Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-01-11
NAVAL MISSION OF PEACE
SCORES DIPLOMATIC. GAIN
United States and Brazil, Soon to Termi-
nate l2-Year Effort, Find Relations -
ship of Mutual Benefit.

of the genuine neutrality Of our Peru
Wan mission that when the new gov
eminent came into power in col1Se-,
Quence Of the successful revolution It
retained In ONCE the American naval
mission which had been appointed,
and employed by the government that
had been depoSed.
In Brazil, on the other hand, the
successful and incoming revolutionary
authorities have declined to review the
contract with the American naval mis-.
sion instituted by the old government.
This formation of the services of the
mission, however, rs officially an
nounced as a measure of financial re-
| trenchment and without any political
or other motive. The French military
mission to Brazil Is to be similarly
terminated, and for the same reason
Established War College. -
has been naturally almost entirely
professional and technical The
American officers of the Brazilian mis-
sion established naval war college ct
Rio and advised in every phase of
naval activity from the reorganization
of the shore stations and ships to the
administrative training in gunnery,,
engineering and other rudimentary
No angle Of naval efficiency was
overlooked until the Brazilian Navy
may be confidently clasSed as one of
the most effective of its size, that
exists today. The Americans have
contract. The Brazilians were so well
pleased with the work Of Capt. Vogel-
| gesang, for example, that at his subs
| sequent death in this country their
government erected q memorial tablet
to his memory. .
| The benefits accruing to the United
| States from the work of the mission
character. In announcing our policy of
sending naval missions to such South
| American countries as might request
them, our Secretary Of State (Mr,
Hughes) asserted that our purpose was
| so to strengthen their sea power as TO
assist the United States In keeping open
the sea lanes and protecting commerce
during war. 4
Primary Object Economic.
Thus our primary object Is economics
| which is in keeping with the apparent
aims Of all the European nations which
have been sending military and naval
missions to Latin America for so many
years. 1t has been case OF utilizing
military forces for diplomatic purposes,
| with commerce as principal by-prod~
uct during peace no less than war, and
lit should be observed that the economic
Ply product is mutually beneficial both
to the country sending the mission and
to the one receiving it. since exports
and imports are stimulated in both di-
| rections.
The commercial BENEFITS flowing from
the new era Of good will between Brazil
and ourselves, in the establishment and
maintenance Of which the naval mission,
has been q key element, may be gagged.
/ a N
war the value of the United States
products imported into Brazil was ex-
ceeded by two European countrieso
Meantime, we have moved up from this
rather bad third place to a decisive first
place In 1928 we. sent $4,000, OOO
worth Of goods to Brazil, as compared
with $50, o00, 900 worth from the United
Kingdom.
Benefits Prove Mutual. .
In the Brazilian markets American
agricultural tools and machinery, loco,
motives, typewriters, adding and cal.
culattng machines, automobiles, resin,
tarpentine and motion pictures now
occupy q pfe-eminent place. We also,
have gained q satisfactory position In,
the sales Of electrical goods, tires. In
dllstrial machinery, lumber, shoes, four
leather, paints, rails, hardware, tine
plate, cotton goods, etc. ~
Looking at the trade balance from
the other side of the picture, Jne United
states has long been BraZilS best GUS
toner. Her principal product is coffee.
Of which We are by far the greatest
consumer. Doubtless this exchange
would continue TO grow from natural
causes, regardless of the element of
good will, however stimulated by such.
1nstrumentaltties as naval missions.
But one of Brazil's greatest problems
Is to balance her economic life and free
herself from the letters of a single,
| crop country" Her present politicaH
Ills and severe business depression arei
largely the result Of q lack of eco-f
nomic diversidcation, and it is in this
line that closer relationship with
Americans has been and will continue to
be most helpful to Brazil
| Brazil Is a huge and comparatively
undeveloped country. potentially caIba4i
Die OF sending to us great volrkne
and variety of products which car not
be duplicated in the United StatesG or
can be produced here only at ceHair'
seasons which are the reverse off the,
Brazilian seasons. AS the greatest jCon-,
Stunning market in the world, we, offer
to the infant businesses Of BraGM ar
immense diversification and dkWaIops
ment which that country needs nj or
der to balance her economics,
Up to now BrazirS economic pfhicieg
have been occupied almost exclv sfVely
with the production Of coffee. I'M yearA
which brought poor coffee crops &or low
coffee prices the nation had NO other,
resource to which it could lbg)k for
support. Our country must cast abolfr
for such resources and develChu these
which are at hand. In the Interests
OF our commercial future we I11ust de-
pend no longer upon coffee toy the exc
clusion of everything else" ~ Is
One Of the results of the stimulation
OF closer Brazilian American relation.
ships during the last few Years has
been the inception of the immense
rubber project of Henry Fce'd in the
Amazon Basin. When the blantations
come into bearing, there will Zoe another
great commercial. bond between the
two countries. Americana electrical
power companies also have been very
active and progressive in EI1e deveIop,.
ment of this form Of BraziH's indugtriaI
life.
British Develop Ra MrOadS. -, a
Among Brazil's greatest assets is a
vast mountain of high-gbade iron ore.
It lies in rough country several hum
dred miles from the coeHt, and a fllrsf
Their handicap in. its DEVELOPMENT is the
want of coking coal. Nevertheless, an
English company has tGlken the project
In hand OF hauling the Idre to seahoarde
where 1t viii be treated with. imported
coal. ~ Is4,-s
ment of Brazil, especially in raiIroadgs
The King is said to, he the owner, Of
a large orange plantation north Of RE,
and a good trade in oranges has grown
up with Northern Europe From time
to time British CkIplomatic missions