davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-13

Pitting germs against germs Is one
OF the amazing developments in
bacteriology. A viruslike agent
called bacteriophage, which destroys
bacteria, is described by S. Bayne-
Jones in the following article-one
of series on What's Going On In
the World Today" Mr.. Bayne-
Jones says the demonstration of
microbes may in time prove to be as
important to man as the domestica-
ton of the cow"
BY s. BAYNE-JONES,
Professor OF Becteriolozy, School of Medi-
cine, University of Rochester.
Copyright. 1891. by the Associated 2ress)
ROCHESTER, N. Y, June 13-In
comparison with some of the venerable
sciences, bacteriology is a recent de-
velopment. This section Of the science
Of living things is still in its first
century and many men who knew its
founders, Pasteur and Koch, are still
living.
During this time. meteorological
knowledge has been of great practical
value in the diagnosis, cure and control
of disease, in agriculture and in the
industries
The useful as we'll as the harmful
activities of microbes are now taken for
granted by people who formerly re-
garded germs with curiosity or terror.
While a great deal of practical bac-
teriology is applied every day, We know
very little about the real nature and
doings of this invisible population Of
microbes.
A significant recent development is
more intensive study of the bacteria for
themselves. as well as for what may be
done to use them or combat them.
Microbes Hard to Analyze.
There is a large group Of contagious
and destructive diseases of man, ami
mails and plants caused by microbes,
which no one has seen or cultivated
on the broths and jellies used by BAG
teriologistS as culture media. Among
these diseases are smallpox. hydropho-
bia. infantile paralysis. yellow fever,
foot and mouth disease. and mosaic
disease OF tobacco and other plants.
Recently it has been shown that par
rot fever or psittacosis and distemper
of dogs belong in this group. The
agents which cause these diseases are
called filterable viruses. These get their
name from their ability to pass through
the pores of unglaZed porcelain tubes,
which hold back ordinary bacteria.
They are so small that they cannot
be seen with the usual microscope.
great difficulty in deciding whether
the viruses are alive and in finding
out just what they are, Is due to the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-13

Continued From First Page2
fulls for five years" he said. Il met
them about five years ago, but have
not seen them as much as formerly in
the last couple Of years. 1 did see
starr on the Tuesday before she dis
appeared.
"She dropped in at my studio, ap-
parently on an impulse, stayed little
while chatting and then went on"
The artist praised Mrs. Faithful as
a lovely, cultured woman" and her
husband as a gentle person devoted
to the welfare OF his stepdaughters.
Edwards declined to say whether the
names of Megargee and Stoner had
been culled from Miss Faithfull's diary.
Megargee lives with his mother and
sister in BROOKLYN,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-13
ADAMS FORUM TALK
TO DEAL WITH NAVY
Air Program and Operating Plan
to Be Discussed by
Secretary.

Secretary Of the Navy Adams tonight
will discuss details Of the work of his
department in the National Radio
Forum, arranged by The Star and
broadcast over a coast-to-coast network
Of The Columbia Broadcasting System.
His address. which will be heard
locally over Station WMAL from $50 10
o'clock. will deal particularly with
the Nays cir program and the new
operating plan put into effect by Ad-
miral William V. Pratt, chief of naval
operations.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-13
LEONARD HALL TO SPEAK

Managing Editor of Photoplay
Will Address Press Women.
Photoplay Magazine and former dra-
matte editor of the Washington Daily
News, will be honor guest and speaker
at the weekly luncheon of the Women's
National Press Club, to be held at the
Willard Hotel Tuesday. The luncheon
is scheduled for l o'clock in the after
noon.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-13
CANADIAN RIOTS FEARED
5O-Man Detachment Sent to Ed
,,nnntnn &C Prnnanfinn-

monitor as Precaution.
CALGARY, Alberta, June 10 LAo).-A
detachment Of so men of the Lord
Strathccna Horse left Calgary for Ed
monitor last night as a precaution
against serious disturbances being caused
by the unemployed in the Alberta CAPT.
tai.
Premier ]. E Brownlee conferred with
Mayor J. M. Douglas CT Edmonton yes
terday and information received here
said that both the premier and the
mayor feared outbreaks by the unem-
ployed under influence of communistic
elements.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-13
PHONE FILMS SHOWN
Development of Industry Revealed
Before Reciprocity Club.

Motion pictures showing important
phases in development of the telephone
industry were shown Thursday at
meeting Of the Reciprocity Club in the
Willard Hotel
The organizations last meeting Of the
Summer will be held June 26 in the
Mayflower Hotel.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-13
KURDS LOSE HEAVILY
Hundreds of Rebels Slain in Battle
With Persian Troops.

ISTANBUL, Turkey, June 10 P).-
Reports from Bayezid today said hum
dreds of Kurdish rebels had been
killed by Persian regular troops in
heavy fighting along the Turco-Pers IAN
frontier. The Turkish frontier forces
have kept the Kurds out Of that coun-
try, the reports said.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-13

There are many illusions In early
history to phantom armies that have
been heard or seen to be engaged IN
battle.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-13
EMERGENCY DEBTS
AND ARMS FARLEY
PROPOSAL REVIVED

Continued From First Page.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-13
NATIONAL C. OF C.
WILL ATTACK SLUMP
AT SESSIONS HERE

Continued From First Page)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-13
HOOVER CAMPAIGN
TO BE CARRIED ON
ACTIVELY AT ONCE

Continued From First Page.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-13
EASTERN RAILWAYS
0. K. $45O,OOO,OOO
FOUR-SYSTEM PLAN

CONTINUED From First Page)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-13
FIND MISSING COAT
OF FAITHFUL GIRL
IN LONG BEACH SURF

Continued From First Page)
La gaceta., 1931-10-06
CUBA PRoPUso UN CoNyE.
MO

Washington, oct. EN- la
Tercera Conferencia Commercial
~Pan-Americana iniciada aver en-
|esta Capital, estuvieron repre-
sentadas las 81 Republicas de
America, por medio.de unos 500
delegados.
Ell Secretario Stimson do la
bienvenida a los visitantes.
Ell Presidente de Ia Camara
de Concrete de los EStados Uni
dos, Mr.. Elias H. Strawn Y e]
Secretario de Concrete, Mr.. La.
mont, hicieron uso de la pala-
bra.
Ambos diieron que ell probe
ma arancelario era una Cues
ton a Gecidir por cada pals.
Strawn manifesto que la Con
f~erencia no era el lugar nj aho-
ra Ell tempo para discutir los
La gaceta., 1931-10-06

N connection csa la muer-
= Andrew J. Sweat, de 81
IA administrator de an esta.
Miento de MahAtee, al que
.4ron y roRaron a horas a,
Eadas de Ia noche del sabado.
Ea victima Sc diTigia del esta-
'blecimiento a su casa cuando
fue asaltado, q%uitandole los la
drones sos que llevaba en- los
bolsillos~y dandole despues un
fueyA golpe en- Ell crareo.
Sweat murio ell domingo en-
ell Hospital, sin recobrar el CO.
nocimiento.
LIE sobreviven sietc hijos y
~ hermanos.
La gaceta., 1931-10-06
LOS OBREROS
DOS TIENEN UN PLAN
PARA AYUDAR A LOS
SIN TRABAJO

Vancouver, Columbia Inglesa,
oct. Gel plan del trabajo or
ganizado para ayudar a los des-
ocupados, fu6 condensado y he
cho publico hoy. por ell Consejo
Executive, en- los siguientes sic
tie parrafos:
1.-Que ell P~residente Hoover
cite A una cP%nferencia a patro-
nos y obreros con Ell fin de adco-
tar las medidas para la division
de todo el trabajo d~isponible en-
ire los trabajadores.
2.-La Immediate Inaugural
cbn de la semana de cinco dias
Y ia menor cantidad de trabaio
diario en- todas las industries
publicas y privadas.
Bel mantenimientO de los
salaries.
4.-El SECURE obrero, una ga
rantia a los empleados de que es
tan seguros Ell sus p%osiciones.
5.-La prohibition del traba-
jo de la infancia.
6.-La estabilizaci6n de la in
La gaceta., 1931-10-06
aranceles de los Estados Unidos

aranceles de los EStados UnidoS
pero agregc que considerable bt
neficiosa y appropriate las expo
sieioneS que Sc hicieran con res
pecto a los mismoS.
Diciendo que las eXportacio-
mes de los Estados UnidS a Sud
America habian declinaAp IN
40 por ciento durante loA seis
primeros meses del Ante
ano, Strawn anadi6 que go
periodic de adversidad, mas que
nunca, los paises de America de
bian cCa~erar Al mutuo inter
cambio de materials primaS y De
articulos manufacturad0s'.
A propuesta de la Delegation
Guiana todos los paises firma-
ron un convenio para no aumen-
tar los aranceles por un perio-
La gaceta., 1931-10-06
kH3NH
2sSNs1&G
OPORTUNIDAD DE
NEGOCIOS

Sc vende: Tren de lavado
Buen negocio. Pequeno pago
al contado. Informan en- La Ga
ceta.
Deseamos comprar negocioS
estabicidos. Informes en- La Ga
ceta.
La gaceta., 1931-10-06
do de dos amos.

La propia delegation de Cuba
igualmente propuso Sc creara
una organization economical
Pan-Americana para estudiar la
question arancelaria y recomen-
dar eos cambio necesarios.
La gaceta., 1931-10-06
ct 0ECwT1

Idustria con ~eferencia particu-
lar a las industries clasificadas
como de temporadas, de estacio-
mes.
Una estabilizaci6n cienyi-
flea de la production para ba-
laneear ell sobrante I la deman-
da.
La gaceta., 1931-10-06
Ell -~FSRIODIsTA B E
HART SERA CANDIDA,

JrNSusH
Hizser una vista a Tam
pa ell periodista Eberhardt, que
hace meses tuviera I'm ruidoso
incidente con ell gobernador
Carlton.
Preguntado sobre 81 mantle
MIA su candidatura a goberna-
dor del estado, dijo estas pala-
bras: Mi sombrero esta en- 81
ring. Y no 10 sacare, no impor
Ia cuantos candidates Sc prese1
ten.
He venido recorriendo toda
la Florida y NADIA he apreciado
que pueda desanimarme.
La gaceta., 1931-10-06
Ell TEMPO
GRO2

Nublados para hoLAg mana
ma. Vientos moderados Idel este.
Maxima temperature aver, 81
grades; minima, II.
MareS alta a las 9:01 a. m. y
11:18 p. M; marea baja a las
2:03 a. m. y 4:43 p. m.
La gaceta., 1931-10-06
NEGROS ACUSADOS DE A
SESINAR A UN ANCIANO

Bradenton, Oct. 6.-Dos ne
gros fueron arrestados aver e
internados en- la Garcel del Con-
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-01-30
5000 PFILA. JOBIESS VOTE DEMONS RATION FEB 10
"The White Mans Burden

Yping
phrase depicting of colonial people
of the white
burden mpeast apoog to claim that is all
done of so-caled backward" peoples.
point the speech of Mr. Mcdonald before the
Foreign Policy Association washington Mcdonald
Haitian problem" the most brilliant
the result being acceptable to all
achieved brilliant
capitalist ineectuas substitute
with another mperast lackey
diplomatic victory of the greatest imperas
pasant peasants
Certainly shot to death by u
Mcdonald proceed
pleasant bandits that dead tell tales
white burden is that of Mica
second best of the year
the Ncaraguan canal nearly finished and quite number
Nicaraguans murdered
still further, however The u
Nicaragua commander hurryng to
washington Secretary
government funds The for funds
being such that unless loan is made
n present strength will be mpered'
Wall will further enchan the country to
the Ncaraguan will be taxed to for
the result precious mpeaiS subsection and lootng
Associated Press of JAM % relating the fact that Irving
indbg $525O00 the
income the past to reduce the national debt and that
interest the
O Street,
The white quite profitable
the white man can bankers
country obligations
imposed rightly with justification
by increasing the armed struggle for
dependence.
American
struggle identical mionaires
footing and numbering in Nicaragua should aid materially and
fight independence Ncaragun Haitian
unemployment
the February must include that for all funds
Cypress other peoples feed the starving
Everywhere the n-America Anti Impeaist must be
the fighters baion
Everywhere the demands must be raised:
hdraw-th The Marine from Get Q
appropriations
foreign soil to be turned over to the unemployed"
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-01-30

the ruling big capitalists there must be immedi-
ately organized the conter-offensive Of the prole
tariat in all capitalist countries. Otherwise there
is no salvation for the proletariat. Broad masses
of the workers ready to fight; they DO not
wish to capitulate like slaves. But the greater
part of the organized workers are still bound and
kept back from the fight by the social democratic,
feformist christian syndicalist and fascist or
CARNATIONS, which are headed by sworn lackeys
of capitalism who do everything in order to frus-
trate any resistance on the part Of the workers
against the capitalist offensive. This fatal infu-
ence of the reactonary labor bureaucracy must OF
necessity be broken through by the direct approach
of the revolutionary workers organizations to the
broadcast working masses. In every single coun-
try the lassconscous active advance guard of the
proletariat must appeal to all workers, get into
immediate contact with all rank and file mem
bers of the reformist syndicalst, anarchist, fas-
cist and christian organizations, using q language
which can be understood by every class comrade,
in order tc convince them Of the necessity Of the
proetarian united front for the fight against the
OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES Of the bourgeoisie.
The mass action for the greatest possible mob
zation of the unemployed. and especially of the
workers in the factories for the international DEM
onstrations on Feb rs must be commenced al
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-01-30

ready now without any delay. In this connec-
ton attention must be concentrated upon few,
urgent fighting demands correspond
ing to the immediate requirements of the broad
suffering masses. We propose as such minimum
demands which can be set UP in all capitalist
countries, the following:
l. Immediate payment Of a lump sum of money
as winter relief for every unemployed sufficient
to ensure for each one minimum existence for
at least two months. The means necessary for this
purpose are to be taken from the military budget
and other socially harmful items of the expendi-
ture of the states
2. An unemployment insurance really appro-
pirate to the necessary, vital requirements OF the
workers, exclusively at the cost of the employers
and of the state. In those countries where there
already exists system Of unemployment benefit,
improvement of this system and increase of the
amount of unemployment benefit Determined
fight against every policy Of retrenchment of So
cial expenditure-for progressive taxation Of the
big caitalists and big agrarians.
8. Exemption of the unemployed from payment
of rent, taxes, and expenditure for necessary COM
munal services, so long as they are not assured
of an adequate social insurance social welfare.
prohibition Of eviction Of unemployed
4 seven-hour working day with full pay. six
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-01-30

Staff Of the French army, the military leaders OF
Poland RunIania, Finland. Latvia and Esthonla
as we'll as very influential military CIRCLES in Eng
land are at present working for the realization
of the robber plan, The international campaign
of the bourgeoisie, Of the social democrats and
fascists, which is conducted under the pretext OF
combating soviet dumping" aims at diverting
the attention of the working masses of the people
of the capitalist countries from those who are
really responsible for the mpoverishment OF their
situation and to pursuade them of the necessity
of intervention against the Soviet Union. The
year 1881 is regarded by the imperialist enemies
of the Soviet Union as the decisive year for their
interventionist efforts, because in the Soviet
Union this year is of decisive Importance for the
realization of the great socialist Five Year Plan.
Therefore we workers of the capitalist countries
must precisely at present follow with greatly in
creased vigilance the war preparations Of the
militarist circles and expose and combat them.
In the land of the Soviets, where the victorious
proletariat is building up Socialism. there is no
unemployment but on the contrary the demand
for labor power is continually growing. Capt.
talism, on the other hand, brings mass unem-
ployment; 1t needs the accumulation OF the mis-
cry of the workers in the interest of the accumi-
lation Of capital. Never before in the history Of
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-01-30

lackeys.
The dressmakers will have with
them in the coming struggle the
wholehearted cooperation and as
sistance of tens of thousands of
workers in the city of New York who
are taking up the question of how
best to assist the strike at the con-
ference tomorrow at p. m. at Web
ster Hall.
All organizations that have not
sent in their credentials so far are
urgently requested to- do so today
Where no delegates were elected,
workers organizations are requested
to be represented at the Saturday
conference by their officials.
The Needle Trades workers In
dustrial Union is calling special
meeting on Feb. at p. m. at st.
Luke's Hail. 125 West 130th st. There
are thousands of Negro and Spanish
speaking and other workers residing
in this section. Many of them are
members of the union. Thousands
of them are unorganized. Some of
them are in the clutches of the COM
pany union. This vast army of thou
sands of terribly exploited workers
must unite. This meeting calls on
them to fight for and under the
leadership of the Needle Trades
Workers Industrial Union to rid
themselves of the company union
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-01-30
Worker Vets to Expose
Fake Bonus Bill Tonite

NEW YORK-The Workers Ex-
Servicemen's League will expose the
Mellon and capitalist class bonus
fakery at the regular meteing of the
League tonight. The proposition of
immediate payment of the bonus to
the veterans causing the capitalists
to suffer" will be one of the main
topics after the report. of the execu-
tive committee is made In special
statement issued by the Organiza-
tional Committee of the League last
night the veterans of New York were
called on to expose the many plans
now being Matched up to fool the
veterans into thinking that congress
men are interested in having the adj
justed service certificates paid in full
now, and also the payment OF the
bonus solving the needs of millions
of workers. relatives and dependents
of veterans in many instances and
other workers who are unemployed
The meeting is at 8 p. m. tonight
at Ukrainian Hall, IS East Third st.
The veterans will demand real relief
FOR all unemployed workers.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-01-30
organize An Fighting Against Unemployment Feb

the world has this contradiction been so treInen-
dous as at the present time when the capitalist
system is already shaken to its foundations The
warehouses of the big capitalists are chock-fuD
with products of every kind, whilst the producers
of this wealth are starving. We, representatives. Of
the revolutionary workers organizations, do not
conceal for a moment that our aim is the con-
fiscation of all this wealth. The only way to the
final and complete solution Of the question of
unemployment is the revolutionary fight for the
overthrow of the capitalist governments, for the
capture Of power by the proletarat for the ex
preparation of the expropriators.
January 18th, 1891.
The &C. of the C.P. Of Germany,
The &C. Of the C.P. Of France.
The &C. of the C.P. Of Great Britain,
The &C. of the C.P. Of CzechosIovakia,
The &C. of the C.P. Of Poland,
The National Committee of the Red Trade Union
Opposition Of Germany,
The Bureau Confederal Of the CG.T.U. Of France.
The Executive Committee Of the British Minority
Movement,
The Executive Committee Of the Red Trade UAiens
Of Csechoslovakia. ~~' ---- -
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-01-30
BY /. AMTER.

NEW YORK.--JuSt as in New York
City, where. Mayor Walker declared
that the city is doing everything pos
sible for the unemployed and star
wing workers and their families, that
is through charity, so, too, in every
other city and state the governments
are employing the one method-mis-
cradle, degrading charity. In New
York, j, nfear that the 100000 I'M
employed are getting too much to
eat, they are disseminating some of
the breadlines, registering the work
ers and making it impossible for
them to get more than the minimum
amount of food.
This is the new line of attack on
the unemployed and, therefore. the
need of unemployment insurance be-
comes ever more pressing. The work
ers want no breadlines, no flop
houses-they want the insurance they
are entitled to, as victims of the crisis
las men willing to work This de-
msnd they are fighting forever as
the farmers of Arkansas, finding that
there was only one way to get relief,
shouldered rifles, marched to Eng
land. Arkansas, and--GOT relief!
On Feb. 10, the national delega-
ton of the unemployed will proceed
to Washington to lay the demands
of the unemployed before the U. S,
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-01-30

hour working day in injurious trades and for all
young workers. Inexorable fight against wage
cuts, for higher wager, Concrete wage demands
decided by workers conferences in the different
branches OF Industry Prohibition of mass dis
charges
In every country these demands shall be sup
plemented by some other concrete action demands
arising out of the part cular situation of the coun
try in question and closely connected with the
fight against unemployment, such as for instance,
in a number Of countries: Fight against white
terror and fascism; against measures Of bourgeois
policy which aim at impoverishng the peasant
Masses cessation Of payments under the Young
Plan Germany; confiscation of the property of
the princes and the Church. or special slogans
against the imperialist regime in the colonial
countries.
In addition. the fight against unemployment
must be connected with the fight against the war
preparations Of the bourgeois governments To
the working masses Of the people it is not yet
perfectly clear what monstrous crimes the rulers
of their country-for the greater part in secret
are now preparing. Great Britain and the United
States are arming against each other; France and
italy are arrning against each other, etc. The
whole mperialist world is arming for war against
the Soviet Union! In the first place the General
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-01-30
G. E. B. of Industrial Union
Maps Plans for Dress Strike

NEW YORK-The strike of $4,000
dressmakers is nearing. Every effort
will be made on the part of the
Needle Trades Workers Industrial
Union to reach all workers in Or
ganized. unorganized and company
union shops. In order to accomplish
this task and to most effectively
strike against the terrible sweatshop
conditions established in the dress
industry by the greedy bosses, in CO.
operation with the company union,
the Needle Trades Workers Indus
trial Union is determined to use
every ounce of its energy to reach
all the workers, regardless of race
and color. and mobilize them into a
fighting force
The final plans for the strike were
taken up at the meeting of the Cen
eral Executive Board of the Needle
Trades Workers Industrial Union at
a special session yesterday in New
York. Many members of the ma
ticnal committee came from out of
town to attend this most Important
session. Each demand to be put to
the bosses has been thoroughly stud
led by the General Executive Board.
and it was determined to bring to
workers in the dress industry the
importance of fighting for conditions
that will break the iron grip Of the
exploiters and their company union