davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1931-04-23

erence to Benjamine Banneker, whose
home was a humble cabin near Eli
colts Mills, who had acquired the
rudiments of an education in rural
school and became the leader of his
race of that period. Overcoming diff
culties, he achieved national fame as
an astronomer and was we'll versed in
arithmetic, specializing in logarithms.
His ability is illustrated by his sue
cessful construction of wooden clock
based solely upon his examination of
watch.
William Eddis, Royalist Proprie-
tary of the Colony, in his comments
on colonial life in Maryland, says in
regard to the treatment of the Negro
in this State: "They are better cloth
ed, better fed and better treated than
their unfortunate breathern y
subjected to slavery in our West In
dia Islands"
The history of the Negro and Negro
slavery in Maryland could only be
encompassed in a small volume. Suf-
flee it to say that the various censuses
from 1890 to 1860 show a steady in
crease in the number of free Negroes
living within the bounds of Mary
land. BY 1910 the number had rap
idly increased to 33,927, or one-third
the number of Negroes in slavery,
while in 1890 there were but 8,043
"free persons of color" in the State.
After 1910, the increase. was slower,
still at the rate of about 10000 a
year, so that by 1860 the number of
free Negroes in Maryland was nearly
equal to the number in bondage.
The sentiment of the State was
heartily in favor of emancipation,
which was shown by the appropriation
of the Assembly in 1881 of $260,000
for the transportation of freed Ne
groes to Africa.
In 1864, the Civil War not yet being
over, a new State Constitution was
adopted, which, among other provis-
ions, abolished slavery in Maryland.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1931-04-23
THE ALLEGHENY TABLE
II LAND

pittsburgh Post-Gazette, April 1877
The decision of the Pittsburgh
Chamber of Commerce to sponsor eff
forts in the final stage of the move
ment to link the Allegheny Tableland
area with the Pittsburgh distrist eco
nopaical, socially and !; culturally,
draws attention not only to mutu-
ally beneficial program, but to a most
interesting story of an interstate char
acter. It has elements that go much
beyond those of the ordinary metro
politan area proposition.
From time to time the Post-Ga-
zette has published accounts of the
progress of the movement which orig
mated in agricultural, social and ed
ucational extension activities in the
sections of the three states, Pennsyl-
yania, West Virginian and Maryland,
that converge in this plateau of the
Alleghenies. The area includes parts
Of Fayette and Somerset counties,
Pennsylvania; Garrett county, Mary
land, and Mineral, Grant, Tucker,
Preston and Monongahela counties,
West Virginia-about 5000 square
miles and having a population of 1OO,-
600, distributed among So towns and
villages and 5000 farms.
For many years the outside rela-
tionships of the Tableland folk were
principally with Baltimore, some 200
miles away, on account of more direct
railway facilities and due also to the
fact that the mountain territory ap-
pealed in turn to many of the people
of Baltimore and Washington for rec
reational purposes. Although Pitts
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1931-04-23
Crellin to Support Baseball Team
Again This Year

The Crelli Athletic Club will again
have baseball team this year, which
will be composed of many of last
seasons players. Practice, games
have been played daily during the past
week, many of the new players show
ing exceptional ability.
The team is composed of the fol-
lowing: Outfielders, Francis Faherty,
Denver Sanders, Harold Shaffer, Clyde
Sisler; infelders, Victor Serene, Dam
mis- Colaw, Harley Dawson, Elmer FL
lott, Paul Dawson, Herman WEIGH;
pitchers, Don Colaw, Roy Mickey, Verl
Carskadon, Russell Bowser; catchers,
Bernard Wilt, John Bowser.
Crellin is anxious to meet with any
of the teams in the county. Any team
desiring games should get in touch
with the manager of the team at Crel-
lin.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1931-04-23
FALSE ECONOMY

A group of people of the county,
in a headlong effort to have the tax
es reduced, have caused to be cut off
from the county two positions, the adj
vantages of which are innumerable,
the public health nurse and the home
demonstration agent.
A thorough study of the records of
accomplishments Of these two offices
would convince even the most critical,
if he would but take the time to look.
Some of the records are listed in
The Republican today in the hope that
people might realize what is being
taken away from them.
Only group of people in favor of
continuing these offices, larger than
the group which has opposed them,
could be effective in keeping up the
work.
If they are not continued, Garrett
county is the loser.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1931-04-23
An Interesting Fact
THE NEGRO IN MARYLAND

While the first Negroes brought
into the Colony of Virginia were in
dentured for term of years and
were freed after their terms of SER
vice had expired, historians generally
accept the year 1919 when slavery or
servitude for life was first introduced
into Virginia. n -
1t is uncertain when slavery was
introduced into Maryland, but GER
tainly before 1889, as a statute passed
BY the Assembly of that State in that
year provides "that all the inhabi-
tants of this Province being Chris
tians (slaves excepted) shall have and
enjoy all such rights" etc.
The first American slave ship was
LAUGHED at Marblehead, Massachu-
sets, in 1886, but it is not known that
this vessel ever brought African
slaves to Maryland, and while it is
true that subsequently many Mary
landers became owners of slaves, but
few, if any, ever engaged In the rep
rehensible practice of Selling Negroes
in their native land and transporting
them to America.
An Act of the Assembly of Mary
land of 1864 provided that all Negroes
or other slaves already within the
province, and all Negro and other
slaves to be hereafter imported into
the province shall serve "durante vita"
ii. e., during life). Later, in 1871
(the impression becoming current that
baptism freed a slave from bondage),
the Assembly declared that baptism
did not so free the Negro.
The humane treatment of the Ne
gro in Maryland, even in the early
days, is probably best shown by ref
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1931-04-23
r Y AN IS GIL A d E

Mrs. Frank Probst and Mrs. Milton
Tucker were guests of Mrs. Hester A.
Harvey Saturday evening.
Mr.. S. G. Steyer was visiting his
daughter, Mrs. Elmer Harvey, Fri
day afternoon.
Mrs. Hester Wilson spent the week
end with Mrs. Olive Bay, near Gort-
ner.
Mrs. w. w. VanGilson and son Wal
ter, of New York City, spent a week
with the formers sister, Mrs. Rather
inc Harvey.
Mr.. and Mrs. Russell Harvey were
calling on Mr.. and Mrs. R. L. Neville
at Bayard, W. Va, on Saturday.
Miss Rose Cerne was visiting at the
home of Mr.. and Mrs. Albert Steyer
on Sunday.
Mrs. Eliza Moon and son Elmer, OF
Terra Alta; Mrs. Scott Harvey, Mrs
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1931-04-23

burgh, in straight line, was only
from 80 to 100 miles distant, the rail-
road service to it was so roundabout
as practically to equal the mileage to
Baltimore. The automobile and hard
roads have now changed that COM
pletely. Today the Tableland and
Pittsburgh are but a few hours Of
travel apart, and the people of the
former have rapidly been changing
their utilization from Baltimore to this
city-the more readily because in the
past quarter of century Baltimore
ans have been falling off in their pat
ronage of the mountain resorts.
The most striking feature of the de-
velopment, however, is the lightness
with which state lines are now held in
ordinary affairs. In the early period
Pennsylvania and Maryland were sew
,eral times on the verger of war over
their boundary. Had the contention
of Lord Baltimore prevailed, Phila-
UGlpnld WOulu have UctIl d MdI yAdIlu
town; if PENIS limits had stood, Bal
timore would have been in Pennsyl-
vania. This wrangle was settled only
with the drawing of the Mason and
Dixon line. And at one time, of course,
the Pittsburgh territory was claimed
by Virginia.
But what are mere state lines to
modern economic necessities and re-
lationships? Nothing that need in
terfere with our business and neigh
borliness," answell the spokesman for
the Tableland, and in this they are
applauded for their good sense by the
extension leaders of the three states.
Obviously, it is good business"
for both the Tableland and Pitts
burgh. The Pittsburgh Chamber of
Commerce is to be commended for the
promptness with which it has re-
sponded to the movement from the
beginning. All concerned are entitled
to congratulations on the progress of
the effort. o.. -
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1931-04-23
A RARE TREAT

Oakland citizens had the rare treat
during the past week Of listening to
two rather famous musical organiza-
tions, the Handley High School Band
of Winchester, Va, and the Claflin
quartet, composed of colored students
from Clafin college, Orangeburg,
South Carolina.
The high school band is outstanding
in it's rendition of concert and parade
music, having won many prizes at the
Apple Blossom Festival at Winches-
ter, and the achievement of Prof. w.
H. McIlwee in training boys of high
school age to produce music such as
was played last Friday evening, shows
the possibilities of advancement along
this line at Oakland, where the Gil
bert Brown Boys Band is growing by
leaps under the direction of its lead
ers. The people of Oakland feel that
they have in Mr.. Gilbert, as capable a
leader as can be found in many.
More harmony than was displayed
at the Maryland Tuesday night when
the Claflin colored quartet made its
initial appearance in Oakland has
never been heard. Those Negro boys
brought out of their spirituals and
other selections, what every lover Of
music delights to hear. Individually,
each voice was just right, and col
lectively, they couldn't be surpassed.
At an addition at the Boston Con-
sevatory of Music recently, the direc-
tor pronounced them the "Best Quar-
tet in America" After hearing
them Tuesday night, there won't be
many in the vicinity of Oakland to
contradict that assertion, and even
the most critical could say no less
than "One of the best quartets in
America.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1931-04-23
Beyond the County

In Spain, whose ruler abdicated
last week, the new Republic has an
nounced that it will assume all Ma
tional debts, including a 60 million
dollar credit heretofore arranged thru
]. P. Morgan & co., which has not yet
been drawn on.
Stimson last Friday warned all Ameri-
cans to get out of the interior of Mica
raugua, saying, "Those who remain do
so at their own risk and must not ex-
pect American forces to be sent inland
to their aid"
In Washington, the American So
cial Hygiene Association reports that
the worst vice conditions in that city
are in the south section of Pennsyl-
vania in the shadow of the Capitol.
At Mount Holly, N. j., the death of
John T. Dorrance, who was head of
the Campbell Soup Company, reveals
that his personal estate is worth ap-
proximately lis million dollars, his
interest in the soup company being
valued at 70 million dollars.
At Washington, Edith Mae Pen
nington, former national beauty prize
winner, "the most beautiful girl in
the U. S" with a prize of $4,000 in
gold, later screen artist, abandons
motion picture career to enter relig-
ious work and is holding services in
the Capital city.
At Annapolis, more than 200 bills
approved by the recent Legislature
became State Laws Saturday when
signed by Governor Richie, who at
the same time vetoed 35. "
At Washington more than $50 wom-
eu, armed with a resolution calling for
the repeal of the 18th Amendment,
called upon President Hoover to en-
list his aid.
In Washington, last week, it was so
warm that the White House Cooling
System was put in operation. This
has no connection with the preceding
item.
In Baltimore, Prohibition agents,
last Friday, seized alleged whiskey
and alcohol valued at approximately
100 thousand dollars, cached in steel
vault with a combination lock.
Mount Ida, Ark, a town of 500
population, Z women, nominated and
elected by men, all sworn to enforce
the dry laws, have been sworn in as
Mayor, recorder, and aldermen.
At Rising Sun, Nd, Tuesday, two
bandits held up the cashier Of the
Rising Sun Bank and his wife, forced
them at pistol point to sit on the
floor, seized $4,000 and escaped.
In London, England, a society ma
iron and widow of a Highland officer,
who was killed in the war, fell in
love with and married German ex-
officer who brought down her hus-
bands plane over the Hindenburg line
and killed him.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1931-04-23

Oscar Wolfe and Mrs. Albert Steyer
and sons Edward and Lee spent Sun
day afternoon with Mr.. and Mrs. FL
mer Harvey.
Mr.. and Mrs. I. r. Neville, of Bay
ard, w. Va, were visiting Mr.. and
Mrs. Scott Harvey on Sunday.
Services will be held at White
Church on Sunday: Sunday school at
10 a. M; preaching service at II a.
M; Epworth League at 7:30 p. m.
Everyone very cordially invited to
attend all of these services.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1931-04-23

said election, and all persons, citizens
of the United States and bona fide
owners of real estate in said town for
twelve months preceding Said cleo
ton, and the wives and (or) husbands
and children Of such owners who are
Fl years of age or over.
4. In the event this charter is
adopted under said referendum, then
the said committee or judges shall
hold the election for town officers on
the second Tuesday of August.
The Act provides that the officers
shall be Mayor to serve for two
years; 8 Councilmen to serve for
years, and two councilmen to serve
for one year.
5. Taxes are not to exceed sixty
cents on the $100 and all real estate
shall be assessed at its actual cash
value.
Mr.. and Mrs. M. C. Clayton are in
Fairmont, where they went to partic-
ipate in the celebration of the 99th
birthday of Mrs. Margaret Jane
Grove, the mother of Mrs. Clayton.
Mrs. Grove, although she has been
frail physically during late months,
still retains her keen mind. She was
staunch worker for the enfranchise-
ment of women and Marry years ago
was the first president of the Political
Equality Club of Fairmont. She has
greatly enjoyed the privigege of vot-
ing and went to the polls in recent
elections, although it taxed her phys
ically to do so.
Mrs. William Thompson Burch, of
Washington, accompanied by her
daughter, Miss Helen Burch, of New
York City, arrived at the Park on
Monday and are occupying the Burch
home overlooking this valley.
Mrs. Bessie Zohn has returned from
Fairmont, where she was the guest of
her sister, Mrs. Frank Murphy, for
several weeks.
Mrs. Isobel Hill, who spent a por-
ton of the winter months in Florida,
motored here from her home in Wash
ington Saturday and has opened her
cottage for the season.
Mrs. T. A. Deveny, Mr.. and Mrs.
Brooks Deveny, Miss Mary Deveny
and Mrs. Frank Murphy, all of Fair
mont, stopped here for few hours
en- route to their homes from Wash
ington, where they motored to see the
wonderful display of cherry blossoms
in the Mall.
Mr.. and Mrs. June Clark and fam
lily were in the Park for short time
on their way to Fairmont to visit the
mother of the former, who is seriously
ill.
Mrs. R. L. Cunningham and son L.
M. Cunningham motored here from
their home, Fairmont, Sunday. f-
Mr.. and Mrs. Bushrod Grimes, Nor
gantown, are at their cottage for a
few days this week.
Mrs. C. A. Oswell and daughter,
Miss Harriet Oswell, arrived here Sat-
urday from Miami, Florida, where
they had spent the winter. Mr.. Os-
we'll stopped in New York for few
days.
Mr.. Frank Morgan and Mr.. Harvey
Shain, of Grafton, were here Tues
day.
Miss Hicks has arrived and is pre-
pairing to open the Deaconess' Home
for the season.
The Oakland Fire Department, so
far this month, has answered nine
calls in and near the Park, all on ac-
count of grass and woods fires. A lit
tie more care, common sense and con-
sideration would save the department
much money and valuable time in adj
dition to endangering property.
The many friends of Mr.. Dunning-
ton are delighted to see him on the
grounds about his hotel directing the
work of getting the Mountain Lake
Hotel ready for the coming season.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-07-23

influenza, rheumatism, infantile paral-
ysis and sleeping sickness.
Although the scientists experiments
have thus far~been limited, he postu-
lated in the summary of his lecture
that a majority, If not all, known hac-
terra, were subject to the new method
of isolation.
Briefly, the discovery was described as
the development of culture media
which will change bacteria from in
visible to visible form. The essential
ingredient, he said, was p small in
testine of man, swine, dog or rabbit
chemically treated. He is now pre-
pairing second paper SO that its manu-
facture and testing will be possible in
other laboratories.
DR.. Kendall'S encouragement, claCe
before a group of scientists, was i':-
lowed by prolonged applause. DR.. Ed
ward C. Rosenow, head Of the oacter.-
ology Research Division of the Mayo
Clinic, at Rochester, Mimi. and DR.
Irving S. Cutter, dean of the faculty
of medicine at Northwestern, lauded
DR.. Kendalls discovery as almost as
revolutionary as that of Pasteur.
DR.. Kendall Is Sd years old and has
been a member of the staff OF the
Northwestern Medical School since 1910
The experiments which resulted In his
discovery have been conducted for a
year with rabbits and with patients at
the Passavant and Evanston Hospitals
who were suffering from typical dis
eases.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-07-23

Made in sizes, Nth w, 8h and 10 square
feet of shelf area. All hare Pyroxalin
Lacquer exterior finish, Porceldin-on-
Steel interior, Positive dir Circulation
feature, Hermetically Sealed Unit and
26 other great features.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-07-23
ESTATE OF ROLAND
VALUED AT $133,6O2
Many Requests Given Catholic In.
stitutions and Hospitals in
Will Probs ted.

Thornton p. Boland, who died on
June 10. left an estate estimated at
$133, 602.92, according to the petition
for probate of his will filed yesterday by
his widow Mrs. Frances H. Boland, and
the Union Trust Co. his executors.
Tie estate consists entirely of personal
pfvperty n
The widow is given the household
and personal effects and 81 900 in cash,
and the pastor of st. Paul's Catholic
Church is to have $1,000 for masses.
The remaining estate is to be held in
trust by the Union Trust Co. during
the life of the widow, to whom Is TO
be paid the net income.
At the death of Mrs. Boland SIS 900
is to be given the Sisters of Bon Sc
cours, 4lo1 Yuma street; 81 900 each to
st. AIMS Infant Asylum, st. Josepnis
Home and School, st. Vincent's Home
and School, Little Sisters Of the Poor
and Christ Child Society; $500 each 20
the Society of the Perpetual Alteration,
House of Good Shepherd. Providence
Hospital, Georgetown University Hos
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-07-23
HAYES FORECASTS
PHILIPPINE CHANGE
Missouri Senator Says Time
Has Come to End Uncertain
ty in Islands.
~ Cable 70 The Star.

Uy Gable to The Star.
MANILA, P. l., July 1.-TWO ST.
louis politicians Of rival parties maze
(ront-page news in Manila today.
Senator Harry B. Halves of Missouri
continued his mischieyous jibes at the
Republicans Philippine policy, and told
The Rotarian Congress here that Con-
kress had not made an organic law Tor
lie Philippines since 1916, but the time
has come for a change"
-. think change will be effected,
S. ?stor Halves said. because every one
ag;ees the uncertainty should end
Filipinos applauded more than Amerl-
c4ns: the latter. chiefly business men.
associated Mr.. Halves uttcrances with
stc July trade slump, which is quite
without precedent.
Filipinos are discussing a seperate
Rotary Club to foster better relations
among Filipino business men and to
help their business activities"
Gov. Gen. Dwight FtRavis-also
native of st. Louis-hxs the
receipt of an invitation from Gus
Clancy one of his old corporalS ard
now owner of stable Of boxers in
DetI Dit, Mich, for Gov. Davis to visit
Detroit during the American Legion
Convention in September. Mr.. Davis
admits Mr.. Clancy's letter, together
with a formal invitation from the
Legion, pulls the heartStrings OF a
lonly man filling what is considered
here to be a lonely. thankless post,
but says he could not possibly attend.
(Copyright, 1917
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-07-23
NEW MEANS FOUND
TO ISOLATE GERMS
Bacteria Made Visible to
Study by Medics-Doctors
Term 1t Revolutionary.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
CHICAGO, ILL.,, July 23-The discov-
cry Of new method of isolating bac-
invisible, announced by DR.. Arthur I.
Kendall, professor of bacteriology at
Northwestern University, was hailed to-
day by his colleagues as an important
victory in the fight of science against
disease.
Some of DR.. Kendall's associates de-
scribed the discovery, revealed by DR..
Kendall in lecture last night, as the
most important victory in the isolation
ohbacteria since the discoveries Of Louis
Pasteru They said it probably would
open the way for more thorough and
exact knowledge of such diseases as
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-07-23

pital, Bengalese Foreign Mission, Epis-
copal Eye, Ear and Throat Hospital
and Columbia Polytechnic Institute for
the Blind. $3.50 each to German Or
phan Asylum and Jewish Foster Home.
Should st. Martins Catholic Church
at Gaithersburg,' Md. have erected a
new church before the death of Mrs.
Boland, bequest is made of $4,000 for
an altar as a memorial to the Boland
family. Mrs. May Boland of German
town, Md, is given $500 and smaller
requests are made to a number CT
relatives.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-07-23
Authorized Majestic Refrigerator Dealers

AItemus, Albert Co. 5123 Georgia Ave. NV.
Atlantic Radio Co., 2O16 14th ST. NV.
Atlantic Radio Co.. 70S H ST. NE.
Brooks, Leo c., 1916 Connecticut Ave. NV.
CatLns, Inc, 1924 New York Ave. NV.
Chidakel Sales Co, 500 Seventh ST. S.W.
Colony Radio Service, 4SS5 Georgia Ave. NV.
DAILY Hopper CO.. 1902 Eleventh St. NV.
Dismer H. F., 1924 Fourteenth st. NV.
Gardner Steuart Motors, Inc. $40 H st. NE.
Georges Radio Service, 2141 Pennsylvania Ave. NV.
Goodman, N, Co.. 1914 New York Ave. NV
House e. Hermann, Seventh and Eye SITS. NV.
Jerman, b. D., g. Co. 2S19 NJ st. NV.
Jordan, Arthur Piano CO., Thirteenth and G Sts NV
Kilt, Homer L.. Co, 1880 G st. NV.
Miller, G. ", g. Co. 2421 Pennsylvania Ave. NV.
National Ma jestic Radio Co, 100 Twelfth ST. NV.
Nee, p J.. Co. Seventh and SITS. NV.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-07-23
Fruits Reduced to Powder.

A German scientist has devised a
rapid method of reducing Various fruits
to powder form in a very short time
without the use of heat or cold and
without sacrificing the favor of the
fruit. The process is Just being intro
duced and has been heartily received
by those who have had the opportunity
of testing it.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1931-07-23
ACTRESS ENDS CAREER
Irene Delroy, Recovering From In

ITeLt DeIIOy, NeCUV6IIHS I1OIII III
juries, Says She is Through.
MONTREAL, Quebec. July % (P-
Irene Delroy, the Singing star of Fol
low Thru" never again will appear
on either stage or screen.
The pretty actress, who is recuperat-
ing in a hotel here from a fractured
skull, broken finger and hip injuries
received when she was thrown from
her horse at Murray Bay. said today:
I've given up all thought of acting
again" The Broadway star was on
her honeymoon She had been mar
ried to William Austin, New York real
estate broker, for only week.