davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-08
AUCTION Problems.
How would you bid and play the following
hand, North being the dealerP
a 1O862
VKQlOa
"a
&6542
AAJos NORTH AKo
wa Is al WA54a
@JS6S 1A al AAKa2
&0T3 aAoa
M143
VETS
AQlOT3
&KJ1O
There is I,rz,I,Iaua al,o corract a
a 543
V9T3
= @ 10 To
Ak 10

There Is no problem about the correct bid
ding. East would cali one no trump and would
obtain the contract. South should open his
Of diamonds.
The entire fate Of the hand depends upon
what declarer does with this first trick II he
likes speed records and plays without thinking.
he cannot make game. With proper play to
the trick his game cannot be prevented.
Since he holds the deuce himself, decIarer
knows South has exactly four diamonds and
North one. Playing the jack from dummy
would not gain trick, for three will be won in
the suit anyway, and no more. These, plus one
club, one heart and four spades win make nine
tricks, game. Declarer win need an entry in
dummy, however, in order to get them. II ne
chooses 70 overtake one Of his spade horors for
this purpose he risks making the 10 good for
the opposition If it il held with three others.
How can he get another entry Ia dummy with.
out that risk?
Upon examining the led suit it is plain that
ne can make dummys jack an entry by the
eampae procedure Of taking the first trick with
mas own ace or king. when he plays low from
dummy; and the goes on, he plays high
casaes the king and queen az spades and then
leads the diamond Q. No matter what South
plays nov, declarer has Q set-up game Had
he instead wished to derive q thrill from taking
the first trick with dummy:s and following
with his own deuce he would have failed to
make game.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-08
The Meas PrO6Iess.

South having bid . no trump and West hav-
Ing led the Of spades TO the singleton ace
oeclarer playing the 10, what should East now
return, the following hands being dummys and
his own? Why?
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-08
4 Tie BRIDGE Forum =.

20 statistics are available ON the
~ world record number of bids
IN made Ou q single hand or deal.
Gases Of and rounds of bidding,
- involving % 70 40 separate calls.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-08

How would you bid the following hands with
hour side possessing q partial score of % on
the first game Of a rubber. North being dealer
and opponents constantly passing?
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-04-04
Steal? Starve?--Or Organize
and Fight?

UORKERS who have experience
pd the President Of the Baltimore Ohio Railroad
Daniel Willard the suggestion that workers solve their unemployment
problem bystealng s
quite
big Railroad stealing
thing profession corporation
appropang everything building the
important point the particular nature OF Mr. Wizards advice of
individual
effort to solve his problem of unemployment
typical bourgeois
individuaisc
a only possibility working any
slightest immediate partial relief
relief at the cost Of the capitalist class and the capitalist government
quite willard
influence the workers in exactly the opposite direction Comfortable
ties could very well AFFORD TO nave desperate unemployed work.
stealing fles fact the als already
iull of unemployed workers who have done just this)
! step
ndividuasc method
than the method stealing The beauty" of the ndviduasic
which Willard kindly the Of his
that such methods leave the capitalist system but
the present catastrophe starvation unchanged
their political struggles the bourgeois class always
indvdIalstic solutions At stages it
bourgee resort to individuasc Of Political
typical instruments ior instance Oh capitalist class potians but like
ndivduasc acts not part Of tactics that
ployed % benefit the revolutionary working class
Stealing 1ndvidualstic
bourgeois methods capitalist forgive
Emma Goldman but never a Foster or Ruthenberg
possible that M Willard support program
of the International
helped him svndle the railroad opmen with
Plan"
Party upon the masses
capitalist class
Immediately
starving victims The unemployed
the
building character of the
leadership fight as solid
ten million
workers unemployed because Of the thevng
the workers to meet the problem
TO hell with the nsoen advice Of the parasite Daniel willard ~
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-04-04
Tremendous Accomplish
ments"
Demonstrate Against Them On May First!

THERE peacefulness passing IuIng
noise tools
News sc by the Republican National Committee
Washington D. c.
peacefunes" given
the
the cry of children for bread answered by the word hush 1t
peacefulness which should be and must be destroyed
that the tools industry
publican
better than none not need be told that this that
must ul hunger your families
ganing striking against family
yingwhch already deceny-that you
endured before.
Republican
the continued growth unemployment
capitalism relies retaining its control hypocrisy The National
Republican this letter
auda to that the program of Mr. Hoover has borne fruit in such
practical things as jobs Tor workers and "a wage scale maintained
despite depression"
prevented
putes only
look to of the positive fuImen of the Hoover program
Reduction sl6o0ooooo" This is boast of the
Committee fully justified
mention the refund of billions Of dollars given back by the Republican
capitalists these the
their refused the
ten million joble workers for unemployment insurance
Reduction of the public debt by more than billion dollars"
This workers accomplishment devotng
unemployment the
the public debt
ment bonds concentrated Wall Street
against the working class which Hoover carried out
a year existence
demonstrated its value by preserving American commodity prices from
another
meant that your cost Of living was held twenty or thirty per cent above
what it otherwise would have been and that bellies robbed
this extent for the benefit of big capital
against accomplishments cuts
starvation of the while the capitalists
guaranteed their billions profits that the entire working
mobilize to demonstrate on May the first!
Organize your
publican against
Organize to demonstrate May the first!
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-04-04
500 WOMEN STRIKE
IN NEEDLE SHOP
A F l. Mayor Tries to
Break Strike

ST. LOUIS, Mo, April Six hun
dred women workers, most of them
young girls, of the Forest City Manu-
featuring Co., a dress shop, in Col
linsville, Illinois went on strike, Mon
day, March 30.
The workers struck in spite of the
attempts of the mayor of the town,
and the A. F. of L. takers in the last
four or five weeks to keep the work.
ers from striking for better condi-
tionS.
At q meeting on March 26th, the
A. F. of l.. misleaders were forced
to allow the workers to elect a COM
mittee of their own to present de-
mands to the boss. This came as a
result of a leaflet issued by the
Needle Trades Workers Industrial
Union stating the demands, and call
ing upon the workers to take the
situation in their own hands and
strike for these demands.
The demands issued by the Needle
Trades Workers Industrial Union
were as follows;
Minimum wage of SO for all girls
increase of 25 per cent for those
making SO and over nowl Eight
hour day-forty- hour week. 3
Pay for repairs! 4-One-hour for
lunch! Safeguards and afety
guards on the machines! 6-Better
sanitary conditions!
These demands were presented by
the committee to the boss Monday
morning and were refused. When
this took place the workers walked
out.
The A. F. of L., together with the
Mayor and the police are carrying on
a campaign of terror in order to sell
out the strike. Militant workers in
the field were arrested, M. Names
and Earl CALI. At present the
mayor and the A. F. L, takers sue
ceeded through these means to get
control of the situation, and are al
ready selling out the strike.
In spite of the terror the influence
of the NT.W.I.U. among the work
crs is growing, and the N.T.WIU. is
active in exposing the role of the
mayor and the misleaders.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-04-04
SLIPPER WORKERS
FIGHT WAGE CUT
100 at Feifer Bros On
Strike; Join Union

NEWt YORK.-One hundred I'M
derpaid workers of the Feifer Bros.
Slipper Co., IL E. 18th ST., New York,
went on strike Thursday morning
against a 10 per ent wage-cut.
For the past three years this has
been one of the very low pay shops
of New York and the strikers are
now determined to not only stop the
wage-cut, but also to have organiza-
ton and recognition of their Shop
Committee.
F. G. Biedenkapp, general organ
izer of the Shoe and Leather Work
ers' Industrial Union, stated that
the strikers had all joined the union
and that the demands of the work
ers had been presented to the firm
by the strike committee, The work
ers are now picketing the shop and
will continue to do so until the firm
comes to terms
In putting the wage-cut to the
workers last Thursday, the boss said:
Boys, I want you to do me a little
favor-just small 10 per cent wage
reduction. You know we are happy
family and must help one another"
The workers answer was STRIKE.
Already the boss has offered a S
per cent wage-cut, instead of the 10,
but the workers answer is mo
WAGE-CUT-WE WANT A WAGE
INCREASE"
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-04-04
Mass Starvation Savindling, Wage
Cuts, Terror, for the Coal Miners
Senate Committee Told
Of "Tin Money" and
Virtual Serfdom

WASHINGTON, D. e., April g.
Evidence of horrible starvation, of
virtual serfdom of West Virginia
miners, of policy of deliberate. in
classification Of the misery of these
workers in which the courts and the
Red Cross played a part, Of sWindling
when there was work by paying in
company money instead of legal cur
rency, was unfolded by witnesses be-
fore the Senate Committee "inves-
tigating unemployment insurance"
here yesterday.
B. A. Scott of West Virginia testi-
fled on unemployment, in spite of
the declaration of Senator Hebert
of Rhode Island that the committee
was mot interested in unemploy-
ment but in insurance plans"
Scott said that the miners live I'M
der a state of company terror, be-
ing forced to deal in company stores
and pay the overcharge for what
they bought, with discharge the pen
atty for trading elsewhere.
Company Stores.
Scott testified:
"All the workers live in company
houses and are, treated by company
doctors. Most companies force the
workers to sign 'yellow-dag con-
tracts Anyone speaking of unionism
is fired and disposSessed. They re-
ceive no money, only company scrip
called tin money This is good at
the company store only and prices
at the company store are exorbitant
For, instance, a sack of the best
flour that costs rs cents in Charles
ton costs $1.30 at the company store
CONTINUED ON PAGE FIvE)
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-04-04
50 LONGSHOREMEN
STRIKE OVER CUT
100 MEET at Another
Dock; Hear Speakers

NEW YORK.-About so morgan
lied longshoremen are conducting a
strike here at the green coffee ware
house. These workers got 10 per
cent cut at Christmas time and then
recently another cut. Now they are
all out, striking against the cut, and
the U. S. employment agency is al
ready supplying scabs. The company
is also trying TO break the strike by
having part of the cargoes handled
by the New York Dock Co.
The strikers are fooled by the idea
that it is impossible to fill their
places because green men will not
know how to do the work"
The Marine Workers Industrial
Union has pledged these strikers full
support, but calls on them to forget
this craft notion about the company
not being able to use scabs, and to
resort to organizations and militant
mass picketing. The M. w. I. U
urges them to Immediately elect a
rank and file strike committee.
The beginnings of picketing have
already started.
At the Morgan Line Pier, 18th
and West StS., Thursday, over 10t
Negro and white longshoremen at.
tended an open-air mass meeting
and listened for an hour to speaker.
Herbert Newton, Stalloff, Shaw anc
Miller. The speakers explained the
need for mass demonstrations May
! for unemployment insurance, ane
called on the longshoremen to or.
ganize in the Marine Workers In.
dustrial Union and fight the speed
up and work for an increase in
wages.
When this meeting was over many
of these present told the speakers Of
the miserable conditions on the
docks.
I'VE have to come down here every
morning early and stand in line fol
job" said one Negro worker, anc
added: I'VE are lucky if we get 6
whole days work in week. Most Of
us longshoremen on Piers 40 and 81
earn from 50 TO SO a week.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-04-04
ORGANIZE JOBLESS IN
AND
SMALL FACTORY TOWNS!
DAILY STRUGGLE
TO WIN RELIEF
Illinois Plans to Cut It
Off If Unemployed
Will Starve Quietly

More organization of the councils
OF the unemployed, and more coun-
ellis, taking root in the small neigh.
borhoodS of the cities, Spreading into
the small towns, fighting every step
OF the way against evictions and
continually exposing the starvation of
the jobleSs. continually forcing the
hand OF the local governments with
demands for relief, is indicated as
necessary by all recent news. The
usefulness of these tactics is shown
by the attempt of the governments
in many places to fight back. Recent
failing of jobless workers in Chicago
for blocking an eviction, attempts by
police terror to break up the unem-
ployed council in Hammond Indiana.
attempts in New York to prosecute
CONTINUED ON PAGE FIVE,
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-04-04
JOBLESS WORKER
ATTEMPTS SUICIDE

NEW YORK, April 3-After he and
his half-starved family were evicted
from their poverty stricken home, an
unemployed Negro worker attempted
suicide and is now in local hos
pital in a serious condition. He was
unable any longer to stand the sight
of his family slowly starving to death.
The BostonRoad and Bathgate IN
employed Councils Immediately mob
ilized their forces on hearing of the
eviction and suicide attempt and car
ried the workers meagre furniture
back into the house despite police
interference.
The children of the worker could
not be located by members of the
two councils. and workers in the
neighborhood declared that they had
run away from fright"
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-04-04

out jumped several men, armed with
revolvers. The picket line was b,oken
up as the strikers saw they were out
numbered by thugs and gangsters.
One of the thugs attacked Max
Urban. According to one report Ur-
ban had enemies in the underworld
of gangsters and bootleggers to which
he belonged. He had been known
for many years as a bootlegger and
had ben convicted in a court for
bootlegging. According to another
report the thug mistook him for a
sciker. Urban fell to the ground
and was taken to the hospital.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-04-04
By GRACE HUTCHINS.
Prepared by Labor Research ASSN


PATERSON, N. j., April 3.-Thru
iron bars and wire netting, Benjamin
Lieb talked to the visitors about the
case in which he and four other silk
workers, members of the National
Textile Workers Union, are held in
connection with the death of boot
logger silk boss.
From his few words and from the
clippings and reports at union head
quarters it was possible to piece to-
yether the story of what happened.
Iieb, Lewis Bart, Helen Gershono-
vitG. Louis Harris and Albert Katzen-
,uch we're arrested on Feb. Is, fol-
owing an alteration on the picket
inc in front of Max Urban's silk mill
\ strike at this plant had continued
or eight weeks and daily picketing
was maintained by the strikers who
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-04-04
THREE CONVICTED
IN CHATTANOOGA
Only On "Incitement',
Other Charges Fail

CHATTANOOGA, Tenn, April g.
After two hour elaboration. the
fundamentals jury in the case of
the three jobless leaders Mary Dali
ton, Harry Gordon, and Elizabeth
Lawson brought in a verdict of
guilty on the Indictment to riot
charge. The case OF "lewdness"
brought against Dalton and Gordon
to prejidice the church-going jury
could not stand, and, not guilty
verdict was rendered on that charge.
The charge of vagrancy originally
placed against all three. was so alb
surd that the judge ruled it out be-
fore the case went to the jury.
The court room was filed with
workers and unemployed workers.
who were very sympathetic to the
defendants.
Able Defense.
The three '7orkers put up an ex-
cellent propaganda throughout the
trial, Lawson speaking at length on
the Soviet Union, and its accomplish
mentS, and the fact that unemploy-
ment has been ended there, while
Gordon scored the government and
business mems policy of mass starva-
ton of the unemployed in the United
States. and Dalton explained the re.
Volutionary program of the Com
munist Party.
All three were more than a match
for the police and the prosecution
and made their accusers look silly.
Race Prejudice
The prosecution tried to make this
case red batting" spree, and par.
ticularly harped on the 'intermar.
riage of Negroes and whites" as wen
as on the argument that these
criminals honor the Red Flag more
than the stars and stripes
Dalton told the workers and the
court that the Red Flag is the. work.
ers' flag, ana that the Communist
Party stands for full social, and poll
tlcal equality OF Negro and white
workers. ose
Led Demonstration
The judge sentenced Gordon and
Lawson to fine of $500 and Lawson
to a fine of 500. They are out ON
bonds during the hearing of the mo-
ton for a new trial The trial lasted
four days, having started on March
81, after postponement from March
10.
These three workers were arrested
because 5000 Negro and white job
less and militant employed workers
held demonstration here Feb. 10
and tried to march on the city hall
to make demands for immediate re-
lief. Some dozen we're arrested wllen
the police attacked. and these three
were held for trial. because they we're
known as active organizers of the
Trade Union Unity League and other
orsailzauoo1 u~e,z
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-04-04
Mulrooney Now Cuts
Out Apple-Selling

The solution" of unemployment
by selling apples having become out
OF date because of protest from reg
ular merchants, Police commissioner
Mulrooney of New York, has decided
it has become re. cket and is issuing
an order forbidding apple selling on
the streets in the silk stocking dis
trict. The Welfare Committee Off
cially admits 100000 unemployed in
the five city boroughs. No more
than 5000 apple sellers ever tried the
game. There are now only 1000.
Solution?
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-04-04
Smash the Boss Terror Against Workers Fight
ing Wage Cuts and Starvation. All Out
On May Day!
On May Day!

demanded pay increase of one-half
cent yard for weavers on the two
day shifts and one cent yard on
the night shift, with the 40-hour
week for all workers. Wages in the
Paterson silk industry had been pre-
viously cut by about SO per cent and
the strikers were trying to win back
a small fraction of the loss.
Max Urban, the silk boss, also a
bootlegger, drove up to the picket line
in car with his wife, who got out
and struck Helen Gershanowitz. a
striker, over the head with al UNI
brella. A second car drove up and
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-04-04
and Textile Strikers
Carry on Fight Against Cuts
Shelton Weavers Scorn
Latest Government
Strike Breaker

SH Ell T ON, Conn, April 3.-The
strike of the 300 Shelton Wearers
in the Blumentlal Co. here stands
fast, despite an additional attempt
of still another government strike
breaker, certain Brown, called a
"conciliator" of the U. S. Depart
ment of Labor, to stop it. Previously
Anna Weinstock, also a "conciliator"
of the same Department of Labor
had tried in vain to drive the strikers
back. They wouldn't even let her
into their meetings, her record as a
strike breaker in the Elizabethton
rayon strike having been we'll ex-
posed by the National Textile Work
ers Union.
The mayor of Shelton himself in
vited Brown to come, and Brown got
the same rejection from the strikers,
when, after trying to "conciliate" he
told the strikers their cause was lost
and they should surrender and take
the as per cent wage cut and work
two looms instead of one.
Bridgeport Mass Meeting
The 300 Bridgeport Weavers, in the
same company's mill there. have been
back at work for two weeks. They
came out in sympathy with the
Shelton weayers. but suffer from the
same evils and made much the same
demands. However, there is every
possibility that the Bridgeport weav-
ers will walk out again soon, because
there is much discomfort in Bridge
port. A mass meeting of Bridgeport
textile workers is called for the early
part of next week.
The Shelton weayers, led by the
National Textile Workers Union. are
planning now to extend the strike
quickly to other departments in the
mill.
The strikers, who have been out
now since March Q, are much in
need of relief. Their splendid strug-
gle should be supported by all work
ers Send donations for relief as soon
as possible to The National Textile
Workers Union, care of the Shelton
Weavers Club, Coram Ave, Shelton.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-04-04

The capitalist newspapers are trying
to make the workers believe that
wage levels are being maintained"
This idea is smashed by the gov
ernments latest report for February
Though this report covers a limited
amount of industries it says that
there were wage cuts in thousands of
plants affecting 10000 workers and
amounting to over 10 per cent.
On the very day that Hoover made
his statement that he was highly
pleased with the situation a flood of
reports Of wage cuts came to the
Daily Worker. Among them are the
following:
In Camden, N j., 4,037 workers in
the New York Shipbuilding Corpora
ton beginning next Monday will have
their wages. slashed 10 per cent.
In Newark, N. j., 500 painters went
on strike Thursday against Is per
cent wage cut. The wage cut was
ordered by the Metropolitan Chapter
of the Master Painters of New Jer-
sey, to effect 1,400 painters. 1t is
part of the national drive of the
bosses against the wages of all
workers.
A wage cut of ten per cent was
given the workers of the Standard
CONTINUED ON PAGE. FIXEl
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-04-04
5 Workers in Patterson Framed Up; Face
Sacco>Vanzetti Fate; Mobilize on May First

OF the five silk workers arrested
that day, two we're not even present
on the picket line that morning.
Harris was already at work in his
fathers silk shop, and Bart was two
blocks away, walking toward the mill.
But all were active members of the
National Textile Workers Union.
Three were also active in the Work
ers' Cooperative, especially hated by
the bosses and small business men
for its success in supplying workers
with food at moderate prices. Lieb,
as leader in the union, was held at
first for bail of $500 and the others
for lesser accounts, but all we're fin
ally released on bail of $1,000 each.
When Urban died on March 20,
the five workers we're routed out of
bed and out of their homes at three
CONTINUED ON PAGE EIyEl
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-04-04

WASHINGTON, April 3-Wage cutting has
become an organized attack by the leading
bosses of the United States, it was revealed to-
day when capitalist newspaper correspondents
attempted to question Hoover about it. Hoover
refused to directly but such statements he pres
dent had become of organized effort in certain quar-
tiers to force reduction from the White House
While wages are being slashed right and left Hoover
nounced himself being highly pleased with the situation
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-04-04
Hoover Hides Nation Wide
Wage Cut Drive of Big Bosses
May Day Demonstrations Must Sodfy Ranks Of Workers
TO Smash Drastic Pay Cuts and Fight
Against Hunger
BULLETIN.
Especial to the Daily Worker)

the Goodyear Rubber stating
twenty affecting $4,000 wOrkmen will
cation system being
"The first the
skill the which
meeting
and factory
largest will unskled
rate is IS
where the rate S an
"The cut will be IL cent"
The statement is a to
the wage n high as
10 The will
ting their rs to 80 cents The Union
pairing o organize struggle
The Goodrich Firestone
cuts
This of the national wages