davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-07

will be S5.75 per month for individual
business service, $3.50 per month for
individual residence service and $3.50
per month for two-party residence
service. Rates in the older part of the
city of Alexandria are not affected, as
mileage charges have been applied only
to the outlying parts of the city.
New Rate Cheaper.
Under the old system telephone users
living more than one mile in any direc-
ton from the central ofdce have been
paying the city fiat rates plus charge
for each one-fourth mile beyond the
one-n1ile line. Thus telephone users
with two-party lines in certain sections
d mile beyond the zone have been pay
ing as much as $393 for service, arrived
at under the $2.25 city rate plus AZ cents
for each one-fourth mile, whereas the
new rate tablished is $3.50.
Similarly. those with private resi-
dence phones have been paying SO plus
rs cents per quarter mile for the serv-
ice. running the rate Of those a mile
beyond the zone to $6. while the new
rate is $3.50. Business phone users have
been paying IS plus rs cents per
quarter mile. or as high as So, with the
new rate, $5.75.
With reductions in charges to a large
number Of subscribers resulting, the
telephone company expects that many
will take advantage of the opportunity
to get better grades Of service under the
new plan.
Bills Are Mailed.
Bills and notifications are being
mailed this week to all subscribers
affected, the telephone company an
nounceS.
poetJe,,K. ~ the aouevad kerr{+or1,
have been complaining for a long time
concerning their telephone rates and
the Alexandria Citizens Association, of
which Mr.. Roland is president, has
gone on record a number Of times
asking that the telephone company give
them relief.
The new rate scale was only ap-
proved by the board Of directors Of the
company at Richmond, Va, yesterday.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-07
SUBURBAN PHONE
RATE is REDUCED
Mileage System Abandoned
In New Alexandria :.
Suburbs.
BY HOWARD M. BAGGETT,
star CORRESPONDENT Of The star.

ALEXANDRIA, Va, May Approx
imately 500 telephone users In the
thickly settled areas Of the annexed
territory of this city will beneft mate
rally by telephone rate reductions
which became effective May /, accord
ing to the announcement today OF Law.
renee E. Roland, Alexandria manager OF
the Chesapeake & Potomac Telephone
Co. OF Virginia.
The reductions came through the re-
moval OF mileage charges in the more
thickly settled section of outer Alex.
andria, and are subject to the approval
Of the State Corporation Commission.
Subscribers affected will be those IN
Potomac. Braddock Heights. ST. Elmo,
Del Ray, Mount Ida. Jefferson Park,
Beverley Hills and adjacent areas.
Mileage Fees Removed.
Mr.. Roland explained in making the
announcement that heretofore mileage
charges, varying according to distance
from the central ONCE. have applied to
these outlying sections, but the growth
of these sections has reached q point
where the mileage charges in certain
well developed localities can be removed.
The new rates established for the zone
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-07
WORKERS LAID OFF
B. q o. Reduces Gang and shop
Forces at Martinsburg.

MARTINsBURd, W. Va, May up.
-Eighty-four maintenance-of.way en-
ployes of the Baltimore b Ohio Rail-
road shops here viii be furloughed In
definitely next Monday, according TO
notices posted yesterday. The number OF
workers in the local shops viii be re-
duced to go
Evening star., 1931-12-06
Mother Keeps Faith
And Soldier Returns

ROME, Italy-When the Austrian
war office informed Mrs. Marinich In
1914 that her son Joseph had been
killed in action on the Russian front, she
told her neighbors in the little town OF
Bala that she didn't believe it. She
proved her sincerity by refusing to ac-
cept the pension which the government
offered her as the mother Of fallen
soldier. Years passed, her husband
died, her other children divided up
their fathers property and still the old
lady swore that her son was still alive.
Then, the other day, Joseph came
walking into the front door of the fam
lily cottage. He told story of having
been captured by the Russians and sent
to Siberia to work as a slave on the
estate OF wealthy landlord. After the
revolution he was given some land for
his own, he declared, and managed to
earn enough to pay his. to Moscow.
There the Italian consul gave him funds
for the trip home.
Three Thousand ex-Austrian soldiers
are stil working in the steppes OF
Northern Siberia, near the Chinese bor-
der. Marinich declared, waiting for an
opportunity to return home. The Itai-
ian government is attempting to help
those who come from territory which
passed into the possession of italy after
the war.
Evening star., 1931-12-06

make the arrest; Dildy drew and killed
him. Six months before Dildy had
murdered wayfarer for his money
and dropped the body into we'll. He
thought the deputy was coming to arrest
him for that.
The courts at Prescott made short
work OF Dildy. 1t was to be an old
fashioned public execution. All the
men were going; all the boys wanted to
go. The mothers of Prescott therefore
hastily got together and arranged a iu-
Venile picnic to which they invited
every child in town. Tom Campbell
went with the rest. But he was an en-
terprising lad and he knew how to beat
that game. He seeped out of the pic
ture and joined his elder brothers. They
found place in tree near the scene
Of action.
The execution was almost as off,
hand as lynching. They had not
taken the trouble to erect a scaffoId.
The deputies simply drove a hayrick
under tall pine, mounted Dildy on 1t,
atfixed rope to lower branch and
when the spiritual adviser had finished,
lashed up the horses.
suddenly, little Tom Campbell lost his
nold on the tree. He hasn't made
Evening star., 1931-12-06
China's Proposed Ten-Year Program
of Industry Faces Many Obstacles

trained as experts in handling modern
machinery.
OF his plan. DR.. Kung says: This
is an ambitious program, admittedly,
but it is not beyond the power of our
people to carry 1t into effect If only
we can concentrate our energies upon
the work Of economic reconstruction.
During the last few years there has
been much internal strife in the coun-
try, which unhappily has greatly handi-
capped the government in its earnest
endeavor to develop the nations in
dustry and commerce With the re-
storation of domestic peace, prosperity
is bound to follow in a country so rich
ly endowed as China with natural
wealth and other resources"
China's greatest wealth is her man
power. Her greatest lack is money.
To complete such a plan as the min
istry of industries contemplates implies
the solution of too many other problems
confronting the nation. 1t means the
releasing of funds from military pur-
suits to civil and settlement of out
standing international +ssues-chains
forged by foreign powers, as the Chinese
would put it-before foreign capital
would gravitate to China.
ouhi dhNtS MOI GTODa Die.
Furthermore, it means the investment
in China of large sums from abroad
at terms dictated by the Chinese If
the government is to escape what 1t be-
lieves to be an irritating situation exist
ing since about 1884, when foreigners
dictated political and fiscal policies to
fn0t rl hair
ent conditions in China it is extremely
doubtful II foreign capital will be forth
coming unless guarantees are given
and the very spirit Of the new industrial
program precludes any such possibility.
The mdustrialtzation of China is pro-
ceeding, just as 1t is inevitable that it
should as foreign contact enlarges. So
Will II continue to proceed without very
much organized help from the govern
ment Tor long time to come. A little
machine shop here, another there; a
municipal electric plant in this small
town, and another In its neighbor; a
municipal waterworks in this city and
It's replica across the river And so on.
The Chinese is a business man from
the tips OF his toes, and there are few
shrewder to be encountered. He has
built fruit and meat canneries. He
makes Western-style shoes and suits,
because he knows the demand Is there
and Will continue. He has not yet
turned to modern agricultural ma
chinery, but he will in time. Prog
ress is slow, but it is certain.
China Is not Russia, and no startling
industrial expansion is to be expected
overnight. The l0-year program Is
more the expression of sincerely pious
hope, than the envisaging of an i'm
mediate-even 10 years Is short in the
life Of nation--concrete reality.
(Copyright, 1881
Evening star., 1931-12-06

which a decade later Custer led to an
initiation on the Little Big Horn.
Thence, after three tedious sea voy-
ages, railroad journey across the 18th
mus of Panama and long march afoot,
he found himself in an Army post on
the Rio Verde, Arizona. For three years
he chased Apaches on broncho. and
emerged from his enlistment as Sergt.
Campbell.
Though he never put on uniform
again, he stayed with the Army 1or
many years as civilian clerk. Mean
time, the cattle business under the old,
wild conditions, was spreading INTO
Arizona from Texas. He acquired
bunch of cattle, and presently he be.
came a rancher in big way. He had
married Eliza O'Flynn when he settled
down. and In 1878 came IhomaS Ed
ward, their third son. Near the oorder
of Dan Campbell's ranch shot up that
thriving little Western CITY, Prescott'
Tom Sees Hanging.
When Thomas Campbell was . years
old the county hanged a man named
Dildy. He deserved hanging /! any one
ever did. A fellow rancher had reporteo
him for stealing a watch. Ihe oeputy
sheriff rode up to the rancn mousse !"
Evening star., 1931-12-06

SHANGHAI, China.-A 1O-year pro-
gram for the industrisization of China
has been drafted by the minister of in
dustries, DR.. H H. Kung, and has al
ready had considerable circulation
abroad. However with national re-
sources greatly depleted by civil wars,
bandttry, the great flood In the Yangtze
basin, and with government attention
turned toward solution of the Man.
churian crisis with Japan little, If any
thing. has been done toward carrying
this program forward.
Those who affect to see a parallel Of
industrial conditions between Soviet
Russia and Kuomintang China are like
ly TO suffer disillusionment. The former
at least has a unified control of indus
try and of finance, whereas the latter
has none. Perhaps the drawing up of
q plan does imply some small progress,
but, unfortunately, nationalist China
has drawn up an endless series of plans,
laws and proposals, few of which have
left their Office of origin.
Problems Are Unsolved.
An industrial China looks good on
paper; so does the 10-year plan Of DR..
Sang, but there is vast array of con-
tingencies initiating against It, DR..
Sun Yat-Sen, the father Of .modern
China, also had plans for the invigora-
tion and modernization of his native
land, but Though his program has done
much to bring national problems to the
surface, it has done little to solve those
problems. A decade of civil wars at
tests to that fact.
China'S 10-year program contains
che following ID points:
l. Construction of harbors, canals,
railroads, etc, where urgently needed.
2. Reclamation Of undeveloped ter
ritory In the northwest ard general i'm
provement in the agricultural and pas
toral industries throughout the country.
3. Development of mines and quar-
ries
4 Establishment of smelling works
and mills for metallurgical industries.
5. Production of iron and steel.
6. Manufacture Of bricks, cement and
other building materials
Z. Building Of locomotives.
q. Building OF merchant ships and
nShing vessels.
9. Manufacture of vehicles of all
types.
10. Promotion of the coal-tar In
dustry.
II. Establishment Of works for max
Ing basic chemicals.
IL. Development Of hydro-electric
schemes and establishment of central
power stations.
l3. Manufacture of electrical ma
shinery.
Il Establishment of municipal water
works.
Machine Shop at Nanking.
Such, In brief, is the program with
The added proyiso that the government
establish at Nanking g machine shor
In which Chinese artisans viii bs
Evening star., 1931-12-06
What the Progressives Want


Is not . hasty, alarmist statement,
based on hearsay. 1t Is the unanimous
opinion of the committee, based on
careful study of actual conditions now
confronting this community, In No
vember last year the number of unem-
ployed In distress was estimated at
$4,000. Today the number in urgent
need is at least 10000, or more than
three times the figure Of last year
More than half of those now seeking
help are persons heretofore unknown
to any welfare agency, and at least SO
per cent Of them are what are called
'white-collar workers'-not only cleri-
cal and sales reople, but professional
teachers, nurses, commercial artists,
doctors and dentists"
Would Guard Against Slumps.
The present reliable estimate, based
on official figures, of the number of un-
employed throughout the Nation is ap-
proximately 6,500,000. Wage earners
alone, as I have already stated, have
lost $ll ,oo0,0oo0c0 in the past year
through the lack Of work, part-time
work or reduced wages.
What do Progressives propose to do
to remedy this situation?
In the first place, they believe that
means can be found to prevent recur-
renee OF such periods. A subcommittee
OF the Committee on Manufactures of
the United States Senate has lust COM
pleted extensive hearings on a bill to
establish a national economic council.
Its function would be to keep Congress
and the President accurately informed
OF economic trends, and to make recon-
mendations before a depression to pre-
vent or minimize subnormal trade.
Economists, business experts, business
leaders and others testified that such
an omc1al council would be helpful and
useful. What Is needed by the Nation
Is better economic planning In the fu-
ture.
Relief by U. S. Proposed.
But Progressives believe, first of all
In dealing promptly and adequately
with present conditions of human dis
tress. They are not particularly con-
cerned by discussions Of the dole" so
called. They believe that the Federal
government has merely touched the
hem or fringe OF the unemployment sit
uatton with totally Inadequate relief
program, q mere pittance. What is need
ed and what will be proposed and urged
by Progressives Is building and con-
struction program Of sufficient magni-
tude to create employment for a vast
number Of men and women in many
industries.
And the Federal Government should
not fail to extend financial aid to its
citizens who are in want and distress
because OF enforced unemployment,
Starvation confronts those whom cities
and counties will be unable to aid this
Winter. The duty of the National Gov
ernment is to meet national crisis in
q national way with the power of the
Nation, instead of running from its
duty and passing the responsibility on
to local communities that are absolutely
unable to finance relief work ade-
tcontinued On Fourth Page.)
Evening star., 1931-12-06

very marked severity, as compared
with most depressiOns of the past. In
the last century there have been 13
major depressions and six or seven
minor ones. Men of conservative or
reactionary political beliefs say that
nothing can be done about it. The
Progressives say that something not only
can be done about it, but should be
done about it. They point to the fact
that while wages decreased $11 900 ,000,-
600 in 1880, interest and dividend pay
ments to owners of industry actually
increased half a billion dollars. II
business Is able to build up huge re-
serves for times Of decreased trade, why
should not labor be provided with
similar reserves.
The Progressives In Congress wanted
Evening star., 1931-12-06
King Boris Reduces
Own Small Salary

VIENNA.-King Boris has the small
est ciyh list (salary) Of any king In
Europe, but the Bulgarian ruler has,
nevertheless, decided that in these hard
times he. too. must economic, like his
people. So, following the example OF
the British royal family, he has dras-
tically reduced his income. Instead of
100000 leva per year (about $50 ,0oo),
he henceforth Is to receive 5 1000, 900
leva tabout $50,000), cut OF almost 40
per cent. Cabinet ministers and mem
bers OF Parliament in Bulgaria are
likewise reducing their earnings. Sels-
ries Of civil servants have been cut.
Evening star., 1931-12-06
BY SENATOR GERALD p. NYE.

4 ANY political writers have
M stated in recent months that
w in the session of Congress
4 i about to begin the Progressives
will hold the balance of
power What Is meant, of course. is
that with the House of Representatives
and United States Senate almost equal
ly divided between Republicans and
Democrats, the issues that arise NAV be
decided by the votes Of those In both
parties who are commonly denominated
as 'Progressives."
1t becomes Of some Importance, then,
to answer these questions: who or
what are Progressives?" What co they
want?" What do they propose, and
why?"
Without undertaking to set myself I'D
as a spokesman for the Progressiyes in
any such discussion, can, 1 am sure,
safely proceed with discussion Of the
subject which will not conflict with any
individual opinion existing in the minds
of those who constitute the Progressive
cause in congressional halls.
Reelected Despite Aspersions.
On various occasions and by various
more or less eminent authorities, the
Progressive group has been identified
as "Bolshevists," as traitors" as "sons
of the wild jackass," RS a little band
of willful men who should be hanged as
high as Haman."
Nevertheless, their constituents have
continued to elect them to Congress. And
today there are probably more members
OF Congress who welcome the appella-
tton of Progressive" than ever before.
Why?
Because throughout America millions
of citizens are beginning to think, and
think seriously, about the problems of
government. That thinking is produc-
tive of condemnation of present eco
nomic conditions, and of the kind of
political action and inaction responsible
for those conditions. 1t has become ap-
parent to many millions Of citizens that
the kind of prosperity that existed for
few brief years was false prosperity,
soap-bubble prosperity inflated by
wild and reckless speculation.
That bubble burst IN October, 1929.
We now are faced with the problem of
reconstructing our economic system so
that there shall be the real and lasting
prosperity which the natural and hu-
man resources of America justify-a
prosperity that will begin at the bottom
of the social structure and spread up
ward, instead of prosperity confined
to comparatively small class at the top.
Would Aid Those With Few Means.
Reputable economists have estimated
that 3 per cent Of our population own
rs per cent of the national wealth
They have stated that 10000, 900 of our
population of 100000 have an in
come of less than s7oo year. Pro-
gressives believe that the first duty of
government is concerned with the well
fare of those 80000,00o and of millions
more who lack economic security.
Consider the present condition of
business depression and unemployment.
1t is not new condition, except in its
Evening star., 1931-12-06

an extra session to deal with this and
similar related problems Immediately
after the close Of the regular session
last March. They wanted, among other
things, the passage of certain bills that
had been introduced to aid in creating
and distributing employment. Their
wishes were not needed. Now, through
out the Nation, We are confronted with
conditions similar to that described a
few weeks ago by prominent New
York banker, the head of the drive"
in New York City for charity funds
from private sources:
Each day the applications for re-
lief mount, and 1t is easy to see that
$l2,000,000 will not begin to meet it.
The emergency is the greatest New
York has faced for many years. This
Evening star., 1931-12-06
Chinese Will Study
Railroads in England

CHANGHI, China-Railrosd officials
throughout China have been approached
through the ministry of industries 10
name likely Chinese candidates to 10
to England to study British railroedins
and railroad machine factory WORK
The terms OF the British Boxer indern-
nifty agreement provide for study abroad
OF number OF students, as we'll as Tor
tne purchase In England Of railroad
supplies and equipment. Railroad a.
ministrations and equipment In China
today are a strange confusion Of British
French, Belgian, German, American an1
japanese methods and engineering.
Evening star., 1931-12-06

Atcontinued On Fourth Page. )
Evening star., 1931-12-06
BY FRANK H. SIMONDS,

7 T would be singularly unfortunate
II the true significance of the re-
l. cent Manchurian episode were to
i be obscured by discussion of rela-
Evening star., 1931-12-06

CONTINUED On Fourth Page.)
Evening star., 1931-12-06

(I M glad they're extraditing me
back to Arizona" said Winnie
Ruth Judd. They don't hang
i women in Arizona"
Evening star., 1931-12-06

acquitted of Charge.
sontf,,I nGuIitoea toe OF the charge and very re-
tSat sstiut .oWara MS family, he manifested
snn ~ ,ss pusn suddenness which his
He walked straight to a recr,,it,ns a oesoa
and enlisted in that famous Tth Savairv rv
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-11-21
MERCURY DROP DUE
It'll Slide to SO Tonight,
Arlington Insists.

Perhaps j. H. Arlington, chief
of the Indianapolis weather bureau,
will attend football game today.
Arlington and his fellow fore
casters throughout the midwest
Friday warned football fans of
bad weather." but today, with not
a drop of rain in sight, Arlington
said he thought seriously of joining
the ranks of football fandom.
With the cards apparently stacked
against indianapolis and Indiana
twenty-four hours ago, today
brought a quick shift in the weather
and is expected to be cool and fair.
Not to be checkmated, Arming-
ton said the mercury will slip to
near SO tonight followed by increas-
ing cloudiness Sunday.
Lowest temperature during the
night was so. The mercury is pre-
dicted to climb about six or seven
degrees before shutdown.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-11-21
Injured Soldier Rushed to
Capital in Plane for
Operation.

Faced with the living death of
being unable to move from his bed
the remainder of his life, private
Victor E. Shaw today found the
United States army air corps ready
to serve his every command.
The white ambulance plane which
will carry him from Lafayette hos
pital to Washington and an opera
ton on his broken back, roared
away from Fl. Benjamin Harrison
shortly before noon.
The plane came from Selfridge
field, Mich, and Major c. M. WAL
son, medical attendant at Ft. Har-
rison, boarded it here. Throughout
the air trip to the Walter Reed hos
pital at Washington, Watson will
attend to Shaw's slightest needs.
A staff of the best surgeons in the
world await Shaw's arrival at the
Reed hospital, probably before to-
night. They are optimistic they can
save his life and that Shaw will
walk again.
The private was injured near
Rossville, Ind, last Saturday when 2
car in which he was a passenger
overturned after tire blew out.
Suffering from the broken back,
Shaw was taken to the Home hos
pital at Lafayette.
Within short time, officers of
the army air corps heard of the
tragedy. Arrangements were made
for the cross-country flight to aid
Shaw, who was mechanic at Scott
Field, III.