davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-11-23
ZOna Gale at Church Forum
 Gave Address on ''The
 Modern Novel" Before
 Large Audience

"The Modern Novel" was the subject of the address delivered by Zona Gale, noted writer of novels and plays before a large audience at the Second Congregational church forum last evening. She included large number of stories of characters she had known and also read from some of her pop ular works. 1
 !. Miss Gale demonstrated she has a keen insight and understanding as evident by the manner in which she brought out her little stories of characters in her books. She said the tendency of novel writing of
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-11-23
IN DEEP.

She: We really should get a new car this year.
 He: What. when I'm still pay Ing installments on the car ex- changed for the car I sold in part payment for the car I've got now! Passing Show.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-11-23

to-day is toward shorter and short CT novels with 9ome i1teresling eA-
 periments being made.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-11-23

i of the American xmyien recently
 presented e set of tho onlslzl
 Source Records of the Great WaP to tho city library here. The Source Records are owned by the Legion.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-11-23

In one bIozine year Robert Montgomery zoomed into stordom-ihe answer 10 many e film fon's proyer admired for his smorf acting and boyish charm. The stose's loss .wos HoIlywood's eoin-ond ours. Bob will soon be seen in "Private Lives" for Metro- GoIdwyn-Moyer.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-11-23

BOOKS GIVEN no LIBRARY
 Butte, Mont = silver Bow Post
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-11-23

per cent of its private line wire mileage in their service.
Evening star., 1931-12-29
HEAR
YOUNGER MEMBERS
Findings in Oil Industry Re-
veaIed by Men, All
Under IS.

BY the Associated Press.
TULSA, Okla, December 29.-"Chil-
dren" of the world of science that
treats with the oldest of things material
had their hour at the annual meeting
Of the Geological Society of America
here last night.
Oil Experts Speak.
The occasion was a colloquy on sub
surface methods, as applied in the oil
industry, and none of the three men
who talked learnedly to the venerable
masters of art and doctors of science
attending was more than 35 years CT
age.
The youth of the speakers. F. A.
Bush, L. c. Case and Ira Cram, all of
Tulsa, led geologists present 10 point
out that the hurry and hustle of the
oil industry have bred a rapidity Of
study and practice as well as brought
forth sudden wealth.
Today the highest honor that may be
conferred by the society, goes to one of
its older members, DR.. William Morris
Davis, 72, now lecturing at the Cali
fornia Institute of Technology.
Medal to Be Presented.
To DR.. Davis will be given the R. A.
F. PenroSe medal for outstanding work
in the realm Of pure geological science
His claim to the medal rests on research
dealing with rock structure.
Evening star., 1931-12-29
SUGAR DISCOVERY
SPURS RESEARCH
Scientist Finds Two Varieties
That Crystalline as One
Substance.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
NEW HAVEN, Conn, December %
Discovery Of sugars that crystalline as
one substance, although they undoubt-
edly are mixtures of two components
was reported today to the American
Chemical Society by DR.. Claude S. Hud-
son of the United States Public Health
| Service
Heretofore, in the publication Of
sugars and their derivatives, Dr. Hud-
son said, 1t has been considered that
recrystallization OF the substances sew
eral times. until the physical properties
reached constant values, was a trust
worthy procedure.
His researches with r. C. Hockett,
also of the Public Health Service at
Washington. have thrown new light on
what DR.. HudSon's paper termed novel
substances of the sugar group
Thus milk sugar, which has been
known In the past in two forms, named
Alpha and Beta lactose" he said, has
now been found to crystalline from
methyl alcohol in a third modification,
which is composed of five parts Alpha
and three parts of Beta lactose."
He also described other discoveries
of a similar nature and said it became
evident from them the sugars and their
derivatives form double crystalline
compounds.
This adds to the difficulty Of isolating
pure chemical individuals among sug-
ars. he said.
Progress in the making OF synthetic
rubber was reported to the society.
Two compounds, chloroprene and
bromoprene which react with them
selves very rapidly to form rubber like
products, were described by DR.. Wal
lace H. Carothers of the du Pont de
Nemours Co.
For certain special uses, he said the
synthetic product is much superior to
natural rubber.
Special study has been made Of sub
stances prepared from Vinylacetylene,
which can be used as starting ma
terial for the synthesis of a whole series
of new compounds, DR.. Carothers ex-
planned.
In four days after the chloroprene
has been mixed it is a stiff jelly, and
in 10 days it becomes non-plastic, with
density of 123. With a strength Of
1000 pounds square inch, it resembles
vulcanized rubber. Bromoprene has a
greater density, liza.
Evening star., 1931-12-29

States in an address urging legal re-
search on practical application OF Su-
preme Court interpretations.
The theory of double sovereignty
whereby the State and Federal judicial
systems are regarded as separate en-
titles. has produced some strange re-
suits in actual court practice, Mr.. Grant
said.
While it is constitutionally illega,
for the Government or a State to use
evidence acquired by unlawful search OF
seizure, a Federal agent may supply q
State court with evidence illegally OBJ
tanned, and it is regarded as legal be-
cause the State was not a party to
the unlawful acts. Vice versa, State
officers may present Federal Courts with
evidence wrongfully collected, which
then becomes Sanctified as good mate
rial.
Hits Election Practices.
The handicaps imposed on the police
by technical interpretations of con
stitutional rights" clauses also were
subjected to Mr.. Grants examination,
The election practices in this country
came in for their share of criticism in
the speech Joseph P. Harris Of the
University Of Washington delivered be-
fore the political parties forum.
The absolute prohibition Of campaign
ing and intimidation at the polls was
suggested as the only efficient means of
checking this practice Any halfway
rules are easily evaded, the speaker as
serted
Evening star., 1931-12-29
SOVIET PLOT DENIED

PRAGUE, Czechoslovakia, December
90 (P).-Karl Vanek, member of the
Czechoslovakian legation at Moscow,
arrived here today and went into con-
fere- at the foreign office regarding
Soviet charges that he plotted an at
tack on the Japanese Ambassador to
Russia.
1t was learned that he told DR..
Waellner, ranking secretary in the alb
sence of Foreign Minister Benes, that
the Russian charges we're utterly un-
founded. He talked often with the
Russian, who was accused with him,
he said, but never about politics.
Evening star., 1931-12-29
POISON GERMS LIVE
DESPITE FREEZING
CapitaI Scientist Warns u. S,
BacterioIogists of
Findings.

BY the Associated Press.
| BALTIMORE. December 29.-Warn-
ing that the new methods Of quick
freezing do not kill botulius poisoning
germs was given to the Society Of Amer
| lean Psychologists today.
The experiments were conducted by
| the United States Bureau of Chemistry
and Soils, Washington, and reported by
! Lawrence H. James.
The production and marketing OF
frozen vegetables and fruits without
heat sterilization" he said, has raised
the question as to whether or not there
is a possibility of botulinus poisoning
arising from consumption of such prod
ucts which have been improperly han
died"
Both Methods Ineffective.
He described two general methods OF
freezing food products, one quick" at
temperatures ranging from so to IS be-
low zero F., and the other slow.
Dried botulinuS spores" he con-
tinued, have been frozen with solid
carbon dioXide ice, def3oSted at inter-
valS and the total numbers of living
spores as well as the presence of toxin
determined. There was no reduction in
the number of living spores, neither
when defrOsted and examined immedi-
ately after being frozen nor when they
have been frozen for nine days and
then examined. Subcutaneous intec-
tions into guinea pigs showed that no
toxin had been liberated from the
hv tha freaVinU
Live for Years In Vacuum.
New records of ability of bacteria to
live dried up in vacuum for years were
presented by j. Howard Brown of Johns
Hopkins University.
Five preparations of Streptococci, a
vIrulent germ, were opened recently II
years after being placed in vacuum
end all were still alive. Forty strains OF
bacteria placed in vacuum from 4 to II
years ago have recently been opened,
said DR.. Brown, and all except two of
them were alive.
Hidden Epidemics Barred.
The hiding place of epidemics was
brought to light yesterday in a series OF
discoveries about a strange sort of bac-
terra.
Disease bacteria, 1t was shown, both
epidemic and others, have the power to
change their forms, to break up into
tiny bits, which are all but invisible
even in microscopes. In this dust-fine
scattering they retain life and yet little
understood ability to grow again, In
modified form. more dreadful or milder
These come backs" explain the sources
of some epidemics and possibly also why
epidemics sometimes rather suddenly
die down.
The breaking up of bacteria into small
bits has been known for some time, but
formerly it was believed that this dis
integration was death.
The older concepts Of the simplicity
of bacterial life must be profoundly
modified" said C.-E. A. Winslow, M. D.
of the department Of public health OF
Yale University.
Evening star., 1931-12-29
Pilot of Mckinley
Death Train Ends
50 Years Service
BY the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
BUFFALO, N. Y, December
2s.-Thirty years ago, John
Draney sat at the throttle of a
locomotive racing death across
New York State in vain attempt
to save the life Of President Nc
Kinley. Thursday evening at
7:12 O'Clock he will close the
throttle and climb from the cab
for the last time, retired after
almost SO years Of service with
the Lackawanna Railroad.
When President Mckinley lay
dying in Buffalo, the Lacka-
wanna Railroad called Draney to
pilot the train which was 10
take the late DR.. Janeway from
New York to the President bed
side. Draney broke all records
for speed between the two cities
and his run has become one OF
the traditions of the men who
pound the rails"
Evening star., 1931-12-29
Fantasies Held Result.

Thus fantasy thinking on public
problems is built up. This fantasy
thinking is infantile. but very funda-
mental, and comes to its full fruition in
mob action, religious revivals, political
campaigns, war etc. 1t is diffused by
such easy methods of communication
as the cheap newspaper the radio,
etc"
The newspaper expressions he said,
SON become stereotyped and lose all
sane meaning No end of journalese
words stimulate emotional action by the
inhibition of mental processes"
Evening star., 1931-12-29
DENIES MEDICAL
COSTS TOO HIGH
Secretary Wilbur Tells Social
Service Societies of Survey
Being Made.

American people do not pay an
eXorbitant price for medical care, DR..
Ray Lyman Wilbur, Secretary OF the
Interior, today informed a group of
distinguished members of the social
service societies now in session in Wash
ingtcn.
The total cost of medical care in this
country" he said, "approximateS 3 to 4
per cent of the total national income
Of the people and does not constitute
an excessive amount"
DR.. Wilbur is chairman of the Com
mittee on the Costs of Medical Care,
which has been conducting a five-year
survey to prepare plan for the pro-
vision of medical care to more people at
costs which they can pay. He did not
indicate what the conclusions Of the
committee would be, but said it would
end its existence on December 81, 1882.
Referring to the work of this commit
tee in amaSSng facts which he pre-
sented at a breakfast meeting Of the
delegates in the Washington Hotel, DR..
Wilbur said:
The average expenditures for medi-
cal care increase as the income Of the
family increases. Only in part is this
due to higher costs per unit of service;
wealthy people actually receive a larger
NUMBER OF services. Much OF the pres
ent expenditure is unwisely spent. The
expenditures as ascertained in the
community surveys show a relatively
large percentage going to drugs and
medicines and a substantial percentage
paid for the service of SubStandard
practitioners.
The johnson Co. has DEM
onStrated it can give a fairly well
rounded service Of generally good quail
ity to its employees for $2549 per capita
per annum. Other studies of the COM
mittee. now under way analyze other
organized services"
Members from the following organi-
cations were present: The American
Economic Association, the American
Statistical Association, American Po-
litical Science Association and the
American Sociological Society.
Evening star., 1931-12-29
SLAIN BY PARTNER

NEW YORK. December 90 P).-
George A. Colgan, jr., was shot to
death late yesterday, police said by his
business partner, John Ragonetti, who
then seriously wounded himself in the
Offices Of the Seabord Sand & Gravel
Corporation, where they had gone to
submit a financial dispute to an arbi-
traitor.
Colgan, son Of former State boxing
commissioner and former superintend-
ent of city markets, had been associated
with Ragonetti in a building supply
business which Is in the process OF
liquidation.
(, Two attorneys and an accountant
also were in the conference.
Evening star., 1931-12-29
CONTINUES AIR TOUR

LIE BOURGET, France December 20
(P)-Smith Reynolds North Carolina
sportsman, whose tour of Europe in his
own airplane was interrupted yesterday
by aviation authorities, planned today
to continue on to Spain, probably
Thursday.
Aviation authorities yesterday started
an investigation when Reynolds landed
here from Chateau Dun without hav-
ing gone through the formality of OBJ
tanning q permit.
His papers were pronounced properly
authorized today. He obtained permis-
sion to fly over France several months
ago
Evening star., 1931-12-29
Higher Age Limit Urged.

Extension of the juvenile court age
TO 81. establishment Of special boys
and girls felony courts and ether re-
forms were urged by Harry M. Shul-
man OF the New York State Crime
Commission in a report on "Adolescent
Major Offenders Age 1921" before the
American Statistical Association. The
Youthful offender represents an exag-
gerated phase of society's inept rela-
lions to the adolescent group, Shulman
said.
The criminally inclined youth, aged
1921, receives none of the probationary
attention accorded juvenile court cases,
and is neglected by organizations in
terested in the rehabilitation OF delin-
quentS.
Meanwhile the courts treat this age
group with little leniency in the point
of conviction, although sentences are
somewhat lighter than in adult cases.
While Slle civil law protects the minor
against irresponsible civil acts, the
criminal law holds him accountable for
mistakes of conduct, Shulman pointed
cut
The adolescent major orender is in
general subjected to process of Grim
inal injustice which, in New York State
at least Shulman said, is ION very
low plane, cumbersome, involving anti
quated detention institutions, frequent
unwarranted delays, practical abandon
ment Of the use of the jury, wholesale
Evening star., 1931-12-29
Jail Breaker Arraigned.

C2ISFIELD. Md, December 90 (Spe-
ciaD Captured in Salisbury and re-
turned here yesterday, Sewell r. Fields,
who broke the lock on the Crisfield
Jail ard escaped last Sunday night,
was arraigned before Justice F. N. Hol-
land and held under $500 bond for ap-
pearance in court. He was arrested for
diSoTderly conduct
Evening star., 1931-12-29

use Of the bargaining process between
prosecutors and criminal lawyers
sanctioned by the bench" and unsuited
to the delicate task of judging the
youthful criminal and dealing with him
judiciously.
Paints Faults Of Prisons.
Discussing the failure Of efforts to re-
habilitate convicted criminals, Bennet
Mead, statiStician of the United States
Bureau of Prisons, asserted that few
penal institutions are equipped with cor
related educational STATS capable OF
achieving the trifold readjustment Of
the anti-Social offender.
While psychologists, pSychiatriStS,
trained prison workers" and others are
active in the prisons of many States, it
is seldom that these organizations are
sufficiently equipped to insure the cor
rection of criminal habits in even the
most apt subjects.
The convict attempting to re-estab-
lish himself in society must struggle
againSt the opposition Of 1everal factors,
Mr.. Mead said. He may meet with dis
couraging social prejudice against him,
sometimes even extended to the menu
bers Of his own family. Employers may
refuse to give him work despite his
abilities. The natural tendency to fol-
low old habits, to take the path of least
resistance, may also drag bim down.
Furthermore, he often Is the victim Of
an uncorrected psychopathia.
Treatment of the convicted should
take cognizance of the individual, his
present condition (while in prison and
under the absolute control of the social
workers. and the circumstances which
will confront him when he is released
again.
Public Works Stressed.
If the subject is not hampered by an
incurable pSychoI :thic defect, it should
be possible to educate him through the
application of treatment based on
knowledge of these thre" factors, Mead
said.
Results obtained from these methods
could be computed through records Of
important consequences noted in each
case.
Public works as means to end de-
preston was urged by Rev. DR.. John
O'Grady of the Catholic University be-
fore the American Association Of Labor
Legislation.
Public works as a remedy for unem-
ployment never has been given a serious
trial in this country" he said. Our
whole tendency has been to use money
for public purposes when it could be
obtained without difficulty. 1t looks as
If large program of public improve
mentS financed by Government credits
or further depreciation of economic
values with their resultant business and
bank failures were our only alternative
at present"
Evening star., 1931-12-29
Group Discussions Held.

The Political Science Association di-
vided into seven groups for round-table
discussions and papers this morning, the
several sections hearing talks on sub
jectS ranging from economic planning
to the foibles Of American judicial ad
ministration.
J. A. c. Grant of the University of
California exposed numerous extraor-
dinary practices customary in the United
Evening star., 1931-12-29

There is no. absolute reason, he said.
why the processes OF evolution might
not bring about both physical and
moral perfection The latter seems to
have been brought about among ants.
But, Prof Carver said. human beings
have Assumed an active control Of the
physical. environment and provided
themselves with an artificial means OF
keeping warm, so there would seem TO
be no survivsl value in developing in
ternal organisms that can dispense
with these artificial helps. So in the
field OF moral adaptation, men have
provided themselves with artificial aids
to sccis7 behavior. With these artificial
aids msn may be stimulated TO behave
very much as II they were thoroughly
altruistic There would seem, then,
TO be no survival value in becoming so
altruistlc as men might conceivably
become and as some Of the social in
sects apparently have already become.
"Z &has kind Of behavior can rather
Evening star., 1931-12-29

cheaply be secured by means of arti-
ticial stimuli, the group will be just as
strong as it would be If men would be-
have in the same way without artificial
stimuli Among these artificial aids
are governments, courts, policemen,
customs, traditions, gossip and Mrs.
Grundy.
Press Headlines Scored.
There is no greater likelihood that
type of man will be evolved which Is
so thoroughly social as Herbert Spencer
predicted the ultimate man to be, than
that type of man will ever be evolved
which can dispense with other artifi-
cial aids to comfortable living. The
probable limit to evolution in this direc-
ton will be the type of man so con-
stituted that he always will respond
favorably to such stimuli as society in
its organic capacity can bring to bear
on him. In this equilibrium between
self interest and altruiSm We probably
shall find the ultimate limit Of moral
evolution"
The newspaper headline with its
short, Stereotyped words-described as
"rabble rousers which have altogether
| lost their original meaning ng"-was criti-
cized by Prof. Kimball Young of the
University of Wisconsin before sec
ton of the Political Science AssocIa-
tion.
He mentioned such particular terms
in headlines as clash, battle, rap, fay,
slav and aSsail" as words which have
grown up in newspaper practice to serve
all sorts of occasions and which tend
to arouse the public emotions over the
events of the day rather than promote
clear thinking.
The great mass of the population, he
said, still mumbles through crisis at
the level Of verbal magic" in phan-
tasy world where words mean all things
to all men. although political theory
still is based on the antiquated con-
cept drawn from eighteenth century
philosophy that man is deliberatlVe
and rational creature. Persons base
their attitudes on words and not on the
things for which they stand.
Cites Expressions.
President HooVer'S expression, rug
qed individualiSm" he gave as an ex-
ample Of word magic. The man IN the
street would consider 1t shocking tc
doubt that this is a good thing, yet the
expression itself has no SPECIFIC mean
ing. Another example was the WORD
dole" applied indiscriminately to any
form of unemployment relief which the
speaker does not happen to like. There
is no general agreement as to what
dole" means. 1t is lust something
which is bad.
Prof. Young likened this attributing
of reality to words. especially as they
are used in the newspapers, to the ola
family practice of washing out little
bows mouth with soap and water wheE
he used tabooed expressions. Ihe
words themselves were considered as
actually solling the mouth The same
feeling is much in evidence among
primitive peoples. some of whom VIII
not even tell their real names lest an
enemy injurc them by injuring these
words.
Much CT the magic of words persists
among adults today" he said. Words
are used as things as well as symbols OF
things. They seldom are learned by
the trial and error method. The verbal
isms of religion, economies and politics
are drilled into the child long before
it has any conception Of their mean
The Washington times., 1931-12-04
BIRTHS

Charles and Grace J. Wood, girl
Walter A. and Virginia Harrison, girl
Fred s. and Madeleine v. Skinner
boy.
John H. and Kathryn NJ. Powers
Thomas E. and Emma r. McAleenan,
Francis O. and Lillian NJ. Curtis, boy
Hugh e. and Barbara Watts, boy.
Dewey F. and Helen V. Peacock. hoy.
Lawrence G. and Geneva Mitchell
Harry e. and Ruth E. Young. boy.
Joseph NJ. and Belinda J. Ovens boy.
James P. and Nellie e. Mcmahon,
warren T. and Mary C. Ayres, boy.
Charles. c. and Neva A. Butler, boy.
Howard and Alice Ennis. boy.
Mike and Anna Gerber, boy.
O Charles R. and Lillian NJ. rhomp-
Thaddeus M. and Selma A. Jones,
Walt ter E. and GLADYS n,s C. w RE, boy,
Everett and Olga shipley,, boy
Frank D. and Sylvia A. Wilkinson,
Louis and Olga Mayman. boy.
Duval c. and Alice E. jackson. boy.
Frank and Dorothy B. Nigh, boy.
Alfred D. and Nancy A. Wilkinson,
William F. and omie e. Sweeney,
John F. and Ellen Reeking.- girl.
Benjamin C. and Margaret L. Kownig,
Thomas ]. and Katherine A. soper,
Charles L. and Edna A. Howe, girl,
. william r. and May G. Manning