davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-08

mistS dispute. Let an unprecedented
number of Panama hats appear
throughout a nation which is supposed
to be depressed.
Such matters will right themselves,
in time, for surely enough wise minds
are concerned with them. But as for
telling you which bird begins the
morning chorus in the trees, who Will
do it except yourself?
y X \
who cares?" snorts some ardent ma
terialiSt who believes that sport Is only
good when 1t can be translated into
$3.50, 900 for a series of short films.
But sport is sport, and it Is a kind
of sport to wake up early enough to
be sure which songster cheeps the first
of all, just as the red dawn energies
from the lavender sky.
The purple, orchid, lavender, hello
trope tintS of pre-daybreak are not yet
at their best. They require particular
sort Of morning, weather just made
for them. We have 1t not yet.
Still there are puppies and orchids
early morning sky before any birds sing.
That word "heliotrope," bearing the sun
proudly at its fore, proves 1t.
A faint sound breaks the stiffness.
"Cheer, cheer cheer!" cries the
cardinal, gathering strength with each
repetition.
1t is the cardinal, beautiful, brave
Cardinals cardinals!
He is discovered at last.
A great truth is out.
Tomorrow 1t may be some other bird,
the melancholy thrush, perhaps, but
this morning 1t is Americas favorite,
the cardinal, and every one is glad.
Every one Is glad, that is, who is awake
to hear.
This is a happy discovery indeed,
the recumbent one tells himself.
This were worth getting up early for.
One more star has been put in the
galaxy Of useless but interesting infor-
nation. Henceforth, If any inquisitive
person shall ask, What bird sings first
in the morning." one may answer
proudly, from first-ear information,
THE cardinal. the grosbeak. any of sew
eral species Of American song birds OF
the finch family"
There is no more beloved bird than
the cardinal, with its loud, CHEEKY song,
its bright red plUmage and bill, It's black
face and pointed crest.
Once upon time it was a favorite
Gagged bird, and perhaps still is in some
sections Of the country, but one seldom
sees a cardinal imprisoned in this juris-
6iction, which is well.
\
The cardinal bird got its name by a
curiously roundabout route.
1t comes indirectly from the Latin
cardo, the hinge of door
A hinge, of course, is that on which
door turns or depends.
Hence we get the meaning OF fun
damental, important, pre-eminent, SUI
perior, chief, principal.
Ecclesiastical princes were called
cardinals because they were those upon
whom things turned, because they were
pre-eminent, chief, principal in the
church.
1t happened that the outstanding
part of their costume was the red hat,
and it was this red which became
known as cardinal red; and 1t was this
color which caused the brilliant bird to
be called cardinal
Cheer. cheer, cheer" he calls, wax
ing the world to another day.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-08
Sir Hubert and the Nautilus.

Despite almost universal condemna-
ton because of the dangers Of its mis-
sion and the uselessness Of scientific
data which can be obtained If success
crowns its efforts. the submarine Maui
titus, with Sir Hubert wilkins in COM
mand Of crew of twenty-five coura-
Reous men, is on its way for an at
tempted journey under the ice to the
North Pole. The whole world ardently
wishes Sir Hubert and his brave COM
panions success with the daring ex-
pertinent because success means that
the party will return alive, but at the
same time the feeling exists that there
Is nothing to gain and everything to
lose from such an ill-advised expedition.
Certainly, to most persons it matters
nothing what the temperature of the
water 4p one hundred feet beneath -
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-08
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN.

What Is your question? Whatever it
may be, unless it be a request for legal,
medical or financial advice, it will be
answered without cost to you and you
will receive the reply in a personal let
ter. Write your question clearly and
briefly. tnclose 2-cent stamp for return
postage and address The Evening Star
Information Bureau, Frederic J, Haskin,
director, Washington, D. c.
Q. Why the expression over the
radio. by special permission Of the
copyright owners"?-A. S.
A. 1t signifies that the selection has
been released by the American Society
Of Authors, Publishers and Composers
for use at that time. This restriction is
made so that pieces will not be heard
too often.
@. How many times did Jack Demp-
sey score a knockout in one round?-
r. E. T.
A. One of the remarkable feats Of
Dempsey's record Is "a men knocked out
in one round.
@. What is the source of the phrase.
the moving finger writes?"-J. H. K.
A. 1t is from the "Rubaiyat" of Omar
Khayyam.
@. Please give some facts about the
financial set-up Of the Empire State
Building in New York.-N. A. M
A. 1t Is owned by Empire State, In
no securities TO the public. While its
affairs are not published, it is a matter
Of record that there is first mortgage
Of $27 100000 held by the Metropolitan
Life Insurance Co, with interest from
6 to 5H per cent as the mortgage IS
reduced by amortization. There IS a
second mortgage Of Sl3,500, 900 at per
cent, and an issue of S10,00o,o00 non
par stock. The second mortgage and
the stock are owned entirely by men
who are closely associated with the
building.
@. When does the Geological Society
Of America meet?-J. B.
A. 1t meets annually, usually in De-
cember. Its last meeting was held IN
Toronto, Ontario, in December of last
year. and the meeting this year will be
held at Tulsa, Okla.
O. What kind of cherries are used
for maraschino cherries?-E. w.
A. The maraschino cherries are ma
rasca cherries which have been pitted
and put IN the rnaraSchino liquor
Maraschino is a liquor distilled from
the fermented Juice OF the marasca
cherry and favored with the broken
kernels.
Q. What is the length OF the automo-
bile racetrack In Indianapolis III.
M T.
A. 1t is 2lz miles around the tracks.
@. What is the derivation Of the word
'infantry"?-R. w. U.
A. The history of the word traces the
term back to the name given to the
page of knight.
@. When were the dead first Gre
mated?-J. F. K.
A. Cremation Of the dead was the
general practice Of the ancient world
with the important exceptions of Egypt,
where bodies were embalnaed; Judea,
where they were buried in sepulchers,
and China, where they were buried in
the earth.
O. When was Rawls' View Of the
Constitution" taught at West Point?-
G. McC.
A. 1t was first used in the Academy
in 1926 and its use discontinued in 1927.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-08

9. What proportion of the settlers on
reclamation projects makes a success Of
the venture?-M. H.
A. The Department OF the Interior
says that some years ago it was esti-
mated that about one IN three attempts
on reclamation projects was successful.
The number Of successful ones at the
present time is greater, however. as 1t
is required that the person desiring to
make an entry qualify in several re-
SpectS. For instance, he must have
sufficient money for expenses while the
land is being put into shape, and he
must pass an examination proving he is
an experienced farmer.
@. How was the Bank of Stephen
Girard started in Philadelphia?-S. B.
A. Stephen Girard invested largely in
the shares Of the old Bank Of the
United States in 1910, and in 1912,
upon the lapeing of its charter, pur-
chased a controlling interest and the
buildings. He named it the Bank OF
Stephen Girard, and, retaining the cid
officers, made it one Of the foremost
financial institutions Of the country.
O. When will the First Liberty Loan
be called inc. D.
A. The Treasury Department says that
and after June is, 1882. The depart
ment has not yet formulated plan as
to whether the call will be made for
these loans at that time.
@. What is ligne?-B. E. L.
A. Ligne is a French measure Of length
equal to 226 millimeters, or 0,08S5 inch.
@. Where can the Eplstle of Barnabas
L.
A. The Epistle is found In the Codex
Sinaiticus in the appendix added to
that document.
Q. Why is a chaise-lounge SO called?-
E P. E
A. Chaise-lounge is an incorrect spell
ing Of the French chaise-longue, which
literally means long chair.
@. How much of the address side of
a post card may be used for writing or
adyertisement?-W. T. c.
A. One-third of the address sidc
may be used.
@. Please give some information con-
corning the Hoover War Memorial LIZ
brary.-N. H
A. This library is at Leland Stan
ford University. A building on the
campus houses the library, which IS the
most complete Of this kind in the United
States and perhaps il the world. The
building was opened soon after the war.
Additions to the collection of books are
constantly being made, and even now
a member of the board Of trustees Is N
Europe collecting material.
@. What kind OF dogs are large
enough to throw man when used as
watch dogs?-B G.
A. A Great Dane or mastiff could
90 So German shepherd dogs and
bull terriers are good watch dogs, but
are not large enough to handle man.
@. What colors are used in the but
tonhole rosettes by the Sons OF the
American Revolution, Society Of the
War of 1912 and Colonial VARS
r. McC
A. The rosettes worn by the Sons
of the American Revolution are blue,
buff and white. Those of the Society
of the War of 1912 are blue, black and
white. with a red thread in the center.
Those Of the Society of Colonial Wars
are nearly all red. with little black.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-08
SHOOTING STARS.
BY PHILANDE7 JOHNSON.

A Moment.
Just a moment for a smile,
Even though a sorrow
With a sullen hint of guile
Threatens for the morrow.
Hard the lesson is and long,
If we've truly learned 1t,
Just a moment for a Songl
Surely We have earned it.
Fiercely frets the storm on high
With relentless seeming,
Till the stars that fill the sky
Light us to our dreaming.
Then a smile, or else song,
Helping us to borrow
Strength to face the task so long
We must meet tomorrow.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-08
The Gas Pressure Report.

The Federation Of Citizens .Associa-
lions has again raised the two points
that have interested everybody since
the Public Utilities Commissions battle
with the gas companies over pressure
regulations. The first of these is the
penalty that should be demanded for
oefying or otherwise failing to abide by
pressure regulations; the second is
what reimbursement to consumers the
gas companies should make in those
cases where consumers bills were I'm
duly high because Of excessive gas pres
sure. The federation, by adopting the
carefully drawn report Of its investigat-
hM subcommittee, has properly PASSED
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-08
The King Business.
From the Milwaukee Sentinel.

FROM the Milwaukee, Sentinel.
The business of ruling as an enter
prise for the personal profit of the
monarch is illustrated neatly by an
audit of the royal accounts of Spain.
The total wealth of Alfonsos family
was found to be S8,487,417. OF this the
total Of Alfonso's personal fortune is
$2,618, $50, of which 81 1884, 25 is safely
sailed away in banks in France and
Switzerland, where the Spanish Repub-
licanS cannot get 1t.
Alfonso with his eye out for his own
profit, was no worse than other mon
archs of European countries which per-
mitted large powers to reside in the
throne. Wherever a King had power
he had a large bank account.
A kingdom, as Alfonso saw 1t, and
as the Austrian Emperors. the German
KaiSers, the Russian Tsars and the
Balkan princes saw it, was large and
complicated business, given by God for
the profit and ACKNOWLEDGMENT Of the
royal house. Rivers of blood were shed,
from the time that England beheaded
Charles to the time that Alfonso
scurried out of Madrid with lis check
book in his pocket before all West I'm
Europe learned that Cod had no In
terest in the shabby King business.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-08

Columbia University has started q
survey to determine just how age, sex
and occupation affect the grazing Of
human hair. Almost any child can tell
how sex affects this process, or. at
least, its visible manifestation.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-08

Psychologists now inform us that
Abraham Lincoln was a "schizoid
manic" type. All right. now tell us how
to go about getting more Of them for
the country.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-08

Naturalized citizens are advised TO
pattern their own lives after those OF
Washington, Lincoln, Hale and Henry.
1t is not improbable that some of them
will think the last one refers TO Ford.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-08

Just think; in spite of the depres-
sion, Americans consumed 1885, 617,903
pounds of candy last year. And whole
lot Of taffy In addition to that.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-08

The movie world is somewhat like the
heavens, having both fixed and variable
stars. plenty of satellites. an occasional
comet, and now and then a shooting
star.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-08
Spanish Progress.

From the Flint Daily Journal.
Here Spain has just got through with
one revolution, and now 1t Is going to
admit women. to seats in the new AS
sembly.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-08
All Other States and Canada.
Member of the Associated Press.

The Associated Press is exclusively entitled
to the use for republication of all news dis
patches credited to 1t or not otherwise cred
tied in this paper and also the local news
published herein. All rights of publication OF
special dispatches herein are also reserved.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-08
Plenty Here.

From the Lynchburg News.
DIR. Charles G. Abbot thinks there Is
q low form Of life on Mars. But why
20 to Mars in search of 1t?
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-08
Perfect Freedom.

From the Jackson Citizen-Patriot.
In Russia, everybody has the absolute
right to do what Mr.. Stain tells him
to do.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-08

More than sixty distinct types Of oats
have been found adaptable for farms.
All are tame.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-08
Rate by Carrier Within the City.

she Evening star...........45c per month
The Evening and Sunday star .,
when 4 Sundays .;...... 6Oc per month
The Evening and Sunday Star
when 5 Sundays .,........ csc per month
The Sunday Star ............5c per copy
Collection made at the end Of each month.
Orders may be sent in by mail or telephone
National 5000.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-08
Getting Started.


How did you get your start in
politics."
IT wanted to reform every thing that
came my way" replied Senator Sor-
ghum. And I attracted the attention
of a practical politician who just then
happened to need an industrious young
reformer In his business"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-08
Wife's Sense of Humor.

From the Los Angeles Times.
If the wife laughs at your jokes, you
can be sure either that you know some
good ones or you have a good wife.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-08
Forecasting a Career.

IF my boy Josh ever goes into poll
tics" remarked Farmer CorntoSsel, Il
reckon he'll be one O. these favorite
sons"
What makes you think SOP"
HE works terrible hard for the first
few days an then isn't heard from the
rest of the season"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-08
An Admirer Of Song.

IT like to hear my wife sing"
so do t. replied Mr.. Meekton. ut
is only when Henrietta sings that my
mind is absolutely at ease about what
she is going to say next"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-08

Politicians, like carpenters, continue
to find that it is easier to saw out
dry plank than a wet one.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-08
Aggravation.

The man of gentle mood and just,
Who doesn't want to have fight,
Becomes so angry when he must,
He's sure to see the Job done right.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-08
Experienced.

From the Toledo Blade.
There isn't really much. difference be-
tween an old fool and youEg fool, eX-
cept that the old fool haa1f1ad more
practice.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-08

Jud Tunkins says many young man
with fine future has used most of it
up admirin' It's possibilities.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-08
Sunersensitiyeness.

The egotist with mind alert.
Is bound to get his feelings hurt.
Assuming with suspicion grim
Each passing jest is aimed at him.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-08

Rate by Mall-Payable In Advance.
MARYLAND and Virginia.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-08

The Evening Star NeWSpapef COMPANY
Business Once:
18th st. and Pennsylvania Ave
New York once: ITO East 42nd st.
Chicago once: Lake Michigan Building.
European Office: IA Regent ST., LONDON
England
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-08

de bigger a nuisance man Is" said
Uncle Eben, de more he's afraid dat
mebbe somebody won't notice how big
a nuisance he kin be-"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-08

DR.. william H. Wilmer, oculist. eX-
traordinary, whose latest triumph is
the diagnosis which led to the King
of Slams restored sight, was once
chided by a patient for maintaining
his headquarters on I street north
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-08
star Newspaper Company

THEODORE w. MOVES. D.. Editor
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-08

@. Where can the Epistle of Barnabas
be found?-B. G.
A. The Epistle is found In the Codex
Sinaiticus in the appendix added to
that document.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-08

Q. When will the First Liberty Loan
be called inc. D.
A. The Treasury Department says that
a First Liberty Loan is redeemable on
and after June Is. 1882. The depart
ment has not yet formulated plan as
to whether the call will be made for
these loans at that time.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-08

@. How much of the address side Of
a post card may be used for writing or
adyertisement?-W. T. C.
A. One-third of the address SIDE
may be used.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-08

Q. Why is q chaise-lounge SO called?-
E P E.
A. Chaise-lo lounge is an incorrect spell
ing Of the French chaise-longue, which
literally means a long chair.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-08

@. What is a ligne?-B. E. L.
A. Ligne is a French measure Of length
equal to 2.26 millimeters, or 00885 inch.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-06-08

Gov. Franklin D. Roosevelt Of New
York, recognized today as leading
candidate for the Democratic nomina-
ton of President next year, will be
subjected to the keenest scrutiny from
today until the Democratic National
Convention begins its balloting. Every
thing he says VIII be interpreted by his
friends and his opponents. If he makes
a misstep it will Immediately be magni-
fed His attitude toward legislative
Investigation of New York City's affairs
and toward Tammany will be measured
by the Democrats who fear to nominate
as their presidential candidate a man
who may be saddled with the Tammany
label
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-19

for such reasons permitted. But the
Commissions engineer points out that
las the city has grown and consump-
ton has increased the limitations of the
rules have been exceeded until, during
the past Winter, the excuses have been
of far greater extent than heretofore. /"
The results of such excuses, together
with improperly adjusted appliances, are
enumerated by the commissions engi-
neer as being the possibility Of gener-
ating carbon monoxide gas, which is
poisonous, and inefficiency in gas con-
sumption. which may lead to waste and
higher bills.
The new ownership bought the gas
company for the legitimate purpose of
making money. 1t reduced rates to en-
courage use of appliances and waged
an effective campaign for the sale of
the appliances. These have increased
consumption, and higher pressure has
been necessary to meet the greater de-
mand. The excessive pressure has been
furnished through distribution sys-
tenn that was not built for it. The COM
pany, of course, will have to build its
new business on the foundation of an
adequate distribution system or curtail
the business to the limitations of the
plant. 1t cannot have its cake and
eat it too.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-19
Excessive Gas Pressure.

Peoples Counsel Keech and the Pub
lie Utilities Commission are right in
demanding that the gas company COM
ply fully with existing pressure regu-
lations, and the report Of the COM
missions engineer, revealing failures
SO TO comply. should naturally be fol-
lowed by other inquiries to determine
whether other conditions have con-
triDuted to the dissatisfaction expressed
by some protesting consumers over the
size OF their gas bills. In these steps
the gas company no doubt will be
anxious TO cooperate.
Exceeding the maximum permissible
pressure, one gathers, Is not q crime
that would ordinarily call for more thar
word Of warning from the Public Util.
tiles Commission. It has been don't
before, and it Is probable that it vii
be done again and certain leeway 4
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-02-19
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
BY FREDERIC ]. HASKIN.

@. What is the name Of the sacred
snake Of India?-J. v. u.
A. What is generally considered to be
the sacred snake of India is the hooded
cobra. This is a slender-bodied. nervous
and active serpent. with a maximum
length of about AZ inches. The bite Of
this species is very deadly and, whether
wholly guilty or not. IN India II is deb
tied annually with the deaths Of be-
tween $4,000 and $4,000 persons.
@. Where is the Government school
for weather forecasters?-N. j. w.
A. The Government does not conduct
a school of meteorology anywhere, but
it Is interested in having those who wish
to follow a meteorological career qualify
for that purpose by previous study. This,
however, must be carried on in the reg
ular courses at institutions or by private
study, and entrance to the Weather Blu
reau must be secured by passing certain
civil service examinations. OF course,
subsequent instruction and training in
the particular duties for which a per-
son is employed are gained after APP
pointment. For general and station as
SignmentS only young men between the
ages of IL and IS are eligible. There
are special educational courses in me-
teorology at Harvard College. Cam
bridge, Mass; Clark University, Worces-
ter, Mass, and to some extent az the
Massachusetts Institute Of Technology,
Cambridge, Mass.
@. How did the Indians parch corn?-
n. S.
A. The preparation of maize as food,
as prepared by the Indians, involved
almost numberless processes. varying
with the tribes. In general, when maize
reached the edible stage the ears were
roasted in pit ovens. and after the feast
ing the surplus of roasted ears was dried
for future use. The mature grain was
milled raw or parched, the meal enter
ing into various mushes, cakes, pones,
waters and other bread. The grain was
soaked in I've obtained from wood ashes
to remove the horny envelope and was
then boiled, forming hominy; this, In
turn, was often dried, parched and
ground, reparched and reground, max
ing concentrated food of great nour-
ishing power in small bulk, which was
consumed dry or in water as Cruel.