davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-23
Actors in England.

Honors recently paid to Charles Chap
lin and now being paid to Douglas and
Mary Fairbanks in London mark a
great change in relationship in Eng
land between the higher realms of life
and the acting profession It is far
cry from the days when the actor was
regarded as a servant and treated as an
altogether inferior member Of society,
Even In Shakespeafes time the thes-
plan was rated as but little better than
footman. He might gain the pat
ronage of member of the nobility and
even bask In royal favor, but never as
a social equal, or as anything more than
q hired entertainer. A reminder of
that relationship exists in the tradition
that an actor, of any grade or style or
speciality, must perform when royalty
commands. It was this tradition that
Chaplin defied when he refused to put
en- q vaudeville show to please the King.
In these recent visitations the warmly
welcomed opponents of the stage are
now wcrld-famed performers for the
cinema stage How far away, indeed,
the screen from the Globe Theater or
the innyard set-up of the travelling
troupel Chaplin, Fairbanks, Pickford,
names known In every distant corner of
the world, kno~ to the peoples of
every race, to those who use every Ian
glags spoken on earth! And not only
names to them, but actual personages,
familiar in act and gesture and-save
Chapiin-in speech. Gone, irrevocably
are the voices Of those who entertained
England by the medium Of the theater
three centuries ago, even thirty years
ago. Most of those who played In the
innyards are forgotten beyond any pos
sible recollection. Three centuries
hence, it may be. the antics Of the
little fellow" Of Romany blood and the
gymnastics Of the bigger fellow and the
appealing naivete and attractiveneSs of
his wife will be available for the en-,
tertainment Of stage patrons. And no
one can possibly foretell what will be
the mode of the public stage Of that
time. The marvels of tomorrow are
never to be foreseen.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-23

When 1t is realized that all of Spains
%, 100000 inhabitants are adherents OF
the Church of Rome except a handful
OF fewer than $4,000. the new republic
can governments proposed termination
of the Catholic faith ss the oficial
religion seems all the more remarkable.
The action signaled at Madrid ensues
exactly eighty years to the month
since, by the terms of the concordat
between the Vatican and the Spanish
government, the creed of the Popes
became the established denomination.
A formal separation of church and
state has not yet been proclaimed, be-
cause the concordat of May s. 1851, re-
quires to be annulled by mutual agree
ment. But the decree of Senior
Fernando de los Rios, minister OF
justice IN the Zamora cabinet, which
was issued yesterday, declares absolute
religious freedom of worship for all
denominations in Spain henceforward
Spain thus follows the example Of
her great Roman Catholic neighbor,
France. Under the law promulgated At
Paris on December 9. 1905, all churches
were separated from the state. The
statute naturally affected the Church
of Rome primarily because of the over
whelming preponderance of Catholi-
eism among the French people. Four
years before separation of church and
state was ordained, France passed the
Associations law, which requires re-
ligious communities to be authorized by
the government. No monastic order
can be established or maintained with
out a special law in each particular
case
A couple of weeks ago when Roman
Catholic property was being burned
and pillaged throughout Spain. Presi-
dent Acala zamora announced, 81 re.
spect all religious creeds." He promised
that no further acts of sacrilege would
be committed against Catholic prop
erty. 1t may be taken for granted
from Senior Zamors's announcement
that while the historic ties uniting
chufeh ana state are 10 be broken,
members of the Roman faith will have
no cause to fear discriminatory treat
ment by tn. republican regime. Hith-
erto the. Csoaolie religion, being Of
fetal, was the only one permitted to
practice lis beliefs publicly. Other
creeds could worship, but had to do so
within their own temples, in privacy.
In future, all ereeds will be equal be-
fore the republican Law, as they are
in the United States and most other
countries of the world.
It will be interesting to observe what
sort Of financial peace Is sealed be-
tween Madrid and the Vatican when
the disestablishment Is an accom-.
plished fact The old constitution, now
suspended, required state support of
the Catholic Church. In 1928, the
government contributed $1,000 900
pesetas, or roundly sI7,5oo,o00 for
maintenance Of members Of different
religious orders, and upkeep Of cathe-
drals, churches, chapels, sanctuaries,
monasteries and nunneries.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-23
Afraid of Enforcement,
From the Yakima DaiIy Republc

From the Yakima Daily Republic.
If the people generally could BY turn
Ing over their hands, by casting their
votes or by some hocus- pocus secure
genuine and thorough enforcement of
law, 1t Is much to be doubted that they
would do so. People seem to take the
stttuoe tnat there is something sinister
about bona ode law enforcement sonne-
thing that must be avoided.
Oregon is a good exan1ple-the last
Legislature created State consta bulary
ana GOV. Meier has been getting ready
70 put the act in force and get the
organization under way. He has asked
Gen. Smedley d. Butler to organize the
force, and the hair-triggered Marine has
accepted. Butler has nothing to do
with the merits of the case, except that
IN the minds Of some people he stands
icr the hell-roaring type Of ofIicial who
y supposed 10 scare the criminals into
good behavior.
plan, with or without Buffers HELM. will
succeed, and they do not propose to
nave any honest-to-goo0ness brand of
law enforcement in their midst, A
referendum petition Is therefore being
prepared, and the bill will be put 10 the
test OF popular vote. The argument
Tor the referendum Is that the estab-
nsnment OF State police body would
enaanger the welfare and interests of
cltizens OF Oregon" to the extent that
revolt against enforcement Of law would
become so widespread that the harm
done to the State would be irreparable. {"
no one knows how well the law would
work, but the theory is that It would
co-orulnate the police examinations OF
the state and make the prevention and
punishment OF crime more nearly posi-
ole. Even the specter Of such result is
enough 70 scare the people into the use
Of the referendum. They don't really
want law enforcement In Oregon. nor In
know of.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-23
The Air Armada.

With six hundred and fifty-nine
military planes. the greatest air armada
ever assembled, in full fight from
Cleveland and Dayton to New York TO-
day, Wsshingtonians have Just a little
more than a week 10 wait to see this
giant concentration Of aircraft. Follow
ing n1aneuvers in New York and Phila-
delpilia, the planes are scheduled to
darken the skies over the National
Capital on May 80 Some Of them
will land at Boiling Field, but the
majority will go to Langley Field, Va,
and ether bases
Despite the walls of those who de-
nounced this experiment Of tie Army
as a war-like gesture, as 3 menace to
the health Of persons in those cities
that viewed tbs armada and as q
ridiculous and unnecessary expenditure
of Government funds, communities al
ready visited by the flyers have re-
ported no ill-health on the part of their
citizens, no feeling that it is the first
step 30 war and no shedding Of tears
over the burning of few thousand
gallons OF gasoline. On the contrary,
enormous crowds have turned out
everywhere 10 witness the remarkable
spectacle Of more than six hundred
planes in the skis and have doubtless
felt the renswsd thrill of patriotism
that comes frcm seeing their coun-
try's air defense In action.
And so far. which Is the most Inn
pcrtant Of all, no casualties have been
reported and only q few forced land
ings have been necessary. Most OF
tnese diEabled planes have been quickly
repaired and their pilots have been
able to meet ct the rendezvous pre-
viously planned. The shifting Of this
great number Of ships from the Middle
West 70 New York in a day-some Of
them flying over this city on their
wey 70 the metropolis will fug1s-h a
elgnifcsnt demonstration of the ability
Of the ARM to conduct long-distance
maneuyers ch q large scale. It's sue
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-23
The Plot Thickens.

After a delay of more than two
months, possibly caused by the intricate
trail that investigators were forced to
follow and their desire for absolute Ger
tainty, the Public Utilities Commission
has received the corporation ccunsels
report on the present ownership and
management of the washington gas
properties. AS far as anybody seems
to know, such ownership and manage
rnent rests with the Central Public
Service Corporation of Chicago.
The discovery is made more interest
ing, now. in the light of conflicting an
nouncements which at first divu,ged
the connection between the Washing
ton. gas properties and the Chicago con-
Germ. The whole business reveals an
amazing absence of candor and frank
ness, which might well fit other terms.
About March the announcement of
new issue Of bonds diullged the fact
that the Ssaboard Investment Trust, .
holding company Termed to get around
certain tiresome obstacles to the pur-
chase of local utility stock by foreign
interests, had become the Washington
and Suburban Companies. and while
spokesmen for the gas company were
minimizing the significance of this
change Of name an announcement from
Chicago stated that the Central Public
Eervice Corporation Of Chicago had
taken ever the management Of the 10
cal companies.
The rapid developments led the Pub
lie Utilities Commission to investigate.
But in the face of the Chicago an
nouncement that the Central Public
Service Corporation was going to man
sEs the gas companies, statement is
sued IN Washington by one of the
o6scisls Of the local gas company quoted
Central Public Service Corporation
ofncial as saying that The Central
Public Service Corporation has no man
agement contract with any Of the COM
panies referred to 1.-THE Washington and
Suburban Companies) and has at no
time in this past and does not now,
either directly or indirectly, own any
stock in any ofrthese companies"
Write this statement was being made,
q ,crs-distSnce telephone conversation
hss--ssn The Star and another o6hciaI
Of the Central Public Service Corpora
tn revealed that the latter was con-
trmo-at.ng no change in the manage
r.rrt personnel Of the local companies
'sas' the moment" and that the whole
parpcce Of the deal, whatever It was,
wac the injection Of the Chicago sys-
tens engineering and accounting
methods, with the usual tail talk about
the great economies thereby to be
effected.
And about the same time Albert
Peirce, president of the Chicago con-
Germ, was informing the Associated Press
that no ownership was involved In the
deal; that his company would merely
manage the Washington property.
Now that the Public Utilities Com
mission has the corporation councils
report, which has not been made public
In its entirety, hut which presumably
explains the whole series Of deals, the
next decision regards the matter of
going into court and trying TO do some
thing about 1t, On the face Of II, the
Public Utilities Commission would seem
TO have no other recourse. It would
at Least be eniighteping to learn the
truth.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-23
Belasco, Genius of Theater,
Had No Rival, Declares Press

sance It was BelaSeo's good fortune
that he lived long enough to see the
beginning Of this rebirth" The Jersey
City Journal recalls: "One Of his boasts
was that his plays were put on with his
own money. Angels we're not in hts
dictionary His friends were not i'm
posed upon. II he lost, he lost his own
money II ne won. he put his winnings
into a nsW drama"
He shed luster on the city of lis
birth. San Francisco will genuinely
mourn the death of her distinguished
son." states the Chronicle OF that city,
were due 10 his mastery of human ma
teriaL" The Toledo Blade surveys his
GALAXY Of stars. all Of them Frightened
and FURNISHED by the great master pro-
ducer." The st. Louis Times sets TO his
credit "his genius for remembering, in
his own way, the work of countless
others and Of making skill and talen.
and beauty where thsy were not" The
Kansas City Star recalls his record as
IAN almost uncanny Judge Of talent and
9 genius in the directing Of it." The
Asbury Park Press sees in him Amer
ica's greatest Snowman, dean of the the
alter and one OF its most colorful char
acters''
He was an artist from the begin
ming. No detail was too dificult If 1t
lent reality to production" as APP
praised by the Salt Lake Deseret News.
The Atlanta Journal emphasizes the
fact that "a 'Belasco production became
. synonym for artistic settings and sub
tie atmosphere. The Worcester Tele-
gram refers to the magic" OF the Be
lasco touch" The Springfield Mass
Republican believes that "he invested
his achievements with his own person.
atty" while the Miami Daily News
holds that he never failed to develop
the full dramatic possibilities Of his pro-
ducticns" and the Rockford Morning
Star calls him the great exponent Of
the realistic stage The Hartford Times
lauds his understanding Of the dra-
matic world and hold upon the imagi-
nation Of the public"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-23
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
BY FREDERIC J. HAsKIN.

Thousands of Government experts are
working constantly for the benefit OF
all citizens of the United States. They
viii work directly for you II you will
| call for the fruits of their labors
through our Washington bureau. State
your inquiry briefly, write clearly, and
| inclosing 2-cent stamp for personal
letter in reply. address The Evenins
| Star Information Bureau. Frederic j
Haskin, director. washington, d. c.
@. What American city has the most
/ elevators in proportion to its popula-
| tion?--N. S.
A. There are more elevators in New
York City than In all the rest of the
United States.
Q. What Is the Honor Crest Asso-
ciates, Inc. ?-D. c.
A. It Is a company recently formed
under the laws OF the State of Della
ware, for the purpose of conducting a
general advertising agency, but more
particularly to carry on an advertising
service especially planned for t1de-
pendent retail merchants.
O. At what age do men do their best
work ?-H. A.
A. There is no golden age. but a
estudy of the achievements of 3s1s of
the greatest men of history showed, ac-
cording to Prof. E. L. Thorndike, that
the masterpiece age" averaged about
ATS years.
Q. why don't soldiers march across
bridges?-G. r. r.
A. The vibration Of q body Of SOL
diers marching across a bridge Is SC
great, and sustained such a consider
able time, that 1t may endanger the
structure; therefore, they are required
to break ranks.
@. How does the Department Of Agri-
culture label trees ?-W =. u
A. It uses aluminium tapes tackled on
pieces of board which are screwed fast
TO the tree.
O. How many men are there in the
Fascist militia in Italy?-W. T.
A. It numbers about 100000.
Q What is the largest species Of
bear?-A. H.
A. The great Kodiak bear, native Of
Kodiak Island, Alaska, is the largest
in the world.
@. Do people travelling by airplane
from the United States have to have
pasSports?-D K.
A. The same regulations exist which
are In force for travelling by ship. In
some countries passports are necessary,
and in others they are not.
@. What relation to Mrs. Abraham
Lincoln was Emelie Todd Helm?-A.
r. w.
A. She was Mrs. Lincoln's half-sister
She was the widow of Confederate Brig.
Gen. Zen Hardin Helm and lived to
the age Of SO. She died near Licking
ton, KY, February 20, 1880.
c. How many publications are there
in the United States devoted to some
trade or bt1Biness?-I. Cd.
A. There are about 1900 such pub
locations devoted to some industry,
trade, profession or specialized service.
Q. Why are men who treat diseases
Of animals called veterinarians? IN. s.
A. The word is Latin in derivation.
Veterinarians means Of or pertaining to
q beast of burden.
q. Can't World War veterans sue the
United States in regard to war risk
ingurauce?-B. T.
A. This Is one of the exceptions to
the generalization that the Government
cannot be sued without its consent.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-23

! Section 10 Of the World War veteranss
act, as amended, grants the insured or
the beneficiary Of Government m
surance contract the right 10 me suit
when disagreement exists between
them and the Veterans Bureau.
Q. Did some of the Columbian Ex-
position buildings burn down?-M Eff
A. Several of the buildings were de-
stroyed by fre on January .. 1894.
g; What can be done to prevent sea
/ nettleS?-S r.
A. No method Is known for overco,n-
ing the sea nettle AZ nuisance.
9. When and by whom was ths
c rnST american portrait painted in this
A. The first portrait known to have
oeen painted In this country was that
OF GOV. Richard Bellingham of Mas
! sachusetts. 1641 The artist was VII.
liam Read Of Boston.
@. What individual has had r,,ra
written about him than about anv one
else IN the worlds history?-S. L.
A. There are said TO have been n,th.
nshed over 1900 books about Lincoln.
Lincoln, Christ and Napoleon have
| been the subject of probably the great
/ est number # books written in the
AiO'u Vi UlOBIdpny.
9. What makes flowers smell sweet?
w. r. p
A. The fragrance Of flowers is due
10 special essences or oils which the
| plant produces. These oils are COM
pilcated compounds Of only two ele-
ments, carbon and hydrogen, and ere
known as volatile oils, since they es-
| cape readily into the air.
Q. How many buildings are leased
by the Government in the District of
Columbia? What Is the total rental7
! A. The Division Of Public Buildings
says that there are AZ buildings in the
/ District of Columbia that are leased
! by the Federal Government. On these
buildings there is total Of $907, 712.1I
paid in rent per year.
Q. What is the order Of the Dauzh-
ters Of the Barons Of Runnymede?--
B. T. r.
| A. The Daughters Of the Barons Of
Runnynede was founded In 1915 by
/ Mrs. Robert z. Hogan Of Catongvflle,
Md The membership is limited TO
those who can trace their ancestry In
direct line to q baron, who, In 1915,
A.D., compelled the signing Of Magma
Charta by King John at Runnymede.
The organization is American.
Q. For what offenses can a man be
| extradited7-T. p.
| A. The extraditable offenses be-
tween the United States and other
countries With which the United
States has 3 treaty Of extradition are
not made public. In each case a sep
| arate request Ia made by one govern
ment upon the other, and If the ef-
Tense IS considered SUFFICIENT grounds,
the request Is granted.
@. Has q man been shot out of a
submarine tube and reached the sur
face Of the sea alive?--W. H.
| A. The Navy Department says that
in the Philippines two Navy men
freed themselves from . submarine by
means Of torpedo tubes and reached
the surface alive. However, the great
| est depth at which this experiment
was tried was 40 feet and the water
was warm.
@. Is the proper name Knute pro-
nounced with the K sounded OF 81
lent?-G. A.
A. The Swedish legation says that
| the K Is sounded. "a
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-23
Farrell Protests wage CUTTING

At a meeting yesterday in New York
ef the American Iron and Steel In
stitute applause greeted the remarks
Of both Charles n. ScFwab, the presi-
dealt of the Institute. when he said that
eve have not tried to take our loss Of
business out of the hide Of the workers
by reducing wage scales" and those of
James A. Farrell. president Of the
United States Steel Cooperation, to the
eject that otis q shame that whsn
some of the large companies are trying
to maintain wages others are cutting
them, even when they are affording
only three -dsy-Week employment.
Perhaps some Of those who are engaged
in wage cutting Joined in the applause.
Mr. Farrell was careful net to mention
names, because he said he did not
want to embarrass anybody, though,
he added 1T was g pretty cheap sort
Of business 10 cut wages when, as
everybody is now saying, what the in
6ustries most need today is the main
finance Of wage scales in order 10 re-
store the buying power Of the people
Mr. Farrell's talk was straight
forward and frank 1t was addressed
directly to the steel companies that are
cutting wages and cutting prices in a
vicious circle. He plainly intimated
that this sort Of businsss leads TO dis
aster. Going into the details Of steel
transactions, he said;
do not see any hope Of better prices
IA our business until the presidents o.
tas Companies are willing 70 stop ti5!'
cficai-Athat Is the word mos
6srbolical situation that ever was per.
pes-gted II til- aJsineSs. and II o3S.l'
10 be stepped II Is ell well enougi
for some people. just as soon as there
Is q little cloud in the sky, TO touch "
ths wages and knock something Oh thi
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-23

cess. and there is hardly any doubt
that success viii attend the ambitious
plan, will demonstrate fine organiza-
ton in personnel, in ships and in main
tenance problems. It is military ex-
pertinent, pure and simple, but one
which gives feeling of security to the
people of this country and pride in the
accomplishments Of their flying service.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-23
SHOOTING STARS.
BY PH11ANDER JOHNSON.

Out Of Season.
Tain the thing to hollef,
Eaisin' O distress
When q situation
Calls for thoughtfulness.
It's a waste o power,
An ii. doesn't seem jes' right
Usin' UP yer vaior
When there isn't any night.
People as is patient
Them's the ones as acts
When they've sifted matters
To the bottom facts.
Dogs that does much barkin'
Amt counted on to bite
Usin' up their valor
When there isn't any night.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-23

This is the season when the house,
wife can truthfully and chserfully in
form her husband that there is nothing
better To strengthen the wrist and
finger muscles Of the casting hand than
beating rugs suspended frcm a clothes
line
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-23

II is 10 be hoped that the young ora
tors. while in Washington for the an
nuaI competition for national honors,
will not be beguiled into looking at the
fat volumes Of the Congressional Record
as q token Of opportunity for future
freedom Of speech in debate.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-23
Proof Of Affection.

IT have heard sorne doubts expressed
as 10 whether you really loved your
country"
II don't see how anybody could ex-
press such q doubt" answered Senator
Sorghum; mot after all the money I
have spent on my country In elections
at one time or another"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-23

For the FIRST time in forty-five years
no attention at all was paid in Spain
to the birthday Of Alfonso XIII. Just
the same he is alive and well, and that
nation may yet resume counting and
celebrating them, possibly with arrears
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-23

Yale will award the degree of master
of fine arts TO graduates Of its depart
msnt of drama This is as it should
be; the modern theater is, or enbodies,
one Of the finest Of arts Yet If it we're
not for those reliable old pinch-hitters
Shakespeare, Sheridan, Euripides and
Sopheeles it would suffer some pretty
bad slunps.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-23

70 those washingtonians who fear
lest the Chicago gangsters have
"nauscled In" here and started a crime
crusade it may be pointed out that
the recent happenings here have not
been Of character to require expert
ness
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-05-23

Arlington County, Va, Is warranted
in putting on q little chest" after
having been granted the special dis
pensatlcn Of an executive order bestow-
ing on IL the heneft Of Federal admin
istratiVe MIents.