davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1931-04-04
INVESTMENT MARKET FACING
TEST OF NEW u. S. FINANCING
Corporation Bonds May Be Affected by
Floating of Government Issue
in Near Future.

it is also anticipated that additional
public utility bond issues will join the
legal class this year. This will permit
the investment of savings bank and
trust funds in them in many of the
Eastern States.
Since the 1st of January the total
amount Of corporation and other bonds
offered, exclusive Of United States Gov
ernments, exceeds 81 SOC, 600, 900. While
a high percentage has been distributed,
there remain In dealers hands a suff1-
cient supply to affect prices and to dis
courage purchases before syndicates are
closed A helpful feature of q number
of the recent new issues has been the
high proportion used to retire old loans,
and therefore not requiring new capital.
Market for Paper.
The successive issues Of Government
paper, following the refunding of the
March loans, is absorbing the funds of
banks and large corporations to an
extent that they have withdrawn from
the market for corporation loans. The
Treasury recognizes that the market for
its paper lies mainly with financial in
stitutions, as there is nothing in the
rate of return that would attract the
individual investor Among great
many banks there Is the tradition that
they must subscribe to all Government
loans. This they do regularly regard
less Of the coupon rate. The Govern
ment deposit which they receive Is
sometimes profitable but not so at
present. Consequently, with the Treas
lry now compelled to adjust its finan-
cial program to a deficit that may be
as much rs $500, 100000 this year, It
will be in the market for funds at fire.
quent intervals in the next two months.
The banks take this fact into account
in considering their investment poll
cies. That they have already pur-
chased literally of the issues fioated
by the Government in the last so days
is indicated in the statements being
published Of their condition on March
IS, in which large majority of ma
tional and State banks and trust COM
panies show an increase in their hold
in9s Of Government securities compared
with those at the end of 1880.
(Copyright, 1g31)
Evening star., 1931-04-04
CURB ISSUES SHOW
F|RIMER TENDENCY
Offerings Decrease and Nev'
Buying Appears at ShoI.
Session.
BY JOHN A. cRoNE.

Special Dispatch to The Star.
NEW YORK, Ap:il 4-Prices on th:
Curb Exchange. after opening irregu-
larry, fiTmed today as offerings decreased
in many Of the pivotal stocks. Electric
Bend & Shire moved within a narrow
rang, recording fractional gan most
OF the t'n1e, while Cities Service was
virtually unchanged.
Standard OH Of Indiana most of the
day was small fraction higher. despite
its earning report and dividend action.
Profits in 1880 amounted to $2.73,
AGAINST $5.37 share in 1929. The an
nual dividend rate was cut from $3.50
to 50 a shar
Aluminium Co of America, which has
been subjected to considerable organ
lied operations in recent sessions, largely
due to squeeze of thu shorts, opened
of 101s points and fcn 71a more be-
fore meeting support. Net in 1880
amounted to $192 a share, against
$1l.18 share in 1929.
Arkansas Natural Gas turned heavy,
though it reported the most successful
year In its history, profits available for
dividends in 1880 being $3,917,996,
against $2,332 $40 in 1929 Saxet Co.,
an oil and natural gas holding COM
pany, rose fracCionally as traders heard
that the concern today signed a con-
tract taking over two oil-producing
firms In South Texas. These acquisi-
tions will give 1t q total of 10000 bar
rels OF oil daily under the pro-ration
restrictions. United Gas, which buys
about 32,000000 cubic feet of gas daily
from Saxet, also gained.
Cord Manufacturing advanced over a
point as Auburn Auto over on the big
board staged another spectacular spurt
The Ford shares firmed. Rails Jagged
Evening star., 1931-04-04
PUBLIC WORKS HELP
IN TRADE RECOVERY
Emergency Construction Projects
Are Providing Benefits to
Industry of Nation.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press
Emergency construction relief meas
ures of the Federal Government are
giving definite benefit to industry and
employment, and show promise Of re-
sulting in banner year for highway
and public works activity.
Such was the view expressed here by
prominent builders, who said contract
awards for highway construction during
the nrst two months of 1881 were 70
per cent greater than for the same
months last year, and larger than fol
any similar period on record.
A. p. Greensfelder, president of the
Associated General Contractors OF
America, says this activity is only q
prelude to that Of the next three OF
four months.
They have only started to award
contracts on projects involving the use
of emergency and Federal aid appro-
priations, and the State programs that
have been authorized by the local legis-
latures are likewise only just beginning
to get under way" he says.
In the last four months, Congress
made available $556 1926, ,654 for con-
strllction, an increase Of about 81 per
cent over similar appropriations of the
previous session.
Heading this list Is $239, $50 .307 for
Federal aid highways, which Is 124 per
cent greater than similar appropriations
of the previous session. This is In ad-
dition to the appropriations for forest
roads and trails, forest highways,
national park roads and roads over
public lands, which were increased $9,-
27S. .372 to total of $3o, o,50e,Oe0
Evening star., 1931-04-04
NATURAL GAS USE
Up $50 PER CENT
Rapid Advance in Ten Years
Noted-Line to District
Outstanding Move.
speelal pIsp.tch ths rhe st.r.

Special Dispatch the The Star.
NEW YORK, April Consumption
Of natural gas in this country has reg
istered an increase of more than 100
per cent in the last 10 years. due to the
discovery of large new reserves, together
with marked advances In methods of
pipe manufacture and pipeline con-
struction, according to the Bank Of
America N. A., which points out that
the mest pronounced gain has occurred
since 1923, with the great extension Of
long distance transmission lines.
In consuming centers within q COM
paratively short radius OF important
producing areas, natural gas appears TO
be replacing other fuels to an tmpor-
tant extent" the bank declares. I'm
view Of present plans for extending
and increasing the number Of pipe lines
to the Atlantic Coast area, prospects
are for q further increase in consump-
ton Of natural gas In the Eastern part
Of the country. In the East, however,
stead Of replacing manufactured gas.
viii be used by existing systems In
combination with manufactured gas"
While domestic consumption OF nat
tlral gas has been increasing steadily ia
recent years, the bank asserts that the
important increase IN consumption has
been In the industrial field. About 10
years ago, the bank points out, indus
trial consumption represented 90 pel
cent and domestic consumption 80 per
cent Of the total amount of natural gas
consumed In this country, whereas nov
the respective proportions are 81 per
cent and 10 per cent.
Nearly half Of the natural gas used
industrially is consumed in the opera
ton Of natural gasoline plants, burned
under boilers. or used as fuel for gas
engines incident to the drilling OF
pumping Of wells. In 1879 these uses
accounted for about 81 per cent Of eli
natural gas consumed. Next In impor-
Evening star., 1931-04-04

lance as a consumer Of natural gas Is
the carbon black industry, which IN
1929 accounted for about IA per cent
Of total natural gas consumption. An
nual production Of this material, which
Is used extensively in the manufacture
Of automobile tires, inks, paints, carbon
paper and phonograph records amounts
to approximately $4,000 tons. About
s per cent Of total natural gas con-
sumption in 1929 was used as electric
public utility power plant fuel, and
about 5 per cent as petroleum refinery
fuel"
In 1890. according TO the most re-
liable estimates available, natural gas
pipe mileage was increased TO approx
mately oE,l62 miles. Outstanding de-
yelopments of that year were the begin
ming Of construction Of large diam
eter line from the Texas Panhandle to
Chicago. and the completion OF . line
from West Virginia to washington D. G.
Evening star., 1931-04-04
Washington Produce

Butter . one-pOund prints. SASS;
Eggs1Hennery. 21a22; current re-
Poultry, alive-Turkeys, young, soas2;
old. 25a27: Winter chickens, 30a35
Spring brollers, 36a3s; Leghorn broilers,
34a35; hens, heavy, 22a23; small, 81;
Leghorns, 1ea20; roosters. 16; ducks. Is;
keats, large and young, 60a65; old
25aS0. Dressed-Turkeys, young, 38a40;
old, 30a32: Winter chickens, 3ea4o;
Spring broilers, As; hens, heavy, 26a27;
small, %; Leghorns. %; capons. large
37a3S; small, 32a33; ducks, 24a25;
ROSTERS, 16; keats, young, 7oaSo; old
Meats-Beef, 1sha151k: veal, 13a15;
lamb, 18a2O; pork loins, 20; fresh
hams, 10; fresh shoulders, IA; smoked
hams. 20; smoked shoulders, IL; strip
bacon, 81; lard, in bulk, IL; in pack
ages, 1112.
medium and small, S.25aS.50; pigs, 7.5O
a8.25; roughs, 4.00a6.00; calves, 9.00a
Spring lambs, 10.00a13.00.
F'ruits-Strawberries quarts, 25a30;
pints,. 10a15; oranges. California, 4.00a
425; Florida, 400a4.25; grapefruit
2.25a3 90: honeydews, Argentina, 2.50a
ATS; grapes, Argentina, 4.50s5.0O; pine
apples, 4.50; lemons, 4.50a6.00: apples,
per bushel basket, 1.oOa2.25; box stock
1.75a2.50; pears, 4.50; rhubarb, 5-pound
boxes, 50a75.
Vegetables Potatoes, 40 pound
sacks, 2.65a275; Idaho bakers, 100
pound sacks, ESQ; Florida, new, pei
bushel, 500: sweets, per bushel, l.25a
$50; cabbage, new, per hamper, 1.25a
135; old, 100 pounds, 1.50; spinach,
75a1.00: kale, 100; turnip greens, LOO;
cress, 1.25; caulif1ower, ZOO; tomatoes
repacks, per pan, l.00a1.10 peppers
4O0a5.50; string beans, 3.00a500 hmas
$50: peas, crates, 5:25a5.50; baskets
$50; cucumbers, hot house, per dozen
2.25a2. so; carrots, 2.50a2.75; beets
26Oa2.75; lettuce, iceberg, 2.25aS.25;
celery, $50; asparagus, 4.0Oa4.50;
broccoli. 4.50a5.00.
Evening star., 1931-04-04
Baltimore Markets
Special Dispatch to The star.

Special Dispatch to The star.
BALTIMORE, Md, April 4.-Pota-
toes, white, 100 pounds, l.a6a2oo; new
potatoes, barrel, T.ooae.oO; sweet pota-
toes, barrel, 7.Ooa4.oO; yanns; barrel,
3.SOa4O0 beans, bushel, 2.50a4. so:
beets, crate, 2OOa2.25: cabbage, bushel,
5OA1 IS; carrots, busfel, 4Oa65; cauli-
flower, crate, 1.50a2.o0: celery, crate,
3.00a4.00; eggplants, crate, 2.50a5.50;
kale, bushel, 5OaD0: lettuce, hamper,
.5Oa2. 90; lima beans, 5.0Oa7 90; pep
pers, crate, 2.OOa5.50; parsnips, bushei,
GOAL 90; spinach, bushel, 40a1. 100; to-
matoeg, crate, 1.O0a5. 90; turnips
busl1el, 50al so; apples, bushel, 60a2 90;
per box, 1.16a2.2S: grapefruit. box, 1.50a
ATS; oranges, box, 2.75a4.25; strawber-
ries, quart, 20a25.
Dairy Market.
Poultry, alive--C Chickens, young, 30a
33; old hens, 2ia25: LeghornS, 14a20;
roosters, 13a15; capons, 32a3s; ducks
I0a27; guinea fowls, each, 50a75
pigeons, pair, 30a36.
Receipts, 1,T56 cases; nearby
frsts, dozen, 2lh;. current receipts
Butter-oood to fancy creamery
pound, 2ea3l; ladies, 22a2s; rolls. 1Sa
20; process. 2S; store packed, 16ai7.
Evening star., 1931-04-04
BY CHARLES F. sPEARE.
JpeeiaI Dispatch to The Star.

1peciaI Dispatch to The Star.
NEW YORK. April At the begin
Aing of the second quarter of the year,
the corporation investment market Is
faced with even greater competition
from Government financing than during
the previous three months. Its immedi-
ate action Is bound up intimately with
the requirements of the Treasury to
cover the unexpectedly large deficit
growing out of the falling OF in income
tax payments and in the demands for
soldiers compensation.
Domestic bonds during March de-
clined an average of over point. They
are off Ia points from the high level
of January, and today are not much
above the low average at the beginning
of the year. Where gains have occurred
in issues of the legal type among the
railroad and public utility obligations,
the effect of these on average prices
has been more than counterbalanced
by the steady attrition among the sec
affected this year by earnings than in
any other period since 1921.
Junior Bonds.
There has been an uncommonly close
relation between the movements of
junior corporation bonds and corpora
tion common stocks. This has applied
more particularly to railroad and in
dustrial issues than to public utilities.
Ordinarily bonds are influenced in their
price movements by rates of money
and by technical market conditions.
such an oversupply CIR scarcity. At
the present time, when corporation
profits are of over 40 per cent from
those in 1929, and there is little evi-
dence of improvement in sight, the
status of bonds as well as common
stocks is changing.
It is not improbable that quite o
number of railroad issues that are now
legal for savings banks in New York
State viii lose this privilege within q
year, owing to the necessity for reduc-
ing dividends and failure to show earn
ings that meet the requirements Of the
savings bank law. On the other hand,
Evening star., 1931-04-04

Engineering construction contracts
awarded throughout the country in the
first quarter totaled $663. .083 900, q de-
crease of Is per cent from the first
three months of 1880, says Engineering
of $247 ,346 900 showed a substantial
gain over the February valuation OF
sta, ,542, 900.
Evening star., 1931-04-04
Markets at a Glance
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
NEW YORK. April R.-Stocks
strong; Auburn Auto climbs over 20
points. Bonds firm; U. S. Governments
steady. Curb firm; small gains on COW
ering. Foreign exchanges steady; Span
ish pesetas sag. Cotton, holiday. Sugar,
holiday. Coffee, holiday.
Evening star., 1931-04-04

Standard Statistics Co. says dividend
changes In March continued the un-
favorable trend of the earlier months
of the year. Increased payments were
voted by 21 companies. extras by 81,
initials by 28 and assumptions by 2.
On the other hand, 90 companies cut
dividends and 140 passed them.
Evening star., 1931-04-04
AMERICAN MACHINE.

Directors of the American Machine &
Foundry Co. have declared the regular
quarterly dividend OF 35 cents share
on the common stock, payable May
to stockholders Of record April II, 1881.
Evening star., 1931-04-04
q. 8. TREASURY BALANCE.

The United States Treasury balance
announced today as OF slose Oh business
April was $512 ,e52. 1894. Customs
receipts for the month to date were
s3,tsS, ,e4e.e6. Total ordinary expendi.
tures, ts,as2,422.0S.
Evening star., 1931-04-04
CHICAGO STOCK MARKET

CHICAGO, April 4.--Following is the
complete official list Of transactions in
stocks on the Chicago Stock Exchange
today:
Evening star., 1931-04-04
TREASURY CERTIFICATES.

France has the greatest total miles OF
aifways Of any European country.
Evening star., 1931-04-04
RIGHTS-EXPIRE

RIGHTS-EXPIRE
Il Y Ford Not Ltd Apr II lot 4 4 u
Dividends
sRx dividend tParty extra trus cent IN stock Payabls
Plus per Plus stock. Plus
cent in stock Plus 10 cent
in stock. m Plus
y
Evening star., 1931-04-04

All stocks are sold In one hundred-snare lors
excepting those designated by the letter 80s) t250.
which shows those stocks were sold In odd lotA
Evening star., 1931-04-04

GLASGOW, Scotland, has increased It's
bolice force to 2,290.
Evening star., 1931-04-04
sweet Potatoes.

Prices of sweet potatoes shared the
recent advancing tendency Of other
vegetables and maintained the price
gains fairly well Receipts are mod.
crate in nearly all markets but de-.
mand continues slow Best New Jersey
sweets reached top Of SO per bushel in
New York but most sales were from 81
to $2.50. Delaware and Maryland sweet
potatoes ranged $1.75 to $2.25, top
prices being for house cured stock.
North Carolina Porto Ricans ranged
from 91.25 to 81 80 in Baltimore. Wash
ington and Pittsburgh Virginia white
yams brought steady prices at $3.50 to
"a per barrel
Evening star., 1931-04-04
BONDS.

Copyright, 1881. Standard Statistics oo.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-06
Food Before Bedtime

if YOU are a breadmaker, fresh bread
with no more dressing than good
creamed butter is splendid.
What to drink depends on your own
taste. There is coffee, usually ia
vorite with men. But If it has the
slightest tendency to keep you awake
or if you drink more of it than Is gen.
orally thought to be good for you, don't
be tempted. Have cocoa or tea or, in
the Summer, iced tea, ginger ale or iced
chocolate. If you don't want to put on
too much weight, have small quantities
of cocoa and make it with skim milk
and it won't be too fattening.
The sliced bread on the market now
is excellent for any kind of toast or
toasted sandwiches. The broiler OF
your stove does this toasting we'll You
can toast enough for this tiny meal all
at once and the cinnamon and sugar
may be melted without toasting side
wise and spilling, as many electric
coasters do the work with their vertical
holders.
Trim the crusts from the bread, and
toast on both sides. Spread with but
ter and sprinkle generously with mix
ture of cinnamon and sugar tabout
three parts sugar to one cinnamon.
Set on the broiler again for a half
minute to melt the sugar and CHINA
mon Serve hot.
Toasted cheese crackers and cheese
toast are always good.
Keep in the house a package of yell
low, piquant cheese that Is easy to
spread The kind which comes in
packages keeps very we'll If you are
careful always to cover with the original
wrapping.
Toast bread on both sides. Spread
one side lightly with softened butter
I,fr &1a4w 9
cheese. Dust with paprika and set in
the broiler a moment to melt the
cheese.
Treat crackers in the same way. Or
use grated cheese and no butter if you
like.
Other spreads for crackers may be
peanut butter mixed with a wee bit
of strained honey, cream cheese and
nut, pinento cheese.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-06
Capillary.

Alice is puzzled. She writes: Some
time ago you stated in one OF your
articles that the theory of capillaries
was unscientif1c. In mentioning this to
some students, they did not seem to
know anything about this. Will you
kindly let me know who is the authority
! for your statement. My friends claim
that the microscope reveals the exist
ence of capillarieS, as you can see the
blood flowing through them"
Well, my dear Alice, your friends may
have a much better microscope than
mine. Mine is just an ordinary clinical
scope with the usual assortment OF eye
pieces and a triple revolving nozzle or
business end, so that you can change
from low power to medium, and finally
to high power oil immersion with
twist of the wrist. You can see the
blood corpuscles sinking through the
capillaries in a frogs mesentery or
web, and you can see divers and sun
dry microbes with my scope, but you
can't see the capillarieS, for the reason
that no such vessels exist.
BY the way, I'm sick and tired Of
using my scope, because every little
thing l see with it somebody else has
discovered long before, so what's the
use? Ill gladly give it to the first de-
serving medical student that needs one.
In the old-time books one finds draw
ings of capillary vessels, to be sure. No
one can photograph or even demon
strate an isolated capillary vessel, how
ever.
CapiIaries are hypothetical vessels or
tubes. In reality they are merely spaces
between the connective tissue cells.
Clear away the connective tissue cells
around the capillarieS and you have
precisely nothing left
Through these spaces or channels be-
tween the connective tissue cells which
bind and support the functioning It's
sues of the body the blood seeps, as
water seepS through a sponge.
The term capillary" is commonly
applied to the arteriole or Venule, which
is a very small artery or vein, dis
tinct tube which may be isolated and
photographed or observed under the
microscope.
But it is really mistake to imagine
you have seen a capillary, for all you
| can see is the space where you imagine
| the capillary must be. Capillary ives
sells" are ghost vessels.
Another young reader named Colleen
is exercised about sweating, which in
itself is remarkable. She writes:
In my class in health in high school
we had an argument as TO whether
person would sweat more on a cold,
cloudy day than on a hot, dry day.
The teacher says that a person would
sweat more on cold, cloudy day. Is
this true?"
Never mind, Colleen, we'll call it
''perspiration" and then no one can OBJ
ject to mentioning it in public I Sug-
geSt that you ask teacher If the chill
dren can't play marbles or tiddlywirks
to while away the tedious hour of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-06
BY MISSIS PHYLLIS.

MO matter what you've been doing
all evening-reading, sewing going
to a picture show, playing backgammon
or planning your summer wardrobe
along about 10 or 1890 there's nothing
better than a cup of tea of coffee or
chocolate with a snack to go with 1t.
This time we're not talking about
company refreshments. They are usu-
ally more elaborate and twice the fuss
and bother. No, this time we mean
lust a bite to eat before bedtime.
Always have cookies in the cookie jar.
Surely you are not one of those women
who think that cookies are primarily
for children My goodness, there are
thousands Of men who will walk
straight to a cookie jar when they come
home hungry.
When you make cookies. make two
or three kinds. That sounds like
much more work than it Is, but mix
the next kind while one is baking and
so have plenty. Make at least one
kind that keeps indefinitely, like GIN
gersnaps, and make one kind sweet,
filled or iced. Don't concentrate on one
favorite kind-that's the Surest way TO
take it out of the favorite class.
Another good thing to have in the
evening is cinnamon toast, toasted
scenes or sweet rolls, open cheese
sandwiches, toasted, or crackers with
toasted cheese. Very simple sand
witches - lettuce, peanut butter and
honey, cream cheese-are good. And
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-06
LITTLE BENNY
BY LEE PAPE.

Pop was smoking and thinking in
his private chair and ma was darning
holes out of stockings, saying, Its per-
fackly amazing Willyum, how some
people can delude themselves about
things that are as transparent as the
nose on their face.
Such as who? pop sed, and ma sed,
Such as Mrs. Shooster. She had her
grand dawter Milderd out for an airing
this morning at the same time I was
taking little Willie out for Gladdis, and
naturally we got to tawking and COM
pairing notes, and casually told her
what giant strides Willie is making in
his little conversational powers. and
to give her fleeting example I held
up his little soldier doll and Sed Whats
this, WillieP and he answered as
punctually as clockwerk, Dobbydob,
wich of corSe means Dolly.
Naturally, pop sed, and ma Sed, Well,
it seems Mrs. Shooster has horror of
being outdone in any way, shape, man
ner or form, and she chirped up quite
braZenly, Little Milderd is quite a lin
guist too, not to say a mathematician.
Count up to 3, Milderd, she sed, and
little Mildred opened her stupid look
ing little mouth and Sed Um dunn dree
wich of corse sounds about as much
like one two three as nuthing at ALL
ma sed.
Even less, if possible, pop sed, and
ma sed. 1t made me so angry 1 thawt
Id just floor her once and for all by
having Willie give vent to an entire
sentence, SO I got out his box of bis
kits and held it up and Willie held
out both little hands in the most ap-
pealing gesture and sed, Iggie ackie
ickie, wich couldent possibly mean
anything except Willie wunts biSkitt.
Ha ha, III wager Mrs. Shooster
couldent match that, pop sed, and ma
sed, She axually had the cast iron
nerve to pertend she could, she held
out her arms as though to take little
Milderd out of her carriage, at the
same time saying, Who wuntS to go
wawking? and the child with the most
insipid expression you could imagine
sed, Illyunna wawa, and Mrs. Shooster
declared with PERFECTLY strate face
that that ment, Milderd wunts to go
wawking. I almost LATED in her face,
ma sed.
Ha ha ha. should think so, pop sed.
And he kepp on lafing himself till ma
almost got mad at him too.