davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-02-02
His Discoveries
OTHER fundamental discoveries
0f n. xrT;1-

nTHER fundamental discoveries
~ OF DR.. Wilson are summarized
by the committee awarding the
medal as follows:
he made the first measurements
OF ventilating properties of leather.
pointing OUT how leather could he
made to allow perspiration to pass
out from the inside of a shoe 80
per cent as fast as from a bare foot
and still have the shoe water
repellent from the outside.
He measured the effect of color
OF a shoe upon its temperature rise
IN sunlight, and related the strength
and stretch Of leather to comfortable
factors.
He devised methods of measuring
and controlling temper, residence.
porosity and density of leather. and
organized a national committee TO
study the properties of leather from
the standpoint of greatest comfort.
utility and economy to the ultimate
user.
He made extensive additions to
Cne literature OF animal skin and its
functions, indicating the variations
III different animals of different
ages according to location on the
skin feeding and climatic conditions
under which they lived.
He named the thernostat layer
OF the skin and demonstrated The
part it plays in keeping the body
temperature constant, in colds, III
making hair straight or curly. in
hair turning gray, in badness, in
making pimples, and in producing
effects bearing upon the properties
OF leather made from the skin.
He contrived a technic for making
fine sections and photomicrograp1
of skin"
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-02-02
Going Down

MANY allied leaders came out of
1VA the war assuming that Ger
many would foot the entire bill,
which they optilnistically computed
at somewhere near 5000 900 600, 900.
Lloyd George, wishing to appear
conservative, said they should be
satisfied if she paid 100000, 900, 900.
After the first round of confer
ences the allies found it necessary to
whittle the amount down to $780,
000,0O0,000. And they have been
whiting it down ever since, until
they are ready to confess that they
would regard it as lucky break if
they got one-third of that amount.
In the same way, many American
leaders came out Of the war assum-
ing that the allies would pay us
every cent they owed, interest in
Guided, arguing that such idea rep
resented no hardship, or injustice,
since they only would be handing us
part of the money which Germany
was to pay them.
The fact that there was only about
100000, GOO in gold with which to
carry through the enormous trans
action, and that we ourselves had
reduced it to less than $6,O00,0 900 by
tying up the remainder, seems
never to have occurred to them.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-02-02
0verpIayed Our Hand
Tor ten years, the nations hay

Toe ten years, the nations have
4 been trying to solve this prob
lem by reverting to the primitive
method of exchanging commodities.
Exchanging commodities has re-
suited in a definite advantage to
low-wage nations, and high-wage
nations now are trying to protect
themselves from this unlocked for
debacle by throwing up a networks
of tariffs.
This network of tariffs is stopping
the exchange, which means that
most of the nations in debt not only
will default, but cease to buy.
German economists protested to
be puzzled at the renewed movement
in this country for a revision Of debt
settlements. Are they dumb, or just
trying to be funny?
We merely are acknowledging that
we overplayed our hand, chiefly be-
cause we realize there isn't anything
else to do.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-02-02

as difficult as voyage in the May
flower.
We tried not to let them be dis
appointed in us. We tried not to
let them down.
This cold shoulder attitude, this
business of IF you don't like it here
why don't you go back where you
came m?"-that isn't American.
At least, it used not to be.
We had an ideal, and it's slipping
away. This was to be the melting
pot-the melting pot in which a
new brotherhood would be founded.
It's still a fine ideal. But we are
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-02-02
Dashed Hopes

IT'S wonderful to be a creditor as
4 long as debtors have some
thing with which to pay. When
they haven't. it's about the worst
misfortune that can happen to an
individual, a community or nation.
OF all the illusions that ever
plagued and misled us poor n1ortals,
the most pernicious is that which
holds out the hope that we may
get something when We know we
can't.
It was such illusion that drove so
many to mortgage their homes in a
futile effort to protect margins on
stock last year, and it is such illu-
sion that persuades some of our
best statesmen and f1nanciers to
keep up ledger which represents
little of substantial value.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-02-02
SCIENCE
BY DAVID DEETZ.

% LA VIZ LIE lL-------
Pains IN Feet Which Help to
Forecast Weather Caused
By Changes IN Shoe Leather.
A MATEUR weather prophets who
"A can forecast rain by virtue OF
pains in their feet, do so by virtue
of the fact that weather changes
affect the size of their shoes.
This discovery has been made by
DR.. John Arthur Wilson, well-known
chemist Of Milwaukee, who Just has
been awarded the William H.
Nichols medal of the American
Chemical Society.
DR.. Wilson did not get the medal
for the discovery about feet and
weather guessing, but for a funda-
mental study of the properties of
leather and the technique Of tan
ming.
He showed that the relative
humidity, that is the amount OF
moisture in the air. affects the
dimensions of a piece of leather.
That explains the weather prophet.
Obviously, the relative humidity
always rises before a rain, since the
reason for the rain is that so much
moisture is in the air that slight
cooling of the air makes it i'm
possible for the air to hold 1t any
longer.
DR.. Wilson showed how these
changes in the area of leather with
changes in the relative humidity OF
the air could be reduced to one
third their previous amount by the
proper selection of tanning material.
Thus, alas. the picturesque
weather prophet may prove
casualty of the advance Of science.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-02-02
BY DIR. MORRIS FIsHBETN.

bI Ohs InOnh1S r 1SI1OEANS
Editor. Journal OF the American Medical
Association and of HyGeia. the Health
Magazine.
THE old poem which began, Pure
Il water is the best of drinks"
puts into rhyme one Of the truest
statements known to expert physi-
ologists and hygienists,
Today this fundamental field of
sanitation so definitely is recog-
nized that every community does
everything possible to secure a sup
ply of pure water and to keep it
pure.
To have the water hygienically
safe, clear, tasteless, odorless, and
without a sufficient amount of dis
solved salts to corrode pipes through
which it passes, it is necessary to
study carefully all sources Of water
supply.
Unfortunately, not every COM
munity can be near enough to a
perfect source of water supply to
be sure that it will have one. Under
the circumstances, it is necessary
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-02-02

beginning to ask too much of the
immigrant.
We ask the foreigner to jump in
and leave behind him everything
that is native to his homeland. lie
must give up on the instant his
language, his customs, his affection
for the place which bore him.
We want him to come out of he
melting pot with nothing left of
what went in. He must be boiled
down to bones and buttons. That's
what we call assimilation.
It isn't fair definition. Assimi-
lation is give and take.
Copyright. 1881. BY The Timesl
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-02-02
Outdoor Sports

If the threat of dvotdiggers became so great as to
menace the existence of golf courses in this country,
you'd hear plenty about it. Thered be mass meetings
riots, bills in congress and all sorts of huabaoo
But what about fish and wild game?
If facts gathered by senate committee recently
are facts indeed the idea that golf and baseball are
our most important sports needs little revising This
committee discovered figures which showed that in
fourteen southern and southwestern states there were
9oS64O golfers 226572 baseball FANS and almost four
and a half million hunters and fishermen.
These figures are given by the committee to sup
port its pleas for wild life conservation
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-02-02
M. E. Tracy
It's Wonderful to Be a Cred
itor When Debtors Haze
Something With Which to
Pay; When They HGUen' t.
.SAYS.

S2 , - ftStt = W. - Wv '
G ACRAMENTO, Cal, Feb. a.
~ Milk is being delivered to Sac
ramento homes at cents a quart,
while butter retails at IS cents
pound. Fresh eggs can be had for
% cents a dozen and, in many in
stances, fruit growers offer to let
oranges, peaches, pears and lemons
go for the picking.
The unusually low price Of milk
is largely due to a dairymen's war,
but the prices of other farm COM
modities obviously have fallen in
response to general conditions.
CALIFORNIA; farm production was
much greater this year than in 1929,
but she will receive $125, 100000 less
for IT.
AS the department of agriculture
points out, this loss somewhat is
Offset by increased purchasing power
of the dollar.
Increased purchasing power of
the dollar means that gold has gone
up. 1t takes more fruit, grain, or
labor to get an ounce Of the pre-
ciouS metal this year that it has
for many years.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-02-02
ZZLE%S
B1TE9e|
ANNIVERSARY
CANDLEMAS DAY

FcDrudEy =
0N Feb. 2 Candlemas day Is OBJ
~ served. In its ecclesiastical
meaning, it is the feast of the puri-
fication of the Virgin Mary.
This festival is strictly kept By
the Roman Catholic church, there
being a procession with many light
ed candles, hence the name Can
dlemas."
The candles symbolic the words
spoken by Simeon of the Infant
Christ, "a light to tighten the Cen
tiles" Popular observance of this
date prevailed in Christian
times. The Romans burned candles
on Feb. 2 to the goddess Februa.
In modern times many traditions
have attached themselves to the
day. Among these is the belief that
a fair Candlemas day indicates a
long winter. This is expressed in
the Scotch lines:
If Candlenas is fair and clear,
There1l be two winters in the year"
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-02-02
what is Communism?

A social system in which there is
community of goods. A theory Of
government and social order, ac-
cording to which property and the
instruments of production are held
as common trust, and the profits
arising from all labor are devoted to
the general good. In more modern
usage, the system of nationalized
production and distribution as prac-
ticed in Soviet Russia.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-02-02

Ideals and opinions expressed
in this column are those of
one of Americas most inter-
esting writers and are pre-
scented without regard to their
agreement or disagreement
with the editorial attitude OF
this paper.--The Editor.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-02-02
Questions and Answers

What was the population of New
York in 1890?
2,507414.
For whom was the Marcel wave
named?
For Frenchman named Marcel
who invented the hair wave.
What is the name of the isthmus
that connects Africa with Asia?
Isthmus of Suez.
How long is the Zambesi river in
Africa?
1t is estimated about 1900 miles.
Who discovered the Victoria Falls
in Africa?
David Livingston, a famous Scot
fish missionary explorer.
According to the Jewish reckon
ing, when was the Crucifixion Of
Jesus Christ?
In the Jewish year 1886.
What songs did Ramon Novarro
sing In 'The Call of the FIesh?"
"Vesti la Giubba" from ct Pagli-
acci'' and popular number called
Lonely"
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-02-02

What provision was made regard
ing the Saar basin in the treaty of
Versailles?
According to article As Of the
treaty, France obtained from Ger
many as a compensation for the
destruction of the coal mines in the
north of France the exclusive rights
Of exploitation of the coal mines
situated in the Saar basin. The
area OF this district is about 751
square miles, and the population
657,870. For fifteen years from the
date of the treaty, the Saar basin
was to be governed by commits
sion Of five, chosen by the League
of Nations. At the end of the fiji
teen years the population will de-
eide by plebiscite one of three al
ternatives, viz, the maintenance of
the rule set up in the treaty, union
with France, or union with Ger
many.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-02-02

In what year was 1.-THE Man Who
Played God" produced? Who were
in the cast?
The play was produced in 1922
with George Arliss, Ann Forrest,
Ivan Simpson, Edward Earle. Ef1e
Shannon, Miriam Battista, Mickey
Bennett, Mary Astor, Pierre Gend-
ron, Margaret Seldom and j. B.
Walsh in the cast.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-02-02
Daily Thought

Come, and let us return unto
the Lord; for He hath torn, and
He will heal us; He hath s1nitten,
and He will bind US up.-Hosea
6:1.
True repentance has a double
aspect; it looks upon things past
with a weeping eye, and upon the
future with a watchful eye.-Hosea
Ballou.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-02-02

Does warm water freeze quicker
than cold water?
Cooling a substance to its freez-
ing point simply means reducing its
temperature. Since cold water al
ready has lower temperature than
hot water. It is natural that it
should freeze quicker.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-02-02

Chicago gangster wrote song in jail while
awaiting trial. All he needs now is an acquittal
to plug It,
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-02-02

To the perpetual inebriate, nothing succeeds like
excess
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-02-02

The stock market plays no favorites in making
riches and wretches
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-02-02

who is as reactionary Young. If both should be
nominated by their respective parties. the plain peo
pie couldn't win and might as well go fishing on
election day.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-02-02
where are Goldfish found?


A common Goldfish ranges in
American waters from Cape Hat
teraS to Greenland. being especially
abundant of the coast of the mid
die states, New England and Cam
ada. On the coast of Europe the
cod fishing grounds are from the
Bay Of Biscay north to Spitzbergen.
The Alaska cod frequents the Ber-
ing sea and the northern Pacific.
They occur in abundance about the
Aleutian islands and in the Okhotsk
sea.
What is the nationality and
meaning of the name Barber?
The name is an English surname,
meaning "son of Bardolph," origi-
nally from the Teutonic bard mean
ing bright wolf"
What are the first ten amend
ments to the American Constitution
called?
Bill Of Rights.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-02-02

How long is the Zambesi river in
Africa?
1t is estimated about 1900 miles.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-02-02
ANGA ANIL Lands

NOWN in New York those producers who have
~ been shoveing filth across the footlghts are
sending out signals because the public stomach
has rebeed and horrible plays are being given the
hook
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1931-09-04

that were much better than we pos
sess today. By ordinary reasoning one
would say that these things injure
the teeth, but we must go back OF
that to find the trouble. Our grand
mothers and great grandmothers ate
food that was coarse and rough, which
secured the teeth and gums and at
the same time supplying the necessary
minerals and vita<nins TO keep the
teeth and gums healthy. ~
Teeth and gums need to work to
keep healthy just as does every other
part of the body. Food that slips down
easily is not well masticated. gives
the teeth no work at grinding, which
they are made to do. Foods that re-
quire a great deal of chewing are
needed for healthy teeth Corn bread,
nuts, apples-skins and all-green,
fresh vegetables, such as cabbage, let
tuce, celery, green onions. all need to
be well chewed; this is not all; they
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1931-09-04

Education Is not al matter Of school
or college. Those merely are places
where facilities for education are
grouped and made more available. But
all anyone needs for education Is am
bition and perseverance. 1t Isl hard
to see how anyone can avoid GER
tain amount of education in these
days. It was not so long ago that
dweller in rural community had to
depend mainly upon his imagination
to tell him what foreign lands looked
like or what good music might be. He
never heard he voice of a really prom
iinent foreigner, or even OF the lead
ing thinkers of his own country. To-
day, the movies bring him the atmos-
,phere Of foreign lands. He is as well
acquainted with the appearance or
the great buildings of the world as he
is with that of his own barn. He
knows how the people of distant coun-
tries look, move and act. On the ra-
do, he hears the best music, the best
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1931-09-04

the urchin wanted to walk he thrust
out his feet on one side till they
touched something, where they stuck.
and held there, it is said, by drawing
out the air under them: then he
pulled himself along.
One Of the most interesting things
is the way the sea urchin grows. The
baby sea urchin Is about as big as
the dot you make over small /. You
can just see it moving slowly about in
the water; but with a microscope 1t
proves to be an elegant little crea-
ture, of the oldest shape, perhaps
more like a painters easel than any
thing else. 1t is made of clear, CLASSY
looking rods, with rose-colored tips
on some of the upper ones, and COW
cred with little specks that reflect
light, and made it very brilliant. 1t
moves about by waving in the water
fringes of delicate hairs, ella the
books call them, and it is so very
small that the waving of hairs will
move it about.
How do you suppose the sea urchins'
delicate shell house gets bigger? He
never has but one, and when he was
the size of pin-head it was not too
big for him, and when he is as large
as teacup it still fits him. Let me
tell you. When the owner lived in it
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1931-09-04

two girls across the court. Their win
dow also was open; the light blazing.
They were girls the man never had
seen before and their conversation
was plainly audible. Their idea was
that it was too hot to stay In and
that somewhere there must be man
who would take them to a night club.
They telephoned couple without sue
cess. Finally, one of the girls said:
swell, tell him as soon as he comes
in to call Dorothy" And she gave
her number.
This was enough for the listener. He
went into his living room, where he
has a telephone which doesn't go
through any apartment switchboard,
and he called that number. He got it.
SIS this Dorothy?" he said. swell,
Dorothy, it sure is good to talk to you
again. suppose you heard the old
man finally left me a million. Think
of it, And you and used to have
so much fun on so little. But now
wen show them some speed, won't
we, Dorothy. Don't be silly. OF course
you know who this is. Do you mean
to tell me after all the trouble have
had getting your number that you
don't even remember my voice. I'd
never forget your voice. Oh, well,
what's the use?" And he hung up the
receiver and went back into the bed
room.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1931-09-04

are rich in the elements needed for a
healthy body.
Recent research has taught us that
tooth decay is observed where vita
min G is lacking. DR.. Milton 7. Hanke
of the University of Chicago in his
study of the average American diet,
showed it to be deficient in this yalu-
able vitamin G. The reason for this
is that this particular vitamin is very
unstable, is easily destroyed by cook
ing and it appears that the body can
not store up this vitamin for any
length Of time, SO we need our new
supply daily.
Both orange and lemon juice con-
tain liberal quantities of vitamin G,
also green vegetables as we'll as 9TH
er fruits.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1931-09-04
MyNeigbbor
Says: ~

EASONING added to the water In
~ which a ham is being boiled help
give a delicious. savory meat. The
amounts can be varied to suit the
taste. but the following kinds and pro-
portions are satisfactory for one ham:
Two carrots, diced; one small onion
stuck with several cloves; stalk or
two of celery, diced; one sprig of pars-
ley. and few pepper-corns.
If apples or tomatoes are pricked
with a fork before baking they. will
not break open while cooking.
When you are cleaning a room
make some powdered whitening into
q thin paste with cold water and
smear this mixture over the panes
with a piece of rag. When dry lightly
rub off and polish the glass with clean
busters. The window is thus cleaned
easily and quickly.
Four cupfuls of -four equal one
pound.
(Copyright.)--WNU Service.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1931-09-04
Motor Buses SuppIant
Ancient Railroad

Motor BUSES have supplanted the
service provided by the first steam
railroad line operated in the United
States and its abandonment has been
recommended to the interstate conn
merce commission. The line, % miles
long, was constructed by the Della
ware & Hudson railroad in 1928 be-
tween Carbondale and Honesdale,
Pa, to transport "stone COAL" as
anthracite was then known. The
Stourbridge Lion, first steam locomO-
tive operated in the United States.
was taken for a trial run on the line
in August, 1929. The test run showed
that the rails, wooden stringers
capped with rolled iron strips. were
not strong enough to sustain the loco
motive and the steam engines were
abandoned until the roadbed was
strengthened several years later.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1931-09-04
Lights Of New York ~ R Rsuasg1z

orators, the best comedians, the keen
est thinkers. Good roads and automo-
biles bring newspapers and magazines
to his door, and enable him to travel
in few nours to places which 1t
would have taken his grandfather
days and weeks to reach. Mans view
point has widened to the extent that
Re is obliged to absorb general knowl-
edge, whether he has any ambition
to educate Himself or not. And as for
New York, the city is an education
in itself.
At Daruma's, tn. Japanese restau-
rant on Sixth avenue, the waiter puts
a gas ring on the table, places sauce
pan on the ring. and proceeds to cook
your food in it. He then gives you
pair of chopsticks and leaves you
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1931-09-04

to do the best you can. There is
trick in eating with chopsticks. You
place one stick in the hollow between
the thumb and first finger and press
the tip of the third finger firmly
against it. This holds it rigid. The
other chopstick, held by the ball of
the thumb and the first two fingers,
is movable. Once you master the
technique. eating with chopsticks be-
comes fairly easy. But until you get
good at it the safest thing is to tuck
your napkin under your chin.
He has sitting room, bed room,
and bath on court, and misplaced
sense of humor. One hot night. he de-
cided to retire early. AS he entered
his bedroom, in which no light was
lit. he saw through the open window
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1931-09-04

and it is round in shape, fiattened on
top exactly like common white tur-
nip. These boxes are found in num-
Der of sizes, from little to big, the size
of a pea to as big as the top of a
drinking glass, and in some parts of
the world as big as dinner plate.
In this elegant house lived very
strange fellow called sea urchin.
His mouth opened on the under side
of his body, where the larger hole is
in the shell, and at that point he had
five big teeth, quite able to cut his