridge is q
game which has grown up from the
primeval jungleS of ordinary whist.
And when the two men, trained to a
fine edge, sit down to their trial by
combat there should most f1ttingly
be cheering sections at either side
of the room.
If the queen Of CulbertSon holds
in f1nesSe I should repect to hear
a long-drawn cheer from his adher-
ents and likewise from the Lenzites
when some particularly daring play
Of that master proves effective.
But suggest to the contestants
that still third section of the
grand stan6lbe reserved for heretics.
And the group might well be re-
cruited from those who say, "a
plague on both your houses"
There ought to be some repre-
sentation for that vast army which
plays contract without any system
whatsoever-the noble band of
those who lead from inspiration and
discard from fright. And in that
portion of the stands I hope to
secure a seat for myself.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-07-16
SCIENCE
BY DAVID DIETZ.

and Lakes in CeaseLess
Change; Erosion, EUGpOrG-
ton and Decay Factors M
T,.o,,c fo,.,,, tim
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-07-13
FINALISTS TO
GO Sc HOLES
Winner to Succeed Armour
As Canadian Open
Champion

TORONTO, Ont, July i3=P-
Walter Hagen, Detroit veteran. and
rercy Alliss. British-horn pro at
2 Wannsee club in Berlin, to-
morrow will play 80 holes in an
effort 70 determine which shall
succeed Tommy Armour as Cana
! open golf champion.
Unruffled by a driving rain. Al
lass rammed home an 1o-foot putt
az the home green late Saturday
afternoon for the birdie three that
enabled him 70 tie Hagen az 287
Q the ~ holes OF the champion
ship proper. The playoff for the
title was put over until Tuesday
because Alliss already was booked
o exhibition matches yesterday
and today.
Hagen had the championship ap-
parently sewed up until the last
four holes OF his fourth round. At
that point he held what looked like
o safe lead but he messed his tee
shot at the 18th and finally tea.
six and then slipped one over par
Tour at the 18th. He got his pars
az the nth and 18th but by that
time the damage had been done.
Alliss, six strokes behind after 63
holes, used up only 80 strokes on
his last nine and climaxed a dis
play OF brilliant golf with that long
putt az the 18th that he needed 50
badly.