The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-12-30
By D. C. BESS prrss Stnfl NNrrpSnOntleni

United Press Stan OOrrcSlbOnucnt)
 Peiping, China, Dec 30--(Up)-- The remnants of the once powerful war machine of Marshal Chang Hseuh- -Liang retired to-day from Chin-ehow gateway to Manchuria and left Manchuria in the hands of the Japanese.
 The retreat to the great wall meant the end of Chang'S influence in the country he once dominated. It marked the achievement of two principal Japanese obJectivcs elimination of Chang's power and retreat of the last organzed Chinese army from Manchuria, a country half again as large aB Texas.
 Tho long expected battle be. tween Japanese and Chinese nt Chinchow was avoided presumably [ because Chang realized the hope lessness of facing Q superior Jap. anese force. |.
 Chang announced that he had ordered the evacuation because hej did not "desire to afford the Jap aneses the pretext for further ag- gression in north China"
 Chang also announced that tho civilian government and the normal garrison stationed at Chlnchow under ordinary circumstances would remain there. The foreign observers, including diplomatic and military representatives of the United states, Great Britain, France and other nations will also remain,
 The destination of his retreating troops, some 26,000 men from the Chinchow area, was Shanghaik- wan, on tho border of tho great wall. Tho retreat meant those 2b,- 900 would be scattered throughout north China adding possibility Of rioting at Tientsin and other cities which have suffered before from tho entry of tho hordes commando ed by Manchurian warlords. '. Changs troops, who had waited at Chinchow for weeks expecting a Japanese attack which they event ually retreated to avoid, took their new orders with the stoicism ot tho paid oriental soldier. Compe- tent military authorities here be- lleved that the men would display the same loyalty to Chang that | they showed when he was supreme In Manchuria and after. his power and hs personal fortune were toppled over by the Japanese, The Japanese were determined that the power of this young over- lord, son of the famous Chang Tso- Lin and one of the most pie turesuue fighters in China's ever changing military and political re- vue, must be broken. They nnaiiy | .ol.koA tkalr UAnt
 It appeared that the greatest conflict n tho Manchurian war had been avoided, for tho removal of the Chinchow army left only "ban- dits" and irregular Chinese to ops pose the armed forces of Nippon The Japanese have shown how they can deal with the "bandits."
 Before the movement from Muk- den southward toward Chinchow started, Japanese soldiers and bombing planes worked over an area to the north and west Of their Manchurian headquarters and eliminated the "bandit menace" n the area within three days. Then the drivel southward started. | The Japanese have claimed throughout in negotiating with the League of Nations council that safety of Japanese lives and prop . erty in Manchuria must be Of par amount consideration. They also charged that the Chinchow army was organizing bandits for raids in the Liao river territory. With these statements on record, there was no doubt of their intention to take Chinchow and clear Manchu- ria of "all Chinese forces"
 The counsel of the leaders Of the Kuamintang meeting In Nankng that Chang defend chinchow if at- tackled and the advice Of the "Christian general" Feng Yu- Hsiang. that 100000 men be sent