davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-11-18
Midwest Bosses Keep
Up Profits at Cost of
WOrkingclassStandard

CHICAGO, Hl.-Despite all the
wailing publicity broadcast about
the loss Of income. ETC., the facts
show that the whole burden of the
crisis is being passed on TO the
working class. Profits have been
the same and in some cases greater
than previous years.
In the Midwest wage-cuts have
been continuous, but the profits OF
the companies have continued. and
besides those that are available in
the figures there is more that is
hidden. a.
Thus profits OF the Interna tionai
Harvester Co, a notorious speed-up
and wage-slashing outfit, continue
to be high. A bulletin Of the Labor
Research Association states as fol-
lows: HAS been losing income, but
is still able TO cover from current
income dividends paid at rate
two-thirds higher than those paid
before 1929. LII spite of carrying
several million dollars worth OF
notes from bankrupt farmers, FL
nancial writer's call this one of the
foremost companies in strength of
working capital Last year it paid
over sI6,000.O00 in dividends and
added $9,034,000 to its profits"
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-11-18

thugs. In Harlan county they don't call them
gunner as there are many men who possess
arms In the Kentucky hills. The mine guards,
deputized with the right to murder legally, are
not regarded as men but as thugs"
Gun Thugs Parade Streets
For days six or seven-car-loads of gun thugs
paraded the streets of Evarts with machine guns
Jutting out of the windows the sinister faces of
the hired murderefs peering out of the side cur
tains. The purpose was by this silent parading
OF the armed force of the coal operators to ter
rorige the miners back to work and to accept
ance of the starvation conditions The gun thugs
became more arrogant. No miner was safe on
the streets alone.
The Eyarts Battle
One day early in the summer of 1884, several
carloads of gun thugs with their machine guns
jutting out of the car windows drove into the
outskirts of Evarts where the railroad tracks en-
ter the town. A group Of miners were standing
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-11-18

attempted mass murder and in sef-defense shot
down three company gun thugs
The coal operators then modified their en-
tire force, raiding and arresting hundreds OF
miners. -Four hundred militiamen were sent into
Harlan county to help the gun thugs institute
their reign OF terror. The courts got busy Judge
D. c. Baby" Jones, with his heavy financial In
terests in coal mining companies indicted hun
dreds OF miners on frained-up murder charges.
The miners throughout Harlan and Bell coun-
ties feeling the growing terror, realizing that
this terror increased as starvation drew closer,
rallied to the struggle against the coal operators
and began to flock to the National Miners I'M
ion. The struggle against starvation was now
opening up in dead earnest. Though the terror
was growing, the counter attack of the miners
was growing by leaps and bounds. From the
ranks they were building their organization to
lead them in their struggle.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-11-18

/ states:
"On my return visited the bat
tle-field of Kuangchencze. Only
Japanese were allowed access, but
my papers and knowledge of langu-
ages helped me, so that am the
only European who has seen this
horrible picture.
SIT was terrible. Here not only
police measures have been carried
out, as is always alleged; here war,
real war, with all that it implies, is
being waged. One does not always
need two equal opponents in order
to conduct a war. Here also there
are not two equal opponents. But
apart from this nothing else is lack
ing. approached nearer expecting
to see corpses before me. Two ia
panese soldiers stood with fixed bayo-
nets. Suddenly something moved. 1t
was wounded Chinese soldiers, with
out legs, with bullet wounds in the
stomach and bayonet wounds in the
breast. They had already been ly-
ing there for SO hours, without band
ages, without water, only with
blankets over them to protect them
from the sun, close to one another
and strictly guarded. When one of
them groaned or moved one of the
sentries either gave him a kick or
dealt him blow with the butt of
his rifle. Peaceful entry TO. Man
churia.'
"The military hospitals are crowd
ed with wounded. Even the ia
panese have now more killed and
wounded than they care to admit.
Nearly all the killed and wounded
had bullet wounds in the abdomen
or breast"
Socialists Justify All of This!
This bloody rape of China is JUS
titled by the Japanese socialists and
by that shining light of the Second
International, Emile Vandervelde in
the following words:
"True, 1t might be thought that
those who, at the cost of millions,
had constructed the network of
railways which covers Manchuria
had ec-- great work and that
this conferred certain rights upon
them in spite of everything"
Such as the right to murder thou.
sands of Chinese workers and peas
ants which the japanese imperialists
are now exercising with the full sane
ton of all the imperialists and their
stalwart defenders, the socialists
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-11-18
TRY DEPORT
KRACEVlCH,
BIEDENKAPP
Textile Strike Leaders
Held on High Bal
in East Boston
CONTINUED FROM PAex ONE,

says will probably be raised TO AS, 90.
Kracevich's bail was set at 5000.
Both the arrested workers have
been taken to East Boston inmisTa-
ton detention station. In that sta
ton are already imprisoned. await
ing deportation, the Lawrence strike
leaders: Edith Berkman, william
Murdoch and Bedros Donegain are
already held there. Berkman and
Murdoch are on warrants issued dur
ing the February strike in Lawrence,
Berkman being Lawrence organiser
of the National Textile Workers
Union and Murdoch representing the
national office Of the union. They
were out on bail when the October
strike started, were arrested trying
to speak on Lawrence Common, and
at the request of the Citizens Com
nlittee their bail on the pvev4osis
charge was revoked, openly and Id
mittedly to keep them out OF the
october strike.
Biedenkapp is natiVe-born Amer
lean citizen, but such things mean
little to the U. S. Labor Department
these days.
Mass Protest.
The workers of Lawrence are rally
ing in mass protest against these at
tempts at deportation and the hun
dreds arrested in the Lawrence ctxike.
The meeting is called by the Inter
national Labor Defense, and will be
held in Russian Hall, 2s7 Ewing Ave.
Lawrence, Nov. 10.
The workers OF the whole country
must rally to the mass defense of
these strike leaders and u,Asftants.
faced with deportation, and should
demand also the release Of Pat De
vine, serving a year in a federal
prison on a frame-up charge for his
activities in the February strike in
Lawrence.
Dunno, BALKAN Cases Filed.
The cases of Jain BALKAN, Law
renee strike leader, and Bill Dunno,
editor of the Daily Worker and
special representative Of the National
Board of the National Textile wWk-
ers' Union, have been filed. Both
were arrested on vagrancy charges,
Ballam on the picket lines and Dunno
while merely walking down the street.
Chase had Dunno held for invest
gation' by the immigration bureau
and O'Brien had BALKAN heid on
suspicion Of melting to riot" in
speeches made.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-11-18
BY HARRY CANNES

OVER the historic Cumberland gap, leading in
" to the mountains OF Eastern Kentucky, where
the pioneers fought hardy battle against the
back breaking hilsides TO wrest living from
the land, the defendants of these old pioneers
are now faced with hunger. rivaling the farnnes
that stalk through China. They come up against
a reign Of terror which would make Mussolni
envious.
The industrial handbooks of Kentucky flaunt
the fact that Kentucky labor is only 1.3 per
cent foreign" Everywhere signs read cheap
power, good water supply and plentiful Amer
lean labor" In Harlan and Bell counties, the
scene of the bitterest mine battles the percent
age of foreign labor" drops to zero. Most of
the miners claim descent from old Virginia Ala
bama, Tennessee or Kentucky settlers.
During the world war period big corporations
such as the insult Peabody Coal Co.. the United
States Steel, spread their coal mining operations
throughout these hills. Miners were coneen-
trated in company camps and a eudal-capitalst
regime rooted itself. Along came the United
Mine Workers of America raking in its share of
the "war wages" fattening on the Kentucky
miners through heavy initiation fees and dues.
In 1927 conditions began to grow bad. Speed
up and wage cuts hit the Kentucky miners be-
fore the onset of the present economic crisis. The
United Mine Workers. finding the pickings grow
which the miners we're betrayed in fashion
they never will forget.
Bosses Praise UNIV
This betrayal of the United Mine Workers
now that this organization has been wiped off
the face of the Kentucky mountains-stands the
Lewis machine in good stead. All the company
gunner, the county officials such as Sheriff
Blair and Judge D. c. Baby" Jones swear by the
UNIV. They regard it-phantom though it Is
in the Kentucky coal fields-as one Of the oper-
ators best bulwarks in the struggle against the
National Miners Union.
BY 1880 the whole mass Of the $4,000 miners
in Bell and Harlan county had been reduced to
actual starvation. In later articles In the Daily
Worker the starvation conditions, which have
never been refuted by the coal operators or their
servile press, will be told in detail.
Several UNIV misleaders, unable to keep the
miners in Evarts, Kentucky, back from strike,
took the usual line Of heading the movement in
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-11-18
DAWES, BRAND SUPPORT
z@ ~- ~ JAPAN AT PARIS MEET

In the clock room of the Quai dOrsay,
where little more than three years ago the
imperialist bandits engaged in their hypocriti-
cal gesture of "outlawing" war through the
Kellogg Pact these same robbers met again
yesterday this time the League of Nations Council AS
FORE their meeting for the purpose of throwing
the eyes of the and to push their ared plans
for another world slaughter aimed at the division China
the destruction of the Soviet Unn the crushing of the
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-11-18

ports further movement of bombing
planes to Manchuria:
Several air force attachments
from the regiments stationed at
Hamamatsu, Tachiari and Pingwan
left early this morning for service
in Manchuria. They we're bound
for Mukden."
Winter Clothing Issued To Japanese
Troops
A Mukden dispatch reports that
winter clothing was issued to the
Japanese troops today and winter
quarters are being prepared in all
areas indications, 1t was assumed,
that the army command was ready
for long stay"
While the japanese continue to
conceal the number of their troops
in Manchuria all reports agree that
these forces are large and are being
constantly reinforced.
Indications are that the Chinese
General Ma Chen-Shan, who express
ses allegiance TO Chang Hsueh-liang
of the Marking group of Chinese
lackeys of United States imperialism,
is weakening in his resistance to the
Japanese. This follows a two-hour
secret conference by the United
States Minister at Marking with the
imperialist hangman. Chang Kai-
shek.
Resistance of Chinese Masses Grows
All reports agree that the resist
ance of the Chinese masses is in
creasing in spite of the bloody terror
directed against them by the Kuo-
mintang traitors who are doing their
best to crush the Japanese
movement OF the masses. A Shang-
hal dispatch declares that banditry
(by which the imperialist bandits
mean Chinese resistance to the jap
anese invaders) continues unchecked
An instance of the anger of the Chin
csc masses is the report in a Shang-
hal dispatch that four imperialist
agents in Manchuria were captured
outside Hsinmin by thirty bandits,
who robbed, stripped and dragged
them behind horses while beating
them with sticks and straps. accord
ing to Mukden reports, which add
that the men eventually were re-
leased" The same dispatch reports
Fifty Japanese soldiers, attack
ing bandits near Changchun yes
terday, were nearly annihilated
when the bandits received reinfcr-
cements. Two Japanese were killed
and many wounded. Their force
was saved by the timely arrival of
achievements"
The rising anger Of the Chinese
masses is forcing the evacuation OF
imperialist agents from many Man
churian towns. A Hardin dispatch
reports:
"Today's train from Anganchi
reached Hardin with three extra
cars to accommodate refugees. The
only four Americans In Tsitsihar
left the town on advice Of George
Hanson, Consul General here
Gives Picture Of Battle Field
That actual war conditions exists
in Manchuria In spite Of the lies of
the imperialists is shown In report
by q bourgeois journalist in the Ber-
lin "Vossische Zeitung" The writer
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-11-18

the face of the armed occupation Of
Manehuria Is not only not invoked
against Japan, but capitalist press
dispatches openly declare that the at
titude of the United States is favor
able toward its imperialist rival in the
Far East.
BRAND Gives Notice Of Attack
In line with the Hoover formula
on Chinese masses, BRAND, chairman
of the League Council, has complete
ly abandoned the pretense of oppos-
ing Japanese occupation of Man
churia. In sounding the keynote OF
the League Council meeting BRAND
yesterday declared:
"The Council will continue its eff
forts to devise a solution In the un-
biased and impartial spirit which
it has always shown, without con-
corning itself with the hasty judg-
ments on tendentious comments,
and with the sole desire under the
Covenant of the League of Nations
of insuring that peace and Justice
prevail on the basis of respect for
international obligations"
Divested of its hypocritical phrases,
this statement gives a brutal notice
to the Chinese people that they must
respect the treaties forced upon them
at the point of the bayonet of Jap
anese and other imperialists! BRAND
has forgotten" about the demand
that Japan withdraw her troops!
This is made clear in the following
statement in a Paris dispatch to the
New York Times:
'In the opinion of many obser-
vers the arbitration of this dispute
must depend on how far China will
recognize Japan's treaty claims in
orderb to obtain the evacuation of
Manchurian territory"
Washington Sees 'Vast Invasion
Likely"
AS Japan interprets here treaty
rights as including the right to set
up pgrpet governments on Chinese
soil, end to maintain her puppets
with troops permitted under the
treaty" evacuation of japanese troops
is meaningless phrase. 1t is pur-
posely used by the imperialists to
deceive the masses.
That the withdrawal of any of the
Japanese troops is not intended either
by Japan or the League Council is
further clearly shown In dispatch
from Washington. This dispatch re-
ports that American government tex
perts see Japan in Vast Invasion.
It indicates that Japanese reserves
in Manchuria have been called to
the colors. and says:
g. It is to be expected that
Japan will dispatch reinforcements
to Manchuria. Today's announce
ment In Tokyo that planes were
being sent to Manchuria Is consid-
cred here to be the forerunner of
other movements to strengthen
Japan's forces in the fighting zone.
"Vast invasion seems likely.
I'm competent expert opinion
here, Japan intends to press north
or west from Tsitsihar and even
tualIy occupy all of North Man
churia and possibly Eastern Mon
golia. The only thing that can
stop the Japanese army, according
to this view, is political disaffec-
ton at home, and there has been
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-11-18

JOBLESs FAINTS OF HUNGER

SYRACUSE, N. Y Jake Monts,
IS, an unemployed worker, was found
nearly unconscious from hunger ID
one of the building of the Warmers
brickyard
He is now in the county jailsA
charged with vagrancy.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-11-18

revolutionary struggles Of the home
and colonial masses against the cap
italist hunger program.
The same sinister veil Of secrecy
which surrounds the secret pact be-
tween Hoover and Laval, the secret
notes and discussions between Slim
son and Japan, and the present visit
to the United States of the fascist
Foreign Secretary Grand, shrouds
the meeting of the League Council
in Paris. A Paris dispatch to the
New York Sun reports:
''The opening public session was
only brief one, and at its conciu-
sion the council members began q
series Of private conferences in an
effort to solve the Far East prob
lem
League Sees U. s. Backing Japan
The leading role of the United
States in the united front against
the Chinese masses and the Soviet
Nnion is further exposed In Paris
dispatch to the New York Evening
Graphic. This dispatch is signifi-
cantly headed:
gu. 5. BACKING JAPAN, LEAGUE
HINT"
The dispatch declares:
THE position of Gen. George G..
Dawes, United States Ambassador to
London, who is standing by during
the council sessions, remained indef-
mite, although he was participating
in private conferences.
League officials interpreted his
absence from the council table as
meaning a modification Of the at
itude of the United States toward
Japan. despite alleged violation of
the Pact of Paris" 1.-THE Kellogg
Anti-War Pact.
The New York Tribune yesterday
carried q dispatch from Washington
with the following significant head:
us. Would Reject Boycott by
League, Japan Is Assured
Utmost Support Pledged to Ge-
neva Disavowed by State Depart
ment in Conference with Debuchi
japanese Ambassador to the U.s..
Sharp Gable to Toxic Contradicted
Orally.
american Attitude Viewed As
Fortifying Niponese Determination
to Defy Order to Quit Manchuria."
Kellogg Pact Aimed at Soviet
The hokum of the Wall Street gov
eminent merely standing aloof from
the League Council is exposed from
Washington, Toxic, Paris and London
Tor several days preceding the con-
vention of the Council. The gist of
these dispatches was published in the
Daily Worker. very intelligent work.
er who knows that the meetings of
the League Council In Paris is for
the purpose Of supporting Japanese
aggressMss in Manchuria, bludgeon-
ing the Chinese masses into accept
ance of the irnperialists' plans for
the division OF China, and to push
the var against the Soviet Union and
tn nsceaIful socialist construction.
wceker1, will remember that last
year when the Soviet Union defended
itsa3 against the attacks on its ter
ritory by white guard elements or
gariined in Manchuria and armed by
the imperialists, the United States
hastily invoked the Kellogg Pact
mot against aggressors but against
the Soviet Union. Now, however, in
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-11-18

I. l.. D. calls for increased, nation
wide protest against Harlan terror.
All the other cases, in the HARLAN
coal fields are being defended in
court by I. l.. D. attorneys These
cases involve more than a hundred
miners, all members OF the n. n o.,
charged with criminal Syndieansra,
banding and confederating.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-11-18
HEAR CAUGHT IN WINDING
MACHINE

LOWELL, Mass. - When her hair
got out in the winding machine at
the Ingham Worsted Co. mill, Mar
garet Brady, %, was seriously injured
and her hair torn from her head.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-11-18
AMERICAN LABOR"

Oh the hillside. One was standing near tree,
The gun thugs fired killing the lone miner by
the tree Then the company killers got out of
their car, leaned over the hoods and pointed
their rifles and machine guns at the miners on
the hill. They fired. The miners replied to the
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-11-18

order TO behead 1T. The miners marching UNI
der the American flag, protested against whole
series of vicious and roundabout wage cuts Of
the Black Mountain Coal Co. Several scabs were
beaten up. In response the coal operators, CO.
operating with Sheriff Blair, modified their gun
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-03-20
Baltimore Carpenters Vote Down
Misleaders

to the workers interests to lead fight for So
cial insurance to come from the millions that the
building owners have extracted from the toll of
the carpenters and building workers.
Even though the treasury is worth half mil
lion dollars, the greedy officials throw an, unen-
ployed member out of the union if he can't pay
his dues in six months time. They are only in
terested in their own big fat salaries of to
5000 dollars year, something that the best of
carpenters never dream of getting. An unem-
ployed member dropped from the books has to
pay IS dollars to get back into the union. Any
intelligent worker can see that these methods
make scab out of worker when they put such
expensive barriers around a union. The same APP
plies to the dues and cost of working cards.
Reign of Terror Exists in Union.
In the last election Of officers, the general
membership voted and the officials exchanged the
ballot boxes with votes that would agree to their
interests. Something like rs to 100 strong arm
men are used to maintain the iron law" in the
union, and woe to a single worker that dares
to walk off the chalk line. How much longer
the rank and file will contend with such miser-
able conditions is hard to say, but from last
nights meeting. it looks like they are awakening
to the situation, and soon will put up a fight to
get rank and file control of their own union
and use it for an instrument for lettering their
workers
Demand
l. New officials from the union to come from
the rank and file.
q Reduction of business agents to two.
g. Business agents no. to serve longer than
6 months (get too fat
d. Take in all carpenters of the city-reduce
the initiation so that all carpenters can join
which will eliminate scabs
4. Reduce the dues to $1.0O month and free
working cards.
S. Exempt stamps for the unemployed car
penters.
6. Unemployment Insurance to be paid by the
bosses and city, to be distributed by airank and
file committee of carpenters
Rank and file control of the uniOn-Oust the
bureaucrats-take the initiative in your own
hands.
Join the Trade Union Unity League at South
Greene Street. Baltimore, Maryland.