davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-11-07
POVERTY FOR THE AMERICAN
COAL AND STEEL WORKERS

isfacuory to the bosses and Octoo-
Der l they cut the wages of all steel
workers and coal miners 10 per cent.
The ranks of the unemployed are
increasing every day. Just before
the wage cut took place, the Beth
lehem Steel shut down two mines
laying off over 1000 miners. In the
city of Johnsttown and its boros
there are about 10000 unemployed
workers in actual starvation.
The coal and steel workers in the
Soviet Union have received the
largest wage increases. In the Uni
ted States the coal and steel work
ers are the victims Of the heaviest
wage-cuts. On the very day when
the Steel Trust announced 10 per
cent wage-cut, the workers in the
Steel Industry in the Soviet Union
received a 80 per cent increase in
wages. The largest number of
unemployed in capitalist America is
to be found amongst the coal and
steel workers,
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-11-07
BY w. M.

The exploitation of workers in
Central Pennsylvania is immeas-
urable. The coal miners are not
paid for dead work. The miner has
to work sometimes three days
cleaning up the mine, laying the
rails, putting up props, all for
nothing; they are cheated on the
scale from 80 to so per cent; and
robbed in the company stores. On
the pay day, they draw 81 cents, 5
cents or just statement without
any pay.
In the steel mills in Johnstown,
Bethlehem Steel (Schwab INTEREST,"
and Lorain Steel Omitted States
Corporation), the speed-up has
hours cut down from 10 to 8
but they have to produce more in
8 hours than they did in 10. The
steel workers have to report to the
mill every day but they hardly get
one day week to work.
The slave condition was not sat-
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-11-07
New Auto Plants Rise in the Soviet Union
Mass Unemployment and Starvation in Detroit

Thousands of unemployed workers have been
evicted during the past year. In like manner,
thousands of small home-owners have lost their
homes to the bankers and real-estate sharks be-
cause they could not keep up the payments and
big taxes. Furniture has been forcibly seized
and workers who have invested their entire life
savings in their home and furnitures has been
lost.
General Motors just announced 1870 to 2095
wage reduction on general scale all along the
line. Even before this official announcement
the wages of the workers have been slashed left
and right, at the same time the workers have
been speeded-up beyond the limit of human en-
durance. Working girls receiving as low as
So week and even less in some factories. A
great portion of the unemployed only work part
time with means substantial reduction in their
standard of living. BY cutting wages as low as
possible by speeding them up to the limit by
refusing to grant Unemployment Insurance, the
capitalist class is putting the whole burden of
the present crisis on the shoulders of the work
ing masses while their huge profits, squeezed out
of the cweat and toll of the workers, remains
intact.
During last year, in spite of the mass uuem-
ployment, the Ford Motor Company cleared a
net profit of $45000,0OO, while General Motors
cleared $124000,000 Besides these huge profits,
these companies have hundreds of millions of
accumulated reserves, while those who actually
produced these vast sums have been thrown into
the streets to starve and die. Wage-cuts have
become the general program of the capitalist
class throughout the country, With President
Hoover in the lead Detroit the Hoover plan
of wagecuts, the speed-up and stagger system
are being applied with full force.
1t is gainst this program Of the capitalist
Glass; it is against the methods of demagogoy
of Murphy an5 others that we must organize
and prepare never before in order to be in a
position to successfully fight them.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-11-07

THE rapid progress of the Five Year Plan means
continuous Improvement in the standard of
living of the toiling masses in the Soviet Union
The increase in production means more wages
better living conditions The success of the five
year plan completely iquidated unemployment
The wages of the workers in the coal industry
in the U.S.SR. has for the past year increased
Ais per cent, steel and iron, 800 per cent; oil,
404 per cent; machine building 49, per cent,
and woodworking, 3o.3 per cent.
In all OF these industries the workers in capt.
taliSt America have received heavy wage cuts
Compare the above mentioned wage increases
for the workers In country where there is a
Soviet system with the following figures of wage
cuts for workers in country where Morgan,
Ford, and other parasites are the rulers.
WAGE CUTS and mass unemployment have
duced the earnings of workers in the United
States during the year 1881 by at least $10,-
600 100000 below the 1929 level In 1880 the loss
in workers earnings was estimated as over $3,-
000000,000.
Even before the steel wage cut effective Oc-
tober l. 1881, and the landslide that followed it.
the buying power of workers employed III the
manufacturing industries alone had dropped as
a result of unemployment wage cuts and part
time work, by $4,454 100000 between June 1929,
and June 1881, or 80 per cent below the 1929
figure OF total wages. (U. S. Bureau of Labor
Statistics)
Between December, 1925, and June 1884, the
total amount paid in wages in manufacturing
industries dropped about 40 per cent, it was adj
mitted by EtheTbert Stewart, U, S. Commits
sioner of Labor Statistics. Wage cuts, unem-
PIGMENT and part-tme work account for this
tremendous loss in the income Of factory
workers.
In the one month ending August Is, 1881, an
incomplete report of wage cuts, as made to the
U. S. Department of Labor, showed 221 cuts in
SO separate industries affecting more than 20,7O0
workers. Incomplete records kept by the U. S.
Bureau of Labor Statistics show that by August
Is over $4,000 workers in manufacturing indus
tries alone had been forced to take pay slashes
since the stock market collapse in 1929. This
report includes only "such cuts in wages as have
been reported to the bureau and covers only
factory workers.
Between June 1890, and June, 1881, earnings of
iron and steel workers dropped by % per cent;
of automobile workers by Is per cent and of
workers making agricultural implements by 10
per cent.
Outside the manufacturing industries, wage re-
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-11-07
Wage~Cms in Capitalist America~>>>
Wage Increases in the USSR

auctions were even larger than In the factories.
Earnings of metal miners dropped by 10 per
cent; Of soft coal miners by 81 per cent, and Of
hard coal miners by more than 81 per cent.
Cuts of October 1, 1891. The long-expected
drive led openly by the largest corporations
against wage scales began with the announce
ment that the U. S. Steel Corp, Bethlehem
Steel Corp. American Smelling & Refining Co.,
and Utah Copper Co. would cut wages 10 per
cent on october 1. AT the same time General
Motors Corp announced a salary cut Of from 10
to 20 per cent and U. s. Rubber Co. announced
that the plant would work the 5-day week with
a wage and salary cut of per cent.
Over 100000 workers were Immediately af-
fected by these cuts. U. s. Steel alone employs
100000 -wage-earners. including steel workers,
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-11-07
Capitalism C0llabseS--
Socialism Marches On

We are printing excerpts from
various statements by Comrade
Stain and those made by leading
representatives of the capitalist
class. Contrast the statements made
by Comrade Stain, which reflect
the enthusiasm of the Soviet Union
and its triumphant march toward
socialism with these of the repre-
sentatives of the capitalist class
which reflect the gloom, uncer-
tainty, decay and bankruptcy Of the
capitalist system and their growing
fear and panic for the rising giant
the Five-Year Plan.
Statements by Comrade Stain.
1--WE are becoming country Of
metallurgy, a country Of automo-
biles, a country Of tractors, and
when the Soviet Union will be
put on the automobile and its
peasant on a tractor, let the
worthy capitalist gentlemen who
boast of their civilization try to
keep pace with us. We shall yet
see which countries may be de
fined as progressive and which
as backward"
"Is our production program &C
compliShable or not? Most GER
tainly it is. 1t is accompliShable
because all the con~-tionS necessary
for its accomplishment exist. 1t is
aecomplishable because its accom-
plishment depends on ourselves, on
our ability and willingness to make
use of the vast possibilities at our
disposal. How else can we explain
the fact that large number of en-
terprises and whole branches of in
dustry have already more than full
filled their plan? 1t we'd he stupid
to think that the production plan
is a mere enumeration of figures
and tasks. AS a matter of fact, the
production plan is the embodiment
of the living and practical activity
of millions of toilers who are en-
gagged in creating a new life. The
reality of our plan consists in live
people, you and me, our will and
our labor, our readiness to work in
the new way, our determination to
carry out the plan. Have we got
that determination? We have.
Well then, our production plan can
be carried out, and will be carried
out" F'rom Stains speech, deliv-
cred on June %, 1881, to the lead
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-11-07

coal miners, railroad workers and others. Beth
lehem Steel employs $4,000 and Youngstown
Sheet and Tube about 10000.
In the Pittsburgh district alone over 100000
workers we're included in the cuts which totalled
$15,OO0000 a year. Nor is the 10 per cent cut
the most serious reduction in steel workers
earnings. Wages in August before the latest
cuD were only As per cent of the 1926 level for
those still having jobs. But only So per cent OF
those working years ago have jobs now in the
steel industry.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-11-07

ers of Industry
ut is clear that the question
asked as to who will beat whom, as
to whether Socialism or Capitalism
will beat in industry, or vice versa,
has already in the main been de-
cided in favor of Socialism. It has
been definitely and irrevocably set
tied"
"We are rapidly marching for
ward, and we shall overtake the
most advanced capitalist countries
from the point of view of their
economic development"
Statements by Representatives of
the Capitalist Class.
w. P. Simms, ScrippS- Howard
foreign editor, in an article on Oct.
S, referring to the recent interna-
tional conferences, states:
1.-The object of these epochal 60
ings and comings, it is admitted be-
hind the scenes, is nothing less than
to prevent, not merely the collapse
of this or that particular country,
but of the white mans universe as
a whole. For recent events have
driven Washington, London, Paris,
Berlin and Rome to the startling
realization that only some sane ac-
cord on international finances,
economies and armaments-and
that promptly-can prevent a gen.
eraI smash"
The Commercial and Financial
Chronicle of Sept. 26 says: THE
far-reaching consequences Of this
action (the pound sterling losing its
gold. Standard can hardly be over
estimated. 1t is one of the catas-
trophic events of the century, sure
to be attended by a long train of
i'll consequences, from which Great
Britain and perhaps the world at
large is bound to suffer"
Bertrand Russell, in an interview
published in the New York World
Telegram of Oct. "a, says:
"The capitalist system is failing,
under pressure. The world is look
ing to Russia to see whether bet
ter system has been found. If the
Five-Year Plan succeeds the evil
dence will be overwhelming and the
propaganda enormous"
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-11-07

m october the new plant of the Amo factory
" in Moscow was opened 1t will produce the
largest trucks in the world The Mimi Novgorod
auto plant is making rapid Roadway. The num-
Der of workers employed in the auto industry
in the Soviet Union is increasing The wages are
constantly going up.
The auto industry was at one time the pilary
of prosperity. The pride of America Ford was
supposed to have ushered in new era in capt.
talisn. Not Marx showed the way of emanicpa-
ton to the working class, but Henry Ford.
So preached the misleaders of Labor
And now! Dynamic" Detroit presents a pic
ture of mass poverty The industrial giants of
Detroit cannot feed their own slaves. 1t stands
out today as condemnation of capitalism. Capt.
talism cannot develop any more its own produc
tive forces
The growth of the auto industry in the
U.SSR, the decline of the auto industry in capt.
talist America stand in marked contrast, proof
of the contrast between the decayng capitalist
system and the growth of Socialism in the Soviet
Union.
Wage Cuts in United States.
What are the conditions of the workers in
Detroit so typical today of every industrial town
of capitalist America.
WYE see that starvation in Detroit has already
" assumed proportions. In Detroit alone
over 25000O workers are walking the streets
looking vainly for jobs that cannot be found.
Over sixty per cent of the workers i'll the auto
factories have been laid-off More lay-off's
taking place daily, accompanied by the drastic
wage-cuts The working masses face the sever
est winter ever experienced, with no improve
ment of the situation in sight. Undernourish-
ment, lack of shelter and clothing taking
heavy toll OF the poor this winter,
Where Ford rules mass unemployment.
hunger and drastic wage-cuts the lot of the
workers in the automobile and other industries.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-07-16
AGENTS READY
FOR DRY DRIVE
Federal Bureau Arguments
Forces BY Addition
Of 335 New Men

WASHINGTON. July IS. tP-
Federal prohibition enforcement
today embarked upon "a new era.
to be marked by the biggest force
OF dry agents yet thrown against
commercial liquor violators.
The expectation at the prohibi-
ton bureau here was that by night
fall a brigade of 335 new agents.
bringing the force 70 about 1900.
its high peak in history, would be
ready for active duty.
Officials had word that most OF
them had completed a two-weeks
course cf intensive training yes
terday, with the remainder to fin
ish today.
Under present plans the greatest
pressure In the new campaign win
be exerted In New York. Phlladel-
phia and Chicago districts. Nearly
half Of the new force viii be sta
toned In or around these cities. In
addition these sections already
have received more than S. of the
l65 agents placed ln the field sew
eral months ago. when an emer-
gency appropriation BY the last
congress enabled this Many Of the
300 new men authorized to begin
work before July Il.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-07-16
ENCYCLLCAL
CALLED LIES
Mussolini and Directorate
Denounce Pope's Recent
Stand On Fascism

ROME. July Is. R-Prenier Mus
solini ard the fascist directorate to-
day denounced the Pope's recent
encyclical OF young fascisn as z COL
lection Of s"
The Vatican and masonry have
combined in common hostility to-
ward the fascist state" they charg-
ed. and 10 "defame" Balilla, a fas-
cist organization Of boys.
In a statement, the directorate an
ncunced thar the membership OF the
fascist party, $4,000 adults and
642, 900 youths. would mobilize
shortly on the Pave battlefields 81
Northern italy 20 demonstrate that
fascism is a military unit that ,as
achieved a revolution and has the
imperative duty OF defending IL
against whomsoever."
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-07-16
Stone Satisfied

WASHINGTON. July IS. P-
Chairman Stone today reviewed
the two-year We of the farm
board and found satisfaction in the
growing desire OF the American
farmer to help himself by organ
ling.
This. ne felt. was the outstanding
achievement az the boards brief
history, bringin orderly marketing
and greater returns for members
Of cooperatives.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-07-16
GENERAL CITY
zONINC PLAN
Is APPROVED
Commission Hearings
Will Again Be
Held Tonight

NO opposition 70 the general plan
or city coming as recommended by
the coming commission 10 the city
commission was voiced at the public
hearing on the plan conducted by
the city commission Tuesday night
Some rs property owners Of the
city appeared before the commits
sion, and several objections 70
classtfications assigned certain in
dividual sections OF the city were
voiced.
Work on Details
In practically every instance
members Of the commission and OF
the city coming commission agreed
with those v6icing objections. and
N appears that following the hear
ing all minor details vii. he worked
cut in such a manner as to avoid
any individual injustice.
At the opening Of the session Dr..
4. O. Works OF the coming commits
sion explained in detail the general
nian Of coming as proposed, ex-
planning the division OF the city
into residential districts. retail bus
ness districts, commercial districts,
manufacturing and apartment
Rouse districts.
Building restrictions proposed FOR
each district were explained by DR..
Works and Bert NJ. Cromack, men,
be-s OF the coming commission.
All objections TO the proposals
we're taken down by the city secre-
tarv and III the conclusion az the
hearing the city commission vii
consider such objections and In
corporate the changes they may
approve III the proposed ordinance
Not Retroactive
II was brought out during the
hearing that the zoning ordinance
when passed BY the city commits
sion. will not be retroactive. leaving
such business buildings and resi-
dsnces which do not conform with
the ordinance. secure but forbiddine
the construction Of any more such
buildings except In the zone unde'
which their Classification may fall
The commission recessed from
Tuesday night until WEDNESDAY
night at 7.30 when the hearing VII
be continued.
n IL the intention OF the citJ
commission 20 continue the hear
InE from night 70 night until a.
interested property owners have
had an opportunity OF being heard
Mayor r. B. Rentfro announced
Tuesday night
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-07-16

WE5TBROOK. Me. July l5.-t1
Mrs. Charles "A. valee. 61. mother
Of Rudy Vallee, died today az her
home here. Members Of the family.
including the radio crooner were
with her.
Vallee left his bride OF "A week.
the former Fay webb. In New York,
when he made his hurried trip
home.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-07-16

That lovely, natural bloom Of
youth Find 1t IN MELLO-GLO.
Purest. smoothest face powder
known. New French process makes
It stay on longer. Coioring. APP
proved by United States govern
ment. blends perfectly with any
complexion. No fIaky or pasty look.
No ugly shine. MELLO-G CLIO pre-
vents large pores. never initiates
skin. Cisneros Drug Stores.-Adv.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-07-16

MEXICO CITY. July 15-Pl-The
interior department announced to-
day that the immigration Of laborers
would D. suspended indefinitely on
September rs as a means AZ solving
TT Mexican unemployment prob
lem.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-07-16

COTTON VALLEY, La, July IS.
P-Rev. z. A. Sandifer. 40-year-
old pastor OF the Cotton Valley
Baptist church. today had a record
OF preaching continuously for 5Sia
hours.
Mr.. Sandifer started his dis
course at III a. m. Sunday. He
paused now and then 10 partake
OF raw eggs. chocolate. and coffee
and once TO change his shirt. He
was quite hoarse when he conclud-
ed at $50 p. m. yesterday.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-07-16

AMARILLO July l5.-tP-L
Cough. president Of the Farmers
Protective league. with headQuar-
tiers IN Amarillo. said today he had
mailed a letter TO President Hoover
asking the president to reveal the
names Of the limited number Of
spectators whom he accused Of
short selling 70 depress the price Of
wheat.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-07-16

NACOGDOCHES. July IS. Up
The Nacco Oil company vel in
side the city limits here was spud-
ded in last night. 1t was 70 be
drilled 70 a depth or 1000 feet.
The Vaughan Oil company. own
ing $500 acres at Appleby. spudded
their well in today. The contract
depth was 1000 feet.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-07-16
Texas Bow Killed

DALLAS, July Is. fP-Injuries
received in an automobile collision
last night 10 miles south Or Dallas.
proved fatal today 10 Clarence
Orr. IS. The boy received a frac-
tured skull and internal injuries.
His three brothers. Ernest. 80.
william. 20. and Wayman. ~. and
his brother ln-law, j. 4. Stovall.
IS. were Also injured.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-07-16
Wheat Moves

GALVESTON. July f5-lF-
Steadily moving export shipments
and available storage space for ap-
oroxinately 100000 bushels in
dicated today that wheat conges-
tor would not occur here.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-07-16

GALVESTON. July Is. -tP-In
an address TO members OF the Tex
as Hardware Jobbers Association
J.. L. Pitts. Of Alabama. president
Of the Southern Hardware Jcbbers
Association, today asserted that the
refusal OF railroad labor unions 10
accept wage reductions was respon-
sible for the Is per cent increase IN
rates.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-07-16

SCHULENBURG. July l5-tF-
Funeral services were to be held
here today at : .. m. for Mrs. Rosa
Russek, 10. wife OF the late Ignatz
Russek. banker and pioneer settler
Of S~chuienburg. and mother of
state Senator Gus Russek. who died
IN an ambulance en- route to San
Antonio yesterday.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-07-16

MsRSHALL July l5.-CP1-A
shock suffered IN an automobile
accident near here yesterday
brought back memories Of child
heed days after a larse az four
-ears. a man believed to be Thorn
IS Ucott Goolsby. chewing gum
salesman. told attendants az the
hospital 70 which he was staken.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-07-16

DALLAS. July Is. -tP- TWO
candidates for the presidency OF
the Texas State Florists Associa-
ton were named by the nominat-
ing committee at the 18th annual
convention here today. They were
Herbert Potter ar FL Paso and n.
v. Hoffmeyer Of san Antonio.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-07-16
VIII Sue Texas

PURCELL. Okla, July i5.-tP-
Attorney General J. Berry King
announced here today that Okla
hOma will sue Texas In an original
action In the United States supreme
court next month for opening OF
the free bridge across the Red
River at Dcrant.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-07-16

AUSTIN, July 15.-F-Gov. r.
>. Sterling viii b. asked TO submit
regulation and control or slot
machines to the special session OF
the legislature. The request viii be
made by Rep. p. r. Anderson OF
IAN Antonio who said he had q
bill prepared to declare operation
OF slot machines q public nuisance.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-07-16

NANKING. China, July IS. Up
Chang Kai-Shek. president Of the
Marking government, who Is d.
recting operations against the
southern government nt Canton,
~telegraphed today from the front
that the government armies had
broken through the enemy right
wing and captured Kwang0hung
and the Reds were III disorderly re-
treat towards the south.