davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-07-23
AUTOS FOR SALE

1891 CHEVROLET coach driven
only $500 miles. s525.0O. Also
Majestic electric radio at a bar
gain. Leaving town Phone san
Benito sos. p. o. Box $50. OLA
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-07-23
NFW YnnK cnTrnN

NEW YORK. July "a. fAPl-Cotton
opened steady today. 4 70 ! points lower
owing 20 slightly easier liverpool cables
and an opening decline In the stock
market.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1931-07-23

FL Green Mist-A Life In Danger
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-07-30
Chlldren's Lives Mean Nothing to
to the Coal Companies

anyone else would give him the message and It
was not until after quitting time that he heard
that his son very i'll and had been bleeding
all day.
The motors were just coming out of the mine
and he asked the cut boss if he could ride the
motor out. He finally got permission from the
third boss he asked. It would have taken him
an hour to walk out. When he got to the hos
pital with his son the doctor told him that the
child would have been dead if he had waited
much longer.
Because he rode the motor out of the mine he
was laid off for is days. The cut boss who had
given him permission was also laid off for is
days Later the company reconsidered and let
the cut boss go back to work.
When the Is days we're up Duncan went back
to the same entry to work. At all the entries
the miner has to load two cars at time. The
first car is easily loaded, but to load the sec
ond he has to first throw the coal at least is
ieea % The bottom aaa then shoq4 tsa scaJ
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-07-30
PARTY LIFE
Conducted by the Org. Dept. Central Com
mittee, Communist Party, u. S. A.
The Unemployed Councils at
Work in South Carolina
BY CLARA HOLDEN.

THE Unemployed Councils are. of necessity or
CARNATIONS out in the open. They should be
loud-mouthed giants, making demands and
making themselves felt by many demonstrations,
hunger marches and open meetings When, be-
cause of police or K. K K. terror, the Unem-
ployed Council branches are forced to be partly
underground, it is a very unhealthy situation.
New strategies have to be worked out. IN
stead of open, publicly announced meetings
meetings have to be held on the quiet in diff
ferent workers homes Not having open, mass
activity there is danger that all real activity
will stop and that the Unemployed Councils will
be mostly matter OF speeches. The branches
become demoralized unless definite, concrete
jobs are undertaken. Here various activities
have developed. In one case, woman who
owed $40 on her rent was told by the landlord
that her 500 worth of furniture would be taken
in five days A group of neighbors, organized
by the Unemployed Council went to the land
lord and told him to leave her alone. No at
tempt was made to take the furniture; which
otherwise would undoubtedly have been seized
Another landlord came down so cents on rent
when Unemployed Council members in one
neghborhood refused to pay it. Groceries can
be brought down the same way. When certain
families are especially badly off, committees of
neighbors go with them to the Red Cross and
PnyllS WneaCley SeJtlemenC TO ask Tor rene1.
Groups go to stores and ask for food. None
of this activity, on the face of it. is done in the
name of the Unemployed Council to all outer
appearances, the committees are just interested
groups of neighbors. Their relation to the I'm
employed Council is like that of the mill COM
nittees to the National Textile Workers Union
The Unemployed Council branches here are
active in the Scottsboro case When one of the
Scottsboro boys mothers was in town for two
weeks different branches and members donated
food and money for her upkeep. Collection lists
and collection boxes are handled by the
branches and literature is sold, to raise money
Members of the Unemployed Council we're the
leaders in the Scottsboro Defense Committee
Thirteen churches and one association of teach
ers were visited, when Mrs. Montgomery was
here, and $47.23 collected.
The organizational machinery of the Unen1-
ployed Council has been worked out this way
Branches meet every week; at most every two
weeks Minutes of each meeting should be
taken. Each branch, as it is formed elects an
executive committee Of three--branch secretary
treasurer, literature agent and one delegate to
the Central Executive Committee The Branch
Executive Committee signs up new members, sells
literature and handles any situation that comes
up between meetings. For instance, I have Just
been told that pounding is going on in one
neighborhood-a house toulouse collection of
food--a cup of sugar here, cup OF flour there
for family in immediate need Of help The
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-07-30

into the car This means he has to handle the
coal twice and is only paid for working once If
there is any rock it has to be thrown about rs
feet to the other side Of the COAL then the rock
has to be loaded on to the car. On this partcu-
lar entry there was over foot of rock
The miner is not paid for working hard
throwing rock distance of rs feet but Duncan
thought he should at least be paid for loading
the rock into the cars When the boss came
along he asked him how much lie would be paid
per car for the rock The boss answered the
company did not pay by the car but estimated
the amount of rock When Duncan received his
statement he found the boss had estimated the
rock at nothing.
Such stories of forced labor for nothing are
told by almost every miner in the Kentucky
mountains. These conditions have led them to
militant struggle against some of the most
powerful coal interests mellon, Insu1D, to re-
fuse and denounce the UNIV. of A. sell out,
ere sNescoue, tho Aat5ars! AxnerR Union ~, q,
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-07-30
BY CAROLINE DREW.

EVER since John L. Lewis sold out the Ken
lucky miners for four hundred and sixty
thousand dollars in 1922, conditions in the camps
have been going from bad to worse, and have
become SO bad that starvation is evident every
where
Bill Duncan, who worked for the Kentucky
Utility Coal Corp at their Kentucky King
mine has the following to tell about the treat
ment he received from the company.
Three days after he took his 6-year-old son
home from the hospital where he had been OPP
Grated on for tonsils and adenoids, the child
developed nose bleed, which his father stopped
The next day Duncan went to the mine to work
as usual He was driving an entry.
About nine in the morning his sons nose be-
gan to bleed again His wife took the child to
the company doctor in the camp. They were not
living in the camp themselves. The doctor
could not stop the bleeding and phoned into the
mine Tor Duncan Neither the mine toremsn nx
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-07-30
Chile Sauce

Last week. the Republic with certain mod
ificatons) of Chile, had a president Even on
Sunday the N. Y Times (Ju1y 2e) informed us
sufficient to keep the situation under eonroI
appears to indicate that the opposition is not
finding the strength it probably expected"
Alas for capitalist papers reputation the next
day the Times had to run a headline Revolt
Wins in Chile as President Flees!" We must
again remind you that when the capitalist papers
tell how their big shots are enthusiastically
supported" or deeply reverenced" by the pop
ulance, that SO per cent of it is pure hokun,.
In the case of Chile, the effort to keep up APP
pearances Of voluntary action, gave us soma
choice laughs when we read the papers OF
July 81. The fascist dictator, General Ibanez.
issued statement, said the N. Y. Times, out
of consideration for the dear public, no doubt:
"Grave reasons forbid to continue exer-
cising the duties of President. and Pedro
Opazo, President of the Senate, will succeed
me with the title of Vice President, in ac-
cordance with Artile 66 of the Constitution OF
the Republic"
Just keep your eye on those grave reasons"
and read further along something else by the
commanding general of the Chilean army:
Ills Excellency the President, in demon
strating love of his country and expressing
desire to see peace and a cordial under
standing come once more to the citizens, has
decided to abandon the Presidency"
Such fine old gentleman this Ibanez! CAS-
Curtius of Germany said of old skinflint Mel
Ion before the moratorium bubble busted) The
President of Chile quits the job for grave rea-
sons" and a general tells us it is because he
'loved his country" But over on the inside
pages we read:
"The remuneration of power by President
Ibanez sent the capital into celebration
which quickly changed to a popular demand
for the death of the President. There was
constant parading shooting of guns into the
air and organized cheering, with shouts of
kill Ibanez!'"
Each one OF those guns and shouts was one
Of those grave reasons mentioned by the guy
who SO loved his country" that he got out OF
it between two days and in hurry to escape
being made into nlinceraeat by his "adn1iring"
fellow citizens.
We note that Wall Street is sorta worried
about the S7oo,ooo0oo 1t invested in Chile and
in keeping Ibanez in pork chops. We won't lose
any sleep over that, but what troubles us is
the weakness of the Communist Party in Chile,
bled white by fascist terror, although sure to
grow stronger with the mass upheave
From up here it looks like Great Britain is
getting even in Chile for Americas upsetting
OF its friend, Irigoyen, in Argentina year ago.
The two big imperialisms have long finger in
every Latin American pie.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-07-30

literature agent is in charge OF the Southern
Worker, Labor Unity, pamphlets and also any
leaflets that are to be distributed Each branch
gets 10 papers to sell between meetings. The
literature agent is also responsible for Workers
Correspondence. The secretary treasurer is the
leader" of the branch and is in charge of the
treasury. After the necessary amount is de-
Quoted to pay for the literature sold, the rest
vote how to spend itc-send it to the Scottsboro
defense or anything they want. Ice cream is
sometimes sold at the meetings to increase the
treasury. The delegate to the Central Execu-
tive Committee reports at the meetings on the
activities in her branch, takes up all problems
with the other members and reports back to
her branch.
The Central Executive Committee meets once
week. There is permanent recording Sec
rotary, also treasurer. different chairman
Is elected at each meeting. Each member of the
Central Executive Committee is assigned to, and
is responsible, for branch. This is especially
good where new branches are formed and the
Branch Executive Committee is not yet used
to the work. Where possible, one worker should
have general direction of the work; he should
have paid job if possible, SO he can give his
full time, as Unemployed Council organizer To
get to new territory, and to keep track of the
work, If done right, takes all the time there is
While working underground, even though get
ting some results, the Unemployed Council must
work to come out in the open as soon as pos
sible The Unemployed Council must work to
come out In the open as soon as possible. The
Unemployed Council, Of necessity. must beam
opens n2oSns rszauisst1a A., aafss sfss<A
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-07-30
Z z4;.
Another
Triumph
Socialist

BY JORGE

The Milwaukee Leader Is Socialist panes
In case you don't know about it, and in bold facs
type In box on the middle of the front page Il,
US eoltlon OF July 3d. it boasts of victory for
the socialist" party, even if it has to 20 Ia
London to get it.
What Is this victory this great attaintnent9
you VIII be asking Did the Socialists" of Eng
land stop wage cut for the Yorkshire wooden
WofKersP Not at all! Let us spring the head
me on you first, and go on easy lest your heart
can stand 1t. Here's the headline:
SOCIALIST is WALES DANCE M
sTRUCToR.s
Then the first paragraph:
London.-The Prince of Wales dancing
teacher was q Socialist candidate fer parIia
nent in 1929, 1t was disclosed in a court case
yesterday"
SO! There you have 1t! Something for Amer
lean socialists" to feel all pulled I'D about isn't
1t! But what was Henry Cooper, the Socialist.
hero OF this case, in court about? Defending
the downtrodden British workers? Not OF, your
life!
He is suing a certain Miss Audrey Hodsen
claiming that he hired her to work for him two
years ago, but that when he went on vacation
owing to domestic troubles" (Which also sounds
interetting) this mere hireling "elbowed him out
of his business" and now contends that Cooper
ceased being the proprietor when he quit paving
the rent.
In some angles, this case seems to parallel
that of Morris Hillquit, demanding that the Rus
sian workers give back to Russian capitalists
the oil wells nationalzed by the Revolution
On the other hand, the cases are different:
Cooper taught the Prince of Wales to dance,
but the Russian capitalists taught Hillquit to
jump through hoop, stand up and bark and
play possurn, besides nstructing him to dance
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-07-30
A Large Section of Detroit Work
ingclass Faces Starvation!
BY JOHN sCHHIEs

BY JOHN sCHMIEs
THE following notice was sent to all vel
fare families:
NOTICE TO ALL WELFARE, FAMILIES
"City of Detroit,
Dept. of Public Welfare July 9. 1884
THE City OF Detroit must reduce the money
spent on unemployed families because of lack
of funds.
After August 1, 1881, many of the families
now receiving help will be dropped from our
list This will first affect the families with no
small children. The larger families will be
asked to eat at the public dining rooms. We
cannot promise clothing, rent, coal, gas or
light.
THE Welfare Department deeply regrets
this necessity and offers its services in helping
the unemployed families carry out their plans.
THE PUBLIC WELFARE COMMISSION"
The above notice was only sent to families.
The single workers, both male and female have
been dropped and wiped off the list completely
three weeks ago. According to Mayor Murphys
Welfare Commission, total of 10000 families
have been dropped in the past three weeks.
The program of the City Council and endorsed
by Mayor Frank Murphy calls for the eimina-
ton of $4,000 families by the end of August,
1881.
This starvation program OF the city govern
ment will actually mean that large numbers of
working class families will starve from hunger.
Here We want to cite two examples quoted in
an editorial of the Detroit Times (July 10,
1880, paper which endorses the starvation pro-
gram:
"a mother of four children died of starvation
in the Receiving Hospital Wednesday after
sleeping in car for week"
MO, r1aI o,,+ Sc 49,
Lodge on Councilman George Walters motion
made in behalf of the flophouse ring was
picked up unconscious in the street and taken
to the Receiving Hospital. He was near death
as result of eating from garbage cans"
The present conditions in Detroit have de-
veloped to such an extent that hundreds OF
similar cases the two mentioned above are
reported daily Increased numbers of men,
women and children are applying for relief, but
all OF them are ruthlessly turned down.
In addition to all this, workers are being
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-07-30
District. Section and Unit
Literature Agents
Do you have your supply of
AUGUST FIRST PAMPHLETS

See that you are supplied with the following
pamphlets at your August First Demonstrations
Anti Soviet Lies and the Five-Year Plan 1oc
BY Max Bedacht
Soviet Dumping Fable. by M Litvinov &c
Revolutionary Struggle Against War VS..
Pacifs. by Alex Bittleman SC
Life in the u 5. Army, by Walter Trumbull 10c
Socialism and War, by zinoviev and Lenin 15c
The War and the End Int, by Lenin zoe
Chemical Warfare by Donald Cameron 1oc
War In the Far East by Henry Hall 1oc
Don't fail to act at once to get your literature!:
CENTRAL AGITPRoP DEPT i
Evening star., 1931-06-26
Japan Follows u. S.
On Arms Publicity

From the Kalamazoo Gazette.
Japan is quick to follow the example
Of the United States in giving fun pub
licity to its armaments. Although the
Japanese statement Is yet to be sub
mitted to the League Of Nations Secre-
tariat, the foreign office at Toxic has
not waited for this formality, but has
published its figures for the world TO see.
Surely the other powers cannot refuse
to Join In the move started by our Gov
ernment and now seconded by Japan.
There may be . vast difference between
armament publication and armament
reduction, but the former Is promising
step toward the latter. World public
opinion Is q force to be reckoned with
even in the inner councils Of q disarma-
ment parley. with all the leading ma
tions laying their cards on the table,
public opinion win have a good chance
to crystallize between now and the gen.
eral arms conference to be held next
February.
Not the least encouraging thing about
this publicity Of armed strength Is the
fact that the United States originated it.
Many Americans must be gratifled by
this sign that their Government Is in
the mood TO lend the arms limitation
movement degree Of bold leadership
commensurate with its prestige and po-
sition in the world.
Evening star., 1931-06-26
The American Fasces.

Anybody with taste for the classics
will be interested in the complaint
which has been made recently to the
Director of the Mint against the design
on the silver dime of the present
American coinage. Numerous letters
have been reaching this officer of the
Government, evidently emanating from
q single source of suspicion, protesting
against the use, on the diverse, of the
head Of Mercury. the Roman god Of
commerce, and of the fasces, or symbol
Of Roman power, on the reverse, on the
ground that this Is q token Of the
spread of fascism in the United States.
It is explained by the Treasury Depart
ment in reply to these letters that the
design Of the dime was adopted fifteen
years ago, before fascism developed in
italy.
As matter of fact, all who have at
tended the sessions of the House of
Representatives, If obseryant, viii have
noted the sign of "fascism" Immediately
at the right Of the Speaker Of the
House whenever that body is in session.
This Is the mace, the official token Of
the authority Of, this assemblage Of
the American people. The mace itself
Evening star., 1931-06-26
A Bogus Twenty.

Evidently the showers Of the queer
have no particular fear about detection
in the city where the real money Is
made, for they are at work, it would
seem from reports, actively and success
fully In Washington at this time, with
a bogus twenty-dollar bill. There is at
least one man operating here. An ex-
cellent description has been obtained Of
him and he is likely to be trapped if
he persists in pushing this line Of goods
much longer. He is said to be about
five feet six inches tall, weighs approx
mately 16O pounds, and has a rudy
complexion. His costume on the occa-
sion Of his tricking of the manager Of q
candy shop consisted Of q light shirt,
dark tie, brown flannel coat and striped
flannel trousers. Perhaps he has a
sufficiently extensive wardrobe to con-
fuse the trail, but If he Is wise he will
leave town at once, for persistent op-
Grafton is almost certain to lead to
capture.
Counterfeit Showers" usually operate
through the medium OF small purchases.
They buy an article or package and
tender Q fairly large bill in payment
The other day one of these operators,
perhaps the same one, tried to pass o
bogus twenty in . drug store on the
basis Of the purchase Of tooth paste
costing twenty-five cents. The at
tendant suspected the bill, however, and
the man grabbed it from his hand and
ran from the store.
1t will be well for q time for every
body to be suspicious of twenty-dollar
bills. There is no mistaking the genuine
and with very rare exceptions the
counterfeitS are fairly easy to detect
The counterfeit that is now being passed
here is said to be of comparatively
poor quality. 1t Is better to miss sale
now and then than to lose twenty dol
lars. The "taker" Of q bogus bill has
no redress,
Evening star., 1931-06-26

differs slightly from the old Roman
symbol in that the bundle Of rods
bound together by . golden strap Il
surmounted by ball on which stands
an eagle with outspread wings. whereas
the fasces consists of q bundle from
which protrudes on the side the blade
Of an axe inclosed within the rods.
But q representation of the Roman
fasces appears in high relief in q wall
panel Immediately alongside Of the
mace. These two tokens Of unity and
power in union have thus been features
of the popular branch Of the Ameri-
can Congress for nearly three-quarters
of a century, and the mace itself has
been token from practically the begin
ming Of the Government.
The Roman fasces were bundles Of
elm or birch rods from which the head
of an axe projected, fastened together
by red strap, They were emblems Of
ofncial authority and carried by the
lictors, attending upon the magistrates.
Originally they represented the power
over life and limb possessed by the
kings. Eventually they came to repre-
sent the principle that the power was
in the people.
On rare occasions In the House of
Representatives the mace, or American
fasces. is brought forth In token Of the
power resting in the body representa-
tive Of the people. If member is un-
ruly and defles the authority Of the
House the mace Is presented" 10 him.
The sergeant-at-arms takes it from its
Standard alongside of the Speakers
desk and carries 1t down and holds it
before the recalcitrant member. who
must thereupon yield or be subject to
arrest. 1t is the last warning given.
Those who are concerned about the
design of the dime may rest easy. If
that which they fear now as Q sign Of
.fascism is significant at all. it is of the
principle upon which the American re-
public was founded, and on which 1t
exists today.
Evening star., 1931-06-26

Cures other than q rate increase are
suggested. The Baltimore Sun feels that
the present condition of the roads is due
to wastes In a competitive system"
and suggests that "the alternative is the
pooling of the railroad resources of the
country to eliminate the duplication Of
service that attends q competitive sys-
tenn" The Newark Evening News
charges: while we are talking about
five-year plans and 20-ysar plans and
the necessity Of leadership, govern
mental or otherwise, to get us out of the
slump, how about the railroads, which
plead for a Is per cent freight rate in
crease as a necessity? We have had A.
years Of railroad regulation. The pres
ent plight of the roads brings it all un-
der challenge. Even the Interstate Com
merce Commission itself has suggested
repeal Of that feature of the 1920 trans
portation act which requires recapture
OF all earnings over per cent from the
strong roads to hold up the weak roads
In the same district. This law has never
been enforced, due to litigation which
has not yet decided its legality. But it
has been constant threat, and it Is not
the only limitation upon railroad enter
prise resulting from regulation"
Voic1ng the common belief that some
increases will be allowed" the Oakland
4I4Dune gives aLLSnIlOn TO the SLOW
movement Of rail consolidation and to
the fact that there is said to be a
wasteful multiplication of passenger
service between certain centers." The
Omaha World-Herald asks, Aren't the
railroad executives a bit foolish to be
asking the people for relief from unre-
Stricted competition and at the same
time demanding q Is per cent increase
in freight rateS?" That paper speaks
for more tonnage at present rates, not
less tonnage at rate Is per cent
higher" The Sioux Falls Argus Leader
sees increased burden for the farmers.
and favors some other solution than
higher rates. The Kansas City Times
concludes: Considering the committed
attitude of the Interstate Commerce
Commission on grain rates and its pre-
vlous sympathy with farm conditions, It
would seem unlikely that any uncondi-
ional fiat increase will be allowed Such
an advance should not be granted. 1t
would involve burdens on much of the
trafnc that the trafic cannot bear, for
1t already Is overburdened."