davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Imperial Valley press., 1931-06-20

Wonder what Mussolin would do if
the vowel were lost from the Italian al
phabet
Imperial Valley press., 1931-06-20

Drop In Wine Worries French Cham
ber", headline states. Drops of wine
is what worries the u. S. A.
Imperial Valley press., 1931-06-20

The concrete foundation at the
Holton Power company plant nears
completion and work soon will be-
gin on the superstructure. The
water cooling tower was completed
and is in commission. Day and
night crews are constantly at work
at the ice plant.
Imperial Valley press., 1931-06-20
Looking Backward
What the Press Files Tell of
IPnperial Valley for This Date
In Past Years
TWENTY YEARS AGO
June 20, 1911

The first commercial crop of SUI
gar beets to be raised in Imperial
Valley is now rolling toward Phoe-
nix. They were raised by Fritz
Kloke of Calexico. Shipments are
to be made soon from the Cudahy
ranch across the international line
at Cocapah.
Imperial Valley press., 1931-06-20

Anyhow Mr.. Vanderbilt furnished Mr..
Arno with some good subjects for car
featuring.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-09-26

really does how much you decide pend-e point at the
very and discrimination which part being should be
reflected ones gift With this thought mind Woodward Loop has
actually sopPed and sopped this country and the gift Of the world
Now these great gift collections with hundreds Of gifts ready kp You
solve your wedding gift problems the possible way-a inexpensive
costly you please your gift will that you may Be really proud g
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-09-26

start over again. He would rather be
idle O day than spend some hours
visiting his exchange complying with
the paper work necessary to keen his
unemployment record straight. The
new abuse is loading the system with
the names Of part-time workers who
do not need the dole to live upon. but
IL Is entirely lawful under the recent
freedom given the unemployed by the
1890 act; any effort to remove this tyne
of abuse will be resisted by the political
forces which since 1920 have added is
liberalizing amendments to the general
unemployment plan.
I talked with an intelligent member
of the labor union. who expressed re-
gret at these legalized abuses of the
system, but said these did not bring
the fundamental principles of the in
stitution under criticism"
THE system has done too much for
labor to be condemned merely because
e has built up faults" said he. "It
has kept the laboring man fit. When
recovery comes 1t will find him normal
in health. in spirits and without a
swamp Of debt"
This is a standard claim and you
hear 1t wherever you touch the labor
union thought. It is uttered to match
the argument of the other side that the
dole has demoralized labor and builded
a chronic class of idlers.
I obtained from a government worker
in one of the smaller labor exchanges
sympathetic study which I feel pre-
sentS fairly this phase of the problem
Il think, said he, that you can put
1t down that 90 per cent of this Brit
iSh labor crowd are decent workingmen
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-09-26
The Dole in England
Jobless Can Work in Mills Three Days for Full Pay,
Under Ldw and Go on Dole
for Three Days.
for Three Days.

women for three daya each. Under
the new rules unemployed persons do
not lose their eligibility by working
three days week, so they work at the
mills three days for full pay, then go
upon the dole for three days. If they
worked four days in any week they
could draw no doles. The employer
and the beneficiary of the dole GIus
plan an advantage which Is somewhat
mutual. The employer has no over
time, no problem over those he has to
lay off for period. It keeps his list in
beautifully elastic state, with an
ample and satisfied surplus at all times.
In the old days it was no unusual thing
for the mill to be shut down day or
two per week and no particular hard
ship was felt by the workers because
they lost day or so. The average
skilled wage in the district in which
1 made this inquiry is SIS per week
therefore the people drew $3.50 for
wages and an average of So for half
weeks dole, thus getting up to $1,000
for half weeks work and q half
weeks idleness.
1t is becoming a typical arrange
ment all over England and enlargeS
the dole list because 1t makes every
regular employee likewise a dole taker.
All over the kingdom labor exchanges
are urging workers to stay on four
days, thus putting another days pay
on the employer and taking three days
off the dole, but here again the rules
interfere because 1t means that the
dole taker thus loses his weekly eligi-
bility and must 60 to the exchange and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-09-26

They stand the dole about q year with
out deterioration. Then its effect be-
comes noticeable with the best Of them.
They become adjusted to the dole and
habituated to idleness. II you are
going into it in the States as . gov
eminent you ought to provide some
form of public work or any other kind
Of work which may be given in return
for the money necessary TO provide
their comfort. The women seem less
period of getting money regularly Tor
idleness. The most grievous thing, Of
course, Is its effect upon the young:
It is difficult to make a traditional
British craftsman out Of a young per-
son who has learned how to live on
the dole"
His suggestion that our Government.
in case it adopts the system, should
find something for the women TO do Is
reflected by a statement made by Sir
Philip Gibbs at an earlier date:
eff the money spent on the dole had
been spent in creating new work, de-
veloping new resources, getting jobs
done that want doing, it would have
produced new wealth and stimulated
the spirit of the nation. But all it has
done is TO keep people patient with
idleness and encourage them in the
able, or at least alive, even II they
never do a stroke of honest work. 1t
is helping to kill the initiative of the
younger crowd. There are youths in
England now who will lay off job
after a week or two because they are
fed up with work, and will take holi-
day ana draw the dole again for pocket
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-09-26
FURNACE PLANNED
TO TEST SUNS HEAT
Apparatus to Be Set Up for
California Institute OF
Technology.
BY THOMAS r. HENRY.

Pians for q solar furnace which VIII
produce temperatures In the laboratory
approaching those known to exist on
the surface Of the sun were described
here today by DR.. Russell w. Porter,
physicist of the California Institute OF
Technology.
he was in washington consulting
with Bureau of Standards officials
collaborating with DR.. John A. Ander-
son of the Carnegie Institution Of
Washington.
Sustained Temperatures running in
The neighborhood of 10000 degrees
(Fahrenheit) will be possible in this
furnace, Porter says. The heat will be
Obtained directly from the sun itself.
Radiation from the suns surface will
be received through 10 lenses, each two
feet in diameter. Nineteen mirrors will
reflect the beams from the 10 lenses
through finch lenses. Finally this
merged sunlight will be concentrated
on q spot about the size OF little
i1ngernail inside a vacuum tube. No
substance on earth could endure such
q terrific heat without becoming gas.
Provides for Tests.
Various substances can be intro
to heat equivalent to that measured by
astronomers on the suns surface. Thus
It will be possible to study the various
physical and chemical reactions to mat
ter as they probably take place on the
sun itself. The great difficulty OF de-
termining physical conditions on the
sun in the past has been that 1t has
been impossible to duplicate in the lab
oratory the physical conditions of heat
and pressure to which matter is sub
jected on the surface of that star.
The device is planned entirely for the
experimental work of the California
Institute Of Technology. 1t will repre-
sent the closest approach yet made to
solution of the problem of making the
suns enormous output Of energy, the
sole source of energy on earth, directly
available to man. It is the same energy
which now is obtained through the
combustion of organic substances, such
as coal and oil, and through water
power, where it is stored up for GEN.
turtles. An enormous amount Of energy
IS lost in the storing process. The
solar furnace, as planned by Porter and
Anderson, will be altogether too costly
device for any industrial application
at present.
Porter. a former Arctic explorer, who
Is also cooperating In the construction
Of the 200-inch reflector telescope, now
under way for the Mount Wilson OBJ
servatory. was In washington today
accompanied by James Stokley, aSso-
ciate director in charge of astronomy
Of the Franklin Institute.
Mount PaIOmar Likely Site.
The new 200-inch mirror Of the tele-
scope, twice the size of any such mir
Tor now In existence, Porter said, Will
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-09-26
By HENRY J. ALLEN.


Former United States Senator and Governor
OF Kansas.
Friday at eleven o'clock I visited a
Labor Exchange at Huddersfield, forty
miles out Of Manchester. At this hour
on Friday the cashier of every Labor
Exchange in England opens his window
and begins the weekly payoff. This
town. full of textile mills, was hard hit
by the depression. With total popula-
ton of 100000, it has an insurable list
of $4,000, and on the day 1 visited the
exchange paid out benefits to 10000
who were eligible to the dole. OF these
beneficiaries 1850 were men; 4,778
women, 315 bows and 1856 girls.
I stood by the pay windows long
while as the great line filed past.
Among the men noted that the ma
Sc SO in our money. 1t would be dole
for a man and his dependent wife.
Frequently it would go up 81 and
I knew there were two children in the
family. Occasionally 1t went consid-
erably higher. The boys between is
and is drew shillings and pence,
slightly under 81. The spectacle took
on real emphasis when realized that
all over the British Kingdom at this
nOur nearly S,UUO,UUO unemployed were
waiting in similar queues and that by
nightfall they will have drawn some
thing like $15.000,000 as compensation
for q week of idleness.
On the average. it amounted to bet
ter than half wage at normal times. To
some who would not have been EN-
ployed at all it represented a premium
on idleneSs.
At this place heard q great deal
about an abuse OF the dole, which,
while possible under the law of 1880,
is piling up new and sinister prob
lem. The mills take on men and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-09-26

be made of fused quartz ut Lynn. Mass,
and then shipped to California by
water for the finishing touches. The
most likely site where it will be set
up Is on the summit of Mount Palomar,
a mountain about 100 miles south of
Pasadena and 80 miles from the
Pacific. The telescope is being de-
signed especially to explore the island
universes"-that is, vast conglomera-
lions of stars outside the Milky Way
galaxy. of which the earth is q part,
and some of them as much as q million
light years away. This is the distance
at which light. travelling through space
at approximately 10000 miles a
second, would traverse In a million
years.
The new telescope will collect four
times as much light from these distant
objects as any now in existence and
will enable the astronomers to resolve
into distinctiveness objects in the
heavens which now seem no more than
smudges of light.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-09-26

money"
Some added emphasis on this
thought followed the report Of Lord
Mays Committee on Economy. This
report contained the suggestion that
some money could be saved in the
economy program necessary to balance
the budget by reducing the outlay for
the upkeep OF the roads. A demand
arose that instead of reducing upkeep
some of the beneficiaries OF the dole,
living in tdleness upon government
money, be transferred TO road work.
However, 1t would be difficult to make
these transfers out Of the fact that
these unemployed have not been train
ed for road work and could thus claim
exemption under the act on the ground
that 1t was not suitable employment. :"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-09-26
Science
MGgic Still Evident In
Rural Belgium.

The magic Of pref Christian Europe
still Is evident among the country peo-
pie Of Belgium and there may have
been some revival since the war.
DR.. Franz NJ. Olbrechts Of the Royal
Museum of Art and History, Brussels,
has just sent to the United States Ma
tional Museum collection of tiny wax
and silver images collected in the near
ny countryside during the present year.
These are known as ''ex-votos," DR.. OIL
brechts says, and are offered at GER
tain shrines to obtain cures for SPECIFIC
ailments, although the practice Is Sc
verely condemned by the church.
The ex-voto," he says, usually rep
resents the part of the body affected
as the ears, the teeth, the eyes or the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-09-26

breast One Of these would ba offered
for the cure Of horse. Some represent
pigs and chickens. For children's
diseases small baby In wax or silver
Is offered. The practice Is 80 strongly
embedded in popular belief, dating hack
to heather times IN Europe, that a "a
impossible to destroy the custom"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-09-26
Freighter Runs Aground.

TAMPA, Fla. September 26 IN
The freighter Shutters Island. bound
from the Florida West Coast to New
York with q cargo of phosphate, was
hard and fast aground in Tampa Bay
yesterday. Stevedores were engaged In
removing 1000 tons OF phosphate from
her hold. Two tugs have tried In vain
to move her.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-09-26

Sixth OF . series Of articles, based
upon flrst-hand. intimate study OF
conditions. in every section OF the
British Isles. describing the history,
and economic effect OF The Dole
upon every class of population.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-09-26
107 FLYERS GRADUATED
Three From Capital Complete Ad-
vanced Army Course.

Three Washingtonians are among the
lot students who will graduate October
10 from the Advanced Flying School at
Kelly Field, Tex. They will receive the
wing insignia of the Army Air Corps
indicating they are pilots with the rank
of second lieutenant.
They are James e. DeMarco, 1910
Branch avenue southeast; Henry E.
Wheeler. u. S. Bureau of Public Roads.
and Troup Miller, jr., q member of
the 1880 class at West Point, who for
merly resided at the Army War College.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-09-26
Wedding Invitations
Announcements

demand fastidious regard for
both correctness and fashion
and, with full appreciation
of this regard, the Woodward
& Lothrop Engraving Service,
offers this wedding service in
the approved manner Of the
most discriminating.
IL Observation-Disclosures and an
nouncements will be addressed
and mailed, for q slight addi-
tional charge.
ENGRAVING, FIRST FLOOR.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-09-26
The Wedding Gifts ShosUs

The Wedding Gifts ShotUs
-Two.tone Woollen Blankets, IN
lovely colorinss, satin bound,
72x84, $40.
BLANKETS, SECOND FLOOR.
R-Cast Brass Andirons, in a very
graceful design, $17; others $40
to $22.
FIREPLACE ACCESSORIES
FIFTH FLOOR.
C-RoyaI Sarouk Rugs, from q par.
ticulsrly choice and distinctive
collection; average 4x7 size,
Sis; other sizes from SIS to
$685..
RUGS, FIFTH FLooR.
Beautiful Imported Service
Plates, in gold, black, or green,
$50 dozen; others $24.7S to $125.
CHINA, FIFTH FLOOR.
E-Crystal Stemware Service, in
the beautiful rock crystal design,
Sl2 dozen; others SIS to $50.
GLASSWARE, FIFTH FLOOR.
r Electric Waffle Iron, Universal
make; chromium plated, with
automatic heat indicator, $l2.50;
others $S.4S to $l4.SO.
ELECTRIC APPLIANCES
FIFTH FLOOR.
Embroidered Linen Luncheon
Set, including Is pieces-runner,
place doilies, 6 napkins, $5.9S;
others to SIS.
LINENS, SECOND FLOOR.
H-Carved Oak Coffee Tables, a
Belgian import, with marble top,
two styles, $40 each; others $lS
to SIS.
GIFT SHOP, SEVENTH FLOOR.
T Gothic. design Electric Clock
famous Waterbury model; bake
lite finish, 1925; others to $110.
CLOCKS, FIRST FLOOR.
7 Sterling Silver Sherbets, gold
lined; set of 6, SIS; others $17
to $50 set.
SnvERwARE, FIRST FLOOR.
K-FIemstitched Damask Dinner
Set, with 68xS6 cloth and 8
napkins, $10.05.
LINENS, SECOND FLOOR.
Drum Table, m h ogany or
crotch walnut; Duncan Phyfe
design, $40; others $ll.50 to
$3.50
FURNITURE, SIXTH FLOOR.
-GirandoIe Mirrors, with thirteen
balls and eagle-eilt frame, $40.
Others 81 to $35.
MIRRORS, SIXTH FLOOR.
N-Alabaster Lamp, in lovely agate
color, two-lieht portable, $3.50;
Silk Shade, in a new fringed de-
sign, $40; other portables, IS
to $3.50.
LAMPS, SEVENTH FLOOR.
O-The Westinghouse Columaire
Radio, with electric clock-full
size, 9.tube screen grid, super.
heterodyne chassis, $99.S0. Reg
ular list price was $l96.S0.
RADIOS, FOURTH FLOOR.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-09-26

In addition-Your Wedding Gifts will be
"Gift-wrapped'-s that they will make
most presentable appearance-and, when
shipping charges are not disproportionate to
the price of the article, gifts will be sent with
out additional eharge>to any shipping point in
the continental United States.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-08-27
SEC. STIMS0N
and MCDONALD
TALK POLICIES

LONDON. Aug. q. CP-Secretary
OF State Henry L. StimSon strobe
into Downing street this morning
before the usual crowd had gathered
and had breakfast with Prime Minis
ter Macdonald.
He was the first foreign statesman
OF note 70 visit Mr.. Macdonald since
the labor government fell and the
national non-pa-tiSan government
vas installed.
Informal Call.
1t was the nature OF an informal
call and no statement concerning IL
was issued but Ii was widely COM
mented that q meeting OF this kind
could not have taken place without
discussion OF relations between Great
Britain and the u. s.
The cabinet has got down 10 busi-
ness with meetings OF two COM
mites appointed BY the prime minis
ter yesterday. One Is outlining
economy legislation and the other
Is considering the general state or
parliamentary work before the spe-
cial session begins ON Sept. 8.
Mr.. Macdonald worn out BY three
weeks OF unremitting labor. Is 60
ing back 10 LOSSiemouth tonight for
n rest, but will return 10 his office
here Sunday to prepare for Mondays
full cabinet meeting.
Eyes on League.
Lord Reading. the new foreign
secretary. has turned his attention
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-08-27
NEW YORK COTTON

NEW YORK. Aug. q. tAPl-Cotton
opened steady today. 3 to 5 points
higher on overnight buying orders
evidently brought IN BY the f!rmer &C
ton OF the market here late yester-
day.
Liverpool. however. failed 70 fully meet
the New York closing prices OF the
previous day and offerings here In
creased after the initial demand had
been supplied. with prices selling OF
from TAO to 722 FOR December and
from 40 10 753 for March or 10 10
IS points net lower. And the decline
seemed 70 reflect realizing or resellin~
by some Of Yesterdays buyers. while
there was also some selling here for New
Orleans and Liverpool account.
Liverpool cables said covering and
continental buying had been supplied
by realizing IN that market and report
Cd Manchester cuiater I'm cloth and
warm sales unimportant. Egvptain cot
ton futures in Alexandria were q 20 "a
points higher and the Indian spot
quotation in Liverpool was q points
hirher.
Offerings tanared or after the close
n Liverpool while the outlook for n
renewal Of showcrv weather over much
~ the south seemed q check -uDon sell
ing otherwise. and the market was
ste- dier late In the morning. December
contracts sold UP % 1872 and March 10
T61 on covering. making rallies of about
10 points from the lowest and the mar
ket was ruling about 3 10 Z points net
lower at MIDDAY.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-08-27
VALLEY MAN
IS NAMED BY
DICTIONARIES

Ell PASO. Aug. 27=P-Soldiers
OF 1917 parted for another year
today as they turned homeward
from the convention OF the Texas
department Of the American Legion.
Corpus Christi was chosen the
1892 convention city at the final
session last night and ". Earl carp.
S-weetwater attorney, was elected
department commander by accla-
nation. He succeeded Hal Brennan
Of Laredo.
Work Pointed Out
The delegates heard an address
by Ralph T. O'Neil OF Topeka,
national legion commander. He
aid there was much unemployment
among veterans and the legion was
working to relieve il.
Other officers: Division Com
manders, c. G. Patterson Of Fort
Worth. Carl Nesbitt OF Mineola. /.
II. Bortz Of Bryan. DR.. w. w. Utz-
man OF McAllen, a. Garland Adair
OF McCamey; treasurer. w. F..
Spiegel Of Port Arthur, reelected.
Resolutions urged 'fortificatiOn
and protection" Of the government
helium plant at Amarillo, rescind-
ing OF a war department order
abandoning Fort .. A. Russell and
other Texas military posts. dis
charge OF federal women employees
whose husbands were able to sup
port them. establishment OF n
federal hospital at Texarkana: and
extension for another five years Of
the date for conversion OF war Eisk
insurance, now set for July 2, 1882.
Bureaus Lauded
A resolution expressing apprecia-
ton OF the work OF veterans bu-
reaus III Texas. Oklahoma and New
Mexico was amended 10 exclude s.
p. KOhn, adjudication officer in
the bureau at Dallas.
Another resolution. brought 10
the floor on a minority report of
one committee member and pro-
testing use Of military forces "in
the interest OF any class Of bust
ness or industry was ruled out OF
order.
Port Arthur won the drum and
bugle contest, Wichita Falls a cup
for the largest new member en-
rollment this year, and Taylor a
cup for community service.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-08-27
COTTON BILL BEFORE
LOUISIANA HOUSE

BATON ROUGE. La, Aug. 81.
P-Gov. Huey p. Longs cotton pro
hibition bill took its place on the
calendar Of the Louisiana house OF
representatives today with favorable
II ion recommended by the COM
mttee Of agriculture.
The committee reported favoTably
IN the bin yesterday after insert
ne a section TO authorize the gov
.rnor TO suspend its operation II
Itates raising Is per cent OF the cot
on crop fail TO pass a similar ac'
lgainstN the growth 81 cotton IN 1882.
With the insertion OF this pro-
'ision. the house has asked TO pass
he measure quickly today and send
{ TO the senate TO complete the
purpose OF the special session called
W Gov. Long. The law was designed
o improve cotton prices and give
he crop a rest from disease and
tests.
Political circles rumored that Gov.
song might ask the legislature to
rant him an official leave 10 cam
align the south for the no cotton
i'll.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-08-27
MISCELLANEOUS DATA
SUMMARY

Barometric pressure was moder-
ately low TO low from Arizona and
New Mexico northeastward TO
South-central Canada (29.52 at
Winnipeg, and relatively to mod
erately high over the eastern and
far northwestern states this morn
ing. Scattered rains occurred in
the great central valleys during the
last "a hours in advance Of the
northwestern disturbance. Temp
eratures were also rather high prac-
tically throughout the Plains states
yesterday and this morning. Fair
and considerably cooler weather
prevailed practically throughout
the Rocky Mountain and Plateau
regions this morning in connec-
ton with the Canadian high pres
Ne area.