davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-01-11

ID. A. r. ActiVitles-Page BIO.
At Community Centers-Page B-6.
PART TWO--S PAGES.
Editorials and Editorial Comment.
Parent-Teacher ActiVities-Page 6.
Army and Navy News-Page 6.
PART THREE-12 PAGES.
Society Section.
PART FoUR-s PAGES.
Amusement Section-Theater, Screen
and Radio.
In the Motor World-Page 4.
Aviation-Page 5.
American Legion-Page 5.
Marine Corps Notes-Page D.
Fraternities-Page 8.
News of the Clubs-Page 6.
w. c. T. U. Notes-Page 8.
Radio-Page 7.
PART FIVE PAGES.
Sports Section.
PART SIX-12 PAGES.
Financial News and Classified Adver-
Using.
Organized Reserves-Page 5.
Serial Story, Golden Dawn"-Page IL.
District of Columbia Naval Reserves
Page H..
Gold Star Mothers-Page IL.
District National Guard-Page IL.
Veterans of Foreign Wars-Page II.
PART SEVEN-24 PAGES.
Magazine Section.
News of the Music World-Page 10.
Reviews of the New Books-Page 20.
Notes of Art and Artists-Page 81.
Cross word Puzzle-Page %.
GRAPHIC SECTIONS PAGES.
World Events in Pictures.
COLOR SECTIONS PAGES.
Moon Mullins; Mutt and JEFF; Mr.. and
Mrs; Regular Fellers; Brutus; the
Smythes; Little Orphan Annie; High
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-01-11

promotion the best he could hope was
that when he was SO he might have
Colonel, U. S. A., Retired" engraved
on his calling card-unless war gave
him chance or he was struck by the
lightning of presidential favor.
A sturdy, wholesome fellow, West
Pointer at sight, this Capt. Pershing,
Continued on Page S, Column -
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-01-11

COLOR SECTIONS PAGES.
Moon Mullins Mutt and JEFF: Mr.. and
Mrs; Regular Fellers; Brutus; the
Smythes; Little Orphan Annie; High
lights of History.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-01-11
From Press to Home
Within the Hour"

The Star is delivered every evening and
Sunday morning to washington homes BY
The Stars exclusive carrier service. Phone
National 5000 to start immediate delivery.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-01-11
TODAY'S STAR

PART ONE-26 PAGES.
General News-Local National and
Foreign.
Educational News-Page B-4.
D. A. r. Activities-Page BIS.
At Community Centers-Page B-6.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-01-11
PART FIVE PAGES.
Sports Section.

GRAPHIC SECTIONS PAGES.
World Events in Pictures.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-01-11

PART TWO--S PAGES.
Editorials and Editorial Comment.
Parent Teacher Activities-Page 6.
Army and Navy News-Page 6.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-01-11
WEATHER.

%. 8. Weather Bureau Forecast.)
Increasing cloudiness today, followed
by rain beginning tonight or tomorrow;
not much change in temperature.
Temperature Highest, AZ, at pm.
Yesterday; lowest, 80, at 10 pm. yester-
day Full report on page z.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-01-11

on Means Assoeiated Press.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-08-26
Democratic Fury at Albany

Unfair. unjust, inhuman. despotic,
binding, high-handed. unneces-
Uary." Such were the adjectiyes used by
the Democratic leader Of the New York
State Senate when. upon the opening
Of the special legislative session called
by Gov. Roosevelt. two bills were pre-
scented in each House for immediate
consideration and, upon the Governors
recommendation, for prompt enactment
into law. what were the Ubiquitous
measures that 50 stirred the indigna-
lion and aroused the spirit Of the Demo-
cratic leader Of the Senate? Bills &c
deprive innocent persons Of their Ab-
erty, or strip them Of their propertyS
Bills 10 set up an autocratic government
in the state? Not at all. Just hill
empowering the Legislative Inyestieat-
ang Committee now looking into metro
politan management 10 Greater Nev
YORK 10 get the truth BY means.of gram
Is inmunity to witnesses VINO have tssl
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-08-26
Headline Mathematics
Surprises Star Reader

To the Editor Of The Star:
was very much surprised to read
in yesterdays Star that the Districts
farmers decrease 100 per cent in 10
years" according to the heading of the
article. From the text it further APP
pears that there were only 435 farm
ers in the District of Columbia when
the 1880 census enumerators made their
rounds" and that this figure repre-
sentS q decrease of more than 100 per
cent in 10 years, as there were 894
farmers In the District at the time of
the 1920 census"
1t is an obvious fact that a decrease
of 100 per cent would mean that there
was not q single farmer left, and a
decrease OF more than 100 per cent"
is an impoSs1bility. However, it is not
uncomon to hear or to see in print
the same error, when the decrease Is
about so per cent and thus leaves
figure which is equal to the reduction
And this error Is not committed by
the laymen alone, for some years ago
one of the foremost economists of my
native country wrote that a certain
value had decreased 100 per cent in
stead of 100 points. AS q matter of
fact, to most people it is easier to cal
culate an increase than a decrease and
that Is what often causes the error
Had. for instance, the number of farm
ers increased from AIS to 894, that
would have been an increase of more
than 100 per cent and thus one is easily
led to believe the percentage would
be the same for q decrease from 894 to
AIS, but in the first case the basic
number Is 435 and in the second
case ss4. ARNVID NYGAARD.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-08-26
End of the "Flying Vacation. +"

The Lindberghs' flying vacation Is
over-that is, If the successful termina-
ton of their seven-th ousand-rnile fight
from the Eastern section Of the United
States to Toxic can be considered the
end Of their plans for air travel at the
present time. Today they are being
lavishly entertained by the japanese,
who gave them a vociferous welcome as
their big monoplane dropped into the
harbor twenty-nine days after leaving
New York. It was a typical Lindbergh
success. Careful preparation. no hurry,
no unnecessary chance-taking. In other
words, caution and skill that make for
safety.
Mrs. Lindbergh is thus the first won-
an to fly the Pacific. and she may have
the satisfaction that she was an active
o-worker in accomplishing the feat. The
former Anne Morrow has made the team
of I'VE" complete, and on this trip es-
pecially was a vital factor In her dis
tinguished husbands achievement. No
flight is seemingly too long for her. but
she is not content to sit idle. Since their
marriage she has become full-nedged
radio operator and pilot. and when this
couple take the air both are working
for safety in the stu infant art Of n.y.
ing.
The japanese trip in itself was no
particularly difncult affair for the col
onel. although many perilous air routes
were flown. The New York-Paris flight
was infinitely more difficult. even dis
counting the improvements made since
that time in airplanes. His South Arneri-
can trip and his nonstop flight from
washington to Mexico City likewise were
probably more hazardous. But the main
point is that the colonel Is doing much
for aviation at the present time by
demonstrating that with the normal de-
gree Of care skillful pilot can actually
go to any part Of the world he chooses
with excellent chances for success.
II every airman contemplating q trip,
long or short and for whatever purpose
follows the Lindbergh lead in that rare
blending Of caution and skill there will
be a sharp reduction in aviation fatali-
ties.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-08-26
Cabinet Making at London.

Study OF the composition Of the new
coalition British ministry suggests that
there must have been some delicate
dtckering at London between the party
leaders to effect an agreement upon
the ALLEGATION OF positions. There are
three parties, and there were to be
only ten cabinet posts, reduction from
the usual number. There were many
more than ten prospects" men of high
standing in their respective parties and
in former ministries, men Of eminent
ability and wide influence. To choose
ten who would work harmoniously for
the administration Of the government
In this crisis was no easy task. Certain
posts were automatically allotted. The
premiership went. OF course, to Ramsay
Macdonald, who had been commits
stoned by the King to form q cabinet.
With that post went the assignment
as first lord Of the treasury, which was
the specific ONCE held by the premier
in the former ministry. II a Laborite
was 70 be chancellor of the exchequer
there was no other man to be con-
sidered than Philip Snowden. II STAN
ley Baldwin former prime minister was
to head the Conservative delegation in
the new ministry, a more appropriate
Office than that of president Of the
council could not be found, carrying
with It, as it does, the role Of leader
in Commons. Sir Herbert Samuel
proxy for David Lloyd George in the
new ministry, Is named secretary OF
state for home affairs, or, as the title l.
abbreviated, home secretary, o position
of great Importance. Selection Of the
secretary Of state for foreign affairs
must have given some difiicuIty, as thu
list Of ayailables for cabinet selection
was replete with diplomatic talent. The
choice of Lord Reading, Liberal. wal
somewhat Of surprise. but 1t causes
q favorable reaction in this country, q,
probably at home. The two Chamber
iains. Neville and Austen, both Con,
servatiyes, find places in the new or,
| ganization, the former rs minister o.
health and the latter Is flrst lord o
the admiralty, outside OF the cabinet
Somewhat Of surprise occurs In tn
choice Of Sir Henry Betterton, Con
scrvatlye, Is minister of labor, It beinl
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-08-26
Fair Retirement Pay
Urged for Officers
To the Editor of The star:


The heading, what of Our War Vet
erans?" appeared in The Star OF Au-
gust 10, 1881, indicating that q series
OF articles would appear In The Sunday
Star to be continued through the week
in The Evening Star. These articles
win be read with interest and revive
hope In those who believe they have
been Disseminated against
It would be Of great advantage II
these articles to be printed IN The Star,
or similar articles, could be printed in
the newspapers throughout the coun-
try or be broadcast over the radio.
An act Of April %, 1904. was passed
by Congress and provided that any Of
f1cer of the Army below the grade of
brigadier general. who served with cred
1t as an officer or as an enlisted man
IN the regular or volunteer forces dur
ing the Civil War, prior to April g.
1865, and who has heretofore been or
hereafter be retired on account of
wounds or on account of disability In
cident to the service, or on account of
age, or after 20 years service, may, in
the discretion Of the President, by and
with the consent and advice Of the
Senate, be placed on the retired list
OF the Army with the rank and retired
pay OF one grade above that actually
held by him at the time of retirement. -
This also applied to the Navy.
1t was q fair and Just reward.
December Is, 1926, Senator Cameron
introduced, during the Sixty-nintF. Con-
gress, second session, bill s. 1929. This
BILL was referred to the Committee on
Military Affairs and no subsequent bill
has been reintroduced to carry it on.
This bill, II passed, would have been
fair and just reward for Spanish
American war service
Recent legislation gave wartime ranl,
to officers who served during the world
War. Some Of these officers so pro-
NOTED were never at the front, were
not In the war zone nor under fire
Otner of1cers were denoted in the re-
adjustment after the war through fail
ing to qualify upon examination or be-
cause OF their war records. Yet, by rea-
son OF this recent legislation, these
men are permitted to be placed upon
the retired list with the rank held by
them during the World War and so
rank with or above officers who have
had long, honorable service and in
some instances hold medals of honor,
medals OF foreign governments or other
service medals. Some of the officers thus
olScrlmlnated against have served over
40 years, having seen service in the
spanish american War Cuba, Porto
Rico, Haiti, Nicaragua, Philippine cam
paign, Boxer Rebellion, Mexican cam
paign, Yangtze River (China) cam
paign observer in certain foreign wars
in which the United States took no
part) and were actually in combat with
the enemy or under fire.
This letter is written with the hope
that it may help deserving officers who
have been Disseminated against and
also to assist the person or persons
writing the articles for The Star by
placing before them facts which can be
verified through examination of sery-
ice records or by interviewing certain
retired officers. ALICE CAMPBELL.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-08-26

shielding themselves and others. "higher
up" from testifying by the plea that to
do so would tend to "incriminate and
degrade" them.
The fury Of denunciation expressed by
Senator Dunnigan, the Democratic
leader, was in large measure aroused by
the fact that In calling the session the
Governor did not include in his special
message q recommendation that the
Legislature enlarge the powers OF the
present investigating committee to en-
able and direct it to investigate other
community affairs than those Of Greater
New York, Republican areas where graft
prevails, If Tammany protests are to be
believed. The Governor in his message
confined himself to the specific purpose
for which the special session was called.
Thereby he In effect rebuffed Tammany,
which wants the inquiry spread in order
to show that other municipal govern
ments are shot with corruption.
But the Governor did not absolutely
close the doors to other actions than
that for which the session was called.
Indeed, he said in his message: 1T Is
my intention before adjournment TO lay
before you other imminent matters. I
did not do so at this time because I
do not wish to hinder or impede your
action on the question of the powers Of
this committee by simultaneously laying
these other matters before you" 1t is
not expected that these "other matters"
will include the suggestion that the
municipal graft inquiry be extended TO
other sections than Greater New York.
The chances are that the Governor win
ask for action designed TO effect the
relief Of the unemployed in the State,
In cooperation with the Presidents
Nationwide relief campaign. Never
theless it is not assured that the ques-
ton Of broadened investigation will be
closed. 1t remains to the Democratic
members Of the Legislature to offer bills
looking to an upstate inquiry. but in
asmuch as the Republicans control both
Houses it Is hardly likely that they
would prevail, In such event.
The net result Of the affair to date
Is that Gov. Roosevelt has incurred
Tammany wrath. Whether this means
anything in the national political sit
uation remains to be seen.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-08-26
Make It Thorough!

A grand jury investigation and a
quick trial Of the four policemen sus-
pended in connection with charges of
brutality to a prisoner are two obvious
steps that should be taken immediately.
The trial should be conducted by an
extraordinary board which, under the
law, the Commissioners are empowered
to appoint. Whether its personnel may
include men outside the municipal gov
eminent apparently depends upon the
ability Of the Commissioners to com
pensate them for their service. At any
rate the board may be made up of men
not connected with the Police Depart
ment
But there Is q third step which, by
all means, should accompany these pre-
liminaries. If brutal tactics have been
used by some officers, such tactics have
manifestly been condoned by higher
authority. There should be q general
inquiry conducted into the methods
practiced by Washington police in
arresting suspects and holding them for
investigation and in seeking to draw
confessions from them. The logical
agency for making such an investiga-
ton Is the Department Of Justice.
The Bureau Of Criminal Investigation
OF the Department of Justice, against
its wishes, has been drawn into Wash
ington police Investigations, under un-
usual circumstances, before. It does
not relish the role. But this Is q case
which transcends the mere investiga-
ton into the guilt or innocence Of four
policemen who have been charged with
brutal tactics. It is q case which tran
sends the mere use Of trained criminal
investigators to discover whether or not
rubber hose was used, or blow struck,
In the examination Of one prisoner.
There should proceed, concurrently
with the trial Of the four men under
suspension, an investigation Of the
Washington Police Department. 1t
should be conducted by the Department
Of Justice and 1t should be demanded
by the officials Of the District govern
ment
This case must not be permitted 10
become "just another investigation.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-08-26
Asks inheritance Tax
To Aid Needy Homes

/ To the Editor Of The Star:
In one Of the Sunday news stories
of The Star, the following heading APP
pears: Unemployment relief fund to
come from private purses till 1t hurts.
| This is statement full OF ambiguity.
MAY I ask whom viii it hurt?
1t cannot hurt the owners OF the
| purses. For the rich, as class, vofun-
| tarily never have nor never VIII give
"till 1t hurts"
perhaps the heading means that the
, collectors Of the relief funds will be dis
appointed by the inadequate funds coll
lected for the worthy purpose OF their
/ labors?
Maybe the caption describes the hum
ger pains and suffering endured by the
millions of needy. who win be unsatis-
| fied by this proposed collection
I will tell you what think this
caption means: It viii hurt to the
quick the pride and honor Of the wives,
| sons and daughters, who will receive
mere pittance Of this uncalled-for
T'be husbands and fathers who toiled
all their lives, and without any fault
of theirs find themselves unable TO
feed their loved ones; these 1t win hurt.
Ask any one who has had the ex-
perience, how much 1t hurts TO stand
y
[ 1t Salvation Army. Red Cross or any
other charity relief.
The writer ventures an opinion that
| this highly organized and carefully
planned effort Is doomed to failure. as
| FAR as getting adequate funds Is con-
cerned.
It seems a pity and a disgrace to
resort to such an undignif1ed procedure.
and, headed by the national leaders OF
the richest Nation on earth, to collect
aims to feed so large croSs-section
Of our society that helped create 30
| large q share Of this wealth.
| Here Is practical plan, that can be
executed with dispatch, that win get
approximately six hundred millions Of
] dollars without begging or stigma at
/ tached.
When Congress convenes, let it pass
an emergency inheritance tax law,
| placing a special IS per cent tax on
all inheritances over $4,000. This tax
will amount to approximately $500, O00,-
600 per annum. With this money In
come certain through the law, let the
Government issue bonds for a like
amount and retire the issue out of the
special inheritance tax income at the
end Of the year.
This plan would permit only the
people of wealth to contribute and 1t
could be Justly collected without giving
offense. It would be painless, too, for
the testators would be dead. while the
new heirs could not logically protest q
is per cent deduction. as they did not
earn this wealth. Actually 1t is wealth
created in large part by sweaty toll of
society, part Of which is now waiting to
be fed.
1t is the function Of government to
raise money by taxation, not begging.
It is the obligation Of all good govern
ment to protect its people from injustice
and wrong. L. SCHNEIDERMAN.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-08-26

Many readers send In questions signed
only with initials, asking that the an
swers appear IN the newspaper. The
space is limited and would not accom-
nodate q fraction Of such requests.
The answers published are ones that
may interest many readers. rather than
the one who asks the question only. All
questions should be accompanied by the
writer's name and address and 2 cents
in coin or stamps for reply. Send your
question to The Evening Star Infornla-
ton Bureau, Frederic J. HaSkin, di-
rector, Washington, d. C.
@. Please give the seating capacity
OF the American League base ball
'" A - Boston NJ as Sc Chicago, 81 900:
Cleveland, $4,000: Detroit q, 900; New
York City, 5000; Philadelphia, $4,000;
st. Louis, 81 800; Washington, $4,000.
@. Where can secure detailed in
formation about the gowns Of the wives
OF the Presidents that are on exhibit
ton in the National Museum7-F. r. w.
A. Mrs. Rose Gouverneur Hoes has
recently published q small volume. IL
Illustrated with photographs Of each
Mistresses of the White House" 1t can
be secured from the Historical Publish
ing Co., 2039 New Hampshire avenue
northwest, Washington, d. G.
Q. How many crusades we're there in
the Middle Ages2-L. K J..
A. There were eight principal and
many minor cruHades between 1896 and
1910.
@. What does Kiwanis mean?-w. W.
A. 1t finds its origin in word in
one Of the Indian 1anguages-Kee-
wants This may be translated In Eng
lish. to make oneself known. In the
Kiwanis Clubs It is interpreted as the
accomplishing Of worthwhile things.
Their slogan is We Build"
@. Did ancient Rome have q fire de-
partment?-J. P. w.
A. The vigiles. the police Of ancient
Rome, were required to prevent and ex-
t1nguish fires. There were cohortes,
or battalions, and II station houses.
Police were stationed at public places
and. as f1remen, were provided with
axes, ropes, buckets and also a kind of
hand fire engine known as the sipl1o.
The whole force numbered about 1000.
q. How is the name "Mackinac" pro-
nounced?--L A. s.
A. 1t is pronounced as If spelled
'Mackinaw."
@. What makes an undertow at an
ocean beach?-G. S.
A. When q wave rushes UP on q
beach the water must recede. Mean
while another wave Is approaching.
This second wave climbs over the water
which is running back. This is re-
peated time and time again. There is
therefore q seward flowing current set
up under the advancing waves.
@. What do the letters p. q. mean
when used as an abbreviation follow
ing lawyers name In q legal notice?
IS. NJ w.
A. The letters mean pro querente-
for the plaintiff
@. How can desert travellers tell
whether they see mirage Of q lake of
real water?-C. e.
A. There are three differences which
may be observed mirage usually
quivers and changes in shape: a real
lake does not have this appearance at
a distance. A real lake usually has a
dark band Of vegetation around It and
birds fly near it and above 1t.