davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Coolidge examiner., 1931-03-27
Large Number of Lambs
Marketed Never Docked

A considerable number of the
lambs produced in Iowa and the
surrounding states are grown and
marketed without having their
tails docked. According to counts
made at some of the Midwest live
stock markets, as high as 20 per
cent of the native lambs sold dur
ing the summer and fall months
have full length tails.
Failure to dock is a source of
loss in two ways. The long tails
covered with wool collect dirt and
filth and invite flies of various
types to lay their eggs here. AS
result, maggots hatch and cause
unthriftiness and sickness and
even death. The second source of
loss is lower selling price received.
This lower price is partly due to
less desirable appearance, and
partly due to lack of uniformity
in size and condition, due to handi-
caps coming from failure to dock.
The Coolidge examiner., 1931-03-27
Feed Baby Chicks Soon
After Thew Are Hatched

Experiments at Purdue univer-
sity the past year indicated that
baby chicks may be fed early
after they come from the incuba-
tor, even Immediately after removal
without i'll effects, according to
Roy e. Roberts. in charge of the
test.
The growth of the chicks which
were fed early was similar to that
of chicks fed at the regular 48 to
72-hour age. The mortality was
no greater in the early fed chicks.
Nothing was gained in feeding
the chicks before they were 48
hours old, Professor Roberts states,
which enables the owner to hold
them in the incubator two days and
cuts the brooding period that much.
Although strong chicks live long
periods without feed it is wise to
feed at least by the 4S-hour rule.
The Coolidge examiner., 1931-03-27
Turning Hatching Eggs
Made Quite Easy Task

Many poultry raisers who have
only small focks need to save eggs
for several days to get enough to
set. AS they must be turned every
day before they are put in the ma
chine, it becomes quite a task. l
have simplitied this by packing the
eggs in the egg cases when they
are gathered, says a writer in an
exchange Then the lid is put on
and the crate is turned, thus saw
ing the work of handling each egg
separately. Even though there are
not enough eggs to fill the crate,
the filters may be put in and the
crate turned just the same.
Another advantage in this way
of caring for eggs is that it less
ems the chance of the eggs being
broken, especially if there are chill
dren about.
The Coolidge examiner., 1931-03-27

there is manufactured in the bark
of certain spicies to the cinchona
tree a substance-quinine-that is
sure death to the tiny microscopic
parasites, that, living in the blood,
cause malaria. The drug also has
a preventive effect, so that it is
indispensable to both sufferers
from malaria and those who will
be exposed to the disease. The
Indian government finds quinine
so important that 1t maintains ex-
tensive groves of cinchona, fosters
its growth by private horticultur-
lists, and operates factories in
which quinine is extracted from
the bark. Finally the government
uses its postal machinery to help
distribute the medicine so that one
may purchase it as easily as he
can buy a stamp"
The Coolidge examiner., 1931-03-27
Hl.IDE
STOCK8
THREE HELPS TO
CHEAP HOG GAINS
Cleanliness, Well Mixed Ra-
tions and Shelter Needed.

Cleanliness, we'll mixed rations
and proper shelter are three aides
upon which a farmer may rely in
making economical gains with his
pigs, according to ]. S. Coffey, pro-
feSsor of animal husbandry for the
Ohio State university.
For profitable pork production 1t
is essential to keep the hog shelter
and feed lot free of worms, he
says. A comfortable, dry shelter,
large enough to prevent piling. is
also an important help in turning
pigs into market hogs.
Because the winter ration is like
ly TO be short in minerals a feed
snould be used which contains a
mineral mixture, such as 40 per
cent finely ground limestone, 40
per cent bone meal, and 20 per
cent common salt. The ration
should contain about l per cent of
this mixture, in COffey's opinion.
His other recommendation is to al
low the hogs free access to the
mineral mixture at all times.
A good, standard ration for hogs
in Ohio is made of corn and a sup
plement consisting of so per cent
tankage, or fish meal, % per cent
alfalfa meal, and % per cent lin
seed oil meal. If good third cut
ting alfalfa hay is available, the
alfalfa meal may be left out of the
ration and coarse hay substituted.
Hogs are in danger of suffering
from anemia in the winter and
therefore should be brought in d.
rect contact with sunshine as often
as possible. Coffey declares.
The Coolidge examiner., 1931-03-27
Preventing Bloat

Many farmers maintain that
bloat may be prevented by not
turning cattle on the sweet clover
pasture unless the animals have
first been fed. This is believed to
prevent "gorging" of the green
clover. Other farmers place con-
fidence in keeping salt before the
animals at all times. Still others
keep live stock out of the sweet
clover field in the afternoons, be-
cause they have observed that ami
mails seem to bloat more readily
on the sun-heated dry tops of the
plants.
The Coolidge examiner., 1931-03-27
Optical Coincidence Guaqe OF High
Accuracy Perfected by Gov
ernment Expert.

Washington.-A new instrument
which makes measurements so ac-
curately that it is apt to be out
not more than four hundred-thou-
sandths (00004) of an inch one
way or the other and does it with
out touching the parts being
guaged, has been developed by DR..
l. c. Gardner of the United States
bureau of standards here.
1t is called an optical coinci-
dence guage. One eyepiece which
will magnify IS diameters, prisms
to change the direction of sight
and adjusting lens make up this
novel instrument.
The operator looks into the eye
piece, focuses it, by careful ad-
justment makes two points, the
distance between which is being
measured, appear to be in almost
the same spot.
He then reads on scale the dis
The Coolidge examiner., 1931-03-27
Hogs Relish Rape

Neither soy beans nor rutabagas
are likely to do much in corn.
About the best green feed is dwarf
essex rape. This belongs to the
turnip family but it grows leaves
instead of roots. Hogs are fond
of it and seem to do we'll on it. 1t
will grow and make feed in about
six weeks If moisture conditions
are favorable. 1t would be just as
we'll to SOW the seed just before
the first cultivation, early in the
season, working it in the land with
the cultivator.
The Coolidge examiner., 1931-03-27
Consumer of Lamb Not
Interested in Weight

The consumer of lamb is not in
terested in whether a lamb can be
made to weigh 100 pounds in 100
days or if it weighs so pounds. He
is, however, concerned about the
size of the various cuts. The dual.
ity, flavor and appearance of the
meat are matters which do concern
him very much. The economy of
the feed yard only affects him as
it is passed on in the price he must
pay for his chops or leg of lamb.
The same parallel might be drawn
for wool. The consumer knows and
cares little about the breed, but he
knows what he wants in wearing
apparel and pays accordingly
The Coolidge examiner., 1931-03-27
TREE THAT HAS ALTERED MAPS

"The powdered bark was soon
afterward introduced into Spain
and other parts of Europe where
it was known as Countess powder
and 'Jesuits' powder The latter
name was attached to 1t because
much of Ii was taken to the Old
World, distributed by members of
the religious order returning from
America In England it was ad-
vertised as 'Feaver Bark A
marked demand developed and
within century or so the ship
ment of the bark from northwest
ern South America became an i'm
portant industry. The demand for
more and more bark resulted In
the destruction of all cinchona
trees in reasonable reach of civil
lied centers, and there seemed
danger that the trees might be ex-
terminated.
Java Now Center for Cinchona.
But the world had become so
dependent on the bitter drug from
cinchona that botanists and mer-
chants and statesmen combined to
save the industry by transplanting
it. Plants and seeds were col
lected about the middle of the
Nineteenth century Tin many cases
secretly and transported to India.
Ceylon and Java. The industry
failed in Ceylon, but Java is now
the worlds chief producer of cin-
chona with India second In impor-
tance. Relatively small quantities
of the bark are now exported from
South America.
'By natures strange chemistry
The Coolidge examiner., 1931-03-27
DR. w. B. CALDwELL'S
SYRUP PEPSIN
AD0cr0rS Family LaxatiDe
That's All

That's All
"My father belongs to the coun-
try club. Does yours?"
"No."
''He plays golf, doesn't he?"
mo"
"Well, he goes to see all the polo
games, doesn't he?"
"No."
"Well, anyway, he belongs to some
kind of club, doesn't he?"
mo"
Doesn't he do anything at all?"
mo, he JUS works."
The Coolidge examiner., 1931-03-27
Hay for Horses

An allowance of about one and
a half pounds of hay for each 100
pounds of live weight is the usual
recommendation for idle horses.
Many farmers increase this allow
ance to two pounds per 100 pounds
live weight. This quantity should
be divided into two or three parts
and fed morning and night with
noon feed if needed. Some horses
will eat much more hay than this
even when idle, but the tendency
is to develop what is often called
"hay belly"
The Coolidge examiner., 1931-03-27

Iue Union IA
cifc sput t er
and chug into
the shops for
r e p a irs a n d
Overhauling. He
chatted w | t h
[ h e mechanics,
sometimes b e.
ing gruffly or
dered to get out
of the way, ran
n d S for
them when they
were good ma
t u r e d, a n d
learned, as he
watched. [ h a [
The Coolidge examiner., 1931-03-27
Woman Practices
Dentistry at 81

Pomeroy, Ohlo.-Dr. Amy
L. Whaley, believed to be the
Oldest practicing woman dent
list In America, recently cele-
brated her ninety-second
birthday.
She passed the state dental
examination in 1857, and
when her husband died In
1913 she took charge of his
business.
Doctor Whaley employs a
registered dentist, a labora-
tory expert and an office as
sistant, but she personally
supervises all work.
The Coolidge examiner., 1931-03-27
Pitch of Special Effect

A solo pitch is a special pitch
adopted by a solo player, as on a
violin. for special effects
The Coolidge examiner., 1931-03-27
The Boyhood
OF FAMOUS BY
Americans fity:sr.ls fiy;
Walter Chrysler

The boy spent his time watching
the old woOd-burning engines of
The Coolidge examiner., 1931-03-27
Observation-Disclosures
Aches and Pains

DRAW them out with counter.
- irritG1t." Distressing muscular
lumbago, soreness and stifness-gener-
ally respond pleasantly to good old Mus
terole. Doctors call it "counter-irri-
tant," because it gets action and is not
just salve. Musterole helps bring sore
ness and pain to the surface, and thus
gives natural relief. You can feel how it's
warming action penetrates and stimu-
lates blood circulation. But do not stop
with one application. Apply this sooth-
ing, cooling, healing ointment generously
to the affected area once every hour
for five hours. Used by millions for
over 20 years. Recommended by many
doctors and nurses.
Keep Musterole handy; jars and tubes.
To MOfherS-MuSterOIe is also
made in rlilder form for babies
and small children. Ask for Chill
dren'S MuSferOLe.
The Coolidge examiner., 1931-03-27

Many of the nations stupidity gov
erned don't realize it.
The Coolidge examiner., 1931-03-27

A patrol wagon brings some inc
briates to a full stop.
The Coolidge examiner., 1931-03-27
|l|!Elz;il11 ! 1!
- sseN = .osIAso 49,
{ettIN as . .A' o.; o;;--.AsrFR1
Cheap transportation

The cost of a trip from Alexan-
lria, Va, to Washington by boat.
seven miles, in 1914 was 1919 cents.
according to a letter written by
James Jackson, student in the
theological seminary in Fairfax
county, to Edmund T. Slater at
Andover, Mass. he letter is now in
the library of William and Mary COL
lege, the gift of Charles FL. Taylor
of the Boston Globe.
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1931-04-23
OVERPRODUCTION MINOR
FACTOR AT PRESENT

Lack Of demand, due largely to
the failure of foreign countries to
bid for our exportable surplus
coupled with our domestic umem-
ployment in the working classes,
constitute the underlying causes
for the present low price level Of
farm products and numerous raw
materials, according to r. M. Tur-
ner, extension economist, Washing
ton State College. Overproducticn,
with the possible exception of
wheat and cotton, plays minor
role in the present situation.
Crop production, which includes
hay, grains, cotton, tobacco, seed
crops and potatoes, revealed q drop
Of five percent in the United
States last year. Yet, on December
1, 1880, this smaller crop was val
Jed about 2S percent below the
larger crop of 1929. Livestock
showed similar behavior when
four percent less meat was market
ed during the first 10 months of
1880. However, contrary to custom,
it brought a return of eight per-
cent less than the meat marketed
over the same period of 1929.
These reductions cannot be al.
tribUted to the effect of wheat and
cotton on the general average.
practically all crops are selling or
have sold at greatly reduced price
levels, despite smaller crops. The
corn crop in 1880 was the smallest
in 20 years, or 81 percent less
than that Of 1929. Yet, corn prices
last February averaged only $50
per bushel compared to TIA in
February 1880. This drop of 1873
cents was registered regardless of
the unusually small crop.
Declining commodity price levels
similar to those following the Civil
war, interruption of world trade
by low silver values, unequal dis
tribution of gold reserves, tariff
barriers imposed by certain i'm
porting countries, and lowered
purchasing power on the part of
American users are cited as some
of the factors which entered into
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1931-04-23
Strawberry Root Weevel

The strawberry root weevel is
still present in a number of the
patches in this district. Special at
tention should be given this pest
with the intention of exterminat-
ing it.
Manager H. w. Desgranges of
the Big "Y" is in receipt of let
ter from a Hood River grower who
gives the following timely advise:
"In line with your weevil control
problem would suggest that you
impress on each of your growers
the necessity for them to watch in
dividual patches and not wait for
some inspectors to tell when to ap
ply the bait. Last year the weevil
was out and travelling two weeks
before the station gave out the
word to apply the bate. 1t has
been found here that weevil will
be fully matured in one patch while
still in the grub stage in another"
Every grower should examine his
patch closely and if weevil are
present be prepared to apply the
bait when the first weevil appears.
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1931-04-23

cannery crops and berries in west
ern Washington. In order to be
profitable, farms must produce a
large amount of the roughages
used Or they must have a better
than the average market for their
milk.
Apple orchards of the Wenat-
chez district and Yakima valley
having from Is to 80 acres Of bear
ing trees are more profitable than
those with less bearing acres of
fruit, according to Neil w. John
son, in Bulletin No. 239. 1t is pos
sible to find happy medium as far
as numbers of varieties are con-
cerned. The apparent swing to too
few varietaies Nigh be as disad-
vantageous as the older system Of
having too many.
Some very successful set-ups of
the various farming types are to
be found in every locality. Such
farms have stability and their
managers are usually following a
definite well-thought-out plan bas-
ed on farm records.
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1931-04-23
the present farm and business de-

the present farm and business de-
preston.
The farm depression is likely to
continue until there has been q
further drop in the cost Of living
or until the price level of farm
products advances. Commodities
purchased by the farmer for use on
his farm or by his family had low
cred only nine percent last Sep
TENDER as compared with the pre-
vious year, while the index for
farm products dropped 80 percent
during the same period.
Farmers are making a tremen-
dous effort to meet this disparity
by cutting their costs to the bone.
eliminating low producing animals
from their herds and flocks, and
using their low producing acres
for pasture. Most observers be-
'lieve that improvement will be un-
der way by the latter part of this
year or early in 1892. -s
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1931-04-23
POISON TO BE USED
IN CUTWORM BAIT

The following is copy of let
ter received from DR.. Webster in
reply to our inquiry as to the use
of arsenate of lead in the cut worm
bait, since many had raised this
question to us.
"This letter has reference to
yours of April IL regarding the
use of lead arsenate in preparing
a poison bait of this kind. The rea-
son for this is the comparatively
slow action of lead arsenate. Both
Paris green and white arsenic act
more quickly, and, in consequence,
the result show up sooner. One
can, of course, use lead arsenate if
he wants to do so, but the results
senate. In other words, / would use
more lead arsenate if the poison
is bran made up with this mater
ial. White arsenic would contain 80
percent or better of arsenic, Paris
green about 55 percent, and lead
arsenate about 80 percent. Prob
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1931-04-23
ECONOMIST GIVES
FARM TYPE FACTS
Types of Successful Farming Sys-
TENS Exist for Every Section
of State

"There is a type of successful
farmink system adapted to every
agricultural section of the state"
says r. M. Turner, extension eco
nomist, Washington State College.
"In some districts farmers have
been striving for years to find the
nearest ideal set-up for their own
local conditions. Many of them
have found that system, or one
very near to it, while others are
shifting in and out of various
commodities in hopes of striking a
more profitable alignment. No
system is likely to be successful
every year because farmers can
not control the elements. A high
percentage of all business fail even
through more of the factors in
volved are under control. There are
several common farm set-ups
which as a rule have proven quite
successful"
Poultry and berries are a favor
ed combination in western Wash
ington as pointed out by the Wash
ington experiment station in 1928
"a. Confirmation of the desirable
ity of this type of farm has been
borne out by a f0ur-year study of
farm records in Whatcom county,
according to Mr.. Turner. A group
of these farms growing berries and
cannery crops, practically without
COWS and hens, experienced a heavy
loss in 1927. Each year since they
have increased their poultry enter
prise until in 1880 there was an
average of 552 hens per farm in
addition to increased berry and
truck sales. This adjustment i'm
proved and steadied the farm in
come, provided for organic fertil-
izers, and gave steady employ
ment.
The size of wheat farms has
steadily increased. In Adams coun-
ty farms averaged 865 acres in
1920 and by 1880 they had in
creased to 1850 acres. During this
ten year period the number of
farms in the county decreased 266
and the total production increased
very little. In order to provide the
necessary volume of business and
to use improved machinery more
effectively, this larger type of
wheat farm is necessary. In sec
tions of the Palouse country where
peas were figured at 2 cents per
pound, combination of peas and
winter wheat returned the best
income at the different price levels
for wheat. Other good set-ups in
clude sweet clover, plowed under,
peas and winter wheat in the rota-
ton, on both 600 acre tractor
farmed places and 300 acre horse
ranches according to Bulletin No.
244 by Severance, Hunter and Exc.
On many farms a desirable COM
bination of cattle, hogs or sheep
has been established and some few
livestock men are marketing nearly
all of their crops through their
livestock.
Many dairy farms in western
Washington, in irrigated valleys,
and other dairy sections of eastern
Washington, are built with herds
of 18 or more cows, on abuodant
supplies of roughages and good
pasture. Many of these farms have
sidelines of cash crops such as cab
bage Or potatoes in Spokane coun-
ty; hay, potatoes, tree fruits, as
paragus and other truck crops in
the Yakima valley; or seed grains,
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1931-04-23

ably it would be well to double the
amount used in the case of lead ar
senate. MI other words, I would use
two pounds Of lead arsenate in the
place of of one pound of Paris
green or white arsenic. think this
amount would be sufficient"
Think the letter is self-explan-
atory and will answer many of the
questions having been asked of us.
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1931-04-23
FACTS FOR FARMERS

Under this heading will be printed week week, articles
Of timely the farmers this community selected
E. Durdle extension agent for Benton
County cooperating with the u Dept of Agriculture and
the Washington State College
The Daily Alaska empire., 1931-06-06
INTERCONTINENTAL HIGHWAY.

Mexico a few days ago celebrated the last blast of dynamite in the construction of a Mexican link of the proposed monumental Pan-American highway connecting the three Americas Completion of this great motor road, years hence will mark the begin ming of new era for Central and South America and in international affairs in the Western Hemis- phere
 Just as transcontinental highways have opened the United States to millions of Americans who last. the Pan-American highway will bring the peoples of three continents within easy access of each other. American eagerly await ing the time when they motor through Mexico and down into the isthmus and South America.
 Central America has an economic and social in- terest in the highway, as well the desire to open its scenery to the world. The constant flow of traffic from foreign countries will do than anything else to abolish banditry in the mountain and little settled regions, will bring busi- ness and will have immediate effect upon the customs and habits of the natives Highways in all times have been the greatest cvilizing factors.
 By the token the United States and Can ada can expect more business from Latin America as a result of this interconnection by automobile road
 Such are the benefits of free intercourse of na- tions that the completion of the Pan-Amercan high way will be the greatest step forward in Pan American affairs since the Monroe Doctrine
 Mile for mile of equal or greater importance with the Pan-Amercan highway is the proposed ex- tension of the highway system of the Western world through British Columbia, Yukon Territory and Alaska Summertime is the period for motor travel and summer spent the roads in this section of the world would surpass for pleasure and recreation anything have in the Western Hemisphere and the industrial and trade expansion that it would promise would equal, at least, the potentiaes of road of like distance anywhere in the world.