davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times., 1931-08-04
SHARP DECLINE
IN IMMIGRATION
RECORDED
Below 100000 for Fiscal Year
For First Time Since Civil
) War; Aliens Leaving U. S.

immigration into this country
has been materially reduced, with
only 97,139 aliens admitted dur
ing the last fiscal year. Com
missioner General of immigration
Harry E. Hull announced today.
This is the first time since the
Civil War that annual immigra.
tion to this country has fallen
below 100000.
The number Of immigrants com.
Ing from Great Britain dropped
from 31,O15 to 9,11O, or 7O.6 per
cent; from Germany, 26,569 to
1O,4O1, or 6O.8 per cent; and from
the Irish Free State, 1871 to
6,121, or 65.9 per cent. The de.
crease from Scandinavian cOun.
tries was from 6,919 to 3,133, or
SAT- per cent, and for Italy from
22,327 to 1899, or 40 per cent.
immigration from cana d a
dropped from 63,502 to 81, ,687, or
65.8 per cent, and from Mexico
12,703 to 1888, or 1873 per cent.
The exodus of aliens shows an
increase over the preceding year
63,882 emigrant aliens having de
parted during 1881, as compared
with 50,661 in 1890, an increase
Of 1921, or 22.1 per cent. In
the first half of the past year
immigration exceeded emigration
by 44,605, but during the latter
half the exits for permanent resi-
dence in foreign lands outnup
bered the newcomers to this coun'
try for permanent residence by
9,348. or 43.2 per cent.
During each of the last six
months of the past fiscal year
there were more departures than
arrivals.
Deportations reached a high.
water mark during the fiscal year
1881, when a total of 1912
aliens were deported from the
United States, an increase of
1911 over the 1851 deportations
in the previous year.
The Washington times., 1931-08-04
SOciOLOgists Argue
Split Working D1y

The case for the unbroken
working day from the workers
point of view was recently pre-
sented before the Czechoslovak
Sociological Institute, according
to report of the International
Labor Office and quoted by the
United States Women's Bureau.
One reason cited in favor Of
the innovation was the allow.
ance to the worker of more
spare time to be devoted to his
family, his health and rational
enjoyment" The main oppoSi-
tion was based on the fear that
it would give rise to double em-
ployment and that it would be
incompatible with a five-day
week and nine-hour day.
The Washington times., 1931-08-04
AIcalde Rules Mems
Dress As the Best
For Women

PANAMA CITY, Aug. 4.
The women of Panama already
have more independence than
any of their Latin-American
sisters, and now they may wear
male attire if they choose to
do so. and the Conservative
party in its recent convention
decided that they should pan
ticipate gradually in the right
of suffrage"
A mans dinner jacket is
proper evening wear for q
woman in Panama, according
to Alcalde Hector Valdez, of
Panama City. The decision was
given when a police lieutenant
appeared before him escorting
an American girl from a cab
aret, wearing a tuxedo"
The Washington times., 1931-08-04

ROCHESTER, N. Y, Aug. 4.
Condemned by the Wickersham
Commission for its maintenance
of Auburn and Clinton prisons,
New York State will have an an
swer to charges of inhumane
penal conditions when the new
wyoming State prison opens at
Attica within the next few
months with its full quota Of
1000 convicts.
Said to be the last word in
modern prison construction, the
new unit in the States penal
system will do away with such
traditions as convict hunks, mess
The Washington times., 1931-08-04
-AndEach CeHHas Radio,
Mattresses, Sunlight

hall lock step, bull pens and
even locks and keys. In their
places will be beds with springs
and mattresses, a cafeteria with
food under glass, recreation n
rooms and an automatic signal
system by which convicts will
notify guards of their presence
in their cells. Doors will be op.
Grated by compressed air. Sun.
light will stream into cells and
every prisoner will have an in,
dividual radio.
Architectually handsome, the
prison will be strong. 1t will be
surrounded by a 30-foot wall.
The Washington times., 1931-08-04
District Student
Wins Scholarship

Four young men from Wash.
ington and vicinity have been
awarded Du Pont and Tayly'
Tiffany scholarships at the Uni
versity Of Virginia, authorities
there announced yesterday.
Edwin c. McClintock, jr., Clar-
endon, Va; Ralph Deming Lewis,
jr., Alexandria, Va; and Paul S.
Sulaney, of this city, were
granted Du Pont scholarships in
the college. John Griffiths
Hunt, Clarendon, received a Du
Pont scholarship in engineering
Ninety-one scholarships were
awarded.
The Washington times., 1931-08-04
Air Line Passengers
We're 9,II9 in July

Trimotored planes Of the Lud-
ington Air Lines carried 9,119 pas
sengers in July, Gene Vidal, exec
utive vice president Of the COM
pany, announced yesterday. OF
this number, 6,044 flew between
New York and here. and 2,596
made trips to Atlantic City. The
remaining 479 were carried in spe-
cially chartered trips. In the last
II months planes of the company
have flown 1,4O0, 900 miles be-
tween New York and here with
65, 900 passengers.
The Washington times., 1931-08-04
5 Committees Named
BH Seat Pleasant

Five committees were ap-
pointed last night at the first
regular meeting of . the Seat
Pleasant, Md, town council
which was elected two weeks ago
under the recently acquired
charter.
The committees will cover fl.
nances, public safety, sanitation,
streets and lighting, and rules
and ordinances.
The Washington times., 1931-08-04
Friendship House
To GiUe Folk Dance

A Dutch folk dance by children
of Friendship House viii feature
the fifth program Of the summer
festival series at the Sylvan Thea.
ter Friday night. Carol singing
will be another feature.
The Washington times., 1931-08-04
THEE TAXES EARPHoNE

A sneak thief yesterday en-
tered the Morris Plan Bank, 1400
block H St. N. w., and stole an
earphone belonging to Hugh N.
Niccum, $500 block Kansas Ave.
N. w., according to a report to
police. The instrument was valued
f. Sim.
The Washington times., 1931-08-04
3 HURT IN CRASH

Three Cumberland, Md, men
were injured slightly yesterday
when their automobile went over
an embankment on the road be.
The Washington times., 1931-08-04
GLIDER FLIGHTS PLANNED

Flights from the Blue Ridge
mountains are being planned by
members of the Washington
Glider Club who completed con-
struction of a new glider with a
42-foot Wingspread yesterday.
The Washington times., 1931-08-04

tween Cumberland and washing.
ton. James Coderington, 50:
George Barnett, 81. and Robert
Hudgerson, 81. were treated at
Emergency Hospital.
The Washington times., 1931-08-04

Whatever your wants may hs, there
IL always q possibility that they can
be satisfied through the many services
advertised in today's Classified Section.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-07-17
Burns Ayers
Walker Will
Beat Sharkey

AAC1r 1R3At8 FAAAEA
.-ORANGEBURGH. n. r.. July ~.
P-Back In 1905 a little fellow man,
ed Tommy Burns turned from the
middleweight ranks to fight heavy
weights and the first fellow he pick
ed on was Marvin Hart, a big. pow
erlul 200 FOUNDER who had just
whipped a negro named Jack john
son.
Burns weighed f72 pounds then,
not all or 1t fighting weight, but ne
plastered Hart around a Los AnVe-
les ring and yer since then Tommy
has been considered the unofficial
heavyweight champion who ruled
between the time OF Jim Jeffries's
retirement and the reign of that
same negro. Jack Johnson.
Tommy sat In the sun &C the ring
side Of Mickey walkers training
camp yesterday and for the first
time watched another over-grown
middleweight, who aspires TO the
heavyweight crown. go through his
preparatory pages for a fifteen
round battle In Ebbets Field, Brook
lyn. next wednesday night with Jack
Sharkey. the Marvin Hart OF the
present fighting era. another big,
tough fellow who can box and hit.
He saw Walker in a mediocre drill
with three sparTing partners. Per
haps he sides naturally with q little
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-07-17

man such as ne was himself against
a man of Sharkey's size and stature.
Perhaps he's . prophet among pro-
phets. At any rate he spoke As fol-
lows:
IF walker can get past the .rst
three rounds with Sharkey he will
give the big fellow the licking OF MS
life.s
Tommy went way back into his
own memories. back over the histc.y
Of the gl-diators he has seen and
met In gloved warfare. to bolster his
opinion
"Heayyweights," he said. ALWAYS
have the most trouble with little
men. Hart couldn't beat me, Derlp-
sey would not tackle Harry Greb.
and Walker win beat Sharkey. He
will beat him with left hooks TO the
body, by ~c-owding him. out gaming
him. taking the best Sharkey can
throw. coming hack for mcre.'
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-07-17

irregular habits, foIks-I don't be-
l.eve he has the stuff left that he
viii need in there against Josef
Paul ~Cuckoschay.
Mickey has had more than o
hundred fights. nearly all tough
ones, at that. He has been going II
years. He has taken beatings-
Every fight takes a little out. Walk
er has given nobly and without
stint, and taken 1t generously, too.
The taking Is no help TO a chap
when he reaches his 30th year. Most
Of them crumbie long before then.
I thought I saw signs OF this In
Miami last spring when he fought
Risko. He fh0uld have beaten Ris-
ko. The old walker would have
given Johnny a pretty thorough GO
ing over. But the 1891 walker did
ut even beat the bouncing baker
boy from Cleveland. The Mick got
the decision. certainly. but that was
one he didn't earn. The worst Risko
should have been given was a draw.
OF course these aging eyes may be
playing tricks again.
There comes a time when your
knight OF the caulifiower can train
and train and train. and 1t doesn't
mean anything. You can't start a
fire without some kind OF a spark.
according TO the Boy Scout Manual.
My assumption Is that the Mick no
longer carries matches.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-07-17
Is Conceded
Chance At Victory

Chicago. July 10. R-Railbirds.
always on the lookout for q good
horse with a longer nose. turned
their eyes away from Twenty Grand
to A. G. Bostwick's Mate today as
the entries In tomorrow's Rich Ar
Iington classic breezed through their
final workouts.
Most of the so-called wise" ones
among them agreed that nothing
short of a broken leg could stop
Twenty Grand in the gallop over q
mile and a quarter but many or
them recalled that Mate turned the
trick and might do it again.
Bostwick. himself. was confident
that his entry would repeat hts up
set. He had Sonny Workman ready
to ride Mate and said his three
vear-old was fit and ready.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-07-17
BULLDOG IS
SAID AGING
Writer Declares Little Man
Not What He Was
2 Years Ago
BY WILLIAM BRAUCHER
NEA Service Sports Editor

NEW YORK. July Tor the
theory that the human frame viii
stand up under just so much pun
ishment and no more. Jack Sharkey
will knock out Mickey Walker here
the night OF July %.
"A few years ago the Mick, one
OF the greatest pieces Of fighting
machinery Of all time. would have
chased Sharkey screaming from the
ring. He would have beaten his body
into q carbuncle. Sharkey, you
know. never did like EN- there.
But now?
Well, they all come 10 the end Of
the road. There Is always a last
fight for The Kid. I think the Mick
Is ready for the porch.
Walker has been his own best
or worst-body punisher. He Is In
strict training now. and looks great.
but let us not forget that Double
Yell Stribling looked pretty good.
too. before the affair with Schmel-
Ing. In view OF the kind OF life he
has led-he has been a boy Of very
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-07-17

tory yesterday Owe J. Gilbert Hall,
OF Orange, Nv. y.
Bell defeated Hall 61s: 6-1: 6-7.
Jimmy Quick. also OF Austin. win
meet Bell III TIE semi-finals by viz
tue on q default victory FOR Eddie
Jacobs Of Baltimore. Jacobs IA SUI
fering a Leg injury.
In the lower bracket III the other
quarter final match. Bruce Barnes,
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-07-17
Bell Favored To
Win Colorado Title

DENVER. Colo. July ~. R1-
Berkeley Bell. Austin. Tex. twice
Colorado open tennis champion. to-
day was favored to win his third
title by virtue OF a straight set VIC
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-07-17

The husband was seeing his
wife away on a holiday. Ellen,
dear" she said. "hand'nt YOU better
take some fiction with you TO while
away the time
"Oh. no. William" she replied:
you'll be sending me some let
tersl"-The Humorist.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-07-17

another Justin player, win meet
David Jones cf New York. Jones dfu
fcated Billy D0cg. Santa Monica
616, Is. g. Barnes won from T.nA
Burwell, Charlotte. N. c. 6-3. 6-4
4-6. U.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-20
BUTLER TO ASK LEAVE
TO AID UNEMPLOYED
General Says He Will Request
Immediate Relief From Duty
to Help Raise Funds.
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
PHILADELPHIA, February 20.-Maj.
Gen. Smedley D. Butler announced to-
day that he would ask the Navy De-
partment for an immediate leave of
absence so that he might help swell
the funds for the relief of the I'M
employed.
Gen. Butler came back to Philadel-
phia yesterday and made two speeches.
When he arrived he repeated what
he had said at Buffalo the night be-
fore, that he intended to retire from
the Marine Corps to go on the lecture
platform. AS to his speech at the
Contemporary Club here, which result
ed in the United States making an
apology to Italy, not word.
At the Northeast Public High School
the general was greeted by the students
like hero just back from the wars.
The stage setting was just to the lik-
ing of the general and entering into the
spirit of his welcome he gave the boys
one of his characteristic talks that have
become familiar to Philadelphians since
the time he ran the police and fire
of the city.
Later Butler made another speech at
the Pen Athletic Club, where he was
guest of honor.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-20
|. c. c. RAIL HOLDING
CONTROL IS URGED
Parker Recommends Passing
Law in Connection With
Detailed Report.

BY the Associated Press.
Prompt enactment of law to place
railroad holding companies under juris-
diction of the Interstate Commerce
Commission was advocated to the house
today by Chairman Parker of its Inter-
state Commerce Committee.
The recommendation was made in a
speech in connection with the submis-
sion of an exhaustive report on the
committee investigation begun a year
ago at the instance of the commission,
which complained it was without power
to prevent rail consultations through
holding companies.
Parker Proposes Amendment.
Parker proposed an amendment to the
interstate commerce act suggesting that
when it is passed "it should be made
very clear that it does not give i'm
munity to any company. which before
the effective date of the amendment
had acquired control Of some railroad in
violation of an existing statute"
The commission had urged the in
curry with view to determining what
legislation was necessary to bring about
supervision of the railroads, which have
undergone many changes in control
through holding company mergers in
the past 10 years.
The New Yorker said that soon the
Interstate Commerce Commission would
have to consider the projected CONSOLE
dations of Eastern trunk lines into four
gigantic systems, including the Van
Sweringen lines, the Pennsylvania, New
York Central and the Baltimore &
Ohio.
IF there should be undue delay in
coming to the commission with the pro-
posed applications of the four systems, u
he said, "if there should continue to
be striving after selfish advantage and
hesitancy in submitting the issues to
the commission, then the Congress may
find it necessary to clothe the commits
sion with undoubted power to compel
divestiture of the ownership of railway
stock where the commission would find
that such ownership had been acquired
without the commissions approval and
was being continued contrary to the
commissions finding of what is in the
public interest"
The report, compiled under the direc-
ton of DR.. w. M. w. Splawn, former
Continued on Page 2, Column IL
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-20
DELEGATES GIVEN
S|GNBOARDS BILL
Popular Measure Provides
License Fee, Tax and Ban
on Dangerous Sites.
By a star Correspondent of The Star.

BY staff Correspondent of The Star.
ANNAPOLIS, Md, February 90
Concluding weeks of careful study, four
members of the House of Delegates yes
terday introduced a bill designed to
regulate and restrict billboards along
Maryland highways.
Salient features of the bill are:
l. Supervision of billboards by the
State Roads Commission, which will
pass on all applications to erect road
side signs and reject applications for
signs which would constitute a menace
to public safety.
2. Payment by all outdoor advertising
companies operating in Maryland of a
5000 annual license fee.
3. Imposition of an additional annual
tax Of cents per square foot of area
for each billboard erected within 500
feet Of a public highway.
Would Exempt Cities.
4. Exemption of cities and ineorpor-
ated towns from the provisions of the
act.
5. Punishment of violators by fines of
not more than $1,000.
The delegates who introduced the
measure are Miss Lavinia Engle, Demo-
crat, Montgomery County; Lawrence P
Williams, Democrat, st. Marys County
Kent r. Mullikin, Democrat, Prince
George County and Oliver Metzerott, Re
publican, Prince Georges County, author
of the original bill introduced at this
session.
Having placed the bill before the
House, Miss Engle moved promptly TO-
day to give the legislators a chance to
hear the large number of individuals
and organizations that are supporting
it, by requesting public hearing be-
fore the Ways and Means Committee,
to which it was referred.
Hearing Due in March.
It is expected the hearing will be set
for the first week in March, when sew
eral high Government officials from
Washington, as well as representatives
from the scores of Maryland organiZa-
tions that have Endorsed the bill, will
express their views.
The quartet that introduced the
measure is composed of four of the
most influential members of the lower
branch of the General Assembly and
Continued on Page 2, Column g.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-20
D. c. TRAFFIC BILL
GOES TO CONFEREES
House Names Three Men,
berS to Meet With Senate
Appointees.

The House today sent the District
traffic bill to conference with the Sem
ate, the conferees being Chairman
Zihlman and Representative Stalker,
New York. and Norton, New Jersey.
The House District Committee had
previously instructed the chairman to
endeavor to send the bill to conference
by unanimous consent and that If Rep
resentative Blanton, Democrat of Texas,
objected, as was expected, that the
chairman should then move to concur
in the Senate amendments. However,
when Chairman Zihlman made his
motion Mr.. Blanton was not on the
floor and the bill was sent to con-
ference.
Chairman Zihlman also endeavored
under unanimous consent to get action
on the Senate bill authorizing an ap-
preparation of 100000 for the Wash
ington committee cooperating with the
George Washington Bicentennial Com
mission in arranging for the National
Capitals program for acting as official
host to people from all parts of the
country who come here during the BIZ
centennial period next year.
OUJcCtlOH rs Mduc.
This amount had been stricken from
an appropriation bill on the ground that
there was no substantive legislation
authorizing such an appropriation. Rep
resentative Rayburn, Democrat, of Tex
as, however, objected to action on the
measure under unanimous consent.
Chairman Zihlman said that he will
bring this measure up again tomorrow
under suspension of the rules when he
expects the bill to be passed.
Mr.. Zihlman has filed with the clerk
of the House the conference report on
the Mcleod bill providing for a reduced
street car fare for school children,
which he will call up in the House as
soon as the Senate has acted.
The so-called signboard bill to regu-
late outdoor advertising is still in con-
ference between the House and Senate,
but action upon it is held up only until
Senator King can confer with Cor
poration Counsel Bride regarding a
question that puzzles him in connec-
ton with this legislation. The con-
ferees have otherwise reached COM
plete agreement and the House con-
fereeS have notified the conference that
they will concur in the Senate amend
mentS
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-20
"SCHOOL SICKNESS" CAUSE HELD
NERVOUS STRAIN OF ATTENTION
Newly Recognized Malady Described to
White House Child Health Conferees
Appears as Chronic WEAKNESS

any specific cause, except that the vic
tins show great improvement when
released from the discipline of school
during long vacations.
Since the trail seems to lead directly
back to the school room it was sug-
geSted that educators may be placing a
greater burden on the child than its de-
veloping nervous mechanism can endure.
Children, Dr. Martin pointed out, have
little capacity for sustained attention.
All day they are confronted by constant
claims on their attention. Undue ia
tigue in children. he pointed out, ap-
pears to be closely related to friction
with their parents in the home, which
keeps them in a state of tension they
are not equipped to maintain.
But in school, he pointed out, even
the necessary restraint may make them
tired, entirely apart from any actual
mental eXertion required by their stud
les. Just sitting still may be an undue
strain on the nerves.
While school sickness" may have
Continued on Page 2, Column 81
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-20
CRITIC WRONG, CHILD MARRIAGES
ARE LEGAL IN IL STATES, NOT 7
Childrens Bureau Sorry But Files Show Dame Crowdy
Underestimate Situation

this today of Miss Grace Abbott, chief
of the Children's Bureau, land, as is
always true of the United States in
our 48 different jurisdictions, we have
examples of some of the best as well
as some of the poorest"
From Russell Sage Foundation studies
and other sources, the roster of States
making IL the minimum marriage age
for girls. follows:
Louisiana and Virginia, fixed by
statute; Florida, Maine, Rhode Island
Tennessee, fixed by judicial decision
under common law; Colorado, Idaho,
Maryland, Mississippi and New jersey
in which 1t is presumed the common
law applies.
Kentucky Pennsylvania and New
York, which were in that same list
six years ago. raised the minimum age
to IA, 16 and II, respectively.
The Russell Sage Foundation study
of 1925 on child marriages estimated
$4,000 women and girls then living IN
the United States began their married
life as child brides.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-20
PERU NIPS ATTEMPT
TO GUST Government
Conspirators Flee to Callao, Where
They Are Surrounded
by Troops.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press
LIMA, Peru, February 20-An at
tempt to overthrow the government OF
President Sanchez Cerro early today
failed and the conspirators fed to CAL
lao where they were surrounded by
troops
An official statement said a group of
about 60 civilians and armed troops at
tempted an attack on the palace at 4
o'clock this morning. Their movements
were discovered in time, however, and
the band retreated to Callao. barricad-
ing themselves in the old colonial fort,
Real Felipe, which now is used as
customs house.
The authorities said they believed
the movement was headed by adher-
entS of former President Leguia, and
they named Gen. Pedro Pablo Martinez
as one of the possible leaders.