davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times., 1931-05-09
LudLuml Steel ShOWs
Biz Gain in Income

The Ludlum Steel Company
reports for the first quarter of
1881 net earnings from opera,
tionS amounting to $16,357.58,
after depreciation and taxes. This
compares with loss Of $49, ,843 .85
for the same period of 1880.
In order to bring all inventories
down to present replacement costs,
raw and finished materials we're
written down $4,000 as Of Jan,
uary l, 1881, and surplus adjusted
accordingly.
The Washington times., 1931-05-09
Freights on Peanuts
To Mid.pest Points
Held Unfair

Examiners of the Interstate
Commerce Commission today
recommended the commission
hold that freight rates on raw
peanuts, shelled and unshelled,
IN carloads, from Virginia
North Carolina and South
eastern districts, to certain Mis-.
souri, River cities and Lincoln,
Neb.. are unreasonable.
The cities designated are
Kansas City. Atchison, Kans.:
st. Joseph. Mo-; Omaha. Neb..
and Council Bluffs, Iowa.
The Washington times., 1931-05-09
WASHINGTON STOCK EXCHANGE

Bid Ask
Am T & C'tl Tr 5s.....i1 1851 .....
Anacostla Il Pot r 5s....l rs l.....
Ana d Pot Guar Ss ......l 81 I.....
c & Tel of Va rs ......i103 ,.....
Cap Traction r f 5s..... so 81
City & Suburban 5s .......l Is ,.....
Georgetown Gas 1st 5s.... .lO4 "a ....
Pot Elec Cons IS .......,.. I10S y .....
Potomac Elec IS 53....... los n .....
washington Gas ~ ..... hoo I1O1
WashlnEson Wash Gs9 IS sss series Ss 49, 1Ss
Wash Gas IS series B.. 1O5 n I106 II
Wash Ry & Elec As ....... SO S9%
MisceIIaneous Bonds
Barber & Ross Inc 61as....l 50 I.....
Chevy Chase Club 5hs..... 1O1 ....,
Col Country Club 5Hs.... 100 400
D c Paper Mfg 6s......... so so
W Nj cold Storage 5S...... 95 r....
Wash Cons Title 6s......... ..... 100
Public Utility Stocks
Amer Tel & Tel ........... l181% -.
Capital rrac Co .......... "a 35
Wash Gas 1t Co. Co............I116 I12O
& W Steamboat. ......... 1856 l2lO
Fot Pot EIss EIsS F%T FSTs5 go IS 10 10 ii5%
Wash RY Il FL com........ 425 49,.
Wash Ry & FL pfd ........ 98ls SS%
National Bank Stocks
Capital Observation-Disclosures. 1875 ESQ
Columbia ..................37 375 ...
Commercial (stamped).. l215 l236
District Observation-Disclosures .l202 1915
Fed Amer Nat Blk & Trust. so SO
Liberty .................n n9O I210
Lincoln Observation-Disclosures. 400 44O
Metropolitan .I2SO I31O
Riggs Observation-Disclosures. 40 40
Second 170hl21O
Washington .............l20 200 I926
Trust Company Stocks
Arnnr g. q ~ 20 l2oh L2kn
The Washington times., 1931-05-09
SITE SALE AUTHORIZED

The purchase of premises located
at 489 Pennsylvania Ave. N. W.,
for $28.500 was authorized yes
terday by the District Commits
sionerS. The site will be cleared
and used in connection with the
Municipal Center project.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-04-19
NO OPENING MAIL

factoily they are ordered fo- physical exami-
nation. Their character is also Investigated
thoroughly
Those who get by this far are then ordered
to secret service school in Washington for one
month. This institution was established about
two and a half years ago. Here candidates are
initiated into the innermost secrets and func-
tions of the service. They study the annual
of rules and learn different phases OF the
bureaus work Experts lecture them on bal
listics fingerprints how to distinguish between
different typewriters handwriting etc.
At the conclusion Of the course they face an
other examination. And even then the success
full ones are not full-hedged agents For their
first month in the field theirs is p obationary
status.
Men who make the grade and are admitted to
the service are checked up constantly. They
are examined three times year on their work
and are rated twice year for efficiency This
rating includes consideration of their knowledge
of duties, judgment, initiative, fo:ce, industry,
accuracy personal appearance paper work and
executive capacity.
ONE OF the most famous cases on record,
which illustrates well the manner in which
the bureau operates in efTecting an important
capture, is the story of Martin James Durkin,
"high-class" automobile thief and desperate
gunman. The account shows also the dangers
run by agents and the way in which the Bureau
of Investigation receives and lends operation.
Despite the publicity the case got at the time,
it is worth retelling here.
Durkin, wanted for violation of the national
motor vehicle theft act already had against his
record the shooting and wounding of three
policemen at Chicago and the shooting and
wounding Of q fourth police officer in Cali
fornia. Then, on October II, 1925, he shot
and killed Special Agent Edward B. Shanahan
of the Department of Justice.
Having received confidential information that
a man believed to be Durkin would arrive at
a certain garage in Chicago with stolen auto
mobile which he had brought out of New
Mexico Shanahan, assisted by police officers
had lain in wait all day for the car to arrive
When it failed to appear Shanahan came to
the conclusion that his information had been
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-04-19

Department Of Justice agents.

inaccurate and allowed the officers to leave the
garage to seek anothe: detaI that could relieve
them.
In the brief interim E;,rl:in drove up. Sham
ahan attempted, unaided, to take him into
custody and the gunman, by a ruse, swept up
an automatic f.om the front seat and shot him
through the breast. Then Durkin drove on
and his trail was lost from view.
All forces OF the bureau throughout tho
country were concentrated in an effort to cap
ture Durkin. Several weeks afterward informa-
ton was received that he would appear at q
certain house in Chicago to get some clothes
and other effects belonging to a woman, pre-
paratory to fight from the city.
Chicago police officers, attempting to arrest
him late at night when he came to the house,
were embroiled Immediately in typical Durkin
gun battle in which one officer was killed and
another wounded. Again Durkin escaped.
Until January 20, 1926, he evaded capture,
though agents and police everywhere were after
him. On that date he was arrested near st.
Louis as the result of a systematic alarm
spread through the entire United States and q
thrilling laSt-minute chase across the continent.
conducted entirely by special agents Of the
Department of Justice.
Durkin was particularly fond of expensive
cars, such as Pierce Arrows, CadllacS and
Packards. To sales agencies he would present
himself as prospective buyer and, after agree
ing to purchase a certain car, would arrange
to have it serviced and filled with gasoline and
oil ready for delivery the next day
Then, during the night he would burglarize
the garage and drive the car off. The motor
number would be changed likewise the serial
number and all other assembly numbers that
would serve to identify the car. License plates
would be secured under assumed names giving
fictitious addresses. He would then take the
car to another State and sell it.
In pursuing their chase after Durkin, agents
Of the bureau notified sales agencies for such
cars throughout the United States describing
the method used by Durkin. As o result
Cadillac agency at San Diego. Calf, informed
the Los Angeles Office of the bureau January
10 that a new phacton with a green body and
Continued on Seventeenth Pace
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-04-19
y, Department ofJustice Men Garry on Their
IS Graduate La7UjrrWho Is Picked Through
iiou-School Conducted Here in Washington.
Records.

Federal fugitives from justice whose apprehen-
sion has not been effected within reasonable
time.
1t naturally follows that justice agents must
be Al sleuths-but let Mr.. Hoover himself tell
what is required
DOISED, polished, Chief Hoover came up from
the ranks and was appointed to his present
position in 1924. Since that time he has COM
pletely reorganized the service. Accustomed to
adventure, he regards his activities as routine
and unromantic and he thinks this sleuth bust
ness is greatly over-drematized.
-Four important qualifications which
agent must possess" says Mfr. Hoover, ARE
horse sense, imagination, honesty and an
aptitude for hard work. The horse sense he
will apply to his job of collecting evidence
rather than wearing false wl1iskers or other
fantastic DISCUSSES.
He must have Imagination, and by that 1
mean that he must be able to visualize the
case. yet at the same time maintain open
mind. He must be honest above all and will
ing to work hard.
There are no regular hours of service be-
cause the criminal does not wait. Often
agent is called upon to undergo severe physical
hardships, particularly when working in a ter
ritory reservation. The pay, however, is good
and, if man is efficient. promotion is rapid
because We have seniority rules and are
not under Civil Service ruling.
1T is my belief that it is better to pay large
salaries to a comparatively small group of
efficient men than to have on the job lot of
poor men who are likely to blunder. 1t is the
duty of these men to protect the interests of
the Government and the investments of the
American people. Clearly the issues at stake
are too important to admit errors.
The service has the reputation of being one
Of the hardest to get into and easiest to leave
man would be fired summarily for using
liquor at any time, because, however we feel
about prohibition the spectacle Of man en-
ployed TO enforce Federal laws breaking such a
law would reflect upon the service of which he
is member. He would also be fired for using
third degree methods or other Illicit tactics
such tapping telephone wires and opening a
suspects mail"
Since 1924 all members OF the national
police" have had to be graduate lawyers, be-
tween the ages of Is and IS. They are required
to take written examination on problems Of
investigation and law and must also be ex-
Arnined by an inspector of the bureau for poise
and personality. If these tests are passed salts
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-04-19

exceptional case. Typical of the method by
which crimes are usually tied up with their
perpetrators is the story of mysterious murder
One November morning two years ago the
dead body of William Earl found in a
stolen sedan parked in front of $40 North
Second street, Philadelphia. Two bullets had
pierced the back Of his head. heel from a
woman's shoe, mans cream-colored soft felt
hat, and pair Of heavy horn-rmmed glasses
were found in the car with the victim At
his feet was SO caliber pistol, loaded except
for the two shots which had been fired.
Why had this man been murdered in cold
blood? What motive prompted the assassin?
How could his identity be determined and his
whereabouts disclosed? These questions con-
fronted the Philadelphia police.
Evidence was finally secured that SUM-
cient to take out a warrant for one man, but
he could not be located The National Division
Of Identification was notified that the suspect
was wanted and with the notification went his
fingerprints.
i Six months passed. Then on June z, 1929
the national division received from the State
police at Reading. Pa, the fingerprints OF the
man, who under arrest in that city on a
burglary charge. His fngerprints were imme-
diately identified as these of the suspect who
was wanted in Philadelphia as a suspect in
connection with the murder OF William Earl.
This information was telegraphcd to Phila-
dephia that all steps could be taken to
secure the removal Of the prisoner to that
district in order to effect a solution of the
killing.
Aside from its cooperative work through the
identification division and its own field of
jurisdiction which includes the national motor
vehicle theft act, national Bankruptcy act, inn
personation Of Government officials, larceny
Of goods in interstate commerce and similar
measures, locating fugitives is a specially OF
the Bureau of Investigation.
Mr.. Hoover's agents get some OF the knottiest
problems along this line in America, since they
are called upon by other agencies 60 nelp locate
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-04-26

shOtguns and Army rifles are also supplied
them.
Transportation is by automobile, horseback,
canoe, snowshoes, skis, roWboat what have
you? Upon occasion airplanes and motor boats
have been used, but these are borrowed Only
automobiles are supplied them by the Govern
ment. Some Of the men have horses Of their
own for use in regions where an automobile
cannot 60, and q small allowance Is made for
their upkeep.
Pleas for few airplanes have fallen upon
deaf ears, although early 1927 request
began to take to the air. Officers Of the patrol
they may, on foot. or by auto. and in spite Of
these handicaps make frequent hauls.
Ofhcially the patrol is in its seventh year.
Unoficially it dates back to 1903 when the
enforcement of all laws relating to immigration
matters was transferred from the Treasury
Department to the then Department Of Com
merce and Labor and officers we're nrst
stationed at points along the borders.
The development Of the present organization
Is due largely to the efforts Of George J. Harris
assistant commissioner general Of immigration.
In 1904 he was sent to the Canadian border,
where he served for two years. From 1906 to
1927, when he was given his present post, he
served on the Mexican border. AS supervisor
Of the patrol on this front he played leading
role in its early history, drumming into the men
under him the ideals of service which are OBJ
served today with fidelity that shows high
morale.
Vacancies are filled by civil service examina-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-04-26

Barred as undesirable" they are determined to
crash the gate by whatever means seems ex-
pedient.
Against this invasion. along 900 miles Of in
ternatioaal border, is pitted band of some 800
picked men-jauntily uniformed, armed to the
hilt, and ready for any emergency-America'S
highly organized and miraculously efficient I'm
migration Border Patrol. Their adventures
make those of Canada's Mounties seem slightly
pale pink but somehow the movies haven't dis
covered them yet.
On the job day and night, these men last year
patroIled 1900 600 miles during the course Of
their operations and took into custody 20,9l5
struggled aliens. They apprehended 269 SNUG
glers of aliens and 429 assorted criminals on
charges ranging from murder and thievery to
gun running and dope peddling. In six years
they have travelled 100000 900 miles and stopped
an army of $1,000 gate crashers.
Preventing the illegal entry of aliens is the
chief duty Of the patrol, but not its only con-
Germ. They are expected to seize contraband OF
any and all kinds being brought into the United
States and arrest the guilty persons; prevent the
passage of armed bands into Mexico during
revolutionary activities; intercept struggled arms
and ammunition and apprehend violators of the
motor theft act, white slave traffic act and
similar Federal statutes. They also track down
murderers, thieves and other fugitives from JUS
ticc.
Their field of duty is broad and the odds are
heavy, but the patrolmen thrive on danger. II
they didn't they would be filling other jobs
because the pay Is small the hours tedious and
the men have established their own high code
Of bravery and honor.
patrol officer must be diplomatic, honest,
cou, teous versatile and highly resourceful. He
must be good shot and a good sleuth and he
must be ready to give his life, II need be- in
the pursuit of duty. Honor first" is his watch
word and his pride in his organization Is UNI
bounded.
IT is remarkable that so little has been written
about the border patrol. The stories Of their
adventures make a timid soul shake In his shoes.
There tales of gun play in pitched battles
along the Rio Grande, with two or perhaps four
patrolmen fighting it out with band Of 10
or 20 armed smugglers. There are accounts
of wild chases after outlaws across the desert
THAT recall the vivid days of the old West. And
there are stories of expert tracking to stir the
interest of Sherlock Holmes himself.
Patrol inspectors wear natty, forest green cav
airy uniforms that fit with never a wrinkle, for
they buy them themselves and are particular
about the cut; Baden Powells and slick cavalry
boots. Buttons and insignia are silver and the
trim on the haring breeches a dark-blue stripe.
On duty they always are in uniform, unless
exempted for some special reason, 20 that .
traveller has no doubt to their identity. They
are supplied with Army revolyers, Colt 10l7
models but many prefer to buy their own aDd
these are likely 70 be fitted with Ivory or pearl
bandit, mounted with silver and gold. Riot
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-04-26

Angeles. across country that is largely d
alien Chinese are stealthily making their
into the coveted farm country. They are d
gled by airplanc-and of this, more later.
the Colorado River, bounding California
Arizona, down to FL Paso, stretch Of
500 miles, the boundary is q cactus-st
desert strip marked here and there with Il
FL Paso IS located in an irrigated section
hes directly opposite the ancient MexicaIl
Of Juarez. The region to the east and VI
1t Is constantly harried by smugglerS Wild
aid and sanctuary among Mexicans HviT'
the American side. Gunfights are q fred
occurrence here and often take place VI
the city limits. To the east of Fl Pas@
desert again unrolls and the vast area Of
Big Bend in Texas is very no mans I
more than hundred square miles Of q
where there is no way of living.
Over this desolate country, riding by
In automobiles or on horseback, the patrd.
go on their scouting trips, for smugglers,
equipped with supplies, do not hesitate to
a try across the desert. The officers carry
gas in special storage tanks and take with
food. water and a bed roll They live
move like soldiers in the field, staying
sometimes for week. They pick up and (
trails, follow them If they are fresh, or I
wait for a party to come through.
What they will meet at the end Of q r,
after a long. lone vigil, they never know
may be a group of aliens, finding their W,
means of compass, or an armed band Of
smugglers, doped with mescal or marin
and spelling for fight with the hated fedt
gTingoes.
Mexican despei ADDE'S dislike fighting il
open, and they send their spoilers ahes
warn them of the presence of oficers
know that border patrolmen are forbidde
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-04-26
.Gm-Rmneys, Alien Smuggle,]
FHgitives From Justice Are Hmm
officer C0Uery SeUen and n Hal
attempting to Keep Om the Gate-0

tons and to insure further the selection Of 1T
candidates the previous records OF all appli-
cante are investigated. After entering the
patrol novices serve for six months on proba-
ton, and If during that time they fail to
measure up to standards, they are summarily
dropped.
Separation from the service after the proba-
tionary requirements has been filled is on the
basis of formal charges, to which the accused
officer is given an opportunity to reply in
whiting. The wedding out" process goes on
continually and, It's said, formal proceedings
often unnecessary: the disapproval of his
fellow officers frequently forces the resignation
of a member who has failed to live up to
traditions
The beat of the patrol extends along the
Canadian border from Maine TO Washington
and along the Mexican border from Browns
VILE, Tex, to the cliffs of San Diego. 1t follows
the line of the gulf, west from Jacksonville and
Miami. for Cuba and the Bahamas favorite
relay stations, or bases for entry into Florida.
Headquarters coincide with those of the IL
frontier immigration districts and are located
at Montreal, Buffalo, Detroit, Grand Forks
Spokane, Seattle, Jacksonville, New Orleans
San Antonio, FL Paso and Los Angeles.
livery known trick is used, from camoufiage
quently the methods of the patrol inspectors
are constantly changing. Generally speaking,
the defense Is strongest along the international
line. But there are also rear lines OF defense,
entanglements in which aliens are trapped after
being allowed to break through Railway termi-
mails and points where roads converge offer
strategic possibilities of control with minimum
number of men.
Units sometimes follow border roads for q
considerable distance, take transverse high
way and double track, encountering victims who
had thought their way was clear. In the wide
desert regions of the South an enormous terri
tory can sometimes be guarded by small con-
tingent stationed near the mouth of a canyon
in a mountain pass through which the
travellers must pass to escape to the North.
The patrolmen know every water-hole in the
desert every trail and every pass. Tracks on
the hard packed sand which an ordinary per-
son might not even see, are to them an open
book, telling the circumstances of passing.
In the cities they know the dives and hiding
places where alien might find sanctuary,
and in the city the plain they make a
point Of cultivatng wide acquaintance Given
the good will Of community, they can count
on aid from local authorities and individuals
who often are able to furnish them with valu-
able tips.
Thirteen of the Is patrol inspectors who have
lost their lives during the last six years pro-
tecting the land frontiers have been killed in
clashes along the Mexican boundary, and from
stories Of encounters with smugglers From
San Diego to Brownsville the wild border Is
still wild.
Lower California into San Diego and Los
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-04-26
BY ALMA Chestnut.

N alien horde is swarming across
the borders of the United States.
Its ranks are motley; shrewd
criminals captain its legions. All
nations, races and creeds are
represented, but its members
have one thing in common.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-04-26

have one thing
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-08-25
Second Arrest Was
 Made Last Night
 By Local Police
Police Seeking Third Accomplice Implicated in Wholesale Thefts at North Square Factory

The second arrest in the police departments investigation of a re- cent wholesale robbery at the Nor gan cigar factory in North Square was made last evening when Michael Cardoza, 3S, of 254 Abbott avenue was taken into custody. To- day in police court his case was postponed until Saturday morning at the request of Attorney John H. Cassidy, who will defend the ac- cused.
 Patsy Alcorace. 28. of 21 Phoenix avenue was arrested Sunday even ing in connection with the actual breaking and entering of the cigar factory when over $200 in cigars were carried away in an automo- bile. The state may join both cases when the accused are brought into court. There Is also a possibility of another arrest, if the police sue ceed In learning the identity of All corace's suspected companion on the night of the "break."
 James Yakel, 30. of 30 Gilbert street paid $25 to-day to have the charge of embezzlement nolled. The money paid to the court cov- cred travelling expenses for mem bers of the detective bureau in To- eating the accused and returning
The Waterbury Democrat., 1931-08-25

him to Waterbury. He was arrest : ed on the charge of misa ppropri- ating $19 from hte Wolcott Street Transportation company. Appar- ently some settlement was reached between the accused and the com plaining witness.
 The case of William Dereskivea, 31, of 31 Lawrence street was con- tinued one day under bonds Of $500. He is charged with taking an automobile without the permission of it's owner and with driving while under the influence of liquor. The accused was still "sea sick" this morning and it was decided that q one-day continuance would be of benefit to him.
 James Mckay, 30, colored. was arrested early this morning on the charges of intoxication and breach of the peace. He explained to the court that he and his brother have been accustomed to wearing each others shirts. but last evening for some reason he was unable to ob- tain one An argument started and ended when the police were called in. When Mckay was brought into court this morning he was shirt less. He received a suspended sen tpnre