davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-12-14
Variety Of Types

TINE problem of understanding
l. tumors, according to DR.. Cutler,
is the problem of understanding
growth. When we know why peo-
pies bodies stop growing when they
have reached certain sizes we will be
on the road to conquering cancer.
"Once the time comes when we
will known how the body checks
growth" he says, eve then prob
ably will have discovered the prin-
ciples which can be applied to the
cells of tumor and can stop the
tumor' growth without, I hope, re-
sorting to the present crude forms
of destruction Of the tumor by the
knife or by the use Of radiation,
either radium or X-ray.
For the present we must be con-
tent, if we are to save people, to de-
stroy the tumor entirely, and we
must do this until we know enough
about a single cell to be able to
stop its growth just as the body
stops growing after reaching a GER
tain age.
Ihere are many kinds OF tumorS.
Some Of them we call benign or
simple tumors, and this is the type
that grows only locally in a single
spot and never spreads throughout
the body.
eff completely removed benign
turnors will not recur. Such tumors
require medical care only because
they may grow to such enormous
size as to press upon important
structures.
"Other tumors we call malignant
tumors, and the cancers which the
public fear so much are largely In
this group"
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-12-14
Mystery UnSoIYed

TUMORS have occupied the at
l. tention of the medical pro-
fesSion for centuries, DR.. Cutler says,
Within recent years, immense sums
have been spent upon Investigations
of the cause of tumors. And yet
the subject still is one of many
mysteries.
CAS- yet we seem to have little
positive knowledge which can give
us hope that a complete under
standing of the nature of tumorS is
in sight" DR.. Cutler says.
''We know a great deal concerning
the question of what part injury
may play in producing tumor, what
part inheritance may play, and
what part laws of cell growth may
play. There also are protracted
studies to show that infection is not
the cause of tumor.
ga tumor is the result of a single
cell starting to grow and never stop
ping this growth. Moreover, the
tissues of a tumor do not perform
any function and merely utilize
great part Of the body for their
growth, which is to continue until
death of the body or removal Of the
growing cells stops further produc-
ton.
"All people interested in life have
an interest in tumors. People who
study animals know that animals
have tumors.
The botanistS know that trees and
plants have tumorS, and it may be
that the final knowledge which will
allow us to combat properly the
growing tumor will come from some
one quite outside of the field of
medicine"
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-12-14

"HE contract tournament be-
tween LEM and Culbertson con-
yinces me that the expert is one
of the most destructive factors in
our civilization. This is peculiarly
true when he assumes leadership in
any sort of pastime.
I have no doubt that the early
days of football provided far more
fun for the players than the later
years, in which elaborate and
highly paid coaching was intro
duced.
And so it is with contract. To
me this is the finest and the most
exciting of all card games. I will
go further to say the most engross-
ing form of gamble yet devised by
man. But perhaps this isn't quite
fair. When one embarks upon
poker he must press the stakes to
the point where the element Of
distress money enters in.
There is no sort of skill in a
friendly game. If the winnings and
losses are minor, poker lacks true
intensity. A scent bluff carries
with it no power or persuasion.
But contract is different. I have
played it for twentieth Of a cent
point and for nothing at all. And,
no matter what the stake, I have
been consumed with an eagerness
to win. It is a game stimulating to
the ego Of the successful.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-12-14
Questions and
Answers

Was the Statue of Liberty in New
York made in this country or in
France? What was the date Of its
unwilling?
The statue was cast in France.
The head was completed for the
Paris exposition in 1878, and the
forearm was sent to America for ex-
hibition at the Centennial exposi-
ton, Philadelphia, in 1876. On Oct.
"a, 1881, the anniversary of the Bat
tel of Yorktown, all the pieces of
the framework and base were put in
place at Paris, Levi P. Morton, the
American ambassador, driving the
first rivet. The statue was finished
in 1883. On July 4, 1884, M. de
Lesseps, president Of the French
committee, officially presented the
statue to Ambassador Morton; on
Aug. 5, 1884, the corner stone of the
pedestal was laid on Bedloe's island
and later in June, 1885, the French
vessel, Isere. landed the statue at
New York. The work of putting the
parts together was begun in May,
1886, and the statue was unveiled
Oct. %, 1886.
Can the salary of the President
of the United States be increased
during his term of office?
The Constitution provides that
the President, who is serving at the
time an increase in the presiden-
tiay salary is passed by congress
may not benefit therefrom during
the term he is then serving.
How many Negroes are employed
by the federal government and what
is the total amount of their yearly
pay?
At the close of the fiscal year June
80, 1928, there were 81 1882 Negro
employees Of the United States gov
eminent whose total pay amounted
to $64. 48S, 1873.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-12-14
* TO-DAY So SIS
I WORLD WAR \
ANNIVERSARY
~ 0tAGE.
ATTACK ON YPRES
December IA

ON Dec. IA, 1917, the Germans
~ attacked on the Tyres front
and carried 300 yards Of British
trenches near Polygon wood.
On the Italian front the Austro-
German forces reached Col Caprile
from the soles Of Col della Ber1etta,
at the head of the San Lorenzo val
ley. The enemy announced that in
the last five days of operations be-
tween the Brenta and che Pave
that 5000 prisoners had been cap
tured.
A. Bergos Grorocio, Mexican,
was arrested in Poughkeepsie, N.
Y, and brought to New York City
on a charge of being an enemy
alien. He was questioned and his
explanation effected his release.
Mrs. K. Mccormick, in an address
before the National American Wom-
ans Suffrage Association in New
York, declared that German propa-
ganda was seeking to defeat the
American food pledge campaign
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-12-14
HopeIeSSIy InterIoCked

GONE of the same people who
~ claim that we were drawn into
this depression by world conditions,
and in spite of all we could do, ar
que that we can get out of it
through independent action.
That, Of course, is nonsense, If
we were unable to maintain pros
perity by ourselves, how can we hope
to restore it by ourselves?
Not an event has occurred since
1914 but shows how hopelessly civ
Ilization has become interlocked, how
impossible 1t is for any nation to
find peace or prosperity within its
own frontiers.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-12-14
Facing a New Crisis

EVIDENTLY, we are up against
II a problem which includes
something bigger than brokerage
fees.
If the world has reached a point
where seventeen billions in public,
or quaSi-public securities are worth
but little more than half their face
value and where their redemption
is doubtful, we face a worse crisis
than we yet have been through.
A congressional inquiry as to the
Solvency of certain governments.
and a general economic conference
would seem nearer to fitting the
emergency than personal probes.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-12-14
It's Far Too Big

IN spite of this collapse of for
4 eign bonds, one hears foreign
debts discussed just as though their
revision, or collection, were a
matter which could be decided by
a vote in congress.
Also, one hears the Hoover mora
forum discussed as though the
President of the United States
could be held responsible for it, and
as though it could be ignored, with
out placing this government in an
embarrassing position.
In both instances, we are deal
ing with a problem which we might
help to solve, but which is far too
big and complicated for us to con-
troll.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-12-14
A Larger LUnaCV

THESE foreign bonds are but a
l. phase of the larger lunacy.
AS matter of fact, they haven't
shrunk any more than some of our
own supposedly gilt-edged securi-
ties.
Whether they represent skulldug-
gerry in high finance, they certainly
bespeak a shaky economic situation.
That situation is what we should
be worrying about.
If several great governments are
on the very edge of bankruptcy, we
ought to be preparing for it. If not,
most Of these bonds will come back.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-12-14

to his son while he is living, so
when he dies he won't have to pay
the government back any of the
money taken from the public in sew
eral Of his big oil deals. Perhaps
Doheny could tell us something
that would interest the readers of
newspapers of the country.
Well, more power to the big shots
if they want Russia here in the
United States. They will get it soon
enough unless they act and not beg
the fellow who is working two or
three days a week to give and help.
THE MASKED MYSTERY,
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-12-14
He Also Had a High Huff


NNCE I saw a gentleman of
~ many millions go to bed in a
towering dudgeon because he had
lost $3.50 at contract. 1t wasn't
the money, I assume, so much as
the principle of the thing.
Right here lies my issue with
the expert, and I do not care which
school he favors. He has come in
with his systems of bidding and re-
duced a gallant gambling enterprise
to the intellectual level of chess.
Tt is not my intention to offend
those who find recreation and in
spiration in one of the Oldest
pastimes. But the spirit of chess
never was that of dice and cards.
The element of luck is excluded
vigorously.
Most of us live largely by series
of fortunate accidents. Campaigns
and careers have hung upon things
largely fortuitous. The gambling
instinct belongs among the print
tive emotions, since man from the
beginning has recognized Chance as
one of the goddesses.
The beauty of contract lies in
the fact that it can appeal both to
the reckless and the mathematical
mind. AS I see it, the experts want
to reduce accidental triumphs and
chart the progress of the game. All
bidding systems are designed to
furnish as much information as pos
Sible.
And once a player is aware Of
the location Of the cards, there is
not much point in going on. The
thing which ought to be a race has
become a parade.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-12-14
BY DIR. MORRIS FISHBETN
Editor Journal of the American Medical
Association and of Hygeia, the Health
Magazine,

Magazine
a MONG the other conditions to
IA which the name German is at
tached, after German pancakes and
hamburger steak, is that variety Of
eruption of the skin which resem-
bles measles, but which is not
measles and which Is far less seri-
Gus than measles.
German measles is a mild disease
which begins with symptoms af-
fecting the nose and throat, lasting
two or three days.
Following this mild manifestation
there comes enlargement of the
glands behind the ears and at the
back of the head, and with this a
very red eruption, spreading over
the face and gradually thinning out
over the rest Of the body.
The eruption usually starts and
fades within a period of forty-eight
to seventy-tWo hours.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-12-14
TT SEEMS TO ME BY H BE9SS

rule would turn the trick am not
shrewd enough to say.
But this I know: It would be
better by far if limitations were set
upon informative bidding. The first
lead ought to be an adventure, a
thrust in the dark, rather than an
obligatory maneuver dictated by
faith in a passionate creed.
Poker is, unfortunately, cruel
game. It has within its potentiali-
ties the notion of acute punish
ment. 1t is said that no noise is
quite as pleasant as the wall of a
loser. But the adage was coined by
winner.
Cleaner and SWeeter World
IF it we're not for the experts,
L contract might drive poker COM
pletely off the map, and we should
all live in warmer and more
pleasant world. But the new dis
pensation seems to provide that
contract shall be made difficult and
become a game for which no one
is eligible until he has completed
the required reading and devoted
himself largely to laboratory work.
would have it once more a game
in which anybody can join and
everybody can help and hang
around.
Certainly there is no suggestion
that the big tournament itself pro-
vides entertainment for the par
Elephants. They are sacrificing
themselves for the sake of the XII
bitzers. I have read of the rigid
attention of all commemorative
stiff backed chairs and the absence
of any conversation beyond zone
spade!" Three clubs!" and "Dou-
ble!"
Il
Now Is Better Than Never
MOST of all I am impressed b
IV1 the fact that the contestar
are tagging far behind their sche
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-12-14

Ideals and opinions expressed
in this column are those of
one of Americas most inter.
esting writers and are pre-
scented without regard to their
agreement or disagreement
with the editorial attitude of
this Daper.-The Editor.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-12-14
Bidding in the Dark

A CCORDINGLY, I wish it were
"A possible to bar away from the
public consciousness all truck with
problems and formulate. These are
not things by which the proper
gambler lives, Just what sort of
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-12-14

To yield reverence to another, to
hold ourselves and our lives at his
disposal is not slavery; often it is
the noblest state in which a man
can live in this world.-Ruskin.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-12-14

and amity. Yet we are asked to in and join the
league in work which it could do itself if its members
had not deceived from 1914 to 1920 Moreover, we
would have been in the league if our war ideals had
been embodied in the postwar settlements.
We ought to be able to learn something from all
this In age international cooperation is essen
tial We not stand aside and lick our wounds
however deep and unmerited. But our cooperation
should be highly enlightened and well considered We
should act with eyes open and alive to the conse-
quences
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-12-14
Daily Thought

A prophet is not without honor,
save in his own country, and In
his own house-Matthew 1857,
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-12-14
No One Loses His Job

When times are slack, men lose their Jobs
unless they are workers at the Columbia
Conserve Company, makers of soup, chill,
tomato juice, all sold under COLUMBIA
BRAND. That is because the workers are
the owners, run and operate their plant,
control their own affairs and pay on the
basis of needs.
The work is distributed. The worker-owners
share in sacrifices as they share in benefits.
Whatever work is available is distributed.
No one fears loss of his job. If you would
like to see this system extended to all in
dustry and safeguard all jobs against I'M
employment, buy COLUMBIA BRANDS
On Sale At ALL REGAL STORE
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-12-14
An Exneriment.

seRTPPJ-Ho~AkI
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-12-14

Now Is Better Than Never
MOST of all I am impressed b
NI the fact that the contestar
are tagging far behind their sche
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-07-17
BY THOMAS r. HENRY.

An unarmed man might kill lion
in single combat.
A few days ago newspapers carried a
story about gentleman in South
Africa who, attacked by one of these
big cats saved his life by grabbing It's
tongue with his hand and holding on
desperately until a friend arrived and
killed the beast.
It sounded like the prize nature fake
of hot Summer. when news Is scarce
Yet. says DR.. William M. Mann. direc-
tor of the National Geological Park, If
the South African actually did what he
said he did, he had excellent prece-
dents.
DR.. Mann doesn't vouch for the au-
thenticity of the South African story
nor for the reputed exploits OF the oes-
tiores, men who in ancient days fought
beasts bsrehanded. but he can cite eX-
cellent authority on the latter which
have been handed down from the days
of ancient Rome when the bloodthirsty
populace demanded a thrill for its
Among the entertainers were gladia-
tors who furnished amusement by Kill
ing each other, but there were also the
bestiores, who provided a thrill by kill
ing animals or getting themselves torn
to shreds. According to the historic
accounts, DR.. Mann says, bestiore
would strip naked and enter the arena.
Then a lion, a tiger, bear or a bull,
kept hungry for several days. would be
released. The defenSeless man had to
make the best OF 1t.
Well Paid for Dangers.
Beast fighting. say DR.. Mann's au-
T1rnfpccinn
as it was dangerous. A man entered 1t
only after a rigorous course OF train
ing extending over years. Each bestiore
was a specialist, f1ghtine CH'y one kind
of animal He studied the weak points
Of this animal and then prac iced for
long time with dummies and decreplt
beasts until he became perfect in his
art. Then he went to the arena. The
bestiore seldom died in bed, but he
might be successful for a long time.
The defense against the lion. accord
ing to Loisel French authority cited
by DR.. Mann. was to crouch awaiting
the animals charge, with the right
hand ready for instant action. 1t re-
nerve, but if the bestiore could get his
hand into the lions mouth and grab
the right place quickly enough he was
safe He didn't exactly grab the tongue,
according to Loisel, but the root of the
tongue. He knew just where to grab,
with no waste motion.
Then he had only to hold on. The
lion was at his mercy. 1t couldn't close
its mouth. Try to close the mouth
with a doctors depressor against the
root of the tongue while he is examin-
ing the tonSilS. Movement choked him.
The bestiore was skilled in avoiding the
strokes of his claws. AS the beast
choked these grew feebler and feebler,
until it collapsed and the bestiore re-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-07-17
Science
Biting FingernaiIs Not a
Bad Habit.

Fingernail biting among children is
not a bad habit of individuals, but a
symptom of fundamental physical
changes. DR.. David Wechsler reports in
a current issue of the Psychoanalytical
Review
He studied this irritating habit among
5000 New York children. ranging in age
from to II years. Between the third
and fourth year, he found, there were
only few scattered cases. In the fifth
year approximately one-fifth Of all the
children observed were "biterS."
The percentage rose gradually to 35
per cent between the seventh and eighth
years and remained at approximately
this stage among boys until the four
tenth year. when it jumped to 43 per
cent. Among girls the big jump came
between IL and IL.
The percentage remained high for
the two years following with both sexes.
Then it declined rapidly. Only about
10 per cent of the l7-year-old children
bit their flngernails.
For both sexes, DR.. Wechsler points
out, the fingernail- biting curve CORE
spends almost exactly with the growth
curve So there must be something
fundamental underlying the practice
q common factor with growth. 1t is not
an individual habit without relation to
anything else.
Therefore. DR. Wechsler points out. II
it. is not a habit it cannot be cured as
other bad habits are cured. Either 1t is
to be allowed to run its course or the
underlying causes must be discovered
and attacked. T. r. H.
Copyright, 1917
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-07-17
Hard Winter in Peru.

LIMA, Peru, sJuly II H9.-It's hard
Winter Temperatures at Cerro de Pas
CO. in the Andes, have averaged IL de-
grees above zero for several days.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-07-17
KILLING LION BY TONGUE-HOLD
IS OLD TRICK OF BESTIORE
Experience Of Man In South Africa Recalls
Accidental Discovery In Time of
Alexander the Great.

tired with the plaudits of the multi
tude.
With the tiger the procedure was
different. The bestiore had harmed
that the tiger had a weak neck. With
iron nerve he stood motionleSs in the
center of the arena, waiting the beast's
spring, his right arm in position. Then,
stepping aside quickly, he would catch
the tigers neck in his arm and give a
quick wrench. If he was skillful he
could break the neck. 1t was more ex-
citing and more dangerous than the
lions tongue trick, but 1t was finished
sooner.
With the bear the weakness was in
the skull A we'll delivered blow in the
right place would knock bruin senSeless
and the bestiore could kill him at his
leisure 1t was all case of brains,
training and nerve against brute
strength.
Tongue Trick Accident.
The trick of grabbing a lion by the
tongue; DR.. Mann says, appears to have
been All accidental discovery. if the an
cient stories are to be trusted. Alexan-
der the, Great, it is related. was curious
to see a man torn to pieces by lion
and arranged such an exhibition to en-
terrain a party of friends. A private
soldier was selected as the victim and
placed in a cage with a hungry lion.
The soldier, however, refused to be torn
to pieces. Accidentally he got his hand
on the lions tongue and held on. The
beast was helpless.
Once again. says DR.. Mann. the ex-
plot is reported and there is some con-
firmation in the record of a damage
suit. Charles the Eighth of France had
a private mensgerie. One night one of
his lions escaped and started through
the gate of a neighborhing yard
The owner carpenter named Ga
-Zaau, tried to bar the beasts way. The
lion roared and Gazeau grabbed it's
tongue, thus saving himself until help
arrived He was badly torn by the
lions claws. Afterward he brought suit
against the royal zoo keeper for neg
ligence.
While little confidence can be placed
in the records of the bestiores, DR..
Mann says, they contain the only in
formation available concerning some Of
the questions which are most frequently
asked zoo keepers. One of these is
about the relative fighting ability of the
lion and the tiger. These beasts used
to be pit ed against each other in the
arena and. the stories say. victory usual
ly rested with the tiger.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-07-17
MAY REOPEN LOANS
N SOUTH DAKOTA
Agriculture Department Told
Of Havoc Wrought by
Grasshoppers to Crops.

Reopening Of drought loans in South
Dakota Is under consideration by the
Agriculture Department in view OF
Hrasshopper invasion which has caused
serious crop damage.
Representative Williamson of South
Dakota has received q letter from
George L. Hoffman. director of the seed
loan once, informing him that survey
to determine how many farmers re-
ouired funds with which to feed live
stock would be ordered through the
State director of extension work. Much
Of the loss was suffered, 1t was revealed,
by the crops Of smaller grains.
Funds Not Available.
Hoffman informed the South Dakota
commissioner of agriculture that the
drought loans could not be. used to
fight the grasshopper horde. He said
there is no other Federal fund available.
Should the investigation reveal a
large number of farmers needing money
to feed farm animals, Hoffman said he
probably would send a special agent
into the State before placing the
question before Secretary Hyde, who is
national forests.
Hoffman said Williamsons letter ask
ing financial aid was the first knowledge
he had that farmers were IN serious
plight.
ReOpened in Two States.
A request by Gov. Green for opening
of the drought loans had not been re-
ceived at the department
The Language CT the drought loan act,
Hoffman said, gave no authority for
using the funds for this purpose. The
leans recently were reopened in North
Dakota and Montana, where drought
has done serious injury.