davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-23
MASS UNEMPLOYMENT
IN CHESTER

lief drives carried on by the bosses and corrupt
politicians. An employment" agency is main
tanned by the city where jobless workers register
and apply for relief" Thousands of workers
have applied at this agency for employment
but there are no jobs in Sightl The following in
cident is an example of the sort Of relief"
handed out by the corrupt city administration.
Negro worker, unemployed for number OF
months, applied at the agency for relief. He
explained that he, and his wife, had not seen
any food for number of days and were on the
point of passing out through starvation He
also related their landlord was demanding his
three months rent due to him. He received four
dollars for period of two weeks and then was
informed that the agency was in no position to
do anything else for himi Little wonder that
this particular worker remarked that he would
like to know who was pocketing all the money
being collected during the present relief" drive.
The Ford Motor Co. is not immune from con-
trbuting a little fake relief measure of its own.
The manager of the plant visits the homes of
the jobless workers applying for employment at
the plant. When he finds out that the particu-
lar worker visited is in dire need five dollars
worth of food is donated by this generous soup'
in emulation Of his master, Henry Ford. The
unemployed worker is then hired IN the plant,
repaying the five dollars from his wages, and
replacing another worker in the plant at less
wageSI This is Ford's method OF relieving the
unemployment situation!
The Chester Unemployed Council, affiliated to
the Trade Union Unity League began an in
tensive campaign to organize the thousands of
jobless Negro and white workers. The first
council meeting called was attended by fifty
workers, forty of whom were Negroes. Thefol-
lowing day demonstration was held with over
500 attending Following the demonstration a
march was conducted to the Unemployed Coun-
Gil headquarters where another meeting was held
with over 100 present. Seventy-five per cent OF
these we're Negros. The Council is now growing
very rapidly. The next regular meeting brought
out an attendance of 100. Feb. 25th will wit
ness thousands in demonstration for unemploy-
ment insurance and immediate relief. Follow
ing the demonstration a mass unemployment
conference will be held March 7th, 2:30 p. m.
at Lithuanian Hall, 4th and Upland SITS. The
call for the conference has been sent to Negro
churches and organizations, fraternal organiza-
tons and clubs, ex-serucemens leagues, A. F.
of L, locals ETC. The conference will work out
a program for strikes against high rents and
for lower prices of food. Block councils will also
be organized to combat evictions. All workers
organizations are advised to send their dele
gates to this conference. Regular meetings of
the Council are held every Monday and Thurs
day, II a. m. at 100 west 3rd st.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-23
A Red Magazine for Workers
Children

THERE is no working-cl class literature in Eng
i fish for children. There are no story books
plays or magazines for workers children.
What do the children read?
Books of imaginary adventure, fairy tales
tales of history, ma1-.lcry heroes in imaginary
worlds These books and magazines are all
highly colored capitalist propaganda, but they
are gay and attractive with colors and illustra-
lions. Besides the more harmless propaganda
there is open fascist and imperalist propa
garl0a, such as the boy scouts magazines camp
fire magazines, glowing tales of the world war,
and so on Some tales attempt to make the
children of the working class content with cold
and hunger as the highest state of heroism and
religion. The bourgeoisie know well how to
propaganda and misead the children of the
masses. They know we'll how to sugar-coat and
cover their capitalist theology with romance, adj
venture, color and poetry. This is old stuff. The
churches have always used it. The movies are
full Of it. It is one of the main functions of
the public schools All the books in the school,
room are used to glorify tyrants past and pres
ent, their laws and their wars.
What Shall the Children Read?
What, then, is left for the children of the
working class to read? There is nothing, for
we have as yet no literature for the children
The Pioneer with its two pages and its
cramped means, did not begin to fulfill this need.
1t lacked all that such paper should have in
order to attract the children. 1t was only be-
ginning; no more than that.
We Must Have Magazine for the Children.
We must have a magazine that will appeal to
all the children; a magazine that will contain so
many departments that it will attract. and hold
the interest of all types of the children of the
masses. Some children want real stories. We
will have these stories with real heroes-heroes
Of the working class. We have many of them
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-23
The Fight Against Hunger
BY W. ENsEE tLondon).

THIS pamphlet consists of the Statement pre-
l pared by the Central Committee of the Com
munist Party of the u. S. A. and presented to
the notorious Fish Committee when that body
subpoenaed Comrade w. g. Foster to attend be-
fore 1t to give evidence. AS is pointed out in the
introduction, the real purpose of the Fish Com
mittee, which was appointed by the House OF
Representatives after the outbreak OF the crisis
in America and after the Communist Party had
led more than one and a quarter million unenl-
ployed workers onto the streets, and whose
alleged task was to Investigate Communist ac-
tivities in the U. S. A." was to prepare the
ground for series of new laws and admins
trative measures directed against the U. S. s. R.
and against all militant workers and WORKERS.
organizations. In fact it is the United States
governments reply to the growing radicaliza-
ton of the workers of America, which has been
enormously accelerated by the crisis rS
In its Statement the Communist Party of
America made full use of the opportunity In
order fearlessly and ruthlessly to expose the
true state of affairs in capitalist America and
"the rottenness that has penetrated every phase
of American society" Point by point the indict-
ment is piled up against American capitalism
and its representatives, including the members
of the Fish Committee. 1t sets forth without
reserve the facts Of the nine million unemployed
the super abundance of wealth; the terrorist.
methods employed by the authorities and the
employers against striking and demonstrating
workers; the brutal cubbings shootings, prison
and death sentences: the Negro lynchings and
the persecution Of foreign-born workers; the
wholesale ruin OF the farmers; the fierce cam
paign of wage-cuts which set in after the agree
ment concluded between Hoover and Green that
there should be no strikes nor wage reductions
teven according to the faxed figures Of the
Board of Labor, in 1880 alone the American
workers suffered wage reductions to the amount
OF $SoO0,00o000 while in some industries wage
cutting amounted to so per cent?. All these
facts were flung into the teeth Of the gentlemen
of the Fish Committee set up to Investigate
Communist activities in the United States"
while the statement repeatedly emphasizes that
it is only the Communist Party that is organ
izing and leading the fight Of the working
masses, Negro and white, employed and unem-
ployed, and hence the reason for the growing
influence Of the Party.
Special reference is made to the growing
danger OF war Is result Of the tremendous
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-23
Demonstrate February 18th!

way reduction of wages and an extension of
working hours, under terrific speed-up In this
way they hope to be able to force the standard
of living of the workers and their families, to
the lowest level
1t is the unquestionable duty of the workers in
the shops, to defend themselves against the
criminal attacks of the capitalists. and the gov
ernments that protect the capitalists by form
ing a revolutionary united front with the I'M
employed, to organize the counter offensive of
the toiling masses, and carrying through the
following demands:
/. That unemployment insurance shall be adj
ministered to the jobless. by Workers Com
mission elected solely by employed and unem-
ployed workers, in the amount of SIS week to
a single worker, and if married, So additional
for each dependent. This insurance shall be
raised by levying on capital and property ac-
cumulated in excess of $4,000, and by a grad
uated tax on all incomes over $4,000 year, by
converting all war funds, to the fund for I'M
employment insurance.
g. That unemployed shall be free from the
necessity of paying rent and taxes. Children Of
unemployed shall receive free lunches in school.
and free transportation to and from school.
8. Against wage cuts, injunctons against the
stagger system
The Workers International Relief has sup
ported the unemployed in their struggle for I'M
employment insurance, for work and bread. The
Workers International Relief now appeals to all
individual and collective members and sympa-
thizers to devote their strength to the fight for
the demands of the unemployed. The Workers
International Relief stands for decisive strug-
gle against the national and international ex-
poiters and oppressors of the working class.
All out on the streets! Demonstrate! Feb
ruary 25th
International Committee of the
Workers International Relief,
Berlin.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-23
By MAC HARRIS.

NIRE poverty and misery confronts thousands
~ of jobless workers in this highly industrial
lied city. Sixty thousands are listed as the
residential population, twelve thousand CT whom
are Negroes. The working population is COM
posed of thirty thousand, fifty per cent of whom
are at present unemployed.
One wear ago workers from nearby cities mi
grated to Chester to meet the demand for labor.
Today the following situation prevails in the
more important plants. Sun Shipbulldlng Co.,
normally employing twelve thousand, now oper-
sting with one thousand workers. Ford Motor
Co. employing five thousand during normal OPP
erations, is at present running with 800 workers.
Vscose Textile Mill, employing five thousand
normally, today operating with approximately
900
These figures display the effect of the eco
nomic crisis upon the workers. The crisis worsens
as the policy of mass lay-offs is continued by
the bosses. Last week the Sun Shipyard laid off
500 workers and 200 additional Negro workers
during the course of this week. In addition to
this wage cuts and new forms of speed-up con-
tinue in all the industries, The most highly
skilled labor in the Sun Shipyard receives an
approximate sixty-eight cents per hour, while
laborers are paid forty cents per hour. The
textile mills employing thousands of young work
erS, pay their employees anywhere from eight
to twelve dollars per week.
Discrimination on a large scale is practiced
against the Negro workers. Negro workers are
hired as common laborerS in the Sun Shipyard
receiving forty cents per hour. despite the fact
that many of them are skilled mechanics. In
isolated cases they are permitted to do more
skilled work operating lathes, milling machines
etc. working side by side with white workers,
but nevertheless receiving far less pay. The
Ford Motor Co. refuses to hire any Negro
workers Negro workers are the first to be laid
off in the industries where they are granted
employment.
The unemployment situation has played havoc
upon the living standards of the Negro workers.
The homes in which they dwell are in many
respects far worse than those of the white
workers Five to six persons dwell in one
room. There are no bathtubs, basin or any
other means of sanitation. Lamps and candles
are the means utilized for furnishing lights.
Many sleep on the floors for lack of beds. Most
Of these "shacks" are in dilapidated condition.
Despite these deplorable conditions the land
lords demand their exorbtant rents. Many Of
these Negro families are confronted with evc-
tons and sheriff sales.
This city is no exception to the many fake re-
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-23
Better Housing

The Survey" of Feb Is, carries an article
by Blocker Marquette, who is executive secre-
tary of the Better Housing League OF Cincin-
natl, in which that writer tells all about how
bad housing is.
But then something else is let loose also. 1t il
said that "high building costs have been TN
main obstacle" to better housing. And now, sayi
the article, is the time to correct all that. chi
reason being that labor is plentiful.
But that is not enough apparently, because
after saying that This, then, is the time to I'M
terest people of wealth to- put up capital fol
better housing we are told that:
ct is not unlikely that building labor would
under existing conditions, be willing to COM
tribute an hour of work day"
1t is possible that the "Better Housing" ex|
pert and Associated Industries may put thu
over, but if our building trades comrades in TIL
r. U. U. L. will be more active in the futurI
than they have in the past, the building worker
will have something to say about II.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-23
of Pnre;hlc"

Here's tough one A fellow writes to
editor of the N. Y. Eyeri',gg Wo@,d Feb q
admitting that things a,c in a. heck Of a me
but posing this problem: Eyls Nage
Some way must be found, If possible, witho
resorting to Communism, to prevent profitet
Ing" n
For the benefit Of innocent bystanders, ",
say. brother. that 1t isn't possible.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-23
Seattle Community Fund Feeds
Hungry with Sympathy

CRY stomach. In the face of the impossibihty
of securing a job, or even relief, they have the
nerve to tell the workers about self -mainten-
ance and independence" AT time when the
U. S. Treasury is giving billions OF dollars to
the ship owners which is form of "main-
tenance and relief" for the capitalist class and
the millionaires who do not need relief and are
not in starving condition, but instead live in
luxury and plenty, these social welfare agencies
know better than to talk to miIlionaires who
receive these billions of dollars in benefits and
welfare from the capitalist government
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-23
Believe 1t Or Not

But we're not the only ones who see war cloud
riding on the winds. The French paper Il
Sor" is not Communist paper, but quotatio
dropped on our desk by conrade cites it
saying:
"Those who doubt that the thoughts of man
are not already turning to a next war, Shout
visit the shipyards, where work is being carrie
on night and day to turn out new inen-of-warI
And with France announcing that 1t intend
to build all the warships 1t can and Italy coui1
tering with the slogan: "Ton for ton and gu
for gun" to BUILD the same, England is plain
stating that 1t may have to- build more tina
the famous London disarmament treaty pre-
vded. s s u
And all the while, fiercer and stronger grow
the war cries in all capitalist countries again
the Soviet Union Reich Industry Now Fea
Red Trade Menace" says the headline over
story by H. r. Knickerbocker from Berlin, in Il
N. Y. Post of Feb. 13. lss. az
He says that the "Bergwerks zeitung," pap
of the leading arch conservative big business
which has till now 'pooh-poohed" the Five Ye
Plan, has switched over to seeing it succe
and is having Fish fever over dumping
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-23

crisis of capitalism and particularly to the prep
arations for irnperialist war against the Soviet
Union. A striking contrast is drawn between con-
ditions in the United States and in the Soviet
Union where increased production and every
improvement in industrial technique brings only
benefit to the workers in the shape Of reduced
hours and a higher standard of living and cul-
ture, and where socialism is being successfully
built up under the Five-Year Plan.
The report of the Fish Committee, which has
been published in the meantime, fully confirms
the accuracy of the American Communist Party's
estimate of this committee and its denuncation
of the sinister plans behind 1t. AS an exposure
OF the Fish Committee and the circumstances
under which 1t was set up this pamphlet de-
serves the widest possible circulation among the
workers of America.
Fright Against Hunger, Statement drafted by
the C.fP. U. s.. and presented to the Fish
Committee by William z. Foster Workers
Library Publishers. New York. Price cents
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-02-23

IN February 25th of this year, Is millions of
unemployed will demonstrate in all capitalist
countries, against the mass unemployment that
has been created through national and interna-
offensive that has been organized by capitalism
in its attempt to satisfy a desire for ever
increasing profits, which is abandoning millions
of men, women, and children to misery and
starvation, such as there has never been before.
National and international capital are not only
attacking the unemployed through this hunger
offensive, but by creating these enormous armies
Of unemployed, it is organizing pressure upon
those still at work. They carry through in this
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-10-01

BY the Associated Press.
~ T. LOUIS, October 1-Scalpers
were asking from $3.50 to SIS
for $3.50 reserved seat for the
game between the Athletics and
Cardinals. Seats priced at $3.50 were
located beyond the first and third base
lines. Internal revenue agents were
circulating through hotel Hobbies, cigar
stores and other places where tickets
might be sold to see that only registered
scalpers were dealing in them.
The world champion Athletics were
quoted at 1-to-2 favorites to defeat the
Cardinals by Tom Kearney, st. Louis
betting commissioner. The Athletics
also were held by Kearney as to S
to win any one game and to on
four straight.
William Klein of the National League
is umpire in chief OF the world series.
KLEIN is entering his fifteenth series,
record unequaled by any other umpire.
Since the two major leagues use base
balls that are slightly different, the Ma
tional League ball will be in play in
OAAC 6dAAACo at OIs LOUIS anu JIle 61kAACA1~
can League ball at Philadelphia. I'm
like 1890, both base balls have raised
seams" The National League base ball
also has slightly thicker cover than
iE 1880, whereas the American League
cover is similar to a year ago.
Kenesaw Mountain Lands, commits
sioner of base ball, was busy individ-
ual trying to satisfy the demands Of
minor league club owners for world
series tickets. He ran out Of tickets
last night and was glad of it.
Four special trains will carry the
base ball players, sports writers and
fans to Philadelphia for the games to
be played there. The Athletics will re-
turn to Philadelphia on special train
Immediately after the second game to-
morrow. The Cardinals, however, will
not depart for Philly until Saturday
noon.
II AL Simmons chooses 70 hit home
run he will be obliged to drive the ball
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-10-01
20 YEARS AGO
IN THE STAR.

CEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY'S
" foot ball team opened its season
yesterday by drubbing Seaman
Gunners, 80 to O, but its showing
was rot altogether pleasing to Blue
and Gray followers G. U. players
included Bergen, Jameson, Hart,
Heiskell, Daley, Kraft, Stohlman,
Cunniff, Bryant, Greer, Wymard,
Rheimschild. Hegarty, Mcnamara,
Sitterding, Costello, Quinlan, White,
Daugherty. Fury and Murray
Gallaudet drubbed Tech High, 81
to O. The Kendall Greeners used
the following: Battiste, captain; Rem
dali, Keeley, Miller, Decker, west
Roller, Rockwell, Moore, Foltz, Cles-
sen, Jacobson and Hedhiil. Teens
players included Mckinney, White,
Sturmsnn, Lewis, Eckendcrf, cap
tain; Knight, Heine, Haight, Thomp-
son, Nelson. O'Connell, Stead, Davis,
Fraser, Lewis and Putnam.
Maryland Aggies and Richmond
College tied, 90, as Parker, former
Eastern High player, starred Tor
the Farmers. Maryland was repre-
sented by Johnson, Posey, Koehler,
Williams, Augustus, Kemp, Parker,
Trax, White. Shipley and Rowland.
Eastern High walloped Virginia A.
c., team composed mostly of for
mer schoolboy luminaries, % to O.
Eastern's players included Cremer,
Leonard, Hughes, Fisher, Duvall, Nc
Coy. Manning, Wells, Cohill, Weaver
and Baker. v. A. C. used Wilcox,
Mann, Chase, G. Colwell, williams.
Henderson, Perrin, Tebbs, Weitzell,
.. smith and r. Colwel.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-10-01
TON|GHT'S MAT co
TRIAL FOR SH|KAT
Gets Match With Steele if He
Makes Good Showing
Against Katan.

w YHILE Sander Szabo and
M DR.. Ralph Wilson will
' Y bask in the mat spot
light tonight when they
oppose in the feature bout Of the
wrestling card to be presented at
Griffith Stadium, no little interest
will be attached to the Dick
Shikat- John Katan match. 1t was
learned from Promoter Joe Tur-
ner this morning that should
Shikat make a creditable showing
the local matchmaker has prom
iSed to match Shikat and Ray
Steele for next Tuesday.
Turner advised that Shikat Is all set,
negotiations having been made with his
manager, Toots Mondt. Steele, how
ever, is said to be holding out for
$4,000. but with prospects of q record
breaking crowd, Turner intends to close
the match.
Szabo and Wilson will wrestle tonight
in a finish match at the stadium.
Though both are more Noted here for
their proflles than for their wrestling,
they should put up a good exhibition.
Szabo. at around 1885 pm. tonight.
however. should be sitting on wilson's
futilly protesting chassis.
Other bouts in addition to the final
and Semi-final include: Pat O'Shocker
VS.. Ivan Vacturoff, Tiny Roebuck vs.
Don lie Laun and Carl Pojello VS..
Floyd Marshall
The first bout will start at $50
o'clock. Women with escorts will be
admitted free to all except ringside
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-10-01
Mat Matches

BY the Associated Press.
NEW YORK.-Joe "Toots" Mondt,
227, Colorado, threw Ivan Vernyhora,
210, Russia, 57:10; George Gala, 218,
Italy, threw Benny Ginsburg, 220, Chi
cage. 20:12; Gino Garibaldi, 21O, Italy,
threw Abe Kashey, 202, Syria, 16:45;
Frank Speers, 220, Oklahoma, threw
Farmer" Bill Nelson, 210, st. Louis,
e:35; AL Pierotti, 212, Boston. threw
Wanka Zelesniak, 213, Russia, 1892.
BOSTON.-Arthur Flynn, Lawrence,
Mass, defeated Sehib Sebeg. Turkey, 2
out Of falls (heavyweights).
ST. LOUIS.-Jim Londos, 205, Greece,
threw Hans Kampfer, 220, Germany,
1:1I:00;. George zaharias, 229, Colo
RADIO, threw Paul Jaones, 20S, Texas,
80 :02; Ernie Dusek, 215, Nebraska,
threw Jack Burke. 2o5. Davenport.
iowa, 9:05. -
QUEBEC, Quebec-Henri Deglane,
2l8, Montreal, defeated George zary-
noff, 200, Russia, 2 out of 3 falls first,
Deglane, 81 AS; second, zarynoff, ASH;
third, Deglane. 8:10).
PORTLAND, Oreg.-Abe Kaplin, 21S,
Montreal, threw DIR. Karl Sarpolis, ala,
Cleveland, 7:45; Pat MacKay, 212,
Memphis. Tenn. and Casey O'Dale, ais.
Columbus, Ohio, drew In I'VE rounds.