davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Plentywood herald., 1931-10-01

Fortuna transacted business affair
in our city Friday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Haugen, Mrs. Kronen
Mr.. Hammer and Mrs. Oscar Helsetl
arrived back TO Westby last week af
ter two weeks visit at Alberta, Sas
katchewan.
Mr.. and Mrs. Jens Roysom of Ov-
erland, Sask.. called on their daughter
Mrs. Martin Nereson last Wednesday
Mrs. Skeels motored over to Plen-
tywood last week and called on
Grandma" Helm She is now able
to sit up little and will be home soon
which her friends are glad to hear.
Mr. and Mrs. Ole HELM of Lone
Tree transacted business in Westby
Wednesday. They will take possession
of the hotel October /.
The Gunderson children are enjoy
ing visit from their aunt and uncle
Mr.. and Mrs. Tanberg of Columbus,
n. D., this week.
Miss Anna Rice and Mrs. Graham
of Lone Tree district school teachers
Mr.. and Mrs. Casper Dieseth and
family attended the wrestling match
at Crosby last Sunday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Henry Reuter- and ia
mily of Havre, Mrs. Stine of kildeer,
N. D., and Mrs. Ada Peterson of Min
nesota arrived this week to be pres
ent at the golden wedding anniversary
of Mr.. and Mrs. Andrew Stageberg.
Mr.. and Mrs. Christ Peterson and
son of Comertown called on their
daughter Donna Myars and shoppped
Wednesday.
Mrs. A. A. Johnson of Plentywood
precinct attended the Nelson-Sanner-
I'd sale Wednesday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Ole Hoist of the
south country shopped in our city on
Wednesday.
Mr. and Mrs. Carl Sorenson Of
Coalridge were among the many far
merS taking advantage of the big
slashing prices given at the Nelson
Sannerud Store Wednesday.
Mrs. NJ Hanson, Truman Stage
berg, Miss Carol Heock are clerking
in the Nelson -Sonnerud store during
the big rush.
Ole Aspelund of Plentywood was
seen on the streets Wednesday.
Miss Gladys Kittleson left Satur-
day for Minneapolis to visit her sister
Irene and look for work.
Mr.. and Mrs. Louie Sjerdal of Nor.
ge, Sask., called on Westby friends
Friday.
Miss Florence and Agnes Stageberg
of Ray, N. D., arrived in Westby on
Saturday to be present for the Gold
en- Wedding Anniversary of Mr.. and
Mrs. Andrew Stageberg.
Mr. and Mrs. Peter Solberg, Mr..
and Mrs. Andrew Kronen of Pink
Valley We're Saturday shoppers.
Mr.. and Mrs. Gamble returned on
Wednesday night after a few weeks
of visiting among friends and rela-
tives in Kalispell.
Mr. Gamble is our immigration Of
Plentywood herald., 1931-10-01
THE GOLD Standard

Abandoning the gold standard, raising
the bank of England discount rate to six
percent and closing all stock exchanges
Great Britain last week wrestled with the
most critical financial situation since the
world war The bank rate was raised from
Az percent, figure which was set up in
July 1t had not been up to six percent since
October, 1929. The suspension of the gold
standard is expected to continue for six
months
Plentywood herald., 1931-10-01

Following in the footsteps OF England
Norway and Sweden this week suspended
their gold standards for an indefinite period
and all banks except the two principal Ma
tional banks of those countries and foreign
branch banks, have been barred from ship
ping out any gold from those countries. Nor
ways discount rate jumped to eight percent
following this action by the government
These countries have emphasized that
the suspensions are only temporary and that
their resources will save the day if the pub
lie will cooperate in the venture.
The gold standard of exchanges is nor
mally in use by virtually every civilized ma
ton of the world. 1t is predicate6 on the. fact
that paper money of a countrys bank of is
sue is redeemable in gold on demand
The suspension of gold payments by
these three nations means their National
banks will not be bound national enactments
to sell gold bullion of stipulated standards of
value. In these countries with silver below
its gold standard, in relation to other curren-
ces, it has been profitable for banks to ac-
qulre silver in the market and convert same
into gold at parity, and then convert the gold
into other currencies by exporting the gold
Owing to this situation, our Canadian
neighbors are facing decidedly bad situa-
ton on our side of the line unless their me-
dunn of exchange is u. S. currency On Sa-
turday Canadian currency was discounted
ten percent in this territory and today the
discount on paper money varies from sew
enteen to twenty percent. Some communit-
les are discounting silver, allowing only lo
cents for Canadian quarter This acute
condition as regarding silver has not become
so pronounced in Plentywood, but the mer-
chants here prefer good old u S. mintage
now
Financial interests do not feel that the
gold suspension of Norway and Sweden
would have direct repercussion in this coun.
try, it has affected this immediate territory
in a further drop in the values of currency
from our neighboring country, Canada In
spite of the switch over from Gold standard
to sterling IN those countries, the. value of
the Norwegian krone continues to be at the
top.
Let us hope this condition will soon be
alleviated as it hurts our trade with Canada.
However, we have been informed by very
reliable sources that they are discounting
their own paper money and accepting same
at only 81 cents on the dollar The second
drop is reported to have occurred on TUESDAY,
this week, but we do not know the amount
OF same there, but presume it will be about
the same as in our border towns on this side
of the boundary
American money is at premium in
our neighborng country, and are avid for
our mintage today
Plentywood herald., 1931-10-01

ficer.
Westby is having their first boys
glee club this year and we think it
will be a success a they have some
fine voices among them.
Mr.. and Mrs. George Weller and
Laverne of the Danville country call
ed on Westby relatives Wednesday.
Miss Lydia Norgaard of Coalridge
is spending a few days in Westby Wis
iting her former class mates. Lydia
graduated with the class of 1880.
Mrs. Berney Shultz and son Lloyd
motored to Crosby Thursday to have
dental work done.
Plentywood herald., 1931-10-01
Order Christmas Cards Now

Order your Christmas cards now.
The Plentywood Herald has a large
line to select from. Orders placed be-
fore October 18th will be discounted
considerably below prices after that
date. The big rush by the supply hou-
ses comes after that time, and they
are making this discount possible now
during the slack time.
These cards vary in price from S
cents to so cents in quantities of 25,
so, rs or 100.
Plentywood herald., 1931-10-01

sacted business in Westby Monday.
De Ness is busy this week hauling
wheat from the Hass Bro, of Outlook
for the elevator.
Mr.. and Mrs. Ted Joyce of Conner
town were Westby shoppers Monday.
Larry Laren has himself truck
Plentywood herald., 1931-10-01

and is busy hauling coal these davs.
Arthur Jensen left Tuesday morning
for Bowbells to complete his senior
year in high school,
Announcements have been received
IN Westby Of the marriage of Miss
Celina Hass to Nels Skonholt of Far
Plentywood herald., 1931-10-01
LICENSE ON RADIO SETS

Japan has placed a license of fifty cents
onth on all radio SETS The fact is we'll es
tablished that our Government must have
more revenue. The rich man, he admits it.
is unable to stand raise in his income tax
SO we wonder if it would not be good idea
to follow Japan lead.
Plentywood herald., 1931-10-01
WESTBY

Westby-Mr. Fellons, receiver of the
Farmers State Bank was Plenty
wood business caller Monday.
Peter Miller and Walter Olsen tan
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-11

or 0.45 grams Of calcium a day. A
woman who is about to have child
or one who is nursing an infant
must have additional calcium to
supply the needs of the infant.
A growing child or animal needs
much more calcium than an adult
because it is dc,;'eloping bones
teeth.
Thus a child Of to IS years Of
age needs at least twice as much
calcium as does a grown person
For this reason milk is particu-
larly suited to the child's diet 1t
is rich in calcium and calcium In
milk is in easy disable form.
What is available in milk is in
most instances available in cheese.
Thus small piece of cheese, about
IL cubic inches, contains twenty
times as much calcium as four
ounces of beef and twelve times
as much as one egg yolk.
A certain amount of calcium must
always be present in the circulat-
ing blood. If this amount is re-
duced the whole body promptly has
disturbing symptoms. Among these
are convulsive conditions called
tetany, and other nervous reac-
tons.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-11

ect-since christened Hoover dam without congress
sional authorization-the administration threw the
construction job to ant-labor private companies in
stead Of leaving it TO the experienced and expert fed
eral reclamation service.
But that has not relieved the administration OF
responsibility for fair working conditions
At the best the Hoover dam will be cemented bv
the blood Of many workers At best many will die as
some already have died. in the tunnel and on the
rocks below the precipice. At best many will die as
some already have died. Of the heat, which has
ranged in the last three months from daily average
Of SO to 12O degrees.
For this dangerous work the men ask a minimum
wage Of only IS day. adequate drinking water and
primary sanitary and safety conditions 1t is a dis
grace that workers rsking their lives should have to
beg for such rights. 1t is worse disgrace that the
federal government has not interviewed to protect the
workers.
Surely Hoover does not want his name forever
given to dam whose unnamed builders were killed
or broken needlessy Perhaps the President has been
too busy with other affairs to know about conditions
at Hoover dam. Now that he knows, doubtless he will
act.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-11
The Law on Trial

In four recent Wickersham commission reports,
unbiased investigators have revealed the claw in
role sometimes as lawess as brutal and as inhuman
as it was in those dark decades of the Middle Ages.
The Vollmer report assailed the type Of lazy.
hard boiled, ilterate cop" too common in the av
erage American city, and called for more of the type
Of educated police officer.
The Tannenbaum report pictured American prS-
ons with their dungeons. whipping posts and other
barbarities. The Oppenheimer report showed the
branch of our federal government that should be
most humane the labor department, violating almost
every natural and legal right of aliens and United
States citizens in enforcing the deportation law.
Now by way of climax, the Chafee-S tern-Pollak
report legal lawlessness turns the light upon the
revolving practice of the third degree by American
city police unfair prosecutions by district attorneys
and widespread lawlessness in law enforcement
throughout our land.
In this We learn that Mrs. OLaughlin, Denver
murder suspect, twas taken from a sick bed to the
police department on Saturday at midnight, kept
awake, starved. grined from a. m. Sunday until
Thursday night virtually without intermssion, and
under unspeakably filthy conditions"
We learn of a prisoner in Miami being chained
to a floor infested with mosquitoes until he confessed
of Texas Negroes logged with cat-o-nine-tailS; of
New York prisoners beaten by police wearing box
ing gloves to protect their fists; of Oakland (Cal)
woman griled continuously for two weeks; of an
Arkansas Negro who confessed to murder after having
been whipped for six days
We learn that police choke suspects with neck
ties pour water through their noses beat them with
rubber hose. keep them awake for days. terrorize
them, subject them to unprintable abuses We learn
that the third degree is common in ten of fifteen
cities studied at close hand by the commissions in
vestigator, Ernest Hopkins
We learn that other Illegal and unfair practices
are common to prosecutons-denial Of counsel mis-
treatment Of witnesses, intimidation, improper jury
lists. of other denials of rights held funda-
mental by the Anglo-Saxon race since Runnymede
in 1915
These violations are not isolated examples, "but
manifestations of habitual and routine practices
They are not decreasing. Physical brutality illegal
detention and refusal to allow counsel are common
To win the war against crime, America first must
stamp out the brutes and crooks who wear the uni
form Of law and the robes OF court No one desires
this reform than do honest and efficient police
prosecutors and judges.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-11
HEALTH SERVICE

I in lean beef, eggs and milk. Sodium
magnesium and potassium are founc
in small amounts in most food sub
stances.
Iodine is found in sea foods and
also in many vegetables and plants
In the form of plant life, phospho-
rus is found in vegetables, whole
wheat cereals, particularly oatmeal,
and in dried beans and peas.
Iron is found in the same food
substances, but particularly in spin
ach, leafy green vegetables, and in
such fruits as apricotS, apples,
peaches and raisins.
Calcium is found in whole wheat,
rice. and in many vegetables, such
as beets, carrots, parsnips and po-
tatoes. Sulphur is also found in
plants of the various cereals and in
beans, peas and potatoes.
It is customary to consider cal
cium and phosphorus together be-
cause they seem to supplement each
other in building body tissue. They
are, of course, concerned primarily
with the building of bones and
teeth.
The average grown person must
have about one sixtieth of an ounce
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-11
Grasshopper Plaques

The current grasshopper invasion Of the west Is
no new experience The western pioneer frequently
compelled to against this insect, along with
bears, cougars, coyotes redskins and loan-shark
bankers.
The great plague years were 1856, 1867, and 1874.
In each case Of course the hoppers remained pest
for more than year. In the plague Of 1874 they
pestered some sections for three years.
In 1856 the western plains between the Mississippi
and the Rocky mountains were settled SO sparsely
that the damage done was relatively slight. but the
invasions of 1867 and 1874 were real calamites.
Descriptions Of the early plaques are often
dramatic and impressive. A prominent Iowa citizen
of the day. Cyrus Clay Carpenter thus describes the
of the grasshoppers during the plague of 1857
First appearance of these pests was on Sept. 8,
1867, when about noon. the air discovered to be
filled with grasshoppers coming from the west set
Ting down about fast the flakes Of ordinary
snowstorm; in fact. it appeared Ike a. snowstorm
when the larger flakes of fall perpendicularly
there being no wind"
They utterly destroyed standing grain, and even
ate the bark from trees and shrubs One writer said
of their depredations: Nothing could look more
disheartenng than wheat field with the bare stalks
standing, stripped of every leaf and the heads
utterly destroyed"
We have the most reputable testimony that the
grades Attracted by the heat they would gather on
the rails in great masses on sunny afternoons AS
they we're crushed under the wheels they creased
the rails and destroyed all friction between the rails
and the engine wheels.
The following is a wel-verihed description Of
experience of a Chicago & Northwestern train:
THE grade was pretty stiff and our train actually
came to a standstill on the rails, creased by the
crushed bodies of the insects. This occurred
than once, requiring the engineer to back up for
distance and then make rush for the summit, sand
ing the tracks literally as he did"
When told to friends back east these stories
derided incredible passed off typical products
of the frontier penchant for eXaggeration and
majestic falsehood.
Though the hogs and poultry fattened on the
hoppers the economic effect of these early invaslons
was devastating. About quarter of the farm owners
sold their farms for anything they could get and left
to Join relatives in the east went west to take up
a life of adventure in mining.
AS a writer of the time says: THE effect upon
individuals and the country depressing. Land
deprecated about one-half and people much
discouraged. 1t difficult to collect debts Bust
ness of all kinds suffered"
The farmers plowed and replowed, trying to kill
the grasshopper eggs Observers tell that such plowed
land often looked as though 1t had been sowed with
rice.
Some tried to wipe out the pests by using the
so-called hopper dozers" a board to which were
fastened cups of kerosene. AS soon as the hoppers
fell into the kerosene they we're done for. But moth
ing was of any great avail until the hoppers decided
to move on.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-11
&ZZZER-43SS
lsiTk]e9
ANNIVERSARY
R4f-te@.s%I
HENDERSON RESIGNS
August IL

august IL
ON Aug. II, 1917, Arthur Hender-
~ son, secretary of the British
Labor party, resigned from the
British war cabinet owing to the
governments dissatisfaction with
his support Of the Stockholm So
cialiSt conference.
IN the previous spring Hendersc7
had visited Russia, just after the
revolution. on behalf of the British
government, and found the then
provisional government strongly in
favor of international and socialist
conferences at Stockholm.
1t was his conviction that it would
be better that British repres Ia
tiveS go to the conference, rather
than permit Russia delegates to
meet German delegates there alone
Accordingly, on his return to
England he promoted the participa-
ton OF British labor in the confer
ence Two labor parties Endorsed
his attitude. but the Sailors and
Firemen's Union refused to carry
the delegates; and most other Labor
parties In allied countries did not
follow his lead.
When Lloyd George and his fell
low ministers indicated publicsy
their objection to his policy Hender-
son resigned.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-11
Temperature. 12O Deorees

Threat OF troops and machine guns is the reply Of
federal officials at Hoover dam to 14oO American
citizens who striking for meager wage and safety
conditions on one Of the hottest and most hazardous
construction jobs ever attempted in this country
For an administration that prides itself on efforts
to solve the unemployment problem and that claims
70 be interested in protecting high wages the only
road to prosperity this situation is not demonstra-
ton OF sincerity.
To be sure, the federal government is not the en-
poyer OF these strikers when the progresSves forced
through the legislation Of the great Boulder dam prof.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-11
1T SEEMS TO ME BY HE EEG2iS

a whole ten days in Russia, gave
his benediction to Stalinism. That
would be important, if it were not
for the fact that about year ago
Mr.. Shaw paid an equally fervent
tribute to the Fascism of MuS6o-
lini.
1t is not quite possible to be for
Russia and Italy at the same time,
since, in spite of surface resem-
blances. there is an actual gulf in
the economic theory.
Again, one is puzzled when he
remembers that Shaw upon many
occasions has expressed his faith in
pacifism. How, then, can he &C
cept, without qualification, the vast
military machine which has been
reared by Moscow?
I rather fear that George Ber-
nard Shaw ought to be listed
among the unsecured casualties of
the World war.
He did not meet that test with
the same quality as his Socialist
comrade Debs in America or his
labor colleague, Ramsay Macdonald,
in England.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-11
Just Every Day Sense
T1HE late D. H Laurence. a nrofound thinker
By MRS. WALTER FERGUSON

ME late D. H. Lawrence, profound thinker about
Il the sexes, advocated return to matriarchy
Contrary to the general masculine attitude he held
that only thus VIII regain his lost freedom
and save his personality from the ever-invading
horoes OF sik-stockinged females who now surround
possess and regulate him.
Matrlarchy, he reminds U.s. means mother rule The
her race and all property is bequeathed from mother
to daughter.
1t seems however, that matriarchy never has saved
women from the drudgery of life Like all other forms
OF government 1t leaves her to perform most of the
hard work. The men indulge in all the lively and
thrilling sports, such hunting and fighting. and
stock selling while the mothers look after the houses
and kids.
Mr. Lawrence goes so far as to say that matriarchv
is the only solution Of social problem If tried
II would free the men from the horrible bonds of
the family which now strangle them"
IT seems that in a matriarchy marriage is sec
Il ondary consideration with man, even more SO
than IN republic His first duty is to the tribe His
real life is not spent in his house. but at the gen
eral meeting place. the residence of the males where
all the religious and tribal rites performed and
from which women are usually excluded. A gors eous
masculine club, 1t must have been and very s"tsying
to nagged husbands.
Moreover, when boy has reached the age Of Is he
is taken from his mother and given in charge Of the
old men who initiate him into all forms Of masculine
proves
Thus, If the knew their onions, they would
whoop 1t up for matriarchy. BY giving woman full in
dependence and its corresponding responsibilities
they could satisfy her and regain their lost freedom
There might be something in this Will all the hen
pecked gentlemen please rise and vote AYE" on the
measure Freedom or property? Which shall it be7
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-11
NJ. E. Tracy

What Does the Third Degree
Amount to, Compared to
Murder, Theft, Gang Rule,
Raoketeering, Drug Smug-
Cling?
NEW YORK. Aug. 11.-As an iso-
IN la:ed proposition, you can't
quarrel with the Wickersham COM
missions report on the third de-
gree" but we are not dealing with
isolated propositions.
We are dealing with an epidemic
of laWlessness in which the third
degree" plays a mighty small part.
It's wrong, Of course, for police
men to punch, kick, cuff, or other
wise mistreat suspected persons.
You can go farther than that and
say it's wrong to keep suspected
persons without food or sleep for
too great a length of time while
they are being questioned.
When all is said and done, how
ever, you're not going to break
through such a conspiracy of silence
as we are up against with college
quiz methods.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-08-11
The Right Guns!

THERE were certain statements
L OF the playwright which might
we'll have been interpreted as in
opposition to the war. But he did
find refuge in such compromises as
the advice to the Irish to enlist in
the French army.
Certainly his was not a clear and
understandable voice during the
strain of those fierce and trying
days. And the ground which he
gave to the tanks and the big guns
never has been recovered.
The rebel is now a respectable
member not only Of the English
community, but of the world. His
radicalism has largely gone to mere
eccentricity. He is at the moment
heretical in not much more than a
cape -and-tweed way.
To me 1t is shocking that the man
who stood so solitary in the days Of
his mental force and vigor should,
after 10, take on so much Of the
modes of bandwagon jumpers. 1t is
the thing to do for tourists to ap-
plaud MuSsolini and to remark that
now the trains Of Italy run On time
Shaw did that.
And likewise tourists into Russia,
with few exceptions, glance to the
right and left and come away prais-
ing all they have seen without
much regard to some of the darker
crannies which serve to tarnish this
vast and courageous effort.
Shaw is on record as a believer
in Fabianism, and by no stretch Of
the imagination can the dictatorship
Of Stain be identified asa thing
wholly similar.
OF course, there are results in
common. But Lenin himself was
wise enough to insist that di( :
ence In method is as fundamental a
thing as split objective.
Shaw has spoken light and with
out much thought Of what Stain
ism could do for England.
He has neglected to &C der the
bloodshed which would have to be
paid if the same formula were car
ried out in the same way.
It is true, Of course, that nothing
which he says or does now can
truly detract from his great achieve
ment. I have always been willing