The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-08-13
ACUTE PROBLEMS OF SOCIALIST CONSTRUCTION in 7

stead committed positive falsficatlons in the
versions they published are roughly the follow
ing:
l. The Five Day Week is to be abolished
2. Capitalist economic methods are TO be re-
introduced; piece-work rates are to be paid
wage tariffs are to be graded, the principle of
personal responsibility is to be introduced for
managers and workers; the principle Of coli
lective administration is to be abolished; and
all undertakings are to be based on the prin-
ciple of capitalist business accountancy.
What did comrade Stain actually say? What
is the real significance of his speech?
At the beginning of his speech Comrade Stain
pointed out that the development of the various
branches Of soviet industry was very uneven. In
the first six months Of 1881 some industries had
succeeded in increasing production by from 40
to so per cent as compared with the same period
in the previous year Other industries had in
creased their production in the same period by
from 20 to 80 per cent. There were, however,
industries Including the coal mining and foun-
dry ipdustries) which had increased production
only by from about TO 10 per cent and even
less, Stain then analysed the reasons for this
inequality of development and declared that
they we're to be sought for mainly in the follow
ing points
l. The Problem of the Supply of Labour Power.
occurred in the SovieS Union as compared with
capitalist countries Under capitalism the sup
ply Of labour power TO the factories and other
undertakings was automatic. There was stream
CT fresh labour power from the petty bourgeoisie
and from the villages into the towns. Poverty
end the reduction of the possibility Of securing
living In other ways caused these elements to
migrate to the towns in the hope of securing
paid employment. Further, by increasing the Ca
pacty of its productive apparatus and in con-
sequence of the fundamental contra dictions in
herent in its system Specialization Of production,
but not Of distribution), capitalism has created
an industrial reserve army Of unemployed work
ers which today in the period of world economic
crisis totals about thirty-five million upon which
it can fall back at any time in case of need
In the Soviet Union unemployment has ceased
to exist NATURALLY, the bourgeois and social
democratic newspapers fail to mention this fun
damental fact in their comments on Stains
speech, and therefore soviet industry Is not In
position to make calls upon industrial re-
serve army, and it has no automatic supply OF
labour power Further, as result of the col
lectivsation Of agriculture the automatic supply
Of labour power from the rural districts has
practically ceased. In his speech Comrade Stain
sketches this situation and points out that fall
ing an automatic labour supply. soviet industry
must provide itself with labour power in an or
ganized fashion (by concluding agreements with
the collective and soviet farms, by drawing the
women out of the household and into industry,
etc..
1t is characteristic Of the attitude Of the capl-
talist and social democratic newspapers that
they make no mention of this tremendously i'm
portan1 clrcu~'stance, because any mention of it
would reveal to the exploited and impoverished
working r,esseg in the capitalist countries the
enorrnous cCvr-tage for them Of socialist sys-
tenn o. ls~c. 'Ccticl
2. The Problem OF Labour Fluctuation.
The shortage Of labour power as the result OF
the abolition Of unemployment and as the result
of the victory Of collsctiuzation in agriculture,
caused On extremely great fluctuation' Of labosr