davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-10-31

three-quarter hours. Workers have been en-
couraged to work right through the noon lunch
hour eating at the machines, which made
working day Of nine and three quarter hours
but up to six months ago the extra hour was
paid for at one and half times the usual rate.
Within the last six months, the overtime rate
has been cut out, making nine and three-quar-
tiers at straight time Children over IA but
under 16 and Is years of age have been work.
ing on machines from which they are supposedly
barred under the child labor law. The 48-hour
law for women workers has also been violated
This man went into details on his personal
situation He is 80 years DID, with wife and
eight children five Of them under IL years Of
age and none of them earning anything. Though
his earnings in good" week ran as high as
$27, short time and bad" weeks had resulted in
his earning during the last year only $525.
His rent amounted to $3.50 per week. Once
when it rained, the ceiling fell in, injurlng his
wife. Even after borrowing $3.50, he had been
obliged to apply for charitable aid. He was only
able to get meat once week for his family
which also did not get enough milk, fruit or
green vegetables. 4"
The full report on Lawrence conditions now
being prepared by Con1rade de Leon will be
issued shortly BY Labor Research Association.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-10-31

TN sO-CALLED CIVILIZATION ruled by the dirty selfish
of capitalists with Tammany Democrats and Hoover
Republicans trading off offices with another and pro-
ducng huge bank accounts out of "tnboxes in short in
corrupt capitalist society, workers-que lot indeed
cannot that the Communist Party is DIFFERENT.
Some will say:
"Aw if the Communists would get elected they'd graft
too"
That's mistake but it's natural for those who see
every other political party, Republican Democrat and fake
Socialist crooked and who have NOT the Commu
mist Party IN ACTION.
Firstly, now where does graft from? From the
Big Boys that have the Dough- isn't it? That is from CAPT
taists Why do they bride politicians? To get for this
that capitalist not only profit but exra-bg profit
of subway contracts dock leases reetcar franchises rates
for electric and of course moonshne and other illegal
business One capitalist shuts another capitalist out by
bribing politician
But workers. that is only the surface of the capitalist
stink hole The BIG GRAFT is that ALL CAPITALISTS
that the CAPITALIST GLASS; have their political parties
and candidates. and them WELL not for this that little
racket, but to KEEP CAPITALISM IN POWER That the
manager of bus company slips the mayor cool 100000
for giving him franchise and shutting out rival capital
is that is only small potatoes. What is IMPORTANT is
that the mayor the governor the president and all the PO
LICE POWER of ARMED AUTHORITY, support the CAPT
talsts against the workers.
For there's only ONE WAY that any capitalist make
the he to bride the politicians and fill his
pockets-and THAT is by EXPLOITING THE LABOR
POWER OF WORKERS, by ROBBING THE WORKERS of
the values they produce OVER AND ABOVE WHAT is
PAID THEM IN WAGES.
The whole string of capitalist political parties including
the fake Socialists, supports this CAPITALIST SYSTEM
they support any government that LEGALZES THIS ROB-
Berry of the working class The fake socialists SAY they
don't support the robbery, but everywhere Germany
England, Poland and here in the American cities of Mil
waukee and Reading where they in office they PRO-
TECT it from the slightest demand of the workers The
socialists help the capitalists wages in the Pennsy
vania Hosiery Workers strike.
The Communist Party is different. 1t not only helps
the workers to win their demands for Unemploy
ment Insurance. Relief to organize strike against wage
cuts but it wants the workers to organize to PUT THE
WHOLE CAPITALIST SYSTEM OF ROBBERY OUT OF
BUSINESS!
The capitalists not afraid of the fake Socialists"
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-10-31
By V. /. LENTN.
written In 1919
TnStailnent Il,

BOURGEOIS writers have used up and are still
ID using IN reams Of paper to sing the praises OF
competition of private enterprise and OF the
other great virtues and charms Of the capital
lists and the capitalist system. They accuse the
socialists OF not wanting to understand the sig
niffcance of thees virtues and Of ignoring "hu-
man nature, But as matter of fact, capitalism
long ago destroyed small, independent commoa-
ito production under which competition could
to some extent, give free play to enterprise
energy. and bold initiative and replaced 1t by
large-scaIe factory production, joint stock COM
oanfes syndicates and other monopolies. Com
petition under this type of capitalism means that
the enterprise, energy and bold initiative Of the
masses Of the population, of the great majority
of 90 per cent of the toilers is brutally sup
pressed. 1t also means that competition is re-
placed BY financial swindling, despotisn, SER
Witty on the upper rungs of the social ladder
Socialism does not do away with competition,
on the contrary, it for the first time creates
the possibility of applying it on a really wide,
mass scale of ready drawing the vast majority OF
the toilers into work in which they can develop
their abilities, display their talents. which are
still an untapped source and which capitalism
has trampled on, crushed and strangled.
Nov that a socialist government is in power
we must organize competition,
Inc SpOIg6IS dllu AdAISCISSO4t Va C4AS SONA
geoise, portray socialist society as uniform, Of
fetal, naonotonous, drab barracks. The lackeys of
the money bags the flunkeys Of the exploiters,
lickspittIes the bourgeois intellectuals - raised
the bogey Of socialism in order to brighten" the
people, who under capitalism were doomed to the
hard labor and barracks OF drab and infinitely
tedious toll to life of senli-starvation and Sc
we're poverty. The first step towards emanacipat-
ing the toiiers from this hard labor is to confis-
cate the landowners land, to introduce workers
control to nationalize the banks The next steps
are: the naturalization of the factories and
mills, the compulsory organization of the entire
population in consumers co-operatives which will
simultaneously serve for the sale of goods and as
state monopoly Of the trade in grain and other
essential goods.
At Last the Workers Is Free!
Only now has the possibility for wide and
really mass display of enterprise, competition,
and bold initiative been created. Every factory
from which the capitalist has been elected or at
least put under restraint by real workers con-
troll, every village from which the landowner
exploiter has been smoked out, and in which his
land was confiscated, is now, and only now,
field in which the working man can reveal him
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-10-31
DISTRICT, SECTION AND UNIT
LITERATURE AGENTS

See that you are supplied with the following
literature: fs
For the Nov. 18th Campaign es
Gents
The Decisive Year, by IA. Heller. ....... 10
Anti-Soviet Lies and the Fiye-Year Plan, OK
by Max Bedacht 10
Soviet Dumping" Fable, by M. Litvinov....
Modern Farming-Soyiet Style, by Anna ...
Louise Strong 10
New Conditions-New Tasks, by j. Stain.
For All Ant-War Activities
War In the Far East, by Henry Hall. 10
Chemical Warfare, by Donald A. Cameron. 10 I,
The War of Intervention Against the Soviet =.
Union and the Second International, -.
by P. r. Dietrich. 10
War Preparations Against the Soviet Union. &,
by Marcel Cachin. ...................... ~
Revolutionary Struggle Against War Us. EN-
Pacifism, by Alex. Bittelman. .......,...
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-10-31

November Issue of "The Com
munist" Just Off the Press.
Special 14th Anniversary
- Number i
The Washington times., 1931-01-20
.34,266 At WORK
FOR CHEVROLET.

DETROIT, Jan. 20.-Employ-
ment in 20 Chevrolet plants in IL
cities in the week ended January
10 increased by 1851 men COM
pared with the previous week,
bringing the total employment
on that date to 1926. This repre-
sents a gain of 10000 men over
the total when production on the
new 1881 models was started in
November, and is largest force
employed since last spring.
With further additions to be
made this month, operating force
will reach the same level as in
the previous normal months. EN-
ployment in the company's Flint
factories total 1900, or only 1000
less than at peak production. A
comparable force is maintained
in Detroit at the gear and axle
factory. The spring plants are
now operating on day and night
shifts.
The Washington times., 1931-01-20

PLEA IS MADE

ALBANY, N. Y, Jan. 20 (U.SO'
Governor Roosevelt tonight called
upon the New York State legisla-
ture to create promptly a New
York State power authority to de-
velop the st. Lawrence River.
Governor Roosevelt assailed the
Niagara Hudson Power Company
by name and warned:
"The creation Of this super
utility deprived the State of its
rights to bargain with several
companies, and cOmpelS it to
bargain with this company
alone"
Presenting the features upon
which the majority and minority
reports are in accord and not in
accord, the governor exhorted the
legislature to weigh the recon-
mendations as he has done and
reach a prompt determination.
Both majority and minority re.
ports agreed that it would be
far more desirable to dispose of
the enormous power to be gen
Grated on the st. Lawrence under
contract to present utilities.
The Washington times., 1931-01-20
PRICE CUTTING
HIT AS EVIL

Industry must look to engineer
ing for a solution of its problems
Walter Rautenstrauch, professor
of industrial engineering in co
lumbia University, declared in
statement urging the application
of engineering technique to profit
making, made public at the Uni
versity.
"The great variety of Opin-
ions expressed by our economic
sOOth-sayers, the needless fol
lowing of sO-called jazz eco
nOmic principles at the time of
our Over-stimulated prosperity,
all indicate that there is not
yet any serious acceptance of
engineering procedure" PrOfes-
sor Rautenstrauch said. "The
business of profit making is
generally cvOnSidered an acqui-
sitive venture and not a crea-
tive enterprise.
"One of the first essentials to
raising the general level OF
profit-making is full and COM
pIete knowledge of the eco
nOHnic characteristics Of the
particular business dealt with.
The second essential to profit
making is the budget. Any buSl-
ness which has its essential
operations budgeted and is con-
trolIed through the beduget has
a greater chance for profits
than one which is not so Op-
Grated.
zone of the worst evils to
overcome is the practice of price
cutting in competitive bidding in
order to get enough orders to
keep the factory running. Busi-
ness obtained at present prices
in many cases barely pays the
overhead, and often leads to
wage reduction. The economics
of the whole situation is false,
and proIOngs the business de-
preston. Manufacturers must
make profits in order to keep
labor employed at high wages.
"The remedy is education. 1t
would be highly advantageous
for each industry to employ an
industrial economist to deter
mine the economic character
istics of the industry as whole,
and observe and report on eco
nOmic trends in the industry.
The results which some indus
tries have already accomplished
in scientific research should en-
courage them to do the same
thing in the field Of economic
research"
The Washington times., 1931-01-20
ASKS Law
To PUNISH

Summary removal of bank Of
ficers for mismanagement, and
penalizing of directors whose
banks fail, were proposed before
the Glass subcommittee OF the
Senate yesterday.
Comptroller of the Currency
J. w. Pole, the first witness at
subcommittee hearings, sponsored
the proposal to remove officers
He thought a Federal agency
should be empowered to do it.
Senator Carter Glass CD, OF
Virginia, heading the inquiry,
\ urged that directors be compelled
to foot more of the bills where
banks fail, with less burden on
stockholders divorced from direc'
ton of the banks affairs. Pole
agreed.
Both measures were put for
ward as means of checking bank
failures, which have numbered
more than 5000 in the last 10
years. The great bulk Of these
failures have been among small
country banks.
The subcommittee investiga,
tion, intended to be the most
sweeping since inauguration of
the Federal Reserve system II
years ago, deals especially with
means of strengthening the bank
ing system, exploring its relation
to Wall Street and shaping a
policy as to branch, chain and
group banking.
Pole admitted "some tendency
of banks to substitute direct loans
on securities for brokers' loans
They have treated their custom.
ers more literally than have the
brokers, he said.
H. Parker Willis, committee ad-
wiser, asked if as result bank
assets were more seriously "fro-
zen" than ever before. Pole re-
piled:
Probably not less SO."
Pole eSpouSed branch banking,
limited to the trade areas of the
cities in which the banks operate,
as the cure for banking weak
nesses where they exist.
Committee Chairman Norbeck
(RO, Of North Dakota. assailed
the branch system. Had the
$200,0O0,O00 Bank of the United
States which suspended in New
York had branches all over the
States, its collapse would have
been much worse, he declared.
Pole replied:
"Under the system 1 advocate,
such a bank would not be per-
mitted to have any branches"
Glass saw a danger" in what
he termed manipulation" by
which certain demand deposits
of banks. secured by a 10 per
cent reserve. were treated as
time deposits, backed by a re
serve of only per cent.
Sotiations are taking place.
The Washington times., 1931-01-20
Johnson to Pay
Bonus on Sales Gain

Counting 1880 as "low tide" in
American business, S. c, johnson
and Son of Racine, Wis, makers
of floor wax, enamels, lacquerS,
ETC., announced at their national
sales convention they would pay
an extra S per cent bonus on
all sales above those made in the
past year.
Other highlights of the 1881
program were: Continued full
time work for all employees; In
creased national advertising; in
PRODUCTION of new merchandising
methods; reduced prices on GER
tain products and attractive Of
ferS to retailers.
I'VE are going ahead with
complete confidence in the fu-
ture," said the cOmpany's state
ment. I'VE are entering the
new year with a most aggres-
sive and extensive sales and
advertising program and Will
do everything possible to aid in
the revival of business gen.
orally"
The Washington times., 1931-01-20
PLANT ACTIVITY
OFF IN MONTH

Manufacturing operations in the
United States in December de.
clined So per cent from Novem-
ber and 14.8 per cent from De-
cember, 1929, it is revealed in fig
ures compiled by Electrical World
on electrical energy consumed in
more than $500 plants throughout
the country. For the IL months
of 1880, industrial activity fell 14.6
per cent from the level established
in the year 1929.
If allowance is made in each in
dustry for seasonal characteris-
tics, the average shows almost no
change; the reduction was not
more than normal. Standing out
against the general decline, the
automobile industry, including the
manufacture of parts and acces-
sories, gained 3.3 per cent.
The Washington times., 1931-01-20
SUGAR OFFICIAL
On WAY BACK

PARIS, Jan. 2O.-Thomas L.
Chadbourne, chairman of the
Cuban-American sugar delegation.
left yesterday for London and
will return to New York on the
Majestic, which sails Wednesday.
Mr.. Chadbourne stated agree
ments Of the seven exporting
countries - Czechoslovakia. Ger
many, Poland. Hungary, Belgium,
Java and Cuba-has been pre-
pared in final form and awaits
only formal signatures after legal
aspects Of contracts have been
threshed out. For all practical
purposes the agreement began
January / and runs for five years.
It may be changed or disbanded
only by unanimous vote Of all
parties.
Meetings are scheduled in Lon
don with British, Argentine and
Russian sugar interest with a
view to keeping them in a status
quo with respect to sugar acr age
and as non-exporting countrise, so
that nationwide agreement
may result in better prices.
Mr.. Chadbourne expects to re.
turn here from Cuba and the
United States at the end of Feb
ruary. Cuban interests state that
the final agreement is most salts
factory.
The Washington times., 1931-01-20
IntL Comb b.-BGLdUin
Deal Looked For

Interests identified with the re-
organization plans for Inter
national Combustion Engineering
Corporation are making efforts
to interest several large manu-
facturers in allied lines in their
company, it was learned today.
Representatives Of the Baldwin
Locomotive Works have recently
been conferring with these in
terests.
Baldwin officials stated there
had been some informal talk with
Combustion representatives look
ing to the acquisition of an inter
est in the latter company by Bald
win, but the matter had not
Aaaached a stage where formal ne
The Washington times., 1931-01-20
Mexico Irrigation
Tract Soon to Omen

MEXICO CITY, Jan. 2O.-Cul-
tivation of the first 1900 hec-
tares Of the territory in Northern
Mexico irrigated by the new Don
Martin dam is scheduled to be-
gin on February /, when this
land will be parceled out to the
first colonistS.
Meanwhile construction of ana
huac," the town that is to serve
the region being opened up by
irrigation facilities, is continuing
"Anahuac" was the original name
for the Valley of Mexico, where
Mexico City is located.
The Washington times., 1931-01-20
PRICES Of FOOD
SHOW DECLINE
IN MONTH
Retail Food Prices Reported
Off in December; Experts
Set Decrease at 3 P. C.

Retail food prices in the United
States, as reported to the Bureau
of Labor Statistics of the United
States Department of Labor
showed a decrease of about 3 pei
cent on December Is, 1880, wher
compared with November Is
1880, and a decrease of about IL
per cent since December is, 1929
The bureaus weighted index mum
bers, with average prices in 1915
as 1000, were 1880 for Decem
ber Is, 1929, 141.4 for November
Is, 1880, and 1872 for December
1880.
Decrease Noted
During the month from Novem
ber Is, to December Is, % articles
on which monthly prices were Sc
cured decreased as follows: Or
anges, 80 per cent; strictly fresh
eggs, IA per cent; butter, 6 pei
cent; lard and navy beans, 5 per
cent; pork chops, fresh milk, and
pruneS, 4 per cent; sliced bacon
hens, cheese, flour, macaroni, and
canned tomatoes, 2 per cent; sir
loin steak, round steak, rib roast
sliced ham, leg Of lamb, vegetable
lard substitute, rice, canned corn
canned peas, coffee, raisins, and
bananas, l per cent; and chuck
roast, and oleomargarine less
than five-tenths of l per cent
One article, cabbage, increased 8
per cent. The following 13 artl
cles showed 10 change in the
month: Plate beef, canned rec
salmon, evaporated milk, bread
cornmeal, rolled oats, cornflakeS
wheat cereal, potatoes, onions
pork and beans, sugar, and tea.
Wholesale Cut, Too
The index number of wholesale
prices computed by the Bureau
shows a further recession in De
cember. This index number, which
includes $50 price quotations
weighted according to tho i'm,
portance of each article and based
on prices in 1926 as 1000. de
cljned from 80.4 in November to
1874 in December, decrease OF
21a per cent. The purchasing
power of the 1926 dollar in De
cember was $1.276.
Farm products as a group de,
creased S per cent below the
November level, due 10 lower
prices for corn, hogs, cotton, eggs,
flaxseed, hay, onions and oranges.
Most grains, including oats, rye
and wheat, also beef cattle and
lambs, on the other nand, aver
aged somewhat higher than in
November.
Foods were AZ per cent lower
than in November, with declines
in butter, cured meats, lard, cof-
fee, sugar and cornncal: Rye
and meat, flour in most markets,
averaged higher than III the
month before. while fresh beef
was practically unchanged in
price.
The Washington times., 1931-01-20
Farm Agency Meet
To Omen ThursdGu

ROCKVILLE. Nd, Jan. 20.
o. w. Anderson, county agri-
cultural agent, and Albert A. Ady,
assistant agent, will be among the
speakers discussing special topics
at the Thursday afternoon session
Of the annual conference of the
extension service of the Univer.
Sity of Maryland, in cooperation
with the United States Depart
ment Of Agriculture.
Mr.. Anderson will discuss poul-
try, while Mr.. Ady will tell of the
projects and activities to be en-
phasized in All Club work in 1881.
The Washington times., 1931-01-20

representatives in work of a civic
nature.
Mr.. Smith promoted the an
nual baseball contests between
the Police and Fire Departments
and it was largely through his
untiring efforts that the first of
these games was a financial sue.
cess. Proceeds from the sale OF
tickets are devoted to the welfare
funds of the departments.
The first of these annual Labor
Day events netted approximately
$4,000. Their place in the scheme
of things locally and their grow.
ing Importance is shown by the
increasingly large sums which
have been realized until gate re-
ceipts in recent seasons have
totaled $4,000 and $4,000.
Mr.. Smith has been a resident
of the District since 1889. He
was born in New York city
March 16, 1868. He is treasurer
of the Norfolk and Washington
Steamship Company, president of
Norment, Smith, Fuller & Co.,
Inc. realtors; secretary of the
Home Mutual Building and Loan
Association, and treasurer of
Glenwood Cemetery. He is a
director of the National Bank of
Washington, joining that institu.
ton following the merging of the
Central National Bank with it in
1901. He is chairman of the pub.
lie order committee of the Wash.
ington Board. of Trade and is a
member of the University Club
and a number of other organiza.
tionS.
The Washington times., 1931-01-20
WARD BAT TIE
FOR CONTROL
LOOMS
R. S. Kent, Head Of Huge Bak-
ing Firm, Says Fight Is Due
Over Proxies of Stockholders

Ralph S. Kent, president of the
Ward Baking Company, in a
statement today, discloses a letter
sent to stockholders of the COM
pany on Saturday, in which he
claims that the Morrow group"
who are seeking to oust the
present management, want moth
ing short of control of the COM
pany." Mr.. Kent declared.
"It Is my firm conviction
that the proxies now sought by
the Morrow group are broad
enough to permit your stock,
sometime within the six months,
to be put into a voting trust,
or to be voted on a proposition
to exchange stock for the stock
of another holding company"
Emphatic Denial
Replying to Mr.. Kent's charges,
the committee seeking the proxies,
composed of Charles Hayden,
Thomas H. McInnerney, and. Ed
gar Palmer, declares that
1--WE desire to make public
our emphatic denial that we
have ever had any thought of
using the proxies for any other
purpose than that for which .
they were asked, namely, to re-
move the present management
and elect a new one and to
amend the charter only, so as
to abolish the three-year terms
Of directors"
The committee denies that
Mr.. Morrow seeks position in
the company or seeks control.
The committee statement says:
Sought Morrow
1--WE sought Mr.. Morrow. His
proposition to us was to accept
no compensation during the
first year of his services, but, at
the end Of the year, to submit
it to the stockholders, to be
fixed by them on the record of
his accomplishment"
The committee opposing the
present management has called @
special stockholders meeting for
January 26, while the manage
ment has called a meeting for
February IL.
The Washington times., 1931-01-20
Trade Men Confer
On NeU Waterman

Eight Pittsburgh and Youngs-
town business men today pre-
sented a plan for a proposed
waterway between the Ohio River
and Lake Erie to Secretary Of
War Hurley.
They left for the office Of
Representative Dempsey (RD of
New York, chairman of the House
Rivers and Harbors Committee,
to present secific data on their
proposal.