davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-08-22
Scranton Miners Fight Against U.M.WA.
Check>of System With Sticks and Stones

went in and shut the door until the
fight was over. Only two Of the
cash slips we're collected.
Driven from Convention
At the biennial convention of dis
trict l, Boylan and his gang refused
to let the rank and file into the
convention hall. Not only did he re-
fuse to let the miners into the hall
but instructed the police to drive
the miners away. All those that at
tempted to get into the hall were
arrested. The miners learned that
there was no use to pay dues to the
agents of the coal operators They
decided to keep their dollars in their
pockets.
This is the beginning of the fight
against the check-off system. There
will be many more fights at the pay
windows if the takers try to take the
miners money. The LOOMS miners
are preparing to strike against the
shutting down Of a section Of the
mines. There will soon be another
Glen Alden strike.
Miners Of this district and in all
the anthracite must learn that Boy
Ian, Brennan are takers working for
the bosses the same as Maloney,
Tornack, Davis and Daugherty
They are not fighting for the min
ers' interests, but for soft jobs for
themselves. There is no difference
whether Boylan, Brennan and Hart
neady betray us or Maloney, To-
mack and Daugherty. They are the
same agents Of the operators.
Build Rank and File Committees
We must organize ourselves into
rank and file committees in every
mine and in every local and take
the locals in our our hands. We must
form unity with the soft coal miners
in their struggles. We must form
unity with the National Miners Union
and fight against our common en-
emies, the operators and the takers
of the UMWA. This is the only way
we can win.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-08-22
2 MORE DIE FROM
STARVATION, N Y,
Found Dead in Park
on Waterfront

NEW 1OIh.
Daily Worker:
Another sample of starvation In
the midst of plenty manifested it,
self again in New York. Monday
morning two men were found dead
from starvation and exposure In
Battery Park, one at a. N. and
another at 8 am. So far have seen
nothing of this in any of the local
papers.
Had this occurred at the Seaman's
Institute the usual thing would have
happened: The reserve empty-alco-
hol-bottle-supply Ckept exclusively
for this purpose) could be tapped and
an empty be inserted into one of
each of these fellows pockets. Thus,
these benevolent custodians Of our
souls and destinies excuse them
selves at the expense of these poor
fellows character and regardless Of
the feelings Of their relatives.
We can now plainly see how well
these lads who brave the seas carry
ing on the country's commerce are
taken care of by ship operators and
the government.
Government subsidies for ship
owners and starvation for sailors.
"A Sailor On the Beach.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-08-22
Starving Mexican Workers
Terrorized By Deportation

They were telling how they just
barely made their living while work.
ing last year. Before this they said
that there were times during the
summer season they used to make
enough by skipping to live through
the winter months, but last year they
barely pulled through the summer
and this year they have nothing but
grass, fruit picked by the roadside
(When no one sees) and occasionally
a vegetable pulled out from some
patch. What they are going to do
when winter comes they do not
know. sThere is no prospect of get
ting food and they dare not apply to
charities, for they fear deportation.
TT viii be worse when they deport,"
they kept saying, "for they dump us
over the border and we surely will
die quick in the Mexican desert
like rats" They are ready to fight
for their lives here in this country,
they said.
The Daily Worker" was left with
them and they got their older chill
dren who attended school for a
couple of seasons to read and ex-
plain. They are eager to learn what
they could 90.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-08-22
FRUIT GROWING
FARMERS RUINED
Must Build United
Farmers League
t8y a Worker Correspondent

t3y a Worker Correspondent
GERMANTOWN, N. Y-Here in
the fruit-growing district the work
ers are being showed to the wall.
Here there is an abundance Of fruit,
but it does not pay the farmers to
pick it, for if they do the railroad
commission men demand more than
the fruit will bring on the market.
There are many who will lose their
farms this year. as the farmers are
unable to pay the interest on their
mortgages. These people are be-
ginning to realize that there is some
thing wrong with the system that
let's millions go hungry when there
is so much food going to waste.
We are trying to show the farm
ers and workers out here that the
only way we can better our condi-
lions is to organize into real fight
ing workers organizations, the Com
munlst Party and the Trade Union
Unity League. We must begin TO
build the United Farmers League
and organize the farmers to demand
relief from the government and to
refuse to pay taxes, rent and debts.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-08-22

their own choice.
In an effort to gain control of the
life and environment Of the workers,
both while at work and at home, tine
industrial butchers Of the coal 5arons
have resorted to all kinds CT espion-
cge, intimidation, threass and even
forceful eytctions.
System OF PeOnage.
The mrsz.y owned towns of this
coal county are so completely iso-
lated as to make the operators policy
OF near paonage easy Of execution.
Every phlse Of life, indusJ al, poll
teal, social and economic, is in an
solute cont.ol of the coal barols,
since every medium of law enforce
ment is in their hands. During the
last four years while the bosses were
gradually enforcing their policy Of
starvation On the miners, any time
rpe raised his voice in pr1t95t he was
instantly suppressed.
IiuerS Revolt.
But tie limit to what men can be
driven to was reached a few months
ago when tire miners of Harlan re-
volted against any further imposition
Of the bosses repulsiye program.
The long suffering mine:.2. realizing
that their position had 5e7ome abso-
lutely intolersble, banded themselves
together in a union to fig'l5 against
these conditions. And niI ;Iately
all the forces of '1aw and orcer," in
which they had imposed Tie utmost
trust, were gathered toger,. : again t
them to crush their fight against
absolute slave conditions.
Campaign of Terrier.
The operators, calculating that
they could drive the miners away
from their so-called constitutional
right to unionize, intensified their
campaign of terror. Gangsters and
underworld killers were imported
from the large cities. Especially
since the miners Of this district be-
gan joining the militant National
Miners Union in support of their
constructive united front program
have these gunner been going the
limit in their campaign Of terror.
Breaking into union meeting places,
confiscating membership cards and
applications, terrorizing women and
children in raids on homes by Is or
20 thugs armed with sub machine
guns, dynamiting homes and cars
used in relief work, and even the
shooting from ambush of news
paper reporter who came down here
to ascertain the real facts for pub
lication-all this is just part of the
terror that exists down here in
Harlan.
Determined to Fight.
The miners, however, are deter
mined to fight on with their own
union, the National Miners Union.
We need relief and the support of
the whole working class and we will
win our struggle against starvation.
Send us relief! Help us win!
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-08-22
(By a Worker Correspondent

SCRANTON, Pa.-Last September
Mr.. j. L. Lewis, Boylan and their
gang enforced on the anthracite min
ers a check system. Many of us
miners knew what the system meant.
We knew, and more know now, that
the check-off system is a chain to
bind the miners hand and foot so
that they will not be able to move
against the operators.
The coal operators did not see any
reason to enforce the check-off sys-
TEN until the present time however.
They cut the wages without the as
sistance of the officials of the United
Mine Workers Of America, they en-
forced the speed-up system in every
mine, they closed the mines and
sections Of mines and thousands were
thrown out of work
Dust in Miners Eyes
Since the contract was signed by
the Lewis-Boylan gang for five and
one-half years all the agents of the
coal operators-Lewis, Boylan, Hart
neady, Brennan, etc-spoke through
the capitalist press and at mass meet
ings and said that a great achieve
ment was attained by the union Of
ficials for the anthracite miners. This
was coal dust in the miners eyes.
The coal operators were able to cut
wages and worsen the miners condi-
lions.
Strikers Betrayed by UMWA
In the first seven months of this year
over so per cent of the miners went
on strike against the rotten condi-
lions and the misery in the coal
fields. But every strike was crushed
by the A. F. of L. takers. At Glen
Alden Lewis was unable to crush the
strike, so Tomack and Davis did the
Job. In district nine Brennan was
unable to do the job, but Daugherty
succeeded. Every move of the miners
against rotten conditions, wage-cuts,
discrimination, against closing the
mines we're crushed by either the
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-08-22

s4ngers. They also have recrea-
ton room with a nice chess board
and comfortable chairs and two VIC
trolaA Such things are unheard Of
on American and English ships.
There is also a Photographic labora-
tory, where the crew may practice
photography.
Some of the officers give instruc-
tons to the crew in navigation in
their spare time, and the Russian
seamen know that there is place
for them when they get ready for a
mates ticket. The Soviet merchant
feet is growing and the seamen dc
not have to worry about trade de-
preston, lockouts or wage reduc-
tons. There is no capitalist class
operating the ships cheap by forcing
the wages down and cutting the food
short The wages and standard of
living are gradually going up.
7 have been q sailor on both Brit
ish and American ships and my best
advice to the American seamen is
to join the Marine Workers Indus
trial Union of the Trade Union
Unity League and fight against the
wage-cuts and speed-up on the
American ships and force the rich
American shipowners TO give the
American seamen better conditions.
An American Seaman.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-08-22
WORKER TELLS
OF SLAVERY IN
LAND OF FREE
Negro Workers Work
As Chattei Slaves IN
Southern States
cBY a Worker Correspondentl

SAN FRANCISCO, Cal. - The
Hearst papers published an article in
their Sunday editions about slaves
being bought and sold under the
stars and stripes. It was written by
a newspaper man studying condi-
lions in the Philippine Islands. His
article was very good, but it was un-
necessary for him to 20 to the other
side of the world to find these con-
ditions when he could find the same
conditions if not worse right here in
the q. S.
In the southern part of the U. S.
we have large plantations which have
the same slaves and families they
had before slavery (chatteD was
abolished. These plantations are
divided into sections. Each slave
and his family are assigned to a sec
ton which they are forced to plant,
cultivate, irrigate and harvest. When
all the work is done the crop is
hauled away. In the center of these
plantations are stores from which
these workers draw their supplies,
rations and so forth. These supplies
are charged to their accounts. This
is what the bosses call a percentage
system; the slaves buy the tools, till
the soil, harvest the crops and then
along comes the parasite (the boss
and grabs all the proceeds. At the
end of the year the. boss figures up
all the accounts and his calculations
always show that the workers are
indebted to him.
Another thing that takes place on
these plantations is that they have
boiled, cruel forenen who ride
from section to section to see that
the workers do their work. They
carry a bull-whip and a gun. If
the foreman is not satisfied as to
the quality Of the work, if anything
is not working just right, he puts the
whip to use. If, however, the work
er puts up a defense the foreman
shoots them in cold blood. SO you
see, fellow workers, we don't have to
90 to the other side Of the world to
find forced labor, it is right here in
the United States.
"A White Worker.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-08-22
Nine Month Baby
Starves to Death
Terre Haute Jobless
Force City Relief
CBy a Worker Correspondent

TERRE HAUTE, Ind. Here IN
Terre Haute the wage-cutting cam
paign is felt in all the railroad shops.
Many workers have been recently
laid off and those that are working
are speeded up only working part
time.
The American Car and Foundry
Company, Wall Street concern, are
driving the workers at a high pace
for twelve hours and are paying
them Is cents an hour.
We have actual proof OF nine
month old baby dying from starva-
ton.
Our Unemployed Council recently
took a starving unemployed worker
to the city trustees and forced them
to give him relief, We sent dele
CATION to the conference of railroad
ers In Chicago. We are going to or
ganize these workers into the Trade
Union Unity League.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-08-22
ACCIDENTS.GAIN
AMONG YOUTH IN
BETHLEHEM Mill
>1ecupatioa;ll Diseases
and Accidents Mount
at Sparrows Point
BY A Worker Correspondent


SPARROWs POINT, Md.-In the
tin mill and sheet mill department
of the Bethlehem Steel plant here
they had an extra order to make and
as the bosses were afraid that the
workers would go on strike against
the speed-up and the threatened
wage-cut they put on twenty extra
men on each shift. They completed
the order In month and now all
the men are back on 2 and days
week and the speed-up is worse
than ever.
The most exploited workers in this
mill are the Negro workers. They
have separated the Negro workers
into groups with white foremen over
them who terrorize them and drive
them at a most unmerciful speed.
In all departments accidents are
increasing and many young workers
get sick from the speed and the heat.
Most of them are suffering from
kidney trouble. The small accidents
are uncounted there are so many Of
them.
The only reason the bosses can at
tack us in this way and worsen the
conditions of work is because we
workers are not organized. II we
were organized the bosses would not
have a chance. We must organize
into the Metal Workers Industrial
League and then we will show the
Schwabs and Graces who's who.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-08-22
'U.M.W.A. and Mine Operators Hire Armed
Thugs to Collect Dues Miners Refuse;
To Build Rank and File Committees

UMWA officials Or the fake progress
siYes.
In August at the Archibald mine
Boylan put his thugs and police to
work at the pay window to get from
the miners their dollars for dues. But
the miners refused to pay. The Glen
Alden Co. has worked system of
check-off whereby the miners are
given their pay in envelopes and a
check-off slip for the 81 a month
dues. These slips are fastened to
the envelopes with rubber bands. The
miners are supposed to give these
slips in at the next window where
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-08-22

stand the bosses, union officials, their
thugs and police to see who pays and
who refuses.
Miners Refuse to Pay
This time the miners refused to
pay to the company union. The Boy
Ian thugs jumped out and tried to
force the miners to give up their
slips, The miners refused and over
300 miners fought the thugs of the
UMWA, with sticks ard stones, fists,
clubs and coal About 40 were in
jured The district organizer. Phil
bin and Anthony Panne and the
company police ran to the pay car,
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-08-22
New Britain, Conn.
Daily Worker:

Daily Worker:
7 was looking for a job in the to-
bacco fields and they told me that
In many places they cannot af-
ford to pay any money. I was told
that if wanted to work for my meals
I could have job.
In Hartford, which is near here,
the city officials have terrorized the
workers into working on the aviation
field for no pay. They give the
workers little fake charity and
then tell them that If they don't 80
out and work on the aviation field
they will arrest and put them in Jail
for asking for charity.
The local papers are doing every
thing in their power to terrorize the
workers away from organization. The
bosses who CONTROL these papers are
afraid that the workers will organize
and force the rich parasites to pay
the unemployed unemployment in
surapce.
Forced Labor
The mayor has been very busy tell
ing how much the city has helped the
workers. The city collected money
and out Of every thirty dollars col
lected the workers get about three
dollars. About 500 out of the 1900
workers got little relief out of this
money. Today the mayor sent let
ters to these that got little miser-
able laid" asking them to go TO
work on the city golf course Ia ranav
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-08-22
nnen Camp for Miners
Children in Conneaut
sy a Worke.. Correspondent

(By a Worke' CORRESPONDENCE
CONNEAUT, Ohio.-The Miners
Childrens Camp has been opened
with % miners children from the
coal fields in Eastern Ohio.
The Pioneer Camp which was
opened on July 5 and then was at
tackled by an armed band of the
sheriff's forces and was closed tenn
porarily, is again running, having
been opened to shelter children of
the striking miners.
These children say they will keep
the camp open, sheriff or no sheriff.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-08-22
Anti-SOviet Move
Hits Jobs in u. S.
New York, N. Y.

NeW lUKk1 NJ I.
Dear Comrades:
1t is known that the Mergenthaler
Linotype co. have been on part time
since the first Of the year and that
from Aug. l the plant was shut down
for a month.
Is 1t generally known that this or
ganization turned down an order
from the o. S. S. r. for linotype
machines which would have cleaned
out all Of their stock9 Orders were
also promised which would have kept
the plant going full blast for the
next three years. Il. S.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-08-22
CUT BEAN PICKERS' PAY

EASTERN SHORE, Md.--Several
families went to the farmers to pick
beans and other vegetables. These
men were promised 35 cents an hour
and the women Is cents. But after
getting there they found that wages
had been cut for men 25 cents and
women Is cents.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-08-22
BURLINGTON RAILROAD
FIRES SECTION CREWS
(By a Worker Correspondent

KIRBY, Ky.-This town is on the
Casper division of the Burlington
system. Last year they employed
three men to section. This year
they only employ two men to do the
same work. Now an order has been
posted stating that 60 section crews
will be eliminated this week.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-08-22

sion Wnen Jhe plan IS already adopt
ed, we do our best to fulfill and
oyerfil it.
The production has increased in
comparison with 1890 per cent;
the cost Of production IS reduced az
per cent. The fulfillment and over
fulfillment Of the plan is stimulated
by social competition and shock brig
AIDES, on the basis Of which every
worker is striving honestly to fulfill
the plan. Those that are fighting
for fulfillment Of the plan, are well
known and popular all over the
country, Best shock brigades get
from the workers all kind of en-
couragement, receive premiums, etc.
Our industry is steadily progress
ing. Here are some figures:
Last year we worked out at our
mill 6,100 tons Of raw material; in
1881 at the sane mill we worked up
5000 scus and in 1882 we are sup
posed TO work up 1000 tons Of raw
material. Together with development
of industry, the working clsas is rails
ing it's standard OF life and culture.
Subscription for the Loan
We wish to inform you about our
achievements in subscription for the
loan of the third decisive year Of the
Five-Year Plan, issued according to
the demand Of the working class at
the sum of 1,600OO0,0OO roubles.
Comrades! This is not the first
loan; there were many others before
and if the building up Of socialism
would require a new loan We are
ready to realize it!
The subscription of this loan was
organized in the following way:
Even before the government has is
sued the loan Eve have $50 men
working at our factory We organized
a preliminary subscription for same,
that gave us the sum of 5000 roubles.
But after the loan was issued, we
made final subscription, which gave
to the government 10000 roubles.
Most of us subscribed one months
salary and some even two months
salary. There is not a single boUr-
geois country that could distribute the
loan so successfully Only the pro-
letariat can do it for the sake of
building up Socialism in its own
country, to stride forward to the Com
munistic society.
Just because we are bosses i'll our
country, we know very well that we
have no hope to get loans from cap
italists. In order to live without the
bourgeoisie and carry on the indus
trialization Of the country we have
issued and are going to issue loans
in the future.
Among all responsible problems,
that in spite of difficulties, we are
solving the most responsible problem
that we have to carry on which is to
protect and broaden our achievements
at the front Of characterization and
the fight against all kinds Of at
tempts of the interventionalists.
This is so clear to each Of US, that
we will fulfill it as an absolute neces-
sity.
We are pledged to accomplish this
task. The most honorable part be-
longs, however, to the Red Army,
which is the offspring and pride OF
the October Revolution.
On behalf Of the workers Of oil
mill "zaria."
Five Signatures.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-08-22
HARLAN MINERS CALL
FOR AID IN STRUGGLE
AGAINST STARVATION
Gangsters and Underworld Killers Brought to
Harlan BY Bosses to Terrorize Workers
Miners Determined to Fight On; Pledge to
Build Strong National Miners Union
(By a Worker Correspondent

HARLAN, Ky-Here is section of the country where
here actually exists inner kingdom The operators Of
this county (Haran County, have set unto
themselves wherein the courts the sherf and all the
eminent agencies part of the operators machinery
control which functions only in promoting the most nhuman
exploitation of the workers in the mines Many Of the miners
have been deprived of the ordinary rights of citizenship
to the extent of being prohibited
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-08-22
SOVIET SEAMEN
FARE THE SAME
ASPASSENGERS
American Sailor Tells
High Standard on
Soviet Ships
Leningrad, U.S.S.R.

Geningrad, U.S.S.R.
Dear Comrades:
am second-class passenger on
. Soviet ship. one of the six new
ships of the acknowledgement SER
vice
This ship was built in Leningrad
three years ago and has every mod
ern convenience for both passengers
and crew. The finishings are beau
tifuIly done, which shows that there
are indeed some good cabinet makers
in the Soviet Union.
Crew Gets Best.
The crew eats the best of food and
works eight hours a day The bath
and wash rooms for the crew Is the
same as those provided for the pas
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-08-22

Write to the workers In the
Soviet Union. They viii answer
your questions concerning the Five
Year Plan Send all letters TO
International letter Exchange,
Daily Worker, so E. 18th 81
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-08-22

Build a workers correspondence
group in your factory, shop or
neighborhood. Send regular letters
to the Daily Worker.