The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-01-12
Dean Cross Files Final Report Of
 Yale Activities
Claims Remarkable intellectual Activity Past Ten Years Praises Associates Who Co-operated in Work Lists Minds Who Have Figured in Educational Growth

Cross as dean of the Yale graduate school was made public today by Yale university.
 The history and development of the graduate school, and the growth of graduate studies at Yaie since 1732, when they were estab- lished, are outlined in the report. The assertion that many recipients Of the Ph. D. degree become la- structors without preparation for teaching Dr Cross answers by point ing out that of the eighty-nin recip icnts of et,is degree at Yale in 1923, all but one had had some expeci- ence in teaching, and had had on- portunities of observing the methods of older men. He also points out that candidates for the higher de- grees at Yale may elect courses in the department of education in ed ucational psychology, in the history or the philosophy of the principles of education, and in the organization and function of the American col lege. Dr Cross states that no one should indulge in the illusion that graduate school can ever assure the colleges that 2 person will make good teacher, flor into good teaching enter qualities of tempera- ment and character above and be- yond Knowledge for training in technique"
 with this report [ return to the president and fellows the office with fourteen years" he says. Since 1920 it has been a period of re- narkable intellectual activity throughout the university when circumstances have conspired to- wards the upbuilding of the grad uate school I have had the advice of a faculty devoted to learning and thot nf president and fellows which cannot be distinguished from friendship. The administration of the graduate school now passes to Dean Furniss. who as associate dean this last year has displayed rare ability in dealing with the multifarious problems of higher education" The report, in part. follows:
 As now lay aside the office to which I was appointed in 1916, it seems a fitting. occasion for g. brief survey of the affairs of the graduate school in the light of historical perspective.
 Two years hence will mark the two hundredth anniversary of the beginning of graduate studies at Yale. The incentive came from Dean George Berke- Icy, the philosopher and divine. who in 1732 sold his farm near Newport, Rhode Island, to the trustees of Yale college for the F., nominal sum of five shillings. with the stipulation that the rents of the property should forever be applied to the main- tenance of three resident stu dents during the periodsof study between their first. ana their second degree, which was then the degree of master of arts. Berkeley's aim was the promo tion of scholarship in the Amer ican colonies through competent teaching in the colleges. Success was immediate. The philosopher was still living when the first of his scholars became the first president of Dartmouth college and another became president of the College of New Jersey. afterwards renamed Princeton. Within a century as. many as eleven Berkeley scholars were elected to college presidencies, '' of whom two were President Daggett and President Dwight of Yale. No count has ever been made of the long line of college tutors and professors at Yale and elsewhere who began as Berkeley scholars.
 Other gifts or bequests similar to Berkeley's were made in the late eighteenth and the early nineteenth century, with the re- suit that by 1880 there were usually enrolled at Yale ten or twelve resident students as candidates for the masters de-, gree in Latin and Greek and apparently in the natural sciences also. At that time. when the number of graduate students was increasing, Benja- min Silliman suggested that they should be provided with a building of their own. If this distinguished man of science had in mind a graduate college comparable to the Schools of Law, Divinity, and Medicine. the universitys resources were then quite inadequate for this far-sighted design. The organi- zation eventually adopted in 1846 on the advent of President Woolsey was called the depart ment of philosophy and the arts, for which was set up program of studies in philo- sophy, language and literature. history. and the social and natural sciences of non- professional character, leading to the degree of doctor of philosophy rather than to the degree of master of arts, which had fallen into considerable dsrepute as indicative of real scholastic attainments, since it might be obtained by graduates of Yale college of three years standing on the payment of a fee. In 1861 Yale took the lead among American universities in conferring the Ph. D. degree. There were three candidates in that year who had completed programs of study covering two years of residence under the personal direction of members of the faculty.
 Thus began auspiciously notable era in Yale scholarship. One has only to name three outstanding men of the period: James Dwight Dana, William Dwight Whitney, and Josiah Willard Gibbs. They and a score of others, however, con- e ducted their graduate work under difficulties. They were all attached to one of the under graduate schools of the univer- sity, where they were under obligation to give the usual amount of instruction for the salaries they received Such time and energy as were left over they were free to devote to "courses of graduate instruc- tion." It was during this period that Daniel Coit Gilman and William Rainey Harper with drew to become the first presi- dents of universities where they could put graduate instruction