davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-28
BRAND, Beaten in Assembly,
Still Holds Center of Stage

Aristide Brands loss OF the presi-
dency OF Trance has not meant loss Of
worldwide interest in his efforts to de-
feat extreme nationalism in Europe.
American comments give him the
center Of the stage. though opinions Of
his prospects for the future differ.
els it that BRAND speaks only for
BRAND and that France Is not in ac-
cord with him?" asks the Louisville
Courier Journal. Us II that conciiia-
ton Is at an end and that BRAND is
lone pilgrim Of peace and good will?
There is reason for such q belief" con-
! tinues that paper THE sadness of Mr.
BRAND Is not alone due to a personal
defect but to defeat of his ideals.
II so. 1t Is the reputation and prestige
Of France, not that OF BRAND. that VIII
BRAND has been condemned by his
opponents as an fnternationalist," says
the Schenectady Gazette, yet 1t has
been far better for the rest Of the
world, especially neighboring nations,
to have an internationalist at the helm
Of France than q nationalist
With anti. BRAND influences at the
helm, Europe would have been forced
to remain an armed camp. facing an
aggressive French policy"
Perhaps his failure does not mean
all it seems to mean" suggests the
Erie Dispatch Herald. Perhaps it does
not signify that the French Parlia-
ment has repudtated his policies and
his position. But that Is Just the
meaning that Is being attached to the
episode at Versailles" The Judgment
of the Cleveland Plain Dealer Is that
while men today are sufficiently en-
lightened to accelerate greatly any
movement for international brother
caution; that BRAND and his sup
porters probably have no hope Of living
to see the complete realization Of their
plans"
As to Paul Doumer, chosen President
of France, the Charleston Nv. Va) Daily
Mail points out that he has been IN
politics for period Of 43 years, has
played an inconspicuous part, his
name Is not connected with anything
important in statecraft, and he seems
to be one OF those neutral characters"
but that paper adds: do We always
select. In our national conventions, this,
strongest man? Does democracy, hav-
ing free choice, always elect the
strongest? A strong man in public life
creates many enemies and gives cause
for many antagonisms.
Observing that the name Of BRAND
will be found on most of the treaties
Of late years in which France and
other nations have pledged themselves
toward peaceful endeavor," the Port.
land Oregon journal comedies that,
unfortunately, BRAND has not been
able to effect those treaties without op-
position at home" The Des Moines
Tribune-Capital remarks: Brands
signal labors for international amity,
economic cooperation and intellectual
accord have raised anxious mems hopes
for the worlds political future. It Is
reErettable as inevitable that those
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-28
Highlights on the Wide World
Excerpts From Newspapers of Other Lands

culprits for infractions Of law. OF
those penalized with fines or imprison-
ment, 14.l04 were bicycle riders: ii ,234
were motor car drivers; 1880 draymen
and carriers, ana 282 pedestrians. From
this 1t appears that trafilc arrangements
are perhaps the chief delinquencies with
which the courts have to contend. From
all the offenses brought to the atten-
ton Of the tribunals, it is calculated
there Is more or less serious transgres-
sion every eight minutes throughout the
year. OF total of 2,673 cases brought
before the criminal courts, 319 persons
accused were acquitted. OF the re-
mainder, 81 500 were released on pay
ment OF fines, and 4,148 more through
payment Of damages to private indi-
viduals, while 1920 were remanded to
prison for longer or shorter terms, some
OF them because they did not have the
sums needed to pay their fines, while
1885 transgressors were released on
probation. with punishment RENTED
upon the condition Of future good be-
havior.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-28

the fact home to the world ct large
France recognizes no superior IN her
ability to rule over backward civi;iza-
tons and 10 govern them in the inter-
est both Of native peoples and Of the
French Republic. The French colonies,
like those of other countries. have not
been immune from local strife and po-
litical unrest. requiring the invoking
Of the iron hand. Thirty years ago we
we're experiencing that sort Of thing
in the Philippines. Eyen now Franco
has on hand in Indo-China q nation
aiist movement which appears to be
quite rs serious as the Gandhi business
IN neighboring India.
Descriptions Of the international
Colonial Exposition have not yet
brought US any inkling of the extent,
II any, to which the French arc
stressing the Importance OF their COL
onies as sources Of man power. That
the overseas dominions bulk largely in
the governments military policy is
openly acknowledged. whenever the
FTench, Is tncy are AT THIS moment,
are immersed in discussions Of naval
limitation, they insist. with that clear
ness Of logic SO essentially Gallo, that
prcponderance of destroyer and sub
marine strength is vital to the main
tenance Of Frances lines OF communi-
caticn with her colonies. Raw mate
rails and other supplies, as we'll as
troops, wouldsbe brought from colonial
territory in case of war. Interference
with their transport across and beyond
the Mediterranean would be a mat.
ter OF most momentous consequence.
Frances status as world power is
fixed nowadays to an immense degree
by the reservoir of strength. physical
and economic, which her great colonial
domain typifies.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-28

It WAS q backward dream, as he
called It. and curious one.
Most dreams are Of the present OF
future, or O sort Of curious no time
at all.
This one was definitely of the past
He dreamed that he was walking
along the Pennsylvania avenue of 1860
Y was . pleasant, country town thor
oughfare, with great shade trees, Low
buildings and the like.
AS the dreamer walked he was
pleased with what he saw.
An old three -arched house in dcer
red brick attracted him particularly.
When he woke up the dreamer had
the conviction that he had actually
seen washington In 1850.
The question Is, Did he?
Would IL be possible for human
mind to actually recreate something
which 1t had never seen?
Perhaps it might be feasible, for the
mind Is Q versatile instrument.
The dreamer had the most curious
conviction upon awakening that what
out Of old photographs. but was in
essence and fact a stroll through the
wide Avenue In bygone times.
While he could not say that the pic
lures had been sharp-etched upon his
mind. he felt that the impression OF
reality would not have been so keen
II the dream had been mere fantasy.
In the half-dazed state upon awaken
ing there had come to him clearly the
belief that what he had seen had been
the real thing.
It was q triumphant realization, and
had only been questioned when he had
come into complete consciousness.
Then the doubt arose, could he have
seen something that he had never seen
and by no possibility could have seen?
Next to the house with the three
OF large weeping willow tree which
orerhung a picket fence somewhere
along Pennsylvania avenue.
The lack of detail, of course, might
seem to speak against the reality of
the backward process: If the dream had
been authentic, of q bona fde National
Capital OF 1860, the dreamer ought to
have brought back more complete pic
lures. one might think.
Yet what does one bring away with
him from any casual stroll through a
strange city? 1t is Questionable wheth-
er waking impressions are any more
sharply engraved on the memory.
Some people have a keen grasp of
such features and afterward can tell
you everything they saw. Others
scarce can name a detail. If you ask
them what they saw in New York they
will reply, "Oh, a lot of tall build
ings-and, oh, yes, the Statue of Lib
erty!"
Dreams always have been a fasci-
mating part Of life. One hesitates to
say OF the mental life, for often enough
they impress one as having little, il
anything, to do with the mentality.
In the ancient days dreams were
held to be species of visitations, and
their Interpretation played large part
In the life of human beings, especially
of those in power. It was the Begin
ming of the adage, THE bigger they
are the harder they fall"
II King had q dream he call-d
In his soothsayers. And can there be
any doubt, human nature being what
it Is. and what 1t always has been,
evidently. that the interpreters rad"
the dreams to please their lords and
masters? Sometimes they didn't, of
course, as Bible stories tell US.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-28
The Police Get Busy.

In raids Of the last few days the po
lee have resorted TO strategy with q
double purpose In view. II the lsgal.t,
Of the raids can be established, the pcs.
sibiiities Of future action are suggested
by Capt. Burke's statement that there
are fully hundred places in the frs
precinct alone subject to similar mode
Of attack. II the raids are thrown cut
Of court as "warrantless" in fact as wei
rs IN law, the police will have given the
city a graphic illustration, embellishec
BY shrieking sirens and other spectacu.
lar war maneuvers, Of the futility oil
seeking TO circumvent one set of Law.
IN order to enforce the provisions OF
others.
; The validity Of the raids will hinge
upon the ability Of the United States
attorney to show that the places raidec
were places Of business which the
police, without resort to subterfuge. had
. legal right to enter. II the legality OF
entrance Is established, the right to
make subsequent arrests and seizures
win probably stand. This, Of course, Il
Egely one view Of the legal aspects OF
the present cases Nobody can forecast
either the judicial Interpretation of the
/ mass Of law on search and seizure now
written. and no attempt Is here made
of course. to present the actual facts
upon which the court must act The
police procedure was that headquarters
detectives. In search of some one wanted
for questioning. obtained entrance "a
several establishments and, finding there
there an alleged violation Of law, called
In the police raiders. Arrests and
seisure Of the evidence followed.
The raids have followed CLOSELY ON
the heels Of several violent crimes as
ISOLATED in the public mind, at least.
with the activities Of gangsters and
racketeers. The police have denied
there IL any widespread eangster actiy-
ity In Washington now. But they real
izs as well As anybody else that speak
easies and gambling establishments are
breeding places for rackets and organ
Ia crime. ana II ganGsterism Is to be
prevented in Washington the FIRST ster
Is 70 wipe out the reason for its exist
encs and future growth.
Capt. Burke's statement that a hun
dred places are operating in hts pre-
circt alone In violation OF the law, with
the obvious deduction that the police
are powerless to do anything about it,
IN an amazing admission on his part,
but most valuable because Of its source.
Capt. Burke Is . sincere and efficient
ofacer. II there are a hundred places
known TO the police to be operating
in downtown Warrington in violation
Of The Law. and against which the po-
lice are powerless, comparable statis-
tics on other precincts should follow
II the police are licked. they might as
we'll be frank enough now to call for
the reinforcement that viii follow q
full understanding. on the part Of the
public, Of their plight.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-28
The Consent Decree.

There are se"eral things that pro-
tracted inquiry has made apparent to
everybody in the Public Utilities Com
missions consideration of the consen,
decree under which rates for electricity
are fixed In the District.
One is that should the Public Utilities
Commission decide upon some drastic
action looking to the revision or abro-
CATION Of the decree. such action should
be predicated upon the definite assur-
ance to consumers that they will gain
by the transaction. There has, as yet
been no such definite assurance.
Another is that the proposal In do
something with the consent decree has
been founded upon the contention that
the electric light company's returns
nave been excessive" and not that the
rates here are excessive. But while a
net return on an agreed valuation in
excess Of ten per cent, resulting during
prosperous year and coming as the
reward Of eficient operation, has been
deemed excessive, there is as yet no evi-
dence that it Is excessive in relation to
the returns enjoyed by other public utili-
ties furnishing electricity, nor is there a
court definition Of what constitutes an
excessive return on rates that are adj
mittedly not excessive.
Another is that current business con-
ditions and other factors are tending to
reduce the returns to the electric light
company below the returns adiudged
by the commission as excessive, but that
the returns, even though reduced, will
permit OF another reduction in rates
for electricity at the end Of the current
year.
Another Is that the electric light COM
pany, among all except one of the other
public utility concerns in washington, Is
furnishing service that brings mini
mum Of complaint from consumers, that
1t does practically all of its own work
and has not reduced its employed per-
sonnet at time when such reductions
threaten to be the rule rather than
the exception.
All Of which factors raise the question
as to the Public Utilities Commission
aim in the proceedings under way. And
all of which indicate that the time may
Tot yet have arrived when the effort
should be made to destroy q good bar
gain for the public which happens also
to have been a good bargain for the
electric light company.
If the Public Utilities Commission,
after due consideration of the consent
decree and examination of current bust
ness conditions, still feels that the de-
cree should be amended, it would seem
reasonable to believe that the best way
Of going about it would be through the
institution OF a test suit to that end,
leaving the revision Of the decree to a
court which would pass on the merits
Of the contending arguments.
No one can reasonably contend, OF
course. that the consent decree is per-
manent. fixed and never to be changed
and the Public Utilities Commission is
merely doing It's duty in looking 1t over
thoroughly and periodically TO discover
whether the time has come to amend its
terms.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-28
Consolidated School
Movement Grows
Prom the San antonio Express.

PROM the Dsn antonio Express.
Almost a century ago, in his cam
paign to reorganize the Massachusetts
common school system, Horace Mann
called attention to the unacceptable
shortcomings Of the one-room, one
perhaps originated the consolidation
idea, but he was fully IS years ahead
of his tine.
The present-day movement began
in the first decade of the twentieth
century. as an inevitable outgrowth of
motor transportation and highway de-
velopment. During the past ten years
consolidated schools have been estab-
lished at the rate OF about 900 an
nually. With striking regularity they
have followed the spread Of all-weather
roads ever the country.
AS a rule, the community that builds
paved highways is no longer content
with a little red schoolt ouse" In sup
porting q consolidation project, the
citizens generally are concerned with
something besides markets and land
values. One objective is to provide
thsir children with better educational
opportunities.
The United States once of Educa-
ton, an effective propaganda for
this movement from its beginnings
in a recent countrywide study learned
that more than half of the States now
encourage school consolid& ticn through
generous grants of money. Eight States
contribute to the building cost. the
allotment ranging from one-fourth to
one-hslf the total outlay Two States
provide allowances for equipping such
a school after 1t is established. Seven
tesn States, including Texas. share the
expense Of pupil transportation.
AS the centralized institution Is not
ony more efficient, but more econom-
zeal to operate than the one-room
schools 1t supplants, the State would
do well to encourage such improve
mentS. Thereby it would save money
in the end. For example, last year
Texas distributed S27 LAST, 900 to COM
mon schoolS-$1750 for each pupil
and an additional $2,500,00O to rural
schools. Evsn with that generous
assistance, the country schools except
in few particularly progressive coun-
ties, such as Bexar, where a system
OF standards Is applied, left much To
be desired.
Were the Legislature to spend that
$2,500,000 annually, or even 81 ,000, 900
In helping consolidated schools, the
need for rural aid speedily would dis.
appear. Or suppose that Texas had
applied s2o,o000oo for rural schools
during the past 10 years, besides the
regular apportionment, to promoting
Capitalization, would not educational
standards in the open country be APP
probably higher today?
To be sure, SO long as county's
roads are impossible for about half
the year, 1t cannot afford consolidated
schools. But. as that handicap largely
has been overcome, Texas now should
pay more attention to building up its
rural school system Indeed, If it
would remain first in agriculture the
State must adopt such Q policy.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-28

wine and received from Congress pro.
motion 70 the rank Of hriRndier NErern1
IN command Of . division q cavalry.
He later formed an independent Ccrps
Of Cavalry prd Light Infantry, kncwn
40 Palaski's Legion.
q. How many BOYS and Ksrls belonr
to 4-H C1uhs?-C. 8.
A. More than $4,000 were enrolled In
1880 This II tha laEest number that
has participated in an Club work.
O. How many cars can the tourist
camp In washington, D. c., take care
of?-H. G.
A. It's capacity is 500 cars. There
q. Do Jivaros shriveI and keep the
heads Of all their dead?--I NJ
A. These shTunken heads generally
are the heads Of enemies slain Ii
battle.
q. To what class did Kerensky be-
long?-H. =. A.
A. Alexander KerenSky was born at
Simbirsk In 1881. He was q lawyer and
Journalist and was classed rs gentle
man" In social rank. However, he early
showed q preference for the working
class Of society and practiced Is poor
mans lawyer" He was elected as q
member Of the Duma. or Russian Par
ton brought Kerensky to the front ana
he became successfully minister Of JUS
tice, minister Of war, and president Of
the provisional government. For o
time he was dominant, but discordant
factors caused the fan OF the provisional
government and Kerensky fed from
Petrograd where he attempted 70 re-
cover Russia from the Bolsheviki. He
WIS defeated and retired to Paris. He
visited the United states in 1877.
q. How old is the Guido scalea--
| w. NJ
A. This scale Of musical notation was
inyen ed by Guido d'Arczgo, an Italian
Benedictine monk, who lived from
900 TO 1850.
q. Should green beans be called
string beans or snap beans?--B. D.
A. Since the new varieties Of beans
are stTfneiess. better name for them
Is snap beans.
q. which language is older. Lstin Or
Greek?-J. r.
that Latin was profoundly Influenced
by Greek during its Development.
---1-
q. Is Gentle q Christian?-E. X.
A. The word Gentle" actually means
an alien, an outsider: It was applied
by the Jews to any, one not Of the Jew.
ish faith. The early Christians applied
the term to one either Jewish or nom
Christian. The Romans applied It a.
civil distinction to al who we're not
Roman citizens.
q. How many kinds OF elms are
there?--A e.
A. There are about 20 species known.
They are natives.of the North Temper.
ate Zone and Of the southern portions
| OF the Arctic Zone. Their southern
limits seem 20 be the Hixnaiayas in Asia
and the mountains Of Southern Mexico.
No eif1is were found native on the Pa.
cine slope Of North America.
q. What does fat acccmph signify
In diplomatic lnnguage7--J, d.
A. It denotes an event that has hap.
| pened and must be accepted or recoa.
| nized as definite. however disagreeable.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-28

pected that the Democrats will have a
real look-in 50 far as this congressional
election Is concerned.
r \ y
In 1928 the Democrats In the sew
enth Indiana congressional district
nominated and elected Louis Ludlow,
who for many years had been wash
ington correspondent for number Of
Indiana and Ohio newspapers. He was
reelected in 1880. Now, it appears,
another Indiana newspaper man, who
also has been washington correspond
ent, Is TO make the race for Congress,
Everett c. watkins Of the Indianapolis
Star Watkins, who is widely known In
Indiana, will make the race, 1t Is said,
in the new fifth district. district
which has been carved out Of the old
eleventh district in part. The eleventh
district has been represented by Albert
r. Hall. Republican, who was de-
feated last Fail by his Democratic OPP
ponent. Watkins; II he enters the race.
will run as q Republican. Ludlow Is
said now 70 have senatorial aspirations,
but he Il not likely toNtackle Senator
Jim Watson. who corfieA up for re-
election next year. but may Fait few
more years.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-28
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
By FREDERIC J. HAsKIN.

This bureau does not give advice. but
u gives free information on any subject
often, to be accurately informed Is tc
be beyond the need Of advice, and In
formation is always valuable. whereas
advice may not be. In using this serv-
ice be sure to write clearly, state youl
inquiry briefly and inclose 2-cent Stang
for reply postage. Address The Evenine
Star information Bureau. Frederic J.
Haskins. director. washington. d. G.
@. What kind Of game Is crack
aloe ?--W. d.
A. Il is a form Of gambling in which
the participants pitch coins to or toward
the ceiling IN such manner that tliey
will fall as near - possible to q crack
In the floor.
q. What corresponds to free wheeling
In an aeroplane7-c. A. o.
A. when the engine Of an airplant
IL turned OF end the plane elldes, the
result In the same as free wheeling
There Ia ccmrsny In France which
already manufactures free wheeling
propellers.
q. was Jenny Lind. the famous
singer married in this country
L. K. L
A.. Jenny Lind married Otto Gold.
schmidt In Boston in 1852.
@. Please give an estimate Of the
cost Of World war veterans rehabili-
taticn. including bonus.--D. r. @.
A. The United States Veterans Blu
reau has expended q total Of eS.s0e. 1885,.
342 for the relief Of veterans, their de.
pendents and benefciaries. OF thi'
amount $o2S.Se0, els has been dis.
bursed from allotments deducted from
service mems pay and from insurance
premiums. In addition to these dis.
bursemsnts, to May o, 1881, the bureau
has made loans direct to veterans or
their adjusted service certificates
amounting to approximately $977, 1000.
900.
O. Who was the FIRST Negro physician
In this country?--E. j. s..
A. The first Negro physician Of any
standing Of whom there Is record wal
James Derham, also o slave in Phila.
delphiA, 1857. He was taught by his
master TO compound medicines and At
tanned such skin that he was sold Il
snother doctor, who used him 90 an as.
sistant. He was enabled to purchase
his freedom and moved to New, Or.
leans, where ne Dullt up q WCrAtlVs
practice. The celebrated physician, DR.
Benjamin Rush. published an account
of Derham and gave high praise to hi,
skill. The first accredited physician
was DR.. John v. De drasse. who became
q member OF the Medical Association
Of Massachusetts, In 1884.
@. How Is the word "desuetude" pro-
u0tlnced?--L, A. s.
A. It Is pronounced Is II spelled des-
we-tude, with accent on the frsi
syllable.
O. When did the first pony express
riders start out?-W. /.
A. On April 3, 1860, the first rider,
left Sacramento, Calf, TO ride east
and st. Joseph, Mo-, to ride west.
@. Why Is the picture Of Pulaski OF
one Of our postage stanips7-R. z. Y.
A. The Post Once Department say.
that the stamp was issued In honor oi
Gen. Pulaski, because Of his heroisn
displayed in the American Revolution
In 1777 he joined Washington's Arm,
as Q volunteer. He performed dis.
tinctive service In the Battle Of Brandy.