The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-10-16

future what already in the past, thus pro-
foundry affected the writing of all future history
and gave to Americans, to the rest of the
world, the date of 1892 to remember instead Of
some previous date.
AS for the reasons which led Navarrete to
make the grammatical alteration Professor Ulloa
says: The old Spanish chrOniclers especially
the official writer's in the pay of the kings did
not try to write the real history of the discov-
cry but rather the apologize of the mOnarchs
Ferdinand and Isabella in the enterprise The
Inqusition contributed in great part to this
warding off of criticism. AS the InquisitiOn
had been established by these rulers some years
before 1892, its analysts and apologists have
maintained that the discovery of America was
only the recompense given by God to Ferdinand
and Isabella for the foundation of this famous
tribunal.
consequently, the chroniclers and inquisitors
have presumed in general to take merit from
Columbus and to add it to the Catholic mon
archs, particularly Isabella. In this way it came
about that she was made the real inspirer Of
the discovery and Columbus the instrument
which she employed.
Account must also be taken of the fact that
in Spain, down to the Eighteenth century,
neither historians any else could pub
lish a book without its passing the censorship
not only of the supreme council of the InQusition
but also of the council of state or other councils
of the king.
'The real history, as 1 have already shown
by documents in my books is contrary to this
exaggerated apologize of the Catholic mOnarchs,
and especially of Isabella whom the inqusitors
and modern admirers have regarded a saint
and the grand protectress of Columbus. Far
from that Isabella opposed even more than her
husband the proposals and demands OF Column
bus, bending herself rather to win from him the
secret he concealed. She did not consent to
deal with Columbus until he about to de-
part to seek the protection of foreign king;
she made up her mind when, through the in
PREVENTION of her former confessOr, Father Juan
Perez tit was he who drew up the convention),
she became convinced that the affair absO-
lutely certain, since the discovery had already
been made The Inquisition and the historians
who served it could not make public the truth,
which would so far reduce the credit of Isa-
BELLA" II"
AS for his evidence that Columbus discovered
America before 1892 Professor Ulloa goes about
it in this way:
After Queen Isabella died high tribunal
established to adjust the wrongs which had been
done to various persons through the failure of
the queen to carry out promises she had made
to them. Among them was Columbus and he
presented a memorial to the tribunal in which
he complained that neither Ferdinand nor Isa-
bella had carried out the provisions of his now
famous .capitulations." In his memorial ap-
pears tulS SlSuluCdul paragraph. <Ahu SiuCe
from the age of twenty-eight years he (Colum-
bus) had served in the enterprise and the
quest of the said Indies, doing for their High
nesses a so great and notable service without
expense TO the royal treasury and without dan
ger to their subjects and with so much of profit
and usefulness for these Kingdoms, as is well
known in all the world, and it was in his power
to render this service to any other Christian
king without burden to his conscience, and they
have not carried out with him the said capitu-
lations and they have not kept nor executed the
said privileges, graces and combinations as
they had promised at the time of according them
to him."
"Thus," says Professor Ulloa, columbus had
begun ~ discover and even to conquer the In
dies-that is, our presentday America-when
he not more than twenty-eight years old.
Furthermore, for this enterprise he had no sup
port from the Spanish monarchs, either in money
men. 1t is evident that these circumstances
cannot be related to the expedition Of 1892, be-
cause it is well known that at this later date