davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-15
Fear of Comets

NOMETS always have been tbe
~ cause of a great deal of super
stitiouS fear. Shakespeare noted
this fact when he wrote:
When beggars die there are no
comets seen,
The heavens themselves blaze forth
the death of princes"
In 1910, many Chinese villagers
shot off fireworks with the hope OF
driving off Halley'S comet.
1t is interesting to compare these
simple villagers of the Orient with
the story of Masani Nagata, the
Japanese amateur who has discov-
cred the most recent telescopic
comet.
Nagata, the foreman on a melon
ranch in the Imperial valley Of
California, follows astronomy as a
hobby. Here is the material for a
sermon.
In the United States many people
believed that the comet of 1872
foretold the war Of that year and
that Donati's comet in 1858 her
aided the Civil war.
In ancient times, the nature Of
comets was completely misunder-
stood. Many of the old philosophers
did not realize that they were as
Economical objects but regarded
them as some sort of supernatural
tsh or dragons swimming around
IN the earth's atmosphere.
There are many old records which
give exaggerated descriptions of
comets as blood-red, dripping fire
or blood. taking the form of a hand
holding a flaming sword, and so on.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-15
Prison Labor

Once again the great state OF Indiana
goes to the court to fight for the privilege
of selling prison made goods in competition
with free labor
That really means, in this state, the right
of the firms which hire the labor Of convicts
at few cents a day to sell in competition
with those who, as long as they keep run
ming, must pay enough wages to enable their
workers to come back the next day.
One Of the last states to continue the me-
dieval practice of contract prison labor,
Indiana fights most viciously for the reten-
ton of all that goes with the contract system
under which foremen for private firms prac-
tically replace disciplinary officers of the
state in the control Of prisoners.
At the same time the state ignores en-
tirely the law of the state that the labor Of
prisoners shall be used for those things
needed by the different units of state gov
eminent and to be sold to them at cost.
How far this has gone may be judged
from the fact that the thousands of catalogs
of prison-made goods printed for distribu-
ton among state and county and township
officials have been destroyed and no longer
is any effort made to induce these officials
to obey the law.
The cost to the people is two-fold. 1t
costs in supporting prisoners for the benefit
of prison contractors, and it costs in higher
prices for things that could be manufactured
for the state.
The prison problem, in these days of the
great experiment, is becoming more diff
cult Every prison is overcrowded. Every
prison has problem in providing work.
And it is highly essential that work be fur
nished to imprisoned men. Idleness is more
difficult inside prisons than without 1t
drives to desperation. 1t causes outbreaks
and tragedy. 1t leads to Madness It in
creases the whole prison problem.
This state passed what was believed to be
an ideal law when provision was made that
prison labor should be used upon things that
could be used by government. That took out
some of the competition with free labor. At
it's worst, it reduced taxes for free labor.
The trouble is that officials who use their
purchasing power to keep themselves hf
office or obtain perquisites never followed the
law.
So it happens that prison labor under
contract system, is used to compete with fac
tories that give employment. The competl-
ton is becoming too keen Continued, it
means that the law-abiding will lose their
jobs that contractors may profit on the
labor Of the disorderly.
AS expected, under the limited social view
point of our present administration of pub
lie affairs, Indiana fights for the prison con-
tractor instead of the employer of free labor.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-15
Nature of Comets

A BOUT 500 comets have been
1 n recorded since 1900. Most Of
these, however, are telescope COM
cts. The telescope picks up about
i've comets year, although eleven
were discovered in 1925.
When a comet is first picked I'D
by means of a telescope it appears
only as big star-like spot of light.
usually with fuzzy or hazy appear
ance.
This will surprise many people
who always think of a comet as a
Star-l1ke body with a long tail.
The tail develops only as the
comet approaches the sun, so that
when the comet is receding from
the neighborhood of the sun the tail
does not trail behind the head, but
extends in front of it, stretching
out in the same direction that the
comet is moving.
AS the comet fades into the dis
lance the tail grows smaller again
and finally disappears.
The head Of a comet is divided
into two parts, a small fright center
called the nucleus, and surround
ing this, fuzzy, hay mass called
the coma.
The volume of a comet is enor-
nous. The diameter of the coma
will range from 10000 to 10000
miles as rule. The nucleus, how
ever, rarely exceeds 500 miles in
diameter.
Most enormous of all is the tail,
which may range from 100000 to
100000 miles In length.
But while the volume Of a comet
is great, the amount of matter
composing it is small. This is ap-
parent from the. large amount by
which comet is DETECTED from its
original path by the gravitational
pull of one Of the larger planets
when it happens to pass near such
planet.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-15
The Doctor SDeakS

OUCH a breathless suspense as
~ there was when Horse Doctor
Doyle took the stand, such a craning
of necks and cupping of ears.
You'd have thought a Sampson
was about to pull one of the main
props from under Tammany Hall.
Indeed, some people expected no
less.
But all the horse doctor had to
say was, 81 did not ever give bride
to a public official"
And about all Chief Counsel Sea-
bury had to say was, "are you now
trif1ing with the committee, Or are
you giving a serious and truthful
answer"
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-15
DoyIo'S Millions
HORSE DOCTOR DOYLE has
4 4 been made to talk at last.

G. NNNSS
4 4 been made to talk at last.
You remember the horse doctor,
of course, who acquired such a
reputation as the friend of dumb
animals that he was able to collect
some 100000 in fees for getting
garage and filling station permits
from the New York City board of
standards.
You remember, also, how he was
supposed to have split those fees
with somebody how he was called
before the legislative investigating
committee, how he refused to an
swer any aRd all questions with
regard to fee-spliting on the ground
that it might incriminate him to do
so, how he was held in contempt,
sentenced to thirty days in Jail and
all that.
Well, after the appellate court
had upheld his sentence, he decided
to answer such questions as the
court said he must to purge himself
Of the contempt charge.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-15
Three Millions Jobs

Two new moves are being made to eradicate child
labor.
The American Federation of Labor executive COM
mites has voted to press the child labor amendment
in the fortytwo states whose legislatures have failed
to act. The White House conference committee on
vocational guidance and child labor has announced
set OF minimum standards for children
No child under l6 should leave school for work.
we are told boys and girls of 10 and II should be
forbidden to enter hazardous occupatonseor work
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-15
ROOS0V0It'S PLIGHT

TNHOUGH compelled to take the
L horse doctors word for it, the
committee has petitioned Governor
Roosevelt to call special session
of the legislature for the purpose
of giving it more complete power to
deal with such witnesses.
This petition was approved by the
five Republicans and opposed by the
four Democrats on the committee.
Keeping in mind that Governor
Roosevelt is Democrat, with good
chances for the presidential nomi-
nation next year, that the commit
tee is investigating a Democratic
administration in New York City,
with the hope of finding something
rotten, you should be able to infer
the rest.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-15

pealed to me as a youth and still
whetS my interest. I refer TO the
lack of descriptive writing.
The man who dashed out these
top-speed tales for popular con-
sumption had no time to indulge
in word pictures about sunsets, des-
ert country or old manor houses.
Somebody had to bite the dust in
every other paragraph, and scenery
was not allowed to slow up the
action.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-15
COuragn | ackinp

NTHEN you think of what people
w are committing suicide for,
or murder, Or a multitude of lesser
crimes, you can't escape the con-
clusion that there is a widespread
disposition to regard even small dis
comforts and inconvenience as
calamitieS.
And when you hear all the chatter
about self-expression, easy divorce
hooch parties and the inalienahle
right of people to do as they darn
please, no matter who gets hurt, you
can't help wondering whether We
haven't lost something not only by
way of convictions, but by way OF
courage to back them up.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-15
SCIENCE
.BY DAVID DIETZ.

Astronomers Are Hopeful
That Another Great Comet
Soon WM Appear in the
HedUenS.
4 BIG comet. visible to the un-
IA aided eye, is a spectacular
sight, its great tail stretching mag
nif1cently across the sky. Astren-
omers. as was mentioned in this
column recently, think such a comet
may show up in the near future.
This view is based on the law OF
averages. Professor j. j. Nassau.
director of the Warner g. Swasey
observatory of Case School Of APP
piled Science, tells how astron-
omers arrive at it.
Astronomical records record the
appearance of about 400 comets be-
fore the invention of the telescope.
These comets were obviously visible
to the unaided eye since the tele-
scope had not yet been invented.
The telescope first was turned
upon the heavens by Calico in 1909.
The comet record goes back to
about 1000 B. G.
This means, therefore, that in
twenty-six centuries there we're 400
comets visible to the unaided eve.
This would be an average of fifteen
or sixteen to a century.
Now the present century has had
only three naked-eye cometS-the
Moorehouse comet in 1908, Halley's
comet in 1910 and Brooks comet
in 1911.
Twenty years have elapsed since
a big comet decorated the sky. That
Is why astronomers are hopeful
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-15
Good Government

WTE talk great deal about good
w government. In fact, you can
hardly find any one who admits
being against it.
There probably is no one issue
on which We are agreed so thor
oughly in principle.
But somehow we don't seem able
to get very good government. AT
least, that's what one gathers from
listening to politicians.
Maybe, the fault goes deeper than
politics. Maybe, we're all suffering
from the same trouble that af1icts
the cotton growers. Maybe we're
not willing to make the necessary
sacrifices.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-15
u. S. Matching

DOLIIICS IS politics, except to a
L few outstanding men.
During the next few days you
will learn whether Governor Roose-
welt should be counted among them.
The question put up to him by
this Republican-controlled commit
tee is not an easy one.
If he stands by the committee
he is almost sure to ALLEVIATE pow
erful influences in Tammany Hall,
though he undoubtedly would make
millions of friends throughout the
country.
It's good government versus the
game.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-15
-EZZZGSSSSSm
R1qoAVF b4Tk4eH
ANNIVERSARY
HILL 20 CAPTURED

aug. 10
ON Aug. Is, 1917, Canadian troops
" captured Hill 20, dominating
the important French coal city of
Lens. Hill 70 had been declared by
the Germans to be impregnable.
Fighting was terrific in this sec
tor, and the Canadians took posi-
tons on a two-mile front south and
east of the city.
On the same date the United
States Food Administration, a $780,
100000 corporation, the purpose of
which was to buy and sell wheat
for the government, was organized.
Also on this date Herr Won
Waldow became food controller in
Germany. succeeding Won Batocki.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-15

Is Notre Dame college the same
as University of Notre Dame?
The University of Notre Dame is
located at Notre Dame, Ind. There
are Notre Dame colleges at South
Euclid, O., and Baltimore, Md, list
ed in Patterson's Educational Direc-
tory for 1881. -
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-15
more than forty-four hours week; none should work

II0Ie v1Ia HOuIs week; none Should work
at night.
In the meantime, than 100000 children
under l6 are gainfully employed nearly 100000 ado
escents Of Is and II are at work in factory mill
and farm
Only six states have passed the child labor
amendment to give the federal government the right
to regulate or prohibit the work of children under
l8 With millions of adults out of work for nearly
three years it seems that the ant-child labor drive
might have been started sooner But now we can
make up for lost time
Every years delay in adopting this fundamental
reform piles greater blame upon society for connv-
ing at the social crime Of exploiting children and
depriving adults of the right to work
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-15
By DR.. MORRIS FTSHBETN
Editor. Journal of the American Medical
Association and of Hygeia, tie
Health Magazine.


4 MOTHER chemical substance OF
L n which little thus far has been
said, but which is of the greatest
Importance in the human diet, is
salt.
Salt is a mixture of sodium, one
of the basic elements, and chlorine.
The chemical is sodium chloride.
Sodium is also found in substances
much used in cooking and in medi-
cine. For example, baking soda is
sodium bicarbonate.
1t has been estimated that the
average man takes in about one
half ounce of sodium chloride every
day. In the body, sodium salts are
found in the blood and in other
fluids. A lower concentration of
sodium salts is available in the
muscles and in the organs.
The amount of salt in the tissues
is regulated to some extent by the
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-15

Ideals and opinions expressed
in this column are those Of
one Of Americas most inter-
esting writers and are pre-
sented without regard to their
agreement or disagreement
with the editorial attitude Of
this Daper.-The Editor.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-15
Daily Thought

But watch thou in all things, en-
dure Affections, do the work Of
an evangelist, make full proof Of
thy ministry.-Timothy Ais.
1t is the best thing for a stricken
heart to be helping others.-A. H. K.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-15
DAILY HEALTH SERVICE--
Salt, Iodine Essential to Health

This is the sixteenth Of a series OF
thirty-six timely articles by DR.. Nor
ris Fishbein on Good Truths and Fol-
lies dealing with such much discussed
but little known subjects as Galleries,
vitamins. minerals. digestion and bal
anced diet.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-15

We Don't Seem Able to Get
very Good Government.
Maybe We're Not Willing
to Make the Necessary Sac
rifceS.
SAYS:

10 Make me Necessary Sac
rifceS.
NEW YORK, Aug. 15.-No matter
how tough their lot may be in other
respects, cotton growers do not face
the slightest possibility of suffering
for lack of relief plans.
The farm boards suggestion that
they plow under every third row
has led to a veritable deluge of
counter proposals.
Only to mention a few, Senator
Caraway of Arkansas proposes that
the farm board buy 7,OO0,00 bales
Of this years crop, at 8 cents a
pound, or more, from growers who
will agree not to plant cotton next
year.
John R. Pope of Austin. Tex, pro-
poses that the farm board sell to
each grower one bale at 6 cents a
pound for every two he plows
under, with the idea that the profit
he could make on it would help
overcome his loss.
j. E. Mundy, Georgia legislator,
proposes that every third member
OF the farm board be plowed I'M
Ger
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-15
England, Ark, Remembers

Last winter the people of England, Ark, learned
how it felt to be hungry; learned the misery of
waiting for help from government willing to feed
their CATTLE but unwilling to feed the learned the
hardship of waiting for food from Red Gross that
doled it out bit by bit, and never enough.
This week the farmers and merchants of England
filed six trucks with food and vegetables and sent
them to Henryetta, Okla, that the folks who are
hungry this year need not suffer as they suffered
Though it may not have been meant that way,
no more singing comment could have been made
the sort of relief which was administered last
year This poor community would hardly have sent
its generous gift unless it had realized better than
any one else, the need for it.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-15

The man who goes fishing on Sunday feels guilty
as a grnman, because he has rod in his hands
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-15

Most folks says the Office sage, spend their vaca-
lions spending
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-02
Marine Corps Orders
The following changes are announced

The following changes are announced
Lieut.. Col. Maurice E. Shearer-De-
tached, Cavite, Philippine Islands, to
the Department of Pacific.
Lieut.. Col. Walter N. Hill-Orders
detaching this officer from headquar-
tiers, Marine Corps, Washington, D. O.
to Charleston, S. c., dated February
10. 1881, revoked.
Mai. Sydney S. Lee-Orders detacn-
ing this officer from Guantanamo Bay
Cuba, to Washington, ID. C.. dated Fep-
ruary 16, 1881, revoked.
Mai. Samuel A. Woods, jr.-Orders &c
Paris Island, S. C., modihed, ana or
dered to Cuantico. va.
Can't. Ton E. Wicks-Detached, Pearl
Harbor, T. H., to San Diego, Calf.
Capt Joseph l. Nettekoven-Detach-
ed Ouantico, Va, to Guam, via U. S. s
Henderson, sailing Hampton Roads
First Lieut.. Harold D. Harris-De-
tached, Quantico, Va, to South Charles
First Lieut.. James E. stanners-De-
tached. South Charleston, w. Va, to
headquarters, Marine Corps, Washing
ton, d. G.
First Lieut.. Leo Healey-Died Febru-
airy IT, 1881.
Second Lieut.. Raymond F. Crist, jr.-
Detached, Quantico. Va, to Asiatic Sta
ton. via u. S. S. Henderson, sailing
Hampton Roads, March II, 1881.
Second Lieut.. Earl S. Piper-Detach-
ed. Ouantico, Va, to Asiatic Station
via U. S. S. Henderson, sailing Hamp-
ton Roads, March II, 1881.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-02
FILIPINOS PLEDGE HELP
TO BICENTENNIAL FETE

A resolution indorsing and pledging
fullest cooperation to the George
Washington Bicentennial was adopted
Saturday evening by the Filipino Fed
Grafton of America
Speakers at a dinner rendered DR..
Hilario Gamma Moncado. president of
the international organization, included
Senator King of Utah, DR.. w. c. John
stone, professor of political science at
George Washington University: Charles
Edward Russell, author; /. M. Capayas,
president of the Visayan Circle: Leon
Arboliras, vice president of that organi-
cation; James Wingo, staff correspond
ent of the Filipino Nation; Simon Fori-
mas, Filipino publicist; Mrs. L. w. Mar
tin, chairman of the Vivisection League
Of America; Clyde Tavenner, editor of
the Philippine Republic Diosdado M.
zap, managing editor of the Philippine
Journal: Martin Ramos and Nemesio E.
Jason of the Washington branch OF the
Filipino Federation. v. Navarro, secre-
tary of the legal department of the or
ganization, and DR.. Moncado.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-02
MEEKER TO DISCUSS
JOBLESS PROBLEMS
Address at Y. M. G. A. Also Open
to Women-Spitzer to Give Voca-
tional Guidance Lecture.

Problems of employment will be dis
cussed in simultaneous lectures tonight
at 8 o'clock at the Central Y. M. c. A.
Building. 1885 G street.
Royal Meeker. formerly United States
commissions of labor statistics, will
"Is There a Solution to the Unemploy-
ment Problem? under auspices of the
Alumni Association of Southeastern
University. Women as well as men are
invit:d.
Ernest j. Splitter, chat the vo-
cational guidance commit e XII
wants Club, will discuss introduction
and the Business Executive" in the first
of series of seven weekly vocational
guidance forums" arranged jointly by
the Y. NJ. c. A. and the Kiwanis Club.
This lecture will be held in the Sir
George Williams room, on the second
floor.
In announcing the series of vocational
guidance lectures the Y. M. c. A.
STATED: I'm this period of unrest and
unemployment the "Y" believes that If
all men look to the future in outlining
their lifes work. they will contribute
much to the future stability of the
Nation
All young men who are undecided
about their future are urged by the Y.
NJ. C. A. to attend the series of discus
sions.
Seventy miles of railways in Austria
were electrified last year.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-02
JUDGE SELLERS TO SPEAK

Judge Kathryn Sellers of the Juvenile
Court will give rsun1e of her work at
a meeting of the Force School Parent
Teacher Association this evening at 8
o'clock.
The newly remodeled cafeteria of the
Force School will be open for inspec-
ton it was announced. DR.. Frank Bal
lou, superintendent of schools, and w.
c. Fowler have been invited to attend.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-02
THREE AUTOS BURNED

District Government Garage Near
Tenth and N Streets Damaged.
Three automobiles were destroyed and
IL others badly damaged by fire that
occurred in a garags Of the District
government, in alley between Ninth and
Tenth and n and o streets, about IL AS
O'Clock last night. It is believed the fire
resulted from -circuiting Of electric
wires.
through the garage proved a severe
handicap TO f1remen. Amount OF dam
age will be determined later.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-02
PARIS VISITOR TO SPEAK
University Women to Hear Pierre
de Lanux at Dinner.

Pierre de Lanux will be the principal
speaker Wednesday evening at dinner
at the headquarters of thu American
Association of University Women. He
is director of the Paris information
office of the League of Nations Associa-
ton. under whose auspices he is travel
ing in this country While in Washing
ton, h will be the guest of Mrs. Arthur
Billiard.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-03-02

Seventy miles of railways in Austria
were electrified last year