The Washington times., 1931-10-20

WudHtWgIOH SLuyy " GH0 Ot' AONts
Post. Dispatch, 1Vho has Just com
PLeted a 6,000-nrile jOWTneI
through the cOEntry.
By RAYMOND p. BRANDT
Copyright by 1T. Louis POst-DispatcI
and distributed BY Central Press)
For the first time in history {
majority Of the Russian people
can read and write. Whatevel
else may be said about the Com
Inunist dictatorship, the 'liquida
tion" Of illiteracy stands out a.
. great positive achievement. B!
the end of next year all Russian.
under IS are scheduled to be Lit
crate. A Communist pamphlet
says:
schools In the Soviet Union
are expected to be not . shelter
from life but . part Of the HE
around them, attached to fac:
tories, plants and giant farms
for the study Of their prOduc-
tive processes"
Soviet education is divided into
two main brancheS-political anC
technical. Cultural studies arr
not stressed and when taught arC
confined to the narrow limits oi
communistic philosophy. Wher
. child enters school at the agC
Of eight he or she Immediately
becomes q potential force in thu
Soviet political and industra
plan. The goal is universal poly
technical training of all children
and youth to the age Of II.
A Cry for Education
Stain, in his famous speech
this summer, said:>
"Our country has entered q
phase Of development when
the working class must create
its own Industrial and technical
intelligentsls, capable Of pro-
tecting the interests of the rul-
ing, the working class, In pro-
ducti0n.
"The industrial and technical
inteIligcntsia Of the working
class win not only be composed
Of people who have gone
through high schools, but it
also will be recruited from
among practical workers of our
enterprises, from among the
skilled workers, the cultural
forces Of the working class in
factory, workshop and mine.
- Among these comrades
are many who are not mem
hers Of the Communist party.
Yet this cannot serve as an
obstacle to their promotion to
leading positions. On the con-
trary, these nOn.party COM
Fades should be surrounded by
particular attention, should be
promoted to commanding posi-
ti0n 50 that they might become
convinced In real practice that
the party knows how to value
capable and talented workers" J"
Students Get Cash Aid
This demand that Russia must
produce her own industrial intel,
hgentSia was an elaboration of
the statistics Of the five-year
plan which calls for an increase
Of engineers from 10000 to $4,000,
and Of technicians from 81, 900 to
10000. The plan also aims at
training $1,000 agricultural ex.
pertS known as agronomiStS, and
10000 lesser experts.
At present there are 1873 techni.
cal schools Of university rank; 663
such schools Of high school rank:
S2l RabfacS schools in large
plants; 90 agricultural schools Of
university rank and 352 agricul-
tIral schools Of high school
standing. One .alf the students
in the higher institutes and three
fourths the students in the tech
nicums are on scholarships aver
aging from 10 roubles-$35 a
month.
Since April. 1929, industrial en-
terpriseS have assigned 8 per
cent Of their profits to training
personnel, and in all the large
plants under construction the
plant school is the first building
completed.
Factory, School For 1900
At the Khartov tractor factory
which is scheduled to produce
$4,000 tractors annually, provision
has been made for a school to
train 1000 young people. At the
Stalingrad tractor factory there
viii be an gineering university
to give a four-year course to $500
students between the ages OF ID
and IS, most Of whom will be
graduates of the Rabfac.
There also will be q technical
school Of 1900 pupils, 40 per cent
Of whom win be girls, for work,
ers between is and 10 years. The
pupils will work alternate days
In the factory and the school and
will receive from 30 roubleS, the
beginners pay. to 80 rubles a
month. The course is two years.
This year at Verblud, the 25O,'
OOO-acre state farm in the Don
region, 900 young people attended
the farm school. Last year the
number was 400, Next year the
number may be raised to 800 II
the students this year show Suf-
ficient promise.
The training often goes on
even when the workers are on
their vacations. Just outside Mos
COW is the Kalinin Rest Home
for Udarniki, the "shock briga
ders" who are supposed to set
the production pace for Other
workers. The mornings Of these