davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-09-20

barracks to let their money Ne 1t was Hike
talking t0 q lot e school kids They had o
dime and they were going 10 spend 1t. There
are only fifty married men on the post Nearly
all Of them really got some COED out of their
money. coed time, TO the unmarried soldier,
figures up In terms Of wine woman and souR
with an automonf1e IS extra kick They're
not much different from others outside IL the
Army In that respect. And that was the way
should say about % per cent Of the enlisted
mems bonus money went"
Oh the more acute forms Of waStaee was
given many concrete examples A COMPANY
commander told me Of four Of his men who
pooled their money, which amounted to 81, 50O
They bought car and when Saturday after
noon came, started out on "A hours leave
They were not heard Of until the small hours
OF the following Friday morning when the cap
tain was called On the telephone by the civ1l
authorities down In the city, asking him 20
come and get his men, who were under arrest
for disorderly conduct They had been ut .
brOthel where they had spent all their money.
When It was gone they decided they had been
done out Of 1t. and had proceeded TO wreck the
place. Consequently and subsequently their
Summer nights were spent in the guard house.
"A PAROLE rlsty prisoner who ID allowed
TO so about his work without q guard re.
turning to be locked up &C night-who was
serving = light sentence for q minor o3ense
could not stand the itch Of . checkbook which
told him that he had 500 bonus loan in the
bank. So he slipped out Of the gate one
afternoon Buying himself q suit Of clothes.
with hat and shoes to match. he made his way
70 an amusement park. Nothing was heard Of
him for week, when the city police telephoned
that ne mad been found in stupor IN . cheap
lodging house. He could not remember how
he got there, mar what had become Of his
money. He Is now under sentence OF three
years and half for desertion
Another significant item: There Is q clause
m the army penal code defining three years
as the statute Of limitations for an crimes ex-
cept murder and desertion during wartime
This means that peace-time deserter, three
years and day subsequent TO his desertsou ar
any time later, may turn I'm ut any army post
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-09-20

a. their loan privileges. Four others were en-
titled to do So but they had sense enough TO
refrain.
"A few days after the money was in hand
there was parking problem to be solved. At
least 20 new automobiles had drawn up in
front OF company headquarters. say new
This is not quite true. Some OF them were
secondhand, and rather sadly 3d. Is several
Of the soldiers were taken in by unserupulOus
statesmen.
"Of those who bought ears old or new. eixht
were ba"': in the shop before three months
had passed Having spent their money the
men could not meet the monthly payments At
one time had q whole string Of angry sales
men demanding back payments or the return
or the cars. We have been fortunate In having
no serious accidents IN my company but sew
eral OF my men have gone out after moonshine,
Overstayed their leave and, coming back the
worse for wear, have spent their week on two
In the guardhouse or the hospital. A few got
some good out of the money, but they ars
in the minority should say
THIS officer was In a way, spokesman for the
- entire roster OF companies, for as ] went
from captain to captain they an had s6bstaa-
tally the same story to tell
All told, I talked with 2s enlisted mem
number which permitted me to strike fair
working average. Some OF these were sergeants
or corporals, most Of them were privateg
Seven-SiX Of whom were married-wholfy
and unquestionably used their bonus money to
good purpose. A top-seTgcant who three years
before had lost his wife in childbirth and at
the same time the twin boys she had borne
him, at the end Of a year or so had married
again, Last Winter his second wife presented
him with twin girls. The $3.50 which he rec
ceived as loan on his service certificate paid
what he owed for the burial Of his l1rst wife
and first set Of twins, and bought the layet$e
and double buggy for the second set hun
dred and twenty dollars remained and is In the
bank drawing interest.
A master sergeant who win soon be retired
paid for q lot on which he IS going to build =
home for himself ana his wife 20 that tlfey
win be secure In their old age
corporal drew his money, on which he pays
the Government per cent per annum, and
has loaned 1t out mortgage which pays
him per cent.
An unmarried private, first class, paid on
part Of the mortgage on his mothers farm
The others In this wiser group paid debts
and bought furniture and clothing for them
selves and families
OF the remaining 81 with whom talked
IL bought cars-that is, they made the initial
payments. Five stin own their cars two of
which are IN the shop. One is smashed beyond
repair. All OF these men are paying cut &Is q
month from . pay check Of $21 TO the various
automobile agencies Ten doughb0ys rot rid
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-09-20
BY ARMISTEAD W. GILLIAN.

HE airmaiI service Is growing nm
Long regarded as . mere panpered
infant OF the postal service-boGtle-
fed with subsidieS-this infant" on
Wednesday wiz celebrate its 20th
birthday anniversary with ceremonies
Evening star., 1931-11-06
RIGHTS TO PURCHASE
SEATS ARE EXTENDED

= ~ the Associated Press.
= NEW YORK, November 6.-Extension
70 December 81, 1882, of the expiration
date for rights on New York Stock Ex
change memberships was announced
yesterday by the exchange.
The expiration date originally had
been set for February 7, 1892, three
! years after the membership of the ex-
change was increased by 275 seats, each
of the 100 members receiving the right
to one-fourth of a new seat, which he
could dispose OF by sale or transfer.
. Recently petition was presented to
rthe exchange asking extension of the
expiration date to February 8, 1898, as
many of the rights had not been dis
posed of and the decline in the value
of memberships had resulted In a pro-
portionate decline in the value Of the
rights.
? The rights, when first available, sold
at $109 500 and $110, 900 and since then,
up to the present time, have sold as
. high as $125,000 each and as low as
$4,000. To date, 1920 rights have been
converted into 255 memberships, leaving
q balance of 80 rights to be converted
into 20 memberships.
In extending the expiration date for
seat rights, the Governing Committee OF
<the exchange Submitted for the mem
bers' approval plan designed to ex-
pedite disposal of the rights and carry
to completion the exchanges plan of
increasing the number of MEMBERSHIPS
Ito ,375. The plan provides for the
appointment OF special committee and
the Governing Committee of the ex-
change will prescribe the method of its
: procedure for disposition of the rights
+ remaining after next February.
Evening star., 1931-11-06
PRODUCTION GAINS
AS STERLING DROPS
Reduction in Gold Prices of Ex-
ports Has Spurred British
Plant Activity.
BY the Associated Press.

ny Inc ASSOClatcQ EIebS.
Depreciation Of sterling with the
concomitant reduction in gold prices of
exports has resulted in a temporary
stimulation Of British production, the
Commerce Department is informed in
commercial cable from London.
The view is rather widely held in
British trade circles, 1t said, that this
increase in activity may be sustained
despite increased prices in terms Of
pound sterling Of imported raw mate
rialS. There Is no apparent indication
of actual or contemplated wage ad-
vances as . result Of sterling depre-
citation.
Trade circles express the opinion that
the overwhelming victory of the ma
tional government at the general elec-
ton offers strong stimulus to busi-
ness confidence. Immediate favorable
reaction is reported in MANY lines of
industrial activity. Early extension of
import tariffs as one result Of the cleo
ton is considered probable by business
opinion, the cable advised.
The increased activity Of exporting
trades which followed the suspension
OF the gold standard was well main
month, while there was reaction to-
ward quieter conditions in others as
the general election date was ap-
preached. Buyers and sellers have
been ca''+'ous over future commitments
because VI foreign exchange differences
Domestic business for the most part has
been steady, though quiet. Railway
traff1c has been less. Coal, textile and
automobile trades show Improvement,
but heavy engineering business IS
inactive.
Evening star., 1931-11-06
IPARLEY ON RAILROAD WAGES
IS EXPECTED NEXT THURSDAY
Way May Be Paved for Understanding, As
Apicable Conference Is Indicated.
Employment to Be Discussed

Of the railroad credit situation and are
today in q more sympathetic mood to-
ward wage adjustment than was dis
played last April The matter is now
at the critical point where statesman
ship Is necessary In order to bring about
a satisfactory compromise. Evidence
that leadership of the right sort on
both sides has developed in the past 48
hours and that it has already corrected
today to many men prominent in the
railroad world.
Decrease In workers.
There has been a steady decline in
the number of railroad workers ever
since railroad earnings first began, in
the Autumn Of 1929, to reflect the ef-
feet Of the stock market panic and the
subsequent business depression. Be-
tween August, 1929, and August, 1881,
there was o decrease In workers on
railroad pay rolls of about 472, 1000. In
the last year alone the number of those
losing their jobs was over $4,000. In
1880 wages paid to railroad employees
decreased $36o,o0o. 900, compared with
1929.
Between 1926 and the end of 1929,
due largely to greater efficiency in rail-
road transportation, pay rolls shrank
$50, 1000, 900, although during this period
there was an increase In trafic and In
total gross railroad revenues. The
railroad employe, like his brother in
modern American industry, has been
the victim of a mechanical age that
has substituted machines for men, not
only In the shops, but in different
classes Of maintenance -of-way work.
A recent analysis of railway wages
indicates that the annual pay of the
283, 900 men In train and engine SER
vice, which includes engineers, flremen,
conductors and brakemen, whose wages
are now under consideration, amounted
to $2,411 per man. Those of $4,000
maintenance OF way employees was
81, 1913 per man per year, and of 406, 900
maintenance of equipment workers it
was 1882 year. In the group of
181 900 station agents, telegrapherS
and flagmen, the annual average was
$1,515, and 1t was $1,766 per year for
the clerical STATS Of the carriers.
Cuts Already Ordered.
On many roads cuts of 10 per cent
have already been imposed on this last
group, while reductions ranging from
10 to 80 per cent have gone into effect
coverinb executives, whose average an
nual salaries amounted last year to
$5,747. There has also been what
amounts to further cut in salaries
through the reduction in the number
of days Of work per month for which
compensation is allowed.
(Copyright. 1917
Evening star., 1931-11-06
Rise in Commodities.

NEW YORK, November (speciaD {.
There Is more indication today of a
permanent advance in commodities
than at any time in the past two years.
II the gains that have been made in
grain, silver and in some CT the base
metals hold, there will oe a contribu-
ton toward business recovery of sub
stantial character. The decline In COM
modities has been the fundamental
factor in the industrial depression,
and, as a sequel, in the depreciation Of
securities. Not only is the effect Of i'm
provement being witnessed here but to-
day cables from the Argentine were
most optimistic, as higher prices for
grain on the eve of the Argentine
harvest will help to correct some of the
monetary conditions In the republic.
Evening star., 1931-11-06
PRICES FOR TURKEY
DEPEND ON WEATHER
New York Reports Show Adequate
Supply of Birds Ready
for Market.
BY the Associated Press.

.
NEW YORK, November 6.-The price
OF your Thanksgiving dinner-turkey
and trimmings-depends largely now
on the weather man.
There are plenty of turkeys gobbling
their last gobbles out In the Dakotas,
down in Texas, in Maryland and New
York, according to reports obtained by
the New York State Department Of
Agriculture and Markets.
II the weather Is warm when they
arrive in the city they will have to be
sold as quickly as possible at any price
that can be obtained If the weather
is cool they will keep longer, the
turkey appetite will be up, and the
price will climb a bit higher 1t is
expected that a 10-pound turkey will
cost somewhere around So under ordi-
nary conditions.
Offering prices to dealers in Texas
are from 10 to IL cents a pound whole
sale. And present wholesale prices on
dollars for three bushels of potatoes,
cranberries cents a pound, turnips l
cent pound. squash cent a pound.
Pumpkins are reasonable. Celery Is
reasonable. Other vegetables for salad,
nuts and fruits are also fair in price.
Substitutes for turkey in families
where that fowl is not popular, are
whole fresh hams or sucking pigs
roasted whole Chickens are selling
around 20 to 28 cents a pound whole-
sale. Long Island ducks are around 16
to 18 cents pound wholesale.
Evening star., 1931-11-06
CURB ISSUES RALLY
: AFTER EARLY LOSS
Prices Climb on Increased
Volume of Trading.
Leaders Active.
BY JOHN A. CRoNE.
Special Dispatch to The star.

special Dispatch to the star.
NEW YORK, November 6.--After
opening lower, the Curb Exchange
started a rally around midday today,
with prices moving upward on an in
creased volume of trading.
n Electric Bond Sc Share was firm,
i. while Cities Service was a trif1e lower.
= American Gas g. Electric was up point
and for a time Middle West Utilities
was a trifle higher.
United Light & Power A was active
and steady despite its earning report for
: the IL months ended September 80,
which showed a net profit Of $8,304, 757,
against $11 ,225,671 in the same period
? Of 1880. Bohack common sold of about
e. 3 points as result of its small gain IN
: October sales.
American Capital A was feature Of
the investment trusts during early deal
ings, as it declined more than points.
Ludwig Bauman preferred was the best
performer in the furniture shares, rising
'434 points. General Gas g. Electric B
preferred and New England Power pre-
v rfferred made the best showing in the
public utility preferred list.
Curb Exchange stocks were traction
ally lower at the opening.
Electric Bond a. Share was of Il at
= 20A and other utilities were somewhat
below their previous closing prices.
LIIeLu VIII Soo ~
Electric, Central states Electric, East
lern States Power 3, Middle West Utiii-
ties and Utilities Power g. Light. Cities
Service opened off a shade at rs.
Standard Oil of Indiana at 227s was
slightly lower. Standard Oil of Ken
lucky was unchanged at 161a.
s. Cord Motor was fairly active and,
after opening lower, showed a firmer
: tendency at 8l2. Ford Motor of Canada
% also was firmsr after a dip at the start.
Deere g. Co. was fractionally higher,
but other industrials were heavy. Trad
-. ing Corporation issues were somewhat
lower. United Founders at was of q
shade,
Evening star., 1931-11-06
EXPANSION IN JAPAN''S
TEXTILE TRADE NOTED

European firms in Java, Netherland
East Indies, are reported to be ordering
Japanese goods instead of American
and European lines of textiles as for
merly, although the volume of business
actually booked is said to be small, Trade
Commissioner Richard P. Hendren, Ba-
tavia, today reported to the Depart
ment Of Conane zee by radio.
This action on the part of European
textile importers was said to have been
induced by price reductions on Japa-
nese textiles. amounting in some cases
to 20 to 80 per cent, as a result of the
unofncial Chinese boycott Of Japanese
products. China has always been one
OF the leading export outlets for Japa-
nese piece goods and the decline in
sales to that market probably has
forced the manufacturers to dispose of
stocks originally intended for China in
other nearby Far Eastern markets, trade
observers believe.
Evening star., 1931-11-06
INVENTORIES ARE LOW
IN VARIOUS INDUSTRIES
Special Dispatch to The Star.

Special Dispatch to The Star.
NEW YORK, November 6.-An
analysis Of the various Industrial COM
pany balance sheets at the end Of
the September quarter indicates that
inventories are low. This Is corrob-
GRATED by testimony from specific in
dustries. The recent Hoover report on
unemployment relief stated that sup
plies have been gradually used up and
that stocks of merchandise in factory
and in store are really depleted"
A number Of forw. i-looking indus
trial corporations have been taking ad-
vantage of the low prices of COM
modities to build up reserves of staples
for future use. This has occurred
among the baking companies, which
have been able to buy -four recently at
the lowest prices Of the year; among
the electrical companies, which have
been building up reserves Of copper at
z cents pound, and among corpora
tions using large quantities of sugar,
cocoa and grain products. Many Of
the textile companies bought raw cot
ton near the low prices Of the year
and are now reaping the beneflt OF
their good business judgment.
Evening star., 1931-11-06
By CHARLES +. sPEARE.
snecIal Dispatch to The Star.

Special Dispatch to The Star.
NEW YORK, November st Is un-
derstood that a conference will be held
in New York next Thursday between
the executives Of the four major East
ern trunk line systems and the heads
of the railroad brotherhoods to discuss
the question II a voluntary reduction in
wages. This supplements q similar
meeting held some weeks ago at which
q sympathetic discussion of this subject
took place between the men who operate
the railroads and those who have under
their direction the welfare of organized
railroad labor.
Owing to somewhat hasty reply to
the invitation of the labor leaders to
Eastern railroad executives for a con-
ference to discuss the labor question,
there was a threat of a break which
might have seriously affected prospects
for further arnicable meetings. It u
understood that this crisis, which was
due to technical treatment of the re-
quest, has been averted and that next
Thursdays meeting will be held in an
atmosphere that should bring about
the beginning Of an understanding.
Employment Question.
Associated with the matter of wage
reductions is the problem of increasing
employment not only among the ranks
Of railroad workers, but in other indus
tries. In other words, the brotherhood
chiefs feel that If there is to be a VOL
untary cut In rail wages there should
be some "quid pro quo" in the way of
enlarging the field of employment by
putting back more men at work in
maintenance jobs and in shops as well
as in those Industries from which the
carriers purchase the bulk of their sup
plies.
It is fair TO assume that If a wage
cut of 10 per cent were agreed upon,
out of which the carriers would save ap-
proximately 100000 q year, this
sum, plus the anticipated increase in
revenues Of $125, 5,000, 900 from the In
terstate Commerce Commissions pooling
plan would materially advance the
credit Of the railroads and place them
in position to buy rails and equipment
and make improvements that have
been suspended for the greater part
of a year.
The process of putting a voluntary
cut In wages into effect, while not so
laborious or so long drawn out as where
O cut Is enforced and has to 60 through
many phases of mediation and arbitra-
ton, while facing the threat of a strike,
is in itself involved and could not be
completed for a number of months.
There is reason to believe that the
brotherhoods appreciate the seriousness
Evening star., 1931-11-06
Grain Market
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
CHICAGO, November 6.-Sharp gen
eral breaks of Chicago grain prices
early today followed q severe setback in
wheat quotations at Liverpool. The
fall of the Liverpool market was
ascribed to sudden heavy selling Of
Australian wheat and to instability OF
British exchange rates.
Opening 1Aa2H cents lower, Chicago
wheat future delivery contracts quickly
declined further. Corn started 12aB
off and then recovered somewhat.
Lightning Like rallies in wheat values
took place after tumbles at the outset
had carried the market to 4 cents below
Yesterdays top, the biggest drop since
recent advances began. One vertical
lump of more than cent bushel from
the early bottom level was witnessed, a
result of big purchases on standing or
ders to buy on price breaks. Rapid
fluctuations ensued, and bullish traders
were disposed to take more notice OF
Warlike develop nents between Japan
and China along the railroad line in
which Russia claims part ownership.
Bears, however, put stress on Liverpool
reports Of enlarged offerings from the
Southern Hemisphere, with wheat har-
vesting commenced In Australia ana
Yields above expectations.
Assertions that Russia had renewed
vessel chartering for grain exports tend
ed also to stimulate selling here. In
formation at hand said the fresh char
ters were for December shipments from
Russia Notice was taken, too, OF 3
summary showing that only once In ~
wears had the seasons high-price record
for wheat been reached in November,
but the low record had come In Move n
her three different times, the single in
stance of November maximum being
this season. Corn and oats swsyed with
wheat
Provisions averaged lower, responsive
tn downturnS on cereals.
Evening star., 1931-11-06
Buying a Bond
BY GEORGE T. HUGHES.

1t is worth Whit at this point to in
terrupt the orderly presentation in thii
series OF the principles of bond invest
ment to say a few words about the
status Of foreign dollar bonds, obliga-
tionS Of governments which have tenn
porarily suspended gold payments.
The first market reaction to the news
was sweeping declines In the price OF
practically all listed issues coming
under this head. Ouch selling was and
will be, If it continues, ill-advised. OF
course, II these governments are TO be-
come hopelessly involved or If they are
to be so embarrassed financially as t.
be unable to obtain the dollar exchange
to meet interest and sinking fund
charges on their external obligations
the bonds will Csc value, but there Is
no indication Of anything OF the kind
happening with any important Euro
pean government.
Bonds payable IA dollars are just as
good as they ever were as far as the
monetary unit Is concerned. Whether
they depreciate their domestic currency
Is Of no importance as far as payments
to American holders Of external issues
are at stake. Perhaps the sen1-panicky
selling is understandable In view of the
present temper Of the security holding
public, but it Is essential that the in
veStor before 4,e sacrifices his bond
should celarly understand the situation
1t is impossible for even the best in
formed not 20 be Influenced more OF
less by the spectacle Of steadily de-
Ginning market, but again 1t ought tc
be emphasized that market price and
value are two entirely different mat
tiers. Market price Is the current esti-
mate or value. Sometimes that esti-
mate is too high, as it was in the 1925
stock market boom. Sometimes 1t 10 toS
low, as it has been practically all 81
this year with bonds and with stocki
alike.
In the long rln price tends to ap.
proximate value, but In the interim
there may be vide swings, and In pc
riods OF market excitement there 1.
| often no reasonable relation between
the two, and that applies whether tht
market 10 at zenith of initiation o.
whether 1t Is at nadir Of def1ation.
Copyright, 1881