davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1931-08-20

The Norfhwest's Most
Popular and Widely
Read Newspaper
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1931-05-21

SOUTHERN PINES, N. C.-lBy
J. Pleasant Hines. Elk Mayor. This
town, known as Southern Pines, sit
mated on the Seaboard Air Line Rail
road, SO miles southwest of Raleigh.
the state capital, was established and
Incorporated about thirty years ago
or more.
Lying in the Piedmont section of
the state, commonly called the Sand
bill section, the winters being mild,
it soon became a winter resort for
Northern tourists. As the popula-
ton increased it became apparent
that many servants would be need
ed, therefore a segregated section
was designated for Negroes TO live
in, and opportunity was given them
to buy and build homes.
Jim Town Cut Off From Southern
Pines
One of the first settlers to come
was a man by the name Of James H..
Henderson. He saw an opportunity
and forthwith established a school.
This section soon came to be called
jim Town. At that time the corpora
ton of Southern Pines included jim
Town, but for some cause it was
cut off from the white peoples sec
tion and remained 50 until eight
years ago.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1931-05-21
JAIL REPORTER
FOR INCTTINC
MOB TO RIOT

WATER VALLEY, Miss. - The
extent to which the southern news
papers are responsible for many of
the atrocious lynchings occurring in
this section was shown here this
week when Gerald Kelley, reporter
for the Press-Scimitar of Memphis,
was arrested on a charge of melting
mob to lynch a colored boy, Sam
Green, said to have killed two white
people.
Kelley, who was later released on
1000 bond, is charged with hav-
ing written inflammatory and un.
true articles in his paper concern
ing the situation in this town. Sher-
Tiff DOYLE and District Attorney
Thompson state that previous to his
articles, no mob action of any kind
was thought of. but that afterward,
and because of Kelley's actions in
going around and talking up" the
affair, a group of irresponsible ma
tives" made threats which were dis
PEELED by Sheriff Doyle's promise to
use tear gas bomb il any action was
taken.
After working the townsfolk up to
fever pitch, Kelley is reported to
have said: For Gods sake, don't
lynch that niger in the morning.
You know I work for an afternoon
paper and so | want you to lynch
him afternoon, if you are going to do
it."
The cause of all the excitement
was Sam Green, 14-year old house
boy, who is said to have confessed
to the ax-murder of his two white
employers, because he was afraid
that he would be whipped for having
lost a shotgun he had borrowed. AL
though he named several colored
men, and one white man as his ac-
completes, little eredence is put in.
his story, although those named have
been arrested.
A striking fact concerning the un-
usual action taken when the reporter
was arrested, was the statement Of
the District Attorney that the stories
which said lynching was in the
making here, constituted "libel." APP
parently the fact that a lynching
might have taken place was neglig-
ible, and only the possibility that
Mississippi's fair name" might be
besmirched was considered as the re-
porter's crime.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1931-05-21
RACE HATE MAY
FORCE NEGRO TO
BECOME RADICAL

CHICAGO. = Opposition of the
white race to accepting the Negro as
an equal partner may compel the
Negro to turn radical" DR.. Alain
l.. Locke, of Howard University, de-
clared last week in one of the AL
den-Tuthill lectures delivered at the
University of Chicago.
According to DR.. Locke, the Ne
gro has made great gains in the
achievement of internal solidarity
and recognition.
Ellis advancement has been at a
much slower rate toward economic
opportunity and civic Justice" he
said.
I'm consequence" he added, "the
thinking Negro today is becoming
more critical-minded.
If absolute racial equality is frus-
trated, DIR. Locke declared there will
be involved a forced break with
one or more of the three great forms
of American life, Christianity, Amer
icanism and capitalism.
Most Negro leaders, he said, re-
gard refuge offered by the Reds, as
only a desperate last resort.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1931-05-21
Philadelphia Now
Has The Largest
Negro Population

WASHINGTON, D. C.-(By Kelly
Miiler) The census of 1920 showed
a shift of half million Negroes
from the South to the North. This
unparalleled Northward drift was at
tributable to the World war and its
immediate aftermath. The withdraw
al of millions of workmen from
mines, mills and factories created a
vacuum which the Southern Negro
rushed in to fill. The inevitable ces-
sation of immigration due to war
conditions still further increased the
Negroes industrial opportunity. But
after the slack of the early twenties,
it was generally supposed that the
Northern movement would not only
be lessened in volumn, but that
recurrent tide would actually set
in. No one supposed that the North
ward movement of the war decade
would be duplicated in the SUISSE
gnent decennium. But present in
dications of the census bulletins, now
flying from the census office like
autumn leaves from the trees, indi-
cate that the Northern gain in the
Negro contingent from twenty to
unity Will lar tIdllSCeHu Inat from
ten to twenty. So far these bulle-
tins on racial statistics have been
devoted mainly to the Southern
states. While such states as Geor-
gia, South Carolina and Virginia
have shown surprising decline in Ne
gro population, this decline is to
considerable extent overbalanced by
Mississippi. Florida and North Car
DINA, the tar heel state showing the
amazing increase in the Negro pop
ulation by a margin of one hundred
and fifty-five thousand. The cause
of the rapid falling off in certain
Southern states is obvious. The
drought and agricultural depression
have caused many Negroes to flee
from threatened starvation.
Continued on Page Two.)
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1931-05-21
Negro Author Of Now | Am Civilized Is
Efficient Houseboy In California Mansion

PASADENA, Calf. = 81 should
have busted that table yesterday
pardon me a moment while | feed
the goldfish" The speaker, slim
30-year-old Negro, is the very eff
Gent houseboy at the palatial resi-
dence of Mr.. and Mrs. William M.
Keek, 795 Oak Knoll Circle. His
wealthy employers are still unaware
that the man who has served them
courteously for more than a year
is Eugene Henry Huffman, author,
dramatist and intellectual leader of
his race in California.
Huffman's book, Now | Am Civ
ilized," a satire on the white mans
civilization, is being distributed by
a Los Angeles publishing house. It's
frank, yet humorous discussion of
increasing liaisons in this country be-
tween whites and blacks has caused
the Ohio State Journal to demand
the books suppression.
Refusal of the whites to tell the
truth about their own people, or al
low others to tell it, has made it i'm
possible for any great artists like
Shakespeare to be developed in the
United States" he asserted.
Found in Kitchen
When discovered in the kitchen of
the keclS home, TODAY, Huffman hes
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1931-05-21
Only An-Negro Town In North Carolina
CobbIed Up By Whites Aided By Negro

During these years, Pinehurst was
established and incorporated just six
miles west of Southern Pines, Aber-
deem four miles south, and Manley
two miles to the northwest, leaving
Jim Town in the center, embracing
an area of about two miles square.
No Police Protection; Crime
Increased
As the population increased, il
followed as the tail follows the kite.
that crimes increased. 1t became
very unsafe to travel in Jim Town
especially at night. From 1915 to
1928, ten or more people were killed
in Jim Town. We had no police
protection and we would have to go a
distance of II miles to get an off
Ger TO make an arrest.
Town Incorporated; All Colored
Officials
Hence in 1923, we were advised
by the leading white men of South
ern Pines to have our seeti o n
incorporated So, like the slave wish
ing to please his master, we forth
with sought and procured the serv-
ices of Hon. J. Talbot Johnson, at
torney, who presented the bill be-
fore the legislature and that body
saw fit to grant US a charter Of in
Continued on Page 81
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1931-05-21
Negro Business League
To Meet In New York

NEW YORK.-Departing from its
usual custom of holding the annual
convention in August, the National
Negro Business League will meet
this year in New York City, June
81, %, 23 and "a.
The general theme for this years
convention will be '1nter-racial CO.
operation in Business" and the
speakers program reads like a
who's Who" of American Business.
A special conference of buyers
and business managers of Negro
schools, hospitals and restaurants
will be one of the features of the
convention. At this conference
problems of large-scale buying, in
Guiding testing and classifying mer-
chandise and material will be thor
oughly discussed by men who are
specialized buyers for various pro-
ducts.
The last days session on We'd
nesday, June "a, will be an appro-
pirate program in connection with
the formal opening of the New York
office of the National Negro Bus
mess League.
At meeting last week the New
York officers of the National
League, including Fred r. Moore,
John E. Nail, Miss Eva D. Bowles,
Lester A. Walton and DIR. C. H. To-
bias, met with DIR. R. r. Motion, pres
ident of the League, and A. L.
Holsey, secretary of the League to
map out plans for the convention.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1931-05-21

itated to reveal his identity,
81 worked for some time in Holly
wood at Villa Carlotta, which is men,
toned in Queer People, and when
the manager heard | was trying to
write he fired me, saving there were
enough writers among the tenants
and he would have to draw the line
at hiring any temperament"
The only California Negro to write
and publish a book thinks he was
born in Mississippi, but is not quite
certain. "You see, my mother died
when | was Is months of age" he
explained. After being graduated
from grammar school in Pensacola,
Fla, he lived in New Orleans, later
going to Oakland, where he attend
ed high school at night, finally COM
plotting his formal education at Nc
Kinley High School, Los Angeles,
also at night.
my real education was picked up
while working as cook, Pullman por-
ter, butler and chauffeur, and read
ing books in places where | worked"
Student Unembittered
When it comes to discussing racial
inequalities and prejudice, Huffman
is frank, but entirely unembittered
The Civil War is over, but the
Continued on Page 81
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1931-05-21
Major J. E. Spingarn
Defends Negro Masonry

AMENlA, N. Y.-Maior J. f..
Spingarn. president of the National
Association for the Advancement of
Colored People, and donor of the
Spingarn Medal, given each year to
an American Negro for meritorious
achievement, was h e principal
speaker at banquet held in this
village by the local lodge (white) of
Masons. The banquet was in honor
of the 150th anniversary of Nhe
Grand Lodge white) of Masops Of
New York State, an honor observed
during the week by all subordinate
lodges throughout the State.
Instead, however, of lauding the
birth of the supreme body of mason
ry in New York State, Major Spin
earn chose as his theme. "The Legit-
macy of Prince Hall Masonry" The
speaker deelaIed that as he interpret
ed the history of masonry in Ameri-
ca, the contention of Negro masons
that Prince Hall Masonry was the
only lawful masonry here was just
as well sustained, and perhaps, bet
ter. than that made by white ma
sons that it was not.
The major preceded this declara-
ton by recounting an outline of the
birth of masonry among Negroes.
The relation WAS considered inter
esting by the assemblage, for it was
a subject NJ any of the members had
never before heard discussed.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1931-05-21
CENSUS OF 1890 REVEALS Shift
OF RACE FROM SOUTH TO NORTH
Longshoreman In
Parade With Mayor

NEW YoRK.-Last Saturday
was field day for Mayor Jimmy"
Walker. His Honor headed up
the police parade, taking all the
imelight from the police commits
sioner, as they led 5000 coppers
up Broadway from the Battery to
65th Street, a distance of five
miles.
From nearly every side street
some person attempted to APP
proach and greet Mayor Jimmy"
Finally, out of Prince Street
popped a colored longshoreman,
Clarence Hines, of 900 w. 54th
Street, who waved an American
flag and said he had laid off just
to tell the Mayor howdy.
Mr.. Hines was as happy as a
child when Mayor Walker grasped
ard shook his hand, and allowed
Hines to walk along with him and
Commissioner Mulroony for near
ly a block, at the head of New
York's Finest"
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1931-05-21
James Andrews Named
Deputy U. S. Marshal

NEW YORK.-James C. Andrews,
county committee of the 21st As
sembly District, and proprietor of
one of the most popular cigar stores
and newsstands in Harlem, was APP
pointed a deputy United States mar
shall for the southern district of
New York on Monday.
Mr.. Andrews is a native of Jack
sonville, Fla, but has been resi-
dent of New York for thirty years.
He is active in the Appomattox Re
publican Club, and in several frater-
nal organizations.
Mr.. Andrews first assignment on
his new job was to take Nicky Arm
stein and six other prisoners from
the Federal prison on West 10th
street to court for arraignment on
a robbery charge.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1931-05-21
TO
DEFEND ACCUSED
PULLMAN PORTER

NEW Y0RK.-The Brotherhood
of Sleeping Car Porters will defend
J. E. Smith, Pullman porter, accused
of annoying a white woman passen-
ger and assaulting a conductor on a
train enroute from Lake Placid,
April 20. A. Philip Randolph de-
clared this week.
Smith was released on bail of
$4,000 and returned to New York.
Had Good Record
Although Smith is a young man
of splendid character with a good
record, the company interviewed to
increase the bail when the Brother
hood attorney made application for
its reduction. The porters, says Or
ganizer Randolph, resent this since
they felt that in view of the good
record of Smith, the Pullman Com
pany should have secured his imme-
date release from the Jail instead
Ct trying to keep him in it. Porter
Smith is 81 years old and comes
from Washington, ID. c., and has a
splendid family in New York.
The whole difficulty arose when
fish, struck Porter Smith after &C
cusing him of being drunk and an
noying a white woman in her berth,
which Smith denied. When the con-
ductor struck Smith he began fight
ing back and six or eight white men
attacked him. He, however, sue
cessfully held them at bay until the
State troopers boarded the train and
took Smith into custody.
The white woman whom Smith
was accused of having attacked has
made no charge against him. He
was imprisoned and held on the
charge for such an excessive bail.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1931-05-21
Two Groups Wage
Fight To Save
Lives OF 5 Boys

NEW YORK.-The fight to save
eight teen age youths who We're
sentenced to death in the electric
chair last month when convicted in
Scottsboro, Alabama, of doubtful
case of raping two white women,
has grown to national proportions.
and has enlisted the support and aid
of liberal thinkers and organizations
all over the country.
Men and women of both races,
and from all walks of life, who are
Mortified at the threat of legally
lynehing eight boys, convicted by
mosphere of mob hatred have raj
lied to the call of tho N.A.A.C.P.,
the International Labor Defense
League, the League of Struggle for
Negro Rights, and are giving their
money and their moral support to
the fight to gain new and fair trial
for the condemned men.
Noted Leaders Join
The center of the fight is here in
New York City. where Oswald Garri-
son Willard, militant editor of The
Nation, Dudley Fields Malone, ia
nous criminal lawyer and liberal,
Theodore Driser. outstanding novel
list, Lincoln Steffens, outstanding
editor and author, Suzanne LaFol-
lette, editor of The New Freeman,
Haywood Broun, liberal Socialist and
journalist, and numerous heads Of
militant labor organizations have
joined to stir up public opinion con-
demning the biased justice of the
Alabama judge and to support the
move for new trial.
Continued on page -
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1931-05-21
SCOTTISH RITE
MASONS OBSERVE
50TH BIRTHDAY

CLEVELAND, Ohio. - The Fiji
tieth Anniversary of the union of the
various Scottish Rite organizations
among Prince Hall Masons was cele-
brated here in connection with the
three days annual session of the
United Supreme Council of the An
Gent and Accepted Scottish Rite of
Freemasonry for the Northern Jur-
isdiction, beginning Sunday.
The principal officers present
were: DIR. Sumner A. Furniss, 33rd
degree, of Indianapolis; sovereign
grand commander; GEORGE W. Craw-
ford, 33rd degree, of New Haven,
lieutenant grand commander; James
E. White, 33rd degree, of Chicago,
grand minister of state; Conwell
Banton, 33rd degree, of Whining
ton, secretary general, and William
A. Heathman, 33rd degree. of Prov
idenee, treasurer general.
City Manager Daniel f. Morgan
presented the address of welcome,
Sunday night. Mr.. George Craw-
ford of New Haven, responded.
Mr.. Williams of Pittsburgh, sug-
gested that the Supreme Council
could do nothing better than to
'Fordize" Negro history. He sug-
gested that the achievements of Ne
gro heroes should be compiled in
cheap books and placed in every
school in the country.
Davis Gives History
Harry E. Davis of Cleveland, Ohio,
gave a chronological sketch showing
the legitimacy of the F. & A. NJ.
Masons of Prince Hall affiliation of
Ohio. He not only showed the cor
rect date of the organization and es-
Establishment of African Lodge No. /,
Continued on Page 81
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1931-05-21
COMMUNISTS AND ASSOCIATION
DISPUTE RIGHT TO DEFEND YOUTHS
Starve Girl To Death
In Chicken Coop

IHIBODAux, La. "A nine
year-old girl was forced to live
for more than month in a chick
en- coop without food except when
she succeeded in reaching out and
catching live chicken, il was re-
vealed here when charge of muir
der was made against Dave and
Caledonia Griffin.
Death was pronounced due to
starvation and continued weather
exposure, by the coroner's jury.
During the inquest it was brought
out that the child's only food was
the live chickens, which she was
forced to tear open and eat. Tho
couple could give no reasons for
their treatment of their adopted
daughter.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1931-05-21
MERGED BANKS
IN LOUISVILLE
CLOSE DOORS

LOUISVILLE. ky.-The Mutual
Standard Bank collapsed here when
it failed to meet the days clearing
house accounts and was closed by the
State Bank Commission for liquida-
ton. Friday.
The economic depression, steady
Withdrawals with no deposits COM
ing in, was blamed by officials of
the bank for the crash.
Failure Causes Gloom
The closing of the institution
caused pail of gloom to settle over
the eoored business district, al
though MANY knew the bank was
fighting with its back against the
wall.
The Mutual Standard Bank, which
was merger of the First Standard
Savings Bank and the American
Mutual Savings Bank. opened its
doors in January after the two insti-
buttons had been closed since No.
vember II Of last year.
The first closing of the two banks
in November followed the financial
storm which caused three of Louis
yille,s largest white banks to suspend
business. Both banks cleared
through two of the suspended white
institutions and closed their doors
voluntarily when run impended.
At that time. Joseph Ray and J.
@. Blanto, presidents of the two in
situations, stated that they had
closed to conserve their funds and
plans FOR reopenlng were started at
once.
Merger Started
Before the end of the year plans
for the merger we're announced and
with w. HI Spreading elected as
president, and Ray and Blanton,
continued ON page ID
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1931-05-21
1918 Negroes
In Oklahoma

WASH1NGTON.-The population
of Oklahoma classified by color and
sex as in the 1880 census shows that
the Negro and white populations in
creased at about the same rate, the
Negro population increased 1913 per
cent and the white population 1875
per cent.
There were in the State 2,123,434
white persons, 1918 Negroes, and
100,416 other races. The white pop
ulation shows an increase of 574,-
SAG, while the Negro population
shows an increase of 22,790.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1931-05-21
Caesar X. Blake Head
Of Shriners, Dead

CHARLOTTE, N.C.-Funeral rites
were conducted here Tuesday for
Caesar R. Blake, widely known fra
ternal leader who died in local hos
pital Saturday. He was a 33rd de-
gree Mason and Imperial Potentate
of the Ancient Arabic Order of Mys-
tic Shriners. Mr.. Blake was consid-
cred one of the wealthiest race men
in the South and achieved fame for
his successful defense of the colored
Shriners from attacks in court by
the white order.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1931-05-21
Hold Labor Agent
In North Carolina

RALEIGH, N. Charged with
attempting to recruit labor for work
in White Plains, ~ Y, A. A. Ander-
son, alleged labor agent, was arrest
ed and placed under $1,000 bail here,
Monday.
Anderson, who is also charged
with having given a laborer worth
less check in returning money paid
him for q job, was said 10 have
charged 81 for getting jobs for his
clients.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1931-05-21
Dixie Water Fountain
For Whites Only

LYNCHBURG, Va. - Colored pa
irons of the Casco Ice Plant here
are silently resenting what they term
an insult in putting a "for whites
only" sign over a drinking fountain
on their premises at Fifth and Pierce
Streets.
Recently a customer discovered
the sign when he went there to
make a purchase. He asked an off
cial of the company what provisions
had been made for colored patrons
and was told that 'niggers' can
drink out of a cup in the back there. !"
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1931-05-21
Ex-Pullman Official
Sent To Prison

CHICAGO.-Oliver f. Robinson,
one time secretary of the Pullman
Porter's Benefit Association, charged
with embezzling more than $4,000
from the organization, was found
guilty and sentenced to from one to
fourteen years in the state peniten-
.tiary at Joliet, last week.
Robinson was brought here from
New York for trial after he had
waged a stiff fight against extra
dition. Miss Leodo Young, former
secretary of the convicted official,
and who fled to her home in Kansas
when Robinson was accused of the
crime, was brought back and used
as state witness against him.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1931-05-21
Oregon's Population 2,234

Neutrality-suspicious. - Ore
CONS population according to the
1880 census, was 937,029 white per-
sons, 2,234 Negroes ,210 males
and 1,024 females-and t1,523 Of
other races.
The white population shows an in
crease of 1888 or 21.8 per cent,
while the Negro population (which
numbered 2,144 in 1920 shows an
increase of 80, or az per cent.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1931-05-21
Youngest Tobacco
Chewer Is Two

PHILADELPHIA, Pa. - James
Harrison, born March 20, 1929,
claims the record as being the
youngest tobacco chewer.
The child, who is just entering
his third year, started chewing the
weed when he was thirteen
months old and has taken his chew
daily since. He says his favorife
brand is Apple" tobacco. He
gives all the appearance of being
in the best of health.