davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Nogales international., 1931-07-08

let it down again.
The kid looked at her with that
curious, steady stare of his yellow
right eye, and his face had the express
sionless look of trained gambler.
Cold and hostile and ready for war
he looked, but he didn't feel that way.
Hot crimples went chasing up his
spine, and the back of his neck had
queer tightened feeling, as he stared
at her.
"Welll I've found one of you, any
wayw she exclaimed, in tone that
was worse than another cut of the
quirt. "Where are the cattle?"
what cattle?"
"Our cattle that you Poole men
stole out of our pasture last night.
Every hoof we ownl Tn going to
get them back, if have to fight every
Texas killer in the country"
I'm a Texas man, all right, but
I'm no killah. Told yo'all that befo'."
"Well, that remains to be seen.
You're a Poole man, anyway. You
must know where our cattle are"
"Shoah wish I did. The Poole's
fighting nestahs, I know that. But
they don't steal cattle, Miss Murray"
ooh, don't they? Walter Bell ought
to raise your wages for saying that !"
"He KANT. I'm not working for
the Poole"
"No? How long since?"
"Since that night we got Babe outa
Cold Spring cabin"
"I suppose the Poole fired you for
poor shooting! !"
Her short scornful laugh turned the
kids ears red as if she had slapped
them, bat he made no answer to the
taunt. What was the use?
He wrapped the bride reins
around the saddle horn and began to
roll a cigarette, taking plenty Of time.
A man could do a heap of thinking
over a cigarette without giving HIM
self away.
"You must know the Poole ran off
with our cattle!"
"No, KANT say I do"
"Well, they did"
"You'all right shoah it was the
Poole?"
"I wouldn't say it if l wasn't sure.
she retorted sharply. "None of our
neighbors would do it, and besides, |
i trailed them up on the Bench and
over this way. The Poole wants to
run us out of the country. You know
why, don't you?"
KANT say do, lessen it's because
yoah nestah."
ooh, of course all the nesters are
being made the goats for Walter Bell
He's got to lay the blame somewhere
| for his stealings. But he's scared to
death of us Murrays and he means
to drive us out. He's got Ed and
father out of the way, but he's afraid
of Mother and me too. You know
why, don't you?"
| KANT blame EN- for that" he said
drily.'
Nellie flushed and looked down at
the rife sagging in her grasp.
"It's because old Walt Bell is afraid
Mother and | know what Ed found
out about The Poole Ed caught the
Poole cowboys stealing Poole cattle,
that's why! Some of tllem-that stand
in close with Walter Bell. Joe Hale
for one, and Jess Markell for another
He. caught them running a wildcat
brand on Poole calves, over this way
somewhere. He found out lot, and
then he wrote back to the head moguls
in New York and told them what was
going on" She bit her lip. THAT
was away last March, and they haven
done a thing about it, though Mother
says Ed sent enough proof to put the
whole outfit in the pen"
"Shoah had nerve, that boy" The
cigarette WAS 1irhted but the kid for
Nogales international., 1931-07-08

FOR RENT = Newly furnished
apartment. $50 per month. Phone
5o4J5.
dst Pub. Gid
Nogales international., 1931-07-08

CHILDREN hate to take medicine
as rule. but every child loves the
taste of Castoria. This pure vegetable
preparation is just as good as it tastes;
just as bland and just as harmless as the
recipe reads.
When Baby's cry warns of collie, a
few drops of Castoria have him soothed,
asleep again in a jiffy. Nothing is more
valuable in diarrhea When coated
tongue or bad breath tell of constipation,
invoke its. gentle aid to cleanse and
regulate a child's bowels. In colds or
childrcn's diseases. you should use it
to keep the system from clogging.
Castoria is sold in every drug store;
the genuine always bears Chas. H.
Fletchcr's signature. $50.
The daily worker., 1931-11-28
eyev the General Line and Activities the Party Unemployment Work

THE Central Committee declares that, in spite
y Of certain success in consolidating its influ-
ence among the unemployed. the Party has so
far Jagged dangerously behind in the task of
organizing a widespread movement Of the I'M
employed The fact that during more than two
Years of mass unemployment the Party has not
Organized more than 10000 unemployed workers,
Is the most outstanding Illustration Of this fact
If we do not exert all our forces to overcome
this dangerous weakness in our work, the Com
nunist Party of the United States Of America
In the third winter of the crisis, with more than
100000 fully unemployed. will not be in a posi-
ton to carry out its revolutionary task of or
ganizing millions OF unemployed into mighty
militant movement.
At time when the faith of millions of Ameri-
can workers in the capitalist system has had
mighty blow and is steadily on the wane and
when the miitancy of the masses is increasing
rapidly this task can be carried out if We con-
centrate all our efforts on it. No phase of the
workers struggle against wage-cuts, against
lynchings, against deportations, etc. can be sue
Cessfully waged unless the Party is able to rally
the. MILLIONS OF unemployed under its leader
ship in the struggle for unemployment inSur-
anee and for Immediate relief and bring about
q. COMMON FIGHTING FRONT of all workers,
employed and unemployed, Negro and foreign
women yOuLIl5 lOI Jll6 OIOdueSI OTSdll-
lied mass struggle, drawing the unemployed into
support of strike Struggles the employed into
demonstrations for insurance, etc.
The Party must Immediately make a careful
study Of the resolution of the PRAGUE CON
FERENCE Inprecorr Nos. 40 and 50), on the
unemployment question, and the tasks set forth
in this resolution must be carried out in ac-
cordance with American conditions. The Cen
tral Committee points out the chief weaknesses
unemployed at the present time:
1. The present practice of carelessly and con-
tinuously reformuatng slogans without any
political need or Justification should be dScon-
tinued for such accumulation can only confuse
the workers The following main slogans are
adopted as the basis for a concentrated and in
tensified National campaign in which these slo-
gans are to be kept continuously before the
workers:
Immediate unemployment insurance at Full
Wages, to be paid by the employers and the gov
eminent to all workers; this insurance to be ad-
ministered through organs elected by the work
ers themselves
(b) The Main National Slogans to be used
as a group, and with the unemployment insur-
ance slogan should be:
l. Instead of Hooyers charity proposals i'm
mediate federal and state emergency aT,propria-
tions to rovide adequate relief to every unem-
ployed worker and his family.
2. Immediate undertaking of extensive public
works particularly new houses, schools hospi
The daily worker., 1931-11-28
May a Negro Laugh

From comrade of New York we get the fol-
lowing enlightening account OF how capitalist
authorities try to discriminate against Negroes
even in the most simple rights He says in part:
I ask YOU may Negro laugh? ?
AS you know, the revolutionary upsllrge is
expressing itself daily in the form Of spontaneous
street gatherings of groups of workers who talk
over their conditions. And have noticed strike
sentiment growing in the underwear manufac-
turing district of New York east OF Fifth Avenue
from Madison Square up to about 32nd Street.
Walking along this section, 1 noticed dick
harassing a group of workers. Move on! Keep
moving" When the workers merely moved along
lelsurely, he got red in the face and started
threatening them.
The cop locked so silly that the workers + ~
to giggle IS soon as he started away Iat mt,
he turned around and a2psoachiag a f.eg-o
woIke- in the grouo he grabbed him aid dema;l-
ded: What are you laughing az
For hlcnqent the fTegro l2oHed scared Eut
septing tbs solidarity OF the ether WORKERS. he
militantly fired back: whats the matte. can't
1 laugh? The others arc laughing Why can't
T.?
The cop saw that tie crowd was gestiar the
bas5 Of it. Here was no chance 70 pull in
Voc. so he hsft it, tie WORKERS bav,ng real
good laugh this -tno"
We only Tisil TO comment on this. that tie
otesr .wcrlzsas should haTe had something to
say at this outrageous attack or the right Of
their Fegro felcw wo-,-a- The dsfer-e of the
Negro should fOT b lsft to the Negro alone.
White WORKERS should take the Initiative
The daily worker., 1931-11-28
BY A. REVNER.

IN number OF countries the workers have sue
4 oeeded through their organized strength to
wrest from their masters a measure of protec-
ton against unemployment This protection as
inadequate as it mostly is is far superior to any
thing the unemployed could expect to get from
charity,
Compulsory Unemployment Insurance is at
present in existence in the following countries
and embraces the following number OF workers.
Germany, 182o00O0 workers; England, 1909
coo; Italy 100000; Austria 100000: Poland
1,o23OOO; Bulgaria. 29o 0Q9; Ireland z80,G00
In the course Of the last ten years Che un-
employment insurance fund in England paid out
s2,31lo0oO0O as benefits and expenses.
In Germany there was paid out in uuen-
ploynlent Insurance the Of almost $780, co.,,
900 in 1927-31 period
The mot generous and most successful charity
drivers could never provide these vast sums,
which in themselves are still insufficient to COM
pIstely secure the workers against want. How
ever, the situation would have been thousand
times worse without the existence OF these funds.
In addition to these forms of compulsory in
surance there are the voluntary schemes OF un-
employment insurance maintained in the follow
ing countries: France, Belgium, Czechosloyakia,
Holland, Denmark Finland and Norway
Where compulsory Insurance is in existence
by employed, employee and the state Where
the voluntary system is In force larger burden
is put on the shoulders OF the worker, the
ployer makes no contribution and the state con-
tributes small measure to this fund.
The average benefit paid to an unemployed
worker in Germany is about s14 month In
England it is according to the new reduced rate
as follows:
For men between the ages of 81 and 65 $3 a
week; for women of the same age So A3; for boys
from 10 to a. s312; for girls from 1s to 81 s2ee,
For an adult dependent an additional So a week
is paid, and for child Soc For workers fam
lily of four the average payment would be 81 a
week. 1t is very small sum, but compared with
the paltry sums paid by charity in the United
States it is indeed a considerable amount At
this rate the vast army Of unemployed in Amer
lea should be getting something like s35ooooo0o
month in Unemployment relief, Under present
conditions that much in an entire year
The State Of New York has appropriated 500
100000 for unemployment relief The City of
New York S15,000oo0. The charity drives may
bring an additional Sf500000o Even that total
anlount should be doubled The fund of $780,
100000 thus created would not provide for the
100000 families In New York state effected by
Unemployment even quarter of what an equiv
slent number Of unemployed is receiving in
England
However, one is to bear III mind that workers
Under the existing conditions of radical corrup-
ton and machine rule it is one thing to vote
funds for relief and it is altogether a different
story as to who will get the benefits of these
funds
The recent revelations OF the seabury investi-
CATION as to disposal Of the funds in the City
n Ney York where families with weel.y in
The daily worker., 1931-11-28

lists and the systematic exposure Of their pro-
posals has been one of the weakest phases Of
the unemployed work All tendencies to under
estimate the demoralzing influence OF their con-
tinuous propaganda among the unemployed must
be decisiVely combatted. There must be the
closest following of the bourgeoisie and reform
ist press and all the speeches. statement and
proposals of the leading bourgeois, A. F. of L.
and socialist spokesmen must be clearly and con-
vincngly expose6-not merely denounced. The
objective must be, using our partial demands as
the basis to expose capitalism as such, and to
win the workers for the revolutionary struggle
against the capitalist system Polemical articles
leaflets and pamphlets must be the chief method
in conducting this fight. Leading spokesmen of
the bourgeois and reformist parties (La Toilette
Thomas, Music, Green, etc. must be challenged
to defend their proposals before great mass
meets of workers. At all meetings organized
by the reformists, leaflets should be distributed
exposing their position and Party comrades
should endeavor to get the floor to put forward
our demands.
2. The Party, notwithstanding the directive
given by the E. c. G. l.. has given entirely in
sufficient attention to the development of ef-
fective methods of struggle against Hoover's
charity relief system which is the chief botir-
geois instrument for demoralizing the workers
IOr QdlnpSnlIlg Unelr nlHGancy ana fOr defedtlng
the struggle for unemployment insurance The
Party should not create the impression that it
calls upon the distressed workers to refuse bene-
fits even of entirely inadequate charity relief,
but as against this starvation it is necessary to
energetically put forward the demand for unem-
ployment insurance. To make this counterpos-
ing Of insurance to charity clear to the workers,
the Party must, by means of concrete facts ac-
tually expose the complete insufficency OF char
ity (using the numerous recent statements of
the charity organzations), the rotten food and
the methods of raising funds (threat of dis
charge if the workers refuse to give) Unem-
ployed committees and councils must fight for
control over the income and expenditure OF the
charity organizations and for control in the
preparation and distribution of food, clothing
soup etc, by representatives of the unemployed.
During drives for charity funds the Unenl-
ployed Councils should call upon the workers
to contribute what they are able to give to the
Unemployed Councils which should set up fund
fighting for Unemployment Insurance and for
the other demands of the Unemployed Council
3. Forms of struggle should be devised which
have the possibility of involving the millions of
unemployed workers in common and sustained
struggle with the employed workers for their
joint demands (refusal of employed workers to
leave the factories at time of mass disnissals
The daily worker., 1931-11-28

tails, ETC.. in the working-cla neighborhoods;
such work to be paid for at trade union wages.
g. No evictions of the unemployed; free rent,
gas light, water, etc, to all unemployed workers
reduced rates and rents for part-tirne workers.
a. Transform the huge wheat and cotton
stocks held by the Farm Board into bread and
clothing for immediate free distribution among
the unemployed
5. The seven-hour day. without wage reduc-
tions, and six hours for minors and young work
ers.
g. Payment of Full Wages to all part time
and "stagger plan" workers by the employers
7. Prohibition of all forced labor or coercion
of any kind in connection with insurance or re-
lief for the unemployed.
(c) In connection with these slogans and
as a means of developing the struggle for Ne
gro rights and against the persecution of the
foreign born the following slogan should be
used
No discrimination against Negro or foreign
born workers in the payment of relief or insur-
ance, or in giving out jobs: no victimization OF
workers participating in the unemployed strug
glesl
Those slogans should be continuously popu-
larized in the Party and trade union press, in
millions of leaflets in pamphlets resolutions and
petitions, at mass meetings, ETC., in an effort to
reach the millions of unemployed workers, con-
vincngly winning them for these demands. By
constantly contrasting these slogans with the
proposals Of the bourgeoisie and reformists they
can become most powerful instrument both for
exposing bourgeois and reformist demagogy and
for drawing, the broad masses of unemployed
workers into organized mass struggle under rev.
olutionary leadership.
The Party must necessarily compare the
wealth of the rich with the poverty of the I'M
employed: I'm THE RICHEST LAND ON
EARTH THERE is THE GREATEST Pow
ERTY AMONG THE UNEMPLOYED" We
must denounce the policy OF the American gov
ernment and the American capitalists by point
ing to the EXAMPLE OF THE SOVIET UNION
We must carry on widespread CAMPAIGN
- AGAINST THE DISMISSAL OF WORKERS and
we must overcome the conception of dismissals
and unemployment as something to be accepted
as 'law of nature"
The demand for unemployment insurance must
be put forward not merely as propaganda slo-
gan, as has been the case until now, especially
in the Fight Against Hun7ger" program DAILY
Worker 29-8-3D but as one of the Central Slo-
gans Of Action. The struggle for social insur-
ance, and especially unemployment insurance at
the present time has the greatest revolutionary
significance and all tendencies to push it into
the background should be decisively combatted
The daily worker., 1931-11-28

In the marches and demonstrations to take place
on the opening of Congress, Dec. Z, this demand
for unemployment insurance at Full Wages at
the expense of the employers and the govern
nent and to be administered by the workers
should receive the chief emphasis as the most
effective instrument for exposing the charity
proposals of the bourgeoisie and the fake insIir-
ance proposals Of the reformsts and progress
sives"
In addition to the main slogans enumerated
above, 1T is necessary to raise local demands in
the various localities, before state legislatures,
etc. These local demands should be carefully
worked out to conform to the needs of the un-
employed workers in the given locality and
should be capable of rallying the masses for
struggle They should be for specific public
works in the workers neighborhoods for def
mite appropriations for local relief for more
adequate housing. food ETC.. for the unem-
ployed, against cutting off the workers from the
local welfare budget Oetroit), against the wide
spread graft In the administration of relief
pittsburgh, Phiadelphia), etc Such local de-
mands, however should in no case be used as a
substitute for the main demands enumerated
above; on the contrary, through sustained
struggle for these local demands, widely popu-
larizing every victory gained no matter how
small, the workers must be made to see the posi-
bility Of winning the broader national demands,
especially insurance by continued mass struggle
The unmasking of the bourgeoisie and reform
The daily worker., 1931-11-28
UNEMPLOYMENT INSUR-
ANCE IN OPERATION

comes of 500 and more were the recipients of
relief" where the unemployed drove up in
costly automobiles to receive their dole, is story
worth knowing.
1t is therefore imperative that .sthe workers
should fight for immediate, adequate relief for
the unemployed and for a system Of unemploy-
ment insurance at the expense of the state and
industries with the provision that this insurance
be paid for the entire period of unemployment,
that it b. equal to the regular earning of the
workers and it be administered by committees of
unemployed and employed workers
There arises in the mind Of some workers the
doubt as to the feasibility of such a plan on
the one hand and as to the advsability of fight
ing for such demands on the othcr hand.
As to the first doubt which ceuters around
the question of the impossibty of raising the
enormous funds that such insurance plan would
require it is sufficient to point to the fact that
billions are being spent for purposes of we' that
large fortunes are very slightly taxsd that large
incomes should pay Gharply graduated ta--.
AS to the second doubt which ccncerrs itself
with the question whether a sufficient fund of
unemployment irs'7rcrce would net tend to weak
en- ths class consciousness of the worker. It rnsv
be raplisd thea IN the same line Of reasoning 1t
should be feared chat the struggle of the workers
for higher pay and against wage cuts would tend
to weaken the militant spirit of the workers. To
the contrary, whereas the docity and degreda
ton reduce the workers to the position Of an
obedient slave. it is in the struggle for the i'm
provenent of his conditions that he gains Wgor
and determination to fight for his complete
emancipation.
Where tie worker is granted reforms" by the
grace of the e;,poiter where he is the beneficiary
Of all those schemes of social patronage he is
weakened, demorslzed and poisoned by tilrGe
benefits. However, where he wrests from the
masters his Improvements of his condition by
fighting for his demands he is hardened with
the struggle and is becoming sll the more de-
termined to fight against the whole system Of
exploitation.
This probably explains why the union bureau
cracy of the American Federation of Labor is
so strenuously exposing the introduction of un-
employment insurance To those social fascists
it is more advantageous to deal with worker
much less selfreliant, much less militant, much
less secure much less certain of his rights and
privileges
For the safety of the depenents of the work
er, for the security of the worker himself for
the sake Of the army of unemployed that are
doomed to permanent idleness for no fault of
their own there must be inaugurated system
of unemployment insurance as it was done in
many capitalist countries only more adequate
ard differently administered one.
The fight for unemployment insurance is to
becore Of first importance for every workers
organization and for every individual worker.