davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-19
KIN OF EX- GOVERNOR
GIVEN LIQUOR TERM
Bryan johnson Sentenced to Four
Months in Jail by New
Cumberland Judge.

Special Dispatch to The Star.
CUMBERLAND. Md, May 19.-Judge
w. Calvin Chestnut, Baltimore recent
ly appointed to the Maryland district
bench TO succeed Judge Morris A.
Soper. presided at the opening Of the
Spring term OF the Federal Court here
yesterday. One OF his first acts was the
sentencing OF Bryan johnson of john
sons, Garrett County, on the National
Highway, four miles west OF Frostburg,
TO four months In Jail.
Distinguished lineage was invoked In
q plea for clemency by former State
Senator William A. Gunter, who said
johnson was great-grandson of
Thomas johnson, former Governor Of
Maryland. johnson had pleaded guilty
of bOotlegging in Garrett County Sem
ator Gunter declared johnson was not
a common" bootlegger. but the scion
OF 0 noble house, who had made q
mistake.
JohnSon's excuse was that the dry
weather Of last year was bad on farm
ery and he needed the money. Col.
Thomas Bailey, Federal agent, who
posed as q big whisky buyer, told the
court johnson had whisky cached at
various places about his farm, amount
ing TO 300 gallons, and offered to supply
Bailey at least 100 gallons week.
When CURLY sentencing johnson. Judge
Chestnut said 1t was "a distressing Sit
uation."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-19
CHILD, 6, IS STRUCK
BY CAR NEAR HOME
Condition Of Hyattsville Boy Re-
ported Unchanged at
Hospital.
Special Dispatch to The Star.

Special Dispatch to The Star.
EVANSVILLE, Md, May Econ
dition OF Daniel West, years old, who
was struck by an automobile driven by
William Enrslem, 10 years old, of 8
Cedar street yesterday afternoon on
OakWood road near Franklin street was
reported unchanged this morning at
Sibley Hospital. Washington. The boys
face Is 50 badly bruised, according to
word received at his home here, that an
X-ray cannot I've undertaken for a day
or two
The boy and his sister, Bertha, Q
years old, alighted from q bus which
had brought them from Maryhurst
School, which they attend and after
walking along lakewood road for a short
distance started across the street to
their home. when Daniel was struck
Burslem stopped his car and accompa
MED another machine which rushed
the boy to the hospital.
The children live with Mr.. and Mrs
Thomas L. Mann in Hyattsville Hills.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-19
SEEKS TO BLOCK
|. WAGE REDUCTION
Administration Holds Cut
Would Violate Pact Between
Labor and industry.
ny the Associated Press.

~ the Associated Press.
The administration is trying to erect
n blockade on the path to lower wages.
Through Secretary of Labor DOak 1t
has notified workers and employers
alike that any general efforts TO reduce
pay should be violation of the agree
ment reached between labor and indus
try in the 1929 conference called by
President Hoover.
The Secretary said yesterday there
had been no revocation of that agree
ment to maintain wage levels despite
the depression. He added that general
reductions would be violation OF con-
fidence and would permit employees to
demand more money, although they had
decided to abide by present pay scales.
Large Industry Is Responding.
Doak said he believed pay slashes
shown in recent compilations by his
department could be attributed to the
smaller businesses. The larger indus
tries have not reduced, but are re-
spending fairly we'll" TO insistence that
the level be maintained. he asserted.
The Secretary had not been told Of
fcially about the statement of Presi-
dent William Green of the American
feQeraLlOn OF DaDOr ItlaI WOFkSfS
would be justified in striking to fore
stall wage cuts.
Nor did Doak discuss the announce
ment by the executive council of the
federation that certain bankers and in
dustrialists were planning general re-
auctions.
Doak said he had heard unconflrmed
reports of general wage decreases, al
though major railroads assured him
they contemplated no sweeping changes.
Predicts Labor Disturbances.
While the cabinet member was max
ing his statement, Fred C. Croxton, act
ing chairman of the Presidents Emer-
gency Committee for employment held
Green's warning did not presage wide
spread labor difficulties. He did pre-
dict, however, additional labor disturb
ances il the depression continued.
Doak commended that in the last 10
years reductions in employment and
pay rolls had been normal and that
within the last six weeks controversial
between employers and employees had
been settled by reYerSion OF old wage
scales He interpreted the depreSsi0n's
comparative lack OF strikes as a result
of the agreement between capital and
labor.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-19
MARYLAND PARK LAD
BURIED IN THIS CITY
Playmates Are Pallbearers for Boy
Drowned in Eastern Branch
While Fishing.
BY staff Correspondent of The star.

BY STAFF Correspondent OF The Star.
MARYLAND PARK. Md. May 10
Six grief-stricken playmates of James
Arthur Birch, IS years old, who drowned
in the Eastern Branch while fishing
Saturday. today acted as pallbearers at
his funeral. They we're: Charles Arne-
son. Herman Schmidt. Edward Schmidt,
Robert Gibbs, George Long and Paul
Cain.
Among those who paid final honor to
the lad at impressive rites in the Mary
land Park Christian Church and at
Congressional Cemetery, Washington.
were many Of his classmates in the
seventh grade of the Maryland Park
High School who were excused to attend
the services.
All day Yesterday children from the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-19

Maryland Park and Seat Pleasant
Schools called at the Birch home on
Pleasant street to console his mother.
Mrs. Iva Birch. The boy ia also sur
vived by sister, Virginia, aged 8, and Q
brother. Edward, z.
He fell into the water while reaching
for q dead fish and drowned despite
heroic efforts of Carroll Clark, IL, q
companion, to save him.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-19

United States Attorney Leo A. Rover
has announced the appointment OF John
w. Wood. native Of Washington. to be
All assistant United States attorney ~
I'LL the recently created place TO handle
exclusively war risk insurance cases and
other litigation involving the Veterans
Bureau.
Wood is 80 years old and was gradu-
ated from Central High School in 1916.
He took his law degree at George Wash
ington Law School in 1922 and WAS
admitted TO the bar in the same year.
He has been connected with the law
offices of Barnard d. Johnson and Wal
ter C.. Balderston.
He is member of the Bar AsSocia-
ton, Manor Club, is married and also
is q member OF Delta Sigma Phi and
Kappa Alpha Fraternities. He is atfili-
ated with Masonic Lafayette Lodge, No.
10, and is also a member Of the Mount
Vernon, No. 3, Royal Arch MasonS.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-19
SUNDAY GAS SALES
LEGAL IN DANvILLE
Jury Holds Motor Fuel Business
as Necessity in Test
Case. <
Special Dispatch to The Star.

Special Dispatch to The Star
DANVILLE, Va, May l9.-As re-
suit Of jury's decision yesterday mat
the sale Of gasoline within thu city 81
Danville was a necessity, contained in
its verdict acquitting w. c. Lewis,
hlling-station operator OF violating the
Sabbath law, gasoline stations are ex-
pected TO operate Oh Sunday here. The
case was in the nature Of d test
The point at issue was whether the
State law WHICH prohibits Sunday oper-
alton OF business unless the goods
handled Is a necessity applied here.
Filling stations in the county Just
outside the corporate limits have been
operating Sundays With the aequittal
of Lewis the State noIle pressed cases
against other filling station proprietors
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-19
RED FLAG" LAW
IS HELD INVALID
California Statute Prohibit
ing Display of Anarchistic
EmbIems Unconstitutional.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
Free political discussion OF the Gov
eminent remains a constitutional right.
For that reason, among others. the
Supreme Court found defective the Cali
fornia red flag law under which Yetta
Stromberg. a native American of Rus
sian parentage, was convicted. The
decision yesterday sent the case back
to the State court.
The woman was prosecuted because
children at camp to which she was
attached were assembled each morning
to salute the Russian Soviet flag and
promise allegiance to 1t. State officers
testified they found considerable anar-
chistic propaganda when they searched
the camp.
The California law prohibits the dis
play OF red fiag~or any other device
in public place as a sign Of "opposi-
ton to organized government or as an
invitation or stimulus to anarchistic
action or as an aid to propaganda that
Is OF seditious character"
Free Discussion Fundamental.
Chief Justice Hughes opinion said
The maintenance Of an opportunity for
free political discussion to the end that
government may be responsive to the
VIII OF the people and that changes
Lay be obtained by lawful means, an
opportunity essential to the security of
the Republic, is a fundamental princi-
pie Of our constitutional system
review OF the case against Miss
Stromberg, the Chief Justice said, did
not disclose whether she had been found
guilty OF opposition to organized gov
eminent" alone or "anarchistic action"
or engaging in propaganda that Is Of
a seditious character" as well.
Since the statute Is so vague and
indefinite as to permit the punishment
Of the fair use" Of the opportunity to
oppose organized government, Hughes
held, it is "repugnant to the guaranty
OF liberty contained in the fourteenth
amendment"
Hence. he said, the first clause of the
law being invalid. the conviction which
may have rested upon that clause ex-
clusively must be set aside"
Justices McReynolds and Butler, in
their separate dissenting opinions, con-
tended the evidence clearly showed Miss
Stromberg had violated all three pro-
hibitions Of the California statute.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-19
Dance to Raise Funds.
By stan Correspondent o, tn. star.

BY Stan Correspondent OF The Star.
CLARENDON, Va, May 10. - The
Business and Professional woments
Club of Arlington County will hold o
dance and bridge party tonight at the
Army-Navy Country Club for the pur-
pose of raising funds for the National
Convention of Business and Profess
sional Women's Clubs, which viii be
held this Summer in Richmond.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-19

Society, Hamilton Hotel, 1880 pm.
Card party, Mothers Club, st. James
Catholic Church. Thirty-Seventh street
and Rhode Island avenue, 8 pm.
Meeting, Gold Star Mothers, Hamil-
con Hotel, 8 pm.
Meeting, Petworth Citizens Associa-
ton. Petworth School, Eighth and
Shepherd streets, pm.
Meeting, Zeta Chapter, Beta Gamma
Phi Sorority, Hamilton Hotel, pm.
Dinner, Samuel Gompers Lodge.
Hamilton Hotel pm.
Meeting, Columbia Historical Society,
Cosmos Club. s:l5 pm.
Dinner meeting Alumni Clubs OF
Mortified Schools, Hamilton Hotel.
7:30 pm.
Meeting, Edith M. Rogers Lodge,
Chapter No 4, Disabled American Vet
Grams, United States Soldiers Home.
Entertainment, All Saints Parish
Hall, Minnesota avenue and FOote
street northeast, 8 pm.
Meeting, Friendship Club. Federal
Chapter, No. 80, o. E. s., 1911 Ken
nedy street, 8 pm.
FUTURE.
Luncheon, Optimist Club, Hamilton
Hotel, tomorrow, IL noon.
Luncheon, Monarch Club, Hamilton
Hotel, tomorrow, ! noon.
Meeting, National Conference of Or
CARNATIONS Supporting the Eighteenth
amendment, Hamilton Hotel, tomorrow,
Q am.
Luncheon, Exchange Club, Carlton
Hotel, tomorrow, 1890 pm.
Luncheon, lambda Chi Alpha Alumni
Association, Huston Hotel Restaurant,
tomorrow, 1880 pm.
A twice-a-veek air service has been
inaugurated between Juneau, Alaska
and Seattle, Wash, q distance Of 90O
miles.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-19
Democratic Head Named.

MARTINSBURG, w. Va. May 10
(SpeciaD u. c. McKown. former
sheriff here, has been named chair
man Of the Berkeley County Demo-
cratic Executive Committee. which is
responsible for proposing names for
officials to man. the polls at elections.
He succeeds J. Fred Wilson, no longer
a resident here
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-19
Candidate for Senate.

DANVILLE. Va, May 10 Especially -
Judge E. J. Harvey OF Chatham has an
nOunced his candidacy for State Sen
ator, representing the thirteenth sena-
torial district. which takes in Patrick,
pittsylvania- and Henry Counties.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-19

More than $4,000. 900 IN Federal
funds viii be spent in Nevada this year
for Government buildings. Hoover Dam
work and munitions depot construc-
ton
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-19

airy scholastic fraternity. and IS q MEM
Der OF the Michigan Academy Of Sci
ence. She Is now engaged In preparing
= history Of the University Of Michigan.
Osborn, who has q home near here.
and Miss Osborn left for the North
yesterday. Osborn has a Summer home
at Sault Ste Marie, Mich.
She remained today at her foster
fathers hunting lodge near Sylvester,
Ga, awaiting his return from trip to
the North. His destination was not
definitely determined. but 1t was indi-
Gated he would return to Georgia
Sunday.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-19

Puget Sound, Wash. distributed / $50
cases Of canned salmon and an esti-
mated 10000 pounds of fresh SALMON
TO needy families in the State
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-19
CITY NEWS IN BRIEF.
TODAY.

Dinner meeting, Georgetown Clinical
Society, Hamilton Hotel, 7:30 pm.
Card party, Mothers Club, St. James
Catholic Church. Thirty-Seventh street
and Rhode Island avenue, pm.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-19

A twice-a-veek air service has been
Inaugurated between Juneau, Alaska
and Seattle, Wash, distance Of 300
miles.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-19
JEANSSES ANSWER
TO BLAST THEORY
Tells Audience at National
Museum Solution Will
Come in Few Years.

CONTINUED Prom First Page)
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-12-25
Profitably Utilizing Leisure
Time

(selected Editorial by Editorial Asocationo
few years ago, certain publishers of educa-
tional books waged an intensive advertising cam
paign to tell the public what great things an
individual could do by devoting fifteen minutes
day to this that, or the other thing The adver-
tisements were intended to sell books but the
thought they expressed was worthy of repetition
for unselfish purposes
When Richard H. Waldo, president of Nc
Clure Newspaper Syndicate, told Spokane audi
ence recently that many world problems could be
solved in leisure time, he had no books to SELL He
had no selfish thought behind the statement It
is fact that nearly all of the great accomplish
mentS of the past were conceived in leisure mo-
ments; and it would be merely repetition of
history if some person enjoying hour of leisure
would conceive thought which would lead to the
solution of our present day problems
1t is possible to acquire an education in fifteen
minutes day. Three hundred and sixty-five such
periods would be nnety-one hours and fifteen
minutes. In ten years one would have devoted to
study 912 hours and 80 minutes-rnore time than
a college graduate has spent in class rooms. And
this study, because of the short periods in which
intense concentration would be maintained, would
be far more productive than the average college
course.
twas brief periods of study, oft repeated, that
produced minds which we hold in reverence today
1t was leisure turned to creative effort that pro-
duced some Of the greatest gems of music which
have lived through the centuries. 1t was the
dreams of leisure moments, turned into produc-
tive action that built most of our great industries
Leisure-the minutes when fancy is free and
the body idle-is the fundamental thing behind
every progressive movement the world has ever
known.
But there is another side to the thought
man can become thief, drunkard dissipated
rascal in his leisure moments. The moments
which might be devoted to lofty dreams much
more often-much more easily-devoted to de-
generating activities or to just plain idleness.
But though the majority of our people abuse their
leisure, it does not necessarily follow that leisure
is bad.
few leisure moments devoted each day to
constructive thinking soon show their effect in in
creased mental capacity of the thinker 1t is just
as easy to advance as to retrograde And the
average person needs only brief period of guild
ance to make constructive application of leisure
pleasures. A. Wickware, Editor Times, Priest
River, Idaho.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-12-25
Many Uses for Kapok

Kapok is the down from the seed
pods of the randoe tree, grown chiefly
in Java, but to some extent in Ceylon
and the Philippine islands. The Unit
ed States imports around 100000 tons
per year. Due to its residence it is
used In the manufacture Of pillows and
mattresses. Its buoyancy makes 1t
useful In the manufacture of life pre-
servers. 1t has been found also that
1t is an excellent insulating material
for both heat and sound.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-12-25
Many Kinds of Asters

There are over $50 species Of as
tiers. They are native Of temperate
regions, being especially abundant
throughout the United States. Asters
belong to the family Compositae and
are so named from the radiate or
star-like appearance Of the flowers.
The China aster is also member of
the family Compositae and Is a ma
tive of China.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-12-25

would be under
cultivation, and IL
the vi e ! d s per
acre could not be
increased beyond
that which then
prevailed t h 9 r e
would be a world
shortage. The av.
erage yield then
was 1877 bushels
per acre. During
the past seven
years, the world
over. it has been
n A. 00A
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-12-25
Sociali.tic Belief

Communism is a type of Socialist
doctrine, which, on the basis Of the
MARKHAM Communist manifesto, desires
the Socialist aim by means of the die
tatorship Of the proletariat. The Com
munists believe, like the Socialists, in
collective ownership Of the means Of
production and that the revolutionary
working classes must seize the power
and set up dictatorship Of the pro-
letariat in preparation for the Socialist
state,
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-12-25
A Journalist Arrives

A Kansas paper tells this story of
a reporter on his first assignment who
handed in the following: "a man
killed a dog belonging to another man.
The son Of the man whose dog was
killed proceeded to whip the man who
killed the dog Of the man he was the
son of. The man who was the son OF
the man whose dog was killed was
arrested on complaint of the man who
was assaulted by the son Of the man
whose dog the man who was assaulted
had killed.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-12-25

al. On the 320,.
100000 acres in cultivation this in
crease would amount to almost a half
billion bushels more production than
the world standards Of thirty years
ago. In place Of dire distress due to
shortage, we have had dire distress
due to surplus.
Wheat farmers have shown no great
inclination to curtail materially their
output; perhaps a 1919 decline com.
pared with 70% reduction in steel.
This unwillingness, or perhaps inabil-
ity, to adjust production to current
needs makes the problem all the hard
er to solve.
Not only are we now growing more
wheat per unit of land, but acreage
has been very greatly extended. In
twenty years Canada has increased
acreage $500, Australia almost as
much. Another significant fact is the
materially lessened use of wheat. A
much more diversified diet has devel.
oped. More vegetables and fruits are
used than formerly. The reduction Of
IL bushels consumed per person per
annum since the last generation neces-
states nearly 150,000,0O0 bushels less
wheat than was formerly required.
Machines Increase Supply
The factor that has exerted the most
potent influence in this rising world
flood Of grain has been the rapid de-
velopment of the machine. The old
days Of the cradle required from thirty
to forty hours of hand labor to harvest
an acre of grain. Then came the bind
er, which reduced the process to four
or five hours per acre. Now the COM
bine does the work in forty-flve min
utes per acre.
Where it used to cost ten cents q
bushel merely to thresh the grain, the
modern combine cuts and threshes at
. cost ranging from to 5 cents q
bushel. With this reduced cost Of pro-
duction. the possibility Of acreage ex-
pansion is tremendous. Lands here
tofore regarded as worthless except
for grazing have recently come into
competition with the older wheat belts.
The Russian Effort
Within the past two or three years
another disturbing element has come
int nj af &C. Of
tempting q comeback fraught with
possibility that cannot yet be fully
evaluated. Russia is eagerly utilizing
the very latest of scientific knowledge
to enlarge her agricultural possibili-
ttes. With feverish anxiety she is
literally pouring millions into the ex-
pansion Of her university research In
stitutes, experimental stations and
breeding farms. Her scientists are
combing the earth for new crops and
new methods. No country In Europe
is manifesting more interest and activ-
ity in laying hold of the best science,
wherever 1t may be found.
It is of more than passing interest
that the wheat yields reported on the
huge trust farm known as the "Giant"
ran last year as much as Is bushels to
the acre. On this single farm the crop
harvested is reported to have been
3,865,000 bushels. A single farm Of
$4,000 acres under government con-
g.
energy can be applied is new factor
in the worlds picture.
There can be but little doubt that
the Russian situation may yet assume
quite . different attitude from what
obtained even in pre-war days.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-12-25
Banker. Hold Farm conferene.

Bankers Hold Farm Conference
A feeders conference" was held
In state bank at Presho, South Da-
kota, attended by fifty farmers. The
conference stressed the feeding Of low
price wheat and barley, and marketing
It through livestock. Later, booklets
on the feeding of wheat were distrib-
uted among the farmers, and feeders
column was carried in the local paper
each week.
I'VE have had more success with
the conference and with the feeders
column in the local paper, than with
any other undertaking we have tried"
the bankers said. Gas a result there
ID about three times as much livestock
being fed out in our territory than
ever before. We plan to hold other
similar conferences the coming year."
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-12-25
Costly Village

England's most costly village" is
a community Of "a houses within the
walls of Windsor castle, many of them
having been built in the Fourteenth
century for the use Of the dean and
canons Of st. Georges chapel.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-12-25
War Caused ch.n,.

After the beginning Of the Civil war
the city of Washington changed In
few months from small, slow-moving
city Of 81 400 to bustling city Of
about 100000. This average was main
tanned throughout the war.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-12-25

The benefits Of civilization exist be-
cause Of the capital accumulated by
those who have gone before. Through
accumulation Of capital our great rail-
roads have been constructed, our pub
lie utilities have been built and our
mills. Office buildings and homes have
arisen.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-12-25
Flag Display
q sycamor'

At what angle flag should be dis
played on special days must depend
to some extent on the way the flag
pole is placed, but the usual angle is
an angle close to A degrees from the
face or the front of the building.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-12-25
The Blu.hins T.dpoIe

Biologists are trying to find out why
tadpoles blush. Maybe biologists use
that kind Of language while examining
the sensitive little animals.-Seattle
Daily Times.