davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-01-18

old continuously during 24-hour periods. At
night the observers sat in the dim light in
which the children were accustomed to sleep
and took notes by an electric haShlight which
they held so that it would not cast q refiec-
ton on the babies.
Dr.. Arnold GeseH, who n studying infants &C
the Psycho-Clinic Of Yale University, utilities
elaborate observation domes. These are igloo-
like structures made with fine white wire
screen, which resemble o solid wall on the
inside but are transparent from the outside.
When placed over the infants crib, these domes
allow free circulation Of air.
THEY enable observers to watch without be-
ing noticed by the child. Cameras moving
along rails on the dome roof make photo
graphic, records of the baby's response to vart-
GUS situations.
Babys first laugh, bis first clumsy attempts
to pick up desired toy, and his babblng and
cooling are all being duly recorded by the acien-
tsts These are the little everyday things that
every mother sees. but few record with scien-
tifc accuracy. But from the accumulated
mass Of facts psychologists hope eventually to
be able 10 explain Infinitely more about the
why's and wherefores Of the behavior Of babies
and Of the adults they later become.
Prof. Buhler and her assistants devised
a series Of baby tests on the basis of the records
from months OF day and night observation.
While these are not actually the first baby
tests, they are the first which attempt to make
such fine distinction between the various age
stages In the infants development. They are
described by Prof. Buhler In 1.-The First
Year Of Life" Here Is . general outline Of
progress:
When his majesty, the infant, has reached
the ripe age OF 2 months, for instance, he
may be expected to be enough Of a sociable
creature to respond to an adults glance by
gazing solemnly back into the eyes that have
sought his glance. Signs Of his growing mental
ability are revealed By his fright at q loud
sound or By searching head movements during
prolonged sound By focusing his eyes. On an
object. or BY showing consciousness Of . chang
ing tone Of voice. Holding the head erect
holding the head up In the prone position and
turning away the head In q movement Of flight
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-01-18

from unpleasant 0hiecta are standard aehisGe-
ments o. bodily control &c that aga
A T months. the baby returns q glance with
smiling or cooling. Nov when he -
frightened BY q strange touch. his Wf0l0
body witches I'm attempted dighG His rapidly
growing intelligence and curiosity find ex-
preston IN looking for the source Of Q sound
in following moving objects with his eyes ana
In initiating facial movements In addition
month-old infant, the 3-month-old has
commenced feeling objects. actively touching
them and consciously exploring the mysterious
world that surrounds his tiny person.
When the baby Il 4 months old, he has
50 developed socially that he expresses dis
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-01-18

soanAA n tsz b hsaa above tAe child n
such Q way that he eaun0t reach ik from q
lying position he b anls % rAise himself %
. sitting position % grasp q
These are only Q few o. the babYfS accom-
pllshments, nov that h0 has enjoyed the ads
vantages Of almost . year8 growth and en-
peE1ence In the world
TO the mother Or older sister who has
watched baby. all these infinitely de-
scrf0ed movements and gestures seem too
familiar and everyday affairs In O bahy's life
% constitute q psychology test Prof. BuhleR
purpOsely patterned her tests ON the ordinary
day-by-day life Of the infant. for, after an
children have to live I'm Q day-by-day world
and adapt themselves 60 It.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-01-18
7oso Science Has Pound Unique Nays of
Learning What Goes ON Inside CHiId'S
HeadEUen Though
the Infant May Be
Too Young to Talk.
BY ELIZABETH SPENCE.

~ THAT are haby's secret thoughts?
Actually babies understand
mn what Is said long before they
~ are able to speak, psychologists
have discovered Wherefore
The Washington times., 1931-07-07
Discovery of Nev Cave
At Luray Probable

hazards to find the outlet to the
Subterranean stream.
In wet seasons Great Spirit
Pond" has been known to be 20
feet deep, emptying itself as If
by magic in an hour. Old resi-
dents of Luray say the pond
was known to the red man two
centuries ago. Indian arrows,
queer-shaped pipes and other rel
les of the red man have been
found in the neighborhood.
In times when Great Spirit
Pond" decides to cut queer Ca
pers by allowing millions of gal
Ions of water to drop through
its bottom in an hours time,
Yager's spring, nearly two miles
away, simultaneously goes on a
boom"
The Brown brothers believe the
subterranean river between the
two bodies of water passes
through cave perhaps miles in
length and extending under half
a dozen limestone hills that drop
down from the famous Luray
Caverns.
The Washington times., 1931-07-07
TOWN ELECTION
SURPRISES

The little town Of Seat Pleas
ant, Md, is today agog over the
political upset, at the first elec-
tion of town officers last night,
they result of which found only
two organization men elected to
the town council. They were
Van Moreland and Val Arm
strong. The victorious independ-
ents were: Edwin Fisher, A. S.
Jones. and Fabian L. Augustine.
third.
The organization elected Har-
mon o. Acuff mayor and Erwin
I. Main. town treasurer, without
opposition, however.
In view of the fact that the bill
to incorporate Seat Pleasant
passed with a large majority in
June, the upset was all the more
amazing. What forces were
brought forward to defeat the
men who, apparently. were as
sured of victory last month; could
not be explained today.
The Washington times., 1931-07-07
NATIONAL PARK
LAND SOUGHT

RICHMOND, Va, July THE
United States of America, through
petition filed in the United
States District Court, at Norfolk,
Va, served notice on owners of
property in Williamsburg, York
town and Jamestown and ad-
jacent places that it would at
tempt to acquire certain parcels
of land by condemnation for es-
tablishing a national park to be
known as Colonial National Monu-
ment.
1t is set forth that on August
10 at 10 a. m. a jury will be
empaneIIed to ascertain just COM
penSatiOn for the land desired.
The petition states the purpose
of the action is to acquire for
the United States certain lands
and buildings for preservation of
historical structures in the areas
of jamestown Island, parts of
the city of Williamsburg and
Yorktown battlefield.
The Washington times., 1931-07-07
Boy Strangled While
Playing With Strap

MOND, Va. July T..
Strangled to death with a dog
strap while playing in his front
yard. Thomas Edward Trimmer,
13, Nine Mile Road, failed to
respond to emergency treatment
administered by physicians who
were called when the youth was
found in an unconscious condi-
ton.
Young Trimmer. who was play
ing with a small brother, vas
amusing the boy by playing he
was a dog, tied to a tree. Slip
ping a dog strap, which was at
tached to the tree several feet
from the ground, around his neck
the youth was running around
on his hands and knees when
the strap frightened and strangled
him.
The Washington times., 1931-07-07
Motorists, Go SIOlU!
MARYLAND Police Busy

A drive is being waged against
speeding motorists within the
town limits of all nearby Mary
land communities, according to
Claude w. Cubbage, policeman in
charge of the Laurel, Md, sub
station of the Maryland State po-
lice.
According to Sub-station Of
ficials. orders have been received
from the office of the Maryland
commissioner of motor vehicles
to arrest all motorists who exceed
the 25-mile speed limit while
passing through towns. Ten ar
rests were made over the last
holiday period.
The Washington times., 1931-07-07
R|TCH|E VISITS
T, BROOKE LEE

Gov. Albert C. Ritchie heads a
list of Maryland State officials
visiting Major E. Brooke Lee, OF
Silver Spring, today.
With the governor are Attorney
General William P. Lane, jr.,
State Treasurer John M. Dennis,
State Comptroller William S.
Gordy, jr., Deputy Comptroller
Joseph McCusker, Lee LeCompte,
State game warden.
Tonight at $50 they will attend
a dinner at the State game pre-
serve near Gaithersburg as guests
of A. L. LeCompte, this being the
governors first visit to the pre-
serve.
The Washington times., 1931-07-07
BRIDES Fl LOCk
To ROCKVILLE

Marriage licenses we're issued
at Rockville, Md, to Thomas w.
Montgomery, %, and Ada M.
Pratt, 26, both of Washington;
william C. Allison, 80, and Eliza
beth L. Crosby, 26, both of Wash
ington; Edward H. Forney, jr., 81,
and Catherine Denning, %, both
of Chevy Chase, Md; William S..
Middleton, 81. and Ethel Faber
Freeman, 18, both Of Fredericks-
burg, Va; Richard N. Mason. "a,
of Staunton, Va, and Mar
garet v. Bear, "a, of Shenandoah,
Va; William A. Kirns, 25, and
Frances Cook, %, both of Culpep-
er. Va; Clarence H. Stevenson,
26, of San Diego, Calf, and
Ellen M. Burgess, Is, of Belling-
ham, Wash. and Egbert o. Comp
ton, %, and NQra Hale, 81, both
of Mclean. v.
Also Milton Fish, %. Of Budd
Lake, NJ, j., and Mildred Jane
Wildrick, 81. of Hackerstown, N.
j.; George w. Blankenship, 25, of
Harrisonburg, Va, and Louise Lu.
cille Fogle, %, of Shenandoah,
Va; John A. Leffel, %. of
Harrisonburg, Va. and Myrtle
Marie Bruce. 81, Of Shenandoah,
Va; Charles F. Hagen. %. and
Nettie Odell Thomas, 20, both of
Richmond, Va: Leonard C. Cof,
fey, %. and Mary Elsie Coffey. l8,
both of Amherst county. Va: Ed,
win C. Hoover, %, and Dorothy
Hayden. 81. both Of Washington,
and George w. Fay, 81, and Lii
liam E. Christian, 10, both of
Philadelphia. Pa.
The Washington times., 1931-07-07
Of BEARD.
HELD ACCIDENT

Carroll Beard, 28-year-old hotel
manager of Upper Marlboro, met
his death as a result of an un-
avoidable automobile accident, it
was decided by a coroner's jury
at Upper Marlboro last night.
The hearing was held before
Justices of the Peace Horace
Taylor and Harry Anderson.
w. A. Rogers, Maryland
State policeman, driver of the
automobile in which Beard was
riding and which struck a tele-
phone pole near the Prince
Georges county seat two weeks
ago, was cleared of all blame.
Six witnesses we're called by
States Attorney Alan Bowie,
none of whom gave testimony
that Rogers was at fault.
Rogers, suffering from a frac-
tured wrist and shock. was not
called to the stand last night.
Witnesses called we're: John Mar
tin, of Upper Marlboro; Harry
Nicholson, Sheriff Curtis Hop
kins, Deputy Tom Garrison, DR..
Joseph E. Rogers, chief surgeon
of Casualty Hospital, and Emory
Greenfield.
Mr.. Nicholson, who lives near
the scene of the accident, testi-
fled he heard ga tire blow out be-
fore the machine crashed into
the pole. DR.. Rogers declared
that Rogers was confused when
brought to the hospital, due to
brain conclusion, but that a
thorough examination of the
State trooper showed no traces OF
alcohol.
The Washington times., 1931-07-07

Whatever your wants may he. there
Is always a possibility that they can
be satisfied through tho many services
advertised in tOday'S Classified Section
The Washington times., 1931-07-07
BULLION NAMED
AS NATIONAL
PRESIDENT
Succeeds Or. Themper, Five
Terms in Office; Directors
Meet Here to Map Program

William r. Bullion was named
president of the National Associa.
tion Opposed to Blue Laws, fol
lowing adoption of plans for a
campaign against Sunday closing
laws at the annual meeting Of
the board of directors of the
organization last night.
Meeting in the willard Hotel,
che directors mapped out cam
paign to oppose efforts of Organi-
zatiOns favOring Sunday closing
laws and discussed plans for ex-
pansiOn of their work.
Mr.. Bullion succeeds DR.. Joseph
"A. Themper. who had been head
of the organization for five terms.
DR. Themper was elected treas
urer.
Linn E. Gale, who has been
secretary since the association
was formed, was reelected to
that post. while Mayor Spencer
M. De Golfer, of Bradford, Pa,
again was chosen honorary preSi-
dent.
Clarence DarrOw, Of Chicago,
again was chosen chief counsel.
The board Of directors will con-
sist of Gale, Themper, John j.
McGinnis, C. B. Rosenberger,
Hugh McCaffrey, Marx Lewis,
Henry w. Selah, Mrs. Gertrude
e. Mckenzie and Henry FURY
Chairmen of the various State
branches were practically all re-
elected.
The Washington times., 1931-07-07

LURAY, Va, July IA sub
terranean water course, in wet
seasons leading from Great
Spirit Pond" near the corporate
limits of Luray, may lead to the
discovery of a cave as noted as
any of the caverns in the Shen-
anadoah Valley.
Backing their belief by their
money that "Great Spirit Pond"
is the entrance to a vast under
ground amphitheater, James M.
and Thomas C. Brown, local res
taurant owners, are daily spend
ing large sums and undergoing
The Washington times., 1931-07-07
Boy Hangs Himself
While Playing 'Tige'

RICHMOND. Va, July 7 (USD.
Thomas Edward Trimmer. IL,
who accidentally hanged himself
while trying to amuse his baby
brother by playing "Tige." was
buried in Oakwood Cemetery yes
terday. Many children were
among the mourners.
The boy had found a long
leather leash. tied it to a tree
and placed a loop around his
neck and was trying to initiate
a barking dog when he fell and
the moose Strangled him.
The Washington times., 1931-07-07
Carroll Carter Held
On Attack Charge

Carol Carter. of Potters Hill,
Va, was ordered held for Fair
fax county grand jury on a
charge of attacking a 15-year-old
girl near Potters Hill on the
night of July 18.
According to Fairfax county
authorities the accused man was
married Friday morning to an
other girl. He was arrested Fri
day night.
The Washington times., 1931-07-07
Arlington G. D. p.
To Pick Delegates

In mass meetings in the eleven
precincts of Arlington county to-
night, Republican voters will
select approximately 140 delegates
to the county convention which
will be held in the Lyon Park
Community House Friday night.
Delegates will be selected on a
basis of one for each IS Repub-
lican voters in the last national
election.
The Washington times., 1931-07-07
MORE SCHOOL CHILDREN

CHARLESTON, w. Va, July
7.-An increase of 37,073 in the
school-age population of West
Virginia in 1881 as compared
with 1880 was reported by E. L.
Bowman, statistician of the State
Department of Education, who
has fixed the 1881 total at 564,-
686 children between the ages Of
6 and 20 years.
The Washington times., 1931-07-07
COUNCIL VOTES
ROAD REPAIR

A street improvement program,
involving the laying of macadam
roadways on three Hyattsville
thoroughfares, was passed by the
town council last night over the
heads of opposing property
owners.
Streets to be improved, with
the construction of sidewalks and
cutters, are Bayly Avenue, Wine
Avenue and Phillips Street. Op-
position was evidenced in various
forms from property owners
The Washington times., 1931-07-07
Virginia Will Spend
2I Millions on Roads

RICHMOND, Va, July 7.-Vir-
ginia will spend $21,O00,000 for
highway construction during the
present year, according to James
A. Kline, managing director Of
the Automobile Club OF Virginia.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-07-24
picture on Page p

By United Press
FIT. WAYNE, Ind, July 24.-The
one expressed wish today of George
Adams, who was shot in the neck
Wednesday night in a gunfight in
which two federal prohibition
agents we're killed, was that the bull
let which barely missed his brain
had gone just two inches farther"
Adams, who was sent to Leaven-
worth prison for bootlegging in 1929
and paroled seven months ago, ap-
peared calmly Indifferent as he re-
enacted the battle for officials.
1t was while the bullet was be-
ing gouged from his neck that he
made his only remark indicating his
reaction to the Sayings.
THAT was a close shave. 1t
missed the base of your brain only
a couple of inches" remarked a
physician.
Il wish it had killed me-" Adams
replied.
Adams was held to the grand
jury without bond on charges of
first degree murder in connection
with the deaths of agents John 1.
Wilson. Indianapolis, and Walter
NJ. Gilbert, Cincinnati.
G. z. Green, federal agent. te5ti-
fed at the inquest that four agents
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-07-24
DEATH WISH VOICED
BY SLEUTH SLAYER

had laid trap for Adams after
arranging for him to deliver a load
of liquor at the Stellhorn bridge.
He said that when Adams recog-
nized them as federal men he
opened fire.
In re-enacting the battle, Adams
indicated he would contend that
one Of the officers fired at him
first.
Gilbert's body was sent to Los
Angeles Thursday night for funeral
services and burial. Wilson'S body
was accompanied by Mrs. Wilson,
who came here, to his former home
in Rockwell City, Ia.
Adams is native of Poland and
received his final American natu-
radiation papers shortly before this
country entered the World war. He
then enlisted in the American army
and served for twenty-nine months.
His name before he changed it
was Adamski. He is married and
has two children. He is a barber,
and worked at that trade when a
prisoner at Leavenworth.
According TO those who know him
we'll, he likes to wear snappy clothes,
spend money freely and drive high
priced cars.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-07-24
| 10000 TO ASK
STEVE PARDON
Society Formed to Work
for Release.

Within two months, petitions
bearing 100000 signatures will ask
Governor Harry c. Leslie to pardon
D. G. Stephenson, former Khan dra-
gon, serving a life imprisonment
term at Michigan City state prison
for the murder of Miss Madge Ober-
hotter, it was predicted today.
That prophecy came from heads
of "The Organization for Pardon of
D. G. Stephenson" a group of one
hundred persons who banded this
week to work for the ex-klan lead
er's release.
This is not religious organiza-
ton nor a political clique, said
Elias w. Dulberger; legal head of
the society. I'VE feel he has been
in prison long enough for what he
has done.
Headquarters of the organization
are at 405 Inland Bank building.
Henry Kottkamp is chairman.
Dulberger said the petitions
would be circulated throughout In
diana, and declared he was conf
dent at least 100000 signatures
would be obtained within sixty DAYS.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-07-24
FOREST FIRES
RACE IN WEST
Three States PeriIed by
Roaring Blaze.
By United Press


MISSOULA, Mont, July "a
Driving cattle and wild life in great
herds before them, flames roared
and cracked through the forests of
three western states today and
threatened to create one of the
most dangerous situations in the
history of the section.
A score of fires, swept along by
high winds, we're burning unchecked
through thousands of acres of tim
Der, grass and brush lands in Mon
tana, Idaho and wyoming. Millions
of dollars in property damage was
threatened. Hundreds of head OF
cattle and wild life already had per-
iShed.
Additional fire fighters we're re-
quested at almost every fire. The
over taxed forestry service, faced
by fires which threaten to be worse
than the holocast year of 1929 was
near exhaustion of it's resources.
Most serious of all we're the fires
which ragged out of control in the
Nez Pierce national forest in Idaho,
and the Beaverhead national forest
in Montana. twenty-five hundred
acres in the Nez Pierce forest were
ablaze, and the high wind was driv-
ing the conflagration directly toward
Big Hole pass leading to the Beav-
erhead forest across the state line.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-07-24
YEAR AT FARM FOR
DEATH CAR DRIVER

A youth, who failed to stop after
his car had hurled a pedestrian to
his death over Madison road bridge
today was sentenced to serve one
year on the Indiana state farm by
Criminal Judge Frank P. Baker.
Maurice Fairbanks, 81, of 800 East
Henry street, pleaded guilty to fail
ing to stop, May Is, when his car
struck Hobart Myers near Edgewood.
He also was fined SIS and costs.
His sweetheart, Helen Sweeney.
10. of 1907 South New Jersey street,
who told police "She tried to get
her flance to stop and give himself
up to police was present in court.
Another girl. Louise Webster, 40ll
Cornelius avenue, who was walking
with Myers when the accident oc-
Cured. testified in court that the
automobile was travelling fifty miles
an hour.
Police officers declared they did
not catch Fairbanks until four days
after the fatal accident. AT that
time. police said, he was having his
car reprinted to cover a dented
fender.
Meyers was torn from the arm of
Miss Webster, hurled against the
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-07-24
FEAR MINERS RIOT
Troops Ordered to Scene of
Scranton Convention.
By United Press

By United Press
SCANTON, Pa, July 24.-All
available city police and additional
state troopers were ordered to patrol
the biennial convention of District
No. l, United Mine Workers of
America, today, in view of threats
Of more rioting.
Reading of the report of the re-
cent election, which returned John
j. Boylan to the district presidency
over Thomas Maloney, defeated can
didate by a 10000 majority, was
feared likely to cause a disturbance
A group of 500 members of the
Pyn elocal gathered about the home
of Enoch Williams, secretary-treas
urer of the district, today and Kissed
and booed him. Williams fled his
home at Taylor under police protec-
tions.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-07-24
NO JOB-SO |
STOLE ADMITS
Ex|LED BOY, IS
4 Want Money for Candy
and for Shows Says
John TooIey.
HE KNOWS IT'S WRONG
But What Are You Going
to Do?' Is Way He
Puts 1t.
HE KNOWS IT'S WRONG
BY ARCH STEINEL
Times STAFF Correspondent

PLAINFTELD. Ind, July "a
When you can't get a job, then
the only way to get money is to
steal"
This is the logic born of inactivity
in a small Indiana town that
caused John Tooley. 10, to be ban
ished from Gibson coutny by Cir
cult Judge Claude Smith and later
sent to the Indiana Boys school at
Plainf1eld.
In field overalls and scratching
now and then his freshly shaven
head-badge of newcomer at the
schoOl-John told today how his
side trip off the path of rectitude
was lined with milk bottles hooked
off front porches, chickens lifted
out of neighbors' roosts and tools
taken, so Il could get a nickel to
spend"
He Knows His Wrongs
John knows stealing is wrong but
he puts it up to you this way:
Il want money. l want it for
candy, shows. I'd like clothes. If
I had job, I wouldn't steal But
how you going to get money if you
haven't a job, unless you steal?" he
questioned his questioner.
IF I could have g, dollar a week
to spend, I wouldn't steal" he de-
clares.
But why, john interposed o. w.
Negus, superintendent of the school,
why did you run away from your
grandmother's home in Oakland
City and later go to your fathers
place in Princeton?"
Is This Feeble Minded?
There wasn't much to eat at
grandma's. She had to take in
washing to feed us. 1 didn't get anv
spending money. I knew she needed
all the money to feed me and the
rest of us in the family, so 1 left.
Shed have one less to feed" the
boy replied as he fingered his straw
hat.
This is the logic purveyed by -
boy that Judge Smith calls feeble
minded" and that is termed dull
by school authorities.
1t is as much the logic of weak
grownups, as much a problem these
times of depression, as it is with
John.
Johns in the third grade at the
boys school. He admits he doesn't
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