davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-19
LEGGE ADVOCATES
WHEAT EMBARGO
Tells House Hearing Farmers
Need Encouragement as
Well as Money.

Bolstering the morale of the Ameri-
can farmer is as important as caring
for his financial welfare, Chairman
Legge of the Farm Board, told the
House Ways and Means Committee, in
tSetifying before that body in support
of legislation to curb the importation
of cheap farm commodities.
Mr.. Legge recommended passage of
the BurtnesS bill providing for a r.
month embargo on wheat, feed grains
and other products. Such legislation,
he said. would be helpful not only to
the producer, but to the Farm Board.
Anything showing interest in the
agricultural producer would be help
full" the chairman said. He needs a
little encouragement about as much as
he needs money right now"
Legge said it is "emmaterial to us
whether the relief is by embargo, a tar
if increase or change in the Tariff
Commissions procedure"
Bills Scope Is Defined.
1.-THE flexible provision IS inopera-
tive on agricultural products" he added.
THE farmers don't keep costs and at
the time the relief is needed, as in the
present depression, costs don't cut
much figure anyhow"
The bill by Representative Burtness,
Republican, North Dakota, was said by
the author, in a statement before the
committee, to include wheat and wheat
flour, feed grains, butter and butter
substitutes, dried beans, eggs, in va
rious forms, and palm oil.
Legge approved the list, but said ag-
ricultural interests might want other
commodities such as wool and fax in
cluded.
Earlier in the day Secretary Mellon,
in a letter to Chairman Hawley of the
committee, declined to take any posi-
ton on the measure.
THE department deems it inappro-
pirate to comment on the wisdom of
the policy of enacting such a law"
Mellon wrote, after stating that the
Treasury perceives no difficulty to be
involved in the enforcement of the pro-
hibition Of the articles mentioned in the
bill"
The Treasury head said, however,
certain sections of the tariff law would
be made wholly or partially imperative
should the BurtnesS embargo be passed
without amendments.
Wants Embargo for Year.
Legge testified that while agricul-
tural imports are not large in quantity
they "have a marked effect on price,
Legge said he would oppose applying
any embargo for more than one year.
Explaining why he believed the flex-
ible tariff cannot help in present con-
ditions, Legge said the commission in
terprets the requirement that compar-
alive prices and costs be taken over a
representative period of time to mean
two years.
Questioned by committee members
on wheat conditions, Legge forecast
that the inventory on July l would be
less than on that day last year when
there was a carryover Of 275,000,0 900
bushels.
Inc Gran otapllIzatIon corporation
now holds about 100000 bushels Of
cash wheat. he said, or about half the
visible supply in this country.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-19

bonus bill tomorrow, Mellon is sup
posed to be such good treasurer,
that the Senate is saying, IF you
are such a good treasurer, you ought
TO have billion and half Any
body can be a good treasurer If we
don't draw anything out, a good
treasurer is man that has it when
we want it." Spain is a monarchy
tonight, yes, tonight
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-19
TRAINMEN FACE MAN
Victim of Accident Fails to Iden'
tify Member Who Pushed Him.

Efforts to identify member of the
train crew as the man who pushed
James O'Brien, SO years old, of 1922
Ninth street, from a Richmond, Fred
ericksburg 81 Potomac Railroad Co.
train Tuesday. failed yesterday when
the conductor, brakeman and baggage
man confronted O'Brien at Emergency
Hospital.
The trainmen, Conductor James F.
Taylor, Brakeman Dewey M. Hall and
Baggageman John G. Rice, all of
Fredericksburg! Va, were taken to the
bedside of O'Brien, who is suffering
from a fractured back, by Detective
Nelson G. Thayer of the fourth pre-
cinct station.
O'Brien told police that he was
showed from the train at the Seventh
street and Maryland avenue southwest
station as it pulled away from the sta
ton while he was still trying to locate
a woman to deliver funeral spray
purchased at the florist shop where he
is employed.
Taylor and Rice told Detective
Thayer they did not see the man until
after the accident, while Hall said he
watched the man attempt to alight from
the moving train and pulled the signal
cord for the engineer to stop so O'Brien
could get of safely. The messenger
then stepped from the train and fell,
Hall said.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-19

BY the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, February 19.-Green
iron, product of new furnace, was
described to the American Institute Of
Mining and Metallurgical Engineers to-
day.
1t is a metal skin disease, and it was
reported upon because cure has been
found.
The cure results in a new method
of making bright, stainless and pre-
sumably rustless iron. The process was
described by Floyd c. Kelley of the
General Electric Co.
The new furnaces get rid of all air
and substitute in their heating cham
bers an atmosphere of hydrogen. In
this atmosphere iron and steel receive
the finishing process called annealing,
which is heating to somewhat less than
redness and cooling at definite and
gradual rate.
Oxygen Is Barred.
When annealing is done in air,
oxygen combines with the iron to form
part of the metals permanent surface.
In this skin the oxygen later opens the
door to further entry of oxygen which
appears as rust
But if the hydrogen is sufficiently
pure, no oxygen gets into the metal
and the door is shut to rust. The big
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-19
RUSTLESS IRON NOW PRODUCED
by CURE FOR METAL ''DISEASE'
New Furnace for Process Described Before
Institute of Mining and Metallurgical
Engineers.

difficulty, says Mr.. Kelley, is to exclude
both oxygen and moisture.
Oxygen is tickle and liable to divorce
some of its molecules even from solid
substances when in contact with any
thing for which it has an affinity.
Hence even the Innings of the hydrogen
furnace must be of materials capable
of clinging tightly to their own oxygen.
If small quantities of air leak into
the furnace the atmospheric oxygen
combines with hydrogen to form water.
This moisture prevents making stain
less iron.
Test Furnaces Small.
Too much oxygen makes brown iron.
In small quantities 1t combines with
chromium to produce chronic oxide,
and the iron comes out dark green. The
General Electric furnaces are small and
experimental, but Mr.. Kelley said the
principles apply to larger furnaces.
Iron which grows was explained by
Walter E. Remmers of the Western
Electric Co., Chicago. Gray cast iron
does this, he said. and the growth is
permanent. The increase in volume Is
35 to AZ per cent. The reasons are a
change in the graphite in the cold iron,
oxygen action after the graphite change,
and mechanical swelling caused by very
fine fracturing.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-19
Scouts to Hear Buckley.

Several hundred Boy Scouts from
Washington will hear an address by
Senator Buckley of Ohio, Saturday, at
the Mount Vernon tomb of George
Washington. The ceremonies will be
held In observance of Washington's
birthday anniversary the following day.
The Scouts will place wreath on the
tomb. The boys will assemble on the
EllipSe at 9:15 am. to make the trip by
bus.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-19

- ~ y
Louis Wolheim
the great actor.
He was so ugly
and tough you
loved him on
the screen. And
when you knew
him he was
actually beauti-
full, and you
loved him for
his C h a r acter.
The S e n a { e
votes on the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-19
PATROLMAN SUSPENDED
Accused Of Intoxication at Home
After Asking Sick Card.

Patrolman John w. Hobbs of the first
precinct was suspended from duty by
Lieut.. Frank w. Varney for alleged in
toxication yesterday afternoon when the
latter called at the Hobbs residence to
investigate the patrolman's application
for a sick card.
Hobbs who lives at 1927 Twenty-third
street southeast, notified his commander
one hour before he was due to go on
duty that he was i'll. The suspended
officer was not examined by police
doctor, the customary procedure in
pronouncing a policeman unfit for duty
Lieut.. Varney explaining that he deem
ed It unnecessary.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-19

A temple was dedicated to peace by
the Roman Emperor Vespasian In rs
A. D.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-19
Will Rogers
Says:

BEVERLEY HILLS, Calf.-Say,
we lost a fine fellow out here today,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-19
Chain Store Group to Meet.

The National Chain Store Association
viii meet IN Washington for the firSt.
time in annual convention at the May.
flower Hotel, October to 10. It was
announced today by r. w. Lyons. ex-
ecutive vice president, after q meeting
OF the Executive Committee. The two
previous conventions were held In Chi.
cago.
The association was organized at
Memphis In 1927 and its membership
now includes most Of the large and
smaller chain store organizations In
the country. Albert H Morrin. presi-
dent Of the Kroger Grocery & Baking
Co., Of Cincinnati. is president.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-19

serve the ancient custom of drowning
the Shamrock" In alcoholic beverage
this st. Patrick's day.
During recent years there has been
prohibition over st. Patrick's day, Good
Friday and Christmas, but the new bill
would permit licensed houses to remain
open for two hours on st. Patrick's day.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-19
WILL VISIT NEW YORK
DR.. Re Barney Phillips to Preach
at Lenten Services There.

at Lenten Services There.
DR.. Re Barney Phillips, rector Of the
Church Of the Epiphany here, and
president Of the House of Deputies Of
the General Convention of the Episcopal
Church, will be the Lenten preacher
during next week at st. James Epis-
copal Church, Madison avenue and
Seventy-first street, New York City.
The services at which DR.. Phillips will
speak will be held at Sis on Tuesday,
Wednesday, Thursday and Friday
afternoons. Other prominent Episcopal
rectors and oflcials will have charge
season.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-19
MAY "DROWN SHAMROCK

DUBLIN, Irish Free State, February
10 DIFF a bill introduced in the Dali
today passes before March II citizens
Of the Free State will be able to OBJ
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-10-31
Background of the Lawrence Textile
Workers Revolt

on which the operative worked was geared to q
larger wheel, SO that the machine operated faster
for a given speed of the driving mechanism.
Sometimes the driving mechanism itself was
speeded up.
Several also remarked on the fact that the
basis of payment had been changed from per-
yard basis to per-pick basis. 1t was practically
impossible to compute the average number Of
picks in yard, since there SO many varieties
of cloth, but when the pays began to come in
under the new system, they decided that their
rate HAD been cut
Many of the mills have been working night
shifts. The weaver who has not finished his
piece leaves it on the loom, and the company
is supposed to give him credit for as much as he
has done when the man on the other shift takes
the loom over. The weavers contend that the
company has robbed both the day and the night
shift and made deductions in its own favor.
BY other indirect methods the wage rate bad
been slashed even before the announcement of
the general 10 per cent cut. Thus, the usual
operating time on the day shift is eight and
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-10-31

But they ARE afraid of the Communists In fact the capt.
ass HELP the socialists to get elected when they think
that the workers getting sick of republicans and demo-
Gratis and be KEPT QUIET by the fake Socialists while
the capitalists CONTINUE ROBBING THE WORKERS
In dozen countries of Europe, the socialists" have
talked AGAINST capitalism but in office, have SHOT
DOWN WORKERS who want to destroy capitalism the
ONLY WAY it be destroyed, by revolution and the
establishment of WORKERS AND FARMERS GOVERN
MENT
In America now, the capitalists through their news
papers, beginning HELP socialist candidates The
N. Y WorldTeegram is supporting the fake socialist,
Norman Thomas for important office But it DON'T scr
port any C0mmunist-nOt your life!
Just look at the DIFFERENCE IN CANDIDATES. The
republican and democratic candidates live in STYLE quite
openly like the rest of their robber class And the World
Telegram recently told of the VERY NICE home Norman
Thomas, the socialist" candidate saying "any rooms,
numerous repaces and lots of easy chairs but OH dear
There is "only servant!
Isn't that too bad! How Socialist" candidate get
along with only ONE servant But workers. take look at
Communist candidate for mayor who has NO servant NO
big house, and indeed HAS BEEN EVICTED!
Charles F. Bell Communist candidate for mayor in the
Steel and Mining town of Johnstown Pennsy vania is
UNEMPLOYED WORKER with two children. He con-
WINGED that ONLY the Communist Party really FIGHTS for
the workers. when he first Communists leading DEM
onstraon last February of unemployed demanding relief at
City Hall. He was NOT THEN Communist. But he, too,
was ARRESTED along with many Communists So he joined
the Communist Party!
Now he is Communist candidate for mayor. And be-
he has become FIGHTER FOR THE WORKING
GLASS; COMMUNIST the County refused to pay the rent
his humble home ard the capitalist court has sent
him notice that his family will be EVICTED. And the land
lord is the Moxham Investment Company the officers
of which is the CAPITALIST JUDGE of the which
eyicted him! Nice, isn't it!
So you workers. that the Communist Party is DIFF
FERENT! 1t is the ONLY party rayng all workers to-
overthrow the whole damned system of capitalist class rob-
berry of the workers. 1t is the ONLY party that leads and
helps the workers RIGHT NOW in struggle Unempoy
ment Relief Insurance. that organizes and leads strikes
against wage cuts!
By voting for Communist candidates. you put them in
position where they do MORE help the struggle
make it successful The difference you see is WHICH
CLASS do candidates represent! Vote working against
capitalist class! Vote Communist!
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-10-31
A Spiritual Awakening

Since Haywood Broun suddenly abandi med his
theatrical pursuits (after losing $4,000 and
came out from under the bed or beds of his va
rious stage mistresses, we thought that both the
theater and the socialist" party had reformed
But lackaday! Broun's Socialist siAe-kick
Texas Guinan has gone on tour OF overnight
stands to the provinces, and in perusing thu coll
umns of the Nation" we discover that the stage
is worse off than before.
For the Nation informs us that the wages
of sin" is not death, but next to 1t, sum to be
exact, of SOS per week and board yourself.
1t appears, says the Nation, that the Spiritual
awakening" and mass meditation upon the evils
of material life expected as result of the we'll
known depression" has resulted not In the
church putting up standing room only signs and
directing those seeking divine guidance to over
flow meetings but in new crop Of exceedingly
naughty burlesque shows on Broadway, street
that we have neither the wish nor the price to
frequent. >s.sss-@
Further, the Nation cites the theatrical paper
variety" to show that the chorus girl shares ths
same fate as the steel worker in regard to wage
cuts. In these new show houses, and In the old
ones, it appears that:
1.-THE longest and hardest Job is now the "a
hour, $25-a-week runway grind for girls at the
Central They average IL hours Fridays and
Saturdays and 10 hours daily the rest OF the
week, including Sundays"
Variety" further explains that once in q time,
the girl who stripped off most CT her clothes
during her act known as "st1ippers} or she
who had "teaser" act, one in which the girl
sheds clothes piece by piece at the demand OF
those who want to see nature in an unadorned
state, got 50 week extra, at about nickela
strip" "a
But that's all cut out now Not the stripping
but the So! The spiritual awakening of the man
ayers has decided that the girls must still strip
and tease" even more than before. But they
don't get that extra So. So the poor girls are the
only ones that give up the illusion of material
rewards"
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-10-31
HOWTOORGANIZES SOCIALIST
COMPETITION

self, straighten his back and feel that he is
man Now for the first time, after centuries of
working for others, of subsection to exploiters it
has become possible to work for oneself and,
moreover, to do work with the aid of all the
conquests of modern technique and culture.
Certainly this greatest change in the history Of
mankind-from involuntary labor to working for
oneself-cannot take place without friction,
without difficulties, conflicts, violence towards
the parasites and their toadies who have fat
tened on the workers so long. But the workers
have no illusions on this score; the workers and
poorest peasants, fettered with debts and long
years OF toll for the exploiters, continuously
Knocked and outraged by them, chained by dire
need, know that it takes time TO break the OPP
position of the exploiters The workers and peas
ants are by no means infected with the senti-
mental illusions held by the intellectual gentle
men concerning this new life and other such
slush with which they rail" against the capita
lists until they are hoarse. They shook their fists
at them, warned" them and then fell to weep
ing and acting like beaten puppy when it came
to Deeds to putting threats into action, to carry
ing out in practice the work of disodging the
capitalists.
The Common People Can Organize New World.
The tremendous change from working for others
to working for oneself, organized in planned
way on gigantic, government (and to some de-
gree, international, world scale, not only de-
mands that "war' measures be taken to suppress
the exploiters but that the proletariat and the
poorest peasants apply tremendous organiza-
tionaI energy to this work The organzational
task is inseparably interviewer with the task of
the pitiless armed suppression of yesterdays
slave-owners (the capitalists) and their pack of
lackeys-the bourgeois intellectuals. 1--WE have
always been organizers and leaders, we have
commanded" yesterdays slave-owners and their
servants, the intellectuals, think and say. We
wish to continue to do so. We will not obey the
common people" the workers and peasants.
We will not submit to them. We will transform
knowledge into weapons to defend the privileged
money bags and the rule of capital over the
people.
That Is how the bourgeoisie and the bourgeois
intellgentsia talk, think and act. From the
viewpoint Of saving their own skins, their con-
dot is natural: Observation-Disclosures parasites
and toadies, priests and scribers, officials, Gin
tellectuals" like Gogors characters who hated
Beinsky. also find 1t difficult to part with their
feudal rights. But the cause of the exploters and
their intellectual servants is hopeless one. The
workers and peasants are breaking down their
opposition not firmly or ruthless
ly enough, but they breaking 1t down.
Ito be continued In subsequent issue.l
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-10-31
R.Ah<,...4
Staggering the Poodles
By JORGE

One Of the rarest satres on capitalist cures"
for unemployment we have run across, is a little
booklet by Liam OFlaherty. the Irish author.
1t is solution that ought to gladden. the heart
of the Hoover Clifford Commission.
In brief it is the proposal OF man O'Flaherty
is supposed to have met in park a man who
hates dogs" and who, when drawn out, declares
he is not poet but an economist" and he
hates dogs because he has solved the unenlploy-
ment problem-or would solve it, we're it not for
the Society of Dog Lovers, Incorporated
His idea is that there are so many million
dogs IN this country Che refers to England but
there's no reason it shouldn't apply here, tool;
and heavy per cent of these dogs belong to
people who have good income. sst
My scheme is to substitute a human being
as pet, for every dog which is the property Of "a
person with an income of over 5000 year,
Get the idea? He means to "stagger" the
poodle dogs! He had the same idea as applied
to race horses, tool But he got enthusiastic when
telling of the advantage of fat matrons walking
down the avenue with unemployed men on the
end of dog chains: 4t
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-10-31
Mr.. Wells Troubled

H. G. Wells is now worried about what will
happen after the national fascist government
of Britain fails to restore prosperity. He fears
a turn to Communism"
Only the other day this literary socialist"
spoke in New York, at the Rand School as we
recall. Anyhow comrade brought us in a fancy
list of names of those attending, and he noted
on the first sheet the names of two well-known
members of the socialist" party, listed COM
fortably, side by side, with the Grand Duchess
Marie of Russia" and Princess Alexandra
Kropotkin"
If man is known by the company he keeps,
these socialists" certainly accumulate a fine
reputation.
One of Those Backward Nations: The Asso-
ciated Press of october q tells us that the u. S.
Commerce Department agent at Lima, Peru,
reports that government decree has been is
sued prohibiting all agricultural, industrial and
commercial enterprises from reducing wages or
discharging manual laborers." We don't expect
the capitalist demagogues who run Peru now to
enforce that, because we see that even this much
was forced on thenI by the Communist Party,
which poor barefooted Indian peasant for
president on a slogan for a Soviet Peru. But It's
a fighting point won which the masses will en-
force. Vote Communist; it gets results! @
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-10-31
BY LABOR RESEARCH ASSN.

RACK of the walkout Of nearly $4,000 workers
in Lawrence. the metropolis of the New Eng
land textile industry, which was precipitated by
the announcement of 10 per cent wage cut, lies
a story of accommodating grievances against short
time, speed-up, and cheating of the workers over
a period of years, says Scion de Leon, research
worker who has been conducting survey OF
conditions In Lawrence for the Labor Research
Association. similar study of working and liv-
ing conditions of silk workers in Paterson was
recently made by Ira, and other surveys are
being conducted in the coal and automobile in
dustries.
Until the rush Of orders that Immediately pre-
coded the present Lawrence strike, the Hoover
Green stagger plan had been in effect with hard
ly break for years Sometimes workers were
called on every other week; sometimes one group
of workers worked the first half of each week
and another group the second.
Many workers mentioned the fact that the
speed of operations had increased tremendously
In the last two years Sometimes the machine