davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1931-12-26
de VALERA. IN NEXT ELECTION.
TO FIGHT OATH OF ALLEGIANCE
Leader Declares Irish Owe
No FeaIty to England or
England's King.
Also Crlticizes Expenditure
for Army, saying Its Only
Use Is Suppression.
BY the Associated Z Fess

BY the Associated ress
WATERFORD, Ireland. December 26.
The policy win which De Valera will
fight the next election was indicated
by the irish leader speaking here when
he asked for mandate for the re-
moval of the oath of allegiance from
the constitution and the retention of
the land annuities.
He also criticized expenditure for the
army, declaring its only purpose was
to keep down Irishmen"
He wanted to make it clear. De Va
lera said, that the Irish owe no fealty
to England or to Englands King.
The oath, he said. was not imposed
by the treaty, and what made it effect
i've was the articles of the constitution.
Men who maintained that 1t was part
of the treaty forgot that the men who
drew the draft constitution and SUBJ
mitted it to Lloyd George did not in
clude the oath in it.
Removing the oath from the consti-
tuition would not be violating the
treaty, De Valera said.
Referring to expenditures on the army.
De Valera said Ireland is spending
81 100000 yearly on its upkeep. What
Is the army to protect Ireland against?"
he asked. There was only one reason
| tor the maintenance of the army, he
declared, that was to enforce the treaty
and keep down Irishmen who might be
| inclined to follow in the footsteps of
other Irishmen and try to gain free
dom by force
Referring to what he called scare
statement by President CoSgrave, De
Evening star., 1931-12-26
ARTHUR M. NYMAN,54,
DROPS DEAD IN STORE
Bank Teller Stricken When He
Stops to Make Christmas
Day Purchase.

Arthur M. Nyman, 81 year old.
teller Of the American Security &
Trust Co., died suddenly yesterday wh.n
stricken in drug store at the corner
OF Connecticut avenue and Mckinley
street. He was rushed TO Emergency
Hospital, where he was pronounced dead
on arrival.
Mr., Nyman had gone from his home.
at 38o8 JOcalyn street, to make a pur-
cn3Se at the store.
native OF this city, Mr. Nyman was
graduate of Central High School and
had long been active here in the Ma
sonic fraternity. He belonged to St,
Johns Lodge, T A, A. M
He is survived BY his widow, Mrs,
Eleanor Langvoigt Nymsn; a daugh-
ter Elm Jane Nyman; his mother, Mrs.
Charles E. Nyman, and two sisters, Miss
Eima Nyman and Miss Mildred Nyman.
His father, the late Charles E. Nyman,
vas secretary of the National Savings
d Trust Co, until his death some l3
years ago.
Funeral arrangements are to be an
nounced later.
Evening star., 1931-12-26
CHRISTMAS DEAD
IN j. s. TOTAL zoo
Majority of Fatalities Due to
Auto Crashes-poison
Liquor Kills Nine.
BY the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
Americas dead in the Christmas OBJ
servance reached the 200 mark today.
At least l8s persons met sudden
deaths A majority OF them died in
automobile fatalities, lured to the high
ways by the comparatively mild weather
that prevailed throughout the country.
Pansies and violets continued to rear
their heads in some sections and snow
was at a premium. Even in Ketchikan,
Alaska, parents had to use dixie cotton
instead Of snow to satisfy the young
sters, while the boys up in Mora, Mimi
got out their base ball bats and de-
feated the team from the neighboring
town OF Ogilvie, to /,
In Chicago woman found her
Janitor out working up a Christmas
day appetite by n wing the grass on
the front lawn
1t was chilly in the East, but the
weather man predicted the heat wave
would return today Warmer weather
in the Middle West was also forecast
OF the fatalities, more than ls0 re-
suited from automobile mishsps, OF
these. approximately half occurred in
the MiddleWest.
Seven died in a grade crossing acci-
dent at Batavia, N Y. Burns, falls
and fireworks were among the causes
OF other deaths. while nine were re-
ported dead from poison liquor. Five
OF the holiday liquor fatalities were in
Pittsburgh
Evening star., 1931-12-26

Valera said he admitted there were
grave dangers in Ireland
1T would be a grave danger" he
said. IF the arms that were intended
to maintain the rights of the Irish
people IS a whole should be divided
and used for sectional purposes.
Il was not afraid that Russian gold
was coming in here. l was not afraid
that Communism was going to be sud-
denly taken up by the Irish people
The only danger that I can see to
social order in this state is one spring.
ing from circumstances within this
country and nowhere else
L am prepared to suggest deliberate
y that Mr.. CoSgrave was by no means
lCath to make up circumstances that
he found at hand into score suitable
to civ? him back power for the next
Ave years"
Referring to the land annuities, De
Valera said he didn't propose that the
farmers should stop paying. but that
the money should be retained at home
Evening star., 1931-12-26
SLAYER Is GUILL0TINED

PARIS, December 26 R.-George
Gauchet. who refused to make plea
for clemency, died on the guillotine at
dawn today for the Staying of an aged
jeweler He was Is.
1T would take miracle to save me. ,
he told his lawyer. Il deserve to die. ;
He refused the sacramentS, confes-
sion and communion, but attended mass
before the knife fell. A crowd attempt
ed in vain to witness the execution
twice breaking police cordons.
Evening star., 1931-12-26
RADICAL PROGRAM
IN 1882 DOUBTED
Democrats Expected to
Stress Lower Expenses,
and Equitable Taxes.
BY DAVID LAWRENCE.

Although the general public may not
have Sensed it, there is here intense
curiosity as to what the legislative pro-
gram of the Democrats is to be when
the Joint Committee in charge Of policy
makes Its decisions next week.
Whatever the Democrats determine to
put in their plans may be expected to
be the basis of the national issues on
which they will fight the presidential
and congressional campaign in 1882.
Hints as to the program likely to be
adopted by the Democrats alree dy have
been given They indicate the following:
First, demand that Government ex-
penses be cut by at least $500. 100000
Second, tax plan that will not affect
incomes earned during 1881, but will
give the taxpayer an opportunity to ad-
Just ms affairs so as to pay increases in
March 1888
Third, an insistence that the Federal
Government strengthen its employment
service along the lines of the Wagner
bill vetoed by the President last year.
Other measures and policies no doubt
will be included but the three OBJ
jectives cover the jor issues, which
might be stated thus: Cut expenses
spread the taxes equitably and get
every man Job
Just how Government expenses can
be cut by $500, 900. 900 is another story
Senator Borah thinks there should be a
10 per cent cut in all Federal salaries
above 81 900 year. with the exception
of the judiciary. This would save some,
but it wouldn't amount to MANY mil
lions. A cut Of $500. 5000 would be
about rs per cent of the total Fedora
budget outside of public debt and Army
and Navy expenditures. II the Repub-
licans say they can't do it, the Demo-
cratic answer will be, Put us in power
and we'll show you how"
AS a matter of fact, much of the
legislative program probably will be
political. But the Democrats have in
dicated at the same time that they
will not obstruct reconstruction meas
ures. They will have their own amend
mentS and will probably rewrite some
of the bills suggested by the admin
istration.
Efforts to revise the tariff will be
made by individual Democrats, but it
is unlikely that tariff revision will be
included as party policy for 1892.
This is because the dislocation of ex-
changes and tariff readjustments are
so numerous and complicated that the
situation is changing almost from week
to week, More power may be sought
by the administration for the Tariff
Commission and this may precipitate
debate. but a definite revision of the
tariff such as was made in the last
session CT Congress will not be under
taken
The Democrats feel confident Of VIC
tory in 1882, "ence they are trying to
avoid the impression that theirs Is a
party of obstruction or impairment of
business confidence At the moment
the Democratic chieftains are conduct
ing drive for funds in all parts of the
country which means that as usual the
conservative elements in the party are
for the time being in control and likely
to have a good deal of influence in
shaping the course Of the Democrats in
both House of Congress. The trend of
the Democrats is toward conservatism
instead of radiCalism.
(Copyrlght, 1881 by Consolidated Press)
Evening star., 1931-12-26
CHARLES S0MERVILLE,
NEWSPAPER MAN, DIES
Succumbs to Mysterious Injuries
After Being Found Un-
conscious.

BY the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, December 90
Charles Somerville, one of the best
known of New York's veteran neWSpa-
per men, died yesterday in hospital
after a brief illness.
He was found unconscious on the
sidewalk in front of West Seventy
third street apartment on Wednesday
morning and died without regaining
consciousness.
He was found to be suffering from a
possible fracture of the skull when
taken to the hospital, but police were
unable to learn how he received the
injury. He was So years old.
Somerville was born in New Orleans.
Before beginning the New York career
that lasted nearly 40 years, Somerville
worked on papers in Asheville, N. c.,
and Philadelphia.
He was a friend of o. Henry and
other literary celebrities and Don Mar
quis once dedicated story, Demon, -
to him.
Since 1919 Somerville had been out
of active newspaper work, devoting his
time to writing fiction, mostly detec-
tive stories.
He is survived by brother, Roy
Somerville, scenario writer in Holly
wood.
Evening star., 1931-12-26
.SERGT. .SPR|NGMANN
of D. c. POLICE DEAD
Sudden Illness Is Fatal to
Head of Capitals Homi-
eide Squad.

Headquarters Detective Sergt. James
A. Springmann, head of the police homi-
eide squad and veteran of many years
service with the Police Department
died at his home. ACT Maryland avenue
southwest. early today after a sudden
illness He was SIS years old
Sergt. Springmanns death was be-
lieved due to acute indigestion, He hao
bsen ailing for several days, and, wher
his condition grew rapidly worse, the
Emergency Hospital ambulance was
summoned and the physician pro-
nounced him dead upon arrival.
Flags on all police buildings here were
ordered placed at half staff until after
the funeral Arrangements for the lat
ter are to be announced later.
Springmann joined the police force
January is, 1900. He resigned in 1901
to become a civilian station keeper and
desk sergeant. He rejoined the force
in 1902.
During 81 years service with the
police, Springmann received numerous
concentrations for efficient service.
In 1925 he asked the Board of Med
ical Examiners to retire him. The re-
quest was refused after physical eX-
animation. Again last year he asked
to be retired because of i'll health
but the board of examiners again re-
fused the request.
He first went to police headquarters
as detective sergeant in 1908 Some
five months ago he was promoted to
head the homicide squad succeeding
Capt. Edward J. Kelly, who was given
the full rank of captain and placed in
command of No. police station
Springmann also had served at Nos. 8
S and 10 precincts.
Sergt. Springmann was widely known
among the veteran members of the
force and was much liked for his cheer
full disposition, both in dealing with
members of the force, the press and
other citizens
He is survived by his widow, Mrs
Lena Springmann, and six children
Evening star., 1931-12-26
BILL ASKS SYSTEM
| IN AIR PROMOTIONS
Measure Offered by Repre-
sentative James Would Over.
come Inequalities.

Creation Of a separate promotion list
for flying oficers Of the Army Air
Corps below the grade of colonel Is
provided in bill introduced BY Rep
resentative James Of Michigan, ranking
Republican member of the House Mill
tary Affairs Committee.
+ The bill, introduced after months of
STUDY OF Air Corps conditions at vari-
Gus Army posts while James was chair
man OF the committee, IS said 10 nave
the backing of Air Corps oficers in
general
1t would provide for a system Of
promotion designed TO overcome in
equalltleS resulting from the rapid
turnover Of Air Corps personnel, which
leaves many officers holding commits
slons as lieutensnts Shouldering the
responsibilities of officers of much
hlgher rank, Many of the Air Corps
hrSt heutenantS have been officers since
the World War.
Provision for Promotion.
In general, the bill provides that
Air Corps flying officers shall be pro-
NOTED TO the grade of first lieutenant
Vhen credited with years commits
stoned service, to the grade of captain
when credited with years service. to
.he grade of ma ior when credited with
II years. to the grade of lieutenant
colonel when credited with 90 wears
and to the grade of colonel when cred
tied with 26 years.
The number of Air Corps colonies is
united to not less than nor more
than per cent of the total number
OF Air Corps officers and limitations
are placed on the number Of lieu
H1C
Plan for Retirement.
The measure provides that when an
officer of the Air Corps has served 30
years, either as an officer or soldier,
he Shall, if he makes application 10
the President. be retired from active
service. Time and a half is TO be
credited for all time spent on actual
flying duty in computing retirement
time. 1t also is provided that fiving
oflcers OF the Air Corps may be re-
tired on reaching the age of "a years
Othcers OF the Air Corps who become
physically disqualified for the perform
ance OF duty as flying officers shall
be eligible for retirement for physical
disability under the terms of the bill.
An ofhcer of the Air Corps, under
the James bill, may, upon request, be
| transferred to another branch of the
service but in doing so loses his stand
ing on the Air Corps promotion list
and takes the rank and grade in his
new branch to which the laws govern
ing the branch entitle him on the basis
OF the length Of his commissioned
service
The measure, which in many of its
details is new, was referred to the
Military Affairs Committee
Evening star., 1931-12-26
BAND CONCERT.

BY the United States Soldiers Home
Band this evening at Stanley Hall at
500 O'Clock. John S, M. Zimmerman,
bandmaster; Anton. Pointner, assistant.
March, "Klown Paers". rs"............B Ball
Overture, THE Hermits Bell. Maillart
A suite d'orchestre, Cinderella Hosmer
BY the Hearth" "Godmother and the
Royal Nuptials.'
Excerpts from musical comedy, THE
Rise of Rosie O'Reilly". .Cohan
Tango, Argentine Nights" "a media
Waltz, My Lady Laughter" -. Blanke
Finale, "Adios My Senorita". .Zamecnik
The Star Spangled Banner"
Evening star., 1931-12-26
VETERAN OF SPANISH
WAR KILLED BY CAR
Anne Arundel Resident Is Struck
by Auto Near Laurel
Last Night.
BY stafT Correspondent of The Star

pF d SldH correspondent OF The star.
LAUREL, Md, December 26.-Charles
Reed a Spanish-American War veteran
living in Anne Arund-l County, near
h:re, was fatally injured last night,
when struck by an automobile, driven,
po1ce say, by Andrew B Vorrath 1900
block of Thirty-hrst street, Mount
Rainier.
Reed was rushed to Sibley Hospital
by passing motorist, but pronounced
dead on arrival.
Stat Policeman John H. Doud ar
rested Vorrath on chsrges of driving
while drunk and reckless driving. JUS
tice of the Peace H. M. Scott also order
ed that the man be held for the action
OF coroner's jury which will hold an
inquest Monday night. His bond was
SGT at $1,000.
According to police, Reed h alight-
ed from his car at a gasoline station
ne2F here, when struck by Vorraths
machine. The officers say two other
men were in the car with Re.d.
Evening star., 1931-12-26
THR0NG AT FUNERAL
OF FIEND'S VICTIM
Cincinnati Police No Nearer Solu-
ton of Murder of 6-Year-0ld
Marian Mclean.
BY the Associated Press.


CINCINNATI, Ohio, December 90
Friends of little Marian Mclean gath
cred for her funeral services today as
police found themselves apparently no
nearer than ever to solution of the kid
naping and Staying of the 6-year"old
girl
The gifts that had been ready Tor
Marian's Christmas lay untouched at
her home Her estranged father and
mother reunited by their common grief,
were at the home of a relative at ELS
mere, KY, near here.
A house toulouse search OF the nelgn-
borhood where Marian's body was found
last Tuesday and questioning OF num-
Der of suspects has failed to produce
the man who kidnapped her eight days
ago Police are awaiting the outcome
of chemical tests of the contents OF her
stomach and of foreign substances ap-
pearing on the clothes OF both Marian
and one of the suspects.
Joseph Mclean, father OF the slain
girl, arrived last night from Phoenix
Ariz, Tears streamed down his face as
he was reunited with Mrs. Mclean.
Evening star., 1931-12-26
MONUMENT DEDICATED
TO 5 ITALIAN AIRMEN
Gen. Balbo, Who Headed Flight to
Brazil, Presides at Portuguese
Guinea Exercises.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press
BOLAMA Portuguese Guinea de-
cember 26.-A monument to five Italian
avlators killed at the start of the last
lap of Gen. Balbos flight to Brazil with
IL seaplanes last January, was dedi-
notables
Practically all those surviving of the
56 pilots, navigators, wireless operators
and mechanics who took off from
Bolama, for Port Natal, Brazil, were
present.
The five honored To-Day were killed in
the fall OF two planes One crashed
into the sea during its takeoff, killing
the mechanic. The other crashed some
miles from the start and took the lives
of ell four occupants. This men injured
in the first fall were present today.
Three famous aviators, who success
fully made the South American flight,
were mourned yesterday together with
their five unsuccessful comrades. One
was Col. Meddalena, hero of the rescue
flight out over the frozen North to
bring back Gen. Mobile, commander of
the fatal dirigible Italia expedition, and
holder at one time of the worlds long
distance endurance records In a closed
circuit.
Evening star., 1931-12-26
One Mans Experience
Il Property Owner Tells Just How Comparison of
Tax Rates Alone Worked in His Case-And How
Assessments Compared With Sales Value.

assessment was raised to $2,287, al
though the property was headed fer a
lower value.
Mrs. Spilman, on the other hand
pays taxes at a combined city and State
rate of $305 per 500, or almost twice
as much as her son. But in Colonial
Beach the property she will net sell
for 1900 is assessed at S425. There
fore, the annual carrying charges are
sl296, while her son paid s3770 annu-
ally for four years and $38,88 for two
years.
Mr., Spilman recently disposed of his
property here. After some waiting his
$2,287 assessed land was sold for s1,750
He netted $l.664.7l from the sale.
Mr.. Spilran is very sure that the tax
rate in Washington does not mean any
thing In relation to other tax rates,
unless the assessment ratio Is con-
sidered.
Evening star., 1931-12-26
DEBT DE:FAULTLA|D
T0TAR|FF WALLS
Simultaneous Reduction Plan
by European Nations Sug-
gested by Hull.
BY the Associated Press

BY the Associated Press.
High-tarifT barriers are held directly
responsible by Senator Cordell Hull of
Tennessee for the present inability of
some foreign nations to meet their ex-
ternal debt payments.
This leading Democrat champion of
a lowered tariff proposed, in state
ment issued last night, that European
nations owing war debts to this country
approach the United States with a plan
OF simultaneous reduction of excessive
tariffs
This leading Democratic champion Of
said. should not otherwise be broached
Hungary" he said, has now joined
many debtor countries in South Amer
lea and other parts of the world, which
curing recent months have dGfaulted
in the payment of interest and install
ments on Indebtedness due abroad This
calamitous situation is directly caused
by the inability of these nations to ef-
feet mutually profitable interchange
of surplus products and thereby create
favorable financial and trade balances
with which to pay.
'Insurmountable tariff walls every
where have offered the chief obstruc-
ton to International trade, so that it is
less in amount TO-DAY than before the
war. Debtor countries, with their for
eign trade thus strangled, have long
since denudcd themselves OF their lin
tied gold reserves in desperate effort
to pay and SO postpone the day of de-
fault.
1T is clear that anything like a
sound full measure of prosperity 3" :
can only come through the restoration
of healthy international trade, and
this can only be accomplished by a
general reduction of excessive tariffs as
neariy as possible simultaneously by the
various nations"
To pursue the present tariff policy,
he concluded, and yet oppose debt re-
ductions as most of us are sincerely
doing will get nowhere
Evening star., 1931-12-26
FAMILY OF SIX HELD
FOR VIOLENT ATTACK
Farmer, Wife and Four Children
Charged With Attempt to
Kill Landlord.
BY the Associated A Press.

BY the Associated Press.
CAMDEN Tenn. December 26-A
farmer. his wife and their four children
were arrested yesterday and charged
with assault with intent to murder as
result of their attack on L. r Bur
chard 20. owner of the farm on which
the family lived.
Lge Prewett. 55 Mrs. Prewett. their
daughter Pearl, Is, and Gertrude. IT.
and their sons, Tom, l8 and Arthur. 90,
armed with razor. butcher knife.
pocket knife, AK and hoe, wounded Bur-
chard seriously, and wounded two Of
his friends who attempted to rescue
him.
Physicians said Burchard had only a
slight chance to recover.
A disagreement over rent was the
cause of the attack. police said.
Evening star., 1931-12-26
Bandits Gun Kills
Pal as Victim of
Hold-Up Is Clubbed
Weapon Goes OFF and
Wounds LOokoui-Store L
Owner Escapes With Cut.

BY the Associated Press.
PITTSBURGH, December 26.-A ban
dit using his pistol to club store
owner, yesterday shot and killed his
accomplice.
The weapon discharged as Morris
Wolf was hit on the head. The bullet
struck a man left to watch the door
J. L. keenan,, 81, Of Youngstown.
Ohio, was arrested as he attempted to
fee from the store He said the dead
man was j. F. Cullian, %, also of
Youngstown.
/ keenan, denies they attempted to hold
up the store. He says they attended a
party Christmas eve and he does not
remember what happened until he
found himself In Jail last night
Marion Marsh, %. of Youngstown,
and Bella Rocco, 80, Of Pittsburgh. are
held as material witnesses. The party
keenan, attended was at the Rocco
home,
Wolf, the store owner suffered only
slight scalp wound.
A balliStic expert is checking the bull
let removed from Cullians brain and a
revolver with one empty chamber that
was found in Keenan's pccket.
Evening star., 1931-12-26
WIND LOOSENS BOAT

The high wind on the Potomac River
was blamed today by officials of the
Arlington Memorial Bridge Commission
for the disappearance of 30-foot
motorboat, which park police were
asked to search for
The bcat, painted gray, is named the
Fernand and has the letters "A. M.
B. G." painted prominently on it. The
craft lacks cabin, having only canvas
covering.
Evening star., 1931-12-26
BRAZIL TO BURN GAS
MADE FROM COFFEE
Experts Begin Experimenting on
Low-Grade Bean Crop to
Relieve Market.
BY the Associated Press.

RIO DE JANEIRO, December 2s.-
Experiments in extraction of gas from
low-grade coffee, which otherwise would
be dumped into the sea- were begun in
Brazil yesterday
Simoes Lopes, former minister of ag-
rlculture, and official experts undertook
the experiments at Nictheroy, where
Illuminating gas made exclusively of
coffee will be supplied for four DAYS.
DR.. LopeS said 100 Kilograms of coffee
would produce So cubic meters of gas,
as compared with 80 cubic meters OBJ
tanned from a similar quantity of coal.
The National Coffee Council supplied
30 tons OF coffee for the experiments.
Under the governments plan for re-
lleVing the market low-grade coffee
would be destroyed.