davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-09-17
speelal plspatch 70 The star.

Special Dispatch to The Star.
NEW YORK, September II. - The
sale yesterday Of $l0,0Oo.0oo OF Louis
vile & Nashville Railroad Co. 10-year
secured S per cent bonds has sig
nificance that goes beyond the refund
ing feature of the issue.
In the first place, it is distinctive
piece of financing just when the rail-
road bond market Is in state Of UNI
settlement such as has rarely been wit
messed, with institutions and individ-
uals iquidating these bonds up TO the
absorbing capacity of the market. In
the midst of such situation the Louis
vile Sk Nashville, one of the recognized
strong carriers Of the country, has the
courage to ask for public subscriptions
to an issue instead of following the
current practice of going to the banks
and negotiating a loan to carry over the
interval of public fright in railroad
securities.
Belief In Marketability.
In the second place, the management
of the road and its bankers have in
this issue indicated their belief that
the institutions will buy highgrade
railroad obligations even though rail-
road dividends and railroad stocks are
lower than they have been in years
The Louisville g. Nashville is making
the present offering with its dividend
rate the smallest since 1915 and the
price of its stock. under any figure
that has ruled in a long term OF years.
The third aspect of the Offering that
attracted attention was that the char
acter of the loan conceded in some
features with those which marked the
beginning of the turn in railroad credit
in the depression 10 years ago. At
that time majority of the strongest
carriers were also raising new capital
on 10-year secured notes. Most of
these matured in 1880. The difference
between that period and today is that
money rates were higher then and the
borrowers were compelled to issue OBJ
legations carrying coupon rates of 6ta
and per cent. These were sold to
the public mainly at par or at dis
count of l to points. Not only did
the railroads finance in this manner,
but also a number of the leading pub
lie utilities, which were then compelled
to raise funds.
Although the rate demanded by the
bankers in 1921 was the highest that
the corporations had paid in quarter
of century, it was one that attracted
investors and broke the strike against
railroad securities that had prevailed
1t was the beginning of an improve
ment that gradually spread and car
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-09-17
CITIES SERVICE SHOWS
INCREASE IN EARNINGS
" the Associated Press.


NEW YORK., September 17.-Cities
Service Co.'s monthly earnings state
ment showed Improvement over the pre-
ceding month for the second consecu-
tive month.
Gross income for August was $2,44I, =
23l, as compared with S2414088 in
July, and s2,;I67 ,346 in June. The net
available for common stock and re-
serves for August amounted to 1851 ,274
compared with 1921 ,618 in July and
$3.50, 436 in June.
Comparisons with year previously,
however, remain unfavorable. The
August gross OF $2,44l ,281. compared
with s4,69I $50 in August OF last year,
and net for common stock of 1851 ,274,
equal to 68 cents per share on the
average number of shares outstanding,
compares with $3.022 ,629. or S1.46.
Gross for the - months ended Au-
gust 81 was SAB ,700,1 52, against $59,-
100 1856 in the preceding IL months,
and the net for common stock and re-
serves, $2i ,593,673, against 1921 ,929.
Since January is Cities Service
stockholders we're reported TO have in
creased on an average OF 214 day, and
now exceed 485000.
Regular monthly dividends on the
common, preferred and the two prefer
ence issues were announced, payable
November to stockholders Of record
October Is.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-09-17
NEW RAIL BOND ISSUE SHOWS
FAITH OF BANKERS IN MARKET

ried over into 1928 and 1929. when the
roads that had borrowed on a per
cent basis were able TO negotiate loans
at rate Of AZ per cent.
Medium of Financing.
It was not clear to the bankers in
1920 and 1921 how long time would
be required for the effects of the post
war depression to wear or They were
confident that within period Of 10
years conditions would permit the re-
funding Of the high coupon issues at
much lower rate Therefore the
medium of financing was a 10-year note
rather than long-terrn bond. The
same implication is given in today's
financing of the Louisville 81 Nashville
with a note that natures in 194l, but
on a relatively better basis to the bor-
rover than he would have been able
to obtain under the similar conditions
prevailing in the earlier period, and
with the attitude Of the investor no
less bearish than that exhibited, today.
Along with the 616 and per cent
secured notes issued in 1920 and in 1921
were q considerable number of equip
ment trust certificates. carrying the
same rates of interest as the notes but
running for IS years. The Louisville
Sc Nashville was borrower at that
time on its equipment at 81 per cent
with the final maturity of 1896. Many
of these equipment trust issues have
since sold at premiums Of 10 to ~
points over par.
To-day, with all of the pressure on
railroad securities and the unreason-
able panic among holders of railroad
mortgage bonds. the market for these
high-grede equipments has made prac-
tically 10 concession TO the general
point of view The only weakness In
equipment issues has been in those of
roads that have been compelled to pass
their dividends and whose junior bonds
have dropped down into price areas
similar to those held by some of the
South American obligations.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-09-17
NEW SECURITIES.

NEW YORK, September II R.-
New securities offered today include the
following:
Five million dollars Metropolitan Edi-
son Cooperation per cent bonds price
at par by syndicate headed by Chase
Harris Forbes Corporation and N. w
Harris Co.
Two million dollars Of Seattle. Wash.
D per cent light and power bonds priceo
az par by Q. w. McNear g. Co. anc
Richard g. Blum.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-09-17
por,ATo MARKET.

CHICAGO. September II (H1 Omitted
States Department OF Agricultural -
Potatoes so cars, on track. 2l3 cars:
total United fstiates shipments. 682 cars:
slightly weaker, trading rather slow;
sacked, per hlndredwetght. Wisconsin
cobblers, 90sE1.D 90. few fancy higher;
poor or deeaYesa, 60aSo; Idaho russets,
No. /, ise0alsD; few higher: No. 2,
1.25ai.S0; Wyoming Triumphs, l.loaI As.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-09-17


as IA Kansas City Southn.
24ss 1Oh Kayser Cd & Co (1).
3h lsS Kelly-Spring Tire. :.
rs 9M Kelly-Spr T SO pr.
29M 5M Kelsey-Hayes Wheel
15h ia Kelvinator Corp. 80.
go 20 Kendall Co pf Co.,.
3Ih IL Kennecott Copper(1)
20h 1OM Kinney &c R) Co. -.
So Az Kresge Dept stores
29s< 25 Kresge Is 50 (1.6O)..
b5 80 Kress (SH) Co DID,.
27N 1IM Kreuger & Toll 1.6D.
35M 18 Kroger Grocery Cd.
g77I So Lambert Co (8).....1
AZ 2M Lee Rubber g. Tire.
ga az Lehigh Valley Coal.
al "a Lehigh Valley II r. 81
6qm AKA Lehman Corp (3)....
84M 22ss Lehn C Fink a.
aox 9N Libbey Owens Glass.
af BpM Ltggett & Myers(t5)
. SlN 60ss Ligg & Myers d tIsl
i46 137is Ligg & Myers pr (D'
aAx 17M Lima Locomot (m2).
a. % Link Belt (1.60).
66K 10 Liquid Carbonlc (S)~
eau 1874 Loew's Inc fsl .t...'
% SO Loew's Inc pr (6h).'
81 2N Loft Inc. .....:...::e
Il Long Bell LumbtA).
b45k A0sh Loose-Wtles BIS tS)S
2iN l1ss Lorrillard tP) Co.."
Az 2 Louisiana OIL. ......
35k rs Lou Gas&El A uk.
10 ga Ludlum Steel.
rs 1874 McAnd & Forbes CD.
3e 23 Mccall Corp ON D"
glM 81 McCrory Strs A l2)..
26M 1914 Mcintyre Pore MOD
I03M SEA McKeesport 4 p 90.
IL IN McKessoD & Robt1).
1OM 3a4 Mcclellan Stores.....
l3R 2lh MackTrucks co.:
1861 66M Macy { RHl& Cotns).
:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-09-17

CONTINUED on Page 40
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-09-17
NEW YORK STOCK EXCHANGE
BY rAvasw once


Stocks sold IN 10o-shars lots except those
r-i931- Stock and Sales
Hinn Lew nIVidnnn Raka AAd %
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-05-15
Seven Deadly Roadside Sins
Modern Highway No Longer Just Hardened Surface,
 Says N E. Council Member

< 6. Signs so placed that they ought to resign. Resignation called for. accepted with pleasure. and di- plomas summa cum laude granted.
 q. Gaunt vacant uninteresting barren ctretches of roadside. Here entertaining pictures should be .cre- ated with trees and shrubs and nows CTS and ferns. i'fg
 The day when llard-surfaced road constituted a modern highway, Is gene, according to James P. Tay- Tor, secretary of the Vermont State Chamber of Commerce and of the, New England Councils Cooperating Committee on Highway Beautifica- tion.s ,;3 :, sI. ~ % Ss.'
 The modern highway is a hard sur faced road intentionally improved, on both sides by the planting of trees and flowers and the covering of raw slopes, he declares, ;citing Instances of action in other parts of the icoun- try ~ -$ FrS " fs sFNs. @4
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-05-15

I He points out that the beautifca- ton of the 'roadsides has already be- come a nationwide movemept.
 { To sum up what roadside beautifi- cation Is all about, Mir Taylor has phrased what he calls the Seven Deadly Roadside Sins" They are as follows:
 l, Dead trees and lifeless branches. g
 2. Drunken tipsy fence posts. Like drunken men, they make one forget everything and everybody else.
 i 3. No Mans Land triangles at highway intersections. They should be made gardens of greeting, tiny shrub forests of friendship. ! 4. Raw slopes whose substance spills and fills the ditches. Shoul- ders that waters waste away. Both should be anchored in place by yeger-, tation.
 ], .i5. Mechanical cadavers. Grave yards of autos wrecked, abandoned, forsaken. M sS# s8
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-05-15

unfortunately, and M. Briand will not be there
 And this brings us to the chief obstacle to better world-France.. If Europe goes down in the next five years the responsibility and guilt of France will be greater than those of any other country. Rotten with gold, still the victims of a psy- French seem bent upon throwing themselves in front of every move- ment that makes for the peace of Europe, excepting always Briand's adoption for plan for a United States of Europe"
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-05-15
NO AIR ACRoBATs

Washington. .--The greatest offend- CTS of aviation regulations are the acrobatic pilots, according to the aeronautics branch of the depart ment of commerce. During the first quarter of 1891. 313 violators were dealt with by the department. There were 60 violations of the acrobatic provisions and 40 of the low flying clause of air regulations.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-05-15
TOO GOOD FOR HIM

Los Angeles = Found the wife who is too good for her husband. She's the. wife of Fritz Abbenseth. and she was so good that Fritz thought he ought to have a divorce on those grounds. Fritz told the judge that she insisted that he, EeiSy, didn't pray enough. She left religious mottoes and notes under his plate and on chairs around the
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-05-15
INCREASED AIR SPEED

Somerset, N. J.--william Parker Perry claims to have an invention, simple in construction. which will greatly increase the speed of air planes. He has mounted small vanes on the front of the propeller hub. These vanes, he says. create a partial vacuum in front of the plane. decreasing wind resistance and in- creasing speed.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-05-15
NOT HARD WORK

"Tom tells me he's working for all he's worth just now" said the fond aunt.
 'well, I suppose that's his way of saving he's only earning five dollars a week." returned his cynical un- cle.-Answers.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-05-15
ITs AGREED

"But I am SO unworthy of you, dear" he murmured. M
 "Oh, Fred" she sighed. If you and father only agreed on every other question al you do on that, how happy we should be!''-An-
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-05-15
Europe RecoDering From Post War -.
 Illness Despite World Wide Slump

EDITOR's NOTE: This is the fourth Of series of five stories which Elft and summarize the thought of world business leaders and facts about the depressiOrB as brought out at the recent Interxa- taOnal Chamber of Commerce. meet 1ng at Washington.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-07-10

CBy The Associated PresS)
Only n change occurred Thurs
day in the second half Texas league
pennant race. The Dallas Steers,
by defeating Shreveport, passed the
Fort Worth Cats, and went into
fifth place when the Cats lost TO
wichita Falls IN the only afternoon
game.
And how the Cats lost. The Spud-
ders Slugged Bednar and Terry,
regular Fort Worth pitchers. and
Gribble, outfielder and pitcher,
for IL hits and a Is TO 2 decision.
Gribble trailed Bednar and Terry
to the mound, and his pitching
wasn't SO effective. the Spudders
getting to him for four hits and
four runs in the seventh. Pressnell.
went the route for wichita Falls.
allowing 8 hits but coasting in,
thanks 10 his mates wild rampage
OF hitting and base running. Larry
Cox. Fort Worth rightfielder, hit a
home run.
Grady Adkins pitched the Dallas
Steers into fifth place Thursday
night when he turned IN a six hit
game for a 4 to 3 verdict. Adkins
was opposed by Abe Miller. and in
matter OF hits. the Shreveport
pitcher had the advantage, limiting
the herdsnen 10 five wallc9s.
Shreveport committed six errors.
some OF the miscues aiding Dallas
scoring punch. Both clubs had sew
en- runners stranded on bases for
lack OF timely hitting. Through
Thursday night, Adkins has won
six and lost II games this season.
The Houston Buffaloes won their
ninth consecutive game Thursday
night. defeating San Antonio 8 TO
5. The veteran Tom Estell tried to
halt the Buffaloes stampede
through the second half race, and
although Tom lost the decision he
held the Bluffs 20 nine hits and
really out-pitched Fowler and
Hanson OF Houston. The Indians
finished the game with five err
rorS while Houston miscued three
times. The Indians shelled Fowler
from the mound IN the seventh.
Hanson cot credit for the win.
giving him eight victories and four
defeats this season.
The Beaumont Exporters refuse
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-07-10
TEXAN NEAR
TENNIS TITLE
Barnes-R exinger Match Is
Stopped BY Rain
AT Chicago

CHICAGO July 10. -tPl- Bruce
Barnes OF Austin. Tex. and Scott
Rexinger. Big Ten champion from
Chicago. had an important bit OF
unfinished business 10 settle In the
Illinois State Tennis tournament
today.
The two were In the midst az a
great duel In the Quarter-final
match or the mems senior singles
fight yesterday when a heavy rain
and hail storm stopped them. The
score stood III set each when the
interruption came and the tally
6-5 in favor Of Barnes in the de-
cidiiI set. Barnes. seeded number
one IN the tournament and the big
favorite 70 win the crown. had al
he could handle IN the Big Ten
champion.
Because OF the rain storm only
one match OF the quarter finals
was completed yesterday. Doc Barr
CT Dallas. Tex. defeating Ander
Newsome or Wheaton. Ill. 6-2, as
Other quarter-final matches. which
will be played today. we're George
O'ConnelI defending champion
from Chicago. and Karl Klamath.
Austin. Tex: Leo Lejeck. Chicago,
and Clayton Burwell. Charlotte. NJ.
a..
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-07-10
San Benito Ball Team Plays
N. Y. Bloomer Girls Monday

SAN BENITO, July i0.--tR-The
Valley Box and Crate Factory nine
will take their final workout tomor-
row prior to meeting the New York
Bloomer Girls baseball team, re-
cognized as the United States
champion girls team. here at the
San Benito ball park Monday after
noon at 400 o'clock.
The New Workers are on a tour
OF the southwest and the game with
the Cratemakers will be the only
game they will play in this end OF
the Valley. They have played some
OF the best amateur and semi-pro
CLUBS In the state, and a few weeks
ago We're noSed out BY the strong
Mopac nine OF Kingsville. The Wis
itors will be an all star nine and
BOAST Of a brace Of players in Ethel
Condor, Babe McCuttun. and
Ginger Robinson. Condor Is an
infieider and is said to be able to
perform In excellent style on the
diamond. The heavy stick artist OF
the club is Babe" McCuttun, and
the Crate hurlerS intend watching
the young lady's playing when the
team plays in Rio Grande City the
latter part Of the week, in order to
stop her long string OF extra base
blows.
The Bcxmakers are recognized as
one OF the best amateur mines IN
the Valley and have lost only three
contests IN the IS games they have
Played this season. Manager Salinas
viii use his regular nine in the
Bloomer game and he is confident
that his club will add the big
Town" nine to their string OF VIC
tories.
Lefty" Rodriguez, ace OF the
Crater hurting staff. will start on
the mound for the locals. Bridges
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-07-10

FOREST HILLS. ". Y, July 10.
R-Having waded through two
rounds Of play without the loss CT
4 seeded star. the worlds star ten
mis- professionals were scheduled to
mix II in third round singles matches
today and TO begin play in the
doubles.
Big Bill Tllden. the 3e-year-old
Philadelphian. playing In his first
professional tournament, breezed
through his opening match with
ease. as did Vincent Richards, the
defending champion. Richards ell
minated two opponents. Julius Boise.
and Allen Behr. with the loss Of only
one game 10 each. Tilden. who drew
a By in the first round. dropped only
two games in eliminating James
Burns, ST..
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-07-10
MONTY
TO GET TEST
Harrington Amateurs 60 Play
Ladds Sunday
Afternoon

HARLINGEN. July 10. The
Montgomery-ward nine. first half
champions or the Harrington ANA
teur baseball league. win try its
metal against the HarlinEen Ladds.
Valley league club. at Fair Park
AZ 4 p. m. Sunday In AZ exhibition
clash.
Then MOnty-Ward club has many
hackers who believe the mailorder
nine Is about on a par with the pro
feSsional ball paved in tine Valley
league.
Quite a dispute has arisen between
followers w the two mines. Ladd
hackers openly r0ff at the amateur
aggregation. saying y ~ no way
compares with the strong LAdd or
.ganizaticn.
The rivalry. however, r. good nat
ured and IA large crowd is expect
ed 90 be- ON hand for the conflict
between amateurs and professionals.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-07-10
CRITzADORNS
BENCH ALSO
Indy Biffs Out Homer And
Injuries Foot On
Slide
BY GAYLE TALBOT, Jr.,
Associated PreSa SnnrfS Writer

Things are not looking 10 bright
for John McGraw's New York
Giants. despite the fact they have
managed TO cling to second place
In the National league by a few
percentage points. Misfortune has
dealt the Polo Grounders a series
OF body blows lately, just when
the fighting appears to be getting
good.
The latest Jolt to the teams
pennant hopes came yesterday,
when Freddie Lindstrom, who "a
pidly was proving himself Is great
a right fielder as ne "a a third
baseman In other years. broke a
small bone in his left instep while
sliding into third base. Prospects
are he will be out for three weeks
or a month. and his loss will be
keenly felt. Hughie Critz, the clubs
regular second baseman. has been
on the bench for several weeks.
Loss OF the pair robs McGraw of
two OF his steadiest clubbe-s. both
62asting a batting mark OF 800 AZ
Ia averages.
Hits Homer
Before he was carried from she
field Lindstrom had hit a homerun
and a single 70 start the Giants on
their way toward a Q to 3 victory
W. the Pills. Carl Hubbell did
his share BY holding the opposition
to sever hits. The win could not
have come at a better time, as the
boisterous Brooklyn Robins we're
taking the Boston Braves, 6 to 3,
behind watson Clark's fine pitch
ing. The Giants still had q three
point lead over their rivals for
second place today.
notwithstanding their victories.
both clubs lost ground in their
pursuit Of the st. Louis Cardinals.
who racked down on the Cincinnati
Reds twice. 3 10 l and 9 to l..
Burleigh Grimes allowed only six
hits IN the first battle to score his
tenth triumph OF the year, while
the rookie Paul Derringer yielded
only five in the nightcap.
The Pittsburgh Pirates continued
10 be tough on their home grounds.
making II two straight over the
ambitious Chicago Cubs, 4 to 2.
Washington managed TO pick up
a full game on the Athletics by
Strengthening the Boston Red Sox.
IA 10 /. Joe Cronin, brilliant Sem
ator ~shortstop. pounded a pair Of
Boston pitchers for a homerun and
two singles. driving In six runs.
Sam west contributed two singles
and two triples: Myer a homerun
and two singles.
Gomez Wins
Lefty" Gomez, slender Yankee
southpaw, turned in his second
straight victory over the champion
Athletics, allowing Connie Mack'S
sluggers only three hits in the first
seven innings. Lou Gehrig featured
the winners attack with his twen-
tY-first homerun and q double,
driving IN five score
Vic Frasier pitched alright ball
in the pinches to give the Chicago
White Sox a 3 70 0 victory over
the Cleveland Indians. The Detroit
Tigers fell upon three st. Louis
pitchers for Is hits and IN II to Z
triumph.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-07-10
British-U. s. Net
Matches Are Near

PRAGUE. Czechoslovakia. July 10.
oPl-Great Britain's Davis Cup team
today was only II victory remov-
ed from the inter-zone final with
Americas youthful tennis stars.
The British aces, Fl. w. Bunny
Austin and Fred Perry. won both u
the opening singles matches in the
European zone final with Czech
oslovakia yesterday. Austin whipped
Roderick Mcneil after a long
struggle, 3-6. 81. 6-8. 6-3. and
Perry defeated Ladislaus Hecht. 6-I.
SIS. 6-3. A victory In the doubles to-
day automatically would cinch the
series for Great Britain and earn for
them the light to meet the United
States in the interzone finals al
Paris July IL. is and ls.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-07-10

FOREST HILLS. N. T.. July 10.
P-Quarter-f final round play IN the
United States professional tennis
championships today found six
Americans and two foreign entrants
still surviving.
The foreigners were Karel Koze-
huh or Czechoslovakia and Albert
Burke. Irish pro Of a French club
while the American list included the
defending champion. Vincent Rich
ards. Big Bill Tilden. Frank Hunter.
Emmett Pare. Bobby Seller and
Howard Rinsey.
The pairinEs for the uuarter-finals
were TO put Richards against Seller
and Kozeluh AGAINST Hunter N the
lower half OF the draw. and T1lder
against Pare. and Burke against
Kinsey IN the upper.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-07-10
Steers, Spuds, Bluffs And
Exporters Win in Texas

to bulge from their second place.
Thursday night the Exporters
plastered Galveston with a 10 TO 3
licking, scoring eight Of their runs
In the fourth, fifth and sixth in
nings. 1t was a free hitting con-
test. Beaumont securing i3 hts
and Galveston 10. John wyatt. new
addition to the Beaumont pitching
staff, turned in his first victory
since joining the club. Ballew.
Galveston second baseman, hit a
home run.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-07-10
NATIONAL LEAGUE

Thursdays Results
New York Q. Philadelphia 3.
Brooklyn 6. Boston 2.
Pittsburgh (. Chicago 2.
st. Louis SO. Cincinnati IL.
Fridays Games.
kcincinnati a. st. Louis.
Chica1o ~ Pittsburgh.
Ne York az Philadelphia.
Brooklyn at Boston.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-07-10

win on the track, but that re-
CURED no more sagacity than II
takes for a fellow to decide that q
lily is a flower. In the Kentucky
Derby, I was confident that Equi-
poise would bsat Twenty Grand
Then, when Equipoise fell IL, my
sympathies switched u Mate.
I was eve ignorant enough OF
the things that be TO believe Ray
Steele was going 70 toss Jimmy
Londos all the way TO Hoboken
when they wreStled recently.
But. Murray and Hurroo and
Happy Dayl I picked Schmeling-
and ne won't Who0psl
"A monument TO the horses which
served during the war has been
erected in Berlin.