davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times., 1931-06-29
Sauant Declares Light Is
4. Made of Energy

NEW YORK, June 29.-Light
eonSistS of bundles of energy.
These bundles spin or swirl. They
also vibrate.
This is a crude attempt to pic
tlre the discovery made by Sir
C. v. Raman, famous Brahaman
scientist of Calcutta University,
The first Hindu Nobel prize win
ner for science.
~ Others Agree
New York physicists, authorities
on light at Columbia and New
York universities. aver that Prof
RamaE's new light on light
POSSIBLY is an important bridge
way between energy and matter.
That is, matter and energy
begin, to merge into each other
more than ever before.
Matter is built up of electronS,
unit charges of electricity. In an
atom the electrons are known to
spin. Raman's latest work ap-
pears to suggest a similar spin or
rotation-like movement for pho
tons or packets of light-energy,
Nobel Prize Winner
eHowever, all such words as
spin" or rotation" or angular
momentum" must be understood
as vague attempts to describe
what really can be stated only by
mathematical symbols.
The Washington times., 1931-06-29
"Ride" Victim Run
OUer by Killers Car

CHICAGO, June 29 UN.S0.
Police today we're confronted with
another mysterious Staying, evi'
IDENTIFY a. gangland ride" The
victim, identified as Frank Scavo,
26, was not known as a police
character, authorities said. The
body was found sprawled face
downward near farmhouse.
Prints of automobile tires across
his shirt indicated that the
killers had run their car over
the body after shooting him down.
The Washington times., 1931-06-29
PARLEY.
REACHES
CRITICAL
STAGE
American Secretary Holding
Firm, Castle Indicate After
Long Distance Phone Talk

PARIS, June 90 G.N.SJ.-Sec-
retary Andrew w. Mellon and
Ambassador Edge held a confer
ence lasting two hours with Pre-
mier Laval, Foreign Minister
BRAND, and Finance Minister
Flandin at the ministry of the
Interior today.
1t was believed that the Ameri-
can representatives requested the
French ministers to clear up GER
tain obscurities in their counter
proposal to President Hoover'S
plan for a years suspension OF
war debt payments.
Meet Again Tonight
After the meeting Premier
Laval announced that he had
called a meeting of the council
of ministers for 6 o'clock tonight
and that he had arranged to
meet Secretary Mellon and Am
bassador Edge again at $3.50 p. m.
American observers here believe
that chances of the success Of the
American point of view were bet
tered by the prompt action of
Poland and Czechoslovakia, hither'
to considered satellites of France,
in agreeing to President HOOver'S
plan without qualification"
It was believed that the secre-
tary requested the French officials
to inform him on what terms the
French contemplated lending the
unconditional reparations pay
ments back to Germany and just
how much would go to Rumania.
Jugoslavia, Poland, and Belgium
under their plan.
The Washington times., 1931-06-29

. CHICAGO. June 90 Q.N.S0 .
Here are some heat waves:
After sprinkling an expansive
ridge two feet high in street
pavement, police gave up in de-
Spair and roped off the street.
Four boys swimming in nature
suits were arrested.
An ice manufacturing machine
set itself afire and burned up
when the motor windings became
Overheated.
Mrs. Elizabeth Sutherland and
her husband got into a hot argu,
ment and a neighbor shot and
slightly wounded Mrs. Suther.
land.
The Washington times., 1931-06-29
This News Should Make
You Hot Under Collar

While the thermometer regis.
tered 103 degrees, Mr.. and Mrs.
Palmer Ice, of Fairmont, Ind,
and Mr.. and Mrs. C. E. Winters,
of Buffalo, N. Y, registered at
q hotel in South Bend.
Ice cream in Chicago sold at
20 cents a quart.
So many persons sought relief
in Lake Michigan that the sub
marine temperature of So degrees
was raised 10 degrees by the
warmth Of the hupan bodies at
the cOngeSted beaches. ..
Two chicks were Matched in
the city dump at Davenport, Ia,
from a crate of bad" eggs.
The Washington times., 1931-06-29
Hurley Plans Tour
Of Philippine Isles

Secretary of War and Mrs.
Hurley will visit the Philippine
Islands this summer, and will
leave Seattle the latter part OF
July, the War Department an
nounced today. The announce
ment said Hurley is taking the
trip to acquaint himself more
intimately with the details of
Philippine problems.
The Washington times., 1931-06-29
"A Real News "Beat''

The Washington Times
"ScOOped" the town Saturday
with its exclusive Interna-
tiOnaI News Service dispatch
from Berlin announcing that
Germany is ready to approve
Frances plan for only a par
tial cessation Of war debt
payments.
This was the most impOr-
tant news story since an
nOuncement of the Hoover
plan, and was the first in
timatiOn that Washington
had that France and Ger.
many might come to an
agreement which would be
mutually satisfactory with
out involving a change Of pO-
sitiOn on the part of the
United States.
To keep up with the times
you must
READ THE TINES.
The Washington times., 1931-06-29
Second Ride Victim
Discovered in Ditch

CHICAGO. June % 1.N.S0 &.
The body of a young man, about
81, apparently the victim of the
same gangland ride that brought
death to Dominick Latronica, 81,
q hoodlum, on June 10, was found
in a prairie on the Southwest
Side today. The body was found
q hundred feet from the ditch in
which Latronica was found ia
tally wounded.
The Washington times., 1931-06-29
Sweetheart Slayer
Dies in Electric Chair

ROCKVIEW PENITENTIARY.
Bellefonte. Pa, June 29 G.N.SD.
Pennsylvania's electric chair to-
day claimed the life of Peter
Spirellis, 38.
Spirellis was electrocuted for
the murder of his sweetheart,
Mary Dashion, %, who spurned
his advances.
The Washington times., 1931-06-29
Farley Tour to Aid
Roosevelt, Report

NEW YORK, June 30 U.N.SD.
James A. Farley, chairman of the
Democratic State Committee, de-
clined today to admit that his
western trip, calling for stops in
II States, was a canvass in the
interest of Governor Roosevelt as
a candidate for the presidency.
The Washington times., 1931-06-29
Chicago GGngsters
Paying Back Taxes

CHICAGO, June 90 Q.N.SD.
Gangsters and racketeers are pay
ing their delinquent income taxes,
according to an announcement
today by Acting Collector Robert
E. Nicely. June collections have
amounted to $56O,723, the report
showed. One gambler, Nicely said,
paid 1865, 900 to settle his de-
linuuent account,
The Washington times., 1931-06-29

Prof, Raman was awarded
Nobel prize for 1880 because Of
his discovery known as the Ra-
man effect. He had proved that
light of one color in passing
through certain transparent sub
stances turns into light of other
colorS.
The Washington times., 1931-06-29
Debt Negotiations
At Critical Stage;
Mellon Holds Firm
By CEORGE r. HOLMES

Franco-American negotiations
over President Hoover's proposal
for war debt holiday have
reached a critical stage, it was
indicated here today. Develop
ments within the next 48 hours
(Continued on Page 2, Col. y
The Washington times., 1931-06-29
CONDITION OF TREASURY

Treasury balance as of June 26,
$500. 38,034.44: expenditures, So
3S3,924.74; customs receipts, $685.
l20,92l.20,
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-11-16

The wedding of Miss Zoe Comp ton Warner, daughter of Mir and Mrs William Bishop Warner of Pel- ham, N. Y., to Oliver Hebert Dur rell of Boston, took place Saturday afternoon in the Huguenot Memo- rial church in Pelham. Rev Dr Lewis Gatson Leary, former pastor of the church, performed the cere- mony. A reception followed at the home of Mir and Mrs Warner. Miss Janette Rittenhouse Higgins of Bennington, N. J., was maid of honor for Miss Warner whose bridesmaids were Misses Faith Durrell of Boston, sister of the bridegroom, Betty West of Pelham; Mary Elizabeth Edwards of Syra- cuse, N. Y., and Beatrice Trostel of Milwaukee, Wis. MT Durrell. the son of Mrs Richard Stimson Emery of Newton, Mass, had Will liam P. Almon. Jr, of Boston. for his best man and for hise ushers Frederick B. Percy, E. Bowman Boston and Leslie c. Burton of New Stratton, Jr, and Lloyd Osborne of York. There were two flower girls. Sybil Warner, sister of the bride, and Phyllis Webb of Pelham. Af- ter their wedding trip, MT Durrell and his bride will live at 60 Cram ersy Park, New York. Miss Warner Is a graduate of Saint Margarets school and the Spence school. The bridegroom Is associated with the American Woolen Co in New York.
 Announcement is made of the birth of a son Russell Paul on No- vember 11th, to MT. and Mrs. Blaise Esposito of Jamaica South, L. I. Mrs. Esposito was the former Dorothy Rechenberg of this city.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-11-16

| NO. 5 South bids s spades. North holds: -8-6-3-2 H-7-5 D-8-7-5 C-J-9-4-2
 North's correct response is 4 spades. South bids 8 spades. North holds: S-K-8-5 H-A-K-9-6-3.2 D-J-S-3 C-4 North's correct response Is hearts. South bids 3 hearts.
 North holds: S-K-0-4 H-8-0-3 D-A-1O-5-2 C-K-J-O
 NOrth's correct response Is
 nO-trump. TAKE-OUTs OF OPENING BID
 OF THREE NO-TRUMP.
 An opening bid of three mo- trump is rarely overcalled by part ner, however there are three types of hands that justify 1t: (a) A six-card, or longer, ma-
 jOr, bid four of the major. (b) A seven-card minor, bid five of the minor. (c) A hand containing e count
 of nine or more, in which
 case a siam invitation may
 Dc extended ASSISTING PREEMPTIVE BIDS
 OF FOUR AND FIVE Inasmuch as a suit bid of four
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-11-16
LONDON LOSES LEADERSHIP TO
 NEW YORK CITY
Scepter of Financial Head Has Been Placed on the Brow of Greater City

New Haven, Nov 16.-(UP)- Merryle Stanley Rukeyser. finan- cial writer and Columbia university faculty member. declared here to- day that London had turned over the scepter of financial leadership to New York.
 Prestige of the American dollar, he said, was never greater than at present, as the result of its hav- ing met and repulsed a recent in- ternational onslaught. "An epidemic of skepticism and fright concern ing the stability of monetary sys- tems," Rukeyser asserted, "has swept from country to country and gained momentum as 1t moved across international borders. The climax of the reactionary move- ment was the abandonment of the gold standard by England.
 "The only currency, Rukeyser said, (which was beset by this at. tack, and which repulsed 1t. was the American dollar. The rewards for meeting the challenge have been virtual cessation of panicky foreign withdrawals of American gold, and at home decline in the volume of hoarding currency by timid souls"
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-11-16
PERSONAL

Miss Jane Holcomb of Prospect street attended the weekend house parties at the Massachusetts In- stitute of Technology at Cambridge. Mass. as the guest of Pierre Du- Pont, 3d.
 Miss Alice Werner of Elizabeth street was hostess at q farewell party given at her home recently in honor of Miss Margaret Klcinei- dam of Wolcott street, who left to make her home in Albany, N. Y. Miss Kieineidam was presented with gift from those who attend ed. A luncheon was served. Among the guests were Misses Marie Pe1- letter, Blanche O'Brien, Emma Marggraff, Violet O'Day Dorothea Schuster, Edith Calo. Lillian sam uelson, Mildred Badger, Armand Finard and Mrs Thomas Brayton.
 A meeting of the ladies' aid of St. Paul's M. D. church will be held on Wednesday afternoon at 2:30 o. clock at the home of Mrs. Asa Smith of Walnut avenue.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-11-16

Miss Angeline Carissimi of Will low street has been appointed rep resentative of Queen Elena lodge, Sons of Italy, to attend a testi- monial banquet for Dino Grandi. Italian statesman, to be ehld Fri day evening in the Startford hotel in Philadelphia.
 A wedding of local interest took place in Glen Ridge, N. J., on Sat urday when Miss Margaret Cor nelia Price, daughter of Mir and Mrs Percy Ballinger Price of Glen Ridge, N. J., formerly of this city, became the bride of George H. Waltz, Jr, son of MT and Mrs George H. Waltz of Riverside Drive, N. Y. The ceremony was performed on Saturday evening at S:30 o'clock at the Women's club in Glen Ridge by Rev w. w. Pat ton, pastor of the Glen Ridge Con- gregational church. A dinner and reception followed. The guests from thls city included: Mir and Mrs Theodore Nuhn and Miss Elizabeth Nuhn of Willow street, MT and Mrs William T. Manning. Miss Betty Manning and Lester Manning of Ray street.
 Misses Marjorie and Lucille Farley of Willow street spent the week. end in Syracuse where they attend ed the Colgate e-Syracuse U. foot ball game on Saturday. On satur- day evening they attended the Theta Alpha dance, as the guests of Kenneth Crawford Langford of Susquehanna, Pa, and Gerald Hamilton Davis of Olean, N. Y., re- spectively.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-11-16

he said Industry up to now. has not provided adequate unemploy- ment means to protect the man fifty years of age. In Waterbury approximately 10000 people have been affected by the depression in- cluding men of wide experience and ability. The depression has been a mental and moral. as well as a financial one, but as long as a man keeps his courage, faith and fighting ability, he will weather it."
 MT Todd quoted a young busi- ness man as saying: Tt is not a lack of brains, but lack of char acter that Is back of the depres- sion," We have as many brains in the country as ever but men lack the force of character to meet the present crisis which Is merely a measure "said MT Todd.
 In bringing out the primary causes of the depression, the speak CT said that it was 'an aftermath of the World War. Germanw was hit immediately with the depres- sion, Great Britain a little later and now the United States, because of the fact that 1t entered the war later than these countries, Is get ting the same depression corre- later. Fifty-one billion dollars, including interest to date was spent on the World war which means that if a dollar a minute had been spent since Christ was born only two billions would have been spent to date with 9b,0O0 years to go.
 "Future depressions," declared MT Todd. depend on our attitude toward war. Today 85eo of the money spent by governments goes into war purposes. The vast sum of $4,600, 100000. is spent each year for armament. Until this unneces-
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-11-16

in a major or five in a minor indi- cates a long. strong suit. support for that suit in the assisting hand is waived. Raises are based on three valuations only:
 1. High cards in the suit GA,
 K, or Q of the bid suit, each
 counted one CD trick) 2. Short.suits values, provided
 the hand contains sufficient
 length in the bid suit. High cards in side suits
 (only first and second round
 leads of these suits, such as
 AK, A-Q, K-Q, A, or K). Obviously, it Is not desirable to raise an uncontested game going preemptive bid, unless the assisting hand indicates very strong slam probabilities. Under such circum- stances the assisting partner should bear in mind that the preemptive bid requires two assisting tricks in order to fulfill the contract. therefore. a raise should not be made with less than three SUD- porting tricks.
 CONTEST
 No. IS The bridge term to be defined both seriously and humor- oulsy to-day is ESTABLISHED SUIT.
 Conditions of the Contest 1. State the term you are defin- Ing and then mark your actual. or serious definition (a) and your hu- morous definition (b).
 2. Send in your definition not later than five days after the term has appeared to:
 Contest Editor
 Bridge Headquarters, Inc,
 2s5 Madison Ave,
 New York, N. Y.
 8. You may take your serious definition from the book "The Offi. ciai system" or from any other bridge work, or originate 1t, but it must be accurate. (. For the best combination of an. swers on each definition. there will be given as a prize, one each day. a copy of "The Ofticiaf System of Contract Bridge.
 To-Aay's bridge term. No 1. Ia BLANK SUIT. How would you de. fino it2
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-11-16
Rev Todd Gives
 Depression Cure
Says Character, Brains, Justice, and Gains Will
 Prevent Hard Times

"The putting of character with brains and justice with gains will do much to eliminate future dis dressing depressions such as the one we are going through today" said Rev Joseph O. Todd, at the Sunday afternoon forum at the Central Y. M. c. A.
 MT Todd spoke on "The Way Out of the Depression" we, in America, don't know what poverty means living as we do, in the land of prosperity. Tn comparison with India where fifty million persons go to bed hungry every night, we are living in luxury today"
 Speaking of our own difficulties,
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-11-16
Checker Games
 Resulted In Draw

In a checker game played in New York Saturday between Con- necticut and New Jersey teams, the contest resulted in a tie, Both teams won one game each while IS of the 62 games resulted in a draw. The waterbury men in the Connecticut team included William Barry, Lowell H. Cole. Arthur Hornbecker and Irving W. Chap man. The matches were arranged by Louis W. Gellerman of New Ha- ven and Louis Schuster of this nffv
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-11-16

sary expenditure ceases we. VIII continue to have depressions."
 MT Todd spoke of five theories which have been offered to do away with present unfortunate state or affairs. These were communism, socialism, dictatorship, Industrial democracy. and reformed capitat- ism, none of which are capable or solving the problem. In a nnai appeal, he said Let us put char acter with brains and justice with gains, if we would lift ourselves above future periods such as we are now passing through"
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-11-16

The wedding of Miss Sophie Eleanor Nzelsa dasuhe of MT
 
 and Mrs Anthony Webb street took place & hs and cut flowers and special musical was rendered by MISS Nzeka James Czarzasty bro ther of the bridegroom was the best
 a fashioned with tight tule valley and gardena Her with hat carried bouquet white chrysanthemums and blue lace flowers
 sister amethyst ring and the signe The brdegrooms g 10 the a platinum and diamond bracelet A immediate families held at following the The couple left on an tile travelling costume they will take their residence at 29 Edsoh avenue
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-11-16
Donations to
 the Milk Fund
Eight Subscriptions Re- ceiyed Over the Week
 End

The school milk fund is now within $2s of the $S,o0o mark which is the third milestone in the $10,000 campaign. The proceeds from the Crosby -Wilby game will he donated to the fund. The con- tributions includes:
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-11-16
AIR MAIL PICKUP

A new type of aerial pickup was determined at the Washington Hoover Airport recently. It per mits an airplane in flight to take up mail sacks without slackening its speed.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-11-16
one-eighth of the area within it. borders is under water.
CHANNEL CROSSING

The English Channel was first crossed by balloon in 17S5, by a swimmer in 1875, airplane in 1903. motor boat in 1929, row boat in 1880, and by glider this year.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-11-16
PLENTY OF WATER

Finland, which is nearly as large as California, Is pock- marked with thousands of lakes. but Is almost without mountains. About
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-11-16

LESSON NO. 8 CONTINUED Examples of Responses to Game Demand Bid of Three. In each example. South is the dealer and North is the assisting EXAMPLES South bids 8 diamonds.
 North holds:
 S-K-9-3
 H-K-1O-S-4-2
 D-J-5-4-2
 C-3 NOrth's correct response Is 3 hearts. South bidss3 hearts.
 North holds:
 -A-J-9-5-2
 Ills
 D-S-5-4
 C-0-0-2 North's correct response Is 3 spades.
 NO. 8 South bids 3 spades. W. North holds: S-0-6
 H-K-8-5-4-2
 D-J-5-3
 C-0-6-4 North's correct response is 2 no-trump.
 NO. 4 South bids 3 hearts.
 North holds: S-K-8-3
 H-6-5
 D-A-Q-S-4-2
 C-G-4-3 North's correct response is ( diamonds.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-11-16
sTEAM-DRIVEN BICYCLE

One of the forerunners of the automobile and motorcycle was bicycle propelled by steam. It was built in 1885. It is now owned by Philadelphia man.
Western news and the Libby times. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1920-1933, 1931-05-07
F ERRY'S purebred EEDS
/'->
(PEnRS
| ~l.~A |
SEEDS
~

New York City for a visit with Fred
Berger. He and Mr.. Berger came to
this part Of the country together ~
years ago although they have not seen
each other for twenty years. MIR. Dietz
came from New York via the Panama
Canal and plans to stay week or ten
days
Mrs. Mabel Belts has returned to
her home in Pleasant Va8ley.
The Tobacco River Power Company
Isl installing a new automatic voltage
regulator which will greatly improve
the service, The company has also set
I'D d large number OF new poles III
town to replace old ones
Ray and L. D. Frost went to Libby
Wednesday on business L. D. returned
Monday but Ray is still there.
Jewel Thomas went to Summit Mon
dav on Great Northern business.
Everly Masek was visitor in Kali
ispell over the weekend
Last Thursday Rev. and Mrs. Fl. p.
Simpson, accompanied by Mrs. Voor-
bees, motored TO Whitefish Mrs. Voor-
bees spent the day visiting her brother,
Homer Milligan. Rev. and Mrs. Simp-
son were guests of Rev and Mrs.
Richard Price at lunch Thursday noon
and in the evening attended meeting
of the White Cross Society in the Guild
Room. A program was presented and
Mr.. Simpson spoke on missionary work
in West Virginia at the time he was
there. While in Whitefish Rev. Slmp-
son took pictures of the societies there
which he will show as slides this sum-
mer when he tells the fasteners how
people live in the West.
Miss Aurea Schuck underwent an
operation for goitre Tuesday morning
in Kalispell
Mr.. and Mrs. Thomas Hale returned
to Mullan, Idaho, Saturday after q
weeks visit with her parents, MI. and
Mrs. Joseph Peltier, and family
Mrs. Ida Sinclair, who spent the
winter in Standpoint keeping house tor
her sons, has returned to her home
in Eureka.
Bill Hunsinger was home several
DAYS this week, from forest service
work on Bristol Creek.
Mr.. and Mrs. Felix Kuchenskl and
son were in town this week from
Stonehill J,
At the meeting Of the city council
Monday the following actions were
taken. The dog tax has been reduced
from SIS annd $500 to $500 and sl.5O
Cows which are running loose in toWf
must be locked up or put IN the pond
plans were made for putting new sane
and gravel in the water filter east o.
town.
Mrs. Catherine Carlin OF Clear Lake
Minnesota, arrived here Saturday to-
short stay with Mrs. Q. ( Teel. an'
started on her return trip Tuesday