davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-03-11

Negro Is Thirty Second
Traffic Victim Since
Jan. |.

Hurrying to board street car,
Mrs. Minnie Dowell, 80, Negro, 2345
Martindale avenue, stepped in front
of ar outbound interurban and was
killed at Fifty-second street and
College avenue Tuesday hight.
She was the thirty-second victim
Of traffic accidents in Marion
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-03-11
MINERS BOARD MEETS

A two weeks session of the inter-
national executive board of the
United Mine Workers of America is
underway today at headquarters in
the Merchants Bank building. Philip
Murray, vice-president, presides in
the absence of John L. Lewis, inter-
national president, who is at the
beside of his brother, critically i'll
in Washington.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-03-11
RELIEF FUND GROWING

New contributions to the Red
Cross fund for relief in drought
stricken areas today boosted the
fund to $60,O26.75, William For
tune, Indianapolis chapter drive
chairman, announced. The fund is
nearly $4,000 short Of the Indian
apolis goal. Contributions are being
received at Red Cross Office, at TIT
North Meridian street.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-03-11
Gone, but Not Forgotten

Automobiles reported to police as stolen
belong to:
Ray Howard Columbus. Ind. Studebaker
sedan, 237-2s7. from Delaware and Wal
nut street.
street. Chevrolet coach. from rear OF 1I21
North Illinois street.
Buell. Willoughby. 1856 Lexington avenue.
Lexington avenue.
Hazel Suddith. 212 Parkview avenue.
Ford sedan. 74S-5s5. from Pratt street and
Park avenue.
Lester Widner. Peru. Ind, Chevrolet
coach from in front of 2249 Central &ve-
BACK HOME AGAIN
Stolen automobile recovered by police
belong to:
Pettis Dry Goods Company, Ford coupe
found in rear of skating rink at Douglas
Park, automobile striped Of all wheels
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-03-11

slightly in an automobile collision at
Meridian and Ohio streets, and
Hayes was arrested on charges of
drunken driving and failure to obey
traffic signal Tuesday night.
Struck by an automobile driven
by a hit-and-run motorist at New
Jersey street and FIT. Wayne avenue
Tuesday night, Mrs. Ruth Sturgell,
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-03-11
Firemen at Funeral

MARION, Ind, March 11.-More
than seventy-flve fremen from In
diana cities attended the funeral of
Harry Polling, a member of the
Marion department for almost thirty
years. Pneumonia caused his death.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-03-11
DINNER WILL HONOR
VETERAN MEMBERS
Columbia Club to Give Annual
Beefsteak Banquet.

Veteran members of the Columbia
Club, 223 men, who have held mem
bership twenty-five years or more,
will be guests Of honor at the forty
first annual beefsteak dinner to be
held Thursday night in the club
ballroom.
Edwin P. Morrow, former Gov
ernor of Kentucky, will give the
principal address. Governor Harry
G. Leslie is to be POSTMASTER.
Six boxing bouts and musical acts
are features of the program, follow
ing the dinner.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-03-11
blow torch Fires Convenf

Fire starting in bathroom where
a painter was using a blow torch
caused $3.50 damage at the Sisters
of the Good Shepherd convent. III
West RAYMOND street, Tuesday.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-03-11

county since Jan. 1,
The impact hurled the
body fifty feet.
George w. Hayes.
Negro, 912 Musking-
UNI street, and Mrs
HavaS wnra in i11red
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-03-11

a dinner for pilots at the Claypool.
Lieutenant Paul A. hartman, Indi-
ana national guard, is program
chairman, assisted by leading city
aviators.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-03-11
MARCH IL, 1881

20, Of 535 South warman avenue,
was found unconscious in the street
Tuesday night.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-03-11
DEATH TAKES
J. P. COTTON,
STIMSON'S AID
New York Lawyer Gave Up
Practice Two Years Ago
to Become Diplomat.
BIZ United Press

BIZ United Press
WASHINGTON, March 11-Of-
fetal Washington today mourned
Uncle Joe" Cotton, undersecretary
Of state. who died late Tuesday in
Baltimore, after protracted illness.
The New York lawyer who aban-
doned a lucrative practice to enter
President Hoover's official family
two years ago had earned an unique
reputation as plain-spoken, jovial
diplomat Of the shirt sleeve" school,
and eminently popular with all who
knew him.
President Hoover, appraised Of Cot
tons death, made the following
statement:
Mr.. Cotton's passing is a great
loss to the government and to our
country. He was my friend for
more than twenty years. He has
given much of his life to public
service, and never has refused a
demand Of the public interest. His
abilities, his character, his devotion
to the highest purposes made him a
great citizen"
Praised byStimson
Secretary Of State Henry L. Slim
son, Cotton's chief, praised him for
winning position in the state de-
partment which was entirely
unique" He said:
I'm the two years in which he
has been undersecretary of state,
Joseph P. Cotton has rendered
service Of literally inestimable value
to the government.
His wide acquaintance among
men; his familiarity with large
affairs, both of business and gov
eminent; his industry and faculty
of dispatch; his keen analysis and
wide judgment have all served a
spirit Of high public purpose and
character of unfailing courage"
Castle May Get Post
Cotton's death gave rise to
speculation as to his successor. The
name of William r. Castle, assistant
secretary of state, was most prom
inently mentioned.
He was considered for the post Of
undersecretary at the beginning of
the Hoover administration, and is
personal friend of the President.
Cotton's death generally was at
tributed to overwork. When Slim
son went to the London naval con-
ference he took over all the work of
the secretary, and always has been
extremely active In the discharge of
his duties.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-03-11

When the Cleveland Symphony,
appears at Caleb Mills hall
Thursday night, Nikolai Sokoloff
will be on the conductors stand.
The Indianapolis times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1922-1965, 1931-03-11

Graceful, period
style end table,
in a rich walnut
finish.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-10-21
From the DireCtives on the 18th
Anniversary of the Proletarian
Revolution
Revolution

tense of the Soviet Union with the economic
struggles, the fight against ge-cuts, for un-
employment relief and social insurance, and
with the fights against political oppression
(NIooney, Harlan and Scottsboro etc.. The
campaign must stimulate the strike struggles and
the efforts to organize the workers into the
revolutionary unions and Unemployed Councils
along the lines OF the program of the Party.
8. The agitation of the Party in the districts
and IN the Daily Worker must very popularity
bring out in concrete fashion the situation with
regard to unemployment, increased wages and
favorable conditions of youth and woman labor,
the growing enthusiasm of the Soviet proletariat
in the U.S.S.R. and the increasing misery of the
masses, mass unemployment further sharp re-
duction of wages, denial Of unemployment in
surance and cut down of immediate relief and
the imposition of forced labor upon the unem-
ployed in the United States.
f. The campaign for November 7th must like
wise bring out the situation of the liberated
national minorities in the Soviet Union in con-
trast with the growing oppression of the Negro
masses and foreign born in the United States,
An important feature of this years celebration
must be the penetration of the agrarian dis
tr1cts, drawing the agricultural workers and
small farmers into the celebration around the
agitation showing the results of the policy of
of the Kulaks as class and the alliance Of the
proletariat with the peasantry for the building
up of Socialism, in contrast with the situation
in the United States of increasing misery for
the mass of agricultural workers and small farm
ers and the worsening of the conditions of the
middle farmers. 1t must bring out the widening
of the social insurance to woman labor, the
drawing in of women into industry and their
greater participation in the political life in con-
traSt with the situation in the United States and
also the elevation of the conditions of the work
ing youth in contrast to the worsening of their
conditions in the United States.
s. The campaign must expose the sham Of
the planned economy slogans issued by the
bourgeosie and social fascists and show them
to be slogans for the further worsening of the
conditions of the workers in the United States,
and must especially expose the role of the reac-
tionary officialdom and the socialist party in
preparation of the war against the Soviet Union.
Central Committee Statement
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-10-21
LABOR UNDER THE FIVE
YEAR PLAN

THE rapid development of industry in the
L Soviet Union during the past few years has
been accompanied by continuous improvement in
the working and living conditions of the popula-
ton. The tremendous increase in the volume of
production and the large extent OF new construc-
ton during the first two years of the Flve-Year
Plan resulted in great demand for new workers,
both skilled and unskilled. which increased by
the fall of 1880 to the point where unemployment
was completely eliminated. This in itself is an
outstanding achievement.
Not only are all the workers IN the US.S.R.
employed but their cultural level has been raised
and their social consciousness aroused Reflec-
tons of this process may be observed in the vari-
Gus forms of the so-caled socialist competition"
and shock brigade" work BY socialist compe-
tition" is meant friendly competition between
branches of industry, individual plants various
departments of the same plant, or individual
workers to increase the quantity or improve the
quality of output, to reduce costs, or to exceed
the plans for a given period in any respect
"Shock- brigades" are voluntary groups of work
ers who assume the initiative in setting the pace
in their respective factories mines, collective or
state farms, etc They also CO. in case of need, to
assist other enterprises or farms which are be-
hind with their schedules These socialist forms
of labor activity have constituted important fac
tors in increasing labor productivity and in car
rying out the production schedules.
The increased productivity of labor has in its
turn, brought about an improvement in the ma
terial well-being of the workers. The past few
years have witnessed steady increase in wages.
both nominal and real and a resultant raising of
the workers standard of living to level far
above that prevailing in pre-war Russia.
Number of Workers.
The number of wage earners in the Soviet
Union has increased during the past few years
not only in absolute figures but also in compare
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-10-21
By HARRISON GEORGE.

ASIDE milking leader Of the soaed $50
accomplishments them is
at eaon both sides of the class
Leader of to his erst
Macdonald assory figure who
hypnotzed thinking messiah but messiah
without program"
because Macdonald has program
British
himself n much by saying that the
Britain head Of which Macdonald stands
living proceeded Of living
National Government represents the
capitalist should Norman Thomas be silly
article that unnatural government Is
the world hat(nul the workers
their Soviet government capitalists
government for their advantage? @
the Thomas discovers somethngl The Ma
Britain unnatural" because:
judged nothing
hazy patriotism"
So? "hazy PATRIOTISM however wage
of the Not "azy"
capitalist class character
records Thomas the American $50
National unnatural
culary coalition openly acknowledged capitalist lead
supposed Socialist minister Macdonald Indeed
much, referring to it again as:
q" political incompatblies, this
with Macdonald dressing"
socialist" leader, Thomas
himself? which certainly
political specifically that it
platform program of the socialist has
Pdenand Mr. Thomas
this antisocast which
he Macdonald.
Ramsay Macdonald TO British
what called non parsan' government what
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-10-21

l. The 14th Anniversary of the Russian
Revolution takes place at moment OF the
deepening crisis of world capitalism. cine de-
velopment of a financial crisis further reduc-
ton in production, etc. and OF more acute
offensive against the masses (slashing wage
cuts, reduction of unemployment relief and IN
surance, etc.. At the same time the reVolutlon-
airy upSurge of the masses is growing. (BrltlSn
naval nutiny militant demonstrations against
reduction of the dole, conducted in spite OF right
and cleft" labor party leaders, Chilean revolt,
sharp struggles in Latin America the growth OF
the prerequisites of the revolutionary crisis IN
Germany, the further strengthening OF the Sow
lets in China the growing militance OF Negro
and white workers in the United States, etc.
In contrast to these conditions Of world capital
ism we witness the further successes OF the
Five Year Plan in the Soviet Union and the
further improvement Of the conditions OF the
Soviet proletariat and peasantry. The contrast
of the two world systems of capitalism and So
cialism is becoming sharper.
In the United States the conditions Of the
toiling masses are being worsened, cuts in the
meager unemployment relief, denial OF unem-
ployment insurance, a new Wage-slaSh1ng often
sive. growing attacks upon the revolutionary
movement growing persecution OF the foreign
born and Negro masses and at the same time
increase of the strike movement, rising tide OF
struggle among the steel workers; and increas-
ing battles of the unemployed.
AS a result OF this sharp contradiction be-
tween the two world systems, the sharpening OF
the relations between the imperialist powers and
the class struggle between the workers and the
capitalists, the war danger against the Soviet
Union is becoming more acute (Japanese-Man-
churian conflict with its menace to the Soviet
Union, Hoover's moratorium actions, German
French discussion, more feverish attempts to
establish the anti-Soviet front with America
coming to the fore in this efforD.
O. The Nov celebration must therefore be
a campaign which will bring out sharply the
contrast between the two world systems, espe-
cially between the conditions of the workers in
the United States and the workers in the Soviet
Union The Party must show to the masses
during this campaign in its propaganda the
revolutionary way out of the crisis for the work
ing class 1t must tie up the slogan of the de-
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-10-21
The Marvellous Milkmaid - Norman Thomas

New York City under the
Committee" circular Of
which lies before signed by thirty Of whom is
socialist"
the N World Telegram which is certainly capitalist
journal the socialist feature wetp
BUSY Wrongs" All Of which
indicates capitalists socaed Social
lists" for office in America, well as in England.
more reaconary not
kind words for
Socialist by the notes
republican the city admins
Baldwin socialist" named Macdonald London nauae Mr.
socialist of York. seeks alliance with another
TORY" republican named Baldwin?
question social
stcaitas coalition his agility is less when comes to program
British National Governments
justified unemployment assistance the ground Of low
living proceeded cost Of
living"
this might Judge
being American
with
would object the Of living by initiation
fast! Although Thomas thus bitterly Ramsay Mac
Oct Norman
committed himself to these anworng class
policies justification Of
wage cutting campaign Corporation said:
falling and the PURCHASING
DOLLAR INCREASING time that u.s. Of della
ton, later WAGES ARE GOING TO FORCED DOWN"
for direct cuts Then in direct
increasing living which Thomas scolds
Macdonald, Thomas said:
initiation. latter that tried"
you the socialist" Norman
the socialist" There
the Of capitalist pretending to be Social
% reflection of MacDonald hypocrisy in the
hypocrisy Of Thomas
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-10-21

Der Of agricultural wage earners in 1881 Is
estimated at 13713,00o which represents an in
creased from $4,000 In 1929 to $4,000 in 1880,
The total number of wage-earners employed in
agriculture on the other hand declined about
per cent during 1928 and 1929, and then in 1880
regained the lost ground with slight excess.
The actual totals were 2,12370O in 1926-27 2OO7.-
900 in 1928, 100000 in 1929, and 2,158,0oo in
1890. The decline is to be accounted for chiefly
by the fact that, as result of the collectiviza
ton movement and the drive against the kulaks
(well-to-do peasants) in the years 1928-30, the
agricultural laborers formerly hired by the kulaks
joined the collective farms and were no longer
classed as wage earners. 1t may also be laid
in part to the fact that the organization of COL
lective farms and the INFLAMMATION of agricul
ture created a surplus labor power in agricul
ture which was absorbed by industry. The in
crease in 1880 was due to the organization of
many new state farms (grain, CATTLE and in
dustrial CROP. Wage earners on state farms in
creased from $4,000 in 1923 to $4,000 in $780,
or by nearly 100000 (75 per cent?, while those
In agriculture as whole increased by only
10000.
The number of wage earners in private trade
dropped from $1,000 in 1926-27 to $4,000 in 1929
90, and their share in the total number of work.
ers in trade from IS to per cent.
In all branches of labor the number of persons
employed by the private sector (not including
domestic workers. dropped from $4,000 in 1926
27 to 10000 in 1928-29, while their share in the
total number of workers fell from to per cent.
In census industry the private sector has almost
disappeared Thus, in 1880, the distribution of
workers in census industry was as follows: state
enterprises-954 per cent, cooperative enterprises
Al per cent, private entepriss (not including
foreign concessons)-0.1 per cent, concessions
o. per cent.
The greatest growth in the number of workers
was recorded in those branches turning out pro-
ducers' goods. This was result of the policy
carried out during the first years of the Five
Year Plan of placing special emphasis upon the
development of heavy industry, as necessary
basis for the advancement of the national econ
omy as whole, including light industry and
agriculture
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-10-21
1lotzkyites Try to Disrupt the Un-
employed Movement in Minneapolis

IN pursuance Of their counter-revolutionary
line, the Trotzkyite renegades do not stop even
before attempts to disrupt the unemployed move
ment.
Thus, through their agent Otto Won Schop-
pleroi, who pretended to be good member OF
the Party they have attempted to disrupt and
split the Seven Corners Branch of the Unem-
ployed Council of Minneapolis away from Com
munist leadership, and to disrupt also the
Workers International Relief.
But all their provocative attempts have been
frustrated and the District Committee of the
Communist Party District has exposed and
expelled Otto Won Schoppleroi, and he will be
known now to the workers of Minneapolis as
an enemy of the revolutionary movement who
is working hand-in- hand with the renegades,
and with whom all revolutionary workers and
workers organizations will have nothing fur
Their to do
District Committee Of District
Communist Party Of the U.S.A.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-10-21

son with the total population. The number of
persons working for hire Excluding agricultural
labor increased from an average of 8,866,000
in the fiscal year 1926-27 to 12429,O0O in 1890,
gain during the period of 40 per cent. The
average annual increase in the number of wage
earners amounts, therefore, to over IL per cent,
while the average annual gain in the total pop
ulaton during the same period was only 81 per
cent. The proportion of non-agricultural wage
earners in the total population mounted during
this period from so to n per 1000 and is ex-
pected to reach IS per 1000 in 1881. The num-
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-10-21

The struggle against militarism
must not be postponed until the moment
when war breaks out. Then ii will be
too late. The struggle against war
must be carried on now, daily, hourly"
(Lenin.)
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-10-21

Support the National Hunger
March Demand for $3.50 Cash
Winter Relief for Each
Jobless Worker
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-10-21

Number of Workers.
The number of wage earners in the Soviet
Union has increased during the past few years
not only in absolute figures but also in compare
The Washington times., 1931-03-14
BOON
ROOSEVELT
(continued From Page y

(Continued From Page y
forced to lend his support to an
investigation Of the office Of Dis
trict Attorney Grain, and this in
quiry, it is said, will split Tam
many wide Open"
Young Group Opposes
Even if Tammany supports
Roosevelt in the convention, how
ever, the governor would still be
confronted with the opposition
of the Owen D. Young-Al Smith
Raskob faction. 1t is possible
that a majority of the New York
delegates to the convention will
be instructed for Young.
The salvO of statements issued
by such Progressive Senators as
Norris (R.) of Nebraska, Hull D.0
Of Tennessee, Caraway (D.) Of
Arkansas and Wheeler (D.) Of
Montana, all showing a marked
Roosevelt trend, will be followed
by many others, it is predicted.
Senator Norris tenders him
the sort of independent support
which he will require to swing the
Mississippi Valley States to his
standard. Other Republican Sen
ators. at outs with the Hoover
regime, are going to do the same
thing when the "opportune mo-
ment" arrives.
The Washington times., 1931-03-14
3-CENT TICKETS
No BURDEN

During the first week of the
sale Of Scent tickets to District
school children, school officers
have discovered the fallibility Of
their former contention that the
responsibility on teachers would
be too much of a burden.
This was learned today from
Stephen E. Kramer, first assistant
superintendent Of schools in
charge of secondary education,
who has taken care of the
school administration Of the new
law.
1t was thought originally by
the school authorities that the
teachers would be subjected to
too much Of q burden in signing
the books of tickets. This, Mr..
Kramer declared, has been
found up to this time to be less
of q burden than was originally
thought.
The sale of the tickets, how
ever, Mr.. Kramer continued, IS
such a. new enterprise that it
cannot be accurately determined
if there will be any complaints
from the teachers as to the addi-
tional responsibility.
Should it be learned that the
responsibility is too great, the
school authorities will request the
Public Utilities Commission to
discontinue the practice Of having
the teacher sign the book of
tickets after the child has
purchased them.