davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times., 1931-01-09

5:30-One Time Opportunities.
6:00-Public Service Man.
6:0S-Sambo and Ed.
6:15-March of Music.
6:30-Kohala Melody Boys.
e:45-Seba Christie, tenor; Lena
Kash, pianist.
7:15-Musicai InterIude,
J:2O-Late News Flashes from The
Washington Herald.
7:30-Sydnor's Orchestra,
S:00-Good Evening.
10000 to 12-Midnight Dance Music.
The Washington times., 1931-01-09
Minister to Liberia
Will Sail TUeSdGY

Charles E. Mitchell, recently ap-
pointed minister and consul gen.
eral to Liberia, will sail to take up
his duties on next Tuesday from
New York City. Mr.. Mitchell is a
former WaShingtonian and bust
ness manager of West Virginia
State College. He Wi succeed w.
r. Francis, colored minister to
that country, who died two years
ago,
The Washington times., 1931-01-09
Firm Appeals Fine
To Test Va. Sian LdLU

FRONT ROYAL, Va, Jan. 9.
The General outdoor Advertising
Company charged by the State
highway commission with unlaw-
fully maintaining signs In War
zen county, was convicted here
before Judge Walter G. OlmStead
and fined 500 and costs.
An appeal by the company for
the purpose Of testing the con-
Stitutionality of the law was
The Washington times., 1931-01-09

w HAT most people call indiges-
ton is usually excess acid in the
stomach. Food has soured. The
instant remedy is an alkali which
neutralizes acids. But don't use
crude helps. Use what your doctor
would advise.
The best help is Phillips Milk
of Magnesia. For the so years
since it's invention, it has re-
mained standard with physicians
You will find nothing else so quick
in it's effect, so harmless, Sc
efficient.
The Washington times., 1931-01-09
6SOk-WMAL-476nr

A. NJ.
10:O0-Columbia Mixed Quartet
10:30-Pot of Gold.
10:45-Columbia Salon Orchestra.
11:OO-Emily Post.
11:15-Cooking travelogues.
11:30-"Common Sense for Mothers"
11:45-Helen Howe.
P. NJ.
12:00-Paul Tremaine's Orchestra.
12:3O-Columbia revue.
1:O0-Lotus Orchestra.
1:30-Tucker's Orchestra.
2:00-Mildred Johnson, contralto, and
Charles Carlisle, tenor
2:S0-American School of the Air.
3:00-United States Marine Band
Orchestra.
3:45-"Magnetism of the Earth"
400-Curtis Institute of Music.
4:45-The weather man.
4:55-Rhythm Ramblers.
5:00-"Topics of the Times in the
Realm of Society,""
S:15-selections from Trial By
Jury"
B:sO-oscar wildeS THE Selfish
Giant"
6:45-News flashes.
6:OO-Time and program reSumS.
6:02-Civic talk.
6:15-Auto show.
6:3O-Time.
S:31-Paul Trsmaine's Orchestra.
6.45-Tony's Scrap Book.
7:00~-Morton Downey.
7:15-Jimmy and Jane.
7:45-McAIeer Melodists.
The Washington times., 1931-01-09
FIRE DESTROYS ART

VIENNA, Jan. 9 G.N.S0-
Numerous objects of art were de-
stroyed when Hohenwerfen Castle
in the mountains near Salzburg
burst into flames. The fire
broke out in the library Of the
castle, which was built in 1916.
The Washington times., 1931-01-09
RADIO PROGRAMS



1O:OO-National Home Hour.
11;OO-Music Appreciation Hour.
12:0O-Food Market Review.
p. NJ.
12:15-Luncheon Ensemble.
l2:30-Farm and Home Hour.
1:30-Organ Recital.
2:30-Edna Wallace Hopper.
2:45-Melody Three.
3:OO-Child Study Association.
3:15-Concert by U. S. Navy Band.
4:09-"Women take Another Step"
by Mrs. Vernon Kellogg
4:10-Radio Guild presenting THE
Second Mrs. Tanqueray."
5:00-Lady Next Door.
5:30-Tea Timers.
5:49-Time.
5:5O-Keeping mp with The Times.
6:OO-Shoreham Concert Orchestra.
6:30-Dodge Program.
6:45-Uncle Abe and David.
7:00-Amos m Andy.
7:15-College Memories
7:30-Old Company's Program.
Societies Service Orchestra.
9:0O-Clicquot Club Eskimos.
9:S0-Enna Jettick Songbird.
9:45-General Pershing's Troubadours
over There.
10:00-Crime Prevention Hour,
10:30-R-K-O Program.
11:00-Annual Banquet National So
journers Club.
11:30-Weather.
11:31-Slumber Music.
12:OO-Jimmie Garrigan's Orchestra.
l2:SO-Palais dor Orchestra.
The Washington times., 1931-01-09

12:10-Luncheon Music.
12:30-Paul d. Gable, Organist.
1:00-Signing Off.
3:3O-Good AFTERNOON, Everybody.
3:45-Tea Time Chat.
4:15-With Great Composers.
4:45-Your Astrological Chart, by
Virginia T. Dawson.
B:00-Aerial Columnist,
5:O5-SpOrtOrial from The Washing
ton Herald.
5:10-Musical Interlude.
5:15-Harriett Hawley Locher.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-11-17

shop paper committees should gradually be done
away with. Instead, the agt prop departments
OF the districts and sections must be directly
responsible for this work-assigning ono Of its
members for this activity. The units (nucleD
issuing shop papers must be themselves respon-
sible for this work, involving all its members.
and drawing in workers from the shop into this
activity. The comrades must remember: once .
shop paper is issued, it must appear regularly
every month, else there is really no point in is
suing shop paper at all
The National Hunger March.
In connection with the National Hunger
March, our shop papers have a great task to
perform. In special communications to the vari.
Gus shop paper editors; in the National shonj
Paper Editor for November, the Agit Prop Deptl.
c. c., has given some special directives on how
the shop paper should become a real weapon
in uniting the employed and unemployed work.
ers in the struggles for immediate unemployment
relief and social insurance. Our shop papers
must pay closest attention to these directiyes
and carry them Through.
Because of the November celebrations and the
National Hunger March, we may see an "up.
swing In the number of shop papers in Noven1.
Der and December But unless the comrades
have 1t In mind right now, that II they issue 4
shop paper 1t must be Of lasting nature, It usl
come out regularly, unless this happens thee
casual increases" will not solve the problem a
fluctuations in shop papen I
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-11-17
BY BURCK

ers and children of Harlan County.
Il want to see the National Miners Union go
on with their fight and anything that I can do
to help, am willing to do. Don't let those gun
thugs scare you and because of everything they
do, try to DO more to help organize the National
Miners Union, for if we fail the dirty coal oper-
ators and sheriff Blairs thugs will do us worse
than they have ever done
Work all you can in helping organize against
these gangsters they have here from Maryland
New York, Va, and w. Va.
II wouldn't want people to look down on me
like these thugs are looked on My husband gave
his life up for all o. the people, not for one but
for all and when we took him to Jelico to bury
him, the sneaking sorry bunch, sheriff Blair
went out to the swimming pool kitchen about
three different times, searching through my
trunks an dresser drawers"
Telling of the action of Harlan miners wives
preparing to back up the men in the forthcom-
ing strike, Mrs. Clarence Brogdon, said:
Much has been said and great deal has been
written, but the actual starvation conditions will
never be known.
Under the leadership Of the National Miners
Union we women are fighting side by side with
our husbands. The National Miners Union relief
kitchen is feeding about 100 persons daily about
60 percent are children of the miners of Wallins
Greek, there are hundreds of little children in
our community that are under-nourished, haven't
sufficient clothing and no books to attend school
Our homes have been raided without warrants
or Justification of a raid.
Houses have been broken up because the
fathers have been forced to leave their homes
My husband was forced to leave his home three
months ago. Why? Some of you may not X, ow
Because of his activities in the National Miners
Union, helping the men to organize trying to
better the miserable conditions under which the
miners are working today.
He has not given up his work, but is in the
northern cities today, soliciting aid for the relief
of the Harlan County miners and their families
They are going to be taken care of during this
struggle. They will not starve unless they go
back to work, they cannot hope for anything but
a bare existence under the conditions unless they
lay down their tools
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-11-17
Shop Papers and Shop Work

rested too much in the hands OF one comrade or
even group of comrades who became the So
called 'spetz' (specialists) in this work AS soon
as these comrades left the city or unit; as soon
as they were transferred to other phases Of
Party activity, the shop paper died. without
much chance of resurrection.
Another reason for these deaths" is the lack
of planned work in the shop and the lack of
carefulness In starting shop papers. Our COM
rades have not yet learned that shop paper
cannot be started in shop mine or MILL ETC.,
before we have real organizational base for is
suing paper. PAPERS were started in shops
where there were no nuclei or any form of united
front organization in the shops grievance COM
mittees department or shop committees etc.
The paper comes out once or twice with mo re-
suits" and the comrades decide-"weI, it's
enough. We tried and did not succeed"
But there is still another reason and this is
the most dangerous one. Comrades don't see the
need in regularity Of shop papers. There are
shops, mines and mills where we have shop
nuclei; where papers come out, but very irregu-
larly. 1t appears one month, misses the next
comes out again and again disappears
Just as we are now attempting to bring in
planfulness and new methods, in shop work, just
as much must we bring this into our shop paper
work. Such papers should not be started on hot
air, but on a real organizational base.
The practice Of "one man" shop paper work
must swiftly be abolished District and Section
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-11-17

compelled to take organizatonal measures against
the members of the National Miners Union, who
resorted to jimcrow practices
The major mistakes in connection with our
work among the Negroes during the strike can
be summarized:
1. Lateness in working out program Of de-
mands for the Negro miners
O. Not linking up the struggle for better con-
ditons with the struggle against jimcowisn,
segregation, etc.
a. Not popularizng sufficiently the L. s. N. r.
and Liberator.
Wherever this applied, we must register,
despite the shortcomings, definite progress in our
work among the miners. When the miners went
back to work, and the union began to reorientate
the struggle from district to local demands and
grievances, the Union correctly put forward the
demand mo discrimination against the strikers,
especially against Negro strikers" This was
correct and served on one hand to convince the
Negroes that we are fighting against the special
discrimination imposed by the bosses against the
militant Negro workers, and on the other hand
TO mobilize the white miners for the fight for
the Negroes part and parcel of the general
struggle.
The beginnings of carrying through of cor
course OF the strike showed splendid results The
Union and the Party succeeded in bringing
splendid elements who are devoted to our move
ment end show tremendous possibility for
leadership
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-11-17
Achievements and Mistakes of Our
Work Among Negroes in
the Miners Strike

how tolerated the Negro miner but after the
strike there always occurred a wave of djscrin
lnatlon on the part of the bosses as well as of
the union ourocrats. 1t was, therefore, especially
important to convince the Negro miner that not
only does the National Miners Union defend his
interests in the mine, but that this is the or
ganization which, hand In hand with struggle
for better conditions fights also for his specific
rights
Even as regard to the economic demands were
we behind. Not until late we considered the
question Of special demands for Negro miners
who are put at the most dangerous work who
are given the dirtiest Jobs who are employed in
the worst mines The special demands we're not
concrete enough, and this in ITSELF was serious
mistake. Furthermore in the course Of the
struggle, when we succeeded in mobilizing thous-
ands of miners, strikers and unemployed in our
hunger marches and demonstrations, we had a
splendid opportunity to smash the jimcrow habits
In such towns as Canonsburg, Brownsville, ETC.
Thousands Of miners, and among them Negro
miners, were fighting the Fagns and Murrays
and their scheme to smash the strike right in
the same town In Canonsburg, where there exists
1mcrowism similar to that Of the South; and it
was our task at that time to mobilize the miners
In the struggle aginst this jncrowism.
What was the eject of our mistake?
1t has serious effect. The unity that existed
In the strike, was primarily unity narrowly con-
sidered necessity for winning the strike The
white miners from experience in the past, and
especially them our agitation, understand that
without unity Of the white and Negro miners the
struggle would not and could not be won; and
this gave better approach, more united action,
and more solidarity on the part of the white
workers
But this Is not sufficient II was our task to
convince the miners that the unity Of Negro and
white workers is more basic one, that we are
fighting for full .eqality OF the Negro masses
against segregation, against every form Of dis
elimination. Gould we find better opportunity
to convince and mobilize the white workers for
the struggle of the Negro rights than by a real
fight, during the strike against segregation, jim
crowism, discrimination etcP
The effects of this mistake was shown later
When the strike was in It's decline, when thous-
ands of miners went back to work due to terror,
hunger and evctions we could notice an in
creased tempo of white chauvinistic acts, which
showed that the unity was not deep enough
among the white miners. When relief became
more scarce, discrimination In relief became
evident. In the Brownsville section the union was
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-11-17
Women Folk OF Harlan Miners
Prepare for Strike

Miners wives in Harlan and Bell counties, will
be in the forefront when the strike breaks there
against starvation. They have played and are
playing heroic role The present struggle sees
the miners wives taking part in building the
union running the relief stations, and building
up the most powerful Women's Auxiliary of the
entire National Miners Union.
At mass meeting held in Wallns Creek Ken
lucky, Mrs. Baldwin, wife of miner who was
murdered at Workers International Relief Kit
chen, told of her determination to carry on the
struggle of building the National Miners Union
for which her husband died The following is
her speech in her own words
Sheriff John Henry Blairs thugs took the life
of my husband because he was a member of the
National Miners Union, and was active and aid
ing and assisting the starving miners, wives and
little children. 1 know every mothers feeling
that is left a widow by this thugging outfit For
I have four little children The oldest one is
just years old
AFTER Lee Fleenor, deputy sheriff, paid by the
coal operators, shot my husband down and ran
on to tell sheriff John Henry all about what he
had done, and Fleenor and several more came
back to the swimming pool soup kitchen to
search. After they had search through my bed
room and didn't find anything, they wanted to
hid. told them we didn't have any guns
They started back to town and that famous
thug Joe Meyers, started back from the swim
ming pool from where they had their cars parked
and said he going to see what that damn
soup house looked like. Lee Fleenor hollered and
told him that he searched and came in, he said,
just for a little he would blow up that god damn
place into hell Mrs. Holder asked him if he
didn't know there were women and little children
there. He said, he didn't give damn for them,
he would just as soon blow them into hell as
not.
Their purpose for killing Joe Moore and my
husband was because we all lived at the swim
ming pool kitchen and cooked and fed the little
starving children, for kitchen at that time
was feeding the miners twice day and my hus-
band was secretary and was out day and night
cumming and soliciting aid for the hungry min
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-11-17
BY A. MILLS

IN the struggle of the miners in Western Penn
= 5ylvania, West Virginia and Eastern Ohio, our
Party was confronted with new problems While
some of the phases have been discussed in our
press, the phase of our Negro work and the
experiences derived from it we're not sufficiently
brought forward.
In the course of the strike we succeeded in
bringing unity of the white and Negro miners
who fought shoulder to shoulder against their
common enemy, the coal operators, the bosses
government and their fascist agents the UMWA
officials.
Many Negro miners have been drawn in to the
leadership Of the NJ M. u, occupying important
positions in the section and district organizs-
tons of the union, as well as nationally The
workers understood splendidly the slogan of
unity, as prerequisite for a successful struggle
against the bosses. Such solidarity was never
witnessed before We saw for the first time
thousands OF Negro workers joining our union,
fighting miltantly on the pIcket line, white
workers nominating and electing Negro workers
into leadership of the union defending Negro
workers when attacked by the state troopers and
deputy sheriffs.
OF course these are achievements of our Party
achievements which cannot be overestinated We
must, however understand not only that our
Party fights for the economic interests OF the
ones who fighting for social and political
equality of the Negro masses, the only ones who
are fighting against jimcrowism and segregation.
For the Negro masses in the country, faced
with lynching and most inhuman conditions i'm
posed upon them by the white ruling class the
struggle for the economic demands of the work
ing-ciass in general has some or the character
of unreality unles it is actively coupled with the
struggle for the Negro rights. Furthermore the
ability to unite the Negro and white workers for
the economic struggles lies primarily in our ability
to convince the Negro workers, that the
revolutionary unions and our Party are fighting
for the Negro rights against jmcrowisrn
While it is true that the Negro miners saw In
our Union, not only an organization for the white
miner, but an organization of the Negro and
white, nevertheless this Is not sufficient Yes the
National Miners Union treats the Negro miners
equally with the whites, but who will defend the
Negro miners from the onslaught OF race dis
elimination in the mines, in the patches, in the
surants and recreation places,
2ecially with experiences the miners had In
r1st v,.h the United Mine Workers Of Am
lea wher, during strike, the Officials some
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-11-17

BY Z. S.
WITHIN the last few months there was a def
" mite sharp decline in the number of our
shop papers. In July, we had % shop papers in
existence. This dwinded down to IL in August
After many communications and great stimula-
ton on the part of the Agit Prop Dept. G. c..
the number rose again to II in September but
went down to 7 in October.
The Thirteenth Plenum of our Party has
stressed the Importance Of shop work, by taking
up concretely tbs methods to be pursued in work.
ing In the shops. The 18th Plenum pointed out
that shop papers are one Of our best means to
reach the workers in the shops, to explain to
them the position of our Party in their every
day needs and demands and organize the work.
ers in the shops for struggle
The shop is our collective propagandist,' agi-
tator and organizer" in the shop where 1t ap-
pears, just the central organ of the Party
serves this purpose for the entire working class
Why the Decline?
What are the reasons for the decline In the
number of our shop papers?
1t is certainly not because our shop work has
slackened down since the 18th Plenum On the
contrary, our shop work, in many districts has
greatly improved since our last plenum, and is
on the upgrade.
The main trouble lies with our Qong standing)
bad practice in shop paper work as well as in
shop work generally.
Tho issuing Of shop papers has heretofore
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-11-17
Spiked!

In the N. r World Telegram Of Nov I, the
gal who becams notorious as the most reckless
1iaress living Eve Garrette Grady sprung the fol-
lowing:
"Apropos of your editorial on Costly Coal, 1t
may interest you to know that in Soviet Russia,
the workmans paradise, the accident rate In coal
Mines according to Bolshevik testimony is 1000
deaths for every 100000 tons of coal mined
In quite decided contrast to our own rate Of
approximately three and half deaths per 1ooo,-
900 tons mined"
Already in the New Republic" of Sep 9, q
letter by Joseph Freeman said:
Among other things, Mrs. Grady poses as an
expert on Soviet coal mining. She had asserted.
for instance that fatalities in Russian coal mines
are 1000 per million tons Of coal produced. Mr.
James H. Pierce, e-president of Stuart James
and Cooke, an American engineering firm which
has been working in the Donetz Basin for several
years, had denied Mrs. Grady's statements In =
recent letter to The Coal Age Mr.. Pierce dec
clared that instead Of 1000 fatalities per million
tons coal mined, the actual number is only 10, as
compared to rs in Pennsylvania. Furthermore,
if fatalities are calculated not on the basis Of
tonnage but on the basis of number Of workers
employed in the industry, Soviet fatalities are
224 per 10000 miners as compared with 46 per
10000 miners in the United States.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-11-17
The Farmer-Laborites Strike a Blow"
at Unemployment
BY VIM. SCHNEIDERMAN.

"cTRIKE BLOW Against Unemployment" was
the slogan which elected Floyd B. Olson as
Governor of Minnesota and VIM. A. Anderson
as mayor Of Minneapolis on the Farmer-Labor
ticket. Their demagogy completely fooled thou
sands of workers, whose votes piled up huge ma
jorities for the Farmer-Labo candidates. The
past few months has witnessed widespread dis
illusionment among these same workers il the
Farmer-Labor Party. In Minneapolis alone. there
are $1,000 who are unemployed. What has been
done for the unemployed by the Farmer
Labortes?
Governor Olson does not speak about "unem-
ployment insurance" any more He is busy adj
dressing conventions of the Minnesota Bankers
Association, assuring them that the State Ad-
ministration would do everything in its power
to cooperate with the banks" to safeguard their
investments. He is busy signing bills passed by
the State Legislature running into millions of
dollars, for National Guard arnories and train
ing camps. The governor has thoroughly ex-
posed himself as the agent of the bankers and
the mining companies in spite of the Farmer
Labor Partys claim to be representative of
labor
Mayor Anderson's Record
Mayor Anderson Of Minneapolis has lust as
good" a record on the question of unemploy-
ment relief His first act after election was to
appoint as Chief of Police a notorious strike
breaker, who proceeded to prohibit workers
meetings the streets. It was only the most
determined struggle put up by the workers that
won the right to hold street meetings. The city's
relief department gives an average of 81 per
week for groceries to an unemployed worker, on
condition that he is a citizen and resident
The mayors latest scheme for relief" is moth
ing less than forced labor. A few hundred work
ers are given few weeks work on the stagger
plan, and are permanently taken off the relief
lists Of the city. Those workers who are given
jobs, and for some reason fail to show up, GO
TO JAIL Mayor Anderson made this threat In
a public statement which has already aroused
widespread indignation among the workers.
The City Hunger March on Friday Nov goth.
under the leadership of the Unemployed Coun-
Gil, will rally the unemployed workers of Mime
apos to demand immediate relief from the city
and to fight for unemployment insurance. 1t
will also ratify the delegation for the National
Hunger March to Washington, D. c. Workers,
fight the "Farmer-Labor" takers, the third party
Of the bosses! Vote Communist in the next cleo
tons! Support the Hunger March!