Evening star., 1931-12-06
BY COUNT CARLO sFoRzA.

@N-HAN4 Abh4laH NIllSbcI lOI FOTt9Bn hudlrs
T%HE reception of Adolf Hitler in
a solemn audience by the Presi-
dent OF the Reich, Field Mar
Il shal Hindenburg; the gigantic
Hamburg meeting, in which all
OF the Hitlerian forces were openly
Joined for the first time by the purely
reacitionary forces of Hugenberg, a
meeting which suggested the impress
sion of q general mobilization on the
eve of war, and last, but not least,
the overwhelming electoral victory won
by the Hitlerians in Hesse Just a few
weeks ago-such are the political symp-
toms which have given rise to the belief
throughout the world that at any mo-
ment some radical change may take
place in Germany.
New economic events have added to
the necessity Of revising our views on
the German situation. I mean the fall
OF the pound in England, and one must
not forget that anything happening In
the British Isles in the economic field
affects Berlin and Frankfort, the Ruhr
and Saxony much more than it does
Paris or New York or Milan. The fall
OF the pound will make German exports
more difficult and therefore increase
the present appalling unemployment.
Germany Seems Contradictory.
That is why decided to make a new
visit to Germany in order to get direct
impressions. The following lines will
simply try to give the sincere, If some
what contradictory, syntheSis of my OBJ
servatlons. Why contradictory? Be-
cause 1t Is comparatively easy to Judge
logical France; because 1t is not difficult
TO discover real Italy behind the POM
pous performances of the Fascist re-
ginle. But Germany appears as the most
contradictory of nations. All the I'M
pulses, all the hopes, all the curses are
to be found at work in Germany at the
end of 1881.
Years ago, In Rome, Prince BuIow
told me that, in his opinion, certain
German blunders in foreign policy could
only be explained by the congenital in
capacity Of the Germans to reach a
realistic political mind. But upon view
ing the Hitlerian successes and their
effect among the masses, of which al
most so per cent already have fiocked
TO the banners of the eloquent dena-
gogue, l wonder whether the expla-
nation is not more tragic. During the
reformation the different European
countries became either Protestant or
Catholic. Only the Germans divided
half and half. And so it is today. Half
of Germany has already seen the ad-
santages OF policy of peace and
democracy; the other half rises furi-
ously against them and breaches the
necessity of violently breaking all of
the obstacles and embracing the wild
gospel Of Nationalism. But even this
impression of mine, deep and sincere as
1t is, runs the risk of being misleading
when 1t is given as an explanation.
How well one understands, when one
has gone to Germany In a period of
psychological crisis like the present one,
that the Germans should be inclined to
write works in 10 volumes when they
treat Of things German. 1t is easy to
reduce the present complexity of the
German forces now in opposition into
some facne literary antithesis, but that
would be misleading. 1t would be less
foolish to think that one has explained
america when one has spoken of the
Hamiltonian North against the Jeffer-
sonian South than when one speaks of
two Germanys being in opposition to
each other-Hitler against democracy
or, as was the fashionable formula in
France until two or three years ago,
knperial Germany against republican
Germany.
Many Germanies.
There are not two but many Ger
manies, each one hating and despising
the other. There is Agrarian Germany
against industrial Germany; there is
Catholic Germany against Protestant
Germany; there Is the Germany of the
unemployed against the Germany of
the rich-and the list might go on.