davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-22

somewhat nebulous figures, according
to the periods at which they are struck.
The Federal strong box may be well
filled one month and comparatively de-
pleted the next, as exceptionally heavy
payments are required. But In general
a comparison with the condition a year
previous strikes a dependable balance.
On the 10th Of March, 1880, the Treas
ury had q surplus Of more than $22,-
100000. On that same date this year it
had deficit Of more than $637 ,000, 900.
In considerable measure this deficit was
due to the extraordinary demands for
cash made by the Veterans Bureau to
meet the drafts Of the holders of bonus-
loan certificates, which have been
coming in steadily ever since the pas
sage Of the bill over the Presidents
veto.
It is well assured that there viii be
no acute crisis Immediately at the
Treasury owing to these conditions.
The United States will not go into
bankruptcy If the revenues fall below the
expenditures and the books show a
deficit. But that condition cannot
continue long without producing a very
grave situation. The books may be so
kept as to maintain constant credit
for the meeting Of demands. Short
term bond issues may be hoated to tide
over interest periods. In the end the
national debt may be considerably in
creased. Pending the revision Of the
tax laws upward, to yield q larger
revenue, which can only be done by
congressional enactment, the Treasury
can manage to get along. But unless the
situation changes materially for the
better, unless later returns bring q
larger volume Of income taxes-which
is hardly likely In view Of the fact that
the first week after the dead line"
date for returns and flrst-quarter pay
mentS ordinarily completes the yield for
the quarter-it viii be necessary for
the Government to revise its tax scales
at the first opportunity. which will
probably be the next session Of Con-
gress. There Is very slight likelihood
of the situation becoming so grave as
to require the summoning of Congress
in extra session to enact emergency
measures.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-22
Tert:: "Let double portion of thy
,nirik he H1on 1yle."-H Kin0S, H.9.

Tert. "Let a double portion of thy
spirit be upon NEIL Kings, h.9.
There is little Of originality in the
world; we are very largely imitators,
We are governed by conventions, ira
ditions and laws we had no part in
making. Few Of us come by our politi-
cal faiths or our religious beliefs as
the result OF deliberate reflection and
study. Even those outstanding and
unique individuals to whom we assign
the gifts of genius are dependent, in
part at least, upon some one whom
they have chosen as the high exemplar
of the things they seek to attain. It
is literally true that the vast majority
of us have not the genius to originate
or create. Efflcient living in any sphere
is very largely determined by our ca
pacity to reproduce in our own way
the gifts and qualities of others. This
is only to affirm what another has
said: 81 am a part of all that I have
met" We may have our individual
homes and our so-called independent
ways of living, but strive as we may
it is difficult, if not impossible, to re-
sist the influences that play about US
We are not only affected by the men
d1lQ WOIIlCn Will WA1Ot1l VIC AAdbC 4CAAOW~
ship, but we are affected by the litera-
ture In which we indulge. No less q
one that Macaulay maintained thai
the reading of one book marked the
great transition in his intellectual life
The plastic mind of the child Is
nightly influenced by environing con-
ditions, as well as by the personalities
with whom it has to do. 1t lays q
heavy responsibility upon father when
he realizes that the lads of his home
look upon him as an example of whole
some living, worthy Of emulation.
When Elisha realized that his great
teacher, Elijah, was to be taken from
him, and when the latter asked what
gift he most desired, the young prophet
responded IT pray thee, let a double
portion of thy spirit be upon me.
Strong as his convictions were, devoted
as he was to his high office, he sought
to inherit from his leader those SUI
preme qualities that marked and dis.
tinguished his career. The selection
Of the model has determining ehect
upon the pupil. Let the wrong choice
be made and the results prove disas-
trous. Degeneration in any sphere o.
occupation in life is largely. If moi
directly, traceable TO the study anc
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-22

ARRANGEMENTS have been nearly COM
pleted for what will be the most pre-
tentious international radio hook-up in
the world. 1t Is the Pan-American net
work which, within . few weeks, wlll
teristic music Of IL South and Central
American republics in addition to the
United States.
BY arrangement first with the Federal
Radio Commission at washington and
secondarily with the principal broad
casting nations of Europe, two short
length wave bands have been set aside
for the regular use Of the American re-
publics. Inasmuch as there are only
some 20 such wave bands known al
present to radio transmission, this
American monopoly Of two is regarded
as a substantial diplomatic victory.
The Pan-American Union, which L
maintained at Washington jointly by
the Latin American republics and the
United States, was the moving spirit IN
negotiating these regular broadcasts. Al
various times In the past, special broad
casts have been arranged both from the
United States TO the Southern nations
and from South and Central America
here. These have marked special occa-
sions Of historic OF diplomatic tmpoT'
tAIlCCs 4 I1C 1lGW AkNaAAhCAACAAb 10 4&A
more pretenttous. Programs VIII %
broadcast by some Of these nations every
evening IS soon az equipment has beer
installed
Because Of such worldwide nook-up;
as the broadcast Of the Pope CT Rome
to every corner of the world, and the
epochal address from the throne of the
King Of England on the opening OF Par
lament, hroadcasting on such a COM
prehensive scale has not been attempted
as 3 regular thing, Also, it has beer
openneSS Of the ether channels TO takc
care Of future events Of similar ma.
ture. This being the case, it was neces.
sary to approach European nations Il
obtain a general agreement for exclu'
sive American use Of two wave bands
After diplomatic exchanges such AZ
agreement was reached and, so far al
the monopoly Is concerned, the schema
is ready to be put into operation.
To begin with, the setting aside q
the two bands exclusively by the Fed
eral Radio Commission required thu
express approval Of President Hoover
The Pan-American Union obtained this
Division OF the Time.
The time to be employed by the sew
eral American republics Is to be allo,
Commissions hands are now clear o
the matter. It has turned these band
over to the union on what might be de-
scribed IS . wholesale basis. Now tn
union Is at work on q qualification
among the Latins.
The general plan, as perfected 50 far
provides for an equitable division Of tn
time in rotation among the republics
The total time allowed Is from o'ciocI
until midnight every evening. Thi
makes total Of ~ hours q week. Al
there are 81 republics, each may be al
lowed two hours a week. Negotiation
are now being conducted to determine
the exact division. Some of the coun
tries, 1t Is understood, desire to have |
solid two hours. Others wish to U.s.
their time In two one-hour periods OF
different evenings Of the week.
However 1t finally Is arranged. ever!
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-22

charges against the mayor are proof
that they are not engaging In q cheap
political trick to embarrass the Governor
and the mayor. Rabbi Stephen S. Wise,
for example, is not man to lend him
self to a trick, nor is he blind enough
to be made the tool Of mere political
tricksters.
Conflicting reports come from New
York, some to the effect that Governor
Roosevelt has determined to dismiss the
charges and others that no such decision
has been reached by him. At the same
time the question arises whether the
appointment Of a legislative committee
at Albany to investigate the government
Of New York may not give the Governor
reason for leaving the charges against
the mayor in the air, without action.
The Republican leadership has been
seeking the appointment of such a
committee, and 1t has been resisted by
the Democrats In the Legislature, aided
so far by two Westminster Republican
State Senators. If a resolution provid-
ing for the appointment Of legislative
committee to investigate the govern
ment of New York City we're adopted
Immediately it might give the Governor
an "out," provided he were looking for
an escape from a decision in the
charges against the mayor. 1t looks,
however, as though the resolution would
not go through at this time.
Sooner or later the lid on the New
York situation will be lifted. It may
be with Governor Roosevelt's aid or 1t
may be without it. That is matter
which the Governor himself must de-
termine.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-22
VIII Spring Bring Rains /?

The "ofIiciap' arrival of Spring finds
the people In this part Of the country
hopeful for a betterment Of the cli-
matte conditions to q degree promising
relief from the drought that has af-
fIicted wide area Of the country for
many months. The Winter has been
exceptionally dry, with little rain and
exceptionally little snow. Locally the
deficit Of moisture is approximately fifty
per cent below last year, from January
! to date. Quite recently showers and
snowfalls have given the ground q
fairly good soaking, but there is still
a serious shortage Of water in wells
and cisterns and unless April brings
rains in its usual volume the season Of
planting and growing will arrive with
the soil in poor shape and with the
water supplies Of the farmers and the
jewellers in small communities danger
ously low. The bitter experiences Of
last Summer on this score are wildly
recalled now that the figures Of rain
fall in this immediate area show q
shortage. Steady, persistent rains for
fortnight or more, not Sluicing rains
that flow OF rapidly into cutters, sew
ers and drains and reach the rivers
quickly, but rains that chiefly soak into
the soil and md the underground
courses into springs and channels, are
needed urgently over wide territory
stretching from the northern boundary
Of Maryland to the southern boundary
Of Virginia and westward into the Ohio
and Mississippi River watershed.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-22
Efforts to Lessen Oil Production
Cause Trouble for the Government

properties and thus to restrict its I'M
ports of oil into the United States.
X X y X
The amount of restriction in pros
pect by all four companies operating
in Venezuela is, this writer Is informed
IN the neighborhood of IS per cent OF
the present imports. The Western critics
are wholly unsatisfied with rs per cent
They often talk with determination OF
100 per cent. They NIL the admtnistra-
ton with acute political dread.
This dread is not diminished by the
approaching descent upon Washington
Of formidable committee representing
the refiners and marketers of the oil In
dustry. The producers In that industry
have for months been in q condition
of angry revolt. Now the reflners and
marketers are also mad clear through
and enraged In rebellion.
*
Their grievance Is that the Federal
Trade Commission on July as, 1929,
approved 81 rules for the business be-
havior of marketers of petroleum and
that more than 10000 marketers signed
the rules and proceeded to behave ac-
cordingly, but that on February Of this
year the Federal Trade Commission
suddenly withdrew its approval Of 10
Of the 81 rules and rewrote two Of the
remaining three, leaving only one real
" intact. Through the American Pc
troleum Institute the maTketers have
thereupon appointed a committee head
ed by Roy B. Jones of Wichita
Falls. Tex, president Of the Panhandle
Refining Co, and including officers OF
the Pure Oil Co., the Standard Of In
diana, and the Standard Of New Jersey;
and this committee proposes on March
81 to tell the Federal Trade Commits
sion that the marketing end Of the oil
industry must get its rules back or 90
to chaos.
One Of the rules chiefly in dispute Is
the one that states that marketers shall
plainly and conspicuously post land
thus make wholly public the prices at
which they are selling and delivering.
Some observers say that the posting OF
prices tends to prevent discrimination
between customers and IS therefore
good. Others say that it tends to pro-
duce conspiracy between marketers and
is therefore bad. Again the problem Of
conspiracy and restraint CT trade arises
to yex and embarrass the administra-
ton.
Commissioner Humphrey of the Fed
eral Trade Commission wishes 1t to be
clearly understood that the action OF
the commission in withdrawing its APP
prevail of the petroleum selling rules was
not suggested by Attorney General
Mitchell or by President Hoover, but
was thought up solely by the commits
sion itself. Commissioner Humphrey
evidently feels that the President has
enough oil troubles already without be-
ing handed this one, too.N
1t can be said in sum that oil men,
like all business men, are prone to de-
clare that Government should simply
leave business alone, but that neverthe-
less the business representatives Of the
depressed and distressed oil industry
are keeping this Government awake
nights with their pains ard their cries
for relief.
(Copyright, 1eSi)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-22

When Einstein gets home, he viii
probably have things to ten which the
neighbors will not fully understand and
which perhaps they viii only partially
believe. A lecture on America by this
eminent savant, with a viewpoint so
lofty that it Is out even among the
stars, would be well worth while. Its
translation into English would be eagerly
sought by any enterprising American
publisher.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-22
SHOOTING STARS.
BY pH11ANDER JOHNSON.

Truth and Falsity.
We've differed now and then In thought
As honest friends may do,
When times with fierce dissensior
fraught
Brought words that were not few.
But when ill-fortune sends afaT
Its all-compelling call,
We find men rank, whoe'er they are,
AS brethren, after all.
Truth in kindly mission seeks
To aid and shun all strife.
l. is the angry word that speaks
The falsity Of life.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-22
The Balkan Powder Barrel.

According to report entitled Recent
Balkan Arguments" just published by
the Foreign Policy Association, there is
less explosive material in Europe's ira
ditionaI powder barrel than at any time
in recent history. There could be no
more reassuring piece of international
news. Two Balkan wars"-in 1912 and
in 19l3-were followed in 1914 by the
World War. for which Balkan tragedy,
the ASSASSINATION of Archduke Francis
Ferdinand by a Serb, was the curtain
raiser.
The Foreign Policy Association does
not suggest that all the gunpowder has
been extracted from the Balkans, but
it points to the circumstances which
have at least made the Balkan states
"a far less dangerous factor in the Eu-
ropean situation" This conclusion is
reached by assessing the effects Of the
prevailing world economic depression.
In the common boat Of financial, In
dustrial and agricultural slump, the
Balkan peoples have been driven by the
urge Of necessity to row in the direction
Of political and economic cooperation
throughout the peninsula. The result
is decidedly reduced likelihood Of an
outburst Of violence which might in
volve all Europe-and American an
other general war.
Summarizing the developments OF the
past few years, Elizabeth P. MacCallum,
author of the Foreign Policy Associa-
tons report. says:
The exchange Of population has been
practically completed; the single out
standing problem concerning use OF
seaports seems on the way toward regu-
lation; territorial disputes have been
settled in almost every case, and pro-
vision has been made for effective
treatment of frontier incidents. 1t Is
also apparent, however, that to establish
a normal degree of security in the
Balkan Peninsula there still remain q
number Of requirements. These are the
attainment Of satisfactory commercial
agreements between each pair Of states,
a general agreement for the promotion
Of common agricultural and CONNER
cial interests, the achievement Of Suf-
ficient unity TO Offset the influence Of
rival foreign states. the protection OF
minorities in practice as well as in
principle, and the settlement Of the
Macedonian question.
Macedonia is by far the most difacult
and perilous Of the problems outstand-
ing In the Balkans. The opposing de-
mands Of Bulgaria and Jugoslavia, with
respect to the status of Macedonians,
create delicate situation. It win have
to be faced by the Balkan conference
to be held at Istanbul next October and
is already engaging the earnest atten-
ton Of the committee in charge Of
preparations for parley from which
momentorls decisions may now.
Once upon q time Belgrade and Sonia
and Athens and ConstantinopIe and
Bucharest meant to Americans little
more than geographical terms with
more or less historical interest. Yet 1t
was only fourteen years ago that armed
forces Of the United States were making
ready to hurl themselves without
stint" into the war zones of Europe be-
cause fsnatical SIav killed an Austrian
crowned head in q village Of Bosnia
Herzegovina.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-22
American Construction
Materials in Demand
BY HARDEN coLFAx.

Calls from abroad for American con-
struction materials and equipment have
become one of the marked features of
the world trade and are playing a part
in business recovery.
During the first two months of this
year the heaviest demand has been
from Latin America, as 1t was through
out 1880. Despite political disturbances
in that part of the world, reports lndi-
cate that the good roads movement and
other construction activities Will be car
ried on as far as possible. Exports to
these countries of excavation, dredging
machinery and road graders from the
United States show increases.
American shipments of all sorts OF
industrial machinery TO Soviet Russia
for the past year have been particularly
heavy and, when the exact figures are
known, it is predicted that they viii be
impressive.
While it is impossible as yet to give
exact details as to the commodity par
ticipation" of American business in
building all over the world, figures col
lected by the Department of Commerce
show that construction materials are
going ABROAD in very substantial vol
ume. The newly established constitution
division Is endeavoring to trace Just
and general building material that goes
into this work abroad.
AS Spring approaches figures coming
in from all over the world indicate that
vast undertakings aggregating more
than $11 zoo, 10000 in cost are making
beginning. Much of this construction
work. which includes public buildings.
residences highways, bridges, railroads,
tunnels, sanitary and waterworks and
shipping. has been inaugurated to re-
lieve the present unemployment stu
alton by putting several millions of
workers into learning activity.
In this country Federal public works
normally account for only very small
fraction Of l per cent of the budget of
public works provided for by States and
municipalities. During the depression.
however, the Federal expenditure has
assumed larger proportiona. II Is conz
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-22

ing to be a policy that, when times
are good, Government building slows up
but when times are bad the Govern
ment builds. In certain Old World
countries it is the practice to employ as
many hands as possible, even in certain
cases avoiding the use Of modern ma
chinery, and to use local labor and To-
cal materials whenever practicable
There has. nevertheless, been large
increase in the use of American con-
struction machinery.
Figures as to unemployment projects
from all the world are now becoming
available, road-building being the most
prominent single item among them.
Such work can be started upon COM
paratively short notice and permits Of
the largest government participation. OF
the approximately $4,000, 100000 which
will be spent on roads throughout the
world during the present year some
two-thirdS are expected to be spent ii
the United States.
X X n X
While public building construction.
marking an effort on the part of the
Government to relieve the unemployment
situation, has increased remarkably
throughout the world, private building
construction has dropped. In normal
years Federal, state and municipal un-
dertakings in the United States take
up from 80 to S5 per cent In total con-
struction, with the rest in private en-
terprise. The same condition obtains
in Canada, but in Europe and Latin
America generally. the government par
ticipation in construction Is much
greater.
Special effort is being made by Amer
lean territorial governments, Porto Rico
and the Philippines in particular, to de-
velop extensive highway programs
which will help the situation among the
workers. In Alaska and Hawaii also
road building and general construction
work Is being developed.
fQopyriEl1t. 1aaIA ..A-L =
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-22

Killing on the vets is advocated with
rash cruelty by an eminent dry SYM
pathizer. Such an enterprise sounds
easy, but is, in fact, slow, difficult and
terrible. There was a time when 1t was
assumed that all the vets would be dead
an few years. owing to the prevalence
Of bad alcohol, both natural and off,
cially adulterated. The theory did not
work out. and it. is not surprising II
those in favor Of the death penalty
should begin to grow impatient.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-22

A man caught In sabotage activity,
as In the case Of the riveter on the
dirigible zRS-4, is fortunate in select
ing a time of peace in which to place
himself under suspicion. A time Of war
would be more swift and mercilesS in .
decision. !
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-22

As bus tranic increases the careful
motor driver becomes an increasingly
responsible element Of = complex civili-
zation. No mechanism can be 80 nearly
perfect as TO account for lack Of vigi-
lance on the part Of the man in charge
Of gears and brakes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-22

THAT speech you made was a classic, y
exclaimed the admiring acquaintance.
"You are kinder in your manner OF
expression" commented Senator Sorg-
hum. than another friend. He said
it was mostly old stun that everybody
had heard before"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-22

Parrots are recognized by science a
communicating mysterious ailments
Research may yet disclose special
kind Of parrot infection which causes
hitherto cool statesman suddenly to de-
veIop a high temperature and talk toe
much.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-22

References are made by few writers
to the Noble" prize instead. as has
been customary, to the Nobel" prize.
Association with genius often promotes
a tendency TO defy accepted rules. In
any event, the slight difference in spell
ing. probably the result Of accident,
may add new material to an argument
which the average citizen viii 60 on
regarding as nothing to worry about"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-22

Supplies sent TO suffering areas have
undoubtedly helped some. But their
work is not fully accomplished, and
there should be more where those came
from.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-22

The work Of the census taker has
been one Of proud satisfaction excepting
in instances that made it necessary to
compile figures relating to unemploy-
ment.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-22

So prolific q writer as Trotsky is never
caught unprepared in q literary way.
Some Of his manuscripts were burned,
but Sc was soon discovered that he had
plenty more.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-22

Grave intimations Of dirigible sabo-
tage suggest that private enterprise may
have grown impatient and decided to
start another war" on its own account.