davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-04-09
His Death Will
 Cause Confusion
fcontinued from Page 1)

(Continued from Page 1)
 a democrat from the first ohio dis- trict, and second, who will succeed to his place as the first republican in the house. He would have been reelected speaker in event the re- publicans retained control or maj jor- ity leader in event the democrats or ganized the house.
 Longworth's death makes the count in the house stand now 216 republicans, 215 democrats, one farmer-1abor and three vacancies. Two of the vacancies were left by republican deaths. those of Henry Allen Cooper of Wisconsin aud Long worth. and the other from q normal democratic district. that created by
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-04-09

Several warrants were issued to- day for the arrest of a gang of youths, who have been induIging in spring practice at the expense of property owners on Sperry street. Their target practice has been dis astrous to windows in a number of buildings. Last evening Patrolman Dennis Lynch of the motor patrol arrested Carmine Desone. 19, of French street on the charge of breach of the peace. His case has been continued one day pending the apprehension of his companions
 whose names were obtained this morning following an investigation.
 Young men in1bued with the spirit
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-04-09

the death of James B. Asweli of Louisiana.
 Democrats win make a strong fight to win the seat Left vacant by Longwortfi's death. He was re- lelected by the uncomfortably email Imargin of 5,5O7 last November If democrat were elected to the seat held for z6 years by Long, worth and Wisconsin and Louisiana returned a republican and democrat.
 respectively, as expected, to the house, then the two parties would
 be tied with 217 members each. with the decision as to organization resting upon Paul KvaIe, farmer
 labor, of Minnesota. Republicans ambitious for the fspeakership will have to call a cau- GUS to renominate another candidate, but 1t will be long delayed and may not be held until just before the beginning of the5n congress. Those mentioned as candidates in- clude John Q. Tilson, of Connecticut republican floor leader. who is next
 in the regular order of succession;
 Representatives Hook, Kans,; Ram- sever, Iowa; Hooper. Michigan, Pur- nell. Ind; Shell, N. r., who is chair
 man of the important rules com
 mittee and Kitchener, Mich, who is
 q member of the rules committee. Republicans from farm staets are expected to make representative of their interests, and this movement will have considerable strength be- cause of the dissatisfaction among western representatives, not only be-
 cause of the agricultural relief issue but also because of the demand from Il large part of that section for pro-
 lection for this independent oil in- dustry.
 This movement will initiate against the chances of both Tilson and Shell and those who know the sentiment in the house consider
 their candidates as facing rather heavy obstacles. These two would
 draw support from eastern republi- cans.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-04-09
Father Plunkett
 Settled Strike
tContinued from Page D

tween the groups. The strike was nearly settled when arrangements went awry, the mill brought in out side labor, and riots followed with police taking hand in matters to preserve order. t<
 Agree to Higher Wage.
 Another deadlock was reached and Wednesday the strikers, many of whose families are in distress came again 10 Rev Dr Plunkett. He ar ranged a conference with the mill representatives. They agreed that no discrimination against the strikers in the award of jobs would be made and announced that they would make make some upward revision in the wage rate. The pastor ad-
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-04-09

lfn Ida 1sirdeai]. Recitation hy Miss Elin Willard nnd sole by George 1leod. Afra clarke received 2 diamond necklace and Mrs crecu received . china tea set. the presen- tation speech being made by Thomas 4. Mafon.
 Those attending included; Mr and Mrs George Reed, Mr ard Mrs WjI- liam Wood. Mr and 1frs J. Q. Kau- ny. Mr and Mrs Thomas a. cfoae, MT and Mrs Walter Johnson, Ar ss,d Mrs Sentley BlatIherwick, Mr and Mrs A. Upton. Mr and Mrs TbomsA A. Mnton. Mir and Mrs Thomas F1u- lay. Mir and Mrs William Clari<e. Mrs Marion O. Handy, Mrs Tda Birdeall, Jack FinIay, Robert White. and Misses Ade Watson. Frances Biatherwick, Ella M. willard. Mu- riel M. Mston and IDrnia L. Maton. a
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-04-09

speakers chair to address the house in person. once in support of a navy bill, again in support of veterans legislation.
 He was genial and affabIe in pri- vate contacts. but dignified in the speakers chair.
 Longworth was known as one Of the best-dressed men in public life.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-04-09
The Booster
 Dramatic Club
Held Surprise Birthday Party on Vernon Street
 Saturday Night

Members of the Boosters Drama tic club held a surprise birthday par try on Saturday evening at the home of Mir and Mrs William Clarke of Vernon street in honor of Mrs Louise Clark and Mrs Anna Crose. The guests of honor were the recipients of many beautiful gifts. A varied program of entertainment was en- joyed including solo by Mrs Az nes Finlay. duet by Mrs Florence Johnson and Mrs Anna Crose, q saxophone solo by Jack Einlay. Readings by Mrs Cora Kanny, and
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-04-09
Connecticut B0tanist
 Addresses Canadians

St Anne's. Can, April s--Dr George F. Clinton. botanfst of the Connecticut Agricultural Expert mcnt station, was scheduled to make the annual address tonight before the Quebec Society for the Prctccti0n of Plants. His an- nOunced topic was a discussion Of three funGOus diseases Of trees in North America that have in- ficted the most damage. They arc tllc willow scab, which Dr Clinton discovered and studied, the chestnut blight and the wiftc zinc blister rust.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-04-09
James A. Phelan $ Onsthe Sick List
  His Absence Missed in Mat ters Pertaining to City
 Affairs

James A,sPhelan, comm issioner of the board of works, fs confined to his home with severe cold. He has been i'll for a few days. but his physician states that he Is on the mend. His absence is missed in mat ters pertaining to city affairs in which he has been active for many years
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-04-09


 declared. was how he wriggIed out of the ropes.
 Explaining that poor business had driven him out of the medium busi- ness. Pecoraro said he was torn be- tween being a cement salesman or 8 portrait painter, He rather leaned toward selling cement because the turnover Is quicker and there isn't any initial investment
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-04-09

THE whole country is talking about A the throat-easy mildness and the fac tory freshness of Camel Cigarettes in the new Humidor Pack.
 The above chart prepared by the Pitts burgh Testing Laboratory tells you why.
 Please examine it carefully. It is an un- failing guide to cigarette selection and enjoyment.
 As you can quickly see by the three upper curves on this interesting chart, cigarettes that lack the protection of the Humidor Pack lose their moisture rapidly from the day they are manufactured.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-04-09

Luxurious buses have just been placed in service between Dublin and Cork, Irish Free State.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-04-09

Wood from America Is being used in mine structures in South Africa.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-04-09
OBITUARY AIv ejnffeff fswas,

&peake- Lengworth's death oc- enfred far from the scenes of his pqlitical and social triumphs
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-04-09

New laid eggs at 1S cents . dozen found few buyers in London re- gently.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-04-09
SpiritualisIn of Conan D pyle Talked

tcontinued from Page 1)
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-04-09

Your fingers identify stale, dried-out tobaccos at once. While a Camel is flexible and pliant.
 Your ears can tell the difference too. For dust-dry cigarette crackles under pressure.
 But the real test is taste and there is simply no comparison between the rich mildness of a Camel and the hot, brackish smoke from stale, dry cigarette.
 Switch to Camels just for today then leave them tomorrow if you can. R. J. REYNOLDS TOBACCO. COMPANY
 Winsson.SaIem, N. C.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-04-09

AriifciaI heas iH honsss and aparspsenss soon dries fhe ns0isfsve oue 0f. cigarettes wsappsJ she old fashioned ssay. Is l. she psark of q con sidsraie hossess. by means of she Hnnsider Pack. e "Sesve . Jsesh eisarssse.r Bay Canssis e ale cayson--shis eisssssss ssiu vemain JSssk mess &sass and o6ses,
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-03-06
The Coming Section Conventions
BY BURCK

Union Unity League?
9. Have you brought into the unit workers
from the shops in which the members Of the unit
are working?
10. Have you kept in the Party and activized
the new members?
II. How many Negroes have you brought into
the Party?
H. Does the unit buro really lead the unit?
13. Is the unit political factor in the LIE
Of its territory carrying on work on local issues2
H. Has the section committee connection with
your unit only by means Of communications or
does section representative attend the meeting
of the unit buro or unit to help in its work
to help it make the turn?
These and other important questions must be
discussed. The leadership of the unit buro must
be discussed and the best proletarian elements
be elected to the new buro.
Delegates will be elected to the section con-
ventions. The unit members who are active in
the work Of the Party and especially the real
proletarian members upon whom rests the devel-
opment of the Party, must be the delegates to the
section conventions.
The section conventions must review the work
not alone from the standpoint of progress and
shortcomings, but especially from the viewpoint
of whether under the leadership of the section
committee the Party has established itself as
tion-ideologically and organizationaliy
How is this to be judged2 This is to be judged:
/. BY the functioning unemployed councils in
the sections and the guidance given them by
the section committee through funtioning Party
fractions
2. BY penetration of the shops on which the
section is concentrating-by check-up of the work,
by securing contacts, building grievance or shop
committees.
8. By the establishment of functioning tenants
leagues.
L. BY raising local issues and mobilizng and
organizing the workers around these issues.
5. BY determining what leadership the Party
has In your section and the leadership Of mem
bers of the section committee among the work.
ers Of the section
6. BY the number Of new members, espe-
cialy Negroes, who have been brought into and
kept In the Party.
The degree to which the new turn has been
made will be apparent in the answer to those
questions.
4 Thus the unit discussions and elections and
the section conventions will indicate in how far
the turn to new methods of work has been made
whether the section and unit are Boshevizing
themselves, whether theory and practice are be-
ing combined.
The conventions occur at time when objec-
tive conditions make possible the rapid growth
Of the Party. Bolshevik self-criticism correc-
ton Of shortcomings, election of new proletarian
leadership, laying out Of work on a planned
basis, systematic check-up-these are few of
the factors that will make the section conven-
tons, preceded by thorough unit discussions,
an important event in the life of the Party.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-03-06
PARTY LIFE
Conducted by the Organization Department of
the Central Committee, Communist Party, U.S.A
The Basic Contradictions in
Our Work
BY N. SPARKS.


1NE can safely say that three-quarters of our
organizational difficulties at the present time
come from two basic contradictions in our work.
The first of these is fear Of the masses How
can a Communist Party, whose sole strength
and reservoir of power lies In the masses, whose
sole reason for existence lies in the struggle Of
the masseS-how can such Party progress II
it suffers from fear of the masses in its mass
organizational work? The whole political line
of our Party is directed toward drawing in
wider and wider strata Of the masses into the
struggle. But IT,, as we draw them in, we are
afraid to let them develop their own initiative,
afraid to advance them to positions OF leader
ship, then it is clear that we are depriWng our
selves of the organizational benefits OF our mass
work.
We shall not mention here the political errors
that flow from fear of the masses but shall stick
only to the organizational side. Fear of the
masses is also the greatest hindrance to our
overcoming such pressing problems as the short
age of functionaries, and the elimination Of
bureaucracy. Where can new cadreS be obtained
except from the most militant elements OF the
working class? And how can they be made into
leaders unless we take a chance on them, and
give them responsibility and training? So too
with bureaucracy. A bureaucrat is one who re-
fuses to allow collective work and collective lead
ership, who refuses to develop workers to take
part in the leadership. In this way he helps to
strangle the work that he is supposed to be de-
veloping, and largely because he is afraid Of the
masses.
The second contradiction is that we are a
Communist Party, but trying to work through
mont Communist organizational forms. The ma
tural form OF organization for Communist
Party Is the shop nucleus. Communist Party's
greatest aim is to secure the leadership Of the
workers in the shops, the greatest part Of its
agitation and propaganda is directed towards the
workers in the shops, the entire success Of its
work depends upon the extent to which it Is
rooted in, the shops. And yet the great ma
jorty of our Party membership are still in street
nuclei. large part of our difficulties in our
work at the present time are due to our weak
Communist political line would have infinitely
greater results If 1t were carried out through
Communist organizational forms-shop nuclei.
How are these two contradictions to be solved2
Fear OF the masses can be overcome only by the
experience and example of a determined and
patient policy of promoting the initiative and
leadership of the workers themselves in our or
CARNATIONS. In several districts, we can already
point to the new life and vitality of the organ
ization resulting from the carrying out of such
a policy. What we must do is to apply this
policy much more widely and generally, to make
it the only possible policy.
The problem of establishing our Party on q
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-03-06
BY /. AMTER New York;

THE coming section conventions must be an
l event in the life 81 every unit OF the Party.
The conventions are not merely for electing new
section committees They will be the occasion
for reviewing the work not only Of the sections,
hut of every unit. These conventions however
must make not an ordinary review because the
time of convention has come. on the contrary,
a new turn in the methods of Party work has
been made The section membership knowing
what this turn means In the abstract must Judge
whether they themselves under the section and
unit leadership have made this turn, and IT not,
what the reasons are.
In most cases the turn has not been made,
partly from inability, partly from inertia in
ability because the leadership does not yet I'M
derstand, partly because 1t ideologcally and or
ganizationally Is unable to make the turn. To
overcome this and to help the section commit
tees, the District Committees have assigned Dis
trict representatives but even this does not suf-
flee and new steps must be taken In the light
of our new tasks and new methods OF work.
the work Of the section committee and unit
buro must be analysed and passed upon.
Many problems must be raised and answered
and the answers will indicate whether the Party
units and sections are meeting these problems
or approaching them in the spirit OF the new
turn.
Among the problems which must be discussed
by the units and sections are:
!. Have you plan Of work?
Q. Have you periodically and regularly checked
up on the plan, registered the successes, studied
the reasons analysed the shortcomings and cor.
rected them? 4s, ~
g. Is the unit meeting continuation OF old
practices - payments collections etc, disputes
over assignments? Or is 1t meeting intelligent
" and firmly led by the unit buro, with a pre-
pared order Of business. with a laying out OF
the work for the week, with assignments proper
" made, so that the remainder Of the meeting
may be devoted to discussion? -
L. Is the discussion led by a conirade who has
had time to prepare himself?
S. II your unit Is concentrating on factory.
is the work checked up as to comrades particip-
ating,. leaflets distributed, Daily Worker, Labor
Unity and other literature sold. contacts made
and followed up, ETC.? ~
g. Are the comrades assigned to unemployed
work checked up? Are those assigned to the trade
unions and leagues and other mass organizations
checked up?
T. Is the work of the comrades assigned to
building house committees and tenants leagues
controlled and checked up?
g. Has your unit succeeded in building shop
committee, drawing the workers into the Trade
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-03-06
&al;..A
ie
A Demand We Support
By JORGE

While the capitalist press always calls an
jobleSs workers in the Unemployed Councils
Communists" we we're enlightened some Tins
ago by couple of workers from certain Coun-
Gil in New York, coming in to ask us if we
would please do something to see~that the
Communists give some real attention to the
Councils and the way they are rum aa
When workers who are not members of the
Party come around kicking because the Com
munists are not controlling their organization,
it looks like a sick thing for us, and we can't
get out of it by saying that the capitalist press
calss the Councils Communist organizations"
Furthermore, these non-Party workers were
most sore about their complaint that the Party
did not seem to care boot about what kind
of education the unemployed were getting. They
said that some misplaced Salvation Army spout
er who peddles the panhandlng philosophy of
social degeneracy of the L B. W. A. was spout
ing full blast in the Unemployed Councils and
the few Communists in sight not only did not
stop it, but one supposed Communist was speak
ing L B. W. A. ideas to workers from an I. B.
w. A. soap-box.
Before we got to write up the above charges,
the workers came in again with the sorrowful
tale that the I. B. w. A spouter had gotten
away with $40 and all because the Party
members were not on the job doing their duty,
or -oing it only in a superficial and merely
formal way Why should these things happen?
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-03-06
The Wurst Comes To Worst

While there are more than 100000 jobless
In Germany ready to eat anything edible the
following tale greeted our eye in the New. York
Post cable news from Berlin $3.50
1t seems that in ITO law was decreed that
preachers be supplied with boloney by the citi-
zens of Mecklenburg And they were for a
century or so, until somebody forgot it. But
in 1928 a preacher demanded his sausages.
The citizens demurred, but the preacher in
sisted that the law be obeyed and the courts
SO ordered. So 529 pounds were delivered, but
the preacher was very fnicky and said 1t was
not up to the quality required by the deity.
A second delivery met the same pecksniffian
rejection. 49,
The preacher went to court again and the
government is settling it with trial by sum-
moning all the boloney experts Of Germany to
satisfy the holy ones taste in sausage.
Who could be better expert on boloney than
a preacher we don't know. But we think that
on az even swap, boloney for boloney, the church
members we're getting the "wurst" OF 1t. They
thought so too. it seems, because they are quit
ting the church, disilIusioned by the nlaterialiS
demands Of the holy father.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-03-06
Forced Labor a La France

reader gives us the following gentle reminder
that sailors are about as nearly slaves on all
ships sailing under any flag but the Red Flag
as any worker can be. aNea@
In order to get their boats out to sea, tbs
French Line steamship company has called In
the state (marine) militia and forced the seaS
men. under machine guns and rifles back To
their posts and the boat is showed off, FINALLY
forcing the seaInen back to work The sailors
toll under inconceivable conditions catering to
lettering parasites
"The incident of the Paris, one Of the French
Lines boats is in point: A strike occurred be-
fore the boat sailed from France. and the boat
got away only after delay, and then caught fire,
the company claiming it was sabotage. The
point is that the searnen were forced to man
the ship under military conpusion against their
WILL K"
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-03-06
Coal Miners Hard Hit in 1880

mechanical cleaning plants Scores of such sur
face plants were opened or contracted for during
1890. Competition as to quality of coal prepare
ton going along with the drastic reduction in
total market has made more furious the battle
among tn, operators. 1t increases the desperate
irregularity of employment at the weaker mines.
1t means many permanent shut-downs.
Along with the speed-up for some and unern-
ployment for others has gone a fresh attack on
wages. Payroll figures compiled In the Monthly
Labor Review for some 1900 selected bituminous
mines showed average earnings Of $21.65 dur
ing week in November, 1880, as against $26.15
year earlier. Earnings in these mines are
above the average for the industry as whole.
Wage cutting has met with strong resistance
in local strikes at many btuminous mines. Now
Coal Age reports that more companies have
been added to the list Of those driving to break
the solidarity of the workers-and to speed them
UP on the job--by some system Of bonus or
incentive" wages.
In the anthracite, the new giant breaker at
Locust Summit philadelphia and Reading Coal
and Iron Coz is only the largest Of several new
highly mechanical installations, centrahz1ng the
preparation OF coal and throwing out Of work
scattered breakers-and their workers. At least
10 high cost" mines have been closed in the
northern anthracite field At one mine-and
possibly more-this has meant abandonment Of
a company village. closing down the company
store and leaving workers and their, families not
only jobless but isolated and stranded.
Anthracite miners demand division Of work
among the various collieries but the whole pres
sure Of capitalism is against them Tho year
brought tremendous slashing Of numbers en-
ployed According 70 preliminary estimate Qed-
eral Reserve Beard. only $4,000 men were en-
plcyed at anthEaelte mining n 1850. - against
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-03-06

basis Of shop nuclei is much harder to solve, or
ganizationally. First, we must always keep this
problem in the center Of our organizational
work. We must really help and enliven our
existing shop nuclei attaching to them our best
forces and really developing them into leaders
of struggles. Then we must examine the "con-
centration" work Of our street nuclei. make sure
that the tasks have not been assigned merely
mechanically, and that the unit or units in
volved are really In position to concentrate
ON the given factory, with the eventual practical
result Of creating q shop nucleus within the
factory.
Does all this mean that our street nuclei and
their functioning arc OF minor Importance Just
the contrary. The overwhelming majority Of
our Party are still IN street nuclei II our street
nuclei do not function efficiently, our Party does
not function efficiently just because it is harder
to- reach and organize the masses through street
nuclei it is more important than ever that our
street nuclei should function as efficiently as
possible. 1t is the task Of the street nuclei them
selves through reaching the workers In their
homes, through their general extension Of the
influence Of the Party. through their concer-
tra&ion on specific factories. TO create shop nuclei
and establish ne Resjzi q o 1oleha1ik srian-
laal1ouAl bodD "A w..
-AIA.AA. H.la1h- 1870 ~