davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-08-22
TRAIL STOCKS SUNK
IN SHARP SELLING
Market Volume Remains Low
and Decline Continues
Orderly.
BY GEORGE T. HUGHES.

Special Dispatch to The Star.
NEW YORK, August 22.-The cur
rent reaction was carried further in
today's week end session of the stock
market. As rule losses were not large
but they were sufficient to break the old
resistance points and, in the case OF
the rails, to set up number of new
low records for the bear market.
The selling today was continuation
Of that in evidence In the last hour on
Friday. Part of 1t was professional at
tempts to depress prices and part OF II
was liquidation from traders who mad
bought in expectation OF the normal
Autumn recovery. The market mad
nothing to encourage 1t in the outside
rews except the hardening prices OF
crude oil and gasoline and the indi-
cations that the Oklahoma-Texas re-
striction campaign would be successful.
Concern was expressed over the
British policical situation. Prospects OF
wage reductions In the steel industry
was another disturbing element and,
most important of all, the steady de-
cline in the bond market usettled sem
tinent. Everything considered, the mar
ket did not do badly. Volume was low
and the decline was orderly.
New York Central and Pennsylvania
were the features in the railroad group.
Both sold at new low prices for the bear
market, New York Central at the low
est since 1921 and Pennsylvania at the
lowest since 1922. Atchison, Baltimore
g. Ohio, and Southern Pacific were on
point or more.
Among the industrials the pressure
was strongest against American Can,
Eastman Kodak and the highly specula-
tive ]. I. Case. The weak utility was
American Telephone e. Telegraph, and
vet the declines in none OF these brought
out any large amount of stock and
probably greatly strengthened the tech
nical condition. General Motors was
fractionally lower and made better re-
sistance.
The oils were relatively steady, espe-
cially Standard Oil of California, which
responded to confirmation of the reports
that merger negotiations with Standard
Oil of New Jersey we're under way. Both
stocks were selling at about the same
price today, suggesting that II combs
nation Is agreed upon the exchange viii
be on a share-for-share basis. Ohio
Oil, Texas Corporation and other lower
priced oil issues held around the pre-
vious close. Another merger report
heard today was that Skelly on would
go with Texas Corporation.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-08-22
CANADA STANDS THIRD
IN WHEAT SHIPMENTS

By the Associated Press.
OTTAWA, Ontario. August 22.-De-
spite rigorous competition and adverse
world factors Canada contributed prac-
tically one-third of the worlds wheat
shipments during the IL months ended
July 81. the Dominion Bureau of Sta
tistics reported.
Canada last year exported 228. 480, 403
bushels of wheat and 6,70l 1858 barrels
Of -four. This was the equivalent of
25e, 637 ,S87 bushels actually exported,
an increase of 72,370,675 bushels over
the 1s29-30 crop year. A decrease was
recorded, however, from the flve-year
average of 300 1853 $40 bushels.
Shipments from the Pacific Coast
ports totaled 74,541 ,e06 bushels. while
exports through Atlantic gateways, in
Guiding rerouted wheat from the United
States, amounted to 74,022, SCI bushels.
The balance Of the wheat movement
moved through United States ports.
The wheat carryover on July 81 to-
tailed 133, 1881 1913 bushels. compared to
IL .0e4 ,9l2 bushels in 1890 and 1o4 $3.50, :
221 In 1929.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-08-22
BULLS ARE ENCOURAGED
BY ACTION OF MARKET
Special Dispatch to The star.

Special Dispatch to The Star.
NEW YORK, August 22.-The ability
Of the stock market to finish higher tor
three successive sessions, after opening
strong and resisting flood of midday
selling, has encouraged the street. since
this action has been accomplished in
the face Of unfavorable outside devel-
opments
In some quarters the $4,000, 900 rise
In brokers' loans, the first increase
since early July, was interpreted as q
sign of public participation, but this
view was maintained only by a minor
ity. Subsistence of rail stock liquidation
has been constructive, but the continued
closing Of out-of-town banks and liqui-
dalton in rail bonds are not calculated
to interest the public in the market
Recent action of the market is inter-
preted either as liquidation taking place
under cover of strength in the oils and
merchandising shares or as the building
up Of steadily increasing short inter-
est. Most brokers favor the latter view,
because unfavorable news has predomi-
mated during the markets advance
Commentators agree that some sort OF
favorable outside news will be necessary
before the market can assume o broad
upswtng, and they are equally insistenf
that q few professional bulls cannot
continue indefinitely to put I'D shares
(Copyright. 1851
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-08-22
VIOLIN SHOP CALM SPOT

NEW YORK CN.A.N.A). Paul Glae-
sells violin shop in the Yorkville sec
ton is a sight for tired eyes and q
tonic on frayed nerves. The roar Of the
elevated down the block fails to pene-
trate the quiet interior smelling Of var
nished wood, resin and sawdust, and
there is no machine to suggest the age
we live In.
chine" Glaesel said. Its been tried,
but the idea had to be given up.
"Al the wood comes from abroad
he added. spruce and maple for bod
ies-and the best we can get nowadays
is only 10 years old. We get that from
Bohemia. But for 200-year-old wood,
ach. what wouldn't give2"
Copyright, 1881, By North American News-
paper Alliance. Incl
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-08-22
STANDARD OIL MEN
MEET ON merger
California and New Jersey
Company Heads Confer,
With Action Possible.
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press
SAN FRANCISCO, August 72.--The
Standard OH Co. If California has an
nounced q conference Is under way be-
tween executives of that organization
and the Standard OH Of New Jersey
on merger of the two companies.
Discussion had been under way for
two years on the proposed merger, the
company announced, but Indicated
something definite might come out of
the conference being held at Lake
Tahoe.
The merger would create O company
with resources of more than 12,3Bl,-
289 900, the latest balance sheets Of
the companies reveal.
Protest Second Merger Plan.
BARTLESVILLE, Okla, August "a
R9-The BartleSville Examiner says
stockholders here In the Prairie on a.
Gas Co. and the Prairie Pipe Line Co,
opposing any merger with the Sinclair
interests, have sent to John d. Rookie
Teller, IT,, said to be large stock
holder, a telegram Offering him their
proxies and urging him TO oppose q
objected consolidation.
The stakeholder contend the pro-
posed stock trade basis is ''unwise and
unjust" to them.
Five Companies Involved.
Five companies are reported involved
in the proposed merger: The Prairie
Oil g. Gas Co.. the Prairie Pipe Line
Co. the Sinclair Consolidated OH Cor
poration, the T1dewater Associated OH
Co. and the Rio Grande OH Co.
Combination Of the five would effect
a $1,000, 900 900 corporation interested
In production, transportation, MARKET
ing and refining Of crude oil.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-08-22
Markets at a Glance

NEW YORK, August % tPl.-Stocks
heavy; New York Central lowest in 10
years. Bonds irregular; rails improve.
Curb easy: trading extremely sluggish
Foreign exchanges irregular; French
franc and reichsmark steady. Cotton
higher: firm cables, trade buying. Sugar
holiday. Coffee holiday.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-08-22

When q Glasgow pawnbroker was
asked why so many pawn shops in the
Scotch city are quitting business, he
explained that owing to the unempioy-
rnent there was too much putting" and
not enough taking"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-08-22

The n, 8. p. O. A. Of Hungary In
Budapest has been provided with motor
cycle and side car, in which veterinary
surgeons viii be rushed to the scene Of
any accident involving an animal 80
that immediate FIRST aid can DO rem
dered
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-08-22

giysn the ssoys table are ne annual cash
sPius ~ IN stoek sFlns 81 IN stock PAD
81 skcek fPuS stock
80 Paid This
~ feeuIsr rate stock Plus 3fa5
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-08-22

Herr Ernest Humboldt Of Berlin. Ger
many, has just invented q boat" 3,
feet long. which may be ussd by bath
erg. IL fitting over the head and Is
propelled by hand crank which oper-
atas the screw.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-08-22
DIvIDENDS DECLARED
NEW YORK. August % (E).--

NEW YORK. August % {E9.--
Extra
Pc Pay Hldrs Of
Company. Rate. ROD able record
hutomot4Ye Or WIS 2ac Sep. I Aug. 20
Anti PropristorS q Sc Sep 10 Aug. 25
Initial
World Radio Corp Ioc Sep ! Aug 20
Liquidation.
Aeuahnet NIL Corp Sc Sep. IS Aus 20
Omitted.
Merrlnaek Mfg nj $3.50 Due at this time
Northern MEXICO Pow
& Degel pf .....2i.TS @ Due at this time
Rate Changed.
Bankers' Mi In Cl A soc 9 Aug Is Aug Is
Do. CT B.....,... SOC @ Aug. rs Auz. Is
Reduced.
Standard Utilities. &c q Sep. ! Aug 20
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-10-26
CapOne and the Law

Every one is glad, of course, that AL Capone dis
covered that it is impossible to make a bargain with
the federal courts"
That may direct attention to the fact that Capone
had made open and direct bargains with the govern
ment, a bargain for a short term in prison in return
for a plea of guilty.
The bargain was admittedly made with federal
prosecutors who believed that the Judge would follow
precedent and accept their recommendation as to
the length of the sentence.
1t was openly stated in court that the bargain had
been approved in Washington by the office of the
encouragement and that this office, a cabinet office,
had believed that the judge would ratify that bargain
and permit Capone to escape lightly.
All that was shown was that one particular federal
Judge refused to ratify bargains made by other fed
eral officers.
1t leaves the others in a position of some doubt.
at least.
The Capone case should cause some serious think
ing as to the question of prohibition. Capone is it's
finished product.
He directed the gangs who killed hundreds, yet
he was not tried for murder.
He ran dens of vice and iniquity, and the law
never touched him.
He sold millions of dollars worth of liquor, and
was never jailed for that offenSe.
He was caught only when he refused to split his
profits with Uncle Sam. Such a law.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-10-26
Helping indianapolis

Before any plan, national or local, can.
help this city back to normal prosperity, the
burden Of unfair utility charges must be
lifted.
No city can stand the extortions prac-
ticed here and survive.
A comparison of rates charged for water
and electricity here and in other cities IL
Illustrates how far the owners of these con-
Germs go in their greed.
These high charges enter not only into
the cost of living for the workers, but into
the cost of manufacture, of business, of all
industry.
Last year Clarence Geist took $1,225,0 900
out of Indianapolis as dividends on five mil
lions of dollars of stock. He took practi-
cally A 4cents out of every dollar paid for
water as his own profit. How much. more
he took in the way of charges for engineer
ing and other pickups is not known and can
only be known by an examination of his
books by a public service commission or a
court.
The electric company is as bad or worse.
It's holding company serves to mask the real
earnings. In the purchase of coal alone vast
sums are taken from the earnings of the
company.
Both of these companies justify their
rates on the theory that they had the right,
in the days of high cost of labor and COM
modities, to charge on the basis Of cost of
reproduction of their plants.
A valuation of the same plants on that
basis today would show a reduction of at
least 40 per cent.
These concerns are eagerly watching the
community fund workers. They know that
they receive a portion of such funds through
their charges. They have no tin cups, but
they dip into charity.
the time is here to demand justice. The
public service commission should cut the
rates at once.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-10-26
HEALTH
Most Industrial Dust Not Injurious

deed that due to severe climatic
conditions.
Apparently, the most harmful of
all dusts is that developed in the
industries using silica, particularly
those associated with basalt and as
beStoS.
The dust of asbestos acts in con-
nection with the tissue of the lung
to cause a t%hickening or fibrous
condition of the lungs which goes
on rapidly to a serious if not ia
tai condition.
Coal dust apparently does not
produce any unusual mortality from
respiratory disease. The lungs of
miners are found to be simply black
with coal dust, and yet no serious
disease of the lung has developed.
If, however, the coal dust is COM
bined with silica dust of the type
that has been mentioned, the con-
dition that develops may be ex-
tremely serious.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-10-26
A Dewey Evening

The kirshoaum Centereand the public library in
troouced something new to education in this city
sunday evening in the form Of a Dewey discussion.
Inc address OF John Dewey, noted liberal in the
realms Oh eo1catlon. came over the radio. 1t was
preceoeo by a brief discourse on Dewey by a promi-
nent educator. 1t was followed by a general discus
sion of the topic discussed by Dewey.
There will be other radio evenings when other
leaders are on the air.
There is no patent on this plan. Other groups can
do the same thing. 1t has the merit of stimuating
thought. 1t brings back the town meeting and links
1t with world trends. Other centers and communities
might try it with profit.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-10-26
Oil Films Explained

1T is possible to use X-rays to in
a vestigate. molecular structure
because of the extreme %shortness
of the rays. Visible light can not be
used because the waves of light are
themselves longer than the atoms.
The structure of molecules has
recently proved the key to the be-
havior Of many different substances.
This is particularly true of the be-
havior of oil films.
ut is we'll known" says Prof.
Mack, that if gasoline or kerosene
or Paraffin oil is placed on a water
surface, it will spread fairly readily
to give a pool or lens Of oil.
IF, however, a vegetable or ami
NAL oil, such as castor oil, peanut
oil, etc, is dropped on to a clean
surface of water, a film of an en-
tirely different sort is produced.
The film is not thick in the mid
die and tapering out at the edges
as in the case Of mineral oil lens,
but it is of uniform thickness
throughout and if not confined too
much it will spread out to give an
extremely thin film.
This difference in behavior of
the two sorts Of oil is due to a diff
ference in the nature Of their mole
cules.
The molecule Of a mineral oil
consists Of a long chain Of carbon
atoms, with hydrogen atoms at
tached to every carbon atom.
But the vegetable and animal
oils have molecules which differ, in
general, from mineral oil molecules
in one important respect. They, too,
consist of long carbon chains, but
attached to one end Of the chain are
some oxygen atoms.
These oxygen atoms are soluble
in water and they confer solubility
on end of the molecule. This
explains why the oil tends to
spread; every molecule wishes to
dip its soluble head under water"
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-10-26

Workers in limestone, marble,
gypsum, and in cement dc not
suffer much from the dust they
inhale, because these dusts are
mostly calcium dusts and calcium
is easily taken up and handled by
the human system.
There are, however, other dusts
which are not easily taken up, such
as those from basic Stag and emery.
These dusts contain oxide of
aluminium, which is not easily dis
solved in the tissues and which
therefore must be coughed up.
Constant exposure to such dust
causes repeated inf1ammations of
the tissues of the lungs and a type
of bronchitis which becomes chronic
and serious.
1t is, of course, difficult to tell the
difference between bronchitis
caused by dusts and that which re-
suits from exposure at hot furnaces
and that due to the fumes that
arise in various industries, or in
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-10-26
Just Every Day Sense
{. WALTER FERGUSON
THE Birmingham Post has been conducting a pro

TIN Birmingham Post has been conducting a pro-
l. hibition poll.
DO not dare print my name" it cites one COM
munication favoring repeal as saying. 1t was signed
by a school teacher.
This is a splendid commentary upon our slavish
suppression OF honest thought in the public schools.
And Birmingham is by no means the only place
where such things occur.
Go into any city or town of any state in the Union
and you will find that the most fearful Of all individu-
ais. and the one who forces his mind to a set pattern,
is the teacher of children. He dares do nothing, say
nothing. be nothing save what the school board ap-
proves.
No superintendent, no principal, no teacher in this
free country can express an opinion if it d~iSagreeS
with that of the public, for fear of losing his job.
Here is the worst form of tyranny that man can set
up, and certainly it can turn out sycophants and fools
as readily as did the old system of the Divine Right
of Kings.
XXTE can not rise to greatness unless our teachers
w our preachers, and our leaders are mentally free.
And one reason why we suffer from intolerance, mar
rowness of vision, and smugness of national attitude
comes directly from the fact that those who teach
dare not teach the truth as they see it.
Not only does this form of repression react against
the interests of children, but it forces the employment
OF those not fitted to teach. The straightforward man
who thinks for himself refuses to be kept in any such
mental dureSs.
He therefore, although he may be adapted espe-
cialy to this work, seeks other occupation.
For no teacher, from kindergarten to college, can
instruct and inspire his pupils without that liberty
OF thought that should be the right of every intelh-
gent American.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-10-26
Row Over Relics

TINE Smithsonian institution
l. faces another controversy over
Langley's airplane.
First, it offended Orville Wright
by tagging this airplane as the first
heavier-than-air, man-carrying fly
ing machine.
After forcing the Smithsonian in
stitution to modify this legend, Mr..
Wright sent his own historic air.
plane to the Kensington Museum
in England, where it probably will
remain.
The latest dispute is as to who
built the engine that propelled the
Langley plane, which the Smith
sonian institution credits to Charles
M. Manly. but which his friends and
admirers say should go to Stephen
M. Balzer.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-10-26
NJ. E. Tracy

It's q Sorry State of Affairs
When We Must Wait for q
Highbinder to Violate the
income Tar LdW Before He
Can Be Caught.
CHICAGO is reported as "juhi-
~ liant" over Al Capone's convic-
ton, while government authorities
are said to regard it as a "milepost.'
There is little logic in either view.
Chicago contributed very little to
putting this racketeer where he be-
longs, though it vas upon her and
her people that he preyed.
AS to government, it is placed in
the position of having to infict too
harsh a punishment for violating
the income tax law so a local GRIM
inal may be dealt with properly.
It's a sorry state of affairs when
we must wait for a highlander to
make enough money to violate the
income tax law before he can be
caught, or convicted.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-10-26
Times Readers Voice Their Views

have seen a bussful of men intoxi-
Gated by what was no doubt the
product of a bootlegger and maybe
bought in one of the coffee houses.
What has prohibition done for
this country? 1t has created thou
sands of Al Capones, large and
small, who roll in wealth while an
honest mar hardly ian make a liv-
ing; increased crime a thousand
fold; turned respectable people into
hypocrites, and bred contempt for
any law.
The country is getting ahead
without the liquor tax, but where is
it headed for? The small business
and the modest home owner are
ov~erburdened with this tax and that
tax, while the wealth created by
prohibition for the vice lord and
racketeer lies untouched and I'M
taxed and its owner unpublished for
violation of every law.
Temperance and not prohibition is
the great and growing need of this
country. Twenty years of honest
temperance education in this coun-
try would do more than a hundred
years of prohibition.
Prohibition has become a part of
most Of our Protestant religions,
but where does the Bible say any
thing about prohibition? But it
does teach temperance in all things
Temperance in all phases of life
to the ardent dry at any cost, tenn
perance in your thinking and rea-
soning.
Do not simply gaze at the beauti-
full picture of prohibition. Tear away
the bright covering and see the all
devouring monster, of crime, corrup-
ton, hypocrisy and destruction to
which it has given birth.
NOBLE x. PERTINENT.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-10-26
Seldom Spherical

A GOOD many years ago Lord
"A Kelvin gave a rough scale rep
resentation of a water molecule, in
order to help us visualize its size"
says Professor Edward Mack Jr. of
Ohio State university.
He said that if a drop of water
were magnifed to the size of the
earth, every molecule would have a
size somewhere beween that of q
buckshot and a cricket ball.
To-day we can define the mini
mum and maximum limits of size
much more narrowly, and in the
case of the water molecule and a
great many other molecules we
know the dimensions of the mole
cule and the distances between the
centers of the atoms in the cluster
which constitutes the molecule, with
considerable exactneSs.
In Lord Kelvin's day it was Gus
tomary to think of a molecule as a
Sphere-a tiny billiard ball
cat the present time our knowl-
edge Of molecules is so much more
detailed that we are quite sure that,
although the atoms generally do
show a spherical symmetry to most
of u probes and tests, the mole
cules, especially of organic SUBJ
stances, seldom appear to be sphere.
They have characteristic skeletal
shapes of their own, and in fact
appear to be shaped very much as
the structural formulas of the or
ganic chemist would indicate.
Such structural formulas have
been worked out, of course, by
chemical means"
The X-ray has been the most
powerful tool in the analysis of
molecular structure. Two methods
are used. In one, the beam of *
rays is shot through the crystal to
be analysed. In the other, it is re-
flected from the surface of the
crystal.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-10-26
RuSSiaIS Nose In

MEANWHILE, Russia complicates
4V1 the far eastern situation by
warning the leaders of an indie
pendence movement in Manchuria
that they must be careful when
they come neal her railroad prop
critics.
Whether this is a roundabout
way of hitting at Japan remains to
be seen, but there is talk among
certain high Chinese officials about
the desirability of resuming diplo-
matte relations with Russia.
Eugene Chen, foreign minister of
South China, frankly admits that
since China lacks military strength,
she must look to outside nations for
help. Why not Russia, if the others
fall down?