davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-07-10
Controlling News at the Source.

One of the penalties Of being Presi-
dent of the United States Is to become
the central figure in large proper
ton of the news stories that describe
official life in Washington. Some OF
the members of the Presidents official
family have shown anxiety over the
number of these stories that have ap-
peared without having first received
their sanction, and an investigation, in
GLIDING the questioning of secret service
men and White House correspondents,
has been undertaken in an effort to
locate the source of the So-called
"leakS" At the same time it has been
announced that henceforth the policy
will be that all news of White House
activities, particularly those describing
the activities of the President and the
members of his household, must come
from stated official sources"
There have been leaks" from the
White House in the past, some OF
them historic. But they assumed i'm
portance because of the nature of the
information divulged, or because of the
motives prompting those who divulged
it. Human interest" stories, so-called
as long as they did not reflect on the
dignity of the presidential office or en-
barrass him or the members of his
household because of their intimate or
personal tone, have not been, he-eto-
fore, placed under the ban. If re-
porter saw the President throw pea
nut to squirrel, he has construed it
as news and written the facts without
having them officially scrutinized and
approved by the Presidents secretaries.
If the President has felt 1t necessary
to leave his camp on the Rapidan and
make a fast automobile trip to Wash
ington to transact pressing public bust
ness, that, also, has been considered
worth printing, and up to now it has
not seemed matter requiring nego-
tiations with stated official sources
for the necessary permission.
AS long as reporters are equipped
with eyes, ears and the traoltlonal NOSE
for news, stories will continue to ema-
nate from the White House and the
Presidents advisers would adopt the
wise course in not making an issue OF
an effort to stop them. The Presi-
dents right to privacy in his personal
affairs is respected and should be main
tanned without resort to the doubtful
expedient of attempting to set up an
arbitrary tribunal for judgments as to
what constitutes printable news. As
long as the information conveyed to the
public is correct, there should be no OBJ
lection, When it is incorrect, there
are practical methods OF dealing WITH
the offenders.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-07-10
Protesting Paraders.

The utter futility of 'picketing" as
O means of protest against official ac-
ton was demonstrated anew yesterday
when a small group of striking miners
and sympathizers, representing an in
surgent organization of mine workers,
paraded before the White House In
disapproval of conference that was
being held between Government Of
ficials and representatives Of the coal
mine operators. The picketers at first
attempted to display banners and to
shout slogans of dissent and demand,
but the banners were taken from them
and they were enjoined to remain silent,
which order they respected. They
wandered back and forth for time
while few of their number entered the
White House and presented paper 70
a representative of the President. Then
they dispersed.
This demonstration served only to
call attention to the fact that there are
two organizations of mine workers, each
claiming to represent the body Of the
operatives. Several of the marchers
were women, who could have had no
claim to being actual workers. Perhaps
they had a good time, coming to Wash
ington fer little visit. Certainly, they
did not affect public opinion or official
Judgment or the economic conditions
which are the cause of the sad plight
Of the miners.
These occasional parades in Wash
ington, with either White House or
Capitol as objective, are part Of the
atmosphere When the paraders OBJ
serve the rules and refrain from I'M
seemly display and disorder they are
tolerated. When they insist upon
clamorous and offensive proclamation,
by voice or by banner, they are dis
persed, and If continuously persistent
they are arrested for disorderly con-
duct, just as any other person may be
taken into custody for disturbing the
peace.
Attempts at achieving "martyrdom'
through police molestations are not
readily accommodated. The police are
vronked to handle these demolstrants
w.tlhatience and forbearancs Short
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-07-10
Secretary Stimson in Rome.

Not the slenderest doubt remains
that President Hoover'S historic move
for world economic recovery Is linked
with his progAm for promoting dis
armament. There Is accordingly some
thing more than coincidence in the
presence of the Secretary OF State In
Europe at this particular moment.
The working holiday on which COL
Stimson embarked a fortnight ago
really set in at Rome yesterday, When
he was in protracted conference with
Premier Mussolini and Foreign Minis
ter Grandi. Even the generalitles
which are allowed to leak out about
their Capitalization indicate that ell
fective spade work was accomplished
in the realm to which President Hoo
yer has his heart set-namely, the Held
of curtailed ornaments.
II Duce informed Col Stimson that
peace and disarmament have been
chosen as Italy's detectives. There
are two roads," said Stgnor Mussollnl
with that gift of terse expression which
statements, "a road toward war ana
a road toward peace. I told the Amer
lean Secretary of State that l have
chosen the road toward peace AM
plifving his views, while discussing the
Stimson interview, the premier eX-
planned that Italy would be content
with 10000 rifles if no other country
had any more than that. II ltallan
rifles are outnumbered, the Mussollnl
conception is that his country would
be in the position of defending her
self with club against pistol"
The outside world will not go far
wrong in interpreting this graphic al
fusion as a yelled reference to 1talys
continuing demand for something ap-
preaching naval parity with France.
That thorny problem remains unset
tied, a year and half after the Lon
don conference and despite many sub
seouent months of mediatory effort.
Until Franco Italian naval differences
are ironed out, platitudinous proclama-
lions of peaceful desire in either coun-
try are more or less academic
Nothing so far has crept into the Rome
dispatches about Secretary Stimson's
activities in the direction OF patching
up an accord between the Mediter-
ranean sea powers. Such an agreement
can almost be described as the bedrock
of any enduring European disarma-
ment plan. President Hoover's diplo-
matte handy man, Ambassador Hugh
Gibson-drafted for new emergency
service at the forthcoming meeting of
moratorium experts in London-has
already rendered good service in the
field of Franco-Italian naval harmony.
Col Stimson, in Rome this week and
in Paris next week. Is certain to carry
on the work of Cancellation launched by
Mr.. Gibson last Winter. 1t is a con-
dition precedent to success at Geneva
In 1882.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-07-10
Discrimination
Against Women

To the Editor of The Star:
Time after time the question is
asked me, Does not the law forbid
discrimination between men and women
IN classified positions under the Gov
ernment?" To which the reply is made,
YES tnat Is true" Then am assailed
with proof that such discrimination is
prevalent; that nothing is done to pre-
vent the practice; that whenever a
vacancy occurs in position which has
been filled by a man and a woman is
given the place she Is not raised to
the same grade as the man occupied,
but Is expected to perform the same
work while drawing a much lower SAL
airy and graded one or sometimes two
grades lower
have in mind certain Office where
the male clerk was allocated in grade
D. He died and the place was filled by
young woman thoroughly experienced
in the same work and this young wom-
an has filled this position for over two
years without one promotion and still
allocated to grade 3, although doing
the work in a more proficient manner,
so am told, than the man who for
merly held the plate under grade 5.
This is not an isolated case-there are
hundreds of just such Determinations
throughout the entire Government serv-
ice, not all Of them women, of course,
but as rule 1t is the women who are
the greatest sufferers under this system.
Conditions such as this tend to lower
the morale and sap the ambition of
employees. 1t should not be permitted,
and no doubt will be Strengthened out
when the Brookhart board of appeal
bill is enacted into law, and in the
meantime women can vote. A womans
vote is certainly as important as a
mans, and in very many instances
much more important-therefore, we
can hope for better conditions just as
soon as the woman voters learn to exer-
else the elective franchise-to vote to
protect the rights, advance the inter-
ests and promote the welfare of the
citizens Of this Republic and to let our
Congressman know Just where she
stands on these questions. but she can
not sit supinely by and expect to change
matters.
Nothing in this old world of ours
was ever gained except by sacriflce-ii
not your own sacrifice, then the sacri-
flee of some other through whom you
reap the reward.
MARGARET HOPKINS WORRELL.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-07-10

of actual violence these marchers are
unable to gain notoriety or suffer
penalty for their craftsmanship and pro-
test. Meanwhile the causes which they
represent are neither furthered nor
hampered by their foolish performances.
They may gain little brief publicity,
simply for the fact of their enterprise,
but they do not affect the situation in
the slightest. Washington sees them
come and go without emotion other
than pity for their folly and their waste
Of time and energy.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-07-10
Unemployed Find
Civilization Fails

To the Edator of The Star:
HE who takes no thought for the
future finds trouble near at hand
This applies to individual carelessneSG
and also to that Of the home and the
Nation. With six million unemployed,
to be augmented by another million OF
two the coming Winter, 1t seems that
America is already submerged in trouble
enough to stimulate a thought for our
national housekeeping-o political
economy.
Because political economy has to dc
with our bread and butter, of which
many millions have less than sufficient,
and because 1t touches every pocket
book every day, 1t Is the most important
subject for Studious consideration that
confronts each and every one Of us and
it is high time to discover that we can
not with prudence or safety, leave our
economics to the professors and our
politics to the politicians unless we are
content to witness the failure of this
Government by the people.
Now that we f1nd ourselves in a sorry
plight no practical suggestion is made,
but we sustain ourselves with the as
surance that normal times" are just
ahead Of us and everywhere confronted
with the suggestion that we must be
patient and reflect the hope, courage
and faith Of men in aff1uent circum-
stances. 1t would be far better If we
were urged to be studious, thoughtful
and honest, for, as Milton wrote, 1.-The
reforming of education is one of the
greatest and noblest designs that can
be thought on, for by the want thereof
the Nation perishes," and in America
no individual Is so insignificant that he
Is without influence In its political econ
omy..
1t is said that we are afflicted with
overprodnction and that there Is not
SUFFICIENT demand for labor. Meantime
several million men, women and chill
dren are in dire want of things labor
produces. Take any one of the idle dis
couraged men and toss him, together
with his family, like Robinson Crusoe
or the Swiss Family Robinson, onto a
desolate island and in his own needs,
the wants of his distracted wife and
hungry children there is demand for
labor. In his two hands is the supply,
and although cut off from the enormous
advantages of civilization and its pro-
ductive machinery he can fill the
mouths and keep warm the backs of
those dependent on him.
In so far as he is concerned ciyiliza-
ton is total failure This presents a
problem that, If too long conspicuous,
Will insure for America the rebellion
and perchance the revolution that the
same problem has precipitated in so
many other countries. This would be a
sorry alternative for justice because our
form OF government is the best that
mas ever been devised. Its greatest
weakness lies in the disposition of peo-
pie to accept ready-made ideas when
they should think for themselves and
vote righteousness into our affairs.
j. B. CHAMBERLAIN.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-07-10
Plea for Oil Independents.

From the Oklahoma City Times.
Senator Elmer Thomas made a strong
and consistent plea for tariff on crude
oil in his address before the Southwest
ern Foreign Trade Conference. With
America rather definitely committed to
tariff policy, even in view of the pres
ent law, which placed many schedules
exorbitantly and ruinouSly high, it
should be plain that the oil producers
are entitled to share its equalizing in
fiuence. No other industry has suffered
more from the importation of cheap
foreign products, and all business in the
several great oil-producing States suf-
fers because of the present plight of oil.
The logic of this plea for an oil
tariff, however, does not carry assur-
ance 1t can be obtained. The indie
pendent producers should take no such
result for granted. They face hard
fight, If not q hopeless one. In that
fact there should be q strong incentive
for better regulation of domestic produc-
ton. Such pools as East Texas is now
developing, If left to flow to capacity,
may do even more damage than i'm
ported oil.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-07-10

two ago proposed that President
Hoover. since he has had Democratic
support for his intergovernmental debt
suspension plan, throw the weight Of
his influence back Of an immediate re-
vision of the Smoot- Hawley bill, a re-
vision in line with Democratic thought.
II there is to be q moratorium on in
tergovernmental debts, he suggested
why not try a moratorium on tariff
protection? Senator Robinson's re-
marks, as those of a good Democrat,
were as uncomplimentary as they could
be. The burden of his statement was
to the effect that more could be done
for the economic revival of the world
by tearing down tariff walls than by any
debt suspension plan. The Arkansas
Senator's statement was put forward
by the Publicity Bureau of the Demo-
cratic National Committee.
The Democratic leaders two-page
statement inspired the Republican SEN
atorial leader, Senator James E. Wat
son, to issue a flve-page statement in
reply through the Republican National
Committee. Mr.. Watson challenged the
Democratic Senator to be specific as to
the rates in the present tariff law he
would reduce and how much he would
reduce them. The failure to note rates
that should go down in tariff revision
has been the weakness of the Demo-
cratic attacks on the tariff to date
One or two items in tariff bill COW
ering thousands have been mentioned
by Democrats as requiring special at
tention. The great difficulty, however,
for the Democrats is to deal specifically
with all the items, when they know
that some of their colleagues would re-
sent efforts to lower duties on many OF
these items. 1t is safer to issue q
blanket indictment of the whole tariff
law.
The tariff will be the subject Of many
speeches containing in the aggregate
many millions of words during the cam
paign next year. Most of the men and
women who criticize the tariff know
nothing about it themselves. They
have heard that the law is bad thing.
AS matter Of fact. the present law
provides for tariff commission with
wide inquisitory powers. The commits
sion is composed of able men. both Re-
publicans and Democrats. Yet little
attention is paid to the reports Of the
commission by the general public. The
country might be better of If 1t gave
ear to the facts developed by the Tariff
Commission instead of listening to polit-
ical arguments. But such o condition
approaches the millennium.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-07-10

| oven and its capacity. The tempera-
ture usually used is 400 degrees Fahren-
heit and the average time for roasting
Is about Is minutes.
c. Is a rosebush without tK1orns a
rarlty?-F. G..
A. The Bureau Of Plant Industry says
that it is not rare. Some species have
few or no thorns.
@. Does the French President receive
more salary yearly than the President
of the United States?-L. K. j.
| A. The French President receives
about $4,000 a year. The President
of the United States receives a salary
of $4,000 a year with an allowance Of
$4,000 for travelling and entertainment
| expenses. The French President, how
ever, is chargeable for practically all
| the expenses of the upkeep of his
houses, as well as all services and per-
sonal charges. He is at the expense
OF entertaining and of travelling. The
| Winter home of the French President
Is the Palace Of the Elysee and he has
the choice for Summer occupancy of
several chateaux owned by the govern
ment.
Q. If pure-bred dog mates with
mongrel will her puppies always be part
| mongrel?-J. E. L.
A. The Bureau Of Animal Industry
says that it is contrary to general be-
lief that the previous mating of pure
bred dog has any effect upon the off,
spring when the female is mated with
a pure-bred.
@. was told that the Statue of
Freedom on the dome of the United
States Capitol was executed by q wom-
an. Is this true?-D. B. N.
A. 1t is not. Several of the statues
on the east front of the Capitol and
the Statue of Freedom on the dome
were the work of William Crawford. He
died before the completion Of his work
| and its final execution was carried
on by expert masons under the direc-
ton Of his widow.
@. What years did Sam Rice pitch
ball for WaShington?-E. S.
A. He came from Petersburg Va, as
a pitcher In 1915, pitched that season
and in 1916 when he also played in the
outfield. He has not pitched since.
Q. On each side of the north and
vest steps of the Treasury Building is
an immense block or slab of granite
| approximately Is feet by 20 feet by /
foot. Can you tell me where these
came from and how they were trans
ported to Washington as they are too
large to be handled by rail or trucks?
H. r. w.
A. "A History of Public Buildings IN
der the Control of the Treasury De-
partment" says that the granite used
in the extension of the Treasury Build
ing (which was carried out between
the years 1855 and 1862 was quarried
on Dix Island near Rockland, Me,
and brought TO Washington in sailing
vessels From photographs made dur
! ing the construction of this extension
| it would appear that the slabs men
| toned, as well as other granite for the
building, were brought up to the
building on specially designed trucks
drawn by several yokes of oxen.
@. What wild animal in Africa IL
the most dangerous to hunt?-A. B.
| A. The African buffalo is considered
the most dangerous animal in Africa
TO hunt. The wounded buffalo will
go into thick brush and will lie down
and, when approached, make charge
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-07-10
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
BY FREDERIC ]. HASKIN.

Did you ever write letter to Frederic
J. Haskin? You can ask him any ques-
ton of fact and get the answer in a
personal letter. Here is a great edu-
cationaI idea introduced into the lives
of the most intelligent people in the
world-American newspaper readers
It is a part Of that best purpose of a
newspaper-service. There is no charge
except 2 cents In coin or stamps for
return postage. Address Frederic J.
Haskin, director, The Evening Star
Information Bureau, Washington, D. c
@. Was the attendance large at the
National Aircraft Show at Detroit?-
e. l.. M.
A. During the nine days of the show
81 900 people paid admission.
@. What gems are found in the Palu
gem feld?-C. P.
A. In this district in San Diego Coun-
ty, Calf, tourmalines have been found
| in great numbers close to the surface
of the earth. In some places they are
picked up from the ground.
O. What citizens of the United States
are buried in Westminster Abbey?-
j. j. B.
A. No American is buried there. Long
| fellow Is honored by a portrait bust and
the late Ambassador Page by a memo
rial tablet.
@. Is the City Of New York In more
than one county?-F. A. E.
A. The City of New York Is incorpo-
rated as five counties which are called
boroughS municipality. These boroughS
all have their own borough form OF
government, and the City Hall in Man
hot RnrnMUh DC he WI
| the city government as whole, as well
as for the Borough of Manhattan.
@. What will remove stain made by
silver nitrate and mercury?-C. L. H.
A. The Bureau Of Chemistry says that
stains caused by a solution Of silver
nitrate and mercury are stains of me-
tallic silver and are indelible.
Q. When was Kipling's second Jun
gle Book" first published in the United
States?-E. S.
A. 1t was published by the Century
Co., New York, in November, 1895.
@. What is a yellow dog contract?-
A. 1t is an obligation which certain
employers compel their employees to
sign when entering their employ stat
ing that during the period of employ
| ment they will not enter into any ne
gotiationS or activities calculated to
upset the present system of rates of
remuneration.
@. What was the population Of Chi
| cago in 1850?-J. K
A. In the census Of 1850 there were
29,963 inhabitants. Chicago had a pop
ulation of 3,376,438 in 1880.
@. What States have laws similar to
the Baumes law?-R. c.
A. States having laws for the curling
of crime somewhat similar to the
Baumes law of New York are Michigan
and California. Other State Legisla-
| lures are considering such acts.
@. OF what material are whistling
buoys and bell buoys NADER. w. S.
! A. The Bureau of Lighthouses says
| that all types of buoys used by the De-
partment of Commerce are made of
steel plate and steel angles.
Q. How long a time is required to
roast coffee?-J. N. C.
A. 1t depends upon the heat of the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-07-10

Nobody denies that a large amount
of time and intellectual energy was
applied to the production of the Wick
ersham report. Many citizens may re-
member 1t as an example of conscien-
tious work serving no practical purpose.
Those who have put labor and faith
into 1t will doubtless rank 1t as one
of the great literary works that must
depend on posterity for a complete
discerning appreciation.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-07-10
Mountain Climbers Lauded
For Setting Highest Record

freezing point. Fierce winds add to
the terrors of tie intense cold. Yet
Kamet looks straight down upon Delhi,
where eternal Summer reigns. The con-
quest of Kamet will contribute to the
eventual complete ascent of Everest,
for the experience gained in the lesser
summit will help to overcome the con-
ditions which resulted in the death Of
Mallory and Irvine in 1924 on Mount
Everest"