davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-07-13

says" Finally it was settled. With Bills and the
famiy's help Mike composed letter to the Daily
Worker. He showed me copy of the original,
and this is we'll as I can remember it:
Dear Comrades,
Il am a miners boy and there is strike here
Because things are very bad. My Pa amt had
much work all winter Nobody has the right
clothes or much to eat for long time
II heard the Daily Worker is in trouble so I
want to help. If you will send me ten copies I
will try and sell them. And send you the money,
quick as I get it.
Hoping to hear from you soon
Mike -"
So every week day Mike and his younger
brother Joe go up and down the rows of miners
shacks selling the Daily Now they have regular
customers. The company's thugs and yellow
dogs have chased and threatened the boys for
distributing the paper. They would like to throw
the family out of the mining town, but since
Mixes family happens to live off the patch, so
far they are safe. However, Joy Edwardes, the
superintendent, has told them that the company
will keep the family from drawing water at the
company pump if the boys don't stop trouble
making" For the miners wait eagerly for the
paper. And its regular distribution at this Vesta
mine has helped greatly in getting the other men
out
Mike and joey keep right on. Every Saturday
they send the Daily so cents to pay for the
weeks bundle. They showed me the receipts.
II wrote that want twenty papers day now
Mike says proudly. With the first pennies that
he made this way he bought his Dad surprise
much needed pair of socks. Now he and his
brother are saving every penny that doesn't
have to go for food to get some shoes by the
time school opens, in the fall.
you know what I'd like?" Mike announces.
"a bathing suit. They cost ten cents, though.
We can't spend our money on things like that.
1t has to buy things we all gotta have
So Mike and his brother are doing their bit
for their paper, the Daily Worker
Are you doing yours?
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-07-13

are fighting against the Communist Party. One
cannot be a friend of the left-wing movement
and cooperate with this kind OF work.
eve must remedy the harm we did in split
ting away over a year ago, from the Borough
Park Workers Club. We must go back to the
revolutionary labor movement.
THE Communist Party is the only organiza-
ton we should support.
"(Signed)--Lester Diamond, Fannie Levin,
Sylvia Rosenberg, Dan Cutler, Jack Broder,
Betty Himmel, Leonard Polansky, Jack Michale-
WITT, Rose Himmel Mildred Schuster Rose Fish
man, Lilly catcher. j. Smith, Begun ana
Esther Hertzberg.'
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-07-13

linked up with the struggle to save the boys
This will be dorc if we show the Scottsboro case
to be high point in the savage attack of the
bosses who wish to terrorize the Negro masses
so that they will not fight against their worsen-
ing conditions.
Bring the unemployed in the block and
neighborhood committees into the Unemployed
Councils, men and women. Turn the attention
of the women toward the womens councils
Bring them all into our Tenants Leagues But
we must bring the L.S.N.R into very concrete
struggles by having it develop struggles against
every form of discrimination, jim-crowism and
segregation from which the Negro masses suf-
fer; by organizing demonstrations against the
aires and restaurants which bar or Jm-Crow
Negroes. These are functions Of the LSNR.
groups.
The constitution Of the League and the ST
Louis convention decisions may be secured
through the League National Office.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-07-13

One way of defending the Soviet
Union is TO spread among the
workers Soviet Forced Labor"
by Max Bedacht, 10 cents per copy.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1931-09-18
Car Drivers Make Plea
for Saints Protection

The holy Saint Francisco is the pa
troness of motorists. She was, In the
Middle ages, a charitable woman who
mitigated many misfortunes. On the
Roman forum stands her little church,
appearing almost fragile, yet most
beautiful, amid the mighty arches and
ruins of ancient Rome Upon her feast
day, in March, there come every year
hundreds and still more hundreds OF
automobiles to the square before this
little church.
All sorts of cars are there, belong
ing not only to the wealthy, but to the
poor as well. Ambassadors and other
government officials are represented.
Instead Of chauffeurs sitting at the
wheel in solemn state, these function
aries and many lovely young ladies,
too, drive their own cars to the conse-
Grated spot, where at the altar Of Saint
Francisco their vehicles may be pro-
tected against disaster and misfortune
for another year.
Successive services are held In
which the guardianship Of the saint
is invoked, and all the cars driven
to the precincts of her altar are
blessed and dedicated to her, that she
may intercede for their owners and
drivers, and guard them from peril
and accident during the year to come,
and very appropriately at the season
Of the year when motor travelling is
most prevalent. Certainly these cere-
monies have deep and solemn slgnE
fcance, occurring as they do in the
very center of what was anciently
pagan Rome i-Berliner Tageblatt.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1931-09-18
Systematic Plan for
ChartinR of Currents

At eight bells every day, aboard ev-
cry ship, the position Of the vessel is
ascertained by observation, and its po-
sltion marked on the chart. When this
Ii done. 1t is the practice on many
ships to use what are called bottle
papers"
These are merely slips Of white pa
per, but they help greatly in the chart
ing Of the worlds currents. On them
is printed a short notice asking any
one who should find one to send 1t to
a certain address, and In some cases
offering a small reward. A space is
left to be filed In with the name of
the ship, the masters name, the lati-
tude and longitude at the time, the
chronometer time and the apparent
time on the ship. When the paper has
been filled in, 1t is signed by the mas
ter and the navigating officer and then
inserted in a clean white bottle which
is corked hard and sealed with wax.
It is then thrown overheard.
The bottle may drift for years, but
in the meteorological and hydrograph-
ical Offices Of the world men are en-
plOyed In calculating from the bot
ties, as they are found, the strength
and direction Of the currents.
One bottle thrown overheard from
the British steamer Athelqueen in No
vember, 1929, off the south coast Of
Ceylon, was found on the coast Of Ital-
ian Somaliland in April, 1880, having
drifted about two thousand miles In
just over five months.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1931-09-18
Turkish Capital Famed
for Its Many Mosques

AS the tourist gets his first view Of
Istanbul from the deck of an approach
ing ship, he is more aware of the
mosques than of anything else, says
an article in a Boston paper. Their
domes, and the slender minarets
which rise near them, give Istanbul
real distinction which many great
cities lack. Not even Cairo has
mosques which show up so aston
ishingly against the skyline. They are
almost numberless, but there are a
dozen that are really tremendous in
size. They occupy commanding sites,
so that the domes and minarets rise
above the surrounding roofs. They
give Istanbul, from a distance, an
aspect of wonderful dignity and gran
deur mingled with the charm of the
Orient.
OF these mosques, the most re-
nowned is st. Sophia, one of the most
glorious buildings in the world 1t
was built as a Christian church and
dedicated in the year 53S. The min
arets at the four outside corners were
added by the Turks when they con-
verted the structure into a mosque.
From the outside, st. Sophia is apt
to seem a little disappointing, but
within it is hardly surpassed anywhere
in architectural merit. 1t would be
hard to find another great nave so
light and so graceful.-Detroit News.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1931-09-18
blinds Not "Venetian"

Venetian blinds, now becoming pop
ular in America, are not, and never
were, really Venetian, Home and Field
says.
"Whilc the roller shade is purely an
American invention, the use of vene-
tian blinds, or fitting Stats, dates back
nearly 800 years to the West Indies"
the article says. "The blinds now in
use are quite similar, but with added
improvements. Apparently there is no
authoritative information as to why
they are called venetian. Careful re-
search shows that they were not seen
in Venice until many years after they
had been in use elsewhere. 1t has
been sugg sted, however, that they
may have been invented by Vene-
tian trader making his home in the
West Indies and named in his honor"
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1931-09-18
Lies Prime, the Years
Between Youth and Age

At what age is the average man or
woman In his or her prime Of life? is
often asked, and what is the average
length Of life?
The prime Of life, says the Cleve-
land Plain Dealer, is the period Of full
vlgor and power. that which succeeds
youth and precedes age.
The average length of life In the
United States, according to estimates
made by the United States public
health service, is fifty-six years. Sta
tistics indicating the expectation of
life place Australia at the head of the
list with an average length of sixty
one years. New Zealand comes sec
ond, with an average expectation Of
sixty years. The average expecta-
ton of life at birth in various countries,
according to the United States bureau
Of the census, is as follows: Den
mark, Norway and Sweden, fifty-seven
years; England, fifty-three years; Hol-
land, fifty-two; Switzerland, fifty-one;
France, fifty; Germany, forty-slx; ia
pan, forty-four and India, twenty
three. Statistics also show that fe-
males have greater expectation Of
life at birth than males.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1931-09-18
Mans "Rishts" in 1881

"The point as 10 whether men can
be forced to work at a fire, when they
are not tiremen, is knotty one" COM
mented the Arkansas Gazette on Feb
ruary IL, 1881. AT the recent fire on
lower Markham street, several men
were arrested for refusing to pull on
rope.
"If they had been asked to take a
pull on glass of beer. or on the riv-
or. II would not have been so insulting,
hut when they were asked to take their
hands out of their pockets and actual
ly pull 0n II rope, all the pent-up prin-
ciplcs OF American liberty and free
dom caused their bOsoms to swell. No.
sir; the great American citizen does
rot need to pull On ropes. What is
the COED If hang IN American citizen
{ we cant stand around and look Mt Il
fire without being forced to help save
another free American citizens prop
rrty from destruction? Did we sever
our connection from England to come
10 this? We may stretch hemp, but
VIZ will not pull on ropes"
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1931-09-18
Mankind Still Clings
to Pomp and Ceremony

1t is, Of course, mere blindness and
laundering to suppose that monarchy
Is decaying In the modern world. The
danger Is much more that the future
governments will be too despotic than
that they will be too democratic.
But II there is one idea more alb
surd than the idea that we have seen
the end Of royalism, 1t Is the idea that
we have seen the end Of rltualism.
Pomp and ceremony were always pop
ular with the real populace.
Nobody who has seen, as | have,
the long procession of the Italian or
ganization Of citizen soldiers, passing
the tomb Of a new and nameless sol
der and saluting 1t with a gesture
three thousand years old, can doubt
that every crowd in the world really
cries out for some such sacramental
sign.
Ceremony will not depart from man.
kind; on the contrary, as In the case
Of monarchy, It is much more likely
that 1t will be very difficult to get an
English king (even for two mlnutes)
to enjoy wearing a crOwn.--G. X.
Chesterton in the American Magazine.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1931-09-18
Mixture of Cheese

Emulsified cheese, process cheese, is
the modified cheese made by commit
nutlng and mixing one or more lots
Of cheese into homogeneous, plastic
mass, with the aid of heat, with or
without the addition of water and with
the Incorporation Of not more than 8
per cent of suitable emulsifying
agent The name "emulsifed cheese"
process cheese" unqualified, is under
stood to mean emulsifed Cheddar
cheese, and applies to product which
contains not more than 40 per cent
of water and In the water-free sub
stance, not less than 30 per cent Of
milk fat. Emulsified cheese, process
cheese, qualified by varictal name, is
made from cheese Of the variety indi-
Gated by the name and conforms TO the
limits for fat and moisture for cheese
Of that variety.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1931-09-18
Picturesque "Hcme" for
Wild Life in France

There has been constituted In the
south of France a national reserve
for wild life which, in some ways, is
the most picturesque natural home for
bird and beast to be found in Europe.
1t is situated on the Camargue, the Is
land famous in old French history and
legend and well known to visitors to
Aries in Provence. Really the delta
of the River Rhone, entirely formed
by alluval deposits, it is In great
part savage region of marsh and
prairie.
The Societe Rationale d'Acclima-
tatiOn, which has charge Of the re-
serve, protects about $4,000 acres as
tenant, and it is proposed to increase
the area ultimately to 100000 acres.
Even after a relatively short expert
ence, however, it has been observed
that the migratory birds Of many
species which have always used the
island as a landing station are in
creasing in numbers. For many 1t is
the last hopping-off place for Africa.
Besides every sort of wild duck in
Unreasonable numbers-storks, her
ons and egrets-there are many rare
birds which cannot be seen elsewhere
In Europe. Perhaps the most aston
ishing are the pink flamingoes, which
are to he found in flocks of 5000 or
1000 together.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1931-09-18
Mother Earth's Age

The earth is 2,OOO,OOO,OOO years old,
according to the estimate of Prof. DIR.
Otto Hahn, director of the Kaiser
Wilhelm institute at Berlin. The
noted physicist bases his calculations
on the quantity of lead to be found
on the surface of the earth.
1.-THE progress made recently in the
study of radioactive substances and
the disintegration of the atom enables
us to fix the age Of the world with
fair accuracy" the professor told an
audience of German scientists. "Ura-
mum and thorium, contained in GER
tain minerals, are converted in the
course of millions Of years, into
radium, and finally into uranium lead
and thorium lead. The lead findings
help us to determine the age of the
earth at 2,0O0,000,0OO years"
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1931-09-18
Little-Known Men Who
Ave WORTHY of Honor

1t Is suggested that statue be
erected to the memory of the man
who first introduced the orange to
Great Britain. Japan already has
statue to its first orange bringer.
France has put up statue to Marie
Harel, the inventor of Camembert
cheese, and Offenburg, in Germany
boasts statue to Sir Francis Drake
for bringing the potato from the New
world to the Old. But nobody knows
who brought the oranges to Britain.
They came from Spain about the year
1900, but beyond that there is no rec
ord The first man to import oranges
in quantity was Benjamin BOvill,
London fruit broker the centenary of
whose death recently occurred. The
man who first brought bananas to
Britain is just as worthy of a statue
as anyone connected with oranges.
Worthest, perhaps, of any is Sir Rich
ard Weston, who flOurished in the
reign of Charles l. Though very few
people have heard of him it was he
who introduced turnips, clover and
other sown grasses into Britain and
so laid the foundation of modern agri-
culture.-I.ondOn Mail.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1931-09-18
EngIand's Earthquake Year

About one hundred and seventy
years ago England experienced the
first OF series of severe earthquakes,
which created great alarm. The first
shock was very distinct, the second
still more severe, and crazy soldier
scared many folk almost out Of their
wits Icy predicting that the third,
which he timed for April 6, would to-
tally destroy London. On April 8, tens
of thousands of all ranks quilted the
metropolis, and many who remained
were afraid to 90 to bed, but spent
the night In the streets. The prophecy
proved false, of course, but further
shocks were felt in various parts Of
the country in the spring and summer
Of that year, and some held the proph-
ct jusilfied-wlth some error Of date
and locality-by the awful earthquake
which shortly after destroyed Lisbon.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1931-09-18
Coffee Production

The regions best adapted to the
production of coffee are those between
the parallels 10 degrees north and Is
degrees south latitude and from 1000
to 1000 feet above sea level. It Is
cultivated from latitude 20 degrees
north to 20 degrees south in places
where the temperature does not fall
below - degrees Fahrenheit Moist
and somewhat shady slopes are found
most desirable. Little streams OF wa.
ter are conducted to the roots OF
trees which are kept very wet until
the fruit Is nearly ripe. then the water
Is turned of to keep the fruit from
becoming too succulent.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1931-09-18
Class Mosquito Among
Worst of Insect Pests

Mosquitoes lay more men low than
lions, tigers, wolves and venomous
snakes; and we can't shoot them. We
can't, with any degree of real triumph,
rOut them from their chosen work of
preying on the human race.
And yet, the mosquito, originally
where there were no human beings,
found his Cor her, for 1t is the female
that is the more deadly of the species)
sustenance in the sap of leaves. But
the mosquito took to a more fiery and
habit-forming drink and now is our
most hateful and persistent insect
enemy.
We have long been convinced that
the mosquito does not care. 1t does
not fear the human race and has
learned how to carry on operations
for TRANSMISSION of blood without dam
ger to itself. And in this function 1t
transfuses everything else. From yell
low fever to day by day or every
other day, fever and ague. Incidental
ly the mosquito has developed quinine
into one of the best money-making
drugs on the globe.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1931-09-18
No, He Wasn't Telling
ri Al

That Gre to the Wife
81 can match that one" said the
man who owns dog to the man
with new baby at home.
"Impossiblel' said the man with
the new baby. He had just offered,
as an illustration Of the intelligence
of infants, the story Of how baby,
picked up and walked with at II :03
p. M, will demand with walls to be
picked up and walked with the next
night at II :03 p. m. And the next.
"Well," said the man who owns
a dog, when our Maggie had pup
pies, was doing night work. Came
in at 3 a. m. Maggie and her pup
pies were sound asleep in their bas-
ket at that hour, but one night when
l wasn't sleepy I turned on the light
In the kitchen, dumped them all out
on the floor and played with them for
while. The next night I did the
same thing. And the next.
"The night after that came home
tired, walked right through to the
bedroom, undressed and got into
bed, and you should have heard the
yelps that went up from that kitch-
en-. Every one of those puppies
spent the next Is minutes noisily re-
preaching me for my neglect. They
woke up the wife, they woke up the
neighbors. They made the darndest
fuss. The next night ignored them
again, but they woke up and yelped
at a. M, just the same. It took
three nights of ignoring them to break
the habit"
"You don't say" said the man with
the new baby, looking thoughtful.
"Well, wouldn't dare tell that one
to my wife. New York Sun.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1931-09-18
Oboe Not Dangerous

There Is no particular vibration
from the oboe that affects the brain.
hut very early oboe players often had
throat hemorrhages. When this In
strument was invented 1t was extreme
ly hard to play, having double reed
and steel buttons. The armies Of the
Huns and the Goths had bands made
up of oboe players who often had to
wear leather collars to prevent these
hemorrhages. As the Instrument de
Nciopcd, however. the strain on the
lungs Of the player became lessened
until today there Is no danger In
playing an oboe. In fact, prominent
Cleveland oboe player says that 1t de-
velops the lungs and p:uluccs II good
appetite for the player. Cleveland
rlain Dealer.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1931-09-18
Buildings on Islands
Tell of Vanished Race

The island of Maiden, in the South
seas. was discovered in 1925 by Lieu
tenant Maiden, of the British warship
Blonde. In his report of that dscov-
cry Lieutenant Maiden said that he
found 40 stone buildings in almost
perfect state of preservation extending
along the shore line. He also found up
on an adjacent island truncated pyr-
amid which he said was Of the same
type as the pyramids of the sun and
moon on the coastal belt Of Peru and
as the Teocallls of Mexico.
That part Of the island of Ponape
which is now above the surface bears
evidence of having been uplifted at
some early time. In this respect 1t
differs from other Islands which show
that they have sunk into the sea.
From the pyramid temples on Ponape
paved roads run toward the sea. These
roads were constructed centuries ago,
perhaps long before the uplift oc-
Cured. At this time the island Is in
capable Of supporting human life.
There is no fresh water and the rain
fall is only a few inches annually. Ac-
cording to Professor Brown, the people
who built the temples could not have
lived on the island as 1t is now.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1931-09-18
The Three of Them

The following incident is reported
by Mrs. A. NJ. g.:
"a little five-year-old girl was added
to my class last Sunday, and when the
lady who brought her introduced her
TO me she said: She was born in
Egypt
81 thought no more about It, and
when class work began, told the lit
tie tots about Moses. The little new
conner said she had heard about
Moses; and then. to interest her, 1
said, Moses was Jew, but he was
born In Egypt
eyes exclaimed the new child, all
three of us We're born in Egypt: my
sister. and I, and Moses. kansas
City Star.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1931-09-18
Old Story DisnroYed

There is an often repeated story
credited to the historian, Harvey Rice,
that Moses Cleaveland's exploring and
surveying party started up the Chagrin
river, installing it for the Cuyahoga,
and that upon discovering the error
Cleaveland gave it this name as repre-
sentative of the state of his feelings.
1t appears, however, that this story
has little foundation, for on maps
made before the Revolution the river
was called the Chagrin. The name is
no doubt from an Indian word given
as "Shagrin" or "Shaguin" and said
to mean "clear." One map issued in
1855 calls it the Elk river.-Cleveland
Plain Dealer.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1931-09-18
Area Taken From Mexico

The treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo,
february ., 1913, conveyed u the
United States the territory which has
since become the states OF California,
Nevada and Utah, part of Colorado,
and the largest parts of New Mexico
and Arizona, Previous to that time,
this territory belonged TO Mexico.
Five years later, the United States
purchased from Mexico about $4,000
square miles Of southern Arizona for
Si0O0o,000. Since this treaty, Mexi.
20 has remained approximately the
same size as ii is at present.