davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-11
TELL HOW BRITISH
TREATED RUSSIAN
TIMBER WORKERS
Under Czarism They
Got SO Cents A Day
for II Hours

MOSCOW.-The Archangelsk news
paper, "Pravda Severa," publishes an
article dealing with the wages and
working conditions of the Soviet tim
Der workers, and comparing them
with the wages and working condi-
ttuns of the timber workers under
czarism.
Before the revolution the timber
workers in the former Gouvernements
OF Archangelsk, Cionez, Volodga, va
roslav, Kostroma, Vladimir, Nishni-
Novgorod, Kasan, Vyatka, Perm, Ufa,
Petersburg, Pskov, etc, worked for
the British firms of Stuart, Garnett,
Brian. The conditions were fright
full The average working day was II
hours and the average daily wage
was Sc kopecks (33 cents. With this
magnificent wage the workers also
had to feed themselves. In cases
where the employers provided the
food II kopecks day were deducted
from the wages. In addition an OPP
pressive system of fines obtained. So
cial insurance was absolutely I'M
known.
The newspaper then describes the
housing conditions of the timber
workers, using material published in
1912 by the "Holzindustriellen Rund-
schau," and material given at the
congress of the timber industrialists
in the same year. The huts, better
novels. in which the men lived, were
built of logs covered with twigs. The
bare earth was the floor. They were
low, gloomy and griined with dirt
and smoke. AS result of the fear
full conditions, sickness was wide
spread, however, and there was no
medical assistance available
"Pravda Severa" points out that at
that time no English newspaper pro-
tested against these inhuman condi-
tons. The English press waited until
the Soviet Government had expended
huge sums for the building Of decent,
hygienic living houses. with baths
social rooms, restaurants, reading
rooms. halls and medical ambulato-
RUINS, before they dreamed of pro-
testing. Since the English firms had
a say in the matter the working and
living conditions of the loggers and
other workers engaged in the timber
industry have experienced a radical
change for the better. and. in addi-
ton, the wages are about three times
as high as before the revolution.
"Pravda Severa" concludes by
pointing out that not everything is
yet perfect, that criticisms are still
published with a view to securing still
further Improvements, but that the
exploiters should keep their mouths
shut. The descriptions published in
the English press of the alleged con-
ditions of the timber workers of the
Soviet Union give rise to the suspicion
that the mental prostitutes of the
capitalist press have taken the old
material describing the conditions I'M
der the rule of English capital and
presented it as picture of present
day conditions.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-11

employed Council or union head
quarters. About thousand started
down University Place to Fourth
Street to the headquarters of the
Downtown Council of the Unem-
ployed at 81 East Fourth Street,
On the way, placards demanding
Work or Wages, demanding passage
of the Workers Unemployment In
surance Bill, calling all to support
the coming dress strike, etc. were
raised. At the head of the pa
rade was a placard: "All war funds
must go for relief" The procession
grew rapidly in numbers, and grew
in militancy. After singing "Hold
the Fort" it began to chant in uni
son, "We want work or wages
we want work or wages"
At Manhattan Lyceum, 81 East
Fourth ST., the head of the parade
stopped, as though to enter the hall
there, and the street rapidly filled
from curb to curb, all the way back
to q East Fourth Street, with the
rest of the crowd pressing on. Sim
ultaneously, hundreds of the jobless
began shouting: "On to city hail."
and like river in flood the whole
crowd pressed on. A score of them
who had no placards snatched Red
flags from the street construction
piles; in fact, they took nearly ev-
cry Red Flag from that point on.
Red Flags
Led by Red Flags and the pla-
cards, and singing Solidarity" and
again yelling for Work or Wages,
the procession swept all obstacles
aside, violated all traffic rules, and
went on down Fourth Street to Sec
ond Avenue, down Second Avenue,
to Houston, over ON Chrystie st.,
growing steadily as the jobless
along the way swung into line,
across to the Bowery, down on the
Bowery, still growing, to Worth ST.,
over on Worth to Center St., past
the court buildings, where a mighty
booing was given the institutions
of capitalist justice, and on to the
city hall.
| 1t was spectacular demonstra-
tion through the working class sec
ton, and workers families leaned
from tenement windows all the
way to cheer.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-11
March From Union Square to
City Hall Rallying Thousands

The demonstration ended with a
spontaneous march or city hall.
Daily Worker volunteer reporters
counted $500 marching down the
center, of the streets, in ranks APP
proximately ten wide, waving pla-
cards, waving Red flags snatched
from the street construction on the
way, brushing aside the patrolmen
who tried to stop it at the street
crossings, shouting nightly, eve
want work or wages" eve want
work or wages" singing "Solidar-
ity," and Hold the Fort, for We
Are Coming" The parade took the
police by surprise, and as each pa
trolman was swamped on the way,
down he rushed for telephone to
yell for help.
AS the head of the procession
reached the municipal building
across the street from city hall,
the Trade Union Unity Council rep
resentative met it. There were
swarms of police massed at the city
hall with mounted police ready to
charge, and emergency wagons with
machine guns and tear gas already
rushing down. The Trade Union
Unity Council representative then
sent word through the ranks to
disperse and avoid massacre Of
the jobless by the police.
The demonstration being sponta-
neous, had no organized defense
corps or other arrangements for
effective resistance, and the Trade
Union Unity Council, while it rec
ognized the splendid display of mil
itancy on the part of the workers,
took the stand that to carry the
march further without organization
would result in unnecessary club
bing and perhaps the shooting OF
the unprepared jobless.
| 1--WE Want Work or Wages"
The march started when all the
speakers announced at the Unior
Square meeting that the workers
and jobless workers should report
Immediately to their respective I'm.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-11
MASSACHUSETTS GOVERNOR REJECTS
DEMANDSFOR UNEMPLOYMENT RELIEF

BOSTON, Mass, Feb. 10. - More
than 1000 workers demonstrated here
for jobless insurance yesterday.
At least two thousand staged a
hunger march from the bandstand
ON Boston Common to the State
House and were still demonstrating
at pm.
Thousands more were demonStrat-
ing in Haverill, Lawrence and other
towns near Boston at a late hour yes
terday afternoon.
Governor Ely reelected the relief
demands made by committee Of un-
employed workers and police then
began a ferocious attack ON the de-
ronstration. sa. a. ORE, r.
The workers fought back, rescuing
many prisoners from the police, but
at least fourteen were arrested, in
Guiding N. Kaplan and H. fairfield.
CLEVELAND. O., Feb. 10. - Five
thousand demonstrated here for the
bill today and another thousand in
Newcastle, Pa.
The Cleveland workers marched in
three parades to the Public Square
in the midst Of. freezing weather and
a snow storm. They sent q telegram
to Washington, backing the Workers
Unemployment Insurance Bill and the
delegation there. A hundred work.
ers who had been trying to get jobs
at the Fisher Body employment agen-
cy ate free in restaurants, and after
ward rode the cars free There we're
many Negro marchers. The marchers
directed traffic.
NEWBURGH. N. Y. Feb. 10.-Be-
tween 300 and 400 enthusiastic work.
ers demonstrated here in front of the
Cit yHall for jobless insurance yes
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-11

watched.
Governor Cross was forced to re-
ceive the delegation, led by VIM.
Schneiderman, spokesman; Edward
Mrasco, Fred Prebor, Mike Gluchow-
ski, j Huntington. The demands in
cluded $1o,0oO,o00 appropriation for
immediate relief and the adoption of
the Unemployment Insurance Bill.
The governor evaded the demands
hypocritically and promised to study
them. The workers and the delega-
ton marched back to the Unemployed
Council headquarters where a crowd
ed and enthusiastic mass meeting was
held.
A protest resolution against the
smuggling of Fitch and Series in SIAM
ford, also telegram of greetings to
Nat Richards, unemployed leader in
the Hartford County Jail, were pas
sed.
Preparations are going ahead for a
huge demonstration ON February 25.
Many joined the Unemployed Coun-
Gil.
QANSAS CITY, Mo. - The biggest
radical gathering here since the war
heard William z. Foster speak on
Monday night.
More than 5000 actively partici-
pated in the demonstration for job
less insurance before the City Hall
yesterday.
Streets for blocks around the City
Hall were jammed as speakers adj.
dressed the workers for an hour. AZ
ter the City Hall demonstration, more
than 400 packed the Workers Cen
ter as they signed up in the Unem-
ployed Council, pledging enthusiastic
support Of the preparations for Feb
ruary Is. International Unemploy-
ment Day.
PHILADELPHIA, Pa, Feb. 10. -
Despite the bitter cold over 1900
workers, employed and unemployed,
gathered at Independence Square
here in support of the demands of
the Unemployed Delegation, which
goes to Congress today. Besides, for
the first time in the present struggle
a demonstration was held in Kensing-
ton, an important industrial suburb
of Philadelphia where $50 gathered.
In West Philadelphia, so demon
strated for the unemployment insur-
ance bill
Indoor meetings were held follow
ing each of these demonstrations.
Over 100 jobless joined the Unem-
ployed Councils and plans were made
to participate in larger masses in the
February Is, International Unemploy-
ment Day demonstration.
AT the Kensington demonstration,
the hosiery and upholstery weavers
who participated, asked for speakers
at their union headquarters to aid
in the preparation of strike. The
speakers exposed the treactery of
MacNiahon, A. F. of L. strike breaker.
The question of mass picketing will
be taken up at the next local union
meeting tonight, despite the official
dom.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-11
Bad Conditions In Great Laundry In Brooklyn

time and new workers are being
taken ON at less than S12 and if
worker is not cOntented the fore
man Miller tells them they can go.
He is worse than the boss, and is
mean to the girls. If you get sick
you are not sure of getting your
place back.
A punching clock was put on the
wall and each man and woman
must punch the card. 1t means
mere slavery for every one.
The dressing room where the
girls have TO dress or undress has
no air, no windows and is dirty.
B. F.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-11

thicken it so everyone would have,
little to eat.
The kitchen was so small that if
anyone else tried to enter he couldn't.
Many Negroes are unemployed and
not only on jerome st. but in the
first and third wards also.
They all say something must be
done. You don't have to talk to them
Icing about the need of organization.
Steps have been taken to organize
the L. S. N. R. in McKeesport.
Those that weren't visited can join
at 1874 Locust ST, Workers Club
IF. HI.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-11
ROCHESTER, SYRACUSE
WORKERS DEMAND PASSAGE OF Bill.

BUFFALO, N. Y, Feb. l0.--A huge
hunger demonstration took place in
jamestown. Ten thousand stormed
the city hall. The delegation backed
by the workers, ripped into the City
Council, exposing the compulsory
welfare work. The mayor and coun-
cilmen promised" instant remedy.
One socialist" councilman opposed
the demands of the unemployed.
Five thousand demonstrated in
Buffalo in an impressive and dis
ciplined march to the city govern
ment. The city government and po-
lice retreated after last Mondays mil
liant struggle. Four were arrested and
face the grand JURY on the charge
of second degree assault.
In Rochester and Syracuse marches
took place to the City Hall. The
workers were desperate and militant
They raised the cry of "On to Albany,
Feb. 90" which is popular with the
unemployed.
The workers were busy organizing
unemployed councils along the route
to join the hunger march. They are
preparing trucks, etc. They are for
cling city governments to accommo-
date the marcherS. Resolutions were
sent to Congress demanding the en-
actment of the Unemployment Insur-
ance Bill, and full cash bonus for the
worker war veterans.
The following telegram was sent
from the Buffalo demonstration to
Congress:
over 5000 employed and iobless
workers assembled here today at Nc
Kinley monument support the de-
mand of the enactment of the Work.
ers Unemployment Insurance Bill by
Congress to provide governmental,
weekly benefit for each unemployed,
and additional benefit for each de-
pendent. We demand the establish
ment of a federal fund for unen1-
ployment insurance by the use of ap-
preparations for so-called national de-
Tense, taxation of large incomes, We
support the full compensation to war
veterans. We are determined to con-
tinue an organized struggle for i'm
mediate city relief here in the form
of weekly benefits, pending the en-
actment of the Bill by Congress. We
demand instant work or bread and
shelter relief, the opening of city,
state and federal buildings to shelter
the unemployed. We will continue
the fight until $1,000 jobless and their
starving families will be satisfied and
will defeat the fake promises and
policy of terror.
"The workers of Niagara frontier
are ready to fight for work and bread
instead of to be used in the ap-
preaching war, which is evident from
the open war preparations in metal
and chemical factories here in Buff
falo."
HARTFORD, Conn, Feb. 10.-The
unemployed delegation of this state
led the workers march, carrying BAN
ners and slogans, to the state capi-
toll, while thousands on the streets
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-11

gave Ine OlQeSJ one a lea1let tor
Feb. 10 demonstration. He read it
and asked me a question. Said why
is it that there is crisis in rich
country and why do the Negroes suf-
fer the most. After gave him an
answer and explained the need of
the Negro and white workers to unite
he promised to be at the demon
Stration.
Another house I went to where
seven at the table were eating-seven
OF them eating four potatoes. 1
couldn't believe it, for their plates
were half full.
The mother said she smashed the
potatoes up and got some flour to
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-11
Brooklyn, N. Y.

Brooklyn, N. Y.
Daily WORKER
The conditions of the Great
Laundry Wet Wash forty women
workers are miserable. The wages
are as low as SI2-13 a week work
ing from to $3.50 with one-haIf
hour for lunch.
The laundry place is not fit for
humans.
The men drivers get $33 a week
and work G days week.
A wage cut of 10 per cent took
place week ago.
Old workers are being fred every
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-11
More LayOffs
Tn Missouri
NIinden Mines, Mo.

Minden Mines, Mo.
Daily Worker:
The bosses are laying off men
every day here. They say no sale
for coal.
Well, how in the world can man
live like that. The men are work
ing 2 and 3 days week, how can he
live like that?
We must all get together and
fight for our rights.
F Mt
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-11

terday. The city manager, who evil
IDENTITY spends most of the year at
summer and winter resorts, said that
he could see no unemployment in
Newburgh.
Edwards and Doyle addressed the
cheering workers. Doyle was arrested
but the militancy of the workers was
SO pronounced that the police were
afraid to try to break up the demon
stration.
The A. F. Of L. had promised to
provide a hall for the meeting but
refused at the last minute. The work.
ers contracted for another hall but
police ordered the halloween to break
his. contract.
The demonstration unanimously en-
dorsed the jobless insurance bill.
NEW BRUNSWICK, N. j.. Feb. 10.
in spite of the terrible cold and
s!ushy weather today. over 5000 leaf
lets Gaining Tor mass demonstration
before the city hall were distributed,
and between 600 and 900 took part in
the demonstration.
The chief of police refused a per-
NIT, but the workers and jobless
workers met and demonstrated, and
then marched to the Workers Home,
II Plum st. A very militant spirit
prevailed. Ring Evans, chairman, and
Williams. Negro worker, stressed
mainly the Importance of organizing
and of mobilizing for the New Jersey
State March ON Trenton, Feb. 20, and
the demonstration on International
Fighting Day. Ten signed up to
march on Trenton.
DrnnorAA vvS rnh .. ed oxxvs
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-11


The whole detective force and a
large police force were called out to
block them. Another workers was
arrested when he urged a continue
ton Of the march.
After that the police again blocked
the march, and dispersed the crowd.
There will be another demonstra-
ton here on Feb. Is, International
Fighting Day for Unemployment Re-
lief.
DETROIT, Feb. 10, - Eight thou
sand Detroit workers demonstrated
for two hours at Grand Circus Park
for the support of the Unemployed
Delegation to Washington. They
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-11
McKeesport Negro Section Scene Of
Great Misery and Starvation Workers
All Say Something Must Be Done Now
White Workers to Aid in Establishing L,S.N.R
Branch; Call for Unity
Negro Workers Ready to Fight By Side of
White Workers for Cash Relief
McKeesport, Pa.

McKeesport, Pa.
Comrade Editor:
anyone thinks that the Negroes in McKeesport live in
paradise let them read this article.
Many Negro families livem the poorest section of Nc
Keesport on Jerome st.
went in house There six sitting around stove
burning wet paper the fire wouldn't go out Four children
hungry and shoes their feet No gas light not even
an oil lamp to look at each other starving
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-11

gallery in the house of representatives
got up to protest against the refusal
to permit the unemployed to present
their demands. He was immediately
pounced on by six police and thrown
out of the building.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-11
Wage Cuts In Belleville, I'LL.

Daily Worker: Bellville, Ill.
Just few lines to let you know
how things are In this vicinity. The
mines are working from one to three
days a week. The foundry Iaborers
accepted IL LIZ per cent cut and
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-11
WORCORR
BRIEFS
Soup Kitchens
Tn Chattanooga
Chattanooga, Tenn.

OIIdIJdIIUUBd, ItIIH'
Here in Chattanooga public free
soup kitchens have been opened for
the unemployed workers.
The city authorities have been
compelled thru the pressure of the
workers of both races to open up
a free flop house for the needy.
There are many hold-ups and
robberies here. Most of the robber-
les occur in food stores. The Hill
stores, a chain grocery stores are
being broken into daily. mo.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-11

the foundries are doing very poor.
The Knapp Monarch electricity ap-
pliance company were paying their
men so cents an hour. They cut
their wages to IS cents an hour.
&C. S.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-11

terday a preparatory mass meeting
Of 500, eli who could get into the
hall, was held here to mobilize for
the hunger march today. The crowd
was made up of Bethlehem Steel
workers, and miners, many of them
unemployed.
There was a splendid spirit, and a
delegation of five, including young
Negro ard women workers was cleo
ted to see the mayor today Charles
Bell, Jr., a young worker. vas ar
rested yesterday distributing leaflets
for the hunger march,
YOUNGSTOWN, Ohio, Feb. 10.-It
is estimated 800 took part in mill
tant demonstration here in the Pub
lie Square for the Workers Unem-
ployment Insurance Bill today. There
was full mobilization of police to in
tinidate the demonstrators. and the
police spread rumors they would
break up the demonstration.
The demonstrators marched to the
Unemployed Council headquarters anc
about 600 damned into the hall. De-
tectives who came in we're recognized
and thrown out bodily.
This is considered good mobiliza-
ton for Feb. 25.
WARREN, Ohio, Feb. 10.-Three
hundred demonstrated here today.
March in Perth Amboy.
PERTH AMBOY. N. j., Feb. TO-
Two hundred gathered at the cit.
hall here today, demonstrating fo
the passage of the Workers Unem
ployment Insurance Bill. They ais,
sent a committee into the city hal
where the city commissioners were il
session, and presented demands TO
immediate relief. The commissioner
heard the demands but took TO &C
ton
Meanwhile the crowd outside wa
addressed by speakers ros- Z.
the Council of the Unemployed, ant
afterwards the crowd marched TO tn
Workers Home, where another meet
ing was held, with the same speakers
and 10 signs up to take part in tn
march on Trenton. Many joined tn
Unemployed Council,
Over SO demonstrations in supper
Of the Workers Unemployment Insur
ance Bill were held yesterday, but a
the time the National Edition OF tn
Daily Worker went to press, news ha,
been received only OH those above.
CHARLOTTE, N. c., Feb. TO-
Seven hundred Negro and whit,
workers united in militant demon
stration demanding unemployment
relief and the passage of the Unen,
ployment Insurance Bill.
Defying the threats Of the police
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-11

Use your Red Shock Troop List
every day On your job. The worker
next to you viii help save the Daily
Worker.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-11

break up the demonstration when the
city council refused a permit for it,
the workers, led by Negro and white
women and children, proceeded in a
march from the Trade Union Unity
League Hall to Fourth and Caldwell
Sts., where they listened for an hour
to speakers.
After the demonstration the white
and Negro women marched back to
the T. U. U. L. Hall and concluded
the demonstration at that hall.
CINCINNATI, o., Feb, 10. - Five
thousand demonstrated here for the
Bill today.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-11
5000 DETROIT WORKERS in
TWO-HOUR DEMONSTRATION

CONTINUED FROM PAGE oNEl
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-11

Prepared In YOUNGSTOWN.
JOHSTOWN. Pa, Feb. 1o.- Yes
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-11

CONTINUED FROM PAGE oNE>
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-11

NEWBURGH. N. Y. Feb. 10.-Be-
tween 300 and 400 enthusiastic work.
ers demonstrated here in front OF the
Cit yHall for jobless insurance yes
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-11

CHARLOTTE. N. c., Feb. TO-
Seven hundred Negro and white
workers united in militant demon
stration demanding unemployment
relief and the passage of the Unen-
ployment Insurance Bill.
Defying the threats Of the police To