davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1931-01-01
City Gets Farmers
Money, Says Jardine

eff a farmer becomes prosper
Gus what happens to the money he
makes?"
This question is answered by
former Secretary of Agriculture,
w. M. Jardine. in the surrent issue
of The Country Home.
The city gets it in the end, he
says.
"On the face of things it appears
that everything else would take
care of itself if the farmer is Civ
en- more money and allowed to
spend tia he wants." Jardine
continues. "But experience proves
that this is not necessarily true.
Many families, relatively prosper
Gus, move to town TO get the bene-
fits of the city's standard of life,
The prosperous farmer either sells
his farm or places a tenant in
charge. In the latter case, the farm
must support two families. The
new man has his fortune to make
out of the soil. The owner spends
his income on things that deprive
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1931-01-01

trees are showing growth of
sufficient terminal of 8 to IL
inches at least, that the trees
cannot expect to produce a
crop of good quality fruit.
Many of our trees in this
country, at the present time,
are coming thru a period
where they show from two to
six inches only of terminal
growth. Where this condition
| is found the number of grow
ing points must be cut down
and this can best be done by
a little heading back and by
the removal of many weak
spurs. The pruning job must
be applied to the individual
tree and certain conditions
will vary considerable from
orchard to orchard. There are
quite a few orchards which do
not need this severe type of
spur pruning at this time, but
wherever the lack of growth
shows that it is needed the
sooner this system can be APP
piled the quicker a good quail
ity of fruit can be produced.
Trees of this type can make
use of good fertilizer applica-
ton. One does not want to
stimulate growth too much in
one year, however, by effec-
tive pruning followed by too
heavy a fertilizer application,
as both act in the same way.
The other principal problem
discussed at the pruning
meeting was the pruning of
young trees. The modified
type of leader is the type
which has been demonstrated
as bringing about the strong
est type of tree. Young trees
pruned by the medium long
system of pruning will come
into bearing earlier than a
tree pruned under the system
which many of our trees
started Is to 18 years ago
were pruned by and yet al
most as soon as trees pruned
by the long system Of prun-
ing without any modification.
We feel that Mr.. Bregger's
ideas on pruning have been a
distinctive contribution to the
information on pruning for
the county. Attendance at the
pruning meeting ON the whole
was quite good, although we
feel that probably many more
could have made a good in
vestment by attending these
demonstration meetings.
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1931-01-01
PRUNING PRACTICES

"The age of a tree is more
properly determined by the
condition of it's fruiting area
than by the number of years
which the tree has been plant
ed" says John T. Bregger, ex-
tension Horticulture Special
list, who assisted with pruning
demonstration meetings in all
parts of the county the fore
part of the week.
One of the main things dis
cussed at these pruning meet
ings was how to maintain
good vigorous growth upor
trees throughout their perioc
of life, whether they be IL OF
SO years old. Mr.. Bregge1
pointed out that unless the
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1931-01-01
CORN FERTILIZATION

| Our attention has been called
several times to the fact that very
often fields of corn grow well.
| producing good stalks and having
at least fair color of leaf, and yes
do not yield well. One farmer re-
Gently reported to US yield of but
approximately thirty bushel per
acre on a field where growth was
very good, and yet on other fields
where the growth was not much
better he secured almost one hum
dred bushels to the acre on half
acre. The second field has been
well fortified with manure. The
first field was an old alfalfa field
rather badly run out.
Analysing this situation and
comparing results here with re-
suits secured or the alfalfa plots
during the last two years we
would say that since the al1alIa
plots have shown decided lack of
phosphates, that there is a very
strong probability that there was
a serious lack of phosphates on
the field which yielded only 80
bushels. Under normal conditions
phosphate is the fertilizer element
which more directly affects seed
production than any others. One
must keep in mind, of course. that
any of the elements may affect
the plant in this way provided
there is a serious lack of other
elements. The fact, however, that
there was good growth would
show that there was plenty Of nj
trogen. We would recommend
where farmers are seeding corn
following blowing up of alfalfa
fields, the use of 400 pounds Of
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1931-01-01

his farm community not only of his
money but his intelligent direction.
Even though the owner retains
direction of his farm, his income
is spent in the town. It he sells it
outright, his wealth goes into
stocks and bonds, which enrich the
cities. If he stays on the farm, his
surplus wealth goes into securi-
ties that upbuild cities. The perer-
NAL loss of surplus wealth from
the country is one of the outstand-
ing causes of barren country life.
1t is slow. to accumulate, but sur
plus wealth can do great deal
if it is widely utilized. 1t should be
the means of making the farm
home a desirable place to i've
Jardine declared.
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1931-01-01
Hold Christmas Party

The three departments of the p,
P. &eLs company held their annual
Christmas party at the Masonic
hall Monday evening with Christ
mas tree and exchange of gifts
Each department lead by j. H
Siegfried of the power and Charles
Knowles of the construction, put
on very amusing and well rendered
skits. The balance of the evening
was spent in playing cards and
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1931-01-01
TREE SPACING

Probably at no time in the
history of tree fruit produc-
ton in the county, particular
ly apples has there been a time
when the proper spacing out
of trees would pay bigger div
idends than at the present
time. While it is true that the
fruit markets are not as in
bad shape as in many other
markets, yet it is also true
that the grower with the high
percentage of extra fancy pro-
duction is the man who is
making the most from the or
chard, providing of course, he
is able to hold up yields to at
least a reasonable high aver
age.
The thing which makes for
color which has been one of
the greatest contributing fac
tors in the selection of the ex-
ira fancy, and which probab-
ly within the next few years
will become more of an item i'll
the selection of this grade, is
the distribution of plenty of
sunlight about the trees.
Many of our orchards are yet
too closely planted to enable
the sunlight to reach the
larger percentage of the fruit.
There seems to be but one
way to overcome this without
seriously handicapping the
orchard in later years and that
is to remove the trees which
one knows will eventually
need to come out. These need
not be removed in one years
time, but by a heavy system
of pruning flaming" them
up on the sides where they
will interfere with the trees
which are to be left as perm
anent ones, so as to bring
about the best development of
the permanent trees, will pro-
duce an extra high grade of
fruit upon these trees so
treated, and give the perma-
nent tree much more of a
chance. During this time,
when markets for all commod-
tiles are absorbing to good adj
vantage all of the highest
quality product why not be-
gin this tree spacing pro-
gram? The fruiting wood of
the permanent trees can thus
be left in much more vigorous
condition, heights of the. trees
can be held down, and the la
Dor problem reduced through
the lessened heights of trees
and a much better production
market due to better color
and high percentage of the
frl1it.
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1931-01-01

superphosphates to the acre or $50
pounds of ammophos A. Either one
of these fertilizers should. be APP
piled at the time that the ground
is plowed and turned down.
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1931-01-01
Cantata Sunday

The Christmas story was told in
song by a chorus of 20 voices in
the cantata which was given SUM-
day evening, December %, at tie
Methodist church. 1.-THE Star of the
East was the title of the canta.
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1931-01-01

ia. Mrs. vane Wilder was dr..
and Miss Bee Sherk pianist =. y,
Mrs. A. M. Chellis leading SOM -
The chorus is made up Of menS.'
Of the Methodist church. ~
were solos, duets and quartetr-
bers.
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1931-01-01

Mr.. and Mrs. Charles Wi,g.
spent Christmas Day with Mr. 4,
Mrs. Quasi and family at Pa.
and spent the evening as guest, !,
Mr.. and Mrs. NJ. Kershaw
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1931-01-01

Chef MCGEE was in from his
ranch on Cold Greek Saturday. He
is getting his land ready for next
years crops, which he will water
from artesian wells which he has
on his property.
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1931-01-01

dancing with the Ragadors furn-
ishing the music. Delicious refresh
ment were served at a late hour
by the entertainment committee.
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1931-01-01
FACTS FOR FARMERS

nder this heading will be printed from week week. articles
timely interest to the of this community selected
prepared Durdle, agent for Benton
unty cooperating with the u Dept Agriculture and the
ashngton College
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-23
One Bronx Court Ready to Evict
800 Jobless Families Tomorrow

NEW K-Three hundred
Bronx families of unemployed work.
ers will be up for eviction tomorrow
morning in one court alone, the
162nd st. Municipal Court of Judge
Morris.
This is said by the cynical capi-
talist reporters to be breaking all
records" in New York, and when you
say that you mean something.
Just month ago Judge Gothic
ruled that it is Illegal for the city
marshals to delay serving eviction
warrants because the breadwinners
of a family were out of work. Co.
tillo ruled, and Mayor Walker i'm
mediately endorsed, it as good law"
that If man is out of work his
family must be thrown out to freeze
on the streets. That makes him
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-23
Raymond Calls All to Join
Feb. 18th Demonstrations
Jobless Leader Got Ten Months For March g.;
Recently Released; Mass Meet To Greet
Him Tonight at Irving Plaza
BULLETIN.

BULLETIN.
NEW YORK.-Come tonight at
p. M, Irving Plaza Hall, to hear
Raymond. Other speakers will in
clude Israel Amter, who got six
months at the time Raymond got
10. The occasion is a reception to
Raymond, the last to be released
of the March 6 jobless delegation.
NEW YORK. - Harry Raymond,
just out of prison where he served
ten months as one of the committee
to see the mayor, elected by the
10000 jobless demonstrators last
March in Union Square, calls on
the workers and unemployed work
ers to make Feb. 25 demonstrations
an even more powerful show of
strength. He says:
almost a year ago the March 9Th
Unemployment Delegation represent
ing 10000 workers, was sent to Jail
for presenting to the government a
program of demands for unemploy-
ment relief
1.-THE bosses government thought
that this falling would frighten the
workers and crush their militant
spirit. They thought that through
failing a handful of workers repre-
sentatives they could force the mill
lions of unemployed to starve quietly.
"The bosses, however. were mis-
taken The delegation is out of Jail;
a host of new organizers have been
developed and the fight goes on.
Since March 9Th the crisis has
reached unprecedented depths, and in
spite of the optimistic predictions of
rapid recovery by the bourgeois eco
nomists, the crisis is still deepening
and today instead of 100000 mem-
ployed as on March 9Th, over TO-
100000 workers are without jobs and
face starvation. Hundreds of thou
sands of workers since March 9th
have battled bitterly in huge demon
strationS demanding unemployment
insurance and relief, and on Feb. 10th
these workers exposed the capitalist
government as an enemy to the work
ers when Speaker Longworth refused
to see the delegation representing
the unemployed.
1.-THE bosses government instead of
giving relief to the starving millions
has resorted to all kinds of social
demagogy. Money is appropriated
for the building of more jails and
mad houses by the New York Assem-
bly,, and the politicians call it I'M
employment relief. Millions are ap-
propriated for the navy, millions for
war, but not one cent have the capt.
talists given for real relief for the
unemployed workers.
This means, workers, that we must
tighten our belts and grid our loins
for one of the most gigantic working
class struggles that this country has
ever seen. We must force the Wall
Street government to establish a
workers unemployment insurance law.
"All over the world millions of
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-23
5000 Starving at Mexicali
Serve Notice Will Seize Food
$500 Crash Into Boston Agency With Shouts,
eve Want Work." City Hands Out 900
Jobs And Calls Police To Attack
Vanderbilt Tells Of MilliOnaires WallOwing At
Miami To Avoid Sight Of Bread Lines
BULLETIN


Salvation Army and commercial empoymens
yesterday that conditions have in the
weeks
unemployed in New York City more
Mayor Walker econs
families for eviction in court
other Suicides increase at
months the
ricter giving less food and ar
that the worker waits longer and gets less
and children faced with the brutal
committee that it will stop giving out
pvdnhundreds of the unemployed give up
taken by Others for unmpoy-
grows steadily.
who insist that made
themseeS-they will be out
"Wednesday Fighting Day, at Union
relief food and lodging and
clothing all the provisions of the Workers
Unemployment Insurance Bill
Union Unity League the Councils
their efforts the weekend to
mobilize jobIess for this demonstration
AS international Fighting Day, Wednesday, Feb 25 draws
near and the and obess workers of the world
to demonstrate every city for the right to live evidence
multpes that these starving millions being driven abso
ey to desperation and that they refuse to save longer
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-23

goes on apace.
In some other cities the unem-
ployed are even more mercilessly
prosecuted. There are so evictions a
week in Baltimore, whereas two years
ago it was about 10.
In Youngstown, Ohio. steel city,
100 families have been evicted in the
last two months. and gas and light
and city water is cut off wholesale.
This situation is general through
out the smaller industrial towns.
The war on evictions is part of a
greater struggle for unemployment
relief and insurance.
All workers facing eviction should
be out demonstrating Feb. 25, and
one of the demands fought for on
International Fighting Day is mo
Evictionsp
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-23
IN union SQUARE, WEDNESDAY, FEB Is
New Shops Join Strike OF Dygssmakers
The Only Way Out!

An 10 boy. Wesley Clarke Ave. in
hung himself with his belt.
old girl of Detroit
what Hoover finding job
iodine in attempt to kill herself
years newspaper man but I'M
employed for time according the capitalist
day that prosperity
Tor its IS year old slave committed suicide with 14s West 10th
Street. New York City, He left
way way But it what John
steua unemployed for the capitalist
taught his capitalist press taught
year old boy Wesley Clarke; and the Is old girl
CHASTITY by capitalist class
they nothing less than
press prints them all it obscure under deceptive headlines
The front and big stories for
the capitalist declarations
hevng Army
charity 1t hope
believe that prosperity lin the
think that if they arve it somehow their own fault"
this tong youths
and adults self destruction plain 1t intentional deliberate
murder of the workers the capitalists
the billions luxury
dolence.
Philadelphia go
Florida the usual dbauchey
Mayor Walker of New York said unemployed evcted
pay ent-bu
just one section of New York;
the
little only
York demonstration &c. that the
forced 100000
and make pretenions of feeding the starving
every attempt
the miserable dole of and coffee the breadnes Mayor
Walker evicng hundreds of families Only by the of struggle of
to stop this murderous maneuver against the workers
job employed
employed should
jobess BOTH
directly attack the employed the employers
millions enforce those who
still have jobs
The refusal to establish unemployment insurance be broken
down. absolutely possible for American capitalists it. Just
capitalists 1t must
will only by the ercest struggle by demonstrations break
down all capitalist resistance
relief evctions
food adequate shelter and defeat the attempt off the
insulting breadne DOLE be and must Only
understand united action kills himself
power of the must everything before it,
oled profits capitalists
that the security clothing hee Out
Wednesday
readiness to fight!
unemployment insurance! the
of
profits a
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-23
PICKETS SWEEP
LAWRENCE MILLS
Bring 5000 Out By
1912 Tactics

LAWRENCE, Mass, Feb. 22-Using
again the tactics of 1912, the mass
picket line at the Wood and Washing
ton mills of the American Wooden Co.
here charged the mill gates just be-
fore a. m. yesterday, swept through
from department to department, and
called out on strike. The police were
able only to clear the streets, not to
stop the mass picketing inside the
mills. Five thousand at work in these
mills were pulled out in short order,
the power was shut off, and belts
thrown off in the spinning room.
Together with those pulled out of
the other American Wooden Co. mill
here, the Aver mill, there are 5000
out now, and the company has an
nounced no attempt will be made to
reopen until Tuesday.
Will Spread
The capitalist press states: Spread
Of the strike to other mills not owned
CONTINUED ON PAGE THREE)
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-23
EVICT MOTHER AND
NEW BORN BABY
Family Of Six Put On
The Streets

NEW YORK.-A working class
mother who gave birth to a baby
yesterday was evicted from her flat
shortly after her. child birth labors.
New born infant, weakened mother,
and her family of other children
together with her unemployed hus-
band were thrown with their furni-
ture into the street to catch pneu-
monia or freeze.
The Bronx Boro Hall Unemployed
Council learning of the case while
they were holding meeting imme-
diately sent committee to investi-
gate. Upon the committee reporting
back, the meeting was adjourned and
the Council proceeded to the scene of
the outrage. There, however, they
found that the landlord upon learn
ing that the Council was investigat-
ing the case had called van and
removed the furniture to storage
house.
The evicted mother is Mary Colan-
dra of 1896 Third Ave. The landlord
had been trying to force this family
to pay months rent when they only
owed for one month. Tenants in the
house reported that he never gave
receipts.
John Smith, Negro unemployed
worker, had his hunger ration caro-
taken from him by the police because
he ha dreported his eviction to the
Council. The police told him he
might just as well starve for get
ting help from the Reds"
The Unemployed Council in pre-
pairing for the stern struggles aheac
is giving dance this Saturday eve
ming at 404l Third Ave.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-23
"War Nearer Than in 1917,
Says Ferrero; Fears Revolt

There is greater danger of war to-
day than there was in 1914, admits
Guglielmo Ferrero, Italian historian,
In feature article written for the
Hearst papers. Ferrero's article APP
pears in the very day that Congress
passes the $35S,OO0,O0O bill for pre-
pairing the American navy for war.
There is no hitch whatever In Con-
gress when 1t comes to spending
money for war. More than billion
has already been set aside. For the
unemployed, the boss government
does not vote a cent.
Ferrero declares that "Only war
has been talked of and only war
thought Of" Then he adds:
'I do not remember even In the
years that preceded the catastrophe
of 1914 so universal and acute an
anxiety. Then the world feared war
in theory, but did not know what
species of war was about to deva-
state the world"
At the same time, this capitalist
historian points out that it is the
threat Of revolution that is keeping
back the actual declaration OF war
now. Europe indeed is on the edge
Of an abyss" he states. But the
abyss is not war, but revolution"
In other words, only the working
class by its revolutionary activity can
stop war. The same idea was ex-
pressed recently by Senator Reed of
the United States, when he said:
"Only the fear Of bolshevism has
kept back war"
Ferrero goes on to state that 1.-THE
danger Of revolution is much more
grave than many think"
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-23
LITHUANIAN MEET
FOR FEBRUARY Is
Mass Meeting Monday
at Laisve Hall

NEW YORK.-At a meeting of
Lithuanian organizations held this
week at 46 Ten Eyck st. the Inter
national Day Against Unemployment
was endorsed and plans for the mob
ilization of the members of the 10
organizations represented at this
meeting and the mobilization of Lith-
uanian workers was taken up.
A mass meeting of the Lithuanian
workers, employed and unemployed.
will be held Monday, Feb. %, at
p. m, at the Laisve Hall, 46 Ten
Eyck ST.. TO mobilize workers for the
demonstrations.
Tuesday evening at p m. all
Lithuanian workers and workers of
other nationalities will meet at 46
Ten Eyck ST, where a demonstration
with trucks and automobiles will
start to cover the territory of Will
liamsburgh and Boro Hall.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-23

in the midst of full warehouses
and a ruling class of business
men wallowing in luxury.
Three thousand jobless at
Mexicali, just over the bound
airy in Mexico from California, have
served notice on the city officials
that they will take all the food in
town themselves if something is not
done for them at once. The city
has been besieged by hundreds Of
starving women from the rural dis
tricts, demanding and getting food
from the groceries. The local gov
eminent is trying to raise a little
food to quiet the masses and mean
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-23

while is calling out troops to kill
them
In Boston, where the first snow,
Feb. 20, made jobs for about 600
shovelers, $500 Stormed the NUM-
cipal employment bureau, took pos
session of the place, and yelling, "We
want work." milled in and around
the offices. Six hundred got Jobs,
and police reserves were called out
to shove the rest back into starva-
ton.
"His Last 100000, OOO.'
Meanwhile the Hearst evening
papers syndicated, Saturday, special
article by Cornelius Vanderbilt. a
younger son of the great millionaire
family, on the worries of the rich
who are flocking into Miami, Flor
ida, buying up land at fabulous sums
ON which to rear palaces, and filling
the harbor with a billion dollar fleet
of private yachts. Vanderbilt states
frankly that they have come there
to live lives of ease and to "get away
from the sight of the breadlines in
the North"
The rich, too, have suffered from
the depression, Vanderbilt explains,
telling of friends of his who lost
$100,00o,0O0 during the last year or
so, and are down to their last $780,
100000 now"
Tt is here in this millionaire play
ground that Mayor Walker Of New
York plans to take little rest soon,
he says. 1t is from this garden city
of opulence that the mayor of Phila-
delphia has recently returned, to tell
the thousands of jobless demanding
relief from him that 1.-The law for