The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1931-01-02

ITGQuGuL MANIFESTATIONS WAS Tie MAX.
ing OF salt contrary to the laws. The
All-India congress, consisting largely
of Gandhi's adherents, decided to boy
colt the formidable conference ar
ranged for late in the year, because
their demand was for the absolute in
dependence of India.
The roundtable conference opened In
London November IL with much pomp
and ceremony, the native princes, the
Hindus, the Moslems and even the
''untouchables" being represented by
their ablest men-and by two brilliant
women. The Indians made it clear
they would accept nothing less than
dominion status, and some of them
bitterly attacked the British methods
Of rule In India. The problem before
the conference and the government
was so complex that there was no
chance for its solution for many
months. One definite decision reached
was that Burma should be made a
separate dominion.
In the Canadian national election on
July % the Conservatives completely
upset the Liberal government headed
by Prime Minister w. L. Mackenzie
King and secured comfortable ma
jority In the dominion parliament, and
Richard B. Bennett, their leader, be-
came prime minister. The new govern
ment took steps at once to relieve the
unemployment situation and to help
the farmers, one being the almost COM
plete discOntinuance Of immigration
from Europe.
German Fascists Win.
AS in most other countries, political
events in Germany reflected the
prevailing discomfort Of the people.
and there it was aggravated by the
feeling that they were oppressed by
the reparations. Chancellor Mueller
and his cabinet resigned in March
because of dissatisfaction with the
ratification of the Young plan and
with the budget and financial reforms
proposed. DR.. Heinrich Bruening, Gen.
trist leader, became chancellor and
formed ministry of members of the
five middle parties. The National So
cialists and the Communists kept up
continual agitation and President Hin
denburg dissolved the reichstag on
July Is. In the elections which were
held September IA the National So
cialists, commonly called the Fascists,
won most surprising and tremendous
victory. They increased the number
of their seats in the reichstag from
II to 107, and their popular vote from
100000 to more than 100000. Their
titular leader is Adolf Hitler who, be-
ing an Austrian, could not be elected
to the reichstag.
France, Spain and Italy.
One small provision in the finance
bill brought vote of lack of
confidence in the French chamber of
deputies in February and the Tardieu
ministry was forced to resign. 1t was
succeeded by Radical-Socialist cab
met formed by Chautemps which was
defeated on it's first appearance. Tar
dieu then was recalled, and heidi on
through stormy summer and fall, but
early in December the senate forced him
and his cabinet to resign, and Theodore
Steeg undertook to form new min
istry. France maintained her position
as one of the most prosperous coun-
tries of Europe, and gathered an i'm
mense store of gold. She was largely
preoccupied with national defense and
went ahead with her plan for a pow
erful chain of Notifications on her
eastern frontier.
Gen. Primo de Rivera, who had been
dictator of Spain for more than six
years, resigned on January %, part
ly under compulsion, when faced with
the threat of military revolt. He
was succeeded by Gen. D'amaso Ber-
enguer. Throughout the year there
were repeated strikes, food riots and
violent demonstrations by students and
in the middle of December a serious
rebellion broke out in the northern
part Of the country.
Economy was the continual cry of
the Italian government, Premier Mus
solini being its spokesman, and his
measures toward that end were put
through with thoroughness and dis
patch. They extended to the reduc-
ton of salaries of all governmental
employees, who are remarkably num-
erous there, and all employers were
urged to follow suit. In compensation,
the cost of living was brought down
by the lowering of prices Of food and
other necessities. At the same time
the Duce continued his program of
extensive public works. like drainage
and restoration of waste lands, CIV
ing employment to many men.
Carol on Rumanian Throne.
Carol, former crown prince of Ru-
mania, with the aid of prominent Ru-
manians, executed a startling coup
d'etat in June. From his exile in
France he flew to his native coun-
try in an airplane and two days later
the parliament declared him king and
his little son, who had held the title,
heir to the throne. Carol soon began
planning for his coronation, but his