davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times., 1931-05-08
FECHET REPLIES
To CRITICS Of
AIR ATTACK
General Denies Maneuvers Are
Too Costly, Cities PeriIed;
Valuable Training Seen

High Army officials today hit
back at critics of the annual air
corps maneuvers which start next
week, assembling the greatest
aerial armada ever seen.
Major James E. Fechet, chief
of the air corps, denied charges
that the maneuvers will cost the
War Department an exhOrbitant
sum or that there is any particu-
lar danger in the mass formation
flying.
The maneuvers get under way
next week at Dayton, Ohio, where
$40 planes and the pick of the
nations flying officers will as
semble.
Guards Object
This year the National Guard
will join the regular army, and
the guard leaders have been the
principal critics of the plans.
The guard of two States has
protested that participation in
the maneuvers will cause them to
use up most of their budget and
that their flying time for the rest
of the year will be seriously cur
tailed.
General Fechet pointed out that
it was not mandatory for the
guardsmen to participate in the
maneuvers. An invitation was ex-
tended to them through the Mill
tia Bureau, on the theory that it
would be valuable training for the
guard fliers, and there was en-
thusiastic acceptance from most
of the units.
The two States that are pro-
testing were not forced to enter,
General Fechet declared.
Excess Cost Denied
The general also denied reports
that there would be an excessive
cost to the maneuvers. Under the
budget, each flying officer is al
lowed about 165 hours during the
year.
In order to allow for the inten-
sive flying during the maneuvers,
every post in the army has cut
down it's flying hours prior to the
assemblage and will cut them
dow, afterward so as not to ex-
ceed the quota.
The general said the maneu-
vers will be of utmost military
Importance. Such a movement
teaches the pilots mass flying; it
demonstrates the mobilization
and functioning of the air corps
training that is of inestimable
value. he said.
A minimum height of 1900 feet
will be maintained over cities,
which will give the planes ample
gliding distance.
The planes will fly about 1000,
900 miles during the Is days.
The Washington times., 1931-05-08
REALTY AGEN 7
GETS 3 YEARS

Albert Wildman, 54-year-old
real estate agent, today was sent
enced by Justice Peyton Gordon
in criminal court to serve 3 years
in prison for false pretenseS and
embezzlement in connection with
the misappropriation of 100000
of the funds of his clients en-
trusted with him for investment
over a period of three years.
Wildman had pleaded guilty
and his attorney, William e.
Richardson, in making a plea
for probation pointed out that
he had leased the former farm Of
Providence Hospital and was
working late at night to repay
his erstwhile clients.
He claimed that the funds
would have been repaid, but for
the slump in the realty market.
Justice Gordon asserted that in
view of the age of the prisoner.
it was impossible that he could
by partial payments OF a few
hundred dollars per month, repay
all the money.
The Washington times., 1931-05-08
GETS 4 YEARS
FOR OPERATION

David Leroy Russell, 34-year-old
mechanic, who recently pleaded
guilty to performing an illegal
operation on a young woman, re-
sulting in her death, was sen
fenced today by Justice Peyton
Gordon to serve four years in
prison. He still faces a charge
of first degree murder in connec-
ton with the death of his victim.
It is expected the murder
charge will be dropped. Miss
Hazel Chinn was indicted with
Russell on both counts, but she
is now at liberty on personal
bond and the charges against
her are expected to be dropped
also. The victim, Miss Thelma
r.. Cain. 19-year-old Stenographer,
died March 8, last.
The Washington times., 1931-05-08
little House" Picked
As Scouts Office

The Little House" Of the Girl
Scouts here will be headquar-
ters for Region 8, which includes
Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania
and Delaware. Headquarters at
Harrisburg, Pa. has proven too
small, because of the 18 per cent
increase in membership last year.
Camp May Flather, operated by
the Washington council, is one of
10 camps chosen for the enter
tainment of foreign Girl Scouts
and Girl Guides visiting this
country.
The Washington times., 1931-05-08
Sundial, Worth $50,
Bird Pool Taken
From Garden

Some one who was anxious to
give the spring birds a bath, or
else to know the time without
the bother of winding clock,
stole a combination sundial and
bird bath Wednesday night
from the monument yard of
William Loeffler on the Bla-
densburg Road.
He noticed the loss Thursday
and notified the police, who are
now seeking either an over-en-
thusiastic bird lover or the
LATEST man in the District.
Loeffler said the garden orna-
ment, cut out of marble, was
worth $3.50.
The Washington times., 1931-05-08

Hundreds of Washington school
children are doing their bit to
make Washington more beautiful
by working in the attractive gar
dens which are featured at q
schools.
While the garden work is part
of the regular scholastic routine
at the 27 schools, officials stated
today that the students are work
ing harder this year than ever
before and attribute the increased
interest to desire to obtain ma
teriaI for the essays which they
are to write on the subject,
"Beautifying Washington for
1882"
The essays are to be submitted
in the contest being sponsored
The Washington times., 1931-05-08
Choral Association
To Present Concert

AS an additional feature OF
National Music Week, the chorus
and the Madrigal Singers of the
washington Choral Festival AS
sociation will present "An Hour
Of Music" tomorrow afternoon at
4.45 o'clock at the Church of the
Epiphany, 1917 G st. N. w.
Louis A. Potter. conductor. will
be assisted by Miss Helen Howl
son, Charles Wilfrid Smith and
John Chandler Smith, soloists,
and Miss Charlotte Klein, organ
ist. WRC will broadcast the
music,
The Washington times., 1931-05-08
Work In School Gardens
Spurs Essay Contest
IS Staff Photo

by The Washington Times in CO.
operation with the Washington
cleanup campaign committee
and the Board of Education.
Purposes of Contest
The contest is being staged in
connection with the 1881 cleanup
campaign which has for its goal
stimulation of business. decrease
of unemployment and beautifica-
ton of Washington for 1882, the
George Washington Bicentennial
year.
This week has been officially
designated as Garden Week" by
the cleanup campaign committee
and the school gardeners are CO.
CONTINUED on Page Fl, Col. p
The Washington times., 1931-05-08
District Residents
Share N. Y EStnte

John K. Paddock, 1919 Seventh
st. N. W., is to receive $4,000
and Sarah S. Paddock $500 under
terms of the will of Mrs. Agnes
Sands Lawrence, of New York,
which was filed yesterday for
probate. Lawrence and Edward
r. Paddock, both of 1918 Park
Rd. N. W., each will receive
$4,000.
The estate, according to the
petition for probate of the will.
is valued in excess of $4,000.
The Washington times., 1931-05-08
Colonial Danes End
Secret Session Here

The sixth biennial conclave of
the Colonial Danes of America
ended today at the Carlton Hotel,
when resolutions outlining the
policies of the organization for
the coming year were adopted.
All the sessions were closed
ones, and no releases were given
out at the close of the H.Aeting.
The Washington times., 1931-05-08
Aerial Telephones
Demonstrated Here

At the regular luncheon yes
terday. the Cosmopolitan Club
witnessed a sound film demon
stration by Col. E. G. Bliss, OF
the c. & P. Telephone Company
of telephone apparatus linking
aviators to their ground stations.
The club plans to send large
delegation to the annual conven-
ton Of the District of Columbia
Federation of Cosmopolitan Clubs
at Norfolk May Is.
The clubs stag night will be
at the Manor Club May 26, with
Anton A. Auth as chairman.
The Washington times., 1931-05-08
Fairfax Man Hurt
In HiUhLUGV Crash

Thomas Struder, OF Franconla'
Fairfax county, is in the Alex
andria Hospital suffering from
severe cuts on his head ana
hands and shock as result OF an
automobile accident at Dogue
creek bridge on the Richmond
Washington Highway.
He was taken to the Fort
Humphreys Hospital for first-ald
treatment and brought to the
Alexandra HosHtal from there.
The Washington times., 1931-05-08
ENGcfarLand Center
Gives ShOU TOnight

The rhythm and tap classes
Of the Macfarland Community
Center will give their annual re-
cital tonight at 8 o'clock in the
Macfarland auditorium, Iowa Ave-
hue and Webster Street North
vest.
The classes are under the di-
rection of Miss Frances Bright
well. The pianists will be Mrs.
Nell N. Wilson and Mrs. Vera
RobertshaW.
The Washington times., 1931-05-08
ORDER ISSUED
TOOEHMANN
OFFICE
District Inspectors to Widen
Duties, Taking in All Public
Buildings; Action Informal

An order providing for a double
check of plans and inspection Of
District building projects was
issued today by Major John c.
Gotwals, Engineer Commissioner.
The order was addressed to
Col. John w. Oehmann, District
building inspector, whose office
heretofore has confined itself to
checking plans and making in
spections of privately erected
buildings.
Will Inspect Schools
Colonel Oehmann was ordered
to inquire into the safety Of con-
struction and the suitability Of
materials used in District build
ing projects, which includes
schools, and to make inspections
of the buildings from time to
time during the course of con-
structiOn. -,
Colonel Oehmann's office will
not relieve the regular duties OF
the Municipal Architects Office,
which is also charged with inspec-
tion of the buildings, in addition
to designing and planning the
work.
The order of Major Gotwals is
informal and apparently Will ex-
pire with his term as District
Engineer Commissioner. The
order was not presented to the
full board of District Commits
sioners, but was transmitted to
Colonel Oehmann through Major
Donald A. Dawson, Assistant En-
gineer Commissioner.
Starts Duty At Once
Colonel Oehmann Immediately
set upon his additional duties.
Plans for four new school projects
were presented to him and will be
carefully checked.
The plans are for:
The Benjamin Stoddert School,
Forty-first and Calvert Streets
Northwest; the Phoebe Hearst
School, Thirty-seventh and Tilden
Streets Northwest; an addition to
the Woodbridge School, Central
and Carlton Avenues Northeast,
and an addition to the Bernard
T. Janney School, Forty-first and
Albemarle Streets Northwest.
In addition to these plans, the
District Building Inspectors Of
flee is also examining plans for
construction of the new Roosevelt
High School, where IS tons of
steel framework blew down in a
windstorm on April %.
Will Inspect Tech
On Monday Colonel Oehmann
will make a check of the levels at
the Mckinley High School, Sec
ond and T Streets Northeast, the
roof of which was declared to be
sagging by Heron Todd, steel con-
tractor who erected the frame
work at the Roosevelt High
School.
Plans of the Mckinley School
were turned over to MIR. Todd by
Colonel Oehmann, with request
that he mark out the place where
he alleged the roof was Sagging.
A preliminary inspection of the
Mckinley School roof on Monday
revealed that the roof was en-
tirely safe and that undue alarm
had been caused by charges Of
the roof sagging.
The Washington times., 1931-05-08
Hoover to Be Guest
MPhiLadelphid Club

President Hoover will attend a
BANQUET at the Union League
Club, Philadelphia, May 90. The
0ext day he will deliver his an
nIIal Memorial address at Valley
Forge, a few miles from Philadel,
phia.
At the Union League Club,
President Hoover will view a por-
trait of himself which is to be
hung in the clubrooms.
The Washington times., 1931-05-08
Phone Your Tips
To Times, Folks!
$50 InPrizes

Phone The Times when any.
thing happens-call the News
Tip Editor between $3.50 q. m.
and 6 p. m.-tell him of any
new happenings in your neigh
bOrhoOd. It may mean cash
to you.
Fifty dollars in cash is d.
vided each week among 10
people who "tip off" The Times
on the best news stories. Save
your news for The Times.
Call the News Tip Editor
District $500
The Washington times., 1931-05-08
MOUNT PLEASANT MEET

The final regular meeting OF
the year Of the Mount Pleasant
Citizens Association will be held
tomorrow night in the Mount
Pleasant branch of the Public
Library, Sixteenth and lamont
Streets Northwest.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-10-02
Z Purple Ragged Clash Na Southern California Grid Road Rough

South Dakota, and may prove to be too
tough for NorthwesternS opener.
The Wildcats, however, have a big,
strong line and a good backfield in
Russell, Rentner, Meenan and Lewis
Ken Meenan, the sophomore fullback,
has been moved over to halfback fol-
lowing an injury to the veteran AL
Moore.
Notre Dame has been a disappoint-
ment in practice and some new faces
may appear in the lineup in place Of
several of the veterans, who seem t.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-10-02
TROJANS ON ROCKS
AT START OF TRAIL
Raked byGaeIs, Shaky Team
Now Must Face Dangerous
Oregon State.
BY PAUL LONERY.

7 OS ANGELES, October q
Only one real battle looms
l. in the Pacific Coast Confer
ence this week end. This
Is the struggle between Southern
California and Oregon State, to
be played in the stadium where
the Olympic games will be held
next Summer.
Nearly 10000 persons saw ST.
Mary's College of Moraga upset
Southern California, 10 to 7, in a
non-conferenCe game last week,
and the big bowl, which has been
enlarged to seat 10000 persons in
anticipation Of next years games,
will be we'll populated tomorrow.
Before the season started Pop Warner
of Stanford, Jimmy Phelan OF Wash
'ngton and other coast coaches hailed
Southern California as the preseason
favOrite. the team to beat.
But the TrO. ans looked Ike anything
but potential champions IN losing to
little St, Mary'S While they outrushed
the Gaels 226 yards 10 as. they were
easily tricked by W. long forward
passes which gained 43 ana So yards,
respectively, and went for tOuchdoWns.
Oregon State Sturdy.
Last year S. c. defeated Oregon state,
Fl TO T. but the Northwestern team was
squad of sophomo-es. They came
strong at the end of the seas, n, and
with year Of experience under their
h~yr - 70
give S. G. whale of a battle.
In addition, Coach Paul SchisSler
teaches the Notre Dame system, which
more than any other system has bcth-
cred the Trojans in past years.
Oregon State has a 200-pound line
from tackle to tackle with Capt Ham
mer, the best center en- the coast. as the
main bulwark. Moe and Rust are fine
haltbackS with Ward and PampOni, I'M
derstudies to Buerke at quarterback last
year, coming fast.
uthern California is handicapped
by injuries TO Baker, star running guard.
who Is the key man in the TrOjans run
ming plays. As yet CcRca Howard Jones
has not found capable substitute. al
though he has moved Rosenberg from
last years freshman team into the berth
in h pc of developing this fiery young
man, A capable quarterback is another,
S, c. want. Shaver, Mohler and Beatty
all lack the all-arCunG qualifications
Coach Jones desires IN his signal
callers.
Stanford Favored.
Stanford was held to a sc-reless
tie by the Olympic Club last week. but
showed enough to rate comfortable
victory over Santa Clara. which ives
defeated by the University of Cali
forni7, to 2
This is non conference game. as
Is the one between California and St.
Marys. In view of the latters unex-
pected victory over Southern California
the Galloping Gaels are naturally IA
vored 10 defe7t California, which was
one Of the weakest teams in the
coast conference last year
St. Mary's has speed and fight plus
good passers and receivers, and the
combination should take the measure
OF the Bears who are now enjoying
the coaching Of Navy Bill Ingram.
(Copyright, 1881. by the North American
Newspaper Alliance, IncD
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-10-02
SIZES UP BIG TEN RACE
e northwestern, Michigan, Purdue
Are Willaman's Choice.

CLEVELAND, Ohio. October 2 lP).-
Northwestern Michigan and Purdue.
That's the way Sam Wi!laman Of
Ohio State secs the ccmirg Big Ten
foot ball race in a speech h2re.
After cOnceaing an edge in the race
to Michigan Purdue and Northwestern
he placed OHIO State in the next group
ing with Wisconsin, Illinois and Min
nesota.
At the bottom he placed Iowa. In
diana and Chicago.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-10-02
Week End Games
For ID. C.. Elevens
COLLEGE,.
Tomorrow.


Georgetown VS.. Western Mary
land at Griffith Stadium, 230
o'clock.
MarylandNs. Virginia at College
Park. 230 O'clock
Catholic University VS.. City Col
lege Of New York at BroUkland, 230
oc.ock.
George Washington VS.. Elon at
Central High School Stadium, 2:30
O'Clock.
American University VS.. Lynch
burg College at Lynchburg
Gallaudet VS.. Loyola at Baltimore.
SCHOLASTIC.
Today.
Central VS.. joan Marshall High of
Richmond at Central Stadium, $50
O'Clock
Tech VS.. Episcopal at Alexandria,
$50 o'clock
Gonzaga VS.. Western at Gonzaga
Stadium. $3.50 o'clock.
Eastern VS.. National Training
School at Eastern Stadium, 800
O'Clock
Dewitt VS. St Adams at st. Adams,
$3.50 o'clock.
Tomorrow.
Emerson vs.. Gettysburg Academy
at Gettysburg.
St. Johns VS.. Mount st. joseph
Of Baltimore at Eastern High Sta
dunn, 2:30 o'clock.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-10-02

lack spirit. There is quite tussle for
left half between March Schwartz, the
all-American, who isn't getting into
form very fast, and Mike Koken, a sub
who has been playing fiashy ball.
Indiana, however, was not impressive
in its first game with Ohio u, although
the Hoosiers will give the new Notre
Dame backs a workout on pass defense.
Lyons. big end at Indiana, is a good
pass catcher.
Copyright, 1891, by the North American
Newspaper Alliance, Inc)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-10-02
NAVY eleven READY
TO MAKE 1881 BOW

ANNAPOLIS, Md, October 2.-Navy's
loot ball team is all set to make its
seasons bow and its first appearance
under the direction OF Head Coach
Rip Miller.
me Midshipmen meet William and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-10-02

dams are strong and are not being un-
derrated, the contest really is only a
prelude to the big tilt with MARYLAND
IN Grifnth Stadium in Washington on
October 10.
The Navy first stringers had q bit
OF rest yesterday as far as physical
work was concerned, being held on the
the second squad executed the passing
game.
Miller also told his first eleven Il
would have complete holiday today.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-10-02

m If imitation is the sincerest form oil
II Aattery-Wonder is certainly being
hattered these days.
m Wonders single price idea has been
II singled out for imitation on every
side. But no matter how many stores
try to Chamber on the band wagon
Wonder still occupies the drivers
seat.
m Wonder won that seat by being first
II on the job-and Wonder keeps that
seat by giving greater and greater
values at its S17.50 price.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-10-02

to as expected, and, as a result,
their opening games may turn
out to be surprisingly close or even
disappointing.
American tackle is the star, and dew
astating backfield led by Fullback
Everett Kreitzinger and George Sauer,
a sophomore phenom, has one game 70
its advantage, AIS triumph over
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-10-02
LOOK TO WEEK END
. T|LTS FOR PRINTING
Notre Dame, Northwestern
May Find Indiana and
Nebraska Tough.
BY FRANCIS J. POWERS.

"HICAGO, October Foot
I ball interest in the Middle
~ West centerS this week in
the sparring bouts of Notre
Dame and Northwestern Saturday
in preparation for their big game
here the following Saturday.
Neither team has been rounding
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-10-02
SOUTH.

OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES Maryland ought
P.
GEORGIA TECSOUTH CAROLINA real for Tech with outcon
doubtful
NORTH CARoL1NA-vANDERBnT: A tos-up
NORTH CAROLINA STATEFLOR1DA powerful
a
A &
M. M
ALABAMA-UNI MISSISSIPPI:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-10-02
Guessing as to Grid VictOrs
In Leading Games Tomorrow
EAST.


GEORGETOWN Georgetown
result when Western Maryland bit too
TARVARD-BATES ones a day fol the
Amherst hold Prince
YA1E-NAGNE Song
NAVY WILLIAM Nays
of touchdoWns although
ARHY-KNoX
points
should
Gettysburg
the
the victory column
III VS. is
WESLEYAN CONNECTICUT
Of he seaso
Fordhan soph
Lehgh should
trout
o
Lafayette should this
o
should
MANFATTAN should stable
New orkh
STATELEBANON
S Lebanon. should
marc
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-10-02
20 YEARS AGO
IN THE STAR.

7 OUIS I. DOYLE won the District
IL tennis singles championship, de-
feating the defending titlist, Al
Howard
DR.. NJ. E Harrison was high gun
IN the Analoston Gun Club trap
shoot, Billie Wagner was second and
Phil Steubener third.
James Hadley Doyle has an
nounced Potomac Boat Club will try
to secure the Middle States regatta
here next Summer. Alfred b. Dent,
chairman of Potomac's Entertain
ment Committee, is active.
Names of Henry A. Seymour. AL
Tin o. Portner, Griffith L. Johnson
and Jack Peyton are among those
figuring in boating news hereabout.
Washington beat Detroit. 3 to 2.
Kid Elberfeld was hit by Pitcher
Ralph Works with the bases full.
forcing in the winning run.
D. C. BOY IS ELECTED.
Cradle Fl. Mitchell of this city ha
been appointed assistant manager o
rack at Lehigh University.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-10-02
MIDDLE WEST.


hemselves
PITTSBURGH:
Oh
Michigan opponents
Observation-Disclosures Minnesota Gophers should have
power ~ -
PURDUECoE Purdue Opponents of minor i'm
-
AGG1Es: The Badger squad
On poWer
OHIO sTATEC1NCINNATI warm-up fol Buckeyes
Marys -NeeN
sTANFoRD-sANTA CLARA: three ouchdovns
las week " ' " 0PO NN - Wa
~
bu speed
of Joe lizard ''NN"' "a Va" P0Oo-e
mu for Montana $50 -
offensive than u
Milford chronicle., 1931-03-06

FOR SALt--Three Magic brooders
complete i'm good condition. Sell cheap
Percy Scarborough, Georgetown. u
f20-3tp
Milford chronicle., 1931-03-06
NOTICE

Notice is hereby given that on this
second day of, March A. D. 1881, the
business located in Milford, Della
ware, owned by Frank V. o. Reedy
and known as the Radio Repair &
Sales Company has been sold to
Homer H.. Stayton. The business
hereafter will be carried on by the
said Homer II. StaytOn under the
name and style of the Radio Repair
& Sales Company, selling radios,
radio accessories and a complete
line of electrical appliances. That
the said Frank V. o. Reedy will con-
duct a radio repair business under
his own name and will be located
temporarily at the Radio Repair &
Sales Company in Milford, Della
ware. ..,.
That the said Frank V. o. Reedy
will pay and discharge all debts and
liabilities and collect all debts pay
able to the said late firm.
m6-3t
Milford chronicle., 1931-03-06

FOR SALE-lIclm's heavy laying
Leghorns, won IS awards. thirteen firsts
egg contests. 1880. Import from Barron,
state Accredited, $50 thousand. Post
paid, fifteen breeds. Catalogue. Illinois
Hatchery. METROPOLIS, Ill., f6-Stp
Milford chronicle., 1931-03-06

FOR SALE--Wood. Delivered on
short notice. Price right. Il. J. Hard
ing. Milford, Del. f27-tf
Milford chronicle., 1931-03-06
CARD OF THANKS

We express thanks to the friends
and relatives for their sympathy and
kind deeds shown us during the ill
ness and death of our wife and
mother, Mildred p. Coverdale. Also
for the beautiful sprays of flowers
and services of automobiles. We es-
pecially thank Rev. Nichols for his
comforting words of sympathy. Also
Mrs. Dickcrson and Mrs. Kenton.
1tp Husband and Daughter.
Milford chronicle., 1931-03-06

FOR SALI1-Nice frost proof cab
bagc plants. 25c per 100 at my home.
r. $. Wilgis. MillsbOro, Del. in6- 2t
Milford chronicle., 1931-03-06
STRAYED

STRAYED-To my place a black
hound. Owner may have same by pay
ing for ad. jesse KINNEY, Milford. 1tp
Milford chronicle., 1931-03-06

= FOR SAf>I-Ncw and used Magic"
Breeders, also parts. o. A. Newton IL
Son, Bridgevillc. Delaware, f27-4tp
Milford chronicle., 1931-03-06

FOR SALE-White LeGhorn matching
cggs, from and 3 year old hens. G.
Schulzc, Owens Station. fl3- 4tp