Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-09-27

The present regulations require that
air transport operators obtain a certifi.
cate Of authority to operate from the
Secretary Of Commerce. One Of the
October / amendments requires thai
the operators obtain the approval Of
the Secretary Of Commerce for any
change In their plans Of operation from
that outlined In their original applica-
tons.
Another amendment requires that
aircraft, engines and equipment be
maintained in q continuous condition
Of airworthineSS In accordance with
accepted standards and practices" and
that to this end certain fixed periods
win be determined for inspection. repair
and overhaul Of aircraft, engines, in
strumentS and equipment.
The operator is required, under the
terms Of still another amendment, to
provide "a satisfactory, adequate and
properly qualified ground organization
to administer all phases Of ground OPP
Grafton, including the vital matter OF
maintenance.
Holders of certificates of authority
are required by still another amend
ment to make to the Secretary of Com.
merce such reports of their operation
as may be prescribed from time tc
time"
So much for these changes in the
basic regulations. The new features OF
the October / code which are Of the
most interest and importance. not only
to tho air transport companies but to
every passenger who rides the airways
Of the country or who sends mail or ex-
press by air OIL passenger lines, are the
Interpretations which have been made
by the Department Of Commerce Of It's
basic regulations.
Places Burden Of Proof.
The amendment requiring approval
for changes in operations plans, under
the Interpretations, will require that be-
fore operators change terminal fields
or intermediate stops they prove the
adequacy of the substitutes, the suita-
hility Of navigational equipment on any
new routes 70 be followed and theil
ability to maintain satisfactory service
on the new route. Any change from
daylight to darkness operations will re-
Quire submission of satisfactory proof
that the operator has the esSentia,
equipment, facilities and experience fol
night operations.
If it Is the desire Of the operator &c
add extra schedules or to run special
chartered trips In addition to his regu-
lar scheduled operations, he must DEM
~O@4A
merce that he has sufficient aircraft
and personnel to accomplish such extra
flying without interfering with existing
schedules or satisfactory maintenance
Of equipment.
Dealing with airline equipment, the
department has interpreted its reglla-
tons to mean that complete equipment
Of every kind necessary to safe and re-
liable operation must be provided anc
goes into considerable detail In its In.
terpretations Of the type Of equipment
which win be required after the new
rules go into effect.
There must be suficient number o
aircraft Of type properly adaptabl
for the service involved, the department
has decided.
Equipment Is Prescribed.
For day flying the planes must b
provided with compass, bank and turT
instruments, air speed indicator, clint
indicator, altimeter, accurate timepiece
complete set of engine instruments, firt
extinguishers, safety belts, frst-aid kit,
and adequate fuel gauges. Suitable
safeguards must be provided II paSsen'
gers are permitted to smoke. Complett
maps for the route and adjoining ter
rain must be carried, showing location
tons, radio beacons and intermediate
landing fields.
For night flying not only must al
equipment for day operations be pro
vided, but In addition the planes mus
have electric landing lights, navigation
lights, cabin lights, instrument boart
lights, with reostat control, all light
to be controlled from the pilots cock
pit, two flashlights OF adequate size ant