davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Carolina watchman. [volume] (Salisbury, N.C.) 1871-1937, 1931-10-22
"A DOLLAR FOR DOLE, OR AN
HOUR OF WORK"

Among the more emphatic and impressive
presentations OF the current situation in re-
gard to unemployment appeared recently in
an advertisement written by Alvan Macauley,
president of the Packard Company, under
the above caption. 1t instantly attracted so
much attention that it has been widely re-
printed, not as advertisement, but in the news
and editorial columns of newspapers and mag
azines in order that the message it conveys
might receive more general diffusion.
herewith republish these:
Which do you prefer to give? Which do
you think labor would prefer to have? 1t is
more blessed, and better business, to give a man
an hour of work than a dollar of dole. The
former enriches the one who gives and the one
who takes. The latter may impoverish both
giver and taker for while one gets nothing for
his money, the other may lose his self-respect.
Labor does not want charity. All that it
asks is work. And work is ours to give if we
will. The very root of our unemployment
problem runs down to the unemployed dollar
the dollar that is afraid to venture forth
sometimes through fear of public opinion.
Why not out the unemployed dollar to
work? 1t will, in turn, put men to work. Why
fear to buy more than the necessities of life be-
cause of what the butcher, the baker, the can
dlestick maker may think or say?
10 buy today IS a patriotic duty, not I'M
like that of the days when we bought Liberty
bonds and won a war. We now have another
war to win-the war against unemployment
and one that touches a great many more d.
rectly and more a%cutely than did the recent
years of strife.
No one today can claim a medal for wear
ing patches when he can afford a new replace
ment. There are slackers in peace as we'll as
slackers in war. When the Stacker dollar goes
to work, men will go to work and not before.
Carolina watchman. [volume] (Salisbury, N.C.) 1871-1937, 1931-10-22
WHAT THE SOUTH SPENDS FOR
ITS SCHOOLS

The W~inston-Salem Journal has compiled
some interesting figures showing what the
South is spending for public schools.
1t shows that in the school year l929-30
eleven Southern States spent $240, 100000 for
public school maintenance. Estimates for Ken
lucky, Tennessee and Virginia, for which ex-
act figures are not available, add about $780,
100000 more and raise the total for fourteen
Southern States, including Maryland, to ap-
proximately $780, 0O, 900 a year for running
expenses alone. Expenditures for new school
buildings and other capital investments bring
the aggregate for the year to 1913, 401, 538, an
average per State of $27,100,110.
Over against this vast outlay, however, the
average expenditure per pupil enrolled was
less than half that for the nation as a whole,
the figures being $35.42 for the Southern
States and $87.22 for the entire country. This
difference closely parallels the average per
capita wealth for the two sections of the coun-
try, the figures being $1,785 for the Southern
States; 5000 for the States outside the South,
and $5,0SS as the average for the whole coun-
try. Thu range of wealth per capita is from
$1,285 in Alabama to 1888 in Nevada. The
highest in the South is S2,705 for Maryland
and the next is $3.50 for Virginia.
The total school enrolment for the fourteen
Southern States was S,559,S67, of whom g.
$4,000 were white children and 1882 O7
colored. Of the $250,ooo, 900 expended for
school maintenance by eleven of these States,
$216,718,221 was for white schools and $751;
461,959 for colored, the average expenditure
Der D11Di1 beino white ga I cOlOred 90 81
By States the per capita expenditures per pupil
enrolled, as shown by the survey, were as fol-
lows, first figures being for white and second
colored: Alabama, $3e.42 and $1,000; Arkan-
sas, $38.15 and $13.02; Florida, $57.1o and.
$14.45; Georgia, $35.S2 and $6.38; Louisiana,
$67.H and 1854; Maryland, $64.S6 and
$43.16; Mississippi, $45.34 and $5.45; North
Carolina, $4,000 and $751;; Oklahoma, 49,
Sc and $34,25; South Carolina, $60.06 and
$7.84; Texas, 1876 and $16.02.
Carolina watchman. [volume] (Salisbury, N.C.) 1871-1937, 1931-10-22
THEN AND NOW:
The Country Gentleman, reprinted
from 1870 PAPER.

A view of the situation, whether
considered in relation to agriculture,
manufacture or commerce, awakens no
hope that any branch of business will
bring very certain or large gains to
those engaged in it. .. All the rail-
ways needed (and many that are not)
are already constructed. ALI the can
ais needed (and more than will pay to
operate) are already dug. Manufacto-
ries, all that are needed, are built and
in running order. A great proportion
of our forests and prairies are subdued
and subjected to tillage, SO that we
can abundantly feed our population
and have a larger surplus than We can
sell. Skilled workmen and opera
tives work only on half or quarter
time. -. Since the flush times of the
war farms have fallen off fully one
half in price, if o more. AS to
agriculture, if attempted on the basis
of present prices, profits are simply i'm
possible. Debt has assumed ap-
palling proportions. Statistics show
that, since the depression of property,
the debts, public, corporate, municipal
and private, aggregate more than prop
erty can pay out of its return. -.
We are the victims of overabundance.
-. AS a nation we have reached the
limits of our development.
Carolina watchman. [volume] (Salisbury, N.C.) 1871-1937, 1931-10-22
RAIL EFFICIENCY

In the course Of its consideration of the
railroads application for a IS per cent in
crease in freight rates, the Interstate Com
merce Commission is to investigate standards
Of efficiency within the industry.
What the Commission will find remains to
be seen. But, as a railroad executive recently
said: "The statement will, I am sure, remain
unchallenged that, regardless of all shortcom-
ings which may be pointed out, there are no
more efficiently operated railroad systems in
existence than in the United States"
The American railroads have led the world,
not only in improving service, but in provid-
ing service at low rates. Car shortages have
been outlawed, train loadings and speeds have
been increased; new territory has been devel-
. oped; schedules Of operation have been ad-
hered to more exactly; the safety of both
passengers and employees has been advanced.
All this and more has been done while, at the
same time, cost of operation has been lower
ed. The present difficulty arises from the fact
that RECEIPTS have gone down even faster than
have operating costs, and taxes have steadily
risen.
The railroads, through their purchases, are
of vast aid in building general business pros
perity. This year their purchases of supplies
have been more than Is per cent below the
equivalent period last year, because of lower
ed earnings. The financial plight of the lines
is of the very gravest Importance to us all
a fact that should not be clouded by charges
and countercharges, and arguments over tech
n~icalities of regulation and rate making.
Carolina watchman. [volume] (Salisbury, N.C.) 1871-1937, 1931-10-22
Woman Runs 2 Homes;
Hubbies Unsuspicious

Worcester, Mass.-For more thar
two months, Mrs. Elsie Layinge, 40
managed two homes without arous.
ing the suspicious of either of he'
Husbands"
After 20 years as the wife of Hen.
ry Lavinge, the woman, mother Of Z
19-year-old daughter, secretly married
James L. Tully, cable repairman, last
June.
She then told her two mates tina,
she was taking up practical nursing
and thus was able to divide her time
between her two homes.
One day her real husband lost hi:
job as a carpenter and, for the first
time, became curious over his wife,
work as a nurse. His Investigation re-
vealed Mrs. Lavinge's double life anc
resulted in her arrest on a bigamy
charge.
Carolina watchman. [volume] (Salisbury, N.C.) 1871-1937, 1931-10-22

REDUCED EXPENDITURES
r

The American Legion, at its recent conven-
ton in Detroit, gained public good will on the
bonus question when it voted to make no fl
nancial demand on the next Congress, which
faces the task of either greatly increasing tax
cs during depressed times or reducing expens-
es to meet the government income.
President Hoover, in a public statement
thanking the Legion for its action, said that it
had set an example to all political or private
agencies seeking funds from the Federal treas
ury. He said there should be a moratorium on
demands for public funds until times improve
and that sectional interests should become Sec
ondary to the common welfare.
AS an example of the attempted raids on
the public treasury, he cited III bills intro
duced in the last Congress, all Of which were
rejected, which asked for appropriations over
a ten-year period of nearly $4,000, 900, 900.
While rejecting these amounts, the last Con-
gress appropriated some $10,2o0,00o 900, the
Carolina watchman. [volume] (Salisbury, N.C.) 1871-1937, 1931-10-22

81, 1881, 100000 bales; July 81,
1880, 100000 bales; July 81, 1929,
1~5,o53,oo0.
World consumption of foreign
grown cotton year ending July 81,
1881, 11,57S,ooo bales; July 81, 1880,
100000 bales; July 81, 1929, 49,
100000 bales.
During the period of Farm Board
operations through cotton co-opera-
tive associations, world consumption
of United States grown cotton drop
ped 4,146,oOO bales, while world con-
sumption of foreign grown cotton has
increased $4,000 bales. The largest
increase in foreign grown cotton con-
sumption was the year following the
creation of the Farm Board. Season
ending July 81, 1929, was the last
year of open markets in the United
States without Government interfer-
ence.
There are approximately 165,ooo,-
900 cotton spindles in place in the
world, 35,ooo,ooo of which are in the
United States.
All during the period listed above.
foreign grown cotton has been free tc
move to market through unobstruct-
ed channels, while United States grown
cotton in its movement to consumers
has been obstructed by pegging at IL
cents, by future market manipulation
and by an extensive and expensive
sterilization scheme. AS a result Unit
ed States grown cotton has suffered
heavily in the loss of markets to the
benefit of foreign growths of cotton
This shows that the trouble in this
country is not entirely due to 'over-
production"
w, M. HARDY,
Carolina watchman. [volume] (Salisbury, N.C.) 1871-1937, 1931-10-22

HOW MUCH WHEAT IT TAKES
TO PAY A CONGRESSMAN.
:: = =
To the Editor:
Ado you believe that Congress is
really going to do any legislating that
will bring relief to American farm
ers?
Dwell, l look at the perplexing
problem about as the Western farmer,
who said: II have precious little con
fdence in the sincerity of those men,
bers of Congress who preach SO loudly
in connection with so-called farm leg
islation. At the time that the members
of Congress were receiving salaries of
$500 each or $500 bushels of wheat
we sold our wheat at a dollar a bush
ell. 1t required 3,9s25oo bushels of
wheat to pay Congressional salaries for
one year. W. sold our wheat this year
at Is cents on the farm, which means
that each year each member of Cong
ress is paid 10000 bushels of wheat
for his services. I claim the pay is too
high. 1t requires 21,24o,o00 bushels
of wheat this year to pay the salaries
of members of Congress. In other
words, the pay of Congress now is
17,257,5oO bushels of wheat more
than it was when the salaries were fix
ed at $500. l earnestly believe that
the farmer is the goat, and will not
have much confidence in, that body
until it's members show some sincerity
in reducing their salaries to be in har-
mony with other prices"
AN OBSERVER.
Carolina watchman. [volume] (Salisbury, N.C.) 1871-1937, 1931-10-22
NORTH CAROLINA Z.
WEEKLY REVIEW

The following record of industrial
activity lists items showing invest
ment of capital, employment of labor
and business activities and opportuhi-
ties: 81
Warren-S5,21S pounds of tobacco
sold to recent date on floors of three
local warehouses.
Walnut Cove-New bank opened
to public.
Southport-A & P. Tea Co. may
open stor, lot Ms city.
Franklin-New bridge over Little
Tennessee River on State Highway
No. 2S5 opened to traffic.
Smithfeld-Bennie Davis will open
ladies' ready-to-wear store in building
being erected by Walter J. Huntley
on South Third street.
Lumberton-Joe Mccarthy & Sons
received $4,000 contract to erect
new post office building.
Dunn-Rose's 5, 10 and 25c store
opened for business.
Raleigh-State Prison Board ap-
proved architects plans for new cen
trail prison plant adjacent to Polk
Prison farm to cost. approximately
$%250,ooo.
Southern Pines-Mrs. A.. R. CHS.
we'll opened bakery and refreshment
room in Burgess Block on East Broad
street.
NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. tobacco sales
on local market at end of recent week
reached 9,2S4,507 pounds, which sold
for $1,215,S72, an average of $13.09
per hundred.
Observation-Disclosures F. Perry,
contractor for new post office, will
start work Don on building.
Lexington-City Fuel Co. establish
ed here recently.
Watauga Falls-Construction pro-
crossing rapidly on Watauga Hospital
building.
Paving completed on last section of
Highway No. $50 between Salisbury
and Mooresville.
Leexington-Young's Theatre, N.
Main street, being reconditioned.
Lenoir-1mperial Theatre improved.
Edenton-Bids received for con-
struction of new school building for
colored people of this town and Chow
an county.
NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. underway or
new filling station to be erected by At.
lantic Refining Co. on old county jai
cite, South Main street and East Harp
er yer
Morganton-Women's Club hele
flower show in Kiwanis Hall recently
High Point-New unit completed
to furniture factory of Williams Nor
ris Co. -.
Lenoir-One-srory building being
erected on Efrd property, West Ave
nue..
Raleigh-State Highway Commits
sion authorized Chairman E. B. Jefress
to purchase 100000 worth of addi-
tional highway eAipment.
Observation-Disclosures of local streets
to be improved.
Star-Star Hosiery Mills, Inc, run
ming full time operations.
Carolina watchman. [volume] (Salisbury, N.C.) 1871-1937, 1931-10-22

largest peace-time assessment ever levied
against the people by a single session of Con-
gress.
The people should demand that political or
private interests, groups or associations, should
refrain from asking the taxpayers for unusual
expenditures at this time. Furthermore, the
people should demand that Congress cut ap-
preparations to the bone before considering tax
increases which, in the last analysis, all come
out of the pocket of the ultimate consumer.
Carolina watchman. [volume] (Salisbury, N.C.) 1871-1937, 1931-10-22
THE MAN WIG WILL WIN

Give me the man who holds on when Others
let go; who pushes ahead when Others turn
back; who stiffens up when others retreat,
who knows no such word as can't or give up;
and | will show you a man who will win in
the end, no matter who opposes him, no mat
ter what obstacles confront him.
%. S. Mardeu.
Carolina watchman. [volume] (Salisbury, N.C.) 1871-1937, 1931-10-22
YOUTH, II, Awaiting
Test AS Air Pilot

Asheville, N. C.-Brian Sanborn
II, looks forward to his eighteenth
birthday, with interest.
That's the day he'll be examined
for his ability to fly. He thinks he'll
pass, too, for he has had $50 flights
alone, and about thirty-fve hours
aloft. -.
All these were taken in a plane he
rebuilt with the help of his 15-year-
old sister.
His father, and yes even his mother,
have flown with him.
Carolina watchman. [volume] (Salisbury, N.C.) 1871-1937, 1931-10-22
BABY BORN WITH TEETH

Chicago.-The new daughter of
Mr.. and Mrs. Thomas F. Collins ere
ated considerable excitement in South
Shore Hospital because she was born
already equipped with three teeth.
Carolina watchman. [volume] (Salisbury, N.C.) 1871-1937, 1931-10-22
WHAT'S THE MATTER WITH
COTTON?

WHATS lf1E MIA LEN Will
COTTON?
= = \
To the Editor:
On every side now we hear the
question, "Why is the price of cotton
so low?" In attempting to truthfully
answer such questions it would be
proper to consider the following tg-
ures released by the international Cot
ton Federation, and commented on by
the Cotton Trade Journal, New Or
leans. This will show that the trouble
in this country is not entirely due to
"ovR-production:"
World consumption of United
States grown cotton, year ending July
Carolina watchman. [volume] (Salisbury, N.C.) 1871-1937, 1931-10-22
The
WATCHMAN
TOWER

DR.. Howard Omwake,
President Catawba College,
Salisbury, N. C.
My dear Mr.. Omwake:
May l extend to you a warm well
come to our city.
Salisbury is proud of Catawba COL
lege. 1t is an asset educationally, spir-
itually, and financially. 1t is an inspira-
ton. 1t has a certain high-toneness
about it that is excelled by no college
its size.
Under your leadership and guidance
I am confident it will continue its fine
work of developing and making better
men and women.
GOVERNOR MATTHEW Rowan.
Carolina watchman. [volume] (Salisbury, N.C.) 1871-1937, 1931-10-22
Mrs. Walter H. Woodson,
President Needlework Guild,
Salisbury, N. C.

Mrs. Walter H. Woodson,
President Needlework Guild,
Salisbury, N. C.
My dear Mrs. Woodson:
l desire to congratulate you and
your organization upon your success
full campaign in securing 1900 gar
ments for distribution among the
needy this winter in our county,.
l have followed the entire campaign
with interest. The cooperation and
generous support given you and your
organization in the campaign was
commendable. 1t shows the genuine
temper of the citizens of our city and
county.
The splendid success of the drive
was largely due to your own untiring
efforts and those of your organization.
On writer of Scripture said the
greatest thing in the world was char
ity. know of no higher type of char
ity than that sponsored by your Guild
GOVERNOR MATTHEW Rowan.
Mr.. Johnny Branch,
Chapel Hill, N. C.
My dear Johnny:
read with much regret of your dis
missal from the university football
squad for breach of the training rules
| have no desire to criticize you o
Coach Collins. l hope, along with
many other thousands, the action will
be rescinded and you will be reinstat.
ed.
You, it appears, like other confuse
of their trade, have gone astray.
could cite numerous instances to Prov
the comparison. Bur most of thes'
have staged a comeback. l hope 20,
will follow in their footsteps.
Football squads in North Carolina
have furnished only one Johnny
Branch. Your like is born about every
so years. A career so brilliant should
not end SO abruptly.
| believe the entire matter lies in
your hands. | am wondering what you
will do about it.
GOVERNOR MATTHEW Rowan.
Carolina watchman. [volume] (Salisbury, N.C.) 1871-1937, 1931-10-22

Subscribe to The Waterman.
Carolina watchman. [volume] (Salisbury, N.C.) 1871-1937, 1931-10-22

To trust is to be certain; to hope
implies a doubt. .
Carolina watchman. [volume] (Salisbury, N.C.) 1871-1937, 1931-10-22
COM MENTS

HOW MUCH WHEAT IT TAKES
TO PAY A CONGRESSMAN.
Evening star., 1931-05-10
BUCKEYE ATHLETES
NOSE OUT BADGERS
Ohio State Takes Annual
QuadranguIar Games by
11-6-Point Margin.
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
"HICAGO, May 8. - Ohio
States track and field
~ squad, scoring in every
event but one, today won
the annuaf quadrangular meet
after a hammer -and-tongs battle
with wisconsin at Stagg Field. The
Buckeyes piled up 74la points to
73 1-6 for the Badgers. Chicago
and Northwestern accounted for
Is and Is 1-3 points, respectively.
After an upset victory by North
western in the one-mile relay apparently
had ruined Chio's chances of winning
the meet, Smith and Goldstein took
second and third in the javelin. the final
event, to give the Buckeyes the needed
points
The meet was hotly contested all the
way and the result of almost every event
caused the lead to change. Ohio was
not accorded much chance in the
iavelin. but the second and third points
Offset wisconsin's victory in the event.
Jess Fazekas and Jack Keller gave
Ohio State two victories each, the for
nner winning the 100 and 22o yard
dashes, and Keilc- taking both hurdle
events in easy style.
Rupert Beetham. jr., and Bill Bloor,
Buckeye middle distance men, helped
the Ohio cause, while Wisconsin de-
pended on huge strength in the field
events and two-mile run to piece out
its scoring.
Ohio State won seven first places and
tied for first in another. while Wisconsin
took five firsts and did not fail to
score in a single event. The Badgers
took all four places in the shotput, in
which Sammy Behr, Big Ten champion,
tossed the ball 43 feet Ga inches, and
was followed by Kabat, Simmons and
Gnabah.
Chicago's only first place was won by
Gale Let's, who won the 440-yard dash
in O:54.4 seconds, and Northwestern
took two, the relay and Tommy WarrsS
easy victory in the pole vault.
Evening star., 1931-05-10
D C. LACROSSE TEAM
LOOKING TO CONTEST
Will Play Hopkins 0lympics Here
on May 23-Many Capable
Players on Squad.

washington's lacrosse team, only re-
Gently organized and looking to big
things in the future, is anticipating
its game that will be played with the
Johns Hopkins Olympics here on May 49,
The Washington players, including
many stickmen Of much experience, are
working out three times a week. and
will be able to put well-drilled twelve
On the field by the time the Olympics
are met
Twenty-six players. half Of them for
mer University of Maryland stickmen,
are on the squad.
Among those striving for positions
are:
Zalesak. Losne, Holloway, Crosth-
waite, Snyder, Compton, Hammerlund,
Grad, Doerr, Burton, Kline, Crantz,
Henry and Roone. Maryland; Miller,
Wardell and Kaufholtz Johns Hopkins
Sharpe, Brown. Dodson, Navy; Lucas,
CINCINNATI; Berry. George Washington;
Roach, New York o.; Juster, George
town: Clark, st. Johns; Shanks,
Pennsylvania, and Cory, Hyattsville
High.
Evening star., 1931-05-10
Contests Listed
For SchoOlbOys
Tomorrow.

Tomorrow.
Alexandria High vs. Eastern
(base balll at Eastern Stadium, $3.50
Dewitt VS.. Central (tennis) at
Congressional Country Club. $3.50
o'clock.
st. Adams VS.. Mount st. Joseph
(base balD at Baltimore.
Tuesday,
Eastern VS.. Western (base balD
at Eastern Stadium, $3.50 O'Clock
public high school championship
game).
Eastern VS.. Western Ctennis) pub
lie high school championship match.
Dewitt VS.. st. Johns ttennis),
Congressional Country Cub, $3.50
o'clock.
Wednesday.
Tech VS.. Maryland Freshmen (base
BALI at College Park, 4 O'Clock.
Central US. Emerson (base balD
at Monument Grounds, $3.50 o'clock.
Western VS.. Maryland Freshmen
(tennls) at College Park, O'Clock.
Thursday.
st. Adams VS.. Georgetown Prep
(base balD at Garrett Park.
Dewitt VS.. Takoma-Silver Spring
High (tennis) at Congressional Club.
Friday.
Business VS.. Central (bsse balD
a. Eastern Stadium, $3.50 o'clock
public high school Championship
game).
Gonzaga VS.. Western (base balD
1T Monument GROUNDS, $50 O'Clock.
Dewitt VS.. Friends (tennis) ac
Congressional Country Club, $3.50
O'Clock.
Dewitt in national golf inter-
sci1olastics at Greenwich, Conn.
Saturday. ...
&C" Club track meet at Central
High Stadium. o'clock.
Tech VS.. Navy Plebes (base BALD
at Annapolis.
st. Adams VS.. Shenandoah Valley
Military Academy (baSe balD at
Baltimore City College VS.. West
ern ttennis) here.