davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1931-09-25
A FORGOTTEN DUEL

Every American schoolboy has
been taught that George Washington,
during the eight years of the Revolu-
ton, had other enemies than the
British to fight. More than once
jealous generals sought to GUST him
and take his place. One OF these
attempts, the Conway conspiracy, is
referred to in all American history
books; but historians have passed |
over the story of the duel it caused
between General John Cadwalader
and Thomas Conway. Now, as we
near the celebration next year of the
Two Hundredth Anniversary OF
George Washington's Birth, all these
personal issues pertaining to his life
take on new interest, and this incid-
ent of Conway's duel needs to be're-
called.
We are informed by the United
States George Washington Bicenten-
NAL Commission that General Cad
walader so holly resented General
Conway's surreptitious move against
the Commander-in-Chie that he
challenged Conway to duel. Prob
ably the only record of what actually
took place between the two generals
was set down many years after the
event by Alexander Garden, an
officer in the Continental Army and
aide-de-camp to General Nathaniel
Greene.
AS described by Gardner, General
Cadwalder arrived at the appointed
rendezvous accompanied by General
Dickinson as his second, while
Conway's attendant was Colonel
Morgan. 1t was agreed by the Sec
onds that on the word being given,
the principals might fire in their own
time, either offhand or with deliber
ate aim.
The parties having taken their plac-
es and word being given, Conway
Immediately raised his pistol, fired,
and missed. General Cadwalader
was about to fire when strong gust
of wind disturbed his aim, and he
lowered his weapon.
"Why not fire, Genet al Cadwalad-
err" Conway tainted hin.
eve came here not to trifle,"
General Cadwalader retorted.
''When the wind has passed, you
will find me acting my part. u"
''You shall have every chance of
performing it WE'LL" Conway jerred,
and at once turned himself full face
to his adversary.
General Cadwalader fired, and Con-
way fell forward on his face, the bullet
entering his mouth and carrying
away silver of his iawbone. The
wound, however, was not fatal.
The call of honor having been
satisfied, the officers, Garden re-
cords, parted without resentment,
and Conway lived to write to George
Washington a letter of sincere re-
pentance for his part in the cabal
against the Commander in Chief.
Whether Washington replied is not
known to history. No answer has
ever been found.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1931-09-25

and probable extent of the load dur
ing the next winter by various federal
agencies is now in progress.
"Mr. Clifford is president of the
American Telephone and Telegraph
Company, president of the Charity
Organization Society of New York and
during the war was director OF the
United States Council Of National De-
tense. I am appointing a nationwide
advisory committee to assist Mr.. Gift
ford.
1.-THE task of proper assistance to
the deserving is one which will again
appeal to the generosity and humanity
of our whole people. It is a task
which our nation will perform. for in
no people is there developed higher
sense of local responsibility and of
responsibility of every man to his
neighbor." nL
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1931-09-25

So the care OF the Gamers
really starts in the soil in which
their products are grown. Some
Of them even produce their own
raw materials, and hire agricul.
tural experts to handle that part
Of the business for them. Not
only must the various fruits and
vegetable products be varieties
suitable for canning, but these
products must be grown near
enough to the cannery to permit
them to ripen fully in the field
and to insure prompt canning.
Gamers usually select their own
seeds or stocks, or advise their
grower, or the farmer for whose
crops they have contracted, in
their selection.
After proper seed selection
follow proper cultivation, proper
harvesting and prompt delivery.
All this is essential to the pro-
duction of good raw material.
The Gamer follows the seed from
the soil to the can. He knows,
for instance, that he must have
pure seed peas of uniformly ma
turing varieties so that they will
ripen evenly and, with favorable
weather and under proper super
vision, yield satisfactory prod
uct. If either the seed or the
weather prove unreliable, the
product will not be satisfactory,
and that is his risk.
Farmer Benefits
One great risk is eliminated,
however, for the farmer who sells
his crops to the Gamer in ad.
vance. That is the risk of market
and market price. So he can de-
vote all his efforts to raising good
food, and the road from farm to
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1931-09-25

The exhaust gas from an
automobile will "gas" rats in
their burrows. Attach a hose
to the exhaust pipe and hold it
in the burrow, letting the
engine run at moderate speed
for about 10 minutes.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1931-09-25
HOpeWen M. E. Charge
J. H. Whedbee, Minister

Hopewell Charge
Sunday School 10000 a. m.
Divine Worship 1900 a. m.s
and 1880 p. m.
Asbury Church
Sunday School 900 p. m.
Divine Worship 800 p. IN.
Every second Sunday-Sune
day School $3.50 a. m.
Divine Worship 7;3Q D. m
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1931-09-25

Excessive liberty leads both
nations and individuals into
excessive slavery.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1931-09-25

Without doubt it is a delight
full harmony when doing and
saying together.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1931-09-25

Drawback to a poor man
leading a; double life is that he
isn't getting a double income,
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1931-09-25

Defect of all Funds of |
humor" is that they play out.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-08-28
Plan Living Monument to
Honor Long Friendship.

Toronto, Ont.-The project Of an in
ternational peace garden on the bound
airy line between United States and
Canada is proceeding. Before very
long ii will be possible for the spon-
SorS TO announce the site of this mod
ern Eden of trees, shrubs and flowers
which will be laid out as living
monument to the long amity of the
two nations.
Then, according % 81. j. Moore OF
Islington, Ont, who conceived the
idea and is now international secre-
tary of the scheme, the drive for
funds will be on in earnest. Funds
have been coming in, although no spe-
cial effort has been made to induce
them. These have been spontaneous
gifts from people who have, either in
dividually or in groups, been seized
by the graphic beauty of the plan to
make boundary garden.
1t was August, 1929, when Mr..
Moore first outlined the idea to the
National Association of Gardeners of
America at their annual convention in
Toronto. 1t was enthusiastically in
dorsed and received such support that
today SO national, state and provin-
cial organizations have put their
pledges behind it
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-08-28
"a Nations Have Sanctioned
Proposed Calendar.

Paris, France.-The year soon will
have Is months instead of II if
proposal sponsored by the League of
Nations and supported by "a nations
goes into effect, according to Moses
B. Cotsworth, director of the Inter
national Fixed Calendar league.
Disadvantages of the present calen-
dar, Cotsworth said are due to three
undisputed defects: The months are
unequal; the month is not an exact
multiple of the week. as the ordinary
years consists of 365 days, just one
day over so weeks, the week days
change each year to different dates.
Several plans have been proposed to
remedy these defects. but the plan
which is claimed to have the most
advantages and is most practical from
the modern point of view is the inter
national fixed calendar.
The new month, which would be in
serted between June and July, in or
der to take up the days left over from
the 2S-day months would be called
Sol.
Under the new calendar Sunday
would fall on the first, eight, fifteenth
and twenty-second of the month. The
day of the week would always indi-
cate the monthly date and conversely.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-08-28

of the United States and in one of these suits
Daniel Webster and Rufus Choate were en-
ployed as counsel for Massachusetts,. ChOate. to
illustrate the Indebtedness of certain boundary
lines, said before the Massachusetts legislature:
'The commissioners might as well have de-
cided that the line between the states was
bounded On the north by bramble bush. on
the south by blue jay, the west by hive
of bees in swarming time and on the east by
500 foxes with firebrands tied to their tails"
How boundary lines have changed during the
years from the first English settlement to the
present time is well illustrated in the case OF
the state of Virginia. The Virginia Charter OF
1909 included the area extending west to the
"South Sea-" that is, the Pacific ocean, called
Mar del Sur (SOuth Seal by Balboa in 1913.
when he first saw it at place where the shore
line runs nearly east and west. In 1909 no one
knew how far away from the Atlantic the South
Sea" was, and some of the other colonies had
charters stating the same western limit
Along the Atlantic coast Virginia extended
from point 200 miles north of Point Comfort
to a point the same distance south. So at one
time Virginia owned all OF what is now North
Carolina, Tennessee, Kentucky. West Virginia.
Maryland, and Delaware and parts Of South
Carolina, Georgia. Alabama Mississippi, Illinois,
Indiana, Ohio and Pennsylvania. But In the
next century and half she lost a large part
of that territory. The Carolina charters of 1863
1865 took away from her the land south Of the
present southern boundaries. Lord Baltimore's
Maryland colony deprived her of the Chesa-
peake Bay region. After the Revolution she
coded to the new republic in 1884 the territory
northwest of the Ohio river. In 1872. Kentucky
was organized as a separate state by her con-
sent and In 1862 when the Civil war rent the
nation what is now West Virginia was sepa-
rated from the mother state
Indiana Is another state which once COM
prised vast area, including all of Illinois and
Wisconsin, most of Michigan and a large part
Of Minnesota. Perhaps the largest territory once
held by present state that Of Missouri
In 1872 the name of the territory of Louisiana
was changed to territory of Missouri and at the
time it included all of the original Louisiana
Purchase except the present state Of louisiana
But gradually Missouri. territory and state was
whitfield down. losing most Of Oklahoma and
Arkansas to the latter in 1919 and parts of
Texas. Colorado. Kansas and New Mexico TO
Spain in the same year. In 1884 Missouri lost
all of Iowa, and parts Of Minnesota North and
South Dakota to Michigan and in 1854 most OF
Montana. the rest of North and South Dakota.
parts OF Wyoming and Colorado and all Of Ne
braska to the latter and to Kansas. when the
Kansas and Nebraska territories were organized
n that year
g by Western Newspaper Union)
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-08-28
Garden Spot on U. S.-Canada Line

Recently a wave of support has
come from the Middle West and
South, particularly from .1anitoba, the
Dakotas, Kansas, Nebraska and Texas.
These are states on the g. eat Can
ada-to-Canal highway, called already
the Main street of America-which
will eventually run from Churchill on
Hudson bay, down through Canada, the
United States, Mexico, and Central
America to Cape Horn. 1t will be, it
is claimed. the worlds greatest high
way and will make it possible to
motor from the sub-Arctic of Canada
through the tropics to the southern
tip of the continent.
The road now runs from Bowsman
and Swan River, Manitoba, across the
boundary and down through the
United States to Mexico City. 1t is
not yet completed highway through
out.
The reason for the recent strong
wave of support from regions on the
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-08-28

Canada-to-Cana highway 10 evident
from the fact that the road runs
through an area that is being cOnsid-
cred as pOssible-One might almost
write probable-site for the Interna-
tional Peace garden. This area is Tur-
tie mountains, on the boundary be-
tween Manitoba and North Dakota,
one of the few heights land in the
midwest prairies.
Geographically this area could not
have been more ideally located for
its purpose. 1t as on this main north
south highway of the continent and
on the boundary line almt st exactly
midway between New York and Van
couver.
1t is, in fact, almost at the exact
geographical center of the North
American continent.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-08-28

ployed at trades for which they are
fitted. Others are given temporary
work or are used on construction
projects at the prisons.
While contending that overcrowding
has been a leading cause of riots in
other states and that Pennsylvania
temporarily faces similar conditions
pending construction of the new East
ern penitentiary. Hmm; held the pris-
on work program is balancing the
overcrowded condition to keep dis
turbances among prisoners to a mini
mum.
Eight hours a day of healthful,
hard labor keeps a man close to nor
NAL life and leaves him comfortably
tired at night with little inclination
to conspire for rioting," Hanna said.
Nothing. however, can be said to
be sure preventive"
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-08-28
l3-Month Year Fast Gaining Friends

the monthly dare would indicate it's
weekday name.
The complete four weeks would ex-
actly quarter all months, harmonizing
weekly wages and expenses with
monthly rents and other accounts.
Each month-end would coincide with
the week end. Fractions of weeks at
month ends would cease. Easter
could be fixed with benefit to churches,
certain industries and schools. AS
there would be Is monthly settlements
during the year insteal of II. there
would be a faster turnover in money
and the same volume of business
could be handled with less money, re-
sultine in considerable saving in ev-
cry country.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-08-28

1. Map of the United States showing aeees-
sions of territory since 1885,
2. The highest point in the United States
Mount Whitney in California, 1896 feet above
level.
8. Northernmost point in United States terri
tory-Point Barrow in Alaska, latitude II de-
grees, 25 minutes north.
a. Southernmost point in United States terri
tory-Rose island In the Pacific ocean, latitude
IA degrees, 80 minutes SOUTH
5. Map of the United States showing acces-
sions of territory from 1903 to 1853.
6. The lowest point in the United States
Death valley in California, ZIG feet below sea
level.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-08-28

Indians led by Chief Black Hawk one
hundred years ago.
A spring which supplied the set
tiers with water when they sought
refuge within the stronghold still
flows.
There is movement under way to
rebuild the ancient structure and
utilize it as a museum. The fort is
probably the last relic of the kind
in existence in the Middle West.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-08-28
Butter Is Sc a Pound
Under Rule of Soviets

London.-S. koldofsky, who has just
returned from a mission in Russia on
behalf of the British Federation of
Jewish Relief Organizations, reports
the following price list for food in Mos
COW: Milk, AZ cents a pint; eggs, SO
cents each; butter 1924 pound; or
anges, 50 each.
Chocolate, coffee, cocoa and lemons
can only be obtained through food
bootleggers and at prohibitive prices.
Only workers possessing working
cards" can obtain tea, and then only
a quarter of pound per week is al
lowed for four
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-08-28

Little Countess Marietta Wurmbrand
of Napajedla, Moravia, has forwarded
to the president of CzechOslOvakia
her own check for $4,000, drawn on
the Childrens' Bank of Prague, with a
little letter requesting him to apply 1t
towards the reduction of the national
debt. Countess .Lariette possesses
large fortune in her own righl. She
belongs to a well-known Syrian noble
family and is descended rom King
Matthias [.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-08-28
Laws Allows Horse
One Bite, One Kick

Los Angeles.-Following the
old rule that a dog is entitled to
one bite. a court here went a
step further and ruled that a
horse cannot be denied a single
nibble. or for that matter, one
kick-but not both.
Harry GOldstein. dealer in
cast-off articles, sought S725
from Frank Martin. operator of
a riding stable, charging that a
horse he had rented from Mar
tin had attempted TO bite his
hand.
The judge ruled that Goldstein
must show that Martins horse
was of a habitual vicious ma
ture. The junk dealer couldn't
prove that he horse had pre-.
viously bitten or kicked and lost
the suit.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-08-28
Prisoner Paints Desert
Scenes on Jail Walla

Ell Centric. Calif.-No longer will
Sheriff George L. Campbell have to
purchase pictures for his walls.
Capturing Charley Wrench. the
sheriff incarcerated him in the county,
Jail, where Wrench. to pass the spare
time. painted scenes of the desert.
On his Office wall now the sheriff
has realistic depletion of a typical
desert scene with rocks. brush. hills.
and ocatillo and cacti in evidence
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-08-28
Good Hard Work Used to
Foil Breaks in Jails

Harrisburg, Pa.-Pennsylvania pris-
oners are too tired riot, according
TO State Welfare Secretary John L.
Hanna, who attributes hard work for
the prisoners as the most effective de
terrent on prison outbreaks
Hanna said that S7S men in four
state institutions are regularly en-
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-08-28
Ancient Log Fort Still
Stands at Woodbine. Ill.

Woodbine. Ill.-Still standing near
here and in fair state of preserva-
ton is a fort of logs. surrounded by
a stockade, which the early settlers
constructed as a protection against
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-08-28
BY ELMO SCOTT WATSON

YOU want to learn more about the
country in which you live than you
have ever known before, send fifty
cents to the superintendent Of doc
uments at the United States gov
eminent printing Office in Wash
ington and tell him to send you
Bulletin No. ST of the United
States geological survey. The 9TH
er name for that publication Is,
"RnundaripS Areas Geopranhic
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-08-28

Athens is to have moving picture
theater which will be the largest In
the near east
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1931-08-28
Dimple on Knee Worth
$3.50, Seattle jury Rules

Seattle, Wash. Sepotz,
twelve-year-old schoolgirl. believed her
dimpled knee was worth $4,000. but a
Superior court jury decided that $3.50
was enough to pay for the loss of a
dimple on that part of the anatomy.
A dog belonging to Everete e. Hockey
took a bite out of Miss Sepotz' knee
and she sued for $4,000.
Careless smokers last year caused
half of Michigan's forest fires.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-04-24
WOODS BELIEVES
SLUMPS DURABLE
Emergency Committee Head
Declares Old Cycle Idea
Is Passing.

~ the Associated Press.
PHILADELPHIA, April "a. - The
theory that economic depressions are
inevitable and part OF the business
cycle was questioned yesterday by
Chairman Arthur Woods of the PreSi-
dents Emergency Employment Com
nittee.
woods told the American Philosoph-
zeal Society that out of the present con-
ditions NAV emerge a solution for pre-
venting future periods OF unemploy-
ment. Without mentioning unemploy-
ment insurance as anything more than
zone great tendency" OF industry TO
work out its problem, he predicted ois-
covery Eat any time" of a practical
working plan for tnsuring workers
against lay-off.
Fair Chance Due All.
Saying the free state Of any govern
nnent loves a man the fair chance TO
make a living" Woods said the present
period of economic distress had brought
a change in view of industry and the
country generally toward the condition.
mot many years ago." he said, in
d,Istrial depressions were regarded as
Inevitable. Now we are begin
ming to think otherwise. Perhaps. de-
pressions are not inevitable. Perhaps
instead OF DeulR III TIE Sldeo VA SNOAhto
at sea these phenomena are prevent
able. more like plague, pestilence or
famine"
Woods asserted the Presidents emer-
Rency committee In cooperation with
Industry was working to find pre-
ventive formula against future depres-
sions as well as to relieve unemploy-
ment now.
Never before has there been such an
attack on unemployment; never before
has there been such constructive prog
reSs made" he said.
Examination Of Laws.
Woods added, 1.-THE people are won
dering whether the time has not come
for a thoroughgoing examination OF the
laws by which corporations are regu-
lated TO the end of removing the ne
cessity for ruthless and ruinous COM
petition, yet at the same time protect
ing the rights of the people"
Woods also advocated the collection
of additional statistics such as stocks
of goods and debts of consumers to
dealers ITO point out ahead of time
the tendencies toward change"
He said he had obtained an estimate
Of sl0,500, 000, 900 as the aggregate debt
Of consumers to dealers, which he said
will have to be paid before there can
be much increase in consuming power.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-04-24

bronze tablet once afnxed 70 the waIl
Of the old brick Capitol In commemora-
ton Of Monroe's Inauguration.
The descendants of Monroe have
turned his law ONCE in Fredericksburg
into a museum, and the tablet will be
added to the historic collection. It came
into possession OF the Womans Party
when the old Capitol Building was
presented to the party by Mrs. o. H. P.
Belmont.
Later the old Capitol was RACED to
make way for the Supreme Court
Library, but the tablet was preserved.
It commentaries the first outdoor
Inauguration, on the steps of the old
Capitol, March 4, 1917.
Among those who will take part In
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-04-24

night in the auditorium Of the new
National Museum.
Representative Ruth Bryan Owen Of
Florida, DR.. Cloyd Heck Marvin, presi-
dent Of George Washington Univer-
sity, and Stephen e. Kramer, assistant
superintendent of District schools, will
act as judges. The girls participating
Girl Scouting Is O National Asset"
The competitors are Barbara Fenton,
Frances Marshall, Margaret Snow, Jane
Xix. Winifred Bowman and Sylvia
Waldman. The winner will be given a
two-week vacation at Camp May
Father
Miss Dorothy Greene, director Of the
District Girl Scouts, will preside, and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-04-24
MODERN THINKING CAP
is SCIENTIFIC WONDER
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
BIRMINGHAM. Ala, April PA
tube a tired business man can slip over
his head to give his brain cells an IN
MIGRATING diet Of electrons was one OF
the wonders Of science presented today
to the convention here Of the American
Electro Chemical Society.
The same tube can be used to reduce
fever, J. A. Lee, connected with trades
publication, explained. The tube con-
sists of electrons in a vacuum.
DR.. Colin Fink Of Columbia Univer-
sity, secretary Of the society, tomorrow
viii explain the result of eight years
work IN developing method Of electro
plating with tungsten, one Of the hard
est known metals.
A process has been worked out, DR..
Fink said, whereby the tungsten can
be placed on metals with the conse-
quent result that furnishing and cor
rosion will be eliminated.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-04-24
Landover Burial Set.

Landowner, Md, April "a Especially
for Daniel Barron, So years
old, who died Wednesday at his home
near here, we're TO be held there
this afternoon. Interment was to be
In Evergreen Cmetery at Bladensburg.
Mr.. Barron, a carpenter and builder,
had lived in this section for years.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-04-24

the presentation at 2:So o'clock Sunday
afternoon win be Mrs. Harvey w. Wiley,
Mrs. Rose Gouveneur Hoes and Mayor
Jere H. willis Of Fredericksburg.
The visitors will be entertained at
dinner at / o'clock.