davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-14
BUILDING PICKING UP.

OTTAWA, Ontario, June - (spe-
building operations throughout Canada
are disclosed in a bulletin made public
here by the Department of immigration
and Colonization of the Canadian
Pacific Railway Tabulation of building
permits issued in 81 cities throughout
Canada during April revealed a total
valuation of $13,786.466. as compared
with valuation Of $9,906567 for per-
nlits issued during March. the bulletin
states, pointing out that this represents
an increase Of 1872 per cent.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-14
SCHULTZ DIVIDEND.

NEW YORK, June Is Especially -
Schulze Baking Co. directors have
declared the regular quarterly dividends
of rs cents per share on the convertib' e
preference stock and SITS per share on
the rreferred stock. both pays be July
1. 1881, to stockholders of record
June IS
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-14
Markets at a Glance

NEW YORK, June IS R.-Stocks
irregular: rails rebound from early
profit-taking. Bonds irregular; rail-
roads advance. Curb irregular; special
ties rise. Foreign exchanges firm;
Canadian improves. Cotton easy; Ia
vorable weather. Sugar, holiday. Cof1ee,
holiday.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-14
NEW YORK BANK STOCKS

NEW YORK. June IS (P.-Over-the
counter market:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-14
WEEKLY SUMMARY OF THE NEW YORK STOCK EXCHANGE
FOR WEEK ENDING JUNE Is, 1881.

HgI. High. low
Average price of so stocks 1928 I78O7 1I225
Same period Observation-Disclosures. 245.60 20295
Seward daily gateway., 1931-02-28
MORE OV NIL.
lContinued from Fage One1

tContinued from Fage OneA
 Hills efforts toward interna- tional friendship resulted in his being named honorary counsul- general of Belgium for Iraho, Oregon and Washington in 1916. As the promoter of the Peace Portal between the United States and Canada, marking 100 years Of peace, he was voted special thanks by the United States Sen ate and the Canadian govern ment
 An ardent advocate of exten- sive good roads, Hill became president of four highway asSo- ciations on the Pacific Coast where his work was credited with being largely responsible for the establishment of several major intersectional routes Ex- tending his activities in this line to other sections of the coun- try, particularly the south, he became vice president of the American Road Builders Asso- citation in 1926.
 MT. Hill was born at Deep River, Randolph County, North Carolina, May 13, 1857. He was graduated from Haverford Col lege in 1873, with an A. B. and received the same degree from Harvard the next year. and later he was made LID. by Penn Coi- lege, Iowa. Admitted to the bar in 1880, he began his career as associate counsel for the St. Paul and Northern Pacific Railway and the Minneapolis and St. Louis Railway. serving in that capacity from 1880 to 1888. In the latter year he married Mary Hill, daughter of James Jerome Hill, "the Empire Builder" whose prOtege he had been. The couple had two children. Samuel Hill was the son of Nathan Branson Hill and Eliza Lenora Hill.
 MT. Hill was the president of the Eastern Railway of Minneso- Ia: St. Paul Minneapolis and Manitoba railway and Montana Central Railway, part of the Great Northern system, from 1899 to 1900 He was likewise president of the Minneapolis Trust Com pany from 1888 to 1903.
 Other business connections in cluded president of Minneapo- lis Union Railway, Seattle Gas and Electric Company, U. s. Trust Company of Seattle. Home Telephone and Telegraph Com pany of Portland ore, director
Seward daily gateway., 1931-02-28
OUT FOR HEALTH

Mrs. SWallerSon and children, well known Anchorage and Moose Pass residents, arrived Friday enroute to the States on account of the poor health -of Mrs Swal- Ierson. MI. Swallerson IS a sec tion foreman for the Alaska Rail- road.
Seward daily gateway., 1931-02-28

of the Great Northern Railway and Northern Steamship Company.
 He was overseer of Harvard University from 1900 to 1906 and vice president of the Minneapo- lis Athenaeum Library since 1880.
Seward daily gateway., 1931-02-28

Arrivals from Anchorage bring word that the ttalkieS' contin- ue to be packed every night, both at first and second nights of the same show.
Seward daily gateway., 1931-02-28

E. Brooker, we'll known pioneer who has been visiting his fam fly in the States for the past several months, was a returning passenger yesterday on the SS Alameda.
Seward daily gateway., 1931-02-28

List your labor wants with us; we will endeavCr to secure for you the help deSired. Phone Adams 126 or ci-ll at the M 6 " Club, Seward, Alaska.
Seward daily gateway., 1931-02-28

Miss Ann Olson, hostess of Primrose Inn, Lake Kenai, return ed Oh the SS Alameda from the south following an absence of three months.
Seward daily gateway., 1931-02-28

The best ice cream yet. Hor- luck's Danish Ice Cream. Candy Cottage, sole agent.
Seward daily gateway., 1931-02-28

IF YOU HAVEN'T TRIED RLUCK'S DANISH ICE CREAM YOU HAVE MISSED SOMETHING GOOD. Sold only at the Candy Cottage.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-10-11
France Talks Between Laval
And Lord Reading Held Good Augury

Continued From Third Page.)
French and the British seem to have
felt that the issue should not be unduly
prolcn ged, but should be regulated one
way or the other as soon as possible.
VIII Confer First on Arms.
4. Disarmament. The two countries
seemed to have agreed, at least so far
as Lord Reading YVES able to commit
him.elf, that neither will take any i'm
portsnt initiative regarding the forth
coming disarmament conference with
out first consulting the other
5. Treaty revision. This subject was
not deeply argued The British seem
to have agreed with the French that, in
any case, the present is not suitable
time for reopening this question.
g. Bimetallism and a possible silver
conference. The British seem to de-
sire such a conference, which they feel
would help particularly international
trade with China and India. There
also has been a suggestion that wider
use of silver money would help to COM
pensate for what the British claim to
be world shortage Of gold.
Paris Opposes BimetaIlism.
The French are opposed to bimetal-
Ism They are willing to discuss the
silver question, but refuse to admit
that there Is not enough gold in the
world Their thesis is that there is
plenty of gold and that the present
unequal distribution Is merely tempo
rary, due largely to political pertlrba-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-10-11

tions which have destroyed confidence
in certain countries.
Z. Plans for protective tariff in
Great Britain, If the Conservatives win
the elections. The French said that
such tariff would be heavy blow to
French trade and would oblige France
to try to protect itself in some wav,
Lord Reading seems to have promised,
as Tar as 1T lay in his power. that he
would try to prevent anything like dis
elimination against French goods.
Pound Sterling Discussed.
8. Sterilization of the pound sterling.
The French said that fluctuations of
the pound are causing disturbances in
foreign trade everywhere, while the fall
of the pound has been almost eouiva-
lent to high tariff against French
goods in Great Britain. M. Laval ex-
pressed the hope that Great Britain will
stabilize the pound at some suitable
level as quickly as possible and said that
when the time comes France is ready
and eager to help Great Britain with
credits, especially If the United States
is willing to do likewise
Lord Reading thanked M. Laval and
said that it is too soon to answer the
question when the pound shall be stabi-
lized. 1t is necessary first to await the
outcome of the elections. Even then it
will perhaps be found best to allow the
pound to ind its own ratural level
before stabilizing it, rather than to risk
failure through overhaste.
tCopyright, 1s31.l
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-10-11

and unsympathetic? All these questions
must be cleared up before selective
breeding is undertaken. There is no
body of men at present fit to be trusted
with the power of molding the race"
In his philosophy suffering, which he
nndS sometimes beneficant and some
times gratuitous and evil, does nos
negate the notion of a fundamental pur-
pose. He believes in a scheme of things
beyond the power of human under
standing, and when presented with the
awkward question of the existence of
suffering in relation to the idea of life
being purpoSeful he tells himself that It
may be impossible to bring results about
without suffering, and so thinking he
consoles himself and preserves his i'm
plicit faith.
He sees that while mankind has pro-
crossed economically and spiritually, in
the sense there is no longer the great
gap that used to exist between the rich
and the poor in essential matters, still
tnere are disintegrating tendencies In
society, and to understand these you
nave TO come back to economics.
Holds Economics Essential.
Economies. he insists and reiterates,
IS the thing now. Right thinking about
economics alone can save our ciyiliza-
ton. Energy, if necessary, should be
aoStracted from other pursuits to pro-
vide economics with .more first-class
MINDS TO work out the science of the
subject. He thinks science could stay
put for another 20 years. We can get
or with what We know. But greater
knowledge of economics is a world ne
cessity. He would like TO see a horde
OF popularlzers impressing the impor-
lance OF economic principles on the
public. Unless this great effort Of I'M
Outstanding is made he foresees that
our economic society, abruptly grown so
much more complex, presently will be
more than man has ideas to control
This seems to have been the secret of
the fate Of Rome
Meantime he thinks that the present
cspitaliStic system, despite many seri-
Gus drawbacks, gives economic rewards
on the whole to those who fulfill eco
nomic wants. Men who MAKE money
do, on the whole, produce something
that is wanted, although whether the
public should want the things produced
is anothar matter.
Indeed, he thinks we have got our
sense of values lopsided. Money wealth
is not everything: and as for poverty
there are various kinds of it-of thought,
Of resource, of leisure. of culture One Of
the needs of feverish hurried, nerve
strained age Is that men should realize
that there are other values outside the
limited circle, for instance, of the man
who sits in an Office all week and can
think Of nothing better to do on Sum-
days than dash about in an automobile,
q distraction which belongs to the same
class of values which conditions his
ordinary nfe-swift movement merely
being the opposite of sitting still
Other values are to be found in such
things O rohf1ncnFaI1Tr 1f 80
religion, beauty. great music.
We have little enough opportunity,
he remarks somewhat sadly, to cultivate
these cases in mans life on earth.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-10-11
The Road to NOrmalcy

The cycle of prosperity begun in 1925
was, however, not justified. The rea-
sons for that are clear. The farmers
and producers of raw materials in
every country had become enriched
during the great war; in addition, a
manned neutral became rich by selling
arms and munitions to the belligerents
At the same time, reconstruction and
the development of new plant and
equipment provoked feverish atmos-
phere Of activity; the immense prog
ress in technique, as well as the as
tonishing amount of Naturalization
increased the efficiency Of production
to proportions that we're unheard OF
up to that time, and inspired o great
amount of general enthusiasm.
seemed to forget that they were
mortals, and that human nature carries
with it strict limitations.
Consumption Falls on.
The hour had to come when the
consumer proved unable to keep up
with a production that was moving at
a giants pace, and which had re-
sponded up till then to what was, on
the whole, an exceptional demand
The first signs of fatigue showed
themselves in the United States to-
ward the end of 1927: the financial
reports at the end of that year left
no doubt in this regard. Nevertheless
prosperity was to last nearly two yeara
longer.
Several causes retarded the advent OF
the depression, even though it virtually
had arrived; one can note, for ex-
ample, the prevalence of installmeni
buying, which, in mortgaging the
f,,k 1. 1
receipts OF the future. And, more i'm
portant, one must mention speculation
which increased the general purchasing
power, even though the profits in
reality were fictitious. Without the
election of Mr.. Hoover at the end OF
! 1928, which Unmatched this orgy OF
speculation, the depression would have
declared itself sooner.
Loewenstein Fall Significant.
The fall Of Loewenstein from his air
symbolic date
Today all the fictitious part of the
purchasing power Of buyers of the
world has vanished. The fall of farm
product prices, more accumulated than
that Of manufactured goods, seriously
diminished the capacity for absorption
OF those countries that live of the
land. The soporific effect Of credits
and the increase of values no longer
suf1ced to revive them. Thus the ex-
cessive and artificial extension of their
machinery and equipment in the in
dustrial countries, passionately in
creased since the war, appears in a
crude light
A painful contraction is therefore
necessary and it will conform to the
law OF the survival of the fittest: and
with this in view Europe, we'll prepared
! by her long supremacy, should justify
her right to live in the presence OF
young rivals who pretend to usurp her
place; it is chapter in the revolt OF
young industrial continents against
those of the old.
The incubation period of this de-
preston was very long: it would per-
haps be imprudent to hope. in spite
OF encouraging signs. that it can be
cured too quickly.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-10-11
Continued From First Page

been partially taken care of elsewhere;
therefore Europe overreached and much
more was made than had been lost.
War Created Extravaganza
The war accustomed people to spend
ing foolishly large amounts of money
to carry 1t on; far from being an edu-
cation in restriction, the war led people
to waste. The general trend toward
democracy accentuated this tendency;
after so much suffering and so many
dangers, the masses of the people
quite naturally desired to profit at once
and lead happier life without wait-
ing, as In the past for the gradual de-
velopment Of the hypothetical promises
OF better world. AS many countries
were living on their capital. the gen.
eral impression was one of superabund-
ance. The atmosphere OF expansion
dominated the entire period immediate
ly following the war, and this developed
under the urge Of imitation.
Imitation furnished the means for
spending without thought formidable
sums which seemed fantastic even be-
fore experience proved that they did
not really exist
Ruined countries expanded through
the imitation of paper, and rich coun-
tries through the imitation of gold, but
both OF them developed simultaneously
an unhealthy purchasing power. The
crisis of 1921. which was quickly regu-
lated before reconstruction took place,
obscured the fever of imitation and
produced only q partial return to nor
NAL, allowing wartime financial meth
DDS to continue-and in spite Of every
thing prices remained at too high a
level. Every one believed the war had
been liquidated, when actually it had
not been: 1t is only now-10 years
afterward-that liquidation Is really in
the process of being finally effected.
Initiation Stemmed.
A moment did arrive, however. when
imitation was stemmed and then ar
rested-in short. there was a definite
turning point. Between 1914 and 1880
all or nearly all the powers returned
to normal monetary regime-Eng-
land in 1925, France in 1928. The re-
turn Of the pound to dollar par in
1928, parity that has just been aban-
doned, without doubt marked the de-
ciSive moment. The spirit OF imitation
ceased to dominate, though 1t still sur
vived a long time in a number Of
countries.
1t was at about this period that we
began TO notice the tendency which had
existed for some time, as mentioned
ABOVE, winch leu 10 Lne persistent low
ering OF values; an adentitious and
transient smoke screen furnished and
this tendency came to light. The re-
birth and prosperity in the United
States about 1925 was not accompanied
by an augmentation Of prices. which /
remember Astonished me very much
for I was in America at that time.
Since then, II one studies the curve
Of wholesale prices over a long period
one easily sees them constantly moving
toward reduction-a phenomenon
which would have seemed impossible
at the end of the war Today some
products are even below the current
prices Of 1914.
The tendency Of gold to recover its
former purchasing power, which It had
largely lost IN 1920, at this time seems
irresistible. 1t is like a strong ebb tide
which draws down the price.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-10-11

maximum rate of interest. OF course,
the proprietor made money when cot
ton was high-lotS of money, but this
went back into clearing more land
and planting more cotton.
His tenants neglected even to raise
enough hay to feed the stock used in
tilling the cotton fields, and during
the Winter the mules ate hay pur-
chased from a neighbor. There were
no COWS or chickens, and consequently
no milk. except canned cream for
coffee from the commissary. Vege-
tables were almost unknown on the
plantation, and the Negroes subsisted
chiefly on cornbread and fat sides of
pork, also bought at the farm store.
Every poor cotton year-and there
have been many in the last 20 years
In the cotton country--the bank took
e. piece of the land. Last year saw
the last piece pass from the family.
The tenants came into the neighboring
town of Lewisville to get few clothes
and a little garden seed from the Red
and their families until Spring and
turnip time. The plantation owner
himself saved enough from the
catastrophe to buy few acres of hill
land and three or four Jersey cows.
Now he is milking the cows, raising
enough feed for them and their off,
spring and selling the milk to the
rtownspeople. The surplus he sells as
butter fat to a neighboring creamery,
and he says he makes more real money
than he ever did raising cotton. He
has garden now; as have his erst-
while tenants. The farm has been
divided up by the local bank and sold,
mainly to the tenants, but the mort
gage in each case specifies that only
certain percentage of the land Is to
be planted in cotton. The rest must
go for sustenance
calculate that the drought, although
it has caused untold suffering among
the farmers, is really a blessing in
disguise, and so it is really working
out; They are having chance this
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-10-11

pupils have learned, and the effects of
the expensive lesson are everywhere
apparent.
Perhaps the most far-reaching effect
of the thing Is the beginning Of the
dissolution of the tenantry system,
long the curse of the South.
There seems to be no other way out.
Corporate farming will not work in the
cotton country The land is not rich
enough, and the terrain is too irregu-
lar. The plant cannot be cultivated by
machinery to any great extent. That Is,
there has never been any satisfactory
means invented for chopping cotton to
replace the familiar advancing line OF
Negro cotton choppers. Cotton picking
machines may work we'll in west Texas
where the staple Is dry and comes
easily out of the boil, but the soggy
cotton Of the Mid-South does not yield
to such treatment.
Labor Is cheap, so cheap that last
Summer cotton field hands made rs
cents @ day and, for the most part,
were glad to get 1t. But 1t Is q labor
| that is little accustomed to machinery
although 1t has been for generations
accustomed to manipulating the most
exasperating of all farm machines
the cotton field mule. Tractors and
cultivators, however, are something
else again.
AS the Southern farmer "kicks over
the traces" against the tenantry sys-
TEN, there are likely to be improve
ments along other lines as well. May
be there will be better public health
and educational facilities. Perhaps the
town and country" feeling will dis
appear when the farmer learns that all
"city slickerS" do not mean him harm.
At least one thing is certain. They
won't be hungry down in Arkansas
this Winter, and they are already max
ing preparations not to be hungry next
Winter. There Is comfortable feel
ing abroad in the land. "Potlikker
prosperity" has taken hold with a VEN
geance. 1t Is extremely unlikely that
the populace as q whole would Ike the
old days of AL cotton and no corn" to
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-10-11

and that We have got cur sense of
values lop-sided.
Once, asked if he believed in personal
immortality, he said that he most GER
tainly did, despite the fact that no
scientific evidence for the belief ex-
listed, and that science had nothing
really to say about it one way or the
other. But it seemed to him that both
philosophy and intuition were in favor
OF the doctrine of the Immortality Of
the soul: and theory that conflicts
with intuition or common sense has not
much real power. He illustrated by a
personal experience:
When he was student he thought
that science involved determlnism, and
he could see no answer to the scientific
arguments. In fact, he forced himself
to believe in determinism-or, ct any
! rate, he tried to.
But his common sense rebelled
against the theory. Although it seemed
unansWerable he could not help feeling
that 1t was all nonsense. 1t so outraged
his common sense that he really could
not believe 1t.
THUS" he concluded, common
sense saved meas it so often does
save people" And he went on to OBJ
serve that nowadays the doctrine of
determinism has not the force it used
to have, and through the fundamental
ideas OF physics itself it seems quite
untenable. Peoples minds have been
liberated by new ideas-the notion OF
the fourth dimension, for example, and
the widespread interest in spiritualism
ideas which have revolutionized the
mind and made an entirely new outlook
possible.
His fundamental ideas about taxa
ton and debt redemption are inevits Ely
affected by his conviction that the M
dividual life has rights of its OVID.
He does not agree with the notion that
mans whole purpose is to serve the
next generation-that is, TO find the
meaning of life in a goal which per-
petually recedes. I'VE ought not to
be content with purely personal de-
velopment," he says Each individ-
uaIs life Is partly means to an end
and partly an end in itself"
Appraises Eugenics.
His studies of mankind, his ironical
sense of the follies of individuals and
OF the conglomerate masses of men who
comprise sovereign states have moved
MN to think about the schemes CT eu-
genicS to bring about a better future
race by selective breeding His sturdy
common sense plays like a searchlight
over the whole possibility-takes it up,
looks at 1t searchingly from all angles
for penetrating instant and drops it
with laconic yet entirely adequate
comment
"Eugenics is in its infancy. We have
to md cut, first Of all, what human
qualities are desirable before we apply
ways and means Of getting them. The
matter Is very complicated What is in
telligence. for example? There are va
riouS forms of it. And certain moral
qualities are thought desirable by some
people and undesirable by others. Is
humanitsrisnism desirable for example?
Might it not be better for the long run
bi-logically II We made ourselves hard