davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-10-27
Says Troops Must Remain in
Manchuria to Protect
Its Nationals.
REASSERTS WILLINGNESS
TO OPEN NEGOTIATIONS
Suggestion of SEE for Arbitration
Treaty Between Nations Is
Welcomed in Principle.
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
TOXIC, October 27.--with her grip
extended from Manchuria into Mon
golia, japan explained today to the
capitals of the world why she considers
as not binding the League of Nations
formula for settlement of the Sino-
Japanese dispute calling for evacuation
of Chinese territory by Japanese troops
by November Is.
Japan feels the urgent need at the
present moment is cooperation of the
two countries" said a statement cabled
to various nations, and her willing
ness remains unaltered and undated
to open negotiations with the Chinese
government"
The statement reiterated Japan's con-
tention that the whole Manchurian
affairs was occasioned by a violent and
provocative attack by the Chinese Army
on the South Manchurian railway zone, T"
which is under japanese treaty con-
troll.
Armed Pressure Denied Aim.
Certain small contingents Of Jap
anese soldiers still remaining outside
that zone are insistently demanded by
the danger to which large population
of Japanese in that region are exposed, !"
the statement continues. THE presence
of such limited number of troops Is
quite incapable of being represented
as q means of debating to China
Japan's terms for the settlement Of
the present difficulties"
The statement emphasized that
nothing is farther from the thoughts
of Japan than to bring armed pressure
to bear in the course Of the proposed
negotiations.
Japan directed attention to the five
fundamental principles the government
advanced as a basis for the negotia-
tons.
Six Reported Slain Near Taonan.
Japan extended her grip into Mon
golia, when Chinese bandits we're re-
ported to have attacked stations and
trains on the Supingkai-C henchiatun-
Taonan railway, which was built with
japanese funds.
Gen. Shieero HOMO, commander in
chief of japanese forces in Manchuria,
said japanese Army authorities sent a
detachment" of the second division
from Changchun to do guard duty. at
various stations.
A Mukden dispatch to Toxic said
Japanese and Chinese were killed by
Chinese near Taonan.
Ofhcial circles here welcomed Sin
principle" the suggestion of DR.. Alfred
SEE, Chinese spokesman, made to AriS-
tide BRAND, chairman OF the League
of Nations Council, for an arbitration
(Continued on Page q, Column So
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-10-27

The mansion at 2437 Fifteenth street,
which the late Mrs. Mary F. Henderson
sought TO give to the Government as a
home for the Vice President, VII be
occupied by the Brazilian embassy,
when necessary repairs are made, it
was learned today. Justice Jesse G. Ad-
kinS of the District Supreme Court has
authorized Harry Lee Rust and Ralph
B Fleharty, collectors or the Henderson
estate. to execute lease for three years
for the property to r. deLinma Silva,
Ambassador of Brazil
The rental of the property is fixed at
$4,000 for the first year. $4,000 for
each of the other two years. The coll
lectors are allowed to spend 5000 in
making repairs.
The present Nicaraguan legation. at
2401 Fifteenth street, Is to be leased to
Y. Azodi. charge d'affaires of the Per-
sian government Justice Adkins has
also ordered the collectors to make this
lease, which Is to be only for one year.
from November I, with option Of re-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-10-27
Hoover Is Informed
OF Nearly Universal
Credit Plan Support
Minimum Subscription to
Be Available This
Week.


President Hoover has been informed
that his $500 900 900 National Credit
Corporation plan is receiving almost
universal support in the banking world
and that at least the minimum sub
scription viii be available before the end
Of this week
The Chief Executive was said authori-
tztively today to have been informed
that the credit extension plan already
has been restoring confidence, as well
as lending specific aid in some quarters.
Mr. Hoover met Saturday night and
Sunday morning. during the MIDST Of
the visit of Premier Laval of France.
with George Reynolds Of Chicago,
chairman Of the board OF the corpora
ton. and Mortimer N. Buckner Of New
York. its president.
They reported that the necessary as
sociations are being organized rapidly.
The President was informed that an
Iowa State association. comprising most
Of the banks within the State, has been
developed.
Mr.. Hoover believes this example has
been or will be followed in many States
in which central clearing house associa-
tons are not available
With the completion of subscriptions
by the end Of the week. the Chief Ex-
ecutive feels the National Credit Cor
poration can launch out on an extern
sive scale to aid specific banks.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-10-27
Action Without Economic
Stability Would Mean
Disaster, He Says.
DISCUSSES PROPOSAL
At SESSION OF CABINET
Secretary Hurley Reports on His
Recent Survey Of
Islands.

By the Associated Press.
President Hoover said today that i'm
mediate independence for the Philip
pines without assured economic stability
would lead to disaster in the islands.
The President declared the govern
ment must be assured Of stability before
independence could be granted.
He added the matter was discussed
at length at the cabinet meeting but
no conclusions al to policy had been
reached. Independence at some time
or other, directly or indirectly has been
promised the Islands by every Presi-
dent and Congress since the United
States took charge OF the Islands.
THE problem is one of time" the
President said, adding it was in the
interest of the Philippine people that
their independence be assured of sta
bility.
The President expressed his views at
the regular Tuesday noon meeting with
newspaper correspondents. Only short
time before he had sat at the head
of the huge cabinet table in a room
nearby going into the question with
his heads of departments.
Secretary Hurley at that session gave
resume of the visit to the Philippines
from which he haSajust returned. He
let be known he had begun drafting
an official report to Mr.. Hoover and
will discuss the matter also in his an
nual report.
While Mr.. Hurley is withholding any
statement as to his conclusions, pend
ing the report to the White House, it
is certain he win oppose granting inde-
pendence at least until important eco
nomic adjustments are made in the
islands.
Those he has in mind bear largely
on trade relations between the islands
and the United States.
Meanwhile, those favoring independ-
ence in Congress are going ahead with
plans to press that issue at every chance
The strength of that sentiment is not
minimized.
Transcript Of Statement.
A stcnographic transcript of the
Presidents statement follows:
''On Secretary HurleyNs return. at
the cabinet meeting today, we discussed
the Philippine question at considerable
length. We have explored the subject,
but formulated no conclusive policies
ir the matter. These discussions will
be continued.
Independence of the Philippines at
some time has been directly or indi-
rectly promised by every President and
by the Congress. In accordance with
the undertaking, the problem is one
of time.
In the interest of the Philippine
people the time element involves the
necessity that independence must be
assured of stability For instance, the
economic independence of the Philip
pines must be obtained before political
independence can be successful.
independence tomorrow without
their economic stability will result in
the collapse of the Philippine revenues
and collapse of all economic life in the
islands. We propose to give further
consideration to the whole question in
the immediate future"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-10-27
DAWSON ESCAPES
IN LANDING MISHAP
Gear Buckles as Lieut.. Quesada
Brings Plane Down at
Mitchell Field.
BY the Associated Press.

By the ASSOCIATED Press.
mitchell FIELD, n. Y, October 27
Assistant Secretary of War F. Trubee
Dawson, in charge of aeronautics. mar
rowly escaped injury today when the
landing gear of an Army plane buckled
as the ship landed.
Dawson had flown from Boiling
Field, Washington, as a passenger with
Lieut. Quesada.
Men on the field rushed over just as
the plane tipped over on its wing, but
Dawson and the pilot we're able to
jump out without assistance. Neither
had been injured. After a breathing
spell they ordered another Army plane
brought from the hangar and proceeded
to North Beach Airport.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-10-27
WINS 7-YEAR FIGHT
American Member of French lie
gion Gets Paris Home.

PARIS, October 81 QP.-Paul A.
Rockwell, American World War veteran
OF Asheville, n. C. won a Seven-year
fight to obtain possession of house he
had purchased here, when the tenants
moved out today rather than continue
legal efforts 10 fight the case.
Rockwell one of the original Ameri-
can volunteers in the Foreign Legion.
fought the case through several courts
to establish the property rights OF
Americans in France. The Court OF
Cessation decided in his favor last July.
reversing three decisions OF lower rent
courts.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-10-27
Judge Knows Farm
Too Well to Take
Prisoners Excuse
BY the Associated Press.
nAnENHnMn InH

by Lrle ASSOCldlGQ EIGSSs
HAMMOND, Ind, October 81.
Judge v. S. Reiter has presided
over the Lake County Superior
Court bench for IS years, but he
learned the fundamentals of
farming on a farm near Roches-
ter.
That is why william Fox's ex-
cuSe was not good enough.
Arrested on bench warrant,
because he failed to appear in a
divorce hearing, he testified he
had been stricken with rheuma-
tism while working in a wheat
field June IS.
What we're you doing in
wheat field June 1872" inquired
Judge Reiter.
Harvesting.
mot in Indiana" the Judge
replied. That's three weeks
early for harvest here. Jail for
you"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-10-27
SPANISH REBEL ESCAPES
Frances Mechanic, Linked to Re
volt at Airdrome, Is Sought.

SEVILLE, Spain. october 81 CPl.-
Paelo Rada, Mai. Ramon FRANCOIS me-
chanic, who was accused of completely
IN the Tablada Airdrome revolt last
Summer, escaped from jail today. Au-
thoritieS asked Portuguese border
guards TO be on the watch for him.
Search was conducted at Tablada
and surrounding towns. 1t Is believed
he had accomplices inside and out OF
the iail
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-10-27
W0MAN'S FIVE-DAY COMA
BATTLES PHYSICIANS
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press
EASTON, Nd, October 2T.-Physi-
clans here today admitted they were
baf1ied by the coma in which Mrs. o. T.
Fairbanks has been for five days.
Mrs. Fairbanks was found unconscious
in her home last Thursday by two
friends who called to accompany her TO
club meeting. She was lying on her
bed, fully clothed, and there were no
marks to indicate violence
Physicians have been in constant at
tendance, but have been unable to re-
vive the woman.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-10-27
SHIP C0LLI0ES AND SINKS
Freighter Rams Scow-l5 Men in
Crew Are Rescued.

NEW YORK, October - (Pt.-The
f40-foot sound fTeighter City OF SIAM
ford collided with a Scow OF Welfare
Island this morning and sank IN the
East River.
The crew Of Is men were taken of
shn sinking freiRhter by river craft.
T,,.cre were no passengers.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-10-27
Cuban Woman Dies at 1875.

SANTIAGO DE CUBA, October 81
P).-Dolores Mesa, believed to have
been the oldest woman in Cuba, died
today. She was said to be 1876 years
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-10-27

Radio Programs on Page c-S
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-10-27
Committee Would Convene.

Continued on Page 5, Column II
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-10-27

CONTINUED on Page 2, Column -
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-10-27

CONTINUED on Page 2, Column 50
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-10-27

(CoIftinued on Page 2, Column ~
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-10-27

&C wsafhsr Rafeaa Fessfasih
Glossy Ufth showers late tonight ~
tumurruw warmer tonight COOLER To-
morrow.
Temperatures Highest 90 a. pm
YESTERDAY lowest. a. 81 q 30 an. today.
Pun report on page
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1931-03-06
Korean Lespedeza Best
SOWn in Early Spring

Korean lespedeza is best sown in
the spring during late March or early
April. It may be sown with oats i'm
mediately after the seed grain has
been covered, or 10 days to two weeks
later, after the grain crop is up. The
time Of seeding on wheat may we'll be
delayed until April, after the danger
Of severe freezes is past. Seedlings
should be made, however, before the
ground has dried out and while the
surface soil is alternately freezing by
night and thawing by day. If the SOW
ing is later the wheat ground should
be narrowed before the lespedeza seed
is put in.
Korean lespedeza establishes itself
more quickly where the ground is firm
and well packed. For that reason it
is more likely to succeed and make
larger growth the first season If sown
on wheat rather than with oats. The
seGd is not difficult to SOW and may
be distributed by grass-clover seed
er, by wheelbarrow seeder, or by
grass-clover attachment on grain
drill.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1931-03-06
Mushroom Diseases
and Their Control
Bubbles and PLASTER Mold
Cause Of Big Loss.

prepared by the United States Department
Of Agriculture -WNU Service.
Two diseases Of mushrooms, known
as bubbles" and plaster mold" are
responsible for great losses to mush-
room growers, say Vera K. Charles
and c. H. Popen6e in Circular 27-C,
Some Mushroom Diseases and Their
Carriers" recently issued in revised
form by the United States Department
Of Agriculture.
Bubbles" probably the disease of
greatest Importance to the industry,
deforms the plants from the beginning
of growth. 1t is caused by a fungus
which at first covers the plants with
a cottony growth and later disappears,
after which the mushrooms soften and
rot. The fungus works its way into
the wood of the mushroom bed and
lives there from year to year unless
killed by fumigation. For control,
the infected manure must be removed,
the beds and house must be fumigated
with sulphur or formaldehyde, and
care and sanitary measures must be
exercised to prevent workmen or In
sects from carrying the fungous spores
to an uninfected bed or house.
'Plaster mold does not attack the
mushroom directly. but the disease is
caused by a fungus that runs through
the manure and prevents or delays de-
velopment of the spawn. The plaster
mold appears on the surface and sides
Of the bed as white patches which may
be seen when the boards are raised.
When mature the fungus is
coated with powdery spores that sep
arate and are carried readily to
wind or insects. These are likely to
spread the diseases Plaster mold has
been serious in recent years. 1t re-
duces mushroom yields and frequently
causes complete failure of the crop.
Mushroom flies and other insects
common in mushroom houses distribute
the. disease spores. They can be con-
trolled with pyrethrum nicotine, or
hydrocyanic acid gas.
AS sanitation measures, infected
manure should be moved to safe dis
lance from the mushroom house and
manure used for replacement should
come from place free from contain
ination. Manure never should be piled
close to the mushroom house.
Circular &c may be obtained from
the Office of information, United
States Department Of Agriculture,
Washington, D. G.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1931-03-06
Prune Young Trees for
More Profitable Yields

Although butchering young apple
trees with the pruning shears is a
poor practice, the training of perma-
nent trees so that they will develop
into vigorous, strong trees capable Of
carrying their crops is an essential
part of profitable orchard manage
ment, declares F. Fl. Beach, extension
specialist in horticulture at Ohio State
university.
While the unpruned young tree will
grow more rapidly, have the greatest
size for it's age, and come into bear
ing earlier than heavily pruned trees,
he says, it does not follow that train
ing the trees with the help Of the
pruning shears should be overlooked.
Light pruning that aids in developing
the modified leader type Of tree and
that prevents splitting from weak
crotches is highly desirable.
The modified leader type of tree,
Beach points out, is secured by allow
ing one central branch to continue
through the lower part of the tree.
Other branches from which the scat
fold branches may be developed will
grow from the central branches at
different heights and positions. In
this way it is fairly easy to prevent
crowded heads and weak crotches.
It is best. he states, to allow the
lowest limb to grow on the southwest
side of the tree so as to prevent sun
scald injury. Relatively light prun-
ing may also be given this side Of the
tree.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1931-03-06
Would Eliminate
Black Currants
Cultivated Plants Threaten
to Destroy White
Pine Forests.

prepared by the United States Department
of Agricuiture)-wNU Service.
Because of the relatively small val
ne of cultivated black currants in this
country and the role of these plants
in the spread of white-pine blister rust,
a disease which threatens to destroy
our white-pine forests, United States
Department of Agriculture recon-
mends that farmers and nurserymen
and the public generally discontinue
growing these currants in regions
where white pines grow.
Carriers of Blister Rust.
In its fight to save the white-pine
forests of the country, the department
recognizes other varieties of currants
and gooseberries as potential carriers
of the blister rust disease, but the
cultivated black currant, sometimes
known as the English black currant,
is by far the most susceptible to the
rust. This variety is responsible for
spread of the disease over long dis
tances, department specialists declare.
Compared to cultivated black cur
rants, other species Of currants and
gooseberries are relatively resistant to
blister rust, the department says.
However, in the course Of season
the disease may spread from the orig
inal black currant center, to any type
Of currant or gooseberry. This is
caused by successive cycles of the
summer stage Of the rust.
How Disease Is Spread.
Farmers Bulletin 1887, "Currants
and Gooseberries: Their Culture and
Relation to White Pine Blister Rust"
a publication just issued by the de-
partment in revised form, tells how
to grow these plants and explains how
they spread the rust disease. In some
sections currants and gooseberries are
commercial crops, and the department
does not wish to interfere with this
industry any more than is necessary
to protect the white-pine forests, the
bulletin says.
So great is the danger from culti-
waited black currants, however, that
the department is asking state author
tiles, 'nurserymen, and farmers to help
eliminate this plant entirely in the
Pacific, Rocky mountain, Atlantic, APP
palachian, Ohio valley, upper Missis-
sippi valley, and Lakes states.
Copies of Farmers Bulletin 1887
may be obtained free from the Office
oF Tof TYrs orA
ment of Agriculture. Washington, D. c.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1931-03-06
Destroy Scale Insects
Very Early in Spring

There are probably to exceed five
broods Of the San Jose scale per year.
It has been estimated that even with
four broods, single females prog
eny would number 3,216,0S0. 400 in a
season. To figure the progeny in view
of a fifth brood would make the fig
ures ineomprehensible. Thus 1t is
seen that it is very important to de-
stroy the insects before the breeding
season as plant only slightly at
tackled in the spring may be covered,
as well as the fruit, by fall. With
millions of scales with their beaks
thrust into the plant, pumping out
the sap and poisoning the tissues, a
tree will succumb in from one to
three years If the scales are not
checked by spraying, natural condi-
tions or parasites.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1931-03-06
Old Age Fast Removing
MANY Soils From Service

Old age is fast removing many soils
from use in Illinois as nature removes
humans, according to e. A. Norton,
University of Illinois. Nature and
man are both contributors to the
aging of soils, says Norton, and man
is the greater offender as he has re-
moved the protective covering of sod
and allowed the rains to gully the
land. Removing crops continually
from the land has depleted the fer
tility and moisture holding capacity
Good management Of soils prevents
their aging and as in man it preserves
youth. Old age in soils is shown by
gray soils, acidity, well-defined sur
face, subsurface and subsoil and scan
ty supply of plant foods These soil
characteristics compare with gray
hair. lack of activity and conserva-
tism in man.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1931-03-06
Agricultural Notes


Glover or alfalfa sown in the spring
should make cutting Of hay by late
summer.
The celery cabbages are attractive
salad vegetables. They can be grown
at home.
Seldom does the cost of an hour Of
horse labor fall below II cents or ex-
coed 80 cents.
The New Jersey State college finds
that egg plants on highly acid soils
are less likely to be damaged by wilt
than on soils containing lime.
Experiments at the Pennsylvania
State college reveal that heterogeneous
fertilizers should be applied to sod or
chards in the spring soon after the
tips of the branch buds begin to show
gray and before the blossom buds
show pink.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1931-03-06
News Review Of Current
Events the World Over
Congress Passes Veterans Bonus Loan Measure Despite
Hoover and Mellon-Chairm Legge to
Leave the Farm Board.
By EDWARD W. PICKARD.


and William F. Schilling. the dairy
member.
Almost from the day Mr.. Legge took
up his duties as chairman of tine farm
board. he has been the center of at
tack from. political and grain trading
quarters. While he met these on
slaughts with a vigorous defense Of
the board, 1t is conceded that his de-
cision to relinquish his duties with
the government was Influenced by the
violent controversy his policies
aroused.
For almost year Mr.. Legge's serv-
ice has been directed toward stabil-
izing the wheat market. Opposition
arose In Washington and in parts of
the grain belt to the purchasing by
the government of millions of bushels
of surplus wheat to steady the market
and maintain prices.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1931-03-06


recent report on prohibition. Tydings
and some of the dry senators from
the South engaged in acrimonious dis
cussion in the course of which Nor
rison of North Carolina said some
most uncomplimentary things about
Chairman Rascob of the Democratic
national committee.
Next day Senator Wagner of New
York delivered prepared speech call
ing on the Democratic party to lead
the way to prohibition reform and
attacking the President for throw
ing away" the opportunity offered by
the Wickersham report ito lead a
grateful people out of the morass of
criminality. corruption and Hypocrisy
in which we have been begged for
eleven years"
The method Of bringing about i'm
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1931-03-06

OF commerce. Mr.. Stone represents espe-
ciaIly the tobacco interests. Mr.. Legge
will resume the presidency of the In
ternational Harvester company. When
he resigned that Office in July. 1929. to
head the farm board at the urgent re-
quest Of President Hoover, he said he
could not absent himself from the
company for more than one year.
However. the exigencies of the farm
board work have prevented his leav-
ing it before this.
At least three other members of the
board may drop out before long. 1t is
understood They are: g. c. league.
fruit and vegetables representative.
Samuel Il. Mckenzie, wheat member.