davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-01-26
Let's Have the Rest!

Eleven men in a Pullman smoking room could
have done as well -.
And this comment, by congressman, on the
Wckersnam commissions report is only another way
of saying that the same decison-that prohibition
is unenforced and unenforceable-will be arrived at,
whether based upon the average persons more or
less superficial knowledge of the facts, or based upon
the commissions detailed study OF the whole situation
The commission, of course, reached It's decision
that the law was not being enforced after spending
many months studying evidence that cost in the
neighborhood of half million dollars.
Though 1t was presidential commission, it spent
the taxpayers money That is sufficient, but not the
only, reason why the people should be allowed to
know what their money bought
The commission, we believe, has discharged only
part of its duty in submitting its report To round
UP its work, it must make available to all the evil
dence on which its report was based
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-01-26
%>2ZZECTNSSSm
4TdoAvF ls lTk9eEI
EAMNlQGR$ARYI
HS 3
ADMISSION OF MICHIGAN

AONl1SSlON Or M1Cn1GaN
January rs.
0N Jan. 26, 1887, after long
NJ argument over boundaries,
Michigan was admitted to the
Union.
Admission might have been
granted earlier but for Michigan's
dispute with Ohio concerning the
southern boundary. There was
danger at first that this dispute
would lead to bloodshed, but in
1886 congress agreed to admit
Michigan upon condition that she
surrender her claim to the dis
puted territory and accept in lieu
thereof larger area in the up
per peninsula.
The first convention called to
consider this proposal, Jan. Is,
1886, rejected it, but it was ac-
cepted by second in December Of
the same year. Michigan was ad-
nlitted to the Union a month later.
Michigan consistently has sup
ported the Republican party ex-
cept for three lapses-in 1882
and 1888, when the Democrats
and Greenback party in fusion
elected their candidate for Gov
ernor. and in 1890. when the
Democrats alone caeTied the state.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-01-26
Stands at Ton

DESIDES having more autos in
I'D proportion to the population
than any other county in America,
San Diego has between 300 and 400
airplanes. The fact that most of
them belong to the army or navy
does not lessen their influence on
community life.
They give young people some
thing more serious to think about
than the highly conventionalized
social nonsense which is doing so
much to shrivel intellect in some
other places. and they lead to the
development of many allied enter
prises.
One of the four parachute manu-
factories in this country, and not
the smallest, is located here.
SO, too, and largely because it is
not dominated by the snokestack
complex, San Diego has found time
to develop some rather impressive
artistic and cultural activities.
Indeed, those interested in com
nunity spirit. especially from 60
cial and intellectual standpoint,
could do worse than study San
Diego.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-01-26
Chilean Industry

",T~HE major development vas .
L reorganization of the Chilean.
nitrate industry the summary
says, producing s375o0o,0O0
merger in which the Chilean gov
eminent and the Guggenhein in
terests are the most important
factors.
1.-THE Chilean government holds
so per cent of the stock, in return
for which the export tax on nitrate
and iodine has been dropped
'"The Guggenheim process is to
replace the older extraction pro-
cesses, with an anticipated reduc-
ton in production costs Of up TO 40
per cent.
while the Compania Salitera
Macdonald, commonly abbreviated to
Cosarla, viii constitute a world
monopoly on natural nitrate, an
agreement has been made between.
it and the International fixed nitro
gen cartel, which was renewed In
1880 for a period of seven years.
This arrangement includes most of
the world production of nitrogen
outside of the United States.
1.-THE United States well might
fear the world situation were 1t not
for the phenomenal development of
nitrogen f1xation within our own
borders.
Ninth in volume of production
in 1929, trailing Germany, Great
Britain, France, Italy, Poland,
Japan, Canada, and Norway. the
United States is expected to be Sec
ond only to Germany by the end of
1881 as the result of the rapid ex-
pansion Of the synthetic ammonia
industry"
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-01-26
BY DIR. NORRIS FTsHBEIN
ID LyAOs 4AIOAN1NLO ELCAAO4144N
Editor. Journal OF the American Medical
Association and Of Hygeia. the Health


u AS4Os IAlOAN1lA2 E1SAAO4z44N
Editor. Journal OF the American Medical
Association and Of Hygeia, the Health
Magazine.
THE air inhaled through the nose
- and through the mouth, pre-
ferably the former, passes by means
Of the trachea or windpipe to some
larger tubes known as bronchi,
which then divide into still smaller
branches, from which the air passes
into the cells of the lungs. The
smaller branches are called bron-
clioles.
The suf1x ''itis" at the end of any
word means an Inflammation.
Therefore, bronchitis is infanna-
ton of the larger tubes, bronchioli-
It's is Inflammation of the smaller
ones.
When the air enters the nose it
is warmed and otherwise modified.
Thus solid particles which it con-
tains, including carbon, dust, bac-
terra or other materials. adhere to
the moist surfaces. of the cavities
through which the air passes.
The walls of the bronchial tubes
are covered constantly with nucus
and the whole respiratory tract has
little hairs or ella which wave in
such manner as to force. foreign
substances outward.
When these substances reach the
sensitive portions of the breathing
tract, the coughing mechanism helps
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-01-26
Great Experiment.

A WORLD. cartel in nitrogen is
IA among the possibilities foreseeu
for 1881. The summary goes on to
say:
If there is to be q world cartel in.
nitrogen, the American part of the
industry should be able either to-
sit in or to stay out If it sits in.
the world will watch the greatest
experiment yet in the coordination
OF effort within one industry.
II it stays out, the competition
VIII move into a new plane, since the
German nitrogen syndicate already
has found it necessary drastically to
limit production, the great plant at
Merseburg, for example, being cut
to $50 metric tons day, only slight
ly more than a third Of its capacity
The Norwegian producers are
practically the only ones in Eu-
rope running at anything like full
capacity, and their activity is based
on their cheap hydrogen production.
although all nations now are on
par, as far as a supply of the raw
material, nitrogen, is concerned, ma
ture has been somewhat partial in
her distribution Of potash deposits
which can be enonlically worked. :
THE Dead sea concession for
potash recovery accordingly is be-
ing contested by rival British and
French interests. 49,
1T is possible that the matter will
come before the permanent court of
international justice for arbitration.
In the meantime, two American
concerns actively are engaging In
the development of a. new potash
industry in western Texas and.
southeast New Mexico.
"One shaft is down and mining
and refining operations on sylvanite
are expected to get under way dur
ing 1881"
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-01-26
SCIENCE
Important Role WI Be
Played IN Economic Field
6g Nitrogen This Year.
nv DAVID DTETZ

NITROGEN promises to play an
IN important part In the eco
nornic and political news Of the
world during 1881 as well as in the
scientific news.
Four-hfths Of the atmosphere IS
nitrogen. But nitrogen in that form
is of no value to either agriculture
or industry. Nature has two ways
Of making nitrogen available.
Certain bacteria, known as nitro
gen fixers. occur on the roots Of
certain plants. They turn the nitro
gen of the air into compounds,
which fertilize the soil.
That is why the farmer period
icaIly plants a field in clover. The
nitrogen-f fixing bacteria congregate
on the roots Of the clover.
Lightning, by its tremendous
power, causes the nitrogen and the
oxygen of the atmosphere to unite
in small quantities. Man has Lor-
roWed this trick of nature and uses
the electric arc to bring about the
flxation of nitrogen.
Until this and other processes OF
nitrogen f1xation were developed
man was chiefly dependent upon
nitrate deposits in a few regions
OF the earth,
Nitrogen continued in the spot
light during 1890" says q. summary
of the chemical industry during. the
last year, published by DR.. Har-
risen E. Howe, editor Of Industrial
and Engineering Chemistry, one OF
the oficial publications of the
American Chemical Society.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-01-26

a T first glance it looks as if the
IN Wickersham commission has
done an honest job in its investiga-
ton on prohibition. At the very least
the document represents a trend.
There is almost a virtual agree
ment among the men involved that
Volsteadism isn't good enough. And
in spite Of a dry preamble, the
general gist of the findings is wet,
After all, only two of the eleven
men expressed themselves as salts
fed with the present state Of affairs.
And in one respect the problem
has been immensely clarified. The
report and it's reception has served
to remove the last vestige of doubt
as to the attitude of President Her
bert Hoover on the matter Of pro-
hibition.
Mr.. Hoover stands revealed as the
dryest body this side Of the Sahara.
He can give the w. G. T. u. and the
Anti-Saloon League half a stroke
hole. He is for the Methodist
Board of Morals lock, stock, and
bootlegger's barrel.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-01-26
Investigate What2

NF course, 1t seems not unreasor1-
~ able to ask just why Mr.. Hoo
yer went to the trouble Of appoint
ing a commission If his mind al
ready was made up.
Evidently he desired an ail-Aner-
lea eleven Of yes-nlen, and he seems
to be startled and annoyed to get
even a hint Of maybe not"
The body was described at the
time Of its inception as ct-fnd-
ing commission. The great engineer
wanted to ascertain the precise
state of conditions from experts be-
fore he should go ahead.
Now we know that President Hoo
yer is prepared to stand in his
tracks, no matter what opinions,
what facts, and what evidence hat
pens to be presented. The truth
Of the matter is that he wants votes
and not facts.
Much has happened in the last
two years to bring UP the altogether
extraordinary possibility Of land
slide President losing a renonlina-
ton.
Herbert Clark Hoover holds all
existing records among public men
for speed in going backward in
public esteem. He has spent his
political popularity as If it were
Confederate money,
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-01-26
Questions and
Answers

On what finger should a wedding
ring be worn?
Always on the third finger Of the
left hand.
How much does it cost TO lay q
mile Of cement road?
About $4,000 a mile on federal
aid roads.
From what book was the photo
play Seventh Heaven" taken?
It was an original play, written
by the dramatist, Austin Strong.
Who composed the popular song
why Dreams Come True?"
It was composed by Irving Berlin
for the photoplay, The CocoanutS, .
featuring the -Four Marx brothers.
Mary Eaton sang it.
Who Is the governor of Rome.
Italy?
Don francesca Boncompagnie,
prince Of Pion1bino, who succeeded
Prince Ludovico Spada Potenziani,
Sept. 9, 1929.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-01-26
TFT% CEENTC* I'M HE nv HAYWOOD
i l. OLG4N1O i ~ 1V1L oA BROUN

intention to fuse the Anti-Saloon
League and the Republican party,
retaining the worst features of each.
And the resulting combination, in
all fairness, ought to be known as
the Arlti-Saloon League.
Mr.. Hoover knows that there are
certain people in the United States
who take no interest whatsoever in
unemployment, the tariff or any
thing but VolsteadiSrn.
For these people there never has
been, but one political problem and
there will never be any other.
It isn't fair to describe them as
having one-track minds. That's
much too broad. They are slack
wire walkers.
Upon this thin thread Of metal
lie mentality President Hoover hopes
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-01-26

to slide home to safety. If there is
sincerity in the vast rank and file
of Republicans the party should
split wider than it did in Bull Moose
days.
If men like Nicholas Murray But
Ter and Wadsworth are Republicans,
then Hoover isn't. And the other
way round.
hope that by now we shall see
an end Of wet hypocrisy and the
pretense that anybody ian be a
stern foe Of dry fanaticism and a
stanch Hoover supporter at the
same time.
Surely our nation has lost all
sense of the ludicrous if in 1882 we
have. again a group calling them
selves wet Hooverites.
downright. 1881. bv The Times)
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-01-26
Views of Times Readers

he has raised on his own premises,
without tagging the seed, provided
he does not advertise through the
medium Of the public press, circular
or catalog and does not deliver the
seed away from his own premises.
I will appreciate very much any
help which you can give us by call
ing this to the attention of farmers
who advertise sales in your paper.
H. r. KRAYBILL.
State Chemist and Seed Commits
sioner.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-01-26

Editor Tines-We find that a
great number Of the farmers are not
familiar with the fact that If they
advertise seed for sale in their sale
bill or in the newspaper it brings
them under the provisions of the In
diana state seed law. When the seed
is advertised for sale in this man
ner it is necessary for the farmer
to tag the seed with properly filled
out Indiana seed tags to comply
with the law.
The grower may sell seed which
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-01-26

The ReU. Billy Sunday Over-
looks Some Things in HIS
Scdthing Denuncjation OF
Tijuana.
GAN DIEGO, Cal, Jan. 26.-Comes
y the Rev. Billy Sunday swarm
ing into town and daring the devil
to trial by combat, as is his wont,
but first giving Tijuana the once
over, so that he can talk about it
from hrst-hand knowledge"
The great evangelist must be los
ing his punch. Otherwise, he
would have availed himself of a
more original and picturesque ex-
cuse. That one has been worked
overtime by Iowa school teachers,
Kansas farmers and even blase New
Workers, only to mention three ex-
amples.
Though streaking it for the Dor
der as soon as they can, not one in
a dozen will admit honest enthusi-
asm for roulette or the races.
What they want, and all they
want, is to see for themselves, so
that they can tell the folks back
home lust how the naughty place
is run. If they play a little, it's
only to be sure that they under
stand the technique.
After a brief inspection, the Rev.
Mr.. Sunday described Tijuana
Aqua Caliente included, of course
AS "the rottenest spot this side
of he'll" which suggests a very loose
way Of talking, or wider knowl-
edge Of both sides than any other
mortal would care to claim.
More conservative critics have de-
scribed it as the spiffiest gambling
joint in this hemisphere, if not the
whole world
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-01-26

Is a foreign born citizen of the
United States eligible to the office
Of the Vice. President?
The qualifications for vice-PreA-
dent are the same as President, and
a foreign-born citizen is not eligible
to that Office.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-01-26
Even a Democrat

A ND even if he does manage to
"A jam through a reluctant in
dorsement from his party, there
now is better than an even chance
that he will lose to a Democrat in
1882. Democrats being what they
are. this is a modern miracle.
With his back to the wall, it now
becomes evident that President
Hoover has selected the last lorn
hope. From now on he will CAM
paign as a Republican only in name.
He is endeaVoring TO put over a
POLITICAL uefger. It Is his apparent
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-01-26

the unhnkabe. namely, meetings at the factory gates
Of the great Detroit industrial plants.
If Mayor Murphy lives and keeps the faith, it Will
be long time before the barricades of revolution will
arise in the streets Of Detroit. Jimmy Walker well
might stop of for Measuring chat with Mr.. Murphy
some fine day.
The Better American Federation of Los Angeles
appropriately could send skeptical delegation to be
convinced that the city of Detroit stand without
a red squad to arrest those who read the first
amendment to the Constitution in the public square
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-01-26

Ideals and opinions expressed
in this column are those of
one of America most inter
esting writers d are pre-
sented without reEs d to their
agreement or dis ,feement
with the editorial attitude Of
this naper.=The Editor
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-01-26

Now that Clara Bow has been dismissed from the
cast, is it wrong to refer to her now as a canned
peach?
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-01-26

NO one who wears spats" says Lewis Gannett, the
critic, "can get far in America" Probably because SO
many watch his step.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-01-26

What is the population of Haiti?
The estimated population on Jan.
1, 1927. was 100000.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-01-26

You must cast yourself on Gods
gospel with all your weight, with
out any hanging back. without any
doubt, without even the shadow Of
a suspicion that it will give.-Alex-
ander Maclaren.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-01-26
Daily Thought

In thee, o Lord, do I put my
trust; let me never be put to con.
fusion.-PsaIm 71:1.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-09-26
ITALY ADDS is PCT.
AID VALOREM DUTY
Raw Cotton, Copper and Many
Other American Products At
fected by Extra Tariff.
by Gable to The Star.

BY Gable to The Star.
ROME, italy. September 26.-It was
estimated by government officials today
that the Is per cent extra ad valorem
duty on imports into Italy, which went
in effect yesterday, will bring an extra
Yield to the government of more than
$40 900 600 annually, enough to Offset
the budget deficit which was foreseen
for the present fiscal year.
With the exception of articles covered
BY conventional duties grain and other
minor items, the ad valorem duty APP
plies TO everything imported into Italy.
It's effect will be distinctly twofold,
first. TO bring revenues SUFFICIENT TO
overcome the gap In government
finances, and, second, to Offset any pos
sible flooding Of the italian market by
cheap goods following the fall in
sterling. It's effect upon the United
States imports viii be considerable, If,
as Is reasonable to suppose. imports of
those articles subject to the new ad
valorem duty decrease.
Products exported from the United
States to Italy subject to the new duty.
together with their value last year. in
clude raw cotton, $4,000 900: copper,
$4,000. 900; lumber, $4,6o0,000 mineral
oil and lubricants, S5.60000; tanned
hides, $1,000 900: radios, $1,500,00o;
gasoline, $6,700. 900.
A new schedule on radios, which will
virtually prevent the sale Of all foreign
sets in italy, was announced. The new
duty ranges from 90 cents to more than
$3.50 per pound, or from five to nine
times the old duty. The Italian press
declares the tariff boost will not In
crease the prices of necessities.
(Copyrisht, 1881
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-09-26
LAVAL AND BRAND
FOR BERLIN;
GE 7 BIG SEND-OFF
Hopes Mixed With Anxiety
as Europe Awaits Out
come of Meetings.

BY the Associated Press.
PARIS, September 26.-Pierre Laval,
premier of France, and Aristide BRAND,
his veteran foreign minister. boarded q
train for Berlin at the Care du Nord
this evening on the way to series of
conferences with the leaders Of the Ger
man government.
There was a cheering crowd to see
them of. including a delegation from
Aubervilliers, the town Of which the
premier is mayor and which he repre-
sents as a member of the Chamber of
Deputies
Long live Briandl" Long live peacel"
they shouted. The departing statesmen,
smiling, waved their hands.
Europe Awaits Outcome.
Meanwhile Europe awaits with con-
Stunning interest. not unmixed with
anxiety, the results Of the visit which
may lead to q burial of the Ratchet"
by two great nations which have been
more or less antegonistic and certainly
mighty rivals for power since the
Franco Prussian War OF 1870 and the
Great War.
M. BRAND, "apostle of peace" who
has been illuminated by many Of his
own people for seeking rapprochment
with Germany, finds In this visit q
browning of his hopes. Worn and
broken from age and hard work. he
Is confident there are enough peace
loving people in both Germany and
France to realize the necessity Of
genuine cooperation in every line Of
activity.
Laval Shrewd Leader.
M. Laval, Frances "laconic" states
man, who has won q name both at
home and abroad as a shrewd and
capable leader, will bring to the con-
verSations the freshness and optimism
Of comparative youth. He Is ~. With
France solidly backing his ideas, he
will be able to tell Chancellor Bruening
and Foreign Minister CurtiuS that the
French republic wishes sincerely to
collaborate with its great neighbor,
Germany.
Both BRAND and Laval are radicals
in their upbringings and both have been
Socialists. They will speak the voices
of the people of France-of the man
IN the street." as well as Of the French
government.
Some Anxiety Voiced.
Some anxiety has been voiced in
Paris as to how Laval and BRAND will
be received by the people OF Germany
and whether or not Fascist followers of
Adolf Hitler might not stage manifesto
tons against France.
But most observers have secuted as
absurd any fears of expressed hostility.
They have pointed out that the Franco
German cooperation project has al
ready advanced further than off1cially
admitted and that the conference in
Berlin was likely to primote not only a
good feeling between France. and Ger
many, but also practical economic I'M
derstandings.
Premier Laval, prior to his departure
defined the object of their visit as the
fixation Of economic relations between
France and Germany which would be
stimulated and controlled by the two
governments.
"If the relations of the two coun-
tries are improved by active co-opera-
tion," he said, II am convinced they
will be a powerful psychological factor
in the creation of a general atmosphere
of calm and confidence without which
we cannot solve the grave problems
now disturbing the world"