davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times., 1931-10-28
Wish They Had Listened

But if national Republican
party managers have been amiss
in utilizing McNary's genius for
political wisdom and leadership,
his Senate colleagues have not
been backward in doing so. From
his long and distinguished service
in the Senate they have learned
the full feasure of the man. Last
session when the President sent
the name of Judge Parker, of
North Carolina, to the Senate for
confirmation as a member of the
United States Supreme Court,
McNary opposed the appointment
He didn't join the Progressive
floor fight against the nomina-
ton, but he considered the ap-
pointment inadequate and it was
no secret that he would vote in
the negative.
Three Republican Senators,
each facing a close fight for re.
election, came to McNary and
asked him what they should do
He told them they should vote to
reject the appointment. They
agreed with him and said they
The Washington times., 1931-10-28
Volunteer Work Hard

The work to be done, however,
is something that should be done
either for the community itself
or for the government. The
work is hard but so was much
Of the volunteer" work in the
United States during the war.
The "indentured" and the
statute labor" are similar. The
unemployed Of certain region
are 'indentured" to work in
another region for certain
length of time, after which they
can return home or can be &C.
cepted as citizens at the place
of their last work.
At present there is drive
for contracts" between the col
lective farms and the new indus
trial plants. The collectiveS have
need of many workers during
the planting and harvesting sea-
SONS. Fewer workers are needed
during the winter months.
Under the contracts" the col
lective managers agree to supply
a certain number of workers
to the nearby factories during
the slack agricultural seasons.
The workers have little choice
In the matter. They are told
The Washington times., 1931-10-28
Wartime Psychology Used

In considering Russian labor it
must constantly be kept in mind
that actual wartime psychology
is relied upon to spur the people
m to overcome the backwardneSS
of the country and that the gov
ernment is trying to eradicate
the indOlent spirit of the people,
a carry-Over from the old regime.
Many of the devices used to
increase production are shocking
to an American who thinks OF
present-day Russians as compar-
able to present-day Americans,
Germans or English. Such COM
parsons have no value because
the Russians admittedly are a
dark" backward. people.
When voluntary" labor is
undertaken, the "class enemies"
the kulaks, priests. former arls-
tocrats, merchants and traders
are excluded, as they are excluded
in all Soviet organizations.
Only a majority of the citizens
need be present at the meeting.
Instructions have been received
by responsible" workers of the
community as to how the meeting
shall vote. Voting is by the raising
Of hands and no one is likely to
vote against the instructions. The
whole community. including the
"class enemies" are bound by the
action of the meeting.
The Washington times., 1931-10-28
Going Around i'm Washington
"CHARLEY'' McNARY KNOWS HIS STUFF

When Senator Jim" Watson
was ordered by his doctors last
winter to give up his strenuous
activities as Republican floor
leader and take an extended rest
in Florida the entire Republican
membership of the Senate, as a
man, turned to Senator Charley"
McNary to take his place. Regu-
lars and ProgreSSives for once
were agreed on a choice for a
leader.
1t would be going too far, per-
hapS, to say that Senator Nc
Nary was the Presidents first
choice for this important posi-
ton, but Republican Senators,
including the regulars. frequently
differ very profoundly with Mr..
Hoover on political matters.
Their approach to this field is
based on experience and contacts
that the President has not
known.
The Senate cannot be lead.
Other Presidents have learned
that to their sorrow. The Senate
will respond to tactfuI cOllabOra-
ton. And last SessiOn-and the
coming one, tOO-One Of the vital
needs Of the Republican side Of
the chamber was a leader who
had the confidence, respect and
friendship of aII factions and
groups.
The Washington times., 1931-10-28
Varied Forced Labor"

In reply to charges of forced
labor the Soviet officials insist
that no such labor Is used in
producing goods for export. This
is probably true unless one wants
to argue-aS some anti-SOviet
speakers in the United States
have argued-that all labor in
Russia is forced.
Such an argument can be
answered effectively. however, by
pointing out that the labor turn
over in Russian industries. as esti-
mated by American engineers, is
about so per cent.
Informed American officials in
Berlin admitted that the Russians
probably were too smart to use
forced labor on export goods"
The so-called forced labor in
Russia is usually divided into the
five classes described in the Lon
don Times charges, purportedly
based on official Russian docu-
ments. These classes are: Cd
voluntary" undertakings OF local
peasants, actually dictated by
Soviet officials; 20 indentured
labor of peasants from other
localities: 90 statute" labor,
where the hitherto unemployed
are forced to take work; (4) I'M
prisoned convictS, and 80 unlm'
priSoned convictS.
The Washington times., 1931-10-28
Senate Trusts Charley"

The Senate trusts Charley"
McNary. 1t profoundly respects
his judgment, on politics and legis-
lation. Not an InSurgent, neither
is he regular. He is a party
man, but q sturdy independent.
His politics are grounded on an
acute realism and unflinching
frankness. McNary does not per-
NIT party loyalty to sway his
vote.
This independence of intellect,
combined with his patience, tact,
and good nature in dealing with
men, his trustwOrthiness, and
long experience in Western politics,
where democracy is vigorous and
rugged, has made him one of the
shrewdeSt and sOundest political
Strategists in American politics.
National Republican leaders have
never made the use of his counsel
that it merits. McNary is Just a
bit too independent. Likewise, he
keeps his opinions to himself, until
asked.
He has also preferred to culti-
vate his own home grounds, the
Pacific Northwest. to which he is
deeply devoted. He has repeatedly
The Washington times., 1931-10-28
Counts Six Red Soldiers

At Dnieprostroy the Americans
were greatly annoyed at a story
which had appeared in American
newspapers to the effect that the
laborers there were intimidated
by Red soldiers scattered over the
project.
The writer counted six Red sol
diers-tWo at each end OF the old
bridge over the Dnieper, two over
the new bridge and two at the
new dam. Soldiers are stationed
at every bridge in Russia and all
windows are closed when trains
go over the bridges.
This seemed an absurd precau'
ton against bombing until the
writer was shown that during the
civil war 1872 bridges had been
blown up.
Two and a quarter million
Russians glory in their forced
labor. They are the members OF
the Communist party who are
under more severe discipline than
any soldiers in the world.
Regardless of personal feelings
they must be where they are
sent by their leaders, who in
turn, must submit to the ma
jority vote of their colleagues
They are not immune from pun
ishment, in fact, their punish
ment, if any, is likely to be
harsher than that meted out to
non-party members.
The Communists set an ex'
ample for the others and can
see no reason why the people
should object to fighting for a
higher standard of living for all
The country is working in a war
time atmosphere and under war
time pressure.
CONTINUED Tomorrow
The Washington times., 1931-10-28
Soviet Has Forced Labor, Writer Finds,
But It's Difficult to ProDe 1t

DtO 60, and they usually 60. They
are paid, Of course, for their
factory work.
Statute labor is the modified
unemployed, and sometimes the
employed. Last year there was
a crisis in transportation. The
government sent out instructions
that all persons who had for.
merly worked on the railroads
should be be registered and told
to hold themselves in readiness
for work on the transportation
system. Those called were told
that they must remain on the
job until completion of the five
year plan.
The unemployed are told that
they must take whatever jobs are
offered or be taken from the
labor exchange lists. This means
that they cannot get a job else
where. This is done under an
order of the Commissariat of
Labor issued in November last
year which said in part:
"Skilled wOrkmen refusing the
work offered them are to be
put at unskilled labor and IL
they refuse. they are to be
struck off the employment
register"
The Washington times., 1931-10-28

terminals be treated 50 mana
sOmely.
This is hardly the case because
they had invented various air
plane devices. aIn the United
States a criminal could have OBJ
tained a patent and drawn royal
ties. Many American offenders
have made money while in prison.
At that, the treatment OF these
political offenders compares favor
ably with American treatment OF
political offenders sentenced dur
ing the war.
American engineers facetiously
declare that they would like to see
a little forced labor in Russia.
They say the Russian peasant, &C
customed to letting his women
folk work, needs some sort OF
prod. They cite the huge labor
turnover to prove that the work
ers are not forced to stay on in
duStrial jobs.
The Washington times., 1931-10-28
Convict Labor a Problem

Convict labor presents a problem
because of Soviet RuSsia's unique
laws. Political offenses and crimes
against the governmental wide
field since the government con.
trolls virtually all industry-are
the most severely punished.
At present the most severe
penalties are given for sabotage,
which can be active, passive or
merely inefficiency. Soviet of.
ficialS claim. however, that most
Of their cOnvicts receive pay for
the work they do.
The unimprisoned convict S
usually are engineers and old
intelligentSia who work under
supervision. After Stalin's July
speech the central executive com
mittee of the union granted
amnesty to a group of old
engineers. alleged followers of
Ramzin arrested a year ago by
the Gay-Pay-Oo, who had been
employed in the Moscow Aviation
Factory No. 80.
Two "wreckerS and Sabotagers"
were each given 10000 roubles
and a vote of thanks for their
work in the factory; one was
given 5000 roubles and two 9th.
ers were given 1000 roubles each.
The Moscow News, a COmmu-
mist newspaper, said that these
men had "really repented their
previous wrecking activities" and
claimed that in no other country
in the world would such dastardIy
The Washington times., 1931-10-28
Has Youthful Appearance

McNary is slender and active,
with amused blue eyes and of Gis-
tinc1 youthful appearance. He is
one of the best golfers in the Sen.
ate. In his boyhood he was a
neighbor of the Presidents, who
was then living with an uncle in
oregon. He was younger than
the President, but saw him fire.
quently. He has Probably known
Mr.. Hoover longer than any other
person in Washington.
McNary came to the Sepate
from the Oregon Supreme Court.
He is serving his third term, be-
ing easily reelected last year by
a large majority when the rest of
the Republican ticket was either
being defeated or barely winning
through.
The Washington times., 1931-10-28

And ala Raymond u nTa""t
you see any forced labor on
your trip?"
II didn't see any forced
labor" the writer replied, but
1 saw a trainlOad Of 'kulaks'
comparatively well.tO-dO peas
ants) on their way to Siberia"
81 won't deny it," said the
official. That's a purely poll
tical question"
The "kulaks" in question were
at the railroad station of Kras-
nouflmSk. a small town between
Kazan and Sverdlovsk. The train
consisted of 80 box cars, each
containing 40 or more persons.
including women with babies in
arms. The train was guarded
by Red soldiers who would not
permit pictures to be taken.
The writer's guide, a Russian
newspaper man, who, of course,
was sympathetic to the present
regime. explained that the
"kulaks" were "colonists." They
we're sent to the Siberian forests,
he said. to clear the land. After
they clear the land, they can live
there" he said.
The Washington times., 1931-10-28

would vote in the negative. A
Jew hours before the vote that de.
feated Parker was taken, the
President sent for these Senators
and prevailed on them to change
their position.
Each Of the three Senators,
from widely different sections of
the country, was subsequently de-
feated. They all attributed their
defeat to their votes for Parker
and each has since written Nc
Nary wistfully telling him they
wished they had taken his advice.
The Washington times., 1931-10-28

A HARD day at the Office, and head
ache homeward bound. All for the want
of two little tablets of Bayer Aspirin!
Don't be helpless when you suddenly get a
headache; carry Bayer Aspirin with you.
The pocket tin doesn't take up any room,
but what a comfort when it's needed! "
Fatigue will frequently bring on head
ache. 1t lowers the vitality and invites
cold. Take Bayer Aspirin and throw it off!
Don't wait until you are miserable. There
is nothing in genuine aspirin that can hurt
the heart or upset the stomach or harm the
system in any way. Your doctor will tell
you that!
Get real aspirin. Look for Bayer on the
The Washington times., 1931-10-28
By ROBERT S. ALLEN

'been asked to take chairmanships
of Senate committees Of more i'm
posing dignity than the Agricul-
tural Committee which he heads.
McNary has been satisfied where
he was. This committee deals
with the problems that interest
most his State and section and
these command his first duty and
responsibility.
The Washington times., 1931-10-28

ern turpentine
camps or OF
la Dor eompul'
sion I throu h
company stores
in A m eric an
timber and soft
coal industries,
w en- the
writer returned
to Moscow from
his S W / n 8
around Russia
a high ranking
Soviet official
onfid ent ly
asked:
"And did
The Washington times., 1931-10-28
BY RAYMOND p. BRANDT

(CoPyrlGht by 81. LOuis POst-Dlspatch
and Distributed by Central Press)
There Is forced labor in Soviet
Russia but conclusive proof e 1t
is almost as difficult to get as
proof Of peonage in the South
The Washington times., 1931-10-28

Home seekers who want to establish
themselves in a home of their own will
find timely home selection in the
Real Estate for Sale Columns of the
Classified Section
The Washington times., 1931-10-28
HEADACHE

box. Follow the proven directions found
inside each genuine Bayer package. They
cover colds, sore throat, headaches, tooth
ache, neuralgia, neuritis, sciatica, lumbago,
rheumatism, muscular pains, and other
pains and aches for which these tablets are
a positive antidote.
Keep your pocket tin filled from the
bottle of 100 tablets. Every drugstore has
Bayer Aspirin in bottles, as well as the
familiar little box. Bought by the hundred
the genuine tablets cost very little, indeed.
When the tablets are stamped Bayer you
know what you are taking. 1t never pays to
experiment with limitations. Don't take
chances with your health.
The Washington times., 1931-10-28
True to Type
MUST TELEVlS SION
REPEAT ERRORS
-. OF RADIO?
By GILBERT SELDES-

1t happened that in my first experience of television
a woman whom knew appeared on the screen think
should have recognized her face even if had not
been told she was there; her voice, of course,
over with the clarity of the telephone the phonograph
and the radio, neither better The system
which l was observing is that invented by Ulysses
Sanabria, youth of twenty-five, Chicagoan, be-
lieve Miss Theresa Heburn, director of the Theater
Guild spoke in the lobby of her theater in New York.
around the corner the Broadway her head appeared
the 1t appeared that is, like one of those
trick drawings, made up of hundreds of concentric
circles in which heavier and lighter lines to
create face. So far that is the appearance of the
teevised object; you may recall the first photo
graphs sent by telephone for parallel. And the
ond parallel is instructive because within few months
after these first dotted pictures appeared teephoned
photographs became almost perfect in newspaper re-
productions.
The Washington times., 1931-10-28
Natural Defects

This particular system of televison, projecting
ten-foot screen, is being simultaneously rushed into
heaers and into the stock marke-an entirely natural
development, quite like the exploitation of the first
talkie mechanism think it is idle to criticize the ad
mitted mperfections of the instrument But there
two circumstances which bear thinking about, and |
am afraid that while the exploiters will think and
talk great deal about one, they will probably neglect
the other entirely.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-03-21
COMMUNIST ROLE
In ARGENT TINA
Is CLARIFIED
Does Not Resort to
Desperate Acts

BUENOS AIRES, Argentine.-The
recent attempts of individuals to ex-
press their antagonism against the
fascist, Uriburu, and his predecessor,
Irigoyen, and the methods which
these "aliantistas" apparently an
anarchist group employ has caused
much discussion. Its basis lies in
whether the masses are to use this
method of independent attack or
whether they are to organize under
the Irigoyen hegemony now existing.
The theory of the individual an
archists is the theory of the petty
bourgeoisie. Only the petty-bour-
geoisie becomes desperate, and with
out perspective of the past nor a
plan for the future, resorts to meth
eds of Observation-Disclosures at
tack. These "aliantistas" cannot I'M
derstand the proletariat. Their roads
are distinct from one another, they
are two classes, two ideologies. His
torical experience has proved that
individual violence is not productive
and from the revolutionary point of
view has an absolutely negative
value.
In Argentina, great mass move
ments are in preparation; armed re-
volts of the peasants, strikes every
where. But this movement of the
workers does not yet exist; it is still
in the process of organization. The
"aliantistaS" deprecate the necessity
of such planned, unified action, and
replace it with individual attacks, at
tackS~ which disarm the proletariat
and place the workers in the hands
of the "Irigoyenistas."
Communists are not against vio-
lence, but they are for collective
mass action against the common
enemy of the working class, not the
sterile violence Of the individual. To
depart from organized violence OF
the proletariat as the goal is de-
parting from the correct line and is
encouraging and helping the adj
vancement of fascism.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-03-21
READING, PENNA.
BROADCASTING

In todayS issue of the Daily
Worker there is paragraph stating
that the Reading order has been cut
with 200 and that there is no reason
for the cut since the Daily arrives
here on time. You have sent the
papers outside mail for a while bit
for the past two weeks the papers
arrive through the post office adj
dressed to Cherry ST., which caused
delay of 5 hours. Instead of get
ting the paper IL noon we get it
5 pm. Well, how do you expect
to sell Daily Workers under such
conditions? We have written a dozen
letters to New York and Philadel-
phia and still the same thing con-
tinues.
eff you want to have circuIa-
ton of 500 within two weeks we
can do it but not under the present
arrangements. Furthermore, we
never get any attention in your
weekly circulation column in spite
of the fact that our city is one of
the best, if you take its size into
consideration. The Daily Worker
Red Builders Club decided that we
ask you to print this letter the way
it is and that you Immediately
change the address to outside mail
Franklin st. Station" Harold John,
Reading, Pa.
We admit that thru an error in
our mailing department, the bundle
was not sent outside mail. However,
this mistake has been rectified. AS
to the charge of neglecting Reading
in our circulation column, what can
We write when we receive no reports?
Send reports in, Reading, and We'll
write them up. just reach that 500
mark with which you threaten us,
and we'll give you anything you
Wantl
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-03-21

tions of the District, and see if
they can furnish news, also sell
some of the papers, This should
be done, as many of the readers
in Butte have asked why we don't
have some local articles in the
paper"
Comrade Wright raises the point
of securing advertisements as a
means of helping to pay for the
bundles, and is confident he can
secure ads from sympathetic mer-
chants. This suggestion is a very
good one, and should also be used
By those districts already receiving
their weekly editions. Butte will
write us again as soon as the ques-
ton of district pages has been
taken up.
Buffalo, N. Y, has definitely de-
cided on district page, and has set
April II for its first issue. K. IL
moni, Daily Worker representative
writes:
Letters have already gone out
to the district, to be followed by
an extensive agitation. The. units
are to assign quotas at their next
meetings and prepare for the most
effective mass distribution of the
papers. Material will come to the
district office shortly and will in
turn be sent to the Daily"
We have already suggested that
Buffalo select Tuesday for its Dis
trict page since that date is open.
With the jamestown Unemployed
Council in steady activity, and the
Buffalo section being frightened Or
ganizationally, the district page
should be broadcast rapidly.
From Pittsburgh we received a
wire informing us that the district
page has been postponed one week.
1t will start Monday, March 80.
The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924-1958, 1931-03-21
Sears Generosity"
Taken From Wages
Of Low Paid TOilerS
Contributions from
Workers By Lay
Off Threat
Minneapolis, Mimi.

Minneapolis, Mimi.
The Daily Worker:
In Minneapolis there are many
mean, niggardly exploiters of labor
but Sears, Roebuck and Co. is one
of the worst. In the recent Red
Cross drive to raise ten million dol
lars for the drouth stricken farm
ers, thousands of whom are dying
from malnutrition, the quota for
Minneapolis and Hennepin County
was 100000. OF that sum. Sears, Roe
buck and Co. donated $4,000,
Take 1t From Workers.
TO the casual observer, Sears gen.
crosby must seem beautiful exam
pie of the warm heartedness of Big
Business. But other exploited work
ers may be interested to learn how
Sears raised the $4,000 levy.
Several weeks ago every one of
us Sears slaves was. compelled TO
sign away one days wages out of
each weeks pay for unemployment
and drouth relief. Some of us,
whose families were miserable
enough already on our SIS weekly
pittances, objected to this forced
contribution, but our bosses soon
made us understand that il would
be best for us to sign up and keep
our mouths shut. Even the lowest
paid, part-time employees were
forced to come across with dOna-
tiOns in order that the recipients
of the governments $162,0OO,0OO
tax refund might continue to re-
main secure with their ill-gotten
profits.
Workers Awakening.
AS time passes by, we are gradual
ly comm gto realize how helpless we
are and how hopeless our future will
be if we shall continue to submit to
the Unsuitable greed of our bosses.
Slowly, but surely we the oppressed
majority in all industries are closing
our ranks in preparation for the day
when we shall rise in our might to
seize the wealth that has been created
out OF the sweat and blood of labor.
j. M.